Quarterlytics / Technology / Software - Application / TSR, Inc. / FY2022 Annual Report

TSR, Inc.
Annual Report 2022

TSRI · NASDAQ Technology
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Ticker TSRI
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Technology
Industry Software - Application
Employees 501-1000
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FY2022 Annual Report · TSR, Inc.
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Annual
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UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON, DC  20549 

FORM 10-K 

[X]   Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 

For the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 

or 

[ ]   Transition Report Under Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 

For the transition period from _______ to _______ 

Commission File Number:  001-38838 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

TSR, Inc. 

  Delaware                                                                                                    13-2635899 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- 
(State or other jurisdiction of                                                                     (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 
 incorporation or organization) 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- 

400 Oser Avenue, Hauppauge, NY  11788 

(Address of principal executive offices) 

Registrant’s telephone number:  631-231-0333 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: 

Title of each class 

Trading 
Symbol(s) 

Name of each exchange on which registered 

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share  TSRI 

NASDAQ Capital Market 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:   

None 
-------------------------------------------------- 
(Title of Class) 

Page 1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 
[ ] Yes  [X]  No 

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15 (d) of the 
Exchange Act.  [ ]  Yes  [X]  No 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required 
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  [X]  Yes  [  ]  No 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be 
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulations S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
Registrant was required to submit such files). [X]  Yes  [  ] No 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a 
smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated 
filer”, “non-accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act.  
[  ] Large accelerated filer      [  ] Accelerated filer      [X] Non-accelerated filer 
[X] Smaller Reporting Company      [  ] Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use extended transition period 
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities 
Act.  [  ]  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the 
effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell Company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes [  ]  No [X] 

The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant based upon the 
closing price of $8.69 at November 30, 2021 was $8,474,000. 

The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding as of August 15, 2022 was 2,146,448. 

Documents incorporated by Reference: 

The information required in Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 is incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Proxy 
Statement in connection with the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed by the Registrant within 120 
days after the close of its fiscal year. 

Page 2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, Inc. 

Form 10-K 

For the Fiscal Year Ended May 31, 2022 

Table of Contents 

Page No. 

Business ............................................................................................ 4 
Risk Factors ...................................................................................... 7 
Unresolved Staff Comments........................................................... 13 
Properties ........................................................................................ 13 
Legal Proceedings .......................................................................... 13 
Mine Safety Disclosures ................................................................. 14 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder 
          Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities ............... 15 
Reserved ......................................................................................... 15 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial  
          Condition and Results of Operations .................................... 16 
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ........ 19 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data .............................. 20 
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on 
          Accounting and Financial Disclosure ................................... 39 
Controls and Procedures ................................................................. 39 
Other Information ........................................................................... 39 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ............. 40 
Executive Compensation ................................................................ 40 
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and 
          Management and Related Stockholder Matters .................... 40 
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and 
          Director Independence.......................................................... 40 
Principal Accounting Fees and Services ........................................ 40 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules .................................. 40 
Signatures ....................................................................................... 41 

Part I 

Item 1. 
Item 1A. 
Item 1B. 
Item 2. 
Item 3. 
Item 4. 

Part II 

Item 5. 

Item 6. 
Item 7. 

Item 7A. 
Item 8. 
Item 9. 

Item 9A. 
Item 9B. 

Part III 

Item 10. 
Item 11. 
Item 12. 

Item 13. 

Item 14. 

Part IV. 

Item 15. 

Page 3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I 

Item 1.   Business 
              ---------------- 
General 
------------ 
TSR, Inc. (the “Company,” “TSR,” “we,” “us” and “our”) is a leading staffing company focused on recruiting Information 
Technology (“IT”) professionals for short and long-term assignments, permanent placements, project work and providing 
contract computer programming services to its customers. The Company provides its customers with technical computer 
personnel to supplement their in-house IT capabilities. The Company’s customers for its contract computer programming 
services consist primarily of Fortune 1000 companies with significant technology budgets. In the year ended May 31, 2022, 
the Company provided IT staffing services to 62 customers. Also, beginning in the year ended May 31, 2017, the Company 
has provided and continues to provide contract administrative (non-IT) workers to some of its significant IT customers, 
including services to provide administrative workers to new customers acquired following the acquisition of Geneva 
Consulting Group, Inc. (“Geneva”) on September 1, 2020, as discussed in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
elsewhere in this report.  

The Company was incorporated in Delaware in 1969. The Company’s executive offices are located at 400 Oser Avenue, 
Suite 150, Hauppauge, NY 11788, and its telephone number is (631) 231-0333. This annual report, and each of our other 
periodic and current reports, including any amendments, are available, free of charge, on our website, 
www.tsrconsulting.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the 
Securities and Exchange Commission. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this 
annual report on Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this report. 

STAFFING SERVICES 

The Company’s contract computer programming services involve the provision of technical staff to customers to meet the 
specialized requirements of their IT operations. The technical personnel provided by the Company generally supplement the 
in-house capabilities of the Company’s customers. The Company’s approach is to make available to its customers a broad 
range of technical personnel to meet their requirements rather than focusing on specific specialized areas. The Company has 
staffing capabilities in the areas of application development in .net and java, mobile applications for Android and IOS 
platforms, project management, IT security specialists, cloud development and architecture, business analysts, UI design and 
development, network infrastructure and support and database development and administration. The Company’s services 
provide customers with flexibility in staffing their day-to-day operations, as well as special projects, on a short-term or long-
term basis. 

The Company provides technical employees for projects, which usually range from three months to one year. Generally, 
customers may terminate projects at any time. Staffing services are typically provided at the client’s facility and are billed 
primarily on an hourly basis based on the actual hours worked by technical personnel provided by the Company and with 
reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses. The Company pays its technical personnel on a semi-monthly basis and invoices 
its customers, not less frequently than monthly. 

The Company’s success is dependent upon, among other things, its ability to attract, recruit and retain qualified professional 
IT personnel. The Company believes that there is significant competition for software professionals with the skills and 
experience necessary to perform the services offered by the Company. Although the Company generally has been successful 
in attracting employees with the skills needed to fulfill customer engagements, demand for qualified professionals conversant 
with certain technologies may outstrip supply as new and additional skills are required to keep pace with evolving computer 
technology or as competition for technical personnel increases. Increasing demand for qualified personnel could also result in 
increased expenses to hire and retain qualified technical personnel and could adversely affect the Company’s profit margins. 

In the past several years, an increasing number of companies are using or are considering using low cost offshore outsourcing 
centers, particularly in India, to perform technology related work and projects. This trend has contributed to an industry wide 
decline in domestic IT staffing revenue in some segments. There can be no assurance that this trend will not continue to 
adversely impact the Company’s IT staffing revenue. 

Beginning in the year ended May 31, 2017, the Company began to provide contract administrative (non-IT) workers to 
support some of its significant IT customers. This service was added at the customers’ request. The skills required for these 
positions are normally less demanding and the Company has hired a separate recruiting staff to handle this business, which 
includes both-in house and off-shore recruiters. There can be no assurance that the customers will continue to request these 
services. 

Page 4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATIONS 

The Company provides contract computer programming services primarily in the New York metropolitan area, New 
England, and the Mid-Atlantic region, although there are also customer locations around the country where the Company 
places contractors. The Company provides its services principally through offices located in Edison, New Jersey and Long 
Island, New York. The Company also leases an office space in New York City, but has sublet its New York City office due 
to the COVID-19 pandemic. Competition from larger competitors for recruiters has created more turnover than expected and 
increased the cost of retaining recruiters, making it more difficult to increase the number of technical recruiters on staff. As of 
May 31, 2022, the Company employed 36 persons who are responsible for recruiting technical and non-technical personnel 
and 12 persons who are account executives.  As of May 31, 2021, the Company had employed 29 technical and non-technical 
recruiters and 13 account executives.  For some services, the Company also uses offshore recruiters. The number of offshore 
recruiters contracted by the Company fluctuates depending on demand for services. At May 31, 2022 and May 31, 2021, the 
Company contracted for approximately 40 offshore recruiters to provide services to clients. 

MARKETING AND CUSTOMERS 

The Company focuses its marketing efforts on large businesses and institutions with significant IT budgets and recurring 
staffing and software development needs. The Company provided services to 62 customers during the year ended May 31, 
2022 (“fiscal 2022”) as compared to 61 in the year ended May 31, 2021 (“fiscal 2021”). The Company has historically 
derived a significant percentage of its total revenue from a relatively small number of customers. In fiscal 2022, the Company 
had four customers which each provided more than 10% of consolidated revenues: ADP (21.5%), Consolidated Edison 
(19.4%), Citigroup (15.8%), and AgileOne (11.1%). AgileOne provides vendor management services under an arrangement 
where the Company enters into a subcontract with AgileOne and AgileOne directly contracts with three end customers. The 
AgileOne end customers for which the Company provides services include Bristol Myers Squibb, which alone constituted 
10.6% of the Company’s consolidated revenue for fiscal 2022. Additionally, the Company’s top ten customers (including 
underlying customers of vendor management companies) accounted for 86% of consolidated revenue in fiscal 2022 and 81% 
in fiscal 2021. While continuing its efforts to further expand its client base, including strategically targeted middle market 
accounts, the Company’s marketing efforts are focused primarily on increasing business from its existing accounts. 
Approximately 21% of the Company’s revenue is derived from end customers in the financial services business. Competitive 
pressures in financial services, primarily with European based banks, have negatively affected the net effective rates that the 
Company charges to certain of the Company’s end customers in this industry, which has negatively affected the Company’s 
gross profit margins.   

Many of the Company’s major customers, totaling over 40% of revenue, have retained a third party to provide vendor 
management services and centralize the consultant hiring process. Under this system, the third party retains the Company to 
provide contract computer programming services, the Company bills the third party, and the third party bills the ultimate 
customer. At certain customers, this process has weakened the relationships the Company has built with its customers’ 
project managers, who are the Company’s primary contacts with its customers and with whom the Company would normally 
work to place consultants.  Instead, the Company is required to interface with the vendor management provider, making it 
more difficult to maintain its relationships with its customers and preserve and expand its business. In some cases, these 
changes have also reduced the Company’s profit margins because the vendor management company is retained for the 
purpose of keeping costs low for the end client and receives a processing fee which is deducted from the payment to the 
Company. 

In accordance with industry practice, most of the Company’s contracts for contract computer programming services are 
terminable by either the client or the Company on short notice. 

PROFESSIONAL STAFF AND RECRUITMENT 

In addition to using internet-based job boards such as LinkedIn, Indeed, Dice, Monster, Career Builder and Discover.org, the 
Company maintains a database of technical personnel with a wide range of skills. The Company uses a sophisticated 
proprietary computer system to match potential employees’ skills and experience with client requirements. The Company 
periodically contacts personnel within its database to update their availability, skills, employment interests and other matters 
and continually updates its database. This database is made available to the account executives and recruiters at each of the 
Company’s offices.  

The Company employs technical personnel primarily on an hourly basis, as required in order to meet the staffing 
requirements under particular contracts or for particular projects. The Company primarily recruits technical personnel by 
posting jobs on the Internet and, on occasion, by publishing advertisements in local newspapers and attending job fairs.  The 
Company devotes significant resources to recruiting technical personnel, maintaining 36 technical and non-technical 
recruiters based in the U.S. and contracting with companies for 40 to 80 offshore recruiters as needed to assist in locating 
both IT and administrative (non-IT) workers. Potential applicants are generally interviewed and tested by the Company’s  

Page 5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
recruiting personnel, by third parties that have the required technical backgrounds to review the qualifications of the 
applicants, or by on-line testing services.  In some cases, instead of employing technical personnel directly, the Company 
uses subcontractors who employ the technical personnel who are provided to the Company’s customers. For a small fee, the 
Company may sometimes process payments on behalf of customers to contractors identified by the customers directly instead 
of through the normal recruiting process; this is known as “payrolling”. 

Competition 
--------------- 
The technical staffing industry is highly competitive and fragmented and has low barriers to entry. The Company competes 
for potential customers with providers of outsourcing services, systems integrators, computer systems consultants, other 
providers of technical staffing services and, to a lesser extent, temporary personnel agencies. Many of the Company’s 
competitors are significantly larger and have greater financial resources than the Company. The Company believes that the 
principal competitive factors in obtaining and retaining customers are accurate assessment of customers’ requirements, timely 
assignment of technical employees with appropriate skills and the price of services. The principal competitive factors in 
attracting qualified technical personnel are compensation, availability, quality and variety of projects and schedule flexibility.  
The Company believes that many of the technical personnel included in its database may also be pursuing other employment 
opportunities. Therefore, the Company believes that its responsiveness to the needs of technical personnel is an important 
factor in the Company’s ability to fill projects. Although the Company believes it competes favorably with respect to these 
factors, it expects competition to increase and there can be no assurance that the Company will remain competitive. 

Intellectual Property Rights 
--------------------------------- 
The Company relies primarily upon a combination of trade secret, nondisclosure and other contractual arrangements to 
protect its proprietary rights. The Company generally enters into confidentiality agreements with its employees, consultants, 
customers and potential customers and limits access to and distribution of its proprietary information. There can be no 
assurance that the steps taken by the Company in this regard will be adequate to deter misappropriation of its proprietary 
information or that the Company will be able to detect unauthorized use and take appropriate steps to enforce its intellectual 
property rights. 

Personnel 
------------ 
As of May 31, 2022, the Company had 632 full-time employees including its 2 executive officers.  Of such employees, 12 
were engaged in sales, 36 were recruiters for technical and non-technical personnel, 566 were IT and administrative (non-IT) 
contractors, and 16 were engaged in corporate administrative and clerical functions. 

As of May 31, 2021, the Company had 606 full-time employees including its 2 executive officers.  Of such employees, 13 
were engaged in sales, 29 were recruiters for technical and non-technical personnel, 547 were IT and administrative (non-IT) 
contractors, and 15 were engaged in corporate administrative and clerical functions. 

 None of the Company’s employees belong to unions. 

Forward-Looking Statements 
----------------------------------- 
Certain statements contained under this Item 1A. “Risk Factors”, Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 1. “Business”, including but not limited to statements concerning 
the Company’s future prospects and the Company’s future cash flow requirements are forward-looking statements, as defined 
in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” 
“intend,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ 
materially from those projections in the forward-looking statements, which statements involve risks and uncertainties, 
including but not limited to the factors set forth below 

• 

• 

• 

the statements concerning the success of the Company’s plan for growth, both internally and through the previously 
announced pursuit of suitable acquisition candidates;  

the successful integration of announced and completed acquisitions and any anticipated benefits therefrom;  

the impact of adverse economic conditions on client spending, which include, but are not limited to, the current 
adverse economic conditions associated with the COVID-19 global health pandemic and the associated financial 
crisis, stay-at-home and other orders, which may significantly reduce client spending, and which may have a 
negative impact on the Company’s business;  

Page 6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

risks relating to the competitive nature of the markets for contract computer programming services;  

the extent to which market conditions for the Company’s contract computer programming services will continue to 
adversely affect the Company’s business;  

the concentration of the Company’s business with certain customers;  

uncertainty as to the Company’s ability to maintain its relations with existing customers and expand its business;  

the impact of changes in the industry, such as the use of vendor management companies in connection with the 
consultant procurement process;  

the increase in customers moving IT operations offshore;  

the Company’s ability to adapt to changing market conditions;  

the risks, uncertainties and expense of the legal proceedings to which the Company is, or may become, a party; and  

other risks and uncertainties set forth in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

Forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on currently available 
operating, financial and competitive information. We have no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking 
statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or risks, except to the extent required by applicable law. If 
we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates 
with respect to those or other forward-looking statements. New information, future events or risks could cause the forward-
looking events we discuss in this report not to occur. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking 
statements, which reflect our expectations only as of the date of this report. 

Item 1A.  Risk Factors    

Our business, financial condition and results of operations have been and may continue to be negatively impacted by 
global health epidemics, including the recent COVID-19 outbreak. 

Outbreaks of epidemic, pandemic, or contagious diseases such as COVID-19 have and may continue to have an adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. As the extent and duration of the COVID-19 outbreak 
remains unpredictable, international stock markets have experienced volatility reflecting the uncertainty associated with the 
slow-down in the global economy and the resulting governmental responses to the pandemic. If COVID-19 continues to 
progress in ways that disrupt our customers’ demand for computer programing services or staffing needs or otherwise 
continues to disrupt our operations, such disruptions may continue to negatively affect, and may in the future materially 
affect, our operating results. The majority of our workforce and customer base is located in New Jersey and New York and 
typically works on-site at client locations.  However, on March 20, 2020 New York Governor Cuomo signed the New York 
State on PAUSE executive order, which includes a new directive that all non-essential businesses statewide close in-office 
personnel functions effective March 22, 2020 to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and we determined that the 
Company is a non-essential business. In response to these public health directives and orders, we implemented and 
maintained work-from-home policies for certain employees. The effects of future executive orders, stay at home orders and 
our work-from-home policies may negatively impact productivity, disrupt our business and impact our ability to service our 
clients and our clients’ need for our services, the magnitude of which will depend, in part, on the length and severity of the 
restrictions and other limitations on our ability to conduct our business in the ordinary course. Similar, and perhaps more 
severe, disruptions in our operations could negatively impact, and may materially negatively impact, our business, operating 
results and financial condition. Quarantines, shelter-in-place and similar government orders, or the perception that such 
orders, shutdowns or other restrictions on the conduct of business operations could continue to occur, related to COVID-19 or 
other infectious diseases, could impact us and the business operations of our vendors and customers. Additionally, if the 
spread of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases limits our ability to make workers available either because they are ill or 
due to work-from-home orders, this likely would negatively affect, and may materially negatively affect, our operating 
results, cash flow and business.  

The full financial impact of the pandemic cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The extent to which COVID-19 
impacts our results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new 
information which may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions taken globally to contain 
the COVID-19 pandemic or treat its impact, among others. Existing insurance coverage may not provide protection for all 
costs that may arise from all such possible events. We continue to assess our business operations and system supports and the 
impact COVID-19 may have on our results and financial condition, but there can be no assurance that this analysis will 
enable us to avoid part or all of any impact from the spread of COVID-19 or its consequences, including downturns in 
business sentiment generally or in our sector in particular.  

Page 7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Our success depends on our management team and other key personnel, the loss of any of whom could disrupt our 
business operations. 

The Board of Directors of the Company elected Thomas Salerno, formerly branch manager of the New Jersey office of TSR 
Consulting Services, Inc. as Chief Executive Officer, President and Treasurer in March 2020. The Company is dependent on 
Thomas Salerno in his corporate positions and as President of TSR Consulting Services, Inc. The Company has an 
employment agreement with Mr. Salerno which expires November 2, 2023.  The Company is also dependent on certain of its 
account executives who are responsible for servicing its principal customers and attracting new customers. The Company 
generally does not have employment contracts with the account executives. There can be no assurance that the Company will 
be able to retain its existing personnel or find and attract additional qualified employees. The loss of the service of any of 
these personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company.    

The Company is currently subject to ongoing litigation with a former significant shareholder which, like other future 
lawsuits or investigations, could divert our resources or result in substantial liabilities. 

The Company is currently subject to litigation involving a former significant shareholder, as discussed in the “Legal 
Proceedings” section. In connection with this litigation, the Company may enter into a settlement of claims for monetary 
damages. The Company may also be subject to a judgment for monetary damages. Defending against and/or prosecuting the 
current litigation may be time-consuming, expensive and cause diversion of management’s attention. 

In the future, we may additionally be subject to legal or administrative proceedings and litigation which may be costly to 
defend and could materially harm our business, financial conditions and operations. With respect to any litigation, the 
Company’s insurance may not reimburse it or may not be sufficient to reimburse it for the self-insured retention that the 
Company is required to satisfy before any insurance applies to a claim, unreimbursed legal fees or an adverse result in any 
litigation. Such event may adversely impact the Company’s business, operating results or financial condition. 

Our business may be materially and adversely impacted if our relationship with one or more of our major customers is lost 
or disrupted. 

In fiscal 2022, the Company’s four largest customers, ADP, Consolidated Edison, Citigroup and AgileOne, accounted for 
21.5%, 19.4%, 15.8%, and 11.1% of the Company’s consolidated revenue, respectively. Any disruptions in our relationships 
with our significant customers may have a materially adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. 
AgileOne is a vendor management company through which the Company provides services to three end customers, of which 
Bristol Myers Squibb is the most significant, representing 10.6% of the Company’s consolidated revenue for fiscal 2022. In 
total, the Company derives over 40% of its revenue from accounts with vendor management companies. The Company’s 10 
largest customers provided 86% of consolidated revenue in fiscal 2022. Client contract terms vary depending on the nature of 
the engagement, and there can be no assurance that a client will renew a contract when it terminates. In addition, the 
Company’s contracts are generally cancelable by the client at any time on short notice, and customers may unilaterally reduce 
their use of the Company’s services under such contracts without penalty. For example, one of the Company’s 10 largest 
customers significantly reduced their use of the Company’s services as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Approximately 
21% of the Company’s revenue is derived from end customers in the financial services business. Competitive pressures in 
financial services, primarily with European based banks, have negatively affected the net effective rates that the Company 
charges to certain end customers in this industry, which has negatively affected the Company’s gross profit margins.  

In accordance with industry practice, most of the Company’s contracts for contract computer programming services are 
terminable by either the client or the Company on short notice. 

The accounts receivable balances associated with the Company’s largest customers were $8,668,000 for four customers at 
May 31, 2022 and $4,545,000 for three customers at May 31, 2021. Because of the significant amount of outstanding 
receivables that the Company may have with its larger customers at any one time, if a client, including a vendor management 
company which then contracts with the ultimate client, filed for bankruptcy protection or otherwise sought to modify 
payment terms, it could prevent the Company from collecting on the receivables and have an adverse effect on the 
Company’s results of operations.  

Page 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Damage to our reputation may adversely affect our customer relationships and our business, financial condition and 
results of operations.  

The Company’s reputation among its customers, potential customers and the staffing services industry depends on the 
performance of the technical personnel that the Company places with its customers. If the Company’s customers are not 
satisfied with the services provided by the technical personnel placed by the Company, or if the technical personnel placed by 
the Company lack the qualifications or experience necessary to perform the services required by the Company’s customers, 
the Company may not be able to successfully maintain its relationships with its customers or expand its client base. 

We operate in a competitive market for technical personnel, account executives and technical recruiters and disruptions to 
our business may result if we fail to attract and retain qualified personnel to operate our business and service our 
customers.  

The Company’s success is dependent upon its ability to attract and retain qualified computer professionals to provide as 
temporary personnel to its customers. Competition for the limited number of qualified professionals with a working 
knowledge of certain sophisticated computer languages, which the Company requires for its contract computer services 
business, is intense. The Company believes that there is a shortage of, and significant competition for, software professionals 
with the skills and experience necessary to perform the services offered by the Company. 

The Company’s ability to maintain and renew existing engagements and obtain new business in its contract computer 
programming business depends, in large part, on its ability to hire and retain technical personnel with the IT skills that keep 
pace with continuing changes in software evolution, industry standards and technologies, and client preferences. Although 
the Company generally has been successful in attracting employees with the skills needed to fulfill customer engagements, 
demand for qualified professionals conversant with certain technologies may outstrip supply as new and additional skills are 
required to keep pace with evolving computer technology or as competition for technical personnel increases. Increased 
demand for qualified personnel has resulted and is expected to continue to result in increased expenses to hire and retain 
qualified technical personnel and has adversely affected the Company’s profit margins. 

The Company faces a highly competitive market for hiring and retaining account executives and technical recruiters, which 
could affect the Company’s ability to hire and retain such personnel, including by increasing the costs of doing so. If the 
Company is successful in hiring technical recruiters and account executives, there can be no assurance that such hiring will 
result in increased revenue.  

We operate in a rapidly changing industry and a reduction in demand for our technical staffing services may adversely 
affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

The computer industry is characterized by rapidly changing technology and evolving industry standards. These include the 
overall increase in the sophistication and interdependency of computer technology and a focus by IT managers on cost- 
efficient solutions. There can be no assurance that these changes will not adversely affect demand for technical staffing 
services. Organizations may elect to perform such services in-house or outsource such functions to companies that do not 
utilize temporary staffing, such as that provided by the Company. 

Additionally, a number of companies have, in recent years, limited the number of vendors on their approved vendor lists, and 
are continuing to do so. In some cases, this has required the Company to subcontract with a company on the approved vendor 
list to provide services to customers. The staffing industry has also experienced margin erosion caused by this increased 
competition, and customers leveraging their buying power by consolidating the number of vendors with which they deal. In 
addition to these factors, there has been intense price competition in the area of IT staffing, pressure on billing rates and 
pressure by customers for discounts. The Company has endeavored to increase its technical recruiting staff in order to better 
respond to customers’ increasing demands for both the timeliness, quality and quantities of resume submittals against job 
requisitions.   

The Company cannot predict at this time what long-term effect these changes will have on the Company’s business and 
results of operations. 

The increase in our customers’ use of third-party vendor management companies may weaken our relationship with our 
customers and adversely impact our ability to development and expand customer relationships. 

There have been changes in the industry which have affected the Company’s operating results. Many customers have retained 
third parties to provide vendor management services, and in excess of 40% of the Company’s revenue is derived through 
business with vendor management companies. The third party is then responsible for retaining companies to provide 
temporary IT personnel. This results in the Company contracting with such third parties and not directly with the ultimate 
customer. This change weakens the Company’s relationship with its customer, which makes it more difficult for the 
Company to maintain and expand its business with its existing customers. It also reduces the Company’s profit margins. 

Page 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, the agreements with the vendor management companies are frequently structured as subcontracting agreements, 
with the vendor management company entering into a services agreement directly with the end customers. As a result, in the 
event of a bankruptcy of a vendor management company, the Company’s ability to collect its outstanding receivables and 
continue to provide services could be adversely affected.   

We have experienced limited growth in our business and recent economic uncertainties, including as a result of the 
COVID-19 pandemic, have decreased customer demand for our services and our results of operations may continue to be 
adversely impacted if economic uncertainties exist and demand for our services continues to decrease or plateau as a 
result.  

Demand for the Company’s IT staffing services has been and is significantly affected by the general economic environment.  
During periods of slowing economic activity, customers may reduce their IT projects and their demand for outside 
consultants. Therefore, any significant economic downturn could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of 
operations. The COVID-19 outbreak in the United States caused business disruption through mandated and voluntary closing 
of various businesses. While the disruption is currently expected to be temporary, there is considerable uncertainty around the 
ongoing economic impact. Therefore, the Company expects this matter to continue to negatively impact its operating results 
in future periods. However, the full financial impact and duration cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The Company 
expects that economic conditions will continue to affect the number of consultants on billing with customers and the 
Company’s profitability. In addition to the impact of the economic uncertainties, the Company has not been successful in 
expanding its customer base beyond its core customers. There is no assurance that the Company will achieve growth in its 
revenue. 

Increases in payroll-related costs coupled with an inability to increase our fees charged to customers to cover such costs 
has, and may likely continue to have, an adverse effect on our profitability.  

The Company is required to pay a number of federal, state and local payroll and related costs, including unemployment 
insurance, workers’ compensation insurance, employer’s portion of Social Security and Medicare taxes, among others, for 
our employees, including those placed with customers. Significant increases in the effective rates of any payroll-related costs 
would likely have a material adverse effect on the Company. During the past few years, many of the states in which the 
Company conducts business have significantly increased their state unemployment tax rates in an effort to increase funding 
for unemployment benefits. Costs have continued to increase as a result of health care reforms and the mandate to provide 
health insurance to employees under the Affordable Care Act. New York and New Jersey implemented laws over the last 
several years that require employers to provide certain minimum benefits for employees with respect to paid sick leave and 
family leave, which has and will continue to increase our payroll-related costs. Many other cities around the country have 
enacted or are in the process of enacting similar mandates. The Company has not been able to sufficiently increase the fees 
charged to its customers to cover these mandated cost increases. There are also proposals on the federal and state levels to 
phase in paid or partially paid family leave. The enacted mandates have had a negative effect on the Company’s profitability 
and additional mandates will continue to negatively impact the Company’s margins.  

The current trend of companies moving technology jobs and projects offshore has caused and could continue to cause 
revenue to decline.  

In the past few years, more companies are using or are considering using low cost offshore outsourcing centers, particularly 
in India and other East Asian countries, to perform technology related work and projects. This trend has reduced the growth 
in domestic IT staffing revenue for the industry. This trend has had a negative impact on our business and there can be no 
assurance that it will not continue to adversely impact the Company’s IT staffing revenue. 

Because much of our technical personnel consists of foreign nationals with work visas, changes in immigration laws that 
restrict the provision of work visas may adversely affect our ability to retain qualified technical personnel.  

The Company obtains many of its technical personnel by subcontracting with companies that utilize foreign nationals 
entering the U.S. on work visas, primarily under the H-1B visa classification. The Company also sponsors foreign nationals 
on H-1B visas on a limited basis. The H-1B visa classification enables U.S. employers to hire qualified foreign nationals in 
positions that require an education at least equal to a bachelor’s degree. U.S. Immigration laws and regulations are subject to 
legislative and administrative changes, as well as changes in the application of standards and enforcement. In recent years, 
proclamations have been issued to temporarily suspend certain immigration visas for many categories of foreign workers 
including H-1B. These and future restrictions on the availability of work visas could restrain the Company’s ability to acquire 
the skilled professionals needed to meet our customers’ requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on our 

Page 10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
business. The scope and impact of these changes on the staffing industry and the Company remain unclear, however a narrow 
interpretation and vigorous enforcement of existing laws and regulations could adversely affect the ability of entities with 
which the Company subcontracts to utilize foreign nationals and/or renew existing foreign national consultants on 
assignment. There can be no assurance that the Company or its subcontractors will be able to keep or replace all foreign 
nationals currently on assignment or continue to acquire foreign national talent at the same rates as in the past.  

We experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results. 

The Company’s revenue and operating results are subject to significant variations from quarter-to-quarter. Revenue is subject 
to fluctuation based upon a number of factors, including the timing and number of client projects commenced and completed 
during the quarter, delays incurred in connection with projects, the growth rate of the market for contract computer 
programming services and general economic conditions. Unanticipated termination of a project or the decision by a client not 
to proceed to the next stage of a project anticipated by the Company could result in decreased revenue and lower utilization 
rates which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results and financial condition. 
Compensation levels can be impacted by a variety of factors, including competition for highly skilled employees and 
inflation.   

The Company’s operating results also fluctuate due to seasonality. Typically, our billable hours, which directly affect our 
revenue and profitability, decrease in our third fiscal quarter. Clients closing during the holiday season and for winter weather 
normally causes the number of billable workdays for consultants on billing with customers to decrease. Additionally, at the 
beginning of the calendar year, which also falls within our third fiscal quarter, payroll taxes are at their highest. This typically 
results in our lowest gross margins of the year. The Company’s operating results are also subject to fluctuation as a result of 
other factors such as vacations, client mandated furloughs and client budgeting requirements. 

We believe competition in our industry and for qualified personnel will increase, and there can be no assurance that we 
will remain competitive.  

The technical staffing industry is highly competitive, fragmented and has low barriers to entry. The Company competes for 
potential customers with providers of outsourcing services, systems integrators, computer systems consultants, other 
providers of technical staffing services and, to a lesser extent, temporary personnel agencies. The Company competes for 
technical personnel with other providers of technical staffing services, systems integrators, providers of outsourcing services, 
computer systems consultants, customers and temporary personnel agencies. Many of the Company’s competitors are 
significantly larger and have greater financial resources than the Company. The Company believes that the principal 
competitive factors in obtaining and retaining customers are accurate assessment of customers’ requirements, timely 
assignment of technical employees with appropriate skills and the price of services. The principal competitive factors in 
attracting qualified technical personnel are compensation, availability, quality and variety of projects and schedule flexibility. 
The Company believes that many of the technical personnel included in its database may also be pursuing other employment 
opportunities. Therefore, the Company believes that its responsiveness to the needs of technical personnel is an important 
factor in the Company’s ability to fill projects. Although the Company believes it competes favorably with respect to these 
factors, it expects competition to increase, and there can be no assurance that the Company will remain competitive. 

The Company is exposed to contract and other liability, and there can be no assurance that our contracts and insurance 
coverage would adequately protect the Company from such liability or related claims or litigation. 

The personnel provided by the Company to customers provide services involving key aspects of its customers’ software 
applications. A failure in providing these services could result in a claim for substantial damages against the Company, 
regardless of the Company’s responsibility for such failure. The Company attempts to limit, contractually, its liability for 
damages arising from negligence or omissions in rendering services, but it is not always successful in negotiating such limits.   

Furthermore, due to increased competition and the requirements of vendor management companies, the Company may be 
required to accept less favorable terms regarding limitations on liability, including assuming obligations to indemnify 
customers for damages sustained in connection with the provision of our services. There can be no assurance our contracts 
will include the desired limitations of liability or that the limitations of liability set forth in our contracts would be 
enforceable or would otherwise protect the Company from liability for damages. 

The Company’s business involves assigning personnel to the workplace of the client, typically under the client’s supervision.  
Although the Company has little control over the client’s workplace, the Company may be exposed to claims of 
discrimination and harassment and other similar claims as a result of inappropriate actions allegedly taken against the  

Page 11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company’s personnel by customers. As an employer, the Company is also exposed to other possible employment-related 
claims. The Company is exposed to liability with respect to actions taken by its technical personnel while on a project, such 
as damages caused by technical personnel errors, misuse of client proprietary information or theft of client property. To 
reduce these exposures, the Company maintains insurance policies and a fidelity bond covering general liability, workers’ 
compensation claims, errors and omissions and employee theft. In certain instances, the Company indemnifies its customers 
for these exposures. Certain of these costs and liabilities are not covered by insurance. There can be no assurance that 
insurance coverage will continue to be available and at its current price or that it will be adequate to, or will, cover any such 
liability. 

Our business and our reputation could be adversely affected by a data security incident or the failure to protect sensitive 
client, employee and Company data, or the failure to comply with applicable regulations relating to data security and 
privacy. 

Our ability to protect client, employee, and Company data and information is critical to our reputation and the success of our 
business. Our clients and employees expect that their confidential, personal and private information will be secure in our 
possession. Attacks against security systems have become increasingly sophisticated along with developments in technology, 
and such attacks have become more prevalent. Consequently, the regulatory environment surrounding cybersecurity and 
privacy has become more and more demanding and has resulted in new requirements and increasingly demanding standards 
for protection of information. As a result, the Company may incur increased expenses associated with adequately protecting 
confidential client, employee, and Company data and complying with applicable regulatory requirements. There can be no 
assurance that we will be able to prevent unauthorized third parties from breaching our systems and gaining unauthorized 
access to confidential client, employee, and Company data even if our cybersecurity measures are compliant with regulatory 
requirements and standards. Unauthorized third party access to confidential client, employee, and Company data stored in our 
system whether as a result of a third party system breach, systems failure or employee negligence, fraud or misappropriation, 
could damage our reputation and cause us to lose customers, and could subject us to monetary damages, fines and/or criminal 
prosecution. Furthermore, unauthorized third-party access to or through our information systems or those we develop for our 
customers, whether by our employees or third parties, could result in system disruptions, negative publicity, legal liability, 
monetary damages, and damage to our reputation. 

While we take steps to protect our intellectual property rights and proprietary information, there can be no assurance that 
the Company can prevent misappropriation of such rights and information.  

The Company relies primarily upon a combination of trade secret, nondisclosure and other contractual agreements to protect 
its proprietary rights. The Company generally enters into confidentiality agreements with its employees, consultants, 
customers and potential customers and limits access to and distribution of its proprietary information. There can be no 
assurance that the steps taken by the Company in this regard will be adequate to deter misappropriation of its proprietary 
information or that the Company will be able to detect unauthorized use and take appropriate steps to enforce its intellectual 
property rights. 

Our significant stockholders, particularly if they choose to work together, may have the ability to exert significant 
influence over our business policies and affairs on matters submitted to our stockholders for approval. 

Our largest shareholders, Zeff Capital, L.P. and QAR Industries, Inc., are the beneficial owners of an aggregate of 978,273 
shares of Common Stock, which represents approximately 45.6% of the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Stock. 
By virtue of such ownership, Zeff Capital, L.P. and QAR Industries, Inc. have the ability to exercise significant influence 
over the Company. For example, this concentrated ownership could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control, merger, 
consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in transactions that other shareholders strongly 
support or conversely, this concentrated ownership could result in the consummation of such transactions that many of the 
Company’s other shareholders do not support. Further, investors may be prevented from affecting matters involving the 
Company, including: 

- 

- 
- 

the composition of our Board of Directors and, through it, any determination with respect to our business direction 
and policies, including the appointment and removal of officers; 
our acquisition of assets or other businesses; and 
our corporate financing activities. 

This significant concentration of stock ownership may also adversely affect the trading price for our Common Stock because 
investors may perceive disadvantages in owning stock in a company that is controlled by a small number of stockholders. 

Page 12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certain provisions of our governing documents may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us and make a 
takeover more difficult to complete, even if such a transaction were in the stockholders’ interest.  

In addition to the significant concentration of the ownership of our Common Stock, certain provisions of the Company’s 
charter and by-laws may have the effect of discouraging a third party from making an acquisition proposal for the Company 
and may thereby inhibit a change in control of the Company under circumstances that could give the holders of Common 
Stock the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market prices. Such provisions include a classified Board 
of Directors and advance notice requirements for nomination of directors and certain stockholder proposals set forth in the 
Company’s charter and by-laws.  

The issuance of new classes and series of preferred stock may deter or delay a change in control and/or affect our stock 
price.  

The Company’s charter authorizes the Board of Directors to create new classes and series of preferred stock and to establish 
the preferences and rights of any such classes and series without further action of the stockholders. The issuance of additional 
classes and series of capital stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the 
Company. 

Further, the Company’s stock price could be extremely volatile and, as a result, investors may not be able to resell their 
shares at or above the price they paid for them. 

Among the factors that have previously affected the Company’s stock price and may do so in the future are: 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

limited float and a low average daily trading volume; 
industry trends and the performance of the Company’s customers; 
fluctuations in the Company’s results of operations; 
litigation; and 
general market conditions. 

The stock market has, and may in the future, experience extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating 
performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of the 
Company’s Common Stock. 

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments  
                 ------------------------------------------ 
None 

Item 2.  Properties 
              --------------- 
The Company leases 8,000 square feet of space in Hauppauge, New York for a term expiring December 31, 2023, with 
annual rents of approximately $97,000. This space is used as executive and administrative offices for the Company and the 
Company’s operating subsidiaries. The Company also leases sales and recruiting offices in New York City (lease expires 
August 2022) and Edison, New Jersey (lease expires May 2027), with aggregate annual rents of approximately $160,000 and 
$118,000, respectively. The Company entered into an agreement to sublease the New York City office space, resulting in a 
right-of-use asset impairment charge of $137,000 recorded in fiscal 2021. 

The Company believes the present locations are adequate for its current needs as well as for the future expansion of its 
existing business. 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings 
              ------------------------------ 

Christopher Hughes v. TSR, Inc., Docket No. 651753-2020 (NY Supr. Ct., New York County)  

Christopher Hughes, the former Chief Executive Officer of the Company (“Hughes”), filed a complaint against the Company 
in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in March 2020 alleging two causes of action: (1) breach of his employment 
contract; and (2) breach of the duty of good faith and fair dealing.  Hughes alleged that he was terminated without cause or in 
the alternative that he resigned for good reason and therefore, pursuant to the Amended and Restated Employment 
Agreement, dated August 9, 2018, between the Company and Hughes, Hughes sought severance pay in the amount of 
$1,000,000 and reasonable costs and attorney’s fees.  The Company denied Hughes’ allegations and filed various 
counterclaims against Hughes.  In October 2021, the Company and Hughes agreed through mediation to settle this matter. In 
order to avoid lengthy and costly litigation and discovery expenses, the Company has paid Hughes $705,000 to settle all 
claims. After adjusting for insurance reimbursement, the Company recorded a charge of $580,000 to selling, general and 
administrative expenses in the quarter ended August 31, 2021 and the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022. 

Page 13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fintech Consulting LLC v. TSR, Inc., et al., case number 2:21-cv-20181(KSH)(AME) (U.S. Dist. Ct., Dist. of New Jersey) 

On December 1, 2021, Fintech Consulting LLC filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for 
the District of New Jersey. The named Defendants in the complaint are the Company, QAR Industries, Inc., a shareholder of 
TSR (“QAR”), Robert E. Fitzgerald, a director and shareholder of TSR and the President, director and a shareholder of QAR 
(“Fitzgerald”), and Bradley Tirpak, a shareholder and the chairman of the board of directors of TSR (“Tirpak”). The 
complaint purports to assert claims against the Defendants under state law and Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act in 
connection with a Share Purchase Agreement, dated January 31, 2021, by and between the Plaintiff, as the seller of shares of 
TSR's common stock, and QAR and Tirpak, as the purchasers of such shares (the “SPA”). The plaintiff seeks (i) judgment 
declaring the transactions represented by the SPA null and avoid and returning the shares; (ii) judgment cancelling the SPA 
and returning the shares in exchange for return of the purchase price; (iii) judgement unwinding the transaction; (iv) 
compensatory damages; (v) punitive damages; (vi) pre-judgment interest; (vii) costs of suit including attorneys’ fees; and 
(viii) such other relief as the Court may find appropriate. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in 
this report and the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 21, 2021 for more information.  

The Company believes the action described above to be without merit and intends to vigorously defend its interests. 
However, the Company may incur significant additional legal expenses as it pursues a vigorous defense against this action. 

While the Company believes the action to be without merit, no assurances can be given as to: (i) the outcome of this or other 
legal proceedings and (ii) the related impact of an unanticipated adverse outcome of these proceedings on the Company's 
financial condition, results of operations or near-term liquidity. 

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures 
             ------------------------------ 
Not applicable. 

Page 14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 
              --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
The Company’s shares of Common Stock trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol TSRI. The following are 
the high and low sales prices for each quarter during the fiscal years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021: 

High Sales Price ...........................  
Low Sales Price ...........................  

High Sales Price...........................  
Low Sales Price ...........................  

JUNE 1, 2021 – MAY 31, 2022 

1ST 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$  13.94 
8.00 

2ND 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$ 16.80 
8.38 

3RD 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$ 15.28 
7.71 

4TH 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$ 15.62 
6.88 

JUNE 1, 2020 – MAY 31, 2021 

1ST 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$ 6.69 
3.26 

2ND 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$ 7.25 
4.47 

3RD 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$18.73 
6.20 

4TH 
QUARTER 
-------------- 
$14.70 
7.57 

There were 46 holders of record of the Company’s Common Stock as of July 31, 2022. Additionally, the Company estimates 
that there were 1,300 beneficial holders as of that date. The Company has no current plans to implement a quarterly dividend 
program or pay any other special cash dividend. 

The only securities authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plan relate to the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan. See 
Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this report. 

Item 6.  Reserved 
              ----------- 
Reserved.  

Page 15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements 
and notes thereto presented elsewhere in this report. 

Results of Operations 
-------------------------- 
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated certain financial information derived from the Company’s 
consolidated statements of operations. There can be no assurance that historical trends in operating results will continue in 
the future: 

Years Ended May 31, 
(Dollar Amounts in Thousands) 
-------------------------------------- 
2021 
2022 
------------ 
------------ 

Amount 
----------- 
 $  97,312 
     81,314 
     -------- 
     15,998 
     15,619 
     -------- 
379   
     6,622 
     -------- 
     7,001 
(1 ) 
     -------- 
     7,002 
73 
     -------- 
 $  6,929 
     ===== 

% of 
Revenue 
------------- 
 100.0% 
  83.6 
------- 
  16.4 
  16.0 
------- 
  0.4 
  6.8 
------- 
  7.2 
  0.0 
------- 
  7.2 
  0.1 
------- 
  7.1% 
==== 

Amount 
----------- 

 $  68,821 
     57,500 
     -------- 
     11,321 
     11,809 
     -------- 

(488 ) 
(198 ) 

     -------- 

(686 ) 
(109 ) 

     -------- 

(577 ) 
24 
     -------- 
 $ 
     ===== 

(601 ) 

% of 
Revenue 
------------- 
 100.0% 
  83.6 
------- 
  16.4 
  17.1 
------- 
  (0.7) 
  (0.3) 
------- 
  (1.0) 
  (0.1) 
------- 
  (0.9) 
  0.0 
------- 
  (0.9)% 
==== 

Revenue, Net ....................................................................................  
Cost of Sales .....................................................................................  

Gross Profit ......................................................................................  
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses ................................  

Income (Loss) from Operations .......................................................  
Other Income (Expense), Net ...........................................................  

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes ...............................................  
Benefit from Income Taxes ..............................................................  

Consolidated Net Income (Loss) ......................................................  
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest .........................  

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to TSR, Inc.  ..................................  

Revenue 
----------- 

Revenue consists primarily of revenue from computer programming consulting services. Revenue for the fiscal year ended 
May 31, 2022 increased approximately $28,491,000 or 41.4% from the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021, primarily due to new 
business development, organic growth and expanded activity with Geneva clients. The average number of consultants on 
billing with customers increased from 479 for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 to 701 for the fiscal year ended May 31, 
2022. There were 335 and 431 IT contractors at May 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively; while there were 144 and 270 clerical 
and administrative contractors at May 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.  

We experienced terminated assignments and a decrease in demand for new assignments during fiscal 2021 due to the 
COVID-19 pandemic, which led to the lower number of consultant placements during the year and negatively impacted the 
Company’s revenues.  Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic created operational challenges. The start of certain new 
assignments was delayed in fiscal 2021 due to delays in obtaining necessary clearances, as many of the agencies required to 
be contacted in obtaining the information needed for background checks were fully or partially closed. By the end of the first 
quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company had used 100% of the $6,659,000 proceeds from the PPP Loan (as defined in Note 10 to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this report) it received in April 2020 to fund its payroll and other 
allowable expenses, which was fully forgiven in July 2021. The use of these proceeds allowed the Company to avoid certain 
salary reductions, furloughs and layoffs of employees during the covered period.  

Page 16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Sales 
---------------- 
Cost of sales for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 increased approximately $23,814,000 or 41.4% to $81,314,000 from 
$57,500,000 in the prior year period. The increase in cost of sales resulted primarily from an increase in consultants placed 
with customers, primarily from the new business development activity, organic growth and expanded activity with Geneva 
clients. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue remained at 83.6% in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 and in the fiscal 
year ended May 31, 2022. The percentage increase in cost of sales for fiscal 2022 as compared to fiscal 2021 (41.4% 
increase) was substantially the same as the percentage increase in revenue for fiscal 2022 as compared to fiscal 2021 (41.1% 
increase), causing no change in gross margin percentage.    

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses 
-------------------------------------------------------- 
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of expenses relating to account executives, technical recruiters, 
facilities costs, management and corporate overhead. These expenses increased approximately $3,810,000 or 32.3% from 
$11,809,000 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 to $15,619,000 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022. The increase in 
these expenses primarily resulted from an additional $2,170,000 in selling, general and administrative expenses for the  
Geneva accounts, a charge of $580,000 for the legal settlement with the Company’s former Chief Executive officer,  
additional non-cash compensation expenses of $329,000 related to the TSR, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, and an increase 
in headcount for our recruiting team to support the growth in revenue. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a 
percentage of revenue, decreased from 17.1% in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 to 16.0% in the fiscal year ended May 
31, 2022.  

Other Income (Expense) 
----------------------------- 
Other income (expense) for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 resulted primarily from the forgiveness of principal and 
accrued interest on the PPP Loan of $6,735,000, offset by net interest expense of approximately $102,000 and a mark-to-
market loss of $10,000 on the Company’s marketable equity securities. Other expense for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 
resulted primarily from net interest expense of approximately $193,000 and a mark-to-market loss of approximately $5,000 
on the Company’s marketable equity securities.  

Income Taxes 
------------------ 
The effective income tax rates were less than 0.1% for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 and a benefit of 15.9% for the 
fiscal year ended May 31, 2021. The effective income tax rate was lower than expected in fiscal 2022 due to the non-taxable 
gain on the forgiveness of the PPP Loan principal and accrued interest. 

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to TSR 
----------------------------------------------- 
Net income (loss) attributable to TSR was approximately $6,929,000 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 compared to a 
loss of $601,000 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021. The net income in the current fiscal year was primarily attributable to 
the forgiveness of principal and accrued interest on the PPP Loan and increased revenue from additional contractors on 
billing with clients. 

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices 
------------------------------------------------ 
For the fiscal years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, inflation and changing prices did not have a material effect on the 
Company’s revenue or income from continuing operations.   The impact for fiscal 2023 cannot yet be determined. 

Page 17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity, Capital Resources and Changes in Financial Condition 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
The Company’s cash was sufficient to enable it to meet its liquidity requirements during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022.  
The Company expects that its cash and cash equivalents and the Company’s revolving Credit Facility (the “Credit Facility”) 
pursuant to a Loan and Security Agreement with Access Capital, Inc. (the “Lender”) will be sufficient to provide the 
Company with adequate resources to meet its liquidity requirements for the 12-month period following the issuance of these 
financial statements. Utilizing its accounts receivable as collateral, the Company has secured the Credit Facility to increase its 
liquidity as necessary. As of May 31, 2022, the net borrowings outstanding against this Credit Facility were approximately 
$62,000. The amount the Company has borrowed fluctuates and, at times, it has utilized the maximum amount of $2,000,000 
available under this facility in the prior fiscal year to fund its payroll and other obligations. The Company was in compliance 
with all covenants under the Credit Facility as of May 31, 2022 and through the date of this filing. Additionally, in April 
2020, the Company secured a PPP Loan in the amount of $6,659,000 to meet its obligations in the face of potential 
disruptions in its business operations and the potential inability of its customers to pay their accounts when due. As of August 
31, 2020, the Company had used 100% of the PPP Loan funds to fund its payroll and for other allowable expenses under the 
PPP Loan.  The use of these funds allowed the Company to avoid certain salary reductions, furloughs and layoffs of 
employees during the period. The Company applied for PPP Loan forgiveness and its application for forgiveness was 
accepted and approved; the PPP Loan and accrued interest were fully forgiven in July 2021. 

At May 31, 2022, the Company had working capital (total current assets in excess of total current liabilities) of 
approximately $10,912,000, including cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $6,526,000, as compared to 
working capital of $8,898,000, including cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $7,416,000, at May 31, 
2021.  

Net cash flow of approximately $2,307,000 was used in operations during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 as compared to 
$1,304,000 of net cash flow provided by operations in the prior year. The cash used in operations for the fiscal year ended 
May 31, 2022 primarily resulted from consolidated net income of $7,002,000, non-cash stock-based compensation of 
$565,000 and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $717,000, offset by the forgiveness of the PPP Loan 
principal and accrued interest of $6,735,000 and an increase in accounts receivable of $3,767,000. The cash provided by 
operations for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 primarily resulted from an increase in accounts payable and other payables 
and accrued expenses of $2,798,000 and a decrease in prepaid and recoverable income taxes of $590,000 offset by the 
consolidated net loss of $577,000 and an increase in accounts receivable of $1,824,000. The increase in accounts payable and 
accrued expenses primarily resulted from the deferral of $1,269,000 in payroll taxes as allowed by the CARES Act. One half 
of these deferred payroll taxes were due on December 31, 2021 and the second half on December 31, 2022.  

Net cash used in investing activities of approximately $87,000 for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 resulted from 
purchases of fixed assets. Net cash used in investing activities of approximately $3,226,000 for the fiscal year ended May 31, 
2021 primarily resulted from the acquisition of Geneva in the amount of $3,100,000 and purchases of fixed assets of 
$126,000.   

Net cash provided by financing activities of $1,514,000 during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 resulted primarily from 
the net proceeds of the sales of the Company’s common stock in our at-the-market (“ATM”) program of $1,784,000 offset by 
payments made for taxes related to vested stock awards of $212,000, net repayments on the Company’s Credit Facility of 
$31,000 and distributions to the minority interest of $27,000. Net cash used in financing activities of approximately $437,000 
during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 resulted from net payments on the Company’s Credit Facility of $409,000 and 
distributions to the minority interest of $28,000. 

The Company’s capital resource commitments at May 31, 2022 consisted of lease obligations on its branch and corporate 
facilities and an accrued legal settlement payable. The net present value of its future lease and settlement payments were 
approximately $707,000 and $598,000, respectively, as of May 31, 2022. The Company intends to finance these 
commitments primarily from the Company’s available cash and Credit Facility.  

Page 18 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical Accounting Estimates 
------------------------------------- 
The Securities Act regulations define “critical accounting estimates” as those estimates made in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely 
to have a material impact on the financial statements or results of operations of the registrant. These estimates require the 
application of management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates 
about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. 

The Company’s significant accounting estimates and policies are described in Note 1 to its consolidated financial statements, 
contained elsewhere in this report. The Company believes that the following accounting estimates and policies require the 
application of management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments: 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenues are recognized as control of the promised service is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the 
consideration expected in exchange for the services. Revenues from contract assignments are recognized over time, based on 
hours worked by the Company’s contract professionals. The performance of the requested service over time is the single 
performance obligation for assignment revenues. Certain customers may receive discounts (e.g., volume discounts, rebates, 
prompt-pay discounts) and adjustments to the amounts billed. These discounts, rebates and adjustments are considered 
variable consideration. Volume discounts are the largest component of variable consideration and are estimated using the 
most likely amount method prescribed by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, contracts terms and estimates of 
revenue. Revenues are recognized net of variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of 
revenues will not occur in subsequent periods. Payment terms vary and the time between invoicing and when payment is due 
is not significant. There are no financing components to the Company’s arrangements. There are no incremental costs to 
obtain contracts and costs to fulfill contracts are expensed as incurred. The Company’s operations are primarily located in the 
United States. The Company recognizes most of its revenue on a gross basis when it acts as a principal in its transactions. 
The Company has direct contractual relationships with its customers, bears the risks and rewards of its arrangements, and has 
the discretion to select the contract professionals and establish the price for the services to be provided. Additionally, the 
Company retains control over its contract professionals based on its contractual arrangements. The Company primarily 
provides services through its employees and to a lesser extent, through subcontractors; the related costs are included in cost 
of sales. The Company includes billable expenses (out-of-pocket reimbursable expenses) in revenue and the associated 
expenses are included in cost of sales. 

Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets 

We regularly evaluate our ability to recover the reported amount of our deferred income tax assets considering several 
factors, including our estimate of the likelihood of the Company generating sufficient taxable income in future years during 
the period over which temporary differences reverse. Presently, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that it 
will realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets based primarily on the Company’s history of and projections for taxable 
income in the future. In the event that actual results differ from our estimates, or we adjust these estimates in future periods, 
we may need to establish a valuation allowance against a portion or all of our deferred tax assets, which could materially 
impact our financial position or results of operations. 

Goodwill 

Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price paid for an acquisition exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identified 
tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is subject to impairment analysis at least once annually 
or more frequently upon the occurrence of an event or when circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a unit is 
greater than its fair value.  

Intangible Assets 

The Company amortizes its intangible assets over their estimated useful lives and will review these assets for impairment 
when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be 
recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash 
flows the assets are expected to generate. If intangible assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized 
equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair market value.  

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
                 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
The Company is a smaller reporting company and is therefore not required to provide this information. 

Page 19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
             -------------------------------------------------------- 

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Page 
------ 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 596) ....................................... 21 

Consolidated Financial Statements: 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of May 31, 2022 and 2021 .................................................................... 22 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 ............................. 24 

Consolidated Statements of Equity for the years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 .................................... 25 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 ............................ 26 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ............................................................................................ 27 

Page 20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Board of Directors and Shareholders 
TSR, Inc. 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TSR, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of May 31, 
2022 and 2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity and cash flows for each of the years in the two-
year period ended May 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In 
our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company 
as of May 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period 
ended May 31, 2022 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  

Basis for Opinion 

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with 
respect to the  Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, 
whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal 
control over financial reporting.  As part of our audits, we are required  to obtain an understanding of internal control over 
financial report, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, 
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on 
a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the 
that  our  audits  provide  a  reasonable  basis  for  our  opinion. 
consolidated  financial  statements.  We  believe 

Critical Audit Matters    

Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or 
required  to be  communicated  to  the  audit  committee  and  that:  (1)  relate  to  accounts  or disclosures  that  are material  to  the 
financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there 
are no critical audit matters. 

/s/ CohnReznick LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2008. 

Melville, New York 

August 15, 2022 

Page 21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

ASSETS 

Current Assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents ...............................................................................  
Marketable securities .......................................................................................  
Accounts receivable: 

Trade, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $181,000 in 
  2022 and 2021 ...............................................................................  
Other ................................................................................................  

Prepaid expenses .............................................................................................  
Prepaid and recoverable income taxes .............................................................  

Total Current Assets ........................................................................   

Equipment and leasehold improvements, at cost: 

Equipment  ......................................................................................................  
Furniture and fixtures ......................................................................................  
Leasehold improvements .................................................................................  

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization ............................................  

2022 
----------- 

2021 
----------- 

  $ 

6,490,158 
35,536 

  $  7,370,646 
45,696 

13,427,562 
39,753 
------------- 
13,467,315 

216,776 
31,795 
------------- 
20,241,580 
------------- 

192,773 
64,766 
76,349 
------------- 
333,888 

195,094 
------------- 
138,794 

9,660,742 
32,508 
------------- 
9,693,250 

253,694 
8,671 
------------- 
    17,371,957 
------------- 

154,499 
64,766 
51,979 
------------- 
271,244 

155,006 
------------- 
116,238 

Other assets ....................................................................................................................  
Right-of-use asset     ......................................................................................................  
Intangible assets, net  .....................................................................................................  
Goodwill ........................................................................................................................  
Deferred income taxes ...................................................................................................  

Total Assets .....................................................................................  

63,270 
652,020 
1,500,750 
785,883 
972,000 
------------- 
  $  24,354,297 
    ======== 

47,663 
895,573 
1,671,750 
785,883 
941,000 
------------- 
  $ 21,830,064 
    ======== 

  See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

Page 22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 

Current Liabilities: 

Accounts and other payables ..........................................................................  

  $ 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities: 
  Salaries, wages and commissions ..............................................................  
  Other ..........................................................................................................  

Advances from customers ..............................................................................  
Credit facility ..................................................................................................  
Legal settlement payable - current  .................................................................  
Operating lease liabilities - current .................................................................  

Total Current Liabilities .................................................................................  

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion ..........................................................  
Legal settlement payable, net of current portion ..........................................................  
SBA Paycheck Protection Program loan payable .........................................................  

Total Liabilities ..............................................................................................  

Commitments and Contingencies 

Equity: 
TSR, Inc. 
  Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, authorized 500,000 shares; none issued ..............  
  Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 12,500,000 shares; issued     

3,298,549 and 3,114,163 shares; 2,146,448 and 1,962,062 outstanding..................  
  Additional paid-in capital ........................................................................................  
  Retained earnings ....................................................................................................  

  Less: treasury stock, 1,152,101 shares, at cost ........................................................  

Total TSR, Inc. Equity......................................................................................  
  Noncontrolling Interest ............................................................................................  

Total Equity ..................................................................................................................  

  Total Liabilities and Equity .....................................................................................  

  See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

Page 23 

2022 
----------- 

2021 
----------- 

1,425,021 
------------- 

  $ 

2,083,140 
------------- 

4,755,437 
1,063,466 
------------- 
5,818,903 

1,210,992 
61,882 
597,566 
214,941 
------------- 
9,329,305 
------------- 
492,427 
- 
- 
------------- 
9,821,732 
------------- 

3,634,885 
884,531 
------------- 
4,519,416 

1,170,500 
92,527 
298,370 
309,731 
------------- 
8,473,684 
------------- 
707,369 
568,739 
6,659,220 
------------- 
16,409,012 
------------- 

- 

- 

32,986 
7,473,866 
20,470,042 
------------- 
27,976,894 
13,514,003 
------------- 
14,462,891 
69,674 
------------- 
14,532,565 
------------- 
  $  24,354,297 
    ======== 

31,142 
5,339,200 
13,540,822 
------------- 
18,911,164 
13,514,003 
------------- 
5,397,161 
23,891 
------------- 
5,421,052 
------------- 
  $  21,830,064 
    ======== 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
Years Ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 

Revenue, net ............................................................................................................  

Cost of sales .............................................................................................................  
Selling, general and administrative expenses ..........................................................  

Income (loss) from operations .................................................................................  

Other income (expense): 
  Gain on PPP Loan and interest forgiveness ........................................................  
Interest expense, net ...........................................................................................  
  Unrealized loss from marketable securities, net .................................................  

Income (loss) before income taxes ..........................................................................  
Benefit from income taxes .......................................................................................  

Consolidated net income (loss) ................................................................................  
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest .........................................  

Net income (loss) attributable to TSR, Inc.  ............................................................  

Basic net income (loss) per TSR, Inc. common share .............................................  

Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding .............................  

Diluted net income (loss) per TSR, Inc. common share ..........................................  

Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding .........................  

  See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

2022 
----------- 

2021 
----------- 

  $  97,312,449 
  -------------- 
  81,314,406 
  15,619,409 
  -------------- 
  96,933,815 
  -------------- 
378,634 
  -------------- 

6,735,246 
(102,327 ) 
(10,160) 
  -------------- 
6,622,759 
  -------------- 
7,001,393 
(1,000) 
  -------------- 
7,002,393 
73,173 
  -------------- 
  $  6,929,220 
  ======== 

  $  68,821,217 
  -------------- 
  57,500,303 
  11,808,950 
  -------------- 
  69,309,253 
  -------------- 
(488,036 ) 
  -------------- 

- 
(193,401 ) 
(4,648) 
  -------------- 
(198,049) 
  -------------- 
(686,085 ) 
(109,000 ) 
  -------------- 
(577,085 ) 
23,889 
  -------------- 
(600,974 ) 
  ======== 

  $ 

  $ 

3.42 
  ======== 
2,024,325 
  ======== 

  $ 

(0.31 ) 
  ======== 
1,962,062 
  ======== 

  $ 

3.30 
  ======== 
2,097,898 
  ======== 

  $ 

(0.31 ) 
  ======== 
1,962,062 
  ======== 

Page 24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY 
Years Ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 

Shares of 
common 
stock 
---------- 

Common 
stock 
--------- 

Additional 
paid-in 
capital 
---------- 

Retained 
earnings 
---------- 

Treasury 
stock 
---------- 

TSR, Inc. 
equity 
---------- 

Non- 
controlling 
interest 
------------ 

Total 
equity 
---------- 

Balance at June 
1, 2020 .............   

  3,114,163 

Net income 
attributable to         
noncontrolling 
interest .............  

Distribution to  
noncontrolling 
interest .............  

- 

- 

Non-cash 
stock 
compensation ...  

                 - 

Net loss 
attributable to 
TSR, Inc.  .........  

- 
  ------------ 

Balance at May 
31, 2021 ...........   

  3,114,163 

  $  31,142 

 $5,102,868 

 $14,141,796 

$(13,514,003) 

  $ 5,761,803 

 $  28,380 

 $  5,790,183 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  236,332 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  23,889 

23,889 

  (28,378) 

(28,378) 

- 

  236,332 

- 

236,332 

- 
- 
   ------------ 
  -------- 

  (600,974) 
 ------------- 

- 
--------------- 

  (600,974) 
 ------------ 

- 
 ---------- 

  (600,974) 
 ------------- 

  31,142 

   5,339,200 

  13,540,822 

 (13,514,003) 

 5,397,161 

  23,891 

  5,421,052 

Net income 
attributable to         
noncontrolling 
interest .............   

Distribution to  
noncontrolling 
interest .............  

Net proceeds of 
sales of stock  
through ATM ...  

Non-cash 
stock 
compensation ...  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

142,500 

  1,425 

  1,782,373 

- 

- 

  564,952   

419 

   (212,659) 

Vested stock 
awards and 
taxes paid .........  

       41,886 

Net income 
attributable to 
TSR, Inc.  .........  

- 
  ------------ 

Balance at May 
31, 2022 ...........  

  3,298,549 
 ======= 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  73,173 

73,173 

  (27,390) 

(27,390) 

- 

 1,783,798 

- 

  1,783,798 

- 

  564,952 

- 

564,952 

- 

  (212,240) 

- 

  (212,240) 

- 
- 
   ------------ 
  -------- 

  6,929,220 
 ------------- 

- 
--------------- 

 6,929,220 
 ------------ 

- 
 ---------- 

  6,929,220 
 ------------- 

  $  32,986 
  ===== 

 $7,473,866 
   ======= 

 $20,470,042 
  ======== 

$(13,514,003) 
========= 

  $14,462,891 
  ======== 

 $  69,674 
 ====== 

 $14,532,565 
  ======== 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

Page 25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
Years Ended May 31, 2022 and 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

  Consolidated net income (loss) .............................................................................  
  Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income (loss) to net cash 

    (used in) provided by operating activities: 
  Depreciation and amortization............................................................................  
  Unrealized loss from marketable securities, net .................................................  
  Non-cash right-of-use asset impairment charge .................................................  
  Non-cash lease recovery .....................................................................................  
  Non-cash stock-based compensation expense ....................................................  
  Forgiveness of principal and accrued interest on SBA PPP Loan ......................  
  Deferred income taxes ........................................................................................  

  Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 
    Accounts receivable-trade ...............................................................................  
    Other receivables .............................................................................................  
    Prepaid expenses .............................................................................................  
    Prepaid and recoverable income taxes ............................................................  
    Other assets .....................................................................................................  
    Accounts and other payables and accrued expenses and other  

  current liabilities ..........................................................................................  
    Legal settlement payable .................................................................................  
    Advances from customers ...............................................................................  

  Net cash (used in) provided by in operating activities ..........................................  

Cash flows from investing activities: 

  Purchase of Geneva Consulting Group, Inc., net of cash acquired of $241,946  
  Purchases of equipment and leasehold improvements........................................  

  Net cash used in investing activities .....................................................................  

Cash flows from financing activities: 

  Net repayments on Credit Facility ......................................................................  
  Net proceeds from ATM stock sales ..................................................................  
  Tax withholding from vested stock awards ........................................................  
  Distributions to noncontrolling interest ..............................................................  

  Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ..............................................  

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents .................................................................  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ........................................................  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ..................................................................  

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow data: 

Income taxes paid .................................................................................................  

Non-cash investing and financing activities: 
  Right-of-use asset and operating lease liability ....................................................  

  See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

Page 26 

2022 
------------ 

2021 
------------ 

$  7,002,393 

$  (577,085) 

235,131 
10,160 
- 
(66,179 ) 
564,952 
  (6,735,246 ) 
(31,000 ) 

  (3,766,820 ) 
(7,245 ) 
36,918 
(23,124 ) 
(15,607 ) 

717,394 
(269,543 ) 
40,492   
--------------- 
  (2,307,324 ) 
--------------- 

- 
(86,687 ) 
--------------- 
(86,687 ) 
--------------- 

(30,645 ) 
  1,783,798 
(212,240 ) 
(27,390 ) 
  ------------- 
  1,513,523 
  ------------- 
(880,488 )  

  7,370,646 
  ------------- 
$  6,490,158 
  ======== 

158,154 
4,648 
136,599 
(19,098 ) 
236,332 
- 
(157,000 ) 

  (1,824,447 ) 
(27,420 ) 
(45,583 ) 
590,222 
1,990 

  2,797,809 
39,287 
(10,734 )  
--------------- 
  1,303,674 
--------------- 

  (3,100,114 ) 
(125,951 ) 
--------------- 
  (3,226,065 ) 
--------------- 

(408,607 ) 
- 
- 
(28,378 ) 
  -------------- 
(436,985 ) 
  -------------- 
  (2,359,376 )  

  9,730,022 
  ------------- 
$  7,370,646 
  ======== 

54,000 
$ 
  ======== 

45,000 
$ 
  ======== 

$ 
- 
  ======== 

$ 
846,000 
  ======== 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

(1)  Summary of Business and Significant Accounting Policies 

(a)  Business, Nature of Operations and Customer Concentrations 

TSR, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company,” “TSR,” “we,” “us” and “our”) are primarily engaged in providing 
contract computer programming services to commercial customers located primarily in the Metropolitan New York 
area. The Company provides its customers with technical computer personnel to supplement their in-house 
information technology (“IT”) capabilities. In addition, beginning in fiscal 2017, the Company has provided and 
continues to provide administrative (non-IT) workers on a contract basis to some of its existing customers, including 
new customers acquired following the Geneva acquisition. In fiscal 2022, four customers each accounted for more 
than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenue, constituting a combined 67.7%. The largest of these constituted 
21.5% of consolidated revenue. In fiscal 2021, three customers each accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s 
consolidated revenue, constituting a combined 54.3%. The largest of these constituted 22.4% of consolidated 
revenue. The accounts receivable balances associated with the Company’s largest customers were $8,668,000 for 
four customers at May 31, 2022 and $4,585,000 for three customers at May 31, 2021. The Company operates in one 
business segment, contract staffing services. 

(b)  Principles of Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TSR and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany 
balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

(c)  Revenue Recognition 

Revenues are recognized as control of the promised service is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the 
consideration expected in exchange for the services. Revenues from contract assignments are recognized over time, 
based on hours worked by the Company’s contract professionals. The performance of the requested service over 
time is the single performance obligation for assignment revenues. Certain customers may receive discounts (e.g., 
volume discounts, rebates, prompt-pay discounts) and adjustments to the amounts billed. These discounts, rebates 
and adjustments are considered variable consideration. Volume discounts are the largest component of variable 
consideration and are estimated using the most likely amount method prescribed by Accounting Standards 
Codification (“ASC”) 606, contracts terms and estimates of revenue. Revenues are recognized net of variable 
consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of revenues will not occur in subsequent 
periods. Payment terms vary and the time between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. There are 
no financing components to the Company’s arrangements. There are no incremental costs to obtain contracts and 
costs to fulfill contracts are expensed as incurred. The Company’s operations are primarily located in the United 
States. 

The Company recognizes most of its revenue on a gross basis when it acts as a principal in its transactions. The 
Company has direct contractual relationships with its customers, bears the risks and rewards of its arrangements, 
and has the discretion to select the contract professionals and establish the price for the services to be provided. 
Additionally, the Company retains control over its contract professionals based on its contractual arrangements. The 
Company primarily provides services through its employees and to a lesser extent, through subcontractors; the 
related costs are included in cost of sales. The Company includes billable expenses (out-of-pocket reimbursable 
expenses) in revenue and the associated expenses are included in cost of sales. 

(d)  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The Company considers short-term highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of 
purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were comprised of the following as of May 31, 2022 and 
2021: 

Cash in banks .....................  
Money market funds ...........  

2022 
--------- 
$  6,436,012 
54,146 
------------ 
$  6,490,158 
  ======= 

2021 
--------- 
$  7,317,517 
53,129 
------------ 
$  7,370,646 
  ======= 

Page 27 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

(e)  Marketable Securities 

The Company has characterized its investments in marketable securities, based on the priority of the inputs used to 
value the investments, into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to 
quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), and lowest priority to unobservable inputs   
(Level 3). If the inputs used to measure the investments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the 
categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. 

Investments recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are categorized based on the inputs to 
valuation techniques as follows: 

Level 1- These are investments where values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active 

market the Company has the ability to access. 

Level 2- These are investments where values are based on quoted market prices that are not active or model derived 

valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. 

Level 3- These are investments where values are derived from techniques in which one or more significant inputs 

are unobservable. 

The following are the major categories of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of May 31, 2022 and 
2021 using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 
2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): 

May 31, 2022 
----------------- 
Equity Securities ....................  

Level 1 
------------- 
 $ 
35,536 
   ======== 

Level 2 
------------- 
 $ 
- 
   ======== 

Level 3 
------------- 
$  
- 
   ======== 

Total 
------------- 
$  
35,536 
   ======== 

May 31, 2021 
----------------- 
Equity Securities ....................  

Level 1 
------------- 
 $ 
45,696 
   ======== 

Level 2 
------------- 
 $ 
- 
   ======== 

Level 3 
------------- 
$  
- 
   ======== 

Total 
------------- 
$  
45,696 
   ======== 

The Company’s equity securities are classified as trading securities, which are carried at fair value, as determined by 
quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input, as established by the fair value hierarchy. The related unrealized 
gains and losses are included in earnings. The Company’s marketable securities at May 31, 2022 and 2021 are 
summarized as follows: 

May 31, 2022 
----------------- 
Equity Securities ..............................................  

May 31, 2021 
----------------- 
Equity Securities ..............................................  

Gross 
Unrealized 
Holding 
Gains 
------------- 
$  18,670 
    ===== 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Holding 
Losses 
------------- 
$ 
- 
    ===== 

Recorded 
Value 
-------------- 
 $ 
35,536 
  ======== 

Amortized 
Cost 
-------------- 
 $ 
16,866 
  ======== 

16,866 
 $ 
  ======== 

$  28,830 
    ===== 

- 
$ 
    ===== 

45,696 
 $ 
  ======== 

(Continued) 

Page 28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

The Company’s investments in marketable securities consist primarily of investments in equity securities. Market 
values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. When evaluating the investments 
for other-than-temporary impairment, the Company reviews factors such as length of time and extent to which fair 
value has been below cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, and the Company’s ability and intent to hold 
the investment for a period of time, which may be sufficient for anticipated recovery in market values. 

(f)  Accounts Receivable and Credit Policies 

The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reduced by a valuation allowance that reflects management’s best 
estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. In addition to reviewing delinquent accounts receivable, 
management considers many factors in estimating its general allowance, including historical data, experience, 
customer types, creditworthiness and economic trends. From time to time, management may adjust its assumptions 
for anticipated changes in any of those or other factors expected to affect collectability. 

(g)  Depreciation and Amortization 

Depreciation and amortization of equipment and leasehold improvements has been computed using the straight-line 
method over the following useful lives: 

Equipment ......................................  3 years 
Furniture and fixtures .....................  3 years 
Automobiles ...................................  3 years 
Leasehold improvements ................  Lesser of lease term or useful life 

(h)  Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share 

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common 
stockholders of TSR by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period, 
excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021, the Company 
granted time and performance vesting stock awards under its 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (see Note 14 for further 
information). Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during 
the reporting period. The common stock equivalents associated with these stock awards of 73,573 in the fiscal year 
ended May 31, 2022 have been included for diluted shares outstanding for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022. The 
common stock equivalents associated with these stock awards of 78,901 in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 have 
not been included for diluted shares outstanding for the fiscal year May 31, 2021 since the effect would be anti-
dilutive due to the net loss incurred for the period.  

(i)  Income Taxes 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary 
differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities at enacted rates 
expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. The effect of enacted tax law or rate changes is 
reflected in income in the period of enactment. 

(j)  Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820-10”), defines fair value, establishes a 
framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America 
(“GAAP”) and provides for expanded disclosure about fair value measurements. ASC 820-10 applies to all other 
accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. 

The Company determines or calculates the fair value of financial instruments using quoted market prices in active 
markets when such information is available or using appropriate present value or other valuation techniques, such as 
discounted cash flow analyses, incorporating available market discount rate information for similar types of 
instruments while estimating for non-performance and liquidity risk. These techniques are significantly affected by 
the assumptions used, including the discount rate, credit spreads and estimates of future cash flows. 

Assets and liabilities typically recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis to which ASC 820-10 applies include: 

• non-financial assets and liabilities initially measured at fair value in an acquisition or business combination, and 
• long-lived assets measured at fair value due to an impairment assessment under ASC 360-10-15, Impairment or 
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. 

(Continued) 

Page 29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

This topic defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and establishes a three-level hierarchy, 
which encourages an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs 
when measuring fair value. ASC 820-10 requires that assets and liabilities recorded at fair value be classified and 
disclosed in one of the following three categories: 

• Level 1 - inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the 
Company has the ability to access. 
• Level 2 - inputs utilize other-than-quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs 
include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs such as interest rates and 
yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. 
• Level 3 - inputs are unobservable and are typically based on the Company’s own assumptions, including 
situations where there is little, if any, market activity. Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to 
determine the fair value of positions that are classified within the Level 3 classification. 

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In 
such cases, the Company classifies such financial assets or liabilities based on the lowest level input that is 
significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a 
particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the 
asset or liability. 

ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. For 
cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts and other payables, accrued liabilities and advances from 
customers, the amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements approximate fair value because of the 
short-term maturities of these instruments. 

(k)  Use of Estimates 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and 
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the 
reporting period. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, provisions for doubtful accounts receivable and 
assessments of the recoverability of the Company’s deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates. 

(l)  Long-Lived Assets 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances 
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected cash flows 
undiscounted and without interest is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized for 
the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. 

(m) Goodwill 

Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price paid for an acquisition exceeds the estimated fair value of the net 
identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is subject to impairment analysis at 
least once annually or more frequently upon the occurrence of an event or when circumstances indicate that the 
carrying amount of a unit is greater than its fair value. The annual test of goodwill was performed as of September 1, 
2021 and no impairment was found. There was no change in goodwill in fiscal 2022. 

(n)  Credit Risk 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash 
and cash equivalents, certificates of deposit, marketable securities and accounts receivable. The Company places its 
cash equivalents with high-credit quality financial institutions and brokerage houses. The Company has substantially 
all of its cash in four bank accounts. At times, such amounts may exceed federally insured limits. The Company 
holds its marketable securities in brokerage accounts. The Company has not experienced losses in any such 
accounts. As a percentage of revenue, the four largest customers consisted of 64.3% of the net accounts receivable 
balance at May 31, 2022. 

(Continued) 

Page 30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 

(2)  Income Taxes 

A reconciliation of the benefit for income taxes computed at the federal statutory rates of 21.0% for fiscal 2022 and 
fiscal 2021 to the reported amounts is as follows: 

Amounts at statutory federal tax rate ......  
PPP Loan Forgiveness ............................  
Noncontrolling interest ...........................  
State and local taxes, net of federal 

income tax effect. .....................  
Federal benefit of state NOL ..................  
Non-deductible expenses and other ........  

2022 

  Amount 
---------- 
  $ 1,470,000 
  ( 1,414,000) 
(15,000) 

12,000 
- 
(54,000) 
  ---------- 
(1,000) 
  ====== 

  $ 

% 
------ 
21.0% 
(20.2) 
(0.2) 

0.2 
            - 
(0.8) 
------ 
(0.0)% 

  ==== 

The components of the benefit for income taxes are as follows: 

                     2021 
  Amount 
---------- 
  $  (144,000) 
- 
(5,000) 

(23,000) 
50,000 
13,000 
  ---------- 
  $  (109,000) 
  ====== 

% 
------ 
(21.0)% 
(0.7) 
(0.7) 

(3.4) 
7.3 
1.9 
------ 
(15.9)% 

  ==== 

2022: 

Current .......................................  
Deferred .....................................  

2021: 

Current .......................................  
Deferred .....................................  

Federal 
----------- 
- 
$ 
(19,000) 
---------- 
$  (19,000) 
  ====== 

$ 

- 
(96,000) 
---------- 
$  (96,000) 
  ====== 

State 
----------- 
30,000 
(12,000) 
---------- 
18,000 
  ====== 

48,000 
(61,000) 
---------- 
(13,000) 
  ====== 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Total 
----------- 
30,000 
(31,000) 
  ----------- 
(1,000) 
  ====== 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

48,000 
  (157,000) 
---------- 
  $  (109,000) 
  ====== 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred income tax assets at 
May 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows: 

Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable ....................  
Accrued compensation and other accrued expenses .........  
Net operating loss carryforwards......................................  
Equipment and leasehold improvement 

depreciation and amortization .....................................  
Unrealized gain ................................................................  
Legal settlement with investor..........................................  
Non-cash stock compensation ..........................................  
Non-cash lease expense ....................................................  
Accumulated amortization ...............................................  
Other items, net ................................................................  

Total deferred income tax assets ...................  

2022 
------------ 
$  55,000 
43,000 
  508,000 

(40,000) 
(5,000) 
  180,000 
  111,000 
17,000 
90,000 
13,000 
------------- 
$  972,000 
  ======== 

2021 
------------ 
$  52,000 
26,000 
  421,000 

(32,000) 
(8,000) 
  275,000 
70,000 
36,000 
95,000 
6,000 
------------- 
$  941,000 
  ======== 

Page 31 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 

May 31, 2022 and 2021 

The Company believes that it is more likely than not that it will realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets based 
primarily on the Company’s history of and projections for taxable income in the future.  The federal net operating 
loss carryforwards may be used indefinitely, and the state carryforwards are generally usable for 20 years. 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties associated with tax matters as selling, general and administrative 
expenses and includes accrued interest and penalties with accrued and other liabilities in the consolidated balance 
sheets.   

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act 
provides numerous tax provisions and stimulus measures, including temporary changes regarding the prior and 
future utilization of net operating losses, temporary changes to the prior and future limitations on interest 
deductions, and technical corrections from prior tax legislation for tax depreciation of certain qualified improvement 
property. The Company has evaluated the provisions of the CARES Act relating to income taxes which resulted in 
the ability to carryback net operating losses and file for a federal tax refund of approximately $586,000, which was 
recorded in the May 31, 2020 consolidated balance sheet. The amount was subsequently collected in April 2021. 

The Company’s federal and state income tax returns prior to fiscal year 2019 are closed.  

(3)  Leases 

The Company leases the space for its three offices in New York City, Hauppauge and New Jersey. Under ASC 842, 
at contract inception we determine whether the contract is or contains a lease and whether the lease should be 
classified as an operating or finance lease. Operating leases are in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities in 
our consolidated balance sheets. 

The Company’s leases for its three offices are classified as operating leases.  

The lease agreements for New York City, Hauppauge and New Jersey expire on August 31, 2022, December 31, 
2023 and May 31, 2027, respectively, and do not include any renewal options. During the fiscal year ended May 31, 
2021, the Company extended its lease in Hauppauge, entered into a lease in a new location for its New Jersey office, 
and entered into a sublease agreement for the remainder of the lease in New York City. Due to the fact that the 
future sublease lease cash inflows will be less than the carrying value of the corresponding right-of-use asset, the 
Company recorded a right-of-use asset impairment charge of $136,599 in the quarter ended November 30, 2020.   

In addition to the monthly base amounts in the lease agreements, the Company is required to pay real estate taxes 
and operating expenses during the lease terms. 

For the fiscal years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s operating lease expense for these leases was 
$326,000 and $385,000, respectively. 

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of May 31, 2022 were as follows: 

Twelve Months Ended May 31, 
2023 .......................................................................  
2024 .......................................................................  
2025 .......................................................................  
2026 .......................................................................  
2027 .......................................................................  
Thereafter ..............................................................  

Total undiscounted operating lease payments .......  
Less imputed interest .............................................  

Present value of operating lease payments ............  

$   256,604 
179,035 
123,840 
126,936 
130,109 
- 
----------- 
 816,524 
109,156 
----------- 
$ 707,368 
====== 

Page 32 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 

May 31, 2022 and 2021 

The following table sets forth the right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities as of May 31, 2022: 

Assets 
Right-of-use assets ................................................  

Liabilities 
Current operating lease liabilities ..........................  
Long-term operating lease liabilities .....................  

Total operating lease liabilities..............................  

$   652,020 
====== 

$   214,941 
492,427 
----------- 
$   707,368 
====== 

The weighted average remaining lease term for the Company’s operating leases is 3.3 years. 

(4) Credit Facility 

On November 27, 2019, TSR closed on a revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) pursuant to a Loan and 
Security Agreement with Access Capital, Inc. (the “Lender”) that initially provided up to $7,000,000 in funding to 
TSR and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, TSR Consulting Services, Inc., Logixtech Solutions, LLC and Eurologix, 
S.A.R.L., each of which, together with TSR, is a borrower under the Credit Facility.  Each of the borrowers has 
provided a security interest to the Lender in all of their respective assets to secure amounts borrowed under the 
Credit Facility.   

TSR expects to utilize the Credit Facility for working capital and general corporate purposes. The maximum amount 
that may now be advanced under the Credit Facility at any time shall not exceed $2,000,000. 

Advances under the Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate  per annum equal to (x)  the “base rate” or “prime rate” 
announced by  Citibank,  N.A.  from  time  to  time,  which  shall  be  increased or decreased,  as  the  case  may be,  in  an 
amount equal to each increase or decrease in such “base rate” or “prime rate,” plus (y) 1.75%.  The prime rate as of 
May 31, 2022 was 4.00%, indicating an interest rate of 5.75% on the Credit Facility. The initial term of the Credit 
Facility is five years, which shall automatically renew for successive five-year periods unless either TSR or the Lender 
gives written notice to the other of termination at least 60 days prior to the expiration date of the then-current term. 

TSR is obliged to satisfy certain financial covenants and minimum borrowing requirements under the Credit Facility, 
and  to  pay  certain  fees,  including  prepayment  fees,  and  provide  certain  financial  information  to  the  Lender.  The 
Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants at May 31, 2022. 

As of May 31, 2022, the net borrowings outstanding against the Credit Facility were $62,000. The amount the Company 
has borrowed fluctuates and, at times, it has utilized the maximum amount of $2,000,000 available under the facility to 
fund its payroll and other obligations. 

(5)  Legal Settlement with Investor 

On April 1, 2020, the Company entered into a binding term sheet (“Term Sheet”) with Zeff Capital, L.P. (“Zeff”) 
pursuant to which it agreed to pay Zeff an amount of $900,000 over a period of three years in cash or cash and stock 
in settlement of expenses incurred by Zeff during its solicitations in 2018 and 2019 in connection with the annual 
meetings of the Company, the costs incurred in connection with the litigation initiated by and against the Company 
as well as negotiation, execution and enforcement of the Settlement and Release Agreement, dated as of August 30, 
2019, by and between the Company, Zeff and certain other parties. In exchange for certain releases, the Term Sheet 
calls for a cash payment of $300,000 on June 30, 2021, a second cash payment of $300,000 on June 30, 2022 and a 
third payment of $300,000 also on June 30, 2022, which can be paid in cash or common stock at the Company’s 
option.  There is no interest due on these payments. The $300,000 payment due on June 30, 2021 was paid when 
due. The agreement also has protections to defer such payment dates so that the debt covenants with the Company’s 
Lender are not breached. On August 13, 2020, the Company, Zeff, Zeff Holding Company, LLC and Daniel Zeff  

Page 33 

(Continued)  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 
May 31, 2022 and 2021  

entered into a settlement agreement to reflect these terms. Any installment payment which is deferred as permitted 
above will accrue interest at the prime rate plus 3.75%, and Zeff shall thereby have the option to convert such 
deferred amounts (plus accrued interest if any) into shares of the Company’s stock. The Company accrued $818,000, 
the estimated present value of these payments using an effective interest rate of 5%, in the quarter ended February 
29, 2020, as the events relating to the expense occurred prior to such date.  The two cash payments of $300,000 each 
were made by June 30,2022 in full satisfaction of the settlement. 

(6)  Other Matters 

From time to time, the Company is party to various lawsuits, some involving material amounts. Management is not 
aware of any lawsuits that would have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position of the 
Company except for the litigation disclosed elsewhere in the report, including Notes 5, 7, 12 and 15 to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

(7)  Termination of Former CEO 

The Company terminated Christopher Hughes, the former Chief Executive Officer of the Company (“Hughes”), 
effective February 29, 2020. Hughes filed a complaint against the Company in the Supreme Court of the State of 
New York in March 2020 alleging two causes of action: (1) breach of his employment contract; and (2) breach of 
the duty of good faith and fair dealing. Hughes alleged that he was terminated without cause or in the alternative that 
he resigned for good reason and therefore, pursuant to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated 
August 9, 2018, between the Company and Hughes, Hughes sought severance pay in the amount of $1,000,000 and 
reasonable costs and attorney’s fees. The Company denied Hughes’ allegations and filed various counterclaims 
against Hughes.  

In October 2021, the Company and Hughes agreed through mediation to settle this matter. In order to avoid lengthy 
and costly litigation and discovery expenses, the Company has paid Hughes $705,000 to settle all claims. After 
adjusting for insurance reimbursement, the Company accrued a charge of $580,000 to selling, general and 
administrative expenses in the quarter ended August 31, 2021 and the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022. 

(8)  COVID-19 

The COVID-19 outbreak in the United States has caused business disruption, including through mandated and 
voluntary closing of various businesses. While the disruption is currently expected to be temporary, there is 
considerable uncertainty around the impact of the pandemic on our business. Therefore, the Company expects this 
matter to continue to negatively impact its operating results in future periods. However, the full financial impact and 
duration cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.  

(9)  Payroll Protection Program Loan 

On April 15, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds of $6,659,220 under the Paycheck Protection Program (the 
“PPP Loan”). The Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) was established under the congressionally-approved 
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and is administered by the U.S. Small 
Business Administration (“SBA”). The PPP Loan to the Company was made through JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 
a national banking association. 

In March 2021, the Company submitted a PPP Loan Forgiveness application to the SBA through the PPP Lender. 
On July 7, 2021, the Company received notification from the PPP Lender that the SBA approved the Company’s 
application for forgiveness of the entire principal amount of the PPP Loan plus accrued interest. The PPP Lender 
will apply the forgiveness amount to satisfy the PPP Loan. The Company has no further obligations with respect to 
the PPP Loan. The Company recognized “Other Income” of $6,735,246 in the quarter ended August 31, 2021 and 
fiscal year ended May 31, 2022 related to the forgiveness of the loan principal and accrued interest.  

Page 34 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 

May 31, 2022 and 2021 

(10) Geneva Consulting Group Acquisition 

On September 1, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Geneva Consulting 
Group, Inc., a New York corporation (“Geneva”) and provider of temporary and permanent information technology 
personnel based in Port Washington, New York. The stock of Geneva was purchased from the three shareholders of 
Geneva (the “Sellers”), none of which had, or will have following the acquisition, a material relationship with the 
Company or its affiliates.  

The purchase price for the shares of Geneva was comprised of the following: (i) $1,452,000 in cash paid to Sellers at 
the closing of the acquisition, (ii) an amount of $748,000, which was equal to the amount of Geneva’s loan under the 
PPP that was not assumed by the Company and was substantially forgiven by the SBA, (iii) an amount up to 
$300,000 originally payable as an earnout payment in part in February 2021 and in part in August 2021 (the 
“Earnout Payments”), (iv) bonus payments payable in $10,000 increments,  (v) $747,000 for the net working capital 
of Geneva as of closing and (vi) other purchase price adjustments of $36,000. Any Earnout Payments and bonus 
payments were to be determined based upon the achievement of certain criteria relating to the number the 
Company’s contractors working full-time at the Company’s client locations on such dates. 

The initial Earnout Payments and bonus payment liability was valued at its fair value using an option pricing based 
approach with a risk-neutral framework using Black Scholes due to the option-like nature of the earnout payment 
structure (Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy). The Earnout Payments were revalued quarterly prior to the resolution 
discussed below, using a present value approach and any resulting increase or decrease was recorded into selling, 
general and administrative expenses. Any changes in the amount of the actual results and forecasted scenarios could 
impact the fair value. Significant judgment was employed in determining the appropriateness of the assumptions 
used in calculating the fair value of the Earnout Payments as of the acquisition date and subsequent period-ends. 

On March 17, 2021, the Company entered into an agreement with the Sellers’ representatives pursuant to which the 
parties agreed to settle certain interpretive differences regarding the Sellers’ entitlement to the bonus payments 
described above. Pursuant to this agreement, and in full satisfaction of the Company’s obligations for deferred 
payments under the purchase agreement for the Geneva acquisition, the Sellers’ representative acknowledged receipt 
of the first Earnout Payment in the amount of $100,000, the parties agreed that the Company would make aggregate 
bonus payments to the Sellers’ representatives in the amount of $260,000, and the Company agreed to instruct the 
escrow agent to release to the Sellers’ representatives the second Earnout Payment in the amount of $200,000. All 
amounts relating to the Earnout Payments and bonus payments that had not been paid as of the date of the agreement 
were either paid by the Company or released by the escrow agent on March 18, 2021. This agreement resulted in a 
charge to selling, general and administrative expenses of $210,000 in the quarter ended February 28, 2021. No 
further earnout or bonus amounts can be earned or will be paid subsequent to March 18, 2021. 

The acquisition was accounted for as an acquisition of a business in accordance with the acquisition method of 
accounting. The acquired assets and assumed liabilities were recorded at their fair values. The Company determined 
the fair values with the assistance of valuations performed by an independent third-party specialist.  

The Company incurred approximately $498,000 in legal fees, business broker fees, valuation services, accounting   
fees and other expenses to complete the Geneva acquisition. Included in this amount is additional bonus payments to 
the Sellers of $210,000 related to the March 17, 2021 agreement discussed above. All acquisition related costs have 
been expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the fiscal year ended 
May 31, 2021. 

Page 35 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 

May 31, 2022 and 2021 

The following table summarizes the components of the purchase price at fair values at September 1, 2020: 

Cash consideration paid                                $ 2,983,264 
Estimated earnout and other liabilities                358,796 
                                                                          -------------------- 
Total purchase price                                      $ 3,342,060 
                                                                                                              ============= 

The following table summarizes the allocation of purchase price at estimated fair values at September 1, 2020: 

Cash ...............................................................  
Accounts receivable.......................................  
Prepaid expenses ...........................................  
Intangible assets (see Note 11) ......................  
Goodwill ........................................................  
Accrued expenses ..........................................  

 $ 241,946 
  778,930 
5,249 
 1,800,000 
  785,883 
  (269,948) 
-------------------- 
Net assets .......................................................   $ 3,342,060 
============ 

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined operating results of the Company 
and Geneva as if the acquisition had occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. Pro forma data is 
subject to various assumptions and estimates and is presented for informational purposes only. This pro forma data 
does not purport to represent or be indicative of the consolidated operating results that would have been reported had 
the transaction been completed as described herein, and the data should not be taken as indicative of future operating 
results. 

Unaudited pro forma financial information assuming the acquisition of Geneva as of June 1, 2020 is presented in the 
following table (in thousands): 

Fiscal Year Ended 
May 31, 
2021 
--------- 
Revenue .................................$ 70,258 
===== 
(756) 
===== 
Earnings loss per share ..........$  (0.39) 
===== 

Net loss ..................................$ 

(11) Intangible Assets 

The Company amortizes its intangible assets over their estimated useful lives and will review these assets for 
impairment when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an 
asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amounts to the 
future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If intangible assets are considered to be impaired, 
the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair market 
value.  

Page 36 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 

May 31, 2022 and 2021 

Intangible assets are as follows: 

May 31, 
2021 
--------------- 
Database (estimated life 5 years) .............................   $  195,500 
6,250 
Non-compete agreement (estimated life 2 years) ....  
45,000 
Trademark (estimated life 3 years) ..........................  
1,425,000  
Customer relationships (estimated life 15 years) .....  
--------------- 
  $1,671,750 

Amortization 
--------------- 
  $  46,000 
5,000 
20,000 
    100,000 
--------------- 
  $ 171,000 
========  ======== 

Total 

May 31, 
2022 
--------------- 
$  149,500 
1,250 
25,000 
    1,325,000 
--------------- 
$  1,500,750 
======== 

No instances of triggering events or impairment indicators were identified at May 31, 2022 or 2021. 

(12) Related Party Transactions 

  On January 5, 2021, the members of the Board of Directors of the Company other than Robert Fitzgerald approved 
providing a waiver to QAR Industries, Inc. for its contemplated acquisition of shares owned by Fintech Consulting 
LLC under the Company’s then existing rights agreement (which covered a now non-existent class of Class A 
preferred stock) so that a distribution date would not occur under such agreement as a result of the acquisition.  QAR 
Industries, Inc. and Fintech Consulting LLC were both principal stockholders of the Company, each owning more 
than 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock prior to the consummation of the acquisition. Robert 
Fitzgerald is the President and majority shareholder of QAR Industries, Inc. The other directors of the Company are 
not affiliated with QAR Industries, Inc. 

On February 3, 2021, the transaction was completed and QAR Industries, Inc. purchased 348,414 shares of TSR’s 
common stock from Fintech Consulting LLC at a price of $7.25 per share.  At the same time, Bradley M. Tirpak, 
Chairman of TSR,  purchased 27,586 shares of TSR’s common stock from Fintech Consulting LLC at a price of 
$7.25 per share. The foregoing transaction is currently the subject of litigation due to a complaint filed by Fintech 
Consulting LLC on December 1, 2021. For more information about the foregoing complaint and litigation, please 
see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the 
SEC on December 21, 2021. 

The Company has provided placement services for an entity in which a Board of Director of the Company is the 
CEO. Revenues for such services in fiscal 2022 were approximately $59,000. There were no amounts outstanding as 
accounts receivable from this entity as of May 31.2022.  

(13) Common Stock 

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, authorizes the issuance of up  to 12,500,000 shares of common stock, 
$0.01 par value per share. 

On October 8, 2021, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-260152) 
(the “2021 TSRI Shelf”) which contains (i) a base prospectus, which covers the offering, issuance and sale by the 
Company of up to $5,000,000 in the aggregate of shares of common stock from time to time in one or more 
offerings; and (ii) a sales agreement prospectus, which covers the offering, issuance and sale by the Company of up 
to $4,167,000 in the aggregate of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under an at-
the-market sales agreement (the “2021 ATM”) by and between the Company and A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as 
sales agent (the  “2021 Agent”). The $4,167,000 of common stock that may be offered, issued and sold under the 
sales agreement prospectus is included in the $5,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be offered, issued and 
sold by the Company under the base prospectus. Upon termination of the sales agreement, any portion of the 
$4,167,000 included in the sales agreement prospectus that is not sold pursuant to the sales agreement will be 
available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus and if no shares are sold under the agreement, the 
full $4,167,000 of securities may be sold in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus. Under the 2021 ATM, 
we pay the 2021 Agent a commission rate equal to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share of all shares sold through 
the 2021 Agent under the sales agreement. 

Page 37 

(Continued) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued 

May 31, 2022 and 2021 

During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2022, we sold an aggregate of 142,500 shares of common stock pursuant to the 
2021 ATM for total gross proceeds of $1,965,623 at an average selling price of $13.79 per share, resulting in net 
proceeds of $1,783,798 after deducting $181,825 in commissions and other transactions costs. 

The 2021 TSRI Shelf is currently our only active shelf-registration statement. We may offer TSR common stock 
registered under the 2021 TSRI Shelf from time to time in response to market conditions or other circumstances if we 
believe such a plan of financing is in the best interests of our stockholders. We believe that the 2021 TSRI Shelf 
provides us with the flexibility to raise additional capital to finance our operations as needed. However, there is no 
assurance we will be successful in doing so. 

(14) Stock-based Compensation Expense 

On January 28, 2021, the Company granted 108,333 shares in time vesting restricted stock awards and 69,167 shares 
in time and performance vesting restricted stock awards to officers, directors and key employees under the TSR, Inc. 
2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).   The time vesting shares vest in tranches at the one, two and three-year 
anniversaries of the grants (“service condition”). These shares had a grant date fair value of $826,000 based on the 
closing price of TSR’s common stock on the day prior to the grants. The associated compensation expense is 
recognized on a straight-line basis over the time between grant date and the date the shares vest (the “service 
period”). The time and performance vesting shares also vest in tranches at or after the two- and three-year 
anniversaries of the grants. The performance condition is defined in the grant agreements and relates to the market 
price of the Company’s common stock over a stated period of time (“market condition”). These shares had a grant 
date value of $262,000 based on the closing price of TSR common shares on the day prior to the grants discounted 
by an estimated forfeiture rate of 40-60%. The Company took into account the historical volatility of its common 
stock to assess the probability of satisfying the market condition. The associated compensation expense is recognized 
on a straight-line basis between the time the achievement of the performance criteria is deemed probable and the 
time the shares may vest. The market condition for the shares that vest on the two-year anniversary was met in 
October 2021. During the fiscal years ended May 31, 2022 and 2021, $565,000 and $236,000, respectively, has been 
record as stock-based compensation expense and included in selling, general and administrative expenses. As of May 
31, 2022, there is approximately $287,000 of unearned compensation expense that will be expensed through 
February 2024; 142,666 stock awards expected to vest; 56,666 awards vested to date, of which 14,780 were forfeited 
to pay taxes applicable to the stock awards.     

(15) Pending Legal Issue 

On December 1, 2021, Fintech Consulting LLC filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District 
Court for the District of New Jersey. The named Defendants in the complaint are the Company, QAR Industries, 
Inc., a shareholder of TSR (“QAR”), Robert E. Fitzgerald, a director and shareholder of TSR and the President, 
director and a shareholder of QAR (“Fitzgerald”), and Bradley Tirpak, a shareholder and the chairman of the board 
of directors of TSR (“Tirpak”). The complaint purports to assert claims against the Defendants under state law and 
Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act in connection with a Share Purchase Agreement, dated January 31, 2021, by and 
between the Plaintiff, as the seller of shares of TSR's common stock, and QAR and Tirpak, as the purchasers of such 
shares (the “SPA”). The plaintiff seeks (i) judgment declaring the transactions represented by the SPA null and 
avoid and returning the shares; (ii) judgment cancelling the SPA and returning the shares in exchange for return of 
the purchase price; (iii) judgement unwinding the transaction; (iv) compensatory damages; (v) punitive damages; 
(vi) pre-judgment interest; (vii) costs of suit including attorneys’ fees; and (viii) such other relief as the Court may 
find appropriate. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this report and the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 21, 2021 for more information.  

The Company believes the action described above to be without merit and intends to vigorously defend its interests. 
However, the Company may incur significant additional legal expenses as it pursues a vigorous defense against this 
action. 

While the Company believes the action to be without merit, no assurances can be given as to: (i) the outcome of this 
or other legal proceedings and (ii) the related impact of an unanticipated adverse outcome of these proceedings on 
the Company's financial condition, results of operations or near-term liquidity. 

Page 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 
              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
None 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures 
                 ------------------------------ 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  The Company conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the 
participation of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the Company’s disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial 
officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and 
procedures are effective. 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the Company’s 
most recently reported completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially 
affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  The Company’s management is responsible 
for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 
15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, 
including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the 
effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established in the framework in Internal 
Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s management concluded that its internal control over financial 
reporting was effective as of May 31, 2022.   

Internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations. Therefore, internal 
control over financial reporting determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to 
financial statement preparation and may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Moreover, projections of any 
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of 
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting 
firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the 
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report. 

Item 9B.  Other Information 
                ---------------------- 
As previously disclosed, on April 1, 2020, the Company entered into a binding term sheet (“Term Sheet”) with Zeff 
Capital, L.P. (“Zeff”) pursuant to which it agreed to pay Zeff an amount of $900,000 over a period of three years in 
cash or cash and stock in settlement of expenses incurred by Zeff during its solicitations in 2018 and 2019 in 
connection with the annual meetings of the Company, the costs incurred in connection with the litigation initiated by 
and against the Company as well as negotiation, execution and enforcement of the Settlement and Release 
Agreement, dated as of August 30, 2019, by and between the Company, Zeff and certain other parties. In exchange 
for certain mutual releases, the Term Sheet calls for a cash payment of $300,000 on June 30, 2021, a second cash 
payment of $300,000 on June 30, 2022 and a third payment of $300,00 also on June 30, 2022, which can be paid in 
cash or common stock at the Company’s option.  There is no interest due on these payments. The agreement also has 
protections to defer such payment dates so that the debt covenants with the Company’s lender are not breached.  On 
August 13, 2020, the Company, Zeff, Zeff Holding Company, LLC and Daniel Zeff entered into a settlement 
agreement to reflect these terms.  Any installment payment which is deferred as permitted above will accrue interest 
at the prime rate plus 3.75%, and Zeff shall thereby have the option to convert such deferred amounts (plus accrued 
interest if any) into shares of the Company’s common stock. The foregoing descriptions do not purport to be 
complete and are qualified in their entirety by the full text of the agreement, which was attached to the Annual 
Report for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2020 as Exhibit 10.6 and incorporated herein by reference. The two cash 
payments of $300,000 each were made by June 30,2022 in full satisfaction of the settlement. 

Page 39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Part III 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
               --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
The information required by this Item 10 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement in 
connection with the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation 
               ------------------------------- 
The information required by this Item 11 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement in 
connection with the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 
               -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
The information required by this Item 12 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement in 
connection with the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
               -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
The information required by this Item 13 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement in 
connection with the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services 
               ------------------------------------------------ 
The information required by this Item 14 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement in 
connection with the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Part IV 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 
               ----------------------------------------------------- 
(a)  The following documents are filed as part of this report: 

1. The consolidated financial statements as indicated in the index set forth on page 20. 

Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted, since they are either not applicable, not required or the 
information is included elsewhere herein. 

2. Exhibits as listed in Exhibit Index on page 42. 

Page 40                                                                

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Signatures 
------------- 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the Undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

TSR, INC. 

By: /s/ Thomas Salerno 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- 
Thomas Salerno, Chief Executive Officer, President, Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer 

Dated:  August 15, 2022 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

/s/ Thomas Salerno 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 Thomas Salerno, Chief Executive Officer, President, Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer 

/s/ John G. Sharkey 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
 John G. Sharkey, Sr. Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting 
Officer 

/s/ Bradley M. Tirpak 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
 Bradley M. Tirpak, Chairman of the Board of Directors 

/s/ H. Timothy Eriksen 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
 H. Timothy Eriksen, Director 

/s/ Robert Fitzgerald 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
 Robert Fitzgerald, Director 

Dated:  August 15, 2022 

Page 41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
EXHIBIT INDEX 
FORM 10-K, MAY 31, 2022 

Exhibit 

Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31,2021 filed by the Company on August 23, 2021. 

Certificate of Elimination of Class A Preferred Stock, Series One of TSR, Inc., as filed with the 
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on April 1, 2021, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on April 1, 2021. 

Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2020 filed by the Company on August 
17, 2020. 

 Description of Registered Securities, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 10-K for 
the year ended May 31,2021 filed by the Company om August 23.2021, 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated as of November 2, 2020 between the 
Company and John G. Sharkey, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed by the Company on November 6, 2020. 

Employment Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2020 between the Company and Thomas 
Salerno, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-k filed by the 
Company on November 6, 2020. 

Loan and Security Agreement dated as of November 27, 2019 among Access Capital, Inc., TSR, 
Inc., TSR Consulting Services, Inc., Logixtech Solutions, LLC and Eurologix S.A.R.L., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the 
Company on December 2, 2019. 

Term Sheet, dated as of April 1, 2020, by and between Zeff Capital, L.P. and the Company, 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the 
Company on April 6, 2020.   

Agreement dated August 13, 2020, by and among the Company, Zeff Capital, L.P., Zeff Holding 
Company, LLC and Daniel Zeff, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2020 filed by the Company on August 17, 2020. 

Form of Restricted Stock Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement, incorporated by 
reference to our current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2021 as Exhibit 
10.1. 

TSR, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to our current report on Form S-8 
filed with the SEC on December 18, 2020 as Exhibit 4.6.  

Confidential Settlement Agreement and General Release, dated October 1, 2021 by and between 
Christopher Hughes and TSR, Inc., incorporated by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-
Q for the quarter ended November 30, 2021 filed with the SEC on January 10, 2022 as Exhibit 
10.1.  

Sales Agreement, dated October 8, 2021 by and between TSR, Inc. and A.G.P,/ Alliance Global 
Partners, incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on 
October 8, 2021 as Exhibit 1.1.  

Exhibit 
Number 
--------- 
3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

4.1 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.5 

10.6 

10.7 

10.8 

10.9 

21 

List of Subsidiaries. 

23.1 

Consent of CohnReznick LLP, Independent Registered Accounting Firm 

Page 42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
TSR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
EXHIBIT INDEX (continued) 
FORM 10-K, MAY 31, 2022 

Exhibit 

Certification by Thomas Salerno Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a). 

Exhibit 
Number 
--------- 
31.1 

31.2 

Certification by John G. Sharkey Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a). 

32.1 

32.2 

99.1 

101 

Certification of Thomas Salerno Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

Certification of John G. Sharkey Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

Stipulation and Agreement of Settlement, dated as of December 16, 2019, incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 
17, 2019. 

XBRL (extensible Business Reporting Language). The following materials from the Company’s 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2022 formatted in XBRL: (i) the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit), (iv) the Consolidated Statements of 
Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Page 43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS 

400 Oser Avenue 
Suite 150 
Hauppauge, NY 11788
631-231-0333 

TRANSFER AGENT 

Continental Stock Transfer
1 State Street Plaza 
30th Floor 
New York, NY 10004 
212-509-4000 

SUBSIDIARIES 

AUDITORS 

TSR Consulting 
Services, Inc. 

Logixtech Solutions LLC 

Geneva Consulting 
Group, Inc. 

CohnReznick LLP 
1305 Walt Whitman Road
Suite 210
Melville, NY 11747

COUNSEL 
Squire Patton Boggs LLP 
1211 Avenue of the Americas
26th Floor 
New York, NY 10036 

DIRECTORS 

Bradley M. Tirpak 
Chairman of the Board
CEO Liberated
Syndication, Inc. 

Tim Eriksen 
Director 
Eriksen Capital 
Management LLC 

Robert E. Fitzgerald 
Director 
QAR Industries LLC 

OFFICERS 

Thomas C. Salerno 
Chief Executive Officer,
President and Treasurer 

John G. Sharkey 
Senior Vice President, 
Chief Financial Officer 
and Secretary 

Copies of the Company’s Form 10-K are available, without charge, to stockholders upon written request to:
John G. Sharkey, Sr. Vice President, TSR, Inc., 400 Oser Avenue, Suite 150, Hauppauge, NY 11788