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Dignity

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FY2019 Annual Report · Dignity
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Dignity plc 

4 King Edwards Court 

King Edwards Square 

Sutton Coldfield 

West Midlands B73 6AP 

www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate

Annual Report 2019 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 

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Delivering 
excellent client 
service and 
leading through 
change

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IFC  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Welcome  
to the 2019  
Annual Report

Contents

Strategic Report 

02 Leading through change 
10 Our summary performance in 2019 
12 Chairman’s statement 
16 Chief Executive’s review 
28 Strategy and business model 
30 Key performance indicators 
34 Operating review 
41 Financial review 
46 Principal risks and uncertainties 
52 Non-financial information statement  
53 Corporate and social responsibility 

Governance 

61 Chairman’s introduction to governance 
63 Governance structure 
64 Board of Directors 
66 Executive Management Team 
67 Directors’ statement on corporate governance 
72 Audit Committee report 
75 Nomination Committee report 
77 Report on Directors’ remuneration 
92 Directors’ report 

Financial Statements 

Group Accounts 

95 Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc 
104 Consolidated income statement 
104 Consolidated statement of comprehensive income  
105 Consolidated balance sheet 
106 Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
107 Consolidated statement of cash flows 
108 Notes to the financial statements 

Company Accounts  

155 Dignity plc Company balance sheet 
156 Dignity plc Company statement of changes in equity 
157 Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements 
165 Financial record 

Other Information 

167 Alternative performance measures 
169 Shareholder information 
170 Contact details and advisers  
171 Financial calendar 

Consultancy, Design & Production by Bexon Woodhouse  

www.bexonwoodhouse.com 

Printed in the UK by CPI Colour, a certified CarbonNeutral® 

printing company, using vegetable based inks and water 

based sealants. The printer and paper manufacturing  

mill are both certified with ISO 14001 Environmental 

Management systems standards and both are Forest 

Stewardship Council® (FSC®) certified.

  
 
 
 
In this Strategic Report

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  01

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We are here to help people at one  
of the most difficult times in their 
lives and we are honoured to serve 
the communities we are part of

Our Purpose 
• We are committed to meeting our customers’ 

changing needs and exceeding their 
expectations.

See p.18

In a changing and increasingly 
competitive funeral sector

Market Context 
• We are adapting to change and responding to 

market challenges and opportunities.

See p.20

We have clear strategic objectives 

Strategy and Business Model 
• We are continuing to build on the strong 

fundamentals of the business and use these 
as a platform for change. 

• Being more distinctive in the marketplace. 
• Embracing technology in developing and 
delivering our services for customers. 

• Continuing to be a good corporate citizen.

Our Transformation Plan is  
evolving to changing circumstances 
and on track

The Core Components 
• We are modernising the client proposition. 

• Investing in and simplifying the operating model. 
• Streamlining central support and investing  
in technology to centralise and automate 
administrative processes.

See p.28

See p.21

We have a strong culture and  
shared values

We are focused on sustainable  
growth

People and Culture 
• We are passionate 
about delivering 
excellent client 
service. 

Values 
• We serve our  

customers with  
expertise, compassion 
and commitment.

Key performance 
indicators 
• Measuring progress 
and performance. 

Group summary 
performance 
• Delivering in line with 
expectations, after 
allowing for lower than 
anticipated deaths. 

See p.18

See p.30

See p.10

We have strong leadership and act 
responsibly and sustainably

To achieve our ambition and meet  
our stakeholder expectations

Non-financial 
performance 
• We are helping to 

make a difference as   
a responsible and 
sustainable business.

Governance 
• We have a strong 
Board committed  
to robust corporate 
governance. 

Our Vision 
• To lead the funeral sector in terms of quality, 

standards and value-for-money.  

• Creating and preserving value for all our 

stakeholders.

See p.52

See p.14

See p.18

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
02  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Leading through change/ 
We are a strong but  
changing business

 Our 

Purpose

Our customers are at the heart of what we do. We are here to 
help them at one of the most difficult times in their lives and 
we are honoured to serve the communities we are part of. 
Listening to our customers and understanding their changing 
attitudes, lifestyles and expectations must continue to drive 
what we do as a business.
Technology 

Services & Brands

Our brands, products, services and technology must reflect 
those changing customer preferences and are the reason  
why we now offer enhanced choice and provide even greater 
value-for-money. The high-quality of our offering, competitively 
priced, is how we will differentiate ourselves from the 
competition, both nationally and locally.
 Our 

People & Culture

Every day we want to meet and exceed our customers’ 
expectations. We aim to do this through the continued 
dedication of our people and by serving our customers  
with expertise, compassion and commitment. 
Our 

Vision

Our vision is to lead the funeral sector in terms of quality, 
standards and value-for-money. To achieve this, we are 
building a more coherent, cohesive and technology-enabled 
business, one geared to meet the changing needs of  
our customers.

 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  03

Our   

Transformation

Journey

In 2018 we began a period of radical 
transformation and we are making good 
progress on our journey to deliver our 
objectives. During and after this change 
we will continue to be a caring business 
with core values built around quality, 
providing excellent customer service 
and high standards of care.  

In a rapidly changing and competitive 
funeral industry, we are alert to the 
challenges we face and are determined 
to seize the opportunity to create a 
business that is clearly differentiated 
from the competition and gives 
customers a clear choice.

Leading through 
quality, standards  
& value-for-money

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04  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Leading through change/ 

 We are building a distinctive  
and powerful market offer

What 

We stand  

            for

• It’s the promise we make to  

our customers; 

• It’s the quality of our products  

and services; and 

• It’s the expectations of our customer  

service standards.  

 
Creating a differentiated  
customer experience

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019 |  05

Engaging 

with more customers through digital and 
promotional channels.

The way that we connect with our customers 
continues to change. Going online is now 
increasingly the preferred route for people looking 
for information and our industry is no exception.  
45 per cent (compared to 38 per cent a year ago) 
of our clients now find us online and over 67 per 
cent of our website traffic comes from mobile 
devices. We continue to develop our online 
support services and promotional initiatives to 
meet customer expectations. We are building  
a leading digital presence and a compelling  
multi-channel service offering.

Empowering 

customers to choose and arrange the funeral 
that’s right for them and their family. 

We are determined to ensure that our distinctive 
Dignity and Simplicity brands provide families  
with greater choice and flexibility, whether they 
are looking for a traditional value-for-money 
service or a simple affordable alternative.  
We will achieve this without losing the heritage 
embedded in our local trading names. In addition, 
our Online Funeral Notices service provides 
customers with a convenient way to share details 
of funeral arrangements through social media 
and the internet. It also allows friends and family 
to arrange flowers and make donations.

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Enabling 

customers to interact with us when and  
how they want. 

We are developing a more customer-centric 
service model adapted to better suit evolving 
client needs. Our enhanced digital offering is 
part of this with the Group’s websites registering 
approximately 5.6 million visits on a year to date 
basis, up 211 per cent on the comparable prior 
year period. We are starting to change the way 
we work at branch level too and have started  
to pilot home visits to customers by our staff  
as part of a radical overhaul of how we serve  
our customers. 

Evolving 

our customer proposition and the way  
we work to support change.

The changing way in which people are choosing  
to arrange a funeral and what they value drives 
how we evolve and modernise our services to 
support them better and meet their priorities  
and expectations. 

We have commenced one of the most radical, 
complicated and challenging elements of our 
Transformation Plan in terms of transforming  
our branches. This involves working in materially 
different ways, revising our processes and 
changing the way we arrange funerals for  
our customers. 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
06  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Leading through change/ 
We are determined to meet 
our stakeholder expectations

Society 

Changes in societal expectations and attitudes towards 
arranging a funeral, the role of technology in our daily  
lives and increased customer choice is transforming  
the way we need to serve our customers today and  
in the future. We must use this opportunity to stay  
connected, relevant and responsive to change through  
our customer propositions. 

 & Sustainability 

Sustainability is about the actions we take to fulfil our  
purpose against the backdrop of an ever changing world  
and we remain committed to driving a sustainable business 
that is both socially and environmentally responsible  
and commercially successful. 

 
A responsible and sustainable  
business with a broader societal 
purpose 

We are involved in a fundamental and  
timeless human ritual and are mindful of the 
responsibility this places on us.  

We have always taken and will continue to  
take our role as a responsible corporate citizen 
extremely seriously and recognise that our 
broader role in society goes beyond just creating 
value for our shareholders. We will therefore 
continue to be a responsible and sustainable 
business, determined to meet both our social 
responsibilities and the expectations of all  
our stakeholders. 

As a leader we must take account of broader 
issues than just our own performance as  
a business. Of course, it is essential that  
we deliver value to our shareholders. But it is 
also important that we provide value to our 
customers and make a positive contribution  
to society as a whole. 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  07

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Beyond Transformation 
Our continued focus is rightly on meeting  
the transformational challenges we face  
and achieving our goals. However, sizing up  
this challenge has re-energised the Group 
because we recognise that with change  
comes opportunity. 

We are confident about the future and about 
the possibilities that will open up for the 
business and the role we continue to play in 
helping to raise standards in the industry. 

Engaging with stakeholders 
We engage with our stakeholders to gain  
insights into their needs and identify the material 
issues they have. This feedback forms part of  
our decision making and helps us continually 
improve and progress towards our vision.

• Our Customers 

• Our People 

• Investors 

• Industry & Policymakers 

• Communities & Society

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  

Leading through change/ 
We remain focused on delivering 
excellent client service

Funeral services

We are a major provider of funeral 
services in the UK and we strive to  
set the highest standards of service 
and care. 

Services we provide 
Dignity provides customers with access to 
our national network of funeral locations 
where they can arrange a funeral personal 
to their needs.  
Simplicity Cremations allows 
customers to organise a less traditional 
funeral, taking advantage of Dignity’s 
national network of mortuaries and 
crematoria. 

Crematoria

69,400 (2018: 72,300) 

Number of funerals conducted 
during 2019.

820 (2018: 831)  

Number of funeral locations  
we operate in the UK.

We are the largest single operator  
of crematoria in Britain with a 
significant portfolio of well-established 
and state-of-the-art crematoria  
that meet the needs of the local 
communities we serve. 

64,800 (2018: 65,200)  

Number of  cremations 
conducted during 2019.

Services we provide 
Our crematoria provide a range  
of cremation services, from basic 
unattended cremations to traditional  
full services. 
Our extensive, peaceful grounds allow 
clients to remember their loved ones  
in a very personal way.

46 (2018: 46) 

Number of  crematoria  
we operate in England  
and Scotland.

Pre-arranged funeral plans

523,000 (2018: 486,000) 

Number of active funeral 
plans as at 27 December 2019.

We are one of the UK’s largest 
providers of pre-arranged funeral 
plans and we continue to 
strengthen our business in this 
growing market. 

Services we provide 
Our pre-need business allows clients  
to pre-arrange their funeral through our 
national network of funeral locations  
and established relationships with  
many affinity partners.  

We have a long-term 
commitment to the 
customer and we are 
shaping our services 
around their  
evolving needs.

 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  09

We are focused on enhancing our 
customer proposition, our service and 
pricing model and will continue to adapt 
to serve evolving client needs while 
preserving Dignity’s unrivalled levels  
of service and quality.

A strong and caring business 
We are proud to be one of the UK’s leading funeral service providers. We are a 
strong and caring business and our reputation, experience and dedicated people 
are our most valuable assets. By striving for the highest standards and through  
the quality of our products and services we provide across our business, we build 
trust with society and the families and communities we serve. 

Alongside the expansion of our digital offerings we continue to offer a wide choice 
for consumers and our focus on high standards and excellent client service remains 
central to our plans for the future.

£ £

45% 

Approximately 45 per cent 
(compared to 38 per cent in 2018)  
of our customers now find us online, 
with over 67 per cent of our website 
traffic coming from mobile devices.

Low-cost 
cremation service 
As part of our commitment to 
providing simple and affordable 
alternatives we were the first 
funeral company to provide a 
nationwide low-cost attended 
cremation service without  
a funeral director.

National 
network 
We are the only operator with 
a national network of funeral 
locations and crematoria.

30% 

Over 30 per cent of Dignity staff 
have over 10 years long service.

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60 minutes 

72 per cent of Dignity’s own 
crematoria offer 60 minutes  
for a standard cremation. The 
remainder have a minimum  
of 45 minutes.

5.6 million  
visits to our websites 

Dignity receives approximately  
5.6 million visits to our websites 
annually. This compares to  
1.8 million visits in 2018. 

99%  
reputation & 
recommendation 
99 per cent of respondents said 
that we met or exceeded their 
expectations. 

Source: Dignity Client Survey 2019

997,000  
pre-arranged plans 
We have already helped more 
than 997,000 people plan for 
their funerals in advance, of which 
523,000 remain outstanding.

We are privileged to provide services that mean so much to our customers

Taking the  
greatest care 

Being trusted with something  
as important as a persons final 
wishes is an honour and  
a privilege that we never  
take lightly. 
DIGNITY 

Simple, low-cost 
funerals 

We offer families greater  
choice and flexibility in how they 
remember their loved ones whilst 
we focus on providing the essential 
care and practical elements  
of the cremation. 

We know that  
families value quality, 
seclusion and time  

We serve at the heart of our local 
communities and take great care 
to create a peaceful and tranquil 
environment for people to  
visit and reflect. 

SIMPLICITY 
CREMATIONS 

THE CREMATORIUM  
AND MEMORIAL GROUP 

We’re helping  
more people  
plan ahead 

We are one of the UK’s most 
trusted providers of pre-arranged 
funeral plans, providing peace  
of mind to you and your family. 
FUNERAL PLANS 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Our Summary  
Performance 2019

Our performance in 2019 was consistent with market expectations. However, underlying  
operating profit decreased by 21 per cent to £63.3 million and average income per funeral  
reduced from £2,973 to £2,930 reflecting the impact of a changing competitive landscape.  
On a statutory basis, operating profit was £44.8 million, a decrease of 41 per cent. 

We are engaged in a wide-ranging Transformation Plan, alongside a major investment programme 
which continues to make good progress. This Plan will create a funeral business that remains  
focused on quality, whilst evolving to adapt to, and lead, a changing marketplace. 

The Group has changed its accounting policy in respect of certain pre-arranged funeral plan trusts  
and the adoption of IFRS 15. This has resulted in the consolidation of the Group’s primary pre-arranged 
funeral plan trusts. This has been applied retrospectively and therefore certain statutory amounts 
have been restated. See the Financial review and accounting policies note for further details. 

• Funeral market share  

showing positive response  
to changes in proposition 
compared to 2016 and 2017. 

• Simplicity Cremations 

continues to grow strongly. 

• Transformation Plan 

progressed as planned and 
key pilot initiatives underway.

• Strong market share 

performance by crematoria 
business. 

• Group fully engaged with the 

• The Group welcomes proposed 

CMA market investigation. 

regulation of pre-arranged 
funerals HM Treasury 
announced in June 2019. 

The progression of our Transformation Plan

1/

• Modernise the client 

proposition

2/

• Invest in and simplify the  

operating model

3/

• Streamline central support and invest in 
technology to centralise and automate 
administrative processes

Timing will change 
The Group is adapting aspects  
of the Plan pending the outcome  
of the CMA investigation.

Phase 2 

Executing  
the Plan

Phase 1 

Preparation 
and building 
momentum

Phase 3 

Realise the 
Transformation 
Plan

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Forward-looking statements 
This Annual Report and the Dignity plc investor website may contain certain ‘forward-looking statements’ with respect to Dignity plc (“Company”) and the Group’s financial condition, results  
of its operations and business, and certain plans, strategy, objectives, goals and expectations with respect to these items and the economies and markets in which the Group operates. 

Forward-looking statements are sometimes, but not always, identified by their use of a date in the future or such words as ‘anticipates’, ‘aims’, ‘due’, ‘could’, ‘may’, ‘should’, ‘will’, ‘would’,  
‘expects’, ‘believes’, ‘intends’, ‘plans’, ‘targets’, ‘goal’ or ‘estimates’ or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees  
of future performance. By their very nature forward-looking statements are inherently unpredictable, speculative and involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on 
circumstances that will occur in the future. Many of these assumptions, risks and uncertainties relate to factors that are beyond the Group’s ability to control or estimate precisely. There are a 
number of such factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, but 
are not limited to, changes in the economies and markets in which the Group operates; changes in the legal, regulatory and competition frameworks in which the Group operates; changes in  
the markets from which the Group raises finance; the impact of legal or other proceedings against or which affect the Group; changes in accounting practices and interpretation of accounting 
standards under IFRS, and changes in interest and exchange rates. 

Any forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report or the Dignity plc investor website, or made subsequently, which are attributable to the Company or any other member of the 
Group, or persons acting on their behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the factors referred to in this statement. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date it is made. 
Except as required by its legal or statutory obligations, the Company does not intend to update any forward-looking statements. Nothing in this Annual Report or on the Dignity plc investor 
website should be construed as a profit forecast or an invitation to deal in the securities of the Company.   

 
  
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  11

Financial highlights

Revenue(1) 

£338.9m 

(2018: £353.7m)

Dividends paid in the period 

15.74p 

(2018: 24.38p)

Number of deaths 

584,000 

(2018: 599,000)

By division

Funeral services

Underlying revenue(1) 
£203.3m 
(2018: £214.9m)

Crematoria

Underlying revenue(1) 
£76.8m 
(2018: £78.0m)

Pre-arranged funeral plans

Underlying revenue(1) 
£21.2m 
(2018: £22.7m)

Central overheads

Costs 
£47.1m 
(2018: £30.7m)

Operating profit 

£44.8m 

(2018: £75.9m)

Basic earnings per share 

69.8p 

(2018: Loss of 34.0p)

Underlying operating profit 

£63.3m 

(2018: £80.2m)

Underlying earnings per share 

60.6p 

(2018: 85.8p)

Cash generated from operations 

Underlying cash generated from operations 

£64.6m 

(2018: £104.2m)

£71.8m 

(2018: £101.9m)

Group operating profit share (before central 
overheads) (%)

60%

Group underlying operating profit share 
(before central overheads) (%)

59%

Operating profit 
£54.7m 
(2018: £67.0m)

Underlying operating profit 
£56.3m 
(2018: £62.2m)

Group operating profit share (before central 
overheads) (%)

40%

Group underlying operating profit share 
(before central overheads) (%)

41%

Operating profit 
£37.2m 
(2018: £39.6m)

Underlying operating profit 
£38.4m 
(2018: £40.3m)

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Underlying operating profit 
£nil 
(2018: £2.8m)

Underlying costs 
£31.4m 
(2018: £25.1m)

(1) Total underlying revenue was £301.3 million (2018: £315.6 million). On a statutory basis the Group recognised Funeral services revenue of £262.1 million (2018: £275.7 million) and Crematoria 
revenue of £76.8 million (2018: £78.0 million). Pre-arranged funeral plans are not a separate division in statutory terms. 
Prior year adjustments 
The Group has changed its accounting policy in respect of certain pre-arranged funeral plan trusts and the adoption of IFRS 15. This has been applied retrospectively and therefore certain statutory 
amounts have been restated. See accounting policies note for further details. 
Alternative performance measures (APMs) 
The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, APMs are necessary to enable users of the financial statements to fully 
understand the trading performance and financial position of the business. The APMs provided are aligned with those used in the day-to-day management of the business and allow for greater 
comparability across periods. For this reason, the APMs provided exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts and the changes which relate to the adoption of IFRS 15, both of which are 
considered to mask the underlying trading performance of the Group, as well as non-underlying items comprising certain non-recurring and non-trading transactions. Further detail may be  
found on pages 167 and 168.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chairman’s statement 
We are seeking to build a responsive,  
resilient business capable of adapting  
to a backdrop of change

Introduction and overview 
At the outset I would like to thank my 
predecessor, Peter Hindley, who led the 
IPO in 2004 before serving as Chairman for 
a decade leading up to his retirement from 
the Board in June 2019. I am delighted to 
have been invited to become Chairman of 
Dignity and it is a privilege to be involved  
in determining the future direction of the 
UK’s leading funeral services provider.   

The funeral industry is experiencing a 
period of unprecedented change and  
I join as the Group enters the formative 
stages of a radical overhaul, being delivered 
through its Transformation Plan. Given  
my previous experience of change 
management I will bring a fresh perspective 
and encouragement to the Board and the 
many individuals involved in delivering  
what is a major corporate undertaking.  
In essence the complete re-engineering  
of a national, 800 plus branch network 
across the full bandwidth of the business. 

Whilst the backdrop of falling underlying 
operating profit and the suspension of  
the dividend is obviously disappointing  
for shareholders, the senior management 
team deserve credit for their foresight in 
commencing these radical changes at the 
beginning of 2018. This strategic focus  
and determination developed with their 
advisers and project team, has enabled  
the Transformation Plan to run alongside 
business as usual activities ensuring that 
the Group continues to deliver day in day 
out for its customers. It is easy to forget  
that these decisions were taken before the 
Competition and Markets Authority (‘CMA’) 
launched its market study on 1 June 2018. 

Overall 2019 has been a productive year, 
with significant work undertaken to improve 
our client proposition, develop our digital 
presence and build our central capabilities. 

I strongly endorse the leadership role  
the Group has taken in calling for proper 
regulation, both for the at-need sector  
and pre-arranged sector of the funeral 
industry. The lack of regulation in the 
industry will continue to shock members  
of the public when press stories appear 
highlighting poor or scandalous care of  
a family’s loved one. I know that Dignity 
upholds the highest professional standards. 
I also now know that some others do not. 

Clive Whiley, Non-Executive Chairman

“At the moment we are navigating our way 
through a period of unprecedented industry 
and Group change, driven by a rapidly 
changing yet still unregulated marketplace.  
However, I share the Board’s vision for 
stronger regulation of our industry, one in 
which high-quality providers like Dignity can 
thrive, offering the customer competitively 
priced and excellent services.” 

 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  13

Addressing the challenges 
our business and the 
funeral industry faces  

The funeral industry must change.  
This means regulation and we 
support moves to bring this about. 
Customers must be treated fairly 
and be assured of minimum 
acceptable standards whichever 
funeral director they choose.  

This need for regulation applies 
also to pre-arranged funeral plans  
and we have played our part in 
highlighting the questionable 
practices of some providers and 
have welcomed the opinion from  
HM Treasury on regulation. 

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That is why the Group welcomed the  
CMA investigation (which was launched in 
March 2019, shortly after the release of the 
Group’s 2018 preliminary results), even 
though it creates further uncertainty in the 
short-term. This investigation, along with 
HM Treasury’s determination to regulate 
pre-arranged funerals, means that the next  
year or so will be even more challenging. 

Therefore it is undoubtedly true to say  
that at the moment we are navigating our 
way through a period of unprecedented 
industry and Group change, driven by  
a rapidly changing and still unregulated 
marketplace. However, I share the Board’s 
vision for a regulated industry, one in which 
strong and high-quality providers like 
Dignity can thrive, offering the customer 
competitively priced and excellent services. 

That is the goal that we as a Board are 
working towards. We are determined and 
confident that we can get ahead of the 
curve and land in a strong, leadership 
position. This will benefit our customers, 
shareholders and all stakeholders and help 
usher in a new era for the funeral industry.  

Strategy 
In order to achieve our vision and meet  
the challenges we face it is essential that 
our strategy and the plans to support it are 
periodically reviewed to ensure they are still 
fit for purpose. Therefore, as the incoming 
Chairman my priority is to review the 
strategy with the Board, as highlighted  
in our Third Quarter trading update in 
November 2019.  

That review cannot conclude prior to  
the outcome of the CMA’s investigation 
which has the potential to require 
significant change of the industry beyond 
that originally contemplated by our 
Transformation Plan. Hence we are focused 
on how our plans might need to change  
to cover all eventualities and we will report 
further once the CMA position becomes 
clearer. In the meantime, we have paused 
or adapted certain aspects of our plans 
pending the outcome of our review and  
the CMA’s work. Although these plans are 
commercially sensitive, it is unlikely that  

the Group will begin to realise any material 
savings from the transformation until 2021 
(a year later than planned). However, our 
overall expected annualised savings of  
£8 million (increasing to £13 million in  
the longer-term) and investment cost of  
£33 million (net of £17 million disposal 
proceeds) is unchanged. 

Even with this backdrop, several issues and 
priorities requiring focus remain and these 
are as follows: 

Pricing 
There is inescapably downward pressure  
on average incomes. They need to reduce 
to stabilise and ultimately grow market 
share. They will also naturally reduce as 
more and more people select simpler, less 
traditional options such as direct cremation.  
Our proposition and associated pricing 
remain key priorities for 2020 and the  
years ahead. 

Transformation Plan priorities 
The pilot initiatives launched recently are 
providing us with invaluable insight on the 
likely success of new ways of working and 
job roles for operational staff. However,  
the challenge of affecting major change  
to working practices while continuing to  
run a business day-to-day cannot be 
underestimated. This, coupled with the 
scale of the change: 800 plus branches  
and associated new mortuary care centres, 
and deliberate changes to our timing plans 
for the reasons described earlier strongly 
suggest caution with regard to the original 
target date for completion at the end  
of 2021.  

Given this information and the importance 
of getting the customer interface right, we 
as a Board judged it appropriate to signal  
a 12 month extension to ensure a full and 
effective roll out. Change at branch and 
customer level must be permanent and 
entrenched. We will not, and cannot,  
cut corners. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chairman’s statement continued 

A strong business 
Despite the challenges outlined above, the 
2019 performance described in this Annual 
Report clearly demonstrates the underlying 
strength of the business. I am confident 
also that the shifts of emphasis on strategy 
and the Transformation Plan outlined above 
will ensure we remain successful in the 
long-term. 

It is clear that we are changing and we have 
momentum. We have a strategy and a plan 
and we are confident we will achieve our 
goal of transforming the Group.  

Our vision is to lead the industry in terms  
of quality, standards and value-for-money 
and to become the pre-eminent funeral 
services business in the UK. We now offer 
customers an unprecedented and extremely 
competitive range of services and price 
options. This is a sign of our future intent.  

Engaging with the CMA 
We welcomed the CMA’s full market 
investigation into the funeral and 
crematoria sector when it was announced 
in March 2019 and we are cooperating fully. 
Since then we have attended a hearing of 
the CMA panel, facilitated site visits and 
responded to detailed questions necessary 
for a proper analysis of the industry. We 
want to play a leading role as a responsible 
and progressive corporate citizen in the 
funeral industry as it undergoes long 
overdue change. 

The CMA’s work in the sector provides  
an unparalleled opportunity to improve 
standards and protect consumers. UK 
consumers assume all funeral directors are 
the same, that their market is regulated and 
each of them is operating to a consistent  
set of professional standards, when in fact 
none of these statements are true. 

Dignity’s research has shown that 92 per 
cent of consumers did not know that 
funeral directors were not regulated in the 
UK, but once they were aware 80 per cent 
supported regulation to ensure minimum 
standards. The Group would welcome 
regulation which sets out minimum 
standards for core activities such as the  
care of the deceased and minimum 
standards of storage facilities. 

Board changes  
I am pleased to announce today that  
Dean Moore has joined the Group as a  
Non-Executive Director. Given Dean’s 
experience, he will succeed David 
Blackwood as Chair of the Audit Committee 
from the conclusion of the Annual General 
Meeting on 11 June 2020.  

David Blackwood will not seek re-election  
at the AGM and I would like to thank him  
for his involvement in the Group over the 
last five years, in particular for his efforts as 
Interim Chairman prior to my appointment 
on 26 September 2019. 

We continue to seek a further non-executive 
director who can act as Remuneration 
Committee Chair and will make a further 
announcement in due course. 

Governance and Corporate  
Social Responsibility  
Dignity has a strong record of good 
corporate governance and this will continue 
under my chairmanship. 

Regarding corporate responsibility, the Group 
has always operated to high standards of 
corporate behaviour and sought to be a 
responsible corporate citizen. It has valued 
its people and sought to engage in society 
at large, something that comes naturally  
in a business such as ours. We have also 
sought to minimise our impact on the 
environment. We have recognised, 
however, that the major changes afoot 
within the business present an opportunity 
to review our role and performance as a 
good corporate citizen. We provide further 
information on that in our CSR section. 

Our people, culture and values 
Dignity’s strong reputation for customer 
service rests with the diligence and care of 
its front line staff. This culture of caring has 
once again been evident during the work 
the Transformation Team has done on the 
initial branch pilots. Genuine admiration for 
the lengths to which Dignity staff routinely 
go to serve customers has been a constant 
refrain from within the Team.  

Strong governance, leadership  
and purpose  

The Board is fully committed to ensuring that high 
standards of good governance are in place and consistently 
applied in the boardroom and throughout the organisation. 
It will embrace the new UK Corporate Governance Code 
2018, which applies to the Group from next year. 

This pronounces that a positive relationship between 
companies, shareholders and other stakeholders, including 
the workforce is a driver of long-term sustainable growth 
and having a strong workplace culture aligned with the 
Company’s purpose, business strategy and values is an 
essential underpin to any successful business. At Dignity, 
many of these fundamentals already exist, and we  
will continue to look at ways in which we can further 
strengthen and extend our current position in response  
to the new Code. 

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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  15

impact our plans; our Transformation  
Plan is strong however timing needs to  
be amended pending the outcome of  
the CMA investigation, thereby delaying 
anticipated savings. 

The impact of these challenges is currently 
unclear. For example, the draft report from 
the CMA is not anticipated until April or 
May 2020, with their final report currently 
due by the end of September 2020. The 
Board anticipates making further comment 
on the Group’s outlook following the 
release of the Provisional Decision Report. 

Clive Whiley, Non-Executive Chairman  
11 March 2020 

Summary outlook 

• The outcome of the CMA’s 

investigation could materially 
impact the industry and the 
Group.  

• To manage this change we are 
adapting and pausing certain 
aspects of our Transformation Plan. 

• Realisation of cost savings is 

expected to be delayed. 

• There is downward pressure  

on average income per funeral 
and cremation. 

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During the year, the percentage of clients 
who would definitely recommend our 
services increased to 91 per cent (from 90 
per cent), so notwithstanding the changes 
facing the business, client service has not 
been sacrificed in any way. 

This professionalism, pride and empathy 
clearly extends across the whole workforce 
given the outstanding client service 
research results that the Group publishes 
year after year. As the incoming Chairman  
I can only add my voice and thanks to all of 
you who make the Dignity promise come 
alive, especially during these challenging 
times. For us as a Board it is essential that  
in a bid to make the business more efficient 
and effective we do not lose that which 
makes us special: the commitment of  
our people. 

Dividends 
As previously announced, although the 
Group has significant cash resources at 
hand and continues to be cash generative, 
in order to maintain maximum flexibility 
and liquidity during the transformation,  
the Board has concluded that it is prudent 
to temporarily cease dividend payments.  
The Group has an established track  
record of returning cash to shareholders  
at appropriate times over many years  
and once the uncertain competitive 
environment becomes clearer, it anticipates 
resuming dividend payments or returning 
excess cash to shareholders. 

Looking ahead 
We have a strong business that is ready 
and willing to adapt to the challenges 
ahead. However, the challenges are 
significant. Average income per funeral 
and cremation are likely to reduce further; 
the CMA investigation could materially 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chief Executive’s review 
We are adapting and  
responding to change

Mike McCollum, Chief Executive

“We are pleased with progress against our set 
objectives and with our Transformation Plan.  
At the end of the year we began our first 
branch pilot, testing new ways of working at 
three networks in the Midlands. These pilots 
have yielded invaluable insights and very 
significant encouragement about the 
potential to enhance our level of service  
to the customer. 

Our digital presence has grown strongly,  
and alongside significant work on our pricing 
and proposition, we are seeing market share 
responding in a more positive way than two 
years ago. Central capabilities have been 
developed. All this work has also been 
achieved whilst improving the service 
provided to our clients.” 

Overview and performance  
In 2019 we posted another resilient 
performance amid unprecedented change 
in the funeral industry. We met market 
expectations and delivered an operating 
performance in line with the Board’s 
expectations, allowing for the significantly 
lower number of deaths particularly in  
the first half of the year. Our market  
share remained robust, demonstrating a 
continued positive response to the Group’s 
updated service offer and price points 
introduced since January 2018. Lower 
deaths and the expected reduction in 
average funeral income meant that 
underlying operating profit decreased  
by 21 per cent (to £63.3 million). Average 
income per funeral was down from £2,973 
to £2,930. The funeral mix continues to 
evolve in the light of new service offers  
and ongoing pricing trials and we continue 
to make good progress in identifying the 
best balance between price and service 
offer. Our crematoria and pre-arranged 
funeral plan businesses also performed 
well. Average income per cremation was 
£1,186 (2018: £1,197), reflecting the 
evolving mix of our locations and  
service offerings. 

We are pleased with progress against our 
set objectives and with our Transformation 
Plan which we set out in detail in last year’s 
Annual Report. In 2019, activity has been 
focused on all aspects of the Plan. We 
commenced one of the most radical, 
complicated and challenging elements  
of our Transformation Plan, transforming 
our branches, working in materially 
different ways and changing our processes 
and the way we arrange funerals for  
our customers. These branch pilots have 
yielded invaluable insights and very 
significant encouragement about the 
potential to enhance our level of service to 
the customer. Further pilots will build on 
the lessons learned from earlier ones. 

As our new Chairman, Clive Whiley, 
indicated in his statement, given the 
profound impact the CMA investigation 
could have on the size and shape of our 
business we have decided to delay the  
roll-out of key aspects of our Transformation 
Plan. Expected savings will therefore be 
realised later than originally anticipated.  

The arrival of Clive in September has 
provided fresh focus and additional 
perspective and under his leadership the 
Board is reviewing the Group’s strategy  
and Transformation Plan.  

 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  17

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The Board recognises that there is still  
a lot of work to do but we are confident  
of achieving our goals. We have the 
platform, focus and ambition to get ahead 
of the competitive curve and to continue  
to provide sustainable growth while 
maintaining the highest possible standards 
of customer service. The fundamentals  
of our business remain compelling and 
strong in an industry experiencing 
unprecedented change and scrutiny. 

Much of this scrutiny has come from the 
CMA and HM Treasury. On 28 March 2019 
the CMA confirmed its widely anticipated 
full market investigation into the funeral 
and crematoria sector. We made clear our 
support for such an investigation in the 
interest of helping to create a properly 
regulated industry while highlighting a 
number of important issues. In last year’s 
Annual Report we published extracts from 
our response to the CMA and since then 
we have established a strong working 
group of internal and external colleagues. 
The Group has continued to engage with 
the CMA to provide it with detailed 

information on the Group’s at-need  
and crematoria markets and its wider 
observations on these markets generally. 
The CMA has started to release its working 
papers and is expected to issue its 
Provisional Decision Report in April or May. 

At this point it is worth restating what  
I said in last year’s Annual Report. A CMA 
investigation will last many months and,  
if other market investigations are a guide, 
will generate much interest and comment, 
some of it hostile towards major industry 
players like ourselves. However, it is 
important for our stakeholders and 
interested parties to remember that what 
matters is the outcome and findings of  
the investigation, not the inevitable twists, 
turns and commentary.  

Meanwhile, in a separate development, 
the Group continues to anticipate Financial 
Conduct Authority (‘FCA’) regulation of  
pre-arranged funerals and is preparing 
accordingly. In June 2019 HM Treasury 
confirmed consumer detriment is present 
in the funeral plan market, and that the 

government has maintained its position 
that bringing funeral plan providers within 
the remit of the FCA would be the most 
effective policy response for strengthening 
the regulation of the market. The Group 
welcomed this decision as, for a long time, 
it has led the industry in best practice and 
called for regulation of the pre-arranged 
funeral sector to protect customers. 
Dignity’s research, published together with 
Fairer Finance, has highlighted the poor 
sales practices and financial management 
risks that certain providers engage in.  
The Group currently anticipates regulation  
in approximately two years time and  
is planning accordingly. 

Where we are now 
The Transformation Plan is helping us  
to build a distinctive and powerful market 
offer. We are delivering a differentiated 
customer experience and we remain 
determined to meet stakeholder 
expectations. One of the key objectives of 
the Transformation Plan is to mobilise our 
funeral arrangers. We have concluded an 
initial branch pilot and the response from 

The right strategy  
for change and delivering 
our Transformation Plan 

We have acted with speed and purpose 
in the light of unprecedented changes to 
our industry. Our focus is on delivering 
our Transformation Plan while at the 
same time continuing to deliver day in 
day out for our customers. 

The Group is adapting aspects of the  
Plan pending the outcome of the CMA 
investigation. 

Our opportunity is clear 
We have a clear opportunity to ensure 
the business is fit for the future, whatever 
that may bring. The uncertainty of the 
CMA investigation means that we do 
however need to plan carefully to ensure 
we can respond to any outcome without 
wasting resources in the meantime. 

Our Strategic priorities

1/ Identify the appropriate 

propositions and price points  
to stabilise and then grow  
market share. 

2/ Modernise the ways of working 
with appropriate technology to 
enhance client service. 

3/ Adapt our plans as necessary to 

respond to the CMA investigation. 

4/ Balance keeping the 
momentum of the 
transformation, without 
wasting time or capital on 
aspects that may need 
adjustment before 
implementation. 

5/ Ensure decisions support 
excellent client service. 

The progression of our Transformation Plan

Phase 2 

Executing  
the Plan

Phase 1 

Preparation 
and building 
momentum

Phase 3 

Realise the 
Transformation 
Plan

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chief Executive’s review continued 

customers and staff has been very 
positive. We are confident that the 
significant work put into the design of  
the pilots is paying off.  

For example approximately 50 per cent  
of funeral arrangements are now being 
made in the client’s home in the pilot area. 
However, no pilot is perfect, and we are 
currently understanding how things  
should be refined to address areas for 
improvement. 

We have made further good progress on 
identifying the optimum price/service mix. 
We have not however completely stabilised 
our funeral market share which saw a 
small like-for-like decline in 2019. Work 
continues to develop and launch various 
trials to gain additional understanding. 
However we do expect a further reduction 
in average funeral income will be necessary 
to stabilise and then grow market share. 

Whilst we have described a conscious 
pausing of aspects of the transformation, 
our overall expectations of realising net 
annualised savings of £8 million, growing 
to £13 million in due course, from a net 
investment of £33 million, remain 
unchanged at this time.  

I am also pleased with our progress in 
marketing and the digital arena. Customers 
are changing the way they make their 
decisions and it is important we are visible, 
transparent and have an attractive 
proposition that represents good value. 

Finally, our pre-need and crematoria 
businesses continue to perform well relative 
to their markets. However, we are mindful 
of the pressure possible on average income 
per cremation as customers make 
alternative choices.  

Purpose and vision  
We have a clear purpose. We are here  
to help people at one of the most difficult 
times in their lives and we are honoured  
to serve the communities we are part  
of. Listening to our customers and 
understanding their changing attitudes 
and lifestyles drives what we do as a 
business. Every day we want to meet  
and exceed our customers’ expectations. 
We aim to do this by delivering excellent 
client service through the continued 
dedication of our people and by serving  
our customers with expertise, compassion 
and commitment.  

Our vision is to lead the funeral industry  
in terms of quality, standards and value-
for-money. To achieve this we are building 
a more coherent, cohesive and technology- 
enabled business, one geared to meeting 
the changing needs of our customers. In 
addition, we have always taken our role as 
a responsible corporate citizen extremely 
seriously and recognised that our broader 
role in society goes beyond just creating 
value for our shareholders. We will 
therefore continue to be a responsible  
and sustainable business, determined to 
meet both our social responsibilities and 
the expectations of all our stakeholders.  

People and culture  
Our people will be central to whether our 
transformation succeeds. Perhaps the 
most crucial group will be those who have 
direct contact with our customers. It is 
essential that our service levels, of which 
we are justly proud, do not falter. We help 
people at an extremely vulnerable time in 
their lives which means that we are a truly 
people business. This means that our 
employees must be caring, thoughtful and 
truly engaged with our customers. Their 
continued care and commitment is the 
bedrock on which this Group and its 
culture are based, something that has 
been described as ‘The Dignity Way’. 

Managers across the business also have  
a major responsibility during this time of 
change to keep close to their teams, to 
encourage and to lead by example. The 
same is true of the Board. We have a duty 
to make the best decisions we can but also 
to make sure that we communicate well 
and lead by example. 

CMA investigation into  
the funeral industry 

Introduction and overview 
A lot has happened since we announced 
a reduction to our pricing in January 
2018. The CMA is the UK’s competition 
authority. It is an independent, non-
ministerial government department  
with responsibility for carrying out 
investigations into mergers, markets and 
the regulated industries and enforcing 
competition and consumer law. In June 
2018 it announced a market study into 
the funeral industry 'to review how  
well the market works and whether 
consumers are getting a good deal.’  

In November 2018 it published its interim 
report and consultation, part of which 
proposed that an 18-month market 
investigation should be conducted by the 
CMA to consider how the market could 
be made to work better.  

As a leading player in the funeral  
industry and a long-standing campaigner 
for its regulation, Dignity welcomed  
the CMA’s interest in the funeral industry 
and made two public statements in 
response. The first, in November 2018 
was an immediate response on the day 
of the release of the CMA’s interim report. 
The second, in January 2019, was in 
response to an invitation by the CMA  
for views from interested parties on  
the issues raised in its report. Details  
of these responses can be found in  
last year’s Annual Report or on the 
Group’s website. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  19

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HM Treasury – Opinion 
on statutory regulation 
of pre-arranged funerals 
through the Financial 
Conduct Authority 

In June 2019, HM Treasury announced 
its opinion that it would be appropriate 
to introduce statutory regulation of 
pre-arranged funerals through the 
Financial Conduct Authority. Dignity’s 
recent research, published together 
with Fairer Finance, has highlighted 
the poor sales practices and financial 
management risks that certain 
providers engage in. The Group 
welcomes this opinion from HM 
Treasury as, for a long time, it has led 
the industry in best practice and called 
for regulation of the pre-arranged 
funeral sector to protect consumers.  

The Group continues to anticipate 
regulation of pre-arranged funerals  
in approximately two years and is 
preparing accordingly. 

“The Group welcomes this 
opinion from HM Treasury as,  
for a long time, it has led the 
industry in best practice and 
called for regulation of the  
pre-arranged funeral sector  
to protect consumers.”

Update and Dignity’s response 
Since then, in March 2019, the CMA 
confirmed its widely anticipated market 
investigation into the funeral and 
crematoria markets. Dignity welcomed  
the investigation and is cooperating  
fully with the CMA. In particular, it has 
established a strong working group of 
internal and external resource and will 
seek to focus on these key areas: 

• Quality of service provided to  

meet customer needs; 

• Regulation of the industry to protect 

customers; and 

• Capital employed in the crematoria. 

2019

1/ Dignity has received and is 

responding to several working 
papers on the qualitative aspects  
of funeral and crematoria provision. 
Dignity believes that improving the 
qualitative aspects of the funeral 
industry is an important part of 
delivering customer value. 

2/ Further, Dignity has received  

and is responding to a number  
of working papers relating to 
regulation remedies and increased 
price transparency of the funeral 
market. Dignity has repeatedly called 
for regulation of the funeral sector 
and will continue to work with the 
CMA to assist in the development of 
an appropriate regulatory standard.  

3/ Dignity continues to highlight the 
capital intensive nature of building 
new crematoria and continues to 
work with the CMA in its analysis  
of this area.

Where we are now 
Dignity has attended a hearing of the 
CMA’s panel, facilitated site visits and  
has responded to detailed questions 
necessary for a proper analysis of  
the industry.

2018

CMA announced  
a market study  
into the funeral 
industry.  
November 2018  
CMA issued funeral 
market study 
interim report and 
consultation.

In April 2019 CMA’s 
issue statement 
published.

2021

2018

Dignity’s response  
to interim report.

2019

Dignity letter issued 
in January 2019.

2020

Dignity awaiting 
CMA’s announcement 
and conclusions.

Next steps and timeline 
The CMA has published a number  
of working papers as it gathers and 
analyses evidence. Dignity is responding 
to these papers where appropriate. 
The papers are expected to form the 
basis of the Provisional Decision Report 
which is due to be released in April or 
May 2020. A period of consultation will 
follow, culminating in the release of the 
Final Report, which – according to the 
CMA’s current published timetable – 
must be issued by 27 September 2020. 
The CMA may propose remedies or 
regulation to improve how the market 
works for consumers. 

The CMA can seek an extension of six 
months to this timeline, if they consider  
it necessary.

“We hope that through its investigation, the CMA is able to 
create a framework that ensures that customers are supported,  
feel respected and are able to exercise the choices available  
to them in an informed way.”

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chief Executive’s review continued 
The funeral market is  
significantly changing

Market context 

The UK funeral market 
The UK funeral market is getting more 
dynamic. The internet continues to change 
everything, and consumer behaviour is 
evolving rapidly. The death rate has slowly 
decreased while the number of funeral 
directors has increased rapidly. There are 
around 30 per cent fewer deaths per funeral 
director in the UK compared to 25 years ago.   

Scale and structure of the market 
The funeral director market remains  
very fragmented, with approximately two 
thirds of funeral directors being small 
owner managed businesses. There are 
approximately 300 crematoria in the  
UK, with circa 64 per cent owned by local 
authorities. It is estimated that three 
quarters of all funerals result in a cremation 
with the remainder being burials. 

Changes in the competitive  
dynamics of the sector 
The funeral market is already extremely 
competitive, however, more can be done to 
improve the ability of customers to exercise 
the choice that exists, especially through 
greater pricing transparency. In addition  
we have a growing and ageing population. 
In short, the changing way in which people 
are choosing to arrange a funeral and  
what they value drives how we evolve  
and modernise our services to support 
them better and meet their priorities  
and expectations.  

Deaths in Great Britain 
In 2019 the initial publication of recorded 
total estimated deaths in Britain for 52 
weeks was 584,000, two and a half percent 
lower than the 52 weeks in 2018. Some of 
the Group’s key performance indicators rely 
on the total number of estimated deaths 
for each period and this information is 
obtained from the Office for National 
Statistics (ONS). Although annual deaths 

A Changing Funeral Market

Updated data from ONS 
Latest ONS expectations increase 
the anticipated number of deaths 
from 2020 onwards.

Increasing competition 
The UK market is already very competitive 
and increasingly dynamic. The number of 
funeral directors has increased rapidly, the 
internet continues to change everything and 
consumer behaviour is evolving quickly. 

have declined significantly since the early 
1990s from 640,000 to a low of 539,000 in 
2011, the last five years have seen deaths 
above that level. The ONS expects long- 
term increases in the number of deaths.  
These estimates were updated by ONS  
in October 2019, increasing expectations  
by approximately 20,000 per year. They 
anticipate approximately 600,000 deaths  
in 2020, increasing to approximately 
740,000 in 2040.   

78% 

The proportion of funerals 
involving a cremation has 
grown in the past 60 years, 
from 35 per cent in 1960 to 
78 per cent in 2019. 

Source: Cremation Society Statistics 

Increase 

In low-cost and 
alternative funeral 
arrangements. 

Deaths in Great Britain 
Long-term expectations are for the number of deaths to  
reach 740,000 by 2040.

Changing Expectations

900,000 
800,000 
700,000 
600,000 
500,000 
400,000 
300,000 
200,000 
100,000 
0

• Regulation & Standards 

• Flexibility & Choice 

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

• Connecting Digitally 

Source: Office For National Statistics

£ £

• Price & Affordability 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
We are progressing our  
Transformation Plan

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019 |  21

Our Transformation Journey – where  
we are now 

Strategic priorities and areas  
of focus 

Good progress has been made in understanding the changing 
relationship between prices and our market share. This has been 
supported by tremendous work to develop our online presence 
and new customer literature. Alongside this, successful tests of 
new ways of working and positive responses to our new branding, 
provide a good position to progress further changes.

We have to be mindful of our priorities given the outcome of  
the CMA investigation is unknown. That said, our priorities are: 

• understanding the most appropriate price and service offer  

for the future; 

• continuing to roll out new ways of working supported by 

appropriate technology; and 

• continuing to build a leading digital presence. 

Components of the Transformation Plan

1/

Modernise the client 
proposition 

2/

Invest in and simplify the  
operating model 

• Implement more client-centric  

• Separate front and back of house. 

service model. 

• Launch new product and  

pricing structure. 

• Build national brands  

(Dignity and Simplicity Cremations).

• Right-sized branch network. 

• Scale operating networks.

3/

Streamline central support 
and invest in technology to 
centralise and automate 
administrative processes 

• Simplified, focused management 

structure. 

• Invest in support capabilities  

and IT systems.

The progression of our Transformation Plan

Phase 2 

Executing  
the Plan

Phase 1 

Preparation 
and building 
momentum

Phase 3 

Realise the 
Transformation 
Plan

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Financial implications 

We continue to anticipate a net investment of £33 million 
to deliver £8 million of annualised savings in the near 
term, increasing to £13 million over time. As detailed 
earlier, this will take a little longer to realise.

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22  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chief Executive’s review continued 
We are progressing our Transformation Plan continued 

New advertising campaigns for 
Simplicity Cremations launched 

2019 saw further trials of Simplicity 
campaigns and their success is 
encouraging. At-need Simplicity  
volumes have increased 117 per cent 
year-on-year in aggregate. 

1/

2/ 3/

Modernise the client 
proposition

Our initiatives cover four  
core areas: 

• Implementing new technologies 

to support the arrangement 
process. 

• Trialling of different service 

propositions. 

• Continued marketing and 

development of the Simplicity 
Cremations brand and 
proposition. 

• Build a national Dignity brand. 

Pilot networks

We are trialling and testing response to  
new technologies and different service 
propositions 

The Group continues to trial various propositions at different  
price points. At its core is a move away from a packaged service 
offering to an unbundled approach, where customers can 
personalise their own requirements. 

Initial launch and testing response 
Initial launch and testing response 
to our new Dignity brand 
to our new Dignity brand 

In 2019, we began to introduce new 
In 2019, we began to introduce new 
signage on our locations, supported  
signage on our locations, supported  
by new marketing literature using the  
by new marketing literature using the  
new brand identity. 
new brand identity. 

 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  23

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Increasing our focus on client 
service and community 
engagement 

By providing staff with roles focusing 
on their strengths either in the front  
or back of house, those tasked with 
arranging funerals can spend more 
time focusing on client service and 
getting involved in their local 
communities.

1/

2/

3/

Invest in and simplify 
the operating model

Our initiatives cover three  
core areas: 

• Separation of front of house and 

back of house activities. 

• Focus on operational efficiency 
through the use of technology. 

• Right size the operational 

network. 

Front of house

We are trialling mobile technology  
We are trialling mobile technology  
for client facing arrangers 

We have launched trials of new ways of working and 
We have launched trials of new ways of working and 
operational management in three pilot networks and  
operational management in three pilot networks and  
we are mobilising our funeral managers to enable them 
we are mobilising our funeral managers to enable them 
to respond more proactively to clients’ needs.

Back of house

New resource management tool 
New resource management tool 

A new resource management tool is in place. This initial 
A new resource management tool is in place. This initial 
version provides the basic functionality to manage  
version provides the basic functionality to manage  
staff and vehicle resources more efficiently. It will be 
ciently. It will be 
enhanced over time with greater functionality.
enhanced over time with greater functionality.

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Chief Executive’s review continued 
We are progressing our Transformation Plan continued 

Modern telephone system 
implemented in our Client  
Service Centre 

A new telephone system has been 
implemented at our Client Service 
Centre in Sutton Coldfield to help 
enhance our business resilience and  
to use the latest technology to improve 
the way we interact with our clients. 

1/

2/ 3/

Streamline central 
support and invest  
in technology to 
centralise and automate 
administrative processes

Our initiatives cover four  
core areas: 

• Introduction of consistent 

management roles. 

• Use of technology to enhance 
customer service and improve 
operational efficiency. 

• Evolving operational and 

business reporting for the new 
ways of working and changing 
competitive environment. 

• Implementation of a modern 

source-to-pay solution to support 
efficient procurement. 

We have an IT strategy in place  
to support change 

Technology is central to our transformation plans and 
selecting appropriate solutions for each task is critical  
to their success. 

Modern source-to-pay solution for 
procurement activities 

This system will give staff a more efficient way of 
ordering items they need and to process the purchase 
efficiently. It will also help to ensure we can realise 
synergies from our size by ensuring the correct 
suppliers are used.

Tablet-based arrangement 
software 

The pilot networks are trialling a new 
tablet-based software to help the client 
understand the funeral arrangements 
they are making. 

 
 
 
 
 
We are transforming through 
continued collaboration 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  | 25

Our people and culture matter during 
and beyond Transformation 

A strong culture and shared values across  
our business 
Everyone at Dignity recognises the important part they 
play in helping clients at one of the most difficult times  
in their lives. The transformation is about enhancing  
the service we provide. It is not about compromising  
on standards. To achieve this, it is vital that our staff 
understand our plans at the appropriate times; receive 
the correct training to perform their roles to the best  
of their ability; and receive constructive feedback on  
how they have performed. 

It is inevitably an uncertain time for staff. Sadly, a small 
number of people did choose to take redundancy  
as part of the implementation of our pilot networks. 
However, others also saw their roles changed for the 
better, received promotions and are now enjoying new 
challenges in the business. 

“During and after this change we will continue to 
be a caring business with core values built around 
quality, providing excellent customer service and 
high standards of care.” 

Mike McCollum, Chief Executive

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We are a caring business 

What we are here to do: 
To help people at one of the most difficult times  
in their lives. 

How we do this: 
By helping to create unique and personal funerals,  
done with care, compassion, respect, knowledge and 
professionalism. 

What we want to be: 
The company that everyone knows they can trust in 
their time of need. 

What we stand for  

•  It’s the promise we make to our customers; 
•  It’s the purpose we have as a business, why we exist; 
•  It’s the values we stand for that guide our behaviour; 
•  It’s the quality of the products we sell and services  

we deliver; 

•  It’s the expectations of our customer service 

standards; 

•  It’s the experiences we create; 
•  It’s the way we communicate; 
•  It’s the way we work with suppliers; 
•  It’s the way we treat the environment; and 
•  It’s the way we treat each other. 

From Good to Great 

Good to Great is how we describe our Transformation 
Plan internally. We do a good job (and actually provide 
excellent client service), but we can do better: we can 
provide an even better service; we can enhance our 
facilities where needed; we can avoid some of the  
small things that sometimes go wrong by paying  
even greater attention to detail. 

Putting this all together, we can go from Good to Great. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Chief Executive’s review continued 
Leading the way in increasing 
choice for consumers 

Reflecting  
a changing  
society

Playing a leading role in the funeral industry 

A research report by Trajectory and Simplicity Cremations 

As one of the leading funeral services providers in the UK, we are committed to 
increasing choice for consumers and ensuring there is a wide range of options  
available to them at different price points. 

Our study, ‘Low-cost and alternative funeral solutions’, adds to the range of research 
we have undertaken in recent years, with the intention of creating a robust evidence 
base grounded in consumer insight that allows us to better understand what people 
want and need from the funeral sector. 

The report comes at a time when 
policymakers are considering their 
approach to the funeral industry.  
The CMA is expected to publish its 
recommendations for the funeral market 
later this year, the Department for Work 
and Pensions (DWP) is currently exploring 
options for improving the Social Fund 
Funeral Expenses Payment, and the 
Scottish Government is undertaking 
significant work on funeral costs and 
standards. The recent decision by DWP  
to increase the value of the Social Fund 
Funeral Expenses Payment reflects the 
willingness of policymakers to act in this 
area, and the wider collaboration of agents 
operating in the funeral market whether 
parliamentarians, funeral directors, 
crematoria, faith groups, celebrants  
and importantly consumer groups. 

We hope that this research will prove 
useful as policymakers consider the 
changes currently taking place in the 
sector, and the policy changes that are 
required to ensure consumers get the best 
possible outcomes. At the same time we 
will continue to facilitate and encourage 
greater collaboration across the industry 
and with others who have an interest  
in the sector. 

Our report considers consumer  
awareness of, and attitudes towards, a 
range of low-cost and alternative funeral 
solutions, including direct cremation, 
natural burial, DIY funerals, state support 
and even donating to medical science. 
Findings highlight the discomfort some 
people feel in selecting low-cost and 
alternative funerals. Many hold back due  
to a lack of awareness, explicit instruction 
or because they feel judged if they deviate 
from a traditional funeral and go against 
perceived societal and cultural norms.  

In our conclusion we set out a series  
of recommendations directed at both 
policymakers and the industry for how  
we believe less traditional solutions can  
be normalised, creating an environment 
where people can freely select the funeral 
they and their loved ones want. 

In most cases a traditional funeral probably 
will remain the option that most closely fits 
a person’s needs, but it should not be their 
only option. There is no one reason why 
consumers may want to explore low-cost 
or alternative options: for some it is about 
need, others what they want, and finally for 
others what they can afford. Whatever the 
reason, people should have a choice. 

At Dignity we have led the way in increasing 
choice for consumers. We were the first 
funeral director to offer a national direct 
cremation service and have built on this  
by developing our Simplicity Cremations 
brand which offers a range of lower cost 
and alternative funeral services. 

But we also recognise that some 
consumers who choose a more traditional 
funeral will also need help with funeral 
costs. That is why we have been working 
closely with both the DWP and the Scottish 
Government to ensure the state benefit 
system works for those arranging a funeral.  
We have offered to look at aligning our 
processes where possible to make the 
application process smoother and have 
reduced our prices significantly with  
more to come. 

“We will continue to facilitate and 
encourage greater collaboration 
across the industry and with 
others who have an interest  
in the sector.”

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leading through change 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  27

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Q&A with  
Mike McCollum,  
Chief Executive

Q/A

Q/ Are the pilots proving more 

Q/ How have staff reacted? 

problematic than first 
anticipated? 

No. On the contrary, our first branch  
pilots have been exciting and encouraging. 
Approximately 50 per cent of funeral 
arrangements are now being made  
in the clients’ home in the pilot area,  
a key objective of the Transformation Plan 
being to mobilise our funeral arrangers. 
However, you cannot underestimate the 
challenge of implementing major changes  
to working practices while continuing to  
run an 800 branch business. Given that we 
are determined to embed real change we 
have made the right decision to extend  
the timescale. We will not, and must not, 
 cut corners on this crucial aspect of our  
business, the customer interface. 

Q/ What findings from the pilots have 

really surprised you? 

What has really surprised and impressed 
members of the Transformation Team 
working with branch colleagues has been  
the levels of commitment and willingness  
to go the extra mile for customers. This  
has not been a surprise to me as the Board 
has long known that it is our people who 
provide our ‘X factor’. However, I have been 
pleased, and perhaps a little surprised, by 
their enthusiasm for radical and challenging 
change. We are asking people to work in 
materially different ways, changing processes 
and the way we arrange funerals for our 
customers. In addition to that, there have 
been a myriad of insights, many small, but  
all contributing to a growing confidence  
that the offer to our customers will be 
significantly enhanced when the 
Transformation Plan is completed. 

As I have mentioned previously, it appears  
that staff so far have reacted very positively 
but we cannot be complacent. Improved 
employee engagement has been a major 
priority this year and we have taken 
significant steps to improve it through 
initiatives such as our Employee Forum.   
We have worked hard to ensure we can 
deliver the necessary changes at branch  
level and that employees can provide 
feedback and are properly informed and 
trained. In addition we have created a much 
larger Human Resources function with a 
wider range of additional skill sets to ensure 
it properly fits the needs of our employees 
and the business during, and following,  
this period of change.   

Q/ How disappointed are you by the 
one year delay in completing the 
Group's transformation? 

The most important thing is getting the 
transformation of our business implemented 
properly and sustainably. A cosmetic exercise 
would not take us very far into the future  
and from the outset we were determined  
to make fundamental changes, however far 
reaching the impact. I believe our investors 
and stakeholders understand that we are in 
this for the long haul and that in the greater 
scheme of things, a year’s delay is a price  
well worth paying if it means we get it right. 

Q/ When will you have full clarity on 
the best price/service offer mix? 

Our funeral mix continues to evolve in the 
light of new service offers and ongoing 
pricing trials and we continue to make good 
progress in identifying the best balance 
between our price and service offer. We  
have not however completely stabilised our 
funeral market share which saw a small  
like-for-like decline in 2019. Work continues 
to gain additional understanding. However,  
we are not yet in a position to provide full 
clarity on the best price/service offer mix. 

Vision 

Our vision is to lead the funeral industry 
in terms of quality, standards and 
value-for- money. To achieve this we 
are building a more coherent, cohesive 
and technology-enabled business, one 
geared to meeting the changing needs 
of our customers. In addition, we have 
always taken our role as a responsible 
corporate citizen extremely seriously 
and have recognised that our broader 
role in society goes beyond just 
creating value for our shareholders. 
We will continue to be a responsible 
and sustainable business, determined 
to meet both our social responsibilities 
and the expectations of all our 
stakeholders. 

Mike McCollum, Chief Executive 
11 March 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Strategy and business model 
Evolving our strategy to create  
and deliver sustainable value

2018 marked the start of a new strategy for the  
Group in response to a quickly changing competitive 
landscape and this approach was maintained in 2019. 

Our strategic objectives 

Our overall strategic approach 

Protect market share and reposition the  
Group for growth 

Our strategic objectives and the means of delivering  
them are based on the following four key elements: 

Our key strategic objective and priority continues  
to be to protect market share and reposition the  
Group for growth.  

How: 

• By offering a wide choice of new price points and  

services to our clients while preserving our unrivalled 
levels of service.   

• By continuing to prioritise excellent client service 

regardless of market segment which we believe will  
lead to organic growth. 

• Our Transformation Plan will result in our funeral 

operations being organised to run more efficiently  
and effectively. 

Establish new market positioning   

We establish ourselves as the best value service provider  
in the market. 

How: 

• By combining our unrivalled service levels based  
on historic, long-term investment, with a new, 
competitively priced range of service and product 
options for clients. 

• Through our comprehensive digital strategy be the 

leading online presence in the funeral sector. 

• Build our brands to stand out in an increasingly 

commoditised and competitive market. 

Re-base the business model and market expectations 

Find the optimum relationship between price, service  
and demand for our funeral business going forward. 

How: 

• By continuing to gauge market response to various 
pricing and service scenarios while maintaining our  
high levels of professional service and care. 

• Segmented approach to the market, borne out by the 
developments of the Simplicity Cremations business. 

           Continue to build on the strong fundamentals  
1/

of the business and use these as a platform  
for change 

These strengths, which derive from our well-established 
and highly regarded local businesses, our proven ability  
to deliver exceptional service and strong corporate 
governance, allows us to remain robust and flexible  
in the face of change. 

           Be more distinctive in the marketplace 
2/
Define clear market positions and build on our positive 
reputation, and business, by delivering a high-quality  
and value-for-money service. 

delivering our services for customers 

           Embrace technology in developing and  
3/
Efficient use of appropriate technology will help to  
create significant improvements in how the Group 
operates, understands its business and delivers 
outstanding service to its clients. 

           Continue to be a good corporate citizen 
4/
Corporate responsibility is integral to our business  
as it supports the delivery of our strategy and aligns  
with our values.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  29

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How we operate

Creating and  
delivering value

Operating profitably and efficiently: 

• Our consistent track record in strong cash generation and financial  
discipline enables us to reinvest and grow the business. We generate 
revenues from new and returning customers. This discipline means that  
we expect to fund the Transformation Plan from existing resources.  

Controlling and measuring performance: 

• We do this by making well informed decisions, supported by careful  
risk management and good governance. 

Operating responsibly: 

• We do this through embedded policies and robust initiatives, appropriate  
to the distinct needs of our stakeholders, alongside reducing our impact  
on the environment and making a positive social impact. 

Maintaining performance across our operations: 

• We strive to provide our clients with the highest standards of facilities, 
service and care. We achieve this by our commitment to continuous 
improvement and investment in our portfolio and consistently  
delivering excellent client service. 

Building strong relationships: 

• Our clients are the foundation of our business and their trust is  
earned through our actions both individually and as a Group. 

• Our people are our most important asset and we value and invest in  
them as they are integral to the delivery of our strategic objectives. 

• For shareholders, our priority is to reposition the Group for  
long-term success. 

• We play an important part in, and are valued by, the local communities  
we serve and we are committed to making a difference.

Our clients  

• Our objective is to be the company 
that everyone knows they can trust  
in their time of need. We achieve this 
through continuous improvement 
and delivering products and services  
to our clients. 

Our people 

• We believe that the quality of our 

people is a strong enabler of business 
growth. We value our people and 
they are a great asset. We support 
them by recognising and rewarding 
performance and long service plays  
a key part in this. 

Our shareholders  

• We aim to deliver the best possible 
operational performance from  
the business to deliver maximum 
returns to our shareholders over  
the long-term. 

Communities 

• Contributing to the communities  
in which we operate benefits both 
local people and our business.  
It enhances our profile and 
reputation and promotes employee 
engagement.

Governance 

Risk 

KPIs 

Remuneration 

Our approach to good 
governance continues to be 
robust and effective. Clear 
Board roles and governance 
processes offer balance and 
experience to our strong 
executive team, helping drive 
strategic and performance 
progress. 

Dignity has a well-established 
risk management process  
which is embedded within  
its business to support the 
identification and effective 
management of risks  
across the business. 

The Group uses both  
non-financial and financial  
KPIs to manage the business 
and ensure the Group’s 
strategy and objectives are 
being delivered.  

Our strategy is focused on 
delivering short and long-term 
financial performance. Earnings 
targets, share price return and 
the achievement of strategic 
objectives are measures of 
performance used to incentivise 
Executive Directors to deliver 
the Group’s strategy. 

See p.61

See p.46

See p.30

See p.77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Key performance indicators 
Measuring our  
performance 

The link between our  
strategy and our KPIs

Historical KPIs remain 
relevant 

The Group has had a 
consistent set of KPIs used 
to monitor the performance 
of the business against its 
strategy for many years. 
These KPIs have continued 
to remain relevant during 
the changes in the last year. 
Financial KPIs are measured 
by reference to underlying 
operating performance and 
are therefore unaffected  
by the accounting policy 
changes made in the period. 

How we measure  
performance  

• We monitor our performance 
by measuring and tracking 
KPIs that we believe are 
important to our longer-term 
success. 

• Each KPI reflects a 

quantifiable measure of 
different aspects of the 
Group’s strategy. They act  
as headlines for the Board, 
allowing them to use more 
detailed management 
information to consider the 
Group’s strategy and financial 
performance in greater depth 
where appropriate. 

• Our KPIs and goals are set  
to measure our progress  
in improving our financial 
performance and in 
embedding sustainable  
long-term growth. 

Our KPIs are aligned with  
our strategic objectives 

All KPIs are focused on 
ensuring that the Group 
delivers the strategy set at  
the beginning of 2018.  
No particular KPI is solely 
relevant to one aspect of  
the Group’s strategy. 

Financial

Delivering 
Excellent  
Client  
Service

Strategic & 
Operational

Financial KPIs

Underlying earnings 
per share 
(pence)

60.6p

Underlying cash generated  
from operations 
(£m)

£71.8m

85.8p

60.6p

Definition 
This is underlying profit after 
tax divided by the weighted 
average number of Ordinary 
Shares in issue in the period. 

Developments in 2019 
The reduction follows the 
decrease in underlying 
operating profit.

£101.9m

£71.8m

2018

2019

2018

2019

Definition 
This is the statutory cash 
generated from operations 
excluding non-underlying 
items and the impact of the 
change in pre-need trust 
accounting and IFRS 15. 

Developments in 2019 
The Group continues to 
convert operating profit into 
cash efficiently, subject to 
timing differences and cash 
incurred in respect of 
commission payments.

Underlying 
operating profit 
(£m)

£63.3m

Average income  
per funeral 
(£)

£2,930

£80.2m

£63.3m

2018

2019

Definition 
This is the statutory operating 
profit of the Group excluding 
non-underlying items and the 
impact of the change in pre-
need trust accounting and 
IFRS 15. 

Developments in 2019 
Underlying operating profit 
declined year-on-year, 
primarily driven by lower 
deaths, lower average 
incomes and ongoing  
cost inflation.

£2,973

£2,930

Definition 
Net underlying funeral 
revenue divided by the 
number of funerals 
performed in the  
relevant period. 

Developments in 2019 
This reduction year-on-year 
is consistent with the Group’s 
strategic price changes.

2018

2019

 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  31

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Non-financial KPIs 

Total estimated number  
of deaths in Britain 
(number)

584,000

Crematoria  
market share 
(per cent)

11.1%

599,000

584,000

Definition 
This is as reported by the 
Office for National Statistics. 

Developments in 2019 
Deaths were lower than 
originally anticipated at the 
beginning of the year.

10.9%

11.1%

2018

2019

2018

2019

Definition 
This is the number of 
cremations performed by  
the Group divided by the  
total estimated number  
of deaths in Britain. 

Developments in 2019 
Market share has increased, 
reflecting the effect of 
increases in the number of 
locations combined with an 
increase in the number of 
Simplicity and other direct 
cremations being performed.  

Funeral market share 
excluding Northern Ireland 
(per cent)

11.7%

Number of cremations 
performed 
(number)

64,800

11.9%

11.7%

Definition 
This is the number of funerals 
performed by the Group in 
Britain divided by the total 
estimated number of deaths 
in Britain. 

Developments in 2019 
Whilst market share is lower 
than 2018, it continues to 
show a positive response 
from changes in proposition 
and pricing.

65,200

64,800

Definition 
This is the number of 
cremations performed 
according to our  
operational data. 

Developments in 2019 
Changes are a consequence 
of the total number of  
deaths and the Group’s 
market share.

2018

2019

2018

2019

Number of funerals 
performed 
(number)

69,400

Active pre-arranged  
funeral plans 
(number)

523,000

72,300

69,400

Definition 
This is the number of  
funerals performed by the 
Group according to our 
operational data. 

Developments in 2019 
Changes are a consequence 
of the total number of  
deaths and the Group’s 
market share.

523,000

486,000

Definition 
This is the number of pre-
arranged funeral plans where 
the Group has an obligation 
to provide a funeral in  
the future. 

Developments in 2019 
This increase reflects 
continued sales activity offset 
by the crystallisation of plans 
sold in previous periods.

2018

2019

2018

2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial

Delivering 
Excellent 
Client  
Service

Strategic & 
Operational

32  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Key performance indicators continued 

Our objective is to lead the funeral industry in  
professional standards and services. Our priorities  
and our success are determined by our impact  
on our clients.

Non-financial KPIs continued 

Delivering excellent client service 
Our business has been built with a focus on high-quality 
service delivery and we closely monitor the results of  
our client surveys to ensure we continue to maintain  
the highest levels of excellent client service and 
standards of care. 

Customer perception on quality  
and value-for-money 
Although many things are changing within the industry, 
it is still the case that reputation, recommendation and 
previous experience are key to protecting our market 
share. To achieve this, we need to ensure our clients 
perceive us positively and consider us to provide value-
for-money, irrespective of the type of service we have 
performed for them. Our survey data helps us 
understand this. 

Broader client choice 
Clients’ needs are changing: not everyone wants a 
traditional funeral; some may want more personalised 
choices as part of a traditional funeral service. Dignity 
already provides these choices and uses the survey  
data to understand how clients have responded to  
that choice. Alongside this information, meaningful 
information on website and telephone activity is 
analysed to refine the choices we provide. 

Brands and customer experience 
Awareness of our brands and a positive customer 
experience will help protect and ultimately grow market 
share. Our surveys provide some information and we 
support this through broader activities to understand 
how aware people are of our brands.

Meeting and exceeding expectations (% of clients) 

Recommending our services (% of clients) 

(12 month rolling average)

100% 

99% 

98% 

97% 

96% 

95%

66% 

64% 

62% 

60% 

58% 

56% 

54%

100% 

99% 

98% 

97% 

96% 

95%

Dec6 Dec7 Dec8 Dec9 Dec10 Dec11 Dec12 Dec13 Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19

Dec6 Dec7 Dec8 Dec9 Dec10 Dec11 Dec12 Dec13 Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19

Met and exceeded 
expectations (left hand axis)

Exceeded expectations 
(right hand axis)

Percentage of clients willing to recommend Dignity’s services  

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  33

Alongside the expansion of our digital offerings, 
we continue to provide a greater choice for consumers 
and our focus on high standards and excellent client 
service remains central to our plans for the future.

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Maintaining consistently high-quality  
and standards 
We closely monitor the results of our client surveys  
which are conducted by our Funeral services division.  
In the last five years, we have received approximately 
160,000 responses. This is our measure of how these 
services meet or exceed client expectations. 

Our consistently high satisfaction scores reflect the  
strength of our relationships with our clients. We listen  
to our clients and use our survey responses to focus on 
areas in which we can improve and add value. 

The Dignity Client Survey 2019

Reputation and 
recommendation 

99.2%  (2018: 98.9%) 

99.2 per cent of respondents  
said that we met or exceeded 
their expectations. 

 98.0%  (2018: 97.7%) 

98.0 per cent of respondents  
would recommend us.

High standards of facilities  
and fleet 

99.8% (2018: 99.8%)  

99.8 per cent thought our 
premises were clean and tidy. 

99.7% (2018: 99.7%)  

99.7 per cent thought our 
vehicles were clean and 
comfortable. 

Quality of service and care 

In the detail 

99.9%  (2018: 99.9%) 

99.9 per cent thought our staff  
were respectful. 

 99.7% (2018: 99.6%)  

99.7 per cent thought our  
staff listened to their needs  
and wishes. 

99.1% (2018: 99.1%)  

99.1 per cent agreed that  
our staff were compassionate 
and caring.

99.2% (2018: 99.2%)  

99.2 per cent of clients agreed 
that our staff had fully explained 
what would happen before  
and during the funeral. 

99.0%  (2018: 99.1%) 

99.0 per cent said that the 
funeral service took place  
on time. 

98.3% (2018: 98.4%)  

98.3 per cent said that the  
final invoice matched the 
estimate provided. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Operating review 
Funeral services 

Funeral services relate to 
the provision of funerals 
and ancillary items, such 
as memorials and floral 
tributes.

Performance 
As at 27 December 2019, the Group 
operated a network of 820 (2018: 831) 
funeral locations throughout the United 
Kingdom, generally trading under local 
established names.  

During the period, the Group conducted 
69,400 funerals compared to 72,300  
in 2018. 

Underlying operating profit was £56.3 
million (2018: £62.2 million), a reduction 
of nine per cent. In broad terms, this can 
be explained by the following factors: 

                                                                               H1              H2             FY 
                                                                              £m             £m           £m 

Underlying operating 
profit – 2018                                   42.1       20.1      62.2 

Impact of:                                                   
Number of deaths                        (7.0)          3.6      (3.4) 

Market share                                  (2.0)       (1.7)      (3.7) 

Average incomes                           (4.4)          0.9      (3.5) 

Cost base decreases                       1.6          2.9        4.5 

Acquisition activity                           0.2              –        0.2 

Underlying operating                         
profit – 2019                                  30.5       25.8      56.3 

Items totalling £1.6 million (2018:  
£(4.8) million) excluded from underlying 
operating profit resulted in statutory 
operating profit of £54.7 million (2018: 
£67.0 million). These items are discussed  
in the Financial review, but relate to  
non-underlying items and the impact  
of accounting policy changes required  
for the Group’s statutory reporting. 

Progress and Developments 

Market share 
Approximately one per cent of all 
funerals were conducted in Northern 
Ireland. Excluding Northern Ireland, 
these funerals represented approximately 
11.7 per cent (2018: 11.9 per cent) of 
total estimated deaths in Britain. Whilst 
funerals divided by estimated deaths  
is a reasonable measure of our market 
share, the Group does not have a 
complete national presence and 
consequently, this calculation can  
only ever be an estimate. 

Funeral mix and average income

                                                                                                                                                   Q1            Q2             H1             Q3            Q4             H2             FY     
                                                                                                                                                             2019        2019         2019         2019        2019        2019        2019     
                                                          Funeral type                                                                 Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual    Actual     

Average underlying      Full service                                                        3,542    3,585    3,558    3,608    3,613    3,605   3,578 
income (£)                          Simple and limited service                          2,159    2,000    2,089    2,000    1,995    1,996   2,047    
                                                Pre-need                                                            1,826    1,789    1,806    1,879    1,899    1,890   1,846    
                                                Other (including Simplicity)                             773       734        756       772       780       774       770 

Volume mix (%)              Full service                                                              52          53          52          52         52          52         52 
                                               Simple and limited service                                14          13          14          14         13          13         14    
                                                Pre-need                                                                  27          28          28          27         28          28         27    
                                                Other (including Simplicity)                                  7            6             6             7            7            7            7 

Weighted average (£)                                                                                    2,691    2,705    2,694    2,717    2,724    2,717   2,699 
Ancillary underlying  
income (£)                                                                                                             213       233        225        227       214       224       231 

Average income per funeral (£)                                                            2,904    2,938    2,919    2,944    2,938    2,941   2,930

Funeral mix and average income

                                                                                                                                 Q4            Q1            Q2             H1             Q3            Q4             H2             FY     
                                                                                                                                         2017          2018        2018         2018         2018        2018        2018        2018     
                                                          Funeral type                                              Actual       Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual     

Average underlying         Full service                                         3,910     3,875    3,700    3,800    3,695    3,590    3,639    3,735 
income (£)                           Simple and limited service          2,659     2,100    2,340    2,240    2,420    2,435    2,429    2,350    
                                                Pre-need                                            1,707     1,680    1,680    1,680    1,720    1,750    1,737    1,705    
                                                Other (including Simplicity)             537        580       535        560        550       610       514       570 

Volume mix (%)                 Full service                                              59           55          48          52          44         43          43         48 
                                               Simple and limited service                   8           12          20          15          24         24          25         19    
                                                Pre-need                                                  27           28          26          27          26         27          26         27    
                                                Other (including Simplicity)                  6             5            6             6             6            6            6            6 

Weighted average (£)                                                                     3,024     2,883    2,713    2,799    2,688    2,637    2,654    2,734 
Ancillary underlying  
income (£)                                                                                             250        212       225        224        233       260       256       239 

Average income per funeral (£)                                                 3,274     3,095    2,938    3,023    2,921    2,897    2,910    2,973

On a comparable basis, excluding any 
funerals from locations not contributing 
to the whole of 2018 and 2019, market 
share was 11.6 per cent, compared to 
11.8 per cent in 2018. Whilst this is a 
significant improvement on the dramatic 
market share declines witnessed in 2016 
and 2017, it demonstrates that further 
trials are necessary to complete the 
Group’s understanding of the changing 
relationship between price and  
market share. 

Funeral mix 
Trials of limited service funerals ceased 
at the beginning of 2019.  

Average income 
Average income has been in line with  
the Group’s expectations of £2,940.  
This average will however decline as  
the Group implements further trials. 

Investment 
Investment in the Group’s locations  
and fleet have continued. In 2019,  
£5.4 million was invested in maintenance 
capital expenditure. Expenditure was 
lower in 2019 than in previous years as  

the Group focused on priorities around  
the Transformation Plan. The Group 
anticipates higher spend in 2020. 

There was one opening and 12  
closures in the year in line with the 
Group’s Transformation Plan. 

Outlook  
The Group plans to continue trialling 
various changes to its service offerings 
during 2020. As part of this, it continues 
to roll out its Tailored funeral offering, 
where customers can select relevant 
services for their needs with support 
from the Group’s outstanding funeral 
arranging staff. Approximately one third 
of our regions now have the Tailored 
funeral and the final roll out is expected 
to be completed in 2020. 

“Average income per funeral 
has been in line with the 
Group’s expectations  
of £2,940.”

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We are a leading provider of funeral 
services in the UK and we strive to set the 
highest standards of service and care.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  35

98% 

A caring personal service 
We offer customers a caring 
personal service; 98 per cent would 
recommend us.

“I experienced a compassionate, 
patient and really professional 
service. They took great care of me 
and my loved one at what was  
a difficult time.” 

Service and innovation 

We have always been proud of the 
quality of service we provide for 
customers but the root and branch 
review taking place within our business 
at the moment provides an opportunity 
for change and innovation. We are 
currently running pilot schemes where 
approximately 50 per cent of funeral 
arrangements are now being made in 
the clients’ home. Another example of 
our determination to put the customer 
at the heart of everything we do. 

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36  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Operating review continued 
Crematoria

Crematoria services  
relate to cremation services 
and the sale of memorials 
and burial plots at the 
Group’s crematoria and 
cemeteries.

Performance 
The Group remains the largest single 
operator of crematoria in Britain, 
operating 46 (2018: 46) crematoria  
as at 27 December 2019. The Group 
performed 64,800 cremations (2018: 
65,200) in the period, representing  
11.1 per cent (2018: 10.9 per cent)  
of total estimated deaths in Britain. 

Non-underlying items of £1.2 million 
(2018: £0.7 million) excluded from 
underlying operating profit resulted in 
statutory operating profit of £37.2 million 
(2018: £39.6 million). 

Progress and Developments 
The Group has invested £3.3 million 
maintaining its locations in the period.  

Underlying operating profit was  
£38.4 million (2018: £40.3 million), a 
decrease of five per cent. This reduction  
in profitability is driven by the number  
of deaths and lower average incomes 
from the increased use of direct cremation, 
partially off-set by an improvement in 
market share. This is explained in the 
table below: 

As previously announced in November 
2019, whilst the Group has three locations 
with planning permission, it is delaying 
construction wherever possible pending 
the outcome of the CMA investigation, as 
it is unclear whether these developments 
will achieve returns consistent with 
previous new builds of approximately  
13 per cent. 

                                                                               H1              H2             FY 
                                                                              £m             £m           £m 

Underlying operating 
profit – 2018                                   23.4       16.9      40.3 

Impact of:                                                   
Number of deaths                        (2.4)          1.1      (1.3) 

Market share                                     0.8       (0.3)        0.5 

Average incomes                           (0.6)          0.2      (0.4) 

Cost base increases                      (0.5)       (0.5)      (1.0)
Acquisition activity                           0.1          0.2        0.3 

Underlying operating                         
profit – 2019                                  20.8       17.6      38.4

Sales of memorials and other items have 
been consistent, equating to approximately 
£275 per cremation compared to £276  
in the previous period.  

Outlook 
Crematoria remains a stable and cash 
generative aspect of the Group’s 
operations. 

“Dignity is the largest single 
operator of crematoria  
in Britain, operating  
46 crematoria as at  
27 December 2019.  
The company performed 
64,800 cremations last year, 
representing 11.1 per cent  
of total estimated deaths  
in Britain.”

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  37

72% 

Service times 
Approximately 72 per cent of 
Dignity’s own crematoria allocate  
60 minutes for a service, with the 
remainder of locations offering  
45 minutes for a standard service.

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We are the largest single operator of crematoria in 
Britain with a significant portfolio of well-established 
and state-of-the-art crematoria that meet the needs 
of the local communities we serve.

Service and visitor 
experience 

Our crematoria provide a range  
of cremation services, from basic 
unattended cremations to traditional 
full services. Our extensive, peaceful 
grounds allow clients to remember 
their loved ones in a very personal way. 

Our research tells us that many 
customers greatly value an unhurried 
experience when attending a 
cremation service. As a result 72 per 
cent of Dignity’s own crematoria offer 
60 minutes for a standard cremation. 
The remainder have a minimum  
of 45 minutes. 

Branding roll-out 
Our Crematorium and Memorial Group 
brand is being rolled out across our 
crematoria network. 10 locations have 
yet to be rebranded and these will be 
completed in the first half of 2020.

“I greatly value a peaceful 
place to visit and remember 
my loved one.” 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Operating review continued 
Pre-arranged funeral plans

Pre-arranged funeral  
plans represent the sale  
of funerals to customers 
wishing to make their  
own funeral arrangements 
in advance.

Statutory presentation 
For statutory purposes the Group now 
has two reporting segments, Funeral 
services and Crematoria. This follows the 
adoption of IFRS 15, as a result of which 
the Group has concluded that only a 
single performance obligation exists 
when a pre-arranged funeral plan is sold, 
being the performance of a funeral. 

Underlying performance 
For the purpose of alternative 
performance measures the Group has 
three reporting segments, Funeral 
services, Crematoria and Pre-arranged 
funeral plans as the chief operating 
decision maker reviews segmental 
performance before applying the  
effect of IFRS 15 and the consolidation  
of the Trusts. 

The Group continues to have a strong 
market presence in pre-arranged funeral 
plans. These plans represent potential 
future incremental business for the 
funeral division, as the Group expects to 
perform the majority of these funerals. 

Underlying operating profit was £nil 
compared to £2.8 million in the previous 
year, reflecting lower levels of marketing 
allowances being received at the point  
of sale. On a statutory basis, pre-need  
is not considered to be a separate 
operating division. 

In overall terms, approximately 58,000 
(2018: 58,000) new plan sales were made 
and the number of active pre-arranged 
funeral plans increased to 523,000 (2018: 
486,000) as at 27 December 2019. Trust 
based sales in the year were 26,000 
(2018: 24,000). All plan sales are stated 
net of cancellations. 

Of the sales in the period 32,000 (2018: 
34,000) represent plans linked to life 
assurance plans with third parties rather 
than trust based plan sales and 164,000 
(2018: 134,000) active insurance plans  
are in place at 27 December 2019. Not all 
of these insurance backed plans include 
an obligation to provide a guaranteed 
funeral and we anticipate the cancellation 
experience to be significantly higher than 
is witnessed on trust based sales. 

These amounts will be recognised as and 
when the funerals are performed. As with 
all the Group’s divisions, pre-arranged 
funeral plan underlying profits broadly 
reflect the cash generated by that activity. 

Outlook 
The Group will continue to engage with 
relevant parties as appropriate regarding 
regulation whilst maintaining focus on 
selling high-quality, competitive products 
to customers. 

The Trusts’ investment strategies are 
expected to provide returns in excess  
of inflation in the longer-term but will, 
however, potentially result in greater 
volatility year-on-year in the reported 
value of the Trusts’ assets. The current 
allocation that is subject to annual  
review by the Trustees with support  
from their investment advisers, is 
summarised below. 

                                                                 Example  
                                                                 investment                        Target
                                                                 types                                         (%) 

Defensive                                 Index linked                  18
investments                            gilts and  
                                                    corporate 
                                                    bonds                                   

Illiquid                                       Private                            16
investments                            investments  

Core growth                            Equities                          23
investments 

Growth fixed income           Property funds            43
and alternative                       and emerging  
investments                            market debt  

Pre-arranged funerals represent a stable 
source of incremental funerals for the 
Group, providing high-levels of certainty 
of cash flows as existing plans mature.  

The Group intends to continue to sell as 
many plans as is commercially possible 
and economically sensible. 

“Working with Fairer Finance, 
Dignity has called for more 
consumer protection in the 
funeral plan market.” 

Progress and Developments 
The increase in the number of active 
plans follows plans sold in the year.  
The market has been particularly 
competitive, with the internet and ‘cold 
calling’ featuring extensively in activity  
by competitors. Dignity has remained 
focused on selling high-quality business, 
in ways that support the strong 
reputation of the Group. 

The financial position of the Trusts 
holding members’ monies is crucial,  
given the Group ultimately guarantees 
the promises made to members. At the 
end of 2019, the Trusts had average 
assets per plan of £3,300 (2018: £3,000)  
in respect of 311,000 trust based funeral 
plans.  Average assets per plan are 
greater than the amount currently 
received by the Trading Group for 
performing a funeral.  

The latest actuarial valuations of the  
Trusts (at 27 September 2019) showed 
them to have a surplus of £17 million, 
based on prudent assumptions. This 
valuation is based on the amounts the 
Trusts are expected to pay when a funeral 
is performed rather than the actual cost 
of performance (being a lower amount) 
to the Group. If the discount rate used 
had equalled the long-term investment 
target of the Trust’s funds, then according 
to the actuarial valuations, the Trusts 
would have reported aggregate surpluses  
of approximately £156 million. 

Crucially, each plan sold creates 
additional headroom in the trust, since 
the funds paid in are more at the point  
of sale than those received by the Group  
if the member died immediately. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
We are one of the UK’s largest providers of pre-arranged 
funeral plans and we continue to strengthen our presence 
in this growing market.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  39

997,000 

Pre-arranged plans 
We have already helped more than 
997,000 people plan for their funerals 
in advance of which 523,000 remain 
outstanding.

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“The choices were clear and 
simple and I have planned 
for the future to help my 
family and give me  
peace of mind.” 

Service, quality  
and trust 

We are one of the UK’s largest 
providers of pre-arranged funeral plans 
and we continue to strengthen our 
business in this growing market. This is 
a real testament, we believe, to our 
reputation for high levels of service, 
quality and trustworthiness. 

Regulation 
Dignity’s recent research, published 
together with Fairer Finance, has 
highlighted the poor sales practices 
and financial management risks that 
certain providers engage in. The 
Group welcomes the opinion from   
HM Treasury to introduce statutory 
regulation of pre-arranged funerals 
through the Financial Conduct 
Authority. We continue to anticipate 
regulation of pre-arranged funerals  
in approximately two years and we  
are preparing accordingly. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Operating review continued 

Central overheads relate 
to central services that are 
not specifically attributed 
to a particular operating 
division. These include the 
provision of IT, finance, 
personnel and Directors’ 
emoluments.

Non-underlying items of £15.7 million 
(2018: £5.6 million) excluded from 
underlying costs resulted in costs of  
£47.1 million (2018: £30.7 million). 

Maintenance capital expenditure of  
£1.1 million has been incurred on central 
projects predominantly relating to IT that 
will help the business as a whole operate 
more efficiently. 

Outlook 
The Group will continue to invest in 
central functions and marketing activity  
to support the Group’s plans, through  
the recruitment of more employees  
and increased marketing online and in 
other media. Building core functions is  
a necessary precursor to field based 
administrative functions being 
centralised.  

Central overheads 

Overview 
Central overheads relate to central 
services that are not specifically  
attributed to a particular operating 
division. These include the provision  
of IT, finance, personnel and Directors’ 
emoluments. In addition and consistent 
with previous periods, the Group records 
centrally the costs of incentive bonus 
arrangements, such as Long-Term 
Incentive Plans (‘LTIPs’) and annual 
performance bonuses, which are 
provided to over 100 managers  
working across the business. 

Developments  
Underlying costs in the period were  
£31.4 million (2018: £25.1 million).  
As anticipated, this reflects continued 
investment in digital activities and  
central capabilities, consistent with the 
Transformation Plan. The table below 
summarises the key movements: 

                                                                               H1              H2             FY 
                                                                              £m             £m           £m 

Central overheads – 2018           11.9       13.2      25.1 

Impact of:                                                   
Digital activities                                 1.5          0.5        2.0 

Salaries – central  
support  functions                           0.7          2.0        2.7 

Other costs                                            –          0.7        0.7 

IT support fees                                 0.3          0.3        0.6

Depreciation                                     0.2          0.1        0.3 
Central overheads – 2019        14.6       16.8      31.4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  41

Financial review 
We have delivered a resilient  
performance in line with  
expectations  

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Introduction 
These results have been prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) as adopted 
in the EU. 

In 2019, the Group has adopted IFRS 15 and has also changed its 
accounting policy in respect of its two principal pre-need trusts 
being the Trust for Age UK Plans (‘Age UK’) and the National 
Funeral Trust (‘NFT’), together the ‘Trusts’. For accounting 
purposes, the Trusts are now considered to be controlled by 
the Group and are incorporated in the Group’s consolidated 
financial statements. The Trading Group refers to Dignity and 
its subsidiaries, excluding the Trusts. Further details can be 
found in the Group’s accounting policy disclosures. 

The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures 
provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, 
alternative performance measures are necessary to enable 
users of the financial statements to fully understand the 
trading performance and financial position of the business. 

The alternative performance measures provided are aligned 
with those used in the day-to-day management of the business 
and allow for greater comparability across periods. 

For this reason, the alternative performance measures provided 
exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts and the changes 
which relate to the adoption of IFRS 15, both of which are 
considered to mask the underlying trading performance of  
the Group, as well as non-underlying items comprising certain  
non-recurring and non-trading transactions. 

Financial highlights 
The Group’s financial performance is summarised below: 

                                                                                                            52 week                52 week                       
                                                                                                 period ended      period ended                       
                                                                                                     27 Dec 2019        28 Dec 2018    Decrease 
                                                                                                                                            restated                  % 

Underlying revenue(a) (£million)                            301.3              315.6              5 

Underlying operating profit (a) (£million)                   63.3                 80.2             21 
Underlying profit before tax (a) (£million)                  37.7                 54.4             31 
Underlying earnings per share (a)  (pence)                 60.6                 85.8             29 

Underlying cash generated  
from operations (a)  (£million)                                         71.8               101.9             30 

Revenue (£million)                                                       338.9               353.7               4 
Operating profit (£million)                                           44.8                 75.9             41 
Profit/(loss) before tax (£million)                                44.1               (18.0)                  
Basic earnings/(loss) per share (pence)                    69.8               (34.0)                  
Cash generated from operations (£million)             64.6               104.2             38 

Dividends paid in the period: 
Interim dividend (pence)                                                    –                 8.64           n/a 
Final dividend (pence)                                                15.74               15.74               – 

(a)  Further details of alternative performance measures can be found on pages 167 and 168. 

Underlying revenue 

£301.3m 

(2018: £315.6m)

Underlying cash generated  
from operations 

£71.8m 

(2018: £101.9m)

Underlying operating profit 

Transformation Plan costs  

£63.3m 

(2018: £80.2m)

£12.1m 

(2018: £2.7m)

Steve Whittern, Finance Director

“Our performance in 2019 was resilient and 
in line with market expectations. However, 
underlying operating profit decreased by  
21 per cent to £63.3 million and average 
income per funeral reduced from £2,973 to 
£2,930 reflecting the impact of a changing 
competitive landscape. 

Against this, our funeral market share 
showed a positive response to changes in 
our market proposition compared to 2016 
and 2017 (which saw significant funeral 
market share reductions), there was a 
strong market share performance by our 
crematoria business and our Transformation 
Plan progressed as planned with key branch 
pilots underway. Strong cash generation  
will enable us to continue to invest in our 
business in line with our strategic objectives. 

The fundamentals of our business remain 
compelling and strong and we have 
continued our relentless commitment to 
quality, value-for-money and service levels.” 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
42  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Financial review continued 

As announced in the Group’s 2019 interim results, although  
the Group has significant cash resources at hand and continues 
to be cash generative, in order to maintain maximum flexibility 
and liquidity during the transformation, the Board has concluded 
that it is prudent to temporarily cease dividend payments.  
The Group has an established track record of returning cash  
to shareholders at appropriate times over many years and 
once the current uncertain competitive environment becomes 
clearer, it anticipates resuming dividend payments or returning 
excess cash to shareholders. 

Alternative performance measures 
The Group’s alternative performance measures exclude  
non-underlying items. These items have been adjusted for  
in determining underlying measures of profitability as these 
underlying measures are those used in the day-to-day 
management of the business and allow for greater 
comparability across periods. 

In particular, as the Group’s change of accounting policy in 
respect of the Trusts has not impacted the way it operates or 
considers the economics of this operating activity, underlying 
measures have not had to be restated as a consequence of  
the accounting policy change. 

Detailed information on non-underlying items is set out on 
page 167 and a reconciliation of statutory revenue to underlying 
revenue is detailed in note 3. 

Accordingly, the following information is presented to aid 
understanding of the performance of the Group: 

                                                                                                                    52 week                   52 week 
                                                                                                                    period ended         period ended  
                                                                                                                      27 Dec 2019           28 Dec 2018 
                                                                                                                                                                 restated 
                                                                                                                           £m                          £m  

Operating profit for the period as reported                    44.8                    75.9 
Add the effects of: 

Transformation Plan costs                                                         12.1                      2.7 
(Profit)/loss on sale of fixed assets                                           (1.0)                      0.3 
External transaction costs in respect of  
completed and aborted transactions                                        0.9                      0.8 
Acquisition related amortisation                                                 4.8                      4.9 
Operating and competition review costs                                  3.5                      2.7 
GMP past service cost                                                                       –                      1.4 
Trade name impairment/write-off                                             6.8                      1.1 
Impact of Trust consolidation and IFRS 15                            (8.6)                    (9.6) 

Underlying operating profit (a)                                                63.3                    80.2 
Underlying net finance costs                                                  (25.6)                  (25.8) 

Underlying profit before tax (a)                                              37.7                    54.4 
Tax charge on underlying profit before tax                            (7.4)                  (11.5) 

Underlying profit after tax (a)                                                  30.3                    42.9 

Weighted average number of Ordinary 
Shares in issue during the period (million)                             50.0                    50.0 
Underlying EPS (pence)(a)                                                            60.6                    85.8 
Decrease in underlying EPS (per cent)                                        29                       33 

(a)Further details of alternative performance measures can be found on  

pages 167 and 168.  

Earnings per share  
The Group’s statutory profit after tax was £34.9 million (2018: 
Loss of £17.0 million). Basic earnings per share were 69.8 pence 
per share (2018: Loss of 34.0 pence per share). Underlying  
profit after tax was £30.3 million (2018: £42.9 million), giving 
underlying earnings per share of 60.6 pence per share (2018: 
85.8 pence per share), a reduction of 29 per cent. 

Transformation Plan 
Costs incurred in 2019 
The Group continued to invest significantly in 2019 to  
support the Transformation Plan. Costs incurred to date are 
summarised as follows: 

                                                                                                                            Total           2019             2018 
                                                                                                                                £m              £m                £m 

External advisers’ fees                                                             1.7          0.6            1.1 
Brand development and marketing costs                         5.4          4.3            1.1 
Costs of additional staff to support  
the Transformation                                                                  5.2          4.7            0.5 
Dilapidation costs                                                                     0.5          0.5                – 
Irrecoverable VAT                                                                     1.6          1.6                – 
Other                                                                                           0.4          0.4                – 

Total costs incurred                                                            14.8        12.1            2.7 

The overall cost and benefit of the Transformation Plan 
The Group’s view of the overall cost of the Plan remain unchanged 
from that detailed in its 2018 results: 

Costs 
The Group anticipates a total investment of £50 million to deliver 
the Transformation Plan:  

                                                                                                                                                                         Total 
                                                                                                                                                                            £m 

IT systems                                                                                                                        6 
Property and equipment                                                                                           35 
Other costs to implement plan                                                                                   9 

                                                                                                                                         50 

£35 million of this investment is expected to be capital in 
nature. Approximately £17 million of this investment will be 
funded from surplus property disposals. 

Benefits 
The Transformation Plan is expected to realise the following  
net operating profit benefits: 

                                                                                                           Short-term (2022)     Long-term (2028) 
                                                                                                                                      £m                               £m 

Branch and service delivery network                                          7                         12 
Streamlined management and administration                        5                           5 
Investments in central support and IT                                      (4)                         (4) 

                                                                                                              8                         13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  43

Other items excluded from underlying operating profit 

Profit on sale of fixed assets 
Profits arising from the sale of fixed assets are excluded as they 
are unconnected with the trading performance in the period. 

External transaction costs 
External transaction costs primarily reflect amounts paid to 
external parties for legal, tax and other advice in respect of the 
Group’s acquisitions and unsuccessful crematoria planning 
developments. 

Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles 
Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles reflects the  
write-off of acquired intangibles over the term of their useful life. 

Operating and competition review costs 
The Group has incurred costs with external advisers to support 
the Group’s response to the CMA’s funeral market study and  
HM Treasury‘s consultation on the funeral plan sector. Costs  
were also incurred in 2018 with external advisers to support its 
operational review. 

GMP past service cost 
In 2018, the Group was required to recognise an estimate of the 
impact of the implementation of Guaranteed Minimum Pension 
(‘GMP’) equalisation. 

Trade name impairment 
In 2019, the Group assessed the carrying value of its trade names. 
In light of the lower level of profitability and lower anticipated 
average income per funeral, an impairment of £6.8 million has 
been recognised. 

Trade name write-off 
During 2018, the Group closed the last location trading under  
a particular trading name. As this trading name had specific 
intangible assets related to it, they were required to be  
written-off. 

Pre-need accounting policy/IFRS 15 
As described elsewhere in this report, the Group changed its 
accounting policy in respect of the Trusts and in respect of IFRS 15. 
This adjustment reverses the impact of these policy changes in 
order to maintain underlying performance measures with those 
used in the day-to-day management of the business.  

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Capital expenditure 
Capital expenditure on property, plant and equipment and 
intangible assets was £18.3 million (2018: £25.0 million). 

                                                                                                                         27 Dec                  28 Dec 
                                                                                                                                       2019                      2018 
This is analysed as:                                                                                              £m                         £m 

Maintenance capital expenditure:                                                      
Funeral services                                                                                5.4                 10.4 
Crematoria                                                                                         3.3                   4.5 
Other                                                                                                   1.1                   1.2 

Total maintenance capital expenditure (a)                                   9.8                 16.1 
Branch relocations                                                                           1.1                   0.8 
Transformation capital expenditure                                            1.7                       – 
Satellite locations                                                                              0.3                   1.4 
Development of new crematoria and cemeteries                    5.4                   6.7 

Total property, plant and equipment                                        18.3                 25.0 
Partly funded by:                                                                                     
Disposal proceeds – vehicles                                                      (0.2)                 (0.4) 
Disposal proceeds – properties (b)                                              (1.9)                       – 

Net capital expenditure                                                                16.2                 24.6 

(a) Maintenance capital expenditure includes vehicle replacement  

programme, improvements to locations and purchases of other tangible  
and intangible assets. 

(b) Property disposals are the result of the Transformation Plan.  

The Group will continue to invest in the maintenance of its 
existing portfolio of vehicles and funeral and crematoria 
locations. The Group’s Transformation Plan will capture the 
majority of planned capital expenditure on its funeral business. 

Impairment of investment in associated undertaking 
The Group has previously invested in Funeral Zone Limited 
(‘Funeral Zone’). In October 2019, Funeral Zone filed statutory 
accounts recognising the inherent going concern risks it faced. 
The Group has reviewed and assessed the performance  
outlook of Funeral Zone and concluded that its investment  
is fully impaired. 

Cash flow and cash balances for the Trading Group 
Underlying cash generated from operations was £71.8 million 
(2018: £101.9 million). 

Other working capital changes were consistent with the Group’s 
experience of converting profits into cash, subject to timing 
differences and cash incurred in respect of commission payments. 

Cash balances at the end of the period were £57.9 million  
(2018: £66.9 million). Further details and analysis of the Group’s 
cash balances are included in note 16 to the consolidated 
financial statements.  

Maintenance capital expenditure (£m)

Underlying operating profit (£m)

Underlying earnings per share (pence)

£16.1m

£9.8m

18 
16 
14 
12 
10 
8 
6 
4 
2 
0

£80.2m

£63.3m

100 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0

85.8p

60.6p

100 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0

2018

2019

2018

2019

2018

2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44 |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Financial review continued 

Pensions 
The balance sheet shows a deficit of £26.0 million before  
deferred tax (2018: deficit of £25.2 million). The scheme currently 
represents an annual cash obligation of £2.2 million. However,  
the scheme is due its next triennial valuation as at April 2020, the 
outcome of which will determine future annual cash obligations, 
most likely from 2021 onwards. 

Taxation 
The Group’s effective tax rate on underlying profits in the period 
was 19.5 per cent (2018: 21.2 per cent). 

The current period underlying effective tax rate is lower than 
originally anticipated due to the effects of prior year items with  
a tax impact totalling £0.5 million. 

In 2020, the Group expects its underlying effective tax rate to be 
approximately one and a half to two per cent above the headline 
rate of corporation tax. This translates to an underlying effective 
rate of between 19.0 per cent and 19.5 per cent. 

Capital structure and financing for the Trading Group 

Secured Notes 
The Group’s principal source of long-term debt financing is the 
Secured A Notes and the Secured B Notes. The principal is repaid 
completely over the life of the Secured Notes and is therefore 
scheduled to be repaid by 2049. The interest rate is fixed for the 
life of the Secured Notes and interest is calculated on the principal. 

The key terms of the Secured Notes are summarised in the  
table below: 

                                                                                             Secured A Notes                       Secured B Notes

Total new issuance at par                          £238.9 million                 £356.4 million 

Legal maturity                                     31 December 2034        31 December 2049 

Coupon                                                                     3.5456%                           4.6956% 
Rating by Fitch                                                                     A-                                    BB+ 
Rating by Standard & Poor’s                                            A-                                     BB- 

The Secured Notes have an annual debt service obligation 
(principal and interest) of circa £33.2 million. 

It is not currently possible to issue further Secured Notes, as such 
an issue would require the rating of the Secured B Notes to raise 
to BBB by both rating agencies. In any event, the Group does not 
have any requirement to issue any further Secured Notes for the 
foreseeable future. This position will be reassessed following the 
completion of the Group’s Transformation Plan. 

Financial Covenant 
The Group’s primary financial covenant under the Secured  
Notes requires EBITDA to total debt service to be above 1.5 times.  
The ratio at 27 December 2019 was 2.13 times (2018: 2.55 times). 
This covenant calculation uses a prescribed definition of EBITDA 
detailed in the loan documentation and only represents the  
profit of a sub group of the Group which is party to the loans  
(the ‘securitisation group’). Furthermore, the calculations are 
unaffected by the changes in accounting policy described 
elsewhere, as the Group was able to elect to disregard those 
changes when making the calculations. 

EBITDA for this calculation can be reconciled to the Group’s 
statutory operating profit as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                        27 Dec 
                                                                                                                                                                       2019 
                                                                                                                                                                          £m   

EBITDA per covenant calculation – Securitisation Group                                72.3 
Add: EBITDA of entities outside Securitisation Group                                     11.6  
Add: Non cash items (a)                                                                                            (1.3)  

Underlying operating profit before depreciation  
and amortisation – Group                                                                                      82.6 
Underlying depreciation and amortisation                                                     (19.3) 
Non-underlying items                                                                                           (27.1) 
Impact of Trust consolidation and IFRS 15                                                           8.6 

Operating profit                                                                                                        44.8 

(a) The terms of the securitisation require certain items (such as pensions)  

to be adjusted from an accounting basis to a cash basis. 

Revolving Credit Facility 
The Group has the benefit of a £50 million Revolving Credit Facility 
(‘RCF’), provided by the Royal Bank of Scotland, which is secured 
against certain trade and assets held by legal entities outside of 
the Group’s securitisation structure. The RCF can be drawn down 
subject to a set of financial tests applied to these legal entities. 

The facility is available until July 2021, with the option to renew, 
subject to the bank’s consent at the time, by a further year.  
The margin on the facility ranges from 150 to 225 basis points 
depending on the resulting gross leverage. 

This provides the Group ongoing flexibility in a cost effective 
manner, as if undrawn, the facility represents an annual cost  
of approximately £0.3 million. Given the Group’s healthy cash 
balances, the RCF is undrawn at the time of the release of this 
announcement and was not drawn at any point in the year. 

Net debt 
The Group had net debt of £506.2 million (2018: £506.8 million)  
at the balance sheet date. See note 26 for further details. 

Whilst the Group has no plans to do so, should it wish to repay  
all amounts due under the Secured Notes, the cost to do so at  
the year end would have been approximately £791.9 million, 
(Class A Notes: £231.4 million; Class B Notes: £560.5 million).  

Net finance costs 
The Group’s underlying finance costs substantially consist of  
the interest on the Secured Notes and ancillary instruments.  
The net finance cost in the period relating to these instruments 
was £24.4 million (2018: £24.8 million).  

Other ongoing underlying finance costs incurred in the period 
amounted to £1.4 million (2018: £1.2 million), including the 
unwinding of discounts on the Group’s provisions and other 
financial liabilities. 

Interest receivable on bank deposits was £0.2 million (2018:  
£0.2 million). 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Maintaining highest 
standards of client 
service

New low-cost model  
and competitive pricing 
associated with quality

Strong cash generation 
supporting investment

A future-ready 
proposition

Positioning Dignity  
for long-term 
sustainable growth

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  45

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6

Shareholders’ deficit  
Consolidating the Trusts and adopting IFRS 15, has a significant 
impact on our reported results. The recognition of contract 
liabilities (the majority of which are expected to fall due after  
one year) in excess of the Trusts’ financial assets has caused  
the Group’s balance sheet to show an overall deficit in 
shareholders’ funds. 

This deficit, which only arises on consolidation, has no impact  
on the Group’s future ability to pay dividends to shareholders, 
which relies on the reserves in the Company and not the Group. 

Trust balances 
At the balance sheet date, the Trusts had £947.5 million (2018: 
£862.4 million) of financial assets and £15.5 million (2018: £13.8 
million) of cash, which was recognised in the consolidated balance 
sheet. The movement in financial assets is primarily attributable  
to remeasurement gains recognised in the consolidated income 
statement of £79.5 million (2018: loss of £24.0 million), reflecting 
changes in asset values and net purchases of financial assets  
of £9.5 million (2018: £20.7 million). 

Aggregated contract liabilities totalled £1,304.6 million (2018: 
£1,256.1 million) with the primary movements being sales of  
new plans of £91.2 million (2018: £92.7 million), increases due  
to significant financing of £54.1 million (2018: £53.3 million)  
and releases due to death or cancellation totalling £96.8 million 
(2018: £95.5 million). 

Accounting policy changes 
As described elsewhere, the Group has changed its accounting 
policy in respect of the Trusts. As a consequence, the Group has 
also decided not to apply IFRS 15 on a modified retrospective 
approach, but rather to apply it fully retrospectively. The impact 
of these changes are detailed in note 35.  

The impact of IFRS 16 – Leases 
As the Group‘s balance sheet date is the nearest Friday to  
31 December, it is not required to and will not adopt IFRS 16 
until its 2020 results. In broad terms, this standard requires the 
Group to recognise an asset and liability on its balance sheet  
for operating leases that are currently held off balance sheet.  
As approximately half of the Group’s funeral properties and 
some of its crematoria are leased, this will have a material 
impact in the Group’s statutory results. The Group currently 
anticipates recognising an initial asset of approximately  
£94.9 million and an initial liability of approximately £93.8 million. 
The difference of £1.1 million which relates to opening amounts 
relating to prepaid lease payments which will be reflected 
through the statement of changes in equity on 28 December 
2019 as required under the transition approach being followed 
where the comparative results disclosed in the 2020 annual 
report are not restated. Operating costs of approximately  
£11.9 million will be replaced by a depreciation charge of 
approximately £9.1 million and a finance cost of approximately 
£4.6 million. As such statutory operating profit will increase  
by approximately £2.8 million in each of the next few years, 
assuming no change in the Group’s property portfolio. 

These changes will not impact the Group’s securitisation 
covenants, as the Group has the ability to elect to disregard  
new accounting standards in order to maintain consistency  
of measurement.  

Q&A with  
Steve Whittern,  
Finance Director

Q/A

Outlook 

Through the delivery of our Transformation Plan we have a 
major opportunity to provide sustainable long-term value and 
lead the industry in terms of standards and value-for-money.

Q/ What impact will the slowing down of your plans 

have on the Group’s overall finances? 

We continue to have strong cash balances and the ability to 
support our plans, even if they take a little longer. Pausing 
dividends and crematoria developments helps us maintain 
maximum flexibility. 

Q/ What are the cost implications of extending the 

Transformation Plan by one year? 

We continue to believe we can execute the Plan on the  
original economics we have described. 

Q/ How much further do you expect average funeral 

prices to fall? 

At this stage, we cannot say. The market remains competitive 
and the CMA’s final conclusions will not be known until later  
in the year. 

Q/ What impact will the delay in some cost  

savings have? 

We do not anticipate realising any savings in 2020. However, 
we still expect to achieve £8 million of annualised savings  
by the end of the Plan, which should then increase further  
to £13 million per year. 

Q/ Is a return to a dividend payment a possibility  

for next year? 

2020 will be focused on investing in the business and 
maintaining economic flexibility.

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
46  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Principal risks and uncertainties 

Risk management is embedded throughout the business with  
all employees aware of the role they play. 

Risk governance 

Risk appetite 
Risk appetite is the level of risk the Group is willing to take to 
achieve its strategic objectives and is set by the Board. The 
Board looks at the Group’s appetite to risk across a number  
of areas including market, financing, operations, strategy  
and execution, developments, cybersecurity and technology 
and brand. 

There has been no change to the Group’s risk appetite in  
the period. 

Our approach to risk management 
The Group has a well-established governance structure with 
internal control and risk management systems. The risk 
management process: 

• Provides a framework to identify, assess and manage risks, both 

positive and negative, to the Group’s overall strategy and the 
contribution of its individual operations. 

• Allows the Board to fulfil its governance responsibilities by 

making a balanced and understandable assessment of the 
operation of the risk management process and inputs. 

Responsibilities and actions 

The Board 
The Board is responsible for monitoring the Group’s risk and  
their mitigating factors. 

Risk process 
Every six months the Audit Committee formally considers the  
risk register and approves it for adoption by the Board. 

Risk assessment 
Executive Directors and senior management are responsible  
for identifying and assessing business risks. 

Identify 
Risks are identified through discussion with senior management 
and incorporated in the risk register as appropriate. 

Assess 
The potential impact and likelihood of occurrence of each  
risk is considered. 

Mitigating activities 
Mitigating factors are identified against each risk where possible. 

Review and internal audit 
The link between each risk and the Group’s policies and 
procedures is identified. Where relevant, appropriate work is 
performed by the Group’s internal audit function to assist in 
ensuring the related procedures and policies are appropriately 
understood and operated where they serve to mitigate risks. 

The Board has overall responsibility for the Group’s internal 
control systems and for reviewing their effectiveness. This has 
been designed to assist the Board in making more risk-informed, 
strategic decisions with a view to creating and protecting 
shareholder value. 

The risk management framework

Governance

Accountability and 
ownership

Communication

IDENTIFY & ANALYSE

Risks and impact identified 
• Risks mapped to controls currently in place  
• Residual risks prioritised for mitigation  
• Confirmed with the Board

T E G I C OBJECTIV

E

S

A

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S T

h

h

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J

B

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RISK ASSESSMENT  
PROCESS

C

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A

STR

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S

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BJECTIV

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IC
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IMPLEMENT

Existing control  
enforced and tested 
• Remedial action plans  
implemented 

• Board member  
accountable 

ACTION

Controls identified 
• Suggested action  
plans agreed  

• Options for controls  
identified and costed 

• Plans approved  
by the Board

Review

Assess

Report

Respond

 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  47

Links

See Strategy and business model: p.28 and p.29

See KPIs: p.30 to p.33

See Governance: p.60 to p.94

Risk status summary 
The ongoing review of the Group’s principal risks focuses on how 
these risks may evolve.   

Increasing risk trends 
The impact of the Group’s decisive response in January 2018 to 
changes in the competitive landscape highlight increased risk 
from its ability to maintain average incomes. 

Regulation could also result from both the CMA investigation  
and HM Treasury’s review of pre-arranged funeral plans.  
Whilst the Group believes that operational regulation would be 
beneficial, there remains a risk that regulation could be imposed 
that may result in a significant cost burden to the Group or prices 
being capped in such a way that the Group’s profitability 
deteriorates significantly. 

Pre-arranged funeral plans 
As the Group now consolidates certain pre-need trusts, any 
related risks in respect of them are required to be considered. 
However, the Group considers that these have already been 
disclosed, as ultimately the risk surrounds the level of funding  
for pre-arranged funeral plans. 

Cyber risk 
The increasing prevalence of cyber attacks across the world, 
means that along with all large corporates, our business systems 
are under increasing level of attack. Over the last few years we 
have invested significantly in this area both in upgrading all 
aspects of our systems and our internal resources and also using 
external consultants to perform regular external and internal 
penetration tests and using the results to drive a continuous 
improvement programme.  

COVID –19 
The potential risks of COVID –19 to the Group are being assessed 
regularly in light of the developing guidance and commentary 
from the Government. 

The Group has business continuity and pandemic plans that are 
being assessed and adapted as necessary in case of need. 

Our principal risks and uncertainties 

Outlined here are the principal risks facing the Group.  
In assessing which risks should be classified as principal,  
we assess the probability of the risk materialising and the 
financial or strategic impact of the risk.

Operational risk management 
• Significant reduction in the death rate 
• Nationwide adverse publicity 
• Fall in average income per funeral or cremation either 

resulting from market changes or the CMA capping prices 

• Disruptive new business models leading to a significant 

reduction in market share 

• Demographic shifts in population 
• Competition 
• Regulation of pre-arranged funeral plans 
• Regulation of the funeral industry 
• Changes in the funding of the pre-arranged funeral  

plan business 

• Implementation of the Transformation Plan 
• Direct cremations 
• CMA investigation into the funeral industry 

Financial risk management 

• Financial Covenant under the Secured Notes 

The principal risks we have identified 
We maintain a detailed register of principal risks and 
uncertainties covering strategic, operational, financial and 
compliance risks. We rate them according to likelihood  
of occurrence and their potential impact. 

In the tables on pages 48 to 51 we provide a summary  
of each risk, a description of the potential impact and  
a summary of mitigating actions. 

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Key: Risk trend measures 

Risk exposure increased 

Risk exposure decreased 

No significant change  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
48  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Principal risks and uncertainties continued 

Operational risk management

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Significant reduction in the death rate 
There is a risk that the number of deaths in any year 
significantly reduces. This would have a direct result on 
the financial performance of both the funeral and 
crematoria divisions. 

Nationwide adverse publicity 
Nationwide adverse publicity for Dignity could result  
in a significant reduction in the number of funerals or 
cremations performed in any financial period. For pre-
arranged funeral plans, adverse publicity for the Group 
or one of its partners could result in a reduction in the 
number of plans sold or an increase in the number of 
plans cancelled. This would have a direct and significant 
impact on the financial performance of the Group.  
The risk is increased as the Dignity brand is marketed 
more widely.

The profile of deaths has historically seen intra year changes of +/- 1 per cent giving the 
Group the ability to plan its business accordingly. The ONS long-term projection is for 
deaths to increase. 
The risk is mitigated by the ability to control costs and the price structure and the ability 
to acquire funerals and crematoria, although this would not mitigate a short-term 
significant reduction in the number of deaths. 
The number of deaths in 2019 was 584,000 which was three per cent below the prior 
year and lower than the Group’s original expectation. 

See Chief Executive’s review: p.16 to p.27

This risk is addressed by the strategic decision made as part of the Transformation Plan  
to support development of strong national brands via the Group’s websites, TV and radio 
advertising and prominent signage at our funeral locations leading to increased awareness 
of the Group and its services. 

With significant investment committed already and planned for subsequent years, we are 
building and positioning a strong brand that will be more resilient to adverse publicity 
should that arise.

See The Client Survey performance: p.33

Fall in average income per funeral or cremation  
either resulting from market changes or the CMA 
capping prices  
There has been increasing price competition in the 
funeral market, resulting in material price reductions by 
the Group in recent years. It is highly likely that pricing 
pressure will remain for the foreseeable future and it 
may not therefore be possible to maintain average 
incomes per funeral or cremations at the current level. 

The Group’s Transformation Plan will result in a more efficient business that can 
accommodate more competitive pricing, but which continues to provide clients with a 
greater range of choice, underpinned by excellent client service. This will be supported 
by strong reputational management together with significant investment in both 
marketing and the Group’s online profile and presence. 
The Group will continue to adapt to serve evolving client needs. This will be through 
investment in digital capabilities including an enhanced reporting capability of business 
intelligence and management information which will enable risks and trends to be 
identified promptly and accurately. 

See Operating review: p.34 to p.40

Disruptive new business models leading to  
a significant reduction in market share   
It is possible that external factors such as new 
competitors and the increased impact of the internet  
on the sector, could result in a significant reduction in 
market share within funeral and crematoria operations. 
This would have a direct result on the financial 
performance of those divisions. 

The Group believes that this risk is mitigated by its reputation as a high-quality provider 
and with recommendation being a key driver to the choice of funeral director being 
used. In addition, the Group’s actions on pricing and promotion sought to protect the 
Group’s funeral market share by offering more affordable options. This focus on 
affordability has allowed our market share to begin to stabilise. 

For crematoria operations this is mitigated by the Group’s experience and ability in 
managing the development of new crematoria. 

Additionally, the combination of the development of strong national brands and 
significant investment in digital capability together with a range of product and price 
offerings to clients will strengthen the Group’s competitiveness. 

See Operating review: p.34 to p.40

Demographic shifts in population   
There can be no assurance that demographic shifts in 
population will not lead to a reduced demand for funeral 
services in areas where Dignity operates. 

In such situations, Dignity would seek to follow the population shift by rebalancing the 
funeral location network together with meeting the developing cultural requirements.

See Operating review: p.34 to p.40

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  49

Operational risk management (continued)

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Competition   
The UK funeral services, crematoria and pre-need 
markets are currently fragmented. 

There could be further consolidation or increased 
competition in the industry, whether in the form of 
intensified price competition, service competition, over 
capacity facilitated by the internet or otherwise, which 
could lead to an erosion of the Group’s market share, 
average incomes or costs and consequently a reduction 
in its profitability. 
Failure to replenish or increase the bank of pre-arranged 
funeral plans could affect market share of the funeral 
division in the longer-term. 

Competition continues to intensify, with additional 
funeral directors opening at varying price points, 
alongside an increase in the popularity of direct 
cremations. 

Regulation of pre-arranged funeral plans  
HM Treasury has said “Responses to the call for evidence 
have confirmed that consumer detriment is present in 
the market and that there is a need for compulsory 
regulation of the sector. 

In the light of the responses to the call for evidence, the 
government has maintained its position that bringing 
funeral plan providers within the remit of the FCA would 
be the most effective policy response for strengthening 
the regulation of the market.” 

Regulation could affect the Group’s opportunity to sell 
pre-arranged funeral plans in the future or could result in 
the Group not being able to draw down the current level 
of marketing allowances. 

Regulation of the funeral industry  
Regulation could result in increased compliance costs  
for the industry as a whole or other unforeseen 
consequences including capping of funeral and 
cremation prices.

Under the Transformation Plan, the funeral service model will be adapted to better  
suit evolving client needs and to improve efficiency. We will provide customers with a 
more tailored service, allowing them to choose how they wish to interact with Dignity  
in arranging a funeral through mobile staff and improved digital capabilities. 

We have developed a new tiered funeral pricing proposition, specifically targeting 
different market segments that will provide greater flexibility to meet individual  
client needs. 

By unbundling our prices and services to provide our customers with greater flexibility 
to create the right funeral, we will be able to provide greater consistency and 
competitiveness on price, while reflecting Dignity's premium service levels. 
Building national brands with a significant online presence and visibility leverages  
our scale and addresses the needs of increasingly digitally focused clients. Through  
the Dignity and Simplicity names, we plan to build known, national brands to leverage 
scale advantages in the digital age. We will develop our marketing proposition to 
promote the Group's commitment to high standards of care, quality of service delivery 
and competitive entry prices. We also recognise that our established local funeral 
trading names continue to have significant value in the communities they serve. 
Through better allocation of our resources, the resultant efficiencies will allow us to 
reduce the number of funeral operating networks and their associated cost. Support 
functions are being centralised where appropriate to ensure a cost effective and 
consistent high standard of service.  

There are challenges to opening new crematoria due to the need to obtain planning 
approval and the costs of development. Dignity has extensive experience in managing 
the development of new crematoria. 

The Group offers a market leading pre-need product, the marketing of which will 
benefit from the current and future significant investment in marketing and  
enhanced digital presence. 

See Chief Executive’s review: p.16 to p.27

Any changes would apply to the industry as a whole and not just the Group.  
Regulation could materially change the business model and would likely increase costs. 

The risk is mitigated through the high standards of selling and administration of 
market leading pre-arranged funeral plans operated by the Group which will benefit 
from the significant investment in marketing and an enhanced digital presence. 
We continue to seek appropriate regulation of our markets and welcome the 
consultation by HM Treasury, in which we are actively engaged. 

See Chief Executive’s review: p.16 to p.27

The Group already operates at a very high standard, compared to the majority of  
our competitors, using facilities appropriate for the dignified care of the deceased. 
The impact of price caps is impossible to quantify at this stage. 

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50  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Principal risks and uncertainties continued 

Operational risk management (continued)

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Changes in the funding of the pre-arranged funeral  
plan business 
In the current regulatory environment, the Group  
has given commitments to pre-arranged funeral plan 
members to provide certain funeral services in the future. 

Funding for these plans is reliant on either insurance 
companies paying the amounts owed or the pre-
arranged funeral plan Trusts having sufficient assets. 
If this is not the case then the Group may receive a lower 
amount per funeral.

Implementation of the Transformation Plan  
In 2018, Dignity conducted an operational review which 
resulted in the development of a Transformation Plan. 

The core components of the Transformation Plan are: 

• Modernise the client proposition; 

• Invest in and simplify the operating model; and 

• Streamline central support and invest in technology  
to centralise and automate administrative processes. 

A risk exists that the Plan is either not implemented 
correctly or proves to be materially disruptive to the 
funeral business with the possible result of cost 
escalation or failure to realise benefits. 

There is considerable regulation around insurance companies which is designed, 
amongst other things, to ensure that the insurance companies meet their obligations. 

The Trusts hold assets with the objective of achieving returns slightly in excess  
of inflation. 
The latest actuarial valuation of the pre-arranged funeral plan Trusts demonstrates  
an actuarial surplus. This is supported by robust average assets per plan.

See note 30.

This risk has been and will be mitigated by executive leadership in the business 
supported by the Transformation Director who reports to the Chief Executive. 

The Transformation Team has made substantial progress within a clearly defined and 
accountable project framework. Delivery in 2019 has been in line with expectations. 

See Chief Executive’s review: p.16 to p.27

Direct cremations  
Growth in the direct cremation market could reduce 
average income in the funeral business and adversely 
affect the volume mix and average income in the 
crematoria business.

The Group has addressed this with Simplicity Cremations which offers low-cost direct 
cremations without any initial funeral service that are both respectful and dignified. 
They are an affordable alternative to a full funeral or for those who wish to have  
a simple cremation. The Group also now offers a Simplicity pre-arranged funeral  
plan option. 

CMA investigation into the funeral industry  
The CMA full market investigation into the funeral  
market examines whether the information provided by 
funeral directors on prices and services is clear enough 
for people to be able to choose the best option for them. 

It is also looking at how prices have changed over time 
and the factors that affect them. 

Cremation fees are being considered as part of the review. 

The initial CMA working papers indicate possible 
remedies including the introduction of a quality 
regulation regime, measures to promote greater 
information transparency, price controls and local 
authority procurement of funeral directors services.  
Pricing controls, if implemented, could have a 
significantly detrimental impact on the Group. 

Simplicity Cremations is being promoted via a strong online presence together with  
TV advertising. Other media advertising is also planned.

See Chief Executive’s review: p.16 to p.27

Dignity has engaged constructively with the CMA and strongly supports the 
opportunity to improve standards within the sector and meet the expectations  
of consumers. 
Dignity has pro-actively been making changes to its business for some time in 
response to changing customer demand and will continue to review its operations  
to ensure that the CMA’s concerns are addressed.  
The Group is focused on enhancing the customer proposition, its service and pricing 
model and will continue to adapt to serve evolving client needs. 
Price is a factor when making a decision, but quality is also a vital component and 
ultimately ensures that consumers are happy with services provided. Whilst Dignity's 
Simplicity service is the lowest price, nationally available, attended funeral service, our 
research demonstrates that consumers consider the smooth running of the funeral 
and proper care of the deceased more than cost. Our business has been built with a 
focus on high-quality service delivery and we closely monitor the results of our client 
surveys to ensure we continue to maintain the highest levels of excellent client service 
and standards of care. 
However, until potential price caps are actually realised, it is impossible to quantify  
the impact or potential mitigation.

See Chief Executive’s review: p.16 to p.27

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  51

Financial risk management

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Financial Covenant under the Secured Notes  
The Group’s Secured Notes requires EBITDA to total  
debt service to be above 1.5 times. If this financial 
covenant (which is applicable to the securitised subgroup 
of Dignity) is not achieved, then this may lead to an Event 
of Default under the terms of the Secured Notes, which 
could result in the Security Trustee taking control of  
the Securitisation Group on behalf of the Secured  
Note holders.  

In addition, the Group is required to achieve a more 
stringent ratio of 1.85 times for the same test in order  
to be permitted to transfer excess cash from the 
Securitisation Group to Dignity plc.

The nature of the Group’s debt means that the denominator is now fixed unless 
further Secured Notes are issued in the future. This means that the covenant 
headroom will change proportionately with changes in EBITDA generated by the 
securitised subgroup. 

Current trading continues to support the Group’s financial obligations, however  
lower reported profitability increases the risk of breaching covenants. 

See Financial review: p.41 to p.45

Viability statement 

The Directors confirm that they have a reasonable expectation that the Group will continue to operate and meet its liabilities, as 
they fall due, for the subsequent three years to December 2022. 

The key consideration of viability is the Group’s ability to service its Secured Notes as and when those obligations fall due, twice a 
year. The Directors have fully considered severe but reasonable scenarios, and the effectiveness of any mitigating actions, on the 
Group’s ability to generate funds to meet those obligations. Consistent with the prior period, three years has been selected as the 
appropriate period of review. 

In making this statement the Directors have reviewed the overall resilience of the Group and have specifically considered: 

• the Group’s current position and trading prospects; 
• the current and ongoing strategy;  
• the Board’s appetite for risk; and 
• a robust assessment of the principal risks facing the Group, including those that would threaten its business model, future 

performance, solvency or liquidity, and how they are managed, as explained in this Strategic Report (pages 46 to 51). 

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52  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Non-financial information statement 

We believe that operating sustainably and responsibly is fundamental 
to creating long-term value. At the heart of our business is a 
commitment to doing the right thing: behaving ethically, working 
safely, reducing our environmental impact, attracting and developing 
our people and having a positive social impact in our communities. 

Our corporate responsibility activities are an important way for us to 
deliver upon our strategic objectives. We believe that the best way to 
support a sustainable business is to act in the long-term interests of  
all our stakeholders, in addition to making a positive contribution to 
the communities in which we operate. 

Our objective is not only to provide and enhance the reputation of  
our Group but also to promote and embed a culture of responsibility 
and performance that adds value to our clients, our people, our 
shareholders and the local communities we serve. 

The following table summarises the non-financial information 
provided in the Annual Report and demonstrates how it is linked  
to the reporting requirements of sections 414CA and 414CB of the 
Companies Act 2006.

Reporting requirement

Impacts

Employees

Environment

Waste disposal

Crematoria emissions

Ethical Sourcing

Human Rights

We are truly a people business because we help people at an extremely difficult  
time in their lives. Meeting their needs means that our employees must be caring, 
thoughtful and truly engaged with those they serve. Dignity staff show clients care 
and commitment demonstrating what we call ‘The Dignity Way’. This describes a 
special culture and way of working that means delivering the highest standards  
of service and going the extra mile.  

We believe that the quality of our people is a strong enabler of business growth.  
We value our people as they are a great asset. We support them by recognising  
and rewarding performance and long service plays a key part in this.  

We aim to provide a safe working environment, encourage personal development, 
responsibility and respect, and attract a diverse and inclusive workforce.

Relevant sections of Annual Report  
and related policies

• Strategy and business model – page 28 
• Corporate and Social Responsibility – page 53 
• Directors’ Report – page 92 
• Code of Conduct (1)  
• Equality and Diversity Policy(1) 
• Health and Safety Policy 
• Our CSR commitments(1)

We are committed to maintaining the quality of the environment in which we  
all live and we aim to reduce the impact of our operations so that we act in an 
environmentally friendly manner.

• Corporate and Social Responsibility – page 53 
• Our CSR commitments(1)

Dignity produces waste that is hazardous. Specifically this is items such as gloves 
used for handling the deceased, waste arising from embalming and mercury from 
cremator abatement, which are placed in dedicated containers and are collected by 
contractors and incinerated. All sites where this happens have been registered as 
required under the legislation. All other waste is disposed of in accordance with local 
authority regulations. The Regional Health and Safety Managers also monitor this 
area.  A waste disposal mission statement has been issued to all sites.

Crematoria are subject to emission controls from the local authority areas in which 
they are sited. They are licensed on an annual basis with quarterly emissions testing 
information being submitted to the local authority. All cremators are subject to 
rigorous maintenance schedules completed by an external contractor.  

Air Pollution Control is a risk for all crematoria. The Company’s nominated service 
provider completes a planned test programme on all cremators which includes 
emissions testing. This mitigates the risk of any air pollution control issues.   

There is a risk that Dignity could use a supplier that manufactures or purchases 
goods that are made using slave, forced or child labour.  

This risk is mitigated firstly by purchasing via a reputable agent and secondly by 
ethical audits. Factories that supply Dignity are inspected by the General Manager of 
Dignity Manufacturing on a three yearly cycle and ethical questionnaires completed 
in conjunction with the owners of those factories. An E-Learning Module addressing 
the Modern Slavery Act is rolled out to managers. 

• Health, Safety and Environmental Performance – page 58 
• Safe Handling and Use of Substances Policy 
• Waste Disposal Mission Statement 

• Health, Safety and Environmental Performance – page 58 
• Our CSR commitments(1)  

• Modern Slavery Act Statement(1) 
• E-Learning Module 
• Our CSR commitments(1) 

We are committed to ensuring that there is no modern slavery or human trafficking 
in our supply chains or in any part of our business. Our stated commitment is to act 
ethically and with integrity in all our business relationships and to implement and 
enforce effective systems and controls to ensure slavery and human trafficking is  
not taking place anywhere in our supply chains or in any part of the business.

• Modern Slavery Act Statement (1) 
• Our CSR commitments(1)

Anti-corruption and  
anti-bribery

We are committed to conducting our operations in a fair and ethical manner and  
will not tolerate any form of bribery or corruption from employees, suppliers or 
other parties. 

• Anti-bribery and Corruption Policy(1) 
• Money Laundering Policy 
• Code of Conduct(1) 
• Ethics and Conflicts of Interest Policy 
• Annual declarations of compliance with both the  
Ethics and Conflicts of Interest Policy and other  
relevant policies and laws.

Due diligence processes 
implemented in the 
pursuit of policies

We have induction, training and e-learning programmes to ensure that our  
policies and processes are understood and implemented by our employees.  
Our policies and processes promote and embed a culture of responsibility and 
performance that adds value to all of our stakeholders. In 2019, an Annual 
Compliance Declaration was completed by each member of the Executive and 
Senior Management Teams for the individual to confirm compliance with all 
applicable rules, regulations and policies.

• For our strategy and business model, relationships  

and services, see page 28 

• Our non-financial key performance indicators are  

shown on page 31 

• For our principal risks and uncertainties and how they 

are mitigated, see page 46 

(1) These can be found on the Group’s website 

www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and social responsibility 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  53

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Areas of focus  
We started the review by looking again at how our operations – 
what we do as a business day-to-day – intersect with CSR issues, 
in particular, employee engagement, our communities and the 
environment. These three areas of focus have been the bedrock 
of our CSR thinking over the years from which we have developed 
three specific CSR pillars:  

Our People (Expertise and Culture); Relationships (Building 
strong relationships and community impact); and Resources 
(Health, Safety and Environmental Performance). 

Employee engagement (‘Our People’) is essential if we are  
to successfully deliver the Transformation Plan. As a result, 
improved employee engagement has been a major priority this 
year and we have looked carefully at this crucial area and taken 
significant steps to improve it through initiatives such as our 
Employee Forum. We have worked hard to ensure we can 
deliver the necessary changes at branch level and that employees 
can provide feedback and are properly informed and trained. 

One consequence of this activity has been the creation of a 
much larger Human Resources function with a wider range of 
additional skill sets to ensure it properly fits the needs of our 
employees and the business. At the same time, great care is 
being taken to ensure that our strong, caring culture is preserved 
in the midst of widespread change. Achieving this balance is of 
prime importance. As part of our Transformation Plan we will 
evaluate our CSR pillar, ‘Our People (Expertise and Culture)’, 
ensuring it is aligned to the business strategy, to industry Best 
Practice and the expectations of both our internal and external 
stakeholders. A full definition of what we mean and what is 
required by managers and employees will be developed when 
the Transformation Plan is closer to completion. 

Regarding the environment, part of our ‘Resources (Health, 
Safety and Environmental Performance)’ CSR pillar, we will 
monitor whether changes to working practices as a result of the 
Transformation Plan may impact our carbon footprint. The likely 
impact cannot yet be fully assessed given that we are in the early 
stages of piloting these changes. We will have a better picture  
at the end of 2020. However, at present, our carbon footprint 
remains low – we continue to report to the CDP (formerly  
Carbon Disclosure Project) on an annual basis and have  
retained our B score. 

Regarding communities, part of our ‘Relationships (Building 
strong relationships and community impact)’ pillar, the work of 
our Transformation Plan team at branch level has demonstrated 
the high-quality of many of our branches’ relationships with their 
communities and the type of outreach that takes place. We want 
to capture and share good examples across the whole Group 
and encourage wider adoption in order to further enhance our 
reputation as a positive contributor within the communities we 
so proudly serve. 

Looking at the changing needs of clients, we recognise the  
future requirement to provide ‘sustainable’ funerals. What that 
might mean in practice will require definition but the demand  
for non-traditional and ‘sustainable’ alternatives is likely to grow. 
Over time we will evaluate what ‘good’ looks like in the market 
and assess what standards can be developed in order to offer  
a genuine alternative that our clients have confidence in and 
which will withstand rigorous stakeholder scrutiny.  

Richard Portman, Corporate Services Director

Our CSR Strategy Review 

“In last year’s Annual Report I announced  
a review of our CSR strategy. This was in  
the context of the unprecedented change 
taking place in the business through our 
Transformation Plan. Because the Plan 
involves a root and branch appraisal of  
our business and operations it provides  
a valuable opportunity to review all  
aspects of our role and behaviour as  
a corporate citizen.”

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
54  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Corporate and social responsibility continued 

Celebrating experience  
and promoting diversity

Employee diversity 

Senior managers  
(% & number) 

Senior and middle managers  
(% & number)

Male: 80% (24 employees)
Female: 20% (6 employees) 

Male: 62% (113 employees)
Female: 38% (68 employees) 

As well as looking at what we do we have reviewed what Best 
Practice in CSR looks like amongst a number of similar and  
also dissimilar businesses. We have also taken account of both 
current and developing thinking around sustainability and ESG 
(Environmental, Social and Governance). What is clear is that  
the interest in sustainability and ESG matters is now a dominant 
theme and many companies are explicitly aligning CSR policies 
and practices with their corporate strategy.   

As a Board we have long placed strong corporate governance  
at the heart of the way we run the business on behalf of all  
our stakeholders. We recognise also that the support of our 
employees in such a caring profession is fundamental. The  
role of our branches in their communities is becoming more 
visible through the work of the Transformation Plan team. 
Members of that team have been greatly impressed by the level 
of staff commitment. This is borne out by the high customer 
satisfaction scores that we return, year after year. We can make 
a strong case that we are a force for good in our communities.   

However, we cannot be complacent. There is a need now, more 
than ever, to not only update our sustainability policies and set 
appropriate goals and KPIs but also to ensure that our policies 
are aligned to the overall corporate strategy. We also recognise 
that we can explain our CSR strategy, policy and practices better 
within the business. Those practices, which are changing and 
evolving as a result of the Transformation Plan, in particular 
employee engagement, need to be embedded in the 
management culture. Other, existing good practices, must  
be articulated better, shared and properly understood and 
owned by employees. 

A revised CSR Strategy 

Recommendations 
The recommendations of the review are as follows:

As the Transformation Plan reaches  
its conclusion, the Group will publish  
a revised CSR strategy. We will 
strengthen our existing approach by 
taking account of emerging trends and 
priorities in CSR which are relevant to 
our business. If necessary we must be 
prepared to go beyond the ‘People’, 
‘Relationships’ and ‘Resources’ 
framework currently in place.

1/ The Group will prepare and publish  
a refreshed CSR Strategy document 
which is clearly aligned and designed 
for employees and other stakeholders. 
It will make clear what the Group 
regards as best practice and the 
requirements on management and 
employees. It will be used to help drive 
and sustain the changes being made in 
the business by the Transformation. 

2/ We will consider whether to extend the 
CSR framework, currently comprising: 
Our People (Expertise and Culture); 
Relationships (Building strong 
relationships and community impact); 
and Resources (Health, Safety and 
Environmental Performance). 

3/ We will ensure that our revised 

strategy is in line with any potential 
upcoming social and environmental 
legislation e.g. carbon reduction 
targets and waste management,  
as well as industry best practice. 

4/ We will ensure that our strategy 

includes both internal and external 
targets that are transparent and will 
keep stakeholders up to date with 
our progress and challenges. 

“The revised CSR Strategy will ideally be produced and published 
during 2021 following further work with the Transformation Plan 
team on areas including employee engagement and 
environmental impact.”

 
 
 
 
Our people  

Expertise and culture

Total employees/ratio  
(% & number)

Employee service  
(% & number)

Long service  

30% 

30 per cent of our people 
have worked at Dignity for 
more than 10 years. 

3,304

Male: 48% (1,574 employees)
Female: 52% (1,730 employees)  

Less than 1 year: 16% (520 employees)
1–4 years: 35% (1,150 employees)
5–9 years: 19% (645 employees) 
10–19 years: 20% (655 employees)
Over 20 years: 10% (334 employees)

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  55

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Building engagement 

For a business that prides itself on 
communicating sensitively with clients, 
we have to ensure the same care and 
consideration is shown towards our 
own people too. That means regular 
dialogue which is accessible through  
a variety of channels, with the 
opportunity for colleagues to interact 
and easily share their feedback. 

With a continued focus on the 
Transformation Plan, it is clear that 
employees will also want to know  
how changes affect them and their 
particular roles.  

Adopting a multi-channel approach  
has seen us develop digital 
communications solutions  
that sit alongside our established 
company newsletter. Good to Great  
is a dedicated website housing news,  
blogs, FAQs, diary dates, occasional 
competitions and opinion polls.  
Users can comment on site content 
and enter into related discussions  
with their colleagues.  

We will soon be adding a secure section 
for managers to facilitate information 
sharing and promoting best practice 
through toolkits.  

Other initiatives include a fortnightly 
email bulletin charting the progress  
of the Transformation Plan, monthly 
managers’ calls, Town Hall 
presentations for head office 
colleagues and regular engagement 
surveys. This summer we will run  
the second of our Good to Great  
Live management conferences with 
keynote speakers and detailed 
business updates. 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
56  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Corporate and social responsibility continued 

Supporting each other 

Giving our people a voice  

More frequent and accessible communication is 
complemented by an increase in the face to face support 
available to colleagues, particularly those in operational  
roles across funerals, crematoria and manufacturing.  

During the last year we successfully established a new 
Employee Forum to facilitate regular and constructive 
engagement between colleagues and senior management, 
including the Board. 

Our HR department has expanded to include a team of  
nine regional Business Partners. The role is very much a 
consultative one, so rather than focus solely on reactive and 
administrative issues, the Partners provide guidance in areas 
such as recruitment, learning and development and 
improving business results.  

Across the organisation, we have been looking carefully  
at people support and specifically the area of reward and 
recognition. We are exploring opportunities for additional 
benefits that enhance our position as a desirable and 
appealing place to work.  

We care deeply about the wellbeing of our people and 
continue to offer access to an Employee Assistance 
Programme. This free and confidential advice service is 
available 24/7 and enables colleagues to discuss any issues 
that may be causing them concern, be they related to work, 
home life, or their physical and mental health. 

Hundreds applied for the opportunity to represent their 
colleagues and business area through the Forum and the 
successful 17 candidates were chosen following a staff vote. 

The purpose of the Employee Forum is to share information 
on a broad range of topics, everything from business 
performance and operational initiatives to future strategy  
and vision. It also creates a platform for relaying colleagues’ 
opinions, feelings and ideas, helping to ensure that the 
business decisions we make are fully informed with insight 
from all major stakeholders. 

Three meetings have been held to date, each attended by 
Chief Executive Mike McCollum, and the outputs shared 
through communications tools such as our internal newsletter. 

“More frequent and  
accessible communication is 
complemented by an increase 
in the face to face support 
available to colleagues.” 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Relationships  

Building strong  
relationships and 
community impact

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  57

“In our desire to become more 
digitally enabled and offer 
greater choice to customers, 
we have taken our knowledge 
to create an innovative online 
tool that guides people 
through the essential steps 
they need to follow when 
someone dies.” 

Reaching out to our local communities 

Supporting a variety of charities 

From the clients and families we care for, to the communities 
we serve, building and maintaining strong external 
relationships plays a key role in the overall success of  
our business.  

Dignity is proud to work with a number of charitable partners, 
sometimes through fundraising activities or sponsorship, or 
alternatively by giving up our time and offering assistance to 
local projects near our branches and crematoria.  

In the case of our clients, relationships frequently extend 
beyond the funeral itself – after all, the grieving process is never 
so straightforward and will affect different people in different 
ways over different timespans.  

A popular and welcome initiative has been the communal 
memorial services coordinated by our colleagues in the build 
up to Christmas. We organise hundreds across the country, 
both for clients we have helped, as well as wider members of 
the community who also wish to participate. 

The services are a chance to remember and celebrate loved 
ones, whose names are read out as a mark of respect, before 
family members are invited to light a candle. Poignant, 
emotional, but also comforting, it is a chance for Funeral 
Directors and Funeral Arrangers to speak with families and 
offer further support if required. 

Guidance just a click away  
In our desire to become more digitally enabled and offer 
greater choice to customers, we have taken our knowledge  
to create an innovative online tool that guides people through 
the essential steps they need to follow when someone dies.  
An extension of our website, the tool is mobile friendly, easy 
to navigate and produces a bespoke checklist for the user 
based on the answers they provide to a series of questions 
related to the circumstances of their loss.  

Location tracking recommends external organisations that 
can help and, if required, also signposts a selection of our 
nearest funeral directors. The service is not reserved for 
Dignity customers and can help anyone in need of guidance 
when trying to cope with the sometimes complex procedures 
associated with registering a death.  

We have enjoyed a longstanding partnership with the British 
Heart Foundation and in the past year presented the charity 
with a donation of approximately £234,000.  

Among the related projects we have supported is the 
installation of defibrillation equipment into all Dignity 
operated crematoria throughout England and Scotland, while 
colleagues have been learning valuable CPR techniques that 
could also help to save a life in the event of an emergency. 

As the partnership continues, we will be looking at carrying 
out similar installations on the exteriors of our funeral 
branches and office premises in busy locations where there 
are currently no defibrillators nearby.  

Alongside such large scale national partnerships, we also 
recognise the importance of responding to more localised 
causes where many of our funeral branches and crematoria 
have proud connections to their respective communities that 
span generations.  

In short, one size does not fit all and we encourage colleagues 
to identify the particular charities and community groups they 
want to support, often following requests from a client. We  
are also considering the feasibility of topping up localised 
fundraising through a centrally administered grants scheme. 

We have enjoyed a longstanding 
partnership with the British  
Heart Foundation.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
58  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Corporate and social responsibility continued 

Health, Safety and  
Environmental performance

Working safely  
and reducing our 
environmental impact

Reduction in reportable accidents 

17% 

Since 2009 the number of accidents has 
reduced by 17 per cent.

Mercury abated cremations 

35,000 

A total of 35,000 cremations at our crematoria 
during 2019 were mercury abated, exceeding 
the required industry standard.

Waste management partnership 

We have entered into a  
new partnership with Veolia  
to handle our general and  
mixed recyclable waste  
on a national basis. 

Reducing our carbon footprint and  
environmental impacts 

We have calculated our Scope 1 and Scope 2  
GHG emissions since 2010 and work alongside 
Ecometrica Ltd to assist with our carbon emissions 
reporting. This supports greater transparency  
and accuracy of data. We also reported on water 
and waste management under the Scope 3 
requirements.

Keeping people safe 

Safety in the workplace remains a priority, helping to protect the 
people who work at, and visit, our premises. Working in a safe 
environment allows us to focus on delivering excellent service  
to our clients, while also supporting employee engagement  
and retention. 

Dignity has a full-time Head of Health and Safety and a team  
of eight regional Health and Safety Officers providing support 
services to our branches, crematoria, manufacturing site and 
head office locations. 

The team works hard to minimise incidents and improve our 
safety culture and behaviours.  We monitor health and safety 
through quarterly analysis, inspection of premises, surveillance 
and regular reports to the Board. 

We also proactively identify areas requiring action with the 
intention of further risk reduction across the business. 

Health & safety training (number)

12 

68 

274 

0 

25 

50 

75 

100 

125 

150 

175 

200 

225 

250 

275 

Employees with NEBOSH qualification: 12 
Employees with IOSH qualification: 68 
Employees with CIEH qualification: 274 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  59

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Managing our environmental impact 

Environmental performance

Our business has a well-established culture of safety and 
operational excellence and aims to provide strong leadership 
in the pursuit of safe and environmentally responsible 
workplaces. We are mindful of the importance of minimising 
the impact our business activities have on the environment 
and the need to mitigate future risks wherever possible. 

A total of 35,000 cremations at our crematoria during 2019 
were mercury abated. This represents 54 per cent of all the 
cremations carried out, which exceeds the required industry 
standard set by the Department for Environment, Food and 
Rural Affairs. 

We are aware that new technology is in development that  
will help to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions at crematoria  
and are supporting the exclusive testing of such equipment  
in partnership with the manufacturer at one of our sites in 
Northampton. In addition, we are investigating the potential 
benefits of alternative fuels and energy recovery as ways of 
lowering consumption levels. We hope to be able to report 
positive progress in these areas over the next 12 months. 

Dignity’s coffin manufacturing facility has ISO14001 
accreditation, an internationally recognised standard for an 
effective environmental management system that is designed 
to address the balance between reducing environmental 
impact and maintaining profitability. 

Our coffins are manufactured using raw materials that 
originate from well-managed and sustainable sources. For 
example, 98 per cent of the coffins we produced last year were 
manufactured using timber certified by the Forest Stewardship 
Council (FSC). 

Waste management services  

After carrying out a detailed review of our supplier agreements 
for waste management we have entered into a new 
partnership with Veolia to handle our general and mixed 
recyclable waste on a national basis.   

Working with a single provider rather than managing multiple 
contracts makes the process more streamlined and brings cost 
savings as well. We track where waste is going once collected 
and with Veolia’s support our objective over the course of the 
contract is to ensure nothing is sent to landfill. 

Environmental reporting 
As part of our ongoing commitment to reduce our carbon 
footprint and environmental impacts, Dignity has reported  
to CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project) since 2008.  
CDP is a not-for-profit organisation that measures disclosures 
from thousands of companies and cities across the world.   
It encourages best practice in reporting and reducing 
environmental impact through a scoring process. 

Scoring is based on a number of criteria designed to  
assess Energy Management practices and Environmental 
Strategy, specifically around Performance and Reporting,  
Risk Management and Business Strategy in relation to  
climate change.  

Dignity’s 2019 submission achieved a ‘B’ rating, with ‘A’ being 
the highest rating and ‘E’ being the lowest. We also reported  
on water and waste management under the Scope 3 
requirements. 

Greenhouse gas emissions reporting for 2019 

The Group reports its greenhouse gas to CDP on an annual 
basis in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent resulting from  
the combustion of fuel (direct Scope 1 emissions) and that 
resulting from the purchase of electricity (indirect Scope 2 
emissions).  

The emissions for the last five years are as follows: 

                                                                        2019               2018               2017               2016            2015 

Scope 1                              15,844     16,028     15,535     15,616    14,988 
Scope 2                                      59           174           423        7,106      7,455 

Total                                    15,903     16,202     15,958     22,722    22,443 

Per FTE Employee                  5.2            5.3            4.8            8.0           8.2 

Our energy consumption figures over the same periods are: 

                                                                   2019               2018               2017               2016            2015 

MWh                                   94,067     95,147     92,121     91,413    87,730 

Methodology 
Our greenhouse gas emissions have been calculated on a per 
full-time equivalent employee ratio. This intensity metric is the 
best measure available to the Group given the diversity of the 
property portfolio, the three separate divisions of the business, 
and the absence of a similar business to benchmark against. 

We have calculated our Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions 
since 2010 and work alongside Ecometrica Ltd to assist with 
our carbon emissions reporting. This supports greater 
transparency and accuracy of data. Emissions have derived 
from accurate consumption information on utility bills, smart 
meter readings and fuel card data. 

GHG emissions have been calculated in accordance with the 
GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard 
(revised edition), using the location based on the Scope 2 
calculation method together with the latest emission factors 
from recognised public sources, principally Defra/DECC.  
In addition, Dignity’s carbon emissions disclosure has been 
undertaken in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. 

Percentage Index Graph Scope 1 & 2 Only (Base Year 2009)

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170

150

130

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70

50

2009

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2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

Total C02  (Market Based) 
FTE Employees 
Services Performed  

Operating Profit (in £m) 
Revenue (in £m)  
Energy MWh  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
60  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Governance

In this section 

61 Chairman’s introduction to governance 
63 Governance structure 
64 Board of Directors 
66 Executive Management Team 
67 Directors’ statement on corporate governance 
72 Audit Committee report 
75 Nomination Committee report 
77 Report on Directors’ remuneration 
92 Directors’ report

 
 
 
Chairman’s introduction to governance 

The Board is committed to a strong governance  
framework based on openness, accountability and trust.  
It is an essential part of the way we do business.

Dear Shareholder, 

Following my appointment as the Chairman of your Company 
in September 2019, I am delighted to present on behalf of the 
Board the Group’s Corporate Governance Report for 2019.  
This report is intended to provide shareholders with a clear and 
comprehensive explanation of what good governance means 
within Dignity, what it means to us as the Board of Directors, 
how it is applied and how it guides our decision making. 

We are reporting in line with the UK Corporate Governance 
Code April 2016 (the ‘Code’). Save for the exceptions noted 
later, Dignity has complied with all relevant provisions 
throughout the period ending 27 December 2019. How we 
have achieved this is covered in this section of our Annual 
Report and comprehensively explains our approach to and  
the application of good corporate governance. 

The Financial Reporting Council released a new version of the 
Code in July 2018 which applies to reporting periods beginning 
on or after 1 January 2019. This 2018 Code will therefore apply 
during the course of the year ending 25 December 2020. As a 
business we are adopting early much of the 2018 Code and 
changes will be reflected in next year’s report. 

Good governance is crucial at all levels within the Group and it 
is the responsibility of the Board both to lead by example and 
to set the tone from the top. It means ensuring that an effective 
internal framework of systems and controls exists which 
includes clearly defined authorities and accountability which 
promote success, whilst allowing risks to be managed to 
appropriate levels. To do this the Board must make sound 
judgements whilst giving consideration to the views of our 
shareholders and other stakeholders. 

Clive Whiley 
Chairman 

11 March 2020

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  61

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Clive Whiley, Chairman 

Compliance with the UK Corporate Governance Code 
In the 2019 reporting period, Dignity plc was subject to the April 
2016 UK Corporate Governance Code (the ‘Code’) issued by the 
Financial Reporting Council (available at frc.org.uk). As a listed 
company, Dignity is required to report on how it has applied 
the principles of the Code and this is set out in the following 
pages. The Board is pleased to report that, other than as 
detailed in the paragraphs below, Dignity has complied with  
all of the provisions of the Code throughout the period ended 
27 December 2019 and remained compliant at the date this 
2019 Annual Report was published.  

In 2008, Peter Hindley relinquished the role of Chief Executive 
and became Chairman of the Board. This was contrary to  
the Code as he was not independent on appointment as 
Chairman. However, in accordance with the Code, that 
appointment was only made after consultation with the major 
shareholders of the Group at that time acknowledging the 
importance of retaining Peter Hindley’s skills and knowledge  
of the funeral sector.  

In May 2018, the Board announced that Peter Hindley, in 
accordance with his wishes, would retire from the Board  
in 2019 and he did so on 13 June 2019. I was appointed 
independent Non-Executive Chairman on 26 September 2019. 
In the period between Peter retiring and my appointment, 
David Blackwood, our Senior Independent Director, was 
appointed Interim Chairman. During this interim period and 
indeed prior to this when James Wilson was appointed on  
1 May 2019, the Company was not compliant with Code 
Provision B.1.2 which requires at least half of the board 
excluding the chairman, to comprise of independent  
non-executive directors. 

Board Changes 
James Wilson was appointed to the Board on 1 May 2019. 
James is a partner at Phoenix Asset Management Partners 
Limited which manages 26.7 per cent of the Company’s shares. 
James has no involvement in how the shares in the Company 
are voted.  

When Peter Hindley stood down from the Board in June 2019, 
the Board comprised three Executive and four Non-Executive 
Directors, three of whom were independent.  

Mary McNamara, Chair of the Remuneration Committee, stood 
down from the Board at year end, 27 December 2019, due to  
a substantial increase in commitments with her other Board 
appointments. 

Following Mary McNamara’s retirement from the Board at  
year end, the Board reduced to three Executive and three  
Non-Executive Directors. 

Dean Moore was appointed to the Board as an independent 
Non-Executive Director on 11 March 2020. 

At the current time and in addition to the Chairman, the Board 
comprises three Executive and four Non-Executive Directors, 
three of whom are independent.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
62  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Chairman’s introduction to governance continued 

Board induction 
Following appointment, an induction programme is provided  
to new directors so that he or she becomes as effective as 
possible in their role within the shortest practicable time.  

The induction programme includes: 

• Briefings with directors, senior managers and advisers; 

• A briefing on the role a director and the framework in which 

the Board operates; 

• Provision of Board and Committee papers and governance 
documents such as the Schedule of Matters Reserved for  
the Board; 

• Provision of corporate policies; and 

• Analysts’ reports. 

The Code requirement is for at least half the Board, excluding 
the Chairman, to be Non-Executive Directors determined by 
the Board to be independent. Jane Ashcroft, David Blackwood 
and Dean Moore are considered independent. 

Directors’ Report 
The Directors present their report for Dignity plc for the period 
ending 27 December 2019. 

Corporate Governance 
The Group is committed to high standards of corporate 
governance, details of which are given in this report and the 
separate reports from the Chairman of: 

• The Audit Committee; 

• The Nomination Committee; and 

• The Remuneration Committee. 

The various sections of this report contain summarised 
information from Dignity plc’s Articles of Association (the 
‘Articles’) and the Companies Act 2006 which is the applicable 
English law concerning companies. The relevant provisions of 
the Articles or the Companies Act should be consulted if more 
detailed information is needed.

 
 
 
 
 
Governance structure 

The Board provides strategic leadership to the Group  
within a framework of sound corporate governance  
and internal control. 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  63

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The Dignity plc Board 
(Chairman, Executive Directors and Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Board Level Committees

Audit Committee 
(Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Remuneration Committee 
(Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Nomination Committee 
(Chairman and Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Executive Management Team

The Board 
The Board is responsible for the long-term success of the  
Group which includes: 

• Overall management of the Group; 
• Setting and reviewing the strategy of the Group; 
• Delivery of the Transformation Plan; 
• Approval of major capital expenditure and acquisition projects,  

and consideration of significant financial matters; 

• Monitoring the exposure to key business risks; 
• Approval of major financing and capital structure changes  

to the Group; 

• Setting annual budgets and reviewing progress towards  

achievement of these budgets; and 

• Proposing and making dividend payments to shareholders. 

The Chairman 
The Chairman is responsible for: 

• The leadership of the Board; 
• Ensuring the Board functions effectively in all aspects of its role; 
• Facilitating the effective contribution of the Non-Executive Directors 
and ensuring a constructive working relationship between Executive 
and Non-Executive Directors; 

• Making sure all Directors receive accurate, timely and  

clear information; 

• Setting the agenda so all strategic and other important issues are 
discussed, ensuring sufficient time is devoted to discussing such 
issues; and 

• Making sure there is effective communication with stakeholders  

and acting as the public face of the Group.

Non-Executive Directors 
The Non-Executive Directors scrutinise, measure and review the 
performance of management; constructively challenge and assist in 
the development of strategy; review the Group’s financial information 
and monitor the effectiveness of internal risk management systems. 
There are three independent Non-Executive Directors. 

Senior Independent Director 
The Senior Independent Director (who was Interim Chairman  
from June 2019 until Clive Whiley’s appointment in September 2019) 
provides a sounding board for the Chairman and acts as an 
intermediary for other Directors if needed and is available to  
meet and liaise with shareholders as required.

Committees of the Board 
There are three standing committees of the Board: the Audit 
Committee; the Remuneration Committee; and the Nomination 
Committee. The Terms of Reference of these Committees are set  
by the Board and are available on the Dignity plc corporate website. 
Membership is reserved for the Independent Non-Executive  
Directors save for the Nomination Committee which is chaired  
by the Non-Executive Chairman. The Board Committee Reports  
are on pages 72 to 91. 

The Chief Executive and Executive Directors 
The Chief Executive and Executive Directors are responsible for: 
• Operational management and control of the Group on a day-to-day 
basis. Local operational decisions are the responsibility of the local 
managers, who are accountable to the Chief Executive and the 
Executive Directors; 

• Formulating and proposing strategy to the Board; and 
• Implementing the strategy and policies adopted by the Board. 

Executive Management Team 
The Executive Management Team consist of the following Executive 
Directors and Senior Managers: 

• Chief Executive: Mike McCollum; 
• Finance Director: Steve Whittern; 
• Corporate Services Director: Richard Portman; 
• Crematoria Director: Steve Gant; 
• Marketing Director: Mark Hull; 
• Director of Funeral Operations: Andrew Judd; 
• Business Development Director: Alan Lathbury; 
• Director of Pre Arrangement: Paul Toghill; and 
• Transformation Director: Paul Turner.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
64  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Board of Directors 

A strong, balanced and  
experienced Board

“Our Board members 
provide a strong and 
complementary mix  
of skills and experience. 
Together they are 
committed to building 
the long-term success  
of the Group.” 

Clive Whiley 
Non-Executive Chairman

Clive Whiley 
Non–Executive Chairman 

N

Mike McCollum 
Chief Executive 

Appointed to the Board: 2019 

Appointed to the Board: 2004 

Background and experience: 
Clive has over thirty five years’ experience in 
regulated strategic management positions 
since becoming a Member of the London 
Stock Exchange. He has extensive main board 
executive director experience across a broad 
range of financial services, engineering, 
manufacturing, distribution, retail and leisure 
businesses encompassing the UK, Europe, 
North America, Australasia, the Middle East 
and China. He is Chairman of Mothercare plc 
and a Non-Executive Director of Grand 
Harbour Marina plc and Camper & 
Nicholsons Marina Investments Limited and 
Chairman of China Venture Capital 
Management Limited, First China Venture 
Capital Limited and Y-LEE Limited.

Background and experience: 
Mike joined Dignity’s former parent, SCI,  
in 1995 from KPMG Corporate Finance in 
London. As Finance Director he was part  
of the management team that guided the 
Group through the leveraged buy out in 2002 
and IPO in 2004. He was appointed Chief 
Executive in 2009. He is a solicitor and also 
holds an MBA from Warwick University. 

External appointments: 
Non-Executive Director of CVS Group plc. 

Steve Whittern 
Finance Director 

Richard Portman 
Corporate Services Director 

Appointed to the Board: 2009 

Appointed to the Board: 2006 

Background and experience: 
Steve joined the Group in 1999 from KPMG.  
He was appointed Finance Director at the 
beginning of 2009, having spent the previous 
two years as Financial Controller, being 
responsible for the Group’s finance function.  
Steve has led the three refinancings and 
Returns of Cash since 2010, and the debt  
and equity funding for the Yew Acquisition  
in 2013. Steve is a Fellow of the Institute of 
Chartered Accountants in England and Wales 
and holds a mathematics degree from 
Warwick University. 

External appointments: 
Senior Non-Executive Director of Medica 
Group PLC.

Background and experience: 
Richard joined SCI from HSBC to be  
Chief Accountant in 1999. Following the  
IPO, Richard was appointed as Company 
Secretary and became Corporate Services 
Director in 2006. Richard is a Fellow of the 
Institute of Chartered Accountants in  
England and Wales, holds a geography 
degree from the University of Birmingham,  
is a Companion of the Chartered 
Management Institute. He is also one of  
the Trustees of the Dignity Welfare Trust. 

External appointments: 
None. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  65

Jane Ashcroft CBE 
Independent Non–Executive Director 

A N R

David Blackwood  
A N R
Senior Independent Non–Executive Director 

Tim George  
Company Secretary 

Appointed to the Board: 2012 

Appointed to the Board: 2015 

Background and experience: 
Jane is Chief Executive of Anchor Hanover, 
England’s largest provider of housing and 
care for older people and held a number of 
senior positions since joining them in 1999 
before appointment to her current role in 
2010. She is a Board member and Vice-
Chair of the National Housing Federation, 
and a founding member and Vice- Chair  
of the Associated Retirement Community 
Operators. A graduate of Stirling University, 
she is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered 
Secretaries & Administrators, a Member of 
the Chartered Institute of Personnel and 
Development, a Trustee of The Silver Line 
charity and was awarded a CBE in the 2014 
New Year’s honours list.

Background and experience: 
David is a Non-Executive Director and Audit 
Committee Chair of Scapa Group plc and  
a Non-Executive Director of Stobart Group 
Limited and has previously served as a 
member of the Cabinet Office Audit and  
Risk Committee and the Board for Actuarial 
Standards. He was Chief Financial Officer  
of Synthomer plc for seven years, stepping 
down in 2015, prior to which he held a 
number of senior roles with ICI plc. He is  
a member of the Institute of Chartered 
Accountants in England and Wales and  
a Fellow of the Association of Corporate 
Treasurers. David became Senior 
Independent Non-Executive Director of 
Dignity on 31 January 2018. He was Interim 
Chairman from June to September 2019  
and is currently Acting Chairman of the 
Remuneration Committee.

Tim was appointed Company Secretary  
in December 2018 and is a Fellow of the 
Institute of Chartered Secretaries & 
Administrators. 

Board composition, balance  
and tenure 
The Board comprises seven Directors and 
the Non-Executive Chairman. There are 
three independent Non-Executive Directors 
and three Executive Directors. 

Executive and  
Non-Executive 
Directors

Non-Executive 
Tenure

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3

2

0 – 3 years

3+ years

James Wilson 
Non–Executive Director 

Appointed to the Board: 2019 

N

3

4

1

Background and experience: 
James joined the Board as a Non-Executive 
Director on 1 May 2019. James is a partner  
at Phoenix Asset Management Partners 
Limited and manages The Huginn Fund.  
James joined Phoenix in 2013. Prior to this, 
James spent three years at Aviva Investors in 
the Pan-European equity team. James holds  
a masters degree in Civil Engineering from  
the University of Durham and is a Chartered 
Financial Analyst. James is a Non-Executive 
Director of Hornby Plc. 

Executive Directors

Non-Executive Directors 
Non-Executive Chairman 

Key to Committee membership

A

N

R

Audit Committee
Nomination Committee
Remuneration Committee
Green background denotes 
Committee Chairman.

The Board records its thanks to Peter Hindley who stood down from the Board  
on 13 June 2019 after 28 years of service to the Company and the outstanding 
contribution he made to Dignity over those years. Also to Mary McNamara who stood 
down at year end, for her wise counsel and support through a challenging period.

Links

See Audit Committee report: p.72 to p.74

See Nomination Committee report: p.75 and p.76

See Report on Directors’ remuneration: p.77 to p.91

Dean Moore 
Independent Non–Executive Director 

A N

R

Appointed to the Board: 2020 

Background and experience: 
Dean is a chartered accountant with  
extensive public company experience  
having previously been Chief Financial Officer 
at Cineworld plc, N Brown Group plc, T&S 
Stores plc and Graham Group plc and 
formerly non-executive Chairman of Tuxedo 
Money Solutions Limited. He is currently  
an independent non-executive director  
and Chairman of the Audit Committee  
at Cineworld  plc and Audit Committee 
Chairman and Senior Independent  
Director of Volex plc. 
Dean will become Chairman of the Audit 
Committee in succession to David Blackwood. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
66  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Executive Management Team 

The Executive Management Team  
consists of the Executive Directors  
and Senior Managers.

The role of the Executive 
Management Team 

The Executive Management Team is 
responsible for managing the detailed  
day-to-day tasks required to implement 
the strategy set by the Board.

Mike McCollum 
Chief Executive 
Full biography on page 64

Steve Whittern 
Finance Director 
Full biography on page 64

Richard Portman 
Corporate Services Director 
Full biography on page 64

Steve Gant 
Crematoria Director 
Steve joined what is now Dignity in 1988.   
His key area of responsibility is The 
Crematorium and Memorial Group.  
He began his career in the crematoria industry 
in 1983 and assumed management of the 
Crematoria division in 2003. Steve currently  
sits on the Executive for the Federation of Burial 
and Cremation Authorities and is part of the 
National Cremation Working Group for the 
Ministry of Justice, consulting on the revision 
and update of the Cremation Acts. 

Mark Hull 
Marketing Director 
Mark joined Dignity in 2013 as Head of 
Marketing for funeral plans and has since 
progressed and established the marketing 
function for the Group, which he now leads.  
Responsibilities cover Brand, Promotion, 
Digital Marketing and Experience, Proposition 
and Communications. 
Mark is a Chartered Marketer and Member  
of the Chartered Institute of Marketing and is 
also a Chartered Manager and Fellow of the 
Chartered Management Institute. He holds  
a Marketing degree from the University of 
Hertfordshire, a postgraduate diploma in 
Marketing from London Guildhall and an  
MBA from Cranfield University. 

Andrew Judd 
Director of Funeral Operations 
Andrew joined what is now Dignity in 1996.  
He is responsible for all aspects of the Group’s 
day-to-day provision of funeral services through 
a nationwide network of employees, funeral 
locations and associated facilities. 
Andrew has progressed through a variety of 
roles within both the Co-operative Group and 
independent sectors. He holds a degree from 
Wolverhampton University in Economics and 
Business and holds additional professional 
qualifications in both Funeral Service 
Management and Funeral Directing. He has  
held office in both the British Institute of Funeral 
Directors currently sitting on the Executive 
Committee for Professional Standards and 
Cross Industry Steering Committee for the 
Funeral Service Consumer Standards Review. 

Alan Lathbury 
Business Development Director 
Alan joined what is now Dignity in 1999.   
He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of 
Management Accountants and holds an MBA 
in Business and Finance. His principle areas  
of responsibility are Business Development  
of Crematoria, through acquisition of existing 
crematoria, building of new greenfield location 
crematoria and through partnerships with  
local authorities to manage existing 
bereavement services. Currently Alan is 
managing the Company’s response to the 
Competition and Market Authority’s 
investigation into the funeral industry.

Paul Toghill 
Director of Pre Arrangement 
Paul joined Dignity in 2006. His key area of 
responsibility is the running of Dignity Pre 
Arrangement, which includes Proposition, 
Distribution, Marketing and Operations. 
Paul has worked in the life insurance and  
pre-arranged funeral plan markets for over  
25 years, with a particular focus on funeral 
propositions, distribution and the strategic 
development of affinity partnerships including 
within FCA regulated markets. 
Paul is a Member of the Institute of Direct  
and Digital Marketing, and holds a Diploma  
in Interactive and Direct Marketing.  

Paul Turner 
Transformation Director 
Paul joined Dignity in 2018. He is responsible  
for delivering the Transformation Plan which 
involves understanding the relationship 
between price, service and volume to develop  
a broader proposition for customers across  
a number of market segments, developing a 
streamlined network and central operating 
model that can consistently deliver efficiently  
at lower-cost. 
Paul has led major change projects in a number 
of branch-based service industries including 
pubs, restaurants and builders merchants,  
and is also responsible for IT within Dignity.  
Paul graduated from the University of Stirling  
in Accounting and French Language, and is  
a Chartered Management Accountant. 

 
 
 
 
  
Directors’ statement on corporate governance 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  67

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How the Board Functions 
The Group is controlled through the Board of Directors that meets regularly throughout the year. The structure of the Board, 
together with explanations of responsibilities, is shown on page 63. Informal meetings are held between individual Directors  
as required. 

The day-to-day management of the Group is delegated to the Executive Directors and the wider Executive Management Team 
(see page 66) supported by an experienced and generally long serving senior and middle management team, the size and 
structure of which is commensurate with the complexity of the Group’s activities. Managers have the necessary skills and 
knowledge relevant to their areas of responsibility. The remainder of the responsibilities rest with the Board however, certain 
capital expenditures and acquisition projects are delegated under a formally adopted Schedule of Matters Reserved for the 
Board and Expenditure Authorisation Policy. 

All Directors are provided with the necessary papers in advance of the meetings to permit them to make informed decisions  
at those meetings. The Board also considers employee issues and key management appointments, including the role of 
Company Secretary. 

The Board now comprises seven Directors and the Non-Executive Chairman. During the period the total number of directors 
who served was nine. Peter Hindley, former Non-Executive Chairman, retired from the Board on 13 June 2019 and Mary 
McNamara, former Chair of the Remuneration Committee retired from the Board on 27 December 2019. There are currently 
three independent Non-Executive Directors and three Executive Directors. 

The Board considers that three Executive Directors, supported by the wider Executive Management Team, details of which are  
on page 66, are sufficient to manage a Group of this size, complexity and organisational structure. 

There were three independent Non-Executive Directors who served for the period: Jane Ashcroft, David Blackwood and Mary 
McNamara. Mary McNamara retired from the Board on 27 December 2019 due to a substantial increase in commitments with 
her other Board appointments. 

Biographical details for the serving Non-Executive Directors appear on page 65. Their role is to challenge constructively the 
management of the Group and to assist in the development of strategy. The Non-Executive Directors are chosen for their 
diversity of skills and experience. Each Non-Executive Director is appointed for a fixed term of two years, subject to annual  
re-election by shareholders. This term may then be renewed by mutual consent up to a maximum of nine years in accordance 
with the Code. Appointments beyond six years are also subject to rigorous review prior to approval. The Non-Executive letters  
of appointment are available, upon request, from the Company Secretary. 

David Blackwood is the Senior Independent Non-Executive Director of the Group. His role is to provide a sounding board for  
the Chairman and act as an intermediary for other Directors if needed and to be available to shareholders if so required.  

The Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors are required to, and have, confirmed formally to the Board that, mindful of their 
other commitments they have, and will have, sufficient time to devote to their responsibilities as Directors of the Company. 

Jane Ashcroft, David Blackwood and Dean Moore (appointed post year end) are independent of management as defined by the 
Code. Mary McNamara who retired from the Board at year end was also an independent Non-Executive Director. 

David Blackwood was interim Chairman of the Company from the retirement of Peter Hindley on 12 June 2019 until Clive Whiley 
was appointed Chairman on 26 September 2019. This interim position did not compromise David Blackwood’s independence as 
defined in the April 2016 UK Corporate Governance Code. 

All Directors are able to take independent professional advice on the furtherance of their duties as necessary at the Group’s 
expense. They also have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary and, where it is considered appropriate  
and necessary, training is made available to Directors. All Directors receive annual training and updates on the duties and 
responsibilities of being a Director of a listed company. This covers legal, accounting, security and tax matters as required or  
as requested by any Director. In addition, any newly appointed Director receives appropriate induction training. 

The Company maintains appropriate insurance cover in respect of any legal action against its Directors. The level of cover is 
currently £100 million. 

The Directors have, during the period, formally reminded themselves of their duties as Directors under the Companies Act 2006 
(Section 171-177). These duties include the need to avoid conflicts of interest (Section 175). No such conflicts of interest exist. 

In accordance with the Code, all Directors will submit themselves for election or re-election as appropriate at the 2020 Annual 
General Meeting. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
68  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Directors’ statement on corporate governance continued

Board Appraisal 
In accordance with the requirements of the Code, an external evaluation of the Board and its Committees was completed in 
2019. The evaluation was conducted by Lintstock Limited a corporate advisory firm, entirely independent of the Group. This 
meets the requirements of the Code that an external evaluation takes place on at least a three yearly basis. A further external 
evaluation will be undertaken in 2022. 

During the period, the Board undertook a formal and rigorous evaluation of its own performance and that of its Committees 
and Directors by way of the issue of a detailed online questionnaire to all Directors. This was followed by a detailed review by 
Lintstock Limited and the Board of the responses and identification of any actions arising. 

Specific matters reviewed by the Board were: 

• Board composition; 

• Stakeholder oversight; 

• Board dynamics; 

• Board support; 

• Management and focus of meetings; 

• Case study: CMA funerals market investigation; 

• Strategic oversight; 

• Risk Management and internal control; 

• Succession planning and human resource management; and 

• Priorities for change. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

The Non-Executive Directors, led by the Senior Independent Director, are responsible for the performance evaluation of the 
Chairman taking in to account the views of the other Executive Directors. The Board was satisfied that its performance and that 
of its Chairman, individual Directors and Committees was of the appropriate standard. 

Board and Board Committee Attendance 
Those attending and the frequency of Board and Committee meetings held during the period was as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Audit             Remuneration               Nomination 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Main Board(i)                    Committee                Committee(ii)                Committee 

Number of meetings                                                                                                                   8                         3                        3                     2 
Jane Ashcroft                                                                                                                                    8                         3                        3                     2 
David Blackwood                                                                                                                            8                         3                        3                     2 
Peter Hindley                                                                                                                                   2(iv)                      1(iii)                      2(iii)                   – 
Mike McCollum                                                                                                                               8                         3(iii)                      3(iii)                   2(iii) 
Mary McNamara                                                                                                                             8                         3                        3                     2 
Richard Portman                                                                                                                             8                         3(iii)                      –                     – 
Clive Whiley                                                                                                                                      3(iv)                      1(iii)                      1(iii)                   1 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                                                 8                         3(iii)                      1(iii)                   – 
James Wilson                                                                                                                                   6(iv)                      2(iii)                      –                     1 

(i)     Only scheduled Board meetings, of which there were eight in the period, have been included in the attendance analysis. A further eight meetings were held to consider 

announcements, documents or the grant of LTIP awards. 

(ii)    The scheduled meetings of the remuneration committee of which there were three in the period, have been included in the attendance analysis. A further meeting was held 

in the period to discuss, amongst other matters, LTIP vesting and awards. 

(iii)   In attendance by invitation of the respective Committee.  
(iv)   Peter Hindley retired from the Board on 13 June 2019. James Wilson was appointed to the Board on 1 May 2019 and Clive Whiley on 26 September 2019. 

Dean Moore was appointed to the Board on 11 March 2020. 

The Board had eight full Board meetings spread broadly equally across the year. The Board considers that eight is the 
appropriate number required to exercise effective governance and control although this is kept under review. Further meetings 
are arranged as required. 

If Directors are unable to attend a meeting, they are advised of the matters to be discussed and given an opportunity to make 
their views known to the Chairman prior to the meeting. Such views will be included in the minutes of the meeting if necessary. 

The Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors met during 2019 without the Executive Directors present. These are usually 
scheduled to occur following full Board meetings. The Non-Executive Directors also met during 2019 without the Chairman present. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  69

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The Company Secretary 
The Company Secretary, Tim George, is responsible for overseeing the preparation and distribution of all agendas, minutes  
and related Board and Committee papers. He attends the Board meetings in his capacity as Company Secretary and provides 
corporate governance advice if required. 

The appointment and removal of the Company Secretary is a matter for the Board as a whole. 

Internal Control and Risk Management 
The Board has responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and risk management, which is designed to manage 
rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, 
assurance against material misstatement or loss.  A formal and ongoing process of identifying, evaluating and managing the 
significant risks faced by the Group was in place throughout the period and in place up to the date the Governance Report  
was signed and approved for the Annual Report and Accounts 2019. 

The Executive Directors and the wider executive management group are responsible for designing, implementing, maintaining 
and evaluating the necessary systems of internal controls. Such controls are reviewed on an ongoing basis and formally 
reviewed on an annual basis in accordance with the requirements of the Code. This annual review confirmed that the Group’s 
risk management and internal control systems were appropriate and suitable for a Group of this size and complexity. 

Internal Audit completes a programme of work each year that provides assurance that the internal controls have been 
operated as designed and also proposes improvements where appropriate and necessary. Coupled with this, the formal six 
monthly review of the Risk Register provides a further mechanism for considering and reviewing internal controls. All such work 
is reported to and monitored by the Audit Committee which recommends approval to the full Board and is discussed in the 
Audit Committee Report on pages 72 to 74. 

The Audit Committee on behalf of the Board, as part of an ongoing process, formally reviews and continues to keep under 
review the effectiveness of the Group’s systems of internal control, including financial, operational and compliance controls and 
risk management systems. The Audit Committee also formally reviews risk management annually and receives reports from 
Executive Management and Internal Audit regarding weaknesses in internal control, any losses arising out of weaknesses in 
internal control and progress in implementing revised procedures to improve and enhance internal control. It also identifies the 
significant controls upon which reliance will be placed. Any significant control weaknesses would be reported to the full Board 
at their next meeting. There have been no reports of weaknesses that have resulted or would have resulted in a material 
misstatement or loss in the period, nor in the period up to the date this Annual Report was published. 

The key procedures, which operated throughout the period, are as follows: 

• Financial Reporting – The Group has a comprehensive system of internal budgeting and forecasting. The Group’s monthly 
actual results analysed by operating division are reported to the Board and significant variances to budget are investigated 
with revised forecasts prepared as necessary; 

• Financial Controls – The Executive Directors have defined appropriate and necessary financial controls and procedures to be 

employed by operational management. Key controls over major business risks include reviews against budgets and forecasts, 
review against key performance indicators and exception reporting; 

• Quality and Integrity of Personnel – One of the Group’s core values is integrity. This is regarded as vital to the maintenance of 
the Group’s system of internal financial control. The Directors have put in place an organisation structure appropriate to the 
size and complexity of the Group with defined lines of responsibility and delegation of authority where the Board considers it 
necessary and appropriate. There is also a Code of Conduct applicable to all employees of the Group as well as specific policies 
such as Anti Bribery and Corruption, Slavery and Human Trafficking and Money Laundering; 

• Internal Audit – The Group has a dedicated Internal Audit team, which reports to the Corporate Services Director and the Audit 
Committee. The latter reviews and approves the annual work plan of the Internal Audit function which tests the effectiveness 
of many controls. Any significant weaknesses are reported to management and the Audit Committee on a timely basis. It 
coordinates the completion of self-assessment reports by operational management that assists in highlighting areas of control 
weakness or exposure. Internal audit reviews are completed on such areas together with selected areas of the head office 
function and any area where an Executive Director requests a review. 

  During 2019 (as in previous years), there were quarterly meetings between the Head of Internal Audit and the Executive 
Directors to formally review and discuss Internal Audit’s work programme and findings. In addition, regular meetings between 
the Head of Internal Audit and the external auditors, Ernst & Young LLP (‘EY’), were held during the year to discuss and plan 
audit work and to ensure a complementary approach. The Head of Internal Audit formally reports to the Audit Committee at 
every meeting and also held private meetings with the Chairman of the Audit Committee during 2019; 

• Procedures – The Group has established and documented processes and procedures covering most parts of its operations, 
both client facing and in support departments. These provide clear guidance on the correct or most appropriate course of 
action in various circumstances. Procedures are supplemented by training where needs have been identified. Both Internal 
Audit and the comprehensive management structure monitor the adherence to such processes and procedures; and  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
70  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Directors’ statement on corporate governance continued

• Risk assessment – The Executive Directors and the wider executive management group have responsibility for the identification 
and evaluation of significant risks that might arise in their areas of responsibility, together with the design of suitable internal 
controls. This was in place throughout the accounting period and at the date of approval of the Annual Report. They also 
regularly assess the risks facing the Group. A Risk Register is maintained which is presented to and reviewed by the Audit 
Committee twice a year and then formally adopted by the Board of Dignity plc. Risks and any changes to those risks are 
discussed at every Board meeting. The principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group, which are documented in the Risk 
Register, are discussed on pages 46 to 51 of the Annual Report. These risks have also been formally considered when the 
Directors prepared their Viability Statement on page 51 of this Annual Report in accordance with provision C2.2 of the Code. 

These procedures are designed to, amongst other things, help to provide assurance regarding the process of preparing 
consolidated financial statements and the financial reporting system. 

An explanation of how the Group aims to create and preserve value and the strategy for delivering its objectives is included  
in the Operating Review on pages 34 to 40. 

Relationship with Shareholders 
The Group recognises the importance of clear communication with shareholders.  

Regular contact with institutional investors, fund managers and analysts is undertaken by the Chief Executive and the Finance 
Director to discuss information made public by the Group. The Board receives reports of these meetings and any significant 
issues raised are discussed by the Board. Where appropriate or if requested, such meetings could include either or both the 
Chairman and the Senior Independent Director. The Chairman, Senior Independent Director and the Non-Executive Directors 
are also available to meet separately with shareholders if necessary to discuss any issues that they may have. The Chairman is 
also available to discuss governance and strategy matters with the major shareholders. The Company Secretary deals with 
queries or enquiries from private shareholders. The Board is interested in the views and concerns of all shareholders whether 
private, institutional or corporate.  

The AGM provides an opportunity to meet the Board and the Executive Management Team. All shareholders are free to attend 
and put questions to any Director and the Chairman of each of the Board Committees at the AGM on 11 June 2020. At least 20 
days’ notice will be given ahead of that meeting. Questions asked in person at the AGM will receive a verbal response whenever 
possible, otherwise a written response will be provided as soon as practicable after the AGM. Questions raised at any other time 
will normally receive a written response. Shareholders attending the AGM will also have the opportunity to meet informally with 
all the Directors and the Executive Management Team after the meeting has concluded. 

On 14 June 2019, the Company announced that at the Annual General Meeting held on 13 June 2019 more than 20 per cent of 
the votes cast on Resolution 15 (“To authorise the Board to make political donations or incur political expenditure”) were against 
the resolution.  

As stated in the AGM Notice and in common with many companies, it is not the Company's policy to make donations to political 
parties, or to make other political donations within the normal meaning of that expression, and the Directors have no intention 
of changing that policy. The purpose of Resolution 15 was to avoid the inadvertent infringement of provisions within the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Following discussions with one of our major shareholders which has a general policy not to support this resolution, we believe 
this shareholder now has a better understanding of the purpose behind the resolution. 

The Directors consider that this Annual Report and Accounts, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and 
provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s performance, business model, risks and strategy. In 
order to assess whether the Annual Report and Accounts were fair, balanced and understandable, the Board received an early 
draft to enable time for review and comment. The Audit Committee then met to consider the criteria for a fair, balanced and 
understandable Annual Report and to review the process underpinning the compilation and assurance of the report, in relation 
to financial and non-financial management information. At that meeting they considered the Annual Report and Accounts as a 
whole and discussed the tone, balance and language of the document, being mindful of the UK reporting requirements and 
consistency between narrative sections and the financial statements. As part of this process the Board considered the Group’s 
reporting governance framework and the views of the external auditor as reported to the Audit Committee. Pages 1 to 51 
provide an assessment of the Group’s affairs. 

The Annual Report and Accounts is made available to all shareholders at least 20 working days before the AGM. Registered 
shareholders receive a Notice of Meeting and Form of Proxy, the latter document allowing a shareholder to vote in favour,  
or against or indicate an abstention on each separate resolution tabled at the AGM. Particulars of aggregate proxies lodged  
are also announced to the London Stock Exchange (‘LSE’) and placed on the Group’s investor website, 
www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate, as soon as practicable after the conclusion of the AGM. 

The Interim Report is no longer published as a paper document but is available on the Group’s investor website upon which 
users can also access the latest financial and corporate news. All information reported to the market via regulatory information 
services also appears as soon as practicable on that website.   

The Group is happy to arrange visits to its funeral locations and crematoria, if requested by a shareholder, at a time suitable  
to all parties. 

  
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  71

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Our approach to diversity 
The Board is committed to and takes responsibility for equality and diversity throughout the Dignity Group. 

It is the policy of the Company that there shall be no discrimination or less favourable treatment of employees or job applicants in 
respect of age, race, religion or belief, gender, sex, sexual orientation, pregnancy, disability or marital status. The Company is fully 
committed to ensuring there is no unfair and unlawful discrimination in relation to employees, job applicants, clients, suppliers and 
members of the public. It is Company policy to engage, promote and train employees on the basis of their capabilities, qualifications 
and experience, without discrimination, and all employees will receive equal opportunity to progress within the Company.  

In order to put this policy into practice in the day-to-day management and operations of the Company, we:  

• Monitor decisions on recruitment, selection, training and promotion to ensure they are based solely on objective and job 

related criteria;  

• Provide training for managers to ensure that they understand the nature of discrimination and are fully aware of their 

responsibilities in implementing our Equality and Diversity policy;  

• Provide awareness for employees to ensure that they have a greater understanding of equality and diversity in the workplace;  

• Provide information and advice on the implications of the relevant legislation and on assistance available to help in the 

employment of people with disabilities;  

• Ensure that all policies are applied thoroughly and fairly particularly those relating to any complaint involving discrimination  

or harassment;  

• Communicate this policy to employees, suppliers and third parties, where applicable, through induction, training and 

communications; and 

• Encourage our suppliers and third parties to adopt policies and working practices, which reflect our own views and values on 

equality and diversity and that of our clients.  

All employees are also responsible for the promotion and advancement of this policy and the Group supports its implementation 
and communication through its Equality and Diversity Programme of Action which covers a number of matters including 
induction, learning and development. 

For further details on Employee diversity, see pages 54 and 55 of the Corporate and Social Responsibility report. 

Substantial shareholdings  
The Group has been formally notified (In accordance with Chapter 5 of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules) of the following 
interests of three per cent or more in the issued share capital of the Company: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         As at 6 March 2020                                       As at 27 December 2019 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Number of                   Percentage                   Number of                   Percentage 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Ordinary                        of issued                       Ordinary                        of issued 
   Holder                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Shares                 share capital                           Shares                share capital 

  Phoenix Asset Management Limited                                                                      13,357,471                 26.71      13,357,471                26.71 
  John Stewart Jakes                                                                                                          3,669,612                   7.34        3,669,612                   7.34 
  Klarus Capital Limited                                                                                                    2,606,669                   5.21        2,606,669                   5.21 
  Artemis Investment Management LLP                                                                      2,505,451                   5.01        2,505,451                   5.01 
  Harris Associates L.P.                                                                                                     2,483,419                   4.97        2,483,419                   4.97 
  Prudential plc group of companies                                                                            2,469,210                   4.94        2,469,210                   4.94 
  Pictet Asset Management Limited                                                                              2,394,069                   4.79        2,394,069                   4.79 
  Standard Life Aberdeen plc                                                                                          2,335,990                   4.67        2,335,990                   4.67 
  Granular Capital Limited                                                                                               1,549,139                   3.10                        –                         – 

It should be noted that these holdings may have changed since the Company was notified. 

By order of the Board 

Tim George  
Company Secretary 

11 March 2020 

 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
72  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Audit Committee report 

The Audit Committee continues to monitor  
the integrity of financial statements, the  
effectiveness of risk management and internal  
controls and the implementation of new  
accounting standards. 

Dear Shareholder, 
On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present my fifth report 
as the Chairman of the Audit Committee. 

Membership and Process 
The following Directors served on the Audit Committee (the 
‘Committee’) during 2019: myself as Chairman, Jane Ashcroft  
and Mary McNamara. All of us are independent Non-Executive 
Directors and, other than Mary who stood down as a Non-
Executive Director on 27 December 2019, served through  
to the date of this report. 

I was interim Chairman of the Company from the retirement of 
Peter Hindley on 12 June 2019 until Clive Whiley was appointed 
Chairman on 26 September 2019. This interim position did not 
compromise my independence as defined in the April 2016  
UK Corporate Governance Code. 

The Board is satisfied that, as Chairman of the Committee,  
I have recent and relevant financial experience together with 
competence in accounting and auditing that can be appropriately 
and successfully applied at Dignity. In addition, the Committee is 
satisfied that it has a broad range of experience across a number 
of sectors that are relevant to Dignity. The Company Secretary 
acts as Secretary to the Committee. I report the Committee’s 
deliberations at the next Board meeting and the minutes of  
each meeting are made available to all members of the Board. 

Dean Moore was appointed to the Board and this Committee  
on 11 March 2020. 

Dean is a chartered accountant with extensive public company 
experience and is currently an independent non-executive 
director and Chairman of the Audit Committee at Cineworld plc 
and Audit Committee Chairman and Senior Independent 
Director of Volex plc. 

Dean will become Chairman of the Audit Committee in 
succession to me following the AGM on 11 June 2020. 

The Committee met three times during 2019; in March prior  
to the release of the Preliminary Announcement for 2018; prior 
to the release of the Interim Announcement for 2019 in August;  
and again in December 2019 immediately prior to the end of  
the financial period. The Committee also met in March 2020 
prior to the release of the Preliminary Announcement for 2019. 
The attendance records of the members are shown on page 68.  
All Committee members were present at all meetings. The 
external auditors, EY, the Chairman, the Chief Executive, the 
Finance Director, the Corporate Services Director, the Head  
of Internal Audit and the Financial Controller have all attended 
meetings by invitation.  

The Committee holds a private session with the Lead Partner 
from our external auditors, EY, without management present  
at least once a year. In addition, as Chairman of the Audit 
Committee, I had a discussion with the Lead Partner on four 
occasions plus additional interactions in the year which provide 
the opportunity for open communication and the free flow of 
any concerns relating both to the openness, transparency and 
general engagement of management with the audit process  
as well as to understand EY’s assessment of key judgements  
as they arise. 

David Blackwood, Chairman of the Audit Committee

Member                                  Since        Experience 

David Blackwood                2015       Previously CFO of Synthomer plc,   
                                                                Chartered Accountant and Fellow   
                                                                of the Association of Corporate       
                                                                Treasurers. 

Jane Ashcroft                        2012       Currently CEO of Anchor Hanover, 
                                                                Fellow of the Institute of Chartered 
                                                                Secretaries and Administrators       
                                                                and Member of the Chartered         
                                                                Institute of Personnel and                 
                                                                Development. 

Mary McNamara                 2017       Previously CEO of the Commercial 
(retired 27 December                         Division of Close Brothers Bank, 
2019)                                                      and held a number of leadership    
                                                                roles within GE. 

Dean Moore                         2020       Currently Chairman of the Audit     
                                                                Committees at Cineworld plc and   
                                                                Volex plc.

Key Responsibilities 
The Committee works with the Board to fulfil its oversight 
responsibilities. Its primary functions are to: 

• Monitor the integrity of the financial statements and other 

information provided to shareholders to ensure they represent 
a clear and accurate assessment of the Group’s position, 
performance, strategy and prospects; 

• Consider the financial statements and recommend to the 

Board as to whether the Annual Report and Accounts, taken  
as a whole, are fair, balanced, understandable and provide 
information necessary for shareholders to assess the 
performance, business model and strategy of the Group, 
recognising the changes to the strategy of the business; 

• Review significant financial reporting issues and judgements 

contained in the financial statements; 

• Review the systems of accounting, internal control and risk 

management; 

• Monitor and review the significant risks identified by the Group 

as well as the management and mitigation of those risks;  

• Oversee and maintain an appropriate relationship with the 

Group’s external auditors and review the effectiveness, 
independence and objectivity of the external audit process; 

• Monitor and review the effectiveness of the Internal Audit 

function; approve the internal audit plan and review all internal 
audit reports; review and monitor management’s responses  
to the findings and recommendations of the Internal Audit 
function; maintain an effective relationship with the Head  
of Internal Audit; and 

• Monitor and review the arrangements by which employees can, 
in confidence, raise concerns about any possible improprieties 
in financial and other matters (such as compliance with the 
Bribery Act). 

The terms of reference of the Committee are available on  
the Group’s corporate website at 
www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  73

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Activities in the period 
The key activities of the Committee during the period were: 

• A comprehensive review of the 2018 and 2019 Annual Report 
and Accounts and the 2019 Interim Report. This review was to 
ensure that the Committee was completely satisfied that the 
information was fair, balanced and understandable. As part of 
this review the Committee received reports from the external 
auditors on their audit of that Annual Report and Accounts and 
their review of the interim results. The Committee also reviewed 
the Preliminary and Interim Announcements to be made to the 
London Stock Exchange; 

• At all meetings, the review of Internal Audit progress against the 
Internal Audit plan for the period, the results of principal audits 
and other significant findings, adequacy of management’s 
responses and the timeliness of the resolution of actions 
arising; 

• Review and agreement of the 2020 Internal Audit Plan and 

budget; 

• A six monthly review of the Group’s Principal Risks and 

recommendation of formal adoption by the Board. This is part 
of a formal ongoing process of identifying, evaluating and 
managing the significant risks faced by the Group. A review  
of the Risk Register was also completed in March 2020. The 
principal risks facing the Group are considered on pages 46  
to 51 of this Annual Report; 

• Completion of a comprehensive review of Dignity’s risk control 

framework and its linkage to the Risk Register and Viability 
Statement included in the Strategic Report on page 51;  

• The formal review of the going concern assumptions adopted  
in the preparation of the 2018 and 2019 financial statements; 

• In advance of the financial period end, the review with the 

external auditors, EY, of the annual external audit plan, which 
addressed the planned audit approach to key audit matters;   

• Consideration of the external auditor’s views on key judgement 
areas and audit findings relating to key accounting matters at 
the conclusion of the audit;  

• A review of IFRS 10 ‘Consolidated Financial Statements’ and  

pre-need trust accounting in response to the Financial 
Reporting Council’s question as to whether the Trusts should  
be consolidated in the Group’s accounts; 

• An assessment of the effectiveness of the external auditors; and 

• We reviewed the Financial and Reporting Council letter for  

Audit Committee Chairs and Finance Directors to consider the 
applicability of the matters raised for the Group’s financial 
statements. 

Areas that have been discussed and considered by the Committee 
in relation to the 2019 Annual Report and Accounts are: 

• Impairment – we considered the results of the impairment  
tests performed, ensuring that the assessment made and 
conclusions reached were consistent with the analysis and 
reflected the changes in the funeral and crematoria industries 
which include increased consumer price awareness and 
competition, digitalisation and the uncertainty surrounding the 
conclusions that will be drawn by the CMA industry review; 

• Pre-arranged funeral plans trusts – the Committee agreed it 

was appropriate for the Group to revise its overall conclusions 
on control of the two main trusts as discussed in note 1 to the 
accounts. Accordingly the Committee concluded that the 
change in accounting policy to consolidate these trusts was 
appropriate and concluded the accounting in accordance with 
IFRS 10 was fairly stated and that appropriate disclosures had 
been made; 

• Revenue – the Committee considered and approved the 

accounting policy changes necessary to comply with the new 
standard, IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’; 

• Pensions – the Committee examined the assumptions used in 
the actuarial valuation for the defined benefit pension scheme 
considering the consistency of approach with the prior year and 
compliance with the requirements of IAS 19 and concluded  
they were appropriate; 

• Risk – the Committee performed a comprehensive review of the 
principal risks and uncertainties disclosed in the 2019 Annual 
Report based on the changing and competitive environment  
in which the Group operates; 

• Viability – the Committee performed an assessment and 
ratification of the Viability Statement, including giving due 
consideration to severe but plausible downside risks; and 

• Leases – the Committee considered the disclosure provided  

in respect of the impact of IFRS 16 ‘Lease Accounting’ will have  
in future accounting policies and concluded it was appropriate. 
See note 1 to the financial statements for further details. 

External audit 
The Audit Committee is responsible for the development, 
implementation and monitoring of the Group’s policy on external 
audit. This policy assigns responsibility for monitoring objectivity, 
independence and compliance with ethical and regulatory 
requirements to the Audit Committee with day-to-day 
responsibility assigned to the Finance Director, Steve Whittern. 
The Committee also retains responsibility for the appointment 
and removal of the current external auditors, who are currently EY. 

The Audit Committee, on an annual basis, formally considers the 
performance and independence of the external auditors. The 
formal annual review was completed in the first quarter of 2020. 
This review took the form of a detailed questionnaire that was 
sent to all Committee members and attendees at the Committee 
meetings. The respondents were asked to grade all aspects  
of the service provided. The Committee was, based on that 
review which indicated a strong level of confidence in the 
external auditors, fully satisfied with EY’s performance in 2019 
and a resolution to re-appoint them as external auditors will  
be tabled at the AGM on 11 June 2020. 

The Committee confirms that during the year the Group has 
complied with the provisions of the Statutory Audit Services  
for Large Companies Market Investigation (Mandatory Use  
of Competitive Tender Processes and Audit Committee 
Responsibilities) Order 2014, as published by the UK  
Competition and Markets Authority. 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
74  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Audit Committee report continued

Policy on non-audit fees 
The Group has a rigorous and comprehensive policy on the use 
of the external auditors for non-audit work. The policy states that 
non-audit fees are limited to no more than 50 per cent of the 
annual audit fee unless there are exceptional circumstances, 
which are defined as: 

• The work necessitates the use of the auditor for regulatory 

reasons; and 

• Their use represents a material time/cost benefit to the Group 

in conducting a transaction. 

The policy also precludes the use of the external auditors  
for certain types of work. All such work is fully analysed in the 
Annual Report between tax compliance and advisory, non-
statutory acquisition related services and statutory services. 
Audit Committee approval is required prior to the work being 
commenced and further disclosure of the works and the reasons 
for it being performed by the external auditors will be disclosed 
in the following Annual Report. The Audit Committee does not 
envisage that non-audit fees payable to the external auditors will 
exceed 50 per cent other than in exceptional circumstances. 

In the period, EY undertook no non-audit work on behalf of the 
Group except for their review of the Interim Report for 2019, 
completion of turnover certificates, a financial covenants 
compliance certificate and certifications required as part of the 
Group’s membership renewal of the Funeral Planning Authority. 
Total fees of £65,000 were charged for the non-audit services 
compared to £640,000 for audit services. 

The Committee is confident that the objectivity and 
independence of the external auditors is not compromised  
by reason of non-audit work, not least because such work will 
generally be undertaken by other professional firms. A formal 
statement of independence from EY has been received in  
respect of 2019. 

Audit partner rotation 
Consistent with the requirements of the Financial Reporting 
Council’s Ethical Standard, EY audit partners serve for a maximum 
of five years on listed clients. Adrian Roberts is Dignity’s audit 
partner having been appointed to the role in 2019.  

The Audit Committee considers that the relationship with the 
auditors is working well and is satisfied with their effectiveness 
and there are no current plans to put the external audit out to 
tender although the Committee remains mindful of the UK 
Competition and Markets Authority’s requirement regarding 
tendering. 

The Audit Committee has also kept under review the 
independence of EY and has been satisfied at all times that  
any threats arising to their independence have been subject  
to appropriate safeguards.  

Internal Audit 
The Group has a dedicated Internal Audit team, which reports  
to the Corporate Services Director and the Audit Committee.  
The Head of Internal Audit coordinates a risk-assessed 
programme of work across all departments and operations  
of the Company with the aim of ensuring full coverage over  
a three-year cycle. Where appropriate, Internal Audit utilise 
support from professional services firms to provide subject 
matter expertise on specialist areas. 

During 2019 (as in previous years), there were quarterly meetings 
between the Head of Internal Audit and the Executive Directors 
formally to review and discuss Internal Audit’s work programme 
and findings. In addition, regular meetings between Internal 
Audit and the external auditors, EY, were held during the year to 
discuss and plan audit work and to ensure a complementary 
approach. The Head of Internal Audit provides reports to the 
Audit Committee at every full meeting and met on a one to one 
basis with me, as the Chairman of the Audit Committee, on three 
occasions in the period. In addition, a private meeting is held 
annually between the Audit Committee members and the Head 
of Internal Audit, without any Executive Directors present. This 
process allows the Committee to have appropriate discussion 
and debate with the Head of Internal Audit as well as to monitor 
the effectiveness of the Internal Audit function, including 
comprehensive review of all reports and their conclusions. 

Whistleblowing  
A formal policy and procedure exists by which employees of  
the Group may, in confidence, raise concerns about possible 
improprieties in financial reporting or other matters. This 
ensures arrangements are in place for the proportionate and 
independent investigation of such matters and appropriate 
follow-up action. A whistleblowing report is formally reviewed  
on an annual basis by the Committee or more frequently  
should the need arise. 

Annual Evaluation 
During the period, the Board completed performance 
evaluations of itself and its Committees. The results of this  
are discussed on page 68. Specific matters reviewed by the 
Committee were: 

• Time management and composition; 

• Committee processes and support; 

• The relationship with the Finance Director, External Audit 

Partner and the Head of Internal Audit; 

• The effectiveness of the Committee in reviewing the Group’s 

financial reporting, the system of internal controls and 
monitoring the management of risk; and 

• Priorities for change. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

This Audit Committee report was reviewed and approved by the 
Board on 11 March 2020. 

David Blackwood 
Chairman of the Audit Committee 

11 March 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nomination Committee report 

The Committee has overseen the appointment  
of both a new Chairman and Non-Executive  
Director. The Committee ensures we have the  
right blend of skills and experience on the  
Board to deliver our strategy. 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  75

Clive Whiley, Chairman of the Nomination Committee 

Dear Shareholder, 
On behalf of the Board, it is my pleasure to present the 2019 
Nomination Committee report, my first as both Chairman of the 
Company and the Nomination Committee. 

During 2019, the membership of the Nomination Committee 
(the ‘Committee’) comprised Jane Ashcroft, David Blackwood, 
Mary McNamara and Peter Hindley as Chairman until he stood 
down from the Board on 13 June 2019. James Wilson became  
a member of the Committee on his appointment to the Board  
on 1 May 2019. 

I was appointed to the Board as Chairman on 26 September 
2019 and also became Chairman on the Nomination Committee 
at this time. 

Mary McNamara retired from the Board on 27 December 2019 
due to a substantial increase in commitments with her other 
directorships. 

The principal duties of the Committee in 2019 were overseeing 
the appointment of a successor to Peter Hindley, the former 
Chairman, and the appointment of James Wilson who is a 
partner at Phoenix Asset Management Limited which currently 
manages 26.7 per cent of the Company’s shares. The Committee 
also continued the monitoring and oversight of succession 
planning processes. The Committee received at both meetings  
in 2019 updates on ongoing succession planning and talent 
mapping at various levels within the Group, identifying 
individuals and any development requirements necessary  
to ensure effective succession. 

The Committee is committed to embedding inclusion and 
diversity at Board and executive level and throughout the Group.  
The Company provides a balanced, supportive and flexible 
culture and environment with working practices to accommodate 
peoples’ needs. In so doing, it aims to continue to attract and 
retain the best candidates and ensure the development of all 
Group employees. 

David Blackwood is currently Acting Chairman of the 
Remuneration Committee. 

Succession planning, development and leadership requirements 
will continue to be reviewed in 2020.  

Dean Moore was appointed to the Board and this Committee  
on 11 March 2020. 

All members, apart from James Wilson, are independent  
Non-Executive Directors. The Chief Executive attends Committee 
meetings by invitation. The Company Secretary is Secretary to 
the Committee.  

Currently the Committee is looking to appoint an independent 
Non-Executive Director who will chair the Remuneration 
Committee. 

The authorities delegated to the Committee by the Board 
comprise, among other matters: 

The members of the Committee’s attendance record is set out  
on page 68. The Committee’s proceedings are reported at the 
next Board meeting and the Committee’s minutes are made 
available to all members of the Board. 

All the Non-Executive Directors are appointed for two year terms 
which may then be renewed up to maximum of nine years 
service in accordance with the independence guidelines in the 
2016 UK Corporate Governance Code.  

Tenure

Length of tenure at 27 December 2019 (years)   

Name                                                      1               2               3               4               5               6               7              8 

David Blackwood                                                           

• The review of the structure, size, and composition of the Board; 

Jane Ashcroft                                                                   

• The evaluation of the balance of skills, knowledge, 

independence, diversity and experience of the Board including 
the impact of new appointments; 

• Overseeing and recommending the recruitment of new 

directors; 

• Ensuring appointments are made against objective criteria; and 

• Succession planning to ensure processes and plans are in place 
with regard to both Board and senior appointments; Keeping 
under review the leadership needs of the Group; and ensuring 
that the Non-Executive Directors can meet the time 
requirements of the role. 

Mary McNamara 
(retired 27 
December 2019)                                                            

James Wilson                                                                  

Clive Whiley                                                                   

At 27 December 2019, James Wilson had been on the Board for 
eight months and Clive Whiley three months. 

The terms of reference of the Committee are available on the 
Group’s corporate website at 
www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate.  

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76  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Nomination Committee report continued

The Committee and the Board continue to support the objectives 
of Lord Davies’ Report ‘Women on Boards’. Following Mary 
McNamara’s retirement from the Board, Jane Ashcroft is 
currently the only woman on a Board of eight Directors (12.5 per 
cent). While the Committee will continue to pursue a policy of 
ensuring that the best people are appointed for the relevant 
roles, the benefits of greater diversity are recognised and will 
continue to be taken into account when considering a particular 
appointment.  

I am also pleased to confirm that the Group will continue to 
publish the details on corporate diversity as per Lord Davies’ 
Report and report on our compliance and appointment process 
in this Annual Report. 

During the period, the Board completed performance 
evaluations of itself and its Committees. The results of this  
are discussed on page 68. Specific matters reviewed by the 
Committee were: 

• Time management and composition; 

• Committee processes and support; 

• Performance in reviewing the composition of the Board; 

• The process by which Board appointments are made; and 

• Priorities for change. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

Finally, all Directors offer themselves for election or re-election at 
the AGM on 11 June 2020 and I will be available at the AGM to 
answer questions on the work of the Committee. 

This Nomination Committee report was reviewed and approved 
by the Board on 11 March 2020. 

Clive Whiley 
Chairman of the Nomination Committee 

11 March 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  77

Report on Directors’ remuneration 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

The Remuneration Committee has continued to monitor  
and review developments in corporate governance and  
focused robustly on the implementation of the 2019-2021  
remuneration policy to ensure that it is aligned to the  
business strategy, purpose and values and that management  
is incentivised to deliver to stakeholders. 

David Blackwood, Acting Chairman of the Remuneration Committee

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Dear Shareholder, 
On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present this Directors’ 
Remuneration Report for the period ended 27 December 2019. 
I am writing this report in my capacity as Acting Chairman  
of the Remuneration Committee following Mary McNamara 
retiring from the Board on 27 December. I am grateful to  
Mary for her effective leadership of the Committee through  
a challenging period for the business and her smooth 
handover to me. 

The Committee considers that there has been an appropriate 
link between reward and performance and that there has been 
no need to use discretion to change the formula driven 
outcome from the 2019 incentive plans. 

How we will apply the new policy in 2020 
No base salary increases have been awarded to the Executive 
Directors for the third year running. The average increase to 
the wider workforce was broadly two per cent. 

The recruitment of a new independent Non-Executive  
Director to chair the Remuneration Committee is currently 
being undertaken. 

Last year, following a detailed review of our remuneration 
policy and investor consultation, we received AGM approval 
with 92.6 per cent of shareholders voting in favour of the 
policy. We are grateful to our major investors for their 
feedback during the consultation process for the new policy 
and for all shareholders giving their support. We have reviewed 
the policy and the Committee is comfortable that this still 
supports the long-term business strategy and so we are 
proposing no changes to the policy for FY2020. 

Performance in 2019 and annual bonus and 2017-19  
LTIP outcome 
The 2019 annual bonus was measured 70 per cent against 
stretching underlying operating profit targets, our key  
short-term financial performance indicator. Underlying 
operating profit in 2019 was £63.3 million, which was below 
the minimum threshold for any bonus payment and so no 
bonus was payable under this element. The remaining 30 per 
cent of the bonus was based on the achievement of three key 
strategic initiatives, being the delivery of the annual objectives 
under the Transformation Plan, Customer Service and Funeral 
Market Share. For the 10 per cent element based on the 
Transformation Plan, 57 of the 59 deliverables were completed 
and a further 13 additional deliverables were achieved 
resulting in a bonus of 8 per cent. For the 10 per cent element 
based on Funeral Market Share, the threshold target 11.94 per 
cent was not met so no bonus was payable in respect of this 
objective. For the 10 per cent element based on Customer 
Recommendation, at 90.88 per cent the maximum target was 
exceeded by 0.81 per cent resulting in a bonus of 10 per cent.  
The Committee is comfortable that the progress against these 
strategic KPIs will generate sustainable shareholder value  
and on this basis is comfortable that 18 per cent out of the 
maximum 30 per cent available for this part of the bonus 
should be payable. The total bonus payable therefore was  
18 per cent of maximum.   

The LTIP award granted in 2017 was subject to performance 
against two equally weighted measures, relative total 
shareholder return (‘TSR’) compared to the FTSE 350 and 
earnings per share growth (‘EPS’). Following the three year 
performance period ending 27 December 2019 Dignity's TSR 
performance and our underlying EPS of 60.6 pence were both 
below the minimum performance threshold.  As a result, the 
LTIP award lapsed with no shares vesting. 

The maximum annual bonus will remain at 135 per cent of 
base salary for the Chief Executive and 125 per cent for the 
other Executive Directors. 70 per cent of the bonus will be 
based on stretching underlying operating profit targets and  
30 per cent on three well-defined strategic objectives which 
underpin our strategy as set out on page 86. 

In relation to the FY20 LTIP award the Committee has 
considered carefully the grant level and the performance 
metrics that should apply and recognises that it remains  
very difficult to set accurate long-term financial performance 
conditions until the findings of the CMA report are published.  
Accordingly, the Committee has decided that the FY20 LTIP 
awards should be delayed until after the CMA interim report  
is published, which we anticipate will be around April or  
May 2020. There will be full disclosure of the grant level  
and the performance conditions contained in the RNS 
announcement for the award and again in next year’s 
Directors’ Remuneration Report. 

New Company Chairman 
On 26 September 2019, Clive Whiley was appointed as 
Company Chairman on an annual fee of £175,000.   

James Wilson who was appointed to the Board on 1 May 2019 
has elected not to receive a Non-Executive Director’s fee. 

Dean Moore was appointed a Non-Executive Director on  
11 March 2020 and will serve on this Committee. Dean will 
receive a fee of £46,850 per annum which will increase by 
£9,350 per annum when he becomes Chairman of the  
Audit Committee.  

Concluding remarks 
On behalf of the Remuneration Committee, I would like  
to thank shareholders for their ongoing support and I look 
forward to this continuing at the forthcoming Annual  
General Meeting. 

David Blackwood 
Acting Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 

11 March 2020

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
78  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

REMUNERATION POLICY REPORT 

This section of the Directors' Remuneration Report has been prepared in accordance with The Large and Medium-sized 
Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) (Amendment) Regulations 2013 and sets out the remuneration policy which 
shareholders approved at the AGM on 13 June 2019. The policy took formal effect from the date of approval and is intended  
to apply until the 2022 AGM.  

Overview of Remuneration Policy 
The objective of the remuneration policy is to provide remuneration packages to each Executive Director that will: 

• Align rewards with the interests of shareholders; 

• Motivate and encourage superior performance; 

• Allow the Group to retain the talent needed to execute its business strategy;  

• Enable the Group to be competitive when recruiting appropriately skilled and experienced management; and 

• Ensure that the overall package for each Director is linked to strategic objectives of the Group. 

The table on pages 79 and 80 summarises the main components of Dignity's remuneration policy. Details of how the Committee 
will implement the policy are provided in the Annual Report on Remuneration on page 83. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  79

Element                            Purpose and link                       Operation                                                                                                                               Maximum opportunity                              Framework used to 
                                              to strategy                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         assess performance

Base salary

Essential to recruit and 
retain executives of  
a high calibre. 
Reflects an individual's 
experience, role and 
performance. 
To provide a fair  
fixed level of pay 
commensurate for the 
role, ensuring no over 
reliance on variable pay.

Salaries are paid monthly. They are normally reviewed annually 
and fixed for 12 months commencing 1 January.    
In deciding appropriate levels, the Committee takes into account: 
• the role, experience, responsibility and performance  

(individual and Group); 

• increases applied to the broader workforce; and 
• relevant market information for similar roles in broadly  

similar companies of a similar size.  

Benefits

To provide competitive 
benefits to help recruit 
and retain executives 
and to ensure the well-
being of the executives.  

Pension

To provide retirement 
benefits in line with the 
overall Company policy.

Benefits include but are not limited to provision of a company car 
(or cash allowance in lieu), fuel, landline telephone and broadband 
at each Executive Director’s home residence, mobile phone, family 
private medical cover and a pre-arranged funeral plan for the 
individual or spouse. 
Relocation or other related expenses may be offered, as required. 
Executive Directors are also eligible to participate in the all-
employee HMRC approved share schemes on the same basis as 
other employees. 
Any business expenses incurred in carrying out an executive’s 
duties which are deemed to be taxable will be reimbursed by  
the Company together with any personal tax due. 

The Company operates a defined benefit plan, the Dignity  
Pension and Assurance Scheme, under which selected executives 
may accrue benefit. The defined benefit plan is closed to new 
members. 
The Company may contribute to selected individuals' personal 
pension schemes or is able to make salary supplements in lieu  
of pension contributions.  

Annual 
bonus

To motivate executives 
and incentivise the 
achievement of annual 
financial and/or 
strategic business 
targets. To ensure 
further alignment with 
shareholders through 
the retention of 
deferred equity.

20 per cent of any annual bonus earned will be deferred in shares, 
with the remainder being payable in cash.  
Deferred shares vest after two years subject to continued 
employment but no further performance targets. The vesting 
period continues post cessation of employment. 
A dividend equivalent provision allows the Committee to pay an 
additional amount equal to the value of the dividends that would 
have been payable on the vested deferred shares over the vesting 
period (normally in shares but may be in cash in exceptional 
circumstances). This may assume the reinvestment of dividends 
on a cumulative basis.   
Bonus payments, including deferred bonus awards, are subject  
to recovery and withholding provisions as set out in note 1. 

There is no prescribed maximum. 
Generally, the Committee is 
guided by average increases 
across the workforce. However, 
higher increases may be awarded 
on occasion, for example, where 
an individual is promoted or  
has been recruited on a below 
market rate, where there have 
been changes to individual 
responsibilities or in the size  
or complexity of the business  
or where salaries have fallen 
significantly below mid-market 
levels.

There is no prescribed maximum 
as costs may vary in accordance 
with market conditions. 
Relocation expenses must be 
reasonable and necessary. 
HMRC tax-approved limits will 
apply to all employee share 
schemes. 

The accrual rate under the 
defined benefit scheme was one 
eightieth of final salary for every 
completed year of service. 
The Company contribution to 
defined contribution plans or 
salary supplement in lieu of 
pension may be made up to the 
value of 15 per cent of salary.  
The Committee will provide  
a pension provision for new 
Executive Directors’ in line with 
that of the workforce.

135 per cent of salary for the 
Chief Executive and 125 per cent 
of salary for the other Directors.

The Committee reviews  
the salaries of Executive 
Directors each year taking 
due account of all the factors 
described in how the salary 
policy operates.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Performance metrics are 
selected annually based on  
the Group's strategic objectives. 
The bonus may be based  
on the achievement of an 
appropriate mix of challenging 
financial, strategic or personal 
targets with financial measures 
accounting for the majority of 
the bonus. Measures and 
weightings may change each 
year to reflect any year-on-year 
changes to business priorities. 
• For financial metrics, a  

range of targets may be set 
by the Committee, taking into 
account the business outlook 
for the year. For financial 
metrics up to 20 per cent  
of the maximum potential 
bonus is payable for threshold 
performance and up to  
60 per cent of maximum 
potential bonus is payable  
for target performance. 

• In relation to strategic targets 
the structure of the target will 
vary based on the nature of 
the target set and it will not 
always be practicable to set 
targets using a graduated 
scale. Vesting may therefore 
take place in full if specific 
criteria are met in full. 

The Committee may adjust  
the bonus that is payable  
if it considers the formulaic 
outcome is not representative 
of the underlying performance 
of the Company, investor 
experience or employee 
reward outcome. 
See note 2. 

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80  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Element                            Purpose and link                        Operation                                                                                                        Maximum opportunity            Framework used to  
                                              to strategy                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 assess performance

150 per cent of salary. 

Awards under the LTIP vest subject to the 
satisfaction of challenging performance targets 
set at the time of award.  
25 per cent of the award vests for threshold 
performance. 
Performance periods will normally start from the 
beginning of the financial year in which the award 
is made. 
The Committee may scale back the LTIP vesting 
amount if it considers the formulaic outcome is 
not representative of the underlying performance 
of the Company, investor experience or employee 
reward outcome. 
See note 2 for additional detail.  

Neither the Non-Executive Chairman nor the 
Non-Executive Directors are eligible for any 
performance related remuneration.

There is no prescribed 
maximum, however, 
any increase to fees 
will be considered in 
light of the expected 
time commitment  
in performing the  
role, scope and 
responsibility, 
increases received by 
the wider workforce 
and market rates in 
comparable 
companies.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Long–Term 
Incentive 
Plan

Incentivises selected 
employees and 
Executive Directors to 
achieve successful 
execution of business 
strategy over the  
longer-term. 
Provides long-term 
retention. 
Aligns the interests  
of the Executives and 
shareholders through 
the requirement to 
build up a substantial 
shareholding. 

Non–Executive 
Chairman and 
Directors’ fees

To attract and retain a 
high-quality Chairman 
and experienced Non-
Executive Directors.

Share 
ownership 
requirement

To align the interests  
of management and 
shareholders and 
promote a long-term 
approach to 
performance.

Awards are normally granted annually in the form  
of nil cost options or conditional share awards.  
Participation and individual award levels will be 
reviewed annually (subject to the individual limit) taking 
into account matters such as market practice, overall 
remuneration, the performance of the Group and the 
Executive being granted the award.  
Awards normally vest after three years subject to the 
achievement of stretching performance conditions  
and continued employment.   
Following vesting, the net of tax vested shares must be 
retained for two years. The post vesting holding period 
continues post cessation of employment. 
Awards are subject to recovery and withholding 
provisions as set out in note 1. 
A dividend equivalent provision allows the Committee 
to pay an additional amount equal to the value of the 
dividends that would have been payable on the vested 
shares over the vesting period (normally in shares  
but may be in cash in exceptional circumstances)  
and may assume the reinvestment of dividends on  
a cumulative basis.

The Board determines the fees of the Non-Executive 
Directors. They are based upon recommendations from 
the Chairman and Chief Executive (or, in the case of 
the Chairman, based on recommendations from the 
Remuneration Committee and the Chief Executive).  
Both the Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors 
are paid annual fees and do not participate in any 
incentive plans or receive pension or other benefits. 
James Wilson has elected not to receive a fee. 
The Chairman receives a single fee covering all his 
duties. The Non-Executive Directors receive a basic  
fee and additional fees payable for chairing the Audit 
and Remuneration Committees and for performing 
the Senior Independent Director role. Supplemental 
fees may be paid for additional responsibilities and 
activities and additional fees for chairing new board 
committees or for other additional roles requiring 
additional time commitment. 
The Chairman and Non-Executive Directors shall be 
entitled to have reimbursed all expenses that they 
reasonably incur in the performance of their duties, 
including those expenses that have been deemed  
to be taxable benefits by HMRC. This includes any 
personal tax that may become due. 
The level of fees of the Non-Executive Directors  
reflects the time commitment and responsibility  
of their respective roles. Their fees are reviewed  
from time to time against broadly similar UK listed 
companies and companies of a similar size.  
In exceptional circumstances, additional fees may  
be payable to reflect a substantial increase in time 
commitment of the Non-Executive Chairman  
and Directors.

Executive Directors are required to build and maintain 
a holding of shares to the value of at least 200 per cent 
of base salary. We will value shareholdings using the 
value of beneficially owned shares plus the net of  
tax value of deferred bonus shares and vested but 
unexercised LTIP awards. The calculation of the 
shareholding level will be based on the average  
price for the last month of the financial year and  
the salary at the end of the financial year.  
Until the guideline is met, the executive is required  
to retain 50 per cent of shares acquired under the 
Company’s share plans (after allowing for tax and 
national insurance liabilities). 
In addition, a shareholding requirement of 50 per cent 
of the 200 per cent of salary in-service requirement  
(i.e. 100 per cent of salary) is required to be held for 
one-year post cessation of employment applying  
to share awards granted from 2019.  

Notes  
1. Recovery and withholding provisions apply to variable pay, to enable the Company to recover amounts paid under the annual bonus, deferred annual bonus share plan and LTIP in the event of a 

restatement of the accounts, an error in calculation leading to an over-payment, corporate failure or failure in risk management or if the participant has been guilty of gross misconduct or has brought the 
Company or any member of the Group into disrepute. Payments may be recovered for up to two years after payment/vesting or two external audit cycles. The amount to be recovered would generally be 
the excess payment over the amount which would otherwise be paid, and recovery may be satisfied in a variety of ways, including through the reduction of outstanding deferred annual bonus awards, 
reduction of the next bonus or LTIP vesting and seeking a cash repayment.  

2. The Committee assesses annually at the beginning of the relevant performance period which performance measures, or combination and weighting of performance measures, are most appropriate  

for both annual bonus and any LTIP awarded to reflect the Company’s strategic initiatives for the performance period. The Committee has the discretion to change the performance measures for awards 
granted in future years based upon the strategic plans of the Company. In determining the target range for any financial measures that may apply, the Committee ensures they are challenging by taking  
into account current and anticipated trading conditions, budget, the long-term business plan and external expectations.  

3. The Committee considers the general basic salary increase for the broader employee population when determining the annual salary review for the Executive Directors. The performance measures and 
targets for annual bonus and LTIP awards for Executive and Senior Managers are aligned to those of the Executive Directors to ensure that everyone is focusing and working together on the same critical 
measures of performance. All permanent employees are invited to participate in the SAYE scheme which provides a mechanism for everyone to share in the overall success of the Group through sustained 
longer-term share price growth. Overall, the remuneration policy for the Executive Directors and more senior management is more heavily weighted towards variable pay than for other employees. This 
ensures that there is a clear link between the performance and value created for shareholders and the remuneration received by those individuals who are considered to have the greatest potential to 
influence Group performance and value creation. 

 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  81

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Bonus Plan and LTIP discretions 
The Committee will operate the annual bonus plan and LTIP according to their respective rules and in accordance with the Listing 
Rules and HMRC rules where relevant. A copy of the LTIP rules is available on request from the Company Secretary. The Committee, 
consistent with market practice, retains discretion over a number of areas relating to the operation and administration of these plans.  
These include (but are not limited to) the following (albeit with the level of award restricted as set out in the policy table on page 80): 

• Who participates in the plans; 

• The timing of grant of award and/or payment; 

• The size of an award and/or a payment; 

• Discretion relating to the measurement of performance in the event of a change of control or reconstruction; 

• Determination of a good leaver (in addition to any specified categories) for incentive plan purposes based on the rules of each plan 

and the appropriate treatment chosen; 

• Adjustments required in certain circumstances (e.g. rights issues, corporate restructuring, on a change of control and special 

dividends); and  

• The ability to adjust existing performance conditions for exceptional events so that they can still fulfil their original purpose whilst 

being no less stretching. 

Legacy arrangements 
Any commitments entered into with current or former Directors that have been disclosed previously to shareholders will be honoured. 

Remuneration scenarios for Executive Directors 
The Company's policy results in a significant proportion of remuneration received by Executive Directors being dependent on 
Company performance. The graph below illustrates how the total pay opportunities for the Executive Directors for 2020 vary under 
three performance scenarios: minimum, target and maximum. For the purpose of these scenarios this assumes that the LTIP award 
level remains at the same level as FY19. However, as noted elsewhere in this report the grant level and performance conditions for 
FY20 have not yet been determined. 

Fixed Pay
Annual Bonus
LTIP
LTIP with 50% Share Price Growth

Remuneration (£000s) 

£2,500

£2,000

£1,500

£1,000

£500

£-

£2,066

28%

38%

£1,810

£1,209

21%

29%

£608

£1,253

29%

36%

£1,095

£739
21%

27%

£384

£985

29%

36%

£861

£582
21%
27%

£303

100%

50%

34%

100%

52%

35%

100%

52%

35%

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T

m
u
m
x
a
M

i

Chief Executive Officer

Finance Director

Corporate Services Director

Notes  
• Below target comprises fixed pay, which comprises 2020 basic salary, the value of benefits in 2019 and a 15 per cent of salary, company pension contribution. 
• Target comprises fixed pay and assumes a bonus of 50 per cent of maximum is paid and 50 per cent of the LTIP award vests. 
• Maximum comprises fixed pay and assumes full bonus payment of 135 per cent of salary for the Chief Executive and 125 per cent for other Executive Directors and full LTIP vesting of 100 

per cent of salary for all Executive Directors. A 50 per cent increase in the value of the LTIP is also to show the impact of the share price growth.  The 50 per cent increase is calculated using the 
maximum expected LTIP value. 

Recruitment and Promotion policy 
The remuneration package for a new Director will be established in accordance with the Company's approved policy subject to such 
modifications as are set out below. 

Salary levels for Executive Directors will be set in accordance with the Company's remuneration policy, taking into account the 
experience and calibre of the individual and their existing remuneration package. Where it is appropriate to offer a lower salary 
initially, a series of increases to the desired salary positioning may be made over subsequent years subject to individual performance 
and development in the role.  Benefits will generally be provided in line with the approved policy, with relocation or other expenses 
provided for if necessary. For any new appointments, the pension contribution will be in line with that applying to the majority of  
the workforce.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
82  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

The structure of variable pay elements will be in accordance with the Company's approved policy detailed above. The maximum 
variable pay opportunity will be as set out in the remuneration policy table. Different performance measures may be set initially for 
the annual bonus in the year of joining, taking into account the responsibilities of the individual, and the point in the financial year 
that he or she joined the Board.  

In the case of external recruitment, if it is necessary to buy out incentive pay or benefit arrangements (which would be forfeited on 
leaving the previous employer), this may be provided, with the new awards taking into account the form (cash or shares), timing left 
to vesting, the extent to which performance conditions apply and expected value (i.e. likelihood of meeting any existing performance 
criteria) of the remuneration being forfeited. Replacement share awards, if used, may be granted using the Company's existing share 
plans to the extent possible, although awards may also be granted outside of these schemes. The aim of any such award would be to 
ensure that as far as possible, the expected value and structure of the award will be no more generous than the amount forfeited. 

In the case of an internal recruitment, any outstanding variable pay awarded in relation to the previous role will be allowed to pay out 
according to its terms of grant or adjusted as considered desirable to reflect the new role. 

Fees for a new Chairman or Non-Executive Director will be set in line with the approved policy. 

Service contracts and payments for loss of office 
The Service contracts for Executive Directors will continue indefinitely unless determined by their notice period. Under the Executive 
Directors' service contracts and in line with the policy for new appointments, 12 months' notice of termination of employment is 
required by either party.  

All Non-Executive Directors have letters of appointment with the Company for an initial period of two years, subject to annual re-
appointment at the AGM. Appointments may be terminated with three months' notice. The appointment letters for the Chairman 
and Non-Executive Directors provide that no compensation is payable on termination, other than accrued fees and expenses. 

All Directors submit themselves for election or re-election at the Annual General Meeting each year. Service contracts and letters  
of appointment are available for inspection at the Company's registered office.  

For Executive Directors, the Company may in its absolute discretion at any time after notice is served by either party, terminate a 
Director’s contract with immediate effect by paying an amount equal to base salary for the then unexpired period of notice plus the 
fair value of contractual benefits subject to the deduction of tax. All payments would discontinue or reduce to the extent that 
alternative employment is obtained. 

An Executive Director's service contract may be terminated without notice for certain events such as gross misconduct or a serious 
breach of contract. No payment or compensation beyond salary (and the value of holiday entitlement) accrued up to the date of 
termination will be made if such an event occurs. 

There are no special provisions relating to change of control. The policy on termination is that the Group does not make payments 
beyond its contractual obligations and the Committee ensures that there are no unjustified payments for failure. 

Any statutory payments required by law may be made. The Company may also pay outplacement, legal and other reasonable 
relevant costs associated with termination and may settle any claim or potential claim relating to the termination. 

Treatment of outstanding incentive awards 
At the discretion of the Committee, for certain good leaver circumstances (such as death, illness, injury, disability, redundancy, 
retirement, their employing company ceasing to be a Group company or the undertaking business or division for which he or she 
works being sold out of the Company's group, or any other circumstances at the discretion of the Committee), a pro-rata bonus  
may become payable at the normal payment date for the period of employment and based on full year performance.  

The treatment of share-based incentives previously granted to an Executive Director will be determined based on the plan rules.   
The default treatment will be for outstanding awards to lapse on cessation of employment. However, an executive will be treated as  
a 'good leaver' under certain circumstances such as death, illness, injury, disability, redundancy, retirement, their employing company 
ceasing to be a Group company or the undertaking business or division for which he or she works being sold out of the Company's 
group, or any other circumstances at the discretion of the Committee. Under the Deferred Share Bonus Plan, if treated as a good 
leaver, awards will normally vest on the original vesting date. Under the LTIP, if treated as a good leaver, awards will vest at the 
normal vesting date subject to the extent to which performance targets have been achieved. The number of LTIP awards that would 
vest will normally be reduced pro-rata to reflect the proportion of the three year period actually served. A post vest holding period 
would continue to apply. 

 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  83

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External directorships  
The Group allows Executive Directors to hold a Non-Executive position with one other company or organisation, for which they can 
retain the fees earned. 

How shareholder views are taken into account  
The Remuneration Committee is committed to ensuring an open dialogue with our shareholders and therefore, where changes are 
being made to the remuneration policy or where there is a material change in which we operate our policy, we will consult with major 
shareholders in advance. The Remuneration Committee adopted such an approach in putting together this policy by consulting the 
Company's largest shareholders and shareholder advisory bodies beforehand.   

In addition, the Committee considers shareholder feedback received in relation to the AGM each year and guidance from 
shareholder representative bodies more generally. 

Consideration of employment conditions elsewhere in the Group 
As part of the Committee’s wider remit and as part of the Directors’ Remuneration Policy review process, the Committee reviewed 
with management the pay structures across the wider Group and certain changes were made to the wider Group policy as a result  
of the review to ensure an appropriate and clear cascade of the Executive Directors’ policy to the wider Group. The Committee will 
continue within its Terms of Reference to monitor pay policies and practices within the wider Group and to provide input and 
challenge in respect of current policies and practices as well as any proposed future review and changes to ensure that they are 
appropriate, fair, aligned to the Executive Directors’ Remuneration Policy and support the culture and growth of the business. 

An Employee Forum was established in 2019 following an election of Employee Representatives. The Forum provides the opportunity 
for the appointed Employee Representatives to discuss business objectives, facilitate change and continuous improvement through  
a pro-active dialogue. It’s also a place in where they can share suggestions, ideas and feedback from the colleagues they represent, to 
help shape the Transformation Plan and our future. The Company Secretary has engaged with the Forum to explain the alignment  
of the Directors’ Remuneration Policy to the wider Group pay policy. 

ANNUAL REPORT ON REMUNERATION 

The Annual Report on Remuneration set out below (together with the Remuneration Committee Chairman's Annual Statement)  
will be put to an advisory shareholder vote at the 2020 AGM. The information below includes how we intend to operate our policy  
in 2020 and the pay outcomes in respect of the 2019 financial year. The information from the single total remuneration figures for 
Directors on page 85 to the end of the section on loss of office payments on page 88 has been audited. The remainder is unaudited. 

Implementation of Remuneration Policy in 2020 

Salaries 
The Committee has determined that the Executive Directors will not receive a base salary increase for 2020. Therefore, the salaries as 
at 1 January 2020 are: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2020                                 2019                           Increase 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            £                                        £                                       % 

Mike McCollum                                                                                                                                                           511,500             511,500                          – 
Richard Portman                                                                                                                                                        247,950             247,950                          – 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                                                                             316,200             316,200                          – 

Chairman and Non-Executive Directors' fees 
The fees for other Non-Executive Directors, are as detailed below. There is no increase in fee levels for 2020 other than the minor 
rounding up of the fee for the new Chairman, Clive Whiley: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2020                                 2019                           Increase 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            £                                        £                                       % 

Chairman                                                                                                                                                                      175,000             173,350                          1 
Basic fee for Non-Executive Directors                                                                                                                    46,850               46,850                          – 
Supplementary Senior Independent Director fee                                                                                                9,700                  9,700                          – 
Supplementary Audit Committee Chairman fee                                                                                                  9,350                  9,350                          – 
Supplementary Remuneration Committee Chairman fee                                                                                6,300                  6,300                          – 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
84  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Pension and Benefits 
All Executive Directors will receive a salary supplement in lieu of pension of 15 per cent of their basic salary. Benefits will be provided  
in line with the approved remuneration policy.  

Pension contribution for new Executive Directors will be in line with the pension plan for the majority of the workforce, which is 
currently four per cent of base salary. 

Annual bonus 
The maximum bonus potential will be unchanged, at 135 per cent of salary for the Chief Executive and 125 per cent of salary for the 
other Executive Directors. 

70 per cent of the bonus will continue to be based on underlying operating profit targets and 30 per cent on strategic objectives,  
which are common to all Directors. 

For the underlying operating profit element 20 per cent of the maximum will become payable for achieving a target level of 
performance, rising incrementally so that there will be a full pay out for significant over-achievement of target. There will be no 
threshold level of payment for performance below target. The strategic objectives support the Group's strategy and business model  
as set out on page 86 of the Annual Report. As we are in the second year of the Transformation Plan the Objectives are the same as for 
FY19, but with updated target ranges. The achievement of the strategic objectives will be determined on a similar basis, using numeric 
ranges where possible and are set out below. 

• Increasing funeral market share, with a sliding scale of performance;   

• Customer satisfaction based on a ‘definitely recommend’ result, with a sliding scale of performance; and  

• Achieving key objectives from our Transformation Plan. This will be assessed by the Committee at the year end and differentiating 
between delivery of most aspects of the Plan, delivery of all aspects of the Plan and over-delivery of the Plan, for differing levels of 
bonus to be payable. 

There will be Committee discretion to adjust the formula driven outturn to ensure that the bonus payments also reflect performance 
more broadly and the experience of other stakeholders in the business.  

The underlying profit element target range and the strategic objective targets are deemed to be commercially sensitive and have not 
been disclosed prospectively. However, full retrospective disclosure of the targets and performance against them will be provided in 
next year's Remuneration Report.  

20 per cent of any annual bonus earned will be deferred in shares. The deferred shares will vest after two years subject to continued 
employment. 

Long-Term Incentive Plan 
Taking into account the ongoing weakness in our share price relating to the CMA report findings, the Committee will determine the 
LTIP grant levels and performance conditions after the CMA Provisional Decision Report is published, later in 2020. There will be  
full disclosure of the grant level and the performance conditions in the RNS announcement for the award and again in next year’s 
Directors’ Remuneration Report. 

Executive Directors will be required to hold the net of tax vested shares for two years following vesting. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  85

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Total remuneration payable to Directors in 2019 
                                                                                                                                  Fixed Pay                                                                                                                        Pay for Performance 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Annual                                                                                                                        Total 
                                                                                                                     Salary                        Benefits(a)                        Pension(b)                            Bonus(c)                                LTIP(d)                               Other               Remuneration 
                                                                                                                       £000                                 £000                                 £000                                 £000                                  £000                                 £000                                 £000 

Executive Directors 
Mike McCollum

Richard Portman

Steve Whittern

Non–Executive Directors 
Clive Whiley

Peter Hindley

Jane Ashcroft

David Blackwood

Mary McNamara

James Wilson

2019
2018

2019
2018

2019
2018

2019
2018

2019
2018

2019
2018

512                        20                        77                     124                           –                          –                     733 
512                        20                        77                      401                           –                          –                  1,010 

248                        18                        37                        56                           –                          –                     359 
248                        18                        37                      180                           –                          –                      483 

316                        20                        47                        71                           –                          –                     454 
316                        21                        47                      229                           –                          –                      613 

46                          –                          –                          –                           –                          –                        46 
n/a                      n/a                      n/a                      n/a                       n/a                      n/a                      n/a 

78                          3                          –                          –                           –                          –                        81 
173                          1                           –                           –                           –                          –                      174 

47                          –                          –                          –                           –                          –                        47 
47                           –                           –                           –                           –                          –                        47 

2019              110                          –                          –                          –                           –                          –                     110 
67                           –                           –                           –                           –                          –                        67 
2018

2019
2018

2019
2018

54                          –                          –                          –                           –                          –                        54 
54                           –                           –                           –                           –                          –                        54 

–                          –                          –                          –                           –                          –                          – 
n/a                      n/a                      n/a                      n/a                       n/a                      n/a                      n/a 

(a) Taxable benefits for the year included: provision of a company car or allowance, fuel, family private medical cover, landline telephone and broadband at each Executive Director’s 

home residence and a mobile telephone together with a pre-arranged funeral plan in accordance with any scheme established by the Group in respect of the funeral of the 
Executive Director or his spouse.  

(b) The pension benefit is set at 15 per cent of basic salary.  
(c) The bonus relates to performance in the 2019 financial year.   
(d) The LTIP award granted on 16 June 2017 has lapsed as the performance targets were not met.   
(e) Peter Hindley retired from the Board on 13 June 2019. Clive Whiley joined the Board on 26 September 2019. David Blackwood was Interim Chairman in the period between  

Peter Hindley’s retirement and Clive Whiley’s appointment during which period he received an increased fee (based pro-rata on the Chairman’s annual fee) to reflect  
additional responsibilities. 

(f) James Wilson has elected not to receive a Non-Executive Director’s fee. 
(g) Dean Moore was appointed to the Board on 11 March 2020 and is, therefore, not included in the table above. Dean Moore will receive an annual fee of £46,850 which will  

increase by £9,350 when he becomes Chairman of the Audit Committee. 

Determination of 2019 annual bonus 
The 2019 annual bonus was based on the achievement of underlying operating profit targets (70 per cent) and strategic targets  
(30 per cent). 

Bonus payment against the underlying operating profit range is set out below: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Target                                        Stretch                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                                               (for which 20% of                  (for which 100% of                                                                              Bonus payable 
                                                                                                                                                        Weighting                maximum payable)                maximum payable)                               2019 actual                  (out of maximum) 
                                                                                                                                                                        %                                               £m                                               £m                                               £m                                                  % 

Underlying operating profit

Strategic measures

70

30

64

80.2

63.3

60 per cent

– 

18 

Strategic objectives were set based on the three most critical business priorities for the year each equally weighted at 10 per cent. 

 
 
 
     
     
     
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
86  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

The strategic objectives and the Committee’s assessment of their achievement is summarised below: 

Detail of objective 

1. Funeral Market Share (10 per cent out of the 30 per cent Strategic Objectives element) is the number of funerals performed 
by the Company's group in Great Britain (excluding Northern Ireland) in the 2019 financial year as a proportion of the total estimated 
number of deaths in that region during the period (as estimated and calculated by the Company).  

The target range required the Company's Funeral Market Share to be between 11.94 per cent, at which point 20 per cent of this 
element of the bonus would be payable, and 12.08 per cent (or greater) at which point 100 per cent of this element of the bonus 
would be payable. 

Committee assessment 
With a funeral market share of 11.7 per cent the threshold target was not met. 

Outcome 
0 per cent out of 10 per cent payable. 

Detail of objective 

2. Customer Recommendation (10 per cent out of the 30 per cent Strategic Objectives element) means the percentage  
of customer survey respondents for funerals conducted in the 2019 financial year who confirmed that they would definitely 
recommend Dignity, measured by reference to the total number of surveys received for the current financial year by the end  
of February 2020. 

The target range required the Customer Recommendation to be between 89.92 per cent, at which point 20 per cent of this  
element of the bonus would be payable, and 90.07 per cent (or greater) at which point 100 per cent of this element of the bonus 
would be payable. 

Committee assessment 
The Company's Customer Recommendation score was 90.88 per cent, resulting in the maximum target being exceeded. 

Outcome 
10 per cent out of 10 per cent payable. 

Detail of objective 

3. Transformation Plan (10 per cent out of the 30 per cent Strategic Objectives element) relates to the progress made in the 
2019 financial year in implementing the Transformation Plan. 

The Committee took account of whether exceptional performance has been demonstrated in the delivery of the Transformation  
Plan in FY19. 

Committee assessment 
57 of 59 deliverables were completed and an additional 13 deliverables added in the year were also achieved. 

Outcome 
The Committee determined that in light of the good progress during the year in relation to the Transformation Plan, with significant 
over-delivery of the additional objectives, 8 per cent out of 10 per cent of the bonus should be payable. 

Summary of performance achievement and bonus payments 
Therefore, overall for 2019, payment of 0 per cent of the underlying operating profit element (accounting for 70 per cent of the 
bonus) and 18 per cent of the strategic objectives (accounting for the remaining 30 per cent) resulted in an overall bonus of 18 per 
cent of maximum being payable.  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Bonus maximum                                          Pay-out                          Bonus outcome 
Director                                                                                                                                                                                                                              (% of base salary)                         (% of maximum)                                                     (£) 

Mike McCollum                                                                                                                                                135                                 18                       124,294 
Richard Portman                                                                                                                                             125                                 18                         55,789 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                                                                 125                                 18                         71,145 

20 per cent of any bonus earned is deferred in shares, for 2 years. 

The Committee is comfortable that this bonus outcome is appropriate in the context of the broader company performance and that 
discretion has not needed to be used to adjust the formula driven outcome. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  87

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Determination of LTIP awards with performance periods ending in the year  
Half of the LTIP awards made in 2017 were subject to a relative TSR condition and half subject to underlying EPS growth targets, both 
measured over the three year period which ended on 27 December 2019. These awards lapsed in full, as shown below:  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            TSR relative to FTSE 350 companies 
TSR condition                                                                                                                                                                                                               (excluding investment trusts) 

Below threshold
Threshold
Stretch or above
Actual achieved

Performance required
Below median
Median
Upper quartile or above
301 out of 312 companies

EPS condition                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Below threshold
Threshold
Maximum or above
Actual achieved

Performance required
Less than 136.8p
136.8p
144p
60.6p

% vesting 
– 
25 
100 
– 

% vesting 
– 
15 
100 
– 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                             2017 LTIP award                     EPS vesting                         TSR vesting                   Award value 
Director                                                                                                                                                                                                           number of shares                      % of target                          % of target                                 £000 

Mike McCollum                                                                                                                              31,435                           –                             –                          – 
Richard Portman                                                                                                                           15,200                           –                             –                          – 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                                               19,405                           –                             –                          – 

LTIP awards granted in the year  
LTIP awards granted in the form of nil cost options to Executive Directors on 13 June 2019 were as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                     Face/maximum                                                              
                                                                                                                                                  Number of LTIP                     value of awards                     % of award vesting at 
Executive                                                                                                                                                 awards                     at grant date*£                                           threshold                                           Performance period 

Mike McCollum                                                                            80,741                  511,494                                    25                  01.01.19 – 31.12.21 
Richard Portman                                                                         39,139                  247,946                                    25                  01.01.19 – 31.12.21 
Steve Whittern                                                                             49,913                  316,199                                    25                  01.01.19 – 31.12.21 

*  Based on a share price on the date of grant on 13 June 2019 of 633.5 pence.  

The 2019 award will vest subject to a range of relative total shareholder return performance against the companies comprising the 
FTSE SmallCap Index (excluding investment trusts). The vesting of this award is dependent on the following: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                               TSR relative to FTSE SmallCap companies(1) 

Below threshold
Threshold
Stretch or above

Performance required
Below median
Median
Upper quartile or above

% vesting 
– 
25 
100 

(1)   The baseline for the TSR calculation for Dignity will reflect the average share price over the 30 days prior to 8 March 2019, (being the date that the Company concluded the  
policy and its application for FY19) which is higher than the share price at the start of the performance period. The baseline for all of the other companies in the comparator 
group is the average TSR over the final three months of the 2019 financial year. The closing TSR will be based on the TSR over the final three months of the performance period, 
for all companies.  

As a second performance condition, the Committee will review the underlying financial performance of the Company over the 
performance period and the progress in implementing our strategic priorities, including growth in market share, to determine whether 
the level of vesting indicated by the relative TSR performance is appropriate and the Committee will scale back the level of vesting if it 
considers that this is not the case.   

Clawback and malus provisions apply and there is a holding period requiring the net of tax value of shares to be held for two years 
after the awards vest. 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
88  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Outstanding Long-Term Incentive Plan awards 
Details of the nil cost option awards, not yet vested and exercised, made under the LTIP are disclosed in the table below: 

                                                                                                         Share price                                                    Granted                     Lapsed            Vested and                                              Earliest date                Latest date 
                                                                            Award         at date of grant                        As at                      during                      during               exercised                        As at           shares can be           shares can be 
Director                                                      grant date                         (pence)                 28.12.18                           year                           year           during year                 27.12.19                    acquired                    acquired 

Mike McCollum

Richard Portman

Steve Whittern

15.06.16(i)
16.03.17(ii)
23.03.18(iii)
13.06.19(iv)

15.06.16(i)
16.03.17(ii)
23.03.18(iii)
13.06.19(iv)

15.06.16(i)
16.03.17(ii)
23.03.18(iii)
13.06.19(iv)

2,435
2,455
890
633.5

2,435
2,455
890
633.5

2,435
2,455
890
633.5

31,435
31,253
31,253
–

15,200
15,150
15,150
–

19,405
19,320
19,320
–

–
–
–
80,741

–
–
–
39,139

–
–
–
49,913

31,435
–
–
–

15,200
–
–
–

19,405
–
–
–

–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–

–
31,253
31,253
80,741

–
15,150
15,150
39,139

–
19,320
19,320
49,913

15.06.19
16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22

15.06.19
16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22

15.06.19
16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22

15.06.26 
16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 

15.06.26 
16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 

15.06.26 
16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 

(i)    Number of options derived based on the average mid-market share price for the previous 28 working days to 25 December 2015. 

(ii)   Number of options derived based on the average mid-market share price for the previous 28 working days to 30 December 2016. Half of the share awards under the LTIP are 

subject to a comparative TSR performance condition against the constituents of the FTSE 350. Awards will only be released if the Group’s comparative TSR performance is equal 
or greater than the median level of performance over the performance period at which point 25 per cent of the award will be released with full vesting occurring for an upper 
quartile performance. Vesting occurs on a straight line basis between these points. The other half of the awards are based on EPS growth targets. 

(iii)  Number of options derived based on the same number of shares as the prior year’s awards. The share price of 890 pence in the table above is at the grant date. Awards  

subject to a range of share price targets, from 1,500p to 1,950p for 25 per cent to 100 per cent vesting and a financial performance underpin. The 2018 awards will vest based  
on absolute TSR. Full vesting will require performance broadly equivalent to returning the share price to the level it was prior to the 19 January 2018 pricing announcement. 

(iv)  Number of awards scaled back from usual policy of 150 per cent of salary, to 100 per cent of salary. The 2019 award is based on relative TSR compared to the FTSE SmallCap 

Index with a separate financial and strategic performance condition. 

The aggregate gain on the exercise of Long-Term Incentive Plan options by the continuing Directors in the period was £nil (2018: £nil). 

Directors’ interest in shares 
The interests of the Directors in the share capital of Dignity plc at 27 December 2019 are set out below: 

                                                                                                                                                               Number of Ordinary Shares 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               At 27 December 2019 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Value of shares                                     
                                                                                                                                         At 27 December                                                                        Subject to                                        counting towards                                     
                                                                                                      At 28 December                         2019                                       Deferred          performance             Vested but                     proposed           Percentage of 
                                                                                                                            2018                      Legally         Subject      Annual Bonus               conditions           unexercised               shareholding            salary held as 
                                                                                                          Legally owned                      owned         to SAYE                  Options       under the LTIP      under the LTIP                   guideline(1)                      shares(1)

Mike McCollum                                                  126,845         126,845               –             7,092         143,247           17,437          £826,486                    162   
Richard Portman                                                  50,000            50,000         332             2,449            69,439             8,431          £329,579                    133   
Steve Whittern                                                      38,076            38,076               –             3,127            88,553           10,763          £268,537                      85 
Peter Hindley(2)                                                   106,873                       –               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
Clive Whiley(3)                                                            3,000              3,000               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
David Blackwood                                                    7,154              7,154               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
Jane Ashcroft                                                            1,917              1,917               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
Mary McNamara                                                    5,500              5,500               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         – 
James Wilson                                                            1,000              1,000               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   

(1)     Based on the average share price of the last financial month of the year of 591 pence and includes legally owned shares plus the net of tax value (i.e. tax and national insurance 

at 47 per cent) of deferred bonus options and vested but unexercised LTIP awards.  

(2)     Peter Hindley retired from the Board on 13 June 2019. 

(3)     Clive Whiley was appointed to the Board on 26 September 2019. Clive Whiley has a beneficial interest via Zodiac Executive Pension Scheme, of which he is the sole beneficiary, 

in 3,000 Dignity plc shares. 

Dean Moore was appointed to the Board on 11 March 2020 and has no interest in Dignity plc shares. 

There has been no change in the interests set out above between 27 December 2019 and 11 March 2020. 

Shareholding guideline  
The current shareholding guideline for the Executive Directors was not met and, accordingly, the Executive Directors are below the 
required shareholding level and will be required to retain at least 50 per cent of the net of tax value of shares at such time as future 
awards vest until the required guideline of 200 per cent of salary is achieved. 

Loss of office payments and payments to past Directors   
There were no loss of office payments during the year.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  89

Relative importance of spend on pay between employee pay and distributions to shareholders 
The following table sets out the percentage change in dividends and overall spend on employee pay in the 2019 financial year 
compared with the prior year.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       2019                                  2018                             Change  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £m                                      £m                                         %  

Dividends                                                                                                                                                                       7.9                    12.2                    (35) 

Employee remuneration costs                                                                                                                             107.4                 107.2                         – 

Legacy pension arrangements 
Mike McCollum and Richard Portman were deferred members of the Dignity Pension & Assurance Scheme, which is a defined 
benefit and tax approved scheme. Mike McCollum ceased to be an active member of the Scheme on 31 March 2012 and Richard 
Portman ceased to be an active member on 31 March 2014. Instead they receive a pension supplement of 15 per cent of base salary. 
The Group has also arranged permanent life cover equal to the benefit they would have received had they remained in the Scheme. 
Mike McCollum transferred his benefits out of the Scheme in January 2016 and Richard Portman transferred his benefits out of the 
Scheme in January 2018. 

Percentage change in CEO pay 
The table below shows the percentage year-on-year change in the value of salary, benefits and annual bonus for the Chief Executive 
between the current and previous year compared to that of the average employee on a full time equivalent basis. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       2019                               2018                           Change 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 £000                                  £000                                         %  

Chief Executive 
–   Salary                                                                                                                                                                        512                    512                         – 
–   Benefits                                                                                                                                                                      97                      97                         – 
–   Annual bonus                                                                                                                                                         124                    401                     (69) 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Change 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         £                                          £                                         %  

Full time equivalent average employee (1) 
–   Salary                                                                                                                                                                  26,478              26,777                        (1) 
–   Benefits                                                                                                                                                                 1,834                 1,791                         2 
–   Performance related pay                                                                                                                                    574                 1,083                     (47) 

(1)     There are 3,304 employees at 27 December 2019 (28 December 2018: 3,261), of which 791 (2018: 752) were part time. 

Long-Term Total Shareholder Return Performance and CEO pay over this period 
The following graph shows the Company's TSR performance over the last ten financial years against the FTSE 350 Index and the  
FTSE SmallCap Index. The FTSE 350 Index has been chosen as the Company has been a member of that Index until recently and the 
FTSE SmallCap Index has been chosen as it is now a member of that Index. 

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Ten Year Total Shareholder Return 

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Dignity plc  

FTSE 350 Index   

FTSE SmallCap Index   

Source: Datastream (Thomson Reuters)

This graph shows the value, by 27 December 2019, of £100 invested in Dignity plc on 25 December 2009, compared with the value  
of £100 invested in the FTSE 350 Index and FTSE SmallCap Index on the same date. 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
90  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

The table below shows the total remuneration figure for the CEO over the same ten year period. 

                                                                                             2010                      2011                      2012                      2013                      2014                      2015                      2016                      2017                      2018                2019 

CEO single total figure of 
remuneration (£000)                       899               917           2,081           2,217           2,426           2,440           2,372               966           1,010          733 

Annual bonus pay-out  
relative to maximum (%)                100               100               100               100               100               100               100                    –                 58             18 

LTIP vesting (%)                                       –                    –               100               100               100               100               100                 50                    –                – 

Details of Directors' service contracts and letters of appointment 
Details of the service contracts of the Executive Directors and letters of appointment of the Non-Executive Directors are as follows: 

Name

Mike McCollum 
Richard Portman
Steve Whittern
Clive Whiley
David Blackwood
Jane Ashcroft
James Wilson
Dean Moore

Contract date

1 April 2004
1 November 2006
1 January 2009
26 September 2019
1 October 2015
1 April 2016
1 May 2019
11 March 2020

Notice period 

12 months
12 months
12 months
3 months
3 months
3 months 
3 months
3 months

External directorships 
Mike McCollum is a Non-Executive Director of CVS Group plc and received fees of £46,000 in the year to 31 December 2019.  
Steve Whittern is a Senior Non-Executive Director of Medica Group plc and received fees of £60,000 in the year to 31 December 2019.  
The Committee and the Board have considered these appointments and have concluded that for both Directors there is a benefit  
to Dignity in the executives serving as a Non-Executive Director on a different company Board and that they have sufficient time  
to be able to commit to their Dignity roles and that these directorships do not impede their ability to fully discharge their 
responsibilities. In both cases fees earned are retained by the Directors.  

Membership of the Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee comprises three independent Non-Executive Directors. During 2019, the Committee was chaired  
by Mary McNamara and the Committee members in 2019 comprised Mary McNamara (until 27 December 2019) together with  
Jane Ashcroft and David Blackwood (who assumed the role of Acting Committee Chairman from that date). 

The Remuneration Committee members have no personal financial interest, other than as shareholders, in matters to be decided, 
no potential conflicts of interests arising from cross directorships and no day-to-day involvement in running the business.  

The Remuneration Committee determines and agrees with the Board, within formal terms of reference, the framework and policy  
of Directors’ and senior management’s remuneration. The Committee met four times during the year. At the start of the year the 
Committee determined the incentive payments for 2018 and the new remuneration policy for 2019-21, including continuing (from 
FY18) a consultation with major shareholders. 

The Committee receives advice from several sources, namely: 

• The Chairman, Chief Executive, Finance Director and Corporate Services Director, who attend the Remuneration Committee by 

invitation, and the Company Secretary, who attends meetings as Secretary to the Committee. No individual takes part in discussions 
relating to their own remuneration and benefits.   

• Korn Ferry, who were appointed by the Committee as its independent advisers on 3 August 2018 following a tendering process. 
Korn Ferry report directly to the Committee Chairman and are signatories of the Code of Conduct for Remuneration Consultants 
(which can be found at www.remunerationconsultantsgroup.com). Korn Ferry provides other consulting services on leadership 
development, but this is an entirely separate team independent from the team advising the Committee and the advice to the 
Committee is therefore considered independent. During 2019, total fees charged in the period by Korn Ferry in relation to advice  
to the committee were £74,751 +VAT (2018: £55,796 +VAT) and were charged on a time spent basis. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  91

Annual Evaluation 
During the period, the Board completed performance evaluations of itself and its Committees. The results of this are discussed  
on page 68. Specific matters reviewed by the Committee were: 

•  Time management and composition; 

•  Committee processes and support; 

•  Understanding of the regulatory environment with regard to remuneration matters; 

•  The alignment of management incentives with strategic aims; 

•  Engagement with and challenge of the external remuneration consultants; and 

•  Priorities for change. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

Statement of shareholder voting at the AGM (Unaudited)   
Votes cast by proxy at the Annual General Meeting held on 13 June 2019 in respect of the Remuneration Report and in respect of the 
binding three year policy vote, are as shown below: 

2019 AGM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Remuneration Report 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Total number                 Percentage of 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       of votes                        votes cast 

For                                                                                                                                                                                                         16,790,774                    92.6 
Against                                                                                                                                                                                                    1,339,744                       7.4 
Total votes cast                                                                                                                                                                               18,130,518                     100 

Abstentions                                                                                                                                                                                        13,583,903                      n/a 

2019 AGM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Remuneration Policy 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Total number                 Percentage of 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       of votes                        votes cast 

For                                                                                                                                                                                                         17,956,750                  98.14 
Against                                                                                                                                                                                                       340,926                    1.86 
Total votes cast                                                                                                                                                                               18,297,676                     100 

Abstentions                                                                                                                                                                                        13,416,745                      n/a 

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On behalf of the Board 

David Blackwood 
Acting Chairman of  the Remuneration Committee 

11 March 2020 

 
 
 
         
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
92  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Directors’ report 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

The Directors present their report and the audited consolidated 
financial statements for Dignity plc and its subsidiaries for the 
52 week period ended 27 December 2019. 

Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are listed  
on pages 64 and 65 of this Annual Report, confirm that, to the 
best of their knowledge and belief: 

The company registration number of Dignity plc is 4569346. 

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report, 
the Report on Directors’ Remuneration and the financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial 
statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors 
have prepared the Group financial statements in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRSs’) as 
adopted by the European Union (‘EU’) and the parent company 
financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice including Financial 
Reporting Standard 101, Reduced Disclosure Framework (‘FRS 
101’) (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable 
law). Under company law, the Directors must not approve the 
financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the 
Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.  
In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are 
required to: 

• Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently; 

• Make judgements and accounting estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent; and 

• State whether IFRSs as adopted by the EU and applicable UK 
Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any 
material departures disclosed and explained in the Group  
and Parent Company financial statements respectively.   

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 
the financial position of the Company and the Group and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements and the 
Report on Directors’ Remuneration comply with the Companies 
Act 2006 and, as regards the Group financial statements,  
Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. They are also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and 
hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity 
of the Group’s websites. Legislation in the United Kingdom 
governing the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

• The Group financial statements, which have been prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU, give a true and 
fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit  
of the Group; and 

• The Strategic Report on pages 1 to 59 of the Annual Report 
includes a fair review of the development and performance  
of the business and the position of the Group, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that it faces.  

Responsibility statement of the Directors in respect  
of the Annual Report 

The Directors confirm that to the best of their knowledge: 

• The consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance 
with IFRSs as adopted by the EU give a true and fair view of the 
assets, liabilities, financial position and profit of the Company 
and undertakings included in the consolidation as a whole;  

• This Annual Report, including the Strategic Report, includes  
a fair review of the development and performance of the 
business and the position of the Company and undertakings 
included in the consolidation as a whole, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they 
face; and 

• Having taken into account all matters considered by the  

Board and brought to the attention of the Board during the 
year, the Directors consider that the Annual Report, taken as  
a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable. The Directors 
believe that the disclosures set out in this Annual Report 
provide the information necessary for shareholders to assess 
the Company’s performance, business model and strategy. 

Principal risks and uncertainties  
Operational risks are considered on pages 48 to 50. 

An assessment of the Group’s exposure to financial risks and  
a description of how these risks are managed are included in 
note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Share capital 
During the period, 3,455 Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence 
each were issued to satisfy a Deferred Bonus Plan award which 
vested in the period.  

The issued share capital of Dignity plc at 27 December 2019 
consisted of 50,012,394 Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence 
each. All the Ordinary Shares carry the same rights and 
obligations. There are no other class or type of share in issue. 

 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  93

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A special resolution passed at the last AGM on 13 June 2019 
gives Dignity plc the authority to purchase up to 5,000,894 
Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence each at not less than 
nominal value and not more than five per cent above the 
average middle market quotation for the preceding five 
business days. At the same meeting the Company was also 
given authority to allot Ordinary Shares up to an aggregate 
nominal value of £4,112,623 of which up to £308,447 may be 
for cash. These authorities will expire at the conclusion of the 
next AGM on 11 June 2020. It is the intention of the Directors  
to seek renewal of these authorities at that AGM. There are  
no restrictions at the period end on the transfer of securities. 

Results 
The results for the period are set out in the Consolidated 
Income Statement on page 104. The Group’s profit before tax 
amounted to £44.1 million (2018: restated loss of £18.0 million). 

Dividends 
A 2018 final dividend of 15.74 pence per Ordinary Share was 
paid to shareholders on 28 June 2019.  

Although the Group has significant cash resources at hand and 
continues to be cash generative, in order to maintain maximum 
flexibility and liquidity during the transformation, the Board  
has concluded that it is prudent to temporarily cease dividend 
payments. The Group has an established track record of 
returning cash to shareholders at appropriate times over many 
years and once the current uncertain competitive environment 
becomes clearer, it anticipates resuming dividend payments or 
returning excess cash to shareholders.  

Employment policies 
During the period, the Group has maintained its obligations  
to effectively communicate and involve employees in its  
affairs. Methods of communication used include an Employee  
Forum, an in-house magazine, team talks, regular bulletins  
both national and regional, regular town hall briefings on  
the progress of the Transformation Plan, and management 
briefings. This is discussed in more detail in the Corporate  
and Social Responsibility Report on pages 53 to 59. 

Employment policies are designed to provide equal 
opportunities irrespective of age, sexuality, colour, ethnic  
or national origin, religion, nationality, sex or marital status.  
Full consideration is given to the employment, training and 
career development of disabled persons, subject only to their 
aptitudes and abilities. The Group endeavours, as far as is 
practicable, to treat disabled persons equally with others and 
will also endeavour to help and accommodate persons who 
become disabled whilst working for Dignity. 

The Directors published gender pay data on the corporate 
website www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate during 2019  
in accordance with the Equality Act 2010 (Gender Pay Gap) 
Regulations 2017. 

Directors and their interests  
Details of the Directors of the Company who were in office 
during the period and up to the date of signing the financial 
statements are shown in the Report on Directors’ 
Remuneration on pages 88 to 90. 

In accordance with the April 2016 UK Corporate Governance 
Code, at the AGM, all Directors will retire as Directors of the 
Company and, being eligible, offer themselves for election or  
re-election at the AGM on 11 June 2020.  

During the period, the Company maintained liability insurance 
for its Directors and Officers to a value of £100 million. The 
Directors of each of the Company’s subsidiaries have the 
benefit of an indemnity provision in the Company’s Articles  
of Association. The indemnity provision, which is a qualifying 
third party indemnity provision as defined by Section 234 of  
the Companies Act 2006, was in force throughout the period 
and is currently in force. 

Health and Safety policy 
The Group’s operations are designed at all times in such a way 
as to ensure, so far as reasonably practicable, the health, safety 
and welfare of all of our employees and all other persons who 
may attend our premises. This is discussed in the Corporate 
and Social Responsibility Report on page 58. 

Corporate Social Responsibility 
Maintaining the quality of the environment in which we all  
live is an important concern for the Group. This is discussed in  
the Corporate and Social Responsibility Report on pages 58  
and 59 alongside other social and ethical considerations.  

Going concern 
The Directors have conducted a rigorous and proportionate 
assessment of the Group’s ability to continue in existence  
for the foreseeable future. They receive and review regularly 
management accounts, cash balances, forecasts and the 
annual budget together with covenant reporting. After careful 
consideration, and mindful of the current market conditions, 
the Directors confirm they are satisfied that the Group has 
adequate resources to continue operating for the foreseeable 
future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis for preparing the financial statements. The 
Directors formally considered this matter at the Board meeting 
held on 6 March 2020. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
94  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Directors’ report continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Post balance sheet events 
Subsequent to the year end, there has been a general 
downturn in financial markets which will have impacted the 
value of the financial assets held by the Trusts. This impact will 
change daily and has not been quantified at the time of this 
Annual Report. Given the diversified portfolio of assets held, 
which includes other investments such as property, the impact 
across the whole portfolio of assets held cannot be readily 
estimated. See note 30 for the most recent actuarial position  
of the Trust based on long-term growth assumptions. 

Independent Auditors and disclosure of information  
to Auditors 
A resolution for the re-appointment of Ernst & Young LLP  
as auditors will be proposed at the forthcoming AGM. 

In the case of each of the persons who are Directors at the  
time when the report is approved, the following applies: 

• So far as the Director is aware, there is no relevant audit 

information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware; 
and 

• The Directors have taken appropriate steps to make 

themselves aware of any relevant audit information and  
to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of  
that information. 

The Takeover Directive 
The Group has one class of voting share capital, Ordinary 
Shares. All of the shares rank pari passu. There are no special 
control rights in relation to the Group’s shares. The rules 
governing the appointment and replacement of Board members 
and changes to the Articles of Association accord with usual 
English company law provisions. The Board has authority to 
purchase its own shares and is seeking renewal of that power  
at the forthcoming AGM within the limits set out in the notice  
of that meeting. There are no significant agreements to which 
the Group is party which take effect, alter or terminate  
in the event of change of control of the Group. 

Corporate Governance Statement 
The information that fulfils the requirements of a corporate 
governance statement in accordance with rule 7.2 of the 
Disclosure and Transparency Rules can be found in this 
Directors’ Report and in the Directors’ Statement on Corporate 
Governance on pages 67 to 71, which is incorporated  
by reference. 

Strategic Report 
The Strategic Report on pages 1 to 59 has been approved  
by the Board. 

By order of the Board  

Tim George   
Company Secretary 

11 March 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  95

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Opinion 

In our opinion: 

• Dignity plc’s group financial statements and parent company financial statements (the “financial statements”) give a true and 
fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 27 December 2019 and of the group’s profit for 
the 52 week period then ended; 

• the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union;  

• the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 

Accounting Practice; and 

• the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006, and, as regards 

the group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. 

We have audited the financial statements of Dignity plc which comprise: 

Group 

Parent company 

• Consolidated income statement for the 52 week period ended  

27 December 2019 

• Balance sheet as at 27 December 2019 
• Statement of changes in equity for the 52 week period ended  

• Consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the 52 week period 

27 December 2019 

ended 27 December 2019 

• Consolidated balance sheet as at 27 December 2019 
• Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the 52 week period  

ended 27 December 2019 

• Consolidated statement of cash flows for the 52 week period ended  

27 December 2019 

• Related notes 1 to 35 to the financial statements, including a summary  

of significant accounting policies 

• Related notes C1 to C9 to the financial statements including a summary  

of significant accounting policies 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the group financial statements is applicable  
law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting 
framework that has been applied in the preparation of the parent company financial statements is applicable law and United 
Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 101 “Reduced Disclosure Framework (United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice). 

Basis for opinion  
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial 
statements section of our report below. We are independent of the group and parent company in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied 
to listed public interest entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to principal risks, going concern and viability statement 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following information in the annual report, in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require 
us to report to you whether we have anything material to add or draw attention to: 

• the disclosures in the annual report set out on pages 46 to 51 that describe the principal risks and explain how they are being 

managed or mitigated; 

• the directors’ confirmation set out on page 51 in the annual report that they have carried out a robust assessment of the 

principal risks facing the entity, including those that would threaten its business model, future performance, solvency or liquidity; 

• the directors’ statement set out on page 93 in the financial statements about whether they considered it appropriate to adopt 
the going concern basis of accounting in preparing them, and their identification of any material uncertainties to the entity’s 
ability to continue to do so over a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of the financial statements; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
96  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

• whether the directors’ statement in relation to going concern required under the Listing Rules in accordance with Listing  

Rule 9.8.6R(3) is materially inconsistent with our knowledge obtained in the audit; or  

• the directors’ explanation set out on page 51 in the annual report as to how they have assessed the prospects of the entity,  

over what period they have done so and why they consider that period to be appropriate, and their statement as to whether 
they have a reasonable expectation that the entity will be able to continue in operation and meet its liabilities as they fall due 
over the period of their assessment, including any related disclosures drawing attention to any necessary qualifications  
or assumptions. 

Overview of our audit approach 

Key audit matters 

Group 
• Revenue recognition – risk of management override.  
• Carrying value of goodwill, other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment.  
• Consolidation of and accounting for pre-need trusts. 

Company 
• Carrying value of subsidiary investments. 

Audit scope 

Materiality

• We performed an audit on the consolidated financial records of the group to the materiality and performance 

materiality described below. 

• Overall group materiality of £1.5 million which represents 4.6% of underlying profit before tax (IFRS profit before 

tax, adding back net non-underlying costs (excluding the add back for amortisation of acquisition related 
intangibles)).

Key audit matters  
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not  
due to fraud) that we identified. These matters included those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the 
allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the 
context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate 
opinion on these matters. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  97

Key observations 
communicated to the  
Audit Committee

The judgement to change  
the accounting policy is 
appropriate and has been 
applied and recorded in  
the financial statements in 
accordance with IFRS, notably 
in respect of the requirements 
of IFRS 10 Consolidated 
Financial Statements, IFRS 15 
Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers, IFRS 9 Financial 
Instruments and IAS 8 
Accounting Policies, Changes 
in Accounting Estimates  
and Errors. 
The carrying value of the  
Trust assets is fairly stated. 
The deferred revenue  
liability is fairly stated and  
the judgements applied by 
management in determining 
this are appropriate, as is  
the sensitivity applied and 
disclosed in respect of  
the opening balance  
sheet position as at 29 
December 2017.  
The disclosures presented in 
respect of the consolidation  
of the Trusts are in accordance 
with IFRS, except for the 
omission of certain IFRS 13 
disclosures on level 2 and level 
3 assets as this information 
was not available to 
management (as explained  
in Note 23). 

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Risk

Our response to the risk

Consolidation of and accounting for 
pre-need trusts 
Management revised its judgement in 
the period regarding the extent of its 
power over the pre-need trusts, which 
has resulted in the consolidation of the 
two principal pre-need trusts, being the 
Trust for Age UK Plans (‘Age UK’) and the 
National Funeral Trust (‘NFT’), together 
the ‘Trusts’. The revised judgement is as 
explained in Note 1 to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements. 
This change in accounting policy 
resulted in significant additional 
complexity to the financial statements, 
specifically: 
i) The Trusts hold investments in level 2 
and level 3 assets. The carrying values 
(£million) were as follows: 

                                            Level 2   Level 3       Total 

27 December 2019      708.1     239.4    947.5 

28 December 2018      609.7     252.7    862.4 

29 December 2017      625.0     240.6    865.6

Given the inherent valuation complexity, 
there is a risk of over/under statement 
of level 2 and level 3 assets. Where no 
active market prices exist, this risk is 
increased.   
ii)  Amounts received from funeral plan 
holders are deferred on the balance 
sheet within contract liabilities until 
the related funeral is performed or 
the plan cancelled. The deferred 
revenue balance as of 27 December 
2019 was £1,289.0 million (2018: 
£1,240.3 million, 2017: £1,188.9 
million). The group is required to 
evaluate a significant financing 
component rate for each cash flow 
deferred, being each customer 
payment related to a plan, as 
required by IFRS 15. These rates are 
applied to accrete cash flows from  
the date of customer payment to  
the satisfaction of the performance 
obligation when the funeral of the 
plan member is conducted. The 
incremental borrowing rate (‘IBR’)  
of the group (including the Trusts)  
has been evaluated by management 
as the appropriate rate to apply to 
deferred revenue as the significant 
financing component. The rate 
applied to each cash flow over time 
remains fixed until the revenue is 
recognised. There is judgement in 
determining the historic IBRs which 
vary over time and changes in the 
assessment of the IBRs initially 
applied to each cash flow could 
materially impact the deferred 
revenue balance held (and subsequent 
recognition of revenue); and 
iii) The presentation and disclosure 
changes arising as a result of the 
consolidation of the Trusts, to include 
the primary statements and 
supporting notes. 

Refer to the Accounting policies, Note 1, 
and Notes 13, 19, 23 and 35 of the 
Consolidated Financial Statements  
and the Audit Committee report  
(pages 72 to 74). 

• We evaluated the judgement of the change in accounting policy by reviewing 
management’s assessment and comparing their evaluation to the underlying 
terms of the agreements with the Trusts and the requirements of IFRS 10, 
Consolidated Financial Statements. Specifically, we reviewed and considered 
management’s re-assessment of their judgement in respect of the following  
key areas: 

• An increased level of emphasis being placed on the group’s ability to remove  

and appoint trustee’s; and 

• A reduced level of emphasis being placed on the legal requirement that a  

majority of trustees are unconnected with the group. 

Trust assets 
Existence 
• For all investments held at each balance sheet date we validated the existence  
of these assets by directly obtaining confirmation from the custodians of the 
number of units held. We reconciled these to the statements that we obtained 
directly from respective fund managers.  

Valuation 
• To test valuation of the index linked gilts and corporate bonds, equities, growth 
fixed income funds, property funds and emerging market debt investments  
at each balance sheet date, we traced the price per unit to publicly available 
information. 

• For the growth fixed income fund classified as a level 3 asset, £133.0 million  
as at 27 December 2019 (2018 £160.8 million, 2017 £163.2 million), we also 
obtained and reviewed the ISAE 3402 SOC-1 Type II report for the third party 
investment management services for each of the three years to 31 December 
2019. These reports concluded on the suitability of the design and operating 
effectiveness of controls over the valuation of assets held by the fund. Controls 
over valuation were assessed as effective. We also, with the help of our 
valuation specialist, obtained the pricing source information direct from the 
investment adviser and confirmed this observable data to be authentic.    

• For the property fund level 3 asset (£65.9 million as of 27 December 2019, 2018 
£63.0 million, 2017 £58.5 million) we also compared the unit price to net asset 
value per unit as per the most recent audited financial statements (to 30 June  
of each year) and redemption certificates close to the year end to validate any 
significant variances from the carrying value (when multiplied by the number  
of units held). We also obtained and reviewed the ISAE 3402 SOC-1 Type II report  
for the third party investment management services for years to 31 December 
2017 and 2018. These reports concluded on the suitability of the design and 
operating effectiveness of controls over the valuation of assets held by the fund. 
Controls over valuation were assessed as effective.    

• For the assets held in respect of the private (illiquid) investment fund, there is  

no active market price for this investment. For the opening balance sheet 
valuation as at 29 December 2017 (£16.5 million) and the comparative position  
as at 28 December 2018 (£27.9 million), these were tested by agreeing details to 
the fund’s audited financial statements. As at 27 December 2019 (carrying value 
£40.1 million), as audited financial statements for the private (illiquid) investment 
fund were not yet available, we obtained and reviewed the ISAE 3402 SOC-1 
Type II report for the third party investment management services for the year  
to 30 September 2019 with a bridging letter to 31 December 2019. This report 
concluded on the suitability of the design and operating effectiveness of controls 
over the valuation of assets held by the fund. Controls over valuation were 
assessed as effective. We also independently built an expectation of the 
valuation as at 27 December 2019 having considered the fund monthly 
management accounts (directly obtained from the fund manager) for December 
each year (2017, 2018 and 2019) and the level of investment units held by the 
Trusts as obtained directly from the asset custodian; 

Trust deferred revenue liabilities 
• We, with the support of our Treasury specialists, evaluated management’s 
assessment and judgement in respect of determining the IBR of the group  
(to include the Trusts), specifically, we: 
  – Assessed the credit rating of the group (including the Trusts) by considering 
Dignity plc’s rating by confirming to third party market sources and the 
impact of the strong asset position of the Trusts; and 

  – Compared the rates applied by management for the IBRs computed to 

comparable market data. 

• In respect of management’s model for the deferred revenue calculations we: 
  – Tested the arithmetical accuracy of the model; 
  – Agreed, for a sample of funeral plan transactions, the inputs to the model 

(including plan start date and cash flow amounts) to supporting 
documentation; 

  – Agreed a sample of funeral plans utilised in the period to third party evidence 
in order to ensure it was appropriate for revenue to be recognised in the 
Income Statement in respect of these plans;   

  – Evaluated the IBR sensitivity disclosure (as explained in Note 1) on the 
opening balance sheet as at 29 December 2017, by recomputing the 
amounts in management’s model. 

• We compared the journals posted by management on consolidation to 

account for the Trusts in the group financial statements by comparing the 
amounts posted to the outputs from the procedures performed above; and 
• We performed a review of the presentation and disclosure of the consolidation  

of the Trusts in comparison to the requirements of IFRS. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
98  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Key observations 
communicated to the  
Audit Committee

We have not identified any 
evidence of management 
override through inappropriate 
journal entries in respect of the 
amount of revenue recorded  
in the period.

Risk

Our response to the risk

Revenue recognition – risk of 
management override (Revenue 2019: 
£338.9 million, restated 2018:  
£353.7 million) 
Given investor focus on the group’s 
underlying revenue (2019: £301.3 
million, 2018: £315.6 million) we 
consider there to be a risk in relation  
to the manipulation by central 
management of the amount of revenue 
recorded. Management reward and 
incentive schemes based on achieving 
profit targets may also place pressure 
on management to manipulate  
revenue recognition. 
Therefore, there is a risk that central 
management may override controls  
to intentionally misstate revenue 
transactions through inappropriate 
manual journal entries, including those 
arising from consolidation of the Trusts 
and adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers. 
Refer to the Accounting policies, Note 1, 
and Notes 3 and 35 of the Consolidated 
Financial Statements and the Audit 
Committee report (pages 72 to 74).

• We understood the group’s revenue recognition policies and how they are 
applied, including the relevant controls, and performed a walkthrough to 
validate our understanding; 

• In respect of the funerals and crematoria segments, which together form  

93% of the group’s underlying revenue, we analysed the whole population of 
transactions from revenue recognition through to invoice settlement. Where 
the postings did not follow our expectation, we investigated and understood 
the characteristics of these entries and tested a sample to assess their validity 
by agreeing the transactions back to source documentation; 

• We reconciled the aggregate underlying revenue amounts extracted from the 
sales invoicing systems to revenue recorded in the general ledger and traced 
material reconciling items to supporting documentation;  

• We tested journal entries posted to revenue accounts, applying parameters 

designed to identify entries that were not in accordance with our expectations. 
This included analysing and selecting journals for testing which appeared 
unusual in nature either due to size, preparer or being manually posted. To 
assess their validity, we verified the journals to originating documentation;  
• We performed detailed testing over the adjustments to revenue made as  
a result of the consolidation of the Trusts and the IFRS 15 adjustment to 
recognise revenue in respect of pre-need disbursements and those services 
performed by non-Dignity funeral directors in the period, where the group is 
acting as principal in the arrangement. This testing compared the outputs of 
management’s deferred income liability model to the journals posted; and 
• We performed analytical procedures to compare revenue recognised with 

expectations based on past experience, management’s forecasts and, where 
possible, external market data in respect of the numbers of deaths in the 
period, assessed any contrary information and obtained corroborative 
evidence to support divergences from our expectations. 

We consider the group’s 
conclusions in respect of 
impairment of intangible  
and tangible assets are 
appropriate, and that the  
£6.8 million impairment of 
trade names is fairly stated. 
The impairment disclosures 
are in accordance with IAS 36. 

• We examined management’s methodology together with their models for 

assessing the valuation of goodwill, other intangible assets and property, plant 
and equipment balances to understand the composition of management’s 
future cash flow forecasts and the process undertaken to prepare them.  
This included confirming the underlying cash flows were derived from the 
Board approved budgets and assessing the identified CGUs for completeness. 
We also re-performed the calculations in the model to test the mathematical 
integrity; 

• In comparison to the requirements of IAS 36 on impairment and giving  

due consideration to management’s business model, we understood the 
methodology applied by management in performing its impairment tests  
of goodwill and trade names for the funeral segment;  

• We tested the key inputs to management’s impairment model by: 
  – analysing the historical accuracy of budgets to actual results to determine 

whether forecast cash flows are reliable based on past experience; 

  – assessing the discount rate used by obtaining the underlying data used  
in the calculation and benchmarking it against an EY range derived from 
comparable organisations and market data, involving EY internal specialists 
to assist us with this assessment; and 

  – challenging whether the forecast growth rates have been appropriately 
adjusted to reflect the changes in the group’s strategy and the changes 
experienced in the funeral market, together with comparing them to 
observable market data. 

• We calculated the degree to which the key inputs and assumptions would 
need to fluctuate before an impairment was triggered and considered the 
likelihood of this occurring. We performed our own sensitivities on the group’s 
forecasts and determined whether adequate headroom remained; and 

• We audited the related disclosures with reference to the requirements of IAS 
36 and confirmed their consistency with the audited impairment models. 

Carrying value of goodwill, other 
intangible assets and property, plant 
and equipment (2019: £624.4 million, 
2018: £639.0 million), net of a £6.8 
million (2018: nil) impairment of  
trade names 
The group has a significant value  
of goodwill, other intangible assets, 
including trade names, and property 
plant and equipment recognised on  
the balance sheet.  
As outlined in the strategic report the 
group has faced a challenging year 
arising from continued changes in  
the funeral market and a lower than 
anticipated number of deaths.  
The group has experienced an overall 
decline in underlying operating profit 
from £80.2 million in 2018 to £63.3 
million in 2019.  
Therefore, there is a risk that goodwill 
and the group’s cash generating units 
(‘CGUs’), in particular the funeral services 
segment and the related trade name 
CGUs, may not achieve the anticipated 
business performance to support their 
respective carrying values. 
Judgement is required in forecasting  
the future cash flows of each CGU, 
determination of the long-term growth 
rates applied to these cash flows, 
together with the rate at which they  
are discounted.  
Refer to the Accounting policies, Note 1, 
and Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial 
Statements and the Audit Committee 
report (pages 72 to 74).

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  99

Key observations 
communicated to the  
Audit Committee

Based on our procedures,  
we have not identified any 
impairment in the carrying 
value of investments.

Risk

Our response to the risk

• Management tested the parent company investment in subsidiaries  

for potential impairment using a model which adjusts the value in use 
established as part of the goodwill impairment assessment (see analysis  
on goodwill above) for net debt, pensions and cashflows and assets 
associated with the Trusts;   

• We tested the mathematical integrity of the calculation performed; and 
• We examined management’s methodology and model for assessing the 

valuation of investments to understand the composition of management’s 
future cash flow forecasts and the process undertaken to prepare them. In 
addition to the steps noted above in respect of the value in use established  
for goodwill impairment assessment purposes, we vouched each of the 
adjustments made to amounts recorded elsewhere in the financial 
statements or underlying accounting records.  

• We audited the related disclosures with reference to the requirements  

of IAS 36. 

Carrying value of subsidiary 
investments (2019: £149.9 million, 
2018: £149.1 million) 
The parent company holds investments 
in subsidiaries with a significant  
carrying value.  
As at 27 December 2019, the market 
capitalisation of Dignity plc is lower than 
the net assets of the company, this is  
an indicator of impairment.  
Further, as explained above, the group 
has faced a challenging year arising 
from continued changes in the funeral 
market and a lower than anticipated 
number of deaths, thereby reducing 
underlying performance and 
profitability. 
There is therefore a risk that the 
subsidiaries may not achieve the 
anticipated business performance to 
support their respective carrying values. 
Judgement is required in forecasting  
the future cash flows of the subsidiary 
investments and the Trusts, 
determination of the long-term growth 
rates applied to these cash flows, 
together with the rate at which they  
are discounted.  
Refer to the Accounting policies, Note C1 
and Note C2 of the Parent Company 
Financial Statements and the Audit 
Committee report (pages 72 to 74). 

In the prior year, our auditor’s report included a key audit matter in relation to the risk of fraud and management override. In the 
current year, we updated our identified risk, keeping unchanged the risk of management override related to revenue recognition 
(as included above), but removed this risk from being associated directly with the bad debt provision, dilapidations provision and 
uninvoiced cost accruals. These estimates are based upon clear and structured ‘mechanical’ calculations that have been applied 
consistently for many years with the opportunity for management to materially override these calculations being limited.

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100  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

An overview of the scope of our audit  

Tailoring the scope 
Our assessment of audit risk, our evaluation of materiality and performance materiality determine our audit scope. Taken 
together, this enables us to form an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. The group finance function operates  
from head office and there are common financial systems, processes and centralised controls covering all of its operations  
and individual operating locations. The audit of the group is undertaken by one audit team and the group audit has been 
performed on the consolidated financial records to the materiality and performance materiality described below. 

Our application of materiality 
We apply the concept of materiality in planning and performing the audit, in evaluating the effect of identified misstatements  
on the audit and in forming our audit opinion.  

Materiality 
The magnitude of an omission or misstatement that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence  
the economic decisions of the users of the financial statements. Materiality provides a basis for determining the nature and extent  
of our audit procedures. 

We determined materiality for the Group to be £1.5 million (2018: £2.0 million), which is 4.6% of underlying profit before tax  
(IFRS profit before tax, adding back net non-underlying costs (excluding the add back for amortisation of acquisition related 
intangibles)) (2018: 5% of profit before tax). 

We believe that this measure of underlying profit before tax is the most appropriate measure of the financial performance of  
the group on which to base audit materiality. In evaluating management’s adjustment to derive underlying operating profit, we 
exclude the add back of the £4.8 million amortisation of acquisition related intangibles as this is a recurring item. Further, we 
have excluded from our materiality calculation the additional net profit of £36.6 million achieved by the group as a result of the 
consolidation of the pre-need trusts. This is on the basis that 2019 represents the first year in which consolidated results include 
these trusts and therefore we set materiality on a basis that is comparable with that determined in previous years and in line 
with how the trading business is operated. The exclusion of the impact of the consolidation of the Trusts is consistent with how 
management prepare their underlying results and communicate financial performance to investors. 

Starting basis

• Profit before tax as reported in the financial statements – £41.1m

Adjustments

• Adjustment for non-underlying items (excluding acquisition related amortisation of £4.8 million) – £28.3 million 
• Exclude the profit impact of consolidation of the Trusts - £(36.6) million 

Materiality

• Underlying profit before tax – £32.8 million 
• Materiality calculated at 4.6% – £1.5 million

We determined materiality for our audit of the standalone parent company financial statements to be £4.6 million (2018: £4.8 
million), which is 1% (2018: 1%) of equity. Equity is the most appropriate measure given the parent company is an investment 
holding company with no revenue. The materiality determined for the standalone parent company financial statements exceeds 
the group materiality as it is determined on a different basis given the nature of the operations. For the purposes of the audit  
of the group financial statements, our procedures, including those on balances in the parent company, are undertaken with 
reference to the group materiality and performance materiality set out in this report. 

Performance materiality 
The application of materiality at the individual account or balance level. It is set at an amount to reduce to an appropriately low level  
the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds materiality. 

On the basis of our risk assessments, together with our assessment of the group and parent company’s overall control 
environment, our judgement was that performance materiality was 50% (2018: 75%) of our planning materiality, namely  
£0.8 million (2018: £1.5 million) for the group and £2.3 million (2018: £3.6 million) for the parent company. We reduced the 
percentage applied in determining performance materiality in light of the number and quantum of immaterial uncorrected  
and corrected misstatements arising in the 2018 audit. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  101

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Reporting threshold 
An amount below which identified misstatements are considered as being clearly trivial. 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all uncorrected audit differences in excess of £0.1 million 
(2018: £0.1 million) for both the group and the parent company, which is set at 5% (rounded to nearest £0.1 million) of planning 
materiality, as well as differences below that threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

We evaluate any uncorrected misstatements against both the quantitative measures of materiality discussed above and in light 
of other relevant qualitative considerations in forming our opinion. 

Other information 
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report set out on pages 1 to 94 and 167 to 171, 
including the Strategic Report set out on pages 1 to 59, Governance set out on pages 60 to 94 and Other Information set out  
on pages 167 to 171, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for  
the other information. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly 
stated in this report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, 
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in  
the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material 
misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of the other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

In this context, we also have nothing to report in regard to our responsibility to specifically address the following items in the 
other information and to report as uncorrected material misstatements of the other information where we conclude that those 
items meet the following conditions: 

• Fair, balanced and understandable set out on page 92 – the statement given by the directors that they consider the annual 

report and financial statements taken as a whole is fair, balanced and understandable and provides the information necessary 
for shareholders to assess the group’s performance, business model and strategy, is materially inconsistent with our 
knowledge obtained in the audit; or  

• Audit committee reporting set out on page 72 – the section describing the work of the audit committee does not appropriately 

address matters communicated by us to the audit committee; or 

• Directors’ statement of compliance with the UK Corporate Governance Code set out on page 61 – the parts of the directors’ 
statement required under the Listing Rules relating to the company’s compliance with the UK Corporate Governance Code 
containing provisions specified for review by the auditor in accordance with Listing Rule 9.8.10R(2) do not properly disclose  
a departure from a relevant provision of the UK Corporate Governance Code. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion, the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be audited has been properly prepared in accordance with  
the Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the financial statements 

are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  

• the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
102  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment obtained in the 
course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report 
to you if, in our opinion: 

• adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 

received from branches not visited by us; or 

• the parent company financial statements and the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited are not in 

agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

• certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

• we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors 
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 92, the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as 
the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group and parent company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance  
is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a 
material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually  
or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis  
of these financial statements.  

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 
The objectives of our audit, in respect to fraud, are; to identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial 
statements due to fraud; to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the assessed risks of material misstatement 
due to fraud, through designing and implementing appropriate responses; and to respond appropriately to fraud or suspected 
fraud identified during the audit. However, the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud rests with both 
those charged with governance of the entity and management. 

Our approach was as follows: 

• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the group and determined that 
the most significant frameworks which are directly relevant to specific assertions in the financial statements are those that 
relate to the reporting framework (IFRS, FRS 101, the Companies Act 2006 and UK Corporate Governance Code 2016) and the 
relevant tax compliance regulations in the UK. In addition, we concluded that there are certain significant laws and regulations 
which may have an effect on the determination of the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements being the Listing 
Rules of the UK Listing Authority, and those laws and regulations relating to occupational health and safety and data protection.  

• We understood how the group is complying with those frameworks by making enquiries of management, internal audit and 

those responsible for legal and compliance procedures. We corroborated our enquiries through our review of board minutes, 
papers provided to the Audit Committee and any correspondence received from regulatory bodies.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  103

• We assessed the susceptibility of the group’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might  

occur by meeting with management to understand where it considered there was susceptibility to fraud. We also considered 
performance targets and their influence on efforts made by management to manage earnings or influence the perceptions  
of analysts. We considered the programs and controls that the group has established to address risks identified, or that 
otherwise prevent, deter and detect fraud; and how senior management monitors those programs and controls. Where the 
risk was considered to be higher, we performed audit procedures to address each identified fraud risk. These procedures 
included testing manual journals and were designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free 
from fraud or error. 

• Based on this understanding we designed our audit procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and regulations 
identified in the paragraphs above. Our procedures involved: journal entry testing, with a focus on manual journals and 
journals indicating large or unusual transactions based on our understanding of the business; enquiries of group management, 
internal audit; and focused testing, as referred to in the key audit matters section above.  

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting 
Council’s website at https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Other matters we are required to address  
• We were appointed by the company on 13 June 2019 to audit the financial statements for the 52 week period ending  

27 December 2019 and subsequent financial periods.  

• The period of total uninterrupted engagement including previous renewals and reappointments is six years, covering the 

periods ending 26 December 2014 to 27 December 2019. 

• The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the group or the parent company and we 

remain independent of the group and the parent company in conducting the audit. 

The audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee. 

Use of our report 
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to 
state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or 
for the opinions we have formed.  

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Adrian Roberts (Senior statutory auditor) 
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Birmingham 

11 March 2020 

Notes: 

1. The maintenance and integrity of the Dignity plc website is the responsibility of the directors; the work carried out by the auditors does not involve consideration of these 
matters and, accordingly, the auditors accept no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements since they were initially presented on  
the website. 

2. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
104  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Consolidated income statement 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Note                                  £m                                  £m 

Revenue                                                                                                                                                                         3                338.9                353.7 
Cost of sales                                                                                                                                                                                   (161.7)              (158.9) 

Gross profit                                                                                                                                                                                    177.2                194.8 
Administrative expenses                                                                                                                                                             (132.4)              (118.9) 

Operating profit                                                                                                                                                          3                  44.8                   75.9 
Finance costs                                                                                                                                                                 4                          (25.8)                (26.0) 
Finance income                                                                                                                                                             4                               0.2                     0.2 
Share of loss and impairment in respect of associated undertakings                                                           11                             (6.0)                       – 
Deferred revenue significant financing                                                                                                                   4                          (54.1)                (53.3) 
Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income                                                 4                            85.0                  (14.8) 

Profit/(loss) before tax                                                                                                                                             5                  44.1                  (18.0) 
Taxation                                                                                                                                                                           6                   (9.2)                    1.0 

Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to equity shareholders                                                              3                  34.9                  (17.0) 

Earnings/(loss) per share for profit attributable to equity shareholders  
– Basic (pence)                                                                                                                                                               8                        69.8p               (34.0)p 
– Diluted (pence)                                                                                                                                                           8                        69.8p               (34.0)p 

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to the impact of the adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers, in addition to the impact of the change in accounting policy in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. See note 1 
for further details.  

The alternative performance measures included within the Annual Report present information on a comparable basis with  
that presented in prior periods.  

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income  
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   52 week period           52 week period  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Note                                  £m                                  £m 

Profit/(loss) for the period                                                                                                                                                          34.9                  (17.0) 
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss                                                                                                                     
Remeasurement loss on retirement benefit obligations                                                                                  29                             (1.8)                   (0.6) 
Tax credit on remeasurement on retirement benefit obligations                                                                                          0.3                     0.1 

Other comprehensive loss                                                                                                                                                           (1.5)                   (0.5) 

Comprehensive income/(loss) for the period                                                                                                                      33.4                  (17.5) 

Attributable to:  
Equity shareholders of the parent                                                                                                                                               33.4                  (17.5) 

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to the impact of the adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers, in addition to the impact of the change in accounting policy in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. See note 1 
for further details.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated balance sheet 
as at 27 December 2019 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  105

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Note                                 £m                                  £m 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Goodwill                                                                                                                                                                          9                        232.6                232.6 
Intangible assets                                                                                                                                                           9                        140.5                152.3 
Property, plant and equipment                                                                                                                               10                        251.3                254.1 
Investments in associated undertakings                                                                                                              11                                     –                     6.0 
Financial and other assets                                                                                                                                        12                            18.2                   15.7 
Financial assets held by the Trusts                                                                                                                         13                        947.5                862.4 
Deferred commissions                                                                                                                                              19                            96.8                   94.5 
Deferred tax asset                                                                                                                                                      22                            14.0                   17.9 

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1,700.9             1,635.5 

Current assets 
Inventories                                                                                                                                                                    14                               7.9                     8.5 
Trade and other receivables                                                                                                                                     15                            32.4                   31.3 
Deferred commissions                                                                                                                                              19                               7.3                     7.1 

Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group                                                                                                                              57.9                   66.9 
Cash and cash equivalents – held by the Trusts                                                                                                                       15.5                   13.8 

Cash and cash equivalents                                                                                                                                       16                            73.4                   80.7 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            121.0                127.6 

Total assets                                                                                                                                                                                 1,821.9             1,763.1 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Financial liabilities                                                                                                                                                       17                               9.6                     9.3 
Trade and other payables                                                                                                                                         18                            61.6                   66.8 
Current tax liabilities                                                                                                                                                                          1.7                     4.8 
Contract liabilities                                                                                                                                                        19                            95.5                   91.5 
Provisions for liabilities                                                                                                                                              21                               2.0                     1.4 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            170.4                173.8 

Non-current liabilities 
Financial liabilities                                                                                                                                                       17                        542.3                551.9 
Other non-current liabilities                                                                                                                                     18                               2.0                     2.1 
Contract liabilities                                                                                                                                                        19                   1,209.1             1,164.6 
Provisions for liabilities                                                                                                                                              21                               9.3                     9.4 
Retirement benefit obligation                                                                                                                                  29                            26.0                   25.2 

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1,788.7             1,753.2 

Total liabilities                                                                                                                                                                           1,959.1             1,927.0 

Shareholders’ deficit 
Ordinary share capital                                                                                                                                               24                               6.2                     6.2 
Share premium account                                                                                                                                                                 12.5                   12.4 
Capital redemption reserve                                                                                                                                                         141.7                141.7 
Other reserves                                                                                                                                                                                   (4.0)                   (5.1) 
Retained earnings                                                                                                                                                                         (293.6)              (319.1) 

Total deficit                                                                                                                                                                                   (137.2)              (163.9) 

Total deficit and liabilities                                                                                                                                                     1,821.9             1,763.1 

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to the impact of the adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers, in addition to the impact of the change in accounting policy in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. See note 1 
for further details.  

The alternative performance measures included within the Group’s consolidated financial statements present information on  
a comparable basis. 

The financial statements on pages 104 to 154 were approved by the Board of Directors on 11 March 2020 and were signed on its 
behalf by: 

M K McCollum                         S L Whittern 
Chief Executive                         Finance Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
106  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

                                                                                                                                              Ordinary                             Share                          Capital                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                                     share                     premium                redemption                             Other                      Retained                              Total 
                                                                                                                                                   capital                        account                         reserve                        reserves                      earnings                           equity 
                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Shareholders’ equity as at 29 December 2017 –  
 as originally presented                                                       6.2                   11.1                141.7                    (4.6)              (108.0)                  46.4 
Adjustment on change in accounting 
 policy and adoption of IFRS 15 (note 35)                           –                         –                         –                         –               (181.4)              (181.4) 

Shareholders’ equity as at 
 29 December 2017 – restated                                          6.2                   11.1                141.7                    (4.6)              (289.4)              (135.0) 
Loss for the 52 weeks ended 
 28 December 2018 – restated                                              –                         –                         –                         –                 (17.0)                (17.0) 
Remeasurement loss on defined 
 benefit obligations                                                                  –                         –                         –                         –                    (0.6)                   (0.6) 
Tax on retirement benefit obligations                                    –                         –                         –                         –                     0.1                     0.1 

Total comprehensive loss – restated                                      –                         –                         –                         –                 (17.5)                (17.5) 
Effects of employee share options                                          –                         –                         –                     0.8                        –                     0.8 
Proceeds from share issue(1)                                                     –                     1.3                         –                         –                        –                     1.3 
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust                                                 –                         –                         –                    (1.3)                       –                    (1.3) 
Dividends (note 7)                                                                       –                         –                         –                         –                 (12.2)                (12.2) 

Shareholders’ equity as at  
 28 December 2018 – restated                                          6.2                   12.4                141.7                    (5.1)              (319.1)              (163.9) 
Profit for the 52 weeks ended 
 27 December 2019                                                                 –                         –                         –                         –                  34.9                   34.9 
Remeasurement loss on retirement  
 benefit obligations                                                                  –                         –                         –                         –                    (1.8)                   (1.8) 
Tax on retirement benefit obligations                                    –                         –                         –                         –                     0.3                     0.3 

Total comprehensive income                                                   –                         –                         –                         –                  33.4                   33.4 
Effects of employee share options                                          –                         –                         –                     1.1                        –                     1.1 
Tax on employee share options                                               –                         –                         –                     0.1                        –                     0.1 
Proceeds from share issue(2)                                                     –                     0.1                         –                         –                        –                     0.1 
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust                                                 –                         –                         –                    (0.1)                       –                    (0.1) 
Dividends (note 7)                                                                       –                         –                         –                         –                    (7.9)                   (7.9) 

Shareholders’ equity as at 27 December 2019           6.2                   12.5                141.7                    (4.0)             (293.6)              (137.2) 

(1)     Relating to issue of 77,038 shares under 2015 LTIP scheme.  

(2)     Relating to issue of 3,455 shares under 2016 DAB scheme. 

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to the impact of the adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers, in addition to the impact of the change in accounting policy in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. See note 1 
for further details.  

The above amounts relate to transactions with owners of the Company except for the items reported within total 
comprehensive income. 

Capital redemption reserve 
The capital redemption reserve represents £80,002,465 B Shares that were issued on 2 August 2006 and redeemed for cash  
on the same day, £19,274,610 B Shares that were issued on 10 October 2010 and redeemed for cash on 11 October 2010, and 
£22,263,112 B Shares that were issued on 12 August 2013 and redeemed for cash on 20 August 2013 and £20,154,070 B Shares 
that were issued and redeemed for cash in November 2014.  

Other reserves 
Other reserves includes movements relating to the Group’s SAYE and LTIP schemes and associated deferred tax, together with  
a £12.3 million merger reserve. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  107

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Note                                 £m                                  £m 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash generated from operations                                                                                                                            27                  64.6                104.2 
Finance income received                                                                                                                                                                  0.3                     0.2 

Finance costs paid                                                                                                                                                                           (25.0)                (13.1) 
Transfer from restricted bank accounts for finance costs                                                                                                      12.3                     0.3 
Payments to restricted bank accounts for finance costs                                                                                  16                 (12.1)                (12.3) 

Total payments in respect of finance costs                                                                                                                               (24.8)                (25.1) 
Tax paid                                                                                                                                                                                                (7.9)                (11.6) 

Net cash generated from operating activities                                                                                                                    32.2                   67.7 

Cash flows from investing activities                                                                
Investment in associated undertakings                                                                                                                                            –                    (5.0) 
Acquisition of subsidiaries and businesses (net of cash acquired)                                                                                            –                    (6.5) 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment                                                                                                             2.1                     0.4 

Maintenance capital expenditure(1)                                                                                                                                               (9.8)                (16.1) 
Branch relocations                                                                                                                                                                            (1.1)                   (0.8) 
Transformation capital expenditure                                                                                                                                             (1.7)                       – 
Satellite locations                                                                                                                                                                               (0.3)                   (1.4) 
Development of new crematoria and cemeteries                                                                                                                    (5.4)                   (6.7) 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets                                                                                   (18.3)                (25.0) 

Purchase of financial assets (by the Trusts)                                                                                                          13                      (736.1)              (625.5) 
Disposals of financial assets (by the Trusts)                                                                                                         13                        726.6                604.8 
Realised return on financial assets                                                                                                                                                 3.6                     3.4 

Net cash used in investing activities                                                                                                                                     (22.1)                (53.4) 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Payments due under Secured Notes                                                                                                                                            (9.3)                   (4.5) 
Transfer from restricted bank accounts for repayment of borrowings                                                                                 4.6                         – 
Payments to restricted bank accounts for repayment of borrowings                                                           16                             (4.8)                   (4.6) 

Total payments in respect of borrowings                                                                                                                                    (9.5)                   (9.1) 
Dividends paid to shareholders on Ordinary Shares                                                                                          7                             (7.9)                (12.2) 

Net cash used in financing activities                                                                                                                                     (17.4)                (21.3) 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents                                                                                                                          (7.3)                   (7.0) 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period                                                                                                    63.8                   70.8 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period                                                                                   16                            56.5                   63.8 
Restricted cash                                                                                                                                                            16                  16.9                   16.9 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period as reported in the  
 consolidated balance sheet                                                                                                                              16                            73.4                   80.7 

(1)     Maintenance capital expenditure includes vehicle replacement programme, improvements to locations and purchases of other tangible and intangible assets. 

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to the impact of the adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers, in addition to the impact of the change in accounting policy in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. See note 1 
for further details.  

 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
108  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

1 Accounting policies  

The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have 
been consistently applied to all periods presented, unless otherwise stated. 

Basis of preparation 
European law requires that the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019  
are prepared in accordance with all applicable International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRSs’), as adopted by the European 
Union. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, International Financial Reporting Interpretations 
Committee (‘IFRIC’) interpretations (as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board) and those parts of the 
Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS.  

In the current period, the Group’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week period ended 27 
December 2019. For the comparative period, the Group’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week 
period ended 28 December 2018. 

The Group’s consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and have been prepared under the 
historical cost convention. 

Preparation of financial statements 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards requires management  
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. This will also affect the disclosure 
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses 
during the reported period. Actual results may differ from those estimates. 

Terminology: 
Trusts refers to The National Funeral Trust and the Trust for Age UK Funeral Plans considered for accounting purposes to be 
controlled and therefore included in the consolidated financial statements of Dignity plc. 

Trading Group refers to Dignity plc and its subsidiaries excluding the Trusts. Trading Group therefore represents what would have 
been described as the ‘Dignity plc Group’ or ‘Group’ in previous annual reports. 

Group or Dignity plc Group refers to Dignity plc, including its subsidiaries and the Trusts. 

Basis of consolidation 
The financial statements are presented in the form of Group financial statements. The Group financial statements consolidate 
the accounts of the Company and the entities controlled by the Company (including all of its subsidiary entities) after eliminating 
internal transactions. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with 
the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee.  

Results of subsidiary undertakings acquired during a period are included from the effective date of control using the acquisition 
method of accounting. The separable net assets, both tangible and intangible, of newly acquired subsidiary undertakings are 
incorporated into the financial statements on the basis of the fair value to the Group as at the effective date of control. 

Change in accounting policy 
As explained further below, the Group has revisited the judgement regarding the extent of its control over the Trusts and as  
a result has revised its accounting policy to reflect the consolidation of the two principal pre-need trusts.  

As a result of consolidating the Trusts, the Group has applied new accounting policies in respect of the recognition and 
measurement of the financial assets held by the Trusts and extended its revenue recognition policies to consider deferred 
revenue received from plan holders, refund liabilities and income received from plan holders under payment plans. The 
application of IFRS 15 to the Group as enlarged by the consolidation of the Trusts has also resulted in a change in the presentation 
of revenue and costs related to disbursements associated with pre-need plans and pre-need plans ultimately performed by  
non-Dignity funeral directors from an agent basis to a principal basis. This revision reflects the fact that, under IFRS 15, the  
Group controls the delivery of pre-need plans, including disbursements, and those plans where the funeral service is delivered 
by third parties.  

Prior period comparatives have been restated to reflect the above change in accounting policy and the impact of IFRS 15.  
A reconciliation from the reported prior period comparatives has been provided in note 35 together with the third balance  
sheet required to be disclosed in support of the prior year adjustment.  

Investments in associated undertakings 
An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the 
financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but it is not control or joint control over those policies.  

 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  109

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

The Group’s investment in an associate is accounted for using the equity method. The investment is initially recorded at cost and 
the carrying amount is adjusted to recognise changes in the Group’s share of net assets of the associate since the acquisition 
date. Goodwill relating to the associate is included in the carrying amount of the investment. The consolidated income statement 
reflects the Group’s share of the results of the associate.  

The financial statements of the associate are prepared for the same reporting period as the Group. The Group aligns accounting 
policies and makes adjustments where necessary prior to recognising their share in the financial statements. 

At each reporting date the Group performs a review to assess whether there is any objective evidence that the investment in  
the associate is impaired. Where such evidence exists the recoverable amount of the investment is determined by calculating  
its value in use. This recoverable amount is compared to the carrying amount of the investment and to the extent that the 
recoverable amount exceeds the carrying value of the investment, an impairment is recognised accordingly. Any impairment is 
recognised within ‘Share of loss and impairment in respect of associated undertakings’ in the consolidated income statement.  

Alternative performance measures (APMs) 
The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, APMs  
are necessary to enable users of the financial statements to fully understand the trading performance and financial position of 
the Group. The APMs provided are aligned with those used in the day-to-day management of the Group and allow for greater 
comparability across periods. For this reason, the APMs provided exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts and the changes 
which relate to the adoption of IFRS 15, both of which are considered to mask the underlying trading performance of the Group, 
as well as non-underlying items comprising certain non-recurring and non-trading transactions. See financial review on page 43 
and alternative performance measures on page 167 for further information.  

Revenue 

At-need funerals and cremations 
Revenue from funeral operations related to at-need funerals comprises the amount recoverable from customers for the provision 
of funerals, income from crematoria and other services, once those services have been performed or the goods supplied.  

Income from memorial sales is recognised at the point of sale, to the extent that the goods have been supplied. Costs of 
maintaining memorials are recognised as incurred. 

The Group pays certain disbursements (such as crematoria fees, burial plots, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees) on behalf of its 
clients. These amounts are recovered as part of the invoicing process. However, these amounts are not included within net 
revenues as they are simply passed on to the customer (plan holder) at cost and not controlled by Dignity. 

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All amounts are exclusive of VAT. 

Pre-arranged funeral plans   

Trust for Age UK Plans and National Funeral Trust  
The Group markets and sells pre-arranged funeral plans, with monies received from selling funeral plans being held, invested 
and controlled by the Trusts. The responsibility for the ultimate performance of funerals is allocated to funeral directors, who  
are selected by the beneficiary of the plan, some of whom are not owned by the Group. The sale of a pre-arranged plan is 
considered to have a single performance obligation, fulfilled by the delivery of the funeral service.  

Amounts received from plan holders are deferred on the balance sheet within contract liabilities until the related funeral is 
performed or the plan cancelled. Where, based on historic experience, the Group expects that a proportion of plans will be 
cancelled, the deferral takes the form of a refund liability which, under the terms of the plan, is held based on the fixed amount 
received on inception of the plan. For the majority of plans where the service as per the funeral plan is expected to be 
performed, the deferred amount is subject to adjustment to reflect a significant financing component.  

This significant financing component, which has been calculated based on the expected discount rate that would be reflected  
in a separate financing transaction between the Group and the plan holder at contract inception, is charged to the income 
statement as a finance cost each period until the performance obligation is satisfied. The discount rate applied is fixed at 
inception of each plan and is based on the estimated incremental borrowing rate of the Group at the time of each cash flow.  
See also critical accounting judgements on page 116 for the approach taken on initial application to consolidate the Trusts. 

The amount deferred on the balance sheet includes amounts paid by the plan holder, which, in addition to the plan consideration 
includes amounts in respect of disbursements (such as crematoria fees, burial plots, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees). When the 
service prescribed by the plan is delivered, revenue is recognised equal to the deferred revenue balance related to the specific 
plan. When a plan is cancelled, revenue is recognised equal to the deferred revenue balance related to the specific plan, less the 
fixed refund due to the plan holder.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
110  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Trust for Age UK Plans and National Funeral Trust (continued) 
All directly attributable costs in respect of the marketing of the pre-arranged funeral plans are held as deferred commissions in 
the consolidated balance sheet and recognised in the Group’s consolidated income statement, within administration expenses,  
on the performance of a funeral (single performance obligation) or cancellation of the plan (if not refunded). 

Contract liabilities and deferred commissions balances are split between current and non-current based on historical experience.  

All costs in respect of the administration of the pre-arranged funeral plans are expensed in the Group’s consolidated income 
statement as incurred, within the funeral services segment.  

Dignity, through its marketing subsidiary companies, contractually guarantees with the holder of a pre-arranged funeral plan 
that (i) if the plan holder chooses to cancel their selected funeral plan, a full refund will be made to them of all monies paid in 
respect thereof (less in certain cases an administration fee payable to the relevant Dignity marketing company); (ii) the funeral 
director’s services (as selected by the plan holder) will be provided regardless of price rises in the future; and (iii) for the majority 
of plans sold, specific disbursements (such as crematoria fees, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees) will be provided regardless of 
price rises in the future. 

Other trust plans 
Revenue in respect of funeral services subject to pre-need plan arrangements associated with the other trusts is recognised  
on delivery of the underlying service at the amount paid from the other trust to the Group. 

Insurance plans 
The Group is the named beneficiary on a number of life assurance products sold by third party insurance companies, in 
consideration for which the Group has committed to performing the funeral (including some disbursements) of the plan holder 
at a discount to its rates prevailing at the time of death. 

Where a commission is paid to the insurers, these costs are carried as a prepayment and charged to the consolidated income 
statement as a funeral is performed.  

Where a commission is payable only on delivery of the funeral no amounts are recorded until the funeral is performed. 

In the event of the death of the policyholder, if the Group performs the funeral, it receives an agreed amount from the insurers 
which is recognised as revenue within the funeral services division. On occasions a third party will perform the funeral and the 
Group will pass on all monies received to that party and in this situation the Group is deemed to be acting as an agent and 
revenue is treated as pass through revenue and not grossed up within the consolidated income statement. 

Share-based payments 
The Group issues equity settled share-based payments to certain employees. A fair value for the equity settled share awards  
is measured at the date of grant. Management measures the fair value using the valuation technique that they consider to  
be the most appropriate to value each class of award, which include Black-Scholes calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.  
The valuations take into account factors such as non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. 

An expense is recognised to spread the fair value of each award over the vesting period on a straight line basis, after allowing  
for an estimate of the share awards that will eventually not vest. The estimate of the level of vesting is reviewed at least annually, 
with any impact on the cumulative charge being recognised immediately. When the options are exercised the Company issues 
new shares. 

Earnings per Ordinary Share 
Basic Earnings per Ordinary Share (‘EPS’) is calculated by dividing the profit after taxation by the weighted average number  
of shares in issue during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing profit after taxation by the weighted average number  
of shares in issue during the period increased by the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary Shares (primarily share options). 
Underlying Earnings per Ordinary Share is calculated by dividing the underlying profit after tax by the weighted average  
number of shares in issue during the period. 

Fair value measurement 
The Group measures financial assets held by the Trusts at fair value and discloses fair values for all other financial assets and 
liabilities at each balance sheet date which are held at amortised cost.  

Fair value related disclosures are set out in note 23 in respect of financial instruments.  

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability measured using the assumptions that 
market participants would use.  

The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available to 
measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and where required the use of unobservable inputs.  

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  111

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1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Intangible assets – goodwill 
Goodwill, which represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration paid for subsidiaries and other businesses over  
the fair values of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed, is capitalised and stated at historical cost less provisions  
for impairment. 

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purpose of impairment testing. The businesses and subsidiaries acquired 
are generally combined with existing operations in the year of acquisition, or the year thereafter and are therefore only 
considered to be separate cash-generating units during this time. 

Intangible assets – trade names  
Intangible trade names are recognised as assets at the estimated fair value of the consideration paid to acquire them and are 
carried at historical cost less amortisation and provisions for impairment. When acquired as part of a business combination the 
fair value is calculated by reference to the estimated incremental cash flows expected to arise by virtue of the trade name being 
well-established. 

Amortisation is provided from the date of acquisition so as to write-off the asset on a straight line basis over the term of its 
useful life. The useful life for trade names is 35 years.  

Intangible assets – software 
Where computer software is not an integral part of a related item of computer hardware, the software is treated as an intangible 
asset. Acquired computer software licences are capitalised on the basis of costs incurred to acquire and bring into use the 
specific software. 

An internally generated intangible asset arising from the Group’s development of computer systems (including websites) is 
recognised if, and only if, the costs are directly associated with the production of identifiable and unique software products, 
controlled by the Group and it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Group.  

Costs recognised as assets are amortised over their estimated useful lives (three to eight years) using the straight line method. 

Intangible assets – use of third party brand name 
The Group has a marketing agreement with Age UK Enterprises Limited, giving rights to market pre-arranged funeral plans 
under the Age UK brand. The value of this right has been recognised as a separate intangible asset. 

This asset is being amortised over 20 years on a straight line basis, recognising that each year’s additional marketing activity 
generates incremental revenues and profits to the Group for at least the following 20 years. 

Intangible assets – other 
The Group previously acquired interests in two crematoria subject to finite periods of operation (by way of lease and/or service 
concession). The fair value of these interests has been identified and recognised as a separate intangible asset. The value of each 
interest is being amortised over the remaining period of operation. 

Property, plant and equipment  
Assets are recorded in the balance sheet at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recognised impairment loss. Cost 
includes, where appropriate, directly attributable costs incurred in bringing each asset to its present location and condition. 

Depreciation is charged so as to write-off the cost of assets to their residual value (excluding freehold land and assets in the 
course of construction), over their expected useful lives using the straight line method. The bases and annual depreciation rates 
in use for the various classes of assets are as follows: 

Freehold and long leasehold buildings                                                                                                                                                        2% – 10%  
Short leasehold buildings                                                                                                                                                               Over term of lease 
Motor vehicles                                                                                                                                                                                                    7% – 20% 
Computers                                                                                                                                                                                                                    20%  
Other plant and equipment                                                                                                                                                                            5% – 33%  
Fixtures and fittings                                                                                                                                                                                                    15% 

Freehold land is not depreciated on the basis that land has an indefinite life. Where the historical cost of land and buildings 
cannot be split, the Directors have estimated that the historical cost attributable to land is one third (based on historical data)  
of the original cost of acquiring the land and buildings. This estimate is regularly reviewed. 

Major renovations of the Group’s trading premises and cremator re-linings are depreciated over the remaining life of the related 
asset or to the estimated date of the next major renovation or cremator re-lining, whichever is sooner. Asset lives and residual 
values for each class of asset are reviewed annually and adjusted if appropriate at each balance sheet date. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
112  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Assets in the course of construction are shown as work in progress at a value equal to costs incurred to date. Once completed, 
they are reclassified and depreciated using the Group’s depreciation policy above. 

Borrowing costs 
If the construction phase of property, plant or equipment extends over a long period, the interest incurred on borrowed capital 
up to the date of completion is capitalised as part of cost of construction as permitted by IAS 23 (Borrowing Costs). 

Repairs and renewals 
All repairs and renewals are charged to the income statement unless they represent an enhancement to the original asset. 

Property, plant and equipment held under leases 
When assets are financed by leasing agreements, where the risks and rewards are substantially transferred to the Group, the 
assets are treated as if they had been purchased outright and the corresponding liability to the lessor is included as an obligation 
under finance leases. Depreciation on leased assets is charged to the income statement on the same basis as owned assets. 
Leasing payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements such that the interest element is charged to the 
income statement so as to achieve a constant rate on the outstanding lease obligation. 

All other leases are ‘operating leases’ and the relevant annual rentals, net of any incentives received from the lessor, are charged 
to the income statement on a straight line basis over the period of the lease.  

Profit (or loss) on sale of fixed assets 
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised within 
profit (or loss) on sale of fixed assets in the income statement. 

Impairment of assets 
The carrying values of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment in periods where events 
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Assets that have an indefinite useful life 
(e.g. goodwill) which are not subject to amortisation are tested annually for impairment.  

Where an asset does not generate cash flows that are independent from other assets, the Group estimates the recoverable 
amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. For goodwill this is considered at a business segment level as 
that is the level at which the return on assets acquired is monitored. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs  
to sell and value- in-use. In assessing value-in-use, the estimated future discounted cash flows of the cash-generating unit are 
estimated, based on latest management expectations for the following year and an annual growth rate in subsequent years. 
These cash flows are discounted at rates that management estimate to be the risk affected average cost of capital for the 
particular segment and compared to the carrying value of the relevant asset. Any impairment in the value of an asset below its 
carrying value is charged to the income statement within operating profit. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in the 
income statement to the extent that the original loss was recognised, net of the amortisation or depreciation that would have 
been charged. Any impairment loss recognised for goodwill will not be reversed.  

Inventories 
Inventories, which comprise funeral supplies and monumental masonry, are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. 
Cost includes all directly attributable costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition. Net realisable 
value is based on estimated selling price less any further costs expected to be incurred in completion and sale. 

Taxation 
The tax charge for the period includes the charge for tax currently payable and deferred tax. The current tax charge represents 
the estimated amount due that arises from the operations of the Group in the period and after making adjustments to 
estimates in respect of prior years.  

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial 
statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, except where the temporary difference 
arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a 
transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset to 
generate a net asset or liability if the conditions of IAS 12 are met. 

A net deferred tax asset is regarded as recoverable and therefore recognised only when, on the basis of all available evidence, it 
can be regarded as more likely than not that there will be suitable taxable profits from which the future reversal of the deductible 
temporary difference can be utilised. 

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which the temporary differences are 
expected to reverse, based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted, by the balance sheet date.  

 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  113

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1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Pensions  
The liability recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined 
benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated 
annually by independent actuaries.  

The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using 
interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension 
obligation.  

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or 
credited to retained earnings in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. 

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments, curtailments or one off 
adjustments such as GMP equalisation are recognised immediately in the consolidated income statement as a past service cost.  

Provisions 
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, where it is 
probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and where a reliable estimate can be made 
of the amount of the obligation. 

Provisions (other than deferred tax) are discounted where the present value of the provision is materially different to the 
undiscounted value. The unwinding of discounts is included within finance costs. 

Employee share trust  
The assets of the employee share trust are held by a separate limited company, of which the Directors consider that Dignity plc 
has de facto control. At the balance sheet date, the trust’s assets and liabilities recognised in the Group’s balance sheet within 
share capital and reserves were nil (2018: nil). 

Dividends 
Dividend distributions to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the financial statements in the period in 
which they are approved by the Company’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recorded in the financial statements when paid. 

Financial instruments: 

Financial liabilities    
Borrowings 
All borrowings are stated at the fair value of consideration received after deduction of transaction costs and subsequently at 
amortised cost. The transaction costs, interest payable and premium on debt finance are charged/credited to the consolidated 
income statement, as finance costs/income, on a constant-yield basis over the term of the borrowings, or over a shorter period 
where it is more likely than not that the lender will require earlier repayment, using the effective interest method. 

Trade payables 
Trade payables are not interest bearing and are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

Financial assets 
Financial assets are classified at initial recognition, and subsequently measured at, amortised cost, at fair value through other 
comprehensive income or fair value through profit and loss. 

Initial Recognition & Measurement  
The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset’s contractual cash flow characteristics 
and the Group’s business model for managing them.  

All investments held by the Trusts are held at fair value with movements reflected through profit and loss to ensure clarity for  
a user of the financial statements. This is because the Trusts objective of holding these investments is not to collect contractual 
cash flows or to sell financial assets but to focus on the fair value information to assess performance and make investment 
decisions.  

All other financial assets (including trade receivables) are held at amortised cost as these assets give rise to cash flows that are 
solely payments of principal and, where applicable, interest on the principal amount and it is the Group’s business model to 
collect the contractual cash flows.  

The majority of the Group’s trade receivables do not contain a significant financing component and are measured at the 
transaction price determined under IFRS 15. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
114  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Subsequent Measurement 
Financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss are carried in the consolidated balance sheet at fair value with net 
changes in fair value recognised in the income statement. 

Financial assets held at amortised cost are subsequently measured using the effective interest rate (EIR) method and are subject  
to impairment. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised, modified or impaired. 

Derecognition 
A financial asset is derecognised when the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Group has transferred 
its rights to receive cash flows from the asset and has either transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset or  
has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risk and rewards of the asset but has transferred control of the asset. 

Impairment 
The Group recognises an allowance for expected credit losses (‘ECLs’) for all debt instruments not held at fair value through profit 
or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the 
cash flows that the Group expects to receive.  

For trade receivables, the Group applies a simplified approach in calculating ECLs. Therefore, the Group does not track changes 
in credit risk, but instead recognises a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date. The Group has established  
a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for identifiable forward-looking factors specific  
to the debtors and the economic environment. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and on demand deposits and amounts included in accounts restricted for 
specific uses. Cash and cash equivalents have an original maturity of three months or less, are subject to insignificant changes  
in value and are readily convertible into known amounts. 

Trade receivables – accounting policy applied on and before 28 December 2018 
Trade and other receivables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost. A provision for 
impairment is established based on historical experience. When a trade receivable is not collectable it is written-off against the 
allowance account. Subsequent recovery of amounts previously written-off are credited against administrative expenses in the 
income statement. 

Equity instruments 
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its 
liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct transaction costs.  

Critical accounting judgements 
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates, assumptions and 
judgements in certain circumstances that affect reported amounts. The key judgements affecting the financial statements are 
detailed below: 

Consolidation of pre-need trusts 
The Group markets and sells pre-arranged funeral plans, with monies received from selling funeral plans being held  
and invested by pre-arranged funeral plan trusts. These financial statements reflect the consolidation of the two principal  
pre-arranged funeral plan trusts being the Trust for Age UK Plans and the National Funeral Trust (together the ‘Trusts’).  
The previous principle of non-consolidation, which was established many years ago, was reconsidered in 2015 following the 
introduction of IFRS 10 and is reconsidered annually to determine if there are any circumstances which would change the 
previous determination. 

IFRS 10 built on existing principles by identifying the concept of control as the determining factor on whether an entity should  
be included in the consolidated financial statements of the parent company. In order to have control, IFRS 10 requires a parent 
company to have power over the investee, an exposure to variable returns because of its involvement in the investee and the 
ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the variable returns. 

The decision as to whether to consolidate these trusts is a matter of significant judgement in respect of which the Group  
believes that informed individuals could reach alternative conclusions. Notably, during the period prior to the preparation of 
these financial statements, the Group has been in discussion with the Financial Reporting Council (‘FRC’), regarding the matter 
and the extent to which the Group is able to affect its variable returns through power over the trustees, principally through its 
power to appoint and remove trustees.  

 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  115

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

The Group previously concluded that the legislative requirement for a majority of trustees to be unconnected with Dignity  
meant that Dignity did not, and could not, control the actions of the trustees. Combined with the judgement that ultimately 
Dignity’s return from the Trusts was wholly dependent on the investment performance of the Trusts and that the investment 
strategy of the Trusts was set, implemented and monitored by the trustees, Dignity previously concluded that it did not have  
the power to affect the amounts of its returns, that it did not control the Trusts and therefore that the Trusts should not  
be consolidated. 

Upon re-examination of the factors that influence that decision, following the latest discussions with the FRC, the Group has 
concluded as part of its current year consideration of the recurring judgement that more weight should be attributed to its ability 
to appoint and remove trustees and less to the legislative requirement for a majority of trustees to be unconnected with Dignity. 
As a result, the Group has reached a revised judgement, the basis of which is summarised below, that it does have control as 
defined by IFRS 10 and should consolidate those pre-arranged funeral plan trusts where it has the ability to appoint and  
remove trustees. 

Therefore, the Group has made a change in accounting policy, which has been reflected in these financial statements as a prior 
period restatement, full details of which are given in note 35.  

Whether to consolidate the Trusts or not remains a key judgement and the basis of this judgement reflected in these financial 
statements is summarised in the table below. The table relates solely to the two principal trusts which are consolidated and for 
the purpose of the table, ‘Dignity’ refers to the Group excluding the Trusts. 

IFRS 10 consideration                                                                Analysis 
Power over the investee. Power arises when the 
investor has existing rights that give them the ability 
to direct the relevant activities of the investee, being 
those activities which influence the returns achieved 
by the investee. 

Whilst Dignity has no voting rights over the Trusts or any rights to  
direct the activities of the Trusts, it does have the power to appoint and 
remove a majority of trustees. Whilst legislation requires the majority  
of trustees to be unconnected with Dignity this right does not prevent 
Dignity removing a majority of the trustees from office such that on 
balance it is considered that Dignity is able to control the actions of the 
Trustees who in turn control the investment decisions of the Trusts  
and negotiate with Dignity the marketing allowance paid to Dignity on 
behalf of the Trust. Also, Dignity controls the charge levied to the Trusts 
for the provision of funeral services (‘funeral cover’). 

The investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable 
returns from its involvement with the investee. 

Dignity receives an allowance for the marketing of the plans and for the 
performance of a funeral. From time to time Dignity may receive a 
surplus from the Trusts. 

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The investor has the ability to use its power over the 
investee to affect the amount of the investor’s 
returns. 

The extent of the marketing allowance establishes the amount to be 
held in Trust on which investment returns can be made. 

Ultimately Dignity’s return is wholly dependent on the amounts held for 
investment in the Trusts and the investment performance of the Trusts. 

Dignity establishes the level of funeral cover and negotiates the level  
of marketing allowance with the Trustees on an annual basis.  

The investment strategy is set, implemented and monitored by the 
Trustees. Consequently, as Dignity is on balance considered to control 
the actions of the Trustees, Dignity has the power to affect the amount 
of its returns. 

For other, smaller trusts from which Dignity receives funeral cover in the event that they deliver a funeral service, the judgement 
is that the Group has no power over the actions of the investee as Dignity does not have the ability to appoint or remove 
trustees. Further, as these trusts do not accept new plans and the level of funeral cover paid by these trusts is derived based on 
the value of trust assets and the number of remaining open funeral plans alone, Dignity has no wider ability to affect its variable 
returns from these trusts. Consequently, Dignity is unable to use its power to influence its variable returns, such that the Group 
is not considered to control these trusts and therefore these trusts are not consolidated. 

The FRC has confirmed that the matter is now closed. The FRC’s question was originally contained in a letter issued in respect  
of our 2017 Annual Report & Accounts. The FRC’s role is to consider compliance with reporting standards and is not to verify the 
information provided to them. Therefore, given the scope and inherent limitations of their review, which does not benefit from 
any detailed knowledge of the Group, it would not be appropriate to infer any assurance from their review that our 2017 Annual 
Report and Accounts was correct in all material respects. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
116  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Critical accounting judgements (continued) 

Deferred revenue and associated significant financing 
The significant financing component is based on estimates made in respect of the enlarged Group’s (to include the Trusts) 
incremental borrowing rate at the time of inception of each funeral plan. Once established the rate applied to a plan is fixed for 
the duration of the plan. Open plans date back a little over 30 years requiring rates to be estimated by assessing the historical 
corporate bond yields for a ten year bond with an equivalent credit rating to that of the Group (to include the Trusts), being the 
average approximation of time between the inception of the plan and the related performance obligation, over an extended 
period of time. A difference in these rates can have a material difference in the resulting deferred revenue balance. As at  
28 December 2017, being the opening balance sheet date of these financial statements (see note 35), if all rates applied to  
each funeral plan cash flow at inception decreased/increased by 50 basis points, then the deferred revenue balance would 
reduce/increase by £43.3 million/£46.0 million, respectively, compared to the deferred revenue balance recognised of £1,188.9 
million. Given the rates are fixed at inception, there is no further estimation uncertainty on these cash flows, and therefore  
no further sensitivity disclosures are applied as for more recent cash flows in respect of 2018 and 2019, the estimate of the 
Group’s (including the Trusts) incremental borrowing rate contains less estimation uncertainty. 

Critical accounting estimates  
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates, assumptions and 
judgements in certain circumstances that affect reported amounts. The most sensitive estimates affecting the financial 
statements are detailed below: 

Pensions  
The Group operates a defined benefit pension scheme that is accounted for using methods that rely on actuarial assumptions  
to estimate costs and liabilities for inclusion in the financial statements. These actuarial assumptions include discount rates, 
assumed rates of return, salary increases and mortality rates.  

While management believes that the actuarial assumptions are appropriate, any significant changes to those used would affect 
the consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of comprehensive income. The Group considers that the most 
significant assumptions are the discount rate and the inflation rate. See note 29 for further details. 

Funeral services goodwill impairment assessment 
Performing the annual impairment assessment for goodwill requires an estimation of the value-in-use of the cash generating 
units to which the goodwill has been allocated. The value-in-use calculation requires the use of estimates including those in 
respect of future cash flows, growth rates and an appropriate discount rate. See note 9 for further details.  

Trade name intangible assets impairment assessment 
An impairment assessment has been required on trade name intangible assets given the changes in the funeral market and the 
increase in the discount rate to be applied in determining their value-in-use. The value-in-use calculation also requires the use  
of other estimates including those in respect of future cash flows and growth rates. See note 9 for further details.  

Recoverable value of investments in associated undertakings 
The Group records its investment in Funeral Zone Limited (‘Funeral Zone’) as an associated undertaking. The ability to recover 
the carrying value of this investment is subject to uncertainty due to Funeral Zone being in its formative stages. Given ongoing 
losses recorded by Funeral Zone coupled with the going concern risk of the business, as noted in their most recent financial 
statements, the Group has fully provided against its investment. There are a number of potential outcomes over the next 12 
months which the Group can influence but not control, which could result in a reversal or part reversal of the provision against 
the investment.  

Fair value of financial assets 
As set out in note 23 some of the Group’s financial assets held by the Trusts are valued using inputs that are not based on 
observable data and therefore contain some estimates. This fair value information is provided by the investment manager 
engaged by the Trusts. The Group has no input to, or influence over, the valuation methodologies applied by the investment 
manager. See also note 23 on market risk.  

Contract liabilities 
Deferred revenue is split between current and non-current to reflect the expected number of plans to be utilised within the  
next 12 months. This is based on historical experience. Actual experience may differ due to factors such as death rate.  

The refund liability is split between current and non-current based on historical experience to reflect the expected number  
of plans to be cancelled within the next 12 months. Actual cancellation rates may differ.  

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  117

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1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Standards, amendments and interpretations effective in 2019 
The Group has applied IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and IFRS 9, Financial Instruments for the first time in 
the preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
A description of the nature and effect of transition to this standard is presented in note 35.  

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments – impact of adoption 
Due to the nature of the Group’s financial instruments there has been no material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial 
statements on the adoption of IFRS 9.  

Under IFRS 9 all financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on initial recognition, with the exception of certain trade 
receivables. Trade receivables that do not have a significant financing component are measured at their transaction price, being 
the invoice amount excluding sales tax. The Group has applied the practical expedient within the standard, as trade receivables 
(including at-need and pre-need) are expected to be settled in less than one year it can presume that all trade receivables do not 
contain a significant financing component. This represents a change in accounting policy. However, as the transaction price is not 
materially different to the fair value, this change in accounting policy has not had a material impact.  

IFRS 9 subsequently measures financial assets and liabilities at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income 
(‘FVOCI’) or fair value through profit and loss (‘FVTPL’). As all assets and liabilities with the exception of trust financial assets were 
measured at amortised cost under IAS 39 there is no change in accounting policy on adoption of IFRS 9.  

IFRS 9 establishes a new model for recognition and measurement of impairments for loans and receivables that are measured 
at amortised cost called the ‘expected credit losses’ model which replaces the IAS 39 incurred loss model. The Group has applied 
the expected credit loss model to its provisioning for at-need trade receivable balances using the simplified approach within the 
standard. This approach tracks trade receivable balances over an historic rolling 12 month period to create a provision matrix to 
be applied. This has not had a material impact and no transition adjustment has been recorded. 

Trade receivables in respect of the Trusts represent plan instalments receivable from pre-need plan members to the extent  
that these are due at the balance sheet date but not yet received. No impairment provision is held against these receivables on 
the basis that a separate refund liability is recorded for expected plan cancellations. All amounts outstanding to be paid under  
a member’s pre-need plan must be paid in full prior to the performance of the services under the plan.  

Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been  
early adopted  
The following standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards have been published that are mandatory for 
accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019 or later periods but which the Group has not early adopted: 

IFRS 16, Leases 
In its 2020 financial statements, the Group will adopt the requirements of IFRS 16, Leases, for the first time. The adoption of the 
standard will have a material impact on the Group’s primary financial statements, including impacts on operating profit, profit 
before tax, total assets and total liabilities. 

IFRS 16 is applicable for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. Due to the fact that the Group’s 2019 reporting 
period begins on 29 December 2018 the group will adopt IFRS 16 retrospectively for its 2020 reporting period beginning on  
28 December 2019. Comparatives for the 2019 reporting period will not be restated as permitted under the specific transition 
provisions in the standard. The reclassifications and the adjustments arising from the new leasing rules will therefore be 
recognised in the opening balance sheet on 28 December 2019. 

Lessee accounting 
Approximately 50 per cent of the Group’s properties are on lease terms that are currently accounted for as an operating lease 
under the principles of IAS 17, Leases. The minimum undiscounted lease commitment on these leases is disclosed in note 20 
and is approximately £228 million at the end of 2019. 

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group will recognise lease liabilities in relation to leases which had previously been classified as 
‘operating leases’. These liabilities will be measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using  
the Trading Group’s incremental borrowing rate (‘IBR’) as at 28 December 2019. The weighted average lessee’s IBR that will be 
applied to the lease liabilities on 28 December 2019 is 4.9 per cent, with a minimum rate of 3.6 per cent and a maximum rate  
of 6.8 per cent.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
118  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

1 Accounting policies (continued) 

IFRS 16, Leases (continued) 

The IBRs have been determined as follows:  

a)   We have derived rates based on corporate bond yields to maturity reflecting the Group’s indicative credit rating. In order to 
assess the Group’s IBRs we have considered yield curves at 28 December 2019 for similarly rated listed corporate bonds for 
durations aligned with the adjusted unexpired lease durations at 28 December 2019. 

b)   An asset/lease specific adjustment would then be applied, if needed, to reflect the nature of the lease collateral. Such an 

adjustment has not been required on transition and we have performed a high level cross check against other indicators  
of lease pricing to confirm this. Given the specialised nature of Group’s properties there are no direct property market 
benchmarks and therefore we have looked at retail, industrial and long income sub-sectors to obtain indicative  
references points. 

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group will recognise a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying leased asset  
and a corresponding lease liability for future lease payables for each operating lease in which the Group is a lessee on its 
consolidated balance sheet.  

Right-of-use assets will be measured at an amount equal to the lease liability, adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or accrued 
lease payments relating to that lease recognised in the balance sheet as at 28 December 2019. Furthermore, assets relating to 
finance leases held on the balance sheet at 27 December 2019 will be transferred into the right-of-use asset. 

The right-of-use asset will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease. Interest will be recognised on the  
lease liability, resulting in a higher interest expense in the earlier years of the lease term. The total expense recognised in the 
consolidated income statement over the life of the lease will be unaffected by the new standard, however, IFRS 16 will result in 
the timing of lease expense recognition being accelerated for leases which would be currently accounted for as operating leases. 

The lease term comprises the non-cancellable lease term, in addition to optional periods when the Group is reasonably certain 
to exercise an option to extend or not to terminate a lease. 

Impact of the new standard 
In order to estimate the impact on the Group’s opening consolidated balance sheet for the period ending 25 December 2020, 
the lease portfolio at transition date has been used, which would result in the recognition of right-of-use assets in the region  
of £95.0 million, with corresponding lease liabilities in the region of £94.0 million. 

Assuming no changes in the Group’s property portfolio, operating profit will increase by approximately £2.8 million and profit 
before tax will decrease by approximately £1.8 million for the period ending 25 December 2020 as the pre-IFRS 16 estimated 
rental charge is replaced by a higher depreciation and interest charge. The Group’s 2020 current tax charge will also reduce. 
However, there will be no impact on profit before tax or the Group’s current tax charge over the life of the lease portfolio.  

The cash flow statement will also change as finance costs paid will increase, tax paid will decrease and finance lease payments 
under financing activities will be incorporated. However, there will be no impact on the way the Group runs its business, and  
on a cash basis the group will pay out less cash due to the reduction in corporation tax.  

Deferred tax 
Due to the modified retrospective transition method being applied there will be negligible deferred tax implications on transition 
as the right-of-use asset equals the lease liability being recognised.  

Practical expedients applied 
In applying IFRS 16 for the first time, the Group will use the following practical expedients permitted by the standard: 

• applying a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics; 

• accounting for operating leases with a remaining lease term of less than 12 months from the date of initial application; and  

• using hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease. 

In addition, the Group has applied the low-value asset exemption on transition for existing lease contracts previously classified  
as operating leases for which the underlying asset rental is below £1,000 per annum.  

The above exemptions in relation to lease terms less than 12 months and low-value assets will also be applied on an ongoing basis.  

The Group has also elected not to reassess whether a contract is, or contains a lease at the date of initial application. Instead,  
for contracts entered into before the transition date the Group relied on its assessment made applying IAS 17 and Interpretation 
4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease.  

 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  119

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1 Accounting policies (continued) 

Other 
IFRS 17, Insurance Contracts. The standard is expected to be effective 1 January 2021 and will therefore impact on the Group’s 
2022 Annual Report. The new standard establishes principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure  
of insurance contracts within the scope of the standard. The Group is in the early stages of assessing whether the standard  
will have an impact in relating to its pre-need funeral plans.  

All other new accounting standards and interpretations that have been published are not effective for 27 December 2019 and 
have not been early adopted by the Group. These standards are not expected to have a material impact on the Group in the 
current or future reporting periods or on foreseeable future transactions.  

The Group’s securitisation documents contemplate accounting policy changes and provide a mechanism that ensure covenant 
calculations are not materially impacted to the detriment of either the Group or Noteholders. 

2 Financial risk management  

The Group finances its operations by a mixture of shareholders’ funds, Secured Notes and bank borrowings. This approach 
seeks to minimise financing costs and generate optimum shareholder value through efficient leveraging of the Group’s balance 
sheet, which is made possible by the stable and predictable cash-generative nature of the business. 

It is not the Group’s policy to actively trade in derivatives. 

Market risk  
Interest rate risk and other price risk 
The Group’s main borrowings consist of Secured Notes, which are at fixed interest rates, resulting in a predetermined repayment 
profile. The fair value of these financial instruments is based on underlying gilt prices and yield spreads based on the market’s 
current view of the risk profile of the Secured Notes. Consequently, the fair value of these instruments will fluctuate. Fair values 
are not relevant to the Group unless it was to change its funding strategy and repay the Secured Notes early.  

The Group has significant cash balances that are held by institutions with a long-term rating of at least BBB by Standard & Poor’s 
and BBB- by Fitch. These balances earn interest by reference to the Bank of England base rate. If interest rates reduced by one 
per cent at the beginning of 2020 then the Group would receive £0.1 million less interest income on an annualised basis for each 
£10.0 million held. 

The Trusts have trustees, the majority of whom are required by law to be unconnected to the Trading Group. The Trusts have 
separate professional advisers, meet regularly and operate an investment policy by reference to a statement of investment 
principles. The Trustees target a return of 1.5 to 2 per cent above RPI, subject to defined acceptable levels of absolute loss and 
risk of loss to the actuarial valuation. 

None of the Group’s other financial liabilities or financial assets carry any significant interest rate risk. 

Credit risk 
Trade receivables are the main source of credit risk to the Group. However, this risk is minimised as much as possible through 
well-established credit control procedures. Quantitative disclosures regarding the ageing of these receivables are included in 
note 23(c). 

Liquidity risk 
The Group manages its liquidity risk by maintaining sufficient cash reserves, committed undrawn borrowing facilities and regular 
monitoring and forecasting of cash balances. In addition, the Group is required under the terms of its secured borrowings to 
maintain a precisely defined EBITDA to total debt service ratio of at least 1.5 times in respect of the securitisation group, excluding 
the pre-need trusts. This ratio was determined when raising the debt as being sufficient to ensure all borrowings could be repaid. 
This covenant test has been satisfied on each quarterly testing date in the period. At 27 December 2019 the actual ratio was  
2.13 times (2018: 2.55 times).  

Capital risk management  
The Group’s objective under managing capital is to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to 
provide returns for shareholders and repay holders of Secured Notes. It also aims to reduce its cost of capital by maintaining an 
optimal capital structure. The Group’s capital comprises equity and net debt as set out in note 26. The Group’s principal source  
of long-term debt financing are the Secured A Notes, rated A- by both Fitch and Standard & Poor’s and the Secured B Notes 
rated BB+ and BB- respectively by Fitch and Standard & Poor’s. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
120  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

2 Financial risk management (continued)  

The Group monitors its capital structure based on the ratio of the Trading Group gross debt, as summarised in note 26, to 
underlying earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation.  

In order to achieve these objectives, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to 
shareholders, issue new shares or issue further Class A and B Secured Notes. 

During the period, the Group achieved its covenants for the Secured Notes under the terms of the Group’s secured borrowings 
(see ‘Liquidity risk’ above). 

3 Revenue and segmental analysis 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker 
who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments. The chief operating decision 
maker of the Group has been identified as the three Executive Directors. For statutory purposes the Group now has two 
reporting segments, funeral services and crematoria. This follows the adoption of IFRS 15, as a result of which the Group has 
concluded that only a single performance obligation exists when a pre-arranged funeral plan is sold, being the performance  
of a funeral. The Group also reports central overheads, which comprise unallocated central expenses.  

Revenue 
Funeral services relate to two primary sources of revenue, reflecting the adoption of IFRS 15 and the Group’s decision to change 
its accounting policy in respect of its pre-arranged funeral plan trusts: 

Funerals arranged and funded by the customer at the time of need, in addition to ancillary items, such as memorials and floral 
tributes; and 

Funerals arranged and funded by a pre-arranged Trust funeral plan, for which amounts recognised as revenue arise from the  
de-recognition of deferred revenue on completion of the related performance obligation. 

Crematoria services relate to cremation services and the sale of memorials and burial plots at the Dignity operated crematoria 
and cemeteries. 

Underlying revenue 
For the purpose of alternative performance measures the Group has three reporting segments, funeral services, crematoria  
and pre-arranged funeral plans as the chief operating decision maker reviews segmental performance before applying the  
effect of IFRS 15. 

Funeral services relate to the provision of funerals and ancillary items, such as memorials and floral tributes. 

Crematoria services relate to cremation services and the sale of memorials and burial plots at the Dignity operated crematoria 
and cemeteries. 

Pre-arranged funeral plans represent the sale of funerals in advance to customers wishing to make their own funeral 
arrangements and the marketing and administration costs associated with making such sales. 

Substantially all Group revenue is derived from, and substantially all of the Group’s net assets and liabilities are located in,  
the United Kingdom and Channel Islands and relates to services provided. Overseas transactions are not material. 

Underlying revenue and underlying operating profit are stated before non-underlying items and the effect of consolidation  
of the Trusts and IFRS 15 as defined on page 167.  

Reconciliations to statutory amounts 
Non-underlying items represent certain non-recurring or non-trading transactions. See alternative performance measures  
on page 167 for further details. 

Other adjustments reflect the impact of consolidating the Trusts and adopting IFRS 15. Underlying revenue substitutes revenue 
arising from the de-recognition of deferred revenue on completion of the related performance obligation, which includes the 
impact of significant financing as outlined in note 1, with the payments received from the Trusts on the death of a plan member, 
and recognises marketing allowances at the inception of a plan, net of an allowance for cancellations. Underlying revenue also 
excludes amounts relating to disbursements and external payments made when the performance of the plan funeral is 
delivered by third parties.  

 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  121

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3 Revenue and segmental analysis (continued) 

Disaggregated revenue 

The disaggregated revenue and operating profit/(loss), by segment, is shown in the following tables. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Underlying                            Other                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Revenue           adjustments(1)                                Revenue  
52 week period ended 27 December 2019                                                                                                                                                                                                £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Funeral services                                                                                                                                                                                                    203.3                  58.8                262.1 
Crematoria                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              76.8                        –                   76.8 
Pre-arranged funeral plans                                                                                                                                  21.2                 (21.2)                       – 

Group                                                                                                                                                                      301.3                  37.6                338.9 

(1)     Other adjustments related to the consolidation of the Trusts. 

Within funeral services revenue £91.7 million (2018: £92.5 million) relates to deferred revenue arising on the completion  
of performance obligations under pre-need trust plans.  

In addition to the adjustments noted above relating to revenue, in arriving at underlying operating profit further ‘other 
adjustments’, reflecting the impact of consolidating the Trusts and adopting IFRS 15, have been recorded. This includes 
corresponding entries relating to the exclusion of disbursements and external payments made when the performance of the 
funeral is delivered by third parties, adjustments are also made to exclude the Trusts administration costs and to recognise 
commissions payable at the inception of a plan rather than on delivery of the funeral or cancellation. 

                                                                                                                             Underlying                                         
                                                                                                                               operating profit/                  Underlying 
                                                                                                                                        (loss) before               depreciation                  Underlying                                          
                                                                                                                              depreciation and                                and      Operating profit/         Non-underlying                            Other                    Operating 
                                                                                                                                      amortisation              amortisation                              (loss)                             items              adjustments                 profit/(loss) 
52 week period ended 27 December 2019                                                                £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Funeral services                                                                     68.6                 (12.3)                 56.3                  (10.0)                   8.4                   54.7 
Crematoria                                                                              43.6                    (5.2)                 38.4                    (1.2)                       –                   37.2 
Pre-arranged funeral plans                                                       –                         –                         –                    (0.2)                   0.2                         – 
Central overheads                                                               (29.6)                  (1.8)                (31.4)                (15.7)                       –                 (47.1) 

Group                                                                                       82.6                 (19.3)                 63.3                  (27.1)                   8.6                   44.8 
Finance costs                                                                                                                              (25.8)                                                                      (25.8) 
Finance income                                                                                                                              0.2                                                                           0.2   
Deferred revenue significant financing                                                                                                                                      (54.1)                (54.1) 
Remeasurement of financial assets held  
 by the Trusts and related income                                                                                                                                             85.0                   85.0 
Share of loss in associated undertakings                                                                                                          (0.6)                                             (0.6)
Impairment of investments in associated  
 undertakings                                                                                                                                                        (5.4)                                             (5.4) 

Profit before tax                                                                                                                          37.7                  (33.1)                 39.5                   44.1 
Taxation                                                                                                                                          (7.4)                    4.9                   (6.7)                  (9.2) 

Underlying earnings for the period                                                                                        30.3                                                       
Non-underlying items                                                                                                                                          (28.2)                          
Other adjustments                                                                                                                                                                           32.8 

Profit after taxation                                                                                                                                                                                                     34.9 

Earnings per share for profit attributable to equity shareholders 
– Basic (pence)                                                                                                                           60.6p                                                                      69.8p 
– Diluted (pence)                                                                                                                                                                                                       69.8p 

 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                         
         
 
 
         
         
         
         
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
122  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

3 Revenue and segmental analysis (continued) 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Underlying                             Other                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Revenue              adjustments(1)                        Revenue 
52 week period ended 28 December 2018 – restated                                                                                                                                                                                 £m                                  £m                                  £m 

Funeral services                                                                                                                                                   214.9                  60.8                275.7 
Crematoria                                                                                                                                                               78.0                        –                   78.0 
Pre-arranged funeral plans                                                                                                                                  22.7                 (22.7)                        – 

Group                                                                                                                                                                      315.6                  38.1                353.7 

(1)     Other adjustments relate to the consolidation of the Trusts. 

                                                                                                                              Underlying                                         
                                                                                                                                              operating                    Underlying 
                                                                                                                              profit/(loss) before                 depreciation                    Underlying                                          
                                                                                                                                depreciation and                                 and                     Operating           Non-underlying                             Other                     Operating 
                                                                                                                                        amortisation                amortisation                   profit/(loss)                              items                adjustments                   profit/(loss) 
52 week period ended 28 December 2018 – restated                                                        £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m 

Funeral services                                                                     75.0                  (12.8)                  62.2                    (7.4)                 12.2                   67.0 
Crematoria                                                                              44.9                    (4.6)                  40.3                    (0.7)                       –                   39.6 
Pre-arranged funeral plans                                                   2.8                         –                     2.8                    (0.2)                   (2.6)                        – 
Central overheads                                                                (23.5)                   (1.6)                (25.1)                   (5.6)                       –                  (30.7) 

Group                                                                                       99.2                  (19.0)                  80.2                  (13.9)                    9.6                   75.9   
Finance costs                                                                                                                              (26.0)                                                                      (26.0) 
Finance income                                                                                                                              0.2                                                                           0.2 
Deferred revenue significant financing                                                                                                                                      (53.3)                (53.3) 
Remeasurement of financial assets held 
 by the Trusts and related income                                                                                                                                            (14.8)                (14.8) 

Profit/(loss) before tax                                                                                                               54.4                  (13.9)                (58.5)                (18.0) 
Taxation                                                                                                                                        (11.5)                    2.5                  10.0                     1.0 

Underlying earnings for the period                                                                                        42.9                                                       
Non-underlying items                                                                                                                                          (11.4)                          
Accounting adjustments                                                                                                                                                                (48.5) 

Loss after taxation                                                                                                                                                                                                     (17.0) 

Earnings/(loss) per share for profit attributable to equity shareholders 
– Basic (pence)                                                                                                                           85.8p                                                                      (34.0)p 
– Diluted (pence)                                                                                                                                                                                                       (34.0)p 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                         
         
 
         
         
         
         
         
                                                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                                                                                         
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  123

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4 Net finance (income)/costs  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Finance costs                                                                                 
Secured Notes                                                                                                                                                                                   23.7                   24.1 
Other loans                                                                                                                                                                                           1.3                     1.2 
Net finance cost on retirement benefit obligations (note 29)                                                                                                  0.7                     0.6 
Unwinding of discounts                                                                                                                                                                    0.1                     0.1 

Finance costs                                                                                                                                                                                   25.8                   26.0 

Finance income                                                                             
Bank deposits                                                                                                                                                                                     (0.2)                   (0.2) 

Finance income                                                                                                                                                                                (0.2)                   (0.2) 

Underlying net finance costs                                                                                                                                                     25.6                   25.8 

Deferred revenue significant financing (note 19)                                                                                                                54.1                   53.3 

Realised investment income (note 13)                                                                                                                                         (5.5)                   (9.2) 
Changes in fair value of financial assets held by the Trusts (note 13)                                                                                (79.5)                 24.0 

Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income                                                         (85.0)                 14.8 

Net finance (income)/costs                                                                                                                                                         (5.3)                 93.9 

5 Profit before tax  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
Analysis by nature                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

The following items have been included in arriving at profit before tax:                               
Staff costs (note 28)                                                                                                                                                                       107.4                107.2 
Cost of inventories recognised as an expense (included in cost of sales)                                                                          17.3                   17.5 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment – owned assets (note 10)                                                                       19.1                   18.7 
Amortisation of intangible assets (included in administrative expenses) (note 9)                                                             5.0                     5.1 
Operating lease rentals – property                                                                                                                                               15.0                   12.5 
Trade receivables impairment (included in administrative expenses) (note 23(c))                                                            1.1                     2.7 
Transformation Plan costs (1)                                                                                                                                                          12.1                     2.7 
External transaction costs (included in administrative expenses)(1)                                                                                       0.9                     0.8 
Operational review and competition review costs(1)                                                                                                                  3.5                     2.7 
GMP past service cost (note 29) (1)                                                                                                                                                       –                     1.4 
Trade name impairment/write-off (note 9) (1)                                                                                                                               6.8                     1.1 
Share of loss of associated undertakings (1)                                                                                                                                  0.6                         – 
Impairment of investments in associated undertakings (1)                                                                                                       5.4                         – 
(Profit)/loss on sale of fixed assets(1)                                                                                                                                             (1.0)                    0.3 

Services provided by the Group’s auditors and its associates: 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit of parent company  
 and consolidated financial statements                                                                                                                                     0.4                     0.1 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors and its associates for other services:                                             
– The audit of Company’s subsidiaries                                                                                                                                          0.2                     0.2 
– Tax advisory services                                                                                                                                                                          –                         – 
– Other advisory services                                                                                                                                                                      –                         – 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                0.6                     0.3 

(1)     Items are excluded in arriving at underlying performance measures. Please see the Alternative performance measures on page 167 for further details. 

During 2019, the Group paid £65,000 (2018: £45,000) of fees to the Group’s auditor, in addition to the amounts given above, in 
connection with non-audit services, which are specifically audit related assurance services. See the Audit Committee Report for 
further details.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
124  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

6 Taxation   

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
Analysis of charge/(credit) in the period                                                                                                                                                                                 £m                                  £m 

Current tax – current period                                                                                                                                                            4.8                     9.6 
Adjustments for prior period                                                                                                                                                           0.1                     0.3 

Total corporation tax                                                                                                                                                                          4.9                     9.9 

Deferred tax – current period                                                                                                                                                          4.9                  (10.8) 
Adjustments for prior period                                                                                                                                                          (0.6)                   (0.1) 

Total deferred tax                                                                                                                                                                                4.3                  (10.9) 

Taxation                                                                                                                                                                                                 9.2                    (1.0) 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
Tax on items credited to other comprehensive income or equity                                                                                                               £m                                  £m 

Deferred tax credit on remeasurement losses on retirement benefit obligations                                                           (0.3)                   (0.1) 
Deferred tax credit relating to maturity of option schemes                                                                                                   (0.1)                       – 

Total deferred tax credited to other comprehensive income or equity                                                                               (0.4)                   (0.1) 

The taxation charge in the period is higher (2018: higher) than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19.0 per cent 
(2018: 19.0 per cent). The differences are explained below: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period         52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ended                         ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Profit/(loss) before taxation                                                                                                                                                           44.1                  (18.0) 

Profit/(loss) before taxation multiplied by the standard rate of corporation 
 tax in the UK of 19.0% (2018: 19.0%)                                                                                                                                         8.4                    (3.4) 
Effects of:                                                                                          
Adjustments in respect of prior period                                                                                                                                        (0.5)                    0.2 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes                                                                                                                                   1.3                     2.2 

Total taxation charge/(credit)                                                                                                                                                           9.2                    (1.0) 

Under IFRS the tax rate is higher (2018: higher) than the standard UK tax rate of 19.0 per cent (2018: 19.0 per cent) principally  
due to the non-deductible expenses and prior period adjustments (2018: non deductible expenses and prior period adjustments). 
See Financial Review for further details. The Group’s effective tax rate on underlying profits in the period was 19.5 per cent (2018: 
21.2 per cent). The current period underlying effective tax rate is higher due to the effects of permanent disallowables and 
pensions, partially offset by adjustments in respect of the prior period, with a tax impact totalling £0.2 million (2018: £1.4 million). 
The Group expects its future effective tax rate to be approximately one and a half to two per cent above the headline rate of 
corporation tax. This translates to an underlying effective rate for 2020 of between 19.0 per cent and 19.5 per cent, between  
18.5 per cent and 19.0 per cent in 2021 and thereafter. The Group does not have any provisions for uncertain tax positions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  125

7 Dividends  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period         52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ended                         ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Final dividend paid: 15.74p per Ordinary Share (2018: 15.74p)                                                                                              7.9                     7.9 
Interim dividend paid: nil per Ordinary Share (2018: 8.64p)                                                                                                        –                     4.3 

Dividend on Ordinary Shares                                                                                                                                                       7.9                   12.2 

The interim dividend represents the interim dividend that was approved and paid in the period out of earnings generated in the 
same period. No interim dividend was approved in 2019.  

The final dividend represents the final dividend that was approved and paid in the period relating to the earnings generated in 
the previous period. 

Consequently, total dividends recognised in the period were £7.9 million, 15.74 pence per share (2018: £12.2 million, 24.38 pence 
per share). 

On 28 June 2019, the Group paid a final dividend, in respect of 2018, of 15.74 pence per share (2018: 15.74 pence per share) 
totalling £7.9 million (2018: £7.9 million). The Group is not proposing any dividend for the period ended 27 December 2019. 

8 Earnings per share  

The calculation of basic earnings per Ordinary Share has been based on the profit attributable to equity shareholders for the 
relevant period.  

For diluted earnings per Ordinary Share, the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue is adjusted to assume 
conversion of any dilutive potential Ordinary Shares. 

The Group has two classes of potentially dilutive Ordinary Shares being those share options granted to employees under the 
Group’s SAYE Scheme and the contingently issuable shares under the Group’s LTIP Schemes. At the balance sheet date, the 
performance criteria for the vesting of the awards under the LTIP Schemes, including any deferred annual bonus, are assessed, 
as required by IAS 33, and to the extent that the performance criteria have been met those contingently issuable shares are 
included within the diluted EPS calculations.  

The Group’s underlying measures of profitability exclude non-underlying items, the effects of IFRS 15 and consolidation of the 
Trusts as set out on page 167. These items have been adjusted for in determining underlying measures of profitability as these 
underlying measures are those used in the day-to-day management of the business and allow for greater comparability  
across periods.  

Accordingly, the Board believes that earnings per share calculated by reference to this underlying performance measure helps 
users of the financial statements to fully understand the trading performance and financial position of the Group. 

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126  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

8 Earnings per share (continued) 

Reconciliations of the earnings and the weighted average number of shares used in the calculations are set out below: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Weighted                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 average                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            number of                     Per share 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Earnings                          shares                        amount 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   £m                        millions                            pence 

52 week period ended 27 December 2019 

Underlying profit after taxation and EPS                                                                                                   30.3                  50.0                   60.6 
Add: Non-underlying items (net of taxation credit of £4.9 million)                                                          (28.2) 
Add: Other adjustments (net of taxation charge of £6.7 million) (1)                                                           32.8 

Profit attributable to shareholders – Basic EPS                                                                                       34.9                  50.0                   69.8 

Profit attributable to shareholders – Diluted EPS                                                                                   34.9                  50.0                   69.8 

52 week period ended 28 December 2018 – restated 

Underlying profit after taxation and EPS                                                                                                          42.9                  50.0                   85.8 
Add: Non-underlying items (net of taxation credit of £2.5 million)                                                          (11.4) 
Add: Other adjustments (net of taxation credit of £10.0 million) (1)                                                          (48.5) 

Loss attributable to shareholders – Basic EPS                                                                                               (17.0)                 50.0                  (34.0) 

Loss attributable to shareholders – Diluted EPS                                                                                           (17.0)                 50.0                  (34.0) 

(1)     See note 3 for further details. 

9 Goodwill and other intangible assets 

                                                                                                                                              Use of third                                                                                Non–                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                           Trade      party brand                                                                         compete                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                       names(1)                  name                Other(2)           Software      agreements            Sub-total            Goodwill                    Total 
                                                                                                                                                £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m 

Cost 

At 29 December 2017                                                 152.4              3.2              4.7              2.5              0.2          163.0          226.1          389.1 
Acquisition of subsidiaries and other 
 businesses                                                                      2.8                  –                  –                  –                  –              2.8              3.4              6.2 
Adjustment of 2017 acquisitions                                 (3.7)                 –                  –                  –                  –             (3.7)             3.1             (0.6) 
Trade name write-off(3)                                                    (1.1)                 –                  –                  –                  –             (1.1)                 –             (1.1) 

At 28 December 2018                                                 150.4              3.2              4.7              2.5              0.2          161.0          232.6          393.6 

At 27 December 2019                                                150.4              3.2              4.7              2.5              0.2          161.0          232.6          393.6 

Accumulated amortisation and impairment 

At 29 December 2017                                                     (1.1)            (1.6)            (0.5)            (0.2)            (0.2)            (3.6)                 –             (3.6) 
Amortisation charge                                                       (4.3)            (0.1)            (0.4)            (0.3)                 –             (5.1)                 –             (5.1) 

At 28 December 2018                                                     (5.4)            (1.7)            (0.9)            (0.5)            (0.2)            (8.7)                 –             (8.7) 
Amortisation charge                                                       (4.2)            (0.1)            (0.5)            (0.2)                 –             (5.0)                 –             (5.0) 
Trade name impairment                                                (6.8)                 –                  –                  –                  –             (6.8)                 –             (6.8) 

At 27 December 2019                                                 (16.4)            (1.8)            (1.4)            (0.7)            (0.2)         (20.5)                 –           (20.5) 

Net book amount at 27 December 2019           134.0              1.4              3.3              1.8                  –          140.5          232.6          373.1 

Net book amount at 28 December 2018               145.0              1.5              3.8              2.0                  –          152.3          232.6          384.9 

Net book amount at 29 December 2017               151.3              1.6              4.2              2.3                  –          159.4          226.1          385.5 

(1)     Trade names arise on the acquisitions of funeral businesses and their fair value is calculated by reference to the estimated incremental cash flows expected to arise by virtue 

of the trade name being well-established. There are no individually material trade names that amount to 5 per cent or more of the total net book value. 

(2)     The Group previously acquired interests in two crematoria subject to finite periods of operation (by way of lease and/or service concession). The fair value of these interests 

has been identified and recognised as a separate intangible asset. The value of each interest will be amortised over the remaining period of operation. 

(3)     During the previous period, the Group closed the last location trading under a particular trading name. As this trading name had specific intangible assets related to it, they 

were required to be written-off. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  127

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9 Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued) 

Impairment tests for goodwill and trade names 
As described in note 1, goodwill is subject to an annual impairment test in accordance with IAS 36, Impairment of Assets. For the 
purpose of this impairment test goodwill is tested at a business segment level as this is the level at which the return on assets 
acquired, including goodwill, is monitored. 

The segmental allocation of goodwill is shown below: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Funeral services                                                                                                                                                                              176.8                176.8 
Crematoria                                                                                                                                                                                         55.8                   55.8 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            232.6                232.6 

Recoverable amounts within the segmental allocation have been restated following the change in accounting policy in respect  
of the Trusts. All amounts previously allocated to the pre-arranged funeral plan segment are now allocated to the funeral 
services segment.  

The recoverable amount of each segment is based on a value-in-use calculation. 

The value-in-use calculations use cash flow projections derived from the latest annual budget. Key assumptions used to produce 
the annual budget are the estimated UK death rates (based on historical death rates supplied by ONS), anticipated market share, 
mix and pricing. Cash flows for all segments beyond the initial 12 month period are extrapolated using a growth rate of 2.25 per 
cent (2018: 2.25 per cent), being an estimate of long-term growth rates for impairment review purposes only, which reflects the 
expectations of long-term inflation and death rates. The cash flows for each segment are discounted at a pre-tax rate of 12.0 per 
cent (2018: 10.25 per cent). 

The headroom for the funeral services division impairment test under the current assumptions used is £29.3 million (2018: 
£136.5 million). The discount rate would need to rise to 12.7 per cent (2018: 12.8 per cent), or the long-term growth rate would 
need to fall to 1.58 per cent (2018: fall to (0.3) per cent) for the impairment test to result in £nil headroom for this segment.  

On the basis of the above, the review indicated that no impairment arose in any segment (2018: £nil).  

If the value-in-use calculations used a discount rate of 13 per cent instead of 12 per cent, then an impairment of £11.7 million 
would need to be recognised. If the value-in-use calculations used a growth rate of 1.75 per cent instead of 2.25 per cent, then 
headroom will reduce by £22.5 million. If the value-in-use calculations used an initial cash flow assumption of £5 million less  
than that forecast, then an impairment of £25.0 million would need to be recognised. 

In addition to the Group’s annual goodwill impairment test, given the changes in the funeral market and an increase in the 
discount rate to be applied in determining value-in-use, an impairment test was performed in respect of the Group’s trade name 
intangibles assets in accordance with the requirements of IAS 36. A value-in-use calculation has been performed against each 
recognisable trade name. The performance of this impairment test, which was based on the same cash flow projections and key 
assumptions as the goodwill impairment test set out above, indicated that an impairment within the funerals segment of £6.8 
million (2018: £nil) arose and has been provided accordingly. This is due to lower levels of profitability and lower anticipated 
average income per funeral.  

If the value-in-use calculations used a discount rate of 13 per cent instead of 12 per cent, then an impairment of £8.5 million 
would need to be recognised. If the value-in-use calculations used a growth rate of 1.75 per cent instead of 2.25 per cent, then  
an impairment of £7.7 million would need to be recognised. If the value-in-use calculations used an initial cash flow assumption 
of £5 million less than that forecast, then an impairment of £8.9 million would need to be recognised. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
128  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

10 Property, plant and equipment 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Plant, 
                                                                                                                                               Freehold                                                          machinery,                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                               land and                    Leasehold                fixtures and                            Motor                             Work 
                                                                                                                                              buildings                      buildings                          fittings                        vehicles                  in progress                              Total 
                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Cost                                                                                                                                                                                    

At 29 December 2017                                                        168.4                   55.8                   48.1                   79.5                     8.0                359.8 
Additions                                                                                    4.9                     0.9                     2.1                     6.1                  11.4                   25.4 
Acquisition of subsidiaries and other businesses               –                         –                         –                     0.2                        –                     0.2 
Disposals                                                                                  (3.1)                   (3.1)                        –                    (4.3)                       –                  (10.5) 
Reclassification                                                                         8.5                     4.3                     3.6                     0.1                 (16.5)                        – 

At 28 December 2018                                                        178.7                   57.9                   53.8                   81.6                     2.9                374.9 

Additions                                                                                    2.0                     1.3                     2.3                     1.3                  10.5                   17.4 
Disposals                                                                                  (0.5)                   (0.2)                   (0.4)                   (3.1)                       –                    (4.2) 
Reclassification                                                                         1.8                     5.2                     2.6                         –                    (9.6)                        – 

At 27 December 2019                                                      182.0                   64.2                   58.3                   79.8                     3.8                388.1 

Accumulated depreciation  

At 29 December 2017                                                         (30.4)                (19.2)                (25.1)                 (37.1)                       –               (111.8) 
Depreciation charge                                                              (4.9)                   (2.8)                   (4.3)                   (6.7)                       –                  (18.7)
Disposals                                                                                    3.1                     3.1                         –                     3.5                        –                     9.7 

At 28 December 2018                                                         (32.2)                (18.9)                (29.4)                 (40.3)                       –               (120.8) 

Depreciation charge                                                              (5.3)                   (3.2)                   (4.6)                   (6.0)                       –                  (19.1)
Disposals                                                                                    0.2                     0.1                     0.3                     2.5                        –                     3.1   

At 27 December 2019                                                       (37.3)                (22.0)                (33.7)                (43.8)                       –               (136.8) 

Net book amount at 27 December 2019                  144.7                   42.2                   24.6                   36.0                     3.8                251.3 

Net book amount at 28 December 2018                      146.5                   39.0                   24.4                   41.3                     2.9                254.1 

Net book amount at 29 December 2017                      138.0                   36.6                   23.0                   42.4                     8.0                248.0 

Depreciation expense of £8.5 million (2018: £7.8 million) is included within cost of sales and £10.6 million (2018: £10.9 million)  
is included within administrative expenses. 

During the period the Group has reviewed the residual values and expected useful lives of its motor vehicles and made 
appropriate adjustments. Under IAS 8 these amendments have been applied prospectively and have not had a material impact. 

Details of any security over assets are disclosed in note 31. 

Additional headings have been included in the consolidated statement of cash flows for property, plant and equipment in order 
to provide additional information on the different types of expenditure that the Group has incurred during the year. 

Assets held under finance leases, which relate solely to leasehold land and buildings, have the following net book amount: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Cost                                                                                                                                                                                                        1.0                     1.0 
Accumulated depreciation                                                                                                                                                              (0.3)                   (0.3) 

Net book amount                                                                                                                                                                               0.7                     0.7 

The Group had capital expenditure authorised by the Board and contracted for at the balance sheet date of £7.9 million  
(2018: £17.3 million) in respect of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. 

 
      
 
 
      
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  129

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11 Investments in associated undertakings 

In August 2018 and December 2018, the Group increased its investment in Funeral Zone. At 28 December 2018 and 27 December 
2019 the Group has a 23.8 per cent investment. Funeral Zone is a UK online funeral resource for funeral directors and clients and 
has been invested in for its intellectual property opportunities. Funeral Zone is a private entity that is not listed on any public 
exchange. The registered office of Funeral Zone is Centenary House, Peninsula Park, Rydon Lane, Exeter, EX2 7XE. 

The Group holds less than 2 per cent of the voting rights of Funeral Zone but is deemed to have significant influence principally 
due to holding a right to appoint a board member who would represent 25 per cent of the Board of Directors and therefore 
have the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions. The Group also holds a call option over a further  
44.4 per cent of shares. These potential voting rights are not currently taken into consideration when assessing control as the  
call option is not considered to be substantive in nature at this time, due to the exercise price of the option. The option is 
considered to have a £nil fair value at 27 December 2019 for the same reason.  

The following table illustrates the summarised financial information of the Group’s investment in Funeral Zone.  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Current assets                                                                                                                                                                                      1.4                     4.9 
Non-current assets                                                                                                                                                                             1.6                     0.1 
Current liabilities                                                                                                                                                                                (0.4)                   (0.2) 

Equity                                                                                                                                                                                                    2.6                     4.8 

Group’s share in equity – 23.8%                                                                                                                                                      0.6                     1.1 
Goodwill                                                                                                                                                                                                4.8                     4.9 
Impairment                                                                                                                                                                                         (5.4)                       – 

Group’s carrying amount of investment                                                                                                                                     –                     6.0 

The summarised financial information is based on November 2019 management accounts as these are the most recent 
available. An adjustment of £0.3 million (2018: £0.1 million) has been included in the above reconciliation reflecting differences  
in accounting policies.  

During the period the fair values ascribed to reflect 2018 provisional amounts were finalised and goodwill has been reduced  
by £0.1 million with a corresponding increase in the share of the carrying value of non-current assets. This reflects adjustments 
made in finalising the individual 2018 financial statements of Funeral Zone. 

Funeral Zone had revenue to 30 November 2019 of £187,000 (December 2018: £3,000) and a loss for the period to 30 November 
2019 of £2,312,000 (December 2018: loss of £177,000). The Group’s share of the loss for the period to 27 December 2019, 
estimated using the November 2019 management accounts, amounted to £621,000 (2018: £42,000).  

The Group has performed a review to assess whether there is objective evidence that the carrying value of the investment is 
impaired. Given ongoing losses recorded by Funeral Zone coupled with the going concern risk of the business, as noted in their 
most recent financial statements, the Group has fully provided against its investment. 

12 Financial and other assets  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Note                                 £m                                  £m 

Non-current                                                        
Prepayments                                                                                                                                                                 (a)                              7.2                     7.3 
Deferred insurance commissions                                                                                                                           (b)                          11.0                     8.4 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              18.2                   15.7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
130  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

12 Financial and other assets (continued) 

(a) Prepayments 
This balance represents the amounts paid to acquire the long leasehold interest in land at certain of the Group’s properties. 
Management consider that leases greater than 50 years at inception are long leases. The balance is expensed on a straight line 
basis over the term of the relevant lease. The leases expire at various times over the next 30 to 125 years. 

(b) Deferred insurance commissions 
The Group is the named beneficiary on a number of life assurance products sold by third party insurance companies, in 
consideration for which the Group has committed to performing the funeral (including some disbursements) of the plan holder 
at a discount to its rates prevailing at the time of death.   

13 Financial assets – held by the Trusts 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Financial assets – held by the Trusts                                                                                                                                          947.5                862.4 

The Trusts continue to take independent advice regarding the investment strategy. As a result, it is anticipated that the investment 
allocation by class will develop further during 2020 and beyond, gradually resulting in a portfolio in the following profile: 

                                                                                                                                        Example investment types                                                                                                                            Target (%) 

Defensive investments                                                         Index linked gilts and corporate bonds                                                                 18 
Illiquid investments                                                                Private investments                                                                                                    16 
Core growth investments                                                     Equities                                                                                                                          23 
Growth fixed income and alternative investments        Property funds and emerging market debt                                                          43 

The investment strategies are expected to provide returns in excess of inflation in the longer-term but will, however, potentially 
result in greater volatility year-on-year in the reported value of the Group’s assets. See Operating review for further details. 

Analysis of the movements in financial assets held by the Trusts: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Fair value at the start of the period                                                                                                                                           862.4                865.6 
Remeasurement recognised in the consolidated income statement                                                                                 79.5                  (24.0) 
Investment income                                                                                                                                                                            1.9                     5.8 
Purchases                                                                                                                                                                                         736.1                625.5 
Disposals                                                                                                                                                                                         (726.6)              (604.8) 
Investment administrative expenses deducted at source                                                                                                      (5.8)                   (5.7) 

Fair value at the end of the period                                                                                                                                       947.5                862.4 

Interest and dividend income received is included within remeasurements recognised in the consolidated income statement.  

14 Inventories  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Materials                                                                                                                                                                                               0.5                     0.5 
Finished goods                                                                                                                                                                                    7.4                     8.0 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                7.9                     8.5 

There were no inventory write-downs in either period.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  131

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15 Trade and other receivables  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                         restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   £m 

Trade receivables: Trusts                                                                                                                                                                11.4                   10.3 
Trade receivables: at-need                                                                                                                                                             21.8                   21.6 
Less: provision for impairment (note 23(c))                                                                                                                                (6.7)                   (6.9) 

Net trade receivables                                                                                                                                                                       26.5                   25.0 
Prepayments and accrued income                                                                                                                                                4.2                     5.0 
Other receivables                                                                                                                                                                                1.7                     1.3 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              32.4                   31.3 

Trust trade receivables represent amounts due to the Group’s Trusts in respect of plans sold, where the Group’s performance 
obligation has yet to be satisfied. Instalments due to the Trusts after the balance sheet date are excluded as they are not 
contractually due. 

At-need trade receivables represent all other trade receivables due to the Group. 

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited due to the Group’s customer base being large and 
unrelated. Due to this, management believes there is no further credit risk provision required in excess of normal provision for 
doubtful receivables. For further details of the trade receivables past due and impaired refer to note 23(c). 

Due to the short-term nature of these balances, the carrying value is considered to be their fair value.  

16 Cash and cash equivalents  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                         restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Note                                                                          £m 

Trading Group                                                                                                                                                                                   41.0                   50.0 
Trusts                                                                                                                                                                              (a)                          15.5                   13.8 

Operating cash as reported in the consolidated statement of cash flows as cash  
   and cash equivalents                                                                                                                                                                 56.5                   63.8 
Amounts set aside for debt service payments                                                                                                     (b)                          16.9                   16.9 

Cash and cash equivalents as reported in the balance sheet                                                                                       73.4                   80.7 

(a) Trusts cash balances 
All assets of the Trusts can, by definition, only be used for certain prescribed purposes such as, but not limited to, the payment 
for a funeral or a refund on cancellation of a plan. They cannot be used for day-to-day operational activities of the wider Trading 
Group and could not, for example, be used to fund a capital expenditure project. The cash is held in Trust bank accounts but is 
accessible without restriction and can be used within the Trusts for any allowable purpose, such as payment following the 
performance of a funeral. As Dignity is considered to control the activities of the Trusts, this cash balance meets the 
requirements to be included in cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of IAS 7. 

(b) Amounts set aside for debt service payments 
This amount was transferred to restricted bank accounts which could only be used for the payment of the interest and principal 
on the Secured Notes, the repayment of liabilities due on the Group’s commitment fees due on its undrawn borrowing facilities 
(see note 23(d)) and for no other purpose. Consequently, this amount did not meet the definition of cash and cash equivalents  
in IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows. This amount was used to pay these respective parties on 31 December 2019. Of this amount, 
£12.1 million (2018: £12.3 million) is shown within the Statement of Cash Flows as ‘Payments to restricted bank accounts for 
finance costs’ and £4.8 million (2018: £4.6 million) is shown within ‘Financing activities’ as ‘Payments to restricted bank accounts 
for repayment of borrowings’. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
132  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

17 Financial liabilities 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            27 December             28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note                              £m                               £m 

Current                                                                  
Secured A Notes                                                                                                                                                           (a)                              9.6                     9.3 

                                                                                                                                                                                         (b)                              9.6                     9.3 

Non-current                                                        
Secured Notes                                                                                                                                                              (a)                       541.7                551.3 
Finance lease obligations                                                                                                                                           (c)                              0.6                     0.6 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            542.3                551.9 

(a) Secured Notes 
On 17 October 2014, Dignity Finance PLC issued the Secured Notes. Interest is payable on the Secured Notes on 30 June and  
31 December of each year. 

Transaction costs of £0.3 million and £0.4 million were incurred directly relating to the issue of the Secured A Notes and the 
Secured B Notes respectively. At 27 December 2019, £0.2 million (2018: £0.2 million) and £0.4 million (2018: £0.4 million) of the 
transaction costs in respect of the Secured A Notes and the Secured B Notes respectively remain unamortised. 

For further details of security over the Secured Notes see note 31(a). 

The amortisation profile of the Secured Notes is as follows: 

Secured A Notes  

                                                  2020                     2021                     2022                     2023                     2024                     2025                     2026                     2027                     2028                     2029                     2030 
                                                     £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m 

June                          4.9              5.1              5.2              5.4              5.6              5.8              6.0              6.2              6.4              6.7              6.9 
December               4.9              5.1              5.3              5.5              5.7              5.9              6.1              6.4              6.6              6.8              7.1 

Total                         9.8            10.2            10.5            10.9            11.3            11.7            12.1            12.6            13.0            13.5            14.0 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2031                     2032                     2033                     2034                    Total 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m 

June                                                                                                                                                   7.2              7.4              7.7              7.9            94.4 
December                                                                                                                                       7.3              7.6              7.8              8.1            96.2 

Total                                                                                                                                                14.5            15.0            15.5            16.0          190.6 

Secured B Notes 

                                             2035                   2036                   2037                   2038                   2039                   2040                   2041                   2042                   2043                   2044                   2045 
                                                     £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m                        £m 

June                          8.4              8.7              9.1              9.6            10.0            10.5            11.0            11.5            12.1            12.6            13.2 
December               8.5              9.0              9.4              9.8            10.3            10.8            11.3            11.8            12.3            12.9            13.5 

Total                       16.9            17.7            18.5            19.4            20.3            21.3            22.3            23.3            24.4            25.5            26.7 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2046                   2047                   2048                   2049                  Total 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £m                     £m                     £m                     £m                     £m 

June                                                                                                                                                 13.8            14.5            15.2            15.9          176.1 
December                                                                                                                                     14.2            14.8            15.5            16.2          180.3 

Total                                                                                                                                                28.0            29.3            30.7            32.1          356.4 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  133

17 Financial liabilities (continued) 

(b) Current financial liabilities 
The current financial liabilities represent the amounts falling due within one year of the Group’s balance sheet date.  

(c) Obligations under finance leases 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase payable:                      
Within one year                                                                                                                                                                                       –                         – 
Between one and two years                                                                                                                                                                –                         – 
Between two and five years                                                                                                                                                             0.2                     0.2 
After five years                                                                                                                                                                                     0.4                     0.4 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                0.6                     0.6 

The finance leases and hire purchase liabilities are secured on the related assets. 

(d) Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities 

                                                                                                                                                                                                  28 December                                                                                       27 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2018                   Cash flow                            Other                               2019 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £m                               £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Current                                                                  
Secured Notes                                                                                                                                9.3                         –                     0.3                     9.6 

Non-current                                                        
Secured Notes                                                                                                                           551.3                    (9.3)                  (0.3)               541.7 
Finance lease obligations                                                                                                            0.6                         –                        –                     0.6 

Total liabilities from financing activities                                                                       561.2                    (9.3)                       –                551.9 

                                                                                                                                                                                                  29 December                                                                                        28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2017                    Cash flow                             Other                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £m                               £m                                  £m                                  £m 

Current                                                                  
Secured Notes                                                                                                                                4.5                         –                     4.8                     9.3 

Non-current                                                        
Secured Notes                                                                                                                           560.6                    (4.5)                   (4.8)               551.3 
Finance lease obligations                                                                                                            0.6                         –                        –                     0.6 

Total liabilities from financing activities                                                                       565.7                    (4.5)                       –                561.2 

The ‘other’ column includes the effect of reclassification of the non-current portion of Secured Notes and finance lease 
obligations to current due to the passage of time and the effect of not yet paid interest on the Secured Notes. The Group 
classifies interest paid as cash flows from operating activities.  

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134  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

18 Trade and other payables 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Current                                                                  
Trade payables                                                                                                                                                                                    7.5                     8.3 
Tax and social security                                                                                                                                                                       2.8                     3.1 
Other current liabilities                                                                                                                                                                      2.3                     2.1 
Accruals                                                                                                                                                                                               44.9                   49.3 
Deferred income relating to at-need deposits                                                                                                                            4.1                     4.0 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              61.6                   66.8 

Non-current                                                        
Other non-current liabilities                                                                                                                                                             1.4                     1.3 
Deferred income relating to at-need deposits                                                                                                                            0.5                     0.7 
Deferred consideration for acquisitions                                                                                                                                       0.1                     0.1 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                2.0                     2.1 

Accruals includes interest, payroll and trade accruals.  

Deferred income relating to at-need deposits represents cash amounts received in advance for services such as a funeral 
arranged at the time of need.  

19 Deferred commissions and contract liabilities  

Deferred commissions 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Deferred commissions – current                                                                                                                                                    7.3                     7.1 
Deferred commissions – non-current                                                                                                                                         96.8                   94.5 

Deferred commissions represent directly attributable costs in respect of the marketing of the pre-arranged funeral plans where 
the plan has yet to be used or cancelled. An amount of £6.4 million (2018: £6.3 million) has been amortised to the consolidated 
income statement within administrative expenses. 

Contract liabilities 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note                              £m                                  £m 

Current                                                                  
Contract liabilities – deferred revenue                                                                                                                    (a)                          94.4                   90.4 
Contract liabilities – refund liability                                                                                                                          (b)                              1.1                     1.1 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              95.5                   91.5 

Non-current                                                        
Contract liabilities – deferred revenue                                                                                                                    (a)                  1,194.6             1,149.9 
Contract liabilities – refund liability                                                                                                                          (b)                          14.5                   14.7 

                                                                                                                                                                                                        1,209.1             1,164.6 

Movement in total contract liabilities 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                                  £m 

Balance at the beginning of the year                                                                                                                                     1,256.1             1,205.6 
Sale of new Trust plans                                                                                                                                                                   91.2                   92.7 
Increase due to significant financing                                                                                                                                           54.1                   53.3 
Recognition of revenue following delivery or cancellation of a Trust plan                                                                        (96.8)                (95.5) 

Balance at the end of the year                                                                                                                                                1,304.6             1,256.1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  135

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19 Deferred commissions and contract liabilities (continued) 

(a) Contract liabilities – deferred revenue 
Deferred revenue represents amounts received from pre-arranged funeral plan holders adjusted to reflect a significant financing 
component, and for which the Group has not completed its performance obligations at the balance sheet date. The balance is 
split between current and non-current based on historical experience to reflect the expected number of plans to be utilised 
within the next 12 months.  

(b) Contract liabilities – refund liability 
Refund liabilities represent amounts received from pre-arranged funeral plan holders for which it is expected that the respective 
plans will be cancelled based on historical experience. The balance is split between current and non-current based on historical 
experience to reflect the expected number of plans to be cancelled within the next 12 months. 

20 Obligations under finance leases and operating leases 

For minimum lease payments obligations under finance leases refer to note 23(d)(ii). 

The minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases fall due as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Not later than one year                                                                                                                                                                   13.8                   13.3 
Later than one year but not more than five years                                                                                                                   43.0                   41.0 
More than five years                                                                                                                                                                      171.1                157.5 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            227.9                211.8 

In preparing for the future adoption of IFRS 16, it was identified that lease commitment disclosures presented as at 28 December 
2018 included £7.6 million of finance lease obligations in error. The 2018 comparatives have been restated to correct this.  

The non-cancellable operating leases principally relate to leasehold land and buildings. 

Sublease payments received in the period amount to £0.3 million (2018: £0.4 million). Total future sublease payments receivable 
relating to operating leases amount to £0.4 million (2018: £0.5 million). 

In addition, the Group has operating lease commitments with rentals determined in relation to revenues. No operating lease 
commitment disclosures are required for these arrangements, as future lease payments represent contingent rental payments. 
The rental expense in respect of contingent rentals was £1.5 million (2018: £1.3 million).  

21 Provisions for liabilities 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Onerous                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Dilapidations                     contracts                              Total 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   £m                                 £m                       restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    (a)                                  (b)                                  £m 

At beginning of period – restated                                                                                                                      10.7                     0.1                   10.8 
Charged to income statement                                                                                                                              1.7                        –                     1.7 
Released to income statement                                                                                                                            (1.1)                       –                    (1.1) 
Utilised in period                                                                                                                                                     (0.4)                       –                    (0.4) 
Amortisation of discount                                                                                                                                        0.3                        –                     0.3 

At end of period                                                                                                                                                   11.2                     0.1                   11.3 

Provisions have been analysed between current and non-current as follows: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Current                                                                                                                                                                                                  2.0                     1.4 
Non-current                                                                                                                                                                                          9.3                     9.4 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              11.3                   10.8 

Prior year comparatives have been restated to exclude the previously established cancellation provision due to the impact of the 
change in accounting policy in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. See note 35 for further details. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
136  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 
Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

21 Provisions for liabilities (continued) 

(a) Dilapidations 
The provision for dilapidations covers the costs of repair to leased premises occupied by the Group in respect of which a 
dilapidations notification has been received, and properties where a dilapidation obligation exists but for which no notification 
has been received.  

It is anticipated that the element of provision relating to dilapidation notices served, £2.0 million (2018: £1.4 million), will be 
utilised in the following financial year, and the element relating to dilapidation obligations where no notice has been served  
will be utilised over the terms of the relevant property leases, the majority of which is expected to be by 31 December 2029. 

(b) Onerous contracts 
The Group has provided for the discounted future costs of certain contracts to which the Group is legally bound. These contracts 
relate to vacant leasehold properties and other contracts from which no economic benefit is derived. The provision will be 
utilised over the term of the contracts and it is anticipated that it will be fully utilised by 2034. 

22 Deferred tax 

Deferred tax is calculated in full on temporary differences under the liability method using a tax rate of 17 per cent  
(2018: 17 per cent). 

The movement on the deferred tax account is as shown below: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

At beginning of period                                                                                                                                                                   (17.9)                   (6.8) 
Charged/(credited) to income statement (note 6)                                                                                                                      4.3                  (10.9) 
Taken to other comprehensive income (note 6)                                                                                                                        (0.3)                   (0.1) 
Taken to equity (note 6)                                                                                                                                                                    (0.1)                       – 
Arising on acquisitions                                                                                                                                                                          –                    (0.1) 

At end of period                                                                                                                                                                             (14.0)                (17.9) 

The movements in deferred tax assets and liabilities (prior to the offsetting of balances within the same jurisdiction as permitted 
by IAS 12) during the period are shown below: 

Deferred tax liabilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Deferred                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               commissions                                         
                                                                                                                                                                         Accelerated tax                                                              and Trust                                         
                                                                                                                                                                               depreciation              Trade names                            assets                            Other                              Total 
                                                                                                                                                                                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

At beginning of period - restated                                                                 12.7                   18.7                 168.5                     2.7                202.6 
(Credited)/charged to income statement (note 6)                                     (0.9)                   (1.6)                  15.4                        –                   12.9 

At end of period                                                                                             11.8                   17.1                 183.9                     2.7                215.5 

Deferred tax assets 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Contract                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Pensions                      liabilities                            Other                              Total 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

At beginning of period - restated                                                                                             (4.5)              (215.6)                   (0.4)              (220.5) 
Charged/(credited) to income statement (note 6)                                                                 0.3                    (8.7)                   (0.2)                   (8.6) 
Taken to other comprehensive income/to equity                                                                (0.3)                        –                    (0.1)                   (0.4) 

At end of period                                                                                                                         (4.5)              (224.3)                  (0.7)              (229.5) 

All of the deferred tax assets were available for offset against deferred tax liabilities and hence the net deferred tax asset at  
27 December 2019 was £14.0 million (2018: £17.9 million). The Group has recognised the net deferred tax asset as this is 
expected to be recovered against future taxable profits. 

Other deferred tax liabilities includes capital gains rolled forward and deferred tax on software and leasehold land. Other 
deferred tax assets includes option schemes, long service awards and finance leases. 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  137

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22 Deferred tax (continued) 

The deferred tax associated with deferred commissions, Trust assets and contract liabilities have arisen due to the impact of  
the adoption of IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in addition to the impact of the change in accounting policy  
in respect of the consolidation of the Trusts. The deferred tax asset is calculated on the deferred revenue and refund liability  
and the deferred tax liability is calculated on the financial assets and deferred commissions. As the accounting policy change 
required a prior period adjustment, the prior period has also been restated.  

Elements of these deferred tax balances may be payable or recoverable within one year. However, the Directors consider that it 
is not possible to quantify the amount because the level of uncertainty in the timing of events and have therefore classified the 
whole balance as due after more than one year.  

The deferred income tax credited to other comprehensive income or credited to equity during the period was as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Deferred tax credit on remeasurement losses on retirement benefit obligations                                                           (0.3)                   (0.1) 

Total credited to other comprehensive income                                                                                                                         (0.3)                   (0.1) 

Deferred tax credit relating to maturity of option schemes                                                                                                   (0.1)                       – 

Total credited to equity                                                                                                                                                                    (0.1)                       – 

23 Financial instruments 

Fair values of non-derivative financial assets and financial liabilities 
IFRS 13 requires disclosure of fair value measurements by level of the following fair value measurement hierarchy: 

• Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1). 

• Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as 

prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (level 2). 

• Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs) (level 3). 

Financial assets held by the Trusts are held at fair value. All other financial assets and liabilities are held at amortised cost. 

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Group has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, 
characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above. 

(a) Fair value of Trust financial assets 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Financial assets at fair value through consolidated income statement                      
Defensive investments – Index linked gilts and corporate bonds                                                                                      170.3                164.7 
Core growth investments – Equities                                                                                                                                          268.5                224.2 
Growth fixed income and alternative investments – Property funds and emerging market debt                            468.6                445.6 
Illiquid investments – Private investments                                                                                                                                 40.1                   27.9 

Total financial assets at fair value                                                                                                                                         947.5                862.4 

All other financial assets are held at amortised cost and there is no difference between the book value and the fair value of these 
assets, due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
138  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

23 Financial instruments (continued) 

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Trusts’ financial assets.  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Fair value measurement using 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Quoted prices                  Significant                   Significant 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        in active                 observable            unobservable 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         markets                           inputs                           inputs 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Total                         (Level 1)                       (Level 2)                        (Level 3) 
27 December 2019                                                                                                                                                                                                      £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m    

Defensive investments – Index linked gilts and corporate bonds                                170.3                         –                170.3                         – 
Core growth investments – Equities                                                                                    268.5                         –                268.5                         – 
Growth fixed income and alternative investments –  
 Property funds and emerging market debt                                                                   468.6                         –                269.3                199.3 
Illiquid investments – Private investments                                                                           40.1                         –                        –                   40.1 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Fair value measurement using 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Quoted prices                    Significant                     Significant 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          in active                   observable              unobservable 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          markets                            inputs                            inputs 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Total                         (Level 1)                         (Level 2)                         (Level 3) 
28 December 2018                                                                                                                                                                                                       £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m    

Defensive investments – Index linked gilts and corporate bonds                                164.7                         –                164.7                         – 
Core growth investments – Equities                                                                                    224.2                         –                224.2                         – 
Growth fixed income and alternative investments –  
 property funds and emerging market debt                                                                   445.6                         –                220.8                224.8 
Illiquid investments – Private investments                                                                           27.9                         –                        –                   27.9 

There were no transfers between level 1, level 2 or level 3 during 2019 or 2018. 

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:  

Defensive investments – level 2 
The fair values of index linked gilts and corporate bonds are based on active market prices or price quotations at the reporting 
date. Whilst these assets have a quoted price on a recognised exchange adjustments are required in respect of related inflation 
factors, thereby making these measurements level 2 rather than level 1. 

Core growth investments & Growth fixed income and alternative investments – level 2 
These represent pooled investment funds that do not have a quoted price on a recognised exchange. The underlying assets  
of the pooled fund have been valued using active market prices or price quotations at the balance sheet date.  

Growth fixed income and alternative investments & Illiquid investments – level 3 
These investments hold some underlying investment that rely on significant unobservable inputs to price or a premium  
or discount may apply on exit.  

In all cases, fair value information is provided by the investment manager engaged by the Trusts. The Group has no input to,  
or influence over the valuation methodologies applied by the investment manager. 

Within the above reconciliation of financial assets through the consolidated income statement the following movements relate 
to level 3 assets:  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Fair value at the start of the period                                                                                                                                           252.7                249.2 
Remeasurement recognised in the consolidated income statement                                                                                   8.3                    (1.3) 
Purchases                                                                                                                                                                                           11.3                   15.3 
Sales                                                                                                                                                                                                   (30.3)                   (8.2) 
Investment administrative expenses                                                                                                                                            (2.6)                   (2.3) 

Fair value at the end of the period                                                                                                                                       239.4                252.7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  139

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23 Financial instruments (continued) 

At 27 December 2019, the Trust financial assets (all level 2 or 3, fair value of £947.5 million (2018: £862.4 million)) are exposed to 
market sensitivity and changes in valuation over time due to factors including currency, interest rate, property and commodity 
prices. As the fair value information is provided by the investment manager who has not been able to provide sensitivity analysis 
on the inputs to the fair values, the Group is unable to disclose this information. However, a 5 per cent movement in the fair 
value of these assets would result in a £47.4 million (2018: £43.1 million) increase/decrease to the carrying value, with a 
corresponding movement in an unrealised gain/loss in the income statement. A 10 per cent movement would increase this 
movement to £94.8 million (2018: £86.2 million). 

(b) Fair value of current and non-current financial liabilities 

                                                                                                                                                    27 December 2019                                                                           28 December 2018 

                                                                                                                      Nominal value                  Book value                    Fair value           Nominal value                Book value                   Fair value  
                                                                                                                                           £m                               £m                                  £m                                  £m                              £m                               £m 

Secured A Notes – 3.5456% maturing  
 31 December 2034                                                         195.5                195.3                209.7                 204.8                204.6                214.8 
Secured B Notes – 4.6956% maturing  
 31 December 2049                                                         356.4                356.0                290.0                 356.4                356.0                316.8 

Total                                                                                        551.9                551.3                499.7                 561.2                560.6                531.6 

The Secured Notes are held at amortised cost. Other categories of financial liabilities include trade payables and contract 
liabilities, however there is no difference between the book value and fair value of these items. 

The fair values of the Secured Notes are their market value at the balance sheet date and are considered to be level 1.  

In addition to the above financial liabilities include finance lease payables of £0.6 million (2018: £0.6 million), which represent the 
present value of future minimum lease payments. At 27 December 2019 there is no difference between the nominal value, book 
value and fair value of this liability. 

(c) Trade receivables 

Credit risk 
Credit risk is the risk that the counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading 
to a financial loss. The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (at-need trade receivables).  

Trade receivables  
Due to the nature of the Group’s customer base credit risk is managed by obtaining cash payments and/or deposits upfront 
where possible, setting up direct debt instalment payments from pre-need plan sales, together with staff training and internal 
control procedures to understand the customers’ ability to pay for services. Outstanding trade receivables are regularly 
monitored with an established credit control policy in place.  

At-need trade receivables are held net of provision for impairment. As at 27 December 2019, £10.7 million of the individual gross 
at-need trade receivables (2018: £11.2 million) were past due and partially impaired. Receivables are written off to the income 
statement when credit control procedures have been enforced. An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date 
using a provision matrix to measure expected credit losses. The provision rates are based on past experience together with any 
expected changes. The amount of the provision, as at 27 December 2019, was £6.7 million (2018: £6.9 million). The individually 
impaired receivables principally relate to monies owing for funerals performed by the funeral services division. The ageing of at-
need receivables is as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

One to six months                                                                                                                                                                              5.0                     5.0 
Over six months                                                                                                                                                                                  5.7                     6.2 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              10.7                   11.2 

The amount of gross at-need trade receivables past due that were not impaired was not significant. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
140  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

23 Financial instruments (continued) 

There is no expected credit loss on trade receivables held by the Trusts on the basis that a separate refund liability is recorded for 
expected plan cancellations. All amounts outstanding to be paid under a member’s pre-need plan must be paid in full prior to the 
performance of the services under the plan. In the event of default any write-off would be offset by an equivalent or greater 
release of the related refund liability. See note 19.  

Movements on the Group’s loss allowance for trade receivables are as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

At beginning of period                                                                                                                                                                      (6.9)                   (6.2) 
Charged to income statement                                                                                                                                                       (1.1)                   (2.7) 
Utilised in period                                                                                                                                                                                 1.3                     2.0 

At end of period                                                                                                                                                                                 (6.7)                   (6.9) 

The maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of each class of financial assets. The Group does not hold collateral  
as security.  

Set out below is the information about credit risk exposure on at-need trade receivables using a provision matrix. £11.4 million 
(2018: £10.3 million) is excluded from the analysis as it relates to trade receivables held by the Trust. 

27 December 2019                                                                                                                                                                                                 Days past due 

                                                                                                                                  Current                 30-60 days                 61-90 days            91 – 180 days                 >181 days                           Total  

Expected credit loss rate                                                    3.0%               11.0%               25.1%                43.4%               90.9%                            
Estimated total gross carrying amount at default         11.1                     2.7                     0.9                     1.4                     5.7                   21.8 
Expected credit loss                                                                0.3                     0.3                     0.2                     0.6                     5.3                     6.7 

Comparative information is not provided on the basis that IFRS 9, Financial Instruments is effective for the Group for the first 
time in the current period. The prior period provision was calculated using similar assumptions such that the transition to IFRS 9 
had no material impact. 

(d) Borrowing facilities  
(i) The Group has the following undrawn committed borrowing facilities available at 27 December 2019, all of which were at 

floating interest rates, in respect of which all conditions precedent had been met at that date: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Expiring within one year                                                                                                                                                                    5.0                     5.0 
Expiring between one and two years                                                                                                                                                –                         – 
Expiring in more than two years                                                                                                                                                105.0                105.0 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            110.0                110.0 

£55.0 million (2018: £55.0 million) of the undrawn facilities available to the Group is a liquidity facility relating to the Class A and B 
Secured Notes. This facility may only be used to repay interest and principal on the Secured Notes in the event of insufficient 
cash to service these instruments. The facility is subject to annual renewal. However, if the bank providing the facility does not 
renew it, then the provider is required to place £55.0 million (2018: £55.0 million) in a bank account, which the Group may access 
as if it represented a borrowing facility on the same terms. The facility is available on these terms until the Secured Notes have 
been repaid in full.  

The Group has a £50 million Revolving Credit Facility (‘RCF’), provided by the Royal Bank of Scotland, which is secured against 
certain trade and assets held by legal entities outside of the Group’s securitisation structure.  

The facility is available until July 2021, with the option to renew, subject to the bank’s consent at the time, by a further year.  
The margin on the facility ranges from 150 to 225 basis points over LIBOR depending on the resulting gross leverage. This facility 
remains undrawn at the balance sheet date. Further details may be found in the Financial Review. 

The remaining £5.0 million facility has been extended for a further 12 months and expires in October 2020. These facilities incur 
commitment fees at market rates. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  141

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23 Financial instruments (continued) 

(ii) The minimum lease payments under finance leases fall due as follows:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Not later than one year                                                                                                                                                                     0.1                     0.1 
Later than one year but not more than five years                                                                                                                      0.1                     0.1 
More than five years                                                                                                                                                                          2.4                     2.4 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                2.6                     2.6 
Future finance costs on finance leases                                                                                                                                        (2.0)                   (2.0) 

Present value of finance lease liabilities                                                                                                                                        0.6                     0.6 

(e) Maturity of financial liabilities  
The tables below analyse the Group’s financial liabilities, which will be settled on a net basis into relevant maturity groupings 
based on the remaining period at the balance sheet date to the contractual maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the tables 
are the contractual undiscounted cash flows, including interest costs yet to be incurred. The amounts disclosed for contract 
liabilities relate solely to the refund liability component which is considered to be a financial liability based on the expectation 
that cash will be returned to the plan holder on the cancellation of the plan. The deferred revenue component of contract 
liabilities is not considered to be a financial liability as there is no expected obligation to deliver cash. The maturity profile of  
the refund liability represents the Group’s assessment of the likely timing of such cash flows and the contractual undiscounted 
cash flow which would occur at that time. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     27 December 2019 

                                                                                                                                                                              In more than              In more than              In more than                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                                               one year but            two years but          three years but                                                                                
                                                                                                                                         In less than           not more than           not more than           not more than             In more than                                        
                                                                                                                                               one year                    two years                 three years                     five years                    five years                              Total    
                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Cash liabilities                                                    
Secured Notes (gross)                                                             9.6                   15.1                   10.6                   22.2                494.4                551.9 
Interest payable on Secured Notes                                  23.5                   34.7                   22.7                   44.3                338.4                463.6 
Finance leases                                                                          0.1                         –                         –                     0.1                     2.4                     2.6 

Debt repayments                                                                33.2                   49.8                   33.3                   66.6                835.2             1,018.1 
Other financial liabilities                                                      64.1                     0.4                     0.5                     0.6                     0.2                   65.8 

                                                                                                   97.3                   50.2                   33.8                   67.2                835.4             1,083.9 
Refund liability                                                                          1.1                     1.1                     1.1                     2.2                  10.1                   15.6 

Total liabilities                                                                      98.4                   51.3                   34.9                   69.4                845.5             1,099.5 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      28 December 2018 

                                                                                                                                                                                In more than                In more than                In more than                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                 one year but               two years but            three years but                                                                                
                                                                                                                                           In less than             not more than             not more than             not more than               In more than                                        
                                                                                                                                                one year                      two years                   three years                       five years                      five years                               Total    
                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m 

Cash liabilities                                                    
Secured Notes (gross)                                                             9.3                     9.6                   15.1                   21.5                505.7                561.2 
Interest payable on Secured Notes                                  23.9                   23.5                   34.7                   45.0                360.4                487.5 
Finance leases                                                                          0.1                         –                         –                     0.1                     2.4                     2.6 

Debt repayments                                                                33.3                   33.1                   49.8                   66.6                868.5             1,051.3 
Other financial liabilities                                                      68.8                     0.4                     0.4                     0.7                     0.4                   70.7 

                                                                                                102.1                   33.5                   50.2                   67.3                868.9             1,122.0 
Refund liability                                                                          1.1                     1.1                     1.1                     2.2                  10.3                   15.8 

Total liabilities                                                                   103.2                   34.6                   51.3                   69.5                879.2             1,137.8 

An administrative fee may be payable by the customer in the event of cancellation and therefore the refund liability may be 
lower than the total amount detailed above for refund liabilities. The administrative fee payable is dependent upon when the 
pre-need plan is cancelled and the type of pre-need plan originally sold. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
142  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

23 Financial instruments (continued) 

The amounts disclosed in the following tables represent the anticipated amortisation profile for the issue costs relating to the 
Group’s financial liabilities. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                27 December 2019 

                                                                                                                                                                               In more than               In more than               In more than                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                       one year but             two years but           three years but                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                In less than            not more than            not more than            not more than              In more than                                          
                                                                                                                                                     one year                      two years                  three years                      five years                      five years                                Total    
                                                                                                                                                                 £m                                   £m                                   £m                                    £m                                   £m                                   £m 

Non-cash liabilities                                           
Issue costs on Secured Notes                                                  –                         –                         –                         –                     0.6                     0.6 

                                                                                                         –                         –                         –                         –                     0.6                     0.6 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      28 December 2018 

                                                                                                                                                                                In more than                In more than                In more than                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                 one year but               two years but            three years but                                                                                
                                                                                                                                           In less than             not more than             not more than             not more than               In more than                                        
                                                                                                                                                one year                      two years                   three years                       five years                      five years                               Total    
                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m 

Non-cash liabilities                                           
Issue costs on Secured Notes                                                  –                         –                         –                         –                     0.6                     0.6 

                                                                                                         –                         –                         –                         –                     0.6                     0.6 

24 Ordinary share capital 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December              28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Allotted and fully paid Equity shares         
50,012,394 (2018: 50,008,939) Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence (2018: 12 48/143 pence) each                             6.2                     6.2 

Each Ordinary Share carries equal voting rights and there are no restrictions on any share. 

During the period, the Group received £nil consideration in relation to the 3,455 shares issued under the 2016 DAB scheme. 

Potential issues of Ordinary Shares  
Certain employees hold options to subscribe for shares in the Company under an approved Save As You Earn (‘SAYE’) Scheme.  
In addition, Executive Directors and senior management hold options to subscribe for shares in the Company under Long-Term 
Incentive Plans (‘LTIPs’), including deferred annual bonus, awarded in 2017, 2018 and 2019.  

The total number of outstanding shares subject to options (excluding lapses), the periods in which they were granted and the 
periods in which they may be exercised are given below: 

                                                                                                                       Exercise price                                                         Exercise                            2019                           2018                            2017
Year of grant                                                                                                           (pence)                                                            period                     Number                     Number                      Number 

2016 – SAYE                                                                     2,706.00                     1 December 2019              50,690              79,708            113,221 
                                                                                                                                    to 31 May 2020 

2019 – SAYE                                                                        383.52                     1 December 2022            498,164                    n/a                    n/a 
                                                                                                                                    to 31 May 2023 

2017 – LTIP                                                                                    –                          16 March 2020            133,942            133,942            133,942 
                                                                                                                                to 16 March 2027                                                       

2018 – LTIP                                                                                    –                          23 March 2021            146,157            146,157                    n/a 
                                                                                                                                to 23 March 2028                                                       

2019 – LTIP                                                                                    –                              12 June 2022            388,719                     n/a                    n/a 
                                                                                                                                   to 12 June 2029 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  143

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25 Share-based payments 

In respect of share-based payment arrangements, total charges to the income statement were £0.8 million (2018: £0.9 million). 
The Directors consider that these amounts are not material and hence further detailed disclosures have been omitted. 

26 Net debt  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December              28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Net amounts owing on Secured Notes per financial statements                                                                                     (551.3)              (560.6) 
Add: unamortised issue costs (note 17(a))                                                                                                                                  (0.6)                   (0.6) 

Gross amounts owing                                                                                                                                                                  (551.9)              (561.2) 

Accrued interest on Secured Notes                                                                                                                                            (12.2)                (12.3) 
Accrued interest on Revolving Credit Facility                                                                                                                                   –                    (0.2) 
Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group (note 16)                                                                                                            57.9                   66.9 

Net debt                                                                                                                                                                                          (506.2)              (506.8) 

Net debt is an alternative performance measure calculated as shown in the table. 

In addition to the above, the consolidated balance sheet also includes finance lease obligations which totalled £0.6 million (2018: 
£0.6 million). These amounts do not represent sources of funding for the Group and are therefore excluded from the calculation 
of net debt.  

The Group’s primary financial covenant in respect of the Secured Notes requires EBITDA to total debt service (‘EBITDA DSCR’),  
in the securitisation group, to be at least 1.5 times. At 27 December 2019, the actual ratio was 2.13 times (2018: 2.55 times).  

These ratios are calculated for EBITDA and total debt service on a 12 month rolling basis and reported quarterly. In addition, 
both terms are specifically defined in the legal agreement relating to the Secured Notes. As such, they cannot be accurately 
calculated from the contents of this report. 

27 Reconciliation of cash generated from operations  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period         52 week period  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ended                         ended 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December             28 December  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        restated 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Net profit/(loss) for the period                                                                                                                                                      34.9                  (17.0) 
Adjustments for:                                                  
Taxation                                                                                                                                                                                                 9.2                    (1.0) 
Net finance (income)/costs                                                                                                                                                             (5.3)                 93.9 
(Profit)/loss on sale of fixed assets                                                                                                                                                (1.0)                    0.3 
Depreciation charges                                                                                                                                                                       19.1                   18.7 
Amortisation of intangibles                                                                                                                                                              5.0                     5.1 
Movement in inventories                                                                                                                                                                  0.6                    (1.2) 
Movement in trade receivables                                                                                                                                                     (1.5)                    4.4 
Movement in trade payables                                                                                                                                                          (0.8)                    0.6 
Movement in contract liabilities                                                                                                                                                     (5.6)                   (2.8) 
Net pension charges less contributions                                                                                                                                      (1.7)                       – 
Trade name impairment/write-off (note 9)                                                                                                                                  6.8                     1.1 
Share of loss and impairment in respect of associated undertakings                                                                                  6.0                         – 
Changes in other working capital (excluding acquisitions)                                                                                                     (1.9)                    1.2 
Employee share option charges (note 25)                                                                                                                                    0.8                     0.9 

Cash flows from operating activities                                                                                                                                      64.6                104.2 

Other non-cash transactions 
Non-cash charges comprise of amortisation of deferred debt issue costs, as discussed in note 17(a). 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
144  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

28 Employees and Directors 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     52 week period         52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ended                         ended  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Wages and salaries                                                                                                                                                                          94.1                   92.5 
Social security costs                                                                                                                                                                            8.5                     8.2 
Other pension costs (note 29)                                                                                                                                                         4.0                     5.5 
Share option charges (note 25)                                                                                                                                                       0.8                     1.0 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            107.4                107.2 

Key management are considered to be the Board of Directors only. Total key management remuneration in the period was  
£2.2 million (2018: £3.0 million), including £0.3 million (2018: £0.5 million) of share option charges. The monthly average number 
of people, including Directors, employed by the Group during the period was as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Number                      Number 

Management and administration                                                                                                                                                 266                    221 
Funeral services staff                                                                                                                                                                     2,548                 2,542 
Crematoria staff                                                                                                                                                                                 420                    380 
Pre-arranged funeral plan staff                                                                                                                                                      180                    163 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            3,414                 3,306 

Directors’ emoluments 
Details of Directors’ emoluments are disclosed in the Report on Directors’ Remuneration on pages 83 to 91 which form part of 
these consolidated financial statements. 

29 Pension commitments 

Defined contribution plans 
The Group contributes to certain individuals’ personal pension schemes. These contributions are accounted for as defined 
contribution schemes. 

Auto enrolment 
A defined contribution scheme is used to address the Group’s obligations for auto enrolment. Both the employee and the Group 
contribute four per cent of pensionable pay.  

The pension costs for defined contribution schemes are as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Defined contribution schemes                                                                                                                                                        3.5                     3.4 

Defined benefit plan  
The Group operates a defined benefit scheme the Dignity Pension and Assurance Scheme. A full actuarial valuation was carried 
out as at 6 April 2017 and subsequent reviews were completed at 6 April 2018 and 6 April 2019. This latest view has been 
updated to 27 December 2019 by a qualified independent Actuary. 

After consultation with members of the defined benefit plan, the Group closed the scheme to new entrants on 1 October 2013 
and employee contributions were increased to 10 per cent (from 7 per cent) of pensionable salaries, with the Group contributing 
the same amount (an increase from 9.2 per cent). The plan closed to future accrual on 28 February 2017, except for members  
of the LGPS sections who continue to accrue benefits. No curtailment charge arose on the scheme closure. Contributions  
for ongoing service paid by the employer for 2019 were £0.1 million (2018: £0.1 million of contributions). In addition special 
contributions of £2.1 million (2018: £2.0 million) have been paid to make total contributions for the year of £2.2 million (2018: 
£2.1 million).  

Following the Lloyds GMP equalisation case in October 2018, which ruled that treatment of men and women be bought in line 
for schemes with a guaranteed minimum pension, the Group was required in 2018 to recalculate member benefits. This resulted 
in the Group recognising a past service cost of £1.4 million in the prior period income statement, representing approximately  
1.1 per cent of the Group’s defined benefit pension liability at the time. No further revisions have been made to this estimate 
during the period, therefore no amendments have been made to the allowance included within the scheme liabilities as at  
27 December 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  145

29 Pension commitments (continued) 

The principal actuarial assumptions at the balance sheet date were: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
Assumptions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        %                                 % 

Discount rate                                                                                                                                                                                     1.95                   2.80 
Rate of increase in salaries                                                                                                                                                             2.20                   2.45 
Rate of increase in payment of post April 1997 pensionable service                                                                                  3.10                   3.30 
Rate of increase in payment of post April 2005 pensionable service                                                                                  2.20                   2.25 
RPI price inflation assumption                                                                                                                                                      3.20                   3.45 
CPI price inflation assumption                                                                                                                                                      2.20                   2.45 

The demographic assumptions used include rates for mortality which, for example, lead to an average projected life expectancy  
of 19.8 (2018: 20.3) years for male members and 25.1 (2018: 25.6) years for female members currently aged 65 and of 20.7 (2018: 
21.2) years from age 65 for male members and 26.3 (2018: 26.8) years from age 65 for female members currently aged 50. 

Pensions and other post-retirement obligations  
The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Fair value of plan assets                                                                                                                                                               114.5                103.5 
Present value of funded obligations                                                                                                                                        (140.5)              (128.7) 

Net obligation recognised in the balance sheet                                                                                                               (26.0)                (25.2) 

Analysis of amount charged to income statement in respect of defined benefit schemes 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Current service cost included within cost of sales (staff costs)                                                                                      0.1                     0.2 

Administration expenses paid by the scheme                                                                                                                      0.4                     0.5 

Interest costs less interest income included within net finance cost                                                                          0.7                     0.6 

Past service costs                                                                                                                                                                                 –                     1.4 

Analysis of fair value of plan assets 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2019                                                            2018 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £m                                 %                              £m                                 % 

Equity and diversified growth funds                                                                                      60.6                   52.9                  56.2                   54.3 
Debt                                                                                                                                                53.4                   46.6                  46.5                   44.9 
Cash                                                                                                                                                  0.5                     0.5                     0.8                     0.8 

Fair value of plan assets                                                                                                      114.5                 100.0                103.5                100.0 

At 27 December 2019 and 28 December 2018 the Pension Trustees did not hold, on behalf of the scheme, any direct 
investments in the Group, nor did the Group occupy any property or other assets included within the fair value of plan assets.

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146  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 
Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

29 Pension commitments (continued) 

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Present value of obligation at beginning of period                                                                                                              (128.7)              (135.9) 
Current service cost                                                                                                                                                                          (0.1)                   (0.2) 
Past service cost – GMP equalisation                                                                                                                                                –                    (1.4) 
Interest cost                                                                                                                                                                                        (3.5)                   (3.3) 
Benefits paid                                                                                                                                                                                        5.2                     6.7 
Remeasurement (losses)/gains – financial                                                                                                                                (16.6)                    6.1 
Remeasurement gains – demographics                                                                                                                                       2.5                     0.8 
Remeasurement gains/(losses) – experience                                                                                                                              0.7                    (1.5) 

Present value of obligation at end of period                                                                                                                   (140.5)              (128.7) 

Changes in the fair value of plan assets are as follows: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2019                            2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of period                                                                                                                     103.5                111.9 
Interest income on plan assets                                                                                                                                                       2.8                     2.7   
Contributions by Group                                                                                                                                                                    2.2                     2.1   
Benefits paid                                                                                                                                                                                       (5.2)                   (6.7)
Administration expenses paid by the scheme (a)                                                                                                                        (0.6)                   (0.3)
Remeasurement gains/(losses)                                                                                                                                                     11.8                    (6.2)

Fair value of plan assets at end of period                                                                                                                           114.5                103.5 

(a)     Administration expenses paid by the scheme includes £0.2 million charged (2018: £0.2 million credited) to other comprehensive income. 

Analysis of the movement in the balance sheet obligation 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

At beginning of period                                                                                                                                                                   (25.2)                (24.0) 
Total expense as above charged to the income statement                                                                                                    (1.2)                   (2.7) 
Remeasurement losses and administration expenses charged to other comprehensive income                              (1.8)                   (0.6) 
Contributions by Group                                                                                                                                                                    2.2                     2.1 

At end of period                                                                                                                                                                             (26.0)                (25.2) 

The actual return on plan assets was £14.7 million (2018: £(3.5) million).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  (Increase)/ 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 decrease in 
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Liabilities                         Assets                       Deficit                        deficit 
Change in assumptions                                                                                                                                                     £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

No change                                                                                                                                 (140.5)               114.5                 (26.0)                       – 
0.25% rise in discount rate                                                                                                    (134.0)               114.5                 (19.5)                    6.5 
0.25% fall in discount rate                                                                                                     (147.4)               114.5                 (32.9)                  (6.9) 
0.25% rise in inflation                                                                                                             (144.5)               114.5                 (30.0)                  (4.0) 
0.25% fall in inflation                                                                                                              (136.2)               114.5                 (21.7)                    4.3 

The above sensitivity analysis has been determined by applying the results of a fully accurate sensitivity analysis as at 6 April 
2017 to the value placed on the Scheme liabilities as at 27 December 2019, assuming that the proportionate impact of the change 
in assumptions would be the same. It is therefore approximate as it does not allow for the impact of plan experience since 6 
April 2017. The same approach was used for the sensitivity analysis undertaken for the period ending 28 December 2018.  

Analysis of present value of scheme liabilities                                                                                                                                                              2019                            2018 

Active members (a)                                                                                                                                                                             33%                   36% 
Deferred pensioners                                                                                                                                                                       26%                   24% 
Current pensioners                                                                                                                                                                          41%                   40% 
Average duration of liabilities                                                                                                                                            18.5 years        18.5 years 

(a)     Active members are members of the Scheme who are still employed by the Group.

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  147

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29 Pension commitments (continued) 

Scheme characteristic 
The Company currently operates a defined benefits plan, the Dignity Pension & Assurance Scheme. This scheme was closed  
to new members in 2013. The benefits provided by the plan are final salary defined benefit benefits with the contributions  
paid by the Employer on a balance of cost basis. The plan is run by the Trustees of the plan who ensure that the plan is run in 
accordance with the Trust Deed & Rules and complies with legislation. The Trustees are required by law to fund the plan on 
prudent funding assumptions under the Trust Deed & Rules of the plan. The contributions payable by the Employer to fund  
the plan are set by the Trustees after consulting the Employer. 

The assets of the plan are invested in managed funds with Mercer. The managed funds are diversified by fund and by 
investment strategy. 

The plan closed to future accrual on 28 February 2017, except for members of the LGPS Sections who continue to  
accrue benefits.  

Funding arrangements  
The Trustees use the Projected Unit funding method. The last full triennial actuarial valuation was undertaken as at 6 April 2017. 

The annual commitment for deficit contributions is £1,700,000 per annum. These annual contributions are expected to meet  
the deficit on the funding basis by 31 March 2024 based on an assumption of investment returns of 4.5 per cent per annum. 

In addition, the employees of the LGPS Section currently contribute to the plan in line with the rates set out in the Plan Rules  
and the expected employer contributions for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 are £45,720 in order to fund future 
service accrual.  

The expenses of administering the plan and levies required by the Pensions Protection Fund and the Pensions Regulator are 
currently met by the Scheme. The Group contributes an additional £450,000 per annum in order to fund these expenses. 

Funding Risks 
The assets quoted are comprised as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Assets held by investment managers                                                                                                                                       114.0                102.7 
Balance of the Trustees’ bank account                                                                                                                                          0.5                     0.8 

Total                                                                                                                                                                                                  114.5                103.5 

The following list is not exhaustive but covers the main risks for the plan. Some of the risks can be reduced by adjusting the 
funding strategy with the help of the Trustees, for example investment matching risk. Other risks cannot easily be removed,  
for example longevity risk, and Employer must be aware of these risks and ask the Trustees to monitor them closely. 

Investment return risk  
If the assets under-perform the returns assumed in setting the funding targets then additional contributions may be required  
at subsequent valuations. 

Investment matching risk  
The plan invests significantly in equity type assets, whereas the solvency target is closely related to the return on bonds.  
If equities type assets have fallen in value relative to the matching asset of bonds additional contributions may be required. 

Longevity risk  
If future improvements in mortality exceed the assumptions made then additional contributions may be required. 

Legislative risk 
The Government may introduce over riding legislation which leads to an increase in the value of Plan benefits. 

Solvency risk 
As the funding target is not a solvency target, and the investment strategy does not follow that required for a solvency target,  
the assets of the plan may not be sufficient to provide all members with the full value of their benefits on a plan wind-up.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
148 |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

30 Pre-arranged funeral plans  

(a) Commitments 
The Trading Group has sold pre-arranged funeral plans to clients in the past, giving commitments to these clients to perform 
their funeral. All monies from the sale of these funeral plans are paid into and controlled by a number of trusts. These include 
the Trusts consolidated within the Group’s financial statements in addition to a number of other trusts (the ‘Small Trusts’).  
The Small Trusts are not consolidated in the Group’s results as the Group does not control these trusts. 

The Group is obligated to perform these funerals in exchange for the assets of the respective trusts, whatever they may be.  
It is the view of the Directors that none of the commitments given to these clients are onerous to the Group. However ultimately, 
the Group is obligated to perform these funerals in exchange for the assets of the respective trusts, whatever they may be.  

The Small Trusts had approximately £17.5 million (2018: £18.0 million) of net assets as at the balance sheet date. 

Only the Trusts consolidated within the Group’s financial statements receive funds relating to the sale of new plans. 

(b) Actuarial valuation 
The Trustees of the Trusts are required to have the Trusts’ liabilities actuarially valued once a year. This actuarial valuation is of 
liabilities of the Trusts to secure funerals through Dignity and other third party funeral directors and does not, in respect of those 
funerals delivered by the Group represent the cost of delivery of the funeral. Assets of the Trusts include instalment amounts 
due in the future from clients, as these amounts are payable on death and are therefore relevant to the actuarial valuation. 
However, this means that assets detailed in the actuarial valuations will not agree on a particular day to the assets recognised  
in the Group’s consolidated balance sheet.  

The Trustees have advised that the latest actuarial valuations of the Trusts were performed as at 27 September 2019 (2018: 28 
September) using assumptions determined by the Trustees. Actuarial liabilities in respect of the Trusts have increased to £987 
million as at 27 September 2019 (2018: £896 million). The corresponding market value of the assets of the Trusts was £1,004 
million (2018: £930 million) as at the same date. Consequently the actuarial valuations recorded a total surplus of £17 million at 
27 September 2019 (2018: surplus of £34 million). The Group considers these to be prudent assumptions. If the valuation had 
been performed using a discount rate equal to the long-term investment strategy target of the Trustees, then the valuations 
would have reported an aggregate surplus of approximately £156 million (2018: £160 million).  

(c) Active members and assets per plan  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Number                      Number 

Supported by:                                                       
The Trusts                                                                                                                                                                                    311,000            306,000 
The Small Trusts                                                                                                                                                                           48,000              46,000 
Insurance Plans                                                                                                                                                                          164,000            134,000 

                                                                                                                                                                                                       523,000            486,000 

The Trusts have approximately £3,300 (2018: £3,000) per active plan. On average the Trading Group received approximately 
£2,900 (2018: £2,700) in the period for the performance of each funeral (including amounts to cover disbursements such as 
crematoria fees, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees).  

Insurance Plans are those plans for which the Group is the named beneficiary on life assurance products sold by third party 
insurance companies. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  149

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30 Pre-arranged funeral plans (continued) 

(d) Transactions with the Group  
During the period, the Group entered into transactions with the Small Trusts. Amounts may only be paid out of the Trusts in 
accordance with the relevant Trust Deeds. Transactions (which were recognised as revenue in the funeral division) amounted  
to £1.1 million (2018: £0.9 million) in the period and principally comprised receipts from the Small Trusts in respect of funerals 
provided. No amounts were due to the Group on either balance sheet date. 

31 Contingent liabilities  

(a) Securitisation  
BNY Mellon Corporate Trustee Services Limited in its capacity as Security Trustee of the Secured Notes has the following 
guarantees and charges:  

•  The Dignity (2002) Group have granted the Security Trustee fixed and floating charges over all assets and undertakings  

of the Dignity (2002) Group;(i) 

•  Dignity plc has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any monies 
receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity (2004) Limited, Dignity (2008) Limited, Dignity (2011) Limited  
and Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited; 

•  Dignity (2004) Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Holdings No. 2 Limited and Dignity (2002) Limited; 

•  Dignity Holdings No. 2 Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares 

(and any monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Holdings Limited; 

•  Dignity Holdings Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares  

(and any monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Mezzco Limited; 

•  Dignity Holdings Limited has also assigned to the Security Trustee by way of security with full title guarantee, its right title  

and interest in the loans (both interest and non interest bearing) to Dignity (2002) Limited;  

•  Dignity Mezzco Limited has also assigned to the Security Trustee by way of security with full title guarantee, its right title  

and interest in the loan to Dignity (2002) Limited; 

•  Dignity (2004) Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a floating charge over the assets now or in  
the future owned by Dignity (2004) Limited (other than those assets validly and effectively charged by way of fixed security); 

•  Dignity plc, Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited, Dignity Holdings Limited and Dignity Mezzco Limited has granted the Security 

Trustee, with full title guarantee a floating charge over the assets now or in the future owned by each of Dignity plc, Dignity 
Holdings No.2 Limited, Dignity Holdings Limited and Dignity Mezzco Limited (other than those assets validly and effectively 
charged by way of fixed security);  

•  The Guarantors(ii) each irrevocably and unconditionally jointly and severally guarantees to the Security Trustee punctual 

performance by each other Obligor of that Obligor’s obligations and agrees as a primary obligation to indemnify the Security 
Trustee immediately on demand against any cost, loss or liability suffered by it if any obligation guaranteed by the Guarantors 
is or becomes unenforceable, invalid or illegal; 

•  Dignity Funerals Limited and Derriman & Haynes Funeral Services Limited has granted the Security Trustee with full title 

guarantee, a first legal mortgage over each of its rights, title and interest from time to time in properties situated in England 
and Wales; 

•  Dignity Funerals Limited has granted the Security Trustee with full title guarantee(iii), a first legal mortgage over its rights,  

title and interest from time to time in properties situated in Northern Ireland;  

•  Dignity Finance PLC has granted BNY Mellon Corporate Trustee Services Limited (in its capacity as Note Trustee) with full  
title guarantee, an assignment by way of security of its benefit in each Issuer Transaction Document (other than the Trust 
Documents), the Security Trust Deed and each Obligor Security Document and charges by way of first fixed charge the  
benefit of its accounts; and 

•  Dignity Funerals Limited has, in respect of any Scottish property which is capable of being so charged, granted ‘standard 

securities’ in favour of the Security Trustee(iv). 

(i)      Means Dignity (2002) Limited and its subsidiaries. 

(ii)     Means the Obligors (other than Dignity (2002) Limited (as Borrower)), Dignity (2004) Limited, Dignity plc, Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited, Dignity Holdings Limited and  

Dignity Mezzco Limited.  

(iii)    This mortgage is governed by the laws of Northern Ireland. 

(iv)    The standard securities are governed by Scots Law. 

At 27 December 2019, the amount outstanding in relation to these borrowings was £551.9 million (2018: £561.2 million). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
150  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

31 Contingent liabilities (continued) 

(b) £50,000,000 Revolving Credit Facility 
As a consequence of the legal structure of the £50 million Revolving Credit Facility: 

•  Dignity Funerals No. 3 Limited, Dignity Holdings No. 3 Limited, Dignity (2008) Limited, Dignity Crematoria Limited and Dignity 

Crematoria No.2 Limited have each granted NatWest (acting through its agent, the Royal Bank of Scotland plc (‘NatWest’)) fixed 
and floating charges over its assets and undertakings;  

•  Dignity Funerals No. 3 Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Arthur J Nash Limited, T J Brown & Sons Limited and Aberdeen 
Funeral Directors Limited; 

•  Dignity (2008) Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any monies 

receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Crematoria Limited; 

•  Dignity Holdings No. 3 Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Funerals No. 3 Limited; and 

•  Dignity Crematoria Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any monies 

receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Crematoria No.2 Limited. 

32 Related party transactions  
There are no related party transactions for either period. 

33 Investments  
A list of all entities included within the financial information are included in note C9 to the Company’s financial statements. 

34 Post balance sheet events  
Subsequent to the year end, there has been a general downturn in financial markets which will have impacted the value of the 
financial assets held by the Trusts. This impact will change daily and has not been quantified at the time of this Annual Report.  
Given the diversified portfolio of assets held, which includes other investments such as property, the impact across the whole 
portfolio of assets held cannot be readily estimated. See note 30 for the most recent actuarial position of the Trust based on 
long-term growth assumptions. 

35 Consolidation of the Trusts and adoption of IFRS 15 

Change in accounting policy – Consolidation of the Trusts 
As discussed in note 1, the Group previously concluded that the legislative requirement for a majority of trustees to be 
unconnected with Dignity meant that Dignity did not, and could not, control the actions of the trustees. Combined with the 
judgement that ultimately Dignity’s return from the Trusts was wholly dependent on the investment performance of the  
Trusts and that the investment strategy of the Trusts was set, implemented and monitored by the trustees, Dignity previously 
concluded that it did not have the power to affect the amounts of its returns, that it did not control the Trusts and therefore  
that the Trusts should not be consolidated. 

Upon re-examination of the factors that influence that decision, following the latest discussions with the FRC, the Group has 
concluded as part of its current year consideration of the recurring judgement that more weight should be attributed to its ability 
to appoint and remove trustees and less to the legislative requirement for a majority of trustees to be unconnected with Dignity. 
As a result, the Group has reached a revised judgement, the basis of which is summarised in note 1, that it does have control  
as defined by IFRS 10 and should consolidate those pre-arranged funeral plan trusts where it has the ability to appoint and 
remove trustees. 

Therefore, the Group has made a change in accounting policy, which has been reflected in these financial statements as a prior 
period restatement. 

 
 
 
  
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  151

35 Consolidation of the Trusts and adoption of IFRS 15 (continued) 

Adoption of IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
In addition, as disclosed in the Interim Report, the Group has adopted IFRS 15 during the period. In order to present financial 
information on a consistent basis, having consolidated the Trusts, the Group has revised its transition election under IFRS 15 to 
reflect the full retrospective adoption of that standard. The transition adjustments arising as a result of the adoption of IFRS 15 
relate to the change to recognise the disbursement element of pre-need plans and the pre-need plan funeral services delivered 
by third party funeral directors on a principal basis. Furthermore, directly attributable costs associated with the inception of a 
pre-need plan, in the form of commissions payable either to employees or third parties, are now held as deferred commissions 
in the consolidated balance sheet up to the time the associated funeral is performed or cancelled. Once the funeral is performed 
the deferred commission costs are recognised in the consolidated income statement. Deferred commission balances are split 
between current and non-current based on historical experience.  

Any other adjustments arising as a result of the consolidation of the Trusts would have been the same under IAS 18 as  
under IFRS 15.  

Following the consolidation of the Trusts and on transition to IFRS 15 adjustments have been made to the consolidated  
balance sheet as at 28 December 2018 and 29 December 2017 and the consolidated income statement for the 52 week period 
to 28 December 2018. 

The impact of consolidation on the balance sheet in both periods has been to recognise the assets and liabilities held by the 
Trusts, net of any adjustments to eliminate intra-group balances between the Trusts and the Trading Group. Contract liabilities  
in the form of deferred revenue have been recognised in respect of pre-need plans for which the Group has not completed its 
performance obligations by the period end. A refund liability has also been recognised for the proportion of plans not expected 
to be performed. In addition the Group has, in accordance with IFRS 15, recognised assets for deferred commissions for directly 
attributable marketing costs. Deferred tax has been provided, as necessary, on the adjustments recorded. Note 1 details the 
accounting polices in respect of these balances. 

In respect of the income statement for the 52 week period to 28 December 2018 adjustments have been recorded to  
eliminate intra-group transactions between the Trusts and the Trading Group, primarily in respect of funeral payments and 
marketing allowance payments. Revenue is also adjusted for the deferred revenue balances on satisfaction of the related 
performance obligation. As outlined within note 1, an additional impact to revenue on consolidation of the Trusts is that the 
Group is considered to be principal in respect of all pre-need plans delivered. As a result, a corresponding adjustment to cost  
of sales has been recorded in respect of disbursements paid and for amounts paid to third parties when the performance of 
funerals have been sub-contracted in accordance with IFRS 15. A significant financing cost has been recognised on deferred 
revenue in accordance with the policy outlined in note 1. Deferred commissions have been amortised to the income statement 
in respect of plans which have been used or cancelled during the period. The administrative costs of the Trusts together with  
the remeasurement in the period of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income have also been recognised.  

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152  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

35 Consolidation of the Trusts and adoption of IFRS 15 (continued) 

28 December 2018 consolidated balance sheet (selected lines only): 

                                                                                                                                                              Consolidation of the Trusts                                                                                         IFRS 15 

                                                                                                                     Recognition                                            Recognition                                                                             Recognition 
                                                                                                             Recognition             of contract      Derecognition             of contract                                                                              of deferred                                  
                                                                           28 Dec 2018                   of trust              liabilities –                             of              liabilities –                Deferred                                                    costs in                Deferred                    28 Dec 
                                                                            as originally             assets and                 deferred          cancellation                    refund                           tax      Consolidation               respect of                           tax                        2018 
                                                                               presented                 liabilities                  revenue                provision                    liability                    impact        adjustments         commissions                    impact                restated 
                                                                                            £m                           £m                           £m                           £m                           £m                           £m                          £m                            £m                           £m                          £m 

Non-current assets 
Financial assets – held by  
   the Trusts                                                     –               862.4                                                                                                                                                                                                     862.4 

Deferred commissions                                 –                                                                                                                                                                             94.5                                            94.5 

Deferred tax asset                                         –                                                                                                                         35.2                                                                   (17.3)                  17.9 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables                 32.9                  10.3                                                                                                                      (11.9)                                                                       31.3 

Deferred commissions                                 –                                                                                                                                                                               7.1                                              7.1 

Cash                                                            66.9                  13.8                                                                                                                                                                                                       80.7 

Current liabilities 
Financial liabilities                                      9.3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   9.3 

Trade and other payables                      68.9                  12.3                  (2.5)                                                                                            (11.9)                                                                       66.8 

Contract liabilities                                          –                                            90.4                                              1.1                                                                                                                         91.5 

Provisions for liabilities                             1.7                                                                      (0.3)                                                                                                                                                     1.4 

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities                             29.2                                                                                                                       (29.2)                                                                                                     – 

Contract liabilities                                          –                                      1,149.9                                            14.7                                                                                                                   1,164.6 

Provisions for liabilities                             9.9                                                                      (0.5)                                                                                                                                                     9.4 

Retained earnings                              (89.2)               874.2          (1,237.8)                    0.8                (15.8)                  64.4                       –                 101.6                (17.3)             (319.1) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  153

35 Consolidation of the Trusts and adoption of IFRS 15 (continued) 

28 December 2018 consolidated income statement (selected lines only): 

                                                                                                         Consolidation of the Trusts                                                                                               IFRS 15 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Recognition 
                                                                            Release of             Removal                                                                                 of significant   Remeasurement                  Amounts    Recognition of       Net release 
                                                                               deferred     of payments                              Derecognise                                  financing                   of Trust                           paid    disbursement       of deferred 
                                             28 Dec 2018      revenue on   received from        Payments          pre-need   Recognition    component              assets and                              on          element of              costs in                        28 Dec 
                                              as originally           death or          the Trusts                     on          segment              of the    on deferred                    related         subcontracted              pre-need         respect of           Tax           2018 
                                                 presented     cancellation            on death    cancellation             income     Trust costs           revenue                    income                    funerals                     plans   commissions      credit    restated 
                                                              £m                     £m                       £m                    £m                     £m                   £m                    £m                            £m                             £m                         £m                      £m           £m              £m 

Revenue                          315.6              95.5            (47.6)             (3.0)           (22.7)                                                                                                               15.9                                         353.7 

Cost of sales                  (135.0)                                                                                                                                                                            (8.0)              (15.9)                                       (158.9) 

Gross profit                    180.6              95.5            (47.6)            (3.0)          (22.7)                                                                                      (8.0)                      –                                         194.8 

Administrative 
    expenses                    (114.3)                                                                                                  (6.8)                                                                                                                    2.2                (118.9) 

Operating profit             66.3              95.5            (47.6)            (3.0)          (22.7)           (6.8)                                                                  (8.0)                      –                 2.2                     75.9 

Finance costs                   (26.0)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (26.0) 

Finance income                   0.2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           0.2 

Deferred revenue  
    significant financing           –                                                                                                                     (53.3)                                                                                                                       (53.3) 

Remeasurement  
    of Trust assets and  
    related income                    –                                                                                                                                                (14.8)                                                                                           (14.8) 

Profit/(loss)  
    before tax                     40.5              95.5            (47.6)            (3.0)          (22.7)           (6.8)          (53.3)                 (14.8)                 (8.0)                      –                 2.2                   (18.0) 

Taxation                              (9.0)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        10.0          1.0 

Profit/(loss) for the  
    period attributable to  
    equity shareholders    31.5              95.5            (47.6)            (3.0)          (22.7)           (6.8)          (53.3)                 (14.8)                 (8.0)                      –                 2.2     10.0     (17.0) 

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154  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

35 Consolidation of the Trusts and adoption of IFRS 15 (continued) 

29 December 2017 consolidated balance sheet: 

                                                                                                                                               Consolidation of the Trusts                                                                                          IFRS 15 

                                                                                                                                     Recognition                                                                                                                                                Recognition 
                                                                                                                           Recognition         of contract                                           Recognition                                                                                of deferred                         
                                                                                         29 Dec 2017                    of trust         liabilities –      Derecognition             of contract                                                                                       costs in       Deferred                              
                                                                                          as originally             assets and            deferred     of cancellation              liabilities –          Deferred      Consolidation                        respect of                  tax     29 Dec 2017 
                                                                                             presented                 liabilities             revenue               provision      refund liability       tax impact         adjustments                  commissions           impact            restated 
                                                                                                          £m                           £m                       £m                          £m                           £m                    £m                          £m                                    £m                 £m                       £m 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Goodwill                                                              226.1                                                                                                                                                                                                                   226.1 

Intangible assets                                               159.4                                                                                                                                                                                                                   159.4 

Property, plant and equipment                    248.0                                                                                                                                                                                                                   248.0 

Financial assets                                                   14.3                                                                                                                                                                                                                     14.3 

Financial assets – held by the Trusts                    –                865.6                                                                                                                                                                                        865.6 

Deferred commissions                                            –                                                                                                                                                                            92.4                                 92.4 

Deferred tax asset                                                    –                                                                                                                 23.7                                                                   (16.9)                 6.8 

                                                                              647.8                                                                                                                                                                                                               1,612.6 

Current assets 
Inventories                                                              7.3                                                                                                                                                                                                                       7.3 

Trade and other receivables                            38.3                     9.1                                                                                                              (12.1)                                                                   35.3 

Deferred commissions                                            –                                                                                                                                                                              7.0                                    7.0 

Cash                                                                       49.3                  21.8                                                                                                                                                                                           71.1 

                                                                                94.9                                                                                                                                                                                                                   120.7 

Total assets                                                       742.7                                                                                                                                                                                                               1,733.3 

Liabilities                                                                      
Current liabilities 
Financial liabilities                                                 4.5                                                                                                                                                                                                                       4.5 

Trade and other payables                                 57.8                  12.6               (2.9)                                                                                       (12.1)                                                                   55.4 

Current tax liabilities                                            6.2                                                                                                                                                                                                                       6.2 

Contract liabilities                                                     –                                         87.1                                             1.2                                                                                                                 88.3 

Provisions for liabilities                                        1.5                                                                  (0.3)                                                                                                                                             1.2 

                                                                                70.0                                                                                                                                                                                                                   155.6 

Non-current liabilities 
Financial liabilities                                             561.2                                                                                                                                                                                                                   561.2 

Deferred tax liabilities                                        30.3                                                                                                              (30.3)                                                                                                  – 

Other non-current liabilities                               2.3                                                                                                                                                                                                                       2.3 

Contract liabilities                                                     –                                   1,101.8                                           15.5                                                                                                           1,117.3 

Provisions for liabilities                                        8.5                                                                  (0.6)                                                                                                                                             7.9 

Retirement benefit obligation                         24.0                                                                                                                                                                                                                     24.0 

                                                                              626.3                                                                                                                                                                                                               1,712.7 

Total liabilities                                                 696.3                                                                                                                                                                                                               1,868.3 

Shareholders’ equity/(deficit) 
Ordinary share capital                                         6.2                                                                                                                                                                                                                       6.2 

Share premium account                                   11.1                                                                                                                                                                                                                     11.1 

Capital redemption reserve                           141.7                                                                                                                                                                                                                   141.7 

Other reserves                                                     (4.6)                                                                                                                                                                                                                     (4.6) 

Retained earnings                                          (108.0)                883.9       (1,186.0)                    0.9               (16.7)             54.0                       –                         99.4        (16.9)          (289.4) 

Total equity/(deficit)                                       46.4                                                                                                                                                                                                                (135.0) 

                                                                              742.7                                                                                                                                                                                                               1,733.3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Company balance sheet 
as at 27 December 2019

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  155

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note                              £m                               £m 

Fixed assets                                                         
Investments                                                                                                                                                                  C2                149.9                149.1 

Current assets                                                    
Trade and other receivables                                                                                                                                     C3                295.3                304.7 
Cash                                                                                                                                                                                                     29.8                   40.6 

Total current assets                                                                                                                                                                    325.1                345.3 

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year                                                                                          C4                 (15.0)                (14.7) 

Net current assets                                                                                                                                                                       310.1                330.6 

Total assets less current liabilities                                                                                                                                        460.0                479.7 

Net assets                                                                                                                                                                                       460.0                479.7 

Capital and reserves                                        
Called up share capital                                                                                                                                              C5                     6.2                     6.2 
Share premium account                                                                                                                                                                 12.5                   12.4 
Capital redemption reserve                                                                                                                                                         141.7                141.7 
Other reserves                                                                                                                                                                                     3.7                     2.7 
Retained earnings                                                                                                                                                                          295.9                316.7 

Total equity                                                                                                                                                                                    460.0                479.7 

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to publish its 
individual profit and loss account and related notes. The Company made a loss attributable to the equity shareholders of  
£12.6 million in the period (2018: profit of £32.1 million).  

The financial statements on pages 155 to 164 were approved by the Board of Directors on 11 March 2020 and were signed on  
its behalf by: 

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M K McCollum
Chief Executive

S L Whittern  
Finance Director 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
156  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Dignity plc Company statement of changes in equity 
for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

                                                                                                                                              Ordinary                             Share                          Capital 
                                                                                                                                                     share                     premium                redemption                             Other                      Retained                                         
                                                                                                                                                   capital                        account                         reserve                        reserves                      earnings                              Total 
                                                                                                                                                          £m                                  £m                                  £m                                  £m                                 £m                                  £m 

Shareholders’ equity as at 29 December 2017                6.2                   11.1                141.7                     3.2                296.8                459.0 
Profit for the period                                                                    –                         –                         –                         –                  32.1                   32.1 
Effects of employee share options                                          –                         –                         –                     0.8                        –                     0.8 
Proceeds from share issue                                                       –                     1.3                         –                         –                        –                     1.3 
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust                                                 –                         –                         –                    (1.3)                       –                    (1.3) 
Dividends paid on Ordinary Shares                                        –                         –                         –                         –                 (12.2)                (12.2) 

Total transactions with owners, recognised  
 directly in equity                                                                      –                     1.3                         –                    (0.5)                (12.2)                (11.4) 

Shareholders’ equity as at 28 December 2018                6.2                   12.4                141.7                     2.7                316.7                479.7 
Adjustment on initial application of IFRS 9                           –                         –                         –                         –                    (0.3)                   (0.3) 

Shareholders’ equity as at 29 December 2018 
  – adjusted                                                                             6.2                   12.4                141.7                     2.7                316.4                479.4 
Loss for the period                                                                      –                         –                         –                         –                 (12.6)                (12.6) 
Effects of employee share options                                          –                         –                         –                     1.1                        –                     1.1 
Proceeds from share issue                                                       –                     0.1                         –                         –                        –                     0.1 
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust                                                 –                         –                         –                    (0.1)                       –                    (0.1) 
Dividends paid on Ordinary Shares                                        –                         –                         –                         –                    (7.9)                   (7.9) 

Total transactions with owners, recognised  
 directly in equity                                                                      –                     0.1                         –                     1.0                    (7.9)                  (6.8) 

Shareholders’ equity as at 27 December 2019           6.2                   12.5                141.7                     3.7                295.9                460.0 

Capital redemption reserve  
The capital redemption reserve represents £80,002,465 B Shares that were issued on 2 August 2006 and redeemed for cash  
on the same day, £19,274,610 B Shares that were issued on 10 October 2010 and redeemed for cash on 11 October 2010, 
£22,263,112 B Shares that were issued on 12 August 2013 and redeemed for cash on 20 August 2013 and £20,154,070 B Shares 
that were issued and redeemed for cash in November 2014. 

Other reserves 
Other reserves includes movements relating to the Group’s SAYE and LTIP schemes. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements  

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  157

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C1 Principal accounting policies  

Basis of preparation 
The financial statements of the Company for the period ended 27 December 2019 were authorised for issue by the Board of 
Directors and the balance sheet was signed on the Board’s behalf by Mr M K McCollum and Mr S L Whittern. The Company is 
incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales. The Company’s registered address is 4 King Edwards Court, King Edwards 
Square, Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, B73 6AP. 

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006, as applicable to 
companies using Financial Reporting Standard 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (‘FRS 101’). The financial statements have 
been prepared on a going concern basis under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies are set out  
below and have been applied consistently throughout the year. 

The Company’s financial statements are presented in Sterling and all values are stated in pound million rounded to one decimal 
place (£m) except where otherwise indicated. 

In accordance with the concession granted under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the income statement of the 
Company has not been separately presented in the financial statements.  

In the current period, the Company’s financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week period ended 27 December 
2019. For the comparative period, the Company’s financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week period ended  
28 December 2018. 

Exemptions:  
As permitted by FRS 101 the following exemptions from the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) 
have been applied in the preparation of these financial statements: 

•  The following paragraphs of IAS 1, ‘Presentation of financial statements’: 

   – 10(d) (statement of cash flows);  

   – 16 (statement of compliance with all IFRS); 

   – 38A (requirement for minimum of two primary statements, including cash flow statements); 

   – 38B-D (additional comparative information); 

   – 111 (cash flow statement information); and 

   – 134-136 (capital management disclosures). 

•  Paragraph 38 of IAS 1 ‘Presentation of financial statements’ comparative information requirements in respect of: 

Paragraph 79 (a) (iv) of IAS 1 ‘Presentation of financial statements’. 

•  IAS 7, ‘Statement of cash flows’. 

•  Paragraph 30 and 31 of IAS 8 ‘Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors’ (requirement for the disclosure 

of information when an entity has not applied a new IFRS that has been issued but is not yet effective). 

•  IFRS 7, ‘Financial instruments: Disclosures’. 

•  Paragraph 17 of IAS 24, ‘Related party disclosures’ (key management compensation). 

•  The requirements in IAS 24, ‘Related party disclosures’ to disclose related party transactions entered into between two or more 

members of a group. 

The Company is eligible to apply the above exemptions as it is included in the consolidated financial statements of Dignity plc 
who prepare financial statements under IFRS and include the above disclosures.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
158  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

C1 Principal accounting policies (continued) 

New standards, amendments and IFRIC interpretations 
The Company has applied IFRS 9, Financial instruments for the first time in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements. 

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments – impact of adoption 
Under IFRS 9 all financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on initial recognition. IFRS 9 subsequently measures 
financial assets and liabilities at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVOCI’) or fair value through 
profit and loss (‘FVTPL’). As all assets and liabilities were measured at amortised cost under IAS 39 there is no change in 
accounting policy on adoption of IFRS 9.  

The Company has changed how it assesses impairment of receivables. The Company calculates expected credit losses (‘ECL’s’)  
in line with the guidance under IFRS 9. Where there is evidence of impairment, any impairment loss is recognised in the income 
statement. On transition to IFRS 9, a transition adjustment of £0.3 million has been recorded in to opening equity reserves as  
at 29 December 2018. Comparatives have not been restated. There has been no movement in the ECL during the period.  

No other new accounting standards or amendments to accounting standards, or IFRIC interpretations that are effective for the 
period ended 27 December 2019, have had a material impact on the Company.  

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions  
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with FRS 101 requires management to make judgements, estimates 
and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. 
Management has not made any judgements, estimates or assumptions in preparing these financial statements that materially 
affects the application of policies or the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income or expenses of the Company. 

Fixed asset investment 
Fixed asset investments are stated at historical cost, less any provision for impairment. 

Impairment of fixed assets 
The carrying values of fixed assets are reviewed for impairment in periods where events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that the carrying value may not be recoverable or at the end of the first full financial year following the recognition. Any 
impairment in the value of fixed assets below depreciated historical cost is charged to the income statement within operating 
profit. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in the income statement to the extent that the original loss was recognised. 

Employee share schemes 
The Company operates two employee share schemes: The Save As You Earn Scheme (‘SAYE’) and Long-Term Incentive Plan 
Scheme (‘LTIP’). 

The Company applies IFRS 2 in respect of share option schemes resulting in the charge for such schemes being recognised in  
a subsidiary of the Company. The Company’s financial statements reflect the cost of the scheme as an increase in the cost of 
investment in the subsidiary with the corresponding credit included within other reserves. 

Employee share trust  
The assets of the employee share trust are held by a separate limited company, of which the Directors consider that Dignity plc 
has de facto control. In accordance with IFRS, Accounting for ESOP Trusts and the substance of the transaction, the trust’s assets 
and liabilities are recognised in the Company’s balance sheet.  

Dividends 
Dividend distributions to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the financial statements in the period in 
which they are approved by the Company’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recorded in the financial statements when paid. 

Financial instruments – accounting policy applied from 29 December 2018 

Borrowings 
All borrowings and loans are initially recognised at the fair value of consideration received or paid after deduction of issue  
costs and are subsequently measured at amortised cost. The issue costs and interest payable or receivable on debt finance are 
charged/credited to the Income statement, as interest payable and similar charges or interest receivable and similar income, on 
a constant-yield basis over the term of the borrowings, or over a shorter period where it is more likely than not that the lender 
will require earlier repayment using the effective interest method. 

Trade and other receivables  
Initial recognition and measurement  
Financial assets are classified at initial recognition, and are subsequently measured, at amortised cost as the Company’s financial 
assets give rise to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and, where applicable, interest on the principal amount and it 
is the Company’s business model to collect the contractual cash flows.  

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  159

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C1 Principal accounting policies (continued) 

Impairment  
The Company recognises an allowance for expected credit losses (ECLs) for all receivables held at amortised cost. ECLs are based 
on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the 
Company expects to receive. 

ECLs are recognised in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since 
initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the next 12 months 
(a 12 month ECL). For those credit exposures for which there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, 
a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, irrespective of the timing of the 
default (a lifetime ECL). 

Equity instruments 
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its 
liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct transaction costs.  

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and on demand deposits and amounts included in accounts restricted for 
specific uses. 

Financial instruments – accounting policy applied on or before 28 December 2018 

Borrowings 
All borrowings are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost in relation to amounts owed  
to group undertakings. 

Equity instruments 
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its 
liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct transaction costs.  

Cash at bank and in hand 
Cash at bank and in hand includes demand deposits and amounts included in accounts restricted for specific uses. 

C2 Investments in subsidiary undertakings  

Cost and net book amount                                                                                                                                                                                       £m 

At beginning of period                                                                                                                                                                                             149.1 
Additions in respect of share-based payments                                                                                                                                                      0.8 

At end of period                                                                                                                                                                                                      149.9 

Additions in the period reflect the effect of capital contributions to subsidiaries as a result of share-based payment schemes 
operated in those company’s over the shares of Dignity plc. 

A detailed listing of all subsidiary undertakings is included in note C9 below. 

The market capitalisation of the Company was lower than the aggregate of the amount of the Company’s investment in 
subsidiaries and receivables from those entities. However, the Directors believe that the carrying value of the investments is 
supported by their underlying net assets and value in use. This was considered in detail by reference to the Trading Group’s 
value in use in addition to appropriate recognition for the value of the Trusts. 

C3 Trade and other receivables: amounts falling due within one year 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Amounts owed by group undertakings                                                                                                                                    295.3                304.7 

C4 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings                                                                                                                               12.4                   12.4 
Accruals                                                                                                                                                                                                 1.9                     1.1 
Corporation tax                                                                                                                                                                                   0.7                     1.2 

                                                                                                                                                                                                              15.0                   14.7 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
160  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

C5 Called up share capital and reserves 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Allotted and fully paid Equity shares 
50,012,394 (2018: 50,008,939) Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143p (2018: 12 48/143p) each                                                 6.2                     6.2 

Each Ordinary Share carries equal voting rights and there are no restrictions on any share. 

See note 24 of the Group’s consolidated accounts for further details. 

C6 Dividends  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       52 week period           52 week period 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ended                            ended 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       27 December               28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2019                               2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           £m                                  £m 

Final dividend paid: 15.74p per Ordinary Share (2018: 15.74p)                                                                                              7.9                     7.9 
Interim dividend paid: nil per Ordinary Share (2018: 8.64p)                                                                                                        –                     4.3 

Dividend on Ordinary Shares                                                                                                                                                       7.9                   12.2 

The interim dividend represents the interim dividend that was approved and paid in the period out of earnings generated in the 
same period. No interim dividend was declared in 2019.  

The final dividend represents the final dividend that was approved and paid in the period relating to the earnings generated in 
the previous period. 

Consequently, total dividends recognised in the period were £7.9 million, 15.74 pence per share (2018: £12.2 million, 24.38  
pence per share). 

On 28 June 2019, the Group paid a final dividend, in respect of 2018, of 15.74 pence per share (2018: 15.74 pence per share) 
totalling £7.9 million (2018: £7.9 million). The Group is not proposing any dividend for the period ended 27 December 2019. 

C7 Staff costs 

Directors’ remuneration 
Details of the Directors’ emoluments are included in pages 83 to 91. They received no emoluments in respect of their services  
to the Company (2018: nil). 

C8 Related party transactions 
There are no related party transactions for either period requiring disclosure. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  161

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C9 Subsidiary undertakings  

Principal subsidiaries 

Company name 

Principal activity 

Advance Planning Limited                                            Pre-arranged funeral plans 
Dignity (2002) Limited                                                    Intermediate holding company 
Dignity Crematoria Limited                                          Construction and leasing of crematoria 
Dignity Crematoria No.2 Limited                                Construction and leasing of crematoria 
Dignity Finance PLC                                                        Finance company 
Dignity Funerals Limited                                               Funeral services 
Dignity Funerals No.3 Limited                                     Funeral services 
Dignity Pre Arrangement Limited                               Pre-arranged funeral plans 
Dignity Securities Limited                                             Pre-arranged funeral plans 
Pitcher & Le Quesne Limited***                                Funeral services 

Other subsidiaries 

Company name 

Principal activity 

Birkbeck Securities Limited                                          Intermediate holding company 
Dignity (2004) Limited                                                    Intermediate holding company 
Dignity (2008) Limited                                                    Intermediate holding company 
Dignity (2011) Limited                                                    Intermediate holding company 
Dignity (2014) Limited                                                    Intermediate holding company 
Dignity Finance Holdings Limited                               Intermediate holding company 
Dignity Holdings Limited                                               Intermediate holding company 
Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited                                     Intermediate holding company 
Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited                                     Intermediate holding company 
Dignity Mezzco Limited                                                 Finance company 
Dignity Services                                                               Intermediate holding company 

Recent acquisition companies – dormant from 2020 

Company name

Principal activity 

Newport & Telford Funeral Service Ltd                     Funeral services 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
162  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

C9 Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

Dormant companies

A & N Duckworth Limited 
A. & G. Huteson Ltd 
A Ashton & Sons Limited 
A Bennett & Sons Limited 
A F Townsend (Funeral Directors) Limited 
A Hazel & Sons Limited 
A Shepherd & Sons Limited 
A T Genders Limited 
A V Band Limited 
A. Haxby & Sons (Filey) Limited 
Abbey Funeral Service Limited 
Adela Funeral Homes Limited 
Aberdeen Funeral Directors Limited* 
Anglian Funeral Service Limited 
Armitage (Funeral Directors) Limited 
Arthur Denyer Limited 
Arthur G Whitehead (Westminster) Limited 
Ashton & Ebbutt Limited 
Ashton Ebbutt Holdings Limited 
Ashton Memorials Limited 
Ashtons (Brighton) Limited 
Associated Funeral Services Limited 
Astley Funerals Limited 
Arthur J. Nash Limited 

B & B Funeral Directors Limited 
B. Bernard & Sons Limited 
Baguley Bros. Limited 
Banks Funeral Service Limited 
Bayley Brothers Hereford Limited 
Birmingham Crematorium (1973) Limited 
Boyce Anderson Motors Limited** 
Bracher Brothers Limited 
Brighton Stonemasons Limited 
Broadwater Limousines Limited 

C Powell Funeral Service Limited 
Caledonian Funeral Services Limited* 
Carrwood Funeral Supplies Limited 
Castle Court Funeral & Limousine Services  
 Limited 
Chichester Crematorium Limited 
Chosen Heritage (Scotland) Limited* 
Chosen Heritage Limited 
Chosen Heritage Services Limited 
Clegg Humphreys Limited 

Cooksey & Son Limited 
Cooksley & Son Limited 
Coombes & Sons (Bovey Tracey) Limited 
Counties Crematorium Limited 
Coyne Brothers Limited 
Cumbernauld Funeral Services Ltd* 
Cyril H. Lovegrove Limited 

D J Thomas (Funeral Directors) Limited 
D. J. Evans Forse & Co Limited 
D.Walsh & Son Limited 
Daly & Company Limited 
David B Hendry Limited 
David Silvey & Son Limited 
Davis McMullan Funeral Directors Limited 
Derriman & Haynes Funeral Services  
 Limited 
Dewi Reynolds & Sons Limited 
Dignity (2009) Limited 
Dignity Caring Funeral Services Limited 
Dignity Funerals No.2 Limited 
Dignity Funerals No.4 Limited 
Dignity In Destiny Limited 
Dignity Legal Services Limited 
Dignity Manufacturing Limited 
Dillistone Funeral Service Limited 
Docklands Funeral Services Limited 
Dottridge Brothers Limited 
Downer & White Limited 
Downs Crematorium Limited 
Dowsett & Jenkins Limited 
Dundee Crematorium Limited* 
Dunning (Undertaking) Limited 
Dyson Richards Limited 

E Hurton & Son Limited 
E M Lander Limited 
E Seymour & Son Limited 
E. Brigham Funeral Directors Limited 
E.F.Edwards Limited 
E.Finch & Sons Limited 
Earl Of Plymouth Limited 
Eden Park Estate Limited 
Edmund & Lewis Limited 
Edward Lewis Wicks & Sons Limited 
Ely Funeral Service Limited 
Exeter & Devon Crematorium Limited 

F L Mildred & Sons (Funeral Directors)  
 Limited 
F. Kneeshaw & Sons (Funeral Directors)  
   Limited 
F.E.J. Green & Sons Limited 
F.G.Pymm (Funeral Directors) Limited 
F.Harrison & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited 
F. J. Gibb Limited 
F.M. & J. Wait & Co Limited 
F. Jennings & Sons Limited 
F.Smith & Son (Staines) Limited 
Family Funeral Services Limited 
Farebrother Funeral Services Limited 
Fisher & Townsend (Funeral Directors)  
 Limited 
Flowers By Design Limited 
Ford Ennals Funeral Services Limited 
Forethought Limited 
Francis Chappel & Sons Limited 
Frank Stephenson & Son (Funeral Directors)  
 Limited 
Frederick W Chitty & Co Limited 
Fredk. W.Paine Limited 
Funeral Arrangements Online Limited 
Funeral Debt Collection Limited 
Funeral Services London Limited 

G & L Evans Ltd 
G. M. Charlesworth & Son Limited 
G.F. Cook (Funerals) Limited 
G.F.Hunt (Bath) Limited 
G.Gamble & Son Limited 
G.Smith (Wooburn) Limited 
George Hall & Son Funeral Directors Limited 
George S. Munn & Company, Limited* 
George Stanton (1935) Limited 
Ginns & Gutteridge Limited 
Gornalls Funeral Services Limited 
Graeme Buckle Funeral Services Limited 
Graham Sullivan Funeral Directors Limited 
Grave Design Limited 
Great Southern Group Limited 
Grimmett & Timms Limited 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  163

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N A Medd Limited  
National Funeral Trust Limited  
Newco (Crematoria) Limited  
Newport Hire (I.W.) Limited
Newsome’s Funeral Service (Royston)  
 Limited 
Nicholls Memorials Limited
Norfolk Crematorium Limited  
Northampton Crematorium Limited
Norwich Crematorium Holdings Limited  
Norwich Crematorium Limited 
Nubian Funeral Directors Limited

Oxford Crematorium Limited  

Patrick Stonemasons Limited  
Personal Choice Funeral Plan Limited
Peter Johnson Funerals Ltd.
PFG Hodgson Kenyon (Services) Limited  
PFG Hodgson Kenyon (UK) Limited
PFG Hodgson Kenyon Limited  
Philip Ford & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited
Phillips Funeral Plans Limited  
Phillips Funeral Services Limited
Phillips Holdings (Hertfordshire) Limited  
Phillips Supplies Limited
Piccioni (Masonry) Limited
Plantsbrook Group Limited
Plantsbrook Limited  
Preston Ireland Bowker Limited
Priestley & Cockett Limited

R Butler & Sons Limited
R C Holden & Son Limited
R Garner Son & Wood Limited  
R.Davies & Son Limited
R.S. Johnson & Sons Limited  
R.S.Scott (Funerals) Limited
Ravenhill Funeral Services Limited**
Remembrance Limited
Robemanor Limited 
Robert Nicholls Funeral Directors Limited
Roberts & Brain Limited
Romney Marsh Funeral Services Limited  
Rosspark Limited

C9 Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

Dormant companies (continued)

H & G Wilde Funeral Directors Limited 
H A Harrold & Son Limited 
H Eaton & Sons Holdings Limited 
H.Eaton & Sons Limited 
H J Dawson Limited 
H J Phillips & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited 
H Johnson & Sons Limited 
H Leslie Humphreys Limited 
H Tonkin Limited 
H. J. Whalley & Sons Limited 
H. Towell Ltd 
H.Copeland & Son Limited 
H.Dorricott & J.Bent Limited* 
H.G.Brown & Sanders Limited 
H.Hill Funeral Service Limited 
H.R.H. Holdings Limited 
Hambrook & Johns Limited 
Hanningtons (Funeral Directors) Limited 
Hardacres Funeral Directors Limited 
Harry Williams & Sons (Cambridge) Limited 
Heighton & Son Limited 
Hemley Funeral Service Limited 
Henry Naylor (Funeral Directors) Limited 
Henry Paul Limited 
Henry Smith (Wandsworth) Limited 
Highfield Funeral Service Limited 
Hindu Funeral Service Limited 
Hodgson Holdings (Scotland) Limited 
Hodgson Holdings Limited 
Holdfast (Funerals) Limited** 
Howard Jenkins (Edge Hill) Limited 
Hunters Funeral Directors Limited 

Ian Clarke Funeral Service Limited 
Ingall Services Limited 
Inverclyde Funeral Directors Limited* 
Invicta Memorials Limited 

J H Kenyon Limited 
J H Raven Limited 
J Hylton & Sons Limited 
J Kynaston Limited 
J Steadman & Sons Limited 
J.W.Tate & Son (Holdings) Limited 
J.W.Tate & Son Limited 
Jack Lee & Sons Limited 
James Allen & Son (Disley) Limited 
James Crook Limited 
John & William Shering Limited 

John Bardgett & Sons Limited 
John G Ashton & Co (Funeral Directors)  
   Limited 
Johnson Funeral Supplies Limited 
Johnson-Sears Limited 
Jonathan Harvey Limited 
Jonathan Walker Funeral Directors Limited 
Joseph Swift (Funeral Director) Limited 
Joseph Tomlinson & Sons Limited 
Joslin Memorials (1974) Limited  

K.Y. Green Limited 
Kellaways (Funeral Service) Limited 
Ken Gregory & Sons Limited 
Kent Funeral Supplies Limited 
Kenyon Air Transportation Limited 
Kenyon Emergency Services Limited 
Kenyon Repatriation Limited 
Kenyon Securities Limited 
Kenyons Funeral Directors Limited 
Kirkwoods (Funeral Directors) Limited** 

L Fulcher Limited
L J Clegg Limited
Lambeth & Brixton Community Funeral 
   Services Limited  
Lambeth Funeral Services Limited
Lea Valley Funeral Services Limited
Leeds Limousines Limited
Leehope Services Limited
London Necropolis Company Limited
Longhurst (Undertakers) Limited
Lowden Wells Limited 

MacIntosh & Steven Limited*  
Mahony & Ward Limited
Malcolm J Presland Limited
Mannerings Limited 
Mason Funeral Service Limited
Mathias’s of Putney Limited
Maxwell Bros. Limited
Meadow Pool Limited
Mews & Yeatmans Limited
Mid Sussex Funeral Services Limited
Middleton & Wood (1919) Limited
Monumental Masons Limited  
Moodys Funeral Directors Limited
Moray Crematorium Holdings Limited*  
Moray Crematorium Limited*  
Morecambe & Heysham Funeral  
   Service Limited

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
164  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued 

for the 52 week period ended 27 December 2019

U.F.D. Limited
UK Funerals Limited  
UKF Limited 

Valedictum Group Limited 
Valedictum Holdings Limited 
Valedictus Group Limited 
Valedictus Holdings Limited 
Valedictus Limited  

W G Dixon Limited  
W G Rathbone Funeral Directors Limited  
W H Scott & Son Limited
W S Bond Limited  
W S Harrison & Son Limited
W Thorp & Sons (Leigh-on-Sea) Limited  
W.E.Turner (Funeral Furnishers) Limited  
W.Garstin & Sons Limited
Walkers Funeral Directors Limited
Walmsley Hammond (Rayleigh) Limited  
Warburton Funerals Limited  
Wetton Funeral Services Limited
White Lady Funerals Limited  
Whyte Funeral Services Limited*
William Pearce & Son Limited  
Wilmshurst & Dickson Limited  
WM. Jordan & Son (Funeral Directors)  
 Limited*
Woodfield Park Funeral Home Limited 
Wrekin Funeral Service Limited

Yew Holdings Limited

C9 Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

Dormant companies (continued)

S A Bates & Sons Limited
S Wellens & Sons Limited
Saftway Limited
Salenew Limited
Sanders Goodale & Co.Limited
SCI Pre Arrangement Limited  
Seaford Funeral Service Limited
Seddons of Southport Limited  
Selim Smith & Co. Limited
Serenity Limited 
Sevenoaks District Crematorium Limited  
Shankill Funeral Services Limited**
Silver Lady Funeral Service Limited
Simplicity Funerals Limited
Simpsons (Undertakers Requisites) Limited
Spotland Bridge Funeral Services Limited
Stanway & Garnett Funeral Service Limited
Swift & Mildred Limited

T & R O’Brien Limited*
T H Fenton Limited  
T S Annison & Sons Limited
T. S. Horlock & Son Limited
T.H.Sanders & Higgs Limited  
T.H.Sanders & Sons Limited
T J Brown & Sons Limited
T.J.Davies & Sons (Funeral Directors) Limited
Taylors Funerals (Wirral) Limited
The Crematorium Company Limited
The Dignity Plan Limited
The East Riding Crematorium Company  
 Limited 
The Haltemprice Crematorium Limited  
The Lawrence Funeral Service Limited
The Leverton Funeral Service (Dartford)  
 Limited 
The South London & Southern Counties  
   Cremation Society Limited  
The South London Crematorium Co Limited
The Titford Funeral Service Limited
Thomas Brothers (Wellington and Taunton)  
 Limited 
Thompsons (Busbys) Limited  
Thompsons (Funeral Furnishers) Limited  
Thompsons (Maguires) Limited
Thompsons (Rimmers) Limited
Tovey & Morris Limited

Registered office 
*       The registered office for these subsidiaries is 280 Kinfauns Drive, Glasgow, G15 7AR 
**     The registered office for these subsidiaries is 14 Scotch Quarter, Carrickfergus, County Antrim, BT38 7DP 
***   The registered office for this subsidiary is 59 Kensington Place, St Heller, JE2 3PA, Jersey 
All other subsidiary undertakings are registered at 4 King Edwards Court, King Edwards Square, Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, B73 6AP. 

Other information 
All of the subsidiaries are incorporated in the United Kingdom except for Pitcher & Le Quesne Limited which is incorporated in Jersey.  
All subsidiaries are controlled by the Group.  
All of the above shareholdings are held indirectly, with the exception of Dignity (2004) Limited, Dignity (2008) Limited, Dignity (2011) Limited  
and Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited. 
Dignity plc owns, either directly or indirectly, 100 per cent of the equity interest of all the subsidiaries.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial record(a) 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  165

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Summarised consolidated income statement   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2018                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                             2019                      restated                          2017(c)                        2016(d)                         2015(d) 
                                                                                                                                                                               £m                               £m                               £m                              £m                               £m 

Underlying revenue 

Funeral services                                                                                             203.3                214.9                 221.8                217.8                212.6 
Crematoria                                                                                                         76.8                   78.0                   74.0                  67.5                   63.1 
Pre-arranged funeral plans                                                                            21.2                   22.7                   28.2                  28.3                   29.6 
                                                                                                                           301.3                315.6                 324.0                313.6                305.3 
Underlying operating profit 

Funeral services                                                                                                56.3                   62.2                   79.5                  79.0                   76.8 
Crematoria                                                                                                         38.4                   40.3                   40.0                  37.6                   34.6 
Pre-arranged funeral plans                                                                                  –                     2.8                     8.0                     8.5                     7.8 
Central overheads                                                                                          (31.4)                (25.1)                 (22.9)                (23.4)                (20.5) 
                                                                                                                             63.3                   80.2                 104.6                101.7                   98.7 

Underlying finance costs                                                                               (25.8)                (26.0)                 (26.9)                (26.9)                (27.0) 
Underlying finance income                                                                              0.2                     0.2                     0.1                     0.4                     0.5 

Underlying profit before tax                                                                          37.7                   54.4                   77.8                  75.2                   72.2 
Underlying  taxation                                                                                         (7.4)                (11.5)                 (13.8)                (15.8)                (15.5) 
Underlying profit after tax                                                                             30.3                   42.9                   64.0                  59.4                   56.7 
Underlying earnings per share (pence)                                                    60.6p                85.8p              128.3p              119.8p              114.8p 
Revenue                                                                                                           338.9                353.7                 324.0                313.6                305.3 
Operating profit                                                                                                44.8                   75.9                   98.0                  97.7                   95.5 
Profit/(loss) after tax                                                                                        34.9                  (17.0)                  57.8                  57.2                   56.9 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share (pence)                                                   69.8p                  (34.0)p           115.8p              115.3p              115.2p 

Key performance indicators 
                                                                                                                                                                             2019                            2018                            2017                           2016                            2015 

Total estimated number of deaths in Britain (number)                   584,000            599,000            590,000            590,000            588,000 
Number of funerals performed (number)                                            69,400              72,300               68,800              70,700              73,500 
Funeral market share(b) (per cent)                                                            11.7%               11.9%                11.5%               11.8%               12.3% 
Number of cremations performed (number)                                      64,800              65,200               63,400              59,500              57,700 
Crematoria market share (per cent)                                                        11.1%               10.9%                10.7%               10.1%                  9.8% 
Active pre-arranged funeral plans (number)                                      523,000            486,000            450,000            404,000            374,000 
Underlying cash generated from operations (£million)                         71.8                101.9                 115.4                121.1                125.2 

Net debt  
                                                                                                                                                                             2019                            2018                            2017                           2016                            2015 
                                                                                                                                                                               £m                               £m                               £m                              £m                               £m 

Net amounts owing on Secured Notes per  
 financial statements                                                                                (551.3)              (560.6)              (565.1)              (573.9)              (586.5) 
Add: unamortised issue costs                                                                        (0.6)                   (0.6)                   (0.6)                   (0.7)                   (0.7) 

Gross amounts owing                                                                                 (551.9)              (561.2)              (565.7)              (574.6)              (587.2) 
Net amounts owing on Crematoria Acquisition Facility per  
 financial statements                                                                                          –                         –                         –                 (15.7)                (15.7) 
Add: unamortised issue costs on Crematoria Acquisition Facility             –                         –                         –                    (0.1)                   (0.1) 

Gross amounts owing                                                                                 (551.9)              (561.2)              (565.7)              (590.4)              (603.0) 

Accrued interest on Secured Notes                                                           (12.2)                (12.3)                   (0.3)                   (0.3)                (12.8) 
Accrued interest on Crematoria Acquisition Facility and  
 Revolving Credit Facility                                                                                    –                    (0.2)                   (0.2)                   (0.1)                   (0.1) 
Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group                                             57.9                   66.9                   49.3                  67.1                   98.8 

Net debt                                                                                                          (506.2)              (506.8)              (516.9)              (523.7)              (517.1) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
166  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Financial record(a) continued

Summarised consolidated balance sheet 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2018                            2017                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                                             2019                      restated                      restated                        2016(d)                         2015(d) 
                                                                                                                                                                               £m                               £m                               £m                              £m                               £m 

Non-current assets                                                                                                                                                                                 
Goodwill and intangible assets                                                                  373.1                384.9                 385.5                358.1                328.2 
Property, plant and equipment                                                                  251.3                254.1                 248.0                235.4                200.6 
Investments in associated undertakings                                                          –                     6.0                         –                        –                         – 
Financial and other assets                                                                             18.2                   15.7                   14.3                  11.3                   10.3 
Financial assets – held by the Trusts                                                         947.5                862.4                 865.6                        –                         – 
Deferred commissions                                                                                   96.8                   94.5                   92.4                        –                         – 
Deferred tax asset                                                                                           14.0                   17.9                     6.8                        –                         – 

                                                                                                                        1,700.9             1,635.5             1,612.6                604.8                539.1 

Current assets                                                                                                                                                                                          

Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group                                             57.9                   66.9                   49.3                  67.1                   98.8 
Cash and cash equivalents – held by the Trusts                                       15.5                   13.8                   21.8                        –                         – 
Cash and cash equivalents                                                                            73.4                   80.7                   71.1                  67.1                   98.8 
Other current assets                                                                                       47.6                   46.9                   49.6                  43.1                   38.3 

                                                                                                                           121.0                127.6                 120.7                110.2                137.1 

Total assets                                                                                                 1,821.9             1,763.1             1,733.3                715.0                676.2 

Current liabilities                                                                         
Financial liabilities                                                                                               9.6                     9.3                     4.5                     8.8                     8.3 
Contract liabilities                                                                                             95.5                   91.5                   88.3                        –                         – 
Other current liabilities                                                                                   65.3                   73.0                   62.8                  66.3                   74.4 

                                                                                                                           170.4                173.8                 155.6                  75.1                   82.7 

Non-current liabilities 
Financial liabilities                                                                                          542.3                551.9                 561.2                581.5                594.6 
Contract liabilities                                                                                       1,209.1             1,164.6             1,117.3                        –                         – 
Other non-current liabilities                                                                          37.3                   36.7                   34.2                  61.9                   42.8 

                                                                                                                        1,788.7             1,753.2             1,712.7                643.4                637.4 

Total  liabilities                                                                                          1,959.1             1,927.0             1,868.3                718.5                720.1 

Total deficit                                                                                                   (137.2)              (163.9)              (135.0)                   (3.5)                (43.9) 

Total deficit and liabilities                                                                    1,821.9             1,763.1             1,733.3                715.0                676.2 

NOTES 

(a)     This information has been extracted from the current and previous Annual Reports and accordingly does not constitute audited information. 

(b)    Market share excluding funerals performed in Northern Ireland. 

(c)     2017 income statement has not been restated for the impact of IFRS 15 or the change in accounting policy in respect of the Trusts. 
(d)    2015 and 2016 have not been restated for the impact of IFRS 15 or the change in accounting policy in respect of the Trusts.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alternative performance measures 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  167

Non-GAAP measures 

(a) Alternative performance measures 
The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, alternative 
performance measures are necessary to enable users of the financial statements to fully understand the trading performance 
and financial position of the business.  

The alternative performance measures provided are aligned with those used in the day-to-day management of the business and 
allow for greater comparability across periods.  

For this reason, the alternative performance measures provided exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts and the  
changes which relate to the adoption of IFRS 15 (together referred to as ‘other adjustments’), both of which are considered to 
mask the underlying trading performance of the Group, as well as non-underlying items comprising certain non-recurring and 
non-trading transactions. 

Calculation of underlying reporting measures 
Underlying revenue and profit measures (including divisional measures) are calculated as revenue and/or profit before  
non-underlying items and other adjustments. 

Underlying net finance costs are calculated before the impact of consolidating the Trusts. See note 4.  

Underlying earnings per share is calculated as profit after taxation, before non-underlying items and other adjustments  
(both net of tax), divided by the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue in the period.  

Underlying cash generated from operations excludes non-underlying items and other adjustments on a cash paid basis. 

(b) Non-underlying items 
The Group’s underlying measures of profitability exclude: 

•  amortisation of acquisition related intangibles; 

•  external transaction costs; 

•  profit or loss on sale of fixed assets; 

•  Transformation Plan costs (see below); 

•  operating and competition review costs; 

•  one-off costs in respect of the defined benefit pension obligations;  

•  trade name write-off and impairments;  

•  Group’s share of profit or loss and impairment of associated undertakings; and 

•  the taxation impact of the above items together with the impact of taxation rate changes. 

Non-underlying items have been adjusted for in determining underlying measures of profitability as these underlying measures 
are those used in the day-to-day management of the Group and allow for greater comparability across periods. 

Transformation Plan costs 
Given the on-going transformation of the Group’s business will result in significant, directly attributable non-recurring costs over 
the period of the Transformation Plan, these amounts are excluded from the Group’s underlying profit measures and treated as 
a non-underlying item. 

These costs will include, but are not limited to: 

•  external advisers’ fees; 

•  directly attributable internal costs, including staff costs wholly related to the Transformation (such as the Transformation 

Director and project management office);  

•  costs relating to any property openings, closures or relocations; 

•  rebranding costs; 

•  speculative marketing costs; and 

•  redundancy costs. 

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168  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Alternative performance measures continued 

Non-GAAP measures (continued) 

                                                                                                                                                                                          Funeral                                                      Pre-arranged                         Central                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                        services                 Crematoria              funeral plans                   overheads                            Group 
52 week period ended 27 December 2019                                                £m                       £m                       £m                      £m                       £m 

Non-trading 
Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles                                          4.2                     0.5                     0.1                        –                     4.8   
External transaction costs                                                                                    –                     0.7                     0.1                     0.1                     0.9 
Profit on sale of fixed assets                                                                           (1.0)                       –                         –                        –                    (1.0) 

Non-recurring 
Transformation Plan costs                                                                                   –                         –                         –                  12.1                   12.1 
Operating and competition review costs                                                         –                         –                         –                     3.5                     3.5 
Trade name impairment                                                                                  6.8                         –                         –                        –                     6.8 

                                                                                                                             10.0                     1.2                     0.2                  15.7                   27.1 
Group’s share of loss of associated undertakings                                                                                                                                                 0.6 
Impairment of investments in associated undertakings                                                                                                                                     5.4 
Taxation                                                                                                                                                                                                                          (4.9) 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         28.2 

52 week period ended 28 December 2018 

Non-trading                                                         
Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles                                          4.4                     0.4                     0.1                        –                     4.9 
External transaction costs                                                                                0.6                         –                         –                     0.2                     0.8 
Loss on sale of fixed assets                                                                              0.3                         –                         –                        –                     0.3 

Non-recurring                                                     
Transformation Plan costs                                                                                   –                         –                         –                     2.7                     2.7 
Operating and competition review costs                                                         –                         –                         –                     2.7                     2.7 
GMP past service cost                                                                                       1.0                     0.3                     0.1                        –                     1.4 
Trade name write-off                                                                                         1.1                         –                         –                        –                     1.1 

                                                                                                                                7.4                     0.7                     0.2                     5.6                   13.9 
Taxation                                                                                                                                                                                                                           (2.5) 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         11.4 

(c) Non-underlying cash flow items 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          27 December            28 December 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019                            2018 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             £m                               £m 

Cash flows from operating activities                                                                                                                                            64.6                104.2 
Cash flows of other adjustments                                                                                                                                                   (7.6)                   (9.3) 

Cash flows from operating activities – Trading Group                                                                                                             57.0                   94.9 
External transaction costs                                                                                                                                                                 0.8                     1.7 
Transformation Plan costs                                                                                                                                                             11.2                     2.6 
Operating and competition review costs                                                                                                                                      2.8                     2.7 

Underlying cash generated from operations                                                                                                                            71.8                101.9 

(d) Funeral market share 
Comparable funeral market share excludes any volumes from locations not contributing for the whole of 2018 and 2019 to  
date and therefore excludes eight locations closed and 13 locations opened in 2018 and a further 12 locations closed and one 
location opened in 2019.  

(e) Average assets per plan 
Average assets per plan are calculated as the net assets of the Trusts divided by the number of active plans in the Trusts.  
Net assets in this calculation will not equal amounts in the consolidated balance sheet of the Group, as it includes instalment 
amounts due in future that become payable immediately on death.

 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                 
 
 
Shareholder information  

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  169

General enquiries may be addressed to the Company Secretary, Tim George, at the Company’s registered office.  

General information 
The Company is a public limited company which is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is incorporated and domiciled in 
England and Wales.  

Company Registrars 
Enquiries concerning shareholdings, change of address or other particulars, should be directed in the first instance to the 
Company’s Registrars, Equiniti. They also provide a range of online shareholder information services at www.shareview.co.uk 
where shareholders can check their holdings and find practical help on transferring shares and updating personal details. 
Alternatively they can be contacted by telephone on 0371 384 2674 (textphone for shareholders with hearing difficulties  
0371 384 2255) if calling from within the UK, or +44 (0) 121 415 7047 if calling from outside the UK. 

Shareholder communications 
Shareholders who have not elected to receive paper copies are sent a notification whenever shareholder documents are 
published to advise them how to access the documents via the Group website at www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate. 
Shareholders may also choose to receive this notification via e-mail with a link to the relevant page on the website. This 
approach enables the Company to reduce printing and distribution costs and its impact on the environment. Shareholder 
documents are only sent in paper format to shareholders who have elected to receive documents in this way. 

Shareholders who wish to receive e-mail notification should register online at www.shareview.co.uk click on ‘Open a Portfolio 
Account’ under the ‘Portfolio’ section. You will require your Shareholder Reference Number, which is given on your share 
certificate or dividend tax voucher. Choosing e-mail notification will result in you joining the Equiniti Shareview Service in 
accordance with its terms and conditions. 

Share price information 
The latest Dignity plc share price can be obtained via the Company’s investor website www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate. 

Unsolicited mail 
The Company is obliged by law to make its share register available upon request to the public and to other organisations which 
may use it as a mailing list resulting in shareholders receiving unsolicited mail. Shareholders wishing to limit the receipt of such 
mail should register to do so with the Mailing Preference Service at www.mpsonline.org.uk. 

Annual General Meeting 
The Company’s Annual General Meeting will be held on 11 June 2020 at 11:00am at DLA Piper UK LLP, Victoria Square House, 
Victoria Square, Birmingham, West Midlands, B2 4DL. 

Dividends 
Although the Group has significant cash resources at hand and continues to be cash generative, in order to maintain maximum 
flexibility and liquidity during the transformation, the Board has concluded that it is prudent to temporarily cease dividend 
payments. The Group has an established track record of returning cash to shareholders at appropriate times over many years 
and once the current uncertain competitive environment becomes clearer, it anticipates resuming dividend payments or 
returning excess cash to shareholders. 

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170  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Contact details and advisers 

Registered Office:
Dignity plc 
4 King Edwards Court 
King Edwards Square 
Sutton Coldfield 
West Midlands B73 6AP 

Tel: +44 (0) 121 354 1557 
Fax: +44 (0) 121 321 5644 
E-mail: enquiries@dignityuk.co.uk 

       www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate 

Company Secretary: 
Tim George FCIS 

Registered Number: 
04569346 

Registrars: 
Equiniti 
Aspect House 
Spencer Road 
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 

Tel: +44 (0) 371 384 2674 

       www.shareview.co.uk 

Auditors: 
Ernst & Young LLP 
No.1 Colmore Square  
Birmingham B4 6HQ 

Joint Brokers: 
Panmure Gordon & Co  
One New Change 
London EC4M 9AF 

Investec 
A division of Investec Bank plc 
2 Gresham Street 
London EC2V 7QP 

Principal Bankers: 
Royal Bank of Scotland plc 
West Midlands Corporate Office 
2 St Philips Place 
Birmingham B3 2RB 

Legal Advisers: 
DLA Piper UK LLP 
Victoria Square House 
Victoria Square 
Birmingham B2 4DL 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial calendar 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019  |  171

11 June 2020

26 June 2020

29 July 2020

• Annual General Meeting 

• 2020 financial half year end 

• Announcement of 2020 interim results 

25 December 2020

• Financial period end 

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172  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019    

Forward-looking statements 

This Annual Report and the Dignity plc investor website may  
contain certain ‘forward-looking statements’ with respect to Dignity 
plc (the “Company”) and the Group’s financial condition, results of its 
operations and business, and certain plans, strategy, objectives, goals 
and expectations with respect to these items and the economies and 
markets in which the Group operates. 

Forward-looking statements are sometimes, but not always, identified 
by their use of a date in the future or such words as ‘anticipates’, 
‘aims’, ‘due’, ‘could’, ‘may’, ‘should’, ‘will’, ‘would’, ‘expects’, ‘believes’, 
‘intends’, ‘plans’, ‘targets’, ‘goal’ or ‘estimates’ or, in each case, their 
negative or other variations or comparable terminology. Forward-
looking statements are not guarantees of future performance.  
By their very nature forward-looking statements are inherently 
unpredictable, speculative and involve risk and uncertainty because 
they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in 
the future. Many of these assumptions, risks and uncertainties relate 
to factors that are beyond the Group’s ability to control or estimate 
precisely. There are a number of such factors that could cause actual 
results and developments to differ materially from those expressed 
or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, 
but are not limited to, changes in the economies and markets in 
which the Group operates; changes in the legal, regulatory and 
competition frameworks in which the Group operates; changes in  
the markets from which the Group raises finance; the impact of legal 
or other proceedings against or which affect the Group; changes  
in accounting practices and interpretation of accounting standards 
under IFRS, and changes in interest and exchange rates. 

Any forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report or  
the Dignity plc investor website, or made subsequently, which are 
attributable to the Company or any other member of the Group, or 
persons acting on their behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety 
by the factors referred to in this statement. Each forward-looking 
statement speaks only as of the date it is made. Except as required  
by its legal or statutory obligations, the Company does not intend  
to update any forward-looking statements. 

Nothing in this Annual Report or on the Dignity plc investor website 
should be construed as a profit forecast or an invitation to deal in  
the securities of the Company. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
IFC  |  Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2019   

Welcome  

to the 2019  

Annual Report

Contents

Strategic Report 

02 Leading through change 

10 Our summary performance in 2019 

12 Chairman’s statement 

16 Chief Executive’s review 

28 Strategy and business model 

30 Key performance indicators 

34 Operating review 

41 Financial review 

46 Principal risks and uncertainties 

52 Non-financial information statement  

53 Corporate and social responsibility 

Governance 

61 Chairman’s introduction to governance 

63 Governance structure 

64 Board of Directors 

66 Executive Management Team 

67 Directors’ statement on corporate governance 

72 Audit Committee report 

75 Nomination Committee report 

77 Report on Directors’ remuneration 

92 Directors’ report 

Financial Statements 

Group Accounts 

95 Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc 

104 Consolidated income statement 

104 Consolidated statement of comprehensive income  

105 Consolidated balance sheet 

106 Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

107 Consolidated statement of cash flows 

108 Notes to the financial statements 

Company Accounts  

155 Dignity plc Company balance sheet 

156 Dignity plc Company statement of changes in equity 

157 Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements 

165 Financial record 

Other Information 

167 Alternative performance measures 

169 Shareholder information 

170 Contact details and advisers  

171 Financial calendar 

Consultancy, Design & Production by Bexon Woodhouse  
www.bexonwoodhouse.com 

Printed in the UK by CPI Colour, a certified CarbonNeutral® 
printing company, using vegetable based inks and water 
based sealants. The printer and paper manufacturing  
mill are both certified with ISO 14001 Environmental 
Management systems standards and both are Forest 
Stewardship Council® (FSC®) certified.

  
 
 
 
Dignity plc 

4 King Edwards Court 
King Edwards Square 
Sutton Coldfield 
West Midlands B73 6AP 

www.dignityfunerals.co.uk/corporate

Annual Report 2019 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 

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Delivering 

excellent client 

service and 

leading through 

change