Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Industrial Materials / Western Copper and Gold Corporation

Western Copper and Gold Corporation

wrn · AMEX Basic Materials
Claim this profile
Ticker wrn
Exchange AMEX
Sector Basic Materials
Industry Industrial Materials
Employees 15
← All annual reports
FY2019 Annual Report · Western Copper and Gold Corporation
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Western Copper and Gold Corporation 
(An exploration stage company) 

Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Responsibility for Financial Reporting 

 The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Western  Copper  and  Gold  Corporation  (the 
“Company”)  have  been  prepared  by  management  and  are  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.  

Management has developed and maintains a system of internal control to provide reasonable assurance 
that assets are safeguarded and financial information is accurate and reliable.  Further information on the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting and its disclosure controls is available in management’s 
report on internal control, which follows.   

The  Board  of  Directors  approves  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  ensures  that  management 
discharges its financial reporting responsibilities. The Board’s review is accomplished primarily through the 
Audit Committee, which is composed of non-executive directors. The Audit Committee meets periodically 
with management and the auditors to review financial reporting and control matters. 

The  Company’s  independent  auditors,  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,  have  audited  the  Company’s 
consolidated financial statements on behalf of the shareholders and their report follows. 

/s/ Paul West-Sells 
Paul West-Sells 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

/s/ Varun Prasad 
Varun Prasad 
Chief Financial Officer 

March 18, 2020 
Vancouver, Canada 

- 2 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management of Western Copper and Gold Corporation (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and 
maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.  The Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, 
in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) thereunder, defines this as a process designed by, or under the supervision 
of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board 
of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that: 

  Pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that  accurately  and  fairly  reflect,  in  reasonable  detail,  the 

transactions of the Company; 

  Provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of 
financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the 
International  Accounting  Standards  Board,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  Company  are 
made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of Company; and 

  Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use 
or disposition of the Company’s assets that may have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all 
misstatements on a timely basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness of internal control 
over financial reporting to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.   

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2019, based on the criteria established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission (COSO) in its Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013).  Management 
also assessed the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures.   

Based on these assessments, management concludes that the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting and its disclosure controls and procedures was not effective as of December 31, 2019 due to the 
existence  of  a  material  weakness.    A  material  weakness  existed  in  the  design  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting caused by a lack of adequate segregation of duties in the financial close process.  The 
Chief Financial Officer is responsible for preparing, authorizing, and reviewing information that is key to the 
preparation of financial reports.  He is also responsible for preparing and reviewing the resulting financial 
reports.  This weakness has the potential to result in material misstatements in the Company’s financial 
statements and should also be considered a material weakness in its disclosure controls and procedures. 

Management has concluded, and the Audit Committee has agreed, that taking into account the present 
stage of Western Copper and Gold Corporation’s development, the Company does not have sufficient size 
and scale to warrant the hiring of additional staff to correct the material weakness at this time.   

/s/ Paul West-Sells 
Paul West-Sells 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

/s/ Varun Prasad 
Varun Prasad 
Chief Financial Officer 

March 18, 2020 
Vancouver, Canada 

- 3 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Western Copper and Gold Corporation  

Opinion on the Financial Statements 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Western Copper and Gold Corporation 
and its subsidiaries (together, the Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related 
consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss, cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity 
for the years then ended, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial 
statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and its financial performance 
and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with International Financial Reporting 
Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. 

Basis for Opinion 
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our 
audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance 
with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audits of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of 
the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance 
about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error or fraud.  

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the 
consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond 
to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and 
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.  

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Vancouver, Canada 
March 18, 2020 

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2006.  

4

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation 
Consolidated Financial Statements 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS  

ASSETS 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Marketable securities 
Other assets 
CURRENT ASSETS 

Exploration and evaluation assets 

ASSETS 

LIABILITIES 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Flow-through premium liability 

CURRENT LIABILITIES 

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Share capital 
Contributed surplus 
Deficit 

Note 

December 31, 2019 
$ 

December 31, 2018 
$

4 
5 

6 

7 

8 

1,641,721 
- 
160,500 
281,517 
2,083,738 

3,026,385 
1,505,161 
252,200 
159,188 
4,942,934 

48,375,025 

41,946,079 

50,458,763 

46,889,013 

372,790 
89,775 

602,206 

462,565 

602,206 

116,908,713 
33,942,501 
(100,855,016) 

111,891,213 
33,484,162 
(99,088,568)

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

49,996,198 

46,286,807 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

50,458,763 

46,889,013 

Commitments 
Subsequent events 

11 
18 

Approved by the Board of Directors 

   /s/ Robert Gayton      Director                                     /s/ Klaus Zeitler      Director 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements 

- 5 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation 
Consolidated Financial Statements 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS  

For the year ended December 31,  

Filing and regulatory fees 
Office and administration 
Professional fees 
Rent and utilities 
Share-based payments 
Shareholder communication and travel 
Wages and benefits 

Note 

10, 12 

12 

2019 
$ 

191,666 
239,525 
90,529 
114,890 
406,399 
452,382 
1,000,905 

2018 
$ 

206,506 
262,325 
90,921 
112,626 
574,974 
561,067 
1,093,404 

CORPORATE EXPENSES 

2,496,296 

2,901,823 

Foreign exchange loss  
Interest income 
Flow-through premium recovery 
Unrealized loss on marketable securities 

3,753 
(57,866) 
(767,435) 
91,700 

4,421 
(83,584) 
- 
33,500 

7 
5 

LOSS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 

1,766,448 

2,856,160 

Basic and diluted loss per share 

0.02 

0.03 

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 

104,201,483 

99,886,747 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements 

- 6 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation 
Consolidated Financial Statements 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

For the year ended December 31,  

Cash flows provided by (used in) 

Note 

2019 
$ 

2018 
$ 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
Loss and comprehensive loss 

ITEMS NOT AFFECTING CASH 
Share-based payments 
Unrealized loss on marketable securities 
Flow-through premium recovery 

(1,766,448) 

(2,856,160) 

406,399 
91,700 
(767,435) 
(269,336) 

574,974 
33,500 
- 
608,474 

Change in non-cash working capital items 

13 

(1,736) 

120,156 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Private placement proceeds 
Private placement issuance costs 
Exercise of stock options 

(2,037,520) 

(2,127,530)

8 
8 
9 

3,354,300 
(341,660) 
72,000 

3,340,826 
(152,825) 
732,500 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

3,084,640 

3,920,501 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 
Redemption of short-term investments 
Mineral property expenditures 
Acquisition of mineral claims 

1,500,000 
(3,892,871) 
(38,913) 

2,186,861 
(1,348,817) 
- 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

(2,431,784) 

838,044 

CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

(1,384,664) 

2,631,015 

Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning  

3,026,385 

395,370 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - ENDING 

1,641,721 

3,026,385 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements 

- 7 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation 
Consolidated Financial Statements 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

Number of 
Shares 

Share 
Capital 
$ 

Contributed 
Surplus 
$ 

Deficit 

$ 

Shareholders’ 
Equity 
$ 

DECEMBER 31, 2017 

96,653,935 

108,021,796 

32,747,685 

(96,232,408) 

44,537,073 

Private Placement (note 8c) 
   Gross proceeds 
   Issuance costs 
   Allocation of warrant value 
Exercise of stock options 
Transfer of stock option value 
Share-based payments 
Loss and comprehensive loss 

2,905,066 
- 
- 
1,225,000 
- 
- 
- 

3,340,826 
(152,825) 
(319,000) 
732,500 
267,916 
- 
- 

- 
- 
319,000 
- 
(267,916) 
685,393 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,856,160) 

3,340,826 
(152,825) 
- 
732,500 
- 
685,393 
(2,856,160) 

DECEMBER 31, 2018 

100,784,001 

111,891,213 

33,484,162 

(99,088,568) 

46,286,807 

Shares issued – Acquisition of 
mineral claims (note 8b) 
Private Placement (note 8c) 
   Gross proceeds 
   Flow-through premium (note 

7) 

   Issuance costs 
Exercise of stock options 
Transfer of stock option value 
Share-based payments 
Loss and comprehensive loss 

3,000,000 

2,760,000 

3,727,000 
- 

3,354,300 
(857,210) 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
125,000 
- 
- 
- 

(341,660) 
72,000 
30,070 
- 
- 

- 
- 
(30,070) 
488,409 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
(1,766,448) 

2,760,000 

3,354,300 
(857,210) 

(341,660) 
72,000 
- 
488,409 
(1,766,448) 

DECEMBER 31, 2019 

107,636,001 

116,908,713 

33,942,501 

(100,855,016)  49,996,198 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements 

- 8 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

1.  NATURE OF OPERATIONS  

Western Copper and Gold Corporation (together with its subsidiaries, “Western” or the “Company”) is an 
exploration stage company that is directly engaged in exploration and development of the Casino mineral 
property located in Yukon, Canada (the “Casino Project”). 

The Company is incorporated in British Columbia, Canada.  Its head office is located at 15th Floor – 1040 
West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia.     

The Company will need to raise additional funds to complete the development of the Casino Project.  While 
Western has been successful in raising sufficient capital to fund its operations in the past, there can be no 
assurance that it will be able to do so in the future.  Refer to note 18 for more information. 

2.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION 

a.  Statement of compliance 

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). The financial 
statements are prepared under the historical cost convention.   

These financial statements were approved for issue by the Company’s board of directors on March 18, 
2020. 

b.  Accounting estimates and judgments 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  exercise 
judgement  in  the  process  of  applying  its  accounting  policies  and  to  make  estimates  that  affect  the 
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and contingent liabilities 
at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the 
reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates. Differences may be material. 

Judgment  is  required  in  assessing  whether  certain  factors  would  be  considered  an  indicator  of 
impairment.  We  consider  both  internal  and  external  information  to  determine  whether  there  is  an 
indicator of  impairment  present  and accordingly,  whether  impairment  testing is  required. Where an 
impairment test is required, calculating the estimated recoverable amount of the cash generating units 
for non-current asset impairment tests requires management to make estimates and assumptions with 
respect to estimated recoverable reserves or resources, estimated future commodity prices, expected 
future operating and capital costs, and discount rates. Changes in any of the assumptions or estimates 
used in determining the recoverable amount could impact the impairment analysis. 

- 9 -

 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

3.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

a.  Change in accounting policy 

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted IFRS 16 – Leases (IFRS 16). IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 
– Leases. Revised standard eliminates the classification of leases as either operating or finance leases 
for a lessee.  Instead all leases are capitalized by recognizing the present value of lease payments and 
recognizing an asset and a financial liability representing an obligation to make future lease payments. 
The principles in IFRS 16 provide a more consistent approach to acquiring the use of an asset whether 
by leasing or purchasing an asset.  The Company’s lease agreements are classified as short term due 
to a termination clause, therefore having no impact on opening balances upon adoption.  The lease 
will continue to be recognised through the statement of loss and comprehensive loss. 

b.  Summary of significant accounting policies 

The Company’s principal accounting policies are outlined below:  

(i) 

Basis of consolidation 

The Company consolidates an entity when it has power over that entity, is exposed, or has rights, 
to variable returns from its involvement with that entity and has the ability to affect those returns 
through its power over that entity. The financial statements of other entities (e.g. subsidiaries) 
are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until 
the  date  that  control  ceases.    All  significant  intercompany  transactions  and  balances  are 
eliminated. 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include Western Copper and Gold Corp., 
Casino Mining Corp., and Ravenwolf Resource Group Ltd. 

(ii) 

Presentation currency 

The Company’s presentation currency is the Canadian dollar (“$”).  The functional currency of 
Western and its significant subsidiaries is the Canadian dollar. 

(iii)  Foreign currency translation 

In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other 
than the entity’s functional currency (“foreign currencies”) are recorded at the rates of exchange 
prevailing at the dates of the transactions.  At each balance sheet date, monetary assets and 
liabilities are translated using the period end foreign exchange rate.  Non-monetary assets and 
liabilities are translated using the historical rate on the date of the transaction.  All gains and 
losses on translation of these foreign currency transactions are included in the statement of loss. 

- 10 -

 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(iv)  Share-based payments 

The Company grants stock options to buy common shares of the Company to directors, officers, 
employees and consultants.  The fair value of stock options granted by the Company is treated 
as compensation costs in accordance with IFRS 2 - Share-based Payments.  The fair value of 
such awards is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. These costs are charged 
to the statement of loss or, if appropriate, are capitalized to exploration and evaluation assets 
over  the  stock  option  vesting  period  with  an  offsetting  entry  to  contributed  surplus.    The 
Company’s allocation of share-based payments is consistent with its treatment of other types of 
compensation for each recipient.   

If the stock options are exercised, the value attributable to the stock options is transferred to 
share capital. 

(v) 

Income taxes 

Income  tax  expense  consists  of  current  and  deferred  tax  expense.    Income  tax  expense  is 
recognized in the statement of loss. 

Current tax expense is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the period, using tax 
rates  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  year  end,  adjusted  for  amendments  to  tax  payable 
with regards to the previous year. 

Deferred taxes are recorded using the liability method.  Under the liability method, deferred tax 
assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences 
between  the  financial  statement  carrying  amounts  of  existing  assets  and  liabilities  and  their 
respective tax bases (i.e. timing differences).  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured 
using the enacted or substantively enacted tax rates expected to apply when the asset is realized 
or the liability settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is 
recognized in the statement of loss in the period that the substantive enactment occurs. 

A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will 
be available against which the asset can be utilized.   

(vi)  Flow-through shares 

Canadian  income  tax  legislation permits  an  enterprise  to  issue  securities,  referred  to  as  flow-
through shares, whereby the investor can claim the tax deductions arising from the renunciation 
of the related qualifying resource expenditures.  The Company accounts for flow-through shares 
whereby  the  premium  paid  for  the  flow-through  shares  in  excess  of  the  market  value  of  the 
shares without flow-through features is credited to other liabilities and included in other income 
at the same time the qualifying expenditures are made. 

- 11 -

 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(vii)  Loss per share 

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss available to common shareholders by 
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted loss 
per share is computed in the same way as basic loss per share except that the weighted average 
number of shares outstanding is increased to include additional shares for the assumed exercise 
of all stock options and warrants, if dilutive. 

(viii)  Long-lived assets 

1.  Exploration and evaluation assets 

Direct costs related to the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties held or controlled 
by the Company are capitalized on an individual property basis until the property is put into 
production,  sold,  abandoned,  or  determined  to  be  impaired.    Administration  costs  and 
general  exploration  costs  are  expensed  as  incurred.    When  a  property  is  placed  into 
commercial production, deferred costs will be depleted using the units-of-production method.   

The  Company  classifies  its  mineral  properties  as  exploration  and  evaluation  assets  until 
technical  feasibility  and  commercial  viability  of  extracting  a  mineral  resource  are 
demonstrable. At this point, the exploration and evaluation assets are transferred to property 
and  equipment.    The  establishment  of  technical  feasibility  and  commercial  viability  of  a 
mineral  property  is  assessed  based  on  a  combination  of  factors,  such  as  the  extent  of 
established  mineral  reserves,  the  results  of  feasibility  and  technical  evaluations,  and  the 
status of mining leases or permits. 

Proceeds received from the sale of royalties, tax credits, or government assistance programs 
are recognized as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset when the money is 
more  likely  than  not  to  be  received.    If  the  applicable  property  has  been  written-off,  the 
amount received is recorded as a credit in the statement of loss in the period in which the 
payment is more likely than not to be received.  

Although the Company has taken steps to verify title to mineral properties in which it has an 
interest, these procedures do not guarantee the Company’s title.  Such properties may be 
subject to prior agreements or transfers, or title may be affected by undetected defects. 

2.  Impairment 

The Company’s assets are reviewed for indication of impairment at each balance sheet date 
in accordance with IFRS 6 – Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources.  If any such 
indication exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount is undertaken, being the higher of 
an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use (“VIU”). If the asset’s carrying 
amount  exceeds  its  recoverable  amount  then  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized  in  the 
statement of loss. 

- 12 -

 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in 
an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value 
of mineral assets is generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash 
flows  expected  to  arise  from  the  continued  use  of  the  asset,  including  any  expansion 
prospects. 

VIU is determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise 
from the continued use of the asset in its present form and from its ultimate disposal. 

Impairment is normally assessed at the level of cash-generating units, which are identified 
as  the  smallest  identifiable  group  of  assets  that  generates  cash  inflows  that  are  largely 
independent of the cash inflows from other assets. 

3.  Reversal of impairment 

An impairment loss is reversed if there is an indication that there has been a change in the 
estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.  An impairment loss is reversed only 
to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that 
would have been determined, net of amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.   

(ix)  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  consist  of  cash  on  hand,  deposits  in  banks  and  highly  liquid 
investments with an original maturity of three months or less. 

(x) 

Short-term investments 

Short-term  investments  are  investments  with  an  original  maturity  date  greater  than  three 
months, but no more than one year from the date of acquisition. 

(xi)  Financial instruments 

1.  Classification and measurement 

Financial  instruments  are  recognized  when  the  Company  becomes  party  to  a  contractual 
obligation. At initial recognition, the Company classifies its financial instruments as one the 
following categories: at fair value through profit and loss (“FVTPL”), at fair value through 
other  comprehensive  income  (“FVTOCI”),  or  at  amortized  cost  according  to  the  financial 
instruments’ contractual cash flow characteristics and the business models under which they 
are held.  

Financial  assets  are  measured  at  amortized  cost  if  they  are  held  for  the  collection  of 
contractual cash flows where those cash flows solely represent payments of principal and 
interest. The Company’s intent is to hold these financial assets in order to collect contractual 
cash flows and the contractual terms give rise to cash flows on specified dates that are solely 
payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. 

- 13 -

 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI if they are held for the collection of contractual 
cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets’ cash flows represent solely 
payments of principal and interest. The Company initially recognizes these financial assets 
at  their  fair  value  with  subsequent  changes  to  fair  values  recognized  in  OCI.  When  the 
financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is 
reclassified from equity to the statement of loss. 

Financial assets are measured at FVTPL if they do not qualify as financial assets at amortized 
cost or FVTOCI. The Company initially recognizes these financial assets at their fair value 
with subsequent changes to fair values recognized in the statement of loss. 

Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost unless they are required to be measured 
at FVTPL.  

The Company classifies its financial instruments as follows: 

Financial assets/liabilities 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Marketable securities 
Other assets 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

Classification 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 
FVTPL 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 

2.  Impairment of financial assets 

At each reporting date, the Company assesses the expected credit loss associated with its 
financial assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI. The impairment methodology applied 
depends  on  whether  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  credit  risk.    Allowances  are 
recognized as impairment gains or losses on the statement of loss.  

3.  Derecognition 

Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the financial 
assets have expired or have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially 
all the risks and rewards of ownership. Financial liabilities are derecognized when, and only 
when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.  

(xii)  Provisions 

Provisions are recorded when a present legal or constructive obligation exists as a result of past 
events where it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be 
required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be 
made. 

The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle 
the present obligation at the balance sheet date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties 
surrounding the obligation.  Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to 
settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows.  

- 14 -

 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

4.  SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS 

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had $nil (December 31, 2018 - $1,505,161) invested in Canadian 
dollar denominated guaranteed investment certificates, including accrued interest of $nil (December 31, 
2018 - $5,161). 

5.  MARKETABLE SECURITIES 

As  at  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  held  marketable  securities  with  an  aggregate  market  value  of 
$160,500 (December 31, 2018 - $252,200), consisting of 2.5 million common shares of NorthIsle Copper 
and Gold Inc. with a market value of $150,000 (December 31, 2018 - $237,500) and 420,000 common 
shares of Copper North Mining Corp. with a market value of $10,500 (December 31, 2018 - $14,700).  For 
the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized an unrealized loss on marketable securities 
totalling $91,700 (December 31, 2018 - $33,500). 

6.  EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS 

a.  Casino (100% - Yukon, Canada) 

The Casino Project is a copper-gold porphyry deposit located in Yukon, Canada.   

All  claims  comprising  the  Casino  Project  are  subject  to  a  2.75%  net  smelter  returns  royalty  on  the 
future sale of any metals and minerals derived therefrom.  

As part of a separate agreement, Western is required to make a payment of $1 million upon making a 
production decision on the Casino Project. 

b.  Canadian Creek (100% - Yukon, Canada) 

On  August  28,  2019,  the  Company  acquired  the  mineral  claims  that  comprise  the  Canadian  Creek 
Property from Cariboo Rose Resources Ltd (“Cariboo Rose”).  The Canadian Creek Property lies directly 
adjacent to the Casino Project.   

The total consideration paid to Cariboo Rose consists of 3 million common shares of the Company with 
a fair value of $2,760,000.  The Company also incurred $38,913 in closing costs. 

- 15 -

 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

c.  Exploration and evaluation expenditures 

Casino 

$ 

Canadian 
Creek
$

Total 

$ 

DECEMBER 31, 2017 

40,650,547 

Claims maintenance 
Engineering 
Permitting 
Salary and wages 
Share-based payments 

11,445 
213,630 
594,423 
365,615 
110,419 

DECEMBER 31, 2018 

41,946,079 

-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Acquisition costs 
Claims maintenance 
Engineering 
Exploration and camp support 
Permitting 
Salary and wages 
Share-based payments 

- 
4,963 
93,307 
3,003,005 
185,845 
260,903 
82,010 

2,798,913
-
-
-
-
-
-

40,650,547 

11,445 
213,630 
594,423 
365,615 
110,419 

41,946,079 

2,798,913 
4,963 
93,307 
3,003,005 
185,845 
260,903 
82,010 

DECEMBER 31, 2019 

45,576,112 

2,798,913

48,375,025 

7.  FLOW THROUGH PREMIUM LIABILITY 

The flow-through premium liability balance as at December 31, 2019 of $89,775 (December 31, 2018 
- Nil) arose in connection with the flow-through share offering the Company completed on May 17, 
2019. The reported amount is the remaining balance of the premium from issuing the flow-through 
shares.  The flow-through premium liability will be derecognized with a recovery in the statement of 
loss  pro-rata  with  the  amount  of  qualifying  flow-through  expenditures  that  are  incurred  by  the 
Company. 

The  Company  is  committed  to  incurring  on  or  before  December  31,  2020  qualifying  Canadian 
exploration expenses as defined under the Income Act, Canada ("Qualifying CEE") in the amount of 
$3,354,300 with respect to the flow-through share financing completed on May 17, 2019. None of the 
Qualifying CEE will be available to the Company for future deduction from taxable income. 

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had incurred approximately $3,009,300 of Qualifying CEE and 
accordingly, recognized flow-through premium recoveries of $767,435 during the year ended December 
31, 2019 (2018 - Nil). 

- 16 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

8.  SHARE CAPITAL 

a.  Authorized share capital 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares without par value and an 
unlimited number of preferred shares without par value. 

b.  Acquisition of mineral claims  

On  August  28,  2019,  Western  acquired  the  311  mineral  claims  that  comprise  the  Canadian  Creek 
Property from Cariboo Rose.  The Company issued 3 million common shares to Cariboo Rose valued at 
$0.92 per common share for an aggregate value of $2,760,000. 

c.  Financing 

On May 17, 2019, Western completed a brokered private placement of flow-through common shares 
(the “FT Shares”).  The Company issued a total of 3,727,000 FT Shares, comprised of (i) 3,333,333 FT 
Shares pursuant to the base offering and (ii) 393,667 FT Shares pursuant to the agent’s exercise of its 
option, at a price of $0.90 per FT Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,354,300.  Issuance costs 
related to the private placement totaled $341,660.  A flow-through premium liability was recorded in 
the amount of $857,210 (note 7). 

On February 8, 2018, Western issued 2,905,066 units at a price of $1.15 per unit for aggregate gross 
proceeds  of  $3,340,826.    Each  unit  consisted  of  one  common  share  and  half  of  a  non-transferable 
warrant.  Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at a price 
of $1.75 until February 8, 2020.  Issuance costs related to the financing totaled $152,825.   

The fair value assigned to the warrants was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model 
and the following inputs and assumptions: 

Warrants issued 
Exercise price 
Market price 
Expected term (years) 
Expected share price volatility 
Average risk-free interest rate 
Expected dividend yield 

1,452,533
$1.75
$1.10
2.0
63.8%
1.83%
-

FAIR VALUE ASSIGNED 

$319,000

- 17 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

9.  WARRANTS AND STOCK OPTIONS 

a.  Warrants 

The  Company  issued  1,452,533  warrants  on  February  8,  2018.    All  outstanding  warrants  have  an 
exercise price of $1.75 and a remaining contractual life of 0.11 years. 

DECEMBER 31, 2018 

1,452,533 

Number of
 warrants

Weighted average 
exercise price 
$ 
1.75 

Issued 

- 

DECEMBER 31, 2019* 

1,452,533 

- 

1.75 

*Above warrants expired subsequent to December 31, 2019. 

b.  Stock options 

Based on the Company’s stock option plan, most recently approved by the Company’s shareholders at 
the annual general meeting held on May 30, 2018, Western may issue stock options for the purchase 
of up to 10% of issued capital.  The exercise price of the stock options must be greater than, or equal 
to, the market value of the Company’s common shares on the last trading day immediately preceding 
the date of grant.  Stock options vest over a two year period from the date of grant unless otherwise 
determined by the directors.  The maximum stock option term is 10 years.  At December 31, 2019, the 
Company could issue an additional 4,613,599 stock options under the terms of the stock option plan.  

A summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding and the changes for the years then ended, is 
presented below: 

Number of
 stock options

DECEMBER 31, 2017 

4,283,335 

Granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited 

2,325,000 
(1,225,000)
(183,334)

DECEMBER 31, 2018 

5,200,001 

Granted 
Exercised 
Expired 
Forfeited 

2,075,000 
(125,000)
(850,000)
(150,000)

DECEMBER 31, 2019 

6,150,001 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
$ 
0.76 

1.20 
0.60 
1.16 

0.98 

0.87 
0.58 
0.90 
1.20 

0.96 

- 18 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Stock options outstanding are as follows: 

Stock options outstanding,  
by exercise price 

Number of
Stock options

Weighted average 
exercise price 

$0.50 – 0.67 
0.75 
0.90 
$0.96 
$1.20 

716,667
400,000
1,675,000
1,333,334
2,025,000

DECEMBER 31, 2019 

6,150,001

$ 
0.52 
0.75 
0.90 
0.96 
1.20 

0.96 

Average 
remaining 
contractual life
years
0.55
4.31
4.47
1.70
3.14

2.96

Of the total stock options outstanding, 3,400,001 were vested and exercisable at December 31, 2019.  
The  weighted  average  exercise  price  of  vested  stock  options  is  $0.96  and  the  average  remaining 
contractual life is 2.03 years. 

10.  SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS 

The following is a summary of stock options granted by the Company in 2019 and 2018 and fair value 
assigned to each grant.  The fair value was calculated at the time of grant using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model and the following inputs and assumptions.   

Inputs and assumptions 

June 18,
2019

April 23,
2019

February 21,
2018

Stock options granted 
Exercise price 

1,675,000
$0.90

400,000
$0.75

2,325,000
$1.20

Market price 
Expected option term (years) 
Expected stock price volatility 
Average risk-free interest rate 
Expected forfeiture rate 
Expected dividend yield 

$0.78
3.0
51.8%
1.36%
-
-

$0.72
3.0
51.6%
1.56%
-
-

$1.13
3.0
59.9%
1.94%
-
-

FAIR VALUE ASSIGNED 

$409,000

$100,000 $1,038,000

11.  COMMITMENTS 

The  Company  must  spend  approximately  $345,000  on  qualifying  Canadian  exploration  expenditures  by 
December  31,  2020.    Otherwise,  Western  is  required  to  pay  the  investors  who  purchased  flow-through 
shares the difference between the amount of tax they would have realized had the Company incurred all 
expenditures renounced in March 2020 by December 31, 2020, and the amount that the investors actually 
realized. 

- 19 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

12.  KEY MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION 

The  Company’s  related  parties  include  its  directors  and  officers,  who  are  the  key  management  of  the 
Company.  The remuneration of key management was as follows: 

For the year ended December 31, 

Salaries and director fees 
Share-based payments 

2019
$
832,566
367,133

2018 
$ 
830,698 
501,900 

KEY MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION 

1,199,699

1,332,598 

Share-based payments represent the fair value of stock options previously granted to directors and officers 
that was recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements during the years presented above. 

13.  SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION 

a.  Non-cash working capital items 

For the year ended December 31, 

Change in other assets 
Change in accrued interest 
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to operations 

2019 
$ 
(3,298) 
5,161 
(3,599) 

2018 
$ 
6,069 
12,109 
101,978 

CHANGE IN NON-CASH WORKING CAPITAL ITEMS 

(1,736) 

120,156 

b.  Non-cash investing activities 

The Company issued 3 million common shares with a fair value of $2,760,000 with respect to its 
acquisition of the Canadian Creek property. 

14.  SEGMENTED INFORMATION 

The  Company’s  operations  are  in one segment:  the  acquisition, exploration, and  future  development of 
mineral resource properties.  All interest income is earned in Canada and all assets are held in Canada.   

- 20 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

15.  INCOME TAXES 

a.  Rate reconciliation 

The income tax expense or recovery reported by the Company differs from the amounts obtained by 
applying statutory rates to the loss and comprehensive loss.  A reconciliation of the income tax provision 
computed at statutory rates to the reported income tax provision is provided below: 

For the year ended December 31, 

2019

2018 

Statutory tax rate 

Loss before taxes 

27.00% 

27.00% 

1,766,447

2,856,161 

Income tax recovery calculated at statutory rate

476,941

771,163 

Non-deductible expenditures 
Flow-through premium 
Other 
Unrecognized tax benefit 

INCOME TAX  

299,464
(207,207)
26,702
(595,900)

(200,062) 
- 
8,253 
(579,354) 

- 

- 

b.  Unrecognized deferred income tax asset 

Future potential tax deductions that are not used to offset deferred income tax liabilities are considered 
to  be  unrecognized  deferred  income  tax  assets.    The  significant  components  of  the  Company’s 
unrecognized deferred income tax asset are as follows: 

As at December 31, 

Mineral property interests 
Non-capital losses 
Property and equipment 
Other items 

2019
$
400,811
5,437,407
189,043
245,740

2018 
$ 
1,212,247 
4,848,123 
187,968 
180,194 

UNRECOGNIZED DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSET 

6,273,001

6,428,532 

The Company estimates that the realization of income tax benefits related to these deferred income 
tax assets is uncertain and cannot be considered to be probable.  Accordingly, no deferred income tax 
asset has been recorded. 

c.  Non-capital losses 

The Company has incurred non-capital losses that may be carried forward and used to reduce taxable 
income of future years.  These losses totaled $20.1 million as at December 31, 2019 (2018 - $18.0 
million) and will expire between 2030 and 2039. 

The Company has $34.8 million in Canadian exploration and development expenditures (2018 - $34.2 
million), and cumulative eligible capital and undepreciated capital cost balances totaling $1.25 million 
(2018  -  $1.24  million).    These  amounts  are  available  to  reduce  future  taxable  income  and  do  not 
expire. 

- 21 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

16.  CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The  Company  considers  capital  to  be  equity  attributable  to  common  shareholders,  comprised  of  share 
capital, contributed surplus, and deficit.  It is the Company’s objective to safeguard its ability to continue 
as a going concern so that it can continue to explore and develop mineral resource properties.   

The Company monitors its cash position and its short-term investments on a regular basis to determine 
whether sufficient funds are available to meet its short-term and long-term corporate objectives, and makes 
adjustments to its plans for changes in economic conditions, capital markets and the risk characteristics of 
the underlying assets.   

To maintain its objectives, the Company may attempt to issue new shares, seek debt financing, acquire or 
dispose of assets or change the timing of its planned exploration and development projects.  There is no 
assurance that these initiatives will be successful.   

There was no change in the Company’s approach to capital management during the year.  Western has no 
debt and does not pay dividends.  The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital. 

17.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT RISK 

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company’s risk 
management framework.  The Company has exposure to liquidity, credit, and market risk from the use of 
financial instruments.  Financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, 
marketable securities, certain other assets, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities. 

a.  Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will be unable to meet its financial obligations as they come 
due.  The Company uses cash forecasts to ensure that there is sufficient cash on hand to meet short-
term  business  requirements.    Cash  is  invested  in  highly  liquid  investments  which  are  available  to 
discharge obligations when they come due.  The Company does not maintain a line of credit.  

b.  Credit risk 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and 
cash equivalents and short-term investments.  These financial instruments are at risk to the extent that 
the institutions issuing or holding them cannot redeem amounts when they are due or requested.  To 
limit  its  credit  risk,  the  Company  uses  a  restrictive  investment  policy.    It  deposits  cash  and  cash 
equivalents in Canadian chartered banks and purchases short-term investments that are guaranteed 
by Canadian governments or by Canadian chartered banks. The carrying amount of financial assets 
recorded in the financial statements, net of any allowance for losses, represents Western’s maximum 
exposure to credit risk. 

c.  Market risk 

The  Company  is  exposed  to  market  risk  because  of  the  fluctuating  values  of  its  publicly  traded 
marketable securities.  The Company has no control over these fluctuations and does not hedge its 
investments.  Marketable securities are adjusted to fair value at each balance sheet date.  

- 22 -

 
 
 
Western Copper and Gold Corporation  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
 (Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

18.   SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

On February 28, 2020, the Company issued 3 million units at a price of $0.65 per unit for gross proceeds 
of $1.95 million.  Each unit consisted of one common share of the Company and half of one non-transferable 
warrant.  Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share of the Company at a price 
of $0.85 until February 28, 2025.  

- 23 -