Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Packaged Foods / UkrProduct

UkrProduct

ukr · LSE Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker ukr
Exchange LSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Packaged Foods
Employees 501-1000
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FY2015 Annual Report · UkrProduct
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TABLE OF 
CONTENTS

Chairman and Chief  
Executive Statement 

The Board of Directors

Remuneration  
Committee Report

Corporate Governance  
Report

Corporate Social  
Responsibility Report

Directors’ Report

Statement of Directors’  
Responsibility

Independent  
Auditors’ Report

3
7
11
15
19
23
27
29

Consolidated
income statement

Consolidated statement  
of comprehensive income

Consolidated statement  
of financial position

Consolidated statement  
of cash flows

Consolidated statement  
of changes in equity

Notes to the consolidated  
financial statements

Corporate advisers

Shareholder Information

33
33
36
38
42
44
111
113

2

Annual Report 2015

CHAIRMAN AND 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE 
STATEMENT

Annual Report 2015

3

During 2015 Ukrproduct faced significant headwinds. The Ukrainian economy was under pres-
sure accentuated by the smoking conflict in the East of the country and the weakening of the 
Ukrainian economy overall. This is reflected in the devaluation of the local currency — hryvna, 
deterioration of consumer confidence and geographic contraction of the available market. Fur-
thermore the complete closure of the Russian market caused the oversupply of dairy products 
on the Ukrainian market and further intensified local competition.

The Company sought to defy the increasing 

challenges of the business environment by 
revising the regional sales focus, enhancing its 

sales and operating efficiency as well as adjusting 
the sales mix in view of changing consumer prefer-
ences. This programme was designed to resist pres-
sure on profit margins and overall to create cash. 
It has been implemented in consultation with the 
European Bank of Reconstruction and Development.

In dairy domestic market demand shrunk across the 
Company’s key product categories leading to fierce 
competition. At the same time, average raw milk prices 
showed a year-on-year increase of circa 16 % prompted 
by stronger competition for supply on the back of even 
higher price increases for imported dairy ingredients.

BRANDED DAIRY  
PRODUCTS

Volumes fell overall given focus on reliable custom-
ers only, lack of business in the East and desperate 
competition. Turnover reduced by 1% compared with 
2014. Butter gained marginally as consumers moved 
from Spreads that contracted. Processed cheese in 
particular suffered a decline given the competition, 
as did hard cheese which was impacted by the ban 
on Ukrainian exports to Russia. 

4

Annual Report 2015

On a positive note the devaluing hryvnia provided 
Ukrproduct group with an opportunity to increase its 
export volumes across the range of its dairy prod-
ucts. This helped to mitigate the pressures of the 
domestic market 

However, overall gross profits faced a significant 
decline. Wages in real terms fell making it difficult 
to increase consumer prices in order to fully offset 
the sharp rise in input costs namely energy and dairy 
ingredients, not least raw milk. As a result, gross 
profit of branded dairy products decreased by 41% 
in hryvna terms mostly owing to the packaged butter 
and processed cheese categories.

BEVERAGES. KVASS.

The sales of kvass showed only a 1% decrease in 
2015 in sales denominated in Ukrainian Hryvna com-
pared to the same period last year due to the strict 
control over debtors.

FINANCES

Total revenues for the year decreased by 36.8% 
to £20.158m (2014: £31.876m). In local currency 
terms, Hryvna revenues overall grew by 8%. 

Gross profit margins fell to 11.48% (2014: 20.24%) 
and despite a significant 30.5% reduction in op-
erating expenses to £3.66m, we are reporting an 
operating loss of £1.346m (2014: operating profit 
£1.185m). This was accentuated by negative ex-
change rate differences amounting to £1.733m 
(2014: charge £3.857m) resulting in a loss before 
taxation for the year of £3.847m (2014: £3.433m). 

from 2018 to 2024 and an additional grace period for 
2016. The Board believes that these terms provide 
confidence and are favourable for the Group dis-
charging immediate pressure on cash flows whilst 
ensuring that the loan will be repaid in full over a 
longer period of time. The Group has finalised doc-
umentation on restructuring of the loan with EBRD 
and signed the revised Loan Agreement.

Exports at £3.872m accounted for approximately 
19.2% (2014: 17.5%) of sales, with domestic sales 
broken down between regional distributors, national 
retail chains and wholesale suppliers to other pro-
ducers (such as Danone and Mondelez).

CASH

Balances of cash at 31 December 2015 stood at 
£0.093m (2014: £0.215m).There has been a focus 
to reduce overdue receivables in order to improve 
cash generation and to decrease financial costs. New 
operating procedures and incentives have been in-
troduced across the sales and marketing and finance 
function resulting in average cash collection period 
falling from 45 to 39 days, thus releasing cash for 
operations. The Group’s cash levels are sufficient to 
meet current debt interest obligations in the short 
and medium term.

As the cost of EBRD euro denominated loan was 
inflated by the devaluation of hryvnya, the bank 
undertook a thorough business review as a part of 
the loan restructuring negotiations. That resulted in 
the agreement with EBRD to restructure the terms 
including extension of the maturity date of the loan 

The revaluation of assets added £0.9m to the Balance 
Sheet as at 31st December 2015.

TRADING OUTLOOK

The Company is adapting to this most challenging 
business environment and is working to restore prof-
itability according to its improvement programme. 
Sales and marketing activities are concentrated on 
the non-occupied regions of Ukraine and ex-Soviet 
countries with a major focus on cash generation 
instead of revenue. Productivity improvements and 
cost efficiencies were introduced in warehousing and 
marketing as well as delivery of material optimization 
of Zhitomir subsidiary overheads with more to come. 
In this volatile trading environment working capital is 
subject to everyday close control to generate more 
cash as a result of all these initiatives.

In 2015 the Company introduced new beverages — a 
rosehip-based product and Uzvar — Ukrainian tradi-
tional drink brewed from dried fruits. Like kvass new 
products are positioned as natural drinks for active 
people practicing a healthy lifestyle. Natural-based 
beverages are traditionally popular in Ukraine and 
the Company expects growth in new beverage sales.

Jack Rowell 
Chairman 

Alexander Slipchuk 
Chief Executive Officer

Annual Report 2015

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6

Annual Report 2015

THE BOARD  
OF DIRECTORS

Annual Report 2015

7

As of the date of the approval of the 2015 Annual Report, the Board members are as follows:

Name 

Jack Rowell 

Sergey Evlanchik 

Alexander Slipchuk 

Yuriy Hordiychuk 

Position 

Non-executive Chairman 

Executive Officer 

Chief Executive Director 

Chief Operational Officer 

Date appointed

November 2004

April 2008

November 2004

January 2013

All directors were re-elected at Annual General Meeting (AGM) on 24 July 2015.

JACK ROWELL 

NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN

Dr. Rowell has acted as Chairman of a number of companies in the public and 
private sector, mainly within the food production industry. He was previously an 
executive director on the board of Dalgety plc responsible for the consumer foods 
division. Jack also served as Chairman of Celsis plc. He has also been Manager of 
Bath Rugby, then the Champions of England and the English national team. Prior to 
this, Dr. Rowell was CEO of Golden Wonder Ltd. and Lucas Food Ingredients (also 
part of the Dalgety Food Group). He was educated at Oxford University and is a 
Chartered Accountant.

ALEXANDER SLIPCHUK 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Alexander Slipchuk is responsible for the Group’s overall performance and strategy 
implementation and is a founder of Ukrproduct Group. He studied at Far-Eastern High 
Engineering Marine School in Russia and graduated as a maritime navigator in 1989. 
Together with Sergey Evlanchik, Alexander established the securities house Alfa-Broker 
in 1994, developed the equity trading business in the far east of the Russian Federa-
tion, and acquired initial stakes in the companies that later became part of Ukrproduct 
Group. Later in 1998, Alexander took on the executive positions at the Molochnik and 
the Starakonstantinovskiy Dairy plants, Ukrproduct’s two main operating assets. 

8

Annual Report 2015

SERGEY EVLANCHIK 

EXECUTIVE OFFICER

Sergey Evlanchik studied at Vladivostok State University of Economics & Service 
in the Russian Federation and at Oxford University in the UK, where he received his 
MBA degree. Together with Alexander Slipchuk, he established the equity trading 
group, Alfa-Broker in 1994 in the Far East of the Russian Federation. After the recess 
of the Russian and Ukrainian equity markets in 1998, Mr Evlanchik refocused his ac-
tivities on business development in the industrial sector of Ukraine, particularly with-
in the dairy industry, where he joined the companies that would subsequently form 
Ukrproduct Group in 2004. Sergey then led the Group to its successful listing on the 
AIM market of the London Stock Exchange in 2005. In 2011 under the leadership of 
Sergey Evlanchik the Group secured debt finance with EBRD focused on energy and 
production efficiency upgrade of the existing production facilities.

YURIY HORDIYCHUK  

CHIEF OPERATIONAL OFFICER

Yuri Hordiychuk has been with the Group since 2002. Firstly, he was Director of the 
Provision of Raw Materials at the company, and in 2005 was promoted to Director of 
Production. The next significant step in the career of Mr. Hordiychuk was taken in 2008, 
when he was promoted to General Director of the Company. Yuri has more than ten 
years of experience of administrative activity and a degree in “Production Organization 
Management”. In 2006, Mr. Hordiychuk graduated with MBA from the School of Eco-
nomics (Russia) and earned a degree in “Logistics and Supply Chains Management”.

Annual Report 2015

9

10

Annual Report 2015

REMUNERATION 
COMMITTEE 
REPORT

Annual Report 2015

11

This report is prepared by the Remuneration Committee of the Board 
and sets out the Group’s policy on the remuneration of the Directors, 
with a description of service agreements and remuneration packages 
for each Director.

REMUNERATION 
COMMITTEE

The Remuneration Committee comprises one non-ex-
ecutive Director, Jack Rowell. This Committee is 
scheduled to meet at least twice per annum to advise 
the Board on the Group’s remuneration strategy and to 
determine the terms of employment and total remuner-
ation of the respective Executive Directors of the Group 
and of its subsidiary companies, including the granting 
of share options. Among others, the objective of this 
Committee is to attract, retain and motivate Execu-
tives capable of delivering the Group’s objectives. The 
Remuneration Committee is also responsible for the 
evaluation of the performance of Executive Directors.

The Remuneration Committee held two meetings 
during 2015.

REMUNERATION POLICY

The Group’s remuneration policy is to provide remu-
neration packages which:

• 

are designed to attract, motivate and retain high 
calibre Executives;

• 

• 

• 

• 

are competitive and in line with comparable 
businesses;

are rooted in practices exercised in countries 
where the Group operates;

intend to align the interests of the Executives 
with those of the shareholders by means of fixed 
and performance related remuneration; and

set challenging performance targets and moti-
vate Executives to achieve those targets both in 
the short and long-term.

BASE SALARY

The Committee on an annual basis reviews base 
salaries of the respective Executive Directors of the 
company and its subsidiaries, taking into account 
job responsibilities, competitive market rates and the 
performance of the Executive concerned. Considera-
tion is also given to the cost of living and the Direc-
tor’s professional experience. While determining the 
base salaries, the Committee also considers general 
aspects of the employment terms and conditions of 
employees elsewhere in the Group.

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Annual Report 2015

INCENTIVE BONUS 
PLANS AND EQUITY 
ARRANGEMENTS

The Committee plans to introduce long-term equity 
incentive arrangements to make the overall Executive 
Remuneration structure more performance-related, 
more competitive and aligned with shareholders’ 
interests subject to an improving environment in 
Ukraine.

SERVICE CONTRACTS

The appointments of the respective Executive 
Directors of the company and its subsidiaries are 
valid for an indefinite period and may be terminated 
with three months notice given by either party at 
any time. The company or subsidiary’s policy for 
compensation for loss of office is to provide com-
pensation which reflects the Group or that subsidiary 
company’s contractual obligations.

BONUS SCHEME

The Committee has established a cash bonus 
scheme for Executive Directors based on the overall 
performance of the Group and/or respective subsid-
iary company and attainment of the operating profit 
targets.

NON-EXECUTIVE 
DIRECTORS

The appointments of non-executive Directors are 
valid for an indefinite period and may be terminat-
ed with three months notice given by either party 
at any time. The decision to re-appoint, as well as 
the determination of the fees of the non-executive 
Directors, rests with the Board. The non-executive 
Directors may accept appointments with other com-
panies, although any such appointment is subject 
to the Board’s approval and terms and conditions of 
Service Agreements.

Annual Report 2015

13

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION

Details of the Directors’ cash remuneration are outlined below:

Annual    
Salary/fee 
2015 
2014 
£’000  £’000 

Bonus   

2015  2014 
£’000  £’000 

Non-cash 
compensation 
2015 
2014 
£’000  £’000 

Total cash 
remuneration 
2015  2014 
£’000  £’000

Executive*

Alexander Slipchuk 

Sergey Evlanchik 

Yuriy Hordiychuk 

Non-executive** 

52.5 

67.5 

9.9 

35 

45 

30 

—  — 

—  — 

—  — 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Dr Jack Rowell 

33.75  33.75 

—  — 

— 

— 

52.5 

67.5 

9.9 

35

45

30

129.9  110.0

33.75  33.75

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS

In 2009 the company granted share options to Jack Rowell. In February 2013 given the decline of market 
share price the exercise price for these options was reset to 10 pence and the exercise period extended until 
2017. As at the year end these options were not exercised. The details of the options outstanding at 31 De-
cember 2015 are shown below.

Directors 

Jack Rowell 

Share Options 

Exercise Price, pence 

Exercise Period

130,290 

10.0 

to 05/02/2017

14

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE  
GOVERNANCE 
REPORT

Annual Report 2015

15

CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE  
POLICY 

Effective corporate governance is a priority of the 
Board and outlined below are details of how the 
Company has applied the principles set out in The 
UK Corporate Governance Code (the “Code”) revised 
in April 2016 by the Financial Reporting Council. Un-
der the rules of AIM, a market operated by the Lon-
don Stock Exchange, the company is not required to 
comply with the Code and the Board considered that 
the size of the Group does not warrant compliance 
with all of the Code’s requirements. The Board fully 
supports the principles on which the Code is based 
and seeks to comply with best practice in such re-
spects as they consider appropriate for a Group of its 
size and nature. The Board has a wide range of expe-
rience directly relevant to the Group and its activities 
and its structure ensures that no one individual or 
group dominates the decision making process.

THE BOARD

The Board consists of one non-executive and three 
Executive Directors. The roles of the Chairman of 
the Board and the Chief Executive of the Group are 
held separately with a clear division of responsibil-
ity between them. The Chairman of the Board is an 
independent non-executive Director. 

Within the scope of the corporate governance pro-
cedures, the Board meets regularly to consider the 
financial results, budgets, and major items of capital 
expenditure of all the Group’s companies. This body 

is also responsible for formulating, reviewing and 
approving the Group’s strategy and the phases of its 
development.

The Board met four times during 2015.

BOARD  
COMMITTEES

The Board is assisted by the Audit and Remuneration 
Committees.

AUDIT COMMITTEE

The Audit Committee consists of one non-executive 
Director, Jack Rowell. The member of the Audit 
Committee has relevant financial experience. This 
Committee, inter alia, is responsible for reviewing 
the Annual and Interim financial statements, in addi-
tion to the systems of internal control and risk man-
agement, and also for ensuring the integrity of the 
financial information reported to the shareholders. 

The Audit Committee met twice during 2015.

REMUNERATION 
COMMITTEE

The Remuneration Committee comprises one non-ex-
ecutive Director, Jack Rowell. This Committee is 
scheduled to meet at least twice per annum to advise 
the Board on the Group’s remuneration strategy and 
to determine the terms of employment and total 
remuneration of the Executive Directors, including 

16

Annual Report 2015

the granting of share options. Among others, the 
objective of this Committee is to attract, retain and 
motivate Executives capable of delivering the Group’s 
objectives. The Remuneration Committee is also 
responsible for the evaluation of the performance of 
Executive Directors.

The Remuneration Committee held two meetings 
during 2015.

RELATIONS WITH 
SHAREHOLDERS

The Group maintains regular contact with its insti-
tutional and private shareholders, fund managers, 
financial analysts and brokers through a series of 
presentations, conference calls and meetings. All cor-
porate materials, including annual reports, financial 
results statements and other information, are availa-
ble on the Group’s website www.ukrproduct.com

The Chief Executive Officer and other Directors holds 
conference calls and meetings with major share-
holders on a regular basis. The Board believes that 
it is essential to discuss with its major shareholders 
and keep them updated with regards to the Group’s 
financial performance, strategy and business devel-
opments. The Chairman is also accessible to major 
shareholders, if such meetings are required.

The Board invites all shareholders to attend the 
company’s Annual General Meeting and encourages 
them to exercise their voting right and participate 
with questions.

INTERNAL CONTROL

The Group adheres to comprehensive and strictly 
regulated budgeting and reporting procedures that 
are aimed at more efficient internal control and 
risk management. The Board is responsible for the 
Group’s system of internal control and for reviewing 
its effectiveness, however, it is recognised that any 
control system can only provide reasonable and not 
absolute assurance against material misstatement or 
loss.

The principal elements of the internal control system 
are as follows:

• 

• 

• 

• 

documented policies, procedures and authorisa-
tion levels;

clearly defined lines of responsibility in the 
organisational structure of the Group;

a management structure which facilitates ease of 
communication both vertically and horizontally;

annual budgeting and monthly reporting proce-
dures.

The annual budgets consist of monthly budgets, 
which are updated each month once actual figures 
become available. Due to the dynamic development 
of the macroeconomic environment of the country 
the Group operates in, variances in actual figures for 
sales, prices and other underlying assumptions from 
those forecasted may occur. Hence, the budget is 
flexed to better reflect the future of the Group. Such 
variances by each company within the Group are 
discovered and recommendations for further actions 
are formulated.

Annual Report 2015

17

The internal control system is further enforced by 
the Group’s internal audit department. The main 
objectives of the internal audit function are to ensure 
the safety of the Group’s assets and the reliability of 
accounting records. The internal audit department is 
responsible for auditing the financial statements and 
accounting procedures of the companies within the 
Group, as well as for disclosing and reducing various 
types of risks related to Group operations. The 
Group’s controlling and risks analysis department 
is responsible for identifying the possible issues in 
the Group’s processes, the ongoing optimization of 
operations and risk management.

18

Annual Report 2015

CORPORATE 
SOCIAL 
RESPONSIBILITY 
REPORT

Annual Report 2015

19

CORPORATE SOCIAL 
RESPONSIBILITY

The Board is committed to developing and im-
plementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) 
policies aimed at:

•  Promoting equality and fairness among employ-

ees, partners and suppliers 

• 

Ensuring safe working conditions 

•  Maintaining the Group’s corporate reputation and 

dedication to business ethics 

•  Supporting the communities in which the Group 

operates 

personnel. The training programmes encourage staff 
to progress up the career ladder and are central to 
the Group’s continuing growth and success. 

HEALTH AND SAFETY

Management at business units within the Group 
are responsible for developing and maintaining 
the underlying practices that provide for a safe 
working environment. Special attention is given 
to the production facilities, where the equipment, 
including lighting, air conditioning, workspace and 
other constituents, undergo constant reviews and 
improvements. Regular monitoring is carried out to 
ensure that the required standards are met and that 
employees use the provided communication chan-
nels to further improve their surrounding working 
conditions.

• 

Establishing long-term and healthy relationships 
with the Group’s partners, customers and other 
affiliated parties.

CUSTOMERS

The main elements of the Group’s approach towards 
fulfilling the above objectives are as follows:

EMPLOYEES

The Group is committed to ensuring equal opportu-
nities to all its employees, both current and prospec-
tive. Each employee’s efforts are highly valued and 
the Board believes that a diverse mix of the work-
force facilitates innovation, efficiency and teamwork. 
As a matter of corporate policy, regular training and 
development workshops are conducted for Ukrprod-
uct’s staff. These are aimed at all employee groups, 
including managerial, technical and production 

Customer satisfaction is at the core of the Group’s 
business model. Therefore, the Board is keen to 
continue supplying the customers with high quali-
ty, affordable products required by current market 
demands. The Group’s segmentation practices are 
aimed at segregating various customer groups in 
order to meet their respective needs with maximum 
efficiency. In addition, regular market research and 
surveys are conducted to ensure maximum value is 
consistently offered to customers.

ENVIRONMENT 

The Group recognises the importance of good 
environmental practices and seeks to minimise any 

20

Annual Report 2015

negative impact that its operations or products might 
have on the production sites and surrounding areas. 
The Group adopted the environmental laws and 
regulations of Ukraine to reduce, control and elimi-
nate various types of pollution and to protect natural 
resources. Ukrproduct monitors and controls all its 
production facilities regularly in order to ensure that 
air quality is not adversely impacted by its oper-
ations. The Group focuses on cutting water and ener-
gy consumption, as well as reducing the volumes of 
waste. Collection and processing of waste have been 
organised through the local waste collection plants. 
The Group’s development programme puts specific 
emphasis on acquiring and installing only the most 
advanced and environmentally-friendly production 
and auxiliary equipment.

FOOD SAFETY 

Food safety is one of key priorities for the Group. 
Ukrproduct is committed to produce high quality and 

safe food and ensures that high standards are main-
tained within its supplier base. The certified food 
safety management system in compliance with ISO 
22000 was implemented by the Group. This system 
provides the possibility to fully monitor all produc-
tion stages — from forage control and sound health 
of the cattle to the final product distribution.

COMMUNITY SUPPORT 

The Group is keen to further enhance and maintain 
its partnership with local communities by supporting 
their initiatives and charitable events. The Group 
contributes cash donations and gifts, as well as 
employee time, by encouraging staff to participate as 
volunteers.

Annual Report 2015

21

22

Annual Report 2015

DIRECTORS’ 
REPORT

Annual Report 2015

23

The Directors present their report and the audited consolidated financial statements 
of Ukrproduct Group Ltd (referred to as the company and together with its subsidiaries 
as “the Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2015.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 
AND BUSINESS REVIEW

Ukrproduct Group Ltd (the “company” or “Ukrprod-
uct”) is a holding company for a group of food and 
beverages businesses located in Ukraine. The princi-
pal activities of Ukrproduct Group are the production 
and distribution of highly branded dairy foods and 
beverages (kvass) in Ukraine and the export of milk 
powder. The Group is one of the leading branded 
food producers in Ukraine with its own nationwide 
distribution network. More detailed commentary on 
the Group’s activities during the year, its financial 
performance, future plans, and prospects are out-
lined in the Chairman and Chief Executive Statement. 

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS

The results of the Group for the year are set out on 
page 35 and show a net loss for the period of GBP 
3.906 million (2014: GBP 3.478 million). 

The Board has decided not to recommend the pay-
ment of a dividend in respect of the year ended 31 
December 2015(2014:Nil).

DIRECTORS

Details of members of the Board of Directors are 
shown on page 8. 

The Directors’ interests in the share capital of the company as at 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014 
are shown below:

Shares 
2015 

2014 

Share options 
2015 

2014

Executive 

Sergey Evlanchik 

Alexander Slipchuk 

Non-executive 

Dr Jack Rowell 

24

Annual Report 2015

14,967,133 

14,967,133 

14,939,133 

14,939,133 

— 

— 

  —

  —

118,690 

118,690 

130,290 

130,290

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
POWERS OF THE 
DIRECTORS

Subject to the Company’s Memorandum and Articles 
of Association, Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as 
amended and any directions given by special resolu-
tion, the business of the company shall be managed 
by the Directors who may exercise all such powers 
of the company. The rules in relation to the appoint-
ment and replacement of Directors are set out in the 
company’s Article’s of Association.

FINANCIAL RISKS 
FACING THE GROUP

The principal risks of the business are credit risk, 
liquidity risk and market risk, including fair value or 
cash flow interest-rate risk and foreign exchange risk. 
The main purpose of the Group’s risk management 
programme is to evaluate, monitor and manage these 
risks and to minimise potential adverse effects on 
the Group’s financial performance and shareholders. 
The Chief Financial Officer of the Group is in charge 
of risk management and introduction of all policies as 
approved by the Board of Directors. 

For further details of the Group’s risk management 
please see note 5 on page 68.

EMPLOYEES

The Group is committed to ensuring provision of equal 
opportunities for all employees, which is reflected 
by its selection, recruitment and training policies. 

The Group considers its employees to be one of its 
most valuable assets and rewards high performance 
through competitive remuneration and incentive 
schemes. The Directors also consider it a priority to 
give employees the opportunity to communicate their 
ideas and opinions to all levels of management, both 
directly and through various surveys. The average 
number of employees of the Group during the year 
ended 31 December 2015 was 1,132 (2014: 1,423).

PAYMENT POLICY

The Group has a general set of guidelines for paying 
its suppliers based on specific criteria. However, 
it is normal practice to agree payment terms with 
a specific supplier when entering into a purchase 
contract. The Group seeks to abide by the payment 
terms agreed whenever it is satisfied that the goods 
or services have been provided in accordance with 
the agreed terms and conditions.

GOING CONCERN

As described in Note 2(b) of the consolidated finan-
cial statement the Group incurred a loss of £3.906k 
for the year ended 31 December 2015. This is 
primarily due to the volatile political and economic 
situation in Ukraine. This has resulted in a number 
of challenges to the Group, including but not limited 
to the significant devaluation of the local currency 
and the increase in raw milk prices. The new Loan 
Agreement with the European Bank for Reconstruc-
tion and Development was signed on 24 June 2016. 
The terms include extension of the maturity date from 
10 December 2018 to 1 December 2024. The Com-
pany has also been provided with a capital repayment 
holiday until 1 March 2017, at which point quarterly 

Annual Report 2015

25

capital repayments commence, increasing in amount 
on an annual basis until 1 December 2022, followed 
by a final bullet repayment on 1 December 2024. 

AUDITORS

Meanwhile following a review of the Group’s finan-
cial position and its budgets and plans, the directors 
have concluded that the Group has sufficient financial 
resources to meet working capital requirements for 
a period of up to 12 months from the date of these 
financial statements.

ANNUAL GENERAL 
MEETING

Ukrproduct’s AGM will be held on 25 July, 2016. The 
Notice of AGM and agenda will be sent to share-
holders no less than 21 days prior to the date of the 
meeting.  

Baker Tilly Channel Islands Limited was re-appointed 
as the Group’s auditors for the 2015 financial year by 
the resolution of the Annual General Meeting (AGM) 
of Shareholders held on July 24, 2015. A resolution 
to re-appoint them shall be proposed at the forth-
coming AGM.

STATEMENT AS  
TO DISCLOSURE  
OF INFORMATION  
TO THE AUDITOR

All of the current Directors have taken the necessary 
steps to make themselves aware of any information 
needed by the Group’s auditors for the purposes 
of their audit and to establish that the auditors are 
aware of that information. The directors are not 
aware of any relevant audit information of which the 
auditors are unaware.

Jack Rowell 
Chairman 

30 June 2016

26

Annual Report 2015

STATEMENT 
OF DIRECTORS 
RESPONSIBILITIES

FOR THE PREPARATION AND APPROVAL  
OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2015 

Annual Report 2015

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The directors are responsible for the preparation 

of the consolidated financial statements in ac-
cordance with applicable Jersey law and other 
regulations and enactments in force at the time. The 
Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as amended requires 
the directors to prepare financial statements for 
each year in accordance with Generally Accepted 
Accounting Principles. Under that law, the directors 
have elected to prepare the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the Euro-
pean Union. Under company law, the directors must 
not approve the consolidated financial statements 
unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the Group and of its 
profit or loss for the period ended.

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, 
the directors are required to:

—   select suitable accounting policies and then 

apply them consistently;

—  prepare the consolidated financial statements on 
the going concern basis unless it is inappropri-
ate to presume that the Group will continue in 
business.

The board of directors confirms that the Group has 
complied with the above mentioned requirements in 
preparing its consolidated financial statements.

The directors are also responsible for:

—  implementing and maintaining an efficient and 
reliable system of internal controls in the Group;

—  keeping proper accounting records that disclose 
with reasonable accuracy at any time the finan-
cial position of the Group;

—  taking reasonable steps to safeguard the assets 
of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and 
other irregularities; and

—  the maintenance and integrity of the Group’s 

—  make judgments and estimates that are reasona-

website.

ble and prudent;

—  state that the financial information complies with 
IFRS, subject to any material departures dis-
closed and explained in the consolidated finan-
cial statements; and 

On behalf of the Directors:

Alexander Slipchuk 
Chief Executive Officer

28

Annual Report 2015

INDEPENDENT 
AUDITOR’S 
REPORT 

TO THE MEMBERS OF UKRPRODUCT 
GROUP LIMITED

Annual Report 2015

29

REPORT ON THE 
CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL  
STATEMENTS

We have audited the accompanying consolidated 
financial statements of Ukrproduct Group Limited 
(“the company” and together with its subsidiaries 
is referred to as “the Group”), for the year ended 31 
December 2015, which comprise the consolidat-
ed statements of income, comprehensive income, 
consolidated statement of financial position, consol-
idated statement of changes in equity, the consoli-
dated cash flow statement and the related notes 1 to 
32. The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in their preparation is applicable law and 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as 
adopted by the European Union. 

This report is made solely to the company’s mem-
bers, as a body, in accordance with Article 113A 
of the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as amended. 
Our audit work is undertaken so that we might state 
to the company’s members those matters we are 
required to state to them in an auditors’ report and 
for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted 
by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility 
to anyone other than the company and the compa-
ny’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed.

RESPECTIVE 
RESPONSIBILITIES  
OF THE DIRECTORS  
AND AUDITORS

As explained more fully in the Statement of Direc-
tors’ Responsibilities, the Directors are responsible 
for the preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view. 

Our responsibility is to audit and express an opinion 
on the consolidated financial statements in accord-
ance with applicable law and International Stand-
ards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards 
require us to comply with the Auditing Practices 
Board’s (APBs) Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the consolidated financial state-
ments 

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the 
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements 
sufficient to give reasonable assurance that the con-
solidated financial statements are free from material 
misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This 
includes an assessment of: whether the accounting 
policies are appropriate to the Group’s circumstanc-
es and have been consistently applied and ade-
quately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant 
accounting estimates made by the directors; and the 
overall presentation of the financial statements. Our 
responsibilities do not extend to any other informa-
tion. 

30

Annual Report 2015

OPINION ON 
CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The above matters indicate the existence of material 
uncertainties which may cast significant doubt about 
the Group’s abilities to continue as a going concern. 
The consolidated financial statements do not include 
any adjustments that would result if the Group was 
unable to continue as a going concern. 

In our opinion the consolidated financial statements:

—  give a true and fair view of the state of the 

Group’s affairs as At 31 December 2015 and of 
Group’s loss for the year then ended;

—  have been properly prepared in accordance with 
IFRS as adopted by the European Union; and 

—  have been prepared in accordance with the re-

quirements of the Companies (Jersey) Law, 1991 
as amended. 

EMPHASIS OF MATTER 

In forming our opinion on the consolidated financial 
statements, which is not qualified, we draw your 
attention to the following matters:

a) Going concern

EUROPEAN BANK FOR 
RECONSTRUCTION AND 
DEVELOPMENT 

We also draw attention to Note 2(b) and to Note 24 
to the consolidated financial statements which refer 
to the non-observance during the year by the Group 
of the terms of the loan agreement with the European 
Bank for Reconstruction and Development (“EBRD”) 
and the subsequent restructuring of those borrowing 
arrangements after the year end

MATTERS ON WHICH 
WE ARE REQUIRED TO 
REPORT BY EXCEPTION 

As described in Note 2(b) to the consolidated finan-
cial statements. The Group incurred a loss of £3,905k 
for the year ended 31 December 2015. This was 
primarily due to the volatile political and economic 
situation in Ukraine which resulted in a number of 
challenges to the Group, including but not limited to 
the significant devaluation of the local currency and 
high rates of inflation

We have nothing to report in respect of the following 
matters where the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

—  proper accounting records have not been kept; or

—  proper returns adequate for our audit have not 

been received from branches not visited by us; or

Annual Report 2015

31

—  the financial statements are not in agreement 
with the accounting records and returns; or

—  we have not received all the information and 

explanations which to the best of our knowledge 
and belief are necessary for the purposes of our 
audit. 

David Hopkins

For and on behalf of Baker Tilly Channel Islands 
Limited  
Chartered Accountants  
St Helier, Jersey 
30 June 2016

32

Annual Report 2015

CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED INCOME  
STATEMENT

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT   
OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT   
OF FINANCIAL POSITION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT   
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT   
OF CASH FLOWS

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED  
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Annual Report 2015

33

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT  
OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2015

(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

GROSS PROFIT 

Administrative expenses 

Selling and distribution expenses 

Other operating expenses 

PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS 

Net finance expenses 

Effect of foreign currency translation  

LOSS BEFORE TAXATION 

Income tax expenses 

LOSS FOR THE YEAR 

Attributable to:

Owners of the Parent 

Non-controlling interests 

Earnings/Loss per share: 

Basic 

Diluted 

34

Annual Report 2015

Note 

8 

9 

9 

9 

9 

10 

13 

26 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

20 158 

(17 844) 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

31 876 

(25 423)

2 314  

(1 109) 

(1 462) 

(1 089) 

(1 346)  

(768) 

(1 733) 

(3 847) 

(59) 

6 453 

(1 963)

(2 797)

(508)

1 185 

(761)

(3 857)

(3 433)

(45)

(3 906) 

(3 478)

(3 906) 

—  

(9,85) 

(9,91) 

(3 478)

— 

(8,77)

(8,78)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME: 

Items that may be subsequently reclassified  
to profit or loss 

Currency translation differences 

(1 526) 

(7 000)

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss 

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

Gain on revaluation of property,  
plant and equipment 

Income tax in respest of revaluation reserve 

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET OF TAX 

—  

1 113 

(200)  

(613) 

(21)

— 

—  

(7 021)

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 

(4 519) 

(10 499)

Attributable to: 

Owners of the Parent 

Non-controlling interests 

(4 519) 

— 

(10 499)

— 

Annual Report 2015

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT  
OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2015 

(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

ASSETS 

Non-current assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Intangible assets 

Long-term receivables 

Deferred tax assets 

Current assets 

Inventories 

Trade and other receivables 

Current taxes 

Other financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Note 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

7 416 

596  

— 

46  

8 058  

1 496 

1 486 

348  

11 

93 

3 434 

9 562 

829

— 

2  

10 423  

2 085  

3 674  

1 177  

108

215  

7 259  

TOTAL ASSETS 

11 492  

17 682

36

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent 

Share capital 

Other reserves 

Retained earnings 

Non-controlling interests 

TOTAL EQUITY 

Non-Current Liabilities 

Bank loans and overdrafts 

Deferred tax liabilities 

Current liabilities 

Bank loans and overdrafts 

Trade and other payables 

Current income tax liabilities 

Other taxes payable 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

Note 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

22 

23 

24 

16 

24 

25 

3 967 

(6 540) 

5 654  

3 081 

—  

3 967  

(5 753)  

9 358  

7 572  

—  

3 081  

7 572  

3 206  

466 

3 672 

3 121  

1 586 

18 

15 

4 728  

302

5 030  

2 454  

2 583  

14  

29  

4 740  

5 080  

8 412  

11 492 

10 110 

17 682  

Annual Report 2015

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT  
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2015 

(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

Attributable to owners of the parent 

Share capital  

Share premium 

£’000 

3 967 

£’000 

4 562  

Revaluation 
reserve 
£’000 

3 636  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

3 967 

—  

4 562 

—  

— 

—  

—  

—  

—  

(162) 

(21) 

3 453  

Translation 

Total 

Non-controlling 

Total Equity 

Retained 

earnings 

£’000 

12 672  

(3 478) 

—  

—  

(3 478) 

—  

—  

162  

2 

9 358 

reserve 

£’000 

(6 768) 

—  

—  

(7 000) 

(7 000) 

—  

—  

—  

—  

(13 768)  

£’000 

18 069 

(3 478) 

— 

(7 000) 

(10 478) 

—  

—  

—  

(19) 

7 572 

interests 

£’000 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

£’000

18 069  

(3 478) 

—  

(7 000) 

(10 478) 

—  

—  

—   

(19) 

7 572 

As at 1 January 2014 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

Income from changes of tax rates 

Currency translation differences 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners 

Dividends paid (Note 27) 

Total transactions with owners 

Depreciation on revaluation of property,  
plant and equipment

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

As at December 2014 

38

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attributable to owners of the parent 

Share capital  

Share premium 

Revaluation 

£’000 

3 967 

£’000 

4 562  

As at 1 January 2014 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

Income from changes of tax rates 

Currency translation differences 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners 

Dividends paid (Note 27) 

Total transactions with owners 

Depreciation on revaluation of property,  

plant and equipment

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

As at December 2014 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

3 967 

—  

4 562 

reserve 

£’000 

3 636  

—  

— 

—  

—  

—  

—  

(162) 

(21) 

3 453  

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

12 672  

(3 478) 

—  

—  

(3 478) 

—  

—  

162  

2 

9 358 

Translation 
reserve 
£’000 

(6 768) 

—  

—  

(7 000) 

(7 000) 

—  

—  

—  

—  

(13 768)  

Total 

£’000 

18 069 

(3 478) 

— 

(7 000) 

(10 478) 

—  

—  

—  

(19) 

7 572 

Non-controlling 
interests 
£’000 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

Total Equity 

£’000

18 069  

(3 478) 

—  

(7 000) 

(10 478) 

—  

—  

—   

(19) 

7 572 

Annual Report 2015

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attributable to owners of the parent 

Share capital  

Share premium 

As at December 2014 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

£’000 

3 967 

—  

Gain on revaluation of property, plant and equipment  —  

Currency translation differences 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners 

Dividends paid (Note 27) 

Total transactions with owners 

Depreciation on revaluation of property,  
plant and equipment

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

Acquiring of shares 

As at 31 December 2015 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

3 967  

£’000 

4 562 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

4 562  

Revaluation 
reserve 
£’000 

3 453  

—  

913  

—  

913 

—  

—  

(86) 

(88) 

—    

4 192  

Non-controlling 

Total Equity 

interests 

£’000 

Retained 

earnings 

£’000 

9 358 

(3 906) 

—  

—  

(3 906) 

—  

—  

86  

116 

—    

5 654  

Translation 

reserve 

£’000 

(13 768)  

—  

—  

(1 526) 

(1 526) 

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

(15 294) 

Total 

£’000 

7 572 

(3 906) 

913  

(1 526) 

(4 519) 

—  

—  

—  

28 

—    

3 081  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

—    

£’000

7 572 

(3 906) 

913 

(1 526) 

(4 519) 

—  

—  

—   

28

—    

3 081  

40

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain on revaluation of property, plant and equipment  —  

As at December 2014 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

Currency translation differences 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners 

Dividends paid (Note 27) 

Total transactions with owners 

Depreciation on revaluation of property,  

plant and equipment

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

Acquiring of shares 

As at 31 December 2015 

Attributable to owners of the parent 

Share capital  

Share premium 

Revaluation 

£’000 

3 967 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

3 967  

£’000 

4 562 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

4 562  

reserve 

£’000 

3 453  

—  

913  

—  

913 

—  

—  

(86) 

(88) 

—    

4 192  

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

9 358 

(3 906) 

—  

—  

(3 906) 

—  

—  

86  

116 

—    

5 654  

Translation 
reserve 
£’000 

(13 768)  

—  

—  

(1 526) 

(1 526) 

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

(15 294) 

Total 

£’000 

7 572 

(3 906) 

913  

(1 526) 

(4 519) 

—  

—  

—  

28 

—    

3 081  

Non-controlling 
interests 
£’000 

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—  

—    

—    

—    

Total Equity 

£’000

7 572 

(3 906) 

913 

(1 526) 

(4 519) 

—  

—  

—   

28

—    

3 081  

Annual Report 2015

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF CASH FLOWS
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2015 

(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

Profit before taxation 

Adjustments for: 

Exchange difference 

Depreciation and amortisation 

(Profit)/loss on disposal of non-current assets 

Write off of receivables/payables 

Impairment of inventories 

Loss from disposal of subsidiaries 

Interest income 

Interest expense on bank loans 

Operation cash flow before working capital changes 

(Increase) / decrease in inventories 

Decrease in trade and other receivables 

Increase / (decrease) in trade and other payables 

11 

10 

10 

Changes in working capital 

Cash generated from operations 

Interest received 

Income tax paid 

Net cash generated by / (used in) operating activities 

42

Annual Report 2015

Note 

Year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

(3 847) 

(3 433) 

1 733 

537 

(4) 

857 

78  

(4) 

(1) 

769  

119 

(127) 

890 

(404)  

359 

478  

1  

169 

648 

3 857

866  

74 

279 

76  

6  

(4) 

765  

2 486  

(661)  

195  

979 

513 

2 999  

4  

(45) 

2 958

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 

Year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Purchases of property, plant and equipment property,  
plant and equipment and intangible assets 

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 

Repayments of loans issued 

Net cash used in investing activities 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Acquiring of shares 

Interest paid 

(Decrease) / increase in short term borrowing 

Increase in long term borrowing 

Repayments of long term borrowing 

Net cash generated by financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

21 

(259) 

18  

66 

(175) 

—  

(607) 

(76) 

—  

— 

(683) 

(210) 

88 

215  

93  

(486) 

19

(15)  

(482) 

— 

(765) 

(1 575)  

— 

(541) 

(2 881)  

(405)

(386) 

1 006  

215 

These consolidated financial statements were approved 
and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on  
30 June 2016 and were signed on its behalf by: 
Alexander Slipchuk 
Chief Executive Officer 
2016

Annual Report 2015

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO 
CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2015

(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

1.GROUP AND PRINCIPAL 
ACTIVITIES

(a) Introduction

The Company is a public limited liability entity reg-
istered in Jersey with a registered office at 26 New 
Street, St Helier, Jersey, JE2 3RA, Channel Islands. 
The Group’s overall management and production fa-
cilities are based in Ukraine, with the HQ in Kyiv. The 
Group commands leading positions in the Ukrainian 
processed cheese and packaged butter markets and 
owns a range of widely recognisable trademarks in 
Ukraine, including “Nash Molochnik” (translated as 
Our Dairyman), “Narodniy Product” (People’s Prod-
uct) “Molendam” and “Vershkova Dolina” (Creamy 

Valley). The average number of employees of the 
Group during the year ended 31 December 2015 was 
1,132 (2014: 1,423).

(b) Ukrainian environment

The Group conducts its operations mainly in Ukraine. 
The Ukrainian economy while deemed to be of mar-
ket status continues to display certain characteristics 
consistent with that of an economy in transition. 
These characteristics include, but are not limited to, 
low levels of liquidity in the capital markets, high 
inflation, and significant imbalances in the public 
finance and foreign trade. From 1 January 2015 and 
up to 31 December 2015, the Ukrainian Hryvnia (the 
“UAH”) depreciated against major foreign curren-
cies (by approximately 36% calculated based on the 
National Bank of Ukraine (the “NBU”) exchange rate 

44

Annual Report 2015

of UAH to EUR, by approximately 52 % calculated 
based on the National Bank of Ukraine (the “NBU”) 
exchange rate of UAH to USD, by approximately 45% 
calculated based on the National Bank of Ukraine 
(the “NBU”) exchange rate of UAH to GBP). From 
31 December 2015 to the date of the issuance of 
these financial statements, the UAH depreciated 
against EUR by 11%, against USD by 6% and GBP 
by 6%.The NBU imposed certain restrictions on 
purchase of foreign currencies, cross border settle-
ments (including repayment of dividends), and also 
mandated obligatory conversion of foreign currency 
proceeds into UAH. The known and estimable effects 
of the above events on the financial position and 
performance of the Group in the reporting period 
have been taken into account in preparing these 
financial statements. The Government has commit-
ted to direct its policy towards the association with 
the European Union, to implement a set of reforms 
aiming at the removal of the existing imbalances 
in the economy, public finance and public gov-
ernance, and the improvement of the investment 
climate. Stabilisation of the Ukrainian economy in 
the foreseeable future depends on the success of the 
actions undertaken by the Government and securing 
continued financial support of Ukraine by interna-
tional donors and international financial institutions. 
Management is monitoring the developments in 
the current environment and taking actions, where 
appropriate, to minimize any negative effects to the 
extent possible. Further adverse developments in the 
political, macroeconomic and/or international trade 
conditions may further adversely affect the Group’s 
financial position and performance in a manner not 
currently determinable.

2.SUMMARY OF 
SIGNIFICANT 
ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.1.BASIS OF PREPARATION

The consolidated financial statements have been pre-
pared on a historical cost basis, except for property, 
plant and equipment and an intangible asset (cus-
tomer list) which have been measured at fair value. 
The consolidated financial statements are presented 
in British Pounds Sterling (GBP) and all values are 
rounded to the nearest thousand (£000) except 
where otherwise indicated. 

(а) Statement of compliance

These consolidated financial statements have been 
prepared in accordance with International Finan-
cial Reporting Standards, International Accounting 
Standards and Interpretations issued by the Inter-
national Accounting Standards Board (IASB), as 
adopted by the European Union (collectively “IFRS”).

The preparation of financial statements in conformity 
with IFRS requires the use of certain critical ac-
counting estimates. It also requires management to 
exercise its judgment in the process of applying the 
Group’s accounting policies. Further information is 
provided in note 3.

(b) Going concern

The final resolution and the effects of the political and 
economic crisis are difficult to predict but may have 
further severe effects on the Ukrainian economy.

The Group incurred a loss of GBP 3,906 thousand for 
the year ended 31 December 2015, decreasing the 
retained earnings at that date to GBP 5,712 thousand. 

Annual Report 2015

45

In addition, due to significant devaluation of Ukrainian 
Hryvnia the burden of loans denominated in foreign 
currencies has increased. As at 31 December 2015 
the loans, denominated in foreign currency, was the 
following: UAH 970 thousand, EUR 5,357 thousand 
(Note 24). Interest under these loan agreements is 
paid according to a fixed schedule annexed to the 
Treaty.

Moreover, the Group did not make the principal 
amount payment of EUR 1 230 thousand during 
2015 and EUR 762 thousand during 2016 (363 
thousand GBP on 10 March 2016 and 399 thousand 
GBP on 10 June 2016) under the terms of its Loan 
Agreement with the European Bank for Reconstruc-
tion and Development (the “”EBRD””) dated March 
31, 2011.

Such breach of the provisions relating to the loan 
repayment gives the bank a formal right to demand 
early repayment of loans. The Board notified the 
EBRD in advance about all breaches of terms of the 
Loan  Agreement and expected to obtain a waiver 
on the date of signing these consolidated financial 
statements. However, the EBRD did not provide 
waiver in respect of breach of the repayment sched-
ule in 2015 as new Loan Agreement was signed 24 
June 2016. This new Loan Agreement was discussed 
during 2015 and first half of the 2016 in respect of 
new terms of its Loan Agreement. Terms suggest 
new repayment schedule up to 1 December 2024. 
Company gained grace period till 01/03/2017. Be-
ginning with 01/03/2017 Company will pay tranches 
according to the new agreement.

priate measures to underpin its cost cutting strategy 
including but not limited to: reconstruction of man-
ufacturing facilities in Starokonstantinov location, 
decrease in the number of subsidiaries and stream-
lining its business processes aimed to minimise 
non-value adding activities and related costs, export 
capacity development. In 2015 Company obtained 
a license for export to China, in 2016 Company 
obtained a license for export to Kazakhstan. This 
license is used for sales of hard cheese and cheese 
product. In processed cheese category Company 
plans to gain market share in Ukraine by launch-
ing new branded products. In beverages category 
Company plans development and gain in sales of keg 
kvass. Also in beverages category launch and sales 
development of new products are planned. Company 
works on energy usage reducing as well.

(c) Consolidation principles

The consolidated financial statements comprise the 
financial statements of Ukrproduct Group Limited 
and its subsidiaries as at 31 December 2015.

Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date of ac-
quisition, being the date on which the Group obtains 
control, and continue to be consolidated until the 
date that such control ceases.  

Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or 
has rights, to variable returns from its involvement 
with the investee and has the ability to affect those 
returns through its power over the investee. Specif-
ically, the Group controls an investee if, and only if, 
the Group has:

Based on the existence of these conditions, the con-
solidated financial statements have been prepared 
on a going concern basis, because management 
believes that it has employed sufficient and appro-

—  Power over the investee (i.e., existing rights that 
give it the current ability to direct the relevant 
activities of the investee).

46

Annual Report 2015

—  Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its 

involvement with the investee.

—  The ability to use its power over the investee to 

affect its returns.

Generally, there is a presumption that a majority 
of voting rights result in control. To support this 
presumption and when the Group has less than a 
majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee, 
the Group considers all relevant facts and circum-
stances in assessing whether it has power over an 
investee, including:

consolidation. A change in the ownership interest 
of a subsidiary, without a change of control, is 
accounted for as an equity transaction, that is, as 
transactions with owners in their capacity as owners. 
Profit or loss and each component of other com-
prehensive income are attributed to the owners of 
the parent and to the non-controlling interests. Total 
comprehensive income is attributed to the owners of 
the parent and to the non-controlling interests even 
if this results in the non-controlling interests having 
a deficit balance. When necessary, adjustments are 
made to the financial statements of subsidiaries 
to bring their accounting policies into line with the 
Group’s accounting policies.

—  The contractual arrangement with the other vote 

holders of the investee.

If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it:

—  Rights arising from other contractual arrange-

—  Derecognises the assets (including goodwill) and 

ments.

liabilities of the subsidiary.

—  The Group’s voting rights and potential voting 

—  Derecognises the carrying amount of any 

rights.

non-controlling interests.

The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls 
an investee if facts and circumstances indicate 
that there are changes to one or more of the three 
elements of control. Consolidation of a subsidiary 
begins when the Group obtains control over the 
subsidiary and ceases when the Group loses con-
trol of the subsidiary. Assets, liabilities, income 
and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed 
of during the year are included in the consolidated 
financial statements from the date the Group gains 
control until the date the Group ceases to control the 
subsidiary.  

—  Derecognises the cumulative translation differ-

ences, recorded in equity.

—  Recognises the fair value of the consideration 

received.

—  Recognises any investment retained in the for-
mer subsidiary at its fair value at the date when 
control is lost.

—  Recognises any surplus or deficit in profit or 

loss.

All intra-group balances, income and expenses 
and unrealised gains and losses resulting from 
intra-group transactions are eliminated in full on 

—  Reclassifies the parent’s share of components 
previously recognised in other comprehensive 
income to profit or loss.

Annual Report 2015

47

The Group applies the acquisition method to account 
for business combinations. The consideration trans-
ferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair 
value of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred 
to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity 
interests issued by the Group. Identifiable assets 
acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities 
assumed in a business combination are measured 
initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. 

Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.

Non-controlling interests represent a portion of prof-
its or losses and net assets not owned by the Group. 
Non-controlling interests are presented separately 
from parent share capital in equity in the Consolidat-
ed statement of financial position.

Consolidated financial statements of the Group include following companies:

Group’s company 

Effective  

Country 
of incorpo-  ownership ratio 
ration 
As at 31 December 
2015 

2014 

Principal activities 

Consolidation 
method 

Molochnik LLC* 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Holder of some assets 

Acquisition 

Starokonstantinovskiy  
Molochniy Zavod SC****** 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Production 

Starkon-Moloko LLC* 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of property  
& equipment

Acquisition 

Acquisition 

Krasilovsky Molochny Zavod 
Private Enterprise SC******

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of land assets 

Acquisition   

Molochaia Dolina LLC****** 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of land assets 

Zhiviy Kvas LLC****** 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Production 

Acquisition 

Acquisition 

Milk investments Private  
Enterprise SC*

Invest Garantiya Private  
Enterprise******

Business Invest  
Management LLS*

Favorit-Konsulting  
Private Enterprise***

Avtopark  
Starokonstantinov LLS*** 

48

Annual Report 2015

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of equipment 

Acquisition   

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of equipment 

Acquisition   

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of equipment 

Acquisition   

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of equipment 

Acquisition   

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of fleet of vehicles 

Acquisition 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group’s company 

Effective  

Country 
of incorpo-  ownership ratio 
ration 
As at 31 December 
2014 

2013

Principal activities 

Consolidation 
method 

ATP Centr LLC*** 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Owner of fleet of vehicles 

Acquisition 

Ukrprodexport Private  
Enterprise SC*

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Export operations 

Acquisition   

Ukrproduct-Logistic LLC * 

Ukraine  — 

100% 

Logistics 

Acquisition 

Gollandska Sirovarnya  
MolendamLLC***

Ukraine  — 

100% 

Sales & Distribution 

Acquisition   

Lider-Product LLC**** 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Sales & Distribution 

Acquisition 

Premierproduct-Dnipro  
Private Enterprise SC*****

Premierproduct-Jitomir  
Private Enterprise SC**

Ukraine  — 

100% 

To be constructed 

Acquisition   

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Sales & Distribution 

Acquisition   

Alternatyvni investytsiyi UCVF***  Ukraine 

100%  100% 

Asset management 

Acquisition

Ukrproduct Group CJSC 

Ukraine 

100%  100% 

LinkStar Limited 

Cyprus 

100%  100% 

Solaero Global Alternative 
Fund Limited 

Dairy Trading Corporation 
Limited

Cyprus 

100%  100% 

Holder of some assets 
and operating companies

Holder of Group’s 
trademarks and assets

Holder of Group’s 
trademarks and assets 

Acquisition   

Acquisition   

Acquisition 

BVI 

100%  100% 

Export operations 

Acquisition   

Reliable Logistics Services ltd 

BVI 

100%  100% 

St. Invest Holding LTD  

BVI 

100%  100% 

Holder of distribution 
network

Holder of distribution 
network 

Acquisition   

Acquisition 

Ukrproduct Group LTD 

Jersey 

Listed on LSE 

Parent

* The companies are held through Ukrproduct Group CJSC 
which is a 100%-owned subsidiary of the Company
** The companies are held through LinkStar Limited which is 
a 100%-owned subsidiary of the Company
*** Subsidiaries of  Solaero Global Alternative Fund Limited, 
the Group’s specialised distribution companies.
**** Subsidiaries of Krasilovsky Molochny Zavod Private 
Enterprise SC.

***** Subsidiaries of Molochnik LLC, the Group’s specialised 
distribution companies.
****** Subsidiaries of Alternatyvni investytsiyi UCVF.
Alternatyvni investytsiyi UCVF is a limited life entity and is due 
to cease to exist on 5 April 2022.
In 2015, Premierproduct-Dnipro Private Enterprise SC was 
withdrawn from Group. Loss from operation is insignificant,it 
does not require disclosure.

Annual Report 2015

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d) Reorganisation

A reorganisation of the Group continued in 2015 and 
resulted in the withdrawal of Gollandska Sirovarnya 
MolendamLLC and  Ukrproduct-Logistic LLC via a 
merger with Starokonstantinovskiy Molochniy Zavod 
SC for the purpose of improving the administration 
and reporting processes.

Operating segments are reported in a manner con-
sistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief 
operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision 
maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and 
assessing performance of the operating segments, has 
been identified as the board of directors.

2.2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(e) Accounting for acquisitions of companies under 
common control

Significant accounting policies given below have been 
consistently applied by the Group in the preparation of 
these financial statements, unless otherwise stated.

Acquisitions of controlling interests in companies 
that were previously under the control of the ultimate 
beneficiaries of the Company are accounted for as 
if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of 
the earliest comparative period presented or, if later, 
at the date on which control was obtained by the 
ultimate beneficiaries of the Company. The assets 
and liabilities acquired are recognised at their book 
values. The components of equity of the acquired 
companies are added to the same components with-
in Group equity except that any share capital of the 
acquired companies is recorded as a part of merger 
reserve. The cash consideration for such acquisi-
tions is recognised as a liability to or a reduction of 
receivables from related parties, with a correspond-
ing reduction in equity, from the date the acquired 
company is included in these consolidated financial 
statements until the cash consideration is paid. 
No goodwill is recognised where the Group acquires 
additional interests in the acquired companies from 
the ultimate controlling shareholders. The difference 
between the share of net assets acquired and the 
cost of investment is recognised directly in equity.

(f) Segment reporting

2.2.1. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS 

(а) Functional and presentation currency

The Ukrainian Hryvnia is the currency of the primary 
economic environment in which the majority of the 
Group companies operate.

Transactions in currencies that differ from the func-
tional currency are considered to be foreign currency 
transactions.

Management has considered what would be the 
most appropriate presentational currency for consol-
idated IFRS financial statements and has concluded 
that the Group should use British Pounds Sterling 
(hereinafter “GBP” or £) as the Group’s presentation-
al currency. This is because the Ukrainian Hryvnia 
is not a major convertible or recognisable currency 
outside of Ukraine, and also because the Group’s 
public shareholder base is located mostly in the UK.

(b) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the 
functional currency using the exchange rates pre-

50

Annual Report 2015

vailing at the dates of the transactions or valuation 
where items are re-measured. Foreign exchange 
gains or losses resulting from the settlement of such 
transactions and from the translation at the year-end 
exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities de-
nominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the 
statement of comprehensive income, except when 
deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges and 
qualifying net investment hedges. Foreign exchange 
gains and losses are presented in the income state-
ment within “Effect of foreign currency translation“.

The financial results and financial position of the 
Group’s companies are translated into the presenta-
tion currency as follows:

—  For current year, all assets and liabilities are 

translated at the rate effective at the reporting 
date. Income and expense items are translated 
at rates approximating to those ruling when the 
transactions took place;

—  Equity items are translated into the presentation 

currency using the historical rate;

—  For comparative figures, all assets and liabilities 
are translated at the closing rate existing at the 
relevant reporting date. Income and expense 
items are translated at rates approximating to 
those ruling when the transactions took place;

—  All exchange differences resulting from the 

application of the translation methods described 
above are recognised directly in equity as a sep-
arate component of equity;

—  Income and expenses for each income statement 
are translated at average exchange rates (unless 
this average is not a reasonable approximation 
of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on 
the transaction dates, in which case income and 
expenses are translated at the rate on the dates 
of the transactions); and

—  All resulting exchange differences are recognised 
as a separate component of equity within “Trans-
lation reserve”.

The principal UAH exchange rates used in the preparation of Consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Currency 

31 December 2015 

Average exchange 
rate for 2015 

31 December 2014 

Average exchange 
rate for 2014

GBP/UAH 

USD/UAH 

EUR/UAH 

35,53 

24,00 

26,22 

33,34 

21,81 

24,19 

24,53 

15,77 

19,23 

19,50

11,87

15,68

—  Foreign currency can be freely converted within Ukraine at a rate close to the rate of the National Bank of 

Ukraine. At present, the UAH is not a freely convertible currency outside Ukraine.

Annual Report 2015

51

 
 
 
2.2.2. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, 
deposits held on call with banks and other short-
term highly liquid investments with original matur-
ities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts are 
included in current liabilities in the Statement of 
Financial Position.

2.2.3. INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net 
realisable value.  Cost is determined using the 
weighted average method. Net realisable value is 
the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of 
business less applicable variable selling expenses.

The Group identifies the following types of inventories:

—  raw and other materials (including main and 
auxiliary operating supply and materials);  

—  work in progress (including semi finished prod-

ucts);

—  finished goods;

—  other inventories (including fuel, packaging, 

building materials, spare parts, other materials, 
goods of little value and high wear goods).

The cost of finished goods and semi finished prod-
ucts comprises raw materials, direct labour, other 
direct costs and related production overheads (based 
on normal operating capacity) but excludes bor-
rowing costs. The cost of raw materials and other 
inventories comprises all costs of purchase, costs of 
conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the 
inventories to their present location and condition. 

At each reporting date the Group analyses invento-
ries to determine whether they are damaged, obso-
lete or slow-moving or whether their net realisable 
value has declined. The net realisable value is the es-
timated selling price in the ordinary course of busi-
ness, less applicable variable selling expenses. The 
Group periodically checks inventories to determine 
whether they are damaged, obsolete or slow-mov-
ing or if their net realisable value has declined for 
any other reason and reduces accordingly the value 
of inventory to properly reflect in the Consolidated 
Income Statement within Cost of sales.

2.2.4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

(а) Recognition and measurement of property, plant 
and equipment

The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment 
is recognised as an asset only if: it is probable that 
future economic benefits associated with the item 
will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be 
measured reliably  and the entity expects to use the 
items during more than one period (more than 12 
months).

The Group adopts the revaluation model (as defined 
in IAS 16: Property, Plant and Equipment) for all 
classes of assets, except office equipment which is 
carried at cost. Management believes that this policy 
provides more reliable and relevant financial infor-
mation because it better reflects the value in use of 
such assets to the Group.

All significant categories of property, plant and 
equipment are subsequently carried at fair value at 
the date of revaluation, less any subsequent accu-
mulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated 
impairment losses. Changes in fair value are rec-

52

Annual Report 2015

ognised in equity (the “Revaluation reserve”). An 
appropriate transfer is made from the revaluation 
reserve to the retained earnings when assets are ex-
pensed through the income statement (e.g. through 
depreciation, impairment or sale). 

Subsequent costs that increase future economic ben-
efits of the item of property, plant and equipment also 
increase its carrying amount. Otherwise, the Group 
recognises subsequent costs as expenses of the peri-
od in which they were incurred. The Group classifies 
costs, associated with property, plant and equipment, 
for the following categories: repairs and maintenance; 
capital repairs, including modernisation.

(b) Impairment of property, plant and equipment

At each reporting date the Group assesses the 
carrying value of its property, plant and equipment 
to determine whether there is any evidence that the 
assets have lost part of their value as a result of 
impairment. If such evidence exists, the expected 
recoverable amount of such an asset is calculated to 
determine the amount of impairment loss, if any. In 
case it is not practicable to determine the expected 
recoverable amount of a separate asset, the Group 
determines the expected recoverable amount of a 
cash generating unit, to which the asset belongs.

When, according to estimates, the expected recover-
able amount of an asset (or a cash generating unit) 
is lower than its carrying value, the carrying value of 
an asset (or a cash generating unit) is reduced to its 
expected recoverable amount. Impairment losses are 
immediately recognised as expenses, except when 

the asset is carried at revalued price. In such cases, 
the impairment loss is considered as a decrease in 
the revaluation reserve. If the impairment loss is 
subsequently reversed, the asset’s carrying value (or 
a cash generating unit) is increased to the revised 
estimate of its expected recoverable amount. In 
such a case, the increased carrying value should not 
exceed the carrying value that could be determined 
in case the impairment loss for an asset (or a cash 
generating unit) was not recognised in previous 
years. The reversal of the impairment loss is imme-
diately recognised as income.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by 
comparing proceeds with the carrying amount and 
are included in operating profit.

(c) Depreciation and useful life

Depreciation of an asset begins when it becomes 
available for use. Depreciation of an asset terminates 
with the termination of its recognition. Depreciation 
does not terminate when an asset is idle or if it is 
removed from active use and is intended for dispos-
al, unless it is already fully depreciated.

Depreciation is applied to all items of property, plant 
and equipment with the exception of land. The Group 
calculates the depreciation using the straight line 
method to allocate their cost or revalued amounts to 
their residual values over their estimated useful lives. 
As of January 1, 2011 the Group applied the produc-
tion method of depreciation to all production equip-
ment as management considered this method to be 
the most appropriate for the production assets. 

Annual Report 2015

53

Terms of useful lives by groups of property, plant and equipment (except for those depreciated under produc-
tion method) are listed below:

Group of property, plant and equipment  

Buildings  

Plant and machinery  

Vehicles  

Instruments, tools and other equipment  

Useful life

10–50 years

2–20 years

5–12 years

2–20 years 

The assets’ residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation are reviewed at each financial year end 
and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. 

2.2.5. ASSETS UNDER CONSTRUCTION

is initially carried at fair value and subsequently 
amortised. 

Assets under construction are reported at their cost 
of construction including costs charged by third 
parties and the capitalisation of the Group’s material 
costs incurred. No depreciation is charged on assets 
during construction. Upon the completion, the Group 
assesses whether there is any indication that an 
asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, 
the Group performs impairment testing as described 
in note 2.2.20. In case no indication exists that the 
asset may be impaired, all accumulated costs of 
the asset are transferred to the relevant fixed asset 
category and depreciated at applicable rates from the 
time the asset is completed and ready for use.

The Group recognises an item as an intangible asset, 
if it meets the following criteria for recognition: it is 
probable that the Group will receive  future economic 
benefits associated with the asset and costs of the 
asset can be reasonably estimated.

The Group identifies the following types of intangible 
assets:

—  Computer software licenses;  

—  Trademarks;

2.2.6. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

—  The customer list.

(а) Recognition and measurement of intangible 
assets

Intangible assets are recognised at historical cost 
less accumulated amortisation and accumulated im-
pairment losses, except for the customer list which 

Acquired computer software licenses are capitalised 
on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and 
bring to use the specialised software. 

Trademarks are shown at historical cost.

54

Annual Report 2015

The customer list was initially measured at fair value 
at the date of revaluation obtained by using the esti-
mates of the independent valuers.

An intangible asset is derecognised at disposal, 
or when the Group no longer expects receipt from 
this asset of any economic benefits. The profit from 
cancellation or disposal is defined by the difference 
between net proceeds on the sale and the carrying 
value of intangible assets. If the intangible asset is ex-
changed for a similar asset, the value of the acquired 
asset is equal to the value of the disposed asset.

(b) Amortisation and useful life

ferred, the liabilities incurred to the former owners 
of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the 
group. The consideration transferred includes the fair 
value of any asset or liability resulting from a contin-
gent consideration arrangement.  Acquisition-related 
costs are expensed as incurred.

When the Group acquires a business, it assesses the 
financial assets and liabilities assumed for appropri-
ate classification and designation in accordance with 
the contractual terms, economic circumstances and 
pertinent conditions as at the acquisition date. This 
includes the separation of embedded derivatives in 
host contracts by the acquiree.

Costs of computer software licenses are amortised 
over their estimated useful lives using the straight-
line method (1-10 years). The amortisation expense 
is included within Administrative expenses in the 
Consolidated Income Statement.

If the business combination is achieved in stages, 
the acquisition date fair value of the acquirer’s previ-
ously held equity interest in the acquiree is remeas-
ured to fair value as at the acquisition date through 
profit and loss.

Trademarks have finite useful lives and are carried at 
cost less accumulated amortisation. Amortisation is 
calculated using the straight-line method to allocate 
the cost of trademarks over their estimated useful 
lives (12-20 years). The amortisation expense is 
included within Selling and Distribution expenses in 
the Consolidated Income Statement. 

Amortisation is calculated using the straight-line 
method to allocate the cost of the customer list over 
its estimated useful life (20 years). The amortisation 
expense is included in Other operating expenses in 
the Consolidated Income Statement.

(c) Business combinations and goodwill

The consideration transferred for the acquisition 
of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets trans-

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the 
acquirer will be recognised at fair value at the acqui-
sition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of 
the contingent consideration which is deemed to be 
an asset or liability, will be recognised in accordance 
with IAS 39 ‘’Financial Instruments: Recognition and 
Measurement” either in profit or loss or as change 
to other comprehensive income. If the contingent 
consideration is classified as equity, it shall not be 
remeasured until it is finally settled within equity.

Goodwill is initially measured at cost being the 
excess of the consideration transferred over the 
Group’s net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed. If this consideration is lower than the fair 
value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the 
difference is recognised in profit or loss. 

Annual Report 2015

55

Goodwill is not amortised but is subject to testing for 
impairment as at the reporting date or more fre-
quently, if events or changes in circumstances indi-
cate the possibility of reducing its usefulness. At the 
acquisition date, goodwill is allocated to each asset 
or group of assets that generate cash, and benefits 
from which are expected to be received upon con-
solidation. The amount of impairment is determined 
by assessing the recoverable amount, which may be 
obtained for a cash generating asset (group of cash 
generating assets) to which goodwill relates. Where 
the recoverable amount is less than the book value 
of cash generating asset (group of cash generating 
assets), impairment is recognised.

in an active market. They arise principally through 
the provision of goods and services to customers 
(trade receivables), but also incorporate other types 
of contractual monetary asset. They are carried at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method 
less any impairment.

From time to time, the Group may renegotiate the 
terms of trade receivables due from customers with 
which it has previously had a good trading history. 
Such renegotiations will lead to changes in the timing 
of payments rather than changes to the amounts owed 
and, in consequence, the new expected cash flows are 
discounted at the original effective interest rate.

2.2.7. FINANCIAL ASSETS

(iii) Financial assets held to maturity

The Group classifies its financial assets as: financial 
assets at fair value through profit or loss, loans and 
receivables, held-to-maturity investments, available 
for-sale financial assets. Management determines 
the classification of financial assets at initial rec-
ognition and re-evaluates this designation at every 
reporting date.

The Group has not classified any of its financial 
assets as held to maturity.

(iiii) Available-for-sale (AFS) financial assets

The Group has not classified any of its financial 
assets as AFS.

(і) Financial assets at fair value through profit or 
loss

(а) Initial recognition

This category comprises only “in-the-money” deriva-
tives. They are carried at the reporting date at fair val-
ue with changes in fair value recognised in the income 
statement. The Group does not have any assets held 
for trading nor does it voluntarily classify any financial 
assets as being at fair value through profit or loss.

(іі) Loans and receivables

These assets are non-derivative financial assets with 
fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted 

Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss 
are initially recorded at fair value. All other financial 
assets are initially recorded at fair value plus trans-
action costs. Fair value at initial recognition is best 
evidenced by the transaction price. A gain or loss 
on initial recognition is only recorded if there is a 
difference between fair value and transaction price 
which can be evidenced by other observable current 
market transactions in the same instrument or by a 
valuation technique whose inputs include only data 
from observable markets.

56

Annual Report 2015

All purchases and sales of financial instruments that 
require delivery within the time frame established 
by regulation or market convention (“regular way” 
purchases and sales) are recorded at trade date, 
which is the date that the Group commits to deliv-
er a financial instrument. All other purchases and 
sales are recognised on the settlement date with the 
change in value between the commitment date and 
settlement date not recognised for assets carried at 
cost or amortised cost; recognised in the income 
statement for trading investments; and recognised in 
equity for assets classified as available-for-sale.

(b) Fair value estimation principles

Fair value of financial instruments is based at their 
market value, established at the reporting date, less 
transaction costs. If market value is not available, fair 
value of the instrument is determined by means of 
pricing and discounted cash flow models.

If a discounted cash flow model is applied, the de-
termination of future cash flows is based on optimal 
management estimations and the discounting rate is 
market rate for similar financial instruments predom-
inated as at reporting date. If the price model is used 
entering figures are based on average market data 
predominated as at reporting date.

(c) Subsequent measurement

Subsequent to initial recognition all financial assets 
at fair value through profit or loss and all availa-
ble-for-sale instruments are measured at fair value, 
except that any instrument that does not have a 
quoted market price in an active market and whose 
fair value cannot be reliably measured is stated at 
cost, including transaction costs, less impairment 
losses.

Loans and receivables are measured at amortised 
cost less impairment losses. amortised cost is 
calculated using the effective interest rate method. 
Premiums and discounts, including initial transac-
tion costs, are included in the carrying amount of 
the related instrument and amortised based on the 
effective interest rate of the instrument.

(d) Impairment of financial assets

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether 
there is any objective evidence that a financial asset 
or a group of financial assets is impaired. A financial 
asset or a group of financial assets is deemed to be 
impaired if, and only if, there is objective evidence 
of impairment as a result of one or more events that 
has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset 
(an incurred ‘loss event’) and that loss event has 
an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the 
financial asset or the group of financial assets that 
can be reliably estimated. Evidence of impairment 
may include indications that the debtors or a group 
of debtors is experiencing significant financial diffi-
culty, default or delinquency in interest or principal 
payments, the probability that they will enter bank-
ruptcy or other financial reorganisation and where 
observable data indicates that there is a measurable 
decrease in the estimated future cash flows, such 
as changes in arrears or economic conditions that 
correlate with defaults.

(e) Derecognition

Financial assets are derecognised when the rights 
to receive cash flows from the financial assets have 
expired or where the Group has transferred substan-
tially all risks and rewards of ownership. 

Annual Report 2015

57

2.2.8. FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

The Group classifies its financial liabilities into cate-
gories depending on the purpose for which the liabil-
ity was acquired. The Group has not classified any of 
its liabilities at fair value through profit and loss. 

Borrowings and liabilities initially recognised at 
fair value less transaction costs, are subsequently 
measured at amortised cost; any difference between 
the amount of received resources and the sum of 
repayment is represented as interest cost using  the 
effective interest rate method during the period, 
when borrowings were received.

Financial liabilities held at amortised cost include the 
following items: 

(c) Derecognition

Trade payables and other short-term monetary liabil-
ities, which are recognised at amortised cost.

A financial liability is derecognised when the obli-
gation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or 
expires.

Bank borrowings, overdrafts, promissory notes and 
bonds issued by the Group are initially carried at 
fair value, being the  amount advanced net of any 
transaction costs directly attributable to the issue of 
the instrument.  Such interest bearing liabilities are 
subsequently measured at amortised cost using the 
effective interest rate method, which ensures that 
any interest expense over the period to repayment is 
at a constant rate on the balance of the liability car-
ried in the balance sheet.  “Interest expense” in this 
context includes initial transaction costs and interest 
payable on redemption, as well as any interest or 
coupon payable while the liability is outstanding.

(а) Initial recognition

Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair 
value, adjusted in case of borrowings for directly 
attributable transaction expenses.

(b) Subsequent measurement

Trade and other accounts payable initially recognised 
at fair value, are subsequently accounted for at am-
ortised cost at effective interest rate method.

2.2.9. SHARE CAPITAL

The ordinary shares are classified as share capital. 
The difference between the fair value of considera-
tion received and the nominal value of issued share 
capital is recognised as share premium. 

2.2.10. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is proba-
ble that the economic benefits will flow to the Group 
and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue 
is measured simultaneously with an increase in asset 
or decrease in liabilities, which causes the increase 
in shareholders’ equity (excluding the capital in-
crease through contributions from members of the 
enterprise), provided that the amount of income can 
be reasonably estimated. Revenue is reflected in the 
amount of the fair value of assets received.

Revenue is the amount of cash or cash equivalents 
received or receivable. However, in case of delay in 
receipt of cash or cash equivalents, the fair value of 
the consideration may be less than received or the 
nominal amount of cash expected to be received.  

58

Annual Report 2015

When the arrangement effectively constitutes a 
financing transaction, the fair value of the con-
sideration is determined by discounting all future 
receipts using an imputed rate of interest. Revenue 
(proceeds) from sale of products (goods, works and 
services) is not corrected by an amount of related 
doubtful and uncollectible receivables. The amount 
of such debt is recognised as expenses of the Group.

Revenue comprises the invoiced value of sales of 
goods and services net of value added tax, rebates 
and discounts after eliminating sales within the 
Group. Revenues and expenses are recognised on an 
accruals basis. 

(а) Revenue from sale of goods (products)

Revenue from the sale of goods (products) is recog-
nised when all the following conditions are satisfied:

—  the significant risks and rewards of ownership of 

the goods have passed to the buyer;

—  the Group is no longer involved in the manage-

ment to the extent that is usually associated with 
ownership, and has no control over the goods 
sold;

—  the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

—  it is probable that the economic benefits associ-
ated with the transaction will flow to the Group; 
and

—  the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of 

the transaction can be measured reliably.

(b) Revenue from rendering of services

The revenue from rendering of services is recog-
nised when all the following conditions are satisfied:

—  the amount of revenue can be reliably measured;

—  inflow of economic benefits related to the trans-

action is probable;

—  the stage of completion of the transaction at the 
end of the reporting period can be measured 
reliably; and

—  the costs incurred for the transaction and the 

costs to complete the transaction can be meas-
ured reliably.

2.2.11. EXPENSES RECOGNITION

Expenses are recognised by the Group when the 
following conditions are met: the amount of expens-
es can be reliably measured, it is probable that future 
economic, outflow will occur.

Expenses which can not be related directly to a gain 
in a certain period, are shown as a part of expenses 
of the period they were incurred in.

If an asset provides economic benefits receivable 
during several reporting periods, expenses are cal-
culated by allocating its value on a systematic basis 
over respective reporting periods.

Writing off of deferred expenses is made on a 
straight-line basis within the periods to which they 
relate, during which the receipt of economic benefits 
is expected. 

Expenses which were incurred in the reporting peri-
od but relate to production of semi-finished products 

Annual Report 2015

59

which will be further processed to finished goods 
and sold in future reporting periods, are accounted 
for in the current period in the item “Work-in-pro-
gress”, included within  “Inventories” in  the Consoli-
dated Statement of Financial Position.

Current tax is the amount of income tax payable/
recoverable in respect of taxable profit/tax loss for 
the period determined in accordance with rules 
established by the tax authorities in respect of which 
income tax shall be paid/refundable.

2.2.12. FINANCIAL EXPENSES

Interest expenses and other costs on borrowings 
to finance construction or production of qualifying 
assets are capitalized during the period of time 
that is required to complete and prepare the asset 
for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are 
expensed. Net financial expenses are recorded in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

2.2.13. VALUE ADDED TAX

VAT is levied at two rates: 20% on Ukrainian domes-
tic sales and imports of goods, works and services 
and, 0% on export of goods and provision of works 
or services to be used outside Ukraine.

VAT output equals the total amount of VAT collected 
within a reporting period, and arises on the earlier of 
the date of shipping goods to a customer or the date 
of receiving payment from the customer. VAT input is 
the amount that a taxpayer is entitled to offset against 
their VAT liability in the reporting period. Rights to 
VAT input arise on the earlier of the date of payment 
to the supplier or the date goods are received.

2.2.14. TAX

Taxation has been provided for in the financial 
statements in accordance with relevant legislation 
currently in force. The charge for taxation in the Con-
solidated Income Statement for the year comprises 
current tax and changes in deferred tax.

Current tax liabilities and assets are measured at the 
amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the 
taxation authorities, using the tax rates and laws that 
have been enacted, or substantively enacted, by the 
reporting date.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated in 
respect of temporary differences using the liability 
method. Deferred income taxes are provided on all 
temporary differences arising between the tax bases 
of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts 
for financial reporting purposes, except in situations 
where the deferred tax arising on initial recognition 
of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction 
that is not a deal to merge companies and which, at 
the time of its commission, has no effect on ac-
counting or taxable profit or loss.

Assessment of deferred tax liabilities and deferred 
tax assets reflects the tax consequences that would 
arise depending on the ways in which the Group as-
sumes the reporting date of realisation or settlement 
of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent 
to which there is a substantial probability that future 
taxable profit, which may be reduced by the amount 
of deductible temporary differences, will be received. 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at 
tax rates, the use of which is expected in the period 
of the asset or liability is settled, based on the pro-
visions of the legislation enacted, or declared (and 
practically adopted) at that date.

60

Annual Report 2015

Deferred income taxes are recognised for all tem-
porary differences associated with investments in 
subsidiaries and associated companies and joint 
activities, except in cases where the Group controls 
the timing of the reversal of temporary differences, 
and where there is a significant probability that the 
temporary difference will not will be reduced in the 
foreseeable future.

The Group reviews the carrying amount of deferred 
tax assets at each reporting date and reduces it to 
the extent to which there is no longer the probability 
that there will be sufficient taxable profits, which 
allow to realise the benefits of part or all of this 
deferred tax asset. Any such reduction is restored 
to the extent to which there is the likelihood that 
sufficient taxable profit is accrued.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

2.2.15. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

Where share options are awarded to employees, 
the fair value of the options at the date of grant is 
charged to the income statement over the vesting 
period. Where the terms and conditions of options are 
modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value 
of the options, measured immediately before and 
after the modification, is also charged to the income 
statement over the remaining vesting period. Where 
equity instruments are granted to persons other than 
employees, the income statement is charged with the 
fair value of goods and services received. Where fair 
value of goods and services received from persons 
other than employees is difficult to identify, the fair 
value of the instruments granted is charged to the in-
come statement over the vesting period. The fair value 
of options to be expensed is determined on the basis 
of adjusted Black-Scholes model as set out in note 28. 

2.16. SHORT-TERM EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Short-term employee benefits are recognised in the pe-
riod in which an employee has rendered service to the 
Group. The Group recognises the undiscounted amount 
of short-term employee benefits a liability (accrued 
expense), after deducting any amount already paid.

2.2.17. PENSION COSTS

The Group contributes to the Ukrainian mandatory 
state pension scheme, social insurance and employ-
ment funds in respect of its employees. The Group’s 
pension scheme contributions are expensed as in-
curred and are included in staff costs. The Group does 
not operate any other pension schemes.

2.2.18. SHARE ISSUE COSTS

All qualifying transaction costs in respect of the issue 
of shares are accounted for as a deduction from share 
premium, net of any related tax deduction. Qualify-
ing transaction costs include the costs of preparing 
the prospectus, accounting, tax and legal expenses, 
underwriting fees and valuation fees in respect of the 
shares and of other assets.

2.2.19. LEASES

A lease is classified as a finance lease if it transfers 
substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to 
ownership. Leases other than finance leases are clas-
sified as operating leases.

(а) Group as a lessee

Operating lease expenses are recognised as expenses 
in the period to which they relate, on a straight-line 
basis over the lease period.

Annual Report 2015

61

(b) Group as a lessor

Operating lease income is recognised in “Revenue” as 
income in the period to which it relates, over the lease 
term on a systematic and rational basis.

of expected recovery. Losses from impairment are 
recognised as expenses directly in the Consolidated 
Statement of Comprehensive Income.

2.2.21. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND ASSETS

2.2.20.  IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS 

In respect of all assets, except for inventories, as-
sets resulting from advances to employees, financial 
assets, and assets held for trading, the Group con-
ducts the following procedures ensuring accounting 
for these assets at an amount, not exceeding their 
recoverable amount:

—  at each reporting date the condition of these 

assets is analyzed for impairment. 

Contingent liabilities are potential liabilities of the 
Group arising from past events the existence of which 
will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-oc-
currence of one or more future events, which are not 
under the complete control of the Group, or current 
obligations resulting from past events are not recog-
nised in the financial reporting in connection with the 
fact that the Group does not consider an outflow of 
resources embodying economic benefits, and required 
to settle liabilities as probable, or the value of liabilities 
can not be reliably determined.

—  in case any impairment indicators exist, the 

amount of expected recovery of such asset is 
calculated to determine the amount of losses from 
impairment, if any. If it is impossible to determine 
the amount of losses from impairment of a sep-
arate asset, the Group determines the amount of 
estimated impairment of the cash-generating unit, 
to which the asset belongs.

The amount of expected recovery is the higher of two 
estimates: net selling price and “value in use” of the 
asset. In estimating value in use of asset, estimated 
future cash flows are discounted to their current value 
using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current mar-
ket estimates of time value of money and risks related 
to the asset.

If according to estimates the amount of expected 
recovery of assets (or a cash-generating unit) is 
less than its book value, the book value of asset (or 
a cash-generating unit) is reduced to the amount 

The Group does not recognise contingent liabilities in 
the financial statements. The Group discloses infor-
mation about contingent liabilities in the notes to the 
financial statements except when the probability of 
outflow of resources required to settle the obligation, 
is unlikely.

Contingent assets are not recognised in the consoli-
dated financial statements, but disclosed in the Notes 
where there is a sufficient probability of future eco-
nomic benefits.

2.2.22. RELATED PARTIES

Parties are considered to be related if one of the 
parties has a possibility to control or considerably 
influence the operational and financial decisions of 
another company, which is defined in IAS 24 “Related 
Party Disclosures”. 

62

Annual Report 2015

While considering any relationship which can be 
defined as a related party transaction, the Group takes 
into consideration the substance of the transaction not 
just its legal form.

The Group classifies the related parties according to 
existing criteria in the following categories:

а)  companies that directly or indirectly, through one 
or more intermediaries, exercise control over the 
Group, are controlled by it, or together with it are 
under common control (this includes holding 
companies, subsidiaries and fellow subsidiaries of 
the parent company);

b)  associates are companies whose activities are sig-
nificantly influenced by the Group, but are neither 
subsidiaries, nor joint ventures of the investor;

c) 

individuals, directly or indirectly holding ordinary 
shares that give them a possibility to significantly 
influence the Group’s activities;

d)  key management personnel are persons having 
authority and responsibility for planning, man-
aging and controlling the activities of the Group, 
including directors and senior officials (as well as 
the non-executive director and close relatives of 
these individuals); and

e)  companies, large blocks of shares with voting 

rights of which are owned directly or indirectly by 
any person described in paragraphs (c) or (d), or 
a person influenced significantly by such persons. 
This includes enterprises owned by directors or 
major shareholders of the Group, and companies 
which have a common key management member 
with the Group. 

2.2.23. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell 
an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an order-
ly transaction between market participants at the 
measurement date. The fair value measurement is 
based on the presumption that the transaction to sell 
the asset or transfer the liability takes place either in 
the principal market for the asset or liability, or in the 
absence of a principal market, in the most advanta-
geous market for the asset or liability. The principal or 
the most advantageous market must be accessible to 
the Group.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset 
takes into account a market participant’s ability to 
generate economic benefits by using the asset in its 
highest and best use or by selling it to another market 
participant that would use the asset in its highest and 
best use.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is meas-
ured or disclosed in the financial statements are 
categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described 
as follows, based on the lowest level input that is 
significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

•   Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in 
active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•   Level 2: Valuation techniques for which the lowest 
level input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

• 

Level 3: Valuation techniques for which the lowest 
level input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement is unobservable.

Annual Report 2015

63

2.2.24. DIVIDENDS

Equity dividends are recognised in the consolidat-
ed financial statements when they become legally 
payable. Interim dividends are recognised when they 
are paid. In the case of final dividends, this is when 
approved by the shareholders at the AGM.

3.SIGNIFICANT 
ACCOUNTING 
JUDGEMENTS, 
ESTIMATES AND 
ASSUMPTIONS

The preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial 
statements requires management to make judg-
ments, estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and 
liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, 
at the end of the reporting period. However, uncer-
tainty about these assumptions and estimates could 
result in outcomes that require a material adjustment 
to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affect-
ed in future periods.

In the process of applying the Group’s accounting 
policies, management has made the following judg-
ments, which have the most significant effect on the 
amounts recognised in the financial statements:

(а) Estimates of fair value of property, plant and 
equipment based on revaluation

The Group is required, periodically as determined by 
the directors, to conduct revaluations of its property, 
plant and equipment. Such revaluations are conduct-
ed by independent valuers who employ the valuation 
methods in accordance with International Valuation 
Standards such as cost method, comparison (mar-
ket) method and revenue (income) method.

(b) Useful lives of intangible assets and property, 
plant and equipment 

Intangible assets and property, plant and equip-
ment are amortised or depreciated over their useful 
lives. Useful lives are based on the management’s 
estimates of the period that the assets will generate 
revenue, which are periodically reviewed for contin-
ued appropriateness. Due to the long life of certain 
assets, changes to the estimates used can result in 
significant variations in the carrying value. Further 
information is contained in notes 14 and 15.

(c) Impairment of goodwill

The Group is required to test, on an annual basis, 
whether goodwill has suffered any impairment. The 
recoverable amount is determined based on value in 
use calculations. The use of this method requires the 
estimation of future cash flows and the choice of a 
discount rate in order to calculate the present value 
of the cash flows. Actual outcomes may vary. Further 
information is contained in note 15. 

(d) Inventory

The Group reviews the net realisable value of, and 
demand for, its inventory on a quarterly basis to en-
sure recorded inventory is stated at the lower of cost 
or net realisable value. Factors that could impact 
estimated demand and selling prices are the timing 

64

Annual Report 2015

and success of future technological innovations, 
competitor actions, supplier prices and economic 
trends. Further information is contained in note 17.

(e) Legal proceedings

In accordance with IFRS the Group only recognis-
es a provision where there is a present obligation 
from a past event, a transfer of economic benefits 
is probable and the amount of costs of the transfer 
can be estimated reliably. In instances where the 
criteria are not met, a contingent liability may be 
disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. 
Realisation of any contingent liabilities not currently 
recognised or disclosed in the financial statements 
could have a material effect on the Group’s financial 
position. Application of these accounting principles 
to legal cases requires the Group’s management 
to make determinations about various factual and 
legal matters beyond its control. The Group reviews 
outstanding legal cases following developments in 
the legal proceedings and at each reporting date, in 
order to assess the need for provisions in its finan-
cial statements. Among the factors considered in 
making decisions on provisions are the nature of 
litigation, claim or assessment, the legal process and 
potential level of damages in the jurisdiction in which 
the litigation, claim or assessment has been brought, 
the progress of the case (including the progress after 
the date of the financial statements but before those 
statements are issued), the opinions or views of 
legal advisers, experience on similar cases and any 
decision of the Group’s management as to how it will 
respond to the litigation, claim or assessment.

(f) Income taxes

The Group is subject to income tax in several ju-
risdictions and significant judgment is required in 

determining the provision for income taxes. During 
the ordinary course of business, there are many 
transactions and calculations for which the ulti-
mate tax determination is uncertain. As a result, the 
Group recognises tax liabilities based on estimates 
of whether additional taxes and interest will be due. 
These tax liabilities are recognised when, despite 
the Group’s belief that its tax return positions are 
supportable, the Group believes that certain posi-
tions are likely to be challenged and may not be fully 
sustained upon review by tax authorities. The Group 
believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are ade-
quate for all open audit years based on its assess-
ment of many factors including past experience and 
interpretations of tax law. This assessment relies on 
estimates and assumptions and may involve a series 
of complex judgments about future events. To the 
extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is 
different than the amounts recorded, such differenc-
es will impact income tax expense in the period in 
which such determination is made. Further informa-
tion is contained in notes 13 and 16.

(g) Quality claims

The Group supplies consumers and industrial cus-
tomers in Ukraine with dairy products manufactured 
in accordance with the current laws, food safety 
standards and technical requirements of the relevant 
Ukrainian authorities. The Group voluntarily applies 
non-domestic standards – ISO and HASSP – to 
some of the Group’s operations. For the industrial 
customers both domestically and outside of Ukraine, 
the food products are manufactured to the technical 
specifications agreed with the buyers in advance of 
the sale. In instances where the quality criteria and/
or technical specifications are not met or the delivery 
of products are made close to expiry date, a quality 
claim may arise and the corresponding contingent 

Annual Report 2015

65

liability may be disclosed in the notes to the finan-
cial statements. Realisation of any such contingent 
liabilities not currently recognised or disclosed in the 
financial statements could have a material effect on 
the Group’s financial position. Application of these 
accounting principles to quality claims requires the 
Group’s management to make determinations about 
the future matters that may, at the time of determi-
nation, be beyond management’s control. Among the 
factors considered in making decisions on quality 
claims provisions are: the nature of the claim, the 
quantifiable variances in quality giving rise to a 
claim, the potential loss from satisfying the claim 
and any decision of the Group’s management as to 
how it will respond to the claim.

4.ADOPTION OF NEW 
AND REVISED IFRS

4.1. NEW AND AMENDED STANDARDS AND 
INTERPRETATIONS

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with 
those of the previous financial year, except for the 
following new and amended IFRS effective as of 1 
January 2015:

Adoption of new and revised International Financial 
Reporting Standards

The following standards were adopted by the Group 
on 1 January 2015:

—   Amendments to IFRSs — “Annual Improve-

ments to IFRSs 2010–2012 Cycle”

—  Amendments to IFRSs — “Annual Improvements 

to IFRSs 2011–2013 Cycle”

The adoption of new or revised standards did not 
have any effect on the consolidated financial position 
or performance of the Group and any disclosures in 
the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Standards and Interpretations in issue  
but not effective

At the date of authorization of these consolidated 
financial statements, the following Standards and

Interpretations, as well as amendments to the Stand-
ards were in issue but not yet effective:

Standards and Interpretations.

Effective for annual period beginning on or after.

66

Annual Report 2015

IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” 

Not yet adopted in the EU

IFRS 15 “Revenue from contracts with customers”                                                                              
including amendments to IFRS 15: Effective date of IFRS 15          Not yet adopted in the EU

IFRS 14 “Regulatory Deferral Accounts”  

IFRS 16 “Leases”  

Not yet adopted in the EU

Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendment to IFRS 10, IFRS 12 and IAS 28:                                                                                        
Investment Entities: Applying the consolidation exception              Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28: Sale or Contribution of                                                              
Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture      Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IAS 12: Recognition of Deferred                                                                                 
Tax Assets for Unrealised Losses 

                   Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IAS 7: Disclosure Initiative   

Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IAS 27: Equity Method                                                                                                   
in Separate Financial Statements    

                   Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IAS 1: Disclosure Initiative  

Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38: Clarification of                                                                              
Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and Amortisation                   Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IFRS 11: Accounting for                                                                                                
acquisitions of Interests in Joint Ventures  

                   Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 41: Bearer plants   

Not yet adopted in the EU

Amendments to IFRSs — “Annual Improvements                                                                                    
to IFRSs 2012–2014 Cycle”   

                   Not yet adopted in the EU

Management is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” and IFRS 16 
“Leases”. For other Standards and Interpretations management anticipates that their adoption in future peri-
ods will not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Group in future period.

Annual Report 2015

67

5. FINANCIAL RISK 
MANAGEMENT

a) Principal financial instruments 

The principal financial instruments used by the Group, 
from which financial instrument risk arises, are as 
follows:

The principal risks facing the Group’s business are 
credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk, including 
fair value or cash flow interest-rate risk and foreign 
exchange risk.  The main purpose of the Group’s 
risk management programme is to evaluate, monitor 
and manage these risks and to minimise potential 
adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance 
and shareholders. The Chief Executive Officer of the 
Group is in charge of risk management and intro-
duction of all policies as approved by the Board of 
Directors. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

trade and other receivables;

loans issued;

cash and cash equivalents;

bank loans and overdrafts;

trade and other payables.

The principal financial instruments are as follows:

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

FINANCIAL ASSETS

Loans and receivables:

— trade and other receivables (excluding non-financial assets) 

1 322 

— cash and cash equivalents 

— other financial assets 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

Held at amortised cost:

— non-current bank loans 

— current bank loans 

— overdrafts 

— trade and other payables (excluding non-financial liabilities) 

68

Annual Report 2015

93 

11 

1 426 

3 206 

3 060 

61 

1 239 

7 566 

3 080 

215

108

3 403

4 728 

2 110 

344 

2 311 

9 493

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) General objectives, policies and processes

The Group’s overall risk management programme 
recognises the unpredictability of financial markets 
and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the 
Group’s financial performance. Risk management is 
carried out by the Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) 
under policies approved by the Board of Directors 
(the “Board”). The Group CEO identifies and evaluates 
financial risks in close co-operation with the Group’s 
operating units. The Board provides broad guidance 
and operating principles for overall risk management, 
as well as written policies covering specific areas, 
such as foreign exchange risk, interest-rate risk, credit 
risk, and investing excess liquidity.

The Board has overall responsibility for the determi-
nation of the Group’s risk management objectives and 
polices and, whilst retaining ultimate responsibility for 
them, it has delegated the authority for designing and 
operating processes that ensure the effective imple-
mentation of the objectives and policies to the group’s 
finance function. The Board receives monthly updates 
from Head of Internal Audit through which it reviews 
the effectiveness of the processes put in place and the 
appropriateness of the objectives and policies it sets. 
The Group’s internal operating auditors review the risk 
management policies and processes and report their 
findings to CEO and the Audit Committee, if and when 
necessary. The overall objective of the Board is to 
set polices that seek to reduce risk as far as possible 
without unduly affecting the Group’s competitiveness 
and flexibility. Further details regarding these policies 
are laid out below.

(c) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not be 
able to meet its obligations in full when due. Ukrprod-

uct Group is mainly exposed to credit risk from credit 
sales to customers in Ukraine. The Group manages its 
credit risk through the Group’s risk assessment policy 
by evaluating each new customer before signing a 
contract using the following criteria: trading history 
and the strength of own balance sheet. The Group 
attempts to reduce credit risk by conducting periodic 
reviews which includes obtaining external ratings and 
in certain cases bank references. 

According to the Group’s risk assessment policy, 
implemented locally, every new customer is appraised 
before entering contracts; trading history and the 
strength of the own balance sheet being the main 
indicators of creditworthiness. While starting the com-
mercial relationship with the Group, a new customer 
is offered the terms that are substantially tighter 
than those for the existing customers and stipulate, 
as a rule, the cash-on-delivery payments terms and 
no-returns policy (quality-related claims exempted).  If 
the relationship progresses successfully, the terms are 
gradually relaxed to fall in line with the Group’s normal 
business practices and local specifics as required 
by the market. The Group’s periodic review includes 
external ratings, when available, and in some cases 
bank references. Purchase limits are established for 
each customer, which represents the maximum open 
amount without requiring approval from the CEO. 
These limits are reviewed quarterly. Customers that 
fail to meet the Group’s benchmark creditworthiness 
may transact with the Group on a prepayment basis 
only.

Quantitative disclosures of the credit risk exposure 
in relation to Trade and other receivables, which are 
neither past due nor impaired, are made in note 18. 
The Group does not rate trade receivables by category 
or recoverability as the Group’s historical default rates 
have been negligible in the past (less than 0.01%); 

Annual Report 2015

69

essentially all trade receivables due to the Group had 
been recovered. In the future, the default rate on trade 
receivables overdue is expected to remain stable or 
even fall because in Ukraine the Group deals increas-
ingly with the modern-format retailers whose cred-
itworthiness is conducive to the payment discipline 
required by the Group.

Maximum exposure to the Trade and other receivables 
component of credit risk at the reporting date is the 
fair value of Trade and other receivables. There is no 
collateral held as security or other credit enhance-
ments.  

The Group’s credit controllers monitor the utilisation 
of the credit limits on a daily basis by customer and 
apply the delivery stop orders immediately if the indi-
vidual limits are exceeded. The Group’s procedure for 
recovery of the trade receivables past due includes the 
following steps: 

—  identification of the date and exact amount of 

the receivable past due, termination of all further 
deliveries and forwarding to the customer of the 
details of the amount due and the notice of the 
failure to pay — 3 days after the past due date;

—  delivery to the customer of the formal claim for 

the amount overdue and the visit of the represent-

ative of the commercial credit control department 
to the customer premises — 2 weeks thereafter; 

—  filing a claim to the commercial court for repay-
ment of the amount overdue and late payment 
fees — 2 weeks thereafter; 

—  obtaining a court order for repayment of the 

amount due and collaboration with bailiff — 2 
weeks thereafter. 

As a result of the credit control and risk assessment 
procedures, the Group does not expect any significant 
losses from non-performance by the counterparties 
at the reporting date from any of the financial instru-
ments currently employed in the business.

Credit risk also arises from cash and cash equivalents 
and deposits with banks and financial institutions. The 
Group reviews the banks and financial institutions it 
deals with to ensure that standards of credit worthi-
ness are maintained.

Maximum exposure to the cash and cash equivalents 
and deposits with banks and financial institutions 
component of credit risk at the reporting date is the 
fair value of the cash balances due from such banks 
and financial institutions. There is no collateral held as 
security or other credit enhancements.  

70

Annual Report 2015

Cash at bank and short term deposits are kept on the accounts in the following banks:

Bank 

JSC OTP Bank 
Bank of Cyprus 
PJSC Raiffeisen Bank Aval 
Other 
UBS AG 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
Rating 
Baa1 
Caa2 
Caa3 
Caa3 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
Rating 
A2 
Caa3 
Caa3 
Caa2 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 
52 
29 
6 
4 
— 
91 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000
116
88 
—
3
4  
211

The Group uses Moody’s ratings. 

The Group does not enter into derivatives to manage 
credit risk, although in certain isolated cases may 
take steps to mitigate such risks if it is sufficiently 
concentrated.

The Group is also exposed to a credit risk with 
regard to loans issued to third parties, related parties 
and employees. This risk is considered to be low and 
is managed according to the Group’s risk assess-
ment policy.

The Group’s exposure to credit risk, where the carrying value of financial assets is unsecured,  
is as shown below:

Year ended 
31.12.2015, £’000 
Carrying Value 

Year ended 
31.12.2015, £’000 
Maximum exposure 
(unsecured) 

Year ended 
31.12.2014, £’000  31.12.2014, £’000 
Carrying Value 

Year ended 

Maximum exposure 
(unsecured)

Trade receivables 

1 313 

Loans issued 

11 

1 324 

1 313 

11 

1 324 

3 039 

108 

3 147 

3 039  

108 

3 147 

(d) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is a function of the possible difficulty 
to be encountered in raising funds to meet financial 
obligations. The Group’s policy is to ensure that 
it will always have sufficient cash to enable it to 
meet its obligations as they fall due by maintaining 

the minimum cash balances and agreed overdraft 
facilities. The Group also seeks to reduce liquidity 
risk by fixing interest rates and hence cash flows on 
substantially all of its borrowings.

The Group’s operating divisions (plants) have dif-
ferent liquidity requirement profiles. As the Group’s 

Annual Report 2015

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
products have short- and long-cycled production, 
the liquidity risk of each plant is monitored and 
managed centrally by the Group Treasury function. 
Each plant has a cash facility based on cash budg-
ets with the Group Treasury. The cash budgets are 
set locally and agreed by the CEO in advance. The 
main element of the Group’s liquidity management 
is to reduce liquidity risk by fixing interest rates and 
hence cash flows on substantially all of its long-term 
borrowings.

The CEO (and the Board, if requested) receives rolling 
quarterly cash flow projections on a monthly basis as 
well as information regarding the daily cash balances 
at each plant and overall. In the ordinary course of 
business, the Group relies on a combination of the 
available overdraft facilities and cash balances to fund 
the on-going liquidity needs. Capital expenditures are 
usually funded through longer-term bank loans. In 
case of the inadequate cash balances and the over-
draft facilities close to the agreed ceilings, the Group 
is expected to revert to the emergency funding made 
available through temporary freeze to the current 
portion of capital spending, immediate operating 
cost reductions, postponement of payments to the 
third parties, and expansion of the overdraft ceilings. 
Although undesirable and never occurring in the past, 
such emergency funding is the last resort on which 
the Group may have to draw while ensuring the ongo-
ing continuity of the business.  

Maturities of the Group’s financial instruments are 
disclosed further in the notes 18, 25 of these finan-
cial statements.   

(e) Market risk

Market risk may arise from the Group’s use of inter-
est bearing, tradable and foreign currency financial 

instruments. Market risk comprises fair value inter-
est rate risk, foreign exchange risk and commodity 
price risk and is further assessed below:

(i) Cash flow and fair value interest-rate risk

As the Group has no significant interest-bearing 
assets, the Group’s income and operating cash flows 
are substantially independent of changes in market 
interest rates. The Group’s interest-rate risk arises 
only from overdrafts, and is considered to be insig-
nificant. The Group analyses the interest rate expo-
sure on a monthly basis.

A sensitivity analysis is performed by applying 
various interest rate scenarios to the borrowings. A 
change of interest rate by 7 percentage points (being 
the maximum reasonably possible expectation of 
changes in interest rates) would cause a change 
in interest expense by GBP 75,624 (2014: GBP 
505,610).

(ii) Foreign exchange risk

All of the Group’s production facilities are located 
in Ukraine and the Board believes that the foreign 
exchange risk is minimal in this regard. The Group’s 
international operations consist primarily of the 
export of skimmed milk powder, bulk and spreads 
to the various markets around the world. The pri-
mary currency for export sales is the US Dollar. 
The Group’s established corporate policy towards 
minimising the potential foreign exchange risk is to 
require the customers to pay for the export ship-
ments of the skimmed milk powders in full and in 
advance. The Group’s purchases of the raw milk, 
semi-processed materials and other components of 
the manufacturing cost are made in Ukraine and are 
entirely Hryvnia-denominated. All outstanding bal-

72

Annual Report 2015

ances of trade payables by the Group are in Hryvnias. 
Currency analysis is provided in Note 29.

The Group has a long-term loan from European Bank 
of Reconstruction and Development (“EBRD”) for the 
purpose of modernization of Starokonstantinovskiy 
Molochniy Zavod SC. This debt is denominated in 
Euro. Therefore, the Group is exposed to the ex-
change rate risk that lies in the possibility of Euro 
(EUR) appreciation against Hryvna (UAH). The sen-
sitivity analysis shows that EUR appreciation against 
Hryvna by 20% would cause exchange rate loss of 
GBP 1,141,824 (2014 by 5%: GBP 294,000).

(iii) Commodity price risk

The Ukraine economy has been characterized by 
high rates of inflation. The Group tends to experience 
inflation-driven increase in certain  costs, including 
salaries and rents, fuel costs which are sensitive 
to rises in the general price level in Ukraine. In this 
situation, due to competitive pressures, it may not 
be able to raise the prices charged for products and 
services sufficiently to preserve operating margins. 
Accordingly, high rates of inflation in Ukraine could 
increase the Group’s cost and decrease its operating 
margins.

The Group controls the prices for branded products 
through timely changes of sales prices according to 
the market development and competition.

The Group is also exposed to commodity price risk 
for skimmed milk powder (“SMP”). The price for 
this product is determined by the world and domes-
tic market. The profitability of SMP was adversely 
affected by higher raw milk prices and excess stock 
of SMP in Ukraine, which resulted in an unexpected 
price decrease on the domestic market.

A 10% change in the SMP prices would lead to the 
change in Gross Profit of GBP 459,596 in 2016. The 
first stage of the modernisation project of Starokon-
stantinovskiy Molochniy Zavod SC financed by the 
European Bank of Reconstruction and Development 
(“EBRD”) was completed and it is expected that 
it will allow greater utilisation and efficiency of its 
production process, reducing any impact of changes 
in skimmed milk products.

(f) Operational risk

Operational risk is a risk arising from systems 
failure, human error, fraud or external events. When 
controls fail to work, operational risks can damage 
goodwill, have legal consequences or lead to finan-
cial losses. The Group can not expect that all oper-
ational risks have been eliminated, but with the help 
of control system and by monitoring the reaction to 
potential risks, the Group may manage such risks. 
The control system provides an effective separation 
of duties, access rights, approval and verification, 
personnel training, and valuation procedures.

6.CAPITAL 
MANAGEMENT POLICIES

The Group’s definition of the capital is ordinary share 
capital, share premium, accumulated retained earn-
ings and other equity reserves. The Directors view 
their role as that of corporate guardians responsible 
for preservation and growth of the capital, as well as 
for generation of the adequate returns to shareholders.  

The Group’s objectives when maintaining and grow-
ing capital are:

Annual Report 2015

73

—  to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a 
going concern, so that it can continue to provide 
returns for shareholders and benefits for other 
stakeholders, 

—  to identify the appropriate mix of debt, equity and 
partner sharing opportunities in order to balance 
the highest returns to shareholders overall with the 
most advantageous timing of investment flows,

—  to provide an adequate return to shareholders by 
delivering the products in demand by the cus-
tomers at prices commensurate with the level of 
risk and expectations of shareholders. 

The Group sets the amount of capital it requires in 
proportion to risk. The Group manages its capital 
structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of 
changes in economic conditions and the risk char-
acteristics of the current trading environment. The 
Group’s core assets consist predominantly of the 
property, plant and equipment – the resources that 
have proven their ability to withstand the competitive 
erosion and inflationary pressure. 

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, 
the Group may issue new shares, adjust the amount 
of dividends paid to shareholders, repay the debt, re-
turn capital to shareholders or sell assets to improve 
the cash position. Historically, the first three meth-
ods were used to achieve and support the desired 
capital structure. The Group monitors capital on the 
basis of the net debt to equity ratio (D/E ratio). This 
ratio is calculated as net debt to shareholder equity. 
Net debt is calculated as total debt (as shown in the 
balance sheet) less cash and cash equivalents. 

Traditionally, the Group’s conservative strategy was 
to maintain the D/E ratio at 0.6 (60%) maximum. The 
Directors believe that for the Group, as an operating 
company and a public entity, the maintenance of 
the prudent debt policy is crucial in preserving the 
capital of the business.

However as at December 31, 2015 despite the fact 
that the Company did not increase the amount of its 
borrowings the amount of debt increased as result 
of the Hryvnia devaluation leading to the D/E ratio at 
1.83. In management’s opinion this excessive D/E 
ratio is the result of force-majeur circumstances.

The D/E ratios at 31 December 2015 and At 31 December 2015 were as follows:

Total debt 

Less: Cash and cash equivalents 

Net debt 

Total equity 

D/E ratio 

74

Annual Report 2015

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

6 327 

(93) 

6 234 

3 081 

202,3% 

7 182

(215)

6 967 

7 572 

92,0%

 
 
 
 
7. SEGMENT INFORMATION

At 31 December 2015, the Group was organised internationally into four main business segments: 

1) Branded products — processed cheese, hard cheese, packaged butter and spreads.

2) Beverages — kvass.

3) Non-branded products — skimmed milk powder, other skimmed milk products.

4) Distribution services and other — resale of third-party goods and processing services and processing services.

Annual Report 2015

75

The segment results for the year ended 31 December 2015 are as follows:

Branded   Beverages  Non-branded  Distribution  Un-allo-  Total 
products 
£’000 

products 
£’000 

services 
£’000 

cated 
£’000 

£’000 

£’000

SALES 

Gross profit 

Administrative expenses 

13 329  

1 442  

(507) 

868  

400  

(75) 

Selling and distribution expenses 

(1 085) 

(190) 

Other operating expenses  

—    

(4) 

PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS 

Finance expenses, net 

(150)  

—    

Loss from exchange differences  —    

PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 

Taxation 

(150)  

—    

131  

—    

—    

131 

—    

5 502 

440  

(87) 

(165) 

(9) 

179  

—    

—    

179  

—    

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

(150)  

131 

179  

Segment assets 

5 854   

1 104  

2 893  

Unallocated corporate assets 

Unallocated deferred tax 

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

CONSOLIDATED TOTAL ASSETS 

5 854  

1 104 

2 893 

Segment liabilities 

Unallocated corporate liabilities 

Unallocated deferred tax 

988  

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

CONSOLIDATED TOTAL LIABILITIES  988 

—    

Other segment information: 

Depreciation and amortisation 

Capital expenditure 

— 

287 

— 

— 

50 

— 

—    

—    

—    

—    

— 

200 

— 

459  

32 

(9) 

(19) 

—    

4 

—    

—    

4  

—    

4  

4  

—    

—    

4  

—    

—    

—    

—    

— 

—  

— 

—    

—    

20 158

2 314

(431) 

(1 109)

(3) 

(1 462)

(1 076) 

(1 089)

(1 510) 

(1 346)

(768) 

(768)

(1 733) 

(1 733)

(4 011) 

(3 847)

(59) 

(59) 

(4 070) 

(3 906)

—    

9 855

1 592 

1 592 

45 

45

1 637  

11 492

—    

988 

6 958  

6 958 

466 

466 

7 424  

8 412

—

— 

— 

537

—

The unallocated corporate liabilities represent bank loans, overdrafts and accruals.   

76

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The segment results for the year ended 31 December 2014 are as follows:

Branded   Beverages  Non-branded  Distribution  Un-allo-  Total 
products 
£’000 

products 
£’000 

services 
£’000 

cated 
£’000 

£’000 

£’000

SALES 

Gross profit 

Administrative expenses 

20 948 

1 497  

3 985 

(947) 

644 

(183) 

Selling and distribution expenses 

(1 837) 

(409) 

Other operating expenses  

—    

— 

PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS 

1 201  

52 

Finance expenses, net 

—    

Income from exchange differences  —    

—    

—    

PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 

1 201  

52 

Taxation 

—    

—    

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

1 201  

52 

Segment assets 

Unallocated corporate assets 

Unallocated deferred tax 

9 196   

1 345 

—    

—    

—    

—    

7 969 

1 550 

(301) 

(506) 

— 

743 

—    

—    

743 

—    

743 

4 341 

—    

—    

CONSOLIDATED TOTAL ASSETS 

9 196 

1 345 

4 341 

Segment liabilities 

Unallocated corporate liabilities 

Unallocated deferred tax 

1 985 

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

CONSOLIDATED TOTAL LIABILITIES  1 985 

—    

—    

Other segment information: 

Depreciation and amortisation 

Capital expenditure 

426 

244 

119 

3 

321 

162 

1 462  

274 

(38) 

(41) 

—    

195 

—    

—    

195 

—    

195 

52 

—    

—    

52 

—    

—    

—    

—    

—  

— 

—    

—    

31 876

6 453

(494) 

(1 963)

(4) 

(2 797)

(508) 

(508)

(1 006)  1 185

(761) 

(761)

(3 857) 

(3 857)

(5 624) 

(3 433)

(45) 

(45) 

(5 669) 

(3 478)

—    

14 934

2 746 

2 746

2 

2

2 748 

17 682

—    

1 985 

7 823 

7 823

302 

302 

8 125 

10 110

— 

79 

866

488

Annual Report 2015

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Secondary reporting format — geographical segments:

 Sales by country (consignees)   

Ukraine 

Netherlands 

Moldova 

Nigeria 

Azerbaijan 

Georgia 

Mexico 

Turkey 

Turkmenistan 

Other countries 

Total 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

16 286 

1 030 

797 

554 

449 

 314 

261 

204 

154  

109 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

26 297

2 049    

1 170 

644 

408 

382 

378 

204

— 

344 

20 158 

31 876   

The majority of the Group’s assets and liabilities are in Ukraine. Sales to the countries in Europe represent 
sales to international traders of milk powders located in Europe. These traders consequently resell the milk 
powders to other countries worldwide.

The Group has no customers volume of sales to which exceeds 10% from the total amount.

78

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
8. REVENUE

For the years ended 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014, sales revenue was presented as follows:

GENERAL REVENUE 

Branded (including bonuses) 

Beverages (including bonuses) 

Non-branded products 

Distribution services (including bonuses) 

Charge of bonuses 

Total revenue (excluding bonuses) 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

20 859  

13 930 

943 

5 502 

484  

(701) 

20 158 

33 201 

22 055  

1 687 

7 970  

1 489 

(1 325) 

31 876

Bonuses are compensation granted to the Group’s main customers  within its distribution network. 
Bonuses are accounted for based on a fixed percentage of the product sold by customers who comprise retail 
networks and distributors. Cash compensation is paid on a periodic basis during the year. 

Annual Report 2015

79

 
 
 
9. EXPENSES BY NATURE 

For the years ended 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014, items of expenses were presented as follows:

Cost of sales 

Including:

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

(17 844) 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

(25 423)

Raw materials and consumables used, 
cost of goods sold, manufacture overheads etc.    

(16 059) 

Wages and salaries, social security cost (Note 12) 

(1 381) 

Depreciation (Note 11) 

Administrative expenses   

Including:

Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 

PR, nominated broker, secretary, legal services etc. 

Lease and current repair and maintenance  

Security 

Communication 

Bank service 

Amortisation and depreciation (Note 11)     

Taxes and compulsory payments 

(404) 

(1 109) 

(559) 

(176) 

(58) 

(52) 

(40) 

(36) 

(25) 

(22) 

IT materials, household expenses, reading materials   

(18) 

Audit fees 

Other 

(14) 

(109) 

(22 504)

(2 193)

(726)

(1 963)  

(1 077)

(283)

(101)

(92)

(58)

(73)

(46)

(43)

(22)

(40)

(128)

80

Annual Report 2015

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

(1 462) 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

(2 797)  

Selling and distribution expenses   

Including:

Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 

Delivery costs 

Promotion 

Amortisation and depreciation (Note 11)     

Lease and current repair and maintenance  

Impairment of inventories  

Packaging 

Veterinary certificates, medical examination, permits 

Other 

(448) 

(414) 

(179) 

(104) 

(93) 

(78) 

(52) 

(43) 

(51) 

Other operating expenses  

(1 089) 

Including:

Impairment of trade receivables    

Profit / (loss) on disposal of non-current assets    

Impairment of non-current asset  

Impairment of inventories  

Amortisation and depreciation (Note 11)     

 Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 

Other 

(805) 

(19) 

(179) 

(28) 

(4) 

(2) 

(52) 

(966)

(787)

(578)

(85)

(140)

(76)

(53)

(68)

(44)

(508)

(73)

(17)

 —

(284)

(9)

(1)

(124)

Annual Report 2015

81

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
10. NET FINANCE COSTS

For the years ended 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014,  
financial income/(expenses) were presented as follows:

Finance income

Interest income 

Total interest income 

Finance expense

 Interest expense on bank loans    

Total finance expense 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

1  

1  

(769) 

(769) 

Net finance expense recognised in income statement  

(768) 

11. DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION

For the years ended 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014,  
amortization and depreciation were presented as follows:

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

(404) 

(25) 

(104) 

(4) 

(537) 

Cost of sales 

Administrative expenses   

Selling and distribution expenses 

Other operating expenses  

Total depreciation and amortization 

82

Annual Report 2015

year ended 
31.12.2014  
£’000

4

4 

(765)

(765)

(761)

year ended 
31.12.2014  
£’000

(726)

(46)

(85)

(9)

(866) 

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES

For the years ended 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014,  
employee benefit expenses were presented as follows:

Wages and salaries 
(including key management personnel) 

Social security costs 

Average number of employees     

Wages and salaries of operating personnel  

 Wages and salaries of administrative personnel    

Wages and salaries of distribution personnel    

Wages and salaries of personnel related 
to other operating expenses  

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

(1 825) 

(565) 

(2 390) 

1 132  

year ended  
31.12.2015  
£’000 

(1 381) 

(559) 

(448) 

(2) 

(2 390) 

year ended 
31.12.2014  
£’000

(3 251)

(986)

 (4 237)

1 423

year ended 
31.12.2014  
£’000

(2 193)

(1 077)

(966)

(1)

(4 237)

Wages and salaries of key management personnel:

For the year ended 31 December 2015, remuneration 
of the Group’s key management personnel amounted 
to GBP 235,000 (2014: GBP 235,000).

Key management personnel received only short term 
benefits during the years ended 31 December 2015 
and 31 December 2014.

The key management personnel are those persons 
remunerated by the Group who are members of 
the Board of Directors of the Company (Ukrproduct 
Group Ltd).

Annual Report 2015

83

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
13. INCOME TAX EXPENSES

For the years ended 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014, 
income tax expenses were presented as follows:

31 December 
2015 
£’000 

31 December 
2014  
£’000

Current tax charge — Ukraine 

Current tax charge — non-Ukraine  

Deferred tax relating to the origination 
and reversal of temporary differences  

Total income tax expenses   

52 

  — 

7 

59 

53 

—

(8)

45 

Differences in treatment of certain elements of financial statements by IFRS and Ukrainian statutory taxation 
regulations give rise to temporary differences. The tax effect of the movement on these temporary differences 
is recognised at the rate of 18% (2014: 18%).

The numerical reconciliation between tax charge and the product of accounting profit multiplied by the appli-
cable tax rate(s) is provided in the following table.

Profit before tax:

Ukraine 

Cyprus  

Other (BVI, Jersey, loss before tax in Ukraine)  

Profit before tax, total 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

146  

13 

(4 006) 

(3 847) 

year ended 
31.12.2014  
£’000

795

(26)

(4 202)

(3 433) 

84

Annual Report 2015

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable 
to profits in the relevant countries
Ukraine (2015: 18%, 2014: 18%) 
Cyprus (10%) 
 BVI, Jersey (0%) 

year ended  
31.12.2015  
£’000 

26  
1 
— 
27 

Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to net income  
not subject to tax and expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Ukraine 
Cyprus  
BVI, Jersey 

33 
(1) 
  — 
32 

Tax charge
Ukraine 
Cyprus  
BVI, Jersey 

 The weighted average applicable tax rate 
Ukraine 
Cyprus 
BVI, Jersey 

59 
  — 
  — 
59  

18% 
8% 
Nil 
-1% 

year ended 
31.12.2014  
£’000

—

143
— 

143

(98)
—
—
(98)

45
—
—
45

18%
0%
Nil
-4% 

There are a number of laws related to various taxes 
imposed by both central and regional governmental 
authorities. Although laws related to these taxes have 
not been in force for significant periods, the prac-
tice of taxation and implementation of regulations 
are well established, documented with a sufficient 
degree of clarity and adhered to by the taxpayers. 
Nevertheless, there remain certain risks in relation to 
the Ukrainian tax system: few court precedents with 
regard to tax related issues exist; different opinions 

regarding legal interpretation may arise both among 
and within government ministries and regulatory 
agencies; tax compliance practice is subject to 
review and investigation by a number of authorities 
with overlapping responsibilities.

Generally, tax declarations remain subject to inspec-
tion for an indefinite period. In practice, however, 
the risk of retroactive tax assessments and penalty 
charges decreases significantly after three years. The 

Annual Report 2015

85

 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
fact that a year has been reviewed does not preclude 
the Ukrainian tax service performing a subsequent 
inspection of that year.

with sufficient regularity to ensure that the carrying 
amount does not differ materially from fair value. 

The Group has accomplished assets revaluation in 
2015 for the effective evaluation date 31 December 
2015. The revaluation was carried by an independent 
evaluator “BGS-aktyvy” Ltd (Ukraine) using Net As-
sets Value method and Market method. Discounted 
Cash Flow Method was used for test for reasonable 
assets profitability. The revaluation was accom-
plished for the assets used in process of production. 
Office equipment was not revaluated The revaluation 
led to assets value increase for 17% 

The fair value of land, property, plant and equipment 
as at 31.15.15 was determined by independent ap-
praiser in accordance with IFRS and IVS. The Valuer 
used the following methods for the calculation of fair 
values: comparative, income and cost approaches.

The Group’s management believes that it has ade-
quately provided for tax liabilities in the accompany-
ing financial statements; however, the risk remains 
that those relevant authorities could take different 
positions with regard to interpretive issues.

During the period under review, the Ukrainian com-
panies within the Group paid royalties and interest 
charges on the outstanding credits and bonds to 
another Group company — Solaero Global Alterna-
tive Fund Limited (Cyprus). These payments were 
not taxable in Ukraine due to the existing Double 
Taxation Treaty between Ukraine and Cyprus.

14. PROPERTY, PLANT 
AND EQUIPMENT

In accordance with IAS 16 “Property, Plant and 
Equipment”, the Group carries out revaluations, 

The hierarchy of inputs used in determining the fair value of the assets of the Group as at 31 December 2015 
were as follows:

Hierarchy of inputs 

Fair value (revaluation result), 
thousand GBP

Land 

Buildings 

Plant and machinery 

Vehicles 

Other PPE 

Total 

86

Annual Report 2015

    Level 2   

    Level 3   

 Level 3   

 Level 2   

 Level 2   

148

2 157

3 701

616

598

7 220

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
When performing  the valuation using these meth-
ods, the key assumptions and judgment applied by 
the independent valuer were as follows:

in 2016 to 22.4% in 2020 was used, for the beverage 
segment in the range from 28.1% in 2016 to 22.3% 
in 2020.   

—  Choice of information sources for construction 
cost analysis (actual costs recently incurred 
by the Group, specialised reference materials, 
estimates for cost of various equipment ect.

—  Determination of comparatives for replacement 
cost of certain equipment, as well as corre-
sponding adjustments required to take into 
account difference in technical characteristics 
and condition of new and existing equipment.

—  Selection of market data when determining 

market value where it is available (land plots, 
vehicles).

—  Determination of applicable cumulative price 
indices or changes in foreign exchange rates 
which would most reliably reflect the change in 
fair value of assets revaluated using indexation of 
carrying amounts.

The fair values obtained using Depreciated Replaced 
Cost method (DRC) are validated using DCF models 
and are adjusted if the values obtained using income 
approach are lower than those obtained using DRC 
or indexation carrying amount (i.e. there is economic 
obsolescence).

The recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit 
was determined on the basis of value-in use. The 
amount of value in use for the cash generating unit 
was determined on the basis of the most recent 
budget estimates prepared by management and 
application of the income approach of valuation. For 
the diary segment discount rate in range from 23.8% 

The main factors that formed Group assets value 
were the following

—  economic recession in 2014-2015 characterized 
by triple devaluation of national currency, econo-
my shrank 35-40%, loss of territory (involuntary 
sales closing in Donetsk, Lugansk districts and 
Crimean Peninsula as a result), price conjuncture 
aggravation in the world market.   

—  company management does not expect signif-
icant increase of diary market and is guided by 
predicted Asian and East African market in-
crease.

—  There is no aging of equipment.

The Group is divided into two cash-generating units 
(CGU)

Diary production

Diary productions consists of production assets for 
butter, cheese, protein and skimmed diary products:

—  Production assets of SE Starokostyantynivski 

Diary Plant abd two other units in Zhytomir and 
Letychiv;

—  Group vehicle park used for raw materiak and 

end product transportation;

”Nash Molochnik”, ”Vershkova Dolyna” and 

— 
“Narodny product” trade marks. 

Annual Report 2015

87

Increase of law material price – Forecast is obtained 
from published index for Ukraine.

Predicted increase data – The data are based on 
published industry research in Ukraine.

Assumption regarding business segment  – Using 
the data on industry for increase factors these as-
sumptions are important as management estimates 
the changability of the unit position in comparison 
with competitors in the period forcasted.

Industry forecast is not used for kvass (beverage) 
sales forecasting, as the Group produces the unique 
product “Live Kvass” that has no competitors in 
Ukraine by its nature. the model is based on own 
dinamic forecast of the management. Brand devel-
opement plans include:

—  Extension of brand presence in distribution net-

works;

—  Kvass in kegs sales increase;

—  Exstension of beverage product range (produc-
tion of white kvass, several kinds of Uzvar)

As for estimated value from usinf both CGU, man-
agement  consieders any possible changes in any 
of key positions mentioned above cannot lead to 
significant excess of unit aquisition cost compared 
to the amount of its expected compensation.

Beverage production

Beverage production combines the production assets 
of Live kvass “Arseniivsky”. It consists of: 

—  Production assets of “Zhyvyi Kvass” LTD and,

—  “Arseniivsky” Trade mark.

Main assumptions used in utility value calculation

Utility value calculation for production both diary 
products and bweverages is sensitive to he following 
assumptions:

Gross profit margin — Gross profit margin is based 
on 2015 budget value and takes into consideration 
trends of value indexes for 2016-2020

Discount rate — Discount rate posturizes current 
market estimated risks, specific for each CGU, 
inclusive of cash cost and individual risks and 
corresponding assets excluded from the cash flow 
valuation. Discount rate calculation based on spe-
cific Group circumstances  and operational segment 
and is issued from  Weighted Average Capital Cost  
(WACC). WACC takes into account both loan and 
owned capital. The value of owned capital is calculat-
ed on the basis of predicted return on investment of 
group investors. Specific segment risks are included 
in usage of separate facts of beta-testing. Beta fac-
tors are estimated annualy using generally accessible 
market data. WACC is used in the model for both 
CGU in amount mentioned above.

Production value increase — is derived from pub-
lished consumer price index for Ukraine or world 
price tendencies for export product groups.

88

Annual Report 2015

As at 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014, property, plant and equipment were presented as follows:

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COST OR VALUATION

At 1 January 2014 

Additions  

Transfers to/from AUC 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000

 1 653 

 9 692 

12 869 

3560   

1 254 

29 028

593  

(1 716) 

(11) 

(472) 

—    

384 

(12) 

—  

859 

(28) 

(3 650) 

(4 940) 

—    

 18 

(124) 

(957) 

 38 

455 

(60) 

631

— 

(235)

(740) 

(10 759) 

At 31 December 2014 

 47 

6 414 

8 760 

2 497 

947 

18 665 

Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2014 

Depreciation charge 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

 29 

 5  

 (5) 

  — 

3 534 

4 220 

2 356 

223 

(7) 

353 

(6) 

85 

(62) 

704 

124 

(54) 

10 843

790 

(134)

(874) 

(808) 

(488) 

(256) 

(2 426) 

At 31 December 2014 

 29 

2 876 

3 759 

1 891 

518 

9 073

Cost or valuation 
At 1 January 2015 

Additions  

Transfers to/from AUC 

Elimination of depreciation 

Gain on revaluation 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

 47 

221  

(56) 

(21) 

— 

(5) 

(23) 

6 414 

8 760 

— 

(58) 

—    

(76) 

2 497 

—    

(112) 

947 

—  

303 

18 665

221

1

(2 245) 

(2 981) 

(1 420) 

(365) 

(7 032)

40  

— 

543 

(1) 

361 

(32) 

99 

(16) 

1 043

(54)

(1 845) 

(2 543) 

(677) 

(286) 

(5 374) 

At 31 December 2015 

162 

2 306 

3 702 

617 

682 

7 469

Annual Report 2015

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
r
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s
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£’000 

162 

£’000 

2 306 

£’000 

3 702 

£’000 

617 

£’000 

682 

£’000

7 469

At 31 December 2015 

Accumulated depreciation

At 1 January 2015 

Depreciation charge 

Elimination of depreciation 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

At 31 December 2015 

29 

 1 

(21) 

— 

(9) 

 0 

Net book amount at 31 December 2015  162 

Net book amount at 31 December 2014  18 

Net book amount at 31 December 2013  1 624 

2 876 

3 759 

1 891 

130 

253 

48 

518 

56 

9 073

488

(2 245) 

(2 981) 

(1 420) 

(365) 

(7 032)

— 

 (2) 

(19) 

(12) 

(33)

(760) 

(1 029) 

(500) 

(146) 

(2 444) 

1 

2 305 

3 538 

6 158 

— 

3 702 

5 001 

8 649 

— 

617 

606 

1 204 

51 

631 

429 

550 

52

7 416

9 592

18 185

As a result of the revaluation fixed assets consists of 
loss at the P&L for the amount of GBP 70 thousand 
and Gain on revaluation at the Other Comprechensive 
income GBP 1,113 thousand . Total Gain on revalua-
tion GBP 1,043 thousand.

As at December 31, 2015 the Group has no contrac-
tual commitments on purchase of property, plant 
and equipment.

Fixed assets with a net book value of GBP 5,125 
thousand At 31 December 2015 (2014: GBP 8,446 
thousand) were pledged as collateral for loans. 

Borrowing costs for the tranches from EBRD for the 
second stage of reconstruction of SE Starokostian-
tynivskyi Molochnyi Zavod was capitalised during 
March-December of 2014. They amounted to GBP 
32 thousand (2013: 34 thousand). Average rate for 
EBRD loan 7,094% used to determine the amount 
of borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. During 
the 2015, interest on the loan was not capitalized, 
because all the equipment was put into operation at 
the end of 2014.

As at December 31, 2015 any prepayments for 
property, plant and equipment were included within 

90

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets under construction in the amount of GBP 5 
thousand (2014: GBP 8 thousand)

As at December 31, 2015 fully depreciated assets 
included within property, plant and equipment with 
the original cost of GBP 214 thousand (2013: GBP 
565 thousand)

It’s impracticable to provide information about the 
carrying amounts of all classes of assets, except of-
fice equipment if they were measured using the cost 
model without undue cost and efforts.

15. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

As at the reporting dates intangible assets were presented as follows:

Computer 
software 
£’000 

Trade marks 

Customer list 

Goodwill  Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000

COST OR VALUATION 
At 1 January 2014 

Additions 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

At 31 December 2014 

ACCUMULATED AMORTISATION 
At 1 January 2014 

Amortisation charge for the year 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

31 

41 

(5) 

(21) 

46 

28 

3 

—  

(19) 

862 

— 

— 

692 

— 

— 

(137) 

(189) 

725 

503 

239 

47 

—  

(173) 

286 

26  

— 

8 

104 

— 

(104) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—  

— 

1 689

41

(109)

(347) 

1 274

553

76

— 

(184)   

At 31 December 2014 

12  

113 

320 

— 

445

Annual Report 2015

91

 
 
 
 
 
Computer 
software 
£’000 

Trade marks 

Customer list 

Goodwill  Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000

COST OR VALUATION

At 1 January 2015 

Additions 

Disposals 

Impairment loss 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

At 31 December 2015 

ACCUMULATED AMORTISATION 
At 1 January 2015 

Amortisation charge for the year 

Impairment loss 

Disposals 

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

At 31 December 2015 

46 

1 

(2) 

16 

29  

12 

11 

(1)  

4 

26  

Net book amount At 31 December 2015  3 

Net book amount at 31 December 2014  34 

Net book amount at 31 December 2013  3 

725  

— 

— 

(36) 

761 

113 

30 

—  

25 

168 

593 

612 

623 

503 

— 

— 

(503) 

— 

— 

320 

8  

(312) 

— 

(16) 

— 

— 

183 

406  

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—  

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 274

1

(2)

(503)

(20) 

791

445

49

(312)

(1)

13 

194

596

829

104 

1 136  

The remaining amortization periods of the intangible 
assets are as follows:

Acquired intangible assets

—  Computer software 1–10 years; 
—  Trademarks 11–18 years; 
—  Customer list 0 years.

The intangible asset “Customer list” represents the 
captive individual suppliers of raw milk. In Ukraine, 
where about 80% of the entire milk comes from in-
dividual producers, the existing supplier base is very 

92

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
important for the dairy producers and thus is valua-
ble. The acquired asset “Customer list” was recog-
nised in the accounts on the basis of the Purchase 
Price Allocation (PPA) exercise conducted within 
the 12-month period following the acquisitions of 
two plants. The asset was valued by an independent 
valuer Uvecon using the sales comparison method 
and depreciated replacement cost (DRC) methods 
(for tangible assets) and income and cost advan-
tage methods (intangible assets).  An impairment of 
customer list as of 31 December 2015 was caused 
by Group’s transition to more favorable terms of raw 
materials purchases outside the region, in which 
customer list is located.

The Group performed its annual impairment test in 
December 2015 and 2014. The Group considers the 
relationship between its market capitalisation and its 
book value, among other factors, when reviewing for 
indicators of impairment. As at 31 December 2015, 
the market capitalisation of the Group was below the 
book value of its equity, indicating a potential impair-
ment of goodwill and impairment of the assets of the 
operating segment. In addition, the overall decline in 
construction and development activities around the 
world, as well as the ongoing economic uncertainty, 
have led to a decreased demand in both the trade-
mark “Zhyviy Kvas” and Group of the trademarks 
“Diary segment” CGUs.

Trademark “Zhyviy Kvas”  

The recoverable amount of the trade mark “Zhyviy 
Kvas” CGU, GBP 346 thousand as at 31 December 
2015, has been determined based on a value in use 
calculation using cash flow projections from financial 
budgets approved by senior management covering a 
five-year period. The projected cash flows have been 
updated to reflect the decreased demand for prod-
ucts and services. The discount rate applied to cash 
flow projections is 25.8% (2014: 29.7%). The growth 
rate used to extrapolate the cash flows of the unit 
beyond the five-year period is 5%. It was concluded 
that the fair value exceeded costs of disposal did not 
exceed the value in use. 

Group of the trademarks “Diary segment” 

The recoverable amount of the fire trademarks 
“Diary segment” CGU, GBP 235 thousand as at 31 
December 2015, is also determined based on a value 
in use calculation using cash flow projections from 
financial budgets approved by senior management 
covering a five-year period. The projected cash flows 
have been updated to reflect the decreased demand 
for products and services. The pre-tax discount rate 
applied to the cash flow projections is 25.8% (2014: 
29.7%). The growth rate used to extrapolate the cash 
flows of the unit beyond the five-year period is 2-7%. 
The impairment coefficient is 8.27. As a result of the 
analysis, management did not identify an impairment 
for this CGU.

Annual Report 2015

93

16. DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

For the year ended 31 December 2015, deferred tax assets and liabilities were presented as follows:

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 
(2) 
  — 

(12) 

— 
302 
— 

As at 
31.12.2014  
£’000
(66)  — 
636 
— 
42  —   

  — 

39 

— 

(15) 

  — 

(20) 

— 

(36)  

62 

255 

—  — 

  — 
(2) 

(46) 

  — 

— 
(110) 

— 
466 

—  —
22 

(283) 

(2)  —   
302
— 

 Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the year    
Deferred tax liability at the beginning of the year   
Deferred tax asset recognised in income     
statement during the year 
Deferred tax liability recognised in income  
statement during the year
Reduction in deferred tax due to decrease    
in property, plant and equipment revaluation 
reserve because of amortisation
Increase in deferred tax due to increase in property, 
plant and equipment revaluation reserve
Exclusion from Group 
Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency 
 Deferred tax assets at the end of the year   
 Deferred tax liability at the end of the year  

17. INVENTORIES

As at the reporting dates inventories were presented as follows:

Finished goods 

Raw materials 

Work in progress 

Other inventories 

94

Annual Report 2015

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

677 

307 

158  

354 

1 496 

942 

571 

31 

541

2 085

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
During 2015, GBP 14,411 thousand (2014: GBP 19,752 thousand) was recognised as an expense in cost of 
sales. Inventories with a net book value of GBP 901 thousand At 31 December 2015 (2014:GBP 840 thousand) 
were pledged as collateral for loans. 

18. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

As at the reporting dates receivables were presented as follows:

Long-term receivables 

  — 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Trade receivables 

Other receivables 

Prepayments 

1 313  

9 

164  

1 486  

As at 
31.12.2014  
£’000

—

3 039 

93 

542

3 674  

The Group’s management believes that the carrying value for trade and other receivables is a reasonable ap-
proximation of their fair value. The amount of overdue but unimpaired accounts receivable is insignificant and 
is not disclosed in this note.

Maturity of trade receivables as at 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014 is presented as follows:

Total 

£’000 
 1 313 
 3 039 

Neither past 
due nor 
impaired 
£’000 
1 194 
2 277 

<30 
days 
£’000 
24 
162 

      Past due but not impaired 
61-90 
30-60 
days 
days 
£’000 
£’000 
18 
63 
107 
179 

91-120 
days 
£’000 
— 
202 

>120 
days 
£’000 
14  
112  

2015 
2014 

Provisions were created for impaired trade and other receivables and holiday allowance.

Annual Report 2015

95

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the year ended 31 December 2015, deferred tax assets and liabilities were presented as follows:

 Impaired trade and other receivables   
at the beginning of the year 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

220  

—  

 Holiday allowance at the beginning of the year 

  — 

Accrual 

Use of allowances 

Effect of translation to presentation currency    

Impaired trade and other receivables   
at the end of the year

836 

(7) 

(102) 

947 

 Holiday allowance at the end of the year     

  — 

42 

52 

(137) 

92  

— 

49 

19. CURRENT TAXES

As at the reporting dates current taxes were presented as follows:

VAT receivable 

 Current income tax prepayments  

Other prepaid taxes 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

268  

66  

14 

348 

As at 
31.12.2014  
£’000

123   — 

— 

40

239  

878 

(14) 

(827)

(128) 

(49)

220  — 

— 

42   

As at 
31.12.2014  
£’000

1 081

80

16 

1 177

96

Annual Report 2015

  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
20. OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

 Loans and receivables    

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

 Loans issued to related parties     

  — 

Loans issued to third parties 

Loans issued to employees  

3 

8 

11 

As at 
31.12.2014  
£’000

—

86 

22

108 

Loans issued are short term in nature, repayable on demand and are interest free.

21. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (EXCLUDING 
BANK OVERDRAFTS)

As at the reporting dates current taxes were presented as follows:

Cash — in UAH 

Bank — in UAH 

Bank — in other currencies  

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

1  

11  

81 

93 

As at 
31.12.2014  
£’000

4

27

184

215

Annual Report 2015

97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
22. SHARE CAPITAL

As at the reporting dates share capital was presented as follows:

AUTHORISED

As at 
31.12.2015 
Number ’000 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
Number ’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

Ordinary shares of 10p each 

60 000  

6 000 

60 000 

6 000

ISSUED AND FULLY PAID AT BEGINNING AND END OF THE YEAR

As at 
31.12.2015 
Number ’000 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
Number ’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

39 673  

—    

39 673  

3 967  

—    

3 967  

39 673  

— 

39 673  

3 967  

— 

3 967 

HELD AS TREASURY SHARES

As at 
31.12.2015 
Number ’000 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
Number ’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

3 145  

—    

3 145  

315  

—    

315  

3 145  

—  

3 145  

315  

—  

315

Ordinary shares of 10p each 
At beginning of the year 

Own shares acquired 

At end of the year (excluding shares 
held as treasury shares)

Ordinary shares of 10p each 
At beginning of the year 

Own shares acquired 

At end of the year  

As at 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014 the 
Company held a total of 3 144 800 Ordinary Shares 
as treasury shares and the total number of Ordinary 
Shares in issue (excluding shares held as treasury 
shares) was 39 673 049.

On February 2, 2015 Ukrproduct Group’s shares were 

admitted to trading on the Ukrainian stock market. 
No new ordinary shares have been issued and ac-
cordingly the total number of shares in issue remains 
unchanged. Management expects that the listing 
on the Ukrainian Stock Exchange will allow better 
access to the local investors and will contribute to 
improving the liquidity of Company’s shares.

98

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. OTHER RESERVES

At the reporting date other reserves were presented as follows:

Share 
premium  
£’000 

Translation           Revaluation 
reserve 
£’000 

          reserve                          other reserves 
          £’000 

                        £’000

Total  

At 1 January 2014 

4 562  

(6 768) 

          3 636  

Own shares acquisition 

—   

—    

           —    

Depreciation on revaluation of property,   —    
plant and equipment

—        

          (162) 

Impact of the change in tax rate 

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

Group restructuring completion 
(Note 2.1 (c))

Exchange differences on translation 
to the presentation currency

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

           —  

          (21) 

           —    

At 31 December 2014 

4 562  

(13 768) 

           3 453    

—    

           (86) 

Depreciation on revaluation of property,   —    
plant and equipment 

Gain on revaluation of property, 
plant and equipment 

Reduction of revaluation reserve 

—  

—  

Exchange differences on translation   — 
to the presentation currency

 —  

            913 

913 

—  

            (88) 

(1 526) 

             — 

(88) 

(1 526) 

1 430  

—   

(162) 

—  

(21) 

—   

(5 753)  

(86)  

—    

(7 000) 

           —    

(7 000) 

At 31 December 2015 

4 562 

(15 294) 

            4 192   

(6 540)

Annual Report 2015

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within owners’ equity.

RESERVE 

DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE 

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 

Revaluation 

Merger 

Retained earnings 

Translation 

Gains arising on the revaluation of the Group’s property.  
The balance on this reserve is wholly undistributable. 

Losses arising on the application of the pooling of interests method  
of consolidation used to account for the merger of Ukrproduct Group Ltd  
and its subsidiaries. 

Cumulative net gains and losses recognised in the consolidated  
income statement.  

Amount of all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation  
of the financial information of foreign subsidiaries. 

24. BANK LOANS  
AND OVERDRAFTS

As at 31, December 2015, the Group had received 
EUR 8.3 mln of an EUR 11 mln credit line facility 
from the European Bank for Reconstruction and 
Development (EBRD) for the financing of a project 
to increase energy efficiency and productivity of the 
Starokonstantinovskiy Molochniy Zavod SC plant.

By 31 December 2015 Group broke the covenants 
and during 2015 was in breach of repayments of the 
EBRD loans. According to the agreement terms the 
bank had the right to demand repayment of the loans 
in full or partly. Nevertheless beginning with 2015 
Group had been negotiating about the new terms of 
the repayment and in December 2015 The Bank’s 
Operations Committee has approved the terms of the 
proposed restructuring (the “Restructuring”),  

including extension of the Maturity Date to 1 Decem-
ber 2024 amd 12 month capital repayment holiday, 
but by 31 December 2015 the process of restructur-
ation was not complete. Group requested a waiver 
about not application of penalties for covenant 
violation, but it was not received as the process of 
restructuration proceeded successfully and the loan-
er bank found no grounds for providing it. On this 
basis Group reflected EBRD loan as a long-term loan, 
excluding the part of the loan to be paid in 2015 and 
2016. By the date of approval of the accounts the 
agreement had been signed, operating and long-term 
parts of the loan will be corrected by 30 June 2016.

Guarantees under EBRD facility agreement are the 
enterprises of the Group that are jointly and severally 
responsible together with the borrower: Moloch-
nik LLC; Milk investments Private Enterprise SC; 
Starkon-Moloko LLC; Ukrproduct Group CJSC; Zhiviy 
Kvas LLC.

100

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
Guarantees under OTP bank facility agreement are 
the enterprises of the Group that are jointly and 
severally responsible together with the borrower: 
Avtopark Starokonstantinov LLS; Favorit-Konsulting 
Private Enterprise; Invest Garantiya Private Enter-
prise; Krasilovsky Molochny Zavod Private Enter-
prise SC; ATP Centr LLC; Ukrproduct Group CJSC.

Bank 

Currency  Type 

Opening 
date 

Termination 
date 

Interest 
rate 

Limit 
£’000 

As at  

As at 
31.12.2015  31.12.2014 
£’000 

£’000

EBRD 

OTP Bank  

EUR 

UAH 

OTP Bank  

USD 

Loan 

Credit 
line

Credit 
line

31.03.2011  10.12.2018 

≈ 7,03% 

8 118 

5 357  

30.05.2011  09.06.2017 

26,15% 

30.05.2011  09.06.2017 

12,42% 

1 126

909  

—  

Aval Bank 

UAH 

Overdraft  31.05.2013  29.02.2016 

22,0% 

141 

61  

5 693 

1 001  

144 

344 

6 327  

7 182 

The average interest rate as at 31 December 2015 was 10.42% (2014: 9.34%). 

Maturity of financial liabilities

On demand 

In less than 1 year* 

In more than 1 year* 

year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

61  

3 060  

3 206  

6 327  

344  

2 110  

4 728  

7 182 

Annual Report 2015

101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate profile of financial liabilities

On demand 

Expiry within 1 year 

Expiry in more then 1 years 

Floating rate 

Fixed rate 

£’000 

—  

3 060 

3 206 

6 266 

£’000 

61    

— 

—    

61  

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

61 

3 060  

3 206 

6 327  

344  

2 110  

4 728  

7 182

The currency profile of the Group’s financial liabilities is as follows:

UAH 

USD 

EUR 

Floating 
rate liabilities 
£’000 

Fixed rate 
liabilities 
£’000 

Total as at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Total as at  
31.12.2014 
£’000

909    

5 357 

6 266  

61  

—  

—   

61  

970 

— 

5 357  

6 327  

1 345  

144 

5 693

7 182

The book value and fair value of financial liabilities are as follows:

Book value as at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Fair value as at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Book value as at 
31.12.2014 
£’000 

Fair value as at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

Bank loans 

Bank overdrafts 

6 266  

61  

6 327 

6 266 

61 

6 327 

6 838 

344 

7 182 

6 838 

344

7 182

*extendable according to 3-year agreement with bank.

102

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

At the reporting date trade and other payables were presented as follows:

Trade payables 

Other payables 

Prepayments received 

Accruals 

Interests payable 

Provisions 

31.12.2015 
£’000 

979  

260  

9 

109  

180  

49  

31.12.2014 
£’000

1 942  

371 

42  

158

29 

41  

1 586 

2 583

The Group’s management believes that the carrying value for trade and other payables is a reasonable 
approximation of their fair value. 

26. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share have been calculated by dividing net profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders 
by the weighted average number of shares in issue. 

Net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

(3 906) 

Year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

(3 478) 

Weighted number of ordinary shares in issue  

39 673 049 

 39 673 049  

Basic earnings per share, pence 

Diluted average number of shares 

Diluted earnings per share, pence 

(9,85) 

(8,77) 

 39 402 447 

39 629 619   

(9,91) 

(8,78)

Annual Report 2015

103

 
 
 
 
 
 
27. DIVIDENDS

Due to the business circumstances dictating prudence and cash conservation, the Board has decided not to 
pay a final dividend in respect of the year ended 31 December 2015.

28. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The Company operates an equity-settled share based remuneration scheme for employees.

2015 Weighted 
average exercise  
price 

Number 

2014 Weighted 
average exercise  
price

Number 

Outstanding at beginning of the year 

0,100  

130 290  

0,100  

130 290  

Granted during the year 

Forfeited during the year 

Exercised during the year 

Lapsed during the year 

Change in option terms 

Outstanding at the end of the year 

Exercisable at the end of the year 

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

0,100  

0,100  

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

— 

—    

—    

—    

—    

—    

130 290  

0,100  

130 290  

0,100  

130 290  

130 290

During the period under review the Company did not 
grant options to any parties.

All options granted to the Directors are exercisable 
over a period of four years. As at the year end these 
options were not exercised. 

Taking into account the fair value estimate of options 
granted at the grant date, no remuneration charge 
was recognised in the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income in 2015.

104

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The fair value of options granted in 2009 was calculated based on the following data.

Item 

Option pricing model used 

Weighted average share price at the grant date 

Exercise price 

Weighted-average contractual life, years 

Expected volatility 

Expected dividend yield 

Expected dividend growth rate 

Weighted-average risk-free interest rate 

2009

Adjusted Black-Scholes 

0,1275 

0,1280 

4,0 

25% 

5% 

0% 

1,92%

29. CURRENCY ANALYSIS

Currency analysis for the year ended 31 December 2015 is set out below:

ASSETS 

Trade and other receivables 

Current taxes 

Other financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Bank borrowings 

Trade and other payable 

Current income tax liabilities 

Other taxes payable 

Total Liabilities 

UAH 

USD 

GBP 

EUR 

Total

1 460  

348  

11 

12  

1 831  

970  

1 258 

18  

15  

2 261  

24 

—    

—    

81  

105  

—  

8  

—    

—    

8  

—    

—    

—    

—    

—   

—    

—    

—    

—    

—   

2  

—    

—    

—    

2  

5 357  

320  

—    

—    

1 486  

348  

11  

93 

1 938  

6 327  

1 586  

18  

15  

5 677  

7 946

Annual Report 2015

105

 
 
Currency analysis for the year ended 31 December 2014 is set out below:

ASSETS 

Trade and other receivables 

Current taxes 

Other financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Bank borrowings 

Trade and other payable 

Current income tax liabilities 

Other taxes payable 

Total Liabilities 

UAH 

USD 

GBP 

EUR 

Total

2 909  

1 177 

108  

31 

4 225  

1 345  

2 346 

14  

29  

3 734  

763 

—    

—    

184  

947  

144  

47 

—    

—    

191 

—    

—    

—    

—    

—   

—    

—    

—    

—    

—   

2  

—    

—    

—    

2  

5 693  

190  

—    

—    

3 674  

1 177  

108  

215 

5 174 

7 182  

2 583  

14 

29  

5 883  

9 808

34 % strengthening of Hryvnia rate against the 
following currencies as At 31 December 2015 and 
2014, would increase /decrease the amount of profits 
/or losses for the period by the amounts mentioned 
below. This analysis was conducted based on the as-

sumption that all other variables, in particular, inter-
est rates, remained unchanged. The change of GBP 
exchange rate does not have impact on the result as 
all the balances in GBP are attributable to the Group’s 
companies where GBP is a functional currency.

Increase/ decrease 
in rate 

Effect on income 
before tax in 2015 
£’000 

Effect on income 
before tax in 2014 
£’000

34% 

27% 

-34% 

-27% 

33 

(1 532) 

(33) 

1 532  

378

(2 941) 

(378) 

2 941

USD 

EUR 

USD 

EUR 

106

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
30. RELATED PARTY 
TRANSACTIONS

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the 
ability to control the other party or exercise significant 
influence over the other party in making financial or 
operational decisions as defined by IAS 24 “Related 
Party Disclosures”. In considering each possible relat-
ed party relationship, attention is directed to the sub-
stance of the relationship, not merely the legal form.

Transactions and balances between the Group com-
panies and other related parties are set out below. 
Remuneration of key management personnel is 
disclosed in note 12.   

Sales of goods and services to related parties and 
purchases from related parties are summarised 
below. All sales and purchases were with related 
parties under common control of the ultimate benefi-
ciaries of the Company.

Sales 

Administrative expences 

Other operational incomes 

Other operational expences 

Year ended 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

Year ended 
31.12.2014 
£’000

—  

25 

—  

683 

38

— 

27

Balances due from/(to) related parties at each period end are shown below.

Receivables and prepayments 

Loans issued 

Trade and other payables 

As at 
31.12.2015 
£’000 

As at 
31.12.2014 
£’000

23 

—    

9 

64

—    

(73)

Annual Report 2015

107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In 2015, the Group’s commercial relationships with 
the related parties comprised sales, purchases, 
provision. The terms and conditions for the contracts 
with the related parties were similar to the terms and 
conditions applied in dealings with unrelated parties. 
There were no guarantees given to or provided by 
from the Group to related parties and vice versa.

The ultimate controlling owners and beneficiaries of 
the related parties were Messrs Alexander Slipchuk 
and Sergey Evlanchik.

31.COMMITMENTS  
AND CONTINGENCIES

(a) Economic environment

The Group carries out most of its operations in 
Ukraine. Laws and other regulatory acts affecting the 
activities of Ukrainian enterprises may be subject to 
changes and amendments within a short period of 
time. As a result, assets and operating activity of the 
Group may be exposed to the risk in case if any unfa-
vourable changes take place in political and econom-
ic environment.

(b) Taxation

As a result of the unstable economic environment in 
Ukraine, the Ukrainian tax authorities pay increasing 
attention to business communities. In this regard, lo-
cal and national tax legislation are constantly chang-
ing. Provisions of various legislative and regulatory 
legal acts are not always clearly-worded, and their 
interpretations depend on the opinion of tax authori-
ty officers and the Ministry of Finance.  It is common 
practice for disagreements between local, regional 

and republican taxation authorities to arise. A system 
of fines and penalties for claimed or revealed viola-
tions exists in corresponding regulatory legal acts, 
laws and decisions. Penalties include confiscation 
of amount in dispute (in case of law violation) as 
well as fines. These facts create tax risks, which 
means that the Group may be exposed to the risk of 
additional tax liabilities, fines and penalties. These 
risks far exceed risks in countries with advanced tax 
systems. 

(c) Retirement and other liabilities

Employees of the Group receive pension benefits 
from the Pension Fund, a Ukrainian Government 
organization in accordance with the applicable laws 
and regulations of Ukraine. The Group is required to 
contribute a specified percentage of the payroll to 
the Pension Fund to finance the benefits. The only 
obligation of the Group with respect to this pension 
plan is to make the specified contributions from sala-
ries. As At 31 December 2015 and 2014 the Group 
had no liabilities for supplementary pensions, health 
care, insurance benefits or retirement indemnities to 
its current or former employees.

(d) Compliance with covenants

The Group is subject to certain covenants related 
primarily to its borrowings. Non-compliance with 
such covenants may result in negative consequences 
for the Group. Group’s management is confident that 
as At 31 December 2015 the Group is not in breach 
of its loan agreements.

The amount of uncancellable lease commitments is 
insignificant.

108

Annual Report 2015

As of December 31, 2015 the Group does not pos-
sess any finance lease and hire purchase commit-
ments, capital commitments and guarantees.

(a) EBRD — breach of loan covenants

The Loan Agreement was signed 24 June 2016. This 
new Loan Agreement was discussed during 2015 
and first half of the 2016 in respect of new terms 
of its Loan Agreement. Terms suggest new repay-
ment schedule up to 1 December 2024. Company 
gained grace period till 01/03/2017. Beginning with 
01/03/2017 Company will pay tranches according 
to the new agreement.  The Board believes that the 
EBRD will not demand accelerated repayment of the 
loans due to the breach of the repayment schedule in 
2015.

(b) Foreign exchange rates

Post year end, the Ukrainian Hryvnia continued to 
devalue against the US Dollar. In particular according 
is the National Bank to Ukraine the following are key 
exchange rates:

Currency 

UAH/GBP 

UAH/USD 

UAH/EUR 

19 June  
2016

33,39

24,85

27,56

Annual Report 2015

109

  
110

Annual Report 2015

CORPORATE 
ADVISERS

Annual Report 2015

111

GROUP SECRETARY

UK LEGAL ADVISERS 

Bedell Secretaries Limited 
PO Box 75 
26 New Street 
St Helier 
Jersey JE2 3RA

NOMINATED ADVISER 
AND BROKER

ZAI Corporate Finance Ltd 
Staple Court,  
11 Staple Inn,  
London WC1V 7QH

INDEPENDENT 
AUDITORS

Baker Tilly Channel Islands Limited 
PO Box 437, 1st Floor,  
1st Floor, Kensington Chambers 
46/50 Kensington Place 
 St Helier, Jersey JE4 0ZE

Gowlings WLG 
4 More London 
London 
SE1 2AU United Kingdom

JERSEY LEGAL 
ADVISERS

Bedell Cristin  
PO Box 75 
26 New Street 
St Helier 
Jersey JE2 3RA

PRINCIPAL BANKERS

UBS SA 
40 rue du Rhone 
CH-1211 Geneva 
Switzerland

REGISTRARS

Neville Registrars Limited  
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane  
Halesowen B63 3DA

112

Annual Report 2015

SHAREHOLDER 
INFORMATION

Annual Report 2015

113

REGISTERED OFFICE

PO BOX 75

26 NEW STREET

ST HELIER

JERSEY JE2 3RA

REGISTERED NUMBER 88352 IN JERSEY

FINANCIAL CALENDAR 

31 December 2015  

Financial year end

30 June 2016  

Announcement of full year 2015 results

25 July 2016  

Annual General Meeting

ANALYSIS OF SHAREHOLDING 
AT 31 DECEMBER 2015

Size of shareholdings 

Up to 5,000 shares 

5,001 to 50,000 shares 

50,001 to 200,000 shares 

Over 200,000 shares 

TOTAL 

Number 
of holders 

% of total 

Total holdings,  
shares

% of total 

34 

29 

24 

14 

101 

34 

29 

24 

14 

100,00% 

61,505 

638,175 

2,901,521 

39,216,648 

42,817,849 

0,14

1,49

6,78

91,59

100.00

114

Annual Report 2015

 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2015 the founding shareholders 
Messrs Sergey Evlanchik and Alexander Slipchuk 
held 14,967,133 (34.96%) and 14,939,133 (34.89%) 
respectively; 3,144,800 or approximately 7.34% 
were held as treasury shares and 9,766,783 shares 
or approximately 22.81% were in the free float.

ADMINISTRATIVE 
ENQUIRIES

All enquiries relating to individual shareholder 
matters should be made to the registrar at: Neville 
Registrars, Neville House, 18 Laurel Lane, Halesow-
en, B63 3DA. The registrar will assist with enquir-
ies regarding any change of circumstances (e.g. 
name, address, bank account details, bereavement, 
lost certificates, dividend payment and transfer 
of shares). All correspondence should be clearly 
marked “Ukrproduct Group Ltd” and quote the full 
name and address of the registered holder of the 
shares.

INVESTOR RELATIONS

Sergiy Shpak

Phone: +380-44-232-96-02 
Fax: +380-44-289-16-30 
Email : sergiy.shpak@ukrproduct.com

Annual Report 2015

115