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Werner Enterprises

wern · NASDAQ Industrials
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Industry Trucking
Employees 10,000+
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FY2022 Annual Report · Werner Enterprises
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

[Mark one]

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

☒

☐

For the transition period from ___________ to __________

Commission File Number: 0-14690

WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nebraska
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
14507 Frontier Road
Post Office Box 45308
Omaha , Nebraska
(Address of principal executive offices)

47-0648386
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

68145-0308
(Zip Code)

(402) 895-6640
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

 Title of each class

Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value

Trading Symbol(s)

WERN

Name of each exchange on which registered

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  ¨    No  ý

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for 
the past 90 days.    Yes  ý   No   ¨

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted  pursuant  to  Rule  405  of 
Regulation  S-T  (§232.405  of  this  chapter)  during  the  preceding  12  months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  submit  such 
files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging 
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 
12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large Accelerated Filer ☒

Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or 
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control 
over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its 
audit report. ☒
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing 
reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by 
any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐   No  ý
The aggregate market value of the common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant (assuming for these purposes that all executive officers and Directors 
are “affiliates” of the Registrant) as of June 30, 2022, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately 
$2.421 billion (based on the closing sale price of the Registrant’s Common Stock on that date as reported by Nasdaq). 

As of February 9, 2023, 63,248,905 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Proxy Statement of Registrant for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 9, 2023, are incorporated in Part III of this report. 

 
 
 
 
 
WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.

INDEX

PART I 

Business   ..................................................................................................................................

Risk Factors    ............................................................................................................................

Unresolved Staff Comments   ..................................................................................................

Properties    ................................................................................................................................

Legal Proceedings     ..................................................................................................................

Mine Safety Disclosures .........................................................................................................

PART II 

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities     ...............................................................................................
Reserved     .................................................................................................................................

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   .

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk  ................................................

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    ......................................................................

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    

Controls and Procedures      ........................................................................................................

Other Information   ...................................................................................................................
Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections  ...................................

PART III

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance   .....................................................

Executive Compensation     ........................................................................................................
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters   ...............................................................................................................

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence .......................

Principal Accountant Fees and Services     ................................................................................

Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules    ...........................................................................

Form 10-K Summary     .............................................................................................................

PART IV

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Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 7A.

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.
Item 9C.

Item 10.

Item 11.
Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Item 16.

 
 
 
This Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (this “Form 10-K”) and the documents incorporated 
herein by reference contain forward-looking statements based on expectations, estimates and projections as of the date of this 
filing. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statements. For further guidance, see 
Item 1A of Part I and Item 7 of Part II of this Form 10-K.

Unless otherwise indicated, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company,” or “Werner” mean Werner Enterprises, Inc. and its 
subsidiaries.

PART I

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

General

We are a transportation and logistics company engaged primarily in transporting truckload shipments of general commodities in 
both interstate and intrastate commerce. We also provide logistics services through our Werner Logistics segment. We believe 
we are one of the largest truckload carriers in the United States (based on total operating revenues), and our headquarters are 
located in Omaha, Nebraska, near the geographic center of our truckload service area. We were founded in 1956 by Clarence L. 
Werner, who started the business with one truck at the age of 19. He served as our Chairman until his term ended at the 2021 
Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders,  and  was  then  named  Chairman  Emeritus  by  the  Board  of  Directors  in  recognition  of  his 
longstanding  leadership.  We  were  incorporated  in  the  State  of  Nebraska  in  September  1982  and  completed  our  initial  public 
offering in June 1986 with a fleet of 632 trucks as of February 1986. At the end of 2022, our Truckload Transportation Services 
(“TTS”)  segment  had  a  fleet  of  8,600  trucks,  of  which  8,305  were  company-operated  and  295  were  owned  and  operated  by 
independent contractors. Our Werner Logistics division operated an additional 39 drayage company trucks and 101 company 
delivery  trucks  at  the  end  of  2022.  We  have  historically  grown  through  organic  growth,  and  more  recently  through  a 
combination of organic growth and four business acquisitions (discussed below). Our business acquisitions expanded our fleet 
size,  customer  base,  geographic  market  presence,  and  network  of  operational  facilities.  We  remain  open  to  considering 
acquisitions  in  North  America  truckload  and  logistics  companies  that  are  both  additive  to  our  business  and  accretive  to  our 
earnings. 

We  have  two  reportable  segments  –  TTS  and  Werner  Logistics.  Our  TTS  segment  is  comprised  of  Dedicated  and  One-Way 
Truckload.  Dedicated  had  5,450  trucks  as  of  December  31,  2022  and  provides  truckload  services  dedicated  to  a  specific 
customer, generally for a retail distribution center or manufacturing facility, utilizing either dry van or specialized trailers. One-
Way Truckload had 3,150 trucks as of December 31, 2022 and includes the following operating fleets: (i) the medium-to-long-
haul van (“Van”) fleet transports a variety of consumer nondurable products and other commodities in truckload quantities over 
irregular  routes  using  dry  van  trailers,  including  Mexico  cross-border  routes;  (ii)  the  expedited  (“Expedited”)  fleet  provides 
time-sensitive  truckload  services  utilizing  driver  teams;  (iii)  the  regional  short-haul  (“Regional”)  fleet  provides  comparable 
truckload van service within geographic regions across the United States; and (iv) the Temperature Controlled fleet provides 
truckload  services  for  temperature  sensitive  products  over  irregular  routes  utilizing  temperature-controlled  trailers.  Our  TTS 
fleets operate throughout the 48 contiguous U.S. states pursuant to operating authority, both common and contract, granted by 
the  U.S.  Department  of  Transportation  (“DOT”)  and  pursuant  to  intrastate  authority  granted  by  various  U.S.  states.  We  also 
have  authority  to  operate  in  several  provinces  of  Canada  and  to  provide  through-trailer  service  into  and  out  of  Mexico.  The 
principal  types  of  freight  we  transport  include  retail  store  merchandise,  consumer  products,  food  and  beverage  products  and 
manufactured  products.  We  focus  on  transporting  consumer  nondurable  products  that  generally  ship  more  consistently 
throughout the year and whose volumes are generally more stable during a slowdown in the economy.

Our  Werner  Logistics  segment  is  a  non-asset-based  transportation  and  logistics  provider.  Werner  Logistics  provides  services 
throughout North America and generates the majority of our non-trucking revenues through three operating units. These three 
Werner Logistics operating units are as follows: (i) Truckload Logistics, which uses contracted carriers to complete shipments 
for  brokerage  customers  and  freight  management  customers  for  which  we  offer  a  full  range  of  single-source  logistics 
management services and solutions; (ii) the intermodal (“Intermodal”) unit offers rail transportation through alliances with rail 
and drayage providers as an alternative to truck transportation; and (iii)  Werner Final Mile (“Final Mile”) offers residential and 
commercial deliveries of large or heavy items using third-party agents, independent contractors, and Company employees with 
two-person delivery teams operating a liftgate straight truck. In first quarter 2021, we completed the sale of the Werner Global 
Logistics (“WGL”) freight forwarding services for international ocean and air shipments to Scan Global Logistics Group. WGL 
generated  revenues  of  $53  million  in  2020.  Prior  to  the  sale  of  WGL,  Werner  Logistics  provided  international  services 
throughout  North  America  and  Asia,  with  additional  coverage  throughout  Australia,  Europe,  South  America,  and  Africa. 
Werner Logistics had over 70,000 qualified carrier logistics relationships as of December 31, 2022.

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Business Acquisitions

2022 Acquisitions

On November 5, 2022, we acquired 100% of the equity interests in Reed Transport Services, Inc. and RTS-TMS, Inc., doing 
business  as  ReedTMS  Logistics  (“ReedTMS”).  ReedTMS,  based  in  Tampa,  Florida,  is  an  asset-light  logistics  provider  and 
dedicated truckload carrier that offers a comprehensive suite of freight brokerage and truckload solutions to a diverse customer 
base.  Prior  to  the  acquisition,  ReedTMS  achieved  revenues  of  $372.0  million  for  the  12-month  period  ended  September  30, 
2022, 90% freight brokerage and 10% trucking. Freight brokerage and truckload revenues generated by ReedTMS are reported 
in our Werner Logistics segment and in Dedicated within our TTS segment, respectively.

On  October  1,  2022,  we  acquired  100%  of  the  equity  interests  in  FAB9,  Inc.,  doing  business  as  Baylor  Trucking,  Inc. 
(“Baylor”). Baylor, based in Milan, Indiana, operates 200 trucks and 980 trailers in the east central and south central United 
States.  Prior  to  the  acquisition,  Baylor  achieved  revenues  of  $81.5  million  for  the  12-month  period  ended  August  31,  2022. 
Revenues generated by Baylor are reported in One-Way Truckload within our TTS segment.

2021 Acquisitions

On November 22, 2021, we acquired 100% of the equity interests in NEHDS Logistics, LLC (“NEHDS”). NEHDS is a final 
mile  residential  delivery  provider  serving  customers  primarily  in  the  Northeast  and  Midwest  United  States  markets.  NEHDS 
delivers  primarily  big  and  bulky  products  (primarily  furniture  and  appliances)  using  2-person  delivery  teams  performing 
residential  and  commercial  deliveries.  Prior  to  the  acquisition,  NEHDS  achieved  revenues  of  $71  million  for  the  12-month 
period  ended  September  30,  2021.  Revenues  generated  by  NEHDS  are  reported  in  Final  Mile  within  our  Werner  Logistics 
segment.

On July 1, 2021, we acquired an 80% equity ownership interest in ECM Associated, LLC ("ECM”). ECM provides regional 
truckload carrier services in the Mid-Atlantic, Ohio and Northeast regions of the United States. Prior to the acquisition, ECM 
achieved revenues of $108 million in 2020. Revenues generated by ECM are reported in One-Way Truckload within our TTS 
segment. 

Additional  information  regarding  these  acquisitions  is  included  in  Note  2  in  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements 
under Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K.

Marketing and Operations

Our business philosophy is to provide superior on-time customer service at a significant value for our customers. To accomplish 
this, we operate premium modern tractors and trailers. This equipment has fewer mechanical and maintenance issues and helps 
attract  and  retain  experienced  drivers.  We  continually  develop  our  business  processes  and  technology  to  improve  customer 
service and driver retention. We focus on customers who value the broad geographic coverage, diversified truck and logistics 
services,  equipment  capacity,  technology,  customized  services  and  flexibility  available  from  a  large,  financially-stable 
transportation and logistics provider.

We operate in the truckload and logistics sectors of the transportation industry. Our TTS segment provides specialized services 
to customers based on (i) each customer’s trailer needs (such as van and temperature-controlled trailers), (ii) geographic area 
(regional  and  medium-to-long-haul  van,  including  transport  throughout  Mexico  and  Canada),  (iii)  time-sensitive  shipments 
(expedited) or (iv) conversion of their private fleet to us (dedicated). In 2022, TTS segment revenues accounted for 74% of total 
operating  revenues,  Werner  Logistics  revenues  accounted  for  24%  of  total  operating  revenues,  and  the  remaining  2%  was 
recorded in non-reportable segments. Our Werner Logistics segment manages the transportation and logistics requirements for 
customers,  providing  customers  with  additional  sources  of  truck  capacity,  alternative  modes  of  transportation,  and  systems 
analysis  to  optimize  transportation  needs.  Werner  Logistics  services  include  (i)  truck  brokerage,  (ii)  freight  management, 
(iii) intermodal transport, and (iv) final mile. Werner Logistics is highly dependent on qualified associates, information systems 
and the services of qualified third-party capacity providers. You can find the revenues generated by services that accounted for 
more than 10% of our consolidated revenues, consisting of TTS and Werner Logistics, for the last three years in Note 3 and 
Note 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K.

We have a diversified freight base but are dependent on a relatively small number of customers for a significant portion of our 
revenues.  During  2022,  our  largest  5,  10,  25  and  50  customers  comprised  35%,  46%,  63%  and  77%  of  our  revenues, 
respectively. Our largest customer, Dollar General, accounted for 14% of our total revenues in 2022. Revenues generated by 
Dollar General are reported in both of our reportable operating segments. The industry groups of our top 50 customers are 60% 
retail and consumer products, 17% manufacturing/industrial, 15% food and beverage and 8% logistics and other. Many of our 
One-Way Truckload customer contracts may be terminated upon 30 days’ notice, which is common in the truckload industry. 
We have longer-term Dedicated customer contracts, most of which are two to five years in length (including some contracts 
with annual evergreen clauses) and generally may be terminated by either party typically upon a notice period following the 

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expiration  of  the  contract’s  first  year.  We  typically  renegotiate  rates  with  our  customers  for  these  Dedicated  contracts  on  an 
annual basis.

Our company and independent contractor tractors are equipped with communication devices. These devices enable us and our 
drivers to conduct two-way communication using standardized and freeform messages. This technology also allows us to plan 
and monitor shipment progress. We automatically monitor truck movement and obtain specific data on the location of trucks at 
fixed intervals. Using the real-time global positioning data obtained from the devices, we have advanced application systems to 
improve  customer  and  driver  service.  Examples  of  such  application  systems  include:  (i)  an  electronic  logging  system  which 
records  and  monitors  drivers’  hours  of  service  and  integrates  with  our  information  systems  to  pre-plan  driver  shipment 
assignments based on real-time available driving hours; (ii) software that pre-plans shipments drivers can trade enroute to meet 
driver home-time needs without compromising on-time delivery schedules; and (iii) automated “possible late load” tracking that 
informs  the  operations  department  of  trucks  possibly  operating  behind  schedule,  allowing  us  to  take  preventive  measures  to 
avoid late deliveries. In 1998, we began a successful pilot program and subsequently became the first trucking company in the 
United States to receive an exemption from DOT to use a global positioning-based paperless log system as an alternative to the 
paper logbooks traditionally used by truck drivers to track their daily work activities. We have used electronic logging devices 
(“ELDs”) to monitor and enforce drivers’ hours of service since 1996. Since January 2021, we have used an untethered, tablet-
based telematics solution that provides an enhanced and more efficient driver experience.

Seasonality

In  the  trucking  industry,  revenues  generally  follow  a  seasonal  pattern.  Peak  freight  demand  has  historically  occurred  in  the 
months of September, October and November. After the December holiday season and during the remaining winter months, our 
freight volumes are typically lower because some customers reduce shipment levels. Our operating expenses have historically 
been higher in the winter months due primarily to decreased fuel efficiency, increased cold weather-related maintenance costs 
of revenue equipment and increased insurance and claims costs attributed to adverse winter weather conditions. We attempt to 
minimize the impact of seasonality through our marketing program by seeking additional freight from certain customers during 
traditionally slower shipping periods and focusing on transporting consumer nondurable products. Revenue can also be affected 
by adverse weather conditions, holidays and the number of business days that occur during a given period because revenue is 
directly related to the available working days of shippers.

Human Capital Resources

Employee Count: As of December 31, 2022, we employed 10,249 drivers; 693 mechanics and maintenance associates for the 
trucking operation; 1,610 office associates for the trucking operation; and 1,748 associates for Werner Logistics, international, 
driving schools and other non-trucking operations. Most of our associates are based in the U.S., with about 1% based in Mexico 
and Canada. None of our U.S. or Canadian associates are represented by a collective bargaining unit, and we consider relations 
with our associates to be good.

Health & Safety: Werner maintains a safety culture that is based on the premise of eliminating workplace incidents, risks and 
hazards.  In  2022,  our  trucking  business  achieved  its  lowest  work  injury  rate  in  17  years  and  we  achieved  the  lowest  DOT 
preventable accident rate per million miles in 10 years. The Werner Safety Department is responsible for all compliance and 
training  issues  as  it  relates  to  drivers  under  DOT  regulation  and  Werner  policy.  Responsibilities  of  the  department  include 
developing and delivering all driver training on items such as safety issues, driver certification, driver testing, and hazmat.

Our strong safety culture is demonstrated by ongoing investments in advanced equipment technologies, which lead to improved 
safety for our professional drivers. Nearly all of our company-owned trucks have collision-mitigation safety systems, automated 
manual transmissions, and forward-facing cameras.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the transportation industry was designated by the U.S. government as an essential industry for 
keeping the U.S. supply chain moving. Our drivers and mechanics were on the front lines to ensure the delivery of essential 
products, and we take this responsibility seriously. Our primary focus will always be protecting the health and personal safety 
of our associates, their families and communities, and our customers. Throughout our offices and terminal network, we follow 
the  safety  guidelines  set  forth  by  the  Centers  for  Disease  Control  and  Prevention  (CDC)  and  World  Health  Organization 
(WHO). 

Diversity  &  Inclusion:  At  Werner,  we  support  and  encourage  the  diverse  voices  and  perspectives  of  our  associates,  our 
customers  and  our  suppliers.  Diversity  contributes  to  innovation  and  connects  us  to  the  many  communities  we  serve.  We 
embrace these values as we move toward an increasingly inclusive culture where every associate feels empowered to bring their 
whole self to Werner. Through our Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, Accountability & Learning (IDEAL) Council, we are proud to 
support  ten  Associate  Resource  Groups  (“ARGs”).  These  groups  support  our  commitment  to  promoting  and  maintaining  an 
inclusive  culture  for  all  associates  by  bringing  together  individuals  from  a  wide  range  of  backgrounds,  experiences  and 
perspectives. The ARGs seek to foster a sense of shared community and empowerment for associates and allies who share and 

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support a common social identity, such as gender, ethnicity and sexual orientation. During 2022, we created an advancement 
and retention plan, under which new programs are being implemented to increase and elevate women and diverse talent in the 
management pipeline. 

In 2022, Werner, as well as our recently acquired business, ReedTMS, were both recognized among the Top Companies for 
Women  to  Work  for  in  Transportation  by  the  Women  in  Trucking  Association.  This  was  Werner’s  fifth  consecutive  year  of 
being  recognized.  Werner  was  recognized  for  our  support  of  gender  diversity,  flexible  hours  and  work  requirements, 
competitive  compensation  and  benefits,  and  professional  development  and  career  advancement  opportunities.  We  were  also 
recognized  by  50/50  Women  on  BoardsTM  as  a  “3+”  company  for  having  three  or  more  women  on  our  corporate  board  of 
directors.  At  Werner,  our  female  driver  workforce  is  double  the  industry  average,  and  over  half  of  our  driver  associates  are 
ethnically  diverse.  Additionally,  over  half  of  our  non-driver  associates  and  our  corporate  board  of  directors  are  female  or 
ethnically diverse. In 2022, Werner was honored to be recognized as No. 1 on the Top 10 Company Military Friendly® Spouse 
Employer  list  and  No.  4  on  the  Top  10  Military  Friendly®  Employer  list  by  VIQTORY.  These  serve  as  Werner’s  highest 
rankings ever received in these categories. Werner was awarded these designations for its commitment, effort and success in 
creating  sustainable  and  meaningful  career  paths  for  the  military  community.  We  are  widely  recognized  as  a  transportation 
leader in military hiring with veterans and veteran spouses.

Professional  Driver  Recruitment:  We  recognize  that  our  professional  driver  workforce  is  one  of  our  most  valuable  assets. 
Most of our professional drivers are compensated on a per-mile basis. For most company-employed drivers, the rate per mile 
generally increases with the drivers’ length of service. Professional drivers may earn additional compensation through incentive 
performance pay programs and for performing additional work associated with their job (such as loading and unloading freight 
and making extra stops and shorter mileage trips).

At times, there are driver shortages in the trucking industry. Availability of experienced drivers can be affected by (i) changes 
in  the  demographic  composition  of  the  workforce;  (ii)  alternative  employment  opportunities  other  than  truck  driving  that 
become available in the economy; and (iii) individual drivers’ desire to be home more frequently. We believe that a declining 
number of, and increased competition for, driver training school graduates, aging truck driver demographics and increased truck 
safety regulations have tightened driver supply.

At Werner, we continue to take actions to strengthen our driver recruiting and retention to make Werner a preferred choice for 
the best drivers. Our efforts include raising driver pay, maintaining a new truck and trailer fleet, purchasing best-in-class safety 
features  for  all  new  trucks,  investing  in  our  driver  training  school  network  and  collaborating  with  customers  to  improve  or 
eliminate unproductive freight. We are focused on providing strong mileage utilization and a large percentage of driving jobs in 
shorter-haul operations (such as Dedicated and Regional) that allow drivers to return home more often. We continue to improve 
our terminal network to enhance the driver experience. Our untethered, tablet-based telematics solution implemented in 2020 
provides  Werner  drivers  with  a  more  efficient  experience  through  smart  workflow,  best-in-class  navigation,  improved  safety 
features and reduced manual data entry. While the trucking industry suffers from high driver turnover rates, we are proud that 
our efforts in recent years have continued to have positive results on our driver retention.

Talent Development: We utilize recent driver training school graduates as a significant source of new drivers. These drivers 
have  completed  a  training  program  at  a  driver  training  school  (including  those  owned  and  operated  by  Werner)  and  hold  a 
commercial  driver’s  license  (“CDL”).  They  continue  to  gain  industry  experience  through  our  career  track  program  by 
partnering with a Werner-certified leader prior to that driver becoming a solo driver with their own truck. As mentioned above, 
the  recruiting  environment  for  recent  driver  training  school  graduates  became  even  more  challenging  in  2021  as  social 
distancing requirements, state licensing cut backs and temporary closures limited the number of placement drivers entering our 
career track program. The availability of these drivers has also been negatively impacted by the decreased availability of student 
loan financing for driver training schools. At the end of 2022, we operated a total of 23 driver training locations to assist with 
the  training  and  development  of  drivers  for  our  company  and  the  industry,  and  we  expect  to  open  one  new  driver  training 
location during the first half of 2023.

Independent Contractors: We also recognize that independent contractors complement our company-employed drivers. As of 
December 31, 2022, we had 295 independent contractors. Independent contractors supply their own tractors and drivers and are 
responsible for their operating expenses. Independent contractors also provide us with another source of drivers to support our 
fleet. We, along with others in the trucking industry, however, continue to experience independent contractor recruitment and 
retention  difficulties  that  have  persisted  over  the  past  several  years.  Challenging  operating  conditions,  including  inflationary 
cost  increases  that  are  the  responsibility  of  independent  contractors  and  a  shortage  of  financing  available  to  independent 
contractors for equipment purchases, continue to make it difficult to recruit and retain independent contractors.

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Revenue Equipment

As of December 31, 2022, we operated 8,305 company tractors and 295 tractors owned by independent contractors in our TTS 
segment. Our Werner Logistics segment operated an additional 39 drayage company tractors and 101 company delivery trucks 
at the end of 2022. The TTS segment company tractors were primarily manufactured by International (a Navistar company), 
Freightliner  (a  Daimler  company),  Kenworth  and  Peterbilt  (both  divisions  of  PACCAR).  The  Werner  Final  Mile  company 
delivery trucks are primarily manufactured by Hino. We adhere to a comprehensive maintenance program for both company 
tractors  and  trailers.  We  inspect  independent  contractor  tractors  prior  to  acceptance  for  compliance  with  Werner  and  DOT 
operational and safety requirements. We periodically inspect these tractors, in a manner similar to company tractor inspections, 
to monitor continued compliance. We also regulate the vehicle speed of company trucks to improve safety and fuel efficiency.

The  average  age  of  our  TTS  segment  company  truck  fleet  was  2.3  years  at  December  31,  2022,  compared  to  2.2  years  at 
December  31,  2021.  The  average  age  of  our  trailer  fleet  was  5.0  years  at  December  31,  2022,  compared  to  4.5  years  at 
December 31, 2021. Our trucks are equipped with satellite tracking devices, and nearly all of our company-owned trucks have 
collision mitigation safety systems and automated manual transmissions.

We  operated  29,965  trailers  at  December  31,  2022,  comprised  of  dry  vans,  flatbeds,  temperature-controlled,  and  other 
specialized trailers. Most of our company-owned trailers were manufactured by Wabash National Corporation and Great Dane. 
Nearly all of our dry van trailer fleet consisted of 53-foot composite trailers, and we also provide other trailer lengths to meet 
the specialized needs of certain customers. Substantially all of our trailers have satellite tracking devices.

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Werner Fleet Sales, sells our used trucks and trailers. Werner Fleet Sales has been in business 
since 1992 and operates in seven locations. At times, we may also trade used trucks to original equipment manufacturers when 
purchasing new trucks.

Fuel

In  2022,  we  purchased  nearly  all  of  our  fuel  from  a  predetermined  network  of  fuel  truck  stops  throughout  the  United  States 
comprised mostly of three large fuel truck stop chains. We negotiate discounted pricing based on historical purchase volumes 
with these fuel truck stop chains and other factors.

Shortages  of  fuel,  increases  in  fuel  prices  and  rationing  of  petroleum  products  can  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 
operations  and  profitability.  Our  customer  fuel  surcharge  reimbursement  programs  generally  enable  us  to  recover  from  our 
customers  a  majority,  but  not  all,  of  higher  fuel  prices  compared  to  normalized  average  fuel  prices.  These  fuel  surcharges, 
which automatically adjust depending on the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) weekly retail on-highway diesel fuel prices, 
enable us to recoup much of the higher cost of fuel when prices increase and provide customers with the benefit of lower fuel 
costs when fuel prices decline. We do not generally recoup higher fuel costs for empty and out-of-route miles (which are not 
billable to customers) and truck idle time. We cannot predict whether fuel prices will increase or decrease in the future or the 
extent  to  which  fuel  surcharges  will  be  collected  from  customers.  As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  had  no  derivative  financial 
instruments to reduce our exposure to fuel price fluctuations.

We maintain aboveground and underground fuel storage tanks at some of our terminals. Leakage or damage to these facilities 
could expose us to environmental clean-up costs. The tanks are routinely inspected to help prevent and detect such problems.

We  are  committed  to  supporting  global  efforts  to  reduce  carbon  emissions  and  to  continually  evaluate  and  identify  new 
environmental initiatives to support global sustainability efforts, including testing of alternative fuels and investing in start-stop 
idle reduction technology for our trucks. We currently maintain a late-model truck fleet to take advantage of latest technologies 
to reduce fuel consumption and emissions. Our future environmental goals include doubling intermodal usage by 2030, thereby 
further reducing emissions, and by 2035, reducing carbon emissions by 55% compared to a 2007 baseline, with 30% or more of 
all Company truck miles being executed by zero emission vehicles. 

Regulations 

As a for-hire motor carrier, we are regulated by the DOT, and certain areas of our business are subject to applicable federal, 
state, and international laws and regulations. DOT and an agency within DOT, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
(“FMCSA”),  generally  govern  matters  such  as  safety  requirements  and  compliance,  registration  to  engage  in  motor  carrier 
operations,  drivers’  hours  of  service  (“HOS”),  and  certain  mergers,  consolidations,  and  acquisitions.  Werner  maintains  a 
satisfactory safety rating, which is the highest available rating of the three safety ratings given by FMCSA. A conditional or 
unsatisfactory safety rating could adversely impact Werner’s business, as some of our customer contracts require a satisfactory 
rating.  Werner  must  also  comply  with  federal,  state,  and  international  regulations  which  govern  equipment  weight  and 
dimensions.

5

FMCSA’s  Compliance,  Safety,  Accountability  (“CSA”)  safety  initiative  monitors  the  safety  performance  of  motor  carriers. 
CSA uses the Safety Measurement System (“SMS”) to analyze data from roadside inspections, crash reports, and investigation 
results.  The  Fixing  America’s  Surface  Transportation  (“FAST”)  Act  of  2015  directed  FMCSA  to  remove  from  public  view 
certain information regarding carrier’s compliance and safety performance. The FAST Act also instructed FMCSA to study the 
accuracy of CSA and SMS data and issue a corrective action plan. Werner continues to monitor FMCSA’s actions and CSA 
related developments.

Interstate motor carriers are subject to the FMCSA HOS regulations, which govern our drivers’ operating hours. The HOS of 
Drivers Final Rule which became effective September 29, 2020, includes provisions for short haul, adverse driving conditions, 
a revision to the 30-minute rest break requirement, and split-sleeper berth which allows drivers to split their 10-hour off duty 
period in different ways. In August 2020, FMCSA proposed a pilot program allowing commercial drivers to pause their 14-hour 
driving window, which Werner continues to monitor.

Werner is the industry leader for ELDs to record driver hours and pioneered the Werner Paperless Logging System in 1996 that 
was  subsequently  approved  for  our  use  by  FMCSA  in  1998.  FMCSA’s  ELD  Final  Rule  went  into  effect  in  December  2017, 
requiring all motor carriers to have certified ELDs that meet specific standards for documenting HOS.

The FMCSA Commercial Driver’s License Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse (the “Clearinghouse”) Final Rule was published in 
December  2016  with  the  effective  date  of  January  6,  2020.  The  Clearinghouse  requires  motor  carriers,  designated  service 
agents, medical review officers, and substance abuse professionals to submit records related to drug and alcohol tests, including 
test refusals and positive drug test results, to the nationwide database. Motor carriers are also required to query the database 
prior to hiring an applicant and on an annual basis.

Continuing in 2022, motor carriers are required to perform annual random drug tests for 50% of existing drivers. The rate was 
increased from 25% on January 1, 2020 in response to the 2018 FMCSA Drug and Alcohol Testing Survey, which reported an 
increase to 1.0% of the random testing positive rate for controlled substances. The minimum annual percentage rate for random 
alcohol testing remains at 10%.

FMCSA issued its final rule for Entry-Level Driver Training (“ELDT”) in December 2016. However, after delays announced 
by FMCSA, the new effective date was February 7, 2022. ELDT now requires anyone wanting to obtain a Commercial Driver’s 
License to successfully complete a specific program of theory and behind-the-wheel instruction provided by a school or other 
entity on FMCSA’s new Training Provider Registry. We are in compliance with the ELDT rule.

Following the signing of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) on November 15, 2021, the FMCSA is required to 
establish a pilot program to allow persons ages 18, 19, and 20 to operate commercial motor vehicles in interstate commerce. 
The FMCSA’s Safe Driver Apprenticeship Pilot Program is currently accepting applications by motor carriers who are willing 
to participate in the pilot program, and FMCSA plans to limit the participation to 1,000 carriers and 3,000 apprentices.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and DOT announced in August 2016 Phase 2 of the Greenhouse Gas and 
Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium and Heavy-Duty Trucks. The final rule requires a reduction of carbon emissions and fuel 
savings  from  engines,  vehicles,  and  new  trailers  to  be  phased  in  over  the  next  decade.  In  January  2020,  EPA  announced  an 
Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that would establish new standards for highway heavy-duty engines to lower nitrogen 
oxide emissions. In August 2021, EPA announced plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from Heavy-Duty Trucks through 
a  series  of  rulemakings  over  the  next  three  years.  In  December  2022,  EPA  adopted  its  first  final  rule,  which  sets  stronger 
emissions  standards  to  reduce  air  pollution,  including  pollutants  that  create  ozone  and  particulate  matter,  from  heavy-duty 
vehicles and engines starting in model year 2027.

California’s ongoing emissions reduction goals have significantly impacted the industry. The California Air Resources Board 
regulations  not  only  apply  to  California  intrastate  carriers,  but  also  to  carriers  outside  of  California  who  own  or  dispatch 
equipment  in  the  state.  Werner  continues  to  structure  our  fleet  plans  to  operate  compliant  equipment  in  California. 
Approximately 4% of our truck miles in 2022 were in the state of California.

Our  operations  are  subject  to  applicable  federal,  state,  and  local  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  many  of  which  are 
implemented  by  the  EPA  and  similar  state  regulatory  agencies.  These  laws  and  regulations  govern  the  management  of 
hazardous wastes, discharge of pollutants into the air and surface and underground waters and disposal of certain substances. 
We  do  not  believe  that  compliance  with  these  regulations  has  a  material  effect  on  our  capital  expenditures,  earnings,  and 
competitive position.

Werner is dedicated to participating in the development of meaningful public policy by continuing to evaluate local, state, and 
federal legislative and regulatory actions that impact our operations.

6

Competition

The  freight  transportation  industry  is  highly  competitive  and  includes  thousands  of  trucking  and  non-asset-based  logistics 
companies. We have a small share of the markets we target. Our TTS segment competes primarily with other truckload carriers. 
Logistics companies, digital brokers, intermodal companies, railroads, less-than-truckload carriers and private carriers provide 
competition for both our TTS and Werner Logistics segments. Our Werner Logistics segment also competes for the services of 
third-party capacity providers.

Competition for the freight we transport or manage is based primarily on service, efficiency, available capacity and, to some 
degree,  on  freight  rates  alone.  We  believe  that  few  other  truckload  carriers  have  greater  financial  resources,  own  more 
equipment  or  carry  a  larger  volume  of  freight  than  us.  We  believe  we  are  one  of  the  largest  carriers  in  the  truckload 
transportation industry based on total operating revenues.

Internet Website

We maintain an Internet website where you can find additional information regarding our business and operations. The website 
address  is  www.werner.com.  On  the  website,  we  make  certain  investor  information  available  free  of  charge,  including  our 
Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, stock ownership reports filed 
under  Section  16  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”),  and  any  amendments  to  such 
reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. This information is included on our website as 
soon  as  reasonably  practicable  after  we  electronically  file  or  furnish  such  materials  to  the  U.S.  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission (“SEC”). We also provide our corporate governance materials, such as Board committee charters and our Code of 
Corporate Conduct, on our website free of charge, and we may occasionally update these materials when necessary to comply 
with SEC and Nasdaq rules or to promote the effective and efficient governance of our company. Information provided on our 
website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

The following risks and uncertainties may cause our actual results, business, financial condition and cash flows to materially 
differ  from  those  anticipated  in  the  forward-looking  statements  included  in  this  Form  10-K.  Caution  should  be  taken  not  to 
place  undue  reliance  on  forward-looking  statements  made  herein  because  such  statements  speak  only  to  the  date  they  were 
made.  Unless  otherwise  required  by  applicable  securities  laws,  we  undertake  no  obligation  or  duty  to  revise  or  update  any 
forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect subsequent events or circumstances or the occurrence of unanticipated 
events. Also refer to the Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements in Item 7 of Part II of this Form 10-K.

Risks Related to our Business and Industry

Our business is subject to overall economic conditions that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We are sensitive to changes in overall economic conditions that impact customer shipping volumes, industry freight demand, 
and  industry  truck  capacity.  When  shipping  volumes  decline  or  available  truck  capacity  increases,  freight  pricing  generally 
becomes  more  competitive  as  carriers  compete  for  loads  to  maintain  truck  productivity.  We  may  be  negatively  affected  by 
future  economic  conditions  including  employment  levels,  business  conditions,  fuel  and  energy  costs,  public  health  crises, 
interest rates and tax rates. Economic conditions may also impact the financial condition of our customers, resulting in a greater 
risk  of  bad  debt  losses,  and  that  of  our  suppliers,  which  may  affect  negotiated  pricing  or  availability  of  needed  goods  and 
services.

Difficulty  in  recruiting  and  retaining  experienced  drivers,  recent  driver  training  school  graduates  and  independent 
contractors impacts our results of operations.

At  times,  the  trucking  industry  has  experienced  driver  shortages.  Driver  availability  may  be  affected  by  changing  workforce 
demographics,  alternative  employment  opportunities,  national  unemployment  rates,  freight  market  conditions,  availability  of 
financial aid for driver training schools and changing industry regulations. If such a shortage were to occur and additional driver 
pay  rate  increases  were  necessary  to  attract  and  retain  drivers,  our  results  of  operations  would  be  negatively  impacted  to  the 
extent  that  we  could  not  obtain  corresponding  freight  rate  increases.  Additionally,  a  shortage  of  drivers  could  result  in  idled 
equipment, which would affect our profitability and would limit growth opportunities.

Independent  contractor  availability  may  also  be  affected  by  both  inflationary  cost  increases  that  are  the  responsibility  of 
independent  contractors  and  the  availability  of  equipment  financing.  On-going  federal  and  state  legislative  challenges  to  the 
independent  contractor  model  could  also  affect  independent  contractor  availability.  In  recent  years,  the  topic  of  the 
classification  of  individuals  as  employees  or  independent  contractors  has  gained  increased  attention  among  federal  and  state 
regulators as well as the plaintiffs’ bar. Various legislative or regulatory proposals have been introduced at the federal and state 
levels that may affect the classification status of individuals as independent contractors or employees for either employment tax 

7

purposes (e.g., withholding, social security, Medicare and unemployment taxes) or other benefits available to employees (e.g., 
workers’  compensation  benefits  and  minimum  wage).  Recently,  certain  states  (most  prominently,  California)  have  seen 
significant  increased  activity  by  tax  and  other  regulators  and  numerous  class  action  lawsuits  filed  against  transportation 
companies  that  engage  independent  contractors.  Potential  changes,  if  any,  that  could  impact  the  legal  classification  of  the 
independent  contractor  relationship  between  us  and  our  independent  contractors  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 
ability to recruit and retain independent contractors. If a shortage of independent contractors occurs, additional increases in per-
mile settlement rates (for independent contractors) and driver pay rates (for company drivers) may become necessary to attract 
and retain a sufficient number of drivers. These increases would negatively affect our results of operations to the extent that we 
would be unable to obtain corresponding freight rate increases. 

Moreover, class action litigation in this area against other transportation companies has resulted in significant damage awards 
and/or monetary settlements for workers who have been allegedly misclassified as independent contractors.

Increases  in  fuel  prices  and  shortages  of  fuel  can  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  results  of  operations  and 
profitability.

Increases in fuel prices and shortages of fuel can be caused by, among other things, changes in macroeconomic and geopolitical 
conditions. To lessen the effect of fluctuating fuel prices on our margins, we have fuel surcharge programs with our customers. 
These programs generally enable us to recover a majority, but not all, of the fuel price increases. Fuel prices that change rapidly 
in short time periods also impact our recovery because the surcharge rate in most programs only changes once per week. Fuel 
shortages, increases in fuel prices and petroleum product rationing could have a material adverse impact on our operations and 
profitability. To the extent that we cannot recover the higher cost of fuel through customer fuel surcharges, our financial results 
would be negatively impacted. As of December 31, 2022, we had no derivative financial instruments to reduce our exposure to 
fuel price fluctuations.

We operate in a highly competitive industry, which may limit growth opportunities and reduce profitability.

The  freight  transportation  industry  is  highly  competitive  and  includes  thousands  of  trucking  and  non-asset-based  logistics 
companies.  We  compete  primarily  with  other  truckload  carriers  in  our  TTS  segment.  Logistics  companies,  digital  brokers, 
intermodal companies, railroads, less-than-truckload carriers and private carriers also provide a lesser degree of competition in 
our TTS segment, but such providers are more direct competitors in our Werner Logistics segment. Competition for the freight 
we transport or manage is based primarily on service, efficiency, available capacity and, to some degree, on freight rates alone. 
This competition could have an adverse effect on either the number of shipments we transport or the freight rates we receive, 
which could limit our growth opportunities and reduce our profitability.

The  seasonal  pattern  generally  experienced  in  the  trucking  industry  may  affect  our  periodic  results  during  traditionally 
slower shipping periods and winter months.

In  the  trucking  industry,  revenues  generally  follow  a  seasonal  pattern  which  may  affect  our  results  of  operations.  After  the 
December  holiday  season  and  during  the  remaining  winter  months,  our  freight  volumes  are  typically  lower  because  some 
customers reduce shipment levels. Our operating expenses have historically been higher in the winter months because of cold 
temperatures  and  other  adverse  winter  weather  conditions  which  result  in  decreased  fuel  efficiency,  increased  cold  weather-
related  maintenance  costs  of  revenue  equipment  and  increased  insurance  and  claims  costs.  Revenue  can  also  be  affected  by 
adverse weather conditions, holidays and the number of business days during a given period because revenue is directly related 
to the available working days of shippers.

We depend on key customers, the loss or financial failure of which may have a material adverse effect on our operations and 
profitability.

A  significant  portion  of  our  revenue  is  generated  from  key  customers.  During  2022,  our  largest  5,  10,  25  and  50  customers 
accounted for 35%, 46%, 63%, and 77% of revenues, respectively. Our largest customer, Dollar General, accounted for 14% of 
the our total revenues in 2022. We do not have long-term contractual relationships with many of our key One-Way Truckload 
customers. Most of our Dedicated customer contracts are two to five years in length and generally may be terminated by either 
party typically upon a notice period following the expiration of the contract’s first year. We typically renegotiate rates with our 
customers  for  these  Dedicated  contracts  annually.  We  cannot  provide  any  assurance  that  key  customer  relationships  will 
continue at the same levels. If a key customer substantially reduced or terminated our services, it could have a material adverse 
effect  on  our  business  and  results  of  operations.  We  review  our  customers’  financial  conditions  for  granting  credit,  monitor 
changes  in  customers’  financial  conditions  on  an  ongoing  basis  and  review  individual  past-due  balances  and  collection 
concerns. However, a key customer’s financial failure may negatively affect our results of operations.

8

We depend on the services of third-party capacity providers, the availability of which could affect our profitability and limit 
growth in our Werner Logistics segment.

Our  Werner  Logistics  segment  is  highly  dependent  on  the  services  of  third-party  capacity  providers,  such  as  other  truckload 
carriers,  less-than-truckload  carriers,  final-mile  delivery  contractors,  and  railroads.  Many  of  those  providers  face  the  same 
economic challenges as we do and therefore are actively and competitively soliciting business. These economic conditions may 
have an adverse effect on the availability and cost of third-party capacity. If we are unable to secure the services of these third-
party capacity providers at reasonable rates, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

If we cannot effectively manage the challenges associated with doing business internationally, our revenues and profitability 
may suffer.

Our results are affected by the success of our operations in Mexico and other foreign countries in which we operate (see Note 
13  in  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  under  Item  8  of  Part  II  of  this  Form  10-K).  We  are  subject  to  risks  of 
doing business internationally, including fluctuations in foreign currencies, changes in the economic strength of the countries in 
which we do business, difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations and intellectual property rights, burdens of complying 
with a wide variety of international and United States export and import laws, and social, political, and economic instability. 
Additional risks associated with our foreign operations, including restrictive trade policies and imposition of duties, taxes, or 
government royalties by foreign governments, are present but have been largely mitigated by the terms of USMCA for Mexico 
and Canada. The United States, Canada and Mexico ratified the USMCA as an overhaul and update to NAFTA, and it became 
effective in July 2020. We believe Werner is one of the largest U.S. based truckload carriers in terms of freight volume shipped 
to and from the United States and Mexico. There are risks, sometimes unforeseen, associated with international operations. The 
agreement  permitting  cross  border  movements  for  both  United  States  and  Mexican  based  carriers  into  the  United  States  and 
Mexico presents additional risks in the form of potential increased competition and the potential for increased congestion on the 
cross border lanes between countries. At the present time, immigration at the southern border has not negatively affected our 
operations; however, if the situation intensifies, operations could be affected.

We rely on the services of key personnel, the loss of which could impact our future success.

We are highly dependent on the services of key personnel, including our executive officers. Although we believe we have an 
experienced  and  highly  qualified  management  team,  the  loss  of  the  services  of  these  key  personnel  could  have  a  significant 
adverse impact on us and our future profitability.

Difficulty in obtaining materials, equipment, goods, and services from our vendors and suppliers could adversely affect our 
business.

We are dependent on our vendors and suppliers. We believe we have good vendor relationships and that we are generally able 
to obtain favorable pricing and other terms from vendors and suppliers. If we fail to maintain satisfactory relationships with our 
vendors and suppliers, or if our vendors and suppliers are unable to provide the products and materials we need or experience 
significant  financial  problems,  we  could  experience  difficulty  in  obtaining  needed  goods  and  services  because  of  production 
interruptions,  limited  material  availability,  or  other  reasons.  Tractor  and  trailer  manufacturers  have  experienced  significant 
shortages of semiconductor chips and other component parts and supplies, forcing many manufacturers to reduce or suspend 
their production, which has led to a lower supply of tractors and trailers, higher prices, and lengthened trade cycles. Continued 
shortages of these component parts and supplies could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and 
results of operations, particularly our maintenance expense, mileage productivity, and driver retention.

We  use  our  information  systems  extensively  for  day-to-day  operations,  and  service  interruptions  or  a  failure  of  our 
information technology infrastructure or a breach of our information security systems, networks or processes could have a 
material adverse effect on our business.

We depend on the stability, availability and security of our information systems to manage our business. Much of our software 
was developed internally or by adapting purchased software applications to suit our needs. Our information systems are used 
for planning loads, communicating with and dispatching drivers and other capacity providers, billing customers, paying vendors 
and  providing  financial  reports.  We  rely  on  strategic  vendors  for  GPS  and  satellite  communication  services,  which  are 
integrated  in  our  information  systems.  If  any  of  our  critical  information  systems  fail  or  become  unavailable,  or  those  of  our 
service  providers,  we  would  have  to  perform  certain  functions  manually,  which  could  temporarily  affect  our  ability  to 
efficiently  manage  our  operations.  We  have  redundant  computer  hardware  systems  to  reduce  this  risk.  We  also  maintain 
information  security  policies  to  protect  our  systems  and  data  from  cyber  security  events  and  threats.  The  security  risks 
associated  with  information  technology  systems  have  increased  in  recent  years  because  of  the  increased  sophistication, 
activities and evolving techniques of perpetrators of cyber attacks. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable 
or  degrade  service  or  sabotage  systems  change  frequently,  may  be  difficult  to  detect  for  a  long  time  and  often  are  not 
recognized  until  launched  against  a  target.  As  a  result,  we  may  be  unable  to  anticipate  these  techniques  or  to  implement 
adequate preventative measures. A failure in or breach of our information technology security systems, or those of our third-

9

party  service  providers,  as  a  result  of  cyber  attacks  or  unauthorized  network  access  could  disrupt  our  business,  result  in  the 
disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, increase our costs and/or cause losses and reputational damage. 
In addition, recently, there has also been heightened regulatory and enforcement focus on data protection in the U.S., and failure 
to comply with applicable U.S. data protection regulations or other data protection standards may expose us to litigation, fines, 
sanctions  or  other  penalties,  which  could  harm  our  reputation  and  adversely  impact  our  business,  results  of  operations  and 
financial condition.

A public health crisis, such as an epidemic, pandemic, or similar outbreak, has had, and may continue to have an adverse 
impact on our business, as well as the operations of our customers and suppliers.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a slowdown of economic activity and a disruption in supply chains during 2020 and 2021. 
Our  business  is  sensitive  to  changes  in  overall  economic  conditions  that  impact  customer  shipping  volumes,  industry  freight 
demand and industry truck capacity. Such conditions may also impact the financial condition of our customers, resulting in a 
greater  risk  of  bad  debt  losses,  and  that  of  our  suppliers,  which  may  affect  the  availability  or  pricing  of  needed  goods  and 
services. Although we took numerous actions to lessen the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, our future results could 
be further impacted by the disruptive effects of a future pandemic or outbreak, including but not limited to adverse effects on 
freight  volumes  and  pricing  and  availability  of  qualified  personnel.  Such  outbreaks  could  affect  our  operations  and  business 
continuity if a significant number of our essential employees, overall or in a key location, are quarantined from contraction of or 
exposure to the disease or if future governmental orders prevent our employees or critical suppliers (including individuals that 
have  not  received  mandated  vaccinations)  from  working.  Our  compliance  with  mandates  could  lead  to  employee  absences, 
resignations,  labor  disputes,  or  work  stoppages.  The  degree  of  disruption  is  difficult  to  predict  because  of  many  factors, 
including the uncertainty surrounding the magnitude and duration of an outbreak, governmental actions that may be imposed, as 
well as the rate of economic recovery after an outbreak subsides. The unpredictable nature and uncertainty of a public health 
crisis could also magnify other risk factors disclosed above and makes it impractical to identify all potential risks.

Risks Related to Laws and Regulations

We  operate  in  a  highly  regulated  industry.  Changes  in  existing  regulations  or  violations  of  existing  or  future  regulations 
could adversely affect our operations and profitability.

We are regulated by DOT and its agency, FMCSA, in the United States and similar governmental transportation agencies in 
foreign countries in which we operate. We are also regulated by agencies in certain U.S. states. These regulatory agencies have 
the  authority  to  govern  transportation-related  activities,  such  as  safety,  authorization  to  conduct  motor  carrier  operations  and 
other  matters.  The  Regulations  subsection  in  Item  1  of  Part  I  of  this  Form  10-K  describes  several  proposed  and  pending 
regulations that may have a significant effect on our operations including our productivity, driver recruitment and retention and 
capital expenditures.

Our  operations  are  subject  to  applicable  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  the  violation  of  which  could  result  in 
substantial fines or penalties.

In addition to direct regulation by DOT, FMCSA, EPA and other federal, state, and local agencies, we are subject to applicable 
environmental  laws  and  regulations  dealing  with  the  handling  of  hazardous  materials,  aboveground  and  underground  fuel 
storage tanks, discharge and retention of storm-water, and emissions from our vehicles. We operate in industrial areas, where 
truck terminals and other industrial activities are located and where groundwater or other forms of environmental contamination 
have  occurred.  Our  operations  involve  the  risks  of  fuel  spillage  or  seepage,  environmental  damage  and  hazardous  waste 
disposal,  among  others.  We  also  maintain  bulk  fuel  storage  at  some  of  our  facilities.  If  we  are  involved  in  a  spill  or  other 
accident involving hazardous substances, or if we are found to be in violation of applicable laws or regulations, it could have a 
material adverse effect on our business and operating results. If we fail to comply with applicable environmental regulations, 
we could be subject to substantial fines or penalties and to civil and criminal liability. Tractors and trailers used in our daily 
operations have been affected by regulatory changes related to air emissions and fuel efficiency, and may be adversely affected 
in the future by new regulatory actions.

Increasing scrutiny from investors and other stakeholders regarding environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) related 
matters may have a negative impact on our business.

Companies  across  all  industries  are  facing  increasing  scrutiny  from  investors  and  other  stakeholders  related  to  ESG  matters, 
including  practices  and  disclosures  related  to  environmental  stewardship,  social  responsibility,  and  diversity,  equity  and 
inclusion.  Organizations  that  provide  information  to  investors  on  corporate  governance  and  related  matters  have  developed 
ratings processes for evaluating companies on their approach to ESG matters. Such ratings are used by some investors to inform 
their investment and voting decisions. Unfavorable ESG ratings may lead to negative investor sentiment toward us, which could 
have a negative impact on our stock price and our access to and costs of capital. 

10

We have developed certain initiatives and goals relating to ESG matters. Our ability to successfully execute these initiatives and 
accurately report our progress presents numerous operational, financial, legal, reputational and other risks, many of which are 
outside our control, and all of which could have a material negative impact on our business. Additionally, the implementation of 
these initiatives imposes additional costs on us. If our ESG initiatives and goals do not meet the expectations of our investors or 
other  stakeholders,  which  continue  to  evolve,  then  our  reputation,  our  ability  to  attract  or  retain  employees,  and  our 
attractiveness as an investment and business partner could be negatively impacted. Similarly, our failure, or perceived failure, to 
pursue or fulfill our goals, targets and objectives or to satisfy various reporting standards in a timely manner, or at all, could 
also have similar negative impacts and expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation.

Risks Related to Financial Matters

Our earnings could be reduced by increases in the number of insurance claims, cost per claim, costs of insurance premiums 
or availability of insurance coverage.

We  are  self-insured  for  a  significant  portion  of  liability  resulting  from  bodily  injury,  property  damage,  cargo  and  associate 
workers’ compensation and health benefit claims. This is supplemented by premium-based insurance coverage with insurance 
carriers  above  our  self-insurance  level  for  each  type  of  coverage.  To  the  extent  we  experience  a  significant  increase  in  the 
number  of  claims,  cost  per  claim  (including  costs  resulting  from  large  verdicts)  or  insurance  premium  costs  for  coverage  in 
excess of our retention and deductible amounts, our operating results would be negatively affected. Although we believe our 
aggregate  insurance  limits  should  be  sufficient  to  cover  reasonably  expected  claims,  it  is  possible  that  the  amount  of  one  or 
more  claims  could  exceed  our  aggregate  coverage  limits.  In  addition,  the  transportation  industry  has  recently  experienced 
significant  increases  in  premiums  for  insurance  coverage  above  self-insurance  levels.  Healthcare  legislation  and  inflationary 
cost increases could also have a negative effect on our results.

Decreased demand for our used revenue equipment could result in lower unit sales and resale values.

We  are  sensitive  to  changes  in  used  equipment  prices  and  demand,  especially  with  respect  to  tractors.  We  have  been  in  the 
business of selling our company-owned trucks since 1992, when we formed our wholly-owned subsidiary Werner Fleet Sales. 
Reduced  demand  for  used  equipment  could  result  in  a  lower  volume  of  sales  or  lower  sales  prices,  either  of  which  could 
negatively affect our proceeds from sales of assets.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

11

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

Our headquarters are located on approximately 133 acres near U.S. Interstate 80 west of Omaha, Nebraska, 53 acres of which 
are undeveloped. Our headquarter facilities have suitable space available to accommodate planned needs for at least the next 
three  to  five  years.  We  also  have  several  terminals  throughout  the  United  States,  consisting  of  office  and/or  maintenance 
facilities.  In  addition,  we  own  parcels  of  land  in  several  locations  in  the  United  States  for  future  terminal  development.  Our 
terminal locations are described below: 

Location
Omaha, Nebraska

Omaha, Nebraska

Phoenix, Arizona

West Memphis, Arkansas

Fontana, California

Denver, Colorado

Lake City, Florida

Lakeland, Florida
Atlanta, Georgia

Joliet, Illinois

Milan, Indiana

Brownstown, Michigan

Springfield, Ohio

Easton, Pennsylvania

Portland, Tennessee

Dallas, Texas

El Paso, Texas

Laredo, Texas

Owned 
or 
Leased
Owned  

Corporate headquarters, maintenance, truck sales

Description

  Owned
  Owned
Owned
  Owned
Owned Maintenance

  Disaster recovery, warehouse
  Office, maintenance
Office, maintenance
  Office, maintenance, truck sales, driver training school

Owned
  Leased
  Owned
Owned

Owned
  Owned
  Owned
Owned

Leased
  Owned
  Owned
  Owned

Office, maintenance
  Maintenance
  Office, maintenance, truck sales
Office, maintenance, truck sales

Office, maintenance, warehouse
  Maintenance
  Office, maintenance
Office, maintenance

Office, maintenance
  Office, maintenance, truck sales, driver training school
  Office, maintenance
  Office, maintenance, transloading, truck sales

Segment
TTS, Werner Logistics, 
Corporate
Corporate

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS
TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS

TTS, Werner Logistics

At  December  31,  2022,  we  leased  (i)  operational  facilities,  office  space,  and  trailer  parking  yards  in  various  locations 
throughout the United States and (ii) office space in Mexico and Canada. We own (i) a 96-room motel located near our Omaha 
headquarters; (ii) an 85-room hotel located near our Atlanta terminal; (iii) a 71-room private driver lodging facility at our Dallas 
terminal;  (iv)  six  operational  facilities  located  in  Ohio,  Indiana,  Pennsylvania  and  Florida;  and  (v)  a  terminal  facility  in 
Queretaro, Mexico, which we lease to a third party. The Werner Fleet Sales network has seven locations, which are primarily 
located in certain terminals listed above. Our driver training schools operate in 23 locations in the United States, two of which 
are  located  in  certain  terminals  listed  above,  seven  are  located  in  company-owned  facilities,  and  14  are  located  in  leased 
facilities.  

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We  are  a  party  subject  to  routine  litigation  incidental  to  our  business,  primarily  involving  claims  for  bodily  injury,  property 
damage, cargo and workers’ compensation incurred in the transportation of freight. For more information about our insurance 
program  and  legal  proceedings,  see  Item  1A,  Risk  Factors  –  “Our  earnings  could  be  reduced  by  increases  in  the  number  of 
insurance  claims,  cost  per  claim,  costs  of  insurance  premiums  or  availability  of  insurance  coverage”,  Item  7,  Management’s 
Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations  –  Critical  Accounting  Estimates,  and  Item  8, 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 1 and Note 12.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Common Stock
Our  common  stock  trades  on  the  NASDAQ  Global  Select  MarketSM  tier  of  the  Nasdaq  Stock  Market  under  the  symbol 
“WERN”. As of February 9, 2023, our common stock was held by 432 stockholders of record. Because many of our shares of 
common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number 
of stockholders represented by these record holders. 

Dividend Policy

We  have  paid  cash  dividends  on  our  common  stock  following  each  fiscal  quarter  since  the  first  payment  in  July  1987.  Our 
current quarterly dividend rate is $0.13 per common share. We currently intend to continue paying a regular quarterly dividend. 
We  do  not  currently  anticipate  any  restrictions  on  our  future  ability  to  pay  such  dividends.  However,  we  cannot  give  any 
assurance that dividends will be paid in the future or of the amount of any such quarterly or special dividends because they are 
dependent on our earnings, financial condition, and other factors.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

For information on our equity compensation plans, please refer to Item 12 of Part III of this Form 10-K.

13

Performance Graph

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return

The  following  graph  is  not  deemed  to  be  “soliciting  material”  or  to  be  “filed”  with  the  SEC  or  subject  to  the  liabilities  of 
Section  18  of  the  Exchange  Act,  and  the  report  shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  incorporated  by  reference  into  any  prior  or 
subsequent filing by us under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act except to the extent we specifically request that 
such information be incorporated by reference or treated as soliciting material.

Werner Enterprises, Inc. (WERN)
Standard & Poor’s 500
2022 Peer Group

12/31/2017
$ 
$ 
$ 

100  $ 
100  $ 
100  $ 

12/31/2018

12/31/2019

12/31/2020

12/31/2021

77  $ 
96  $ 
80  $ 

108  $ 
126  $ 
107  $ 

118  $ 
149  $ 
142  $ 

12/31/2022
124 
157 
189 

145  $ 
192  $ 
231  $ 

Assuming  the  investment  of  $100  on  December  31,  2017,  and  reinvestment  of  all  dividends,  the  graph  above  compares  the 
cumulative  total  stockholder  return  on  our  common  stock  for  the  last  five  fiscal  years  with  the  cumulative  total  return  of 
Standard & Poor’s 500 Market Index and our Peer Group over the same period. Our Peer Group includes companies similar to 
us in the transportation industry and has the following companies: ArcBest; Covenant Logistics Group; Forward Air; Heartland 
Express; Hub Group; JB Hunt; Knight-Swift Transportation; Landstar System; Marten Transport; Old Dominion Freight Line; 
Saia; Schneider National; US Xpress; and Yellow Corporation. Our stock price was $40.26 as of December 30, 2022 (the last 
business day of fiscal year 2022). This price was used for purposes of calculating the total return on our common stock for the 
year ended December 31, 2022.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

On  November  9,  2021,  our  Board  of  Directors  approved  and  announced  a  new  stock  repurchase  program  under  which  the 
Company is authorized to repurchase up to 6,000,000 shares of its common stock. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had 
purchased  3,688,190  shares  pursuant  to  this  authorization  and  had  2,311,810  shares  remaining  available  for  repurchase.  The 
Company  may  purchase  shares  from  time  to  time  depending  on  market,  economic  and  other  factors.  The  authorization  will 
continue unless withdrawn by the Board of Directors.

No shares of common stock were repurchased during fourth quarter 2022 by either the Company or any “affiliated purchaser,” 
as defined by Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act.

14

Werner Enterprises, Inc. (WERN)Standard & Poor’s 500Peer Group12/31/1712/31/1812/31/1912/31/2012/31/2112/31/225075100125150175200225250 
ITEM 6.

RESERVED

15

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND  RESULTS  OF 
OPERATIONS

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) summarizes the financial 
statements  from  management’s  perspective  with  respect  to  our  financial  condition,  results  of  operations,  liquidity  and  other 
factors that may affect actual results. The MD&A is organized in the following sections:

•
•
•
•
•
•

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Business Acquisitions
Overview
Results of Operations
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Critical Accounting Estimates

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements:

This  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  contains  historical  information  and  forward-looking  statements  based  on  information 
currently  available  to  our  management.  The  forward-looking  statements  in  this  report,  including  those  made  in  this  Item  7 
(Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations),  are  made  pursuant  to  the  safe 
harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. These safe harbor provisions encourage 
reporting companies to provide prospective information to investors. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of 
certain  words,  such  as  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “estimate,”  “expect,”  “intend,”  “plan,”  “project,”  and  other  similar  terms  and 
language.  We  believe  the  forward-looking  statements  are  reasonable  based  on  currently  available  information.  However, 
forward-looking  statements  involve  risks,  uncertainties  and  assumptions,  whether  known  or  unknown,  that  could  cause  our 
actual  results,  business,  financial  condition  and  cash  flows  to  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  the  forward-looking 
statements. A discussion of important factors relating to forward-looking statements is included in Item 1A (Risk Factors) of 
Part I of this Form 10-K. Readers should not unduly rely on the forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K because 
such statements speak only to the date they were made. Unless otherwise required by applicable securities laws, we undertake 
no  obligation  or  duty  to  update  or  revise  any  forward-looking  statements  contained  herein  to  reflect  subsequent  events  or 
circumstances or the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Business Acquisitions:

We recently acquired the following entities:

•

•

•

•

100%  of  ReedTMS  on  November  5,  2022.  Freight  brokerage  and  truckload  revenues  generated  by  ReedTMS  are 
reported in our Werner Logistics segment and in Dedicated within our TTS segment, respectively. 

100% of Baylor on October 1, 2022. Revenues generated by Baylor are reported in One-Way Truckload within our TTS 
segment.  

100% of NEHDS on November 22, 2021. Revenues generated by NEHDS are reported in Final Mile within our Werner 
Logistics segment.

80%  of  ECM  on  July  1,  2021.  Revenues  generated  by  ECM  are  reported  in  One-Way  Truckload  within  our  TTS 
segment. 

Additional  information  regarding  these  acquisitions  is  included  in  Note  2  in  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements 
under Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K.

Overview:

We  have  two  reportable  segments,  TTS  and  Werner  Logistics,  and  we  operate  in  the  truckload  and  logistics  sectors  of  the 
transportation  industry.  In  the  truckload  sector,  we  focus  on  transporting  consumer  nondurable  products  that  generally  ship 
more  consistently  throughout  the  year.  In  the  logistics  sector,  besides  managing  transportation  requirements  for  individual 
customers,  we  provide  additional  sources  of  truck  capacity,  alternative  modes  of  transportation,  a  North  American  delivery 
network and systems analysis to optimize transportation needs. Our success depends on our ability to efficiently and effectively 
manage our resources in the delivery of truckload transportation and logistics services to our customers. Resource requirements 
vary with customer demand, which may be subject to seasonal or general economic conditions. Our ability to adapt to changes 
in customer transportation requirements is essential to efficiently deploy resources and make capital investments in tractors and 
trailers  (with  respect  to  our  TTS  segment)  or  obtain  qualified  third-party  capacity  at  a  reasonable  price  (with  respect  to  our 
Werner Logistics segment). We may also be affected by our customers’ financial failures or loss of customer business.

Revenues for our TTS segment operating units (Dedicated and One-Way Truckload) are typically generated on a per-mile basis 
and  also  include  revenues  such  as  stop  charges,  loading  and  unloading  charges,  equipment  detention  charges  and  equipment 

16

repositioning  charges.  To  mitigate  our  risk  to  fuel  price  increases,  we  recover  additional  fuel  surcharge  revenues  from  our 
customers that generally recoup a majority of the increased fuel costs; however, we cannot assure that current recovery levels 
will continue in future periods. Because fuel surcharge revenues fluctuate in response to changes in fuel costs, we identify them 
separately and exclude them from the statistical calculations to provide a more meaningful comparison between periods. The 
key  statistics  used  to  evaluate  trucking  revenues,  net  of  fuel  surcharge,  are  (i)  average  revenues  per  tractor  per  week,  (ii) 
average  percentage  of  empty  miles  (miles  without  trailer  cargo),  (iii)  average  trip  length  (in  loaded  miles)  and  (iv)  average 
number of tractors in service. General economic conditions, seasonal trucking industry freight patterns and industry capacity are 
important factors that impact these statistics. Our TTS segment also generates a small amount of revenues categorized as non-
trucking revenues, which consist primarily of the intra-Mexico portion of cross-border shipments delivered to or from Mexico 
where the TTS segment utilizes a third-party capacity provider. We exclude such revenues from the statistical calculations. 

Our  most  significant  resource  requirements  are  company  drivers,  independent  contractors,  tractors  and  trailers.  Independent 
contractors  supply  their  own  tractors  and  drivers  and  are  responsible  for  their  operating  expenses.  Our  financial  results  are 
affected by company driver and independent contractor availability and the markets for new and used revenue equipment. We 
are self-insured for a significant portion of bodily injury, property damage and cargo claims; workers’ compensation claims; 
and associate health claims (supplemented by premium-based insurance coverage above certain dollar levels). For that reason, 
our  financial  results  may  also  be  affected  by  driver  safety,  medical  costs,  weather,  legal  and  regulatory  environments  and 
insurance coverage costs to protect against catastrophic losses.

The  operating  ratio  is  a  common  industry  measure  used  to  evaluate  our  profitability  and  that  of  our  TTS  segment  operating 
fleets. The operating ratio consists of operating expenses expressed as a percentage of operating revenues. The most significant 
variable expenses that impact the TTS segment are driver salaries and benefits, fuel, fuel taxes (included in taxes and licenses 
expense),  payments  to  independent  contractors  (included  in  rent  and  purchased  transportation  expense),  supplies  and 
maintenance and insurance and claims. As discussed further in the comparison of operating results for 2022 to 2021, several 
industry-wide  issues  have  caused,  and  could  continue  to  cause,  costs  to  increase  in  future  periods.  These  issues  include 
shortages of drivers or independent contractors, changing fuel prices, changing used truck and trailer pricing, compliance with 
new or proposed regulations and tightening of the commercial truck liability insurance market. Our main fixed costs include 
depreciation expense for tractors and trailers and equipment licensing fees (included in taxes and licenses expense). The TTS 
segment requires substantial cash expenditures for tractor and trailer purchases. We fund these purchases with net cash from 
operations and financing available under our existing credit facilities, as management deems necessary.

We provide non-trucking services primarily through the three operating units within our Werner Logistics segment (Truckload 
Logistics, Intermodal, and Final Mile). In first quarter 2021, we completed the sale of the Werner Global Logistics (“WGL”) 
freight  forwarding  services  for  international  ocean  and  air  shipments  to  Scan  Global  Logistics  Group.  WGL  had  annual 
revenues  of  $53  million  in  2020,  and  we  realized  a  $1.0  million  gain  from  the  sale  in  first  quarter  2021,  which  assumed 
achievement of the full earnout. At the end of the twelve month period following the completed sale of WGL, the full earnout 
was  achieved.  Unlike  our  TTS  segment,  the  Werner  Logistics  segment  is  less  asset-intensive  and  is  instead  dependent  upon 
qualified associates, information systems and qualified third-party capacity providers. The largest expense item related to the 
Werner Logistics segment is the cost of purchased transportation we pay to third-party capacity providers. This expense item is 
recorded  as  rent  and  purchased  transportation  expense.  Other  operating  expenses  consist  primarily  of  salaries,  wages  and 
benefits,  as  well  as  depreciation  and  amortization,  supplies  and  maintenance,  and  other  general  expenses.  We  evaluate  the 
Werner  Logistics  segment’s  financial  performance  by  reviewing  operating  expenses  and  operating  income  expressed  as  a 
percentage of revenues. Purchased transportation expenses as a percentage of revenues can be impacted by the rates charged to 
customers and the costs of securing third-party capacity. We have a mix of contracted long-term rates and variable rates for the 
cost of third-party capacity, and we cannot assure that our operating results will not be adversely impacted in the future if our 
ability to obtain qualified third-party capacity providers changes or the rates of such providers increase.

At the end of 2022, we believe we are well positioned with a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity. Our debt is at $694 
million, or a net debt ratio (debt less cash) of 1.0 times earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization for 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.  We  had  available  liquidity  of  $523  million,  considering  cash  on  hand  and  available 
borrowing capacity of $416 million. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with our debt covenants and expect to 
continue  to  be  in  compliance  in  2023.  We  currently  plan  to  continue  paying  our  quarterly  dividend,  which  we  have  paid 
quarterly since 1987. This cash outlay currently results in slightly more than $8 million per quarter. Net capital expenditures 
(primarily revenue equipment) in 2023 currently are expected to be in the range of $350 million to $400 million. 

17

Results of Operations:

The following table sets forth the consolidated statements of income in dollars and as a percentage of total operating revenues 
and the percentage increase or decrease in the dollar amounts of those items compared to the prior year.

(in thousands)

Operating revenues

$

%

$

%

%

$ 

3,289,978 

 100.0  $ 

2,734,372 

 100.0 

 20.3 

2022

2021

Percentage 
Change in 
Dollar 
Amounts

Operating expenses:

Salaries, wages and benefits

Fuel

Supplies and maintenance

Taxes and licenses

Insurance and claims

Depreciation and amortization

Rent and purchased transportation

Communications and utilities

Other

Total operating expenses

Operating income

Total other income, net

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense

Net income

1,020,609 

437,299 

253,096 

97,929 

147,365 

279,923 

777,464 

15,856 

 31.0 

 13.3 

 7.7 

 3.0 

 4.5 

 8.5 

 23.6 

 0.5 

895,012 

 32.7 

245,866 

206,701 

96,095 

98,658 

267,700 

641,159 

13,460 

 9.0 

 7.6 

 3.5 

 3.6 

 9.8 

 23.4 

 0.5 

(62,639) 

 (1.9) 

(39,425) 

 (1.4) 

2,966,902 

323,076 

 90.2 

 9.8 

(1,710) 

 (0.1)   

324,786 

79,206 

245,580 

 9.9 

 2.4 

 7.5 

2,425,226 

309,146 

(36,869) 

346,015 

84,537 

261,478 

 88.7 

 11.3 

 (1.4) 

 12.7 

 3.1 

 9.6 

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

(4,324) 

 (0.2) 

(2,426) 

 (0.1) 

Net income attributable to Werner

$ 

241,256 

 7.3  $ 

259,052 

 9.5 

 14.0 

 77.9 

 22.4 

 1.9 

 49.4 

 4.6 

 21.3 

 17.8 

 58.9 

 22.3 

 4.5 

 (95.4) 

 (6.1) 

 (6.3) 

 (6.1) 

 78.2 

 (6.9) 

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  tables  set  forth  the  operating  revenues,  operating  expenses  and  operating  income  for  the  TTS  segment  and 
certain  statistical  data  regarding  our  TTS  segment  operations,  as  well  as  statistical  data  for  the  One-Way  Truckload  and 
Dedicated operating units within TTS.

TTS segment (in thousands)
Trucking revenues, net of fuel surcharge

Trucking fuel surcharge revenues

Non-trucking and other operating revenues

Operating revenues

Operating expenses

Operating income

TTS segment

Average tractors in service
Average revenues per tractor per week (1)
Total tractors (at year end)

Company
Independent contractor

Total tractors

Total trailers (at year end)

One-Way Truckload

Trucking revenues, net of fuel surcharge (in 000’s)

Average tractors in service

Total tractors (at year end)

Average percentage of empty miles
Average revenues per tractor per week (1)
Average % change in revenues per total mile (1)
Average % change in total miles per tractor per week

Average completed trip length in miles (loaded)

Dedicated

Trucking revenues, net of fuel surcharge (in 000’s)

Average tractors in service

Total tractors (at year end)
Average revenues per tractor per week (1)

(1) Net of fuel surcharge revenues

2022

2021

$

%

$

%

% Chg

$ 

1,982,639 

$ 

1,789,148 

419,240 

26,807 

234,164 

21,761 

2,428,686 

 100.0 

2,045,073 

 100.0 

2,134,131 

 87.9 

1,763,250 

$ 

294,555 

 12.1  $ 

281,823 

 86.2 

 13.8 

 10.8 %

 79.0 %

 23.2 %

 18.8 %

 21.0 %

 4.5 %

2021

% Chg

$ 

2022

8,437 

4,519 

8,305 

295 

8,600 

27,650 

7,982 

4,311 

$ 

8,050 

290 

8,340 

25,760 

$ 

766,013 

$ 

710,673 

3,153 

3,150 

2,942 

3,105 

 5.7 %

 4.8 %

 3.2 %

 1.7 %

 3.1 %

 7.3 %

 7.8 %

 7.2 %

 1.4 %

 12.70 %

 11.25 %  12.9 %

$ 

4,672 

$ 

4,645 

 0.6 %

 8.6 %

 (7.4) %

675 

 17.3 %

 (8.2) %

786 

 (14.1) %

$  1,216,626 
5,284 

$  1,078,475 
5,040 

5,450 

4,428 

$ 

5,235 

4,116 

$ 

 12.8 %
 4.8 %

 4.1 %

 7.6 %

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  tables  set  forth  the  Werner  Logistics  segment’s  revenues,  purchased  transportation  expense,  other  operating 
expenses (primarily salaries, wages and benefits expense), total operating expenses, and operating income, as well as certain 
statistical data regarding the Werner Logistics segment.

Werner Logistics segment (in thousands)
Operating revenues

Operating expenses:

Purchased transportation expense

Other operating expenses

Total operating expenses

Operating income

Werner Logistics segment
Average tractors in service
Total tractors (at year end)
Total trailers (at year end)

2022 Compared to 2021 

Operating Revenues

2022

2021

$

%

$

%

% Chg

$ 

793,492 

  100.0  $ 

622,461 

  100.0 

 27.5 %

653,185 

104,123 

757,308 

36,184 

 82.3 

 13.1 

 95.4 

 4.6  $ 

535,379 

59,209 

594,588 

27,873 

 86.0 

 9.5 

 95.5 

 4.5 

$ 

2022

2021

52 
39 
2,315 

41 
55 
1,465 

 22.0 %

 75.9 %

 27.4 %

 29.8 %

% Chg
 26.8 %
 (29.1) %
 58.0 %

Operating  revenues  increased  20.3%  in  2022  compared  to  2021.  When  comparing  2022  to  2021,  TTS  segment  revenues 
increased $383.6 million, or 18.8%. Revenues for the Werner Logistics segment increased $171.0 million or 27.5%.

Dedicated continues to experience strong demand from the majority of our long-term customers, and our Dedicated pipeline of 
new opportunities remains strong. In the current freight market, there are fewer project and surge freight opportunities in One-
Way  Truckload  and  Logistics  compared  to  record  high  levels  a  year  ago.  We  expect  that  the  2023  freight  market  will  be 
challenging  in  the  first  half  of  the  year,  and  then  gradually  begin  to  show  improvement  in  the  second  half  of  the  year,  as 
capacity exits the market and retail inventory resets to normalized levels.

Trucking  revenues,  net  of  fuel  surcharge,  increased  10.8%  in  2022  compared  to  2021  due  to  a  5.7%  increase  in  the  average 
number of tractors in service and a 4.8% increase in average revenues per tractor per week, net of fuel surcharge. The increase 
in average revenues per tractor per week, net of fuel surcharge was due primarily to improved pricing in both Dedicated and 
One-Way  Truckload,  partially  offset  by  a  decline  in  miles  per  tractor.  The  decline  in  miles  per  tractor  resulted  from  several 
factors, including a lower length of haul due to freight mix, growth in Dedicated, the impact of our acquisitions which have a 
more regional footprint, and more tractor down time early in the year due to equipment parts shortages and COVID issues. We 
expect total miles per tractor per week for the One-Way Truckload fleet in 2023 to be comparable to 2022, and we expect a 
gradually  improving  pricing  environment  during  the  second  half  of  2023.  Considering  the  freight  market  outlook,  we  expect 
average revenues per total mile, net of fuel surcharge, for the One-Way Truckload fleet to decline in a range of 3% to 6% in the 
first half of 2023 when compared to the first half of 2022, and we expect Dedicated average revenues per tractor per week, net 
of fuel surcharge, to increase in a range of 0% to 3% in 2023 compared to 2022.

The average number of tractors in service in the TTS segment increased 5.7% to 8,437 in 2022 compared to 7,982 in 2021. We 
ended 2022 with 8,600 tractors in the TTS segment, a year-over-year increase of 260 tractors. The increase in end of period 
tractors  was  due  primarily  to  tractors  acquired  in  the  fourth  quarter  2022  Baylor  and  ReedTMS  acquisitions,  which  also 
contributed to the increase in the average number of tractors in service along with the full year impact in 2022 of the July 1, 
2021 ECM acquisition. Our Dedicated unit ended 2022 with 5,450 tractors (or 63% of our total TTS segment fleet) compared to 
5,235 tractors at the end of 2021. We currently expect our fleet size at the end of 2023 to be in a range of 1% to 4% higher 
when compared to the fleet size at the end of 2022, with the majority of the growth planned for our Dedicated unit in the second 
half of the year. We cannot predict whether future driver shortages, if any, will adversely affect our ability to maintain our fleet 
size. If such a driver market shortage were to occur, it could result in a fleet size reduction, and our results of operations could 
be adversely affected.

Trucking  fuel  surcharge  revenues  increased  79.0%  to  $419.2  million  in  2022  from  $234.2  million  in  2021  due  primarily  to 
higher average diesel fuel prices, driven by impacts of the war in Ukraine early in the year. These revenues represent collections 
from customers for the increase in fuel and fuel-related expenses, including the fuel component of our independent contractor 
cost  (recorded  as  rent  and  purchased  transportation  expense)  and  fuel  taxes  (recorded  in  taxes  and  licenses  expense),  when 
diesel  fuel  prices  rise.  Conversely,  when  fuel  prices  decrease,  fuel  surcharge  revenues  decrease.  To  lessen  the  effect  of 

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
fluctuating fuel prices on our margins, we collect fuel surcharge revenues from our customers for the cost of diesel fuel and 
taxes in excess of specified base fuel price levels according to terms in our customer contracts. Fuel surcharge rates generally 
adjust weekly based on an independent U.S. Department of Energy fuel price survey which is released every Monday. Our fuel 
surcharge programs are designed to (i) recoup higher fuel costs from customers when fuel prices rise and (ii) provide customers 
with the benefit of lower fuel costs when fuel prices decline. These programs generally enable us to recover a majority, but not 
all,  of  the  fuel  price  increases.  The  remaining  portion  is  generally  not  recoverable  because  it  results  from  empty  and  out-of-
route miles (which are not billable to customers) and tractor idle time. Fuel prices that change rapidly in short time periods also 
impact our recovery because the surcharge rate in most programs only changes once per week.

Werner Logistics revenues are generated by its three operating units, following the sale of its WGL freight forwarding services 
for international ocean and air shipments in first quarter 2021. Werner Logistics revenues exclude revenues for full truckload 
shipments transferred to the TTS segment, which are recorded as trucking revenues by the TTS segment. Werner Logistics also 
recorded revenue and brokered freight expense of $5.2 million in 2022 and $0.9 million in 2021 for movements performed by 
the TTS segment (also recorded as trucking revenue by the TTS segment), and these transactions between reporting segments 
are eliminated in consolidation. Werner Logistics revenues increased 27.5% to $793.5 million in 2022 from $622.5 million in 
2021 due primarily to volume growth in Truckload Logistics, which includes eight weeks of the acquired ReedTMS business, a 
$74.8 million increase in Final Mile revenues primarily due to the impact of NEHDS acquired in November 2021, and higher 
pricing in Intermodal. Truckload Logistics revenues (67% of total Logistics revenues), including ReedTMS, increased 24% due 
to  a  20%  increase  in  volume  and  a  4%  increase  in  revenues  per  shipment.  Intermodal  revenues  (22%  of  total  Logistics 
revenues) increased 6% due to a 23% increase in revenues per shipment, partially offset by a 17% decline in shipment volume. 
Werner Logistics operating income increased to $36.2 million in 2022 compared to $27.9 million in 2021 and operating margin 
percentage  increased  to  4.6%  in  2022  from  4.5%  in  2021.  During  2022  we  experienced  fewer  premium  pop-up  freight 
opportunities, Intermodal customer and market challenges, softening demand and start up costs in Final Mile. Werner Logistics 
revenues  were  24%  of  total  operating  revenues  in  2022.  Including  our  recent  acquisition  of  ReedTMS,  we  expect  Werner 
Logistics revenues in 2023 will grow to over 30% of total operating revenues.

Operating Expenses

Our  operating  ratio  (operating  expenses  expressed  as  a  percentage  of  operating  revenues)  was  90.2%  in  2022  compared  to 
88.7%  in  2021.  Expense  items  that  impacted  the  overall  operating  ratio  are  described  on  the  following  pages.  The  tables  on 
pages 18 through 20 show the consolidated statements of income in dollars and as a percentage of total operating revenues and 
the percentage increase or decrease in the dollar amounts of those items compared to the prior year, as well as the operating 
ratios, operating margins and certain statistical information for our two reportable segments, TTS and Werner Logistics.

Salaries, wages and benefits increased $125.6 million or 14.0% in 2022 compared to 2021 and decreased 1.7% as a percentage 
of operating revenues. The higher dollar amount of salaries, wages and benefits expense in 2022 was due primarily to increased 
driver pay, including driver pay rate increases and the impact of 18.0 million more company tractor miles in 2022. In August 
2021,  we  implemented  driver  pay  increases  of  approximately  $11  million  annually  in  our  One-Way  Truckload  fleet.  Within 
Dedicated, we continue to implement driver pay increases as needed. The increase in salaries, wages and benefits was also due 
to a larger number of non-driver employees, higher salaries, and higher benefits. Non-driver salaries, wages and benefits in our 
non-trucking  Werner  Logistics  segment  increased  58.4%  as  a  result  of  more  employees  to  support  the  27.5%  growth  of 
Logistics revenues.

We renewed our workers’ compensation insurance coverage on April 1, 2022. Our coverage levels are the same as the prior 
policy year. We continue to maintain a self-insurance retention of $2.0 million per claim. Our workers’ compensation insurance 
premiums for the policy year beginning April 2022 are $0.4 million higher than the premiums for the previous policy year.

While inflationary cost pressures continue to be challenging, particularly for labor, equipment maintenance and insurance, we 
have begun to see some easing in the competitive driver recruiting and retention markets. A competitive driver market presents 
labor challenges for customers and carriers alike. Several ongoing market factors persisted including a declining number of, and 
increased  competition  for,  driver  training  school  graduates,  aging  truck  driver  demographics  and  increased  truck  safety 
regulations.  We  continue  to  take  significant  actions  to  strengthen  our  driver  recruiting  and  retention  as  we  strive  to  be  the 
truckload  employer  of  choice,  including  raising  driver  pay,  providing  a  modern  tractor  and  trailer  fleet  with  the  latest  safety 
equipment and technology, investing and expanding our driver training school network and offering a wide variety of driving 
positions  including  daily  and  weekly  home  time  opportunities.  We  are  unable  to  predict  whether  we  will  experience  future 
driver shortages or maintain our current driver retention rates. If such a driver shortage were to occur and additional driver pay 
rate  increases  became  necessary  to  attract  and  retain  drivers,  our  results  of  operations  would  be  negatively  impacted  to  the 
extent that we could not obtain corresponding freight rate increases.

21

Fuel increased $191.4 million or 77.9% in 2022 compared to 2021 and increased 4.3% as a percentage of operating revenues 
due  to  higher  average  diesel  fuel  prices  and  18.0  million  more  company  tractor  miles  in  2022.  Average  diesel  fuel  prices, 
excluding fuel taxes, for the full year 2022 were $1.55 higher than the full year 2021, a 71% increase. 

We continue to employ measures to improve our fuel mpg such as (i) limiting tractor engine idle time, (ii) optimizing the speed, 
weight  and  specifications  of  our  equipment  and  (iii)  implementing  mpg-enhancing  equipment  changes  to  our  fleet  including 
new  tractors,  more  aerodynamic  tractor  features,  idle  reduction  systems,  trailer  tire  inflation  systems,  trailer  skirts  and 
automated  manual  transmissions  to  reduce  our  fuel  gallons  purchased.  However,  fuel  savings  from  mpg  improvement  is 
partially offset by higher depreciation expense and the additional cost of diesel exhaust fluid. Although our fuel management 
programs  require  significant  capital  investment  and  research  and  development,  we  intend  to  continue  these  and  other 
environmentally  conscious  initiatives,  including  our  active  participation  as  an  EPA  SmartWay  Transport  Partner.  The 
SmartWay Transport Partnership is a national voluntary program developed by the EPA and freight industry representatives to 
reduce greenhouse gases and air pollution and promote cleaner, more efficient ground freight transportation.

Through  February  17,  the  average  diesel  fuel  price  per  gallon  in  2023  was  approximately  47  cents  higher  than  the  average 
diesel fuel price per gallon in the same period of 2022 and approximately 7 cents higher than the average for first quarter 2022.

Shortages of fuel, increases in fuel prices and petroleum product rationing can have a material adverse effect on our operations 
and profitability. We are unable to predict whether fuel price levels will increase or decrease in the future or the extent to which 
fuel  surcharges  will  be  collected  from  customers.  As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  had  no  derivative  financial  instruments  to 
reduce our exposure to fuel price fluctuations.

Supplies and maintenance increased $46.4 million or 22.4% in 2022 compared to 2021 and increased 0.1% as a percentage of 
operating revenues. Supplies and maintenance expense increased due to higher costs for tractor and trailer parts, tires, and over-
the-road repairs resulting from inflationary cost increases, as well as higher costs for tolls and travel post-COVID. The average 
age of our tractors and trailers increased by 0.1 years and 0.5 years at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021, 
respectively, primarily due to limited new equipment availability. While it remains difficult to obtain new tractors and trailers, 
we anticipate that new tractor and trailer production will show modest improvement in 2023. Operating older equipment has a 
direct impact on our supplies and maintenance costs.

Insurance  and  claims  increased  $48.7  million  or  49.4%  in  2022  compared  to  2021  and  increased  0.9%  as  a  percentage  of 
operating revenues, due primarily to a higher amount of unfavorable reserve development, higher expense for new claims, and 
higher  liability  insurance  premiums.  The  majority  of  the  higher  unfavorable  reserve  development  related  to  unexpected  and 
unfortunate legal developments for prior year motor vehicle accidents that have been settled, including a settlement of a lawsuit 
in Texas arising from a May 24, 2020 accident for which we recognized $9.5 million of insurance and claims expense in 2022. 
We also incurred insurance and claims expense of $5.4 million and $5.1 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively, for accrued 
interest related to a previously-disclosed adverse jury verdict rendered on May 17, 2018, which we are appealing (see Note 12 
in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part II of this Form 10-K). Interest is accrued at $0.5 million per 
month, until such time as the outcome of our appeal is finalized. The majority of our insurance and claims expense results from 
our claim experience and claim development under our self-insurance program; the remainder results from insurance premiums 
for claims in excess of our self-insured limits. In 2022, we achieved our lowest DOT preventable accident rate per million miles 
in the last 10 years. Over the longer term, we expect our accident per million miles performance will improve our insurance and 
claims  experience.  While  we  cannot  ignore  the  increasing  trend  of  high  dollar  verdicts  and  settlements,  we  expect  our  2023 
insurance and claims expense to moderate from 2022.

We renewed our liability insurance policies on August 1, 2022 and are responsible for the first $10.0 million per claim on all 
claims  with  an  annual  $10.0  million  aggregate  for  claims  between  $10.0  million  and  $20.0  million.  For  the  policy  year  that 
began  August  1,  2021,  we  were  responsible  for  the  first  $10.0  million  per  claim  on  all  claims  with  an  annual  $10.0  million 
aggregate for claims between $10.0 million and $15.0 million. We maintain liability insurance coverage with insurance carriers 
in excess of the $10.0 million per claim. Our liability insurance premiums for the policy year that began August 1, 2022 are 
$1.9 million higher than premiums for the previous policy year.

Depreciation  and  amortization  expense  increased  $12.2  million  or  4.6%  in  2022  compared  to  2021  and  decreased  1.3%  as  a 
percentage of operating revenues due primarily to higher tractor depreciation on a larger company tractor fleet and depreciation 
and  amortization  on  tangible  and  intangible  assets  recorded  in  our  business  acquisitions,  partially  offset  by  the  impact  of  a 
change in accounting estimate effective January 1, 2022, due to the ongoing stronger used trailer market and the increasing cost 
of new trailers, which decreased trailer depreciation expense by $12.7 million in 2022.  

The average age of our tractor fleet remains low by industry standards and was 2.3 years as of  December 31, 2022, and the 
average  age  of  our  trailers  was  5.0  years.  We  continued  to  invest  in  new  tractors  and  trailers  and  our  terminals  in  2022  to 

22

improve our driver experience, increase operational efficiency and more effectively manage our maintenance, safety and fuel 
costs. In 2023, we expect to slightly lower the average age of our tractor fleet and maintain the average age of our trailer fleet.

Rent and purchased transportation expense increased $136.3 million or 21.3% in 2022 compared to 2021 and increased 0.2% as 
a  percentage  of  operating  revenues.  Rent  and  purchased  transportation  expense  consists  mostly  of  payments  to  third-party 
capacity providers in the Werner Logistics segment and other non-trucking operations and payments to independent contractors 
in  the  TTS  segment.  The  payments  to  third-party  capacity  providers  generally  vary  depending  on  changes  in  the  volume  of 
services  generated  by  the  Werner  Logistics  segment.  Werner  Logistics  purchased  transportation  expense  increased  $117.8 
million  as  a  result  of  higher  logistics  revenues,  which  includes  8  weeks  of  the  acquired  ReedTMS  logistics  business,  and 
decreased to 82.3% as a percentage of Werner Logistics revenues in 2022 from 86.0% in 2021 due to improved pricing and the 
effect of the NEHDS acquisition, as NEHDS utilizes both employees and contracted drive teams.

Rent  and  purchased  transportation  expense  for  the  TTS  segment  increased  $17.5  million  in  2022  compared  to  2021  due 
primarily to higher reimbursements to independent contractors because of significantly higher average diesel fuel prices. The 
higher expense was partially offset by fewer independent contractor miles in 2022. Independent contractor miles decreased 10.0 
million miles in 2022 and as a percentage of total miles were 4.5% in 2022 compared to 5.8% in 2021. Because independent 
contractors supply their own tractors and drivers and are responsible for their operating expenses, the decrease in independent 
contractor miles as a percentage of total miles shifted costs from the rent and purchased transportation category to other expense 
categories, including (i) salaries, wages and benefits, (ii) fuel, (iii) depreciation, (iv) supplies and maintenance and (v) taxes and 
licenses.

Challenging operating conditions continue to make independent contractor recruitment and retention difficult. Such conditions 
include inflationary cost increases that are the responsibility of independent contractors and a shortage of financing available to 
independent  contractors  for  equipment  purchases.  Historically,  we  have  been  able  to  add  company  tractors  and  recruit 
additional  company  drivers  to  offset  any  decrease  in  the  number  of  independent  contractors.  If  a  shortage  of  independent 
contractors and company drivers occurs, further increases in per-mile settlement rates (for independent contractors) and driver 
pay  rates  (for  company  drivers)  may  become  necessary  to  attract  and  retain  these  drivers.  This  could  negatively  affect  our 
results of operations to the extent that we would not be able to obtain corresponding freight rate increases.

Other operating expenses decreased $23.2 million in 2022 compared to 2021 and decreased 0.5% as a percentage of operating 
revenues  due  primarily  to  higher  gains  on  sales  of  property  and  equipment  (primarily  used  tractors  and  trailers)  and  a  $2.5 
million reversal of the contingent consideration recorded in the NEHDS acquisition because the financial performance goals in 
2022 were not achieved, partially offset by the impact of a $1.0 million gain from the sale of WGL in first quarter 2021. Gains 
on sales of property and equipment are reflected as a reduction of other operating expenses and are reported net of sales-related 
expenses (which include costs to prepare the equipment for sale). Gains on sales of property and equipment were $88.6 million 
in 2022, compared to $61.5 million in 2021. In 2022, we sold fewer tractors and trailers than in 2021. We realized substantially 
higher  average  gains  per  tractor  and  trailer  sold  in  2022  due  to  significantly  improved  pricing  in  the  market  for  our  used 
equipment,  which  we  believe  is  a  result  of  increased  demand  for  previously  used  equipment  because  of  production  delays 
limiting availability of new equipment in the industry. In 2023, we anticipate the used truck and trailer market will weaken, as 
we expect a greater number of small carriers to exit the trucking industry due to lower spot rates and much higher operating 
costs. As a result, we expect our gains on sales of property and equipment in 2023 to decrease to between $30 million and $50 
million. 

Other Income, Net

Other income, net of expense, decreased $35.2 million in 2022 compared to 2021 due primarily to a $28.1 million decrease in 
the amount of unrealized net gains recognized on our investments in equity securities (see Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial  Statements  set  forth  in  Part  II  of  this  Form  10-K)  and  a  $7.4  million  increase  in  interest  expense.  Interest  expense 
increased primarily due to higher average debt outstanding and higher interest rates. In 2023, we expect interest expense will be 
higher than in 2022, primarily due to higher interest rates, as well as maintaining a higher debt level.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense decreased $5.3 million in 2022 compared to 2021, due to lower pre-tax income. The effective income tax 
rate  (income  taxes  expressed  as  a  percentage  of  income  before  income  taxes)  was  24.4%  in  2022  and  2021.  We  currently 
estimate our full year 2023 effective income tax rate to be approximately 24.0% to 25.0%.

2021 Compared to 2020 

For a comparison of the Company’s results of operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 to the fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2020, see Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in 

23

the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the U.S. Securities 
and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources:

We closely manage our liquidity and capital resources. Our liquidity requirements depend on key variables, including the level 
of  investment  needed  to  support  business  strategies,  the  performance  of  the  business,  capital  expenditures,  borrowing 
arrangements,  and  working  capital  management.  Capital  expenditures,  business  acquisitions,  stock  repurchases,  and  dividend 
payments  are  components  of  our  cash  flow  and  capital  management  strategy,  which  to  a  large  extent,  can  be  adjusted  in 
response to economic and other changes in the business environment. Management’s approach to capital allocation focuses on 
investing  in  key  priorities  that  support  our  business  and  growth  strategies  and  providing  shareholder  returns,  while  funding 
ongoing operations.

Management believes our financial position at December 31, 2022 is strong. As of December 31, 2022, we had $107.2 million 
of cash and cash equivalents and over $1.4 billion of stockholders’ equity. Cash is invested primarily in government portfolio 
money market funds. In addition, we have a $1.075 billion credit facility, for which our total available borrowing capacity was 
$416.2 million as of December 31, 2022. We believe our liquid assets, cash generated from operating activities, and borrowing 
capacity  under  our  existing  credit  facility  will  provide  sufficient  funds  to  meet  our  cash  requirements  and  our  planned 
shareholder returns for the foreseeable future.

Our material cash requirements include the following contractual and other obligations.

•

•

•

Debt Obligations and Interest Payments – As of December 31, 2022, we had outstanding debt with an aggregate principal 
amount of $693.8 million, with $6.3 million payable within 12 months. Future interest payments associated with our debt 
obligations are estimated to be $136.0 million through 2027, with $31.3 million payable within 12 months. See Note 8 in 
the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K for further detail of our debt and 
the timing of expected future principal payments.

Operating Leases – We have entered into operating leases primarily for real estate. As of December 31, 2022, we had fixed 
lease  payment  obligations  of  $46.6  million,  with  $10.6  million  payable  within  12  months.  See  Note  5  in  the  Notes  to 
Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K for further detail of our lease obligations and 
the timing of expected future payments.

Purchase  Obligations  –  As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  have  committed  to  property  and  equipment  purchases  of 
approximately $278.6 million within the next 12 months.

In addition to our cash requirements, the Board of Directors has authorized us to deliver value to shareholders through stock 
repurchases and quarterly cash dividends. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any specific 
number of shares. We plan to continue paying a quarterly dividend, which currently results in a cash outlay of slightly more 
than $8 million per quarter. 

Cash Flows

We generated cash flow from operations of $448.7 million during 2022 compared to $332.8 million during 2021. The increase 
in  net  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  was  due  primarily  to  working  capital  changes  resulting  from  growth  in  accounts 
receivable during 2021. We were able to make net capital expenditures, make additional strategic investments, pay dividends, 
and repurchase Company stock with the net cash provided by operating activities and existing cash balances, supplemented by 
net borrowings under our credit facilities.

Net  cash  used  in  investing  activities  was  $514.3  million  during  2022  compared  to  $397.3  million  during  2021.  Net  cash 
invested in our business acquisitions was $184.1 million during 2022 compared to $201.8 million during 2021. Net property 
and equipment additions (primarily revenue equipment) were $317.6 million during 2022 compared to $193.0 million during 
2021. We currently estimate net capital expenditures (primarily revenue equipment) in 2023 to be in the range of $350 million 
to $400 million. We intend to fund these net capital expenditures through cash flows from operations and financing available 
under our existing credit facilities, if necessary. 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $118.0 million during 2022 compared to $89.7 million during 2021. We had net 
borrowings of $266.3 million during 2022, increasing our outstanding debt to $693.8 million at December 31, 2022. A portion 
of the proceeds were used to finance our Baylor and ReedTMS acquisitions. We had net borrowings of $227.5 million during 
2021,  which  were  primarily  used  to  finance  our  ECM  and  NEHDS  acquisitions.  We  paid  dividends  of  $32.2  million  during 
2022 and $29.1 million during 2021. We increased our quarterly dividend rate by $0.01 per share, or 8%, beginning with the 
quarterly dividend paid in July 2022.

24

Financing  activities  for  2022  also  included  common  stock  repurchases  of  2,710,304  shares  at  a  cost  of  $110.4  million.  We 
repurchased  2,297,911  shares  during  2021  at  a  cost  of  $104.4  million.  The  Company  has  repurchased,  and  may  continue  to 
repurchase,  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock.  The  timing  and  amount  of  such  purchases  depend  upon  economic  and 
stock  market  conditions  and  other  factors.  On  November  9,  2021,  our  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  new  stock  repurchase 
program  under  which  the  Company  is  authorized  to  repurchase  up  to  6,000,000  shares  of  its  common  stock.  As  of 
December  31,  2022,  the  Company  had  purchased  3,688,190  shares  pursuant  to  this  authorization  and  had  2,311,810  shares 
remaining available for repurchase.

Critical Accounting Estimates:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the (i) reported amounts of assets and liabilities and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (ii) reported amounts of 
revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  We  evaluate  these  estimates  on  an  ongoing  basis  as  events  and 
circumstances change, utilizing historical experience, consultation with experts and other methods considered reasonable in the 
particular circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates and may significantly impact our results of operations 
from period to period. It is also possible that materially different amounts would be reported if we used different estimates or 
assumptions.

Estimates  of  accrued  liabilities  for  insurance  and  claims  for  bodily  injury,  property  damage  and  workers’  compensation  is  a 
critical accounting estimate that requires us to make significant judgments and estimates and affects our financial statements. 
The  accruals  for  bodily  injury,  property  damage  and  workers’  compensation  (current  and  non-current)  are  recorded  at  the 
estimated ultimate payment amounts and are based upon individual case estimates and actuarial estimates of loss development 
for reported losses and incurred-but-not-reported losses using loss development factors based upon past experience. In order to 
determine the loss development factors, we make judgments relating to the comparability of historical claims to current claims. 
These  judgments  consider  the  nature,  frequency,  severity,  and  age  of  claims,  and  industry,  regulatory,  and  company-specific 
trends impacting the development of claims. An independent actuary reviews our calculation of the undiscounted self-insurance 
reserves for bodily injury and property damage claims and workers’ compensation claims at year-end. The actual cost to settle 
our  self-insured  claim  liabilities  can  differ  from  our  reserve  estimates  because  of  a  number  of  uncertainties,  including  the 
inherent difficulty in estimating the severity of a claim and the potential amount to defend and settle a claim. We have not made 
any material changes in the accounting methodology or assumptions used to calculate our accrued liabilities for insurance and 
claims for bodily injury, property damage, and workers’ compensation during the past three years. At December 31, 2022 and 
2021, we had an accrual of $323.6 million and $309.8 million, respectively, for estimated insurance and claims for (i) cargo 
loss and damage, (ii) bodily injury and property damage, (iii) group health, and (iv) workers’ compensation claims not covered 
by insurance. A 10% change in actuarial estimates at December 31, 2022, would have changed our insurance and claims accrual 
by approximately $30.3 million.

25

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk from changes in commodity prices, foreign currency exchange rates, and interest rates.

Commodity Price Risk

The price and availability of diesel fuel are subject to fluctuations attributed to changes in the level of global oil production, 
refining capacity, regulatory changes, seasonality, weather and other market factors. Historically, we have recovered a majority, 
but  not  all,  of  fuel  price  increases  from  customers  in  the  form  of  fuel  surcharges.  We  implemented  customer  fuel  surcharge 
programs with most of our customers to offset much of the higher fuel cost per gallon. However, we do not recover all of the 
fuel cost increase through these surcharge programs. As of December 31, 2022, we had no derivative financial instruments to 
reduce our exposure to fuel price fluctuations.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We  conduct  business  in  foreign  countries,  primarily  in  Mexico.  To  date,  most  foreign  revenues  are  denominated  in  U.S. 
Dollars, and we receive payment for foreign freight services primarily in U.S. Dollars to reduce direct foreign currency risk. 
Assets and liabilities maintained by a foreign subsidiary company in the local currency are subject to foreign exchange gains or 
losses. Foreign currency translation gains and losses primarily relate to changes in the value of revenue equipment owned by a 
subsidiary in Mexico, whose functional currency is the Peso. Foreign currency translation gains were $2.4 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2022 and foreign currency translation losses were $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, and 
were  recorded  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  within  stockholders’  equity  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  The 
exchange  rate  between  the  Mexican  Peso  and  the  U.S.  Dollar  was  19.36  Pesos  to  $1.00  at  December  31,  2022  compared  to 
20.58 Pesos to $1.00 at December 31, 2021.

Interest Rate Risk

We manage interest rate exposure through a mix of variable interest rate debt and interest rate swap agreements. We had $150.0 
million of variable interest rate debt outstanding at December 31, 2022, for which the interest rate is effectively fixed at 2.78% 
through May 2024 with two interest rate swap agreements to reduce our exposure to interest rate increases. In addition, we had 
$450.0 million of variable interest rate debt outstanding at December 31, 2022. The interest rates on our unused credit facility 
are based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). See Note 8 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under 
Item  8  of  Part  II  of  this  Form  10-K  for  further  detail  of  our  debt.  Assuming  this  level  of  borrowing,  a  hypothetical  one-
percentage point increase in the SOFR interest rate would increase our annual interest expense by approximately $4.5 million.

26

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Werner Enterprises, Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Werner Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as 
of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity 
and temporary equity - redeemable noncontrolling interest, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended 
December 31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule II valuation and qualifying accounts (collectively, 
the  consolidated  financial  statements).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material 
respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash 
flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  three-year  period  ended  December  31,  2022,  in  conformity  with  U.S.  generally  accepted 
accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in 
Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway 
Commission, and our report dated February 27, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the 
PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and 
the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement, 
whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the 
consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such 
procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, 
as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  We  believe  that  our  audits  provide  a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or 
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or 
complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated 
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate 
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

27

Evaluation of insurance and claims accruals

As  discussed  in  Note  1  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  estimates  the  insurance  and  claims  accruals 
related to (1) cargo loss and damage, (2) bodily injury and property damage, (3) group health, and (4) workers’ compensation 
claims not covered by insurance. The Company’s current and non-current insurance and claims accruals were $78.6 million and 
$244.9 million, respectively. The accruals specifically for bodily injury, property damage, and workers’ compensation are based 
upon  individual  case  estimates  and  actuarial  estimates  of  loss  development  for  reported  losses  and  incurred-but-not-reported 
losses  using  loss  development  factors  based  upon  past  experience.  In  order  to  determine  the  loss  development  factors,  the 
Company makes judgments relating to the comparability of historical claims to current claims. These judgments consider the 
nature, frequency, severity and age of claims, and industry, regulatory, and company-specific trends impacting the development 
of  claims.  The  Company  has  an  independent  actuary  review  their  calculation  of  these  undiscounted  insurance  and  claims 
accruals.

We  identified  the  evaluation  of  the  Company’s  insurance  and  claims  accruals  related  to  bodily  injury,  property  damage,  and 
workers’ compensation claims not covered by insurance as a critical audit matter. Specifically, evaluating the loss development 
factors  used  to  determine  these  insurance  and  claims  accruals  involved  a  high  degree  of  complexity  and  subjectivity.  In 
addition, specialized skills were needed to evaluate the Company’s models to calculate these undiscounted insurance and claims 
accruals. 

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested 
the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to these insurance and claims accruals, including controls related 
to the determination of loss development factors used to determine these insurance and claims accruals. We involved actuarial 
professionals with specialized skills and knowledge who assisted in:

•

•

•

assessing  the  models  used  by  the  Company  to  determine  these  insurance  and  claims  accruals  for  consistency  with 
generally accepted actuarial standards

assessing the determination of loss development factors used in the models for consistency with historical Company 
data and company-specific trends

developing  an  independent  expectation  of  the  Company’s  insurance  and  claims  accruals  and  comparing  to  the 
Company’s estimate.

We  tested  historical  claims  paid  and  claims  reported,  but  not  paid,  that  are  used  as  an  input  to  the  Company’s  models  to 
calculate these insurance and claims accruals for consistency with data used in the prior year. We tested actual claims paid and 
claims reported, but not paid, for the current year that are used as an input to the Company’s models to calculate these insurance 
and claims accruals for consistency with the Company’s actual claims paid and claims reported, but not paid. We compared the 
Company’s prior period insurance and claims accruals to actual claims in the current period to assess the Company’s ability to 
accurately estimate costs.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1999.

Omaha, Nebraska
February 27, 2023

28

WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Operating revenues

Operating expenses:

Salaries, wages and benefits

Fuel

Supplies and maintenance

Taxes and licenses

Insurance and claims

Depreciation and amortization

Rent and purchased transportation

Communications and utilities

Other

Total operating expenses

Operating income

Other expense (income):

Interest expense

Interest income

Gain on investments in equity securities, net

Other

Total other expense (income)

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense

Net income

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

Net income attributable to Werner

Earnings per share:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$  3,289,978 

$  2,734,372 

$  2,372,178 

  1,020,609 

437,299 

253,096 

97,929 

147,365 

279,923 

777,464 

15,856 

895,012 

245,866 

206,701 

96,095 

98,658 

267,700 

641,159 

13,460 

795,847 

157,124 

175,842 

95,746 

109,816 

263,286 

519,184 

14,474 

(62,639) 
  2,966,902 

(39,425) 
  2,425,226 

13,421 
  2,144,740 

323,076 

309,146 

227,438 

11,828 

(1,731) 

(12,195) 

388 

4,423 

(1,211) 

(40,317) 

236 

(1,710) 

(36,869) 

324,786 

79,206 

245,580 

346,015 

84,537 

261,478 

(4,324) 

(2,426) 

4,215 

(1,634) 

— 

163 

2,744 

224,694 

55,616 

169,078 

— 

$ 

241,256 

$ 

259,052 

$ 

169,078 

$ 

$ 

3.76 

3.74 

$ 

$ 

3.84 

3.82 

$ 

$ 

2.45 

2.44 

64,125 

64,579 

67,434 

67,855 

69,018 

69,427 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

29

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)
Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps, net of tax

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest

Comprehensive income attributable to Werner

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

245,580 

$ 

261,478 

$ 

169,078 

2,426 

6,886 

9,312 

(1,381) 

3,610 

2,229 

(2,867) 

(5,238) 

(8,105) 

254,892 

263,707 

160,973 

(4,324) 

(2,426) 

— 

$ 

250,568 

$ 

261,281 

$ 

160,973 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

30

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share amounts)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, trade, less allowance of $10,271 and $9,169, respectively
Other receivables
Inventories and supplies
Prepaid taxes, licenses and permits
Other current assets

Total current assets

Property and equipment, at cost:

Land
Buildings and improvements
Revenue equipment
Service equipment and other

Total property and equipment

Less – accumulated depreciation

Property and equipment, net

Goodwill
Intangible assets, net
Other non-current assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES, TEMPORARY EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable
Current portion of long-term debt
Insurance and claims accruals
Accrued payroll
Accrued expenses
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net of current portion
Other long-term liabilities
Insurance and claims accruals, net of current portion
Deferred income taxes

Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies
Temporary equity - redeemable noncontrolling interest
Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 80,533,536 shares

issued; 63,223,003 and 65,790,112 shares outstanding, respectively

Paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Treasury stock, at cost; 17,310,533 and 14,743,424 shares, respectively

Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

31

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

107,240 
518,815 
29,875 
14,527 
17,699 
74,459 
762,615 

54,196 
460,518 
24,449 
11,140 
17,549 
63,361 
631,213 

100,594 
309,241 
2,169,172 
306,634 
2,885,641 
1,060,365 
1,825,276 
132,717 
81,502 
295,145 
$  3,097,255 

77,172 
287,331 
1,910,874 
282,448 
2,557,825 
944,582 
1,613,243 
74,618 
55,315 
229,324 
$  2,603,713 

$ 

124,483 
6,250 
78,620 
49,793 
20,358 
30,016 
309,520 
687,500 
59,677 
244,946 
313,278 
1,614,921 

$ 

93,987 
5,000 
72,594 
44,333 
28,758 
24,011 
268,683 
422,500 
43,314 
237,220 
268,499 
1,240,216 

38,699 

35,947 

805 
129,837 
1,875,873 
(11,292) 
(551,588) 
1,443,635 
$  3,097,255 

805 
121,904 
1,667,104 
(20,604) 
(441,659) 
1,327,550 
$  2,603,713 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Years Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

$  245,580 

$  261,478 

$  169,078 

Depreciation and amortization
Deferred income taxes
Gain on disposal of property and equipment
Non-cash equity compensation
Insurance and claims accruals, net of current portion
Gain on investments in equity securities, net
Other
Changes in certain working capital items:

Accounts receivable, net
Other current assets
Accounts payable
Other current liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Additions to property and equipment
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment
Net cash invested in acquisitions
Investment in equity securities
Decrease in notes receivable

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of short-term debt
Proceeds from issuance of short-term debt
Repayments of long-term debt
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
Dividends on common stock
Repurchases of common stock
Tax withholding related to net share settlements of restricted stock awards
Distribution to noncontrolling interest

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

Interest paid
Income taxes paid

Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:

Notes receivable issued upon sale of property and equipment
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
Property and equipment acquired included in accounts payable
Property and equipment disposed included in other receivables
Dividends accrued but not yet paid at end of period
Noncontrolling interest associated with acquisition
Contingent consideration associated with acquisition

279,923 
42,553 
(88,564) 
12,486 
7,726 
(12,195) 
(13,295) 

3,174 
(18,333) 
(3,665) 
(6,679) 
448,711 

(507,252) 
189,673 
(184,118) 
(20,250) 
7,614 
(514,333) 

(3,750) 
— 
(100,000) 
370,000 
(32,162) 
(110,400) 
(4,082) 
(1,572) 
118,034 
632 
53,044 
54,196 
$  107,240 

$ 

$ 

11,186 
40,313 

5,577 
6,886 
5,937 
110 
8,220 
— 
13,400 

$ 

$ 

$ 

267,700 
29,488 
(60,528) 
10,807 
5,582 
(40,317) 
(3,105) 

(101,007) 
(27,903) 
14,742 
(24,118) 
332,819 

(370,850) 
177,801 
(201,845) 
(10,000) 
7,593 
(397,301) 

(27,500) 
5,000 
— 
250,000 
(29,083) 
(104,444) 
(4,270) 
(35) 
89,668 
(324) 
24,862 
29,334 
54,196 

4,228 
81,185 

5,953 
3,610 
7,124 
— 
7,895 
33,556 
2,500 

263,286 
(10,233) 
(11,271) 
8,903 
3,420 
— 
13,641 

(18,258) 
(7,390) 
(2,483) 
37,216 
445,909 

(413,065) 
146,824 
— 
(5,000) 
7,966 
(263,275) 

(90,000) 
40,000 
(50,000) 
— 
(24,888) 
(56,521) 
(4,553) 
— 
(185,962) 
(780) 
(4,108) 
33,442 
29,334 

4,415 
54,173 

3,441 
(5,238) 
12,250 
30 
6,114 
— 
— 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

32

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND 
TEMPORARY EQUITY - REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

(In thousands, except share and per 

share amounts)

Common
Stock

Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Treasury
Stock

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

Temporary 
Equity - 
Redeemable 
Noncontrolling 
Interest

BALANCE, December 31, 2019

Net income attributable to Werner

Other comprehensive loss

Purchase of 1,482,992 shares of 

common stock

Dividends on common stock 

($0.36 per share)

Equity compensation activity, 

170,193 shares

Non-cash equity compensation 

expense

BALANCE, December 31, 2020
Net income attributable to Werner

Net income attributable to 
noncontrolling interest

Other comprehensive income
Purchase of 2,297,911 shares of 

common stock

Dividends on common stock 

($0.46 per share)

Equity compensation activity, 

156,297 shares

Non-cash equity compensation 

expense

Investment in noncontrolling 

interest

Purchase accounting adjustments
Distribution to noncontrolling 

interest

BALANCE, December 31, 2021
Net income attributable to Werner

Net income attributable to 
noncontrolling interest

Other comprehensive income
Purchase of 2,710,304 shares of 

common stock

Dividends on common stock 

($0.51 per share)

Equity compensation activity, 

143,195 shares

Non-cash equity compensation 

expense

Distribution to noncontrolling 

interest

$ 

805  $  112,649  $  1,294,608  $ 

(14,728)  $ (282,326)  $  1,111,008 

$ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

169,078 

— 

— 

(24,770)   

(5,513)   

8,903 

— 

— 

— 

(8,105)   

— 

— 

169,078 

(8,105) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(56,521)   

(56,521) 

— 

(24,770) 

960 

— 

(4,553) 

8,903 

805 

  116,039 

  1,438,916 

(22,833)    (337,887)    1,195,040 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

259,052 

— 

— 

— 

(30,864)   

(4,942)   

10,807 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,229 

— 

— 

— 

259,052 

— 

2,229 

— 

  (104,444)   

(104,444) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(30,864) 

672 

(4,270) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

10,807 

— 

— 

— 

805 

  121,904 

  1,667,104 

(20,604)    (441,659)    1,327,550 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

241,256 

— 

— 

— 

(32,487)   

(4,553)   

12,486 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

9,312 

— 

— 

— 

241,256 

— 

9,312 

— 

  (110,400)   

(110,400) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(32,487) 

471 

(4,082) 

12,486 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,426 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

35,322 

(1,766) 

(35) 

35,947 

— 

4,324 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

BALANCE, December 31, 2022

$ 

805  $  129,837  $  1,875,873  $ 

(11,292)  $ (551,588)  $  1,443,635 

$ 

38,699 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

33

— 

(1,572) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Werner Enterprises, 
Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions relating to these 
entities have been eliminated.

Nature of Business: The Company is a truckload transportation and logistics provider operating under the jurisdiction of the 
U.S. Department of Transportation, similar governmental transportation agencies in the foreign countries in which we operate 
and  various  U.S.  state  regulatory  authorities.  Our  ten  largest  customers  comprised  46%  of  our  revenues  for  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2022,  and  49%  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2021  and  2020.  Our  largest  customer,  Dollar  General, 
accounted  for  14%  of  our  total  revenues  in  2022  and  2021,  and  12%  in  2020.  Revenues  generated  by  Dollar  General  are 
reported in both of our reportable operating segments. Dollar General accounted for 13% and 16% of our accounts receivable, 
trade balance as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Use of Management Estimates: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles 
generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the 
(i) reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated 
financial  statements  and  (ii)  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  The  most  significant 
estimates that affect our financial statements include the accrued liabilities for insurance and claims and useful lives and salvage 
values of property and equipment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents: We consider all highly liquid investments, purchased with a maturity of three months or less, to 
be cash equivalents. Accounts at banks with an aggregate excess of the amount of checks issued over cash balances are included 
in current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, and changes in such accounts are reported as a financing activity in the 
consolidated statements of cash flows.

Trade Accounts Receivable: We record trade accounts receivable at the invoiced amounts, net of an allowance for doubtful 
accounts  for  potentially  uncollectible  receivables.  We  review  the  financial  condition  of  customers  for  granting  credit  and 
determine  the  allowance  based  on  analysis  of  individual  customers’  financial  condition,  historical  write-off  experience  and 
national economic conditions. We evaluate the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. Past due balances 
over 90 days and exceeding a specified amount are reviewed individually for collectibility. Account balances are charged off 
against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. We 
do not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to our customers.

Inventories and Supplies: Inventories and supplies are stated at the lower of average cost and net realizable value and consist 
primarily of revenue equipment parts, tires, fuel and supplies. Tires placed on new revenue equipment are capitalized as a part 
of the equipment cost. Replacement tires are expensed when placed in service.

Property,  Equipment,  and  Depreciation:  Additions  and  improvements  to  property  and  equipment  are  capitalized  at  cost, 
while maintenance and repair expenditures are charged to operations as incurred. Gains and losses on the sale or exchange of 
property and equipment are recorded in other operating expenses.

Depreciation is calculated based on the cost of the asset, reduced by the asset’s estimated salvage value, using the straight-line 
method. Accelerated depreciation methods are used for income tax purposes. The lives and salvage values assigned to certain 
assets for financial reporting purposes are different than for income tax purposes. For financial reporting purposes, assets are 
generally depreciated using the following estimated useful lives and salvage values:

Building and improvements

Tractors

Trailers

Service and other equipment

Lives

30 years

80 months

12 years

3-10 years

Salvage Values

0%

$0 - $10,000

$6,000

0%

Depreciation expense was $273.8 million, $265.8 million, and $263.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, 
and 2020 respectively, and is reported in depreciation and amortization on the consolidated statements of income.

34

 
Due to the ongoing stronger used trailer market and the increasing cost of new trailers, a change in accounting estimate was 
made  during  the  first  quarter  of  2022,  which  decreased  depreciation  expense  by  $12.7  million  in  2022.  During  first  quarter 
2020, we changed the estimated life of certain trucks expected to be sold in 2020 to more rapidly depreciate the trucks to their 
estimated residual values due to the weak used truck market. The effect of this change in accounting estimate was a $9.6 million 
increase to 2020 depreciation expense. These trucks continued to depreciate at the same higher rate per truck, until all were sold 
in 2020.

Goodwill: Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired 
in business combinations and is allocated to reporting units that are expected to benefit from the combinations. Goodwill is not 
amortized,  but  rather  is  tested  for  impairment  annually  in  the  fourth  quarter,  or  more  frequently  if  indicators  of  a  potential 
impairment exist. Impairment exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit that includes goodwill exceeds its fair value, 
resulting in an impairment charge for the excess up to the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. To test goodwill 
for impairment, we have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the 
carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. If a qualitative test indicates a potential for impairment, a quantitative 
impairment  test  must  be  performed.  Alternatively,  we  may  bypass  the  qualitative  assessment  and  perform  a  quantitative 
impairment test. A qualitative assessment considers relevant events and circumstances such as macroeconomic, industry, and 
market  conditions;  legal,  regulatory,  and  competitive  environments;  and  overall  financial  performance.  For  a  quantitative 
impairment  test,  we  estimate  the  fair  values  of  the  goodwill  reporting  units  and  compare  it  to  their  carrying  values.  The 
estimated  fair  values  of  the  reporting  units  are  established  using  a  combination  of  the  income  and  market  approaches.  No 
impairment charges have resulted from the annual impairment tests.

Amortization of Intangible Assets: Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated 
useful lives, ranging from ten to 12 years.

Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets: We review our long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets for impairment 
whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If based on that review, 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable, we evaluate recoverability by 
comparing the undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset to the asset's carrying amount. We also evaluate the remaining 
useful lives of intangible assets to determine if events or trends warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. An 
impairment loss would be recognized if the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or intangible asset is not recoverable and the 
carrying amount exceeds its fair value. For long-lived assets classified as held and used, the carrying amount is not recoverable 
when  the  carrying  value  of  the  long-lived  asset  exceeds  the  sum  of  the  future  net  cash  flows.  We  do  not  separately  identify 
assets  by  operating  segment  because  tractors  and  trailers  are  routinely  transferred  from  one  operating  fleet  to  another.  As  a 
result, none of our long-lived assets have identifiable cash flows from use that are largely independent of the cash flows of other 
assets and liabilities. Thus, the asset group used to assess impairment would include all of our assets. No impairment charges 
were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.

Insurance  and  Claims  Accruals:  Insurance  and  claims  accruals  (both  current  and  non-current)  reflect  the  estimated  cost 
(including  estimated  loss  development,  incurred-but-not-reported  losses  and  loss  adjustment  expenses)  for  (i)  cargo  loss  and 
damage,  (ii)  bodily  injury  and  property  damage,  (iii)  group  health  and  (iv)  workers’  compensation  claims  not  covered  by 
insurance. The costs for cargo, bodily injury and property damage insurance and claims are included in insurance and claims 
expense in the consolidated statements of income; the costs of group health and workers’ compensation claims are included in 
salaries,  wages  and  benefits  expense.  The  insurance  and  claims  accruals  are  recorded  at  the  estimated  ultimate  payment 
amounts. The accruals for bodily injury, property damage and workers’ compensation are based upon individual case estimates 
and  actuarial  estimates  of  loss  development  for  reported  losses  and  incurred-but-not-reported  losses  using  loss  development 
factors  based  upon  past  experience.  In  order  to  determine  the  loss  development  factors,  we  make  judgments  relating  to  the 
comparability  of  historical  claims  to  current  claims.  These  judgments  consider  the  nature,  frequency,  severity,  and  age  of 
claims,  and  industry,  regulatory,  and  company-specific  trends  impacting  the  development  of  claims.  An  independent  actuary 
reviews our calculation of the undiscounted self-insurance reserves for bodily injury and property damage claims and workers’ 
compensation claims at year-end.

We renewed our liability insurance policies on August 1, 2022 and are responsible for the first $10.0 million per claim on all 
claims  with  an  annual  $10.0  million  aggregate  for  claims  between  $10.0  million  and  $20.0  million.  For  the  policy  year  that 
began  August  1,  2021,  we  were  responsible  for  the  first  $10.0  million  per  claim  on  all  claims  with  an  annual  $10.0  million 
aggregate  for  claims  between  $10.0  million  and  $15.0  million.  For  the  policy  year  that  began  on  August  1,  2020,  we  were 
responsible for the first $10.0 million per claim with no aggregates. Our self-insured retention (“SIR”) and deductible amount 
was $3.0 million, with an additional $5.0 million deductible per claim for each claim between $5.0 million and $10.0 million, 
for  policy  years  from  August  1,  2017  through  July  31,  2020,  and  we  were  also  responsible  for  annual  aggregate  amounts  of 
liability  for  claims  in  excess  of  the  SIR  and  deductible.  We  maintain  liability  insurance  coverage  with  insurance  carriers  in 

35

excess of the $10.0 million per claim. We are also responsible for administrative expenses for each occurrence involving bodily 
injury or property damage.

Our  SIR  for  workers’  compensation  claims  is  $2.0  million  per  claim,  with  premium-based  coverage  (issued  by  insurance 
companies) for claims exceeding this amount. Our SIR for workers’ compensation claims increased from $1.0 million to $2.0 
million per claim on April 1, 2020. We also maintain a $25.0 million bond for the State of Nebraska and a $14.5 million bond 
for our workers’ compensation insurance carrier. 

Under these insurance arrangements, we maintained $46.8 million in letters of credit as of December 31, 2022.

Revenue  Recognition:  The  consolidated  statements  of  income  reflect  recognition  of  operating  revenues  (including  fuel 
surcharge revenues) and related direct costs over time as control of the promised services is transferred to our customers, in an 
amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services. For shipments where a third-
party  capacity  provider  (including  independent  contractors  under  contract  with  us)  is  utilized  to  provide  some  or  all  of  the 
service, we evaluate whether we are the principal (i.e., report revenues on a gross basis) or agent (i.e., report revenues on a net 
basis).

Foreign Currency Translation: Local currencies are generally considered the functional currencies outside the United States. 
Assets and liabilities are translated at year-end exchange rates for operations in local currency environments. Foreign revenues 
and expense items denominated in the functional currency are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the 
year. Foreign currency translation adjustments reflect the changes in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to the net assets 
of  the  foreign  operations.  Foreign  currency  translation  adjustments  are  recorded  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss 
within  stockholders’  equity  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  and  as  a  separate  component  of  comprehensive  income  in  the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Income  Taxes:  Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to 
temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax 
bases. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable 
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred income 
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

In accounting for uncertain tax positions, we recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely 
than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the 
position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit 
that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We recognize interest and penalties directly 
related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Common  Stock  and  Earnings  Per  Share:  Basic  earnings  per  share  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  by  the  weighted 
average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  the  period.  Diluted  earnings  per  share  is  computed  by  dividing  net 
income  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  plus  the  effect  of  dilutive  potential  common  shares 
outstanding  during  the  period  using  the  treasury  stock  method.  Dilutive  potential  common  shares  include  outstanding  stock 
options  and  restricted  stock  awards.  There  are  no  differences  in  the  numerators  of  our  computations  of  basic  and  diluted 
earnings  per  share  for  any  periods  presented.  The  computation  of  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  is  shown  below  (in 
thousands, except per share amounts).

Net income attributable to Werner

Weighted average common shares outstanding

Dilutive effect of stock-based awards

Shares used in computing diluted earnings per share

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

241,256  $ 

259,052  $ 

64,125 

454 

64,579 

67,434 

421 

67,855 

$ 

$ 

3.76  $ 

3.74  $ 

3.84  $ 

3.82  $ 

169,078 

69,018 

409 

69,427 

2.45 

2.44 

There were no options to purchase shares of common stock that were outstanding during the periods indicated above that were 
excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the option purchase price was greater than the average 
market  price  of  the  common  shares  during  the  period.  Performance  awards  are  excluded  from  the  calculation  of  dilutive 
potential common shares until the threshold performance conditions have been satisfied.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Compensation: We have an equity compensation plan that provides for grants of non-qualified stock options, restricted 
stock  and  units  (“restricted  awards”),  performance  awards  and  stock  appreciation  rights  to  our  associates  and  directors.  We 
apply the fair value method of accounting for equity compensation awards. Issuances of stock upon an exercise of stock options 
or vesting of restricted stock are made from treasury stock; shares reacquired to satisfy tax withholding obligations upon vesting 
of  restricted  stock  are  recorded  as  treasury  stock.  Grants  of  stock  options,  restricted  stock,  and  performance  awards  vest  in 
increments, and we recognize compensation expense over the requisite service period of each award. We accrue compensation 
expense for performance awards for the estimated number of shares expected to be issued using the most current information 
available at the date of the financial statements. If the performance objectives are not met, no compensation expense will be 
recognized, and any previously recognized compensation expense will be reversed. We account for forfeitures in the period in 
which they occur. 

Comprehensive  Income:  Comprehensive  income  consists  of  net  income  and  other  comprehensive  income  (loss).  Other 
comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are not included in net income, but rather are 
recorded  directly  in  stockholders’  equity.  For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021,  and  2020,  comprehensive  income 
consists of net income, foreign currency translation adjustments and change in fair value of interest rate swaps. The components 
of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  reported  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  as  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021, 
consisted of foreign currency translation adjustment losses of $16.2 million and $18.6 million, respectively, and gains of $4.9 
million and losses of $2.0 million related to changes in fair value of interest rate swaps, net of tax, respectively. 

New  Accounting  Pronouncements  Adopted:  In  first  quarter  2022,  we  adopted  Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  No. 
2020-04,  Reference  Rate  Reform  (Topic  848),  which  provides  optional  guidance  for  a  limited  period  of  time  to  ease  the 
potential  burden  in  accounting  for  reference  rate  reform  on  financial  reporting.  The  provisions  of  this  update  apply  only  to 
contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another 
reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The adoption of the new guidance did not have a 
material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

(2) BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS 

2022 Business Acquisitions

ReedTMS Acquisition

On November 5, 2022, we acquired 100% of the equity interests in Reed Transport Services, Inc. and RTS-TMS, Inc., doing 
business  as  ReedTMS  Logistics  (“ReedTMS”),  for  a  total  purchase  price  of  $109.2  million  after  including  the  impacts  of 
working capital adjustments, cash acquired, net present value of future insurance payments, and contingent consideration. The 
contingent  consideration  arrangement,  also  referred  to  as  earnout,  requires  us  to  pay  the  former  owners  of  ReedTMS  an 
additional amount in cash if ReedTMS achieves certain performance financial goals over a one-year period beginning January 
1, 2023. The potential undiscounted future contingent earnout payment that we could be required to make is between $0 and 
$7.5 million. On a pro forma basis (unaudited), operating revenues for ReedTMS for the year ended December 31, 2022 was 
$368.5 million and operating revenues for ReedTMS for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $339.8 million. We financed 
the  transaction  through  existing  credit  facilities.  ReedTMS,  based  in  Tampa,  Florida,  is  an  asset-light  logistics  provider  and 
dedicated truckload carrier that offers a comprehensive suite of freight brokerage and truckload solutions to a diverse customer 
base.  The  acquisition  further  strengthens  our  freight  brokerage  capabilities  and  elevates  our  logistics  portfolio  with  new 
customers. 

The  results  of  operations  for  ReedTMS  are  included  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements  beginning  November  5,  2022. 
Freight  brokerage  and  truckload  revenues  generated  by  ReedTMS  are  reported  in  our  Werner  Logistics  segment  and  in 
Dedicated within our Truckload Transportation Services (“TTS”) segment, respectively. We incurred transaction costs related 
to the acquisition, such as legal and professional fees, of $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, which is included 
in other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income.

Baylor Acquisition

On  October  1,  2022,  we  acquired  100%  of  the  equity  interests  in  FAB9,  Inc.,  doing  business  as  Baylor  Trucking,  Inc. 
(“Baylor”),  for  a  final  total  purchase  price  of  $89.0  million  after  including  the  impacts  of  working  capital  adjustments,  cash 
acquired,  and  contingent  consideration.  The  contingent  consideration  arrangement  requires  us  to  pay  the  former  owner  of 
Baylor an additional amount in cash if Baylor achieves certain performance financial goals over a three-year period beginning 
on  November  1,  2022.  The  potential  undiscounted  future  contingent  earnout  payment  that  we  could  be  required  to  make  is 
between $0 and $15.0 million. We financed the transaction through existing credit facilities. Baylor, based in Milan, Indiana, 
operates 200 trucks and 980 trailers in the east central and south central United States. The acquisition expands our terminal, 
fleet, and professional driver presence in these geographic truckload markets and adds two terminals to our network. 

37

The results of operations for Baylor are included in our consolidated financial statements beginning October 1, 2022. Revenues 
generated by Baylor are reported in One-Way Truckload within our TTS segment. We incurred transaction costs related to the 
acquisition, such as legal and professional fees, of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, which is included in 
other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income. 

Purchase Price Allocations 

We  accounted  for  the  ReedTMS  and  Baylor  purchases  using  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting  under  U.S.  generally 
accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The purchase price of each acquisition has been allocated to the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed using market data and valuation techniques. The estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed are considered provisional for ReedTMS and Baylor, pending the completion of acquired tangible assets valuations, 
independent valuations of certain acquired intangible assets, and calculations of deferred taxes based upon the underlying tax 
basis  of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed.  The  determination  of  estimated  fair  values  requires  management  to  make 
significant estimates and assumptions. We believe that the information available provides a reasonable basis for estimating the 
values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the ReedTMS and Baylor acquisitions; however, these provisional estimates 
may  be  adjusted  upon  the  availability  of  new  information  regarding  facts  and  circumstances  which  existed  at  the  acquisition 
dates,  and  such  adjustments  may  impact  future  earnings.  We  expect  to  finalize  the  valuation  of  assets  and  liabilities  for 
ReedTMS and Baylor as soon as practicable, but not later than one year from the respective acquisition dates. Any adjustments 
to the initial estimates of the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed in the ReedTMS and Baylor acquisitions 
will be recorded as adjustments to the respective assets and liabilities, with the residual amounts allocated to goodwill.

The provisional purchase price allocations for ReedTMS and Baylor as of December 31, 2022 are summarized as follows (in 
thousands):

Purchase Price

Cash consideration paid 

Cash and cash equivalents acquired

Contingent consideration arrangement

Working capital surplus (deficiency)

Total purchase price (fair value of consideration)

Purchase Price Allocation
Current assets

Property and equipment

Intangible assets

Other non-current assets

Total assets acquired

Current liabilities
Other long-term liabilities

Total liabilities assumed

Goodwill

ReedTMS

Baylor

$ 

116,989  (1) $ 
(12,120) 

5,000  (3)
(689) 

109,180 

90,150  (2)
(10,150) 

8,400  (3)
643 

89,043 

52,531 

35,000 

12,000 

7,927 

107,458 

(45,497) 
(5,622) 

(51,119) 

$ 

52,841 

$ 

11,371 

54,639 

20,300 

556 

86,866 

(2,993) 
(302) 

(3,295) 

5,472 

(1) Includes $0.9 million related to the net present value of future insurance payments. At closing, $11.5 million of the cash consideration was 
placed in escrow to secure certain indemnification obligations of the sellers and to cover post-closing adjustments. 
(2) At closing, $8.5 million of the cash consideration was placed in escrow to secure certain indemnification obligations of the sellers and to 
cover post-closing adjustments. 
(3) The estimated fair value of the ReedTMS and Baylor contingent consideration arrangements was based upon probability-adjusted inputs for 
each acquired entity and are recorded in other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill associated with the ReedTMS and Baylor business acquisitions was primarily attributable to acquiring and retaining 
each of the companies’ existing networks and the anticipated synergies from combining the operations of the Company and the 
acquired companies. The goodwill associated with the acquisitions above is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. 

We have allocated a total of $32.3 million of the purchase prices above to finite-lived intangible assets, consisting of customer 
relationships  and  trade  names.  The  estimated  fair  values  of  the  intangible  assets  were  determined,  with  the  assistance  of  an 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
independent third-party valuation firm, using the multi-period excess earnings method for customer relationships and the relief-
from-royalty  method  for  trade  names.  All  methods  are  forms  of  the  income  approach,  which  require  a  forecast  of  all  the 
expected future cash flows.

The  following  table  summarizes  the  major  classes  of  intangible  assets  and  the  respective  weighted-average  estimated 
amortization periods:

Customer relationships

Trade names

Total intangible assets

2021 Business Acquisitions

NEHDS Acquisition

Estimated Fair Value
(in thousands)

Weighted-Average Estimated 
Amortization Period
(Years)

$ 

$ 

24,700 

7,600 

32,300 

10

12

On November 22, 2021, we acquired 100% of the equity interests in NEHDS Logistics, LLC (“NEHDS”). In first quarter 2022, 
post-closing net working capital changes of $0.7 million decreased the purchase price, resulting in a final total purchase price of 
$62.3  million  after  including  the  impacts  of  contingent  consideration  and  net  working  capital  changes.  We  financed  the 
transaction  through  a  combination  of  cash  on  hand  and  existing  credit  facilities.  NEHDS  is  a  final  mile  residential  delivery 
provider serving customers primarily in the Northeast and Midwest United States markets. NEHDS delivers primarily big and 
bulky  products  (primarily  furniture  and  appliances)  using  2-person  delivery  teams  performing  residential  and  commercial 
deliveries. 

The  results  of  operations  for  NEHDS  are  included  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements  beginning  November  22,  2021. 
Revenues generated by NEHDS are reported in Final Mile within our Werner Logistics (“Logistics”) segment. The contingent 
earnout  liability  was  $0  and  $2.5  million  as  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  The  contingent  earnout  period 
related  to  the  NEHDS  acquisition  ended  on  December,  31,  2022  and  did  not  result  in  any  additional  cash  payments,  as  the 
financial performance goals were not achieved. This favorable change to the contingent earnout liability was recorded in other 
operating expense on the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2022. We incurred transaction 
costs  related  to  the  acquisition,  such  as  legal  and  professional  fees,  of  $0.6  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021, 
which is included in other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income.

ECM Acquisition

On July 1, 2021, we acquired an 80% ownership interest in ECM Associated, LLC ("ECM”) for a final total purchase price of 
$141.3  million  after  net  working  capital  changes  and  net  of  cash  acquired.  We  have  an  exclusive  option  to  purchase  the 
remaining  20%  ownership  interest  in  ECM  upon  the  occurrence  of  certain  events  or  after  a  period  of  five  years  following 
transaction close, based on a fixed multiple of ECM’s average annual adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and 
amortization. The noncontrolling interest holder also has an option to put the remaining 20% ownership interest to us on the 
same terms. We record the 20% remaining interest in temporary equity – redeemable noncontrolling interest in the consolidated 
balance sheets. 

ECM  provides  regional  truckload  carrier  services  in  the  Mid-Atlantic,  Ohio,  and  Northeast  regions  of  the  United  States.  We 
financed  the  cash  transaction  through  a  combination  of  cash  on  hand,  existing  credit  facilities,  and  the  addition  of  a  $100.0 
million  unsecured  fixed-rate  term  loan  commitment  with  BMO  Harris  Bank  N.A.  on  June  30,  2021.  For  more  information 
regarding our debt, see Note 8 – Debt and Credit Facilities.

The  results  of  operations  for  ECM  are  included  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements  beginning  July  1,  2021.  Revenues 
generated by ECM are reported in our TTS segment. We incurred transaction costs related to the ECM acquisition, such as legal 
and professional fees, of $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, which is included in other operating expenses on 
the consolidated statements of income.

(3) REVENUE

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized over time as control of the promised services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects 
the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services.

39

 
The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by revenue source (in thousands):

Truckload Transportation Services
Werner Logistics
Inter-segment eliminations
   Transportation services
Other revenues
Total revenues

Years Ended December 31,

2022
2,428,686  $ 
793,492 

2021
2,045,073  $ 
622,461 

(5,218)   

(899)   

3,216,960 
73,018 
3,289,978  $ 

2,666,635 
67,737 
2,734,372  $ 

$ 

$ 

2020
1,843,209 
469,791 
(107) 
2,312,893 
59,285 
2,372,178 

The  following  table  presents  our  revenues  disaggregated  by  geographic  areas  in  which  we  conduct  business  (in  thousands). 
Operating revenues for foreign countries include revenues for (i) shipments with an origin or destination in that country and (ii) 
other services provided in that country. If both the origin and destination are in a foreign country, the revenues are attributed to 
the country of origin. 

United States
Mexico
Other
Total revenues

Transportation Services

Years Ended December 31,

2022
3,051,788  $ 
191,126 
47,064 
3,289,978  $ 

2021
2,532,720  $ 
156,405 
45,247 
2,734,372  $ 

2020
2,144,105 
149,438 
78,635 
2,372,178 

$ 

$ 

We generate nearly all of our revenues by transporting truckload freight shipments for our customers. Transportation services 
are  carried  out  by  our  TTS  segment  and  our  Logistics  segment.  The  TTS  segment  utilizes  company-owned  and  independent 
contractor trucks to deliver shipments, while the Logistics segment uses third-party capacity providers.

We generate revenues from billings for transportation services under contracts with customers, generally on a rate per mile or 
per shipment, based on origin and destination of the shipment. Our performance obligation arises when we receive a shipment 
order to transport a customer’s freight and is satisfied upon delivery of the shipment. The transaction price may be defined in a 
transportation  services  agreement  or  negotiated  with  the  customer  prior  to  accepting  the  shipment  order.  A  customer  may 
submit  several  shipment  orders  for  transportation  services  at  various  times  throughout  a  service  agreement  term,  but  each 
shipment  represents  a  distinct  service  that  is  a  separately  identified  performance  obligation.  We  often  provide  additional  or 
ancillary  services  as  part  of  the  shipment  (such  as  loading/unloading  and  stops  in  transit)  which  are  not  distinct  or  are  not 
material  in  the  context  of  the  contract;  therefore,  the  revenues  for  these  services  are  recognized  with  the  freight  transaction 
price. The average transit time to complete a shipment is approximately 3 days. Invoices for transportation services are typically 
generated soon after shipment delivery and, while payment terms and conditions vary by customer, are generally due within 30 
days after the invoice date.

The consolidated statements of income reflect recognition of transportation revenues (including fuel surcharge revenues) and 
related direct costs over time as the shipment is being delivered. We use distance shipped (for the TTS segment) and transit 
time  (for  the  Logistics  segment)  to  measure  progress  and  the  amount  of  revenues  recognized  over  time,  as  the  customer 
simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit. Determining a measure of progress requires us to make judgments that affect 
the timing of revenues recognized. We have determined that the methods described provide a faithful depiction of the transfer 
of services to the customer. 

For  shipments  where  a  third-party  capacity  provider  (including  independent  contractors  under  contract  with  us)  is  utilized  to 
provide some or all of the service, we evaluate whether we are the principal (i.e., report revenues on a gross basis) or agent (i.e., 
report revenues on a net basis). Generally, we report such revenues on a gross basis, that is, we recognize both revenues for the 
service we bill to the customer and rent and purchased transportation expense for transportation costs we pay to the third-party 
provider.  Where  we  are  the  principal,  we  control  the  transportation  service  before  it  is  provided  to  our  customers,  which  is 
supported  by  us  being  primarily  responsible  for  fulfilling  the  shipment  obligation  to  the  customer  and  having  a  level  of 
discretion in establishing pricing with the customer.

Other Revenues

Other revenues include revenues from our driver training schools, transportation-related activities such as third-party equipment 
maintenance  and  equipment  leasing,  and  other  business  activities.  These  revenues  are  generally  recognized  over  time  and 

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
accounted for 2% of our total revenues in 2022, 2021 and 2020. Revenues from our driver training schools require us to make 
judgments regarding price concessions in determining the amount of revenues to recognize.

Contract Balances and Accounts Receivable

A receivable is an unconditional right to consideration and is recognized when shipments have been completed and the related 
performance obligation has been fully satisfied. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the accounts receivable, trade, net, balance 
was $518.8 million and $460.5 million, respectively. Contract assets represent a conditional right to consideration in exchange 
for goods or services and are transferred to receivables when the rights become unconditional. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
the balance of contract assets was $8.9 million and $9.0 million, respectively. We have recognized contract assets within the 
other current assets financial statement caption on the consolidated balance sheets. These contract assets are considered current 
assets as they will be settled in less than 12 months.

Contract liabilities represent advance consideration received from customers and are recognized as revenues over time as the 
related performance obligation is satisfied. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the balance of contract liabilities was $0.9 million 
and  $1.2  million,  respectively.  The  amount  of  revenues  recognized  in  2022  that  was  included  in  the  December  31,  2021 
contract  liability  balance  was  $1.2  million.  We  have  recognized  contract  liabilities  within  the  accounts  payable  and  other 
current  liabilities  financial  statement  captions  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  These  contract  liabilities  are  considered 
current liabilities as they will be settled in less than 12 months.

Performance Obligations

We  have  elected  to  apply  the  practical  expedient  in  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  Topic  606,  Revenue  From 
Contracts  With  Customers,  to  not  disclose  the  value  of  remaining  performance  obligations  for  contracts  with  an  original 
expected  length  of  one  year  or  less.  Remaining  performance  obligations  represent  the  transaction  price  allocated  to  future 
reporting periods for freight shipments started but not completed at the reporting date that we expect to recognize as revenue in 
the period subsequent to the reporting date; transit times generally average approximately 3 days.

During 2022, 2021, and 2020, revenues recognized from performance obligations related to prior periods (for example, due to 
changes in transaction price) were not material. 

(4) GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The  following  table  summarizes  changes  in  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill  by  segment  for  the  years  ended  December  31, 
2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

TTS

Werner Logistics

Total

Balance as of December 31, 2020

$ 

Goodwill recorded in acquisition of NEHDS

Goodwill recorded in acquisition of ECM
Purchase accounting adjustments (1)
Balance as of December 31, 2021

Goodwill recorded in acquisition of ReedTMS
Goodwill recorded in acquisition of Baylor
Purchase accounting adjustments (2)
Balance as of December 31, 2022

—  $ 

— 

44,710 

(6,626)   
38,084 

10,341 
5,472 

— 

$ 

53,897  $ 

—  $ 

36,534 

— 

— 
36,534 

42,500 
— 

(214)   

78,820  $ 

— 

36,534 

44,710 

(6,626) 
74,618 

52,841 
5,472 

(214) 

132,717 

(1)  The  purchase  accounting  adjustments  are  primarily  attributable  to  post-closing  adjustments  related  to  net  assets  assumed  in,  and  the 
redeemable noncontrolling interest associated with, the acquisition of ECM.
(2) The purchase accounting adjustments consist of post-closing adjustments related to net assets assumed in the acquisition of NEHDS.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquired intangible assets consists of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

Gross
Carrying
Amount

2022

Accumulated
Amortization

December 31,

Net
Carrying
Amount

Gross
Carrying
Amount

2021

Accumulated
Amortization

Customer relationships

Trade names

Total intangible assets

$ 

$ 

64,900  $ 

(5,714)  $ 

59,186  $ 

40,200  $ 

(1,177)  $ 

24,600 

(2,284)   

22,316 

17,000 

(708)   

89,500  $ 

(7,998)  $ 

81,502  $ 

57,200  $ 

(1,885)  $ 

Net
Carrying
Amount

39,023 

16,292 

55,315 

Amortization expense on intangible assets was $6.1 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
respectively,  and  is  reported  in  depreciation  and  amortization  on  the  consolidated  statements  of  income.  No  amortization 
expense on intangible assets was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

As of December 31, 2022, the estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets by year is as follows (in thousands):

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter (to 2034)

Total

(5) LEASES

Estimated
Amortization
Expense

8,540 

8,540 

8,540 

8,540 

8,540 

38,802 

81,502 

$ 

$ 

We have entered into operating leases primarily for real estate. The leases have terms which range from 1 year to 18 years, and 
some include options to renew. Renewal terms are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise 
the option to renew. 

Operating  leases  are  included  in  other  non-current  assets,  other  current  liabilities  and  other  long-term  liabilities  on  the 
consolidated  balance  sheets.  These  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  based  on  the  present  value  of  future  minimum  lease 
payments over the lease term at commencement date, using our incremental borrowing rate because the rate implicit in each 
lease  is  not  readily  determinable.  We  have  certain  contracts  for  real  estate  that  may  contain  lease  and  non-lease  components 
which we have elected to treat as a single lease component. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line 
basis  over  the  lease  term.  Variable  lease  expense  is  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  obligation  for  those  payments  is 
incurred. Lease expense is reported in rent and purchased transportation on the consolidated statements of income.

The following table presents balance sheet and other operating lease information (dollars in thousands):

Balance Sheet Classification
Right-of-use assets (recorded in other non-current assets)

Current lease liabilities (recorded in other current liabilities)
Long-term lease liabilities (recorded in other long-term liabilities)
Total operating lease liabilities

Other Information
Weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases
Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

40,963 

9,396 
32,897 
42,293 

$ 

$ 

$ 

28,458 

6,380 
22,634 
29,014 

6.43 years
 3.3 %

7.63 years
 2.7 %

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the maturities of operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Maturity of Lease Liabilities
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter
Total undiscounted operating lease payments
Less: Imputed interest
Present value of operating lease liabilities

Cash Flows

$ 

$ 

$ 

10,595 
9,502 
7,441 
5,700 
3,887 
9,429 
46,554 
(4,261) 
42,293 

During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021,  and  2020,  right-of-use  assets  of  $14.7  million,  $8.2  million,  and  $2.8 
million,  respectively,  were  recognized  as  non-cash  asset  additions  that  resulted  from  new  operating  lease  liabilities,  and  we 
acquired right-of-use assets of $8.3 million and $15.6 million as a result of our business acquisitions during the years ended 
December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Cash paid for amounts included in the present value of operating lease liabilities 
was $8.5 million, $4.6 million, and $3.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, and 
are included in operating cash flows.

Operating Lease Expense

Operating lease expense was $22.1 million, $15.7 million, and $10.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, 
and 2020, respectively. This expense included $9.4 million, $4.8 million, and $3.8 million for long-term operating leases for the 
years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, with the remainder for variable and short-term lease expense.

Lessor Operating Leases

We are the lessor of tractors and trailers under operating leases with initial terms of 2 to 10 years. We recognize revenue for 
such leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Revenues for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 
were  $10.7  million,  $11.7  million,  and  $12.6  million,  respectively.  The  following  table  presents  information  about  the 
maturities of these operating leases as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total

$ 

7,244 

575 

287 

295 
74 
— 

$ 

8,475 

(6) FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurement — Definition and Hierarchy

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement, defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a 
liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

ASC 820-10 establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and 
minimizes  the  use  of  unobservable  inputs  by  requiring  that  the  most  observable  inputs  be  used  when  available.  Observable 
inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, developed based on market data 
obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect our own assumptions about the assumptions 
market  participants  would  use  in  pricing  the  asset  or  liability,  developed  based  on  the  best  information  available  in  the 
circumstances.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  fair  value  hierarchy  prioritizes  the  inputs  to  valuation  techniques  used  to  measure  fair  value  into  three  broad  levels,  as 
follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. 

Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or 
indirectly.  Such  inputs  include  quoted  prices  in  markets  that  are  not  active,  quoted  prices  for  similar  assets  and  liabilities  in 
active  and  inactive  markets,  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  that  are  observable  for  the  asset  or  liability  and  inputs  that  are 
derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. 

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, where there is little, if any, observable market activity or data for 

the asset or liability.

In general, and where applicable, we use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities to determine fair value. 
This pricing methodology applies to our Level 1 assets and liabilities. If quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and 
liabilities are not available to determine fair value, then we use quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities or inputs other 
than the quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. This pricing methodology would apply to Level 2 assets 
and liabilities.

The following table presents the Company's fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring 
basis (in thousands):

Assets:

Other non-current assets:
Equity securities (1)

Liabilities:

Other long-term liabilities:

Contingent consideration associated with acquisitions

Level in Fair

Fair Value

December 31,

Value Hierarchy

2022

2021

1

3

$ 

723  $ 

17,166 

13,400 

2,500 

(1)  Represents  our  investments  in  autonomous  technology  companies.  For  additional  information  regarding  the  valuation  of  these  equity 
securities, see Note 7 – Investments.

The following table presents changes in the fair value of contingent consideration for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 
2021 (in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2020
Contingent consideration associated with the acquisition of NEHDS (1)
Balance as of December 31, 2021
Contingent consideration associated with the acquisition of Baylor (1)
Contingent consideration associated with the acquisition of ReedTMS (1)
Change in fair value (2)
Balance as of December 31, 2022

$ 

$ 

— 

2,500 

2,500 

8,400 

5,000 

(2,500) 

13,400 

(1) The estimated fair value of our contingent consideration arrangements were based upon probability-adjusted inputs for each acquired entity. 
For additional information regarding our contingent consideration arrangements, see Note 2 – Business Acquisitions.
(2) The contingent earnout period related to the NEHDS acquisition ended on December, 31, 2022 and did not result in any additional cash 
payments,  as  the  financial  performance  goals  were  not  achieved.  The  change  in  the  contingent  earnout  liability  was  recorded  in  other 
operating expense on the consolidated statements of income.

Our ownership interests in Mastery Logistics Systems, Inc. (“MLSI”) and Fleet Defender, Inc. do not have readily determinable 
fair values and are accounted for using the measurement alternative in ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities. For additional 
information regarding the valuation of these investments, see Note 7 – Investments. 

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value

Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable trade, and accounts payable are short-term in nature and accordingly are carried 
at amounts that approximate fair value. These financial instruments are recorded at or near their respective transaction prices 
and  historically  have  been  settled  or  converted  to  cash  at  approximately  that  value  (categorized  as  Level  2  of  the  fair  value 
hierarchy).

The carrying amount of our fixed-rate debt not measured at fair value on a recurring basis was $93.8 million and $97.5 million 
as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The estimated fair value of our fixed-rate debt using the income approach, 
based  on  its  net  present  value,  discounted  at  our  current  borrowing  rate,  was  $87.2  million  as  of  December  31,  2022 
(categorized as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy) and approximated the carrying value as of December 31, 2021. The carrying 
amount  of  our  variable-rate  long-term  debt  approximates  fair  value  due  to  the  duration  of  our  credit  arrangement  and  the 
variable interest rate (categorized as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(7) INVESTMENTS

Equity Investments without Readily Determinable Fair Values

Our strategic equity investments without readily determinable fair values include MLSI, a transportation management systems 
company,  and  Fleet  Defender,  Inc.,  a  platform  cybersecurity  company  for  fleet  owners.  MLSI  is  developing  a  cloud-based 
transportation  management  system  using  MLSI's  SaaS  technology  which  we  have  agreed  to  license.  These  investments  are 
being  accounted  for  under  ASC  321  using  the  measurement  alternative,  and  are  recorded  in  other  noncurrent  assets  on  the 
consolidated  balance  sheets.  We  record  changes  in  the  values  of  these  investments  based  on  events  that  occur  that  would 
indicate the values have changed, in gain or loss on investments in equity securities on the consolidated statements of income. 
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the value of our investment in MLSI was $86.8 million and $38.2 million, respectively, 
and the value of our investment in Fleet Defender, Inc. was $250 thousand as of December 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes the activity related to our equity investments without readily determinable fair values during 
the periods presented. 

Investment in equity securities
Upward adjustments (1)

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

20,250  $ 

5,000  $ 

28,638 

28,151 

5,000 

— 

(1) During 2022 and 2021, investments by third-parties resulted in the remeasurements of our investment in MLSI. Our updated investment 
values were based upon the prices paid by third parties.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  cumulative  upward  adjustments  on  our  equity  securities  without  readily  determinable  fair  values 
totaled $56.8 million.

Equity Investments with Readily Determinable Fair Values

We own strategic minority equity investments in autonomous technology companies, which are being accounted for under ASC 
321 and are recorded in other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in the value of these 
investments,  based  on  the  share  prices  reported  by  Nasdaq,  in  gain  or  loss  on  investments  in  equity  securities  on  the 
consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the value of these investments were $0.7 million and 
$17.2 million, respectively. We recognized a net unrealized loss of $16.4 million and a net unrealized gain of $12.1 million on 
these investments for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For additional information regarding the fair 
value of these equity investments, see Note 6 – Fair Value.

(8) DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES

On  December  20,  2022,  we  entered  into  a  $1.075  billion  unsecured  credit  facility  with  a  group  of  lenders  (the  “2022  Credit 
Agreement”),  replacing  our  previous  unsecured  credit  facility  with  BMO  Harris  Bank  N.A.  (“BMO  Harris”),  dated  May  14, 
2019, as amended (the “BMO Line of Credit”), and the credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells 
Fargo”),  dated  March  25,  2022  (the  “Wells  Credit  Agreement”).  The  BMO  Line  of  Credit  and  Wells  Credit  Agreement  are 
described below. The 2022 Credit Agreement is scheduled to mature on December 20, 2027 and has a $100.0 million maximum 
limit for the aggregate amount of letters of credit issued. The proceeds of the 2022 Credit Agreement may be used for working 
capital and other general corporate purposes, including the financing of acquisitions and other investments permitted under the 
agreement.

Revolving credit loans drawn under the 2022 Credit Agreement bear interest, at our option, at (i) the Base Rate (the highest of 
(a)  the  Prime  Rate,  (b)  the  Federal  Funds  Rate  plus  0.50%,  or  (c)  the  one-month  Term  SOFR  plus  1.10%),  plus  a  margin 

45

 
 
 
ranging  between  0.125%  and  0.750%,  or  (ii)  Term  SOFR  plus  0.10%  and  a  margin  ranging  between  1.125%  and  1.750%. 
Swingline loans drawn under the 2022 Credit Agreement bear interest at the Base Rate, as defined above, plus a margin ranging 
between 0.125% and 0.750%. The 2022 Credit Agreement also requires us to pay quarterly (i) a letter of credit commission on 
the daily amount available to be drawn under such standby letters of credit at rates ranging between 1.125% and 1.750% per 
annum  and  (ii)  a  nonrefundable  commitment  fee  on  the  average  daily  unused  amount  of  the  commitment  at  rates  ranging 
between 0.125% and 0.250% per annum. The margin, letter of credit commission, and commitment fee rates are based on our 
ratio  of  net  funded  debt  to  earnings  before  interest,  income  taxes,  depreciation  and  amortization  (“EBITDA”).  There  are  no 
scheduled principal payments due on the 2022 Credit Agreement until the maturity date, and interest is payable in arrears at 
periodic intervals not to exceed three months.

On March 25, 2022, we entered into the Wells Credit Agreement and a second amendment to the BMO Line of Credit. The 
Wells Credit Agreement replaced our previous credit agreement with Wells Fargo dated May 14, 2019, as amended. The Wells 
Credit  Agreement  provided  for  a  $300.0  million  unsecured  revolving  line  of  credit  ("Wells  Line  of  Credit"),  with  a  $75.0 
million maximum limit for the aggregate amount of letters of credit issued, and was scheduled to expire on May 14, 2024. The 
Wells  Credit  Agreement  also  provided  for  an  unsecured  term  loan  commitment  not  to  exceed  a  principal  amount  of  $100.0 
million ("Wells Term Loan"). The Wells Term Loan was fully funded on March 25, 2022 and there were no principal payments 
required prior to its scheduled maturity on May 14, 2024. Amounts drawn under the Wells Line of Credit and the outstanding 
principal balance of the Wells Term Loan bore interest either, at our option, at a variable or fixed interest rate based on SOFR 
plus  a  SOFR  rate  adjustment  and  a  margin  rate  based  on  our  ratio  of  total  funded  debt  to  EBITDA,  payable  monthly.  The 
second  amendment  to  the  BMO  Line  of  Credit  increased  the  borrowing  capacity  from  $200.0  million  to  $300.0  million  and 
changed the variable interest rate calculation by replacing the LIBOR with the SOFR. Amounts drawn under the BMO Line of 
Credit  bore  interest,  for  a  selected  interest  period,  at  a  variable  rate  based  on  the  SOFR  plus  a  SOFR  rate  adjustment  and  a 
margin  rate  based  on  our  ratio  of  total  funded  debt  to  EBITDA,  payable  at  the  end  of  the  applicable  interest  period.  On 
December  20,  2022,  we  paid  off  and  terminated  the  Wells  Line  of  Credit  and  Wells  Term  Loan  under  the  Wells  Credit 
Agreement and the BMO Line of Credit using the proceeds from the 2022 Credit Agreement discussed above.

On  June  30,  2021,  we  entered  into  a  $100.0  million  unsecured  fixed-rate  term  loan  commitment  with  BMO  Harris,  with 
quarterly  principal  payments  of  $1.25  million,  which  began  on  September  30,  2021,  and  a  final  payment  of  principal  and 
interest  due  and  payable  on  May  14,  2024  ("BMO  Term  Loan").  The  outstanding  principal  balance  of  the  BMO  Term  Loan 
bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.28%, payable quarterly in arrears.

As  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  our  outstanding  debt  totaled  $693.8  million  and  $427.5  million,  respectively.  As  of 
December 31, 2022, we had an outstanding revolving credit loan balance of $600.0 million under the 2022 Credit Agreement, 
including (i) $450.0 million at a variable interest rate of 5.67% and (ii) $150.0 million which is effectively fixed at 2.78% with 
two  interest  rate  swap  agreements  through  May  14,  2024.  In  addition,  as  of  December  31,  2022,  we  had  $93.8  million 
outstanding under the BMO Term Loan at a fixed interest rate of 1.28%. The $1.075 billion of borrowing capacity under our 
2022 Credit Agreement at December 31, 2022, is further reduced by $58.8 million in stand-by letters of credit under which we 
are obligated. Availability of such funds under the current debt agreements is conditional upon various customary terms and 
covenants. Such covenants include, among other things, two financial covenants requiring us (i) not to exceed a maximum ratio 
of net funded debt to EBITDA and (ii) to exceed a minimum ratio of EBITDA to interest expense. As of December 31, 2022 we 
were in compliance with these covenants.

At December 31, 2022, the aggregate future maturities of long-term debt by year are as follows (in thousands):

2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Total

$ 

$ 

6,250 
87,500 
— 
— 
600,000 
693,750 

46

 
 
 
 
(9) NOTES RECEIVABLE

We provide financing to some individuals who want to become independent contractors by purchasing a tractor from us and 
leasing their services to us. We maintain a primary security interest in the tractor until the independent contractor pays the note 
balance in full. Independent contractor notes receivable are included in other current assets and other non-current assets in the 
consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, notes receivable consisted of the following (in thousands):

Independent contractor notes receivable

Other notes receivable

Notes receivable

Less current portion

Notes receivable – non-current

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

8,287  $ 

7,921 

16,208 

2,691 

13,517  $ 

7,358 

10,665 

18,023 

3,386 

14,637 

We  also  provide  financing  to  some  individuals  who  attended  our  driver  training  schools.  The  student  notes  receivable  are 
included in other receivables and other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, student notes 
receivable consisted of the following (in thousands):

Student notes receivable

Allowance for doubtful student notes receivable

Total student notes receivable, net of allowance

Less current portion, net of allowance

Student notes receivable – non-current

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

63,351  $ 

(23,491)   

39,860 

12,574 

27,286  $ 

62,791 

(22,911) 

39,880 

13,416 

26,464 

Subsequent Event - MLSI Subordinated Promissory Note

On January 24, 2023, we purchased a $25.0 million subordinated promissory note from MLSI with a maturity date of January 
24,  2030.  The  proceeds  of  the  promissory  note  may  be  used  by  MLSI  for  working  capital  and  general  business  purposes, 
including a limited amount for possible repayment of certain advances. There are no scheduled principal payments due on the 
promissory  note  until  the  maturity  date,  and  interest  accrues  at  7.5%  compounded  annually,  with  the  first  accrued  interest 
payment due on January 24, 2028, and at the end of each calendar year thereafter. 

(10) INCOME TAXES

Income tax expense consisted of the following (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

Current:

Federal

State

Foreign

Deferred:

Federal

State

$ 

23,741  $ 

42,049  $ 

12,423 

489 

36,653 

38,521 

4,032 

42,553 

12,787 

213 

55,049 

27,593 

1,895 

29,488 

Total income tax expense

$ 

79,206  $ 

84,537  $ 

53,297 

12,106 

446 

65,849 

(8,988) 

(1,245) 

(10,233) 

55,616 

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  effective  income  tax  rate  differs  from  the  federal  corporate  tax  rate  of  21%  in  2022,  2021,  and  2020  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

Tax at statutory rate

State income taxes, net of federal tax benefits

Other, net

Total income tax expense

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

68,205  $ 

72,663  $ 

12,999 

(1,998)   

79,206  $ 

11,599 

275 

84,537  $ 

47,186 

8,580 

(150) 

55,616 

At December 31, deferred income tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

Deferred income tax assets:

Insurance and claims accruals

Compensation-related accruals

Allowance for uncollectible accounts

Operating lease liabilities

Other

Gross deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities:

Property and equipment

Investments in equity securities

Prepaid expenses

Operating lease right-of-use assets

Investment in partnership

Other

Gross deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liability

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

59,275  $ 

10,767 

3,218 

10,324 

981 

84,565 

344,896 

12,818 

7,526 

10,056 

19,745 

2,802 

397,843 

$ 

313,278  $ 

55,233 

12,203 

3,958 

7,033 

1,644 

80,071 

305,002 

10,985 

7,269 

6,955 

17,076 

1,283 

348,570 

268,499 

Deferred income tax assets are more likely than not to be realized as a result of the reversal of deferred income tax liabilities.

We recognized a $54 thousand and $49 thousand increase in the net liability for unrecognized tax benefits for the year ended 
December  31,  2022,  and  2021,  respectively.  We  recognized  net  interest  expense  of  $42  thousand,  $10  thousand,  and  $3 
thousand during 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. If recognized, $2.0 million and $1.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits 
as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, would impact our effective tax rate. Interest of $0.5 million and $0.4 million 
as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, has been reflected as a component of the total liability. We expect no other 
significant increases or decreases for uncertain tax positions during the next 12 months. The reconciliations of beginning and 
ending gross balances of unrecognized tax benefits for 2022 and 2021 are shown below (in thousands).

Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning balance

Gross increases – tax positions in prior period

Gross increases – current period tax positions

Settlements

Unrecognized tax benefits, ending balance

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

2,425  $ 

99 

320 

(349)   

2,495  $ 

2,363 

65 

320 

(323) 

2,425 

We file U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as income tax returns in various states and several foreign jurisdictions. The 
years 2019 and forward are open for examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), and various years are open for 
examination  by  state  and  foreign  tax  authorities.  State  and  foreign  jurisdictional  statutes  of  limitations  generally  range  from 
three to four years.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(11) EQUITY COMPENSATION AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Equity Compensation Plan

The Werner Enterprises, Inc. Amended and Restated Equity Plan (the “Equity Plan”), approved by the Company’s shareholders 
in  2013,  provides  for  grants  to  employees  and  non-employee  directors  of  the  Company  in  the  form  of  nonqualified  stock 
options,  restricted  stock  and  units  (“restricted  awards”),  performance  awards,  and  stock  appreciation  rights.  The  Board  of 
Directors or the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors determines the terms of each award, including the type, 
recipients, number of shares subject to and vesting conditions of each award. No awards of stock appreciation rights have been 
issued under the Equity Plan to date. The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be awarded under the Equity 
Plan  is  20,000,000  shares.  The  maximum  aggregate  number  of  shares  that  may  be  awarded  to  any  one  person  in  any  one 
calendar year under the Equity Plan is 500,000. As of December 31, 2022, there were 6,273,659 shares available for granting 
additional awards.

Equity compensation expense is included in salaries, wages and benefits within the consolidated statements of income. As of 
December  31,  2022,  the  total  unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  non-vested  equity  compensation  awards  was 
approximately $14.9 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years. The following table 
summarizes  the  equity  compensation  expense  and  related  income  tax  benefit  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statements  of 
income (in thousands):

Restricted awards:

Pre-tax compensation expense
Tax benefit
Restricted stock expense, net of tax

Performance awards:

Pre-tax compensation expense
Tax benefit
Performance award expense, net of tax

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

7,803  $ 
1,954 
5,849  $ 

4,690  $ 
1,174 
3,516  $ 

6,349  $ 
1,587 
4,762  $ 

4,452  $ 
1,113 
3,339  $ 

5,409 
1,379 
4,030 

3,503 
893 
2,610 

We do not have a formal policy for issuing shares upon vesting of restricted and performance awards. Such shares are generally 
issued from treasury stock. From time to time, we repurchase shares of our common stock, the timing and amount of which 
depends on market and other factors. Historically, the shares acquired from such repurchases have provided us with sufficient 
quantities  of  stock  to  issue  for  equity  compensation.  Based  on  current  treasury  stock  levels,  we  do  not  expect  to  repurchase 
additional shares specifically for equity compensation during 2023.

Stock Options

Stock options are granted at prices equal to the market value of the common stock on the date the option award is granted. No 
stock  option  awards  were  outstanding  as  of  December  31,  2022  or  2021,  and  there  were  no  stock  option  awards  granted  or 
exercised during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, or 2020. 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restricted Awards

Restricted stock entitles the holder to shares of common stock when the award vests. Restricted stock units entitle the holder to 
a combination of cash or stock equal to the value of common stock when the unit vests. The value of these shares may fluctuate 
according to market conditions and other factors. Restricted awards currently outstanding vest over periods ranging from 12 to 
60 months from the grant date of the award. The restricted awards do not confer any voting or dividend rights to recipients until 
such shares vest and do not have any post-vesting sales restrictions. The following table summarizes restricted award activity 
for the year ended December 31, 2022:

Nonvested at beginning of period

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Nonvested at end of period

Number of
Restricted
Awards (in
thousands)

Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value ($)

356  $ 
313 
(169)   
(8)   

492 

39.27 
42.27 
38.46 
41.86 
41.42 

We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  restricted  awards  based  upon  the  market  price  of  the  underlying  common  stock  on  the  date  of 
grant, reduced by the present value of estimated future dividends because the awards are not entitled to receive dividends prior 
to vesting. Our estimate of future dividends is based on the most recent quarterly dividend rate at the time of grant, adjusted for 
any  known  future  changes  in  the  dividend  rate.  Cash  settled  restricted  stock  units  are  recorded  as  a  liability  within  the 
consolidated balance sheets and are adjusted to fair value each reporting period.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of restricted awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 
2020 was $42.27, $42.69, and $38.73, respectively. The total fair value of previously granted restricted awards vested during 
the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021,  and  2020  was  $7.3  million,  $6.8  million,  and  $5.4  million,  respectively.  We 
withheld  shares  based  on  the  closing  stock  price  on  the  vesting  date  to  settle  the  employees’  statutory  obligation  for  the 
applicable income and other employment taxes. The shares withheld to satisfy the tax withholding obligations were recorded as 
treasury stock.

Performance Awards 

Performance  awards  entitle  the  recipient  to  shares  of  common  stock  upon  attainment  of  performance  objectives  as  pre-
established  by  the  Compensation  Committee.  If  the  performance  objectives  are  achieved,  performance  awards  currently 
outstanding vest, subject to continued employment, 36 months after the grant date of the award. The performance awards do not 
confer any voting or dividend rights to recipients until such shares vest and do not have any post-vesting sales restrictions. The 
following table summarizes performance award activity for the year ended December 31, 2022:

Nonvested at beginning of period

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at end of period

Number of
Performance Awards (in
thousands)

Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value ($)

229  $ 

128 

(68)   

— 

289 

34.77 

39.28 

32.88 

— 

37.21 

The  2022  performance  awards  are  earned  based  upon  the  level  of  attainment  by  the  Company  of  specified  performance 
objectives related to cumulative diluted earnings per share for the two-year period from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023. 
Shares earned based on cumulative diluted earnings per share may be capped based on the Company’s total shareholder return 
during the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, relative to the total shareholder return of a peer group of companies for 
the  same  period.  The  2021  performance  awards  are  earned  based  upon  the  level  of  attainment  by  the  Company  of  specified 
performance  objectives  related  to  cumulative  diluted  earnings  per  share  for  the  two-year  period  from  January  1,  2021  to 
December  31,  2022.  Shares  earned  based  on  cumulative  diluted  earnings  per  share  may  be  capped  based  on  the  Company’s 
total shareholder return during the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, relative to the total shareholder return of a peer 
group  of  companies  for  the  same  period.  The  2022  and  2021  performance  awards  will  vest  in  one  installment  on  the  third 
anniversary  from  the  respective  grant  dates.  In  January  2023,  the  Compensation  Committee  determined  the  2020  fiscal  year 

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
performance objectives were achieved at a level above the target level, and the additional shares earned above the target are 
included in the granted shares in the activity table above. 

We estimate the fair value of performance awards based upon the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of 
grant, reduced by the present value of estimated future dividends because the awards are not entitled to receive dividends prior 
to vesting. Our estimate of future dividends is based on the most recent quarterly dividend rate at the time of grant, adjusted for 
any known future changes in the dividend rate.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of performance awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, 
and 2020 was $39.28, $38.48, and $32.96, respectively. The vesting date fair value of performance awards that vested during 
the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, or 2020 was $3.0 million, $4.1 million and $5.8 million, respectively. We withheld 
shares  based  on  the  closing  stock  price  on  the  vesting  date  to  settle  the  employees’  statutory  obligation  for  the  applicable 
income and other employment taxes. The shares withheld to satisfy the tax withholding obligations were recorded as treasury 
stock.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Employee  associates  that  meet  certain  eligibility  requirements  may  participate  in  our  Employee  Stock  Purchase  Plan  (the 
“Purchase Plan”). Eligible participants designate the amount of regular payroll deductions and/or a single annual payment (each 
subject to a yearly maximum amount) that is used to purchase shares of our common stock on the over-the-counter market. The 
maximum annual contribution amount is currently $20,000. These purchases are subject to the terms of the Purchase Plan. We 
contribute an amount equal to 15% of each participant’s contributions under the Purchase Plan. Interest accrues on Purchase 
Plan contributions at a rate of 5.25% until the purchase is made. We pay the trading commissions and administrative charges 
related  to  purchases  of  common  stock  under  the  Purchase  Plan.  Our  contributions  for  the  Purchase  Plan  were  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

2022
2021
2020

$ 

309 
297 
283 

401(k) Retirement Savings Plan

We have an Employees’ 401(k) Retirement Savings Plan (the “401(k) Plan”). Associates are eligible to participate in the 401(k) 
Plan if they have been continuously employed with us or one of our subsidiaries for six months or more. We match a portion of 
each  associate’s  401(k)  Plan  elective  deferrals.  Salaries,  wages  and  benefits  expense  in  the  accompanying  consolidated 
statements  of  income  includes  our  401(k)  Plan  contributions  and  administrative  expenses,  which  were  as  follows  (in 
thousands): 

2022
2021
2020

$  5,921 
4,904 
4,748 

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan

The Executive Nonqualified Excess Plan (the “Excess Plan”) is our nonqualified deferred compensation plan for the benefit of 
eligible  key  managerial  associates  whose  401(k)  Plan  contributions  are  limited  because  of  IRS  regulations  affecting  highly 
compensated associates. Under the terms of the Excess Plan, participants may elect to defer compensation on a pre-tax basis 
within annual dollar limits we establish. At December 31, 2022, there were 44 participants in the Excess Plan. Although our 
current intention is not to do so, we may also make matching credits and/or profit sharing credits to participants’ accounts as we 
so determine each year. Each participant is fully vested in all deferred compensation and earnings; however, these amounts are 
subject to general creditor claims until distributed to the participant. Under current federal tax law, we are not allowed a current 
income  tax  deduction  for  the  compensation  deferred  by  participants,  but  we  are  allowed  a  tax  deduction  when  a  distribution 
payment  is  made  to  a  participant  from  the  Excess  Plan.  The  accumulated  benefit  obligation  is  included  in  other  long-term 
liabilities  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  We  purchased  life  insurance  policies  to  fund  the  future  liability.  The  aggregate 
market value of the life insurance policies is included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. 

51

 
 
 
 
The accumulated benefit obligation and aggregate market value of the life insurance policies were as follows (in thousands):

Accumulated benefit obligation

Aggregate market value

(12) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

10,883  $ 

8,509 

12,755 

10,621 

We have committed to property and equipment purchases of approximately $278.6 million at December 31, 2022.

We  are  involved  in  certain  claims  and  pending  litigation,  including  those  described  herein,  arising  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business. The majority of these claims relate to bodily injury, property damage, cargo and workers’ compensation incurred in 
the transportation of freight, as well as certain class action litigation related to personnel and employment matters. We accrue 
for the uninsured portion of contingent losses from these and other pending claims when it is both probable that a liability has 
been  incurred  and  the  amount  of  the  loss  can  be  reasonably  estimated.  Based  on  the  knowledge  of  the  facts,  management 
believes the resolution of claims and pending litigation, taking into account existing reserves, will not have a material adverse 
effect on our consolidated financial statements. Moreover, the results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict, and 
our view of these matters may change in the future as the litigation and related events unfold.

On May 17, 2018, in Harris County District Court in Houston, Texas, a jury rendered an adverse verdict against the Company 
in a lawsuit arising from a December 30, 2014 accident between a Werner tractor-trailer and a passenger vehicle. On July 30, 
2018, the court entered a final judgment against Werner for $92.0 million, including pre-judgment interest. 

The  Company  has  premium-based  liability  insurance  to  cover  the  potential  outcome  from  this  jury  verdict.  Under  the 
Company’s insurance policies in effect on the date of this accident, the Company’s maximum liability for this accident is $10.0 
million (plus pre-judgment and post-judgment interest) with premium-based coverage that exceeds the jury verdict amount. As 
a result of this jury verdict, the Company had recorded a liability of $34.1 million and $28.8 million as of December 31, 2022 
and  2021,  respectively.  Under  the  terms  of  the  Company’s  insurance  policies,  the  Company  is  the  primary  obligor  of  the 
verdict, and as such, the Company has also recorded a $79.2 million receivable from its third-party insurance providers in other 
non-current assets and a corresponding liability of the same amount in the long-term portion of insurance and claims accruals in 
the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

The Company is pursuing an appeal of this verdict. No assurances can be given regarding the outcome of any such appeal.

We have been involved in class action litigation in the U.S. District Court for the District of Nebraska, in which the plaintiffs 
allege that we owe drivers for unpaid wages under the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”) and the Nebraska Wage Payment 
and Collection Act and that we failed to pay minimum wage per hour for drivers in our Career Track Program, related to short 
break time and sleeper berth time. The period covered by this class action suit is August 2008 through March 2014. The case 
was tried to a jury in May 2017, resulting in a verdict of $0.8 million in plaintiffs’ favor on the short break matter and a verdict 
in our favor on the sleeper berth matter. As a result of various post-trial motions, the court awarded $0.5 million to the plaintiffs 
for attorney fees and costs. Plaintiffs appealed the post-verdict amounts awarded by the trial court for fees, costs and liquidated 
damages, and the Company filed a cross appeal on the verdict that was in plaintiffs’ favor. The United States Court of Appeals 
for the Eighth Circuit denied Plaintiffs’ appeal and granted Werner’s appeal, vacating the judgment in favor of the plaintiffs. 
The appellate court sent the case back to the trial court for proceedings consistent with the appellate court’s opinion. On June 
22, 2020, the trial court denied Plaintiffs’ request for a new trial and entered judgment in favor of the Company, dismissing the 
case  with  prejudice.  On  July  21,  2020,  Plaintiffs’  counsel  filed  a  notice  of  appeal  of  that  dismissal.  On  August  3,  2022,  the 
Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals vacated the district court’s judgment and remanded the case, for the trial court to determine 
whether  the  plaintiffs  should  be  granted  a  new  trial  on  the  short  break  claim.  On  January  10,  2023,  the  trial  court  denied 
Plaintiff’s motion for a new trial and entered judgment in Werner’s favor on all claims. As of December 31, 2022, we have an 
accrual for the jury’s award, attorney fees and costs in the short break matter and had not accrued for the sleeper berth matter.

We are also involved in certain class action litigation in which the plaintiffs allege claims for failure to provide meal and rest 
breaks,  unpaid  wages,  unauthorized  deductions  and  other  items.  Based  on  the  knowledge  of  the  facts,  management  does  not 
currently believe the outcome of these class actions is likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results 
of operations. However, the final disposition of these matters and the impact of such final dispositions cannot be determined at 
this time.

52

 
 
 
 
(13) SEGMENT INFORMATION

We have two reportable segments – Truckload Transportation Services and Werner Logistics.

The TTS segment consists of two operating units, Dedicated and One-Way Truckload. These units are aggregated because they 
have similar economic characteristics and meet the other aggregation criteria described in the accounting guidance for segment 
reporting. Dedicated provides truckload services dedicated to a specific customer, generally for a retail distribution center or 
manufacturing  facility,  utilizing  either  dry  van  or  specialized  trailers.  One-Way  Truckload  is  comprised  of  the  following 
operating fleets: (i) the medium-to-long-haul van (“Van”) fleet transports a variety of consumer nondurable products and other 
commodities in truckload quantities over irregular routes using dry van trailers, including Mexico cross-border routes; (ii) the 
expedited  (“Expedited”)  fleet  provides  time-sensitive  truckload  services  utilizing  driver  teams;  (iii)  the  regional  short-haul 
(“Regional”) fleet provides comparable truckload van service within geographic regions across the United States; and (iv) the 
Temperature  Controlled  fleet  provides  truckload  services  for  temperature  sensitive  products  over  irregular  routes  utilizing 
temperature-controlled trailers. Revenues for the TTS segment include a small amount of non-trucking revenues which consist 
primarily  of  the  intra-Mexico  portion  of  cross-border  shipments  delivered  to  or  from  Mexico  where  we  utilize  a  third-party 
capacity provider.

The  Werner  Logistics  segment  is  a  non-asset  based  transportation  and  logistics  provider.  Werner  Logistics  provides  services 
throughout North America and generates the majority of our non-trucking revenues through three operating units. These three 
Werner Logistics operating units are as follows: (i) Truckload Logistics, which uses contracted carriers to complete shipments 
for  brokerage  customers  and  freight  management  customers  for  which  we  offer  a  full  range  of  single-source  logistics 
management services and solutions; (ii) the intermodal (“Intermodal”) unit offers rail transportation through alliances with rail 
and drayage providers as an alternative to truck transportation; and (iii) Werner Final Mile (“Final Mile”) offers residential and 
commercial deliveries of large or heavy items using third-party agents, independent contractors, and Company employees with 
two-person delivery teams operating a liftgate straight truck. In first quarter 2021, we completed the sale of the Werner Global 
Logistics (“WGL”) freight forwarding services for international ocean and air shipments to Scan Global Logistics Group, and 
we realized a $1.0 million gain when the transaction closed on February 26, 2021. Prior to the sale of WGL, Werner Logistics 
provided  international  services  throughout  Asia,  with  additional  coverage  throughout  Australia,  Europe,  South  America,  and 
Africa.

We  generate  other  revenues  from  our  driver  training  schools,  transportation-related  activities  such  as  third-party  equipment 
maintenance  and  equipment  leasing,  and  other  business  activities.  None  of  these  operations  meets  the  quantitative  reporting 
thresholds.  As  a  result,  these  operations  are  grouped  in  “Other”  in  the  tables  below.  “Corporate”  includes  revenues  and 
expenses that are incidental to our activities and are not attributable to any of our operating segments, including gains and losses 
on sales of property and equipment not attributable to our operating segments. 

We do not prepare separate balance sheets by segment and, as a result, assets are not separately identifiable by segment. Based 
on  our  operations,  certain  revenue-generating  assets  (primarily  tractors  and  trailers)  are  interchangeable  between  segments. 
Depreciation  for  these  interchangeable  assets  is  allocated  to  segments  based  on  the  actual  number  of  units  utilized  by  the 
segment during the period. Other depreciation and amortization is allocated to segments based on specific identification or as a 
percentage of a metric such as average number of tractors. Inter-segment eliminations represent transactions between reporting 
segments that are eliminated in consolidation.

The following tables summarize our segment information (in thousands):

Revenues by Segment

Truckload Transportation Services

Werner Logistics

Other

Corporate

Subtotal

Inter-segment eliminations
Total

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

2,428,686  $ 

2,045,073  $ 

1,843,209 

793,492 

71,185 

1,833 

622,461 

66,108 

1,629 

469,791 

57,276 

2,009 

3,295,196 

2,735,271 

2,372,285 

(5,218)   

(899)   

(107) 

$ 

3,289,978  $ 

2,734,372  $ 

2,372,178 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income (Loss) by Segment

Truckload Transportation Services

Werner Logistics

Other

Corporate

Total

Depreciation and Amortization by Segment

Truckload Transportation Services

Werner Logistics

Other

Corporate

Total

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

294,555  $ 

281,823  $ 

222,007 

36,184 

(2,604)   

(5,059)   

27,873 

4,947 

(5,497)   

$ 

323,076  $ 

309,146  $ 

6,005 

3,839 

(4,413) 

227,438 

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

256,768  $ 

245,169  $ 

239,858 

9,989 

11,258 

1,908 

8,833 

10,786 

2,912 

7,712 

11,705 

4,011 

$ 

279,923  $ 

267,700  $ 

263,286 

Information  about  the  geographic  areas  in  which  we  conduct  business  is  summarized  below  (in  thousands)  as  of  and  for  the 
years ended December 31, 2022,  2021, and 2020. Operating revenues for foreign countries include revenues for (i) shipments 
with an origin or destination in that country and (ii) other services provided in that country. If both the origin and destination 
are in a foreign country, the revenues are attributed to the country of origin.

Revenues

United States

Foreign countries

Mexico

Other

Total foreign countries

Total

Long-lived Assets
United States

Foreign countries

Mexico

Other

Total foreign countries

Total

2022

2021

2020

$ 

3,051,788  $ 

2,532,720  $ 

2,144,105 

191,126 

47,064 

238,190 

156,405 

45,247 

201,652 

149,438 

78,635 

228,073 

3,289,978  $ 

2,734,372  $ 

2,372,178 

1,795,337  $ 

1,583,766  $ 

1,506,862 

$ 

$ 

29,819 

120 

29,939 

29,421 

56 

29,477 

36,222 

174 

36,396 

$ 

1,825,276  $ 

1,613,243  $ 

1,543,258 

We  generate  substantially  all  of  our  revenues  within  the  United  States  or  from  North  American  shipments  with  origins  or 
destinations in the United States. Our largest customer, Dollar General, accounted for 14% of our total revenues in 2022 and 
2021, and 12% in 2020. Revenues generated by Dollar General are reported in both of our reportable operating segments. 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

No disclosure under this item was required within the two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2022, or any subsequent 
period, involving a change of accountants or disagreements on accounting and financial disclosure.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation 
of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and 
operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 15d-15(e). Our disclosure controls and 
procedures  are  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  of  achieving  the  desired  control  objectives.  Based  upon  that 
evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are 
effective  at  a  reasonable  assurance  level  in  enabling  us  to  record,  process,  summarize  and  report  information  required  to  be 
included  in  our  periodic  filings  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  within  the  required  time  period  and  that  such 
information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial 
Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

We  have  confidence  in  our  internal  controls  and  procedures.  Nevertheless,  our  management,  including  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that the internal controls or disclosure procedures and controls will prevent 
all  errors  or  intentional  fraud.  An  internal  control  system,  no  matter  how  well  conceived  and  operated,  can  provide  only 
reasonable,  not  absolute,  assurance  that  the  objectives  of  such  internal  controls  are  met.  Further,  the  design  of  an  internal 
control system must reflect that resource constraints exist, and the benefits of controls must be evaluated relative to their costs. 
Because of the inherent limitations in all internal control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that 
all control issues, misstatements and instances of fraud, if any, have been prevented or detected.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  our  financial  reporting.  Internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  to  our  management  and  Board  of 
Directors  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in 
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes (i) maintaining 
records  that  in  reasonable  detail  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  our  transactions;  (ii)  providing  reasonable  assurance  that 
transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  for  preparation  of  our  financial  statements;  (iii)  providing  reasonable  assurance  that 
receipts  and  expenditures  of  company  assets  are  made  in  accordance  with  management  authorization;  and  (iv)  providing 
reasonable assurance that unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of company assets that could have a material effect on our 
financial statements would be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because (i) changes in conditions may occur or (ii) the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2022.  This 
assessment is based on the criteria for effective internal control described in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) 
issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission.  Based  on  its  assessment,  management 
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022. Securities and Exchange 
Commission  guidance  permits  companies  to  exclude  acquisitions  from  their  assessment  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  for  the  fiscal  year  in  which  the  acquisition  occurred.  Management’s  assessment  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  as  of  December  31,  2022  excludes  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  related  to  Baylor  (acquired  October  1, 
2022),  which  accounted  for  approximately  $105.6  million  of  consolidated  total  assets  and  $21.6  million  of  consolidated 
operating  revenues  as  of  and  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  and  ReedTMS  (acquired  November  5,  2022),  which 
accounted for approximately $160.5 million of consolidated total assets and $51.8 million of consolidated operating revenues as 
of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. 

Management  has  engaged  KPMG  LLP  (“KPMG”),  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  audited  the 
consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K, to attest to and report on the effectiveness of our internal control 
over financial reporting. KPMG’s report is included herein.

55

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Werner Enterprises, Inc.:

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We  have  audited  Werner  Enterprises,  Inc.  and  subsidiaries’  (the  Company)  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee 
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, 
effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – 
Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB),  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  the  Company  as  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  the  related  consolidated 
statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and temporary equity - redeemable noncontrolling interest, 
and  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  three-year  period  ended  December  31,  2022,  and  the  related  notes  and  financial 
statement  schedule  II  valuation  and  qualifying  accounts  (collectively,  the  consolidated  financial  statements),  and  our  report 
dated February 27, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

The Company acquired Baylor Trucking, Inc., Reed Transport Services, Inc. and RTS-TMS, Inc. during 2022, and management 
excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2022,  Baylor  Trucking,  Inc.,  Reed  Transport  Services,  Inc.  and  RTS-TMS,  Inc.’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
associated with total assets of $266 million and total revenues of $73 million included in the consolidated financial statements 
of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the 
Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Baylor Trucking, Inc., Reed Transport 
Services, Inc. and RTS-TMS, Inc.

Basis for Opinion

The  Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  for  its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report 
on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be 
independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all 
material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control 
over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness  of  internal  control  based  on  the  assessed  risk.  Our  audit  also  included  performing  such  other  procedures  as  we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures 
that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the 
company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

56

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Omaha, Nebraska
February 27, 2023

/s/ KPMG LLP

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management,  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer, 
concluded that no changes in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 
that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

During fourth quarter 2022, no information was required to be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K, but not reported.

ITEM 9C.

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable

PART III

Certain  information  required  by  Part  III  is  omitted  from  this  Form  10-K  because  we  will  file  a  definitive  proxy  statement 
pursuant to Regulation 14A (the “Proxy Statement”) not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 
10-K, and certain information included therein is incorporated herein by reference. Only those sections of the Proxy Statement 
which specifically address the items set forth herein are incorporated by reference.

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this Item, with the exception of the Code of Corporate Conduct discussed below, is incorporated 
herein by reference to our Proxy Statement.

Code of Corporate Conduct

We  adopted  our  Code  of  Corporate  Conduct,  which  is  our  code  of  ethics,  that  applies  to  our  principal  executive  officer, 
principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and all other officers, employee associates, and directors. The Code of 
Corporate Conduct is available on our website, www.werner.com in the “Investors” section. We will post on our website any 
amendment to, or waiver from, any provision of our Code of Corporate Conduct that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, 
Chief Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer (if any) within four business days of any such event.

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement.

57

ITEM 12.

SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The  information  required  by  this  Item,  with  the  exception  of  the  equity  compensation  plan  information  presented  below,  is 
incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The  following  table  summarizes,  as  of  December  31,  2022,  information  about  compensation  plans  under  which  our  equity 
securities are authorized for issuance:

Number of Securities to 
be Issued upon Exercise 
of Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights

Weighted-Average 
Exercise Price of 
Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights

(a)

781,978(1)

(b)

$0.00(2)

Number of Securities 
Remaining Available for 
Future Issuance under 
Equity Compensation 
Plans (Excluding 
Securities Reflected in 
Column (a))

(c)

6,273,659

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans 
approved by stockholders

Includes 781,563 shares to be issued upon vesting of outstanding restricted stock awards.

(1)
(2) As of December 31, 2022, we do not have any outstanding stock options. 

We do not have any equity compensation plans that were not approved by stockholders.

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Our independent registered public accounting firm is KPMG LLP, Omaha, NE, Auditor Firm ID:185.

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement.

PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBIT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)

Financial Statements and Schedules.

(1)      Financial Statements: See Part II, Item 8 hereof.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Income
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Temporary Equity - Redeemable 
Noncontrolling Interest
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
27
29
30
31
32

33
34

(2)      Financial Statement Schedules: The consolidated financial statement schedule set forth under the following caption is 
included herein. The page reference is to the consecutively numbered pages of this report on Form 10-K.

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Page
63

Schedules not listed above have been omitted because they are not applicable or are not required or the information required to 
be set forth therein is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

58

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
(3)      Exhibits: The Company has attached or incorporated by reference herein certain exhibits as specified below pursuant to 
Rule 12b-32 under the Exchange Act.

Exhibit
Number

3(i)

3(ii)

4.1

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

Description

Incorporated by Reference to:

Restated Articles of Incorporation of Werner 
Enterprises, Inc. 

Exhibit 3(i) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2007

Revised and Restated By-Laws of Werner 
Enterprises, Inc. 

Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated August 14, 2018

Description of Common Stock

Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
for the year ended December 31, 2019

Werner Enterprises, Inc. Amended and 
Restated Equity Plan

Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021

Non-Employee Director Compensation

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020; Item 8.01 of 
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 
2020; Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022

The Executive Nonqualified Excess Plan of 
Werner Enterprises, Inc., restated

Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-
K for the year ended December 31, 2017

Named Executive Officer Compensation

Item 5.02 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated February 13, 2020; Item 5.02 of the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 15, 2020; Item 
5.02 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated 
February 11, 2021; Item 5.02 of the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2022; Item 5.02 of 
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 
10, 2023

Form of Notice of Grant of Nonqualified 
Stock Option

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated November 29, 2007

Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock 
Award Agreement, effective February 10, 
2014

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated December 1, 2009

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated February 10, 2014

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock 
Award Agreement, effective February 7, 2022

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
dated February 7, 2022

Werner Enterprises, Inc. Change in Control 
Severance Plan

Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021

Credit Agreement, dated May 14, 2019 
between Werner Enterprises, Inc. and Wells 
Fargo Bank, National Association

Facility Letter Agreement, dated May 14, 
2019 between Werner Enterprises, Inc. and 
BMO Harris Bank N.A.

First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated 
October 20, 2020 between Werner 
Enterprises, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association
Facility Letter and Promissory Note 
Agreement, dated June 30, 2021 between 
Werner Enterprises, Inc. and BMO Harris 
Bank N.A.

First Amendment to Facility Letter 
Agreement, dated June 30, 2021 between 
Werner Enterprises, Inc. and BMO Harris 
Bank N.A.

59

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019

Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019

Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020

Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021

Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Exhibit
Number

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

21

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

Description

Incorporated by Reference to:

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, 
dated June 29, 2021 between Werner 
Enterprises, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association

Credit Agreement, dated March 25, 2022 
between Werner Enterprises, Inc. and Wells 
Fargo Bank, National Association

Revolving Line of Credit Note, dated March 
25, 2022 between Werner Enterprises, Inc. 
and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Term Note, dated March 25, 2022 between 
Werner Enterprises, Inc. and Wells Fargo 
Bank, National Association

Second Amendment to Facility Letter 
Agreement, dated March 25, 2022 between 
Werner Enterprises, Inc. and BMO Harris 
Bank N.A.

Credit Agreement, dated December 20, 2022 
by and among Werner Enterprises, Inc., the 
lenders thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National 
Association as Administrative Agent, 
Swingline Lender, and Issuing Lender, and 
BMO Harris Bank N.A. as Syndication Agent  

First Amendment to Term Loan Facility 
Letter, dated December 20, 2022 between 
Werner Enterprises, Inc. and BMO Harris 
Bank N.A.

  Subsidiaries of the Registrant

  Consent of KPMG LLP

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer 
pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Section 
302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer 
pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Section 
302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer 
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer 
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021

Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022

Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022

Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022

Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

   Filed herewith

   Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Furnished herewith

Furnished herewith

60

 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
Incorporated by Reference to:

Exhibit
Number
101

104

Description
The following audited financial information 
from Werner Enterprises’ Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2022, formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible 
Business Reporting Language) includes: (i) 
Consolidated Statements of Income for the 
years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 
2020, (ii) Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive Income for the years ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, (iii) 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 
31, 2022 and 2021, (iv) Consolidated 
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, (v) 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ 
Equity and Temporary Equity - Redeemable 
Noncontrolling Interest for the years ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, and (vi) 
the Notes to Consolidated Financial 
Statements as of December 31, 2022.
The cover page from this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (included as 
Exhibit 101).

ITEM 16.

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

Not applicable

61

 
  
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 27th day of February, 2023.

By:

/s/ Derek J. Leathers

WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.

Derek J. Leathers
Chairman, President and Chief Executive 
Officer

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the  following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Position

Date

Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

February 27, 2023

(Principal Executive Officer)

   Director

   Director

Director

  Director

Director

Director

Director

/s/ Derek J. Leathers

Derek J. Leathers

/s/ Scott C. Arves
Scott C. Arves

/s/ Kenneth M. Bird, Ed.D.
Kenneth M. Bird, Ed.D.

/s/ Diane K. Duren

Diane K. Duren

/s/ Jack A. Holmes
Jack A. Holmes

/s/ Michelle D. Livingstone
Michelle D. Livingstone

/s/ Carmen A. Tapio
Carmen A. Tapio

/s/ Alexi A. Wellman
Alexi A. Wellman

/s/ John J. Steele
John J. Steele

/s/ James L. Johnson
James L. Johnson

/s/ Vikram Mansharamani, Ph.D.
Vikram Mansharamani, Ph.D.

  Director

  February 27, 2023

  February 27, 2023

February 27, 2023

  February 27, 2023

February 27, 2023

  February 27, 2023

February 27, 2023

February 27, 2023

   Executive Vice President, Treasurer 
   and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

  February 27, 2023

   Executive Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer
   and Corporate Secretary (Principal Accounting Officer)

  February 27, 2023

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
SCHEDULE II

WERNER ENTERPRISES, INC.

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

(In thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2022:
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Year ended December 31, 2021:
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Year ended December 31, 2020:
Allowance for doubtful accounts

(In thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2022:

Allowance for doubtful student notes
Year ended December 31, 2021:

Allowance for doubtful student notes
Year ended December 31, 2020:

Allowance for doubtful student notes

Balance at
Beginning of
Period

Charged to
Costs and
Expenses

Write-offs
(Recoveries)
of Doubtful
Accounts

Balance at
End of
Period

9,169  $ 

1,956  $ 

854  $ 

10,271 

8,686  $ 

845  $ 

362  $ 

9,169 

7,921  $ 

2,261  $ 

1,496  $ 

8,686 

Balance at
Beginning of
Period

Charged to
Costs and
Expenses

Write-offs
(Recoveries)
of Doubtful
Accounts

Balance at
End of
Period

22,911  $ 

20,301  $ 

19,721  $ 

23,491 

19,448  $ 

18,659  $ 

15,196  $ 

22,911 

21,317  $ 

16,529  $ 

18,398  $ 

19,448 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See report of independent registered public accounting firm.

63

 
EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
(SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

I, Derek J. Leathers, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Werner Enterprises, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls 
and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)

b)

c)

d)

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting 
to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)

b)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize 
and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  February 27, 2023

/s/ Derek J. Leathers
Derek J. Leathers
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
(SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

I, John J. Steele, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Werner Enterprises, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls 
and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)

b)

c)

d)

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting 
to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)

b)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize 
and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  February 27, 2023

/s/ John J. Steele
John J. Steele
Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  of  Werner  Enterprises,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ending 
December  31,  2022  (the  “Report”),  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  I,  Derek  J.  Leathers,  Chairman, 
President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  the  Company,  certify,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1.

2.

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 
operations of the Company.

February 27, 2023

/s/ Derek J. Leathers
Derek J. Leathers
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

 
EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  of  Werner  Enterprises,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ending 
December  31,  2022  (the  “Report”),  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  I,  John  J.  Steele,  Executive  Vice 
President,  Treasurer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  the  Company,  certify,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1.

2.

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 
operations of the Company.

February 27, 2023

/s/ John J. Steele

John J. Steele
Executive Vice President, Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer