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AutoCanada Inc.

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FY2024 Annual Report · AutoCanada Inc.
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ANNUAL 
FINANCIAL 
RESULTS
2024
AUTOCAN.CA

Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year˜¼–˜–DecemberČ1ļċĉċč

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Stantec Tower, 10220 103rd Avenue North West, Suite 2200, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada  T5J 0K4 
T.: +1 780 441 6700, F.: +1 780 441 6776, Fax to mail: ca_edmonton_main_fax@pwc.com 
“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 
Independent auditor’s report 
To the Shareholders of AutoCanada Inc. 
Our opinion 
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of AutoCanada Inc. and its subsidiaries (together, the Company) as at 
December 31, 2024 and 2023, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board (IFRS Accounting Standards). 
What we have audited 
The Company’s consolidated financial statements comprise: 

the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income for the years ended December 31, 2024
and 2023;

the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2024 and 2023;

the consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years then ended;

the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended; and

the notes to the consolidated financial statements, comprising material accounting policy information
and other explanatory information.
Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of 
the consolidated financial statements section of our report. 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 
Independence 
We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada. We have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities 
in accordance with these requirements. 

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024. These matters were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 
Key audit matter 
How our audit addressed the key audit matter 
Impairment and recoveries of intangible assets 
Refer to note 3 – Material accounting policy 
information, note 5 – Critical accounting estimates, 
note 18 – Discontinued operation and note 20 – 
Intangible assets and goodwill to the consolidated 
financial statements.
The Company had intangible assets of $630,467 
thousand as at December 31, 2024, of which the 
entirety relates to the Canadian Operations 
segment. The Company reclassified $36,762 of 
intangible assets held for sale as at December 31, 
2024 associated with the U.S. Operations segment. 
Management performs an impairment test at least 
annually, or more frequently if events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that they may be impaired. 
For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets 
are grouped as cash generating units (CGUs), the 
lowest level for which there are separately 
identifiable cash flows. An impairment is recorded 
when the recoverable amounts of assets are less 
than their carrying amounts. The recoverable 
amount of each CGU is based on the higher of fair 
value less costs to dispose (FVLCD) or value in use 
(VIU). Impairment losses, other than those relating 
to goodwill, are evaluated for potential reversals of 
impairment when events or changes in 
circumstances warrant such consideration. Under 
the FVLCD approach, fair value is calculated based 
on an applicable multiple applied to projected 
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and 
amortization (EBITDA). In arriving at the FVLCD, 
management considers projected operating 
margins, growth rates and EBITDA multiples as 
Our approach to addressing the matter included the 
following procedures, among others: 

Tested how management determined the
recoverable amount for certain CGUs for which
events or changes in circumstances have been
identified, which included the following:
‒ 
Tested the appropriateness of the 
approaches used and the mathematical 
accuracy of FVLCD and VIU calculations. 
‒ 
Tested the reasonableness of the projected 
operating margins, growth rates and 
discount rates applied by management in 
the applicable calculations by comparing 
them to the budget, management's 
strategic plans approved by the Board, 
available third party published economic 
data and the results historically achieved by 
the respective CGUs. 
‒ 
Professionals with specialized skill and 
knowledge in the field of valuation assisted 
in testing the reasonableness of the 
discount rates applied by management 
based on available data of comparable 
companies and in testing the 
reasonableness of the EBITDA multiples by 
comparing to market data, as well as 
assessing the valuation methodologies 
used. 
‒ 
Tested the accuracy and completeness of 
underlying data used in the FVLCD and 
VIU calculations. 

Key audit matter 
How our audit addressed the key audit matter 
significant assumptions. Under the VIU approach, 
the discounted cash flow (DCF) method is used, 
which involves projecting cash flows and converting 
them into a present value equivalent through 
discounting. Significant assumptions used in the 
VIU approach include projected EBITDA, growth 
rates and discount rates. Based on the impairment 
assessment, the net recoveries of impairment for 
the year ended December 31, 2024 were $7,612 
thousand allocated to indefinite life intangibles 
within the Canadian Operations segment. 
Management recorded impairment of $15,833 
thousand on indefinite life intangibles within the 
discontinued U.S. Operations segment. 
We considered this a key audit matter due to (i) the 
significance of the intangible asset balances and (ii) 
the significant judgment made by management in 
determining the recoverable amounts of the CGUs, 
including the use of significant assumptions. This 
has resulted in a high degree of subjectivity and 
audit effort in performing audit procedures to test 
the significant assumptions. Professionals with 
specialized skill and knowledge in the field of 
valuation assisted us in performing our procedures. 

Tested the disclosures made in the
consolidated financial statements, including the
sensitivity of the significant assumptions used.
Other information 
Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis. 
Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 
In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 
If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the 
consolidated financial statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, and for such internal control as management 
determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate 
the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 
Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting 
process. 
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as 
a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a 
guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards 
will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 
As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, we exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and
obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of
not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error,
as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of
internal control.

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by management.


Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and,
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report
to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to
cease to continue as a going concern.

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements,
including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying
transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

Plan and perform the group audit to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial
information of the entities or business units within the Company as a basis for forming an opinion on
the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and review of
the audit work performed for purposes of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit
opinion.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal 
control that we identify during our audit. 
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that 
were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and 
are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or 
regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we 
determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of 
doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 
The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Richard Probert. 
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Professional Accountants 
Edmonton, Alberta 
March 19, 2025 

AutoCanada Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
For the Years Ended 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars except for share and per share amounts)
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
Revised (1)
$
Continuing operations
Revenue (Note 6)
5,351,672 
5,607,194 
Cost of sales (Note 7)
(4,469,395) 
(4,629,532) 
Gross profit
882,277 
977,662 
Operating expenses (Note 8)
(735,312) 
(777,159) 
Operating profit before other income
146,965 
200,503 
Lease and other income (Note 10)
7,850 
12,775 
Gain on disposal of assets, net (Note 10)
29,781 
442 
Net impairment losses on trade and other receivables
(8,737) 
(2,230) 
(Impairment) recoveries of non-financial assets (Note 20, 24)
(4,542) 
3,538 
Operating profit
171,317 
215,028 
Finance costs (Note 11)
(129,678) 
(123,020) 
Finance income (Note 11)
2,674 
3,346 
(Loss) gain on redemption liabilities (Note 14)
(486) 
3,639 
Other gains (losses), net
846 
(321) 
Income for the year before tax from continuing operations
44,673 
98,672 
Income tax expense (Note 12)
8,035 
30,699 
Net income for the year from continuing operations
36,638 
67,973 
Net loss for the year from discontinued operation (Note 18)
(103,386) 
(14,192) 
Net (loss) income for the year 
(66,748) 
53,781 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss
Foreign operations currency translation (Note 18)
8,032 
6,489 
Change in fair value of cash flow hedge (Note 25)
(206) 
1,800 
Income tax relating to these items
51 
(458) 
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax
7,877 
7,831 
Comprehensive (loss) income for the year
(58,871) 
61,612 
Net (loss) income for the year attributable to:
AutoCanada shareholders
(68,233) 
50,490 
Non-controlling interests
1,485 
3,291 
(66,748) 
53,781 
Net (loss) income for the year attributable to AutoCanada shareholders 
arises from:
Continuing operations
35,153 
64,682 
Discontinued operation
(103,386) 
(14,192) 
(68,233) 
50,490 
Comprehensive (loss) income for the year attributable to:
AutoCanada shareholders
(60,356) 
58,321 
Non-controlling interests
1,485 
3,291 
(58,871) 
61,612 
Comprehensive (loss) income for the year attributable to AutoCanada 
shareholders arises from:
Continuing operations
34,998 
66,024 
Discontinued operation
(95,354) 
(7,703) 
(60,356) 
58,321 
 
Page 1  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income (continued)
For the Years Ended 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars except for share and per share amounts)
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
Revised (1)
$
Net (loss) income per share attributable to AutoCanada shareholders:
Basic from continuing operations
1.51
2.75
Basic from discontinued operation
(4.44) 
(0.61) 
Basic
(2.93) 
2.14 
Diluted from continuing operations 
1.46 
2.65 
Diluted from discontinued operation 
(4.29) 
(0.59) 
Diluted
(2.83) 
2.06 
Weighted average shares
Basic (Note 30)
23,316,008 
23,561,236 
Diluted (Note 30)
24,137,069 
24,450,681 
1    Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 - "Discontinued Operation" for 
additional information.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Approved on behalf of the Company
(signed) Paul W. Antony
(signed) Barry L. James
Paul W. Antony, Director
Barry L. James, Director
Page 2  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
(in thousands of Canadian dollars)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash
67,343 
103,146 
Trade and other receivables (Note 15)
173,568 
222,076 
Inventories (Note 16)
947,278 
1,154,311 
Current tax recoverable 
10,205 
22,187 
Other current assets (Note 21)
11,993 
15,718 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 25)1
376 
— 
1,210,763 
1,517,438 
Assets held for sale (Note 17, 18)
332,693 
22,152 
Total current assets
1,543,456 
1,539,590 
Property and equipment (Note 19)
312,014 
378,269 
Right-of-use assets (Note 24)
389,958 
405,105 
Other long-term assets (Note 21)
16,501 
16,708 
Deferred income tax  (Note 12)
18,840 
35,444 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 25)
— 
3,920 
Intangible assets (Note 20)
630,467 
682,137 
Goodwill (Note 20)
94,592 
98,266 
Total assets
3,005,828 
3,159,439 
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables (Note 22)
177,473 
238,427 
Revolving floorplan facilities (Note 23)
1,010,579 
1,174,595 
Current tax payable 
3,766 
— 
Vehicle repurchase obligations (Note 26)
3,705 
1,982 
Indebtedness (Note 23)
24,108 
744 
Lease liabilities (Note 24)
35,780 
28,411 
Redemption liabilities (Note 14)
23,066 
22,580 
Other liabilities (Note 27)
11,063 
12,325 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 25)
1,741 
— 
1,291,281 
1,479,064 
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale (Note 18)
201,966 
— 
Total current liabilities
1,493,247 
1,479,064 
Long-term indebtedness (Note 23)
517,543 
562,178 
Long-term lease liabilities (Note 24)
421,392 
469,013 
Long-term redemption liabilities (Note 14)
25,000 
25,000 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 25)
8,705 
2,219 
Other long-term liabilities (Note 27)
— 
1,368 
Deferred income tax  (Note 12)
44,613 
55,768 
Total liabilities
2,510,500 
2,594,610 
EQUITY
Attributable to AutoCanada shareholders
468,027 
534,847 
Attributable to non-controlling interests
27,301 
29,982 
Total equity
495,328 
564,829 
3,005,828 
3,159,439 
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
1  Comparative current derivative financial instrument asset of $2,318 has not been reclassified to conform with current year 
presentation as it was included in other current assets as at December 31, 2023 (Note 25).
Commitments and contingencies (Note 28)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 3  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
For the Year Ended
(in thousands of Canadian dollars)
Attributable to AutoCanada shareholders
Share
capital
$
Treasury
shares
$
Contributed
surplus
$
Share 
repurchase 
(deficit) 
(Note 30)
$
Cumulative
translation
adjustment
$
OCI hedge 
reserve
$
Retained 
earnings
$
Total 
capital
$
Non-
controlling
interests
$
Total
equity
$
Balance, January 1, 2024
434,632 
(319)
4,117
(51,525) 
7,889 
155 
139,898 
534,847 
29,982 
564,829 
Net (loss) income
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(68,233) 
(68,233) 
1,485 
(66,748) 
Other comprehensive income
— 
— 
— 
— 
8,032 
(155)
—
7,877 
— 
7,877 
Dividends paid by subsidiaries to 
non-controlling interests 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
—
— 
(4,294) 
(4,294) 
Non-controlling interests issued
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
—
— 
3,865 
3,865 
Repurchase of common shares 
under the Normal Course Issuer 
Bid  (Note 30)
(8,486) 
— 
— 
(1,456) 
— 
— 
— 
(9,942) 
— 
(9,942) 
Acquisition of non-controlling 
interests
— 
— 
(1,749) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(1,749) 
(3,737) 
(5,486) 
Settlement of share-based awards 
(Note 29, 30)
— 
— 
(1,715) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(1,715) 
— 
(1,715) 
Treasury shares acquired 
(Note 30)
— 
(1,625) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(1,625) 
— 
(1,625) 
Deferred tax on share-based 
payments
— 
— 
534 
— 
— 
— 
— 
534 
— 
534 
Shares settled from treasury 
(Note 30)
— 
1,629 
(1,629) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
Share-based compensation 
(Note 29)
— 
— 
8,033 
— 
— 
— 
— 
8,033 
— 
8,033 
Balance, December 31, 2024
426,146 
(315) 
7,591
(52,981) 
15,921 
— 
71,665 
468,027 
27,301 
495,328 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 4  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
For the Year Ended
(in thousands of Canadian dollars)
Attributable to AutoCanada shareholders
Share 
capital
$
Treasury
shares
$
Contributed 
surplus
(deficit)
$
Share 
repurchase 
(deficit)
$
Cumulative
translation
adjustment
$
OCI hedge 
reserve
$
Retained 
earnings
$
Total 
capital
$
Non-
controlling
interests
$
Total 
equity
$
Balance at December 31, 2022 
as originally presented
433,693 
(672) 
(64,743) 
— 
1,400 
(1,187) 
89,408 
457,899 
28,898 
486,797 
Reclassification of share 
repurchase (deficit)
— 
— 
51,525
(51,525) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
Balance, January 1, 2023
433,693 
(672) 
(13,218)
(51,525) 
1,400 
(1,187) 
89,408 
457,899 
28,898 
486,797 
Net income
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
50,490 
50,490 
3,291 
53,781 
Other comprehensive income
— 
— 
— 
— 
6,489 
1,342 
— 
7,831 
— 
7,831 
Dividends paid by subsidiaries to 
non-controlling interests       
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(3,595) 
(3,595) 
Non-controlling interests arising 
on acquisition
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,388 
1,388 
Forward share purchase  (Note 27)
— 
— 
(1,972) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(1,972) 
— 
(1,972) 
Purchase of Used Digital Division 
Minority Interest (Note 14)
— 
— 
13,831 
— 
— 
— 
— 
13,831 
— 
13,831 
Repayment of Executive Advance 
— 
— 
1,624 
— 
1,624 
— 
1,624 
Settlement of share-based awards 
(Note 29, 30)
939 
— 
(1,473) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(534)
—
(534) 
Treasury shares acquired 
(Note 30)
— 
(47)
—
— 
— 
— 
— 
(47)
—
(47) 
Deferred tax on share-based 
payments
— 
— 
(760)
—
— 
— 
— 
(760)
—
(760) 
Shares settled from treasury 
(Note 30)
— 
400 
(400)
—
— 
— 
— 
— 
—
— 
Share-based compensation 
(Note 29)
— 
— 
6,485 
—
— 
— 
— 
6,485 
—
6,485 
Balance, December 31, 2023
434,632 
(319)
4,117
(51,525) 
7,889 
155 
139,898 
534,847 
29,982 
564,829 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 5  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Years Ended
(in thousands of Canadian dollars)
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities
Net (loss) income for the year 
(66,748) 
53,781 
Adjustments for: 
 Income tax expense (Note 12)
21,733 
30,584 
Finance costs (Note 11, 18) 
155,598 
145,939 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets (Note 24)
35,919 
33,443 
Depreciation of property and equipment (Note 19)
25,843 
25,030 
 Amortization of intangible assets (Note 20)
503 
529 
 Gain on disposal of assets, net (Note 10)
(29,781) 
(422) 
Share-based compensation (Note 29)
8,033 
6,485 
Share-based compensation - Used Digital Division (Note 14, 29)
— 
36,725 
Unrealized fair value changes on foreign exchange forward contracts (Note 25)
3,853 
(2,267) 
Revaluation of redemption liabilities (Note 14)
486 
(3,639) 
Net impairment (recoveries) of non-financial assets (Note 20, 24)
21,058 
(3,538) 
 Net change in non-cash working capital (Note 36) 
1,325 
(3,552) 
177,822 
319,098 
Income taxes paid
(537) 
(58,371) 
Interest paid 
(144,412) 
(140,292) 
Tax withholdings paid on settlement of share-based awards
(1,247) 
(901) 
31,626 
119,534 
Investing activities
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (Note 13)
(20,197) 
(47,027) 
Purchases of property and equipment (Note 19)
(33,282) 
(77,416) 
Additions to intangible assets (Note 20)
(790) 
(2,102) 
Settlement of prior year business acquisitions
(491)
817
Proceeds on sale of property and equipment
63,123 
299 
Proceeds on divestiture of dealerships (Note 34)
59,497 
— 
67,860 
(125,429) 
Financing activities
Proceeds from indebtedness  (Note 23)
635,046 
674,560 
Repayment of indebtedness  (Note 23)
(657,730) 
(669,334) 
Repayment of executive advance 
— 
1,624 
Repurchase of common shares under Normal Course Issuer Bid (Note 30)
(9,942) 
— 
Payments for purchase of Used Digital Division minority interest (Note 35)
(22,500) 
— 
Shares settled from treasury (Note 30)
4 
353 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net
— 
279 
Acquisition of non-controlling interests
(5,486) 
— 
Proceeds from sale of equity interest in 15154871 Canada Inc.
— 
25,000 
Settlement of redemption liabilities
— 
(1,444) 
Repayment of loan by non-controlling interests
2,961 
3,083 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests
(4,294) 
(3,595) 
Principal portion of lease payments
(31,984) 
(28,828) 
(93,925) 
1,698 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
(1,359) 
(958) 
Net increase (decrease) in cash
4,202 
(5,155) 
Cash at beginning of year
103,146 
108,301 
Cash at end of year
107,348 
103,146 
Included in cash per balance sheet
67,343 
103,146 
Included in the assets of the discontinued operation (Note 18)
40,005 
— 
Cash flows of discontinued operation (Note 18) 
     The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Page 6  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
(in thousands of Canadian dollars except for share and per share amounts)
1       General information
AutoCanada Inc. (“AutoCanada” or the “Company”) is incorporated in Alberta, Canada with common shares 
listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol of “ACQ”. The business of AutoCanada, held in 
its subsidiaries, is the operation of franchised automobile dealerships and related businesses in the Provinces of 
British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and in 
the State of Illinois in the United States. The Company offers a diversified range of automotive products and 
services, including new vehicles, used vehicles, vehicle leasing, vehicle parts, vehicle maintenance and 
collision repair services, extended service contracts, vehicle protection products, after-market products, and 
auction services. The Company also arranges financing and insurance for vehicle purchases by its customers 
through third-party finance and insurance sources. The address of its registered office is 200, 15511 123 Avenue 
NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5V 0C3.
2        Basis of presentation
These annual consolidated financial statements ("Annual Financial Statements") have been prepared in 
accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS 
Accounting Standards”).
The preparation of Annual Financial Statements in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards requires the use 
of certain critical accounting estimates. The areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the 
Annual Financial Statements are described in Note 5. 
The Company’s retail automobile dealerships and related businesses in its Canadian Operations and its collision 
repair services in its U.S. Operations are presented herein as continuing operations. The Company’s retail 
automobile dealerships in its U.S. Operations have been classified and presented as a discontinued operation 
(Note 18).
These Annual Financial Statements were approved by the Board of Directors on March 19, 2025.
3        Material accounting policy information
The significant accounting policies used in the preparation of these Annual Financial Statements are as follows:
Basis of measurement
The Annual Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for the 
revaluation of certain financial assets and financial liabilities to fair value, including derivative instruments and 
redemption liabilities.
Principles of consolidation
The Annual Financial Statements comprise the financial statements of AutoCanada and its subsidiaries. 
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Company has control. The Company uses judgment in determining 
the entities that it controls and therefore consolidates. Judgment is also applied in determining whether the 
Company controls the entities in which it does not have full ownership rights. Most often, judgment involves 
reviewing contractual rights to determine if rights are participating (giving power over one entity) or protective 
rights (protecting the Company’s interest without giving it power). Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the 
date control is transferred to the Company, and are no longer consolidated on the date control ceases.
Non-controlling interests represent equity interests in subsidiaries owned by outside parties. 
Page 7  •  AutoCanada

Business combinations
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting when the acquired set of 
activities and assets meet the definition of a business and control is transferred to the Company. This involves 
recognizing identifiable assets (including intangible assets not previously recognized by the acquiree) and 
liabilities (including contingent liabilities) of acquired businesses at fair value at the acquisition date. The 
excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If 
the acquisition cost is less than the fair value of the net assets acquired, the fair value of the net assets is re-
assessed and any remaining difference is recognized directly in the Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. 
Contingent consideration is classified as either equity or a financial liability. Any subsequent change to the fair 
value of contingent consideration is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) 
Income.
Non-controlling interests
Non-controlling interests are measured initially at their proportionate share of the acquiree’s or entity's 
identifiable net assets at the date of acquisition or date the interest was granted. Certain arrangements contain 
a vesting component where the non-controlling interest vests over a specified period. 
Non-controlling interests issued in subsidiaries of the Company are recognized at their proportionate share at 
the date of issuance. 
Revenue recognition
(a) New and Used Vehicles
The Company sells new and used vehicles at its franchised dealerships, used dealerships, and related
businesses. The transaction price for a vehicle sale is determined with the customer at the time of sale.
Customers often trade in their own vehicle and apply the value against the purchase price of a new or used
vehicle. The trade-in vehicle is considered non-cash consideration and is measured at fair value, based on
external and internal market data, and applied toward the contract price for the purchased vehicle.
When a vehicle is sold, control is transferred at a point in time upon delivery of the vehicle to the customer,
which is generally at time of sale. The Company does not directly finance customers’ vehicle purchases or
leases, however, in many cases, third-party financing is arranged for the sale or lease of vehicles to its
customers in exchange for a fee paid to the Company by the third-party financial institution. The Company
receives payment directly from the customer at the time of sale or from the third-party financial institution
(referred to as contracts-in-transit or vehicle receivables, which are part of the Company's receivables from
contracts with customers) within a short period of time following the sale.
(b) Parts and service, and Collision Repair
The Company sells parts and services related to customer-paid repairs and maintenance, repairs and
maintenance under manufacturer warranties and extended service contracts, and collision-related repairs.
Each automotive repair and maintenance service is a single performance obligation that includes both the
parts and labour associated with the service. Payment for automotive service work is typically due upon
completion of the service, which is generally completed within a short period of time from contract
inception. The transaction price for automotive repair and maintenance services is based on the parts used,
the number of labour hours applied, and standardized hourly labour rates. The Company satisfies its
performance obligations, transfers control, and recognizes revenue over time for repair and maintenance
services because it is creating an asset with no alternative use and has an enforceable right to payment for
performance completed to date.
The transaction price for retail counter parts sales is determined at the time of sale based on the quantity
and price of each product purchased. Payment is typically due at the time of sale, or within a short period of
time following the sale.  Control is generally considered to transfer at the point of sale or when the products
are shipped, which typically occurs the same day as or within a few days of the sale.
(c) Finance insurance commissions and fees
The Company arranges financing for customers through various financial institutions and receives a
commission from the lender based on the difference between the interest rate charged to the customer and
the interest rate set by the financing institution, or a flat fee.
Page 8  •  AutoCanada

The Company also receives commissions for facilitating the sale of third-party insurance products to 
customers, including credit and life insurance policies and extended service contracts. These commissions 
are recorded as revenue at the time the customer enters into the contract and the Company is entitled to 
the commission. The Company is not the obligor under any of these contracts. In the case of finance 
contracts, a customer may fail to pay their contract, thereby terminating the contract. Customers may also 
terminate extended service contracts, which are fully paid at purchase, and become eligible for refunds of 
unused premiums. In these circumstances, a portion of the commissions the Company receives may be 
charged back to the Company based on the terms of the contracts. These chargebacks are a form of 
variable consideration, and the Company only recognizes commission revenue at the estimated amount of 
consideration to which it ultimately expects to be entitled. This estimate is based on historical chargeback 
experience arising from similar contracts, including the impact of refinance and default rates on retail 
finance contracts and cancellation rates on extended service contracts and other insurance products.
For the majority of finance and insurance product sales, the Company’s performance obligation is to arrange 
for the provision of goods or services by another party. This performance obligation is satisfied when the 
finance and insurance product is delivered to the end-customer, generally at the time of the vehicle sale. As 
an agent, revenue is recognized as the net amount retained after paying the third-party provider for the 
goods or services that party is responsible for fulfilling.
Taxation
(a) Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities
and their carrying amounts in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Deferred tax is calculated
using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period,
and which are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred
income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax liabilities:
●Are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences; and
●Are not recognized on temporary differences that arise from goodwill which is not deductible for tax
purposes.
Deferred tax assets:
●Are recognized to the extent it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the
deductible temporary differences can be utilized; and
●Are reviewed at the end of the reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer
probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be
recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized in respect of temporary differences that arise on initial 
recognition of assets and liabilities, outside of a business combination, that affect neither accounting nor 
taxable profit and do not give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized in respect of temporary differences between the 
carrying amount and tax bases of investments in subsidiaries where the company is able to control the 
timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that the differences will not reverse in 
the foreseeable future.
(b) Current tax
Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which
applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. Provisions are established where appropriate on the
basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Manufacturer incentives and other rebates
Various incentives from manufacturers are received based on achieving certain objectives, such as specified 
sales volume targets. These incentives are typically based on units sold to retail or fleet customers. These 
manufacturer incentives are recognized as a reduction of new vehicle cost of sales when earned, generally at 
the latter of the time the related vehicles are sold or upon attainment of the particular program goals.
Manufacturer rebates to the Company's dealerships and assistance for floorplan interest are reflected as a 
reduction in the carrying value of each vehicle purchased by the Company. These incentives are recognized as 
a reduction to the cost of sales as the related vehicles are sold.
Page 9  •  AutoCanada

Manufacturer advertising rebates that are reimbursements of costs associated with specific advertising 
expenses are earned in accordance with the respective manufacturers’ reimbursement-based advertising 
assistance programs, which is typically after the corresponding advertising expenses have been incurred, and 
are reflected as a reduction in advertising expense included in administrative costs as an operating expense in 
the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Financial instruments
The Company’s financial assets, including cash, trade and other receivables, and other assets are measured at 
amortized cost. 
The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, revolving floorplan facilities, vehicle 
repurchase obligations, current and long-term indebtedness, derivative financial instruments, redemption 
liabilities and lease liabilities. Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost except for redemption 
liabilities, non-hedge interest swaps, contingent consideration and embedded derivative, which are carried at 
fair value through profit or loss. A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is 
discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same 
lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, the 
Company considered both quantitative and qualitative factors in determining whether such an exchange or 
modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The 
difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive 
(Loss) Income.
Cash
Cash includes cash on hand, highly liquid investment grade short-term investments with maturities of three 
months or less and other liquid deposits held with financial institutions. 
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are amounts due from customers, financial institutions and suppliers that arise 
from providing services or sale of goods in the ordinary course of business. Trade and other receivables are 
recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest 
method. The Company applies the simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses, which uses a 
lifetime expected credit loss allowance for all trade receivables. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced 
through the use of an allowance account, and the amount of the loss is recognized as an expense in net 
impairment losses on trade and other receivables in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) 
Income.
When a trade and other receivable is uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account for trade and 
other receivables. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against net impairment 
losses on trade and other receivables in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Inventories
New, used and demonstrator vehicle inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with 
cost determined on a specific item basis. Parts and accessories inventories are carried at the lower of cost and 
net realizable value. Inventories of parts and accessories are accounted for using the “weighted-average cost” 
method.
In determining net realizable value for new vehicles, the Company primarily considers the age of the vehicles 
along with the timing of annual and model changeovers. For used vehicles, the Company considers seasonality, 
recent market data and trends such as loss histories along with the current age of the inventory. Parts 
inventories are primarily assessed considering excess quantity and continued usefulness of the part. The risk of 
loss in value related to parts inventories is minimized since excess or obsolete parts can generally be returned 
to the manufacturer.
Non-current assets (or disposal groups) held for sale and discontinued operation
Non-current assets (or disposal groups) are classified as assets held for sale when their carrying amount is to be 
recovered principally through a sale transaction, rather than continuing use, and a sale is highly probable. 
Assets (or disposal groups) designated as held for sale are held at the lower of carrying amount at designation 
and fair value less costs to sell. 
An impairment loss is recognized for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset (or disposal group) to fair 
value less costs to sell. A gain is recognized for any subsequent increases in fair value less costs to sell of an 
asset (or disposal group), but not in excess of any cumulative impairment loss previously recognized. A gain or 
loss not previously recognized by the date of the sale of the non-current asset (or disposal group) is recognized 
at the date of derecognition.
Page 10  •  AutoCanada

Depreciation is not charged against property and equipment classified as held for sale (including those that are 
part of a disposal group).
Non-current assets classified as held for sale and the assets of a disposal group classified as held for sale are 
presented separately from the other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The liabilities 
of a disposal group classified as held for sale are presented separately from other liabilities in the Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Position.
A discontinued operation is a component of the Company that has been disposed of or is classified as held for 
sale and that represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, is part of a single 
coordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations, or is a subsidiary acquired 
exclusively with a view to resale. The results of a discontinued operation are presented separately in the 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment 
losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. Residual values, 
useful lives and methods of depreciation are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each financial year end. 
Land is not depreciated. Other than as noted below, depreciation of property and equipment is provided for 
over the estimated useful life of the assets on a declining balance basis at the following annual rates:
Machinery and equipment
 20 %
Furniture, fixtures and other
 20 %
Company and lease vehicles
 30 %
Computer equipment
 30 %
Buildings are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the buildings ranging from 
10 to 40 years. Useful lives are determined based on independent appraisals. 
The useful life of leasehold improvements is determined to be the lesser of the lease term or the estimated 
useful life of the improvement. Leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over 
the useful life of the asset.
Depreciation of leased vehicles is based on a straight-line depreciation of the difference between the cost and 
the estimated residual value at the end of the lease over the term of the lease. Leased vehicle residual values 
are regularly reviewed to determine whether depreciation rates are reasonable.
Intangible assets
(a) Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired in a business combination consist of rights under franchise agreements ("Dealer
Agreements") and certifications with automobile manufacturers. The Company has determined that Dealer
Agreements and certifications will continue to contribute to cash flows indefinitely and, therefore, have
indefinite lives due to the following reasons:
●Specific Dealer Agreements continue indefinitely by their terms; and
●Specific Dealer Agreements and certifications have limited terms, but are routinely renewed without
substantial cost to the Company.
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. When acquired in a business 
combination, the cost is determined in connection with the purchase price allocation based on their 
respective fair values at the acquisition date. The fair value is determined based on the multi-period excess 
earnings method, using the discounted cash flow model. When market value is not readily determinable, 
cost is determined using generally accepted valuation methods based on revenues, costs, or other 
appropriate criteria.
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Intangible assets with finite 
lives are amortized over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an 
indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization expense on intangible assets with 
finite lives is recognized in the statement of profit or loss in the expense category that is consistent with the 
function of the intangible assets.
Page 11  •  AutoCanada

(b) Research and development costs
Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditures on an individual project are
recognized as an intangible asset when the Company can demonstrate:
●The technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that the asset will be available for use
or sale;
●Its intention to complete and its ability and intention to use or sell the asset;
●How the asset will generate future economic benefits;
●The availability of resources to complete the asset; and
●The ability to measure reliably the expenditure during development.
Following initial recognition of the development expenditure as an asset, the asset is carried at cost less any 
accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization of the asset begins when 
development is complete, and the asset is available for use. It is amortized over the period of expected 
future benefit. Amortization is recorded in operating expenses. During the period of development, the asset 
is tested for impairment annually.
(c) Software as a Service (SaaS)
Service fees associated with SaaS arrangements are recognized as an expense in the period that they are
incurred, unless it can be determined that the terms of the service arrangement provide the Company with
an identifiable asset. Costs that are incurred that are directly relatable to configuration or customization of
such SaaS arrangements are also assessed for whether they meet the definition of an asset, those that do
not meet the criteria are expensed as incurred or expensed over the term of the contract if they are not able
to be separately identified from the SaaS arrangement.
Impairment
Impairments are recorded when the recoverable amounts of assets are less than their carrying amounts. The 
recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to dispose or its value in use. Impairment 
losses, other than those relating to goodwill, are evaluated for potential reversals of impairment when events or 
changes in circumstances warrant such consideration.
(a) Non-financial assets
The carrying values of non-financial assets with finite lives, such as property and equipment and right-of-use
assets, are assessed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their
carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped as
cash generating units (CGUs), the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows.
(b) Intangible assets and goodwill
The carrying values of all intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill are reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable.
Additionally, the carrying values of identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill are tested
annually for impairment. Specifically:
●Our Dealer Agreements and certifications with indefinite lives are subject to an annual impairment
assessment. For purposes of impairment testing, the fair value of the Company's Dealer Agreements
is determined using a combination of a discounted cash flow approach and earnings multiple
approach.
●For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to CGUs based on the level at which
management monitors it, which is not higher than an operating segment before aggregation.
Goodwill is allocated to those CGUs that are expected to benefit from the business combination in
which the goodwill arose.
Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary 
course of business. Trade and other payables are recognized initially at fair value, subsequently measured at 
amortized cost, and classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year. 
Page 12  •  AutoCanada

Leases
(a) The Company as a lessee
The Company leases various properties with agreements ranging from 1 to 23 years but may have extension
options as described below. Lease terms are negotiated on an individual basis and contain a wide range of
different terms and conditions.
The right-of-use asset is depreciated over the shorter of the asset's useful life and the lease term on a
straight-line basis.
Lease liabilities include the net present value of fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments) less
any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, amounts
expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees, the exercise price of a purchase
option if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and payments of penalties for terminating
the lease if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising that option. The lease payments are discounted
using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be determined, or the Company’s incremental
borrowing rate.
Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability
and any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, any
initial direct costs, and restoration costs.
Payments associated with short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognized on a straight-line
basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. Low- 
value assets comprise IT equipment and office furniture.
(b) The Company as a lessor
Lease obligations are classified as either operating or finance, based on the substance of the transaction at
inception of the lease. Classification is reassessed if the terms of the lease are changed.
(i) Finance leases
Leases in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred are classified as 
finance leases.
When assets are leased out under a finance lease, the present value of the lease payments is recognized 
as a receivable. The difference between the gross receivable and the present value of the receivable is 
recognized as unearned finance income.
(ii) Operating leases
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership is retained by the lessor are 
classified as operating leases.
When assets are leased out under an operating lease, the asset is included in the Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Position based on the nature of the asset. Lease income on operating leases is 
recognized over the term of the lease on a straight-line basis.
Redemption liabilities
The potential cash payments related to put options issued by the Company over the equity of subsidiary 
companies are accounted for as financial liabilities when such options are to be settled in cash or a variable 
number of shares. The amount that may become payable under the option on exercise is initially recognized at 
fair value within redemption liabilities with a corresponding charge directly to equity attributable to 
AutoCanada shareholders or share-based compensation. Subsequently, if the Company revises its estimates, 
the carrying amount of the redemption liability is adjusted and the adjustment will be recognized as income or 
expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Put options that are not exercisable 
for at least one year from the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position date are presented as long-term 
redemption liabilities.
Share-based payments
The Company operates a number of share-based compensation plans for the benefit of certain employees and 
directors, as described in Note 29.
The accounting for a share-based payment plan is based on whether the arrangement is classified as equity-
settled or cash-settled. Equity-settled arrangements are those in which the Company receives services as 
consideration for its own equity instruments. Cash-settled arrangements arise where the Company pays the 
employee cash amounts based on the value of the Company’s shares.
Page 13  •  AutoCanada

The fair value of equity-settled awards is recognized as an expense over the vesting period with a 
corresponding increase in equity or redemption liabilities. The total amount to be expensed is determined by 
reference to the fair value of the options at the grant date.   
Foreign currency translation
The financial results of the dealerships that operate in the United States (U.S.) are translated from the functional 
currency of U.S. dollars into the reporting currency of Canadian dollars upon consolidation. Assets and 
liabilities have been translated to the reporting currency of Canadian dollars using the exchange rates in effect 
on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position dates. Revenue and expense accounts are translated 
using the average exchange rate during the period. The cumulative translation adjustments associated with the 
net assets of foreign subsidiaries are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income in the 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.
Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of foreign operations are treated as assets and 
liabilities of the foreign operation and translated at the closing exchange rate.
Derivative financial instruments
Derivatives are recognized initially at fair value on the date of contract inception and are subsequently re-
measured to current fair value at the end of each reporting period.  The accounting for subsequent changes in 
fair value depends on whether the instrument is designated as a hedging instrument and, if so, the nature of the 
item being hedged.  The Company currently does not hold any derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
At the inception of the hedge relationship, the Company documents the economic relationship between the 
hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking 
hedge transactions.  The effective portion of changes in the fair value of qualifying hedging derivatives is 
recognized as a reserve within equity.  The gain or loss relating to any ineffective portion is recognized 
immediately in profit or loss.  The periodic net settlement of the interest rate swap is recognized in profit or loss 
within finance costs at the same time as the interest expense on the hedged borrowings.
Upon the expiry, sale, or termination of a hedging instrument, any cumulative deferred gain or loss and 
deferred costs of hedging remain in equity until the original hedged transactions occur.
Further information on the Company’s risk management and hedge accounting is presented in Note 25.
Certain derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in the fair value of any derivative 
instrument that does not qualify for hedge accounting are recognized immediately in profit or loss and are 
included in Revenue and Finance costs, as disclosed in Note 25.
The full fair value of a derivative instrument is classified as a non-current asset or liability when the remaining 
maturity of the hedged item is greater than one year.
Segment reporting
The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is identified as the Executive Chair and is responsible 
for allocating resources and assessing the performance of each dealership. Supporting the CODM is the 
President, North American Operations, who reports to the CODM. The Company will report segmented 
information by Canadian Operations and U.S. Operations. Each reportable operating segment is comprised of 
retail automobile dealerships and related businesses, which have been aggregated based on their economic 
similarities. 
The Company's CODM measures the performance of each operating segment based on operating profit, which 
is defined as income before income taxes, net finance costs and other income (expense). The segmented 
information is set out in Note 37.
 
Page 14  •  AutoCanada

4        New and amended accounting standards issued
Accounting standards and amendments issued and adopted in 2024 
Non-current liabilities with covenants and classification of liabilities as current or non-current  
(Amendments to IAS 1)
In October 2022, IASB issued amendments to IAS 1 to further clarify the earlier amendments, stating that 
liabilities are classified as either current or non-current based on the rights that exist at the end of a reporting 
period. Covenants of loan arrangements will not affect classification of a liability as current or non-current at 
the reporting date if the entity must only comply with the covenants after the reporting date. Only those 
covenants that must be complied with as at or before the reporting date will affect classification, even if the 
covenant is tested for compliance after the reporting date. Additional disclosures are required in the instances 
that a company classifies a liability as non-current and that liability is subject to covenants that must be 
complied with within 12 months of the reporting date.
Lease liability in a sale and leaseback (Amendments to IFRS 16) 
In September 2022, narrow-scope amendments to IFRS 16 Leases ("IFRS 16") were made, finalizing 
requirements on how a company accounts for sale and leaseback transactions, specifically addressing 
treatment after the date of transaction. These amendments specify that, in measuring the lease liability 
subsequent to the sale and leaseback, the seller-lessee determines the "lease payments" and ''revised lease 
payments" in a manner preventing the seller-lessee from recognizing any amount of the gain or loss related to 
the right of use retained. This may particularly affect transactions where lease payments encompass variable 
payments that do not use an index or a rate.
Supplier finance arrangements (Amendments to IAS 7 and IFRS 7)
Amendments to IAS 7 and IFRS 7 were made in August 2023, requiring new disclosures related to supplier 
finance arrangements ("SFA's") with the objective to provide information about SFAs that enables investors to 
assess the effects on a company's liabilities, cash flows and exposure to liquidity risk. Further, these 
amendments specify the terms and conditions of SFAs that these new disclosures requirements are within 
scope for annual periods during the first year of application.
The amendments listed above did not have a material impact on the amounts recognized in prior periods and 
are not expected to significantly affect the current or future periods. 
Accounting standards and amendments issued but not yet adopted in 2024
Certain new standards, interpretations, amendments, and improvements to existing standards were issued by 
the IASB or International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) that are not effective for the 
year ended December 31, 2024, and have not been applied in the preparation of these Annual Financial 
Statements. 
The standards issued that are applicable to the Company are as follows:
Lack of Exchangeability  (Amendments to IAS 21)
In August 2023, the IASB amended IAS 21 to help entities to determine whether a currency is exchangeable into 
another currency, and which spot exchange rate to use when it is not.
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2025. The Company 
does not expect this amendment to have a material impact on its operations or financial statements.
Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments (Amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7)
On May 30, 2024, the IASB issued targeted amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 to respond to recent questions 
arising in practice, and to include new requirements not only for financial institutions but also for corporate 
entities. These amendments:
●clarify the date of recognition and derecognition of some financial assets and liabilities, with a new
exception for some financial liabilities settled through an electronic cash transfer system;
●clarify and add further guidance for assessing whether a financial asset meets the solely payments of
principal and interest (SPPI) criterion;
●add new disclosures for certain instruments with contractual terms that can change cash flows (such
as some financial instruments with features linked to the achievement of environment, social and
governance targets); and
●update the disclosures for equity instruments designated at fair value through other comprehensive
income (FVOCI).
 
Page 15  •  AutoCanada

The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026, these 
amendments are to be applied retrospectively in accordance with IAS 8, with early adoption permitted. The 
Company is assessing the potential impact of this standard.
Presentation and disclosure of information in financial statements (IFRS 18)
IFRS 18 will replace IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements, introducing new requirements that will help to 
achieve comparability of the financial performance of similar entities and provide more relevant information 
and transparency to users. Even though IFRS 18 will not impact the recognition or measurement of items in the 
financial statements, its impacts on presentation and disclosure are expected to be pervasive, in particular 
those related to the statement of financial performance and providing management-defined performance 
measures within the financial statements.
The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2027, this standard is to 
be applied retrospectively in accordance with IAS 8, with early adoption permitted. The Company is  assessing 
the potential impact of this standard.
5        Critical accounting estimates
The preparation of Annual Financial Statements requires management to make estimates about the future. 
Estimates are continuously evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results may differ from these estimates. Critical estimates and assumptions were used to determine the 
value of the following assets and liabilities.
Intangible assets and goodwill
Intangible assets and goodwill generally arise from business combinations. The Company applies the 
acquisition method of accounting for these transactions, which involves the allocation of the cost of an 
acquisition to the underlying net assets acquired based on their respective estimated fair values. As part of this 
allocation process, the Company must identify and attribute values to the intangible assets acquired. 
Management applies significant judgement in estimating the fair value of the intangible assets. These 
determinations involve significant estimates and assumptions regarding projected operating margins, terminal 
growth rates and discount rates. 
These estimates and assumptions determine the amount allocated to intangible assets and goodwill. If future 
events or results differ significantly from these estimates and assumptions, the Company may record 
impairment charges in the future.  
The Company tests at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they 
may be impaired, in accordance with its accounting policies. The recoverable amounts of CGUs have been 
estimated based on the greater of fair value less costs to dispose and value in use calculations (Note 20).
Fair value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statements of 
Financial Position cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured 
using valuation techniques including the discounted cash flow ("DCF") method. The inputs to these models are 
taken from observable market data where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is 
required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit 
risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions relating to these factors could affect the reported fair value of 
financial on instruments. See Note 32 for further disclosure.
Inventories
Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value with cost determined on a specific item 
basis for new and used vehicles. In determining net realizable value for new vehicles, the Company primarily 
considers the age of the vehicles along with the timing of annual and model changeovers. For used vehicles, 
the Company considers seasonality, recent market data and trends such as loss histories along with the current 
age of the inventory. The determination of net realizable value for inventories involves the use of estimates.
 
Page 16  •  AutoCanada

Redemption liabilities
Redemption liabilities arise during business combinations where non-controlling interest shareholders have the 
right to require the Company to redeem their equity interests in certain non-wholly owned subsidiaries (refer to 
Note 14). The redemption amounts are determined with reference to the future profitability generated by those 
subsidiaries and their operating businesses. The Company will initially recognize a financial liability at the 
present value of the estimated redemption amount, and at the end of each subsequent reporting period, the 
Company will revisit its estimates. If the Company revises its estimates, the Company will adjust the carrying 
amount of the financial liability to reflect revised estimated profitability and the adjustments will be recognized 
as income or expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Leases
i.
Critical judgments in determining the lease term
Extension and termination options are included in a number of property leases held by the Company. In 
determining the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic 
incentive to exercise an extension option, or not exercise a termination option. Extension options (or periods 
after termination options) are only included in the lease term if the lease is reasonably certain to be extended 
(or not terminated). Potential future cash outflows have not been included in the lease liability if it is not 
reasonably certain that the leases will be extended. 
The assessment is reviewed if a significant event or a significant change in circumstances occurs that affects 
this assessment and that is within the control of the lessee.
ii. Estimation uncertainty arising from variable lease payments
Certain leases contain variable payment terms that are linked to the consumer price index.
Deferred taxes
The extent to which deferred tax assets are recognized is based on estimates of future profitability. 
Management has concluded that it is probable that the deferred tax assets will be recovered using estimated 
future taxable income, based on approved business plans and budgets for each segment. The estimates will be 
updated in future periods, which may result in increases or decreases in the amount of deferred tax assets 
recognized based on the amount judged to be probable of recovery.
6        Revenue
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
New vehicles
2,306,112 
2,242,329 
Used vehicles
2,054,855 
2,360,703 
Parts and service
556,297 
565,571 
Collision repair
130,913 
116,123 
Finance, insurance and other
303,495 
322,468 
Revenue
5,351,672 
5,607,194 
1    Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation for: i) reclassification of discontinued operation (Note 18); 
and ii) reclassification from parts, service and collision repair to collision repair.
 
Page 17  •  AutoCanada

7        Cost of sales
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
New vehicles
2,135,316 
2,045,808 
Used vehicles
1,988,369 
2,243,078 
Parts and service
254,317 
260,931 
Collision repair
65,718 
59,051 
Finance, insurance and other
25,675 
20,664 
Cost of sales
4,469,395 
4,629,532 
1    Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation for: i) reclassification of discontinued operation (Note 18); 
and ii) reclassification from parts, service and collision repair to collision repair.
8       Operating expenses
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
Employee costs (Note 9)
445,819 
495,939 
Administrative costs 
228,048 
222,318 
Facility lease costs
4,747 
5,152 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets (Note 24)
32,797 
30,495 
Depreciation of property and equipment (Note 19)
23,398 
22,726 
 Amortization of intangible assets (Note 20) 
503 
529 
Operating expenses
735,312 
777,159 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
9        Employee costs
Operating expenses incurred in respect of employees were as follows:
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
Wages, salaries and commissions
382,385 
404,808 
Withholding taxes and insurance
35,091 
30,946 
Employee benefits
14,572 
16,579 
Share-based compensation (Note 29)
8,033 
43,210 
Termination and other benefits
5,738 
396 
Employee costs
445,819 
495,939 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
 
Page 18  •  AutoCanada

10     Lease and other income and gain on disposal of assets, net
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
Lease and other income
Lease and rental income
5,948 
8,743 
Other income
1,902 
4,032 
7,850 
12,775 
Gain on disposal of assets, net
Gain on lease terminations, net
1,460 
391 
(Loss) gain on disposals of property and equipment, net
(2,375) 
51 
Gain on disposal of assets held for sale (Note 17)
30,696 
— 
29,781 
442 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
11      Finance costs and finance income 
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
Finance costs
Interest on long-term indebtedness
25,560 
29,498 
Interest on lease liabilities (Note 24)
31,837 
29,680 
Loss on extinguishment of debt 
— 
1,382 
Unrealized fair value changes on non-hedging instruments (Note 25)
10,030 
928 
Amortization of terminated hedges (Note 25)
— 
3,067 
67,427 
64,555 
Floorplan financing
64,118 
60,528 
Interest rate swap settlements (Note 25)
(4,774) 
(6,624) 
Other finance costs
2,907 
4,561 
129,678 
123,020 
Finance income
Interest on net investment in lease (Note 24)
58 
61 
Short-term bank deposits
2,616 
3,285 
2,674 
3,346 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
 
Page 19  •  AutoCanada

12     Taxation
Reconciliation of effective income tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:
2024
$
2023
Revised (1)
$
Income for the year before tax from continuing operations
44,673
98,672
Income for the year before tax multiplied by the blended rate of Canadian corporate 
tax of 25.5% (2023 - 25.4%)
11,401
25,063
Effects of:
Tax losses and deductible temporary differences not recognized
— 
— 
Adjustment in respect of prior years
612
14
Impact of non-deductible and other permanent items
(4,598)
4,985
Impact of recovery of non-financial assets
(289)
(225)
Impact of change in substantively enacted rates
(32)
18
Impact of income tax rate differentials
99
638
Other, net
842
206
Income tax expense
8,035
30,699
Effective income tax rate
 18.0 %
 31.1 %
1    Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
Segmented components of income tax:
2024
$
2023
$
Canada
15,222 
21,964 
U.S.
— 
— 
Current income tax expense
15,222 
21,964 
Canada
(7,187) 
8,735 
U.S.
— 
— 
Deferred income tax expense
(7,187) 
8,735 
Total income tax expense
8,035 
30,699 
Income tax expense attributable to: 
2024
$
2023 
$
Continuing operations:
Income tax expense
15,222 
21,964 
Deferred income tax (recovery) expense
(7,187) 
8,735 
8,035 
30,699 
Discontinued operation:
Income tax expense (recovery)
— 
(115) 
Deferred income tax expense
13,698 
— 
13,698 
(115) 
Total income tax expense
21,733 
30,584 
Components of deferred income tax: 
2024
$
2023
$
Deferred tax asset
18,840 
35,444 
Deferred tax liability
(44,613) 
(55,768) 
Net deferred tax liability
(25,773) 
(20,324) 
 
Page 20  •  AutoCanada

The movements of deferred tax assets and liabilities are shown below:
Deferred tax 
assets 
(liabilities)
Deferred 
income from 
partnerships
$
Property 
and 
equipment
$
Intangible 
assets
and
goodwill
$
Right-of-
use assets 
net of lease 
liabilities
$
Derivative 
financial 
instruments
$
Non-
capital 
losses
$
Share- 
based 
payments
$
Other
$
Total
$
January 1, 
2023
(4,606) 
(758)
(37,552)
12,846 
(3,209)  15,206 
1,777 
6,370
(9,926) 
(Expense) 
benefit 
charged to 
income taxes
(2,173) 
(703)
(3,113)
1,886 
(320)
(4,249)
1,015  (1,078) 
(8,735) 
Amounts 
charged to 
other 
comprehensive 
income
— 
— 
— 
— 
(458)
—
— 
— 
(458) 
Amounts 
charged to 
contributed 
surplus (deficit)
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(760)
—
(760) 
Acquisition of 
subsidiaries 
(Note 13)
— 
(151)
—
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(151) 
Other
— 
25 
(314)
—
— 
— 
— 
(5)
(294)
December 31, 
2023
(6,779) 
(1,587) 
(40,979) 
14,732 
(3,987)  10,957 
2,032 
5,287
 (20,324) 
(Expense) 
benefit 
charged to 
income taxes
5,244 
(1,578) 
(2,845) 
2,418 
3,445 
1,105 
1,243  (1,845) 
7,187 
Amounts 
charged to 
other 
comprehensive 
income
— 
— 
— 
— 
51 
— 
— 
— 
51 
Amounts 
charged to 
contributed 
surplus
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
534 
— 
534 
Derecognition 
of US deferred 
tax asset
— 
— 
(13,698) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
472 
(13,226) 
Other
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
5 
5 
December 31, 
2024
(1,535) 
(3,165) 
(57,522) 
17,150 
(491)
12,062 
3,809 
3,919
(25,773) 
Changes in the deferred income tax components are adjusted through deferred tax expense. Of the above 
components of the deferred income tax (liability) asset, ($1,535) (2023 - $(6,779)) is expected to be recovered 
within 12 months. 
 
Page 21  •  AutoCanada

The unrecognized deductible temporary differences relating to the U.S Operations are as follows:
2024
$
2023
$
Total U.S. deductible temporary differences
187,302 
128,543 
Less: 
U.S. unrecognized deductible temporary differences, other than tax losses
(85,904) 
(25,637) 
U.S. unrecognized tax losses
(101,398) 
(56,521) 
Total unrecognized deductible temporary differences
(187,302) 
(82,158) 
Net recognized deductible temporary differences relating to the U.S. 
Operations
— 
46,385 
Net recognized deferred tax asset
— 
13,226 
As at December 31, 2024, the Company has recognized the benefit of $nil (2023 - $46,385) of the deductible 
temporary differences relating to the U.S. discontinued operations, as a deferred tax asset. Deferred tax assets 
have not been recognized in respect of these items because it is not probable that future taxable profit will be 
available against which the Company will be able to use these benefits. 
The Company's U.S. Operations have federal and state net operating losses of $101,398 and $118,225, 
respectively (2023 - $56,521 and $71,989). The federal losses can be carried forward indefinitely, while the state 
losses expire, between 2038 and 2044.  
The Company also has Canadian non-capital losses of $48,849 (2023 - $45,619) available to reduce future 
taxable income, until their expiry between 2032 and 2044.  
Pillar Two legislation has been enacted in Canada and is effective for the Group’s financial year beginning 1 
January 2024. AutoCanada has performed an assessment of the group’s exposure to Pillar Two income taxes 
based on the most recent information available regarding the financial performance of the constituent entities 
of AutoCanada. Based on the assessment performed, AutoCanada is not subject to Pillar Two top-up taxes for 
the year ending December 31, 2024.
 
Page 22  •  AutoCanada

 13 Business acquisitions 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company completed a business acquisition that was accounted 
for using the acquisition method. 
Acquisition of Nurse Chevrolet Cadillac and Collision Centre
On June 24, 2024, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Nurse Chevrolet Cadillac Dealership 
and Collision Centre in Oshawa, Ontario. The acquisition supports management's strategic objectives of further 
expanding the Company's automobile dealership presence and collision centre capacity in the Province of 
Ontario.
The estimated provisional purchase price allocations, which are subject to the finalization of the valuation of 
acquired assets and assumed liabilities, of the business acquisitions completed during the year ended 
December 31, 2024 are summarized as follows:
Total
$
Current assets
Cash
2 
Trade and other receivables
91 
Inventories
2,687 
2,780 
Long-term assets
Property and equipment
1,495 
Right-of-use assets
18,850 
Intangible assets
14,820 
Total assets
37,945 
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
122 
Lease liabilities
70 
192 
Long-term liabilities
Lease liabilities
18,780 
Total liabilities
18,972 
Net identifiable assets acquired
18,973 
Goodwill
1,226 
Total net assets acquired
20,199 
Total consideration
20,199 
The goodwill is attributable to the workforce, synergies from combining operations of the acquirees and 
profitability of the acquired businesses. Goodwill of $nil is deductible for tax purposes.
The results of operations of the acquired entities are included in the Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive (Loss) Income from the date of acquisition. Such results of operations and the related assets 
and liabilities at the statement of financial position date are included in the Consolidated Statements of 
Financial Position. 
The results of operations of the acquired entities since the acquisition dates contributed an insignificant 
amount of revenue and net income to the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the 
period ended December 31, 2024. Had the acquisitions occurred at January 1, 2024, consolidated pro-forma 
revenue and net loss for the period ended December  31, 2024 would have been $6,132,440 and ($67,287) 
respectively.
 
Page 23  •  AutoCanada

These amounts have been calculated using the subsidiary's results and adjusting them for:
●Income tax expense (recovery); and
●Leasing arrangements as if they had been entered into on January 1, 2024.
Transaction costs of $198 have been expensed and recorded in operating expenses.
Prior year business acquisitions
During the 12-month period ended December 31, 2024, new information was obtained about circumstances 
that existed at the acquisition date, which resulted in certain adjustments of the fair value of net identifiable 
assets acquired for the following acquisitions:
●DCC Hail, acquired in February 2023
●Premier Chevrolet Cadillac Buick GMC Dealership and Collision Centre, acquired in April 2023
●London Auto Collision Limited, acquired in May 2023
These adjustments are not significant and have been adjusted for prospectively in these Annual Financial 
Statements. Provisional amounts upon acquisition were previously disclosed in the Annual Financial Statements 
for the year ended December 31, 2023 for the above acquisitions.   
 14
Interest in subsidiaries 
Certain subsidiaries of the Company have non-controlling interests ("NCI") held by other parties. The interests 
in these subsidiaries are summarized as follows: 
 Subsidiary
Principal place of 
business
Proportion of 
ownership interests 
held by non-
controlling interests
Proportion of voting 
rights held by non-
controlling interests
Ericksen M-B Ltd.
Alberta
 10 %
 10 %
GI G Auto HoldCo Inc. 
British Columbia
 10 %
 10 %
WBG Auto HoldCo Ltd.
Manitoba
 10 %
 10 %
WAM Motors LP
Manitoba
 5 %
 5 %
Brantford Auto LP
Ontario
 10 %
 10 %
PCCBG Auto HoldCo Inc.
Ontario
 5 %
 5 %
15154871 Canada Inc.
Ontario
 10 %
 — %
AutoCanada C Holdings Inc.
Quebec
 15 %
 15 %
Canbec Automobile Inc. 
Quebec
 15 %
 15 %
Auto Bugatti Inc.
Quebec
 25 %
 25 %
RS M Motors LP
Quebec
 5 %
 5 %
NBFG Auto Holdco Inc.. 
Saskatchewan
 5 %
 5 %
2282239 Alberta Ltd. 
Saskatchewan
 10 %
 10 %
 2282237 Alberta Ltd. 
Saskatchewan
 10 %
 10 %
The subsidiaries are companies that own automotive dealerships and related businesses. For purposes of 
disclosure, the non-controlling interest profit and loss, and accumulated non-controlling interest of the 
subsidiaries at the end of the reporting period are reported in aggregate as the subsidiaries are similar in nature 
and risk, based on assessment of the interest and industry classification.
The Company provides long-term loans to specific NCI parties, and these are presented as other assets (Note 
21). 
 
Page 24  •  AutoCanada

15154871 Canada Inc. redemption liability
A wholly owned subsidiary of the Company is the general partner of AutoCanada UD LP, a limited partnership 
("the Partnership") that holds the interest in 15154871 Canada Inc., a subsidiary of the Partnership, that sells 
finance, insurance, and warranty products to buyers of private owner-sold vehicles on Kijiji's online 
marketplaces (the "Online C2C F&I Business"). The arrangement with the non-controlling shareholder in the 
Online C2C F&I Business contains put options whereby the non-controlling shareholder is able to sell its shares 
back to the Company. The put options are recognized as redemption liabilities, measured at their fair value on 
the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The fair value is determined based on the equity value of the 
related subsidiary. The fair value of the put options and associated redemption liabilities has been determined 
as $25,000 as at December 31, 2024 (2023 - $25,000) .
The arrangement also contains a call option whereby the Company is able to purchase the shares from the non-
controlling shareholder at the higher of $75,000 and the fair value of such shares. The call option is recognized 
as a financial asset, measured at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The fair value 
is determined based on the equity value of the related subsidiary. The fair value of the call option and 
associated financial asset has been determined as $nil as at December 31, 2024 (2023 - $nil).
Other redemption liabilities
Certain NCI entities contain put options, whereby the non-controlling shareholders are able to sell their shares 
back to the Company. These put options are recognized as redemption liabilities, measured at their fair value 
on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The fair value is determined based on the equity value of 
the related subsidiary (Note 33). Those options eligible to be executed in the next fiscal year are presented as 
current liabilities.
The continuity of the aggregate redemption liabilities is summarized as follows:
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Beginning of period
47,580 
27,269 
Additions in the year
— 
25,000 
Adjustment to fair value - Used Digital Division (Note 29)
— 
36,725 
Derecognition on settlement
— 
(37,775) 
Adjustment to fair value - other
486 
(3,639) 
End of period
48,066 
47,580 
Current redemption liabilities
23,066 
22,580 
Long-term redemption liabilities
25,000
25,000 
Prior year purchase of minority interest in Used Digital Division
On December 27, 2023, the Company completed the purchase of the minority 19.1% interest (the "Used Digital 
Division Minority Interest") in the Partnership from a company controlled by the Executive Chair and dealership 
management. The aggregate purchase consideration of $37,775 consisted of $23,944 in cash, funded from the 
proceeds of the Online C2C F&I Business investment, $7,500 in stock units, and $6,331 in performance share 
units (Note 29). The fair value of the transaction was determined to be $37,775.
For the year ended December  31, 2024, cash paid to settle the Used Digital Division Minority Interest was 
$22,500 (2023 - $1,444) (Note 35).
 
Page 25  •  AutoCanada

15     Trade and other receivables
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Trade receivables
137,831 
185,919 
Sales tax receivable
29,363 
25,341 
Other receivables
8,324 
14,064 
175,518 
225,324 
Less: Expected loss allowance (Note 32)
(1,950) 
(3,248) 
Trade and other receivables
173,568 
222,076 
The Company is exposed to normal credit risk with respect to its accounts receivable and maintains provisions 
for expected credit losses (Note 32). Potential for such losses is mitigated because there is no significant 
exposure to any single customer and because customer creditworthiness is evaluated before credit is 
extended.
16      Inventories
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
New vehicles
487,955 
542,978 
Demonstrator vehicles
78,919 
78,092 
Used vehicles
333,933 
475,126 
Parts and accessories
46,471 
58,115 
Inventories
947,278 
1,154,311 
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income: 
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023 (1)
$
Inventory expensed as cost of sales
4,354,391 
4,568,760 
Writedowns on vehicles included in cost of sales
35,944 
12,815 
Demonstrator expenses included in administrative costs
6,043 
13,328 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
For the year ended December  31, 2024, the Company performed a comprehensive assessment on the net 
realizable value of inventory. Provisions recorded on inventory were based on specific criteria regarding model 
and year of production and reflect management's estimate of market pricing trends and seasonality.
17      Assets and liabilities held for sale
Land and buildings
The Company committed to sell specific land and buildings in Alberta, Ontario, and New Brunswick, which are 
included in the Canadian Operations segment. The net assets have been reclassified as held for sale in these 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
On February 1, 2024, the Company completed the sale of two properties consisting of land and buildings in 
British Columbia and Alberta for cash consideration of $41,370 net of closing adjustments as part of a 
settlement agreement announced on September 8, 2023. These properties were previously held for sale as at 
December 31, 2023. A gain of $19,218 was recognized on the sale.
On May 1, 2024, the Company completed the sale of a property in Alberta consisting of land and building for 
cash consideration of $10,000. The property was previously held for sale as at March 31, 2024. A gain of $3,418 
was recognized on the sale.
 
Page 26  •  AutoCanada

On September 10, 2024, the Company completed the sale of a property consisting of land and building in 
Alberta for cash consideration of $2,295. The property was previously held for sale as at June 30, 2024. A gain 
of $1,247 was recognized on the sale.
During the year ended December  31, 2024, the Company recorded a gain on disposal of assets of $23,883 
(2023 - $nil).
As at December 31, 2024, assets held for sale in the Canadian Operations segment include land and buildings 
of $6,658 (2023 - $22,152).
Dealerships sold during the year
During the year ended December  31, 2024, the Company classified three dealerships in the Canadian 
Operations segment as held for sale and completed the sale of these dealerships for cash consideration of 
$59,497 (Note 34). A pre-tax gain of $6,813 was recognized on the sale.
Impairment charges as a result of reclassification as held for sale
Under IFRS Accounting Standards, when non-current assets meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale, 
this is also considered to be an impairment indicator and the non-current assets must be measured at the lower 
of cost and the fair value less costs to sell. Any resulting impairment must be allocated to goodwill and then to 
the other non-current assets on a pro-rata basis. During the year ended December  31, 2024, the Company 
recorded an impairment charge of $7,782 (Note 20) related to a dealership in the Canadian Operations segment 
that was determined to be impaired. The $7,782 impairment charge was allocated to intangible assets as 
goodwill was previously fully impaired.
Assets and liabilities held for sale directly associated with discontinued operation
As at December  31, 2024, the Company's retail automobile dealerships in its U.S. Operations have been 
presented as a discontinued operation and the assets and liabilities directly associated have been classified as 
held for sale (Note 18).
Impairment charges as a result of reclassification as held for sale
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $5,123 (Note 20) 
related to two dealerships in the U.S. Operations segment that were determined to be impaired. The $5,123 
impairment charge was allocated first to goodwill for $683 with the remainder allocated to intangible assets as 
goodwill was fully impaired.
The reconciliation of assets held for sale on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position is as follows:
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Assets held for sale from Canadian operations
6,658 
22,152 
Assets held for sale directly associated with discontinued operation (Note 18)
326,035 
— 
Assets held for sale
332,693 
22,152 
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale
201,966 
— 
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale
201,966 
— 
 
Page 27  •  AutoCanada

 18      Discontinued operation
As at December  31, 2024, the Company was engaged in an active program to locate buyers for its retail 
automobile dealerships in its U.S. Operations segment. The Company’s retail automobile dealerships in its U.S. 
Operations segment represent a geographical area of the Company’s operations, therefore, its results have 
been presented as a discontinued operation. 
The assets and liabilities have been reclassified as held for sale as at December 31, 2024 (Note 17).
Financial performance and cash flow information
The financial performance and cash flow information for the year ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 
2023 is summarized as follows: 
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Revenue
747,300 
829,609 
Cost of sales
(644,941) 
(685,484) 
Gross profit
102,359 
144,125 
Operating expenses 
(151,143) 
(135,521) 
Operating (loss) profit before other income
(48,784) 
8,604 
Lease and other income, net
1,532 
381 
Loss on disposal of assets, net
— 
(20) 
Net impairment losses on trade and other receivables
— 
(353) 
Impairment of non-financial assets (Note 20)
(11,393) 
— 
Impairment loss recognized on remeasurement to fair value less cost to 
dispose (Note 20)
(5,123) 
— 
Operating (loss) profit
(63,768) 
8,612 
Finance costs 
(25,920) 
(22,919) 
Loss for the year before taxation from discontinued operation
(89,688) 
(14,307) 
Income tax expense (recovery) (Note 12)
13,698 
(115) 
Net loss from discontinued operation
(103,386) 
(14,192) 
Exchange differences on translation of discontinued operation
8,032 
6,489 
Other comprehensive loss from discontinued operation
8,032 
6,489 
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Net cash inflow from operating activities
33,017 
1,022 
Net cash outflow from investing activities
(2,441) 
(9,280) 
Net cash outflow from financing activities
(8,878) 
(5,756) 
Net increase (decrease) in cash from discontinued operation
21,698 
(14,014) 
 
Page 28  •  AutoCanada

The following assets and liabilities were reclassified as held for sale in relation to the discontinued operation as 
at  December 31, 2024:
December 31, 
2024
$
Current assets:
Cash
40,005 
Trade and other receivables
28,389 
Inventories 
127,456 
Current tax recoverable
1,203 
Other current assets
369 
197,422 
Property and equipment 
47,619 
Right-of-use assets 
40,555 
Intangible assets 
36,762 
Goodwill 
3,677 
  Assets held for sale
326,035 
Current liabilities:
Trade and other payables 
47,904 
Revolving floorplan facilities 
79,789 
Lease liabilities 
7,472 
  Other liabilities 
1,373 
136,538 
Lease liabilities 
65,313 
  Other liabilities 
115 
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale
201,966 
The cumulative foreign exchange losses recognized in other comprehensive income in relation to the 
discontinued operation as at December 31, 2024 were $15,921.
Civil investigation
As at December 31, 2024, the Company recorded an accrual in the U.S. Operations segment for the monetary 
relief of $28,778 ($20,000 USD) (Note 28) included in Trade and other payables in Liabilities directly associated 
with assets held for sale in the discontinued operation.
 
Page 29  •  AutoCanada

19    Property and equipment 
Company 
& lease 
vehicles
$
Leasehold 
improvements
$
Machinery 
& 
equipment
$
Land & 
buildings1, 2
$
Furniture, 
fixtures & 
other
$
Computer 
equipment
$
Total
$
  Cost:
January 1, 2023
41,039 
80,606 
45,879 
247,342 
21,892 
13,555 
450,313 
Capital expenditures
— 
24,421 
6,530 
25,807 
2,948 
3,349 
63,055 
Business combinations (Note 13)
2,994 
393 
3,304 
— 
55 
5 
6,751 
Acquisition of real estate
— 
— 
— 
7,659 
— 
— 
7,659 
Disposals
— 
(721)
(549)
(581)
(67)
(2,192) 
(4,110) 
Prior year business acquisitions 
(Note 13)
207 
(11)
(791)
— 
—
— 
(595) 
Transfers to assets held for sale
— 
— 
— 
(29,891) 
—
— 
(29,891) 
Transfer from inventory, net
13 
— 
— 
— 
—
— 
13 
Foreign currency translation
(156)
(129)
(181)
(436)
(71)
(32)
(1,005) 
December 31, 2023
44,097 
104,559 
54,192 
249,900 
24,757 
14,685 
492,190 
Capital expenditures
— 
13,358 
7,814 
11 
3,217 
3,418 
27,818 
Business combinations (Note 13)
27 
859 
419 
— 
190 
— 
1,495 
Disposals
— 
(16,816) 
(1,900) 
(10,911) 
(1,196) 
(1,645) 
(32,468) 
Transfers to assets held for sale
(8,911) 
(14,873) 
(10,087) 
(26,979) 
(4,008) 
(1,739) 
(66,597) 
Transfers to inventory, net
(2,264) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(2,264) 
Foreign currency translation
564 
1,086 
774 
1,600 
323 
121 
4,468 
December 31, 2024
33,513 
88,173 
51,212 
213,621 
23,283 
14,840 
424,642 
Accumulated depreciation:
January 1, 2023
(8,549) 
(23,339) 
(24,490) 
(27,970) 
(11,175) 
(9,198) 
(104,721) 
Depreciation (Note 8)
(5,567) 
(4,134) 
(4,042) 
(5,167) 
(2,276) 
(1,540) 
(22,726) 
Depreciation recorded in 
discontinued operation
(207)
(313)
(1,049) 
(140)
(431)
(164)
(2,304)
Disposals
— 
544 
441 
591 
93 
2,133 
3,802 
Prior year business acquisitions 
(Note 13)
— 
— 
386 
— 
— 
— 
386 
Transfers to assets held for sale
— 
— 
— 
7,739 
— 
— 
7,739 
Transfers to inventory, net
3,694 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
3,694 
Foreign exchange
17 
19 
97 
6 
44 
26 
209 
December 31, 2023
(10,612) 
(27,223) 
(28,657) 
(24,941) 
(13,745) 
(8,743) 
(113,921) 
Depreciation (Note 8)
(5,048) 
(3,386) 
(4,737) 
(5,438) 
(2,976) 
(1,813) 
(23,398) 
Depreciation recorded in 
discontinued operation
(260)
(520)
(1,027) 
(131)
(348)
(159)
(2,445)
Disposals
— 
5,874 
1,451 
1,795 
909
1,430 
11,459 
Transfers to assets held for sale
1,063 
1,432 
5,588 
500 
2,447
1,290 
12,320 
Transfers to inventory, net
4,265 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
4,265 
Foreign exchange
(77)
(98)
(418)
(31)
(185)
(99)
(908) 
December 31, 2024
(10,669) 
(23,921) 
(27,800) 
(28,246) 
(13,898) 
(8,094) 
(112,628) 
Carrying amount:
December 31, 2023
33,485 
77,336 
25,535 
224,959 
11,012 
5,942 
378,269 
December 31, 2024
22,844 
64,252 
23,412 
185,375 
9,385 
6,746 
312,014 
1 As at December 31, 2024, the Company owns land of $60,571 (2023 - $78,724), which is not subject to depreciation.
2 As at  December 31, 2024 $nil (2023 - $53,412) of construction-in-progress amounts are included in land and buildings and are 
not subject to depreciation until the assets are available for use.
 
Page 30  •  AutoCanada

The Company started the construction of a dealership facility in Maple Ridge, British Columbia on January 24, 
2022. This project was completed in 2024. The construction was financed with the Company's non-revolving 
term facilities (Note 23). The amount of borrowing costs capitalized during the year ended December 31, 2024 
was $189 (2023 - $1,077).
During the year ended December 31, 2024, management did not identify any property and equipment that were 
impaired and no (2023 - $nil) impairment losses were recorded.
 20     Intangible assets and goodwill
Intangible assets consist of rights under franchise agreements with automobile manufacturers and internally 
generated software costs. Intangible assets and goodwill are tested for impairment annually as at December 31 
or more frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they may be impaired. 
The Company determined there were indicators of impairment as a result of the decline in market capitalization 
of the Company when compared to the book value of the net assets at June 30, 2024. Three U.S. dealerships 
recorded an impairment charge on indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets amounting to $11,393 (2023 - 
$nil). The impairment charge for two dealerships was determined using the Value in Use method ("VIU") and the 
impairment charge for the other dealership was determined using the Fair Value less Cost to Dispose method 
("FVLCD").
The Company determined there was an indicator of impairment as a result of the decline in market 
capitalization of the Company when compared to the book value of the net assets at December 31, 2024. The 
Company performed an annual test for impairment as at December  31, 2024 and recorded an impairment 
charge on indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets of $3,241 (2023 - $2,131) in the Canadian Operations. 
For the year ended December 31, 2024, $nil (2023 - $nil) impairment charges on goodwill were recorded. As 
part of the annual test, one Canadian dealership (2023 - two) recorded a recovery of impairment on indefinite-
lived identifiable intangible assets amounting to $(7,612) (2023 - $(5,669)). The improvements in financial 
performance that resulted in the recovery of impairment on indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets was 
driven by management changes and process improvements within the Canadian dealership. The impairment 
charges and recoveries for all three dealerships were determined using VIU.
Impairment charges as a result of reclassification as held for sale
For the year ended December 31, 2024, impairment charges of $7,782 related to a dealership in the Canadian 
Operations that was sold during the year and $5,123 related to two dealerships in the U.S. Operations were 
recorded as a result of the reclassification as held for sale (Note 17) (2023 - nil).
The net impairment for the year ended December 31, 2024 relates to the Company's reportable segments as 
follows:
Canadian 
Operations
$
U.S. 
Operations
$
Total
$
Leases (note 24)
1,130 
— 
1,130 
Intangible assets
3,412 
15,833 
19,245 
Goodwill
— 
683 
683 
4,542 
16,516 
21,058 
 
Page 31  •  AutoCanada

The changes in the book value of intangible assets and goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2024 were as 
follows:
Intangible assets
$
Goodwill
$
Total
$
Indefinite life
Definite life
Total
Cost:
January 1, 2023
691,268 
4,392 
695,660 
186,940 
882,600 
Acquisitions 
18,940 
— 
18,940 
16,283 
35,223 
Additions
2,102 
— 
2,102 
— 
2,102 
Prior year business acquisitions
— 
— 
— 
3,755 
3,755 
Effect of foreign currency translation
(1,273) 
— 
(1,273) 
(2,099) 
(3,372) 
December 31, 2023
711,037 
4,392 
715,429 
204,879 
920,308 
Acquisitions (Note 13)
14,820 
— 
14,820 
1,226 
16,046 
Additions
53 
737 
790 
— 
790 
Prior year business acquisitions 
— 
— 
— 
(892)
(892)
Transfer to assets held for sale (Note 18)
(57,472) 
— 
(57,472) 
(83,248) 
(140,720)
Divestitures (Note 34)
(22,267) 
— 
(22,267) 
— 
(22,267) 
Effect of foreign currency translation
4,646 
— 
4,646 
6,728 
11,374 
December 31, 2024
650,817 
5,129 
655,946 
128,693 
784,639 
Accumulated amortization and 
impairment:
January 1, 2023
36,399 
— 
36,399 
108,856 
145,255 
Impairment
2,131 
— 
2,131 
— 
2,131 
Recoveries of impairment
(5,669) 
— 
(5,669) 
— 
(5,669) 
Amortization of intangible assets (Note 8)
— 
529 
529 
— 
529 
Effect of foreign currency translation
(98)
—
(98)
(2,243)
(2,341) 
December 31, 2023
32,763 
529 
33,292 
106,613 
139,905 
Impairment
11,024 
— 
11,024 
— 
11,024 
Recoveries of impairment
(7,612) 
— 
(7,612) 
— 
(7,612) 
Impairment recorded in discontinued 
operation
15,833 
— 
15,833 
683 
16,516 
Amortization of intangible assets (Note 8)
— 
503 
503 
— 
503 
Transfer to assets held for sale (Note 18)
(20,710) 
— 
(20,710) 
(79,571) 
(100,281) 
Divestitures (Note 34)
(7,782) 
— 
(7,782) 
— 
(7,782) 
Effect of foreign currency translation
931 
— 
931 
6,376 
7,307 
December 31, 2024
24,447 
1,032 
25,479 
34,101 
59,580 
Carrying amount:
December 31, 2023
678,274 
3,863 
682,137 
98,266 
780,403 
December 31, 2024
626,370 
4,097 
630,467 
94,592 
725,059 
Additions to intangible assets for internally generated software costs have a finite useful life.
 
Page 32  •  AutoCanada

Carrying value 
CGUs have been determined to be individual dealerships. The following table shows the carrying amount of 
indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets and goodwill by CGU:
December 31, 2024
$
December 31, 2023
$
 Cash Generating Unit
Intangible 
assets
Goodwill
Total
Intangible 
assets
Goodwill
Total
AL
27,807
6,135
33,942
27,807
6,135
33,942
AF
29,495
922
30,417
29,495
922
30,417
CI
27,265
2,919
30,184
27,265
2,919
30,184
AZ
21,250
3,970 
25,220
21,250
3,970 
25,220
U
24,494
506 
25,000
24,494
506 
25,000
AD
22,300
2,629
24,929
22,300
2,629
24,929
A
22,293
— 
22,293
14,681
— 
14,681
S
21,806
— 
21,806
21,806
— 
21,806
D
18,044
3,724 
21,768
18,044
3,724 
21,768
AO
21,687
— 
21,687
21,687
— 
21,687
AH
20,384
— 
20,384
20,384
— 
20,384
CR
18,940
382 
19,322
18,940
382 
19,322
T
18,599
— 
18,599
18,599
— 
18,599
BS
15,335
3,058 
18,393
15,335
3,029 
18,364
BI
10,305
6,111 
16,416
10,305
6,887 
17,192
SE
14,820
1,226
16,046
— 
— 
—
G
14,235
1,677 
15,912
14,235
1,677 
15,912
X
14,065
1,740 
15,805
14,065
1,740 
15,805
I
15,520
—
15,520
15,520
—
15,520
P
15,078
— 
15,078
15,078
— 
15,078
AE
14,496
— 
14,496
14,496
— 
14,496
CG
53
14,292 
14,345
— 
14,233 
14,233
AP
12,496 
941 
13,437
12,496 
941 
13,437
AI
11,470
1,903 
13,373
11,470
1,903 
13,373
AK
13,176
—
13,176
15,306
—
15,306
CK
10,990
1,132 
12,122
10,990
1,132 
12,122
M
11,549
— 
11,549
11,549
— 
11,549
AR
9,263 
950 
10,213
9,263 
950 
10,213
AX
— 
— 
—
23,306
— 
23,306
Q
— 
— 
—
18,196
— 
18,196
CF
— 
— 
— 
13,102
— 
13,102
CT
— 
— 
—
9,424 
628 
10,052
Other CGUs less than $10,000 1
153,252
40,375
193,627
161,249
43,959
205,208
Carrying amount
630,467
94,592
725,059
682,137
98,266
780,403
1  CGUs under $10,000 have been aggregated together, determined to be appropriate given the size of the Company.
 
Page 33  •  AutoCanada

Recoverable amounts
The following table shows the recoverable amounts of CGUs, with impairments or recoveries of impairments 
recorded in either the current year or prior year, that have not been fully impaired:
Canadian Operations
 Cash Generating Unit
FVLCD or 
VIU
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
A
VIU
25,554 
17,900 
AK
VIU
14,905 
— 
Other CGUs less than $10,000 (1)
VIU
9,917 
11,273 
1  CGUs under $10,000 have been aggregated together, determined to be appropriate given the size of the Company. 
Comparatives in the table have been updated to aggregate CGU's under $10,000.
Impairment test of indefinite life intangible assets
The assumptions and sensitivities applied in the intangible assets impairment test are described as follows:
Valuation techniques
The Company did not make any changes to the valuation methodology used to assess impairment in the 
current year. The recoverable amount of each CGU is based on the greater of fair value less cost to dispose and 
value in use.
Value in use
VIU is predicated upon the value of the future cash flows that a business will generate going forward. The 
DCF method is used, which involves projecting cash flows and converting them into a present value 
equivalent through discounting. The discounting process uses a rate of return that is commensurate with 
the risk associated with the business or asset and the time value of money. This model requires assumptions 
about growth rates, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization ("EBITDA"), and discount 
rates.
Fair value less costs to dispose
FVLCD assumes that companies operating in the same industry will share similar characteristics and that the 
Company's values will correlate to those characteristics. Therefore, a comparison of a CGU to similar 
companies may provide a reasonable basis to estimate fair value. Under this model, fair value is calculated 
based on an applicable multiple applied to projected EBITDA. Data for EBITDA multiples was based on recent 
comparable transactions and management estimates. Multiples used in the test for impairment for each 
CGU were in the range of 2.5 to 10.0 times forecasted EBITDA for CGUs tested for impairment on June 30, 
2024, and in the range of 2.5 and 8.8 times forecasted EBITDA for CGUs tested for impairment on 
December 31, 2024 (2023 - 2.5 to 10.0 times).
Significant assumptions for VIU
Projected EBITDA and growth rates
The assumptions used are based on the Company’s internal budget, which is approved by the Board of 
Directors. The Company projects operating margins and cash flows for a period of one year and applies 
growth rates in the cash flow forecast period commensurate with industry forecasts. In arriving at its 
forecasts, the Company considers past experiences, economic trends, and inflation as well as industry and 
market trends. Management applied a growth rate between 0.5% and 8.5% in its projections for CGUs tested 
for impairment on June 30, 2024, and a growth rate between 0.0% and 2.1% in its projections for CGUs 
tested for impairment on December 31, 2024  (2023 - 0.5% and 8.5%).
 
Page 34  •  AutoCanada

Discount rates
The Company applies a discount rate to calculate the present value of its projected cash flows. The discount 
rate represents the Company’s internally computed weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) for each 
CGU with appropriate adjustments for the risks associated with the CGUs in which intangible assets are 
allocated. The WACC is an estimate of the overall required rate of return on an investment for both debt and 
equity owners and serves as the basis for developing an appropriate discount rate. Determination of the 
discount rate requires separate analysis of the cost of equity and debt, and considers a risk premium based 
on an assessment of risks related to the projected cash flows of each CGU. Management applied a discount 
rate between 11.42% and 12.76% in its projections for CGUs tested for impairment on June 30, 2024, and a 
discount rate between  11.09% and 12.33% in its projections for CGUs tested for impairment on December 31, 
2024 (2023 - 11.80% and 12.88%). 
Significant assumptions for FVLCD
Projected EBITDA
The Company’s assumptions for projected EBITDA are based on the Company’s internal budget, which is 
approved by the Board of Directors. In arriving at the projected EBITDA, the Company considers projected 
operating margins and growth rates as significant assumptions, past experiences, economic trends, and 
inflation as well as industry and market trends.
EBITDA multiples
EBITDA multiples are based on recent comparable transactions, market comparatives, and management 
estimates.
Sensitivity
As there are CGUs that have intangible assets with original costs that exceed their current year carrying 
amounts, the Company expects future impairments and recoveries of impairments to occur as market 
conditions change and risk premiums used in developing the discount rate change.
The recoverable amount of each CGU is sensitive to changes in market conditions and could result in material 
changes in the carrying value of intangible assets in the future. Based on sensitivity analysis, no reasonably 
possible change in key assumptions would cause the recoverable amount of any CGU to have a significant 
change from its current valuation except for the CGUs identified below.
CGUs, which use VIU as the basis of recoverable amount, for which a reasonably possible change in key 
assumptions would cause an impairment, along with the change required for an impairment to occur are as 
follows:
Cash Generating Unit
Change in 
discount rate
Change in 
growth rate
Carrying 
amount
$
Recoverable 
amount exceeds 
carrying amount
$
December 31, 2024
C
 0.20 %
 1.66 %
4,267 
187 
BS
 0.25 %
 2.12 %
22,409 
562 
AP
 0.61 %
 2.48 %
22,772 
1,520 
W
 0.31 %
 2.49 %
8,001 
418 
I
 0.09 %
 1.01 %
14,778 
— 
December 31, 2023
AE
 0.80 %
 3.46 %
20,464 
— 
AK
 0.09 %
 0.40 %
18,135 
— 
 
Page 35  •  AutoCanada

CGUs, which use FVLCD as the basis of recoverable amount, for which a reasonably possible change in key 
assumptions would cause an impairment, along with the change required for an impairment to occur are as 
follows:
Cash Generating Unit
Change in
multiple
Recoverable 
amount
$
Carrying 
amount
$
Recoverable 
amount exceeds 
carrying amount
$
December 31, 2024
AI
0.01 
12,613 
12,613 
— 
December 31, 2023
CR
1.4
19,322 
19,322 
— 
21     Other assets
December 31, 2024
$
December 31, 2023
$
Current
Long-term
Current
Long-term
Prepaid expenses
11,923 
2,092 
13,283 
1,346 
 Derivative financial instruments (Note 25)
— 
— 
2,318 
— 
Other assets
— 
13,557 
— 
14,498 
  Net investment in lease (Note 24)
70 
852 
117 
864 
Other assets
11,993 
16,501 
15,718 
16,708 
Other assets of $13,557 (2023 - $14,498) relates to long-term loans receivable from the respective non-
controlling interests (Note 14).
 22 Trade and other payables
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Trade payables
76,789 
75,079 
 Accruals and provisions 
36,687 
87,445 
Sales tax payable
30,300 
32,757 
Wages and withholding taxes payable
33,697 
43,146 
Trade and other payables
177,473 
238,427 
The following table provides a continuity schedule of all recorded provisions:
Employee 
costs
$
Legal and 
other
$
Total
$
January 1, 2023
2,378 
5,778 
8,156 
Provisions made during the year
1,244 
— 
1,244 
Amounts expired or disbursed
(2,046) 
(2,797) 
(4,843) 
December 31, 2023
1,576 
2,981 
4,557 
Provisions made during the year
1,636 
— 
1,636 
Amounts expired or disbursed
(1,087) 
— 
(1,087) 
December 31, 2024
2,125 
2,981 
5,106 
 
Page 36  •  AutoCanada

23     Revolving floorplan facilities and indebtedness
This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Company’s interest bearing debt, which is 
measured at amortized cost. For more information about the Company’s exposure to interest rate, foreign 
currency, and liquidity risk, refer to Note 32.
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Revolving floorplan facilities
 Revolving floorplan facilities - Syndicate (ii)
596,585 
728,935 
Revolving floorplan facilities - Ally Financial (viii)
42,247 
114,639 
Revolving floorplan facilities - VW Credit Canada, Inc. (iii)
107,162 
103,246 
Revolving floorplan facilities - RBC (v)
80,160 
69,544 
Revolving floorplan facilities - BMW Financial (iv)
67,301 
65,810 
Revolving floorplan facilities - Mercedes-Benz Financial (vii)
55,756 
50,973 
Revolving floorplan facilities - GM Financial (vi)
61,368 
41,448 
Total revolving floorplan facilities
1,010,579 
1,174,595 
Indebtedness
Revolving term facilities (ii)
Revolving term facility
156,931 
187,000 
Unamortized deferred financing costs
(2,053) 
(778) 
154,878 
186,222 
Non-revolving term facilities
Non-recourse mortgages (ix)
40,104 
31,235 
Unamortized deferred financing costs
(45)
(47)
40,059 
31,188 
Senior unsecured notes 
Senior unsecured notes (i)
350,000 
350,000 
Unamortized deferred financing costs
(3,700) 
(4,599) 
346,300 
345,401 
Other debt
Other long-term debt
414 
111 
Total indebtedness
541,651 
562,922 
Current indebtedness
24,108 
744 
Long-term indebtedness
517,543 
562,178 
The following table shows the movement of indebtedness during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 
December 31, 2023:
2024
$
2023
$
Balance, January 1
562,922 
555,128 
Amortization of deferred financing costs
1,413 
1,220 
Draws and additions
635,046 
674,560 
Repayments and redemption
(657,730) 
(669,334) 
Other
— 
1,348 
Balance, December 31
541,651 
562,922 
Terms and conditions of outstanding loans are as follows: 
i.
The Company has Senior Unsecured Notes ("the New Issuance Notes"), with a $350,000 aggregate
principal amount (2023 - $350,000), issued at par for a stated interest rate of 5.75% (2023 - 5.75%). The
New Issuance Notes have a term of seven years and mature on February 7, 2029. Interest is payable semi-
annually on February 7 and August 7 of each year the New Issuance Notes are outstanding.
 
Page 37  •  AutoCanada

The New Issuance Notes agreement contains certain redemption options whereby the Company can 
redeem all or part of the New Issuance Notes at prices set forth in the agreement, following certain dates 
specified in the agreement. In addition, at any time prior to February 7, 2025, the Company may at its 
option redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the New Issuance Notes with net cash 
proceeds from equity offerings at a specified redemption price in the agreement. The New Issuance Note 
holders also have the right to require the Company to redeem the New Issuance Notes or a portion 
thereof, at the redemption prices set forth in the agreement in the event of a change in control. These 
redemption features constitute embedded derivatives that are required to be separated from the New 
Issuance Notes and measured at fair value.
The embedded derivative components of these compound financial instruments are measured at fair 
value at each reporting date with gains or losses in fair value recognized through profit or loss. For the 
year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized an embedded derivative of $nil (2023 - $nil) 
related to these redemption options.
ii.
On April 22, 2024, the Company amended its syndicated credit agreement. The amendment included the
creation of a $25,000 leasehold facility and increasing total aggregate bank facilities to $1,635,000. The
credit facility term was also extended to April 22, 2027.
On September 27, 2024, the Company amended its syndicated credit agreement to increase the
Company's maximum permitted Total Net Funded Debt to EBITDA Ratio from 4.00:1.00 to 7.00:1.00 for
the period from July 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024, 7.50:1.00 for the period from October 1, 2024 to
March 31, 2025, 5.50:1.00 for the period from April 1, 2025 to June 30, 2025, 4.50:1.00 for the period from
July 1, 2025 to September 30, 2025. After September 30, 2025, the Company's maximum permitted Total
Net Funded Debt to EBITDA Ratio will revert to 4.00:1.00 until the end of the agreement term. The
Company's maximum permitted Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio was decreased from 1.20:1.00 to 1.00:1.00
for the period from July 1, 2024, to March 31, 2025. After March 31, 2025, the Company's maximum
permitted Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio will revert to 1.20:1.00 until the end of the agreement term. No
changes were made to the Company's Senior Net Funded Debt to EBITDA Ratio. Other changes included
increased interest rates across the revolver, leasehold, floorplan and lease facilities, a reduction in the
proportion of used floorplan, and other administrative limitations that are applicable during the covenant
relief period.
On December 27, 2024, the Company amended its syndicated credit agreement to include add-backs of
up to CAD $35,000 for specific one-time expenses, including $20,000 USD provisioned for Federal Trade
Commission settlement expenses (Note 28), in the definition of EBITDA, for purposes of determining
compliance with the Company’s financial covenants under the senior credit facility for the rolling four
quarter period from December 31, 2024, to September 30, 2025.
In the case of advances under the revolving facility, the margins above the prime rate, banker’s
acceptance rate or U.S. base rate are subject to a pricing grid based on the then applicable ratio of senior
net funded debt to EBITDA as noted below. As at December 31, 2024, advances at the prime rate or U.S.
base rate plus 1.75% (2023 - 0.75%) for total of 7.20% (2023 - 7.95%), or at the Canadian Overnight Repo
Rate Average ("CORRA") rate plus 2.75% (2023 - Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (“CDOR”) plus 1.75%) for
total of 6.65% (2023 - 6.22%) at December 31, 2024. The wholesale leasing facilities bear interest rates of
CORRA plus 2.00% (2023 - CDOR plus 1.75%) for a total of 5.90% (2023 - 7.15%). The wholesale floorplan
facilities bear interest rates of CORRA plus 1.00%-1.15% (2023 - CDOR plus 1.00%) for a total of 4.90% to
5.05% (2023 - 6.40%), except for facility for floorplan of used export vehicles, which bears interest rates of
CORRA plus 1.50% (2023 - CDOR plus 1.25%) for total of 5.40% (2023 - 6.65%).
The agreement has certain reporting requirements and financial covenants. Financial covenants are based
on total operations (continuing operations and discontinued operations). The floorplan facility is
collateralized by each individual dealership’s inventories that are directly financed by the facility. The
revolving credit facility is collateralized by certain of the Company’s real property and fixed assets, as well
as certain current receivable and inventory assets not otherwise pledged as collateral.
iii.
VW Credit Canada, Inc. (“VCCI”) provides floorplan financing for new and used vehicles for all of the
Company’s Volkswagen, Audi, and Porsche dealerships (the “VCCI facilities”). As at December 31, 2024,
the maximum amount of financing was $152,350 (2023 - $122,995). The VCCI facilities bear interest of RBC
prime rate plus 0.00%–0.25% (2023 - 0.00%-0.25%). The RBC prime rate was 5.45% at December 31, 2024
(2023 - 7.20%). The combined total interest rates were 5.45%-5.70% (2023 - 7.20%-7.45%). The VCCI
facilities have certain reporting requirements and financial covenants and are collateralized by all of the
dealerships' assets financed by VCCI. The individual notes payable of the VCCI facilities are due when the
related vehicle is sold.
 
Page 38  •  AutoCanada

iv.
BMW Financial Services Canada (“BMW Financial”), a division of BMW Canada Inc., provides floorplan
financing for new, used and demonstrator vehicles for all of the Company’s BMW dealerships (the “BMW
Facilities”). As at December 31, 2024, the maximum advance limit was $118,750 (2023 - $118,050).  The
BMW Facilities bears interest rate of prime minus 0.40% (2023 - 0.40%) per 360 day annum for a total of
5.05% at December 31, 2024 (2023 - 6.80%). The BMW Facilities have certain reporting requirements and
financial covenants and are collateralized by the dealerships’ movable and immovable property.
v.
Royal Bank of Canada ("RBC") provides floorplan financing for new, used and demonstrator vehicles for
five of the Company’s dealerships (the “RBC Facilities”). As at December 31, 2024, the maximum advance
limit was $129,500 (2023 - $99,500). The RBC Facilities bear interest rates of RBC’s Cost of Funds Rate
plus 0.00%-0.15% (2023 - 0.00%-0.15%). As at December  31, 2024 the RBC’s Cost of Funds Rate was
4.45% (2023 - 6.34%). The combined total interest rates were 4.45%-4.60% (2023 - 6.34%-6.49%). The RBC
Facilities have certain reporting requirements and financial covenants and are collateralized by the new,
used, and demonstrator inventory financed by RBC and a general security agreement from the dealerships
financed by RBC.
vi.
General Motors Financial of Canada (the "GM Financial Facilities") provides floorplan financing for new,
used, service loaner, and demonstrator vehicles for three of the Company's dealerships. GM Financial
Facilities bear interest of prime rate minus 0.25%. As at December  31, 2024, the prime rate was 5.45%
(2023 - 6.95%) for a total interest rate of 5.20% (2023 - 6.95%). The maximum amount of financing was
$75,800 (2023 - $51,300). The GM Financial Facilities have certain reporting requirements and are
collateralized by the new, used, and demonstrator inventory financed by GM Financial and a general
security agreement from the Company's three dealerships financed by GM Financial.
vii.
Mercedes-Benz Financial (the “Mercedes-Benz Facilities”) provides floorplan financing for new, used and
demonstrator vehicles for two of the Company’s dealerships. As at December  31, 2024, the maximum
amount of financing was $65,500 (2023 - $65,500). The facilities bear interest at CORRA plus 1.80%-2.10%
per annum (2023 - CDOR plus 1.50%-1.80%) for total of 5.36%-5.66% (2023 - 6.90%-7.20%). The Mercedes-
Benz Facilities have certain reporting requirements and financial covenants and are collateralized by the
new, used, and demonstrator inventory financed by Mercedes-Benz Financial and a general security
agreement from the Company’s dealerships financed by Mercedes-Benz Financial.
viii. Ally Financial (the "Ally facility") provides U.S. floorplan financing for new, used, and demonstrator vehicles
in the Company's U.S dealerships. As at December 31, 2024, the facility limit was $127,500 USD (2023 –
$127,500 USD). The Ally facility bears interest at Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 4% (2023
- the Ally Bank prime rate). As at December 31, 2024, the effective rate was 8.63% (2023 - 8.50%). The
floorplan facility has certain reporting requirements and financial covenants and is collateralized by each
individual dealership’s inventories that are directly financed by the facility.
ix.
The Company executed a non-recourse mortgage financing for a previously purchased property in Maple
Ridge, BC. The non-recourse mortgage arrangement funds land value as well as building associated with
the development of two dealerships. The mortgage was refinanced as of September 2024 at a variable
interest rate of prime + 1.00% (2023 - 1.50%) with a combined total rate of 6.45% as at December 31, 2024
(2023 - 8.70%). The mortgage has a one-year term, twenty-five-year amortization, and will require monthly
interest plus principal payments. As at December  31, 2024, the Company has drawn $23,364 (2023 -
$13,575) on the facilities to partially fund land and building value.
The Company has executed two non-recourse mortgage financings for previously purchased properties in
Windsor, ON and London, ON. The $7,120 and $11,480 non-recourse mortgage arrangements (2023 -
$7,120 and $11,480), respectively, funds land and building value only. The mortgages have a five-year term
with a fixed interest rate of 7.07% (2023 - 7.07%). The mortgages require quarterly installments of principal
and interest based on a twenty-five-year amortization, with the outstanding mortgage balance due at the
end of the term.
The underlying real estate is pledged as collateral on the non-recourse mortgages in the amount of the
loan, as at December 31, 2024 the carrying value of the pledged real estate is $85,465  (2023 - $83,358).
As at December 31, 2024, $24,108 (2023 - $744) of non-recourse mortgage loans is classified as current.
The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as at December 31, 2024.
 
Page 39  •  AutoCanada

24     Leases
The below table summarizes the right-of-use asset and lease liability movement for the Company's properties:
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
Revised (1)
$
Right-of-use assets, beginning of period
405,105 
396,369 
Additions
48,981 
40,279 
Acquisitions (Note 13)
18,850 
6,205 
Depreciation (Note 8)
(32,797) 
(30,495) 
Depreciation recorded in discontinued operation
(3,122) 
(2,948) 
Disposals
(8,758) 
(3,350) 
Impairment
(1,130) 
— 
Effect of foreign currency translation
3,384 
(955) 
Transfers to assets held for sale (Note 18) 
(40,555) 
— 
Right-of-use assets, end of period
389,958 
405,105 
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
Revised (1)
$
Lease liabilities, beginning of period
497,424 
484,877 
Additions
48,981 
40,279 
Acquisitions (Note 13)
18,850 
6,205 
Repayments
(66,612) 
(61,969) 
Interest expense (Note 11)
31,837 
29,680 
Interest expense recorded in discontinued operation
3,130 
3,339 
Transfers to liabilities held for sale (Note 18) 
(72,785) 
— 
Disposals
(10,218) 
(3,678) 
Effect of foreign currency translation
6,565 
(1,309) 
Lease liabilities, end of period
457,172 
497,424 
Current lease liabilities
35,780 
28,411 
Long-term lease liabilities
421,392 
469,013 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had total cash outflows relating to the principal portion 
for leases of $24,934 (2023 - $22,700). 
Other disclosures
Other than depreciation, the following amounts have been recognized in income: 
2024
$
2023
$
Expenses related to short-term leases (included in operating expenses)
363 
798 
Expenses related to leases of low-value assets that are not shown above as short-
term leases (included in operating expenses)
46 
131 
Income from sub-leasing right-of-use assets (included in lease and other income)
58 
114 
As at December 31, 2024, potential undiscounted cash outflows of $589,945 (2023 - $613,975), have not been 
included in the lease liability as it is not reasonably certain the extension options will be exercised. The financial 
effect of including reasonably certain extension options in leases liabilities and right-of-use assets is $103,941 
(2023 - $107,120). 
 
Page 40  •  AutoCanada

Leases as lessor
Finance lease
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company has sub-leased one property that has been presented as a 
net investment in lease in other assets (Note 21) and recognized interest income on lease receivables of $58 
(2023 - $61) (Note 11). 
The following table sets out a maturity analysis of lease receivables, showing the undiscounted lease payments 
to be received after December 31, 2024:
Total
$
2025
123 
2026
127 
2027
133 
2028
136 
2029
142 
Thereafter
534 
Total undiscounted lease receivable
1,195 
Unearned finance income
273 
Net investment in the lease
922 
25     Derivative financial instruments
Derivative financial instruments are held for the purpose of managing exposure to fluctuations in foreign 
exchange rates and interest rates.
Foreign exchange risk
The Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to economically hedge foreign currency risk. These 
contracts are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes and changes in fair value are immediately 
recognized in net income. 
Interest rate risk
The Company enters into interest rate swap agreements to hedge the variable rates of the syndicated floorplan 
facility transforming the variable rate exposure to fixed rate obligations. As at December 31, 2024, the Company 
had no designated cash flow hedges.
On February 1, 2024, the Company entered into a new fixed interest rate swap that fixed Canadian Overnight 
Repo Rate Average ("CORRA") at 3.77% with a notional amount of $75,000 to economically hedge the variable 
rate of debt. The swap has an initial maturity date of February 1, 2029, but can be terminated earlier by the 
counterparty on February 1, 2027. Changes in the fair value of these instruments will be recorded in finance 
costs as the Company has not elected to apply hedge accounting to this contract. 
On November 28, 2024, the Company entered into a new interest rate swap with a notional amount of $50,000 
to economically hedge the variable rate of debt. These instruments have a deferred start date of June 2, 2025, 
and a settlement period of June 2030. Changes in the fair value of these instruments will be recorded in finance 
costs as the Company has not elected to apply hedge accounting to these contracts.
On November 28 and December 2, 2024, the Company entered into two new interest rate swaps with a total 
notional amount of $49,795 to economically hedge the variable rate of debt. These instruments have a deferred 
start date of March 3, 2025, and a settlement period of March 2030. Changes in the fair value of these 
instruments will be recorded in finance costs as the Company has not elected to apply hedge accounting to 
these contracts.
On December 2, 3, 5 and 9, 2024, the Company entered into four new interest rate swaps with a total notional 
amount of $78,005 to economically hedge the variable rate of debt. These instruments have a deferred start 
date of March 1, 2025, and a settlement period of March 2030. Changes in the fair value of these instruments 
will be recorded in finance costs as the Company has not elected to apply hedge accounting to these 
contracts.
 
Page 41  •  AutoCanada

Swaps currently in place cover approximately 77.81% (2023 - 38.11%) of the variable principal outstanding on 
the syndicate revolving floorplan facilities. The swaps fix CORRA rates in the range between 2.46% - 4.53% 
(2023 - 2.19% - 4.53%) and the variable rates of the wholesale floorplan facilities bears an interest rate of CORRA 
plus 1.00% (2023 - CDOR plus 1.00%), which, at the end of the reporting period, was 4.90% to 5.05% (2023 - 
6.40%).
The swap contracts require settlement of net interest receivable or payable every 28 to 32 days. The settlement 
dates coincide with the dates on which interest is payable on the underlying debt.
During the years ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, there were no changes to the designation 
of cash flow hedges. 
The fair values and notional amounts of derivative financial instruments are as follows:
Foreign exchange 
forward contracts
Interest rate swaps
Non-hedges
$
Cash flow hedges
$
Non-hedges
$
Total
$
December 31, 2024
Derivative financial instruments - current 
assets 
— 
— 
376 
376 
Derivative financial instruments - current 
liabilities 
1,741 
— 
— 
1,741 
Derivative financial instruments - non 
current liabilities
— 
— 
8,705 
8,705 
Notional values
56,800 USD
— CAD
480,600 CAD
Maturity
2025
2025 - 2030
December 31, 2023
Other current assets (Note 21 )
2,112 
206 
— 
2,318 
Derivative financial instruments - non 
current assets
— 
— 
3,920 
3,920 
Derivative financial instruments - non 
current liabilities
— 
— 
2,219 
2,219 
Notional values
61,000 USD
50,000 CAD
227,800 CAD
Maturity
2024
2024
2025 - 2026 
Change in fair value of outstanding 
hedging instruments since January 1
— 
(196)
—
(196) 
Change in value of hedged item used to 
determine hedge effectiveness
— 
196 
—
196 
The weighted average hedge rate of cash flow hedges was 3.27% (2023 - 3.04%).
 
Page 42  •  AutoCanada

Unrealized and realized pre-tax gains and (losses) on derivative instruments recognized in net income and other 
comprehensive income on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income are:
Net income
$
Other 
comprehensive 
income
$
Total
$
For the year ended December 31, 2024
Change in fair value of hedging instruments
— 
(206)
(206)
Unrealized fair value changes on non-hedging instruments 
(Note 11)
(10,030) 
— 
(10,030) 
Interest rate swap settlements (Note 11)
4,774 
— 
4,774 
Unrealized fair value changes on foreign exchange forward 
contracts
(3,853) 
— 
(3,853) 
Realized loss on foreign exchange forward contracts
(2,292) 
— 
(2,292) 
(11,401) 
(206)
(11,607)
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Change in fair value of hedging instruments
— 
(1,267) 
(1,267) 
Unrealized fair value changes on non-hedging instruments 
(Note 11)
(928)
—
(928) 
Amortization of terminated hedges (Note 11)
(3,067) 
3,067
— 
Interest rate swap settlements (Note 11)
6,624 
— 
6,624 
Unrealized fair value changes on foreign exchange forward 
contracts
2,267 
— 
2,267 
Realized loss on foreign exchange forward contracts
(928)
—
(928) 
3,968 
1,800 
5,768 
Effect of IBOR reform
Following the financial crisis, the reform and replacement of benchmark interest rates such as CDOR and other 
interbank offered rates ("IBORs") has become a priority for global regulators (referred to as "IBOR reform"). The 
Canadian Alternative Reference Rate Working Group ("CARR") was created to identify and seek to develop a 
new risk-free Canadian dollar interest rate benchmark. An enhanced Canadian Oversight Repo Rate Average 
("CORRA") has been designed to comply with recommendations of the Financial Stability Board as part of a 
global effort to reform benchmark interest rates. All of the Company's hedging instruments have been 
transitioned to CORRA.
26     Vehicle repurchase obligations
The Company operates service loaner programs and provides vehicles to a third-party vehicle rental company 
with individual terms not to exceed 12 months, at which time the Company has an obligation to repurchase 
each vehicle at a predetermined amount. As a result, the Company has recorded the contractual repurchase 
amounts as outstanding vehicle repurchase obligations and has classified the liability as current due to the 
short-term nature of the obligation.
 
Page 43  •  AutoCanada

27     Other liabilities
December 31, 2024
$
December 31, 2023
$
Current
Long-term
Current
Long-term
Equity forward
11,063 
— 
11,063 
— 
Restructuring charges
— 
— 
1,262 
1,368 
Other liabilities
11,063 
— 
12,325 
1,368 
Equity forward liability
The Company has entered into equity forward purchase agreements with a major Canadian financial institution 
to reduce its cash and income exposure to fluctuations in its share price relating to the Restricted Share Units 
("RSUs"), Performance Share Units ("PSUs"), Stock Units, Deferred Share Units ("DSUs"), and Share Appreciation 
Rights ("SARs"). Pursuant to the agreement, the Company receives the economic benefit of share price 
appreciation and suffers the economic loss of share price depreciation, while providing payments to the 
financial institution for the institution's cost of funds minus dividends. As the agreement requires settlement in 
shares, the liability has been recorded as the present value of the settlement and is not subject to 
remeasurement. The equity forward purchase agreements give the Company and the counterparty the option 
to settle all of the common shares under the equity forward agreements in advance of the contractual 
settlement date.
On October 3, 2024, the Company amended one of its existing equity forward agreements on 150,000 
common shares to extend the settlement date to December 17, 2026.
As at December  31, 2024, the Company has equity forward agreements on 350,000 (2023 - 350,000) 
outstanding common shares with an outstanding liability amounting to $11,063 (2023 - $11,063). The 
outstanding liability is classified as a current liability.
The following table shows the change in the equity forward liability for the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Number of  
shares
$
Number of  
shares
$
Outstanding, beginning of the period
350,000 
11,063 
250,000 
9,091 
Acquired
— 
— 
100,000 
1,972 
Outstanding, end of the period
350,000 
11,063 
350,000 
11,063 
 28 Commitments and contingencies
Lawsuits and legal claims
The Company is engaged in various legal proceedings and claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of 
business. The outcome of all of the proceedings and claims against the Company is subject to future resolution, 
including the uncertainties of litigation. Based on information currently known to the Company and after 
consultation with outside legal counsel, management believes that the probable ultimate resolution of any such 
proceedings and claims, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the financial 
condition of the Company, taken as a whole. Note 22 includes provisions to account for information known to 
the Company and based on estimates of probable resolutions.
The Company’s operations are subject to federal, provincial, state and local environmental laws and regulations 
in Canada and the U.S. While the Company has not identified any costs likely to be incurred in the next several 
years, based on known information for environmental matters, the Company’s ongoing efforts to identify 
potential environmental concerns in connection with the properties it leases may result in the identification of 
environmental costs and liabilities. The magnitude of such additional liabilities and the costs of complying with 
environmental laws or remediating contamination cannot be reasonably estimated at the Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Position date due to lack of technical information, absence of third-party claims, the 
potential for new or revised laws and regulations and the ability to recover costs from any third parties. Thus, 
the likelihood of any such costs or whether such costs would be material cannot be determined at this time.
 
Page 44  •  AutoCanada

Civil investigation
On December 21, 2022, the Company received a Civil Investigative Demand ("CID") from the Federal Trade 
Commission ("FTC") requesting information and documents concerning the Company's U.S. Operations 
("Leader Automotive Group" or "Leader"). The Company responded to the CID by producing information and 
documents for the period from April 1, 2018, to January 20, 2023. On July 8, 2024, the FTC staff counsel sent to 
the Company a proposed consent order and draft complaint, alleging that Leader had violated Section 5 of the 
Federal Trade Commission Act ("FTC Act"), the FTC's Used Motor Vehicle Trade Regulation Rule ("Used Car 
Rule"), and Illinois law in connection with advertising, sale, lease, and financing of vehicles, and advising that it 
would recommend the filing of an enforcement action if Leader did not settle the FTC's claims. On August 9, 
2024, FTC staff informed the Company that the complaint recommendation of the Bureau of Consumer 
Protection had been forwarded to the Commissioners of the FTC. On December 19, 2024, the Company 
reached an agreement with the FTC to resolve the FTC's civil investigation. As part of the resolution, the 
Company will pay $20,000 USD to the FTC and the State of Illinois in monetary relief, with no civil penalties.
As at December 31, 2024, the Company recorded an accrual in the U.S. Operations segment for the monetary 
relief of $28,778 ($20,000 USD) included in Trade and other payables in Liabilities directly associated with 
assets held for sale in the discontinued operation (Note 18).
Wholesale transactions at Capital Chrysler
On November 5, 2024, the Company received a decision from the Court of King’s Bench of Alberta that decided 
that certain factual and legal opinions of the investigative receiver were binding on the parties to the action. 
The action was commenced by Capital Chrysler respecting an ownership claim to certain new and used 
vehicles that were allegedly sold in a series of wholesale transactions in 2018 ("Wholesale Transactions in 
2018"). The Decision is not final, as it is in the process of being appealed by Capital Chrysler.
Notwithstanding the appeal, the Company recorded a write-down of trade receivable and other receivables as 
at December 31, 2024, for $7,592 included in net impairment losses on trade and other receivables in the 
Canadian Operations segment. 
Letters of guarantee
The Company has outstanding letters of guarantee totaling $4,866 as at December 31, 2024 (2023 - $4,870) 
with various due dates.
The Company will settle obligations as they arise for which these letters have been issued as security and it is 
not the Company’s intent that draws will be made on these letters.
 Capital commitments
As at December 31, 2024, the Company is committed to capital expenditure obligations in the amount of $3,781 
(2023 - $5,404) related to dealership relocations, re-imagings, and dealership Open Points with expected 
completion of these commitments in 2025.
29     Share-based payments
The Company operates an equity-settled compensation plan under which it receives services from employees 
as consideration for share-based payments. The plans are as follows:
Restricted share units ("RSUs")
The Company grants RSUs to designated management employees. The RSUs are entitled to earn additional 
units based on dividend payments made by the Company and the share price on date of payment. The RSUs 
granted are scheduled to vest at different intervals over three years, conditional upon continued employment 
with the Company.
The number of RSUs granted is determined based on the grant value divided by the Company's volume 
weighted average share price for the five days prior to the grant date. For the year ended December 31, 2024, 
37,919 RSUs (2023 - 45,055) were granted at a fair value of $22.05 (2023 - $16.01). The fair value of the RSUs 
granted is recognized as an expense over the period in which the RSUs are expected to vest.
The share unit plan settles by way of common shares based on the Company's share price on the vesting date. 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, 91,302 RSUs (2023 - 55,124) were settled, the weighted average 
share price at the date of exercise was $20.72 (2023 - $28.70). 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, (7,470) RSUs (2023 - 6,789) were forfeited, the grant date fair value 
of the RSUs forfeited in the year was $16.08 (2023 - $22.18).
 
Page 45  •  AutoCanada

The following table shows the change in the number of RSUs for the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Number of
RSUs
Number of
RSUs
Outstanding, beginning of the year
135,607 
152,465 
Settled - equity
(91,302) 
(55,124) 
Granted
37,919 
45,055 
Forfeited units
(7,470) 
(6,789) 
Outstanding, end of the year
74,754 
135,607 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, 16,095 RSUs were vested but not settled. 
Performance share units ("PSUs")
The Company grants PSUs to designated management employees under the existing share unit plan. The PSUs 
are entitled to earn additional units based on dividend payments made by the Company and the achievement of 
specific non-market performance goals, if applicable. The PSUs granted are scheduled to vest based on the 
achievement of specific non-market performance goals over three or seven years, conditional upon continued 
employment with the Company. The PSUs settle by way of common shares.
The number of PSUs granted is determined based on the grant value divided by the Company's volume 
weighted average share price for the five days prior to the grant date. During the year ended December 31, 
2024, 285,103 PSUs (2023 - nil) were granted at a fair value of $22.85 (2023 - $nil). The fair value of the PSUs 
granted is recognized as an expense over the period in which the PSUs are expected to vest.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, nil PSUs (2023 - nil) were settled and nil PSUs (2023 - nil) were 
forfeited.
The following table shows the change in the number of PSUs for the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Number of
PSUs
Number of
PSUs
Outstanding, beginning of the year
— 
— 
Granted
285,103 
— 
Granted - Used Digital Division equity issuance 
277,408 
— 
Outstanding, end of the year
562,511 
— 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, no PSUs were vested but not settled. 
Deferred share units ("DSUs")
Independent members of the Board of Directors are paid a portion of their annual retainer in the form of DSUs. 
They may also elect to receive up to 100% of their remaining cash remuneration in the form of DSUs. The 
underlying security of DSUs are the Company’s common shares and are valued based on the Company’s 
average share price for the five business days prior to the date on which Directors’ fees are granted. The DSUs 
are also entitled to earn additional units based on dividend payments made by the Company and the share 
price on date of payment. For the year ended December 31, 2024, 67,696 DSUs (2023 - 52,332) were granted at 
a fair value of $18.62 (2023 - $21.50). The fair value is recognized as an expense over the period in which the 
DSUs are granted. The DSUs settle by way of common shares.
DSU's vest upon granting. The DSU's are scheduled to settle upon the termination date of the Director, at which 
time, the DSUs will be settled in common shares no earlier than the termination date and no later than 
December 15 of the calendar year following the Director’s termination date.
For the year ended  December 31, 2024, 22,931 DSUs (2023 - nil) were settled, the weighted average share price 
at the date of exercise was of $21.10 (2023 - nil). The weighted average share price value is based on the 
volume weighted average price of the Company's share price for the five business days prior to the date of 
settlement.
 
Page 46  •  AutoCanada

The following table shows the change in the number of DSUs for the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Number of
DSUs
Number of
DSUs
Outstanding, beginning of the year
193,380 
141,048 
Settled - equity
(22,931) 
— 
Granted
67,696 
52,332 
Outstanding, end of the year
238,145 
193,380 
Stock option plan ("Stock Options")
The Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) is designed to provide long-term incentives to designated management to 
deliver long-term shareholder returns. Under the Plan, participants are granted options which only vest if 
certain service and market conditions are met. The terms of the Plan specify that following retirement an 
employee may exercise vested options with the right to exercise continuing for 120 days following the 
retirement date. 
Options are granted under the Plan for no consideration and carry no dividend or voting rights. When 
exercisable, each option is exercisable to acquire one common share. The exercise price of options is 
determined by the Board and shall not be lower than the closing price of the AutoCanada shares on the Toronto 
Stock Exchange immediately preceding the date of grant.
The following table shows the change in the number of stock options for the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Average
exercise price
per Stock
Option
$
Number of 
Stock Options
Average
exercise price
per Stock
Option
$
Number of 
Stock Options
Outstanding, beginning of the year
13.57 
1,797,696 
14.48 
1,996,544 
Exercised
— 
— 
9.72 
(100,000) 
Expired
22.63 
(43,750) 
— 
— 
Forfeited
22.63 
(56,250) 
35.72 
(98,848) 
Outstanding, end of the year
13.04 
1,697,696 
13.57 
1,797,696 
Vested and exercisable, end of the year
13.04 
1,697,696 
10.05 
1,500,000 
The following table shows the expiry date and exercise price for the Stock Options outstanding as at December 
31, 2024:
Grant date
Expiry date
Exercise
price
$
Number of 
Stock 
Options
August 14, 2018
August 14, 2028
10.05
1,500,000
December 7, 2021
December 7, 2026
35.72
197,696
Total
1,697,696
Weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding, end of the period
3.43 years
The weighted average remaining contractual life for the Stock Options outstanding as at December 31, 2023 
was 4.46 years.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, there were expenses of $1,122 (2023 - $1,655) and $11 recoveries 
(2023 - $807).
 
Page 47  •  AutoCanada

Share appreciation rights ("SARs")
The SARs are designed to enable those granted rights under the plan to participate in the growth and 
profitability of the Company. Rights granted vest upon certain service and market conditions over a maximum 
period of four years. Vested rights are exercisable for a maximum period of six years after the grant date.  
Each SAR that is exercised entitles the employee to receive a number of common shares that is equal to (i) the 
amount by which the fair market value of one common share exceeds the notional exercise price of the vested 
SAR; divided by (ii) the fair market value of one common share. The fair value of the SARs granted is recognized 
as an expense over the period in which the SARs are expected to vest.
The following table shows the change in the number of SARs for the year ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Weighted average
exercise price per 
SAR
$
Number of 
SARs
Weighted average
exercise price per 
SAR
$
Number of 
SARs
Outstanding, beginning of the year
29.08 
1,211,000 
29.25 
1,201,000 
Granted
19.65 
420,000 
17.84 
60,000 
Exercised
12.00 
(33,000) 
7.38 
(25,000) 
Expired
31.26 
(145,035) 
— 
— 
Forfeited
30.77 
(154,965) 
31.86 
(25,000) 
Outstanding, end of the year
26.18 
1,298,000 
29.08 
1,211,000 
Vested and exercisable, end of the 
year
26.33 
180,333 
20.95 
152,000 
The weighted average contractual life remaining for these SARs as at December 31, 2024 is 3.70 years (2023 - 
4.02 years). 
The assessed weighted average fair value at grant date of the SARs granted during the year ended December 
31, 2024 was $10.78 per option. The fair value at grant date has been determined using the Black-Scholes 
Model. For certain SARs with market vesting conditions, the fair value at grant date has been determined using 
the Black-Scholes Model.
The weighted average model inputs for the SARs granted during the year ended December 31, 2024 include:
●Rights are granted for no consideration and vest based on varying service and market price
conditions over a four year period. Vested rights are exercisable until August 26, 2028.
●Exercise price: $19.65
●Expected life of option: 4.61 years
●Share price at grant date: $20.48
●Expected price volatility of the Company's shares: 59.82%
●Expected dividend yield: 0.00%
●Risk-free interest rate: 3.19%
Expected price volatility was determined at the time of grant using the AutoCanada share price on a historical 
basis, adjusted for any expected changes to future volatility due to publicly available information. It reflects the 
assumption that the historical volatility is indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual 
outcome. 
 
Page 48  •  AutoCanada

Used Digital Division equity issuance
Stock units ("Stock Units")
The Company awarded $7,500 Stock Units, that vested immediately, to a company controlled by the Executive 
Chair as purchase consideration for the Used Digital Division Minority Interest on December 27, 2023 (Note 14, 
35). The Stock Units are settled by way of the Company’s common shares purchased in the market. The Stock 
Units are also entitled to earn additional units based on dividend payments made by the Company and the 
share price on the date of payment. The number of Stock Units granted is determined based on the grant value 
divided by the average of the closing prices of the Company's shares for the seven days after the closing date 
of the purchase of the Used Digital Division Minority Interest. The Stock Units settle on the earlier of the third 
anniversary of the grant date and the achievement of specific market price conditions.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company awarded $nil (2023 - $7,500) and granted 328,617 
Stock Units (2023 - nil). Share-based compensation expense for these awards was fully recognized in the 
Annual Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Performance share units
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company awarded $nil PSUs (2023 - $6,331) and granted 
277,408 PSUs (2023 - nil) under the existing share unit plan to dealership management as purchase 
consideration for the Used Digital Division Minority Interest on December 27, 2023 (Note 14). The number of 
PSUs granted is determined based on the grant value divided by the average of the closing prices of the 
Company's shares for the seven days after the closing date of the purchase of the Used Digital Division Minority 
Interest. The PSUs are entitled to earn additional units based on dividend payments made by the Company and 
the achievement of specific non-market performance goals. The PSUs granted are scheduled to vest based on 
the achievement of specific non-market performance goals over seven years and are conditional on continued 
employment with the Company. The fair value of the PSUs granted is recognized as an expense over the period 
in which the PSUs are expected to vest. The PSUs settle by way of common shares.
Share-based compensation expense for these awards was fully recognized in the Annual Financial Statements 
for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Share-based compensation expense
Total expenses net of recoveries arising from share-based payment transactions recognized during the year 
included in employee costs are as follows: 
2024
$
2023
$
Restricted share units 
762 
544 
Performance share units
802 
— 
Deferred share units 
1,201 
1,185 
Stock options
1,111 
847 
Share appreciation rights
4,157 
3,909 
Share-based compensation
8,033 
6,485 
Used Digital Division equity issuance (Note 14)
— 
36,725 
Share-based compensation expense
8,033 
43,210 
 
Page 49  •  AutoCanada

30     Share capital and equity
Common shares
Common shares of the Company are voting shares and have no par value. The authorized share capital is an 
unlimited number of shares.
The following table shows the change in common shares held during the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Number of 
common shares
$
Number of 
common shares
$
Issued, beginning of the period
23,611,175 
434,632 
23,551,137 
433,693 
Exercised stock options (Note 29)
— 
— 
60,038 
939 
Shares repurchased and cancelled under the 
Normal Course Issuer Bid
(460,942) 
(8,486) 
— 
— 
Issued, end of the period
23,150,233 
426,146 
23,611,175 
434,632 
Normal Course Issuer Bid
On March 6, 2024, the Company received approval from the TSX to commence a Normal Course Issuer Bid 
("NCIB"). The NCIB commenced on March 11, 2024, and will terminate on the earlier of March 10, 2025, and the 
date on which the maximum number of common shares that can be acquired pursuant to the NCIB have been 
purchased. Under the NCIB, the Company is authorized to purchase, for cancellation up to 1,329,106 common 
shares, representing approximately 5.6% of the 23,611,175 issued and outstanding common shares of the 
Company as at March 6, 2024. The Company is limited under the NCIB to purchase no more than 12,118 
common shares on any given day, subject to the block purchase exemptions under the TSX rules.
On March 27, 2024, in connection with the NCIB, the Company received approval from the TSX to implement an 
automatic share purchase plan ("ASPP") with its designated broker to facilitate the purchase of shares under the 
NCIB at times when the Company would ordinarily not be permitted to purchase its shares due to regulatory 
restrictions or blackout periods. The ASPP will terminate on March 10, 2025, unless earlier terminated in 
accordance with its terms. On August 15, 2024, the ASPP was terminated early in accordance with its terms.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company repurchased and cancelled 460,942 common shares 
(2023 - nil) under its NCIB for cash consideration of $9,937 net of transaction cost of $5 which were recorded in 
share capital. The average share purchase price was $21.19, with prices ranging from $15.49 to $26.49.
Treasury shares
Shares are held in trust to mitigate the risk of future share price increases from the time the equity-settled 
awards (Note 29) are granted to when they are fully vested and can be exercised. Under the Trust Agreement, 
the third-party trustee will administer the distribution of shares to the beneficiaries upon vesting, as directed by 
the Company. Dividends earned on the shares held in trust are reinvested to purchase additional shares. No 
dividends were earned during the year ended December 31, 2024 (2023 - $nil). The shares held in trust are 
accounted for as treasury shares and are recognized on a first-in-first-out basis upon issuance and presented 
separately in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.
The following table shows the change in treasury shares held for the years ended:
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Number of 
treasury  shares
$
Number of 
treasury  shares
$
Issued, beginning of the period
(12,465) 
(319)
(48,667)
(672) 
Treasury shares acquired
(68,003) 
(1,625) 
(1,808)
(47) 
Treasury shares settled
71,926 
1,629
38,010
400 
Issued, end of the period
(8,542) 
(315)
(12,465)
(319) 
 
Page 50  •  AutoCanada

Earnings per share
The following table shows the weighted-average number of shares outstanding and the effect of dilution on 
earnings per share from continuing operations for the years ended:
2024
#
2023
#
Basic
23,316,008 
23,561,236 
Effect of dilution from equity forward
214,757 
160,807 
Effect of dilution from RSUs
3,121 
66,543 
Effect of dilution from stock options 
588,965 
662,095 
Effect of dilution from PSUs
14,218 
— 
Diluted
24,137,069 
24,450,681 
Options are dilutive at the level of net income from continuing operations and have been treated as dilutive for 
the purpose of diluted earnings per share. The diluted net loss per share is lower than basic net loss per share 
due to the impact of net loss on discontinued operations.
31      Capital disclosures
The Company’s objective when managing its capital is to safeguard the Company’s assets and its ability to 
continue as a going concern while at the same time maximizing the growth of the business, returns to 
shareholders, and benefits for other stakeholders. The Company views its capital as the combination of long-
term indebtedness and equity.
The calculation of the Company’s capital is summarized below:
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Long-term indebtedness (Note 23)
517,543 
562,178 
Equity
495,328 
564,829 
1,012,871 
1,127,007 
The Company manages its capital structure in accordance with changes in economic conditions and the risk 
characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Company may 
assume additional debt, refinance existing debt with different characteristics, sell assets to reduce debt, issue 
or repurchase shares, or adjust the amount of dividends paid to its shareholders.
Gross lease adjusted indebtedness 
Gross lease adjusted indebtedness is one measure used by management to evaluate the leverage of the 
Company. Gross lease adjusted indebtedness is calculated as total indebtedness, adjusted for embedded 
derivative, plus lease liabilities, as follows:
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Total indebtedness (Note 23)
541,651 
562,922 
Lease liabilities (Note 24)
457,172 
497,424 
  Gross lease adjusted indebtedness
998,823 
1,060,346 
 
Page 51  •  AutoCanada

32     Financial instruments
Details of the significant accounting policies and methods adopted, including the criteria for recognition, the 
basis of measurement and the basis on which income and expenses are recognized, in respect of each class of 
financial asset and financial liability, are disclosed in the significant accounting policies (Note 3). The 
Company’s financial assets are measured at amortized cost. The Company’s financial liabilities are measured at 
amortized cost except for redemption liabilities and non-hedged interest swap agreements, which are carried 
at fair value through profit or loss. The carrying values of financial instruments approximate their fair values, 
excluding the senior unsecured notes. The fair value of the senior unsecured notes is $326,596 (2023 - 
$315,875).
Financial risk management objectives
The Company’s activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks of varying degrees of significance, which 
could affect the Company’s ability to achieve its strategic objectives. AutoCanada’s overall risk management 
program focuses on the unpredictability of financial and economic markets and seeks to reduce potential 
adverse effects on the Company’s financial performance. Risk management is carried out by financial 
management in conjunction with overall corporate governance. The principal financial risks to which the 
Company is exposed are described below.
Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of 
changes in foreign currency and interest rates.
Foreign currency risk
The Company has operations in Canada and the United States. Foreign exchange risk arises from future 
commercial transactions and recognized assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is not the 
functional currency of the relevant entity. The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk because its 
Canadian and U.S. operations engage in transactions denominated in a currency other than their respective 
functional currency. Risk arises as a result of specific transfers associated with working capital between 
Canadian and U.S. operations as well as wholesale used vehicle transactions where Canadian operations will 
participate in disciplined cross-border sales when arbitrage opportunities are present.
The Company's exposure to foreign currency risk at the end of the reporting period, expressed in Canadian 
dollars is as follows:
2024
$
2023
$
USD 
USD 
Cash
7,915 
7,381 
Trade and other receivables
4,196 
2,562 
Derivative financial instruments (Note 25)
(1,741) 
2,112 
Trade and other payables
(462)
(389)
2024
$
2023
$
Net foreign currency exchange (losses) gains included in revenue 
(6,145) 
1,339 
Net foreign currency exchange gains (losses) included in other gains (losses), net
849 
(321) 
Total net foreign exchange (losses) gains included in income for the year before 
income tax from continuing operations
(5,296) 
1,018 
Impact on 
post-tax profit
Impact on 
post-tax profit
2024
$
2023
$
USD/CAD exchange rate - increase 10% (2023 - 5%)
1,339 
351 
USD/CAD exchange rate - decrease 10% (2023 - 5%)
(1,339) 
(351) 
 
Page 52  •  AutoCanada

Interest rate risk
The Company’s exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed in the liquidity 
risk management section herein, the indebtedness note (Note 23), the assets and liabilities held for sale note 
(Note 17) and the derivative financial instruments note (Note 25). 
+/- 200 Basis Point
+/- 100 Basis Point
2024
$
2023
$
2024
$
2023
$
Finance costs
19,837 
21,947 
9,918 
10,974 
Finance income
54 
66 
27 
33 
Embedded derivative 
The early redemption embedded derivative asset on the new issuance notes (Note 23) is subject to interest rate 
risk in the form of impacting the fair market valuation of the embedded derivative recorded. There is no change 
in fair value based on +/-200 basis or +/-100 basis point change.
Credit risk
The Company’s exposure to credit risk associated with its accounts receivable is the risk that a customer will be 
unable to pay amounts due to the Company. The concentration of credit risk with respect to contracts-in-transit 
and accounts receivable is limited primarily to automobile manufacturers and financial institutions. Credit risk 
arising from receivables with commercial customers is not significant due to the large number of customers 
dispersed across various geographic locations comprising the Company's customer base. Details of the aging 
of the Company’s trade and other receivables are disclosed in the table below. 
The Company applies the simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses, which uses a lifetime 
expected credit loss allowance for all trade receivables. The expected loss rates are based on the payment 
profiles of sales over the 12-month periods prior to December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 and the 
corresponding historical credit losses experienced within these periods.
The loss allowance for trade and other receivables as at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was 
determined as follows: 
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Expected 
loss rate
%
Gross carrying 
amount - Trade 
receivables
$
Expected 
loss 
allowance 
(Note 15)
$
Expected 
loss rate
%
Gross carrying 
amount - Trade 
receivables
$
Expected 
loss 
allowance 
(Note 15)
$
Current
0.01
151,828 
10 
0.01
165,539 
12 
31 - 60 days
0.65
12,264 
80 
1.24
23,295 
290 
61 - 90 days
7.20
4,805 
346 
5.53
13,029 
721 
91 - 120 days
15.37
2,429 
373 
7.22
5,288 
382 
> 120 days
27.23
4,192 
1,141 
10.14
18,173 
1,843 
Total
175,518 
1,950 
225,324 
3,248 
The closing loss allowance for trade receivables reconciles to the opening loss allowance as follows:
2024
$
2023
$
Balance,  January 1
3,248 
1,706 
Loan loss (recovery) allowance recognized in profit or loss during the year
(262)
3,614
Receivables written off during the year
(1,036) 
(2,072)
Balance,  December 31
1,950 
3,248 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, net impairment losses on trade and other receivables includes a 
write-down of $7,592 (2023 - $nil) for the Wholesale transactions at Capital Chrysler (Note 28).
 
Page 53  •  AutoCanada

The amounts disclosed on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position for accounts receivable are net of 
the expected loss allowance, details of which are disclosed in Note 15. When a trade and other receivable is 
uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account for trade and other receivables. Subsequent 
recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against operating expenses in the Consolidated 
Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Concentration of cash exists due to the significant amount of cash held with a Canadian financial institution. 
The syndicated revolving floorplan facility (Note 23) allows the Company's dealerships to hold excess cash 
(used to satisfy working capital requirements of the Company's various Original Equipment Manufacturer 
("OEM") partners) in an account with the financial institution which bears interest at 4.899% at December 31, 
2024 (2023 - 6.397%). These cash balances are fully accessible by the Company's dealerships at any time; 
however, in the event of a default by a dealership in its floorplan obligation; the cash may be used to offset 
unpaid balances under the facility. As a result, there is a concentration of cash balances risk to the Company in 
the event of a default under the facility.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company is not able to meet its financial obligations as they become due or can 
do so only at excessive cost. The Company’s activity is financed through a combination of the cash flows from 
operations, borrowing under existing credit facilities, other debt, and the issuance of equity. Prudent liquidity 
risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and the availability of funding through adequate amounts 
of committed credit facilities. One of management’s primary goals is to maintain an optimal level of liquidity 
through the active management of assets and liabilities as well as cash flows.
As at December 31, 2024, the Company’s liquidity consists of $67,343 in cash on hand, and $218,069 available 
to borrow under the Company’s revolving term facilities. The Company monitors for compliance with bank 
covenants under these facilities which are used to manage capital requirements and other operational 
activities. The Company's ability to borrow under these credit facilities requires it to comply with its financial 
covenants. In order to advance under these credit facilities, no material adverse change shall have occurred 
and no circumstances shall exist that could reasonably be expected to cause a material adverse effect on the 
Company. As disclosed in Note 23, the Company was in compliance with all covenants as at December 31, 
2024. Under the amended and extended credit facility, the Company is required to comply with the following 
covenants at the end of each quarter: 
Financial Covenants
Requirement
Q4 2024
Q1 2025
Q2 2025
Q3 2025
Q4 2025
Total Net Funded Debt to 
Bank EBITDA Ratio
Shall not exceed
7.50
7.50
5.50
4.50
4.00 
Fixed Charge Coverage 
Ratio
Shall not be less than
1.00
1.00
1.20
1.20
1.20 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had a comprehensive loss of $(58,871) (2023 - 
$61,612) and cash flows from operations of $31,626 (2023 - $119,534). The Company is actively managing an 
increased liquidity risk as a result of the current financial performance. In addition, the decline in market 
capitalization of the Company when compared to the book value of the net assets at December 31, 2024 (which 
has been identified as an impairment indicator (Note 20)) may impact the ability to raise additional capital in the 
future.
Given the Company’s increased risk of non-compliance with the Total Net Funded Debt to Bank EBITDA Ratio 
covenant, management is required to consider whether these conditions give rise to substantial doubt about 
the Company’s ability to meet its obligations within one year from the balance sheet date, and if so, whether 
management’s plans to negate these conditions will alleviate the increased liquidity risk and going concern risk. 
As explained in Note 23, the Company amended its syndicated credit agreement to: i) increase the Company's 
maximum permitted Total Net Funded Debt to EBITDA Ratio and decrease the Company's maximum permitted 
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio; and ii) include add-backs of up to $35,000 for specific one-time expenses, 
including $20,000 USD provisioned for FTC settlement expenses (Note 28), in the definition of EBITDA, to 
address the increased risk of non-compliance with covenants associated with the revolving term facilities.
At this time, the Company’s ability to comply with its financial covenants in the next twelve months is 
dependent on continued agreement with the Company’s lenders, accelerating initiatives to improve 
profitability, suspending mergers and acquisitions and capital return initiatives, freezing discretionary 
spending, and actively reviewing strategic alternatives for non-core and underperforming assets. It is the 
Company’s view that those efforts will be successful, however this is an area of significant judgment that is 
reliant on the outcomes of those efforts and there are no assurances that those efforts will be successful.
 
Page 54  •  AutoCanada

The following tables detail the Company’s remaining contractual maturity for its financial liabilities. The 
amounts below have been determined based on the undiscounted contractual maturities of the financial 
liabilities. For contractual interest payable, the cash flows have been estimated using the interest rates 
applicable as at December 31, 2024.
2025
$
2026
$
2027
$
2028
$
2029
$
Thereafter
$
Total
$
December 31, 2024
Trade and other payables
177,473 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
177,473 
Revolving floorplan 
facilities
1,010,579 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,010,579 
Vehicle repurchase 
obligations
3,705 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
3,705 
Indebtedness
1,688 
2,195 
158,619 
1,688 
351,688 
31,664 
547,542 
Contractual interest 
payable
32,261 
32,147 
25,494 
22,427 
4,744 
20,095 
137,168 
Lease liabilities
57,251 
56,640 
55,746 
54,995 
59,691 
462,045 
746,368 
Derivative financial 
instruments
4,427 
2,573 
1,238 
1,231 
763 
213 
10,445 
1,287,384 
93,555 
241,097 
80,341 
416,886 
514,017  2,633,280 
2024
$
2025
$
2026
$
2027
$
2028
$
Thereafter
$
Total
$
December 31, 2023
Trade and other payables
238,427 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
238,427
Revolving floorplan 
facilities
1,174,595 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,174,595 
Vehicle repurchase 
obligations
1,982 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,982 
Indebtedness
744 
744 
187,744 
744 
744 
377,515 
568,235 
Contractual interest 
payable
35,787 
35,675 
26,059 
22,087 
21,975 
16,890 
158,473 
Lease liabilities
62,532 
59,613 
55,793 
54,780 
38,099 
544,512 
815,329 
Derivative financial 
instruments
739 
740 
740 
— 
— 
— 
2,219 
1,514,806 
96,772 
270,336 
77,611 
60,818 
938,917  2,959,260 
33     Fair value of financial instruments
The Company’s financial instruments as at December 31, 2024 are represented by cash, trade and other 
receivables, other assets, trade and other payables, other liabilities, revolving floorplan facilities, vehicle 
repurchase obligations, indebtedness, an embedded derivative, redemption liabilities, and derivative financial 
instruments.
The fair values of cash, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables, other liabilities and revolving 
floorplan facilities approximate their carrying values due to their short-term nature.
The call option included in other assets (Level 3) is remeasured at fair value each reporting period with the gain 
or loss being recognized through profit or loss (Note 14). The fair value of the call option is calculated based on 
the equity value of the related subsidiary using the DCF method.
The indebtedness has a carrying value that approximates the fair value due to the floating rate nature of the 
debt. While there is a portion that has a fixed rate, the indebtedness has a carrying value that is not materially 
different from its fair value.
The embedded derivative (Level 2) included within indebtedness (Note 23) is carried at fair value using the Hull 
White pricing model. 
 
Page 55  •  AutoCanada

Derivative financial instruments are made up of interest rate swap agreements and foreign exchange forward 
contracts (Level 2). The fair value of both instruments are calculated as the present value of the future cash 
flows. Both contractually agreed payments and forward rates are used to calculate the cash flows, which are 
then discounted on the basis of a yield curve that is observable in the market.
Redemption liabilities (Level 3) are remeasured at fair value each reporting period with the gain or loss being 
recognized through profit or loss (Note 14). Fair value of the 15154871 Canada Inc. redemption liability is 
calculated based on the enterprise value of the related subsidiary using the DCF method. Fair value of the other 
redemption liabilities are calculated based on an applicable multiple in the range of 5.0 to 8.0 times (2023 - 5.0 
to 7.9 times) applied to projected EBITDA. 
The fair value was determined based on the prevailing and comparable market interest rates.
The fair value hierarchy categorizes fair value measurements into three levels based on the inputs to valuation 
technique, which are defined as follows:
●Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
●Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or
liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices).
●Level 3 – Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is,
unobservable inputs).
There were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the year.
34 Dealership divestitures 
Ponoka Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram
On September 10, 2024, the Company sold substantially all of the operating assets of Ponoka Chrysler Dodge 
Jeep Ram, located in Ponoka, Alberta, for cash consideration. Gross proceeds of $8,647 resulted in a pre-tax 
gain on divestiture of $25, included in gain on disposal of assets in the Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Airdrie Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram
On September 10, 2024, the Company sold substantially all of the operating assets of Airdrie Chrysler Dodge 
Jeep Ram, located in Airdrie, Alberta, for cash consideration. Gross proceeds of $24,564 resulted in a pre-tax 
loss on divestiture of $758, included in gain on disposal of assets in the Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Okanagan Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram
On November 18, 2024, the Company sold substantially all of the operating assets of Okanagan Chrysler Dodge 
Jeep Ram, located in Kelowna, British Columbia, for cash consideration. Gross proceeds of $26,286 resulted in 
a pre-tax gain on divestiture of $7,546, included in gain on disposal of assets in the Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
 
Page 56  •  AutoCanada

The dealership divestitures completed during the year ended December 31, 2024 are summarized as follows:
Ponoka 
Chrysler 
Dodge Jeep 
Ram
$
Airdrie 
Chrysler 
Dodge Jeep 
Ram
$
Okanagan 
Chrysler 
Dodge Jeep 
Ram
$
Total
$
Account receivables
— 
— 
134 
134 
Inventories
6,306 
14,723 
16,419 
37,448 
Property and equipment
131 
288 
204 
623 
Other current assets
1 
71 
286 
358 
Intangible assets
2,345 
10,414 
1,726 
14,485 
Total assets
8,783 
25,496 
18,769 
53,048 
Trade and other payables
161 
174 
29 
364 
Total liabilities
161 
174 
29 
364 
Net assets disposed
8,622 
25,322 
18,740 
52,684 
Net proceeds on divestiture
8,647 
24,564 
26,286 
59,497 
Net pre-tax gain (loss) on divestiture
25 
(758)
7,546
6,813 
35     Related party transactions
Transactions with related parties
During the year, there were transactions with companies controlled by the Executive Chair. These 
counterparties are: 
●A vehicle wholesale and export business that supplies and purchases used vehicles with the
Company; and
●A firm, that provides administrative, limited transportation, and other support services.
All significant transactions between AutoCanada and related parties were reviewed by the Company's Board of 
Directors and are based on normal commercial terms and conditions. A summary of the transactions is as 
follows: 
2024
$
2023
$
Administrative and other support and transportation fees
1,697 
1,566 
Vehicle purchases from related parties
162 
— 
Vehicle sales to related parties
2,387 
1,755 
Used Digital Division
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company made cash payments of $22,500 to a company 
controlled by the Executive Chair for amounts owing for the purchase of the 15% common interest in the Used 
Digital Division Minority Interest on December 27, 2023 (Note 14). The agreement requires $15,000 of the cash 
purchase consideration to be used by the company controlled by the Executive Chair to purchase the 
Company's common shares within a two-year period from the closing date. Cash is advanced to the company 
controlled by the Executive Chair upon request with excess cash not used to purchase the Company's common 
shares returned to the Company until the agreement expires. The company controlled by the Executive Chair 
purchased 701,253 of the Company's common shares with the cash advanced.
As at December 31, 2024, the Company has $nil (December 31, 2023 - $22,500) recorded in accruals and 
provisions within trade and other payables for amounts owing to the Executive Chair related to the purchase of 
the Used Digital Division Minority Interest.
 
Page 57  •  AutoCanada

Key management personnel compensation
Key management personnel consists of the Company's executive officers and directors. Key management 
personnel compensation is as follows:
2024
$
2023
$
Employee costs (including Directors)
4,153 
6,597 
Termination benefits
2,503 
— 
Short-term employee benefits
197 
198 
Used Digital Division equity issuance
— 
28,950 
Share-based compensation
3,458 
4,503 
10,311 
40,248 
36    Net change in non-cash working capital
The following table summarizes the net decrease in cash due to changes in non-cash working capital for the 
years ended: 
December 31, 
2024
$
December 31, 
2023
$
Trade and other receivables
22,758 
(6,640) 
Inventories
54,071 
(175,899) 
Other current assets
2,806 
(5,206) 
Trade and other payables 
17,739 
(270) 
Revolving floorplan facilities
(94,308) 
184,981 
Other liabilities
(1,741)
(518)
  Net change in non-cash working capital
1,325 
(3,552) 
Factors that can affect these items include seasonal sales trends, strategic decisions regarding inventory levels, 
the addition of new dealerships, and the day of the week on which period-end cut-off occurs.     
37     Segmented reporting
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Executive Chair served as the function of the Chief Operating 
Decision Maker ("CODM"). The Executive Chair is responsible for allocating resources and assessing the 
performance of the following segments: Canadian Operations and U.S. Operations.
Each reportable operating segment is comprised of retail automobile dealerships and related businesses. As at 
December 31, 2024, the results of the Company's retail automobile dealership in its U.S. Operations have been 
presented as a discontinued operation (Note 18).
Transactions between reportable segments are accounted for in accordance with the accounting policies 
described in the summary of significant accounting policies. 
AutoCanada's corporate office has been included with the Canadian Operations segment, as it is located in 
Canada.
 
Page 58  •  AutoCanada

The CODM measures the performance of each operating segment based on operating profit. The segmented 
information is set out in the following tables:
Year ended December 31, 2024
Year ended December 31, 2023
Revised (1)
Canada 
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Canada 
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Revenue
Total revenue
5,351,672 
747,300 
6,098,972 
5,607,194 
829,609  6,436,803 
Revenue from discontinued 
operation (Note 18)
— 
(747,300) 
(747,300) 
— 
(829,609)  (829,609) 
Revenue from continuing 
operations
5,351,672 
— 
5,351,672 
5,607,194 
—  5,607,194 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
Year ended December 31, 
2024
Year ended December 31, 
2023
Revised (1)
Canada 
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Canada
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Gross profit
882,277 
102,359 
984,636 
977,662 
144,125 
1,121,787 
Operating expenses (Note 8)
(735,312) 
(151,143)  (886,455) 
(777,159) 
(135,521)  (912,680) 
Operating profit (loss) before other income
146,965 
(48,784) 
98,181 
 200,503 
8,604 
209,107 
Lease and other income, net (Note 10)
7,850 
1,532 
9,382 
12,775 
381 
13,156 
Gain on disposal of assets, net (Note 10)
29,781 
— 
29,781 
442 
(20)
422
Expected credit losses on trade and other 
receivables
(8,737) 
— 
(8,737) 
(2,230) 
(353)
(2,583)
(Impairment) recoveries of non-financial assets 
(Note 20, 24)
(4,542) 
(11,393) 
(15,935) 
3,538 
— 
3,538
Impairment loss recognized on remeasurement 
to fair value less cost to dispose
— 
(5,123) 
(5,123) 
— 
— 
— 
Operating profit (loss)
171,317 
(63,768) 
107,549  1 215,028 
8,612 
223,640 
Finance costs (Note 11)
(129,678) 
(25,920) (155,598)  (123,020) 
(22,919) (145,939) 
Finance income (Note 11)
2,674 
— 
2,674 
3,346 
— 
3,346 
(Loss) gain on redemption liabilities (Note 14)
(486)
—
(486)
3,639
— 
3,639 
Other gains (losses), net
846  
—
846 
(321)
—
(321) 
Income (loss)  for the period before taxation
44,673 
(89,688) 
(45,015) 
98,672 
(14,307) 
84,365 
Loss for the period before taxation from 
discontinued operation (Note 18)
— 
89,688 
89,688 
— 
14,307 
14,307 
Income for the period before taxation from 
continuing operations
44,673 
— 
44,673 
98,672 
— 
98,672 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
 
Page 59  •  AutoCanada

As at December 31, 2024
As at December 31, 2023
Canada
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Canada 
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Assets held for sale (Note 17, 18)
6,658 
326,035 
332,693 
22,152 
— 
22,152 
Segment assets
2,672,660 
333,168  3,005,828 
 2,834,012 
325,427  3,159,439 
Capital expenditures and 
acquisition of real estate (Note 19)
25,154 
2,664 
27,818 
61,556 
9,158 
70,714 
Liabilities held for sale (Note 18)
— 
201,966 
201,966 
— 
— 
— 
Segment liabilities
1,906,801 
603,699  2,510,500 
 2,098,703 495,907  2,594,610 
Disaggregation of revenue
The significant majority of the Company's revenue is from contracts with customers. Taxes assessed by 
governmental authorities that are directly imposed on revenue transactions are excluded from revenue. In the 
following table, revenue is disaggregated by major lines of goods and services and timing of transfer of goods 
and services. The Company has determined that these categories depict how the nature, amount, timing, and 
uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The table below also includes a 
reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with the Company's reportable segments:
As at December 31, 2024
As at December 31, 2023
Revised (1)
Canada
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
Canada 
$
U.S.
$
Total
$
New vehicles
 2,306,112 
352,832  2,658,944  2,242,329 
311,898 
2,554,227 
Used vehicles
 2,054,855 
254,932  2,309,787  2,360,703 
365,773 
2,726,476 
Parts and service 
556,297 
101,955 
658,252 
565,571 
100,632 
666,203 
Collision repair
130,913 
37,581 
168,494 
116,123 
— 
116,123 
Finance, insurance and other
303,495 
— 
303,495 
322,468 
51,306 
373,774 
Revenue
 5,351,672 
747,300  6,098,972  5,607,194 
829,609 
6,436,803 
Revenue from discontinued 
operation (Note 18)
—  (747,300) 
(747,300) 
— 
(829,609) 
(829,609) 
Revenue from continuing 
operations
 5,351,672 
— 
5,351,672  5,607,194 
— 
5,607,194 
1  Comparative period revised to reflect current period presentation. See Note 18 Discontinued operation for additional 
information.
38     Subsequent events
Civil investigation
On January 8, 2025, the Company paid $28,856 ($20,000 USD) to the FTC and the State of Illinois in monetary 
relief, with no civil penalties (Note 28).
Termination of Volvo franchise
On February 14, 2025, the Company terminated its Volvo franchise at Bloomington/Normal Auto Mall, located in 
Illinois, for cash consideration of $894. The Volvo franchise was presented as assets held for sale in the U.S. 
Operations segment, which was presented as a discontinued operation, as at December 31, 2024.
Closure of RightRide division
On March 4, 2025, the Company closed all remaining locations within the RightRide division, which are 
included within the Canadian Operations segment. This decision is part of a larger strategic shift to optimize 
operations and reduce leverage.
 
Page 60  •  AutoCanada

Termination of loan agreement with a subsidiary
On March 7, 2025, the Company terminated an agreement with a subsidiary within the Canadian Operations 
segment, which impacts the contractual rights over the subsidiary. The termination agreement requires the 
counterparty to pay the Company $14,502 for repayment of loans in addition to $15,605 for accrued interest, 
accrued royalty fees, and a termination fee.  The Company is still assessing the impact of the termination of this 
agreement.
 
Page 61  •  AutoCanada

AutoCanada Inc.
200 - 15511 123 Avenue NW
Edmonton, AB • T5V 0C3 www.autocan.ca