Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Packaged Foods / UkrProduct / FY2022 Annual Report

UkrProduct
Annual Report 2022

UKR · LSE Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker UKR
Exchange LSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Packaged Foods
Employees 501-1000
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FY2022 Annual Report · UkrProduct
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Management report

CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE 
STATEMENT ���������������������������������������������������6

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ������������������������8

REMUNERATION 
COMMITTEE REPORT �������������������������������� 12

Corporate Governance Report

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT  ����� 16

CORPORATE SOCIAL 
RESPONSIBILITY REPORT  ����������������������� 19

DIRECTORS’ REPORT  �������������������������������� 22

STATEMENTS 
OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES  ������� 25

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT �������� 26

Financial statements

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  ��������������������� 36

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF FINANCIAL POSITION  ������������������������� 37

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  �������������������������� 38

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF CASH FLOWS  ��������������������������������������� 39

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ������������������������ 40

2

3

Chairman and Chief Executive 
Statement

Trading
Ukrproduct Group Ltd (“Ukrproduct”, the “Company” 
or, together with its subsidiaries, “the Group”) is one 
of the leading Ukrainian producers and distributors 
of branded dairy foods and beverages (kvass)� 

While reporting on the results of the financial year 
2022, it is necessary to highlight that the unprovoked 
and  illegal  aggression  of  Russia  has  completely 
obscured  the  peace  and  life  of  all  Ukrainians  and 
placed  a  heavy  toll  on  the  business  in  Ukraine� 
The  impact  of  these  factors  and  the  resulting 
uncertainties  on  the  Company’s  results,  balance 
sheet  and  cash  flows  have  been  considered  and 
are reflected in the figures reported. The Group has 
had to adjust to the new emergency conditions, the 
key objectives of which were to ensure the safety 
of  the  employees  and  to  maintain  operations  and 
assets�  One of the key challenges for the Group’s 
operations  has  been  the  inability  to  export  goods 
via  Ukrainian  Black  Sea  ports,  which  significantly 
reduced  the  Group’s  export  operations  in  the  first 
half  of  2022�  The  Group  focused  its  efforts  on 
establishing alternative export routes via the border 
between Ukraine and the EU� 

Ukrproduct’s  consolidated  revenue  in  FY2022  fell 
by 19�9% in local currencies� The general decline in 
sales in the domestic market is due to a decrease 
in  the  solvency  of  consumers,  the  outflow  of 
Ukrainian  population  and  the  loss  of  part  of  the 
Ukrainian sales market due to active hostilities and 
the temporary occupation of territories in Ukraine� 
After  currency  translation,  revenue  decreased  by 
24�8%  to  £39�1  million  year-on-year,  due  to  the 
6% impact of foreign exchange rates, in particular 
reflecting the depreciation of the Ukrainian Hryvnia 
against the British pound�  

In  the  processed  cheese  and  processed  cheese 
product category, sales amounted to £22�6 million, 
reflecting a revenue increase of 5.4% compared with 
the previous year on a nominal basis, although sales 
represented  a  decline  of  18�3%  in  volume�  Sales 
have fallen due to market trends, the termination of 
cooperation with some retail networks and losses 
of some export sales� 

In FY2022, butter sales reduced considerably, on a 
nominal basis, by 61�6% compared with the previous 
year,  to  £3�4  million� This  was  due  to  the  planned 
butter  reduction,  especially  low-margin  contracts� 
The Company took a flexible approach by focusing 
on priority sales channels (export, key distributors), 
and  benefiting  from  margin 
improvements.  A 
significant  price  increase  of  butter  in  Ukraine  and 
marginality growth assisted to offset much of the 
volume decline within the segment�

Sales  of  spreads  increased  to  £5�6  million  in 
FY2022 compared with £4�4 million in the prior year� 
This constituted an increase in sales of 35�9%, on 
a nominal basis, but reduction of 1�1% in volume� 
This  is  mainly  attributable  to  the  losses  of  some 
export sales� 

Sales  generated  from  skimmed  milk  powder 
decreased  by  22�1%  on  a  nominal  basis  to  £2�5 
million, compared with £3�4 million in the previous 
year�  In  terms  of  volume,  skimmed  milk  powder 
sales decreased by 44.6% impacted by difficulties 
with  the  Black  Sea  ports  in  Ukraine�  The  Group’s 
skimmed  milk  powder  sales  and  exports  from 
Ukraine in the first half of the year reduced by 69% 
year on year due to the low demand for the supply 
of skimmed milk powder to outside countries�

55

4

Sales  of  kvass  and  beverages  amounted  to  £1�1 
million  in  FY2022,  corresponding  to  a  decline 
of  33�7%  on  a  nominal  basis  and  38�3%  in  terms 
of  volume,  in  each  instance  compared  with  the 
previous  period�  The  decrease  was  principally 
due  to  the  late  start  of  the  season  due  to  active 
hostilities in key kvass sales regions, impacting  the 
period of active sales which was less than half that 
achieved in FY2021�

In  FY2022, 
the  Group’s  administrative  and 
selling  expenses  amounted  to  £4�1  million;  a 
2�5%  decrease  compared  to  FY2021�  The  Group 
optimized  costs  for  payroll,  rents,  communication 
and banks services� The Group’s Central Warehouse 
was  closed,  and  its  functions  were  transferred  to 
production  warehouses  in  Zhytomyr�  Marketing 
campaigns  were  also  significantly  reduced.  As  a 
result of a 87�6% increase in fuel prices, transport 
and logistics costs increased by 53�3% in FY2022 
compared to the previous period, to £0�0 million�

Due  to  the  impact  of  the  war,  other  operating 
expenses  during  the  reporting  period  totaled 
£1�6  million  (2021:  £0�2  million),  including  losses 
from  impairment  of  trade  receivables,  write-off  of 
materials and finish goods, fines, and VAT losses. 

The Group’s operations recorded an EBITDA of £1�7 
million, representing an increase of 57�2% year on 
year�  The  Group’s  EBITDA  margin  improved  from 
2�2% to 4�6%� This notable performance was largely 
attributed  to  a  significant  reduction  in  marketing 
and trade marketing activities, several product price 
increases, a reduction in the cost of production and 
an increase in production efficiency, and a focus on 
the most profitable product groups. 

Net loss after tax for FY2022 amounted to a loss of 
£0�8 million, a decrease of £1�2 million compared 
to  FY2021,  stemming  from  the  negative  currency 
translation  due  to  the  26%  devaluation  of  the 
Ukrainian hryvnia against the Euro�

Financial Position
As at 31 December 2022, Ukrproduct reported net 
assets  of  £4�6  million  including  cash  balances  of 
£0�4 million compared to net assets of £5�9 million 
as  at  31  December  2021  and  a  cash  balances  of 
£0�3 million�

For the year ended 31 December 2022, the Group was 
in breach of several provisions of its loan agreement 
with  the  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction  and 
Development  (“EBRD”)  and  missed  repayments 
for  which  the  bank  has  not  issued  a  waiver�  The 
Company have been holding negotiations with the 
EBRD to potentially restructure the loan repayment 
schedule since June 2021� These negotiations with 
EBRD are ongoing�  At present, the EBRD has taken 
no action to accelerate repayment of the loan�

Outlook
The  Company  continues  to  make  every  effort 
to  navigate  its  strategy  in  a  changing  business 
environment  and  to  respond  to  new  challenges� 
The  Group  expects  that  in  2023  the  focus  will  be 
placed on maintenance of the existing production 
facilities, maintaining sales volumes and increasing 
operating efficiency. 

Jack Rowell 
Non-Executive Chairman

Alexander Slipchuk
Chief Executive Officer

6
6

7

The Board of Directors

As of the date of the approval of the 2022 Annual Report, the Board members are as follows:

NAME

Jack Rowell

POSITION

DATE APPOINTED

Non-Executive Chairman

November 2004

Sergey Evlanchik

Executive Director

April 2008

Alexander Slipchuk

Chief Executive Officer

November 2004

Yuriy Hordiychuk

Chief Operational Officer

January 2013

All directors were re-elected at Annual General Meeting (AGM) on 4 November 2022�

Jack Rowell

Non-Executive Chairman

Jack  Rowell  has  acted  as  Chairman  of  a  number  of  companies  in  the  public 
and private sector, mainly within the food production industry� He was previously 
an executive director on the board of Dalgety plc responsible for the consumer 
foods division� Jack also served as Chairman of Celsis plc� He has also been 
Manager of Bath Rugby, then the Champions of England and the English national 
team� Prior to this, Jack Rowell was CEO of Golden Wonder Ltd� and Lucas Food 
Ingredients (also part of the Dalgety Food Group)� He was educated at Oxford 
University and is a Chartered Accountant�

Alexander Slipchuk

Chief Executive Officer

Alexander  Slipchuk  is  responsible  for  the  Group’s  overall  performance  and 
strategy implementation and is a founder of Ukrproduct Group�He studied at Far-
Eastern High Engineering Marine School in USSR and graduated as a maritime 
navigator in 1989� Together with Sergey Evlanchik, Alexander established  the 
securities  house  Alfa-Broker  in  1994,  developed  the  equity  trading  business 
and  acquired  initial  stakes  in  the  companies  that  later  became  part  of 
Ukrproduct  Group�  Later  in  1998,  Alexander  took  on  the  executive  positions 
at the Molochnik and the Starokonstantynivsky Dairy plants, Ukrproduct’s two 
main operating assets�

Sergey Evlanchik 

Executive Director

Sergey  Evlanchik  received  his  Master’s  degree  at  Oxford  University,  where  he 
studied Business Administration at Said Business School� Together with Alexander 
Slipchuk,  he  established  the  equity  trading  group,  Alfa-Broker  in  1994  and  after 
the downturn of equity markets in 1998, Mr Evlanchik refocused his activities on 
business  development  in  the  industrial  sector  of  Ukraine,  particularly  within  the 
dairy  industry,  where  he  joined  the  companies  that  would  subsequently  form 
Ukrproduct Group in 2004� Sergey then led the Group to its successful listing on 
the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange in 2005�
In 2011 under the leadership of Sergey Evlanchik the Group secured debt finance 
with EBRD focused on energy and production efficiency upgrade of the existing 
production facilities�
Sergey is also a partner in Rengy Development that is focused on development of 
renewable projects – mainly solar power generation in Ukraine�

Yuriy Hordiychuk 
Chief Operational Officer

Yuri  Hordiychuk  has  been  with  the  Group  since  2002�  Firstly,  he  was  Director 
of Procurement, and in 2005 was promoted to Director of Production� The next 
significant  step  in  the  career  of  Mr.  Hordiychuk  was  taken  in  2008,  when  the 
owners of Ukrproduct Group appointed him as Chief Operational Officer of the 
Company� Yuri has a successful track record of business administration and a 
degree in “Production Organization Management”�

Andrii Honcharuk  
Chief Financial Officer

Andrii Honcharuk joined the Group in September 2021 and has overall control and 
responsibility for all financial aspects of Company strategy. He holds Master`s 
degree in Finance and has15 years’ in corporate finance, including 10 years in 
managerial positions�

8

9

Remuneration 
Committee Report

This  report  is  prepared  by  the  Remuneration 
Committee of the Board and sets out the Group’s 
policy  on  the  remuneration  of  the  Directors, 
with  a  description  of  service  agreements  and 
remuneration packages for each Director�

Remuneration Committee
The  Remuneration  Committee  comprises 
one Non-Executive Director, Jack Rowell� This 
Committee is scheduled to meet at least twice 
per annum to advise the Board on the Group’s 
remuneration  strategy  and  to  determine  the 
terms of employment and total remuneration of 
the respective Executive Directors of the Group 
and of its subsidiary companies, including the 
granting  of  share  options�  Among  others,  the 
objective of this Committee is to attract, retain 
and motivate Executives capable of delivering 
the  Group’s  objectives�  The  Remuneration 
the 
Committee 
evaluation  of  the  performance  of  Executive 
Directors�

responsible 

is  also 

for 

The  board  members  were  invited  to  discuss 
issues on the Remuneration Committee, three 
meetings took place during 2022�

Remuneration Policy
The Group’s remuneration policy is to provide 
remuneration packages which:
•  are designed to attract, motivate and retain 

high calibre Executives;

•  are competitive and in line with comparable 

businesses;
rooted 

•  are 

in  practices  exercised 

in 

countries where the Group operates;

•  intend 

to  align 

interests  of 

the 
the 
Executives with those of the shareholders 
by means of fixed and performance related 
remuneration; and

•  set  challenging  performance  targets  and 
motivate  Executives  to  achieve  those 
targets both in the short and long-term�

12

Base salary

The Committee on an annual basis reviews base 
salaries of the respective Executive Directors of 
the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries,  taking  into 
account job responsibilities, competitive market 
rates  and  the  performance  of  the  Executive 
concerned�  Consideration  is  also  given  to  the 
cost  of  living  and  the  Director’s  professional 
experience� While determining the base salaries, 
the Committee also considers general aspects 
of  the  employment  terms  and  conditions  of 
employees elsewhere in the Group�

Incentive Bonus Plans  
and Equity Arrangements

The Committee continues to plan to introduce 
long-term  equity  incentive  arrangements  to 
make  the  overall  Executive  Remuneration 
structure  more  performance-related,  more 
competitive  and  aligned  with  shareholders’ 
interests subject to an improving environment 
in Ukraine�

Service contracts
The appointments of the respective Executive 
Directors of the Company and its subsidiaries 
are  valid  for  an  indefinite  period  and  may  be 
terminated with three months’ notice given by 
either party at any time�

The  Group’s  policy,  including  for  individual 
subsidiaries,  for  compensation  for  loss  of 
office is to provide compensation that reflects 
the  Group’s  or  a  subsidiary’s  contractual 
obligations�

Bonus Scheme
The Committee has established a cash bonus 
scheme  for  Executive  Directors  based  on 
the  overall  performance  of  the  Group  and/or 
respective subsidiary company and attainment 

of  the  operating  profit  targets.  No  bonus 
awards were made for FY 2022�

Non-Executive Directors
The  appointments  of  non-executive  Directors 
are  valid  for  an  indefinite  period  and  may  be 
terminated with three months notice given by 
either  party  at  any  time�  The  decision  to  re-
appoint,  as  well  as  the  determination  of  the 
fees of the non-executive Directors, rests with 

the  Board�  The  non-executive  Directors  may 
accept  appointments  with  other  companies, 
although  any  such  appointment  is  subject  to 
the Board’s approval, terms, and conditions of 
Service Agreements�

Directors’ remuneration
Details of the Directors’ cash remuneration are 
outlined  below�  Information  in  the  table  has 
been audited�

Annual Salary/fee

Bonus

Non-cash compensation Total cash remuneration

2022

£ 000

2021

£ 000

2022

£ 000

2021

£ 000

2022

£ 000

2021

£ 000

2022

£ 000

2021

£ 000

Executive

Alexander Slipchuk

45�0

45�0

Sergey Evlanchik

Yuriy Hordiychuk

Non-Executive

Jack Rowell

General manager

35�0

15�0

95.0

35�0

15�0

95.0

22�5

22�5

Yuriy Hordiychuk*

10�9

10�8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

45�0

35�0

15�0

95.0

45�0

35�0

15�0

95.0

22�5

22�5

10�9

10�8

*This relates to fees paid to Yuriy Hordiychuk for general management services under a separate contract to his 

service contract�

Share based payments
As at 31 December 2022 there are no outstanding options issued by Group�

13

CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE 
REPORT

Corporate Governance Policy

As  an  AIM-quoted  company,  the  Company 
is  required  to  apply  a  recognised  corporate 
governance code, demonstrating how the Group 
complies  with  such  corporate  governance 
code and where it departs from it�

The  Directors  of  the  Company  have  formally 
made  the  decision  to  apply  the  Quoted 
Companies  Alliance  Corporate  Governance 
Code (the “QCA Code”)� The Board recognises 
the principles of the QCA Code, which focuses 
long-term 
on  the  creation  of  medium  to 
value  for  shareholders  without  stifling  the 
entrepreneurial spirit in which small to medium 
sized  companies,  such  as  Ukrproduct  Group 
Ltd,  have  been  created�  The  Company  will 
provide annual updates on its compliance with 
the QCA Code in its Annual Report�

The Board
The Board consists of three Executive Directors 
and  one  Non-Executive  Chairman,  being 
the  Chairman,  reflecting  a  blend  of  different 
experience  and  backgrounds�  The  Board 
considers  Jack  Rowell  to  be  classified  as  an 
independent Non-Executive Director under the 
QCA guidelines�

The  Board  meets  four  times  a  year�  At  these 
quarterly meetings the Board, inter alia, discusses 
the implementation of strategy, reviews financial 
progress  and  evaluates  the 
individual  and 
collective accountability of the Board�

The Group’s day-to-day operations are managed 
by  the  Executive  Directors�  All  Directors  have 
access  to  the  Company  Secretary  and  any 
Director  needing 
independent  professional 
advice  in  the  furtherance  of  their  duties  may 
obtain this advice at the expense of the Group�

The  Board  is  satisfied  that  it  has  a  suitable 
balance  between  independence  on  the  one 
hand,  and  knowledge  of  the  Company  on 

16

the  other,  to  enable  it  to  discharge  its  duties 
and  responsibilities  effectively,  and  that  all 
Directors have adequate time to fill their roles.

Details  of  the  current  Directors,  their  roles 
and background are set out on the Company’s 
http://ukrproduct�com/en/
website 
kompaniya/management-structure/�

at 

The role of the Chairman is to provide leadership 
of  the  Board  and  ensure  its  effectiveness  on  all 
aspects  of  its  remit  to  maintain  control  of  the 
Group�  In  addition,  the  Chairman  is  responsible 
for  the  implementation  and  practice  of  sound 
corporate governance� The Chairman is considered 
independent  and  has  adequate  separation  from 
the day-to-day running of the Group�

The  role  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  is  for 
the  strategic  development  of  the  Group  and 
for communicating it clearly to the Board and, 
once approved by the Board, for implementing 
it.  In  addition,  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  is 
responsible for overseeing the management of 
the Group and its executive management�

Application of the QCA Code
It is the Board’s job to ensure that the Group 
is  managed  for  the  long-term  benefit  of  all 
shareholders  and  other  stakeholders  with 
effective  and  efficient  decision-making. 
Corporate  governance  is  an  important  part 
of that job, reducing risk and adding value to 
the Group� The Board will continue to monitor 
the governance framework of the Group as it 
grows�

The Company remains committed to listening 
to,  and  communicating  openly  with, 
its 
shareholders  to  ensure  that 
its  strategy, 
business  model  and  performance  are 
clearly  understood�  The  AGM  is  a  forum  for 
shareholders  to  engage  in  dialogue  with  the 
Board� The results of the AGM will be published 

via  RNS  and  on  the  Company’s  website� 
Regular  progress  reports  are  also  made  via  a 
Regulatory  Information  Service�  The  point  of 
contact  for  shareholders  is  Andrii  Honcharuk, 
Chief  Financial  Officer,  andrii.honcharuk@
ukrproduct�com� 

The  Company’s  management  maintains  a 
close  dialogue  with  local  communities  and 
its  workforce�  Where  issues  are  raised,  the 
Board  takes  the  matters  seriously  and,  where 
appropriate, steps are taken to ensure that these 
are integrated into the Company’s strategy�

Both the engagement with local communities 
and  the  performance  of  all  activities  in  an 
environmentally  and  socially 
responsible 
way  are  closely  monitored  by  the  Board  and 
ensure that ethical values and behaviours are 
recognised�

Corporate Governance 
Committees

The Board has two committees comprising the 
following:

The Audit Committee
The Audit Committee consists of Jack Rowell 
(Non-Executive  Chairman)�  The 
terms  of 
reference of the Audit Committee are to assist 
all the Directors in discharging the individuals 
of  appropriate  ability  and  experience  and  to 
help in promoting the following:
•  The  Group’s  financial  and  accounting 
systems  provide  accurate  and  up-to-
date  information  on  its  current  financial 
position,  including  all  significant  issues 
and going concern;

•  The 

integrity  of  the  Group’s  financial 
statements and any formal announcements 
financial 
relating 
performance  and  reviewing  significant 
financial  reporting  judgments  contained 
therein are monitored;

the  Group’s 

to 

providing 

is  conducted 

understandable, 

•  The Group’s published financial statements 
represent  a  true  and  fair  reflection  of  this 
position; and taken as a whole are balanced 
and 
the 
information necessary for shareholders to 
assess the Group’s performance, business 
model and strategy;
•  The  external  audit 

in  an 
independent, objective thorough, efficient and 
effective  manner,  through  discussions  with 
management and the external auditor; and
•  A  recommendation  is  made  to  the  Board 
for  it  to  put  to  shareholders  at  a  general 
meeting,  in  relation  to  the  reappointment, 
appointment  and  removal  of  the  external 
auditor  and  to  approve  the  remuneration 
and  terms  of  engagement  of  the  external 
auditor�

Remuneration Committee
The  Remuneration  Committee  consists  of 
Jack  Rowell  (Non-Executive  Chairman)�  The 
terms  of  reference  of  the  Remuneration 
Committee are to:
•  recommend  to  the  Board  a  framework  for 
rewarding  senior  management, 
including 
Executive  Directors,  bearing  in  mind  the  need 
to  attract  and  retain  individuals  of  the  highest 
calibre and with the appropriate experience; and
the 
remuneration package are competitive and 
help in promoting the Group�

the  elements  of 

•  ensure 

that 

Nominations Committee
Given  the  Company’s  size,  the  Board  has  not 
considered it appropriate to have a Nominations 
Committee�

Internal control
The Directors acknowledge their responsibility 
for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal  control, 
which  is  designed  to  ensure  adherence  to 

17

Principle 7 – “Evaluate board 
performance based on clear 
and relevant objectives, seeking 
continuous improvement.”

The  Board  is  small  and  extremely  focussed 
on 
implementing  the  Company’s  strategy� 
However,  given  the  size  and  nature  of  the 
Company,  the  Board  does  not  consider  it 
appropriate  to  have  a  formal  performance 
evaluation  procedure  in  place,  as  described 
and  recommended  in  Principle  7  of  the  QCA 
Code�  The  Board  will  closely  monitor  the 
situation as it grows�

Jack Rowell
Chairman

the  Group’s  policies  whilst  safeguarding  the 
assets of the Group, in addition to ensuring the 
completeness and accuracy of the accounting 
records�  Responsibility  for  implementing  a 
system of internal financial control is delegated 
to Volodymyr Vardzielov, the CFO� The essential 
internal  financial 
elements  of  the  Group’s 
control procedures involve:
•  Strategic  business  planning:  strategic 
business  planning  is  undertaken  annually� 
This 
includes  financial  budget  for  the 
following year�

•  Performance  review:  the  Directors  aim  to 
monitor  the  Group’s  performance  through 
the  preparation  of  monthly  management 
accounts and regular reviews of expenditure 
and projections�

•  The  internal  control  system:  the  internal 
control  system  is  further  enforced  by  the 
Group’s internal audit department with the 
main  objectives  of  ensuring  the  safety  of 
the  Group’s  assets  and  the  reliability  of 
accounting records�

Departure from the QCA Code
for 
In  accordance  with 
Companies,  the  Company  departs  from  the 
QCA Code in the following ways:

the  AIM  Rules 

Principle 5: “Maintain the board 
as a well-functioning, balanced 
team led by the chair.”

The  Company  does  not  comply  with  the 
recommendation  of  Principle  5  that  the  Board 
should  have  at  least  two  independent  non-
executive directors� The Company only has one 
Non-Executive  Director,  the  Chairman,  who  is 
considered independent, but has three Executive 
Directors� The Executive Directors have valuable 
industry  knowledge  and  are  integral  to  the 
running  of  the  business� The  Chairman  has  an 
extensive business experience at the Board level 
especially in the Food industry�

18

Corporate Social Responsibility Report

Corporate Social Responsibility
The  Board  is  committed  to  developing  and 
implementing  corporate  social  responsibility 
(CSR) policies aimed at:
•  Promoting  equality  and  fairness  among 

employees, partners and suppliers 
•  Ensuring safe working conditions 
•  Maintaining 

the  Group’s 

corporate 
reputation  and  dedication  to  business 
ethics 

•  Supporting  the  communities  in  which  the 

Group operates 

•  Establishing 

healthy 
long-term 
relationships  with  the  Group’s  partners, 
customers and other affiliated parties� 

and 

The  main  elements  of  the  Group’s  approach 
towards  fulfilling  the  above  objectives  are  as 
follows:

Employees
The  Group  is  committed  to  ensuring  equal 
opportunities to all its employees, both current 
and  prospective�  Each  employee’s  efforts 
are  highly  valued  and  the  Board  believes  that 
a  diverse  mix  of  the  workforce  facilitates 
innovation,  efficiency  and  teamwork.  As  a 
matter  of  corporate  policy,  regular  training 
and  development  workshops  are  conducted 
for  Ukrproduct’s  staff�  These  are  aimed  at 
all  employee  groups, 
including  managerial, 
technical and production personnel� The training 
programmes  encourage  staff  to  progress  up 
the career ladder and are central to the Group’s 
continuing growth and success� 

Health and safety
Management at business units within the Group 
are responsible for developing and maintaining 
the  underlying  practices  that  provide  for  a 
safe  working  environment�  Special  attention 

is  given  to  the  production  facilities,  where  the 
equipment,  including  lighting,  air  conditioning, 
workspace  and  other  constituents,  undergo 
constant  reviews  and  improvements�  Regular 
monitoring  is  carried  out  to  ensure  that  the 
required standards are met and that employees 
use  the  provided  communication  channels 
to  further  improve  their  surrounding  working 
conditions�

high  quality, 

Customers
Customer  satisfaction  is  at  the  core  of  the 
Group’s  business  model�  Therefore,  the  Board 
is  keen  to  continue  supplying  the  customers 
with 
products 
required  by  current  market  demands�  The 
Group’s  segmentation  practices  are  aimed  at 
segregating  various  customer  groups  in  order 
to  meet  their  respective  needs  with  maximum 
efficiency.  In  addition,  regular  market  research 
and surveys are conducted to ensure maximum 
value is consistently offered to customers�

affordable 

Environment 
The Group recognises the importance of good 
environmental practices and seeks to minimise 
any  negative  impact  that  its  operations  or 
products  might  have  on  the  production  sites 
and surrounding areas� The Group adopted the 
environmental laws and regulations of Ukraine 
to  reduce,  control  and  eliminate  various  types 
of  pollution  and  to  protect  natural  resources� 
Ukrproduct  monitors  and  controls  all 
its 
production facilities regularly in order to ensure 
that  air  quality  is  not  adversely  impacted  by 
its  operations�  The  Group  focuses  on  cutting 
water  and  energy  consumption,  as  well  as 
reducing  the  volumes  of  waste�  Collection 
and  processing  of  waste  have  been  organised 
through  the  local  waste  collection  plants�  The 
Group’s development programme puts specific 

19

emphasis  on  acquiring  and  installing  only  the 
most  advanced  and  environmentally  friendly 
production and auxiliary equipment�

Food safety 
Food safety is one of key priorities for the Group� 
Ukrproduct is committed to produce high quality 
and safe food and ensures that high standards 
are  maintained  within  its  supplier  base�  The 
certified  food  safety  management  system  in 
compliance with ISO 22000 was implemented by 
the Group� This system provides the possibility 
of fully monitoring all production stages - from 
forage control and sound health of the cattle to 
the final product distribution.

Community support 
The  Group  is  keen  to  further  enhance  and 
maintain its partnership with local communities 
by  supporting  their  initiatives  and  charitable 
events� The  Group  contributes  cash  donations 
and  gifts,  as  well  as  employee  time,  by 
encouraging staff to participate as volunteers�

20

21

Directors’ Report

The Directors present their report and the audited 
consolidated financial statements of Ukrproduct 
Group  Ltd  (referred  to  as  the  “Сompany”  and 
together with its subsidiaries, “the Group”) for the 
year ended 31 December 2022�

Principal Activities  
and Business Review

Ukrproduct  is  a  holding  company  for  a  group 
of  food  and  beverages  businesses  located  in 
Ukraine�  The  principal  activities  of  the  Group 
are  the  production  and  distribution  of  highly 
branded dairy foods and beverages (kvass) in 
Ukraine and for export of milk powder� The Group 
is one of the leading branded food producers 
in Ukraine with its own nationwide distribution 
network�  More  detailed  commentary  on  the 
Group’s  activities  during  the  year,  its  financial 
performance,  future  plans,  and  prospects  are 
outlined  in  the  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive 
Statement� 

Results and Dividends

The  results  of  the  Group  for  the  year  are  set 
out on the page 25� The Company recorded a 
net financial loss of £0.8 million, compared to 
a  profit  of  £0.4  million  in  2021.  The  effect  of 
exchange rates led to the Group reporting a net 
foreign exchange loss of £1�1 million� 

The Board has decided not to recommend the 
payment  of  a  dividend  in  respect  of  the  year 
ended 31 December 2022�

Directors
Details of members of the Board of Directors are 
shown on page 8�

The  Directors’  interests  in  the  share  capital  of 
the  Company  as  at  31  December  2022  and  31 
December 2021 are shown below:

Executive

Sergey Evlanchik

Alexander Slipchuk

Yuriy Hordiychuk

Non-executive

Jack Rowell

Shares

Share options

2022

2021

2022

2021

14,967,133

14,939,133

-

14,967,133

14,939,133

-

138,690

138,690

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

22

Powers of the Directors

Payment Policy

Subject  to  the  Company’s  Memorandum  and 
Articles  of  Association,  Companies  (Jersey) 
Law  1991,  as  amended  and  any  directions 
given by special resolution, the business of the 
Company shall be managed by the Directors who 
may exercise all such powers of the Company� 
The  rules  in  relation  to  the  appointment  and 
replacement  of  Directors  are  set  out  in  the 
Сompany’s Article of Association.

The  Group  has  a  general  set  of  guidelines  for 
paying  its  suppliers  based  on  specific  criteria. 
However, it is normal practice to agree payment 
terms  with  a  specific  supplier  when  entering 
into  a  purchase  contract�  The  Group  seeks  to 
abide by the payment terms agreed whenever it 
is satisfied that the goods or services have been 
provided  in  accordance  with  the  agreed  terms 
and conditions�

Financial Risks Facing the Group
The  principal  financial  risks  of  the  business 
are  credit  risk,  liquidity  risk  and  market  risk, 
including  fair  value  or  cash  flow,  interest-
rate  risk  and  foreign  exchange  risk�  The  main 
purpose  of  the  Group's  risk  management 
programme is to evaluate, monitor and manage 
these  risks  and  to  minimise  potential  adverse 
effects  on  the  Group's  financial  performance 
and shareholders. The Chief Financial Officer of 
the Group is in charge of risk management and 
introduction  of  all  policies  as  approved  by  the 
Board of Directors�

further  details  of 

For 
risk 
management please see Note 5 on page 65-69�

the  Group’s 

Employees
The  Group  is  committed  to  ensuring  provision 
of  equal  opportunities  for  all  employees, 
which  is  reflected  by  its  selection,  recruitment 
and  training  policies�  The  Group  considers 
its  employees  to  be  one  of  its  most  valuable 
assets and rewards high performance through 
competitive 
incentive 
schemes�  The  Directors  also  consider  it  a 
priority  to  give  employees  the  opportunity 
to  communicate  their  ideas  and  opinions  to 
all  levels  of  management,  both  directly  and 
through various surveys� The average number of 
employees of the Group during the year ended 
31 December 2022 was 836                 (2021: 852)�

remuneration 

and 

Going Concern
At  the  time  of  publication  of  the  2022  annual 
report  the  war  is  ongoing  and  the  significant 
general uncertainties inherent to the continued 
war  exist,  which  began  on  24  February  2022� 
The  Group’s  management  has  analyzed  the 
observable  impact  of  the  war  on  its  business 
as described below, and has taken the following 
actions in response to the current situation: 
-  For  the  period  after  the  Russian  invasion 
of  Ukraine  58  employees  joined  Ukrainian 
military  forces  and  territorial  defense� 
Personnel  of  production  facilities  and 
central  office  remained  in  their  working 
area  or  worked  remotely�  The  Group  does 
not have a labor shortage and has managed 
to retain its staff;

-  No  critical  assets  preventing  the  Group 
from continuing operations are damaged or 
located in the uncontrolled territories� The 
Group  optimized  utilization  of  production 
facilities  to  meet  domestic  demand  and 
export orders;

-  All  of  the  Group’s  inventories  are  in  good 

condition and are in safe storage�

-  Export  sales  flow  via  Ukrainian  ports 
reduced  significantly�  Alternative 
was 
export  routes  are  expanded  in  length  and 
significantly more expensive in comparison 
with  sea  ones�  Black  Sea  ports  in  Ukraine 
remain blocked for export activities�

-  During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2022,  there 
were  severe  power  outages  in  Ukraine 

23

and 

generation 

caused  by  Russia's  attacks  on  Ukrainian 
power 
distribution 
infrastructure�  These  outages  caused 
temporary instability of work of the Group� 
To mitigate the impact on its business, the 
Group  equipped  its  key  assets  with  diesel 
generators�  Difficulties  with  power  supply 
persisted  throughout  January  2023  and 
only began to partially improve in February 
2023�

-  Selling,  general  and  administrative  and 
other  operating  expenses,  as  well  as 
CAPEX, have been reduced to the minimum 
required to meet the primary needs of the 
Group’s core business;

-  The  loss  of  the  market  in  the  east  and 
south of Ukrainey is expected to be offset 
partly by increased demand in central and 
western  Ukraine,  where  a  large  number  of 
internally  displaced  persons  temporarily 
reside� 

that 

future 
acknowledges 
Management 
development  of  military  actions  and  their 
duration  represent  a  single  source  of  material 
uncertainty  which  may  cast  significant  doubt 
about the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern and, therefore, the Group may be unable 
to  realize  its  assets  and  discharge  its  liabilities 
in  the  normal  course  of  business�  Despite  the 
single  material  uncertainty  relating  to  the  war 
in  Ukraine,  management  is  continuing  to  take 
actions  to  minimize  the  impact  on  the  Group 
and  thus  believes  that  application  of  the  going 
concern assumption for the preparation of these 
Сonsolidated financial statements is appropriate.

For  the  year  ended  31  December  2022,  the 
Group  was  in  breach  of  several  provisions  of 
its  loan  agreement  with  the  EBRD  and  missed 
repayments for which the bank has not issued 
a  waiver�  The  Company  has  been  holding 

negotiations  with  the  EBRD  to  potentially 
restructure the loan repayment schedule since 
June  2021�  The  negotiations  with  EBRD  are 
ongoing�  At  present  the  EBRD  has  taken  no 
action to accelerate repayment of the loan�  

Annual General Meeting
Ukrproduct’s AGM will be held on 3 August 2023� 
The Notice of AGM will be sent to shareholders 
no  less  than  21  days  prior  to  the  date  of  the 
meeting�

Auditors
Moore  Stephens  Audit  &  Assurance  (Jersey) 
Limited was appointed as the Group’s auditors 
for  the  2022  financial  year  by  the  resolution 
of  the  Directors  held  on  3  November  2022�  A 
resolution to reappoint them will be proposed at 
the forthcoming AGM�

Statement as to disclosure of 
information to the auditor

All  of  the  current  Directors  have  taken  the 
necessary steps to make themselves aware of 
any information needed by the Group's auditors 
for the purposes of their audit and to establish 
that the auditors are aware of that information� 
The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit 
information of which the auditors are unaware�

Jack Rowell
Chairman 

29  June 2023

Statements of Directors’ Responsibilities

The directors are responsible for the preparation 
of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in 
accordance  with  applicable  Jersey  law  and 
other  regulations  and  enactments  in  force  at 
the  time�  The  Companies  (Jersey)  Law  1991, 
as  amended  requires  the  directors  to  prepare 
financial statements for each year in accordance 
with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles� 
Under  that  law,  the  directors  have  elected  to 
prepare the consolidated financial statements 
in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as  adopted  by 
the United Kingdom� Under company Law, the 
directors  must  not  approve  the  consolidated 
financial  statements  unless  they  are  satisfied 
that they give a true and fair view of the state 
of affairs of the Group and of its profit or loss 
for the period ended�

In  preparing  these  consolidated  financial 
statements, the directors are required to:
•  select  suitable  accounting  policies  and 

then apply them consistently;

•  make  judgments  and  estimates  that  are 

reasonable and prudent;

•  state 

the 

that 

financial 

information 
complies with IFRS, subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the 
consolidated financial statements; and

•  prepare 

the 

consolidated 

financial 
statements  on  the  going  concern  basis 
unless  it  is  inappropriate  to  presume  that 
the Group will continue in business�

The  board  of  directors  confirms  that  the 
Group has complied with the above mentioned 
requirements  in  preparing  its  consolidated 
financial statements.

The directors are also responsible for:
•  implementing and maintaining an efficient 
and  reliable  system  of  internal  controls  in 
the Group;

•  keeping  proper  accounting  records  that 
disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any 
time the financial position of the Group;
•  taking  reasonable  steps  to  safeguard  the 
assets  of  the  Group  and  to  prevent  and 
detect fraud and other irregularities; and

•  the  maintenance  and 

integrity  of  the 

Group's website�

On behalf of the Directors:
29  June 2023

24

25

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS  
OF UKRPRODUCT GROUP LIMITED

material misstatement (whether or not due to 
fraud) we identified, including those which had 
the greatest effect on the overall audit strategy; 
the  allocation  of  resources  in  the  audit;  and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team� 

These matters were addressed in the context 
of  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements  as  a 
whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and 
we do not provide a separate opinion on these 
matters

Report on the Audit of the 
Financial Statements

Opinion

We  have  audited  the  consolidated  financial 
statements  of  Ukrproduct  Group  Limited  and 
its  subsidiaries  (the  “Group”)  which  comprise 
the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income,  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial 
position as at 31 December 2022, the consolidated 
statement  of  changes  in  equity,  consolidated 
statement of cash flows and notes to the financial 
statements 
including  significant  accounting 
policies. The financial reporting framework that has 
been applied in their preparation is applicable law 
and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards 
(‘IFRS’) as adopted by the United Kingdom� 

In our opinion the financial statements:
•  give a true and fair view of the state of the 
Group’s  affairs  as  at  31  December  2022 
and of its results for the year then ended; 
•  have been properly prepared in accordance 
IFRS  as  adopted  by  the  United 

with 
Kingdom; and

•  have been prepared in accordance with the 
requirements  of  the  Companies  (Jersey) 
Law 1991�

Basis for opinion
We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with 
International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs 
(UK)  and  applicable  law�  Our  responsibilities 
under  those  standards  are  further  described 
in  the  Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the  audit 
the  consolidated  financial  statements 
of 

26

section  of  our  report�    We  are  independent 
of  the  Group  in  accordance  with  the  ethical 
requirements  that  are  relevant  to  our  audit 
of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in 
Jersey, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as 
applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled 
our ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements� We believe that the audit 
evidence  we  have  obtained  is  sufficient  and 
appropriate  to  provide  a  basis  for  our  audit 
opinion�

An overview of  
the scope of our audit

During  our  audit  planning,  we  determined 
materiality and assessed the risks of material 
misstatement  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements 
including  the  consideration  of 
where Directors made subjective judgements, 
for  example,  in  respect  of  the  assumptions 
that underlie significant accounting estimates 
and their assessment of future events that are 
inherently uncertain�  We tailored the scope of 
our  audit  in  order  to  perform  sufficient  work 
to  enable  us  to  provide  an  opinion  on  the 
consolidated  financial  statements  as  a  whole 
taking  into  account  the  Group,  its  accounting 
processes  and  controls  and  the  industry  in 
which it operates�

Key Audit Matters
Key  audit  matters  are  those  matters  that, 
in  our  professional  judgment,  were  of  most 
significance  in  our  audit  of  the  consolidated 
financial statements of the current period and 
include the most significant assessed risks of 

Key Audit Matter

Going Concern

The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared 
on a going concern basis as discussed in note 
2� The Group is in a net current liability position 
due  to  a  breach  of  loan  covenants�  The  net 
current  liability  presented  in  the  Consolidated 
Balance  Sheet  totalled  was  in  the  amount  of 
£3�47m as at 31 December 2022� We included 
the  going  concern  assumption  as  a  key  audit 
matter  given  both  the  continuing  net  current 
liability position as well as the ongoing Russian 
military action in Ukraine (refer note 2�1 b to the 
financial statements).

How the matter was addressed in the audit

In assessing the appropriateness of the going 
concern  assumption  used  in  preparing  the 
financial statements, our procedures included, 
amongst others: 

•  Assessing  the  cash  flow  requirements  of 
the  Group  over  12  months  from  expected 
signoff of these consolidated;

•  Understanding  what  forecast  expenditure 
is committed and what could be considered 
discretionary; 

•  Assessing the liquidity of existing assets on 
the statement of financial position that can 
be used to repay the Group’s obligations; 
•  Considering  the  terms  of  the  EBRD  and 
other bank loan and trade finance facilities 
and the amount available for drawdown as 
well as the probability of EBRD agreeing to 
restructure the facilities;

•  Considering  the  impact  of  the  ongoing 
military  conflict  in  Ukraine  to  the  Group’s 
operations  and 
the  Group’s  business 
continuity plan, if any; and,

•  Considering  potential  downside  scenarios 
and the resultant impact on available funds�

Key Observations

In  our  opinion,  a  material  uncertainty  exists 
that may cast significant doubt as to the ability 
of  the  Group  to  continue  as  a  going  concern� 
This  has  been  highlighted  in  our  Material 
uncertainty related to going concern paragraph 
of the audit report�

27

Risk of fraud in revenue recognition

important 
is  material  and  an 
Revenue 
determinant  of  the  Group’s  performance  and 
profitability. This gives rise to inherent risk that 
revenue  recognised  is  overstated  in  order  to 
present more profitable results for the year. The 
Group’s  revenue  from  local  and  export  sales 
of  milk,  dairy  foods  and  beverages  amounted 
to  £39�11  million,  excluding  the  charge  of 
bonuses�  Given  the  magnitude  of  the  amount 
and the inherent risk of revenue overstatement, 
we  consider  revenue  recognition  to  be  a  key 
audit matter (Refer to note 2�2�11 & 8)�

Our main audit procedures in respect of revenue 
recognition were as follows:
•  We obtained an understanding of the policies 
and procedures applied to revenue recognition, 
as well as compliance therewith, including an 
analysis of the effectiveness of the design and 
implementation of controls related to revenue 
recognition employed by the Group;

•  We  performed  sample  based  tests  of 
details over the accuracy and occurrence of 
sales during the year  specially responsive 
to the risk of fraud in revenue occurrence;
•  We  performed  analytical  procedures, 
including  gross  profit  margin  analysis 
and  obtained  explanations  for  significant 
variances  as  compared  to  the  previous 
year;

•  We  tested  a  sample  of  journal  entries 
relating to income recognition by reference 
to supporting documents;

•  We performed sales cut-off procedures for 
a sample of revenue transactions at the year 
end  in  order  to  conclude  on  whether  they 
were recognized in the correct accounting 
period; and, 

•  We 

reviewed 

the  disclosures 

related 
to  revenue  included  in  the  notes  to  the 
consolidated financial statements�

Risk of Management Override of Controls

Key Observations
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising 
from the procedures performed in this area� 

is 

Management 
in  a  unique  position  to 
perpetrate  fraud  because  of  management's 
ability  to  manipulate  accounting  records  and 
prepare  fraudulent  financial  statements  by 
overriding controls that otherwise appear to be 
operating effectively� Although the level of risk 
of  management  override  of  controls  will  vary 
from  entity  to  entity,  the  risk  is  nevertheless 
present in all entities� Due to the unpredictable 
way in which such override could occur, it is 

Our  main  audit  procedures 
in  respect  of 
Management Override of Controls were as follows:
•  We have Obtained an understanding of the 

financial reporting process�

•  We have reviewed of opening balances and 

completeness of journals�

•  We  have  reviewed  high-risk  journals  as  a 

part of our testing�

•  We  have  reviewed  accounting  estimates 

and potential management bias�

28

a  risk  of  material  misstatement  due  to  fraud 
and thus a significant risk. Also, the Group has 
voluminous transactions and requires complex 
calculations�

Key Observations
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising 
from the procedures performed in this area�

Risk of Foreign exchange results

The risk in foreign exchange difference is due 
to the instability of the Ukrainian Hryvnia (UAH) 
against to the EUR, USD and GBP� In addition, the 
Group's  functional  currency  is  UAH,  while  the 
Group's  financial  statements  are  presented  in 
GBP�  We included the foreign exchange results 
as a key audit matter as the ongoing Russian 
military  action  in  Ukraine  (refer  note  1c,  2�2�1 
and Note 10 to the financial statements).

Risk of Non-compliance with loan covenants

The Group has ERBD loans and there is a risk that 
the group doesn't meet the debt service ratio as 
per stated in the loan agreement� Continuous of 
violating (same breach in prior year) the Group's 
loan covenants could have a potential material 
unfavourable impact to the Group�

During  the  review  of  loan  agreements,  we 
noted that there is non-compliance with certain 
covenants contained within those agreements� 
Please refer note 24 to the financial statements).

Our main audit procedures in respect of foreign 
exchange results were as follows:
•  We have tested the appropriate calculation 
of the movement in the currency translation 
from  functional  currency 
to  reporting 
currency  by  audit  procedures  on  all 
translations  included  in  the  consolidation 
file prepared by management�

•  We  have  assessed 

the  disclosures 
differences in the financial statements�

relating 

the  adequacy  of 
to  exchange 

Key Observations
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising 
from the procedures performed in this area�

Our  main  audit  procedures  in  respect  of  Non-
compliance with loan covenants were as follows:

•  We  have  recalculated  the  loan  covenant 
and  confirmed  that  they  are  according  to 
the terms of the loan�

•  We  have  reviewed  the  correspondences 

with EBRD�

•  We  have  checked  the  contact  with  EBRD 
in relation to their view and actions on the 
breach  of  terms  of  the  loan  agreement 
(loan covenants) and failed to pay interest 
and capital repayments�

Key Observations
We  have  noted  a  material  issue  arising  from 
the  procedures  performed  in  this  area�  The 
specific  instance  identified  by  our  audit  was: 
Debt Service Ratio
Based  on  the  agreement,  the  indicator  for  debt 
service ratio should be “>1�2”�  However, as per our 
audit re-calculation, the indicator is equal to 0�8

29

 
Risk of Subsequent Events

Due  to  ongoing  Russian  invasion  in  Ukraine, 
there  is  a  risk  that  the  group  hasn't  disclosed 
enough  information  in  relation  to  subsequent 
war�

Material uncertainty related  
to going concern

launched  a 

We draw attention to note 2.1 (b), in the financial 
statements,  which  indicates  that  the  Russian 
Federation 
full-scale  military 
invasion of Ukraine, and the Group is in breach 
of  covenants  in  respect  of  funding  received 
from  the  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction 
and Development (EBRD); - these events have 
continued after the year end� These events and 
conditions, along with other matters as set in 
note 2.1 (b) to the financial statements, indicate 
that  a  material  uncertainty  exists  that  may 
cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern� Our opinion is not 
modified in respect of this matter.

30

Our  main  audit  procedures 
Subsequent events were as follows:

in  respect  of 

•  We have obtained an understanding of the 
procedures  management  has  established 
to  ensure  that  subsequent  events  are 
identified�

•  We  enquired  of  management  whether  any 
subsequent  events  have  occurred  which 
might affect the financial statements�

•  We  read  minutes  of  all  relevant  meetings 
since  the  end  of  the  reporting  period  to 
identify any relevant subsequent events, to 
include where applicable: 
a�  general meetings;
b�  management meetings;
c� board meetings�
•  We  read  all  management  and 

interim 
financial  statements  produced  since  the 
end of the reporting period�

Key Observations
We  did  not  note  any  material  issues  arising 
from the procedures performed in this area�

Our application of materiality

it  probable 

that  makes 

We  define  materiality  as  the  magnitude  of 
misstatements  in  the  consolidated  financial 
that 
statements 
the  economic  decisions  of  a  reasonably 
knowledgeable  person  would  be  changed  or 
influenced. We use materiality to determine the 
scope  of  our  audit  and  the  nature,  timing  and 
extent of our audit procedures and to evaluate 
the  results  of  that  work�  Materiality  was 
determined as follows:

Consolidated financial statements as a whole:

Materiality  was  calculated  at  £391,108  which 
is  approximately  1%  of  Total  Revenue�  This 
benchmark is considered the most appropriate 

because, based on our professional judgement, 
we considered that this is the primary measure 
used by the users of the consolidated financial 
statements  in  assessing  the  performance  of 
the Group�

Communication of misstatements to the Board:

the  Directors 

We  agreed  with 
that  any 
misstatement above £19,555 identified during 
our  audit  will  be  reported,  together  with  any 
misstatement  below  that  threshold  that,  in 
our  view,  warranted  reporting  on  qualitative 
grounds�

Other information
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  other 
information� The other information comprises 
the information included in the annual report set 
out on page 6 to 24 other than the consolidated 
financial  statements  and  our  auditor’s  report 
thereon�  Our  opinion  on  the  consolidated 
financial statements does not cover the other 
information and we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon� 

information 

In connection with our audits of the consolidated 
financial  statements,  our  responsibility  is  to 
read  the  other  information  identified  above 
when  it  becomes  available  and,  in  doing  so, 
consider  whether  the  other 
is 
materially  inconsistent  with  the  consolidated 
financial  statements,  or  our  knowledge 
obtained  in  the  audits  or  otherwise  appears 
to  be  materially  misstated�  If  we  identify  such 
material  inconsistencies  or  apparent  material 
misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine 
whether there is a material misstatement of the 
consolidated financial statements or a material 
misstatement of the other information� If, based 
on  the  work  we  have  performed,  we  conclude 
that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact�

We have nothing to report in this regard�

Matters on which we are  
required to report by exception

We  have  nothing  to  report  in  respect  of  the 
following  matters  where 
the  Companies 
(Jersey) Law 1991 requires us to report to you 
if, in our opinion:
•  adequate  accounting  records  have  not 

been kept, or 

•  returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or

•  the 

financial  statements  are  not 
in 
agreement  with  the  accounting  records 
and returns; or

•  we  have  not  received  all  the  information 
and explanations we require for our audit�

Responsibilities of directors 
for the consolidated financial 
statements
As  explained  more  fully  in  the  Statement  of 
Directors’  Responsibilities  on  page  18,  the 
Directors  are  responsible  for  the  preparation 
of the consolidated financial statements which 
give a true and fair view, and for such internal 
control as the Directors determine is necessary 
to  enable  the  preparation  of  consolidated 
financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error�

In  preparing 
the  consolidated  financial 
statements,  the  Directors  are  responsible  for 
assessing  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as 
a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable, 
matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless the 
directors  either  intend  to  liquidate  the  Group 
or  to  cease  operations,  or  have  no  realistic 
alternative but to do so�

Auditor’s responsibilities for the 
audit of the financial statements

Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable 
the  financial 
assurance  about  whether 

31

 
are 

statements 
from  material 
free 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error, 
and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes 
our opinion�  

is  a  high 

Reasonable  assurance 
level  of 
assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted  in  accordance  with  ISAs  (UK)  will 
always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists�  Misstatements can arise from fraud or 
error and are considered material if, individually 
or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably 
the  economic 
be  expected 
decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
consolidated financial statements.

influence 

to 

Explanation as to what extent the 
audit was considered capable  
of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud

The objectives of our audit, in respect to fraud, 
are; to identify and assess the risks of material 
misstatement of the financial statements due 
to fraud; to obtain sufficient appropriate audit 
evidence  regarding  the  assessed  risks  of 
material  misstatement  due  to  fraud,  through 
designing  and 
implementing  appropriate 
responses;  and  to  respond  appropriately  to 
fraud or suspected fraud identified during the 
audit�  However,  the  primary  responsibility  for 
the  prevention  and  detection  of  fraud  rests 
with  both  those  charged  with  governance  of 
the entity and management� 

Our approach was as follows:
  •  We  obtained  an  understanding  of  the 
legal  and  regulatory  frameworks  that  are 
applicable  to  the  Group  and  determined 
that  the  most  significant  are  those  that 
relate  to  the  Companies  (Jersey)  Law 
1991  and  the  AIM  Rules  for  Companies� 
We also reviewed the laws and regulations 
applicable to the Group that have an indirect 
impact on the financial statements�

32

•  We  gained  an  understanding  of  how  the 
is  complying  with  Companies 
Group 
(Jersey)  Law  1991  and  the  AIM  Rules 
for  Companies  by  making  inquiries  of 
management�  We 
corroborated  our 
inquiries through our review of minutes of 
Board of Directors meetings and the review 
of  various  correspondence  examined  in 
the  context  of  our  audit  and  noted  that 
there was no contradictory evidence�

  •  We  assessed  the  susceptibility  of  the 
Group's  financial  statements  to  material 
misstatement,  including  how  fraud  might 
occur,  by  meeting  with  management  to 
understand  where  they  considered  there 
was  susceptibility 
to  fraud�  We  also 
considered  performance  targets  and  their 
propensity  to  influence  management  to 
manage earnings and revenue by overriding 
internal  controls�  We  performed  specific 
procedures  to  respond  to  the  fraud  risk 
of  inappropriate  revenue  recognition�  Our 
procedures  also  included  testing  a  risk-
based  sample  of  journal  entries  that  may 
have  been  posted  with  the  intention  of 
overriding  internal  controls  to  manipulate 
earnings� These procedures were designed 
to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  the 
financial  statements  were  free  from  fraud 
or error�

 • Based on this understanding, we designed 
specific  appropriate  audit  procedures  to 
identify  instances  of  non-compliance  with 
laws and regulations� This included making 
enquiries  of  management  and 
those 
charged  with  governance  and  obtaining 
additional  corroborative  evidence  as 
required�

A further description of our responsibilities 
for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements 
the  Financial  Reporting 
is 

located  on 

Council's  website  at  https://www�frc�org�
uk/auditorsresponsibilities�This  description 
forms part of our auditor's report

Use of our report

This  report  is  made  solely  to  the  Group’s 
shareholders  as  a  body,  in  accordance  with 
Article  113A  of  the  Companies  (Jersey)  Law 

1991� Our audit work has been undertaken so 
that we might state to the Group’s shareholders 
those  matters  we  are  required  to  state  to 
them  in  an  auditor’s  report  and  for  no  other 
purpose� To the fullest extent permitted by law, 
we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to 
anyone  other  than  the  Group  and  the  Group’s 
shareholders as a body, for our audit work, for 
this report, or for the opinions we have formed�

Jeff Vincent

For and on behalf of Moore Stephens Audit & 
Assurance (Jersey) Limited
1 Waverley Place, Union Street, St Helier, 
Jersey, Channel Islands, JE4 8SG

29 June 2023 

33

FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

Ukrproduct Group
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 (in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

Ukrproduct Group
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
FINANCIAL POSITION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 (in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

Revenue

Cost of sales

GROSS PROFIT

Administrative expenses

Selling and distribution expenses

Other operating expenses

PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS

Net finance expenses

Net foreign exchange gain (loss)

(LOSS)/PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION

Income tax сredit

(LOSS)/PROFIT FOR THE YEAR

Attributable to:

Owners of the Parent

Earnings per share from continuing and total operations:

Basic (pence)

Diluted (pence)

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss

Currency translation differences

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET OF TAX

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR

Attributable to:

Owners of the Parent

Non-controlling interests

Note

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 

31 December 

8

9

9

9

9

11

10

13

26

26

2022

£ ‘000

39 111

2021

£ ‘000

51 985

(32 555)

(47 457)

6 556

(1 342)

(2 719)

(1 571)

924

(466)

(1 113)

(655)

(149)

(804)

(804)

(2�03)

(2�03)

4 528

(1 415)

(2 751)

(192)

170

(440)

599

329

110

439

439

1�11

1�11

(550)

244

(550)

(1 354)

(1 354)

-

244

683

683

-

ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Current taxes
Other financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents

TOTAL ASSETS

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity attributable to owners of the parent

Share capital
Treasury shares 
Share premium
Translation reserve
Revaluation reserve
Retained earnings
TOTAL EQUITY

Non-Current Liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities

Current liabilities
Bank loans
Short-term payables
Trade and other payables
Current income tax liabilities
Other taxes payable

TOTAL LIABILITIES
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Note

As at
31 December 
2022
£ ‘000

As at
31 December 
2021
£ ‘000

14
15

17
18
19
20
21

22

23
23
23

16

24

25

7 916
681
8 597

4 296
3 073
591
35
403
8 398
16 995

4 282
(315)

4 562
(15 537)
6 005
5 597
4 594

530
530

6 116
493
5 162
48
52
11 871
12 401
16 995

9 795
809
10 604

4 655
6 763
920
40
312
12 690
23 294

4 282
(315)

4 562
(14 987)
6 348
6 057
5 947

796
796

6 039
587
9 829
41
55
16 551
17 347
23 294

36

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

These consolidated financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 29 

June 2023 and were signed on its behalf by:

Alexander Slipchuk

Chief Executive Officer

37

Ukrproduct Group

Ukrproduct Group

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT  
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 (in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT  
OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 (in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

Attributable to owners of the parent

Share 

Treasury 

Share 

Revaluation 

Retained 

Translation 

Total

Non-con-

Total 

capital

shares

premium

reserve

earnings

reserve

trolling 

Equity

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

interests

As At 31 December 2019

4 282

(315)

4 562

7 031

4 935

(15 231)

5 264

As At 31 December 2020

4 282

(315)

4 562

6 348

6 057

(14 987)

5 947

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive 

income

Currency translation 

differences

Total comprehensive 

income

Reduction of revaluation

Gain on revaluation 

of property, plant and 

equipment

Depreciation on 

revaluation of property, 

plant and equipment

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive 

income

Currency translation 

differences

Total comprehensive 

income

Reduction of revaluation 

reserve

Gain on revaluation 

of property, plant and 

equipment

Depreciation on 

revaluation of property, 

plant and equipment

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

439

-

-

-

-

439

-

244

244

439

244

683

-

-

-

-

-

-

(683)

683

(804)

-

-

-

-

(804)

-

(550)

(550)

(804)

(550)

(1 354)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(343)

343

-

-

-

-

As At 31 December 2022

4 282

(315)

4 562

6 005

5 596

(15 537)

4 594

38

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5 264

439

-

244

683

-

-

-

5 947

(804)

-

(550)

(1 354)

-

-

-

4 594

Note

Year ended
31 December 
2022
£ ‘000

Year ended
31 December 
2021
£ ‘000

Cash flows from operating activities
(Loss)/Profit before taxation
Adjustments for:
Exchange difference
Depreciation and amortization
Profit on disposal of non-current assets
Write off of receivables/payables
Impairment of inventories
Interest income
Interest expense on bank loans
Operation cash flow before working capital changes
Decrease  in inventories
Decrease / (Increase) in trade and other receivables
Decrease in trade and other payables
Changes in working capital
Cash generated from operations
Interest received
Income tax paid
Net cash generated from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible 
assets
Repayments of loans issued
Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Interest paid
Repayments of long term borrowing
Net cash used in financing activities

Net Increase in cash and cash equivalents
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

10
9
9
9
9
11
11

24
24

21

(655) 

1 113
882
-
1 065
121
(6)
471
2 991
94
3 116
(4 986)
(1 776)
1 215
6
(201)
1 020

( 409)

(2)
(411)

(292)
-
(292)

317
( 226)
312
403

329

(599)
1 003
10
192
(41)
-
441
1 335
2 703
(1 558)
(1 118)
27
1 362
-
12
1 374

(723)

(11)
(734)

(379)
(161)
(540)

100
56
156
312

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 (in thousand GBP, unless otherwise stated)

1. GROUP AND PRINCIPAL 
ACTIVITIES
(a) Introduction

Ukrproduct  Group  Limited  (“the  Company”)  is 
a public limited liability company registered in 
Jersey with a registered office at 26 New Street, 
St Helier, Jersey, JE2 3RA, Channel Islands�

in 

leading 

positions 

The  Group’s  overall  management  and 
production  facilities  are  based  in  Ukraine, 
with  the  Head  Quarters  in  Kyiv�  The  Group 
the 
commands 
Ukrainian  processed  cheese  and  packaged 
butter  markets  and  owns  a  range  of  widely 
Ukraine, 
trademarks 
recognisable 
including  “Nash  Molochnik”  (translated  as 
Our  Dairyman),  “Narodniy  Product”  (People’s 
Product) “Molendam” and “Vershkova Dolina” 
(Creamy  Valley)�  The  average  number  of 
employees of the Group during the year ended 
31 December 2022 was 836 (2021: 852)�

in 

(b) Share capital

Significant shareholders of the Company as at 
31 December are as follows:

Ukrproduct Group
Slipchuk Alexander
Evlanchik Sergey

Year ended
31 December 
2022

Year ended
31 December 
2021

34�89%
34�96%

34�89%
34�96%

As at 31 December 2022, 7�34% (2021: 7�34%) 
of the Company’s issued share capital was held 
in treasury�

(c) Ukrainian environment

On  24  February  2022  the  Russian  Federation 
started a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine 
which, due to broad security concerns, became 
challenging for the further stable development 
in 
of  economical  and  finance  segments 
Ukraine�  The  operating  environment  remains 
risky and highly uncertain � 

According  to  the  State  Statistics  Services  of 
Ukraine the GDP decline in 2022 is estimated at 
29�1% compared with a 3�4% growth in 2021� At 
the beginning of the full-scale invasion, preliminary 
GDP estimates ranged between 40 and 50%� The 
consumption  expenditures  of  households  fell 
by  26�7%  while  the  expenditures  of  the  general 
government sector increased by 18�0%�

At  the  start  of  the  invasion,  all  Ukrainian  Black 
Sea  ports  stopped  provision  of  transshipment 
services due to the armed conflict in the territory 
of  Ukraine�  Notably,  some  areas  fully  froze 
exports made via Ukrainian seaports� According 
to the deal brokered on 22 July 2022 by the United 
Nations  and  Turkey  on  the  Safe  Transportation 
of  Grain  and  Foodstuffs  from  Ukrainian  ports 
(ISTGFUP), also referred to as “Grain Deal”, three 
Ukrainian Black Sea ports were unblocked at the 
beginning of August 2022�

The  Ukrainian  economy  has  experienced 
significant  challenges  and  the  government 
has  heavily  relied  on  international  financial 
support�  The  Ukrainian  government  received 
financing  and  donations  from  international 
organizations,  such  as 
International 
Monetary  Fund  and  the  European  Union,  and 
directly  from  numerous  countries  to  support 

the 

financial stability and to finance social related 
payments and military needs�

In December 2022, annual inflation in Ukraine 
reached  26�6%�  Processed  food  products 
increased in price by 29�3%

to 32 euros/100 kg� In the end, the price began 
to  gradually  rise  against  the  background  of  the 
strengthening of the hryvnia and the increase in 
the price of milk in the hryvnia equivalent� As a 
result, the price of milk in November 2022 was 
fixed at the level of 36 euros/100 kg.

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Russian  invasion,  the 
National Bank of Ukraine switched from a flexible 
to a fixed exchange rate regime at UAH/USD 29.25 
and  further  has  increased  the  official  exchange 
rate of the Ukrainian hryvnia against U�S� dollar by 
25%, to UAH/USD 36�5686 from 21 July 2022� 

In  June  2022  the  National  Bank  of  Ukraine 
increased the key policy rate from 10% to 25% 
per annum� 

According to State Statistics Service estimates, 
milk  production  in  Ukraine  in  2022  amounted 
to 7�7 million tons, which is 12�1% less than in 
2021� In the three quarters of 2022, processing 
enterprises received 2,056�2 thousand tons of 
raw milk, which is 15�3% less than in 2021�

Purchase  prices  for  milk,  despite  the  high 
indicators  of  the  export  of  dairy  products, 
remained  35�5%  lower  than  in  the  EU  in  2022 
and almost 10% lower than in 2021�

The  main  reason  for  this  is  Russia's  war 
against Ukraine with all its consequences� The 
destruction  of  raw  milk  and  finished  product 
sales chains in the first months of the war, as 
well as the destruction of dairy farms and milk 
processing plants, caused the price of milk to 
drop by 4�6 euros/100 kg in March 2022�

After that, in the period from May to July 2022, the 
price in currency stabilized at the level of 37�55-
37�76 EUR/100 kg due to the increase in exports� 
However, the National Bank of Ukraine’s increase 
in  the  dollar-hryvnia  exchange  rate  in  July  and 
its subsequent devaluation at the interbank level 
affected  the  price  of  milk  such  that  it  dropped 

In 2022, Ukraine’s exported dairy products were 
worth  USD$344�6  million,  which  is  39%  more 
than  in  2021�  The  factors  that  contributed  to 
such growth include temporary cancellation by 
the  Council  of  the  EU  of  customs  duties  and 
fees  on  Ukrainian  exports  from  4  June  2022 
until  5  June  2023,  high  world  prices  for  dairy 
products during the first three quarters of the 
year  and  the  competitiveness  of  Ukrainian 
dairy products on the European market in the 
Summer-Autumn  period�  The  exception  was 
the  fourth  quarter  whereby  prices  for  dairy 
products  in  the  world  began  to  fall,  and  with 
them the volume of shipments� 

The main export categories, in monetary terms, 
were milk powder (26% of the total structure), 
butter (24%) and casein (21%)� 

Against the background of devaluation, hryvnia 
purchases  of  the  main  imported  category 
of  dairy  products,  cheeses,  decreased 
significantly,  and  domestic  cheesemakers 
began to increase production, both to meet the 
needs of the domestic market and for export� 
In FY2022, 9,000 tons of cheese (29�8% more 
than FY2021) were delivered to foreign markets 
at a total cost of USD$42�3 million, which was 
58�4% more than the previous year�

At the same time, the volume of imports of dairy 
products in 2022, compared to the same period 
last year, decreased by 46% and amounted to 
59�9  thousand  tons�  The  largest  reduction  is 
recorded in the following categories: milk and 
condensed  cream,  reduced  by  6�5  times  to 
1�2 thousand tons, and butter, reduced by 8�1 
times to 1�1 thousand tons�

40

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

41

 
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT 
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1. Basis of preparation

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have 
been  prepared  on  a  historical  cost  basis, 
except  for  significant  items  of  property,  plant 
and  equipment  which  have  been  measured 
using the revaluation model� The consolidated 
financial  statements  are  presented  in  British 
Pounds  Sterling  (GBP)  and  all  values  are 
rounded to the nearest thousand (£000) except 
where otherwise indicated�

(a) Statement of compliance

These consolidated financial statements have 
been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards,  International 
Accounting  Standards  and 
Interpretations 
issued  by 
International  Accounting 
the 
Standards  Board  (IASB),  as  adopted  by  the 
United Kingdom (collectively “IFRS”)�

The  preparation  of  financial  statements 
in 
conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain 
critical  accounting  estimates�  It  also  requires 
management  to  exercise  its  judgment  in  the 
process  of  applying  the  Group’s  accounting 
policies� Further information is provided in Note 3�

(b) Going concern

At  the  time  of  publication  of  the  annual 
report  the  war,  which  began  on  24  February 
2022,  is  ongoing  and  the  significant  general 
uncertainties  inherent  to  the  continued  war 
still  exist�  The  Group’s  management  has 
analyzed  the  observable  impact  of  the  war 
on  its  business  as  described  below,  and  has 
taken the following actions in response to the 
current situation: 
-  For  the  period  after  the  Russian  invasion  of 
Ukraine 58 employees joined Ukrainian military 
forces  and  territorial  defense�  Personnel  of 

production facilities and central office remained 
in their working area or worked remotely� The 
Group does not have a labor shortage and has 
managed to retain its staff;

-  No  critical  assets  preventing  the  Group  to 
continue operations are damaged or located 
in  the  uncontrolled  territories�  The  Group 
optimized  utilization  of  production  facilities 
to meet domestic demand and export orders;
-  All  of  the  Group’s  inventories  are  in  good 

condition and are in safe storage�

-  Export  sales  flow  via  Ukrainian  ports  was 
reduced  significantly�  Alternative  export 
routes  are  expanded  in  length  and  are 
significantly more expensive in comparison 
in  Ukraine 
with  sea�  Black  Sea  ports 
remains blocked for export activities�

-  During the fourth quarter of 2022, there were 
severe  power  outages  in  Ukraine  caused  by 
Russia's attacks on Ukrainian power generation 
and distribution infrastructure� These outages 
caused  temporary  instability  of  work  of  the 
Group� To mitigate the impact on its business, 
the Group equipped its key assets with diesel 
generators.  Difficulties  with  power  supply 
persisted  throughout  January  2023  and  only 
began to partially improve in February 2023�
-  Selling,  general  and  administrative  and 
other  operating  expenses,  as  well  as 
CAPEX, have been reduced to the minimum 
required to meet the primary needs of the 
Group’s core business;

-  The loss of the market in the east and south 
of the country is expected to be offset partly 
by increased demand in central and western 
Ukraine, where a large number of internally 
displaced persons temporarily reside� 

that 

future 
Management  acknowledges 
development  of  military  actions  and  their 
duration represent a single source of material 
uncertainty  which  may  cast  significant  doubt 
about  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a 
going  concern  and,  therefore,  the  Group  may 
be  unable  to  realize  its  assets  and  discharge 

42

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

its liabilities in the normal course of business� 
Despite the single material uncertainty relating 
to the war in Ukraine, management is continuing 
to take actions to minimize the impact on the 
Group and thus believes that application of the 
going concern assumption for the preparation 
of  these  Consolidated  financial  statements  is 
appropriate�

For  the  year  ended  31  December  2022,  the 
Group  was  in  breach  of  several  provisions  of 
its loan agreement with the EBRD and missed 
repayments  which  the  bank  has  not  issued  a 
waiver  for�  The  Company  have  been  holding 
negotiations  with  the  EBRD  to  potentially 
restructure the loan repayment schedule since 
June  2021�  The  negotiations  with  EBRD  are 
ongoing�  At  present  the  EBRD  has  taken  no 
action to accelerate repayment of the loan�  

(c) 

Consolidation Principles

financial 

consolidated 

statements 
The 
comprise 
statements  of 
Ukrproduct Group Limited and its subsidiaries 
as at 31 December 2022�

the  financial 

Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date of 
acquisition, being the date on which the Group 
obtains control, and continue to be consolidated 
until the date that such control ceases�

Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, 
or  has  rights,  to  variable  returns  from  its 
involvement with the investee and has the ability 
to  affect  those  returns  through  its  power  over 
the investee. Specifically, the Group controls an 
investee if, and only if, the Group has:
-  Power over the investee (i�e�, existing rights 
that give it the current ability to direct the 
relevant activities of the investee);

-  Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from 

its involvement with the investee;

-  The  ability  to  use  its  power  over  the 

investee to affect its returns�

Generally, there is a presumption that a majority 
of voting rights result in control� To support this 
presumption and when the Group has less than 
a majority of the voting or similar rights of an 
investee, the Group considers all relevant facts 
and circumstances in assessing whether it has 
power over an investee, including:
-  The  contractual  arrangement  with  the 

other vote holders of the investee;

-  Rights  arising  from  other  contractual 

arrangements;

-  The  Group’s  voting  rights  and  potential 

voting rights�

The  Group  re-assesses  whether  or  not  it 
controls an investee if facts and circumstances 
indicate that there are changes to one or more 
of the three elements of control� Consolidation 
of a subsidiary begins when the Group obtains 
control  over  the  subsidiary  and  ceases  when 
the  Group  loses  control  of  the  subsidiary� 
Assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses  of  a 
subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the 
year are included in the consolidated financial 
statements  from  the  date  the  Group  gains 
control  until  the  date  the  Group  ceases  to 
control the subsidiary�

intra-group  balances, 

income  and 
All 
expenses  and  unrealised  gains  and  losses 
resulting  from  intra-group  transactions  are 
eliminated in full on consolidation� A change 
in  the  ownership  interest  of  a  subsidiary, 
without  a  change  of  control,  is  accounted 
for  as  an  equity  transaction,  that  is,  as 
transactions with owners in their capacity as 
owners� Profit or loss and each component of 
other  comprehensive  income  are  attributed 
to  the  owners  of  the  parent  and  to  the  non-
controlling  interests�  Total  comprehensive 
income  is  attributed  to  the  owners  of  the 
parent  and  to  the  non-controlling  interests 
even  if  this  results  in  the  non-controlling 
interests  having  a  deficit  balance�  When 
necessary,  adjustments  are  made  to  the 

43

financial statements of subsidiaries to bring 
their  accounting  policies  into  line  with  the 
Group’s accounting policies�

If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it:
-  Derecognises 

the  assets 

(including 

goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary;
-  Derecognises  the  carrying  amount  of  any 

non-controlling interests;

-  Derecognises  the  cumulative  translation 

differences, recorded in equity;

-  Recognises 

the 

fair  value  of 

the 

consideration received;

- Recognises any investment retained in the 
former  subsidiary  at  its  fair  value  at  the 
date when control is lost;

-  Recognises  any  surplus  or  deficit  in  profit 

or loss;

-  Reclassifies 

the  parent’s  share  of 
components previously recognised in other 
comprehensive income to profit or loss�

The  Group  applies  the  acquisition  method 
to  account  for  business  combinations�  The 
consideration  transferred  for  the  acquisition 
of  a  subsidiary  is  the  fair  value  of  the  assets 
transferred,  the 
incurred  to  the 
liabilities 
former owners of the acquiree and the equity 
interests  issued  by  the  Group.  Identifiable 
assets  acquired  and  liabilities  and  contingent 
liabilities assumed in a business combination 
are measured initially at their fair values at the 
acquisition date�

Acquisition-related  costs  are  expensed  as 
incurred�

Non-controlling  interests  represent  a  portion 
of profits or losses and net assets not owned 
by  the  Group�  Non-controlling  interests  are 
presented separately from parent share capital 
in  equity  in  the  Consolidated  statement  of 
financial position. 

The Consolidated financial statements of the Group include the following companies:

Group’s company

Country of 

Effective ownership ratio

Principal activities

incorporation

Molochnik LLC*

Starokonstantinovskiy Molochniy Zavod 

Ukraine

Ukraine

SC****

As at 31 December

2022

100%

100%

2021

100%

100%

Holder of some assets

Production

Krasilovsky Molochny Zavod Private 

Ukraine

100%

100%

Owner of land assets

Enterprise SC****

Molochaia Dolina LLC****

Zhiviy Kvas LLC****

Alternative Investments  MCVIF**

Ukrproduct Group LLC

Ukraine

Ukraine

Ukraine

Ukraine

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

Owner of land assets

Production

Asset management

Holder of some 

assets and operating 

companies

LinkStar Limited

Cyprus

100%

100%

Holder of Group's 

Solaero Global Alternative Fund Limited

Cyprus

100%

100%

Holder of Group's 

trademarks and assets

Dairy Trading Corporation Limited

Ukrproduct Group LTD

BVI

Jersey

100%

100%

Export operations

trademarks and assets

Parent company traded 

on AIM

* The Company is held through Ukrproduct Group LLC which is a 100%-owned subsidiary of the 
Company�
** Subsidiary of Solaero Global Alternative Fund Limited, the Group's holder of trademarks and 
assets�
**** Subsidiaries of Alternative Investments  MCVIF�
Alternative Investments  MCVIF  is a limited life entity and will cease to exist on 4 April 2032�

44

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

45

(d) Accounting for acquisitions of companies 
under common control

majority of the Group companies operate�

Acquisitions of controlling interests in companies 
that  were  previously  under  the  control  of  the 
ultimate  beneficiaries  of  the  Company  are 
accounted for as if the acquisition had occurred 
at the beginning of the earliest comparative period 
presented or, if later, at the date on which control 
was obtained by the ultimate beneficiaries of the 
Company� The assets and liabilities acquired are 
recognised at their book values� The components 
of equity of the acquired companies are added to 
the same components within Group equity except 
that any share capital of the acquired companies 
is recorded as a part of merger reserve� The cash 
consideration for such acquisitions is recognised 
as a liability to or a reduction of receivables from 
related  parties,  with  a  corresponding  reduction 
in  equity,  from  the  date  the  acquired  company 
is 
in  these  consolidated  financial 
statements until the cash consideration is paid�

included 

No  goodwill  is  recognised  where  the  Group 
acquires  additional  interests  in  the  acquired 
the  ultimate  controlling 
companies 
shareholders�  The  difference  between  the 
share  of  net  assets  acquired  and  the  cost  of 
investment is recognised directly in equity�

from 

2.2. Significant accounting 
policies

Significant accounting policies given below have 
been  consistently  applied  by  the  Group  in  the 
preparation of these financial statements, unless 
otherwise stated�

2.2.1. Foreign currency 
translation and transactions

(a) Functional and presentation currency

The  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  is  the  currency  of  the 
primary  economic  environment  in  which  the 

Transactions  in  currencies  that  differ  from  the 
functional currency are considered to be foreign 
currency transactions�

Management  has  considered  what  would  be 
the  most  appropriate  presentation  currency  for 
consolidated IFRS financial statements and has 
concluded  that  the  Group  should  use  British 
Pounds  Sterling  (hereinafter  “GBP”  or  £)  as  the 
Group’s  presentation  currency�  This  is  because 
the Ukrainian Hryvnia is not a major convertible 
or recognisable currency outside of Ukraine, and 
also  because  the  Group’s  public  shareholder 
base is located predominantly in the UK 

(b) Transactions and balances

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated 
into the functional currency using the exchange 
rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions 
items  are  re-measured� 
or  valuation  where 
Foreign exchange gains or losses resulting from 
the  settlement  of  such  transactions  and  from 
the  translation  at  the  year-end  exchange  rates 
of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated 
in  foreign  currencies  are  recognised  in  the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income,  except 
when deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow 
hedges  and  qualifying  net  investment  hedges� 
Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented 
in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income within “Net foreign exchange gain (loss)”�

The  financial  results  and  financial  position  of 
the  Group's  companies  are  translated  into  the 
presentation currency as follows:
-  For  current  year,  all  assets  and  liabilities 
are  translated  at  the  rate  effective  at  the 
reporting date� Income and expense items 
are  translated  at  rates  approximating  to 
those  ruling  when  the  transactions  took 
place;
-  Equity 

items  are  translated 

into  the 

46

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

presentation  currency  using  the  historical 
rate;

-  For  comparative  figures,  all  assets  and 
liabilities are translated at the closing rate 
existing  at  the  relevant  reporting  date� 
Income  and  expense  items  are  translated 
at  rates  approximating  to  those  ruling 
when the transactions took place;

-  Income  and  expenses  for  each  Statement 
of  Comprehensive  Income  are  translated 
at monthly average exchange rates; and
-  All  resulting  exchange  differences  are 
recognised  as  a  separate  component  of 
equity within "Translation reserve"�

The  principal  UAH  exchange  rates  used  in 
the  preparation  of  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements are as follows:

Currency

31 

Average 

31 

Average 

December 

exchange 

December 

exchange 

2022

rate for 

2021

rate for 

2022

2021

UAH/GBP

44,0048

39,8699

36,8392

37,514

UAH/USD

36,5686

32,3684

27,2782

27,2659

UAH/EUR

38,9510

33,9954

30,9226

32,259

Foreign  currency  can  be  freely  converted 
within Ukraine at a rate close to the rate of the 
National Bank of Ukraine� At present, the UAH 
is  not  a  freely  convertible  currency  outside 
Ukraine� 

2.2.2. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on 
hand,  deposits  held  on  call  with  banks  and 
investments 
other  short-term  highly 
with  original  maturities  of  three  months  or 
less�  Bank  overdrafts  are  included  in  current 
liabilities  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Financial Position�

liquid 

2.2.3.  Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and 
net realisable value� Cost is determined using 
the  weighted  average  method�  Net  realisable 
value  is  the  estimated  selling  price  in  the 
ordinary  course  of  business  less  applicable 
variable selling expenses�

raw and other materials (including main 

The  Group  identifies  the  following  types  of 
inventories:
- 
and auxiliary operating supply and materials);
(including  semi-
work 
- 
finished products);
- 
finished goods;
other inventories (including fuel, packaging, 
- 
building  materials,  spare  parts,  other  materials, 
goods of little value and high wear goods)�

in  progress 

The  cost  of  finished  goods  and  semi-finished 
products  comprises 
raw  materials,  direct 
labour, other direct costs and related production 
overheads (based on normal operating capacity) 
but excludes borrowing costs� The cost of raw 
materials  and  other  inventories  comprises  all 
costs  of  purchase,  costs  of  conversion  and 
other costs incurred in bringing the inventories 
to their present location and condition�

At  each  reporting  date  the  Group  analyses 
inventories  to  determine  whether  they  are 
damaged, obsolete or slow-moving or whether 
their net realisable value has declined� The net 
realisable value is the estimated selling price in 
the ordinary course of business, less applicable 
variable selling expenses� 

The  Group  periodically  checks  inventories  to 
determine whether they are damaged, obsolete 
or  slow-moving  or  if  their  net  realisable  value 
has declined for any other reason and reduces 
accordingly  the  value  of  inventory  to  properly 
reflect 
in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Comprehensive Income within cost of sales�

47

2.2.4. Property, plant and 
equipment
(a) Recognition and measurement of 
property, plant and equipment

The  cost  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment  is  recognised  as  an  asset  only  if 
it  is  probable  that  future  economic  benefits 
associated with the item will flow to the Group 
and  the  cost  of  the  item  can  be  measured 
reliably and the entity expects to use the items 
during  more  than  one  reporting  period  (more 
than 12 months)�

The  Group  adopts  the  revaluation  model 
(as  defined  in  IAS  16:  Property,  Plant  and 
Equipment)  for  all  classes  of  assets,  except 
office  equipment  which  is  carried  at  cost. 
Management believes that this policy provides 
more reliable and relevant financial information 
because  it  better  reflects  the  value  in  use  of 
such assets to the Group�

All  significant  categories  of  property,  plant 
and  equipment  are  subsequently  carried  at 
fair  value  at  the  date  of  revaluation,  less  any 
subsequent  accumulated  depreciation  and 
subsequent  accumulated  impairment  losses� 
Changes in fair value are recognised in equity 
(the  “Revaluation  reserve”)�  An  appropriate 
transfer  is  made  from  the  revaluation  reserve 
to  the  retained  earnings  when  assets  are 
expensed through the Consolidated Statement 
of  Comprehensive 
through 
depreciation, impairment or sale)�

Income 

(e�g� 

that 

increase 

Subsequent  costs 
future 
economic  benefits  of  the  item  of  property, 
plant and equipment also increase its carrying 
amount�  Otherwise,  the  Group  recognises 
subsequent costs as expenses of the period in 
which they were incurred. The Group classifies 
costs,  associated  with  property,  plant  and 
equipment, for the following categories: repairs 

and  maintenance;  capital  repairs,  including 
modernisation�

(c) Depreciation of property, plant and 
equipment

(a) Impairment of property, plant and 
equipment

At  each  reporting  date  the  Group  assesses 
the  carrying  value  of  its  property,  plant  and 
equipment  to  determine  whether  there  is  any 
evidence that the assets have lost part of their 
value as a result of impairment� If such evidence 
exists,  the  expected  recoverable  amount  of 
such  an  asset  is  calculated  to  determine  the 
amount  of  impairment  loss,  if  any�  In  case  it 
is  not  practicable  to  determine  the  expected 
recoverable  amount  of  a  separate  asset,  the 
Group  determines  the  expected  recoverable 
amount of a cash-generating unit, to which the 
asset belongs�

When,  according  to  estimates,  the  expected 
recoverable  amount  of  an  asset  (or  a  cash-
generating  unit)  is  lower  than  its  carrying 
value, the carrying value of an asset (or a cash 
generating  unit)  is  reduced  to  its  expected 
recoverable  amount�  Impairment  losses  are 
immediately  recognised  as  expenses,  except 
when the asset is carried at revalued price� In 
such cases, the impairment loss is considered 
as a decrease in the revaluation reserve� If the 
impairment loss is subsequently reversed, the 
asset’s  carrying  value  (or  a  cash  generating 
unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its 
expected recoverable amount� In such a case, 
the increased carrying value should not exceed 
the  carrying  value  that  could  be  determined 
in  case  the  impairment  loss  for  an  asset  (or 
a cash-generating unit) was not recognised in 
previous years� The reversal of the impairment 
loss is immediately recognised as income�

Gains and losses on disposals are determined 
by  comparing  proceeds  with  the  carrying 
amount and are included in profit and loss on 
disposal of non-current assets�

Depreciation  of  an  asset  begins  when 
it 
becomes available for use� Depreciation of an 
asset  terminates  with  the  termination  of  its 
recognition�  Depreciation  does  not  terminate 
when  an  asset is idle or  if  it is removed  from 
active use and is intended for disposal, unless 
it is already fully depreciated�

Depreciation is applied to all items of property, 
plant  and  equipment  with  the  exception  of 
land  and  assets  under  construction�  The 
Group  calculates  the  depreciation  using  the 
straight-line  method  to  allocate  their  cost  or 
revalued amounts to their residual values over 
their  estimated  useful  lives�  The  Group  has 
applied the production method of depreciation 
to  all  production  equipment  as  management 
considered  this  method  to  be  the  most 
appropriate for the production assets�

Terms of useful lives by groups of property, plant 
and  equipment  (except  for  those  depreciated 
under production method) are listed below:

Group of property, plant and 
equipment 
 Buildings 
 Plant and machinery 
 Vehicles 
 Instruments, tools and other 
equipment 

Useful life

 7 - 62 years 
 2 - 20 years 
 5 - 12 years 
 2 - 20 years 

The  assets’  residual  values,  useful  lives  and 
methods of depreciation are reviewed at each 
financial year-end and adjusted prospectively, if 
appropriate� Impact of any changes arising from 
estimates made in prior periods is recorded as 
a change in an accounting estimate�

2.2.4. Assets under construction
Assets under construction are reported at their 

48

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

cost  of  construction  including  costs  charged 
by  third  parties  and  the  capitalisation  of  the 
Group's material costs incurred� No depreciation 
is charged on assets under construction� Upon 
completion, the Group assesses whether there 
is any indication that an asset may be impaired� 
If any such indication exists, the Group performs 
impairment testing as described in Note 2�2�19� 
Unless  an  indication  of  impairment  exists,  all 
accumulated costs of the asset are transferred 
to  the  relevant  fixed  asset  category  and 
depreciated  at  applicable  rates  from  the  time 
the asset is completed and ready for use�

2.2.5. Intangible assets
(a) Recognition and measurement of 
intangible assets

Intangible  assets  are  recognised  at  historical 
cost 
less  accumulated  amortisation  and 
accumulated impairment losses� 

The Group recognises an item as an intangible 
asset  if  it  meets  the  following  criteria  for 
recognition:  it  is  probable  that  the  Group  will 
receive  future  economic  benefits  associated 
with  the  asset  and  costs  of  the  asset  can  be 
reasonably estimated�
The  Group  identifies  the  following  types  of 
intangible assets:
•  Computer software licenses;
•  Rights to use natural resources;
• Trademarks�

Acquired  computer  software 
licenses  are 
capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred 
to  acquire  and  bring  to  use  the  specialised 
software�

Rights to use natural resources are capitalised 
on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire�

Trademarks are shown at historical cost�

49

An intangible asset is derecognised at disposal, 
or  when  the  Group  no  longer  expects  receipt 
from this asset of any economic benefits. The 
profit from cancellation or disposal is defined 
by  the  difference  between  net  proceeds  on 
the  sale  and  the  carrying  value  of  intangible 
assets� If the intangible asset is exchanged for 
a similar asset, the value of the acquired asset 
is equal to the value of the disposed asset�

(b) Amortisation and useful life

licenses  are 
Costs  of  computer  software 
amortised  over  their  estimated  useful  lives 
using  the  straight-line  method  (1-10  years), 
right  of  use  natural  resources  (15-20  years)� 
The  amortisation  expense  is  included  within 
administrative  expenses  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Comprehensive Income�

Trademarks  have  finite  useful  lives  and  are 
carried at cost less accumulated amortisation� 
Amortisation  is  calculated  using  the  straight-
line method to allocate the cost of trademarks 
over their estimated useful lives (11-18 years)� 
The  amortisation  expense  is  included  within 
selling  and  distribution  expenses 
the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive 
Income�

in 

(c) Business combinations and goodwill

for 

transferred 

consideration 

the 
The 
acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair value of 
the  assets  transferred,  the  liabilities  incurred 
to  the  former  owners  of  the  acquiree  and 
the  equity  interests  issued  by  the  group�  The 
consideration  transferred 
includes  the  fair 
value  of  any  asset  or  liability  resulting  from 
a  contingent  consideration  arrangement� 
Acquisition-related  costs  are  expensed  as 
incurred�

assumed  for  appropriate  classification  and 
designation in accordance with the contractual 
terms, economic circumstances and pertinent 
conditions  as  at  the  acquisition  date�  This 
includes 
the  separation  of  embedded 
derivatives in host contracts by the acquiree�

If  the  business  combination  is  achieved  in 
stages,  the  acquisition  date  fair  value  of  the 
acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the 
acquiree is remeasured to fair value as at the 
acquisition date through profit and loss.

Any contingent consideration to be transferred 
by the acquirer will be recognised at fair value 
at the acquisition date� Subsequent changes to 
the  fair  value  of  the  contingent  consideration 
which  is  deemed  to  be  an  asset  or  liability, 
will  be  recognised  in  accordance  with  IFRS  9 
''Financial  Instruments"  either  in  profit  or  loss 
or as change to other comprehensive income� 
If  the  contingent  consideration  is  classified 
as equity, it shall not be remeasured until it is 
finally settled within equity.

Goodwill is initially measured at cost being the 
excess  of  the  consideration  transferred  over 
the  Group’s  net  identifiable  assets  acquired 
and  liabilities  assumed�  If  this  consideration 
is  lower  than  the  fair  value  of  the  net  assets 
of  the  subsidiary  acquired,  the  difference  is 
recognised in profit or loss.

Goodwill  is  not  amortised  but  is  subject  to 
testing  for  impairment  as  at  the  reporting 
date  or  more  frequently,  if  events  or  changes 
in  circumstances  indicate  the  possibility  of 
reducing its usefulness� At the acquisition date, 
goodwill  is  allocated  to  each  asset  or  group 
of  assets  that  generate  cash,  and  benefits 
from which are expected to be received upon 
consolidation�

When  the  Group  acquires  a  business, 
it 
assesses  the  financial  assets  and  liabilities 

The  amount  of  impairment  is  determined  by 
assessing the recoverable amount, which may 

50

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

be obtained for a cash-generating asset (group 
of  cash  generating  assets)  to  which  goodwill 
relates� Where the recoverable amount is less 
than the book value of cash generating asset 
(group of cash generating assets), impairment 
is recognised�

2.2.7. Financial assets
The Group classifies its financial assets in the 
following measurement categories:
•  those to be subsequently measured at fair 
value (either through other comprehensive 
income (“FVOCI”), or through profit or loss 
(“FVPL”), and 

•  those to be measured at amortised cost�

The  classification  depends  on  the  Group’s 
business  model  for  managing  the  financial 
assets  and  the  contractual  terms  of  the  cash 
flows.

Three measurement categories into which the 
Group classifies its debt financial assets are as 
follows:
1) 

included 

Amortised cost: assets that are held for 
collection  of  contractual  cash  flows  where 
those cash flows represent solely payments 
of  principal  and  interest  are  measured 
at  amortised  cost�  Interest  income  from 
these  financial  assets 
in 
finance income using the effective interest 
rate  method�  Any  gain  or  loss  arising  on 
derecognition is recognised directly in profit 
or  loss  and  presented  in  other  operating 
income  /  (expenses)�  Impairment  losses 
are  presented  in  other  operating  income 
/  (expenses)  or  as  a  separate  line  item  in 
the  consolidated  comprehensive  income 
statement, if material�

is 

2) 

Fair value through other comprehensive 
income: Assets that are held for collection 
of  contractual  cash  flows  and  for  selling 
the  financial  assets,  where  the  assets 
cash  flows  represent  solely  payments  of 
principal  and  interest,  are  measured  at 

losses, 

FVOCI� Movements in the carrying amount 
are  taken  through  other  comprehensive 
income,  except  for  the  recognition  of 
impairment  gains  or 
interest 
revenue  and  foreign  exchange  gains  and 
losses  which  are  recognised  in  profit  or 
loss� Interest income from these financial 
assets is included in profit or loss using the 
effective interest rate method� Impairment 
are presented in other operating income / 
(expenses) or as a separate line item in the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income, if material�

3) 

Fair  value  through  profit  or 
loss: 
Assets  that  do  not  meet  the  criteria  for 
amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at 
FVPL� A gain or loss on a debt investment 
that  is  subsequently  measured  at  FVPL  is 
recognised in profit or loss and presented 
income  / 
net  within  other  operating 
(expenses) in the period in which it arises�

(a) 

Initial recognition

Financial assets at fair value through profit and 
loss are initially recorded at fair value� All other 
financial  assets  are  initially  recorded  at  fair 
value plus transaction costs� Fair value at initial 
recognition is best evidenced by the transaction 
price�  A  gain  or  loss  on  initial  recognition  is 
only recorded if there is a difference between 
fair  value  and  transaction  price  which  can  be 
evidenced by other observable current market 
transactions  in  the  same  instrument  or  by  a 
valuation technique whose inputs include only 
data from observable markets�

All  purchases  and  sales  of  financial 
instruments  that  require  delivery  within  the 
time frame established by regulation or market 
convention (“regular way” purchases and sales) 
are  recorded  at  trade  date,  which  is  the  date 
that  the  Group  commits  to  deliver  a  financial 
instrument� All other purchases and sales are 
recognised  on  the  settlement  date  with  the 

51

change in value between the commitment date 
and settlement date not recognised for assets 
carried at cost or amortised cost; recognised in 
the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income for trading investments; and recognised 
in equity for assets classified as assets that are 
held  for  collection  of  contractual  cash  flows 
and for selling the financial assets.

(b) Fair value estimation principles

Fair value of financial instruments is based at 
their market value, established at the reporting 
date,  less  transaction  costs�  If  market  value 
is not available, fair value of the instrument is 
determined by means of pricing and discounted 
cash flow models.

If  a  discounted  cash  flow  model  is  applied, 
the  determination  of  future  cash  flows  is 
based  on  optimal  management  estimations 
and  the  discounting  rate  is  market  rate  for 
instruments  predominated 
similar  financial 
as at reporting date� If the price model is used 
entering figures are based on average market 
data predominated as at reporting date�

(d) 

Impairment of financial assets

The Group use a three-stage impairment model, 
based on whether there has been a significant 
increase  in  the  credit  risk  of  a  financial  asset 
since its initial recognition� These three-stages 
then  determine  the  amount  of  impairment  to 
be recognised as expected credit losses (ECL) 
at  each  reporting  date  as  well  as  the  amount 
of  interest  revenue  to  be  recorded  in  future 
periods:
(a) 

increased 
  Credit 
initial  recognition  – 
significantly  since 
recognise  12  months  ECL,  and  recognise 
interest on a gross basis;

risk  has  not 

(b) 

initial 

 Credit risk has increased significantly 
since 
recognise 
recognition  – 
lifetime  ECL,  and  recognise  interest  on  a 
gross basis;

(c) 

  Financial  asset  is  credit  impaired 
(using  the  criteria  currently  included  in 
IFRS 9) – IFRS 9 requires that credit losses 
on  financial  assets  are  measured  and 
recognised using the 'expected credit loss 
(ECL) approach�

(e) Derecognition

monetary  liabilities,  which  are  recognised 
at amortised cost�

-  Bank  borrowings,  overdrafts,  promissory 
notes  and  bonds  issued  by  the  Group  are 
initially  carried  at  fair  value,  being  the 
amount  advanced  net  of  any  transaction 
costs directly attributable to the issue of the 
instrument� Such interest bearing liabilities 
are  subsequently  measured  at  amortised 
interest  rate 
cost  using  the  effective 
method,  which  ensures  that  any  interest 
expense over the period to repayment is at a 
constant rate on the balance of the liability 
carried  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
financial position�

“Interest  expense”  in  this  context  includes 
initial transaction costs and interest payable on 
redemption, as well as any interest or coupon 
payable while the liability is outstanding�

(a) Initial recognition

Financial  liabilities  are  initially  recognized  at 
fair  value,  adjusted  in  case  of  borrowings  for 
directly attributable transaction expenses�

(c) Subsequent measurement

(b) Subsequent measurement

After  initial  recognition,  the  Group  measure 

a financial asset at:
amortised cost;
fair value through other comprehensive 

(a) 
(b) 

income; or

(c) 

fair value through profit or loss�

Financial  assets  at  amortised  cost  are 
measured  at  amortised  cost  less  impairment 
losses� Amortised cost is calculated using the 
effective  interest rate  method�  Premiums  and 
discounts,  including  initial  transaction  costs, 
are  included  in  the  carrying  amount  of  the 
related instrument and amortised based on the 
effective interest rate of the instrument�

Financial  assets  are  derecognised  when  the 
rights to receive cash flows from the financial 
assets  have  expired  or  where  the  Group  has 
transferred substantially all risks and rewards 
of ownership�

2.2.8. Financial liabilities
The  Group  classifies  its  financial  liabilities 
into  categories  depending  on  the  purpose  for 
which the liability was acquired� The Group has 
not classified any of its liabilities at fair value 
through profit and loss.

Financial  liabilities  held  at  amortised  cost 
include the following items:
-  Trade  payables  and  other  short-term 

52

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Trade  and  other  accounts  payable  initially 
recognized  at  fair  value,  are  subsequently 
accounted  for  at  amortized  cost  at  effective 
interest rate method�

Borrowings  and  liabilities  initially  recognized 
less  transaction  costs,  are 
at  fair  value 
subsequently measured at amortized cost; any 
difference  between  the  amount  of  received 
is 
resources  and  the  sum  of  repayment 
represented as interest cost using the effective 
interest  rate  method  during  the  period,  when 
borrowings were received�

(с)  Derecognition

A  financial  liability  is  derecognised  when  the 
obligation  under  the  liability  is  discharged, 
cancelled or expires�

2.2.4. Share capital
The  ordinary  shares  are  classified  as  share 
capital� The  difference  between  the  fair  value 
of  consideration  received  and  the  nominal 
value of issued share capital is recognized as 
share premium�

2.2.5. Treasury shares
The price paid for treasury shares is deducted 
from  Companies’  shareholders'  equity  until 
the  shares  are  cancelled  or  reissued�  When 
treasury shares are sold or reissued, the amount 
received is recognized as an increase in equity� 
Treasury  stock  is  held  at  cost  until  retired  or 
reissued�  Legal,  brokerage,  and  other  costs  to 
acquire  shares  are  not  included  in  the  cost  of 
treasury stock� When treasury stock is reissued, 
any  gains  are  included  as  part  of  additional 
paid-in capital� Losses upon reissuance reduce 
additional  paid-in  capital  to  the  extent  that 
previous net gains from the same class of stock 
have  been  recognized  and  any  losses  above 
that are recognized as part of retained earnings�

2.2.6. Revenue recognition
Revenue  is  recognised  to  the  extent  that  it 
is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits  will 
flow  to  the  Group  and  the  revenue  can  be 
is  measured 
reliably  measured�  Revenue 
in  asset 
simultaneously  with  an 
or  decrease  in  liabilities,  which  causes  the 
increase  in  shareholder’s  equity  (excluding 
the  capital 
increase  through  contributions 
from  members  of  the  enterprise),  provided 
that the amount of income can be reasonably 
estimated. Revenue is reflected in the amount 
of the fair value of assets received�

increase 

Revenue  is  the  amount  of  cash  or  cash 
equivalents  received  or  receivable�  However, 

53

in  case  of  delay  in  receipt  of  cash  or  cash 
equivalents, the fair value of the consideration 
may  be  less  than  received  or  the  nominal 
amount  of  cash  expected  to  be  received� 
When  the  arrangement  effectively  constitutes 
a  financing  transaction,  the  fair  value  of  the 
consideration  is  determined  by  discounting 
all  future  receipts  using  an  imputed  rate  of 
interest�  Revenue  (proceeds)  from  sale  of 
products  (goods,  works  and  services)  is  not 
corrected by an amount of related doubtful and 
uncollectible receivables� The amount of such 
debt is recognized as expenses of the Group�

Revenue comprises the invoiced value of sales 
of goods and services net of value added tax, 
rebates  and  discounts  after  eliminating  sales 
within the Group� Revenues and expenses are 
recognized on an accruals basis�

are satisfied:
-  the  amount  of  revenue  can  be  reliably 

measured;

- inflow of economic benefits related to the 

transaction is probable;

- the stage of completion of the transaction 
at  the  end  of  the  reporting  period  can  be 
measured reliably; and

-  the  costs  incurred  for  the  transaction  and 
the costs to complete the transaction can 
be measured reliably� 

To  recognise  revenue  under  IFRS  15,  the 
Company  applies the following five steps:
-  definition of the contract with the customer;
-  definition of contractual obligations;
-  determining the transaction price;
-  allocation  of  prices 

to  contractual 

obligations;

(a) Revenue from sale of goods (products)

Revenue from the sale of goods (products) is 
recognised  when  all  the  following  conditions 
are satisfied:
-  the  significant  risks  and  rewards  of 
ownership of the goods have passed to the 
buyer;

-  the  Group  is  no  longer  involved  in  the 
management  to  the  extent  that  is  usually 
associated  with  ownership,  and  has  no 
control over the goods sold;

-  the  amount  of  revenue  can  be  measured 

reliably;

-  it  is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits 
associated with the transaction will flow to 
the Group; and

-  the  costs  incurred  or  to  be  incurred  in 
respect of the transaction can be measured 
reliably�

(b) Revenue from sale of services

The  revenue  from  rendering  of  services  is 
recognised  when  all  the  following  conditions 

-  determination  of 

from 
fulfillment of contractual obligations� 

revenue 

the 

2.2.12. Expenses recognition
Expenses which can not be related directly to a 
gain in a certain period, are shown as a part of 
expenses of the period they were incurred in�

If an asset provides economic benefits receivable 
during  several  reporting  periods,  expenses  are 
calculated by allocating its value on a systematic 
basis over respective reporting periods� 

Writing  off  deferred  expenses  is  made  on 
a  straight-line  basis  within  the  periods  to 
which  they  relate,  during  which  the  receipt  of 
economic benefits is expected.

Expenses which were incurred in the reporting 
period but relate to production of semi-finished 
products  which  will  be  further  processed  to 
finished  goods  and  sold  in  future  reporting 
periods, are accounted for in the current period 
in the item "Work-in-progress", included within 
“Inventories” in the consolidated statement of 
financial position.

54

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

2.2.13. Financial expenses

Interest  expenses  and  other  costs  on 
to  finance  construction  or 
borrowings 
production of qualifying assets are capitalized 
during  the  period  of  time  that  is  required  to 
complete and prepare the asset for its intended 
use� All other borrowing costs are expensed� 
Net  financial  expenses  are  recorded  in  the 
consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income�

2.2.14. Value added tax
VAT  is  levied  at  two  rates:  20%  on  Ukrainian 
domestic  sales  and  imports  of  goods,  works 
and  services  and  0%  on  export  of  goods  and 
provision  of  works  or  services  to  be  used 
outside Ukraine�

VAT  output  equals  the  total  amount  of  VAT 
collected within a reporting period, and arises 
on the earlier of the date of shipping goods to 
a  customer  or  the  date  of  receiving  payment 
from  the  customer�  VAT  input  is  the  amount 
that  a  taxpayer  is  entitled  to  offset  against 
their VAT liability in the reporting period� Rights 
to VAT input arise on the earlier of the date of 
payment to the supplier or the date goods are 
received�

2.2.15. Tax
Taxation has been provided for in the financial 
statements 
relevant 
legislation  currently  in  force�  The  charge  for 
taxation  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income for the year comprises 
current tax and changes in deferred tax�

in  accordance  with 

Current  tax  is  the  amount  of  income  tax 
payable/recoverable 
in  respect  of  taxable 
profit/tax  loss  for  the  period  determined  in 
accordance  with  rules  established  by  the  tax 
authorities in respect of which income tax shall 
be paid/refundable�

Current tax liabilities and assets are measured 
at  the  amount  expected  to  be  paid  to  or 
recovered from the taxation authorities, using 
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted, 
or substantively enacted, by the reporting date�

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated 
in  respect  of  temporary  differences  using 
the  balance  sheet  liability  method�  Deferred 
income  taxes  are  provided  on  all  temporary 
differences  arising  between  the  tax  bases 
of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying 
amounts  for  financial  reporting  purposes, 
except  in  situations  where  the  deferred  tax 
arising  on  initial  recognition  of  goodwill  or 
of  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  that  is 
not a deal to merge companies and which, at 
the  time  of  its  commission,  has  no  effect  on 
accounting or taxable profit or loss.

tax 

Assessment  of  deferred 
liabilities 
and  deferred  tax  assets  reflects  the  tax 
consequences  that  would  arise  depending 
on the ways in which the Group assumes the 
reporting  date  of  realisation  or  settlement  of 
the carrying value of its assets or liabilities�

A  deferred  tax  asset  is  recognised  only  to 
the  extent  to  which  there  is  a  substantial 
probability  that  future  taxable  profit,  which 
may  be  reduced  by  the  amount  of  deductible 
temporary  differences,  will  be 
received� 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured 
at tax rates, the use of which is expected in the 
period of the asset or liability is settled, based 
on the provisions of the legislation enacted, or 
declared at that date�

Deferred  income  taxes  are  recognised  for 
all  temporary  differences  associated  with 
investments  in  subsidiaries  and  associated 
in 
companies  and 
cases  where  the  Group  controls  the  timing 
of  the  reversal  of  temporary  differences,  and 
where there is a significant probability that the 

joint  activities,  except 

55

temporary difference will not will be reduced in 
the foreseeable future�

are included in staff costs� The Group does not 
operate any other pension schemes�

The  Group  reviews  the  carrying  amount  of 
deferred  tax  assets  at  each  reporting  date 
and  reduces  it  to  the  extent  to  which  there 
is  no  longer  the  probability  that  there  will  be 
sufficient taxable profits, which allow to realise 
the  benefits  of  part  or  all  of  this  deferred  tax 
asset�  Any  such  reduction  is  restored  to  the 
extent  to  which  there  is  the  likelihood  that 
sufficient taxable profit is accrued.

2.2.18. Share issue costs
All  qualifying  transaction  costs  in  respect  of 
the  issue  of  shares  are  accounted  for  as  a 
deduction  from  share  premium,  net  of  any 
related  tax  deduction�  Qualifying  transaction 
include  the  costs  of  preparing  the 
costs 
prospectus, accounting, tax and legal expenses, 
underwriting fees and valuation fees in respect 
of the shares and of other assets�

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  not 
discounted�

2.2.16. Share-based payments
Where share options are awarded to employees, 
the fair value of the options at the date of grant 
is  charged  to  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income over the vesting period� 
Where  the  terms  and  conditions  of  options 
are  modified  before  they  vest,  the  increase 
in  the  fair  value  of  the  options,  measured 
immediately before and after the modification, 
is also charged to the consolidated statement 
of  comprehensive  income  over  the  remaining 
vesting  period�  Where  equity  instruments  are 
granted to persons other than employees, the 
consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income is charged with the fair value of goods 
and services received� Where fair value of goods 
and services received from persons other than 
employees is difficult to identify, the fair value 
of  the  instruments  granted  is  charged  to  the 
consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income over the vesting period�

2.2.17. Pension costs
The  Group  contributes 
the  Ukrainian 
to 
mandatory  state  pension  scheme,  social 
insurance  and  employment  funds  in  respect 
of its employees� The Group's pension scheme 
contributions  are  expensed  as  incurred  and 

2.2.19. Leases
Group as a lessee

lessee 
leases  various 
The  Group  as  a 
warehouses  and 
vehicles�  The  Group 
recognizes a lease liability and a corresponding 
right-of-use asset at the commencement date 
of a lease� A lease is a contract — or part of a 
contract — that conveys a right to control the 
use of an identified asset for a period of time in 
exchange for consideration� In general, Group 
splits the contractual consideration into a lease 
and  a  non-lease  component  based  on  their 
relative stand-alone prices� For vehicle leases, 
however, Group applies the practical expedient 
not  to  make  this  split  but  rather  accounts 
for  the  fixed  consideration  as  a  single  lease 
component�  In  addition,  payments  related  to 
short-term  leases  (leases  with  a  term  shorter 
than 12 months) are recognized on a straight-
line basis in profit or loss.

Right-of-use  assets  are  measured  at  cost 
comprising the following: 
-  the  amount  of  the  initial  measurement  of 

lease liability;

-  any  lease  payments  made  at  or  before 
the  commencement  date  less  any  lease 
incentives received;

-  any initial direct costs, and;
-  restoration costs�

56

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Right-of-use  assets  are  generally  depreciated 
over  the  shorter  of  the  asset's  useful  life  and 
the  lease    term  on  a  straight-line  basis�  If 
the  group  is  reasonably  certain  to  exercise 
a  purchase  option,  the    right-of-use  asset  is 
depreciated over the underlying asset’s useful 
life�  Payments  associated  with  short-term 
leases and of low-value assets are recognised 
on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit 
or loss� 

Group as a lessor

Amounts  due  from  lessees  under  finance 
leases  are  recorded  as  receivables  at  the 
amount  of  the  Group’s  investment  in  the 
relevant  leases.  Income  from  finance  leases 
is  allocated  to  accounting  periods  so  as  to 
reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the 
Group’s net investment outstanding in respect 
of the relevant leases� 

Lease income from operating leases where the 
group  is  a  lessor  is  recognised  in  income  on 
a straightline basis over the lease term� Initial 
direct costs incurred in obtaining an operating 
lease are  added to the carrying amount of the 
underlying  asset  and  recognised  as  expense 
over  the  lease  term    on  the  same  basis  as 
lease  income�  The  respective  leased  assets 
are  included  in  the  balance  sheet    based  on 
their nature

2.2.20. Impairment of assets
In respect of all assets, the Group conducts the 
following  procedures  ensuring  accounting  for 
these assets at an amount, not exceeding their 
recoverable amount:
-  at  each  reporting  date  the  condition  of 
these assets is analyzed for impairment;
-  in  case  any  impairment  indicators  exist, 
the  amount  of  expected  recovery  of  such 
asset 
is  calculated  to  determine  the 
amount of losses from impairment, if any� 
If it is impossible to determine the amount 

of  losses  from  impairment  of  a  separate 
asset,  the  Group  determines  the  amount 
impairment  of  the  cash-
of  estimated 
generating unit, to which the asset belongs�

The amount of expected recovery is the higher 
of  two  estimates:  net  selling  price  and  “value 
in  use”  of  the  asset�  In  estimating  value  in 
use of asset, estimated future cash flows are 
discounted  to  their  current  value  using  a  pre-
tax  discount  rate  that  reflects  current  market 
estimates  of  time  value  of  money  and  risks 
related to the asset�

If  according  to  estimates  the  amount  of 
expected  recovery  of  assets  (or  a  cash-
generating unit) is less than its book value, the 
book value of asset (or a cash-generating unit) 
is reduced to the amount of expected recovery� 
recognised 
from 
Losses 
as  expenses  directly 
in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income�

impairment  are 

2.2.21 Contingent liabilities and 
assets

Contingent liabilities are potential liabilities of the 
Group arising from past events the existence of 
which will be confirmed only by the occurrence 
or non-occurrence of one or more future events, 
which  are  not  under  the  complete  control  of 
the Group, or current obligations resulting from 
past events are not recognised in the financial 
statements in connection with the fact that the 
Group does not consider an outflow of resources 
embodying  economic  benefits,  and  required 
to  settle  liabilities  as  probable,  or  the  value  of 
liabilities can not be reliably determined�

The  Group  does  not  recognise  contingent 
liabilities in the financial statements. The Group 
discloses information about contingent liabilities 
in the notes to the financial statements except 
when  the  probability  of  outflow  of  resources 
required to settle the obligation, is remote�

57

Contingent  assets  are  not  recognised 
in 
the  consolidated  financial  statements,  but 
disclosed in the Notes where there is a sufficient 
probability of future economic benefits.

Provisions are recognized when the Group has 
a present obligation (legal or constructive) as 
a result of a past event, it is probable that an 
outflow  of  resources  embodying  economic 
benefits will be required to settle the obligation 
and  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the 
amount of the obligation

2.2.22. Related parties
A related party is a person or an entity that is 
related to the reporting entity:

A  person  or  a  close  member  of  that  person’s 
family  is  related  to  a  reporting  entity  if  that 
person has control, joint control, or significant 
influence over the entity or is a member of its 
key management personnel�

An  entity  is  related  to  a  reporting  entity  if, 
among  other  circumstances,  it  is  a  parent, 
subsidiary, fellow subsidiary, associate, or joint 
venture of the reporting entity, or it is controlled, 
jointly controlled, or significantly influenced or 
managed by a person who is a related party� 

While  considering  any  relationship  which  can 
be  defined  as  a  related  party  transaction,  the 
Group takes into consideration the substance 
of the transaction not just its legal form�

The  Group  classifies  the  related  parties 
according  to  existing  criteria  in  the  following 
categories:
a)  companies  that  directly  or 

indirectly, 
intermediaries, 
through  one  or  more 
exercise  control  over 
the  Group,  are 
controlled  by  it,  or  together  with  it  are 
under  common  control  (this 
includes 
holding companies, subsidiaries and fellow 
subsidiaries of the parent company);

b)  associates  are  companies  whose 
activities  are  significantly  influenced  by 
the Group, but are neither subsidiaries, nor 
joint ventures of the investor;

c)  individuals,  directly  or  indirectly  holding 
ordinary shares that give them a possibility to 
significantly influence the Group's activities;
d)  key  management  personnel  are  persons 
having  authority  and  responsibility  for 
planning,  managing  and  controlling  the 
activities of the Group, including directors 
and  senior  officials  (as  well  as  the  non-
executive  director  and  close  relatives  of 
these individuals); and

e)    companies,  large  blocks  of  shares  with 
voting  rights  of  which  are  owned  directly 
or  indirectly  by  any  person  described  in 
paragraphs (c) or (d), or a person influenced 
significantly by such persons� This includes 
enterprises  owned  by  directors  or  major 
shareholders of the Group, and companies 
which  have  a  common  key  management 
member with the Group;

f)  the  entity,  or  any  member  of  a  group  of 
which it is a part, provides key management 
personnel  services  to  the  reporting  entity 
or to the parent of the reporting entity

2.2.23. Fair value measurement
Fair  value  is  the  price  that  would  be  received 
to  sell  an  asset  or  paid  to  transfer  a  liability 
in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market 
participants  at  the  measurement  date�  The 
is  based  on  the 
fair  value  measurement 
presumption  that  the  transaction  to  sell  the 
asset or transfer the liability takes place either 
in the principal market for the asset or liability, 
or in the absence of a principal market, in the 
most  advantageous  market  for  the  asset  or 
liability� The principal or the most advantageous 
market must be accessible to the Group�

A  fair  value  measurement  of  a  non-financial 
asset takes into account a market participant’s 

58

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

ability to generate economic benefits by using 
the  asset  in  its  highest  and  best  use  or  by 
selling  it  to  another  market  participant  that 
would use the asset in its highest and best use�

All  assets  and  liabilities  for  which  fair  value 
is  measured  or  disclosed  in  the  financial 
statements  are  categorised  within  the  fair 
value hierarchy, described as follows, based on 
the lowest level input that is significant to the 
fair value measurement as a whole:
•  Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) market prices 
in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  or 
liabilities�

•  Level  2:  Valuation  techniques  for  which 
the lowest level input that is significant to 
the  fair  value  measurement  is  directly  or 
indirectly observable�

•  Level 3: Valuation techniques for which the 
lowest level input that is significant to the 
fair value measurement is unobservable�

recognised 

2.2.24. Dividends
Equity  dividends  are 
the 
consolidated  financial  statements  when  they 
become legally payable� Interim dividends are 
recognised when they are paid� In the case of 
final  dividends,  this  is  when  approved  by  the 
shareholders at the annual general meeting�

in 

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING 
JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND 
ASSUMPTIONS
The  preparation  of  the  Group's  consolidated 
financial statements requires management to 
make judgments, estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, 
liabilities,  and  the 
expenses,  assets  and 
disclosure  of  contingent  liabilities,  at  the  end 
of  the  reporting  period�  However,  uncertainty 
about these assumptions and estimates could 
result  in  outcomes  that  require  a  material 
adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset 
or liability affected in future periods�

In  the  process  of  applying  the  Group's 
accounting  policies,  management  has  made 
the following judgments, which have the most 
significant  effect  on  the  amounts  recognised 
in the financial statements:

Estimates of fair value of property, 
(a) 
plant and equipment based on revaluation

is 

required,  periodically  as 
The  Group 
determined  by  the  directors,  to  conduct 
revaluations  of 
its  property,  plant  and 
equipment� Such revaluations are conducted by 
independent valuers who employ the valuation 
methods 
in  accordance  with  International 
Valuation  Standards  such  as  cost  approach, 
comparative  (market)  approach  and  revenue 
(income) approach�

Useful lives of intangible assets and 

(b) 
property, plant and equipment

Intangible  assets  and  property,  plant  and 
equipment  are  amortised  or  depreciated  over 
their  useful  lives�  Useful  lives  are  based  on 
the  management’s  estimates  of  the  period 
that  the  assets  will  generate  revenue,  which 
are  periodically 
for  continued 
reviewed 
appropriateness� Due to the long life of certain 
assets,  changes  to  the  estimates  used  can 
result  in  significant  variations  in  the  carrying 
value�  Further  information  is  contained  in 
Notes 14 and 15�

(c) 

Inventory

The Group reviews the net realisable value of, 
and  demand  for,  its  inventory  on  a  quarterly 
basis  to  ensure  recorded  inventory  is  stated 
at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realisable  value� 
Factors  that  could  affect  estimated  demand 
and selling prices are the timing and success 
of future technological innovations, competitor 
actions, supplier prices and economic trends� 
Further information is contained in Note 17�

59

(d) 

Legal proceedings

IFRS  the  Group  only 
In  accordance  with 
recognises a provision where there is a present 
obligation  from  a  past  event,  a  transfer  of 
economic  benefits  is  probable  and  the  amount 
of costs of the transfer can be estimated reliably� 
In  instances  where  the  criteria  are  not  met,  a 
contingent liability may be disclosed in the notes 
to  the  financial  statements.  Realisation  of  any 
contingent liabilities not currently recognised or 
disclosed in the financial statements could have 
a material effect on the Group’s financial position. 
Application of these accounting principles to legal 
cases requires the Group’s management to make 
determinations  about  various  factual  and  legal 
matters  beyond  its  control�  The  Group  reviews 
outstanding legal cases following developments 
in  the  legal  proceedings  and  at  each  reporting 
date, in order to assess the need for provisions 
in  its  financial  statements.  Among  the  factors 
considered  in  making  decisions  on  provisions 
are the nature of litigation, claim or assessment, 
the legal process and potential level of damages 
in the jurisdiction in which the litigation, claim or 
assessment  has  been  brought,  the  progress  of 
the  case  (including  the  progress  after  the  date 
of  the  financial  statements  but  before  those 
statements  are  issued),  the  opinions  or  views 
of  legal  advisers,  experience  on  similar  cases 
and any decision of the Group’s management as 
to  how  it  will  respond  to  the  litigation,  claim  or 
assessment�

(e) 

Income taxes

The  Group  is  subject  to  income  tax  in  several 
jurisdictions and significant judgment is required 
in  determining  the  provision  for  income  taxes� 
During the ordinary course of business, there are 
many  transactions  and  calculations  for  which 
the ultimate tax determination is uncertain� As a 
result, the Group recognises tax liabilities based on 
estimates of whether additional taxes and interest 
will  be  due�  These  tax  liabilities  are  recognised 

when, despite the Group’s belief that its tax return 
positions are supportable, the Group believes that 
certain  positions  are  likely  to  be  challenged  and 
may  not  be  fully  sustained  upon  review  by  tax 
authorities�  The  Group  believes  that  its  accruals 
for  tax  liabilities  are  adequate  for  all  open  audit 
years based on its assessment of many factors 
including  past  experience  and  interpretations  of 
tax law� This assessment relies on estimates and 
assumptions and may involve a series of complex 
judgments about future events� To the extent that 
the final tax outcome of these matters is different 
than the amounts recorded, such differences will 
impact income tax expense in the period in which 
such determination is made� Further information 
is contained in Notes 13 and 16�

(f) 

Quality claims

The Group supplies consumers and industrial 
customers  in  Ukraine  with  dairy  products 
manufactured  in  accordance  with  the  current 
laws,  food  safety  standards  and  technical 
requirements  of 
relevant  Ukrainian 
the 
authorities�  The  Group  voluntarily  applies 
non-domestic  standards  –  ISO  and  HASSP 
–  to  some  of  the  Group’s  operations�  For  the 
industrial  customers  both  domestically  and 
outside  of  Ukraine,  the  food  products  are 
manufactured  to  the  technical  specifications 
agreed with the buyers in advance of the sale� 

In  instances  where  the  quality  criteria  and/
or  technical  specifications  are  not  met  or  the 
delivery of products are made close to expiry date, 
a quality claim may arise and the corresponding 
contingent liability may be disclosed in the notes 
to the financial statements.

Realisation of any such contingent liabilities not 
currently recognised or disclosed in the financial 
statements could have a material effect on the 
Group’s  financial  position.  Application  of  these 
accounting  principles  to  quality  claims  requires 
the Group’s management to make determinations 

60

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

about  the  future  matters  that  may,  at  the  time 
of  determination,  be  beyond  management’s 
control� Among the factors considered in making 
decisions  on  quality  claims  provisions  are:  the 
nature of the claim, the quantifiable variances in 
quality  giving  rise  to  a  claim,  the  potential  loss 
from satisfying the claim and any decision of the 
Group’s management as to how it will respond to 
the claim�

(g) 

Transfer pricing

The transfer pricing methods, established by the 
Tax  Code  of  Ukraine,  are  in  line  with  the  OECD 
Guidelines�  The  Group  exports  dairy  products 
and  skimmed  milk  powder  and  performs 
intercompany transactions, which is in the scope 
of  the  Ukrainian TP  regulations� The  Group  has 
submitted  the  controlled  transaction  report  for 
the  year  ended  31  December  2020  within  the 
required  deadline,  and  at  present  the  Group  is 
preparing all necessary documentation controlled 
transactions  for  the  year  ended  31  December 
2021  as  required  by  legislation�  Management 
believes that the Group has been in compliance 
with all requirements of effective tax legislation�

(h) Impairment of non-financial assets 

Management  assesses  whether  there  are 
any indicators of possible impairment of non-
financial assets at each reporting date. If any 
events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate 
that the current value of the assets may not be 
recoverable  or  the  assets,  goods  or  services 
relating  to  a  prepayment  will  not  be  received, 
the  Group  estimates  the  recoverable  amount 
of  assets�  If  there  is  objective  evidence  that 
the  Group  is  not  able  to  collect  all  amounts 
due  to  the  original  terms  of  the  agreement, 
the  corresponding  amount  of  the  asset  is 
reduced directly by the impairment loss in the 
consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income� Subsequent and unforeseen changes 
in assumptions and estimates used in testing 

for impairment may lead to the result different 
from  the  one  presented  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements.

(i) Fair value of financial instruments 

uses 

The fair value of financial assets and liabilities 
is  determined  by  applying  various  valuation 
methodologies�  Management 
its 
judgment  to  make  assumptions  based  on 
market  conditions  existing  at  each  balance 
sheet  date.  Where  the  fair  values  of  financial 
assets  and  financial  liabilities  recorded  in  the 
consolidated  statement  of  financial  position 
cannot  be  derived  from  active  markets,  they 
are  determined  using  valuation  techniques 
including the discounted cash flows model.

(j) Fair value measurement 

Fair value is the price that would be received to 
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between market participants 
at  the  measurement  date�  The  fair  value 
measurement is based on the presumption that 
the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the 
liability takes place either in the principal market 
for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a 
principal  market,  in  the  most  advantageous 
market for the asset or liability� 

The principal or the most advantageous market 
must be accessible to the Group� A fair value 
measurement  of  a  non-financial  asset  takes 
into  account  a  market  participant’s  ability 
to  generate  economic  benefits  by  using  the 
asset in its highest and best use or by selling 
it  to  another  market  participant  that  would 
use the asset in its highest and best use� All 
assets  and  liabilities  for  which  fair  value  is 
measured  or  disclosed  in  the  consolidated 
financial  statements  are  categorized  within 
the  fair  value  hierarchy  as  the  lowest  level 
input that is significant to the entire fair value 
measurement�

61

4. ADOPTION OF NEW AND 
REVISED IFRS
Application of new standards

In general, the accounting policy is consistent 
with  those  applied  in  the  prior  reporting  year� 
Some new standards and interpretations have 
become mandatory for adoption beginning on 
or  after  January  01,  2022�  New  and  revised 
standards and interpretations, adopted by the 
Group for the first time as at January 01, 2022, 
are provided below�

Amendments to IFRS 3 "Business Combinations" 
- "Reference to the Conceptual Framework" 

These amendments replace the reference to the 
"Conceptual Framework for the Preparation and 
Presentation  of  Financial  Statements",  issued 
in 1989, with the reference to the "Conceptual 
Framework  for  Financial  Reporting",  issued 
in  March  2018,  without  making  significant 
changes to the requirements of the standard� 
These amendments did not affect the Group's 
financial statements.  

Amendments  to  IAS  16  "Property,  Plant  and 
Equipment" - "Proceeds before Intended Use"

Amendments  to  IAS  16  prohibit  entities  to 
deduct  from  the  historical  cost  of  an  item  of 
property,  plant  and  equipment  any  proceeds 
from  the  sale  of  products  manufactured 
during the delivery of such item to the location 
and  bringing  it  into  condition  required  for 
its  operation  in  a  manner  determined  by 
the  management�  Instead,  the  entity  should 
recognize  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  such 
products, as well as the cost of their production, 
in  profit  or  loss.  These  amendments  did  not 
affect the Group's financial statements.

Amendments to IAS 37 "Provisions, Contingent 
Liabilities  and  Contingent  Assets"  —  "Onerous 
Contracts — Cost of Fulfilling a Contract"  

Amendments  to  IAS  37  clarify  which  costs 
an  entity  should  consider  when  assessing 
whether a contract is onerous or unprofitable. 
According  to  the  amendments,  costs  directly 
related  to  the  contract  for  the  provision  of 
goods or services should be taken into account, 
which  include  both  additional  costs  for  the 
performance  of  this  contract  and  allocated 
costs  directly  related  to  the  performance 
of  the  contract�  General  and  administrative 
expenses  not  directly  related  to  the  contract 
are  excluded,  except  when  they  are  clearly 
subject to reimbursement by the counterparty 
under the contract� These amendments did not 
affect the Group's financial statements.

"Annual Improvements to IFRS" (2018-2020 
cycle)  

Amendments to IFRS 1 "First-time Adoption of 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards"  - 
"Subsidiary as a First-time Adopter"

According to these amendments, subsidiaries, 
associates  and  joint  ventures  have  the  right 
rate 
to  measure  accumulated  exchange 
differences using the amounts reflected in the 
parent company's financial statements, based 
on the date of the parent company's transition 
to IFRS� These amendments did not affect the 
Group's financial statements.

Amendments to IFRS 9 "Financial Instruments" - 
"Fees in the ‘10 per cent’ Test for Derecognition 
of Financial Liabilities"

These  amendments  clarify  what  amounts 
of  fees  an  entity  takes  into  account  when 
assessing  whether  the  terms  of  a  new  or 
modified  financial  liability  differ  significantly 
from  the  terms  of  the  initial  financial  liability. 
include  only  fees  paid  or 
Such  amounts 
received  between  the  borrower  (the  reporting 
entity)  and  the  lender,  including  fees  paid  or 
received  by  the  lender  or  borrower  on  behalf 

62

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

of the other party� These amendments did not 
affect the Group's financial statements.  

Amendments to IAS 41 "Agriculture" - "Taxation 
in Fair Value Measurements" 

information 

comparative 
is  required�  Early 
adoption  is  permitted,  provided  that  an  entity 
also  adopts  IFRS  9  and  IFRS  15  on  or  before 
the date of the first adoption of IFRS 17. This 
standard is not applied to the Group� 

These amendments eliminate the requirement 
to  exclude  from  the  calculation  of  cash 
flows  the  amounts  related  to  taxation  when 
measuring the fair value of assets falling within 
to the scope of IAS 41� These amendments did 
not affect the Group's financial statements.

Amendments to IFRS 16 "Leases" - "Amendment 
to Illustrative Example"

The  illustration  of  a  lessor's  reimbursement 
of  leasehold  improvements  is  removed  from 
the Illustrative Example 13, accompanying this 
standard, in order to eliminate any disagreement 
about  the  interpretation  of  lease  incentives 
that might arise due to the way how they were 
illustrated in this example� These amendments 
did not affect the Group's financial statements. 

IFRS and interpretations issued but not yet 
effective

The  Group  did  not  adopt  the  following  IFRS, 
Interpretations  to  IFRS  and  IAS,  changes  and 
amendments  to  them,  which  were  issued  but 
not  yet  effective�  The  Group  plans  to  apply 
these  changes  from  the  date  when  they 
become effective�

IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts" 

IFRS  17  is  a  new  financial  reporting  standard 
insurance  contracts  that  addresses  the 
for 
recognition  and  evaluation  issues,  presentation 
and  disclosures�  IFRS  17  will  replace  IFRS  4 
"Insurance Contracts", which was issued in 2005� 

IFRS  17  is  effective  for  reporting  periods 
beginning  on  or  after  January  01,  2023; 

Amendments to IAS 1 "Presentation of Financial 
Statements" - "Classification of current and non-
current liabilities"

These  amendments  establish  that  the  right 
of  an  entity  to  defer  repayment  of  a  liability 
for  at  least  twelve  months  after  the  reporting 
period  must  exist  at  the  end  of  the  reporting 
period and must have an economic sense� The 
classification of the liability is not affected by 
the  intention  and  expectation  of  whether  the 
entity exercises its right to defer settlement of 
the liability for at least twelve months after the 
reporting period�

for 

Amendments  are  effective 
reporting 
periods beginning on or after January 01, 2024� 
Amendments  are  adopted 
retrospectively; 
early adoption is permitted� The amendments 
may affect the classification of liabilities in the 
Group's statement of financial position. 

Amendments to IAS 1 "Presentation of Financial 
Statements" 
liabilities  with 
"Non-current 
covenants" 

- 

Following  the  issue  of  the  amendments  to 
IAS  1  regarding  the  classification  of  liabilities 
as  current  and  non-current,  the  IFRS  Board 
made  additional  amendments  to  IAS  1  in 
October  2022�  Under  these  amendments, 
only  covenants  that  an  entity  must  comply 
with at or before the reporting date, affect the 
classification of the liability as current or non-
current�  In  addition,  an  entity  must  disclose 
information in the notes that enables users of 
the financial statements to understand the risk 
that non-current liabilities with covenants may 
be repaid within twelve months�

63

concept  of  materiality  in  making  decisions 
about accounting policy disclosures�  

amendments  will  not  significantly  affect  the 
Group's financial statements.

for 

Amendments  are  effective 
reporting 
periods beginning on or after January 01, 2024� 
retrospectively; 
Amendments  are  adopted 
early adoption is permitted� The amendments 
may affect the classification of the liabilities in 
the Group's statement of financial position.

Amendments  to  IAS  8  "Accounting  policies, 
changes in accounting estimates and errors" – 
"Definition of Accounting Estimates" 

These  amendments  introduce  a  definition  of 
"accounting  estimates"�  These  amendments 
clarify  the  distinction  between  changes  in 
accounting  estimates  and  changes  in  the 
accounting policies and the correction of errors� 
Also, they clarify how entities use measurement 
techniques  and  inputs  to  develop  accounting 
estimates�  The  amendments  are  effective 
for  annual  reporting  periods  beginning  on 
or  after  January  01,  2023,  and  are  applied  to 
changes in accounting policies and changes in 
accounting estimates that occur on or after the 
beginning of the abovementioned period� Early 
adoption is permitted if this fact is disclosed� 
It  is  expected  that  these  amendments  will 
not  significantly  affect  the  Group's  financial 
statements�

Amendments to IAS 1 "Presentation of Financial 
Statements"  and  IFRS  Practice  Statement  2  – 
"Disclosure of Accounting Policies" 

In February 2021, the IASB issued amendments 
to  IAS  1  and  IFRS  Practice  Statement  2 
"Making  Materiality  Judgements",  which 
provide  guidance  and  examples,  which  assist 
entities  in  applying  materiality  judgements 
to  accounting  policy  disclosures�  The 
amendments aim to assist entities in providing 
accounting  policy  disclosures  that  are  more 
useful by replacing the requirement for entities 
to  disclose 
"significant"  accounting 
policies  with  a  requirement  to  disclose  their 
"material"  accounting  policies  and  adding 
guidance  on  how  entities  should  apply  the 

their 

Amendments to IAS 1 are applicable for annual 
reporting periods beginning on or after January 
01,  2023,  with  early  adoption  permitted�  It 
is  expected  that  these  amendments  will 
not  significantly  affect  the  Group's  financial 
statements�

Amendments  to  IAS  12  "Income  Taxes"  - 
"Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities 
Arising from a Single Transaction" 

taxable 

These amendments clarify that the exemption 
from  initial  recognition  specified  in  the  Art. 
15  and  24  of  the  standard  is  not  applied 
in  which  equal  amounts 
to  transactions 
of 
temporary 
and 
deductible 
differences  arise  on  initial  recognition  (e�g�, 
leases,  decommissioning  obligations)�  The 
amendments to IAS 12 are effective for annual 
reporting periods beginning on or after January 
01,  2023,  with  early  adoption  permitted�  It 
is  expected  that  these  amendments  will 
not  significantly  affect  the  Group's  financial 
statements� 

Amendments  to  IFRS  16  "Leases"  -  "Lease 
liability in a sale and leaseback transactions" 

the 

IFRS 

In  June  2020, 
Interpretations 
Committee adopted a decision on the agenda 
- "Sale and leaseback with variable payments"� 
This  issue  was  submitted  to  the  IFRS  Board, 
which  issued  amendments  to  IFRS  16  in 
September  2022�  These  amendments  require 
the seller-lessee to define "lease payments" or 
"revised lease payments" in such a way that the 
seller-lessee does not recognize any amount of 
profit or loss related to the right-to-use retained 
by the seller-lessee�  

Amendments are effective for reporting periods 
beginning  on  or  after  January  01,  2024�  Early 
adoption is permitted� It is expected that these 

64

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

5. FINANCIAL RISK 
MANAGEMENT

The principal risks facing the Group’s business 
are  credit  risk,  liquidity  risk  and  market  risk, 
including  fair  value  or  cash  flow  interest-
rate  risk  and  foreign  exchange  risk� The  main 
purpose  of  the  Group's  risk  management 
programme is to evaluate, monitor and manage 
these risks and to minimise potential adverse 
effects  on  the  Group's  financial  performance 
and shareholders. The Chief Executive  Officer 
of the Group is in charge of risk management 
and introduction of all policies as approved by 
the Board of Directors�

(a) Principal financial instruments

The principal financial instruments used by the 
Group,  from  which  financial  instrument  risk 
arises, are as follows:
-  trade and other receivables;
-  other financial assets;
-  cash and cash equivalents;
-  bank loans;
-  trade and other payables;
-  short-term payables�
The  principal  financial  instruments  are  as 
follows:

Year ended
31 December 2022
£ ‘000

Year ended
31 December 2021
£ ‘000

Financial assets
Financial assets at amortised cost
 - trade and other receivables (excluding non-financial assets)
 - cash and cash equivalents
 - other financial assets

Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities at amortised cost:
 - short-term payables
 - current bank loans
 - trade and other payables (excluding non-financial liabilities)
 - interest payable

2 625
403
35
3 063

493
6 116
4 036
383
11 028

6 264
312
40
6 616

587
6 039
8 967
193
15 786

65

(b) General objectives, policies and 
processes

The  Group's  overall 
risk  management 
programme  recognises  the  unpredictability 
of  financial  markets  and  seeks  to  minimise 
potential  adverse  effects  on  the  Group’s 
financial  performance.  Risk  management  is 
carried out by the Group Chief Executive Officer 
(CEO)  under  policies  approved  by  the  Board 
of  Directors  (the  “Board”)�  The  Group  CEO 
identifies and evaluates financial risks in close 
co-operation with the Group’s operating units�

broad 

provides 

The  Board 
guidance 
and  operating  principles  for  overall  risk 
management,  as  well  as  written  policies 
covering  specific  areas,  such  as  foreign 
exchange risk, interest-rate risk, credit risk, and 
investing excess liquidity�

for 

them, 

responsibility 

The  Board  has  overall  responsibility  for  the 
determination of the Group’s risk management 
objectives  and  policies  and,  whilst  retaining 
ultimate 
it  has 
delegated  the  authority  for  designing  and 
operating  processes  that  ensure  the  effective 
implementation of the objectives and policies 
to  the  Group’s  finance  function.  The  overall 
objective  of  the  Board  is  to  set  polices  that 
seek to reduce risk as far as possible without 
unduly  affecting  the  Group’s  competitiveness 
and  flexibility.  Further  details  regarding  these 
policies are laid out below�

(c) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not be 
able to meet its obligations in full when due� The 
Ukrproduct Group is mainly exposed to credit risk 
from  credit  sales  to  customers  in  Ukraine�  The 
Group manages its credit risk through the Group’s 
risk  assessment  policy  by  evaluating  each  new 
customer  before  signing  a  contract  using  the 
following criteria: trading history and the strength 

66

of  own  balance  sheet�  The  Group  attempts  to 
reduce credit risk by conducting periodic reviews 
which includes obtaining external ratings and in 
certain cases bank references�

implemented 

According  to  the  Group’s  risk  assessment 
policy, 
locally,  every  new 
customer 
is  appraised  before  entering 
contracts;  trading  history  and  the  strength 
of  their  own  balance  sheet  being  the  main 
indicators  of  creditworthiness�  While  starting 
the  commercial  relationship  with  the  Group, 
a  new  customer  is  offered  the  terms  that  are 
substantially tighter than those for the existing 
customers  and  stipulate,  as  a  rule,  the  cash-
on-delivery  payments  terms  and  no-returns 
policy  (quality-related  claims  exempted)�  If 
the  relationship  progresses  successfully,  the 
terms  are  gradually  relaxed  to  fall  in  line  with 
the  Group’s  normal  business  practices  and 
local specifics as required by the market.

The  Group’s  periodic  review  includes  external 
ratings, when available, and in some cases bank 
references� Purchase limits are established for 
each customer, which represents the maximum 
open  amount without requiring approval from 
the  CEO�  These  limits  are  reviewed  quarterly� 
Customers  that  fail  to  meet  the  Group’s 
benchmark  creditworthiness  may  transact 
with the Group on a prepayment basis only�

Quantitative  disclosures  of  the  credit  risk 
exposure 
in  relation  to  trade  and  other 
receivables,  which  are  neither  past  due  nor 
impaired,  are  made  in  Note  18�  The  Group 
does not rate trade receivables by category or 
recoverability, as the Group’s historical default 
rates have been negligible in the past (less than 
5%); essentially all trade receivables due to the 
Group had been recovered�

In the future, the default rate on trade receivables 
overdue 
is  expected  to  remain  stable  or 
even  fall  because  in  Ukraine  the  Group  deals 

increasingly  with  the  modern-format  retailers 
whose  creditworthiness  is  conducive  to  the 
payment discipline required by the Group�

Maximum  exposure  to  the  trade  and  other 
receivables  component  of  credit  risk  at  the 
reporting  date  is  the  fair  value  of  trade  and 
other receivables� There is no collateral held as 
security or other credit enhancements�

The  Group’s  credit  controllers  monitor  the 
utilisation of  the  credit  limits  on  a  daily  basis 
by  customer  and  apply  the  delivery  stop 
orders  immediately  if  the  individual  limits  are 
exceeded� The Group’s procedure for recovery 
of the trade receivables past due includes the 
following steps:

claim for the amount overdue and the visit 
of  the  representative  of  the  commercial 
credit control department to the customer 
premises- 2 weeks thereafter;

-  filing  a  claim  to  the  commercial  court  for 
repayment of the amount overdue and late 
payment fees - 2 weeks thereafter;

- obtaining a court order for repayment of the 
amount due and collaboration with bailiff - 
2 weeks thereafter�

Credit  risk  also  arises  from  cash  and  cash 
equivalents  and  deposits  with  banks  and 
financial  institutions.  The  Group  reviews  the 
banks and financial institutions it deals with to 
ensure that standards of credit worthiness are 
maintained�

-  identification  of  the  date  and  exact  amount 
of  the  receivable  past  due,  termination  of 
all  further  deliveries  and  forwarding  to  the 
customer of the details of the amount due and 
the notice of the failure to pay - 3 days after the 
past due date;
-  delivery  to  the  customer  of  the  formal 

Maximum  exposure  to  the  cash  and  cash 
equivalents  and  deposits  with  banks  and 
financial 
institutions  component  of  credit 
risk  at  the  reporting  date  is  the  fair  value  of 
the  cash  balances  due  from  such  banks  and 
financial institutions. There is no collateral held 
as security or other credit enhancements�

Cash at bank and short term deposits are kept on the accounts in the following banks:

Bank

Year ended

Year ended

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 

31 December 

31 December 

31 December 

JSC OTP Bank

PJSC Raiffeisen Bank Aval

CreditWest

Other

2022

Rating

uaAAA

uaAAA

uaAAA

Caa3

2021

Rating

uaAAA

uaAAA

uaAAA

Caa3

2022

£ ‘000

7

28

278

90

403

2021

£ ‘000

8

53

146

105

312

The  Group  does  not  enter  into  derivatives  to 
manage credit risk, although in certain isolated 
cases may take steps to mitigate such risks if 
it is sufficiently concentrated.

The Group is also exposed to a credit risk with 
regard to loans issued to third parties, related 
parties and employees� This risk is considered 
to  be  low  and  is  managed  according  to  the 
Group’s risk assessment policy�

67

 
 
The Group’s exposure to credit risk, where the carrying value of financial assets is unsecured, is 
as shown below:

Year ended

Year ended

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

Carrying Value

Maximum exposure 

Carrying Value

Maximum exposure 

(unsecured)

(unsecured)

Cash and cash 

equivalents

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Other financial assets

(d) Liquidity risk

403

2 273

352

35

3 063

Liquidity  risk  is  a  function  of  the  possible 
difficulty to be encountered in raising funds to 
meet financial obligations. The Group’s policy 
is  to  ensure  that  it  will  always  have  sufficient 
cash  to  enable  it  to  meet  its  obligations  as 
they  fall  due  by  maintaining  the  minimum 
cash balances and agreed overdraft facilities� 
The  Group  also  seeks  to  reduce  liquidity  risk 
by  fixing  interest  rates  and  hence  cash  flows 
on substantially all of its borrowings� Detailed 
information is contained in Notes 2�1 (b), 4�

The  Group’s  operating  divisions  (plants)  have 
different  liquidity  requirement  profiles.  As  the 
Group’s  products  have  short-cycled  and  long-
cycled  production,  the  liquidity  risk  of  each 
plant  is  monitored  and  managed  centrally  by 
the  Group  Treasury  function�  Each  plant  has 
a  cash  facility  based  on  cash  budgets  with 
the Group Treasury� The cash budgets are set 
locally and agreed by the CEO in advance�

The CEO (and the Board, if requested) receives 
rolling  quarterly  cash  flow  projections  on  a 
monthly  basis  as  well  as  information  regarding 
the daily cash balances at each plant and overall� 
In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the  Group 
relies on a combination of the available overdraft 
facilities and cash balances to fund the on-going 
liquidity needs� Capital expenditures are usually 

403

2 273

352

35

3 063

312

5 894

370

40

6 616

312

5 894

370

40

6 616

funded through longer-term bank loans� In case of 
the inadequate cash balances and the overdraft 
facilities close to the agreed ceilings, the Group 
is  expected  to  revert  to  the  emergency  funding 
made available through temporary freeze to the 
current  portion  of  capital  spending,  immediate 
operating  cost  reductions,  postponement  of 
payments to the third parties, and expansion of 
the overdraft ceilings� Although undesirable and 
never  occurring  in  the  past,  such  emergency 
funding  is  the  last  resort  on  which  the  Group 
may  have  to  draw  while  ensuring  the  ongoing 
continuity of the business�

(е) Market risk

Market risk may arise from the Group’s use of 
interest bearing, tradable and foreign currency 
financial  instruments.  Market  risk  comprises 
fair  value  interest  rate  risk,  foreign  exchange 
risk  and  commodity  price  risk  and  is  further 
assessed below:

(i) Interest-rate risk
interest-rate  risk  arises  only 
The  Group’s 
from  short-term  credits,  and  is  considered 
to  be  insignificant.  The  Group  analyses  the 
interest rate exposure on a year basis� Detailed 
information is contained in Note 24�

A  sensitivity  analysis 
is  performed  by 
applying  various  interest  rate  scenarios  to 

68

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

the  borrowings�  A  change  of  interest  rate  by 
1  percentage  points  (being  the  maximum 
reasonably  possible  expectation  of  changes 
in  interest  rates)  would  cause  a  decrease  in 
interest  expense  by  GBP  61  160  (decrease 
2021: -1%-GBP 60 390)�

(ii) Foreign exchange risk
Regardless of the increase of sales in Ukraine, 
the Group's management believes that currency 
risk is rather high� This risk can be expressed 
in  the  growth  of  currencies  of  dependent  raw 
materials (vegetable fats), packaging materials, 
energy  resources  and  fuel�  The  Group  does 
its best to minimise this risk by replacing raw 
materials and other components� An increase 
in  export  sales  is  another  step  taken  to  deal 
with  exchange  risks�  All  sales  are  made  in  a 
stable currency�

Purchase  of  raw  milk,  main  semi-processed 
products  and  other  components  of 
the 
cost  price  are  produced  in  Ukraine  and  are 
represented in hryvnia� All Group’s outstanding 
balances of the trade accounts payable are in 
UAH� Currency analysis is provided in Note 29�

therefore 

The  Group  has  a  long-term  loan  from  EBRD, 
the 
in  euro,  and 
denominated 
weakening of the hryvnia can have a significant 
impact  on  financial  results  of  the  Group  in 
future periods� The sensitivity analysis shows 
that  UAH  depreciation  against  EUR  by  3% 
would cause an exchange rate loss of GBP 195 
thousand (2021 by 3%: GBP 174 thousand)�

(iii) Commodity price risk
Ukrproduct’s    principal  raw  material  needs 
consist primarily of: 
- 

  materials  needed  to  produce  dairy 
products  and  beverage  products,  mainly 
raw  milk,  sugar,  palm  oil,  corn  starch 
etc�    Changes  in  market  prices  for  these 
raw  materials  can  adversely  influence  on 
Group’s financial results� In terms of value, 

milk  is  the  main  raw  material  purchased 
from  local  producers  or  dairy  farms�  Its 
price is set locally, over contractual periods 
that vary from one region to another� Other 
materials  are  purchased  through  tenders 
or on stocks�  

- packaging materials such as foil corrugated 
packaging� Prices are influenced by supply 
and  demand  at  the  global  and  regional 
levels, economic cycles�  

- energy supplies� 

(f) Operational risk

Operational risk is a risk arising from systems 
failure,  human  error,  fraud  or  external  events� 
When  controls  fail  to  work,  this  could  have 
legal consequences or lead to financial losses. 
The  Group  cannot  expect  that  all  operational 
risks have been eliminated, but with the help of 
control system and by monitoring the reaction 
to  potential  risks,  the  Group  may  manage 
such  risks�  The  control  system  provides  an 
effective  separation  of  duties,  access  rights, 
approval  and  verification,  personnel  training, 
and valuation procedures�

6. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 
POLICIES

The Group’s definition of the capital is ordinary 
share  capital,  share  premium,  accumulated 
retained  earnings  and  other  equity  reserves� 
The Directors view their role as that of corporate 
guardians  responsible  for  preservation  and 
growth of the capital, as well as for generation 
of the adequate returns to shareholders�

The Group’s  objectives when maintaining and 
growing capital are:
-  to safeguard the Group's ability to continue 
as a going concern, so that it can continue 
to  provide  returns  for  shareholders  and 
benefits for other stakeholders;

-  to  identify  the  appropriate  mix  of  debt, 

69

 
equity  and  partner  sharing  opportunities 
in  order  to  balance  the  highest  returns 
to  shareholders  overall  with  the  most 
advantageous timing of investment flows;

net  debt  to  shareholder  equity�  Net  debt  is 
calculated  as  total  debt  (as  shown  in  the 
statement of financial position) less cash and 
cash equivalents�

-  to  provide  an  adequate 

to 
shareholders  by  delivering  the  products 
in  demand  by  the  customers  at  prices 
commensurate  with  the  level  of  risk  and 
expectations of shareholders�

return 

The Group sets the amount of capital it requires 
in  proportion  to  risk�  The  Group  manages  its 
capital structure and makes adjustments to it 
in the light of changes in economic conditions 
and  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  current 
trading environment� The Group’s core assets 
consist  predominantly  of  the  property,  plant 
and  equipment  –  the  resources  that  have 
proven their ability to withstand the competitive 
erosion and inflationary pressure.

In  order  to  maintain  or  adjust  the  capital 
structure,  the  Group  may  issue  new  shares, 
adjust  the  amount  of  dividends  paid  to 
shareholders,  repay  the  debt,  return  capital 
to  shareholders  or  sell  assets  to  improve 
the  cash  position.  Historically,  the  first  three 
methods were used to achieve and support the 
desired capital structure� The Group monitors 
capital  on  the  basis  of  the  net  debt  to  equity 
ratio  (D/E  ratio)�  This  ratio  is  calculated  as 

Traditionally, the Group’s conservative strategy 
was  to  maintain  the  D/E  ratio  at  0�6  (60%) 
maximum�  The  Directors  believe  that  for  the 
Group, as an operating company and a public 
entity,  the  maintenance  of  the  prudent  debt 
policy is crucial in preserving the capital of the 
business�

As at 31 December 2022, the D/E ratio consists 
of  approximately  0�48  improved  compared  to                        
31  December  2021  by  1�06  bp�  In  2022  the 
management implemented long-term strategy 
to decrease D/E ratio down to 0�6 (60%)� 

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 

31 December 

Total debt

Less: Cash and 

cash equivalents

Net debt

Total equity

D/E ratio

2022

£ ‘000

2 625

(403)

2 222

4 594

48.3%

2021

£ ‘000

6 626

(312)

6 314

5 947

106.1%

70

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

7. SEGMENT INFORMATION

At 31 December 2022, the Group was organised 
internally into five main business segments:

1) 

 Branded products – processed cheese, 
hard cheese, packaged butter and spreads

2) 
3) 

4) 

 Beverages – kvass, other beverages
  Non-branded  products  –  skimmed 
milk powder, other skimmed milk products
  Distribution  services  and  other  –
resale of third-party goods and processing 
services

5) 

 Supplementary products – grain crops

The segment results for the year ended 31 December 2022 as reported to the Board are as follows:

Branded 
products

Beverages

£ ‘000
 31 571   
 5 788   
(862)   

£ ‘000
 1 095   
 444   
(38)   

Non-
branded 
products
£ ‘000
 2 727   
(262)   
(94)   

Distribution 
services and 
other
£ ‘000
 3 144   
 584   
(108)   

Supplementary 
products

Un-
allocated

Total

£ ‘000
 574   
 2   
 -     

£ ‘000
 -     
 -     
(240)   

£ ‘000
 39 111   
 6 556   
(1 342)   

(2 145)   

(76)   

(190)   

(219)   

 -     

(89)   

(2 719)   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

(1 571)   

(1 571)   

 2 781   

 330   

(546)   

 257   

 2   

(1 900)   

 924   

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

(466)   

(466)   

(1 113)   

(1 113)   

 2 781   

 330   

(546)   

 257   

 2   

(3 479)   

(655)   

 -     
 2 781   
 13 085   
 -     

 -     
 330   
 454   
 -     

 -     
(546)   
 1 130   
 -     

 -     
 257   
 -     
 -     

 -     
 2   
 -     
 -     

(149)   
(3 628)   
 -     
 2 326   

(149)   
(804)   
 14 669   
 2 326   

 13 085   

 454   

 1 130   

 -     

 -     

 2 326   

 16 995   

 3 645   
 -     

 -     

 -     
 -     

 -     

 -     
 -     

 -     

 311   
 -     

 -     

 3 645   

 -     

 -     

 311   

 471   

 18   

 393   

 -     

 -     
 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     
 7 915   

 3 956   
 7 915   

 530   

 530   

 8 445   

 12 401   

 -     

 882   

Sales
Gross profit
Administrative 
expenses
Selling and 
distribution 
expenses
Other operating 
expenses 
Profit from 
operations
Finance expenses, 
net
Loss from exchange 
differences
Loss before 
taxation
Taxation
Loss for the year
Segment assets
Unallocated 
corporate assets
Consolidated total 
assets
Segment liabilities
Unallocated 
corporate liabilities
Unallocated 
deferred tax
Consolidated total 
liabilities
Depreciation and 
amortisation

The unallocated corporate liabilities represent bank loans, overdrafts and accruals�

71

 
The segment results for the year ended 31 December 2021 as reported to the Board are as follows:

Secondary reporting format - geographical segments:

Branded 

Beverages

Non-

Distribution 

Supplementary 

Un-

Total

Sales by country 

Year ended 31 December 

Sales by country 

Year ended 31 December 

products

branded 

services 

products

allocated

(consignees)

products

and other

Sales

Gross profit

Administrative expenses

£ ‘000

37 152

4 104

(983)

Selling and distribution 

(2 420)

expenses

Other operating expenses 

Profit from operations

Finance expenses, net

Loss from exchange 

differences

Profit before taxation

Taxation

Profit for the year

Segment assets

-

701

-

-

701

-

701

19 198

Unallocated corporate 

-

assets

£ ‘000

1 756

792

(147)

(618)

-

27

-

-

27

-

27

913

-

£ ‘000

3 764

(720)

175

720

-

175

-

-

175

-

175

1 954

-

Consolidated total assets

19 198

913

1 954

Segment liabilities

8 348

Unallocated corporate 

liabilities

Unallocated deferred tax

-

-

Consolidated total 

8 348

liabilities

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

£ ‘000

2 240

218

(68)

(294)

-

(144)

-

-

(144)

-

(144)

-

-

-

406

-

-

406

Depreciation and 

783

176

44

-

amortization

£ ‘000

7 073

134

(42)

(50)

-

42

-

-

42

-

42

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

£ ‘000

-

-

(350)

(89)

(192)

(631)

(440)

599

(472)

110

(362)

-

1 229

£ ‘000

51 985

4 528

(1 415)

(2 751)

(192)

170

(440)

599

329

110

439

22 065

1 229

1 229

23 294

-

7 703

8 754

7 703

890

890

8 593

17 347

-

1 003

72

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Ukraine

Republic of Iraq

Azerbaijan

Moldova

Poland

The Netherlands

Singapore

Lebanon

Jordan

Georgia

Uzbekistan

Palestine

Kazakhstan

Turkey

2022

£ ‘000

29 935

4 280

1 754

1 006

736

500

309

219

75

37

32

20

-

-

(consignees)

Ukraine

Republic of Iraq

Azerbaijan

Moldova

Poland

The Netherlands

Singapore 

Lebanon

Jordan

Georgia

Uzbekistan

Palestine

Kazakhstan

Turkey

2021

£ ‘000

41 805

4 811

1 981

775

231

990

376

233

-

125

83

-

161

99

315

51 985

Other countries

Total

208

39 111

Other countries

Total

The majority of the Group’s assets and liabilities are in Ukraine� Sales to the countries in Europe 
represent  sales  to  international  traders  of  milk  powders  located  in  Europe�  These  traders 
consequently  resell  the  milk  powders  to  other  countries  worldwide�  The  Group  has  no  single 
customers that exceed 10% of total sales�

8. REVENUE
For the years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, sales revenue was presented as 
follows:

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Branded (including bonuses)

Beverages (including bonuses)

Non-branded products

Distribution services (including bonuses)

Supplementary products

Gross revenue

Charges of bonuses

Total revenue (excluding bonuses)

£ ‘000

32 595

1 267

2 727

3 144

574

40 307

(1 196)

39 111

£ ‘000

38 720

2 120

3 755

2 420

7 073

54 088

(2 103)

51 985

Bonuses are compensation granted to the Group’s main customers within its distribution network�
Bonuses are accounted for based on a fixed percentage of the product sold by customers who comprise 
retail networks and distributors� Cash compensation is paid on a periodic basis during the year�

73

 
9. EXPENSES BY NATURE

10. NET FOREIGN EXCHANGE GAIN (LOSS)

For the years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, items of expenses were 
presented as follows:

For the years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, net foreign exchange gain (loss), 
consists of:

Cost of sales

Including:

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

(32 555)

£ ‘000

(47 457)

Exchange difference in trade and other receivables

Exchange difference in trade and other payables

Raw materials and consumables used, cost of goods sold, 

(29 582)

(43 482)

Exchange difference in short and long credits

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

180

(59)

(1 172)

(62)

(1 113)

£ ‘000

(2)

18

612

(29)

599

Effect of exchange rate changes and restatements on cash 

and cash equivalents

Total net foreign exchange gain (loss)

11. NET FINANCE EXPENSES

manufacture overheads etc�

Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12)

Depreciation

Administrative expenses

Including:

Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12)

PR, nominated broker, secretary, legal services etc�

Security

Lease and current repair and maintenance

Bank service

Communication

Amortization and depreciation

Audit fees

Taxes and compulsory payments

IT materials, household expenses, reading materials

Other

Selling and distribution expenses

Including:

Delivery costs

Promotion

Wages and salaries, social security costs (Note 12)

Lease and current repair and maintenance

Packaging

Amortization and depreciation

Veterinary certificates, medical examination, permits

Impairment of inventories

Other

Other operating (expenses)/income

Including:

Impairment of inventories

Impairment of trade receivables

Penalties

Profit / (loss) on disposal of non-current assets

Amortization and depreciation

Other

74

(2 434)

(539)

(1 342)

(430)

(332)

(116)

(65)

(28)

(79)

(74)

(105)

(38)

(10)

(65)

(2 719)

(1 081)

(414)

(259)

(45)

(191)

(238)

(32)

(2)

(457)

(1 571)

(119)

(1 065)

(97)

(310)

(31)

57

(3 159)

(816)

(1 415)

(436)

(260)

(121)

(77)

(74)

(97)

(77)

(61)

(39)

(14)

(159)

(2 751)

(858)

(847)

(384)

(144)

(164)

(102)

(46)

(6)

(200)

(192)

(146)

(157)

(19)

(333)

(8)

471

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

For the years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, financial (expenses) / income 
were presented as follows:

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

(471)

6

(466)

(440)

£ ‘000

(441)

1

(440)

(486)

Finance expense

Interest expense on bank loans

Interest expense on lease liabilities

Finance income

Interest income

Net finance expense recognised in the statement of 

comprehensive income

12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES

For the years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, employee benefit expenses were 
presented as follows:

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Wages and salaries (including key management personnel)

Social security costs

Total

Average number of employees

£ ‘000

(2 615)

(508)

(3 123)

836

£ ‘000

(3 282)

(697)

(3 979)

852

75

 
 
Wages and salaries of operating personnel

Wages and salaries of administrative personnel

Wages and salaries of distribution personnel

Total

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

(2 434)

(430)

(259)

(3 123)

£ ‘000

(3 159)

(436)

(384)

(3 979)

Profit before tax: 

Ukraine

Cyprus 

Other (BVI, Jersey)

Profit before tax, total 

Wages and salaries of key management personnel:

Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in 

For the year ended 31 December 2022, remuneration of the Group's key management personnel 
amounted to GBP 117�5 thousand (2021: GBP 117�5 thousand)�

Key management personnel received only short term benefits during the years ended 31 December 
2022 and 31 December 2021� The key management personnel are those persons remunerated by 
the Group who are members of the Board of Directors of the Company (Ukrproduct Group Ltd)�

13. INCOME TAX EXPENSES
For  the  years  ended  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  income  tax  expenses  were 
presented as follows:

Current tax charge – Ukraine

Current tax charge - non-Ukraine

Deferred tax relating to the origination and reversal of 

temporary differences

Total income tax expenses

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

410

-

(261)

149

£ ‘000

162

-

(272)

(110)

Differences  in  treatment  of  certain  elements  of  financial  statements  by  IFRS  and  Ukrainian 
statutory taxation regulations give rise to temporary differences� The tax effect of the movement 
on these temporary differences is recognised at the rate of 18% (2021: 18%)� 

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

481

(12)

(1 124)

(655)

87

-

87

62

-

62

149

-

(149)

18%

8%

Nil

26%

£ ‘000

1 051

(3 520)

2 798

329

(189)

-

(189)

(299)

-

(299)

(110)

-

(110)

18%

8%

Nil

26%

the relevant countries

Ukraine (2021: 18%, 2020: 18%)

Cyprus (10%)

Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to net income 

not subject to tax and expenses not deductible for tax 

purposes

Ukraine

Cyprus 

Tax charge

Ukraine

Cyprus 

The weighted average applicable tax rate

Ukraine

Cyprus 

BVI, Jersey

There  are  a  number  of  laws  related  to  various  taxes  imposed  by  both  central  and  regional 
governmental  authorities�  Although  laws  related  to  these  taxes  have  not  been  in  force  for 
significant periods, the practice of taxation and implementation of regulations are well established, 
documented  with  a  sufficient  degree  of  clarity  and  adhered  to  by  the  taxpayers.  Nevertheless, 
there remain certain risks in relation to the Ukrainian tax system: few court precedents with regard 
to tax related issues exist; different opinions regarding legal interpretation may arise both among 
and within government ministries and regulatory agencies; tax compliance practice is subject to 
review and investigation by a number of authorities with overlapping responsibilities�

Generally,  tax  declarations  remain  subject  to  inspection  for  an  indefinite  period.  In  practice, 
however,  the  risk  of  retroactive  tax  assessments  and  penalty  charges  decreases  significantly 
after  three  years� The  fact  that  a  year  has  been  reviewed  does  not  preclude  the  Ukrainian  tax 
service performing a subsequent inspection of that year�

76

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

77

 
included 

on  investment  of  Group  investors.  Specific 
segment  risks  are 
in  usage  of 
separate facts of beta-testing� Beta factors are 
estimated annually using generally accessible 
market data� The WACC used in the model for 
both CGUs is 21,5%�

Production  value  increase  –  is  derived  from 
published  consumer  price  index  for  Ukraine 
or  world  price  tendencies  for  export  product 
groups�

Increase  of  raw  material  price  –  forecast  is 
obtained  got  from  published  consumer  price 
index for Ukraine�

Predicted increase data – the data are based 
on published industry research in Ukraine and 
management estimates�

Assumption  regarding  business  segments  – 
in so far as the directors are aware, forecasts 
in relation to the growth rate of each business 
segment  are  based  on  a  comparison  with 
the  forecast  growth  rates  of  the  Group’s 
competitors�

The  growth  of  sales  of  branded  products  on 
the local market is related to the development 
of  sales  of  the  brands  “Nash  Molochnik”, 
“Arseniivskyi”  and  “Molendam”�  These  brand 
gave more than 50% of revenue� 

Industry  forecast 
is  not  used  for  kvass 
(beverage)  sales  forecasting,  as  the  Group 
produces  the  unique  product  “Zhyviy  Kvass” 
that  has  no  competitors  in  Ukraine  by  its 
nature� The model is based on management’s 
forecasts including sensitivity analysis� Brand 
development plans include:
- Extension of brand presence in distribution 

networks;

- Kvass in kegs sales increase;
-  Extension  of  beverage  product  range 

(production of white kvass);

The  given  product  is  dependent  on  weather 
conditions�

In so far as the directors are aware, the future 
cash inflow from each CGU is not expected to 
be below its acquisition cost and, therefore, no 
impairment considerations have been included 
in the valuation�

The  Group’s  management  believes  that  it  has 
adequately  provided  for  tax  liabilities  in  the 
accompanying  financial  statements;  however, 
the risk remains that those relevant authorities 
could  take  different  positions  with  regard  to 
interpretative issues�

During  the  period  under  review,  the  Ukrainian 
companies within the Group paid royalties and 
interest  charges  on  the  outstanding  credits 
to  another  Group  company  –  Solaero  Global 
Alternative  Fund  Limited  (Cyprus)�  These 
payments  were  not  taxable  in  Ukraine  due  to 
the  existing  Double  Taxation  Treaty  between 
Ukraine and Cyprus�

14. PROPERTY, PLANT AND 
EQUIPMENT

In  accordance  with  IAS  16  “Property,  Plant 
and  Equipment”,  the  Group  carries  out 
revaluations,  with  sufficient  regularity  (at 
least once every five years) to ensure that the 
carrying  amount  does  not  differ  materially 
from fair value� An independent valuation of 
the  Group's  property,  plant  and  equipment 
was  undertaken  by  Price  Consulting  LLC  as 
at 1 December 2020�  

As  at  December  31,  2022,  the  Group  tested 
property,  plant  and  equipment  and  capital 
investments for  impairment  signs,  as  a  result 
of  which  management  recognized  that  the 
cost  of  use  of  property,  plant  and  equipment 
and capital investments exceeds their carrying 
amount�  Accordingly,  for  the  years  ended 
December  31,  2022,  no  impairment  losses 
on  property,  plant  and  equipment  and  capital 
investments were recognized�  

The Group is divided into two cash-generating 
units (CGU)�

Dairy production

Dairy  productions  consists  of  production 
assets for butter, cheese, protein and skimmed 
dairy products:
- Production assets of SE Starokostyantynivski 
Dairy Plant and two other units in Zhytomir 
and Letychiv;

-  Group  vehicle  park  used  for  raw  material 

and product transportation;

- “Nash Molochnik”, “Vershkova Dolyna” and 

“Narodny product” trade marks�

Beverage production 

Beverage production combines the production 
assets of Live kvass “Arseniivsky”� It consists 
of:
-  Production  assets  of  “Zhyvyi  Kvass”  LTD 

and,

- “Arseniivsky” Trade mark�

Main assumptions used in value in use 
calculation

Value  in  use  calculation  for  production  both 
dairy  products  and  beverages  is  sensitive  to 
the following assumptions:

Gross  profit  margin  –  Gross  profit  margin  is 
based  on  2022  budget  value  and  takes  into 
consideration trends of value indexes for 2020-
2024.

Discount rate – Discount rate assumes current 
market estimates risks, specific for each CGU, 
inclusive of cash cost and individual risks and 
corresponding assets excluded from the cash 
flow  valuation.  The  discount  rate  calculation 
is  based  on  specific  Group  circumstances 
and operational segment and based on from 
Weighted  Average  Cost  of  Capital  (WACC)� 
WACC  takes  into  account  both  loan  and 
owned capital� The value of owned capital is 
calculated  on  the  basis  of  predicted  return 

78

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

79

As  at  31  December  2022  the  Group  has 
no  contractual  commitments  to  purchase 
property, plant and equipment�

Fixed assets with a net book value of GBP 2�446 
thousand  at  31  December  2021  (2021:  GBP 
2�562 thousand) were pledged as collateral for 
loans�

As at 31 December 2022 any prepayments for 
property,  plant  and  equipment  were  included 
within Assets under construction in the amount 
of GBP 7 thousand (2021: GBP 19 thousand)�

As  at  31  December  2022  fully  depreciated 
assets  have  been  included  within  property, 
plant  and  equipment  with  the  original  cost  of 
GBP 516 thousand (2021: GBP 345 thousand)�

to  provide 

impracticable 

information 
It’s 
about  the  carrying  amounts  of  all  classes  of 
assets, except office equipment, as they were 
measured using the cost model without undue 
cost and effort�

In  2020,  the  Group  made  a  revaluation  of 
fixed  assets.  An  independent  valuation  of  the 
Group's  property,  plant  and  equipment  was 
undertaken  by  Price  Consulting  LLC  as  at  01 
December 2020

14.  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, property, plant and equipment were presented 
as follows:

C
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n

A
s
s
e
t
s
u
n
d
e
r

B
u

i
l

i

d
n
g
s

L
a
n
d
a
n
d

M
a
c
h
n
e
r
y

i

l

P
a
n
t
a
n
d

V
e
h
i
c
l
e
s

i

e
q
u
p
m
e
n
t

o
t
h
e
r

t
o
o
l
s
a
n
d

I
n
s
t
r
u
m
e
n
t
s

,

T
o
t
a

l

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

10

754

(745)

-

23

42

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 750

4 858

-

120

(43)

147

-

526

(257)

178

493

-

18

(12)

-

1 038

10 149

-

81

(33)

32

754

-

(345)

380

3 974

5 305

499

1 118

10 938

27

46

(4)

161

3

233

44

109

(30)

341

9

11

44

(4)

83

8

133

63

(4)

98

5

215

262

(42)

683

25

473

142

295

1 143

42

382

(380)

-

(13)

3 974

5 305

499

1 118

10 938

-

39

(69)

(590)

-

250

(410)

(535)

-

7

-

(96)

-

84

(104)

(17)

382

-

(583)

(1 251)

31

3 354

4 610

410

1 081

9 486

-

-

-

-

-

-

31

42

10

233

73

(7)

87

(48)

338

3 016

3 741

3 723

473

172

(60)

142

(99)

628

3 982

4 832

4 814

142

61

-

73

(68)

208

202

357

482

295

199

(5)

41

1 143

505

(72)

343

(134)

(349)

396

685

823

905

1 570

7 916

9 795

9 934

Cost or valuation

At 1 January 2021

Additions 

Transfers to/from AUC

Disposals

Exchange differences on translation to 

the presentation currency

At 31 December 2021

Accumulated depreciation

At 1 January 2021

Depreciation charge

Disposals

Revaluation depreciation

Exchange differences on translation to 

the presentation currency

At 31 December 2021

Cost or valuation

At 1 January 2022

Additions 

Transfers to/from AUC

Disposals

Exchange differences on translation to 

the presentation currency

At 31 December 2022

Accumulated depreciation

At 1 January 2022

Depreciation charge

Disposals

Revaluation depreciation

Exchange differences on translation to 

the presentation currency

At 31 December 2022

Net book value at 31 December 2022

Net book value at 31 December 2021

Net book value at 31 December 2020

80

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  remaining  amortization  periods  of  the 

intangible assets are as follows:

-  Computer software 1-10 years;
-  Trademarks 11-18 years;
-  Right of use natural resources 15-20 years;

The  Group  performed  its  annual  impairment 
test  in  December  2022  and  2021�  The  Group 
considers the relationship between its market 
its  book  value,  among 
capitalisation  and 
other  factors,  when  reviewing  for  indicators 
of  impairment�  As  at  31  December  2022,  the 
market capitalisation of the Group was below 
the book value of its equity, indicating a potential 
impairment of goodwill and impairment of the 
assets of the operating segment�

Trademark “Zhyviy Kvas”

The  recoverable  amount  of  the  trademark 
“Zhyviy  Kvas”  CGU,  GBP  1  302  thousand  as 
at  31  December  2022,  has  been  determined 
based  on  a  value  in  use  calculation  using 
cash  flow  projections  from  financial  budgets 
approved  by  senior  management  covering  a 
five-year period. The projected cash flows have 
been updated to reflect the recovering demand 

15.  INTANGIBLE ASSETS

As at the reporting dates intangible assets were presented as follows:

Computer 

Rights to use natural 

Trademarks

Total

software

£ ‘000

resources

£ ‘000

Cost or valuation

At 1 January 2021

Additions

Disposals

Exchange  differences  on  translation  to  the 

presentation currency

At 31 December 2021

Accumulated amortization

At 1 January 2021

Amortization charge for the year

Disposals

Exchange  differences  on  translation  to  the 

presentation currency

At 31 December 2021

Cost or valuation

At 1 January 2022

Additions

Disposals

260

211

-

(2)

469

36

2

-

(8)

30

469

383

(21)

Exchange  differences  on  translation  to  the 

(449)

presentation currency

At 31 December 2022

Accumulated amortization

At 1 January 2022

Amortization charge for the year

Disposals

Exchange  differences  on  translation  to  the 

presentation currency

At 31 December 2022

Net book value at 31 December 2022

Net book value at 31 December 2021

Net book value at 31 December 2020

382

30

27

(21)

(6)

30

352

439

224

-

53

-

-

53

-

-

-

-

-

53

-

-

(9)

44

-

2

-

-

2

42

53

-

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

996

-

-

(154)

1 256

264

-

(156)

842

1 364

622

56

-

(153)

525

842

-

-

98

940

525

62

-

66

653

287

317

374

658

58

-

(161)

555

1 364

383

(21)

(360)

1 366

555

91

(21)

60

685

681

809

598

for  products  and  services�  The  discount  rate 
applied to cash flow projections is 20,1% (2021: 
19�3%)�  The  growth  rate  used  to  extrapolate 
the  cash  flows  of  the  unit  beyond  the  five-
year period is 0%� As a result of the analysis, 
management  did  not  identify  an  impairment 
for this CGU�

Group of the trademarks within the “Dairy 
segment”

the 

recoverable  amount  of 

The 
three 
trademarks  within  the  “Dairy  segment”  CGU, 
GBP  1  428  thousand  as  at  31  December 
2022,  is  also  determined  based  on  a  value  in 
use  calculation  using  cash  flow  projections 
from  financial  budgets  approved  by  senior 
management  covering  a  five-year  period. The 
projected  cash  flows  have  been  updated  to 
reflect  the  decreased  recovering  for  products 
and services� The pre-tax discount rate applied 
to  the  cash  flow  projections  is  20,1%  (2021: 
19�3%)�  The  growth  rate  used  to  extrapolate 
the  cash  flows  of  the  unit  beyond  the  five-
year period is 0 %� As a result of the analysis, 
management  did  not  identify  an  impairment 
for this CGU�

82

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

83

 
 
 
16.  DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

For  the  year  ended  31  December  2022,  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  were  presented  as 
follows:

As at 31 December 

As at 31 December 

Deferred tax assets at the beginning of the year

Deferred tax liability at the beginning of the year

Deferred tax liability recognised in SOCI during the year

Reduction in deferred tax due to decrease in property, plant and 

equipment            revaluation reserve because of amortization

Exchange differences on translation to the presentation currency

Deferred tax assets at the end of the year

Deferred tax liability at the end of the year

2022

£ ‘000

796

(183)

(76)

(7)

530

2021

£ ‘000

-

1 029

(122)

(150)

39

-

796

Maturity of trade receivables as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 is presented as 
follows:

Total

Neither past

Past due but not impaired

due nor impaired

<30 days

30-60 days

61-90 days 91-120 days

>120 days

2022

2021

£ ‘000

2 273

5 894

£ ‘000

1 315

4 067

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

£ ‘000

310

822

76

149

15

124

9

136

548

597

Provisions were created for both impaired trade and other receivables and expected credit losses 
on receivables which are not considered to be impaired�

17.  INVENTORIES
As at the reporting dates inventories were presented as follows:

As at

As at

Impaired trade and other receivables at the beginning of the 

year

Accrual / (Reversal)

Use of allowances

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Effect of translation to presentation currency

Finished goods

Raw materials

Work in progress

Other inventories

Total

£ ‘000

1 854

1 257

385

800

4 296

£ ‘000

2 665

749

339

902

4 655

During 2022, GBP 29,582 thousand (2021: GBP 43,512 thousand) was recognised as an expense 
in cost of sales�

18.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Impaired trade and other receivables at the end of the year

19. CURRENT TAXES

VAT receivable

Current income tax prepayments

Other prepaid taxes

Total

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

20.  OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

Trade receivables, net of impairment

Other receivables

Prepayments

Total

£ ‘000

2 273

352

448

3 073

£ ‘000

5 894

370

499

6 763

Loans and receivables

Loans issued to third parties

Total

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

268

(1 065)

-

2 424

1 627

£ ‘000

277

157

-

(166)

268

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

521

40

30

591

£ ‘000

838

54

28

920

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

35

35

£ ‘000

40

40

The  Group’s  management  believes  that  the  carrying  value  for  trade  and  other  receivables  is  a 
reasonable approximation of their fair value�

Loans issued are short term in nature, repayable on demand and are interest free�

84

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

85

21. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (EXCLUDING BANK 
OVERDRAFTS)
As at the reporting dates cash and cash equivalents were presented as follows:

23.  OTHER RESERVES

At the reporting date other reserves were presented as follows:

Cash on hand - on UAH

Cash in bank - on UAH

Cash in Bank - in other currencies

Total

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

36

232

135

403

£ ‘000

7

273

32

312

22. SHARE CAPITAL
As at the reporting dates share capital was presented as follows:

As at

As at

As at

As at

31 December 2022 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 31 December 2021

Authorised

Ordinary shares of 10p each

60 000

Number '000

£ ‘000

6 000

Number '000

60 000

£ ‘000

6 000

Issued and fully paid at beginning and end of the year

As at

As at

As at

As at

31 December 2022 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 31 December 2021

Ordinary shares of 10p each

At beginning of the year

Own shares acquired

Number '000

-

39 673

-

At end of the year (excluding 

39 673

shares held as treasury shares)

£ ‘000

-

3 967

-

3 967

Number '000

-

39 673

-

39 673

£ ‘000

-

3 967

-

3 967

Treasury shares

As at

As at

As at

As at

31 December 2022 31 December 2022 31 December 2021 31 December 2021

Number '000

£ ‘000

Number '000

£ ‘000

Ordinary shares of 10p each

At beginning of the year

At end of the year 

-

3 145

3 145

-

315

315

-

3 145

3 145

-

315

315

Share  capital  and  treasury  shares  presented  as  separate  lines  in  the  Consolidated  statement 
of financial position as at 31 December 2022. In the Annual report 2021 the Share capital was 
presented on a net value reduced by the value of treasury shares�

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 the Group held a total of 3,144�800 ordinary 
shares as treasury shares and the total number of ordinary shares in issue (excluding shares held 
as treasury shares) was 39,673�049�

86

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Share premium

Translation 

Revaluation 

Total other 

At 1 January 2021

Depreciation on revaluation of property, 

plant and equipment

Exchange differences on translation to 

the presentation currency

At 31 December 2021

£ '000

4 562

-

-

reserve

£ '000

(15 231)

-

244

4 562

(14 987)

Depreciation on revaluation of property, 

plant and equipment

Exchange differences on translation to 

-

-

-

reserve

£ '000

7 031

(683)

reserves

£ '000

(3 638)

(683)

-

244

6 348

(343)

(4 077)

(343)

(550)

-

(550)

the presentation currency

At 31 December 2022

4 562

(15 537)

6 005

(4 970)

Reserve

Description and purpose

Share premium

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value�

Revaluation

Gains arising on the revaluation of the Group’s property� The balance on this reserve is 

wholly undistributable�

Translation

Amount of all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial 

information of Group entities to presentation currency� 

87

 
24.  BANK LOANS AND SHORT-
TERM PAYABLES

the  EBRD  has  taken  no  action  to  accelerate 
repayment of the loan

Maturity of financial liabilities

As  at  31  December  2022  the  Group  has  two 
loans:  the  loan  from  Creditwest  Bank  in  the 
amount of 1�451 thousand GBP (in UAH 63�860 
million)  and  the  loan  from  the  EBRD  in  the 
amount of 4�665 thousand GBP (in EUR 5�309 
thousand)�

For  the  year  ended  31  December  2022,  the 
Group  was  in  breach  of  several  provisions  of 
its  loan  agreement  with  the  EBRD�  With  the 
beginning  of  the  military  aggression  of  the 
Russian  Federation  against  Ukraine  on  24 
February  2022  the  Group  suspended  all  the 
principal payments and interests of EBRD loans 
as  a  result  of  force  majeure  circumstances, 
which the bank has not issued a waiver for�

Ukrproduct  has  been  in  negotiations  with 
the  EBRD  to  potentially  restructure  the  loan 
repayment  schedule  since  June  2021�  The 
negotiations with EBRD are ongoing� At present 

Fixed assets with a net book value of GBP 2�102 
thousand at 31 December 2022 (2021: GBP 2�562 
thousand) were pledged as collateral for loan�

Assets pledged as security for the EBRD loan 
include property and land in Starokonstantinov, 
equipment for dairy production and production 
of hard cheese, as well as trademarks�

According to the terms of the agreements with 
the  EBRD,  in  case  of  non-fulfilment  of  any  of 
the  obligations  under  agreement,  including 
financial  covenants,  the  EBRD  may  demand 
from the Group full
return  of  all  outstanding  loan  amounts�  The 
Group  classified  the  loan  from  the  EBRD  as 
a  current  liability  following  the  breach  of 
certain  covenants  and  as  no  formal  waivers 
were  received  by  the  Group  from  the  EBRD� 
At  present  the  EBRD  has  taken  no  action  to 
accelerate repayment of the loan�

Bank

Currency

Type

Opening 

Termination 

Interest 

Limit

As At 31 

As at 31 

date

date

rate

December 

December 

EUR

UAH

Loan

31�03�2011 30�11�2024

5-7%

Credit line 05�02�2018 05�02�2021

15�89%

EBRD

Creditwest 

Bank Ukraine

Total

£ ‘000

7 347

1 477

2022

£ ‘000

4 665

1 451

2021

£ ‘000

4 304

1 735

6 116

6 039

The average interest rate as at 31 December 2022 was 11% (2021: 11%)�

Year ended

31 December 2022

Year ended

31 December 2021

£ ‘000

-

6 116

-

6 116

£ ‘000

-

6 039

-

6 039

On demand

In less than 1 year

In more than 1 year

Total

Interest rate profile of financial liabilities

On demand

Expiry within 1 year

Expiry in more than 1 year

Total

Floating rate

Fixed rate

As at

As at

31 December 2022 31 December 2021

£ '000

-

4 665

-

4 665

£ '000

-

1 451

-

1 451

£ ‘000

-

6 116

-

6 116

£ ‘000

-

6 039

-

6 039

The currency profile of the Group's financial liabilities is as follows:

Floating rate 

Fixed rate liabilities

Total as at 31 

Total as at 31 

liabilities

£ '000

-

4 665

4 665

December 2022

December 2021

£ '000

1 451

-

1 451

£ '000

1 451

4 665

6 116

£ '000

1 735

4 304

6 039

UAH

EUR

Total

The book value and fair value of financial liabilities are as follows:

Book value as at 31 

Fair value as at 31 

Book value as at 31 

Fair value as at 31 

December 2022

December 2022

December 2021

December 2021

Bank loans

Total

£ '000

6 116

6 116

£ '000

6 116

6 116

£ '000

6 039

6 039

£ '000

6 039

6 039

88

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

89

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities

26. EARNINGS PER SHARE

As at 31 

Financing 

Accrual of 

Foreign 

Other 

Effect from 

As at 31 

December 

cash flows

interest

exchange 

changes

translation to 

December 

2021

£ '000

6 039

193

Bearing loans and 

borrowings 

Interest 

Interest-bearing loans 

6 232

and borrowings 

movement

presentation 

2022

£ '000

£ '000

(1)

-

(292)

(293)

550

550

£ '000

1 180

61

1 241

£ '000

(9)

-

(9)

currency

£ '000

(1 093)

(130)

(1 223)

£ '000

6 116

383

6 499

Basic earnings per share have been calculated by dividing net profit attributable to the ordinary 
shareholders by the weighted average number of shares in issue�

Year ended

Year ended

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Net profit/loss attributable to ordinary shareholders

Weighted number of ordinary shares in issue 

Basic earnings per share, pence

Diluted average number of shares

Diluted earnings per share, pence

£ ‘000

(804)

39 673

(2.03)

39 673

(2.03)

£ ‘000

439

39 673

1.11

39 673

1.11

25.  TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
At the reporting date trade and other payables were presented as follows:

27. DIVIDENDS

Due  to  the  business  circumstances  dictating  prudence  and  cash  conservation,  the  Board  has 
decided not to pay a final dividend in respect of the year ended 31 December 2022.

28. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The  Company  operates  an  equity-settled  share  based  remuneration  scheme  for  employees� 
During 2022, the Group did not issue options to any third parties� They were not exercised� There 
are no outstanding options issued by the Group�

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Trade payables

Prepayments received

Accruals

Interests payable

Provisions

Other payables

Total

£ ‘000

3 956

119

199

383

425

80

5 162

£ ‘000

8 847

174

253

193

242

120

9 829

The  Group’s  management  believes  that  the  carrying  value  for  trade  and  other  payables  is  a 
reasonable approximation of their fair value�

For the year ended 31 December 2022, provisions were presented as follows:

As at

As at

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Allowance at the beginning of the 

year

Accrual/(Reversal)

Use of allowances

Effect of translation to presentation 

currency

 Allowance at the end of the year

£ ‘000

242

367

(354)

171

425

£ ‘000

176

262

(304)

108

242

90

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

91

29.  CURRENCY ANALYSIS

Currency analysis for the year ended 31 December 2022 is set out below:

UAH

USD

GBP

EUR

Total

Assets

Trade and other receivables

2 566

Current taxes

Other financial assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities

Bank borrowings

Trade and other payable

Current income tax liabilities

Other taxes payable

Total Liabilities

574

35

273

3 448

1 451

3 928

48

52

5 479

57

-

-

125

182

-

12

-

-

12

2

-

-

-

2

-

87

-

-

87

-

17

-

5

22

5 158

9

-

-

2 625

591

35

403

3 654

6 609

4 036

48

52

5 167

10 745

Currency analysis for the year ended 31 December 2021 is set out below:

UAH

USD

GBP

EUR

Total

Assets

Trade and other receivables

6 171

Current taxes

Other financial assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities

Bank borrowings

Trade and other payable

Current income tax liabilities

Other taxes payable

Total Liabilities

889

40

286

7 386

1 735

8 907

-

55

10 697

93

31

-

25

149

-

16

-

-

16

-

-

-

-

-

-

30

-

-

30

-

-

-

1

1

4 304

14

-

-

6 264

920

40

312

7 536

6 039

8 967

-

55

4 318

15 061

3%  strengthening  of  Hryvnia  rate  against  the  US  dollar  and  18%  strengthening  of  Hryvnia  rate 
against the Euro  the following currencies as at 31 December 2022 and 2021, would increase /
decrease the amount of profits /or losses for the period by the amounts mentioned below. This 
analysis was conducted based on the assumption that all other variables, in particular, interest 
rates,  remained  unchanged�  The  change  of  the  British  pound  exchange  rate  does  not  have 
an impact on the result as all the balances in the British pound are attributable to the Group’s 
companies where the British pound is a functional currency�

Increase/ decrease in rate

Effect on income before 

Effect on income before 

tax in 2022

tax in 2021

USD

EUR

USD

EUR

3%

18%

3%

18%

£ ‘000

5

(926)

(5)

926

£ ‘000

4

(777)

(4)

777

30. RELATED PARTY 
TRANSACTIONS
A related party is a person or an entity that is 
related to the reporting entity:

A  person  or  a  close  member  of  that  person’s 
family  is  related  to  a  reporting  entity  if  that 
person has control, joint control, or significant 
influence over the entity or is a member of its 
key management personnel�

An  entity  is  related  to  a  reporting  entity  if, 
among  other  circumstances,  it  is  a  parent, 
subsidiary, fellow subsidiary, associate, or joint 
venture of the reporting entity, or it is controlled, 
jointly controlled, or significantly influenced or 
managed by a person who is a related party�

Remuneration of key management personnel is 
disclosed in Note 12�

The  Group  had  no  commercial  relationships 
with the related parties in 2022� There were no 
guarantees given to or provided by the Group to 
related parties and vice versa�

ultimate 

and 
controlling 
The 
beneficiaries  of  the  related  parties  were  Mr. 
Alexander Slipchuk and Mr� Sergey Evlanchik�

owners 

30. COMMITMENTS AND 
CONTINGENCIES

(a) Economic environment

affecting the activities of Ukrainian enterprises 
may  be  subject  to  changes  and  amendments 
within  a  short  period  of  time�  As  a  result,  the 
assets  and  operating  activity  of  the  Group 
may  be  exposed  to  the  risk  in  case  if  any 
unfavourable  changes  that  take  place  in  the 
political and economic environment�

(b) Retirement and other liabilities
Employees  of  the  Group  receive  pension 
benefits  from  the  Pension  Fund,  a  Ukrainian 
Government  organization  in  accordance  with 
the applicable laws and regulations of Ukraine� 
The Group is required to contribute a specified 
percentage of the payroll to the Pension Fund 
to finance the benefits. The only obligation of 
the  Group  with  respect  to  this  pension  plan 
is  to  make  the  specified  contributions  from 
salaries�  As  at  31  December  2022  the  Group 
had no liabilities for supplementary pensions, 
health  care,  insurance  benefits  or  retirement 
indemnities to its current or former employees�

(c) Compliance with covenants
The Group is subject to a covenant related primarily 
to  its  borrowings�  As  at  31  December  2022  the 
Group  had  been  in  breach  of  certain  covenants 
regarding  the  loan  repayments  settlement  with 
the EBRD. The Group classified the loan from the 
EBRD as a Current Liability following the breach 
of certain covenants and no formal waivers were 
received by the Group from the bank�  To the best 
of  the  Group’s  management  knowledge,  as  of 
today the EBRD has taken no action to accelerate 
repayment of the loan�

92

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The  Group  carries  out  most  of  its  operations 
in  Ukraine�  Laws  and  other  regulatory  acts 

(d) Litigations and claims
The  Group’s  operations  and 

financial 

93

position  will  continue  to  be  affected  by 
Ukrainian  political  developments  including 
future 
the  application  of  existing  and 
legislation and tax regulations� Management 
believes  that  the  Group  has  complied  with 
all regulations and paid or accrued all taxes 
that  are  applicable�  In  the  ordinary  course 
of  business,  the  Group  is  subject  to  various 
legal  actions  and  complaints�  Management 
believes  that  the  ultimate  liability,  if  any, 
arising  from  such  actions  or  complaints 
will  not  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on 
the  financial  condition  or  the  results  of  the 
Group’s operations� Where the risk of outflow 
of  resources  is  probable,  the  Group  has 
accrued  liabilities  based  on  management’s 
best estimate�

(e) Other

amount  of 

non-cancellable 

The 
lease 
commitments is insignificant. As at 31 December 
2022, the Group does not possess any finance 
lease  and  hire  purchase  commitments,  capital 
commitments and guarantees�

31. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

(a) EBRD – breach of loan covenants

As at 31 December 2022 the Group had been in 
breach of loan covenants with EBRD� The Group 
was  still  in  breach  of  this  covenant  as  at  01 
June 2023� Ukrproduct has been in negotiations 
with  the  EBRD  to  potentially  restructure  the 
loan repayment schedule since June 2021� The 
negotiations with EBRD are ongoing�

(b) Foreign exchange rates

Post  year  end,  the  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  has 
strengthened  against  the  USD,  EUR  and  GBP� 
According  to  the  information  provided  by  the 
National  Bank  of  Ukraine,  the  main  exchange 
rates are set at the following rates:

Currency

UAH/GBP

UAH/USD

UAH/EUR

(c) War

28 June 2023

46�52

36�56

40�02

On  24  February  2022,  the  Russian  Federation 
launched  a  full-scale  military 
invasion  of 
Ukraine� The ongoing military attack has caused 
and  continues  to  cause  significant  casualties, 
population displacement, infrastructure damage 
and disruption to economic activity in Ukraine� 
Seaports and airports are closed and damaged� 
Export  through  seaports  is  completely  frozen� 
This  raises  significant  pressure  on  other 
means  of  alternative  transportation  for  export 
operation�  The situation remains highly volatile 
and the outlook highly uncertain� 

located 

As of the date of this report, the Group continues 
to  operate�  The  management  of  the  Group 
controls all its operations� The Group’s production 
in  Khmelnytskyi  and 
facilities  are 
Zhytomyr  regions,  where  missiles  attacks  have 
been incurred�  As a result, the Group's business 
activities have been affected as follows:
-  none  of  the  Group's  critical  facilities  or 
infrastructure has suffered any significant 
damage; 

-  as at 30 June 2023 all the Group's assets 
are located in the non-occupied territories;
-  the Group does not have a labor shortage 
and has managed to retain its staff� Office 
staff work remotely, while production staff 
work at their sites;

-  the Group have lost sales of dairy products 

in the occupied territories;

-  Black Sea ports in Ukraine remain blocked for 
export activities� Alternative logistics chains 
for dairy products exports by other means of 
transportations have been developed;

-  the  Group  concluded  contracts  with  new 

alternative suppliers�

94

The notes on pages 36 – 94 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

95

Corporate advisers
Group secretary
Ocorian Ltd
PO Box 75
26 New Street
St Helier
Jersey JE2 3RA

Nominated adviser and broker
Strand Hanson Limited
26 Mount Row, Mayfair,
London W1K 3SQ,
United Kingdom

Registrars
Neville Registrars Limited
Neville House
18 Laurel Lane
Halesowen B63 3DA

Shareholder Information
Registered Office
PO Box 75
26 New Street
St Helier
Jersey JE2 3RA

Registered Number
88352 (Jersey)

Investor Relations
Yuliia Bovsunovska
Phone: +380-44-232-96-02
Email : ir@ukrproduct.com

Ukrproduct Group

5th Floor , 4/6 Ioanna Pavla II St�,

Kyiv 01042 Ukraine

Tel/fax (+380 44) 232-96-02

Tel/fax (+380 44) 232-96-03