Quarterlytics / Technology / Software - Application / TSR, Inc. / FY2018 Annual Report

TSR, Inc.
Annual Report 2018

TSRI · NASDAQ Technology
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Ticker TSRI
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Technology
Industry Software - Application
Employees 501-1000
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FY2018 Annual Report · TSR, Inc.
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A N N U A L  
R E P O R T  
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TSR AT A GLANCE 

TSR is engaged in the business of providing contract computer programming services to its customers.  The Company 
provides  its  customers  with  technical  computer  personnel  to  supplement  their  in-house  information  technology  (“IT”) 
capabilities.    TSR’s  customers  for  its  contract  computer  programming  services  consist  primarily  of  Fortune  1000 
companies  with  significant  technology  budgets.    With  more  than  40  years  of  experience  in  the  information  services 
business,  TSR  is  positioned  to  fulfill  virtually  any  information  technology  temporary  staffing  contract  requirement.  
Extensive recruiting efforts are employed to create and maintain a database of highly qualified professionals who are well-
versed  in  the  latest  technological  advances.  TSR’s  professional  staff  has  extensive  experience  across  a  broad  range  of 
industries from telecommunications and pharmaceuticals to banking and insurance. 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 
(Amounts in Thousands, Except Per Share Data) 

  May 31, 
  2018 

  May 31, 
  2017 

  May 31, 
  2016 

  May 31, 
  2015 

  May 31, 
  2014 

Revenue, Net ........................................................................  

  $  64,990 

  $  62,573 

  $  60,998 

  $  57,403 

  $  49,530 

Income From Operations .....................................................  

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to TSR, Inc. .......................  

Basic Net Income (Loss) Per TSR, Inc. Common Share .....  

909 

486 

0.25 

562 

268 

0.14 

839 

399 

0.20 

432 

193 

25 

(86 ) 

0.10 

(0.04 ) 

Working Capital ...................................................................  

8,113 

7,689 

9,391 

8,986 

8,706 

Total Assets ..........................................................................  

13,372 

14,535 

14,090 

14,051 

13,563 

Total TSR, Inc. Equity .........................................................  

Book Value Per TSR, Inc. Common Share ..........................  
(Total TSR Equity Divided by Common Shares Outstanding) 

8,224 

4.19 

7,738 

9,432 

9,033 

8,840 

3.94 

4.81 

4.60 

4.51 

Cash Dividends Declared Per TSR, Inc. Common Share ....  

  $ 

0.00 

  $ 

1.00 

  $ 

0.00 

  $ 

0.00 

  $ 

0.00 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN 

Dear Stockholders: 

My first full year as Chairman and CEO of TSR has been a rewarding one in several respects.  

Overall, for the year ended May 31st, the Company’s net revenue increased 3.9% from last year to $64.99 
million. Net income attributable to TSR increased 81% from $268,000 in the prior year to $486,000 in the 
current year. Additionally, net income per share increased from $0.14 to $0.25 per share.  

We  attribute  these  increases  in  net income and  net income  per  share to  the increase  in  revenue  and to  a 
decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses compared with the prior year, resulting primarily 
from consolidating certain management responsibilities following the retirement of our former chairman, 
which decrease was offset, to an extent, by additional investments in recruiting resources. 

IT talent is scarce in certain categories 

Here’s the new normal for the IT staffing industry: 
 
  Economic uncertainty reverberates among many clients  
  There is unremitting pressure to squeeze margins by some customers  

Throughout it all, TSR continues to strive to outcompete in the marketplace. 

The three fundamental pillars of the IT staffing business continue to be: sales and marketing; recruiting; 
and administrative or “back office” capabilities.  At TSR, we don’t believe that our “back office” performs 
a  separate  and  isolated  function  –  it  is  imperative  that  all  three  groups  work  together  as  a  team.  This 
approach helps make us nimble and smarter in a world where speed to market is just the first cost of entry. 
But then top quality and right fit trump all.  

Serving  customers  is  our  primary  focus.  This  includes  assisting  our  existing  clients,  many  of  whom  we 
have served for decades, and new clients, whom we cultivate by learning and understanding their needs. 
This year we had particular success in growing our business across several industries. 

Computer technologies and IT needs continue to evolve and increase rapidly worldwide. TSR’s ability to 
adapt  and  evolve  for  more  than  40  years  has  been the cornerstone  for  our  success.   We  will continue to 
pivot as needed to be among the leading service providers for architects and developers in many nascent IT 
areas.  This  includes:  cloud  based  computing,  mobile  based  financial  technology,  robotic  process 
automation,  information  security,  ethical  hacking,  and  penetration  testing.  Delivering  talent  in  these  and 
other new technologies as they develop will fuel our growth. 

As always, we remain relentless in our dedication to listening closely to our customers and their needs, and 
working smartly on their behalf. We believe that this dedication will best serve all of our stockholders. 

I thank you for your ongoing support. 

Sincerely 

Chris Hughes 
President 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

Current assets: 
  Cash and cash equivalents ................................................................................................   $   
  Certificates of deposit and marketable securities ..............................................................  
  Accounts receivable: 

  Trade, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $185,000 in 2018 and 2017 ..............   
  Other   ............................................................................................................................  

  Prepaid expenses ...............................................................................................................  
  Prepaid and recoverable income taxes ..............................................................................  
  Deferred income taxes ......................................................................................................  

2018 

2017 

5,323,437 
537,160 

$   

5,723,976 
1,020,888 

7,227,823 
2,094 
7,229,917 

98,344 
28,214 
- 

7,324,291 
18,455 
7,342,746 

176,397 
94,833 
106,000 

Total Current Assets ........................................................................................  

  13,217,072 

  14,464,840 

Equipment and leasehold improvements, at cost: 
  Equipment .........................................................................................................................  
  Furniture and fixtures ........................................................................................................  
  Automobiles ......................................................................................................................   
  Leasehold improvements ..................................................................................................  

  Less accumulated depreciation and amortization..............................................................  

Other assets .........................................................................................................................  
Deferred income taxes ........................................................................................................  

100,980 
111,107 
19,323 
60,058 
291,468 
263,742 
27,726 

49,653 
78,000 

98,889 
111,107 
19,665 
60,058 
289,719 
269,069 
20,650 

49,653 
- 

Total Assets .......................................................................................................   $    13,372,451 

$    14,535,143 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
Current liabilities: 
  Accounts and other payables.............................................................................................   $   
  Accrued expenses and other current liabilities: 

  Salaries, wages and commissions ..................................................................................  
  Other   ............................................................................................................................  

  Dividends payable .............................................................................................................  
  Advances from customers .................................................................................................   

559,428 

$   

644,834 

3,136,023 
196,990 
3,333,013 

- 
1,211,232 

2,699,686 
138,372 
2,838,058 

1,962,062 
1,330,714 

Total Liabilities .................................................................................................   

5,103,673 

6,775,668 

Commitments and contingencies 

Equity: 
  TSR, Inc. 
  Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, authorized 500,000 shares; none issued .......................  
  Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 12,500,000 shares; 

  issued 3,114,163 shares; 1,962,062 outstanding ............................................................  
  Additional paid-in capital .................................................................................................  
  Retained earnings ..............................................................................................................  

  Less:  Treasury stock, 1,152,101 shares, at cost ...............................................................  
Total TSR, Inc. Equity .....................................................................................   
  Noncontrolling Interest .....................................................................................................  
Total Equity .........................................................................................................................  

- 

- 

31,142 
5,102,868 
  16,604,219 
  21,738,229 
  13,514,003 
8,224,226 
44,552 
8,268,778 

31,142 
5,102,868 
  16,118,011 
  21,252,021 
  13,514,003 
7,738,018 
21,457 
7,759,475 

Total Liabilities and Equity .............................................................................   $     13,372,451 

$     14,535,143 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

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TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
Years ended May 31, 2018 and 2017 

2018 

2017 

Revenue, net .........................................................................................................................    $    64,989,995 

$    62,572,585 

Cost of sales ..........................................................................................................................  
Selling, general and administrative expenses ....................................................................  

  54,609,095 
9,471,523 
  64,080,618 

  52,326,521 
9,683,601 
  62,010,122 

Income from operations ......................................................................................................  

909,377 

562,463 

Other income: 

Interest and dividend income ............................................................................................  
  Unrealized gain from marketable securities, net ..............................................................  

Income before income taxes ................................................................................................   
Provision for income taxes ..................................................................................................  

Consolidated net income  .....................................................................................................  
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest .................................................  

12,381 
15,272 
27,653 

937,030 
381,000 

556,030 
69,822 

10,888 
3,616 
14,504 

576,967 
263,000 

313,967 
45,778 

Net income attributable to TSR, Inc.  ................................................................................   $   

486,208 

$   

268,189 

Net income per TSR, Inc. common share ..........................................................................   $   

0.25 

$   

0.14 

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding ..............................................  

1,962,062 

1,962,062 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

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TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY 
Years ended May 31, 2018 and 2017 

Shares of 
common 
stock 

Common 
stock 

Additional 
paid-in 
capital 

Retained 
earnings 

Treasury 
stock 

TSR Inc. 
equity 

Non- 
controlling 
interest 

   Total 
   equity 

Balance at  
June 1, 2016 ..................................  

3,114,163 

Net income 
attributable to 
noncontrolling 
interest ...........................................  

- 

Distribution to 
noncontrolling 
interest ...........................................  

- 

Cash dividend 
declared .........................................  

- 

Net income 
attributable to 
TSR, Inc.  ......................................  

- 

Balance at  
May 31, 2017 .................................  

3,114,163 

Net income 
attributable to 
noncontrolling 
interest ...........................................  

- 

Distribution to 
noncontrolling 
interest ...........................................  

- 

Net income 
attributable to 
TSR, Inc.  ......................................  

- 

Balance at  
May 31, 2018 .................................  

   3,114,163 

$   31,142 

  $ 5,102,868 

  $ 17,811,884 

  $(13,514,003) 

  $ 9,431,891 

$  39,603 

  $ 9,471,494 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  (1,962,062) 

  268,189 

 - 

 - 

 - 

- 

- 

- 

  45,778 

45,778 

  (63,924) 

(63,924) 

  (1,962,062) 

  268,189 

- 

- 

  (1,962,062) 

    268,189 

 31,142 

  5,102,868   

  16,118,011 

  (13,514,003) 

  7,738,018 

21,457 

  7,759,475 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  486,208 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  69,822 

69,822 

(46,727) 

(46,727) 

  486,208 

- 

    486,208 

$    31,142 

  $ 5,102,868    $ 16,604,219 

   $ (13,514,003) 

  $  8,224,226 

$  44,552 

 $ 8,268,778 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

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TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
Years ended May 31, 2018 and 2017 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

   2018 

   2017 

  Consolidated net income ..................................................................................................   
  Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by  

  $  

556,030 

  $  

313,967 

  operating activities: 

  Depreciation and amortization ......................................................................................  
  Unrealized gain from marketable securities, net ...........................................................  
  Deferred income taxes ..................................................................................................  

  Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

  Accounts receivable-trade .........................................................................................  
  Other receivables .......................................................................................................  
  Prepaid expenses .......................................................................................................  
  Prepaid and recoverable income taxes .......................................................................  
  Accounts and other payables and accrued expenses and other current liabilities ......  
  Income taxes payable ................................................................................................  
  Advances from customers .........................................................................................  

14,339 
(15,272) 
28,000 

96,468 
16,361 
78,053 
66,619   

409,549 

-   
(119,482) 

19,976 
(3,616) 
25,000 

379,389 
(7,602) 
(77,328) 
(94,833)  
125,077 
(14,810) 
85,151 

  Net cash provided by operating activities ........................................................................  

1,130,665 

750,371 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

  Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities ........................................................  
  Purchases of marketable securities ................................................................................  
  Purchases of equipment and leasehold improvements ..................................................  

992,000 
(493,000) 
(21,415) 

2,523,000 
(1,987,000) 
(12,628) 

  Net cash provided by investing activities .........................................................................  

477,585 

523,372 

Cash flows from financing activities: 

  Cash dividend paid ........................................................................................................  
  Distributions to noncontrolling interest.........................................................................  

(1,962,062) 
(46,727)  

- 

(63,924)  

  Net cash used in financing activities ................................................................................  

(2,008,789) 

(63,924) 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ...........................................................  

(400,539) 

1,209,819 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ...................................................................  

5,723,976 

4,514,157 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year .........................................................................  

  $  

5,323,437 

  $  

5,723,976 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow data: 

Income taxes paid .............................................................................................................  

  $  

286,000 

  $  

348,000 

Non-cash: 
  Dividends declared and payable .......................................................................................  

  $  

- 

  $  

1,962,000 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

(1)  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

(a)  Business, Nature of Operations and Customer Concentrations 

TSR, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) are primarily engaged in providing contract computer programming services to 
commercial  customers  located  primarily  in  the  Metropolitan  New  York  area.  The  Company  provides  its  customers  with 
technical computer personnel to supplement their in-house information technology (“IT”) capabilities. In addition, beginning 
in fiscal 2017, the Company has provided and continues to provide administrative (non-IT) workers on a contract basis to two 
of its existing customers. In fiscal 2018, three customers each accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated 
revenue, constituting a combined 48.7%. The largest of these constituted 20.7% of consolidated revenue. In fiscal 2017, three 
customers each accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenue, constituting a combined 44.9%. The 
largest of these constituted 19.4% of consolidated revenue. The accounts receivable balances associated with the Company’s 
largest customers were $3,692,000 for three customers at May 31, 2018 and $3,340,000 for three customers at May 31, 2017. 
The Company operates in one business segment, contract staffing services. 

(b)  Principles of Consolidation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  TSR,  Inc.  and  its  subsidiaries.  All  significant  intercompany 
balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

(c)  Revenue Recognition 

The Company’s contract computer programming and administrative staffing services are generally provided under time and 
materials  arrangements  with  its  customers.  Revenue  is  recognized  in  accordance  with  Accounting  Standards  Codification 
(“ASC”)  Topic  605,  “Revenue  Recognition”,  when  persuasive  evidence  of  an  arrangement  exists,  the  services  have  been 
rendered, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured.  These conditions occur when a customer 
agreement  is  effected  and  the  consultant  performs  the  authorized  services.    Revenue  is  recorded  net  of  all  discounts  and 
processing fees. Advances from customers represent amounts received from customers prior to the Company’s completion of 
the related services and credit balances from overpayments. 

Reimbursements received by the Company for out-of-pocket expenses are characterized as revenue.  

(d)  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The Company considers short-term highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase 
to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were comprised of the following as of May 31, 2018 and 2017: 

Cash in banks ......................  
Money market funds ...........  
Certificates of deposit .........  

2018 
4,723,700 
599,737 
- 
5,323,437 

  $  

  $  

2017 
4,634,245 
840,731 
249,000 
5,723,976 

  $  

  $  

(e)  Certificates of Deposit and Marketable Securities 

The Company has characterized its investments in marketable securities, based on the priority of the inputs used to value the 
investments,  into  a  three-level  fair  value  hierarchy.  The  fair  value  hierarchy  gives  the  highest  priority  to  quoted  prices  in 
active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), and lowest priority to unobservable inputs   (Level 3). If the  inputs 
used to measure the investments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest level 
input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. 

Investments  recorded  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  are  categorized  based  on  the  inputs  to  valuation 
techniques as follows: 

Level 1 -  These are investments where values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active market 

the Company has the ability to access. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

Level 2 -  These  are  investments  where  values  are  based  on  quoted  market  prices  that  are  not  active  or  model  derived 

valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. 

Level 3 -  These  are  investments  where  values  are  derived  from  techniques  in  which  one  or  more  significant  inputs  are 

unobservable. 

The  following are the  major categories of assets  measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of May 31, 2018 and 2017 
using  quoted  prices  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  (Level  1),  significant  other  observable  inputs  (Level  2),  and 
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): 

May 31, 2018 

Level 1 

  Level 2 

   Level 3 

Total 

   Certificates of deposit....................................................  
 - 
44,160 
   Equity securities ............................................................  
44,160 

$   

$   

$   

$   

493,000   
- 
493,000 

$   

$   

- 
- 
- 

$   

$   

493,000 
44,160 
537,160 

May 31, 2017 

Level 1 

  Level 2 

   Level 3 

Total 

   Certificates of deposit......................................................  
 - 
   Equity securities ..............................................................  
28,888 
28,888 

$   

$   

$   

$   

992,000   
- 
992,000 

$   

$   

- 
- 
- 

$   

$   

992,000 
28,888 
1,020,888 

Based upon the Company’s intent and ability to hold its certificates of deposit to maturity (which maturities range up to 12 
months  at  purchase),  such  securities  have  been  classified  as  held-to-maturity  and  are  carried  at  amortized  cost,  which 
approximates  market  value.  The  Company’s  equity  securities  are  classified  as  trading  securities,  which  are  carried  at  fair 
value, as determined by quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input, as established by the fair value hierarchy. The related 
unrealized gains and losses are included in earnings. The Company’s certificates of deposit and marketable securities at May 
31, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows: 

May 31, 2018 

Current 

Amortized 
Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Holding 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Holding 
Losses 

   Certificates of deposit ....................................................  
493,000 
   Equity securities ............................................................  
16,866 
509,866 

$   

$   

May 31, 2017 

Current 

   Certificates of deposit ......................................................  
992,000 
   Equity securities ..............................................................  
16,866 
1,008,866 

$   

$   

$   

$   

$   

$   

- 
27,294 
27,294 

- 
12,022 
12,022 

$   

$   

$   

$   

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

Recorded 
Value 

$   

$   

$   

$   

493,000 
44,160  
537,160 

992,000 
28,888  
1,020,888 

The  Company’s  investments  in  marketable  securities  consist  primarily  of  investments  in  certificates  of  deposit  and  equity 
securities.  Market  values  were  determined  for  each  individual  security  in  the  investment  portfolio.  When  evaluating  the 
investments for other-than-temporary impairment, the Company reviews factors such as length of time and extent to which 
fair value has been below cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the 
investment for a period of time, which may be sufficient for anticipated recovery in market values. 

(f)  Accounts Receivable and Credit Policies: 

The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reduced by a valuation allowance that reflects management’s best estimate of 
the amounts that will not be collected. In addition to reviewing delinquent accounts receivable, management considers many 
factors  in  estimating  its  general  allowance,  including  historical  data,  experience,  customer  types,  creditworthiness  and 
economic trends. From time-to-time, management may adjust its assumptions for anticipated changes in any of those or other 
factors expected to affect collectibility. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

(g)  Depreciation and Amortization 

Depreciation and amortization of equipment and leasehold improvements has been computed using the straight-line method 
over the following useful lives: 

Equipment ..............................................  
Furniture and fixtures ............................  
Automobiles ...........................................  
Leasehold improvements .......................   Lesser of lease term or useful life 

3 years 
3 years 
3 years 

(h)  Net Income Per Common Share 

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders of TSR, Inc. by the 
weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding.  The  Company  had  no  stock  options  or  other  common  stock 
equivalents outstanding during the fiscal years ended May 31, 2018 or 2017. 

(i)  Income Taxes 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  temporary  differences 
between the financial reporting and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities at enacted rates expected to be in effect 
when such amounts are realized or settled. The effect of enacted tax law or rate changes is reflected in income in the period 
of enactment. 

(j)  Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. For cash and 
cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  and  other  payables,  accrued  liabilities  and  advances  from  customers,  the 
amounts  presented  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  approximate  fair  value  because  of  the  short-term  maturities  of 
these instruments.   

(k)  Use of Estimates 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of 
America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, 
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue 
and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  Such  estimates  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  provisions  for  doubtful  accounts 
receivable and assessments of the recoverability of the Company’s deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from  those 
estimates. 

(l)  Long-Lived Assets 

The Company reviews its  long-lived assets  for possible impairment  whenever events or  changes in circumstances indicate 
that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected cash flows undiscounted and without 
interest, is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying 
amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. 

(m) Impact of New Accounting Standards 

In May 2014, the FASB issued an update to ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” This update to ASC 606 
provides a five-step process to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle of the guidance is that a 
Company should recognize revenue upon transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the 
expected consideration  to be received in exchange  for those  goods or services.  This update  to ASC 606  will also result in 
enhanced  disclosures  about  revenue,  providing  guidance  for 
that  were  not  previously  addressed 
comprehensively, and improving guidance for  multiple-element arrangements. This  update  to ASC 606 is effective  for the 
Company in the fiscal year ending May 31, 2019. The Company expects the impact of the update, if any, to be immaterial on 
its consolidated financial statements.  

transactions 

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred 
Taxes,”  which  applies  to  the  classification  of  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities.  The  update  eliminates  the  requirement  to 
classify  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  as  noncurrent  or  current  within  a  classified  statement  of  financial  position.  This 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods and 
should be applied prospectively with early adoption permitted at the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The 
Company  adopted  this  guidance  in  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2018. The  Company’s  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  have 
been classified as noncurrent. 

In  January  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-01,  “Financial  Instruments  –  Overall:  Recognition  and  Measurement  of 
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” The amendments in this update require all equity investments to be measured at 
fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. The amendments in this update also require an entity 
to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting 
from  a  change  in  the  instrument-specific  credit  risk  when  the  entity  has  elected  to  measure  the  liability  at  fair  value  in 
accordance  with  the  fair  value  option  for  financial  instruments.  In  addition,  the  amendments  in  this  update  eliminate  the 
requirement  to  disclose  the  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  measured  at  amortized  cost  for  entities  that  are  not  public 
business entities and the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that 
is  required  to  be  disclosed  for  financial  instruments  measured  at  amortized  cost  on  the  balance  sheet  for  public  business 
entities. This update is effective for the Company in the fiscal year ending May 31, 2019. The Company expects the impact 
of the update, if any, to be immaterial on its consolidated financial statements.  

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” This update includes a lease accounting model that 
recognizes  two  types  of  leases  –  finance  leases  and  operating  leases.  The  standard  requires  that  a  lessee  recognize  on  the 
balance sheet assets and liabilities relating to leases with terms of more than 12 months. The recognition, measurement, and 
presentation  of  expenses  and  cash  flows  arising  from  a  lease  by  a  lessee  will  depend  on  its  classification  as  a  finance  or 
operating lease. This update is effective for the Company in the fiscal year ending May 31, 2020. The Company is currently 
evaluating the impact, if any, of this update on its consolidated financial statements. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, “Principal versus Agent Consideration (Topic 606).” This update contains 
guidance on principal versus agent assessments when a third party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer. It 
specifies  that  an  entity  is  a  principal,  and  thus  records  revenue  on  a  gross  basis,  if  it  controls  a  good  or  service  before 
transferring the good or service to the customer. An entity is an agent, and thus records revenue on a net basis, if it arranges 
for a good or service to be provided by another entity. This update is effective for the Company in the fiscal year ending May 
31, 2019. The Company expects the impact of the update, if any, to be immaterial on its consolidated financial statements.  

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, “Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients (Topic 606).” This 
update  provides  certain  clarifications  to  reduce  potential  diversity  and  to  simplify  the  standard.  The  amendments  in  ASU 
2016-12 clarify the following key areas: assessing collectibility; presenting sales taxes and other similar taxes collected from 
customers; noncash consideration; contract modifications at transition; completed contracts at transition; and disclosing the 
accounting  change  in  the  period  of  adoption.  This  update  is  effective  for  the  Company  in  the  fiscal  year  ending  May  31, 
2019.  The Company expects the impact of the update, if any, to be immaterial on its consolidated financial statements. 

(n)  Credit Risk 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash 
equivalents, certificates of deposit, marketable securities and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash equivalents 
with  high-credit  quality  financial  institutions  and  brokerage  houses.  The  Company  has  substantially  all  of  its  cash  in  four 
bank accounts. At times, such amounts may exceed federally insured limits. The Company holds its marketable securities in 
brokerage  accounts.  The  Company  has  not  experienced  losses  in  any  such  accounts.  The  Company’s  accounts  receivable 
represent 43 accounts with open balances as of May 31, 2018. As a percentage of revenue, the three largest customers among 
these 43 accounts consisted of 51.1% of the net accounts receivable balance at May 31, 2018. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

(2)  Income Taxes 

A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes computed at the federal statutory rates of 28.6% (blended) for fiscal 2018 and 
34.0% for fiscal 2017 to the reported amounts is as follows: 

                 2018 

                 2017 

Amount 

  % 

Amount 

  % 

Amounts at statutory federal tax rate ..................   

$     268,000 

Noncontrolling interest .......................................   

      (20,000) 

28.6% 

(2.1) 

$     196,000 

34.0% 

      (16,000) 

(2.8) 

State and local taxes, net of federal 
                income tax effect ................................  
Effect of rate change on deferred asset ...............   

      83,000 
32,000 

Non-deductible expenses and other ....................   

18,000 

8.9 
3.4 

1.9 

      56,000 
- 

27,000 

9.7 
- 

4.7 

$     381,000 

    40.7% 

$     263,000 

    45.6% 

The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows: 

2018: 

Current .............................................  

$   

236,000 

$   

117,000 

$   

353,000 

Deferred ............................................  

28,000 

- 

28,000 

$   

264,000 

$   

117,000 

$   

381,000 

Federal 

State 

 Total 

2017: 

Current ...............................................  

$   

170,000 

$   

Deferred .............................................  

8,000 

$   

178,000 

$   

68,000 

17,000 

85,000 

$   

238,000 

25,000 

$   

263,000 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred income tax assets at May 31,  2018 
and 2017 are as follows: 

Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable ...................  
Accrued compensation and other accrued expenses .......  
Equipment and leasehold improvement 
    depreciation and amortization .....................................  
Acquired client relationships ..........................................  
Unrealized gains .............................................................  
                   Total deferred income tax assets ..................  

         2018 

         2017 

  $  

53,000 
37,000 

  $  

75,000 
38,000 

(3,000) 
(1,000) 
(8,000) 
78,000 

(4,000) 
2,000 
(5,000) 
  $   106,000 

  $  

The Company believes that it is more likely than not that it will realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets based primarily on 
the Company’s history of and projections for taxable income in the future.   

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

The  Company recognizes interest and penalties associated  with tax  matters as selling,  general and administrative  expenses and 
includes accrued interest and penalties with accrued and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.   

In the third quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company revised its estimated annual effective income tax rate to reflect a change in the 
federal statutory corporate income tax rate from 34% to 21%, resulting from legislation that was enacted on December 22, 2017. 
The rate change is administratively effective at the beginning of our fiscal year 2018, using a blended rate for the annual period. 
As a result, the blended statutory rate for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2018 is 28.6%. 

In addition, the Company was required in the current year to recognize the change related to adjusting the deferred tax asset to 
reflect  the  new  corporate  tax  rate.  As  a  result,  income  tax  expense  reported  for  the  year  ended  May  31,  2018  was  adjusted  to 
reflect  the  effects  of  the  change  in  the  tax  law  and  resulting  in  a  decrease  in  income  tax  expense  of  $21,000.  This  amount 
comprises a reduction of $53,000 in income tax expense for the year ended May 31, 2018 related to the lower corporate rate and a 
charge of $32,000 from the application of the newly enacted reduced rates to the existing net deferred tax asset balances. 

In the third quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company discovered it had not filed required information returns related to a foreign bank 
account opened by a subsidiary in fiscal 2016 with contributions totaling approximately $25,000.   The Company has accrued an 
expense of $30,000 with a charge to selling, general and administrative expenses for potential penalties that may be assessed. The 
Company will monitor this reserve periodically to determine if it is more-likely–than–not that penalties will be assessed. Changes 
to  the  reserve  may  occur  due  to  changes  in  judgment,  abatement,  negotiation  or  expiration  of  the  statute  of  limitations  on  the 
returns.       

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefit as follows: 

    Amount 
- 
Balance at June 1, 2017 ......................................................     $    
- 
Additions based on tax positions related to current year ....          
Additions for tax positions of prior years ...........................         30,000 
- 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years.........................          
Settlements .........................................................................          
-  
Balance at May 31, 2018 ....................................................     $   30,000 

The Company’s federal and state income tax returns prior to fiscal year 2015 are closed.  

(3)  Commitments and Contingencies 

A summary of noncancellable long-term operating lease commitments for facilities as of May 31, 2018 follows: 

Fiscal Year 

    Amount 

2019 ..............  
2020 ..............  
2021 ..............  
2022 ..............  
2023 ..............  
thereafter .......  
            Total 

  $   

  $   

342,000 
241,000 
209,000 
161,000 
41,000 
- 
994,000 

Total rent expenses under all lease agreements amounted to $369,000 and $372,000 in fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

The Company has entered into employment agreements with two of its executive officers expiring in 2020 and 2022, respectively. 
The total remaining payments under these agreements is $1,900,000 at May 31, 2018. 

From time-to-time, the Company is party to various lawsuits, some involving substantial amounts. Management is not aware of 
any lawsuits that would have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position of the Company. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2018 and 2017 

(4)  Stockholder’s Equity 

On  May  25,  2017,  the  Company  declared  a  special  cash  dividend  of  $1.00  per  common  share  payable  on  July  14,  2017  to 
shareholders of record on June 16, 2017. This dividend totaled $1,962,062. The Company has no current plans to implement a 
quarterly dividend program or pay any other special cash dividend. 

(5)  Retirement Arrangement 

Joseph F. Hughes, Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President and Treasurer, retired on July 5, 2017. The Board 
of  Directors  of  the  Company  elected  Christopher  Hughes,  formerly  Senior  Vice  President  of  TSR,  Inc.,  to  succeed  Joseph  F. 
Hughes  as  Chairman  of  the  Board,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  President  and  Treasurer.  Upon  his  retirement,  the  Board  awarded 
Joseph F. Hughes a one-time founder’s bonus of $100,000. The Board also approved the continued payment by the Company of 
the remaining payments of the lease for the automobile used by Joseph F. Hughes until the lease expired in May 2018. Further, 
the Board approved the continued payment by the Company for health insurance coverage for Joseph F. Hughes and his spouse 
under the Company’s executive  medical plan until May 31, 2018 and payments in lieu of the insurance coverage for two years 
thereafter.  Joseph  F.  Hughes  and  his  spouse  have  remained  on  the  executive  medical  plan  subsequent  to  May  31,  2018  at  the 
Company’s expense in lieu of the direct payments to them for this coverage, saving the Company a small amount monthly. The 
total amount of these retirement benefits were accrued in the quarter ended August 31, 2017, resulting in charges amounting to 
$180,000, which were included in selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2018. 

(6)  Subsequent Event 

Through  an  amendment  to  filings  with  the  United  States  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  Schedule  13D  by  Joseph  F. 
Hughes and Winifred M. Hughes, the Company has been informed that on July 20, 2018, Zeff Capital, LP, QAR Industries, Inc. 
and Fintech Consulting LLC entered an agreement to purchase 819,491 shares of the Company’s Common Stock (the “Shares”) 
which were held by Joseph F. Hughes and Winifred M. Hughes.  Joseph F. Hughes is the former Chairman and Chief Executive 
Officer of the Company.  The Shares were sold in a privately negotiated transaction for a purchase price of $6.25 per share,  or 
$5,121,819  in  the  aggregate,  and  the  Shares  collectively  represent  41.8%  of  the  Company’s  issued  and  outstanding  Common 
Stock.    It  had  also  been  disclosed  that  Zeff  Capital,  LP  owned  77,615  shares  of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock,  which 
represented approximately 4.0% of the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Stock.  Each of the purchasers of the Shares 
has significant voting power on all matters subject to a vote of the Company’s stockholders.   

Prior to the sale of the Shares by Joseph F. Hughes and Winifred M. Hughes to Zeff Capital, LP, QAR Industries, Inc. and Fintech 
Consulting LLC described above, the Company had received a letter on June 25, 2018 from James Hughes on behalf of Joseph F. 
Hughes and Winifred M. Hughes, in which Joseph F. Hughes and Winifred M. Hughes requested that the Board pursue a sale of 
the Company.  On July 9, 2018, by resolution, the Board established a Special Committee of the Board to review this request, and 
to consider and evaluate other strategic alternatives available to the Company in the context of that review, including (a) potential 
opportunities  for  a  sale  of  the  Company  by  way  of  merger,  consolidation,  sale  of  equity  securities  (including  the  Company’s 
outstanding  Common  Stock),  sale  of  all  or  substantially  all  of  the  Company’s  assets,  or  other  strategic  transactions; 
(b) recapitalization of the Company; (c) the sale or exchange of the shares of Common Stock held (at that time) by Mr. Hughes 
and Mrs. Hughes in a transaction involving the Company; or (d) remaining independent and continuing to execute the Company’s 
business plans on a standalone basis, and to review, consider and evaluate, for purposes of advising the full Board, whether any of 
the potential strategic alternatives is in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders.  The Special Committee has remained in 
place following the acquisition of the Shares by Zeff Capital, LP, QAR Industries, Inc. and Fintech Consulting LLC from Joseph 
F. Hughes and Winifred M. Hughes described above. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and  notes 
thereto presented elsewhere in this report. 

Results of Operations 
The  following  table  sets  forth  for  the  periods  indicated  certain  financial  information  derived  from  the  Company’s  consolidated 
statements of income.  There can be no assurance that historical trends in operating results will continue in the future: 

       Year Ended May 31, 

             (Dollar Amounts in Thousands) 

2018 

    2017 

    Amount 

% of 
Revenue 

    Amount 

% of 
Revenue 

Revenue, Net ...............................................................  

  $   64,990 

 100.0% 

  $   62,573 

 100.0% 

Cost of Sales ................................................................  

Gross Profit ..................................................................  

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses ............  

Income from Operations ..............................................  

Other Income, Net .......................................................  

Income Before Income Taxes ......................................  

Provision for Income Taxes .........................................  

Consolidated Net Income  ...........................................  

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest ....  

Net Income Attributable to TSR, Inc. ..........................  

  $  

revenue 

Revenue 
Revenue  consists  primarily  of 
from  computer 
programming  consulting  services.  Revenue  for  the  fiscal  year 
ended May 31, 2018 increased $2,417,000 or 3.9% from  fiscal 
2017.  The  increase  in  revenue  resulted  primarily  from  an 
increase  in  billing  rates  and  an  increase  in  the  average  number 
of  consultants  on  billing  with  customers.  The  overall  average 
number  of  consultants  on  billing  with  customers  increased 
slightly from 379 for the fiscal ended May 31, 2017 to 383 for 
the  fiscal  year ended May 31, 2018,  while the average  number 
of  computer  programming  consultants  also  increased  from  328 
for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2017 to 332 in the fiscal year 
ended  May  31,  2018.  The  383  consultants  on  billing  for  the 
current  period  include  51  administrative  (non-IT)  workers  that 
the Company placed with two large customers at the customers’ 
requests  at  billing  rates  69.3%  lower  than  those  charged  for 
computer  programming  consultants.  The  Company  also  placed 
an  average  of  51  administrative  (non-IT)  workers  in  the  prior 
fiscal  year  at  billing  rates  67.6%  lower  than  those  charged  for 
computer  programming  consultants.  The  Company  charges 
lower daily billing rates for administrative (non-IT) workers, but 
also pays lower rates to the administrative (non-IT) workers. 

Cost of Sales 
Cost of sales for the  fiscal  year ended May 31, 2018 increased 
$2,282,000  or  4.4%  to  $54,609,000  from  $52,327,000  in  the 

13 

  54,609 

  10,381 

9,472 

  84.0 

  16.0 

  14.6 

  52,327 

  10,246 

9,684 

  83.6 

  16.4 

  15.5 

909 

28 

937 

381 

556 

70 

486 

1.4 

0.0 

1.4 

0.6 

0.8 

0.1 

0.7% 

  $  

562 

15 

577 

263 

314 

46 

268 

0.9 

0.0 

0.9 

0.4 

0.5 

0.1 

0.4% 

prior fiscal year. The increase in cost of sales resulted primarily 
from  an  increase  in  consultants  pay  rates  and  benefits.  Cost  of 
sales  as  a  percentage  of  revenue  increased  from  83.6%  in  the 
fiscal  year  ended  May  31,  2017  to  84.0%  in  the  fiscal  year 
ended  May  31,  2018.  The  increase  in  cost  of  sales  as  a 
percentage of revenue was primarily attributable to lower gross 
margins  on  the  placement  of  administrative  (non-IT)  workers 
due  to  a  shift  in  the  business  mix  between  the  two  non-IT 
customers towards the customer with lower markup limits.  

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses 
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of 
expenses  relating  to  account  executives,  technical  recruiters, 
facilities  costs,  management  and  corporate  overhead.  These 
expenses  decreased  $212,000  or  2.2%  from  $9,684,000  in  the 
fiscal year ended May 31, 2017 to $9,472,000 in the fiscal year 
ended  May  31,  2018.  The  decrease  in  these  expenses  resulted 
primarily from the retirement of the former Chairman offset by 
an  increase  in  amounts  paid  for  offshore  recruiting  services  to 
support  the  hiring  of  both  contract  IT  and  administrative  (non-
IT)  workers.  Selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses,  as  a 
percentage of revenue, decreased from 15.5% in the fiscal year 
ended May 31, 2017 to 14.6% in the fiscal year ended May 31, 
2018 as a result of the reduction in these expenses. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Other Income 
Other  income  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  May  31,  2018  resulted 
primarily  from  interest  and  dividend  income  of  $12,000  and  a 
mark 
the 
to  market  gain  of  approximately  $15,000  on 
Company’s  marketable  equity  securities.  Other  income  for  the 
fiscal year ended May 31, 2017 resulted primarily from interest 
and  dividend  income  of  $11,000  and  a  mark  to  market  gain  of 
approximately  $4,000  on  the  Company’s  marketable  equity 
securities.  

by an increase in prepaid expenses of $77,000 and an increase in 
prepaid and recoverable income taxes of $95,000. 

Net cash provided by investing activities amounted to $478,000 
for fiscal 2018, compared to  $523,000 in net cash provided by 
investing  activities  in  fiscal  2017.  The  cash  provided  by 
investing  activities  in  both  2018  and  2017  primarily  resulted 
from  maturing  certificates  of  deposit,  a  portion  of  which  were 
not rolled over.  

Income Taxes 
The  effective  income  tax  rates  were  40.7%  for  the  fiscal  year 
ended  May  31,  2018  and 45.6%  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  May 
31, 2017. The rate for fiscal 2018 is impacted by the effects of 
the  new  lower  federal  corporate  tax  rates  effective  January  1, 
2018.  The  current  tax  provision  for  fiscal  2018  includes  a 
blended  federal  statutory  rate  of  28.6%.  However,  this  lower 
rate is offset, to an extent, by the devaluation of the Company’s 
deferred tax asset. The benefit of the deferred tax asset  will be 
limited  to  21%  for  federal  income  tax  purposes  in  fiscal  years 
going forward. 

Net Income Attributable to TSR, Inc. 
Net  income  attributable  to  TSR,  Inc.  increased  $218,000  from 
$268,000 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2017 to net income of 
$486,000 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018. The increase in 
net income was primarily attributable to the decrease in selling, 
general  and  administrative  expenses  as  well  as  the  increase  in 
gross profit generated by the revenue increase. 

Liquidity, Capital Resources and Changes in Financial 
Condition 
The  Company  expects  that  its  available  cash,  certificates  of 
deposit  and  marketable  securities  will  be  sufficient  to  provide 
the  Company  with  adequate  resources  to  meet  its  liquidity 
requirements for the 12 month period following the issuance of 
these  financial  statements.  The  Company  does  not  maintain  a 
line of credit facility with any financial institution. 

At  May  31,  2018,  the  Company  had  working  capital  (total 
current assets in excess of total current liabilities) of $8,113,000 
including  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  certificates  of  deposit 
and marketable securities of $5,861,000 as compared to working 
capital  of  $7,689,000  including  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and 
certificates of deposit and marketable securities of $6,745,000 at 
May 31, 2017. 

Net cash flow of $1,131,000 was provided by operations during 
fiscal 2018 as compared to $750,000 of net cash flow provided 
by  operations  in  fiscal  2017.  The  cash  provided  by  operations 
for fiscal 2018 primarily resulted from consolidated net income 
of $556,000 and an increase in accounts and other payables and 
accrued and other liabilities of $410,000. The cash provided by 
operations  for  fiscal  2017  primarily  resulted  from  consolidated 
net  income  of  $314,000,  a  decrease  in  accounts  receivable  of 
$379,000  and  an  increase  in  accounts  and  other  payables  and 
accrued and other liabilities of $125,000, offset, to some extent, 

Net  cash  used  in  financing  activities  of  $2,009,000  during  the 
fiscal  years  ended  May  31,  2018  resulted  primarily  from  the 
payment of a cash dividend of $1,962,000 and a distribution to 
the  holder  of  the  noncontrolling  interest  in  the  Company’s 
subsidiary,  Logixtech  Solutions,  LLC  of  $47,000.  The 
distribution  to  the  noncontrolling  interest  in  fiscal  2017  was 
$64,000.  

The Company’s capital resource commitments at May 31, 2018 
consisted  of  lease  obligations  on  its  branch  and  corporate 
facilities.  The  Company 
lease 
intends 
commitments from cash flow provided by operations, available 
cash and short-term marketable securities. 

to  finance 

these 

The  Company’s  cash  and  marketable  securities  were  sufficient 
to enable it to meet its liquidity requirements during fiscal 2018.   

Impact of New Accounting Standards 
In May 2014, the FASB issued an update to ASC 606, “Revenue 
from  Contracts  with  Customers.”  This  update  to  ASC  606 
provides a five-step process to determine when and how revenue 
is  recognized.  The  core  principle  of  the  guidance  is  that  a 
company  should  recognize  revenue  upon  transfer  of  promised 
goods  or  services  to  customers  in  an  amount  that  reflects  the 
expected  consideration  to  be  received  in  exchange  for  those 
goods  or  services.  This  update  to  ASC  606  will  also  result  in 
enhanced  disclosures  about  revenue,  providing  guidance  for 
addressed 
transactions 
comprehensively, and improving guidance for multiple-element 
arrangements.  This  update  to  ASC  606  is  effective  for  the 
Company in the fiscal year ending May 31, 2019. The Company 
expects the impact of this update, if any, to be immaterial on its 
consolidated financial statements.  

that  were 

previously 

not 

In  November  2015,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2015-17,  “Income 
Taxes  (Topic  740):  Balance  Sheet  Classification  of  Deferred 
Taxes,” which applies to the classification of deferred tax assets 
and liabilities. The update eliminates the requirement to classify 
deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent or current within 
a  classified  statement  of  financial  position.  This  ASU  is 
effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, 
and  interim  periods  within  those  annual  periods  and  should  be 
applied  prospectively  with  early  adoption  permitted  at  the 
beginning  of  an  interim  or  annual  reporting  period.  The 
Company  adopted  this  guidance  in  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal 
2018.  The  Company’s  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  have 
been classified as noncurrent. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

In  January  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-01,  “Financial 
Instruments  –  Overall:  Recognition  and  Measurement  of 
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” The amendments in 
this update require all equity investments to be measured at fair 
value  with  changes  in  the  fair  value  recognized  through  net 
income. The amendments in this update also require an entity to 
present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of 
the  total  change  in  the  fair  value  of  a  liability  resulting  from  a 
change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has 
elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with 
the  fair  value  option  for  financial  instruments.  In  addition,  the 
amendments in this update eliminate the requirement to disclose 
the  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  measured  at  amortized 
cost  for  entities  that  are  not  public  business  entities  and  the 
requirement 
significant 
assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be 
disclosed  for  financial  instruments  measured  at  amortized  cost 
on the balance sheet for public business entities. This update is 
effective  for  the  Company  in  the  fiscal  year  ending  May  31, 
2019. The Company expects the impact of this update, if any, to 
be immaterial on its consolidated financial statements.  

the  method(s)  and 

to  disclose 

In  February  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-02,  “Leases 
(Topic  842).”  This  update  includes  a  lease  accounting  model 
that  recognizes  two  types  of  leases  –  finance  leases  and 
operating  leases.  The  standard  requires  that  a  lessee  recognize 
on the balance sheet assets and liabilities relating to leases with 
terms  of  more  than  12  months.  The  recognition,  measurement, 
and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease 
by  a  lessee  will  depend  on  its  classification  as  a  finance  or 
operating lease. This update is effective for the Company in the 
fiscal  year  ending  May  31,  2020.  The  Company  is  currently 
evaluating the impact, if any, of this update on its consolidated 
financial statements.  

In  March  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-08,  “Principal 
versus Agent Consideration (Topic 606).” This update contains 
guidance  on  principal  versus  agent  assessments  when  a  third 
party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer. It 
specifies  that  an  entity  is  a  principal,  and  thus  records  revenue 
on  a  gross  basis,  if  it  controls  a  good  or  service  before 
transferring the good or service to the customer. An entity is an 
agent, and thus records revenue on a net basis, if it arranges for 
a good or service to be provided by another entity. This update 
is effective  for the Company  in the  fiscal  year ending May 31, 
2019. The Company expects the impact of this update, if any, to 
be immaterial on its consolidated financial statements.  

In  May  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-12,  “Narrow-Scope 
Improvements  and  Practical  Expedients  (Topic  606).”  This 
to  reduce  potential 
update  provides  certain  clarifications 
diversity and to simplify the standard. The amendments in ASU 
2016-12 clarify the following key areas: assessing collectibility; 
presenting  sales  taxes  and  other  similar  taxes  collected  from 
customers;  noncash  consideration;  contract  modifications  at 
transition;  completed  contracts  at  transition;  and  disclosing  the 
accounting  change  in  the  period  of  adoption.  This  update  is

effective  for  the  Company  in  the  fiscal  year  ending  May  31, 
2019. The Company expects the impact of this update, if any, to 
be immaterial on its consolidated financial statements.  

Critical Accounting Policies 
The  SEC  defines  “critical  accounting  policies”  as  those  that 
require 
the  application  of  management’s  most  difficult, 
subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to 
make  estimates  about  the  effect  of  matters  that  are  inherently 
uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. 

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in 
Note  1  to  its  consolidated  financial  statements,  contained 
elsewhere  in  this  report.  The  Company  believes  that  the 
following  accounting  policies  require 
the  application  of 
management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments: 

Estimating Allowances for Doubtful Accounts Receivable 

experience, 

We  perform  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  our  customers  and 
adjust  credit  limits  based  upon  payment  history  and  the 
customer’s  current  creditworthiness,  as  determined  by  our 
review  of  their  current  credit  information.  We  continuously 
monitor  collections  and  payments  from  our  customers  and 
maintain  a  provision  for  estimated  credit  losses  based  on  our 
creditworthiness, 
customer 
historical 
economic trends and any specific customer collection issues that 
we  have  identified.  While  such  credit  losses  have  historically 
been within our expectations and the provisions established, we 
cannot  guarantee  that  we  will  continue  to  experience  the  same 
credit loss rates that we have in the past. A significant change in 
the  liquidity  or  financial  position  of  any  of  our  significant 
customers, or in their willingness to pay, could have a  material 
adverse  effect  on  the  collectibility  of  our  accounts  receivable 
and our future operating results. 

types, 

Valuation of Marketable Securities 
The  Company  classifies  its  marketable  securities  at  acquisition 
as  either  (i)  held-to-maturity,  (ii)  trading  or  (iii)  available-for-
sale.  Based  upon  the  Company’s  intent  and  ability  to  hold  its 
certificates of deposit to maturity (which maturities range up to 
12  months),  such  securities  have  been  classified  as  held-to-
maturity and are carried at amortized cost,  which approximates 
fair  value.  The  Company’s  equity  securities  are  classified  as 
trading securities, which are carried at fair value, as determined 
by  quoted  market  price,  which  is  Level  1  input,  as  established 
by  the  fair  value  hierarchy.  The  related  unrealized  gains  and 
losses are included in earnings.   

Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets 
We regularly evaluate our ability to recover the reported amount 
of  our  deferred  income  tax  assets  considering  several  factors, 
including  our  estimate  of  the  likelihood  of  the  Company 
generating  sufficient  taxable  income  in  future  years  during  the 
period over which temporary differences reverse. Presently, the 
Company  believes  that  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  it  will 
realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets based primarily on

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

the Company’s history of and projections for taxable income in 
the  future.  In  the  event  that  actual  results  differ  from  our 
estimates or we adjust these estimates in future periods, we may 
need to establish a valuation  allowance against a  portion or all 
of  our  deferred  tax  assets,  which  could  materially  impact  our 
financial position or results of operations. 

Forward-Looking Statements; Factors that Affect Future 
Results 
Certain  statements  contained  herein, 
including  statements 
concerning  the  Company’s  plans,  future  prospects  and  future 
cash  flow  requirements  are  forward-looking  statements,  as 
defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  
Actual results  may differ  materially  from those  set  forth in the 
forward-looking  statements  due  to  known  and  unknown  risks 
and  uncertainties,  including  but  not  limited  to,  the  following:  
the  success  of  the  Company’s  plan  for  internal  growth,  the 

impact  of  adverse  economic  conditions  on  client  spending 
which  has  a  negative  impact  on  the  Company’s  business;  risks 
relating  to  the  competitive  nature  of  the  markets  for  contract 
computer  programming  services;  the  extent  to  which  market 
conditions  for  the  Company’s  contract  computer  programming 
services  will  continue  to  adversely  affect  the  Company’s 
business;  the  concentration  of  the  Company’s  business  with 
certain  customers;  uncertainty  as  to  the  Company’s  ability  to 
maintain  its  relations  with  existing  customers  and  expand  its 
business; the impact of changes in the industry, such as the use 
of  vendor  management  companies  in  connection  with  the 
consultant  procurement  process;  the  increase  in  customers 
moving IT operations offshore; the Company’s ability  to adapt 
to changing market conditions; and other risks and uncertainties 
described  in  the  Company’s  filings  under  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934. The Company is under no  obligation to 
publicly update or revise forward-looking statements. 

TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and 
Stockholders of TSR, Inc. 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TSR, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the Company) as of May 31, 2018 and 
2017, and the related consolidated statements of income, equity, and cash flows for each of the years then ended, and the related notes 
(collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the 
financial position of the Company as of May 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each  of the 
years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the  Company’s  management.  Our responsibility is to express an  opinion on  the 
Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting 
Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. 
The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part 
of  our  audits,  we  are  required  to  obtain  an  understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of 
expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Accordingly,  we  express  no 
such opinion. 

Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to 
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence 
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We  believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

CohnReznick LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2008. 
Jericho, New York 
August 21, 2018 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

The Company’s shares of Common Stock trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol TSRI. The following are the high 
and low sales prices for each quarter during the fiscal years ended May 31, 2018 and 2017: 

June 1, 2017 – May 31, 2018 

1st 
Quarter 
High Sales Price ............................   $   11.10 
4.05 
Low Sales Price .............................  

3rd 
2nd 
Quarter 
Quarter 
$   7.45  $   8.41 
4.75 

3.80 

4th 
Quarter 
$   6.64 
4.95 

June 1, 2016 – May 31, 2017 

1st 
Quarter 
High Sales Price ............................   $   6.80 
3.42 
Low Sales Price .............................  

3rd 
2nd 
Quarter 
Quarter 
$   9.50  $   6.70 
4.80 

4.70 

4th 
Quarter 
$   8.00 
4.34 

There  were  54  holders  of  record of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock  as  of  June  30,  2018.  Additionally,  the  Company  estimates  that 
there were approximately 785 beneficial holders as of that date. On May 25, 2017, the Company declared a special cash dividend of 
$1.00 per common share payable on July 14, 2017 to stockholders of record on June 16, 2017. The Company has no current plans to 
implement a quarterly dividend program or pay any other special cash dividend. 

There are no securities authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TRANSFER AGENT 

Continental Stock Transfer 
1 State Street Plaza 
30th Floor 
New York, NY 10004 
212-509-4000 

AUDITORS 

CohnReznick LLP 
100 Jericho Quadrangle 
Suite 223 
Jericho, NY 11753 

COUNSEL 

Giordano, Halleran & Ciesla, P.C. 
125 Half Mile Road  
Suite 300 
Red Bank, NJ 07701 

CORPORATE 
HEADQUARTERS 

400 Oser Avenue 
Suite 150 
Hauppauge, NY 11788 
631-231-0333 

SUBSIDIARY 

TSR Consulting 
Services, Inc. 

New York City 
420 Lexington Avenue 
Suite #835 
New York, NY 10170 
212-986-4600 
E-mail: tsrny@tsrconsulting.com 

New Jersey 
379 Thornall Street 
6th Floor         
Edison, NJ 08837 
732-321-9000 
E-mail: tsrnj@tsrconsulting.com 

Long Island 
400 Oser Avenue 
Suite 150 
Hauppauge, NY 11788 
631-231-0333 
E-mail: tsrli@tsrconsulting.com 

DIRECTORS 

Christopher Hughes 
Chairman of the Board, 
Chief Executive Officer, 
President and Treasurer 

Ira D. Cohen 
Director 
Operating Partner 
Updata Partners 

William J. Kelly 
Director 
Chief Information Officer 
Robert Allen Duralee Group 

Brian J. Mangan 
Director 
Retired Senior Vice President 
Finance 
ABC Television Network 

Joseph Pennacchio 
Director 
Retired Chief Executive Officer 
West Point Home, Inc. 

Raymond A. Roel 
Director 
Principal 
Ray Roel Consulting LLC 

Eric M. Stein 
Director 
Regional Director of Sales 
Fortinet 

OFFICERS 

Christopher Hughes 
Chairman of the Board, 
Chief Executive Officer, 
President and Treasurer 

John G. Sharkey 
Vice President, Finance 
and Secretary 

Copies of the Company’s Form 10-K are available, without charge, to stockholders upon written request to: 
John G. Sharkey, Vice President, Finance, TSR, Inc., 400 Oser Avenue, Suite 150, Hauppauge, NY 11788