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Blonder Tongue Laboratories Inc.

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FY2022 Annual Report · Blonder Tongue Laboratories Inc.
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UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 

FORM 10-K 

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 
1934 

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 

OR 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT 
OF 1934 

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ________ to ________ 

Commission file number: 1-14120 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

One Jake Brown Road, Old Bridge, New Jersey 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

52-1611421 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 

08857 
(Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (732) 679-4000 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 

Trading Symbols(s) 

NONE 

NONE 

Name of Exchange on which 
registered 
NONE 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 
Yes ☐ No ☒ 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the 
Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be 
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for 
such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, 
a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated 
filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Large accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer 

☐  Accelerated filer 
☒  Smaller reporting company 
Emerging growth company 

☐ 
☒ 
☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition 
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of 
the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of 
the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 
U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐ 

If  securities  are  registered  pursuant  to  Section  12(b)  of  the  Act,  indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  financial 
statements  of  the  registrant  included  in  the  filing  reflect  the  correction  of  an  error  to  previously  issued  financial 
statements. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of 
incentive-based  compensation  received  by  any  of  the  registrant’s  executive  officers  during  the  relevant  recovery 
period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes 
☐ No ☒ 

The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2022: $1,440,913 

Number of shares of common stock, par value $.001, outstanding as of April 14, 2023: 13,368,538 

Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the registrant's Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated 
herein.  Such  proxy  statement  will  be  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  within  120  days  of  the 
registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART I  

Business  

Item 1. 
Item 1A.  Risk Factors  
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments  
Item 2. 
Item 3. 
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures  

Properties 
Legal Proceedings  

PART II  

Page 
No. 

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Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 

Equity Securities 

Reserved  

Item 6. 
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk  
Item 8. 
Item 9. 
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures 
Item 9B.  Other Information 
Item 9C.  Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure  

PART III  

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance  
Item 11.  Executive Compensation  
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 

Matters  

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence  
Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services  

PART IV  

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statements Schedules  
Item 16.  Form 10-K Summary 

SIGNATURES  

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47 

Forward-Looking Statements 

In addition to historical information, this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., 
a  Delaware  Corporation  (“Blonder  Tongue”  or  the  “Company”),  contains  forward-looking  statements  regarding 
future  events  relating  to  such  matters  as  anticipated  financial  performance,  business  prospects,  technological 
developments,  new  products,  research  and  development  activities  and  similar  matters.  The  Private  Securities 
Litigation  Reform  Act of  1995,  the Securities  Act of  1933  and  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  provide  safe 
harbors for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of these safe harbors, the Company notes 
that a variety of factors could cause the Company’s actual results and experience to differ materially and adversely 
from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the Company’s forward-looking statements. The risks 
and uncertainties that may  affect the  operation, performance,  development  and results of  the Company’s business 
include, but are not limited to, those matters discussed herein in the sections entitled Item 1 - Business, Item 1A - Risk 
Factors, Item 3 - Legal Proceedings and Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and 
Results  of  Operations.  The  words  “believe,”  “expect,”  “anticipate,”  “project,”  “target,”  “intend,”  “plan,”  “seek,” 
“estimate,” “endeavor,” “should,” “could,” “may” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking 
statements. In addition, any statements that refer to projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated 
trends in our business and other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. 
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s 
analysis only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking 
statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof, except as may be required under applicable 
law. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described herein and in other documents the Company files from 
time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
ii 

PART I 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS 

Introduction 

Blonder Tongue, with its subsidiary R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC (“Drake”), is a technology research and 
development (“R&D”) company with U.S.-based manufacturing, that delivers a wide range of products and services 
to  major  telecommunications,  cable  and  fiber  optic  service  delivery  operators,  as  well  as  broadcasters  and  media 
production companies. For over 70 years, Blonder Tongue Labs and Drake Digital products have provided the latest 
technology  for  telecom  company  Central  Offices  (COs),  cable  operator  headends,  broadcaster  studios  (together 
“Telecom”), as well as to lodging/hospitality, multi-dwelling units/apartments (“MDU”) and a range of business to 
business (“B-B”) customers at a wide range of locations including university campuses, healthcare/hospitals, fitness 
centers, government facilities, military bases, prisons, airports, sports stadiums/arenas, entertainment venues/casinos, 
retail stores, and other small-medium businesses. These applications are also variously described as small and medium 
sized businesses in commercial, institutional, or enterprise environments, and will be referred to herein collectively as 
“SMB”.  The  customers  we  serve  also  include  business  entities  distributing  and  installing  private  data  delivery, 
broadband  and  video  networks  in  these  environments,  including  the  world’s  largest  cable  television  operators, 
telecommunications  providers  and  satellite  providers,  as  well  as  integrators,  architects,  engineers  of  the  next 
generation of Internet Protocol Television (“IPTV”) streaming video service providers. 

The Company continues to be focused on the  needs of an expanding  group  of customers,  providing high 
quality,  ultra-high  reliability  technology  products  to  meet  their  needs  and  supporting  those  products  following 
deployment. For over 70 years Blonder Tongue has provided innovative solutions based on continually advancing 
technology. Since its founding, Blonder Tongue has continued to keep abreast of evolving technologies, from analog 
to digital television, Hybrid-Fiber Coax (“HFC”) networks with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (“QAM”) edge 
devices,  High  Definition  (“HD”)  and  Ultra  HD  (“4K”)  and  (“UHD”)  video  encoding  and  transcoding,  IPTV 
processing  and  distribution,  and  most  recently  with  the  introduction  of  multiscreen  Adaptive  Bit  Rate  (“ABR”) 
technologies and high-speed data delivery and reception technologies. 

The cable and telecommunications markets have reacted quickly to consumer demands for additional services 
by integrating multiple technologies into existing networks, providing consumers with high-speed internet access in 
addition to enhanced video offerings. Today, video offerings have expanded from traditional broadcast linear delivery 
to the living room TV to live streaming to any device in  your home or  on the  go. Traditional  TV  content is  now 
available in any format to be viewed on tablets, mobile phones, computers or gaming consoles. SMB and IPTV service 
providers are migrating their video-on-demand (“VOD”) architecture to IPTV, and a multiscreen ecosystem. Service 
operators  and  SMB  businesses  are  upgrading  their  networks  to  have  the  capability  to  deliver  4K  video  resolution 
content to TVs and adding the capability of IPTV streaming to additional, normally small screens, thereby expanding 
viewer access to HD content on any IP-connected devices. The infrastructure requirements to enable IP streaming 
with a wide variety of resolutions and ABR bit rates provides the Company with an opportunity to market and sell its 
expanded IP streaming encoders and digital product lines. 

Both the IPTV and SMB markets are forecast to grow over the next few years. The IPTV market was valued 
at $59.7 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach $146.2 billion by 2031; a CAGR of 9.5% from 2022 to 2031. The 
SMB market segments that the Company serves have been focused on the migration from HFC to IPTV networks. 
The Company has expanded its video product line portfolio to address the growth of IP streaming. The Company has 
collaborated with large telecommunications operators and with leading cable television (“CATV”) Multiple System 
Operators  (“MSOs”)  to  produce  new  cost-effective  video  encoder  and  transcoder  products  for  IP  support  of  both 
traditional  broadcast  and  Public,  Education  and  Government  (“PEG”)  video  content.  The  company  has  also  been 
involved recently in initiatives for regional content acquisition for backhaul, ingest and redistribution from centralized 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
facilities  using  modern  IP,  IPTV  and  CDN  video  distribution  architectures,  these  technologies  taken  together  are 
referred to as Over The Top or “OTT”. In 2018, the Company introduced the NeXgen Gateway (“NXG”) digital video 
signal processing platform to specifically address the service provider challenges of migrating from traditional CATV 
HFC based topologies and technologies to Internet Protocol (“IP”) and IPTV based topologies and technologies. As 
the industry has begun to adopt UHD, 4K, and High Efficiency Video Coding (“HEVC”) encoding, the Company has 
begun to produce products to support these emerging requirements. IPTV growth worldwide is projected to result in 
398 million subscribers by 2026. NXG sales were $2,709,000 in 2022 and $1,924,000 in 2021, respectively. 

1 

In January 2020, the Company began implementing a strategic plan to improve operating results and increase 

shareholder value. This plan consists of: 

●  Rationalizing operating expenses to anticipated revenue and income levels 

●  Focusing R&D on short-term high-confidence opportunities with compelling ROI 

●  Expanding sales and marketing efforts directly to service operators 

●  Streamlining manufacturing operations and simplifying product offerings, and 

● 

Increasing gross margins. 

In April 2023, the Company has further decided to revise its strategic plan in order to achieve profitability, 

which may include but is not limited to: 

●  Scaling down certain less profitable operations; and 

●  Reduction in work force. 

The Company has entered into and/or renewed several agreements through which it has acquired rights to 
use  and  incorporate  certain  proprietary  technologies  in  its  digital  encoder,  transcoder  and  NXG  lines  of  products, 
including: 

1.  Widevine / Google LLC, DRM License Agreement for content partners and OEMs (Google LLC). 

2.  Verimatrix  ViewRight  IPTV  and  ViewRight  IPTV  Professional  License  to  Distribute,  License  to 

Integrate and Client Integration Agreement. 

3. 

Implementation  and  System  License  Agreement  with  Dolby  Laboratories  Licensing  Corporation 
(“Dolby Labs”) for Dolby Digital Plus Professional Encoder, 5.1 and 2 channel licensed technology. 

4.  License Agreement with LG Electronics as a Pro:Idiom content Protection System Manufacturer. 

5.  Ownership  from  the  Motion  Picture  Experts  Group  of  an  MPEG-2  4:2:2  Profile  High  Level  Video 

Encoder IP core. 

The Widevine / Google LLC License Agreement grants the Company the right to manufacture, label and sell 
professional  Digital  Rights  Management  (“DRM”)  enabled  products  that  include  certain  Widevine  DRM 
technologies. 

  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
The Verimatrix ViewRight IPTV, ViewRight IPTV Professional License to Distribute, License to Integrate 
and Client Integration Agreement grants the Company the right to integrate the Company’s products with Verimatrix 
ViewRight  IPTV  and  ViewRight  IPTV  Professional  DRM  technologies  and  to  sell  and  distribute  the  resulting 
integrated  products  to  Service  Operator  customers  that  hold  Verimatrix  licenses  to  deploy  the  associated  DRM 
technologies. 

The  Dolby®  Labs  License  Agreement  grants  the  Company  the  right  to  manufacture,  label  and  sell 
professional digital encoder products and consumer digital decoder products and to use the Dolby trademarks. This 
technology has a number of improvements aimed at increasing quality at a given bit rate compared with legacy Dolby 
Digital  (AC-3).  Most  notably,  it  offers  increased  bit  rates,  support  for  more  audio  channels,  improved  coding 
techniques to reduce compression artifacts, and backward compatibility with existing AC-3 hardware. 

The  LG  Electronics  license  agreement  provides  the  Company  with  certain  technology  necessary  for  the 
provision of Pro:Idiom encryption and decryption devices for the hospitality industry. Almost all of the high value 
content owners require that service providers protect the content by employing this technology. Consequently, content 
can be transferred through and among these devices only if incorporating this technology. 

The Pro:Idiom digital technology platform provides the hospitality market with a robust, secure DRM system, 
ensuring rapid, broad deployment of HD television (“HDTV”) and other high-value digital content to licensed users 
in  the  lodging  industry.  Lodging  industry  leaders  such  as  World  Cinema  Inc.  have  licensed  the  Pro:Idiom  DRM 
system. A growing number of content providers have demonstrated their acceptance of Pro:Idiom by licensing their 
HD content for delivery by Pro:Idiom licensees. 

The MPEG-2 Encoder IP core has a unique compression engine capable of creating HD MPEG-2 real-time 
encoding  of  a  single  channel  of  1080i/720p/480i  video.  The  use  of  this  real-time  encoding  technique  enables  the 
Company  to  provide  broadcast  MPEG-2  HD  and  SD  encoding.  MPEG-2  is  widely  used  as  the  format  of  digital 
television signals that are broadcast by terrestrial (over-the-air), cable, and direct broadcast satellite TV systems. 

2 

The H.264/AVC is a video compression standard that enables a compelling solution for growing IP video 
services. The H.264 HD Encoder core has the capability to cut the bandwidth requirement for digital video delivery 
in half when compared against MPEG-2 encoders. This essentially facilitates the transmission of twice the number of 
programs in a given bandwidth. The use of this H.264 encoding technology enables the Company to provide high 
quality video at higher resolutions like 720p, 1080i and 1080p. H.264 is a widely used format for transmitting high 
quality  digital  television  signals  over  IP  and  Wi-Fi  networks.  The  Company  started  shipping  the  H.264  capable 
encoders in 2012. 

The H.265/HEVC technology is a video compression standard that enables IP and IPTV video services to be 
better  prepared for  transmission  and  streaming  over  even  narrower  and  less  robust  networks  as  compared  to  both 
MPEG-2 and H.264 technologies. HEVC is and is expected to be primarily used by current and future internet based 
and  private  IP  based  over-the-top  video  streaming  services  and  in  the  near  future  for  satellite  and  terrestrial 
transmissions. The Company began to ship HEVC capable encoders and transcoders in 2020. 

Secure Reliable Transport (“SRT”) technology is a video and IP network oriented forward error correction 
(“FEC”),  security  and  reliability  application  level  protocol  designed  to  allow  for  high  confidence  transmission  of 
compressed  video  and  audio  content  over  the  open  internet  or  over  privately  owned  IP  networks.  SRT  has  been 
standardized  by  the  SRT  Alliance,  consisting  of  a  group  of  international  participating  companies.  The  Company 
completed its implementation of SRT and began shipping SRT capable products supporting video encoder, transcoder 
and IP network interfaces in 2021. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
The  Advanced  Encryption  Standard  (“AES”)  technology  is  a  US  National  Institute  of  Standards  and 
Technology (“NIST”) standard for the protection of electronic data, including data based content such as digitized 
audio and video transmissions. Blonder Tongue Laboratories has broadened the use of and implementations of AES 
technology across a wide range of product lines and use cases over the course of 2020 and 2021. 

MPEG-DASH and HLS are the two primary Adaptive Bit-Rate (“ABR”) technologies used in internet, IPTV 
and Wi-Fi based video delivery in the world today, enabling multi-screen delivery and optimization of video quality 
to  the  available  bandwidth  of  an  internet  connection  to  television,  phone,  tablet  or  other  viewing  locations.  The 
Company completed initial ABR technology and product implementations in 2021. 

In 2019, the Company initiated a consumer premise equipment (“CPE”) sales initiative. The products were 
primarily comprised of Android-based IPTV set top boxes targeted to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 telecommunications and 
fiber optics based service providers. Total CPE product sales, including product accessories and replacement parts, 
were $29,000 in 2022 and $1,120,000 in 2021. 

The Company’s manufacturing is located primarily in its facility in Old Bridge, New Jersey (the “Old Bridge 
Facility”) with a small portion of overall product production supported by key contract manufacturers located in Ohio, 
Taiwan, South Korea and the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). The Company currently manufactures the large 
majority of its digital products, including the latest NXG, Clearview, Aircaster and Drake series product lines, as well 
as other digital signal processing product models at its Old Bridge, New Jersey Facility. Since 2007 the Company has 
been  manufacturing  certain  high-  volume,  labor  intensive  products,  including  certain  of  the  Company’s  analog 
products, in the PRC, pursuant to a manufacturing agreement that governs the production of products that may from 
time to time be the subject of purchase orders submitted by (and in the discretion of) the Company. The Company 
does  not  currently  anticipate  the  transfer  of  any  additional  products  to  the  PRC  for  manufacture.  Since  2019  the 
Company also has been manufacturing certain high-volume,  labor intensive products  in  Taiwan and South Korea. 
This product mix represents a small percentage of the Company’s revenue but allows the Company to benefit from 
relatively favorable tariff policies. Since 2021, the Company has begun outsourcing a small percentage of product-
specific manufacturing to a contract manufacturer in Ohio.  Manufacturing  products at the  Company’s  Old Bridge 
Facility and in Ohio, the PRC, Taiwan and South Korea enables the Company to realize cost reductions and, with 
regard to Ohio, Taiwan and South Korea, favorable tariff treatment while maintaining a competitive position and time-
to-market advantages. 

The Company was incorporated in November, 1988, under the laws of Delaware as GPS Acquisition Corp. 
for the purpose of acquiring the business of Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, which was 
founded in 1950 by Ben H. Tongue and Isaac S. Blonder to design, manufacture and supply a line of electronics and 
systems equipment principally for  the private  cable  industry. Following  the  acquisition, the Company  changed  its 
name to Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. The Company completed the initial public offering of its shares of common 
stock in December, 1995. The address of the Company’s principal executive offices is One Jake Brown Road, Old 
Bridge, New Jersey 08857, and its telephone number at that location is (732) 679-4000. 

3 

Strategy  

Telecom 

The primary end locations of the Company’s products have evolved to focus on Telco COs, cable operator 
headends, and local content ingest locations for Telco, cable and fiber optic based service operators. We provide a 
wide range of products to meet the special needs of these applications, and we serve many types of customers, from 
large Telco and cable companies to distribution channels, integrators and private contractors. We sell to companies 
installing or distributing video and data delivery products including: 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
●  Telephone and fiber optics telecommunications operators (both large and small) that design, package, 
install and in most cases operate, upgrade and maintain the systems they build; cable system operators 
(both large and small) that design, package, install and in most instances operate, upgrade and maintain 
the systems they build; 

●  Television broadcasters and video production facilities that create signals for redistribution and require 

digital encoding, transcoding, transmission and encryption/security technology; 

●  Telephone, fiber optics, and cable-based telecommunications operators who deploy their services in the 

Lodging, Hospitality and Assisted Living Markets; and 

●  SMB  system  operators  that  operate,  upgrade,  and  maintain  the  systems  that  are  in  their  facilities,  or 

contractors that install, upgrade and maintain these systems in a wide variety of applications. 

The key to proactively responding to the evolving needs of the foregoing Telecom environment is to build a 
suite  of  product  solutions  that  are  optimized  for  the  operator’s  existing  infrastructure,  as  well  as  future  strategy. 
Operators look for the following features when selecting technology: 

●  Versatility  for  Now,  providing  multiple  source  inputs  and  different  output  formats,  including 
simultaneous  IPTV,  QAM,  and  NTSC  analog  television  capability.  OTT  technology  support,  off-air 
local program ingest, locally generated content, and national broadcasts can all be viewed on televisions 
via coax, as well as on desktops, phones and tablets, and other connected devices via an IP network. This 
allows operators to expand the reach of their video without having to run additional wiring throughout a 
facility and optimize the use of existing infrastructures. 

●  Flexibility for the Future, recognizing that even if an operator is not utilizing IPTV, QAM and NTSC 
analog  outputs  today,  these  features  may  be  needed  tomorrow.  Operators  seek  to  choose  scalable 
technology  that  can  keep  up  with  advances  in  system  architecture  and  allow  them  to  best  leverage 
existing data and Wi-Fi infrastructure, without overburdening it. This includes considerations for TV 
Everywhere (bring your own content/device) as well as Ultra-HD and 4K resolution television. 

●  Affordability, identifying high-quality, cost-effective, innovative solutions with a strong performance-
to-cost ratio, is the key to ensure that the service provider can offer a competitively priced package to 
their  residential,  business  and  enterprise  customers  by  focusing  on  the  features  required  and  its 
management, including remote setup, monitoring and diagnostics through an IP interface and potentially 
providing a hot spare, hot swap or automatic failover capability. 

The functions and features of the Blonder Tongue NXG, Clearview, Aircaster and Drake series product lines 
are specifically targeted to deliver comprehensive and cost-effective solutions to all the market needs described in the 
forgoing paragraphs. 

A key component of the Company’s growth  strategy  is  to  leverage its reputation  across a  comprehensive 
product line, offering one-stop-shop convenience to the telco, cable, fiber optic, broadcast and professional markets 
and deliver products having a high performance-to-cost ratio. The Company has historically enjoyed, and continues 
to enjoy, a leading position in specific portions of the Telecom market segments that it serves. 

SMB 

The ongoing evolution of the Company’s product lines for the SMB marketplace and for service operators 
and integrators serving the SMB marketplace focus on the increased needs created in digital technology by digital 
video, IPTV, HDTV and 4K signals, and the transport of these signals over state-of-the-art broadband, ethernet, Wi-
Fi and fiber optic networks. The Company has begun to renew R&D and new product efforts in this market segment 
recently as the SMB markets have begun recovery. 

 
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
4 

CPE 

In 2019, the Company initiated a consumer premise equipment (“CPE”) sales initiative, comprised primarily 
of Android-based IPTV set top boxes to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 cable and telecommunications service providers. This 
strategic initiative was designed to secure direct relationships with a wide range of service providers, and increase 
sales of the Company’s Telecom and SMB products by the BT Premier Distributors to those same service providers, 
during. In 2021, the Company determined to de-emphasize CPE products and strategy due to the initiative’s low gross 
margin. Total CPE product sales, including  product  accessories and  replacement  parts, were $29,000 in 2022 and 
$1,120,000  in  2021  and  accounted  for  approximately  0%  and  7%  of  the  Company’s  2022  and  2021  revenues, 
respectively. CPE related contribution to net income has not had a material impact on the Company’s performance. 

Markets Overview  

For  the  last  40  years,  the  television  industry  has  been  dominated  by  traditional  cable  operators,  who 
subsequently expanded into high-speed internet, telephony, and wireless services and are currently estimated to have 
46.5 million video subscribers in the U.S. market. The penetration of wireless and direct-broadcast satellite (“DBS”) 
(such as DIRECTV® and DISH Network®) in the video market, while reduced, still has a combined subscriber count 
of approximately 17.5 million. Telephone companies (i.e. Verizon) also compete with cable operators for services on 
a national level, delivering video, high-speed internet and telephony services direct to the home or to the curb with an 
estimate of over 6.5 million video subscribers. 

With  IPTV  technology  comes  additional  market  pressures  and  opportunities.  First,  there  is  the  matter  of 
alternative TV services riding OTT on existing high-speed data infrastructures, where the delivered video is not part 
of the service provider’s own video content or service. Examples include Web-delivered video such as Netflix, Hulu, 
Prime Video and Apple TV. Cable, satellite and telco service providers have been innovating to provide additional 
service offerings to compete with lower cost OTT television providers (subscribers exceeding 300 million globally). 
In addition, content providers such as Disney, NBC, HBO, SHOWTIME and CBS have deployed their own streaming 
services, without requiring a cable TV subscription. Streaming service subscribers are now larger in count than cable, 
DBS  and  telco  TV  subscribers.  With  the  advent  of  “TV  Everywhere”,  where  video  is  displayed  not  only  on  the 
traditional television, but also on personal computers and mobile devices, service providers are trying to tackle not 
only  technological  challenges  associated  with  these  offerings,  but  also  content  management  and  customer 
authentication. The idea that the consumer is at the center, and not the hardware or the network, is revolutionizing 
how video (and media) content is delivered. 

The long-term implications of these developments are increased competition for the provision of services 
and a trend toward delivery of these services using IP technologies over the open internet, and IPTV technologies over 
private networks. This continuing major market transition has resulted in changing consumer expectations, placing 
the  residential  video  delivery  networks,  business-to-business,  lodging  and  institutional  markets  under  pressure  to 
install new infrastructure and upgrade existing networks. Each sub-market mentioned above has different network 
upgrade cycles, but to remain competitive the Company has been and must continue to increase its product offerings 
for digital television, IP and IPTV technologies, encoding, decoding and transcoding, and support of a wider range of 
digital media delivery applications. 

Cable Television 

Most cable operators, large and small, have built networks with various combinations of fiber optic and coax 
cable to deliver television, internet and telephone services on one drop cable. Cable television deployment of fiber 
optic trunk has been completed in all deployed cable systems. The HFC network architecture is employed to provide 
digital  video,  OTT,  HDTV,  IPTV,  high  speed  internet,  and  digital  telephone  service.  With  the  adoption  of  new 
technology developed by a newly combined SCTE and CableLabs® standards organization, the cable industry is using 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
“edge” devices, node splitting and digital video switching to increase both services and subscriber capacity from each 
existing node as well as lowering the cost to create new nodes in their deployment architectures, to accommodate 
IPTV  offerings  in  both  residential  and  B-B  market  deployments.  Further,  the  Company  has  recently  announced  a 
series of products and product derivatives tailored to aid a subset of cable service providers, running specific security 
technologies on their networks, to expand their IP television deployments to service their business customers as well 
as residential customers. All of these networks are potential users of our product offerings. 

Assisted Living/MDU/Hospitality 

Historically,  in  response  to  various  privately-owned  video  distribution  network  property  owners  seeking 
additional revenue streams and their tenants and guests demanding increased in-room technology enabled services, 
telco and cable operators serving the hospitality market  sought  to provide  more programs  (especially in  HD), and 
enhanced  interactivity.  Initially  installed  in  higher-end  properties  and  hospitality  properties,  HD  conversion  is 
continuing today to complete all properties including older Assisted Living and Nursing Homes, Hospitals, MDUs 
and also now smaller hotels and motels, all of which are being upgraded and outfitted with enhanced technology to 
provide a full suite of HD programs and video streaming services. 

5 

More recently, the competition among telco and cable providers to the Assisted Living, MDU and Hospitality 
industries has shifted from a previous emphasis on VOD, to providing an ever-increasing number of HD programs 
and the capability of offering streaming OTT television services. The Company believes that the demand for HD based 
headends that support free-to-guest service and OTT television, will continue to grow in the near term. The rate of 
growth  is  limited  by  the  costs  associated  with  replacing  all  televisions  in  a  property  with  flat  screen  Pro:Idiom 
compatible televisions, the infrastructure required to support OTT television, authentication and system management 
issues.  For  several  years,  the  Company  has  been  providing  a  unique  system  solution  to  the  largest  hotel  brands 
worldwide  through  the  Company’s  network  of  hotelier  approved  system  integrator  and  operator  customers.  The 
system consists of DOCSIS 3.0 and 3.1 compliant cable modem termination systems (“CMTS”) and cable modems 
(“CM”) and is unique in that it is the only system approved by that hotelier that is able to provide a combination of 
the following services: linear TV, OTT, DOCSIS-based ethernet, and Wi-Fi from a common mini-CATV-type HFC-
based infrastructure. 

SMB-Small and Medium Sized Businesses  

The Company defines its target SMB markets to also include educational campus environments, correctional 
facilities, sports stadiums and airport terminals. All of these seemingly unrelated facilities contain private video and 
data  distribution  networks  that  are  dependent  on  either  locally  generated  or  externally  sourced  video  and/or  data 
content.  As  the  advanced  technologies  of  distance  learning,  HDTV  and  IPTV  permeate  the  market,  institutional 
facilities are embracing these technologies to achieve site specific goals. The following are examples of the types of 
applications: 

●  Public, Educational and Government (“PEG”) Town Hall Meetings, Religious Broadcasts, Local Sports

● 

In-Office - Doctor, Dentist and Corporate Offices 

●  Campus & Stadium - Redistribution of content across large, complex properties and facilities 

●  Patient Education and Entertainment 

●  Distance Learning 

●  Employee Facing- Training and Company Messaging 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
●  Hotel Lobby Events and Advertising 

The Company traditionally benefited from a very strong share of this market with its Analog Video Headend 
and Distribution Products. We anticipate that we will continue to be a leader in this market with our digital video 
solutions and our evolving IP and IPTV platforms. 

International 

The Company has authorized distributors and sales agents in various locations outside the United States, but 
the Company primarily manufactures products  for  sale  in the  USA  and  North  America.  Historically, international 
sales have not materially contributed to the Company’s revenue base. In 2021 the Company began providing small 
quantities  of video encoder  and transcoder equipment  to  service  providers  in Mexico. This line  of business  is not 
expected to have material impact on the Company’s overall performance. 

Additional Considerations 

The evolution of technology with respect to video, internet and telephone services continues at a rapid pace. 
Cable  TV’s  QAM  video  continues  to  compete  with  DIRECTV®  and  EchoStar’s  DBS  service  and  cable  modems 
compete  with  digital  subscriber  lines  and  fiber-to-the-home  offered  by  regional  telephone  companies.  Telephone 
companies are building national fiber optic networks and are delivering video, internet and telephone services directly 
to the home over fiber optic cable, and digital telephone is being offered by cable companies and others in competition 
with traditional phone companies. The convergence of data and video communications continues, wherein computer 
and television systems merge. This merging of technologies is extending services and content delivery to mobile smart 
phone devices and tablet computers with over-the-air data delivery competing with cable-delivered services. 

6 

Larger MSOs have transitioned or are in the process of transitioning to all-digital platforms (and in most 
instances  based  upon  the  MPEG-4/H.264  codec  technology).  Satellite  DBS  television,  digitally  compressed 
programming and IP delivery require headend products, set-top decoding receivers, or digital terminal adapters, to 
convert the transmitted signals back to analog or HDMI format so that they may be viewed on television sets. The 
split of analog and digital offerings provided to customers varies as a function of the size of the operator and their 
deployment strategy. For example, the majority of private cable and other smaller service providers continue to deliver 
an  analog  television  signal  on  standard  channels  to  subscribers’  television  sets  using  headend  products  at  some 
distribution point in their networks or employ set-top boxes or digital terminal adapters at each television set. 

Key Products 

Blonder  Tongue’s  products  can  be  separated  according  to  function  and  technology.  Five  key  categories 
account for the majority of the Company’s revenue-Encoders and Transcoders, NXG, Coax Distribution, CPE and 
Digital Modulation: 

●  Encoder/Transcoder Products are used by a system operator for encoding and transcoding of digital 
video. Transcoders convert video files from one codec compression format to another to allow the video 
to be viewed across different platforms and devices. We offer a broad line of 4K/UHD, HD and SD, 
MPEG-2, MPEG-4/H.264, and HEVC/H.265 capable encoders and transcoders optimized for Telecom 
customers and environments. One example is  a line of  enhanced encoders  optimized  for the  extreme 
demands of broadcasting live sports, another is a cost-effective MPEG-2/H.264 encoder for IP support 
of PEG channels tailored to receive and groom regional content and deliver it across the open internet to 
centralized locations for ingest into OTT / CDN and other distribution systems. Yet another is a new 

   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
highly cost-effective bulk IP to IP digital video Transcoder that supports 24 channels of format and rate 
conversion in a single Rack Unit (1RU) size and corrects digital television compatibility issues. 

The QPSK and 8PSK to QAM transcoders (QTM Series) are used for economically deploying or 
adding a satellite-based tier of digital or HDTV digital programming. The units transcode a satellite signal’s 
modulation from QPSK to QAM or from 8PSK modulation format to QAM format. Since QPSK and 8PSK 
are  optimum  for  satellite  transmission  and  QAM  is  optimum  for  fiber/coax  distribution,  precious  system 
bandwidth is saved while the signal retains its digital information. 

Encoders  accept  various  input  sources  (analog  and/or  digital)  and  output  digitally  encoded  4K, 
UHD,  HD  or  SD  video  in  various  output  formats  such  as  IP,  QAM  modulated,  or  Asynchronous  Serial 
Interface (“ASI”). ASI is a streaming data format which carries the MPEG-2 Transport Stream. The IP output 
format  allows  operators  to  stream  video  over  private  data  networks  with  greater  reliability  and  content 
security. The QAM outputs can be used for digital video distribution over typical coax and HFC networks to 
serve  a  variety  of  Telecom  environments  (i.e.  CO’s,  headends,  stadiums,  broadcast  and  cable  television 
studios, hospitals, university campuses, etc.). As a complement to this encoder line, Blonder Tongue also 
provides digital QAM multiplexers which take multiple inputs (ASI or 8VSB/QAM) and delivers a single 
multiplexed  QAM  output,  thereby  optimizing  the  HD  channel  lineup  by  preserving  bandwidth.  The 
Company’s QAM output MPEG encoders support low latency and superior motion optimization for content 
such as fast-paced sporting events, which is ideal for live events within a stadium or arena. The Company’s 
new Clearview transcoder product line supports high density highly cost-effective bulk re-encoding functions 
to support a wide range of service operator use-cases such as creating digital television universal reception 
of signals, professional Dolby® audio encoding and format conversions, or conversion of broadcast to IPTV 
expected video formats. The Company’s  Encoder/Transcoder  Products  accounted for approximately 50% 
and 50% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $1,106,000 
year-over-year. 

7 

●  NXG IP Digital Video Processing and Headend Products were introduced by the Company in 2018 
and were a culmination of the Company’s product development efforts of an advanced next-generation-
enterprise series of products and solutions. 

The  NXG  is  a  powerful,  two-way,  forward-looking  digital  video  signal  processing  platform  and 
series of modular add-on products that are ideal for delivering the next generation of entertainment services 
for residential and enterprise applications, including IPTV format conversions and simulcast use cases and is 
actively deployed in education, MDU, healthcare, business parks, campuses, institutions, hospitality, cruise 
ships,  professional  sports  stadiums  and  government  facilities.  The  goals  of  the  NXG  product  line  is  to 
addresses the service provider challenges of (a) migrating from traditional CATV transmission, such as fiber 
and coaxial cable, to fully IP-based  transmission  and  delivery,  and (b)  migrating from  traditional  content 
protection,  such  as  Commscope/Arris  DigiCipher®,  Cisco  PowerKEY®,  Verimatrix®  CAS,  and  LG 
Pro:Idiom®, to IP-based digital rights management (“IP-DRM”) - content protection systems of the future, 
such as Adobe DRM®, Verimatrix-M®, Google Widevine®, PlayReady®, and Zenith/LG IP Pro:Idiom® 
technologies. In order to accomplish those goals, NXG was designed to be an anything-in to anything-out 
solution. Based on key customer guidance and the Company’s research and development effort, NXG is a 
100% fully modular, passive-back-plane-based product that enables the service providers to (a) easily and 
seamlessly  accomplish  the  migration  described  in  the  forgoing,  and  (b)  cost  effectively  and  seamlessly 
address  what  may  become  any  future,  unforeseen,  prospective  transmission,  and  content  protection 
migrations. Unlike many competing  products,  in NXG, all  “active”  electronic components  reside in  their 
respective modules. There are no active components in either the rack-chassis or backplane which brings the 
benefits of ultra-high reliability, flexibility and future adaptability to as yet unknown use-cases. In addition, 
the Company’s plan is for the functionality of all of the standalone key signal processing products described 

  
  
  
  
   
  
in  both  the  foregoing  and  following paragraphs  are  to  be, over  time,  migrated  and  subsumed  as  modular 
optional features supported by the NXG product line. In 2021 the Company released and began producing 
the  NXG  Edge  version  of  the  NXG  product  line  to  target  lower-functionality  and  lower-cost  advanced 
encryption edge QAM types of use cases. The Company’s NXG Products accounted for approximately 15% 
and 12% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $784,000 
year-over-year. 

●  Coax Distribution Products are used to transport signals from the headend to their ultimate destination 
in  a  home,  apartment  unit,  hotel  room,  office  or  other  end-point  location  along  a  coax  distribution 
network.  Among  the  products  offered  by  the  Company  in  this  category  are  broadband  amplifiers, 
directional taps, splitters and wall outlets. In cable television systems, the coax distribution products are 
either mounted on exterior utility poles or encased in pedestals, vaults or other security devices. In SMB 
systems the distribution system is typically enclosed within the walls of the building (if a single structure) 
or added to an existing structure using various techniques to hide the coax cable and devices. The non-
passive devices within this category are designed to ensure that the signal distributed from the headend 
is of sufficient strength when it arrives at its final destination to provide high quality audio/video images. 
The Company’s Coax Distribution Products accounted for approximately 8% and 8% of the Company’s 
revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $224,774 year-over-year. 

●  CPE Products are comprised mainly of Android-based IPTV set top boxes sold to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 
cable and telecommunications service providers for use in mainstream residential services to consumer 
households. The Company began selling CPE Products in 2019. The Company’s CPE Product initiative 
achieved  sales  to  over  75  different  telco,  municipal  fiber  and  cable  operators  and  accounted  for 
approximately 0% and 7% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall 
decrease of $1,092,000 year-over-year. 

●  Digital Modulation Products are used by a system operator for acquisition, processing, compression, 
and management of digital video. The headend is the center of a digital television system. It is the central 
location where multiple programs are received and, through additional processing, allocated to specific 
channels for digital distribution. Blonder Tongue continues to expand its Digital Modulation Product 
offerings to meet the evolving needs of its customers, which is expected to continue for years to come. 
IP interfaces have been added to a wide range of products to help in the migration to IPTV. One such 
example is the AQT8-B, a multichannel 8VSB/QAM-IP transmodulator that receives up to 64 programs 
of off-air broadcast signals over 8 different frequencies and transmodulates them for output on both coax 
and IP distribution networks. Other lines of digital  products  provided  by  Blonder Tongue  and Drake 
include our Edge QAM devices, Satellite Quadrature Phase Shift Key (“QPSK”) and Eight Phase Shift 
Key (“8PSK”) to QAM transmodulators. 

The Company’s Aircastertm ATSC, QAM, and IP trans-modulator series of products (“AQT8”) 
allow the user to create a customized line up from off-air and/or cable feeds for coax IP distribution. The 
customizable  IP  output  contains  multiple  programs  with  a  combination  of  single  and  multiple  transport 
streams,  from  multiple  RF  input  sources.  The  unique  MPEG-2  transport  systems  information  tables 
associated with each of the selected input programs are transferred to the IP outputs. This means the virtual 
channel numbers and program names on the IP outputs can be the same as their RF program input sources. 
The Company’s AQT8 products enable the user to modify the metadata, including PSIP parameters, such as 
the Program ID, Program #, Short Name, Major Ch., and Minor Ch. Information, to provide a customized IP 
program  delivery  solution.  The  Aircaster  AQT8  features  Emergency  Alert  System  (“EAS”)  program 
switching through either an ASI or IP format EAS input and terminal block contacts for triggering. 

8 

   
   
   
  
  
  
  
Stand-alone Edge QAM devices accept Ethernet input and capture MPEG over IP transport streams, 
decrypt service provider conditional access or content protection, and insert proprietary conditional access, 
such as Pro:Idiom, into the stream. These streams are then combined and modulated on to QAM RF carriers, 
in most cases providing multiple streams on to one 6 MHz digital channel. Inputs to Edge QAM devices can 
come from satellite receivers, set-top boxes, network devices or video servers. The use of these devices adds 
flexibility  for  the  service  provider,  in  part,  because  all  of  this  routing  happens  in  one  device.  Scaling  is 
accomplished via software and modules embedded inside the hardware. Since it is a true network device, the 
Edge QAM can be managed over a traditional Ethernet network or over the Internet. 

Digital Modulation Product use continues in all of the Company’s primary markets, bringing more 
advanced  technology  to  consumers  and  operators.  The  Company’s  Digital  Video  Headend  Products 
accounted for approximately 6% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, with an overall increase of 
$102,000 year-over-year. 

●  DOCSIS  Data  Products  give  service  providers,  integrators,  and  premise  owners  a means  to  deliver 
data,  video,  and  voice-over-coaxial  in  locations  such  as  hotels  and  hospitality,  MDU’s,  and  college 
campuses  using  IP  technology.  Among  the  products  offered  by  the  Company  are  CMTS  and  cable 
modems (“CM”). The Company’s DOCSIS Data Products accounted for approximately 13% and 5% of 
the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $1,599,000 year-
over-year. 

●  SLA  and  Services  includes  Service  Level  Agreements  (“SLA”),  installation  and  support  services, 
contracts on equipment advanced replacement, hands-on customer and end-user training, system design 
engineering,  on-site  field  support,  remote  support,  troubleshooting  and  complete  system  verification 
testing. These SLA and Services also include after hour and 24x7x365 support contracts. The Company 
began  programs  in  2020  and expanded  in  2021  to  promote  and  emphasize  the  value  of  services  and 
agreements for services offering a range of service levels tailored to various customer’s business needs. 
The Company’s SLA and Services products accounted for approximately 2% and 3% of the Company’s 
revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall decrease of $90,000 year-over-year. 

●  Other Products. There are a variety of other products that the Company sells to a lesser degree, either 
to fill a customer need or where sales have reduced due to changes in Company direction, technology, 
or  market  influences.  Sales  of  products  in  these  categories  contributed  less  significantly  to  the 
Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021 and are expected to remain this way for 2023. These products 
include: 

Analog Modulation Products are used by a system operator for signal acquisition, processing and 
manipulation  to  create  an  analog  channel  lineup  for  further  transmission.  Among  the  products 
offered by the Company in this category are prefabricated headends to accommodate legacy analog 
TV systems, modulators, demodulators, and processors. 

Fiber Products  are used to transport  signals from  the headend  to  their  ultimate  destination  in  a 
home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other terminal location along a fiber optic distribution 
network. Among the products offered by the Company in this category are fiber optic transmitters, 
receivers (nodes), and couplers. 

Test & Measurement instruments, for measuring both digital and analog CATV and Broadcast 
TV signals, as well as capture, analyze and/ or generate MPEG ASI transport streams. 

Contract  Manufacturing  Services,  providing  manufacturing,  research  and  development  and 
product support services for other companies’ products. 

Miscellaneous  products  and  services,  filling  customers’  needs  for  receiving  off-air  broadcast 
television and satellite transmissions prior to headend processing, satellite distribution, repair, and 
parts. 

  
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
The  Company  will  modify  its  products  to  meet  specific  customer  requirements.  Typically,  these 
modifications are minor and do not materially alter either the product functionality or the ability to sell such altered 
products to other customers. 

Research and Product Development 

The  markets  served  by  Blonder  Tongue  are  characterized  by  technological  change,  new  product 
introductions, and evolving industry standards. To compete effectively in this environment, the Company must engage 
in ongoing research and development in order to (i) create new products, (ii) expand features of existing products to 
accommodate  customer  demand  for  greater  capability,  (iii)  license  new  technologies,  (iv)  acquire  products 
incorporating  technology  that  could  not  otherwise  be  developed  quickly  enough  using  internal  resources  and  (v) 
acquire complementary products incorporating technology from third parties allowing internal resources to focus on 
higher-value  strategic  areas  of  research  and  development.  Research  and  development  projects  are  often  initially 
undertaken at the request of or in an effort to address the particular needs of the Company’s customers and customer 
prospects, with the expectation or promise of substantial future orders. Projects may also result from new technologies 
that become available, or new market applications of existing technology. In the new product development process, 
the vast experience of the Company’s engineering group is leveraged to ensure the highest level of suitability and 
widest acceptance in the marketplace. Products tend to  be  developed  in a  functional  building block  approach  that 
allows for different combinations of blocks to generate new relevant products. Additional research and development 
efforts are also continuously underway for the purpose of enhancing product quality and lowering production costs. 
This building block philosophy of research and development  was  expanded on  in  the fourth quarter  of 2018 with 
several new hardware designs each yielding a wide range of product derivative models based on a single common 
design, yielding the Company improved engineering cost efficiencies. For the acquisition of new technologies, the 
Company may rely upon technology licenses from third parties or customized derivative product development. The 
Company will also license technology if it can obtain technology more quickly, or more cost-effectively from third 
parties than it could otherwise develop on its own, or if the desired technology is proprietary to a third party. There 
were 10 employees involved in the technical product definition, technology systems architecture and research and 
development  departments  of  the  Company  at  December  31,  2022,  distributed  among  the  Company’s  operating 
locations. 

9 

Marketing and Sales  

Blonder Tongue markets and sells its products for use in a wide range of IPTV and other Telecom and SMB 
markets, including with municipal fiber optic operators, traditional cable television, telco, MDU, lodging/hospitality, 
and  institutional  settings  (schools,  hospitals  and  prisons). The  Company  also  sells  into a  multitude  of  niche  SMB 
markets such as sports arenas and the cruise ship industry. Sales are made directly to customers by the Company’s 
internal sales force, as well as through  Blonder Tongue Premier Distributors. The Company  instituted  its  Premier 
Distributor Program in 2007, through which a limited group of larger distributors who stock a significant amount of 
the Company’s products in their inventory are given access to a special purchase incentive program allowing them to 
achieve volume price concessions  measured  on a year-to-year basis.  Sales  to  the  Company’s Premier Distributors 
accounted  for  approximately  25%  and  27%  of  the  Company’s  revenues  for  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  These 
Premier Distributors serve multiple markets. Direct sales to telco operators, municipal fiber operators, cable operators 
and system integrators accounted for approximately 31% and 39% of the Company’s revenues for 2022 and 2021, 
respectively. 

The  Company’s  sales  and  marketing  function  is  performed  by  its  internal  sales  and  marketing  associates 
working  in  partnership  and  conjunction  its  Premier  Distributors,  as  well  as  its  smaller  company  integrator  and 
distributor network. Should it be deemed necessary,  the Company may retain independent sales representatives  in 
particular  geographic  areas  or  targeted  to  specific  customer  prospects  or  target  market  opportunities.  Sales  and 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
marketing made up 19% of the Company’s overall workforce at December 31, 2022, divided into central and regional 
coverage in Old Bridge, New Jersey, in Ohio and Florida, as well as Pennsylvania, the Chicago and Atlanta areas. 

The Company’s standard customer payment terms are net 30 days. From time to time, when circumstances 
warrant, such as a commitment to a large blanket purchase order, the Company will selectively extend payment terms 
beyond its standard payment terms to 60 days. 

The Company has several marketing programs to support the sale and distribution of its products. Blonder 
Tongue participates in industry trade shows and conferences and also maintains a robust website and direct on-line 
sales portal. The Company publishes technical articles in trade and technical journals, distributes sales and product 
literature  and  has  an  active  public  relations  plan  to  ensure  complete  coverage  of  Blonder  Tongue’s  products  and 
technology by editors of trade journals. The Company provides system design engineering services for its customers, 
maintains extensive ongoing communications with many original equipment manufacturer customers and provides 
one-on-one demonstrations and technical seminars to potential new customers. Blonder Tongue supplies sales and 
applications support, product literature and training to its sales representatives and distributors. Before the COVID 
pandemic began in March of 2020, the management and sales staff of the Company traveled extensively, identifying 
customer needs and meeting existing and potential customers. The Company anticipates resuming these activities at 
pre-pandemic levels as U.S. CDC guidelines allow. 

Customers  

Blonder Tongue has a diverse customer base, which in 2022 consisted of approximately 70 active accounts. 
Approximately 38% and 47% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, were derived from sales of 
products to the Company’s three largest customers. North American Cable, Stellar Private Cable and World Cinema 
accounted for approximately 14%, 13% and 11%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues in 2022, and Stellar Private 
Cable, Advanced Media Technologies and North American Cable Equipment accounted for approximately 20%, 14% 
and  13%,  respectively,  of  the  Company’s  revenues  in  2021.  None  of  these  customers  are  obligated  to purchase  a 
material amount of products or to provide the Company with a material level of binding forecasts of product purchases 
for any future period. There can be no assurance that sales to these entities, individually or as a group, will reach or 
exceed historical levels in any future period; however, the Company currently anticipates that the three customers 
mentioned above will continue to account for a significant portion of the Company’s revenues in future periods. See 
disclosure below in “Risk Factors - Any substantial decrease in sales to our largest customers may adversely affect 
our results of operations or financial condition” for further details. 

10 

Since  2010,  the  Company  has  held  multi-year  contracts  with  key  distributors  in  its  Premier  Distributor 
Program. Many of the Company’s smaller business customers, with whom the Company had formerly dealt on a direct 
basis, now purchase the Company’s products from our Premier Distributors. 

In the Company’s direct sales to system integrators, the complement of our significant customers tends to 
vary over time as the most efficient and better financed integrators grow more rapidly than others. Any substantial 
decrease or delay in sales to one or more of the Company’s significant customers, the financial failure of any of these 
entities, or the Company’s inability to develop and maintain solid relationships with the integrators that may replace 
the present significant customers, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and 
financial condition. 

The Company’s revenues are derived primarily from customers in the continental United States; however, 
the Company also derives some revenues from customers in other geographical markets, primarily Canada and to a 
more  limited  extent,  in  developing  countries.  Sales  to  customers  outside  of  the  United  States  represented 
approximately  1%  and  4%  of  the  Company’s  revenues  in  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  All  of  the  Company’s 
transactions with customers located outside of the United States have historically been denominated in U.S. dollars. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
As  such,  the  Company  has  had  no  foreign  currency  transactions  from  which  it  derives  revenues.  Transactions 
denominated in foreign currencies have certain inherent risks associated with them due to currency fluctuations. See 
“Risk Factors” below for more detail on the risks associated with foreign currency transactions. 

Manufacturing and Suppliers 

Blonder Tongue’s primary manufacturing operations  are presently  located at  the Old Bridge, New  Jersey 
Facility, which also serves as the Company’s headquarters. The Company has developed, implemented and maintains 
a  Quality  Management  System,  that  has  been  certified  as  conforming  to  all  requirements  of  the  ISO  9001:2015 
international  standard.  The  Company  recently  completed  an  audit  and  renewed  its  ISO  9001:2015  certification  in 
December  2021.  The  Company’s  manufacturing  operations  are  vertically  integrated  and  consist  principally  of  the 
programming, assembly, and testing of electronic assemblies built from fabricated parts, printed circuit boards and 
electronic devices and the fabrication from raw sheet metal, of chassis and cabinets for such assemblies. Management 
continues to implement improvements to the manufacturing process to increase production volume and reduce product 
cost,  including  logistics  modifications  on  the  factory  floor  to  accommodate  increasingly  fine  pitch  surface  mount 
electronic components. The Company is capable of manufacturing assemblies of 16-layer printed circuit boards with 
thousands  of  components,  including  placement  of  0.030x0.030mil  ball  grid  arrays  and  0201  packaged  sized 
components,  utilizing  its  advanced  state-of-the-art  automatic  placement  equipment  as  well  as  automated  optical 
inspection  and  testing  systems.  Investments  by  the  Company  in  these  advanced  manufacturing  technologies  is 
consistent  with  and  part  of  the  Company’s  strategy  to  provide  its  customers  with  high  performance-to-cost  ratio 
products. The Company also maintains engineering and technical support staff in Ohio, Ft. Wayne, Indiana, Florida 
and in the Atlanta, GA area. 

Since 2007, the Company has been manufacturing certain high volume, labor intensive products, including 
a portion of the Company’s analog products overseas in the PRC, and since 2019 in Korea and Taiwan. A key contract 
manufacturer in the PRC produces a portion of these products (all of which are proprietary Blonder Tongue designs) 
as may be requested by the Company from  time  to  time (in  the  Company’s discretion) through  the  submission of 
purchase orders, the terms of which are governed by a manufacturing agreement. Although the Company does not 
currently anticipate the transfer of any additional products to overseas companies for manufacture, the Company may 
do so if business and market conditions make it advantageous to do so. In connection with the Company’s initiatives 
in Korea, Taiwan and the PRC, the Company may have limited foreign currency transactions and may be subject to 
limited various currency exchange control programs related to its overseas operations. 

Outside contractors supply standard components, printed circuit boards and electronic subassemblies to the 
Company’s specifications. The Company purchases electronic parts that it classifies into three groups: (i) products 
which do not have a unique source, (ii) products that have a limited number of suppliers and (iii) products which have 
a sole source. Products which do not have a unique source are generally available with limited supply disruptions. 
Products  that  are  available from  a  limited  number of  suppliers  may  be  subject  to  temporary  shortages  because  of 
general economic conditions and the demand and supply for such component parts. Products which have a sole source 
are subject to longer term shortages and in some cases not available at all in the short term, with certain deliveries not 
expected  until  2023.  If  the  Company  were  to  experience  a  temporary  shortage  of  any  given  electronic  part,  the 
Company believes that alternative parts could be obtained, or system design changes implemented. There can be no 
assurances that obtaining alternative parts or system design changes can be done successfully or on a cost-effective 
basis. An inability to timely obtain sufficient quantities of certain of these components could have a material adverse 
effect on the Company’s operating results. The Company does not have an agreement with any sole source supplier 
requiring the supplier to sell a specified volume of components to the Company. See “Risk Factors” below for more 
detail on the risk associated with sole supplier products. 

11 

Blonder  Tongue  maintains  a  quality  assurance  program  which  monitors  and  controls  manufacturing 
processes, and extensively tests samples throughout the process. Samples of component parts purchased are tested, as 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
well as its finished products, on an ongoing basis. The Company also tests component and sub-assemblies throughout 
the  manufacturing  process  using  commercially  available  and  in-house  built  testing  systems  that  incorporate 
proprietary procedures. The highest level of quality assurance is maintained throughout all aspects of the design and 
manufacturing process. The extensive in-house calibration program assures test equipment integrity, correlation and 
calibration. This program ensures that all test and measurement equipment that is used in the manufacturing process 
is calibrated to the same in-house reference standard on a consistent basis. When all test and measurement devices are 
calibrated in this manner, discrepancies are eliminated between the engineering, manufacturing and quality control 
departments,  thus  increasing  operational  efficiency  and  ensuring  a  high  level  of  product  quality.  Blonder  Tongue 
performs  final  product  tests  prior  to  shipment  to  customers.  In  2008,  the  Company  was  certified  to  perform 
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) witness testing of products to UL International Standard 60950. 

Competition 

All aspects of the Company’s business are highly competitive. The Company competes with international, 
national, regional and local manufacturers and distributors, including companies larger than Blonder Tongue that have 
substantially greater resources. A small subset of manufacturers who are suppliers to the Company sell directly as 
well as through distributors into the franchise and private cable marketplaces. Because of the convergence of the cable, 
telecommunications  and  computer  industries  and  rapid  technological developments,  new  competitors  may  seek  to 
enter the principal markets served by the Company. Many of these potential competitors have significantly greater 
financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and other resources than Blonder Tongue. The Company expects 
that direct and indirect competition may increase in the future. Additional competition could result in price reductions, 
loss of market share and delays in the timing of customer orders. The principal methods of competition are product 
differentiation, product reputation, performance, quality, price, terms, service, technical support and administrative 
support. The Company is a major competitor in many of the markets that it serves and differentiates itself from other 
companies by consistently offering innovative products, providing excellent technical service support and delivering 
extremely high reliability products and high performance-to-cost ratio (high value) products. 

Intellectual Property 

The Company currently holds several United States and foreign patents, including certain technologies within 
the NXG platform and certain technologies within its DOCSIS data products. No other patents are considered material 
to the Company’s present operations, since they do not relate to high volume applications. Because of the rapidly 
evolving nature of the telecommunications and cable television industry, the Company believes that its market position 
as a technology supplier derives primarily from its ability to timely develop a consistent stream of new products that 
are designed to meet its customers’ needs and that have a high performance-to-cost ratio. 

The  Company  owns  a  United  States  trademark  registration  for  the  word  mark  “Blonder  Tongue®”  and 
“Aircaster®”  and  also  on  a  “BT®”  logo.  Drake  owns  a  United  States  trademark  registration  for  the  word  mark 
“DRAKE®”. 

Since 2008, the Company has obtained and renewed licenses for a variety of technologies in concert with its 
digital encoder line of products. The licenses are from a number of companies including from Zenith, a subsidiary of 
LG Electronics (expires December 2023). These standard licenses are all non-exclusive and many require payment of 
royalties based upon the unit sales of the licensed products. With regard to the licenses expiring in 2023, the Company 
expects  to  renew  these  standard  licenses  on  similar  terms  to  those  presently  in  force.  For  additional  information 
regarding these licenses, see “Introduction” starting on page 1. 

The  Company  relies  on  a  combination  of  patents,  contractual  rights  and  trade  secret  laws  to  protect  its 
proprietary  technologies  and  know-how.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company  will  be  able  to  protect  its 
technologies  and  know-how  or  that  third  parties  will  not  be  able  to  develop  similar  technologies  and  know-how 
independently. Therefore, existing and potential competitors may be able to develop products that are competitive 
with the Company’s products and such competition could adversely affect the prices for the Company’s products or 
the Company’s market share. The Company also believes that factors such as the technological and creative skills of 
its  personnel,  new  product  developments,  frequent  product  enhancements,  name  recognition  and  reliable  product 
maintenance  are  essential  to  establishing  and  maintaining  its  competitive  position.  The  industries  in  which  the 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Company competes are subject to constant development of new technologies and evolution of existing technologies, 
many of which are the subject of existing third-party patents and new patents are issued frequently. 

12 

Regulation 

Private  cable,  while  in  some  cases  subject  to  certain  Federal  Communications  Commission  (“FCC”) 
licensing requirements, is not presently burdened with extensive government regulations. The Telecommunications 
Act of 1996 deregulated many aspects of franchise cable system operation and opened the door to competition among 
cable operators and telephone companies in each of their respective industries. 

Environmental Regulations 

The  Company  is  subject  to  a  variety  of  Federal,  State  and  local  governmental  regulations  related  to  the 
storage,  use,  discharge  and  disposal  of  toxic,  volatile  or  otherwise  hazardous  chemicals  if  and  when  used  in  its 
manufacturing  processes.  The  Company  did not  incur  in  2022  and  does  not  anticipate  incurring  in  2023,  material 
capital expenditures for compliance with Federal, State and local environmental laws and regulations. There can be 
no assurance, however, that changes in environmental  regulations will not result in the  need  for additional capital 
expenditures  or  otherwise  impose  additional  financial  burdens  on  the  Company.  Further,  such  regulations  could 
restrict the Company’s ability to expand its operations. Any failure by the Company to obtain required permits for, 
control the use of, or adequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances under present or future regulations 
could subject the Company to substantial liability or could cause its manufacturing operations to be suspended. 

The  Company  has  authorization  to  discharge  wastewater  under  the  New  Jersey  Pollution  Discharge 
Elimination System/Discharge to Surface Waters General Industrial Stormwater Permit, Permit No. NJ0088315. This 
permit will expire June 30, 2023 and is automatically renewed upon payment of the annual fee. The Company intends 
to renew this permit. 

Employees 

As of February 28, 2023, the Company employed approximately 67 people, including 36 in manufacturing, 
8 in research and development, 3 in quality assurance, 13 in sales and marketing, and 7 in a general and administrative 
capacity. Substantially all of these employees are full-time employees. 19 of the Company’s employees are members 
of  the  International  Brotherhood  of  Electrical  Workers  Union,  Local  2066,  which  has  a  labor  agreement  with  the 
Company that is scheduled to expire in February 2027. 

ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS 

The Company’s business operates in a rapidly changing technology and economic environment that involves 
numerous risks, some of which are beyond the Company’s control. The following “Risk Factors” highlight some of 
these risks. Additional risks not currently known to the Company or that the Company now deems immaterial may 
also affect the Company and the value of its common stock. The risks described below, together with all of the other 
information  included  in  this  report,  should  be  carefully  considered  in  evaluating  our  business  and  prospects.  The 
occurrence  of  any  of  the  following  risks  could  harm  the  Company’s  business,  financial  condition  or  results  of 
operations. 

Commercial Risks 

Any substantial decrease in sales to our largest customers may adversely affect our results of operations or 
financial condition. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Approximately 56% and 58% of our revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, were derived from sales of 
products  to  the  Company’s  five  largest  customers.  None  of  these  customers  are  obligated  to  purchase  a  material 
amount of products or to provide the Company with a material level of binding forecasts of product purchases for any 
future period. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that sales to these entities, individually or as a group, will reach 
or  exceed  historical  levels  in  any  future  period.  In  addition,  while  the  COVID-19  outbreak  has  affected  and  is 
continuing to affect the operations of our suppliers, and of our customers and our sales to them, uncertainty as to the 
effects on the economy generally and our semiconductor suppliers and customers in particular makes it impossible for 
us to predict the short term and long term effects the COVID-19 outbreak and related developments will have on our 
customers and their ongoing businesses and how those effects may impact our sales to them. 

13 

With respect to our direct sales to system integrators, the complement of our significant customers tends to 
vary over time as the most efficient and better-financed integrators tend to grow more rapidly than others. Our success 
with those customers will depend in part on: 

● 

the viability of those customers; 

●  our ability to identify those customers with the greatest growth and growth prospects; and 

●  our  ability  to  maintain  our  position  in  the  overall  marketplace  by  shifting  our  emphasis  to  such 

customers. 

In  addition,  three  of  our  customers  accounted  for  approximately  57% and  62%  of  our  outstanding  trade 
accounts receivable at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Any substantial decrease or delay in sales to one 
or more of our significant customers, the financial failure of any of these entities, their inability to pay their trade 
accounts owing to us in a timely manner or at all, or our inability to develop solid relationships with integrators that 
may replace the present significant customers, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and 
financial  condition.  If  the  negative  effects  of  the  COVID-19  outbreak  and  related  developments  lead  to  financial 
difficulties or even the failure of one or more of our significant customers, or a combination of our smaller customers, 
our ability to collect payment in full and on a timely basis, or at all, may be adversely affected, and our working capital 
resources may be significantly diminished. 

An inability to develop, or acquire the rights to technology, products or applications in response to changes in 
industry standards or customer needs may reduce our sales and profitability. 

Both the private cable and franchised cable industries are characterized by the continuing advancement of 
technology,  evolving  industry  standards  and  changing  customer  needs.  To  be  successful,  we  must  anticipate  the 
evolution of industry standards and changes in customer needs, through the timely development and introduction of 
new  products,  enhancement  of  existing  products  and  licensing  of  new  technology  from  third  parties.  This  is 
particularly true at this time as the Company must develop and market new digital products to offset the continuing 
decline in demand for, and therefore sales of, analog products. Although we depend primarily on our own research 
and  development  efforts  to  develop  new  products  and  enhancements  to  our  existing  products,  we  have  and  may 
continue to seek licenses for new technology from third parties when we believe that we can obtain such technology 
more quickly and/or cost-effectively from such third parties than we could otherwise develop on our own, or when 
the  desired  technology has  already been  patented by  a  third  party.  There  can,  however, be  no  assurance  that  new 
technology or such licenses will be available on terms acceptable to us. There can be no assurance that: 

●  we  will  be  able  to  anticipate  the  evolution  of  industry  standards  in  the  telecommunications,  cable 

television or the communications industry generally; 

●  we will be able to anticipate changes in the market and customer needs; 

  
  
  
   
   
   
  
  
  
   
   
● 

technologies and applications under development by us will be successfully developed; or 

● 

successfully developed technologies and applications will achieve market acceptance. 

If we are unable for technological or other reasons to develop and introduce products and applications or to 
obtain licenses for new technologies from third parties in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions 
or customer requirements, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. 

Anticipated increases in direct and indirect competition with us may have an adverse effect on our results of 
operations and financial condition. 

All aspects of our business are highly competitive. We compete with international, national, regional and 
local manufacturers and distributors, including companies larger than us, which have substantially greater resources. 
Various manufacturers who are suppliers to us sell directly as well as through distributors into the cable television 
marketplace.  Because  of  the  convergence  of  the  cable,  telecommunications  and  computer  industries  and  rapid 
technological development, new competitors may seek to enter the principal markets served by us. Many of these 
potential  competitors  have  significantly  greater  financial,  technical,  manufacturing,  marketing,  sales  and  other 
resources  than  we  have.  We  expect  that  direct  and  indirect  competition  will  increase  in  the  future.  Additional 
competition could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition through: 

●  price reductions; 

● 

loss of market share; 

14 

●  delays in the timing of customer orders; and 

● 

an inability to increase our penetration into the cable television market. 

Our  sales  and  profitability  may  suffer  due  to  any  substantial  decrease  or  delay  in  capital  spending  by  the 
telecommunications and cable infrastructure operators that we serve, as well as in the MDU, assisted living, 
lodging and institutional cable or telecommunications markets. 

The vast majority of our revenues in 2022 and 2021 came from sales of our products for use by fiber, telco 
and cable infrastructure operators. Demand for our products depends to a large extent upon capital spending by telcos, 
cable operators and other entities on private cable systems and specifically by private cable operators for constructing, 
rebuilding, maintaining or upgrading their systems. Capital spending by private cable operators and, therefore, our 
sales and profitability, are dependent on a variety of factors, including: 

● 

access by private cable operators to financing for capital expenditures; 

●  demand for their cable services; 

● 

availability of alternative video delivery technologies; and 

●  general economic conditions. 

In addition, our sales and profitability may in the future be more dependent on capital spending by traditional 
franchise cable system operators as well as by new entrants to this market planning to over-build existing cable system 
infrastructures, or constructing, rebuilding, maintaining and upgrading their systems. There can be no assurance that 

   
   
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
   
   
   
  
system  operators  in  private  cable  or  franchise  cable  will  continue  capital  spending  for  constructing,  rebuilding, 
maintaining, or upgrading their systems. Any substantial decrease or delay in capital spending by private cable or 
franchise cable operators would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. 

Competitors  may  develop  products  that  are  similar  to,  and  compete  with,  our  products  due  to  our  limited 
proprietary protection. 

We  possess  limited  patent  or  registered  intellectual  property  rights  with  respect  to  the  majority  of  our 
technology. We rely on a combination of patents, contractual rights and trade secret laws to protect our proprietary 
technology and know-how. There can be no assurance that we will be able to protect our technology and know-how 
or that third parties will not be able to develop similar technology independently. Therefore, existing and potential 
competitors  may  be  able  to  develop  similar  products  which  compete  with  our  products.  Such  competition  could 
adversely affect the prices for our products or our market share and could have a material adverse effect upon our 
results of operations and financial condition. 

Patent  infringement  claims  against  us  or  our  customers,  whether  or  not  successful,  may  cause  us  to  incur 
significant costs. 

While we do not believe that our products (including products and technologies licensed from others) infringe 
valid intellectual property rights of any third parties, there can be no assurance that infringement or invalidity claims 
(or claims for indemnification resulting from infringement claims) will not be asserted against us or our customers. 
Damages for infringement of valid intellectual property rights of third parties could be substantial, and if determined 
to  be  willful,  can  be  trebled.  Such  an  outcome  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  financial 
condition and results of operation. Regardless of the validity or the successful assertion of any such claims, we could 
incur significant costs and diversion of resources with respect to  the  defense  thereof which  could  have  a material 
adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. If we are unsuccessful in defending any claims or 
actions that are asserted against us or our customers, we could seek to obtain a license under a third party’s intellectual 
property rights. There can  be no  assurance,  however,  that  under  such circumstances,  a  license  would  be  available 
under  reasonable  terms  or  at  all.  The  failure  to  obtain  a  license  to  a  third  party’s  intellectual  property  rights  on 
commercially  reasonable  terms  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations  and  financial 
condition. 

15 

Financial Risks 

Our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 included herein contain a 
“going concern” explanatory paragraph, expressing substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going 
concern. 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we experienced a decline in net sales, a loss from operations and 
a significant amount of cash used in operating activities, which was funded in large part from the proceeds we received 
from sales of our common stock and the proceeds from the Subordinated Loan Facility. Our ability to continue as a 
going  concern  is  dependent  upon  our  becoming  profitable  in  the  future  and  having  access  to  sufficient  capital  to 
execute our business plan and to meet our payment obligations on our debt financing arrangements and other financial 
obligations  when  they  become  due.  We  recently  have  been  successful  in  obtaining  additional  capital  through  our 
Subordinated Loan Facility and the issuance of shares of our common stock. Although we believe that improvements 
in our sales and efforts to reduce expenses will increase the possibility that we will become profitable, and we have 
recently obtained the additional Subordinated Loan Facility and equity financing, we cannot provide any assurances 
that  we  will  be  successful  in  improving  our  performance,  that  the  additional  financing  obtained  to  date  will  be 
sufficient, or that we will be successful in securing additional financing on reasonable terms, or at all. These factors, 
and  possibly  others,  raise  substantial  doubt  regarding  our  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Our  audited 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result if we are unable to continue as a 
going concern. As a result, you should not rely on our consolidated balance sheet as an indication of the amount of 
proceeds  that  would  be  available  to  satisfy  claims  of  creditors  and  potentially  be  available  for  distribution  to 
stockholders in the event of liquidation. 

The terms of our credit facility with MidCap Business Credit may restrict our current and future operating 
and financial flexibility and could adversely affect our financial and operational results. 

On  October  25,  2019,  the  Company,  entered  into  a  new  credit  facility  with  MidCap  Business  Credit 
(“MidCap”), which was amended on April 7, 2020, January 8, 2021, June 14, 2021, July 30, 2021, August 26, 2021, 
December 16, 2021, February 11, 2022, March 3, 2022, April 5, 2022, May 5, 2022, June 14, 2022, July 1, 2022, 
October 25, 2022, and October 28, 2022. The Loan and Security Agreement between the Company and MidCap, as 
amended (the “MidCap Agreement”) includes a number of non-financial covenants that, among other things, may 
restrict our ability to: 

● 

engage in mergers, consolidations, asset dispositions or similar fundamental changes; 

● 

redeem or repurchase shares of Company stock; 

● 

create, incur, assume or guarantee additional indebtedness; 

● 

create, incur or permit liens on our assets; 

●  make loans or investments; 

●  pay cash dividends or make similar distributions; and 

● 

change the nature of our business. 

These restrictions in the MidCap Agreement may limit our ability to engage in certain transactions that could 
be  beneficial  to  us  and  our  stockholders.  In  the  event  of  a default,  MidCap  could  elect  to  declare  all borrowings, 
accrued and unpaid interest and other fees outstanding, due and payable and require us to use available cash to repay 
these borrowings, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. If MidCap 
terminates the MidCap Agreement or further limits our ability to borrow under the MidCap Agreement as a result of 
any failures to comply with any covenants, we would seek new debt financing arrangements. We cannot assure you 
that  new  debt  financing  will  be  available  to  us  on  acceptable  terms  or  at  all.  In  addition,  new  debt  financing,  if 
available, could impose payment obligations, covenants and operating restrictions that are more onerous than under 
the MidCap Agreement, which could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. 

Rising interest rates can be a risk factor. 

Borrowings under our MidCap line of credit are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. 
If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness will increase even though the 
amount borrowed remains the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our 
indebtedness, would correspondingly decrease. 

We may face risks relating to currency fluctuations and currency exchange.  

Historically the Company has had limited exposure to currency fluctuations since transactions with customers 
located outside the United States have generally been denominated in U.S. Dollars. In addition, the Company incurs 
certain  expenses  denominated  in  RMB  in  connection  with  its  contract  manufacturing  activities  in  the  PRC.  The 
Company’s functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. Accordingly, any expense denominated in Canadian Dollars or 
RMB needs to be translated into U.S. Dollars at the applicable currency exchange rate for inclusion in our consolidated 
financial statements. Exchange rates between the RMB and U.S. Dollar in recent years have fluctuated significantly 
and may do so in the future. We do not engage in currency hedging activities to limit the risks of currency fluctuations. 
Currency fluctuations could adversely impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial position. 

  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
16 

Increased tariffs or other trade actions could adversely affect our business. 

There is currently significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and China 
with respect to trade policies and tariffs. We source a variety of finished products and component parts from China. 
Although  we  currently  believe  that  most  of  those  products  are  not  subject  to  tariffs,  we  cannot  assure  you  that 
governmental authorities will agree with that position or that future actions may not be taken by the United States or 
China to impose tariffs on those products and components or otherwise affect our ability to source those products and 
components,  which  could have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  future  operations.  In  addition,  certain  of  the  products  we 
obtain from China are currently subject to tariffs. Although we do not expect that the currently-applicable tariffs will 
have an adverse effect on our results of operations, we have raised prices on certain products to attempt to offset the 
effect of those tariffs, and we are also considering alternative sources of supply from manufacturers in other countries 
and moving certain manufacturing activities to our Old Bridge New Jersey Facility as additional ways to mitigate the 
effect of those tariffs. If our expectations regarding the effect of the currently applicable tariffs prove to be incorrect 
and  we  are  unable  to  offset  or  mitigate  the  effects  of  those  tariffs,  our  future  operating  results  may  be  adversely 
affected. 

Operational Risks 

Our financial condition and results of operations have been and may continue to be adversely affected by health 
events such as the recent Coronavirus or COVID-19 outbreak. 

Our business has been materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of the Coronavirus or COVID-19 
and may in the future be materially and adversely affected by other epidemics and pandemic outbreaks. COVID-19, 
which  has  been  declared  by  the  World  Health  Organization  to  be  a  “pandemic,”  has  spread  to  many  countries, 
including the United States, and has impacted and continues to impact domestic and worldwide economic activity. A 
public  health  epidemic  or  pandemic,  including  COVID-19,  poses  the  risk  that  the  Company  or  its  employees, 
customers, suppliers and other business partners may be prevented from conducting business activities for an indefinite 
period of time, including due to shutdowns that may be requested or mandated by governmental authorities. Since 
being declared a “pandemic”, COVID-19 has interfered with our ability to meet with certain customers, has impacted 
and  may  continue  to  impact many  of  our  customers  and  has  disrupted  and  may  continue  to  disrupt  global  supply 
chains. There are developments regarding the COVID-19 outbreak on a daily basis that may impact our customers, 
employees and business partners. As a result, it is not possible at this time to estimate the duration or the scope of the 
impact COVID-19 could have on the Company’s business. However, the continued spread of COVID-19 and actions 
taken  by  our  customers,  suppliers  and  business  partners,  actions  we  take  to  protect  the  health  and  welfare  of  our 
employees,  and  measures  taken  by  governmental  authorities  in  response  to  COVID-19  could  disrupt  our 
manufacturing activities, the shipment of our products, the supply chain and purchasing decisions of our customers. 
The  Company  experienced  a  significant  reduction  in  sales  as  a  result  of  the  decreased  business  activities  of  our 
customers related to the COVID-19 outbreak, and although we have experienced some increases in customer orders 
of our products, it remains unclear when or whether our customers will resume their activities at a level where our 
sales to them will return to historical levels. In addition, disruption of the global supply chain has had and continues 
to have an adverse impact on our ability to meet the demands or our customers, and it is unclear when these supply 
chains issues will be resolved. These uncertainties may have a material adverse impact on our business. 

An inability to reduce expenses or increase revenues may cause continued net losses. 

We have had losses each year since 2010, with net loss of $2,920,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. 
While management believes its ongoing efforts to increase revenues should, and its ongoing efforts and demonstrated 
progress in reducing expenses may create future profitability,  there  can be no assurance that  these actions will  be 
successful. Failure to increase revenues or ability to maintain or reduce expense levels could have a material adverse 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
effect on our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, in order to address issues relating to our reduced 
sales  and  recent  impacts  in  the  predictability  of  global  semiconductor  supply  chain  as  a  result  of  the  COVID-19 
pandemic,  we  have  implemented  operating  expense  cost  reductions  and  may  need  to  implement  additional  cost 
reductions in the near term. If necessary additional reductions cannot be implemented in a timely manner or prove to 
be insufficient in offsetting or significantly mitigating reduced revenues, our ability to continue to operate as a going 
concern may be materially adversely affected. 

Inventory  reserves  for  excess  or  obsolete  inventories  may  adversely  affect  our  results  of  operations  and 
financial condition. 

We continually analyze our excess or obsolete inventories. Based on historical and projected sales volumes 
and  anticipated  selling  prices,  we  establish  reserves.  If  we  do  not  meet  our  sales  expectations,  these  reserves  are 
increased. Products that are determined to be obsolete are written down to net realizable value. Although we believe 
reserves are adequate and inventories are reflected at net realizable value, there can be no assurance that we will not 
have to record additional inventory reserves in the future. Significant increases to inventory reserves could have a 
material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. 

17 

Any  significant  casualty  to  our  facility  in  Old  Bridge,  New  Jersey  may  cause  a  lengthy  interruption  to  our 
business operations.  

We  primarily  operate  out  of  one  manufacturing  facility  in  Old  Bridge,  New  Jersey  (the  “Old  Bridge 
Facility”). While we maintain a limited amount of business interruption insurance, a casualty that results in a lengthy 
interruption of our ability to manufacture at, or otherwise use, the Old Bridge Facility could have a material adverse 
effect on our results of operations and financial condition. 

Our dependence on certain third-party suppliers could create an inability for us to obtain component products 
not otherwise available or to do so only at increased prices. 

We purchase several products from sole suppliers for which alternative sources are not available. Our results 

of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by: 

● 

an inability to obtain sufficient quantities of these components; 

● 

an inability to obtain sufficient quantities of these components within specific timeframes; 

●  our receipt of a significant number of defective components; 

● 

an increase in component prices; or 

●  our inability to obtain lower component prices in response to competitive pressures on the pricing of our 

products. 

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the supply chain for many types of products and materials, 
particularly those being manufactured in China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, and other countries where the 
outbreak has resulted in significant disruptions to ongoing business activities. Beginning in the second quarter of 2021 
and continuing into the first quarter of 2023, the Company has experienced material disruption in our supply chain as 
it relates to the procurement of certain sole source and other multiple source components utilized in a material portion 
of a number of the Company’s product lines. We believe this disruption may continue beyond 2023. If these or any 
similar types of supply disruptions continue, it is possible that we will be unable to complete sales of any affected 
products to our customers on requested schedules. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
  
Our manufacturing activities in the PRC, South Korea and Taiwan may subject us to the risks of unfavorable 
political, regulatory, legal and other developments in those countries. 

Some  of  our  products  are  manufactured  and  assembled  in  the  PRC,  South  Korea  and  Taiwan  under 
contractual and purchasing arrangements with businesses in those countries. Our future operations and earnings may 
be adversely affected by the risks related to, or any other problems arising from, having our products manufactured 
and assembled in these countries: 

●  political, economic and labor instability; 

● 

changes  in  foreign  or  United  States  government  laws  and  regulations,  including  exchange  control 
regulations; 

● 

infringement of our intellectual property rights; and 

●  difficulties in managing foreign manufacturing operations. 

In addition, because the Company incurs certain expenses denominated in Renminbi (“RMB”) rather than 
U.S.  Dollars  in  connection  with  contract  manufacturing  activities  in  the  PRC,  we  may  experience  increased  costs 
related to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates. Although these countries have modern industrial economies, 
their potential economic, political, legal and labor developments could entail uncertainties and risks. In the event of 
any changes that adversely affect our ability to manufacture in the PRC, South Korea and/or Taiwan, our business 
could suffer. 

18 

Shifting our operations between regions may entail considerable expense. 

Over time we may shift additional portions of our manufacturing operations to outside third-party suppliers 
both  within  the  US,  North  America,  Europe,  and/or  Asian  territories  in  order  to  maximize  manufacturing  and 
operational efficiency. This could result in reducing our domestic operations in the future, which in turn could entail 
significant  one-time  earnings  charges  to  account  for  severance,  equipment  write-offs  or  write  downs  and  moving 
expenses. 

Any increase in governmental regulation of the markets that we serve, including the cable television system, 
MDU, lodging and institutional markets, may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial 
condition. 

The telecommunications, cable television,  fiber optic, MDU,  lodging  and institutional  markets within the 
cable industry, which represents the vast majority of our business, while in some cases subject to certain FCC licensing 
requirements,  is  not  presently  burdened  with  extensive  government  regulations.  It  is  possible,  however,  that 
regulations could be adopted in the future which impose burdensome restrictions on these markets resulting in, among 
other things, barriers to the entry of new competitors or limitations on capital expenditures. Any such regulations, if 
adopted, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. 

Private cable system operation is not presently burdened with significant government regulation, other than, 
in  some  cases,  certain  FCC  licensing  and  signal  leakage  requirements.  The  Telecommunications  Act  of  1996 
deregulated  many  aspects  of  franchise  cable  system  operation  and  opened  the  door  to  competition  among  cable 
operators and telephone companies in each of their respective industries. It is possible, however, that regulations could 
be adopted which would re-impose burdensome restrictions on franchise cable operators resulting in, among other 

  
  
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
things,  the  grant  of  exclusive  rights  or  franchises  within  certain  geographical  areas.  Any  increased  regulation  of 
franchise cable could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. 

Any increase in governmental environmental regulations  or our  inability or failure  to comply  with  existing 
environmental regulations may cause an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. 

We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local governmental regulations related to the storage, use, 
discharge and disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in our manufacturing processes. We 
do not anticipate material capital expenditures during 2023 for compliance with federal, state and local environmental 
laws and regulations. There can be no assurance, however, that changes in environmental regulations will not result 
in the need for additional capital expenditures or otherwise impose additional financial burdens on us. Further, such 
regulations could restrict our ability to expand our operations. Any failure by us to obtain required permits for, control 
the  use  of,  or  adequately  restrict  the  discharge  of,  hazardous  substances  under  present or  future  regulations  could 
subject  us  to  substantial  liability  or  could  cause  our  manufacturing  operations  to  be  suspended.  Such  liability  or 
suspension of manufacturing operations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial 
condition. 

Our business and operations could suffer in the event of security breaches. 

Attempts  by  others  to  gain  unauthorized  access  to  information  technology  systems  are  becoming  more 
sophisticated. Our systems are designed to detect security incidents and to prevent their recurrence, but, in some cases, 
we might be unaware of an incident or its magnitude and effects. While we have not identified any material incidents 
of unauthorized  access  to date,  the  theft,  unauthorized  use  or  publication of  our  intellectual  property,  confidential 
business or personal information could harm our competitive position, reduce the value of our investment in research 
and development and other strategic initiatives, damage our reputation or otherwise adversely affect our business. In 
addition, to the extent that any future security breach results in inappropriate disclosure of our employees’, licensees’, 
or  customers’  confidential  and  /or  personal  information,  we  may  incur  liability  or  additional  costs  to  remedy  any 
damages caused by such breach. We could also be impacted by existing and proposed laws and regulations, as well 
as government policies and practices related to cybersecurity, privacy and data protection. 

Macroeconomic Risks 

Adverse changes in economic conditions could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial 
condition. 

Our business and earnings are affected by general business, economic and financial markets conditions in the 
United States and elsewhere. We continue to operate in a challenging and uncertain economic environment, which 
has  been  exacerbated  by  the  COVID-19  outbreak  and  related  events.  Any  return  to  recessionary  conditions  or 
prolonged stagnant or deteriorating economic conditions, whether related to the COVID-19 outbreak or otherwise, 
could  significantly  affect  the  markets  in  which  we  do  business,  the  demand  for  our  products,  the  ability  of  our 
customers to make payments to us in a timely fashion or at all, our ability and the ability of our customers to obtain 
adequate financing to maintain operations and other potential events that could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, our stock price could remain depressed or decrease 
if investors have concerns that our business, financial condition or results of operations will be negatively impacted 
by a worldwide economic downturn. Other uncertainties, including the potential effect of United States’ tariffs on 
imported steel and aluminum, which are important materials for the production of many of our products, could also 
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, beginning 
in early 2022 our business began to experience inflationary price increases in certain of our components. Although to 
date we have been successful in passing on these increases to our customers, there can be no assurances that we will 
continue to be able to do so. The inability to pass on these or future component cost increases could have material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

19 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Human Capital Risks 

Losing the services of our executive officers or our other highly qualified and experienced employees, or our 
inability to continue to attract and retain highly qualified and experienced employees, could adversely affect 
our business.  

Our future success depends in large part on the continued service of our key executives and technical and 
management personnel. Our future success also depends on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled 
engineering, manufacturing, marketing and managerial personnel. The competition for such personnel is intense, and 
the loss of key employees, in particular the principal members of our management and technical staff, could have a 
material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. 

Delays or difficulties in negotiating a labor agreement or other difficulties in our relationship with our union 
employees may cause an adverse effect on our manufacturing and business operations. 

All  of  our  direct  labor  employees  located  at  the  Old  Bridge,  New  Jersey  facility  are  members  of  the 
International  Brotherhood  of  Electrical  Workers  Union,  Local  2066  (the  “Union”),  under  a  collective  bargaining 
agreement, which expires in February 2027. In connection with any renewal or renegotiation of the labor agreement 
upon its termination, there can be no assurance that work stoppages will not occur or that we will be able to agree 
upon terms for future agreements with the Union. Any work stoppages could have a material adverse effect on our 
business operations, results of operations and financial condition. 

Other Risks 

Additional issuances of shares of our common stock in the future could adversely affect the value or voting 
power of our outstanding common stock. 

Over the past two years we have issued a substantial number of shares of common stock and other securities 
convertible into, or exercisable for, a substantial number of additional shares of common stock. Although we cannot 
predict whether the holders of our securities that are convertible into, or exercisable for, shares of our common stock 
will  convert  and/or  exercise  those  securities,  or  in  what  amounts,  the  actual  or  anticipated  issuances  or  sales  of 
substantial amounts of our common stock in the future could cause the value of our common stock to decline and 
make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and on terms that we deem 
appropriate. The issuance of any shares of our common stock in the future also would, and equity-related securities 
could, dilute the percentage ownership interest and voting power held by stockholders prior to such issuance. We have 
also entered arrangements with certain of our officers and our directors pursuant to which they have agreed to receive 
shares of our common stock in the future in lieu of current cash compensation. Although those arrangements help the 
Company preserve cash for operations, the issuances of the shares to those officers and directors also will have the 
effect of diluting the percentage ownership interest and voting power held by stockholders prior to such issuances. 

Our organizational documents and Delaware state law contain provisions that could discourage or prevent a 
potential takeover or change in control of our company or prevent our stockholders from receiving a premium 
for their shares of our common stock. 

Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of undesignated Preferred Stock, to 
determine the powers, preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed 
upon any unissued series of undesignated Preferred Stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and 
the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. The Preferred Stock could be 
issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to the rights of the common stock. Furthermore, 
such Preferred Stock may have other rights, including economic rights, senior to the common stock, and as a result, 
the issuance of such stock could have a material adverse effect on the market value of the common stock. In addition, 
our Restated Certificate of Incorporation: 

● 

eliminates the right of our stockholders to act without a meeting; 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
20 

●  does not provide cumulative voting for the election of directors; 

●  does not provide our stockholders with the right to call special meetings; 

●  provides for a classified board of directors; and 

● 

imposes various procedural requirements  which could make  it  difficult for our stockholders  to effect 
certain corporate actions. 

These provisions and the Board’s ability to issue Preferred Stock may have the effect of deterring hostile 
takeovers or offers from third parties to acquire the Company, preventing our stockholders from receiving a premium 
for their shares of our common stock, or delaying or preventing changes in control or management of the Company. 
We are also afforded the protection of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which could: 

●  delay or prevent a change in control of the Company; 

● 

impede a merger, consolidation or other business combination involving us; or 

●  discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of 

the Company. 

Any  of  these  provisions  which  may  have  the  effect  of  delaying  or  preventing  a  change in  control  of  the 

Company, could have a material adverse effect on the market value of our common stock. 

It is unlikely that we will pay dividends on our common stock. 

We currently intend to retain all earnings to finance the growth of our business and therefore do not intend 
to  pay  dividends  on  our  common  stock  in  the  foreseeable future.  Moreover,  the  MidCap  Agreement  prohibits  the 
payment of cash dividends by us on our common stock. 

Our common stock is thinly traded and subject to volatility, which may adversely affect the market price for 
our common stock. 

Although  our  common  stock  is  currently  traded  on  the  OTCQB,  it  may  at  times  be relatively  illiquid,  or 
“thinly traded,” which can increase share price volatility and make it difficult for investors to buy or sell shares in the 
public market without materially affecting the quoted share price. Investors may be unable to buy or sell a certain 
quantity of our shares in the public market within one or more trading days. If limited trading in our stock occurs, it 
may be difficult for holders to sell their shares in the public market at any given time at prevailing prices. 

The prevailing market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of 

factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following: 

● 

announcements of technological innovations or new products by us, our competitors or third parties; 

●  quarterly variations in our actual or anticipated results of operations; 

● 

failure of revenues or earnings in any quarter to meet the investment community’s expectations; 

●  market conditions for cable industry stocks in general; 

  
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
  
●  broader market trends unrelated to our performance; and 

● 

sales of significant amounts of our common stock by our officers and directors or the perception that 
such shares may occur. 

The uncertainties we face relating to our liquidity and ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations 
and to continue to operate our business as a going concern also contributes to the volatility of our stock price, and any 
investment in our common stock could suffer a significant decline or total loss in value. Furthermore, we may not be 
able  to  maintain  compliance  with  the  continued  listing  standards  of  the  OTCQB  or  any  other  national  securities 
exchange or over-the-counter market on which our common stock is then traded, which may also adversely affect the 
trading price of our common stock. 

21 

Our common stock has been thinly traded and we cannot predict the extent to which a trading market will 
develop. 

Our  common  stock  is  quoted  on  the  OTBQB-tier  of  OTC  Markets.  Our  common  stock  is  thinly-traded 
compared to larger more widely known companies. Thinly traded common stock can be more volatile than common 
stock trading in an active public market. We cannot predict the extent to which an active public market for our common 
stock will develop or be sustained. 

Our common stock has a limited trading market, which could affect your ability to sell shares of our common 
stock and the price you may receive for our common stock. 

Our  common  stock  is  currently  traded  in  the  over-the-counter  market  and  “bid”  and  “asked”  quotations 
regularly appear on OTC Markets under the symbol “BDRL”. There is only limited trading activity in our securities. 
We have a relatively small public float compared to the number of our shares outstanding. Accordingly, we cannot 
predict the extent to which investors’ interest in our common stock will provide an active and liquid trading market. 
Due to our limited public float, we may be vulnerable to investors taking a “short position” in our common stock, 
which would likely have a depressing effect on the price of our common stock and add increased volatility to our 
trading  market.  The  volatility  of  the  market  for  our  common  stock  could  have  a  materially  adverse  effect  on  our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. There cannot be any guarantee that an active trading market 
for our securities will develop or, if such a market does develop, will be sustained. Accordingly, investors must be 
able to bear the financial risk of losing their entire investment in our common stock. 

Our common stock is quoted only on OTC Markets, which may have an unfavorable impact on our stock price 
and liquidity. In addition, our shareholders may experience substantial difficulty in locating a brokerage firm 
to deposit shares of our Company for sale into the public marketplace. 

Our  common  stock  is  quoted  on  OTC  Markets  under  the  ticker  symbol  “BDRL”.  OTC  Markets  is  a 
significantly more limited market than the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ Stock Market. The quotation 
of our shares on OTC Markets may result in a less liquid market available for existing and potential stockholders to 
trade shares of our common stock, could depress the trading price of our common stock, and could have a long-term 
adverse impact on our ability to raise capital in the future. Additionally, since we are a “penny stock” quoted over-
the-counter  and  not  on  a  national  exchange,  our  shareholders  may  experience  substantial  difficulty  in  finding  a 
brokerage firm willing to deposit our common stock into a brokerage account for sale into the public marketplace 
and/or the fees may be substantially higher for transactions involving our common stock compared to companies that 
are traded on a national exchange like the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ Stock Market. 

Because we are subject to the “penny stock” rules, the level of trading activity in our stock may be reduced. 

 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Our common stock is traded on the OTC Markets. Broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in 
“penny stocks” are regulated by certain penny stock rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Penny 
stocks, like shares of our common stock, generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00, other than 
securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on NASDAQ. The penny stock rules require a 
broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized 
risk disclosure document that provides information about penny stocks and the nature and level of risks in the penny 
stock market. The broker-dealer also must provide the customer with current bid and offer quotations for the penny 
stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction, and, if the broker-dealer is the sole 
market maker, the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer's presumed control over the market, and 
monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer's account. In addition, 
broker-dealers who sell these securities to persons other than established customers and “accredited investors” must 
make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the 
purchaser's written agreement to the transaction. Consequently, these requirements may have the effect of reducing 
the level of trading activity, if any, in the secondary market for a security subject to the penny stock rules, and investors 
in our common stock may find it difficult to sell their shares. 

22 

Our share ownership is highly concentrated.  

Our directors and officers beneficially own, or have the right to vote, in the aggregate, approximately 43% 
of our common stock and will continue to have significant influence over the outcome of all matters submitted to the 
stockholders for approval, including the election of our directors. In addition, certain of our directors and officers will 
have the right to acquire additional shares of our common stock upon exercise of conversion rights with respect to 
certain indebtedness that acquire additional shares of common stock upon exercise of conversion rights with respect 
to certain indebtedness that they hold. See Note 6-Subordinated Convertible Debt with Related Parties in the Notes to 
our Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Our common stock has experienced and may continue to experience price and volume fluctuations, which could 
cause you to lose a significant portion of your investment. 

Stock markets are subject to significant price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to the operating 
performance of  particular  companies,  and  accordingly  the  market price  of  our  common  stock  may  frequently  and 
meaningfully change. The market prices and trading volume of our common stock have recently experienced, and 
may  continue to  experience, significant  fluctuations,  which  could  cause  purchasers  of our  common  stock  to  incur 
substantial losses. For example, during 2022 and through April 10, 2023, the closing market price of our common 
stock has fluctuated from a low of $0.12 per share on July 8, 2022 to a high of $0.70 on March 30, 2022 with an 
intraday high of $0.93 per share on March 1, 2022 and an intraday low of $0.10 per share on June 27, 2022. The last 
reported sale price of our common stock on the OTCQB on April 10, 2023 was $0.21 per share. The daily trading 
volume in shares of our common stock has also experienced significant fluctuation. During 2022 and through April 
10, 2023, daily trading volume ranged from approximately 0 shares to 17,529,500 shares.  We have not had any recent 
change in our financial condition or results of operations that we believe are consistent with recent fluctuations in our 
stock price or trading volume. Although we believe that the recent fluctuations in our stock price and trading volume 
reflect market and trading dynamics that appear to be unrelated to our underlying business, or to macro or industry 
fundamentals, we cannot be certain of the reasons for these fluctuations, nor can we predict how long these dynamics 
will last. These factors heighten the risk of an investment in our common stock, and the timing of your purchase of 
our common stock relative to fluctuations in its trading price may result in you losing all or a significant portion of 
your investment. 

Significant fluctuations in the market price of our common stock may be the result of strong and substantially 
increased retail investor interest, including on social media and online forums. The market price and trading volume 
fluctuations and trading patterns we have experienced create several risks for investors, including the following: 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
● 

● 

increases  or  decreases  in  the  market  price  of  our  common  stock  may  be  unrelated  to  our  operating 
performance  or  prospects,  or  macro  or  industry  fundamentals,  and  inconsistent  with  the  risks  and 
uncertainties that we face; 

factors in the volume of trading our common stock and the price at which the stock trades may include 
retail investors’ sentiment (including opinions expressed on financial trading and other social media sites 
and online forums), the direct access of retail investors to broadly available trading platforms, the amount 
and status of short interest in our securities, access to margin debt, trading in options and other derivatives 
on our common stock and any related hedging and other trading factors; and 

●  based on the higher trading prices our shares have experienced recently, our market capitalization has 
recently reflected, and currently reflects, valuations that diverge significantly from those seen prior to 
these recent fluctuations, and to  the  extent  these  valuations  reflect trading dynamics unrelated  to our 
financial performance, prospects or the risks and uncertainties we face, purchasers of our common stock 
could incur substantial losses if there are declines in market prices driven by a return to earlier valuation 
levels. 

23 

We may continue to experience rapid and significant changes in our stock price and/or trading volume in the 
foreseeable future that may not coincide in timing with our disclosure of news or developments affecting us and our 
business. Accordingly, the market price of our shares of common stock may fluctuate dramatically, and may decline 
rapidly, regardless of any developments in our business. If the market price of our common stock declines and or 
trading volume is reduced, you may be unable to resell your shares at or above the price at which you acquired them. 

There are also a variety of other factors, some of which are beyond our control, that could negatively affect 
the market price of our common stock or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock, 
including: 

●  overall performance of the equity markets and the economy as a whole; 

● 

actual or anticipated changes in our growth rate relative to that of our competitors; 

● 

announcements of technological innovations or new products by us, our competitors or third parties; 

● 

changes in the anticipated size or growth rate of our addressable markets; 

● 

announcements  of  acquisitions,  strategic  partnerships,  joint  ventures  or  capital-raising  activities  or 
commitments, by us or by our competitors; 

●  quarterly variations in our actual or anticipated results of operations; 

● 

failure of revenues or earnings in any quarter to meet the investment community’s expectations; 

●  market conditions for telecommunications or cable industry stocks in general; 

●  new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to us or our 

customers; 

● 

sales of significant amounts of our common stock by our officers and directors or the perception that 
such sales may occur; 

   
   
   
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
● 

sales of significant amounts of our common stock by us or the perception that such sales may occur; 

●  health epidemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, influenza, and other highly communicable diseases; 

and 

●  other  events  or  factors,  including  those  resulting  from  war,  incidents  of  terrorism  (including 

cyberterrorism), or responses to these events 

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s stock, class action securities 
litigation has often been instituted against such companies. Litigation may arise out of facts and circumstances, or 
disclosure  relating  thereto,  that  we  do  not  currently  regard  as  material.  Such volatility  may  entice  stockholders  to 
challenge  our  disclosure,  whether  or  not  they  are  correct.  Any  litigation,  if  instituted  against  us,  could  result  in 
substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which would interfere with our ability to 
execute our business plan and otherwise materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating 
results. 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies. 

24 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES 

The  Company’s  principal  manufacturing,  engineering,  sales  and  administrative  facilities  consist  of  one 
building totaling approximately 130,000 square feet located on approximately 20 acres of land in Old Bridge, New 
Jersey (the “Old Bridge Facility”) which was owned but currently is leased by the Company. On February 1, 2019, 
the Company completed the sale of the Old Bridge Facility to Jake Brown Road, LLC (the “Buyer”). In addition, in 
connection with the completion of the sale, the Company and the Buyer (as landlord) entered into a lease (the “Lease”), 
pursuant to which the Company will continue to occupy, and continue to conduct its manufacturing, engineering, sales 
and administrative functions in the Old Bridge Facility. 

The sale of the Old Bridge Facility was made pursuant to an Agreement of Sale dated as of August 3, 2018 
(the “Initial Sale Agreement”), as amended by an Extension Letter Agreement dated as of September 20, 2018, the 
Second Amendment to Agreement of Sale dated as of October 8, 2018 and the Third Amendment to Agreement of 
Sale dated as of January 30, 2019 (the Initial Sale Agreement together with the Extension Letter Agreement, Second 
Amendment to Agreement of Sale and Third Amendment to Agreement of Sale, collectively, the “Sale Agreement”). 
Pursuant to the Sale Agreement, at closing, the  Buyer  paid the Company $10,500,000.  In  addition,  at  closing, the 
Company advanced to the Buyer the sum of $130,000, representing a preliminary estimate of the Company’s share 
(as a tenant of the Old Bridge Facility following closing) of property repairs, as contemplated by the Sale Agreement 
(the “Repair Escrow”). The Company recognized a gain of $7,175,000 in connection with the sale. 

The Lease has an initial term of five years and allows the Company to extend the term for an additional five 
years following the initial term. The Company is obligated to pay base rent of approximately $922,000 in 2023, with 
the amount of the base rent adjusted for each subsequent year to equal 102.5% of the preceding year’s base rent. 

The Company leases an engineering facility consisting of one building totaling approximately 1,141 square 
feet in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The lease for this facility expires in May 2023. The Company may extend the lease, find 
alternative  space  or  let  the  lease  expire.  The  total  lease  obligation  for  the  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana  facility  will  be 
approximately $5,000 during 2023. 

   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Management believes that these facilities are adequate to support the Company’s anticipated needs in 2023. 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

The  Company  is  a  party  to  certain  proceedings  incidental to  the  ordinary  course  of  its  business,  none  of 
which, in the opinion of management, is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial 
condition, results of operations or cash flows. 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable. 

25 

PART II 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Trading Market 

The Company’s common stock has been traded on the OTCQB under the symbol “BDRL” since June 27, 
2022. Any OTCQB market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission 
and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. 

As of March 29, 2023, the Company had 58 holders of record of the common stock.  Since a portion of the 
Company’s common stock is held in “street” or nominee name, the Company is unable to determine the exact number 
of beneficial holders. 

Dividends 

The Company currently anticipates that it will retain all of its earnings to finance the operation of its business, 
and therefore does not intend to pay dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future. Since its initial public 
offering, the Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its common stock. Any determination to pay 
dividends in the future is at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors and will depend upon the Company’s 
financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, limitations contained in loan agreements and such other 
factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant. The MidCap Agreement prohibits the payment of cash dividends by 
the Company on its common stock. 

Share Repurchases 

On July 24, 2002, the Company commenced a stock repurchase program to acquire up to $300,000 of its 
outstanding  common  stock  (the  “2002  Program”).  On  February  13,  2007,  the  Company  announced  a  new  stock 
repurchase  program  to  acquire  up  to  an  additional  100,000  shares  of  its  outstanding  common  stock  (the  “2007 
Program”). As of December 31, 2022, the Company can purchase up to $72,000 of its common stock under the 2002 
Program and up to 100,000 shares of its common  stock under  the 2007 Program. While the Company  may, in its 
discretion, continue making purchases under the 2002 Program up to its limits, and thereafter to make purchases under 
the  2007  Program,  no  such  purchases  are  currently  anticipated.  The  MidCap  Agreement  currently  prohibits  the 
Company from repurchasing shares of its common stock, whether under the 2002 Program and the 2007 Program or 
otherwise. During 2022 and 2021, the Company did not purchase any of its common stock under the 2002 Program 
or the 2007 Program. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
26 

ITEM 6. [RESERVED] 

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 
OF OPERATIONS 

The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s historical results of operations and liquidity and 
capital resources should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and notes 
thereto appearing elsewhere herein. The following discussion and analysis also contains forward-looking statements 
that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-
looking statements as a result of various factors. See “Forward Looking Statements” that precedes Item 1 above. 

Overview 

The Company was incorporated in November 1988, under the laws of Delaware as GPS Acquisition Corp. 
for the purpose of acquiring the business of Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, which was 
founded in 1950 by Ben H. Tongue and Isaac S. Blonder to design, manufacture and supply a line of electronics and 
systems equipment principally for  the private  cable  industry. Following  the  acquisition, the Company  changed  its 
name to Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. The Company completed the initial public offering of its shares of common 
stock in December 1995. 

Today, the Company is a technology-development and manufacturing company that delivers a wide range of 
products  and  services  to  the  telecommunications,  cable  entertainment  and  media  industry.  For  70  years,  Blonder 
Tongue/Drake products have been deployed in a long list of locations, including lodging/hospitality, multi-dwelling 
units/apartments, broadcast studios/networks, universities/schools, healthcare/hospitals, fitness centers, government 
facilities/offices,  prisons,  airports,  sports  stadiums/arenas,  entertainment  venues/casinos,  retail  stores,  and  small-
medium businesses. These applications are variously described as small and medium sized businesses in commercial, 
institutional or enterprise environments, and will be referred to herein collectively as “SMB”. The customers we serve 
include business entities installing private video and data networks in these environments, whether they are the largest 
cable  television  operators,  telco  or  satellite  providers,  integrators,  architects,  engineers  or  the  next  generation  of 
Internet  Protocol  Television  (“IPTV”)  streaming  video  providers.  The  technology  requirements  of  these  markets 
change rapidly, and the Company’s research and development team is continually delivering high performance-lower 
cost solutions to meet customers’ needs. 

The Company’s strategy is focused on providing a wide range of products to meet the needs of the SMB 
environments  described  above, 
lodging/hospitality,  multi-dwelling  units/apartments,  broadcast 
studios/networks,  universities/schools,  healthcare/hospitals,  fitness  centers,  government  facilities/offices,  prisons, 
airports,  sports  stadiums/arenas,  entertainment  venues/casinos,  retail  stores,  and  small-medium  businesses,  and  to 
provide offerings that are optimized for an operator’s existing infrastructure, as well as the operator’s future strategy. 
A key component of this growth strategy is to provide products that deliver the latest technologies (such as IPTV and 
digital 4K, UHD, HD and SD video content) and have a high performance-to-cost ratio. 

including 

In 2019, the Company initiated a consumer premise equipment (“CPE”) sales initiative. The products sold 
in 2019 comprise primarily Android-based IPTV set top boxes to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 cable and telecommunications 
service providers. Although this strategic initiative was designed to secure an in-home position with the Company’s 
product offerings, and direct relationships with a wide range of service providers, and increase sales of the Company’s 
Telecom and SMB products by the BT Premier Distributors to those same service providers, it was decided in 2021, 
to de-emphasize this strategy due to the low gross margin of this initiative and global semiconductor supply chain 
limitations. The CPE Product initiative achieved sales to over 75 different telco, municipal fiber and cable operators 
and accounted for approximately 0% and 7% of the Company’s 2022 and 2021 revenues, respectively, although its 
contribution to net income has not had a material impact on the Company’s performance. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Like many businesses throughout the United States and the world, the Company has been affected by the 
COVID-19  pandemic.  Because  there  are daily,  weekly  and  monthly  developments  regarding  the  outbreak,  we  are 
continually assessing the current and anticipated future effects on our business, including how these developments are 
impacting  or  may  impact  our  customers,  employees  and  business  partners.  In  our  core  SMB  business,  we  have 
experienced a noticeable decline in sales. From March 2020 through Q3 of 2021 many of our customers significantly 
reduced their business operations. In our CPE business we have experienced a more substantial reduction in sales, 
again as a result of our customers’ significant decrease in their business activities coupled with expected supply chain 
constraints.  During  and  since  Q3  2021,  the  Company  has  seen  our  customers,  in  general,  begin  to  recover  their 
business operations at the same time as the Company began to see global disruptions in semiconductor supply chain, 
which  is  a  major  raw  material  component  of  the  products  the  Company  designs,  manufactures  and  sells.  With 
uncertainties  surrounding  the extent  to  which  the  COVID-19 outbreak  will  affect  the  economy  generally,  and  our 
customers and business partners in particular, it is impossible for us to predict when conditions will improve to the 
point that we can reasonably forecast when our sales and product shipments might return to historical levels. Since 
2019, we have taken steps to reduce and are currently taking additional steps to significantly reduce our expenses, 
including adjustments in our staffing (in the form of furloughs) and reductions in manufacturing activities, which we 
believe will improve our ability to continue our operations at current levels and meet our obligations to our customers. 

27 

The Company’s manufacturing is allocated primarily between its facility in Old Bridge, New Jersey (“Old 
Bridge Facility”) and key contract manufacturing located in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) as well as South 
Korea,  Taiwan  and  Ohio.  The  Company  currently  manufactures  most  of  its  digital  products,  including  the  NXG 
product  line  and  latest  encoder,  transcoder  and  EdgeQAM  collections  at  the  Old  Bridge  Facility.  Since  2007  the 
Company  has  transitioned  and  continues  to  manufacture  certain  high-volume,  labor  intensive  products,  including 
many of the Company’s analog and other products, in the PRC, pursuant to manufacturing agreements that govern the 
production of products that may from time to time be the subject of purchase orders submitted by (and in the discretion 
of) the Company. Although the Company does not currently anticipate the transfer of any additional products to the 
PRC  or  other  countries  for  manufacture,  the  Company  may  do  so  if  business  and  market  conditions  make  it 
advantageous to do so. Manufacturing products both at the Company’s Old Bridge Facility as well as in the PRC, 
South  Korea,  Taiwan  and  Ohio  enables  the  Company  to  realize  cost  reductions  while  maintaining  a  competitive 
position and time-to-market advantage. 

Results of Operations 

For the year ended December 31, 2022 compared with year ended December 31, 2021, discussion is included 

below. 

The following table sets forth, for the fiscal periods indicated, certain consolidated statement of earnings data 

as a percentage of net sales. 

Net sales 
Costs of goods sold 
Gross profit 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Research and development expenses 
Loss from operations 

Year Ended  
December 31, 

2022 

2021 

100.0%     
69.8       
30.2       
11.0       
21.1       
9.8       
(11.7)      

100.0% 
62.8  
37.2  
15.6  
23.9  
16.5  
(18.8) 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
Gain on debt forgiveness 
Other income 
Interest expense, net 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Net earnings (loss) 

2022 Compared with 2021 

0.0       
0.0       
4.4       
(16.1)      
0.0       
(16.1)      

11.2  
11.5  
3.3  
0.6  
0.1  
0.5  

Net Sales. Net sales increased $2,361,000 or 15% to $18,115,000 in 2022 from $15,754,000 in 2021. The 
increase was primarily attributable to an increase in encoder/decoder products, NXG products, DOCSIS data products 
and coax distribution products, offset by a decrease in sales of CPE products and analog modulation products. Sales 
of  CPE  products  were  $29,000  and  $1,120,000,  DOCSIS  data  products  were  $2,356,000  and  $755,000,  analog 
modulation  products  were  $450,000  and  $790,000,  coax  distribution  products  were  $1,490,000  and  $1,266,000, 
encoders/transcoders products were $9,140,000 and $7,863,000 and NXG products were $2,709,000 and $1,924,000 
in  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  The  Company  experienced  a  reduction  in  CPE  products  during  2022  due  to  the 
deemphasis of this product line, which the Company expects to continue into 2023. The Company experienced an 
increase in DOCSIS data products due to increased demand as we went into the post pandemic era as these products 
are used primarily in the hospitality and assisted-living environments. The Company experienced a reduction in analog 
modulation  products  due  to  the  continued  market  shifting  away  from  analog  modulation  solutions.  The  Company 
expects the sales of the analog modulation and coax distribution products to continue to decline in 2023. The Company 
experienced an increase in encoder/decoder products and NXG IP video signal processing products as these product 
lines represent newer products and newer technologies with higher demand from customers. 

Cost  of  Goods  Sold.  Cost  of  goods  sold  increased  to  $12,652,000  in  2022  from  $9,896,000  in  2021  and 
increased as a percentage of sales to 69.8% for 2022 from 62.8% for 2021. The dollar increase and the increase as a 
percentage of sales was primarily attributable to the increase in materials cost and the freight cost on materials. 

Selling Expenses. Selling expenses decreased to $1,995,000 in 2022 from $2,459,000 in 2021 and decreased 
as a percentage of sales to 11% for 2022 from 15.6% for 2021. This $464,000 decrease was primarily attributable to 
a  decrease  in  salary  expenses  of  $411,000  and  a  decrease  in  consulting  expense  of  $60,000.  The  decrease  as  a 
percentage of sales was primarily attributable to the sales increase. 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $3,821,000 in 2022 
from $3,767,000 in 2021 and decreased as a percentage of sales to 21.1% for 2022 from 23.9% for 2021. This $54,000 
increase  was  primarily  the  result  of  an  increase  in  consulting  fees  of  $165,000,  an  increase  in  salary  expenses  of 
$48,000,  offset  by  a  decrease  in  amortization  expense  of  $157,000.  The  decrease  as  a  percentage  of  sales  was 
attributable to the overall increase in sales. 

28 

Research and Development Expense. Research and development expenses decreased to $1,778,000 in 2022 
from $2,592,000 in 2021 and decreased as a percentage of sales to 9.8% in 2022 from 16.5% in 2021. This $814,000 
decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in salaries and fringe benefits of $609,000 due to a decrease in head 
count, a decrease in supplies of $91,000, a decrease  in rents of $24,000, and a decrease in amortization of licenses in 
the amount of $47,000. 

Operating loss. Operating loss of $2,131,000 for 2022 represents an improvement from the operating loss of 
$2,960,000 for 2021. Operating loss as a percentage of sales decreased to 11.8% in 2022 from 18.8% in 2021 for the 
reasons discussed above. 

Gain on debt forgiveness. Gain on debt forgiveness was $0 in 2022 versus $1,769,000 in 2021. 

    
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Other income. Other income decreased to $0 in 2022 from $1,804,000 in 2021. The decrease was the result 
of the Employee Retention Tax Credit accrued in 2021. At December 31, 2022, the Company is still owed $299,000 
in ERTC funds which it expects to receive during the second quarter of 2023. 

Interest expense net. Interest expense, net increased to $789,000 in 2022 from $514,000 in 2021. The increase 
was primarily the result of higher  average borrowings and  interest rates,  including an increase  of $10,000 of PIK 
interest. 

Income  Taxes.  The  provision  for  income  taxes  was  $15,000  in  both  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  The 
Company records a full valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets that are no longer considered to be realizable. 
The significant negative evidence supporting the full valuation allowance includes an operating loss for the current 
year, a cumulative pre-tax loss for the three years ended December 31, 2022, the inability to carryback the net operating 
losses, limited future reversals of existing temporary differences and the limited availability of tax planning strategies. 
The  Company  expects  to  continue  to  provide  a  full  valuation  allowance  until,  or  unless,  it  can  sustain  a  level  of 
profitability that demonstrates its ability to utilize these assets. 

Inflation and Seasonality 

Inflation  and  seasonality  have  not  previously  had  a  material  impact  on  the  results  of  operations  of  the 
Company. However, beginning in early 2022, the Company began to experience inflationary pressures related to the 
procurement of certain products used in its manufacturing process and expects these pressures to continue at least 
through the remainder of 2023. To date we have been successful in passing on cost increases to our customers and 
will continue to attempt to pass on increases to customers. However, there can be no assurances that the Company 
will continue to be able to do so. Fourth quarter sales in 2022 as compared to other quarters were slightly impacted by 
fewer production days. The Company expects sales each year in the fourth quarter to be impacted by fewer production 
days.  

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Unless we significantly improve revenue and significantly decrease operational expenses we do not believe 
our  existing  liquidity  and  cash  flows  from  operations  are  adequate  to  fund  our  normal  expected  future  business 
operations for the next 12 months. If our existing capital resources or cash flows become insufficient to meet current 
business plans, projections, and existing capital requirements, we may be required to raise additional funds, which 
may not be available on favorable terms, if at all.  As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, cash held in bank accounts and 
loan availability were $649,000 and $366,000, respectively.  Our capital commitments over the next twelve months 
include (a) $3,583,000 to satisfy December 31, 2022 accounts payable, accrued expense and lease liabilities and (b) 
renegotiating an extension of the Subordinated Debt Agreements. 

We do not believe that our current cash flows from operations would be adequate to fund our normal expected 
future operations for the long term unless we improve revenue and significantly decrease operational expenses. If our 
existing capital resources or cash flows become insufficient to meet anticipated business plans and existing capital 
requirements, we may be required to raise additional funds, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. 

The  Company’s  working  capital  was  $(189,000)  and  $1,618,000  at  December  31,  2022  and  2021, 

respectively. 

The Company’s net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $1,382,000, 
primarily  due  to  an  increase  in  receivables  of  $1,600,000,  a  decrease  in  lease  liability  of  $718,000,  a  decrease  in 
prepaid and other current assets of $253,000, offset by an increase in accounts payable accrued expenses and accrued 
compensation of $1,059,000 and non-cash adjustments used in operating activities of $2,153,000, compared to net 
cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 of $1,167,000, primarily due to an increase in 
inventories of $791,000, a decrease in lease liability of $787,000, an increase in prepaid and other current assets of 
$554,000 offset by an increase in accounts payable accrued expenses and accrued compensation of $456,000 and non-
cash adjustments used in operating activities of $416,000. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $55,000, which was attributable 
primarily to capital expenditures of $48,000 and the acquisition of licenses of $7,000.  Cash used in investing activities 
for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021  was  $86,000,  which  was  attributable  primarily  to  capital  expenditures  of 
$31,000 and the acquisition of licenses of $55,000. 

Cash  provided by  financing  activities  was  $1,242,000 for  the  year  ended  December  31, 2022,  comprised 
primarily of net borrowings of line of credit of $1,987,000, offset by repayments of debt of $67,000 and repayment of 
promissory notes of $678,000. Cash provided by financing activities was $1,458,000 for the year ended December 31, 
2021, comprised primarily of borrowings under the subordinated convertible debt facility of $700,000, net borrowings 
of line of credit of $255,000, the net proceeds of stock issuances of $492,000, the proceeds of the exercise of stock 
options of $11,000 and the proceeds of the exercise of  stock  warrants of $61,000 offset by repayments of debt of 
$61,000. 

29 

For a full description of the Company’s senior secured indebtedness under the MidCap Facility and its effect 
upon  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  position  and  results  of  operations,  see  Note  5  -  Debt  of  the  Notes  to 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The  Company’s  primary  sources  of  liquidity  have  been  its  existing  cash  balances,  cash  generated  from 
operations, amounts available under the MidCap Facility, amounts available under the Subordinated Loan Facility and 
cash generated from sales of its common stock, as well as funds made available to the Company through participation 
in several federal government financial assistance programs implemented pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, 
and Economic Security Act, including the Paycheck Protection Program and the Employee Retention Tax Credit. On 
a going-forward basis, the Company expects its primary sources of liquidity will be its existing cash balances, cash 
generated from operations and amounts available under the MidCap Facility. The Company also may seek to raise 
additional capital through the issuance of shares of common stock or other securities convertible into, or exercisable 
for,  shares  of  common  stock,  although  the  Company  cannot  provide  any  assurances  that  this  type  of  additional 
financing  will  be  available  on  reasonable  terms,  or  at  all.  The  Company  had  approximately  $570,000  and 
approximately $51,000 availability for borrowing under the MidCap Facility, as of December 31, 2022 and April 10, 
2023, respectively.  

As discussed in Item 2 - Properties, on February 1, 2019, the Company completed the sale of the Old Bridge 
Facility  to  Jake  Brown  Road,  LLC  (the  “Buyer”).  In  addition,  in  connection  with  the  completion  of  the  sale,  the 
Company and the Buyer (as landlord) entered into a lease (the “Lease”), pursuant to which the Company will continue 
to occupy, and continue to conduct its manufacturing, engineering, sales and administrative functions in the Old Bridge 
Facility. 

The Lease has an initial term of five years and allows the Company to extend the term for an additional five 
years following the initial term. The Company was obligated to pay base rent of approximately $837,000 for the first 
year of the Lease, with the amount of the base rent adjusted for each subsequent year to equal 102.5% of the preceding 
year’s base rent. Without regard to any reduction in the Company’s lease expense derived from its sublease to a third 
party of the Sublease Space (defined below), for the first year of the Lease, the base rent of approximately $837,000.00 
would offset, in part, the anticipated annualized saving of interest and depreciation expense of approximately $469,000 
and the cash debt service of approximately $562,000. The Lease further provides for an initial security deposit in an 
amount equal to eight months of base rent, which could be reduced to not lower than three months of base rent, upon 
certain benchmarks being met during the Lease term. It was determined in the first quarter 2020 that the applicable 
benchmark relevant to the six-month period ended August 1, 2019 was met and as a result the landlord released a 
portion of the security deposit equal to one month’s base rent to the Company, leaving an aggregate security deposit 
held by the landlord, in an amount equal to seven months of base rent. Subsequently, the Company determined in the 
third quarter 2020 that the applicable benchmark relevant to the six-month period ended August 1, 2020 was met and 
as a result, the Company notified the landlord in writing that it would offset rent otherwise due on August 1, 2020 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
against the reimbursement of a portion of the security deposit equal to one month’s base rent, leaving an aggregate 
security  deposit  held  by  the  landlord,  in  an  amount  equal  to  six  months  of  base  rent.  The  landlord  expressed  its 
disagreement with the Company’s interpretation of the lease and requested the provision of financial information to 
support the Company’s contention or in the alternative payment of the offset amount. Subsequently, no further actions 
or  communications  regarding  the  offset  were  made  by  the  landlord  and  the  Company  thereafter,  beginning  with 
September  2020, resumed  timely  payments  of  its  rental  obligations  under  the  Lease.  In  early  2021,  the  Company 
undertook an analysis of the common area maintenance charges being assessed under the Lease in an effort to reconcile 
those payments with the specific terms of the Lease. The Lease provides that this reconciliation is to be accomplished 
by the landlord annually, however  this has not occurred. The Company’s analysis  indicates that  it  may  have  been 
overcharged for common area maintenance expenses since the inception of the Lease and submitted supporting data 
to the landlord, requesting that the landlord review the submission against its records. The Company has also requested 
that the landlord release from escrow and return to the Company, the unexpended balance of the Repair Escrow. The 
landlord  and  the  Company  anticipated  resolving  the  reconciliation  of  the  common  area  maintenance  charges  and 
Repair Escrow release request during the month of February 2021 and with the prior oral approval of the landlord, the 
Company refrained from paying February 2021 rent, expecting that the reconciliation would be completed prior to the 
end of that month. Inasmuch as the disputed amounts, in the opinion of the Company, exceed three months’ rent and 
common  area  maintenance  expenses,  the  Company  refrained  from  the  payment  of  base  rent  and  common  area 
maintenance charges for the months of February 2021 and March 2021, it being the expectation of the parties that 
these  amounts  will  be  credited  against  the  amount  finally  determined  to  be  reimbursed  to  the  Company.  Without 
prejudice to the Company’s positions regarding these matters, and without creating any inference that the Company 
agrees with any of the landlord’s claims or waiving any rights available to the Company under the Lease or otherwise, 
on May 5, 2021, the Company made payment to the landlord of $140,000, representing all amounts that the landlord 
then claimed were due. Notwithstanding the continuing disagreements with the landlord’s monthly payment demands, 
the Company is meeting these demands on a current basis, but continues to reserve its rights regarding the same. The 
Company has not recently held discussions with the landlord regarding the foregoing areas of disagreement, however 
its  position  regarding  amounts  due  back  to  the  Company  has  not  changed.  At  the  appropriate  time,  the  Company 
anticipates engaging in further discussion of these matters with the landlord in an attempt to negotiate a resolution of 
these disagreements. The Company, however, cannot assure you that these matters will be resolved in a manner that 
is favorable to the Company or that litigation might not result if a negotiated resolution not forthcoming. 

30 

The landlord may, once during the lease term or any renewal thereof, require the Company to relocate to 
another facility made available  by the landlord that  meets  the  Company’s specifications for  a replacement  facility 
within a defined geographical area, by providing notice which confirms that all of the Company’s specifications for a 
replacement facility will be met, that all costs relating to such relocation will be paid by the landlord, and that security 
for the repayment of those relocation costs has been established. The Company will also be provided a six-month 
overlap period (the “Overlap Period”) during which the Company may operate in the Old Bridge Facility with rent 
therein being abated, but with rent being paid at the replacement facility, to mitigate interruptions of the Company’s 
on-going business while the move occurs. If the Company declines to be relocated to the facility proposed by the 
landlord, the Lease will terminate 18 months from the date of the landlord’s notice, but the Company will continue to 
be entitled to receive the same benefits in terms of reimbursement of its relocation costs and an Overlap Period during 
which no rent will be due at the Old Bridge Facility, while the Company moves its operations to an alternative facility 
that it has identified. 

On December 31, 2019, the Company entered into a two-year sublease to a third party for 32,500 square feet 
of the Old Bridge Facility (the “Sublease Space”) which commenced on March 1, 2020, the rental proceeds from 
which inure to the benefit of the Company. The sublease also  provides for a  one-year renewal  option, which  was 
exercised  in  January  2022.  The  sublease  provides  rental  income  approximately  $284,000  in  the  first  year, 
approximately $293,000 in the second year and approximately $301,000 in the third year of the sublease. 

  
  
  
  
  
In connection with the fulfillment of certain of the Company’s purchase orders, the Company was financing 
expediting fees charged in connection with the purchase orders by delivering a promissory note (the “Note”) to the 
supplier of the goods, in the principal amount of approximately $630,000. The Note was unsecured and has an interest 
rate of 12% per annum. The Company was obligated to repay the principal balance of the note beginning in September 
2021  and  continuing  thereafter  for  an  additional  five  consecutive  monthly  installments  on  the  15th  day  of  each 
successive  calendar  month,  as  follows:  September  2021,  $100,000,  October  2021,  $100,000,  November  2021, 
$100,000, December 2021, $100,000, January 2022, $100,000 and February 2022, $140,000. Accrued interest was 
paid concurrently with each principal installment. The note was satisfied in March 2022. 

During 2021, the Company continued to experience a decline in sales, a loss from operations and net cash 
used in operating activities, in conjunction with liquidity constraints. These factors raised substantial doubt about the 
Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Accordingly,  there  still  exists  substantial  doubt  about  the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to 
the  recoverability  of  the  recorded  assets  or  the  classification  of  the  liabilities  that  might  be  necessary  should  the 
Company be unable to continue as a going concern. 

While management of the Company believes that the Company will be successful in its planned operating 
activities, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in generating sufficient revenues and reduced 
expenses  to  sustain  the  operations  of  the  Company.  If  anticipated  operating  results  are  not  achieved  and/or  the 
Company is unable to obtain additional financing, it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in 
order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations, which measures could 
have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  ability  to  achieve  its  intended  business  objectives  and  may  be 
insufficient to enable the Company to continue as a  going  concern for at least twelve months from the date  these 
financial statements are made available to be issued. 

Beginning in the middle of 2019, the Company experienced a significant decline in its net sales of core or 
legacy products, which while not recovering to historical norms, stabilized during the early part of the first quarter of 
2020. Beginning in February 2020, however, as the prospects of an ever-worsening outbreak of COVID-19 took hold, 
the Company began to experience adverse impacts to revenues across all of its product lines. Sales of the Company’s 
products did not return to historical norms during 2021 or 2022. The Company still does not anticipate that sales will 
recover to historical norms during 2023, due primarily to supply chain shortages impacting the Company’s ability to 
source raw materials used in the manufacturing process. In light of these developments and as detailed below, the 
Company  has  taken  significant  steps  during  the  past  year,  implemented  in  several  phases,  in  order  to  manage 
operations through what has been a period of diminished sales levels. 

As  part  of  its  efforts  to  improve  liquidity  and  provide  operating  capital,  on  April  7,  2020,  the  Company 
entered into a certain Consent and Amendment (the “MidCap First Amendment”) to Loan Agreement and Loan 
Documents with Midcap (the “MidCap Loan Agreement”), which amended the MidCap Facility to, among other 
things,  remove  the  existing  $400,000  availability  block,  subject  to  the  same  being  re-imposed  at  the  rate  of 
approximately $7,000 per month commencing June 1, 2020. The operative provisions relating to the removal of the 
availability block under the MidCap First Amendment became effective on April 8, 2020, following the consummation 
by the Company of the transactions contemplated by the Subordinated Loan Facility (defined below). 

31 

On  April  5,  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Ninth  Amendment  to  the  MidCap  Loan  Agreement  (the 
“MidCap  Ninth  Amendment”).  Among  other  things,  the  amendment  modified  the  MidCap  Loan  Agreement’s 
definition of “Borrowing Base” so as to provide for an over-advance facility (the “2022 Over-Advance Facility”) in 
an  aggregate  amount  of  up  to  $1,000,000.  MidCap’s  agreement  to  enter  into  the  MidCap  Ninth  Amendment  was 
conditioned, in part, on the entry into a participation agreement between MidCap and Robert J. Palle, a Director, and 
an  affiliate  of  Mr.  Palle  (the  “Palle  Parties”).  The  terms  of  the  MidCap  Ninth  Amendment  and  the  participation 
agreement contemplate that any advances made by Midcap pursuant to the 2022 Over-Advance Facility would be 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
funded by the Palle Parties under the participation agreement. Advances under the 2022 Over-Advance Facility are 
subject  to  the  discretion  of  MidCap  and  the  Palle  Parties.  On  April  5,  2022,  pursuant  to  the  2022  Over-Advance 
Facility and the participation agreement, the Palle Parties funded an initial advance of $200,000 that was provided to 
the Company. From April 5, 2022 to December 23, 2022, a total of $975,000 was made by Midcap to the Company, 
which was funded by the Palle Parties. Further advances may be made to the Company upon its request, subject to the 
discretion of MidCap and the Palle Parties, in minimum amounts of not less than $100,000 per tranche, unless a lesser 
amount is agreed to by the parties. The amount advanced in each tranche will bear an interest rate of 1% per month. 

On May 5, 2022, the Company entered into a Tenth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “MidCap 
Tenth  Amendment”),  to,  among  other  things,  modify  the  MidCap  Loan  Agreement’s  definition  of  “Minimum 
EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The MidCap Tenth Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of 
January 1, 2022. All other substantive terms of the MidCap Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect. 

On  June  14,  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  an  Eleventh  Amendment  to  MidCap  Loan  Agreement  (the 
“MidCap Eleventh Amendment”), to, among other things, (i) modify  the MidCap  Loan Agreement’s definition of 
“Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s overadvance facility 
until July 1, 2022, and (ii) delete in its entirety from the MidCap Loan Agreement the Company’s minimum EBITDA 
covenant. All other substantive terms of the Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect. 

On July 1, 2022, the Company entered into a Twelfth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “Twelfth 
Amendment”), to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement’s definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the 
Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s overadvance facility until July 15, 2022. All other 
substantive terms of the Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect. 

On October 25, 2022, the Company entered into a Thirteenth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the 
“Thirteenth Amendment”), to, among other things, extend the expiration date of the Loan Agreement to October 28, 
2022. 

On October 28, 2022, the Company entered into a Fourteenth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the 
“Fourteenth Amendment”), to, among other things, extend the expiration date of  the Loan  Agreement  to June 30, 
2023, modify the definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the 
Company’s overadvance facility until December 1, 2022 and increase the 2022 overadvance facility to $1,500,000. 
As of April 4, 2023 a total of $1,175,000 was  made by  MidCap to the Company, which was funded by  the Palle 
Parties. All other substantive terms of the Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect. 

On April 8, 2020, the Company, as borrower, together with Livewire Ventures, LLC (wholly owned by the 
Company’s former Chief Executive Officer, Edward R. Grauch), MidAtlantic IRA, LLC FBO Steven L. Shea IRA 
(an IRA account for the benefit of the Company’s Chairman of the Board, Steven Shea), Carol M. Pallé and Robert J. 
Pallé, Anthony J. Bruno, and Stephen K. Necessary, as lenders (collectively, the “Initial Lenders”) and Robert J. 
Pallé, as Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “Agent”) entered into a certain Senior Subordinated Convertible 
Loan and Security Agreement (the “Subordinated Loan Agreement”), pursuant to which the lenders from time to 
time  party  thereto  may  provide  up  to  $1,500,000  of  loans  to  the  Company  (the  “Subordinated  Loan  Facility”). 
Interest accrues on the outstanding amounts advanced under the Subordinated Loan Facility at the rate of 12% per 
annum, compounded and payable monthly, in-kind, by the automatic increase of the principal amount of the loan on 
each monthly interest payment date, by the amount of the  accrued  interest  payable  at  that  time (“PIK Interest”); 
provided, however, that at the option of the Company, it may pay interest in cash on any interest payment date, in lieu 
of PIK Interest. 

On April 8, 2020, the Initial Lenders agreed to provide the Company with a Tranche A term loan facility of 
$800,000, of which $600,000 was advanced to the Company on April 8, 2020, $100,000 was advanced to the Company 
on April 17, 2020 and $100,000 was advanced to the Company on January 12, 2021. The Initial Lenders participating 
in the Tranche A term loan facility have the option of converting the principal balance of the loan held by each of 
them,  in  whole  (unless  otherwise  agreed  by  the  Company),  into  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock,  at  a 
conversion price equal to the volume weighted average price of the common stock as reported by the NYSE American, 
during the five trading days preceding April 8, 2020 (the “Tranche A Conversion Price”) which was calculated at 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
$0.593. The conversion right was subject to stockholder approval as required by the rules of the NYSE American, and 
was obtained on June 11, 2020 at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders. 

32 

On April 24, 2020, the Company, the Initial Lenders and Ronald V. Alterio (the Company’s Senior Vice 
President-Engineering,  Chief  Technology  Officer)  and  certain  additional  unaffiliated  investors  (the  “Additional 
Lenders,”  and,  together  with  the  Initial  Lenders,  the  “Lenders”)  entered  into  the  First  Amendment  to  Senior 
Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “Amendment”). The Amendment provides 
for  the  funding  of  $200,000  of  additional  loans  as  a  Tranche  B  term  loan  under  the  Subordinated  Loan  Facility 
established under the Subordinated Loan Agreement, with such loans being provided by the Additional Lenders. The 
Amendment also sets the conversion price of $0.55 (the “Tranche B Conversion Price”) with respect to the right of 
the Additional Lenders to convert the accreted principal balance of the loans held by each of them into shares of the 
Company’s common stock. The terms and conditions of the conversion rights applicable to the Initial Lenders and the 
Additional Lenders are otherwise identical in all material respects, including the terms restricting conversion to an 
aggregate amount of shares of common stock that would not result in the Company’s non-compliance with NYSE 
American rules requiring stockholder approval of issuances or potential issuances of shares in excess of the percentage 
limits specified therein or in an amount that may be deemed to constitute a change of control under such rules. These 
restrictions terminated as the requisite stockholder approval was obtained on June 11, 2020 at the Company’s annual 
meeting of stockholders. 

On April 10, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds of approximately $1,769,000 (“PPP Loan”) under 
the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). The PPP, established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic 
Security Act (“CARES Act”), provided for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times the average 
monthly payroll expenses of the qualifying business. The PPP Loan and accrued interest are forgivable after twenty-
four weeks (the “Covered Period”) as long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including 
payroll, benefits, rent and utilities, and maintains its payroll levels. The amount of loan forgiveness would be reduced 
if the borrower terminated employees or reduced salaries during the eight-week period. 

The PPP Loan was evidenced by a promissory  note, dated as of April 5, 2020  (the “Note”), between  the 
Company, as Borrower, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Lender (the “Lender”). The interest rate on the Note 
was 0.98% per annum, with interest accruing on the unpaid principal balance computed on the basis of the actual 
number of days elapsed in a year of 360 days. No payments of principal or interest were due during the ten-month 
period beginning after the Covered Period (the “Deferral Period”). 

On June 22, 2021, the Company applied to the SBA for full forgiveness of the PPP Loan. On June 30, 2021, 
the  Company  received  notification  that  the  forgiveness  was  granted.  The  Company  recorded  the  $1,769,000 
forgiveness as a gain on debt forgiveness during the year ended December 31, 2021. 

On October 29, 2020, the unaffiliated  Additional  Investors as  described in Note 6,  submitted irrevocable 
notices of conversion under the Tranche B Term Loan. As a result, approximately $175,000 of original principal and 
$11,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche B Term Loan were converted into 338,272 shares of Company 
common stock in full satisfaction of the underlying indebtedness. 

On  December  14,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Securities  Purchase  Agreement  (the  “Purchase 
Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Purchasers”) for the sale and issuance by the Company to the 
Purchasers of (i) an aggregate of 1,429,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock and (ii) warrants 
(the “Purchaser Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to 714,000 shares of common stock (the “Purchaser 
Warrant Shares”), for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of $1,000, before deducting placement agent fees 
and offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company also agreed to issue to the placement agents and certain 
persons affiliated with the placement agents, as additional compensation, (a) fully-vested warrants (the “Placement 
Agent Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to 100,000 shares (the “Placement Agent Warrant Shares”) of 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
common stock and (b) contingent warrants (the “Placement Agent Contingent Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate 
of up to an additional 50,000 shares (the “Placement Agent Contingent Warrant Shares”) of common stock. The 
transaction closed on December 15, 2020. 

The Purchase Agreement also includes terms that give the Purchasers certain price protections, providing for 
adjustments of the number of shares of common stock held by them in the event of certain future dilutive securities 
issuances by the Company for a period not to exceed 18 months following the closing of the private placement, or 
such earlier date on which all of the Purchaser Warrants have been exercised. In addition, the Purchase Agreement 
provides the Purchasers with a right to participate in certain future Company financings, up to 30% of the amount of 
such financings, for a period of 24 months following the closing of the private placement. The Purchase Agreement 
also required the Company to register the resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares pursuant to the terms 
of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the Purchasers, dated as of December 14, 2020, as 
further described below. The Company filed a registration statement with the SEC on January 14, 2021 to register the 
resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares, which registration statement was declared effective by the SEC 
on January 21, 2021. 

The Purchaser Warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, are exercisable beginning on December 
15, 2020, and have a term of three years. The exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon 
exercise of each Purchaser Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the event of certain stock dividends and 
distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock. The fair 
value of the Purchaser Warrants is $643,000. 

33 

In certain circumstances, upon the occurrence of a fundamental transaction, a holder of Purchaser Warrants 
is entitled to receive, upon any subsequent exercise of the Purchaser Warrant, for each Purchaser Warrant Share that 
would  have  been  issuable  upon  such  exercise  of  the  Purchaser  Warrant  immediately  prior  to  the  fundamental 
transaction, at the option of the holder, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation 
or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable as a result of the 
fundamental transaction by a holder of the number of shares of common stock of the Company for which the Purchaser 
Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to the fundamental transaction. If holders of the Company’s common stock 
are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a fundamental transaction, then the Holder 
shall be given the choice as to the additional consideration it receives upon any exercise of the Purchaser Warrant 
following the fundamental transaction. 

The Placement Agent Warrants have an exercise price of $0.70 per share, a term of five years from December 
14,  2020,  and  became  exercisable  upon  the  Company  obtaining  the  stockholder  approval  described  above.  The 
exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Warrant is 
subject  to  appropriate  adjustments  in  the  event  of  certain  stock  dividends  and  distributions,  stock  splits,  stock 
combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common  stock.  The Placement Agent  Warrants also 
provide the holders with certain “piggyback” registration rights, permitting the holders to request that the Company 
include the Placement Agent Warrant Shares for sale in certain registration statements filed by the Company. The fair 
value of the Placement Agent Warrants is $121,000. During June and July 2021, the Company received approximately 
$61,000 as 87,500 of Placement Agent Warrants were exercised. 

The Placement Agent Contingent Warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, a term of five years 
from December 14, 2020, and become exercisable if, and to the extent, holders of the Purchaser Warrants exercise 
such Purchaser Warrants. In no event, however, will the Placement Agent Contingent Warrants become exercisable 
unless and until Stockholder Approval has been obtained. The exercise price and the number of shares of common 
stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Contingent Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the 
event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events 
affecting  the  common  stock.  The  Placement  Agent  Contingent  Warrants  also  provide  the  holders  with  certain 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
“piggyback”  registration  rights,  permitting  the  holders  to  request  that  the  Company  include  the  Placement  Agent 
Contingent  Warrant  Shares for  sale  in  certain  registration  statements  filed  by  the  Company.  The  fair value of  the 
Placement Agent Contingent Warrants is $56,000. 

On January 28, 2021, the Company entered into the Third Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible 
Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “LSA Third Amendment”) with the Tranche A Parties, the Tranche 
B Parties (that had not previously converted the loans attributable to each of them into shares of common stock), the 
Agent and certain other investors (the “Tranche C  Parties”). Pursuant to  the LSA Third Amendment, the parties 
agreed to increase the aggregate loan limit under the Subordinated Loan Agreement from $1,500,000 to $1,600,000 
and the Tranche C Parties agreed to provide the Company with a commitment for a $600,000 term loan facility, all of 
which was advanced to the Company on January 29, 2021 (the “Tranche C Loans”). As is the case with the loans 
provided by the Tranche A Parties and Tranche B Parties, interest on the Tranche C Loans accrues at 12% per annum 
and is payable monthly in-kind, by the automatic increase of the principal amount of the loans on each monthly interest 
payment date, by the amount of the accrued interest payable at that time. The Company, at its option, may pay any 
interest due on the Tranche C Loans in cash on any interest payment date in lieu of PIK Interest. The Tranche C Parties 
also have the option, following Stockholder Approval (defined below) of converting the accreted principal balance of 
the Tranche C Loans attributable to each of them into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price 
of $1.00. 

Both  the  Purchase  Agreement  and  the  Subordinated  Loan  Agreement  (as  amended  by  the  LSA  Third 
Amendment) obligated the Company to call a special meeting of its stockholders to seek stockholder approval of the 
issuance of shares of its common stock issuable in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Securities 
Purchase Agreement and the LSA Third Amendment, in excess of 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of 
common  stock,  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  Section  713(a)  of  the  NYSE  American  Company  Guide. 
Stockholder approval of the foregoing was obtained on March 4, 2021. As the stock price was $1.31 on March 4, 
2021, the Company recorded a discount  of  $186,000  relating  to  the  difference  in  stock price due to  the  beneficial 
conversion feature. 

34 

The obligations of the Company under the Subordinated Loan Agreement are guaranteed by Drake and are 
secured by substantially all of the Company’s and Drake’s assets. The Subordinated Loan Agreement has a maturity 
date three years from the date of closing, at which time the accreted principal balance of the loan (by virtue of the PIK 
Interest) plus any other accrued unpaid interest, would be due and payable in full. In connection with the Subordinated 
Loan  Agreement,  the  Company,  Drake,  the  Lenders  and  MidCap  entered  into  a  Subordination  Agreement  (the 
“Subordination Agreement”), pursuant to which the rights of the Lenders under the Subordinated Loan Agreement 
were  subordinated  to  the  rights  of  MidCap  under  the  MidCap  Agreement  and  related  security  documents.  The 
Subordination Agreement precludes the Company from making cash payments of interest in lieu of PIK Interest, in 
the absence of the prior written consent of MidCap or unless the Company is able to meet certain predefined conditions 
precedent to the making of any such payments of interest (or principal), as more fully described in the Subordination 
Agreement. 

On March 15, 2021, one of the Tranche C Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the 
Tranche C Loans. As a result, $100,000 of original principal and $1,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche 
C Loans were converted into 100,987 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of the indebtedness to 
that Tranche C Party. 

On April 6, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche 
C Loans. As a result, $50,000 of original principal and $1,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans 
were  converted  into  51,260  shares  of  Company  common  stock  in  partial  satisfaction  of  the  indebtedness  to  that 
Tranche C Party. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
On May 24, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche 
C Loans. As a result, $50,000 of original principal and $2,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans 
were converted into 52,277 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

On January 21, 2022, one of the Tranche A Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the 
Tranche A Loans. As a result, $50,000 of original principal and $12,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche 
A Loans were converted into 104,399 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

On  August  16,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Sales  Agreement  (the  “Sales  Agreement”)  with  Roth 
Capital Partners, LLC (the “Agent”). In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Company may offer 
and sell from time to time through the Agent shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 
having  an  aggregate  offering  price  of  up  to  $400,000.  From  August  16,  2021  through  September  30,  2021,  the 
Company sold an aggregate of 38,388 shares under the Sales Agreement at prices ranging from $1.1053 to $1.1390 
per share, for aggregate proceeds, net of sales commissions, of approximately $41,000. 

On August 23, 2021, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) 
with an institutional investor providing for the sale by the Company to the investor of 200,000 shares of the Company’s 
common stock at a purchase price of $1.08 per share, resulting in aggregate proceeds to the Company of $216,000. 
The shares were offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3. The 
Company’s sale of the Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement will have the effect of reducing the amount of 
shares that may be sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement from $400,000 to $184,000. Taking into account sales of 
common stock pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement and sales of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement 
to date, the amount available to be sold under the Sales Agreement is currently $143,000. 

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company accrued payroll tax credits of $1,804,000 through the 
Employee  Retention  Tax  Credit  program  (“ERTC”).  The  amount  was  recorded  as  other  income  and  included  in 
prepaid and other current assets as of the applicable quarter end date. The Company received $577,000 of the first 
quarter of 2021 ERTC in April, $115,000 towards Q2 in July, $181,000 towards Q3 in August, $219,000 towards Q3 
in October and $195,000 towards Q3 in November. The ERTC was initially established as part of the CARES Act of 
2020 and subsequently amended by the Consolidated Appropriation Act (“CAA”) of 2021 and the American Rescue 
Plan Act (“ARPA”) of 2021. The CAA and ARPA amendments to the ERTC program provide eligible employers 
with a tax credit in an amount equal to 70% of qualified wages (including certain health care expenses) that eligible 
employers pay their employees after January 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021. The maximum amount of qualified 
wages taken into account with respect to each employee for each calendar quarter is $10,000, so that the maximum 
credit that an eligible employer may claim for qualified wages paid to any employee is $7,000 per quarter. For purposes 
of the amended ERTC, an eligible employer is defined as having experienced a significant (20% or more) decline in 
gross receipts during each 2021 calendar quarter when compared with the same quarter in 2019. The credit is taken 
against  the  Company’s  share  of  Social  Security  Tax  when  the  Company’s  payroll  provider  files  the  applicable 
quarterly tax filings on Form 941. At December 31, 2021, the Company is still owed $517,000 in ERTC funds of 
which the Company received $217,000 in the second and third quarters of 2022. At December 31, 2022 the Company 
is still owed $299,000 in ERTC funds. 

35 

In other efforts to alleviate the liquidity pressures and reposition the Company to generate positive cash flow 
at a lower level of net sales, since August 2019, the Company has implemented a multi-phase cost-reduction program 
which reduced cash expenses since 2019, providing annual savings of approximately $3,475,000 per year. Although 
the Company believes it has made and will continue to make progress under these programs and the funding provided 
under the Subordinated Loan Agreement and available as a result of the release of the availability block under the 
MidCap Facility, the Company operates in a rapidly evolving and often unpredictable business environment that may 
change the timing or amount of expected future cash receipts and expenditures. Accordingly, there can be no assurance 
that our planned improvements will be successful. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
In addition, the COVID-19 outbreak has affected the supply chain for many types of products and materials, 
particularly  those  being  manufactured  in  China  and  other  countries  where  the  outbreak has  resulted  in  significant 
disruptions to ongoing business activities. Beginning in the second quarter of 2021 and continuing into the first quarter 
of 2023, we experienced a material disruption in our supply chain as it relates to the procurement of certain sole source 
and other multiple source components utilized in a material portion of several product lines. We believe this disruption 
may continue beyond 2023. If these or any similar types of supply disruptions continue, it is possible that we will be 
unable to complete sales of any affected products to our customers on requested schedules. 

The Company has reacted to these unprecedented circumstances, as many enterprises have had to do over 
the  course  of  the  pandemic,  with  a  range  of  actions  designed  to  compensate  for  anticipated  temporary  revenue 
shortfalls,  manage  the  Company’s  working  capital  and  minimize  the  overall  financial  impact  of  this  disruption, 
including implementation of exceptional short-term operating expense reductions, such as temporary manufacturing 
shut-downs and employee furloughs. 

The  Company  expects  to  use  cash  generated  from operations  to  meet  its  long-term  debt  obligations.  The 
Company  also  expects  to  make  financed  and  unfinanced  long-term  capital  expenditures  from  time  to  time  in  the 
ordinary course of business, which capital expenditures were $48,000 and $31,000 in the years ended December 31, 
2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company expects to use cash generated from operations, amounts available under 
the MidCap Facility, amounts available under the Subordinated Loan Facility, and purchase-money financing to meet 
any anticipated long-term capital expenditures. 

Critical Accounting Estimates 

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted 
in  the  United  States.  Preparing  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles 
requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of 
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The following paragraphs include a discussion of some critical 
areas where estimates are required. You should also review Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in 
the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of significant accounting policies. 

Inventory and Obsolescence 

Inventories  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  cost,  determined  by  the  first-in,  first-out  (“FIFO”)  method,  or  net 

realizable value. 

The Company periodically analyzes anticipated product sales based on historical results, current backlog and 
marketing plans. Based on these analyses, the Company anticipates that certain products will not be sold during the 
next twelve months. Inventories that are not anticipated to be sold in the next twelve months, have been classified as 
non-current. 

The Company continually analyzes its slow-moving and excess inventories. Based on historical and projected 
sales volumes and anticipated selling prices, the Company establishes reserves. Inventory that is in excess of current 
and projected use is reduced by an allowance to a level that approximates its estimate of future demand. Products that 
are determined to be obsolete are written down to net realizable value. 

36 

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company sells its products 
primarily  to  distributors  and  private  cable  operators.  The  Company  performs  continuing  credit  evaluations  of  its 
customers’ financial condition and although the Company generally does not require collateral, letters of credit may 
be required from its customers in certain circumstances. 

Senior  management  reviews  accounts  receivable  on  a  monthly  basis  to  determine  if  any  receivables  will 
potentially  be  uncollectible.  The  Company  includes  any  accounts  receivable  balances  that  are  determined  to  be 
uncollectible,  along  with  a  general  reserve  based  on  historical  experience,  in  its  overall  allowance  for  doubtful 
accounts. 

Long-Lived Assets 

The  Company  continually  monitors  events  and  changes  in  circumstances  that  could  indicate  carrying 
amounts of the long-lived assets, including intangible assets may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in 
circumstances occur, the Company assesses recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets 
will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less 
than the carrying amount of these assets, an impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount 
over the fair value of the assets. The Company did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in 2022 and 
2021, respectively. 

Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of the FASB ASC Topic 740 “Income Taxes”. 
Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in the recognition of certain income and expenses for 
financial  and  tax  reporting  purposes.  Valuation  allowances  are  established  when  necessary  to  reduce  deferred  tax 
assets to the amount expected to be realized. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

See  Note  1  -  Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  in  the  Notes  to  our  Consolidated  Financial 

Statements. 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies. 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

Incorporated  by  reference  from  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  notes  thereto  of  the  Company, 

which are attached hereto beginning on page F-1. 

ITEM  9.  CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 

Not applicable. 

37 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
The  Company  maintains  a  system  of  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  designed  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted pursuant to Rules 13a-
15(e) and 15d-15(e) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, 
summarized and reported within the time periods specified  in  the rules and  forms  of the  Securities  and Exchange 
Commission.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures  designed  to 
ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal 
executive  officer  and  principal  financial  officer,  as  appropriate,  to  allow  timely  decisions  regarding  required 
disclosure. The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, 
including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the design and operation of the Company’s 
disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the 
Company’s  principal  executive  officer  and  principal  financial  officer  concluded  that  the  Company’s  disclosure 
controls and procedures were effective at December 31, 2022. 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control 
over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those 
systems  determined  to  be  effective  can  provide  only  reasonable  assurance  with  respect  to  financial  statement 
preparation and presentation. 

The  Company’s  management  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2022. In making this assessment, it used the 2013 criteria set forth by the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based 
on this assessment the Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022 the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting is effective based on those criteria. 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm 
regarding  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Management’s  report  was  not  subject  to  attestation  by  the 
Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission for 
Smaller Reporting Companies that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting. 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS 

Not applicable. 

38 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
PART III 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

The information relating to our Board of Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance required 
by this item is incorporated by reference to our 2023 proxy statement, to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year 
end (December 31, 2022) and such information is incorporated herein by reference. 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

Information  about  director  and  executive  officer  compensation  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the 
discussion under the headings “Directors’ Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” in the Company’s proxy 
statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end (December 
31, 2022). 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

Information  about  security  ownership  of  certain  beneficial  owners  and  management  is  incorporated  by 
reference from the discussion under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” 
in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days of our 
fiscal year end (December 31, 2022). 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE 

Information about certain relationships and transactions with related parties is incorporated by reference from 
the discussion under the heading “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in the Company’s proxy statement 
for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Information about the independence of each director or nominee for 
director of the Company during 2022 is incorporated by reference from the discussion under the heading “Corporate 
Governance and Board Matters” in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to 
be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end (December 31, 2022). 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 

Information about procedures related to the engagement of the independent registered public accountants and 
fees  and  services  paid  to  the  independent  registered  public  accountants  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the 
discussion under the headings “Audit and Other Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and 
“Pre-Approval  Policy  for  Services  by  Independent  Registered  Public  Accounting  Firm”  in  the  Company’s  proxy 
statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

39 

PART IV 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

(a)(1)  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB No. 688) 

F-2 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021  

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 

2022 and 2021 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

(a)(2)  Financial Statement Schedules. 

F-3 

F-4 

F-5 

F-6 

F-7 

All  schedules  for  which  provision  is  made  in  the  applicable  accounting  regulations  of  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission are not required under the applicable instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been 
omitted. 

(a)(3)  Exhibits. 

The exhibits are listed in the Index to Exhibits appearing below and are filed herewith or are incorporated by 

reference to exhibits previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

(b) 

Index to Exhibits: 

Exhibit 
No. 
3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

  Description 
  Restated  Certificate  of 
Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 

Incorporation  of 

  Location 
  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s 
S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-98070, originally filed 
October 12, 1995, as amended. 

  Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  Blonder 
Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 

  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 23, 2018. 

  Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  Blonder 
Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 

  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 20, 2018. 

4.1 

  Specimen of stock certificate. 

  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant’s 
S-1  Registration Statement No. 33-98070, filed  October 
12, 1995, as amended. 

4.2 

  Description of Securities. 

  Filed herewith. 

40 

Exhibit 
No. 
4.3 

  Description 
  Form  of  Purchaser  Common  Stock  Purchase 
Warrant.  

  Location 
  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  4.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 
16, 2020. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
    
    
4.4 

4.5 

  Form  of  Placement  Agent  Common  Stock 
Purchase Warrant. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  4.2  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 
16, 2020. 

  Form of Placement Agent Contingent Common 
Stock Purchase Warrant. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  4.3  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 
16, 2020. 

4.6 

  Warrant to VFT Special Ventures, Ltd.  

  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to Registrant’s 
Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-3  filed  January  14, 
2021. 

4.7 

10.1 

  Form  of  Placement  Agent  Common  Stock 
Purchase Warrant. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  4.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 
1, 2021. 

  Form  of  Indemnification  Agreement  entered 
into  by  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  in 
favor of each of its Directors and Officers. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 
14, 2013. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

10.2 

  Bargaining Unit Pension Plan. 

10.3* 

  Executive Officer Bonus Plan. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period 
ending December 31, 2013, filed March 31, 2014. 

from  Exhibit  10.9 

reference 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period ended March 31, 1997, filed May 13, 1997. 

from  Exhibit  10.3 

reference 

10.4* 

10.5* 

10.6* 

10.7* 

Exhibit 
No. 
10.8* 

  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  2005 
Employee  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
and restated. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Definitive  Proxy  Statement  for  its  2014 
Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed April 21, 2014. 

from  Appendix  A 

reference 

  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  2005 
Director  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
and restated. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Definitive  Proxy  Statement  for  its  2014 
Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed April 21, 2014. 

from  Appendix  B 

reference 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Employee Equity Incentive Plan. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period ending June 30, 2005, filed August 15, 2005. 

from  Exhibit  10.3 

reference 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Director Equity Incentive Plan.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.24 
to 
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period 
ending December 31, 2007, filed March 31, 2008. 

41 

  Description 
  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Employee  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
November 3, 2010. 

  Location 
to 
  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.18 
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period 
ending December 31, 2010, filed March 21, 2011. 

  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
10.9* 

10.10* 

10.11* 

10.12* 

10.13* 

10.14* 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Director  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
November 3, 2010. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.19 
to 
Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period 
ending December 31, 2010, filed March 21, 2011. 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Employee  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
May 18, 2011. 

to 
  Incorporated  by 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 20, 
2011. 

from  Exhibit  99.1 

reference 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Director  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
May 18, 2011. 

to 
  Incorporated  by 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 20, 
2011. 

from  Exhibit  99.2 

reference 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Employee  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
and restated. 

to 
  Incorporated  by 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period ending June 30, 2014, filed August 14, 2014. 

from  Exhibit  10.4 

reference 

  Form  of  Option  Agreement  under  the  2005 
Director  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended 
and restated. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period ending June 30, 2014, filed August 14, 2014. 

from  Exhibit  10.5 

reference 

  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  Executive 
Stock Purchase Plan. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 20, 
2014. 

from  Exhibit  99.1 

reference 

10.15* 

  Director Stock Purchase Plan.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 23, 
2015. 

from  Exhibit  99.1 

reference 

10.16* 

10.17* 

10.18 

10.19* 

10.20 

  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  2016 
Employee Equity Incentive Plan. 

  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to Registrant’s 
Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-8,  filed  August  25, 
2016. 

  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  2016 
Director Equity Incentive Plan.  

  Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to Registrant’s 
Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-8,  filed  August  25, 
2016. 

  Agreement  of  Sale  dated  August  3,  2018 
between  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc. 
and Jake Brown Rd LLC. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 6, 
2018. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

  Letter  Agreement  between  Blonder  Tongue 
Laboratories, Inc. and Ronald V. Alterio.  

reference 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period  ending  September  30,  2018,  filed  November  14, 
2018. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

  Sale  Agreement  Extension  dated  as  of 
September 20, 2018, between Blonder Tongue 
Laboratories, Inc. and Jake Brown Rd LLC.  

  Incorporated  by 
reference 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K, 
September 21, 2018. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

to 
filed 

42 

  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
Exhibit 
No. 
10.21 

10.22* 

10.23 

10.24 

  Description 
  Second  Amendment  to  Agreement  of  Sale 
dated October 8, 2018. 

  Location 
  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s amended Current Report on Form 8-K, filed 
October 9, 2018. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

  Letter  Agreement  between  Blonder  Tongue 
Laboratories, Inc. and Edward R. Grauch.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
30, 2018. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

  Third Amendment to Agreement of Sale dated 
January 30, 2019. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed  January 
31, 2019. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

  Loan  and  Security  Agreement  dated  as  of 
October  25,  2019  by  and  between  MidCap 
Business  Credit  LLC,  Blonder  Tongue 
Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC 
and Blonder Tongue Far East, LLC.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
30, 2019. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

10.25 

  Form of Revolving Note. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
30, 2019. 

from  Exhibit  10.2 

reference 

10.26 

10.27 

10.28 

10.29 

10.30 

10.31 

  Pledge  and  Security  Agreement  dated  as  of 
October  25,  2019  by  and  between  Blonder 
Inc.  and  MidCap 
Tongue  Laboratories, 
Business Credit LLC.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
30, 2019. 

from  Exhibit  10.3 

reference 

  Patent  and  Trademark  Security  Agreement 
dated as of October 25, 2019 by and between 
Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake 
Holdings,  LLC  and  MidCap  Business  Credit 
LLC.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
30, 2019. 

from  Exhibit  10.4 

reference 

  Continuing  Guaranty  dated  as  of  October  25, 
2019 of Blonder Tongue Far East, LLC and R. 
L.  Drake  Holdings,  LLC,  as  Guarantors,  in 
favor of MidCap Business Credit LLC.  

to 
  Incorporated  by 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
30, 2019. 

from  Exhibit  10.5 

reference 

  Deferred Compensation Agreement dated as of 
December 29, 2019 between Blonder  Tongue 
Laboratories, Inc. and Edward R. Grauch.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 6, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

  Senior  Subordinated  Convertible  Loan  and 
Security Agreement dated as of April 8, 2020 
by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, 
Inc.,  the  parties  identified  therein  as  Lenders 
and the party identified therein as Agent.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 
2020. 

  Consent  and  Amendment  to Loan  Agreement 
and Loan Documents dated as of April 8, 2020 
by and among MidCap Business  Credit LLC, 
Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake 
Holdings, LLC, and Blonder Tongue Far East, 
LLC.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.2  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 
2020. 

  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
43 

  Description 
  Subordination Agreement dated as of April 8, 
2020 by and between MidCap Business Credit 
LLC, the party identified therein as the Junior 
Creditor,  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc., 
R.  L.  Drake  Holdings,  LLC,  and  Blonder 
Tongue Far East, LLC.  

  Location 
  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.3  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 
2020. 

  Continuing Guaranty of R. L. Drake Holdings, 
LLC, dated as of April 8, 2020, in favor of the 
parties  identified  therein  as  Lenders  and  the 
party identified therein as Agent.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.4 

reference 

  Patent  and  Trademark  Security  Agreement 
dated  as  of  April  8,  2020  by  and  between 
Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake 
Holdings, LLC, and party identified therein as 
Agent.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.5 

reference 

  Amendment  No.  1  to  Second  Amended  and 
Restated Executive Stock Purchase Plan.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.2 

reference 

  First  Amendment 
to  Senior  Subordinated 
Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and 
Joinder,  dated  as  of  April  24,  2020  by  and 
between  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc., 
the parties identified therein as Lenders and the 
party identified therein as Agent.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 27, 
2020. 

  Form  of  Deferred  Compensation  Agreement 
for certain Executive Officers.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 19, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

reference 

  Form  of  Deferred  Compensation  Agreement 
for certain Executive Officers.  

  Incorporated  by 
reference 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K, 
September 4, 2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.1 

to 
filed 

  Second  Amended  and  Restated  Executive 
Stock Purchase Plan. 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
14, 2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.2 

reference 

  Amendment  No.  1  Second  Amended  and 
Restated Executive Stock Purchase Plan.  

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
14, 2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.2 

reference 

Exhibit 
No. 
10.32 

10.33 

10.34 

10.35* 

10.36 

10.37* 

10.38* 

10.39* 

10.40* 

  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
10.41* 

10.42* 

10.43* 

10.44* 

Exhibit 
No. 
10.45 

10.46* 

10.47 

10.48 

10.49* 

  Third  Amended  and  Restated  Director  Stock 
Purchase Plan.  

reference 

to 
  Incorporated  by 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period  ending  September  30,  2020,  filed  November  12, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.4 

  Amendment  No.  1  to  Third  Amended  and 
Restated Director Stock Purchase Plan.  

reference 

to 
  Incorporated  by 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period  ending  September  30,  2020,  filed  November  12, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.5 

  Amendment  No.  2  to  2016  Director  Equity 
Incentive Plan. 

reference 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period  ending  September  30,  2020,  filed  November  12, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.6 

  Amendment  No.  3  to  2016  Employee  Equity 
Incentive Plan. 

reference 

  Incorporated  by 
to 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  for  the 
period  ending  September  30,  2020,  filed  November  12, 
2020. 

from  Exhibit  10.7 

44 

  Description 
  Second  Amendment  to  Senior  Subordinated 
Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and 
Joinder, dated as of December 28, 2020 by and 
between  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc., 
the parties identified therein as Lenders and the 
party identified therein as Agent.  

  Location 
  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December
29, 2020. 

  Deferred  Compensation  Agreement,  Dated  as 
of December 30, 2020. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 
30, 2020. 

  Second  Amendment 
Dated as of January 8, 2021. 

to  Loan  Agreement, 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed  January 
11, 2021. 

  Third  Amendment  to  Senior  Subordinated 
Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and 
Joinder,  dated  as  of  January  28,  2021  by  and 
between  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc., 
the parties identified therein as Lenders and the 
party identified therein as Agent.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 
1, 2021. 

  Omnibus Amendment to Non-Qualified Stock 
Option Agreements.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 11, 
2021. 

  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
10.50 

10.51 

10.52 

10.53 

10.54 

  Third  Amendment 
effective as of June 14, 2021. 

to  Loan  Agreement, 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 15, 
2021. 

  Fourth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated 
July 30, 2021. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 2, 
2021. 

  Sales  Agreement  dated  August  16,  2021, 
between  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc. 
and Roth Capital Partners, LLC.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  1.1  to  the 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  August 
16, 2021. 

  Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of August 
between  Blonder  Tongue 
23, 
Laboratories, Inc. and Cavalry Fund I LP.  

2021, 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  August 
23, 2021. 

  Fifth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement,  dated 
August 26, 2021. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  August 
30, 2021. 

10.55** 

  Promissory Note dated August 24, 2021. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.2  to  the 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  August 
30, 2021. 

45 

Exhibit 
No. 
10.56 

  Description 
  Stock  Purchase  Agreement  dated  as  of 
November 15, 2021 between Blonder Tongue 
Laboratories, Inc. and Cavalry Fund I LP.  

  Location 
  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K, 
filed 
November 11, 2021. 

10.57* 

  Form of Deferred Compensation Agreement.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 
14, 2021. 

10.58 

10.59 

10.60 

10.61 

  Sixth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement,  dated 
December 16, 2021.  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 
17, 2021. 

  Seventh  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement, 
dated February 11, 2022  

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 
15, 2022. 

  Eighth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated 
March 3, 2022 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 4, 
2022. 

  Ninth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement,  dated 
April 5, 2022 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 8, 
2022. 

  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
10.62 

10.63 

10.64 

10.65 

10.66 

  Tenth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated 
May 5, 2022 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  May  5, 
2022. 

  Eleventh  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement, 
dated June 14, 2022 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 15, 
2022. 

  Twelfth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement, 
dated July 1, 2022 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  July  6, 
2022. 

  Thirteenth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement, 
dated October 25, 2022 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 
31, 2022. 

  Fourteenth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement, 
dated October 28, 2022. 

  Incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
filed 
Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K, 
November 3, 2022. 

46 

Exhibit 
No. 
21 

  Description 
  Subsidiaries of Blonder Tongue  

  Location 
  Filed herewith. 

23.1 

  Consent of Marcum LLP. 

  Filed herewith. 

31.1 

31.2 

32.1 

32.2 

  Principal  Executive  Officer  Certification 
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, 
as  adopted  pursuant  to  Section  302  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

  Filed herewith. 

  Principal  Financial  Officer  Certification 
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, 
as  adopted  pursuant  to  Section  302  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

  Filed herewith. 

  Principal  Executive  Officer  Certification 
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, 
as  adopted  pursuant  to  Section  906  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

  Furnished herewith. 

  Principal  Financial  Officer  Certification 
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, 
as  adopted  pursuant  to  Section  906  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

101.INS 

  XBRL  Instance  Document  -  the  instance 
document  does  not  appear  in  the  Interactive 

  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded 
within the Inline XBRL document. 

101.SCH    Inline  XBRL  Taxonomy  Extension  Schema 

Document. 

101.CAL    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation 

Linkbase Document. 

101.DEF    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition 

Linkbase Document. 

101.LAB    Inline  XBRL  Taxonomy  Extension  Label 

Linkbase Document. 

101.PRE    Inline 

XBRL 

Taxonomy 

Extension 

Presentation Linkbase Document. 

104 

  Cover  Page  Interactive  Data  File--the  cover 
page interactive data file does not appear in the 
Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are 
embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 

* 

Indicates management contracts or compensation plans or arrangements. 

**  Certain  confidential  information  contained  in  this  exhibit,  market  by  brackets,  has  been  omitted  because  the 

information (i) is not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if disclosed. 

(c) 

Financial Statement Schedules: 

All  schedules  for  which  provision  is  made  in  the  applicable  accounting  regulations  of  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission are not required under the applicable instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been 
omitted. 

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY 

None. 

47 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB No.688)  
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021  
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 

   Page 
F-2 
F-3 
F-4 

and 2021 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021  

F-5 
F-6 

  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

F-7 

F-1 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of 
Blonder Tongue Laboratories Inc. and Subsidiaries 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  (the 
“Company”) and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations 
and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 
31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 
2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 
2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Explanatory Paragraph – Going Concern 
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as 
a  going  concern.  As  more fully  described  in  Note  1,  the Company  has  a  working  capital  deficiency,  has  incurred 
significant losses and needs to raise additional funds to meet its obligations and sustain its operations. These conditions 
raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to 
these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that 
might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. 
Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of 
the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audits  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, 
an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding 
of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, 
whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also 
included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as 
evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis 
for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matters 

Critical  audit  matters  are  matters  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  financial  statements  that  were 
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex 
judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.  

/s/ Marcum LLP 

Marcum LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005. 

New York, NY 
April 17, 2023 

F-2 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(In thousands, except per share data) 

Assets 
Current assets: 

Cash 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $216 and $240 as of 

  $

79    $

274  

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively 

Inventories 
Prepaid and other current assets 

Total current assets 

Property, plant and equipment, net 
License agreements, net 
Intangible assets, net 
Goodwill 
Right of use assets, net 
Other assets, net 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 

Current liabilities: 
Line of credit 
Current portion of long-term debt 
Current portion of lease liability 
Accounts payable 
Accrued compensation 
Accrued benefit pension liability 
Income taxes payable 
Other accrued expenses 

Total current liabilities 

Subordinated convertible debt with related parties 
Lease liability, net of current portion 
Long-term debt, net of current portion 

Total liabilities 

  $

  $

3,389      
3,966      
533      
7,967      
238      
3      
741      
493      
4,778      
785      
15,005    $

4,387    $
70      
569      
2,431      
368      
161      
24      
145      
8,155      
1,549      
4,093      
134      
13,931      

1,765  
4,854  
785  
7,678  
290  
7  
755  
493  
1,984  
703  
11,910  

2,400  
71  
826  
2,264  
298  
16  
34  
151  
6,060  
1,372  
993  
200  
8,625  

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
     
   
  
     
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
       
   
    
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
Commitments and contingencies 
Stockholders’ equity: 

Preferred stock, $.001 par value; authorized 5,000 shares; no shares outstanding as of 

December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively 

Common stock, $.001 par value; authorized 25,000 shares, 13,349 and 13,011 shares 

issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively 

Paid-in capital 
Accumulated deficit 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Total stockholders’ equity 

-      

-      

-  

-  

13      
32,275      
(30,230)     
(984)     
1,074      
15,005    $

13  
31,513  
(27,310) 
(931) 
3,285  
11,910  

  $

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

F-3 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 
(In thousands, except per share data) 

Statements of Operations 
Net sales 
Cost of goods sold 
Gross profit 

Operating expenses: 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative 
Research and development 

Loss from operations 
Gain on debt forgiveness 
Other income 
Interest expense, net 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Net earnings (loss) 

Net earnings (loss) per share, basic 

Net earnings (loss) per share, diluted 

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic 

Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted 

Statements of Comprehensive Loss 
Net earnings (loss) 
Changes in accumulated unrealized pension losses, net of taxes 
Comprehensive income (loss) 

Years ended 
December 31 

2022 

2021 

  $

18,115    $
12,652      
5,463      

15,754  
9,896  
5,858  

1,995      
3,821      
1,778      
7,594      
(2,131)     
-      
-      
(789)     
(2,920)     
-      
(2,920)   $

(0.22)   $

(0.22)   $

2,459  
3,767  
2,592  
8,818  
(2,960) 
1,769  
1,804  
(514) 
99  
15  
84  

0.01  

0.02  

13,281      

12,151  

13,281      

15,450  

(2,920)   $
(53)     
(2,973)   $

84  
21  
105  

  $

  $

  $

  $

    
    
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
      
  
    
    
    
       
   
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
   
    
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

F-4 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 and 2021 
(In thousands) 

    Accumulated     
Other 

Balance at January 1, 2021 

Net earnings 
Recognized pension loss, net of taxes 
Issuance of stock, net of offering costs 
Exercised stock options 
Exercised stock warrants 
Stock awards for directors’ fees and 

employee compensation 

Subordinated convertible debt discount 
Conversion of subordinated convertible 

debt 

Stock-based Compensation 
Balance at December 31, 2021 

Net loss 
Recognized pension Loss, net of taxes 
Stock awards for directors’ fees and 

employee compensation 

Conversion of subordinated convertible 

debt 

Stock-based Compensation 
Balance at December 31, 2022 

  Common Stock     Paid-in   Accumulated    Comprehensive    
  Shares    Amount    Capital    Deficit 
   11,558  $
-    
-    
788    
55    
87    

12  $ 29,571  $ 
-    
-    
491    
11    
61    

(27,394) $ 
84     
-     
-     
-     
-     

    Total    
(952) $ 1,237  
84  
21  
492  
11  
61  

-     
21     
-     
-     
-     

-    
-    
1    
-    
-    

Loss 

318    
-    

-    
-    

427    
186    

-     
-     

-     
-     

427  
186  

205    
-    
   13,011  $
-    
-    

-    
-    

204    
562    
13  $ 31,513  $ 
-    
-    

-    
-    

-     
-     
(27,310) $ 
(2,920)   
-     

-     
-     

204  
562  
(931) $ 3,285  
-      (2,920)
(53)

(53)   

234    

-    

129    

-     

-     

129  

104    
-    
   13,349  $

-    
-    

62    
571    
13  $ 32,275  $ 

-     
-     
(30,230) $ 

-     
-     

62  
571  
(984) $ 1,074  

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

F-5 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(In thousands) 

Years ended 
December 31, 

  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Cash Flows From Operating Activities: 

Net earnings (loss) 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to cash used in operating activities: 

  $

(2,920)   $

84  

2022 

2021 

Gain on debt forgiveness 
Loss on disposal of right of use assets 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Stock-based compensation expense 
(Recovery) provision for doubtful accounts 
Provision for inventory reserves 
Fair value adjustment for stock awards 
Non cash pension expense 
Amortization of loan fees 
Amortization of subordinated debt discount 
Non cash interest expense 
Amortization of right to use assets 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

Accounts receivable 
Inventories 
Prepaid and other current assets 
Lease liability 
Other assets 
Income taxes payable 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and accrued compensation 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities: 

Capital expenditures 
Acquisition of licenses 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities: 

Net borrowings on line of credit 
Repayments of debt 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 
Proceeds from exercise of stock warrants 
Payments on promissory notes 
Borrowings of subordinated convertible debt 
Proceeds of stock offering, net of offering costs 

Net cash provided by financing activities 

Net increase (decrease) in cash 
Cash, beginning of year 
Cash, end of year 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information: 

Cash paid for interest 
Cash paid for income taxes 

Non cash investing and financing activities: 

Capital expenditures financed by notes payable 
Stock paid to officers and directors in lieu of cash 
Conversion of subordinated convertible debt to common stock 
Right of use assets obtained by lease obligations 

-      
-      
100      
25      
571      
(24)     
345      
(21)     
92      
60      
63      
176      
766      

(1,600)     
543      
253      
(718)     
(142)     
(10)     
1,059      
(1,382)     

(48)     
(7)     
(55)     

1,987      
(67)     
-      
-      
(678)     
-      
-      
1,242      
(195)     
274      
79    $

453    $
10    $

-    $
129    $
62    $
3,560    $

(1,769) 
3  
110  
230  
562  
(35) 
-  
163  
20  
60  
108  
163  
801  

11  
(791) 
(554) 
(787) 
(8) 
6  
456  
(1,167) 

(31) 
(55) 
(86) 

255  
(61) 
11  
61  
-  
700  
492  
1,458  
205  
69  
274  

179  
-  

276  
264  
204  
60  

  $

  $
  $

  $
  $
  $
  $

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

  
  
    
  
  
    
      
  
    
      
  
    
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
   
    
    
    
    
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
   
    
       
   
  
  
F-6 

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

(a) The Company and Basis of Consolidation 

Blonder  Tongue  Laboratories,  Inc.  (together  with  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  the  “Company”)  is  a 
technology-development  and manufacturing  company  that  delivers  television  signal  encoding,  transcoding,  digital 
transport, and broadband product solutions to the markets the Company serves, including the telecommunications, 
fiber  optic  and  cable  service  provider  markets,  MDU  market,  the  lodging/hospitality  market  and  the  institutional 
market, including campuses, hospitals, prisons and schools, primarily throughout the United States and Canada. The 
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and its wholly-owned 
subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

(b) Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of less than three months at purchase 
to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents at December 31, 2022 and 2021. Cash balances 
at financial institutions are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). At times, cash and cash 
equivalents may be uninsured or in deposit accounts that exceed the FDIC insurance limit. Periodically, the Company 
evaluates the creditworthiness of the financial institutions and evaluates its credit exposure. 

(c) Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful accounts 

Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company sells its products 
primarily  to  distributors  and  private  cable  operators.  The  Company  performs  continuing  credit  evaluations  of  its 
customers’ financial condition and although the Company generally does not require collateral, letters of credit may 
be required from its customers in certain circumstances. 

Senior  management  reviews  accounts  receivable  on  a  monthly  basis  to  determine  if  any  receivables  will 
potentially  be  uncollectible.  The  Company  includes  any  accounts  receivable  balances  that  are  determined  to  be 
uncollectible,  along  with  a  general  reserve  based  on  historical  experience,  in  its  overall  allowance  for  doubtful 
accounts. 

(d) Inventories 

Inventories  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  cost,  determined  by  the  first-in,  first-out  (“FIFO”)  method,  or  net 

realizable value. 

The Company periodically analyzes anticipated product sales based on historical results, current backlog and 
marketing plans. Based on these analyses, the Company anticipates that certain products will not be sold during the 
next twelve months. Inventories that are not anticipated to be sold in the next twelve months, have been classified as 
non-current. 

The Company continually analyzes its slow-moving and excess inventories. Based on historical and projected 
sales volumes and anticipated selling prices, the Company establishes reserves. Inventory that is in excess of current 
and projected use is reduced by an allowance to a level that approximates its estimate of future demand. Products that 
are determined to be obsolete are written down to net realizable value. 

(e) Property, Plant and Equipment, Net 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The Company provides for 
depreciation  generally  on  the  straight-line  method  based  upon  estimated  useful  lives  of  3  to  5  years  for  office 
equipment, 5 to 7 years for furniture and fixtures, 10 years for building improvements and 6 to 10 years for machinery 
and equipment. 

(f) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

The  Company  accounts  for  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  in  accordance  with  Accounting  Standards 
Codification (“ASC”) ASC 350 Intangibles - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“ASC 350”). ASC 350 requires 
that goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives be tested for impairment annually or on an interim basis if 
events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of an asset has decreased below its carrying value. 

F-7 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business 
combinations.  Accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  (“GAAP”) requires  that goodwill  be 
tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an 
annual basis and between annual tests when circumstances indicate that the recoverability of the carrying amount of 
goodwill may be in doubt. Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including the identification 
of  reporting  units,  assigning  assets  and  liabilities  to  reporting  units,  assigning  goodwill  to  reporting  units,  and 
determining  the fair value.  Significant  judgment  is  required  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  reporting  units  including 
estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and other assumptions. Changes in these estimates 
and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and/or goodwill impairment. 

The Company’s business includes one goodwill reporting unit. The Company annually reviews goodwill for 
possible impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value of the assets. If the fair 
value exceeds the carrying value of the net asset, no goodwill impairment is deemed to exist. If the fair value does not 
exceed  the  carrying  value,  goodwill  is  tested  for  impairment  and  written  down  to  its  implied  fair  value  if  it  is 
determined  to be  impaired.  The  Company performed  its  annual  goodwill  impairment  test  on  December  31,  2022. 
Based upon its qualitative assessment, the Company determined that goodwill was not impaired. 

The Company considers its trade name to have an indefinite life and in accordance with ASC 350, will not 

be amortized and will be reviewed annually for impairment. 

(g) Long-Lived Assets 

The  Company  continually  monitors  events  and  changes  in  circumstances  that  could  indicate  carrying 
amounts of the long-lived assets, including intangible assets may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in 
circumstances occur, the Company assesses recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets 
will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less 
than the carrying amount of these assets, an impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount 
over the fair value of the assets. The Company did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in 2022 and 
2021. 

(h) Use of Estimates 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates 
and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and 
liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the 
reporting period. The Company’s significant estimates include stock compensation and reserves related to accounts 
receivable, inventory and deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
(i) Royalty and License Expense 

The Company records royalty expense, as applicable, when the related products are sold. Royalty expense is 
recorded as a component of selling expenses. Royalty expense was $20 and $18 for the years ended December 31, 
2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company amortizes license fees over the life of the relevant contract. 

License agreements are carried at cost less accumulated amortization as follows: 

License agreements 
Accumulated amortization 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

6,146    $
(6,143)     
3    $

6,139  
(6,132) 
7  

Amortization of license fees is computed utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 
1 to 2 years. Amortization expense for license fees was $11 and $58 in the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
respectively. Amortization expense for license fees is projected to be approximately $7 in the year ending December 
31, 2023. 

F-8 

(j) Foreign Exchange 

The Company uses the United States dollar as its functional and reporting currency since the majority of the 
Company’s  revenues,  expenses,  assets  and  liabilities  are  in  the  United  States  and  the  focus  of  the  Company’s 
operations is in that country. Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate at the 
balance sheet date. Revenues and  expenses are translated at average  rates  of exchange during  the year.  Gains and 
losses  from  foreign  currency  transactions  and  translation  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022  and  2021  and 
cumulative translation gains and losses as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were not material to the financial statements 
taken as a whole. 

(k) Research and Development 

Research and development expenditures for the Company’s projects are expensed as incurred. Research and 
development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, and other headcount-
related expenses associated with product development. 

(l) Revenue Recognition 

The Company generates revenue through the sale of products and services. 

Revenue  is  recognized  based  on  the  following  steps:  (i)  identification  of  contract  with  customer;  (ii) 
determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction 
price  to  the  performance  obligations;  and  (v)  recognition  of  revenue  when  (or  as)  the  Company  satisfies  each 
performance obligation. 

Revenue from the sale of products  and  services is  recorded when the performance  obligation  is fulfilled, 
usually at the time of shipment or when the service is provided, at the net sales price (transaction price). Estimates of 
variable consideration, such as volume discounts and rebates, are reviewed and revised periodically by management. 
The Company elected to present revenue net of sales tax and other similar taxes and account for shipping and handling 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
activities as fulfillment costs rather than separate performance obligations. Payments are typically due in 30 days, 
following  delivery  of  products  or  completion  of  services.  The  Company  provides  a  three-year  warranty  on  most 
products. Warranty expense was de minimis in the two years ended December 31, 2022. 

(m) Stock-based compensation 

The Company computes stock-based compensation in accordance with authoritative guidance. The Company 
uses  the  Black-Scholes-Merton  option  pricing  model  to  determine  the  fair  value  of  its  stock  options.  The  Black-
Scholes-Merton option-pricing model includes various assumptions, including the fair market value of the common 
stock of the Company, expected life of stock options, the expected volatility and the expected risk-free interest rate, 
among others. These assumptions reflect the Company’s best estimates, but they involve inherent uncertainties based 
on market conditions generally outside the control of the Company. Forfeitures are recorded when they occur. 

(n) Income Taxes 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board 
(“FASB”) ASC Topic 740 “Income Taxes” (“ASC Topic 740”). Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary 
differences  in  the  recognition  of  certain  income  and  expenses  for  financial  and  tax  reporting  purposes.  Valuation 
allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. 

The Company will classify as income tax expense any interest and penalties recognized in accordance with 
ASC Topic 740. The Company files income tax returns primarily in the United States and New Jersey, along with 
certain other jurisdictions. 

(o) Net Earnings (loss) Per Share 

Net earnings (loss) per share is calculated in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 
ASC Topic 260 “Earnings Per Share,” which provides for the calculation of “basic” and “diluted” net earnings (loss) 
per share. Basic net earnings (loss) per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net earnings (loss) by 
the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  the  period.  Diluted  net  earnings  (loss)  per  share 
reflect,  in  periods  in  which  they  have  a  dilutive  effect,  the  effect  of  potential  issuances  of  common  shares.  The 
Company calculates diluted net earnings per share using the treasury stock method for warrants and options and the if 
converted method for convertible debt. 

F-9 

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the year ended 

December 31, 2021: 

Income  
(Numerator)     

Shares  
(Denominator)    

Per-Share 
Amount    

Basic EPS 
Effect of dilutive securities 

Convertible debt 
Warrants 
Options 
Diluted EPS 

  $

       84      

12,151      

0.01  

271      
-      
-      
355      

2,142      
48      
1,109      
15,450      

  $

0.02  

The diluted share base excludes the following potential common shares due to their antidilutive effect for the 

years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
       
       
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
  
Stock options 
Warrants 
Convertible debt 

(p) Other Comprehensive loss 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

4,718      
890      
2,297      
7,905      

712  
-  
-  
712  

Comprehensive loss is a measure of income which includes both net loss and other comprehensive loss. Other 
comprehensive  loss  results  from  items  deferred  from  recognition  into  the  statement  of  operations  and  principally 
consists of unrecognized pension losses net of taxes. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is separately presented 
on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as part of stockholders’ equity. 

(q) Leases 

The Company accounts for leases under FASB ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”). Topic 842 provides 
a  number  of  optional  practical  expedients  and  accounting  policy  elections.  The  Company  elected  the  package  of 
practical expedients requiring no reassessment of whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, the 
lease classification of any expired or existing leases, or initial direct costs for any existing leases. Upon adoption of 
Topic 842, the Company recognized right of use assets and corresponding lease liabilities pertaining to its operating 
leases. Operating lease liabilities are based on the net present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease 
term. In determining the present value of lease payment, the Company uses a collateralized rate based on the term of 
the lease based on the information available at the date of adoption of Topic 842. 

(r) Subsequent Events 

The  Company  evaluates  events  that  have  occurred  after  the  balance  sheet  date  but  before  the  financial 
statements are issued. Based upon the evaluation, the Company did not identify any additional recognized or non-
recognized subsequent events that would require adjustment to or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements, 
except as disclosed in the financial statements. 

F-10 

(s) Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“Topic 
740”). The list of changes is comprehensive; however, the changes will not significantly impact the Company due to 
the full valuation allowance that is recorded against the Company’s deferred tax assets. Early adoption of ASU 2019-
12 is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for public business entities for periods for which financial 
statements have not yet been issued. An entity that elects to early adopt the amendments in an interim period should 
reflect any adjustments as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. Additionally, an 
entity that elects early adoption must adopt all the amendments in the same period. The Company adopted ASU 2019-
12 in 2022. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, 
results of operations or financial statement disclosure. 

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13,  Credit  Losses  -  Measurement  of  Credit  Losses  on 
Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). The standard changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial 
assets, including accounts and notes receivables. Under  the new  standard, an entity is required  to estimate current 
expected  credit  losses  on  trade  receivables  at  inception,  based  on  historical  information,  current  conditions,  and 

  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
reasonable and supportable forecasts. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the 
Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. 

(t) Going Concern and COVID-19 

Our business has been materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of the Coronavirus or COVID-19. 
COVID-19,  which  has  been  declared  by  the  World  Health  Organization  to  be  a  “pandemic,”  has  spread  to  many 
countries,  including  the  United  States,  and  is  impacting  domestic  and  worldwide  economic  activity.  Since  being 
declared  a  “pandemic”,  COVID-19  interfered  with  our  ability  to  meet  with  certain  customers  during  2020  and 
continued into the first half of 2021. In addition, the COVID-19 outbreak has affected the supply chain for many types 
of products and materials, particularly those being manufactured in China and other countries where the outbreak has 
resulted  in  significant  disruptions  to  ongoing  business  activities.  Beginning  in  the  second  quarter  of  2021  and 
continuing into the first quarter of 2022, we experienced a material disruption in our supply chain as it relates to the 
procurement of  certain  sole  source  and  other  multiple  source  components  utilized  in  a  material  portion  of  several 
product lines. There are frequent developments regarding the COVID-19 outbreak that may impact our customers, 
employees and business partners. As a result, it is not possible at this time to estimate the duration or the scope of the 
impact  COVID-19  could  have  on  the  Company's  business.  The  Company  has  experienced  and  is  continuing  to 
experience a significant reduction in sales as a result of its inability to procure parts necessary to manufacture products 
due to the supply chain issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak. It remains unclear when or whether our supply chain 
partners will resume their activities at a level where our sales will return to historical levels. 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a 
going concern,  which  contemplates  the  realization  of  assets  and  satisfaction  of  liabilities  and  commitments  in  the 
normal course of business. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company reported reduced revenues, a loss 
from operations and net cash used in operating activities, in conjunction with liquidity constraints. The above factors 
raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not 
include any adjustments relating to the recoverability of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that 
might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. 

The  Company’s  primary  sources  of  liquidity  have  been  its  existing  cash  balances,  cash  generated  from 
operations,  amounts  available  under  the  MidCap  Facility  (see  Note  6  below),  amounts  available  under  the 
Subordinated Loan Facility (see Note 7 below) and cash generated from sales of common stock (see Note 16 below). 
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $4,387 outstanding under the MidCap Facility (as defined 
in Note 6 below) and $570 of additional availability for borrowing under the MidCap Facility. 

If anticipated operating results are not achieved and/or the Company is unable to obtain additional financing, 
it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to 
sustain operations and meet its obligations, which measures could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
ability to achieve its intended business objectives and may be insufficient to enable the Company to continue as a 
going concern for at least twelve months from the date these financial statements are made available to be issued. 

F-11 

Note 2 - Revenue 

The Company recognized revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring the product or 

service to the customer, typically at a point in time. 

Disaggregation of Revenue 

The  Company  is  a  technology-development  and  manufacturing  company  that  delivers  a  wide  range  of 
products and services to the cable entertainment and media industry. Encoder/transcoder products are used by a system 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
operator for encoding and transcoding of digital video. Encoders accept various input sources (analog and/or digital) 
and output digitally encoded 4K, UHD, HD or SD video in various output formats. Transcoders convert video files 
from one codec compression format to another to allow the video to be viewed across different platforms and devices. 
NXG is a two-way forward-looking platform that is used to deliver next-generation entertainment services in both 
enterprise and residential locations. Coax distribution products are used to transport signals from the headend to their 
ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other terminal location along a coax distribution 
network. CPE products are used by cable operators to provide video delivery to customers using IP technology. Digital 
modulation  products  are  used  by  a  system  operator  for  acquisition,  processing,  compression,  and  management  of 
digital  video.  Analog  modulation  products  are  used  by  a  system  operator  for  signal  acquisition,  processing  and 
manipulation  to  create  an  analog  channel  lineup  for  further  transmission.  DOCSIS  data  products  give  service 
providers, integrators, and premises owners a means to deliver data, video, and voice-over-coaxial in locations such 
as  hospitality,  MDU's,  and  college  campuses,  using  IP  technology  Contract-manufactured  products  provide 
manufacturing,  research  and  development  and  product  support  services  for  other  companies’  products.  Service 
agreements and design includes hands-on training, system design engineering, on-site field support, remote support 
and troubleshooting and complete system verification testing. Fiber optic products are used to transport signals from 
the headend to their ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other terminal location along 
a fiber optic distribution network. 

The following table presents the Company’s disaggregated revenues by revenue source: 

Encoder and Transcoder products 
NXG IP video signal processing products 
DOCSIS data products 
Coax distribution products 
Digital modulation products 
Analog modulation products 
Service agreements and design 
Fiber optic products 
CPE products 
Other 

Note 3 - Inventories 

Inventories, net of reserves, are summarized as follows: 

Raw materials 
Work in process 
Finished goods 

Years ended December 
31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

  $

  $

9,140    $
2,709      
2,356      
1,490      
1,084      
450      
357      
381      
29      
119      
18,115    $

7,863  
1,924  
755  
1,266  
982  
790  
371  
329  
1,120  
354  
15,754  

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

2,052    $
1,743      
171      
3,966    $

1,824  
2,730  
300  
4,854  

The Company recorded a provision to reduce the carrying amount of inventories to their net realizable value 

in the amount of $3,571 and $3,226 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

F-12 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
Note 4 - Property, Plant and Equipment 

Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows: 

Machinery and equipment 
Furniture and fixtures 
Office equipment 
Building improvements 

Less:  Accumulated depreciation and amortization 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

7,898    $
442      
2,452      
121      
10,913      
(10,675)     
238    $

7,860  
442  
2,442  
121  
10,865  
(10,575) 
290  

Depreciation expense amounted to approximately $100 and $110 during the years ended December 31, 

2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Note 5 – Intangible Assets 

The components of intangible assets that are carried at cost less accumulated amortization at December 31, 

2022 are as follows: 

Description 

Customer relationships 
Proprietary technology 
Amortized intangible assets 
Non-Amortized Trade name 
Total 

   Cost 

Accumulated
Amortization    

Net 
Amount    

  $

  $

1,365    $ 
349      
1,714      
741      
2,455    $ 

1,365    $
349      
1,714      
-      
1,714    $

-   
-   
-   
741   
741   

The components of intangible assets that are carried at cost less accumulated amortization at December 31, 

2021 are as follows: 

Description 

Customer relationships 
Proprietary technology 
Amortized intangible assets 
Non-Amortized Trade name 
Total 

   Cost 

Accumulated
Amortization    

Net 
Amount    

  $

  $

1,365    $ 
349      
1,714      
741      
2,455    $ 

1,354    $
346      
1,700      
-      
1,700    $

11   
3   
14   
741   
755   

Amortization is computed utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of 10 years for 
customer relationships and 10 years for proprietary technology. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $25 
and $171 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Intangible asset amortization is projected to 
be $0 in 2023. 

F-13 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
Note 6 – Debt 

Line of Credit 

On October 25, 2019, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (All Assets) (the “Loan 
Agreement”) with MidCap Business Credit LLC (“MidCap”). The Loan Agreement provides the Company with a 
credit facility comprising a $5,000 revolving line of credit (the “MidCap Facility”). The MidCap Facility matures 
following the third anniversary of the Loan Agreement. Interest on the amounts outstanding under the Loan Agreement 
is variable, based upon the three-month LIBOR rate plus a margin of 4.75% (9.53% at December 31, 2022), subject 
to re-set each month. All outstanding indebtedness under the Loan Agreement is secured by all of the assets of the 
Company and its subsidiaries. 

The Loan Agreement contains customary covenants, including restrictions on the incurrence of additional 
indebtedness, the payment of cash dividends or similar distributions, the repayment of any subordinated indebtedness 
and the encumbrance, sale or other disposition of assets. In addition, the Company was initially required to maintain 
minimum  availability  of  $500,  with  the  minimum  availability  to  be  reduced  to  $400  upon  the  deliverance  of  an 
inventory appraisal satisfactory to MidCap, which occurred during the fourth quarter 2019. 

On April 7, 2020, the Company entered into a certain Consent and Amendment to Loan Agreement and Loan 
Documents with Midcap (the “MidCap First  Amendment”),  which amended  the  MidCap Facility  to, among  other 
things, remove the existing $400 availability block, subject to the same being re-imposed at the rate of approximately 
$7 per month commencing June 1, 2020. The operative provisions relating to the removal of the availability block 
under the MidCap First Amendment became effective on April 8, 2020, following the consummation by the Company 
of the transactions contemplated by the Subordinated Loan Facility (See Note 6). 

On  January  8,  2021,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Second  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  "Second 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition  of  “Minimum  EBITDA  Covenant  Trigger  Event.”  The  Second  Amendment  amends  the  definition, 
retroactive to and as of December 1, 2020, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On June 14, 2021, the parties entered into a Third Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Third Amendment"), 
which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of 
“Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Third Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of 
June 1, 2021, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On  July  30,  2021,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Fourth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  "Fourth 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition  of  “Minimum  EBITDA  Covenant  Trigger  Event.”  The  Fourth  Amendment  amends  the  definition, 
retroactive to and as of July 1, 2021, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On  August  26,  2021,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Fifth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  "Fifth 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, (i) provide for an over-advance 
facility in the maximum amount of $400, (ii) defer the monthly incremental increase to the existing availability block 
and  (iii)  modify  the  Loan  Agreement's  definition  of  “Minimum  EBITDA  Covenant  Trigger  Event.”  The  Fifth 
Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of August 1, 

On  December  16,  2021,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Sixth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  “Sixth 
Amendment”), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition of "Borrowing Base" (with such amendment retroactive to and effective as of December 15, 2021), and also 
includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On  February  11, 2022,  the parties  entered  into  a  Seventh Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  “Seventh 
Amendment”), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition  of  "Borrowing  Base"  and  “Availability  Block,”  and  also  includes  certain  additional  non-substantive 
changes. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
On  March  3,  2022,  the  parties  entered  into  an  Eighth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  “Eighth 
Amendment”), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition  of  "Borrowing  Base"  and  “Availability  Block,”  and  also  includes  certain  additional  non-substantive 
changes. 

F-14 

On  April  5,  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Ninth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  “Ninth 
Amendment”). Among other things, the amendment modified the Loan Agreement's definition of "Borrowing Base" 
so as to provide for an over-advance facility (the “2022 Over-Advance Facility”) in an aggregate amount of up to 
$1,000.  MidCap's  agreement  to  enter  into  the  Ninth  Amendment  was  conditioned,  in  part,  on  the  entry  into  a 
participation agreement between MidCap and  Robert J. Pallé,  a Director,  and an affiliate of  Mr. Pallé (the  “Pallé 
Parties”). The terms of the Ninth Amendment and the participation agreement contemplate that any advances made 
by Midcap pursuant to the 2022 Over-Advance Facility would be funded by the Pallé Parties under the participation 
agreement. Advances under the 2022 Over-Advance Facility are subject to the discretion of MidCap and the Pallé 
Parties.  On  April  5,  2022,  pursuant  to  the  2022  Over-Advance  Facility  and  the  participation  agreement,  the  Pallé 
Parties funded an initial advance of $200 that was provided to the Company. Since April 5, 2022, a total of $975 was 
made  by  Midcap  to  the  Company,  which  was  funded  by  the  Pallé  Parties.  Further  advances  may  be  made  to  the 
Company upon its request, subject to the discretion of MidCap and the Pallé Parties, in minimum amounts of not less 
than $100 per tranche, unless a lesser amount is agreed to by the parties. The amount advanced in each tranche will 
bear an interest rate of 1% per month. 

On  May  5,  2022,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Tenth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  "Tenth 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Tenth Amendment amends the definition, retroactive 
to and as of January 1, 2022, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On  June  14,  2022,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Eleventh  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  "Eleventh 
Amendment"),  which  amendment,  revised  the  Loan  Agreement  to,  among  other  things,  (i)  modify  the  Loan 
Agreement's  definition  of  “Borrowing  Base”  to  extend  the  Company’s  WIP  advance  and  the  amortization  of  the 
Company’s  over  advance  facility  until  July  1,  2022,  and  (ii)  delete  in  its  entirety  from  the  Loan  Agreement  the 
Company’s minimum EBITDA covenant and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On  July  1,  2022,  the  parties  entered  into  a  Twelfth  Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  (the  "Twelfth 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's 
definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s over 
advance facility until July 15, 2022., and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

On October 25, 2022, the parties entered into a Thirteenth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Thirteenth 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to extend the mature date of the MidCap Facility to 
October 28, 2022. 

On October 28, 2022, the parties entered into a Fourteenth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Fourteenth 
Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, extended the mature date of 
the MidCap Facility to June 30, 2023, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the 
Company’s  WIP  advance  and  the  amortization  of  the  Company’s  over  advance  facility  until  December  1,  2022, 
increased the 2022 Over Advance Facility to $1,500 and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes. 

F-15 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Long-Term Debt 

Long-term debt consists of the following: 

Financing leases (Note 8) 
Less: Current portion 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

204    $
(70)     
134    $

271  
(71) 
200  

Annual maturities of long term debt at December 31, 2022 are, $65 in 2023, $61 in 2024, $59 in 2025 and 

$15 in 2026. 

Note 7 – Subordinated Convertible Debt with Related Parties 

On April 8, 2020, the Company, as borrower, together with Livewire Ventures, LLC (wholly owned by the 
Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Edward R. Grauch), MidAtlantic IRA, LLC FBO Steven L. Shea IRA (an IRA 
account for the benefit of the Company’s Chairman of the Board, Steven Shea), Carol M. Pallé and Robert J. Pallé 
(Company Director and employed as Managing Director-Strategic Accounts) , Anthony J. Bruno (Company Director), 
and Stephen K. Necessary (Company Director) , as lenders (collectively, the “Initial Lenders”) and Robert J. Pallé, 
as Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “Agent”) entered into a certain Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan 
and Security Agreement (the “Subordinated Loan Agreement”), pursuant to which the lenders from time to time 
party thereto were permitted to provide up to $1,500 of loans to the Company (the “Subordinated Loan Facility”). 
Interest accrues on the outstanding amounts advanced under the Subordinated Loan Facility at the rate of 12% per 
annum, compounded and payable monthly, in-kind, by the automatic increase of the principal amount of the loan on 
each monthly interest payment date, by the amount of the  accrued  interest  payable  at  that  time (“PIK Interest”); 
provided, however, that at the option of the Company, it may pay interest in cash on any interest payment date, in lieu 
of PIK Interest. 

On April 8, 2020, the Initial Lenders agreed to provide the Company with a Tranche A term loan facility of 
$800 of which $600 was advanced to the Company on April 8, 2020, $100 was advanced to the Company on April 
17, 2020 and $100 was advanced to the Company on January 12, 2021. The Initial Lenders participating in the Tranche 
A term loan facility have the option of converting the principal balance of the loan held by each of them, in whole 
(unless otherwise agreed by the Company), into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal 
to the volume weighted average price of the common stock as reported by the NYSE American, during the five trading 
days preceding April 8, 2020 (the “Tranche A Conversion Price”) which was calculated at $0.593. The conversion 
right was subject to stockholder approval as required by the rules of the NYSE American, which was obtained on June 
11, 2020. 

On  April  24,  2020,  the  Company,  the  Initial  Lenders,  Ronald  V.  Alterio  (the  Company’s  Senior  Vice 
President-Engineering,  Chief  Technology  Officer)  and  certain  additional  unaffiliated  investors  (the  “Additional 
Lenders,”  and,  together  with  the  Initial  Lenders,  the  “Lenders”)  entered  into  the  First  Amendment  to  Senior 
Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “Amendment”). The Amendment provides 
for the funding of $200 of additional loans under the Subordinated Loan Facility as a Tranche B term loan established 
under the Subordinated Loan Agreement, with such loans being provided by the Additional Lenders. The Amendment 
also sets the conversion price of $0.55 (the “Tranche B Conversion Price”) with respect to the right of the Additional 
Lenders to convert the accreted principal balance of the loans held by each of them into shares of the Company’s 
common stock. The terms and conditions of the conversion rights applicable to the Initial Lenders and the Additional 
Lenders are otherwise identical in all material respects,  including the terms restricting  conversion  to an aggregate 
amount of shares of common stock that would not result in the Company’s non-compliance with NYSE American 
rules requiring stockholder approval of issuances or potential issuances of shares in excess of the percentage limits 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
specified  therein  or  in  an  amount  that  may  be  deemed  to  constitute  a  change  of  control  under  such  rules.  These 
restrictions were eliminated when the requisite stockholder approval was obtained on June 11, 2020. 

F-16 

On October 29, 2020, the additional unaffiliated investors as described above, submitted irrevocable notices 
of  conversion  under  the  Tranche  B  Term  Loan.  As  a  result,  $175  of  original  principal  and  $11  of  PIK  interest 
outstanding  under  the  Tranche  B  Term  Loan  were  converted  into  338  shares  of  Company  common  stock  in  full 
satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

On January 28, 2021, the Company entered into the Third Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible 
Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “LSA Third Amendment”) with the Tranche A Parties, the Tranche 
B Parties (that had not previously converted the loans attributable to each of them into shares of common stock), the 
Agent  and  certain other investors (the “Tranche C  Parties”). Pursuant to  the LSA Third Amendment, the parties 
agreed to increase the aggregate loan limit from $1,500 to $1,600 and the Tranche C Parties agreed to provide the 
Company with a commitment for a $600 term loan facility, all of which was advanced to the Company on January 29, 
2021 (the “Tranche C Loans”). As is the case with the loans provided by the Tranche A Parties and Tranche B Parties, 
interest on the Tranche C Loans accrues at 12% per annum and is payable monthly in-kind, by the automatic increase 
of the principal amount of the loans on each monthly interest payment date, by the amount of the accrued interest 
payable at that time. The Company, at its option, may pay any interest due on the Tranche C Loans in cash on any 
interest payment date in lieu of PIK Interest. The Tranche C Parties also have the option, following the stockholder 
approval  described  in  the  next  sentence,  of  converting  the  accreted  principal  balance  of  the  Tranche  C  Loans 
attributable to each of them into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $1.00. The conversion 
rights are subject to the terms and conditions applicable to the Tranche C Parties restricting conversion of the Tranche 
C Loans to an aggregate amount of shares of common stock that would not result in the Company’s non-compliance 
with NYSE American rules requiring stockholder approval of issuances or potential issuances of shares in excess of 
the percentage limits specified therein. These restrictions were eliminated when the requisite stockholder approval 
was obtained on March 4, 2021. As the stock price was $1.31 on March 4, 2021, the Company recorded a discount of 
$186 relating to the difference in stock price due to the beneficial conversion feature. The Company issued 42 warrants 
at an exercise price of $1.00 to a placement agent in connection with the Tranche C Loans. The warrants have a five-
year term from January 28, 2021. 

On March 15, 2021, one of the Tranche C Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the 
Tranche C Loans. As a result, $100 of original principal and $1 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans 
were converted into 101 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

On April 6, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche 
C Loans. As a result, $50 of original principal and $1 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were 
converted into 51 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

On May 24, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche 
C Loans. As a result, $50 of original principal and $2 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were 
converted into 52 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

On January 21, 2022, one of the Tranche A Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the 
Tranche A Loans. As a result, $50 of original principal and $12 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche A Loans 
were converted into 104 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness. 

The obligations of the Company under the Subordinated Loan Agreement are guaranteed by Drake and are 
secured by substantially all of the Company’s and Drake’s assets. The Subordinated Loan Agreement has a maturity 
date three years from the date of closing, at which time the accreted principal balance of the loan (by virtue of the PIK 
Interest) plus any other accrued unpaid interest, would be due and payable in full. In connection with the Subordinated 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Loan  Agreement,  the  Company,  Drake,  the  Lenders  and  MidCap  entered  into  a  Subordination  Agreement  (the 
“Subordination Agreement”), pursuant to which the rights of the Lenders under the Subordinated Loan Agreement 
were  subordinated  to  the  rights  of  MidCap  under  the  MidCap  Agreement  and  related  security  documents.  The 
Subordination Agreement precludes the Company from making cash payments of interest in lieu of PIK Interest, in 
the absence of the prior written consent of MidCap or unless the Company is able to meet certain predefined conditions 
precedent to the making of any such payments of interest (or principal), as more fully described in the Subordination 
Agreement. The Company accrued $176 and  $163 of  PIK Interest with  respect to  the Subordinated Loan  Facility 
during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company recorded $63 and $108 of interest 
expense  related  to  the  amortization  of  the  debt  discount  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  and  2021 
respectively. 

F-17 

Note 8 – Leases 

The Company recognizes right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities when it obtains the right to control 
an asset under a leasing arrangement with an initial term greater than twelve months. The Company leases its real 
estate and certain office equipment under non-cancellable operating leases, and certain office and factory equipment 
under non-cancellable financing leases. 

The Company evaluates the nature of each lease at the inception of an arrangement to determine whether it 
is an operating or financing lease and recognizes the ROU asset and lease liabilities based on the present value of 
future minimum lease payments over the  expected  lease term. The  Company’s  leases  do not generally contain an 
implicit interest rate and therefore the Company uses the incremental borrowing rate it would expect to pay to borrow 
on a similar collateralized basis over a similar term in order to determine the present value of its lease payments. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s operating and financing lease expense as of December 31, 

2022 and 2021, respectively: 

Operating lease cost 
Financing lease cost 
Total 
Weighted average remaining lease term 
Weighted average discount rate-operating leases 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

947     $
66       
1,013     $
6.1       
6.5%    

939  
33  
972  
2.3  
6.5% 

Maturities of the Company’s operating leases as of December 31, 2022, excluding short term leases are as 

follows: 

2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
Thereafter 
Total 
Less: present value discount 
Total operating lease liabilities 

Note 9- Commitments and Contingencies 

Litigation 

  $

  $

945  
957  
971  
995  
2,148  
6,016  
(155) 
5,861  

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
The Company from time to time  is a  party  to certain proceedings incidental  to the  ordinary  course of its 
business,  none  of  which,  in  the  current opinion  of  management,  is  likely  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect on  the 
Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. 

F-18 

Note 10 – Benefit Plans 

Defined Contribution Plan 

The  Company  has  a  defined  contribution  plan  covering  all  full-time  employees  qualified  under  Section 
401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, in which the Company matches a portion of an employee’s salary deferral. The 
Company’s  contributions  to  this  plan  were  $90  and  $64,  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022  and  2021, 
respectively. 

Defined Benefit Pension Plan 

At  December  31,  2022,  approximately  28%  of  the  Company’s  employees  were  covered  by  a  collective 

bargaining agreement, that is scheduled to expire in February 2027. 

Substantially all union employees who met certain requirements of age, length of service and hours worked 
per  year  were  covered  by  a  Company  sponsored  non-contributory  defined  benefit  pension  plan.  Benefits  paid  to 
retirees are based upon age at retirement and years of credited service. 

On  August  1,  2006,  the  plan was  frozen.  The  defined  benefit  pension  plan  is  closed  to  new  entrants  and 
existing  participants  do  not  accrue  any  additional  benefits.  The  Company  complies  with  minimum  funding 
requirements. The total expense for this plan was $92 in 2022 and $20 in 2021, respectively. 

The Company recognizes the funded status of its defined benefit pension plan measured as the difference 
between the fair value of the plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As 
of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the funded status related to the defined benefit pension plan was underfunded by 
$(161) and $(16), respectively, and is recorded in current liabilities. 

Note 11 - Related Party Transactions 

A director and shareholder of the Company is a partner of a law firm that served as outside legal counsel for 
the Company. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, this law firm billed the Company approximately 
$413 and $548, respectively for legal services provided by this firm. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company 
owed $343 and $293, respectively to this firm. In May of 2022, the Company stopped using the legal services of this 
firm. 

Note 12 - Concentration of Credit Risk 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist 

principally of cash deposits and trade accounts receivable. 

Credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable was concentrated with four of the Company’s customers 
in both 2022 and 2021, respectively. These customers accounted for approximately 68% and 62% of the Company’s 
outstanding trade accounts receivable at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company performs ongoing 
credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition, uses credit insurance and requires collateral, such as letters of 
credit, to mitigate its credit risk. The deterioration of the financial condition of one or more of its major customers 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
could  adversely  impact  the  Company’s  operations.  From  time  to  time  where  the  Company  determines  that 
circumstances warrant, such as when a customer agrees to commit to a large blanket purchase order, the Company 
extends payment terms beyond its standard payment terms. 

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to customers as percentage of sales for the years 

ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

Customer A 
Customer B 
Customer C 

F-19 

Years ended December 
31, 

2022 

2021 

14%     
13%     
11%     

20% 
14% 
13% 

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to customers as percentage of accounts receivable: 

Customer A 
Customer B 
Customer C 
Customer E 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

23%     
18%     
16%     
11%     

-  
24% 
17% 
-  

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to vendors as percentage of purchases for the years 

ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

Vendor A 
Vendor B 
Vendor C 

Years ended December 
31, 

2022 

2021 

22%     
19%     
12%     

16% 
20% 
-  

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to vendors as percentage of accounts payable: 

Vendor A 
Vendor B 
Vendor D 

Note 13 – Stock Repurchase Program 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

19%     
17%     
-       

28% 
-  
10% 

On  July  24,  2002,  the  Company  commenced  a  stock  repurchase  program  to  acquire  up  to  $300  of  its 
outstanding  common  stock  (the  “2002  Program”).  The  stock  repurchase  was  funded  by  a  combination  of  the 
Company’s cash on hand and borrowings against its revolving line of credit. On February 13, 2007, the Company 
announced a new stock repurchase program to acquire up to an additional 100 shares of its outstanding common stock 
(the “2007 Program”). As of December 31, 2022, the Company can purchase up to $72 of its common stock under 
the  2002  Program  and up  to 100  shares  of  its  common  stock  under  the  2007  Program.  The  Company may,  in  its 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
  
  
discretion, continue making purchases under the 2002 Program up to its limits, and thereafter to make purchases under 
the 2007 Program. During 2022 and 2021, the Company did not purchase any of its common stock under the 2002 
Program or 2007 Program. 

F-20 

Note 14 – Executive and Director Stock Purchase Plans 

On  June  16,  2014,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  adopted  the  Executive  Stock  Purchase  Plan  (the 
“ESPP”),  which  was  subsequently  amended  several  times  most  recently  on  September  10,  2020,  retroactively 
effective to September 1, 2020. The ESPP allows executive officers of the Company to elect to purchase common 
stock of the Company in lieu of receiving a portion of their salary. The maximum number of shares of common stock 
that can be purchased by all participants, in the aggregate, pursuant to the ESPP is 750 shares. The shares will be 
purchased directly from the Company at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of purchase 
(based on selling prices reported on NYSE American), which is the payroll date when the salary is withheld. As of 
December 31, 2022, approximately 303 shares were purchased under the ESPP. 

On November 8, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Director Stock Purchase Plan (the 
“DSPP”), which was subsequently amended several times most recently on October 12, 2020. The DSPP allows non-
employee directors of the Company to elect to purchase common stock of the Company in lieu of receiving a portion 
of their director and meeting fees. The maximum number of shares of common stock that can be purchased by all 
participants, in the aggregate, pursuant to the DSPP is 1,000 shares. The shares will be purchased directly from the 
Company at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of purchase (based on selling prices 
reported on NYSE American), which is the check date when the fees would normally be paid. As of December 31, 
2022, approximately 390 shares were purchased under the DSPP. 

Note 15 – Preferred Stock 

The Company is authorized to issue 5,000 shares of preferred stock with such designations, voting and other 
rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. At December 31, 2022 and 
2021, there were no outstanding preferred shares. 

Note 16 – Private Placement and Common Stock Sales 

On  December  14,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Securities  Purchase  Agreement  (the  "Purchase 
Agreement") with certain accredited investors (the "Purchasers") for the sale and issuance by the Company to the 
Purchasers of (i) an aggregate of 1,429 shares (the "Shares") of the Company's common stock and (ii) warrants (the 
"Purchaser Warrants") to purchase an aggregate of up to 714 shares of common stock (the "Purchaser Warrant 
Shares"), for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of $1,000, before deducting placement agent fees and offering 
expenses payable by the Company. The Company also agreed to issue to the placement agents and certain persons 
affiliated with the placement agents, as additional compensation, (a) fully-vested warrants (the "Placement Agent 
Warrants") to purchase an aggregate of up to 100 shares (the "Placement Agent Warrant Shares") of common 
stock and (b) contingent warrants (the "Placement Agent Contingent Warrants") to purchase an aggregate of up to 
an additional 50 shares (the "Placement Agent Contingent Warrant Shares") of common stock. The transaction 
closed on December 15, 2020. 

The Purchase Agreement also includes terms that give the Purchasers certain price protections, providing for 
adjustments of the number of shares of common stock held by them in the event of certain future dilutive securities 
issuances by the Company for a period not to exceed 18 months following the closing of the private placement, or 
such earlier date on which all of the Purchaser Warrants have been exercised. In addition, the Purchase Agreement 
provides the Purchasers with a right to participate in certain future Company financings, up to 30% of the amount of 
such financings, for a period of 24 months following the closing of the private placement. The Purchase Agreement 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
also required the Company to register the resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares pursuant to the terms 
of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the Purchasers, dated as of December 14, 2020, as 
described further below. The Company filed a registration statement with the SEC on January 14, 2021 to register the 
resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares, which registration statement was declared effective by the SEC 
on January 21, 2021. 

The  Purchase  Agreement  obligated  the  Company  to  call  a  special  meeting  of  its  stockholders  to  seek 
stockholder approval of the issuance of shares of its common stock issuable in connection with this transaction in 
excess of 19.99% of the Company's outstanding  shares of common stock, in  accordance  with the  requirements of 
Section 713(a) of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) American Company Guide. Stockholder approval was 
obtained on March 4, 2021. 

The Purchaser Warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, are exercisable beginning on December 
15, 2020, and have a term of three years. The exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon 
exercise of each Purchaser Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the event of certain stock dividends and 
distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock. The fair 
value of the Purchaser Warrants is $643. 

In certain circumstances, upon the occurrence of a fundamental transaction, a holder of Purchaser Warrants 
is entitled to receive, upon any subsequent exercise of the Purchaser Warrant, for each Purchaser Warrant Share that 
would  have  been  issuable  upon  such  exercise  of  the  Purchaser  Warrant  immediately  prior  to  the  fundamental 
transaction, at the option of the holder, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation 
or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable as a result of the 
fundamental transaction by a holder of the number of shares of common stock of the Company for which the Purchaser 
Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to the fundamental transaction. If holders of the Company's common stock 
are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a fundamental transaction, then the Holder 
shall be given the choice as to the additional consideration it receives upon any exercise of the Purchaser Warrant 
following the fundamental transaction. 

F-21 

The Placement Agent Warrants have an exercise price of $0.70 per share, a term of five years from December 
14,  2020,  and  became  exercisable  upon  the  Company  obtaining  the  stockholder  approval  described  above.  The 
exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Warrant is 
subject  to  appropriate  adjustments  in  the  event  of  certain  stock  dividends  and  distributions,  stock  splits,  stock 
combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common  stock.  The Placement Agent  Warrants also 
provide the holders with certain “piggyback” registration rights, permitting the holders to request that the Company 
include the Placement Agent Warrant Shares for sale in certain registration statements filed by the Company. The fair 
value of the Placement Agent Warrants is $121. During June and July 2021, the Company received approximately 
$61 as the result of the exercise of certain Placement Agent Warrants, and the Company issued 87 shares of common 
stock upon exercise. 

The Placement Agent Contingent Warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, a term of five years 
from December 14, 2020, and become exercisable if, and to the extent, holders of the Purchaser Warrants exercise 
such Purchaser Warrants. In no event, however, will the Placement Agent Contingent Warrants become exercisable 
unless and until Stockholder Approval has been obtained. The exercise price and the number of shares of common 
stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Contingent Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the 
event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events 
affecting  the  common  stock.  The  Placement  Agent  Contingent  Warrants  also  provide  the  holders  with  certain 
“piggyback”  registration  rights,  permitting  the  holders  to  request  that  the  Company  include  the  Placement  Agent 
Contingent  Warrant  Shares for  sale  in  certain  registration  statements  filed  by  the  Company.  The  fair value of  the 
Placement Agent Contingent Warrants is $56. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
On  August  16,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Sales  Agreement  (the  “Sales  Agreement”)  with  Roth 
Capital Partners, LLC (the “Agent”). In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Company may offer 
and sell from time to time through the Agent shares of the Company’s common stock, having an aggregate offering 
price of up to $400. From August 16, 2021 through December 31, 2021, the Company sold an aggregate of 163 shares 
under the Sales Agreement at prices ranging from $1.088 to $1.139 per share, for aggregate proceeds, net of sales 
commissions, of approximately $175. 

On  August  23,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Stock  Purchase  Agreement  (the  “August  Purchase 
Agreement”) with an institutional investor providing for the sale by the Company to the investor of 200 shares of the 
Company’s common stock at a purchase price of $1.08 per share, resulting in aggregate proceeds to the Company of 
$216. The shares were offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s effective shelf registration statement on Form S-
3. The Company's sale of the shares pursuant to the August Purchase Agreement will have the effect of reducing the 
amount of shares that may be sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement from $400 to $184. Taking into account sales of 
common  stock  pursuant  to  the  August  Purchase  Agreement  and  sales  of  common  stock  pursuant  to  the  Sales 
Agreement to date, the amount available to be sold under the Sales Agreement is currently $9. 

On November 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “November Purchase 
Agreement”) with an institutional investor providing for the sale by the Company to the investor of 425 shares of the 
Company’s common stock, at a purchase price of $1.12 per share, resulting in aggregate proceeds to the Company of 
$476. The shares were offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration statement on Form S-3. 

Note 17 – Equity Incentive Plans 

In  May 2016,  the  stockholders  of  the  Company  approved  the  2016  Employee  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (the 
“2016  Employee  Plan”),  which  authorized  the  Compensation  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  (the 
“Committee”) to grant a maximum of 1,000 shares of equity based and other performance based awards to executive 
officers and other key employees of the Company. The term of the 2016 Employee Plan expires on February 4, 2026. 
In May 2017, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2016 Employee Plan to increase the 
annual  individual  award  limits  relating  to  stock  options  and  stock  appreciation  rights  from  100  to  250  shares  of 
common stock. In June 2018, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2016 Employee Plan 
to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 3,000. The Committee determines 
the  recipients  and  the  terms  of  the  awards  granted  under  the  2016  Employee  Plan,  including  the  type  of  awards, 
exercise price, number of shares subject to the award and the exercisability thereof. 

F-22 

In  May 2005,  the  stockholders  of  the  Company  approved  the  2005  Employee  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (the 
“Employee  Plan”),  which  initially  authorized  the  Compensation  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  (the 
“Committee”) to grant a maximum of 500 shares of equity based and other performance based awards to executive 
officers  and  other  key  employees  of  the  Company.  In  May  2007,  the  stockholders  of  the  Company  approved  an 
amendment to the Employee Plan to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 
1,100. In May 2010, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Employee Plan to increase the 
maximum  number  of  equity based  and  other  performance  awards  to  1,600.  In  May  2014,  the  stockholders  of  the 
Company approved the amendment and restatement of the Employee Plan to extend the term of the Employee Plan to 
February 7, 2024 and increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 2,600. In June 
2018,  the  stockholders  of  the  Company  approved  an  amendment  to  the  Employee  Plan  to  increase  the  maximum 
number of equity based and other performance awards to 2,700. The Committee determines the recipients and the 
terms of the awards granted under the Employee Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, number of shares 
subject to the award and the exercisability thereof. 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
In May 2016, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2016 Director Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 
Director Plan”). The 2016 Director Plan authorizes the Board of Directors (the “Board”) to grant a maximum of 400 
shares of equity based and other performance-based awards to non-employee directors of the Company. The term of 
the 2016 Director Plan expires on February 4, 2026. The Board determines the recipients and the terms of the awards 
granted under the 2016 Director Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, number of shares subject to the 
award and the exercisability thereof. 

In  May  2005,  the  stockholders  of  the  Company  approved  the  2005  Director  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (the 
“Director Plan”). The Director Plan authorizes the Board of Directors (the “Board”) to grant a maximum of 200 
shares of equity based and other performance-based awards to non-employee directors of the Company. In May 2010, 
the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Director Plan to increase the maximum number of 
equity  based  and  other  performance  awards  to  400.  In  May  2014,  the  stockholders of  the  Company  approved  the 
amendment and restatement of the  Director Plan to  extend the term of the  Director  Plan  to  February 7,  2024 and 
increase  the  maximum  number  of  equity  based  and  other  performance  awards  to  600.  The  Board  determines  the 
recipients and the terms of the awards granted under the Director Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, 
number of shares subject to the award and the exercisability thereof. 

The Company issues performance-based stock options to employees. The Company estimates the fair value 
of performance stock option awards using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. Compensation expense 
for stock option awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting period. 

The expected term of the stock options represents the average period the stock options are expected to remain 
outstanding and is based on the expected term calculated using the approach prescribed by the Securities and Exchange 
Commission's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 for “plain vanilla” options. The expected stock price volatility for 
the Company’s stock options was determined by using an average of the historical volatilities of the Company. The 
Company  will  continue  to  analyze  the  stock  price  volatility  and  expected  term  assumptions  as  more  data  for  the 
Company’s common stock and exercise patterns become available. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based on 
the U.S. Treasury instruments whose term was consistent with the expected term of the Company’s stock options. The 
expected dividend assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts. The Company 
does not estimate forfeitures based on historical experience but rather reduces compensation expense when they occur. 

The fair value of employee stock options is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service 
periods  of  the  respective  awards.  The  fair  value  of  employee  stock  options  was  estimated  using  the  following 
weighted-average assumptions: 

Fair value of the company’s common stock on date of grant 
Expected term 
Risk free interest rate 
Dividend yield 
Volatility 
Fair value of options granted 

F-23 

Years ended December 
31, 

2022 

2021 

0.565     $

  $
1.513  
     6.5 years        6.5 years  

2.69%    
0.00%    
118.0%    
0.496     $

1.13% 
0.00% 
79.0% 
1.06  

  $

The following table summarizes total stock-based compensation costs recognized for the years ended 

December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
Cost of goods sold 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative 
Research and development 
Total 

Years ended December 
31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

40    $
45      
421      
65      
571    $

42  
77  
343  
100  
562  

The  following  table  summarizes  information  about  stock-based  awards  outstanding  for  the  year  ended 

December 31, 2022: 

Plan 
2016 Employee Plan 
2016 Director Plan 
Other 
2005 Employee Plan 
2005 Director Plan 

Stock-based awards available for grant as of December 31, 2022 

Stock options award activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows: 

 Stock Options 
2,207 
1,209 
500 
730 
219 
4,865 

77 

Outstanding at January 1, 2022 
Options granted 
Options exercised 
Options forfeited 
Options expired 
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 

Exercisable at December 31, 2022 

Weighted- 
Average 
Exercise  
Price 

Weighted- 
Average 
Contractual
Term 

Aggregate 
Intrinsic  
Value 

Number of 
shares 

4,229    $
956      
-      
(80)     
(248)     
4,857    $

3,760    $

0.90      
0.54      
-      
1.08      
1.00      
0.82      

0.86      

5.1    $

-  

5.2    $

           -  

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted options under the 2016 Employee Plan 

and the 2016 Director Plan to purchase 956 shares of common stock to its employees and directors. The fair value of 
these options was approximately $449.  

F-24 

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options is calculated as the difference between exercise price of the 
underlying stock options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock or $0.19 per share at December 31, 2022. 

The Company does not capitalize any cost associated with stock-based compensation. 

The Company issues new shares of common stock (or reduces the amount of treasury stock) upon exercise 

of stock options or release of restricted stock awards. 

  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
    
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
  
    
       
   
    
       
   
    
       
   
    
       
   
    
       
   
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
As of December 31, 2022, the unamortized stock compensation expense was approximately $321. 

The following table represents warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2022: 

Outstanding at January 1, 2022 
Warrants granted 
Warrants exercised 
Warrants forfeited 
Warrants expired 
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 

Exercisable at December 31, 2022 

Weighted- 
Average 
Exercise  
Price 

Weighted- 
Average 
Contractual 
Term 

Number of 
shares 

841    $
111      
-      
-      
-      
952    $

952    $

1.21      
0.45      
-      
-      
-      
1.12      

1.12      

2.25  

1.10  

In  January  2021,  the  Company  issued  a  5-year  warrant  to  purchase  42  shares  of  common  stock  of  the 
Company  to  VFT  Special  Ventures,  Ltd.  a  Delaware  corporation  (“VFT”).  The  warrant  was  granted  as  partial 
consideration in connection with the placement fee for the Subordinated Loan Facility (see Note 7). The warrant is 
exercisable at $1.00 per share and vested immediately. The fair value of the warrant was $60. 

In December 2022, the Company issued a 5-year warrant to purchase 111 shares of common stock of the 
Company to David E. Cymiak. The warrant was granted as partial consideration in connection with the placement fee 
for the Subordinated Loan Facility (see Note 7). The warrant is exercisable at $0.45 per share and vested immediately. 
The fair value of the warrant was $12. 

Note 18 – Other Income 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  accrued  payroll  tax  credits  of  $1,804,  through  the 
Employee  Retention  Tax  Credit  program  (“ERTC”).  The  amount  was  recorded  as  other  income  and  included  in 
prepaid and other current assets as of the applicable quarter end date. The Company received $577 of the first quarter 
of 2021 ERTC in April, $115 towards Q2 in July, $181 towards Q3 in August, $219 towards Q3 in October and $195 
towards Q3 in November. The ERTC was initially established as part of the CARES Act of 2020 and subsequently 
amended by the Consolidated Appropriation Act (“CAA”) of 2021 and the American Rescue Plan Act (“ARPA”) of 
2021. The CAA and ARPA amendments to the ERTC program provide eligible employers with a tax credit  in an 
amount equal to 70% of qualified wages (including certain health care expenses) that eligible employers pay their 
employees after January 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021. The maximum amount of qualified wages taken into 
account with respect to each employee for each calendar quarter is $10,000, so that the maximum credit that an eligible 
employer may claim for qualified wages paid to any employee is $7,000 per quarter. For purposes of the amended 
ERTC, an eligible employer is defined as having experienced a significant (20% or more) decline in gross receipts 
during  each  2021  calendar quarter  when  compared  with  the  same  quarter  in  2019.  The  credit  is  taken  against  the 
Company’s share of Social Security Tax when the Company’s payroll provider files the applicable quarterly tax filings 
on Form 941. At December 31, 2022, the Company is still owed $299 in ERTC funds which it expects to receive 
during the second quarter of 2023. 

F-25 

Note 19 - Income Taxes 

The following summarizes the benefit for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Current: 

Federal 
State and local 

Deferred: 
Federal 
State and local 

Valuation allowance 
Provision for income taxes 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

-    $
0      
0      

(471)     
(7)     
(478)     
478      
0    $

-  
15  
15  

(266) 
(3) 
(269) 
269  
15  

The  provision  for  income  taxes  differs  from  the  amounts  computed  by  applying  the  applicable  Federal 

statutory rates due to the following for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

Provision (benefit) for Federal income taxes at the statutory rate 
State and local income taxes, net of Federal provision (benefit) 
Permanent differences: 

Other 

Change in valuation allowance 
Stock Compensation 
Provision for income taxes 

F-26 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

(613)   $
(25)     

88      
478      
72      
0    $

21  
10  

(285) 
269  
-  
15  

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: 

Deferred tax assets: 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Inventories 
Intangible 
Share based compensation 
Net operating loss carry forward 
Sec 174 Research & Development 
Depreciation 
Pension liability 
Other 

Total deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Intangible 
Indefinite life intangibles 

Total deferred tax liabilities 

Valuation allowance 
Net 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

46    $
746      
114      
330      
7,832      
303      
8      
63      
1      
9,443      

(4)     
(191)     
(195)     
9,248      
(9,248)     
-    $

51  
668  
139  
332  
7,691  

22  
43  
2  
8,948  

(4) 
(174) 
(178) 
8,770  
(8,770) 
-  

  
  
    
  
  
     
   
    
  
    
    
       
   
    
    
  
    
    
   
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
       
   
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
     
   
    
    
    
    
    
   
    
    
    
    
    
       
   
    
    
    
  
    
    
For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $28,169 and $24,541 of federal and 
state  net  operating  loss  carryovers  ("NOL"),  respectively,  which  begin  to  expire  in  2022.  Additionally,  there  are 
federal NOL carryovers of $8,300 which do not expire. 

The changes in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were 

$478 and $269, respectively. 

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not 
that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is 
dependent  upon  the  generation  of  future  taxable  income  during  the  periods  in  which  those  temporary  differences 
become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable 
income and taxing strategies in making this assessment. The decision to record this valuation allowance was based on 
management evaluating all positive and negative evidence. The significant negative evidence includes a loss for the 
current year, a cumulative pre-tax loss for the three years ended December 31, 2022, the inability to carryback the net 
operating losses, limited future reversals of existing temporary differences and the limited availability of tax planning 
strategies. The Company expects to continue to provide a full valuation allowance until, or unless, it can sustain a 
level of profitability that demonstrates its ability to utilize these assets. 

The  Company  had  no  change  in  its  liability  for  uncertain  tax  position  during  2022  and  no  liabilities  for 
uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2022. ASC 740 discusses the classification of related interest and penalties 
on income taxes. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties incurred in connection with income taxes 
as a component of income tax expense. No interest or penalties were recorded during the years ended December 31, 
2022 and 2021. 

The Company is required to file U.S. federal and state income tax returns. These returns are subject to audit 
by  tax  authorities  beginning  with  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  or  tax  years  beginning  with  the  year  ended 
December 31,2003 as the Company utilizes net operating losses. 

F-27 

SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant 

has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

Date: April 17, 2023 

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, 
INC. 

By: /s/ Robert J. Pallé  
   Robert J. Pallé  
   Chief Executive Officer 

By: /s/ Michael P. Censoplano 
   Michael P. Censoplano 
   Chief Financial Officer and Secretary 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by 

the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Name 

Title 

Date 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
/S/ ROBERT J. PALLÉ  
Robert J. Pallé  

   Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director 
   (Principal Executive Officer) 

   April 17, 2023 

/S/ MICHAEL P. CENSOPLANO  
Michael P. Censoplano 

   Chief Financial Officer and Secretary 
   (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting 

   April 17, 2023 

/S/ JAMES F. WILLIAMS  
James F. Williams 

/S/ CHARLES E. DIETZ 
Charles E. Dietz 

/S/ GARY P. SCHARMETT 
Gary P. Scharmett 

/S/ STEVEN L. SHEA  
Steven L. Shea 

/S/ STEPHEN K. NECESSARY  
Stephen K. Necessary 

/S/ JOHN BURKE  
John Burke 

/S/ MICHAEL HAWKEY 
Michael Hawkey 

Officer) 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

48 

   April 17, 2023 

   April 17, 2023 

   April 17, 2023 

   April 17, 2023 

   April 17, 2023 

   April 17, 2023 

   April 17, 2023