Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Packaged Foods / UkrProduct / FY2023 Annual Report

UkrProduct
Annual Report 2023

UKR · LSE Consumer Cyclical
Claim this profile
Ticker UKR
Exchange LSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Packaged Foods
Employees 501-1000
← All annual reports
FY2023 Annual Report · UkrProduct
Loading PDF…
Annual Report 

Ukrproduct Group 

Annual Report 2023 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Table of Contents 

Chairman and Chief Executive Statement ....................................................................................... 3 

The Board of Directors .................................................................................................................... 6 

Remuneration Committee Report .................................................................................................... 8 

Corporate Governance Report ....................................................................................................... 10 

Corporate Social Responsibility Report ........................................................................................ 13 

Directors’ Report ........................................................................................................................... 15 

Statements of Directors’ Responsibilities ...................................................................................... 18 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT ..................................................................................... 19 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ...................................... 26 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION ................................................ 27 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY ................................................. 28 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS ............................................................... 29 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ................................................... 30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Chairman and Chief Executive Statement 

Trading 

Ukrproduct  Group  Limited  (“Ukrproduct”,  the  “Company”  or,  together  with  its  subsidiaries,  the 
“Group”) is one of the leading Ukrainian producers and distributors of branded dairy foods and beverages 
(kvass).  

In  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2023  (“FY2023”),  Ukrproduct  continued  to  face  a  volatile 
operating environment due to the challenges of the war in Ukraine. As in 2022, one of the Group's key 
objectives was to ensure the safety of employees and maintain its operations and assets. 

Ukrproduct’s consolidated revenue in FY2023 increased by 8.0% in local currency. The general growth 
in sales was due to a focus on the development of key products, namely processed cheese and processed 
cheese products, the development of new product categories, snacks and beverages, and the expansion 
of the Group’s presence in retail chains. After currency translation, revenue decreased by 5.4% to £37.0 
million  year-on-year,  due  to  the  14.1%  impact  of  foreign  exchange  rates,  in  particular  reflecting  the 
depreciation of the Ukrainian hryvnia against the British pound sterling.   

In  the  processed  cheese  and  processed  cheese  product  category,  sales  amounted  to  £24.9  million, 
reflecting  a  revenue  increase  of  25.7%  in  local  currency  compared  with  the  previous  year.  Sales 
represented  an  increase  in  volume  of  12.4%.  This  was  mainly  attributable  to  the  increase  in  export 
volumes  to  the  Middle  East,  the  focus  of  marketing  campaigns  on  these  product  categories  and  the 
development of new items. 

In FY2023, butter sales amounted to £3.1 million, reflecting a revenue increase of 3.4% in local currency 
compared with the previous year, although sales represented a decline of 4.3% in volume. The Group 
took a flexible approach by prioritizing key sales channels, such as exports and major distributors. A 
significant increase in the purchase price of raw milk and bulk butter in Ukraine during the second half 
of 2023, rising logistics costs and strengthened market competition led to a decrease in the margins of 
butter sales. 

Sales of spreads decreased to £4.6 million in FY2023 compared with £5.6 million in the prior year. This 
constituted a decrease in sales of 6.0% in local currency and reduction of 12.9% in volume. The decrease 
was principally due to the increased competition in the market. 

Sales  generated  from  skimmed  milk  powder  decreased  significantly  by  52.1%  in  local  currency  to              
£1.1 million, compared with £2.5 million in the previous year. In terms of volume, skimmed milk powder 
sales decreased by 43.4%, which continues the dramatic decline seen in the previous period. Due to a 
significant reduction in prices for skimmed milk powder in 2023, the Group minimized its output of this 
product for sale in favour of utilizing semi-processed milk protein as an ingredient in the production of 
processed cheese. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Sales of kvass and beverages amounted to £1.8 million in FY2023, corresponding to a growth of 90.2% 
in local currency and 42.8% in terms of volume, in each instance compared with the previous period. The 
growth was due to the revival of full sales period in FY2023 whereas in FY2022 the sales season in key 
kvass sales regions was delayed till June due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. 

In FY2023, the Group’s administrative and selling expenses amounted to £4.1 million; a 0.4% increase 
compared  to  FY2022.  In  FY2023  the  Group  focused  on  carrying  out  trade  marketing  activities,  in 
particular providing discounts to customers and consumers, rather than on advertising campaigns. As a 
result, marketing costs were reduced by 51.3% compared with the previous year. The changes in other 
types  of  expenses  were  mainly  driven  by  sales  dynamics  and  routine  business  activities  throughout 
FY2023. In contrast, in FY2022, following the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Group was 
forced to temporarily suspend or minimise some of its activities and processes. 

Other operating expenses in FY2023 totaled £1.1 million (FY2022: £1.6 million), including losses from 
impairment of stock of supplementary products that the Group was unable to sell for export due to the 
blockade of Ukrainian Black Sea ports, as well as minor fines and some VAT losses.  

The Group’s operations recorded an EBITDA of £2.4 million, representing a strong increase of 32.8% 
year on year. The Group’s EBITDA margin improved from 4.6% to 6.5%. 

Finance costs in FY2023 grew by 67.6% year on year, to £0.78 million, primarily driven by increased 
interest rates and recognized additional interest expenses for the European Bank for Reconstruction and 
Development (“EBRD”) loan for the previous periods. In June 2023, notwithstanding the challenging 
operating environment due to the war in Ukraine, the EBRD decided to exercise its right under the loan 
agreement and increased the interest rate on the loan retrospectively from September 2021. 

Net profit after tax for FY2023 amounted to £0.4 million, a swing of £1.2 million compared to FY2022 
(loss: £0.8m), principally driven by the significantly lower currency translation losses, which are due to 
the devaluation of the Ukrainian hryvnia against the British pound and Euro. 

Financial Position 

As  at  31  December  2023,  Ukrproduct  reported  net  assets  of  £4.5  million  including  cash  balances  of        
£0.4  million,  compared  to  net  assets  of  £4.6  million  as  at  31  December  2022  and  cash  balances  of               
£0.4 million. 

For the year ended 31 December 2023, the Group continued to be in breach of several provisions of the 
loan  agreement  with  the  EBRD.  The  Group  failed  to  repay  Tranche  A  (aggregate  EUR  2.1  million 
principal, equivalent to £1.8 million) before the maturity date of 1 December 2022 and has missed interest 
payments since 1 March 2022. In June 2023 the EBRD notified the Group about a recalculation and an 
increased interest rate in respect of the aggregate EUR 5.7 million (equivalent to £4.9 million) principal 
and interest of Tranche A and Tranche B from 1 September 2021.  

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

The  Group  has  been  negotiating  with  the  EBRD  since  June  2021  to  potentially  restructure  the  loan 
repayment and active negotiations are ongoing but have been slowed down owing to the ongoing war in 
Ukraine.  At  present,  the  EBRD  has  taken  no  action  to  accelerate  repayment  of  the  loan.  The  Group 
resumed repayment of interest to EBRD starting from December 2023. 

In January 2024, after the period end, the Group fully repaid the previous working capital loan of UAH 
63.8 million (GBP 1.3 million) and arranged a new facility of UAH 70.0 million (GBP 1.4 million), with 
the same Ukrainian bank, for general working capital purposes. The new facility has a significantly lower 
interest of 9% (against 20% on the repaid previous facility). 

Outlook 

The  Group  continues  to  make  every  effort  to  navigate  its  strategy  in  a  very  challenging  business 
environment, not least ensuring a stable power supply and responding to new challenges. In 2024, the 
Group  expects  to  focus  on  maintaining  existing  production  facilities,  sustaining  sales  volumes  and 
ongoing improvement of operational efficiency.  

Sergey Evlanchik 

Interim Chairman 

      Oleksandr Slipchuk 

      Chief Executive Officer 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

The Board of Directors 
As of the date of the approval of the 2023 Annual Report, the Board members are as follows: 

Name 
Sergey Evlanchik 
Oleksandr Slipchuk 
Yuriy Hordiychuk 

Position 
Interim Chairman - Executive Director 
Chief Executive Officer 
Chief Operational Officer 

Date appointed 

 April 2008 
November 2004 
January 2013 

All directors were re-elected at Annual General Meeting (AGM) on 3 August 2023. 

Jack Rowell 
Non-Executive Chairman – Retired on June 19, 2024 

Jack Rowell has acted as Chairman of a number of companies in the public and private sector, mainly 
within the food production industry. He was previously an executive director on the board of Dalgety plc 
responsible for the consumer foods division. Jack also served as Chairman of Celsis plc. He has also been 
Manager of Bath Rugby, then the Champions of England and the English national team. Prior to this, 
Jack Rowell was CEO of Golden Wonder Ltd. and Lucas Food Ingredients (also part of the Dalgety Food 
Group). He was educated at Oxford University and is a Chartered Accountant.  

Jack Rowell has retired from the Board as of 19 June 2024 following a 19 year tenure as Chairman. 

Oleksandr Slipchuk 
Chief Executive Officer 

Oleksandr Slipchuk is responsible for the Group’s overall performance and strategy implementation and 
is a founder of Ukrproduct Group. He studied at Far-Eastern High Engineering Marine School in USSR 
and graduated as a maritime navigator in 1989. Together with Sergey Evlanchik,  Oleksandr established 
the securities house Alfa-Broker in 1994, developed the equity trading business and acquired initial stakes 
in  the  companies  that  later  became  part  of  Ukrproduct  Group.  Later  in  1998,  Oleksandr  took  on  the 
executive positions at the Molochnik and the Starokonstantynivsky Dairy plants, Ukrproduct’s two main 
operating assets. 

Sergey Evlanchik  
Interim Chairman - Executive Director 

Sergey  Evlanchik  received  his  Master’s  degree  at  Oxford  University,  where  he  studied  Business 
Administration at Said Business School. Together with Oleksandr Slipchuk, he established the equity 
trading  group,  Alfa-Broker in  1994  and  after  the downturn  of  equity  markets  in  1998,  Mr  Evlanchik 
refocused his activities on business development in the industrial sector of Ukraine, particularly within 
the dairy industry, where he joined the companies that would subsequently form Ukrproduct Group in 
2004.  Sergey  then  led  the  Group  to  its  successful  listing  on  the  AIM  market  of  the  London  Stock 
Exchange in 2005. 

energy 

In 2011 under the leadership of Sergey Evlanchik the Group secured debt finance with EBRD focused 
on 
facilities. 
Sergey is also a partner in Rengy Development that is focused on development of renewable projects – 
mainly solar power generation in Ukraine. 

efficiency  upgrade  of 

existing  production 

and  production 

the 

After Jack Rowell retired from the Board Sergey Evlanchik agreed to become Interim Chairman on a 
temporary basis, in addition to his role as Executive Director of Ukrproduct. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Yuriy Hordiychuk 
Chief Operational Officer 

Yuriy Hordiychuk has been with the Group since 2002. Firstly, he was Director of Procurement, and in 
2005 was promoted to Director of Production. The next significant step in the career of Mr. Hordiychuk 
was taken in 2008, when the owners of Ukrproduct Group appointed him as Chief Operational Officer 
of  the  Company.  Yuriy  has  a  successful  track  record  of  business  administration  and  a  degree  in 
“Production Organization Management”. 

Senior Management 

Andrii Honcharuk  
Chief Financial Officer 

Andrii Honcharuk joined the Group in September 2021 and has overall control and responsibility for all 
financial  aspects  of  Company  strategy.  He  holds  a  Master`s  degree  in  Finance  and  has  17  years’ 
experience in corporate finance, including 11 years in managerial positions.

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Remuneration Committee Report 

This report is prepared by the Remuneration Committee of the Board and sets out the Group’s policy on 
the remuneration of the Directors, with a description of service agreements and remuneration packages 
for each Director in relation to the financial year ended 31 December 2023. Subsequent to the year end, 
on  19  June  2024  Jack  Rowell  retired  as  Chairman  and  Sergey  Evlanchik  agreed  to  become  Interim 
Chairman  on  a  temporary  basis,  in  addition  to  his  role  as  Executive  Director  of  Ukrproduct,  until  a 
replacement independent Non-Executive Chairperson is appointed, at which time the composition of the 
Board Committees will be updated. 

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee comprises one Non-Executive Director, Jack Rowell. This Committee is 
scheduled to meet at least twice per annum to advise the Board on the Group’s remuneration strategy and 
to determine the terms of employment and total remuneration of the respective Executive Directors of 
the Group and of its subsidiary companies, including the granting of share options. Among others, the 
objective of this Committee is to attract, retain and motivate Executives capable of delivering the Group’s 
objectives. The Remuneration Committee is also responsible for the evaluation of the performance of 
Executive Directors. 

The  board  members  were  invited  to  discuss  issues  on  the  Remuneration  Committee,  which  held  two 
meetings during 2023. 

Remuneration Policy 

The Group’s remuneration policy is to provide remuneration packages which: 

 
 
 
 

 

are designed to attract, motivate and retain high calibre Executives; 
are competitive and in line with comparable businesses; 
are rooted in practices exercised in countries where the Group operates; 
intend to align the interests of the Executives with those of the shareholders by means of fixed and 
performance related remuneration; and 
set challenging performance targets and motivate Executives to achieve those targets both in the 
short and long-term. 

Base salary 

The Committee on an annual basis reviews base salaries of the respective Executive Directors of the 
Company and its subsidiaries, taking into account job responsibilities, competitive market rates and the 
performance  of  the  Executive  concerned.  Consideration  is  also  given  to  the  cost  of  living  and  the 
Director’s professional experience. While determining the base salaries, the Committee also considers 
general aspects of the employment terms and conditions of employees elsewhere in the Group. 

Incentive Bonus Plans and Equity Arrangements 

The  Committee  continues  to  plan  to  introduce  long-term  equity  incentive  arrangements  to  make  the 
overall Executive Remuneration structure more performance-related, more competitive and aligned with 
shareholders’ interests subject to an improving environment in Ukraine. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Service contracts 

The appointments of the respective Executive Directors of the Company and its subsidiaries are valid for 
an indefinite period and may be terminated with three months’ notice given by either party at any time. 

The Group’s policy, including for individual subsidiaries, for compensation for loss of office is to provide 
compensation that reflects the Group’s or a subsidiary’s contractual obligations. 

Bonus Scheme 

The  Committee  has  established  a  cash  bonus  scheme  for  Executive  Directors  based  on  the  overall 
performance of the Group and/or respective subsidiary company and attainment of the operating profit 
targets. Annual bonus for the Executive Directors on the basis of 2022 extraordinary circumstances and 
financial results was approved in the amount of £110,000 in FY2023.  

Non-Executive Directors 

The appointments of non-executive Directors are valid for an indefinite period and may be terminated 
with three months’ notice given by either party, at any time. The decision to re-appoint, as well as the 
determination  of  the  fees  of  the  non-executive  Directors,  rests  with  the  Board.  The  non-executive 
Directors may accept appointments with other companies, although any such appointment is subject to 
the Board’s approval, terms, and conditions of Service Agreements. 

Directors’ remuneration 

Details of the Directors’ cash remuneration are outlined below. Information in the table has been audited. 

Annual Salary/fee  Bonus 

2023 
£ 000 

2022 
£ 000 

2023 
£ 000 

Non-cash 
compensation 
2022 
2023 
2022 
£ 000 
£ 000  £ 000 

cash 

Total 
remuneration  
2022 
2023 
£ 000 
£ 000 

Executive 

Oleksandr Slipchuk 
Sergey Evlanchik 
Yuriy Hordiychuk 

Non-Executive 
Jack Rowell 
General manager 
Yuriy Hordiychuk* 

90.0 
70.0 
50.3 
210.3 

45.0 
35.0 
15.0 
95.0 

45.0 
35.0 
30.0 
110.0 

45.0 

22.5 

9.7 

10.9 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

135.0 
105.0 
80.3 
320.3 

45.0 
35.0 
15.0 
95.0 

45.0 

22.5 

9.7 

10.9 

*This relates to fees paid to Yuriy Hordiychuk for general management services under a separate contract 
to his service contract. 

Share based payments 

As at 31 December 2023 there are no outstanding options issued by Group. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Corporate Governance Report 

Corporate Governance Policy 
As an AIM-quoted company, the Company is required to apply a recognised corporate governance code, 
demonstrating how the Group complies with such corporate governance code and where it departs from 
it. 

The Directors of the Company have formally made the decision to apply the Quoted Companies Alliance 
Corporate Governance Code (the “QCA Code”). The Board recognises the principles of the QCA Code, 
which  focuses  on  the  creation  of  medium  to  long-term  value  for  shareholders  without  stifling  the 
entrepreneurial spirit in which small to medium sized companies, such as Ukrproduct Group Limited, 
have been created. The Company will provide annual updates on its compliance with the QCA Code in 
its Annual Report. 

Subsequent  to  the  financial  year  end,  on  19  June  2024  Jack  Rowell  retired  as  Chairman  and  Sergey 
Evlanchik agreed to become Interim Chairman on a temporary basis, in addition to his role as Executive 
Director of  Ukrproduct,  until  a replacement  independent  Non-Executive  Chairperson  is  appointed,  at 
which time the Corporate Governance Policy and composition of the Board Committees will be updated.   

The Board 
The  Board  now  consists  of  three  Executive  Directors  with  one  of  those  acting  as  Interim 
Chairmanreflecting a blend of different experience and backgrounds. The Board acknowledges that there 
is  now  no  director  who  can  be  classified  as  an  independent  Non-Executive  Director  under  the  QCA 
guidelines. The Company is currently searching for a new independent Non-Executive Director. 

The  Board  meets  four  times  a  year.  At  these  quarterly  meetings  the  Board,  inter  alia,  discusses  the 
implementation  of  strategy,  reviews  financial  progress  and  evaluates  the  individual  and  collective 
accountability of the Board. 

The Group’s day-to-day operations are managed by the Executive Directors. All Directors have access 
to the Company Secretary and any Director needing independent professional advice in the furtherance 
of their duties may obtain this advice at the expense of the Group. 

When a new independent Non-Executive Director will be appointed, the Board will be satisfied that it 
has a suitable balance between independence on the one hand, and knowledge of the Company on the 
other,  to  enable  it  to  discharge  its  duties  and  responsibilities  effectively,  and  that  all  Directors  have 
adequate time to fill their roles. 

Details  of  the  current  Directors,  their  roles  and  background  are  set  out  on  the  Company’s  website 
at  http://ukrproduct.com/en/investor-relations-aim-rule-26/board-of-directors/  

The role of the Chairman is to provide leadership of the Board and ensure its effectiveness on all aspects 
of  its  remit  to  maintain  control  of  the  Group.  In  addition,  the  Chairman  is  responsible  for  the 
implementation and practice of sound corporate governance. The Interim Chairman is not considered 
independent. A new appointee will be and he or she will have adequate separation from the day-to-day 
running of the Group. 

The  role  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  is  for  the  strategic  development  of  the  Group  and  for 
communicating it clearly to the Board and, once approved by the Board, for implementing it. In addition, 
the Chief Executive Officer is responsible for overseeing the management of the Group and its executive 
management. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Application of the QCA Code 

It is the Board’s job to ensure that the Group is managed for the long-term benefit of all shareholders and 
other stakeholders with effective and efficient decision-making. Corporate governance is an important 
part of that job, reducing risk and adding value to the Group. The Board will continue to monitor the 
governance framework of the Group as it grows. 

The Company remains committed to listening to, and communicating openly with, its shareholders to 
ensure that its strategy, business model and performance are clearly understood. The AGM is a forum 
for shareholders to engage in dialogue with the Board. The results of the AGM will be published via 
RNS and on the Company’s website. Regular progress reports are also made via a Regulatory Information 
Service.  The  point  of  contact  for  shareholders  is  Andrii  Honcharuk,  Chief  Financial  Officer, 
andrii.honcharuk@ukrproduct.com.  

The  Company’s  management  maintains  a  close  dialogue  with  local  communities  and  its  workforce. 
Where issues are raised, the Board takes the matters seriously and, where appropriate, steps are taken to 
ensure that these are integrated into the Company’s strategy. 

Both the engagement with local communities and the performance of all activities in an environmentally 
and  socially  responsible  way  are  closely  monitored  by  the  Board  and  ensure  that  ethical  values  and 
behaviours are recognised. 

Corporate Governance Committees 
The  Board  has  two  committees,  which  will  be  comprised  of  the  new  independent  Non-Executive 
Chairman when appointed.  The committees are as follows: 

The Audit Committee 
The terms of reference of the Audit Committee are to assist all the Directors in discharging the individuals 
of appropriate ability and experience and to help in promoting the following: 

  The Group’s financial and accounting systems provide accurate and up-to-date information on its 

current financial position, including all significant issues and going concern; 

  The integrity of the Group’s financial statements and any formal announcements relating to the 
Group’s financial performance and reviewing significant financial reporting judgments contained 
therein are monitored; 

  The Group’s published financial statements represent a true and fair reflection of this position; 
and taken as a whole are balanced and understandable, providing the information necessary for 
shareholders to assess the Group’s performance, business model and strategy; 

  The  external  audit  is  conducted  in  an  independent,  objective  thorough,  efficient  and  effective 

manner, through discussions with management and the external auditor; and 

  A  recommendation  is  made to  the  Board  for  it  to  put  to  shareholders  at  a  general  meeting,  in 
relation to the reappointment, appointment and removal of the external auditor and to approve the 
remuneration and terms of engagement of the external auditor. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Remuneration Committee 
The terms of reference of the Remuneration Committee are to: 

 

recommend  to  the  Board  a  framework  for  rewarding  senior  management,  including  Executive 
Directors, bearing in mind the need to attract and retain individuals of the highest calibre and with 
the appropriate experience; and 

  ensure that the elements of the remuneration package are competitive and help in promoting the 

Group. 

Nominations Committee 
Given the Company’s size, the Board has not considered it appropriate to have a Nominations Committee. 

Internal control 
The  Directors  acknowledge  their  responsibility  for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal  control,  which  is 
designed  to  ensure  adherence  to  the  Group’s  policies  whilst  safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  Group,  in 
addition  to  ensuring  the  completeness  and  accuracy  of  the  accounting  records.  Responsibility  for 
implementing  a system  of  internal  financial  control  is  delegated  to  Andrii  Honcharuk,  the CFO.  The 
essential elements of the Group’s internal financial control procedures involve: 

  Strategic  business  planning:  strategic  business  planning  is  undertaken  annually.  This  includes 

financial budget for the following year. 

  Performance review: the Directors aim to monitor the Group’s performance through the preparation 

of monthly management accounts and regular reviews of expenditure and projections. 

  The internal control system: the internal control system is further enforced by the Group’s internal 
audit  department  with  the  main  objectives  of  ensuring  the  safety  of  the  Group’s  assets  and  the 
reliability of accounting records. 

Departure from the QCA Code 
In  accordance with  the AIM  Rules  for  Companies,  the  Company  departs  from  the QCA  Code in  the 
following ways: 

Principle 5: “Maintain the board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair.” 
The Company does not comply with the recommendation of Principle 5 that the Board should have at 
least two independent non-executive directors. The Company currently has no Non-Executive Directors, 
but this will be rectified in the near term with the appointment of a new Non-Executive Chairman who 
will also be considered to be independent.  The Company  has three Executive Directors. The Executive 
Directors have valuable industry knowledge and are integral to the running of the business.  

Principle  7  –  “Evaluate  board  performance  based  on  clear  and  relevant  objectives,  seeking 
continuous improvement.” 
The Board is small and extremely focussed on implementing the Company’s strategy. However, given 
the  size  and  nature  of  the  Company,  the  Board  does  not  consider  it  appropriate  to  have  a  formal 
performance evaluation procedure in place, as described and recommended in Principle 7 of the QCA 
Code. The Board will closely monitor the situation as it grows. 

Sergey Evlanchik 

Interim Chairman 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Corporate Social Responsibility Report 

Corporate Social Responsibility 

The Board is committed to developing and implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies 
aimed at: 

 

 

 

 

 

Promoting equality and fairness among employees, partners and suppliers  

Ensuring safe working conditions  

Maintaining the Group’s corporate reputation and dedication to business ethics  

Supporting the communities in which the Group operates  

Establishing long-term and healthy relationships with the Group’s partners, customers and other 
affiliated parties.  

The main elements of the Group’s approach towards fulfilling the above objectives are as follows: 

Employees 

The  Group  is  committed  to  ensuring  equal  opportunities  to  all  its  employees,  both  current  and 
prospective. Each employee’s efforts are highly valued and the Board believes that a diverse mix of the 
workforce  facilitates  innovation,  efficiency  and  teamwork.  As  a  matter  of  corporate  policy,  regular 
training  and  development  workshops  are  conducted  for  Ukrproduct’s  staff.  These  are  aimed  at  all 
employee groups, including managerial, technical and production personnel. The training programmes 
encourage staff to progress up the career ladder and are central to the Group’s continuing growth and 
success.  

Health and safety 

Management  at  business  units  within  the  Group  are  responsible  for  developing  and  maintaining  the 
underlying  practices  that  provide  for  a  safe  working  environment.  Special  attention  is  given  to  the 
production  facilities,  where  the  equipment,  including  lighting,  air  conditioning,  workspace  and  other 
constituents, undergo constant reviews and improvements. Regular monitoring is carried out to ensure 
that  the  required  standards  are  met  and  that  employees  use  the  provided  communication  channels  to 
further improve their surrounding working conditions. 

Customers 

Customer  satisfaction  is  at  the  core  of  the  Group’s  business  model.  Therefore,  the  Board  is  keen  to 
continue  supplying  the  customers  with  high  quality,  affordable  products  required  by  current  market 
demands. The Group’s segmentation practices are aimed at segregating various customer groups in order 
to meet their respective needs with maximum efficiency. In addition, regular market research and surveys 
are conducted to ensure maximum value is consistently offered to customers. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Environment  

The  Group  recognises  the  importance  of  good  environmental  practices  and  seeks  to  minimise  any 
negative impact that its operations or products might have on the production sites and surrounding areas. 
The Group adopted the environmental laws and regulations of Ukraine to reduce, control and eliminate 
various  types  of  pollution  and  to  protect  natural  resources.  Ukrproduct  monitors  and  controls  all  its 
production  facilities  regularly  in  order  to  ensure  that  air  quality  is  not  adversely  impacted  by  its 
operations. The Group focuses on cutting water and energy consumption, as well as reducing the volumes 
of  waste.  Collection  and  processing  of  waste  have  been  organised  through  the  local  waste  collection 
plants. The Group’s development programme puts specific emphasis on acquiring and installing only the 
most advanced and environmentally friendly production and auxiliary equipment. 

Food safety  

Food safety is one of key priorities for the Group. Ukrproduct is committed to produce high quality and 
safe food and ensures that high standards are maintained within its supplier base. The certified food safety 
management system in compliance with ISO 22000 was implemented by the Group. This system provides 
the possibility of fully monitoring all production stages - from forage control and sound health of the 
cattle to the final product distribution. 

Community support  

The Group is keen to further enhance and maintain its partnership with local communities by supporting 
their  initiatives  and  charitable  events.  The  Group  contributes  cash  donations  and  gifts,  as  well  as 
employee time, by encouraging staff to participate as volunteers. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their report and the audited consolidated financial statements of Ukrproduct Group 
Limited (referred to as the “Сompany” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Group”) for the year ended    
31 December 2023. 

Principal Activities and Business Review 

Ukrproduct is a holding company for a group of food and beverages businesses located in Ukraine. The 
principal activities of the Group are the production and distribution of highly branded dairy foods and 
beverages (kvass) in Ukraine and for export of milk powder. The Group is one of the leading branded 
food producers in Ukraine with its own nationwide distribution network. More detailed commentary on 
the Group’s activities during the year, its financial performance, future plans, and prospects are outlined 
in the Chairman and Chief Executive Statement.  

Results and Dividends 

The results of the Group for the year are set out on the page 25. The Group recorded a net financial profit 
of £0.4 million in 2023, compared to a loss of £0.8 million in 2022. The effect of exchange rates led to 
the Group reporting a net foreign exchange loss of £0.4 million (2022: £1.1 million loss).  

The  Board  has  decided  not  to  recommend  the  payment  of  a  dividend  in  respect  of  the  year  ended 
31 December 2023. 

Directors 
Details of members of the Board of Directors are shown on page 6. 

The Directors’ interests in the share capital of the Company as at 31 December 2023 and 31 December 
2022 are shown below: 

Shares 

Share options 

2023 

2022 

2023 

2022 

14,967,133 

14,967,133 

14,939,133 

14,939,133 

- 

- 

138,690 

138,690 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Executive 

Sergey Evlanchik 

Oleksandr Slipchuk 

Yuriy Hordiychuk 

Non-executive 

Jack Rowell 

Powers of the Directors 

Subject to the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association, Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as 
amended and any directions given by special resolution, the business of the Company shall be managed 
by  the  Directors  who  may  exercise  all  such  powers  of  the  Company.  The  rules  in  relation  to  the 
appointment and replacement of Directors are set out in the Сompany’s Articles of Association. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

Financial Risks Facing the Group 

The principal financial risks of the business are credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk, including fair 
value or cash flow interest-rate risk, foreign exchange risk and commodity price risk. The main purpose 
of  the  Group's  risk  management  programme  is  to  evaluate,  monitor  and  manage  these  risks  and  to 
minimise potential adverse effects on the Group's financial performance  and shareholders. The Chief 
Financial Officer of the Group is in charge of risk management and implementation of all policies as 
approved by the Board of Directors. 

For further details of the Group’s risk management please see Note 5 on page 54-59. 

Employees 

The Group is committed to ensuring provision of equal opportunities for all employees, which is reflected 
by its selection, recruitment and training policies. The Group considers its employees to be one of its 
most  valuable  assets  and  rewards  high  performance  through  competitive  remuneration  and  incentive 
schemes. The Directors also consider it a priority to give employees the opportunity to communicate 
their ideas and opinions  to all levels of management, both directly and through various surveys.  The 
average  number  of  employees  of  the  Group  during  the  year  ended  31  December  2023  was  813               
(2022: 836). 

Payment Policy 

The Group has a general set of guidelines for paying its suppliers based on specific criteria. However, it 
is normal practice to agree payment terms with a specific supplier when entering into a purchase contract. 
The Group seeks to abide by the payment terms agreed whenever it is satisfied that the goods or services 
have been provided in accordance with the agreed terms and conditions. 

Going Concern 

At  the  time  of  publication  of  this  report  the  war  is  ongoing  and  the  significant  general  uncertainties 
inherent to the continued war exist, which began on 24 February 2022. The Group’s management has 
analyzed the observable impact of the war on its business as described below, and has taken the following 
actions in response to the current situation:  

- For the period after the Russian invasion of Ukraine 61 employees joined Ukrainian military forces and 
territorial defense. Personnel of production facilities and central office remained in their working area or 
worked  remotely.  While  personnel-related  challenges  have  been  manageable  so  far,  the  anticipated 
escalation of conscription efforts in Ukraine heightens operational risks for the Group.  

-  No  critical  assets  preventing  the  Group  from  continuing  operations  are  damaged  or  located  in  the 
uncontrolled  territories.  The  Group  optimized  utilization  of  production  facilities  to  meet  domestic 
demand and export orders. 

- All of the Group’s inventories are in good condition and are in safe storage. 

- Export sales flow via Ukrainian ports was reduced significantly. Alternative export routes are expanded 
in  length  and  significantly  more  expensive  in  comparison  with  sea  ones.  Black  Sea  ports  in  Ukraine 
remain blocked for export activities. 

-  Due  to  the  constant  Russian  shelling  targeting  vital  Ukrainian  energy  infrastructure  the  Group  is 
prepared to mitigate possible disruptions to its operations, equipped its key assets with diesel generators.  

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report 

In January 2024, after the period end, the Group repaid the previous working capital loan of UAH 63.8 
million (GBP  1.3 million) and arranged a new facility in the amount of UAH 70.0 million (GBP 1.4 
million),with  the  same  Ukrainian  bank,  for  general  working  capital  purposes.  The  new  facility  has  a 
significantly lower interest rate of 9% (against 20% on the repaid previous facility). 

For the year ended 31 December 2023, the Group continued to be in breach of several provisions of the 
loan  agreement  with  the  EBRD.  The  Group  failed  to  repay  Tranche  A  (aggregate  EUR  2.1  million 
principal, equivalent to £1.8 million) before the maturity date of 1 December 2022 and has missed interest 
payments since 1 March 2022. In June 2023 the EBRD notified the Group about a recalculation and an 
increased interest rate in respect of the aggregate EUR 5.7 million (equivalent to £4.9 million) principal 
and interest of Tranche A and Tranche B from 1 September 2021. 

The  Group  has  been  negotiating  with  the  EBRD  since  June  2021  to  potentially  restructure  the  loan 
repayment and negotiations are ongoing but have been slowed owing to the ongoing war in Ukraine. At 
present, the EBRD has taken no action to accelerate repayment of the loan. The Group reverted to the 
repayment of interest for long-term credit line from the EBRD starting from December 2023.  

Management  acknowledges  that  future  development  of  military  actions  and  their  duration  as  well  as 
consequences of a covenant breach of the loan agreement with the EBRD represent major sources of 
material uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern and, therefore, the Group may be unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the 
normal  course  of  business.  Despite  the  single  material  uncertainty  relating  to  the  war  in  Ukraine, 
management is continuing to take actions to minimize the impact to the Group and thus believes that the 
application of the going concern assumption for the preparation of these consolidated financial statements 
is appropriate. 

Annual General Meeting 

Ukrproduct’s AGM will be held on 1 August 2024. The Notice of AGM will be sent to shareholders no 
less than 21 days prior to the date of the meeting. 

Auditors 

Moore Stephens Audit & Assurance (Jersey) Limited was appointed as the Group’s auditors for the 2023 
financial year by the resolution of the Directors held on 3 August 2023. A resolution to reappoint them 
will be proposed at the forthcoming AGM. 

Statement as to disclosure of information to the auditor 

All of the current Directors have taken the necessary steps to make themselves aware of any information 
needed by the Group's auditors for the purposes of their audit and to establish that the auditors are aware 
of that information. The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which the auditors 
are unaware. 

Sergey Evlanchik                                                                                                         

Interim Chairman                           

24 June 2024 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Directors’ Responsibilities 

The Directors are responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with applicable Jersey law and other regulations and enactments in force at the time. The Companies 
(Jersey) Law 1991, as amended requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each year in 
accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Under that law, the Directors have elected 
to  prepare  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the United Kingdom. Under the Companies Law, the Directors must not 
approve the consolidated financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view 
of the state of affairs of the Group and of its profit or loss for the period ended. 

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

 

 

 

 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

make judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

state  that  the  financial  information  complies  with  IFRS  as  adopted  by  the  United  Kingdom, 
subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements; and 

prepare the consolidated financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate 
to presume that the Group will continue in business. 

The Board of Directors confirms that the Group has complied with the above mentioned requirements in 
preparing its consolidated financial statements. 

The Directors are also responsible for: 

 

 

 

 

implementing and maintaining an efficient and reliable system of internal controls in the Group; 

keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial 
position of the Group; 

taking reasonable steps to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and 
other irregularities; and 

the maintenance and integrity of the Group's website. 

On behalf of the Directors:  

Sergey Evlanchik                                                                                                          

Interim Chairman                           

24 June 2024 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Moore Stephens Audit & Assurance 
(Jersey) Limited 
1 Waverley Place  
Union Street, St Helier 
Jersey, Channel Islands JE4 8SG 

T +44 (0) 1534 880088 
E mail@moorestephens-jersey.com 

www.moorestephensci.com 

GST No: 0044828 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF UKRPRODUCT GROUP LIMITED 

Opinion 

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Ukrproduct Group Limited and its subsidiaries  
(the  “Group”)  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2023  which  comprise  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 December 2023, the 
consolidated  statement  of  changes  in  equity,  consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows  and  notes  to  the 
financial statements including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has 
been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards 
(‘IFRS’) as adopted by the United Kingdom. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements: 
•  give a true and fair view, of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 31 December 2023 and of its results 

for the year then ended; 

•  have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the United Kingdom; and 
•  have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. 

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  section  of  our  report.    We  are 
independent of the Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of 
the consolidated financial statements in Jersey, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed 
entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these  requirements.  We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
audit opinion. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

During our audit planning, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement 
in the consolidated financial statements including the consideration of where Directors made subjective 
judgements, for example, in respect of the assumptions that underlie significant accounting estimates 
and their assessment of future events that are inherently uncertain.  We tailored the scope of our audit 
in  order  to  perform  sufficient  work  to  enable  us  to  provide  an  opinion  on  the  consolidated  financial 
statements as a whole taking into account the Group, its accounting processes and controls and the 
industry in which it operates. 

Key Audit Matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our 
audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant 
assessed  risks  of  material  misstatement  (whether  or  not  due  to  fraud)  we  identified,  including  those 
which had the greatest effect on the overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit 
of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and  we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. 

An independent member firm of Moore Global Limited - 
member firms in principal cities throughout the world. 
The registered office address is: 1 Waverley Place, Union 
Street, St. Helier, Jersey, Channel Islands JE4 8SG 

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key Audit Matter 

Going Concern  

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have 
been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis  as 
discussed  in  note  2.  The  Group  is  in  a  net 
current liability position due to a breach of loan 
covenants.  The net current liability based on 
financial 
the  consolidated  statement  of 
position  amounted  to  £2.73  million  as  of  
31  December  2023.  We  included  the  going 
concern  assumption  as  a  key  audit  matter 
given  both  the  continuing  net  current  liability 
position  as  well  as  the  ongoing  Russian 
military action in Ukraine (Refer note 2.1 b to 
the consolidated financial statements). 

Risk of fraud in revenue recognition 

Revenue 
important 
is  material  and  an 
determinant of the Group’s performance and 
profitability. This gives rise to inherent risk that 
revenue  recognised  is  overstated  in  order  to 
present  more  profitable  results  for  the  year. 
The  Group’s  revenue  from  local  and  export 
sales  of  milk,  dairy  foods  and  beverages 
amounted  to  £36.99  million,  excluding  the 
charge  of  bonuses.  Given  the  magnitude  of 
the  amount  and  the  inherent  risk  of  revenue 
overstatement,  we 
revenue 
recognition to be a key audit matter (Refer to 
note 2.2.11 & 8). 

consider 

How the matter was addressed in the audit 

Key Observations 

Our work performed and our conclusions in respect 
of  going  concern  have  been  detailed  in  ‘Material 
uncertainty related to going concern section’ of our 
audit report. 

Our  main  audit  procedures  in  respect  of  revenue 
recognition were as follows: 

recognition, 

▪  We  obtained  an  understanding  of  the 
to 
policies  and  procedures  applied 
as 
revenue 
compliance 
an 
analysis of the effectiveness of the design 
and  implementation  of  controls  related  to 
revenue  recognition  employed  by 
the 
Group; 

as  well 
including 

therewith, 

▪  We  performed  sample  based  tests  of 
details over the accuracy and occurrence 
of  sales  during 
the  year  specially 
responsive to the risk of fraud in revenue 
occurrence; 

▪  We  performed  analytical  procedures, 
including gross profit margin analysis and 
obtained  explanations 
for  significant 
variances  as  compared  to  the  previous 
year; 

▪  We  tested  a  sample  of  journal  entries 
relating to income recognition by reference 
to supporting documents; 

▪  We performed sales cut-off procedures for 
a  sample  of  revenue  transactions  at  the 
year end in order to conclude on whether 
they  were  recognized 
the  correct 
accounting period; and,  

in 

▪  We  reviewed  the  disclosures  related  to 
revenue  included  in  the  notes  to  the 
consolidated financial statements. 

Key Observations 
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising  from 
the procedures performed in this area.  

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk of Management Override of Controls 

is 

in  unique  position 

Management 
to 
perpetrate  fraud  because  of  management's 
ability  to  manipulate  accounting  records  and 
prepare  fraudulent  financial  statements  by 
overriding controls that otherwise appear to be 
operating effectively. Although the level of risk 
of  management  override  of  controls  will  vary 
from  entity  to  entity,  the  risk  is  nevertheless 
present in all entities. Due to the unpredictable 
way in which such override could occur, it is a 
risk  of  material  misstatements  due  to  fraud 
and thus a significant risk. Also, the Group has 
voluminous 
requires 
complex calculations. 

transactions 

and 

Risk  of  Non-compliance  with 
covenants 

loan 

The Group has loans from European Bank for 
Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and 
there is a risk that the Group doesn’t meet the 
covenants  as  stated  in  the  loan  agreement. 
Violation of the Group’s loan covenants could 
have a potential material unfavourable impact 
to the Group. 

During  the  review  of  loan  agreements,  we 
is  non-compliance  with 
noted  that  there 
certain  covenant  contained  within 
those 
agreements,  particularly  on 
the  missed 
payments of principal  and  interests (Refer to 
financial 
to 
Note  24 
statements).  

the  consolidated 

Risk of Subsequent Events 

Due  to  the  ongoing  Russian  invasion  of 
Ukraine, there is a risk that future escalation 
of  military  actions  and  their  duration  could 
have a material impact to the Group. 

Our  main  audit  procedures 
respect  of 
Management Override of Controls were as follows: 

in 

▪  We  have  obtained  understanding  of  the 

financial reporting process. 

▪  We have reviewed opening balances and 

completeness of journals. 

▪  We  have  reviewed  high-risk  journals  as 

part of our testing. 

▪  We  have  reviewed  accounting  estimates 

and potential management bias. 

Key Observations 
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising  from 
the procedures performed in this area. 

Our  main  audit  procedures  in  respect  of  Non-
compliance with loan covenants were as follows: 

▪  We  have  recalculated  the  loan  covenant 
and  confirmed  that  they  are  according  to 
the terms of the loan. 

▪  We  have  reviewed  the  correspondences 

with EBRD. 

▪  We have checked the contract with EBRD 
in relation to their view and actions on the 
breach  of  terms  of  the  loan  agreement 
(loan covenants) and failure to pay interest 
and capital repayments. 

Key Observations 
We  have  noted  a  material  issue  arising  from  the 
procedures  performed  in  this  area.  The  specific 
instance  identified  by  our  audit  was:  missed 
principal and interest payments. 

in 
Our  main  audit  procedures 
Subsequent events were as follows: 

respect  of 

▪  We  have  obtained  understanding  of  the 
procedures  management  has  established 
to  ensure  that  subsequent  events  are 
identified. 

▪  We enquired of management whether any 
subsequent  events  have  occurred  which 
might affect the financial statements. 
▪  We  have  read  the  minutes  of  all  relevant 
meetings  since  the  end  of  the  reporting 
period to identify any relevant subsequent 
events, to include where applicable: 
a.  general meetings; 
b.  management meetings; 
c.  board meetings. 

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
▪  We  read  all  management  and  interim 
financial  statements  produced  since  the 
end of the reporting period. 

Key Observations 
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising  from 
the procedures performed in this area. 

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to note 2.1 (b), in the consolidated financial statements, which indicates the ongoing 
full-scale  military  invasion  of  Ukraine  launched  by  the  Russian  Federation,  and  that  the  Group  is  in 
breach of covenants in respect of its loan agreement with the European Bank for Reconstruction and 
Development (EBRD). These events have continued after the year end. These events and conditions, 
along with other matters as set in note 2.1 (b) to the consolidated financial statements, indicate that a 
material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

In auditing the consolidated financial statements, we have concluded that the use of the going concern 
basis  of  accounting  in  the  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  is  appropriate.  In 
assessing  the  appropriateness  of  the  going  concern  assumption  used  in  preparing  the  consolidated 
financial statements, our procedures included, amongst others: 

▪  Assessing the cash flow requirements of the Group over 12 months from expected signoff of 

these consolidated financial statements;  

▪  Understanding  what  forecast  expenditure  is  committed  and  what  could  be  considered 

discretionary;  

▪  Assessing the liquidity of existing assets on the consolidated statement of financial position that 

can be used to repay the Group’s obligations;  

▪  Considering  the  terms  of  the  EBRD  and  other  bank  loan  and  trade  finance  facilities  and  the 
amount available for drawdown as well as the probability of EBRD agreeing to restructure the 
facilities; 

▪  Considering the impact of the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine to the Group’s operations and 

the Group’s business continuity plan, if any; and, 

▪  Considering potential downside scenarios and the resultant impact on available funds. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described 
in the relevant sections of this report. 

Our application of materiality 

We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatements in the consolidated financial statements that 
makes it probable that the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable person would be changed 
or influenced. We use materiality to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent 
of our audit procedures and to evaluate the results of that work. Materiality was determined as follows: 

Consolidated financial statements as a whole: 
Materiality was calculated at £557,262 which is approximately 1.5% of Total Revenue. This benchmark 
is considered the most appropriate because, based on our professional judgement, we considered that 
this is the primary measure used by the users of the consolidated financial statements in assessing the 
performance of the Group. 

Communication of misstatements to the Board: 
We agreed with the Directors that any misstatement above £27,863 identified during our audit will be 
reported, together with any misstatement below that threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on 
qualitative grounds. 

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other information 

The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information 
included in the annual report set out on page 3 to 17 other than the consolidated financial  statements 
and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover 
the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the 
other  information  identified above when it becomes  available and, in doing so,  consider  whether  the 
other information is materially inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements, or our knowledge 
obtained  in  the  audits  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a 
material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements or a material misstatement of the other 
information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement 
of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept, or  
• 
• 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

Responsibilities of directors for the consolidated financial statements 

As explained more fully in  the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities on page  17, the Directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements which give a true and fair view, 
and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  Directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of 
consolidated  financial  statements  that  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or 
error. 

In  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the 
Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate 
the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion.   

Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.  Misstatements 
can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could 
reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the  economic  decisions  of  users  taken  on  the  basis  of  these 
consolidated financial statements. 

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Explanation  as  to  what  extent  the  audit  was  considered  capable  of  detecting  irregularities, 
including fraud 

The  objectives  of  our  audit,  in  respect  to  fraud,  are;  to  identify  and  assess  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement of the financial statements due to fraud; to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence 
regarding the assessed risks of material misstatement due to fraud, through designing and implementing 
appropriate responses; and to respond appropriately to fraud or suspected fraud identified during the 
audit. However, the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud rests with both those 
charged with governance of the entity and management.  

Our approach was as follows: 

•  We  obtained  an  understanding  of  the  legal  and  regulatory  frameworks  that  are  applicable  to  the 
Group and determined that the most significant are those that relate to the Companies (Jersey) Law 
1991 and the AIM Rules for Companies. We also reviewed the laws and regulations applicable to 
the Group that have an indirect impact on the financial statements. 

•  We gained an understanding of how the Group is complying with Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 and 
the AIM Rules for Companies by making inquiries of management. We corroborated our inquiries 
through  our  review  of  minutes  of  Board  of  Directors  meetings  and  the  review  of  various 
correspondence  examined  in  the  context  of  our  audit  and  noted  that  there  was  no  contradictory 
evidence. 

•  We  assessed  the  susceptibility  of  the  Group's  financial  statements  to  material  misstatement, 
including how fraud might occur, by meeting with management to understand where they considered 
there was susceptibility to  fraud.  We also considered performance targets  and their  propensity to 
influence  management  to  manage  earnings  and  revenue  by  overriding  internal  controls.  We 
performed specific procedures to respond to the fraud risk of inappropriate revenue recognition. Our 
procedures also included testing a risk-based sample of journal entries that may have been posted 
with  the  intention  of  overriding  internal  controls  to  manipulate  earnings.  These  procedures  were 
designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free from fraud or error. 

•  Based on this understanding, we designed specific appropriate audit procedures to identify instances 
of non-compliance with laws and regulations. This included making enquiries of management and 
those charged with governance and obtaining additional corroborative evidence as required. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the 
Financial Reporting Council's website at https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.This description 
forms part of our auditor's report. 

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Group’s shareholders as a body, in accordance with Article 113A of the 
Companies  (Jersey)  Law  1991.  Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the 
Group’s shareholders those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no 
other  purpose.  To  the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to 
anyone other than the Group and the Group’s shareholders as a body, for our audit work, for this report, 
or for the opinions we have formed. 

Phillip Callow 

For and on behalf of Moore Stephens Audit & Assurance (Jersey) Limited 
1 Waverley Place 
Union Street 
St Helier 
Jersey 
Channel Islands 
JE4 8SG 

24 June 2024 

DocuSign Envelope ID: F4724C3B-5F34-48F8-93F1-A155A50F4F31 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

Note 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
GROSS PROFIT 
Administrative expenses 
Selling and distribution expenses 
Other operating expenses 
PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS 
Net finance expenses 
Net foreign exchange loss 
PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAXATION 
Income tax  
PROFIT/(LOSS) FOR THE YEAR 
Attributable to: 
Owners of the Parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Earnings per share from continuing and total operations: 
Basic (pence) 
Diluted (pence) 

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss 
Currency translation differences 

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET OF TAX 
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 
Attributable to: 
Owners of the Parent 
Non-controlling interests 

8 
9 

9 
9 
9 

11 
10 

13 

26 
26 

36 992 
(30 140) 
6 852 
(1 569) 
(2 507) 
(1 074) 
1 702 
(781) 
(435) 
486 
(96) 
390 

390 
- 

0.98 
0.98 

(449) 

(449) 
(59) 

(59) 
- 

39 111 
(32 555) 
6 556 
(1 342) 
(2 719) 
(1 571) 
924 
(466) 
(1 113) 
(655) 
(149) 
(804) 

(804) 
- 

(2.03) 
(2.03) 

(550) 

(550) 
(1 354) 

(1 354) 
- 

The notes on pages 30 – 85 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Current taxes 
Other financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

Note 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

14 
15 

17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

7 158 
501 
7 659 

2 783 
5 400 
471 
38 
436 
9 128 
16 787 

7 916 
681 
8 597 

4 296 
3 073 
591 
35 
403 
8 398 
16 995 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to owners of the parent 
Share capital 
22 
Treasury shares                                                                                                 
23 
Share premium 
23 
Translation reserve 
23 
Revaluation reserve 
Retained earnings 
TOTAL EQUITY 

4 282 
(315)                  
4 562 
(15 986) 
5 797 
6 194 
4 534 

4 282 
(315)                  
4 562 
(15 537) 
6 005 
5 597 
4 594 

Non-Current Liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Bank loans 
Short-term payables 
Trade and other payables 
Current income tax liabilities 
Other taxes payable 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

16 

24 

25 

392 
392 

5 777 
609 
5 212 
64 
199 
11 861 
12 253 
16 787 

530 
530 

6 116 
493 
5 162 
48 
52 
11 871 
12 401 
16 995 

These consolidated financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors 
on 24 June 2024 and were signed on its behalf by: 

Oleksandr Slipchuk 
Chief Executive Officer  

The notes on pages 30 – 85 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

Attributable to owners of the parent 

Share 
capital 

Treasury 
shares 

Share 
premium 

Revaluation 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

Translation 
reserve 

Total 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

As At 31 
December 2021 

Loss for the year 
Currency translation 
differences 
Total 
comprehensive 
income 
Depreciation on 
revaluation of 
property, plant and 
equipment 
As At 31 
December 2022 

Profit for the year 

Currency translation 
differences 
Total 
comprehensive 
income 
Depreciation on 
revaluation of 
property, plant and 
equipment 
As At 31 
December 2023 

4 282 

(315) 

4 562 

6 348 

6 057 

(14 987) 

5 947 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(804) 

- 

- 

(550) 

(804) 

(550) 

(804) 

(550) 

(1 354) 

(343) 

343 

- 

- 

4 282 

(315) 

4 562 

6 005 

5 596 

(15 537) 

4 593 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

390 

- 

- 

390 

(449) 

(449) 

390 

(449) 

(59) 

(208) 

208 

- 

- 

4 282 

(315) 

4 562 

5 797 

6 194 

(15 986) 

4 534 

Non-
con-
trollin
g 
interes
ts 
£ ‘000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Total 
Equity 

£ ‘000 

5 947 

(804) 

(550) 

(1 354) 

- 

4 593 

390 

(449) 

(59) 

- 

4 534 

The notes on pages 30 – 85 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Profit/(Loss) before taxation 
Adjustments for: 
Exchange differences 
Depreciation and amortization 
Write off of receivables/payables 
Impairment of inventories 
Interest income 
Interest expense on bank loans 
Operation cash flow before working capital changes 
Decrease  in inventories 
Decrease / (Increase) in trade and other receivables 
Decrease in trade and other payables 
Changes in working capital 
Cash generated from operations 
Interest received 
Income tax paid 
Net cash generated from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 
Repayments of loans issued 
Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Interest paid 
Repayments of long term borrowing 
Net cash used in financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents including effect of 
exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents  

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

Note 

10 
9 
9 
9 
11 
11 

24 
24 

21 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

486 

435 
697 
58 
627 
(6) 
787 
3 084 
945 
(2 245) 
(366) 
(1 666) 
1 418 
6 
(106) 
1 318 

(582) 
(6) 
(588) 

(312) 
(4) 
(316) 

414 
(381) 

33 

403 
436 

(655) 

1 113 
882 
1 065 
121 
(6) 
471 
2 991 
94 
3 116 
(4 986) 
(1 776) 
1 215 
6 
(201) 
1 020 

(409) 
(2) 
(411) 

(292) 
- 
(292) 

317 
(226) 

91 

312 
403 

The notes on pages 30 – 85 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.  GROUP AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 

(a) 

Introduction 

Ukrproduct Group Limited (the “Company”) is a public limited liability company registered in Jersey 
with a registered office at 26 New Street, St Helier, Jersey, JE2 3RA, Channel Islands. 

The Group’s overall management and production facilities are based in Ukraine, with the Head Quarters 
in Kyiv. The Group commands leading positions in the Ukrainian processed cheese and packaged butter 
markets and owns a range of widely recognisable trademarks in Ukraine, including “Nash Molochnik” 
(translated  as  Our  Dairyman),  “Narodniy  Product”  (People’s  Product)  “Molendam”  and  “Vershkova 
Dolina”  (Creamy  Valley).  The  average  number  of  employees  of  the  Group  during  the  year  ended                
31 December 2023 was 813 (2022: 836). 

(b)  Share capital 

Significant shareholders of the Company as at 31 December are as follows: 

Ukrproduct Group 
Oleksandr Slipchuk 
Sergey Evlanchik 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 

34.89% 
34.96% 

34.89% 
34.96% 

As  at  31  December  2023,  7.34%  (2022:  7.34%)  of  the  Company’s  issued  share  capital  was  held  in 
treasury. 

(c)  Ukrainian environment 

Despite the ongoing war, Ukraine’s economy grew by 5.3% in 2023 compared to 2022, when the figure 
fell by 28.8% year-over-year according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. In 2023 nominal GDP 
amounted to UAH 6.54 trillion, with a deflator change of 18.5%. After peaking at 26.6% at the end of 
2022, consumer price inflation in Ukraine slowed to 5.1% in 2023. This is mainly attributed to better 
harvests, lower global energy prices and the NBU monetary policy actions in 2023. 

High adaptability of businesses and households to operating in wartime played an important role. Ukraine 
suffered further losses and destruction as full-scale war dragged on throughout 2023. Specifically, attacks 
on energy infrastructure continued and electricity shortages persisted at the beginning of 2023. However, 
the  energy  sector  situation  stabilized  in  the  second  half  of  February  2023,  thanks  primarily  to  quick 
repairs  and  reinforced  air  defense  capabilities.  Coupled  with  the  high  resilience  of  businesses  and 
households and a loose fiscal policy, this led to a significant slowing, to 10.3%, of the fall in GDP in Q1 
2023, compared to the 30.6% plunge in Q4 2022, and put GDP back on a growth track later in 2023: Q2 
2023 - by 19.2% y/y, Q3 2023  – by 9.6% y/y, and Q4 2023 – by 4.7% y/y. In the summer of 2023, the 
Russian military destroyed the Kakhovka HPP, flooding large swaths of land and causing water supply 
disruptions in the areas south of the HPP site. Air raids halted business activity, causing a noticeable 
adverse impact throughout 2023.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

1. 

(c) 

GROUP AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES (continued) 

Ukrainian environment (continued) 

According  to  the  Ministry  of  Agrarian  Policy  and  Food,  over  the  2023  year,  the  number  of  cows  in 
Ukraine decreased by 4.6% to 1.29 million head. The biggest reduction  occurred in small producers, 
whereas medium and large specialized agricultural companies accounted for only a 1.3% reduction. At 
the same time, total milk production decreased by only 3.3% to about 7,412 thousand tons.  

In 2023, the average price of raw milk in Ukraine increased by 14% in local currency. In the second half 
of 2023, prices for raw milk increased significantly - both in hryvnia terms and in terms of euros. In 
December  2023,  prices  exceeded  the  level  of  15  UAH/kg,  while  in  July  2023  they  averaged  11.6 
UAH/kg,  up  by  30%.  As  a  result,  the  difference  between  the  level  of  prices  in  Ukraine  and  the  EU 
countries in 2023 was constantly decreasing. In April-May 2023 the price of raw milk in Ukraine was 
70% of the average for the EU and, in particular, since October 2023 it was about 90%, of the price in 
Poland. 

Fresh dairy products rose by about 7-10%, cheeses by 7%, and butter increased in price by almost 40% 
in 2023 compared to the previous year. 

Unlike  in  2022,  demand  for  dairy  products  in  the  domestic  market  has  increased  in  Ukraine,  as  the 
number of consumers has increased. According to the International Organization for Migration, as of 
September 2023, about 1 million citizens returned to Ukraine from abroad.   

According to State Statistics Service of Ukraine, in 2023 Ukraine exported 108 thousand tons of dairy 
products worth $253 million. In 2023, export volumes decreased by 4%, and cash revenue fell by 38% 
compared to 2022.  Among the factors that influenced the reduction of Ukraine's exports of dairy products 
were the lack of milk-raw materials in the domestic market, the intensification of consumer demand, the 
gradual equalization of prices for milk-raw materials of Ukrainian and European production, as well as 
logistical problems. The main export categories in monetary terms during 2023 were the following goods: 
milk and cream, condensed - 25%; cheeses - 21%; butter - 17%; casein and caseinates - 13%; milk and 
cream, not condensed - 10%.  

Imports increased by 15% in 2023 with increases in nearly all categories of dairy products. Dairy products 
were imported from the EU, the UK, Switzerland and Norway. A significant turning point occurred in 
October 2023 when the import of butter surpassed its export, resulting in the most negative balance for 
this trade item in November. 

The negative balance of export-import amounted to $77.2 million, whereas in the previous year, 2022, 
the balance was positive and amounted to $28.2 million. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

2.1.  Basis of preparation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  an  historical  cost  basis,  except  for 
significant  items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  which  have  been  measured  using  the  revaluation 
model.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  British  Pounds  Sterling  (GBP)  and  all 
values are rounded to the nearest thousand (£000) except where otherwise indicated. 

(a)    Statement of compliance 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards and Interpretations issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board (IASB), as adopted by the United Kingdom (collectively “IFRS”). 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain 
critical  accounting  estimates.  It  also  requires  management  to  exercise  its  judgment  in  the  process  of 
applying the Group’s accounting policies. Further information is provided in Note 3. 

(b)  Going concern 

At  the  time  of  publication  of  this  report  the  war  is  ongoing  and  the  significant  general  uncertainties 
inherent to the continued war, which began on 24 February 2022, remain. The Group’s management has 
analyzed the observable impact of the war on its business as described below, and has taken the following 
actions in response to the current situation:  

- For the period after the Russian invasion of Ukraine more than 50 employees joined Ukrainian military 
forces  and  territorial  defense.  Personnel  of  production  facilities  and  central  office  remained  in  their 
working area or worked remotely. While personnel-related challenges have been manageable so far, the 
anticipated escalation of conscription efforts in Ukraine heightens operational risks for the Group.  

-  No  critical  assets  preventing  the  Group  from  continuing  operations  are  damaged  or  located  in  the 
uncontrolled  territories.  The  Group  optimized  utilization  of  production  facilities  to  meet  domestic 
demand and export orders. 

- All of the Group’s inventories are in good condition and are in safe storage. 

- Export sales flow via Ukrainian ports was reduced significantly. Alternative export routes are expanded 
in  length  and  significantly  more  expensive  in  comparison  with  sea  ones.  Black  Sea  ports  in  Ukraine 
remain blocked for export activities. 

-  Due  to  the  constant  Russian  shelling  targeting  vital  Ukrainian  energy  infrastructure,  the  Group  has 
mitigated the possible disruptions to its operations, by equipping its key assets with diesel generators.  

The Group repaid a short-term loan of UAH 63.8 million (GBP 1.3 million)  and signed a new facility 
with a Ukrainian bank for working capital needs in the amount UAH 70.0 million (GBP 1.4 million) in 
January 2024.   

For the year ended 31 December 2023, the Group continued to be in breach of several provisions of the 
loan  agreement  with  the  EBRD.  The  Group  failed  to  repay  Tranche  A  (aggregate  EUR  2.1  million 
principal, equivalent to £1.8 million) before the maturity date of 1 December 2022 and has missed interest 
payments since 1 March 2022. In June 2023 the EBRD notified the Group about a recalculation and an 
increased interest rate in respect of the aggregate EUR 5.7 million (equivalent to £4.9 million) principal 
and interest of Tranche A and Tranche B from 1 September 2021.  

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.1.  Basis of preparation (continued) 

(b)  Going concern (continued) 

The  Group  has  been  negotiating  with  the  EBRD  since  June  2021  to  potentially  restructure  the  loan 
repayment  and  negotiations  are  ongoing.  At  present,  the  EBRD  has  taken  no  action  to  accelerate 
repayment of the loan. The Group reverted to the payment of interest for the long-term credit from the 
EBRD starting from December 2023. 

Management acknowledges that future development of military actions and their duration represent a 
single  source  of  material  uncertainty  which  may  cast  significant  doubt  about  the  Group’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern and, therefore, the Group may be unable to realize its assets and discharge 
its liabilities in the normal course of business. Despite the single material uncertainty relating to the war 
in  Ukraine,  management  is  continuing  to  take  actions  to  minimize  the  impact  to  the  Group  and  thus 
believes that the application of the going concern assumption for the preparation of these consolidated 
financial statements is appropriate. 

(c)  Consolidation Principles 

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of Ukrproduct Group Limited 
and its subsidiaries as at 31 December 2023. 

Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which the Group obtains 
control, and continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases. 

Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement 
with  the  investee  and  has  the  ability  to  affect  those  returns  through  its  power  over  the  investee. 
Specifically, the Group controls an investee if, and only if, the Group has: 
- 
activities of the investee); 
-  Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; 
-  The ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns. 

Power over the investee (i.e., existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant 

Generally,  there  is  a  presumption  that  a  majority  of  voting  rights  result  in  control.  To  support  this 
presumption and when the Group has less than a majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee, 
the  Group  considers  all  relevant  facts  and  circumstances  in  assessing  whether  it  has  power  over  an 
investee, including: 
-  The contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee; 
-  Rights arising from other contractual arrangements; 
-  The Group’s voting rights and potential voting rights. 

The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there 
are changes to one or more of the three elements of control. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when 
the Group obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Group loses control of the subsidiary. 
Assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses  of  a  subsidiary  acquired  or  disposed  of  during  the  year  are 
included in the consolidated financial statements from the date the Group gains control until the date the 
Group ceases to control the subsidiary. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.1.  Basis of preparation (continued) 

(c)  Consolidation Principles (continued) 

All intra-group balances, income and expenses and unrealised gains and losses resulting from intra-group 
transactions are eliminated in full on consolidation. A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, 
without a change of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction, that is, as transactions with owners 
in  their  capacity  as  owners.  Profit  or  loss  and  each  component  of  other  comprehensive  income  are 
attributed to the owners of the parent and to the non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income 
is attributed to the owners of the parent and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-
controlling  interests  having  a  deficit  balance.  When  necessary,  adjustments  are  made to  the financial 
statements  of  subsidiaries  to  bring  their  accounting  policies  into  line  with  the  Group’s  accounting 
policies. 

If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it: 
- De-recognises the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary; 
- De-recognises the carrying amount of any non-controlling interests; 
- De-recognises the cumulative translation differences, recorded in equity; 
- Recognises the fair value of the consideration received. 
- Recognises any investment retained in the former subsidiary at its fair value at the date when control is 

lost; 

- Recognises any surplus or deficit in profit or loss; 
- Reclassifies the parent’s share of components previously recognised in other comprehensive income to 

profit or loss. 

The  Group  applies  the  acquisition  method  to  account  for  business  combinations.  The  consideration 
transferred  for  the  acquisition  of  a subsidiary  is  the fair  value  of the assets  transferred,  the  liabilities 
incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Group. Identifiable 
assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured 
initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. 

Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. 

Non-controlling interests represent a portion of profits or losses and net assets not owned by the Group.  

Non-controlling interests are presented separately from parent share capital in equity in the consolidated 
statement of financial position.  

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.1.  Basis of preparation (continued) 

(c)  Consolidation Principles (continued) 

The consolidated financial statements of the Group include the following companies: 

Group’s company 

Country of 
incorporation 

Effective 
ownership ratio 

Principal activities 

Molochnik LLC* 
Starokonstantinovskiy Molochniy Zavod 
SC**** 
Krasilovsky Molochny Zavod Private 
Enterprise SC**** 
Molochaia Dolina LLC**** 
Zhiviy Kvas LLC** 
Alternative Investments  MCVIF** 

Ukrproduct Group LLC 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 
Ukraine 
Ukraine 

Ukraine 

As at 31 December 

2023 

2022 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 

LinkStar Limited 

Cyprus 

100% 

100% 

Solaero Global Alternative Fund Limited 

Dairy Trading Corporation Limited 

Ukrproduct Group LTD 

Cyprus 

BVI 

Jersey 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Holder of some assets 

Production 

Owner of land assets 

Owner of land assets 
Production 
Asset management 
Holder of some assets and 
operating companies 

  Holder of Group's trademarks 

and assets 

  Holder of Group's trademarks 

and assets 
Export operations 
Parent company traded on 
AIM 

*  The  Company  is  held  through  Ukrproduct  Group  LLC  which  is  a  100%-owned  subsidiary  of  the 
Company. 

** Subsidiary of Solaero Global Alternative Fund Limited, the Group's holder of trademarks and assets. 

**** Subsidiaries of Alternative Investments  MCVIF. 

(d) Accounting for acquisitions of companies under common control 

Acquisitions of controlling interests in companies that were previously under the control of the ultimate 
beneficiaries of the Company are accounted for as if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the 
earliest comparative period presented or, if later, at the date on which control was obtained by the ultimate 
beneficiaries of the Company. The assets and liabilities acquired are recognised at their book values. The 
components of equity of the acquired companies are added to the same components within Group equity 
except that any share capital of the acquired companies is recorded as a part of merger reserve. The cash 
consideration for such acquisitions is recognised as a liability to or a reduction of receivables from related 
parties, with a corresponding reduction in equity, from the date the acquired company is included in these 
consolidated financial statements until the cash consideration is paid. 

No goodwill is recognised where the Group acquires additional interests in the acquired companies from 
the ultimate controlling shareholders. The difference between the share of net assets acquired and the 
cost of investment is recognised directly in equity. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2. Significant accounting policies 

Significant  accounting  policies  given  below  have  been  consistently  applied  by  the  Group  in  the 
preparation of these financial statements, unless otherwise stated. 

2.2.1. Foreign currency translation and transactions 

(a) Functional and presentation currency 

The Ukrainian Hryvnia is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the majority of 
the Group companies operate. 

Transactions in currencies that differ from the functional currency are considered to be foreign currency 
transactions. 

Management has considered what would be the most appropriate presentation currency for consolidated 
financial statements and has concluded that the Group should use British Pounds Sterling (hereinafter 
“GBP” or £) as the Group’s presentation currency. This is because the Ukrainian Hryvnia is not a major 
convertible or recognisable currency outside of Ukraine, and also because the Group’s public shareholder 
base is located predominantly in the UK. 

(b) Transactions and balances 

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  the  functional  currency  using  the  exchange  rates 
prevailing at the dates of the transactions or valuation where items are re-measured. Foreign exchange 
gains or losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at the year-end 
exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the 
statement of comprehensive income, except when deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges and 
qualifying net investment hedges. Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income within “Net foreign exchange gain (loss)”. 

The financial results and financial position of the Group's companies are translated into the presentation 
currency as follows: 
- For current year, all assets and liabilities are translated at the rate effective at the reporting date. Income 
and expense items are translated at rates approximating to those ruling when the transactions took place; 
- Equity items are translated into the presentation currency using the historical rate; 
- For comparative figures, all assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate existing at the relevant 
reporting date. Income and expense items are translated at rates approximating to those ruling when the 
transactions took place; 
-  Income  and  expenses  for  each  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  are  translated  at 
monthly average exchange rates; and 
- All resulting exchange differences are recognised as a separate component of equity within "Translation 
reserve". 
The principal UAH exchange rates used in the preparation of consolidated financial statements are as 
follows: 

Currency 

31 December 2023 

  Average exchange 

rate for 2023 

  31 December 2022 

  Average exchange 

rate for 2022 

UAH/GBP 
UAH/USD 
UAH/EUR 

45,4757 
36,5750 
39,5619 
Foreign currency can be freely converted within Ukraine at a rate close to the rate of the National Bank 
of Ukraine. At present, the UAH is not a freely convertible currency outside Ukraine.  

48,4883 
37,9824 
42,2079 

44,0048 
36,5686 
38,9510 

39,8699 
32,3684 
33,9954 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.2. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, deposits held on call with banks and other short-term 
highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts are included 
in current liabilities in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

2.2.3.  Inventories 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined using the weighted 
average method. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less 
applicable variable selling expenses. 

The Group identifies the following types of inventories: 
-  raw and other materials (including main and auxiliary operating supply and materials); 
-  work in progress (including semi-finished products); 
-  finished goods; 
-  other inventories (including fuel, packaging, building materials, spare parts, other materials, goods of 

little value and high wear goods). 

The cost of finished goods and semi-finished products comprises raw materials, direct labour, other direct 
costs and related production overheads  (based on normal operating capacity) but excludes borrowing 
costs. The cost of raw materials and other inventories comprises all costs of purchase, costs of conversion 
and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. 

At each reporting date the Group analyses inventories to determine whether they are damaged, obsolete 
or  slow-moving  or  whether  their  net  realisable  value  has  declined.  The  net  realisable  value  is  the 
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less applicable variable selling expenses.  

The Group periodically checks inventories to determine whether they are damaged, obsolete or slow-
moving  or if their net realisable value has declined for any other reason and reduces accordingly the 
value of inventory to properly reflect in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income within cost 
of sales. 

2.2.4. Property, plant and equipment 

(a)  Recognition and measurement of property, plant and equipment 

The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised as an asset only if it is probable that 
future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be 
measured reliably and the entity expects to use the items during more than one reporting period (more 
than 12 months). 

The Group adopts the revaluation model (as defined in IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment”) for all 
classes of assets, except office equipment which is carried at cost. Management believes that this policy 
provides more reliable and relevant financial information because it better reflects the value in use of 
such assets to the Group. 

All significant categories of property, plant and equipment are subsequently carried at fair value at the 
date  of  revaluation,  less  any  subsequent  accumulated  depreciation  and  subsequent  accumulated 
impairment  losses.  Changes  in  fair  value  are  recognised  in  equity  (the  “Revaluation  reserve”).  An 
appropriate  transfer  is  made  from  the  revaluation  reserve  to  the  retained  earnings  when  assets  are 
expensed  through  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  (e.g.  through  depreciation, 
impairment or sale). 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.4. Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

(a) Recognition and measurement of property, plant and equipment (continued) 

Subsequent costs that increase future economic benefits of the item of property, plant and equipment also 
increase its carrying amount. Otherwise, the Group recognises subsequent costs as expenses of the period 
in which they were incurred. The Group classifies costs, associated with property, plant and equipment, 
for the following categories: repairs and maintenance; capital repairs, including modernisation. 

(b) 

Impairment of property, plant and equipment 

At  each  reporting  date  the  Group  assesses  the carrying  value  of its  property,  plant  and  equipment  to 
determine  whether  there  is  any  evidence  that  the  assets  have  lost  part  of  their  value  as  a  result  of 
impairment. If such evidence exists, the expected recoverable amount of such an asset is calculated to 
determine the amount of impairment loss, if any. In case it is not practicable to determine the expected 
recoverable amount of a separate asset, the Group determines the expected recoverable amount of a cash-
generating unit, to which the asset belongs. 

When, according to estimates, the expected recoverable amount of an asset (or a cash-generating unit) is 
lower than its carrying value, the carrying value of an asset (or a cash generating unit) is reduced to its 
expected recoverable amount. Impairment losses are immediately recognised as expenses, except when 
the asset is carried at revalued price. In such cases, the impairment loss is considered as a decrease in the 
revaluation reserve. If the impairment loss is subsequently reversed, the asset’s carrying value (or a cash 
generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its expected recoverable amount. In such a case, 
the increased carrying value should not exceed the carrying value that could be determined in case the 
impairment loss for an asset (or a cash-generating unit) was not recognised in previous years. The reversal 
of the impairment loss is immediately recognised as income. 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with the carrying amount and are 
included in profit and loss on disposal of non-current assets. 

(c)  Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 

Depreciation of an asset begins when it becomes available for use. Depreciation of an asset terminates 
with the termination of its recognition. Depreciation does not terminate when an asset is idle or if it is 
removed from active use and is intended for disposal, unless it is already fully depreciated. 

Depreciation is applied to all items of property, plant and equipment with the exception of land and assets 
under construction. The Group calculates the depreciation using the straight-line method to allocate their 
cost or revalued amounts to their residual values over their estimated useful lives. The Group has applied 
the  production  method  of  depreciation  to  all  production  equipment  as  management  considered  this 
method to be the most appropriate for the production assets. 

Terms of useful lives by groups of property, plant and equipment (except for those depreciated under 
production method) are listed below: 

Group of property, plant and equipment  

 Buildings  
 Plant and machinery  
 Vehicles  
 Instruments, tools and other equipment  

Useful life 
 7 - 62 years  
 2 - 20 years  
 5 - 12 years  
 2 - 20 years  

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.4. Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

(c)  Depreciation of property, plant and equipment  (continued) 

The assets’ residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation are reviewed at each financial year-
end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. Impact of any changes arising from estimates made in 
prior periods is recorded as a change in an accounting estimate. 

2.2.5. Assets under construction 

Assets  under  construction  are  reported  at  their  cost  of  construction  including  costs  charged  by  third 
parties and the capitalisation of the Group's material costs incurred. No depreciation is charged on assets 
under construction. Upon completion, the Group assesses whether there is any indication that an asset 
may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Group performs impairment testing as described in 
Note 2.2.20. Unless an indication of impairment exists, all accumulated costs of the asset are transferred 
to the relevant fixed asset category and depreciated at applicable rates from the time the asset is completed 
and ready for use. 

2.2.6. Intangible assets 

(a)  Recognition and measurement of intangible assets 

Intangible  assets  are  recognised  at  historical  cost  less  accumulated  amortisation  and  accumulated 
impairment losses.  

The Group recognises an item as an intangible asset if it meets the following criteria for recognition: it 
is probable that the Group will receive future economic benefits associated with the asset and costs of 
the asset can be reasonably estimated. 

The Group identifies the following types of intangible assets: 

  Computer software licenses; 

  Rights to use natural resources; 

  Trademarks. 

Acquired computer software licenses are capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and 
bring to use the specialised software. 

Rights to use natural resources are capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire. 

Trademarks are shown at historical cost. 

An intangible asset is derecognised at disposal, or when the Group no longer expects receipt from this 
asset  of  any  economic  benefits.  The  profit  from  cancellation  or  disposal  is  defined  by  the difference 
between net proceeds on the sale and the carrying value of intangible assets. If the intangible asset is 
exchanged for a similar asset, the value of the acquired asset is equal to the value of the disposed asset. 

(b)  Amortisation and useful life 

Costs of computer software licenses are amortised over their estimated useful lives using the straight-
line  method  (1-10  years),  right  of  use  natural  resources  (15-20  years).  The  amortisation  expense  is 
included within administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.6. Intangible assets (continued) 

(b) 

 Amortisation and useful life  (continued) 

Trademarks have finite useful lives and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation. Amortisation 
is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of trademarks over their estimated useful 
lives (11-18 years). The amortisation expense is included within selling and distribution expenses in the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 

(c)  Business combinations and goodwill 

The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets transferred, 
the liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the group. 
The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent 
consideration arrangement. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. 

When  the  Group  acquires  a  business,  it  assesses  the  financial  assets  and  liabilities  assumed  for 
appropriate  classification  and  designation  in  accordance  with  the  contractual  terms,  economic 
circumstances  and  pertinent  conditions  as  at  the  acquisition  date.  This  includes  the  separation  of 
embedded derivatives in host contracts by the acquiree. 

If  the  business  combination  is  achieved  in  stages,  the  acquisition  date  fair  value  of  the  acquirer’s 
previously held equity interest in the acquiree is remeasured to fair value as at the acquisition date through 
profit and loss. 

Any contingent  consideration to be transferred by the acquirer will  be recognised at  fair value  at the 
acquisition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration which is deemed 
to be an asset or liability, will be recognised in accordance with IFRS 9 ''Financial Instruments" either in 
profit or loss or as change to other comprehensive income. If the contingent consideration is classified as 
equity, it shall not be remeasured until it is finally settled within equity. 

Goodwill is initially measured at cost being the excess of the consideration transferred over the Group’s 
net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If this consideration is lower than the fair value 
of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised in profit or loss. 

Goodwill  is  not  amortised  but  is  subject  to  testing  for  impairment  as  at  the  reporting  date  or  more 
frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate the possibility of reducing its usefulness. At 
the acquisition date, goodwill is allocated to each asset or group of assets that generate cash, and benefits 
from which are expected to be received upon consolidation. 

The amount of impairment is determined by assessing the recoverable amount, which may be obtained 
for  a  cash-generating  asset  (group  of  cash  generating  assets)  to  which  goodwill  relates.  Where  the 
recoverable amount is less than the book value of cash generating asset (group of cash generating assets), 
impairment is recognised. 

2.2.7. Financial assets 

The Group classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: 

  those  to  be  subsequently  measured  at  fair  value  (either  through  other  comprehensive  income 

(“FVOCI”), or through profit or loss (“FVPL”), and  

  those to be measured at amortised cost. 

The  classification  depends  on  the  Group’s  business  model  for  managing  the  financial  assets  and  the 
contractual terms of the cash flows. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.6. Financial assets (continued) 

Three measurement categories into which the Group classifies its debt financial assets are as follows: 

1) Amortised cost: assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows 
represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. Interest income 
from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method. Any 
gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other 
operating  income  /  (expenses).  Impairment  losses  are  presented  in  other  operating  income  / 
(expenses) or as a separate line item in the consolidated comprehensive income statement, if material. 

2) Fair value through other comprehensive income: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash 
flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets cash flows represent solely payments of 
principal and interest, are measured at FVOCI. Movements in the carrying amount are taken through 
other  comprehensive  income,  except  for  the  recognition  of  impairment  gains  or  losses,  interest 
revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in profit or loss. Interest income 
from  these  financial  assets  is  included  in  profit  or  loss  using  the  effective  interest  rate  method. 
Impairment  are presented in other operating income / (expenses) or as  a  separate line item in the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income, if material. 

3)  Fair value through profit or loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are 
measured at FVPL. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at FVPL is 
recognised in profit or loss and presented net within other operating income / (expenses) in the period 
in which it arises. 

(a) 

Initial recognition 

Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are initially recorded at fair value. All other financial 
assets are initially recorded at fair value plus transaction costs. Fair value at initial recognition is best 
evidenced by the transaction price. A gain or loss on initial recognition is only recorded if there  is a 
difference between fair value and transaction price which can be evidenced by other observable current 
market transactions in the same instrument or by a valuation technique whose inputs include only data 
from observable markets. 

All purchases and sales of financial instruments that require delivery within the time frame established 
by regulation or market convention (“regular way” purchases and sales) are recorded at trade date, which 
is the date that the Group commits to deliver a financial instrument.  

All other purchases and sales are recognised on the settlement date with the change in value between the 
commitment  date  and  settlement  date  not  recognised  for  assets  carried  at  cost  or  amortised  cost; 
recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  for  trading  investments;  and 
recognised in equity for assets classified as assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows 
and for selling the financial assets. 

(b)  Fair value estimation principles 

Fair value of financial instruments is based at their market value, established at the reporting date, less 
transaction costs. If market value is not available, fair value of the instrument is determined by means of 
pricing and discounted cash flow models. 

If a discounted cash flow model is applied, the determination of future cash flows is based on optimal 
management  estimations  and  the  discounting  rate  is  market  rate  for  similar  financial  instruments 
predominated as at reporting date. If the price model is used entering figures are based on average market 
data predominated as at reporting date.  

41 

 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.6.  Financial assets (continued) 

(c) 

 Subsequent measurement 

After initial recognition, the Group measure a financial asset at: 

(a) amortised cost; 

(b) fair value through other comprehensive income; or 

(c) fair value through profit or loss. 

Financial assets at amortised cost are measured at amortised cost less impairment losses. Amortised cost 
is  calculated  using  the  effective  interest  rate  method.  Premiums  and  discounts,  including  initial 
transaction costs, are included in the carrying amount of the related instrument and amortised based on 
the effective interest rate of the instrument. 

(d)     Impairment of financial assets 

The Group use a three-stage impairment model, based on whether there has been a significant increase 
in the credit risk of a financial asset since its initial recognition. These three-stages then determine the 
amount of impairment to be recognised as expected credit losses (ECL) at each reporting date as well as 
the amount of interest revenue to be recorded in future periods: 

(a)  Credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition – recognise 12 months ECL, and 
recognise interest on a gross basis; 

(b)  Credit  risk  has  increased  significantly  since  initial  recognition  –  recognise  lifetime  ECL,  and 
recognise interest on a gross basis; 

(c)  Financial asset is credit impaired (using the criteria currently included in IFRS 9) – IFRS 9 requires 
that credit losses on financial assets are measured and recognised using the 'expected credit loss (ECL) 
approach. 

In  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  IFRS  9,  the  Company  reflects  the  estimated  provision  for 
expected credit losses on all borrowings and other debt financial assets that are not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss. 

(d)  The expected credit losses are recognised in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not 
been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that 
result from default events that are possible within the next 12-months (a 12-month ECL).  

For  those  credit  exposures  for  which  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  credit  risk  since  initial 
recognition, a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, 
irrespective of the timing of the default (a lifetime ECL). 

(e)  For trade receivables, the Group applies a simplified approach in calculating ECLs. Therefore, the 
Group does not track changes in credit risk, but instead recognises a loss allowance based on lifetime 
ECLs at each reporting date. The Group has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical 
credit  loss  experience,  adjusted  for  forward-looking  factors  specific  to  the  debtors  and  the  economic 
environment. 

It is the Group’s policy to measure ECLs on such instruments on a 12-month basis. However, when there 
has been a significant increase in credit risk since origination, the allowance will be based on the lifetime 
ECL.  

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.6.  Financial assets (continued) 

(d) 

Impairment of financial assets (continued) 

(f) The Group considers a financial asset in default when contractual payments are 365 days past due. 
However, in certain cases, the Group may also consider a financial asset to be in default when internal 
or external information indicates that the Group is unlikely to receive the outstanding contractual amounts 
in full before taking into account any credit enhancements held by the Group. A financial asset is written 
off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the contractual cash flows. 

(e)  De-recognition 

Financial assets are de-recognised when the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets have 
expired or where the Group has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. 

2.2.8. Financial liabilities 

The  Group  classifies  its  financial  liabilities  into  categories  depending  on  the  purpose  for  which  the 
liability was acquired. The Group has not classified any of its liabilities at fair value through profit and 
loss. 

Financial liabilities held at amortised cost include the following items: 

- Trade payables and other short-term monetary liabilities, which are recognised at amortised cost. 

- Bank borrowings, overdrafts, promissory notes and bonds issued by the Group are initially carried at 
fair value, being the amount advanced net of any transaction costs directly attributable to the issue of the 
instrument.  Such  interest  bearing  liabilities  are  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the 
effective interest rate method, which ensures that any interest expense over the period to repayment is at 
a constant rate on the balance of the liability carried in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

“Interest expense” in this context includes initial transaction costs and interest payable on redemption, as 
well as any interest or coupon payable while the liability is outstanding. 

(a)  Initial recognition 

Financial  liabilities  are  initially  recognized  at  fair  value,  adjusted  in  case  of  borrowings  for  directly 
attributable transaction expenses. 

(b)  Subsequent measurement 

Trade and other accounts payable initially recognized at fair value, are subsequently accounted for at 
amortized cost at effective interest rate method. 

Borrowings  and  liabilities  initially  recognized  at  fair  value  less  transaction  costs,  are  subsequently 
measured at amortized cost; any difference between the amount of received resources and the sum of 
repayment is represented as interest cost using the effective interest rate method during the period, when 
borrowings were received. 

(с)  Derecognition 

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or 
expires. 

2.2.9 Share capital 

The ordinary shares are classified as share capital. The difference between the fair value of consideration 
received and the nominal value of issued share capital is recognized as share premium. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.10 Treasury shares 

The price paid for treasury shares is deducted from Companies’ shareholders' equity until the shares are 
cancelled or reissued. When treasury shares are sold or reissued, the amount received is recognized as an 
increase in equity. Treasury stock is held at cost until retired or reissued. Legal, brokerage, and other 
costs to acquire shares are not included in the cost of treasury stock. When treasury stock is reissued, any 
gains are included as part of additional paid-in capital. Losses upon reissuance reduce additional paid-in 
capital to the extent that previous net gains from the same class of stock have been recognized and any 
losses above that are recognized as part of retained earnings. 

2.2.11  Revenue recognition 

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group 
and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured simultaneously with an increase in asset 
or decrease in liabilities, which causes the increase in shareholder’s equity (excluding the capital increase 
through  contributions  from  members  of  the  enterprise),  provided  that  the  amount  of  income  can  be 
reasonably estimated. Revenue is reflected in the amount of the fair value of assets received. 

Revenue is the amount of cash or cash equivalents received or receivable. However, in case of delay in 
receipt of cash or cash equivalents, the fair value of the consideration may be less than received or the 
nominal  amount  of  cash  expected  to  be  received.  When  the  arrangement  effectively  constitutes  a 
financing transaction, the fair value of the consideration is determined by discounting all future receipts 
using an imputed rate of interest. Revenue (proceeds) from sale of products (goods, works and services) 
is not corrected by an amount of related doubtful and uncollectible receivables. The amount of such debt 
is recognized as expenses of the Group. 

Revenue comprises the invoiced value of sales of goods and services net of value added tax, rebates and 
discounts after eliminating sales within the Group. Revenues and expenses are recognized on an accruals 
basis. 

The Group recognises revenue from main operating activities in accordance with the requirements of 
IFRS  15  "Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers".  Revenue  from  contracts  with  customers  is 
recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects 
the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. 

Transfer of control means customers ability to manage asset utilization and receive virtually all other 
benefits from it. The control includes the ability to prohibit other entities from managing the use of an 
asset and benefiting from it. 

For the fulfillment of each performance obligation, the Group determines at the time of the conclusion 
of the contract whether it will fulfill the obligation over time, or whether it will satisfy this obligation to 
perform at a certain point in time. The Group sells dairy foods and beverages (kvass), so the performance 
obligation is satisfied at a certain point in time rather than over time. 

The following recognition criteria must be met before revenue is recognised: 
(a)  Revenue from sale of goods (products): 

- the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer; 
- the Group is no longer involved in the management to the extent that is usually associated with 
ownership, and has no control over the goods sold; 
- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably; 
- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Group; and 
- the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.11.  Revenue recognition (continued) 

(b) Revenue from sale of services: 
- the amount of revenue can be reliably measured; 
- inflow of economic benefits related to the transaction is probable; 
- the stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; 
and 
- the costs incurred for the transaction and the costs to complete the transaction can be measured 
reliably. 

Revenue from sale of products is recognised at the point in time when control of the asset is transferred 
to the customer, generally on delivery of the products at the customer’s location or at the time of shipment 
of products to the customer’s transport. 

The time of payment for products is specified in each agreement separately. As a rule, this is a period of 
up to 3 months. 

There is no a significant financing component for these contracts considering the length of time between 
the customers’ payment and the transfer of products.  

The Group doesn't receive non-cash consideration for products. 

The Group has a loyalty programme, which allows customers to accumulate bonuses. Revenue is reduced 
by the amount of accrued bonuses. 

There are no contractual assets as the Group has no rights to compensation that is contingent on factors 
other than the shipment of products and transfer of control. No contractual obligations arise either. 

2.2.12. Expenses recognition 

Expenses which can not be related directly to a gain in a certain period, are shown as a part of expenses 
of the period they were incurred in. 

If  an  asset  provides  economic  benefits  receivable  during  several  reporting  periods,  expenses  are 
calculated by allocating its value on a systematic basis over respective reporting periods.  

Writing off deferred expenses is made on a straight-line basis within the periods to which they relate, 
during which the receipt of economic benefits is expected. 

Expenses which were incurred in the reporting period but relate to production of semi-finished products 
which will be further processed to finished goods and sold in future reporting periods, are accounted for 
in the current period in the item "Work-in-progress", included within “Inventories” in the consolidated 
statement of financial position. 

2.2.13. Financial expenses 

Interest expenses and other costs on borrowings to finance construction or production of qualifying assets 
are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended 
use.  All  other borrowing  costs  are expensed.  Net  financial  expenses  are  recorded  in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.14. Value added tax 

Value added tax (VAT) is levied at two rates: 20% on Ukrainian domestic sales and imports of goods, 
works and services and 0% on export of goods and provision of works or services to be used outside 
Ukraine. 

VAT output equals the total amount of VAT collected within a reporting period, and arises on the earlier 
of the date of shipping goods to a customer or the date of receiving payment from the customer. VAT 
input is the amount that a taxpayer is entitled to offset against their VAT liability in the reporting period. 
Rights to VAT input arise on the earlier of the date of payment to the supplier or the date goods are 
received. 

2.2.15. Tax 

Taxation  has  been  provided  for  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  relevant 
legislation currently in force. The charge for taxation in the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income for the year comprises current tax and changes in deferred tax. 

Current tax is the amount of income tax payable/recoverable in respect of taxable profit/tax loss for the 
period determined in accordance with rules established by the tax authorities in respect of which income 
tax shall be paid/refundable. 

Current tax liabilities and assets are measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the 
taxation authorities, using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted, or substantively enacted, by the 
reporting date. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated in respect of temporary differences using the balance 
sheet liability method. Deferred income taxes are provided on all temporary differences arising between 
the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes, except 
in situations where the deferred tax arising on initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in 
a transaction that is not a deal to merge companies and which, at the time of its commission, has no effect 
on accounting or taxable profit or loss. 

Assessment of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets reflects the tax consequences that would 
arise depending on the ways in which the Group assumes the reporting date of realisation or settlement 
of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent to which there is a substantial probability that future 
taxable  profit,  which  may  be  reduced  by  the  amount  of  deductible  temporary  differences,  will  be 
received. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at tax rates, the use of which is expected in the 
period of the asset or liability is settled, based on the provisions of the legislation enacted, or declared at 
that date. 

Deferred  income  taxes  are  recognised  for  all  temporary  differences  associated  with  investments  in 
subsidiaries and associated companies and joint activities, except in cases where the Group controls the 
timing  of  the  reversal  of  temporary  differences,  and  where  there  is  a  significant  probability  that  the 
temporary difference will not be reduced in the foreseeable future. 

The Group reviews the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at each reporting date and reduces it to the 
extent to which there is no longer the probability that there will be sufficient taxable profits, which allow 
to realise the benefits of part or all of this deferred tax assets. Any such reduction is restored to the extent 
to which there is the likelihood that sufficient taxable profit is accrued. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.16. Share-based payments 

Where share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged 
to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income over the vesting period. Where the terms and 
conditions of options are modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured 
immediately  before  and  after  the  modification,  is  also  charged  to  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  over  the  remaining  vesting  period.  Where  equity  instruments  are  granted  to 
persons other than employees, the consolidated statement of comprehensive income is charged with the 
fair value of goods and services received. Where fair value of goods and services received from persons 
other than employees is difficult to identify, the fair value of the instruments granted is charged to the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income over the vesting period. 

2.2.17. Pension costs 

The  Group  contributes  to  the  Ukrainian  mandatory  state  pension  scheme,  social  insurance  and 
employment funds in respect of its employees. The Group's pension scheme contributions are expensed 
as incurred and are included in staff costs. The Group does not operate any other pension schemes. 

2.2.18. Share issue costs 

All qualifying transaction costs in respect of the issue of shares are accounted for as a deduction from 
share  premium,  net  of  any  related  tax  deduction.  Qualifying  transaction  costs  include  the  costs  of 
preparing the prospectus, accounting, tax  and legal expenses, underwriting fees  and valuation fees in 
respect of the shares and of other assets. 

2.2.19. Leases 

Group as a lessee 
The Group as a lessee leases various warehouses and vehicles. The Group recognizes a lease liability and 
a corresponding right-of-use asset at the commencement date of a lease. A lease is a contract or part of a 
contract  that conveys a right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for 
consideration.  

In general, Group splits the contractual consideration into a lease and a non-lease component based on 
their relative stand-alone prices. For vehicle leases, however, Group applies the practical expedient not 
to make this split but rather accounts for the fixed consideration as a single lease component. In addition, 
payments related to short-term leases (leases with a term shorter than 12 months) are recognized on a 
straight-line basis in profit or loss. 

Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following:  
- 
- 
- 
- 

the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability; 
any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received; 
any initial direct costs, and; 
restoration costs. 

Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset's useful life and the lease term 
on a straight-line basis. If the group is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use 
asset is depreciated over the underlying asset’s useful life. Payments associated with short-term leases 
and of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss.  

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.20. Impairment of assets 

In respect of all assets, the Group conducts the following procedures ensuring accounting for these assets 
at an amount, not exceeding their recoverable amount: 

-  at each reporting date the condition of these assets is analyzed for impairment; 

-  in case any impairment indicators exist, the amount of expected recovery of such asset is calculated 
to determine the amount of losses from  impairment, if any.  If it is impossible to determine the 
amount  of  losses  from  impairment  of  a  separate  asset,  the  Group  determines  the  amount  of 
estimated impairment of the cash-generating unit, to which the asset belongs. 

The amount of expected recovery is the higher of two estimates: net selling price and “value in use” of 
the asset. In estimating value in use of asset, estimated future cash flows are discounted to their current 
value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market estimates of time value of money and risks 
related to the asset. 

If according to estimates the amount of expected recovery of assets (or a cash-generating unit) is less 
than  its  book  value,  the  book  value  of  asset  (or  a  cash-generating  unit)  is  reduced  to  the  amount  of 
expected  recovery.  Losses  from  impairment  are  recognised  as  expenses  directly  in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income. 

2.2.21 Contingent liabilities and assets 

Contingent liabilities are potential liabilities of the Group arising from past events the existence of which 
will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events, which are not 
under  the  complete  control  of  the  Group,  or  current  obligations  resulting  from  past  events  are  not 
recognised in the financial statements in connection with the fact that the Group does not consider an 
outflow of resources embodying economic benefits, and required to settle liabilities as probable, or the 
value of liabilities can not be reliably determined.  

The  Group  does  not  recognise  contingent  liabilities  in  the  financial  statements.  The  Group  discloses 
information  about  contingent  liabilities  in  the  notes  to  the  financial  statements  except  when  the 
probability of outflow of resources required to settle the obligation, is remote. 

Contingent assets are not recognised in the consolidated financial statements, but disclosed in the Notes 
where there is a sufficient probability of future economic benefits. 

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of 
a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to 
settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.22. Related parties 

A related party is a person or an entity that is related to the reporting entity: 

A person or a close member of that person’s family is related to a reporting entity if that person has 
control,  joint  control,  or  significant  influence  over  the  entity  or  is  a  member  of  its  key  management 
personnel. 

An entity is related to a reporting entity if, among other circumstances, it is a parent, subsidiary, fellow 
subsidiary,  associate,  or  joint  venture  of  the  reporting  entity,  or it  is  controlled,  jointly  controlled,  or 
significantly influenced or managed by a person who is a related party.  

While considering any relationship which can be defined as a related party transaction, the Group takes 
into consideration the substance of the transaction not just its legal form. 

The Group classifies the related parties according to existing criteria in the following categories: 

a)   companies that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, exercise control over the 
Group,  are  controlled  by  it,  or  together  with  it  are  under  common  control  (this  includes  holding 
companies, subsidiaries and fellow subsidiaries of the parent company); 

b) associates are companies whose activities are significantly influenced by the Group, but are neither 

subsidiaries, nor joint ventures of the investor; 

c)   individuals, directly or indirectly holding ordinary shares that give them a possibility to significantly 

influence the Group's activities; 

d)  key management personnel are persons having authority and responsibility for planning, managing 
and controlling the activities of the Group, including directors and senior officials (as well as the non-
executive director and close relatives of these individuals); 

e)  companies, large blocks of shares with voting rights of which are owned directly or indirectly by any 
person described in paragraphs (c) or (d), or a person influenced significantly by such persons. This 
includes enterprises owned by directors or major shareholders of the Group, and companies which 
have a common key management member with the Group; and 

f)  the entity, or any member of a group of which it is a part, provides key management personnel services 

to the reporting entity or to the parent of the reporting entity. 

2.2.23 Fair value measurement 

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based 
on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either in the 
principal market for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous 
market for the asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible to the 
Group. 

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to 
generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market 
participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

2.2.  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.2.23.  Fair value measurement (continued) 

All  assets  and  liabilities  for  which  fair  value  is  measured  or  disclosed  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level 
input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole: 

  Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

  Level 2: Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value 

measurement is directly or indirectly observable. 

  Level 3: Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value 

measurement is unobservable. 

2.2.24. Dividends 

Equity  dividends  are  recognised  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  when  they  become  legally 
payable. Interim dividends are recognised when they are paid. In the case of final dividends, this is when 
approved by the shareholders at the annual general meeting. 

3.  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS 

The  preparation  of  the  Group's  consolidated  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make 
judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and 
liabilities,  and  the  disclosure  of  contingent  liabilities,  at  the  end  of  the  reporting  period.  However, 
uncertainty  about  these  assumptions  and  estimates  could  result  in  outcomes  that  require  a  material 
adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected in future periods. 

In  the  process  of  applying  the  Group's  accounting  policies,  management  has  made  the  following 
judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial 
statements: 

(a) Estimates of fair value of property, plant and equipment based on revaluation 

The  Group  is  required,  periodically  as  determined  by  the  Directors,  to  conduct  revaluations  of  its 
property, plant and equipment. Such revaluations are conducted by independent valuers who employ the 
valuation  methods  in  accordance  with  International  Valuation  Standards  such  as  cost  approach, 
comparative (market) approach and revenue (income) approach. 

(b)  Useful lives of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment 

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are amortised or depreciated over their useful lives. 
Useful lives are based on the management’s estimates of the period that the assets will generate revenue, 
which are periodically reviewed  for  continued appropriateness.  Due to the long life of certain assets, 
changes to the estimates used can result in significant variations in the carrying value. Further information 
is contained in Notes 14 and 15. 

(c)  Inventory 

The Group reviews the net realisable value of, and demand for, its inventory on a quarterly basis to ensure 
recorded inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Factors that could affect estimated 
demand and selling prices are the timing and success of future technological  innovations, competitor 
actions, supplier prices and economic trends. Further information is contained in Note 17. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

3.  SIGNIFICANT  ACCOUNTING  JUDGEMENTS,  ESTIMATES  AND  ASSUMPTIONS 
(continued) 

(d) Legal proceedings 

In accordance with IFRS the Group only recognises a provision where there is a present obligation from 
a past event, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and the amount of costs of the transfer can be 
estimated reliably. In instances where the criteria are not met, a contingent liability may be disclosed in 
the notes to the financial statements. Realisation of any contingent liabilities not currently recognised or 
disclosed  in  the  financial  statements  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the  Group’s  financial  position. 
Application  of  these  accounting  principles  to  legal  cases  requires  the  Group’s  management  to  make 
determinations about various factual and legal matters beyond its control. The Group reviews outstanding 
legal cases following developments in the legal proceedings and at each reporting date, in order to assess 
the need for provisions in its financial statements. Among the factors considered in making decisions on 
provisions  are  the  nature  of  litigation,  claim  or  assessment,  the  legal  process  and  potential  level  of 
damages in the jurisdiction in which the litigation, claim or assessment has been brought, the progress of 
the case (including the progress after the date of the financial statements but before those statements are 
issued),  the  opinions  or  views  of  legal  advisers,  experience  on  similar  cases  and  any  decision  of  the 
Group’s management as to how it will respond to the litigation, claim or assessment. 

(e)  Income taxes 

The  Group  is  subject  to  income  tax  in  several  jurisdictions  and  significant  judgment  is  required  in 
determining  the  provision  for  income  taxes.  During  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  there  are  many 
transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. As a result, the Group 
recognises tax liabilities based on estimates of whether additional taxes and interest will be due. These 
tax liabilities are recognised when, despite the Group’s belief that its tax return positions are supportable, 
the Group believes that certain positions are likely to be challenged and may not be fully sustained upon 
review by tax authorities. The Group believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open 
audit years based on its assessment of many factors including past experience and interpretations of tax 
law. This assessment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of complex judgments 
about future events.  

To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such 
differences will impact income tax expense in the period in which such determination is made. Further 
information is contained in Notes 13 and 16. 

(f)  Quality claims 

The Group supplies consumers and industrial customers in Ukraine with dairy products manufactured in 
accordance  with  the  current  laws,  food  safety  standards  and  technical  requirements  of  the  relevant 
Ukrainian authorities.  

The  Group  voluntarily  applies  non-domestic  standards  –  ISO  and  HASSP  –  to  some  of  the  Group’s 
operations. For the industrial customers both domestically and outside of Ukraine, the food products are 
manufactured to the technical specifications agreed with the buyers in advance of the sale.  

In  instances  where  the  quality  criteria  and/or  technical  specifications  are  not  met  or  the  delivery  of 
products  are  made  close  to  expiry  date,  a  quality  claim  may  arise  and  the  corresponding  contingent 
liability may be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

3.  SIGNIFICANT  ACCOUNTING  JUDGEMENTS,  ESTIMATES  AND  ASSUMPTIONS 
(continued) 

(f)   Quality claims (continued) 

Realisation  of  any  such  contingent  liabilities  not  currently  recognised  or  disclosed  in  the  financial 
statements could have a material effect on the Group’s financial position. Application of these accounting 
principles to quality claims requires the Group’s management to make determinations about the future 
matters  that  may,  at  the  time of  determination,  be  beyond  management’s  control.  Among  the  factors 
considered in making decisions on quality claims provisions are: the nature of the claim, the quantifiable 
variances in quality giving rise to a claim, the potential loss from satisfying the claim and any decision 
of the Group’s management as to how it will respond to the claim. 

(g) Transfer pricing 

The  transfer  pricing  methods,  established  by  the  Tax  Code  of  Ukraine,  are  in  line  with  the  OECD 
Guidelines. The Group exports dairy products and skimmed milk powder, and performs intercompany 
transactions,  which  is  in  the  scope  of  the  Ukrainian  TP  regulations.  The  Group  has  submitted  the 
controlled transaction report for the year ended 31 December 2022 within the required deadline, and at 
present the Group is preparing all necessary documentation controlled transactions for the year ended 
31 December  2022  as  required  by  legislation.  Management  believes  that  the  Group  has  been  in 
compliance with all requirements of effective tax legislation. 

(h) Impairment of non-financial assets  

Management  assesses  whether  there  are  any  indicators  of  possible  impairment  of  property,  plant and 
equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives at each reporting date. If any events or changes 
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable or the assets, 
goods  or  services  relating  to  a prepayment  will not  be  received,  the  Group  estimates  the  recoverable 
amount of assets. If there is objective evidence that the Group is not able to collect all amounts due to 
the original terms of the agreement, the corresponding amount of the asset is reduced directly by the 
impairment  loss  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive income.  Subsequent  and  unforeseen 
changes in assumptions and estimates used in testing for impairment may lead to the result different from 
the one presented in the consolidated financial statements. 

(i) Fair value of financial instruments  

The  fair  value  of  financial  assets  and  liabilities  is  determined  by  applying  various  valuation 
methodologies. Management uses its judgment to make assumptions based on market conditions existing 
at each balance sheet date. Where the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in 
the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position  cannot  be  derived  from  active  markets,  they  are 
determined using valuation techniques including the discounted cash flows model. 

(j) Fair value measurement  

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based 
on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either in the 
principal market for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous 
market for the asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible to the 
Group. A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability 
to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another 
market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. All assets and liabilities for which 
fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorized within the fair 
value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire fair value measurement. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

4.  ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED IFRS 

Application of new standards 

In general, the accounting policy is consistent with those applied in the prior reporting year. Some new 
standards  and  interpretations  have  become  mandatory  for adoption  beginning  on  or  after  January  01, 
2023.  New  and  revised  standards  and  interpretations,  adopted  by  the  Group  for  the  first  time  as  at              
January 01, 2023 are provided below.  

Amendments to IAS 8 "Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors" – "Definition 
of Accounting Estimates"  

These  amendments  introduce  a  definition  of  "accounting  estimates".  These  amendments  clarify  the 
distinction  between  changes  in  accounting  estimates  and  changes  in  the  accounting  policies  and  the 
correction of errors. Also, they clarify how entities use measurement techniques and inputs to develop 
accounting estimates.  

Amendments  to  IAS  1  "Presentation  of  Financial  Statements"  and  IFRS  Practice  Statement  2  – 
"Disclosure of Accounting Policies"  

In  February  2021,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IAS  1  and  IFRS  Practice  Statement  2  "Making 
Materiality  Judgements",  which  provide  guidance  and  examples,  which  assist  entities  in  applying 
materiality  judgements  to  accounting  policy  disclosures.  The  amendments  aim  to  assist  entities  in 
providing accounting policy disclosures that are more useful by replacing the requirement for entities to 
disclose their "significant" accounting policies with a requirement to disclose their "material" accounting 
policies and adding guidance on how entities should apply the concept of materiality in making decisions 
about accounting policy disclosures.   

Amendments to IAS 12 "Income Taxes" - "Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising from a 
Single Transaction" 

These amendments clarify that the exemption from initial recognition specified in the Art. 15 and 24 of 
the standard is not applied to transactions in which equal amounts of deductible and taxable temporary 
differences arise on initial recognition (e.g., leases, decommissioning obligations).  

 IFRS and interpretations issued but not yet effective 

The Group did not adopt the following IFRS, Interpretations to IFRS and IAS, changes and amendments 
to them, which were issued but not yet effective. The Group plans to apply these changes from the date 
when they become effective. 

Amendments to IAS 1 "Presentation of Financial Statements" - "Classification of current and non-current 
liabilities" 

These amendments establish that the right of an entity to defer repayment of a liability for at least twelve 
months after the reporting period must exist at the end of the reporting period and must have an economic 
sense. The classification of the liability is not affected by the intention and expectation of whether the 
entity exercises its right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting 
period. 

Amendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 01, 2024. Amendments 
are adopted retrospectively; early adoption is permitted. The amendments may affect the classification 
of liabilities in the Group's statement of financial position.  

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

4. ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED IFRS (continued) 

Amendments to IAS 1 "Presentation of Financial Statements" - "Non-current liabilities with covenants" 

Following the issue of the amendments to IAS 1 regarding the classification of liabilities as current and 
non-current,  the  IFRS  Board  made  additional  amendments  to  IAS  1  in  October  2022.  Under  these 
amendments, only covenants that an entity must comply with at or before the reporting date, affect the 
classification of the liability as current or non-current. In addition, an entity must disclose information in 
the notes that enables users of the financial statements to understand the risk that non-current liabilities 
with covenants may be repaid within twelve months. 

Amendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 01, 2024. Amendments 
are adopted retrospectively; early adoption is permitted. The amendments may affect the classification 
of the liabilities in the Group's statement of financial position. 

Amendments to IFRS 16 "Leases" - "Lease liability in a sale and leaseback transactions"  

In June 2020, the IFRS Interpretations Committee adopted a decision on the agenda - "Sale and leaseback 
with variable payments". This issue was submitted to the IFRS Board, which issued amendments to IFRS 
16 in September 2022. These amendments require the seller-lessee to define "lease payments" or "revised 
lease  payments"  in  such  a  way  that  the  seller-lessee  does  not  recognize  any  amount  of profit  or  loss 
related to the right-to-use retained by the seller-lessee.   

Amendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 01, 2024. Early adoption 
is  permitted.  It  is  expected  that  these  amendments  will  not  significantly  affect  the  Group's  financial 
statements. 

5. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

The principal risks facing the Group’s business are credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk, including 
fair  value  or  cash  flow  interest-rate  risk,  foreign  exchange  risk  and  commodity  price  risk.  The  main 
purpose of the Group's risk management programme is to evaluate, monitor and manage these risks and 
to minimize potential adverse effects on the Group's financial performance and shareholders. The Chief 
Executive  Officer  of  the  Group  is  in  charge  of  risk  management  and  introduction  of  all  policies  as 
approved by the Board of Directors. 

(a) Principal financial instruments 
The principal financial instruments used by the Group, from which financial instrument risk arises, are 
as follows: 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

trade and other receivables; 
other financial assets; 
cash and cash equivalents; 
bank loans; 
trade and other payables; 
short-term payables. 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

5.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (continued) 

(a) Principal financial instruments (continued) 

The principal financial instruments are as follows: 

Financial assets 
Financial assets at amortised cost 
 - trade and other receivables (excluding non-financial assets) 
 - cash and cash equivalents 
 - other financial assets 

Financial liabilities 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost: 

 - short-term payables 
 - current bank loans 
 - trade and other payables (excluding non-financial liabilities) 
 - interest payable 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

4 722 
436 
38 
5 196 

2 625 
403 
35 
3 063 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
609 
5 777 
3 545 
846 
10 777 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
493 
6 116 
4 036 
383 
11 028 

(b) General objectives, policies and processes 

The Group's overall risk management programme recognises the unpredictability of financial markets 
and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance. Risk management 
is carried out by the Group’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO) under policies approved by the Board of 
Directors (the “Board”). The Group CEO identifies and evaluates financial risks in close co-operation 
with the Group’s operating units. 

The Board provides broad guidance and operating principles for overall risk management, as  well as 
written policies covering specific areas, such as foreign exchange risk, interest-rate risk, credit risk, and 
investing excess liquidity. 

The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group’s risk management objectives 
and  policies  and,  whilst  retaining  ultimate  responsibility  for  them,  it  has  delegated  the  authority  for 
designing and operating processes that ensure the effective implementation of the objectives and policies 
to the Group’s finance function. The overall objective of the Board is to set polices that seek to reduce 
risk  as  far  as  possible  without  unduly  affecting  the  Group’s  competitiveness  and  flexibility.  Further 
details regarding these policies are laid out below. 

(c)  Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations in full when due. The 
Group is mainly exposed to credit risk from credit sales to customers in Ukraine.  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

5.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (continued) 

(c)   Credit risk (continued) 

The Group manages its credit risk through the Group’s risk assessment policy by evaluating each new 
customer before signing a contract using the following criteria: trading history and the strength of own 
balance sheet. The Group attempts to reduce credit risk by conducting periodic reviews which includes 
obtaining external ratings and in certain cases bank references. 

According to the Group’s risk assessment policy, implemented locally, every new customer is appraised 
before  entering  contracts;  trading  history  and  the  strength  of  their  own  balance  sheet  being  the  main 
indicators  of  creditworthiness.  While  starting  the  commercial  relationship  with  the  Group,  a  new 
customer  is  offered  the  terms  that  are  substantially  tighter  than  those  for  the  existing  customers  and 
stipulate, as a rule, the cash-on-delivery payments terms and no-returns policy (quality-related claims 
exempted). If the relationship progresses successfully, the terms are gradually relaxed to fall in line with 
the Group’s normal business practices and local specifics as required by the market. 

The  Group’s  periodic  review  includes  external  ratings,  when  available,  and  in  some  cases  bank 
references.  Purchase  limits  are  established  for  each  customer,  which  represents  the  maximum  open 
amount without requiring approval from the CEO. These limits are reviewed quarterly. Customers that  
fail to meet the Group’s benchmark creditworthiness may transact with the Group on a prepayment basis 
only. 

Quantitative disclosures of the credit risk exposure in relation to trade and other receivables, which are 
neither past due nor impaired, are made in Note 18. The Group does not rate trade receivables by category 
or recoverability. 

The Group uses the following indicators to determine that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery: 
- the counterparty is declared bankrupt or liquidated 
- the Group received the decision of the court authorities and, as a result of its execution, it was discovered 
that the counterparty could not fulfill its obligations 
- the period during which, according to the law, the Group can go to court to oblige the counterparty to 
fulfill its obligations has expired. 

The Group doesn’t have any trade and other receivables that has been already written off, but still subject 
to enforcement activity. 

In  the  future,  the  default  rate  on  trade  receivables  overdue  is  expected  to  remain  stable  or  even  fall 
because in Ukraine the Group deals increasingly with the modern-format retailers whose creditworthiness 
is conducive to the payment discipline required by the Group. 

Maximum exposure to the trade and other receivables component of credit risk at the reporting date is 
the  fair  value  of  trade  and  other  receivables.  There  is  no  collateral  held  as  security  or  other  credit 
enhancements. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

5. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (continued) 

(c)   Credit risk (continued) 

The Group’s credit controllers monitor the utilisation of the credit limits on a daily basis by customer 
and  apply  the  delivery  stop  orders  immediately  if  the  individual  limits  are  exceeded.  The  Group’s 
procedure for recovery of the trade receivables past due includes the following steps: 

-  identification  of  the  date  and  exact  amount  of  the  receivable  past  due,  termination  of  all  further 
deliveries and forwarding to the customer of the details of the amount due and the notice of the failure 
to pay - 3 days after the past due date; 

- delivery to the customer of the formal claim for the amount overdue and the visit of the representative 

of the commercial credit control department to the customer premises- 2 weeks thereafter; 

- filing a claim to the commercial court for repayment of the amount overdue and late payment fees -         

2 weeks thereafter; 

-  obtaining  a  court  order  for  repayment  of  the  amount  due  and  collaboration  with  bailiff  -  2  weeks 

thereafter. 

Credit risk also arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions. 
The Group reviews the banks and financial institutions it deals with to ensure that standards of credit 
worthiness are maintained. 

Maximum exposure to the cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions 
component of credit risk at the reporting date is the fair value of the cash balances due from such banks 
and financial institutions. There is no collateral held as security or other credit enhancements. 

Cash at bank and short term deposits are kept on the accounts in the following banks: 

Bank 

JSC OTP Bank 
PJSC Raiffeisen Bank Aval 
CreditWest 
Other 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
Rating 
uaAAA 
uaAAA 
uaAAA 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
Rating 
uaAAA 
uaAAA 
uaAAA 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
7 
33 
237 
159 
436 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
7 
28 
278 
90 
403 

The Group does not enter into derivatives to manage credit risk, although in certain isolated cases may 
take steps to mitigate such risks if it is sufficiently concentrated. 

The Group is also exposed to a credit risk with regard to loans issued to third parties, related parties and 
employees. This risk is considered to be low and is managed according to the Group’s risk assessment 
policy. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

5. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (continued) 

(c)   Credit risk (continued) 

The Group’s exposure to credit risk, where the carrying value of financial assets is unsecured, is as shown 
below: 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Carrying Value 

436 
4 358 
364 
38 
5 196 

Year ended 

31 December 2023 

£ ‘000 
Maximum exposure 
(unsecured) 
436 
4 358 
364 
38 
5 196 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

Carrying Value 

403 
2 273 
352 
35 
3 063 

Year ended 

31 December 2022 

£ ‘000 
Maximum exposure 
(unsecured) 
403 
2 273 
352 
35 
3 063 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Other financial assets 

(d) 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is a function of the possible difficulty to be encountered in raising funds to meet financial 
obligations. The Group’s policy is to ensure that it will always have sufficient cash to enable it to meet 
its obligations as they fall due by maintaining the minimum cash balances and agreed overdraft facilities. 
Detailed information is contained in Note 24.  

The Group’s operating divisions (plants) have different liquidity requirement profiles. As the Group’s 
products have short-cycled and long-cycled production, the liquidity risk of each plant is monitored and 
managed centrally by the Group Treasury function. Each plant has a cash facility based on cash budgets 
with the Group Treasury. The cash budgets are set locally and agreed by the CEO in advance. 

The CEO (and the Board, if requested) receives rolling quarterly cash flow projections on a monthly 
basis as well as information regarding the daily cash balances at each plant and overall.  

In the ordinary course of business, the Group relies on a combination of the available overdraft facilities 
and cash balances to fund the on-going liquidity needs. Capital expenditures are usually funded through 
longer- term bank loans. In case of the inadequate cash balances and the overdraft facilities close to the 
agreed  ceilings,  the  Group  is  expected  to  revert  to  the  emergency  funding  made  available  through 
temporary  freeze  to  the  current  portion  of  capital  spending,  immediate  operating  cost  reductions, 
postponement  of  payments  to  the  third  parties,  and  expansion  of  the  overdraft  ceilings.  Although 
undesirable and never occurring in the past, such emergency funding is the last resort on which the Group 
may have to draw while ensuring the ongoing continuity of the business. 

(e)  Market risk 

Market risk may arise from the Group’s use of interest bearing, tradable and foreign currency financial 
instruments. Market risk comprises fair value interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk and commodity 
price risk and is further assessed below: 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

5.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (continued)  

(e)  Market risk (continued) 

(i) Interest-rate risk 
The Group’s interest-rate risk arises from short-term and long-term loans. The Group analyses the interest 
rate exposure on a year basis. Detailed information is contained in Note 24. 

A  sensitivity  analysis  is  performed  by  applying  various  interest  rate  scenarios  to  the  borrowings.  A 
change of interest rate by 1 percentage points (being the maximum reasonably possible expectation of 
changes in interest rates) would cause a decrease in interest expense by GBP 57 770 (decrease 2022:          
-1% - decrease by GBP 61 160). 

(ii) Foreign exchange risk 
Regardless of the increase of sales in Ukraine, the Group's management believes that currency risk is 
rather high. This risk can be expressed in the devaluation of national currencies, which affects the prices 
of raw materials (vegetable fats), packaging materials, energy and fuel. The Group makes every effort to 
minimize this risk by using various alternative raw materials and other components, both foreign and 
domestic. An increase in export sales is another step taken to deal with exchange risks. All export sales 
are made in a stable currencies. 

Purchase of raw milk, main semi-processed products and other components of the cost price are produced 
in Ukraine and are represented in UAH. All Group’s outstanding balances of the trade accounts payable 
are in UAH. Currency analysis is provided in Note 29. 

The Group has a long-term loan from EBRD, denominated in EUR and therefore the weakening of the 
UAH can have a significant impact on financial results of the Group in future periods. The sensitivity 
analysis shows that UAH depreciation against EUR by 10% would cause an exchange rate loss of GBP 
154 thousand (2022 by 3%: GBP 195 thousand). 

(iii) Commodity price risk 

The Group principal raw material needs consist primarily of:  

-   materials needed to produce dairy products and beverage products, mainly raw milk, sugar, palm oil, 
corn starch etc. Changes in market prices for these raw materials can adversely influence on Group’s 
financial results. In terms of value, milk is the main raw material purchased from local producers or dairy 
farms.  Its  price  is  set  locally,  over  contractual  periods  that  vary  from  one  region  to  another.  Other 
materials are purchased through tenders or by comparing alternative offers from different suppliers.   

- packaging materials such as foil corrugated packaging. Prices are influenced by supply and demand at 
the global and regional levels, economic cycles.   

- energy supplies.  

(f)  Operational risk 

Operational  risk  is  a  risk  arising  from  systems  failure,  human  error,  fraud  or  external  events.  When 
controls fail to work, this could have legal consequences or lead to financial losses. The Group cannot 
expect  that  all  operational  risks  have  been  eliminated,  but  with  the  help  of  control  system  and  by 
monitoring the reaction to potential risks, the Group may manage such risks. The control system provides 
an  effective  separation  of  duties,  access  rights,  approval  and  verification,  personnel  training,  and 
valuation procedures. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

6. 

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT POLICIES 

The  Group’s  definition  of  the  capital  is  ordinary  share  capital,  share  premium,  accumulated  retained 
earnings  and  other  equity  reserves.  The  Directors  view  their  role  as  that  of  corporate  guardians 
responsible for preservation and growth of the capital, as well as for generation of the adequate returns 
to shareholders. 

The Group’s objectives when maintaining and growing capital are: 
- to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can continue to provide returns 

for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders; 

- to identify the appropriate mix of debt, equity and partner sharing opportunities in order to balance the 

highest returns to shareholders overall with the most advantageous timing of investment flows; 

- to provide an adequate return to shareholders by delivering the products in demand by the customers at 

prices commensurate with the level of risk and expectations of shareholders. 

The Group sets the amount of capital it requires in proportion to risk. The Group manages its capital 
structure  and  makes  adjustments  to  it  in  the  light  of  changes  in  economic  conditions  and  the  risk 
characteristics of the current trading environment. The Group’s core assets consist predominantly of the 
property, plant and equipment – the resources that have proven their ability to withstand the competitive 
erosion and inflationary pressure. 

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may issue new shares, adjust the amount of 
dividends paid to shareholders, repay the debt, return capital to shareholders or sell assets to improve the 
cash position. Historically, the first three methods were used to achieve and support the desired capital 
structure. The Group monitors capital on the basis of the net debt to equity ratio (D/E ratio). This ratio is 
calculated as net debt to shareholder equity. Net debt is calculated as total debt (as shown in the statement 
of financial position) less cash and cash equivalents. 

Traditionally, the Group’s conservative strategy was to maintain the D/E ratio at 0.6 (60%) maximum. 
The Directors believe that for the Group, as an operating company and a public entity, the maintenance 
of the prudent debt policy is crucial in preserving the capital of the business. 

As  at  31  December  2023,  the  D/E  ratio  consists  of  approximately  2.606  improved  compared  to                        
31 December 2022 by 2.612 bp. In 2023 the management implemented long-term strategy to decrease 
D/E ratio down to 0.6 (60%).  

Total debt 
Less: Cash and cash equivalents 
Net debt 

Total equity 

D/E ratio 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
12 253 
(436) 
11 817 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
12 401 
(403) 
11 998 

4 534 

260.6% 

4 594 

261.2% 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

7.  SEGMENT INFORMATION 

At 31 December 2023, the Group was organised internally into five main business segments: 

1)  Branded products – processed cheese, hard cheese, packaged butter and spreads 
2)  Beverages – kvass, other beverages 
3)  Non-branded products – skimmed milk powder, other skimmed milk products 
4)  Distribution services and other –resale of third-party goods and processing services 
5)  Supplementary products – grain crops 

The segment results for the year ended 31 December 2023 as reported to the Board are as follows: 

Branded 
products 

Beverages 

Non-
branded 
products 

Distribution 
services and 
other 

Supplementary 
products 

Un-
allocated 

Total 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

Sales 
Gross profit 
Administrative expenses 
Selling and distribution 
expenses 
Other operating expenses  
Profit from operations 
Finance expenses, net 
Loss from exchange 
differences 
Profit before taxation 
Taxation 
Profit for the year 
Segment assets 
Unallocated corporate 
assets 
Consolidated total assets 
Segment liabilities 
Unallocated corporate 
liabilities 
Unallocated deferred tax 
Consolidated total 
liabilities 
Depreciation and 
amortization 

£ ‘000 
32 592 
5 866 
(1 082) 

(1 730) 

- 
3 054 
- 

- 

3 054 
- 
3 054 
12 925 

- 

12 925 
3 601 

- 

- 

3 601 

372 

1 826 
897 
(69) 

(111) 

- 
717 
- 

- 

717 
- 
717 
448 

- 

448 
- 

- 

- 

- 

1 318 
(193) 
(42) 

(67) 

- 
(302) 
- 

- 

(302) 
- 
(302) 
1 116 

- 

1 116 
- 

- 

- 

- 

14 

311 

1 256 
282 
(41) 

(66) 

- 
175 
- 

- 

175 
- 
175 
- 

- 

- 
307 

- 

- 

307 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

The unallocated corporate liabilities represent bank loans, overdrafts and accruals. 

£ ‘000 
36 992 
6 852 
(1 569) 

- 
- 
(335) 

(533) 

(2 507) 

(1 074) 
(1 942) 
(781) 

(1 074) 
1 702 
(781) 

(435) 

(435) 

(3 158) 
(96) 
(3 254) 
- 

2 298 

2 298 
- 

7 820 

525 

486 
(96) 
390 
14 489 

2 298 

16 787 
3 908 

7 820 

525 

8 345 

12 253 

- 

697 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

7.  SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued) 

The segment results for the year ended 31 December 2022 as reported to the Board are as follows: 

Branded 
products 

Beverages 

Non-
branded 
products 

Distribution 
services and 
other 

Supplementary 
products 

Un-
allocated 

Total 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 
 31 571   
 5 788   
(862)   

 1 095   
 444   
(38)   

 2 727   
(262)   
(94)   

(2 145)   

(76)   

(190)   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 2 781   

 330   

(546)   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 2 781   

 330   

(546)   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 2 781   
 13 085   

 330   
 454   

(546)   
 1 130   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 13 085   
 3 645   

 -     

 -     

 3 645   

 454   

 1 130   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 3 144   
 584   
(108)   

(219)   

 -     

 257   

 -     

 -     

 257   

 -     

 257   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 311   

 -     

 -     

 311   

Sales 
Gross profit 
Administrative expenses 
Selling and distribution 
expenses 
Other operating expenses  
Profit from operations 
Finance expenses, net 
Loss from exchange 
differences 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation 
Loss for the year 
Segment assets 
Unallocated corporate 
assets 
Consolidated total assets 
Segment liabilities 
Unallocated corporate 
liabilities 
Unallocated deferred tax 
Consolidated total 
liabilities 
Depreciation and 
amortization 

 574   
 2   
 -     

 -     
 -     

(240)   

£ ‘000 
 39 111   
 6 556   
(1 342)   

 -     

 -     
 2   
 -     

(89)   

(2 719)   

(1 571)   
(1 900)   
(466)   

(1 571)   
 924   
(466)   

 -     

(1 113)   

(1 113)   

 2   
 -     
 2   
 -     

(3 479)   
(149)   
(3 628)   

 -     

(655)   
(149)   
(804)   
 14 669   

 -     

 2 326   

 2 326   

 -     
 -     

 2 326   

 -     

 16 995   
 3 956   

 -     

 7 915   

 7 915   

 -     

 530   

 530   

 -     

 8 445   

 12 401   

 471   

 18   

 393   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 882   

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

7.  SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued) 

Secondary reporting format - geographical segments: 

Sales by country (consignees) 

Ukraine 
Republic of Iraq 
Azerbaijan 
Republic of Moldova 
Lebanon 
Netherlands 
Singapore 
Tajikistan 
Georgia 
Saudi Arabia 
France 
Israel 
Armenia 
Jordan 
Palestine 
Uzbekistan 
Poland 
Other countries 
Total 

Year ended 
31 December 2023 
£ ‘000 
28 864 
4 924 
1 397 
724 
193 
189 
88 
86 
81 
48 
48 
23 
14 
- 
- 
- 
- 
313 
36 992 

Sales by country (consignees) 

  Ukraine 

Republic of Iraq 

  Azerbaijan 

Republic of Moldova 
Lebanon 
  Netherlands 
Singapore 
Tajikistan 

  Georgia 

Saudi Arabia 
France 
Israel 
  Armenia 
Jordan 
Palestine 
  Uzbekistan 
Poland 

  Other countries 

Total 

Year ended 
31 December 2022 
£ ‘000 
29 935 
4 280 
1 754 
1 006 
219 
500 
309 
- 
37 
- 
- 
- 
- 
75 
20 
32 
736 
208 
39 111 

The majority of the Group’s assets and liabilities are in Ukraine. Sales to the countries in Europe represent 
sales to international traders of milk powders located in Europe. These traders consequently resell the 
milk powders to other countries worldwide. The Group has no single customers that exceed 10% of total 
sales. 

Non-current assets by country  

Ukraine 
Cyprus 
BVI 
Total 

Net book value at 
31 December 2023 
£ ‘000 
7 387 
270 
2 
7 659 

  Non-current asset by country 

  Ukraine 
Cyprus 
BVI 
Total 

Net book value at 
31 December 2022 
£ ‘000 
8 244 
350 
3 
8 597 

The amounts of additions to non-current assets amounting to GBP 579 thousand for 2023 (2022: GBP 
765 thousand) mainly refers to Ukraine. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

8.  REVENUE 

For the years ended 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022 sales revenue was presented as follows: 

Branded (including bonuses) 
Beverages (including bonuses) 
Non-branded products 
Distribution services  
Supplementary products 
Gross revenue 
Charges of bonuses 
Total revenue (excluding bonuses) 

Year ended 
31 December 2023 
£ ‘000 
33 768 
2 165 
1 318 
             1 256 

- 
38 507 
(1 515) 
36 992 

Year ended 
31 December 2022 
£ ‘000 
32 595 
1 267 
2 727 
3 144 
574 
40 307 
(1 196) 
39 111 

Bonuses  are  compensation  granted  to  the  Group’s  main  customers  within  its  distribution  network. 
Bonuses are accounted for based on a fixed percentage of the product sold by customers who comprise 
retail networks and distributors. Cash compensation is paid on a periodic basis during the year. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

9.  EXPENSES BY NATURE 

For the years ended 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022, items of expenses were presented as 
follows: 

Cost of sales 
Including: 
Raw materials and consumables used, cost of goods sold, manufacture 
overheads etc. 
Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 
Depreciation 

Administrative expenses 
Including: 
Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 
PR, nominated broker, secretary, legal services etc. 
Security 
Lease and current repair and maintenance 
Bank service 
Communication 
Amortization and depreciation 
Audit fees 
Taxes and compulsory payments 
IT materials, household expenses, reading materials 
Other 

Selling and distribution expenses 
Including: 
Delivery costs 
Promotion 
Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 
Lease and current repair and maintenance 
Packaging 
Amortization and depreciation 
Veterinary certificates, medical examination, permits 
Impairment of inventories 
Other 

Other operating (expenses)/income 
Including: 
Impairment of inventories 
Impairment of trade receivables (Note 18) 
Penalties 
Loss on disposal of non-current assets 
Amortization and depreciation 
Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12) 
Write-off of input VAT 
Provision for the VAT losses related to the impairment of inventory 
Other 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
(30 140) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
(32 555) 

(27 302) 

(2 372) 
(466) 

(1 569) 

(666) 
(316) 
(95) 
(50) 
(34) 
(88) 
(88) 
(70) 
(37) 
(14) 
(111) 

(2 507) 

(1 225) 
(389) 
(212) 
(69) 
(207) 
(118) 
(33) 
(-) 
(254) 

(1 074) 

(627) 
(58) 
(5) 
(-) 
(25) 
(1) 
(195) 
(134) 
(29) 

(29 582) 

(2 434) 
(539) 

(1 342) 

(430) 
(332) 
(116) 
(65) 
(28) 
(79) 
(74) 
(105) 
(38) 
(10) 
(65) 

(2 719) 

(1 081) 
(414) 
(259) 
(45) 
(191) 
(238) 
(32) 
(2) 
(457) 

(1 571) 

(121) 
(1 065) 
(97) 
(310) 
(31) 
(-) 
(-) 
(-) 
53 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

10. NET FOREIGN EXCHANGE LOSS 

For the years ended 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022, net foreign exchange gain (loss), consists 
of:  

Exchange difference in trade and other receivables 
Exchange difference in trade and other payables 
Exchange difference in short and long credits 
Effect of exchange rate changes and restatements on cash and cash 
equivalents 
Total net foreign exchange loss 

11. NET FINANCE EXPENSES 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
6 
(58) 
(417) 

34 

(435) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
180 
(59) 
(1 172) 

(62) 

(1 113) 

For  the  years  ended  31  December  2023  and  31  December  2022,  financial  (expenses)  /  income  were 
presented as follows: 

Finance expense 
Interest expense on bank loans 
Finance income 
Interest income 
Net finance expense recognised in the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income 

Interest expense by bank 

EBRD 
Creditwest Bank 
Vostok Bank 
Total interest expense by bank 

12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

(787) 

6 

(781) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
(507) 
(280) 
- 
(787) 

(472) 

6 

(466) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
(168) 
(293) 
(11) 
(472) 

For  the  years  ended  31  December  2023  and  31  December  2022,  employee  benefit  expenses  were 
presented as follows: 

Wages and salaries (including key management personnel) 
Social security costs 
Total 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
(2 776) 
(475) 
(3 251) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
(2 615) 
(508) 
(3 123) 

Average number of employees 

813 

836 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES (continued) 

Wages and salaries of operating personnel 
Wages and salaries of administrative personnel 
Wages and salaries of distribution personnel 
Wages and salaries of personnel related to other operating expenses 
Total 

Wages and salaries of key management personnel: 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
(2 372) 
(666) 
(212) 
(1) 
(3 251) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
(2 434) 
(430) 
(259) 

(3 123) 

For  the  year  ended  31  December  2023,  remuneration  of  the  Group's  key  management  personnel 
amounted to GBP 365.3 thousand (2022: GBP 117.5 thousand). 

Key management personnel received only short term benefits during the years ended 31 December 2023 
and 31 December 2022. The key management personnel are those persons remunerated by the Group 
who are members of the Board of Directors of the Company (Ukrproduct Group Limited). 

13. INCOME TAX EXPENSES 

For the years ended 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022, income tax expenses were presented as 
follows: 

Current tax charge – Ukraine 
Current tax charge - non-Ukraine 
Deferred tax relating to the origination and reversal of temporary 
differences 
Total income tax expenses 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
174 
17 

(95) 

96 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
410 
- 

(261) 

149 

Differences  in  treatment  of  certain  elements  of  financial  statements  by  IFRS  and  Ukrainian  statutory 
taxation  regulations  give  rise  to  temporary  differences.  The  tax  effect  of  the  movement  on  these 
temporary differences is recognised at the rate of 18% (2022: 18%). 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

13. INCOME TAX EXPENSES (continued) 

The numerical reconciliation between tax charge and the product of accounting profit multiplied by the 
applicable tax rate(s) is provided in the following table. 

Profit before tax:  
Ukraine 
Cyprus  
Other (BVI, Jersey) 
Profit before tax, total  
Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in the relevant 
countries 
Ukraine (2023: 18%, 2022: 18%) 
Cyprus (10%) 

Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to net income not 
subject to tax and expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Ukraine 
Cyprus  

Tax charge 
Ukraine 
Cyprus  

The weighted average applicable tax rate 
Ukraine 
Cyprus  
BVI, Jersey 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

1 129 
(116) 
(527) 
(486) 

203 
- 
203 

(124) 
17 
(107) 

79 
17 
(96) 

18% 
10% 
Nil 
28% 

481 
(12) 
(1 124) 
(655) 

87 
- 
87 

62 
- 
62 

149 
- 
(149) 

18% 
10% 
Nil 
26% 

There are a number of laws related to various taxes imposed by both central and regional governmental 
authorities. Although laws related to these taxes have not been in force for significant periods, the practice 
of taxation and implementation of regulations are well established, documented with a sufficient degree 
of  clarity  and  adhered  to  by  the  taxpayers.  Nevertheless,  there  remain  certain  risks  in  relation  to  the 
Ukrainian  tax  system:  few court  precedents  with  regard  to  tax  related  issues  exist;  different  opinions 
regarding legal interpretation may arise both among and within government ministries and regulatory 
agencies; tax compliance practice is subject to review and investigation by a number of authorities with 
overlapping responsibilities. 

Generally, tax declarations remain subject to inspection for an indefinite period. In practice, however, 
the risk of retroactive tax assessments and penalty charges decreases significantly after three years. The 
fact that a year has been reviewed does not preclude the Ukrainian tax service performing a subsequent 
inspection of that year. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

13. INCOME TAX EXPENSES (continued) 

The Group’s management believes that it has adequately provided for tax liabilities in the accompanying 
financial  statements;  however,  the  risk  remains  that  those  relevant  authorities  could  take  different 
positions with regard to interpretative issues. 

During the period under review, the Ukrainian companies within the Group paid royalties and interest 
charges on the outstanding credits to another Group company – Solaero Global Alternative Fund Limited 
(Cyprus).  These  payments  were  not  taxable  in  Ukraine  due  to  the  existing  Double  Taxation  Treaty 
between Ukraine and Cyprus. 

14. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

In accordance with IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment”, the Group carries out revaluations, with 
sufficient regularity (at least once every five years) to ensure that the carrying amount does not differ 
materially from fair value. An independent valuation of the Group's property, plant and equipment was 
undertaken by Price Consulting LLC as at 1 December 2020.   

As at 31 December 2023, the Group tested property, plant and equipment and capital investments for 
impairment signs, as a result of which management recognized that the recoverable amount of property, 
plant and equipment and capital investments exceeds their carrying amount. Accordingly, for the year 
ended 31 December 2023, no impairment losses on property, plant and equipment and capital investments 
were recognized.   

The Group is divided into two cash-generating units (CGU). 

Dairy production 

Dairy productions consists of production assets for butter, cheese, protein and skimmed dairy products: 
- Production assets of SE Starokostyantynivski Dairy Plant and two other units in Zhytomir and Letychiv; 
- Group vehicle park used for raw material and product transportation; 
- “Nash Molochnik”, “Vershkova Dolyna” and “Narodny product” trade marks. 

Beverage production  

Beverage production combines the production assets of Live kvass “Arseniivsky”. It consists of: 
- Production assets of “Zhyvyi Kvass” LTD and, 
- “Arseniivsky” Trade mark. 

Main assumptions used in value in use calculation 

Value in use calculation for production both dairy products and beverages is sensitive to the following 
assumptions: 
Gross profit margin – Gross profit margin is based on 2024 budget value and takes into consideration 
trends of value indexes for 2020-2024. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

14. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued) 

Discount rate – Discount rate assumes current market estimates risks, specific for each CGU, inclusive 
of cash cost and individual risks and corresponding assets excluded from the cash flow valuation. The 
discount rate calculation is based on specific Group circumstances and operational segment and based 
on from Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). WACC takes into account both loan and owned 
capital. The value of owned capital is calculated on the basis of predicted return on investment of Group 
investors. Specific segment risks are included in usage of separate facts of beta-testing. Beta factors are 
estimated annually using generally accessible market data. The WACC used in the model for both CGUs 
is 21,5%. 

Production value increase – is derived from published consumer price index for Ukraine or world price 
tendencies for export product groups. 

Increase of raw material price – forecast is obtained got from published consumer price index for Ukraine. 
Predicted increase data – the data are based on published industry research in Ukraine and management 
estimates. 

Assumption regarding business segments – in so far as the directors are aware, forecasts in relation to 
the growth rate of each business segment are based on a comparison with the forecast growth rates of the 
Group’s competitors. 

The growth of sales of branded products on the local market is related to the development of sales of the 
brands  “Nash  Molochnik”,  “Arseniivskyi”  and  “Molendam”.  These  brands  gave  more  than  50%  of 
revenue.  

Industry forecast is not used for kvass (beverage) sales forecasting, as the Group produces the unique 
product  “Zhyviy  Kvass”  that  has  no  competitors  in  Ukraine  by  its  nature.  The  model  is  based  on 
management’s forecasts including sensitivity analysis. Brand development plans include: 
- Extension of brand presence in distribution networks; 
- Kvass in kegs sales increase; 
- Extension of beverage product range (production of white kvass); 

The given product is dependent on weather conditions. 

In so far as the directors are aware, the discounted future cash flows from each CGU is not expected to 
be  below  its  acquisition  cost  and,  therefore,  no  impairment  considerations  have  been  included  in  the 
valuation. 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

14. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued) 

As  at  31  December  2023  and  31  December  2022,  property,  plant  and  equipment  were  presented  as 
follows: 

n
r
e
o
d
i
t
n
c
u
u
r
s
t
t
s
e
n
s
o
s
A
C
£ ‘000 

42 
382 
(380) 
- 

(13) 

31 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

31 
554 
(528) 
- 

(11) 

46 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
46 

31 

42 

Cost or valuation 
At 1 January 2022 
Additions  
Transfers to/from AUC 
Disposals 
Exchange differences on translation to 
the presentation currency 
At 31 December 2022 
Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2022 
Depreciation charge 
Disposals 
Revaluation depreciation 
Exchange differences on translation to 
the presentation currency 
At 31 December 2022 
Cost or valuation 
At 1 January 2023 
Additions  
Transfers to/from AUC 
Disposals 
Exchange differences on translation to 
the presentation currency 
At 31 December 2023 
Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2023 
Depreciation charge 
Disposals 
Revaluation depreciation 
Exchange differences on translation to 
the presentation currency 
At 31 December 2023 
Net book value at 31 December 2023 

Net book value at 31 December 2022 

Net book value at 31 December 2021 

d
n
a
d
n
a
L

s
g
n
d

i

l
i

u
B

d
n
a

t
n
a
l
P

i

y
r
e
n
h
c
a
M

s
e
l
c
i
h
e
V

,
s
t
n
e
m
u
r
t
s
n
I

d
n
a

s
l
o
o
t

r
e
h
t
o

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

l
a
t
o
T

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

3 974 
- 
39 
(69) 

(590) 

3 354 

233 
73 
(7) 
87 

(48) 

338 

3 354 
- 
137 
(2) 

(319) 

3 170 

338 
66 
(1) 
74 

(40) 

437 
2 733 

3 016 

3 741 

5 305 
- 
250 
(410) 

(535) 

4 610 

473 
172 
(60) 
142 

(99) 

628 

4 610 
- 
236 
(5) 

(444) 

4 397 

628 
195 
(3) 
83 

(87) 

816 
3 581 

3 982 

4 832 

499 
- 
7 
- 

(96) 

410 

142 
61 
- 
73 

(68) 

208 

410 
- 
7 
(1) 

(43) 

373 

208 
36 
(1) 
26 

(42) 

227 
146 

202 

357 

1 118 
- 
84 
(104) 

(17) 

1 081 

295 
199 
(5) 
41 

(134) 

396 

1 081 
- 
148 
(37) 

(114) 

1 078 

396 
266 
(5) 
25 

(256) 

426 
652 

685 

823 

10 938 
382 
- 
(583) 

(1 251) 

9 486 

1 143 
505 
(72) 
343 

(349) 

1 570 

9 486 
554 
- 
(45) 

(931) 

9 064 

1 570 
563 
(10) 
208 

(425) 

1 906 
7 158 

7 916 

9 795 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

14. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued) 

As at 31 December 2023 the Group has no contractual commitments to purchase property, plant and 
equipment. 

Fixed  assets  with  a  net  book  value  of GBP  2.330  thousand  at  31  December  2023  (2022:  GBP  2.446 
thousand) were pledged as collateral for loans. 

As at 31 December 2023 any prepayments for property, plant and equipment were included within Assets 
under construction in the amount of GBP 2 thousand (2022: GBP 7 thousand). 

As  at  31  December  2023  fully  depreciated  assets  have  been  included  within  property,  plant  and 
equipment with the original cost of GBP 626 thousand (2022: GBP 516 thousand). 

The net book value of property, plant, and equipment recognized at historical cost plus accumulated 
depreciation would be as follows: 

r
e
d
n
u
s
t
e
s
s
A

n
o
i
t
c
u
r
t
s
n
o
C

£ ‘000 
46 

    Net book value at 31 December 2023 

    Net book value at 31 December 2022 

31 

s
g
n
d

i

l
i

u
B
d
n
a
d
n
a
L
£ ‘000 
520 

728 

d
n
a

t
n
a
l
P

i

y
r
e
n
h
c
a
M

£ ‘000 
681 

961 

s
e
l
c
i
h
e
V

£ ‘000 
28 

49 

s
l
o
o
t

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

,
s
t
n
e
m
u
r
t
s
n
I

r
e
h
t
o
d
n
a
£ ‘000 
87 

141 

l
a
t
o
T

£ ‘000 
1 362 

1 910 

In 2020, the Group made a revaluation of fixed assets. An independent valuation of the Group's property, 
plant and equipment was undertaken by Price Consulting LLC as at 01 December 2020. 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rights to use 
natural 
resources 
£ ‘000 

Trademarks 

Total 

£ ‘000 

£ ‘000 

Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

15. INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

As at the reporting dates intangible assets were presented as follows: 

Cost or valuation 
At 1 January 2022 
Additions 
Disposals 
Exchange differences on translation to the 
presentation currency 
At 31 December 2022 

Accumulated amortization 
At 1 January 2022 
Amortization charge for the year 
Disposals 
Exchange differences on translation to the 
presentation currency 
At 31 December 2022 
Cost or valuation 
At 1 January 2023 
Additions 
Disposals 
Exchange differences on translation to the 
presentation currency 
At 31 December 2023 

Accumulated amortization 
At 1 January 2023 
Amortization charge for the year 
Disposals 
Exchange differences on translation to the 
presentation currency 
At 31 December 2023 
Net book value at 31 December 2023 

Net book value at 31 December 2022 

Net book value at 31 December 2021 

Computer 
software 

£ ‘000 

469 
383 
(21) 

(449) 

382 

30 
27 
(21) 

(6) 

30 

382 
28 
- 

(63) 
347 

30 
70 
- 

(8) 

92 
255 

352 

439 

53 
- 
- 

(9) 

44 

- 
2 
- 
- 

2 

44 
- 
- 

           (4) 
40 

2 
2 
- 

- 

4 
36 

42 

53 

842 
- 
- 

98 

940 

525 
62 
- 

66 

653 

940 
- 
- 

(54) 
886 

653 
62 
- 

(39) 

676 
210 

287 

317 

The total amortization periods of the intangible assets are as follows: 
- Computer software 1-10 years; 
- Trademarks 11-18 years; 
- Right of use natural resources 15-20 years; 

1 364 
383 
(21) 

(360) 

1 366 

555 
91 
(21) 

60 

685 

1 366 
28 
- 

(121) 
1 273 

685 
134 
- 

(47) 

772 
501 

681 

809 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

15. INTANGIBLE ASSETS (continued) 

The Group performed its annual impairment test in December 2023 and 2022. The Group considers the 
relationship between its market capitalisation and its book value, among other factors, when reviewing 
for indicators of impairment. As at 31 December 2023, the market capitalisation of the Group was below 
the book value of its equity, indicating a potential impairment of goodwill and impairment of the assets 
of the operating segment. 

Trademark “Zhyviy Kvas” 

The recoverable amount of the trademark “Zhyviy Kvas” CGU, GBP 1 780 thousand as at 31 December 
2023, has been determined based on a value in use calculation using cash flow projections from financial 
budgets approved by senior management covering a five-year period. The projected cash flows have been 
updated to reflect the recovering demand for products and services. The discount rate applied to cash 
flow projections is 20% (2022: 20.1%). The growth rate used to extrapolate the cash flows of the unit 
beyond the five-year period is 0%. As a result of the analysis, management did not identify an impairment 
for this CGU. 

Group of the trademarks within the “Dairy segment” 

The recoverable amount of the three trademarks within the “Dairy segment” CGU, GBP 1 570 thousand 
as  at  31  December  2023,  is  also  determined  based  on  a  value  in  use  calculation  using  cash  flow 
projections  from  financial  budgets  approved  by  senior  management  covering  a  five-year  period.  The 
projected cash flows have been updated to reflect the decreased recovering for products and services. 
The pre-tax discount rate applied to the cash flow projections is 20% (2022: 20.1%). The growth rate 
used  to  extrapolate  the  cash  flows  of  the  unit  beyond  the five-year  period  is  0  %.  As  a  result  of  the 
analysis, management did not identify an impairment for this CGU. 

16. DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022, deferred tax assets and liabilities were 
presented as follows: 

As at 31 
December 2023 
£ ‘000 

As at 31 
December 2022 
£ ‘000 

Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the year 

Deferred tax liability at the beginning of the year 
Deferred tax liability recognised in SOCI during the year 
Reduction in deferred tax due to decrease in property, plant and equipment            
revaluation reserve because of amortization 
Exchange differences on translation to the presentation currency 
Deferred tax assets at the end of the year 
Deferred tax liability at the end of the year 

530 
(47) 

(48) 

- 
392 

          (43) 

- 

796 
(183) 

(76) 

(7) 
- 
530 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

17. INVENTORIES 

As at the reporting dates inventories were presented as follows: 

Raw materials 
Finished goods 
Semi-finished products 
Other inventories 
Provision for impairment of inventories 
Total 

  Movement in the provision for inventories are as follows: 

Balance at the beginning of the period 
Accruals of provision for slow moving items 
(Reversal) /Accrual of provision for impairment to net realized value 
Effect of translation to presentation currency 
Balance at the end of the period 

18. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Prepayments 
Allowance for impairment losses 
Total 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
983 
1 404 
392 
753 
(749) 
2 783 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
99 
702 
(75) 
23 
 749 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
5 689 
364 
678 
(1 331) 
5 400 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
1 257 
1 887 
385 
866 
(99) 
4 296 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
 23 
44 
77 
(45) 
99 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
3 900 
352 
448 
(1 627) 
3 073 

The Group’s management believes that the carrying value of trade and other receivables is a reasonable 
approximation of their fair value. 

Maturity of trade receivables as at 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022 is presented as follows: 

Total 

£ ‘000 
4 358 
2 273 

Non-
overdue 
debt 

£ ‘000 
2 970 
1 315 

Past due debt 

<30 
days 
£ ‘000 
153 
310 

30-60 
Days 
£ ‘000 
7 
76 

61-90 
days 
£ ‘000 
70 
15 

91-120 
days 
£ ‘000 
61 
9 

>120 
Days 
£ ‘000 
1 097 
548 

2023 
2022 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

18.TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued)  

Provisions  were  recognised  for  impaired  trade  and  other  receivables  and  expected  credit  losses  on 
receivables which are not considered to be impaired. The movements in allowance for impairment losses 
are as follows: 

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Accrual 
Use of allowances 
Effect of translation to presentation currency 
Balance at the end of the year 

19. CURRENT TAXES 

VAT receivable 
Current income tax prepayments 
Other prepaid taxes 
Total 

20. OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS 

Loans and receivables 
Loans issued to third parties 
Total 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
1 627 
58 
- 
(354) 
1 331 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
291 
18 
162 
471 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
38 
38 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
268 
1 065 
- 
294 
1 627 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
521 
40 
30 
591 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
35 
35 

Loans issued are short term in nature, repayable on demand and are interest free. 

21. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (EXCLUDING BANK OVERDRAFTS) 

As at the reporting dates cash and cash equivalents were presented as follows: 

Cash on hand - on UAH 
Cash in bank - on UAH 
Cash in Bank - in other currencies 
Total 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
29 
287 
120 
436 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
36 
232 
135 
403 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

22. SHARE CAPITAL 

As at the reporting dates share capital was presented as follows: 

Authorised 

As at 

As at 

As at 

As at 

31 December 2023  31 December 2023  31 December 2022  31 December 2022 

Number '000 
60 000 

£ ‘000 
6 000 

Number '000 
60 000 

£ ‘000 
6 000 

Issued and fully paid at beginning and end of the year 

As at 

As at 

As at 

As at 

31 December 2023  31 December 2023  31 December 2022  31 December 2022 

Number '000 
39 673 

- 

39 673 

£ ‘000 
3 967 

- 

3 967 

Number '000 
39 673 

- 

39 673 

£ ‘000 
3 967 

- 

3 967 

Ordinary shares of 10p each 

At beginning of the year 
Own shares acquired during 
the year 
At end of the year (excluding 
shares held as treasury 
shares) 

Treasury shares 

As at 

As at 

As at 

As at 

31 December 2023  31 December 2023  31 December 2022  31 December 2022 

Number '000 
3 145 
3 145 

£ ‘000 
315 
315 

Number '000 
3 145 
3 145 

£ ‘000 
315 
315 

At beginning of the year 
At end of the year  

Share capital and treasury shares are presented as separate lines in the consolidated statement of financial 
position as at 31 December 2023.  

As at 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022 the Group held a total of 3,144,800 ordinary shares as 
treasury shares and the total number of ordinary shares in issue (excluding shares held as treasury shares) 
was 39,673,049. 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

23.  OTHER RESERVES 

At the reporting date other reserves were presented as follows: 

At 1 January 2022 
Depreciation on revaluation of property, 
plant and equipment 
Exchange differences on translation to the 
presentation currency 
At 31 December 2022 
Depreciation on revaluation of property, 
plant and equipment 
Exchange differences on translation to the 
presentation currency 
At 31 December 2023 

Share premium 

£ '000 
4 562 

- 

- 

4 562 

- 

- 

4 562 

Translation 
reserve 
£ '000 
(14 987) 

Revaluation 
reserve 
£ '000 
6 348 

Total other 
reserves 
£ '000 
(4 077) 

- 

(550) 

(15 537) 

- 

(449) 

(15 986) 

(343) 

- 

6 005 

(208) 

- 

5 797 

(343) 

(550) 

(4 970) 

(208) 

(449) 

(5 627) 

Reserve 

  Description and purpose 

Share premium 
Revaluation 

Translation 

  Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 

Gains arising on the revaluation of the Group’s property, plant and equipment. The balance on 
this reserve is wholly undistributable. 

  Amount of all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial 

information of Group entities to presentation currency.  

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

24. BANK LOANS 

As  at  31  December  2023  the  Group  has  two  loans:  the loan  from  Creditwest  Bank  in  the  amount  of                
GBP  1.314  thousand  (in  UAH  63.684  million)  and  the  loan  from  the  EBRD  in  the  amount  of                              
GBP 4.463 thousand (in EUR 5.127 thousand). 

For the year ended 31 December 2023, the Group continued to be in breach of several provisions of the 
loan  agreement  with  the  EBRD.  The  Group  failed  to  repay  Tranche  A  (aggregate  EUR  2.1  million 
principal, equivalent to £1.8 million) before the maturity date of 1 December 2022 and has missed interest 
payments since 1 March 2022. In June 2023 the EBRD notified the Group about a recalculation and an 
increased interest rate in respect of the aggregate EUR 5.7 million (equivalent to £4.9 million) principal 
and interest of Tranche A and Tranche B from 1 September 2021. 

The  Group  has  been  negotiating  with  the  EBRD  since  June  2021  to  potentially  restructure  the  loan 
repayment  and  negotiations  are  ongoing.  At  present,  the  EBRD  has  taken  no  action  to  accelerate 
repayment of the loan. The Group reverted to the repayment of interest for long-term credit line from the 
EBRD starting from December 2023. 

Fixed  assets  with  a  net  book  value  of GBP  2.330  thousand  at  31  December  2023  (2022:  GBP  2.446 
thousand) were pledged as collateral for loan. 

Assets pledged as security for the EBRD loan include property and land in Starokonstantinov, equipment 
for dairy production and production of hard cheese, as well as trademarks. 

Bank 

Currency 

Type 

Opening 
date 

Termination 
date 

Interest 
rate 

Limit 

£ ‘000 

As At 31 
December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

As at 31 
December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

EBRD 

EUR 

Loan 

31.03.2011 

01.12.2024 

1% – 
10.975% 

7 225 

4 463 

4 665 

Creditwest 
Bank  

Total 

UAH 

Credit line  05.02.2018 

05.02.2024 

20% 

1 341 

1 314 

5 777 

1 451 

6 116 

The average interest rate as at 31 December 2023 was 13.6% (2022: 7.7%). 

Future interest payments 

In less than 1 year 
In more than 1 year 
Total 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
1 250 
- 
1 250 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
1 218 
415 
1 633 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

24. BANK LOANS (continued)  

Maturity of financial liabilities 

Overdue 
In less than 1 year 
In more than 1 year 
Total 

Interest rate profile of financial liabilities 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 

1 627 
4 150 
- 
5 777 

1 627 
4 489 
- 
6 116 

Overdue 
Expiry within 1 year 
Expiry in more than 1 year 
Total 

Floating rate 

Fixed rate 

As at 

As at 

31 December 2023  31 December 2022 

£ '000 
1 627 
2 836 
- 
4 463 

£ '000 
- 
1 314 
- 
1 314 

£ ‘000 
1 627 
4 150 
- 
5 777 

£ ‘000 
1 627 
4 489 
- 
6 116 

The currency profile of the Group's financial liabilities is as follows: 

UAH 
EUR 
Total 

Floating rate 
liabilities 

Fixed rate 
liabilities 

Total as at 31 
December 2023 

Total as at 31 
December 2022 

£ '000 
- 
4 463 
4 463 

£ '000 
1 314 
- 
1 314 

£ '000 
1 314 
4 463 
5 777 

£ '000 
1 451 
4 665 
6 116 

The book value and fair value of financial liabilities are as follows: 

Bank loans 
Total 

Book value as at 
31 December 
2023 
£ '000 
5 777 
5 777 

Fair value as at 
31 December 
2023 
£ '000 
5 777 
5 777 

Book value as at 
31 December 
2022 
£ '000 
6 116 
6 116 

Fair value as at 
31 December 
2022 
£ '000 
6 116 
6 116 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

24. BANK LOANS (continued)  

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities 

As at 31 
December 
2022 

Financing 
cash 
flows 

Accrual 
of 
interest 

£ '000 

6 116 

383 

6 499 

£ '000 

£ '000 

(4) 

(312) 

(316) 

- 

787 

787 

Foreign 
exchange 
move- 
ment 
£ '000 

417 

56 

473 

Other 
changes 

£ '000 

(173) 

- 

(173) 

Effect from 
translation to 
presentation 
currency 
£ '000 

(579) 

(79) 

(658) 

As at 31 
December 
2023 

£ '000 

5 777 

835 

6 612 

Bearing loans and 
borrowings  
Interest  
Interest-bearing 
loans and borrowings  

25. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

At the reporting date trade and other payables were presented as follows: 

Trade payables 
Prepayments received 
Accruals 
Interests payable 
Provisions 
Other payables 
Total 

As at 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
3 414 
132 
105 
846 
584 
131 
5 212 

As at 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
3 956 
119 
199 
383 
425 
80 
5 162 

The Group’s management believes that the carrying value of trade and other payables is a reasonable 
approximation of their fair value. 

For the year ended 31 December 2023, provisions were presented as follows: 

Provision for unused vacation 
Provision for VAT 
Provision for fines 
Provision for audit services 
Provision for other expenses and 
payments 
Total 

Allowance 
at the 
beginning 
of the 
year 
117 
97 
59 
90 

62 

425 

Accrual 

Use of 
allowances 
(Reversal) 

212 
278 
78 
81 

84 

733 

(167) 
(94) 
(57) 
(87) 

(115) 

(520) 

Effect of 
translation 
to 
presentation 
currency 
(14) 
(20) 
(7) 
(8) 

(5) 

(54) 

Allowance 
at the end 
of the year 

148 
261 
73 
76 

26 

584 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

26. EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic  earnings  per  share  have  been  calculated  by  dividing  net  profit  attributable  to  the  ordinary 
shareholders by the weighted average number of shares in issue. 

Net profit/loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 
Weighted number of ordinary shares in issue  
Basic earnings per share, pence 
Diluted average number of shares 
Diluted earnings per share, pence 

27. DIVIDENDS 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
£ ‘000 
390 
39 673 
0.98 
39 673 
0.98 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
£ ‘000 
(804) 
39 673 
(2.03) 
39 673 
(2.03) 

Due to the business circumstances dictating prudence and cash conservation, the Board has decided not 
to pay a final dividend in respect of the year ended 31 December 2023. 

28. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS 

The Company operates an equity-settled share based remuneration scheme for employees. During 2023, 
the Group did not issue options to any third parties. They were not exercised. There are no outstanding 
options issued by the Group. 

29. CURRENCY ANALYSIS 

Currency analysis for the year ended 31 December 2023 is set out below: 

Assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Current taxes 
Other financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total assets 
Liabilities 
Bank borrowings 
Trade and other payable 
Current income tax liabilities 
Other taxes payable 
Total Liabilities 

UAH 

4 667 
471 
38 
339 
5 515 

1 314 
3 401 
64 
199 
4 978 

USD 

GBP 

EUR 

53 
- 
- 
33 
86 

- 
19 
- 
- 
19 

2 
- 
- 
64 
66 

- 
99 
- 
- 
99 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

5 072 
26 
- 
- 
5 098 

Total 

4 722 
471 
38 
436 
5 667 

6 386 
3 545 
64 
199 
10 194 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

29. CURRENCY ANALYSIS (continued)  

Currency analysis for the year ended 31 December 2022 is set out below: 

Assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Current taxes 
Other financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total assets 
Liabilities 
Bank borrowings 
Trade and other payable 
Current income tax liabilities 
Other taxes payable 
Total Liabilities 

UAH 

2 566 
574 
35 
273 
3 448 

1 451 
3 928 
48 
52 
5 479 

USD 

GBP 

EUR 

57 
- 
- 
125 
182 

- 
12 
- 
- 
12 

2 
- 
- 
- 
2 

- 
87 
- 
- 
87 

- 
17 
- 
5 
22 

5 158 
9 
- 
- 
5 167 

Total 

2 625 
591 
35 
403 
3 654 

6 609 
4 036 
48 
52 
10 745 

The table below details the Group’s sensitivity to a 10% strengthening of Hryvnia rate against the US 
dollar and 10% strengthening of Hryvnia rate against the Euro as at 31 December 2023 and 2022, and 
would increase /decrease the amount of profits /or losses for the period by the amounts mentioned below. 
This analysis was conducted based on the assumption that all other variables, in particular, interest rates, 
remained unchanged. The change of the British pound exchange rate does not have an impact on the 
result as all the balances in the British pound are attributable to the Group’s companies where the British 
pound is a functional currency. 

USD 
EUR 
USD 
EUR 

Increase/ 
decrease in rate 

Effect on income before tax in 
2023 

Effect on income before tax in 
2022 

10% 
10% 
(10)% 
(10)% 

£ ‘000 
7 
(510) 
(7) 
510 

£ ‘000 
5 
(926) 
(5) 
926 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

30.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

A related party is a person or an entity that is related to the reporting entity: 

A person or a close member of that person’s family is related to a reporting entity if that person has 
control,  joint  control,  or  significant  influence  over  the  entity  or  is  a  member  of  its  key  management 
personnel. 

An entity is related to a reporting entity if, among other circumstances, it is a parent, subsidiary, fellow 
subsidiary,  associate,  or  joint  venture  of  the  reporting  entity,  or it  is  controlled,  jointly  controlled,  or 
significantly influenced or managed by a person who is a related party. 

 Remuneration of key management personnel is disclosed in Note 12. 

The Group had no commercial relationships with the related parties in 2023. There were no guarantees 
given to or provided by the Group to related parties and vice versa. 

The ultimate controlling owners and beneficiaries of the related parties were Mr. Oleksandr Slipchuk and 
Mr. Sergey Evlanchik. 

31. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

(a) Economic environment 
The Group carries out most of its operations in Ukraine. Laws and other regulatory acts affecting the 
activities of Ukrainian enterprises may be subject to changes and amendments within a short period of 
time. As a result, the assets and operating activity of the Group may be exposed to the risk in case if any 
unfavourable changes that take place in the political and economic environment. 

(b)  Retirement and other liabilities 
Employees  of  the  Group  receive  pension  benefits  from  the  Pension  Fund,  a  Ukrainian  Government 
organization in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations of Ukraine. The Group is required 
to contribute a specified percentage of the payroll to the Pension Fund to finance the benefits.  

The only obligation of the Group with respect to this pension plan is to make the specified contributions 
from salaries. As at 31 December 2023 the Group had no liabilities for supplementary pensions, health 
care, insurance benefits or retirement indemnities to its current or former employees. 

(c) Compliance with covenants 
The Group is subject to covenants related primarily to its borrowings. As at 31 December 2023 the Group 
had been in breach of certain covenants regarding the loan repayments settlement with the EBRD. The 
Group failed to repay Tranche A (aggregate EUR 2.1 million principal, equivalent to £1.8 million) before 
the maturity date of 1 December 2022 and has missed interest payments since 1 March 2022. In June 
2023 the EBRD notified the Group about a recalculation and an increased interest rate in respect of the 
aggregate  EUR  5.7  million  (equivalent  to  £4.9  million)  principal  and  interest  of  Tranche  A  and                
Tranche B from 1 September 2021. The Group classified the loan from the EBRD as a Current Liability 
following the breach of certain covenants and no formal waivers were received by the Group from the 
bank. To the best of the Group’s management knowledge, as of today the EBRD has taken no action to 
accelerate repayment of the loan. 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ukrproduct Group 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 
(in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated) 

31.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (continued) 

(d) Litigations and claims 

The  Group’s  operations  and  financial  position  will  continue  to  be  affected  by  Ukrainian  political 
developments  including  the  application  of  existing  and  future  legislation  and  tax  regulations. 
Management believes that the Group has complied with all regulations and paid or accrued all taxes that 
are  applicable.  In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the  Group  is  subject  to  various  legal  actions  and 
complaints.  Management  believes  that  the  ultimate  liability,  if  any,  arising  from  such  actions  or 
complaints will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or the results of the Group’s 
operations. Where the risk of outflow of resources is probable, the Group has accrued liabilities based on 
management’s best estimate. 

(e) Other 

The amount of non-cancellable lease commitments is insignificant.  

As at 31 December 2023 the Group does not possess any finance lease and hire purchase commitments, 
capital commitments and guarantees. 

31. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

At the time of publication of the annual report the war, which began on 24 February 2022, is ongoing. 
The Group continues to operate. The management of the Group controls all its operations.  

The Group repaid the short-term loan of UAH 63.8 million (GBP 1.3 million) and signed a new facility 
with a Ukrainian bank for working capital needs in the amount of UAH 70.0 million (GBP 1.4 million) 
in January 2024.   

As at 31 December 2023 the Group had been in breach of loan covenants with EBRD. Ukrproduct has 
been in negotiations with the EBRD to potentially restructure the loan repayment schedule since June 
2021. The negotiations with EBRD are ongoing. 

In February 2024 Linkstar Limited, subsidiary of the Company, started the procedure of strike-off. 

As of 19 June 2024 Jack Rowell has retired from the Board following a 19 year tenure as Chairman. 
After Jack Rowell retired from the Board Sergey Evlanchik agreed to become Interim Chairman on a 
temporary basis, in addition to his role as Executive Director of Ukrproduct 

85