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Velocity Financial, Inc.

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FY2023 Annual Report · Velocity Financial, Inc.
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A N N U A L R E P O R T 2023
& Financial State m ents For the year ended 31.10.23

Velocity Composites Plc

AMS Technology Park 

Billington Road 

Burnley 

Lancashire 

BB11 5UB

www.velocity-composites.com 

Registered No: 06389233

Contents

1. Strategic Report 

Highlights   .......................................................................................  4
Chairman’s Report   .........................................................................  6
CEO Report   .................................................................................  10
Financial Review   ........................................................................... 14
Principal Risks & Uncertainties  ....................................................... 17

2. Governance

Statement of Corporate Governance   ...........................................  24

Board of Directors and Senior Management   ................................  30

Directors’ Report ...........................................................................  36

Directors’ Remuneration Report  ...................................................  39

3. Financial Statements

Independent Auditor’s Report  .......................................................  42

Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive Income  .............  48

Consolidated and Company Statement of Financial Position  ........  49

Consolidated and Company Statement of Changes in Equity  .......  50

Consolidated and Company Statement of Cash Flows  .................  52

Notes to the Financial Statements  .................................................  53

4. Shareholder Information

Advisers  ........................................................................................  83 

Notice of General Meeting   ............................................................  84

Notes to Notice of General Meeting  ..............................................  87

 
Strategic Report  Highlights

Financial Highlights & Group Key Performance Indicators

Revenue 

£16.4m

Adjusted EBITDA 1 

£(1.6)m

Gross Margin %

18.8%

Operating Loss

£(2.8)m

Cash at Bank

£3.2m

Velocity’s Mission
To revolutionise aerospace composites manufacturing by enabling 
our customers to reduce waste/costs whilst meeting increased 
global demand by creating a lean and scalable supply chain in a 
more-for-less era, delivering real value for all stakeholders.

1  Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptionals and adjusted for share-based payments. The business 
uses this Alternative Performance Measure to appropriately measure the underlying business performance, as such it excludes 
costs associated with non-core activity. Share based payments are added back to make the share-based payment charge clear 
to stakeholders. Workings are provided on p14 of the 2023 Annual Report and Financial Statements.

4
4

Our highly efficient nests reduce material waste & save money

The innovative visual inspection system in operation in our digital cell at Burnley HQ

Velocity Composites is the leading supplier of advanced composite material kits to the aerospace market

5
5

 
Strategic Report  Chairman’s Report

Chairman’s Report

Andrew Beaden Executive Chairman

“

Velocity Composites has grown 
significantly, with revenue up 
37% to £16.4m (FY22: £12.0m) of 
which £2.0m was derived from 
maiden revenues from the US... 

”

Overview

In the financial year ended 
31 October 2023, Velocity 
Composites has grown 
significantly, with revenue 
up 37% to £16.4m (FY22: 
£12.0m) of which £2.0m was 
derived from the Group’s 
maiden revenues from the 
US (FY22: nil). We provide 
critical carbon fibre kitting 
and supply chain management 
services to large Tier One 
aerospace part manufacturers. 
Our technology, which has 
been developed over many 
years, is proven to improve 
material efficiency and speed 
up production times. This 
technology is in increasing 
demand as the aerospace 
manufacturing sector recovers 
from the pandemic.

GKN Aerospace

At the start of the financial year, 
we were excited to announce 
our first US-contract with GKN 
Aerospace. The US is the global 

centre for aircraft manufacturing. 
To support the contract, which 
is worth $20m per annum in 
revenue over at least the next 
five years starting from 1 January 
2024, we established a facility in 
Tallassee, Alabama.  

Much of the management team’s 
focus over the last year has 
been on commissioning the new 
facility in the US and starting 
to on-board the new business.  
As expected in the aerospace 
industry, this is a complex and 
lengthy process, including a 
detailed qualification procedure 
known as First Article Inspection 
(“FAI”).  The new facility has been 
a significant financial investment 
however it will provide solid 
long-term contracted revenues 
for the Group. We expect the 
initial five-year GKN contract 
to rollover to a much longer 
period, with the opportunity 
to add more contracts from 
other US manufacturers. The 
costs associated with such 
an expansion are the primary 
driver the operating loss was 
£2.8m during the year as this 
included the hiring and training 
of a completely new team in 

the US as well as the FAI work 
and the additional central 
resources required to support 
this expansion in services. Once 
the US facility is fully operational, 
with the key programmes 
transferred over from GKN, then 
it is expected to be profitable and 
to have justified these upfront 
costs. In doing so and provide 
a solid return on investment 
even prior to securing additional 
contracts for which the facility 
has capacity.  

The complexity of the onboarding 
and qualification processes 
required do therefore provide 
a high barrier to entry for any 
potential competitors, protecting 
our long-term revenues.  We have 
learnt a lot from the onboarding 
process, which we will be able 
to utilise when we win future 
US business to drive greater 
efficiencies and returns. The new 
team we have built and trained 
in the US will be an important 
resource and revenue driver for 
the Group in the future.

6

 
 
Strategic Report  Chairman’s Report

Velocity’s visual inspection system  

Industry Developments

It is pleasing to report that the 
prior headwinds of Covid-19 
have been replaced with the 
structural tailwind of a drive to 
deliver more sustainable air travel 
through the greater use of carbon 
fibre in aerospace manufacture.  
This means that the global 
industry needs what we do. 
They can either try and reinvent 
our solutions for themselves 
or simply utilise our Velocity 
Resource Planning services, and 
we firmly believe that many will 
choose the latter. 

Greater lightweighting of aircraft 
is required to achieve aerospace 
industry sustainability targets 
and the need for improved fuel 
performance. This need is driving 
the increased usage of high-
end carbon fibre materials in 
critical structural aircraft parts.  
Leading manufacturers like 
Boeing and Airbus are planning 
for a huge upturn in composite 
rich aircraft production. They will 
need to increase the capability 
of their supply chains to deliver 
this.  This means that our main 

contracts in the UK and USA 
should grow organically, and 
any new business beyond this 
could have a significant financial 
upside.  Airbus and Boeing global 
market forecasts that there will 
be ten times as many carbon 
fibre intensive new generation 
civil aircraft in service by the early 
2040s.  

Fundraising and Balance Sheet

Given the scale of the 
opportunities available to us, 
we sought new investment from 
shareholders in August 2023, 
raising £6.1m net of costs. To 
effectively grow the Company, 
and take on new contracts like 
GKN, requires upfront investment 
in new people, engineering skills 
training, as well as advanced 
technology and machinery. These 
funds will support our growth and 
have strengthened our balance 
sheet. As at 31 October 2023, 
our Cash at Bank was £3.2m, 
after paying down the Invoice 
Discounting Facility in the UK 
which is still available to use. 

7

As reported above, the 
investment needed to deliver 
the GKN contract means our 
results show an operating loss 
of £2.8m. This year, however, 
we have established significant 
commercial assets, through a 
new US site, with trained staff, 
advanced the FAI processes, 
developed and rolled-out 
new digital manufacturing 
technologies now being used to 
deliver the contract, and ensured 
that we have the engineering 
resources that can support a 
much larger business than we are 
currently.  

While we will continue to invest 
as needed, we have enough 
contracted business that, at 
full production rates, will mean 
in 2024 we should move from 
operating losses to profitability. 
The Board expects that the 
second half of FY24 will report an 
operating profit and is expected 
to roll into a more significant full 
year profit in 2025. The Board 
and Executive Management of 
Velocity Composites understand 
that only a profitable business 
can grow and be successful in 
the long-term.  Our expected 

Strategic Review  Chairman’s Report  
Strategic Report  Chairman’s Report

Velocity HQ, Burnley, Lancashire, UK

near-term growth supports the 
corporate objectives of a 25% 
plus gross margin, 10% EBITDA 
margin and a 25% return on 
capital. It should be noted that 
FY23 gross margin was heavily 
impacted by charges for staff 
and some materials in relation to 
the US facility. Whilst it is not at 
an optimal level of production, 
along with a lag in pass-through 
of non-material costs in the UK, 
we should start to see these 
dynamics change in 2024, 
enabling a higher gross margin to 
be achieved.

Management Changes

In preparation for this exciting 
future, we have ensured that the 
Board and management team 
have the required aerospace 
and composite manufacturing 
expertise to accommodate 
the planned growth in the US 
and the UK. In July 2023, we 
appointed Kevin Hickey as 
Group Chief Operating Officer 
(a non-Board position). Kevin 
previously worked at Velocity 
between early 2017 and late 
2020, where he was responsible 

for the establishment, ramp up 
and ongoing management of the 
Company’s production facility in 
Fareham, UK. Prior to this, Kevin 
held a range of senior operational 
management roles both in the 
UK and internationally at GE 
Aviation and brings a wealth of 
experience in the industry and 
the Company’s processes as 
Velocity’s existing facilities grow, 
and new facilities are established.   

In August 2023, we also 
welcomed back Andrew Hebb 
as non-Board Interim Chief 
Financial Officer and Company 
Secretary to replace Adam 
Holden while we recruit a full time 
CFO.  Andrew was Velocity’s 
non-Board Interim Chief Financial 
Officer and Company Secretary 
between November 2018, and 
August 2020 so has a detailed 
understanding of the business. 

Outlook

Looking ahead, we have engaged 
key customers in the US and 
Europe that will enable us to 
grow Velocity Composites 
into a very sizeable, profitable 

8

business, from 2024. Our current 
contracted business is worth 
at least £30m ($36m - $43m) 
annually. Our existing facilities 
could support up to £70m 
annually, with a current qualified 
pipeline of approximately £200m 
($250m) annually. 

As the first movers in the 
industry, we are the only 
company proven to provide a 
complete outsourced solution 
to composite aerostructure 
manufacturers, meaning we are 
well placed for the future.  We 
have a strong industry reputation 
and all the global approvals to 
deliver the service which provide 
strong barriers to entry for others.

I would like to thank colleagues 
for their continued dedication 
and customers, suppliers and 
investors for their support. We 
look forward to a successful 
2024. 

Andrew Beaden 
Chairman
22 January 2024 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report  Dashboard

Both Airbus & Boeing predict 40,000+ aircraft by 2042 

Airbus: 40,850   Boeing: 42,595    

Source: Boeing Commercial Market Outlook 2023  (www.boeing.com/commercial/market/commercial-market-outlook)  
and Airbus, Global Market Forecast 2023  (www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/market/global-market-forecast)

Demand for 40,850 new passenger & freighter aircraft*

46,560

23,680

GROW 

22,880

17,170

REPLACE 

5,710

STAY 
inc 2020/22 deliveries  

NEW 
DELIVERIES
40,850

58%  
GROWTH

42% 
REPLACEMENT

Beginning 2020

2042

New Deliveries (2023 - 2042)

Source: Airbus, Global Market Forecast 2023  (www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/market/global-market-forecast)

* Passenger aircraft above 100 seats & freighters with a payload above 10t

By 2041, new generation passenger aircraft will represent >95% of the fleet

New Generation Aircraft = 25% lower carbon footprint *

i

*
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c
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r
e
s
n

i

t
f
a
r
c
r
i
a
r
e
g
n
e
s
s
a
p
f
o
o
N

50,000

45,000

40,000

35,000

30,000

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

History     Outlook

1st** (e.g. 727) + 2nd** (e.g. MD80) +
previous generation** (e.g. A320ceo) 
aircraft

13%

25%

>95%

NEW GENERATION** AIRCRAFT
AIRBUS:  A220, A320neo, A330neo,  A350, 
A380, 

BOEING:: 737max, 777x, 787,   
& other new programmes)

CURRENT VELOCITY PROGRAMMES 

2000

2005

2010

2015

2019

2023

2026

2031

2036

2041

Source: Airbus, Global Market Forecast ‘22  (www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2022-07/GMF-Presentation-2022-2041.pdf)
2023 figure Global Market Forecast ‘23   (www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/market/global-market-forecast)

9
9

 
 
 
 
 
CEO Report

Strategic Report  CEO Report

Jonathan Bridges  Chief Executive

“

Manufacturers are now 
approaching us for our solutions, 
leading to a current qualified 
pipeline of opportunities of 
£200m ($250m) annually

”

Overview

2023 was the year when our 
customers started to plan 
for aircraft production rate 
increases. Across the global 
industry, aircraft order books 
are strengthening as air travel 
recovers from lockdowns. For 
the first time, we are expecting 
simultaneous production 
rate increases across most 
aircraft platforms over the 
next three years albeit from 
the historically low numbers 
caused by the pandemic.

This welcome increase in 
production is happening after 
customers have seen their 
manufacturing base, internal 
know-how and capacity 
reduced since 2020 and creates 
challenges for which Velocity’s 
services provide a proven 
solution. Working with us allows 
them to focus their resources on 
aerostructure part manufacture 
and expanding their internal 
operational capacity.  Velocity’s 
customers need to do more-
for-less to meet the production 

rate increases of aircraft and 
outsourcing is easier when 
aircraft production rates are 
increasing.

US expansion 

In this financial year, a significant 
portion of our resources were 
focused on the successful site 
opening and production ramp 
up in Alabama to serve our new 
GKN contract. This included not 
only the local site team being 
recruited and trained, but also 
support from the central UK 
teams, specifically New Business 
Engineering, Operations, Supply 
Chain, Quality, Information 
Systems, Finance and Human 
Resources. Everyone within 
the Company has had a part to 
play in the critical expansion of 
the business and myself and 
the wider executive team are 
immensely proud and grateful for 
their hard work. It is especially 
pleasing to see a whole new team 
develop in Alabama and they 
have quickly grasped Velocity’s 
processes and values in order 

to support the GKN contract. 
We operate in a highly regulated 
industry, and it was important 
that the new site in Alabama 
mirrored the proven way of the 
working of the two UK sites. It 
has been inspiring to see how the 
UK teams have trained their new 
colleagues, and how the US team 
has adopted the Velocity culture.

As we have documented in 
our investor communications 
throughout the year, the GKN 
contract award in December 
2022 was the culmination of 
more than 12 months of detailed 
business development, bid 
creation and contract negotiation 
with the customer. This required 
not only a detailed understanding 
of the customer’s “current state”, 
but also the onboarding into the 
Velocity system of around 1,300 
individual kits to allow for the 
detailed costing and creation 
of the Velocity “future state” so 
we could complete the business 
case submission. At the same 
time the team was also busy 
setting up the production facility 
in Alabama under a separate 
Authority to Proceed agreement 

10

 
 
Strategic Report  CEO Report

which underwrote the costs 
and meant that that the transfer 
project could begin immediately 
rather than having to wait until the 
full contract was signed.

After the contract award, our 
focus shifted to the project 
delivery stage, particularly the 
detailed and highly regulated 
FAI process which is a key 
enabler on the route to volume 
production and sales. The total 
project was split into individual 
aircraft programme blocks and 
a 12-month plan agreed on a 
sequential basis and involved 
close co-operation between us 
and GKN to verify that the kit 
engineering data for each block 
had been transferred accurately, 
and that the first kit produced by 
Velocity was identical to the kits 
that had been produced by the 
customer. To verify this, Velocity 
produced a detailed report per kit 
which was subject to a desktop 
verification, followed by one of 

each kit which was manufactured 
and then assessed and used by 
the customer against the current 
standard. 

The scale, complexity and 
resource-intense nature of this 
process for both parties means 
that the actual sequence and 
timing of each block can change 
during the transfer, hence the 
trading update that was issued 
in July 2023. Once transferred 
however, Velocity becomes the 
sole approved supplier of the 
kits and an integral long-term 
partner to our customer, hence 
the extension of the contract with 
the customer to ensure the initial 
term did not commence until the 
FAI process was completed. Only 
once each block completes the 
FAI process does Velocity then 
begin to ramp it up into volume 
production, which in itself can 
take weeks or months depending 
on the size and number of kits in 
the block.

As we worked through the total 
project with our first customer 
in Alabama, we ended FY23 
with the first two blocks fully 
completed and ramped up, which 
accounts for over 50% of the 
total project, and the third block 
in FAI and the fourth block ready 
to begin FAI. The period also saw 
the focus change from site stand 
up to volume production.  

Future Contracts 

We have continued our business 
development activities in the 
US to utilise the capacity in 
our new business engineering 
and operations created as 
the GKN contract moves to 
sustained production. We have 
a live bid with a large tier one 
customer under a Memorandum 
of Understanding, and a third 
business development plan with 
another large tier one customer. 

Velocity’s new Advanced Manufacturing Facility in Alabama, USA

11
11

 
 
 
Strategic Report  CEO Report

Volume production is ramped up and underway in Alabama 

In Europe, our stated focus 
is around managing the rate 
increases with our existing 
customers, along with targeted 
business development with 
existing customers at other 
sites they have within mainland 
Europe. This is expected 
to accelerate in FY24 as 
rate recovery drives make/
buy decisions as customer 
plants become more capacity 
constrained.

As our contractual agreements 
with customers are typically 
repeatedly extended we will 
also refine the contract terms to 
account for material and labour 
cost inflation, interest rates and 
energy inflation so as to protect 
both parties from any global 
economic factors. 

With the completion of the 
equity fundraise we were 
able to resource our plans 
around people and technology 
to support the continued 
expansion of our services at 
our three sites. We recognise 
that continued investment in 
our key technology areas (real 
time digitisation of supply chain 
management, material efficiency 
and operational performance) 
along with our new business 
engineering teams gives us 
both a clear differentiator from 
our customers (who are also 
our competitors when it comes 
to make/buy decisions) along 
with the continued refinement of 
our bid development, business 
case creation and new business 
implementation through FAI, to 
support and deliver the continued 
flow of new business opportunity 
as our customers look to build 
back better.

12

This also further strengthens 
the barriers to entry for any 
competition as our global 
approvals, industry reputation, 
digital toolbox, new business 
engineering capacity, proven cost 
saving delivery and geographic 
footprint allow us to create and 
deliver business cases which 
support both our own and our 
customers growth plans. Our 
entry into the US market also 
presents an opportunity for the 
business to further position 
our orderbook across both civil 
aerospace and defence projects, 
both of which are equally 
applicable to Velocity’s services 
but have different global growth 
drivers for risk mitigation.

 
Strategic Report  CEO Report

with stakeholders enables the 
Board to ensure stakeholder 
interests are considered when 
making decisions which is 
crucial for achieving the long-
term success of the Group. The 
main mechanisms for wider 
stakeholder engagement and 
feedback can be found on page 
24 onwards in the Statement on 
Corporate Governance. 

Jonathan Bridges
Chief Executive Officer
22 January 2024 

 Outlook

Velocity Composites has put 
into effect a clear strategy to 
capitalise on the significant 
growth in the use of composites 
within aerospace. Manufacturers 
need to outsource non-core 
processes and reduce costs to 
meet demand. Manufacturers 
are now approaching us for our 
solutions, leading to a current 
qualified pipeline of opportunities 
of £200m ($250m) annually.

Looking forward into FY24, the 
business is fully committed 
and resourced to deliver on its 
existing projects, both in Europe 
and the US, whilst developing 
the next opportunities within 
a sustainable capital and 

profitability structure for the 
benefit of all customers and 
stakeholders.

Section 172 Statement

In accordance with section 172 
of the Companies Act 2006, 
the Directors, collectively and 
individually, confirm that during 
the year ended 31 October 2023, 
they acted in good faith and have 
upheld their ‘duty to promote 
the success of the Group’ to the 
benefit of its stakeholder groups.

The Directors acknowledge 
the importance of forming 
and retaining a constructive 
relationship with all stakeholder 
groups. Effective engagement 

13

 
 
 
 
Strategic Report  Financial Review

Financial Review

Statement of 
Comprehensive Income

Revenue for FY23 of £16.4m 
(FY22: £12.0m) represents an 
increase of 37% and is driven 
by a combination of a 20% 
increase in UK sales as the 
market continues to recover 
to pre-pandemic levels, and 
also first-year sales from the 
new US site which contributed 
£2.0m. 

The increased volume has 
generated a gross profit of £3.1m, 
£0.4m ahead of FY22. There was 
a reduction in the reported gross 
margin percentage to 18.8% 
(FY22: 23.0%), however this is 
expected to be temporary as 
the reduction results from the 
start-up of the US site where 
volumes were lower than needed 
to recover labour costs at normal 
margins and a lag in some 
increased cost pressures, when 
compared to revising contracted 
pricing with customers.

Administrative expenses 
(excluding exceptional) have 
increased £1.7m from £4.1m in 
FY22 to £5.8m in FY23.The US 
costs were £1.2m (FY22: £0.0m) 
with the onboarding of key roles 
to directly support operations in 
the US. The remaining support is 
directly provided by the UK.  The 
increase in volume has therefore 
been offset by the investment in 
overheads to support the future 
growth, resulting in an adjusted 
EBITDA  loss of £1.6m (FY22: loss 
of £0.5m).

The continued investment in 
a new US facility, business 
development, technology 
and staff during FY23 means 
the Group is well placed for 

31 October
2023

31 October
2022

£’000 

£’000

(2,817)

(1,317)

206

413

472 

170

263

432

Operating loss 

Add back:

Share-based payments

Depreciation and amortisation

Depreciation on right of use assets 
under IFRS 16

Exceptional Administrative costs

120

              -

Adjusted EBITDA

(1,606)

(452)

contracted volume growth in the 
forthcoming year. US growth 
will be delivered through the 
Work Package Agreement 
with GKN with the remaining 
projects completing First Article 
Inspection (FAI) during the first 
half of FY24 and full volumes 
being achieved in the second 
half. In addition, we expect 
to start onboarding a second 
customer once contracts are 
signed. Growth in the UK will 
be through a small increase to 
existing contract volumes and 
also new opportunities with 
existing customers.   

Therefore, Velocity is in an 
excellent position to deliver this 
growth, without a linear increase 
to its overhead base and will 
also benefit in FY24 from the 
technological investments that 
have driven efficiencies in the 
operational process as volumes 
grow.

Fundraise and 
Capital Reduction

The Group completed a fundraise 
in October 2023 raising £6.1m 
net of transaction costs. The 
funds are being used to support 
capital expenditure in particular 
for the US facility, technology 
development, recruiting 
additional personnel in the US, 
and working capital. In the short 
term we will reduce usage of the 
UK Invoice Financing facility.

As part of the fundraise to enable 
participation of EIS/VCT funds, 
the Group took the opportunity 
with Shareholder support and 
Court approval to undertake a 
capital reduction, reducing the 
share premium by £10,920k 
and adjusting retained earnings 
creating positive retained 
earnings which at the year-end 
for the Group were £1,087k. This 
will help support the Group to 
pay dividends at the appropriate 
time.

2 Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional and adjusted for share-based payments. The business uses this Alternative Performance 
Measure to appropriately measure the underlying business performance, as such it excludes costs associated with non-core activity. Share-based payments 
are added back to make the share-based payment charge clear to stakeholders.  

14

 
 
 
 
 
Cashflow and 
Capital Investment

The increase in the year-end cash 
and cash equivalents position of 
£0.9m to £3.2m (FY22: £2.3m) 
reflects the Company receiving 
net proceeds of £6.1m following 
completion of a fundraise by way 
of a firm placing, EIS/VCT placing 
and retail offer. This has been 
partially offset by the investment 
from Velocity Composites PLC 
to the US subsidiary of £3.1m to 
help finance US operations in 
order to win and start fulfilling the 
contract won in the US.

Losses after tax for the year 
for the Group amounted to 
£3.1m (FY22: £1.3m). Of these 
losses, £1.6m related to the US 
subsidiary.

There was an operating cash 
outflow before working capital 
movements of £1.7m (FY22: 
£0.5m outflow), this being 
attributable to the US start-
up costs. The movements in 
working capital netted to a 
£0.1m outflow in FY23 (FY22: 
£0.3m inflow), and after other 
adjustments for taxation, the final 
cash outflow from operations 
was £1.8m (FY22: £0.3m inflow, 
including tax credits of £0.5m). 

Working capital movements can 
be further analysed as follows: 
There was a positive working 
capital movement through a 
£2.4m increase in trade and other 
payables from suppliers (FY22: 
increase of £1.1m). However, 
this has been offset by a £1.3m 
increase in inventory (FY22: 
increase of £0.5m), largely due 
to the inventory required to meet 
demand in the US and a £1.1m 
increase in trade and other 
receivables due from customers 
(FY22: increase of £0.4m), £1m 
of the increase relates to the US 
outstanding trade debtors at the 
year end. Overall trade receivable 
days were 71 days, compared to 
68 days at the end of FY22.  

A cash outflow from investment 
activities of £2.1m is a 
combination of the purchase of 
property, plant and equipment 
mainly in the US of £1.3m (FY22: 

Cash

CBILS loan

Invoice discounting facility

Net cash

Strategic Report  Financial Review

£0.3m) and an increase in 
intangible assets to support the 
development of the production 
facility in the US of £0.8m (FY22: 
£0.1m).  

In financing facilities £1.3m 
(2022: £1.1m) represents the 
repayment of the CBILS loan, the 
capital element of the Group’s 
lease liabilities and associated 
financing costs. The remaining 
amount represents the fundraise 
net of the transaction costs in 
issuing the ordinary shares.

The Company was in a Net Cash 
position at the end of the year, 
of £1.6m (FY22: £0.2m). This 
includes Cash at Bank, offset by 
the outstanding CBILS balance 
and invoice discounting facility.

31 October
2023
£’000

31 October
2022
£’000

3,178

(1,473)

(68)

1,637

2,344

(2,009)

(175)

160

One of Velocity’s advanced cleanroom manufacturing areas

15

 
Strategic Report  Financial Review

the investment in growth become 
tangible. However, should 
alternative financing be required, 
the Group would preserve cash 
by delaying certain investment 
activities until longer-term funding 
could be implemented, such as 
asset-based financing against 
new capital expenditure or equity 
funding.

Having due regard for these 
recent deliverables and latest 
projections, with available cash 
at 31 October 2023 of £3.2m, an 
invoice discount facility where 
the Group can borrow up to £3m 
dependent on debtor levels, 
access to an invoice discounting 
facility with one of our major 
customers, and continued 
support from our banks and 
shareholders, it is the opinion 
of the Board that the Group has 
adequate resources to continue 
to trade as a going concern.

Andrew Hebb
Interim Chief Financial Officer
22 January 2024

Going Concern

Management continues to 
undertake a significant level 
of cash flow forecasting and 
detailed financial projections 
for the following 24-month 
period to 31 October 2025 have 
been prepared. A number of 
sensitivities have been performed 
to understand the cash flow 
impact of various scenarios and 
even in the most severe down-
side scenario modelled, the 
business had sufficient liquidity 
to continue trading as a going 
concern.

The aerospace sector lends itself 
to long-term planning due to the 
nature and length of customer 
programmes, typically a minimum 
of three years, but often five 
years or more. This has enabled 
the business to fully model the 
period to 31 October 2025 and 
undertake more strategic, longer-
term planning for growth and 
full recovery emerging from the 
pandemic. 

The cash flow forecasts are, 
however, reviewed monthly 
through Management’s Integrated 
Business Planning (IBP) process 
and the assumptions updated 
for any new knowledge to ensure 
there is no change in the Group’s 
liquidity outlook. This is linked in 
with Management’s monthly risk 
review and should the outlook 
change significantly with no 

mitigating actions, the Group’s 
liquidity risk rating on the risk 
register will be adjusted to reflect 
this and subsequently discussed 
at Board level through the Audit 
Committee’s quarterly risk 
register review.

In preparing the latest two-year 
forecasts, Management has 
included revenue projections 
based on current contracted 
demand, the Work Package 
Agreement with GKN in the US,. 
The cost base included in the 
projections is reflective of the 
significant cost reductions that 
took place during Covid to right 
size the Group, but also realistic 
about the investment required to 
implement the growth. 

It is the investment in growth and 
technological advancements 
throughout FY23, which is 
anticipated to continue in FY24, 
that has resulted in the forecasts 
indicating that the Group’s Invoice 
Discounting Facility, secured 
against Trade Debtors, will be 
utilised during certain months 
within the going concern period. 
Whilst this facility is designed 
to be short-term and can be 
withdrawn with 3 months’ notice, 
the latest discussions have 
reflected the Bank’s support for 
Velocity’s growth strategy and 
as such we expect this facility 
will remain available for the 
foreseeable future. Utilisation 
of the facility is forecast to be 
temporary as the benefits from 

Financial Highlights & Group Key Performance Indicators

Revenue 

Gross Margin % 

Adjusted EBITDA3

Cash at Bank

Operating Loss

£16.4m

18.8%

£(1.6)m

£3.2m

£(2.8)m

3 Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptionals and adjusted for share-based payments. The business uses this 
Alternative Performance Measure to appropriately measure the underlying business performance, as such it excludes costs associated with 
non-core activity. Share based payments are added back to make the share-based payment charge clear to stakeholders. Workings are 
provided on p9 of the 2023 Annual Report and Financial Statements.

16

 
Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

The Board is committed to 
managing risk within the 
business and maintains a 
risk register that is kept up 
to date with input from the 
senior management team. The 
Covid-19 pandemic clearly 
had an unprecedented impact 
on the aviation industry in 
the UK and the Board was 
required to quickly re-evaluate 
the business risks as the 
pandemic unfolded.  Velocity 
had to manage a significant 
drop in sales from existing 
contracts by right sizing the 
cost base and working closely 
with customers to understand 
the ongoing demand.  
Management was also focused 
on managing cash flow, but 
mindful of the need for future 
investment to support the 
Company’s growth strategy 
and offering to the market.      

In addition, the Group undertook 
various risk mitigation activities 
which included planning ahead 
to help mitigate supply chain 
disruption; undertaking other 
capacity planning assessments 
with customers and suppliers; 
ensuring any tariff and tax 
changes were fully covered 
in contracts; and liaising with 
Government bodies to prepare 
for the different outcomes which 
may come to pass.

Moving into the post-pandemic 
period, the mitigating activities 
noted above remain extremely 
relevant.  The expansion into 
the US using existing resources 
means that cash flow forecasting 
and capacity planning both 
remain key priorities, whilst 
also becoming familiar with 
trading regulations in a new 
geographical market will bring 
further challenges that the Group 
is looking forward to managing. 

The Board is also conscious of 
the risk of exclusively operating 
in the aerospace sector.  The 
risk is, however, mitigated by 
the strength of the longer-
term outlook from the aircraft 
manufacturers which suggests 
that there will be a 10-fold 
increase (Source: Airbus and 
Boeing Global Market Forecast) 
in the use of composites over 
the next 20 years. The Board is 
reassured by past precedents of 
crises in the industry that have 
not curtailed the underlying trend 
of growth in the market. 

The Group’s principal risks and 
actions to mitigate these risks are 
set out in the table below. These 
are the risks that Management 
feel are most material to the 
business and which might 
prevent the Group from achieving 
its strategic objectives if not 
managed accordingly.

1717

Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

MANAGEMENT 
PRIORITY

IMPACT

MITIGATION

Strategic Risks

Loss of Key 
Contracts

Medium

International 
Expansion

High

The Group nurtures relationships with 
key customers in order to understand 
their business and to identify further 
opportunities to support them. In 
addition to working tirelessly to 
deliver excellent customer service 
levels for the existing business, the 
Group is actively developing its 
pipeline with the aim of securing new 
contracts. Aircraft are increasingly 
being manufactured using composite 
material, a trend that has continued, 
despite the Covid-19 pandemic 
and will only add to the pipeline 
of work. Key to any mitigation is 
that the business operates through 
Long Term Contracts and when 
an initial contractual period comes 
to an end, unless the customer 
invokes the termination clause, the 
supply of product continues on 
the basis of 4-week firm demand 
commitment and 12-month forward 
demand forecast (against which the 
Company places orders on material 
suppliers with purchase order 
cover). Customers are contractually 
committed to any material orders 
within the lead time placed on their 
behalf. The Company’s three biggest 
historic customers were successfully 
renewed during FY21, each for a 
minimum of 3 years. The first large 
US customer contract is for 5 years.

The Group has not only signed the 
Work Package Agreement with GKN 
Aerospace in the United States 
but has seen other international 
customers actively engage. 
Management is therefore taking a 
measured approach by investing 
in the first production facility in the 
Southeast USA region and expansion 
into other markets (i.e. Europe) 
will be timed to manage the risks 
around cash flow, management time 
and bandwidth. In addition, any 
site development will be supported 
with contractual commitments from 
customers prior to any significant 
financial commitment by Velocity.

The aerospace sector 
has a concentration 
of very large primary 
aircraft manufacturers 
and Tier 1 suppliers.  
These form the core of 
the Group’s customer 
base.  The loss of 
any of the Group’s 
major contracts with 
these large customers 
may have a material 
impact on the 
business, prospects, 
financial condition, 
or operations. 
Management have 
been particularly 
wary of this during 
the current period of 
significant upheaval in 
the aerospace sector.

As evidenced by the 
announcement of 
the Work Package 
Agreement with GKN 
Aerospace in the United 
States, the Group’s 
strategy is to expand 
into new markets that 
cannot be serviced 
from the Company’s 
UK production facilities. 
The successful 
implementation 
in Tallassee could 
lead to further 
plants servicing the 
geographical clusters 

18

 
 
 
 
Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

MANAGEMENT 
PRIORITY

IMPACT

MITIGATION

Strategic Risks 
(cont)

International 
Expansion

High

Winning a Large 
Customer Contract

Medium

Sustainability 
Credentials

Low

(Cont)

(Cont)

across the USA, with 
further international 
opportunities. In 
addition, new business 
development in Europe 
could offer up the need 
for a production unit. 
International expansion 
has inherent risks, along 
with potential delays in 
setting up new facilities.

The winning of additional 
large customer contracts 
could absorb the 
capacity headroom 
and lead to supply 
issues if not closely 
managed. It could also 
be a distraction to 
Management.

The Group recognises 
the importance of trading 
as a sustainable and 
socially responsible 
organisation and 
the impact on the 
environment of not 
putting in place 
measures that will help it 
to do so.

19

Optimising the performance of 
the production units by working 
on efficiency improvements, 
utilising space more effectively 
and scheduling the work in the 
most efficient way is a key target 
for the business. In addition, the 
Group manages the on-boarding 
of individual projects to ensure 
timely First Article Inspection (FAI) 
and ramp up of production to meet 
the agreed customer timelines. 
Technological investments will 
also make a difference. The Group 
currently has capacity and a good 
structure of Executive and second 
line management to support 
additional demand but has recruited 
accordingly to ensure the Work 
Package Agreement with GKN 
Aerospace in the US is a success.

Management believes this a low 
risk, with Velocity’s offering naturally 
supporting an increasingly green 
agenda. The Group minimises 
waste of composite material 
throughout the supply chain and 
recycles material which cannot be 
utilised, often something customers 
are unable to focus on. In addition, 
operating in the composite sector 
naturally supports many green or 
alternative energy sectors, such 
as electric vehicles, wind power 
and hydrogen cell production. The 

 
 
Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

MANAGEMENT 
PRIORITY

IMPACT

MITIGATION

Strategic Risks 
(cont)

(Cont)

(Cont)

Sustainability 
credentials

Low

Company also has adopted an 
EV car scheme and offers on-site 
charging at its Burnley facilities for 
employees, supported by green 
energy generated through its 
on-premises solar panels. Further 
recognising the importance of 
operating sustainably, the Board 
has introduced a Sustainability 
Committee, chaired by a Non-
executive Director, to identify 
additional methods of promoting 
sustainability throughout the 
business. 

Research and 
Development

Low

The Company invests in 
R&D projects in order to 
develop innovative new 
products. 

R&D projects are reviewed by 
the Board and development 
opportunities are carefully reviewed 
by management at various stages to 
minimise any potential losses.

Exclusively 
Operating in the 
Aerospace Sector

Medium

Insufficient demand in the 
sector and particularly in 
the civil aerospace sector 
due to disruption such as 
the Covid-19 pandemic.

Risk is mitigated by the strength of 
the longer-term outlook of aircraft 
manufacturers which forecast that 
aircraft numbers will double in the 
next 20 years, with new aircraft being 
made using a much higher carbon 
fibre content. Though the Covid-19 
pandemic did not have a long term 
impact on the underlying growth 
trends in the aerospace market. 
The Company has also started to 
develop more of its customer base 
around military aerospace which 
has proven to be more robust during 
the pandemic. Given the strength of 
the civil and military aerospace, the 
Company will diversify into defence 
given the substantial demand in this 
area before investing in new sectors at 
this stage.

20

 
 
 
Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

MANAGEMENT 
PRIORITY

IMPACT

MITIGATION

Operational Risks
Dependence on 
Third Party Supply

Low

Cyber Security

Medium

Reliance on  
Key Individuals

Medium

The Group’s business 
depends on products 
and services provided 
by third parties. Any 
interruption to the supply 
of products or services 
by third parties, problems 
maintaining quality 
standards and delivering 
product to specification, 
or problems in upgrading 
such products or 
services, the Company’s 
business will be adversely 
affected. Appropriate 
stock levels must be 
maintained to meet 
customer contractual 
requirements. 

With an ever-increasing 
number of reported data 
leaks and ransomware 
events, there is a growing 
risk of cyber attack in 
today’s society. With the 
sensitive data used by 
Velocity and the growth 
strategy projected, this 
will become increasingly 
prominent.

The success of the 
Group will depend largely 
upon the expertise and 
relationships of the 
Board and other senior 
employees. The loss of 
any of the key individuals 
could impact the Group’s 
ability to deliver its 
strategic goals.

The Group manages its relationships 
with suppliers through the commercial 
and operational teams. Many products 
are single sourced for Airplane frames, 
the product type being defined by 
the customer. Orders are placed 
according to the supplier delivery 
schedule, paid for on time and 
contractual buffer stocks maintained. 
Our rigorous forecasting processes 
allow us to identify shortages in 
supply early and where lead times are 
extended beyond our control, three-
way discussions are actively sought 
out early between Velocity, the end 
customer and the material supplier to 
resolve. 

Management regularly reviews the 
strength of the IT infrastructure within 
the business and undertakes third 
party audits to reinforce this. Through 
a combination of encryption, regular 
backups, firewalls and limited third 
party access points the current 
structure is deemed secure.

Salary and benefit levels are 
competitive and reviewed on a regular 
basis, with bonus and equity schemes 
to reward longer term performance. 
Annual performance reviews and 
development plans are carried 
out throughout the organisation 
whilst operational staff are also 
benchmarked regularly to ensure 
Velocity remains an attractive place to 
work, with compensation reflective of 
a high-value manufacturer.

21

 
 
Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

MANAGEMENT 
PRIORITY

IMPACT

MITIGATION

Price Inflation

High

Significant levels of 
inflation may adversely 
impact the performance of 
the Group.

Material price changes are 
contractually passed through from 
the supplier to the customer. Labour 
cost inflation is being added to all 
new contracts as an automatic annual 
increase. All other inflation must be 
considered, and prices re-negotiated 
with the customer where appropriate.

Financial and 
Compliance Risks   

Foreign Exchange 
Risk

Medium

There is an approved Treasury policy 
which is managed and monitored by 
the Chief Financial Officer. However, 
the Group will look to naturally hedge 
wherever possible, matching foreign 
currency revenue with purchases of 
the same currency.    

In addition, short term cash flow 
forecasts highlight future surplus 
or shortfalls in foreign currency, 
allowing funding levels to be managed 
accordingly. 

As the Group purchases 
and sells products on a 
global basis, it is exposed 
to gains and losses linked 
to movements in the US 
Dollar and Euro foreign 
exchange rates. Group 
policy is to naturally 
hedge wherever possible. 
These exposures will 
increase with international 
expansion, particularly 
with the US Dollar to 
Sterling exchange rate. A 
weaker US Dollar would 
be expected to reduce 
profits and cash flows, 
and vice-versa for a 
weaker pound Sterling.

22

 
 
Strategic Report  Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

MANAGEMENT 
PRIORITY

IMPACT

MITIGATION

Preparation of detailed cash flow 
forecasts allow the Group to 
understand the financial position 
both now and, in the future, and can 
be used to mitigate the risk of there 
being insufficient funds available. 
The forecasts are kept up to date 
and reflect the latest views on sales, 
purchases and facilities available.  
Scenario analysis is also carried out to 
understand the liquidity implications 
should performance be favourable 
or adverse to forecast. Moving 
into FY2024 and financing the US 
growth through existing resources 
will continue to be one of the key 
challenges facing the business.

Ultimately the Company has access 
to both debt and equity financing and 
the listing on the AIM market helps 
provide access to equity finance if 
significant growth requires further 
significant investment. The fundraise 
in FY2023 has added significant cash 
resources to the Company.

The Group’s trade receivables relate to 
amounts owed by aerospace supply 
chain companies who, by their nature, 
are large. Given the size and stability 
of its core receivables, together with 
the procedures in place to follow up 
any overdue debts, the Directors do 
not believe that the credit risk to the 
Group is significant.

The Group seeks to manage its 
interest rate risk through minimising 
exposure wherever possible and 
regularly reviewing interest rates 
available in the marketplace.

Liquidity Risk

High

Insufficient cash to meet 
the needs of the business 
in near or long term.

Credit Risk

Low

Unable to collect 
due receivables from 
customers.

Interest Rate Risk

Low

Ability to minimise 
exposure.

23

 
 
Governance  Statement of Corporate Governance

Statement of Corporate Governance

All members of the Board 
believe strongly in the value 
and importance of good 
corporate governance and 
in our accountability to all 
of Velocity’s stakeholders, 
including investors, staff, 
customers and suppliers. 
The Board has adopted the 
Quoted Companies Alliance 
(QCA) Corporate Governance 
Code. The Board believes 
that the QCA Code is most 
appropriate for the size, risks, 
complexity and operations 
of the Group. Details of the 
Group’s compliance with the 
ten principles of the Code are 
set out here:

manufacturers can also reduce 
costs and free up internal 
resources to focus on their core 
business. Velocity has significant 
potential for expansion, both in 
the UK and abroad, including 
into new market areas, such 
as wind energy and electric 
vehicles, where the demand for 
composites is expected to grow.

The core focus has 
predominantly been in the 
aerospace industry and the 
customer arrangements are 
almost exclusively based on 
long-term contracts, typically 
for a 3-to-5-year period. The 
Group’s strategy and business 
model are included in the 
strategic report section of our 
Annual Report, along with key 
performance indicators set out in 
the Financial Review to measure 
growth and profitability.  

1.  Establish a strategy 
and business model which 
promotes long-term value 
for the shareholders

Velocity’s strategy is to be the 
leading supplier of composite 
material kits to aerospace 
and other high-performance 
manufacturers, that reduce costs 
and improve sustainability. 

Velocity manufactures advanced 
composite material kits for use 
in the production of carbon 
fibre composite parts for 
aerospace and other high-
performance manufacturers, 
such as automotive OEM’s, and 
pioneers of renewable energy 
applications. There has been a 
step-change in the use of carbon 
fibre in aircraft as manufacturers 
look to reduce aircraft weight and 
improve their efficiency to deliver 
greater sustainability. By using 
Velocity’s proprietary technology, 

24

 
Governance  Statement of Corporate Governance

maternity. Employees are kept 
up to date with the performance 
of the business through periodic 
briefings whilst all members 
of staff are encouraged to 
participate in the annual 
engagement survey and the 
feedback acted upon.    

Industry Bodies 
Velocity is a member of industry 
bodies such as Northwest 
Aerospace Alliance (‘NWAA’) 
and the National Aerospace and 
Defence Contractors (‘NADCAP’) 
which are influential in how the 
Group is perceived by clients. 

Community 
The Group actively participates 
in the community and in 
apprenticeships and other 
schemes to provide opportunities 
for young people, such as 
T-Levels for BTEC Engineering 
students and Work Experience. 
We are firm believers in 
supporting the local economies in 
which we operate and therefore 
always look to employ local 
people, having been awarded 
membership to the Lancashire 
Skills and Employment Hub as a 
business dedicated to supporting 
local skills and development. 
Velocity also operates within 
the Enterprise Advisor Network, 
supporting the development 
of the future generation of 
employees to ensure we are an 
employer of choice for the future.

2.  Seek to understand and 
meet shareholder needs and 
expectations

Under the current Board 
structure, Velocity engages 
in regular dialogue with its 
shareholders through a 
structured Investor Relations 
programme. The Group 
seeks to provide effective 
communications through the 
Interim and Annual Reports, as 
well as regular trading updates 
through Regulatory News Service 
announcements. Information 
is also made available to 
shareholders through the 
Group’s website (www.velocity-
composites.com). 

The Board offers to meet with 
those institutional and major 
private investors that wish to 
do so at least twice a year 
following the announcement of 
results. These meetings include 
a presentation of the latest 
financial performance, a wider 
business update and discussion 
of the longer-term plan. These 
meetings are normally attended 
by the Chairman, Chief Executive 
Officer and Interim (non-Board) 
Chief Financial Officer. The 
presentation given at these 
meetings is also made available 
on the Company’s website.  

Engagement with other key 
shareholders is also welcomed, 
with the Directors and other 
executives meeting both private 
and institutional shareholders 
from time to time. The Annual 
General Meeting presents 
a further opportunity for all 
shareholders to meet the Board 
and other senior managers from 
across the business.

3.  Take into account wider 
stakeholder and social 
responsibilities and their 
implications for long-term 
success

The Board and senior 
management seek to engage 
with all stakeholders including 
employees, customers, suppliers, 
shareholders, industry bodies 
and local communities in a way 
to promote the longer-term 
success of the business. 

The main mechanisms for wider 
stakeholder engagement and 
feedback can be summarised as 
follows:

Customers 
Dedicated staff in the businesses 
are responsible for customer 
relationships. In addition, 
the technical support and 
development teams will regularly 
engage with customers as a 
fundamental part of delivering 
ongoing services.  Through 
these well-established channels, 
Velocity seeks to ensure that the 
needs of its customers are fully 
understood so that the Group 
is well positioned to initiate 
appropriate actions in response.

Suppliers 
The third-party supply base can 
be the key to the success of 
the Velocity business.  As such, 
there are processes in place 
within the business to actively 
manage supplier relationships in 
the normal course of business, 
taking appropriate feedback and 
developing actions as necessary.

Employees 
Velocity is an equal opportunity 
employer regardless of race, 
religion, gender, age, disability, 
sexual orientation, gender 
reassignment, marriage and civil 
partnership and pregnancy and 

25

 
 
    
Governance  Statement of Corporate Governance

process and recommends 
any new significant risks 
are referred to the Board for 
consideration; 

•  Full appraisals and appropriate 
levels of authorisation of new 
contracts entered into, whether 
these be sales contracts, 
contracts related to research 
and development, operating or 
capital expenditure; 

•  Dual signatories on all bank 
accounts to safeguard the 
assets of the business.

4.  Embed effective risk 
management, considering 
both opportunities and threats, 
throughout the organisation

The Board recognises that it 
has overall responsibility for 
ensuring the Group has in place 
a system of internal control 
that allows it to manage risk 
accordingly. The system does 
not prevent the Group from 
considering opportunities for 
growth but takes a balanced 
approach, safeguarding the 
assets of the business and 
providing reasonable assurance 
regarding compliance with laws 
and regulations. The system 
of internal control is therefore 
designed to manage rather than 
eliminate the risk and is prevalent 
across all areas of the business.  

The Board performs a regular 
review of the effectiveness of 
the system of internal control 
and takes action as necessary 
to remedy any significant failings 
or weaknesses identified in the 
review. Some of the key internal 
controls in place include the 
following:

•  An ongoing assessment to 

identify, evaluate and manage 
business risks; 

•  A Management structure with 
clearly defined responsibilities 
and authority limits; 

•  A comprehensive process of 
reporting financial results to 
the Board; 

•  An Audit Committee that 

reviews the effectiveness of 
the Group’s risk management 

26
26

 
 
5.  Maintain the Board as a 
well-functioning, balanced 
team led by the chair

At the date of this report the 
Board comprises the Chairman, 
Chief Executive Officer, Interim 
(non-Board) Chief Financial 
Officer and two Non-Executive 
Directors. 

The Chairman has overall 
responsibility for corporate 
governance and in promoting 
high standards throughout the 
Group. He leads and chairs 
the Board, ensuring that the 
committees are properly 
structured and reviewed on 
a regular basis, leads in the 
development of strategy and 
setting objectives, and oversees 
communication between the 
Group and its shareholders. 

The Board meets on a regular 
(usually monthly) basis to deal 
with matters reserved for its 
decision. These include agreeing 
and monitoring strategic 
plans and financial targets, 
major decisions on resource, 
overseeing management of the 
Group and ensuring processes 
are in place to manage major 
risks, treasury matters, changes 
in accounting policy, corporate 
governance issues, litigation and 
reporting to shareholders.

The monthly Board meetings 
have a regular agenda with 
standing items of Health 
and Safety, HR and People, 
Chief Commercial & Supply 
Chain Officer report, Chief 
Programmes Officer report, Chief 
Financial Officer report and the 
management accounts. This 
enables the Board to discharge 
its duties with all Directors 
receiving appropriate and timely 
information and with briefing 
papers circulated to all Directors 
in advance of the meetings.

Governance  Statement of Corporate Governance

Nomination Committee 
The Nomination Committee has 
three members, Andrew Beaden 
(Chair), Annette Rothwell and 
David Bailey. The Nomination 
Committee meets as required 
and is responsible for proposing 
candidates for appointment to the 
Board, as well as advising on the 
structure and composition of the 
Board and succession planning.  

Executive Committee 
The Executive Committee 
handles the implementation of 
the Group strategy on behalf 
of the Board. The Committee 
comprises of four members, 
one of which is an Executive 
Directors. It focuses on the long-
term vision and strategy for the 
Group.  Primary responsibilities 
include the oversight of the 
development, maintenance and 
implementation of the strategy, 
management of the overall 
financial results for 
the Group, directing 
operational management 
and managing 
shareholder, corporate 
governance and growth.

There are two formal Board 
committees that meet 
independently of Board meetings 
and one additional Executive 
management committee:

Audit Committee 
The Audit Committee currently 
has three members, Andrew 
Beaden (Chair), David Bailey and 
Annette Rothwell. The Interim 
(non Board) Chief Financial 
Officer and external auditor 
attend by invitation. The Audit 
Committee responsibilities 
include the review of the scope, 
results and effectiveness of the 
external audit, the review of the 
Interim and Annual accounts, 
and the review of the Group’s 
risk management and internal 
control systems. The Audit 
Committee advises the Board on 
the appointment of the external 
auditors and monitors their 
performance. 

Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee 
has three members, Annette 
Rothwell (Chair), Andrew 
Beaden and David Bailey. 
The Committee is responsible 
for setting the remuneration 
arrangements, short term bonus 
and long-term incentives for the 
Executive Directors and senior 
management. In addition, the 
committee oversees the creation 
and implementation of all 
employee share plans.  

27

 
 
Governance  Statement of Corporate Governance

A summary of the attendance at board and committee meetings by the directors who served during the year is 
set out below.

No Meetings in Year

Andrew Beaden 

Adam Holden*

Jonathan Bridges

Chris Williams**

Annette Rothwell

David Bailey

Board 
Meetings

Audit 
Committee

Remuneration 
Committee

Nomination 
Committee

11

11

7

11

2

11

11

4

4

N/a

N/a

N/a

4

4

2

2

N/a

N/a

N/a

2

2

2

2

N/a

N/a

N/a

1

1

Committee

Audit 

Remuneration 

Nominations

Andrew 
Beaden

Chair

Member

Chair

Jonathan   
Bridges

Chris 
Williams

Adam  
Holden

Annette  
Rothwell

N/a

N/a

N/a

N/a

N/a

N/a

N/a

N/a

N/a

Member

Chair

Member

David  
Bailey

Member

Member

Member

*appointed as a Director 7 December 2022 resigned as a Director 23 August 2023
**resigned as Director 7 December 2022  
N/a - indicates that a director was not a member of a particular committee

Non-members are invited to attend committees as appropriate.

been set objectives that are 
relevant to the Group’s current 
position and performance 
against these objectives will 
be monitored as the year 
progresses.

6.  Ensure that between 
them the directors 
have the necessary up-
to-date experience, 
skills and capabilities  

Details on each of the directors, 
and their respective roles within 
the Company, are set out on 
pages 30 to 31 of this report.

7.  Evaluate board performance 
based upon clear and 
relevant objectives, seeking 
continuous improvement

Whilst the restrictions imposed 
by the Covid-19 pandemic have 
been lifted and the focus of 
the Board returns to delivering 
growth for Velocity, the Board 
also recognises that some 
of the key challenges and 
practices entered into during the 
pandemic (for example, cash flow 
forecasting) remain the same. 
With this in mind, the new and 
existing Board members have 

28

 
 
 
 
Governance  Statement of Corporate Governance

running the business. The Board 
has formal responsibilities 
and agendas and three sub-
committees; in addition, strong 
informal relations are maintained 
between Executive and Non-
executive Directors. 

Non-executive Directors meet 
with other senior managers 
and give advice and assistance 
between meetings. 

The Chairman, Chief Executive 
Officer and the Chief Financial 
Officer make presentations to 
institutional shareholders and 
analysts each year following the 
release of interim and full year 
results. They also attend retail 
shareholder events. The slides 
used for such presentations are 
made available on the Group’s 
website under the ‘Reports and 
Presentations’ section. They also 
meet regularly with the Group’s 
Nomad/broker and discuss any 
shareholder feedback, following 
which, the Board is briefed 
accordingly. 

All Directors attend the Annual 
General Meeting and engage 
both formally and informally with 
shareholders during and after the 
meeting. The results of voting at 
the AGM are communicated to 
shareholders via RNS and on the 
Group’s website. 

Andrew Beaden 
Chairman 
22 January 2024

8.  Promote a culture 
that is based on ethical 
values and behaviour

with the highest personal, 
professional and ethical 
standards.

Our long-term growth is 
underpinned by our seven core 
values:

i)   We place our staff first, 

putting ourselves in their 
shoes to understand the 
current and future needs of 
those who work with us.

ii)   We value our customers 
determining how to 
anticipate their current and 
future needs and how to 
exceed their expectations.

iii)  We place importance on our 

suppliers and pay invoices 
on a timely basis, are clear 
in negotiations and have an 
ongoing dialogue.

iv)  We communicate with our 
shareholders and explain 
our strategy clearly and the 
challenges Velocity faces.

v)  We are team players who 
recognise that Velocity is 
worth much more than the 
sum of its parts and we are 
committed to learning from 
one another.

vi)  We are committed to 

innovation in what we do 
and how we do it, and to 
working smarter rather than 
harder to reduce costs, 
increase efficiency and help 
aircraft parts’ manufacturers 
to increase build rates.

vii)  We respect one another 

and are courteous, honest 
and straightforward in all 
our dealings. We honour 
diversity, individuality 
and personal differences, 
and are committed to 
conducting our business 

The culture of the Group is 
characterised by these values 
which are communicated 
regularly to staff through 
internal communications and 
forums. The core values are also 
communicated to prospective 
employees in the Group’s 
recruitment programmes and 
are considered as part of the 
selection process.

The Board believes that a culture 
based on the seven core values 
is a competitive advantage and 
consistent with fulfilment of the 
Group’s mission and execution of 
its strategy. It is the responsibility 
of the Executive Management 
Committee to evaluate how the 
Company might better achieve 
these objectives, and report to 
the Board on a regular basis.

9.  Maintain governance 
structures and processes 
that are fit for purpose and 
support good decision-
making by the board

Details of the governance 
structures and processes 
adopted by the Group are set out 
on the website (www.velocity-
composites.com). 

10. Communicate how the 
Company is governed and is 
performing by maintaining a 
dialogue with shareholders and 
other relevant stakeholders 

The Board believes that 
corporate governance is more 
than just a set of guidelines; 
rather it is a framework which 
underpins the core values for 

29

 
 
 
 
 
Board of Directors

Andrew Beaden  
Chairman 
Andrew was appointed Non-
Executive Chairman of Velocity 
in July 2019. From 2011 to 2017, 
Andrew Beaden served as Group 
Finance Director and a member of 
the Board of Luxfer Holding plc, a 
developer and producer of highly 
engineered advanced materials, 
having joined its predecessor 
British Aluminium in 1997. Luxfer 
(LXFR) is listed on the New York 
Stock Exchange. Andrew is a co-
founder and Chairman of IN4.0 
Group Limited, a digital training 
Company, encouraging business 
growth and skills development 
through the use of Industry 4.0 
technologies.

Andrew is a Fellow Chartered 
Accountant, having trained 
with KPMG, holds a degree in 
economics and econometrics 
from Nottingham University and 
is a Fellow of the RSA (Royal 
Society for the Encouragement 
of the Arts, Manufactures and 
Commerce).

Andrew is the current Chair of the 
Audit Committee.

Jonathan Bridges  
Chief Executive Officer 
Jonathan co-founded Velocity 
Composites in October 2007. 
Jonathan has over 31 years’ 
experience within the advanced 
composites industry and is 
an experienced composite 
engineer. Previously, Jonathan 
was an Aerospace and Lean 
Solutions Specialist at Cytec 
Process Materials where he 
was responsible for direct sales 
support of UK and European 
based clients.

From 2003 to 2005 Jonathan 
was a Manufacturing Engineer 
for Safran Nacelles where he was 
responsible for the manufacturing 
function for a growing, highly 
loaded aerospace unit supplying 
multiple assembly lines. Jonathan 
was re-appointed to the Board 
as an Executive Director in July 
2019.

Jonathan has a BSc in Materials 
Science from Coventry University 
and is a Director of the North 
West Aerospace Alliance. 

Governance  Board of Directors

Annette Rothwell 
Independent  
Non-executive Director 
Annette joined Velocity in March 
2022 as a Non-Executive Director 
and is Chair of the Remuneration 
Committee.  Annette has 
extensive experience in industries 
undergoing transformational 
change. Annette is a proven 
executive leader in General 
Management, Procurement 
and Supply Chain, Operational 
Excellence (CI) and Project 
Management working with senior 
stakeholders including regional 
and national government.

Since 2006, Annette has served 
in executive roles supporting 
CEOs within a number of global 
companies including FTSE100 
listed Aerospace & Defence 
companies. Annette has 
experience in and around supply 
chains and has been responsible 
for procurement and supply chain 
activity, operational improvement 
across multiple companies and 
multiple cultures. Since 2011, 
Annette has served as a director 
on the board of the Midlands 
Aerospace Alliance, the regional 
body for the Aerospace, Defence 
and Security industry.

(l-r) Annette Rothwell,  
Andrew Hebb,  
Jonathan Bridges, 
Andrew Beaden,
David Bailey

30
30

  
 
Governance  Board of Directors

Adam Holden  
Group Finance Director 
(resigned 23 August 2023)
Adam joined as Group Finance 
Director and Company Secretary 
in December 2022.  

In his previous role, Adam was 
Group Financial Controller at 
Bright Blue Foods (“BBF”), 
a multi-site manufacturer of 
ambient cakes and other baked 
goods. Adam has also worked as 
Financial Controller at Northern 
Rail although began his career 
at KPMG where he qualified as a 
Chartered Accountant. 

David has a PhD in Gas 
Turbine Aerodynamics and 
an Aeronautical Engineering 
degree both from Loughborough 
University. David was made a 
Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical 
Society for services to the North 
West’s Aerospace Industry in 
2017.

Andrew Hebb  
Interim Chief Financial Officer 
(Company Secretary) 
Andrew has been a professional 
interim CFO for several AIM 
quoted and private companies 
across a range of sectors 
since 2009. Prior to that, as 
CFO, Andrew helped build 
Hedra Plc into a major public 
sector consulting business and 
managed the sale process in 
2008. He has held CFO and 
operational roles in other major 
UK companies. Andrew is a 
qualified Fellow Chartered 
Management Accountant.

David Bailey 
Independent  
Non-executive Director 
Joining as a Non-executive 
Director in June 2022, David is 
an experienced executive with 
extensive management and 
technical expertise developed 
across the aerospace and power 
generation industries. He has 
contributed to the strategic 
direction of the UK’s aerospace 
industry and cross-sector 
composites sector as a Board 
member of the Aerospace Growth 
Partnership and Composites 
Leadership Forum. He is a 
renowned aerospace supply 
chain specialist and has worked 
with the senior management 
teams of over 100 aerospace and 
defence suppliers.

Since February 2020, David has 
been the CEO of Composites UK, 
the trade association for the UK 
composites industry with over 
360 member companies. David 
formed Aerospace Consulting 
Limited in February 2020 to 
specialise in developing and 
delivering high-level consultancy 
projects in the aerospace 
industry. Prior to establishing 
Aerospace Consulting, David 
was Chief Executive of the North 
West Aerospace Alliance (NWAA), 
the regional trade association 
for the aerospace and defence 
industry in the North West of 
England between 2005 and 2020. 
The NWAA is one of the largest 
aerospace clusters in the world, 
representing over 240 aerospace 
member companies (including 
organisations such as Airbus, 
BAE Systems, Brookhouse 
Aerospace, MBDA Missile 
Systems, Rolls-Royce, Safran, 
Senior Aerospace and Teledyne 
CML Composites).

31
31

Governance Executives & Senior Management

Executive Team

Matthew Archer 

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Matthew joined the Company as 
Chief Commercial Officer in February 
2017 bringing extensive experience 
of the Defence and Aerospace 
sectors having worked for several 
of the world’s leading companies in 
those industries. Matthew previously 
worked for GKN Aerospace where 
he led the introduction of a global 
strategy for composite procurement 
across Europe, North America and 

Asia. Prior to this Matthew worked at 
Defence industry prime contractors 
and the UK Ministry of Defence.

In October 2020 Matthew’s role 
expanded to that of Commercial 
and Supply Chain Director giving 
Matthew accountability for the 
Company’s Contractual, Supply 
Chain and Quality Assurance 
matters.

James Eastbury 

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James leads a team of technically 
skilled Programme Managers 
and New Business Engineers 
in developing and executing 
comprehensive multi-level plans of 
engagement with all of Velocity’s 
customers. He is responsible for the 
expansion of all of Velocity’s revenue 
with existing and new customers 
within all territories and future 
markets.

James has over 12 years’ experience 
in the aerospace sector, previously 
with Solvay Composite Materials, the 
advanced materials and speciality 
chemicals company, where he held a 
number of roles. Most notable as Key 
Account Manager for Airbus.

Kevin Hickey 

Kevin re-joined the Company in July 
2023. He was previously the Site 
Leader for the VC Fareham Facility 
from January 2017 to December 
2020. 

Kevin has over 40 years’ experience 
in the Aerospace sector, a degree 
in Business Management and held 
senior management position within 

Operations, Engineering, Quality and 
Sourcing. He is currently responsible 
for the harmonising of all our facilities 
worldwide ensuring VC maximise 
their effectiveness in the supply 
chain.

32
32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance Executives & Senior Management

Senior Management Team

Sheldon Atherton 

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knowledge and experience through 
Production, Systems Integration, 
Quality and Supply Chain.

Sheldon has been a member 
of the Velocity team since 2008 
and has played a significant role 
in establishing the production 
processes, IT systems and the 
Quality Management System. 

Sheldon is homegrown through the 
Velocity leadership development 
programme, developing his skills, 

Lee Berry 

Lee Joined in December 2023 
as Manufacturing Manager and 
brings with him over 18 years of 
management experience within the 
composites industry delivering strong 
leadership, process improvement, 
high quality, and operational 
excellence.  

Previous positions have provided the 
opportunity to hone skills in project 
management; staff development; 
training; health & safety; Quality 
management systems; reducing 
costs; adhering to procedures; 
customer service; problem-solving; 
relationship management.

Paul Britton 

Paul joined the Company in 
September 2023. Paul has over 38 
years’ experience in the Aerospace 
industry. Previously he has been 
involved in the manufacturing process 
for the following projects Boeing 737, 
Dash 8, A350 Wing Panels & Hawk 
Canopy/Windscreen.

Paul, oversees the Safety, Quality, 
Cost, Delivery & People management 
system in Fareham, striving to meet 
Metric/KPI targets set.

Amy Heap

Amy has a CIPD Level 5 Diploma in 
HR Management and is a member of 
the CIPD association.

Amy joined Velocity in October 
2022, bringing with her over 6 years’ 
experience from varied roles in HR. 
Amy has previously worked in many 
industries including the Educational, 
Health and Social Care and 
Manufacturing sectors, responsible 
for leading and directing all aspects 
of the Human Resource function. 

33
33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance Executives & Senior Management

Senior Management Team

Katie Kininmonth 

Katie joined Velocity in August 2020, 
Katie has 19 years’ experience in 
Finance beginning her career at a top 
10 international firm and going on to 
work in a number of large retail and 
manufacturing businesses, Katie has 
previous PLC experience.

team, preparation of the financial 
information working alongside the 
Chief Financial Officer to complete 
the Statutory and regulatory 
reporting for the business and a 
key contact for internal and external 
stakeholders.

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Katie is responsible for the 
management of the finance 

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Daniel McNamara 

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Daniel joined Velocity in 2018 and 
has nearly a decade of experience 
operating within high-level composite 
supply chains. Daniel began his 
career completing a planning and 
supply apprenticeship at Gurit, 
a distinguished manufacturer 
and global supplier of advanced 
composite materials. 

Leading the global Planning and 
Supply Chain Team, Daniel is 
responsible for managing sustained 
customer interface and demand, 
and the business’s global supply 
base, with responsibilities including 
both indirect and direct procurement 
activities across all three Velocity 
sites, ensuring operational 
enablement and adherence to agreed 
contractual requirements. 

Max Page 

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such as data handling and FAI. Max 
is excited to be part of such a crucial 
time for Velocity’s growth and is keen 
to put the engineering department at 
the leading edge of this growth.

Max joined Velocity in 2021 as 
a Customer Project Engineer at 
the Fareham facility. Previously 
experienced in aircraft fuel systems, 
Velocity was his first exposure to 
composites. 

Max leads the customer projects half 
of Velocity’s engineering function. 
Responsible for engineering process 
needed to transfer work into Velocity 

Shoaib Tahir 

Shoaib joined Velocity in April 2023, 
bringing with him years of experience 
in finance across engineering & 
manufacturing industries, with a key 
focus on commercial development 
& implementation. Shoaib previously 
worked as the Group Financial 
Controller at National Floorcoverings, 
where he was responsible for 
developing and executing key 
business strategies for both the short 

& long term while improving margin 
performance across the group. He is 
responsible for the financial planning 
& analysis to drive operational 
efficiencies and navigate the business 
through the growth while achieving 
forecasted budgets, in addition to 
meeting stakeholder expectations.
Shoaib is a Member of the 
Association of Chartered Certified 
Accountants (ACCA)

34
34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance Executives & Senior Management

Senior Management Team

Andy Caunce 

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Andy joined Velocity in October 2022 
as Head of Operations and brings 
with him many years of experience 
in both Manufacturing and Utilities 
sectors. A strong leader with a 
background in Quality Management 
and Operational delivery which he 
developed whilst working for BAE 
SYSTEMS and United Utilities.  

Andy has teams covering multiple 
sites and will drive efficiencies and 
improvements across all the Safety, 
Quality, Cost, Delivery and People 
measures within the operations 
teams.  

US Subsidiary 

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Byeong Kim 

Byeong joined Velocity in September 
2022 as the first US subsidiary 
employee originally as an Engineer.

Byeong has been awarded the US 
Site Lead position through strong 
mentorship and dedication. He is 
currently working alongside the Chief 
Operations Officer to establish a 
strong team and build out the facility.

35
35

 
 
 
 
 
Governance  Directors’ Report

Directors’ Report

The  directors  present  their  report  and  the  audited  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  
31 October 2023. 

Principal activities

Capital structure

Dividends

The Group is a provider of 
engineered composite material 
kits to the aerospace industry.

Review of business and future 
developments

The Board has continued the 
development of the business, 
as referenced in the Financial 
Review on pages 14 to 16 and is 
pleased with the progress made 
in the past year.

Financial risk management

Details of the Board’s approach 
to financial risk management can 
be found in the principal risks 
review on pages 17 to 23.

Details of the Company’s share 
capital, together with details 
of the movements, are set out 
in note 23 to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements. The 
Company has one class of 
Ordinary Share which carry no 
right to fixed income.

Research and development

The Group continued to invest 
in research and development, in 
order to extend its geographical 
reach and improve the 
effectiveness of its technology.  
During the year the Group 
capitalised development costs of 
£833,000 (2022: £136,000) in-
line with the Group’s accounting 
policy. 

There were no dividends 
proposed or paid in the year 
(2022: £Nil).

Political donations

No political donations were made 
during the year (2022: £Nil).

Basis of preparation of the 
financial statements

The consolidated financial 
statements of Velocity 
Composites plc have been 
prepared in accordance with 
UK-adopted international 
accounting standards and 
International Financial Reporting 
Interpretations Committee 
(IFRIC). Further details are 
provided in note 2 to the financial 
statements.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors

The Directors who held office during the year and up to the date of this report, 
along  with  their  direct  interest  in  the  shares  of  the  Company  at  31  October 
2023 were as follows:

Jonathan Karl Bridges 
Andrew Beaden  
Chris Williams (resigned 7 December 2022) 
Annette Rothwell
David Bailey
Adam Holden (resigned 23 August 2023)

4  Includes 50,000 shares in the name of Mrs S Beaden

Governance  Directors’ Report

At 
31 October
2023

%
Shareholding

5,515,929
568,475 4 
-
-
-
-

10.33%
1.06%
-
-
-
-

The table above does not include shares held under options, via the Company’s employee share option arrangements, which include 
share options under a salary sacrifice plan, were Director’s and senior management swap part of their base salaries for an equity interest 
in the Company. Total shares held under these plans for Directors was 259,309 shares as at 31 October 2023. 

Going concern

The Group has prepared 
base and sensitised financial 
projections for the next two 
years. The forecasts include 
revenue projections based on 
current demand, the newly signed 
Work Package Agreement with 
GKN in the US, plus a weighting 
of opportunities in the pipeline. 
The cost base included in the 
projections is reflective of the 
significant cost reductions that 
have already taken place in the 
Group, but also realistic about the 
investment required to implement 
the growth.

Substantial shareholdings 

Alongside the robust forecasting 
and governance process, 
the Group has demonstrated 
strong cash flow management 
through the Covid-19 pandemic, 
successfully reducing inventory 
levels and navigating through 
right-sizing efforts to deliver 
significant reductions to 
administrative overheads.

customers, and continued 
support from our banks and 
shareholders, it is the opinion 
of the Board that the Group has 
adequate resources to continue 
to trade as a going concern. A 
more extensive disclosure of 
going concern can be found in 
the financial review on pages 14 
to 16.

Having due regard for these 
recent deliverables and latest 
projections, with available cash 
at 31 October 2023 of £3.2m, an 
invoice discount facility where 
the Group can borrow up to £3m 
dependent on debtor levels, 
access to an invoice discounting 
facility with one of our major 

Indemnification of directors

The Group provides Directors 
and Officers Insurance cover and 
is contractually committed to 
provide cover.

At 31 October 2023, notification had been received of the following interests which exceed a 3% interest in the 
issued share capital of the Company, in addition to those of the Directors referred to above:

Number of 
Ordinary Shares

% of Issued 
Share Capital

Amati Global Investors
Gerard Antony Johnson
Christopher Banks
Seneca Partners
Stonehage Fleming
Rathbones
Hargreaves Lansdown stockbrokers
AJ Bell
Charles Stanley

5,650,294
4,802,693
4,702,693
4,519,236
4,338,956
2,945,675
2,619,382
1,726,476
1,712,925

37

10.58%
8.99%
8.81%
8.46%
8.13%
5.52%
4.91%
3.23%
3.21%

 
 
 
Corporate governance

The Statement of Corporate 
Governance on pages 24 to 29 
sets out the Group’s approach to 
good corporate governance.

Statement of directors’ 
responsibilities

The directors are responsible 
for preparing the Strategic 
report, the Directors’ report 
and the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law 
and regulations.

Company law requires the 
directors to prepare Group 
and parent Company financial 
statements for each financial 
year. Under that law the directors 
have prepared the financial 
statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by 
the UK (UK-adopted international 
accounting standards) and 
applicable law. Under Company 
law the directors must not 
approve the financial statements 
unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of 
the state of affairs of the Group 
and parent Company and of 
their profit or loss for that year. 
In preparing each of the group 
and parent company financial 
statements, the directors are 
required to:

• 

select suitable accounting 
policies and then apply them 
consistently; 

•  make judgements and 

accounting estimates that are 
reasonable and prudent; 

• 

state whether applicable 
accounting standards have 
been followed, subject to any 

Governance  Directors’ Report

material departures disclosed 
and explained in the Group 
and parent Company financial 
statements; and 

Disclosure of 
information to auditor

Each of the persons who are 
directors at the time when this 
Directors’ report is approved has 
confirmed that:

• 

• 

so far as that director is 
aware, there is no relevant 
audit information of which the 
Group’s auditor is unaware; 
and 

that director has taken all the 
steps that they ought to have 
taken as a director in order 
to make themselves aware of 
any relevant audit information 
and to establish that the 
Group’s auditor is aware of 
that information.

Auditor

Cooper Parry Group Limited, 
having expressed its willingness 
to continue in office, will be 
proposed for reappointment 
for the next financial year at 
the Annual General Meeting, in 
accordance with section 489 of 
the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the 
Board of Directors on 22 January 
2024 and signed on its behalf by:

Andrew Hebb 
Company Secretary 
22 January 2024

•  prepare the financial 

statements on the going 
concern basis unless it is 
inappropriate to presume 
that the group and parent 
company will continue in 
business.

The directors are responsible for 
keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to 
show and explain the parent 
company’s transactions and 
disclose with reasonable 
accuracy at any time the financial 
position of the parent company 
and enable them to ensure that 
the financial statements and the 
Director’s Remuneration Report 
comply with the Companies Act 
2006. The directors are also 
responsible for safeguarding 
the assets of the Group and 
parent Company and hence for 
taking reasonable steps for the 
prevention and detection of fraud 
and other irregularities.

The Directors are responsible 
for ensuring the Annual Report 
and the Financial Statements 
are made available on a website. 
Financial statements are 
published on the Company’s 
website in accordance with 
legislation in the United Kingdom 
governing the preparation 
and dissemination of financial 
statements, which may vary from 
legislation in other jurisdictions. 
The maintenance and integrity 
of the Company’s website is the 
responsibility of the Directors. 
The Directors’ responsibility also 
extends to the ongoing integrity 
of the financial statements 
contained therein.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance  Directors’ Remuneration Report

Directors’ Remuneration Report

This report covers the financial period ended 31 October 2023.

The Director’s remuneration report sets out the key points of the remuneration process for the Group, as 
well as any rationale for any decisions made by the remuneration committee during the year. This is intended 
to help investors understand the remuneration policy in the light of the strategy for the Group. The report is 
voluntarily disclosed.

Responsibilities 

Executive Directors

The Remuneration Committee 
has three members, Annette 
Rothwell (Chair), Andrew Beaden 
and David Bailey. The Committee 
is responsible for setting the 
remuneration packages for 
the Executive team as well as 
approving, where appropriate, 
the remuneration of senior staff. 
The Committee sets incentive 
plans for the Executive team 
to align their interests with 
those of the shareholders and 
to encourage the strategic 
development of the business.

The Board is committed to 
maintaining high standards of 
corporate governance and has 
taken steps to comply with best 
practice in so far as it can be 
applied practically given the size 
of the Group.

Remuneration Policy

The Board aims to ensure 
that the total remuneration 
for the Executive Directors 
is soundly based, internally 
consistent, market competitive 
and aligned with the interests 

39

of shareholders. To design 
a balanced package for the 
Executive Directors and senior 
management, the Board 
considers the individual’s 
experience and the nature and 
complexity of their work in order 
to pay a competitive salary and 
benefits package that attracts 
and retains management of 
the highest quality. The Board 
also considers the link between 
the individual’s remuneration 
package and the Group’s long-
term performance. Incentivisation 
through equity ownership is 
encouraged to further align 
Directors to shareholders and the 
success of the Company.

 
 
Governance  Directors’ Remuneration Report

Basic Salary

Share Options

Salaries are reviewed annually 
and are benchmarked against 
businesses acting within the 
aerospace manufacturing sector.  
The review process is undertaken 
having regard to the development 
of the Group and the contribution 
that individuals will continue 
to make as well as the need to 
retain and motivate individuals.  
The Executive Directors and 
Senior Management are also 
awarded other benefits (for 
example pension contributions) 
which are commensurate 
with their position within the 
Group and with the competitive 
marketplace. Basic salary can 
be paid in cash and equity 
instruments equal at the start of a 
year to the cash equivalent.

Directors’ Emoluments 

Share options are awarded in 
order to provide a long-term 
incentive to the Executive 
Directors and Senior 
Management which aligns the 
interests of the Group with 
shareholders, with those of 
the individuals tasked with 
delivering the Group’s strategic 
aims. These include financial 
targets around profitability, 
and strategic targets around 
profitable growth and business 
development.  Share options 
are also used where Directors 
and Senior Management have 
agreed to take part of their basic 
salary in equity.  For several 
years most qualifying staff have 
taken 20% of their basic salary 
in equity alternatives.  In January 
and March 2022, options were 
granted to certain Non-Executive 
Directors and members of the 

Senior Management team. A total 
of 0.5m options were issued. 
In March 2023 a further 0.8m 
options were granted.

Non-executive Directors

The salary of the Chairman is 
determined by the Board and 
the fees of the Non-Executive 
Directors are determined 
by the Board following a 
recommendation from the 
Chairman.  The Chairman and 
Non-Executive Directors are 
not involved in any discussions 
or decisions about their own 
remuneration.  Similar to senior 
management and Executive 
Directors, 20% of the Non-
Executive Directors pay has been 
in the form of equity instruments 
since 2020.

Directors’ emoluments for the year ended 31 October 2023 (or period of service) are summarised below:

Cash paid
salary 5
£’000

Pension
£’000

Benefit 
in kind 
£’000

Year ended  
31 October
2023
£’000

Year ended 
30 October
2022
£’000

Executive

Jonathan Bridges 

Chris Williams (resigned 7 December 2023)

Adam Holden (resigned 23 August 2023)

Non-Executive

Andrew Beaden 

Robert Soen (resigned 31 October 2022)

Annette Rothwell 

David Bailey 

Total

178

63

90

99

-

28

29

487

12

2

5

2

-

-

-

21

12

-

6  

-

-

-

-

18

202

65

101

101

-

28

29

526

133

105

-

66

28

18

15

365

 5 All of the cash paid salaries above represent 80% of each individuals’ basic salary for the year.  Apart from Jonathan Bridges, the additional 20% was 
serviced through equity awards, via share options valued at the start of each year or on appointment and to be of equivalent value to the 20% cash 
amounts sacrificed. Jonathan Bridges’ 20% has been deferred until 2024 and when the Company expects a positive EBITDA.

40

 
 
 
 
Governance  Directors’ Remuneration Report

Share options 

The following table sets out the share option movements for each of the current Directors during the 
two years ended 31 October 2023.  None of the options below have any further performance conditions 
attached and vest subject to continued employment.  The options issued in FY 2023 and issued in FY 
2022, relate to the Company’s salary sacrifice plan, where senior staff can swap up to 20% of their base 
salary for a similar valued equity interest in the Company.  

Chris 
Williams 
No.

Andrew 
Beaden 
No.

Adam 
Holden 
No.

Annette 
Rothwell 
No.

David 
Bailey 
No.

At 31 October 2021

272,268

108,475

Issued

Exercised

Lapsed

103,529

76,235

-

-

(108,475)

-

At 31 October 2022

375,797

Issued

Exercised

Lapsed

- 

(250,797)

(125,000)

At 31 October 2023

Comprising shares that have:

Vested

Not Vested

At 31 October 2023

-

-

-

-

76,235

86,400

-

 -

162,635

76,235

86,400

162,635

-

-

-

-

-

107,733

-

(107,733)

-

20,940

-

-

20,940

37,867

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

37,867

-

-

-

-

-

-

58,807

37,867

20,940

37,867

-

37,867

58,807

37,867

41

 
 
Financial Statements  Independent Auditor’s Report 

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the Members of Velocity Composites Plc

42

 
Financial Statements  Independent Auditor’s Report 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the 
Members of Velocity Composites Plc

OPINION

We have audited the financial statements of Velocity Composites plc (the ‘parent Company’) and its subsid-
iaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 31 October 2023 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Total 
Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated and Company Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated 
and Company Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated and Company Statement of Cash Flows and 
the related notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.  

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the group and parent financial 
statements is applicable law and UK adopted international accounting standards. 

In our opinion the financial statements:

•  give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 October 

2023 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended;

•  have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards;

•  have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the 
audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and parent company 
in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the 
UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained 
is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Our approach to the audit

We adopted a risk-based audit approach. We gained a detailed understanding of the Group’s business, the 
environment it operates in and the risks it faces.

The key elements of our audit approach were as follows:

In order to assess the risks identified, the engagement team performed an evaluation of identified components 
and to determine the planned audit responses based on a measure of materiality, calculated by considering 
the significance of components as a percentage of the group’s total revenue and loss before taxation and 
group’s total assets. 

From this, we determined the significance of each component to the group as a whole and devised our 
planned audit response. In order to address the audit risks described in the Key audit matters section which 
were identified during our planning process, we performed a full-scope audit of the financial statements of the 
parent company, Velocity Composites plc and Velocity Composites Aerospace Inc. The operations that were 
subject to full-scope audit procedures made up 100% of consolidated revenues and 100% of consolidated 
loss before tax.

Analytical procedures were undertaken on the remaining component, using group materiality, which was not 
deemed to be material. 

43

Financial Statements  Independent Auditor’s Report 

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current year and include the most significant assessed risks of material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on 
the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and 
in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Risk of fraud in revenue recognition 

Matter 
Under International Standard on Auditing (UK) 240 there is a presumed risk that revenue is misstated due to 
fraud. The Group recognises revenue to the extent that it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the 
Group and the revenue can be reliably measured. There is relatively little judgement involved in determining 
the timing and value of the amount to be recognised. We therefore assess the significant risk to be specifically 
with respect to manual journals posted to revenue. 

Response 
Our procedures in response to the risk included:

•  We  assessed  accounting  policies  for  consistency  and  appropriateness  with  the  applicable  financial 
reporting framework and in particular that revenue was recognised when performance obligations were 
fulfilled. In addition, we reviewed for the consistency of application of the accounting policies;

•  We obtained an understanding of the processes through which the business initiates, records, processes 

and reports revenue transactions;

•  We performed walkthroughs of the processes as set out by management, to ensure controls appropriate 
to the size and nature of operations were designed and implemented correctly throughout the transaction 
cycle; 

•  We obtained a complete listing of journals posted to revenue nominal codes and reviewed the listing for 

any unexpected entries. These were then tested to supporting evidence;

•  We performed cut-off procedures to test transactions around the year end and verified a sample of reve-
nue to originating documentation to provide evidence that transactions were recorded in the correct year;

•  We performed transactional revenue testing to confirm the completeness of revenue and to confirm reve-
nue has been recognised in accordance with the accounting policies and performance obligations have 
been met; 

•  We reviewed a listing of post year end credit notes to verify that revenue has been recorded in the correct 

accounting year. 

Our procedures did not identify any material misstatements in the revenue recognised during the year.  

Our application of materiality

We apply the concept of materiality in planning and performing our audit, in determining the nature, timing 
and extent of our audit procedures, in evaluating the effect of any identified misstatements, and in forming 
our audit opinion.

The materiality for the group financial statements as a whole was set at £246,000. This has been determined 
with reference to the benchmark of the group’s revenue which we consider to be an appropriate measure for    
a group of companies such as these. Materiality represents 1.5% of group revenue. Performance materiality 
has been set at 75% of group materiality. 

44

Financial Statements  Independent Auditor’s Report 

The materiality for the parent company financial statements as a whole was set at £222,000. This has been 
determined with reference to the benchmark of the parent company’s revenue which we consider to be 
an appropriate measure for a parent company such as this. Materiality has been capped to 90% of group 
materiality.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of  
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the entity’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting included:

•  Reviewing management’s cash flow forecasts for a period of at least 12 months from the date of approval 

of these financial statements; 

•  Challenging management on key assumptions included in their forecast scenarios;

•  Considering the potential impact of various scenarios on the forecasts; 

•  Reviewing results post year end to the date of approval of these financial statements and assessing them 

against original budgets; 

•  Reviewing management’s forecasting accuracy through reviewing the prior year budgets compared to 

actuals; and

•  Reviewing management’s disclosures in the financial statements.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events 
or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group’s ability to continue as 
a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for 
issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The  other  information  comprises  the  information  included  in  the  annual  report,  other  than  the  financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information included 
in the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except 
to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon.  Our  responsibility  is  to  read  the  other  information  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other 
information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, 
or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material  inconsistencies  or  apparent 
material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial 
statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we 
conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard.

45

Financial Statements  Independent Auditor’s Report 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  applicable  legal 
requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or 
the directors’ report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

• 

• 

adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept,  or  returns  adequate  for  our  audit  have  not  been 
received from branches not visited by us; or

the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; 
or

• 

certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement  set  out  on  page  30,  the  directors  are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial  statements  that  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  preparing 
the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the parent company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using 
the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent 
company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted 
in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can 
arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably 
be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
irregularities,  including  fraud.  The  extent  to  which  our  procedures  are  capable  of  detecting  irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below:

Our  assessment  focused  on  key  laws  and  regulations  the  company  has  to  comply  with  and  areas  of  the 
financial statements we assessed as being more susceptible to misstatement. These key laws and regulations 
included  but  were  not  limited  to  compliance  with  the  Companies  Act  2006,  UK  adopted  international 
accounting standards and relevant tax legislation.

46

 
Financial Statements  Independent Auditor’s Report 

We are not responsible for preventing irregularities and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all 
laws and regulations. Our approach to detecting irregularities included, but was not limited to, the following:

•  Obtaining an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the entity and how  the 

entity is complying with that framework;

•  Obtaining an understanding of the entity’s policies and procedures and how the entity has complied with 

these, through discussions;

•  Obtaining an understanding of the entity’s risk assessment process, including the risk of fraud;

•  Designing our audit procedures to respond to our risk assessment; and

•  Performing audit testing over the risk of management override of controls, including testing of journal   
entries  and  other  adjustments  for  appropriateness,  evaluating  the  business  rationale  of  significant 
transactions  outside  the  normal  course  of  business  and  reviewing  accounting  estimates  for  bias 
specifically in relation to inventory provisions.

Whilst considering how our audit work addressed the detection of irregularities, we also consider the likelihood 
of detection based on our approach. Irregularities arising from fraud are inherently more difficult to detect 
than those arising from error.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including 
those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This 
risk increases the more that compliance with law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of non-compliance. The risk 
is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional 
concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This  description  forms  part  of  our 
auditor’s report.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the parent company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of 
Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the parent 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other 
purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other 
than the parent company and the parent company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, 
or for the opinions we have formed.

Melanie Hopwell (Senior Statutory Auditor)  
For and on behalf of Cooper Parry Group Limited 
22 January 2024 

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor

Sky View 
Argosy Road 
East Midlands Airport 
Caste Donington 
Derby  
DE74 2SA 

47

Financial Statements  Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive Income

Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 
Consolidated Statement of Total  
Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive 
Comprehensive Income
Income 

 40 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross profit 
Administrative expenses  
Exceptional administrative expenses 

Operating loss 
Operating loss analysed as: 
Adjusted EBITDA loss 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortisation 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets under IFRS 16  
Share-based payments 
Exceptional administrative expenses 

Finance income and expense 

Loss before tax from continuing operations 
Corporation tax recoverable 

Loss for the year and total comprehensive loss  

Loss per share - basic (£) from continuing operations 

Loss per share - diluted (£) from continuing operations 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

16,411 
(13,325) 

3,086 
(5,783) 
(120) 

11,959 
(9,213) 

2,746 
(4,063) 
- 

(2,817) 

(1,317) 

(1,606) 
(297) 
(116) 
(472) 
(206) 
(120) 

(326) 

(3,143) 
- 

(452) 
(210) 
(53) 
(432) 
(170) 
- 

(187) 

(1,504) 
167 

(3,143) 

(1,337) 

(£0.08) 

(£0.04) 

(£0.08) 

(£0.04) 

Note 

4 

8 

5 

31 

8 

9 

10 

11 

11 

The notes on pages 45 to 74 form part of these financial statements. 
 The notes on pages 53 - 82 form part of these financial statements.

There is no other comprehensive income in the current or prior year. 

48

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  Consolidated and Company Statement of Financial Position

Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Consolidated and Company  
Statement of Financial Position

Consolidated and Company Statement of Financial 
Position 

 41 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Note 

Non-current assets 
Intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Right-of-use assets 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Loans 
Trade and other payables 
Obligations under lease liabilities 
Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Loans 
Obligations under lease liabilities 
Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

12 
13 
20 

15 
16 
17 

19 
18 
20 

19 
20 

890 
2,095 
2,129 
5,114 

2,743 
3,667 
3,178 
9,588 

173 
1,099 
2,269 
3,541 

1,407 
2,521 
2,344 
6,272 

232 
734 
1,521 
2,487 

1,493 
5,913 
3,131 
10,537 

173 
1,099 
1,812 
3,084 

1,407 
2,569 
2,337 
6,313 

14,702 

9,813 

13,024 

9,397 

503 
4,587 
487 
5,577 

970 
1,587 
2,557 

503 
2,207 
405 
3,115 

1,506 
1,792 
3,298 

503 
1,921 
344 
2,768 

970 
1,196 
2,166 

503 
2,207 
313 
3,023 

1,506 
1,442 
2,948 

8,134 

6,413 

4,934 

5,971 

6,568 

3,400 

8,090 

3,426 

Equity attributable to equity holders of the company 

Share capital 
Share premium account 
Share-based payments reserve 
Retained earnings 

23 
24 
25 

133 
4,870 
478 
1,087 

91 
9,727 
684 
(7,102) 

133 
4,870 
478 
2,609 

91 
9,727 
684 
(7,076) 

Total equity 

6,568 

3,400 

8,090 

3,426 

The notes  on  pages 45  to  74 form  part of  these  financial statements. The  Company has taken advantage  of  the 
exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and not presented its own statement of profit and 
loss in these financial statements. The loss for the year was £1,647,000. The financial statements were approved 
and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 22 January 2024 and were signed on its behalf by: 

 53 - 82

Jonathan Bridges 
Director 
Co No: 06389233 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  Consolidated and Company Statement of Changes in Equity

Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 
Consolidated and Company  
Consolidated and Company Statement of 
Statement of Changes in Equity
Changes in Equity 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

 42 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
account 
£’000 

Share- 
         based 
payments 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

91 
- 

91 

- 

- 

9,727 
- 

(5,790) 
(1,337) 

9,727 

(7,127) 

- 

- 

- 

25 

539 
- 

539 

170 

(25) 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

4,567 
(1,337) 

3,230 

170 

- 

As at 31 October 2021 
Loss for the year 

Transactions with shareholders: 
Share-based payments (note 25) 
Transfer of share option reserve on 
vesting of options and issue of equity 

As at 31 October 2022 

91 

9,727 

(7,102) 

684 

3,400 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
account 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

Share- 
         based 
payments 
reserve 
£’000 

91 
- 

91 

- 

- 

42 

9,727 
- 

(7,102) 
(3,143) 

9,727 

(10,245) 

- 

- 

- 

412 

6,063 
(10,920) 

- 
10,920 

684 
- 

684 

206 

(412) 

- 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

3,400 
(3,143) 

257 

206 

- 

6,105 
- 

As at 31 October 2022 
Loss for the year 

Transactions with shareholders: 
Share-based payments (note 25) 
Transfer of share option reserve on 
vesting of options and issue of equity 
Issue of new shares net of transaction 
costs 
Reduction of Share Premium Account 

As at 31 October 2023 

133 

4,870 

1,087 

478 

6,568 

The notes on pages 45 to 74 form part of these financial statements. 
 The notes on pages 53 - 82 form part of these financial statements

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  Consolidated and Company Statement of Changes in Equity

Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 
Consolidated and Company  
Consolidated and Company Statement of 
Statement of Changes in Equity
Changes in Equity 
Company statement of changes in equity 

 43 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
account 
£’000 

Share- 
         based 
payments 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

91 
- 

91 

- 

- 

9,727 
- 

(5,763) 
(1,338) 

9,727 

(7,101) 

- 

- 

- 

25 

539 
- 

539 

170 

(25) 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

4,594 
(1,338) 

3,256 

170 

- 

As at 31 October 2021 
Loss for the year 

Transactions with shareholders: 
Share-based payments (note 25)  
Transfer of share option reserve on 
vesting of options and issue of equity 

As at 31 October 2022 

91 

9,727 

(7,076) 

684 

3,426 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
account 
£’000 

Share- 
         based 
payments 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

91 
- 

91 

- 

- 

42 

9,727 
- 

(7,076) 
(1,647) 

9,727 

(8,723) 

- 

- 

- 

412 

6,063 
(10,920) 

- 
10,920 

684 
- 

684 

206 

(412) 

- 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

3,426 
(1,647) 

1,779 

206 

- 

6,105 
- 

As at 31 October 2022 
Loss for the year 

Transactions with shareholders: 
Share-based payments (note 25) 
Transfer of share option reserve on 
vesting of options and issue of equity 
Issue of new shares net of transaction 
costs 
Reduction of Share Premium Account 

As at 31 October 2023 

133 

4,870 

2,609 

478 

8,090 

The notes on pages 45 to 74 form part of these financial statements. 
 The notes on pages 53 - 82 form part of these financial statements.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  Consolidated and Company Statement of Cash Flows

Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 
Consolidated and Company  
Consolidated and Company Statement of Cash 
Statement of Cash Flows
Flows 

 44 

Operating activities 
Loss for the year 
Taxation 
Profit on sale of assets 
Finance costs 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets 
Share-based payments 

Operating cash flows before movements in 

working capital 

Increase in trade and other receivables 
Increase in inventories 
Increase/(Decrease) in trade and other payables 

Cash (outflow)/inflow from operations 
Tax received 

Net cash (outflow)/inflow from operating 
activities 

Group 
Year 
ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
Year 
ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
Year 
ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
Year 
ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

(3,143) 
- 
(4) 
326 
116 
297 
472 
206 

(1,337) 
(167) 
(38) 
187 
53 
210 
432 
170 

(1,647) 
- 
(4) 
299 
53 
210 
391 
206 

(1,338) 
(167) 
(38) 
187 
53 
210 
432 
170 

(1,730) 

(490) 

(492) 

(491) 

(1,146) 
(1,336) 
2,380 

(1,832) 
- 

(359) 
(530) 
1,149 

(230) 
510 

(3,344) 
(86) 
(286) 

(4,208) 
- 

(374) 
(530) 
1,149 

(246) 
510 

(1,832) 

280 

(4,208) 

264 

Investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment net of 
intercompany transfers 
Purchase of development expenditure 
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and 

equipment 

(1,293) 
(833) 

4 

(262) 
(136) 

42 

Net cash used in investing activities 

(2,122) 

(356) 

Financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares 
Share issue transaction costs 
Finance costs paid 
Loan repayment 
Repayment of lease liabilities capital 

Net cash generate in financing activities 
Net Increase/(Decrease) in cash and cash 

equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at 01 November 

6,590 
(485) 
(326) 
(536) 
(455) 

4,788 

834 
2,344 

- 
- 
(187) 
(503) 
(366) 

(1,056) 

(1,132) 
3,476 

155 
(112) 

4 

47 

6,590 
(485) 
(294) 
(536) 
(320) 

4,955 

794 
2,337 

(262) 
(136) 

42 

(356) 

- 
- 
(187) 
(503) 
(351) 

(1,041) 

(1,133) 
3,470 

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 October 

3,178 

2,344 

3,131 

2,337 

 The notes on pages 53 - 82 form part of these financial statements.
The notes on pages 45 to 74 form part of these financial statements.

52

 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Notes to the Financial Statements

Notes to the Financial Statements 

 45 

1. 

General information 

Velocity Composites plc (the ‘Company’) is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in England 
and  Wales.  The  registered  office  of  the  Company  is  AMS  Technology  Park,  Billington  Road,  Burnley, 
Lancashire, BB11 5UB, United Kingdom. The registered company number is 06389233.  

In  order  to  prepare  for  future  expansion  in  the  Asia  region,  the  Company  established  a  wholly  owned 
subsidiary company, Velocity Composites Sendirian Berhad, which is domiciled in Malaysia. The subsidiary 
company commenced trading on 18 April 2018. The Company also established a wholly owned subsidiary 
company,  Velocity  Composites  Aerospace  Inc.  to  prepare  for  future  expansion  in  the  United  States  of 
America.  These  subsidiaries,  together  with  Velocity  Composites  plc,  now  form  the  Velocity  Composites 
Group (‘the Group’). 

The Group’s principal activity is that of the sale of kits of composite material and related products to the 
aerospace industry. 

2. 

Accounting policies 

Basis of preparation 
The consolidated financial statements of Velocity Composites plc have been prepared in accordance with 
UK-adopted  international  accounting  standards  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Interpretations 
Committee (IFRIC) interpretations.  

These  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis  and  using  the  historical  cost 
convention,  as  modified  by  the  revaluation  of  certain  items,  as  stated  in  the  accounting  policies.  These 
policies  have  been  consistently  applied  to  all  years  presented,  unless  otherwise  stated.  The  financial 
statements are presented in sterling and have been rounded to the nearest thousand (£’000).  References 
to “FY23” refer to the year ended 31 October 2023, whilst references to “FY22” are in respect of the year 
ended 31 October 2022. 

The Company has taken advantage of the  exemption  allowed under section  408  of  the Companies  Act 
2006 and not presented its own statement of profit and loss in these financial statements. 

Basis of consolidation 
The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiary undertakings and are made up to 31 October 2023. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date 
of acquisition, using the purchase method. 

Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting 
policies used into line with those used by the Group. The Group’s subsidiaries have prepared their statutory 
financial statements in accordance with IFRS standards.  

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or 
has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns 
through its power over the entity. In assessing control, the Group takes into consideration potential voting 
rights.  The  acquisition  date  is  the  date  on  which  control  is  transferred  to  the  acquirer.  The  financial 
statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control 
commences until the date that control ceases. 

Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group 
transactions, are eliminated. Unrealised losses are eliminated in  the same way as unrealised gains, but 
only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment. 

The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all years 
presented in the consolidated financial statements. 

There  are  no  new  accounting  standards  or  interpretations  that  are  not  yet  fully  effective  that  could  be 
expected to have a material impact on the Group. 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 46 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Going concern  

Management  continues  to  undertake  a  significant  level  of  cash  flow  forecasting  and  detailed  financial 
projections for the following 24 month rolling period to 31 October 2025 have been prepared. A number of 
sensitivities have been performed to understand the cash flow impact of various scenarios and even in the 
most  severe  down-side scenario  modelled, the business  had sufficient liquidity  to continue  trading  as  a 
going concern. 

The  aerospace  sector  lends  itself  to  long-term  planning  due  to  the  nature  and  length  of  customer 
programmes,  typically  a  minimum  of  three  years,  but  often  five  years  or  more.  This  has  enabled  the 
business to fully model the period to 31 October 2025 and undertake more strategic, longer-term planning 
for growth and full recovery emerging from the pandemic.  

The  cash  flow  forecasts  are,  however,  reviewed  monthly  through  Management’s  Integrated  Business 
Planning (IBP) process and the assumptions updated for any new knowledge to ensure there is no change 
in the Group’s liquidity outlook. This is linked in  with  Management’s monthly risk review and should the 
outlook change significantly with no mitigating actions the Group’s liquidity risk rating on the risk register 
will be adjusted to reflect this and subsequently discussed at Board through the Audit Committee’s quarterly 
risk register review. 

In preparing the latest two-year forecasts, Management has included revenue projections based on current 
contracted  demand,  the  newly  signed  Work  Package  Agreement  with  GKN  in  the  US.  The  cost  base 
included in the projections is reflective of the significant cost reductions that have already taken place in 
the Group, but also realistic about the investment required to implement the growth.  

It is the investment in growth and technological advancements throughout FY23, and which is anticipated 
to  continue  in  FY24,  that  has  resulted  in  the  forecasts  indicating  that  the  Group’s  Invoice  Discounting 
Facility,  secured  against  Trade  Debtors,  will  be  utilised  during  certain  months  within  the  going  concern 
period.  Whilst this facility is designed to be short-term and can be  withdrawn with  3 months’ notice, the 
latest discussions have reflected the bank’s support for Velocity’s growth strategy and as such we expect 
this  facility  will  remain  available  for  the  foreseeable  future.  Utilisation  of  the  facility  is  forecast  to  be 
temporary  during  periods  of  FY24.However,  should  alternative  financing  be  required,  the  Group  would 
preserve  cash by delaying  certain  investment  activities until longer-term funding  could  be  implemented, 
such as asset-based financing against new capital expenditure or equity funding. 

Alongside the robust forecasting and governance process, the Group has demonstrated strong cash flow 
management  through  the  Covid-19  pandemic,  successfully  reducing  inventory  levels  and  navigating 
through right-sizing efforts to deliver significant reductions to administrative overheads. 

Having due regard for these recent deliverables and latest projections, with available cash at 31 October 
2023 of £3.2m, an invoice discount facility where the Group can borrow up to £3m dependent on debtor 
levels, access to an invoice discounting  facility with one of our major customers, and continued support 
from our banks and shareholders, it is the opinion of the Board that the Group has adequate resources to 
continue to trade as a going concern. 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 47 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Revenue recognition 
Revenue is recognised as performance obligations are satisfied as control of the goods and services are 
transferred to the customer. Contracts are satisfied over a period of time, with the dispatch of goods at a 
point in time. Revenue is therefore recognised when control is transferred to the customer, which is usually 
when legal title passes to the customer and the business has the right to payment, for example, on delivery.  

The  Group  generates  revenue  from  the  sale  of  structural  and  consumable  materials  for  use  within  the 
aerospace industry. This is the sole revenue stream of the Group.  

At  contract  inception  (which  is  upon  receipt  of  a  purchase  order  from  a  customer),  an  assessment  is 
completed to identify the performance obligations in each contract. Performance obligations in a contract 
are the goods that are distinct. 

At  contract  inception,  the  transaction  price  is  determined,  being  the  amount  that  the  Group  expects  to 
receive  for  transferring  the  promised  goods  –  this  is  a  fixed  price  with  no  variable  consideration.  The 
transaction  price  is  allocated  to  the  performance  obligations  in  the  contract  based  on  their  relative 
standalone selling prices – this reflects the agreed price as per purchase order for each product. The Group 
has  determined  that  the  contractually  stated  price  represents  the  standalone  selling  price  for  each 
performance obligation.  

Revenue from sale of goods and services is recognised when a performance obligation has been satisfied 
by transferring the promised product to the customer at a point in time, usually when legal title passes to 
the customer and the business has the right to payment, for example, on delivery. Standard payment terms 
are in place for each customer. 

Inventory 
Inventory  is  stated  at  the  lower  of  costs  incurred  in  bringing  each  product  to  its  present  location  and 
condition compared to net realisable value as follows: 

  Raw materials, consumables and goods for resale – purchase cost on a first-in/first-out basis. 
  Work  in  progress  and  finished  goods  –  costs  of  direct  materials  and  labour  plus  attributable 

overheads based on a normal level of activity. 

Net realisable value is based on an estimated selling price less any further costs expected to be incurred 
for completion and disposal. 

Expenditure 
Expenditure is recognised in  respect of goods and services  received  when supplied  in  accordance with 
contractual terms.  Goods or services supplied in a foreign currency are recognised at the exchange rate 
ruling at the time of accounting for this expenditure. 

Provisions 
A provision is made when an obligation exists for a future liability relating to a past event and where the 
amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated. 

Retirement benefits: defined contribution schemes 
Contributions  to  defined  contribution  pension  schemes  are  charged  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive 
income in the year to which they relate. 

Short-term employee benefits 
A liability is recognised for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries, annual leave 
and  sick  leave  in  the  year  the  related  service  is  rendered  at  the  undiscounted  amount  of  the  benefits 
expected to be paid in exchange for that service. 

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 48 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Research and development expenditure 
Research expenditure - expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the year in which 
it is incurred. 

Development  expenditure  -  An  internally  generated  intangible  asset  arising  from  the  Group’s  own 
development activity is recognised only if all of the following conditions are met: 

  an asset is created that can be identified and is technically and commercially feasible; 
 

it  is  probable  that  the  asset  created  will  generate  future  economic  benefits  and  the  Group  has 
available sufficient resources to complete the development and to subsequently sell and/or use the 
asset created; and 
the development cost of the asset can be measured reliably. 

 

The amount recognised for development expenditure is the sum of all incurred expenditure from the date 
when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. This occurs when future sales 
are expected to flow from the work performed.  Incurred expenditure largely relates to internal staff costs 
incurred by the Group.  

Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  internally  generated  intangible  assets  are  reported  at  cost  less 
accumulated amortisation and impairment. 

Amortisation 
Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values using 
the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recognised in the statement of 
total  comprehensive  income.  The  estimated  useful  lives  are  based  on  the  average  life  of  a  project  as 
follows: 

Development costs 

5 years 

Property, plant and equipment 
Items of property, plant and equipment are initially recognised at cost. As well as the purchase price, cost 
includes directly attributable costs. 

Depreciation is provided on all items of property, plant and equipment so as to write off their carrying value 
over the expected useful economic lives. It is provided at the following methods and rates: 

Land and buildings (right-of-use) 
Plant and machinery 
Motor vehicles 
Fixtures and fittings 
Leasehold improvements 

Over the term of the lease 
15% straight line 
25% straight line 
15% straight line 
Over the term of the lease 

Foreign currency translation 
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency 
of  the  primary  economic  environment  in  which  the  entity  operates  (‘its  functional  currency’).  The 
consolidated financial statements are presented in sterling, which is Velocity Composites plc’s functional 
and presentation currency. 

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 49 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Foreign currency translation (continued) 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the 
dates  the  transactions  occur.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the  settlement  of  such 
transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies 
at year end exchange rates are recognised in the consolidated comprehensive statement of income.  

The results and financial position of foreign operations that have a functional currency different from the 
presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency, on consolidation, as follows: 

  assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing 

 

rate at the date of the statement of financial position; 
income and expenses for each statement of profit or loss and statement of comprehensive income 
are translated at average exchange rates; and 

  all resulting exchange differences are recognised immediately in the Consolidated comprehensive 

statement of income. 

Impairment of non-financial assets 
The carrying values of non-financial assets are reviewed for impairment when there is an indication that 
assets  might  be  impaired,  and  at  the  end  of  each  reporting  year.  When  the  carrying  value  of  an  asset 
exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is written down accordingly.  

Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the impairment test is 
carried  out  on  the  asset’s  cash  generating  unit  (i.e.  the  smallest  grouping  of  assets  in  which  the  asset 
belongs for which there are separately identifiable cash flows). 

Impairment charges are included in the income statement, except to the extent they reverse previous gains 
recognised in the statement of comprehensive income.  

Financial instruments 
All funding requirements and financial risks are managed based on policies and procedures adopted by 
the Board of Directors encapsulating the normal day to day trading of the Group. The Group does not use 
derivative financial instruments such as forward currency contracts, or similar instruments. The Group does 
not issue or use financial instruments of a speculative nature. 

Bank borrowings 
Interest-bearing  loans  are  recorded  initially  at  their  fair  value,  net  of  direct  transaction  costs.  Such 
instruments are subsequently  carried  at  their amortised cost  and finance charges are recognised in  the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income  over  the  term  of  the  instrument  using  an  effective  rate  of  interest. 
Finance charges are accounted for on an accrual’s basis to the statement of comprehensive income.  

The Group has current borrowings of CBIL loans and can utilise its invoice discounting facility in support of 
its working capital requirements. 

Financial assets 
The Group classifies its financial assets into the categories discussed below and based upon the purpose 
for which the asset was acquired. The Group has not classified any of its financial assets as held to maturity. 

Trade and other receivables 
These assets are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted 
in  an  active  market.  They  arise  principally  through  the  provision  of  services  to  customers  (e.g.  trade 
receivables), but also incorporate other types of contractual monetary asset.  They are initially recognised 
at  fair  value  plus  transactions  costs  that  are  directly  attributable  to  their  acquisition  or  issue  and  are 
subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. 

The Group’s loans and receivables comprise trade and other receivables included within the statement of 
financial position. 

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 50 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Financial assets (continued) 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents include cash held at bank, bank overdrafts and marketable securities of very 
short-term maturity (typically three months or less) which are not expected  to  deteriorate significantly in 
value  until  maturity.  Bank  overdrafts  are  shown  within  loans  and  borrowings  in  current  liabilities  in  the 
statement of financial position. 

Impairment of financial assets 
Impairment  provisions  are  recognised  through  the  expected  credit  losses  model  (ECL).  IFRS  9’s 
impairment  requirements  use  forward-looking  information  to  recognise  expected  credit  losses  –  the 
‘expected credit loss (ECL) model’. 

The Group considers a broader range of information when assessing credit risk and measuring expected 
credit losses, including past events, current conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect 
the expected collectability of the future cash flows of the instrument. 

Trade and other payables 
The Group classifies its financial liabilities  as comprising trade payables  and other short-term monetary 
liabilities, which are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised cost using the 
effective interest method.  

Share capital 
Financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the extent that they do not meet 
the definition of a financial liability. The Group’s ordinary shares are classified as equity instruments. 

Share premium 
Share premium represents the excess of the issue price over the par value on shares issued  less costs 
relating to the capital transaction arising on the issue. 

Share-based payment 
The  Group  operates  an  equity-settled  share-based  compensation  plan  in  which  the  Group  receives 
services from  Directors and  certain employees  as consideration  for share options.  The fair value  of  the 
services is recognised as an expense over the vesting period, determined by reference to the fair value of 
the options granted. 

Leased assets 

Leases 
The Group makes the use of leasing arrangements principally for the buildings and motor vehicles. The 
rental contracts for offices are typically negotiated for terms of 5 and 10 years and some of these have 
extension  terms.  The  Group  does  not  enter  into  sale  and  leaseback  arrangements.  All  the  leases  are 
negotiated on an individual basis and contain a wide variety of different terms and conditions. 

The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract. A lease conveys 
the right to direct the use and obtain substantially all of the economic benefits of an identified asset for a 
period of time in exchange for consideration. 

Measurement and recognition  
At  lease  commencement  date,  the  Group  recognises  a  right-of-use  asset  and  a  lease  liability  in  its 
consolidated statement of financial position. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is made up 
of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred by the Group, and any lease 
payments made in advance of the lease commencement date. 

The Group depreciates the right-of-use asset on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date 
to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The Group 
also assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist. 

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 51 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Leased assets (continued) 

Measurement and recognition (continued) 
At  the  commencement  date,  the  Group  measures  the  lease  liability  at  the  present  value  of  the  lease 
payments unpaid at that date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate because as the 
lease contracts are negotiated with third parties it is not possible to determine the interest rate that is implicit 
in the lease.  

The incremental borrowing rate is the estimated rate that the Group would have to pay to borrow the same 
amount over a similar term, and  with similar security to obtain an asset of equivalent  value. This rate is 
adjusted should the lessee entity have a different risk profile to that of the Group. 

Subsequent  to  initial  measurement,  the  liability  will  be  reduced  by  lease  payments  that  are  allocated 
between  repayments  of  principal  and  finance  costs.  The  finance  cost  is  the  amount  that  produces  a 
constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability.  

The lease liability is reassessed when there is a change in the lease payments. Changes in lease payments 
arising from a change in the lease term or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase a leased 
asset. The  revised lease  payments  are discounted  using  the Group’s incremental  borrowing rate  at  the 
date of reassessment when the rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined. The amount of the 
remeasurement of the lease liability is reflected as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the right-of-use 
asset. The exception being when the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero 
then any excess is recognised in profit or loss. 

Payments under leases can also change when there is either a change in the amounts expected to be paid 
under  residual  value  guarantees  or  when  future  payments  change  through  an  index  or  a  rate  used  to 
determine those payments, including changes in market rental rates following a market rent review. The 
lease  liability  is  remeasured  only  when  the  adjustment  to  lease  payments  takes  effect  and  the  revised 
contractual  payments  for  the  remainder  of  the  lease  term  are  discounted  using  an  unchanged  discount 
rate.  Except  for where  the change in  lease payments  results from a  change in floating interest rates,  in 
which case the discount rate is amended to reflect the change in interest rates. 

The remeasurement of the lease liability is dealt with by a reduction in the carrying amount of the right-of-
use asset to reflect the full or partial termination of the lease for lease modifications that reduce the scope 
of the lease. Any gain or loss relating to the partial or full termination of the lease is recognised in profit or 
loss. The right-of-use asset is adjusted for all other lease modifications. 

The Group has elected to account for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets using the practical 
expedients. These leases relate to property security. Instead of recognising a right-of-use asset and lease 
liability, the payments in relation to these are recognised as an expense in profit or loss on a straight-line 
basis over the lease term. 

See the accounting policy on Property plant and equipment for the depreciation methods and useful lives 
for assets held under lease. 

Government grants 
Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is reasonable assurance that 
the  grant  will  be  received,  and  the  Group  will  comply  with  all  attached  conditions.  Government  grants 
relating to cost are deferred and recognised in the profit or loss by deducting from the related expense over 
the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate. 

Current taxation 
The tax currently payable  is based on the taxable  profit of  the year. Taxable profit differs from profit  as 
reported in the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income because it excludes items of income and 
expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable 
or  deductible.  The  Group’s  liability  for  current  tax  is  calculated  using  rates  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantively enacted by the statement of financial position date. 

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 52 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2. 

Accounting policies (continued) 

R&D tax credit 
R&D tax credits are recognised at the point when claims have been quantified relating to expenditure within 
current or previous years and recovery of the asset is virtually certain, these tax credits relating to R&D are 
recognised within the tax on profit line of the income statement. 

Deferred taxation 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised where the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the 
statement of financial position differs from its tax base, except for differences arising on: 

 

the initial recognition of goodwill; 

Recognition of deferred tax assets is restricted to those instances where it is probable that taxable profit 
will  be  available  against  which  the  difference  can  be  utilised.  The  amount  of  the  asset  or  liability  is 
determined using tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date and 
are  expected  to  apply  when  the  deferred  tax  liabilities  or  assets  are  settled  or  recovered.  Deferred  tax 
balances are not discounted. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current 
tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax 
authority on either the same taxable Company; or different Company entities which intend either to settle 
current  tax  assets  and  liabilities  on  a  net  basis,  or  to  realise  the  assets  and  settle  the  liabilities 
simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
expected to be settled or recovered. 

Operating segments 
Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  provided  to  the 
executive  directors.  The  Chief  Operating  Decision  Makers  have  been  identified  as  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. The Group supplies a single type of product into a single industry 
and so has a single operating segment. Additional information is given regarding the revenue receivable 
based on geographical location of the customer.  

No differences exist between the basis of preparation of the performance measures used by management 
and the figures in the Group financial information. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements  
The Group makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Estimates and judgements are 
continually evaluated based on historical experience and other factors, including the expectations of future 
events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. In the future, actual experience may 
differ from these estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk 
of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial 
year are discussed below. 

Provisions for inventory 
Provisions are made for obsolete, out of life and slow-moving stock items. In estimating the provisions, the 
group makes use of key management experience, precedents and specific contract and customer issues 
to assess the likelihood and quantity. Stock is accounted for on a first in, first out basis. 

The  provision  percentage  is  applied  to  various  aging  categories  dependent  on  stock  type,  this  is  a  key 
estimate made by  management  based on judgement  and if change  is applied to the percentage for the 
aged stock, then the outcome of the value of the provision would differ. 

Sensitivity analysis  
A 5% increase in the levels of the current stock provision would lead to and finance impact of an increase 
in stock provision of £10k.  

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 53 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

3.  

Financial instruments and risk management 

The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group’s risk management objectives and 
policies. The  overall  objective of the  Board  is  to set  policies that seek  to  reduce risk  as  far  as  possible 
without  unduly  affecting  the  Group’s  competitiveness  and  flexibility.  The  Group  reports  in  Sterling.  All 
funding requirements and financial risks are managed based on policies and procedures adopted by the 
Board  of  Directors.  The  Group  does  not  use  derivative  financial  instruments  such  as  forward  currency 
contracts,  or  similar  instruments.  The  Group  does  not  currently  issue  or  use  financial  instruments  of  a 
speculative  nature  but  as  described  in  the  strategic  report,  management  may  consider  the  potential 
utilisation of such instruments in the future. The Group utilises an invoice discounting facility with its bankers 
to assist in its cash flow management. In accordance with the terms of the current facility (which is available 
on demand) the risk and management of trade debtors is retained by the Group. 

Financial instruments  

Group 

Group 

Company 

Company 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables  
Trade and other receivables – 
prepayments 
Amounts due from subsidiary 
undertakings 

Cash and cash equivalents – loans and 
receivables 

Total loans and receivables 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables  
Trade and other payables – accruals  

Loans  
Obligations under lease liabilities 

3,282 

2,238 

385 

- 
3,667 

3,178 

6,845 

4,053 
534 
4,587 
503 
487 

283 

- 
2,521 

2,344 

4,865 

1,750 
457 
2,207 
503 
405 

Total current liabilities 

5,577 

3,115 

For non-current liabilities please see notes 18 and 19. 

2,532 

291 

3,090 
5,913 

3,131 

9,044 

1,587 
334 
1,921 
503 
344 

2,768 

2,238 

281 

50 
2,569 

2,337 

4,906 

1,750 
457 
2,207 
503 
313 

3,023 

Risk management 
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (primarily foreign exchange risk 
and  interest  rate  risk),  credit  risk  and  liquidity  risk.  The  Group’s  overall  risk  management  programme 
focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the 
Group’s financial performance. Risk management is carried out by the Board and their policies are outlined 
below. 

a) 

Market risk 

Foreign exchange risk 
The  Group  is  exposed  to  transaction  foreign  exchange  risk  in  its  operations  both  within  the  UK  and 
overseas. Transactions are denominated in Sterling,  US Dollars and Euros. The Group  has commercial 
agreements in place which allow it to transact with its customers in the currency of the material purchase, 
thereby allowing a large element of the transactional currency risk to pass through the Group. 

The Group is also exposed to translation foreign exchange risk on consolidation of US operations, which 
are translated into Sterling from US dollars.  This can impact the consolidated income statement and also 
create a movement in reserves from movements in the US balance sheet items. 

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 54 

Notes to the Financial Statements 
 3. 

Financial instruments and risk management (continued) 

a) 

Market risk (continued) 

The carrying value of the Group’s foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities comprise the trade 
receivables in note 16, cash in note 17 and trade payables in note 18. 

Foreign exchange risk (continued) 
The  Group’s  financial  assets  are  held  in  both  Sterling  and  US  dollars,  the  assets  are  converted  to  the 
presentation currency Sterling assets held in US dollars are in relation to the US subsidiary, movements in 
the exchange rate of the US Dollar or Euro against Sterling do have an impact on both the result for the 
year and  equity.  The Group’s  assets and  liabilities  that  are  held  in  US  Dollar  or Euro  are  held in  those 
currencies for normal trading activity in order to recover funds from customers or to pay funds to suppliers.   

The  Group’s  exposure  to  foreign  currency  risk  is  as  follows.  This  is  based  on  the  carrying  amount  of 
monetary financial instruments. 

As at 31 October 2023 

Trade debtors 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade payables 

US Dollar 
£’000 
2,685 
204 
(3,328) 

Euro 
£’000 
75 
118 
(31) 

Total 
£’000 
2,760 
322 
(3,359) 

Balance sheet exposure 

(439) 

162 

(277) 

As at 31 October 2022 

Trade debtors 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade payables 

US Dollar 
£’000 
1,729 
1,352 
(750) 

Euro 
£’000 
163 
249 
(32) 

Total 
£’000 
1,892 
1,601 
(782) 

Balance sheet exposure 

2,331 

380 

2,711 

Sensitivity analysis  
A 5% strengthening of the following currencies against the pound sterling at the balance sheet date would 
have reduced the loss by the amounts shown below. This calculation assumes that the change occurred 
at the balance sheet date and had to be applied to risk exposures existing at that date. 

US dollar 
Euro 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

28 
(8) 

117 
19 

This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular other exchange rates and interest rates remain 
constant. A 5% weakening of the above currencies against pound sterling in any year would have had the 
equal but opposite effect to the amounts shown above. Included in the US dollar value is £78k relating to 
the US Subsidiary (2022: £Nil). 

Interest rate risk 
The Group carries borrowings from leases and CBILS loans. Lease borrowings are at a fixed rate of interest 
whilst the interest on the CBILS loans is a combination of fixed rate and Bank of England base rate plus 
3.96%. The Directors do not consider there to be a significant interest rate risk on  the  element of  loans 
linked  to  movements  in  the  Bank  of  England  base  rate.  The  Group  also  has  access  to  an  invoicing 
discounting facility that carries a fixed monthly charge plus interest at a fixed rate of 5.25%. 

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 55 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

3. 

b) 

Financial instruments and risk management (continued) 

Credit risk 

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss to the Group. In order to minimise this risk, the Group endeavours only to deal with companies which 
are  demonstrably  creditworthy  and  this,  together  with  the  aggregate  financial  exposure,  is  continuously 
monitored. The maximum exposure to credit risk is the value of the outstanding amount. 

Supply of products by the Group results in trade receivables which the management consider to be of low 
risk, other receivables are likewise considered to be low risk. However, four of the customers comprise in 
excess of 10% of the revenue earned by the Group (see note 4). Credit risk on cash and cash equivalents 
is  considered  to  be  small  as  the  counterparties  are  all  substantial  banks  with  high  credit  ratings.  The 
maximum exposure is the amount of the deposit. 

c) 

Liquidity risk 

The Group currently holds cash balances in Sterling, US Dollars and Euros to provide funding for normal 
trading activity. Trade and other payables are monitored as part of normal management routine. The Group 
also  has  access  to  banking  facilities  including  invoice  finance  which  it  utilises  when  needed  in  order  to 
manage its liquidity risk. 

As at 31 October 2023 

Loan 
Obligations under lease liabilities 
Trade payables 
Accruals 
Other payables 
Invoice discounting facility 

As at 31 October 2022 

Loan 
Obligations under lease liabilities 
Trade payables 
Accruals 
Other payables 
Invoice discounting facility 

Within 1 
year 
£’000 

One to two 
years 
£’000 

Two to 
five years 
£’000 

Over five 
years 
£’000 

503 
487 
3,786 
534 
15 
68 

503 
508 
- 
- 
- 
- 

467 
1,079 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Within 1 
year 
£’000 

One to two 
years 
£’000 

Two to 
five years 
£’000 

Over five 
years 
£’000 

503 
405 
1,134 
457 
174 
175 

503 
419 
- 
- 
- 
- 

1,003 
1,373 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

d) 

Capital risk management 

For the purpose of the Group’s capital management,  capital includes issued capital, and all other equity 
reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Group.  The Group’s objectives when managing capital 
are  to  safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  in  order  to  provide  returns  for 
shareholders and benefits for other members. The Group will also seek to minimise the cost of capital and 
attempt to optimise the capital structure.  

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 56 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

4.  

Segmental analysis 

The Group supplies a single type of product into a single industry and so has a single reportable segment. 
Additional  information  is  given  regarding  the  revenue  receivable  based  on  geographical  location  of  the 
customer.  An analysis of revenue by geographical market is given below: 

Revenue 
United Kingdom 
Europe 
US 
Rest of the World 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

14,350 
41 
1,967 
53 

11,906 
10 
- 
43 

16,411 

11,959 

During the year four customers accounted for 91.9% (2022: 92.7%) of the Group’s total revenue for the 
year ended 31 October 2023. This was split as follows; Customer A – 34.5% (2022: 43.10%), Customer B 
–  34.9%  (2022:  33.4%),  Customer  C  –  10.49%  (2022:  11.44%)  and  the  fourth  customer  a  customer  of 
Velocity Composite Aerospace Inc 11.99%, previously Customer D – 3.58% (2022: 4.70%). 

The majority of revenue arises from the sale of goods. Where engineering services form a part of revenue 
it is only in support of the development or sale of the goods. 

During the current and previous year, the Group operated in Asia. No revenue was generated in Asia during 
the year ended 31 October 2023 and year ended 31 October 2022 as the site operates as an Engineering 
Support Office  for the Group. The US  subsidiary started to trade  in  April 2023,  revenue of £1,967k has 
been generated since the US subsidiary was incorporated. 

5.  

Operating loss  

The operating loss is stated after charging / (crediting): 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

3,700 
11,687 
57 
116 

297 
472 
(5) 

75 
12 

3,090 
8,079 
(259) 
53 

210 
432 
(38) 

59 
14 

Staff costs (see note 6) 
Cost of inventories 
Foreign exchange (gain)/loss 
Amortisation of development costs 
Depreciation:  

Owned assets 
Property, plant and equipment under right-of-use assets 

Profit on disposal of assets 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

Audit of the accounts of the Group 
Other audit related services (relating to interim review) 

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 57 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

6. 

Staff costs  

Wages, salaries and bonuses 
Social security costs 
Defined contribution pension costs 
Share-based payments 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

3,049 
348 
97 
206 

3,700 

2,575 
261 
84 
170 

3,090 

The average monthly number of employees including directors, during the year was as follows: 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
Head count 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
Head count 

55 
47 

102 

40 
39 

79 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

505 
21 

526 

190 
12 

202 

343 
22 

365 

121 
12 

133 

Manufacturing 
Administration 

7.  

Directors’ costs 

Directors’ remuneration included in staff costs: 
Wages, salaries and bonuses 
Defined contribution pension costs 

Remuneration of the highest paid director(s): 
Wages, salaries and bonuses or fees 
Defined contribution pension costs 

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 58 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

8.  

Exceptional administrative expenses 

Fees associated with newly issued shares 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

120 

120 

- 

- 

Exceptional  expenses  incurred  during  the  year  are  in  relation  to  the  costs  associated  with  the  cash 
fundraise  through  the  placing  and  subscription  of  the  New  Ordinary  Shares.  Total  costs  incurred  were 
£120,000 and £485,000 charged to the share premium as being directly related to newly issued shares. 

No exceptional costs were recognised in the previous year. 

9.  

Finance income and expenses 

Finance expense 
Finance charge from lease liabilities 
Other interest and invoice discounting charges 

10. 

 Income tax 

Company 

Current tax income 
UK corporation tax on income for the year  
UK corporation tax adjustment in respect of prior years – R&D 

Total tax income 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

120 
206 

326 

81 
106 

187 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

- 
- 

- 

- 
(167) 

(167) 

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 59 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

10. 

 Income tax (continued) 

The  reasons  for  the  difference  between  the  actual  tax  charge  for  the  year  and  the  standard  rate  of 
corporation tax in the United Kingdom applied to the loss for the year are as follows: 

Tax rate 

Loss for the year before tax 

Expected tax credit based on corporation tax rate 

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Adjustment in respect of prior year – R&D 
Different tax rates in other countries 
Adjustment in respect of prior year – tax losses 
Tax losses not recognised 

Total tax income 

22.00% 

19.00% 

(3,143) 

(1,504) 

(691) 

(17)  
- 
232 
- 
476 

- 

(286) 

112  
(167) 
- 
(51) 
225 

(167) 

On 3 March 2021, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced that the corporation tax rate would increase 
to 25% from 1 April 2023. It was substantively enacted on 24 May 2021.  

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled, 
or  the  asset  is  realised,  based  on  tax  law  and  the  corporation  tax  rates  that  have  been  enacted,  or 
substantively enacted, at the Statement of Financial Position date. As such, the deferred tax rate applicable 
at 31 October 2023 is 25% and deferred tax had been re-measured at this date. 

11. 

Loss per share 

Loss for the year 

Weighted average number of shares in issue 
Weighted average number of share options 
Weighted average number of shares (diluted) 

Loss per share (£) (basic) 

Loss per share (£) (diluted) 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£ 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£ 

(3,143,000) 

(1,337,000) 

Shares 

Shares 

38,410,094 
1,348,066 
39,758,160 

36,371,065 
2,110,897 
38,481,962 

(£0.08) 

(£0.04) 

(£0.08) 

(£0.04) 

Share options have not been included in the diluted calculation as they would be anti-dilutive with a loss 
being recognised. 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 60 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

12.  

Intangible assets 

Group 

Cost 
At 31 October 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Additions 
At 31 October 2023 

Amortisation 
At 31 October 2021 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Charge for the year 
At 31 October 2023 

Net book value 
At 31 October 2021 
At 31 October 2022 
At 31 October 2023 

Company 

Cost 
At 31 October 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Additions 
At 31 October 2023 

Amortisation 
At 31 October 2021 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Charge for the year 
At 31 October 2023 

Net book value 
At 31 October 2021 
At 31 October 2022 
At 31 October 2023 

Development 
costs 
£’000 

638 
136 
(199) 
575 
833 
1,408 

548 
53 
(199) 
402 
116 
518 

90 
173 
890 

Development 
costs 
£’000 

638 
136 
(199) 
575 
112 
687 

548 
53 
(199) 
402 
53 
455 

90 
173 
232 

Total 
£’000 

638 
136 
(199) 
575 
833 
1,408 

548 
53 
(199) 
402 
116 
518 

90 
173 
890 

Total 
£’000 

638 
136 
(199) 
575 
112 
687 

548 
53 
(199) 
402 
53 
455 

90 
173 
232 

Impairment 
The Group reviews the Development costs at each reporting year for indicators of impairment. An indication 
of  impairment  can  be  generated  from  the  loss  of  a  customer,  or  contracted  sales.    No  impairment  was 
judged to be required for either year.   

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 61 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

13.  

Property, plant and equipment 

Group  

Cost 
At 31 October 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Additions 
At 31 October 2023 

Depreciation 
At 31 October 2021 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Charge for the year 
At 31 October 2023 

Net book value 
At 31 October 2021 
At 31 October 2022 
At 31 October 2023 

Company 

Cost 
At 31 October 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Transferred to subsidiary 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2023 

Depreciation 
At 31 October 2021 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2022 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
At 31 October 2023 

Net book value 
At 31 October 2021 
At 31 October 2022 
At 31 October 2023 

Leasehold 
improve-
ments 
£’000 

Plant & 
machinery 
£’000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

Fixtures 
& fittings 
£’000 

491 
137 
- 
628 
367 
995 

99 
50 
- 
149 
73 
222 

392 
479 
773 

1,891 
87 
(123) 
1,855 
528 
2,383 

1,385 
116 
(119) 
1,382 
150 
1,532 

506 
473 
851 

23 
- 
- 
23 
- 
23 

23 
- 
- 
23 
- 
23 

- 
- 
- 

417 
38 
- 
455 
398 
853 

264 
44 
- 
308 
74 
382 

153 
147 
471 

Leasehold 
improve-
ments 
£’000 

Plant & 
machinery 
£’000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

Fixtures 
& fittings 
£’000 

491 
137 
- 
628 
(132) 
14 
- 
510 

99 
50 
- 
149 
50 
- 
199 

392 
479 
311 

1,891 
87 
(123) 
1,855 
(57) 
57 
- 
1,855 

1,385 
116 
(119) 
1,382 
118 
- 
1,500 

506 
473 
355 

69

23 
- 
- 
23 
- 
- 
- 
23 

23 
- 
- 
23 
- 
- 
23 

- 
- 
- 

417 
38 
- 
455 
(37) 
- 
- 
418 

264 
44 
- 
308 
42 
- 
350 

153 
147 
68 

Total 
£’000 

2,822 
262 
(123) 
2,961 
1,293 
4,254 

1,771 
210 
(119) 
1,862 
297 
2,159 

1,051 
1,099 
2,095 

Total 
£’000 

2,822 
262 
(123) 
2,961 
(226) 
71 
- 
2,806 

1,771 
210 
(119) 
1,862 
210 
- 
2,072 

1,051 
1,099 
734 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 62 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

14. 

 Investment in subsidiaries 

Subsidiary undertakings 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

A list of all the investment in subsidiaries is as follows: 

Name of 
company 

Registered 
office 

Country of 
registration 

Type of 
shares 

Proportion of 
shareholding 
and voting 
rights held 

Nature of 
business 

Directly owned   
Velocity 
Composites 
SDN. BHD 

Pentagon Suite, 
ES-04, Level 3, 
Wisma Suria, 
Jalan Teknokrat 
6, Cyber 5, 
63000, 
Cyberjaya, 
Selangor 

Velocity 
Composites 
Aerospace, Inc. 

Corporation 
Trust Center, 
1209 N. Orange 
St, Wilmington, 
Delaware 
19801 

15. 

 Inventories 

Malaysia 

Ordinary 

100% 

United States 
of America 

Ordinary 

100% 

Provider of 
engineering 
composite 
services for 
the aerospace 
sector non 
trading 

Manufacturer 
of composite 
material 
products for 
the aerospace 
sector 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Raw materials & consumables 
Finished goods 

1,830 
913 

1,114 
293 

1,023 
470 

1,114 
293 

2,743 

1,407 

1,493 

1,407 

Inventories totalling £2,743,000 (2022: £1,407,000) are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. 
The Directors consider that this value represents the best estimate of the fair value of those inventories net 
of costs to sell. The increase of inventories provision during the previous year amounted to £53,000 Velocity 
Composites PLC and £113,000 for Velocity Composites Aerospace Inc, in 2022 the release was £56,000 
for Velocity Composites PLC. 

The inventory at 31 October 2023 is after a stock provision of £374,000 (2022: £208,000). The provision 
reflects the aged stock profile consistent with FY22, as well as specific provisions related to slow moving 
stock as a result of reduced demand. 

Inventories recognised as an expense during the year ended 31 October 2023 amounted to £11,687,000 
(2022: £8,079,000), and these were included in cost of sales. 

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 63 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

16.  

Trade and other receivables 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Trade receivables 
Prepayments  
Other receivables 
Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings 

3,187 
385 
95 
- 

2,227 
283 
11 
- 

2,489 
291 
43 
3,090 

2,227 
281 
11 
50 

3,667 

2,521 

5,913 

2,569 

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold or services performed in the ordinary 
course of business. They are generally due for settlement within an average of 71 days (2022: 68 days) 
and  therefore  are  all  classified  as  current.  Trade  receivables  are  recognised  initially  at  the  amount  of 
consideration  that is unconditional unless  they contain significant financing components, when they are 
recognised at fair value. The Group holds the trade receivables with the objective to collect the contractual 
cash  flows  and  therefore  measures  them  subsequently  at  amortised  cost.  Details  about  the  Group’s 
impairment policies  and credit  risk  are  provided  in note 3. No Trade  receivables (Group and Company) 
were overdue over three months at the year end (2022: £Nil). 

The overall expected credit loss is trivial (2022: trivial). There is no movement in allowance of impairment 
of trade receivables during each year. 

Trade receivables (Group and Company) held in currencies other than sterling are as follows: 

Euro 
US Dollar 

17.  

Cash and cash equivalents 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

75 
2,685 

165 
1,742 

2,760 

1,907 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Cash at bank 

3,178 

2,344 

3,131 

2,337 

3,178 

2,344 

3,131 

2,337 

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 64 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

18.  

Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Accruals and deferred income 
Other taxes and social security 
Other payables 
Invoice discounting facility 

Book values approximate to fair values. 

19.  

Bank loans 

Not later than one year 
One to two years 
Two to five years 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

3,786 
534 
184 
15 
68 

1,134 
457 
267 
174 
175 

1,322 
334 
183 
14 
68 

1,134 
457 
267 
174 
175 

4,587 

2,207 

1,921 

2,207 

Group 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

503 
503 
467 

503 
503 
1,003 

503 
503 
467 

503 
503 
1,003 

1,473 

2,009 

1,473 

2,009 

In FY20 the Company took out a Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan for £2.0m and on 19 January 
2021 the term of this loan was extended to 6 years.  Repayment by instalment commenced in August 2021, 
with the final instalment due in August 2026. The loan was interest free for the initial 12 months, followed 
by an interest rate of 3.96% above the Bank of England base rate which was 5.25% as at 31 October 2023.  
Therefore the rate payable at 22 January 2024 is 9.21%. 

During FY21, the Company took out a further Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan for £0.45m secured 
against owned non-current assets. This is being repaid over 5 years with the first payment made in July 
2021 and the final instalment due in June 2026.  The loan was interest free for the initial 12 months, followed 
by an interest rate of 7.75% per annum.   

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 65 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

20.  

Leases 

Right-of-use-assets 

Group 

Cost 
Balance at 31 October 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2022 
Additions 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2023 

Depreciation  
Balance at 31 October 2021 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2022 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2023 

NBV 
At 31 October 2021 
At 31 October 2022 
At 31 October 2023 

Land & 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant & 
machinery 
£’000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

1,641 
1,013 
(221) 
2,433 
232 
- 
2,665 

399 
300 
(221) 
478 
363 
- 
841 

1,242 
1,955 
1,824 

561 
- 
- 
561 
- 
- 
561 

190 
104 
- 
294 
81 
- 
375 

371 
267 
186 

110 
- 
- 
110 
100 
(5) 
205 

35 
28 
- 
63 
28 
(5) 
86 

75 
47 
119 

Total 
£’000 

2,312 
1,013 
(221) 
3,104 
332 
(5) 
3,431 

624 
432 
(221) 
835 
472 
(5) 
1,302 

1,688 
2,269 
2,129 

The  associated  right-of-use  assets  for  property  leases  and  other  assets  were  measured  at  the  amount 
equal to the lease liability, adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or accrued lease payments relating to 
that lease recognised in the statement of financial position as at 31 October 2023. 

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 66 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

20.  

Leases (continued) 

Right-of-use-assets (continued) 

Company 

Cost 
Balance at 31 October 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2022 
Additions 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2023 

Depreciation  
Balance at 31 October 2021 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2022 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Disposals 
Balance at 31 October 2023 

NBV 
At 31 October 2021 
At 31 October 2022 
At 31 October 2023 

Land & 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant & 
machinery 
£’000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

1,641 
556 
(221) 
1,976 
- 
- 
1,976 

399 
300 
(221) 
478 
282 
- 
760 

1,242 
1,498 
1,216 

561 
- 
- 
561 
- 
- 
561 

190 
104 
- 
294 
81 
- 
375 

371 
267 
186 

110 
- 
- 
110 
100 
(5) 
205 

35 
28 
- 
63 
28 
(5) 
86 

75 
47 
119 

Total 
£’000 

2,312 
556 
(221) 
2,647 
100 
(5) 
2,742 

624 
432 
(221) 
835 
391 
(5) 
1,221 

1,688 
1,812 
1,521 

The  associated  right-of-use  assets  for  property  leases  and  other  assets  were  measured  at  the  amount 
equal to the lease liability, adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or accrued lease payments relating to 
that lease recognised in the statement of financial position as at 31 October 2023. 

Right-of-use lease liabilities 

At 31 October 2022 
Repayment 
Additions to right-of-use assets in exchange for increased lease liabilities 
Interest and other movements 

At 31 October 2023 

Group 
£’000 

Company 
£’000 

2,197 
(506) 
332 
51 

1,755 
(372) 
105 
52 

2,074 

1,540 

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 67 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

20.  

Leases (continued) 

Right-of-use lease liabilities (continued) 

Analysis by length of liability   

Group 

Current 
Non-current 

Company 

Current 
Non-current 

Land & 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant & 
equipment 
£,000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

420 
1,375 

1,795 

42 
113 

155 

124 

2,074 

Land & 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant & 
equipment 
£,000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

277 
984 

1,261 

42 
113 

155 

124 

1,540 

Total 
£’000 

487 
1,587 

Total 
£’000 

344 
1,196 

25 
99 

25 
99 

Number of right-to-use assets leased 
Range of remaining term 

6 
1-10 years 

5 
1-10 years 

2 
1-4 years 

Number of right-to-use assets leased 
Range of remaining term 

5 
1-10 years 

5 
1-10 years 

2 
1-4 years 

Reconciliation of minimum lease payments to present value  

Group 

31 October 2023 
Not later than one year 
Later than one year and not later than two years 
Later than two years and not later than five years 

31 October 2022 
Not later than one year 
Later than one year and not later than two years 
Later than two years and not later than five years 

Minimum 
lease 
payments 
£’000 

Interest 
£’000 

Present 
value 
£’000 

585 
589 
1,209 

2,383 

505 
505 
1,545 

2,555 

98 
81 
130 

309 

100 
86 
172 

358 

487 
508 
1,079 

2,074 

405 
419 
1,373 

2,197 

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 68 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

20.  

Leases (continued) 

Right-of-use lease liabilities (continued) 

Reconciliation of minimum lease payments to present value (continued) 

Company 

31 October 2023 
Not later than one year 
Later than one year and not later than two years 
Later than two years and not later than five years 

31 October 2022 
Not later than one year 
Later than one year and not later than two years 
Later than two years and not later than five years 

Minimum 
lease 
payments 
£’000 

Interest 
£’000 

Present 
value 
£’000 

424 
430 
927 

80 
64 
97 

344 
366 
830 

1,781 

241 

1,540 

400 
400 
1,248 

2,048 

87 
72 
134 

293 

313 
328 
1,114 

1,755 

Low value leases 
The Group leases comprise both office and assembly space, under low value leases.  The total value of 
the minimum lease payments due is payable is £Nil (2022: £Nil). 

Low  value  leases  not  classed  as  right-of-use  assets  due  to  the  minimal  value  of  the  lease,  relate  to  a 
building security contract, all other prior year operating leases have been classed as right-to-use asset on 
transition to IFRS 16. Payments made under such leases are expensed on a straight-line basis.  

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 69 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

21. 

Deferred tax 

Deferred  tax  is  calculated  in  full  on  temporary  differences  under  the  liability  method  using  tax  rates 
appropriate for the year. The movement on the deferred tax account is as shown below: 

The movement on the deferred tax (asset)/liability is shown below: 

Company 

Unrecognised deferred tax in respect of losses brought forward  
Corporation tax loss adjustments in respect of prior year 
Corporation tax losses arising during the year 
Adjustment for movement in corporation tax rate 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

(1,401) 
- 
(229) 
- 

(840) 
(51) 
(174) 
(336) 

Unrecognised deferred tax in respect of losses carried forward 

(1,630) 

(1,401) 

The Group has unused tax losses which were incurred by the holding company. A deferred tax asset of 
£1,774,000 (2022: £1,401,000) is not recognised in these accounts. Corporation tax losses can be carried 
forward indefinitely and can be offset against future profits which are subject to UK corporation tax. 

22. 

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities 

Group 

Lease 
liabilities < 
one year 
£’000 

Other 
short-term 
borrowings 
£’000 

Lease 
liabilities > 
one year 
£’000 

Other 
long-term 
borrowings 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

At 31 October 2021 

309 

514 

1,240 

1,998 

4,061 

Cash flows 
Repayment 

Non-cash 
Other differences 
Increase to lease liabilities 
Transfer from long-term to 
short term borrowings 

At 31 October 2022 

Cash flows 
Repayment 

Non-cash 
Other differences 
Increase to lease liabilities 
Transfer from long-term to 
short term borrowings 

As at 31 October 2023 

(457) 

(503) 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(960) 

92 
1,013 

92 
1,013 

- 
- 

553 

405 

- 
- 

492 

503 

(553) 

(492) 

- 

1,792 

1,506 

4,206 

(506) 

(536) 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(1,042) 

332 
51 

- 

332 
51 

(588) 

(536) 

1,587 

970 

3,547 

- 
- 

588 

487 

- 
- 

536 

503 

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 70 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

22. 

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities (continued) 

Company 

Lease 
liabilities < 
one year 
£’000 

Other 
short-term 
borrowings 
£’000 

Lease 
liabilities > 
one year 
£’000 

Other 
long-term 
borrowings 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

At 31 October 2021 

309 

514 

1,240 

1,998 

4,061 

Cash flows 
Repayment 

Non-cash 
Other differences 
Increase to lease liabilities 
Transfer from long-term to 
short term borrowings 

At 31 October 2022 

Cash flows 
Repayment 

Non-cash 
Other differences 
Increase to lease liabilities 
Transfer from long-term to 
short term borrowings 

As at 31 October 2023 

23.  

Share capital 

(442) 

(503) 

- 

(372) 

(536) 

- 

92 
556 

52 
105 

- 
- 

446 

313 

- 
- 

492 

503 

- 
- 

403 

344 

- 
- 

536 

503 

(446) 

(492) 

1,442 

1,506 

3,764 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

(945) 

92 
556 

- 

(908) 

52 
105 

- 

(403) 

(536) 

1,196 

970 

3,013 

31 October 
2023 
£ 

31 October 
2022 
£ 

133,483 

91,147 

Share capital issued and fully paid 
53,393,368 (2022: 36,458,997) Ordinary shares of £0.0025 each 

Ordinary shares have a par value of 0.25p. They entitle the holder to participate in dividends, and to share 
in the proceeds of winding up the Company in proportion to the number of and amounts paid on the shares 
held.  

On a show of hands every holder of ordinary shares present at a meeting in person or by proxy, is entitled 
to  one  vote,  and upon  a poll each share  is  entitled  to one vote. The  Company  does not  have  a  limited 
amount of authorised capital. 

Movements in share capital 

Ordinary shares of £0.0025 each 
At the beginning of the year  
Exercising of share options 
Allotted, issued and fully paid in the year 

Closing share capital at 31 October 2023 

Nominal 
value 
£ 

Number of 
shares 

91,147 
1,154 
41,182 

36,458,997 
461,788 
16,472,583 

133,483 

53,393,368 

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 71 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

23.  

Share capital (continued) 

On  17  March  2023,  the  Company  issued  305,856  new  ordinary  shares  of  £0.0025  each  to  satisfy  the 
exercise of options granted under the Group’s 2022 Share Option Scheme. 

On 27 March 2023, the company issued a further 155,932 new ordinary shares of £0.0025 each to satisfy 
the exercise of options granted under the Group’s 2022 Share Option Scheme. 

During the year ended 31 October 2023, 16,472,583 new ordinary shares were issued. The shares issued 
had a nominal value of £0.0025 each and were issued at £0.40 each. 

Options 
Information  relating  to  the  Velocity  Composites  plc  Employee  Option  Plan,  including  details  of  options 
issued, exercised and lapsed during the financial year and options outstanding at the end of the reporting 
year, is set out in note 25.  

24. 

Share premium 

At the beginning of the year 
Shares issued net of transaction costs 
Reduction of Share Premium Account 

At the end of the year 

25. 

Share-based payments 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

9,727 
6,063 
(10,920) 

9,727 
- 
- 

4,870 

9,727 

The  Group’s  employees  are  granted  option  awards  under  the  Velocity  Composites  Limited  Enterprise 
Management Incentive and Unapproved Scheme.  

The share options dated 13 March & 17 October 2017 have no attached performance conditions and have 
vested as a resulted of continued employment. The options may be exercised at any point up to the tenth 
anniversary of the grant date. 

The  225,000  share  options  dated  29  October  2019  have  no  attached  performance  conditions  and  vest 
subject only to continued employment. They vest after 3 years, or earlier if a vesting event occurs as defined 
in  the  rules  of  the  Scheme.  They  were  awarded  in  relation  to  joining  senior  management,  providing  an 
equity incentive around the performance of the business. 125,000 of these share options had lapsed due 
to people leaving the business. 

Share  options dated 29  October  2019  in the year have lapsed,  the options have attached  performance 
conditions linked to adjusted EBITDA. They vest after two years, or earlier if a vesting event occurs in the 
rules of the Scheme. The options may be exercised at any point up to the tenth anniversary grant date. 
There were  1,480,000  originally issued  and as  of the  year ended 31 October 2022,  1,480,000  of  these 
share options had lapsed due to people leaving the business. 

The 155,932 remaining shares options dated 30 October 2020 have no attached performance conditions 
and have been issued in exchange for qualifying staff agreeing to accept 20% of their basic salary in equity 
alternatives. 

The 28,805 shares options dated 1 April 2021 have no attached performance conditions and have been 
issued in exchange for qualifying staff agreeing to accept 20% of their basic salary in equity alternatives. 

The 250,000 shares options dated 1 April 2021 have no attached performance conditions and vest subject 
only to continued employment. They vest after 3 years, or earlier if a vesting event occurs as defined in the 
rules  of the  Scheme.  They were  awarded  in  relation  to joining senior  management,  providing an  equity 
incentive around the performance of the business. 

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 72 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

25. 

Share-based payments (continued) 

The 479,999 shares options dated 26 January 2022 have no attached performance conditions and have 
been  issued  in  exchange  for  qualifying  staff  agreeing  to  accept  20%  of  their  basic  salary  in  equity 
alternatives. 

The 20,940 shares options dated 29 March 2022 have no attached performance conditions and have been 
issued in exchange for qualifying staff agreeing to accept 20% of their basic salary in equity alternatives. 

During the year ended 31 October 2023, further share options were granted as follows: 

807,200 shares options dated 28 March 2023. These  options have no attached  performance conditions 
and have been issued in exchange for qualifying staff agreeing to accept 20% of their basic salary in equity 
alternatives. 

Vesting events are defined within the rules of the Scheme as a reorganisation, takeover, sale, listing (except 
on AIM), asset sale or death of the Option holder. 

There were no cancellations or modifications to the awards in the year. 

The following options were outstanding as at 31 October 2023: 

Scheme and 
grant date 

Exercise 
price (£) 

Vesting 
date 

Expiry date 

Vested  Not vested 

Total 

13 March 2017 
17 October 2017 
29 October 2019 
29 October 2019 
30 October 2020 
01 April 2021 
01 April 2021 
01 April 2021 
26 January 2022 
29 March 2022 
28 March 2023 

0.0025  13 Mar 2019  13 Mar 2027 
17 Oct 2027 
0.6926  17 Oct 2019 
29 Oct 2031 
0.2065  29 Oct 2022 
0.2065  29 Oct 2021 
29 Oct 2031 
0.2065  01 Nov 2021  01 Nov 2026 
01 Apr 2026 
0.0025  01 Apr 2021 
01 Apr 2026 
0.1300  01 Apr 2021 
0.1580  01 Apr 2021 
01 Apr 2026 
0.0025  26 Jan 2023  01 Nov 2027 
0.0025  29 Mar 2023  01 Nov 2027 
0.0025  28 Mar 2023  01 Nov 2023 

95,676 
25,000 
100,000 
- 
155,932 
28,805 
- 
- 
321,411 
20,940 
75,000 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
 125,000  
 - 
- 
- 
549,467 

95,676 
25,000 
100,000 
- 
155,932 
28,805 
125,000 
-  
321,411 
20,940 
624,467 

822,764 

674,467 

1,497,231 

The Group recognised a cost of £206,000 (2022: £170,000) relating to share-based payment transactions 
which are all equity settled, an equivalent amount being transferred to share-based payment reserve. This 
reflects the fair value of the options, which has been derived through use of the Black-Scholes model. 

The cost of share-based payments is included in “Administrative expenses” within the Statement of total 
comprehensive income.  The share-based payments reserve is used to recognise the grant date fair value 
of options issued to employees but not exercised. The table below sets out the movement to the share-
based payment reserves in the year. 

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 73 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

25. 

Share-based payment (continued) 

Movement in share options 

Scheme and 
grant date 

As at 1 
Nov 2022 
£’000 

Issued 
£’000 

Expired 
£’000 

Exercised 
£’000 

Vested 
£’000 

As at 31 
Oct 2023 
£’000 

1 January 2017 
13 March 2017 
17 October 2017 
29 October 2019 
30 October 2020 
01 April 2021 
01 April 2021 
01 April 2021 
26 January 2022 
26 January 2022 
29 March 2022 
28 March 2023 

264 
55 
22 
107 
72 
7 
14 
14 
94 
31 
4 
- 

684 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
276 

276 

- 
- 
(10) 
(27) 
- 
(7) 
- 
(6) 
(14) 
(7) 
- 
- 

(70) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

(264) 
- 
(2) 
(64) 
(48) 
- 
- 
- 
(33) 
- 
- 
- 

(412) 

- 
55 
10 
16 
24 
- 
14 
8 
47 
24 
4 
276 

478 

26. 

Related party transactions 

Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiary, which are related parties, have been 
eliminated on consolidation. However, the key transactions with the Company are disclosed as follows: 

The Group has previously engaged IN4.0 Access Limited, which provides consulting services.  One of the 
directors of IN4.0 Talent Recruitment Limited is a director of Velocity Composites plc. The Group paid £Nil 
(2022: £37,270) to IN4.0 Talent Recruitment Limited during the year and had £Nil outstanding at the year 
end (2022: £Nil). The services related to a specialist software engineer and were at arm’s length market 
rates for such expertise, with the fees being passed directly on to the consultant, less an administration 
fee.  

During  the  year  the  Group  engaged  Northwest  Aerospace  Alliance,  which  provides  membership  and 
subscription services for the Aerospace Industry.  One of the directors of Northwest Aerospace Alliance 
Limited  is  a  director  of  Velocity  Composites  plc.  The  Group  paid  £2,009  (2022:  £5,775)  to  Northwest 
Aerospace Alliance during the year and had £Nil outstanding at the year end (2022: £1,000). 

The following balances existed at year end with related parties (payable)/receivable: 

Related parties 

27.  

Ultimate controlling party 

31 October 
2023 
£’000 

31 October 
2022 
£’000 

- 

(1) 

The Directors do not consider there to be an ultimate controlling party due to no individual party owning a 
majority share in the Group. 

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Velocity Composites plc 
Financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2023 

Financial Statements  Notes to the Financial Statements

 74 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

28. 

Capital commitments  

At 31 October 2023 the Group had £Nil (2022: £582,000) of capital commitments relating to the purchase 
of leasehold improvements, plant and machinery and fixture and fittings. 

29. 

Pension commitments 

The Group makes contributions to defined contribution stakeholder pension schemes. The contributions for 
the year of £97,191 (2022: £84,488) were charged to the Consolidated Income statement. Contributions 
outstanding as at 31 October 2023 were £13,595 (2022: £14,107). 

30. 

Contingent liabilities 

As at 31 October 2023 the Group had in place bank guarantees of £Nil (2022: £Nil) in respect of supplier 
trade accounts.  

As at 31 October 2023, National Westminster Bank plc hold a debenture that provides a fixed and floating 
charge on the assets of the Company. 

31. 

Adjusted EBITDA 

EBITDA  is  considered  by  the  Board  to  be  a  useful  alternative  performance  measure  reflecting  the 
operational profitability of the business. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before finance charges, 
taxation, depreciation, amortisation and adjusted for share-based payments. Share-based payments are 
added back to make the share-based payment charge clear to stakeholders. 

Reconciliation from operating loss 

Operating loss  
Add back: 
Share-based payments 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortisation 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets under IFRS 16 
Exceptional Administration expenses 

Year ended 
31 October 
2023 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£’000 

(2,817) 

(1,317) 

206 
297 
116 
472 
120 

170 
210 
53 
432 
- 

Adjusted EBITDA 

(1,606) 

(452) 

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Information  Advisers

Advisers

Company registration number:

06389233

Company Secretary and  
Registered office: 

Nominated adviser and broker 

Andrew Hebb (appointed 23 August 2023)
AMS Technology Park
Billington Road
Burnley
Lancashire
BB11 5UB

Cavendish Capital Markets Limited
One Bartholomew Close
London
EC1A 7BL

Bankers: 

National Westminster Bank 
1 Hardman Boulevard 
Manchester 
M3 3AQ 

HSBC Bank USA 
452 5th Avenue  
New York 
NY 10018

Legal Advisers 

Independent Auditor

Registrars 

Financial PR

Royal Bank of Scotland 
1 Hardman Boulevard 
Manchester 
M3 3AQ

Fieldfisher LLP
17th Floor No 1
Spinningfields
1 Hardman Street
Manchester
M3 3EB

Cooper Parry Group Limited
Sky View
Argosy Road
East Midland Airport
Castle Donington
Derby
DE74 2SA

Equiniti Limited
Aspect House
Spencer Road
Lancing
West Sussex
BN99 6DA

SEC Newgate UK Limited
14 Greville Street 
London 
EC1N 8SB

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Information  Notice of AGM

Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting (Meeting) of Velocity Composites plc (Company) 
will be held at the offices of AMS Technology Park, Billington Rd, Burnley BB11 5UB on 12 March 2024 at 
10 am to consider, and if thought fit, pass the following resolutions. Resolutions 1 to 8 (inclusive) will be 
proposed as ordinary resolutions and resolutions 9, 10, and 11 will be proposed as special resolutions.

Ordinary Business 

Ordinary Resolutions

1.  To receive and adopt the Annual Report and Accounts of the Company for the period ended 31 

October 2023 and the reports of the directors and independent auditors thereon.

2.  To approve the Directors’ Remuneration Report contained within the Company’s Annual Report 

and Accounts for the period ended 31 October 2023.

3.  To  re-appoint  as  a  non-executive  director  David  Warren  Bailey  who  retires  from  office  in 

accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association and offers himself for re-appointment.

4.  To re-appoint as a non-executive director Annette Rothwell who retires from office in accordance 

with the Company’s Articles of Association and offers herself for re-appointment.

5.  To re-appoint as a non-executive director Andrew Michael Beaden who retires from office in 

accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association and offers himself for re-appointment.

6.  To re-appoint as a director Jonathan Karl Bridges who retires from office in accordance with the 

Company’s Articles of Association and offers himself for re-appointment.

7.  To re-appoint Cooper Parry Group Limited as independent auditors of the Company, from the 
conclusion of this Annual General Meeting until the conclusion of the next general meeting 
of the Company at which accounts are laid and to authorise the directors to determine the 
auditors’ remuneration. 

Special Business 

Ordinary Resolutions 

8.  To resolve that the directors be and are hereby generally and unconditionally authorised for the 
purposes of Section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 (the “Act”), to exercise all the powers of the 
Company to allot shares and grant rights to subscribe for, or convert any security into, shares:

8.1  up to a maximum nominal amount (within the meaning of Section 551(3) and (6) of the Act) of 
£44,494.4733 (such amount to be reduced by the nominal amount allotted or granted under 
paragraph 8.2 below in excess of such amount); and

8.2   comprising equity securities (as defined in Section 560(1) of the Act) up to an aggregate 
nominal amount (within the meaning of Section 551(3) and (6) of the Act) of £88,988.9467 
(such amount to be reduced by any allotments or grants made under paragraph 8.1 above) 
in  connection with or pursuant to an offer by way of a rights issue in favour of holders of 
ordinary shares in proportion (as nearly as practicable) to the respective number of ordinary 
shares held by them on the record date for such allotment (and holders of any other class 
of equity securities entitled to participate therein or if the directors consider it necessary, 

84

 
 
  
 
Shareholder Information  Notice of AGM

as  permitted  by  the  rights  of  those  securities),  but  subject  to  such  exclusions  or  other 
arrangements as the directors may consider necessary or appropriate to deal with fractional 
entitlements, treasury shares, record dates or legal, regulatory or practical difficulties which 
may arise under the laws of, or the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange 
in any territory or any other matter whatsoever,

these  authorisations  to  expire  at  the  conclusion  of  the  next  Annual  General  Meeting  of  the 
Company (or if earlier on 5 March 2025), unless previously revoked or varied by the Company 
(save that the Company may before such expiry make any offer or agreement which would or 
might require shares to be allotted or rights to be granted after such expiry, and the directors may 
allot shares, or grant rights to subscribe for or to convert any security into shares in pursuance of 
any such offer or agreement as if the authorisations conferred hereby had not expired).

Special Resolutions

9.  To resolve that, subject to the passing of resolution 8 set out above, the directors be and are 
hereby given power pursuant to Sections 570(1) and 573 of the Act to allot equity securities (as 
defined in Section 560(1) of the Act) for cash pursuant to the authorisation conferred by that 
resolution and/or to sell ordinary shares held by the Company as treasury shares, as if Section 
561 of the Act did not apply to any such allotment or sale, provided that such authority be limited:

9.1  to the allotment of equity securities for cash in connection with or pursuant to an offer of, 
or invitation to acquire, equity securities (but in the case of the authorisation granted under 
resolution 8.2 above, by way of a rights issue only) in favour of holders of ordinary shares 
in  proportion  (as  nearly  as  practicable)  to  the  respective  number  of  ordinary  shares  held 
by  them  on  the  record  date  for  such  allotment  (and  holders  of  any  other  class  of  equity 
securities entitled to participate therein or if the directors consider it necessary, as permitted 
by the rights of those securities) but subject to such exclusions or other arrangements as 
the directors may consider necessary or appropriate to deal with treasury shares, fractional 
entitlements, record dates or legal, regulatory or practical difficulties which may arise under 
the laws of or the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange in any territory or 
any other matter whatsoever; and

9.2  to  the  allotment  of  equity  securities  or  sale  of  treasury  shares  (otherwise  than  under 

paragraph 9.1 above) up to an aggregate nominal amount of £13,348.342,

such authority to expire at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting of the Company (or, if 
earlier, on 5 March 2025), unless previously revoked or varied by the Company (save that the Company 
may before such expiry make any offer or agreement that would or might require equity securities to be 
allotted, or treasury shares to be sold, after such expiry and the directors may allot equity securities, or 
sell treasury shares in pursuance of any such offer or agreement as if the power conferred hereby had 
not expired).

10.  That, subject to the passing of resolution number 9 above, the directors be and they are hereby 
empowered, pursuant to section 570 of the Act, to allot equity securities (as defined in section 
560 of the Act) for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by resolution number 9 or by way of a 
sale of treasury shares as if section 561 of the Act did not apply to any such allotment, provided 
that this power shall be limited to:

10.1  the  allotment  of  equity  securities  up  to  an  aggregate  nominal  amount  of  £  13,348.342; 
and used for the purposes of financing (or refinancing, if such refinancing occurs within 
six months of the original transaction) a transaction which the directors determine to be 
an  acquisition  or  other  capital  investment  of  a  kind  contemplated  by  the  Statement  of 
Principles on Disapplying Pre-Emption Rights most recently published by the Pre-Emption 
Group prior to the date of this notice, 

85

Shareholder Information  Notice of AGM

and shall expire upon the expiry of the general authority conferred by resolution 9 above, except that 
the Company may before such expiry make offers or agreements which would or might require equity 
securities to be allotted and/or shares held by the Company in treasury to be sold or transferred 
after such expiry and the directors may allot equity securities and/or sell or transfer shares held by 
the Company in treasury in pursuance of such offers or agreements as if the power conferred by 
this resolution had not expired.

11.  To  authorise  the  Company  generally  and  unconditionally  for  the  purposes  of  section  701  of 
the Act to make market purchases (within the meaning of section 693(4) of the Act) of any of 
the ordinary shares in the capital of the Company on such terms and in such manner as the 
directors may from time to time determine, such shares to be either held as treasury shares or 
cancelled as the board may determine, provided that:

11.1   the maximum aggregate number of shares that may be purchased is 5,339,336;

11.2   the minimum price that may be paid for each ordinary share is the nominal amount of such 

share which amount shall be exclusive of expenses, if any;

11.3   the maximum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share is 

an amount equal to the higher of:

11.3.1  105 per cent of the average of the middle market quotations for the ordinary shares 
of  the  Company  (as  derived  from  the  AIM  Appendix  to  the  Daily  Official  List  of 
London Stock Exchange plc) for the five business days immediately preceding the 
day on which such share is contracted to be purchased; and

11.3.2  the  higher  of  the  price  of  the  last  independent  trade  and  the  highest  current 
independent bid on the London Stock Exchange as stipulated by the Commission-
adopted  Regulatory  Technical  Standards  pursuant  to  article  5(6)  of  the  Market 
Abuse Regulation; 

11.4  the  Company  may,  before  this  authority  expires,  make  a  contract  to  purchase  ordinary 
shares that would or might be executed wholly or partly after the expiry of this authority, 
and  may  make  purchases  of  ordinary  shares  pursuant  to  it  as  if  this  authority  had  not 
expired; and

11.5  unless  previously  renewed,  revoked  or  varied,  this  authority  shall  expire  on  12  March 
2025, or if earlier, at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting of the Company.

By order of the Board

Andrew Hebb  
Company Secretary 
22 January 2024

Registered Office: AMS Technology Park, Billington Road, Burnley, Lancashire, BB11 5UB 
Registered in England and Wales No. 06389233

86

 
Shareholder Information  Notes to Notice of AGM

Notes to Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notes to the AGM

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

Only those shareholders registered in the Company’s register of members at: 6.30pm on 8 March 
2024; or if this meeting is adjourned, at 6.30pm on the day two days prior to the adjourned meeting 
(excluding  non-business  days)  shall  be  entitled  to  vote  at  the  meeting.  Changes  to  the  register  of 
members after the relevant deadline shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person to 
attend and vote at the meeting.

Any member wishing to vote at the meeting without attending in person or (in the case of a corporation) 
through its duly appointed representative must appoint a proxy to do so. You may appoint more than 
one proxy provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached to different shares. 
You may not appoint more than one proxy to exercise rights attached to any one share. A proxy need 
not be a shareholder of the Company. To appoint more than one proxy, please return a separate form 
in relation to each proxy to the Company’s registrar, Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, 
Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA, clearly indicating next to the name of each proxy the number and 
class of shares in respect of which he is appointed. Failure to specify the number of shares to which 
each proxy appointment relates or specifying a number in excess of those held by the shareholder will 
result in the proxy appointment being invalid. If you submit more than one valid proxy appointment 
in respect of the same shares, the appointment received last before the latest time for the receipt of 
proxies will take precedence.

A form of proxy accompanies this notice and the notes to the proxy form explain how to direct your 
proxy how to vote on each resolution or withhold their vote. You are advised to read the terms and 
conditions of use carefully.

In the case of joint holders, where more than one of the joint holders completes a proxy appointment, 
only the appointment submitted by the most senior holder will be accepted. Seniority is determined 
by the order in which the names of the joint holders appear in the Company’s register of members in 
respect of the joint holding (the first named being the most senior).

CREST  members  who  wish  to  appoint  a  proxy  or  proxies  through  the  CREST  electronic  proxy 
appointment service may do so for the meeting (and any adjournment of the meeting) by using the 
procedures  described  in  the  CREST  manual  (available  from  www.euroclear.com/site/public/EUI). 
CREST Personal Members or other CREST sponsored members, and those CREST members who 
have appointed a service provider(s), should refer to their CREST sponsor or voting service provider(s), 
who will be able to take the appropriate action on their behalf.

In  order  for  a  proxy  appointment  made  by  means  of  CREST  to  be  valid,  the  appropriate  CREST 
message (a CREST Proxy Instruction) must be properly authenticated in accordance with Euroclear 
UK & Ireland Limited’s specifications and must contain the information required for such instructions, 
as described in the CREST Manual. The message must be transmitted so as to be received by Equiniti 
Limited (ID: RA19) not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for the Annual General Meeting. For 
this purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the time (as determined by the timestamp applied 
to the message by the CREST Applications Host) from which Equiniti is able to retrieve the message 
by enquiry to CREST. After this time any change of instructions to proxies appointed through CREST 
should  be  communicated  to  the  appointee  through  other  means.  Euroclear  UK  &  Ireland  Limited 
does  not  make  available  special  procedures  in  CREST  for  any  particular  messages  and  normal 
system timings and limitations will apply in relation to the input of a CREST Proxy Instruction. It is the 
responsibility of the CREST member concerned to take such action as shall be necessary to ensure 
that a message is transmitted by means of the CREST system by any particular time. The Company 
may treat as invalid a CREST Proxy Instruction in the circumstances set out in Regulation 35(5)(a) of 
the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001.

7. 

In  order  to  revoke  a  proxy  instruction,  you  will  need  to  inform  the  Company  by  sending  a  signed 
notice  clearly  stating  your  intention  to  revoke  your  proxy  appointment  to  the  Company’s  registrar, 
Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA, by no later than 

87

Shareholder Information  Notes to Notice of AGM

10.00am on 8 March 2024. In the case of a member that is a company, the revocation notice must  
be executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by an officer of the Company or a duly 
appointed attorney for the Company. Any power of attorney or any other authority under which the 
revocation  notice  is  signed  (or  a  duly  certified  copy  of  such  power  or  authority)  must  be  included 
with the revocation notice. The revocation notice must be received by Equiniti Limited no later than 
10.00am  on  8  March  2024.  If  you  attempt  to  revoke  your  proxy  appointment  but  the  revocation  is 
received after the time specified, then your proxy appointment will remain valid.

If you are an institutional investor, you may be able to appoint a proxy electronically via the Proxymity 
platform, a process which has been agreed by the Company and approved by the Registrar. For further 
information regarding Proxymity, please go to www.proxymity.io. Your proxy must be lodged by 10.00 
am on 8 March 2024 in order to be considered valid. Before you can appoint a proxy via this process 
you will need to have agreed to Proxymity’s associated terms and conditions. It is important that you 
read these carefully as you will be bound by them, and they will govern the electronic appointment of 
your proxy.

As at 6.30pm on 22 January 2024 (the latest practicable date prior to the printing of this notice) (i) the 
Company’s issued share capital consisted of 53,393,368 ordinary shares, carrying one vote each, 
and (ii) the total voting rights in the Company were 53,393,368. The Company’s website will include 
information on the number of shares and voting rights.

8. 

9. 

10.  Please note that as shareholders may not be able to attend this year’s Annual General Meeting, the 
Company is proposing to allow shareholders the opportunity to raise any issues or concerns arising 
from the business proposed to be conducted at the meeting. Appropriate questions on the business 
of the meeting should be emailed to ir@velocity-composites.com before 6.30pm on 8 March 2024 and 
responses will be posted on the Company’s website, www.velocity-composites.com on the morning 
of the Annual General Meeting. The Company must answer any such question relating to the business 
being  dealt  with  at  the  meeting  but  no  such  answer  need  be  given  if  (a)  to  do  so  would  interfere 
unduly with the preparation for the meeting or involve the disclosure of confidential information, (b) 
the answer has already been given on a website in the form of an answer to a question, or (c) it is 
undesirable in the interests of the Company or the good order of the meeting that the question be 
answered.

11. 

The register of directors’ interests in the shares of the Company and copies of the directors’ service 
contracts and letters of appointment, other than those expiring or determinable without payment of 
compensation within one year, are available for inspection at the registered office of the Company 
during the usual business hours on any weekday (Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays excluded) 
from  the  date  of  this  notice  until  the  Annual  General  Meeting,  subject  to  restrictions  in  place  for 
Covid-19 safety in accordance with UK Government guidelines, and will be available for inspection 
at the place of the Annual General Meeting for at least 15 minutes prior to and during the meeting, 
subject to restrictions in place for Covid-19 safety in accordance with UK Government guidelines.

12.  Pursuant to regulation 41 of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001, only those shareholders 
registered in the register of members of the Company by 6.30pm on 8 March 2024 shall be entitled to 
attend and vote at the Annual General Meeting in respect of the number of shares registered in their 
name at that time. Any changes to the register of members after such time shall be disregarded in 
determining the rights of any person to attend or vote at the meeting.

13.  You  may  not  use  any  electronic  address  (within  the  meaning  of  Section  333(4)  of  the  Companies 
Act  2006)  provided  in  either  this  Notice  or  any  related  documents  (including  the  form  of  proxy)  to 
communicate with the Company for any purposes other than those expressly stated.

14. 

There are set out below notes to the resolutions to be passed at the Annual General Meeting. If you 
require further guidance you should contact your solicitor or financial adviser.

88

Shareholder Information  Notes to Notice of AGM

Explanatory Notes to the Resolutions to be proposed at the Annual General Meeting

Resolution 1 

Report and accounts

The directors will present the audited financial statements of the Company for the period ended 
31 October 2023 together with the directors’ report and the auditor’s report on those financial 
statements.

Resolution 2 

Remuneration report

The directors will present the remuneration report for the period ended 31 October 2023 for approval. 
This vote is not mandatory but is considered best practice.

Resolutions 3 to 6  inclusive  

Re-election of directors

Under the Articles of Association of the Company, all directors appointed by the Board after the first 
annual general meeting shall retire at the annual general meeting following appointment and shall then 
be  eligible  for  re-election  and  at  least  one  third  of  the  total  number  of  directors  shall  retire  at  the 
annual general meeting and shall then be eligible for re-election. Brief biographical details of each of 
the directors can be found in the Annual Report and Accounts and on the Company’s website www.
velocity-composites.com.

Resolution 7 

Re-appointment of auditors and fixing of auditors’ remuneration

At  every  Annual  General  Meeting  at  which  accounts  are  laid  before  shareholders,  the  Company  is 
required to appoint an auditor to hold office from the end of the meeting until the next such meeting. This 
Resolution 7 proposes that Cooper Parry Group Limited be re-appointed as the Company’s auditors 
to hold office until the next Annual General Meeting and that the directors be authorised to set their 
remuneration.

Resolution 8 

General authority to allot new shares

Resolution 8, if passed, will grant authority for the directors to issue new shares within the best 
practice limits set by The Investment Association. The authority set out in paragraph 8.1 would permit 
allotments of new shares up to approximately one-third of the current issued share capital. The 
authority set out in paragraph 8.2 would permit allotments of new shares up to approximately two-
thirds of the current issued share capital but would apply only in the case of an allotment of shares 
made pursuant to a rights issue (pre-emptive offer). The power granted by this resolution will expire 
on the conclusion of next year’s Annual General Meeting or, if earlier, on 12 March 2024.

89

 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Information  Notes to Notice of AGM

Resolution 9 

General disapplication of pre-emption rights

Resolution  9,  which  is  proposed  as  a  special  resolution,  will,  if  passed,  give  the  directors  power, 
pursuant to the authority to allot granted by resolution 8, to allot equity securities (as defined by section 
560 of the Act) or sell treasury shares for cash without first offering them to existing shareholders in 
proportion to their existing holdings: (a) in relation to pre-emptive offers and offers to holders of other 
equity  securities  if  required  by  the  rights  of  those  securities  or  as  the  directors  otherwise  consider 
necessary, up to a maximum nominal amount of £44,494.4733 which represents approximately one-
third of the current issued share capital (excluding treasury shares) as at 22 January 2024 (being the 
latest practicable date prior to the publication of this notice) and, in relation to rights issues only, up to a 
maximum additional amount of £88,988.9467 which represents approximately two thirds of the current 
issued  share  capital  (excluding  treasury  shares)  as  at  22  January  2024  (being  the  latest  practicable 
date prior to the publication of this notice); and (b) in any other case,  up to a maximum nominal amount 
of £13,348.342 which represents approximately 10 per cent of the Company’s issued ordinary share 
capital (excluding treasury shares) as at 22 January 2024 (being the latest practicable date prior to the 
publication of this notice). 

The power granted by this resolution will expire on the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting 
of the Company (or, if earlier, on 12 March 2025). The directors have no present intention to exercise the 
authority conferred by this resolution.

Resolution 10 

Disapplication  of  statutory  pre-emption  rights  to  finance  an  acquisition  or  other  capital 
investment

In addition to the powers granted by Resolution 9, Resolution 10 will empower the directors to allot 
ordinary shares in the capital of the Company for cash on a non-pre-emptive basis:

•  up to a maximum nominal value of £13,348.342, representing approximately 10 per cent of the 
issued ordinary share capital of the Company as at 22 January 2024 (the latest practicable date 
before publication of this document); and 

•  used  only  for  the  purposes  of  financing  (or  refinancing,  if  such  financing  occurs  within  six 
months  of  the  original  transaction)  a  transaction  which  the  directors  determine  to  be  an 
acquisition or other capital investment of a kind contemplated by the Statement of Principles 
of Disapplying Pre-Emption Rights most recently published by the Pre-Emption Group prior to 
the date of this notice.

The  rights  of  pre-emption  disapplication  sought  pursuant  to  Resolutions  9  and  10  represent,  in 
aggregate, approximately 20% of the issued ordinary share capital of the Company as at 22 January 
2024.   

90

 
 
Shareholder Information  Notes to Notice of AGM

Resolution 11 

Resolution 11 – authority to make market purchases of own shares

Resolution 11, which is proposed as a special resolution will give the Company authority to purchase its 
own shares in the market up to a limit of approximately 10% of its issued ordinary share capital (excluding 
treasury shares) as at 22 January 2024, being the latest practicable date prior to the publication of this 
notice. The maximum and minimum prices are stated in the resolution. Whilst they do not currently have 
any intention to utilise this authority the directors believe that it is advantageous for the Company to 
have this flexibility to make market purchases of its own shares. The directors will exercise this authority 
only if they are satisfied that a purchase would result in an increase in expected earnings per share and 
would be in the interests of shareholders generally. In the event that shares are purchased, they would 
either be cancelled (and the number of shares in issue would be reduced accordingly) or, in accordance 
with  the  Companies  Act  2006,  be  retained  as  treasury  shares.  The  Company  may  consider  holding 
repurchased shares pursuant to the authority conferred by this resolution as treasury shares. This gives 
the Company the ability to transfer treasury shares quickly and cost effectively and would provide the 
Company with additional flexibility in the management of its capital base.

91

 
A N N U A L R E P O R T 2023

& Financial State m ents For the year ended 31.10.23

Velocity Composites Plc
AMS Technology Park 
Billington Road 
Burnley 
Lancashire 
BB11 5UB

www.velocity-composites.com 

Registered No: 06389233