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the 

admenergy plc 
(Formerly MX Oil plc)  

Annual Report and Accounts 2018 

Company number: 05311866 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 

ADM Energy plc 

CONTENTS 

REPORTS 

PAGE 

Company Information 

2018 Summary  

Chairman’s Report 

Strategic Report 

Board of Directors 

Directors' Report 

Corporate Governance 

Report on Directors’ Remuneration 

Report of the Independent Auditor 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Group Income Statement 

Group and Company Statements of Financial Position 

Group Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Group and Company Statements of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

2 

3 

4 

5 

8 

9 

11 

18 

19 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 

ADM Energy plc 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

DIRECTORS: 

REGISTERED OFFICE: 

COMPANY NUMBER: 

SECRETARY: 

NOMINATED ADVISER: 

BROKER: 

REGISTRARS: 

SOLICITORS: 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR: 

FINANCIAL PR 

Richard Carter (Non-Executive Chairman) 
Stefan Olivier (Chief Executive Officer) 
Sergio Lopez (Non-Executive Director) 

17th Floor 
Dashwood House 
69 Old Broad Street 
London 
EC2M 1QS 

05311866 

Shakespeare Martineau LLP 

Cairn Financial Advisers LLP 
Cheyne House, Crown Court 
62-63 Cheapside 
London 
EC2V 6AX 

Pello Capital Limited 
4th Floor 
18 St Swithin’s Lane 
London 
EC4N 8AD 

Computershare Investor Services Plc 
The Pavilions 
Bridgwater Road 
Bristol 
BS99 7NH 

Keystone Law Ltd 
48 Chancery Lane 
London 
WC2A 1LF 

Haysmacintyre LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
Chartered Accountants 
10 Queen Street Place 
London 
EC4R 1AG 

Luther Pendragon 
48 Gracechurch Street 
London 
EC3V 0EJ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 

ADM Energy plc 

2018 SUMMARY 

HIGHLIGHTS 

•  Revenue increased 82% to £3.1m (2017: £1.7m)  
• 
•  Aje Field asset, in which ADM Energy holds 5% equity investment, continued to perform well: 

Loss after tax reduced to £849,000 (2017: £3.4m loss) 

o  Oil is being produced at a stable rate from two wells in the Aje Field (Aje-4 and Aje-5), part 

of OML 113  

o  Two wells achieved a total produced volume of approximately 1,200,000 barrels of oil in 

2018 

o  Combined production from the two wells (as of April 2019) approximately 3,100 bopd (155 

bopd net to ADM Energy)    

o  Significant  increase  in  reserves  outlined  by  the  Competent  Person’s  Report  (“CPR”) 

completed in 2018 and updated in April 2019 

o  Renewal  of  the  OML  113  licence  for  another  20  years  approved  by  the  Minister  of 

Petroleum Resources 

o  Field Development Plan ("FDP") for the Turonian Aje gas project approved by the Nigerian 

Government 

o  Plan for the next phase of the Aje Field expansion is being developed 

POST PERIOD 

• 

In  March  2019,  Aje  completed  its  10th  lifting,  equating  to  17,323  barrels  sold  by  the  joint 
operators at $66.97 per barrel. At the project level, the Company's investment produced $1.16m 
revenue and net profit of approximately $600,000   

•  Aje partnership has fully paid the $9.8m licence renewal fee, thereby securing a 20 year extension 

• 

of OML 113 (Aje Field) licence 
In  April  2019,  the  Private  office  of  His  Highness  Shaikh  Ahmed  Bin  Dalmook  Al  Maktoum 
subscribed for 1,335,000,000 shares (equating to £534,000) and, as a result, holds  29.86% of the 
Company's shares 

•  The Company changed its name from MX Oil to ADM Energy 
•  Consolidated the ordinary shares on the basis of 1 share for every 100 shares, thereby reducing 
the number of shares in issue, after the issue of 36 shares, from 4,471,349,700 to 44,713,497 (the 
"Consolidation") 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4 

ADM Energy plc 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

Introduction 

During  the  year,  ADM  Energy  plc  continued  to  pursue  its 
strategy as an oil and gas investing company and is focused 
principally on its investment in  Nigeria.  At the same time, 
we  continue  to  evaluate  new  opportunities  in  order  to 
expand the investment portfolio of ADM Energy. 

Review of activities 

During the year, the two wells in the Aje Field within block 
OML  113  continued  to  produce  at  very  steady  rates  with 
very limited decline.    

In 2018, the first Competent Person’s Report (“CPR”) since 
July  2014  was  completed  on  the  Aje  Field. 
  This 
incorporated all the developments and new data generated 
by the project since the drilling of the Aje-5 well and its two 
side tracks. 

in  April  2019 

As a result of production levels ahead of expectations at the 
Aje-4  and  Aje-5  wells  during  2018,  a  revised  CPR  was 
produced 
further  enhance  our 
understanding of the field. The level of reserves reported in 
the  CPR  update  of  2019  represents  a  further  increase  in 
particular  to  the  recoverable  oil  estimates  which  we 
consider to be the best reflection for return on investment 
and cash generation.  

to 

Now that the Company has received the updated 2019 CPR, 
work is currently underway to develop the hydrocarbons in 
both the Turonian and Cenomanian.  At the same time, the 
Aje partners were able to renew the production licence for 
a  further  20  years.    Modelling  work  on  the  best  and  most 
profitable  development  scenario  is  still  underway.  The 
Company  expects  to  see  further  development  drilling  in 
2020.  The  partnership  has  a  strategy  to  develop  the 
hydrocarbon  reserves  from  Aje  with  the  highest  return  on 
investment.  As reported in the update on 15 April 2019, we 
anticipate  that  the  Aje  investment  should  start  producing 
positive cashflow from 2020, a significant milestone for the 
Company. 

Post-period,  on  15  April  2019,  we  were  pleased  to 
announce  that  the  private  office  of  His  Highness  Shaikh 
Ahmed Bin Dalmook Al Maktoum acquired  29.86% by way 
of  issue  of  new  shares.  His  Highness  has  subsequently,  in 
June  2019,  been  appointed  to  the  position  of  President  of 
the Company, with the name changing to ADM Energy plc. 
This is a significant and very exciting moment for us as His 
Highness  intends  to  leverage  his  network  and  bring  new 
opportunities  and  contacts  to  ADM  Energy.  The  Company 
has  offered  his  strategic 
in 
anticipation  that  His  Highness  may  be  able  to  add 
considerable  value  through  his  knowledge,  network, 
experience and access to capital. 

investor  a  Board  seat 

“His Highness intends to leverage his 
network and bring new opportunities 
and contacts to ADM Energy” 

Outlook 

In  summary,  the  ongoing  development  of  Aje  and  the 
support  of  such  a  high  profile  strategic  investor  should 
make  the  next  12  months  an  exciting  and  transformative 
year for ADM Energy.  

Our  strategy  is  to  build  a  larger,  balanced  portfolio  of 
projects in line with its investing strategy. ADM Energy will 
aim  to  identify  investment  opportunities  in  undervalued 
production  and  near-production  assets,  primarily  in  Africa. 
The  recruitment  process  for  key  executive  management 
positions  and 
is 
underway to provide additional support for what the Board 
believes  is  a  significant  opportunity  to  grow  the  business 
and create value for shareholders. 

independent  non-executive  directors 

Richard Carter  
Non-Executive Chairman  
27 June 2019  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 

ADM Energy plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

The Directors present their Strategic Report for the Group for the year ended 31 December 2018. The Chairman’s Report on page 
4 forms part of this report. The Company is an investing company quoted on AIM.  Its principal focus is investing in the natural 
resources sector, particularly in oil and gas where it believes that it can make an attractive return for shareholders.  The Company 
expects  to  generate  returns  for  shareholders  through  the  development  of  its  investments.    Currently,  the  Company’s  principal 
investment  is  in  the  Nigerian  offshore  licence  OML  113  and  to  date  the  Company  has  been  involved  with  maintaining  and 
progressing its investment in OML 113 together with the joint operators from the development stage through to production. It is 
therefore  expected  that  a  return  to 
shareholders  will  be  delivered  principally 
through capital growth. 

AJE FIELD 

Principal  activities  and  review  of  the 
business during the year 

Aje Field 

In 2018, operations at the OML 113 licence 
continued 
to  make  good  progress, 
underpinned by strong performance of the 
Turonian  and  Cenomanian  reservoirs  in 
line  with 
partners' 
expectations.  

operating 

the 

Combined  production  from  the  two  wells 
in the Aje Field within block OML 113, Aje-
4  and  Aje-5,  has,  as  of  April  2019, 
stabilised at around 3,100 bopd (155 bopd 
net to ADM Energy). In total, the two wells 
achieved  production  of  approximately 
1,200,000 barrels of oil in 2018. 

Material Increase in Aje Field Reserves  

In  2018,  the  partners  commissioned  an 
updated CPR - the first since July 2014 - to 
re-evaluate the Aje Field and gain a better 
understanding of its hydrocarbon reserves. 
This  CPR  deployed  new  data  about  the 
underlying  reservoir  and  related  geology 
generated  since  the  drilling  of  the  Aje-5 
well  and  its  two  side  tracks  (Aje-5ST1  and 
Aje-5ST2).  

The  CPR  was  completed  by  AGR  TRACS 
International  Limited  (“AGR  TRACS”)  in 
April  2018  for  the  period  to  31  December 
2017. 
It  revealed  that  the  partners’ 
operations in the Aje Field since 2016 had 
in  the 
unlocked  a  material 
project’s reserves and resource position.  

increase 

ADM  Energy  holds  a  5%  equity  investment  in  the  Aje 
Field  in  OML  113,  which  covers  an  area  of  835  sq  km 
offshore  Nigeria.  Aje  has  multiple  oil,  gas  and  gas 
condensate reservoirs in the Turonian, Cenomanian and 
Albian sandstones with five wells drilled to date. 

As a result of production levels ahead of expectations at the Aje-4 and Aje-5 wells during 2018, a revised CPR was produced in 
April 2019 to further enhance the partners’ understanding of the Aje Field using production history up to 31 December 2018.  

The reserves reported in this latest CPR and from the 2018 CPR, completed by AGR TRACS, are summarised in the table below: 

Reserves 

1P Proven Reserves 
2P Proven and Probable Reserves 
3P Proven, Probable and Possible Reserves 

2019 

Gross 
MMboe 

82.4 
138.2 
220.8 

2019 
Net entitlement 
 to MXO 
MMboe 

5.2 
8.9 
12.8 

2018 

Gross 
MMboe 

78.2 
127.1 
215.0 

2018 
Net entitlement 
 to MXO 
MMboe 

5.0 
8.2 
12.7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
6 

ADM Energy plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

The level of reserves reported in the 2019 CPR update represented a further material increase compared to the previous report 
and  highlighted  the  future  potential  of  the  Aje  Field.  Whilst  the  increase  in  the  overall  reserves  estimate  from  the  2018  CPR  is 
modest,  the  2P  recoverable  oil  reserves  relating  to  the  two  producing  wells  have  risen  significantly  from  2.96  MMbbls  gross  in 
2018 to 4.73 MMbbls gross in 2019, a 60% increase despite the field having produced over 1m gross barrels over the course of 
2018.   

These CPR results confirm the commerciality of the Aje gas development, highlighting the need for a revision of the development 
plan  once  the  field  development  scenario  studies  are  completed.  This  will  underpin  a  final  investment  decision  on  the 
development of the Aje reserves in the future. 

In  estimating  reserves,  contingent  and  prospective  resources  AGR  TRACS  has  used  the  standard  petroleum  engineering 
techniques.  These  estimates  are  based  on  the  joint  definitions  of  the  Society  of  Petroleum  Engineers,  the  World  Petroleum 
Congress, the American Association of Petroleum Geologists and the 2007 PRMS (Petroleum Resources Management System). 

The updated CPR announcement released  by the Company on 30 April 2019 and 2 May 2019 was reviewed by Wim Burgers, a 
qualified production geologist with more than 40 years' experience in the oil and gas industry, who has also reviewed the  AGR 
TRACS report to which it relates. 

Field Development Plan  

A Field Development Plan for the Turonian Aje gas project was approved by the Nigerian Government in 2018. The FDP comprises 
several  production  wells  in  the  Turonian,  tied  back  to  existing  and  new  infrastructure.    Consequently,  in  October  2018,  the 
partners  in  the  licence  commissioned  the  preparation  of  static  and  dynamic  modelling  work  by  RPS  Energy  Consultants  Ltd 
(“RPS”), to conduct an assessment of the potential development activity associated with the additional upside oil resources.  The 
assessment was completed in April 2019. 

Licence Renewal  

The operator of the offshore licence in Nigeria, OML 113 has received consent from the Minister of Petroleum Resources for its 
renewal for another term of 20 years. The renewal is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including a commitment to 
develop the gas potential of the licence. In addition, the Aje partners have now  paid the $9.8m licence renewal fee in full. 

Financial Review 

Results and Dividends 

For the year ended 31 December 2018, the Group increased revenue by 82% to £3.1m (2017: £1.7m). Loss after taxation reduced 
to  £849,000  (2017:  £3,435,000  loss).  The  Directors  do  not  propose  a  dividend  (2017:  £nil).  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  as  at  31 
December 2018 was £216,000 (31 December 2017: £50,000). 

Funding 

During the period, the Group raised additional equity of £1.5 million in two fundraisings. On 15 April 2019, the Group announced a 
placing  to  raise  £680,000  before  expenses,  through  the  issue  of  1,700,000,000  new  ordinary  shares  at  0.04p  per  share.  In 
connection with the placing, 800,000,000 warrants have been issued to the placees with an exercise price of 0.04p per share for a 
term of five years.   In the short term the Group will require additional funding in order to meet its liabilities as they fall due and 
have a reasonable expectation that additional equity finance can be raised in order to continue in operational  existence for the 
foreseeable future.  

Outlook 

The updated CPR report in 2019 provided an accurate and in-depth analysis of the Aje Field asset, with an increase in the level of 
reserves  highlighting  the  future  potential  of  the  Aje  Field.  Based  on  the  current  performance  of  wells  Aje-4  and  Aje-5,  and 
assuming  no  significant  increase  in  the  Company's  overheads,  ADM  Energy  expects  to  become  cashflow  positive  in  2020,  a 
significant  milestone  for  the  Company.    In  addition  to  the  progress  at  Aje,  the  support  received  from  the  Private  office  of  His 
Highness Shaikh Ahmed Bin Dalmook Al Maktoum, and subsequent appointment as President, will add considerable experience, 
enhanced networks, knowledge, and access to capital. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7 

ADM Energy plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

Key Performance Indicators (“KPIs”) 

The Group’s activity is that of an investing company and the Directors focus principally on the  development of the  Group’s  net 
asset value.  

The key performance indicators are therefore set out below:   

GROUP STATISTICS 

Net asset value 

Net asset value – fully diluted per share 

Closing share price 

Market capitalisation 

Key Risks and Uncertainties 

As at 31 December 2018 

As at 31 December 2017 

£15,164,000 

£14,199,000 

0.51p 

0.06p 

0.86p 

0.53p 

£1,663,000 

£8,775,000 

Early  stage  investments  in  the  natural  resources  sector  carry  a  high  level  of  risk  and  uncertainty,  although  the  rewards  can  be 
outstanding.  At this stage, there can be no certainty of outcome and, in addition, there is often a lack of liquidity in the Group’s 
investments which can be either unquoted or quoted, such that the Group may have difficulty in realising the full value in a forced 
sale.  Accordingly, a commitment is only made after thorough research into both the management and the business of the target, 
both of which are closely monitored thereafter.  Details of other financial risks and their management are given in Note 19 to the 
financial statements. 

Oil  prices  are  subject  to  international  supply  and  demand  and  margins  can  be  volatile.  Political  developments,  increased  supply 
from new oil sources, technological change, global economic conditions and the influence of OPEC can impact supply and demand 
and  prices  for  our  oil.  Decreases  in  oil  prices  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  revenue,  margins,  profitability  and  cash  flows. 
Exchange rate fluctuations can also create currency exposures and impact underlying costs and revenues.  

Going Concern 

The partners involved in the OML 113 licence were able to renew the licence for 20 years.  The Group has raised equity finance 
post year end to provide for ongoing working capital and the Directors have prepared cashflow forecasts supporting the use of the 
going  concern  basis  of  accounting.    However,  in  the  short  term  the  Group  will  require  additional  funding  in  order  to  meet  its 
liabilities as they fall due.  Against this background and, as disclosed in Note 2, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that 
the  Group  has  the  ability  to  raise  the  additional  equity  finance  required  in  order  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the 
foreseeable  future  and  they  therefore  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  in  preparing  these  Financial 
Statements. However, given the uncertainty surrounding the ability and likely timing of securing such finance the Directors are of 
the opinion that a material uncertainty exists that may cast doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) 

The AGM of ADM Energy plc will be held at 10.00 am on Friday 2 August 2019 at the offices of Keystone Law, 48 Chancery Lane, 
London  WC2A  1JF.    The  formal notice  of  the  AGM  and  resolutions  to  be  proposed  are  set  out  in  the  Notice  of  Annual  General 
Meeting on the Company's investor relations website at www.admenergyplc.com. 

On behalf of the Board. 
Stefan Olivier 
Director 
27 June 2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 

ADM Energy plc 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

RICHARD CARTER 
Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
Richard  (ACMA) joined  ADM  Energy  Plc  as  a  Non-Executive  Director  in  July  2016.  He 
has  extensive  experience  of  raising  funds  for  public  and  private  companies  and  has 
worked  across  media,  telecoms,  engineering  and  energy  sectors  in  various  senior 
roles. In September 2014, Richard joined  Gate Ventures  plc, an investment company 
focused  on  media  and  entertainment  projects.  As  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Richard 
oversees all investment transactions of Gate Ventures plc and serves on the boards of 
its  investee  companies  Infinity  House  Productions,  Ensygnia  IP  Ltd,  and  Playjam 
technology  and 
Holding  Ltd. 
telecommunications start up, Avanti Communications Group plc  and was responsible 
for setting up the company's financial function, operations and processes and internal 
and external reporting procedures. In 2004, Mr. Carter joined International Publishing 
Company Limited (now Time Inc. UK Limited), where he worked closely with publishing 
editors to help drive revenue and reduce costs. 

In  2007,  Mr.  Carter 

joined  AIM  quoted 

STEFAN OLIVIER 
Chief Executive Officer 
Stefan has been CEO since he founded ADM Energy Plc (previously MX Oil Plc) in early 
2014.  Stefan  has  worked  on  a  large  number  of  oil  transactions  during  his  thirteen 
years in Corporate Broking. Stefan has spent the last eight years focused on financing 
natural resources transactions via both equity and debt. 

SERGIO LOPEZ 
Independent Non-Executive Director 
Sergio  has  been  in  the  oil  and  gas  industry  for  the  last  13  years  with  experience 
ranging  from  finances  to  operations.  Lewis  Energy  Group  appointed  Sergio  as  its 
Mexico  Country  Manager  to  coordinate  a  15  year  E&P  contract  with  Pemex,  which 
represented  the  first  move  by  an  American  independent  oil  and  gas  company  into 
Mexico since 1938. He negotiated a special budget to drill the first exploratory Eagle 
Ford  Shale  well  in  Mexico,  named  Emergente-1.  This  resulted  in  the  first  and  only 
producer in the Eagle Ford Shale in Mexico called Habano. He earned his Bachelor  in 
Business  Administration  in  Accounting  and  Finances  from  the  Tecnologico  de 
Monterrey in Mexico. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9 

ADM Energy plc 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

The Directors present their annual report on the affairs of the Group, together with the financial statements for the year ended 31 
December 2018. 

Certain information required by the Companies Act 2006 relating to the information to be provided in the Directors’ Report is set 
out in the Strategic Report and includes principal activity, future developments and principal risks and uncertainties. 

DIRECTORS 

The Board comprised the following directors who served throughout the year and up to the date of this report unless otherwise 
stated. 

Stefan Olivier 

Nicholas Lee 
Sergio Lopez 
Nigel Bruce McKim 
Richard Carter  

Resigned 22 October 2018 

With effect from 13 January 2019, Nigel McKim resigned as a director. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS 

Set out below are the Directors’ beneficial holdings of ordinary shares in the Company as at 31 December 2018.  Their interests in 
the Company’s share warrants are included in the Report on Directors’ Remuneration. Updated percentage of capital as at 27 June 
2019. 

Name of director 
Stefan Olivier 
Richard Carter 

Ordinary shares of 
0.01p each 
Number 
630,000 
120,000 

Percentage 
 of capital 
% 
1.35% 
0.26% 

Shareholdings have been adjusted for the 1 for 100 share consolidation approved by the shareholders on 7 June 2019. 

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDINGS 
The only interests in excess of 3% of the issued share capital of the Company which have been notified to the Company as at 27 
June 2019 were as follows: 

Name of shareholder 
Shaikh Ahmed Bin Dalmook Al Maktoum Private Office Single Person 
Company LLC 
Lesoza Enterprise Limited 
Zhang Hao 
Winrose International Limited 

Ordinary shares of 
0.01p each 
Number 

Percentage 
 of capital 
% 

13,350,000 
3,225,000 
3,098,479 
2,225,000 

28.70% 
6.93% 
6.66% 
4.78% 

Shareholdings have been adjusted for the 1 for 100 share consolidation approved by the shareholders on 7 June 2019. 

POST YEAR END EVENTS 

On  15  April  2019,  the  Group  announced  a  placing  to  raise  £680,000  before  expenses,  through  the  issue  of  1,700,000,000  new 
ordinary shares at 0.04p per share.  In connection with the placing, 800,000,000 warrants have been issued to the placees with an 
exercise price of 0.04p per share for a term of five years. 

On 7 June 2019 the shareholders approved a 1 for 100 share consolidation and the change of the Company’s name to ADM Energy 
plc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 

ADM Energy plc 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the report of the directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable 
law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Group and Company financial statements for each financial year.  The Directors 
are  required  by  the  AIM  Rules  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  to  prepare  group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted  by the European Union (“EU”) and have also elected to prepare 
the  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  IFRS  as  adopted  by  the  EU.    Under  company  law,  the  directors  must  not 
approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs and profit or 
loss of the company and group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

•  make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

•  state whether applicable IFRSs have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial 

statements; and 

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will continue 

in business. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the  Group’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group and enable them to ensure that 
the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group 
and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

In the case of each person who was a director at the time, this report was approved: 

• 

• 

so far as that director is aware there is no relevant audit information of which the Group’s auditor is unaware; and  

that  director  has  taken  all  steps  that  the  director  ought  to  have  taken  as  a  director  to  make  himself  aware  of  any  relevant 
audit information and to establish that the Group’s auditor is aware of that information. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information  included  on  the 
Group's  website.    Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of  financial  statements  may 
differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.  

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

With effect from 28 September 2018, new corporate governance regulations apply to all AIM quoted companies and require the 
Company to:  

•  provide details of a recognised corporate governance code that the board of directors has decided to apply; and 

•  explain how the Company complies with that code, and where it departs from its chosen corporate governance code provide 

an explanation of the reasons for doing so. 

The  Directors  recognise  the  importance  of  sound  corporate  governance  while  taking  into  account  the  Group’s  size  and  stage  of 
development and the following two sections explain the Company’s compliance with the new regulations. 

AUDITORS 

A resolution to re-appoint Haysmacintyre LLP as auditors will be put to the AGM.   

On behalf of the Board. 

Stefan Olivier 
Director 

27 June 2019 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 

ADM Energy plc 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

INTRODUCTION 

All members of the Board believe strongly in the value and importance of good corporate governance and in accountability to all 
of  ADM  Energy’s  stakeholders.  The  statement  below,  explains  the  approach  to  governance,  and  how  the  Board  and  its 
Committees operate. 

Changes  to  the  AIM  Rules  on  30  March  2018  required  AIM  companies  to  apply  a  recognised  corporate  governance  code  by  28 
September 2018. 

The  corporate  governance  framework  which  the  Company  operates,  including  board  leadership  and  effectiveness,  board 
remuneration, and internal control is based upon practices which the Board believes are proportional to the size, risks, complexity 
and  operations  of  the  business  and  is  reflective  of  the  Group’s  values.  Of  the  two  widely  recognised  formal  codes,  we  have 
therefore decided to adhere to the Quoted Companies Alliance’s (QCA) Corporate Governance Code for small and mid-size quoted 
companies (revised in April 2018 to meet the new requirements of AIM Rule 26). 

The  QCA  Code  is  constructed  around  ten  broad  principles  and  a  set  of  disclosures.  The  QCA  has  stated  what  it  considers  to  be 
appropriate arrangements for growing companies and asks companies to provide an explanation about how they are meeting the 
principles  through  the  prescribed  disclosures.  We  have  considered  how  we  apply  each  principle  to  the  extent  that  the  Board 
judges these to be appropriate in the circumstances, and below we provide an explanation of the approach taken in relation to 
each. 

The following paragraphs set out the Company’s compliance with the ten principles of the QCA Code.  

•  Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders 

The Company is an investing company quoted on AIM.  Its principal focus is investing in the natural resources sector, particularly 
in oil and gas where it believes that it can make an attractive return for shareholders.  The Company expects to generate returns 
for shareholders through  the development of its investments.  Currently, the Company’s  principal investment is in the Nigerian 
offshore licence OML 113 and to date the Company has been involved with maintaining and progressing its investment in OML 
113 together with the joint operators from the development stage through to production. It is therefore expected that a return to 
shareholders will be delivered principally through capital growth. 

The Board recognises that a challenge of the natural resource sector is the significant time and financial investment often required 
to commercialise a resource or reserve. In respect of OML 113, the Company is a small but important stakeholder and therefore a 
key challenge is to continually appraise the OML 113 opportunity from a financial and technical standpoint and to ensure that all 
further investment in this asset delivers realistic value opportunities for all shareholders. 

•  Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

The Board is committed to maintaining good communication and having constructive dialogue with its shareholders. Shareholders 
have  the  opportunity  to  discuss  issues  and  provide  feedback  at  meetings  with  the  Company.  In  addition,  all  shareholders  are 
encouraged to attend the Company’s Annual General Meeting.  Investors also have access to current information on the Company 
though  its  website,  www.admenergyplc.com and  via  Stefan  Olivier,  CEO  who  is  available  to  answer  investor  relations  enquiries 
and can be contacted on stefan@admenergyplc.com or enquiries@admenergyplc.com.  

•  Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success 

The Board recognises that the long-term success of the Company is reliant upon the efforts of its directors and employees, the 
efforts and activities of the joint operation partners and upon their contractors, suppliers and regulators.  The Board has put in 
place  a  range  of  processes  and  systems  to  ensure  that  there  is  close  Board  oversight  and  contact  with  its  key  resources  and 
relationships. 

As an investing company, the Company recognises that it is likely further investment will be required as it develops the OML 113 
asset and its portfolio of other investments. Accordingly, ensuring that the Company continually understands the requirements of 
shareholders in the context of the broader developments in its sector of operation is extremely important. 

The Company’s CEO is in regular dialogue with a number of the Company’s shareholders, and feedback from this contact is used to 
shape subsequent communication with shareholders as a whole and the market more generally. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12 

ADM Energy plc 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

•  Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation 

In  addition  to  its  other  roles  and  responsibilities,  the  Audit  and  Compliance  Committee  (see  composition  details  in  Corporate 
Governance section of website,  www.admenergyplc.com, is responsible  to the Board for ensuring that procedures are in place, 
and are being effectively implemented to identify, evaluate  and manage the significant risks faced by the Company.  Within the 
scope of the annual audit, specific financial risks are evaluated in detail, including in relation to foreign currency, interest rates, 
liquidity and credit.  

In terms of investment appraisal, this process is usually led by the CEO.  The opportunities are then presented and discussed by 
the Board as a whole.  Where necessary, the Company will also involve third party experts in the overall appraisal process. 

The Directors have  established  procedures, as represented by this statement, for the purpose of providing a system of internal 
control. In addition, there are a range of Company policies that are reviewed at least annually by the Board. These policies cover 
matters  such  as  share  dealing  and  insider  legislation.  The  Board  currently  takes  the  view  that  an  internal  audit  function  is  not 
considered  necessary  or  practical  due  to  the  size  of  the  Company  and  the  close  day  to  day  control  exercised  by  the 
Directors.  However, the Board will continue to monitor the need for an internal audit function. 

The annual review of internal control and financial reporting procedures did not highlight any issues warranting the introduction 
of an internal audit function. It was concluded, given the current size and transparency of the operations of the Company, that an 
internal audit function was not required. 

As  noted  in  the  Strategic  Report  on  pages  5-7,  the  Board  regularly  reviews  operating  and  strategic  risks  and  considers  in  such 
reviews financial and non-financial information including: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

a review of the business at each Board meeting, focusing on any new decisions/risks arising; 
the performance of investments; 
selection criteria of new investments; and 
reports prepared by third parties. 

•  Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 

The  QCA  Code  requires  that  the  boards  of  AIM  companies  have  an  appropriate  balance  between  executive  and  non-executive 
directors of which at least two should be independent. 

The  Board  comprises  the  Non-Executive  Chairman  Richard  Carter,  CEO  Stefan  Olivier  and  Independent  Non-Executive  Director 
Sergio Lopez. The time commitment formally required by the Company is an overriding principal that each director will devote as 
much time as is required to carry out the roles and responsibilities that the director has agreed to take on. Biographical details of 
the current directors are set out within Principle Six below and on page 8. Executive and non-executive directors are subject to re-
election  intervals  as  prescribed  in  the  Company’s  Articles  of  Association.  At  each  Annual  General  Meeting,  one-third  of  the 
Directors, who are subject to retirement by rotation shall retire from office. They can then offer themselves for re-election. The 
letters  of  appointment  of  all  directors  are  available  for  inspection  at  the  Company’s  registered  office  during  normal  business 
hours. 

The Directors’ receive fees for their services as directors which are approved by the Board, being mindful of the time commitment 
and responsibilities of their roles and of current market rates for comparable organisations and appointments. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the  Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and enable them to ensure 
that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the 
Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The  Board  meets  as  regularly  as  necessary.  It  has  established  an  Audit  and  Compliance  Committee  and  a  Remuneration 
Committee,  particulars  of  which  appear  hereafter.   Appointments  to  the  Board  are  made  by  the  Board  as  a  whole  and  so  the 
Company has not created a Nominations Committee. 

The Board retains full control of the Company with day-to-day operational control delegated to the CEO and other Directors.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13 

ADM Energy plc 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

•  Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

All members of the Board bring either relevant sector experience or public market’s experience which the Company considers to 
be fundamentally important in its chosen area of operation and investment appraisal process. The Board believes that its blend of 
relevant  experience,  skills  and  personal  qualities  and  capabilities  is  sufficient  to  enable  it  to  successfully  execute  its  strategy. 
Please see biographies of the Board of Directors on page 8. 

•  Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 

Internal evaluation of the Board, its Committees and individual directors is important and will develop as the Company grows in 
the  future.   The  expectation  is  that  Board  reviews  will  be  undertaken  on  an  annual  basis  to  determine  the  effectiveness  and 
performance in various areas as well as the directors’ continued independence 

•  Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

The Board recognises that its decisions regarding strategy and risk will impact the corporate culture of the Company as a whole 
and that this will impact the performance of the Company. The Board is very aware that the tone and culture set by the Board will 
greatly impact all aspects of the Company as a whole. Therefore, the importance of sound ethical values and behaviour is crucial 
to the ability of the Company to successfully achieve its corporate objectives. The Board places great importance on this aspect of 
corporate life and seeks to ensure that this flows through all that the Company does.  The Board assessment of the culture within 
the  Company  at  the  present  time  is  one  where  there  is  respect  for  all  individuals,  open  dialogue  within  the  Company  and  a 
commitment to best practice. 

The Company has also adopted an anti-bribery policy which is clearly set out on the Company’s website.  

•  Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by the Board 

The Board schedule provides for six board meetings per annum and, in addition, meets ad-hoc as required.  Notwithstanding the 
above,  the  Board  and  its  Committees  receive  appropriate  and  timely  information  prior  to  each  meeting;  a  formal  agenda  is 
produced  for  each  meeting,  and  Board  and  Committee  papers  are  distributed  several  days  before  meetings  take  place.  Any 
Director may challenge Company proposals and decisions are taken democratically after discussion. Any Director who feels that 
any concern remains unresolved after discussion may ask for that concern to be noted in the minutes of the meeting, which are 
then circulated to all Directors. Any specific actions arising from such meetings are agreed by the Board or relevant Committee 
and then followed up by the Company’s management. 

The Audit and  Compliance  Committee monitors  the  integrity  of  financial  statements,  oversees  risk  management  and  control, 
monitors  the  effectiveness  of  the  internal  audit  function  and  reviews  external  auditor  independence.   It  also  ensures  that  the 
Company is compliant with its relevant regulatory requirements. 

The Non-Executive Chairman has overall responsibility for corporate governance and in promoting high standards throughout the 
group. He leads and chairs the Board, ensuring that committees are properly structured and operate with appropriate terms of 
reference, ensures that performance of individual directors, the board and its committees are reviewed on a regular basis, leads in 
the development of strategy and setting objectives, and oversees communication between the group and its shareholders.  

The Executive Director is responsible for implementing and delivering the strategy and operational decisions agreed by the board, 
making operational and financial decisions required in the day-to-day operation of the group, providing executive leadership to 
managers, championing the group’s core values and promoting talent management.  

The Non-Executive Directors contribute independent thinking and judgement through the application of their external experience 
and knowledge, scrutinise the performance of management, provide constructive challenge to the executive directors and ensure 
that the group is operating within the governance and risk framework approved by the Board. 

The  Board  has  approved  the  adoption  of  the  QCA  Code  as  its  governance  framework  against  which  this  statement  has  been 
prepared and will monitor the suitability of this code on an annual basis and revise its governance framework as appropriate as 
the group evolves. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14 

ADM Energy plc 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

•  Communicate  how  the  Company  is  governed  and  is  performing  by  maintaining  a  dialogue  with  shareholders  and  other 

relevant stakeholders 

The Company communicates with shareholders through its period announcement, the Annual Report and Accounts, full-year and 
half-year  announcements,  the  AGM  and  one-to-one  meetings  with  large  existing  or  potential  new  shareholders.  A  range  of 
corporate information (including all Company announcements and presentations) is also available to shareholders, investors and 
the public on the Company’s corporate website, www.admenergyplc.com. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15 

ADM Energy plc 

CHAIRMAN’S CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

The Board is committed, where  practicable, to developing and applying high  standards of corporate governance appropriate to 
the Company’s size and stage of development.  The Board seeks to apply where appropriate the QCA Code, revised in April 2018 
as devised by the Quoted Companies Alliance. 

The  QCA  Code  is  constructed  around  ten  broad  principles  and  a  set  of  disclosures.  The  Code  states  what  is  considered  to  be 
appropriate arrangements for growing companies and asks companies to provide an explanation about how they are meeting the 
principles through the prescribed disclosures.   

BOARD STRUCTURE  

The Board has three directors, two of whom are non-executive. The Board is responsible for the management of the business of 
the Company, setting its strategic direction and establishing appropriate policies. It is the Directors’ responsibility to oversee the 
financial  position  of  the  Company  and  monitor  its  business  and  affairs,  on  behalf  of  the  shareholders,  to  whom  they  are 
accountable. The primary duty of the Board is to act in the best interests of the Company at all times. The Board also addresses 
issues relating to internal controls and risk management. The non-executive directors bring a wide range of skills and experience 
to the Company, as well as independent judgment on strategy, risk and performance. The independence of each non-executive 
director is assessed at least annually, and all of the non-executive directors are considered to be independent at the date of this 
report. 

The roles of the Chairman and CEO are separate, with their roles and responsibilities clearly divided and recorded. A summary of 
their roles is as follows: 

The Chairman is responsible for leadership of the Board, ensuring its effectiveness and setting its agenda. The Chairman facilitates 
the effective contribution and performance of all Board members whilst identifying any development needs of the Board. He also 
ensures that there is sufficient and effective communication with shareholders to understand their issues and concerns. 

The CEO is responsible for executing the strategy agreed by the Board and developing the Group objectives through leadership of 
the  senior  executive  team.  He  will  recommend  to  the  Board  any  investment  or  new  business  opportunities  which  meet  this 
strategy. He also ensures that the Group’s risks are adequately addressed and appropriate internal controls are in place. The CEO 
is responsible for meeting with shareholders and ensuring effective communication. 

ATTENDANCE AT MEETINGS 

It is expected that all Directors attend Board and relevant Committee meetings, unless they are prevented from doing so by prior 
commitments, and that all Directors will attend the AGM. 

During the year the Board met 4 times and all the Directors attended the meetings. 

BOARD COMMITTEES  

Remuneration Committee  

The Remuneration Committee consists of Richard Carter (Committee Chairman) and Sergio Lopez. It is responsible for reviewing 
the  performance  of  the  senior  executives  and  for  determining  their  levels  of  remuneration.  The  Committee  makes 
recommendations to the Board, within agreed terms of reference regarding the levels of remuneration and benefits. 

Remuneration Committee Report 

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present the Remuneration Committee report for the financial period ended 31 December 
2018. This report sets out the activities of the Audit Committee during 2018. 

The Committee met 1 time during the year to determine the remuneration arrangements of the Directors and senior employees. 

Remuneration policy 
The  Committee  aims  to  ensure  that  total  remuneration  is  set  at  an  appropriate  level  for  the  Group  and  its  operations.  The 
objectives and core principles of the remuneration policy are to: 
•  ensure remuneration levels support the Group’s strategy; 

•  ensure that there is an appropriate link between performance and reward;  

•  ensure alignment of Directors, senior management and shareholder interests; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 

ADM Energy plc 

CHAIRMAN’S CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

•  ensure that long-term incentives are linked to shareholder return; 

•  enable  the  Group  to  recruit,  retain  and  motivate  individuals  with  the  skills,  capabilities  and  experience  to  achieve  its 

objectives; and 

• 

strengthen teamwork by enabling all employees to share in the success of the business. 

There are four elements of the remuneration package for the Executive Director and senior management: 

•  basic annual salary; 

•  benefits in kind; 

•  discretionary annual bonus; and 

• 

long-term incentive plan.  

Audit Committee  

The  Audit  Committee  consists  of  the  non-executive  Chairman,  Richard  Carter  and  another  director  soon  to  be  appointed.  The 
Audit Committee meets at least two times a year to consider the annual and interim financial statements and the audit plan. The 
Audit Committee is responsible for ensuring that appropriate financial reporting procedures are properly maintained and reported 
upon, reviewing accounting policies and for meeting the auditors and reviewing their reports relating to the financial statements 
and internal control systems. 

Audit Committee Report 

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present the Audit Committee report for the financial  period ended 31 December 2018. 
This report sets out the activities of the Audit Committee during 2018. 

The Audit Committee is governed by terms of reference which are agreed by the Board and subject to annual review.  

Principle responsibilities of the committee: 

•  Ensuring the financial performance of the Group is properly reviewed, measured and reported; 

•  Monitoring the quality and adequacy of internal controls and internal control systems implemented across the Group; 

•  Receive and review reports from the Group’s management and auditors relating to the interim and annual accounts; 

•  Reviewing risk management policies and systems; 

•  Advising  on  the  appointment,  re-appointment  and  remuneration  of  independent  external  auditors,  besides  scheduling 

meetings with external auditors independent of management for discussions and reviews; and 

•  Reviewing and monitoring the extent and independence of non-audit services rendered by external auditors. 

Areas of focus during 2018 

The Committee met three times in 2018 to execute its responsibilities, two of which included the new Chair. Meetings focussed on 
audit planning, risk management, internal controls and the approval of the interim and final results including the key judgements 
associated with acquisition accounting, asset impairment review assumptions and calculations, creditor completeness reviews and 
the going concern requirements and statement. 

Internal controls and risk 

The Board assigns to the Committee the responsibility of monitoring and improving the Group’s internal controls governing the 
finances  of  the  business.  The  system  of  internal  controls  is  vital  in  managing  the  risks  that  face  the  Group  and  safeguarding 
shareholders’ interests.  

Audit Process 

The  Committee  reviews  the  findings  of  Haysmacintyre  and  then  approves  the  scope  of  work  to  be  undertaken  for  the  next 
financial reporting year, including the associated audit fees. In addition, a review of the effectiveness of the external audit process 
is undertaken and an annual assessment of the external auditor’s independence is made. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17 

ADM Energy plc 

CHAIRMAN’S CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

COMPANY CULTURE AND ETHICS 

The Board of Directors seeks to embody and promote a corporate culture that is based on sound ethical values and behaviours. A 
culture of ethics and compliance is at the core of a strong risk management program. 

The Board of Directors of ADM Energy plc has adopted this code of ethics, to promote honest and ethical conduct, including the 
ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest; promote the full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure 
of  the  Company's  financial  results  in  accordance  with  applicable  disclosure  standards;  promote  compliance  with  applicable 
governmental laws, rules and regulations; and deter wrongdoing. 

Richard Carter 
Non-Executive Chairman 

27 June 2019 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18 

ADM Energy plc 

REPORT ON DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION 
FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 31 December 2018 

REMUNERATION 
The remuneration of the Directors has been fixed by the Board as a whole. The Board seeks to provide appropriate reward for the 
skill  and  time  commitment  required  so  as  to  retain  the  right  calibre  of  director  at  a  cost  to  the  Group,  which  reflects  current 
market rates. 

The Board is responsible for the overall remuneration package for the Executive and Non-Executive Directors.  

DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS 

Details of the remuneration package of each Director for the year are set out below: 

Director 
Stefan Olivier 
Nicholas Lee 
Sergio Lopez 
Nigel Bruce McKim 
Richard Carter 

2018 
£’000 
282 
79 
81 
210 
74 
726 

 2017 
£’000 
235 
88 
69 
159 
42 
593 

Shares were issued to Directors in October 2018 at the placing price of 0.1p in settlement of remuneration as follows: 

Stefan Olivier 
Richard Carter 
Nigel Bruce McKim 
Nicholas Lee 

£53,000 
£12,000 
£39,000 
£49,000 

Of the total remuneration paid to Nicholas Lee £19,000 was paid as an ex-gratia payment. 

As detailed in note 22, included in the remuneration for Nicholas Lee and Richard Carter are amounts invoiced by companies 
which are controlled by them. 

WARRANTS  

Stefan Olivier 
Sergio Lopez 

At 31 Dec 2018 
Number of  
warrants 
- 
8,368,421 
8,368,421 

At 31 Dec 2017 
Number of  
warrants 
- 
8,368,421 
8,368,421 

Further details of the warrants that have been issued by the Company are disclosed in note 18.  Stefan Olivier is also entitled to 
12,552,632 warrants exercisable at 3p per share, subject to certain vesting and exercise conditions as set out in note 18. 

The figures above are before the 1 for 100 share consolidation approved by the shareholders on 7 June 2019. 

PENSIONS 

No pension contributions were paid in respect of the directors for the year ended 31 December 2018 (2017: £nil). 

On behalf of the Board. 

Richard Carter 
Non-Executive Chairman 

27 June 2019 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 

ADM Energy plc 

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR TO THE MEMBERS OF ADM ENERGY PLC 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

OPINION 

We have audited the financial statements of ADM Energy Plc (the ‘parent Company’) and its subsidiaries  (the ‘Group’) for the 
year  ended  31  December  2018  which  comprise  the  group  income  statement,  the  group  and  company  statements  of  financial 
position, the group and company statement of changes in equity, the group and company statements of cash flows, and notes to 
the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European 
Union. 

In our opinion, the financial statements: 

• give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 2018 and of the 
group’s loss for the year then ended; 
• have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; and 
• have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

BASIS FOR OPINION 

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK)  (ISAs  (UK))  and  applicable  law.  Our 
responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial 
statements section of our report. We are independent of the group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant 
to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to SME listed entities, and we 
have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these  requirements.  We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we 
have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

MATERIAL UNCERTAINTY RELATING TO GOING CONCERN 

In forming our opinion on the financial statements, which is not modified, we have considered the adequacy of the disclosures 
made in note 2 of the financial statements concerning the group’s ability to continue as a going concern.  The disclosures indicate 
that  in  the  short  term  the  group  would  require  additional  funding  to  meet  its  liabilities  as  they  fall  due.  These  circumstances 
indicate the existence of a material uncertainty which may cast  significant doubt on the  group’s  ability to continue as a going 
concern.  The  financial  statements  do  not  include  any  adjustments  that  would  result  if  the  company  or  group  was  unable  to 
continue as a going concern.   

KEY AUDIT MATTERS 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to 
fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in 
the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the 
financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

Going concern 

Key Audit Matter 

As at the year end the Group has net current liabilities of £1,198,000 indicating that the Group has 
insufficient cash reserves to meet its current obligations as they fall due.  

The Group received a cash advance of £650,000 in the year for  future works  planned  in  Grenada 
which is not going ahead and is repayable on demand.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20 

ADM Energy plc 

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR TO THE MEMBERS OF ADM ENERGY PLC 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

The Group’s ability to trade depends on the Nigerian government renewing its Oil Mining License 
113 for the Aje oil field, which expired in June 2018.  

Audit response 

Our audit work included, but not restricted to the following: 

We obtained management’s cash flow forecast which supports their use of the going concern basis 
of  accounting.  We  tested  the  integrity  of  this  model,  including  mathematical  accuracy,  and 
reviewed key assumptions such as forecast sales revenue and operating costs for consistency and 
reasonableness.  We  also  considered  the  historical  accuracy  of management’s  forecasting  and  the 
post year end lifting of oil and oil revenue.  

We reviewed the Group’s fundraising activities post year end to provide for ongoing working capital 
but with the Grenada advance still outstanding. 

We  reviewed  correspondence  and  challenged  managements  assumption  of  raising  additional 
equity finance to repay the Grenada advance.  

We reviewed the license documentation to satisfy ourselves that the license remains valid and has 
been extended for another 20 years.  

Valuation of the intangible asset 

Key audit matter 

The  ability  of  the  parent  Company  to  realise  the  carrying  value  of  the  investments  held  at  31 
December 2018 may be adversely affected by various factors such as oil reserves at the Aje oil field 
being lower than expected and / or there being a sustained drop in global oil prices.  

Audit response 

Our audit work included, but was not restricted to the following: 

We  reviewed  the  competent  person’s  report  and  confirmed  its  consistency  with  managements 
forecasts and assessed the independence and competence of the expert. 

We obtained and reviewed relevant documents for new investments and considered whether any 
changes occurred to the existing investments held by the Group. The net present value calculations 
for the Group’s share of the Aje oil field were reviewed, as was the letter detailing the current level 
of oil reserves within the oil field.   

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, in evaluating the effect of misstatements.  We 
consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could influence the economic decisions 
of reasonable users that are taken based on the financial statements.   Importantly, misstatements  below these levels will  not 
necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take into account the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular 
circumstances of their occurrence, when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole. 

We consider gross assets to be the financial metric of most interest to shareholders and other users of the financial statements, 
accordingly this consideration influenced our judgement of materiality. 

We determined materiality for the Group to be £300,000 which is approximately 2% of gross assets. 

Performance materiality is the application of materiality at the individual account or balance level set at an amount to reduce to 
an appropriately low level the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds materiality 
for the financial statements as a whole. Performance materiality for the Group was set at £225,000.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21 

ADM Energy plc 

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR TO THE MEMBERS OF ADM ENERGY PLC 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

We agreed with the audit committee that we would report to the committee all individual audit differences identified during the 
course  of  our  audit  in  excess  of  £15,000.  We  also  agreed  to  report  differences  below  these  thresholds  that,  in  our  view, 
warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT 

Our audit approach is based on obtaining and maintaining a thorough understanding of the group’s business, structure and scope 
in  order  to  undertake  a  risk  based  audit  approach.    This  approach  requires  us  to  identify  relevant  and  appropriate  key  and 
significant risks of misstatement and determine  
the most appropriate tailored responses to this risk assessment.  The extent of our work is determined by the level of risk in each 
area and our assessment of materiality as discussed above. 

OTHER INFORMATION 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual 
report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not 
cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon.   

In  connection  with  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements,  our  responsibility  is  to  read  the  other  information  and,  in  doing  so, 
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the 
audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material  inconsistencies  or  apparent  material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material 
misstatement  of  the  other  information.  If,  based  on  the  work  we  have  performed,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

OPINIONS ON OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED BY THE COMPANIES ACT 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 
• the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the financial statements 
are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
• the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO REPORT BY EXCEPTION 

In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  Group  and  the  parent  Company  and  its  environment  obtained  in  the 
course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 
2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 
•  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  parent  Company,  or  returns  adequate  for  our  audit  have  not  been 
received from branches not visited by us; or 
• the parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
• certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
• we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement  set  out  on  page  10,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as 
the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22 

ADM Energy plc 

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR TO THE MEMBERS OF ADM ENERGY PLC 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the parent Company’s ability to 
continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent Company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  are  free  from  material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that  
includes  our  opinion.  Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit  conducted  in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error 
and  are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the  economic 
decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the  Financial  Reporting 
Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

USE OF OUR REPORT 

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to 
state  to  them  in  an  Auditor's  report  and  for  no  other  purpose.  To  the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or 
assume  responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the  company  and  the  company's  members  as  a  body,  for  our  audit  work,  for  this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Ian Cliffe (Senior statutory auditor)   
for and on behalf of Haysmacintyre LLP,  
Statutory Auditors              
10 Queen Street Place 
London 
EC4R 1AG 

Date: 27 June 2019 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 

ADM Energy plc 

GROUP INCOME STATEMENT AND STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE 
INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

Continuing operations 

Revenue 

Operating costs 
Administrative expenses 

Operating loss 

Other gains and losses 
Finance costs 

Loss on ordinary activities before taxation 

Taxation 

Loss for the year 

Other Comprehensive income: 

Exchange translation movement 

Total comprehensive income for the year 

Basic and diluted loss per share: 

From continuing and total operations 

Note 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

3 

4 

5 
6 

8 

9 

3,127 

(2,356) 
(1,620) 

(849) 

− 
− 

(849) 

− 

1,727 

(2,565) 
(1,495) 

(2,333) 

27 
(1,129) 

(3,435) 

− 

(849) 

(3,435) 

404 

(445) 

(746) 

(4,181) 

(0.04)p 

(0.24)p 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24 

ADM Energy plc 

Company number:  05311866 

GROUP AND COMPANY STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 December 2018 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS 
Intangible assets 

Investment in subsidiaries 

CURRENT ASSETS 

Investments held for trading 
Trade and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 

CURRENT LIABILITIES 

Trade and other payables 

NET CURRENT LIABILITIES 

NET ASSETS 

EQUITY 
Share capital   

Share premium 
Reserve for options granted 

Reserve for warrants issued 
Currency translation reserve 
Retained deficit 
Equity attributable to owners of the Company 
and total equity 

GROUP 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

COMPANY 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

Notes 

10 
11 

12 
13 

14 

15 

17 

17 

16,362 
− 
16,362 

14,984 
− 
14,984 

− 
14,738 
14,738 

− 
14,634 
14,634 

200 

29 

216 

445 

179 

35 

50 

264 

1,643 

1,643 

1,049 

1,049 

(1,198) 

(785) 

200 

29 

216 

445 

1,104 

1,104 

(659) 

179 

35 

50 

264 

609 

609 

(345) 

15,164 

14,199 

14,079 

14,289 

8,499 
32,833 

172 
783 
(342) 
(26,781) 

8,389 
31,533 

172 
783 
(746) 
(25,932) 

8,389 
31,533 

172 
783 
− 
(28,208) 

8,389 
31,533 

172 
783 
− 
(26,588) 

15,164 

14,199 

14,079 

14,289 

The financial statements were approved by the Board and ready for issue on 27 June 2019. 

Stefan Olivier 
Director 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 

ADM Energy plc 

GROUP STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

Share 

Share 

 capital 

premium 

Loan note 
equity 
reserve 

Reserve for 
options 
granted 

Reserve for 
warrants 
issued 

Exchange 
translation 
reserve 

Retained 
deficit 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Total 

equity 

£’000 

At 1 January 2017 

8,336 

25,460 

Loss for the year 

Exchange translation 
movement 

Total comprehensive 
expense for the year 

Issue of new shares 

Share issue costs 

− 

− 

− 

53 

− 

− 

− 

− 

6,522 

(449) 

At 31 December 2017 

8,389 

31,533 

Loss for the year 

Exchange translation 
movement 

Total comprehensive 
expense for the year 

Issue of new shares 

Share issue costs 

− 

− 

− 

110 

− 

− 

− 

− 

1,390 

(90) 

At 31 December 2018 

8,499 

32,833 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

172 

783 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

(22,497) 

12,254 

(3,435) 

(3,435) 

(746) 

− 

(746) 

(746) 

(3,435) 

(4,181) 

− 

− 

− 

− 

6,575 

(449) 

172 

783 

(746) 

(25,932) 

14,199 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

(849) 

(849) 

404 

− 

404 

404 

(849) 

(445) 

− 

− 

− 

− 

1,500 

(90) 

172 

783 

(342) 

(26,781) 

15,164 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26 

ADM Energy plc 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

Share 

Share 

 capital 

premium 

£’000 

£’000 

Loan note 
equity 
reserve 

Reserve for 
options 
granted 

Reserve for 
warrants 
issued 

Retained 
deficit 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Total 

equity 

£’000 

At 1 January 2017 

8,336 

25,460 

Loss for the period and total 
comprehensive expense 

Issue of new shares 

Share issue costs 

− 

53 

− 

− 

6,522 

(449) 

At 31 December 2017 

8,389 

31,533 

Loss for the period and total 
comprehensive expense 

Issue of new shares 

Share issue costs 

− 

110 

− 

− 

1,390 

(90) 

At 31 December 2018 

8,499 

32,833 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 
− 

− 

172 

783 

(24,055) 

10,696 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

(2,533) 

(2,533) 

− 

− 

6,575 

(449) 

172 

783 

(26,588) 

14,289 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

(1,620) 

(1,620) 

− 

− 

1,500 

(90) 

172 

783 

(28,208) 

14,079 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27 

ADM Energy plc 

GROUP AND COMPANY STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

Note 

      GROUP 
2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

      COMPANY 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

(849) 

(3,435) 

(1,620) 

(2,533) 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES  
Loss for the period  
Adjustments for: 
Loss/(gain) on disposal of investments 
Finance costs 
Foreign exchange adjustments 
Operating cashflow before working capital changes 
Decrease in receivables  
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables 
Net cash outflow from operating activities 

INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES 
Proceeds from disposal of investments 
Purchase of investments held for trading 
Development costs 
Loans to subsidiary operation 
Net cash outflow from investment activities 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
Continuing operations: 
Issue of ordinary share capital  
Share issue costs 
Net proceeds from short term borrowings 
Repayment of short term borrowings 
Finance costs paid 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 
from continuing and total operations 

Exchange translation difference 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

14 

− 
− 
− 
(849) 
6 
594 
(249) 

4 
(25) 
(952) 
− 
(973) 

1,500 
(90) 
− 
− 
− 
1,410 

188 

(22) 

50 

216 

(7) 
1,129 
(35) 
(2,348) 
164 
(1,072) 
(3,256) 

303 
(475) 
(1,113) 
− 
(1,285) 

6,575 
(449) 
1,710 
(2,919) 
(504) 
4,413 

(128) 

(156) 

334 

50 

− 
− 
− 
(1,620) 
6 
495 
(1,119) 

4 
(25) 
− 
(104) 

(125) 

1,500 
(90) 
− 
− 
− 
1,410 

166 

− 

50 

216 

(7) 
1,072 
(35) 
(1,503) 
31 
(30) 
(1,502) 

303 
(475) 
− 
(3,080) 

(3,252) 

6,575 
(449) 
1,710 
(2,919) 
(447) 
4,470 

(284) 

− 

334 

50 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

1 

GENERAL INFORMATION 
The Company is a public limited company incorporated in the United Kingdom and its shares are listed on the AIM market 
of  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  The  Company  is  an  investment  company,  mainly  investing  in  natural  resources,  minerals, 
metals, and oil and gas projects.  The registered office of the Company is as detailed in the Company Information on page 2. 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies 
have been consistently applied throughout all periods presented in the financial statements. 

As in prior periods, the Group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union.  The financial statements have been prepared using the measurement 
bases  specified  by  IFRS  for  each  type  of  asset,  liability,  income  and  expense.  The  measurement  bases  are  more  fully 
described in the accounting policies below. 

The current period covered by these financial statements is the year to 31 December 2018.  The comparative figures relate 
to the year ended 31 December 2017. The financial statements are presented in pounds sterling (£) which is the functional 
currency of the Group. 

An overview of standards, amendments and interpretations to IFRSs issued but not yet effective, and which have not been 
adopted early by the Group are presented below under ‘Statement of Compliance’. 

GOING CONCERN 
At  31  December  2018,  the  Group  recorded  a  loss  for  the  year  of  £849,000  and  had  net  current  liabilities  of  £1,198,000, 
after allowing for cash balances of £216,000.  

In addition, the Group received an advance of £650,000 in connection with performing appraisal activities of certain oil and 
gas licences in Grenada.  No appraisal activities have been performed to date and the amount is repayable on demand.  

In the short term the Group will require additional funding in order to meet its liabilities as they fall due. 

The Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has the ability to raise the additional funds required in order 
to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future  and  they  therefore  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern 
basis of accounting in preparing these Financial Statements.  

However, given the uncertainty surrounding the ability and likely timing of securing such finance the Directors are of the 
opinion that a material uncertainty exists that may cast doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. The 
financial  statements  do  not  include  any  adjustments  that  would  result  if  the  Group  was  unable  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern.  

STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE 
The following standard is effective for the first time for the financial period beginning 1 January 2018 and is relevant to the 
Company’s operations:  

•  IFRS  9,  ‘Financial  Instruments’.  The  standard  sets  out  requirements  for  recognising  and  measuring  financial  assets, 
financial  liabilities  and  some  contracts  to  buy  or  sell  non-financial  items.  This  standard  replaces  IAS  39,  ‘Financial 
Instruments:  Recognition  and  Measurement.’  The  adoption  of  this  standard  has  not  had  a  significant  effect  on  the 
Company’s accounting policies related to financial assets and liabilities as majority are classified at fair value through profit 
or loss. The adoption of this standard did not require the restating of comparatives.  

The  following  standards  and  amendments  have  been  issued  and  are  mandatory  for  accounting  periods  beginning  on  or 
after 1 January 2018 but are not relevant or have no material effect on the Company’s operations or financial statements:  

• IFRS 15, ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’. This standard establishes a comprehensive framework for determining 
whether, how much and when revenue is recognised. It replaced IAS 18, ‘Revenue’, IAS 11, ‘Construction Contracts’ and 
related interpretations. 

• Amendments to IFRS 15 Clarifications to IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers  

• Classification and Measurement of Share-based Payment Transactions - Amendments to IFRS 2  

• Transfers of Investment Property - Amendments to IAS 40  

• IFRIC Interpretation 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration  

•  Annual  Improvements  to  IFRSs  –  2014-2016  Cycle:  IFRS  1  First-time  Adoption  of  International  Financial  Reporting 

Standards - Deletion of short-term exemptions for first-time adopters  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) 
• Annual Improvements to IFRSs – 2014-2016 Cycle: IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures – Clarification that 

measuring investees at fair value through profit or loss is an investment - by - investment choice  

1.1   

• Applying IFRS 9 Financial Instruments with IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts - Amendments to IFRS 4  

   Other standards in issue, but not yet effective, are not expected to have a material effect on the financial statements of                                                                   

the Company in future periods and have not been disclosed. 

KEY ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS 

Estimates and assumptions used in preparing the financial statements are reviewed on an ongoing basis and are based on 
historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  The results of 
these estimates and assumptions form the basis of making judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that 
are not readily apparent from other sources. 

AVAILABLE FOR SALE INVESTMENTS 
Note  10  summarises  the  Group’s  indirect  investment  in  the  Aje  Field.    The  Directors  have  reviewed  the  value  of  the 
Group’s  investment  and  consider  that  the  fair  value  of  this  investment  should  be  stated  at  the  original  cost  of  the 
investment plus the value of the cash calls that the Group has paid and is liable for as at the year-end, which the Directors 
consider represents the fair value of the Group’s interest.   

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

The Group has made awards of options and warrants over its unissued share capital to certain Directors, employees and 
professional advisers as part of their remuneration.   

The fair value of options is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted, excluding the impact of any 
non-market vesting conditions. In accordance with IFRS 2 ‘Share Based Payments’, the Group has recognised the fair value 
of  options,  calculated  using  the  Black-Scholes  option  pricing  model.  The  Directors  have  made  assumptions  particularly 
regarding the volatility of the share price at the grant date in order to reach a fair value. Further information is disclosed in 
Note 18. 

SALES REVENUE 
Sales of petroleum production are recognised when goods are delivered or the title has passed to the customer. 

TAXATION 
Current income tax assets and/or liabilities comprise those obligations to, or claims from, fiscal authorities relating to the 
current or prior reporting period, that are unpaid at the statement of financial position date. They are calculated according 
to the tax rates and tax laws applicable to the fiscal periods to which they relate, based on the taxable result for the year. 
All changes to current tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in the income statement. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences. This involves the comparison of 
the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  with  their  respective  tax  bases.  
However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the initial recognition of an  asset or 
liability, unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or accounting profit.  In addition, tax losses 
available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to the Group are assessed for recognition as deferred 
tax assets. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences. This involves the comparison of 
the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  with  their  respective  tax  bases.  
However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the initial recognition of an asset or 
liability, unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or accounting profit.  In addition, tax losses 
available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to the Group are assessed for recognition as deferred 
tax assets. 

Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for in full. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable 
that they will be able to be offset against future taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated, without 
discounting, at tax rates that are expected to apply to their respective period of realisation, provided they are enacted or 
substantively enacted at the statement of financial position date. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) 

Most changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are  recognized as a component of tax expense in the income statement. 
Only changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities that relate to a change in value of assets or liabilities that is charged 
directly to equity are charged or credited directly to equity. 

EXPLORATION, EVALUATION and DEVELOPMENT COSTS 
Exploration,  evaluation  and  development  costs  relate  to  expenditure  incurred  on  the  development  and  evaluation  of 
mineral resources. These costs are recorded as intangible assets until the mineral resource reaches the production stage. 
Upon completion of development and commencement of production, capitalised development costs as well as evaluation 
expenditures are fair valued on a net present value basis. 
Development costs incurred on specific projects are capitalised when all the following conditions are satisfied: 
• 

completion of the intangible asset is technically feasible so that it will be available for use or sale 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the Group intends to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it 

the Group has the ability to use or sell the intangible asset 

the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits 

there  are  adequate  technical,  financial  and  other  resources  to  complete  the  development  and  to  use  or  sell  the 
intangible asset, and 

the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development can be measured reliably. 

Other development expenditure that does not meet these criteria is recognised as an expense as incurred.  Development 
costs previously recognised as an expense are not recognised as an asset in a subsequent period. 

FINANCIAL ASSETS 
Financial  assets  are  recognised  in  the  Group’s  statement  of  financial  position  when  the  Group  becomes  a  party  to  the 
contractual provisions of the instrument. 

The Group’s financial assets are classified into the following specific categories: ‘investments held for trading’, and ‘loans 
and receivables’.  The classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the 
time of initial recognition. 

All  Trade  receivables,  loans,  and  other  receivables  that  have  fixed  or  determinable  payments  that  are  not  quoted  in  an 
active market are classified as ‘loans and receivables’.  Loans and receivables  are measured at amortised cost using the 
effective  interest  method,  less  any  impairment.    Interest  income  is  recognised  by  applying  the  effective  interest  rate, 
except for short-term receivables when the recognition of interest would be immaterial. 

INVESTMENTS HELD FOR TRADING 

All  investments  determined  upon  initial  recognition  as  held  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  were  designated  as 
investments held for trading.  Investment transactions are accounted for on a trade date basis.  Assets are de-recognised 
at  the  trade  date  of  the  disposal.  Assets  are  sold  at  their  fair  value,  which  comprises  the  proceeds  of  sale  less  any 
transaction cost. The fair value of the financial instruments in the statement of financial position is based on the quoted 
bid  price  at  the  statement  of  financial  position  date,  with  no  deduction  for  any  estimated  future  selling  cost.  Unquoted 
investments are valued by the directors using primary valuation techniques such as recent transactions, last price and net 
asset  value.  Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  investments  held  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  and  gains  and  losses  on 
disposal  are  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  as  “Net  gains  on  investments”. 
Investments are initially measured at fair value plus incidental acquisition costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair 
value in accordance with IAS 39. This is either the bid price or the last traded price, depending on the convention of the 
exchange on which the investment is quoted. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)  

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION 

The consolidated financial statements  present the results of  ADM Energy  plc and its subsidiaries ("the  Group") as if they 
formed a single entity. Intercompany transactions and balances between Group companies are therefore eliminated in full.  

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of business combinations using the purchase method. In the 
Statement of Financial Position, the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are initially recognised 
at  their  fair  values  at  the  acquisition  date.  The  results  of  acquired  operations  are  included  in  the  Consolidated  Income 
Statement 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
Cash  and  cash  equivalents  comprise  cash  on  hand  and  demand  deposits,  together  with  other  short-term,  highly  liquid 
investments  that  are  readily  convertible  into  known  amounts  of  cash  and  which  are  subject  to  an  insignificant  risk  of 
changes in value. 

EQUITY 
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of 
its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received net of direct issue costs. 

Equity comprises the following: 

• 

• 

• 

Share capital represents the nominal value of equity shares issued. 

The share premium account represents premiums received on the initial issuing of the share capital. Any transaction 
costs  associated  with  the  issuing  of  shares  are  deducted  from  share  premium,  net  of  any  related  income  tax 
benefits. 

Option reserve represents the cumulative cost of share based payments in respect of options granted. 

•  Warrant reserve represents the cumulative cost of share based payments in respect of warrants issued. 

• 

Retained  earnings  include  all  current  and  prior  period  results  as  disclosed  in  the  statement  of  comprehensive 
income. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)  

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

Financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument.  All interest related charges are recognised as an expense in finance cost in the 
income statement using the effective interest rate method.   

The Group’s financial liabilities comprise trade and other payables.   

Trade  payables  are  r ecognised  initially  at  their  fair  value  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  less  settlement 
payments. 
SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

Where share options are awarded, or warrants issued to employees, the fair value of the options/warrants at the date of 
grant is charged to the statement of comprehensive income over the vesting  period.  Non-market vesting conditions are 
taken  into  account  by  adjusting  the  number  of  equity  instruments  expected  to  vest  at  each  reporting  date  so  that, 
ultimately,  the  cumulative  amount  recognized  over  the  vesting  period  is  based  on  the  number  of  options/warrants  that 
eventually vest. As long as all other vesting conditions are satisfied, a charge is made irrespective of whether  the market 
vesting conditions are satisfied. The cumulative expense is not adjusted for failure to achieve a market vesting condition.  

Where warrants or options are issued for services provided to the  Group, the fair value of the service is charged to the 
statement of comprehensive income or against share premium where the warrants or options were issued in exchange for 
services in connection with share issues. Where the fair value of the services cannot be reliably measured, the service is 
valued  using  Black  Scholes  valuation  methodology  taking  into  consideration  the  market  and  non-market  conditions 
described above.  
Where the share options are cancelled before they vest, the remaining unvested fair value is immediately charged to the 
statement of comprehensive income.  

FOREIGN CURRENCIES 

The Directors consider  Sterling to be the currency that most faithfully represents the economic effects of the underlying 
transactions, events and conditions.  The financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is the Group’s functional and 
presentation currency. 

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  Sterling  using  the  exchange  rates  prevailing  at  the  date  of  the 
transactions. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the 
translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised 
in the income statement.  Non-monetary items that are measured at historical costs in a foreign currency are translated at 
the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.  Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency 
are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. 

SEGMENTAL REPORTING 

A segment is a distinguishable component of the Group’s activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, 
whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Group’s chief operating decision maker to make decisions about the 
allocation of resources and assessment of performance and about which discrete financial information is available. 

As the chief operating decision maker reviews financial information for and makes decisions about the Group’s investment 
activities as a whole, the directors have identified a single operating segment, that of holding and trading in investments in 
natural resources, minerals, metals, and oil and gas projects.  The Directors consider that it would not be appropriate to 
disclose any geographical analysis of the Group’s investments. 

No segmental analysis has been provided in the financial statements as the Directors consider that the Group’s operations 
comprise one segment. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

3 

REVENUE 
All the Group’s revenue is derived from its operations in Nigeria. 

4 

OPERATING LOSS 

Loss from continuing operations is arrived at after charging: 
 Directors’ remuneration 
 Employee salaries and other benefits 
 Auditors’ remuneration: 
fees payable to the principal auditor for the audit of the Group’s financial statements     

5 

OTHER GAINS AND LOSSES 

Gain/(loss) on disposal of investments 

Refund of FX margin deposit previously written off 

6 

FINANCE COSTS 

Interest on convertible loan stock 

Finance costs of other loan facilities 

Interest on overdue cash calls 

2018 
£’000 

798 
44 

24 

2018 

£’000 

− 
− 

− 

2018 

£’000 

− 
− 
− 

− 

2017 
£’000 

650 
36 

18 

2017 

£’000 

7 

20 

27 

2017 

£’000 

− 
1,072 

57 

1,129 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

7 

EMPLOYEE REMUNERATION 

The expense recognised for employee benefits for continuing operations is analysed below: 

Wages and salaries (including directors) 
Social security costs 

Directors’ remuneration: 

Wages and salaries (including employee benefits) 
Social security costs 

2018 
£’000 

2017 
£’000 

766 
76 

842 

726 
72 

798 

626 
60 

686 

593 
57 

650 

Further details of Directors’ remuneration are included in the Report on Directors’ Remuneration. 

Only the directors are deemed to be key management. The average number of employees in the Group was 5 (2017:4).  

8 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE 

  Current tax – continuing operations 

Loss before tax from continuing operations 

Loss before tax multiplied by rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19% (2017: 19.25%) 

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 

Unrelieved tax losses carried forward 

Total tax charge for the year 

2018 

£’000 

− 

2018 

£’000 

(849) 

(161) 

6 

155 

− 

2017 

£’000 

− 

2017 

£’000 

(3,435) 

(661) 

21 

640 

− 

There are unrelieved tax losses of approximately £20,400,000 (2017: £16,900,000) which may be available to offset against 
future taxable profits. No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of the losses as recoverability is uncertain. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

9 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  loss  attributable  to  owners  of  the  Group  by  the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. 

Loss attributable to owners of the Group 
- Continuing operations 

Continuing and discontinued operations 

2018 
£’000 

(849) 

(849) 

2017 
£’000 

(3,435) 

(3,435) 

2018 

2017 

Weighted average number of shares for calculating basic and fully 
diluted earnings per share 

1,949,157,883 

1,439,477,518 

Earnings per share: 
Loss per share from continuing and total operations 

2018 
pence 

2017 
pence 

(0.04) 

(0.24) 

The weighted average number of shares used for calculating the diluted loss per share for 2018 and 2017 was the same as 
that used for calculating the basic loss per share as the effect of exercise of the outstanding share options was anti-dilutive.  

10 

INTANGIBLE ASSET 

GROUP 

The intangible asset  relates to the acquisition of a 5% revenue interest in the OML 113 licence, which includes the Aje 
Field (“Aje”) and the further costs of bringing the Aje 4 and Aje 5 wells into production. 

Cost of investment in Jacka Resources Nigeria Holdings Limited 

Cash calls in respect of Aje 4 and Aje 5 wells 

Foreign currency exchange translation difference 

2018 

£’000 

14,984 

952 

426 
16,362 

2017 

£’000 

14,461 

1,113 

(590) 
14,984 

The  Directors  have  reviewed  the  value  of  the  Group’s  investment  and  consider  that  the  fair  value  of  this  investment 
should be stated at the original cost of the investment plus the value of the cash calls that the Group has paid and is liable 
for as at the year-end, which the Directors consider represents the fair value of the Group’s interest; so no impairment 
provision is required.  As the joint venture partners have been granted a new 20 year lease in 2018 the directors do not 
consider that any provision for decommissioning is required.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

11 

INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES 

On 10 August 2016, the Group completed the agreement for the acquisition of Jacka Resources Nigeria Holdings Limited 
(“JRNH”),  a  BVI  registered  company,  in  which  Jack  Resources  Limited  (“JRL”)  held  the  single  issued  share.    JRNH’s  sole 
asset is its wholly owned subsidiary, P R Oil & Gas Nigeria Limited (“PROG”), a Nigerian registered company.  PROG has a 
5% revenue interest in the OML 113 licence, offshore Nigeria, which includes the Aje Field ("Aje"), where oil production 
commenced in May 2016.  

Balance at beginning of period 
Advances to PROG 

Balance at end of period 

The Group’s subsidiary companies are as follows: 

Name 

Principal 
activity 

Country of incorporation 
 and principal  
place of business 

2018 

£’000 

14,634 
104 

14,738 

2017 

£’000 

11,554 
3,080 

14,634 

Proportion of  
ownership interest 
 and voting rights  
held by the Group 

British Virgin Islands 

100% 

Jacka Resources Nigeria Holdings 
Limited 

Holding 
company 

*P R Oil & Gas Nigeria Limited 

Oil exploration 
& production 

Maples Corporate Services (BVI) Ltd 
Kingston Chambers 
P.O. Box 173, Road Town, Tortola 

Nigeria 

1, Murtala Muhammed Drive 
Ikoyi, Lagos 

Geo Estratos MXOil, SAPI de CV 

Oil exploration 

Mexico 

Lago Alberto 319, Piso 6 
IZA Punto Polanco 
Col. Granada, Del. Miguel Hidalgo 
CP 11520, Ciudad de Mexico 

*Indirectly held 

100% 

100% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
37 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

12 

INVESTMENTS HELD FOR TRADING 

The table of investments sets out the fair value measurements using the IFRS 7 fair value hierarchy.  Categorisation within 
the  hierarchy  has  been  determined  on  the  basis  of  the  lowest  level  of  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value 
measurement of the relevant asset as follows (see note 19) 

The investments held by the Group are designated as at fair value through profit or loss. 

Fair value of investments brought forward 
Purchases of investments 

Proceeds from the disposal of investments 

(Loss)/gain on disposal of investments 

Movement in fair value of investments held at year end 

Fair value of investments held for trading 

Investments held at the year end were categorised as follows 

Level 1 

Level 3 

GROUP AND COMPANY 
2017 
2018 
£’000 
£’000 

179 

25 

(4) 

− 
− 

200 

− 

200 

200 

- 

475 

(303) 

7 
− 

179 

4 

175 

179 

The table of investments sets out the fair value measurements using the IFRS 7 fair value hierarchy.  Categorisation within 
the  hierarchy  has  been  determined  on  the  basis  of  the  lowest  level  of  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value 
measurement of the relevant asset as follows: 

Level 1 – valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. 

Level  2  –  valued  by  reference  to  valuation  techniques  using  observable  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within 
Level 1.   

Level 3 – valued by reference to valuation techniques using inputs that are not based on observable market data. 

The  valuation  techniques  used  by  the  company  are  explained  in  the  accounting  policy  note,  “Investments  held  for 
trading”. 

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 3 investments during the year. 

13 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Trade receivables  

Other receivables 

Prepayments and accrued income 

GROUP 

COMPANY 

2018 

£’000 

2017 

£’000 

2018 

£’000 

2017 

£’000 

− 
13 

16 

29 

− 
13 

22 

35 

− 
13 

16 

29 

− 
13 

22 

35 

The  fair  value  of  trade  and  other  receivables  is  considered  by  the  Directors  not  to  be  materially  different  to  carrying 
amounts. Trade receivables are due in 30 days.  At the date of the Statement of Financial Position in 2018 and 2017 there 
were no trade receivables past due. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

14 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash at bank 

Cash and cash equivalents 

GROUP AND COMPANY 

2018 

£’000 

216 

216 

2017 

£’000 

50 

50 

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents is considered by the Directors not to be materially different to carrying amounts. 

15 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Trade payables 

Tax and social security 

Other payables 

Accruals and deferred income 

GROUP 

COMPANY 

2018 

£’000 

52 

24 

843 

724 

2017 

£’000 

91 

66 

824 

68 

2018 

£’000 

52 

24 

316 

712 

1,643 

1,049 

1,104 

2017 

£’000 

91 

66 

394 

58 

609 

The  fair  value  of  trade  and  other  payables  is  considered  by  the  Directors  not  to  be  materially  different  to  carrying 
amounts. 

Included in accruals and deferred income is £650,000 advance received in connection with performing appraisal activities 
of  certain  oil  and  gas  licences  in  Grenada.  No  appraisal  activities  have  been  performed  to  date  and  the  amount  is 
repayable on demand. The Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has the ability to raise additional funds 
required to repay this advance.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

16 

BORROWINGS 

As at 1 January 
Net proceeds of loans 
Arrangement fees 
Other finance charges 
Exchange difference 

Settled by cash 
Settled by the issue of shares 
As at 31 December 

GROUP AND COMPANY 
2017 
2018 
£’000 
£’000 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 

584 
1,710 
90 
982 
− 
3,366 
(1,791) 
(1,575) 
− 

17 

CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL 

Number of 
ordinary 
shares 

Value 
£’000 

Number of 
deferred 
shares 

Value 
£’000 

Total 
 value 
£’000 

Share 
Premium 
£’000 

Issued and fully paid  
At 1 January 2017 (ordinary shares of 
0.01p) 

Shares issued (see note below) 

Share issue costs 

1,141,141,331 

530,208,333 

− 

114  8,222,439,370 

8,222 

8,336 

25,460 

53 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

At 31 December 2017 

1,671,349,664 

167  8,222,439,370 

8,222 

Shares issued (see note below) 

1,100,000,000 

110 

− 

Share issue costs 
At 31 December 2018 

− 
2,771,349,664 

− 

− 
277  8,222,439,370 

− 

− 
8,222 

The deferred shares have restricted rights such that they have no economic value. 

Share issues in year 
On 20 February 2018, 100,000,000 new ordinary shares of 0.01p were issued at 0.5p each as a result of a placing, raising 
£500,000 before expenses. 

On 22 October 2018, 1,000,000,000 new ordinary shares of 0.01p were issued at 0.1p each as a result of a placing, raising 
£1,000,000 before expenses. 

53 

− 

8,389 

110 

− 
8,499 

6,522 

(449) 

31,533 

1,390 

(90) 
32,833 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

18 

SHARE WARRANTS 

As at 31 December 2015, the Company had approved the issue of 162,500,000 warrants, of which 90,000,000 have not yet 
vested and it is unlikely that the conditions for vesting will be met in the short to medium term.  Of the vested warrants 
3,250,000  have  been  exercised  and  49,250,000  have  lapsed,  so  that  as  at  31  December  2018  there  are  20,000,000 
warrants outstanding that were capable of being exercised. 

In  February  2016,  the  Company  issued  4,116,000  warrants  to  the  Company’s  broker  and  certain  other  parties.  The 
warrants were exercisable at 1.25p per share for a period of 2 years from the date of issue and therefore lapsed during the 
year. 

In March 2016, the Company issued 66,666,667 warrants to the Company’s broker and certain other parties.  The warrants 
were exercisable at 1p per share for a period of 3 years from the date of issue and were still exercisable at 31 December 
2018, but lapsed in March 2019. 

In  total,  at  31  December  2018,  the  Group  has  issued  143,282,667  warrants  of  which  3,250,000  have  been  exercised,  
53,366,000 have lapsed, leaving 86,666,667 warrants exercisable at 31 December 2018.  In addition there are 90,000,000 
warrants which have been authorised for issue but have not been issued as the vesting conditions have yet to be met. 

The 90,000,000 warrants that have not yet vested are subject to certain vesting conditions as detailed below. 

• 

• 

60,000,000  warrants  to  certain  directors  and  other  third  parties  exercisable  at  3p  per  share.  Of  these,  12,552,632 
have been allocated to Stefan Olivier and 47,447,368 have been allocated to third parties. Vesting of these warrants 
will be conditional upon the Group securing an interest in a concession or asset in Mexico. The warrants will vest in 
three equal tranches as follows: one third vesting upon the Group’s average mid-market closing share price trading at 
6p for 60 consecutive days; one third vesting upon the Group’s average mid-market closing share price trading at 12p 
for 30 consecutive days; and the final third vesting upon the Group’s average mid-market closing share price trading 
at 18p for 60 consecutive days. In addition, the first and second tranches of options will lapse if, in each case, they 
have not been exercised within 90 days of the trading price vesting condition being satisfied. 

30,000,000  warrants  to  certain  third  parties  exercisable  at  2p  per  share  and  vesting  once  the  Group  secures  a 
concession in Mexico. If after the Group secures a concession the average mid-market closing price of shares in the 
Group trades at 4p or more for 60 consecutive days, these warrants will lapse if they have not been exercised within 
90 days of the trading price vesting condition being satisfied. 

Outstanding at 1 January  

Issued 

Exercised 

Lapsed 

Outstanding at 31 December 

2018 

2017 

  Weighted average 
exercise price 

  Weighted average 
exercise price 

Number 

(pence) 

Number 

(pence) 

90,782,667 

− 
− 
4,116,000 

86,666,667 

1.23 

140,032,667 

− 
− 
− 

− 
− 
(49,250,000) 

1.23 

90,782,667 

1.15 

− 
− 
1.00 

1.23 

The  total  share-based  payment  expense  recognised  in  the  income  statement  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2018  in 
respect of the warrants issued during the year was £Nil (2017:  £Nil).   

The figures above are before the 1 for 100 share consolidation approved by the shareholders on 7 June 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

19 

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES 

CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT 
The Group's objectives when managing capital are: 

• 

• 
• 

to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it continues to provide returns and benefits 
for shareholders; 
to support the Group's growth; and 
to provide capital for the purpose of strengthening the Group's risk management capability. 

The  Group  actively  and  regularly  reviews  and  manages  its  capital  structure  to  ensure  an  optimal  capital  structure  and 
equity  holder  returns,  taking  into  consideration  the  future  capital  requirements  of  the  Group  and  capital  efficiency, 
prevailing  and  projected  profitability,  projected  operating  cash  flows,  projected  capital  expenditures  and  projected 
strategic  investment  opportunities.    Management  regards  total  equity  as  capital  and  reserves,  for  capital  management 
purposes. 

The  Group  is  exposed  to  a  variety  of  financial  risks  which  result  from  both  its  operating  and  investing  activities.    The 
Group’s risk management is coordinated by the board of directors, and focuses on actively securing the Group’s short to 
medium term cash flows by minimising the exposure to financial markets. 

Management review the Group’s exposure to currency risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk on a regular basis and consider 
that through this review they manage the exposure of the Group on a near term needs basis  

There is no material difference between the book value and fair value of the Group’s cash.  

MARKET PRICE RISK 
The Group’s exposure to market price risk mainly arises from potential movements in the fair value of its investments.  The 
Group manages this price risk within its long-term investment strategy to manage a diversified exposure to the market.  If 
each of the Group’s equity investments were to experience a rise or fall of 10% in their fair value, this would result in the 
Group’s net asset value and statement of comprehensive income increasing or decreasing by £20,000 (2017:  £4,000). 

INTEREST RATE RISK 
The  Group  and  Company  manage  the  interest  rate  risk  associated  with  the  Group’s  cash  assets  by  ensuring  that  interest 
rates are as favourable as possible, whilst managing the access the Group requires to the funds for working capital purposes.  

The  Group’s  cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  subject  to  interest  rate  exposure  due  to  changes  in  interest  rates.  Short-term 
receivables and payables are not exposed to interest rate risk.  

CREDIT RISK 

The Group's financial instruments, which are exposed to credit risk, are considered to be mainly loans and receivables, and 
cash and cash equivalents.  The credit risk for cash and cash equivalents is not considered material since the counterparties 
are reputable banks.  The maximum exposure to credit risk for loans and receivables is as set out in the table below, and 
relates to the financing of the Group’s joint venture interests. 

The Group's exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of the financial assets recognised at the balance sheet 
date, as summarised below: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Loans and receivables 

2018 
£’000 

216 
13 

229 

2017 
£’000 

50 
13 

63 

LIQUIDITY RISK 
Liquidity risk is managed by means of ensuring sufficient cash and cash equivalents are held to meet the Group’s payment 
obligations  arising  from  administrative  expenses.    The  cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  invested  such  that  the  maximum 
available interest rate is achieved with minimal risk. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
42 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

20 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The  Group  uses  financial  instruments,  other  than  derivatives,  comprising  cash  to  provide  funding  for  the  Group's 
operations. 

CATEGORIES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The IFRS 9 categories of financial asset included in the statement of financial position and the headings in which they are 
included are as follows: 

FINANCIAL ASSETS: 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Investments held for trading (see fair value measurements below) 

Loans and receivables  

Investments available for sale  

FINANCIAL ASSETS BY IFRS 7 FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY 

Level 1 - Investments held for trading 

Level 3 - Loans and receivables 

Investments held for trading 

Investments available for sale 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS 

2018 

£’000 

216 

200 

13 

2017 

£’000 

50 

179 

13 

14,738 

14,634 

− 

13 

200 

14,738 

14,951 

4 

13 

175 

14,634 

14,822 

The Group holds quoted investments that are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period using the IFRS 7 
fair value hierarchy as set out below.   

Level 1 – valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. 

Level  2  –  valued  by  reference  to  valuation  techniques  using  observable  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within 

Level 1.   

Level 3 – valued by reference to valuation techniques using inputs that are not based on observable market data. 

The valuation techniques used by the Group are explained in the accounting policy note, “Investments held for trading”. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

20 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS continued 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AT AMORTISED COST: 

The IFRS 9 categories of financial liabilities included in the statement of financial position and the headings in which they 
are included are as follows: 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings 

2018 

£’000 

919 

− 

2017 

£’000 

981 

− 

The following table details the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities with agreed 
repayment periods.  The table has been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the 
earliest repayment date on which the Group can be required to  pay.  The table includes both interest and principal cash 
flows.  To the extent that interest flows are floating rate, the undiscounted amount is derived from the interest rate curves 
at the balance sheet date.  The contractual maturity is based on the earliest date on which the Group may be required to 
pay.  

Less than  
1 month 

£’000 

1-3  
months 

£’000 

3 months  
to 1 year 

£’000 

1-5  
years 

£’000 

Over 5 
 years 

£’000 

2018 

Interest bearing: 

Borrowings 

Non-interest bearing: 

Trade and other payables 

2017 

Interest bearing: 

Borrowings 

Non-interest bearing: 

Trade and other payables 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

919 

− 

981 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

− 

21 

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 

There were no contingent liabilities as at 31 December 2018 (2017:  £Nil) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44 

ADM Energy plc 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 December 2018 

22 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

The remuneration of the Directors, who are key management personnel of the Group, is set out in the report on Directors’ 
Remuneration.   

During the year, £30,000 of Nicholas Lee’s total remuneration was invoiced by ACL Capital Limited, a company controlled 
by him.  This amount was settled by the issue of shares. 

During the year, the remuneration for Richard Carter of £74,000 was invoiced by Bryant Park Consulting Ltd, a company 
controlled by him.  £12,000 of this amount was settled by the issue of shares. 

23 

ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

•  The Directors do not consider there to be a single ultimate controlling party. 

24 

POST PERIOD END EVENTS 

•  Events since the year end are detailed in the Report of the Directors. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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