TransAct
Annual Report 2023

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 or ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to __________ Commission file number: 0-21121 TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INC (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Delaware 06-1456680 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) One Hamden Center, 2319 Whitney Avenue, Suite 3B, Hamden, CT (Address of principal executive offices) 06518 (Zip Code) (203) 859-6800 (Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common stock, par value $0.01 per share Trading Symbol(s) TACT Name of each exchange on which registered NASDAQ Global Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒ The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $78,500,000 based on the last sale price on June 30, 2023. As of February 29, 2024, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, was 9,964,674. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement related to its 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the Registrant’s fiscal year end of December 31, 2023 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Business Item 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments Item 1C. Cybersecurity Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Properties Legal Proceedings TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED INDEX PART I. PART II. [Reserved] Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Item 6. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Item 9B. Other Information Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Item 11. Executive Compensation Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services PART III. PART IV. Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules Item 16. Form 10-K Summary SIGNATURES CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 1 6 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 21 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 32 34 35 F-1 Index Smaller Reporting Company—Scaled Disclosure Pursuant to Item 10(f) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), as indicated herein, we have elected to comply with certain scaled disclosure requirements applicable to “smaller reporting companies” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (this “Form 10-K”). PART I Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements included in this Form 10-K may include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws, including the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact. Forward- looking statements represent current views about possible future events and are often identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “project,” “plan,” “predict,” “design” or “continue” or the negative thereof or other similar words. Forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. In the event that one or more of such risks or uncertainties materialize, or one or more underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Important factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following: the adverse effects of current economic conditions on our business, operations, financial condition, results of operations and capital resources, difficulties or delays in manufacturing or delivery of inventory or other supply chain disruptions, inflation and the Russia/Ukraine and Middle East conflicts, an inability of our customers to make payments on time or at all, diversion of management attention, a possible future reduction in the value of goodwill or other intangible assets, inadequate manufacturing capacity or a shortfall or excess of inventory as a result of difficulty in predicting manufacturing requirements due to volatile economic conditions, price increases or decreased availability of component parts or raw materials, exchange rate fluctuations, volatility of, and decreases in, trading prices of our common stock and the availability of needed financing on acceptable terms or at all; our ability to successfully develop new products that garner customer acceptance and generate sales, both domestically and internationally, in the face of substantial competition; our reliance on an unrelated third party to develop, maintain and host certain web-based food service application software and develop and maintain selected components of our downloadable software applications pursuant to a non-exclusive license agreement, and the risk that interruptions in our relationship with that third party could materially impair our ability to provide services to our food service technology customers on a timely basis or at all and could require substantial expenditures to find or develop alternative software products; our ability to successfully grow our business in the food service technology market; risks associated with the pursuit of strategic initiatives and business growth; general economic conditions; our dependence on contract manufacturers for the assembly of a large portion of our products in Asia; our dependence on significant suppliers; our ability to recruit and retain quality employees; our dependence on third parties for sales outside the United States; marketplace acceptance of new products; risks associated with foreign operations; the availability of third party components at reasonable prices; price wars, supply chain disruptions or other significant pricing pressures affecting the Company’s products in the United States or abroad; increased product costs or reduced customer demand for our products due to changes in U.S. policy that may result in trade wars or tariffs; our ability to protect intellectual property; and other risk factors identified and discussed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of this Form 10-K and that may be detailed from time to time in the Company’s other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or other factors, except where we are expressly required to do so by applicable law. Item 1. Business. The Company TransAct Technologies Incorporated (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “TransAct,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) was incorporated in June 1996 and began operating as a stand-alone business in August 1996 as a spin-off of the printer business that was formerly conducted by certain subsidiaries of Tridex Corporation. We completed an initial public offering on August 22, 1996. TransAct is a global leader in developing and selling software-driven technology and printing solutions for high-growth markets including food service technology, point of sale (“POS”) automation and casino and gaming. Our world-class products are designed from the ground up based on market and customer requirements and are sold under the BOHA!™, AccuDate™, Epic, EPICENTRAL®, and Ithaca® brand names. During 2019, we launched a new line of products for the food service technology market, the BOHA! hardware solutions and companion branded suite of cloud-based applications. The BOHA! software and hardware products help restaurants, convenience stores and food service operators of all sizes automate the food production in the back-of-house operations. Known and respected worldwide for innovative designs and real-world service reliability, our thermal printers and terminals generate top-quality labels, coupons and transaction records such as receipts, tickets and other documents. We sell our technology to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), value-added resellers, and select distributors, as well as directly to end users. Our product distribution spans across the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, the Caribbean Islands and the South Pacific. We also offer world-class service, support, labels, spare parts, accessories and printing supplies to our growing worldwide base of products currently in use by our customers. Through our TransAct Services Group (“TSG”), we provide a complete range of supplies and consumables used in the printing activities of customers in the restaurant and hospitality, retail, casino and gaming, and government markets. Through our webstore, www.transactsupplies.com, and our direct selling team, we address the demand for these products. We operate in one reportable segment: the design, development, and marketing of software-driven technology and printing solutions for high growth markets, and provide related services, supplies and spare parts. Our primary operating, hardware research and development, and U.S. service center is located in Ithaca, New York. In addition, we have a casino and gaming sales headquarters and software research and development center in Las Vegas, Nevada; a European sales and service center at our subsidiary in the United Kingdom (“UK”); and a sales office located in Macau, China. Our executive offices are located at One Hamden Center, 2319 Whitney Avenue, Suite 3B, Hamden, Connecticut, 06518, and our telephone number is (203) 859-6800. 1 Index Recent Developments In the fourth quarter of 2023, we completed an asset sale of our Printrex product line (essentially inventory on-hand) and recorded a resulting non-operating gain of approximately $0.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Prior to this sale, the last TransAct sales of Printrex products occurred in 2021. Current Business Trends After strong demand during the year due in part to our primary competitor’s struggle to deliver products in the face of supply chain constraints, in late 2023, we began to see indications of a temporary slowdown in demand in the casino and gaming market, as customers that had built up excess inventory due to supply chain concerns advised us that they would temporarily reduce orders until their stock normalized. This slowdown impacted our results in the fourth quarter of 2023, and we expect this trend to continue to impact results in 2024. Further, our primary competitor in the casino and gaming market has resumed supplying product with increasing volume in 2024, which has begun to result in downward pricing pressure in that market and could exacerbate the demand slowdown, either of which could negatively impact our worldwide casino and gaming sales. In addition, we have experienced cost increases as a result of current economic conditions, most of which we have been able to offset by increasing the prices of our products. However, there can be no guarantee that we will be able to increase prices sufficiently to offset any future such cost increases that cannot be predicted, and we may be impacted by supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures and other global economic conditions that may affect the markets we serve and from which we source our supplies and parts. Balance Sheet, Cash Flow and Liquidity During the third quarter of 2023, we began a cost reduction initiative to reduce our overall level of operating expenses that includes reducing employee headcount, trade show, advertising and other promotional marketing expenses, certain third party engineering resources and other expenses, and to a lesser extent, certain general and administrative expenses. We expect these actions will result in approximately $3 million of annualized savings beginning in 2024, partially offset by typical annual inflationary and cost of living increases in operating expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there is no assurance that the cost-cutting efforts we have taken to bring expenses in line with our revenue and mitigate the impact of global economic conditions such as supply chain disruptions and inflation are sufficient or adequate, and we may be required to take additional measures, as the ultimate extent of the effects of these risks on the Company, our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and cash flows are uncertain and are dependent on evolving developments which cannot be predicted at this time. See Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Form 10-K for further discussion of risks related to global economic conditions, supply chain disruptions and inflation. Products, Services, Markets and Distribution Methods Printers, terminals and other hardware: TransAct designs, develops and markets a broad array of transaction-based and specialty printers and terminals utilizing thermal printing technology for applications, primarily in the food service technology, POS automation, and casino and gaming markets. Our printers and terminals are configurable and offer customers the ability to choose from a variety of features and functions. Options typically include interface configuration, mounting configuration, paper cutting devices and paper handling capacities. Our food service technology terminals also offer software configurable menu options and our food service technology market includes sales of optional hardware products including tablets, temperature sensors and gateways (i.e. access points needed to enable wireless communications). Food Service Technology (“FST”): Our primary offering in the food service technology market is our line of BOHA! products, which can combine our latest generation terminal and workstation which includes one or two printers and our BOHA! labeling, timers, and media software. In addition, customers may individually purchase cloud-based software applications that connect to a separate application on a separate mobile device into a solution to automate back-of-house operations in restaurants, convenience stores and food service operations. The additional software offering of BOHA! consists of a variety of individually purchased software-as-a-service (“SaaS”)-based applications for both Android and iOS operating systems, including applications for, temperature monitoring, temperature taking and creating checklists and task lists. These applications are sold separately, and customers purchase the applications they need for their back-of-house operations. Customers may also purchase associated hardware, such as tablets, temperature sensors and gateways. The BOHA! Terminal and newly-launched Terminal 2 combine an operating system and hardware components in a device that includes a touchscreen and one or two thermal print mechanisms that print easy-to-read food rotation labels, grab-and-go labels, and nutritional labels for prepared foods, and “enjoy by” date labels. The BOHA! WorkStation uses an iPad or Android tablet instead of an integrated touchscreen. The BOHA! Terminal, Terminal 2 and WorkStation are equipped with the TransAct Enterprise Management System to ensure that only approved touchscreen functions are available on the touchscreen device and to allow over-the-air updates to the operating system. BOHA! helps food service establishments and restaurants (including fine dining, casual dining, fast casual and quick-service restaurants, convenience stores, hospitality establishments and contract food service providers) effectively manage food safety and grab-and-go initiatives, as well as automate and manage back-of-house operations. Recurring revenue from BOHA! is generated by software sales, including software subscriptions that are typically charged to customers annually on a per-application basis, as well as sales of labels, extended warranty and service contracts, and technical support services. In the food service technology market, we use an internal sales force to solicit sales directly from end users. In May 2023, we launched our new BOHA! Terminal 2 (the “T2”). The T2 is designed to be a high-end product intended for enterprise customers with increased speed, print resolution and wide-label capability. We started receiving orders for the T2 in the latter part of 2023 from both our international and domestic markets. POS automation: In the POS market, we sell a printer utilizing thermal printing technology. Our POS printer is used primarily by McDonald’s, and to a lesser extent, other quick-service restaurants and are located either at the checkout counter or within self-service kiosks, to print receipts for consumers or print on linerless labels. In the POS market, we primarily sell our products through a network of domestic and international distributors and resellers. We use an internal sales force to manage sales through our distributors and resellers, as well as to solicit sales directly from end-users. 2 Index Casino and gaming: We sell several models of printers used in slot machines and video lottery terminals (“VLTs”) and other gaming machines that print tickets or receipts instead of issuing coins (“ticket-in, ticket-out” or “TITO”) at casinos, racetracks and other gaming venues worldwide. These printers utilize thermal printing technology to print tickets and receipts in monochrome and offer various other features such as jam resistant bezels and a dual port interface that enables casinos to print coupons and promotions. In addition, we sell printers using thermal roll-fed printing technology for use in international non-casino establishments, including game types such as Amusements with Prizes, Skills with Prizes, Fixed Odds Betting Terminals, sports betting establishments and other off-premise gaming type machines around the world. We sell our casino and gaming products primarily (1) to slot machine manufacturers, who incorporate our printers into slot machines and, in turn, sell completed slot machines directly to casinos and other gaming establishments and (2) through distributors. We also maintain a dedicated internal sales force to solicit sales from slot machine manufacturers and casinos, and to manage sales through our distributors. In the fourth quarter of 2023, we launched the Epic TR80, our newest casino and gaming printer, which we believe will help us retain and expand our customer base in the casino and gaming markets. We also offer a software solution, the EPICENTRAL Print System, including annual software maintenance, that enables casino operators to create promotional coupons and marketing messages and to print them in real time at the slot machine. With EPICENTRAL, casinos can utilize the system to create multiple promotions and incentives to either increase customer time spent on the casino floor or encourage additional visits to generate more revenue to the casinos. TSG: Through TSG, we proactively market the sale of consumable products (including POS receipt paper, ribbons and other printing supplies), replacement parts, maintenance and repair services, and shipping and handling charges. Our maintenance services include the sale of extended warranties, multi-year maintenance contracts, a 24-hour guaranteed replacement product service called TransAct Xpress™ and other repair services for our non-FST products. Within the United States, we provide repair services through our service center in Ithaca, New York. Internationally, we provide repair services through our European service center located in Doncaster, UK, and through partners strategically located around the world. We also provide customers with telephone sales and technical support, and a personal account representative to handle orders, shipping and general information. Technical and sales support personnel receive training on all our products and services. In addition to personalized telephone and technical support, we also market and sell consumable products 24 hours a day, seven days a week, via our webstore, www.transactsupplies.com. Sources and Availability of Raw Materials We design our products to optimize product performance, quality, reliability and durability. These designs combine cost efficient materials, sourcing and assembly methods with high standards of workmanship. Almost all of our printers and terminals are currently produced by a third party manufacturer located in Thailand. A small portion of our products are assembled in our Ithaca, New York facility largely on a configure-to-order basis using components and subassemblies that have been sourced from vendors and contract manufacturers around the world. Critical component parts and subassemblies include thermal print heads, printing/cutting mechanisms, power supplies, motors, injection molded plastic parts, LCD screens, tablets, circuit boards and electronic components, which are obtained from domestic and foreign suppliers at competitive prices, subject to availability. As a result of the majority of our production being performed by our contract manufacturers, the majority of our purchases consist of fully assembled printers and terminals produced by our contract manufacturers and, to a much lesser extent, component parts. We typically strive to maintain more than one source for our component parts, subassemblies and fully assembled printers and terminals to reduce the risk of parts shortages or unavailability. However, we have experienced and could continue to experience some disruption due to certain suppliers being unable to source specific components and we could experience temporary disruption in the availability of components. In addition, we could experience temporary disruption if certain suppliers ceased doing business with us, as described below. We currently buy a majority of our thermal print mechanisms, an important component of our thermal printers, and fully assembled printers for substantially all of our printer and food service technology terminal models, from a foreign contract manufacturer in Thailand. We believe that other contract manufacturers could provide similar thermal print mechanisms or fully assembled printers and terminals, on comparable terms. We do not have supply agreements with foreign contract manufacturers, and we believe that our supply of thermal print mechanisms and fully assembled printers and terminals will be adequate in 2024 and the foreseeable future. Patents and Proprietary Information TransAct relies on a combination of trade secrets, patents, employee and third party nondisclosure agreements, copyright laws and contractual rights to establish and protect its proprietary rights in its products. As of January 31, 2024, we hold 26 active United States patents and 29 active foreign patents and have seven foreign patent applications and two US patent applications pertaining to our products. The remaining duration of these patents ranges from one to 25 years. During the year ended December 31, 2023, no US patents were issued and two foreign patents were issued. During the year ended December 31, 2023, one United States patent expired and one foreign patent expired. The expiration of this foreign patent has not had a material negative impact on our business. The expiration of any individual patent would not have a significant negative impact on our business. We regard certain manufacturing processes and designs to be proprietary and attempt to protect them through employee and third party nondisclosure agreements and similar means. It may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy certain portions of our products or to reverse engineer or otherwise obtain and use, to our detriment, information that we regard as proprietary. Moreover, the laws of some foreign countries do not afford the same protection to our proprietary rights as do the laws of the United States. There can be no assurance that legal protections we rely upon to protect our proprietary position will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technologies. 3 Index Trademarks, Service Marks Trade Names and Copyrights We own or have rights to trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights that we use in connection with the operation of our business, including our corporate names, logos and website names. Other trademarks, service marks and trade names appearing in this Form 10-K are the property of their respective owners. The trademarks we own include TransAct®, BOHA!TM, AccuDate™, EPICENTRAL® and Ithaca®. Solely for convenience, some of the trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights referred to in this Form 10-K are listed without the ©, ® and ™ symbols, but we will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to our trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights. Seasonality Restaurants typically reduce purchases of equipment in the fourth quarter due to the increased volume of transactions during the holiday period, which may negatively impact sales of our food service technology products or POS printers. Working Capital Inventory, accounts receivable, and accounts payable levels, payment terms, and where applicable, return policies are in accordance with the general practices of the industry and standard business procedures. See also Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this Form 10-K. Certain Significant Customers IGT is our most significant customer. We sell casino and gaming printers and, prior to 2021, online lottery printers to IGT. Although we no longer have an agreement to sell lottery printers to IGT, we expect to continue selling casino and gaming printers to IGT, as well as spare parts for our remaining, but declining, installed base of lottery printers, in the future. Sales to IGT represented 15% and 10% of our total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Backlog Our backlog of firm orders was approximately $10.7 million as of February 29, 2024, compared to $27.5 million as of February 28, 2023. The decrease in firm orders as of February 29, 2024 compared to February 28, 2023 is due primarily to casino and gaming customers placing a large number of advance orders in 2023 due to pandemic-related supply chain shortages that have now begun to cease. Based on customers’ current delivery requirements, we expect to fill and recognize as revenue $10.3 million of our current backlog during 2024, $0.3 million during 2025 and the remaining balance of the amount during 2026. Competition The market for transaction-based and specialty printers, food service technology terminals and related software applications is extremely competitive, and we expect such competition to continue in the future. However, we experience less competition for EPICENTRAL software due to the highly customized nature of the product. We compete with a number of companies, many of which have greater financial, technical and marketing resources than TransAct. We believe our ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors both within and outside our control, including durability, reliability, quality, design capability, product customization, price, customer support, success in developing new products, manufacturing expertise and capacity, supply of component parts and materials, strategic relationships with suppliers, the timing of new product introductions by us and our competitors, general market, economic and political conditions and, in some cases, the uniqueness of our products. In the food service technology market, we primarily compete with CrunchTime! Information Systems, Inc. (including its Zenput and Squadle brands), Jolt Software, Avery Dennison Corporation, Ecolab Inc., ITD Food Safety, CMC Daymark, Integrated Control Corp, Digi International, and Toast. We compete in this market based largely on our ability to provide highly specialized purpose-built hardware products, different software applications that can be chosen by a customer and ongoing technical support. We rely upon third party developed software and hosting services combined with our own proprietary hardware and software to offer a unique BOHA! branded solution to support back-of-house operations in the food service industry. Our competitors or others may develop, or may establish relationships with developers with the capability to develop, software and services that are similar to or competitive with ours, which may be disadvantageous to our competitive position. Certain portions of our food service technology software are licensed from a third party developer on a non-exclusive basis through 2031 and are subject to a revenue sharing arrangement with the developer. We are reliant upon the third party developer to further develop and maintain its developed software, and the developer controls the software source code. The license agreement does not preclude the developer or the Company from working with others on similar products. Also, the third party developer hosts the web- based applications. Therefore, presently, we are highly dependent upon this third party developer for continued service to our customers and the further development of our food service technology software products. In the POS automation market, we primarily compete with Epson America, Inc., which holds a dominant market position. We also compete, to a much lesser extent, with BIXOLON America, Inc., Star Micronics America, Inc. and Citizen - CBM America Corporation. Certain competitors of ours have greater financial resources and lower costs attributable to higher volume production which enables them to occasionally offer lower prices than us. In the casino and gaming market (consisting principally of slot machine printing, VLT and sports betting transaction and promotional coupon printing), we compete with several companies including JCM Global, Nanoptix, Inc., Custom Engineering SPA, Eurocoin and others. Certain of our products sold for casino and gaming applications compete based upon our ability to provide highly specialized products, custom engineering and ongoing technical support. We believe we have increased our market share in casino and gaming during 2022 and 2023 compared to prior years primarily as a result of our largest competitor’s inability to supply product due to supply chain issues, but we that competitor has recently begun to supply product to the market, resulting in a more competitive environment in the casino and gaming market going forward in 2024. The market in which TSG competes is highly fragmented, and we compete with numerous competitors of various sizes, including POS and internet resellers and paper converters depending on the geographic area. 4 Index Our strategy for competing in our markets is to continually develop and/or license new products (hardware and software), such as launching the BOHA! Terminal in 2019 and the BOHA! Terminal 2 in 2023, and product line extensions that are technologically advanced and provide differentiated features and functions, to increase our market penetration, to take advantage of strategic relationships, and to lower the cost of our products by sourcing certain products overseas. Although we believe that our products, operations and relationships provide a competitive foundation, there can be no assurance that we will compete successfully in the future. In addition, our printer products utilize certain thermal printing technologies and licensed software. If new technologies are introduced, or existing technologies evolve, we may be required to incorporate these technologies into our products. Alternatively, if such technologies were to become available to our competitors, our printer products could become obsolete, which could have a significant negative impact on our business. Governmental Regulation The casino and gaming industries are generally subject to extensive and evolving regulation that in many jurisdictions includes licensing or regulatory screening of suppliers, manufacturers and distributors and their applicable affiliates, their major shareholders, officers, directors and key employees. In addition, certain of our casino and gaming products and technologies must be certified or approved in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. Regulators review many facets of an applicant or holder of a license, including its financial stability, integrity and business experience. Any failure to receive a license or the loss of a license that we currently hold could have a material adverse effect on us or on our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. While we believe that we are in compliance with all material casino and gaming laws and regulatory requirements applicable to us, we cannot assure that our activities or the activities of our customers will not become the subject of any regulatory or law enforcement proceeding or that any such proceeding would not have a material adverse impact on us or our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. Environmental Compliance Our compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and discharge of hazardous materials has not had a material impact on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position, and we do not anticipate any material impact from such compliance in the future. Available Information We make available free of charge through the “Investor Relations” tab on our website, www.transact-tech.com, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and all amendments to those reports and statements as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The content on any website referred to in this Form 10-K is not incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K unless expressly noted. Employees As of December 31, 2023, TransAct and our subsidiaries employed 117 persons, all of whom were full-time employees. None of our employees are unionized, and we consider our relationships with our employees to be good. Information about our Executive Officers The following is a list of the names and ages of all executive officers of the registrant, indicating all positions and offices with the registrant held by each such person and each person’s principal occupations and employment during at least the past five years. Name John M. Dillon Steven A. DeMartino Tracey S. Winslow Brent Richtsmeier William J. DeFrances Age 74 54 64 59 59 Position Chief Executive Officer President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary Chief Revenue Officer Chief Technology Officer Vice President & Chief Accounting Officer John M. Dillon was appointed Chief Executive Officer of TransAct on April 4, 2023 and has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Company since 2011. Mr. Dillon has been the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Aerospike, the world’s first flash-optimized database and the fastest database at scale, since January 2022 and served as CEO of Aerospike from January 2015 to January 2022. Prior to joining Aerospike, Mr. Dillon served as CEO of Engine Yard, Inc., the leading cloud platform for automating and developing Ruby on Rails and PHP applications, from 2009 to 2014. He served as CEO for Navis, Inc., a private company specializing in software systems for operating large marine container terminals and distribution centers, from 2002 to 2008. Before Navis, he also served as CEO for Salesforce, Inc. (formerly Salesforce.com) and President and CEO of Hyperion Solutions. He began his career as a Systems Engineer for EDS (Electronic Data Systems) and then moved into a variety of sales management positions for various high-tech companies, including Oracle Corporation. Mr. Dillon holds a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering from the United States Naval Academy and an MBA from Golden Gate University. Steven A. DeMartino was named TransAct’s President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary on June 1, 2010. Previously, Mr. DeMartino served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary from June 2004 to May 2010, Senior Vice President, Finance and Information Technology from October 2001 to May 2004, Vice President and Corporate Controller from January 1998 to October 2001, and Corporate Controller from August 1996 to December 1997. Mr. DeMartino is a certified public accountant. 5 Index Tracey S. Winslow was named Chief Revenue Officer of the Company in March 2023 with responsibility for worldwide sales in all of the Company’s markets. Prior to this appointment, Ms. Winslow served as Senior Vice President, Casino and Gaming Sales from June 2010 to February 2023, with responsibility for the sales and marketing of all casino and gaming products. Previously, Ms. Winslow served as Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing from June 2007 to May 2010, Senior Vice President, Marketing and Sales, POS and Banking with the Company from July 2006 to June 2007, and joined TransAct in May of 2005 as Senior Vice President, Marketing. Prior to joining TransAct, Ms. Winslow was employed with Xerox Corporation where she held the role of Manager, Worldwide Marketing since 2003, and Manager, Sales Operations from 2000 to 2002. She joined Xerox Corporation in 1983. Brent Richtsmeier was named Chief Technology Officer in September 2021. Previously, Mr. Richtsmeier served as Senior Vice President, Software Engineering since joining TransAct in December 2019 and was appointed as an officer of the Company in January 2021. Prior to joining TransAct, Mr. Richtsmeier was employed with Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., an electronics corporation, from May 2004 until November 2017 as the VP of Development where he was responsible for software strategy, software development at scale and business development. In November 2017, Samsung Electronics sold their business products division to HP Inc, and Mr. Richtsmeier transferred to HP Inc to become the Global Head of Cloud and Mobile Software Solutions until joining TransAct in 2019. William J. DeFrances joined TransAct as Vice President & Chief Accounting Officer in July 2022. Mr. DeFrances previously served as Corporate Controller at Omega Engineering, Inc., an electronics and instrumentation company that was, during Mr. DeFrances’ tenure, a subsidiary of Spectris plc, a UK public company listed on the London Stock Exchange, from September 2020 to July 2022. From August 2019 to August 2020, Mr. DeFrances worked as an independent financial consultant. Prior to this, Mr. DeFrances held various positions with United Technologies Corporation (now RTX Corporation, formerly Raytheon Technologies Corporation) (“UTC”) and Sikorsky Aircraft (owned by Lockheed Martin Corporation). Mr. DeFrances previously served as an Associate Director of Military Finance for Pratt & Whitney, a subsidiary of UTC, from October 2018 to August 2019, and the Business Unit Controller, USG/Military and International Military for Sikorsky Aircraft from October 2015 to October 2018. Prior to this, Mr. DeFrances also served as the Assistant Controller, Financial Reporting for Sikorsky Aircraft from 2009 to 2013. In addition, Mr. DeFrances held various accounting and financial roles (VP Treasurer and VP Controller) from 2005 to 2009 at ATMI, Inc. (acquired by Entegris, Inc.), an advanced manufacturing company in the semiconductor industry. Mr. DeFrances is a certified public accountant. There are no family relationships between any of our executive officers and there is no arrangement or understanding between any of such officers and any other person pursuant to which he or she was selected as an officer. Each of our executive officers was elected by the Board of Directors to hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Item 1A. Risk Factors. Investors should carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and other factors described below, as well as other disclosures in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, because they could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and growth prospects. The risks described below are not the only ones facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently believe to be immaterial, may also impair our business operations. In the event that such risks or uncertainties materialize, our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. We assume no obligation (and specifically disclaim any such obligation) to update these Risk Factors or any other forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or other factors affecting such forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Risks Related to our Financial Condition and Future Operating Results We have a history of net losses, we anticipate making further investments in product development and we may not be able to achieve, maintain or increase profitability in future periods. While we generated $4.7 million of net income in 2023, we incurred a net loss of $5.9 million, $4.0 million and $5.6 million in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future. In addition, we anticipate making further investments in product development and may increase expenses in future periods which may affect our ability to maintain or increase profitability. We have expended, and expect to continue to expend, financial and other resources on developing our food service technology business, including expanding our offerings, developing or acquiring new products and services and increasing our sales and marketing efforts. These efforts may be more costly than we expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our food service technology business. Any failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to keep pace with our investments and other expenses could prevent us from maintaining or increasing profitability or positive cash flow on a consistent basis. This risk may be exacerbated by current economic conditions, which have resulted and may continue to result in increased costs and, despite the demand recovery we experienced in 2022 and 2023, have recently resulted, and may continue to result, in decreased demand for our products as customers who placed advance orders due to supply chain disruptions in 2022 and into 2023 pause orders while they sell accumulated inventory. If we are unable to successfully address these risks and challenges as we encounter them, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected. 6 Index Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate. Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year and are likely to continue to vary due to a number of factors, many of which are not within our control. If our operating results do not meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, who may derive their expectations by extrapolating data from recent historical operating results, the market price of our common stock will likely decline. Fluctuations in our operating results and financial condition may occur due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, those identified below and throughout this “Risk Factors” section: • • delays between our expenditures to develop and market new or enhanced products and consumables and the generation of sales from those products; the geographic distribution of our sales and our supply chain; • market acceptance of our products, both domestically and internationally; • • • • • • • • • • • • • development of new competitive products by others; increased levels of competition, including due to the return to market of our largest casino and gaming competitor; our responses to price competition; our level of research and development activities; changes in the amount that we spend to develop, acquire or license new products, consumables, technologies or businesses; changes in the amount we spend to promote our products and services; changes in the cost of satisfying our warranty obligations and servicing our installed base of products; availability of third party components at reasonable prices or at all; general economic and industry conditions, including inflation and changes in interest rates affecting returns on cash balances and investments, that affect customer demand; changes in customer demand as supply chain constraints ease; the dependence of our supply chain on a few, foreign third party manufacturers and suppliers and the impact on our supply chain of product or component shortages and cost increases due to events beyond our control, including inflation and political or social instability such as the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict and conflict in the Middle East and possible expansion of such conflicts; severe weather events, public health crises, military actions and other external events out of our control that can disrupt our operations or the operations of our customers’ or suppliers’ facilities; and changes in accounting rules and regulations. Due to all of the foregoing factors, and the other risks discussed in this Form 10-K, quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results may not be an indicator of future performance. 7 Index Risks Relating to Global Political and Economic Conditions We purchase component parts and consumable products from third party and sole source suppliers, and any interference with this supply chain may impact our ability to manufacture and sell our products. We rely on third party or sole source suppliers to provide certain key components for our products. We do not have guaranteed supply contracts with any of our component suppliers, and our suppliers could delay shipments, increase prices or cease manufacturing or selling such components to us at any time, such as the shortages in global microchip availability we experienced during much of 2022 and 2023. Such disruptions resulted in delays in delivery of products to customers and could in the future result in additional delays, even if we are able to source components from alternate suppliers. Supply chain disruptions have, in the past, impacted our ability to maintain sufficient inventory on hand. As a result, we have paid, and if future disruptions occur we may have to pay in the future, increased shipping charges to expedite our receipt of components and inventory and the delivery of finished products to our customers. In addition, we have incurred increased costs to obtain certain products and components from alternate suppliers when our usual suppliers did not have products available for us, and we may incur such costs in the future if we need to seek alternate suppliers for any of our components. Cost increases and component shortages may be exacerbated by events beyond our control, such as changing economic conditions, inflation, currency and commodity price fluctuations, tariffs, resource availability, transportation costs, weather conditions and natural disasters, political unrest and instability, war (such as the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East) and other factors impacting supply and demand pressures. Recurring or worsening disruptions in the supply chain of such component parts and consumable products could delay our production or release of our new products, cause us to incur additional freight costs and hinder our ability to meet our commitments to customers. If we are unable to obtain sufficient quantity of these components on commercially reasonable terms or in a timely manner, or if we are unable to obtain alternative sources for the components, sales of our products could be delayed or halted entirely or we may have to redesign our products, as we did with certain products in the recent past, to help meet market demand. In addition, supply chain constraints and the resulting delays affected customer ordering habits and customer demand by leading to a temporary increase in advance orders in 2022 and into 2023, which has recently resulted in a decrease in customer demand as customers sell accumulated inventory. It is our expectation that orders will continue to decrease, especially during the first half of 2024, as customers seek to balance inventory levels. Further, there can be no assurance that any cost increases attributable to future supply chain disruptions can be fully offset by price increases, or that we will continue to be able to fulfill orders on time, and continued or prolonged impacts on our supply chain may result in lost sales, reduced gross margins or damage to our end-customer relationships, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial results. Catastrophic events, political unrest or a downturn in economic conditions may disrupt our business. Geopolitical events, social unrest, war or the threat of war, including repercussions of the recent military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East, terrorism, political instability, acts of public violence, boycotts, labor discord or disruptions, hostilities, pandemics or other public health crises, natural disasters or other catastrophic events may cause damage or disruption to our operations or the operations of our customers, international commerce, and the global economy, and thus could harm our business. In particular, the reactions of governments, markets, and the general public to such events, many of which are beyond our control, may result in a number of adverse consequences for our customers, business, operations, and results of operations. For example, the continuing military conflict between Ukraine and Russia, as well as the financial and trade-related restrictions associated with Russia and Belarus and economic sanctions on certain individuals and entities in Russia and Belarus, have impacted international trade relations, and resulted in sustained increases in the cost of materials and components. If the conflict continues to persist or escalates, this may further disrupt global supply chains and could result in shortages of key materials or components that our suppliers require to satisfy our needs. Any increases in the cost, or shortages, of raw materials, components or energy may continue to create supply issues that could constrain manufacturing levels for our products. In addition, based on the complex relationships among China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the United States, there is risk that political, diplomatic, and national security influences might lead to trade, technology, or capital disputes, or disruptions that may affect our business or suppliers in Asia. These tensions may be exacerbated by continuing or new sanctions imposed in connection with the Russia–Ukraine conflict, as there continues to be unwillingness on the part of China to support ongoing or expanded sanctions, which could distance China from its existing trade partners. More recently, both the United States and the European Union have considered imposing sanctions directly on Chinese companies believed to be assisting Russia. Any increase in geopolitical tensions or expansion of sanctions either in Russia or Belarus or against Chinese companies may have a significant negative impact on our business or on the regional or global economy. In the event of a major earthquake, hurricane or catastrophic event such as fire, power loss, telecommunications failure, cyber-attack, war or terrorist attack, we may be unable to continue our operations and may endure system interruptions, reputational harm, breaches of data security, and loss of critical data, all of which would harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, the insurance we maintain would likely not be adequate to cover our losses resulting from disasters or other business interruptions. Any downturn in the economy in general, including any lingering economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic (including inflation and supply chain disruptions) and the impact of the Russia–Ukraine conflict and the Middle East conflict, or in the food service or casino and gaming industries in particular could result in reduced demand for our products and could adversely affect our business and results of operations. In addition, heightened security measures or responses to hostilities may cause certain governments to restrict the import or export of goods, as has occurred with respect to the export of oil from Russia, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to buy and sell goods or on the cost to obtain components. 8 Index Risks Related to Our Operations Our food service technology business depends substantially on our customers renewing their subscriptions with the Company. Any decline in our customer renewals could harm our food service technology business, results of operations and financial condition. Our subscription offerings are term-based, and in order for us to maintain or improve our results of operations, it is important that our customers renew their subscriptions with us when the existing subscription term expires and renew on the same terms or terms more favorable to the Company. Our customers have no obligation to renew their applications and subscriptions, and they may not renew one or more of their applications as they are purchased separately and individually. We also may not be able to accurately predict customer renewal rates. Customers may elect not to renew their subscriptions with us for a variety of reasons, including as a result of changes in their strategic priorities, budgets and costs and, in some instances, due to competing solutions. Our retention rate may also decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of other factors, including our customers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our solutions, the increase in the contract value of subscription and support contracts from new customers, the effectiveness of our customer support services, our pricing, the prices of competing products or services, global economic conditions and the other risk factors described herein. As a result, there can be no assurance that our food service technology customers will renew any or all of their individually purchased application subscriptions. If our customers do not renew their subscriptions or renew on less favorable terms, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected. Because we rely in part on revenue from subscription contracts and recognize revenue from subscription contracts over the term of the relevant subscription period, downturns or upturns in sales are not immediately reflected in full in our results of operations. Subscription services revenue accounts for a growing portion of our food service technology revenue. Sales of new or renewal subscription contracts may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including customers’ level of satisfaction with our solutions, the prices of our subscriptions, the prices and features of products or subscriptions offered by our competitors, reductions in our customers’ spending levels, or other changes in consumer behavior. If our sales of new or renewal subscription contracts decline, our revenue and revenue growth may decline. We recognize subscription revenue ratably over the term of the relevant subscription period, which is generally 12 months in duration. As a result, much of the subscription revenue we report each quarter is derived from subscription contracts that we sold in prior quarters. Consequently, a decline in new or renewed subscription contracts in any one quarter will not be fully reflected in revenue in that quarter but will negatively affect our revenue in future quarters. Accordingly, the effect of significant downturns in new or renewal sales of our subscriptions is not reflected in full in our results of operations in a given period. Also, it is difficult for us to rapidly increase our subscription revenue through additional sales in any period, as revenue from new and renewal subscription contracts must be recognized ratably over the applicable subscription period. Furthermore, any increases in the average term of subscription contracts would result in revenue for those subscription contracts being recognized over longer periods of time. Our calculation of recurring revenue and average revenue per user (“ARPU”) may differ from how other SaaS-based companies calculate such metrics; our definitions include sales of our consumable labels, which generally fluctuate from period to period. We use recurring revenue and ARPU as performance indicators in connection with our food service technology market, and we include consumable label sales, in addition to subscription software, extended warranty and service contracts, in our calculation of these metrics. Consumable labels are not sold on a subscription basis or subject to any minimum purchase requirements. In addition, our label sales typically fluctuate and are dependent upon the current demand from food service and restaurant customers, which may be affected by factors such as general economic downturns and seasonality. As a result, our use and definitions of recurring revenue and ARPU may not be comparable with, and may be subject to increased fluctuation relative to, those of other SaaS-based companies that do not include non-subscription components such as label sales in their definitions of recurring revenue or ARPU. Overestimates or underestimates in our manufacturing forecasts could cause us to hold insufficient or excess inventory or result in delays in the manufacturing and delivery of our products, which could interfere with our ability to retain orders or provide services to our customers. If we fail to predict our manufacturing requirements accurately, we could incur additional costs or experience manufacturing delays. We currently use a rolling 12-month forecast based primarily on our anticipated product orders and our product order history to help determine our requirements for components and materials. It is important that we accurately predict both the demand for our products and the lead-time required to obtain the necessary components and raw materials. We have also modified our products in the past to substitute available components in the place of those that have become scarce or difficult to obtain, and in some instances have identified alternate sources for certain components. Lead times for materials and components that we order vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, the size of the order, contract terms, and demand for each component at a given time, as well as supply shortages with respect to raw materials needed to produce the components. If we underestimate our requirements, or if we are unable to obtain components on time due to supply shortages, as has occurred in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and global supply chain disruptions, we may have inadequate manufacturing capacity or inventory, which could interrupt manufacturing of our products and interfere with our ability to timely deliver products to our customers and adversely impact our sales. If we overestimate our requirements, we could have excess inventory of parts and finished products. Some of the actions we have taken to meet customer demand in the face of supply chain disruptions have raised our costs and decreased margins on our products, and any such actions that we take in the future could have a similar effect. Any future underestimate or overestimate of supply requirements, and any actions we may take in the future to navigate supply chain disruptions, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 9 Index We depend on key personnel, the loss of whom could have a material adverse impact on our business. Our future success may depend in significant part upon the continued service of certain key management and other personnel. There can be no assurance that we will be able to recruit and retain such personnel. The loss of either John M. Dillon, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, or Steven A. DeMartino, the Company’s President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, or the loss of certain groups of key employees, such as our or sales and engineering teams, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Our ability to recruit, retain, and develop qualified personnel is critical to our success and growth. To successfully compete and grow our business, we must recruit, develop and retain highly qualified managerial, technical and sales and marketing personnel. In addition, we must develop, maintain and, as necessary, implement appropriate succession plans to ensure we have the necessary human resources capable of maintaining continuity in our business. The market for qualified personnel is competitive, and we may not succeed in recruiting additional personnel or may fail to effectively replace current personnel who depart with qualified or effective successors. Our effort to retain and develop personnel may also result in significant additional expenses, which could adversely affect our profitability. We are also substantially dependent on our sales force to obtain new customers and increase sales to existing customers. There is significant competition for sales personnel with the skills and technical knowledge that we require. Our ability to achieve significant revenue growth will depend, in large part, on our success in recruiting, training, and retaining a sufficient number of sales personnel to support our growth. If we are unable to hire, train, and retain a sufficient number of qualified and successful sales personnel, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be harmed. If we fail to offer high quality support, our business and reputation could suffer. Our customers rely on us and our third party service providers for support of our software and services included in our food service technology subscription packages. High-quality support is important for the renewal and expansion of our agreements with existing customers. The importance of high-quality support will increase as we expand our business and pursue new customers. If we or our third party service providers do not help our customers quickly resolve issues and provide effective ongoing support, our ability to sell new food service technology products to existing and new customers could suffer and our reputation and relationships with existing or potential customers could be harmed. We experience elements of seasonal fluctuations in the food service technology and POS markets which could cause our stock price to fluctuate. Our food service technology business is highly dependent on the behavior patterns of our customers and their guests. Restaurants typically reduce purchases of equipment in the fourth calendar quarter due to the increased volume of transactions during the holiday period, which may negatively impact sales of our food service technology products or POS printers during that period. As a result, seasonality may cause fluctuations in our financial results, and other trends that develop may similarly impact our results of operations. Risks Related to Product Development Our revenue and profitability depend on our ability to continue to develop or license, on a timely basis, new products and technologies which are free from hardware or software anomalies and cannot be fraudulently manipulated, and customer acceptance of such products. Our success depends upon our, and our development partners’, ability to timely adapt our capabilities and processes to meet the demands of producing new and innovative products. Because our newer products contain software and generally are more technologically sophisticated than those we have produced in the past, we must continually refine our capabilities to meet the needs of our product innovation. In addition, the food service technology industry continues to experience technological developments and innovations (such as the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning), and if we are unable to provide enhancements and new features and integrations for our existing platform, or if we are unable to efficiently adapt our infrastructure to meet the needs of our product innovations in a timely manner, our business could be negatively impacted. In addition, even if we, or developers on our behalf, successfully develop such products, there is no assurance that our innovations will be accepted by our customers. Developing and marketing new products, such as our line of BOHA! products, is costly, and our business could be materially adversely affected if we are unable to generate sales of such products or if our existing or new customers do not quickly accept such products. Customer acceptance is crucial because new products typically have little competition and market penetration due to their novelty. Customer acceptance of new products is never assured and may take time to materialize, even with respect to products developed with customer input. In addition, we may not be able to obtain necessary registrations, licenses, permits or regulatory approvals for new products in the casino and gaming market on a timely basis or at all, which may adversely affect our ability to develop such products. Further, technological innovation often results in unintended consequences such as bugs, vulnerabilities, and other system failures. Any such bug, vulnerability, or failure, especially in connection with a significant technical implementation or change, could result in lost business, harm to our brand or reputation, consumer complaints, and other adverse consequences, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. 10 Index Risks Related to Intellectual Property and Data Security Cybersecurity and privacy breaches, cyber-attacks, or other disruptions could expose us to liability, affect our business, and damage our reputation. We are increasingly dependent on our information technology systems and infrastructure for our business. We collect, store, and transmit sensitive information including intellectual property, proprietary business information and personal information of employees and, to a lesser extent, customers in connection with business operations. The secure maintenance of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Some of this information could be an attractive target of criminal attack by third parties with a wide range of motives and expertise, including organized criminal groups, disgruntled current or former employees, and others. Cyber-attacks are of ever-increasing levels of sophistication, and despite our extensive security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to such attacks or may be breached, including due to employee error or malfeasance. Further, our BOHA! applications are hosted within cloud platforms that are managed by third parties. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen, and our business operations may be interrupted. If our systems become compromised, we may not promptly discover the intrusion. In addition, the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to networks, or to sabotage IT systems, change frequently, including through the use of artificial intelligence and generally are not recognized until launched against a target. We may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Like other companies in our industry, we have experienced attacks to our data and systems, including malware and computer viruses that we have been able to detect and eliminate. In addition, as disclosed on November 16, 2022, a criminal cybersecurity incident temporarily impacted our operational and information technology systems. If our systems fail or are breached or disrupted by other future attacks, we could lose product sales, and suffer reputational damage and loss of customer confidence. Such incidents could require notification to affected individuals and may result in legal claims or proceedings and liability under federal and state laws that protect the privacy and security of personal information. If third parties use a cyber-attack to gain access to our proprietary information, they may sell it or use it to duplicate our products, which could put us at a competitive disadvantage. Any one of these events could cause our business to be materially harmed and our results of operations to be adversely impacted, and there can be no assurance that the insurance that we maintain to address certain aspects of cybersecurity risks will be sufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise. These risks may be exacerbated by global political unrest. For example, the Russia–Ukraine conflict and related sanctions imposed by the U.S. government may expose government entities and public and private U.S. companies to attempted or actual cyber-security attacks launched in retaliation, and these attacks could materially disrupt our supply chain or our systems and operations or those of our customers and suppliers. See Part I, Item 1C. Cybersecurity, of this Form 10-K discussed below for information regarding our cybersecurity risk management practices. The inability to protect our intellectual property rights could harm our reputation, damage our business or interfere with our competitive position. Our intellectual property is valuable and provides us with certain competitive advantages. Copyrights, patents, trademarks, service marks, trade secrets, technology licensing agreements, nondisclosure agreements and contracts are used to protect these proprietary rights. Despite these precautions, it may be possible for third parties to copy aspects of our products or, without authorization, to obtain and use information that we regard as trade secrets. Our pending patents may be denied, and our patents may be circumvented by our competitors. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights as fully as do the laws of the United States. There can be no assurance that our means of protecting our proprietary rights in the United States or abroad will be adequate or that competing companies will not independently develop similar technologies. Our failure to adequately protect our proprietary rights could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position and our business. Prosecuting or defending against intellectual property litigation could be time consuming and costly, and claims that we have infringed upon the intellectual property rights of others could impede our business and put us at a competitive disadvantage. Prosecuting and defending against intellectual property litigation is generally complex, costly, protracted, and highly disruptive to business operations by diverting the attention and energies of management and key technical personnel. We are committed to aggressively asserting and defending our technology and related intellectual property rights, which we have spent a significant amount of money to develop. Similarly, third parties have claimed and may claim, from time to time in the future, that we have violated their intellectual property rights. In the event that a court rules that we have violated a third party’s patent or other intellectual property rights, we may be prevented from operating our business as planned and may be required to pay damages, to obtain a license, if available, or to use a non-infringing method, if possible, to accomplish our objectives. Litigation relating to any such claims could be costly and, if successful, could result in costly judgments or settlements, and there can be no assurance that a license or a substitute technology will be available on favorable terms, or at all. Any such outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 11 Index Risks Related to Our Partners and Suppliers We rely on an unrelated third party to develop, maintain and host certain portions of our food service technology software, and any disruption in the relationship with that third party, or any defects in the software provided by that third party, could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. We rely upon third party developed software and hosting services combined with our own proprietary hardware and software to offer our unique BOHA! branded solution to support back-of-house operations in the food service industry. Certain web-based food service application software and selected components of our downloadable software applications are licensed from a third party developer on a non-exclusive basis through 2031 and are subject to a revenue sharing arrangement with the developer. We are reliant upon the third party developer to further develop and maintain its developed software, and the developer controls the software source code. Therefore, presently, we are highly dependent on this third party developer for continued service to our customers and the further development of our food service technology software products. If the software provider were to terminate operations or otherwise be unavailable to provide maintenance, hosting and development services to us and our customers, the availability or usage of our software products could be disrupted and our customers could be adversely affected. In any such case, we may need to seek comparable software and services from other third parties or develop it internally, which could require significant time and expense. There can be no assurance that such software or services would be available from other sources, or that if available, they would be of comparable quality and cost. Moreover, any efforts to develop new software, whether internal or by third parties, would require significant lead time, and there could be an interruption in service during any period in which the software provider ceases to provide products and services and new products remain under development. Any such occurrence could materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any errors or defects in, or failures of, third party software or applications could result in errors or defects in or failures of our food service technology products and services, which could be costly to correct and have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. We are currently dependent upon a manufacturer located in Thailand for the manufacturing and assembly of substantially all of our printers and terminals, and any further or future disruption in the businesses or operations of this manufacturer, such as those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, political, social or economic instability, war, trade restrictions or tariffs, severe weather, changes in climate, additional public health crises and other events out of our control could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In an effort to maximize cost savings and operational benefits, we have outsourced substantially all of the manufacturing and assembly of our printers and terminals to a contract manufacturer located in Thailand. As a result, we are dependent on them for the manufacturing of our products, and any disruption in such manufacturing or the export of products from this manufacturer to the U.S. may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Risks affecting the businesses and operations of our manufacturer in Thailand include: political and regional strife; war; labor shortages; severe weather and natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, fires, and floods, whether as a result of climate change or otherwise; lengthy power outages; increased pricing, financial instability and capacity constraints of shippers; government imposition of tariffs which may impact the cost or availability of products or components that we purchase; and concerns with or threats of public health crises, contagious diseases or health epidemics. Though we are seeking a second source, the risk to our business posed by any disruption in manufacturing is exacerbated by the concentration of substantially all of our manufacturing operations in one manufacturer located in Thailand. If the contract manufacturer is unable to manufacture our products or continue operating its facilities, as occurred in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, we will have limited means for the final assembly of a majority of our products until we are able to secure the manufacturing capability at another facility or develop an alternative manufacturing facility, which could be costly and time consuming and have a material adverse effect on our operating and financial results. We may also incur increased business continuity and reputational risks to the extent that we continue to outsource the manufacturing and assembly of our products to foreign third party service providers. For example, outsourcing of manufacturing prevents us from exercising control over the assembly of certain of our products and related operations or processes, including the internal controls associated with operations and processes conducted and the quality of our products assembled by contract manufacturers. If we are unable to effectively manage and oversee our outsourcing strategy, we may not realize cost structure efficiencies and our operating and financial results could be materially adversely affected. Outsourcing also exposes us to increased risk of infringement or misappropriation of our intellectual property, to which our manufacturers have access. Because our manufacturer is located in Asia, there is no guarantee that our intellectual property rights will be protected or enforced to the same extent as under U.S. federal and state laws. Consequently, we may not be able to prevent third parties from developing or selling products made using our technologies. We rely on distributors and resellers to sell our products and services. We use a variety of distribution channels, including OEMs and distributors, to market and sell our products and services. We may be adversely impacted by any conflicts that could arise between and among our various sales channels. 12 Index Our dependence upon distributors and resellers exposes us to numerous risks, including: • • • • • loss of channel and the ability to bring new products to market; concentration of credit risk, including disruption in distribution should the distributors, and / or resellers’ financial condition deteriorate; reduced visibility to end user demand and pricing issues which makes forecasting more difficult; distributors or resellers leveraging their buying power to change the terms of pricing, payment and product delivery schedules; and direct competition should a distributor or reseller decide to manufacture printers internally or source printers from a competitor. We cannot guarantee that resellers will not reduce, delay or eliminate purchases from us, which could have a material adverse effect upon the business, consolidated results of operations and financial condition. We currently rely on third party service providers to host our food service technology software and deliver certain services, and any interruptions or delays in services from these third parties could impair the delivery of our products and services, and our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. We rely on a third party service provider to host our food service technology software. Third parties also provide services to key aspects of our operations, including Internet connections and networking, data storage and processing, trust and safety and security infrastructure. We do not control the operation, physical security, or data security of any of these third party providers. Our efforts to use commercially reasonable diligence in the selection and retention of such third party providers may be insufficient or inadequate to prevent or remediate such operational and security risks. Our third party providers may be subject to intrusions, computer viruses, denial-of-service attacks, sabotage, acts of vandalism, acts of terrorism or other misconduct. They are vulnerable to damage or interruption from power loss, telecommunications failures, fires, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, and similar events, and they may be subject to financial, legal, regulatory, and labor issues, each of which may impose additional costs or requirements on us or prevent these third parties from providing services to us or our customers on our behalf. From time to time, our software maintained by these third parties has experienced brief interruptions in service which we have been able to resolve promptly by working with the third party providers, and there may be future such interruptions that could have a material adverse effect on our customer relationships or be more costly or time-consuming to resolve. In addition, these third parties may breach their agreements with us, disagree with our interpretation of contract terms or applicable laws and regulations, refuse to continue or renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms or at all, fail to or refuse to process transactions or provide other services adequately, take actions that degrade the functionality of our platform and services, increase prices, impose additional costs or requirements on us or our customers, or give preferential treatment to our competitors. If we are unable to procure alternatives in a timely and efficient manner and on acceptable terms, or at all, we may be subject to business disruptions, losses, or costs to remediate any of these deficiencies. The occurrence of any of the above events could result in reputational damage, legal or regulatory proceedings, loss of customers or other adverse consequences, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Risks Related to Competition, Sales and Marketing We compete in highly competitive markets, which are likely to become more competitive. Competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technology and changes in customer requirements. We face significant competition in developing and selling our printers, terminals, software, consumables and services. Our principal competitors have substantial marketing, financial, development and personnel resources. To remain competitive, we believe we must continue to provide: • • • • technologically advanced products that satisfy user demands; superior customer service; high levels of quality and reliability; and dependable and efficient distribution networks. We cannot ensure we will be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors. Increased competition may result in price reductions, lower gross profit margins and loss of market share, and could require increased spending on research and development, sales and marketing and customer support. For example, we believe our largest competitor in the casino and gaming market has begun to resume supplying product and will likely continue to do so at an increasing rate throughout 2024, which we anticipate will result in a more competitive environment in the casino and gaming market going forward and may cause downward pricing pressure or a loss of market share that we believe we have gained while the competitor was unable to supply product. Any such occurrence could negatively impact our worldwide casino and gaming sales. In addition, some competitors may make strategic acquisitions or establish cooperative relationships with suppliers or companies that produce complementary products, which may include relationships with our software developer. Any of these factors could reduce our earnings. 13 Index Our food service technology market operates in an emerging and evolving industry, which makes it difficult to evaluate the future prospects of this market. We launched our BOHA! offering in 2019 and have grown our food service technology significantly since then. This is still an emerging market that is continually evolving as technology develops to automate back-of-house tasks that were historically performed manually. This evolving nature of the food service technology market may make it difficult to evaluate our future prospects in this market and the risks and challenges we may encounter. These risks and challenges include, but are not limited to, our ability to: • • • • accurately forecast our revenue and plan our operating expenses; increase the number of customers (and retain existing customers and their guests) using our platform; successfully compete with current and future competitors; successfully expand our market presence in existing markets and enter new markets and geographies; • maintain and enhance the value of our reputation and brand; • • • • develop and maintain strategic relationships with other market participants that provide complementary products; adapt to rapidly evolving trends in the ways our customers interact with technology, including through the use of emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies; timely respond to customer needs with technology developments that enable our products to evolve to meet the changing demands of the marketplace; avoid interruptions or disruptions in our service; • manage the risk of loss relating to food safety issues if there is a failure of our offerings designed to help in part to assure perishable goods are safely preserved; Risks Related to Our Customers We are dependent on sales to one large customer; the loss of this customer or reduction in orders from this customer could materially affect our sales. Casino and gaming sales and lottery printer spare parts sales to IGT represent a material percentage of our net sales. A reduction, delay or cancellation in orders from this customer, including reductions or delays due to market, economic, or competitive conditions in the industries in which we serve, could have a material adverse effect upon our results of operations. Risks Associated with Determining and Pursuing Strategic Initiatives and Business Growth Our success may depend in part on our ability to identify and pursue the best long-term strategy for our business. We have engaged a strategic advisor to assist in determining the best long-term strategy for the business. Accordingly, we may seek to pursue any number of alternative strategies, which may include acquisitions, dispositions, financings and/or the development and implementation of new strategies designed to grow our business. Regardless of what strategy we ultimately determine to pursue, we continue to seek to grow our business. Assuming growth occurs, it will require the expansion of customer relationships in domestic and international markets, the successful development and marketing of new products for our existing and new customers, expanded internal sales and marketing, customer service and support, the continued implementation and improvement of our operational, financial and management information systems and the dedication of a significant amount of additional resources and increased expenditures to support such additional resources. No timetable has been established for our review of the best long-term strategy for our business, and we do not intend to disclose developments or provide updates on the progress or status of our ongoing review until our Board of Directors deems such disclosure is appropriate or required. During the course of this review, perceived uncertainties related to our future may result in the loss of potential business opportunities and volatility in our stock price and may make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified personnel and business partners. Acquisitions, dispositions and other strategic transactions involve a number of risks, including: (i) the potential disruption of our ongoing business; (ii) the distraction of management away from the ongoing oversight of our existing business activities; (iii) if we determined to pursue a disposition strategy, we may not be able to identify, pursue and close a transaction that provides adequate value to the Company and its stockholders; (iv) the potential departure of key personnel during the negotiation or pendency of a transaction; (v) the loss or reduction of control over certain of our assets; (vi) the anticipated benefits and cost savings of those transactions not being realized fully, or at all, or taking longer to realize than anticipated; (vii) an increase in the scope and complexity of our operations or the management of our business subsequent to a transaction; (viii) incurring additional indebtedness or the potential sale of additional shares of our common stock in public or private offerings to finance acquisitions or strategic transactions, which may be dilutive to existing stockholders or cause the price of our common stock to decline; and (ix) the depletion of cash to pay for an acquisition. 14 Index There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully implement a growth strategy, or that we can successfully manage expanded operations, if they occur. If we expand, we may from time-to-time experience constraints that will adversely affect our ability to satisfy customer demand in a timely fashion. Failure to manage growth effectively could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Further, there can be no assurance that we will find suitable opportunities for strategic transactions at acceptable prices or on acceptable terms, be successful in negotiating required agreements, obtain sufficient financing on acceptable terms or at all if necessary, successfully close transactions after signing such agreements, or that any resulting transaction will have a positive effect on stockholder value. A strategic transaction may result in a significant change in the nature of our business, operations and strategy, and we may encounter unforeseen obstacles or costs in implementing a strategic transaction. Risks Related to Our International Operations In addition to maintaining offices in the UK, Macau and Thailand, we sell and ship a significant portion of our products internationally and rely on third parties that make up part of our global salesforce. The international nature of our operations may expose us to certain risks associated with doing business outside of the U.S., including risks posed by tariffs and changes in trade relations. We sell a significant amount of our products to customers outside the United States. Shipments to international customers are expected to continue to account for a material portion of net sales. In addition, our manufacturer and suppliers are largely located in Asia. As a result, our products are largely exported to one of our facilities in the United States, which makes our operations vulnerable to disruptions in trade that could adversely affect our business results. Our international operations, including our reliance on manufacturers and suppliers located in Asia, our worldwide sales team, and our sales to customers located outside the United States, expose us to disruptions in trade and other associated risks such as: • • • • • • • • the imposition of additional duties, tariffs, quotas, taxes, trade barriers, capital flow restrictions and other charges on imports and exports by the United States or the governments of the countries in which we or our manufacturers and suppliers operate; delays in the delivery of cargo due to port security considerations, labor disputes such as dock strikes, and our reliance on a limited number of shipping and air carriers, which may experience capacity issues that adversely affect our ability to ship inventory in a timely manner or for an acceptable cost; fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies, which could restrict sales, or increase costs of purchasing, in foreign countries; economic or political instability in any of the countries in which we or our manufacturers or suppliers operate, which could result in a reduction in demand for our products due to political and economic instability or impair our foreign assets; a reduced ability or inability to sell in or purchase from certain markets as a result of export or import restrictions; potentially limited intellectual property protection in certain countries, such as China, may limit recourse against infringing products or cause us to refrain from selling in certain geographic territories; difficulties staffing and managing foreign operations; and economic uncertainties and adverse economic conditions (including inflation and recession). Our business interruption insurance does not cover all possible situations, and there can be no assurance that the coverage would be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur in the event of a disruption. In addition, the business interruption insurance would not compensate us for the loss of opportunity and potential adverse impact, both short-term and long-term, on relations with our existing customers resulting from our inability to produce products for them. Risks Related to Regulations, Taxation, Governance and the Environment If market conditions deteriorate or future results of operations are less than expected, a valuation allowance may be required for all or a portion of our deferred tax assets. We currently have deferred tax assets, which may be used to reduce taxable income in the future. We assess the realization of these deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis, and if we determine that it is more likely than not that some portion of these assets will not be realized, an income tax valuation allowance is recorded. If market conditions deteriorate or future results of operations are less than expected, or there is a change to applicable tax rules, future assessments may result in a determination that it is more likely than not that some or all of our net deferred tax assets are not realizable. As a result, we may need to establish a valuation allowance for all or a portion of our net deferred tax assets, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. 15 Index Changes in tax rates or tax liabilities could affect results. We are subject to taxation in the United States and certain state and foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required to determine and estimate our tax liabilities. Our future annual and quarterly tax rates could be affected by numerous factors, including changes in the (1) applicable tax laws; (2) composition of earnings in countries with differing tax rates; or (3) recoverability of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. Beginning in 2022, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”) eliminated the existing option to deduct research and development expenditures and requires taxpayers to amortize them over five years pursuant to IRC Section 174. The requirement is not expected to materially impact our cash flows. Any of these developments or any future changes in federal, state, or international tax laws or tax rulings could adversely affect our effective tax rate and our results of operations. Risks Related to our Indebtedness The agreement governing our credit facility contains restrictions and limitations that could significantly affect our ability to operate our business, as well as significantly affect our liquidity. The loan and security agreement (the “Loan and Security Agreement”) governing the Siena Credit Facility contains a number of significant covenants that could adversely affect our ability to operate our business, our liquidity, and our results of operations. These covenants restrict, among other things, our ability, and the ability of any future domestic subsidiary, to: • merge, consolidate, form subsidiaries or dispose of assets; • • • acquire assets outside the ordinary course of business; enter into other transactions outside the ordinary course of business; sell, transfer, return or dispose of collateral; • make loans to or investments in, or enter into transactions with, affiliates; • • • • incur or guarantee indebtedness, incur liens; redeem equity interests while borrowings are outstanding under the credit facility; change our capital structure; or dissolve, divide, change our line of business or cease or suffer a disruption to all or a material portion of our business. Additionally, the Loan Agreement requires us to comply with a minimum excess availability covenant, which requires excess borrowing availability of at least $750 thousand and the Loan Agreement requires us to maintain outstanding borrowings of at least $2,250,000 in principal amount. The breach of any covenants or obligations in the Loan Agreement, if not otherwise waived or amended, could result in a default under the Loan Agreement and could trigger acceleration of our obligations thereunder and permit the lender to foreclose on the collateral securing our obligations under the Loan Agreement and exercise other rights of secured creditors. Availability under the Siena Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base, which is based on eligible accounts receivable and inventory. To the extent that our eligible accounts receivable and inventory decline in value, our borrowing base will decrease, and the availability under the Siena Credit Facility currently is and may continue to be less than its stated amount and may decrease. In addition, if at any time the amount of outstanding borrowings and letters of credit under that facility exceeds the borrowing base, we are required to prepay borrowings and/or cash collateralize letters of credit sufficient to eliminate the excess. Our ability to comply with the covenants under the Loan Agreement or to maintain our borrowing base may be affected by events beyond our control, including deteriorating economic conditions. For example, reductions in the value of accounts receivable and inventory may occur in the future due to decreases in sales and production resulting from the impact of future economic uncertainties. Further, certain slow-moving inventory and accounts receivable that remain unpaid for a specified period of time are excluded from the borrowing base calculation. Thus, a decline in economic conditions and/or a decline in the financial condition of customers in the industries we serve may negatively impact the borrowing base both by decreasing the value of existing accounts and reducing the number and amount of new accounts. If we overestimate our inventory needs due to the uncertainty surrounding future economic conditions, we may have inventory that is considered slow-moving and thus excluded from the borrowing base calculation, and any reduction in production in response to decreased demand would also result in a lower inventory value and thus a lower borrowing base. Any of these events could require us to seek waivers or amendments of covenants or alternative sources of financing or to reduce expenditures. We cannot assure you that such waivers, amendments or alternative financing could be obtained, or if obtained, would be on terms acceptable to us, or that we would be able to reduce expenditures enough to offset any decrease in the borrowing base, or that we could make such reductions without a material negative impact on our business. 16 Index General Risk Factors General economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. Our business is subject to general economic conditions. Uncertainty or negative trends in U.S. or international economic and investment climates, including the impact of developments in U.S.-China trade relations, as well as economic impacts from the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the Middle East conflict, and the current inflation surge attributable in part to supply chain disruptions, could adversely affect our business. For example, customers or potential customers could reduce or delay orders, key suppliers could become insolvent, which could result in production delays, and our customers may become insolvent or be unable to obtain credit. Any of these possible effects could impact our ability to effectively manage inventory levels and collect receivables, create unabsorbed costs due to lower net sales, and ultimately decrease our net sales and profitability including write-downs of assets. Our stock price may fluctuate significantly. The market price of our common stock could fluctuate significantly in response to variations in quarterly operating results and other factors, such as: • • • • • • • • prevailing domestic and international market and economic conditions, and conditions in the industries we serve, including current market volatility, inflation and rising interest rates and any lingering economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic; adverse business conditions faced by customers, or bankruptcies or store closures of our customers resulting from adverse economic conditions due to inflation or otherwise; changes in our business, operations or prospects; developments in our relationships with our customers or strategic partners; announcements of new products or services by us or by our competitors; announcement or completion of acquisitions by us or by our competitors; changes in existing, or adoption of additional, government regulations; and unfavorable or reduced analyst coverage. In addition, the stock market may experience significant price fluctuations year-to-year. Broad market fluctuations, general economic conditions and specific conditions in the industries in which we operate may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Unfavorable analyst coverage or a reduction in analyst coverage of our common stock may adversely affect the price of our common stock. The trading market for our common stock relies in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts may publish about us, our business, our markets and our competitors. We currently have limited analyst coverage, and many investment banks no longer find it profitable to provide securities research on micro-cap and small-cap companies. If securities analysts do not cover our common stock in the future, the lack of research coverage may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Furthermore, if one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock, or if those analysts issue other unfavorable commentary about us or our business, our stock price may decline. Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the average daily trading volume for our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market was approximately 22,000 shares. We are uncertain whether a more active trading market in our common stock will develop. As a result, relatively small trades may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock, which could increase the volatility and depress the price of our common stock. Our common stock is thinly traded, and investors may be unable to sell their shares at their desired prices, or at all, and sales of large blocks of shares may adversely affect the price of our common stock. Our common stock has historically been sporadically or “thinly” traded, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing shares of our common stock at prevailing prices at any given time may be relatively small. This could lead to wide fluctuations in our share price. Investors may be unable to sell their common stock at or above their purchase price, which may result in substantial losses. As a consequence of this lack of liquidity, the trading of relatively small quantities of shares by our stockholders may disproportionately influence the price of shares of our common stock in either direction. The price of shares of our common stock could, for example, decline precipitously in the event a large number of shares of our common stock are sold on the market without commensurate demand, while an issuer with a more robust daily trading volume for its common stock might better absorb those sales without an adverse impact on its share price. 17 Index If we raise additional capital in the future, existing stockholder ownership interest in the Company could be diluted or otherwise adversely impacted, and future sales of our common stock or other financing arrangements may cause our stock price to decline. In the future, we may sell additional shares of our common stock in public or private offerings, or we may obtain funds through a credit facility or by issuing debt or preferred securities. We may also issue additional shares of our common stock to finance future acquisitions. Shares of our common stock are also available for future issuance and sale pursuant to stock options and other equity awards that we have granted to our employees, and in the future, we may grant additional stock options, restricted stock units and other forms of equity compensation to our employees. Any issuance of equity we may undertake in the future to raise additional capital could cause the price of our common stock to decline, or require us to issue shares at a price that is lower than that paid by holders of our common stock in the past, which would result in those newly issued shares being dilutive. Sales of our common stock or the perception that such sales could occur may adversely affect prevailing market prices for shares of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through future offerings. The lender under our existing debt agreement has rights that are senior to your rights as a common stockholder, and if we obtain funds in the future through a credit facility or through the issuance of debt or preferred securities, the lenders of such facility or the holders of such securities would likely also have rights senior to the rights of our common stockholders, which could impair the value of our common stock. We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future, so investors must rely on price appreciation to realize a gain on their investment. We have not declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock since November 2019. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance our operations and the expansion of our food service technology business, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize future gains on their investments. We cannot provide any assurance that current laws, or any laws enacted in the future, will not have a material adverse effect on our business. Our operations are subject to laws, rules, regulations, including environmental regulations, government policies and other requirements in a variety of jurisdictions, including those in which we conduct business. Changes in such laws, rules, regulations, policies or requirements could result in the need to modify our products, could delay the development of new products and could affect the demand for our products, which may have an adverse impact on our future operating results. If we do not comply with applicable laws, rules and regulations we could be subject to costs and liabilities and our business may be adversely impacted. We take advantage of specified scaled disclosure requirements applicable to a “smaller reporting company” under Regulation S-K, and the information that we provide to stockholders may therefore be different than they might receive from other public companies. If some investors find our shares of common stock less attractive as a result of this scaled disclosure, there may be a less active trading market for our shares of common stock, which may increase the volatility of the market price of our common stock. We are a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. As a smaller reporting company, we take advantage of specified scaled disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. We intend to continue to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosure requirements of smaller reporting companies and may continue to do so until we are no longer a smaller reporting company. We will cease to be a smaller reporting company if we have (i) equal to or greater than $250 million in market value of our shares held by non-affiliates as of the last business day of our second fiscal quarter and (ii) if the market value of our shares held by non- affiliates does not exceed $700 million as of the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, equal to or greater than $100 million of annual revenues in our most recent fiscal year. We choose to take advantage of some but not all of these scaled disclosure requirements; therefore, the information that we provide stockholders may be different than one might get from other public companies. If some investors find our shares of common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our shares of common stock and the market price of such shares of common stock may be more volatile. Our Amended and Restated By-Laws designate certain Delaware courts as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or stockholders. Our Amended and Restated By-Laws (the “By-Laws”) provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, all Internal Corporate Claims must be brought solely and exclusively in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if such court declines to accept jurisdiction, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware, or, if such other court declines to accept jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware). The By-Laws define “Internal Corporate Claims” to mean claims, including claims in the right of the Company, brought by a current or former stockholder (including a current or former beneficial owner) (i) that are based upon a violation of a duty by a current or former director or officer or stockholder in such capacity or (ii) as to which the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware confers jurisdiction upon the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. This choice of forum provision may increase costs to bring a claim, discourage claims or limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other stockholders, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and stockholders. Alternatively, if a court were to find this choice of forum provision inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. The choice of forum provision in the By-Laws will not preclude or contract the scope of exclusive federal or concurrent jurisdiction for actions brought under the federal securities laws including the Exchange Act or the Securities Act or the respective rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. 18 Index Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. Not applicable. Item 1C. Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy The Company’s Board of Directors recognizes the critical importance of maintaining the trust and confidence of our customers, clients, business partners and employees. The Board of Directors is actively involved in oversight of the Company’s risk management program, and cybersecurity represents an important component of the Company’s overall approach to enterprise risk management (“ERM”). The Company’s cybersecurity policies, standards, processes and practices are fully integrated into the Company’s ERM program and are based on recognized frameworks established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the International Organization for Standardization and other applicable industry standards. In general, the Company seeks to address cybersecurity risks through a comprehensive, cross-functional approach that is focused on preserving the confidentiality, security and availability of the information that the Company collects and stores by identifying, preventing and mitigating cybersecurity threats and effectively responding to cybersecurity incidents when they occur. As one of the critical elements of the Company’s overall ERM approach, the Company’s cybersecurity program is focused on the following key areas: • • • Governance: As discussed in more detail under the heading “Governance,” the Board of Directors’ oversight of cybersecurity risk management is supported by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Audit Committee”), which regularly interacts with the Company’s ERM function, the Company’s Vice President of Information Technology, other members of management and relevant management committees and councils, including management’s Sarbanes-Oxley & Cybersecurity Steering Committee. Collaborative Approach: The Company has implemented a comprehensive, cross-functional approach to identifying, preventing and mitigating cybersecurity threats and incidents, while also implementing controls and procedures that are designed to provide for the prompt and appropriate internal reporting of certain cybersecurity incidents, either in the form of a single unauthorized occurrence or a series of unauthorized occurrences, so that decisions regarding the public disclosure and reporting of such incidents can be made by management in a timely manner. Technical Safeguards: The Company deploys technical safeguards that are designed to protect the Company’s information systems from cybersecurity threats, including firewalls, intrusion prevention and detection systems, anti-malware functionality and access controls, which are evaluated and improved through vulnerability assessments and cybersecurity threat intelligence. Incidence Response and Recovery Planning: The Company has established and maintains comprehensive incident response and recovery plans intended to fully and timely address the Company’s response to a cybersecurity incident, and such plans are tested and evaluated on a regular basis. Third-Party Risk Management: The Company maintains a comprehensive, risk-based approach to identifying and overseeing cybersecurity risks presented by third parties, including vendors, service providers and other external users of the Company’s systems, as well as the systems of third parties that could adversely impact our business in the event of a cybersecurity incident affecting those third-party systems. Education and Awareness: The Company provides regular, mandatory training for personnel regarding cybersecurity threats as a means to equip the Company’s personnel with effective tools to proactively address cybersecurity threats and prevent incursions and to communicate the Company’s evolving information security policies, standards, processes and practices. Our awareness program includes assessment of our personnel’s preparedness through regular phishing e-mail alerts, highlighted banners that warn about external senders, and tests administered to help the Company’s personnel interrogate, navigate around, and avoid clicking suspicious and unfamiliar links from unknown senders. • • • The Company engages in the periodic assessment and testing of the Company’s policies, standards, processes and practices that are designed to address cybersecurity threats and incidents. These efforts include a wide range of activities, including audits, assessments, tabletop exercises, threat modeling, vulnerability testing and other exercises focused on evaluating the effectiveness of our cybersecurity measures and planning. The Company engages third parties to perform assessments on our cybersecurity measures, including information security maturity assessments, audits and independent reviews of our information security control environment and operating effectiveness. The results of such assessments, audits and reviews are periodically reported to the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors, and the Company adjusts its cybersecurity policies, standards, processes and practices as appropriate based on the information provided by these assessments, audits and reviews. 19 Index Governance The Board of Directors, in coordination with the Audit Committee, oversees the Company’s ERM process, including the management of risks arising from cybersecurity threats. The Board of Directors and the Audit Committee each receive presentations and reports on cybersecurity risks, which address a wide range of topics including recent developments, evolving standards, vulnerability assessments, third-party and independent reviews, the threat environment, technological trends and information security considerations arising with respect to the Company’s peers and third parties. The Board of Directors and the Audit Committee also receive prompt and timely information regarding any cybersecurity incident that meets established reporting thresholds or that management otherwise deems to be significant, as well as ongoing updates regarding any such incident until it has been addressed. On an annual basis, the Board of Directors and Audit Committee discuss the Company’s approach to cybersecurity risk management with the members of management’s Sarbanes- Oxley & Cybersecurity Steering Committee, which includes the Company’s President and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) and Vice President of Information Technology. The Sarbanes-Oxley & Cybersecurity Steering Committee, in coordination with the Company’s outside legal counsel, works collaboratively across the Company and with various consultants to implement a program designed to protect the Company’s information systems from cybersecurity threats and to promptly respond to any cybersecurity incidents in accordance with the Company’s incident response and recovery plans. The Vice President of Information Technology has served in various roles in information technology and information security for over 25 years and holds undergraduate and graduate degrees in computer science. As described in more detail above under the heading “Information about our Executive Officers,” the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the President and CFO each hold undergraduate and graduate degrees in their respective fields, and each has over 30 years of experience managing risks at the Company and at similar companies, including risks arising from cybersecurity threats. Cybersecurity threats, including as a result of previous cybersecurity incidents, have not materially affected, and are not reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Item 2. Properties. Our principal facilities as of December 31, 2023 are listed below. We believe that all facilities generally are in good condition, adequately maintained and suitable for their present and currently contemplated uses. Location Hamden, Connecticut Ithaca, New York Las Vegas, Nevada Doncaster, UK Macau, China Operations Conducted Executive offices and sales office Hardware design and development, assembly and service facility Software design and development and casino and gaming sales office Sales office and service center Sales office Size (Approx. Sq. Ft.) 11,100 Owned or Leased Leased Lease Expiration Date October 31, 2025 73,900 Leased May 31, 2025 19,600 6,000 180 110,780 Leased Leased Leased November 30, 2025 August 24, 2026 April 30, 2024 Item 3. Legal Proceedings. The Company may, in the ordinary course of business, become a party to litigation involving collection matters, contract claims and other legal proceedings relating to the conduct of its business. As of December 31, 2023, we are not involved in any pending or, to our knowledge, threatened legal proceedings, including legal proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities, the outcome of which we believe would be material to our financial condition or results of operations. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. Not applicable. 20 Index PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol TACT. As of February 29, 2024, there were 200 holders of record of the common stock. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities During the fourth quarter of 2023, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock. Dividend Policy The Company does not currently pay cash dividends and does not intend to do so in the foreseeable future. Sales of Unregistered Securities None. Item 6. [Reserved] Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. Recent Developments The Company engaged an advisor in the fourth quarter of 2023 to assist in determining the best long-term strategy for its business and ensure the Company is maximizing the value of its operations for all shareholders and stakeholders. For information regarding the risks related to our engagement with an advisor, please see Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors under the sub-caption “Our success may depend in part on our ability to identify and pursue the best long- term strategy for our businesses.” Current Trends After strong demand during the year due in part to our primary competitor’s struggle to deliver products in the face of supply chain constraints, in late 2023, we began to see indications of a temporary slowdown in demand in the casino and gaming market, as customers that had built up excess inventory due to supply chain concerns advised us that they would temporarily reduce orders until their stock normalized. This slowdown impacted our results in the fourth quarter of 2023, and we expect this trend to continue to impact results in 2024. Further, our primary competitor in the casino and gaming market has resumed supplying product with increasing volume in 2024, which has begun to result in downward pricing pressure in that market and could exacerbate the demand slowdown, either of which could negatively impact our worldwide casino and gaming sales. In addition, we have experienced cost increases as a result of current economic conditions, most of which we have been able to offset by increasing prices of our products. However, there can be no guarantee that we will be able to increase prices sufficiently to offset any future such cost increases that cannot be predicted, and we may be impacted by supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures and other global economic conditions that may affect the markets we serve and from which we source our supplies and parts. For additional discussion of our business, refer to Part I, Item 1. Business, of this Form 10-K. Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect both Balance Sheet items and Statement of Operations categories. Such estimates and judgments are based upon historical experience and certain assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in the particular circumstances; however, due to the inherent uncertainties in developing estimates, actual results could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to these balances in future periods. We base our estimates on historical experience, forecasts and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances; however actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The methods, estimates and judgments we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on the results we report in our financial statements. Some of our accounting policies require us to make difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. The following accounting policies are those that we believe to be most critical in the preparation of our financial statements. These items utilize assumptions and estimates about the effect of future events that are inherently uncertain and are therefore based on our judgment. Refer to Note 2 – Summary of significant accounting policies in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete listing of our significant accounting policies. We also have other policies that we consider key accounting policies; however, these policies typically do not require us to make estimates or judgments that are difficult or subjective. 21 Index Revenue Recognition – Our net sales are derived from the sale of products and services and are adjusted for estimated returns and allowances, which historically have been insignificant. Application of GAAP related to the measurement and recognition of revenue requires us to make judgments and estimates. Specifically, the determination of whether revenues related to our revenue contracts should be recognized over time or at a point in time. We recognize revenue when the obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of our printers, terminals, consumables and replacement parts. For our warranty, software applications and maintenance agreements, revenue is generally recognized ratably over the contract period. Other significant judgments include contracts that contain multiple performance obligations (most commonly when contracts include a hardware product, software, financing and extended warranties) which require a contract’s transaction price to be allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. For arrangements containing multiple performance obligations, the revenue relating to the undelivered performance obligation is deferred using the relative standalone selling price method utilizing estimated sales prices until satisfaction of the deferred performance obligation. Both of these determinations impact the timing and amount of our reported revenues and net income and loss. Accounts Receivable – We have standardized credit granting and review policies and procedures for all customer accounts, including: credit reviews of all new customer accounts; ongoing credit evaluations of current customers; credit limits and payment terms based on available credit information; and adjustments to credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current creditworthiness. We also provide an estimate for expected credit losses based on an expected loss methodology which considers a broad range of information to estimate expected credit losses, including historical information, current economic conditions and a reasonable forecast period. Our reserve for expected credit losses as of December 31, 2023 was $0.8 million, or 7.0% of outstanding trade accounts receivable, which we believe is appropriate considering the overall quality of our accounts receivable. Although credit losses have historically been within expectations and the reserves established, there is no assurance that our credit loss experience will continue to be consistent with historical experience. While we believe that our allowance for credit losses is adequate and represents our best estimate of future losses, we will continue to monitor customer liquidity and other economic conditions, which may result in changes to our estimates. Inventories – The valuation of inventory requires us to estimate obsolete or excess inventory as well as inventory that is not of saleable quality. The determination of obsolete or excess inventory requires us to estimate the future demand for our products. We record valuation reserves on our inventory for estimated excess and obsolete inventory and lower of cost or net realizable value concerns equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated realizable value based upon assumptions about future product demand, market conditions and product selling prices. If future product demand, market conditions or product selling prices are less than those projected by management or if continued modifications to products are required to meet specifications or other customer requirements, increases to inventory reserves may be required which would have a negative impact on our gross margin. Effective April 1, 2022, TransAct changed its method of inventory valuation from standard costing which approximated the “first-in, first-out” (“FIFO”) costing methodology to the average costing methodology. We believe this methodology is preferable because it reflects a better estimate of inventory cost as we do not typically perform intensive manufacturing of our finished products, which are therefore better measured under average cost. Goodwill and Intangible Assets – We evaluate goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually and when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company utilizes the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the Step 1 quantitative goodwill impairment test in accordance with the applicable accounting standards. Under the qualitative assessment, management considers relevant events and circumstances including, but not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, Company performance, and events directly affecting the Company. If the Company determines that the Step 1 quantitative impairment test is required, management estimates the fair value of the reporting unit primarily using the income approach. Under the income approach, we use a discounted cash flow methodology to derive an indication of value, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasted revenues, gross profit margins, operating income margins, working capital cash flow, perpetual growth rates, and long- term discount rates, among others. Factors considered that may trigger an interim period impairment review of either acquired goodwill or intangible assets are: significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business; significant negative industry or economic trends; and significant decline in market capitalization relative to net book value. Finite lived intangible assets are amortized and are tested for impairment when appropriate. As of December 31, 2023, upon the completion of our annual assessment for impairment, we have determined that no goodwill or intangible asset impairment has occurred and the fair value of the Company was substantially higher than our carrying value. We have evaluated the recoverability of the assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2023 in accordance with relevant authoritative accounting literature. We have considered the effects caused by the global supply chain disruptions, inflation and macroeconomic factors potentially impacting accounts receivable, inventory, investments, intangible assets, goodwill and other assets and liabilities. Where forward-looking estimates are required, we made a good-faith estimate based on information available as of the balance sheet date. We have continued to monitor for indicators of impairment through the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and reflected accordingly in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Income Taxes – In preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to estimate income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This involves estimating the actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences between the tax basis of certain assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, as well as net operating losses, tax credits and other carryforwards. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We then assess the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income, and to the extent that we believe that realization is not likely, we establish a valuation allowance. 22 Index Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and, in particular, any valuation allowance or tax reserves with respect to our deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate the recoverability of our deferred tax assets based upon historical results and forecasted taxable income over future years, and match this forecast against the basis differences, deductions available in future years and the limitations allowed for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards to ensure that there is adequate support for the realization of the deferred tax assets. Although we have considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance, in the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance or tax reserves would be charged as a reduction to income in the period such determination was made. Likewise, should we determine that we would be able to realize future deferred tax assets in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would increase net income in the period such determination was made. We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). Among other things this provision prescribes a minimum recognition threshold that an income tax position must meet before it is recorded in the reporting entity’s financial statements. It also requires that the effects of such income tax positions be recognized only if, as of the balance sheet reporting date, it is “more likely than not” (i.e., more than a 50% likelihood) that the income tax position will be sustained based solely on its technical merits. When making this assessment, management must assume that the responsible taxing authority will examine the income tax position and have full knowledge of all relevant facts and other pertinent information. The accounting guidance also clarifies the method of accruing for interest and penalties when there is a difference between the amount claimed, or expected to be claimed, on a company’s income tax returns and the benefits recognized in the financial statements. Share-Based Compensation – We calculate share-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation” using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of share-based awards. The key assumptions for this valuation method include the expected term of an option grant, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield. We account for forfeitures as they occur. Results of Operations: Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2022 2023 Financial Highlights • Net sales were $72.6 million in the current year compared to $58.1 million in the prior year. • Operating income was $5.7 million in the current year compared to an operating loss of $7.7 million in the prior year. • Net income was $4.7 million, or $0.47 per diluted share in the current year, compared to a net loss of $5.9 million, or a $0.60 loss per share in the prior year. • Operating cash inflow was $5.5 million in the current year compared to an outflow of $12.2 million in the prior year. Net Sales. Net sales, which include printer, terminal and software sales as well as sales of replacement parts, consumables and maintenance and repair services, by market for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are detailed in the below table. (In thousands, except percentages) Food service technology POS automation Casino and gaming TSG International* $ $ $ Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ Change % Change 16,308 6,922 41,192 8,209 72,631 22.5% $ 9.5% 56.7% 11.3% 100.0% $ 12,364 10,659 30,029 5,087 58,139 21.3% $ 18.3% $ 51.7% $ 8.7% $ 100.0% $ 3,944 (3,737) 11,163 3,122 14,492 31.9% (35.1%) 37.2% 61.4% 24.9% 14,571 20.1% $ 14,105 24.3% $ $466 3.3% * International sales do not include sales of products to domestic distributors or other customers who in turn ship those products to international destinations. Net sales for 2023 increased $14.5 million, or 25%, from 2022. Printer, terminal and other hardware sales volume increased by 10% to approximately 148,000 units for 2023, driven by large unit volume increases in FST and all casino and gaming, partially offset by a unit volume decline in POS automation. The primary volume increase came from a 27% increase in unit volume from the casino and gaming market, supplemented by a 73% hardware unit volume increase in our FST market. We believe that the 2023 increase in our casino and gaming market share increased was principally due to our successful efforts in navigating the supply chain constraints that prevented certain other suppliers from fully meeting customer demand. Partially offsetting these increases, we experienced a 36% decrease in unit volume from the POS automation market. The average selling price of our printers, terminals and other hardware increased approximately 9% during 2023 compared to 2022, mainly due to price increases instituted during 2022 in response to product cost increases that we were able to largely maintain throughout 2023. Additionally, sales of our software, labels and other recurring revenue from our FST market increased $2.4 million, or 28%, during 2023 compared to 2022. International sales for 2023 remained relatively flat (increasing $0.5 million, or 3%, compared to 2022). 23 Index Food service technology. Our primary offering in the food service technology market is our line of BOHA! products, which can combine our latest generation terminal and workstation, which include one or two printers, with our BOHA! labeling, timers, and media software. In addition, customers may individually purchase cloud-based software applications that connect to an application on a separate mobile device into a solution to automate back-of- house operations in restaurants, convenience stores and food service operations. The additional software offering of BOHA! consists of a variety of individually purchased software-as-a-service (“SaaS”)-based applications for both Android and iOS operating systems, including applications for temperature monitoring, temperature taking and checklists and task lists. These applications are sold separately, and customers purchase the applications they need for their back-of-house operations. Customers may also purchase associated hardware, such as tablets, temperature sensors and gateways. The BOHA! Terminal and newly-launched Terminal 2 combine an operating system and hardware components in a device that includes a touchscreen and one or two thermal print mechanisms that print easy-to-read food rotation labels, grab-and-go labels, and nutritional labels for prepared foods, and “enjoy by” date labels. The BOHA! WorkStation uses an iPad or Android tablet instead of an integrated touchscreen. The BOHA! Terminal, Terminal 2 and WorkStation are equipped with the TransAct Enterprise Management System to ensure that only approved touchscreen functions are available on the touchscreen device and to allow over-the-air updates to the operating system. BOHA! helps food service establishments and restaurants (including fine dining, casual dining, fast casual and quick-service restaurants, convenience stores, hospitality establishments and contract food service providers) effectively manage food safety and grab-and-go initiatives, as well as automate and manage back-of-house operations. Recurring revenue from BOHA! is generated by software sales, including software subscriptions that are typically charged to customers annually on a per-application basis, as well as sales of labels, extended warranty and service contracts, and technical support services. Sales of our worldwide food service technology products for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: (In thousands, except percentages) Domestic International (In thousands, except percentages) Hardware Software, labels and other recurring revenue $ $ $ $ Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ Change % Change 15,159 1,149 16,308 93.0% $ 7.0% 100.0% $ 11,602 762 12,364 93.8% $ 6.2% 100.0% $ 3,557 387 3,944 30.7% 50.8% 31.9% Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ Change % Change 5,170 31.7% $ 3,653 29.5% $ 1,517 11,138 16,308 68.3% 100.0% $ 8,711 12,364 70.5% 100.0% $ 2,427 3,944 41.5% 27.9% 31.9% Sales in food service technology increased 32% in 2023 compared to 2022 driven by increases in both sales of hardware and sales of BOHA! Software and labels. Hardware sales increased 42% compared to 2022 due largely to increased sales of our BOHA! Terminal, as well as the first volume sales in the fourth quarter of 2023 of our newly-launched BOHA! Terminal 2. In addition, we experienced an increase in sales of our BOHA! sensors and gateways due to shipments to a new senior assisted living customer in the fourth quarter of 2023. FST software, labels and other recurring revenue sales increased 28% in 2023 compared to 2022. Recurring revenue increased 24% primarily due to higher label sales, as well as record sales of BOHA! software (largely from our labeling software application) recognized on a SaaS subscription basis due principally to the continued growth of the installed base of our BOHA! Terminals and WorkStations. We expect FST revenue to be higher in 2024 than in 2023 as we continue to focus on growing our installed base of terminals and the related recurring revenue (primarily the sale of labels and subscription software revenue from our labeling software application). POS automation. Revenue from the POS automation market includes sales of our Ithaca 9000 thermal printer used primarily by McDonald’s, and to a much lesser extent, other quick-service restaurants located either at the checkout counter or within self-service kiosks to print receipts for consumers or print liner-less labels. Sales of our worldwide POS automation products for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: (In thousands, except percentages) Domestic International Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ Change % Change $ $ 6,805 117 6,922 98.3% $ 1.7% 100.0% $ 10,657 2 10,659 100.0% $ -- 100.0% $ (3,852) 115 (3,737) (36.1%) -- (35.1%) The decrease in POS automation product revenue during 2023 compared to 2022 was driven by lower sales of our Ithaca® 9000 printer. During the latter half of 2022, we successfully managed through supply chain issues, significantly increased production and began to fulfill our large backlog of sales orders from the first half of 2022 (due to our competitor’s inability to supply product) which resulted in unusually high sales during 2022. During 2023, we shipped closer to our normal run-rate of POS automation printers and we began to lower our average selling price in the latter portion of the year in response to our competitors beginning to resume supplying product. We expect POS automation sales to be lower in 2024 compared to 2023 as our competitors resume volume shipments and we therefore anticipate our sales volume and average selling price to return to more normalized levels. 24 Index Casino and gaming. Revenue from the casino and gaming market includes sales of thermal ticket printers used in slot machines, video lottery terminals, and other gaming machines that print tickets or receipts instead of issuing coins at casinos, racetracks and other gaming venues worldwide. Revenue from this market also includes sales of thermal roll-fed printers used in the international off-premise gaming market in gaming machines such as Amusement with Prizes, Skills with Prizes and Fixed Odds Betting Terminals and kiosks for sports betting at non-casino gaming and sports betting establishments. Revenue from this market also includes royalties related to our patented casino and gaming technology. In addition, casino and gaming market revenue includes sales of the EPICENTRAL print system, our software solution (including annual software maintenance), that enables casino operators to create promotional coupons and marketing messages and to print them in real time at the slot machine. Sales of our worldwide casino and gaming products for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: (In thousands, except percentages) Domestic International Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ Change % Change $ $ 28,715 12,477 41,192 69.7% $ 30.3% 100.0% $ 17,686 12,343 30,029 58.9% $ 41.1% 100.0% $ 11,029 134 11,163 62.4% 1.1% 37.2% The increase in domestic sales of our casino and gaming products during 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily due to a 62% increase in sales volume as well as price increases instituted during 2023 and largely maintained throughout the year. We believe that the 2023 increase in our casino and gaming market share increased was principally due to our successful efforts in navigating the supply chain constraints that prevented certain other suppliers from fully meeting customer demand. However, we anticipate a more competitive environment in the casino and gaming market during 2024. The overall increase in casino and gaming domestic sales was partially offset by a 48% decrease in domestic EPICENTRAL sales during 2023 compared to 2022. EPICENTRAL sales are project based, and as a result, may fluctuate significantly quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year. We expect domestic sales for 2024 to be lower than 2023 as many of our customers have built up higher than normal levels of inventory of our product (accumulated as a hedge by our customers during the worldwide supply chain crisis during 2022 and 2023) and we therefore have started to see a slowdown in their order and shipment rates that we expect to continue (especially during the first half of 2024) until they are able to sell through their on- hand inventory. In addition, we expect an overall more competitive environment in 2024 as we anticipate our largest competitor will likely resume volume shipments again. International sales of our casino and gaming products remained flat during 2023 compared to 2022. Similar to our domestic customers, our international customers also began to slow their order and shipment rates in the third and fourth quarters of 2023 due to higher than normal inventory levels and we expect this trend to continue for 2024, especially during the first half of the year. TSG: Revenue generated by TSG includes sales of consumable products (POS receipt paper, inkjet cartridges, ribbons and other printing supplies for non- FST legacy products), replacement parts and accessories, maintenance and repair services and shipping and handling charges. Sales in our worldwide TSG market for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: (In thousands, except percentages) Domestic International Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 $ Change % Change $ $ 7,381 828 8,209 89.9% $ 10.1% 100.0% $ 4,089 998 5,087 80.4% $ 19.6% 100.0% $ 3,292 (170) 3,122 80.5% (17.0%) 61.4% The increase in domestic revenue from TSG during 2023 as compared to 2022 was due primarily to a 137% increase in sales of replacement parts and accessories primarily due to a large order by IGT for our installed base of legacy lottery printers that we do not expect to recur, and to a lesser extent, a 12% increase in service revenue. This increase was partially offset by a decline in consumable sales of 11%, as we are no longer focused on these legacy sales and expect them to continue to decline over time. Internationally, TSG revenue decreased 17% during 2023 compared to 2022, due primarily to a decline in sales of replacement parts and accessories to international casino and gaming customers. We expect TSG sales to be lower in 2024 compared to 2023 as we experienced an unusually high level of sales of legacy lottery printer replacement parts in 2023 that we do not expect to repeat at the same level in 2024 as the installed base of these printers continues to decline. 25 Index Gross Profit. Gross profit information for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is summarized below (in thousands, except percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Percent Change Percent of Total Sales - 2023 Percent of Total Sales - 2022 $ 38,400 $ 24,412 57.3% 52.9% 42.0% Gross profit is measured as revenue less cost of sales, which includes primarily the cost of all raw materials and component parts, direct labor, manufacturing overhead expenses, cost of finished products purchased directly from our contract manufacturers, expenses associated with installations and support of our EPICENTRAL print system and our line of BOHA! products and royalty payments to third-parties, including to the third party licensor of our food service technology software products. Gross profit increased $14.0 million, or 57%, in 2023 compared to 2022, primarily due to the 25% sales increase in 2023 compared to 2022. Gross margin also increased 1,090 basis points to 53% in 2023 compared to 42% in 2022. The large increase in both gross profit and gross margin is due to a 25% sales increase, increased market share in the casino and gaming market, increased sales of higher margin products and price increases instituted in 2022 and largely maintained throughout 2023 to mitigate higher product and shipping costs. However, we expect gross margin in 2024 to be lower than in 2023 due to a return to a more normalized competitive environment in both the casino and gaming and POS automation markets. Operating Expenses - Engineering, Design and Product Development. Engineering, design and product development information for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is summarized below (in thousands, except percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Percent Change Percent of Total Sales - 2023 Percent of Total Sales - 2022 $ 9,442 $ 8,570 10.2% 13.0% 14.7% Engineering, design and product development expenses primarily include salary and payroll-related expenses for our hardware and software engineering staff, depreciation and design expenses (including prototype printer expenses, outside design, development and testing services, supplies and contracted software development expenses including those to the third party licensor of our food service technology software products). Engineering, design and product development expenses increased $0.9 million, or 10%, in 2023 compared to 2022 due to the hiring of additional engineering staff as well as investments in additional software staff resources and product testing primarily for the completed launch of the new BOHA! Terminal 2 and Epic TR80 gaming printer in the fourth quarter of 2023. These increases were partially offset by cost reduction initiatives taken during the latter part of 2023, including a reduction of contracted software development expenses. We expect engineering, design and product development expenses to be lower in 2024 compared to 2023 as we expect to benefit from the full effect of the 2023 cost reduction efforts. Operating Expenses - Selling and Marketing. Selling and marketing information for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is summarized below (in thousands, except percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Percent Change Percent of Total Sales - 2023 Percent of Total Sales - 2022 $ 9,934 $ 11,326 (12.3%) 13.7% 19.5% Selling and marketing expenses primarily include salaries and payroll-related expenses for our sales, marketing and customer success staff, sales commissions, travel expenses, expenses associated with the lease of sales offices, advertising, trade show expenses, public relations, e-commerce and other promotional marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses decreased $1.4 million, or 12%, during 2023 compared to 2022 primarily due to BOHA! market studies conducted in 2022 which were not repeated in 2023, as well as cost reduction initiatives put into place during 2023, including reduced headcount and a reduction in trade show and other marketing expenses. Operating Expenses - General and Administrative. General and administrative information for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is summarized below (in thousands, except percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Percent Change Percent of Total Sales - 2023 Percent of Total Sales - 2022 $ 13,318 $ 12,193 9.2% 18.3% 21.0% General and administrative expenses primarily include salaries, incentive compensation, and other payroll-related expenses for our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, accounting, human resources, corporate development and information technology staff, expenses for our corporate headquarters, professional and legal expenses, information technology expenses, and other expenses related to being a publicly traded company. General and administrative expenses increased $1.1 million, or 9%, during 2023 compared to 2022 due in large part to a $1.5 million severance charge related to the resignation of the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer in April 2023, partially offset by expense reduction initiatives we commenced in the third quarter of 2023. Excluding the $1.5 million severance charge, we expect general and administrative expenses for 2024 to be slightly lower compared to 2023. 26 Index Operating Income (Loss). Operating income (loss) information for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is summarized below (in thousands, except percentages): Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Percent Change Percent of Total Sales – 2023 Percent of Total Sales – 2022 $ 5,706 $ (7,677) 174.3% 7.9% (13.2%) Our operating income increased $13.4 million, or 174%, during 2023 compared to 2022 as a $14.0 million or 57% increase in gross profit on 25% higher sales, was partially offset by a $0.6 million or 2% increase in operating expenses (including the $1.5 million severance charge discussed above in “General and Administrative”) in 2023 compared to 2022. Interest, net. We recorded net interest expense of $255 thousand in 2023 compared to $208 thousand in 2022. This increase in interest expense is related to the Siena Credit Facility. Following the July 2022 amendment of the Siena Credit Facility, we were required to maintain outstanding borrowings of at least $2,250,000 in principal amount. See Note 8 – Borrowings to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. Interest expense increased due to the initiation of the minimum borrowing requirement in July 2022 and a higher interest rate environment during 2023 compared to 2022. Other, net. We recorded other income of $452 thousand in 2023 compared to other expense of $16 thousand in 2022. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we completed an asset sale of our Printrex product line (essentially inventory on-hand) and recorded a non-operating gain of approximately $426 thousand. Prior to this sale, the last TransAct sales of Printrex products occurred in 2021. Income Taxes. We recorded income tax expense during 2023 of $1.2 million at an effective tax rate of 19.6%, compared to an income tax benefit during 2022 of $2.0 million at an effective tax rate of 24.9%. The effective tax rate for 2022 was unusually high due to the reversal of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in our UK subsidiary. Net Income (Loss). As a result of the above, we reported net income for the year ended December 31, 2023 of $4.7 million, or $0.47 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of ($5.9 million), or $0.60 per basic and diluted share, in 2022. Liquidity and Capital Resources We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our operating, investing and financing activities. Significant factors affecting the management of liquidity are cash flows from operating activities, capital expenditures, access to bank lines of credit and our ability to attract long-term capital with satisfactory terms. Internal cash generation together with currently available cash and cash equivalents, available borrowing facilities and an ability to access credit lines at market-competitive rates, if needed, are expected to be sufficient to fund operations, capital expenditures, and any increase in working capital that would be required to accommodate our anticipated level of business activity for the 2024 fiscal year and beyond. During the third quarter of 2023, we began a cost reduction initiative to reduce our overall level of operating expenses that included reducing employee headcount, trade show, advertising and other promotional marketing expenses, certain third party engineering resources and other expenses, and to a lesser extent, certain general and administrative expenses. We expect these actions will result in approximately $3 million of annualized savings beginning in 2024, partially offset by typical annual inflationary and cost of living increases in operating expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there is no assurance that the cost-cutting efforts we have taken to bring expenses in line with our revenue and mitigate the impact of global economic conditions such as supply chain disruptions and inflation are sufficient or adequate, and we may be required to take additional measures, as the ultimate extent of the effects of these risks on the Company, our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and cash flows are uncertain and are dependent on evolving developments which cannot be predicted at this time. See Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Form 10-K for further discussion of risks related to global economic conditions, supply chain disruptions and inflation. 27 Index Cash Flow During 2023, our cash balance increased $4.4 million, or 55%, (versus a decrease of $11.5 million in 2022) due primarily to operating activities, including a reduction in accounts receivable of $4.2 million and net income of $4.7 million (depreciation, amortization and share based compensation totaled $2.3 million). We had $12.3 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023, of which $116 thousand was held by our UK subsidiary. Operating activities: The following significant factors primarily affected our cash provided by operating activities of $5.5 million in 2023 as compared to cash used in operating activities of $12.2 million in 2022. For 2023: • We reported net income of $4.7 million. • We recorded depreciation and amortization of $1.5 million and share-based compensation expense of $0.9 million. • We recorded a decrease in our deferred tax assets of $1.0 million due to our net income in 2023. • • Accounts receivable decreased $4.2 million primarily due to decreased sales volume during the fourth quarter of 2023. Inventories increased $5.7 million primarily due to strategic purchases, including initial stocking orders related to the launch of our new BOHA! Terminal 2 and Epic TR80 in the fourth quarter of 2023, and declining sales during the four quarters in 2023. We expect our inventories to gradually decline as we sell through our existing stock during 2024. Accounts payable used $3.0 million in cash due to increased inventory purchases and the timing of cash disbursements. • For 2022: • We reported a net loss of $5.9 million. • We recorded depreciation and amortization of $1.3 million and share-based compensation expense of $1.2 million. • We recorded an increase in our deferred tax assets of $2.2 million due to our net loss in 2022. • • • Accounts receivable increased $6.4 million primarily due to increased sales volume during the fourth quarter of 2022. Inventories increased $4.4 million primarily due to strategic purchases of electronic and other parts to support our sales growth. Accounts payable provided $3.2 million in cash due to increased inventory purchases and the timing of cash disbursements. Investing activities: Our capital expenditures were $0.9 million and $1.3 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Expenditures in 2023 were related to new product tooling and computer and networking equipment while in 2022 they were primarily related to the implementation of a new ERP system which was completed in early 2022, new product tooling and computer and networking equipment. Financing activities: Financing activities used $0.1 million of cash during 2023 due primarily to withholding taxes paid on stock issuances. During 2022, financing activities provided $2.1 million of cash primarily due to proceeds received from the required minimum borrowings on our Siena Credit Facility. Resource Sufficiency Since early 2020, we have been impacted in varying degrees by the lingering effects from the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, and more recently, we have been impacted by global supply chain issues, increased shipping costs, increased interest rates and inflationary pressures. However, we believe that our operating results and operating cash flow improved significantly during 2023 due largely to certain competitors’ inability to supply products in both the POS automation and casino and gaming markets. Nevertheless, given the continued uncertainty related to the impact of external factors on the food service and casino industries, we continue to monitor our cash generation, usage and preservation including the management of working capital to generate cash. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents on hand, our expected cash flows generated from operating activities, and borrowings available under our Siena Credit Facility will provide sufficient resources to meet our working capital needs, finance our capital expenditures and meet our liquidity requirements through at least the next twelve months. Notwithstanding this belief, the duration and extent of these global economic pressures and the future of pandemic variants remain uncertain and the ultimate impact of these global pressures is unknown. 28 Index Credit Facility and Borrowings On March 13, 2020, we entered into the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Siena Credit Facility with Siena Lending Group LLC (the “Lender”). The Siena Credit Facility provides for a revolving credit line of up to $10.0 million and was originally scheduled to expire on March 13, 2023, prior to being extended, as discussed below. Borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility bear a floating rate of interest equal to the greatest of (i) the prime rate plus 1.75%, (ii) the federal funds rate plus 2.25%, and (iii) 6.50%. The total deferred financing costs related to expenses incurred to complete the Siena Credit Facility were $245 thousand. We also pay a fee of 0.50% on unused borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility. Borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility are secured by a lien on substantially all the assets of the Company. Borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility are subject to a borrowing base based on 85% of eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of (a) $5.0 million and (b) 50% of eligible raw material and 60% of finished goods inventory. The Siena Credit Facility imposes a financial covenant on the Company and restricts, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness and the creation of other liens. On July 21, 2021, the Company entered into an amendment (“Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 1”) to the Siena Credit Facility. Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 1 changed the financial covenant under the Siena Credit Facility from a minimum EBITDA covenant to an excess availability covenant requiring that the Company maintain excess availability of at least $750 thousand under the Siena Credit Facility, tested as of the end of each calendar month, beginning with the calendar month ended July 31, 2021. From July 31, 2021 through December 31, 2023, we remained in compliance with our excess availability covenant. On July 19, 2022, the Company and the Lender entered into Amendment No. 2 (“Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2”) to the Siena Credit Facility as amended by Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 1. Also on July 19, 2022, the Company and the Lender entered into an Amended and Restated Fee Letter (the “Amended Fee Letter”) in connection with Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2. Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2 did not modify the aggregate amount of the revolving commitment or the interest rate applicable to the loans. The changes to Siena Credit Facility provided for in Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2 included, among other things, the following: (i) The extension of the maturity date from March 13, 2023 to March 13, 2025; and (ii) The termination of the existing blocked account control agreement and entry into a new “springing” deposit account control agreement, permitting the Company to direct the use of funds in its deposit account until such time as (a) the sum of excess availability under the Siena Credit Facility and unrestricted cash is less than $5 million for 3 consecutive business days or (b) an event of default occurs and is continuing. In addition, the Amended Fee Letter requires the Company, while it retains the ability to direct the use of funds in the deposit account, to maintain outstanding borrowings of at least $2,250,000 in principal amount. If the Company does not have the ability to direct the use of funds in the deposit account, then the Amended Fee Letter requires the Company to pay interest on at least $2,250,000 principal amount of loans, whether or not such amount of loans is actually outstanding. As stated above, we continue to monitor our cash generation, usage and preservation including the management of working capital to generate cash and continue to evaluate any alternative sources of funding as necessary, including the possible extension of our line of credit under the Siena Credit Facility. On May 1, 2023, the Company and the Lender agreed to a letter amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Siena Credit Facility. Prior to this amendment, section 7.1(m) of the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Siena Credit Facility required that any successor to the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer be reasonably acceptable to the Lender, and the amendment confirmed that Mr. Dillon, the Company’s current Chief Executive Officer, is an acceptable successor and applied the same requirement to any future successor to Mr. Dillon. As of December 31, 2023, we had $2.3 million of outstanding borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility and $5.9 million of net borrowing capacity available under the Siena Credit Facility. Stock Repurchase Program During 2023 and 2022, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock. Shareholders’ Equity Shareholders’ equity increased $5.6 million, or 16%, to $39.4 million at December 31, 2023 from $33.9 million at December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to net income of $4.7 million in 2023 and share-based compensation expense related to stock awards of $0.8 million (net of withholding taxes paid by relinquishment of shares) in 2023. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. TransAct is a smaller reporting company, as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, and is not required to provide information under this item. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. The financial statements of the Company are annexed to this Form 10-K as pages F-4 through F-22. The “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” is annexed to this Form 10-K as of page F-2. An index to such materials appears on page F-1. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. None. 29 Index Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) as of December 31, 2023. Based on this evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2023, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. Our management, including our CEO and CFO, has concluded that our consolidated financial statements, included in this Form 10-K, fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with GAAP, and that they can be relied upon. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Our management assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. Our management based its assessment on criteria established in Internal Control–Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In the opinion of management, TransAct maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. Other Information. (a) None (b) During the fourth quarter of 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K. Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspection. Not applicable. 30 Index PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. Set forth in Part I, Item 1. Business of this Form 10-K, under the heading “Information about our Executive Officers,” is certain information regarding our executive officers, and information regarding our code of ethics is set forth below. The remaining information in response to this item is incorporated herein by reference to the disclosure, if any; that will be contained, as applicable, under the headings “Proposal 1: Election of Directors,” “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports,” “Corporate Governance – Director Nomination Process” and “Corporate Governance – Committees of the Board” in our Proxy Statement for our 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”), which will be filed within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K. Code of Ethics We maintain a Standards of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics (“Standards of Business Conduct”) that includes our code of ethics that is applicable to all employees, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller. Our Standards of Business Conduct, which require continued observance of high ethical standards, such as honesty, integrity and compliance with the law in the conduct of our business, are available for public access on our website at https://transacttech.gcs-web.com/corporate-governance. Any person may request a copy of our Standards of Business Conduct free of charge by calling (203) 859-6800. We will disclose on our website at https://transacttech.gcs-web.com/corporate- governance any amendment to or waiver of a provision of the Standards of Business Conduct as may be required and within the time period specified under the applicable SEC and Nasdaq rules. Item 11. Executive Compensation. The information in response to this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the headings “Executive Compensation,” “Summary Compensation Table,” “Outstanding Equity Awards at 2023 Fiscal Year-End,” “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” and “Pay Versus Performance,” and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. Set forth below is certain information regarding our equity compensation plans. The remaining information in response to this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the heading, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management,” and is incorporated herein by reference. Equity Compensation Plan Information Information regarding our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2023 is as follows: Equity compensation plans approved by security holders: Plan category 2005 Equity Incentive Plan 2014 Equity Incentive Plan Total (a) Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (b) Weighted- average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (c) Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a) 76,000 $ 1,423,011 1,499,011 $ 11.61 7.53 7.73 – 981,769 981,769 In May 2014, our stockholders approved the adoption of the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan. In May 2020, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock which may be subject to awards granted under the plan from 1,400,000 to 2,200,000 shares. In June 2023, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock which may be subject to awards granted under the plan from 2,200,000 to its current level of 2,900,000 and to change the date of adoption of the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan to April 17, 2023 (thereby extending its expiration date to April 17, 2033). The Company also maintains the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan; however no new awards are be available for future issuance under this plan. Both plans generally provide for awards in the form of: (i) incentive stock options, (ii) non-qualified stock options, (iii) restricted stock, (iv) restricted stock units (which may include performance-based vesting), (v) stock appreciation rights or (vi) limited stock appreciation rights. The Company does not have any equity plans that have not been approved by its stockholders. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. The information in response to this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the headings “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Corporate Governance-Board Leadership Structure and Independence” and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services. The information in response to this item will be contained in the Proxy Statement under the headings, “Policy Regarding Pre-Approval of Services Provided by the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Services and Fees” and is incorporated herein by reference. 31 Index PART IV Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules. (a) The following documents are filed as part of this Form 10-K: 1. Financial Statements. Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2. Schedules. All schedules are omitted because they are either inapplicable or not required, or because the information required therein is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto. 3. Exhibits Exhibit Index 3.1(a) 3.1(b) 3.1(c) 3.2 4.1 4.2* 10.1(x) 10.2(x) 10.3(x) 10.4(x) 10.5(x) 10.6(x) 10.7(x) 10.8(x) 10.9(x) 10.10(x) 10.11(x) Certificate of Incorporation of TransAct Technologies Incorporated (conformed copy) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on August 18, 2022). Certificate of Designation, Series A Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on December 2, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit C of the Form of Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, dated as of February 16, 1999, between TransAct Technologies Incorporated and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on February 18, 1999.” Certificate of Designation, Series B Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on April 6, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1(c) of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 8, 2000). Amended and Restated By-Laws of TransAct Technologies Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 28, 2023). Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-06895) filed with the SEC on August 1, 1996). Description of Securities. 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000- 21121) filed with the SEC on June 1, 2005). TransAct Technologies Incorporated 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 19, 2014). Amendment to 2014 Equity Incentive Plan approved by Shareholders on May 22, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on August 9, 2017). TransAct Technologies Incorporated 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated in 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit I to the Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Commission on April 23, 2020, File No. 000-21121). TransAct Technologies Incorporated 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated in 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit I to the Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Commission on April 21, 2023, File No. 000-21121). 2014 Equity Incentive Plan Time-based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 6, 2016). 2014 Equity Incentive Plan Performance-based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-211121) filed with the SEC on August 8, 2016). 2014 Equity Incentive Plan Non-statutory Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 19, 2014). Severance Agreement by and between TransAct and Steven A. DeMartino, dated June 1, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 16, 2005). Amendment to Severance Agreement by and between TransAct and Steven A. DeMartino, effective January 1, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 16, 2009). Severance Agreement by and between TransAct and Andrew J. Hoffman (as amended), effective December 23, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022). 32 Index 10.12(x) 10.13(x) 10.14(x) 10.15(x) 10.16* 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.28 10.29 10.30 10.31† 10.32† Second Amendment to Severance Agreement by and between TransAct and Steven A. DeMartino, effective April 29, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022). Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of December 14, 2022, by and between TransAct Technologies Incorporated and Bart C. Shuldman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on December 27, 2022). Separation Agreement and General Release, dated April 20, 2023, between the Company and Bart C. Shuldman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on April 26, 2023). Letter Agreement, dated April 24, 2023, between the Company and John M. Dillon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on April 26, 2023). Lease Agreement between Bomax Properties, LLC and TransAct, dated July 18, 2001.* Amendment No. 1 to Lease Agreement between Bomax Properties, LLC and TransAct, dated May 8, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 10, 2012). Amendment No. 2 to Lease Agreement between Bomax Properties, LLC and TransAct, dated January 14, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 11, 2016). Amendment No. 3 to Lease Agreement between Bomax Properties, LLC and TransAct, dated February 29, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 4, 2020). Lease Agreement by and between Las Vegas Airport Properties LLC and TransAct dated December 2, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 16, 2005). First Amendment to Lease Agreement by and between CIP Hughes Center LLC and TransAct dated August 24, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 16, 2010). Second Amendment to Lease Agreement by and between The Realty Associates Fund IX LP and TransAct dated June 30, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on August 7, 2015). Lease Agreement by and between 2319 Hamden Center I, L.L.C. and TransAct dated November 27, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 15, 2007). First Amendment to Lease by and between 2319 Hamden Center I, L.L.C. and TransAct dated January 3, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017). Second Amendment to Lease by and between 2319 Hamden Center I, L.L.C. and TransAct Technologies dated April 30, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 13, 2021). Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of March 13, 2020, among Siena Lending Group LLC, TransAct Technologies Incorporated and the other Loan Parties from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 22, 2020). Amendment No. 1 To Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2021, among Siena Lending Group and TransAct Technologies Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on July 26, 2021) Amendment No. 2 To Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2022, between Siena Lending Group LLC and TransAct Technologies Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000- 21121) filed with the SEC on July 25, 2022). Amended and Restated Fee Letter, dated as of July 19, 2022, between Siena Lending Group LLC and TransAct Technologies Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on July 25, 2022). Letter Amendment, dated May 1, 2023, to Loan and Security Agreement between Siena Lending Group LLC and TransAct Technologies Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on May 4, 2023). Master License Agreement dated February 22, 2019 and amendments thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 12, 2021). Master Development and License Agreement dated July 20, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000-21121) filed with the SEC on March 12, 2021). 33 Index 21 23.1* 31.1* 31.2* 32‡ 97* 101.INS 101.SCH 101.CAL 101.DEF 101.LAB 101.PRE 104 Subsidiaries of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (SEC File No. 000- 21121) filed with the SEC on March 12, 2021) Consent of Marcum LLP Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. TransAct Technologies Incorporated Clawback Policy in the Event of a Financial Restatement Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document). Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). These exhibits are filed herewith. (x) Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. * † Certain portions of this exhibit (indicated by “[***]”) have been omitted pursuant to Item (601)(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. ‡ These exhibits are furnished herewith. (b) Exhibits. The Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act are included in the Exhibit Index above under a(3) of this Item 15. (c) Financial Statement Schedules. See the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-K. Item 16. Form 10-K Summary. None. 34 Index SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED By: Name: Title: /s/ John M. Dillon John M. Dillon Chief Executive Officer Date: March 13, 2024 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ John M. Dillon John M. Dillon /s/ Steven A. DeMartino Steven A. DeMartino /s/ William J. DeFrances William J. DeFrances /s/ Haydee Ortiz Olinger Haydee Ortiz Olinger /s/ Audrey P. Dunning Audrey P. Dunning /s/ Daniel M. Friedberg Daniel M. Friedberg /s/ Randall S. Friedman Randall S. Friedman /s/ Emanuel P. N. Hilario Emanuel P. N. Hilario Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) March 13, 2024 President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer) March 13, 2024 Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) March 13, 2024 Chair of the Board March 13, 2024 Director Director Director Director 35 March 13, 2024 March 13, 2024 March 13, 2024 March 13, 2024 Index TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 688) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-1 F-2 F-4 F-5 F-6 F-7 F-8 F-9 Index REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of TransAct Technologies Incorporated Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TransAct Technologies Incorporated and its subsidiaries(the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinion These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Valuation of Inventories - Excess and Obsolete Inventory Reserve As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, inventories are stated at the lower of average cost or net realizable value. The Company reviews net realizable value based on estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business less estimated costs of completions, disposal and transportation, historical usage and estimates of future demand. Based on these reviews, inventory write-downs are recorded, as necessary, to reflect estimated obsolescence, excess quantities, and net realizable value. A majority of the Company’s excess and obsolete inventory reserve relates to excess quantities of products, based on the Company’s inventory levels and future product purchase commitments compared to assumptions relating to future demand and market conditions. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated inventories balance was $17.759 million. The principal considerations for our determination that the Company’s valuation of inventories, specifically the excess and obsolete inventory reserve, was a critical audit matter included the following: (1) management identifies inventories as a critical accounting estimate, and (2) there were significant judgments made by management in estimating the excess and obsolete inventory reserve, including developing assumptions related to future product demand based on historical usage and current market conditions. This in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment in performing our audit procedures, which were designed to evaluate the reasonableness of audit evidence related to management’s assumptions of future product demand. F-2 Index Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included, among others, (i) obtaining an understanding of the Company’s accounting policy related to inventory, specifically as it relates to the excess and obsolete inventory reserve; (ii) evaluating management’s methodology and process for developing the excess and obsolete inventory reserve, including estimating assumptions related to future product demand based on historical usage and current market conditions; and (iii) testing management’s calculation of the excess and obsolete inventory reserve, which included evaluating the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used by management in the calculation, principally inputs such as actual historical usage and management’s determination of future estimated consumption of inventory. Marcum LLP We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020. Hartford, Connecticut March 13, 2024 F-3 Index Assets: Current assets: TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share data) Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable (net of allowance for expected credit losses of $768 and $351) Employee retention credit receivable Inventories Prepaid income taxes Other current assets Total current assets Fixed assets, net Right-of-use assets Goodwill Deferred tax assets Intangible assets, net Other assets Total assets Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity: Current liabilities: Revolving loan payable Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Lease liabilities Deferred revenue Total current liabilities Deferred revenue, net of current portion Lease liabilities, net of current portion Other liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (see Notes 8 and 14) Shareholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $0.01 value, 4,800,000 authorized, none issued and outstanding Preferred stock, Series A, $0.01 par value, 200,000 authorized, none issued and outstanding Common stock, $0.01 par value, 20,000,000 authorized at December 31, 2023 and 2022; 14,003,653 and 13,956,725 shares issued; 9,958,811 and 9,911,883 shares outstanding, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax Treasury stock, 4,044,842 shares, at cost Total shareholders’ equity Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. F-4 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 12,321 9,824 – 17,759 322 773 40,999 2,421 1,602 2,621 6,304 88 163 13,199 54,198 2,250 4,431 4,947 929 1,079 13,636 209 720 219 1,148 14,784 7,946 13,927 1,500 12,028 – 724 36,125 2,781 2,488 2,621 7,327 242 248 15,707 51,832 2,250 7,395 4,077 875 1,329 15,926 143 1,683 218 2,044 17,970 – – – – 140 57,055 14,378 (49) (32,110) 39,414 54,198 $ 139 56,282 9,630 (79) (32,110) 33,862 51,832 TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except per share data) Index Net sales Cost of sales Gross profit Operating expenses: Engineering, design and product development Selling and marketing General and administrative Operating income (loss) Interest and other income (expense): Interest expense Interest income Other, net Income (loss) before income taxes Income tax (expense) benefit Net income (loss) Net income (loss) per common share: Basic Diluted Shares used in per-share calculation: Basic Diluted See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. F-5 Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ 72,631 34,231 $ 58,139 33,727 38,400 24,412 9,442 9,934 13,318 32,694 8,570 11,326 12,193 32,089 5,706 (7,677) (310) 55 452 197 5,903 (1,155) $ 4,748 0.48 0.47 $ $ 9,951 10,021 (208) – (16) (224) (7,901) 1,965 (5,936) (0.60) (0.60) 9,905 9,905 $ $ $ Index TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (in thousands) Net income (loss) Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax Comprehensive income (loss) See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. F-6 Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ $ 4,748 30 (5,936) (222) 4,778 $ (6,158) Index Balance, December 31, 2021 Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options Issuance of common stock on restricted stock units Relinquishment of stock awards and deferred stock units to pay withholding taxes Share-based compensation expense Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax Net loss Balance, December 31, 2022 Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options Issuance of common stock on restricted stock units Relinquishment of stock awards and deferred stock units to pay withholding taxes Share-based compensation expense Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax Net income Balance, December 31, 2023 TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (in thousands, except share data) Common Stock Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Equity 9,872,889 $ 139 $ 55,246 $ 15,566 $ (32,110) $ 143 $ 38,984 17,500 47,931 (26,437) – – – – – – – – – – – (119) 1,155 – – – – – – – (5,936) – – – – – – – – – – – – (119) 1,155 (222) – (222) (5,936) 9,911,883 139 56,282 9,630 (32,110) (79) 33,862 1,875 58,705 (13,652) – – – – 1 – – – – – – (87) 860 – – – – – – – 4,748 – – – – – – – – – – – 1 (87) 860 30 – 30 4,748 9,958,811 $ 140 $ 57,055 $ 14,378 $ (32,110) $ (49) $ 39,414 See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. F-7 Index TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income (loss) Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Share-based compensation expense Depreciation and amortization Deferred income tax benefit Loss on the disposal of fixed assets Foreign currency transaction losses Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable Employee retention credit receivable Inventories Prepaid income taxes Other current and long-term assets Accounts payable Accrued liabilities and other liabilities Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from bank borrowings Withholding taxes paid on stock issuance Payment of bank financing costs Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents, end of period Supplemental cash flow information: Interest paid Income taxes paid Non-cash capital expenditures See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. F-8 Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ 4,748 $ (5,936) 860 1,489 1,020 – (30) 4,248 1,500 (5,658) (322) (10) (2,988) 650 5,507 1,155 1,332 (2,141) 2 6 (6,421) – (4,378) 137 167 3,103 754 (12,220) (901) (901) (1,299) (1,299) – (87) – (87) 2,250 (119) (69) 2,062 (144) (54) 4,375 7,946 12,321 268 160 23 $ $ (11,511) 19,457 7,946 129 62 54 $ $ Index 1. Description of business TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TransAct Technologies Incorporated (together with its subsidiaries, “TransAct,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”), which has its headquarters in Hamden, Connecticut and its primary operating facility in Ithaca, New York, operates in one operating segment: software-driven technology and printing solutions for high growth markets including food service technology, casino and gaming and “point of sale” (“POS”) automation markets. Our solutions are designed from the ground up based on market and customer requirements and are sold under the BOHA!TM, AccuDate™, Epic, Ithaca®, and EPICENTRAL® product brands. We sell our products to original equipment manufacturers, value-added resellers, select distributors, and directly to end- users. Our product distribution spans across the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, the Caribbean Islands and the South Pacific. TransAct also provides world-class service, spare parts, accessories and printing supplies to its growing worldwide installed base of products. We also generate revenue from the after-market side of the business, providing printer and terminal service, consumables and spare parts in addition to revenue from our two software solutions; (i) our line of BOHA! software applications used to automate the back-of-house operations of restaurants, convenience stores and food service operators and (ii) the EPICENTRAL Print System (“EPICENTRAL”), that enables casino operators to create promotional coupons and marketing messages and print them in real time at the slot machine. Current Business Trends After strong demand during the year due in part to our primary competitor’s struggle to deliver products in the face of supply chain constraints, in late 2023, we began to see indications of a temporary slowdown in demand in the casino and gaming market, as customers that had built up excess inventory due to supply chain concerns advised us that they would temporarily reduce orders until their stock normalized. This slowdown impacted our results in the fourth quarter of 2023, and we expect this trend to continue to impact results in 2024. Further, our primary competitor in the casino and gaming market has resumed supplying product with increasing volume in 2024, which has begun to result in downward pricing pressure in that market and could exacerbate the demand slowdown, either of which could negatively impact our worldwide casino and gaming sales. In addition, we have experienced cost increases as a result of current economic conditions, most of which we have been able to offset by increasing prices of our products. However, there can be no guarantee that we will be able to increase prices sufficiently to offset any future such cost increases that cannot be predicted, and we may be impacted by supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures and other global economic conditions that may affect the markets we serve and from which we source our supplies and parts. Balance Sheet, Cash Flow and Liquidity. During the third quarter of 2023, we began a cost reduction initiative to reduce our overall level of operating expenses that includes reducing employee headcount, trade show, advertising and other promotional marketing expenses, certain third party engineering resources and other expenses, and to a lesser extent, certain general and administrative expenses. We expect these actions will result in approximately $3 million of annualized savings beginning in 2024, partially offset by typical annual inflationary and cost of living increases in operating expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there is no assurance that the cost-cutting efforts we have taken to bring expenses in line with our revenue and mitigate the impact of global economic conditions such as supply chain disruptions and inflation are sufficient or adequate, and we may be required to take additional measures, as the ultimate extent of the effects of these risks on the Company, our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and cash flows are uncertain and are dependent on evolving developments which cannot be predicted at this time. After reviewing whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about our ability to meet future financial obligations over the 12 months following the date on which the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Form 10-K”) were issued, including consideration of the actions taken to manage expenses and liquidity, we believe that our net cash to be provided by operations combined with our cash and cash equivalents and borrowing availability under our revolving credit facility will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our current obligations, capital spending, and working capital requirements and to comply with the financial covenants of our credit facility over at least 12 months following such issuance date. Use of Assumptions and Estimates Management’s belief that the Company will be able to fund its planned operations over the 12 months following the date on which the Consolidated Financial Statements were issued is based on assumptions which involve significant judgment and estimates of future revenues, inflation, rising interest rates, capital expenditures and other operating costs. Our current assumptions are that casinos and restaurants will remain open and consumer traffic will continue to remain strong during 2024. Though demand for our products at casinos has increased substantially post-COVID, we cannot predict the ultimate impact of the current economic environment, including inflation, rising interest rates and supply chain disruptions on our customers, which may impact sales. We believe that we are positioned to withstand the impact of any potential economic downturn or slower than anticipated economic recovery and we would be able to take additional financial and operational actions to cut costs and/or increase liquidity. In addition, the presentation of the accompanying audited Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Our estimates include those related to revenue recognition, accounts receivable, inventory obsolescence, goodwill and intangible assets, the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, depreciable lives of equipment, share-based compensation and contingent liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates used. F-9 Smaller Reporting Company As a smaller reporting company, as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, we may choose to prepare our disclosures relying on certain scaled disclosure requirements for smaller reporting companies in Regulation S-K and in Article 8 of Regulation S-X. The scaled disclosure requirements for smaller reporting companies permit us (i) to include less extensive narrative disclosure than required of other reporting companies, particularly in the description of executive compensation in our proxy statement and (ii) to provide audited financial statements for two fiscal years in our Form 10-K, in contrast to other reporting companies, which must provide audited financial statements for three years. We will cease to be a smaller reporting company if we have (i) equal to or greater than $250 million in market value of our shares held by non-affiliates as of the last business day of our second fiscal quarter and (ii) if the market value of our shares held by non-affiliates does not exceed $700 million as of the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, equal to or greater than $100 million in annual revenues for the most recent fiscal year. Index 2. Summary of significant accounting policies Principles of consolidation: The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the audited Consolidated Financial Statements of TransAct and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which require consolidation, after the elimination of intercompany accounts, transactions and unrealized profit. Use of estimates: The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Segment reporting: We apply the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, “Segment Reporting.” We view our operations and manage our business as one segment: the design, development and marketing of software-driven technology and printing solutions and providing printer and terminal related software, services, supplies and spare parts. Factors used to identify TransAct’s single operating segment include the organizational structure of the Company and the financial information available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions about how to allocate resources and assess performance. Cash and cash equivalents: We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less at date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Accounts receivable and credit losses: The Company records accounts receivable when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. We establish an allowance for expected credit losses to ensure trade receivables are valued appropriately. We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our net sales of products and services to our customers which are recorded as Accounts Receivable, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We evaluate each customer’s ability to pay through assessing customer creditworthiness, historical experience and current economic conditions through a reasonable forecast period. Factors considered in our evaluation of assessing collectability and risk include: underlying value of any collateral or security interests, significant past due balances, historical losses and existing economic conditions including country and political risk. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from estimates or that consideration of these factors in the future will not result in an increase or decrease to the allowance for credit losses. We may require collateral or prepayment to mitigate credit risk. We estimate expected credit losses of financial assets with similar risk characteristics. We determine an asset is impaired when our assessment identifies there is a risk that we will be unable to collect amounts due according to the contractual terms of the agreement. We monitor our ongoing credit exposure through reviews of customer balances against contract terms and due dates, current economic conditions and dispute resolution. Estimated credit losses are written off in the period in which the financial asset is no longer collectible. The following table summarizes the activity recorded in the allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable: (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period Additions charged to costs and expenses Deductions Balance, end of period Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 351 $ 606 (189) 768 $ 219 140 (8) 351 Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of average cost or net realizable value. We review net realizable value based on estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business less estimated costs of completions, disposal and transportation, historical usage and estimates of future demand. Based on these reviews, inventory write-downs are recorded, as necessary, to reflect estimated obsolescence, excess quantities and net realizable value. Effective April 1, 2022, TransAct changed its method of inventory valuation from standard costing which approximated the “first-in, first-out” (“FIFO”) costing methodology to the average costing methodology. F-10 Index Fixed assets: Fixed assets are stated at cost. Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life of tooling is five years; machinery and equipment is ten years; furniture and office equipment is five years to ten years; and computer software and equipment is three years to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the term of the lease or the useful life of the asset. Costs related to repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. The costs of sold or retired assets are removed from the related asset and accumulated depreciation accounts and any gain or loss is recognized. Depreciation expense was $1.3 and $1.1 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Leases: We account for leases in accordance with ASC 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”), which requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification determines whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method for finance leases or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease for operating leases. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less are accounted for based on existing guidance for operating leases. If risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control, the lease is treated as financing. If the lessor does not convey risks and rewards or control, the lease is treated as operating. We have elected certain practical expedients available under ASC 842 upon adoption. We have applied the practical expedient for short-term leases. We have lease agreements that include lease and non-lease components, and we have not elected the practical expedients to combine these components for any of our leases. We enter into lease agreements for the use of real estate space and certain equipment under operating leases and we have no financing leases. We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. Our leases are included in “Right-of-use assets” and “Lease liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Right of use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease right of use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. On April 26, 2022, we entered into an amendment to modify the expiration date of our lease on our Las Vegas, Nevada facility. The lease was set to expire on November 1, 2022 and the amendment extended the lease term to November 30, 2025. The lease amendment resulted in an increase to the right-of-use- asset and lease liability of $0.8 million. The lease amendment modified the base rent. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by using the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Our lease right of use asset excludes lease incentives. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to four years, some of which include options to extend. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion and our lease right of use assets and liabilities reflect only the options we are reasonably certain that we will exercise. Goodwill and intangible assets: We acquire businesses in purchase transactions that result in the recognition of goodwill and intangible assets. The determination of the value of intangible assets requires management to make estimates and assumptions. In accordance with ASC 350-20 “Goodwill,” acquired goodwill is not amortized but is subject to impairment testing at least annually and when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate it is more likely than not an impairment exists. We perform a fair value-based impairment test to the carrying value of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis and, if certain events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have been incurred, on an interim basis. The Company utilizes the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the Step 1 quantitative goodwill impairment test in accordance with the applicable accounting standards. Under the qualitative assessment, management considers relevant events and circumstances including but not limited to macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, Company performance and events directly affecting the Company. If the Company determines that the Step 1 quantitative impairment test is required, management estimates the fair value of the reporting unit primarily using the income approach, which reflects management’s cash flow projections, and also evaluates the fair value using the market approach. Factors considered that may trigger an interim period impairment review of either acquired goodwill or intangible assets are: significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business; significant negative industry or economic trends; and significant decline in market capitalization relative to net book value. Finite lived intangible assets are amortized and are tested for impairment when appropriate. As of December 31, 2023, we have determined that no goodwill or intangible asset impairment has occurred and the fair value of goodwill was substantially higher than our carrying value based on our assessment as of December 31, 2023 when our annual review for impairment was performed. Revenue recognition: We account for revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606: Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In accordance with ASC 606, a performance obligation is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. Some of our contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation, while other contracts contain multiple performance obligations (most commonly when contracts include a hardware product, software and extended warranties). A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring services to the customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, such as price protection, reserves for returns and other allowances, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing either the “expected value” method or the “most likely amount” method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. F-11 Index For a majority of our revenue, which consists of printers, terminals, consumables, and replacement parts, the Company recognizes revenue as of a point of time. The transaction price is recognized upon shipment of the order when control of the goods is transferred to the customer and at the time the performance obligation is fulfilled. We also sell a software solution in our casino and gaming market, EPICENTRAL, that enables casino operators to create promotional coupons and marketing messages and to print them in real time at the slot machine. EPICENTRAL is primarily comprised of both a software component, which is licensed to the customer, and a hardware component. EPICENTRAL software and hardware are integrated to deliver the system’s full functionality. The transaction prices from EPICENTRAL software license and hardware are recognized upon installation and formal acceptance by the customer when control of the license is transferred to the customer. For out-of-warranty repairs, the transaction price is recognized after the repair work is completed and the printer or terminal is returned to the customer, as control of the product is transferred to the customer and our performance obligation is completed. Performance obligations are satisfied over time if the customer receives the benefits as we perform work, if the customer controls the asset as it is being produced, or if the product being produced for the customer has no alternative use and we have a contractual right to payment. For our separately priced extended warranty, BOHA! cloud-based software applications, technical support for our food service technology terminals and maintenance agreements (including free one-year maintenance received by customers upon completion of EPICENTRAL installation) revenue is recognized over time as the customer receives the benefit. The transaction price from the maintenance services is recognized ratably over time, using output methods, as control of the services is transferred to the customer. Our cloud-based BOHA! software allows customers to use hosted software over the contract period on a subscription basis without taking possession of the software and the subscription price is recognized ratably over the contract period. For extended warranties, the transaction price is recognized ratably over the warranty period, using output methods, as control of the services is transferred to the customer. When there is more than one performance obligation in a customer arrangement, the Company typically uses the “standalone selling price” method to determine the transaction price to allocate to each performance obligation. The Company sells the performance obligations separately and has established standalone selling prices for its products and services. In the case of an overall price discount, the discount is applied to each performance obligation proportionately based on standalone selling price. To determine the standalone selling price for initial EPICENTRAL installations, the Company uses the adjusted market assessment approach. For contracts with terms of less than 12 months, the Company expenses sales commissions as they are incurred, since the expected amortization period of the cost to obtain a contract is less than 12 months. Disaggregation of revenue The following table disaggregates our revenue by market type, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from revenues. Year Ended December 31, 2023 (In thousands) Food service technology POS automation Casino and gaming TransAct Services Group Total net sales (In thousands) Food service technology POS automation Casino and gaming TransAct Services Group Total net sales United States $ 15,159 $ 6,805 28,715 7,381 58,060 $ International Total 1,149 $ 117 12,477 828 14,571 $ 16,308 6,922 41,192 8,209 72,631 United States $ Year Ended December 31, 2022 11,602 $ 10,657 17,686 4,089 44,034 $ International Total 762 $ 2 12,343 998 14,105 $ 12,364 10,659 30,029 5,087 58,139 $ $ Contract balances Contract assets consist of unbilled receivables. Pursuant to the over-time revenue recognition model, revenue may be recognized prior to the customer being invoiced. An unbilled receivable is recorded to reflect revenue that is recognized when such revenue exceeds the amount invoiced to the customer. Unbilled receivables are separated into current and non-current assets and included within “Accounts Receivable, net” and “Other Assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We first recorded contract assets during 2020 upon the start of a long-term BOHA! contract. Contract liabilities consist of customer prepayments and deferred revenue. Customer prepayments are reported as “Accrued Liabilities” in current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and represent customer payments made in advance of performance obligations in instances where credit has not been extended and is recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is complete. Deferred revenue is reported separately in current liabilities and non-current liabilities and consists of our extended warranty contracts, technical support for our food service technology terminals, EPICENTRAL maintenance contracts and prepaid software subscriptions for our BOHA! software applications, and is recognized as revenue as (or when) we perform under the contract. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized revenue of $1.4 million related to our contract liabilities as of December 31, 2022. F-12 Index Net contract (liabilities) assets consist of the following: (In thousands) Unbilled receivables, current Unbilled receivables, non-current Customer pre-payments Deferred revenue, current Deferred revenue, non-current Net contract (liabilities) assets December 31, 2023 2022 145 $ 120 (155) (1,079) (209) (1,178) $ 392 163 (101) (1,329) (143) (1,018) $ $ Remaining performance obligations Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for which a good or service has not been delivered to our customer. As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $8.2 million. The Company expects to recognize revenue on $7.9 million of its remaining performance obligations within the next 12 months following December 31, 2023, $0.2 million within the next 24 months following December 31, 2023 and the balance of these remaining performance obligations within the next 36 months following December 31, 2023. Concentration of credit risk: Financial instruments that potentially expose us to concentrations of credit risk are limited to cash and cash equivalents held by our banks in excess of insured limits and accounts receivable. Accounts receivable from customers representing 10% or more of total accounts receivable, net were as follows: International Gaming Technology (“IGT”) The Bright Group Sales to customers representing 10% or more of total net sales were as follows: IGT December 31, 2023 2022 28% 9% 12% 11% December 31, 2023 2022 15% 10% Engineering, design and product development: Engineering, design and product development expenses include expenses incurred in connection with specialized engineering and design to introduce new products and to customize existing products, and are expensed as a component of operating expenses as incurred. We recorded $9.4 million and $8.6 million of research and development expenses in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Costs incurred in the engineering, design and product development of a computer software product are charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established, at which point all material software costs are capitalized within Intangible assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheet until the product is available for general release to customers. While judgment is required in determining when technological feasibility of a product is established, we have determined that it is reached after all high-risk development issues have been documented in a formal detailed plan design. The amortization of these costs has been included in cost of sales over the estimated life of the product. Advertising: Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses, which are included in selling and marketing expense on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for 2023 and 2022 totaled $1.7 million and $3.1 million, respectively. These expenses include items such as consulting, professional services, tradeshows, and print advertising. Income taxes: The income tax amounts reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are accounted for under the liability method in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. We assess the likelihood that net deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income, and to the extent that we believe that realization is not likely, we establish a valuation allowance. In accordance with ASC 740, we identified, evaluated and measured the amount of benefits to be recognized for our tax return positions. Foreign currency translation: The financial position and results of operations of our foreign subsidiary in the UK are measured using local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of such subsidiary have been translated into U.S. dollars at the year-end exchange rate, related sales and expenses have been translated at the weighted average rate for the period, and shareholders’ equity has been translated at historical exchange rates. The resulting translation gains or losses, net of tax, are recorded in shareholders’ equity as a cumulative translation adjustment, which is a component of accumulated other comprehensive income and loss. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses, including those related to intercompany balances, are recognized in Other, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. F-13 Index Share-based payments: At December 31, 2023, we have share-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 9 - Stock incentive plans. We account for those plans under the recognition and measurement principles of ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” Share-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the employee’s requisite service period. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of share-based awards. The key assumptions for this valuation method include the expected term of the option, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, market price of our underlying stock and exercise price. Many of these assumptions require judgment and are highly sensitive in the determination of compensation expense. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. Net income (loss) per share: We report net income or loss per share in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share (EPS).” Under this guidance, basic EPS, which excludes dilution, is computed by dividing income or loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. Diluted EPS includes in-the-money stock options using the treasury stock method. During a loss period, the assumed exercise of in-the-money stock options has an anti-dilutive effect, and therefore, these instruments are excluded from the computation of diluted EPS. See Note 11 - Earnings per share. Recently issued accounting pronouncements: In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU and its related amendments (collectively, the “Credit Loss Standard”) modifies the impairment model to utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the incurred loss methodology for financial instruments, including trade receivables, contract assets and off-balance sheet credit exposures. The Credit Loss Standard requires consideration of a broader range of information to estimate expected credit losses, including historical information, current economic conditions and a reasonable forecast period. This Credit Loss Standard requires that the statement of operations reflect estimates of expected credit losses for newly recognized financial assets as well as changes in the estimate of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period, which may result in earlier recognition of certain losses. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2023, and this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. On November 27, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280). The amendments improve reportable segment disclosures requirements and clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment and contain other disclosure requirements. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. These segment disclosure requirements must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard; however, we do not expect it to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. On December 14, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740). This ASU requires the use of consistent categories and greater disaggregation in tax rate reconciliations and income taxes paid disclosures. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. These income tax disclosure requirements can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard; however, we do not expect it to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. 3. Inventories The components of inventories are: (In thousands) Raw materials and purchased component parts Finished goods 4. Fixed assets, net The components of fixed assets, net are: (In thousands) Tooling, machinery and equipment Furniture and office equipment Computer software and equipment Leasehold improvements Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization Construction in-process December 31, 2023 $ $ 9,382 $ 8,377 17,759 $ 2022 8,884 3,144 12,028 December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ F-14 $ 7,562 2,078 8,190 2,895 20,725 (18,646) 2,079 342 2,421 $ 6,859 1,882 8,348 2,883 19,972 (17,656) 2,316 465 2,781 Index 5. Intangible assets, net Identifiable intangible assets are recorded in Intangible assets, net in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and are comprised of the following: December 31, 2023 2022 (In thousands) Purchased technology Patents Total Accumulated Amortization Gross Amount Gross Amount $ 1,591 $ 15 1,606 $ $ (1,503) $ (15) (1,518) $ Accumulated Amortization (1,349) (15) (1,364) 1,591 $ 15 1,606 $ Amortization expense was $154 thousand and $155 thousand in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense for each of the next five years ending December 31 is expected to be as follows: $88 thousand in 2024; and none thereafter. 6. Accrued liabilities The components of accrued liabilities are: (In thousands) Salaries and compensation related Taxes Professional and consulting Other 7. Retirement savings plan December 31, 2023 2022 3,455 $ 870 161 461 4,947 $ 2,744 530 371 432 4,077 $ $ We maintain a 401(k) plan under which all full-time employees are eligible to participate at the beginning of the month immediately following their date of hire. We match employees’ contributions at a rate of 50% of employees’ contributions up to the first 6% of the employees’ compensation contributed to the 401(k) plan. Our matching contributions, net of applied forfeitures, were $230 thousand and $355 thousand in 2023 and 2022, respectively. 8. Borrowings Credit Facility On March 13, 2020, we entered into the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Siena Credit Facility with Siena Lending Group LLC (the “Lender”). The Siena Credit Facility provides for a revolving credit line of up to $10.0 million and was originally scheduled to expire on March 13, 2023. Borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility bear a floating rate of interest equal to the greatest of (i) the prime rate plus 1.75%, (ii) the federal funds rate plus 2.25%, and (iii) 6.50%. The total deferred financing costs related to expenses incurred to complete the Siena Credit Facility were $245 thousand. We also pay a fee of 0.50% on unused borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility. Borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility are secured by a lien on substantially all the assets of the Company. Borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility are subject to a borrowing base based on 85% of eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of (a) $5.0 million and (b) 50% of eligible raw material and 60% of finished goods inventory. The Siena Credit Facility imposes a financial covenant on the Company and restricts, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness and create other liens. On July 21, 2021, the Company entered into an amendment (“Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 1”) to the Siena Credit Facility. Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 1 changed the financial covenant under the Siena Credit Facility from a minimum EBITDA covenant to an excess availability covenant requiring that the Company maintain excess availability of at least $750 thousand under the Siena Credit Facility, tested as of the end of each calendar month, beginning with the calendar month ended July 31, 2021. From July 31, 2021 through December 31, 2023, we remained in compliance with our excess availability covenant. On July 19, 2022, the Company and the Lender entered into Amendment No. 2 (“Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2”) to the Siena Credit Facility as amended by Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 1. Also on July 19, 2022, the Company and the Lender entered into an Amended and Restated Fee Letter (the “Amended Fee Letter”) in connection with Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2. Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2 did not modify the aggregate amount of the revolving commitment or the interest rate applicable to the loans. The changes to the Siena Credit Facility provided for in Siena Credit Facility Amendment No. 2 include, among other things, the following: (i) The extension of the maturity date from March 13, 2023 to March 13, 2025; and (ii) The termination of the existing blocked account control agreement and entry into a new “springing” deposit account control agreement, permitting the Company to direct the use of funds in its deposit account until such time as (a) the sum of excess availability under the Siena Credit Facility and unrestricted cash is less than $5 million for 3 consecutive business days or (b) an event of default occurs and is continuing. F-15 Index In addition, the Amended Fee Letter requires the Company, while it retains the ability to direct the use of funds in the deposit account, to maintain outstanding borrowings of at least $2,250,000 in principal amount. If the Company does not have the ability to direct the use of funds in the deposit account, then the Amended Fee Letter requires the Company to pay interest on at least $2,250,000 principal amount of loans, whether or not such amount of loans is actually outstanding. On May 1, 2023, the Company and the Lender agreed to a letter amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Siena Credit Facility. Prior to such amendment, Section 7.1(m) of the Loan and Security Agreement governing the Siena Credit Facility required that any successor to the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer be reasonably acceptable to the Lender. This amendment confirmed that Mr. Dillon, the Company’s current Chief Executive Officer, is an acceptable successor, and applied the same requirement to any future successor to Mr. Dillon as Chief Executive Officer. As of December 31, 2023, we had $2.3 million of outstanding borrowings under the Siena Credit Facility and $5.9 million of net borrowing capacity available under the Siena Credit Facility. 9. Stock incentive plans Stock incentive plans. We currently have two stock incentive plans: the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, which provide for awards to executives, key employees, directors and consultants. The plans generally provide for awards in the form of: (i) incentive stock options, (ii) non- qualified stock options, (iii) restricted stock, (iv) restricted stock units (which may include performance-based vesting), (v) stock appreciation rights or (vi) limited stock appreciation rights. Awards granted under these plans have exercise prices equal to 100% of the fair market value of the common stock at the date of grant. Awards granted have a ten-year term and generally vest over a two-year to four-year period, unless automatically accelerated for certain defined events. As of May 2014, no new awards may be made under the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan. Under our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended in May 2023, we are authorized to grant awards of up to 2,900,000 shares of TransAct common stock. At December 31, 2023, 981,769 shares of common stock remained available for issuance under the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan. Under the assumptions indicated below, the weighted-average per share fair value of stock option grants for 2023 and 2022 was $4.16 and $4.39, respectively. We also issued restricted stock units for certain executives and directors that vest over a specified period of time, and in some instances require achieving certain performance metrics. The weighted-average per share fair value of these restricted stock units was $7.21 and $8.43 in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The table below indicates the key assumptions (on a weighted-average basis) used in the option valuation calculations for options granted in 2023 and 2022 and a discussion of our methodology for developing each of the assumptions used in the valuation model: Expected option term (in years) Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 7.0 55.6% 4.2% 0.0% 7.1 51.3% 2.2% 0.0% Expected Option Term - This is the weighted average period of time over which the options granted are expected to remain outstanding giving consideration to our historical exercise patterns. Options granted have a maximum term of ten years and an increase in the expected term will increase compensation expense. Expected Volatility – The stock volatility for each grant is measured using the weighted average of historical daily price changes of our common stock over the most recent period approximately equal to the expected option term of the grant. An increase in the expected volatility factor will increase compensation expense. Risk-Free Interest Rate - This is the U.S. Treasury rate in effect at the time of grant having a term approximately equal to the expected term of the option. An increase in the risk-free interest rate will increase compensation expense. Dividend Yield –The dividend yield is calculated by dividing the annual dividend declared per common share by the weighted average market value of our common stock on the date of grant. An increase in the dividend yield will decrease compensation expense. We recorded $0.9 and $1.2 million of share-based compensation expense for 2023 and 2022, respectively, included primarily in general and administrative expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We also recorded income tax benefits of $0.2 million in 2023 and $0.3 million in 2022, related to such share-based compensation. At December 31, 2023, these benefits are recorded as a deferred tax asset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. F-16 Index Equity award activity in the 2005 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, is summarized below: Stock Options Restricted Stock Units Outstanding at December 31, 2022 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Outstanding at December 31, 2023 * weighted average exercise price per share ** weighted average grant stock price per share Number of Shares 1,355,955 $ 309,800 (1,875) (271,655) (77,750) 1,314,475 $ Average Price* Number of Units Average Price** 9.08 6.91 4.25 7.72 8.90 8.82 214,286 $ 210,100 (58,705) (181,145) – 184,536 $ 9.28 7.21 9.55 8.34 – 7.76 The following summarizes information about equity awards outstanding that are vested and expect to vest and equity awards that are exercisable at December 31, 2023: Equity Awards Vested and Expected to Vest Equity Awards That Are Exercisable Awards Average Price* Aggregate Intrinsic Value Stock Options Restricted stock units 1,314,475 $ 184,536 8.82 $ – 316 1,288 * weighted average exercise price per share ** weighted-average contractual remaining term in years Remaining Term** Awards 4.0 2.7 968,972 $ – Average Price* Aggregate Intrinsic Value 9.31 $ – 167 – Remaining Term** 2.2 – Shares that are issued upon exercise of employee stock awards are newly issued shares and not issued from treasury stock. As of December 31, 2023, unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested equity awards granted under our stock incentive plans is approximately $4.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.3 years. The total fair value of awards vested was $1.3 million and $1.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The total intrinsic value (which is the amount by which the stock price exceeded the exercise price on the date of exercise) of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $3 thousand and $40 thousand, respectively, and cash received from option exercises was zero in both 2023 and 2022. 1,875 and 17,500 stock options were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We recorded a realized tax provision in 2023 and 2022 from equity-based awards of zero and $13 thousand, respectively, related to options exercised. 10. Income taxes The components of the income tax expense (benefit) are as follows: (In thousands) Current: Federal State Foreign Deferred: Federal State Foreign Income tax expense (benefit) December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ (1) $ 51 85 135 825 132 63 1,020 1,155 $ 149 110 (83) 176 (1,924) (217) – (2,141) (1,965) Our effective tax rates were 19.6% and (24.9%) for 2023 and 2022, respectively. The tax benefit recorded for 2022 includes the recognition of stock option cancellations for which no benefit was realized. At December 31, 2023, we have no federal net operating loss carryforwards, $0.1 million of tax-effected state net operating loss carryforwards, $0.7 million in R&D credit carryforwards, and no state tax credit carryforwards. Foreign income before taxes were $322 thousand and $24 thousand in 2023 and 2022, respectively. F-17 Index Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Our deferred tax assets and liabilities were comprised of the following: (In thousands) Deferred tax assets: Federal net operating losses Foreign net operating losses State net operating losses Accrued severance Capitalized R&D expenses Inventory reserves Deferred revenue Warranty reserve Stock compensation expense Other accrued compensation R&D credit carryforward Other Assets Other liabilities and reserves Gross deferred tax assets Valuation allowance Net deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization Other Net deferred tax liabilities Total net deferred tax assets December 31, 2023 2022 – $ 733 84 165 3,127 896 31 24 790 404 695 360 – 7,309 (719) 6,590 237 49 286 6,304 $ 2,297 676 149 – 1,708 648 41 17 769 222 1,238 – 463 8,228 (656) 7,572 196 49 245 7,327 $ $ As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had a $719 thousand and $656 thousand, respectively, of valuation allowances on our net operating loss carryforwards. The following table summarizes the activity recorded in the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets: (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period Subtractions released to income tax provisions Additions charged to income tax provision Balance, end of period Differences between the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate and our effective income tax rate are analyzed below: Federal statutory rate R&D credit Foreign-derived intangible income deduction Stock award excess tax benefit State income taxes, net of federal income taxes Business meals and entertainment Executive compensation limitation Uncertain tax positions Stock option cancellations Valuation allowance and tax accruals Other Effective tax rate F-18 Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 656 – 63 719 $ $ 733 (77) – 656 Year Ended December 31, 2022 2023 21.0% (5.9) (1.7) 0.4 2.5 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.3 19.6% 21.0% 4.3 – – 1.1 – – (0.5) (1.9) 1.0 (0.1) 24.9% We had $197 thousand and $142 thousand of total gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in any future periods. We are not aware of any events that could occur within the next twelve months that could cause a significant change in the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits. A tabular reconciliation of the gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of the year is as follows: (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period Tax positions taken during the current period Lapse of statute of limitations Balance, end of period December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 142 $ 83 (28) 197 $ 144 26 (28) 142 We expect $40 thousand of the $197 thousand of unrecognized tax benefits will reverse in 2024 upon the expiration of the statute of limitations. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision. We have accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions of $25 thousand and $34 thousand as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of certain state and foreign jurisdictions. We have substantially concluded all U.S. federal income tax, state and local, and foreign tax matters through 2019. However, our federal tax returns for the years 2020 through 2023 remain open to examination. Various state and foreign tax jurisdiction tax years remain open to examination as well, though we believe that any additional assessment would be immaterial to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Index 11. Earnings per share Earnings per share was computed as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Net income (loss) Shares: Basic: Weighted average common shares outstanding Add: Dilutive effect of outstanding equity awards as determined by the treasury stock method Diluted: Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding Net income (loss) per common share: Basic Diluted Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ 4,748 $ (5,936) 9,951 70 10,021 9,905 – 9,905 $ 0.48 $ 0.47 (0.60) (0.60) The computation of diluted earnings per share excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock awards, including stock options, restricted stock units and performance stock awards, when the average market price of the common stock is lower than the exercise price of the related stock award during the period. These outstanding stock awards are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be anti-dilutive. Furthermore, in periods when a net loss is reported, such as in 2022, basic and diluted net loss per common share are calculated using the same method. Anti-dilutive stock awards excluded from the computation of earnings per dilutive share were 1.1 million and 1.5 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 12. Stock repurchase program We use the cost method to account for treasury stock purchases, under which the price paid for the stock is charged to the treasury stock account. Repurchases of our common stock are accounted for as of the settlement date. During 2023 and 2022, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock. From January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2019, we repurchased a total of 4,044,842 shares of common stock for $32.1 million, at an average price of $7.94 per share. F-19 13. Geographic area information Information regarding our operations by geographic area is contained in the following table. These amounts in the geographic area table are based on the location of the customer and asset. (In thousands) Net sales: United States International Total Fixed assets, net: United States International Total Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 58,060 $ 14,571 72,631 $ 44,034 14,105 58,139 945 $ 1,476 2,421 $ 2,252 529 2,781 $ $ $ $ Sales to international customers were 20% and 24% of total sales in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Sales to Europe represented 64% and 68%, sales to the Pacific Rim (which includes Australia and Asia) represented 29% and 28%, and sales to Canada represented 4% of total international sales in both 2023 and 2022, respectively. International long-lived assets consist of net fixed assets located at our foreign subsidiary in the UK, as well as our contract manufacturer in Thailand. Index 14. Leases Operating lease expense was $1.1 million and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is reported as “Cost of sales,” “Engineering, design and product development expense,” “Selling and marketing expense,” and “General and administrative expense” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Operating costs include short-term lease costs. The following information represents supplemental disclosure for the statement of cash flows related to operating leases (in thousands): Operating cash outflows from leases The following summarizes additional information related to our leases: Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) Weighted average discount rate The maturity of the Company’s operating lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands): 2024 2025 2026 Total undiscounted lease payments Less imputed interest Total lease liabilities F-20 Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ 1,013 $ 967 Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 1.7 4.4% 2.7 4.5% December 31, 2023 $ $ 985 713 22 1,720 71 1,649 15. Quarterly results of operations (unaudited) Our quarterly results of operations for 2023 and 2022 are as follows: (In thousands, except per share amounts) 2023: Net sales Gross profit Net income (loss) Net income (loss) per common share: Basic Diluted 2022: Net sales Gross profit Net (loss) income Net (loss) income per common share: Basic Diluted 16. Related party transactions March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Quarter Ended $ $ $ 22,270 12,255 3,139 $ 19,906 10,858 765 $ 17,190 8,916 906 0.32 0.31 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 $ 9,702 2,566 (4,348) (0.44) (0.44) $ 12,623 5,434 (2,376) (0.24) (0.24) $ 17,856 8,193 528 0.05 0.05 13,265 6,371 (62) (0.01) (0.01) 17,958 8,219 260 0.03 0.03 One of the Company’s directors serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of The One Group Hospitality, Inc. The Company sold various food service technology products to The One Group Hospitality, Inc. on an arms’ length basis totaling $246 thousand and $37 thousand in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company’s accounts receivable from The One Group Hospitality, Inc. amounted to $34 thousand and $4 thousand in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Index 17. Subsequent events The Company has evaluated all events or transactions that occurred up to the date the consolidated financial statements were available to issue. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements. F-21 DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES Exhibit 4.2 The following description of the capital stock of TransAct Technologies Incorporated (“we,” “our” or “us”) includes a summary of some of the detailed provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and Amended and Restated By-Laws (the “By- Laws”). These statements do not purport to be complete or to give full effect to the provisions of statutory or common law, and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, the terms of our Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws. We encourage you to read our Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws for a more complete description. General Our authorized capital stock consists of 20,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 per share. Common Stock Voting Rights Stockholders are entitled to one vote for each share of our common stock held of record on all matters on which stockholders are entitled or permitted to vote. Our common stock does not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. As a result, holders of a majority of the shares of our common stock voting for the election of directors can elect all the directors standing for election. Dividend Rights Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of our preferred stock designated by our Board of Directors (the “Board”) from time to time, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of legally available funds when and if declared from time to time by our Board. Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities, subject to preferences applicable to shares of our preferred stock, if any, then outstanding. No Preemptive or Similar Rights Our common stock has no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation. Fully Paid The outstanding shares of our common stock are fully paid and nonassessable. Transfer Agent and Registrar The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Co. Listing Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market under the trading symbol “TACT.” Preferred Stock Our Certificate of Incorporation authorizes our Board to issue, without stockholder approval, additional shares of preferred stock out of the authorized shares noted above. Our Board may fix and determine the designation, relative rights, preferences and limitations of such shares of preferred stock. 1 Phased Declassification of Board of Directors Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that directors elected to the Board prior to our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders were divided into three classes, with each class as nearly equal in numbers as the then total number of directors constituting the entire Board permitted, with the term of office of one class expiring each year and each director generally holding office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders held in the third year following such director’s election. However, our Certificate of Incorporation provides for the phased-in declassification of the Board over a three-year period beginning at our 2023 annual meeting of stockholders and resulting in the annual election of all directors. This phased-in declassification does not affect the unexpired term of any director elected prior to the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders. Directors elected at the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders and at each subsequent annual meeting are elected to one-year terms until the first annual meeting of stockholders next following the director’s election and until the director’s successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. As a result, our Board would be fully declassified following our 2025 annual meeting of stockholders. Our By-Laws further provide that any director appointed by the Board to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship will hold office (a) if appointed prior to the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders, for a term coinciding with the remaining term of the class to which such director was elected, and if appointed at or following the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders, for a term expiring at the next annual meeting of stockholders, and in each case will serve until the director’s successor is duly elected and qualified, subject to such director’s prior death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office. Effects of Certain Corporate Governance Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Our By-Laws Special Meetings Our By-Laws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board and shall be called upon the written request of the Board or of the holders of record shares having a majority of the voting power of our capital stock. Our By-Laws also require stockholders requesting a special meeting of stockholders to deliver, along with the written request, background information on themselves and the proposals requested to be acted on at any such special meeting. Size of Board Our By-Laws provide that the size of the Board shall be determined by resolution adopted by the Board. Limits on Stockholder Action by Written Consent Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that holders of our common stock may take action only by a vote taken at a meeting held pursuant to prior notice and may not act by written consent in lieu of a meeting. Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations Our By-Laws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of persons for election to the Board. In order for any matter to be properly brought before a meeting of our stockholders, a stockholder will have to comply with advance notice requirements and provide us with certain information. Generally, to be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received by our Secretary not less than 60 days or more than 90 days prior to the one-year anniversary date on which we first mailed our proxy materials for the preceding year’s annual meeting of stockholders. Our By-Laws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. Our By-Laws allow the Chair of the Board, or any other person designated by the Board or the Chair of the Board, to act as chair of the meeting at a meeting of the stockholders and to adopt rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings, which may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the rules and regulations are not followed. These provisions may also deter, delay or discourage a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to influence or obtain control of us. Exclusive Forum Our By-Laws provide that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, all claims, including claims in the right of TransAct, brought by a current or former stockholder (including a current or former beneficial owner) (i) that are based upon a violation of a duty by a current or former director or officer or stockholder in such capacity or (ii) as to which the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware confers jurisdiction upon the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, shall be brought solely and exclusively in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if such court declines to accept jurisdiction, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware, or, if such other court declines to accept jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware). These provisions may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against us or our directors and officers. Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law We are a Delaware corporation that is subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 generally prevents Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a “Business Combination” with an “Interested Stockholder,” or an affiliate or associate of an Interested Stockholder, for three years following the date that the stockholder became an Interested Stockholder. An Interested Stockholder is a stockholder who owns 15% or more of a corporation’s outstanding voting stock. 2 A Business Combination includes a merger or sale of more than 10% of a corporation’s assets. However, the above provisions of Section 203 do not apply if: • • • the board of directors approves the transaction that made the stockholder an Interested Stockholder prior to the date of the transaction; after the completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder, that stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, other than statutorily excluded shares of common stock; or on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at a meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by an affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the Interested Stockholder. A Delaware corporation may “opt out” of Section 203 with an express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or an express provision in its certificate of incorporation or by-laws resulting from amendments approved by holders of at least a majority of a corporation’s outstanding voting stock. We have not “opted out” of the provisions of Section 203. Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that no director will be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, liability of a director may not be limited: • • • • for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders, for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or knowing violation of law, in respect of certain unlawful dividend payments or stock redemptions or repurchases, and for any transaction from which the director derives an improper personal benefit. The effect of this provision of our Certificate of Incorporation is to eliminate our rights and the rights of our stockholders to recover monetary damages against a director for breach of the fiduciary duty of care as a director, including breaches resulting from negligent or grossly negligent behavior, except in the situations described above. This provision does not limit or eliminate our rights or the rights of any stockholder to seek non-monetary relief such as an injunction or rescission in the event of a breach of a director’s duty of care. In addition, our Certificate of Incorporation provides that we will indemnify our directors, officers, employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted by law. We may purchase and maintain insurance or furnish similar protection on behalf of any officer or director against any liability asserted against the officer or director and incurred by the officer or director in such capacity, or arising out of the status, as an officer or director. 3 LEASE AGREEMENT Exhibit 10.16 THIS AGREEMENT, made and entered into as of the 18th day of July, 2001, by and between BOMAX PROPERTIES, LLC, a New York limited liability company with an office at 42 Esty Drive, Ithaca, New York 14850 (hereinafter referred to as “Bomax”), and TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED, a Delaware corporation with an office at 7 Laser Lane, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492 (hereinafter referred to as “TransAct”). That in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows: W I T N E S S E T H : ARTICLE I LEASED PROPERTY A. Real Property. Bomax hereby leases and lets, and TransAct hereby hires, that certain parcel of land known as 20 Bomax Drive, Village of Lansing, County of Tompkins, State of New York, particularly described in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part hereof (referred to herein as the “Premises”, the “premises”, the “demised premises”, or the “Leased Property”). The Premises are shown as PARCEL 2 on a survey map by T. G. Miller Associates, P.C., dated October 11, 1988, last amended on December 11, 1996, being a 7.54 acre parcel on Bomax Drive in the Village of Lansing, improved by facilities, and currently occupied by TransAct. TransAct shall pay one-half (50%) of the maintenance costs pursuant to a maintenance agreement between Bomax and Bernard Malloy, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit B. B. Representations and Warranties. Bomax represents and warrants the following matters: use of the Premises for the purposes allowed under this Lease. (1) The Leased Property is zoned for use as a light manufacturing facility and no zoning law or other legal requirement prohibits the (2) At the time TransAct takes possession of the Premises, the Premises will be in compliance with all laws, ordinances and regulations. (3) On and after the Commencement Date of this Lease, the Leased Premises shall be free and clear of all liens and encumbrances which could adversely affect the use and enjoyment of the Leased Property in accordance with the terms of this Lease. (4) The Leased Property is, and upon the Commencement Date shall be, free of any petroleum or petroleum product, hazardous waste, hazardous material, hazardous substances or any other contaminant or pollutant. In the event that during the Lease Term any such substance is discharged onto or released from the Leased Property (other than from causes arising out of TransAct’s use or occupancy of the Leased Property), Bomax shall promptly take all appropriate and necessary remedial action and indemnify and hold TransAct harmless from all costs and expenses thereof. (5) The Leased Property is served by public water and all buildings on the Leased Property are connected to the public water system. 2 ARTICLE II TERM The term of this Lease shall extend for a period of ten (10) years (“Lease Term”), commencing on the date on which Bomax delivers to Transact a certificate of compliance and/or certificate of occupancy (“Commencement Date”) for the improvements shown on the following drawings prepared by Tallman & Tallman: T-Tl - Site Plan - Revised 5-24-01 T-T2 - Foundation Plan - 5-24-01 T-T3 - First Floor Plan - 5-24-01 T-T4 - Elevations - 5-24-01 T-T5 - Sections - 5-24-01 T-T6 - Wall Sections - 5-24-01 T-T7 - Plan at Existing Courtyard - revised 6-12-01 T-T8 - Sections - Existing Courtyard - 5-24-01 TransAct has the option to renew this Lease for two (2) additional five (5) year terms (each an “Option Term”). TransAct shall notify Bomax in writing of its intent to renew at least one hundred eighty (180) days prior to the end of the original Lease Term or of the first five (5) year Option Term. ARTICLE III RENT A. Rent. Upon commencement of the term of this Lease, TransAct shall pay to Bomax rent for the Leased Property during the term of this Lease on a gross square footage basis as determined by the exterior dimensions of the building. The total gross square footage is 73,887 square feet comprised of: (1) The square footage of the building prior to the construction of the improvements mentioned in Article II above: 60,079 (footprint of building (63,059) less area of Courtyard (3,260) plus 2 vestibules at 140 sq. ft. each) 3 (2) Courtyard infill: 3,260 (3) Warehouse addition: 10,548 NOTE: Rent is not due and payable for the area of the removed greenhouse (441 sq. ft.), if relocated. Total 73,887 sq. ft. Rent shall be paid at the following annual rates: Years 1-5 $7.00 per gross square foot (i.e., $517,208) Years 6-10 $7.50 per gross square foot (i.e., $554,152.50) The rent shall be due and payable in equal monthly installments, in advance, on the first day of each and every month during the term of this Lease. If this Lease commences on a day other than the first of a month, the rent for the first and last months shall be prorated accordingly. TransAct shall pay said monthly rental payments without notice or demand and without abatement, deduction or set off except as expressly provided herein, in lawful money of the United States at the office of Bomax or at such other place as Bomax may designate in writing. In the event TransAct fails to pay a monthly rental payment or additional rent or any other charge due Bomax by TransAct under this Lease by the fifth day of the month, TransAct shall pay, as additional rent, a five percent (5%) late charge on the amount due. B. Triple Net Lease. It is intended that this shall be a triple net lease. Under the terms of this Lease, it is contemplated and agreed that TransAct, in addition to paying the rent above, shall pay all real property taxes and assessments, utilities and other costs of operation of the Premises, and insurance. 4 C. Renewal Term Rent. In the event TransAct shall exercise the option(s) to renew as provided by Article II, the rental during any Option Term shall be calculated based on the increase, if any, in the cost of living as determined by the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers (CPI-U) “all items” column (published monthly by the United States Department of Labor), hereinafter called the “Index”. (1) The Index number indicated in the column for “all items” for January, 2006 shall be the “Base Index” and the corresponding Index number for January, 2011 shall be the “Current Index Number” for the first Option Term. The Index number for January, 2011 shall be the “Base Index” and the corresponding Index number for January, 2016 shall be the “Current Index Number” for the second Option Term. The rental for the option period(s) shall be calculated using the following formulas: First option period: January, 2011 CPI-U January, 2006 CPI-U x $7.50 = new rent per square foot for 1st option period Second option period: January, 2016 CPI-U x rent per sq. foot = new rent per sq. January, 2011 CPI-U foot for 2nd option period during 1st option period 5 For example, if the January, 2006 CPI-U Index is 201.4*, the January, 2011 CPI-U Index is 231.6*, and the January, 2016 CPI-U Index is 266.3*, the rent per square foot for the first option period shall be $8.62 and the rent per square foot for the second option period shall be $9.91. (231.6 x $7.50 = $8.62/sq. ft.) 201.4 (266.3 x $8.62 = $9.91/sq. ft.) 231.6 *January, 2001 CPI-U Index = 175.1. Assuming 3%/year increase (i.e., 15% in 5 years) January, 2006 CPI-U Index would be 201.4, January, 2011 CPI-U Index would be 231.6, and January 2016 CPI-U Index would be 266.3. (2) Bomax shall, within a reasonable time after obtaining the appropriate data necessary for computing such increase, give TransAct notice of any increase so determined, and Bomax’s computation thereof shall be conclusive and binding (but shall not preclude any adjustment which may be required in the event of a published amendment of the Index figures upon which the computation was based) unless TransAct shall, within sixty (60) days after the giving of such notice, notify Bomax or any claimed error therein. Any dispute between the parties as to any such computation shall be determined by arbitration in accordance with Article IX, Section E. (3) If at the time of any calculation for an increase the Current Index Number is equal to or less than the Base Index number, the annual rent as provided in this Lease shall not be adjusted but shall remain the same for said Option Term. 6 ARTICLE IV REAL PROPERTY TAXES A. Impositions. TransAct shall pay and discharge, as soon as the same shall become due and payable, all real property taxes, special or general, ordinary or extraordinary, assessments, water and sewer rents, charges for public utilities, excises, levies, license and permit fees, and other governmental charges which shall be imposed upon or become due and payable or become a lien upon the Leased Property or any part thereof, including any building and improvements which may hereafter be placed or erected thereon, or on the sidewalks or streets in front of the same by any federal, state, municipal or other governmental or public authority under existing law or practice, or under any future law or practice (all such real property taxes, assessments, rents, rates, excises, levies and charges being hereinafter referred to as “Impositions”). If, at any time during the term of this Lease, the present method of taxation shall be changed so that the whole or any part of the said Impositions shall be transferred to the rentals received from the said real estate, TransAct covenants and agrees to pay such Impositions, whether levied on said real estate in whole or in part, or against said rentals in whole or in part, it being the intent of the parties that TransAct shall pay the Impositions assessed, levied or imposed upon the Leased Property, as above expressed, but not inheritance, estate, succession, transfer, gift, franchise, corporation, income or profit taxes or an equivalent, and TransAct agrees to protect and save Bomax harmless against any such Impositions. If any assessments may be paid in installments, however, TransAct shall be required to pay only such installments as become due and payable during the term of this Lease and at the time each such installment becomes due and payable. Upon Bomax’s written request, copies of all receipted tax and similar bills paid by TransAct shall be sent promptly to Bomax. Impositions for periods during which this Lease terminates shall be apportioned as of termination of the Lease Term. 7 B. Tax Abatement. Bomax and TransAct agree that the Leased Property (or certain improvements thereon) may qualify for a Tompkins County Industrial Development Agency (“TCIDA”) tax abatement. The parties agree that there are certain fees to be paid in the first year by Bomax to TCIDA for which Bomax is entitled to a credit against payments in lieu of taxes. TransAct understands and agrees that this credit belongs to Bomax and TransAct will reimburse Bomax for the amount of the credit upon rendition by Bomax to TransAct of a statement verifying the amount of such fees. C. Default. Upon default in the payment of any impositions by TransAct for thirty (30) days after the said Impositions shall have become due and payable, Bomax may, but shall not be obligated to, pay the same plus any interest and penalties and any amount so paid, with interest at the rate of prime plus 2% per annum, as charged from time to time by Tompkins Trust Company or its successor may be added to and be collectible as additional rental hereunder. The bill or receipt issued by the taxing agency shall be deemed conclusive evidence of the amount of tax and the amount paid. D. Tax Challenge. TransAct shall have the right to review or contest, by legal proceedings instituted and conducted at TransAct’s own expense and free of expense to Bomax, any such Impositions imposed upon or against the Leased Property, and in case any such Impositions shall, as a result of such proceeding or otherwise, be reduced, cancelled, set aside or to any extent discharged, TransAct shall be obligated to pay the amount that shall be finally assessed or imposed against the Leased Property, or be adjudicated to be due and payable, on any such disputed or contested items. 8 In the event TransAct exercises its right to review, by legal proceedings, any such Impositions imposed upon or against the Leased Property, TransAct shall, nevertheless, pay and continue to pay such Impositions, and if there be a refund payable with respect thereto, TransAct shall be entitled to receive any such refund to the extent that the same has been paid by TransAct. Any refunds received by Bomax, which are payable to TransAct for the reasons stated above, shall be deemed trust funds, and as such, are to be received by Bomax in trust and paid to TransAct forthwith. The term “legal proceedings” as here used shall be construed to include (but not limited to) appropriate appeals from any judgments, decrees or orders, and certiorari proceedings and appeals from orders therein, including appeals to the court of last resort. E. Tax Escrow. In the event that Bomax is required, by its lender or any other entity or agency, to pay the aforesaid Impositions in the first instance and/or establish an escrow account for the payment of such taxes, TransAct agrees to reimburse Bomax for any taxes paid, and to fund any escrow account to the extent required, on a monthly basis, together with any amounts required by the lender to establish, initially, the escrow account; it is the intention of the parties that TransAct will hold Bomax harmless against the payment of any real estate taxes or Impositions, this being a triple net lease, as expressed in ARTICLE III, paragraph B above. Any such reimbursement and payment into the aforesaid escrow account shall be regarded as additional rent due under this Lease. Notwithstanding this reference to the escrow account obligation as additional rent or anything else in the Lease to the contrary, the escrow account and any interest therein (to the extent paid and/or reimbursed by TransAct to Bomax) shall at all times remain the property of TransAct. 9 ARTICLE V UTILITIES Upon commencement of the Lease Term, and at all times during this Lease, TransAct shall pay all charges for utilities, including, but not limited to, gas, electricity, light, heat, water, sewer rental charges, power and telephone or other communication service used, rendered or supplied, upon or in connection with the Leased Property, and shall indemnify Bomax against any liability or damages on such account. ARTICLE VI USE TransAct shall use and occupy the Leased Property for purposes of light manufacturing and offices. TransAct shall not use or occupy, or permit the Leased Property to be used or occupied, nor do or permit anything to be done in or on the Leased Property, in a manner which will in any way violate any certificate of occupancy affecting the Leased Property, or make void or voidable any insurance then in force with respect thereof, or which will make it impossible to obtain fire or other insurance required to be furnished hereunder, or which will cause such insurance to increase, or which will cause or be likely to cause structural damage to the building or any part thereof, or which will increase the hazard of fire, or which shall be in violation of the rules of the Board of Fire Underwriters or the provisions of the insurance policies on the premises of which TransAct shall have notice, or which will constitute a public or private nuisance, and shall not use or occupy the Leased Property in any manner which will violate any present or future laws or regulations of any governmental authority. 10 TransAct agrees that the Leased Property will be used and occupied in a careful, safe and proper manner, and that TransAct will not permit waste, damage or injury to occur therein. ARTICLE VII CONDITION OF PROPERTY Neither Bomax nor its agents have made any other representations with respect to the Leased Property, except as expressly set forth in the provisions of this Lease. Bomax hereby assigns all of its right, title and interest (including specifically all remedies) in all warranties and guarantees with respect to the construction of the buildings on the Premises, including all additions thereto. Bomax shall turn over to TransAct all documents and literature evidencing such warranties and shall execute written assignments of all rights thereunder, as and when requested by TransAct. 11 ARTICLE VIII ALTERATIONS/MECHANICS LIENS A. Alterations. TransAct will not make any alterations of or upon any part of the Leased Property except by or with the written consent of Bomax and any mortgagee, if required by the mortgagee. Bomax agrees not to withhold unreasonably its consent to any such alterations proposed by TransAct. Notwithstanding the foregoing, TransAct shall be entitled to place on the Leased Property one identifying sign, which sign shall conform to the requirements of the Village of Lansing Sign Ordinance, without Bomax’s consent. No change or alteration shall at any time be made which shall impair the structural soundness or diminish the value of the Leased Property, and all alterations will be completed in a workmanlike manner. All alterations to the Leased Property shall remain for the benefit of Bomax unless otherwise provided in said written consent, and TransAct further agrees, in the event of making such alterations as herein provided, to indemnify and save harmless Bomax from any expenses, liens, claims or damages to persons or property on the Leased Property arising out of or resulting from the undertaking or making of said alterations. TransAct shall provide as-built plans for all alterations at the termination of this Lease. No changes or alterations shall be undertaken until TransAct shall have procured and paid for any required municipal and other governmental permits and authorizations of the various municipal departments and governmental subdivisions having jurisdiction. 12 If any alterations, additions or improvements are made to the demised premises with the consent of Bomax, TransAct shall have no obligation to restore the demised premises to its original condition. In the event, however, any alterations, additions or improvements are made to the demised premises without the consent of Bomax, TransAct shall, upon the expiration of this Lease, or any renewal thereof, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by Bomax and TransAct, restore the demised premises to its original condition as of the date of the commencement of the Lease Term, without consideration given for normal wear and use. Nothing in this Article shall be deemed or construed as (a) Bomax’s consent to any person, firm or corporation for the performance of any work or services or the supply of any materials to the Premises or any improvement thereof, or (b) giving TransAct or any other person, firm or corporation any right to contract for or to perform or supply any work, services or materials that would permit or give rise to a lien against the Premises or any part thereof. B. Mechanic’s Liens. If, because of any act or omission by TransAct, any mechanic’s or other lien for the payment of money shall be filed against the Leased Property, TransAct shall cause the lien to be discharged of record or bonded within ten (10) days after notice to TransAct of the filing of the lien and TransAct shall defend, indemnify and hold Bomax harmless against any and all costs, liabilities, suits or claims, including reasonable attorney’s fees, resulting therefrom. If TransAct fails to comply with the foregoing provision, Bomax shall have the option of discharging or bonding any such lien, and TransAct shall reimburse Bomax as additional rent all the costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney fees, in connection with such discharge within ten (10) days after notification by Bomax. 13 ARTICLE IX REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE A. Bomax’s Repairs. Except where damage is caused by TransAct, Bomax, at Bomax’s expense, shall promptly make all necessary structural repairs to the roof, foundation and exterior walls. Bomax shall assign to TransAct, or make other suitable arrangements for TransAct to obtain the benefit of, all builder’s and equipment warranties, including warranties on pipes, plumbing and septic system. Bomax covenants that it will obtain warranties of substantially the same duration as previously provided to TransAct. No diminution of rent shall be claimed or allowed for inconvenience or discomfort arising from the making of structural repairs to the roof, foundation and exterior walls of Leased Property unless TransAct cannot use or access all or a substantial portion of the Leased Premises for a period of five days or more. B. TransAct’s Repairs. TransAct shall, at its own expense, promptly make all other necessary structural repairs and replacements to the Leased Property during the term of this Lease. TransAct shall maintain in a good and safe condition the Leased Property, including, but not limited to, the pipes, plumbing and septic systems, heating and cooling system, window glass, fixtures, appliances, appurtenances and equipment used in connection with the Leased Property. Such repairs and replacements shall apply to the interior and exterior of said Leased Property, and shall be in quality and class at least equal to the original work. TransAct shall also, at its own expense, maintain and keep the parking area and sidewalks and curbs in a clean and orderly condition (including resurfacing of the parking area as required), reasonably free of dirt, rubbish, snow, ice and unlawful obstructions. In the event connection to the municipal sewer system is required, the cost of connection to such services shall be borne by TransAct. 14 C. Default. On default of TransAct in making such repairs or replacements, 30 days after Bomax gives written notice to TransAct and a right to cure such default, Bomax may, but shall not be required to, make any remaining repairs and replacements for TransAct’s account, and the expense thereof shall constitute and be collectible as additional rent. The receipted bills of the mechanics or contractors employed by Bomax, showing the payment by Bomax for the making of such repairs or alterations, shall be prima facie evidence of the reasonableness of such charges therefor, and of their payment by Bomax. D. Indemnification. TransAct shall indemnify Bomax against all costs, expenses, liabilities, losses, damages, suits, fines, penalties, claims and demands, including reasonable counsel fees, because of TransAct’s failure to comply with the foregoing, and TransAct shall not call upon Bomax for any disbursement or outlay whatsoever in connection therewith, and hereby expressly releases and discharges Bomax of and from any liability therefor. 15 E. Arbitration. In case any dispute shall arise at any time between Bomax and TransAct as to the standard of care and maintenance of the Leased Property, such dispute shall be determined by arbitration according to the then-current commercial arbitration rules of the American Arbitration Association in Ithaca, New York, before a single arbitrator; provided, that if the requirement for making repairs or replacements is imposed by any governmental authority or the holder of any mortgage to which this Lease is subordinate, then such requirement for repairs or replacements shall be complied with by TransAct and shall not be considered an arbitratable dispute, unless arbitration is provided for by law or by agreement with the applicable governmental authority or mortgage holder. ARTICLE X INSPECTION TransAct agrees to permit Bomax, or Bomax’s representatives, to inspect or examine the Leased Property at any reasonable time, to permit Bomax to make structural repairs to the roof, foundation and exterior walls as provided by Article IX, Section A, and to permit Bomax to make such repairs to the building as Bomax may determine are reasonably necessary for its safety or preservation and which TransAct has failed to do, and to have access for purpose of showing the premises to prospective tenants during the last six months of the Lease Term only or purchasers. 16 ARTICLE XI SURRENDER OF PREMISES At the expiration of the Lease Term, or at any other termination of this Lease, TransAct shall surrender to Bomax the Leased Property, broom clean, and in as good condition and repair as it was at the commencement of this Lease, ordinary wear and tear or damage by fire or other act of God, the only exceptions. Any holdover by TransAct at the end of this Lease shall be considered to be on a month-to-month basis on the same terms and conditions as expressed herein except the monthly rental payment shall be two times the rental provided at that time unless the parties mutually agree to a different amount. ARTICLE XII INSURANCE A. TransAct’s Insurance. TransAct shall carry at its own expense, fire and extended coverage insurance on its own leasehold improvements, on the contents of the premises and on any other personal property owned by TransAct located at the premises. TransAct, at its sole cost and expense, and for the mutual benefit of Bomax and TransAct, shall carry and maintain loss of rent coverage in an amount equal to at least twelve months’ rent. B. Insurance. Bomax shall procure, provide and maintain insurance for the mutual benefit of Bomax and TransAct against claims for bodily injury or death or injury to or destruction of tangible property, under a policy of general public liability insurance, with $1,000,000.00 combined single limit for bodily injury, death and property damage for each annual policy period. The liability policy provided for in this section shall be primary to any similar coverage maintained by Bomax or TransAct. 17 Bomax shall procure, provide and maintain the necessary insurance and pay the premiums for fire, extended coverage and all risk insurance for the benefit of Bomax against loss or damage to the demised premises, and to any improvements in an amount sufficient to prevent Bomax from becoming a co-insurer under the terms of the applicable policies but, in any event, in an amount not less than 80% of the full insurable value thereof, as determined from time to time. The term “full insurable value” shall mean actual replacement cost (exclusive of cost of excavation, foundations and footings below the ground floor) without deduction for physical depreciation. If TransAct does anything that increases Bomax’s fire insurance premiums, TransAct shall pay the increase in full as additional rent within ten (10) days of Bomax’s notice. C. Reimbursement. TransAct shall reimburse Bomax for the cost of such insurance obtained by Bomax pursuant to Article XII, Section B above. TransAct shall make payment of the premium cost within ten (10) days of the rendering of the bill by Bomax. The cost of such insurance premium shall be considered and treated as additional rent hereunder. If TransAct feels that the premium cost of the insurance procured by Bomax is excessive, TransAct will be entitled to obtain competitive quotes for comparable coverage, and if such quotes are less than the actual cost, Bomax will switch insurance coverage for the next policy year. 18 D. Waiver of Liability. Bomax and all parties claiming under Bomax hereby release TransAct from any and all claims and liabilities arising from or caused by any hazards covered by the fire insurance policy obtained by Bomax on the Premises, regardless of the cause of such casualty. TransAct and all parties claiming under TransAct hereby release Bomax from any and all claims and liabilities arising from or caused by any hazards covered by the fire insurance policy obtained by TransAct on the Premises, regardless of the cause of such casualty. Bomax shall not be liable for any damage to TransAct’s fixture, merchandise or personal property caused by fire regardless of the cause thereof, and TransAct hereby releases Bomax of and from all liabilities for such damage. TransAct shall not be liable for any damages to Bomax’s building, fixtures or property caused by fire regardless of the cause thereof and Bomax hereby releases TransAct from all liabilities for such damage. ARTICLE XIII FIRE OR CASUALTY LOSS In the event of damage to the Leased Property by fire or other casualty, Bomax, at its sole expense, shall promptly restore, upon receipt of insurance proceeds, the Leased Property as nearly as possible to its condition prior to such damage or destruction. All insurance proceeds received by Bomax pursuant to the provisions of this Lease, less the cost, if any, of obtaining such recovery, shall be held by Bomax and applied by Bomax to the payment of such restoration, as such restoration progresses. In the event of any such partial destruction or damage, provided that there shall be in force the loss-of-rent coverage required by Article XII, Section A (TransAct’s Insurance), there shall be a proportionate abatement of rent until such time as the Leased Property is repaired and delivered to TransAct based upon the extent to which the Leased Property is rendered untenantable. 19 If, at any time during the term of this Lease, the Leased Property is completely destroyed or so damaged by fire or other casualty covered by insurance as to render it unfit for its designated use, and repair or restoration cannot be completed within nine months, upon written notice from Bomax to TransAct within ten (10) days of the casualty that Bomax cannot complete repair or restoration within nine months, either party may terminate this Lease on written notice to the other party of at least ten days and no more than forty-five days. Such notice shall be given within sixty days after the date of such damage or destruction or after the date of the written notice from Bomax to Transact that Bomax cannot complete repair or restoration within nine months, whichever is later. If the Lease shall so terminate, all basic and additional rent shall be apportioned to the date of the casualty, and all insurance proceeds shall belong to Bomax. If the Lease is not so terminated, Bomax shall promptly rebuild and restore the Leased Property as nearly as possible to its condition prior to such damage. TransAct’s obligation to pay rent and all other charges, and to perform all other terms of this Lease shall abate during the period the Leased Property cannot be accessed or used in substantially the same manner as they had been used prior to the appropriation. Any loss of rent insurance proceeds receivable on account of such destruction or damage shall belong to Bomax. 20 ARTICLE XIV LIABILITY Bomax shall not be liable to TransAct or those claiming under TransAct for any damage done to or loss of personal property located in the Premises, or damage or loss suffered by the business or occupation of TransAct arising from the bursting of water pipes, sprinkler system, overflowing or leaking of water, sewer or other pipes, or from the heating or plumbing fixtures or from the electric wiring, or from gas odors or from any other cause whatsoever, unless resulting from the negligence or intentional acts of Bomax. ARTICLE XV COVENANT OF QUIET ENJOYMENT TransAct, upon the payment of the rent and other charges herein provided for, and performing all other terms of this Lease, shall at all times during the Lease Term, peaceably and quietly enjoy the Premises without any disturbance from Bomax or from any other person claiming through Bomax. 21 ARTICLE XVI SUBORDINATION This Lease is and shall be subject and subordinate to any mortgage or mortgages now in force or which shall at any time be placed upon the Premises or any part thereof or the building of which the Premises is a part, provided the mortgage contains a standard non-disturbance clause allowing this Lease and Transact’s rights hereunder to remain in effect without modification so long as TransAct is not in default hereunder and, in the event of a fire or other casualty, gives Bomax access to insurance proceeds to enable Bomax to fulfill its obligations under Article XIII. TransAct agrees that it will, upon demand, execute and deliver such instruments as necessary to subordinate this Lease to the lien of any such mortgage or mortgages as shall be desired by any mortgagee, or proposed mortgagee, and in the event of the failure of TransAct to execute such instrument, TransAct hereby nominates and appoints Bomax its attorney-in-fact for such purpose. ARTICLE XVII ASSIGNMENT TransAct shall have the right to assign this Lease, or to sublease the Leased Property for any purpose lawful under the Village of Lansing Zoning Law without the consent of Bomax. TransAct shall remain liable for the payment of all rent and other charges to be paid hereunder and for the performance of all the terms, covenants and conditions herein undertaken by TransAct for the remainder of the original term and any renewal term or terms. If Bomax in its sole discretion consents to an assignment by TransAct, Bomax shall release and discharge TransAct from any further obligation under this Lease or any renewal term or terms. 22 Bomax shall have the right to assign the within Lease to a corporation or to a partnership or proprietorship now in existence or hereinafter formed, with no further obligation on the part of Bomax, provided such assignment will not have an adverse affect on any tax abatement applicable to the Leased Premises. Upon such assignment, Bomax shall have no further liability hereunder. TransAct shall not mortgage or pledge its leasehold interest in the Premises or its rights under this Lease, except upon the written consent of Bomax, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. ARTICLE XVIII APPROPRIATION If the whole of the Leased Property, or such portion of the building thereon as will make the Leased Property unsuitable for use as a manufacturing facility and offices, is taken by condemnation or the right of eminent domain, or by agreement between Bomax and those authorized to exercise such right, then, in any of such events, this Lease shall cease and be terminated from the time when possession is taken by such public authority, and rental and other payments shall be accounted for between Bomax and TransAct as of the date of surrender of possession. Such termination shall be without prejudice to the rights of either Bomax or TransAct to recover compensation from the condemning authority for any loss or damage caused by such condemnation. Any portion of an award attributable to the Leased Property shall be the sole property of Bomax, provided TransAct is entitled to claim, prove and receive the value of its leasehold improvements, fixtures and moving costs. Neither Bomax nor TransAct shall have any rights in or to any award made to the other by the condemning authority. 23 If the Leased Property can be accessed and used in substantially the same manner as they had been used prior to the appropriation, this Lease shall continue in effect, but there shall be a proportionate abatement of rent based upon the extent of the appropriation. ARTICLE XIX TRANSACT DEFAULTS An event of default is the happening of any of the following: A. A rental payment or additional rental payment or any part thereof, shall at any time be in arrears and unpaid for a period of five (5) days after written notice thereof to TransAct; B. TransAct shall fail to keep and perform any of the covenants, agreements or conditions of this Lease on TransAct’s part to be kept or performed after thirty (30) days’ notice in writing thereof has been delivered to TransAct, and such default shall not have been cured within said thirty (30) days; C. TransAct shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors; D. The interest of TransAct in the Premises shall be sold under execution or other legal process; 24 E. TransAct shall file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy or be adjudged a bankrupt; F. A receiver shall be appointed for TransAct by any court. If such default or condition is not corrected or remedied or TransAct has not substantially undertaken a cure within the applicable time period, if any, this Lease and the rights of TransAct thereunder shall, at Bomax’s option, cease and terminate. Bomax shall provide written notice of such termination to TransAct. Bomax shall have the right to enter and repossess said Leased Property by force, summary or dispossess proceedings, or otherwise, and to dispossess and remove therefrom any and all occupants and their effects without being liable to prosecution or damages therefore, and to hold said premises as if this Lease had ceased by expiration through maturity of the term above specified. TransAct shall pay or cause to be paid to Bomax the deficits between the monthly amount of the rent hereby reserved and the monthly amount of rents which shall be collected and received or might with due diligence be collected and received from the Leased Property during the remainder of Lease Term as the several amounts of such deficits shall from month to month be ascertained. If Bomax at any time is compelled to pay or elects to pay any sum of money, by reason of the failure of TransAct to comply with any provision of this Lease, or if Bomax reasonably incurs any expense, including reasonable attorney’s fees, in instituting, prosecuting and/or defending any action or proceeding instituted by reason of any default of TransAct hereunder, the sum or sums so paid by Bomax, with all interest costs and damages, shall be deemed to be additional rent hereunder and shall be due from TransAct to Bomax within ten (10) days following the incurring of such respective expenses. Bomax and TransAct agree that in any action or proceeding brought by either Bomax or TransAct against the other on any matters whatsoever arising out of, under, or by virtue of the terms of this Lease, that Bomax and TransAct shall and do hereby waive trial by jury. 25 TransAct hereby expressly waives (to the extent legally permissible), for itself and all persons claiming by, through or under it, any right of redemption and for the restoration of the operation to this Lease under any present or future law in case TransAct shall be dispossessed for any cause or in case Bomax shall obtain possession of the Leased Property as herein provided. ARTICLE XX BOMAX DEFAULTS Bomax shall be in default of this Lease upon the happening of any of the following events: A. Bomax shall fail to keep and perform any of the covenants, agreements or conditions of this Lease to be kept or performed by Bomax after thirty days notice in writing thereof has been delivered to Bomax, and such default shall not have been cured or a cure has not been substantially commenced within said thirty day period; B. Any of the representations and warranties made by Bomax herein shall prove to have been materially inaccurate when made; 26 C. Bomax shall (i) file a petition in bankruptcy or a petition seeking reorganization or other relief under applicable bankruptcy or creditors’ rights laws or seeking the appointment of a receiver or (ii) have filed against it a petition seeking relief under any of the foregoing which petition shall not have been stayed or dismissed within 60 days after the filing thereof. Upon the occurrence of an event of default specified above, which default is not cured or a cure is not substantially undertaken within the applicable time period, if any, TransAct may terminate this Lease upon written notice to Lessor. The failure of Bomax or TransAct to insist upon a strict performance of any term or condition of this Lease shall not be deemed a waiver of any right or remedy that Bomax or TransAct may have, and shall not be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach of such term or condition. ARTICLE XXI NO WAIVER OR RIGHTS ARTICLE XXII INDEMNIFICATION TransAct will indemnify Bomax against all liabilities, damages and other expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees which may be imposed upon, incurred by, or asserted against Bomax by reason of any of the following occurring during the term of this Lease: A. Any use or condition of the Leased Property (other than a condition existing prior to November 20, 1992 as to Parcel 1, prior to July 1, 1997 as to Parcel 2 or prior to the commencement of this lease as to the new addition, or a condition for which Bomax has created or is responsible under this Lease) or any part thereof; 27 B. Any negligence on the part of TransAct, or its agents, employees, contractors, licensees or invitees; C. Any personal injury or property damage occurring on or about the Leased Property or any adjoining street, sidewalk, curb or space, if caused by the negligence or intentional act of TransAct; D. Any failure on the part of TransAct to perform or comply with any covenant required to be performed or complied with by TransAct hereunder. If any action or proceeding is brought against Bomax by reason of any such occurrence, TransAct will, at TransAct’s expense, resist or defend such action or proceeding by counsel approved by Bomax, which approval shall not be withheld unreasonably. Bomax will indemnify TransAct against all liabilities, damages and other expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, which may be imposed upon, incurred by or asserted against TransAct by reason of any of the following: A. Landlord’s entry upon or use of the Premises. B. Any negligent or intentional act on the part of Bomax or its agents, contractors, licensees, invitees or employees. C. The failure on the part of Bomax to perform or comply with any covenant or obligation required to be performed or complied with by Bomax hereunder. 28 D. The material breach of any representation or warranty made by Bomax in this Lease. ARTICLE XXIII BENEFIT This Lease and its terms and conditions shall inure to the benefit of Bomax, its successors and assigns, and TransAct, its successors and assigns, limited, however, by the provisions herein expressed to the contrary. An assignment for the benefit of creditors of TransAct by an operation of law shall not be effective to transfer or assign TransAct’s interests herein without and unless Bomax shall first consent thereto in writing. ARTICLE XXIV NOTICES Any notice under this Lease must be in writing and must be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the last address of the party to whom the notice is to be given, as designated by such party in writing. Bomax hereby designates its address as 42 Esty Drive, Ithaca, New York 14850. TransAct hereby designates its address as 20 Bomax Drive, Ithaca, New York 14850. Either party may change its designated address by written notice to the other party, in the manner herein provided. Such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date received by the other party. 29 ARTICLE XXV ENTIRE AGREEMENT This Lease contains the entire agreement and understanding between the parties. There are no oral understandings, terms or conditions, and neither party has relied upon any representation, express or implied, not contained in this Lease. All prior understandings, terms or conditions are deemed merged in this Lease. This Lease cannot be changed or supplemented orally. ARTICLE XXVI CAPTIONS The captions of this Lease are inserted only as a matter of convenience and for reference, and in no way define, limit or describe the scope or intent of this Lease, nor in any way affect this Lease. ARTICLE XXVII SEVERABILITY If any provision of this Lease shall be declared invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of the Lease shall continue in full force and effect. This Lease shall be governed by, construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. ARTICLE XXVIII GOVERNING LAW ARTICLE XXIX RECORDING TransAct shall not record this Lease without written consent of Bomax; however, both parties shall join in the execution of a memorandum or so- called short form of this Lease for the purpose of recordation. Said memorandum or short form of this Lease shall describe the parties, the Premises, the term of this Lease, shall incorporate this Lease by reference and shall contain such other information as is required by statute for recording. 30 ARTICLE XXX TRANSACT’S CERTIFICATE At any time within ten (10) days after request by Bomax, TransAct, by written instrument, duly executed and acknowledged, shall certify to Bomax, any Mortgagee, assignee of a Mortgagee, any purchaser, or any person specified by Bomax, the following: (a) whether or not TransAct is in possession of the Leased Premises; (b) whether or not this Lease is unmodified and in full force and effect (or if there has been modification, that the same is in full force and effect as modified and setting forth such modification); (c) whether or not there are then existing set-offs or defenses against the enforcement of any right or remedy of Bomax, or any duty or obligation of TransAct (and, if so, specifying the same); and (d) dates, if any, to which any rent or other charges have been paid in advance. ARTICLE XXXI NO BROKER Bomax and TransAct warranty and represent that each has dealt with no broker and shall indemnify and hold each other harmless for any and all claims from any broker, including reasonable attorney’s fees. 31 ARTICLE XXXII PRIOR LEASES TERMINATED The parties acknowledge that, as of the Commencement Date, a certain lease dated as of March 23, 1992, as amended by that certain Lease Admendment dated as of October 18, 1993, as further amended by that certain Lease Amendment dated as of December 2, 1996, as further amended by that certain Agreement Regarding the Continuation and Renewal of Lease dated as of July 18, 2001 is terminated and neither party has any rights or obligations under such lease. ARTICLE XXXIII COUNTERPARTS This Lease may be signed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. IN WITNESS, the parties have executed these presents in duplicate as of the day and year first above written. TRANSACT TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED By: /s/ Richard L. Cote RICHARD L. COTE Title: Executive Vice President & CFO BOMAX PROPERTIES, LLC By: /s/ Robert T. Dean ROBERT T. DEAN Title: Manager THE TOMPKINS COUNTY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY By: Title: 32 STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF TOMPKINS ) ) ss: ) On the 19th day of July, 2001, before me, the undersigned, personally appeared ROBERT T. DEAN personally known to me or proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the individual whose name is subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that the individual executed the same in the individual’s capacity, and that by the individual’s signature on the instrument, the individual, or the person upon behalf of which the individual acted, executed the instrument. /s/ June S. Protts Notary Public JUNE S. PROTTS Notary Public, State of New York No. 4527730 Qualified in Tompkins County Commission Expires July 31, 2002 STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF TOMPKINS ) ) ss: ) On the 18th day of July, 2001, before me, the undersigned, personally appeared RICHARD L. COTE personally known to me or proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the individual whose name is subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that the individual executed the same in the individual’s capacity, and that by the individual’s signature on the instrument, the individual, or the person upon behalf of which the individual acted, executed the instrument. /s/ Rebecca A. Carvill Notary Public REBECCA A. CARVILL Notary Public, State of New York No. 01CA6045341 Qualified in Cayuga County Commission Expires July 31, 2002 33 STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF TOMPKINS ) ) ss: ) On the day of , 2001, before me, the undersigned, personally appeared personally known to me or proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the individual whose name is subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that the individual, executed the same in the individual’s capacity, and that by the individual’s signature on the instrument, the individual or the person upon behalf of which the individual acted, executed the instrument. Notary Public 34  AGREEMENT made this 13th day of May, 1992, by and between: BOMAX PROPERTIES, a New York partnership, with offices at 42 Esty Drive, Ithaca, New York (“Bomax”) and BERNARD MALLOY and JUDITH MALLOY, husband and wife, both residing at 833 Van Kirk Road, Newfield, New York (“Malloys”). RECITALS 1. By deed dated November 10, 1989 and recorded in the Tompkins County Clerk’s Office in Book 650 of Deeds at page 1026, Bomax conveyed to Malloys the premises shown on a survey map entitled “SURVEY MAP, PARCEL TO BE CONVEYED BY BOMAX PROPERTIES, LOCATED ON WARREN ROAD, VILLAGE OF LANSING, TOMPKINS CO., N.Y.” dated August 15, 1988, revised February 14, 1989, prepared by T. G. Miller Associates P.C., a copy of which is attached to said deed. 2. Said premises were conveyed by Bomax “Together with and subject to a common driveway 50 feet in width east to west for the benefit of the parcel above described and the premises lying westerly thereof the center line of said common driveway to be the west line of the premises above described and extending southerly from the north line of the [premises above described] to the southerly line of the 20’ drainage easement as shown on the survey map above mentioned.” 3. Bomax continues to be the owner of the premises lying westerly of the premises conveyed to Malloys and intends to develop such premises. 4. The parties wish to extend such common driveway to the south and to specify their rights and obligations with respect to such common driveway. NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the parties agree as follows: 1. The center line of said common driveway shall commence at the northwest corner of Malloys’ property and extend southerly a distance of approximately 120 feet; the common driveway is and shall be as shown on a site plan by Tallman & Tallman, Architects, dated January 27, 1992, entitled “HEADQUARTERS BUILDING - ITHACA PERIPHERALS INC.” which is incorporated herein by reference. 2. Bomax shall be responsible for the original installation and construction of the driveway as shown on said site plan, said driveway to be approximately 23 feet in width. 3. Until such time as Malloys shall develop their property, Bomax shall be responsible for the repair and maintenance of such common driveway, including snow removal. 4. After the Malloys shall have developed their property, each party shall share equally in the cost of the maintenance and repair of such common driveway, including snow removal. Notwithstanding the above, Malloys obligation to share in the cost of maintenance and repair shall be limited to that portion of the common driveway which is located northerly of the driveway to be constructed by them and providing access to their parcel. 5. This agreement shall run with the land and be binding on and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, their respective heirs, distributees and assigns. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this agreement as of the date above mentioned. BOMAX PROPERTIES by /s/ Robert T. Dean by /s/ Maxine Dean /s/ Bernard Malloy BERNARD MALLOY /s/ Judith Malloy JUDITH MALLOY EXHIBIT B STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF TOMPKINS ) ) ss: ) On this 1st day of June, 1992, before me personally came R. T. DEAN and MAXINE DEAN, to me known and known to me to be the members of the partnership of BOMAX PROPERTIES, described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and they duly and severally acknowledged to me that they executed the same as and for the act and deed of said partnership. /s/ William C. Swerbenski Notary Public WILLIAM C. SWERBENSKI Notary Public, State of New York 4602849 Qualified in Tompkins County Term Expires February 28, 1993 STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF TOMPKINS ) ) ss: ) On this 13th day of May, 1992, before me the subscriber, personally appeared BERNARD MALLOY and JUDITH MALLOY, to me personally known and known to me to be the same persons described in the foregoing instrument and they duly and severally acknowledged to me that they executed the same. /s/ W. Charles J. Guttman Notary Public W. CHARLES J. GUTTMAN Notary Public, State of New York No. 4636755 Qualified in Tompkins County Commission Expires June 30, 1994 INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM’S CONSENT Exhibit 23.1 We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement of TransAct Technologies Incorporated on Form S-8 [File Nos. 333-203184, 333-132624, 333-170515, 333-221514, 333-248054 and 333-273888] and Form S-3 [File No. 333-261026] of our report dated March 13, 2024, with respect to our audits of the consolidated financial statements of TransAct Technologies Incorporated as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, which report is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of TransAct Technologies Incorporated for the year ended December 31, 2023. /s/ Marcum LLP Hartford, CT March 13, 2024 RULE 13a-14(a) CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER IN ACCODANCE WITH SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.1 I, John M. Dillon, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of TransAct Technologies Incorporated; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 13, 2024 /s/ John M. Dillon John M. Dillon Chief Executive Officer RULE 13a-14(a) CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER IN ACCODANCE WITH SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.2 I, Steven A. DeMartino, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of TransAct Technologies Incorporated; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 13, 2024 /s/ Steven A. DeMartino Steven A. DeMartino President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32 In connection with the Annual Report of TransAct Technologies Incorporated (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned officers of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of his knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: March 13, 2024 /s/ John M. Dillon John M. Dillon Chief Executive Officer Date: March 13, 2024 /s/ Steven A. DeMartino Steven A. DeMartino President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary Exhibit 97 Clawback Policy in the Event of a Financial Restatement I. Purpose The purpose of this Clawback Policy in the Event of a Financial Restatement, as may be amended from time to time (this “Policy”), is to describe the circumstances under which the Covered Executives (as defined below) will be required to repay or return Incentive Compensation (as defined below) to TransAct Technologies Incorporated (the “Company”). Each Covered Executive is required to sign and return to the Company the acknowledgement form attached to this Policy pursuant to which such Covered Executive will agree to be bound by, and to abide by, the terms of this Policy (“Acknowledgement Form”). This Policy is effective as of October 2, 2023 (the “Effective Date”). II. Administration This Policy shall be administered by the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”). The Committee is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the administration of this Policy. Any determinations made by the Committee shall be final and binding on all affected individuals. III. Definitions For purposes of this Policy, the following capitalized terms have the meanings set forth below. Other defined terms not defined in this section are defined elsewhere in this Policy. A. “Accounting Restatement” means an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement (a) to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements (a “Big R” restatement), or (b) that corrects an error that is not material to previously issued financial statements, but would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period (a “little r” restatement). The following types of changes to financial statements do not represent error corrections, and therefore would not trigger application of this Policy: (a) retrospective application of a change in accounting principle; (b) retrospective revision to reportable segment information due to a change in the structure of the Company’s internal organization; (c) retrospective reclassification due to a discontinued operation; (d) retrospective application of a change in reporting entity, such as from a reorganization of entities under common control; or (e) retrospective revision for stock splits, reverse stock splits, stock dividends or other changes in capital structure. The foregoing list is not intended to be exhaustive and is subject to any changes in applicable accounting standards. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. “Covered Executive” has the meaning set forth in Section IV below. “Eligible Incentive Compensation” means all Incentive Compensation (as defined below) that is Received (as defined below) by a Covered Executive (a) on or after the Effective Date, (b) who served as a Covered Executive at any time during the performance period for that Incentive Compensation, (c) while the Company has a class of securities listed on Nasdaq or other national securities exchange or national securities association, and (d) during the applicable Recovery Period (as defined below). For purposes of clarity, in order for Incentive Compensation to qualify as Eligible Incentive Compensation, all four of the conditions listed in this Section III.C must be satisfied. “Excess Compensation” means, with respect to each Covered Executive in connection with an Accounting Restatement, the amount of Eligible Incentive Compensation that exceeds the amount of Incentive Compensation that otherwise would have been Received had it been determined based on the restated amounts, computed without regard to any taxes paid, as determined by the Committee. “Financial Reporting Measures” are measures that are determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and all other measures that are derived wholly or in part from such measures. Stock price and total shareholder return (and any measures that are derived wholly or in part from stock price or total shareholder return) are considered Financial Reporting Measures for purposes of this Policy. For the avoidance of doubt, a Financial Reporting Measure need not be presented in the Company’s financial statements or included in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). “Incentive Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. Incentive Compensation shall be deemed “Received” by a Covered Executive in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure applicable to such Incentive Compensation is attained, even if payment or grant of the Incentive Compensation occurs after the end of that period. “Recovery Period” means, with respect to any Accounting Restatement, the Company’s three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the Restatement Date (as defined below) and any transition period (that results from a change in the Company’s fiscal year) of less than nine months within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years. “Restatement Date” means the earlier to occur of (a) the date the Board, a committee of the Board or the officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, or (b) the date a court, regulator or other legally authorized body directs the issuer to prepare an Accounting Restatement. IV. Covered Executives This Policy applies to each individual who is or was designated as an “officer” of the Company under Rule 16a-1(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (each a “Covered Executive”), whether or not such Covered Executive is serving at the time the Excess Compensation is required to be repaid to the Company. This Policy will apply without regard to whether any misconduct occurred or whether the Covered Executive had any individual knowledge or responsibility related to the erroneous financial statements necessitating the relevant Accounting Restatement. For the avoidance of doubt, in the event that a Covered Executive commits a significant legal or compliance violation under the Company’s Clawback Policy in the Event of a Legal or Compliance Violation (the “Compliance Violation Clawback Policy”) that leads to an Accounting Restatement under this Policy, the amount to be recovered shall be the greater of the amount of Excess Compensation calculated in accordance with this Policy and the amount determined by the Committee under the Compliance Violation Clawback Policy. V. Recoupment of Excess Compensation; Accounting Restatement A. B. In the event of an Accounting Restatement, the Company will recover reasonably promptly any Excess Compensation in accordance with this Policy. Accordingly, the Committee will promptly determine the amount of any Excess Compensation for each Covered Executive in connection with such Accounting Restatement and will promptly thereafter provide each Covered Executive with a written notice regarding the required repayment or return, as applicable, and setting forth the amount of Excess Compensation due. For Eligible Incentive Compensation based on (or derived from) stock price or total shareholder return where the amount of Excess Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in the applicable Accounting Restatement, the amount will be determined by the Committee based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Accounting Restatement on the stock price or total shareholder return upon which the Eligible Incentive Compensation was Received (in which case, the Company will maintain documentation of the determination of such reasonable estimate and provide such documentation to The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”)). The Committee has broad discretion, based on all applicable facts and circumstances, including consideration of pursuing an appropriate balance of cost and speed of recovery, to determine the appropriate means of recovery of Excess Compensation, subject to it occurring reasonably promptly. To the extent that the Committee determines that a method of recovery other than repayment by the Covered Executive in a lump sum in cash or property is appropriate, the Company will, subject to Section V.D, determine alternative means of recovery, which may include an offer to enter into a repayment agreement (in a form reasonably acceptable to the Committee) with the Covered Executive. For the avoidance of doubt, except as set forth in Section V.D below, in no event may the Company accept an amount that is less than the amount of Excess Compensation in satisfaction of a Covered Executive’s obligations under this Policy. C. D. To the extent that a Covered Executive fails to repay all Excess Compensation to the Company when due (as determined in accordance with Section V.B above), the Company will take all actions reasonable and appropriate to recover such Excess Compensation from the applicable Covered Executive. The applicable Covered Executive may, in the discretion of the Committee, be required to reimburse the Company for any and all expenses reasonably incurred (including legal fees) by the Company in recovering such Excess Compensation in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence. Notwithstanding anything in this Policy to the contrary, the Company will not be required to take the actions contemplated by this Section V if the following conditions are met and the Committee determines that recovery would be impracticable: 1. 2. 3. The direct expenses paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Policy against a Covered Executive would exceed the amount to be recovered, after the Company has made a reasonable attempt to recover the applicable Excess Compensation, documented such attempts and provided such documentation to Nasdaq; Recovery would violate home country law where that law was adopted prior to November 28, 2022, provided that, before determining that it would be impracticable to recover any amount of Excess Compensation based on violation of home country law, the Company has obtained an opinion of home country counsel, acceptable to the Nasdaq, that recovery would result in such a violation and a copy of the opinion is provided to Nasdaq; or Recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to fail to meet the requirements of Sections 401(a)(13) or 411(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations thereunder. VI. Indemnification Prohibition The Company is prohibited from indemnifying any Covered Executive against the loss of any Excess Compensation that is repaid, returned or recovered in accordance with the terms of this Policy or any claims relating to the Company’s enforcement of its rights under this Policy. This prohibition also applies to payment to, or reimbursement of, a Covered Executive for premiums for any insurance policy covering any potential losses under this Policy. Further, the Company may not enter into any agreement that exempts any Incentive Compensation from the application of this Policy or that waives the Company’s right to recovery of any Excess Compensation, and this Policy will supersede any such agreement (whether entered into before, on or after the Effective Date). VII. Amendment; Termination The Committee may amend or terminate this Policy from time to time in its discretion. Notwithstanding anything in this section to the contrary, no amendment or termination of this Policy will be effective if such amendment or termination would (after taking into account any actions taken by the Company contemporaneously with such amendment or termination) cause the Company to violate any federal securities laws, SEC rule or the rules of Nasdaq or any national securities exchange or national securities association on which the Company’s securities are then listed. VIII. Other Recoupment Rights; No Additional Payments The Committee intends that this Policy will be applied to the fullest extent of the law. The Committee may require, through execution of the Acknowledgment Form or otherwise, that any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or any other agreement, plan or arrangement entered into or adopted on or after the Effective Date will, as a condition to the grant of any benefit thereunder, require a Covered Executive to agree to abide by the terms of this Policy. Except as otherwise explicitly provided for in this Policy, any right of recoupment under this Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recoupment that may be available to the Company under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or other applicable law, regulation, rule, or Company policy, or pursuant to the terms of any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or similar agreement, plan or arrangement and any other legal remedies available to the Company. IX. Successors This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Covered Executives and their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives. Appendix TransAct Technologies Incorporated Clawback Policy in the Event of a Financial Restatement Acknowledgment Form By signing below, the undersigned acknowledges and confirms that the undersigned has received and reviewed a copy of the Company’s Clawback Policy in the Event of a Financial Restatement, as may be amended from time to time (the “Policy”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Acknowledgement Form have the meaning set forth in the Policy. By signing this Acknowledgement Form, the undersigned acknowledges and agrees that the undersigned is and will continue to be subject to the Policy both during and after the undersigned’s employment with the Company and that the terms of the Policy are hereby incorporated by reference in any agreement, plan or arrangement providing for payment of Incentive Compensation to any Covered Executive. Further, by signing below, the undersigned agrees to abide by the terms of the Policy, including, without limitation, by returning or repaying any Excess Compensation (as defined in the Policy) to the Company to the extent required by, and in a manner permitted by, the Policy. 

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