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Dignity plc 

4 King Edwards Court 

King Edwards Square 

Sutton Coldfield 

West Midlands B73 6AP 

www.dignityplc.co.uk

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 

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Responsible and resilient 
through challenging and 
changing times

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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IFC    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Who we are

We are one of the UK's major funeral 
related service providers and the only 
publicly listed company in the UK operating 
in the funeral sector. The Group's main 
activities are funeral services, crematoria 
and pre-arranged funeral plans.  

Our aim is to be at the forefront of the 
sector in terms of quality, transparency, 
standards, choice and value-for-money. 

Inside this year’s Annual Report

Strategic Report 

Financial Statements 

Transparent reporting 

01 At a glance 
04 Executive Chairman’s review 
15 Key performance indicators 
18 Operating review 
22 Financial review 
27 Principal risks and uncertainties 
33 Viability statement 
34 Non-financial information statement 
35 Corporate and social responsibility  
42 Section 172 Statement 

Governance 

45 Chairman’s introduction to governance 
50 Governance structure 
51 Board of Directors 
52 Operating Board 
53 Directors’ statement on corporate governance 
58 Audit Committee report 
62 Nomination Committee report 
63 Report on Directors’ remuneration 
81 Directors’ report 

Group Accounts 

84 Independent auditors’ report to the members 

of Dignity plc 

92 Consolidated income statement 
92 Consolidated statement of comprehensive 

income  

93 Consolidated balance sheet 
94 Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
95 Consolidated statement of cash flows 
96 Notes to the financial statements 

Company Accounts  

144 Dignity plc Company balance sheet 
145 Dignity plc Company statement of changes  

in equity 

146 Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements 
154 Financial record 

Other Information 

156 Alternative performance measures 
162 Shareholder information 
163 Contact details and advisers  
164 Financial calendar 

We aim to report in a transparent and 
integrated way to clearly reflect how we 
operate. Within this year’s report we have 
also sought to address the additional 
requirements arising from Section 172  
of the Companies Act 2006 and the 2018 
UK Corporate Governance Code.  

This Annual Report & Accounts contains 
forward-looking statements with respect 
to the Group’s plans and its current goals 
and expectations relating to its future 
financial condition, performance, results, 
strategic initiatives and objectives. 

Consultancy, Design & Production by Bexon Woodhouse  

www.bexonwoodhouse.com 

Printed in the UK by CPI Colour, a certified CarbonNeutral® 

printing company, using vegetable based inks and water 

based sealants. The printer and paper manufacturing  

mill are both certified with ISO 14001 Environmental 

Management systems standards and both are Forest 

Stewardship Council® (FSC®) certified.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

01

At a glance 
Strategic report 
A caring and responsible business  

What we are here for and our role

We are a caring and responsible business. 
At its heart is a core social purpose to help 
people at one of the most difficult times  
in their lives. 

It is through the ongoing dedication  
of our people, our commitment to 
responsible business practice, and by 
making a meaningful contribution to 
society, that we will ensure we fulfil  
both our purpose and our potential.

A core social  
purpose

& vital frontline role

As one of the funeral industry leaders, we 
have played our part during the evolving and 
unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. We 
have worked closely with the Government 
and wider funeral sector to ensure that we 
deliver the services that are needed.  

By managing our business proactively,  
we have been able to respond, prioritise  
and adapt with pace and agility to these 
extraordinary circumstances – for our clients, 
colleagues and those who use our facilities.   

 
 
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02    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

At a glance continued 
Strategic report

A strong, resilient and  
sustainable business  

Our distinctive qualities and strengths

Our Services

Funeral services 
We are a major provider of funeral services  
in the UK and we strive to set the highest 
standards of service and care. 

Dignity Funerals provides the bereaved  
with access to our national network of funeral 
directors, where families can arrange a service 
personal to their needs.  

Simplicity Cremations offers less traditional, 
lower cost direct cremation options and smaller, 
family-led services, whilst benefiting from 
Dignity’s high standards of care and a national 
infrastructure of mortuaries and crematoria. 

80,300 (2019: 69,400) 

Number of funerals conducted during 2020. 

795 (2019: 820)  

Number of funeral locations we operate  
in the UK. 

4,900 (2019: 2,700)  

Of the 80,300 funerals conducted 4,900 
relate to Simplicity and branch direct 
cremation based services delivered in 2020.

Crematoria 
The Crematorium and Memorial Group  
(‘CMG’) is the largest single independent 
operator of crematoria in Britain with a 
significant portfolio of well-established and 
state-of-the-art facilities that meet the needs 
of the local communities we serve. 

Our crematoria provide a range of cremation 
services, from basic unattended cremations to 
traditional full services. 

Our extensive, peaceful grounds allow families to 
remember their loved ones in a very personal way. 

74,500 (2019: 64,800)  

Number of  cremations conducted  
during 2020. 

46 (2019: 46) 

Number of  crematoria we operate  
in England and Scotland.

Pre-arranged funerals 
We are one of the UK’s largest providers  
of pre-arranged funerals.  

Our pre-need business allows clients to  
pre-arrange their funeral through our national 
network of funeral locations and established 
relationships with many affinity partners.

558,000 (2019: 523,000) 

Number of active pre-arranged funerals 
as at 25 December 2020.

Our People, Culture and Values

Professionalism, resilience, respect and compassion has been 
vital in the face of the unprecedented challenges and change 
during 2020. We have sought to ensure that our people and 
the bereaved families we serve across the UK have been 
protected and supported during this time. 

Our colleagues across the business have worked flexibly and 
determinedly to deliver services to the highest standards and 
with the care and commitment they always do. 

Our Strengths

• Leading the way for quality of  

client care, facilities and standards. 

• Strong brands and compelling  

client propositions, offering greater 
choice and flexibility. 

• Leading position in the pre-arranged 

funeral market. 

• Focused on delivering excellent 

client service, and positive 
engagement and experience. 

• Unique in our service capabilities  
as a funeral director, a crematoria 
operator and as a pre-arranged 
funeral plan provider. 

• The only provider with a national 
network of funeral locations and 
crematoria. 

• Leading position in the direct 

cremation market. 

• An experienced team and 

Operating Board. 

• Committed to delivering a 

progressive, innovative and 
increasingly more digital-led  
service for clients. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

03

Generating sustainable financial and non-financial value

Our Stakeholders 
and Sustainability

Engaging with a range of stakeholders informs our 
decision-making, builds trust and is key to delivering  
our strategy in the long-term. 

Our stakeholders include our clients, both our Pre-Need 
Funeral Plan holders and the Trustees of the related 
Funeral Plan Trusts, communities, colleagues, investors, 
suppliers, pensioners and trustees of our pension funds, 
and policymakers. For our business to succeed we need 
to maintain strong relationships and open engagement 
with them all.  

We must dedicate time to understand their individual 
needs, expectations and aspirations, as meeting or 
exceeding them is an essential part of the way we  
create and deliver sustainable value.  

Sustainability is about the actions we take to fulfil our 
purpose and our potential. We remain committed to 
driving a sustainable business that is both socially and 
environmentally responsible and commercially 
successful. 

Summary 2020 Challenge 
and Opportunity 

Our business and people have truly been tested by  
the challenging events of 2020. Our response has 
demonstrated the strength and resilience of our 
business, the dedication of our people in whichever role 
they play, and ultimately reaffirmed our commitment  
to our core social purpose.  

We have an opportunity to reposition the business 
along with a clear sustainable growth plan: 

• The final outcome and conclusions of the CMA 

investigation is now determined;  

• Our preparations for regulation of the funeral plan 

market by the FCA are progressing;  

• Our root and branch review is scheduled to conclude  

in the second quarter of 2021; and  

• We are long-term advocates of improving standards, 
quality, transparency, and providing greater choice in  
the funeral sector. 

We are determined to grow both funeral and 
cremation market share on a sustainable organic 
basis whilst safeguarding our future success for  
the benefit of all our stakeholders.

Summary Group Financial Performance 2020

Underlying revenue(1) 

£314.1m 

(2019: £301.3m)

Operating profit 

£15.9m 

(2019: £44.8m)

Underlying operating profit 

£55.7m 

(2019: £63.3m)

Dividends paid in the period 

Basic (loss)/earnings per share 

Underlying earnings per share 

£nil 

(2019: 15.74p)

(51.0)p 
(2019 restated: 61.2p) (2)

46.6p 

(2019: 60.6p)

Number of active pre-arranged funerals 

Cash generated from operations 

Underlying cash generated from operations 

558,000 

(2019: 523,000)

£62.7m 

(2019: £64.6m)

£76.4m 

(2019: £71.8m)

(1) Total underlying revenue was £314.1 million (2019: £301.3 million). On a statutory basis the Group recognised Funeral services revenue of £274.8 million (2019: £262.1 million) and Crematoria revenue  

of £82.7 million (2019: £76.8 million). Pre-arranged funeral plans are not a separate division in statutory terms.  

(2) Prior year basic earnings per share has been restated due to a prior year adjustment in relation to taxation. See page 96 for further details. 

Alternative performance measures (‘APMs’) 
The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, APMs are necessary to enable users of the financial statements to fully understand the 
trading performance and financial position of the business. The APMs provided are aligned with those used in the day-to-day management of the business and allow for greater comparability across periods.  
For this reason, the APMs provided exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts and the changes which relate to the application of IFRS 15 and adoption of IFRS 16, all of which are considered to mask the 
underlying trading performance of the Group, as well as non-underlying items comprising certain non-recurring and non-trading transactions. Further detail may be found on pages 156 to 161.

 
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04    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Executive Chairman’s review 
Strategic report 

Maintaining our resilience 
and focus through change 
Clive Whiley, Executive Chairman | In a unique 
and challenging year, it is the dedication of our  
staff that has enabled continued delivery of our 
services, supported by a refreshed strategy and 
management team. 

Overview 
The year under review represents my first full year as Chairman  
and proved to be a unique and challenging period due to the 
conjunction of events surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, 
ongoing regulatory considerations and the Transformation Plan. 
However, first and foremost the Board is grateful for the constant 
dedication of our staff, whichever role they perform in the business, 
as they continue to respond appropriately to people losing loved 
ones at a time when their ability to grieve and to gain closure 
remains adversely impacted by the pandemic. 

Our people are fundamental to both the Group’s success and 
sustainability and I would like to thank them for their significant 
contribution, resilience and commitment to service during what has 
been an exceptional time for society, bereaved families, our people 
and our business. 

Strategic challenges 
Of the triple challenges highlighted, COVID-19 directly contributed 
to a total UK 2020 annual death-toll of 663,000, an increase of  
14 per cent over 2019, representing the highest total UK deaths 
since 1918, which witnessed the end of WW1 and the Spanish  
Flu pandemic. Moreover, the year-on-year impact swung from  
an increase of one per cent in Q1, to plus 47 per cent in Q2, minus  
two per cent in Q3 and back to plus eight per cent in Q4 with the 
concomitant stress on our funeral and crematoria operations: 
notwithstanding the fact that we deliberately maintain a degree  
of structural overcapacity with, for example, over 20 per cent of 
private sector mortuary capacity.  

At the peak of the pandemic the crisis led to a constricted service 
offering, in the interests of the welfare of our staff and clients, 
alongside higher PPE and temporary staff expenditure which 
translated into underlying operating profit falling by 12 per cent to 
£55.7 million and underlying average revenue per funeral of £2,522 
(2019: £2,930). Government guidance continues to restrict the 
attendance at funerals with limits for all venues, remaining at 30  
in England, 20 in Scotland and 25 in Northern Ireland. In Wales as 
many attendees as the venue can hold whilst respecting social 
distance and COVID-19 Safe protocol is currently allowed. 

Whilst COVID-19 featured heavily in our day-to-day 
activities into the first quarter of 2021, we did not lose 
sight of the numerous project work-streams initiated in 
the last year, aimed at affording the Board the time and 
collateral necessary to allow the business to self-heal, 
without recourse to dilutive funding initiatives.

Deaths in Great Britain 
Latest figures from the ONS indicated COVID-19 deaths in Great Britain (where coronavirus 
(COVID-19) was mentioned on the death certificate) at 87,500 in 2020.

Number of deaths

900,000 
800,000 
700,000 
600,000 
500,000 
400,000 
300,000 
200,000 
100,000 
0

220,000 

200,000 

180,000 

160,000 

140,000 

120,000 

100,000

Source: Office For National Statistics

2017

2018

2019

2020

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

05

We also had to contend with the ongoing CMA market investigation, 
launched in March 2019, which reached an early conclusion with 
the publication of the Final Decision Report issued on 18 December 
2020 (detailed on pages 12 and 13). We engaged openly and 
collaboratively with the CMA throughout the investigation and  
look forward to working with the regulator and the Government  
to ensure the package of remedies work for consumers and are 
implemented effectively across the market.  

In fact, Dignity has been working to raise awareness regarding 
issues of transparency and consistency in quality of care across the 
funerals sector for a number of years and we are determined to 
represent a flagship within the industry for quality and governance. 
In addition, we welcome the decision to introduce statutory 
regulation to pre-arranged funeral plans and are working with  
the FCA as it accelerates the development of its future approach  
(see page 10). 

However, it is the shortcomings exposed by the root and branch 
review, arguably self-inflicted by torpid strategic direction over the 
last decade, as exacerbated by the extreme volatility in volume 
created by the pandemic, that exposed the business most during 
the year. The Transformation Plan, launched with great fanfare  
and at considerable expense in 2018, in my opinion introduced  
too narrow a focus upon one element of the Group, without 
considering the capacity to grow the business organically across its 
full bandwidth. In short, that was tantamount to admitting defeat  
as a Group that had elected for many years to utilise the majority  
of its capital investment buying its way out of deteriorating funeral 
market share (2001: 491 funeral locations and 11.8 per cent funeral 
market share; 2019: 820 funeral locations and 11.7 per cent funeral 
market share). At best that consolidated the heritage of strong 
family businesses and staff that perform well to this day, at worst 
business integration ceased at legal completion: leading to Dignity 
essentially becoming the industry retirement plan for independent 
funeral directors.  

Fortunately, over the same period our cremation market share  
has grown by 70 per cent (2001: 21 crematoria and 6.5 per cent 
cremation market share; 2019: 46 crematoria and 11.1 per cent 
cremation market share) benefitting from a best-in-class capital 
development programme, including nine new build crematoria 
coming on stream as a result. 

Transformation Plan 
The Transformation Plan, which was paused indefinitely on  
3 April 2020 with the onset of the pandemic, was expected to cost 
£50 million over a three year period to deliver mid-range EBITDA 
benefits of approximately £10 million per annum. The root and 
branch review, initiated upon my appointment, identified benefits 
of £8 million in 2020 alone, alongside preserving cash spending  
on transformation of in excess of £30 million, simply from better 
housekeeping. Furthermore Project 20:20, which is the final 
component of the root and branch review, will now shoulder the 
burden of effecting appropriate changes to staff working practices 
within our funeral division. This project is designed to determine  
the optimal scope, size and logistics of our care centre and branch 
network, having due regard to both the extensive learnings from 
the Transformation Plan alongside output from the pricing,  
product and other trial propositions in train. 

Strategic update 

Future Strategic Direction 
Whilst COVID-19 obviously featured heavily in our day-to-day 
activities into the first quarter of 2021, we have not lost sight of 
the numerous project work-streams initiated in the last year, 
aimed at affording the Board the time and collateral necessary 
to allow the business to self-heal, without recourse to dilutive 
funding initiatives. In that context: 

• The root and branch review is scheduled to conclude in  

the second quarter of 2021; 

• The refocusing of the investment management strategy for  

the pre-need Trusts successfully validated the combined trust 
assets at a level of some £1 billion alongside implementing  
a more defensive risk profile and significantly reduced  
annual fees; 

• A record 558,000 people have pre-arranged their funerals  

with Dignity, a ten year CAGR of 10 per cent and we continue 
to strive to set the industry standard; 

  The consultation paper on the proposed FCA approach to 
regulation of funeral plans was published on 2 March and,  
if enacted as published, would have a profound impact on  
the industry. This is notwithstanding the core strength of our 
Funeral Plan Trusts, with assets at a level of some £1 billion  
and our ability to perform the at need funeral commitment 
from within our own funeral division. Accordingly, we are in the 
process of reviewing the possible ramifications for our longer-
term instalment funeral plan sales and the anticipated higher 
cancellations thereon and will report on that in due course; 

• We commissioned an independent valuation report for our 
standalone crematoria operations, which retain the benefit  
of several active planning consents as well as the marginal 
capacity to perform a materially higher volume, as both a 
datum from which to determine future capital structure and  
a defence in the event of an unwelcome approach for the 
Group; and  

• The ongoing success of Simplicity Cremations, launched as a 

challenger brand in December 2016, which delivered a record 
of 4,300 direct cremation based services in 2020 (an increase 
of 106 per cent) has reinforced our determination to ultimately 
become the sector leader. 

As detailed above, I am satisfied that the Board now has a  
very clear understanding of our strategic objectives, with an 
overarching desire to significantly grow both funeral and 
cremation market share over the next five years on a sustainable 
organic basis: whilst preserving our core values built around 
quality, providing excellent client service and high standards  
of care.

Completing the 
root and branch 
review

Safeguarding 
our future 
success

Delivering a 
sustainable 
growth plan

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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06    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Executive Chairman’s review continued 
Strategic report 

Board changes 
As noted, the onset of the pandemic forced us to accelerate the  
root and branch review, alongside pausing the Transformation Plan 
in order to preserve cash resources, ahead of anticipated volatility in 
funeral and cremation volumes over both 2020 and 2021, also 
heralded wholesale change at board level, where: 

• On 11 March 2020 Dean Moore joined the Group as a Non-

Executive Director, succeeding as Chair of the Audit Committee  
on 11 June 2020 before becoming Interim Chief Financial Officer 
on 14 December 2020; 

• On 3 April 2020 we agreed with Mike McCollum, who had been a 
significant influence behind the Group for over twenty years, that 
the approaching strategic crossroads represented an appropriate 
time for him to hand over as Chief Executive Officer and I agreed 
to step up to the role of Executive Chairman; 

• On 3 April Jane Ashcroft, who had completed her contractual term 

as a Non-Executive Director, stepped down from the Board; 

• David Blackwood, who served as Senior Independent Director and 
as Interim Non-Executive Chairman prior to my appointment on 
26 September 2019 and Chair of the Audit Committee thereafter, 
did not seek re-election at the AGM held on 11 June 2020; 

• Gillian Kent, who has strong digital transformation experience, 

joined the Board on 11 June 2020 as an independent Non-
Executive Director and as Chair of the Remuneration Committee; 

• On 14 December, we reached an agreement with both Steve 
Whittern, Finance Director and Richard Portman, Corporate 
Services Director, to step down from the Board, which they both 
did in December;  

• Andrew Judd, Director of the Group’s funeral operations and a 

member of the Operating Board, joined the Board as an additional 
Executive Director with effect from 14 December 2020; and 

• Paul Humphreys joined the Board on 23 February 2021, as an 
independent Non-Executive Director and as Chair of the Audit 
Committee.  

We are currently engaged in seeking a new Chief Financial Officer 
and we will continue our search for an appropriate candidate for 
the role of Chief Executive Officer, coterminous with the outcome of 
the root and branch review. Following these proposed appointments, 
we believe that we will have a plc Board that is appropriate for  
a company of our size, nature and circumstances. Furthermore,  
we now have a cohort of Non-Executive Directors with deeply 
embedded and relevant skills who are directly contributing to the 
change process and interface cohesively with the Operating Board. 

As we approach the end of this period of major change our 
management needs and requirements have evolved as we become 
singularly focused upon our future strategic direction. Accordingly, 
we have also refreshed the majority of our Operating Board 
including identifying a strong candidate for the role of Chief 
Operating Officer and welcoming several new additions to our 
Senior Leadership Team: bringing renewed diversity alongside 
relevant skills and expertise.  

Finally, we are fortunate to have a workforce that demonstrates  
a professionalism, pride and empathy in their work and we are 
placing a renewed focus upon long-term staff wellbeing, in addition 
to the advanced PPE and vaccination programmes specific to the 
pandemic, as we seek to enhance the cohesion between the Board 
and the workplace. 

Dividend Policy 
The Company has not paid a dividend since June 2019 and the 
Directors do not expect to pay dividends until the business  
has returned to a sustainable and stable financial footing, 
notwithstanding the fact that the Group retains significant cash 
resources and remains cash generative. The Directors understand 
the importance of optimising total shareholder return, as well as  
the need to maintain a balance between different groups of 
stakeholders, and it is the Directors’ intention to return to paying  
a dividend as soon as they believe it is financially prudent for the 
Group to do so.  

Summary outlook 

Unfortunately, notwithstanding the significant progress the 
business has made since my appointment, our largest shareholder 
Phoenix Asset Management Partners, with whom we believed  
we were having a constructive dialogue in relation to the future 
strategy of the business, has chosen this moment to seek to  
assert what would, in effect, be executive control at Board level. 

Whilst, in my view, the Group is now sufficiently robust to  
sustain this wholly avoidable and unnecessary challenge, it is 
nonetheless an unwelcome distraction as we remain dedicated to 
dealing with the ongoing fallout from the pandemic. To minimise 
disruption, the independent directors have been charged with 
taking the necessary steps to convene the required general 
meeting of shareholders and they will share their views on the 
resolutions to be considered at that time. It will then be for 
shareholders to decide on the merits of the Phoenix proposal.

Our response to COVID-19 and how we have considered 
stakeholders during this time 

• Our commitment to our core social purpose and to being a 

responsible business is central to the way in which we operate. 
This has been the governing principle behind our response to  
the COVID-19 pandemic. The Board has continued to monitor  
its responsibilities to its stakeholder groups. Good engagement 
has been crucial in understanding the views of our stakeholders 
in order to make informed decisions during this period of 
unprecedented challenge.  

• Throughout this Annual Report, we provide examples of how we: 
take into account the likely consequences of long-term decisions; 
build relationships with stakeholders; understand the importance 
of delivering for our clients; engaging with our employees; the 
impact of our operations on society, the communities we serve 
and the environment we depend on; and attribute importance to 
behaving as a responsible business. Details of how the Board has 
complied with Section 172 and how we engage with stakeholders 
can be found on pages 42 and 43. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

07

Accountability

A strong and experienced 
Operating Board 

We have identified clear priorities to be 
delivered through the Group going forward, 
all driven by our refreshed strategy. The 
Board has taken the opportunity to 
consider the most effective management 
structure to lead and deliver this strategy, 
with a refined Operating Board, consisting 
of the following members: 

Clive Whiley 
Executive Chairman 

 Dean Moore 
Interim Chief Financial Officer 

 Andrew Judd 
Executive Director of Funeral Operations 

 Steve Gant  
Crematoria Director 

 Paul Toghill 
Director of Pre Arrangement 

 Mark Hull  
Marketing Director 

 Alan Lathbury 
Business Development Director 

Dean Moore, Interim Chief  
Financial Officer  

In light of the management and Board 
changes, Dean Moore, who joined the 
Group as a Non-Executive Director in March 
2020, was appointed as Interim Chief 
Financial Officer in December. In his interim 
CFO role, Dean is focused on working with 
the Operating Board to safeguard the 
future success of the business – delivering 
both value for shareholders, and a 
sustainable growth plan. 

We remain determined to grow both 
funeral and cremation market share 
and safeguard our future success for 
the benefit of all our stakeholders.  
Clive Whiley, Executive Chairman  

The following pages outline the Operating 
Board’s perspectives and approach. 

         Full biographies for the Operating Board can  

be found on page 52.  

         Details of the Financial review can be found on  

pages 22 to 26.

Operating Board perspective 

Ensuring the client is at the heart of every decision we make is in our  
DNA and crucial to the delivery of our strategy, our operational and 
commercial focus.  

Our client-led approach builds on our purpose and distinctive qualities  
and strengths. It positions us well to respond to the changing market 
environment and the opportunities this presents.

A strong and 
caring business 
with a core 
social purpose

1

Andrew Judd is responsible for the 
provision of funeral services through 
our network of colleagues and funeral 
locations ensuring we provide a 
consistently high standard of client 
service and care for the deceased.

2

Steve Gant is responsible for the 
operation of our crematoria and 
cemeteries and provision of memorials. 
He is a long-standing advocate for high-
quality facilities in the industry with 
continuous investment and development.

Committed to 
remaining 
operational  
and keeping 
people safe

Preparing for 
effective 
regulation of  
the funeral  
plan market

3

Paul Toghill has responsibility for 
Dignity Pre Arrangement including 
proposition, distribution, marketing 
and operations. He is also preparing 
the business for regulation of the 
funeral plan market by the Financial 
Conduct Authority (‘FCA’).

4

Mark Hull is responsible for delivering 
the Group’s marketing strategy including 
brand development, digital marketing 
and product and price proposition, in 
addition to providing market and client 
experience analysis.

Compelling 
propositions, 
positive client 
experience and 
engagement

Responding to 
the CMA in a 
changing and 
competitive 
market

5

Alan Lathbury has led Dignity’s open  
and constructive dialogue with the CMA’s 
investigation into the provision of funeral 
and cremation services. He is also 
responsible for the development of our 
crematoria business through acquisition, 
public/private partnerships or construction 
of new locations.

6

Clive Whiley as Executive Chairman 
provides leadership, advice and 
direction to the Operating Board by 
facilitating the decision-making. He is 
also responsible for developing the 
Group’s long-term business strategy, 
vision and values pending recruitment 
of the new CEO. 

A leading 
position in  
the direct 
cremation 
market

 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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A strong and caring business with  
a core social purpose 
Andrew Judd, Executive Director of Funeral Operations | We are 
honoured to serve our communities, continually providing vital services 
with expertise and compassion.  

I pride myself on having first-hand 
experience of arranging and conducting 
funerals built across a lifelong career in an 
industry I am hugely passionate about. It is 
these insights I will bring wholeheartedly 
into our discussions and ultimately our 
decision-making. 

Supporting our people and 
bereaved families through the 
pandemic 

Impact of COVID-19 on funerals 
Arranging and conducting funerals that are 
memorable and dignified is what we do, 
but the pandemic has placed restrictions 
on how we can deliver these services.   

With limited numbers of mourners  
able to attend a burial or cremation, we 
have adapted the way we work to offer  
an alternative approach we call our 
Timeless Funeral.  

This involves an intimate funeral for close 
family members now, who can still say 
goodbye in a meaningful, respectful and 
safe way.   

Then, once restrictions are fully eased,  
we can arrange a suitable memorial or 
celebration of life service at a later date, 
more in line with the client’s original 
expectations, as well as the wishes  
of the deceased. 

We implemented significant changes  
to our working practices and provided 
enhanced personal protective equipment 
to help ensure everyone’s safety in all 
situations and environments. Teams  
used their skills to navigate complex and 
frequently changing guidelines on caring  
for the deceased, some of which varied 
across the four devolved nations where  
we offer our services. 

Above all, we put clients first in extremely 
demanding circumstances. Funerals should 
always be deeply personal occasions, which 
is why colleagues worked tirelessly to 
ensure the preferences and individual 
wishes of families still found space for 
expression, even amidst the restrictions 
required to stay COVID-secure.  

Constantly adapting 
While often borne out of necessity, our 
experiences this year have highlighted 
alternative ways of doing things that have 
the potential to enhance our proposition 
going forward.   

By embracing digital technology, we can 
interact with our clients at a distance, if that 
makes them feel more comfortable, as well 
as in person. It enables funeral services to 
be shared with family members and friends 
who are unable to attend and helps us plan 
for future opportunities to honour and 
remember those who have died.    

I have already referred to the strain the 
pandemic placed on us operationally, but  
it also made clear the importance of 
safeguarding the mental health of our 
people. We are actively promoting a safe 
working environment where anyone can 
voice concerns or anxieties and access help.  

As attention turns to the year ahead,  
we know the challenges presented by 
COVID-19 will remain for some time yet.  
Experience is on our side and I am confident 
that same resilient attitude of our people 
will come to the fore again. 

Our scope, however, must be wider than 
COVID-19. We need to constantly adapt  
to changing consumer preferences and 
respond appropriately to issues raised by 
the CMA through its market investigation. 

This focus on client needs resonates firmly 
with us and is absolutely the right thing  
to do and is reflected in my recent 
appointment to the Group Board.  

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The strength of our people during  
the year has been nothing short  
of inspirational. They remained 
accountable in their roles as critical 
workers and continued to take the 
greatest care.

Rising to the challenge 
Dignity works in a unique industry and 
succeeds by helping people through difficult 
times with respect, openness and care.  
Our operational colleagues are integral to 
this success, representing one of the most 
important interfaces in the business –  
our service to clients. 

We endeavour to make a positive difference 
to an essential societal need, but 2020, and 
specifically limitations caused by the COVID-
19 pandemic, have tested our collective 
resolve like never before. 

The strength of our people during the year 
has been nothing short of inspirational.  
They remained accountable in their roles  
as critical workers and continued to take the 
greatest care, perhaps not with the public 
visibility or acclaim that other frontline 
responders had, but always with a level of 
professionalism and sensitivity that clients 
appreciated. 

Together we arranged and delivered more 
funerals for our clients than at any other 
time in our history, even when our 
operational capacity was under strain. 

Financial summary 2020             H1          H2            FY 
                                                                                   £m          £m          £m 

Underlying operating 
profit – 2019                                       30.5    25.8     56.3 
Impact of:  
Number of deaths                            20.3       3.3     23.6 

Market share                                        4.4       0.1       4.5 

Average revenues                           (19.0)  (11.3)  (30.3) 

Net cost base changes                    (2.5)     (1.6)     (4.1) 

Underlying operating                             
profit – 2020                                      33.7    16.3     50.0 

See Operating Review for further details.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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The CMG has worked tirelessly  
to create an environment where 
bereaved families can safely say  
a respectful goodbye to their  
loved ones.

Adapting to change 
2020 was an extraordinary year. I am very 
proud of how The Crematorium and 
Memorial Group (‘CMG’) responded to 
challenges that none of us had previously 
faced in our careers. Our commitment to 
remaining operational has been evident  
and we continued to provide a vital service 
throughout the pandemic.  

CMG has been active in encouraging a 
consistent, sector wide response to the 
pandemic by local authorities, private 
crematorium operators, industry bodies 
and the funeral directors that use our 
facilities. We have met weekly with central 
government to offer our expertise and 
regularly shared information about our 
service capabilities with Local Resilience 
Forums. 

Due to the pandemic, we have needed to  
be flexible and make significant changes to 
the way we operate. This has included the 
provision of additional service slots during 
weekdays or weekends. As just one example 
of our continuity planning, approximately  

Operating safely  
From supplies of PPE, to detailed operational 
guidance and the installation of protective 
screens, we have provided colleagues with 
the equipment and knowledge they need to 
provide essential services in a COVID-safe way. 

Easing the burden  
Our Stay Well campaign has promoted 
wellbeing and positive mental health.   
All colleagues have access to our Employee 
Assistance Programme so they can 
confidentially seek professional support  
at any time. 

Committed to remaining operational 
and keeping people safe 
Steve Gant, Crematoria Director | A long-standing advocate of high 
standards in the industry; continued investment and development.

60 colleagues were upskilled, and each 
crematorium partnered with a neighbouring 
CMG facility to provide greater flexibility  
of resources.  

Leading the sector in this way was 
instrumental in assisting as many mourners 
as possible to participate in the funeral 
during lockdown. 

Restrictions to funerals, such as the number 
of attendees or the closure and re-opening 
of cemeteries, crematoria grounds and 
offices to visitors, has presented the 
challenge of keeping the public informed 
about the services we were able to provide 
within these guidelines. 

Enhancing our locations 
As a long-standing advocate of high 
standards, we continually invest in our 
crematoria to ensure we have modern 
facilities that meet the changing needs  
of local communities or to react to 
operational needs.  

While we continue our long-term programme 
of investment and refurbishment, we 
sometimes need to respond quickly to 
incidents outside of our control. During  
the year, Haltemprice and Randall’s Park 
crematoria respectively suffered damage 
from fire and flooding. We took the 
opportunity to not only refurbish these 
crematoria, but also to modernise them  
in line with our other flagship facilities. 

Looking forward  
I am confident about the future of CMG and 
our ability to serve both funeral directors 
and the bereaved in our local communities.  

We will continue to respond to the 
challenges of the pandemic but will also 
endeavour to future proof our facilities and 
install the latest technology, so we set a high 
bar for the crematoria sector in terms of 
standards and choice. 

Financial summary 2020             H1          H2            FY 
                                                                                   £m          £m          £m 

Underlying operating 
profit – 2019                                       20.8    17.6      38.4 

Impact of:  
Number of deaths                              7.4      0.4        7.8 

Market share                                        0.9      0.1        1.0 

Average revenues                             (4.3)      1.4     (2.9) 

Cost base changes                             (1.1)    (0.4)     (1.5) 

Underlying operating                             
profit – 2020                                      23.7    19.1     42.8 

See Operating Review for further details.

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We also witnessed an increased demand for 
unattended direct cremations. We adapted 
to meet this challenge whilst continuing to 
provide facilities for those that wanted a 
more traditional cremation service.  

Protecting our community and our 
colleagues 
The safety of our visitors and colleagues is 
one of my greatest priorities. To help reduce 
transmission of COVID-19 and ensure that 
social distancing guidelines were followed, 
we have invested in PPE, perspex screens  
in our public offices and created one-way 
systems at all our crematoria. We have also 
ensured there is enough time between 
services to thoroughly sanitise our facilities. 

Maximising our investment in technology 
In recent years, we have invested in audio 
visual equipment at the majority of our 
crematoria which this year has proven to  
be a timely and invaluable addition to  
the services we offer. We can provide 
personalised tributes to the person that 
died, but also record or webcast the funeral 
for those that cannot attend the service.  

During the first half of the year our 
installation programme was accelerated  
at the remaining sites.  

Clear and accessible advice  
Stay at home instructions shifted client  
focus away from locations and more  
towards our digital information channels. 
Dignity’s funeral and crematoria websites 
were regularly updated with comprehensive 
advice on planning and attending a service  
in line with changing COVID restrictions.   
We also shared insight and responded  
to general queries via our social media 
platforms.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Preparing for effective regulation  
of the funeral plan market 
Paul Toghill, Director of Pre Arrangement | Statutory regulation 
presents a significant opportunity to create a market that consistently 
delivers the best outcomes for all consumers.

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As one of the UK’s leading providers 
of pre-arranged funerals, Dignity is  
a long-term advocate for stronger 
market controls. We welcome the 
decision to introduce statutory 
regulation and are working closely 
with the FCA as it develops its  
future approach.

Market context 
In an unprecedented year, Dignity’s funeral 
planning business has demonstrated its 
resilience and an ability to deliver a strong 
market performance, despite the distraction 
and disruption of external factors. 

Whilst COVID-19 has taken its toll on the 
wider societal and economic environment, 
we have continued to provide clients 
exemplary levels of service, adapting and 
being flexible in the environment in which 
we have been operating. This client-focused 
adaptability is a trait we pride ourselves on, 
this year seeing both growth in our core 
funeral plan offering as well as in our direct 
cremation funeral plan model. Our position 
of strength in being both a funeral director 
and funeral plan provider allows us to 
continue to offer clients both a competitive 
price point and a market-leading, feature  
rich product proposition.   

We have also continued to grow our 
business through our corporate partners, 
including testing different distribution 
models and some innovative products 
shaped around specific client needs. We 
launched a number of new partnerships in 
2020, which has given us the opportunity to 
grow our volumes further. In addition, 2021 
will see us launch a number of initiatives to 
grow and develop our funeral director and 
direct distribution models. 

In addition to funeral plans we continue to 
work alongside a number of large UK insurers 
to provide funeral propositions which bolt 
on to their whole of life assurance products.   

Regulation and the funeral plan market 
In March 2020, HM Treasury announced that 
prepaid funeral plans would be subject to 
regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority 
(‘FCA’). This decision followed several years  
of campaigning by Dignity. We believe 
regulation will prevent the small number  
of unscrupulous firms undermining what  
is otherwise a responsible industry. On  
2 March 2021 the FCA published their 
consultation paper with their proposed 
approach to regulation. 

If the FCA rules are enacted in the way  
they are currently drafted they will have a 
profound impact on both the wider industry 
and Dignity. We welcome the opportunity to 
work closely with the FCA over the coming 
months to ensure the rules provide the 
much needed consumer protection, but also 
supporting the FCA in their understanding  

of the potential unintended consequences  
a commission ban would have in removing 
quality distributors that provide a valuable 
customer service from the market as well  
as those that are undermining the industry.   
We have also taken a decision to reduce  
our instalment terms on the majority of our 
plans from 25 to 10 years with effect from 
May. We will be reviewing alternative low-
cost product options in the coming months. 

Committed to a move towards  
a better market 
Ahead of statutory regulation, we have  
been working diligently to ensure the FCA 
readiness of our business. We are already  
an organisation that has market-leading, 
feature rich products, competitively priced 
with high service standards. The majority  
of our team already have regulated 
backgrounds, as do many of our corporate 
partners, such as those in the building 
society and insurance space.  

Despite any impact the current drafting  
may have on our volumes as a result of a 
commission ban, we remain confident that 
Dignity is in a strong market position, and 
that we will be able to deliver products and  
a service that will meet and exceed the 
regulatory standards set to be established 
across the market.

Helping consumers make informed decisions

Regulation timeline

Providing consumers with high 
standards and value:  

         Value – we offer some of the most 

comprehensive plans on the market, 
underpinned by our cremation 
disbursement guarantee.  

         Choice – we deliver a wide range of choice, 

flexibility and price options.  
         Trust – we provide funeral plans  

consumers can trust and know that their 
money is secure.  

         Quality – we are committed to high-quality 
service standards and improving outcomes 
for consumers.

2019 
June HM Treasury consult on 
statutory regulation through 
the FCA. 

2021 
March consultation paper issued. 
April responses to consultation  
to be submitted.  
Q3 Policy Statement with Final Rules 
will be published.  
September FCA application open.

2026 
FCA to evaluate the 
effectiveness of their 
measures.

2020 
March HM Treasury confirmation. 
November HM Treasury lay  
required legislation.

2022 
July FCA to regulate 
funeral plans. 

Planning ahead for peace of mind 
1,089,000  
Pre-arranged funerals 

We have already helped more than 1,089,000 
customers plan for their funerals in advance,  
of which 558,000 remain outstanding.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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We are committed to ensuring clients 
achieve positive outcomes through  
all their interactions with us, evolving 
to meet their changing needs and 
expectations and providing greater 
choice and flexibility.

Funeral Notices 
We offer a complementary online Funeral Notice 
service providing our clients with a simple and 
respectful way of sharing the details of their loved 
one’s funeral online with family and friends. 

• 23,750 clients published a Funeral Notice in 2020. 
• Over 4.2 million views of a Funeral Notice. 
• Handled over £2.5 million in donations to clients’ 

chosen charities through Funeral Notices.

Compelling propositions, positive  
client experience and engagement 
Mark Hull, Marketing Director | Providing greater choice and flexibility 
is an important part of Dignity’s broader offering to clients, enabling 
them to engage with us in a manner that suits them; to choose a service 
that works best for them, whilst we continue to take the greatest care of 
our clients. It is central to our reputation and relationships and key to our 
ability to create value and grow market share.

A leading digital offer 
Like many businesses today, our client 
journey now typically begins online. In 2010, 
only nine per cent of our Dignity Funeral 
clients found our details through the internet, 
last year it was over half. For Simplicity 
Cremations with no physical branches, every 
single Simplicity client will have started online. 

Therefore, it is essential that we make it easy 
for potential clients to find us online then 
provide meaningful help and advice when 
they reach our websites. Our websites 
provide comprehensive guidance from 
subject matter experts on everything to do 
with funerals or funeral plans. Each branch 
also has a micro-site containing localised 
information about that business and its 
products and services, including pricing. 

We have achieved a lot in the past three 
years – our combined website traffic has 
grown from just over 1 million hits in 2017 to 
5.13 million in 2020. Our digital channels are 
continuing to generate increasing volumes  
of calls into our branches, enquiries to our 
Simplicity call centre and sales of Funeral 
Plans. We have been awarded the Feefo 
Platinum Trusted Service Award for both 
Simplicity and Dignity in 2020 and we passed 
10,000 online reviews for our local businesses 
with an average rating of 4.89 out of 5. 

Providing digital solutions during  
the pandemic 
The pandemic has increased our clients’ 
digital interaction with us. Our websites 
provide the latest information and help 
clients understand what type of funeral is still 
possible within the Government restrictions 
– both through our funeral business and at 
our crematoria. We adapted our processes 
and products, including distanced 
arrangements being made using digital  

information packs and we’ve enabled  
more people to view funeral services  
through streaming. 

Providing greater choice and flexibility 
The pricing of funerals is complex and 
requires testing to ensure that it’s easy for 
the bereaved to understand exactly what 
they are paying for. The pace of change  
and evolution in the funeral market has 
accelerated significantly with increased 
demand for personalised funerals, products 
such as direct cremation and woodland 
burials; and specialist needs in areas of the 
UK where traditions, strength of religious 
beliefs and the demographic make-up are  
all changing. 

During 2020, we constantly trialled different 
products and prices and we haven’t been 
afraid to try alternatives that benefit both  
the business and clients. Over 250 branches 
currently have comprehensive price lists 
online, with the remainder to be updated  
by Summer 2021. 

An award-winning team 
I am very proud of the team I lead and our 
continued progress in creating a leading 
marketing function that attracts and retains 
exceptional marketing talent. In support of 
this, I am delighted that our work for Dignity 
and Simplicity has been recognised in 2020 
with accolades at both the Marketing Society 
Brave Awards and the Chartered Institute  
of Marketing Excellence Awards. 

42.5 per cent increase in call volumes 
Our website continues to provide an 
increasing volume of calls into our local 
businesses, with 228,673 trackable calls in 
2020 (+42.5 per cent year-over-year). 

Creating a clear brand identity 
We continue to develop the identities of  
the Group and its component businesses.  
In the past, funeral directors had little need 
for marketing, however, in an increasingly 
competitive sector, with demand for a  
wider range of products, it’s imperative to 
differentiate ourselves from other providers. 

The way we market our business has 
changed a great deal in the past three years, 
but there remains a lot to do. To continue  
to create value and grow market share we 
use a blend of national and local marketing, 
utilise the latest tools and techniques and 
ultimately make the decision for the client  
to use us an easy one.

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5.13 million 

We have achieved a lot in the past three 
years – our combined website traffic has 
grown from just over 1 million in 2017 to  
5.13 million in 2020. 

The role of technology during the  
COVID-19 pandemic 
We adapted our processes and products, 
including distanced arrangements being 
made using digital information packs and 
we’ve enabled more people to view funeral 
services through streaming.

Digital trends 

As digital adoption trends evolve we  
continue to invest in technology and expertise 
to ensure we can make it easy for people to 
find us online and that their digital experience 
is supportive and useful.

3.9 million 
Visitors to our Dignity website 

During 2020, we received 3.9 million visitors 
to www.dignityfunerals.co.uk.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Responding to the CMA in a changing 
and competitive market  
Alan Lathbury, Business Development Director | The funeral sector 
remains fiercely competitive and continues to evolve notwithstanding 
the impact of COVID-19. The CMA’s investigation into the sector provides 
a significant opportunity to align standards and protect consumers.

The UK funeral market 
The UK funeral market is becoming more 
dynamic – it is more digital than ever before, 
and more driven by the evolving client 
needs. However, in 2020 the operation of 
the funeral industry was largely determined 
by the necessary Government restrictions 
put in place to reduce COVID-19 transmission 
rates. The long-term effects of these 
precautions and the impact on consumer 
behaviour will emerge as the restrictions  
are lifted.  

Scale and structure of the market 
The funeral director market remains very 
fragmented, with approximately two-thirds 
of funeral directors being small owner 
managed businesses. There are 
approximately 300 crematoria in the UK, 
with circa 64 per cent owned by local 
authorities. It is estimated that three 
quarters of all funerals result in a cremation 
with the remainder being burials. 

Changes in the competitive dynamics  
of the sector 
The funeral market is already extremely 
competitive; however, more can be done to 
improve the ability of clients to exercise the 
choice that exists, especially through greater 
pricing transparency. The CMA process has 
proposed measures to help address this 
across the market. 

Deaths in Great Britain 
In 2020 initial total estimated deaths in 
Great Britain for 52 weeks was 663,000,  
14 per cent higher than the 52 weeks in 
2019. Some of the Group’s key performance 
indicators rely on the total number of 
estimated deaths for each period and this 
information is obtained from the Office for 
National Statistics (‘ONS’). Although annual 
deaths have declined significantly since  
the early 1990s from 640,000 to a low of 
539,000 in 2011, the last six years have seen 
deaths above that level. The ONS (2019 
based projections) expects long-term 
increases in the number of deaths, but 
these projections have been impacted  
as a result of COVID-19.  

CMA Market Investigation 

Overview 
In November 2018 the CMA announced its 
investigation into the funeral and crematoria 
industry. This came 20 years after the last 
study of the sector by the former competition 
regulator (Monopolies and Mergers 
Commission) and followed several months 
of market engagement. The CMA sought  
to ‘review how well the market works and 
whether consumers are getting a good deal.’ 

What followed was two years of engagement 
with providers in the sector, including Dignity, 
as well as wider calls for evidence from third 
sector organisations (such as bereavement 
charities and consumer groups). 

The CMA has concluded that consumers 
find it intrinsically challenging to purchase a 
funeral and can be hindered by lack of easily 
accessible and comparable information,  
an inability to observe the quality of care 
provided, and by barriers to entry and local 
concentration in crematoria services. 

Dignity’s participation and response 
During the investigation we have responded 
to the formal CMA process, whilst also 
offering sector expertise through our 
engagement with the regulator. Our input 
has included: 

• Over 11 responses to CMA “Requests  

For Information” (‘RFI’).  

• Supply of thousands of historical e-mail 

correspondence. 

• Direct engagement via eight face-to-face  
or virtual meetings with the CMA team. 

As part of our contributions and evidence  
to the regulatory process, we hosted  
visits with both CMA panel members and  
its wider executive team. This offered a 
platform for Dignity to showcase its market-
leading services, for both front and back  
of house facilities. 

Key considerations we’ve communicated  
to the CMA include: 

• Ensuring that service elements of the 

funeral process were fully understood and 
assessed, alongside other key aspects, 
such as price and transparency.  

• Strongly recommending that any 
regulation must be independent, 
consumer-focused, and implemented  

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Dignity has engaged openly, and 
constructively with the CMA since the 
market investigation into the supply 
of services by funeral directors at  
the point of need and the supply of 
crematoria services was announced 
in 2018 and strongly supports the 
opportunity to improve standards 
within the sector.

Market Drivers 
Societal 
• The way people arrange a funeral is 

changing – moving away from tradition 
and becoming increasingly digital and 
personalised. 

Competition 

• To ensure the sector remains 

competitive, it must evolve and 
modernise services in a way that better 
meets client priorities and expectations.   

Regulation 
• Dignity has been leading the call for 

regulation and higher standards in the 
funeral sector. 

Impact of COVID-19  

The whole of the UK has been affected  
by COVID-19 and this has had an 
unparalleled impact on the number  
of deaths registered in 2020. Latest 
figures from the ONS indicated  
COVID-19 deaths in Great Britain  
(where coronavirus (COVID-19)  
was mentioned on the death  
certificate) at 87,500 in 2020.

  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Recommendation for new inspection and 
registration scheme to improve the quality 
of funeral directors’ back-of-house standards. 
This covers collection and transport, care, 
storage and preparation of the deceased. 
This will potentially be funded through  
a levy or license fee imposed on funeral 
directors. 

After this date, Dignity and others in  
the industry will be required to share 
information with the CMA. This reporting 
and future engagement with Dignity and  
the wider sector, will enable the regulator  
to ensure its remedies are being applied 
correctly, and to understand if the actions 
are effective in supporting the bereaved. 

for all funeral and crematoria services 
providers to ensure a consistent level of 
consumer standards across the market. 

• Highlighting the capital investment made 

by Dignity to continually deliver high 
service standards, including provision of 
mortuary capacity, development of our 
employees, and investment in technology. 

It is clear from the financial data 2018 to 
2020 that both funeral mix and average 
funeral revenues have been affected by 
structural changes in the market and the 
COVID-19 pandemic. We have worked with 
the CMA to ensure that the increased level 
of competition and increased engagement 
of consumers through online activity will not 
be restricted or limited by the proposed 
future remedies. 

Underlying average revenue (£)

4,000 

3,000 

2,000 

1,000 

0

3,800

3,735

3,578

3,337

2017

2018

2019

2020

Full Service Revenue

It will be important for Dignity to continue to 
work closely with the CMA and Government 
on the implementation and structuring  
of regulation, including any appointed 
regulator, building on the platform already 
being developed by the Funeral Service 
Consumer Standards Review (‘FSCSR’). 
Accordingly, we have strengthened  
our Senior Leadership Team with the 
appointment of a Head of Governance 
reporting directly to the Chairman. 

Commercial remedies that build on and 
improve recent industry progress to help 
consumers fully engage with the economic 
aspects of choosing a funeral provider. 

 The key elements of this are: 

• A Price List that adheres to a specified  

CMA template. 

• Provision of business information to clients. 

• Prohibition of certain types of commercial 

arrangements. 

The statutory deadline for the implementation 
of the remedies is 17 June 2021. We already 
comply with many of the remedies and 
expect to meet this deadline. 

We are a long-term advocate  
of improving standards, quality, 
transparency and providing greater 
choice in the funeral sector. 
CMA Market Investigation summary 
As one of the UK’s major funeral related 
service providers, Dignity has welcomed 
and worked with the CMA at each stage 
of the investigation process. We support 
the conclusions, which focus on 
measures to support consumer choice 
and transparency. We also welcome the 
CMA’s recommendation to Government 
for quality and standards regulation in 
the UK. 

During the next phase of the regulatory 
process, which includes a public 
consultation on the outlined ‘commercial 
remedies’, we look forward to further 
engagement with the CMA to ensure the 
best long-term outcome for our clients 
and the bereaved. 

We firmly believe that for the proposed 
remedies to be truly effective for 
consumers, they must be applied across 
all funeral directors and crematoria. This 
is vital to ensure that all consumers of 
funeral services are equally protected.  

Overall, we are confident that the 
remedies will help the sector meet the 
evolving demands of its clients’ and 
continue to improve consumer choice 
and propositions in the market.

Dignity has led the calls for greater 
regulation of both at need and pre-
arranged funeral sectors, while 
continuing to set the standard for  
what constitutes best practice in the 
industry.

CMA Market Investigation timeline

2018 
• CMA announced a market 

study into the funeral 
industry. 

• Nov 2018 CMA issued 

funeral market study interim 
report and consultation.

2019 
• In Apr 2019 CMAs issue  
statement published. 

2020 
• Jun 2020 deadline for all parties’ 
responses to working papers 
published in February. 

• Jun 2020 deadline for final 

submissions before the Provisional 
Decision Report. 

• Aug 2020 Provisional Decision 

Report published. 

• Sept/Oct 2020 Provisional Decision 

Response (‘PDR’) hearings. 

• Dec 2020 CMA issue Final Decision 

Report (‘FDR’).

2021 
• 17 Jun 2021 Statutory 

deadline. 

2018

2019

2020

COVID-19 
pandemic  
impact and 
response 

2021

• Dignity’s response  
to interim report.

• Dignity letter issued  

in Jan 2019.

• Dignity issue final FDR 
statement in Dec 2020.

• Statutory deadline.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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14    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Executive Chairman’s review continued 
Strategic report 

A leading position in the direct  
cremation market 
Direct cremation is a significant, growing and evolving proposition  
in the funeral industry that impacts every area of our business; as a 
funeral director, as a crematorium operator, and as a pre-arranged 
funeral provider.  

An alternative choice 
We know that consumer demand for 
alternative and lower priced funerals is rising. 
There is a need to cater for those clients that 
are seeking to save costs, but also those that 
want more control over funeral arrangements.  

Awareness of direct cremation as an option 
has grown to 52 per cent, with 42 per cent 
who would consider using this service 
(source: SunLife Cost of Dying report 2020).  
Yet in 2019 direct cremations only made  
up 2.4 per cent of all funerals in the UK.  

2020 has seen direct cremation grow 
significantly, in part due to COVID-19.  
Through both Simplicity Cremations and in 
the CMG, we have seen direct cremation 
volumes almost double compared to 2019.  
It made up 16 per cent of CMG’s cremation 
volumes in 2020 alone. The impact of the 
Government’s restrictions placed on funerals 
has unsurprisingly forced people to think 
differently about the type of service they 
would want for themselves or their family 
members. We expect this societal shift  
to continue. 

Amidst a greater focus on funeral costs  
and a shift away from tradition, direct 
cremation presents a compelling proposition 
for the bereaved. By removing the ceremony 
or service, direct cremations are much  
less expensive, with prices starting from 
around £1,000.  

It is also very much an active choice for  
an increasingly secular, less traditional 
segment of consumers. We have found  
that many families choose an unattended 
direct cremation, whilst holding a more 
personalised attended service at an 
alternative venue. Also, and particularly 
relevant under the restrictions during the 
pandemic, some people are choosing to 
hold a celebration of life or memorial service 
at a completely different time and date  
to the cremation itself.  

Unique in our service capabilities 
We are uniquely positioned as a business  
in being able to offer direct cremation at all 
levels through our national infrastructure; 
either in the care we provide as a funeral 
director, as a crematorium operator, or  
by facilitating the service through our 
dedicated direct cremation brand (Simplicity 
Cremations). We also offer consumers pre-
arranged plan options for this type of funeral 
– a product that is growing in popularity. 

We deliver direct cremations through our 
network of 46 crematoria, which provide 
allocated slots that can be utilised by our 
own direct cremation business, but also  
by non-Dignity funeral directors and 
agreements with other providers.  

Years of experience and operational 
efficiencies delivered through Dignity’s 
funeral directors and facilities across the UK 
underpins the high-quality care provided 
through Simplicity Cremations, a capability 
that the majority of direct cremation 
providers simply do not have. 

Future growth 
Online continues to be our key route to 
market and consumers have responded well 
to our innovative Simplicity Cremations TV 
and radio advertising campaign. However,  
it is important to keep exploring how we  
can reach all of those consumers that are 
seeking an alternative solution for a funeral 
or cremation service.  

In addition to Simplicity direct cremations, 
we have begun trials offering direct 
cremation as a service through several of  
our funeral locations, and we are set to roll 
this out across more of Dignity’s network  
in the next year. 

By rethinking how a funeral service is both 
marketed and delivered, the Company has 
already made a significant step forward in 
giving clients greater choice and flexibility 
when it comes to arranging a funeral. Direct 
cremation is presenting signs of rapid growth 
and we will continue to seek ways to expand 
our market-leading position in this space. 

1 2

3 4

5

6

We are committed to increasing 
choice for clients, and ensuring that 
there is a wide range of options 
available at different price points. We 
were the first funeral director to offer 
a national direct cremation service 
and have built on this by developing 
our Simplicity Cremations brand 
which offers a range of lower cost 
and alternative funeral services. 

Clive Whiley, Executive Chairman

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Simplicity Cremations: A leading 
provider of direct cremation services 
in the UK 

In December 2016 we launched our own 
direct cremation business, Simplicity 
Cremations, as a response to the 
increased competition, changing 
consumer behaviour, and growing calls 
for alternative and lower cost funerals. 

It is one of the UK’s first predominantly 
online cremation offers, at one of the 
most competitive price points. 
Arrangements are made over the phone 
with a team of experts and there is no 
requirement to visit a physical branch.  

Under the Simplicity Cremations 
brand, families have access to affordable 
direct cremation options and smaller, 
family-led services.  

The services provide all the practical and 
essential elements of a funeral without 
the obligation to pay for a ceremony or 
other features of a traditional service 
they may not want.  

This is supported by the years of 
experience and uncompromised quality 
of care delivered by Dignity funeral 
directors and national facilities.

52% 

Awareness of direct cremation as an option 
has grown to 52 per cent. 

106% 

Simplicity Cremations performed 4,300 direct 
cremation based services in 2020, an increase 
of 106 per cent over the prior period.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

15

Key performance indicators 

Measuring our performance

The link between our  
strategy and our KPIs

Historical KPIs remain 
relevant 

The Group has had a 
consistent set of financial  
and non-financial KPIs used 
to monitor the performance 
of the business against its 
strategy for many years. 
These KPIs have continued  
to remain relevant during  
this period. Financial KPIs  
are measured by reference  
to underlying operating 
performance and are 
therefore unaffected by the 
accounting policy changes 
made in either period. 

Financial

Delivering 
Excellent  
Client  
Service

Strategic & 
Operational

How we measure  
performance  

Financial KPIs

• We monitor our performance 
by measuring and tracking 
KPIs that we believe are 
important to our longer-term 
success. 

• The Group uses both financial 

and non-financial KPIs to 
manage the business and 
ensure the Group's strategy 
and objectives are being 
delivered. 

• Each KPI reflects a quantifiable 
measure of different aspects  
of the Group’s strategy. They 
act as headlines for the Board, 
allowing them to use more 
detailed management 
information to consider the 
Group’s strategy and financial 
performance in greater depth 
where appropriate. 

• Our KPIs and goals are set  
to measure our progress in 
improving our financial 
performance and in 
embedding sustainable  
long-term growth. 

Our KPIs are aligned with  
our strategic objectives 

All KPIs are focused on 
ensuring that the Group 
delivers on strategic objectives. 
No particular KPI is solely 
relevant to one aspect of the 
Group’s strategy. 

Underlying earnings 
per share 
(pence)

46.6p

Underlying cash generated  
from operations 
(£m)

£76.4m

60.6p

46.6p

Definition 
This is underlying profit after 
tax divided by the weighted 
average number of Ordinary 
Shares in issue in the period. 

Developments in 2020 
The reduction follows the 
decrease in underlying 
operating profit explained 
below.

£71.8m

£76.4m

Definition 
This is the statutory cash 
generated from operations 
excluding non-underlying 
items and the impact of 
consolidating the Trusts,  
IFRS 15 and IFRS 16. 

Developments in 2020 
The Group continues to 
convert operating profit  
into cash efficiently.

2019

2020

2019

2020

Underlying 
operating profit 
(£m)

£55.7m

Average revenue  
per funeral 
(£)

£2,522

£63.3m

£55.7m

Definition 
This is the statutory operating 
profit of the Group excluding 
non-underlying items and the 
impact of consolidating the 
Trusts, IFRS 15 and IFRS 16. 

Developments in 2020 
Underlying operating  
profit declined year-on-year,  
despite higher deaths. This  
is primarily due to lower 
average revenue due to  
the pandemic. 

£2,930

£2,522

Definition 
Underlying funeral revenue 
divided by the number of 
funerals performed in the 
relevant period. 

Developments in 2020 
Restrictions in client choices 
due to COVID-19 have 
adversely impacted average 
revenue as clients opted for 
simpler funerals.

2019

2020

2019

2020

 
 
 
 
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16    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Key performance indicators continued 
Strategic report 

Non-financial KPIs 

Total estimated number  
of deaths in Britain 
(number)

663,000

Cremation  
market share 
(per cent)

11.2%

584,000

663,000

Definition 
This is as reported by the 
Office for National Statistics. 

11.1%

11.2%

Developments in 2020 
Deaths were materially 
higher than originally 
anticipated due to the 
pandemic.

Definition 
This is the number of 
cremations performed by  
the Group divided by the  
total estimated number  
of deaths in Britain. 

Developments in 2020 
Market share is broadly 
stable.  

2019

2020

2019

2020

Funeral market share 
excluding Northern Ireland 
(per cent)

12.0%

Number of cremations 
performed 
(number)

74,500

11.7%

12.0%

Definition 
This is the number of funerals 
performed by the Group in 
Britain divided by the total 
estimated number of deaths 
in Britain. 

Developments in 2020 
Market share has improved 
slightly.

74,500

64,800

Definition 
This is the number of 
cremations performed 
according to our  
operational data. 

Developments in 2020 
Changes are a consequence 
of the total number of  
deaths and the Group’s 
market share.

2019

2020

2019

2020

Number of funerals 
performed 
(number)

80,300

Active pre-arranged  
funerals 
(number)

558,000

523,000

558,000

80,300

69,400

Definition 
This is the number of  
funerals performed by the 
Group according to our 
operational data. 

Developments in 2020 
Changes are a consequence 
of the total number of  
deaths and the Group’s 
market share.

2019

2020

2019

2020

Definition 
This is the number of pre-
arranged funerals (both trust 
funeral plans and insurance 
backed) where the Group has 
an obligation to provide a 
funeral in the future. 

Developments in 2020 
This increase reflects 
continued sales activity (both 
trust funeral plans and 
insurance backed) offset by 
the crystallisation of plans 
sold in previous periods.

 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

17

Our aim is to be at the forefront of the sector  
in terms of quality, transparency, standards,  
choice and value-for-money. 

Non-financial KPIs continued 

Delivering excellent client service 
With a focus on delivering the highest levels of excellent 
client service and standards of care, our client surveys 
enable us to track and improve the provision of our 
services. This includes feedback on how we share 
information with clients and how we guide families 
through the arrangement process. 

Client perception on quality and value-for-money 
Although many things are changing within the industry,  
it is still the case that recommendation and previous 
experience are key to maintaining our reputation as a 
quality and standards leader. We therefore must ensure 
our clients are consistently receiving the best levels of 
client care and value-for-money, irrespective of the type  
of service we have performed for them. Our survey data 
helps us understand this.  

Digital engagement 
As digital adoption trends evolve, we continue to invest in 
technology and expertise to ensure we can make it easy  
for people to find us online. We continue to develop our 
digital communication channels which enhances customer 
engagement and offers an additional channel to hear from 
our clients. Our combined website traffic has grown from 
just over 1 million in 2017 to 5.13 million in 2020.

Meeting and exceeding expectations (% of clients) 

100% 

99% 

98% 

97% 

96% 

95%

66% 

64% 

62% 

60% 

58% 

56% 

54%

6
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7
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8
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9
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0
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1
1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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7
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8
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9
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D

0
2
c
e
D

Met and exceeded 
expectations (left hand axis)

Exceeded expectations 
(right hand axis)

(12 month rolling average)

Recommending our services (% of clients) 

100% 

99% 

98% 

97% 

96% 

95%

6
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7
0
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8
0
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9
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0
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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9
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0
2
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(12 month rolling average)

Percentage of clients willing to recommend  
Dignity’s services  

Maintaining high-quality and standards 
We closely monitor the results of our client surveys which 
are conducted by our Funeral services division. In the  
last five years, we have received approximately 160,000 
responses. This is our measure of how these services  
meet or exceed client expectations. Our consistently high 
satisfaction scores reflect the strength of our relationships 
with our clients. We listen to our clients and use our survey 
responses to focus on areas in which we can improve  
and add value. 

The Dignity Client Survey 2020

Reputation and 
recommendation 

98.9%  (2019: 99.2%) 

98.9 per cent of respondents  
said that we met or exceeded 
their expectations. 

 97.9%  (2019: 98.0%) 

97.9 per cent of respondents  
would recommend us.

Quality of service and care 
99.9%  (2019: 99.9%) 

99.9 per cent thought our staff  
were respectful. 

 99.6% (2019: 99.7%)  

99.6 per cent thought our  
staff listened to their needs  
and wishes. 

99.1% (2019: 99.1%)  

99.1 per cent agreed that  
our staff were compassionate 
and caring.

High standards of facilities  
and fleet 

99.7% (2019: 99.8%)  

99.7 per cent thought our 
premises were clean and tidy. 

99.2% (2019: 99.7%)  

99.2 per cent thought our 
vehicles were clean and 
comfortable. 

In the detail 

98.9% (2019: 99.2%)  

98.9 per cent of clients agreed 
that our staff had fully explained 
what would happen before  
and during the funeral. 

99.2%  (2019: 99.0%) 

99.2 per cent said that the 
funeral service took place  
on time. 

98.0% (2019: 98.3%)  

98.0 per cent said that the  
final invoice matched the 
estimate provided. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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18    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Operating review 
Strategic report 

Funeral services relate to the provision  
of funerals and ancillary items, such as  
memorials and floral tributes.

During the year we had to 
significantly change our working 
practices to ensure the safety of  
our colleagues and clients while  
at the same time delivering the 
appropriate service levels during  
the pandemic. 

Andrew Judd 
Executive Director of Funeral Operations

Funeral  
services

795 
Number of funeral 
locations we operate  
in the UK. 

80,300 
Number of funerals 
conducted during 2020.

Performance in 2020

Group operating profit share 
(before central overheads) 
28% (2019: 60%) 

Group underlying operating profit 
share (before central overheads) 
54% (2019: 59%)

Underlying revenue (1) 
£202.6m 
(2019: £203.3m)

Operating profit 
£17.5m 
(2019: £54.7m)

Underlying operating profit 
£50.0m 
(2019: £56.3m)

Funeral mix and underlying average revenue (FY 2020 Actual)

Average underlying revenue (1) (£)

Volume mix (%)

Underlying weighted average revenue (1) (£)

£2,397

Full service 3,337 (2019: 3,578)
Simple and Limited Service 1,941 (2019: 2,047) 
Pre-need 1,911 (2019: 1,846) 
Other (including Simplicity) 940 (2019: 770)

Full service 39 (2019: 52)
Simple and Limited Service 25 (2019: 14) 
Pre-need 28 (2019: 27) 
Other (including Simplicity) 8 (2019: 7) 

Underlying weighted average revenue 2,397 (2019: 2,699)
Average ancillary revenue 125 (2019: 231)

(1) Total underlying revenue was £202.6 million (2019: £203.3 million). On a statutory basis the Group recognised Funeral services revenue of £274.8 million (2019: £262.1 million).  

See note 3 for further details.

Financial summary 2020
                                                                                                                                                                      H1                       H2                       FY 
                                                                                                                                                                     £m                      £m                      £m 

Underlying operating profit – 2019                                                               30.5              25.8              56.3 

Impact of:  
Number of deaths                                                                                             20.3                 3.3              23.6 

Market share                                                                                                          4.4                 0.1                 4.5 

Average revenues                                                                                            (19.0)            (11.3)            (30.3) 

Net cost base changes                                                                                      (2.5)              (1.6)              (4.1)

Underlying operating profit – 2020                                                          33.7              16.3              50.0

Items totalling £32.5 million (2019: credit £1.6 million) excluded from underlying operating profit resulted in statutory 
operating profit of £17.5 million (2019: £54.7 million). These items are discussed in the Financial review but relate to 
non-underlying items and the impact of consolidating the Trusts, applying IFRS 15 and adopting IFRS 16.

 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

19

Overview 
As at 25 December 2020, we operated 
from a network of 795 (2019: 820) funeral 
locations. This network covers the UK and 
trades under locally established names. 

Performance 
We conducted 80,300 funerals (2019: 
69,400) during the period under review, 
more than at any stage in our history 
despite operational constraints resulting 
from COVID-19. 

Underlying operating profit was £50.0 
million (2019: £56.3 million), down by 13 
per cent due to the impacts of COVID-19, 
this can be explained by the financial 
summary table on page 18. 

Progress and Developments 

Market share 
Approximately one per cent of all funerals 
were conducted in Northern Ireland. 
Excluding Northern Ireland, these 
funerals represented approximately  
12.0 per cent (2019: 11.7 per cent) of 
total estimated deaths in Britain. Whilst 
funerals divided by estimated deaths is a 
reasonable measure of our market share, 
the Group does not have a complete 
national presence and consequently, this 
calculation can only ever be an estimate. 

Year-on-year growth in market share  
is primarily attributable to growth in 
Simplicity 0.3 per cent and pre-arranged 
funeral plans 0.1 per cent. Market share 
of full, simple and limited funerals was 
slightly below the prior year. 

On a comparable basis, excluding any 
funerals from locations not contributing 
to the whole of 2019 and 2020, market 
share was 11.9 per cent, compared to 
11.6 per cent in 2019. This builds on  
the improvement made in 2019 where 
comparable market share grew by 0.2 per 
cent, both 2020 and 2019 are a significant 
improvement on the dramatic market 
share declines witnessed in 2016 and 
2018, however, further trials are necessary 
to complete the Group’s understanding  
of the changing relationship between 
price and market share.  

Funeral mix and Average revenue 
As demonstrated in the table, the year-
on-year decline in the underlying average 
revenue is primarily due to the COVID-19 
pandemic. Q2 was particularly impacted 
due to the Group temporarily withdrawing 
the provision of limousines in the interests 
of the welfare of its staff and clients. Other 
choices such as church services also  
stopped being possible during this time.  

Funeral mix and average revenue                                                                       Q1            Q2             H1             Q3            Q4             H2             FY     
                                                                                                                                                             2020        2020         2020         2020        2020        2020        2020     
                                                  Funeral type                                                                            Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual    Actual     

Underlying average   Full service                                                                      3,521     3,080     3,341     3,308     3,351     3,332    3,337 
revenue (£)                     Simple and Limited service                                       1,972     1,953     1,956     1,897     1,937     1,917    1,941    
                                            Pre-need                                                                          1,894     1,869     1,880     1,921     1,979     1,953    1,911    
                                            Other (including Simplicity)                                           888        992         987         811        927         937        940 

Volume mix (%)           Full service                                                                            50           26           37           40           43           42           39 
                                            Simple and Limited service                                             14           37           26           25           21           22           25    
                                            Pre-need                                                                                29           28           28           27           28           28           28    
                                            Other (including Simplicity)                                                7             9              9              8             8              8             8 

Underlying weighted average (£)                                                                         2,648     2,136     2,360     2,381     2,476     2,443    2,397 
Ancillary revenue (£)                                                                                                    175           49         101         174        169         161        125 

Underlying average revenue (£)                                                                      2,823     2,185     2,461     2,555     2,645     2,604    2,522 

Full service volume as a percentage  
of full, simple and limited (%)                                                                                 78           41           59           62           67           66           61

Funeral mix and average revenue                                                            FY            Q1            Q2             H1             Q3            Q4             H2             FY     
                                                                                                                                         2018          2019        2019         2019         2019        2019        2019        2019     
                                                  Funeral type                                                        Actual       Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual      Actual     

Underlying average      Full service                                                     3,735      3,542     3,585     3,558     3,608     3,613     3,605     3,578 
revenue (£)                      Simple and Limited service                      2,350      2,159     2,000     2,089     2,000     1,995     1,996     2,047    
                                            Pre-need                                                         1,705      1,826     1,789     1,806     1,879     1,899     1,890     1,846    
                                            Other (including Simplicity)                         570         773        734         756         772        780         774        770 

Volume mix (%)              Full service                                                           48            52           53           52           52           52           52           52 
                                            Simple and Limited service                            19            14           13           14           14           13           13           14    
                                            Pre-need                                                               27            27           28           28           27           28           28           27    
                                            Other (including Simplicity)                              6              7             6              6              7             7              7             7 

Underlying weighted average (£)                                                        2,734      2,691     2,705     2,694     2,717     2,724     2,717     2,699 
Ancillary revenue (£)                                                                                   239         213        233         225         227        214         224        231 

Underlying average revenue (£)                                                          2,973      2,904     2,938     2,919     2,944     2,938     2,941     2,930 

Full service volume as a percentage  
of full, simple and limited (%)                                                                     72            79           80           79           79           80           80           79

There was one branch opening and  
26 closures in the year. These closures 
represent funeral locations where leases 
have naturally come to an end and have  
not been renewed and also include nine 
freehold closures. 

Strategic Focus and Outlook 

The Group is focusing on its root and 
branch review which will be completed 
in the second quarter of 2021. We 
continue to develop and trial different 
service offerings and propositions and 
will continue to work with the regulator 
and Government to ensure the 
package of remedies recommended 
by the CMA work for customers.  

Following the installation of perspex  
dividing screens and the re-opening of 
places of worship (albeit restricted on 
number of mourners), the Group’s 
average revenue started to improve 
during Q3. Q4 witnessed a full service 
average that was higher than Q2 and Q3 
at £3,351 with 43 per cent of all funerals 
being full service and the ratio of full 
service to full, simple and limited 
increasing to 68 per cent. This resulted in 
the underlying average revenue for Q4 
being £2,645 compared to £2,555 in the 
third quarter of 2020. Client choices and 
therefore average revenue are still likely 
to vary more by region in the coming 
months depending on national and then 
potential local restrictions in place. 

Investment 
Investment in the Group’s locations and 
fleet have continued. In 2020, £4.9 million 
was invested in maintenance capital 
expenditure. Expenditure was lower in 
2019 and 2020 than in previous years as 
the Group is focusing on priorities around 
the root and branch review following the 
suspension of the Transformation Plan in 
2020. The Group anticipates higher spend 
in 2021.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Operating review continued 
Strategic report 

Crematoria services relate to cremation services  
and the sale of memorials and burial plots at the  
Group’s crematoria and cemeteries. 

in July, having been closed for three 
months and were inundated with clients 
who understandably needed closure 
through creating final resting places for 
their loved one’s ashes, as well as the 
arrangement of memorials. Nonetheless, 
memorial sales and other items were six 
per cent lower than the previous period. 

Non-underlying costs of £0.2 million 
(2019: £1.2 million) and IFRS 16 credit of 
£2.6 million (2019: nil) are excluded from 
underlying operating profit resulting in 
statutory operating profit of £45.2 million 
(2019: £37.2 million). 

Progress and Developments 
The Group has invested £2.7 million 
maintaining and improving its locations  
in the period.  

The Group now has planning permission 
for four new crematoria. The total capital 
commitment for these four projects is 
expected to be approximately £30 million, 
with £6.7 million of this amount having 
already been invested. Each of the 
locations with planning permission will 
take five to seven years to reach maturity, 
performing 800 to 1,000 cremations  
per year.  

The Group also has two locations where  
it is appealing the planning decisions and 
another two that are currently in the 
planning process. 

Strategic Focus and Outlook 

Crematoria remains a stable and  
cash generative aspect of the Group’s 
operations. However, we have 
embarked on a total restructure of 
CMG which is still in progress. We have 
introduced smaller cluster areas to 
encompass a more collaborative team 
ethic and an increase in the training 
and staff development across all 
disciplines. The overall achievement 
will be to create a more dedicated and 
focused CMG team which will facilitate 
further cost savings through a more 
streamlined and efficient organisation.  

The Crematorium and Memorial Group (‘CMG’)  
is the largest single independent operator of 
crematoria in Britain with a significant portfolio  
of well-established and state-of-the-art crematoria 
that meet the needs of the local communities  
we serve. Our extensive, peaceful grounds allow 
clients to remember their loved ones in a very 
personal way. 

Steve Gant 
Crematoria Director

Crematoria

46 
Number crematoria we 
operate in England and 
Scotland. 

74,500 
Number of cremations 
conducted during 2020.

Performance in 2020

Group operating profit share 
(before central overheads) 
72% (2019: 40%) 

Group underlying operating profit 
share (before central overheads) 
46% (2019: 41%)

Underlying revenue (1) 
Underlying operating profit 
Operating profit 
£82.7m 
£42.8m 
£45.2m 
(2019: £76.8m)
(2019: £38.4m)
(2019: £37.2m)
(1)There is no difference between underlying revenue and statutory revenue for the Crematoria division.

Overview 
The Group remains the largest single 
independent operator of crematoria in 
Britain, operating 46 (2019: 46) crematoria 
as at 25 December 2020.  

The greatest challenge of 2020 was 
undoubtedly ensuring safety and 
continuity of service through an ever 
changing landscape forced upon us by the 
aggressive growth of COVID-19, leading to 
excess deaths and the unmitigated rate at 
which the Government had to review and 
change the guidelines for businesses.   
For CMG this meant creating a safe 
environment for visitors and staff. 

Performance 
The Group performed 74,500 cremations 
(2019: 64,800) in the period, representing 
11.2 per cent (2019: 11.1 per cent) of total 
estimated deaths in Britain. 

Underlying operating profit was £42.8 
million (2019: £38.4 million), an increase  
of 11 per cent. This increase in profitability 
is driven by the number of deaths partially 
offset by lower average revenues from  
the increased use of direct cremation  
and lower memorial revenue, as  
explained below: 

                                                                                 H1            H2             FY 
Financial summary 2020
                                                                                £m           £m           £m 

Underlying operating  
profit – 2019                                     20.8      17.6      38.4 

Impact of:  
Number of deaths                            7.4        0.4        7.8 

Market share                                      0.9        0.1        1.0 

Average revenues                           (4.3)        1.4      (2.9) 

Cost base changes                         (1.1)      (0.4)      (1.5)

Underlying operating  
profit – 2020                                    23.7      19.1      42.8 

Sales of memorials and other items have 
been adversely impacted primarily by 
COVID-19 and an increasing trend in not 
collecting ashes resulting in total memorial 
revenue being £16.7 million (2019: £17.8 
million) six per cent lower than the prior 
year despite cremation volumes being  
15 per cent higher. In addition to reduced 
memorial sales, the average cremation 
revenue has reduced by three per cent to 
£885 (2019: £911) due to the increase in 
direct cremation related services.  

All offices were officially closed in line  
with Government guidance. We promptly 
made offices safe for staff and visitors 
with the use of personal screens and 
limiting to an appointment-only basis  
for visitors. Our memorial offices reopened  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

21

Pre-arranged funeral plans represent the sale  
of funerals to clients wishing to make their own  
funeral arrangements in advance.

We are one of the UK’s largest 
providers of pre-arranged funerals 
and we continue to strengthen  
our business in this competitive 
market. This is a real testament,  
we believe, to our reputation for 
high levels of service, quality and 
trustworthiness. 

Paul Toghill 
Director of Pre Arrangement

Pre-arranged  
funeral plans

558,000 
Number of active plans 
as at 25 December 2020.

Performance in 2020

Underlying  
revenue(1) 
£28.8m 
(2019: £21.2m)
(1)Pre-arranged funeral plans are not a separate division in 

Underlying 
operating profit 
£nil 
(2019: £nil)

statutory terms, as a result statutory revenue is £nil (2019: 
£nil). Please see note 3 for further details.

Underlying Performance 
The Group continues to have a strong 
market presence in pre-arranged funeral 
plans and insurance policies charged to it 
for the provision of a funeral. The plans 
represent potential future incremental 
business for the funeral division, providing 
high-levels of certainty of cash flows as 
existing plans mature.  

The Trading Group claims a marketing 
allowance from the trust that covers the 
costs incurred in the selling of Funeral 
Plans. As a result, the pre-arrangement 
division does not contribute any profit  
at the time of sale therefore underlying 
operating profit was £nil in both periods.  

Of the sales in the period 30,000 plans 
were trust based funeral plans (2019: 
26,000). In addition, 30,000 (2019: 32,000) 
plans were linked to life assurance plans 
with third parties. Not all of these 
insurance backed plans include an 
obligation to provide a guaranteed funeral 
and we anticipate the cancellation 
experience to be significantly higher than 
is witnessed on trust based sales. 

Historically, as with all the Group’s 
divisions, pre-arranged funeral plans 
underlying profits broadly reflect the  
cash generated by that activity. This 
position has started to shift as more long-
term instalment plans are written, where 
marketing costs are incurred when a  
plan is sold, but, marketing recoveries  
are claimed from the trust in line with 
instalment payments. This shift has 
changed the profile of the early years 
cashflow position.    

Progress and Developments 
Dignity remains focused on selling high-
quality business, in ways that support  
the strong reputation of the Group. 

Approximately 60,000 (2019: 58,000) new 
plan sales were made and the number  
of active pre-arranged plans (including 
insurance backed arrangements) increased 
to 558,000 (2019: 523,000). All plan sales 
are stated net of cancellations. Over the 
last 12 months the cancellation rate has 
increased which primarily relates to the 
increase in the mix of long-term instalment 
plan sales which have a higher cancellation 
rate. The majority of commissions are 
clawed back from distribution partners  
on cancellation in the first two years (the 
majority of expected cancellations take 
place in this period). 

The financial position of the Trusts 
holding members’ monies is crucial, given 
the Group ultimately guarantees the 
promises made to members. At the end 
of 2020, the Trusts had average assets per 
plan of £3,400 (2019: £3,300) in respect  
of 319,000 trust based funeral plans.  
Average assets per plan are greater than 
the amount currently received by the 
Trading Group for performing a funeral.  

The latest actuarial valuations of the 
Trusts (at 25 September 2020) showed 
them to have a surplus of £4 million  
(27 September 2019: surplus £17 million), 

based on prudent assumptions by the 
Trust’s actuary. This valuation is based on 
the amounts the Trusts are expected to 
pay when a funeral is performed rather 
than the actual cost of performance 
(being a lower amount) to the Group. 

The pre-arrangement Trustees are actively 
reviewing the investment strategy of the 
Trusts, focused on providing the Trading 
Group with greater certainty over amounts 
to be paid when funerals are performed 
in a rolling five year period. The retention 
of cash or high-grade bonds to cover these 
liabilities, together with implementing an 
overall investment strategy with lower 
aggregate fund management and 
execution costs will provide more certainty. 
These changes to the investment strategy 
are imminent and will materially reduce 
the overall costs of managing the Trusts’ 
investments, enhancing the capacity for 
future revenue growth. 

The Trusts have assets, including cash, 
under the management of the Trustees of 
£988.7 million (2019: £963.0 million) with 
investments split as follows: 

                                                                 Example                             Target
                                                                 investment types                   (%) 

Defensive                                 Index linked gilts          18
investments                            and corporate 
                                                    bonds 

Illiquid investments               Private investments   16 

Core growth                            Equities                          38
investments                                                                            

Growth fixed income           Emerging market        22
and alternative                       debt/diversified  
investments                            growth  

Liquid investments               Open-ended                   6 
                                                    investment funds              

The current allocation is subject to annual 
review by the Trustees with support from 
their investment advisers. See Financial 
review for additional discussion of Trust 
balances.

Strategic Focus and Outlook 

The Group remains optimistic on its 
ability to continue to be a market 
leader in pre-arranged funerals. 

The Group welcomes FCA regulation  
of the sector and is planning for 
regulation to be effective by the middle 
of 2022. The Group will continue  
to engage with relevant parties as 
appropriate whilst maintaining focus 
on selling high-quality, competitive 
products to clients. 

The Group intends to continue to  
sell as many plans as is commercially 
possible and economically sensible.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                  
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Financial review 
Strategic report

We consider these underlying 
results to be robust, despite 
the pandemic   
Dean Moore, Interim Chief Financial Officer  
Three quarters of our financial year has been 
impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this 
we consider these underlying results to be robust 
having increased our operating cash generation 
year-on-year, and remained profitable, albeit at a 
reduced level. With the exception of business rate 
relief, we have chosen not to take advantage of the 
various Government schemes brought in to support 
business during the pandemic. 

These results have been prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards adopted pursuant  
to Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 as it applies in the European 
Union and in accordance with international accounting 
standards in conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Statutory operating profit was £15.9 million (2019: £44.8 million),  
a decrease of £28.9 million. Gross margin increased £3.0 million 
with a strong performance in the crematoria division and a higher 
contribution from delivery of an increased number of pre-need 
funerals, whereas the additional at-need funerals delivered  
were more than offset by reductions in average revenues. 
Administrative expenses were £31.9 million higher, largely driven 
by an increased impairment charge of £37.2 million on goodwill 
and trade names compared to last year and after incurring 
additional central overheads of £5.7 million in part to help manage 
the business through the pandemic. This was partially offset by  
a reduction in other non-underlying items, primarily in respect  
of £7.4 million less spent on the Transformation Plan which has 
been abrogated. See table on page 23 for further details on the 
impacts to statutory and underlying operating profit.  

The total impairment of £44.0 million has been charged in the 
period (2019: £6.8 million), of which £15.3 million (2019: £6.8 
million) relates to trade names and £28.7 million (2019: nil)  
to goodwill. The impairment has arisen primarily due to the 
reduced average revenues and mix that has impacted the 
funeral services division over the last 12 months. 

The Group’s net finance costs of £35.5 million (2019: income  
£5.3 million), a £40.8 million movement primarily due to the 
lower increase in fair value movements of the financial assets 
held by the Trusts of £38.2 million. In 2019, the Group had a 
further £6.0 million of non-underlying items relating to the 
impairment of its investment in an associated undertaking.   
The above has resulted in losses before tax for the Group  
of £19.6 million (2019 profit: £44.1 million). 

The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures 
provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, 
alternative performance measures as used in the day-to-day 
management of the business are necessary to enable users  
of the financial statements to fully understand the trading 
performance and financial position of the business and allow  
for greater comparability across periods.  

Our performance in 2020 was impacted by COVID-19.  
As a result, underlying operating profit decreased by 12 
per cent to £55.7 million and underlying average revenue 
per funeral reduced from £2,930 to £2,522, reflecting the 
impact of a switch to more simple funerals, partly due to 
our restricted ability to provide full service requirements, 
during the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Our market share increased on funeral services and  
there was a strong market share performance by our 
crematoria business. Our Transformation Plan was 
paused indefinitely during the year in order to focus on 
the impacts of the pandemic. This will not be resumed. 

Cash generation remained strong in the year and will 
enable us to continue to invest in our strategic objectives 
in the future. 

Revenue 

£357.5m 

(2019: £338.9m)

Underlying revenue 

£314.1m 

(2019: £301.3m)

Operating profit 

£15.9m 

(2019: £44.8m)

Underlying operating profit  

£55.7m 

(2019: £63.3m)

Cash generated from operations 

£62.7m 

(2019: £64.6m)

Underlying cash generated from 
operations  

£76.4m 

(2019: £71.8m)

 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

23

Financial highlights 
The Group’s financial performance is summarised below: 

                                                                                                            52 week              52 week                        
                                                                                                 period ended    period ended                        
                                                                                                     25 Dec 2020      27 Dec 2019      Increase/ 
                                                                                                                                       restated(b)    (decrease) 
                                                                                                                      £m                       £m                    % 

Underlying revenue(a) (£million)                            314.1            301.3                4 

Underlying operating profit (a) (£million)                   55.7                63.3            (12) 
Underlying profit before tax (a) (£million)                  30.7                37.7            (19) 
Underlying earnings per share (a)  (pence)                 46.6                60.6            (23) 

Underlying cash generated  
from operations (a)  (£million)                                         76.4                71.8                 6 

Revenue (£million)                                                       357.5             338.9                5 
Operating profit (£million)                                           15.9                44.8            (65) 
(Loss)/profit before tax (£million)                            (19.6)                44.1                    
Basic (loss)/earnings per share (pence)                 (51.0)                61.2                    
Cash generated from operations (£million)             62.7                64.6              (3) 

Dividends paid in the period: 
Final dividend (pence)                                                         –             15.74                    

(a)  Further details of alternative performance measures can be found on pages 156 to 161. 
(b)  See prior year adjustment note on page 96.  

Alternative performance measures 
The alternative performance measures are stated before non-
underlying items and the effect of consolidation of the Trusts, 
applying IFRS 15 and adopting IFRS 16 as defined on page 156. 
These items have been adjusted for in determining underlying 
measures of profitability as these underlying measures are those 
used in the day-to-day management of the business and allow 
for greater comparability across periods. 

Detailed information on non-underlying items including a 
reconciliation of statutory revenue to underlying revenue is set 
out on pages 108 and 156 to 160. 

Accordingly, the following information is presented to aid 
understanding of the performance of the Group: 

                                                                                                                    52 week                   52 week 
                                                                                                                    period ended         period ended  
                                                                                                                      25 Dec 2020           27 Dec 2019 
                                                                                                                           £m                          £m  

Operating profit for the period as reported                    15.9                    44.8 
Add the effects of: 
Acquisition related amortisation                                                 4.6                      4.8 
External transaction costs in respect of  
   completed and aborted transactions                                     0.8                      0.9 
Profit on sale of fixed assets                                                      (0.2)                    (1.0) 
Transformation Plan costs(a)                                                         4.7                    12.1 
Directors severance pay                                                                1.6                          – 
Operating and competition review costs                                  2.9                      3.5 
Trade name impairment                                                             15.3                      6.8 
Goodwill impairment                                                                   28.7                          – 
Impact of Trust consolidation and IFRS 15                          (14.0)                    (8.6) 
Impact of IFRS 16                                                                          (4.6)                          – 

Underlying operating profit (b)                                               55.7                    63.3 
Underlying net finance costs                                                  (25.0)                 (25.6) 
Underlying profit before tax (b)                                              30.7                    37.7 
Tax charge on underlying profit before tax                            (7.4)                    (7.4) 

Underlying profit after tax (b)                                                  23.3                    30.3 

Weighted average number of Ordinary 
Shares in issue during the period (million)                             50.0                    50.0 
Underlying EPS (pence)(b)                                                            46.6                    60.6 
Decrease in underlying EPS (per cent)                                        23                       29 

(a)  The £4.7 million costs incurred in 2020 reflects expenditure up to the point of the 

Transformation Plan being abrogated.  

(b)  Further details of alternative performance measures can be found on pages 156 to 161. 

Earnings per share  
Statutory loss after tax was £25.5 million (2019 restated:  
£30.6 million). Basic loss per share were (51.0) pence per share 
(2019 restated earnings: 61.2 pence per share). Underlying profit 
after tax was £23.3 million (2019: £30.3 million), giving underlying 
earnings per share of 46.6 pence per share (2019: 60.6 pence per 
share), a reduction of 23 per cent. 

Items excluded from underlying operating profit 

Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles 
Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles reflects the  
write-off of acquired intangibles over the term of their useful life.  

External transaction costs 
External transaction costs primarily reflect amounts paid to 
external parties for legal, tax and other advice in respect of the 
Group’s acquisitions and unsuccessful crematoria planning 
developments. 

Profit on sale of fixed assets 
Profits or losses arising from the sale of fixed assets (net of  
any insurance proceeds received) are excluded as they are 
unconnected with the trading performance in the period. 

Transformation Plan costs 
Cost incurred in relation to the Group’s now abrogated 
Transformation Plan has resulted in significant, directly 
attributable non-recurring costs.  

Directors severance pay 
Following the departure of Mike McCollum, Steve Whittern and 
Richard Portman in 2020, severance packages have been agreed 
and paid and are considered to be a non-recurring cost.  

Operating and competition review costs 
The Group has incurred costs with external advisers to support 
the Group’s response to the CMA’s funerals market investigation 
and HM Treasury‘s consultation on the funeral plan sector. Costs 
were also incurred in 2020 with external advisers to support its 
operational review. 

Trade name impairment 
The Group assessed the carrying value of its trade names.  
In light of the lower level of profitability and lower anticipated 
average revenue per funeral, an impairment of £15.3 million 
(2019: £6.8 million) has been recognised. 

Goodwill impairment 
The Group assessed the carrying value of its goodwill. In light  
of the lower level of profitability and lower anticipated average 
revenue per funeral, an impairment of £28.7 million (2019: £nil 
million) has been recognised. 

Trust consolidation/IFRS 15 
In the prior period the Group changed its accounting policy  
to consolidate the Trusts and to implement IFRS 15. This 
adjustment reverses the impact of these policy changes in order 
to maintain underlying performance measures with those used 
in the day-to-day management of the business.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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24    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Financial review continued 
Strategic report

IFRS 16 
As detailed elsewhere in this report, the Group has adopted IFRS 
16 in the period. This adjustment reverses the impact of these 
policy changes in order to maintain underlying performance 
measures with those used in the day-to-day management of the 
business. The impact of IFRS 16 has been reversed in arriving at 
the APM for 2020 only. This is due to the modified retrospective 
adoption of the standard, meaning the 2019 comparatives have 
not been restated and therefore are not comparable.  

Capital expenditure 
Capital expenditure on property, plant and equipment and 
intangible assets was £11.1 million (2019: £18.3 million). 

                                                                                                                         25 Dec                     27 Dec 
                                                                                                                                       2020                        2019 
This is analysed as:                                                                                              £m                           £m 

Maintenance capital expenditure:                                                      
Funeral services                                                                                5.0                     5.4 
Crematoria                                                                                         2.7                     3.3 
Other                                                                                                   1.4                     1.1 

Total maintenance capital expenditure (a)                                   9.1                     9.8 
Branch relocations                                                                           0.5                     1.1 
Transformation capital expenditure                                            0.2                     1.7 
Satellite locations                                                                                 –                     0.3 
Development of new crematoria and cemeteries                    1.3                     5.4 

Total property, plant and equipment                                        11.1                   18.3 
Partly funded by:                                                                                     
Disposal proceeds – vehicles                                                             –                   (0.2) 
Disposal proceeds – properties (b)                                              (1.1)                   (1.9) 

Net capital expenditure                                                                10.0                   16.2 

(a)  Maintenance capital expenditure includes vehicle replacement programme, 

improvements to locations and purchases of other tangible and intangible assets. 

(b)  Property disposals are the result of the Transformation Plan. 

The Group will continue to invest in the maintenance of its 
existing portfolio of vehicles and funeral and crematoria locations. 

Cash flow and cash balances for the Trading Group 
Underlying cash generated from operations was £76.4 million 
(2019: £71.8 million). 

Other working capital changes were consistent with the Group’s 
experience of converting profits into cash, subject to timing 
differences and cash incurred in respect of commission payments. 
Cash balances of the Trading Group at the end of the period were 
£73.6 million (2019: £57.9 million). Further details and analysis of 
the Group’s cash balances are included in note 17 to the 
consolidated financial statements.  

Pensions 
The balance sheet shows a deficit of £36.6 million before deferred 
tax (2019: deficit of £26.0 million). The scheme currently 
represents an annual cash obligation of £2.2 million. The triennial 
valuation was performed in April 2020, the outcome of which is 
awaiting and will determine future annual cash obligations for the 
Group from 2021 onwards.  

Taxation 
The Group’s effective tax rate on underlying profits in the period 
was 24.1 per cent (2019: 19.5 per cent). The current period 
underlying effective tax rate is higher than originally anticipated 
due to the effects of prior year items with a tax impact totalling 
£0.6 million. 

In 2021, the Group expects its underlying effective tax rate to be 
approximately two to three per cent above the headline rate of 
corporation tax. This translates to an underlying effective rate  
of between 21.0 per cent and 22.0 per cent. 

The Group’s effective tax rate on losses is 30.0 per cent (2019:  
30.6 per cent) which is higher than the underlying effective tax  
rate primarily due to the £4.3 million corporate interest restriction 
disallowance and £3.5 million arising on the goodwill and trade 
name impairments partially offset by the £1.1 million rate  
change credit.  

Prior year restatement  
A prior year restatement has been made to the magnitude of  
£4.3 million to correct the 2019 taxation charge and corresponding 
corporation tax liability. This follows the finalisation of the Group’s 
detailed corporate interest restriction return and an increase to 
the Group’s interest disallowance as a result of the inclusion of  
the fair value movements on the Trusts debt investments. Further 
details of the prior year restatement are set out in note 1 to the 
financial statements.  

Capital structure and financing for the Trading Group 

Secured Notes 
The Group’s principal source of long-term debt financing is the 
Secured A Notes and the Secured B Notes. The principal is repaid 
completely over the life of the Secured Notes and is therefore 
scheduled to be repaid by 2049. The interest rate is fixed for the 
life of the Secured Notes and interest is calculated on the principal.  

The key terms of the Secured Notes are summarised in the  
table below: 

                                                                                             Secured A Notes                       Secured B Notes

Total new issuance at par                          £238.9 million                 £356.4 million 

Legal maturity                                     25 December 2034        25 December 2049 

Coupon                                                                     3.5456%                           4.6956% 
Rating by Fitch                                                                     A-                                    BB+ 
Rating by Standard & Poor’s                                            A-                                      B+ 

The Secured Notes have an annual debt service obligation 
(principal and interest) of circa £33.2 million.  

It is not currently possible to issue further Secured Notes, as such 
an issue would require the rating of the Secured B Notes to raise 
to BBB by both rating agencies. 

Financial Covenant 
The Group’s primary financial covenant under the Secured  
Notes requires EBITDA to total debt service to be above 1.5 times. 
The ratio at 25 December 2020 was 1.99 times (2019: 2.13 times). 
The Group therefore had EBITDA headroom of approximately  
£16 million against its financial covenants at the end of December. 
This covenant calculation uses a prescribed definition of EBITDA 
detailed in the loan documentation and only represents the profit 
of a sub-group of the Group which is party to the loans (the 
‘Securitisation Group’). Furthermore, the calculations are 
unaffected by the consolidation of the Trusts or the application  
of IFRS 15 and IFRS 16 described elsewhere, as the Group was able 
to elect to disregard those changes when making the calculations.  

During the period, certain trade and assets previously held outside 
of the Securitisation Group were sold to the Securitisation Group 
increasing future EBITDA. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

25

EBITDA for this calculation can be reconciled to the Group’s 
statutory operating profit as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                        25 Dec 
                                                                                                                                                                       2020 
                                                                                                                                                                          £m   

EBITDA per covenant calculation – Securitisation Group                               67.6 
Add: EBITDA of entities outside Securitisation Group                                       9.8  
Less: Non-cash items (a)                                                                                           (1.9)  

Underlying operating profit before depreciation  
and amortisation – Group                                                                                      75.5 
Underlying depreciation and amortisation                                                     (19.8) 
Non-underlying items                                                                                           (58.4) 
Impact of Trust consolidation and IFRS 15                                                         14.0 
Impact of IFRS 16                                                                                                        4.6 

Operating profit                                                                                                       15.9 

(a)  The terms of the securitisation require certain items (such as pensions) to be adjusted 

from an accounting basis to a cash basis. 

In addition, in order for the Group to transfer excess cash from the 
Securitisation Group to Dignity plc, it must achieve both a higher 
EBITDA to total debt service ratio of 1.85 times and achieve a Free 
Cash Flow to total debt service (a defined term in the securitisation 
documentation) of at least 1.4 times. This latter ratio at December 
was 1.57 times (December 2019: 1.65 times). These combined 
requirements are known as the Restricted Payment Condition 
(‘RPC’) which have been met in 2020. Failure to pass the RPC would 
not be a covenant breach and would not cause an acceleration of 
any debt repayments. Any cash not permitted to be transferred 
whilst the RPC is not achieved will be available to be transferred  
at a later date once the RPC requirement is achieved.  

On 31 July 2020, Standard & Poor’s lowered their rating of the 
Group’s Class B Secured Notes from BB- to B+. This change  
of rating has no impact on the day-to-day operations of the 
Secured Notes. 

Revolving Credit Facility 
The Group has the benefit of a £10 million Revolving Credit Facility 
(‘RCF’), provided by the Royal Bank of Scotland, which is secured 
against certain trade and assets held by legal entities outside of 
the Group’s securitisation structure. The RCF can be drawn down 
subject to a set of financial tests applied to these legal entities. 

The facility is available until July 2021, with the option to renew, 
subject to the bank’s consent at the time, by a further year.  
The margin on the facility ranges from 150 to 225 basis points 
depending on the resulting gross leverage. 

This provides the Group ongoing flexibility in a cost effective 
manner as, if undrawn, the facility represents an annual cost  
of approximately £0.1 million. Given the Group’s healthy cash 
balances, the RCF is undrawn at the time of the release of this 
announcement and was not drawn at any point in the year. 

Net debt 
The Trading Group has underlying net debt of £480.6 million 
(2019: £506.2 million) at the balance sheet date. See note 26 for 
further details.  

Whilst the Group has no plans to do so, should it wish to repay  
all amounts due under the Secured Notes, the cost to do so at  
the year end would have been approximately £822.7 million, 
(Class A Notes: £226.0 million; Class B Notes: £596.7 million)  
(2019: £791.9 million, (Class A Notes: £231.4 million; Class B  
Notes: £560.5 million)).   

Net finance costs 
The Group’s underlying finance costs substantially consist of  
the interest on the Secured Notes and ancillary instruments.  
The net finance cost in the period relating to these instruments 
was £24.1 million (2019: £24.4 million). 

Other ongoing underlying finance costs incurred in the period 
amounted to £1.0 million (2019: £1.4 million), covering the 
unwinding of discounts on the Group’s provisions and other 
financial liabilities. 

Interest receivable on bank deposits was £0.1 million (2019:  
£0.2 million). 

The Group also incurred £4.7 million (2019: £nil) lease liability 
interest, under IFRS 16, giving a total statutory net finance cost  
of £29.7 million (2019: £25.6 million). 

Shareholders’ deficit  
Consolidating the Trusts and applying IFRS 15, has a significant 
impact on our reported results. The recognition of contract 
liabilities (the majority of which are expected to fall due after one 
year) in excess of the Trusts’ financial assets has caused the Group’s 
balance sheet to show an overall deficit in shareholders’ funds. 

On consolidation of the Trusts, all funds received from the plan 
members are deferred until recognised on satisfaction of a funeral 
obligation or when a plan is cancelled and refunded (subject to an 
administrative fee). These deferred funds increase under IFRS 15 
by a material non-cash significant financing charge (see note 1 for 
accounting policy). The assets of the Trusts, initially representing 
the same funds received from plan members less an amount paid 
to the Trading Group to cover marketing costs, are invested by  
the Trusts and are subject to market movements. Over time, 
investments are also realised to fund funeral payments or refund 
obligations. The net impact of the above gives rise to a significant 
reduction in the net asset value of the Group to a position where 
the Group has reported a net deficit of £174.0 million (2019: 
£141.5 million). Whilst this position appropriately reflects the 
application of IFRS 15 to the underlying contract with the plan 
member, based on the current cost of delivery of a funeral service, 
delivery of pre-need funerals is expected to result in the future 
recognition of profits under IFRS, which, over time, the Directors 
consider would more than eliminate the deficit noted above. 

This deficit, which only arises on consolidation, has no impact on 
the Group’s future ability to pay dividends to shareholders, which 
relies on the reserves in the Company and not the Group.  

The Trusts 
At the balance sheet date, the Trusts had £967.1 million (2019: 
£947.5 million) of financial assets and £21.6 million (2019: £15.5 
million) of cash, which was recognised in the consolidated balance 
sheet. This has resulted in average net Trust assets per plan 
increasing three per cent to £3,400 (2019: £3,300). The movement 
in financial assets is primarily attributable to remeasurement 
gains recognised in the consolidated income statement of £41.3 
million (2019: £79.5 million), reflecting changes in asset values  
and net disposals of financial assets of £18.7 million (2019 net 
purchases: £9.5 million).  

Aggregated contract liabilities totalled £1,317.5 million (2019: 
£1,304.6 million) with the primary movements being sales of  
new plans of £82.0 million (2019: £91.2 million), increases due  
to significant financing of £53.1 million (2019: £54.1 million) and 
releases due to death or cancellation totalling £122.2 million 
(2019: £96.8 million). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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26    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Financial review continued 
Strategic report

The impact of IFRS 16 – Leases  
In 2020, the Group has adopted the new accounting standard 
IFRS 16, Leases. This standard requires the Group to recognise  
an asset and liability on its balance sheet for operating leases that 
were previously held off balance sheet. As approximately half  
of the Group’s funeral properties and some of its crematoria are 
leased, this has had a material impact to the Group’s statutory 
results. The Group has recognised an initial asset of £101.7 million 
and an initial liability of £93.6 million. Under the transition approach 
being followed comparative results for the prior period are  
not restated.  

At the period end the Group held a right-of-use asset of £95.2 
million and a corresponding lease liability of £88.5 million. 
Furthermore, in the period, operating lease costs of £12.1 million 
were replaced by a depreciation charge of £9.2 million, finance 
cost of £4.7 million and a release of accruals and prepayments  
of £1.7 million. 

As with the Trust consolidation and the impact of IFRS 15, the 
adoption of IFRS 16 does not impact the Group’s securitisation 
covenants, as the Securitisation Group has exercised its ability to 
disregard the impact of the new standard to maintain consistency 
of measurement. 

For more information see note 35. 

Central overheads 

Overview 
Central overheads relate to central services that are not  
specifically attributed to a particular operating division. These 
include the provision of IT, finance, personnel and Directors’ 
emoluments. In addition, and consistent with previous periods, 
the Group records centrally the costs of incentive bonus 
arrangements, such as Long-Term Incentive Plans (‘LTIPs’) and 
annual performance bonuses, which are provided to over  
100 managers working across the business. 

Developments  
Underlying costs in the period were £37.1 million (2019:  
£31.4 million). As anticipated, this reflects continued investment  
in digital activities and central capabilities. The table below 
summarises the key movements: 

                                                                                                                                             H1               H2               FY 
                                                                                                                                             £m              £m             £m 

Central overheads – 2019                                                            14.6        16.8       31.4 

Impact of:  
Digital activities                                                                                  1.0          0.9          1.9 

Salaries                                                                                                 2.7          1.5          4.2 

Other                                                                                                     0.1        (1.0)       (0.9) 

IT support fees                                                                                       –          0.5          0.5  
Central overheads – 2020                                                         18.4        18.7       37.1 

The increase in salaries includes increases of £1.6 million relating 
to staff incentive bonuses, £0.6 million for option scheme charges 
and £0.6 million temporary staff costs primarily to increase the 
cover in the call centre during the pandemic. 

Non-underlying items of £9.8 million (2019: £15.7 million) and 
IFRS 16 credit of £0.1 million (2019: nil) are excluded from 
underlying costs resulting in total central costs of £46.8 million 
(2019: £47.1 million). 

In addition to the above costs, maintenance capital expenditure of 
£1.4 million has been incurred on central projects predominantly 
relating to IT that will help the business as a whole operate more 
efficiently. 

Outlook 
The Group will continue to invest in central functions and 
marketing activity to support the Group’s plans. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Principal risks and uncertainties 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

27

Risk management is embedded throughout the business 
with all employees aware of the role they play. 

Risk governance 

Risk appetite 
Risk appetite is the level of risk the Group is willing to take to 
achieve its strategic objectives and is set by the Board. The 
Board looks at the Group’s appetite to risk across a number  
of areas including market, financing, operations, strategy  
and execution, developments, cybersecurity and technology  
and brand. 

The Board has overall responsibility for the Group’s internal 
control systems and for reviewing their effectiveness. This has 
been designed to assist the Board in making more risk-informed, 
strategic decisions with a view to creating and protecting 
shareholder value. 

There has been no change to the Group’s risk appetite in  
the period. 

The risk management framework

Governance

Accountability and 
ownership

Communication

IDENTIFY & ANALYSE

Risks and impact identified 
• Risks mapped to controls currently in place  
• Residual risks prioritised for mitigation  
• Confirmed with the Board

T E G I C OBJECTIV

E

S

A

R

S T

h

h

S
E
V

I
T
C

E

J

B

O

RISK ASSESSMENT  
PROCESS

C

I

G

E

T

A

STR

h

E

S

BJECTIV

S
T
R
A
T
E
G
IC
O

IMPLEMENT

Existing control  
enforced and tested 
• Remedial action plans  
implemented 

• Board member  
accountable 

ACTION

Controls identified 
• Suggested action  
plans agreed  

• Options for controls  
identified and costed 

• Plans approved  
by the Board

Review

Assess

Report

Respond

Our approach to risk management 
The Group has a well-established governance structure with 
internal control and risk management systems. The risk 
management process: 

• Provides a framework to identify, assess and manage risks, 
both positive and negative, to the Group’s overall strategy 
and the contribution of its individual operations. 

• Allows the Board to fulfil its governance responsibilities by 
making a balanced and understandable assessment of the 
operation of the risk management process and inputs. 

Responsibilities and actions 

The Board 
The Board is responsible for monitoring the Group’s risk and 
their mitigating factors. 

Risk process 
Every six months the Audit Committee formally considers  
the risk register and approves it for adoption by the Board. 

Risk assessment 
Executive Directors and senior management are responsible  
for identifying and assessing business risks. 

Identifying risk 
Risks are identified through discussion with senior 
management and incorporated in the risk register as 
appropriate. 

Assess 
The potential impact and likelihood of occurrence of each risk  
is considered. 

Mitigating activities 
Mitigating factors are identified against each risk where 
possible. 

Review and internal audit 
The link between each risk and the Group’s policies and 
procedures is identified. Where relevant, appropriate work is 
performed by the Group’s internal audit function to assist in 
ensuring the related key controls, procedures and policies are 
understood and operated effectively where they serve to 
mitigate risks. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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28    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Principal risks and uncertainties continued 
Strategic report

Risk status summary 
The ongoing review of the Group’s principal risks focuses on how 
these risks may evolve.  

Pre-arranged funeral plans 
In November 2020, the Financial Conduct Authority (‘FCA’) issued 
a statement welcoming the Government’s laying of legislation 
setting out a timetable for bringing the regulation of pre-need 
funeral plans within the remit of the FCA, expecting to take 
responsibility for the regulation of the sector in Summer 2022. 

On 2 March 2021, the FCA released their consultation on funeral 
plans and their proposed approach to funeral plans. Dignity will 
be engaging constructively through the consultation process 
which closes on 13 April with final regulations expected to be 
published in Q3 2021. 

In order to carry out regulated funeral plan activities, firms must 
be authorised by the FCA. Continuing with regulated activity 
without authorisation will be a criminal offence.  

Dignity believes that this regulation is necessary and welcomes 
its planned introduction. 

COVID-19 has created new risks relating both to our ability  
to deliver our services in the context of restrictions imposed  
by the pandemic and the health and safety implications for  
our colleagues. The potential risks are assessed regularly in  
light of the developing guidance and commentary from  
HM Government.  

The Group has business continuity and pandemic plans that  
are invoked, reviewed and adapted as necessary. 

Accordingly, the ability to maintain average revenue is influenced 
by changes in the competitive landscape and the continued 
impact of COVID-19. 

Competition and Market Authority’s Market Investigation: 

Change in risk 
The CMA’s Final Decision Report into the supply of services  
by funeral directors at the point of need and the supply of 
crematoria services was published on 18 December 2020 such 
that the risk of unexpected findings has now reduced. The Group 
supports the CMA’s conclusions which focus on measures to 
support consumer choice and transparency and welcomes the 
recommendations to Government for quality and standards 
regulation in the UK.

Links

See Executive Chairman’s review p.4 to p.14

See KPIs: p.15 to p.17

See Governance: p.44 to p.83

Our principal risks and uncertainties 
Outlined here are the principal risks facing the Group.  
In assessing which risks should be classified as principal,  
we assess the probability of the risk materialising and the  
financial or strategic impact of the risk.

Operational risk management 

• Significant movements in the death rate 
• Nationwide adverse publicity 
• Fall in average revenue per funeral or cremation resulting 

from market changes  

• Disruptive new business models leading to a significant 

reduction in market share 

• Demographic shifts in population 
• Competition 
• Regulation of pre-arranged funeral plans 
• Regulation of the funeral industry 
• Changes in the funding of the pre-arranged funeral  

plan business 

• Direct cremations 
• Cyber risk 
• COVID-19 response related risks 

Financial risk management 

• Financial Covenant under the Secured Notes 

Emerging risks  
As part of the July 2018 update to the UK Corporate 
Governance Code, Listed companies are required to identify 
the procedures they have in place to identify emerging risks 
faced by the business and an explanation of how these are 
managed or mitigated. This year we have conducted a formal 
exercise to identify and assess emerging risks facing the 
business and these are outlined on page 32. 

Emerging risk and horizon scanning are integrated as part  
of regular risk discussions and we will continue to embed  
this further going forward. 

The principal risks we have identified 
We maintain a detailed register of principal risks and 
uncertainties covering strategic, operational, financial and 
compliance risks. We rate them according to likelihood of 
occurrence and their potential impact. 

In the tables on pages 29 to 32 we provide a summary  
of each risk, a description of the potential impact and a 
summary of mitigating actions.

Key: Risk trend measures 

Risk exposure increased 

Risk exposure decreased 

No significant change  

New emerging risk

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

29

Operational risk management

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Significant movements in the death rate 
There is a risk that the number of deaths in any year 
significantly reduces or increases. This would have a 
direct result on the financial and operational performance 
of both the funeral and crematoria divisions. 

2020 has seen unprecedented times with COVID-19 
impacting all our lives. This has impacted our operations, 
our staff and resourcing. 

Nationwide adverse publicity 
Nationwide adverse publicity for Dignity could result  
in a significant reduction in the number of funerals or 
cremations performed in any financial period. For pre-
arranged funeral plans, adverse publicity for the Group 
or one of its partners could result in a reduction in the 
number of plans sold or an increase in the number of 
plans cancelled. This would have a direct and significant 
impact on the financial performance of the Group.  

The risk is increased as the Dignity brand is marketed 
more widely. 

Fall in average revenue per funeral or cremation 
resulting from market changes   
There has been increasing price competition in the 
funeral market, resulting in material price reductions by 
the Group in recent years. It is highly likely that pricing 
pressure will remain for the foreseeable future and it 
may not therefore be possible to maintain average 
revenue per funeral or cremations at the current level. 

Disruptive new business models leading to  
a significant reduction in market share 
It is possible that external factors such as new 
competitors and the increased impact of the internet  
on the sector, could result in a significant reduction in 
market share within funeral and crematoria operations. 
This would have a direct result on the financial 
performance of those divisions. 

The profile of deaths has historically seen intra year changes of +/- 1 per cent giving  
the Group the ability to plan its business accordingly. The ONS long-term projection is 
for deaths to increase. 
The risk is mitigated by the ability to control costs and the price structure and the ability 
to acquire funerals and crematoria, although this would not mitigate a short-term 
significant reduction in the number of deaths. 
The number of deaths in 2020 was 663,000 which was 14 per cent above the prior year 
and significantly higher than originally anticipated before the onset of the pandemic. It 
is currently unknown over what time frame the death rate will normalise. Our planning 
will continue to be based on the long-term expectations as provided by the Office of 
National Statistics. 
Operationally, we have spent time understanding lessons from the dramatic increase 
in deaths due to COVID-19 to ensure we continue to respond professionally and safely. 
A key part has been staffing: absence levels peaked at circa 16 per cent compared to 
normal levels of one or two per cent. Where required, this was and continues to be 
managed through a national provider of temporary resource. In the Crematoria and 
Memorial Group, staff have been upskilled and cross trained to provide cover as required.

See Executive Chairman’s review: p.4 to p.14

This risk is addressed by the strategic decision to support development of strong national 
brands via the Group’s websites, TV and radio advertising and increased awareness of the 
Group and its services and by the Corporate Communications team monitoring and 
responding, where required, to media statements, articles and interviews. 

In addition, the Group maintains a strong system of internal control to ensure the business 
is managed in line with its strategic objectives. 

See The Client Survey performance: p.17

The Group’s strategic review has resulted in a more efficient business that can 
accommodate more competitive pricing, but which continues to provide clients with a 
greater range of choice, underpinned by excellent client service. This will be supported 
by strong reputational management.  

The Group will continue to adapt to serve evolving client needs. This will be through 
investment in digital capabilities including an enhanced reporting capability of business 
intelligence and management information which will enable risks and trends to be 
identified promptly and accurately. 

This risk has increased due to COVID-19 as the Group has experienced lower average 
revenues than originally expected: these are anticipated to return to the levels 
previously experienced although the period of time needed for this to occur is 
currently unknown. Awareness of simple funerals and Simplicity Cremations has 
increased during the pandemic.

See Operating review: p.18 to p.21

The Group believes that this risk is mitigated by its reputation as a high-quality provider 
and with recommendation being a key driver to the choice of funeral director being 
used. In addition, the Group’s actions on pricing and promotion seek to protect the 
Group’s funeral market share by offering more affordable options. This focus on 
affordability has allowed our market share to begin to stabilise. 

For crematoria operations this is mitigated by the Group’s experience and ability in 
managing the development of new crematoria. 

Additionally, the combination of the development of strong national brands and 
significant investment in digital capability together with a range of product and price 
offerings to clients will strengthen the Group’s competitiveness.

See Operating review: p.18 to p.21

Demographic shifts in population   
There can be no assurance that demographic shifts in 
population will not lead to a reduced demand for funeral 
services in areas where Dignity operates. 

In such situations, Dignity would seek to follow the population shift by rebalancing the 
funeral location network together with meeting the developing cultural requirements.

See Operating review: p.18 to p.21

 
 
 
 
 
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30    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Principal risks and uncertainties continued 
Strategic report

Operational risk management (continued)

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Competition   
The UK funeral services, crematoria and pre-need 
markets are currently fragmented. 

There could be further consolidation or increased 
competition in the industry, whether in the form of 
intensified price competition, service competition, over 
capacity facilitated by the internet or otherwise, which 
could lead to an erosion of the Group’s market share, 
average revenues or an increase in costs and 
consequently a reduction in its profitability. 

Failure to replenish or increase the bank of pre-arranged 
funeral plans could affect market share of the funeral 
division in the longer-term. 

Competition continues to intensify, with additional 
funeral directors opening at varying price points, 
alongside an increase in the popularity of direct 
cremations. 

The purpose of our root and branch review is to position the Group for all eventualities 
whether driven by the rapidly changing competitive environment in which we operate, 
the changes resulting from the CMA’s measures to support consumer choice and 
transparency and recommendations to Government for quality and standards 
regulation in the UK or in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. 

The funeral service model will be adapted to better suit evolving client needs and to 
improve efficiency. We provide clients with a more tailored service, allowing them to 
choose how they wish to interact with Dignity in arranging a funeral through mobile 
staff and improved digital capabilities. 

We continue to develop a new tiered funeral pricing proposition, that will provide 
greater flexibility to meet individual client needs. 

By unbundling our prices and services to provide our clients with greater flexibility  
to create the right funeral, we will be able to provide greater consistency and 
competitiveness on price, while reflecting Dignity's premium service levels. 

A significant online presence and visibility leverages our scale and addresses the needs 
of increasingly digitally focused clients. Through the Dignity and Simplicity names,  
we are leveraging scale advantages in the digital age. We will continue to promote  
the Group's commitment to high standards of care, quality of service delivery and 
competitive entry prices. We also recognise that our established local funeral trading 
names continue to have significant value in the communities they serve. 

Through better allocation of our resources, the resultant efficiencies will allow us to 
reduce the number of funeral locations and their associated cost. Support functions 
are being centralised where appropriate to ensure a cost effective and consistent  
high standard of service.  

There are challenges to opening new crematoria due to the need to obtain planning 
approval and the costs of development. Dignity has extensive experience in managing 
the development of new crematoria. 

The Group offers a market-leading pre-need product, the marketing of which will 
benefit from the current and future significant investment in marketing and enhanced 
digital presence.

See Executive Chairman’s review: p.4 to p.14

Regulation of pre-arranged funeral plans  
FCA Regulation may result in changes to processes, 
systems, pricing, funding, capital requirements and  
terms and conditions of plans. 

Regulation could affect the Group’s opportunity to sell 
pre-arranged funeral plans in the future or could result  
in the Trading Group not being able to draw down the 
current level of marketing allowances. 

One immediate risk highlighted by the consultation 
paper is the proposed removal of commissions from  
the Industry, this would have a significant impact on  
our ability to distribute through Affinity Partners. 

Any changes would apply to the industry as a whole and not just the Group.  
Regulation could materially change the business model and would likely increase costs. 

We are engaging with the FCA through the consultations process to highlight the 
potential unintended consequences of the proposed ban on commissions. We have 
diversified distribution through Partner and Direct channels, as well as a strong market 
presence in the Whole of Life Funeral Benefit market. If this change is enacted it will 
effect the whole industry, whilst we will experience a material drop in volumes, Dignity 
will be in a strong market position as a vertically integrated provider to grow alternative 
channels that remain open post FCA regulation. 

Regulation of the pre-need industry by the FCA is now confirmed for Summer 2022. 
We believe that regulation is necessary and welcome its planned introduction.

See Executive Chairman’s review: p.4 to p.14

Regulation of the funeral industry  
Regulation could result in increased compliance  
costs for the industry as a whole or other unforeseen 
consequences including capping of funeral and 
cremation prices.

The Group already operates at a high standard, compared to the majority of our 
competitors, using facilities appropriate for the dignified care of the deceased.

 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

31

Operational risk management (continued)

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Changes in the funding of the pre-arranged funeral  
plan business 
In the current regulatory environment, the Group  
has given commitments to pre-arranged funeral plan 
members to provide certain funeral services in the future. 

Funding for these plans is reliant on either insurance 
companies paying the amounts owed or the pre-arranged 
funeral plan Trusts having sufficient assets. 

If this is not the case then the Group may receive a lower 
amount per funeral. 

There is considerable regulation around insurance companies which is designed, 
amongst other things, to ensure that the insurance companies meet their obligations. 

The Trusts hold assets with the objective of achieving returns slightly in excess  
of inflation. 

Volatility has continued to be seen in global markets since the year end. After a 
reduction in market values in the first quarter, the actuarial valuation in September 
2020 showed both the NFT and Age UK trusts as showing a surplus.  

Changes in the Trust investment strategy have been agreed and are in the process  
of being implemented. 

See note 30.

Direct cremations  
Growth in the direct cremation market could reduce 
average revenue in the funeral business and adversely 
affect the volume mix and average revenue in the 
crematoria business.

The Group has addressed this with Simplicity Cremations which offers low-cost  
direct cremations without any initial funeral service that are both respectful and 
dignified. They are an affordable alternative to a full funeral or for those who wish  
to have a simple cremation. The Group also now offers a Simplicity pre-arranged 
funeral plan option. 

Cyber risk  
Our business is at risk of financial loss, disruption or 
damage to the reputation of an organisation resulting 
from the failure of its information technology systems. 
This could materialise in a variety of ways including 
deliberate and unauthorised breaches of security to gain 
access to information systems. 

Simplicity Cremations is being promoted via a strong online presence together with  
TV advertising. Other media advertising is also planned.

See Executive Chairman’s review: p.4 to p.14

The Group has, in recent years, invested significantly in this area with the objective of 
both upgrading all aspects of our systems and our internal resources and also using 
external consultants to perform regular external and internal penetration tests, using 
the results to drive a continuous improvement programme.   
The chance of an organisation falling victim to a cyber-attack is growing. Threats are 
more pervasive and sophisticated than ever. 
However, in addition to maintaining appropriate levels of Cyber Insurance we continue 
our investment in fit for purpose security controls, processes, and technology to allow 
us to maintain pace with the current threat landscape whilst proactively monitoring for 
breaches and improving internal understanding and communication of initial risks, 
mitigations and residual risks.   

See Executive Chairman’s review: p.4 to p.14

COVID-19 response related risks 
COVID-19 has created new risks relating to our ability to 
deliver our services in the context of restrictions imposed 
by the pandemic and was added to the risk register as 
part of the 2020 Interim Report.  

The potential risks of COVID-19 to the Group are assessed 
regularly in light of guidance and commentary from HM 
Government. Primary risks include: 

(i)  a lack of availability of staff in operations due to illness, 
self-isolation or Government policy including Test and 
Trace which may result in a material number of 
colleagues needing to self-isolate at the same time 
impairing our ability to provide services; 

(ii)  the need to keep staff safe in the COVID-19 crisis; 

(iii)  a loss of profit due to the cost of our response plans, 

or HM Government intervention causes profit or cash 
concerns; and 

(iv)  mortuary capacity and/or supply of consumables  

is exhausted. 

If continuing long-term, COVID-19 and related social 
distancing measures may result in lower revenues.

In addition to our business continuity and pandemic planning, the risk is mitigated by 
illness tracking, the use of agency staff and staff redeployment. 
The Group has issued Operational Guidance and a PPE policy, secured an increased 
supply of PPE and emphasised HM Government policy such as social distancing. 
We have modelled forward- looking scenarios considering volumes, changes to service 
and revenue and Government intervention. 
We have contingency plans and an escalating route for operations and central offices 
to redeploy resources from other teams and locations. 
We have established central planning of capacity, put new capacity in place, leveraged 
Local Resilience Forums and super-mortuary facilities. 
In addition, the Group recognises the toll that the pandemic has taken on colleagues. 
Issues include mental health, isolation and matters arising from working from home. 
The Group provides the Employee Assistance Programme to all staff which provides 
access to anonymous, independent counselling services and advice to help manage 
any personal wellbeing concerns and provide additional emotional, physical, and 
financial support. 
We are also investing in the training and accreditation of a number of colleagues in 
mental health first aid.

See Executive Chairman’s review: p.4 to p.14

 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Principal risks and uncertainties continued 
Strategic report

Financial risk management

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

Change

Financial Covenant under the Secured Notes  
The Group’s Secured Notes requires EBITDA to total  
debt service to be above 1.5 times. If this financial 
covenant (which is applicable to the securitised subgroup 
of Dignity) is not achieved, then this may lead to an Event 
of Default under the terms of the Secured Notes, which 
could result in the Security Trustee taking control of  
the Securitisation Group on behalf of the Secured  
Note holders.  

In addition, the Group is required to achieve a more 
stringent ratio of 1.85 times for the same test in order  
to be permitted to transfer excess cash from the 
Securitisation Group to Dignity plc.  

The nature of the Group’s debt means that the denominator is now fixed unless 
further Secured Notes are issued in the future. This means that the covenant 
headroom will change proportionately with changes in EBITDA generated by the 
securitised subgroup. 

Current trading continues to support the Group’s financial obligations, however  
lower reported profitability increases the risk of breaching covenants. 

To act as a mitigation against this risk, in 2020 the Group completed an internal 
restructure of its trading assets which increases covenant headroom. 

See Financial review: p.22 to p.26

Emerging risks 

The Group continues to scan for emerging risks through the processes noted above. The key areas where additional risk is 
appearing, all of which are extensions of risk already identified above, are as follows:

Risk description and impact

Mitigating activities and commentary

COVID-19 response related risks 
COVID-19 has resulted in a risk relating both to our ability 
to deliver our services due to restrictions imposed and 
the health and safety implications for our colleagues. 

The Group has business continuity and pandemic plans that are invoked and reviewed 
as necessary. In addition, and to manage staff absences, we have used a national 
provider of temporary resource. 

Change

New

Regulation of pre-arranged funeral plans 
The FCA published its consultation paper – Funeral Plans: 
Proposed approach to regulation on 2 March 2021.   
The market will be required to adhere to the final post 
consultation regulations with effect from July 2022. 

Cyber risk 
Our business like all others is at risk of financial loss, 
disruption or damage to the reputation of an organisation 
resulting from the failure of its information technology 
systems. This could materialise in a variety of ways 
including deliberate and unauthorised breaches of 
security to gain access to information systems. The 
chance of an organisation falling victim to a cyber-attack 
is growing. Threats are more pervasive and sophisticated 
than ever. 

This emerging risk is mitigated by the high standards of selling and administration  
of pre-arranged funeral plans operated by the Group, we have been preparing for 
regulation for the last 12 months.  

New

Dignity as a vertically integrated provider will still be in a strong market position with 
continuing distribution through our funeral locations and the direct to consumer 
marketing model in existence today.  

However, if the current proposed ban on commissions were to be enacted, it would 
have a material effect on volumes for the market and Dignity. 

Changes imposed by the FCA will apply to the industry as a whole.

We continue our investment in fit for purpose security controls, processes, and 
technology to allow us to maintain pace with the current threat landscape whilst 
proactively monitoring for breaches and improving internal understanding and 
communication of initial risks, mitigations and residual risks.

New

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Viability statement 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

33

In accordance with Provision 4.31 of the UK Corporate Governance Code, the Board has assessed the Group's viability taking into 
account its current position, the Boards assessment of its business prospects, and its principal and emerging risks. 

The Directors confirm that they have a reasonable expectation that the Group will continue to operate and meet its liabilities,  
as they fall due, for the subsequent three years to December 2023. 

Consistent with the prior period, three years has been selected as the appropriate period of review for the following reasons: 

• This period aligns with our current medium-term strategic plan and forecasting; and 
• Performance is significantly impacted by deaths which are increasingly difficult to forecast beyond 2023 due to the uncertainty  

the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the medium-term death forecast. 

The key consideration of viability is the Group’s ability to service its Secured Notes as and when those obligations fall due, twice a 
year, totalling approximately £34 million per annum (see Going Concern review for further details on the related covenants which 
are tested quarterly). In making this statement the Directors have fully considered the principal and emerging risks facing the Group 
and have stress tested the impact of a combination of these risks with severe but reasonable scenarios, and the effectiveness of 
any mitigating actions. These scenarios were then reviewed in the context of the Group’s ability to generate funds to meet those 
obligations and comply with the debt service cover ratio (‘DSCR’) covenant.  

The scenarios build on the sensitised base case used for the Going Concern review which assumes that the impact the COVID -19 
pandemic has had on the Group continues for the remainder of 2021 with recovery expected from the beginning of 2022. The 
scenarios have then specifically considered the following: 

• the possibility of 60,000 lower deaths in 2023 compared to the current ONS forecast caused by the excess level of deaths seen 

recently due to COVID-19; 

• no recovery to the current 70:30 mix and average revenue;  
• a worsening of the mix to 65:35 and the average revenue impact; 
• a 50bp reduction to market share in 2021 and beyond;  
• £100 reduction in cremation average revenue; and 
• various combinations of the above. 

The Group has also specifically considered: 

• the Group’s current position and trading prospects; 
• the current and ongoing strategy;  
• the Board’s appetite for risk; and 
• a robust assessment of the principal and emerging risks facing the Group, including those that would threaten its business model, 

future performance, solvency or liquidity, and how they are managed, as explained in this Strategic Report (pages 27 to 32). 

Notwithstanding the above, the Directors confirm that they have a reasonable expectation that the Company will continue in 
operation and meet its liabilities as they fall due over the period to December 2023. It is recognised that future assessments are 
subject to a level of uncertainty and, therefore, future outcomes cannot be predicted with certainty. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Non-financial information statement  
Strategic report 

Our objective is not only to provide and enhance the reputation of our Group but also to promote and embed and build the  
culture of caring, responsibility and performance that adds value to our clients, our people, our shareholders and the local 
communities we serve. 

Our corporate responsibility activities are an important way for us to deliver upon our strategic objectives. We believe that the  
best way to support a sustainable business is to act in the long-term interests of all our stakeholders, in addition to making a 
positive contribution to the communities in which we operate. 

The following table summarises the non-financial information provided in the Annual Report and demonstrates how it is linked  
to the reporting requirements of sections 414CA and 414CB of the Companies Act 2006. 

Reporting requirement

Impacts

Employees

Environment

Waste disposal

Crematoria emissions

Ethical Sourcing

Human Rights

We are truly a people business because we help people at an extremely difficult  
time in their lives. Meeting their needs means that our employees must be caring, 
thoughtful and truly engaged with those they serve, which they are. Dignity staff 
show clients care and commitment demonstrating what we call ‘The Dignity Way’. 
This describes a special culture and way of working that means delivering the highest 
standards of service and going the extra mile. In this COVID-19 pandemic, we have 
had many staff who have isolated from their families in order to continue their jobs 
and serve their communities. 

We believe that the quality of our people is a strong enabler of business growth.  
We value our people as they are a great asset. We support them by recognising  
and rewarding performance and long service plays a key part in this.  

We aim to provide a safe working environment, encourage personal development, 
responsibility and respect, and attract a diverse and inclusive workforce. 

Relevant sections of Annual Report  
and related policies

• Executive Chairman’s Review – page 4 
• Corporate and social responsibility – page 38 
• Directors’ Report – page 82 
• Code of Conduct (1)  
• Equality and Diversity Policy Statement(1) 
• Health and Safety Policy 
• Our CSR commitments(1)

We are committed to maintaining the quality of the environment in which we  
all live and we aim to reduce the impact of our operations so that we act in an 
environmentally friendly manner.

• Corporate and social responsibility – page 40 
• Our CSR commitments(1)

Dignity produces waste that is hazardous. Specifically, these are – items such as 
gloves used for handling the deceased, PPE, waste arising from embalming and 
mercury from cremator abatement, which are placed in dedicated containers and 
are collected by contractors and incinerated. All sites where this happens have  
been registered as required under the legislation. All other waste is disposed of  
in accordance with local authority regulations. The Regional Health and Safety 
Managers also monitor this area. A waste disposal mission statement has been 
issued to all sites.

Crematoria are subject to emission controls from the local authority areas in which 
they are sited. They are licensed on an annual basis with quarterly emissions testing 
information being submitted to the local authority. All cremators are subject to 
rigorous maintenance schedules completed by an external contractor.   

Air Pollution Control is a risk for all crematoria. The Group’s nominated service 
provider completes a planned test programme on all cremators which includes 
emissions testing. This mitigates the risk of any air pollution control issues.

• Corporate and social responsibility – page 40  
• Safe Handling and Use of Substances Policy 
• Waste Disposal Mission Statement 

• Corporate and social responsibility – pages 40 and 41 
• Our CSR commitments(1)  

There is a risk that Dignity could use a supplier that manufactures or purchases  
goods that are made using slave, forced or child labour.  

This risk is mitigated firstly by purchasing via a reputable agent and secondly by ethical 
audits. Factories that supply Dignity are inspected by the General Manager of Dignity 
Manufacturing on a three yearly cycle and audit of ethical production and processes 
undertaken in conjunction with the owners of those factories. An E-Learning Module 
addressing the Modern Slavery Act is required to be completed by colleagues.

• Modern Slavery Act Statement(1) 
• E-Learning Module 
• Our CSR commitments(1) 

We are committed to ensuring that there is no modern slavery or human trafficking 
in our supply chains or in any part of our business. Our stated commitment is to act 
ethically and with integrity in all our business relationships and to implement and 
enforce effective systems and controls to ensure slavery and human trafficking is  
not taking place anywhere in our supply chains or in any part of the business.

• Modern Slavery Act Statement (1) 
• Our CSR commitments(1)

Anti-corruption and  
anti-bribery

We are committed to conducting our operations in a fair and ethical manner and  
will not tolerate any form of bribery or corruption from employees, suppliers or 
other parties. 

• Anti-bribery and Corruption Policy(1) 
• Money Laundering Policy 
• Code of Conduct(1) 
• Ethics and Conflicts of Interest Policy 
• Annual declarations of compliance with both the  
Ethics and Conflicts of Interest Policy and other  
relevant policies and laws

Due diligence processes 
implemented in the 
pursuit of policies

We have induction, training and e-learning programmes to ensure that our policies 
and processes are understood and implemented by our employees. Our policies 
and processes promote and embed a culture of responsibility and performance 
that adds value to all of our stakeholders. Each year, an Annual Compliance 
Declaration is completed by each member of the Executive and Senior Leadership 
Teams for the individual to confirm compliance with all applicable rules, regulations 
and policies.

• For our strategy and business model, relationships  
and services, see the Executive Chairman’s Review  
pages 4 to 14 

• Our non-financial key performance indicators are  

shown on page 16 

• For our principal risks and uncertainties and how they 

are mitigated, see page 27 

(1) These can be found on the Group’s website 

www.dignityplc.co.uk. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

35

Corporate and social responsibility report  

A responsible, sustainable  
and inclusive business  

Reaffirming our commitment to our core social purpose 
Our business and people have truly been tested by the 
challenging events of 2020. Our response has clearly 
demonstrated the strength and resilience of our business,  
the dedication of our people in whichever role they play  
and ultimately reaffirmed our commitment to our core  
social purpose. 

Our culture and commitment to our stakeholders 
Commitment to doing business the right way is in the DNA  
of the Dignity Group. We are the only publicly listed company  
in the UK operating in the funeral sector and as such have a 
responsibility as a good corporate citizen. As one of the leading 
providers of funeral services in the UK, we seek to earn the trust 
of our clients, society and our wider stakeholders by acting with 
integrity and a deep sense of responsibility at all times. We look 
to build relationships with all our stakeholders based on 
openness and continuing dialogue. 

Our stakeholders include: 

• Clients 
• Communities 
• Employees 
• Investors 
• Policymakers 

Why it is important to us 
Good and authentic CSR enhances business reputation.  
It can help to raise awareness among consumers, increase 
brand recognition and drive greater levels of engagement and 
satisfaction with stakeholders. We also see benefits specifically 
among our own people, who feel a strong sense of pride 
working for a demonstrably responsible company and become 
great ambassadors for it within their own networks. This shows 
the importance of not only embedding responsible practices 
throughout the business but sharing our ambitions and 
achievements too.

We will continue to be a responsible and inclusive business – 
in how we operate and behave, serve our clients and society, 
respect our people and the environment. 

Our long-term approach to sustainability enables us to 
demonstrate, measure and improve our performance in 
those areas where we can make the greatest impact and 
deliver the most significant value. 

Throughout this section we outline our commitments and 
summarise our actions in 2020: 

• Delivering for our clients. 

• A meaningful and positive impact in our communities. 

• Our people, culture and values.  

• Safeguarding the environment.  

• Responsible business practice.

We are a caring and responsible business and at 
its heart is a core social purpose to help people 
at one of the most difficult times in their lives; 
for today, tomorrow and future generations. 

This purpose connects us with our clients and 
communities, inspires our people and reinforces 
our commitment to society. It is critical to the 
long-term success of our organisation. 

We provide a vital service to those in need and 
we do so in a sustainable manner that is both 
socially and environmentally aware, as well as 
commercially successful for the benefit of all  
our stakeholders. 

Our core social purpose drives our approach

Social

Environmental

Governance

Clients

Colleagues

Managing Our 
Environmental 
Impact

Communities

Being a  
Responsible  
Business

 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Corporate and social responsibility report continued  
Strategic report

Serving our clients with  
care and compassion

Our commitments 

• We exist to serve our clients;  

• We earn their trust by focusing on their 
needs and delivering excellent service;  

• We put ourselves at the heart of local 

communities; and 

• We are determined to make a real 

difference to the people we interact  
with every day. 

Dignity supports and guides clients at every step  
of the funeral arrangements, while always treating their 
loved ones with the greatest care and professionalism. 

Creating safe spaces  
We understand how difficult it can be to lose a loved one, 
especially in such challenging times. Government guidance has 
resulted in changes to how we work, but it does not compromise 
our ability to arrange dignified funerals where our clients can 
properly say goodbye.  

We are taking care to ensure clients feel completely safe with us.  
Our funeral homes are COVID-secure for those who still wish to 
visit us during the arrangement process, with rigorous hygiene 
routines in place, including everywhere we care for the deceased. 
Before every funeral, we carefully clean and prepare our 
limousines. Thanks to the installation of perspex partitions,  
these vehicles provide a safe environment for transporting 
families to a service. 

A gift to treasure 
Personal touches always make a funeral more meaningful. At 
the height of the pandemic, a team of colleagues in Lancashire 
decided to crochet rainbows in their spare time, placing one  
on each coffin while the deceased was in their care. 

After the funeral, the rainbows were offered to family members 
as a gift. Not only does the rainbow itself serve a symbol of 
peace and hope, recipients were especially grateful to have a 
keepsake that had been with their loved one throughout their 
final journey. 

Care that continues long after the funeral 

Many of our locations have a longstanding tradition of 
organising memorial services during the festive season, 
providing recently bereaved families with an opportunity to 
commemorate those they have lost. COVID-19 restrictions 
meant such face-to-face gatherings were not possible last 
Christmas, yet that did not stop our colleagues showing 
clients how much they care.   

They made use of digital technology to webcast services  
for families to watch at home, sending out orders of service 
and encouraging them to light a candle of remembrance. 
Where live streaming could not be supported, many services 
were pre-recorded and made available for secure playback 
through our local webpages.  

Stars shine bright 
Our crematoria proudly came together to honour the 
deceased and create poignant visible tributes at all 46 sites. 
Families were invited to dedicate a star shaped Christmas  
tree tag to a loved one and the displays were completed  
with specially-commissioned plaques bearing the words:  
in dedication to all those who have shown strength in 2020. 
There was a charitable element to the initiative too. Colleagues 
at each crematorium selected a local cause and made a £500 
donation, plus any additional contributions families wished  
to offer. 

Care and compassion are second nature to us whenever  
a death occurs, but Christmas can be a particularly difficult 
time for those coping with grief. Just reaching out to clients 
and offering them our support and best wishes can make  
a real difference. 

Delivering excellent client service 
Client service and experience is at the heart of everything we 
do and it is the central element that connects all our people 
regardless of their role.  

We closely monitor the results of our client surveys which are 
conducted by our Funeral services division. This is one of our 
current measures of how these services meet or exceed client 
expectations. Our consistently high satisfaction scores reflect 
the strength of our relationships with our clients. We listen to 
our clients and use our survey responses to focus on areas 
where we can improve and add value. 

Meeting and exceeding expectations 

98.9% 

In 2020, 98.9 per cent (2019: 99.2 per cent) of respondents  
said we met or exceeded expectations.

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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

37

Playing our part in local communities 
and having a positive social impact

Putting others first 
Our colleagues pride themselves on being active in their 
communities, regularly helping out with special events, communal 
celebrations and getting behind locally-focused charities. This  
past year has, of course, been decidedly different because of 
measures imposed to limit the spread of COVID-19. However, the 
enthusiasm and willingness of our people to put others first and 
make meaningful contributions remains as strong as ever.  

For some, it has been about fundraising, swapping mass 
participation events for virtual challenges in support of vital 
causes including life limited children, mental health, heart  
disease, homelessness, animal welfare, food banks and the  
air ambulance service. 

Others have made use of their prominent locations on local high 
streets to recognise key calendar events and create striking window 
displays – rainbows offering thanks to the nation’s keyworkers 
and poppies for Remembrance Sunday to name but a few.  

Music to their ears 
At a point when lockdown restrictions were beginning to  
ease, teams in the North East took to the road with Dignity’s 
Charity Organ. 

They visited several care homes in the region, using the  
Victorian-style fairground organ to play musical recitals which 
residents and staff could enjoy from the safety of their rooms 
and communal areas. A small gesture, but a welcome distraction 
for those having to shield and stay separated from their families. 

Helping to transform lives

Our nominated charity 
Dignity is delighted to announce a new three year partnership 
with Teenage Cancer Trust and colleagues across the country 
will be working together to find fun and creative ways to  
raise money for young people who are facing the toughest  
of times.  

Teenage Cancer Trust is the only UK charity dedicated to 
providing specialist nursing care for patients aged 13-24 who 
have cancer. Their support puts young people in the best 
possible place, physically, mentally and emotionally, for their 
cancer treatment and beyond. 

Giving back to society 
We want to play our part in driving positive outcomes for 
society and we know that through our actions and by making 
a meaningful contribution in the local communities we live 
and work in that we fulfil this objective. 

Teenage Cancer Trust relies on the generosity and 
goodwill of others to fund its expert nurses, support 
teams and 28 hospital units.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Corporate and social responsibility report continued  
Strategic report

Creating an open culture and 
safe and inclusive workplace

A different approach 
In a year like no other, there has been a fundamental shift in 
how many of our colleagues perform their roles. They have 
adapted quickly to working from home wherever possible, 
embracing digital technology to stay in daily contact with their 
team members and make key processes paper-free.  

When new challenges emerged, such as the need for some 
individuals to shield, or the closure of schools, we remained  
fair and flexible in our approach to help alleviate the strain.  
The willingness of colleagues to step in and assist, for example 
by working in different locations or taking on additional 
responsibilities, also deserves recognition and praise. 

Looking after each other 
We care deeply about the welfare of our people. Their desire to 
look after our clients is what sets us apart, but equally that must 
not come at the expense of their own health and wellbeing.   

While we have supported those unable to take their full 
allocation of annual leave by carrying over unused days for a 
period of up to two years, everyone is still being encouraged  
to regularly take time out and recharge. 

Workplace safety, culture and behaviours  
Safety in the workplace remains a priority, helping to protect the 
people who work at, and visit, our premises. Working in a safe 
environment allows us to focus on delivering excellent service  
to our clients while also supporting employee engagement.  

Dignity’s Health and Safety team provides support services to 
our branches, crematoria, manufacturing site and head office 
locations. Alongside Health and Safety training, we are also 
investing in the training and accreditation of a number of 
colleagues in mental health first aid. 

Reduction in reportable accidents 

24% 

Since 2009 the number of accidents has reduced  
by 24 per cent.

Our commitments 

• We are all part of one team, 

performing at our best when  
we work together; 

• We treat each other with  
patience and kindness; 

• We nurture talent and create 
opportunities for those who  
want to develop; and  

• We aim to provide a safe working 
environment; ensuring employee  
health, safety and wellbeing.

Out of the most testing of circumstances has come an 
exemplary response from our people. They help each 
other in order to help families in need, creating standards 
of care we can all be immensely proud of.

Stay safe and stay well 

Working safely 
Frontline colleagues have a consistent supply of the 
personal protective equipment they need to carry out their 
roles in safety. We publish detailed operational guidance 
which remains under constant review to reflect any changes 
in COVID-related safety measures and recommended 
conduct across each of the four devolved nations. 

Do not struggle alone 
Throughout the pandemic we have sought to discuss  
openly the importance of looking after our mental health. 
We regularly share information, tips and videos through  
our internal news channels, covering topics such as stress 
management, isolation, healthy eating, exercise and sleep. 
Managers are advised on how to recognise the signs that 
someone in their team might be struggling to cope.  

All colleagues have 24/7 access to a confidential Employee 
Assistance Programme that is available online and over  
the telephone. We also promote wider industry schemes 
including Our Frontline for critical workers and emotional 
wellbeing support via the National Association of Funeral 
Directors. 

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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

39

Long service 

28% 

28 per cent of our people have worked at Dignity  
for more than 10 years. 

Employees and service

Total employees/ratio  
(% & number)

Employee service  
(% & number)

3,323

Male: 47% (1,574 employees)
Female: 53% (1,749 employees)  

Employee diversity 

Senior managers  
(% & number) 

Less than 1 year: 24% (800 employees)
1–4 years: 31% (1,018 employees)
5–9 years: 18% (587 employees) 
10 –19 years: 18% (606 employees)
Over 20 years: 9% (312 employees)

Senior and middle managers  
(% & number)

Male: 81% (25 employees)
Female: 19% (6 employees) 

Male: 64% (118 employees)
Female: 36% (66 employees) 

Driving employee engagement

Keeping everyone informed 
Our business has always communicated regularly with 
colleagues and that need is stronger than ever now with less 
face-to-face contact taking place while many of us continue 
to work remotely. Existing internal news channels were 
repurposed at the start of the pandemic so related updates 
could be shared promptly.   

We established a communal online space specifically  
for our managers so it became easier to cascade key 
information and share ideas for best practice. We are  
also adding elements to make our main news area more 
interactive, a recent example being the Good Deed Feed 
where colleagues can upload personalised messages of 
thanks for great work or acts of kindness. 

The Dignity Employee Forum was established to provide the 
opportunity for 17 elected employee representatives from  
all corners of the Group to represent colleagues. The Forum 
provides: a structured voice for colleagues and facilitates 
two-way communication between employees, management 
and the Board, supports a caring and open culture where 
employees can make their voices heard. 

Our values and behaviours encapsulate who we are, 
support our purpose and help us to preserve a strong  
and positive culture.

Building and promoting an inclusive and diverse  
workplace culture 
Dignity is dedicated to building a workforce which is 
representative of the communities we serve in all aspects of 
diversity, and encouraging a culture that celebrates difference. 
Our inclusion and diversity policies seek to demonstrate our 
commitment to providing an inclusive, equal and fair working 
environment. 

Strengthening our teams 
Living up to our promise of taking the greatest care relies on  
us recruiting well and having the best people performing the 
right roles. We have focused this year on reviewing how we 
recruit, identifying areas where we can simplify internal 
processes, ease the administrative burden on our hiring 
managers and reduce the time required to get from application 
to offer. This is proving particularly beneficial for filling essential 
operational vacancies during the pandemic while demand  
for our services remains high.  

Providing opportunities for existing colleagues 
We have taken steps to improve our promotion of internal 
vacancies, making them more accessible for colleagues who  
are eager to progress in their careers. Having such a breadth  
of talent at Dignity means we need to ensure new vacancies  
get maximum visibility, since the ideal candidate for a role can 
often come from within the business. 

This has been achieved through the introduction of a new 
vacancies portal, which supports online applications as well  
as having searchable job listings. The next phase of the project 
will be to improve the recruitment experience for external 
applicants so the process is more straightforward and offers 
greater levels of insight into our culture and values.

Empowering people with future skills

Enter the Learning Zone 
Our learning and development function has been quick to 
respond to changing working practices, adapting traditional 
classroom-based programmes to make them suitable for 
delivery via digital platforms such as Teams. This was shortly 
followed by the introduction of our Learning Zone, a secure 
internet site dedicated to personal development.   

The Learning Zone features a wide range of self-study 
modules to help build key business and workplace skills  
and guide people towards wider responsibilities such as 
managing others. Feedback has been extremely positive and 
we have engaged with regular site users to help create new 
modules based on real everyday needs. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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40    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Corporate and social responsibility report continued  
Strategic report

Safeguarding the  
environment 

Our commitments 

• Be environmentally responsible to 
help maintain the quality of the 
communities in which we work; 

• Understand the potentially negative 
contributions of our actions to the 
environment and optimise how we 
manage them; and 

• Engage and inform our colleagues, 
promoting good practices across all 
job roles.

Identifying areas for improvement 
Our business aims to provide strong leadership in the pursuit  
of safe and environmentally responsible workplaces. We are 
mindful of the importance of minimising the impact our 
business activities have on the environment and the need  
to mitigate future risks wherever possible.  

Under regulations set by the Department for Environment, 
Food and Rural Affairs, 50 per cent of the cremations that  
take place in the UK must be subject to mercury abatement. 
Our crematoria achieved a level of 56 per cent during 2020, 
having carried out a total of 74,500 cremations across all  
46 of our sites. 

An additional area of focus is looking at ways of proactively 
reducing carbon in our gas consumption, either by purchasing 
biogas as an environmentally friendly, renewable energy source, 
or buying carbon credits which would then help to finance 
carbon reduction projects both at home and abroad.  

We recognise our environmental responsibilities and are 
working hard to lessen the impact of our operations by 
reducing carbon emissions, energy consumption and 
using resources more efficiently.

Managing our environmental impact

Responsible and sustainable supply chains

Watching our waste 
It has been more than 12 months since we began working 
with Veolia to handle our general and mixed recyclable waste. 
During 2020 we diverted 99.98 per cent of our waste from 
landfill and this will reach 100 per cent in 2021 when we 
successfully implement a diversion solution for one remaining 
business location. A proportion of the total waste handled by 
Veolia is used for energy production, in our case enough to 
power 99 homes with electricity for a whole year.  

Making the right choices 
Thanks to a new partnership with the consultancy Inspired 
Energy, we are getting greater insight into energy usage  
across our property portfolio. One objective is to ensure we 
are buying energy at the best prices, but by managing data 
from our smart meters and energy bills we can also look  
for opportunities to make savings and reduce or offset  
carbon emissions.

Meeting increased demand 
Dignity’s coffin manufacturing facility is the backbone of our 
business, enabling us to provide a complete and seamless 
service to our clients. We utilise raw materials that originate 
from well-managed and sustainable sources; in fact 98 per 
cent of the coffins we produce are made with timber certified 
by the Forest Stewardship Council.  

Demand for coffins increased dramatically in 2020, particularly 
in the early stages of the pandemic after the country entered 
its first national lockdown. The factory has been vital in our 
response to COVID-19, producing around 2,000 coffins a week 
at its peak and a total of 75,000 by the end of the year, which is 
20 per cent more than in 2019.   

Cutting edge technology helps make the manufacturing 
process efficient and scalable, as clearly demonstrated over 
recent months. But it is the expertise and craftsmanship within 
the team that ensures the end product always meets the high 
standards our clients expect. 

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100% 

All of the electricity supplied to 
us across England, Wales and 
Scotland comes from 100% 
renewable sources.

98% 

98 per cent of the coffins we 
produce are made with timber 
certified by the Forest 
Stewardship Council.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

41

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Total C02  (Market Based) 
FTE Employees 
Services Performed  
Operating Profit (in £m) 
Revenue (in £m)  
Energy MWh  

Percentage Index Graph Scope  
1 & 2 Only (Base Year 2009) 

1% 

1% reduction in our carbon emissions 
during the period.

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200

150

100

50

0

Environmental performance

Greenhouse gas emissions reporting for 2020 

Methodology 

The Group reports its greenhouse gas to CDP on an annual basis in 
tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent resulting from the combustion 
of fuel (direct Scope 1 emissions) and that resulting from the 
purchase of electricity (indirect Scope 2 emissions). 

The emissions for the last five years are as follows: 

                                                                   2020                2019              2018               2017               2016 

Scope 1                           15,710       15,844     16,028      15,535      15,616 
Scope 2                                   53               59          174           423        7,106 

Total                                 15,763       15,903     16,202      15,958      22,722 

Per FTE Employee               5.3             5.2            5.3            4.8            8.0 

Our energy consumption figures over the same periods are: 

                                                               2020                2019              2018               2017               2016 

MWh                                94,175       94,067     95,147      92,121      91,413 

Our greenhouse gas emissions have been calculated on a per fulltime 
equivalent employee ratio. This intensity metric is the best measure 
available to the Group given the diversity of the property portfolio, the 
three separate divisions of the business, and the absence of a similar 
business to benchmark against.  

We have calculated our Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions since 
2010 and work alongside Ecometrica Ltd to assist with our carbon 
emissions reporting. This supports greater transparency and accuracy 
of data. Emissions have derived from accurate consumption 
information on utility bills, smart meter readings and fuel card data. 

GHG emissions have been calculated in accordance with the GHG 
Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (revised 
edition), using the market based on the Scope 2 calculation method 
together with the latest emission factors from recognised public 
sources, principally Defra. In addition, Dignity’s carbon emissions 
disclosure has been undertaken in accordance with the Companies 
Act 2006. 

Acting with integrity through strong governance 

Trust, Transparency and Accountability

Business integrity 
A number of procedures and policies are in place to further 
ensure responsible practice is embedded in the way we do 
business. 

Dignity Code of Conduct 
Our Code of Conduct underpins the behaviours of everyone 
engaged by us when conducting business on our behalf. It is  
a statement of how we maintain good corporate citizenship in 
relation to all those who have an interest in our reputation. 

Anti-Bribery & Corruption 
We insist on honesty, integrity and fairness in all aspects of our 
business and expect the highest standards of professionalism 
and ethical conduct. We will not engage in bribery or corruption 
in any form and have a zero tolerance approach to breach. 

Equality & Diversity 
There shall be no discrimination or less favourable treatment 
of people in respect of age, race, religion or belief, gender,  
sex, sexual orientation, pregnancy, disability or marital status.  
We engage, promote and train our colleagues on the basis  
of their capabilities, qualifications and experience, without 
discrimination. 

Modern Slavery Act 
We are committed to implementing and enforcing effective 
systems and controls to ensure slavery and human trafficking 
is not taking place anywhere in our supply chains or in any 
part of our business. 

Supplier Code of Conduct 
We rely on our suppliers to provide important services that 
help us care for our clients and expect them to support and 
promote our core values of professionalism, compassion  
and respect.

We are committed to the highest standards of 
governance as an essential constituent of the way 
we operate and behave based on trust, transparency 
and accountability. 

Doing the right thing 
We believe that operating sustainably and responsibly is 
fundamental to creating long-term value. Our objective is 
not only to strengthen the reputation of our company, but 
also to promote and embed a culture of responsibility and 
performance that adds value to our clients, our people, 
our shareholders and the local communities we serve.

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42    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Section 172 Statement 
Strategic report

Stakeholder engagement  
and decision-making 

An open and collaborative 
approach to stakeholder 
engagement  

Engaging and building trust with  
the broad range of stakeholders 
that interact with, or are impacted 
by, our business is key to delivering 
our strategy and ensuring our 
success over the long-term.  

Section 172(1) Reporting 
The revised UK Corporate Governance 
Code (‘2018 Code’) was published in July 
2018 and applies to accounting periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2019. 
The Companies (Miscellaneous 
Reporting) Regulations 2018 (‘2018 
MRR’) require directors to explain how 
they considered the interests of key 
stakeholders and the broader matters 
set out in Section 172(1) (A) to (F) of  
the Companies Act 2006 (‘s172’) when 
performing their duty to promote the 
success of the Company under s172. 
This includes considering the interest  
of other stakeholders  which will have 
an impact on the long-term success  
of the Company.  

This s172 Statement, which is reported 
for the first time, reviews the principal 
decisions made by the Board of 
Directors and how the Directors have 
engaged with stakeholders. 

Our approach 
In line with the reporting requirements, 
we have evolved our stakeholder 
engagement section to describe our 
stakeholders and how the matters set 
out in s172 have been considered in 
Board discussions and decision-making.  

As a Board, we acknowledge our duty  
to make the best decisions we can but 
also to make sure that we communicate 
well and lead by example. In the 2020 
financial period, the Board of Directors 
consider they have acted in good faith, 
in a way most likely to promote the 
success of the Group for the benefits  
of its stakeholders as a whole. 

Our stakeholders 

Employee priorities:  

Amongst Dignity’s stakeholders are:  

• Our clients who are at the heart of what we 
do. We are here to help them at one of the 
most difficult times of their lives. Listening to 
our clients and understanding their needs 
drives what we do as a business. 

• Both our Pre-Need Funeral Plan holders and 

the Trustees of the related Funeral Plan 
Trusts. Our commitment is quality, security 
and peace of mind. 

• Communities and the environment in which 

we operate. We take our role as a 
responsible corporate citizen extremely 
seriously and recognise that our broader role 
in society goes beyond creating value. We will 
continue to be a responsible and sustainable 
business to meet our social responsibilities.  

• Our colleagues who are fundamental to  
the operation of our business and for the 
delivery of outstanding client service. Their 
loyalty, compassion and commitment are 
essential to our business. 

• Our investors, our shareholders and 

bondholders, for whom who we aim to 
provide sustainable long-term value. 

• Our suppliers. Dignity annually spends about 
£200 million acquiring goods and services to 
support our business needs and delivering 
services to our clients. We engage with all 
those in our supply chain to comply with  
our values.  

• Both our pensioners and the Trustees of  

our pension funds who are reliant on good 
management and governance to facilitate 
our continued success. 

• We engage with Government and regulatory 

bodies, such as the Financial Conduct 
Authority and the Competition and Markets 
Authority, that both enact policies required 
of a public company and that affect the 
funeral industry.  

           Our commitment to our 
           stakeholders 

Commitment to doing business the right  
way is in the DNA of the Dignity Group. We  
are the only publicly listed company in the UK 
operating in the funeral sector, and as such 
have a responsibility to fulfil our role as a good 
corporate citizen. This means listening to our 
stakeholders and understanding what is 
important to them. 
As a sector leader, we must look beyond our 
own business performance, and consider 
societal and economic factors in our wider 
environment. It is essential, of course, that we 
deliver value to our shareholders. But it is also 
important that we provide quality and value to 
our clients and make a positive contribution to 
society. As a funeral company, we are involved 
in a fundamental and timeless human ritual 
and we never lose sight of the responsibility 
this places on us. As a result, stakeholder 
interests are critical to the decisions we make. 

           Colleagues 

We employ 3,323 people who we rely on to 
provide our services in a caring, thoughtful 
and truly engaged way with the people and 
communities we serve.  

• Ensuring their health, safety and wellbeing; 
• A culture of fairness, respect and valuing; 
• Opportunities to develop professionally; and 
• Attractive and fair rewards and benefits.  

How we engage with colleagues:   

• The Dignity Employee Forum was established 

to provide the opportunity for 17 elected 
employee representatives from all corners  
of the Group to represent colleagues and 
discuss business-related issues. The Forum 
provides:  

  – a structured voice for colleagues ensuring 
information and feedback is provided to 
facilitate two-way communication between 
employees, management and the Board  
of Directors; and 

  – supports a caring and open culture where 
employees can make their voice heard.  

Information is shared on topics such as 
financial performance, remuneration policy, 
strategy and vision. 

           Clients 

Dignity monitors closely the results of client 
surveys in order to focus on areas in which  
we can improve our service and add value for 
our clients. Satisfied clients are essential for  
a sustainable and successful business. 

In 2020, we received 30,900 responses to our 
surveys from clients who used our services. 
The results continue to demonstrate the 
outstanding service provided by colleagues. 
98.9 per cent of respondents said we met or 
exceeded their expectations and 97.9 per cent 
of respondents said they would recommend us. 

           Community initiatives 

Helping people at one of the most difficult 
times in their lives is Dignity’s core social 
purpose. Contributing to the communities we 
serve benefits both local people and Dignity 
as a business. 

Our colleagues continue to build strong links 
through engagement with local initiatives and 
fundraising for charities and support many 
events each year. 

Our priorities are:  

• Build closer relationships locally, developing 
a greater understanding of community and 
clients’ needs; 

• Recruit, train and develop local people; 
• Participate in activities that make a 

difference; and 

• Act in the long-term interests of all our 

stakeholders. 

These priorities enhance our reputation, 
sustain longevity and contribute to local 
communities. 

For details of the Group’s charity activity  
and community initiatives, please see the 
Corporate and social responsibility report  
on page 37. 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

43

Decision-making and considering 
the long-term interests of 
stakeholders 

We recognise the importance  
of engaging with stakeholders to 
inform our strategy and Board 
decision-making. Relevant 
stakeholder interests are taken into 
account by the Board when it takes 
decisions. In making its decisions, 
the Board considers the outcomes 
of relevant stakeholder engagement, 
as well as the need to maintain  
a reputation for high-standards  
of business conduct, the need  
to act fairly and the long-term 
consequences of its decisions. 

We believe that principal decisions 
are both those that are material  
to the Group and/or those that  
are significant to any of our key 
stakeholder Groups. 

The following principal decisions 
and activities demonstrate how the 
Board has assessed and addressed 
different stakeholder interests in 
making decisions that support the 
implementation of the Group’s 
long-term strategy.

1. 

3. 

Strategic review 
The combination of price competition and 
changing consumer requirements has 
necessitated a review of our business model 
to ensure our funeral and crematoria services 
remain focused on delivering high-standards 
while enabling Dignity to adapt and lead in  
a changing marketplace. 

• Pricing and Brand – this is where we seek to 
grow market share through implementing  
a more client centric service model, a more 
flexible pricing structure and building our 
national brands. 

• Our Operating Model – where we invest in 

and simplify the operating model to include 
an enhanced network structure that is lower 
cost and provides better service and product 
range than the competition. 

• Streamline central support and invest in 
technology to centralise and automate 
administrative processes together with a 
simplified, focused management structure. 

The Board’s vision is to lead the funeral  
sector in terms of quality, standards and 
value-for-money. Our root and branch review 
will reposition Dignity as a more coherent, 
cohesive and technology enabled business 
geared to meet the changing needs of our 
clients with an enhanced and very competitive 
range of services and price options. 

2. 

Dividends 
Although the Group has significant cash 
resources and continues to be cash 
generative, in order to maintain maximum 
flexibility and liquidity, the Board concluded 
that it was prudent to continue with the 
temporary cessation of dividend payments. 
The Group has an established track record of 
returning cash to shareholders at appropriate 
times over many years and once the current 
uncertain competitive environment becomes 
clearer, it anticipates resuming dividend 
payments or returning excess cash to 
shareholders. 

Response to COVID-19 
The employees of this organisation have 
responded to the pandemic with tireless 
effort to support both each other and our 
clients during testing times and to provide 
some closure for the bereaved. Their 
professionalism, flexibility and commitment 
have been crucial to providing respectful, 
high-quality care to the deceased and their 
families notwithstanding the daily obstacles 
presented by the pandemic: whether it be 
high levels of colleague absence, sourcing 
PPE or managing the pressure on  
mortuary space. 

Our frontline colleagues have been ably 
supported by our head office staff who  
have embraced and adapted to new ways  
of working. 

4. 

Corporate development 
The Board has suspended the acquisition  
of small funeral businesses as it is 
inconsistent with the Group's strategy and 
plans for the future. The Group therefore 
does not anticipate acquiring any further 
funeral locations in the foreseeable future.  

Should opportunities of larger, more 
established businesses become available,  
the Group will consider these on a case by 
case basis. 

5. 

Covenant levels 
Whilst financial performance in 2020 means 
that the Group has comfortably achieved the 
required covenant levels, it remained prudent 
to plan for lower volumes in 2021 and 2022. 
As a consequence, in July 2020, the Group 
completed an internal restructure of its 
trading assets which serves to further 
increase covenant headroom. 

The principles underpinning s172 are not something that are only 
considered at Board level, they are part of our culture and are embedded 
in all that we do as a responsible business.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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44    

Governance 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

In this section 

45 Chairman’s introduction to governance 
50 Governance structure 
51 Board of Directors 
52 Operating Board 
53 Directors’ statement on corporate governance 
58 Audit Committee report 
62 Nomination Committee report 
63 Report on Directors’ remuneration 
81 Directors’ report

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Chairman’s introduction to governance 
Governance 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

45

Dear Shareholder, 

I am pleased to be able to present on behalf of the Board  
the Group’s Corporate Governance Report for 2020. This  
report is intended to provide shareholders with a clear and 
comprehensive explanation of what good governance means 
within Dignity, what it means to us, the Board of Directors, how 
it is applied and how it guides our decision-making.  

We are reporting for the first time in line with the UK Corporate 
Governance Code July 2018 (the ‘Code’). Following what has 
been a challenging year for the Group both in terms of the 
impact of COVID-19 and the extent of changes to the Board, 
there are a number of areas where the Group are either 
currently or have been for part of the year unable to comply 
with the Code which are explained later in this report. These 
matters of non-compliance are temporary and the Board’s 
continued objective remains to manage the Group for the 
benefit of all stakeholders for which the application of good 
corporate governance is essential and ultimately to comply 
with the Code in all respects. 

Good governance is, therefore, crucial at all levels within the 
Group and it is the responsibility of the Board both to lead by 
example and to set the tone from the top. It means ensuring 
that an effective internal framework of systems and controls 
exists which includes clearly defined authorities and 
accountability which promote success, whilst allowing risks to 
be managed to appropriate levels. To do this the Board must 
make sound judgements whilst giving consideration to the 
views of our shareholders and other stakeholders. 

I would encourage you to participate in our Annual General 
Meeting on 23 June 2021 and take the opportunity to meet the 
Board. We will take formal questions at that meeting. 

Clive Whiley, Chairman 
17 March 2021

Transparent reporting 
The Group has a clear purpose, and integral to delivering it  
is being a socially responsible company which demonstrates 
strong ethical behaviour within a framework of transparent  
and robust governance.  

Section 172 Statement 
In line with the new reporting requirements of the 2018  
UK Corporate Governance Code, we have evolved our 
stakeholder engagement and included a section to describe how 
our stakeholders and the matters set out in Section 172 of the 
Companies Act 2006, have been considered in Board discussions 
and decision-making. The Board actively engages with our 
clients, shareholders, employees and wider stakeholder Groups 
when making decisions, and considers the impact of Group 
activities on the community, environment and its reputation.  

Principles of the UK Corporate Governance Code 2018 
The Principles set out in the UK Corporate Governance Code 
2018 (the ‘Code’) emphasise the value of good corporate 
governance for long-term sustainable success. Whilst we are 
reporting a number of areas where we have not been able  
to comply with specific Code provisions, we do not consider 
this extends to any of the Principles set out within the Code.  
Our response to the Principles which fall under the headings 
below is set out on pages 48 and 49. 

• Section 1: Board leadership and Company purpose.  

• Section 2: Division of responsibilities.  

• Section 3: Composition, succession and evaluation. 

• Section 4: Audit, risk and internal control. 

• Section 5: Remuneration. 

Compliance with the UK Corporate Governance Code 
In the 2020 reporting period, Dignity plc was subject to the  
Code issued by the Financial Reporting Council (available at 
frc.org.uk) for the first time. As a listed company, Dignity is 
required to report on how it has applied the principles of the 
Code and this is set out in the following pages. Other than as 
detailed in the paragraphs below, Dignity has complied with  
the provisions of the Code throughout the period ended 25 
December 2020. Since the period end to the date of this report, 
we have appointed a further independent Non-Executive 
Director which has improved our compliance across a number 
of Code provisions.  

As stakeholders will appreciate, 2020 was a difficult and 
challenging year for all of us. Those of us in the funeral sector 
had to react, organise and scale-up to continue to ensure that 
both our colleagues and the bereaved families we serve across 
the UK have been protected and supported during this time.  

As previously reported, I became the independent Chairman  
of the Board in September 2019 temporarily becoming 
Executive Chairman on 3 April 2020 following the departure  
of our former Chief Executive, Mike McCollum.  

There has been further reorganisation at Board level which  
has and continues to be managed for the long-term benefit  
of stakeholders. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Chairman’s introduction to governance continued 
Governance 

Board Changes 
In 2020, the following Board changes occurred: 

• March: Dean Moore appointed as an independent  

Non-Executive Director. 

• April: Clive Whiley (formerly independent Non-Executive 
Chairman) became Executive Chairman following the 
departure of our former Chief Executive, Mike McCollum. 

• Jane Ashcroft (independent Non-Executive Director)  

stepped down. 

• June: Gillian Kent (independent Non-Executive Director) was 

appointed, and David Blackwood (independent Non-Executive 
Director and Senior Independent Director) retired. 

• December: Richard Portman and Steve Whittern (both 

Executive Directors) stepped down. Andrew Judd, Director  
of Funeral Operations, was appointed to the Board as an 
Executive Director. Dean Moore was appointed Interim  
Chief Financial Officer. 

• Since year-end: Paul Humphreys, has been appointed as an 

independent Non-Executive Director. 

As a result, the Company has been unable to comply with the 
following Code Provisions during the periods noted: 

• 9. in respect of the separation of the roles of chair and  

chief executive (non-compliant from April 2020). 

• 11. in respect of the proportion of the Board, excluding the 
Chairman, who are considered to be independent. (non-
compliant from April 2020 to February 2021). 

• 12. in respect of the appointment of a Senior Independent 

Director. (non-compliant from June 2020). 

• 17, 24 and 32. in respect of the composition of the Board’s  
key committees (non-compliant from December 2020, until 
February 2021). 

The Company is also continuing to work to ensure that the 
processes adopted by the Company achieve full compliance  
in the areas of workforce engagement and assessing and 
monitoring the culture within the organisation. 

At the current time and, in addition to the Executive Chairman, 
the Board comprises two Executive and three Non-Executive 
Directors, two of whom, Gillian Kent and Paul Humphreys are 
independent. James Wilson is a Non-Executive Director but,  
as a partner in Phoenix Asset Management Partners, is not 
independent. 

The Company is in the process of searching for appropriate 
candidates for the role of Chief Executive and Chief Financial 
Officer which will enable, Clive Whiley and Dean Moore to 
relinquish their executive roles. Following these appointments, 
the Board will comprise three Executive Directors and, excluding 
the Chairman, four Non-Executive Directors, three of whom  
are independent.  

The direct and indirect consequences of changing roles during 
the year has demanded additional time commitment to Dignity 
from a number of Board members. Whilst the Executive 
Chairman, Interim Chief Financial Officer and our Independent 
Non-Executive Directors have various roles with other 
companies, we have ensured that at all times each individual 
Board member has the capacity to perform their roles on the 
Dignity Board. 

Board induction 
Following appointment, an induction programme is provided to 
new directors so that he or she becomes as effective as possible 
in their role within the shortest practicable time.  

The induction programme includes: 

• Briefings with directors, senior managers and advisers. 

• A briefing on the role of a director and the framework in which 

the Board operates. 

• Provision of Board and Committee papers and governance 
documents such as the Schedule of Matters Reserved for  
the Board. 

• Provision of corporate policies. 

• Analysts’ reports. 

Directors’ Report 
The Directors present their report for Dignity plc for the period 
ending 25 December 2020. 

Corporate Governance 
The Group is committed to high standards of corporate 
governance, details of which are given in this report and the 
separate reports from the Chairs of: 

• The Audit Committee; 

• The Nomination Committee; and 

• The Remuneration Committee. 

The various sections of this report contain summarised 
information from Dignity plc’s Articles of Association (the 
‘Articles’) and the Companies Act 2006 which is the applicable 
English law concerning companies. The relevant provisions of 
the Articles or the Companies Act should be consulted if more 
detailed information is needed. 

Workforce engagement  
We rely on our colleagues to provide our services in a caring, 
thoughtful and truly engaged way with the clients and 
communities we serve. We believe that the quality of our  
people is a strong enabler of business growth and is central  
to delivering our purpose, vision, goals and our strategy.  

The Board seeks to maintain good channels of communication 
with all its employees and in accordance with the Code, the 
Board has reviewed the mechanisms that it uses to engage  
with its workforce. For a business that prides itself on 
communicating sensitively with clients, we have to ensure the 
same care and consideration is shown towards our own people 
too. That means regular dialogue, which is accessible through  
a variety of channels, with the opportunity for colleagues to 
interact and easily share their feedback.  

Adopting a multi-channel approach has seen us develop digital 
communications solutions that sit alongside our established 
company newsletter. ‘Good to Great’ is a dedicated website 
housing, amongst many things, news, blogs and opinion polls. 

More frequent and accessible communication is complemented 
by an increase in the face-to-face support available to colleagues, 
particularly those in operational roles across funerals, 
crematoria and manufacturing. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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47

The Employee Forum provides a key opportunity for the Board 
to assess and monitor the culture of the business and we will be 
working to enhance this during the coming year. 

• driving inclusion and promoting equal opportunities for all;  

• ensuring our workforce, whether part-time, full-time or 

temporary, is treated fairly and with respect; 

We consider that the mechanisms noted above represent an 
effective mechanism for the Board to engage with the workforce, 
however due to the importance of our workforce to the business 
the Board will continue to review the situation and consider if 
incremental benefits can be obtained through the appointment 
of a designated non-executive director to lead in this area. 

Our HR department has expanded to include a team of eight 
regional and one head office Business Partners. The role is very 
much a consultative one, so the Partners provide guidance in 
areas such as recruitment, learning and development and 
improving business results.  

Across the organisation, the Board has looked carefully at people 
support. We care deeply about the wellbeing of our people and 
continue to offer access to an Employee Assistance Programme. 
This free and confidential advice service is available 24/7 and 
enables colleagues to discuss any issues that may be causing 
them concern, be they related to work, home life, or their 
physical and mental health.  

The Board resolved to and successfully established an Employee 
Forum to facilitate regular and constructive engagement 
between colleagues and senior management, including the 
Board. Hundreds applied for the opportunity to represent their 
colleagues and business area through the Forum and the 
successful candidates were chosen following a staff vote.  

The purpose of the Employee Forum is to share information on  
a broad range of topics, everything from business performance 
and operational initiatives to future strategy and vision. It also 
creates a platform for relaying colleagues’ opinions and ideas, 
helping to ensure that the business decisions we make are  
fully-informed with insight from all major stakeholders.  

Promoting an inclusive and diverse workforce  
Dignity is dedicated to building a workforce which is 
representative of the communities we serve, in all aspects  
of diversity.  

Our inclusion and diversity policies seek to demonstrate our 
commitment to providing an inclusive, equal and fair working 
environment by:  

• eliminating discrimination; and 

• ensuring that selection for employment, promotion, training, 

development, benefit and reward is based on merit and in line 
with relevant legislation. 

Board leadership, purpose, values and culture  
Our purpose is to help people at one of the most difficult times 
in their lives and to create a responsible business that focuses  
on meeting the needs of our clients and delivering long-term 
success and value for all our stakeholders.  

As a business, serving clients is at the heart of everything we do. 
Our values underpin our purpose and are recognised across the 
Group as the basis of our culture.  

The Board sets the strategy for the Group to align with our 
purpose. Our values and leadership behaviours are a vital part  
of our culture to ensure that through our conduct and decision-
making we do the right thing for the business and our 
stakeholders.  

The Board has overall responsibility for establishing the 
Company’s purpose, values and strategy to deliver the long-term 
sustainable success of the Company and generate value for all 
our stakeholders. 

Ensuring effective decision-making 
The parameters within which decisions are taken across the 
Group are ultimately directed by our core purpose, which is 
designed to drive alignment between why it exists, what it aims 
to achieve in the future, who it exists for, and how it generates 
sustainable financial and non-financial value for its key 
stakeholders. This is discussed further throughout the  
Strategic Report.  

The Board-agreed matters of purpose, vision and strategy are 
not developed in isolation and are influenced by stakeholder 
views, our sustainable business goals and our risk environment. 
In turn, it is the combination of all of these matters that set  
the context and expectations in relation to decision-making 
outcomes, attitudes and behaviours, forming the baseline for 
management accountability; and in combination with values, 
contribute to the overall cultural tone across the Group.

Purpose-led considerations

Purpose 

Vision 

Strategy 

Culture

Decision-making

Stakeholders 

CSR 

Risks 

 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Chairman’s introduction to governance continued 
Governance 

How we comply with the 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code 
Throughout the year, the Board has applied the Principles and complied with 
the majority of the Provisions of the 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code  
as set out below:

Principle                                                                                       How we apply the Principles                                                                                                                                                  Further information 

1. Board leadership and company purpose

A. The Board’s role 
A successful company is led by an effective 
and entrepreneurial Board, whose role  
is to promote the long-term sustainable 
success of the company, generating value 
for shareholders and contributing to  
wider society. 

B. Setting purpose, values  

and strategy 

The Board should establish the company’s 
purpose, values and strategy, and satisfy 
itself that these and its culture are aligned. 
All directors must act with integrity, lead by 
example and promote the desired culture.

C. Risk management 
The Board should ensure that the 
necessary resources are in place for  
the company to meet its objectives and 
measure performance against them. The 
Board should also establish a framework  
of prudent and effective controls, which 
enable risk to be assessed and managed.

The Board is collectively responsible for the long-term success of the Company, including its 
relationships and engagement with all shareholders, and operates via a formal schedule of 
matters reserved for its decision.

See the Governance structure on page  
50 for further information and details 
of the responsibilities of the Board.

The schedule of matters reserved for the Board provide that the Board is responsible for 
the overall leadership of the Group and setting its values and standards and for approving 
the Group’s strategic aims and objectives.  
In addition, the establishment of the Employee Forum is a key element in the Board’s 
oversight of culture. Our Code of Conduct also defines the behaviours we expect of our 
people and the ethical standards to which we adhere. 

See the Executive Chairman’s review for 
further information.

The Group has mature risk management and governance processes in place to identify, 
report and manage risk. The Audit Committee is provided with a twice yearly review of the 
principal risks, including emerging risks, together with updates from Internal Audit on 
matters for review.

See pages 45 to 50 for further 
information on the Governance 
structure and pages 27 to 32 for  
our Principal and Emerging risks.

D. Stakeholder engagement 
In order for the company to meet its 
responsibilities to shareholders and 
stakeholders, the Board should ensure 
effective engagement with, and encourage 
participation from, these parties.

The Board reviews and oversees relationships with the business’s key stakeholders.  
At each meeting, the Board, inter alia, receives (i) a report on the performance and 
operational issues of each business division (ii) an update from the Chairman on investor 
relations, (iii) supplier management and (iv) in 2020, an update on matters relating to the 
CMAs market investigation and the FCA’s activities in respect of pre-need regulation. The 
Board committees also address such matters as the performance development framework 
and whistleblowing. Workforce engagement is achieved as described on page 39. 

See the Governance section on pages  
45 to 50 for further details and  
workforce engagement pages 38 and 39.

E. Workforce policies 
The Board should ensure that workforce 
policies and practices are consistent with 
the company’s values and support its long-
term sustainable success. The workforce 
should be able to raise any matters  
of concern.

The Board firmly believes that good ethics and good business combine to produce the  
best results in the long-term. We take our responsibility and reputation as a good corporate 
citizen very seriously and we are committed to ethical business practices which reflect and 
enhance our core values of quality, integrity, courtesy and respect. Our Code of Conduct 
sets out our policy on the standards to be followed to promote legal, honest, ethical and 
safe business practices. There are Group policies that define our approach to managing 
health, safety, environmental and social matters affecting our employees. In addition, there 
is also an independent and anonymous whistleblowing procedure allowing any employee 
to confidentially raise any concerns.

See our website at 
www.dignityplc.co.uk.

2. Division of responsibilities

F. Chair leadership 
The Chair leads the Board and is responsible 
for its overall effectiveness in directing the 
company. They should demonstrate 
objective judgement throughout their tenure 
and promote a culture of openness and 
debate. In addition, the Chair facilitates 
constructive board relations and the 
effective contribution of all non-executive 
directors, and ensures that directors receive 
accurate, timely and clear information.

The Chairman, in conjunction with the Company Secretary, ensures that quality information 
is provided to the Board in advance of each Board meeting. The performance of the 
Chairman is monitored through the annual Board evaluation process and through separate 
meetings of the Non-Executive Directors without the Chairman present.

See our Governance section on page 
50 for further information. 
Full Code compliance impacted by 
Board roles and composition. 

See the Governance structure and how 
the Board functions on pages 53 and 54 
for further information. 
Full Code compliance impacted by 
Board roles and composition. 

G. Balance of the Board 
The Board should include an appropriate  
combination of executive and non-executive  
(and in particular, independent non-
executive) directors, such that no one 
individual or small group of individuals 
dominates the Board’s decision-making. 
There should be a clear division of 
responsibilities between the leadership  
of the Board and the executive leadership  
of the company’s business. 

The Board currently comprises the Executive Chairman and the Interim Chief Financial 
Officer (both of whom were independent on appointment), the Executive Director of 
Funeral Operations, two independent Non-Executive Directors and a Non-Executive 
Director who, as a representative of the Company’s major shareholder, is not independent.  
When a new Chief Executive is appointed, the roles of the Chairman and Chief Executive 
will, once again, be separate with distinct accountabilities as set out in their role profiles.  
The Chief Executive will be responsible for the day-to-day leadership and management  
of the business through defined delegated authority limits. The Non-Executive Directors 
provide an independent view on the running of our business, governance and boardroom 
best practice. They oversee and constructively challenge management in its 
implementation of strategy and performance of the Group. 

H. NED’s role and time 

commitment  

Non-executive directors should have 
sufficient time to meet their board 
responsibilities. They should provide 
constructive challenge, strategic guidance, 
offer specialist advice and hold 
management to account.

I. The Company Secretary 
The Board, supported by the Company 
Secretary, should ensure that it has the  
policies, processes, information, time and 
resources it needs in order to function 
effectively and efficiently. 

The annual Board evaluation process assesses the performance and effectiveness  
of Directors and their commitment to meet their board responsibilities. In addition,  
prior to taking up a Non-Executive Director position, the Board considers whether the  
Non-Executive Director has sufficient time to devote to their role with the Group and  
in light of any changes to a Non-Executive Director’s external commitments during the year. 
At the Nomination Committee meeting in December 2020, each of the Non-Executive 
Directors confirmed that they were able to devote sufficient time to their role as a Director 
of Dignity plc. This confirmation is sought annually.

All Directors have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary.  
The Company Secretary ensures that the Board receive papers of a high-quality in a 
timely manner. He advises the Board on all governance matters, including compliance 
with the Code. He works with the Chairman and Committee Chairs to ensure that the 
right matters are escalated to the Board and Committees at the appropriate time and 
that sufficient time is devoted to strategic matters. He arranges Directors’ induction and 
Board evaluation exercises and supports succession planning and recruitment of new 
Non-Executive Directors. 

 
                                                                                                          
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49

Principle                                                                                       How we apply the Principles                                                                                                                                                   Further information 

3. Composition, succession and evaluation

There are regular succession reviews at the Nomination Committee, the Operating  
Board and at business level. In 2021, a key priority is for the Nomination Committee to  
have more direct interaction with employees which can be more valuable in building 
understanding of talent issues than consideration of metrics. To achieve this a programme 
for individuals to present/contribute at meetings of the Board/Committees, where 
appropriate, is being developed.

The Nomination Committee reviews the balance, composition and structure of the Board,  
as well as the length of service of each Board member and where considered appropriate 
recommends the re-appointment of the Non-Executive Director and any extensions to  
their term.

In line with the requirement of the Code, the Board conducts an annual evaluation of the 
performance of the Board and Committees and each Director. The last evaluation was 
conducted prior to the Board changes announced in December 2020. These evaluations  
are externally facilitated annually.

See the Board appraisal on page 54 
and the Committee Reports.

J. Board appointments 
Appointments to the Board should be 
subject to a formal, rigorous and transparent 
procedure, and an effective succession plan 
should be maintained for Board and senior 
management. Both appointments and 
succession plans should be based on merit 
and objective criteria and, within this context, 
should promote diversity of gender, social 
and ethnic backgrounds, cognitive and 
personal strengths. 

K. Skills, experience and knowledge 
The Board and its committees should have  
a combination of skills, experience and 
knowledge. Consideration should be given to 
the length of service of the Board as a whole 
and membership regularly refreshed.

L. Board evaluations 
Annual evaluation of the Board should 
consider its composition, diversity and how 
effectively members work together to 
achieve objectives. Individual evaluation 
should demonstrate whether each director 
continues to contribute effectively.

4. Audit, risk and internal control

M. Financial reporting integrity 
The Board should establish formal and 
transparent policies and procedures to 
ensure the independence and effectiveness 
of internal and external audit functions and 
satisfy itself on the integrity of financial and 
narrative statements.

The Board delegates detailed oversight of the Group’s system of internal controls to the 
Audit Committee, to ensure the integrity of the Group’s full year and half year results and 
the Annual Report and Accounts. The Audit Committee ensured it complies with this 
requirement as detailed on pages 58 to 61. 
On the recommendation of the Audit Committee, the Board reviewed and approved the 
2020 half year and full year results and the 2020 Annual Report. In addition, the Board 
evaluation process confirmed that the Group’s system of internal controls had operated 
effectively during the year. 

See our Governance section on page 
55 for further information. 
See the Audit Committee report on 
pages 58 to 61. 

N. Fair, balanced and 

understandable assessment 
The Board should present a fair, balanced 
and understandable assessment of the 
company’s position and prospects.

O. Risk management and 

internal control framework 
The Board should establish procedures to 
manage risk, oversee the internal control 
framework, and determine the nature and 
extent of the principal risks the company is 
willing to take in order to achieve its long-
term strategic objectives.

5. Remuneration

P. Supporting strategy and long-
term sustainable success  
Remuneration policies and practices  
should be designed to support strategy and 
promote long-term sustainable success. 
Executive remuneration should be aligned  
to company purpose and values, and be 
clearly linked to the successful delivery  
of the company’s long-term strategy.

Q. Remuneration Policy 
A formal and transparent procedure for 
developing policy on Executive remuneration 
and determining director and senior 
management remuneration should be 
established. No director should be involved 
in deciding their own remuneration 
outcome.

R. Independence of remuneration  

outcome decisions 

Directors should exercise independent 
judgement and discretion when authorising 
remuneration outcomes, taking account of 
company and individual performance, and 
wider circumstances.

As described in the Audit Committee Report on page 59, the Audit Committee reviewed  
the 2020 Annual Report and Accounts in March 2021 and was satisfied that it presents  
a fair, balanced and understandable assessment of the Group’s position and prospects.  
The Audit Committee reported its findings to the Board.

Please see the Financial review  
section on pages 22 to 26 for further 
information.

The Audit Committee monitors the Group’s risk management and internal control  
systems on behalf of the Board. The Committee reviews the Group’s principal risks and 
recommends any changes to risk appetite to the Board. The Group Risk Register is 
reviewed twice yearly by the Audit Committee.

Please see the section on Principal risks 
and uncertainties on pages 27 to 32.

The Remuneration Committee reviews and proposes the Group’s remuneration policy to 
the Board for approval and the Directors’ remuneration report is put to an advisory vote  
at the AGM, in line with statutory requirements. In accordance with section 439A of the 
Companies Act 2006, a new three year Remuneration Policy will be put to a binding vote  
at the 2022 AGM.

Please see the Remuneration 
Committee report on pages 63 to 80.

In accordance with its terms of reference, the Remuneration Committee reviewed the 
current Remuneration Policy (2019 to 2021) and confirmed that it remains fit for purpose.  
A new three year Remuneration Policy will be put to a binding vote at the 2022 AGM.  
The remuneration of Non-Executive Directors is a matter for the Board. No Director, 
committee attendee, Executive, senior manager or other person can be involved in any 
discussion or decision as to their own remuneration. 

The Remuneration Policy can be  
found on pages 65 to 68 within the 
Remuneration report. The terms  
of reference for the Remuneration 
Committee can be found on our 
website at www.dignityplc.co.uk.

The Committee takes advice from an external consultant and ensures that remuneration  
for Board and senior management is suitably structured so as to attract, retain and motivate 
Executives, and to link reward to corporate and individual performance and all relevant 
internal and external factors.

 
                                                                                                          
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Governance structure 
Governance 

The Board provides strategic leadership to the  
Group within a framework of sound corporate 
governance and internal control.  

The Dignity plc Board 
(Chairman, Executive Directors and Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Board Level Committees

Audit Committee 
(Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Remuneration Committee 
(Independent Non–Executive Directors)

Nomination Committee 
(Chairman and Independent Non–Executive Directors)

The Operating Board

The Board 
The Board is responsible for the long-term success of the  
Group which includes: 

• Overall management of the Group; 
• Setting and reviewing the strategy of the Group; 
• Approval of major capital expenditure and acquisition projects, and 

consideration of significant financial matters; 
• Monitoring the exposure to key business risks; 
• Approval of major financing and capital structure changes  

to the Group; 

• Setting annual budgets and reviewing progress towards 

achievement of these budgets; and 

• Proposing dividend payments to shareholders.

The Chairman 
The Chairman is responsible for: 
• The leadership of the Board; 
• Ensuring the Board functions effectively in all aspects of its role; 
• Facilitating the effective contribution of the Non-Executive Directors 
and ensuring a constructive working relationship between Executive 
and Non-Executive Directors; 

• Making sure all Directors receive accurate, timely and clear information; 
• Setting the agenda so all strategic and other important issues are 
discussed, ensuring sufficient time is devoted to discussing such 
issues; and 

• Making sure there is effective communication with stakeholders and 

acting as the public face of the Group. 

Non-Executive Directors 
The Non-Executive Directors scrutinise, measure and review the 
performance of management; constructively challenge and assist in 
the development of strategy; review the Group’s financial information 
and monitor the effectiveness of internal risk management systems. 

The role of the Executive Chairman in 2020 
Following the departure in April 2020 of our former Chief Executive, 
Mike McCollum, Clive Whiley took on temporarily, the role of 
Executive Chairman. In this role, Clive has the responsibilities of both 
Chairman and Chief Executive. The Company is searching for a new 
Chief Executive and, on appointment, Clive will return to the position 
of independent Non-Executive Chairman.

Committees of the Board 
There are three standing committees of the Board: the Audit 
Committee; the Remuneration Committee and the Nomination 
Committee. The Terms of Reference of these Committees are set  
by the Board and are available on the Dignity plc corporate website. 
Membership is reserved for the independent Non-Executive Directors 
save for the Nomination Committee which is chaired by the Chairman. 
The Board Committee Reports are on pages 58 to 80. 

The Chief Executive and Executive Directors 
The Chief Executive and Executive Directors together with the 
Operating Board are responsible for: 
• Operational management and control of the Group on a day-to-day 
basis. Local operational decisions are the responsibility of the local 
managers, who are accountable to the Chief Executive and the 
Executive Directors; 

• Formulating and proposing strategy to the Board; and 
• Implementing the strategy and policies adopted by the Board. 

Commentary on the Board in 2020 
As detailed on page 6 the structure of the Board is currently going 
through a period of change. As a result, the Company has not been 
compliant throughout the year with the following Code Provisions:  
• 9. The roles of chair and chief executive should not be exercised  

by the same individual. 

• 11. Which requires at least half of the Board excluding the chair,  

to be directors considered by the board to be independent.  

• 12. The board should appoint one of the independent directors  

to be the senior independent director.  

• 17. The Nomination Committee should comprise a majority  

of independent non-executive directors. 

• 24. The Audit Committee should comprise independent non-

executive directors. 

• 32. The Remuneration Committee should comprise independent 

non-executive directors. 

The objective is to return to compliance with the relevant 
requirements of the current UK Corporate Governance Code.  
At the current time and, in addition to the Executive Chairman, the 
Board comprises two Executive and three Non-Executive Directors, 
two of whom, Gillian Kent and Paul Humphreys are independent. 
James Wilson is a Non-Executive Director but, as a partner in  
Phoenix Asset Management Partners, is not independent. 

The Operating Board 
The Operating Board currently consists of the following Executive 
Directors and Senior Managers: 

• Executive Chairman: Clive Whiley; 
• Executive Director of Funeral Operations: Andrew Judd; 
• Interim Chief Financial Officer: Dean Moore; 
• Crematoria Director: Steve Gant; 
• Marketing Director: Mark Hull; 
• Business Development Director: Alan Lathbury; and 
• Director of Pre Arrangement: Paul Toghill. 

The Operating Board is responsible for determining and setting the 
detailed day-to-day tasks required to implement the strategy set by 
the Board. 

 
 
 
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51

Board of Directors 

The Board is collectively responsible for the  
success of the Group.

Our Board members provide a strong 
and complementary mix of skills and 
experience. Together they are 
committed to building the long-term 
success of the Group. 

Clive Whiley 
Executive Chairman

Board composition, balance  
and tenure 
The Board comprises five Directors and the 
Executive Chairman. There are currently two 
independent Non-Executive Directors and 
two Executive Directors. James Wilson is a 
Non-Executive Director but, as a partner in 
Phoenix Asset Management Partners, is not 
independent. 

Executive and  
Non-Executive 
Directors

Non-Executive 
Tenure

3

3

1

3

Executive Directors: 3

0 – 3 years: 3

Non-Executive Directors: 3 
Executive Chairman: 1 

Key to Committee membership

A

N

R

Audit Committee

Nomination Committee

Remuneration Committee

Green background denotes 
Committee Chair.

Links

See Audit Committee report:  
p.58 to p.61 

See Nomination Committee report:  
p.62 

See Report on Directors’ remuneration:  
p.63 to p.80

Clive Whiley 
Executive Chairman 
Appointed to the Board: 2019 

N

Gillian Kent 
Independent Non-Executive Director 
Appointed to the Board: 2020 

A N R

Background and experience: 
Clive has over thirty five years’ experience in 
regulated strategic management positions since 
becoming a Member of the London Stock 
Exchange. He has extensive main board 
executive director experience across a broad 
range of financial services, engineering, 
manufacturing, distribution, retail and leisure 
businesses encompassing the UK, Europe, 
North America, Australasia, the Middle East and 
China. He is Chairman of Mothercare plc, China 
Venture Capital Management Limited, First 
China Venture Capital Limited and Y-LEE Limited. 

Dean Moore 
Interim Chief Financial Officer 
Appointed to the Board: 2020 

A N R

Background and experience: 
Dean is a chartered accountant with extensive 
public company experience having previously 
been Chief Financial Officer at Cineworld plc,  
N Brown Group plc, T&S Stores plc and  
Graham Group plc and formerly non-executive 
Chairman of Tuxedo Money Solutions Limited. 
He is currently an independent non-executive 
director and Chairman of the Audit Committee 
at Cineworld plc and Audit Committee 
Chairman and Senior Independent Director  
of Volex plc. 
Dean, who was an independent Non-Executive 
Director before stepping into the role of Interim 
Chief Financial Officer, remains a member of 
the three Board Committees, as the fees he 
receives, whilst increased, remain fixed and he 
does not participate in any incentive plans. 

Andrew Judd 
Executive Director of Funeral Operations 
Appointed to the Board: 2020 

Background and experience: 
Andrew joined what is now Dignity in 1996.  
He is responsible for all aspects of the Group’s 
day-to-day provision of funeral services through 
a national network of employees, funeral 
locations and associated facilities.  
Andrew has progressed through a variety of 
roles within both the Co-operative Group and 
independent sectors. He holds a degree from 
Wolverhampton University in Economics and 
Business and holds additional professional 
qualifications in both Funeral Service 
Management and Funeral Directing. He has held 
office in the British Institute of Funeral Directors 
and various positions within the National 
Association of Funeral Directors most recently 
Past President of the Western Counties Area 
Federation and Committee for Professional 
Standards. In 2018 Andrew was the driving force 
behind the establishment of the Funeral Service 
Consumer Standards Review (FSCSR) creating 
for the first time in the sector an independently-
chaired project that brings together the skills 
and knowledge of industry experts and key 
stakeholders with a view to improving quality, 
standards and outcomes for funeral service 
consumers.

Background and experience: 
Gillian has had a broad executive career 
including being Chief Executive of real estate 
portal, Propertyfinder, until its acquisition by 
Zoopla, and 15 years with Microsoft including 
three years as Managing Director of MSN UK.  
Gillian holds non-executive director roles at 
Mothercare plc where she is Chair of the 
Remuneration Committee, SIG plc, NAHL  
Group plc, Ascential Plc, and at three private 
companies, Howsy Limited (formerly No Agent 
Technologies Limited), Theo Topco Limited 
(which trades as Key Group) and Portswigger 
Limited. Formerly she was a non-executive 
director at Pendragon Plc and Coull Limited. 
Gillian is Chair of the Remuneration Committee 
and also serves on the Audit and Nomination 
Committees. 

James Wilson 
Non-Executive Director 
Appointed to the Board: 2019 

N

Background and experience: 
James joined the Board as a Non-Executive 
Director on 1 May 2019. James is a partner at 
Phoenix Asset Management Partners Limited 
and manages The Huginn Fund.  
James joined Phoenix in 2013. Prior to this, 
James spent three years at Aviva Investors in  
the Pan-European equity team. James holds  
a masters degree in Civil Engineering from  
the University of Durham and is a Chartered 
Financial Analyst.  

Paul Humphreys 
Independent Non-Executive Director 
Appointed to the Board: 2021 

A N R

Background and experience: 
Paul is Chair of the Audit Committee and a 
member of the Remuneration and Nomination 
Committees. 
He has had a broad executive career spanning 
both quoted and unquoted companies, 
including having been Group Finance Director  
of Care UK for more than 12 years, including 
eight years whilst listed on the International 
Stock Exchange.  
Paul currently holds advisory roles at a small 
number of unlisted companies. 

Tim George 
Company Secretary 

Tim was appointed Company Secretary in 
December 2018 and is a Fellow of the Institute 
of Chartered Secretaries & Administrators.

The Board records its thanks to Mike 
McCollum, Jane Ashcroft, David Blackwood, 
Richard Portman and Steve Whittern all of 
whom stood down from the Board in 2020. 
Each made an outstanding contribution  
to the Dignity Group collectively over a 
substantial number of years. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Operating Board 
Governance 

The Operating Board consists of the Executive  
Directors and Senior Managers. 

The role of the Operating Board  

The Operating Board is responsible 
for determining and setting the 
detailed day-to-day tasks required 
to implement the strategy set by 
the Board. 

The Senior Leadership Team  

The Senior Leadership Team are the Senior 
Managers across all areas of the business. 
They are responsible for the day-to-day 
running of the business and report to the 
Operating Board.

The depth of experience, knowledge 
and complementary skills in our 
Operating Board and Senior 
Leadership Team, strengthens our 
ability to deliver on our strategic 
objectives and vision. 

Clive Whiley 
Executive Chairman 

Clive Whiley 
Executive Chairman 

Full biography on page 51 

Andrew Judd 
Executive Director of Funeral 
Operations 
Full biography on page 51 

Dean Moore 
Interim Chief Financial Officer 

Full biography on page 51

Steve Gant 
Crematoria Director 

Mark Hull 
Marketing Director 

Steve joined what is now Dignity in 1988. His key 
area of responsibility is The Crematorium and 
Memorial Group. He began his career in the 
crematoria industry in 1983 and assumed 
management of the Crematoria division in 2003. 
Steve currently sits on the Executive for the 
Federation of Burial and Cremation Authorities 
and is part of the National Cremation Working 
Group for the Ministry of Justice, and the 
Scottish Government Working Group consulting 
on the revision and update of the Cremation 
Acts.  He holds a Post Graduate Executive 
Diploma in Strategic Leadership from the 
Warwick Business School. 

Mark joined Dignity in 2013 as Head of 
Marketing for funeral plans and has since 
progressed and established the marketing 
function for the Group, which he now leads.  
Responsibilities cover Brand, Promotion,  
Digital Marketing and Experience, Proposition 
and Communications. 
Mark is a Chartered Marketer and Member  
of the Chartered Institute of Marketing and is 
also a Chartered Manager and Fellow of the 
Chartered Management Institute. He holds  
a Marketing degree from the University of 
Hertfordshire, a postgraduate diploma in 
Marketing from London Guildhall and an  
MBA from Cranfield University. 

Alan Lathbury 
Business Development Director 

Alan joined what is now Dignity in 1999.   
He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of 
Management Accountants and holds an MBA  
in Business and Finance. His principle areas  
of responsibility are Business Development  
of Crematoria, through acquisition of existing 
crematoria, building of new greenfield location 
crematoria and through partnerships with local 
authorities to manage existing bereavement 
services. Currently Alan is managing the 
Company’s response to the Competition  
and Market Authority’s investigation into  
the funeral industry. 

Paul Toghill 
Director of Pre Arrangement 

Paul joined Dignity in 2006. His key area of 
responsibility is the running of Dignity Pre 
Arrangement, which includes Proposition, 
Distribution, Marketing and Operations. 
Paul has worked in the life insurance and pre-
arranged funeral plan markets for over 25 years, 
with a particular focus on funeral propositions, 
distribution and the strategic development of 
affinity partnerships including within FCA 
regulated markets. 
Paul is a Member of the Institute of Direct and 
Digital Marketing, and holds the Diploma in 
Interactive and Direct Marketing.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Directors’ statement on corporate governance 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

53

How the Board Functions 
The Group is controlled through the Board of Directors that meets regularly throughout the year. The structure of the Board, 
together with explanations of responsibilities, is shown on page 50. Informal meetings are held between individual Directors  
as required. 

The day-to-day management of the Group is delegated to the Executive Directors and the wider Operating Board (see page 52) 
supported by an experienced and generally long serving senior and middle management team, the size and structure of which  
is commensurate with the complexity of the Group’s activities. Managers have the necessary skills and knowledge relevant to 
their areas of responsibility. The remainder of the responsibilities rest with the Board however, certain capital expenditures and 
acquisition projects are delegated under a formally adopted Schedule of Matters Reserved for the Board and Expenditure 
Authorisation Policy. 

All Directors are provided with the necessary papers in advance of the meetings to permit them to make informed decisions  
at those meetings. The Board also considers employee issues and key management appointments, including the role of 
Company Secretary. 

The Board now comprises five Directors and the Executive Chairman. During the period the total number of directors who 
served was ten. Mike McCollum, former Chief Executive, retired from the Board on 3 April 2020 as did Jane Ashcroft, former 
independent Non-Executive Director. David Blackwood, former Senior Independent Director retired from the Board on 11 June 
2020 and Gillian Kent was appointed as an independent Non-Executive Director and Chair of the Remuneration Committee on 
the same date. Richard Portman and Steve Whittern stood down from the Board on 14 December 2020. Subsequent to the 
period end, on 23 February 2021 Paul Humphreys was appointed to the Board as an independent Non-Executive Director. 

There are currently two independent Non-Executive Directors, a Non-Executive Director who is not independent, and three 
Executive Directors, including the Executive Chairman.  

The Board considers that three Executive Directors, supported by the wider Operating Board, details of which are on page 52,  
are sufficient to manage a Group of this size, complexity and organisational structure. 

Biographical details for the serving Non-Executive Directors appear on page 51. Their role is to challenge constructively the 
management of the Group and to assist in the development of strategy. The Non-Executive Directors are chosen for their 
diversity of skills and experience. Each Non-Executive Director is appointed for a fixed term of up to two years, subject to annual 
re-election by shareholders. This term may then be renewed by mutual consent up to a maximum of nine years in accordance 
with the Code. Appointments beyond six years are also subject to rigorous review prior to approval. The Non-Executive letters  
of appointment are available, upon request, from the Company Secretary. 

The Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors are required to, and have, confirmed formally to the Board that, mindful of their 
other commitments they have, and will have, sufficient time to devote to their responsibilities as Directors of the Company. 

Gillian Kent and Paul Humphreys are independent of management as defined by the Code.  

Clive Whiley was appointed Executive Chairman of the Company when Mike McCollum stood down from the Board on 3 April 
2020 and Dean Moore became Interim Chief Financial Officer on 14 December 2020 following Steve Whittern’s departure. These 
interim positions mean that Clive Whiley and Dean Moore do not currently qualify as independent as defined in the July 2018 UK 
Corporate Governance Code.  

All Directors are able to take independent professional advice on the furtherance of their duties as necessary at the Group’s 
expense. They also have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary and, where it is considered appropriate  
and necessary, training is made available to Directors. All Directors receive annual training and updates on the duties and 
responsibilities of being a Director of a listed company. This covers legal, accounting, security and tax matters as required or  
as requested by any Director. In addition, any newly appointed Director receives appropriate induction training. 

The Company maintains appropriate insurance cover in respect of any legal action against its Directors. The level of cover is 
currently £90 million. 

The Directors have, during the period, formally reminded themselves of their duties as Directors under the Companies Act 2006 
(Section 171-177). These duties include the need to avoid conflicts of interest (Section 175). No such conflicts of interest exist. 

In accordance with the Code, all Directors will submit themselves for election or re-election as appropriate at the 2021 Annual 
General Meeting. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Directors’ statement on corporate governance continued 
Governance 

Board Appraisal 
In accordance with the requirements of the Code, a formal evaluation of the Board, its Committees, the Chair and individual 
directors was undertaken in 2020. The evaluation was undertaken prior to Richard Portman and Steve Whittern standing down. 
The evaluation was conducted by Lintstock a corporate advisory firm, entirely independent of the Group. This evaluation is 
undertaken annually by Lintstock and will continue annually. This meets the requirements of the Code. 

The evaluation was managed by way of the issue of detailed online questionnaires to all Directors. This was followed by  
a detailed review by Lintstock and the Board of the responses and the identification of any actions arising. 

Specific matters reviewed by the Board were: 

• Response of the organisation to COVID-19; 

• Board composition; 

• Stakeholder oversight; 

• Strategic oversight; 

• Board dynamics; 

• Board support; 

• Focus of meetings; 

• Risk Management and internal control; 

• Succession planning and human resource management; and 

• Priorities for change. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

The Non-Executive Directors are responsible for the performance evaluation of the Chairman taking into account the views of 
the other Executive Directors. The Board was satisfied that its performance and that of its Chairman, individual Directors and 
Committees was of the appropriate standard. 

Board and Board Committee Attendance 
Those attending and the frequency of Board and Committee meetings held during the period was as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Audit             Remuneration               Nomination 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Main Board(i)                    Committee                Committee(ii)                Committee 

Number of meetings                                                                                                                   9                         3                        4                     4 
Jane Ashcroft                                                                                                                                    2                         1                        2                     – 
David Blackwood                                                                                                                            4                         1                        2                     3 
Mike McCollum                                                                                                                               2                         1(iii)                      2(iii)                   1(iii) 
Richard Portman                                                                                                                             8                         2(iii)                      –                     1(iii) 
Clive Whiley                                                                                                                                      9                         3(iii)                      5(iii)                   4 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                                                 8                         2(iii)                      –                     1(iii) 
James Wilson                                                                                                                                   8                         2(iii)                      1(iii)                   4 
Dean Moore                                                                                                                                     7(iv)                      3                        4                     3 
Gillian Kent                                                                                                                                       4(iv)                      2                        3                     1 
Andrew Judd(iv)                                                                                                                                 –                         –                        –                     – 

(i)     Only scheduled Board meetings, of which there were nine in the period, have been included in the attendance analysis. A further seven meetings were held to consider 

announcements, documents or the issue of shares pursuant to share awards. 

(ii)    The scheduled meetings of the remuneration committee of which there were three in the period, have been included in the attendance analysis. A further meeting was held 

in the period to discuss, amongst other matters, LTIP vesting and awards. 

(iii)   In attendance by invitation of the respective Committee.  
(iv)   Dean Moore was appointed to the Board on 11 March 2020, Gillian Kent on 11 June 2020 and Andrew Judd on 14 December 2020. 

The Board had nine full Board meetings spread broadly equally across the year. The Board considers that nine is the appropriate 
number required to exercise effective governance and control although this is kept under review. Further meetings are arranged 
as required. 

If Directors are unable to attend a meeting, they are advised of the matters to be discussed and given an opportunity to make 
their views known to the Chairman prior to the meeting. Such views will be included in the minutes of the meeting if necessary. 

The Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors met during 2020 without the Executive Directors present. The Non-Executive 
Directors also met during 2020 without the Chairman present. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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55

The Company Secretary 
The Company Secretary, Tim George, is responsible for overseeing the preparation and distribution of all agendas, minutes  
and related Board and Committee papers. He attends the Board meetings in his capacity as Company Secretary and provides 
corporate governance advice if required. 

The appointment and removal of the Company Secretary is a matter for the Board as a whole.  

Internal Control and Risk Management 
The Board has responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and risk management, which is designed to manage 
rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, 
assurance against material misstatement or loss. A formal and ongoing process of identifying, evaluating and managing the 
significant risks faced by the Group was in place throughout the period and in place up to the date the Corporate Governance 
Report was signed and approved for the Annual Report and Accounts 2020.  

The Executive Directors and the wider management group are responsible for designing, implementing, maintaining and 
evaluating the necessary systems of internal controls. Such controls are reviewed on an ongoing basis and formally reviewed  
on an annual basis in accordance with the requirements of the Code. This annual review confirmed that the Group’s risk 
management and internal control systems were appropriate and suitable for a Group of this size and complexity.  

Internal Audit completes a programme of work each year that provides assurance that the internal controls have been 
operated as designed and also proposes improvements where appropriate and necessary. Coupled with this, the formal six-
monthly review of the Risk Register provides a further mechanism for considering and reviewing internal controls. All such work 
is reported to and monitored by the Audit Committee which recommends approval to the full Board. Please also see the Audit 
Committee Report on pages 58 to 61. 

The Audit Committee on behalf of the Board, as part of an ongoing process, formally reviews and continues to keep under 
review the effectiveness of the Group’s systems of internal control, including financial, operational and compliance controls and 
risk management systems. The Audit Committee also formally reviews risk management annually and receives reports from 
management and Internal Audit regarding any weaknesses in internal control, any losses arising out of weaknesses in internal 
control and progress in implementing revised procedures to improve and enhance internal control. It also identifies the 
significant controls upon which reliance will be placed. Any significant control weaknesses would be reported to the full Board 
at the next meeting. There have been no reports of weaknesses that have resulted or would have resulted in a material 
misstatement or loss in the period, nor in the period up to the date this Annual Report was published. 

The key procedures, which operated throughout the period, are as follows: 

• Financial Reporting – The Group has a comprehensive system of internal budgeting and forecasting. The Group’s monthly 
actual results analysed by operating division are reported to the Board and significant variances to budget are investigated 
with revised forecasts prepared as necessary; 

• Financial Controls – The Executive Directors have defined appropriate and necessary financial controls and procedures to be 

employed by operational management. Key controls over major business risks include reviews against budgets and forecasts, 
review against key performance indicators and exception reporting; 

• Quality and Integrity of Personnel – One of the Group’s core values is integrity. This is regarded as vital to the maintenance of 
the Group’s system of internal financial control. The Directors have put in place an organisation structure appropriate to the 
size and complexity of the Group with defined lines of responsibility and delegation of authority where the Board considers  
it necessary and appropriate. There is also a Code of Conduct applicable to all employees of the Group as well as specific 
policies such as Anti Bribery and Corruption, Slavery and Human Trafficking, Anti-Tax Evasion and Anti-Money Laundering; 

• Internal Audit – The Group has a dedicated Internal Audit team, which reports to the Interim Chief Financial Officer, Executive 

Chairman and the Audit Committee. The latter reviews and approves the annual work plan of the Internal Audit function 
which tests the design and operating effectiveness of key controls across the business. Any significant weaknesses are 
reported to management and the Audit Committee on a timely basis. It also coordinates the completion of self-assessment 
reports by operational management that assists in highlighting areas of control weakness or exposure. Internal audit reviews 
are completed on such areas together with selected areas of the head office function and any area where an Executive 
Director requests a review; 

  During 2020 (as in previous years), there were quarterly meetings between the Head of Internal Audit and the Executive 
Directors to formally review and discuss Internal Audit’s work programme and findings. In addition, regular meetings between 
the Head of Internal Audit and the external auditors, Ernst & Young LLP (‘EY’), were held during the year to discuss and plan 
audit work and to ensure a complementary approach. The Head of Internal Audit formally reports to the Audit Committee at 
every meeting and also held private meetings with the Chair of the Audit Committee during 2020 and the Audit Committee 
members in December 2020; 

• Procedures – The Group has established and documented processes and procedures covering most parts of its operations, 
both client facing and in support departments. These provide clear guidance on the correct or most appropriate course of 
action in various circumstances. Procedures are supplemented by training where needs have been identified. Both Internal 
Audit and the comprehensive management structure monitor the adherence to such processes and procedures; and  

 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Directors’ statement on corporate governance continued 
Governance 

• Risk assessment – The Executive Directors and the Operating Board have responsibility for the identification and evaluation  

of significant risks that might arise in their areas of responsibility, together with the design of suitable internal controls. This was 
in place throughout the accounting period and at the date of approval of the Annual Report. They also regularly assess the risks 
facing the Group. A Risk Register is maintained which is presented to and reviewed by the Audit Committee twice a year and 
then formally adopted by the Board of Dignity plc. Risks and any changes to those risks are discussed at every Board meeting. 
The principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group, which are documented in the Risk Register, are discussed on pages 27 to 
32 of the Annual Report. These risks have also been formally considered when the Directors prepared their Viability Statement 
on page 33 of this Annual Report in accordance with provision 31 of the Code. 

These procedures are designed to, amongst other things, help to provide assurance regarding the process of preparing 
consolidated financial statements and the financial reporting system. 

An explanation of how the Group aims to create and preserve value and the strategy for delivering its objectives is included in 
the Operating Review on pages 18 to 21. 

Relationship with Shareholders 
The Group recognises the importance of good communication with shareholders. 

Regular contact with institutional investors, fund managers and analysts is undertaken by the Executive Chairman and the 
Interim Chief Financial Officer to discuss information made public by the Group. The Board receives reports of these meetings 
and any significant issues raised are discussed by the Board. The Non-Executive Directors are also available to meet separately 
with shareholders if necessary, to discuss any issues that they may have. The Executive Chairman is also available to discuss 
governance and strategy matters with the major shareholders. The Company Secretary deals with queries or enquiries from 
private shareholders. The Board is interested in the views and concerns of all shareholders whether private, institutional  
or corporate. 

The AGM provides an opportunity to meet the Board and the Operating Board. All shareholders are free to attend and put 
questions to any Director and the Chair of each of the Board Committees at the AGM on 23 June 2021. At least 20 days’ notice 
will be given ahead of that meeting. Questions asked in person at the AGM will receive a verbal response whenever possible, 
otherwise a written response will be provided as soon as practicable after the AGM. Questions raised at any other time will 
normally receive a written response. Shareholders attending the AGM will also have the opportunity to meet informally with  
all the Directors and the Operating Board after the meeting has concluded subject to social distancing measures. 

On 11 June 2020, the Company announced that at the Annual General Meeting held earlier that day more than 20 per cent of 
the votes cast on Resolution 15 (“To authorise the Board to make political donations or incur political expenditure”) were against 
the resolution. 

As stated in the AGM Notice and in common with many companies, it is not the Company's policy to make donations to political 
parties, or to make other political donations within the normal meaning of that expression, and the Directors have no intention 
of changing that policy. The purpose of Resolution 11 was to avoid the inadvertent infringement of provisions within the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Following discussions with one of our major shareholders which has a general policy not to support this resolution, we believe 
this shareholder now has a better understanding of the purpose behind the resolution. 

The Directors consider that this Annual Report and Accounts, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and 
provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s performance, business model, risks and strategy.  
In order to assess whether the Annual Report and Accounts were fair, balanced and understandable, the Board received an early 
draft to enable time for review and comment. The Audit Committee then met to consider the criteria for a fair, balanced and 
understandable Annual Report and to review the process underpinning the compilation and assurance of the report, in relation 
to financial and non-financial management information. At that meeting they considered the Annual Report and Accounts as a 
whole and discussed the tone, balance and language of the document, being mindful of the UK reporting requirements and 
consistency between narrative sections and the financial statements. As part of this process the Board considered the Group’s 
reporting governance framework and the views of the external auditor as reported to the Audit Committee. Pages 58 to 61 
provide an assessment of the Group’s affairs. 

The Annual Report and Accounts is made available to all shareholders at least 20 working days before the AGM. Registered 
shareholders receive a Notice of Meeting and Form of Proxy, the latter document allowing a shareholder to vote in favour, or 
against or indicate a vote withheld on each separate resolution tabled at the AGM. Particulars of aggregate proxies lodged are 
also announced to the London Stock Exchange (‘LSE’) and placed on the Group’s investor website, www.dignityplc.co.uk, as  
soon as practicable after the conclusion of the AGM. 

The Interim Report is no longer published as a paper document but is available on the Group’s investor website upon which 
users can also access the latest financial and corporate news. All information reported to the market via regulatory information 
services also appears as soon as practicable on that website.  

The Group is happy to arrange visits to its funeral locations and crematoria, if requested by a shareholder, at a time suitable  
to all parties. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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57

Our approach to diversity 
The Board is committed to and takes responsibility for equality and diversity throughout the Dignity Group. 

It is the policy of the Company that there shall be no discrimination or less favourable treatment of employees or job applicants 
in respect of age, race, religion or belief, gender, sex, sexual orientation, pregnancy, disability or marital status. The Company  
is fully committed to ensuring there is no unfair and unlawful discrimination in relation to employees, job applicants, clients, 
suppliers and members of the public. It is Company policy to engage, promote and train employees on the basis of their 
capabilities, qualifications and experience, without discrimination, and all employees will receive equal opportunity to progress 
within the Company.  

In order to put this policy into practice in the day-to-day management and operations of the Company, we:  

• Monitor decisions on recruitment, selection, training and promotion to ensure they are based solely on objective and job-

related criteria;  

• Provide training for managers to ensure that they understand the nature of discrimination and are fully aware of their 

responsibilities in implementing our Equality and Diversity policy;  

• Provide awareness for employees to ensure that they have a greater understanding of equality and diversity in the workplace;  

• Provide information and advice on the implications of the relevant legislation and on assistance available to help in the 

employment of people with disabilities;  

• Ensure that all policies are applied thoroughly and fairly particularly those relating to any complaint involving discrimination  

or harassment;  

• Communicate this policy to employees, suppliers and third parties, where applicable, through induction, training and 

communications; and 

• Encourage our suppliers and third parties to adopt policies and working practices, which reflect our own views and values on 

equality and diversity and that of our clients. 

All employees are also responsible for the promotion and advancement of this policy and the Group supports its implementation 
and communication through its Equality and Diversity Programme which covers a number of matters including induction, 
learning and development. 

For further details on Employee diversity, see page 39 of the Corporate and social responsibility report. 

Substantial shareholdings  
The Group has been formally notified (In accordance with Chapter 5 of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules) of the following 
interests of three per cent or more in the issued share capital of the Company: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         As at 5 March 2021                                       As at 25 December 2020 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Number of                   Percentage                   Number of                   Percentage 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Ordinary                        of issued                       Ordinary                        of issued 
   Holder                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Shares                 share capital                           Shares                share capital 

  Phoenix Asset Management Partners Limited                                                     14,718,468                 29.42      14,718,468                29.42 
  Granular Capital Limited                                                                                               5,022,587                 10.04        5,022,587                10.24 
  Artemis Investment Management LLP                                                                      4,955,451                   9.91        4,955,451                   9.91 
  John Stewart Jakes                                                                                                          3,669,612                   7.34        3,669,612                   7.34 
  Indian Creek B.V.                                                                                                             2,508,194                   5.01        2,508,194                   5.01 
  Klarus Capital Limited                                                                                                    2,497,569                   4.99        2,497,569                   4.99 
  Prudential plc group of companies                                                                            2,469,210                   4.94        2,469,210                   4.94 
  Pictet Asset Management Limited                                                                              2,394,069                   4.79        2,394,069                   4.79 
  Standard Life Aberdeen plc                                                                                          1,841,495                   3.68        1,841,495                   3.68 

It should be noted that these holdings may have changed since the Company was notified. 

By order of the Board 

Tim George  
Company Secretary 

17 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Audit Committee report 
Governance 

The Audit Committee continues to monitor the  
integrity of financial statements, the effectiveness  
of risk management and internal controls and the  
implementation of new accounting standards. 

Dear Shareholder, 
On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present my first report  
as the Chair of the Audit Committee (the ‘Committee’) since  
my appointment to the Board and this Committee on  
23 February 2021. 

I am a chartered accountant with extensive public company 
experience having been Group Finance Director of Care UK for 
more than 12 years and having spent almost ten years as Group 
Finance Director at McLeod Russel Holdings Plc. I also have a first 
class degree in Economics and Accounting from the University  
of Leeds. 

In order properly to brief myself following my appointment,  
I held a number of calls with the Interim Chief Financial Officer, 
the Group Financial Controller, key members of the Operating 
Board and other senior management as well as with senior audit 
personnel from EY. In addition, I have read previous financial 
reports and Audit Committee documents and discussed any 
issues arising from these in the calls referred to above. I then 
chaired the Audit Committee meeting on 5 March 2021 to 
consider all relevant matters as described herein. 

Membership and Process 
The following Directors served on the Audit Committee during 
2020: Dean Moore, Gillian Kent, David Blackwood and Jane 
Ashcroft. Gillian is an independent Non-Executive Director, as 
Dean was until his appointment as Interim Chief Financial Officer 
on 14 December 2020. Gillian was appointed to the Committee 
on 11 June 2020. Jane and David were independent Non-
Executive Directors but stood down as Directors on 3 April and 
11 June 2020 respectively. 

The Board is satisfied that, as Chair of the Committee, I have 
recent and relevant financial experience together with competence 
in accounting and auditing that can be appropriately and 
successfully applied at Dignity. In addition, the Committee is 
satisfied that it has a broad range of experience across a number 
of sectors that are relevant to Dignity. The Company Secretary 
acts as Secretary to the Committee. I report the Committee’s 
deliberations at the next Board meeting and the minutes of  
each meeting are made available to all members of the Board. 

The Committee met three times during 2020; in March prior to 
the release of the 2019 Preliminary Announcement; in July prior 
to the release of the 2020 Interim Announcement in August and 
again in December 2020 immediately prior to the end of the 
financial period. The attendance records of the members are 
shown on page 54. All Committee members were present at all 
meetings. The external auditors, EY, the Executive Chairman, the 
former Chief Executive, the former Finance Director, the former 
Corporate Services Director, the Head of Internal Audit, the 
Financial Controller and James Wilson, Non-Executive Director, 
have all attended meetings by invitation. 

The Committee holds a private session with the audit team from 
our external auditors, EY, without management present at least 
once a year. In addition, as Chair of the Audit Committee, Dean 
had a discussion with the Lead Partner on two occasions plus 
additional interactions in the year which provide the opportunity 
for open communication and the free flow of any concerns 
relating both to the openness, transparency and general 
engagement of management with the audit process as well as  
to understand EY’s assessment of key judgements as they arise.  

Member                                  Since        Experience 

David Blackwood                2015       Previously CFO of Synthomer plc, 
(retired 11 June 2020)                         Chartered Accountant and Fellow   
                                                                of the Association of Corporate       
                                                                Treasurers. 

Jane Ashcroft                        2012       Currently CEO of Anchor Hanover, 
(retired 3 April 2020)                           Fellow of the Institute of Chartered 
                                                                Secretaries and Administrators       
                                                                and Member of the Chartered         
                                                                Institute of Personnel and                 
                                                                Development. 

Dean Moore                         2020       Currently Chairman of the Audit     
                                                                Committees at Cineworld plc and   
                                                                Volex plc. 

Gillan Kent                            2020       Previously Managing Director of      
                                                                MSN UK. Non-executive director     
                                                                roles at Mothercare plc where         
                                                                   Gillian is Chair of the Remuneration
                                                                Committee, SIG plc, NAHL Group    
                                                                plc, Ascential Plc, and at three          
                                                                private companies. 

Paul Humphreys                 2021       A broad executive career spanning 
                                                                both quoted and unquoted              
                                                                companies, including having been 
                                                                Group Financial Director at Care     
                                                                UK. Currently holds advisory roles  
                                                                at a small number of unlisted          
                                                                companies.

Key Responsibilities 
The Committee works with the Board to fulfil its oversight 
responsibilities. Its primary functions are to: 

• Monitor the integrity of the financial statements and other 

information provided to shareholders and other stakeholders 
to ensure they represent a clear and accurate assessment of 
the Group’s position, performance, strategy and prospects; 

• Consider the financial statements and recommend to the 

Board as to whether the Annual Report and Accounts, taken  
as a whole, are fair, balanced, understandable and provide 
information necessary for shareholders and stakeholders to 
assess the performance, business model and strategy of the 
Group, recognising the changes to the strategy of the business; 

• Review significant financial reporting issues and judgements 

contained in the financial statements; 

• Review the systems of accounting, internal control and risk 

management; 

• Monitor and review the significant risks identified by the Group 

as well as the management and mitigation of those risks;  

• Oversee and maintain an appropriate relationship with the 

Group’s external auditors and review the effectiveness, 
independence and objectivity of the external audit process; 

• Monitor and review the effectiveness of the Internal Audit 

function; approve the internal audit plan and review all internal 
audit reports; review and monitor management’s responses  
to the findings and recommendations of the Internal Audit 
function; maintain an effective relationship with the Head of 
Internal Audit; and 

• Monitor and review the arrangements by which employees can, 
in confidence, raise concerns about any possible improprieties 
in financial and other matters (such as compliance with the 
Bribery Act). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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59

The terms of reference of the Committee are available on  
the Group’s corporate website at www.dignityplc.co.uk. 

Activities in the period 
The key activities of the Committee during the period and up  
to the date of this report were: 

• Review and agreement of the 2020 Internal Audit Plan and 

budget; 

• At all meetings, the review of Internal Audit progress against the 
Internal Audit plan for the period, the results of principal audits 
and other significant findings, adequacy of management’s 
responses and the timeliness of the resolution of actions 
arising; 

• Completion of a comprehensive review of Dignity’s risk control 

framework and its linkage to the Risk Register and Viability 
Statement included in the Strategic Report on page 33;  

• A six-monthly review of the Group’s Principal Risks and 

recommendation of adoption by the Board. This is part of an 
ongoing process of identifying, evaluating and managing the 
significant risks faced by the Group. A review of the Risk 
Register was also completed in March 2020. The principal risks 
facing the Group are considered on pages 27 to 33 of this 
Annual Report; 

• In advance of the financial period end, the review with the 

external auditors, EY, of the annual external audit plan, which 
addressed the planned audit approach to key audit matters;   

• Consideration of the external auditor’s views on key judgement 
areas and audit findings relating to key accounting matters at 
the conclusion of the audit;  

• An assessment of the effectiveness of the external auditors; 

• A comprehensive review of the 2019 and 2020 Annual Report 
and Accounts and the 2020 Interim Report. This review was to 
ensure that the Committee was completely satisfied that the 
information was fair, balanced and understandable. As part of 
this review the Committee received reports from the external 
auditors on their audit of that Annual Report and Accounts and 
their review of the interim results. The Committee also reviewed 
the Preliminary and Interim Announcements made to the 
London Stock Exchange; and 

• The formal review of the going concern assumptions adopted 
in the preparation of the 2019 and 2020 financial statements. 

Areas that have been discussed and considered by the 
Committee to be appropriate in relation to the 2020 Annual 
Report and Accounts are: 

• Impairment – the Committee considered the results and 
disclosures of the impairment tests performed, ensuring  
that the assessment made and conclusions reached were 
consistent with the analysis and reflected the changes in the 
funeral and crematoria industries which include the impact  
of COVID-19, increased consumer price awareness and 
competition, digitalisation and the conclusions of the CMA’s 
Final Decision Report following the market investigation; 

• Pensions – the Committee examined the assumptions used in 
the actuarial valuation for the defined benefit pension scheme 
considering the consistency of approach with the prior year and 
compliance with the requirements of IAS 19; 

• Leases – the Committee considered the disclosure provided  
in respect of the impact of IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ on accounting.  
See note 1 to the financial statements for further details; 

• Taxation including Corporate Interest Restriction (‘CIR’) – in light 
of the impact on the Group and the resultant need to record  
a prior period adjustment, the Committee considered the 
consequences of consolidating the Trusts on the application  
of the CIR rules and the associated charge to corporation tax in 
both the current and prior period, considering advice received 
from the Group’s tax advisers; 

• Pre-need Trust accounting – valuation of Level-3 Trust assets – 
the Committee considered the basis of valuation of private 
(illiquid) investment funds which are classified as Level-3 assets 
for the purpose of fair value disclosures, including the adequacy 
of the disclosures made in the Financial Statements; 

• Risk – the Committee performed a comprehensive review  

of the principal risks and uncertainties disclosed in the 2020 
Annual Report based on the changing and competitive 
environment in which the Group operates; 

• Corporate Governance – the Committee reviewed the 

Statement on Corporate Governance and the adequacy of the 
explanation set out in respect of those provisions with which 
the Company is currently not compliant; 

• Section 172 Statement – as the first time of reporting, this was 

reviewed by the Committee; 

• Alternative Performance Measures (‘APMs’) – as the Group’s 

APMs are stated after adjustment for non-underlying items and 
to reverse the impact of consolidating the Trusts and applying 
IFRS 15 and adopting IFRS 16, the Committee considered the 
nature and quantum of the adjustments made in arriving at  
the APMs. The Committee also considered the disclosures 
provided with respect to the reconciliation of APMs to ensure 
they considered these to be clear to a user of the Financial 
Statements; 

• Going Concern and Viability – the Committee performed an 

assessment and ratification of the Going Concern and Viability 
Statements, including giving due consideration to severe but 
plausible downside risks; and 

• Annual Report and Accounts are fair, balanced and 

understandable – having been given sufficient time to consider 
the Annual Report and Accounts, the Committee considered 
the narrative and numerical disclosures within the Annual 
Report and Accounts to assess whether the disclosures made 
gave appropriate levels of emphasis to both favourable and 
unfavourable aspects of the Group’s performance, covering  
all aspects of the Group, in a manner which was clearly 
understandable. As a result of this review, the Committee  
made a recommendation to the Board that it could make the 
statement that the Annual Report and Accounts were fair, 
balanced and understandable. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Audit Committee report continued 
Governance

External audit 
The Audit Committee is responsible for the development, 
implementation and monitoring of the Group’s policy on external 
audit. This policy assigns responsibility for monitoring objectivity, 
independence and compliance with ethical and regulatory 
requirements to the Audit Committee with day-to-day 
responsibility assigned to the Interim Chief Financial Officer, 
Dean Moore. The Committee also retains responsibility for the 
appointment and removal of the external auditors, who are 
currently EY.  

The Audit Committee, on an annual basis, formally considers the 
performance and independence of the external auditors. The 
formal annual review was completed in the first quarter of 2021. 
This review took the form of a detailed questionnaire that was 
sent to all Committee members and attendees at the Committee 
meetings. The Committee was, based on that review which 
indicated a strong level of confidence in the external auditors, 
fully satisfied with EY’s performance in 2020 and a resolution  
to re-appoint them as external auditors will be tabled at the  
AGM on 23 June 2021. 

The Committee confirms that during the year the Group has 
complied with the provisions of the Statutory Audit Services  
for Large Companies Market Investigation (Mandatory Use  
of Competitive Tender Processes and Audit Committee 
Responsibilities) Order 2014, as published by the UK  
Competition and Markets Authority. 

Policy on non-audit fees 
The Group has a rigorous and comprehensive policy on the use 
of the external auditors for non-audit work. The policy states that 
non-audit fees are limited to no more than 50 per cent of the 
annual audit fee unless there are exceptional circumstances, 
which are defined as: 

• The work necessitates the use of the auditor for regulatory 

reasons; and 

• Their use represents a material time/cost benefit to the Group 

in conducting a transaction.  

The policy also precludes the use of the external auditors  
for certain types of work. All such work is fully analysed in the 
Annual Report between tax compliance and advisory, non-
statutory acquisition related services and statutory services. 
Audit Committee approval is required prior to the work being 
commenced and further disclosure of the works and the reasons 
for it being performed by the external auditors will be disclosed 
in the following Annual Report. The Audit Committee does not 
envisage that non-audit fees payable to the external auditors will 
exceed 50 per cent other than in exceptional circumstances. 

In the period, EY undertook non-audit work on behalf of the 
Group including a review of the Interim Report for 2020, a 
financial covenants compliance certificate and certifications 
required as part of the Group’s membership renewal of the 
Funeral Planning Authority. Total fees of £59,000 were charged 
for non-audit services. The EY fee for audit services was 
£631,000. 

The Committee is confident that the objectivity and independence 
of the external auditors is not compromised by reason of  
non-audit work, not least because such work will generally be 
undertaken by other professional firms. A formal statement of 
independence from EY has been received in respect of 2020. 

Audit partner and firm rotation 
Consistent with the requirements of the Financial Reporting 
Council’s Ethical Standard, EY audit partners serve for a 
maximum of five years on listed clients. Adrian Roberts is 
Dignity’s audit partner having been appointed to the role in 2020.  

The Audit Committee considers that the relationship with the 
auditors is working well and is satisfied with their effectiveness 
and there are no current plans to put the external audit out to 
tender. The Committee confirmed compliance with the Statutory 
Audit Services for Large Companies Market Investigation 
(Mandatory Use of Competitive Tender Processes and Audit 
Committee Responsibilities) Order 2014, having last carried out  
a competitive tender for audit services in 2014 which resulted in 
EY being appointed for the December 2014 period end. In line 
with the statutory requirements, the position of Group auditor 
will be re-tendered in advance of the 2024 period end. 

The Audit Committee has also kept under review the 
independence of EY and has been satisfied at all times that  
any threats arising to their independence have been subject  
to appropriate safeguards.  

Internal Audit 
The Group has a dedicated Internal Audit team, which reports  
to the Interim Chief Financial Officer, Executive Chairman and  
the Audit Committee. The Head of Internal Audit coordinates  
a risk-assessed programme of work across all departments  
and operations of the Company with the aim of ensuring full 
coverage over a three year cycle. Where appropriate, Internal 
Audit utilise support from professional services firms to provide 
subject matter expertise on specialist areas. 

During 2020 (as in previous years), there were quarterly meetings 
between the Head of Internal Audit and the Executive Directors 
formally to review and discuss Internal Audit’s work programme 
and findings. In addition, regular meetings between the Head  
of Internal Audit and the external auditors, EY, were held  
during the year to discuss and plan audit work and to ensure a 
complementary approach. The Head of Internal Audit provides 
reports to the Audit Committee at every full meeting and met  
on a one-to-one basis with the Chair of the Audit Committee,  
on three occasions in the period. In addition, a private meeting  
is held annually between the Audit Committee members and  
the Head of Internal Audit, without any Executive Directors 
present. This process allows the Committee to have appropriate 
discussion and debate with the Head of Internal Audit as well  
as to monitor the effectiveness of the Internal Audit function, 
including comprehensive review of all reports and their 
conclusions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

61

Whistleblowing  
We have a policy and procedure by which employees of the 
Group may, in confidence, raise concerns about possible 
improprieties in financial reporting or any other matter.  
This ensures arrangements are in place for the proportionate 
and independent investigation of such matters and appropriate 
follow-up action. A whistleblowing report is formally reviewed  
on an annual basis by the Committee or more frequently should 
the need arise. 

Annual Evaluation 
During the period, the Board completed performance 
evaluations of itself and its Committees. The results of this  
are discussed on page 54. Specific matters reviewed by the 
Committee were: 

• Time management; 

• Committee processes and support; 

• Quality of information received; 

• Support, training and induction; 

• The relationship with the Interim Chief Financial Officer, the 

former Finance Director, External Audit Partner and the Head  
of Internal Audit; 

• The effectiveness of the Committee in reviewing the Group’s 

financial reporting, the system of internal controls and 
monitoring the management of risk; 

• The  effectiveness of the Committee in reviewing the work  

of both External and Internal Audit; and 

• Priorities for change. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

I will be available to answer any questions about the work of the 
Committee at the AGM on 23 June 2021. 

This Audit Committee report was reviewed and approved by the 
Board on 17 March 2021. 

Paul Humphreys 
Chair of the Audit Committee 

17 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Nomination Committee report 
Governance 

The Committee has overseen the appointment of  
both a new Chair of the Audit Committee and of the  
Remuneration Committee. The Committee continues  
to ensure we have and will have the right blend of skills  
and experience on the Board to deliver our strategy. 

Dear Shareholder, 
On behalf of the Board, it is my pleasure to present the 2020 
Nomination Committee report as both Chairman of the 
Company and the Nomination Committee. 

All the Non-Executive Directors are appointed for up to two year 
terms which may then be renewed up to a maximum of nine 
years service in accordance with the independence guidelines in 
the 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code.  

During 2020, the membership of the Nomination Committee 
(the ‘Committee’) comprised Jane Ashcroft and David Blackwood 
both of whom stood down in the year (Jane in April and David in 
June) and James Wilson, Dean Moore and Gillian Kent.  

Dean Moore was appointed to the Board and this Committee on 
11 March 2020 and, similarly, Gillian Kent on 11 June 2020. 

On 23 February 2021, Paul Humphreys was appointed an 
independent Non-Executive Director and now serves on this 
Committee. 

Currently, Gillian and Paul are the independent Non-Executive 
Directors serving on the Committee although both Dean and I 
were independent on appointment to the Board. The Company 
Secretary is Secretary to the Committee.  

Currently, the Committee is looking to appoint a Chief Executive 
coterminous with the outcome of the strategic review. We have 
also commenced a search for a Chief Financial Officer. The 
objective is to maintain an appropriate balance of independent 
Non-Executive Directors and suitable representation for the 
Board committees including throughout the period where  
Dean Moore is Interim Chief Financial Officer.  

The authorities delegated to the Committee by the Board 
comprise, among other matters: 

• The review of the structure, size, and composition of the Board; 
• The evaluation of the balance of skills, knowledge, 

independence, diversity and experience of the Board including 
the impact of new appointments; 

• Overseeing and recommending the recruitment of new 

directors; 

• Ensuring appointments are made against objective criteria; and 
• Succession planning to ensure processes and plans are in place 
with regard to both Board and senior appointments; keeping 
under review the leadership needs of the Group; and ensuring 
that the Non-Executive Directors can meet the time 
requirements of the role. 

The principal duties of the Committee in 2020 were overseeing 
the appointment of Dean Moore to succeed David Blackwood  
as Chair of the Audit Committee and Gillian Kent as Chair of the 
Remuneration Committee. The Committee also reviewed the 
monitoring and oversight of succession planning processes 
together with ongoing succession planning and talent mapping 
within the Group, identifying individuals and any development 
requirements necessary to ensure effective succession. 

Succession planning, development and leadership requirements 
will continue to be reviewed in 2021. 

The Committee is committed to embedding inclusion and diversity 
throughout the Group. The Company provides a balanced, 
supportive, caring and flexible culture and environment with 
working practices to accommodate peoples’ needs. In so doing,  
it aims to continue to attract and retain the best candidates and 
ensure the development of all Group employees.  

Tenure

Length of tenure at 25 December 2020 (years)   

Name                                                                                             1       2        3        4         5       6        7           

David Blackwood (retired 11 June 2020)                          

Jane Ashcroft (retired 3 April 2020)                                    

James Wilson                                                                            
Clive Whiley                                                                     
Dean Moore                                                                    
Gillian Kent                                                                      

At 25 December 2020, Dean Moore had been on the Board for 
nine months and Gillian Kent six months. 

The terms of reference of the Committee are available on the 
Group’s corporate website at  www.dignityplc.co.uk.  

The Committee is committed to ensuring inclusion and diversity 
at Board and all levels throughout the Group. Employee diversity 
of those in senior and middle management roles is shown on 
page 39. 

We acknowledge that we have much to do to fulfil our diversity 
ambitions and it will take time: we will work towards making 
progress on this matter. 

Following Jane Ashcroft’s retirement from the Board, Gillian Kent 
is currently the only woman on a Board of six Directors (17 per 
cent). While the Committee will continue to pursue a policy of 
ensuring that the best people are appointed for the relevant 
roles, the benefits of greater diversity are recognised and will 
continue to be taken into account when considering a particular 
appointment. 

I am also pleased to confirm that the Group will continue to 
publish the details on corporate diversity and report on our 
compliance and appointment process in this Annual Report. 

During the period, the Board completed performance 
evaluations of itself and its Committees. The results of this are 
discussed on page 54. Specific matters reviewed by the 
Committee were: 

• The process by which Board appointments are made; 
• Performance in reviewing the composition of the Board;  
• Any aspect of plans for Executive and Non-Executive succession 

which give cause for concern; and 

• How the Committee can improve its performance over the 

coming year. 

Issues arising from the evaluation are reviewed and addressed. 

Finally, all Directors offer themselves for election or re-election  
at the AGM on 23 June 2021 and I will be available at the AGM  
to answer questions on the work of the Committee. 

This Nomination Committee report was reviewed and approved 
by the Board on 17 March 2021. 

The members of the Committee’s attendance record is set out on 
page 54. The Committee’s proceedings are reported at the next 
Board meeting and the Committee’s minutes are made available 
to all members of the Board. 

Clive Whiley 
Chair of the Nomination Committee 

17 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
  
 
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Report on Directors’ remuneration 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

63

Dear Shareholder, 
On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present this Directors’ 
Remuneration Report for the period ended 25 December 
2020, my first since being appointed Chair on 11 June 2020. 
This has been a period of significant change for the business 
and Board and I am grateful for the support I have received 
from my Board colleagues through what has been a 
challenging period for the business and its employees. 

We have needed to act with great care and sensitivity during 
the year, to apply the remuneration policy to reflect the very 
significant impact on all stakeholders in the business caused by 
the COVID-19 pandemic, and at the same time to ensure that 
we could move swiftly to refresh the Executive leadership team 
and accelerate the business transformation necessary to 
position us for the long-term. 

We believe that our current remuneration policy has enabled 
us to pay our senior executives appropriately and as we enter 
the third and final year of the current three year policy period, 
the Committee is comfortable that it still supports the long-
term business strategy. Accordingly, we are proposing no 
changes to the policy for FY2021. 

Board changes  
On 3 April 2020 the Board agreed with the Chief Executive, 
Mike McCollum, that he should step down from the Board  
with immediate effect.  

Mike McCollum was paid 12 months’ salary, benefits and 
pension in lieu of notice in line with his contractual entitlements 
and treated as a ‘good leaver’ for the purpose of the 2020 
annual bonus plan and for outstanding LTIP awards, which 
enabled a pro rata payment under both plans, dependent  
on the achievement of the performance conditions. 

Clive Whiley, who was appointed Non-Executive Chairman on 
19 September 2019, agreed to step up temporarily to the role 
of Executive Chairman and his fee increased from £175,000  
to £475,000 for the duration of the temporary role. We are 
currently in a process to find a new Chief Executive Officer. 

On 14 December we announced that we had reached an 
agreement with Steve Whittern, our Finance Director, and 
Richard Portman, our Corporate Services Director, to step 
down from the Board and they stepped down from the 
business with immediate effect in the case of Steve Whittern 
and on 31 December in the case of Richard Portman. Both 
executives were paid 12 months’ salary, benefits and pension 
in lieu of notice in line with their contractual entitlements and 
treated as a ‘good leavers’ for the purpose of the 2020 annual 
bonus plan and for outstanding LTIP awards, which enabled  
a pro rata payment under both plans, dependent on the 
achievement of the performance conditions. The Committee 
used discretion to pay the bonus to Richard Portman and Steve 
Whittern in cash rather than 20 per cent deferred in shares. 

Dean Moore, who was appointed to the Board as a Non-
Executive Director on 11 March 2020, has become Interim 
Chief Financial Officer and is receiving a fee of £316,200 for  
the role, whilst the Company identifies a suitable candidate  
for the permanent role. 

Andrew Judd, previously director of the Group’s funeral 
operations, joined the Board as an additional Executive 
Director with immediate effect. His package comprises a salary 
of £200,000, pension contribution of 4 per cent (in line with the 
rate for the majority of the workforce), bonus opportunity of 
100 per cent of salary and an LTIP award for FY21 of 100 per 
cent of base salary. 

Finally, I would like to welcome Paul Humphreys to the Board 
and this Committee. 

Activities in the period 
The key activities of the Committee during the period up to the 
date of this report were: 

• Reviewing base salaries for Executive Directors and senior 

management; 

• Approving the fee of the Executive Chairman and  

Interim CFO; 

• Approving the 2020 bonus outturn for Executive Directors 

and senior management; 

• Setting the 2021 bonus targets for the Executive Director; 
• Approving awards and setting performance measures under 

the Company’s share plan; 

• Assessment of the 2018 to 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan 

performance; 

• Application of the remuneration policy in 2020 and 2021; 
• Alignment of Executive Director pension contribution rates  

to the wider workforce; 

• Reviewing Executive Director share ownership levels; 
• Reviewing trends in market practice and investor guidelines; 
• Reviewing the Gender Pay Gap and plans for diversity and 

inclusion; 

• Reviewing the Company Performance Management 

framework; and 

• Approving the 2020 Directors’ Remuneration Report. 

Performance in 2020 and annual bonus and 2018-20  
LTIP outcome  
The 2020 annual bonus was measured 70 per cent against 
stretching underlying operating profit targets, our key short-
term financial performance indicator. Underlying operating 
profit in 2020 was £55.7 million (before the Committee used 
discretion to reduce management bonuses and make the staff 
award, detailed below), which was within the target range and 
would have generated a bonus of 41.8 per cent out of the  
70 per cent for this element. The remaining 30 per cent of the 
bonus was based on the achievement of three key strategic 
initiatives, being the delivery of the annual objectives under  
the Transformation Plan, Customer Service and Funeral Market 
Share. The 10 per cent element based on the Transformation 
Plan was not achieved, as this was paused in order to conduct 
the strategic review. Our Funeral Market Share of 11.98 per 
cent and our Customer Recommendation score of 90.8 per 
cent exceeded the top end of the target ranges of 11.72 per 
cent and 90.8 per cent respectively and so each 10 per cent 
element based on Funeral Market Share and Customer 
Recommendation were achieved in full. On this basis the  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

formula driven bonus indicated a pay out of 49.3 per cent  
of the maximum. However, the Committee considered this 
bonus outturn in light of higher than average death rate in 
2020 caused by the impact of the pandemic, as well as the 
extremely challenging operating environment that all of our 
employees faced during the year and used its discretion to 
determine that the bonus level for Executive Directors and 
other senior executives should be scaled back significantly. In 
considering the appropriate bonus level for Executive Directors 
and the rest of the management population, the Committee 
determined that the scale back should be based on delivering 
the same bonus level (as a percentage of maximum bonus) for 
the entire management population, equivalent to 18 per cent 
of their maximum bonus opportunity. In addition to ensuring 
that the outturn was consistent with the employee experience, 
the Committee also noted that, with the exception of business 
rates relief, the Company had not benefitted from any direct 
Government financial support and had not needed to use the 
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.   

achieving growth in Market Share, this measure will be subject 
to a performance underpin which requires the Remuneration 
Committee to be satisfied that our underlying profitability is  
in line with our business plan over the performance period. 
The other 50 per cent of the award is based on the Company’s 
relative Total Shareholder Return compared to the Companies 
in the FTSE SmallCap Index. This provides a good balance 
between the financial strategic measure (underpinned by 
profitability) and the overriding objective of delivering a 
superior level of shareholder return. 

The LTIP award was granted at a 100 per cent of salary level, 
reduced from the policy level of 150 per cent of salary in light 
of the current relatively low share price. 

How we will apply the new policy in 2021 
The Executive Chairman and Interim Chief Financial Officer  
will receive a fee of £475,000 and £316,200 respectively and 
will not participate in the annual bonus plan or LTIP. 

This significant saving generated by scaling back the potential 
bonus pay-out to the senior managers and executives in the 
business, has been used to contribute towards an additional 
£500 bonus to all staff and £150 to casual staff in recognition 
of their outstanding performance and commitment to the 
Company and the public over the year. 

The LTIP award granted in 2018 was subject to performance 
against an absolute TSR target to be achieved at the end of 
2020. Dignity's TSR performance over this period failed to 
achieve the minimum threshold and so this award will lapse 
with no shares vesting. 

The Committee considers that, having used discretion to  
scale back the 2020 annual bonus pay-out, there has been an 
appropriate link between reward and performance, taking into 
account external factors and internal relativities between the 
pay levels of executives and employees. 

Furthermore, the Committee confirms that targets for annual 
bonus and outstanding LTIP awards have not been adjusted  
in light of COVID-19 related factors. 

FY20 LTIP award 
As described in last year’s report, we delayed the grant of the 
2020 LTIP award as it was very difficult to set accurate long-
term financial performance conditions until the findings of  
the CMA report were published. Subsequently there was a 
further delay due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic  
on the business and the realignment of the business strategy.  
The Committee approved the LTIP award levels, performance 
measures and the weightings in September and finalised the 
targets in December. 

There is a very clear priority in our business strategy to grow 
our Funeral Market Share, following several years of decline. 
Accordingly, for this award the Committee determined that 
there should be a clear focus on growing our Funeral Market 
Share and so 50 per cent of the award is based on this measure, 
providing a direct line of sight for our senior management 
team to this cornerstone in the business strategy. However, 
recognising the importance of ensuring that our profit margin 
remains in line with our business plan at the same time as 

The Executive Director of Funeral Operations will receive a 
salary of £200,000, and will participate in the annual bonus 
plan, with a maximum opportunity of 100 per cent of salary.  
70 per cent of the bonus will be based on a mix of stretching 
underlying operating profit targets and 30 per cent based on 
market share measures which underpin our strategy as set  
out on page 5. We will move from underlying EBIT to underlying 
EBITDA this year, as this will provide a cleaner measure of 
profitability as we transform the business in line with the 
strategic review. 

In relation to the FY21 LTIP award, having considered the 
performance measures carefully for the delayed FY20 award, 
the same Market Share and Relative TSR performance 
measures will again apply, with updated performance targets.  
The Committee will consider carefully the grant level in light  
of the prevailing share price at the time of grant, but intends  
to apply a grant level of 100 per cent of base salary for the 
award to the Executive Director of Funeral Operations, which is 
a reduction from the usual policy level of 150 per cent of base 
salary. Recognising the short period of time that has elapsed 
since the delayed FY20 grant, the ongoing uncertainty relating 
to the pandemic and that the rolling three year business plan  
is due to be completed in the Summer, the Committee has 
determined that the Market Share targets to be achieved in 
FY23 should be set later in the year (within six months of the 
grant). This short delay will enable the Committee to pitch the 
appropriate level of stretch in the target range more accurately. 

Concluding remarks 
On behalf of the Remuneration Committee, I would like  
to thank shareholders for their ongoing support and I look 
forward to this continuing at the forthcoming Annual  
General Meeting. 

Gillian Kent 
Chair of the Remuneration Committee 

17 March 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

65

REMUNERATION POLICY REPORT 

This section of the Directors' Remuneration Report has been prepared in accordance with The Large and Medium-sized 
Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) (Amendment) Regulations 2013 and sets out the remuneration policy which 
shareholders approved at the AGM on 13 June 2019. The policy took formal effect from the date of approval and is intended  
to apply until the 2022 AGM. 

Overview of Remuneration Policy 
The objective of the remuneration policy is to provide remuneration packages to each Executive Director that will: 

• Align rewards with the interests of shareholders; 

• Motivate and encourage superior performance; 

• Allow the Group to retain the talent needed to execute its business strategy;  

• Enable the Group to be competitive when recruiting appropriately skilled and experienced management; and 

• Ensure that the overall package for each Director is linked to strategic objectives of the Group. 

The table on pages 66 and 67 summarises the main components of Dignity's remuneration policy. Details of how the Committee 
will implement the policy are provided in the Annual Report on Remuneration on page 70.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

Element                            Purpose and link                       Operation                                                                                                                               Maximum opportunity                              Framework used to 
                                              to strategy                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         assess performance

Base salary

Essential to recruit and 
retain executives of  
a high calibre. 
Reflects an individual's 
experience, role and 
performance. 
To provide a fair  
fixed level of pay 
commensurate for the 
role, ensuring no over 
reliance on variable pay. 

Salaries are paid monthly. They are normally reviewed annually 
and fixed for 12 months commencing 1 January. 
In deciding appropriate levels, the Committee takes into account: 
• the role, experience, responsibility and performance (individual 

and Group); 

• increases applied to the broader workforce; and 
• relevant market information for similar roles in broadly similar 

companies of a similar size.  

Benefits

To provide competitive 
benefits to help recruit 
and retain executives 
and to ensure the well-
being of the executives. 

Pension

To provide retirement 
benefits in line with the 
overall Company policy.

Benefits include but are not limited to provision of a company car 
(or cash allowance in lieu), fuel, landline telephone and broadband 
at each Executive Director’s home residence, mobile phone, family 
private medical cover and a pre-arranged funeral plan for the 
individual or spouse. 
Relocation or other related expenses may be offered, as required. 
Executive Directors are also eligible to participate in the all-
employee HMRC approved share schemes on the same basis  
as other employees. 
Any business expenses incurred in carrying out an executive’s 
duties which are deemed to be taxable will be reimbursed by the 
Company together with any personal tax due. 

The Company operates a defined benefit plan, the Dignity  
Pension and Assurance Scheme, under which selected executives 
may accrue benefit. The defined benefit plan is closed to  
new members. 
The Company may contribute to selected individuals' personal 
pension schemes or is able to make salary supplements in lieu  
of pension contributions.  

Annual 
bonus

To motivate executives 
and incentivise the 
achievement of annual 
financial and/or 
strategic business 
targets. To ensure 
further alignment with 
shareholders through 
the retention of 
deferred equity.

20 per cent of any annual bonus earned will be deferred in shares, 
with the remainder being payable in cash.  
Deferred shares vest after two years subject to continued 
employment but no further performance targets. The vesting 
period continues post cessation of employment. 
A dividend equivalent provision allows the Committee to pay an 
additional amount equal to the value of the dividends that would 
have been payable on the vested deferred shares over the vesting 
period (normally in shares but may be in cash in exceptional 
circumstances). This may assume the reinvestment of dividends 
on a cumulative basis.   
Bonus payments, including deferred bonus awards, are subject  
to recovery and withholding provisions as set out in note 1. 

There is no prescribed maximum. 
Generally, the Committee is 
guided by average increases 
across the workforce. However, 
higher increases may be awarded 
on occasion, for example, where 
an individual is promoted or  
has been recruited on a below 
market rate, where there have 
been changes to individual 
responsibilities or in the size  
or complexity of the business  
or where salaries have fallen 
significantly below mid-market 
levels. 

There is no prescribed maximum 
as costs may vary in accordance 
with market conditions. 
Relocation expenses must be 
reasonable and necessary. 
HMRC tax-approved limits will 
apply to all employee share 
schemes. 

The accrual rate under the 
defined benefit scheme was one 
eightieth of final salary for every 
completed year of service. 
The Company contribution to 
defined contribution plans or 
salary supplement in lieu of 
pension may be made up to the 
value of 15 per cent of salary.  
The Committee will provide a 
pension provision for new 
Executive Directors’ in line with 
that of the workforce.

135 per cent of salary for the 
Chief Executive and 125 per cent 
of salary for the other Directors.

The Committee reviews  
the salaries of Executive 
Directors each year taking 
due account of all the factors 
described in how the salary 
policy operates.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Performance metrics are 
selected annually based on  
the Group's strategic objectives. 
The bonus may be based  
on the achievement of an 
appropriate mix of challenging 
financial, strategic or personal 
targets with financial measures 
accounting for the majority  
of the bonus. Measures and 
weightings may change each 
year to reflect any year-on-year 
changes to business priorities. 
• For financial metrics, a  

range of targets may be set 
by the Committee, taking into 
account the business outlook 
for the year. For financial 
metrics up to 20 per cent  
of the maximum potential 
bonus is payable for threshold 
performance and up to  
60 per cent of maximum 
potential bonus is payable  
for target performance. 

• In relation to strategic targets 
the structure of the target will 
vary based on the nature of 
the target set and it will not 
always be practicable to set 
targets using a graduated 
scale. Vesting may therefore 
take place in full if specific 
criteria are met in full. 

The Committee may adjust  
the bonus that is payable  
if it considers the formulaic 
outcome is not representative 
of the underlying performance 
of the Company, investor 
experience or employee 
reward outcome. 
See note 2 for additional detail. 

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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

67

Element                            Purpose and link                        Operation                                                                                                        Maximum opportunity            Framework used to  
                                              to strategy                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 assess performance

150 per cent of salary. 

Awards under the LTIP vest subject to the 
satisfaction of challenging performance targets 
set at the time of award.  
25 per cent of the award vests for threshold 
performance. 
Performance periods will normally start from the 
beginning of the financial year in which the award 
is made. 
The Committee may scale back the LTIP vesting 
amount if it considers the formulaic outcome is 
not representative of the underlying performance 
of the Company, investor experience or employee 
reward outcome. 
See note 2 for additional detail.  

Neither the Non-Executive Chairman nor the 
Non-Executive Directors are eligible for any 
performance related remuneration.

There is no prescribed 
maximum, however, 
any increase to fees 
will be considered in 
light of the expected 
time commitment in 
performing the role, 
scope and responsibility, 
increases received by 
the wider workforce 
and market rates  
in comparable 
companies.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Long–Term 
Incentive 
Plan

Incentivises selected 
employees and 
Executive Directors  
to achieve successful 
execution of business 
strategy over the  
longer-term. 
Provides long-term 
retention. 
Aligns the interests  
of the Executives and 
shareholders through 
the requirement to 
build up a substantial 
shareholding. 

Non–Executive 
Chairman and 
Directors’ fees

To attract and retain a 
high-quality Chairman 
and experienced Non-
Executive Directors.

Share 
ownership 
requirement

To align the interests  
of management and 
shareholders and 
promote a long-term 
approach to 
performance.

Awards are normally granted annually in the form  
of nil cost options or conditional share awards.  
Participation and individual award levels will be 
reviewed annually (subject to the individual limit) taking 
into account matters such as market practice, overall 
remuneration, the performance of the Group and the 
Executive being granted the award.  
Awards normally vest after three years subject to the 
achievement of stretching performance conditions  
and continued employment. 
Following vesting, the net of tax vested shares must be 
retained for two years. The post vesting holding period 
continues post cessation of employment. 
Awards are subject to recovery and withholding 
provisions as set out in note 1. 
A dividend equivalent provision allows the Committee 
to pay an additional amount equal to the value of the 
dividends that would have been payable on the vested 
shares over the vesting period (normally in shares but 
may be in cash in exceptional circumstances) and  
may assume the reinvestment of dividends on a 
cumulative basis. 

The Board determines the fees of the Non-Executive 
Directors. They are based upon recommendations 
from the Chairman and Chief Executive (or, in the case 
of the Chairman, based on recommendations from 
the Remuneration Committee and the Chief Executive).  
Both the Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors 
are paid annual fees and do not participate in any 
incentive plans or receive pension or other benefits. 
James Wilson has elected not to receive a fee. 
The Chairman receives a single fee covering all his 
duties. The Non-Executive Directors receive a basic fee 
and additional fees payable for chairing the Audit and 
Remuneration Committees and for performing the 
Senior Independent Director role. Supplemental fees 
may be paid for additional responsibilities and 
activities and additional fees for chairing new board 
committees or for other additional roles requiring 
additional time commitment. 
The Chairman and Non-Executive Directors shall be 
entitled to have reimbursed all expenses that they 
reasonably incur in the performance of their duties, 
including those expenses that have been deemed  
to be taxable benefits by HMRC. This includes any 
personal tax that may become due. 
The level of fees of the Non-Executive Directors reflects 
the time commitment and responsibility of their 
respective roles. Their fees are reviewed from time to 
time against broadly similar UK listed companies and 
companies of a similar size.  
In exceptional circumstances, additional fees may  
be payable to reflect a substantial increase in time 
commitment of the Non-Executive Chairman and 
Directors. 

Executive Directors are required to build and maintain 
a holding of shares to the value of at least 200 per cent 
of base salary. We will value shareholdings using the 
value of beneficially owned shares plus the net of  
tax value of deferred bonus shares and vested but 
unexercised LTIP awards. The calculation of the 
shareholding level will be based on the average price 
for the last month of the financial year and the salary 
at the end of the financial year.  
Until the guideline is met, the executive is required  
to retain 50 per cent of shares acquired under the 
Company’s share plans (after allowing for tax and 
national insurance liabilities). 
In addition, a shareholding requirement of 50 per cent 
of the 200 per cent of salary in-service requirement  
(i.e. 100 per cent of salary) is required to be held for 
one year post cessation of employment applying to 
share awards granted from 2020.  

Notes  
1. Recovery and withholding provisions apply to variable pay, to enable the Company to recover amounts paid under the annual bonus, deferred annual bonus share plan and LTIP in the event of a 

restatement of the accounts, an error in calculation leading to an over-payment, corporate failure or failure in risk management or if the participant has been guilty of gross misconduct or has brought the 
Company or any member of the Group into disrepute. Payments may be recovered for up to two years after payment/vesting or two external audit cycles. The amount to be recovered would generally be 
the excess payment over the amount which would otherwise be paid, and recovery may be satisfied in a variety of ways, including through the reduction of outstanding deferred annual bonus awards, 
reduction of the next bonus or LTIP vesting and seeking a cash repayment. 

2. The Committee assesses annually at the beginning of the relevant performance period which performance measures, or combination and weighting of performance measures, are most appropriate  

for both annual bonus and any LTIP awarded to reflect the Company’s strategic initiatives for the performance period. The Committee has the discretion to change the performance measures for awards 
granted in future years based upon the strategic plans of the Company. In determining the target range for any financial measures that may apply, the Committee ensures they are challenging by taking  
into account current and anticipated trading conditions, budget, the long-term business plan and external expectations.  

3. The Committee considers the general basic salary increase for the broader employee population when determining the annual salary review for the Executive Directors. The performance measures and 
targets for annual bonus and LTIP awards for Executive and Senior Managers are aligned to those of the Executive Directors to ensure that everyone is focusing and working together on the same critical 
measures of performance. All permanent employees are invited to participate in the SAYE scheme which provides a mechanism for everyone to share in the overall success of the Group through sustained 
longer-term share price growth. Overall, the remuneration policy for the Executive Directors and more senior management is more heavily weighted towards variable pay than for other employees. This 
ensures that there is a clear link between the performance and value created for shareholders and the remuneration received by those individuals who are considered to have the greatest potential to 
influence Group performance and value creation. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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68   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

Bonus Plan and LTIP discretions 
The Committee will operate the annual bonus plan and LTIP according to their respective rules and in accordance with the Listing 
Rules and HMRC rules where relevant. A copy of the LTIP rules is available on request from the Company Secretary. The Committee, 
consistent with market practice, retains discretion over a number of areas relating to the operation and administration of these plans.  
These include (but are not limited to) the following (albeit with the level of award restricted as set out in the policy table on page 67): 

• Who participates in the plans; 

• The timing of grant of award and/or payment; 

• The size of an award and/or a payment; 

• Discretion relating to the measurement of performance in the event of a change of control or reconstruction; 

• Determination of a good leaver (in addition to any specified categories) for incentive plan purposes based on the rules of each plan 

and the appropriate treatment chosen; 

• Adjustments required in certain circumstances (e.g. rights issues, corporate restructuring, on a change of control and special 

dividends); and  

• The ability to adjust existing performance conditions for exceptional events so that they can still fulfil their original purpose whilst 

being no less stretching. 

Legacy arrangements 
Any commitments entered into with current or former Directors that have been disclosed previously to shareholders will be honoured. 

Remuneration scenarios for Executive Directors 
The Company's policy results in a significant proportion of remuneration received by Executive Directors being dependent on 
Company performance. The graph below illustrates how the total pay opportunities for the Executive Directors for 2021 vary under 
three performance scenarios: minimum, target and maximum. 

Remuneration (£000s) 

£750

£500

£250

£-

£475

£475

£475

£316

£316

£316

£220

Fixed Pay
Annual Bonus
LTIP
LTIP with 50% Share Price Growth

£720

32.5%

32.5%

£620

£420

24%

24%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

52%

35%

Below
target

Target Maximum

Below
target

Target Maximum

Below
target

Target Maximum

Executive Chairman

Interim Chief Financial Officer

Executive Director of 
Funeral Operations

Notes  
• Below target comprises fixed pay, which comprises 2021 basic salary, the value of benefits in 2020 and a four per cent company pension contribution. 
• Target comprises fixed pay and assumes a bonus of 50 per cent of maximum is paid and 50 per cent of the LTIP award vests. 
• Maximum comprises fixed pay, assumes full bonus payment of 100 per cent of salary and full LTIP vesting of 100 per cent of salary. A 50 per cent increase in the value of the LTIP is also to 

show the impact of the share price growth. The 50 per cent increase is calculated using the maximum expected LTIP value. 

Recruitment and Promotion policy 
The remuneration package for a new Director will be established in accordance with the Company's approved policy subject to such 
modifications as are set out below. 

Salary levels for Executive Directors will be set in accordance with the Company's remuneration policy, taking into account the 
experience and calibre of the individual and their existing remuneration package. Where it is appropriate to offer a lower salary 
initially, a series of increases to the desired salary positioning may be made over subsequent years subject to individual performance 
and development in the role. Benefits will generally be provided in line with the approved policy, with relocation or other expenses 
provided for if necessary. For any new appointments, the pension contribution will be in line with that applying to the majority  
of the workforce.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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69

The structure of variable pay elements will be in accordance with the Company's approved policy detailed above. The maximum 
variable pay opportunity will be as set out in the remuneration policy table. Different performance measures may be set initially for 
the annual bonus in the year of joining, taking into account the responsibilities of the individual, and the point in the financial year 
that he or she joined the Board.  

In the case of external recruitment, if it is necessary to buy out incentive pay or benefit arrangements (which would be forfeited on 
leaving the previous employer), this may be provided, with the new awards taking into account the form (cash or shares), timing left 
to vesting, the extent to which performance conditions apply and expected value (i.e. likelihood of meeting any existing performance 
criteria) of the remuneration being forfeited. Replacement share awards, if used, may be granted using the Company's existing share 
plans to the extent possible, although awards may also be granted outside of these schemes. The aim of any such award would be to 
ensure that as far as possible, the expected value and structure of the award will be no more generous than the amount forfeited. 

In the case of an internal recruitment, any outstanding variable pay awarded in relation to the previous role will be allowed to pay out 
according to its terms of grant or adjusted as considered desirable to reflect the new role. 

Fees for a new Chairman or Non-Executive Director will be set in line with the approved policy. 

Service contracts and payments for loss of office 
The Service contracts for Executive Directors will continue indefinitely unless determined by their notice period. Under the Executive 
Directors' service contracts and in line with the policy for new appointments, 12 months' notice of termination of employment is 
required by either party.  

All Non-Executive Directors have letters of appointment with the Company for an initial period of two years, subject to annual re-
appointment at the AGM. Appointments may be terminated with three months' notice. The appointment letters for the Chairman 
and Non-Executive Directors provide that no compensation is payable on termination, other than accrued fees and expenses. 

All Directors submit themselves for election or re-election at the Annual General Meeting each year. Service contracts and letters  
of appointment are available for inspection at the Company's registered office.  

For Executive Directors, the Company may in its absolute discretion at any time after notice is served by either party, terminate a 
Director’s contract with immediate effect by paying an amount equal to base salary for the then unexpired period of notice plus the 
fair value of contractual benefits subject to the deduction of tax. All payments would discontinue or reduce to the extent that 
alternative employment is obtained. 

An Executive Director's service contract may be terminated without notice for certain events such as gross misconduct or a serious 
breach of contract. No payment or compensation beyond salary (and the value of holiday entitlement) accrued up to the date of 
termination will be made if such an event occurs. 

There are no special provisions relating to change of control. The policy on termination is that the Group does not make payments 
beyond its contractual obligations and the Committee ensures that there are no unjustified payments for failure. 

Any statutory payments required by law may be made. The Company may also pay outplacement, legal and other reasonable 
relevant costs associated with termination and may settle any claim or potential claim relating to the termination. 

Treatment of outstanding incentive awards 
At the discretion of the Committee, for certain good leaver circumstances (such as death, illness, injury, disability, redundancy, 
retirement, their employing company ceasing to be a Group company or the undertaking business or division for which he or she 
works being sold out of the Company's group, or any other circumstances at the discretion of the Committee), a pro rata bonus may 
become payable at the normal payment date for the period of employment and based on full year performance.  

The treatment of share-based incentives previously granted to an Executive Director will be determined based on the plan rules.   
The default treatment will be for outstanding awards to lapse on cessation of employment. However, an executive will be treated as  
a 'good leaver' under certain circumstances such as death, illness, injury, disability, redundancy, retirement, their employing company 
ceasing to be a Group company or the undertaking business or division for which he or she works being sold out of the Company's 
group, or any other circumstances at the discretion of the Committee. Under the Deferred Share Bonus Plan, if treated as a good 
leaver, awards will normally vest on the original vesting date. Under the LTIP, if treated as a good leaver, awards will vest at the 
normal vesting date subject to the extent to which performance targets have been achieved. The number of LTIP awards that would 
vest will normally be reduced pro rata to reflect the proportion of the three year period actually served. A post vest holding period 
would continue to apply. 

 
 
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70   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

External directorships  
The Group allows Executive Directors to hold a Non-Executive position with one other company or organisation, for which they can 
retain the fees earned. This policy does not apply to the Executive Chairman and Interim Chief Financial Officer. 

How shareholder views are taken into account  
The Remuneration Committee is committed to ensuring an open dialogue with our shareholders and therefore, where changes are 
being made to the remuneration policy or where there is a material change in which we operate our policy, we will consult with major 
shareholders in advance. The Remuneration Committee adopted such an approach in putting together this policy by consulting the 
Company's largest shareholders and shareholder advisory bodies beforehand.   

In addition, the Committee considers shareholder feedback received in relation to the AGM each year and guidance from 
shareholder representative bodies more generally. 

Consideration of employment conditions elsewhere in the Group 
As part of the Committee’s wider remit and as part of the Directors’ Remuneration Policy review process, the Committee reviewed 
with management the pay structures across the wider Group and certain changes were made to the wider Group policy as a result  
of the review to ensure an appropriate and clear cascade of the Executive Directors’ policy to the wider Group. The Committee will 
continue within its Terms of Reference to monitor pay policies and practices within the wider Group and to provide input and 
challenge in respect of current policies and practices as well as any proposed future review and changes to ensure that they are 
appropriate, fair, aligned to the Executive Directors’ Remuneration Policy and support the culture and growth of the business. 

An Employee Forum was established in 2019 following an election of Employee Representatives. The Forum provides the opportunity 
for the appointed Employee Representatives to discuss business objectives, facilitate change and continuous improvement through  
a pro-active dialogue. It’s also a place in where they can share suggestions, ideas and feedback from the colleagues they represent, to 
help shape our future. The Company Secretary has engaged with the Forum to explain the alignment of the Directors’ Remuneration 
Policy to the wider Group pay policy. 

ANNUAL REPORT ON REMUNERATION 

The Annual Report on Remuneration set out below (together with the Remuneration Committee Chair’s Annual Statement) will be 
put to an advisory shareholder vote at the 2021 AGM. The information below includes how we intend to operate our policy in 2021 
and the pay outcomes in respect of the 2020 financial year. The information from the single total remuneration figures for Directors 
on page 72 to the end of the section on loss of office payments on page 78 has been audited. The remainder is unaudited. 

Implementation of Remuneration Policy in 2021 

Salaries 
The Committee has determined that the Executive Directors will not receive a base salary/fee increase for 2021. Therefore, the 
salaries as at 1 January 2021 are: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2021                                 2020                           Increase 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            £                                        £                                       % 

Clive Whiley (Executive Chairman)                                                                                                                        475,000             475,000(a)                       – 
Dean Moore (Interim Chief Financial Officer)                                                                                                    316,200             316,200(b)                       – 
Andrew Judd (Executive Director of Funeral Operations)                                                                              200,000              200,000(c)                       – 

(a) Since being appointed Executive Chairmen on 3 April 2020. 
(c) Since being appointed Interim Chief Financial Officer on 14 December 2020. 
(c) Since being appointed Executive Director of Funeral Operations on 14 December 2020.  

Non-Executive Directors' fees 
The current fee levels for Non-Executive Directors, are as detailed below. There is no increase in fee levels for 2021: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2021                                 2020                           Increase 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            £                                        £                                       % 

Basic fee for Non-Executive Directors                                                                                                                    46,850               46,850                          – 
Supplementary Senior Independent Director fee                                                                                                9,700                  9,700                          – 
Supplementary Audit Committee Chairman fee                                                                                                  9,350                  9,350                          – 
Supplementary Remuneration Committee Chairman fee                                                                                6,300                  6,300                          – 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

71

Pension and Benefits 
Andrew Judd will receive a salary supplement in lieu of pension of four per cent of basic salary. Benefits will be provided in line with  
the approved remuneration policy.  

Pension contribution for new Executive Directors will be in line with the pension plan for the majority of the workforce, which is 
currently four per cent of base salary. 

Annual bonus 
The maximum bonus potential will be 100 per cent of salary for the Executive Director of Funeral Operations. The Executive Chairman 
and Interim Chief Financial Officer (both temporary appointments) will not participate in the annual bonus plan. 

70 per cent of the bonus will be based on a mix of stretching underlying operating profit targets and 30 per cent on a strategic 
objective in relation to Project 20:20 (see page 5 of the Executive Chairman’s review). Underlying EBITDA will provide a measure  
of underlying profitability and the Project 20:20 objective will support our business in accordance with the strategic review.  

For the underlying EBITDA element, 20 per cent of the maximum will become payable for achieving a threshold level of performance, 
rising incrementally so that 50 per cent of the maximum will be payable for achieving a target level of performance and there will be  
a full pay out for significant over-achievement of target. 

The strategic element will be based on a stretching target range in relation to Project 20:20 under which we aim to grow our market 
share significantly to 20 per cent by 2025.   

There will be Committee discretion to adjust the formula driven outturn to ensure that the bonus payments also reflect performance 
more broadly and the experience of other stakeholders in the business.  

The underlying EBITDA element target range and the strategic objective targets are deemed to be commercially sensitive and have not 
been disclosed prospectively. However, full retrospective disclosure of the targets and performance against them will be provided in 
next year's Remuneration Report.  

20 per cent of any annual bonus earned will be deferred in shares. The deferred shares will vest after two years subject to continued 
employment. 

Long-Term Incentive Plan 
The Executive Director of Funeral Operations will receive an LTIP award at 100 per cent of base salary. 

The awards will be based 50 per cent on Funeral Market Share with a requirement to achieve an improved level of Market Share. 
Recognising the short period of time that has elapsed since the delayed FY20 grant, the ongoing uncertainty relating to the pandemic 
and that the rolling three year business plan is due to be completed in the Summer, the Committee has determined that the Market 
Share targets to be achieved in FY23 should be set later in the year (within six months of the grant). This short delay will enable the 
Committee to pitch the appropriate level of stretch in the target range more accurately. As with the FY20 grant, there will again be an 
underpinning performance condition whereby the Committee must be satisfied that our underlying profitability must be in line with 
the business plan over the performance period. The remaining 50 per cent will be based on the Company’s Total Shareholder Return 
compared to the FTSE SmallCap Index of companies (excluding Investment Trusts) over the three year period to 31 December 2023.  
In each case 25 per cent of each element of the award will vest for threshold performance. 

The Market Share performance conditions will be published later in the corporate governance section of the website and disclosed 
fully in the next Annual Report. 

We are conscious that our Market Share performance measure will be a performance condition in both the FY21 annual bonus and 
the Long-Term Incentive Plan awards. We believe that this overlap is appropriate this year as we aim to kick-start our growth towards 
the achievement of this critical strategic objective. 

Executive Directors are required to hold the net of tax vested shares for two years following vesting. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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72   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

Total remuneration payable to Directors in 2020 
                                                                                                                                                                    Fixed Pay                                                                                                   Pay for Performance 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Total                   Annual                                                      Total                      Total 
                                                                                                                                                     Salary/fee              Benefits(a)          Pension             fixed pay                     bonus(j)                     LTIP        variable pay    remuneration 
                                                                                                                                                              £000                    £000                   £000                     £000                        £000                      £000                      £000                      £000 

Executive Directors 
Clive Whiley

Andrew Judd(k)

Mike McCollum(b)

Richard Portman(d)

Steve Whittern(c)

Dean Moore(h)

Non–Executive Directors 
Dean Moore(h)

Gillian Kent(i)

Jane Ashcroft(g)

David Blackwood(f)

James Wilson(j)

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

2020
2019

400

–                 –             400                    –                   –                   –              400 
46                  –                 –                46                    –                   –                   –                 46 

190
–

171
512

248
248

316
316

5
–

59
–

30
–

12
47

27
110

n/a
n/a

12                8             210                 26                   –                26              236 
–                 –                  –                    –                   –                   –                   – 

10              26             207                 31                   –                31              238 
20              77             609               124                   –              124              733 

19              37             304                 56                   –                56              360 
18              37             303                 56                   –                56              359 

20              47             383                 71                   –                71              454 
20              47             383                 71                   –                71              454 

–                 –                  5                    –                   –                   –                   5 
–                 –                  –                    –                   –                   –                   – 

–                 –                59                    –                   –                   –                59 
–                 –                  –                    –                   –                   –                   – 

–                 –                30                    –                   –                   –                30 
–                 –                  –                    –                   –                   –                   – 

–                 –                12                    –                   –                   –                12 
–                 –                47                    –                   –                   –                 47 

–                 –                27                    –                   –                   –                27 
–                 –             110                    –                   –                   –              110 

n/a            n/a              n/a               n/a              n/a               n/a               n/a 
n/a             n/a              n/a               n/a               n/a               n/a               n/a 

(a) Taxable benefits for the year included: provision of a company car or allowance, fuel, family private medical cover, landline telephone and broadband at each Executive Director’s 

home residence and a mobile telephone together with a pre-arranged funeral plan in accordance with any scheme established by the Group in respect of the funeral of the 
Executive Director or his spouse.  

(b) Mike McCollum stepped down from the Board on 3 April and remuneration is up to that date. In addition to remuneration receivable for services as a Director, contractual 

amounts were payable in relation to his Settlement Agreement. Further details of the breakdown are on page 77. 

(c) Steve Whittern stepped down from the Board on 14 December and remuneration is up to that date. In addition to remuneration receivable for services as a Director, contractual 

amounts were payable in relation to his Settlement Agreement. Further details of the breakdown are on page 77. 

(d) Richard Portman stepped down from the Board on 14 December and remuneration is up to that date. In addition to remuneration receivable for services as a Director, contractual 

amounts were payable in relation to his Settlement Agreement. Further details of the breakdown are on pages 77 and 78. 

(e) Clive Whiley was appointed to the Board as Non-Executive Chairman on 26 September 2019. The fee for 2020 is the Non-Executive Chairman’s fee to 3 April 2020 and the Executive 

Chairman’s fee for the remainder of the year. 

(f) David Blackwood stepped down from the Board at the AGM on 11 June 2020. 
(g) Jane Ashcroft stepped down from the Board on 3 April 2020 and the fee represents the pro rata payment to that date of the base Non-Executive Director fee. 
(h) Dean Moore was appointed to the Board on 11 March 2020 and the remuneration payable represents his standard Non-Executive Director fees from that time to 14 December 

and then an enhanced fee for 15 December to 31 December for his role as Interim Chief Financial Officer. 

(i) Gillian Kent was appointed to the Board on 11 June 2020 and the fee is the pro rata payment of the base Non-Executive Director fee and the supplement for chairing the 

Remuneration Committee. 

(j) James Wilson has elected not to receive a Non-Executive Director’s fee. 
(k)Andrew Judd was appointed to the Board on 14 December 2020. £190,000 was his 2020 full year salary. 

 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

73

Determination of 2020 annual bonus 
The 2020 annual bonus was based on the achievement of underlying operating profit targets (70 per cent) and strategic targets  
(30 per cent). 

Bonus payment against the underlying operating profit range is set out below: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Threshhold                                        Stretch                               2020 actual                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                               (for which 20% of                  (for which 100% of                   (before additional                         Bonus payable 
                                                                                                                                                        Weighting                maximum payable)                maximum payable)       bonus payment to staff)                  (out of maximum) 
                                                                                                                                                                        %                                               £m                                               £m                                               £m                                                  % 

Underlying operating profit

Strategic measures

70

30

55.2

67.2

58.5

Two thirds

Total overall bonus before Committee discretion  
to scale back

Total overall bonus after Committee discretion  
to scale back

29.3 

20 

49.3 

18.0 

The level of EBIT that would have been used to determine Executive bonuses in line with the formula set at the start of the year was 
£58.5 million, before the Committee used discretion to reduce executive bonuses significantly, which contributed towards the staff 
award, the net effect of which reduced declared profit to £55.7 million. 

Strategic objectives were set based on the three most critical business priorities for the year each equally weighted at 10 per cent. 

The strategic objectives and the Committee’s assessment of their achievement is summarised below: 

Detail of objective 

1. Funeral Market Share (10 per cent out of the 30 per cent Strategic Objectives element) is the number of funerals performed 
by the Company's group in Great Britain (excluding Northern Ireland) in the 2020 financial year as a proportion of the total estimated 
number of deaths in that region during the period (as estimated and calculated by the Company).  

The target range required the Company's Funeral Market Share to be between 11.62 per cent, at which point 20 per cent of this 
element of the bonus would be payable, and 11.72 per cent (or greater) at which point 100 per cent of this element of the bonus 
would be payable. 

Committee assessment 
With a Funeral Market Share of 11.98 per cent (up from 11.7 in 2019) the maximum threshold was exceeded. 

Outcome 
10 per cent out of 10 per cent achieved. 

Detail of objective 

2. Customer Recommendation (10 per cent out of the 30 per cent Strategic Objectives element) means the percentage  
of customer survey respondents for funerals conducted in the 2020 financial year who confirmed that they would definitely 
recommend Dignity.  

The target range required the Customer Recommendation to be equivalent to the average of 2017-19, at which point 20 per cent of 
this element of the bonus would be payable, and 90.8 per cent (or greater) at which point 100 per cent of this element of the bonus 
would be payable. 

Committee assessment 
The Company's Customer Recommendation score was 90.8 per cent, resulting in the maximum target being achieved. This was 
recognised as being an excellent result in very challenging market and operating conditions. 

Outcome 
10 per cent out of 10 per cent achieved. 

 
 
 
 
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74   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

Detail of objective 

3. Transformation Plan (10 per cent out of the 30 per cent Strategic Objectives element) relates to the progress made in the 
2020 financial year in implementing the Transformation Plan. 

The Committee took account of whether exceptional performance has been demonstrated in the delivery of the Transformation  
Plan in FY19. 

Committee assessment 
The Board paused the Transformation Plan in light of the Strategic Review so this measure was not achieved. 

Outcome 
Nil per cent out of 10 per cent. 

The Committee was comfortable that the improvements in Funeral Market Share and the excellent Customer Recommendation 
result were notable achievements in a challenging year and important building blocks to future shareholder value and that progress 
on each measure merited a bonus payment. 

Summary of performance achievement and bonus payments 
The formula driven bonus indicated a pay out of 49.3 per cent of the maximum. However, the Committee reviewed this bonus 
outturn in light of higher than average death rate in 2020 caused by the impact of the pandemic, as well as the extremely challenging 
operating environment that all of our employees faced during the year and used its discretion to determine that the bonus level for 
Executive Directors and other senior executives should be scaled back significantly. In considering the appropriate bonus level for 
Executive Directors and the rest of the management population, the Committee determined that the scale back should be based  
on delivering the same bonus level (as a percentage of bonus opportunity) for the entire management population, equivalent to  
18 per cent of the bonus opportunity. 

This significant saving generated by scaling back the potential bonus pay-out to the senior managers and executives in the business, 
has been used to pay an additional £500 bonus to all full-time staff and £150 to casual staff in recognition of their outstanding 
performance and commitment to the Company and the public over the year. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Pay-out (% of maximum)                           Pay-out (% of        Bonus outcome after use of 
                                                                                                                                                                                    Bonus maximum                     before Committee                    maximum) after                     Committee discretion    
Director                                                                                                                                                                     (% of base salary)                                      discretion          Committee discretion                                                     £000 

Mike McCollum                                                                                                          135                              49.3                              18                                     31 
Richard Portman                                                                                                       125                              49.3                              18                                     56 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                           125                              49.3                              18                                     71 
Andrew Judd                                                                                                               100                              49.3                              18                                     26 

Mike McCollum’s annual bonus was scaled back pro rata to the period of service in 2020 to 1 May 2020. 

Normally 20 per cent of any bonus earned is deferred in shares, for 2 years and this will apply for Mike McCollum’s 2020 bonus. 
However, for Richard Portman and Steve Whittern the Committee has used discretion to determine that the annual bonus will be 
payable 100 per cent in cash. 

Determination of LTIP awards with performance periods ending in the year   
The LTIP awards made in 2018 were subject to a range of absolute share price performance targets (to be reduced by the value  
of dividends paid over the performance period) and subject to a financial performance underpin. These awards lapsed in full, as 
shown below:   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Share price target (closing 3 month average for 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             FY20 year end)                       % vesting 

                                                                                                                                                                                             less than 1550p                         – 
                                                                                                                                                                                                               1550p                       25 
                                                                                                                                                                                            1,950p or higher                    100 
                                                                                                                                      594.32p closing average 3 month share price 
                                                                                                                                                                   plus 40.12p of dividends paid                         – 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2018 LTIP award                                                              Award value 
Director                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          number of shares                   Vesting level                                 £000 

Mike McCollum                                                                                                                                                             31,253                          –                          – 
Richard Portman                                                                                                                                                          15,150                          –                          – 
Steve Whittern                                                                                                                                                               19,320                          –                          – 

 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
 
 
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75

LTIP awards granted in the year  
The terms of the LTIP award granted to the Executive Director of Funeral Operations on 22 December 2020 were as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                     Face/maximum                                                              
                                                                                                                                                  Number of LTIP                     value of awards                     % of award vesting at 
Executive                                                                                                                                                 awards                     at grant date*£                                           threshold                                           Performance period 

Andrew Judd                                                                                 31,509                  178,971                                    25                 01.01.20 – 31.12.22 

*  Based on a share price on the date of grant on 22 December 2020 of 568 pence. 

50 per cent of the 2020 award will vest subject to a range of relative total shareholder return performance against the companies 
comprising the FTSE SmallCap Index (excluding investment trusts) over the performance period commencing 1 January 2020.   
The vesting of this award is dependent on the following: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                             TSR relative to FTSE SmallCap companies                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Performance required                                                                                          % vesting 

Below threshold
Threshold
Stretch or above

Below median
Median
Upper quartile or above

– 
25 
100 

The remaining 50 per cent of the award will be based on our Funeral Market Share in the final year of the performance period, 2022. 

                                                                                                                                                         Funeral market share                                                                 Growth above                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                               performance required in 2022                                                 2019 baseline of 11.7%                                                                                          % vesting 

Below threshold                                                                            Below 12.5%                                                            
Threshold                                                                                                     12.5%                                                6.83%
Stretch or above                                                                              15 or above                                                28.2%

– 
25 
100 

The Funeral Market Share measure is based on growth from the level of our Market Share in 2019 of 11.7 per cent and recognises that 
this follows several years of decline.  The Funeral Market Share measure will be subject to a performance underpin which requires the 
Remuneration Committee to be satisfied that our underlying profitability is in line with our business plan over the performance period.   

The Market Share will be calculated using the average of the 12 monthly Market Share figures for 2022 and independently verifiable 
using ONS external market figures. The Committee is satisfied that the target range is sufficiently stretching, particularly as this requires 
growth following several years of decline and the fact that the starting period for the average is based on monthly figures over the final 
year, and not just the final month or few months of the year (which would give longer to achieve the target, but would not be 
independently verifiable). 

The award will vest on the third anniversary of grant. Clawback and malus provisions apply and there is a holding period requiring the 
net of tax value of shares to be held for two years after the awards vest. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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76   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

Outstanding Long-Term Incentive Plan awards 
Details of the nil cost option awards, not yet vested and exercised, made under the LTIP are disclosed in the table below: 

                                                                                                         Share price                                                    Granted                     Lapsed            Vested and                                              Earliest date                Latest date 
                                                                            Award         at date of grant                        As at                      during                      during               exercised                        As at           shares can be           shares can be 
Director                                                      grant date                         (pence)                 27.12.19                           year                           year           during year                 25.12.20                    acquired                    acquired 

Andrew Judd

Mike McCollum

Richard Portman

Steve Whittern

16.03.17(i)
23.03.18(ii)
13.06.19(iii)
22.12.20(iv)
16.03.17(i)
23.03.18(ii)
13.06.19(iii)

16.03.17(i)
23.03.18(ii)
13.06.19(iii)

16.03.17(i)
23.03.18(ii)
13.06.19(iii)

2,455
890
633.5
584

2,455
890
633.5

2,455
890
633.5

2,455
890
633.5

1,000
7,486
22,494
–

31,253
31,253
80,741

15,150
15,150
39,139

19,320
19,320
49,913

–
–
–
31,509

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

1,000
–
–
–

31,253
7,814
47,099

15,150
–
–

19,320
–
–

–
–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
7,486
22,494
31,509

–
23,439
33,642

–
15,150
39,139

–
19,320
49,913

16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22
22.12.23

16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22

16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22

16.03.20
23.03.21
13.06.22

16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 
22.12.30 

16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 

16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 

16.03.27 
23.03.28 
13.06.29 

(i)    Number of options derived based on the average mid-market share price for the previous 28 working days to 30 December 2016.  Half of the share awards under the LTIP are 

subject to a comparative TSR performance condition against the constituents of the FTSE 350. Awards will only be released if the Group’s comparative TSR performance is equal 
or greater than the median level of performance over the performance period at which point 25 per cent of the award will be released with full vesting occurring for an upper 
quartile performance.  Vesting occurs on a straight line basis between these points. The other half of the awards are based on EPS growth targets. 

(ii)   Number of options derived based on the same number of shares as the prior year’s awards. The share price of 890 pence in the table above is at the grant date.  Awards subject 

to a range of share price targets, from 1,500p to 1,950p for 25 per cent to 100 per cent vesting and a financial performance underpin. The 2019 awards will vest based on 
absolute TSR. Full vesting will require performance broadly equivalent to returning the share price to the level it was prior to the 19 January 2019 pricing announcement. 

(iii)  Number of awards scaled back from usual policy of 150 per cent of salary, to 100 per cent of salary. The 2019 award is based on relative TSR compared to the FTSE SmallCap Index 

with a separate financial and strategic performance condition. 

(iv)  Subject to TSR and Funeral Market Share performance conditions as set out on page 75 of this report. 

(v)   Awards lapsed in respect of the awards granted to Mike McCollum in 2018 and 2019 relate to the scaling back of the awards pro rata for the service period. 

The aggregate gain on the exercise of Long-Term Incentive Plan options by the continuing Directors in the period was £nil (2019: £nil). 

Directors’ interest in shares 
The interests of the Directors (including those of their connected persons) in the share capital of Dignity plc at 25 December 2020  
are set out below: 

                                                                                                                                                               Number of Ordinary Shares 

                                                                                                                                                                                        At 25 December 2020 (or date of cessation of employment if earlier) 

                                                                                                                                         At 25 December                                                                                                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                                               2020                                                                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                             Legally owned                                                                                                                                       Value of shares                                      
                                                                                                                                                    (or date of                                                                        Subject to                                        counting towards                                      
                                                                                                      At 27 December            cessation of                                       Deferred          performance             Vested but                     proposed           Percentage of 
                                                                                                                            2019           employment         Subject      Annual Bonus               conditions           unexercised               shareholding            salary held as 
                                                                                                          Legally owned                  if earlier)         to SAYE                  Options       under the LTIP      under the LTIP                   guideline(1)                      shares(1)

Andrew Judd                                                                 n/a              3,460               –             1,245            54,003                      –             £28,340                      14 
Mike McCollum                                                  126,845         126,845               –          13,129         111,994           17,437          £984,007                    192   
Richard Portman                                                  50,000            50,000               –             5,158            39,139             8,431          £393,494                    159   
Steve Whittern                                                      38,076            88,076               –             6,582            49,913           10,763          £669,113                    211 
Clive Whiley(2)                                                            3,000            25,000               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
David Blackwood                                                    7,154                   n/a               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
Jane Ashcroft                                                            1,917                   n/a               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   
Dean Moore                                                                 n/a                       –               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         – 
Gillian Kent                                                                    n/a                       –               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         – 
James Wilson                                                            1,000              1,000               –                      –                       –                      –                           –                         –   

(1)     Based on the average share price of the last financial month of the year of 687.9 pence and includes legally owned shares plus the net of tax value (i.e. tax and national 

insurance at 47 per cent) of deferred bonus options and vested but unexercised LTIP awards.  

(2)     Clive Whiley has a beneficial interest via Zodiac Executive Pension Scheme, of which he is the sole beneficiary, in 25,000 Dignity plc shares. 

There has been no change in the interests set out above between 25 December 2020 and 17 March 2021. 

Shareholding guideline  
The current shareholding guideline for the Executive Directors was not met and, accordingly, the Executive Directors will be required 
to retain at least 50 per cent of the net of tax value of shares at such time as future awards vest until the required guideline of 200 per 
cent of salary is achieved. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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77

Loss of office payments and payments to past Directors   
On 3 April 2020 the Company agreed with Mike McCollum that he should step down from the Board with immediate effect.  
He continued to be paid base salary, benefits and pension until 30 April and in accordance with Mike McCollum's service contract,  
the following payments have been or will be made: 

• 12 monthly payments of £50,560 covering 12 months' base salary, pension and benefits from 1 May 2020. 

• The Remuneration Committee has used discretion to allow Life assurance and private medical insurance to continue for 12 months 

from 1 May 2020. 

• The Remuneration Committee has determined that good leaver treatment should apply to the 2020 annual bonus for, which was 
based on the original performance conditions, pro rata to 1 April 2020. 20 per cent of any annual bonus will be deferred in shares 
for two years. This bonus is noted above in the table of Directors’ Remuneration. 

• 2020 Deferred Bonus Plan awards granted in respect of the 2019 and 2020 annual bonus will vest at the normal time together with 

any dividend equivalent payments. 

• Outstanding Long-Term Incentive Plan awards granted in March 2018 and June 2019 over 23,439 and 33,642 shares respectively will 
be capable of vesting at the normal vesting date after three years, together with any dividend equivalent payments, subject to the 
achievement of the performance conditions and in each case will be scaled back pro rata for the proportion of the performance 
period that has elapsed to 1 April 2020. The 2 year post vest holding period will continue to apply to all vested awards. 

• Other vested but unexercised LTIP and deferred annual bonus awards, which are structured as nil cost options, may also be 

exercised. 

• A severance payment of £85,000 gross was paid to settle any potential claim for unfair dismissal, £30,000 paid immediately and the 

balance at £4,583 per month for the subsequent 12 months. 

• Clawback and malus provisions will continue after cessation of employment. 

On 14 December 2020 the Company announced that it had agreed with Steve Whittern that he should resign and he ceased 
employment on 31 December 2020. In accordance with Steve Whittern’s service contract and agreed terms, the following payments 
have been or will be made: 

• Continued payment of current base salary, benefits and pension from 15 December until 31 December 2020 (the date upon  

which employment terminated). This is included in the table of Directors’ remuneration in this report. 

• A payment in lieu of notice for the 12 month period from 1 January 2021 of £381,630 (representing base salary, car allowance, 

pension and life assurance premium). 

• A severance payment as compensation for loss of office of £30,000 (taking into account length of service, base salary and  

mitigation obligations). 

• Private medical insurance will continue until 31 December 2021 or until the date upon which full time employment with another 

employer is taken up. 

• The Remuneration Committee has determined that good leaver treatment should apply to the 2020 annual bonus, which was 

based on the original performance conditions. The Committee has used discretion to pay the bonus exclusively in cash. 

• Outstanding Long-Term Incentive Plan awards granted in March 2018 and June 2019 over 19,320 and 49,913 shares respectively will 
be capable of vesting at the normal vesting date after three years, together with any dividend equivalent payments, subject to the 
achievement of the performance conditions and in each case will be scaled back pro rata for the proportion of the performance 
period that has elapsed to 31 December 2020. The two year post vest holding period will continue to apply to all awards. 

• Other vested but unexercised LTIP and deferred annual bonus awards, which are structured as nominal cost options, may also  

be exercised. 

• Clawback and malus provisions will continue after cessation of employment. 

On 14 December 2020 the Company also announced that it had agreed with Richard Portman that he should resign and he ceased 
employment on 31 December 2020. In accordance with Richard Portman's service contract and terms agreed, the following 
payments have been or will be made: 

• Continued payment of current base salary, benefits and pension from 15 December until 31 December 2020 (the date upon which 

employment terminated). This is included in the table of Directors’ remuneration in this report. 

• A payment in lieu of notice for the 12 month period from 1 January 2021 of £303,140 (representing base salary, car allowance, 

pension and life assurance premium). 

• A severance payment as compensation for loss of office of £30,000 (taking into account length of service, base salary and  

mitigation obligations). 

• Private medical insurance to continue until 31 December 2021 or until the date upon which full time employment with another 

employer is taken up. 

• The Remuneration Committee has determined that good leaver treatment should apply to the 2020 annual bonus, which was 

based on the original performance conditions. The Committee has used discretion to pay the bonus exclusively in cash. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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78   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

• Outstanding Long-Term Incentive Plan awards granted in March 2018 and June 2019 over 15,150 and 39,139 shares respectively will 
be capable of vesting at the normal vesting date after three years, together with any dividend equivalent payments, subject to the 
achievement of the performance conditions and in each case will be scaled back pro rata for the proportion of the performance 
period that has elapsed to 31 December 2020. The two year post vest holding period will continue to apply to all vested awards. 

• Other vested but unexercised LTIP and deferred annual bonus awards, which are structured as nominal cost options, may also  

be exercised. 

• Clawback and malus provisions will continue after cessation of employment. 

Other than the amounts disclosed above, there are no other remuneration payments or payments for loss of office for these or any 
other Directors. 

Relative importance of spend on pay between employee pay and distributions to shareholders 
The following table sets out the percentage change in dividends and overall spend on employee pay in the 2020 financial year 
compared with the prior year:  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       2020                                  2019                             Change  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £m                                      £m                                         %  

Dividends                                                                                                                                                                           –                      7.9                 (100) 

Employee remuneration costs                                                                                                                             116.4                 107.4                     8.4 

Percentage change in Directors’ pay 
The table below shows the percentage change between 2019 and 2020 in the value of salary, benefits and annual bonus for each 
Director compared to that of the average employee on a full-time equivalent basis. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2019 vs 2020                                          
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             %  change                   % change in                                          
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               in salary/                           taxable                       % change 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   fees                            benefits                           in bonus  

Chairman                                                                                                                                                                           –                         –                         – 
CEO                                                                                                                                                                                      –                     (50)                    (75) 
Chief Financial Officer                                                                                                                                                     –                         –                         – 
Director of Corporate Services                                                                                                                                     –                         5                         – 
David Blackwood                                                                                                                                                         n/a                     n/a                     n/a 
Jane Ashcroft                                                                                                                                                                 n/a                     n/a                     n/a 
Dean Moore                                                                                                                                                                  n/a                     n/a                     n/a 
Gillian Kent                                                                                                                                                                    n/a                     n/a                     n/a 
All employees                                                                                                                                                                   2                         –                         – 

The Executive Director of Funeral Operations is not included in the table above as he was appointed a Director on 14 December 2020. 

CEO pay ratios 
The Committee has decided to use Option A in the relevant regulations to calculate the Chief Executive Officer pay ratio.  

This methodology was selected as the Committee believes this provides a more accurate and consistent calculation based on the 
information available at this time. The Committee will monitor investor guidance and evolving best practice which may move in 
favour of using Option A to calculate the ratios and will review its approach next year (restating any prior year figures, as appropriate). 

The following table sets out the CEO pay ratio at the median, 25th and 75th percentile. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    25th percentile                                                    75th percentile 
                                                                                                                                                                                      Financial year                          Method                        pay ratio                           Median                       pay ratio 

                                                                                                                                 2020          Option A             33.45:1              18.19:1            22.54:1 

The three employees used for comparison for 2020 are shown below: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Employees salary      Total remuneration  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   (£)                                        (£)  

                                                                                                                                                                               Q 25 pay              17,380               17,965 
                                                                                                                                                                               Q 50 pay              21,190               21,325   
                                                                                                                                                                               Q 75 pay              26,337               26,662 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

79

The pay ratios have been calculated in accordance with Option A. This methodology was selected as the Committee believes this 
provides the most accurate calculation. The full-time equivalent remuneration for FY20 was calculated for employees of Dignity as  
at 31 December 2020. Employees that joined the Company prior to this date have been grossed up to full time equivalent pay and 
any employee that left the Company prior to this date has been excluded. Part time employees have been grossed up to full time 
equivalents based on full time equivalent hours for the role. Total pay for employees includes salary, casual pay, allowances and 
variable pay. 

The reward policies and practices for our employees, which the Remuneration Committee reviews, are appropriately cascaded from 
the Executive Directors’ remuneration policy and furthermore the Committee continues to monitor Group policies and practices to 
ensure they are appropriate, fair and aligned and support the culture of the business. Therefore, the Remuneration Committee is 
satisfied the median pay ratio is consistent with the Company’s pay, reward and progression policies for all employees.   

Long-Term Total Shareholder Return Performance and CEO pay over this period 
The following graph shows the Company's TSR performance over the last ten financial years against the FTSE 350 index and the  
FTSE SmallCap Index. The FTSE 350 Index has been chosen as the Company has been a member of that Index until recently and  
the FTSE SmallCap Index has been chosen as it is now a member of that Index. 

Ten Year Total Shareholder Return 

)

d
e
s
a
b
e
R

(

)
£
(
e
u
a
V

l

400

300

200

100

0

0
1
c
e
D

1
1
c
e
D

2
1
c
e
D

3
1
c
e
D

4
1
c
e
D

5
1
c
e
D

6
1
c
e
D

7
1
c
e
D

8
1
c
e
D

9
1
c
e
D

0
2
c
e
D

Dignity plc  

FTSE 350 Index   

FTSE SmallCap Index   

Source: Datastream (Thomson Reuters)

This graph shows the value, by 25 December 2020, of £100 invested in Dignity plc on 25 December 2010, compared with the value of 
£100 invested in the FTSE 350 Index and FTSE SmallCap Index on the same date. 

The table below shows the total remuneration figure for the CEO over the same ten year period. 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     2020                          2020 
                                                                                               2011              2012                2013              2014               2015                2016                2017                2018               2019             Mike McCollum*          Clive Whiley* 

CEO single total figure of 
remuneration (£000)                         917     2,081       2,217     2,426      2,440       2,372          966       1,010          733                        238                 400 

Annual bonus pay-out  
relative to maximum (%)                 100         100          100         100          100          100                –             58            18                           18                  n/a 

LTIP vesting (%)                                         –         100          100         100          100          100             50                –               –                             –                  n/a 

*This represents the pro rata total remuneration for Mike McCollum to 3 April 2020 and Clive Whiley for the remainder of 2020 in his role as Executive Chairman. 

Details of Directors' service contracts and letters of appointment 
Details of the service contracts of the Executive Directors and letters of appointment of the Non-Executive Directors are as follows: 

Name

Andrew Judd 
Clive Whiley
Gillian Kent
James Wilson
Dean Moore

Contract date

14 December 2020
26 September 2019
11 June 2020
1 May 2019
11 March 2020

Notice period 

6 months
3 months
3 months
3 months
3 months

Non-Executive Directors will normally serve for two terms of three years which may be extended to three terms. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Report on Directors’ remuneration continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

External directorships 
Clive Whiley is Chair of Mothercare plc, China Venture Capital Management Limited, First China Venture Capital Limited and  
Y-LEE Limited. The fees earnt are retained. Dean Moore is a Non-Executive Director of Cineworld plc and Volex plc and retains  
the fees for these appointments. Andrew Judd does not hold any external directorships.  

Membership of the Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee currently comprises two independent Non-Executive Directors, Gillian Kent and Paul Humphreys  
who was appointed on 23 February, and Dean Moore, who was an independent NED before stepping into the role of Interim Chief 
Financial Officer and who remains independent in the view of the Board as he still receives a fixed fee and does not participate in  
any incentive plans. During 2020, the Committee was chaired by David Blackwood until the 2020 AGM and then Gillian Kent from the 
date of her appointment on 11 June 2020. Jane Ashcroft was a member of the Committee until she stepped down from the Board  
on 3 April 2020. 

The Remuneration Committee members have no personal financial interest in matters to be decided, no potential conflicts of 
interests arising from cross directorships and no day-to-day involvement in running the business.  

The Remuneration Committee determines and agrees with the Board, within formal terms of reference, the framework and policy  
of Directors’ and senior management’s remuneration. The Committee met four times during the year. At the start of the year the 
Committee determined the incentive payments for 2019 and the application of the remuneration policy for 2020. During the year the 
Committee considered the termination of employment arrangements for the departing Executive Directors and the remuneration 
package for the Executive Director of Funeral Operations, who was promoted to the Board on 14 December.  

The Committee receives advice from several sources, namely: 

• The Chairman, Chief Executive and Finance Director, who attend the Remuneration Committee by invitation, and the Company 
Secretary, who attends meetings as Secretary to the Committee. No individual takes part in discussions relating to their own 
remuneration and benefits.  

• Korn Ferry, who were appointed by the Committee as its independent advisers on 3 August 2018 following a tendering process. 
Korn Ferry report directly to the Committee Chair and are signatories of the Code of Conduct for Remuneration Consultants  
(which can be found at www.remunerationconsultantsgroup.com). Korn Ferry provides other consulting services on leadership 
development, but this is an entirely separate team independent from the team advising the Committee and the advice to the 
Committee is therefore considered independent. During 2020, total fees charged in the period by Korn Ferry in relation to advice  
to the Committee were £31,079.25 + VAT (2019: £74,751 + VAT) and were charged on a time spent basis.  

Statement of shareholder voting at the AGM (Unaudited)  
Votes cast by proxy at the Annual General Meeting held on 11 June 2020 in respect of the Remuneration Report and at the AGM on 
13 June 2019 in respect of the binding three year policy vote, are as shown below: 

2020 AGM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Remuneration Report 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Total number                 Percentage of 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       of votes                        votes cast 

For                                                                                                                                                                                                         29,207,486                  96.72 
Against                                                                                                                                                                                                       991,481                    3.28 
Total votes cast                                                                                                                                                                               30,198,967                     100 

Abstentions                                                                                                                                                                                              139,408                      n/a 

2019 AGM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Remuneration Policy 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Total number                 Percentage of 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       of votes                        votes cast 

For                                                                                                                                                                                                         17,956,750                  98.14 
Against                                                                                                                                                                                                       340,926                    1.86 
Total votes cast                                                                                                                                                                               18,297,676                     100 

Abstentions                                                                                                                                                                                        13,416,745                      n/a 

On behalf of the Board 

Gillian Kent 
Chair of  the Remuneration Committee 

17 March 2021 

         
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
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Directors’ report  
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

81

The Directors present their report and the audited consolidated 
financial statements for Dignity plc and its subsidiaries for the 
52 week period ended 25 December 2020. 

The company registration number of Dignity plc is 04569346. 

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report, 
the Report on Directors’ Remuneration and the financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial 
statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors 
have prepared the Group financial statements in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards adopted 
pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 as it applies in  
the European Union and in accordance with international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements  
of the Companies Act 2006 and the parent company financial 
statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice including Financial Reporting 
Standard 101, Reduced Disclosure Framework (‘FRS 101’) 
(United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). 
Under company law, the Directors must not approve the 
financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give  
a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and  
the Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for  
that period. In preparing these financial statements, the 
Directors are required to: 

• Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently; 

• Make judgements and accounting estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent; 

• Present information, including accounting policies, in a 

manner that provides relevant, reliable, comparable and 
understandable information; 

• Provide additional disclosures when compliance with the 

specific requirements in IFRSs and in respect of the parent 
company financial statements, is insufficient to enable users 
to understand the impact of particular transactions, other 
events and conditions on the Group and company financial 
position and financial performance; 

• In respect of the Group financial statements state, whether 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements  
of the Companies Act 2006 and IFRSs adopted pursuant to 
Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 as it applied in the European 
Union have been followed and in accordance with 
international accounting standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006, subject to any 
material departures disclosed and explained in the Group 
financial statements; 

• In respect of the Parent Company financial statements,  

state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been 
followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in Parent Company financial statements 
respectively; and 

• Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is appropriate to presume that the Company and/or 
the Group will not continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 
the financial position of the Company and the Group and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements and the 
Report on Directors’ Remuneration comply with the Companies 
Act 2006 and, as regards the Group financial statements,  
Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. They are also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and 
hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity 
of the Group’s websites. Legislation in the United Kingdom 
governing the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are listed  
on page 51 of this Annual Report, confirm that, to the best  
of their knowledge and belief: 

• The Group financial statements, which have been prepared  
in accordance with IFRSs adopted pursuant to Regulation  
(EC) No. 1606/2002 as it applied in the European Union and  
in accordance with international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006, 
give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial 
position and profit of the Group; and 

• The Strategic Report on pages 1 to 43 of the Annual Report 
includes a fair review of the development and performance  
of the business and the position of the Group, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that it faces.  

Responsibility statement of the Directors in respect of the 
Annual Report 
The Directors confirm that to the best of their knowledge: 

• The consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance 
with IFRSs adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 
as it applied in the European Union and in accordance with 
international accounting standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006 give a true and fair 
view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit of  
the Company and undertakings included in the consolidation  
as a whole;  

• This Annual Report, including the Strategic Report, includes  
a fair review of the development and performance of the 
business and the position of the Company and undertakings 
included in the consolidation as a whole, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they 
face; and 

• Having taken into account all matters considered by the Board 
and brought to the attention of the Board during the year, the 
Directors consider that the Annual Report, taken as a whole,  
is fair, balanced and understandable. The Directors believe 
that the disclosures set out in this Annual Report provide  
the information necessary for shareholders to assess the 
Company’s performance, business model and strategy. 

 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Directors’ report continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Governance 

Principal risks and uncertainties  
Operational, financial and emerging risks are considered on 
pages 29 to 32. 

An assessment of the Group’s exposure to financial risks and  
a description of how these risks are managed are included in 
note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Share capital 
During the period, 8,089 Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence 
each were issued to satisfy share incentives which became 
exercisable in the period.  

The issued share capital of Dignity plc at 25 December 2020 
consisted of 50,020,483 Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence 
each. All the Ordinary Shares carry the same rights and 
obligations. There are no other class or type of share in issue. 

A special resolution passed at the last AGM on 11 June 2020 
gives Dignity plc the authority to purchase up to 5,000,894 
Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence each at not less than 
nominal value and not more than five per cent above the 
average middle market quotation for the preceding five 
business days. At the same meeting the Company was also 
given authority to allot Ordinary Shares up to an aggregate 
nominal value of £4,112,623 of which up to £308,447 may be 
for cash. These authorities will expire at the conclusion of the 
next AGM on 23 June 2021. It is the intention of the Directors  
to seek renewal of these authorities at that AGM. There are  
no restrictions at the period end on the transfer of securities. 

Results 
The results for the period are set out in the Consolidated 
Income Statement on page 92. The Group’s loss before tax 
amounted to £19.6 million (2019: Profit of £44.1 million). 

Dividends 
Although the Group has significant cash resources at hand and 
continues to be cash generative, in order to maintain maximum 
flexibility and liquidity during the transformation, the Board  
has concluded that it is prudent to temporarily cease dividend 
payments. The Group has an established track record of 
returning cash to shareholders at appropriate times over many 
years and once the current uncertain competitive environment 
becomes clearer, it anticipates resuming dividend payments or 
returning excess cash to shareholders.  

Employment policies 
During the period, the Group has maintained its obligations to 
effectively communicate and involve employees in its affairs. 
Methods of communication used include an Employee Forum, 
an in-house magazine, team talks, regular bulletins both 
national and regional, and management briefings. This is 
discussed in more detail in the Corporate and social 
responsibility report on pages 35 to 41. 

Employment policies are designed to provide equal 
opportunities irrespective of age, sexuality, colour, ethnic or 
national origin, religion, nationality, sex or marital status. Full 
consideration is given to the employment, training and career 
development of disabled persons, subject only to their  

aptitudes and abilities. The Group endeavours, as far as is 
practicable, to treat disabled persons equally with others and 
will also endeavour to help and accommodate persons who 
become disabled whilst working for Dignity. 

The Directors published gender pay data on the corporate 
website www.dignityplc.co.uk during 2020 in accordance with 
the Equality Act 2010 (Gender Pay Gap) Regulations 2018.  

Directors and their interests  
Details of the Directors of the Company who were in office 
during the period and up to the date of signing the financial 
statements are shown in the Report on Directors’ 
Remuneration on pages 76 to 79.  

In accordance with the July 2018 UK Corporate Governance 
Code, at the AGM, all Directors will retire as Directors of the 
Company and, being eligible, offer themselves for election  
or re-election at the AGM on 23 June 2021.  

During the period, the Company maintained liability insurance 
for its Directors and Officers to a value of £90 million. The 
Directors of each of the Company’s subsidiaries have the 
benefit of an indemnity provision in the Company’s Articles  
of Association. The indemnity provision, which is a qualifying 
third party indemnity provision as defined by Section 234 of  
the Companies Act 2006, was in force throughout the period  
and is currently in force. 

Health and Safety policy  
The Group’s operations are designed at all times in such a way 
as to ensure, so far as reasonably practicable, the health, safety 
and welfare of all of our employees and all other persons who 
may attend our premises. This is discussed in the Corporate 
and social responsibility report on page 38. 

Corporate Social Responsibility  
Maintaining the quality of the environment in which we all  
live is an important concern for the Group. This is discussed  
in the Corporate and social responsibility report on page 40 
alongside other social and ethical considerations.  

Going concern  
In order to assess the appropriateness of the application of  
the going concern principle in this Annual Report, the Directors 
have considered the principal risks and uncertainties and 
financial position of the Dignity Group. 

The Group has carried out a detailed going concern analysis 
and considered the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
on these financial statements. Full details of this analysis are  
set out in Note 1 to the financial statements. 

Following consideration of the base case forecasts, and the 
range of downside stress test scenarios, the Directors have a 
reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources 
to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future 
and for a period through to 31 March 2022. The Directors 
formally considered this matter at the Board meeting held on  
5 March 2021. For these reasons, they continue to adopt the 
going concern basis for preparing the Annual Report. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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83

The Takeover Directive 
The Group has one class of voting share capital, Ordinary 
Shares. All of the shares rank pari passu. There are no special 
control rights in relation to the Group’s shares. The rules 
governing the appointment and replacement of Board 
members and changes to the Articles of Association accord with 
usual English company law provisions. The Board has authority 
to purchase its own shares and is seeking renewal of that 
power at the forthcoming AGM within the limits set out in the 
notice of that meeting. There are no significant agreements to 
which the Group is party which take effect, alter or terminate  
in the event of change of control of the Group. 

Corporate Governance Statement 
The information that fulfils the requirements of a corporate 
governance statement in accordance with rule 7.2 of the 
Disclosure and Transparency Rules can be found in this 
Directors’ Report and in the Directors’ Statement on Corporate 
Governance on pages 53 to 57, which is incorporated by 
reference. 

Strategic Report 
The Strategic Report on pages 1 to 43 has been approved  
by the Board. 

By order of the Board 

Tim George 
Company Secretary 

17 March 2021 

Post balance sheet events 

Regulation and the funeral plan market 
HM Treasury had previously announced that prepaid funeral 
plans would be subject to regulation by the Financial Conduct 
Authority (‘FCA’). On 2 March 2021, the FCA published their 
consultation paper with their proposed approach to regulation. 

If the FCA rules are enacted in the way they are currently 
drafted they will have a profound impact on both the wider 
industry and Dignity. We welcome the opportunity to work 
closely with the FCA over the coming months to ensure the 
rules provide the much needed consumer protection, but also 
supporting the FCA in their understanding of the potential 
unintended consequences on the industry as a result of the 
current drafting. 

Tax rate change 
In the budget on 3 March 2021 by HM Government, legislation 
to increase the main rate of corporation tax from 19 per cent  
to 25 per cent from 1 April 2023 was announced. This will be 
reflected in the Group’s financial results once substantively 
enacted.   

Requisition Notice 
On 11 March 2021, Dignity plc received a requisition notice 
pursuant to section 303(1) of the Companies Act 2006 requiring 
that the Board convenes a general meeting of shareholders  
for the purposes of considering and, if thought fit, approving 
resolutions to remove the existing Executive Chairman, Clive 
Whiley as a Director and appoint Gary Channon as an Executive 
Director. The Requisition Notice was delivered by Phoenix UK 
Fund Limited, the Company's largest shareholder. 

The Phoenix UK Fund is managed by Phoenix Asset 
Management Partners and Mr Channon is the founder and 
chief investment officer of Phoenix Asset Management 
Partners. 

Independent Auditors and disclosure of information  
to Auditors 
A resolution for the re-appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as 
auditors will be proposed at the forthcoming AGM. 

In the case of each of the persons who are Directors at the time 
when the report is approved, the following applies: 

• So far as the Director is aware, there is no relevant audit 

information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware; 
and 

• The Directors have taken appropriate steps to make 

themselves aware of any relevant audit information and  
to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of that 
information. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Financial statements 

Opinion 

In our opinion: 

• Dignity plc’s group financial statements and parent company financial statements (the “financial statements”) give a true and 
fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 25 December 2020 and of the group’s profit for 
the 52 week period then ended; 

• the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and International Financial Reporting Standards adopted 
pursuant to Regulation (EC) No.1606/2002 as it applies in the European Union; 

• the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standards 
in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 as applied in accordance with section 408 of the Companies 
Act 2006; and 

• the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

We have audited the financial statements of Dignity plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) for the 52 week 
period ended 25 December 2020 which comprise: 

Group 

Parent company 

• Consolidated balance sheet as at 25 December 2020 
• Consolidated income statement for the 52 week period ended  

• Balance sheet as at 25 December 2020 
• Statement of changes in equity for the 52 week period ended  

25 December 2020 

25 December 2020 

• Consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the 52 week period 

ended 25 December 2020 

• Statement of cash flows for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
• Related notes C1 to C9 to the financial statements including a summary  

• Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the 52 week period  

of significant accounting policies

ended 25 December 2020 

• Consolidated statement of cash flows for the 52 week period ended  

25 December 2020 

• Related notes 1 to 35 to the financial statements, including a summary  

of significant accounting policies 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Accounting 
Standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards to the group financial statements, 
International Financial Reporting Standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 as it applies in the European Union 
and as regards the parent company financial statements, as applied in accordance with section 408 of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion  
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial 
statements section of our report. We are independent of the group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant 
to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed public interest entities, 
and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.  

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the group and parent 
company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included the following procedures:  

• Understanding and walking through management’s process for and controls related to assessing going concern including 

discussion with management to ensure all key factors were taken into account.  

• Read and considered the directors’ going concern assessment covering the period through to 31 March 2022, including their 

assessment of the risks and impact of COVID-19, to understand the key assumptions upon which it was based and testing the 
model integrity for clerical accuracy. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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85

• As described in Notes 1 and 18 to the financial statements the company has in issue Class A Notes with an outstanding 

principal of £185,784,000 and Class B Notes with an outstanding principal of £356,402,000 that are listed on the Irish Stock 
Exchange. The terms and conditions for these notes is covered by an Issuer/Borrower Loan Agreement (‘IBLA’). We inspected 
the debt service cash requirement (‘DSCR’) definition as per the IBLA to confirm the basis of the covenant calculation. 

• Tested compliance with the EBITDA:DSCR covenant in the financial reporting period as follows: 

– Recalculated the EBITDA for the Securitisation Group and assessed whether it has been correctly calculated in accordance 

with the definition of EBITDA provided in the IBLA; 

– Agreed the DSCR to the underlying audited interest and principal repayment schedules; and   

– Recalculated the EBITDA:DSCR ratio to confirm the company is compliant with this ratio during the period and at the period 

end date. 

• Tested the forecast compliance with the EBITDA:DSCR covenant ratio as follows: 

– Agreed the DSCR to the interest and principal repayment schedules;  

– Obtained management’s forecast through 31 March 2022 which was formed using the 2021 budget as a basis and the  
2022 plan, which was presented to and approved by the Board, having given due consideration to changes in financial 
performance in respect of expected number of deaths, market share and funeral mix (between lower cost ‘simple’ and  
higher cost ‘full’ service funerals);  

– Tested the underlying assumptions and data upon which the budget and forecast were based to ensure their 

reasonableness, by; 

• assessing the accuracy of management’s historical budgeting (pre COVID-19); 

• comparing forecast deaths to independent information from the Office for National Statistics (‘ONS’); 

• assessing cost saving initiatives against management plans, considering both the timing and quantum of achievability; and 

• assessing current trading performance by inspecting the January 2021 period end management accounts and additional 
financial information available for February 2021 in addition to making inquiries of management to identify any issues 
with current trading, average incomes, funeral mix, debtor recoverability and availability of coffin stock;   

– Obtained the sensitivity testing performed in the director’s going concern assessment. We checked the calculations for 

accuracy and evaluated the underlying assumptions related to average price, market share and death rate by comparison  
to the trend in actual deaths, funeral numbers performed and revenues achieved since the COVID-19 outbreak and, where 
relevant, statistics published by the ONS;  

– Performed additional stress testing to model the impact of further severe, but plausible scenarios to assess their impact 

upon the EBITDA:DSCR covenant ratio; 

– Performed a reverse stress test to evaluate the level of downturn in performance that would result in a breach of the  

EBITDA:DSCR covenant; and 

– For mitigations modelled we assessed whether management had the ability to affect these in the time period involved. 

• Whilst not forecast in any scenario, we understood the implications of a breach of the EBITDA:DSCR covenant ratio as follows: 

– Reviewed the directors’ assessment of the implication of a breach of the covenant ratio and evaluated this assessment in the 

context of the terms of the IBLA; and 

– Assessed the completeness and accuracy of the explanation provided in note 1 to the financial statements describing the 

impact of a breach of the covenant ratio. 

• Assessed the liquidity of the group, including both its current cash resources and the availability of further facilities, should  

they be required, in order to meet the debt service payments falling due over a period through to 31 March 2022. 

• Inquired of management as to their knowledge of events or conditions beyond the period of their assessment that may  

cast significant doubt on the entity's ability to continue as a going concern and compared their response to forecast market 
conditions by the ONS, the profile of payments and covenant requirements of the IBLA and other information that could 
impact the funeral and crematoria sectors, notably the Competition and Markets Authority report issued in December 2020. 

• Assessed the going concern disclosures in the financial statements to ensure they are in accordance with the revised ISA UK 

570 going concern auditing standard. 

 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Financial statements 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, 
individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group and parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern 
from when the financial statements are authorised for issue through 31 March 2022.  

In relation to the group and parent company’s reporting on how they have applied the UK Corporate Governance Code, we have 
nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to the directors’ statement in the financial statements about whether the 
directors considered it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections 
of this report. However, because not all future events or conditions can be predicted, this statement is not a guarantee as to the 
group’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

Overview of our audit approach 

Audit scope 

• We performed an audit on the consolidated financial records of the group to the materiality and performance 

materiality described below. 

Key audit matters 

Group 
• Revenue recognition – risk of management override. 
• Carrying value of goodwill, other intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets. 
• Accounting for pre-need Trusts level 3 (illiquid) investments. 

Company 
• Carrying value of subsidiary investments. 

Materiality

• Overall group materiality of £1.2 million which represents 4.6% of underlying profit before tax (IFRS profit  
before tax, adding back net non-underlying costs (excluding the add back for amortisation of acquisition  
related intangibles)).

Key audit matters  
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not  
due to fraud) that we identified. These matters included those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the 
allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the 
context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate 
opinion on these matters. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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87

Key observations 
communicated to the  
Audit Committee

We have not identified any 
evidence of management 
override through 
inappropriate journal entries 
in respect of the amount  
of revenue recorded in  
the period.

We consider the group’s 
conclusions in respect of 
impairment of intangible  
and tangible assets are 
appropriate, and that the 
£28.7 million impairment of 
funeral segment goodwill and 
£15.3 million impairment of 
trade names are fairly stated. 
The impairment disclosures 
are in accordance with IAS 36. 

Risk

Our response to the risk

• We understood the group’s revenue recognition policies and how they are 
applied, including the relevant controls, and performed a walkthrough to 
validate our understanding; 

• In respect of the funerals and crematoria segments, which together form  

91% of the group’s underlying revenue, we analysed the whole population of 
transactions from revenue recognition through to invoice settlement. Where 
the postings did not follow our expectation, we investigated and understood 
the characteristics of these entries and tested a sample to assess their validity 
by agreeing the transactions back to source documentation; 

• We reconciled the aggregate underlying revenue amounts extracted from the 
sales invoicing systems to revenue recorded in the general ledger and traced 
material reconciling items to supporting documentation;  

• We tested journal entries posted to revenue accounts, applying parameters 

designed to identify entries that were not in accordance with our expectations. 
This included analysing and selecting journals for testing which appeared 
unusual in nature either due to size, preparer or being manually posted. To 
assess their validity, we verified the journals to originating documentation;  
• We performed detailed testing over the adjustments to revenue made as  
a result of the consolidation of the Trusts and the IFRS 15 adjustment to 
recognise revenue in respect of pre-need disbursements and those services 
performed by non-Dignity funeral directors in the period, where the group is 
acting as principal in the arrangement. This testing compared the outputs of 
management’s deferred income liability model to the journals posted; and 
• We performed analytical procedures to compare revenue recognised with 

expectations based on past experience, management’s forecasts and, where 
possible, external market data in respect of the numbers of deaths in the 
period, assessed any contrary information and obtained corroborative 
evidence to support divergences from our expectations. 

• We examined management’s methodology together with their models  

for assessing the valuation of goodwill, other intangible assets and property, 
plant and equipment balances to understand the composition of management’s 
future cash flow forecasts and the process undertaken to prepare them.  
This included confirming the underlying cash flows were derived from the 
board approved budgets and assessing the identified CGUs for completeness. 
We also re-performed the calculations in the model to test the mathematical 
integrity; 

• In comparison to the requirements of IAS 36 on impairment and giving  

due consideration to management’s business model, we understood the 
methodology applied by management in performing its impairment tests  
of goodwill and trade names for the funeral segment;  

• We tested the key inputs to management’s impairment model by: 
  – analysing the historical accuracy of budgets (pre COVID-19) to actual  

results to determine whether forecast cash flows are reliable based on  
past experience; 

  – assessing the discount rate used by obtaining the underlying data used  
in the calculation and benchmarking it against an EY range derived from 
comparable organisations and market data, involving EY internal specialists  
to assist us with this assessment; 

  – reconciling the forecast used in the CGU impairment models for 2021 and 
beyond to the scenario analysis prepared for use elsewhere in the group,  
e.g., the going concern review; and 

  – challenging whether the forecast growth rates have been appropriately 

adjusted to reflect the group’s strategy and the changes experienced in the 
funeral market, together with comparing them to observable market data. 

• We performed sensitivities on the group’s forecasts by incorporating 

reasonable possible changes in key assumptions including EBITDA growth  
rates and the discount rate and assessed the decline in headroom/change  
in impairment;  

• Where CGUs were not impaired, we calculated the degree to which the  

key inputs and assumptions would need to fluctuate before an impairment 
was triggered and considered the likelihood of this occurring; and 

• We audited the disclosures in note 9 against the requirements of IAS 36 

Impairment of Assets. 

Revenue recognition – risk of 
management override (Revenue 2020: 
£357.5 million, 2019: £338.9 million) 
Given investor focus on the Group’s 
underlying revenue (2020: £314.1 
million, 2019: £301.3 million) we 
consider there to be a risk in relation  
to the manipulation by group 
management of the amount of revenue 
recorded. Management reward and 
incentive schemes based on achieving 
profit targets may also place pressure 
on management to manipulate  
revenue recognition. 
Therefore, there is a risk that central 
management may override controls  
to intentionally misstate revenue 
transactions through inappropriate 
manual journal entries, including those 
arising from consolidation of the Trusts. 
Refer to the Accounting policies, Note 1 
and Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial 
Statements and the Audit Committee 
report (pages 58 to 61). 

Carrying value of goodwill, other 
intangible assets, property, plant and 
equipment and right-of-use assets 
(2020: £660.5 million, 2019: £624.4 
million), net of a £44.0 million 
impairment of funeral segment 
goodwill and trade names (2019: £6.8 
million impairment of trade names) 
The group has a significant value  
of goodwill, other intangible assets, 
including trade names, property plant 
and equipment and right-of-use assets 
recognised on the balance sheet.  
As outlined in the strategic report the 
group has faced a challenging year 
arising from continued changes in  
the funeral market and an increased 
number of simple (rather than full 
service) funerals due to COVID-19  
which has lowered average incomes.  
Despite the increased volumes, the 
group has experienced an overall 
decline in underlying operating profit 
from £63.3 million in 2019 to £55.7 
million in 2020.  
Therefore, there is a risk that goodwill 
and the group’s cash generating units 
(‘CGUs’), in particular the funeral services 
segment and the related trade name 
CGUs, may not achieve the anticipated 
business performance to support their 
respective carrying values. 
Judgement is required in forecasting  
the future cash flows of each CGU, 
determination of the long-term growth 
rates applied to these cash flows, 
together with the rate at which they  
are discounted.  
Refer to the Accounting policies, note 1, 
and note 9 of the Consolidated Financial 
Statements and the Audit Committee 
report (pages 58 to 61).

 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Financial statements 

Risk

Our response to the risk

• We understood the group policy in relation to financial assets held by  

the Trusts, obtained the breakdown of investments and performed the 
following procedures:  

Existence 
• For the investments held at the balance sheet date we validated the existence 
of these assets by directly obtaining confirmation from the custodians of the 
number of units held. We reconciled these to the statements that we obtained 
directly from the fund manager.  

Valuation 
• We obtained and reviewed the ISAE 3402 SOC-1 Type II report for the third 
party investment management services for the year to 30 September 2020 
with a bridging letter to 31 December 2020. This report concluded on the 
suitability of the design and operating effectiveness of controls over the 
valuation of assets held by the fund. Controls over valuation were assessed  
as effective.  

• We independently built an expectation of the valuation as at 25 December 
2020 having considered the fund monthly management accounts (directly 
obtained from the fund manager) for December 2020 and the level of 
investment units held by the Trusts as obtained directly from the asset 
custodian.  

• Our assessment involved independently calculating an expectation of the 

price at 25 December 2020, derived using an appropriate publicly available 
benchmark (considering the nature and geography of the investments in the 
fund) and by performing a variance analysis between the December 2017, 
2018 and 2019 management accounts with audited financial statements of 
the funds for the same years. We then compared this expectation with the 
actual price at 25 December 2020, as confirmed by the fund manager.  
• We reviewed the financial instruments and fair value disclosures in the  

group’s financial statements and assessed whether they met the 
requirements of IFRS 7 and IFRS 13. 

• Management tested the parent company investment in subsidiaries for 

potential impairment using a model which adjusts the value in use established 
as part of the goodwill, other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment 
impairment assessment (see analysis above) for net debt, pensions and 
cashflows and assets associated with the Trusts;  

• We tested the mathematical integrity of the calculation performed; 
• We examined management’s methodology and model for assessing the 

valuation of investments to understand the composition of management’s 
future cash flow forecasts and the process undertaken to prepare them. In 
addition to the steps noted above in respect of the value in use established  
for goodwill, other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment 
impairment assessment purposes, we vouched each of the adjustments  
made to amounts recorded elsewhere in the financial statements or 
underlying accounting records; and  

• We audited the related disclosures with reference to the requirements  

of IAS 36. 

Valuation of pre-need Trusts level 3 
(illiquid) investments (2020: £49.9 
million out of total Trust financial 
assets of £967.1 million, 2019:  
£40.1 million out of £947.5 million) 
Certain assets held by the pre-need 
Trusts require a level of estimation in 
assessing their valuation, specifically the 
private (illiquid) investment fund which 
are classed as Level 3 assets.  
The valuation of these assets is 
dependent on unobservable market 
inputs. Given there is no active market 
price for this investment, nor are the 
audited financial statements at 
December 2020 for the private (illiquid) 
investment fund available, and given the 
current volatility in the capital markets, 
there is a risk that the investment value 
recorded is inappropriate.  
Refer to the Accounting policies, note 1, 
and note 14 of the Consolidated 
Financial Statements and the Audit 
Committee report (pages 58 to 61). 

Carrying value of subsidiary 
investments (2020: £151.3 million, 
2019: £149.9 million) 
The parent company holds investments 
in subsidiaries with a significant carrying 
value.  
As at 25 December 2020, the market 
capitalisation of Dignity plc was lower 
than the net assets of the company,  
this is an indicator of impairment.  
Further, as explained above, the group 
has faced a challenging year arising 
from continued changes in the funeral 
market, COVID-19 driven increase in 
funeral volume which has been 
countered by the delivery of more 
simple as opposed to full price funerals, 
thereby reducing underlying profitability. 
Therefore, there is a risk that the 
subsidiaries may not achieve the 
anticipated business performance to 
support their respective carrying values. 
Judgement is required in forecasting  
the future cash flows of the subsidiary 
investments and the Trusts, 
determination of the long-term growth 
rates applied to these cash flows, 
together with the rate at which they  
are discounted.  
Refer to the Accounting policies, note  
C1 and Note C2 of the Parent Company 
Financial Statements and the Audit 
Committee report (pages 58 to 61).

Key observations 
communicated to the  
Audit Committee

The carrying value of the Level 
3 Trust assets is fairly stated. 
The related disclosures are in 
accordance with IFRS except 
for the omission of certain  
IFRS 13 disclosures related to 
valuation sensitivity as this 
information was not available 
to management (as explained 
in note 23). 

Based on our procedures,  
we have not identified any 
impairment in the carrying 
value of investments. 
With minimal headroom, the 
carrying value is sensitive to 
reasonable possible changes 
in key assumptions. 

In the prior period, our auditor’s report included a key audit matter in relation to the re-assessment of judgement regarding the 
extent of the group’s power over the two principal pre-need trusts, being Trust for Age UK Plans (‘Age UK’) and National Funeral 
Trust (‘NFT’), together the ‘Trusts’ resulting in consolidation and significant additional complexity to the financial statements.  
In the current period, we updated our identified risk, removing the reassessment of judgement resulting in consolidation of 
Trusts and the evaluation of the Trust liabilities on initial consolidation, but keeping unchanged the risk around the complexity  
of pre-need Trusts level 3 (illiquid) investment as shown above.

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89

An overview of the scope of our audit  

Tailoring the scope 
Our assessment of audit risk, our evaluation of materiality and performance materiality determine our audit scope. Taken together, 
this enables us to form an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. The group finance function operates from head office 
and there are common financial systems, processes and centralised controls covering all of its operations and individual operating 
locations. The audit of the group is undertaken by one audit team and the group audit has been performed on the consolidated 
financial records to the materiality and performance materiality described below.  

Our application of materiality 
We apply the concept of materiality in planning and performing the audit, in evaluating the effect of identified misstatements on the 
audit and in forming our audit opinion. 

Materiality 
The magnitude of an omission or misstatement that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence the economic 
decisions of the users of the financial statements. Materiality provides a basis for determining the nature and extent of our audit procedures. 

We determined materiality for the Group to be £1.2 million (2019: £1.5 million), which is 4.6% of underlying profit before tax  
(IFRS profit before tax, adding back net non-underlying costs (excluding the add back for amortisation of acquisition related 
intangibles)) (2019: 4.6% calculated on the same basis). 

We believe that this measure of underlying profit before tax is the most appropriate measure of the financial performance of  
the group on which to base audit materiality. In evaluating management’s adjustment to derive underlying operating profit, we 
exclude the add back of the £4.6 million amortisation of acquisition related intangibles as this is a recurring item. Further, we have 
excluded from our materiality calculation the additional net profit of £8.2 million achieved by the group as a result of the consolidation 
of the pre-need Trusts. We set materiality on a basis that is comparable with that determined in previous years and in line with how 
the trading business is operated. The exclusion of the impact of the consolidation of the pre-need trusts is consistent with how 
management prepare their underlying results and communicate financial performance to investors.  

Starting basis

• Loss before tax as reported in the financial statements – £19.6 million 

Adjustments

• Adjustment for non-underlying items (excluding acquisition related amortisation of £4.6 million) – £53.8 million 
• Exclude the profit impact of consolidation of the Trusts – £(8.2) million

Materiality

• Underlying profit before tax – £26.1 million 
• Materiality calculated at 4.6% – £1.2 million 

We determined materiality for our audit of the standalone parent company financial statements to be £4.7 million (2019: £4.6 
million), which is 1% (2019: 1%) of equity. Equity is the most appropriate measure given the parent company is an investment holding 
company with no revenue. The materiality determined for the standalone parent company financial statements exceeds the group 
materiality as it is determined on a different basis given the nature of the operations. For the purposes of the audit of the group 
financial statements, our procedures, including those on balances in the parent company, are undertaken with reference to the 
group materiality and performance materiality set out in this report. 

Performance materiality 
The application of materiality at the individual account or balance level. It is set at an amount to reduce to an appropriately low level the 
probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds materiality. 

On the basis of our risk assessments, together with our assessment of the Group’s overall control environment, our judgement was 
that performance materiality was retained at 50% (2019: 50%) of our materiality, being £0.6 million (2019: £0.8 million). 

Reporting threshold 
An amount below which identified misstatements are considered as being clearly trivial. 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all uncorrected audit differences in excess of £0.1 million (2019: 
£0.1 million), which is set at 5% of materiality (to the nearest £0.1 million), as well as differences below that threshold that, in our view, 
warranted reporting on qualitative grounds.  

We evaluate any uncorrected misstatements against both the quantitative measures of materiality discussed above and in light of 
other relevant qualitative considerations in forming our opinion. 

Other information  
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report set out on pages 1 to 83 and 156 to 164, including 
the Strategic Report set out on pages 1 to 43, Governance set out on pages 44 to 83 and Other Information set out on pages 156 to 
164, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information 
contained within the annual report. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Independent auditors’ report to the members of Dignity plc continued 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 
Financial statements 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated 
in this report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be 
materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine 
whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we 
conclude that there is a material misstatement of the other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion, the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited has been properly prepared in accordance with the 
Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial period for which the financial statements 

are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  

• the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception  
In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment obtained in the course  
of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Directors’ Report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to 
you if, in our opinion: 

• adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 

received from branches not visited by us; or 

• the parent company financial statements and the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited are not in agreement 

with the accounting records and returns; or 

• certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

• we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Corporate Governance Statement 
The Listing Rules require us to review the directors’ statement in relation to going concern, longer-term viability and that part of  
the Corporate Governance Statement relating to the group and company’s compliance with the provisions of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code specified for our review. 

Based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, we have concluded that each of the following elements of the Corporate 
Governance Statement is materially consistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained during the audit: 

• Directors’ statement with regards to the appropriateness of adopting the going concern basis of accounting and any material 

uncertainties identified set out on page 82; 

• Directors’ explanation as to its assessment of the company’s prospects, the period this assessment covers and why the period is 

appropriate set out on page 33; 

• Directors’ statement on fair, balanced and understandable set out on page 81; 

• Board’s confirmation that it has carried out a robust assessment of the emerging and principal risks set out on page 82; 

• The section of the annual report that describes the review of effectiveness of risk management and internal control systems  

set out on pages 55 and 56; and 

• The section describing the work of the audit committee set out on pages 58 to 61. 

Responsibilities of directors 
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 81, the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as  
the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group and parent company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

 
 
 
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91

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is  
a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 
responsibilities, outlined above, to detect irregularities, including fraud. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement due  
to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for 
example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion. The extent to which our procedures are capable of 
detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below. 

However, the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud rests with both those charged with governance  
of the company and management. 

• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the group and determined that the 
most significant frameworks which are directly relevant to specific assertions in the financial statements are those that relate to 
the reporting framework (IFRS, FRS 101, the Companies Act 2006 and UK Corporate Governance Code 2018) and the relevant tax 
compliance regulations in the UK. In addition, we concluded that there are certain significant laws and regulations which may have 
an effect on the determination of the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements being the Listing Rules of the UK Listing 
Authority, and those laws and regulations relating to occupational health and safety and data protection. 

• We understood how the group is complying with those frameworks by making enquiries of management, internal audit and those 
responsible for legal and compliance procedures. We corroborated our enquiries through our review of board minutes, papers 
provided to the Audit Committee and any correspondence received from regulatory bodies. 

• We assessed the susceptibility of the group’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur by 

meeting with management to understand where it considered there was susceptibility to fraud. We also considered performance 
targets and their influence on efforts made by management to manage earnings or influence the perceptions of analysts. We 
considered the programmes and controls that the group has established to address risks identified, or that otherwise prevent, 
deter and detect fraud; and how senior management monitors those programmes and controls. Where the risk was considered 
to be higher, we performed audit procedures to address each identified fraud risk. These procedures included testing manual 
journals and were designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free from material misstatements 
arising from fraud. 

• Based on this understanding we designed our audit procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and regulations.  

Our procedures involved: journal entry testing, with a focus on manual journals and journals indicating large or unusual 
transactions based on our understanding of the business; enquiries of group management, internal audit; and focused  
testing, as referred to in the key audit matters section above. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s 
website at https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Other matters we are required to address  
• Following the recommendation from the audit committee, we were appointed by the company on 13 June 2020 to audit the 

financial statements for the 52 weeks ended 25 December 2020 and subsequent financial periods.  

• The period of total uninterrupted engagement including previous renewals and reappointments is seven years, covering the 

periods ending 26 December 2014 to 25 December 2020. 

• The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the group or the parent company and we 

remain independent of the group and the parent company in conducting the audit.  

• The audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee. 

Use of our report 
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to 
state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed. 

Adrian Roberts (Senior statutory auditor) 
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Birmingham 
17 March 2021 

Notes: 
1. The maintenance and integrity of the Dignity plc website is the responsibility of the directors; the work carried out by the auditors does not involve consideration of these matters 

and, accordingly, the auditors accept no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements since they were initially presented on the website. 

2. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

 
 92

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Consolidated income statement 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

Revenue
Cost of sales

Gross profit
Administrative expenses

Operating profit
Finance costs
Finance income
Share of loss and impairment in respect of associated undertakings
Deferred revenue significant financing
Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income

(Loss)/profit before tax
Taxation

(Loss)/profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders

(Loss)/earnings per share for profit attributable to equity shareholders
– Basic (pence)
– Diluted (pence)

52 week period
ended
25 December
2020

£m

357.5
(177.3)  

180.2
(164.3)  

15.9
(29.8)  
0.1
–
(53.1)  
47.3

(19.6)  
(5.9)  

(25.5)  

52 week period
ended
27 December
2019
restated
£m

338.9
(161.7)  

177.2
(132.4)  

44.8
(25.8)  
0.2
(6.0)  
(54.1)  
85.0

44.1
(13.5)  

30.6

(51.0)p
(51.0)p

61.2p
61.2p

Note

3

3

4

4

12

4

4

5

6

3

8

8

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to a prior year adjustment in relation to taxation. See page 96 for further details.

The results for the 52 week period to 25 December 2020 reflect the impact of adopting IFRS 16, Leases. Comparatives in respect 
of the 2019 reporting periods have not been restated in this respect as permitted under the specific transition provisions of the 
standard. See note 35 for details.

The alternative performance measures included within the Annual Report present information on a comparable basis with that 
presented in prior periods.

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020

(Loss)/profit for the period
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
Remeasurement loss on retirement benefit obligations
Tax credit on remeasurement on retirement benefit obligations
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax rate

Other comprehensive loss

Comprehensive (loss)/income for the period

Attributable to:
Equity shareholders of the parent

52 week period
ended
25 December
2020

Note

£m

52 week period
ended
27 December
2019
restated
£m

29

6

6

(25.5)  

(11.7)  
2.2
0.5

(9.0)  

(34.5)  

30.6

(1.8)  
0.3
–

(1.5)  

29.1

(34.5)  

29.1

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to a prior year adjustment in relation to taxation. See page 96 for further details.

The results for the 52 week period to 25 December 2020 reflect the impact of adopting IFRS 16, Leases. Comparatives in respect 
of the 2019 reporting periods have not been restated in this respect as permitted under the specific transition provisions of the 
standard. See note 35 for details.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated balance sheet 
as at 25 December 2020

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 93

Assets
Non-current assets
Goodwill
Intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use asset
Financial and other assets
Financial assets held by the Trusts
Deferred commissions
Deferred tax asset

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Deferred commissions

Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group
Cash and cash equivalents – held by the Trusts

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities
Current liabilities
Financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
Lease liabilities
Current tax liabilities
Contract liabilities
Provisions for liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Financial liabilities
Other non-current liabilities
Lease liabilities
Contract liabilities
Provisions for liabilities
Retirement benefit obligation

Total liabilities

Shareholders’ deficit
Ordinary share capital
Share premium account
Capital redemption reserve
Other reserves
Retained earnings

Total deficit

Total deficit and liabilities

25 December
2020

Note

£m

27 December
2019
restated
£m

9

9

10

11

13

14

20

22

15

16

20

17

18

19

18

20

21

18

19

18

20

21

29

24

203.9
120.5
240.9
95.2
10.7
967.1
101.3
20.3

232.6
140.5
251.3
–
18.2
947.5
96.8
14.0

1,759.9

1,700.9

9.0
30.0
7.6

73.6
21.6

95.2

7.9
32.4
7.3

57.9
15.5

73.4

141.8

1,901.7

121.0

1,821.9

15.1
68.7
7.3
8.7
95.5
2.4

9.6
61.6
–
6.0
95.5
2.0

197.7

174.7

526.6
2.1
81.2
1,222.0
9.5
36.6

1,878.0

2,075.7

6.2
12.7
141.7

(3.0)  
(331.6)  

(174.0)  

542.3
2.0
–
1,209.1
9.3
26.0

1,788.7

1,963.4

6.2
12.5
141.7
(4.0)  
(297.9)  

(141.5)  

1,901.7

1,821.9

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to a prior year adjustment in relation to taxation. See page 96 for further details.

The balance sheet as at 25 December 2020 reflects the impact of adopting IFRS 16, Leases. Comparatives in respect of the 2019 reporting 
periods have not been restated in this respect as permitted under the specific transition provisions of the standard. See note 35 for details.

The alternative performance measures included within the Group’s consolidated financial statements present information on a comparable basis.

The financial statements on pages 92 to 143 were approved by the Board of Directors on 17 March 2021 and were signed on its behalf by:

C P Whiley, Executive Chairman  D R Moore, Interim Chief Financial Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 94

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

Ordinary
share
capital
£m

6.2
–

Share
premium
account
£m

12.4
–

Capital
redemption
reserve
£m

141.7
–

Other
reserves
£m

(5.1)  
–

Retained 
earnings
£m

(319.1)  
34.9

Shareholders’ equity as at 28 December 2018 
Profit for the 52 weeks ended 27 December 2019 – 

as originally presented

Impact of corporate interest restriction 
disallowance – prior year adjustment

Remeasurement loss on retirement benefit 

obligations

Tax on retirement benefit obligations

Total comprehensive income – restated
Effects of employee share options 
Tax on employee share options
Proceeds from share issue(1)
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust
Dividends (note 7)

–

–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–

–
–
–
0.1
–
–

–

–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

Shareholders’ equity as at 27 December 2019 – 

6.2

12.5

141.7

restated

Adjustment on initial application of IFRS 16 on 

28 December 2019 (note 35)

Loss for the 52 weeks ended 25 December 2020
Remeasurement loss on retirement benefit 

obligations

Tax on retirement benefit obligations
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK 

tax rate

Total comprehensive loss
Effects of employee share options 
Proceeds from share issue(2)
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust

–

–
–

–
–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–

–
–

–
–
0.2
–

–

–
–

–
–

–
–
–
–

Total
equity
£m

(163.9)  
34.9

(4.3)  

(1.8)  

0.3

29.1
1.1
0.1
0.1
(0.1)  
(7.9)  

(4.3)  

(1.8)  

0.3

29.1
–
–
–
–
(7.9)  

(297.9)  

(141.5)  

0.8

(25.5)  
(11.7)  

2.2
0.5

(33.7)  
–
–
–

0.8

(25.5)  
(11.7)  

2.2
0.5

(33.7)  
1.2
0.2
(0.2)  

–

–

–

–
1.1
0.1
–
(0.1)  
–

(4.0)  

–

–
–

–
–

–
1.2
–
(0.2)  

Shareholders’ equity as at 25 December 2020

6.2

12.7

141.7

(3.0)  

(331.6)  

(174.0)  

(1)  Relating to issue of 3,455 shares under 2016 DAB scheme. 

(2)  Relating to issue of 7,745 shares under 2017 DAB scheme and 344 issued under the 2019 SAYE scheme. 

Prior year comparatives have been restated due to a prior year adjustment in relation to taxation. See page 96 for further details. 

The results for the 52 week period to 25 December 2020 reflect the impact of adopting IFRS 16, Leases. Comparatives in respect 
of the 2019 reporting periods have not been restated in this respect as permitted under the specific transition provisions of the 
standard. See note 35 for details.

The above amounts relate to transactions with owners of the Company except for the items reported within total 
comprehensive income.

Capital redemption reserve
The capital redemption reserve represents £80,002,465 B Shares that were issued on 2 August 2006 and redeemed for cash 
on the same day, £19,274,610 B Shares that were issued on 10 October 2010 and redeemed for cash on 11 October 2010, 
£22,263,112 B Shares that were issued on 12 August 2013 and redeemed for cash on 20 August 2013 and £20,154,070 B Shares 
that were issued and redeemed for cash in November 2014. 

Other reserves
Other reserves includes movements relating to the Group’s SAYE and LTIP schemes and associated deferred tax, together with 
a £12.3 million merger reserve.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 95

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations
Finance income received

Finance costs paid
Transfer from restricted bank accounts for finance costs
Payments to restricted bank accounts for finance costs

Total payments in respect of finance costs
Tax paid

Net cash generated from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

Maintenance capital expenditure(1)
Branch relocations
Transformation capital expenditure
Satellite locations
Development of new crematoria and cemeteries

Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
Purchase of financial assets (by the Trusts)
Disposals of financial assets (by the Trusts)
Realised return on financial assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Payments due under Secured Notes
Transfer from restricted bank accounts for repayment of borrowings
Payments to restricted bank accounts for repayment of borrowings

Total payments in respect of borrowings
Principal and interest elements of lease payments
Dividends paid to shareholders on Ordinary Shares

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 
Restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period as reported in the 

consolidated balance sheet

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended
27 December
2019
£m

62.7
0.1

(24.5)  
12.1
(12.0)  

(24.4)  
(6.9)  

31.5

1.1

(9.1)  
(0.5)  
(0.2)  
–
(1.3)  

(11.1)  
(778.1)  
796.8
3.8

12.5

(9.6)  
4.8
(4.9)  

(9.7)  
(12.5)  

–

(22.2)  

21.8

56.5

78.3
16.9

95.2

64.6
0.3

 (25.0)  
12.3
(12.1)  

(24.8)  
(7.9)  

32.2

2.1

(9.8)  
(1.1)  
(1.7)  
(0.3)  
(5.4)  

(18.3)  
(736.1)  
726.6
3.6

(22.1)  

(9.3)  
4.6
(4.8)  

(9.5)  
–
(7.9)  

(17.4)  

(7.3)  

63.8

56.5
16.9

73.4

Note

27

17

14

14

17

7

17

17

17

(1)  Maintenance capital expenditure includes vehicle replacement programme, improvements to locations and purchases of other tangible and intangible assets.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 96

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements 
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

1 Accounting policies

The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have 
been consistently applied to all periods presented, unless otherwise stated.

Basis of preparation
European law requires that the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020 are 
prepared in accordance with all applicable International Financial Reporting Standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 
1606/2002 as it applied in the European Union. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

In the current period, the Group’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week period ended 
25 December 2020. For the comparative period, the Group’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared for the 
52 week period ended 27 December 2019.

The Group’s consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and have been prepared under the 
historical cost convention.

Preparation of financial statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards requires management to 
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. This will also affect the disclosure of 
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses 
during the reported period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Terminology:
Trusts refers to The National Funeral Trust and the Trust for Age UK Funeral Plans considered for accounting purposes to be 
controlled and therefore included in the consolidated financial statements of Dignity plc.

Trading Group refers to Dignity plc and its subsidiaries excluding the Trusts. Trading Group therefore represents what would 
have been described as the ‘Dignity plc Group’ or ‘Group’ in Annual Reports prior to 2019.

Group or Dignity plc Group refers to Dignity plc, including its subsidiaries and the Trusts.

Basis of consolidation
The financial statements are presented in the form of Group financial statements. The Group financial statements consolidate 
the accounts of the Company and the entities controlled by the Company (including all of its subsidiary entities) after eliminating 
internal transactions. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with 
the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. 

Results of subsidiary undertakings acquired during a period are included from the effective date of control using the acquisition 
method of accounting. The separable net assets, both tangible and intangible, of newly acquired subsidiary undertakings are 
incorporated into the financial statements on the basis of the fair value to the Group as at the effective date of control.

Prior year restatement
Following the finalisation of the Group’s 2019 corporation tax returns for its subsidiary undertakings and the corresponding 
detailed Group corporate interest restriction return it became apparent that the interaction of the consolidation of the Trusts 
and the application of the complex tax provisions relating to the level of interest deductibility within the Group had been 
understated and consequently the 2019 financial statements were misstated. Due to an increased amount of disallowed interest 
expense arising predominately from the inclusion of realised and unrealised fair value movements on the bond investments 
within the Trust consolidation a prior year adjustment has been booked due to the magnitude of the disallowance. The Group 
has therefore restated its consolidated financial statements for 2019. There is no impact on any further previous accounting 
periods. The restatement increases the tax charge by £4.3 million with a corresponding increase in the Group’s current tax 
liabilities by £4.3 million. Accordingly, retained earnings as at 27 December 2019 have reduced by £4.3 million and statutory EPS 
has also been restated to 61.2p. A deferred tax asset cannot be recognised in this respect as it is not considered probable that 
the Group will be able to access the disallowed interest amounts under the corporate interest restriction rules in the 
foreseeable future.

Going concern 
The key factors which impact the Group’s financial performance are death rate, market share, mix and average revenue per 
funeral. As this Annual Report describes, during the COVID-19 pandemic, whilst the death rate in the UK has sadly increased and 
the Group’s market share remained broadly stable, both the average revenue received per funeral and the revenue received for 
memorial sales has declined. Whilst not back to pre-pandemic levels, following the adaptation of limousines and application of 
other protective measures for our colleagues and customers, the take up of full service funerals compared to simple funerals 
has increased to approximately 68:32 in the fourth quarter compared to 54:46 in the second quarter. This has resulted in the 
recovery of average revenues through 2020 to close the year (and start 2021) at approximately 94 per cent of those achieved 
prior to the start of COVID-19. The Group has also taken prudent action to manage costs, where appropriate, to protect its 
position in terms of ensuring sufficient headroom on both profitability and liquidity measures.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 97

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Going concern (continued)
The impact on 2021 revenue and profitability will depend in part on various factors outside of the Group’s control, such as the 
number of deaths in the UK and the length of time social distancing measures continue to be in place. 

The financial performance of the Group and the Securitisation Group has been forecast and those forecasts have been 
subjected to a number of sensitivities. These forecasts reflect an assessment of current and future market conditions and their 
impact on the future profitability of the Group and the Securitised Group. The forecasts reflect recovery at the beginning of 2022.

When considering the going concern assumption, the Directors of the Group have reviewed the principal risks within the 
environment in which it operates and have prepared relevant sensitised scenarios, these include:

•  Prolonged period of social distancing restrictions which may serve to keep the mix and average revenue per funeral lower for 

a sustained period; and

•  A significant reduction in the number of deaths.

In all base scenarios modelled, the Group is forecast to have sufficient liquidity and meet its debt service cover ratio (‘DSCR’) in 
the period assessed through to 31 March 2022.

To provide further consideration of going concern, the Directors also considered what would happen in an ongoing scenario of 
reduced profitability significantly below management’s forecasts, such as a significant reduction in the market share or average 
revenues (the year to date analysis through February 2021 does not indicate the likelihood of such a scenario). In such a 
scenario, the Securitised Group may not meet its DSCR covenant requirements before the consideration of additional mitigating 
activities such as reducing controllable spend. Under the terms of the Securitised Group’s borrowings, the Securitised Group is 
required to maintain a DSCR of at least 1.5 times (see note 26), measured on a rolling 12 month basis every quarter. However, 
a breach of the covenant does not give rise to an immediate requirement to repay the associated borrowings. Rather, such a 
breach results in a requirement for the bond trustees to appoint a financial adviser who will review the financial and operational 
circumstances of the Securitised Group prior to making recommendations as to how the breach can be resolved. Notwithstanding 
this, given the current cash on hand and facilities available to it, the Securitised Group (as supported by the Company) would 
have sufficient liquid resources to make all required debt service payments for a period through to 31 March 2022. 

Having considered all the above the Directors remain confident in the long-term future prospects for the Group and its ability to 
continue as a going concern for the foreseeable future and for a period through to 31 March 2022 and therefore continue to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Annual Report.

Alternative performance measures (‘APMs’) 
The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, APMs 
are necessary to enable users of the financial statements to fully understand the trading performance and financial position of 
the Group. The APM’s provided are aligned with those used in the day-to-day management of the Group and allow for greater 
comparability across periods. For this reason, the APM’s provided exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts and the 
changes which relate to the application of IFRS 15 and adoption of IFRS 16, all of which are considered to mask the underlying 
trading performance of the Group, as well as non-underlying items comprising certain non-recurring and non-trading 
transactions. See Financial Review on pages 23 and 24 and alternative performance measures on pages 156 and 157 for 
further information. 

Investments in associated undertakings
An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the 
financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but it is not control or joint control over those policies. 

The Group’s investment in an associate is accounted for using the equity method. The investment is initially recorded at cost and 
the carrying amount is adjusted to recognise changes in the Group’s share of net assets of the associate since the acquisition 
date. Goodwill relating to the associate is included in the carrying amount of the investment. The consolidated income statement 
reflects the Group’s share of the results of the associate. 

The financial statements of the associate are prepared for the same reporting period as the Group. The Group aligns accounting 
policies and makes adjustments where necessary prior to recognising their share in the financial statements.

At each reporting date the Group performs a review to assess whether there is any objective evidence that the investment in 
the associate is impaired. Where such evidence exists the recoverable amount of the investment is determined by calculating 
its value-in-use. This recoverable amount is compared to the carrying amount of the investment and to the extent that the 
recoverable amount exceeds the carrying value of the investment, an impairment is recognised accordingly. Any impairment is 
recognised within ‘Share of loss and impairment in respect of associated undertakings’ in the consolidated income statement. 

 98

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Revenue
At-need funerals and cremations
Revenue from funeral operations related to at-need funerals comprises the amount recoverable from clients for the provision 
of funerals, income from crematoria and other services, once those services have been performed or the goods supplied. 

Income from memorial sales is recognised at the point of sale, to the extent that the goods have been supplied. Costs of 
maintaining memorials are recognised as incurred.

The Group pays certain disbursements (such as crematoria fees, burial plots, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees) on behalf of its 
clients. These amounts are recovered as part of the invoicing process. However, these amounts are not included within net 
revenues as they are simply passed on to the clients (plan holder) at cost and not controlled by Dignity.

All amounts are exclusive of VAT.

Pre-arranged funeral plans 
Trust for Age UK Plans and National Funeral Trust 
The Group markets and sells pre-arranged funeral plans, with monies received from selling funeral plans being held, invested 
and controlled by the Trusts. The responsibility for the ultimate performance of funerals is allocated to funeral directors, who 
are selected by the beneficiary of the plan, some of whom are not owned by the Group. The sale of a pre-arranged plan is 
considered to have a single performance obligation, fulfilled by the delivery of the funeral service. 

Amounts received from plan holders are deferred on the balance sheet within contract liabilities until the related funeral is 
performed or the plan cancelled. Where, based on historic experience, the Group expects that a proportion of plans will be 
cancelled, the deferral takes the form of a refund liability which, under the terms of the plan, is held based on the fixed amount 
received on inception of the plan if a single payer or on each individual instalment received. For the majority of plans where the 
service as per the funeral plan is expected to be performed, the deferred amount is subject to adjustment to reflect a significant 
financing component. 

This significant financing component, which has been calculated based on the expected discount rate that would be reflected 
in a separate financing transaction between the Group and the plan holder at contract inception, is charged to the income 
statement as a finance cost each period until the performance obligation is satisfied. The discount rate applied is fixed for the 
duration of each plan at inception and is based on the estimated incremental borrowing rate of the Group at the time of each 
cash flow. 

The amount deferred on the balance sheet includes amounts paid by the plan holder, which, in addition to the plan 
consideration includes amounts in respect of disbursements (such as crematoria fees, burial plots, ministers’ fees and doctors’ 
fees). When the service prescribed by the plan is delivered, revenue is recognised equal to the deferred revenue balance related 
to the specific plan. When a plan is cancelled, revenue is recognised equal to the deferred revenue balance related to the specific 
plan, less the fixed refund due to the plan holder. 

As the only directly attributable costs in respect of the marketing of the pre-arranged funeral plans are commission payments, 
these are held as deferred commissions in the consolidated balance sheet and recognised in the Group’s consolidated income 
statement, within administration expenses, on the performance of a funeral (single performance obligation) or cancellation of 
the plan (if outside of a clawback period). 

Contract liabilities and deferred commissions balances are split between current and non-current based on historical experience. 

All costs in respect of the administration of the pre-arranged funeral plans are expensed in the Group’s consolidated income 
statement as incurred, within the funeral services segment.

Dignity, through its marketing subsidiary companies, contractually guarantees with the holder of a pre-arranged funeral plan 
that (i) if the plan holder chooses to cancel their selected funeral plan, a full refund will be made to them of all monies paid in 
respect thereof (less in certain cases an administration fee payable to the relevant Dignity marketing company); (ii) the funeral 
director’s services (as selected by the plan holder) will be provided regardless of price rises in the future; and (iii) for the majority 
of plans sold, specific disbursements (such as crematoria fees, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees) will be provided regardless of 
price rises in the future.

Other trust plans
Revenue in respect of funeral services subject to pre-need plan arrangements associated with the other trusts is recognised on 
delivery of the underlying service at the amount paid from the other trusts to the Group.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 99

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Insurance plans
The Group is the named beneficiary on a number of life assurance products sold by third party insurance companies, in 
consideration for which the Group has committed to performing the funeral (including some disbursements) of the plan holder 
at a discount to its rates prevailing at the time of death.

Where a commission is paid to the insurers, these costs are carried as a prepayment and charged to the consolidated income 
statement as a funeral is performed. 

Where a commission is payable only on delivery of the funeral no amounts are recorded until the funeral is performed.

In the event of the death of the policyholder, if the Group performs the funeral, it receives an agreed amount from the insurers 
which is recognised as revenue within the funeral services division. On occasions a third party will perform the funeral and the 
Group will pass on all monies received to that party and in this situation the Group is deemed to be acting as an agent and 
revenue is treated as pass through revenue and not grossed up within the consolidated income statement.

Share-based payments
The Group issues equity settled share-based payments to certain employees. A fair value for the equity settled share awards is 
measured at the date of grant. Management measures the fair value using the valuation technique that they consider to be the 
most appropriate to value each class of award, which include Black-Scholes calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. The 
valuations take into account factors such as non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations.

An expense is recognised to spread the fair value of each award over the vesting period on a straight line basis, after allowing for 
an estimate of the share awards that will eventually not vest. The estimate of the level of vesting is reviewed at least annually, 
with any impact on the cumulative charge being recognised immediately. When the options are exercised the Company issues 
new shares.

Earnings per Ordinary Share
Basic Earnings per Ordinary Share (‘EPS’) is calculated by dividing the profit after taxation by the weighted average number of 
shares in issue during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing profit after taxation by the weighted average number of 
shares in issue during the period increased by the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary Shares (primarily share options). 
Underlying Earnings per Ordinary Share is calculated by dividing the underlying profit after tax by the weighted average number 
of shares in issue during the period.

Fair value measurement
The Group measures financial assets held by the Trusts at fair value and discloses fair values for all other financial assets and 
liabilities at each balance sheet date which are held at amortised cost. 

Fair value related disclosures are set out in note 23 in respect of financial instruments.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability measured using the assumptions that 
market participants would use. 

The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available to 
measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and where required the use of unobservable inputs. 

Intangible assets – goodwill
Goodwill, which represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration paid for subsidiaries and other businesses over the 
fair values of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed, is capitalised and stated at historical cost less provisions for 
impairment.

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purpose of impairment testing. The businesses and subsidiaries acquired 
are generally combined with existing operations in the year of acquisition, or the year thereafter and are therefore only 
considered to be separate cash-generating units during this time.

Intangible assets – trade names 
Intangible trade names are recognised as assets at the estimated fair value of the consideration paid to acquire them and are 
carried at historical cost less amortisation and provisions for impairment. When acquired as part of a business combination the 
fair value is calculated by reference to the estimated incremental cash flows expected to arise by virtue of the trade name being 
well-established.

Amortisation is provided from the date of acquisition so as to write-off the asset on a straight line basis over the term of its 
useful life. The useful life for trade names is 35 years. 

 100

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Intangible assets – software
Where computer software is not an integral part of a related item of computer hardware, the software is treated as an intangible 
asset. Acquired computer software licences are capitalised on the basis of costs incurred to acquire and bring into use the 
specific software.

An internally generated intangible asset arising from the Group’s development of computer systems (including websites) is 
recognised if, and only if, the costs are directly associated with the production of identifiable and unique software products, 
controlled by the Group and it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Group. 

Costs recognised as assets are amortised over their estimated useful lives (three to eight years) using the straight line method.

Intangible assets – use of third party brand name
The Group has a marketing agreement with Age UK Enterprises Limited, giving rights to market pre-arranged funeral plans 
under the Age UK brand. The value of this right has been recognised as a separate intangible asset.

This asset is being amortised over 20 years on a straight line basis, recognising that each year’s additional marketing activity 
generates incremental revenues and profits to the Group for at least the following 20 years.

Intangible assets – other
The Group previously acquired interests in two crematoria subject to finite periods of operation (by way of lease and/or service 
concession). The fair value of these interests has been identified and recognised as a separate intangible asset. The value of each 
interest is being amortised over the remaining period of operation.

Property, plant and equipment 
Assets are recorded in the balance sheet at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recognised impairment loss. Cost 
includes, where appropriate, directly attributable costs incurred in bringing each asset to its present location and condition.

Depreciation is charged so as to write-off the cost of assets to their residual value (excluding freehold land and assets in the 
course of construction), over their expected useful lives using the straight line method. The bases and annual depreciation rates 
in use for the various classes of assets are as follows:

Freehold and long leasehold buildings
Short leasehold buildings
Motor vehicles
Computers
Other plant and equipment
Fixtures and fittings

 2% – 10% 
Over term of lease
7% – 20%
20% 
5% – 33% 
15%

Freehold land is not depreciated on the basis that land has an indefinite life. Where the historical cost of land and buildings 
cannot be split, the Directors have estimated that the historical cost attributable to land is one third (based on historical data) of 
the original cost of acquiring the land and buildings. This estimate is regularly reviewed.

Major renovations of the Group’s trading premises and cremator re-linings are depreciated over the remaining life of the related 
asset or to the estimated date of the next major renovation or cremator re-lining, whichever is sooner. Asset lives and residual 
values for each class of asset are reviewed annually and adjusted if appropriate at each balance sheet date.

Assets in the course of construction are shown as work in progress at a value equal to costs incurred to date. Once completed, 
they are reclassified and depreciated using the Group’s depreciation policy above.

Borrowing costs
If the construction phase of property, plant or equipment extends over a long period, the interest incurred on borrowed capital 
up to the date of completion is capitalised as part of cost of construction as permitted by IAS 23 (Borrowing Costs).

Repairs and renewals
All repairs and renewals are charged to the income statement unless they represent an enhancement to the original asset.

Profit (or loss) on sale of fixed assets
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised within 
profit (or loss) on sale of fixed assets in the income statement.

 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 101

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Property, plant and equipment held under leases (accounting policy applied pre 28 December 2019)
When assets are financed by leasing agreements, where the risks and rewards are substantially transferred to the Group, the 
assets are treated as if they had been purchased outright and the corresponding liability to the lessor is included as an obligation 
under finance leases. Depreciation on leased assets is charged to the income statement on the same basis as owned assets. 
Leasing payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements such that the interest element is charged to the 
income statement so as to achieve a constant rate on the outstanding lease obligation.

All other leases are ‘operating leases’ and the relevant annual rentals, net of any incentives received from the lessor, are charged 
to the income statement on a straight line basis over the period of the lease. 

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities (accounting policy applied from 28 December 2019)
At inception of a contract the Group assesses whether the contract is or contains a lease. A lease is present where the contract 
conveys, over a period of time, the right to control the use of an identified asset in exchange for consideration.

Where a lease is identified the Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability, except for short-term 
leases (defined as leases with a lease term of 12 months or less), leases of low-value assets (defined as leases with rentals below 
£1,000 per annum) and leases with contingent rentals. 

Right-of-use assets
The Group recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease and comprise the initial measurement of the 
corresponding lease liability and any initial direct costs. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation 
and impairment losses.

The right-of-use asset is presented as a separate line in the consolidated balance sheet. 

Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of its estimated useful life and the lease term. 
Right-of-use assets are subject to impairment under IAS 36. 

Lease liabilities
At the commencement date of the lease, the Group recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments 
to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments) less any 
lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under 
residual value guarantees. The variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as expense in 
the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Group uses the incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement 
date. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced 
for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a 
change in the lease term, a change in the in-substance fixed lease payments or a change in the assessment to purchase the 
underlying asset.

The lease liability is presented as a separate line in the consolidated balance sheet, split between current and non-current 
liabilities. 

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Group applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases (defined as leases with a lease term of 
12 months or less). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases that are considered of low-value 
(defined as leases with rentals below £1,000 per annum). Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets 
are recognised as operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Impairment of assets
The carrying values of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment in periods where 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Assets that have an indefinite useful 
life (e.g. goodwill) which are not subject to amortisation are tested annually for impairment. 

Where an asset does not generate cash flows that are independent from other assets, the Group estimates the recoverable 
amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. For goodwill this is considered at a business segment level as 
that is the level at which the return on assets acquired is monitored. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs 
to sell and value-in-use. In assessing value-in-use, the estimated future discounted cash flows of the cash-generating unit are 
estimated, based on latest management expectations for the following year and an annual growth rate in subsequent years. 
These cash flows are discounted at rates that management estimate to be the risk affected average cost of capital for the 
particular segment and compared to the carrying value of the relevant asset. Any impairment in the value of an asset below its 
carrying value is charged to the income statement within operating profit. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in the 
income statement to the extent that the original loss was recognised, net of the amortisation or depreciation that would have 
been charged. Any impairment loss recognised for goodwill will not be reversed. 

 102

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Inventories
Inventories, which comprise funeral supplies and monumental masonry, are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. 
Cost includes all directly attributable costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition. Net realisable 
value is based on estimated selling price less any further costs expected to be incurred in completion and sale. The cost of PPE 
inventory is calculated using average costing. 

Taxation
The tax charge for the period includes the charge for tax currently payable and deferred tax. The current tax charge represents 
the estimated amount due that arises from the operations of the Group in the period and after making adjustments to 
estimates in respect of prior years. 

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial 
statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, except where the temporary difference 
arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a 
transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset to 
generate a net asset or liability if the conditions of IAS 12 are met.

A net deferred tax asset is regarded as recoverable and therefore recognised only when, on the basis of all available evidence, 
it can be regarded as more likely than not that there will be suitable taxable profits from which the future reversal of the 
deductible temporary difference can be utilised.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which the temporary differences are 
expected to reverse, based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted, by the balance sheet date. 

Pensions 
The liability recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined 
benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated 
annually by independent actuaries. 

The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using 
interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension 
obligation. 

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or 
credited to retained earnings in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments, curtailments or one off 
adjustments such as GMP equalisation are recognised immediately in the consolidated income statement as a past service cost. 

Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, where it is 
probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and where a reliable estimate can be made 
of the amount of the obligation.

Provisions (other than deferred tax) are discounted where the present value of the provision is materially different to the 
undiscounted value. The unwinding of discounts is included within finance costs.

Employee share trust 
The assets of the employee share trust are held by a separate limited company, of which the Directors consider that Dignity plc 
has de facto control. At the balance sheet date, the trust’s assets and liabilities recognised in the Group’s balance sheet within 
share capital and reserves were nil (2019: nil).

Dividends
Dividend distributions to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the financial statements in the period in 
which they are approved by the Company’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recorded in the financial statements when paid.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 103

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Financial instruments: 

Financial liabilities 
Borrowings
All borrowings are stated at the fair value of consideration received after deduction of transaction costs and subsequently at 
amortised cost. The transaction costs, interest payable and premium on debt finance are charged/credited to the consolidated 
income statement, as finance costs/income, on a constant-yield basis over the term of the borrowings, or over a shorter period 
where it is more likely than not that the lender will require earlier repayment, using the effective interest method.

Trade payables
Trade payables are not interest bearing and are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost.

Financial assets
Financial assets are classified at initial recognition and subsequently measured at amortised cost at fair value through other 
comprehensive income or fair value through profit and loss.

Initial recognition & measurement 
The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset’s contractual cash flow characteristics 
and the Group’s business model for managing them. 

All investments held by the Trusts are held at fair value with movements reflected through profit and loss to ensure clarity for a 
user of the financial statements. This is because the Trusts objective of holding these investments is not to collect contractual cash 
flows or to sell financial assets but to focus on the fair value information to assess performance and make investment decisions. 

All other financial assets (including trade receivables) are held at amortised cost as these assets give rise to cash flows that are 
solely payments of principal and, where applicable, interest on the principal amount and it is the Group’s business model to 
collect the contractual cash flows. 

The majority of the Group’s trade receivables do not contain a significant financing component and are measured at the 
transaction price determined under IFRS 15.

Subsequent measurement
Financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss are carried in the consolidated balance sheet at fair value with net 
changes in fair value recognised in the income statement.

Financial assets held at amortised cost are subsequently measured using the effective interest (‘EIR’) method and are subject to 
impairment. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised, modified or impaired.

Derecognition
A financial asset is derecognised when the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Group has transferred 
its rights to receive cash flows from the asset and has either transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset or has 
neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risk and rewards of the asset but has transferred control of the asset.

Impairment
The Group recognises an allowance for expected credit losses (‘ECLs’) for all debt instruments not held at fair value through 
profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all 
the cash flows that the Group expects to receive. 

For trade receivables, the Group applies a simplified approach in calculating ECLs. Therefore, the Group does not track changes 
in credit risk, but instead recognises a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date. The Group has established a 
provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experience, adjusted for identifiable forward-looking factors specific to 
the debtors and the economic environment.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and on demand deposits and amounts included in accounts restricted for 
specific uses. Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and on demand deposits and amounts included in accounts 
restricted for specific uses. Cash and cash equivalents have an original maturity of three months or less, are subject to 
insignificant changes in value and are readily convertible into known amounts.

Trade receivables 
Trade and other receivables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost. A provision for 
impairment is established based on historical experience. When a trade receivable is not collectable it is written-off against the 
allowance account. Subsequent recovery of amounts previously written-off are credited against administrative expenses in the 
income statement.

 104

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its 
liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct transaction costs. 

Critical accounting judgements 
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates, assumptions and 
judgements in certain circumstances that affect reported amounts. The key judgements affecting the financial statements are 
detailed below:
Consolidation of pre-need trusts
The Group markets and sells pre-arranged funeral plans, with monies received from selling funeral plans being held and 
invested by pre-arranged funeral plan trusts. These financial statements reflect the consolidation of the two principal 
pre-arranged funeral plan trusts being the Trust for Age UK Plans and the National Funeral Trust (together the ‘Trusts’). 

IFRS 10 is built on existing principles by identifying the concept of control as the determining factor on whether an entity should 
be included in the consolidated financial statements of the parent company. In order to have control, IFRS 10 requires a parent 
company to have power over the investee, an exposure to variable returns because of its involvement in the investee and the 
ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the variable returns.

The decision as to whether to consolidate these trusts is a matter of significant judgement in respect of which the Group believes 
that informed individuals could reach alternative conclusions. The Group concluded as part of its 2019 period end that more 
weight should be attributed to its ability to appoint and remove trustees and less to the legislative requirement for a majority of 
trustees to be unconnected with Dignity. As a result, the Group reached a judgement, the basis of which is summarised below, 
that it does have control as defined by IFRS 10 and therefore those pre-arranged funeral plan trusts where it has the ability to 
appoint and remove trustees are now consolidated.

Whether to consolidate the Trusts or not remains a key judgement and the basis of this judgement reflected in these financial 
statements is summarised in the table below. The table relates solely to the two principal trusts which are consolidated and for 
the purpose of the table, ‘Dignity’ refers to the Group excluding the Trusts.

IFRS 10 consideration
Power over the investee. Power arises when 
the investor has existing rights that give them 
the ability to direct the relevant activities of the 
investee, being those activities which influence the 
returns achieved by the investee.

Analysis
Whilst Dignity has no voting rights over the Trusts or any rights to direct 
the activities of the Trusts, it does have the power to appoint and remove 
a majority of trustees. Whilst legislation requires the majority of trustees to 
be unconnected with Dignity this right does not prevent Dignity removing 
a majority of the Trustees from office such that on balance it is considered 
that Dignity is able to control the actions of the Trustees who in turn control 
the investment decisions of the Trusts and negotiate with Dignity the 
marketing allowance paid to Dignity on behalf of the Trust. Also, Dignity 
controls the charge levied to the Trusts for the provision of funeral services 
(‘funeral cover’).

The investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable 
returns from its involvement with the investee.

Dignity receives an allowance for the marketing of the plans and for the 
performance of a funeral. From time to time Dignity may receive a surplus 
from the Trusts.

The investor has the ability to use its power over 
the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s 
returns.

The extent of the marketing allowance establishes the amount to be held in 
Trust on which investment returns can be made.

Ultimately Dignity’s return is wholly dependent on the amounts held for 
investment in the Trusts and the investment performance of the Trusts.

Dignity establishes the level of funeral cover and negotiates the level of 
marketing allowance with the Trustees on an annual basis. 

The investment strategy is set, implemented and monitored by the 
Trustees. Consequently, as Dignity is on balance considered to control the 
actions of the Trustees, Dignity has the power to affect the amount of its 
returns.

For other, smaller trusts from which Dignity receives funeral cover in the event that they deliver a funeral service, the judgement 
is that the Group has no power over the actions of the investee as Dignity does not have the ability to appoint or remove 
trustees. Further, as these trusts do not accept new plans and the level of funeral cover paid by these trusts is derived based on 
the value of trust assets and the number of remaining open funeral plans alone, Dignity has no wider ability to affect its variable 
returns from these trusts. Consequently, Dignity is unable to use its power to influence its variable returns, such that the Group 
is not considered to control these trusts and therefore these trusts are not consolidated.

 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 105

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Deferred revenue and associated significant financing
The significant financing component is based on estimates made in respect of the enlarged Group’s (to include the Trusts) 
incremental borrowing rate at the time of inception of each funeral plan. Once established the rate applied to a plan is fixed for 
the duration of the plan. Given the rates are fixed at inception, there is no further estimation uncertainty on these cash flows, 
and therefore no further sensitivity disclosures are applied as for more recent cash flows in respect of 2019 and 2020, the 
estimate of the Group’s (including the Trusts) incremental borrowing rate contains less estimation uncertainty.

Critical accounting estimates 
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates, assumptions and 
judgements in certain circumstances that affect reported amounts. The most sensitive estimates affecting the financial 
statements are detailed below:

Pensions 
The Group operates a defined benefit pension scheme that is accounted for using methods that rely on actuarial assumptions to 
estimate costs and liabilities for inclusion in the financial statements. These actuarial assumptions include discount rates, 
assumed rates of return, salary increases and mortality rates. 

While management believes that the actuarial assumptions are appropriate, any significant changes to those used would affect 
the consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of comprehensive income. The Group considers that the most 
significant assumptions are the discount rate and the inflation rate. See note 29 for further details.

Funeral services goodwill impairment assessment
Performing the annual impairment assessment for goodwill requires an estimation of the value-in-use of the cash-generating 
units to which the goodwill has been allocated. The value-in-use calculation requires the use of estimates including those in 
respect of future cash flows, growth rates and an appropriate discount rate. See note 9 for further details. 

Trade name intangible assets impairment assessment
An impairment assessment has been required on trade name intangible assets given the changes in the funeral market and the 
increase in the discount rate to be applied in determining their value-in-use. The value-in-use calculation also requires the use of 
other estimates including those in respect of future cash flows and growth rates. See note 9 for further details. 

Fair value of financial assets
As set out in note 23 some of the Group’s financial assets held by the Trusts are valued using inputs that are not based on 
observable data and therefore contain some estimates. This fair value information is provided by the investment manager 
engaged by the Trusts. The Group has no input to, or influence over, the valuation methodologies applied by the investment 
manager. See also note 23 on market risk. 

Contract liabilities
Deferred revenue is split between current and non-current to reflect the expected number of plans to be utilised within the next 
12 months. This is based on historical experience. Actual experience may differ due to factors such as death rate. 

The refund liability is split between current and non-current based on historical experience to reflect the expected number of 
plans to be cancelled within the next 12 months. Actual cancellation rates may differ. 

IFRS 16 Incremental Borrowing Rate (‘IBRs’)
On transition to IFRS 16 the Group’s IBR has been applied to the lease liabilities that were in scope as at 28 December 2019. The 
weighted average IBR applied was 4.9 per cent, with a minimum rate of 3.6 per cent and a maximum rate of 6.8 per cent. These 
rates have been based on corporate bond yields to maturity reflecting the Group’s indicative credit rating. In order to assess the 
Group’s IBR’s we have considered yield curves at 28 December 2019 for similarly rated listed corporate bonds for durations 
aligned with the adjusted unexpired lease durations. 

Standards, amendments and interpretations effective in 2020
The Group has applied IFRS 16, Leases for the first time in the preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial statements. 
A description of the nature and effect of transition to this standard are presented in note 35. 

Comparatives in respect of the 2019 reporting periods have not been restated as permitted under the specific transition 
provisions of the standard. 

 106

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

1 Accounting policies (continued)

Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have 
not been early adopted 
The following standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards have been published that are mandatory for 
accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021 or later periods but which the Group has not early adopted:

IFRS 17, Insurance Contracts. The standard is expected to be effective 1 January 2023 and will therefore impact on the Group’s 
2024 Annual Report. The new standard establishes principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of 
insurance contracts within the scope of the standard. The Group is in the early stages of assessing whether the standard will 
have an impact in relation to its pre-need funeral plans. 

IAS 1, Presentation of financial statements. The amendment to the standard is expected to be effective 1 January 2023 and will 
therefore impact on the Group’s 2024 Annual Report. The amendment to the standard is to specify the requirements for 
classifying liabilities as current or non-current. This is not expected to have a material impact on the Group. 

All other new accounting standards and interpretations that have been published are not effective for 25 December 2020 and 
have not been early adopted by the Group. These standards are not expected to have a material impact on the Group in the 
current or future reporting periods or on foreseeable future transactions. 

The Group’s securitisation documents contemplate accounting policy changes and provide a mechanism that ensure covenant 
calculations are not materially impacted to the detriment of either the Group or Noteholders.

2 Financial risk management 

The Group finances its operations by a mixture of shareholders’ funds, Secured Notes and bank borrowings. This approach 
seeks to minimise financing costs and generate optimum shareholder value through efficient leveraging of the Group’s balance 
sheet, which is made possible by the stable and predictable cash-generative nature of the business.

It is not the Group’s policy to actively trade in derivatives.

Market risk 
Interest rate risk and other price risk 
The Group’s main borrowings consist of Secured Notes, which are at fixed interest rates, resulting in a predetermined 
repayment profile. The fair value of these financial instruments is based on underlying gilt prices and yield spreads based on the 
market’s current view of the risk profile of the Secured Notes. Consequently, the fair value of these instruments will fluctuate. 
Fair values are not relevant to the Group unless it was to change its funding strategy and repay the Secured Notes early. 

The Trading Group has significant cash balances that are held by institutions with a long-term rating of at least BBB by Standard 
& Poor’s and BBB- by Fitch. These balances earn interest by reference to the Bank of England base rate. If interest rates reduced 
by one per cent at the beginning of 2021 then the Group would receive no interest income due to the rates all currently being 
below one per cent. If interest rates were to increase by one per cent at the beginning of 2021 then the Group would receive 
£0.1 million additional interest on an annualised basis for each £10.0 million held.

The Trusts also hold significant cash balances which are also subject to interest rate fluctuations, as well as holding equity and 
bond investments which see fluctuations due to market conditions. The Trusts have trustees, the majority of whom are required 
by law to be unconnected to the Trading Group. The Trusts have separate professional advisers, meet regularly and operate an 
investment policy by reference to a statement of investment principles. The Trustees target a return of above 1.5 per cent above 
RPI, subject to defined acceptable levels of absolute loss and risk of loss to the actuarial valuation.

None of the Group’s other financial liabilities or financial assets carry any significant interest rate risk.

Credit risk
Trade receivables are the main source of credit risk to the Group. However, this risk is minimised as much as possible through 
well-established credit control procedures. Quantitative disclosures regarding the ageing of these receivables are included in 
note 23(c).

Liquidity risk
The Group manages its liquidity risk by maintaining sufficient cash reserves, committed undrawn borrowing facilities and regular 
monitoring and forecasting of cash balances. In addition, the Group is required under the terms of its secured borrowings to 
maintain a precisely defined EBITDA to total debt service ratio of at least 1.5 times in respect of the securitisation group, 
excluding the pre-need trusts. This ratio was determined when raising the debt as being sufficient to ensure all borrowings could 
be repaid. This covenant test has been satisfied on each quarterly testing date in the period. At 25 December 2020 the actual 
ratio was 1.99 times (2019: 2.13 times). 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 107

2 Financial risk management (continued)

Capital risk management 
The Group’s objective under managing capital is to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to 
provide returns for shareholders and repay holders of Secured Notes. It also aims to reduce its cost of capital by maintaining an 
optimal capital structure. The Group’s capital comprises equity and net debt as set out in note 26. The Group’s principal source 
of long-term debt financing are the Secured A Notes, rated A- by both Fitch and Standard & Poor’s and the Secured B Notes 
rated BB+ and B+ respectively by Fitch and Standard & Poor’s.

The Group monitors its capital structure based on the ratio of the Trading Group gross debt, as summarised in note 26, to 
underlying earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation. 

In order to achieve these objectives, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to 
shareholders, issue new shares or issue further Class A and B Secured Notes.

During the period, the Group achieved its covenants for the Secured Notes under the terms of the Group’s secured borrowings 
(see ‘Liquidity risk’ above).

3 Revenue and segmental analysis

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker 
who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments. The chief operating decision 
maker of the Group has been identified as the three Executive Directors (which includes the Executive Chairman). For statutory 
purposes the Group has two reporting segments, funeral services and crematoria, as under IFRS 15 only a single performance 
obligation exists when a pre-arranged funeral plan is sold, being the performance of a funeral. The Group also reports central 
overheads, which comprise unallocated central expenses.

Revenue
Funeral services relate to two primary sources of revenue: 

•  Funerals arranged and funded by the client at the time of need, in addition to ancillary items, such as memorials and floral 

tributes; and

•  Funerals arranged and funded by a pre-arranged Trust funeral plan, for which amounts recognised as revenue arise from the 

de-recognition of deferred revenue on completion of the related performance obligation. 

Crematoria services relate to cremation services and the sale of memorials and burial plots at the Dignity operated crematoria 
and cemeteries.

Underlying revenue
For the purpose of alternative performance measures the Group has three reporting segments, funeral services, crematoria and 
pre-arranged funeral plans as the chief operating decision maker reviews segmental performance before applying the effect of 
IFRS 15.

Funeral services relate to the provision of funerals and ancillary items, such as memorials and floral tributes.

Crematoria services relate to cremation services and the sale of memorials and burial plots at the Group’s crematoria and 
cemeteries.

Pre-arranged funeral plans represent the sale of funerals in advance to clients wishing to make their own funeral arrangements 
and the marketing and administration costs associated with making such sales.

Substantially all Trading Group revenue is derived from, and substantially all of the Trading Group’s net assets and liabilities are 
located in, the United Kingdom and Channel Islands and relates to services provided. Overseas transactions are not material.

Underlying revenue and underlying operating profit are stated before non-underlying items and the effect of consolidation of 
the Trusts, applying IFRS 15 and adopting IFRS 16 as defined on pages 156 and 157. 

Reconciliations to statutory amounts
Non-underlying items represent certain non-recurring or non-trading transactions. See alternative performance measures on 
pages 156 and 157 for further details.

Other adjustments reflect the impact of consolidating the Trusts and subsequent impact on corporate interest restriction 
disallowances, applying IFRS 15 and the adoption of IFRS 16 in the current period. It also includes the impact of the deferred 
tax rate change on the Trust and IFRS 15 balances. Underlying revenue substitutes revenue arising from the de-recognition of 
deferred revenue on completion of the related performance obligation, which includes the impact of significant financing as 
outlined in note 1, with the payments received from the Trusts on the death of a plan member, and recognises marketing 
allowances at the inception of a plan, net of an allowance for cancellations. Underlying revenue also excludes amounts relating 
to disbursements and external payments made when the performance of the plan funeral is delivered by third parties. See 
alternative performance measures on pages 159 and 160 for a full reconciliation. 

 108

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

3 Revenue and segmental analysis (continued)

Disaggregated revenue
The disaggregated revenue and operating profit/(loss), by segment, is shown in the following tables:

52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Funeral services
Crematoria 
Pre-arranged funeral plans

Group

Underlying 
revenue
£m

Other  
adjustments (1)
£m

202.6
82.7
28.8

314.1

72.2
–

(28.8)  

43.4

Revenue
£m

274.8
82.7
–

357.5

(1)  See alternative performance measures on page 159 for a reconciliation of other adjustments.

Within funeral services revenue £113.2 million relates to deferred revenue arising on the completion of performance obligations 
under pre-need Trust plans. 

In addition to the adjustments noted above relating to revenue, in arriving at underlying operating profit further ‘other 
adjustments’, reflecting the impact of consolidating the Trusts and applying IFRS 15, have been recorded. This includes 
corresponding entries relating to the exclusion of disbursements and external payments made when the performance of the 
funeral is delivered by third parties, adjustments are also made to exclude the Trusts administration costs and to recognise 
commissions payable at the inception of a plan rather than on delivery of the funeral or cancellation. Furthermore, for the 
period ended 25 December 2020 ‘other adjustments’ to operating profit also includes the impact of adopting IFRS 16, with 
operating lease rentals being replaced with depreciation, finance costs and a release of accruals and prepayments. 

Underlying 
operating profit/
(loss) before 
depreciation and 
amortisation
£m

Underlying 
depreciation  
and  
amortisation 
£m

Underlying
operating  
profit/
(loss)
£m

Non-underlying 
items(1)
£m

Other
 adjustments(1)
£m

Operating 
profit/(loss)
£m

52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Funeral services
Crematoria
Pre-arranged funeral plans
Central overheads

Group 
Finance costs
Finance income
Deferred revenue significant financing
Remeasurement of financial assets held by the 

Trusts and related income

(Loss)/profit before tax
Taxation – continuing activities
Taxation – rate change

Taxation – total

Underlying earnings for the period
Non-underlying items
Other adjustments

Loss after taxation

62.1
48.7
–

(35.3)  

75.5

(12.1)  
(5.9)  
–
(1.8)  

(19.8)  

50.0
42.8
–

(37.1)  

55.7
(25.1)  
0.1

30.7
(7.4)  
–

(7.4)  

23.3

(48.3)  
(0.2)  
(0.1)  
(9.8)  

(58.4)  

(58.4)  
6.1
(3.6)  

2.5

(55.9)  

(Loss)/earnings per share for profit attributable to equity shareholders
– Basic (pence) 
– Diluted (pence)

46.6p

(1)  See alternative performance measures on page 159 for a reconciliation of non-underlying items and other adjustments.

15.8
2.6
0.1
0.1

18.6
(4.7)  
–
(53.1)  

47.3

8.1
(5.7)  
4.7

(1.0)  

7.1

17.5
45.2
–

(46.8)  

15.9
(29.8)  
0.1
(53.1)  

47.3

(19.6)  
(7.0)  
1.1

(5.9)  

(25.5)  

(51.0)p
(51.0)p

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 109

3 Revenue and segmental analysis (continued)

52 week period ended 27 December 2019

Funeral services
Crematoria 
Pre-arranged funeral plans

Group

Underlying  
revenue
£m

Other  
adjustments (1)
£m

203.3
76.8
21.2

301.3

58.8
–
(21.2)  

37.6

Revenue
£m

262.1
76.8
–

338.9

(1) 

 See alternative performance measures on page 160 for a reconciliation of other adjustments.

Within funeral services revenue £91.7 million relates to deferred revenue arising on the completion of performance obligations 
under pre-need Trust plans.  

52 week period ended 27 December 2019

Funeral services
Crematoria
Pre-arranged funeral plans
Central overheads

Group 
Finance costs
Finance income
Deferred revenue significant financing
Remeasurement of financial assets held by the 

Trusts and related income

Share of loss in associated undertakings
Impairment of investments in associated 

undertakings

Profit before tax
Taxation

Underlying earnings for the period
Non-underlying items
Other adjustments

Profit after taxation

Earnings per share for profit attributable to equity 

shareholders
– Basic (pence) 
– Diluted (pence)

Underlying 
operating profit/
(loss) before 
depreciation and 
amortisation
£m

Underlying 
depreciation and 
amortisation 
£m

Underlying
operating profit/
(loss)
£m

Non-underlying 
items(1)
£m

Other
 adjustments(1)
restated 
£m

Operating 
profit/(loss)
restated 
£m

68.6
43.6
–
(29.6)  

82.6

(12.3)  
(5.2)  
–
(1.8)  

(19.3)  

(10.0)  
(1.2)  
(0.2)  
(15.7)  

(27.1)  

(0.6)  

(5.4)  

(33.1)  
4.9

(28.2)  

8.4
–
0.2
–

8.6

(54.1)  

85.0

39.5
(11.0)  

28.5

56.3
38.4
–
(31.4)  

63.3
(25.8)  
0.2

37.7
(7.4)  

30.3

60.6p

54.7
37.2
–
(47.1)  

44.8
(25.8)  
0.2
(54.1)  

85.0
(0.6)  

(5.4)  

44.1
(13.5)  

30.6

61.2p
61.2p

(1) 

 See alternative performance measures on page 160 for a reconciliation of non-underlying items and other adjustments.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 110

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

4 Net finance costs

Finance costs
Secured Notes
Other loans
Net finance cost on retirement benefit obligations (note 29)
Unwinding of discounts

Underlying finance costs
Finance cost on IFRS 16 lease liability 

Finance costs

Finance income
Bank deposits

Finance income

Deferred revenue significant financing (note 20)

Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income
Realised investment income
Changes in fair value of financial assets held by the Trusts (note 14)

Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income

Underlying net finance costs
Underlying finance costs
Finance income

Underlying net finance costs

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
£m

23.4
1.1
0.5
0.1

25.1
4.7

29.8

(0.1)  

(0.1)  

53.1

(6.0)  
(41.3)  

(47.3)  

25.1
(0.1)  

25.0

23.7
1.3
0.7
0.1

25.8
–

25.8

(0.2)  

(0.2)  

54.1

(5.5)  
(79.5)  

(85.0)  

25.8
(0.2)  

25.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 111

5 Profit before tax

Analysis by nature

The following items have been included in arriving at profit before tax:
Staff costs (note 28)
Cost of inventories recognised as an expense (included in cost of sales) 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment – owned assets (note 10)
Deprecation of right-of-use asset (note 11)(1)
Amortisation of intangible assets (included in administrative expenses) (note 9)
Expense related to practical expedients applied under IFRS 16 (note 11)
Operating lease rentals – property
Business rates relief
Inventory provisions (note 15)
Trade receivables impairment (included in administrative expenses) (note 23(c))
Transformation Plan costs(1)
Directors severance pay
External transaction costs (included in administrative expenses)(1)
Operational review and competition review costs(1)
Trade name impairment (note 9)(1)
Goodwill impairment (note 9)(1)
Share of loss of associated undertakings(1)
Impairment of investments in associated undertakings(1)
Profit on sale of fixed assets(1)

Services provided by the Group’s auditors and its associates:
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit of parent company  

and consolidated financial statements

Fees payable to the Company’s auditors and its associates for other services:
– The audit of Company’s subsidiaries 
– Tax advisory services
– Other advisory services 

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
 ended 
27 December
2019
£m

116.4
17.4
19.6
9.2
4.9
0.2
–
(4.1)  
1.3
1.9
4.7
1.6
0.8
2.9
15.3
28.7
–
–
(0.2)  

0.3

0.3
–
–

0.6

107.4
17.3
19.1
– 
5.0
–
15.0
–
–
1.1
12.1
–
0.9
3.5
6.8
–
0.6
5.4
(1.0)  

0.4

0.2
–
–

0.6

(1) 

Items are excluded in arriving at underlying performance measures. Please see the alternative performance measures on pages 156 and 157 for further details.

During 2020, the Group paid £59,000 (2019: £65,000) of fees to the Group’s auditor, in addition to the amounts given above, in 
connection with non-audit services, which are specifically audit related assurance services. See the Audit Committee Report for 
further details. 

 
 
 
 
 112

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

6 Taxation

Analysis of charge in the period

Current tax – current period
Adjustments for prior period

Total corporation tax

Deferred tax – current period
Adjustments for prior period 
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax rate 

Total deferred tax

Taxation

Tax on items credited to other comprehensive income or equity 

Deferred tax credit on remeasurement losses on retirement benefit obligations 
Deferred tax credit relating to maturity of option schemes
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax rate

Total deferred tax credited to other comprehensive income or equity

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020

£m

9.4
0.1

9.5

(2.9)  
0.4
(1.1)  

(3.6)  

5.9

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
restated
£m

9.1
0.1

9.2

4.9
(0.6)  
–

4.3

13.5

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
£m

(2.2)  
–
(0.5)  

(2.7)  

(0.3)  
(0.1)  
–

(0.4)  

The taxation charge in the period is higher (2019: higher) than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19.0 per cent 
(2019: 19.0 per cent). The differences are explained below:

(Loss)/profit before taxation

(Loss)/profit before taxation multiplied by the standard rate of corporation  

tax in the UK of 19.0% (2019: 19.0%)

Effects of:
Adjustments in respect of prior period
Corporate interest restriction disallowance
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax rate
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes

Total taxation charge

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020

£m

(19.6)  

(3.7)  

0.5
4.3
(1.1)  
5.9

5.9

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
restated
£m

44.1

8.4

(0.5)  
4.3
–
1.3

13.5

Under IFRS the tax rate is higher (2019: higher) than the standard UK tax rate of 19.0 per cent (2019: 19.0 per cent) principally 
due to the non-deductible expenses, prior period adjustments and corporate interest restriction disallowance (2019: 
non-deductible expenses, prior period adjustments and corporate interest restriction disallowance). See Financial Review for 
further details. The Group’s effective tax rate on underlying profits in the period was 24.1 per cent (2019: 19.5 per cent). The 
current period underlying effective tax rate is higher due to the effects of permanent disallowables and adjustments in respect 
of the prior period with a tax impact totalling £1.5 million (2019: £0.2 million). The Group expects its future underlying effective 
tax rate to be approximately two to three per cent above the headline rate of corporation tax. This translates to an underlying 
effective rate for 2021 and thereafter of between 21.0 per cent and 22.0 per cent. The Group does not have any provisions for 
uncertain tax positions. 

In the budget announced in March 2020, the legislation to reduce the main rate of corporation tax to 17 per cent was cancelled 
and the main rate of corporate tax will remain at 19 per cent from 1 April 2020 and 1 April 2021. The change was substantively 
enacted at the balance sheet date and is therefore recognised in these financial statements. As a result, the Group recognised 
a non-underlying taxation credit of £1.1 million through its income statement and a credit of £0.5 million through other 
comprehensive income to reflect the one off increase in the period of the Group’s deferred tax position. 

Following the budget announced on 3 March 2021, the legislation to increase the main rate of corporation tax from 19 per cent 
to 25 per cent from 1 April 2023 was not substantively enacted at the balance sheet date and so has not been reflected in the 
deferred tax balances as at 25 December 2020. Each percentage increase in the corporation tax rate would increase deferred 
tax balances by £1.1 million. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 113

7 Dividends

Final dividend paid: nil per Ordinary Share (2019: 15.74p)
Interim dividend paid: nil per Ordinary Share (2019: nil)

Dividend on Ordinary Shares 

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
£m

–
–

–

7.9
–

7.9

The interim dividend represents the interim dividend that was approved and paid in the period out of earnings generated in the 
same period. No interim dividend was declared in 2020 (2019: nil). 

The final dividend in 2019 represents the final dividend that was approved and paid in the period relating to the earnings 
generated in the previous period.

Consequently, total dividends recognised in the period were £nil million, nil pence per share (2019: £7.9 million, 15.74 pence 
per share). No final dividend was declared in respect of 2019 totalling £nil million (2019: final dividend in respect of 2018 was 
15.74 pence per share totalling £7.9 million). The Group is not proposing any dividend for the period ended 25 December 2020.

8 Earnings per share 

The calculation of basic earnings per Ordinary Share has been based on the profit attributable to equity shareholders for the 
relevant period. 

For diluted earnings per Ordinary Share, the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue is adjusted to assume 
conversion of any dilutive potential Ordinary Shares.

The Group has two classes of potentially dilutive Ordinary Shares being those share options granted to employees under the 
Group’s SAYE Scheme and the contingently issuable shares under the Group’s LTIP Schemes. At the balance sheet date, the 
performance criteria for the vesting of the awards under the LTIP Schemes, including any deferred annual bonus, are assessed, 
as required by IAS 33, and to the extent that the performance criteria have been met those contingently issuable shares are 
included within the diluted EPS calculations. As the impact of these shares is anti-dilutive for the 52 week period ended 
25 December 2020, no adjustment has been made in respect of arriving at diluted earnings per share measures for that period 
(2019: no adjustment). 

The Group’s underlying measures of profitability exclude non-underlying items, the effects of IFRS 15, consolidation of the Trusts 
and the adoption of IFRS 16 as set out on pages 156 and 157. These items have been adjusted for in determining underlying 
measures of profitability as these underlying measures are those used in the day-to-day management of the business and allow 
for greater comparability across periods. 

Accordingly, the Board believes that earnings per share calculated by reference to this underlying performance measure helps 
users of the financial statements to fully understand the trading performance and financial position of the Group.

 
 
 
 114

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

8 Earnings per share (continued) 

Reconciliations of the earnings and the weighted average number of shares used in the calculations are set out below:

52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Underlying profit after taxation and EPS
Add: Non-underlying items (net of taxation credit of £2.5 million)
Add: Other adjustments (net of taxation charge of £1.0 million) (1)

Loss attributable to shareholders – Basic EPS 

Loss attributable to shareholders – Diluted EPS

52 week period ended 27 December 2019 – restated(2)

Underlying profit after taxation and EPS
Add: Non-underlying items (net of taxation credit of £4.9 million)
Add: Other adjustments (net of taxation charge of £11.0 million)(1)

Profit attributable to shareholders – Basic EPS 

Profit attributable to shareholders – Diluted EPS 

(1)  See note 3 for further details.

Weighted
average
number of 
shares
millions

Per share
amount
pence

50.0

46.6

50.0

50.0

(51.0)  

(51.0)  

50.0

60.6

50.0

50.0

61.2

61.2

Earnings
£m

23.3
(55.9)  
7.1

(25.5)  

(25.5)  

30.3
(28.2)  
28.5

30.6

30.6

(2)  Prior year comparatives have been restated due to a prior year adjustment in relation to taxation. See page 96 for further details. 

9 Goodwill and other intangible assets

Cost

At 28 December 2018 

At 27 December 2019
Additions

At 25 December 2020

Accumulated amortisation and impairment

At 28 December 2018
Amortisation charge
Trade name impairment

At 27 December 2019
Amortisation charge
Impairment 

At 25 December 2020 

Use of third
Trade party brand
name
£m

names(1)
£m

Non–
compete
Software agreements
£m

£m

Other(2)
£m

Sub–total
£m

Goodwill
£m

Total
£m

150.4

150.4
–

150.4

(5.4)  
(4.2)  
(6.8)  

(16.4)  
(4.1)  
(15.3)  

3.2

3.2
–

3.2

(1.7)  
(0.1)  
–

(1.8)  
(0.2)  
–

4.7

4.7
–

4.7

(0.9)  
(0.5)  
–

(1.4)  
(0.4)  
–

2.5

2.5
0.2

2.7

(0.5)  
(0.2)  
–

(0.7)  
(0.2)  
–

0.2

0.2
–

0.2

(0.2)  
–
–

(0.2)  
–
–

161.0

161.0
0.2

232.6

232.6
–

393.6

393.6
0.2

161.2

232.6

393.8

(8.7)  
(5.0)  
(6.8)  

(20.5)  
(4.9)  
(15.3)  

–
–
–

–
–
(28.7)  

(8.7)  
(5.0)  
(6.8)  

(20.5)  
(4.9)  
(44.0)  

(35.8)  

(2.0)  

(1.8)  

(0.9)  

(0.2)  

(40.7)  

(28.7)  

(69.4)  

Net book amount at 25 December 2020

Net book amount at 27 December 2019 

Net book amount at 28 December 2018 

114.6

134.0

145.0

1.2

1.4

1.5

2.9

3.3

3.8

1.8

1.8

2.0

–

–

–

120.5

203.9

324.4

140.5

152.3

232.6

232.6

373.1

384.9

(1) 

(2) 

 Trade names arise on the acquisitions of funeral businesses and their fair value is calculated by reference to the estimated incremental cash flows expected to arise by virtue 
of the trade name being well-established. There are no individually material trade names that amount to 5 per cent or more of the total net book value.

 The Group previously acquired interests in two crematoria subject to finite periods of operation (by way of lease and/or service concession). The fair value of these interests 
has been identified and recognised as a separate intangible asset. The value of each interest will be amortised over the remaining period of operation.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 115

9 Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued)

Impairment tests for goodwill and trade names
As described in note 1, goodwill is subject to an annual impairment test in accordance with IAS 36, Impairment of Assets. For the 
purpose of this impairment test goodwill is tested at a business segment level as this is the level at which the return on assets 
acquired, including goodwill, is monitored.

The segmental allocation of goodwill is shown below:

Funeral services
Crematoria

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

148.1
55.8

203.9

176.8
55.8

232.6

The recoverable amount of each segment is based on a value-in-use calculation.

The value-in-use calculations use cash flow projections derived from the latest annual budget. Key assumptions used to produce 
the annual budget are the estimated UK death rates (based on historical death rates supplied by ONS), anticipated market share, 
mix and pricing. The value-in-use calculations for the 2020 model include the approved annual budget for 2021 and a forecast 
for 2022. Cash flows for all segments beyond the initial 24 month period (2019: 12 month period) are extrapolated using a 
growth rate of 2.25 per cent (2019: 2.25 per cent), being an estimate of long-term growth rates for impairment review purposes 
only, which reflects the expectations of long-term inflation and death rates. The cash flows for each segment are discounted at 
a pre-tax rate of 10.3 per cent (2019: 12.0 per cent).

Goodwill assessment
The impairment calculation indicated no impairment in the crematoria division with headroom under the current assumptions 
used of £99.1 million (2019: £102.9 million). The discount rate would need to increase to 14.1 per cent (2019: increase to 25.8 per 
cent) or the long-term growth rate would need to fall to minus 1.4 per cent (2019: minus 2.8 per cent) for the impairment test to 
result in £nil headroom for this segment. The likelihood of such movements in the discount rate and growth rate is deemed 
unlikely based on current market conditions. 

The impairment calculation has also been performed on the funeral services division and an impairment of £28.7 million (2019: 
£nil) has been recognised within administrative expenses in the Income statement. 

If the value-in-use calculations for the funeral services division used a discount rate of 11.3 per cent instead of 10.3 per cent, then 
the impairment would increase by £40.6 million to £69.3 million. The discount rate would have to reduce to 9.7 per cent to result 
in no goodwill impairment. 

If the value-in-use calculation for the funeral services division used a growth rate of 1.75 per cent instead of 2.25 per cent, then 
the impairment would increase by £20.3 million to £49.0 million. The growth rate would have to increase to 2.82 per cent to 
result in no goodwill impairment. 

If the value-in-use calculations for the funeral services division used a year one cash flow assumption of £3.0 million less than 
that forecast, then the impairment would increase by £43.9 million to £72.6 million. 

Trade name assessment
In addition to the Group’s annual goodwill impairment test, given the changes in the funeral market and a decrease (2019: an 
increase) in the discount rate to be applied in determining value-in-use, an impairment test was performed in respect of the 
Group’s trade name intangible assets in accordance with the requirements of IAS 36. A value-in-use calculation has been 
performed against each recognisable trade name. The performance of this impairment test, which was based on the same cash 
flow projections and key assumptions as the goodwill impairment test set out above, indicated that an impairment within the 
funerals segment of £15.3 million (2019: £6.8 million) arose and has been provided accordingly. This is due to lower levels of 
profitability and lower anticipated average revenue per funeral. 

The trade name impairment and the subsequent reduction in net book value has been reflected within the above goodwill 
impairment calculations to reflect the lower asset base. 

If the value-in-use calculations used a discount rate of 11.3 per cent instead of 10.3 per cent, then the impairment would 
increase by £1.8 million to £17.1 million. If the value-in-use calculations used a growth rate of 1.75 per cent instead of 2.25 per 
cent, then the impairment would increase by £0.9 million to £16.2 million. If the value-in-use calculations used an initial cash flow 
assumption of £3.0 million less than that forecast, then the impairment would increase by £2.3 million to £17.6 million. 

 
 
 
 116

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

10 Property, plant and equipment

Cost

At 28 December 2018
Additions
Disposals
Reclassification

At 27 December 2019

Transferred to right-of-use asset (note 35)
Additions
Disposals
Reclassification

Freehold 
land and 
buildings

Leasehold
buildings

Plant,
machinery,
fixtures and
fittings

Motor
vehicles

Work
in progress

£m

£m

£m

£m

£m

178.7
2.0
(0.5)  
1.8

182.0

–
0.7
(0.8)  
1.2

57.9
1.3
(0.2)  
5.2

64.2

(0.7)  
0.6
(0.7)  
1.7

53.8
2.3
(0.4)  
2.6

58.3

–
3.2
(0.3)  
1.5

81.6
1.3
(3.1)  
–

79.8

–
0.1
(1.3)  
–

At 25 December 2020

183.1

65.1

62.7

78.6

Accumulated depreciation 

At 28 December 2018
Depreciation charge
Disposals

At 27 December 2019

Transferred to right-of-use asset (note 35)
Depreciation charge
Disposals

At 25 December 2020

Net book amount at 25 December 2020

Net book amount at 27 December 2019

Net book amount at 28 December 2018

(32.2)  
(5.3)  
0.2

(37.3)  

–
(5.3)  
0.1

(18.9)  
(3.2)  
0.1

(22.0)  

0.2
(3.8)  
0.5

(29.4)  
(4.6)  
0.3

(40.3)  
(6.0)  
2.5

(33.7)  

(43.8)  

–
(4.9)  
0.3

–
(5.6)  
1.2

(42.5)  

(25.1)  

(38.3)  

(48.2)  

140.6

144.7

146.5

40.0

42.2

39.0

24.4

 30.4

24.6

24.4

36.0

41.3

Total

£m

374.9
17.4
(4.2)  
–

388.1

(0.7)  
10.7
(3.1)  
–

395.0

(120.8)  
(19.1)  
3.1

(136.8)  

0.2
(19.6)  
2.1

(154.1)  

240.9

251.3

254.1

 2.9 
10.5
–
(9.6)  

 3.8 

–
6.1
–
(4.4)  

5.5

–
–
–

–

–
–
–

–

5.5

3.8

2.9

Depreciation expense of £9.1 million (2019: £8.5 million) is included within cost of sales and £10.5 million (2019: £10.6 million) is 
included within administrative expenses.

Details of any security over assets are disclosed in note 31.

Additional headings have been included in the consolidated statement of cash flows for property, plant and equipment in order 
to provide additional information on the different types of expenditure that the Group has incurred during the year.

The Group had capital expenditure authorised by the Board and contracted for at the balance sheet date of £9.6 million (2019: 
£7.9 million) in respect of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 117

11 Leases

The Group has applied IFRS 16 for the first time within the current period. Comparatives in respect of the 2019 reporting period 
have not been restated as permitted under the specific transition provisions of the standard. See note 35 for more details on the 
transition methodology applied. 

Right-of-use asset

At 28 December 2019
Additions
Depreciation charge
Impact of changes in lease payments

At 25 December 2020

All right-of-use assets are related to leasehold properties.

Lease liability

At 28 December 2019
Additions
Impact of changes in lease payments
Interest expense
Payments

At 25 December 2020

Current
Non-current

See note 23 (e) for maturity analysis of lease liabilities. 

The following are the amounts recognised in the consolidated income statement: 

Depreciation expense of the right-of-use asset
Interest expense on lease liabilities
Expense related to practical expedients applied

Total amount recognised in the consolidated income statement

Total
£m

101.7
1.4
(9.2)  
1.3

95.2

Total
£m

93.6
1.4
1.3
4.7
(12.5)  

88.5

7.3
81.2

£m

9.2
4.7
0.2

14.1

In addition, £1.4 million has been recognised in the consolidated income statement in respect of contingent rentals and other 
charges on leases. 

The Group had total cash outflows for leases classified under IFRS 16 of £12.5 million. The Group also had non-cash additions to 
right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of £1.4 million.

Sublease payments received in the period amount to £0.3 million (2019: £0.3 million). Total future sublease payments receivable 
relating to leases amount to £0.3 million (2019: £0.4 million).

Obligations under IAS 17 leases:

Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase payable:
Within one year
Between one and two years
Between two and five years 
After five years 

The IAS 17 leases and hire purchase liabilities are secured on the related assets. 

These liabilities are included in the IFRS 16 lease liability above in 2020. 

25 December
 2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

–
–
–
–

–

–
–
0.2
0.4

0.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 118

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

12 Investments in associated undertakings

In August 2018 and December 2018, the Group increased its investment in Funeral Zone Limited (‘Funeral Zone’). At 
27 December 2019 and 25 December 2020 the Group has a 23.8 per cent investment. Funeral Zone is a UK online funeral 
resource for funeral directors and clients and has been invested in for its intellectual property opportunities. Funeral Zone is a 
private entity that is not listed on any public exchange. The registered office of Funeral Zone is Centenary House, Peninsula Park, 
Rydon Lane, Exeter, EX2 7XE.

The Group holds less than 2 per cent of the voting rights of Funeral Zone but is deemed to have significant influence principally 
due to having an appointed board member who represents 25 per cent of the Board of Directors and therefore has the power 
to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions. The Group also hold a call option over a further 44.4 per cent of 
shares. These potential voting rights are not currently taken into consideration when assessing control as the call option is not 
considered to be substantive in nature at this time, due to the exercise price of the option. The option is considered to have a 
£nil fair value at 25 December 2020 for the same reason. 

In the prior period the Group performed a review to assess whether there was objective evidence that the carrying value of the 
investment was impaired. Given ongoing losses recorded by Funeral Zone coupled with the going concern risk of the business, 
as noted in their most recent financial statements, the Group fully provided against its investment. At 25 December 2020, the 
company continues to make losses and the investment is still fully provided against.

13 Financial and other assets

Non-current
Prepayments
Reclassification of prepayments to right-of-use asset on transition of IFRS 16

Prepayments
Deferred insurance commissions 

Note

(a)

(b)

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

7.2
(7.2)  

–
10.7

10.7

7.2
–

7.2
11.0

18.2

(a) Prepayments
This balance represents the amounts paid to acquire the long leasehold interest in land at certain of the Group’s properties. 
Management consider that leases greater than 50 years at inception are long leases. The balance is expensed on a straight line 
basis over the term of the relevant lease. The leases expire at various times over the next 30 to 125 years. The balance has been 
reclassified into right-of-use asset on transition to IFRS 16. See note 35. 

(b) Deferred insurance commissions
The Group is the named beneficiary on a number of life assurance products sold by third party insurance companies, in 
consideration for which the Group has committed to performing the funeral (including some disbursements) of the plan holder 
at a discount to its rates prevailing at the time of death. 

14 Financial assets – held by the Trusts

Financial assets – held by the Trusts

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
 2019
£m

967.1

947.5

The Trusts continue to take independent advice regarding the investment strategy. As a result, it is anticipated that the investment 
allocation by class will develop further during 2021 and beyond, gradually resulting in a portfolio in the following profile:

Defensive investments 
Illiquid investments 
Core growth investments 
Growth fixed income and alternative investments 
Liquid investments

Index linked gilts and corporate bonds
Private investments
Equities
Emerging market debt/ diversified growth
Open-ended investment funds

18
16
38
22
6

Example investment types

Target (%)

The investment strategies are expected to provide returns in excess of inflation in the longer-term but will, however, potentially 
result in greater volatility year-on-year in the reported value of the Group’s assets. See Operating Review for further details. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 119

14 Financial assets – held by the Trusts (continued)

Analysis of the movements in financial assets held by the Trusts:

Fair value at the start of the period
Remeasurement recognised in the consolidated income statement
Investment income
Purchases
Disposals
Investment administrative expenses deducted at source

Fair value at the end of the period

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

947.5
41.3
2.2
778.1
(796.8)  
(5.2)  

967.1

862.4
79.5
1.9
736.1
(726.6)  
(5.8)  

947.5

Interest and dividend income received is included within remeasurements recognised in the consolidated income statement. 

15 Inventories 

Materials
Finished goods

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
 2019
£m

0.6
8.4

9.0

0.5
7.4

7.9

During the period a £1.3 million (2019: nil) provision has been charged to the consolidated income statement relating to obsolete 
PPE. 

16 Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables: Trusts
Trade receivables: at-need
Less: provision for impairment (note 23(c))

Net trade receivables
Prepayments and accrued income
Other receivables

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
 2019
£m

10.0
21.3
(7.2)  

24.1
3.2
2.7

30.0

11.4
21.8
(6.7)  

26.5
4.2
1.7

32.4

Trust trade receivables represent amounts due to the Group’s Trusts in respect of plans sold, where the Group’s performance 
obligation has yet to be satisfied. Instalments due to the Trusts after the balance sheet date are excluded as they are not 
contractually due.

At-need trade receivables represent all other trade receivables due to the Group.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited due to the Group’s customer base being large and 
unrelated. Due to this, management believes there is no further credit risk provision required in excess of normal provision for 
doubtful receivables. For further details of the trade receivables past due and impaired refer to note 23(c).

Due to the short-term nature of these balances, the carrying value is considered to be their fair value. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 120

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

17 Cash and cash equivalents 

Trading Group 
Trusts

Operating cash as reported in the consolidated statement of cash flows as cash 

and cash equivalents

Amounts set aside for debt service payments

Cash and cash equivalents as reported in the balance sheet

Note

(a)

(b)

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

56.7
21.6

78.3

16.9

95.2

41.0
15.5

56.5

16.9

 73.4

(a) Trusts cash balances
All assets of the Trusts can, by definition, only be used for certain prescribed purposes such as, but not limited to, the payment 
for a funeral or a refund on cancellation of a plan. They cannot be used for day-to-day operational activities of the wider Trading 
Group and could not, for example, be used to fund a capital expenditure project. The cash is held in Trust bank accounts but is 
accessible without restriction and can be used within the Trusts for any allowable purpose, such as payment following the 
performance of a funeral. As Dignity is considered to control the activities of the Trusts, this cash balance meets the 
requirements to be included in cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of IAS 7.

(b) Amounts set aside for debt service payments
This amount was transferred to restricted bank accounts which could only be used for the payment of the interest and principal 
on the Secured Notes, the repayment of liabilities due on the Group’s commitment fees due on its undrawn borrowing facilities 
(see note 23(d)) and for no other purpose. Consequently, this amount did not meet the definition of cash and cash equivalents in 
IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows. This amount was used to pay these respective parties on 31 December 2020. Of this amount, 
£12.0 million (2019: £12.1 million) is shown within the Statement of Cash Flows as ‘Payments to restricted bank accounts for 
finance costs’ and £4.9 million (2019: £4.8 million) is shown within ‘Financing activities’ as ‘Payments to restricted bank accounts 
for repayment of borrowings’.

18 Financial liabilities

Current
Secured A Notes
Lease liabilities

Non-current
Secured Notes
Lease liabilities
Finance lease obligations

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

Note

(a)

(c)

(b)

(a)

(c)

(c)

15.1
7.3

22.4

526.6
81.2
–

607.8

9.6
–

9.6

541.7
–
0.6

542.3

(a) Secured Notes 
On 17 October 2014, Dignity Finance PLC issued the Secured Notes. Interest is payable on the Secured Notes on 30 June and 25 
December of each year.

Transaction costs of £0.3 million and £0.4 million were incurred directly relating to the issue of the Secured A Notes and the 
Secured B Notes respectively. At 25 December 2020, £0.2 million (2019: £0.2 million) and £0.3 million (2019: £0.4 million) of the 
transaction costs in respect of the Secured A Notes and the Secured B Notes respectively remain unamortised.

For further details of security over the Secured Notes see note 31(a).

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 121

18 Financial liabilities (continued)

The amortisation profile of the Secured Notes is as follows:

Secured A Notes 

June
December

Total

June
December

Total

Secured B Notes

June
December

Total

June
December

Total

2021
£m

5.1
5.1

2022
£m

5.2
5.3

2023
£m

5.4
5.5

2024
£m

5.6
5.7

2025
£m

5.8
5.9

2026
£m

6.0
6.1

2027
£m

6.2
6.4

2028
£m

6.4
6.6

2029
£m

6.7
6.8

2030
£m

6.9
7.1

10.2

10.5

 10.9

 11.3

11.7

12.1

12.6

13.0

13.5

14.0

2035
£m

8.4
8.5

2036
£m

8.7
9.0

2037
£m

9.1
9.4

2038
£m

9.6
9.8

16.9

17.7

18.5

19.4

2039
£m

10.0
10.3

20.3

2040
£m

10.5
10.8

21.3

2031
£m

7.2
7.3

2032
£m

7.4
7.6

2033
£m

7.7
7.8

2034
£m

7.9
8.1

Total
£m

89.5
91.3

14.5

15.0

15.5

16.0

180.8

2041
£m

11.0
11.3

22.3

2046
£m

13.8
14.2

28.0

2042
£m

11.5
11.8

23.3

2047
£m

14.5
14.8

29.3

2043
£m

12.1
12.3

24.4

2048
£m

15.2
15.5

30.7

2044
£m

12.6
12.9

25.5

2049
£m

15.9
16.2

32.1

2045
£m

13.2
13.5

26.7

Total
£m

176.1
180.3

356.4

(b) Current financial liabilities
The current financial liabilities represent the amounts falling due within one year of the Group’s balance sheet date. 

(c) Lease liabilities
See note 11 for more details on the Group’s lease liabilities under IFRS 16. 

See note 23 (e) for maturity analysis of the Group’s lease liabilities. 

(d) Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities 

Current
Secured Notes
Lease liabilities(1)

Non-current
Secured Notes
Lease liabilities(1) 

Total liabilities from financing activities

27 December  
2019
 £m

IFRS 16 
 transition
£m

Cash flow
 £m

9.6
–

541.7
0.6

551.9

–
5.9

–
87.1

93.0

(9.6)  
(12.5)  

–
–

(22.1)  

Other
£m(2)

15.1
13.9

(15.1)  
(6.5)  

7.4

25 December
2020
£m

15.1
7.3

526.6
81.2

630.2

(1)  See note 11 for more information on the Group’s lease liabilities under IFRS 16. 

(2)  Other includes reclassification from non-current to current, unwinding of discounts and movement in the lease portfolio in the period. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 122

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

18 Financial liabilities (continued)

Current
Secured Notes

Non-current
Secured Notes
Finance lease liabilities

Total liabilities from financing activities

28 December  
2018
 £m

Cash flow
 £m

9.3

551.3
0.6

561.2

–

(9.3)  
–

(9.3)  

Other 
£m

0.3

(0.3)  
–

–

27 December
2019
£m

9.6

541.7
0.6

551.9

The ‘other’ column includes the effect of reclassification of the non-current portion of secured notes and finance lease 
obligations to current due to the passage of time and the effect of not yet paid interest on the Secured Notes. The Group 
classifies interest paid as cash flows from operating activities. 

19 Trade and other payables

Current
Trade payables
Tax and social security
Other current liabilities
Accruals
Deferred income relating to at-need deposits

Non-current
Other non-current liabilities
Deferred income relating to at-need deposits
Deferred consideration for acquisitions

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

5.5
3.2
2.9
52.3
4.8

68.7

1.6
0.4
0.1

2.1

7.5
2.8
2.3
44.9
4.1

61.6

1.4
0.5
0.1

2.0

Accruals includes interest, payroll and trade accruals. 

Deferred income relating to at-need deposits represents cash amounts received in advance for services such as a funeral 
arranged at the time of need. 

20 Deferred commissions and contract liabilities 

Deferred commissions

Deferred commissions – current
Deferred commissions – non-current

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

7.6
101.3

7.3
96.8

Deferred commissions represent directly attributable costs in respect of the marketing of the pre-arranged funeral plans where 
the plan has yet to be used or cancelled. An amount of £7.8 million (2019: £6.4 million) has been amortised to the consolidated 
income statement within administrative expenses. 

Contract liabilities

Current
Contract liabilities – deferred revenue
Contract liabilities – refund liability

Non-current
Contract liabilities – deferred revenue
Contract liabilities – refund liability

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

Note

(a)

(b)

(a)

(b)

94.4
1.1

95.5

1,208.1
13.9

1,222.0

94.4
1.1

95.5

1,194.6
14.5

1,209.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 123

20 Deferred commissions and contract liabilities (continued)

Movement in total contract liabilities

Balance at the beginning of the year
Sale of new Trust plans
Increase due to significant financing
Recognition of revenue following delivery or cancellation of a Trust plan

Balance at the end of the year

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

1,304.6
82.0
53.1
(122.2)  

1,317.5

1,256.1
91.2
54.1
(96.8)  

1,304.6

(a) Contract liabilities – deferred revenue
Deferred revenue represents amounts received from pre-arranged funeral plan holders adjusted to reflect a significant financing 
component, and for which the Group has not completed its performance obligations at the balance sheet date. The balance is 
split between current and non-current based on historical experience to reflect the expected number of plans to be utilised 
within the next 12 months. 

(b) Contract liabilities – refund liability
Refund liabilities represent amounts received from pre-arranged funeral plan holders for which it is expected that the respective 
plans will be cancelled based on historical experience. The balance is split between current and non-current based on historical 
experience to reflect the expected number of plans to be cancelled within the next 12 months.

21 Provisions for liabilities

At beginning of period
Charged to income statement
Released to income statement
Utilised in period
Amortisation of discount
Reclassification to lease liabilities on transition of IFRS 16

At end of period

Provisions have been analysed between current and non-current as follows:

Current
Non-current

Dilapidations
(a) 
£m

Onerous
contracts
(b) 
£m

11.2
1.7
(0.7)  
(0.4)  
0.1
–

11.9

0.1
–
–
–
–
(0.1)  

–

Total
£m

11.3
1.7
(0.7)  
(0.4)  
0.1
(0.1)  

11.9

25 December
 2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

2.4
9.5

11.9

2.0
9.3

11.3

(a) Dilapidations
The provision for dilapidations covers the costs of repair to leased premises occupied by the Group in respect of which a 
dilapidations notification has been received, and properties where a dilapidation obligation exists but for which no notification 
has been received. 

It is anticipated that the element of provision relating to dilapidation notices served, £2.4 million (2019: £2.0 million), will be 
utilised in the following financial year, and the element relating to dilapidation obligations where no notice has been served will 
be utilised over the terms of the relevant property leases, the majority of which is expected to be by 31 December 2030.

(b) Onerous contracts
The Group has provided for the discounted future costs of certain contracts to which the Group is legally bound. These contracts 
relate to vacant leasehold properties and other contracts from which no economic benefit is derived. The provision is no longer 
required on the transition to IFRS 16. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 124

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

22 Deferred tax

Deferred tax is calculated in full on temporary differences under the liability method using a tax rate of 19 per cent 
(2019: 17 per cent).

The movement on the deferred tax account is as shown below:

At beginning of period
(Credited)/charged to income statement (note 6)
Taken to other comprehensive income (note 6)
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax rate 
Taken to equity (note 6)

At end of period

25 December  
2020
£m

27 December  
2019
£m

(14.0)  
(2.5)  
(2.2)  
(1.6)  
–

(20.3)  

(17.9)  
4.3
(0.3)  
–
(0.1)  

(14.0)  

The movements in deferred tax assets and liabilities (prior to the offsetting of balances within the same jurisdiction as permitted 
by IAS 12) during the period are shown below:

Deferred tax liabilities

Accelerated tax 
depreciation
£m

Trade names
£m

Deferred 
commissions  
and Trust  
assets
£m

At beginning of period 
(Credited)/charged to income statement (note 6)
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax 

rate taken to the income statement (note 6)

At end of period

Deferred tax assets

11.8
(2.1)  

1.4

11.1

At beginning of period
Charged/(credited) to income statement (note 6)
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax 

rate taken to the income statement (note 6)

Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax 

rate taken to other comprehensive income 
Taken to other comprehensive income/to equity

At end of period 

17.1
(2.1)  

2.0

17.0

Pensions
£m

(4.5)  
0.2

–

(0.5)  
(2.2)  

(7.0)  

183.9
5.7

21.6

211.2

Contract  
liabilities
£m

(224.3)  
(4.3)  

(26.3)  

–
–

Other
£m

2.7
0.3

0.3

3.3

Other
£m

(0.7)  
(0.2)  

(0.1)  

–
–

Total
£m

215.5
1.8

25.3

242.6

Total
£m

(229.5)  
(4.3)  

(26.4)  

(0.5)  
(2.2)  

(254.9)  

(1.0)  

(262.9)  

All of the deferred tax assets were available for offset against deferred tax liabilities and hence the net deferred tax asset at 
25 December 2020 was £20.3 million (2019: £14.0 million). The Group has recognised the net deferred tax asset as this is 
expected to be recovered against future taxable profits.

Other deferred tax liabilities includes capital gains rolled forward and deferred tax on software and leasehold land. Other 
deferred tax assets includes option schemes, long service awards and finance leases.

Elements of these deferred tax balances may be payable or recoverable within one year. However, the Directors consider that it 
is not possible to quantify the amount because the level of uncertainty in the timing of events and have therefore classified the 
whole balance as due after more than one year. 

No deferred tax asset has been recognised in relation to £8.6 million (2019: £4.3 million) disallowed interest expense calculated 
in the annual corporate interest restriction returns due to insufficient evidence to support recognition. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 125

22 Deferred tax (continued)

The deferred income tax credited to other comprehensive income or charged to equity during the period was as follows:

Deferred tax credit on remeasurement losses on retirement benefit obligations
Restatement of deferred tax for the change in UK tax rate

Total credited to other comprehensive income

Deferred tax credit relating to maturity of option schemes

Total credited to equity

23 Financial instruments 

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
£m

(2.2)  
(0.5)  

(2.7)  

–

–

(0.3)  
–

(0.3)  

(0.1)  

(0.1)  

Fair values of non-derivative financial assets and financial liabilities
IFRS 13 requires disclosure of fair value measurements by level of the following fair value measurement hierarchy:

•  Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1).

•  Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as 

prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (level 2).

•  Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs) (level 3).

Financial assets held by the Trusts are held at fair value. All other financial assets and liabilities are held at amortised cost.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Group has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, 
characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

(a) Fair value of Trust financial assets

Financial assets at fair value through consolidated income statement
Defensive investments – Index linked gilts and corporate bonds
Core growth investments – Equities
Growth fixed income and alternative investments – Property funds and emerging market debt
Liquid investments – Open-ended investment funds
Illiquid investments – Private investments

Total financial assets at fair value

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

174.3
262.9
417.0
63.0
49.9

967.1

170.3
268.5
468.6
–
40.1

947.5

All other financial assets are held at amortised cost and there is no difference between the book value and the fair value of these 
assets, due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 126

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

23 Financial instruments (continued)

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Trusts’ financial assets. 

25 December 2020

Defensive investments – Index linked gilts and corporate bonds
Core growth investments – Equities
Growth fixed income and alternative investments – Property funds and 

emerging market debt

Liquid investments – Open-ended investment funds
Illiquid investments – Private investments

Fair value measurement using

Quoted prices  
in active  
markets  
(Level 1)
£m

Significant 
observable  
inputs  
(Level 2)
£m

Significant 
unobservable 
inputs  
(Level 3)
£m

–
–
–

–
–

174.3
262.9
401.4

63.0
–

–
–
15.6

–
49.9

Total
£m

174.3
262.9
417.0

63.0
49.9

During the period £64.6 million was transferred out of level 3 into level 2. There were no transfers to/from level 1 during 2020.

27 December 2019

Defensive investments – Index linked gilts and corporate bonds
Core growth investments – Equities
Growth fixed income and alternative investments – Property funds and 

emerging market debt

Illiquid investments – Private investments

There were no transfers between level 1, level 2 or level 3 during 2019.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values: 

Fair value measurement using

Quoted prices  
in active  
markets  
(Level 1)
£m

–
–
–

–

Total
£m

170.3
268.5
468.6

40.1

Significant 
observable 
 inputs  
(Level 2)
£m

170.3
268.5
269.3

–

Significant 
unobservable  
inputs  
(Level 3)
£m

–
–
199.3

40.1

Defensive investments – level 2
The fair values of index linked gilts and corporate bonds are based on active market prices or price quotations at the reporting 
date. Whilst these assets have a quoted price on a recognised exchange, adjustments are required in respect of related inflation 
factors, thereby making these measurements level 2 rather than level 1.

Core growth investments, growth fixed income and alternative investments & liquid investments – level 2
These represent pooled investment funds that do not have a quoted price on a recognised exchange. The underlying assets of 
the pooled fund have been valued using active market prices or price quotations at the balance sheet date. 

Growth fixed income and alternative investments & illiquid investments – level 3
These investments hold some underlying investment that rely on significant unobservable inputs to price or a premium or 
discount may apply on exit. 

In all cases, fair value information is provided by the investment manager engaged by the Trusts. The Group has no input to, or 
influence over the valuation methodologies applied by the investment manager.

Within the above reconciliation of financial assets through the consolidated income statement the following movements relate 
to level 3 assets: 

Fair value at the start of the period
Remeasurement recognised in the consolidated income statement
Purchases
Sales
Investment administrative expenses

Fair value at the end of the period 

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

239.4

(2.9)  
–

(168.9)  
(2.1)  

65.5

252.7
8.3
11.3
(30.3)  
(2.6)  

239.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 127

23 Financial instruments (continued)

At 25 December 2020, the Trust financial assets (all level 2 or 3, fair value of £967.1 million (2019: £947.5 million)) are exposed to 
market sensitivity and changes in valuation over time due to factors including currency, interest rate and commodity prices. As 
the fair value information is provided by the investment manager who has not been able to provide sensitivity analysis on the 
inputs to the fair values, the Group is unable to disclose this information. However, a five per cent movement in the fair value of 
these assets would result in a £48.4 million (2019: £47.4 million) increase/decrease to the carrying value, with a corresponding 
movement in an unrealised gain/loss in the income statement. A 10 per cent movement would increase this movement to 
£96.7 million (2019: £94.8 million).

(b) Fair value of current and non-current financial liabilities

Secured A Notes – 3.5456% maturing 

31 December 2034

Secured B Notes – 4.6956% maturing 

31 December 2049

25 December 2020

27 December 2019

Nominal value
 £m

Book value
 £m

Fair value  
£m

Nominal value  
£m

Book value
 £m

185.8

356.4

185.6

356.0

199.2

289.2

195.5

356.4

195.3

356.0

Fair value  
£m

209.7

290.0

Total

542.2

541.6

488.4

551.9

551.3

499.7

The Secured Notes are held at amortised cost. Other categories of financial liabilities include trade payables and contract 
liabilities, however there is no difference between the book value and fair value of these items.

The fair values of the Secured Notes are their market value at the balance sheet date and are considered to be level 1. 

In addition to the above financial liabilities include lease payables of £88.5 million (2019: £0.6 million), which represent the 
present value of future minimum lease payments. At 25 December 2020 there is no difference between the nominal value, book 
value and fair value of this liability.

(c) Trade receivables 
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that the counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, 
leading to a financial loss. The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (at-need trade receivables). 

Trade receivables 
Due to the nature of the Group’s customer base credit risk is managed by obtaining cash payments and/or deposits upfront 
where possible, setting up direct debt instalment payments from pre-need plan sales, together with staff training and internal 
control procedures to understand the customers’ ability to pay for services. Outstanding trade receivables are regularly 
monitored with an established credit control policy in place. 

At-need trade receivables are held net of provision for impairment. As at 25 December 2020, £10.2 million of the individual gross 
at-need trade receivables (2019: £10.7 million) were past due and partially impaired. Receivables are written off to the income 
statement when credit control procedures have been enforced. An impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date 
using a provision matrix to measure expected credit losses. The provision rates are based on past experience together with any 
expected changes. The amount of the provision, as at 25 December 2020, was £7.2 million (2019: £6.7 million). The individually 
impaired receivables principally relate to monies owing for funerals performed by the funeral services division. The ageing of 
at-need receivables is as follows:

One to six months
Over six months

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

3.6
6.6

10.2

5.0
5.7

10.7

The amount of gross at-need trade receivables past due that were not impaired was not significant.

There is no expected credit loss on trade receivables held by the Trusts on the basis that a separate refund liability is recorded 
for expected plan cancellations. All amounts outstanding to be paid under a member’s pre-need plan must be paid in full prior 
to the performance of the services under the plan. In the event of default any write-off would be offset by an equivalent or 
greater release of the related refund liability. See note 19. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 128

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

23 Financial instruments (continued)

Movements on the Group’s loss allowance for trade receivables are as follows:

At beginning of period
Charged to income statement
Utilised in period

At end of period

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

(6.7)  
(1.9)  
1.4

(7.2)  

(6.9)  
(1.1)  
1.3

(6.7)  

The maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of each class of financial assets. The Group does not hold collateral as 
security. 

Set out below is the information about credit risk exposure on at-need trade receivables using a provision matrix. £10.0 million 
(2019: £11.4 million) is excluded from the analysis as it relates to trade receivables held by the Trust.

25 December 2020

Days past due

Expected credit loss rate
Estimated total gross carrying amount at default
Expected credit loss

4.3%
11.1
0.5

10.1%
1.5
0.1

24.5%
0.8
0.2

41.5%
1.4
0.6

88.3%
6.5
5.8

21.3
7.2

Current

30–60 days

61–90 days

91–180 days

>181 days

Total 

27 December 2019

Days past due

Expected credit loss rate
Estimated total gross carrying amount at default
Expected credit loss

3.0%
11.1
0.3

11.0%
2.7
0.3

25.1%
0.9
0.2

43.4%
1.4
0.6

90.9%
5.7
5.3

21.8
6.7

Current

30–60 days

61–90 days

91–180 days

>181 days

Total 

(d) Borrowing facilities 
The Group has the following undrawn committed borrowing facilities available at 25 December 2020, all of which were at 
floating interest rates, in respect of which all conditions precedent had been met at that date:

Expiring within one year 
Expiring between one and two years
Expiring in more than two years

25 December
2020
 £m

27 December
2019
£m

10.0
–
55.0

65.0

5.0
–
105.0

110.0

£55.0 million (2019: £55.0 million) of the undrawn facilities available to the Group is a liquidity facility relating to the Class A and B 
Secured Notes. This facility may only be used to repay interest and principal on the Secured Notes in the event of insufficient 
cash to service these instruments. The facility is subject to annual renewal. However, if the bank providing the facility does not 
renew it, then the provider is required to place £55.0 million (2019: £55.0 million) in a bank account, which the Group may access 
as if it represented a borrowing facility on the same terms. The facility is available on these terms until the Secured Notes have 
been repaid in full. 

Following the sale of various trading assets held outside the Securitisation Group into the Securitisation Group in July 2020, the 
Group’s revolving credit facility (‘RCF’) was reduced by £40.0 million to £10.0 million (2019: £50.0 million). The RCF is provided by 
the Royal Bank of Scotland, which is secured against the remaining trade and assets held by legal entities outside of the Group’s 
securitisation structure. 

The facility is available until July 2021, with the option to renew, subject to the bank’s consent at the time, by a further year. The 
margin on the facility ranges from 150 to 225 basis points over LIBOR depending on the resulting gross leverage. This facility 
remains undrawn at the balance sheet date. Further details may be found in the Financial Review. 

In 2019, the remaining £5.0 million facility was extended for a further 12 months and expired in October 2020 and has not been 
renewed. These facilities incurred commitment fees at market rates. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 129

23 Financial instruments (continued)

(e) Maturity of financial liabilities 
The tables below analyse the Group’s financial liabilities, which will be settled on a net basis into relevant maturity groupings 
based on the remaining period at the balance sheet date to the contractual maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the tables 
are the contractual undiscounted cash flows, including interest costs yet to be incurred. The amounts disclosed for contract 
liabilities relate solely to the refund liability component which is considered to be a financial liability based on the expectation 
that cash will be returned to the plan holder on the cancellation of the plan. The deferred revenue component of contract 
liabilities is not considered to be a financial liability as there is no expected obligation to deliver cash. The maturity profile of the 
refund liability represents the Group’s assessment of the likely timing of such cash flows and the contractual undiscounted cash 
flow which would occur at that time.

Cash liabilities
Secured Notes (gross) 
Interest payable on Secured Notes
Lease liabilities

Debt repayments
Other financial liabilities

Refund liability

Total liabilities

Cash liabilities
Secured Notes (gross) 
Interest payable on Secured Notes
Finance leases

Debt repayments
Other financial liabilities 

Refund liability

Total liabilities

25 December 2020

In less than 
 one year
£m

In more than  
one year but  
not more than  
two years
£m

In more than  
two years but  
not more than 
three years
£m

In more than  
three years but  
not more than  
five years
£m

In more than  
five years
£m

15.1
34.7
11.9

61.7
68.4

130.1
1.1

131.2

10.6
22.7
11.0

44.3
0.4

44.7
1.1

45.8

10.9
22.3
10.4

43.6
0.3

43.9
1.1

45.0

23.0
43.5
19.2

85.7
0.5

86.2
2.2

88.4

482.6
316.9
93.7

893.2
0.7

893.9
9.5

903.4

27 December 2019 – restated

In less than  
one year
£m

In more than 
 one year but  
not more than 
 two years 
£m

In more than 
 two years but  
not more than  
three years
£m

In more than  
three years but  
not more than 
 five years
£m

In more than  
five years
£m

9.6
23.5
0.1

33.2
61.4

94.6
1.1

95.7

15.1
34.7
–

49.8
0.4

50.2
1.1

51.3

10.6
22.7
–

33.3
0.5

33.8
1.1

34.9

22.2
44.3
0.1

66.6
0.6

67.2
2.2

69.4

494.4
338.4
2.4

835.2
0.2

835.4
10.1

845.5

Total
£m

542.2
440.1
146.2

1,128.5
70.3

1,198.8
15.0

1,213.8

Total
£m

551.9
463.6
2.6

1,018.1
63.1

1,081.2
15.6

1,096.8

Other financial liabilities due in less than one year as at 27 December 2019 has been reduced by £2.7 million to reflect the 
elimination on consolidation of balances between the Trading Group and the Trusts which was omitted in error in establishing 
the amount disclosed in the prior period financial statements. Consequently, the above table has been restated. 

An administrative fee may be payable by the customer in the event of cancellation and therefore the refund liability may be 
lower than the total amount detailed above for refund liabilities. The administrative fee payable is dependent upon when the 
pre-need plan is cancelled, and the type of pre-need plan originally sold. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 130

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

23 Financial instruments (continued)

The amounts disclosed in the following tables represent the anticipated amortisation profile for the issue costs relating to the 
Group’s financial liabilities.

25 December 2020

In less than 
 one year
£m

In more than  
one year but  
not more than  
two years
£m

In more than  
two years but  
not more than 
three years
£m

In more than  
three years but  
not more than  
five years
£m

In more than  
five years
£m

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.6

0.6

27 December 2019

In less than 
 one year
£m

In more than  
one year but  
not more than  
two years
£m

In more than  
two years but  
not more than three 
years
£m

In more than  
three years but not 
more than  
five years
£m

In more than  
five years
£m

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.6

0.6

Total
£m

0.6

0.6

Total
£m

0.6

0.6

Non-cash liabilities
Issue costs on Secured Notes

Non-cash liabilities
Issue costs on Secured Notes

24 Ordinary share capital

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

6.2

6.2

Allotted and fully paid Equity shares
50,020,483 (2019: 50,012,394) Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143 pence (2019: 12 48/143 pence) each

Each Ordinary Share carries equal voting rights and there are no restrictions on any share.

During the period, the Group received nil consideration in relation to the 7,745 shares issued under the 2017 DABS scheme.

Potential issues of Ordinary Shares 
Certain employees hold options to subscribe for shares in the Company under an approved Save As You Earn (‘SAYE’) Scheme. In 
addition, Executive Directors and senior management hold options to subscribe for shares in the Company under Long-Term 
Incentive Plans (‘LTIPs’), including deferred annual bonus, awarded in 2018, 2019 and 2020. 

The total number of outstanding shares subject to options (excluding lapses), the periods in which they were granted and the 
periods in which they may be exercised are given below:

Year of grant

2019 – SAYE

2018 – LTIP

2019 – LTIP

2020 – LTIP

Exercise price 
(pence)

383.52

–

–

–

Exercise  
period

2020  
Number

2019  
Number

435,664

498,164

2018  
Number

n/a

120,523

146,157

146,157

270,904

388,719

264,271

n/a

n/a

n/a

1 December 2022
to 31 May 2023

16 March 2020
to 16 March 2027

23 March 2021
to 23 March 2028

12 June 2022
to 12 June 2029

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 131

25 Share-based payments 

In respect of share-based payments, total charges to the income statement were £1.4 million (2019: £0.8 million). The Group has 
both LTIP and SAYE schemes, both of which are equity based settled. 

LTIP Schemes
The LTIP Scheme was introduced after the flotation of the Group in 2004. Under the LTIP Scheme, the remuneration committee 
can grant options over shares in the Company to employees of the Group. Awards under the LTIP Scheme are generally 
reserved for the Executive Directors, the Operating Board Directors and senior management. The Company has made annual 
grants since April 2004. Options granted under the LTIP Scheme will normally become exercisable on the third anniversary  
of the date of grant, subject to the conditions described on page 75. For the 2019 and 2020 schemes the vested shares must 
be retained for two years by the Executive Directors and the Operating Board Directors. Exercise of an option is subject to 
continued employment unless an individual ceases to be an employee by reason of death, illness, redundancy or other 
similar circumstances.

Options were valued using the Monte Carlo option pricing model. Performance conditions were included in the fair value 
calculations. The fair value per option granted and the assumptions used in the calculation are as follows:

Grant date

Share price at grant date
Exercise price
Number of employees
Shares under option
Vesting period (years)
Expected volatility
Option life (years) 
Expected life (years)
Risk free rate
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield
Possibility of ceasing employment before vesting
Fair value per option

22 December
2020

£6.03
–
36
264,271(1)
3
60.2%
10
3
0.11%
0%
0%
£4.63

13 June
2019

£6.33
–
39
388,719
3
45.3%
10
3
0.78%
3.3%
0%
£3.85

23 March
2018

£8.90
–
37
146,157
3
29%
10
3
1.03%
1.4%
0%
£1.22

(1)  50 per cent of these options relate to total shareholder return with the remaining relating to market share price. 

The expected volatility is calculated by reference to historical volatility over the last three years. The expected life is the average 
expected period to exercise. The risk free rate of return is the yield on zero-coupon UK government bonds of a term consistent 
with the assumed option life.

Reconciliation of LTIP awards:

Award grant date 

(i) 16.03.17
(ii) 23.03.18
(iii) 13.06.19
(iv) 22.12.20

Outstanding  
as at 
27.12.19

133,942
146,157
388,719
–

 Granted  
during the period

Lapsed  
during the period

Forfeited  
during the period

Vested and 
exercised 
during the period

Outstanding  
as at 
25.12.20

–
–
–
264,271

(133,942)  
–
–
–

–
(25,634)  
(117,815)  
–

–
–
–
–

–
120,523
270,904
264,271

The options under the 2018, 2019 and 2020 LTIP Schemes have not yet vested.

During the period nil options under the 2017 scheme were exercised. 

The charge to the income statement in the period in respect of the LTIP Schemes was £1.0 million (2019: £0.6 million), all of 
which are equity based settled. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 132

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

25 Share-based payments (continued)

SAYE Scheme
One Inland Revenue approved SAYE Scheme was in place during the period. Options were valued using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model. No performance conditions were included in the fair value calculations. The fair value per option granted and the 
assumptions used in the calculation are as follows:

Grant date

Share price at grant date
Exercise price
Number of employees
Shares under option
Vesting period (years)
Expected volatility
Option life (years) 
Expected life (years)
Risk free rate
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield
Possibility of failing to save
Fair value per option

2019 Scheme
10 October 2019

£5.33
£3.83
901
506,837
3
47.0%
3.5
3
0.70%
0%
20%
£2.40

During the period 61,542 options (2019: 8,673 options) under the 2019 SAYE Scheme were forfeited and 958 options (2019: nil 
options) were exercised with a weighted average share price of £3.71.

The charge to the income statement in the period in respect of the SAYE Schemes was £0.4 million (2019: £0.2 million) all of 
which are equity based settled. 

The expected volatility is calculated by reference to historical volatility over the last three years. The expected life is the average 
expected period to exercise. The risk free rate of return is the yield on zero-coupon UK government bonds of a term consistent 
with the assumed option life. The options under the 2019 SAYE Scheme have not yet vested.

26 Net debt

Net amounts owing on Secured Notes per financial statements
Add: unamortised issue costs (note 18(a)) 

Gross amounts owing

Accrued interest on Secured Notes
Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group (note 17)

Net debt

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

(541.7)  
(0.5)  

(542.2)  

(12.0)  
73.6

(551.3)  
(0.6)  

(551.9)  

(12.2)  
57.9

(480.6)  

(506.2)  

Net debt is an alternative performance measure calculated as shown in the table. Net debt excludes any liabilities recognised in 
accordance with IFRS 16.

The Group’s primary financial covenant in respect of the Secured Notes requires EBITDA to total debt service (‘EBITDA DSCR’), in 
the securitisation group, to be at least 1.5 times. At 25 December 2020, the actual ratio was 1.99 times (2019: 2.13 times). 

These ratios are calculated for EBITDA and total debt service on a 12 month rolling basis and reported quarterly. In addition, 
both terms are specifically defined in the legal agreement relating to the Secured Notes. As such, they cannot be accurately 
calculated from the contents of this report.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 133

27 Reconciliation of cash generated from operations 

Net (loss)/profit for the period(1)
Adjustments for:
Taxation(1)
Finance costs(2)
Profit on sale of fixed assets
Depreciation charges on property, plant and equipment
Depreciation charges on right-of-use asset
Amortisation of intangibles
Movement in inventories
Movement in trade receivables
Movement in trade payables
Movement in contract liabilities
Fair value movement on Trust assets(2)
Net pension charges less contributions
Trade name impairment (note 9)
Goodwill impairment (note 9)
Share of loss and impairment in respect of associated undertakings
Changes in other working capital (excluding acquisitions)
Trust investment administrative expenses deducted at source(3)
Employee share option charges (note 25)

Cash flows from operating activities 

52 week period 
ended
25 December 
2020

£m

(25.5)  

5.9
76.8
(0.1)  
19.6
9.2
4.9
(1.1)  
2.4
(2.0)  
(40.2)  
(41.3)  
(1.6)  
15.3
28.7
–
5.1
5.2
1.4

62.7

52 week period 
ended
27 December 
2019
restated
£m

30.6

13.5
74.2
(1.0)  
19.1
–
5.0
0.6
(1.5)  
(0.8)  
(5.6)  
(79.5)  
(1.7)  
6.8
–
6.0
(7.7)  
5.8
0.8

64.6

(1)  Restatement reflects the corporate interest restriction disallowance treated as a prior year adjustment. See note 1 for further details. 

(2) 

(3) 

 Restatement reflects the separation of fair value movements on trust assets out of net finance costs/(income) to provide more accurate presentation in line with the 
consolidated income statement. 

 Restatement reflects the separation of Trust investment administrative expenses deducted at sources out of changes in other working capital to provide more accurate 
presentation of working capital. 

Other non-cash transactions
Non-cash charges comprise of amortisation of deferred debt issue costs, as discussed in note 18(a).

 
 
 
 134

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

28 Employees and Directors

Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs (note 29)
Share option charges (note 25)

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
£m

101.9
9.0
4.2
1.3

116.4

94.1
8.5
4.0
0.8

107.4

For the period ended 25 December 2020, key management are considered to be the Board of Directors plus the members of the 
Operating Board. For the period ended 27 December 2019, key management were considered to be the Board of Directors only. 
Total key management remuneration in the period was £3.0 million (2019: £2.2 million), including £0.2 million (2019: £0.3 million) 
relating to pensions and £0.4 million (2019: £0.3 million) related to share based payments. The monthly average number of 
people, including Directors, employed by the Group during the period was as follows:

Management and administration
Funeral services staff
Crematoria staff
Pre-arranged funeral plan staff

2020
Number

286
2,475
406
176

3,343

2019
Number
restated

286
2,548
420
160

3,414

Directors’ emoluments
Details of Directors’ emoluments are disclosed in the Report on Directors’ Remuneration on pages 70 to 80 which form part of 
these consolidated financial statements.

29 Pension commitments 

Defined contribution plans
The Group contributes to certain individuals’ personal pension schemes. These contributions are accounted for as defined 
contribution schemes.

Auto enrolment
A defined contribution scheme is used to address the Group’s obligations for auto enrolment. Both the employee and the Group 
contribute four per cent of pensionable pay. 

The pension costs for defined contribution schemes are as follows: 

Defined contribution schemes

2020
£m

3.6

2019
£m

3.5

Defined benefit plan 
The Group operates a defined benefit scheme the Dignity Pension and Assurance Scheme. A full actuarial valuation was carried 
out as at 6 April 2018 and subsequent reviews were completed at 6 April 2019 and 6 April 2020. This latest view has been 
updated to 25 December 2020 by a qualified independent Actuary.

After consultation with members of the defined benefit plan, the Group closed the scheme to new entrants on 1 October 2013 
and employee contributions were increased to 10 per cent (from 7 per cent) of pensionable salaries, with the Group contributing 
the same amount (an increase from 9.2per cent). The plan closed to future accrual on 28 February 2017, except for members of 
the LGPS sections who continue to accrue benefits. No curtailment charge arose on the scheme closure. Contributions for 
ongoing service paid by the employer for 2020 were £0.1 million (2019: £0.1 million of contributions). In addition special 
contributions of £2.1 million (2019: £2.1 million) have been paid to make total contributions for the year of £2.2 million (2019: 
£2.2 million). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 135

29 Pension commitments (continued)

The principal actuarial assumptions at the balance sheet date were:

Assumptions 

Discount rate
Rate of increase in salaries
Pensions increase assumption: RPI capped at 5% p.a.
Pensions increase assumption: RPI capped at 2 1/2% p.a.
RPI price inflation assumption
CPI price inflation assumption – Pre February 2030
CPI price inflation assumption – Post January 2030

2020
%

1.35
2.20
3.10
2.20
3.20
2.20
3.20

2019
%

1.95
2.20
3.10
2.20
3.20
2.20
2.20

The demographic assumptions used include rates for mortality which, for example, lead to an average projected life expectancy 
of 22.0 (2019: 19.8) years for male members and 24.3 (2019: 25.1) years for female members currently aged 65 and of 22.9 (2019: 
20.7) years from age 65 for male members and 25.4 (2019: 26.3) years from age 65 for female members currently aged 50.

Pensions and other post-retirement obligations 
The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows:

Fair value of plan assets
Present value of funded obligations

Net obligation recognised in the balance sheet

Analysis of amount charged to income statement in respect of defined benefit schemes

Current service cost included within cost of sales (staff costs)

Administration expenses paid by the scheme

Interest costs less interest income included within net finance cost

Analysis of fair value of plan assets

Equity and diversified growth funds
Debt
Cash

Fair value of plan assets

£m

62.0
 56.8
2.8

121.6

2020
£m

121.6
(158.2)  

(36.6)  

2019
£m

114.5
(140.5)  

(26.0)  

2020
£m

0.1

0.4

0.5

2020

2019

%

51.0
46.7
2.3

£m

60.6
53.4
0.5

2019
£m

0.1

0.4

0.7

%

52.9
46.6
0.5

100.0

114.5

100.0

At 25 December 2020 and 27 December 2019 the Pension Trustees did not hold, on behalf of the scheme, any direct 
investments in the Group, nor did the Group occupy any property or other assets included within the fair value of plan assets.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 136

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

29 Pension commitments (continued)

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows:

Present value of obligation at beginning of period
Current service cost
Interest cost
Benefits paid
Remeasurement losses – financial
Remeasurement (losses)/gains – demographics
Remeasurement (losses)/gains – experience

Present value of obligation at end of period

Changes in the fair value of plan assets are as follows:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of period
Interest income on plan assets
Contributions by Group
Benefits paid
Administration expenses paid by the scheme(a)
Remeasurement gains/(losses)

Fair value of plan assets at end of period 

(a)  Administration expenses paid by the scheme includes £0.2 million charged (2019: £0.2 million charged) to other comprehensive income.

Analysis of the movement in the balance sheet obligation

At beginning of period
Total expense as above charged to the income statement
Remeasurement losses and administration expenses charged to other comprehensive income
Contributions by Group 

At end of period

The actual return on plan assets was £10.5 million (2019: £14.7 million).

Change in assumptions

No change
0.25% rise in discount rate
0.25% fall in discount rate
0.25% rise in inflation
0.25% fall in inflation

Liabilities
£m

(158.2)  
(151.3)  
(165.4)  
(163.0)  
(153.6)  

Assets
£m

121.6
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.6

2020
£m

(140.5)  
(0.1)  
(2.7)  
4.8
(17.4)  
(1.9)  
(0.4)  

(158.2)  

2020
£m

114.5
2.2
2.2
(4.8)  
(0.7)  
8.2

121.6

2020  
£m

(26.0)  
(1.1)  
(11.7)  
2.2

(36.6)  

Deficit
£m

(36.6)  
(29.7)  
(43.8)  
(41.4)  
(32.0)  

2019
£m

(128.7)  
(0.1)  
(3.5)  
5.2
(16.6)  
2.5
0.7

(140.5)  

2019
£m

103.5
2.8
2.2
(5.2)  
(0.6)  
11.8

114.5

2019  
£m

(25.2)  
(1.2)  
(1.8)  
2.2

(26.0)  

(Increase)/ 
decrease in  
deficit
£m

–
6.9
(7.2)  
(4.8)  
4.6

The above sensitivity analysis has been determined by applying the results of a fully accurate sensitivity analysis as at 6 April 
2020 to the value placed on the Scheme liabilities as at 25 December 2020, assuming that the proportionate impact of the 
change in assumptions would be the same. It is therefore approximate as it does not allow for the impact of plan experience 
since 6 April 2020. 

Analysis of present value of scheme liabilities

Active members(a)
Deferred pensioners
Current pensioners
Average duration of liabilities 

(a)  Active members are members of the Scheme who are still employed by the Group.

2020

2019

33%
27%
40%
18 years

33%
26%
41%
18.5 years

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 137

29 Pension commitments (continued)

Scheme characteristic
The Company currently operates a defined benefits plan, the Dignity Pension & Assurance Scheme. The benefits provided by the 
Plan are final salary defined benefit benefits with the contributions paid by the Employer on a balance of cost basis. The Plan is 
run by the Trustees of the Plan who ensure that the Plan is run in accordance with the Trust Deed & Rules and complies with 
legislation. The Trustees are required by law to fund the Plan on prudent funding assumptions under the Trust Deed & Rules 
of the Plan. The contributions payable by the Employer to fund the Plan are set by the Trustees after consulting the Employer.

The assets of the Plan are invested in managed funds with Mercer. The managed funds are diversified by fund and by 
investment strategy.

The Plan closed to future accrual on 28 February 2017, except for members of the LGPS Sections who continue to accrue 
benefits. 

Funding arrangements 
The Trustees use the Projected Unit funding method. The lastest full valuation is being undertaken as at 6 April 2020.

The Group currently commits deficit contributions of £1,700,000 per annum. Based on the results of the 2017 actuarial 
valuation, this rate of contributions was projected to eliminate the deficit disclosed by that valuation by 31 March 2024. The 
initial results of the valuation as at 6 April 2020, suggest this level of contributions will need to be significantly increased. 

The employees of the LGPS Section currently contribute to the Plan in line with the rates set out in the Plan Rules and the 
Employer contributes £45,720 per annum in order to fund future service accrual. 

The expenses of administering the Plan and levies required by the Pensions Protection Fund and the Pensions Regulator are 
currently met by the Scheme. The Group contributes an additional £450,000 per annum in order to fund these expenses.

Funding risks
The assets quoted are comprised as follows:

Assets held by investment managers
Balance of the Trustees’ bank account

Total

2020
£m

121.0
0.6

121.6

2019
£m

114.0
0.5

114.5

The following list is not exhaustive but covers the main risks for the Plan. Some of the risks can be reduced by adjusting the 
funding strategy with the help of the Trustees, for example investment matching risk. Other risks cannot easily be removed, 
for example longevity risk, and the Employer must be aware of these risks and ask the Trustees to monitor them closely.

Investment return risk 
If the assets under-perform the returns assumed in setting the funding targets then additional contributions may be required at 
subsequent valuations.

Investment matching risk 
The Plan invests significantly in equity type assets, whereas the solvency target is closely related to the return on bonds. 
If equities type assets have fallen in value relative to the matching asset of bonds additional contributions may be required.

Longevity risk 
If future improvements in mortality exceed the assumptions made then additional contributions may be required.

Legislative risk
The Government may introduce over-riding legislation which leads to an increase in the value of Plan benefits.

Solvency risk
As the funding target is not a solvency target, and the investment strategy does not follow that required for a solvency target, the 
assets of the Plan may not be sufficient to provide all members with the full value of their benefits on a plan wind-up. 

 
 
 
 138

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

30 Pre-arranged funeral plans 

(a) Commitments
The Trading Group has sold pre-arranged funeral plans to clients in the past, giving commitments to these clients to perform 
their funeral. All monies from the sale of these funeral plans are paid into and controlled by a number of trusts. These include 
the Trusts consolidated within the Group’s financial statements in addition to a number of other trusts (the ‘Small Trusts’). 
The Small Trusts are not consolidated in the Group’s results as the Group does not control these trusts.

The Group is obligated to perform these funerals in exchange for the assets of the respective trusts, whatever they may be. 
It is the view of the Directors that none of the commitments given to these clients are onerous to the Group. However ultimately, 
the Group is obligated to perform these funerals in exchange for the assets of the respective trusts, whatever they may be. 

The Small Trusts had approximately £16.9 million (2019: £17.5 million) of net assets as at the balance sheet date.

Only the Trusts consolidated within the Group’s financial statements receive funds relating to the sale of new plans.

(b) Actuarial valuation
The Trustees of the Trusts are required to have the Trusts’ liabilities actuarially valued once a year. This actuarial valuation is of 
liabilities of the Trusts to secure funerals through Dignity and other third party funeral directors and does not, in respect of those 
funerals delivered by the Group represent the cost of delivery of the funeral. Assets of the Trusts include instalment amounts 
due in the future from clients, as these amounts are payable on death and are therefore relevant to the actuarial valuation. 
However, this means that assets detailed in the actuarial valuations will not agree on a particular day to the assets recognised in 
the Group’s consolidated balance sheet because the Group does not include future receivable amounts in the consolidated 
balance sheet.

The Trustees have advised that the latest actuarial valuations of the Trusts were performed as at 25 September 2020 (2019: 
27 September) using assumptions determined by the Trustees. Actuarial liabilities in respect of the Trusts have increased to 
£995 million as at 25 September 2020 (2019: £987 million). The corresponding market value of the assets of the Trusts was 
£999 million (2019: £1,004 million) as at the same date. Consequently the actuarial valuations recorded a total surplus of 
£4 million at 25 September 2020 (2019: surplus of £17 million). The Group considers these to be prudent assumptions. 

Active members and assets per plan 

Supported by:
The Trusts
The Small Trusts
Insurance Plans

25 December
2020
Number

27 December
2019
Number

319,000
46,000
193,000

558,000

311,000
48,000
164,000

523,000

The Trusts have approximately £3,400 (2019: £3,300) per active plan. On average the Trading Group received approximately 
£3,000 (2019: £2,900) in the period for the performance of each funeral (including amounts to cover disbursements such as 
crematoria fees, ministers’ fees and doctors’ fees). 

Insurance Plans are those plans for which the Group is the named beneficiary on life assurance products sold by third party 
insurance companies.

(c) Transactions with the Group 
During the period, the Group entered into transactions with the Small Trusts. Amounts may only be paid out of the Trusts in 
accordance with the relevant Trust Deeds. Transactions (which were recognised as revenue in the funeral division) amounted to 
£0.9 million (2019: £1.1 million) in the period and principally comprised receipts from the Small Trusts in respect of funerals 
provided. No amounts were due to the Group on either balance sheet date.

 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 139

31 Contingent liabilities 

(a) Securitisation 
BNY Mellon Corporate Trustee Services Limited in its capacity as Security Trustee of the Secured Notes has the following 
guarantees and charges: 

•  The Dignity (2002) Group have granted the Security Trustee fixed and floating charges over all assets and undertakings of the 

Dignity (2002) Group;(i)

•  Dignity plc has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any monies 

receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity (2004) Limited, Dignity (2008) Limited, Dignity (2011) Limited and 
Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited;

•  Dignity (2004) Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited and Dignity (2002) Limited;

•  Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and 

any monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Holdings Limited;

•  Dignity Holdings Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Mezzco Limited;

•  Dignity Holdings Limited has also assigned to the Security Trustee by way of security with full title guarantee, its right title and 

interest in the loans (both interest and non-interest bearing) to Dignity (2002) Limited; 

•  Dignity Mezzco Limited has also assigned to the Security Trustee by way of security with full title guarantee, its right title and 

interest in the loan to Dignity (2002) Limited;

•  Dignity (2004) Limited has granted the Security Trustee, with full title guarantee a floating charge over the assets now or in the 

future owned by Dignity (2004) Limited (other than those assets validly and effectively charged by way of fixed security);

•  Dignity plc, Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited, Dignity Holdings Limited and Dignity Mezzco Limited have granted the Security 

Trustee, with full title guarantee a floating charge over the assets now or in the future owned by each of Dignity plc, Dignity 
Holdings No.2 Limited, Dignity Holdings Limited and Dignity Mezzco Limited (other than those assets validly and effectively 
charged by way of fixed security); 

•  The Guarantors(ii) each irrevocably and unconditionally jointly and severally guarantees to the Security Trustee punctual 

performance by each other Obligor of that Obligor’s obligations and agrees as a primary obligation to indemnify the Security 
Trustee immediately on demand against any cost, loss or liability suffered by it if any obligation guaranteed by the Guarantors 
is or becomes unenforceable, invalid or illegal;

•  Dignity Funerals Limited and Derriman & Haynes Funeral Services Limited have granted the Security Trustee with full title 

guarantee, a first legal mortgage over each of its rights, title and interest from time to time in properties situated in England 
and Wales;

•  Dignity Funerals Limited has granted the Security Trustee with full title guarantee(iii), a first legal mortgage over its rights, title 

and interest from time to time in properties situated in Northern Ireland; 

•  Dignity Finance PLC has granted BNY Mellon Corporate Trustee Services Limited (in its capacity as Note Trustee) with full title 

guarantee, an assignment by way of security of its benefit in each Issuer Transaction Document (other than the Trust 
Documents), the Security Trust Deed and each Obligor Security Document and charges by way of first fixed charge the benefit 
of its accounts; and

•  Dignity Funerals Limited has, in respect of any Scottish property which is capable of being so charged, granted ‘standard 

securities’ in favour of the Security Trustee(iv).

(i)  Means Dignity (2002) Limited and its subsidiaries.

(ii) 

 Means the Obligors (other than Dignity (2002) Limited (as Borrower)), Dignity (2004) Limited, Dignity plc, Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited, Dignity Holdings Limited and Dignity 
Mezzco Limited. 

(iii)  This mortgage is governed by the laws of Northern Ireland.

(iv)  The standard securities are governed by Scots Law.

At 25 December 2020, the amount outstanding in relation to these borrowings was £542.2 million (2019: £551.9 million).

 140

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

31 Contingent liabilities (continued)

(b) £10,000,000 Revolving Credit Facility 
As a consequence of the legal structure of the £10 million Revolving Credit Facility:

•  Dignity Funerals No.3 Limited, Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited, Dignity (2008) Limited, Dignity Crematoria Limited and Dignity 

Crematoria No.2 Limited have each granted NatWest (acting through its agent, the Royal Bank of Scotland plc (‘NatWest’)) fixed 
and floating charges over its assets and undertakings; 

•  Dignity Funerals No.3 Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Arthur J Nash Limited, T J Brown & Sons Limited and Aberdeen 
Funeral Directors Limited;

•  Dignity (2008) Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any monies 

receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Crematoria Limited;

•  Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any 

monies receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Funerals No.3 Limited; and

•  Dignity Crematoria Limited has granted NatWest, with full title guarantee a first fixed charge over the shares (and any monies 

receivable in respect of the shares) which it holds in Dignity Crematoria No.2 Limited. 

32 Related party transactions 
There are no related party transactions for either period.

33 Investments 
A list of all entities included within the financial information are included in note C9 to the Company’s financial statements.

34 Post balance sheet events 

Regulation and the funeral plan market
HM Treasury had previously announced that prepaid funeral plans would be subject to regulation by the Financial Conduct 
Authority (‘FCA’). On 2 March 2021, the FCA published their consultation paper with their proposed approach to regulation.

If the FCA rules are enacted in the way they are currently drafted they will have a profound impact on both the wider industry 
and Dignity. We welcome the opportunity to work closely with the FCA over the coming months to ensure the rules provide the 
much needed consumer protection, but also supporting the FCA in their understanding of the potential unintended 
consequences on the industry as a result of the current drafting.

Tax rate change
In the budget on 3 March 2021 by HM Government, legislation to increase the main rate of corporation tax from 19 per cent to 
25 per cent from 1 April 2023 was announced. This will be reflected in the Group’s financial results once substantively enacted.  

Requisition Notice
On 11 March 2021, Dignity plc received a requisition notice pursuant to section 303(1) of the Companies Act 2006 requiring that 
the Board convenes a general meeting of shareholders for the purposes of considering and, if thought fit, approving resolutions 
to remove the existing Executive Chairman, Clive Whiley as a Director and appoint Gary Channon as an Executive Director. The 
Requisition Notice was delivered by Phoenix UK Fund Limited, the Company’s largest shareholder.

The Phoenix UK Fund is managed by Phoenix Asset Management Partners and Mr Channon is the founder and chief investment 
officer of Phoenix Asset Management Partners.

35 Adoption of IFRS 16 – Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities 

Background
The Group has adopted the requirements of IFRS 16, Leases, for the first time within this Annual Report. The adoption of the 
standard has had a material impact on the Group’s primary financial statements, including impacts on operating profit, profit 
before tax, total assets and total liabilities.

IFRS 16 is applicable for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. Due to the fact that the Group’s 2019 reporting 
period began on 29 December 2018 the Group has adopted IFRS 16 retrospectively for its 2020 reporting period beginning on 
28 December 2019. Comparatives for the 2019 reporting period have not been restated as permitted under the specific 
transition provisions in the standard. The reclassifications and the adjustments arising from the new leasing rules have therefore 
been recognised in the opening balance sheet on 28 December 2019.

Approximately 50 per cent of the Group’s properties are on lease terms that were previously accounted for as an operating lease 
under the principles of IAS 17, Leases. The minimum undiscounted lease commitment on these leases as disclosed in the 2019 
Annual Report was approximately £228 million at the end of 2019.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 141

35 Adoption of IFRS 16 – Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities (continued)

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group has recognised lease liabilities in relation to leases which had previously been classified as 
‘operating leases’. These liabilities are measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the 
Trading Group’s incremental borrowing rate (‘IBR’) as at 28 December 2019 for a borrowing of similar duration. The weighted 
average lessee’s IBR applied to the lease liabilities on 28 December 2019 was 4.9 per cent, with a minimum rate of 3.6 per cent 
and a maximum rate of 6.8 per cent. 

The IBRs have been determined as follows: 

a)   We have derived rates based on corporate bond yields to maturity reflecting the Group’s indicative credit rating. In order 
to assess the Group’s IBRs we considered yield curves at 28 December 2019 for similarly rated listed corporate bonds for 
durations aligned with the adjusted unexpired lease durations at 28 December 2019.

b)   An asset/lease specific adjustment is then applied, if needed, to reflect the nature of the lease collateral. Such an adjustment 
has not been required on transition and we have performed a high level cross check against other indicators of lease pricing 
to confirm this. Given the specialised nature of Group’s properties there are no direct property market benchmarks and 
therefore we have looked at retail, industrial and long income sub-sectors to obtain indicative reference points.

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group has recognised a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying leased asset 
and a corresponding lease liability for future lease payables for each operating lease in which the Group is a lessee on its 
consolidated balance sheet. 

Right-of-use assets are measured at an amount equal to the lease liability, adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or accrued 
lease payments relating to that lease recognised in the balance sheet as at 28 December 2019. Furthermore, assets relating to 
finance leases held on the balance sheet at 27 December 2019 have been transferred into the right-of-use asset.

The right-of-use asset has been depreciated on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease. Interest has been recognised on the 
lease liability, resulting in a higher interest expense in the earlier years of the lease term. The total expense recognised in the 
consolidated income statement over the life of the lease will be unaffected by the new standard, however, IFRS 16 will result in 
the timing of lease expense recognition being accelerated for leases which would be currently accounted for as operating leases.

The lease term comprises the non-cancellable lease term, in addition to optional periods when the Group is reasonably certain 
to exercise an option to extend or not to terminate a lease.

Transition 
In order to establish the impact on the Group’s opening consolidated balance sheet for the period ending 25 December 2020, 
the lease portfolio at transition date has been used, which has resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets of £101.7 million, 
with corresponding lease liabilities of £93.6 million.

For the period ending 25 December 2020, operating profit increased by £4.6 million and profit before tax decreased by 
£0.1 million as the pre-IFRS 16 rental charge was replaced by depreciation, interest charge and a release of accruals and 
prepayments. The Group’s 2020 current tax charge is unaffected. Furthermore, there will be no impact on profit before tax or 
the Group’s current tax charge (assuming consistent rates of tax) over the life of the lease portfolio. 

At 25 December 2020 the Group held a right-of-use asset of £95.2 million and a corresponding lease liability of £88.5 million. 
Furthermore, operating costs of £12.1 million were replaced by a depreciation charge of £9.2 million, a release of accruals and 
prepayments of £1.7 million and a finance cost of £4.7 million. See note 11 for further details. 

There will be no impact on the way the Group runs its business, and on a cash basis the Group will pay out less cash due to the 
reduction in corporation tax. The presentation of the cash flow statement will also change as operating cashflows will include 
adjustments for depreciation and finance costs, tax paid will decrease/increase (no impact over the life of the lease portfolio) and 
principal and interest costs will be included under financing activities. 

Due to the modified retrospective transition method being applied there has been no deferred tax implications on transition 
as the right-of-use asset equals the lease liability being recognised, with the exception of a £0.9 million difference relating to 
prepaid and accrued lease payments and £7.2 million representing amounts paid to acquire the long leasehold interest in land 
at certain of the Group’s properties. In addition, £0.8 million has been credited to equity on transition, which represents rent 
reviews not contractually concluded as at 28 December 2019. This £0.8 million credit to reserves is a restatement from the 
balances reported in the 2020 Interim Report following a more detailed review of the contractual rent reviews.

 142

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

35 Adoption of IFRS 16 – Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities (continued)

Transition roll
Below is a reconciliation from previously disclosed operating lease commitments to lease liability on transition:

Operating lease commitments disclosed as at 27 December 2019 
Less: non-IFRS 16 leases and practical expedients

IFRS 16 qualifying leases – undiscounted

Group’s weighted average incremental borrowing rate at the date of application (1)

Lease liabilities recognised as at 27 December 2019
Add: finance leases already held under IAS 17
Add: onerous leases held as provisions

Lease liability recognised as at 28 December 2019

Of which:
Current lease liability
Non-current lease liability

(1)  This weighted average rate is based on various lease terms ranging from 1 – 999 years.

The change in accounting policy affected the following items in the balance sheet on 28 December 2019:

Property, plant and equipment (finance leases previously held under IAS 17)
Prepayments (previously held in financial and other assets) (1)
Right-of-use of assets

Total non-current assets

Current lease liability
Non-current lease liability

Total lease liability

27 Dec
 2019
£m

0.5
7.2
–

7.7

–
0.6

0.6

Impact of 
 IFRS 16
£m

(0.5)  
(7.2)  
101.7

94.0

5.9
87.1

93.0

£m

227.9
(69.2)  

158.7

4.9%

92.9
0.6
0.1

93.6

5.9
87.7

28 Dec
 2019
£m

–
–
101.7

101.7

5.9
87.7

93.6

(1) 

 Prepayments represent amounts paid to acquire the long leasehold interest in land at certain of the Group’s properties. These were not included within the right-of-use asset 
transition balance as reported in the 2020 Interim Report. They have now been included as, on further review, this is considered necessary to comply with IFRS 16. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 143

35 Adoption of IFRS 16 – Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities (continued)

Practical expedients applied
In applying IFRS 16 for the first time, the Group has applied the following practical expedients permitted by the standard:

•  applying a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics;

•  accounting for operating leases with a remaining lease term of less than 12 months from the date of initial application; and 

•  using hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease.

In addition, the Group has applied the low-value asset exemption on transition for existing lease contracts previously classified 
as operating leases for which the underlying asset rental is below £1,000 per annum. 

The above exemptions in relation to lease terms less than 12 months and low-value assets will also be applied on an 
ongoing basis. 

The Group has also elected not to reassess whether a contract is, or contains a lease at the date of initial application. Instead, for 
contracts entered into before the transition date the Group relied on its assessment made applying IAS 17 and Interpretation 4 
Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease. 

 144

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Dignity plc Company balance sheet
As at 25 December 2020
Financial statements

Fixed assets
Investments 

Current assets
Trade and other receivables
Cash 

Total current assets

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 

Net current assets

Total assets less current liabilities

Net assets

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
Share premium account
Capital redemption reserve
Other reserves
Retained earnings

Total equity 

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

Note

C2

C3

C4

C5

151.3

149.9

285.7
48.9

334.6

(14.2)  

320.4

471.7

471.7

6.2
12.7
141.7
4.8
306.3

471.7

295.3
29.8

325.1

(15.0)  

310.1

460.0

460.0

6.2
12.5
141.7
3.7
295.9

460.0

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to publish its 
individual profit and loss account and related notes. The Company made a profit attributable to the equity shareholders of 
£10.4 million in the period (2019: loss of £12.6 million). 

The financial statements on pages 144 to 153 were approved by the Board of Directors on 17 March 2021 and were signed on its 
behalf by:

C P Whiley, Executive Chairman 

D R Moore, Interim Chief Financial Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Company statement of changes in equity
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 145

Ordinary 
share
capital
£m

Share 
premium
account
£m

Capital  
redemption
reserve
£m

Other 
 reserves
£m

Retained
earnings
£m

Shareholders’ equity as at 28 December 2018 
Loss for the period
Effects of employee share options
Proceeds from share issue
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust
Dividends paid on Ordinary Shares

Total transactions with owners, recognised 

directly in equity

Shareholders’ equity as at 27 December 2019

Profit for the period
Effects of employee share options
Proceeds from share issue
Gift to Employee Benefit Trust

Total transactions with owners, recognised 

directly in equity

6.2
–
–
–
–
–

–

6.2

–
–
–
–

–

Shareholders’ equity as at 25 December 2020

6.2

12.4
–
–
0.1
–
–

0.1

12.5

–
–
0.2
–

0.2

12.7

141.7
–
–
–
–
–

–

141.7

–
–
–
–

–

141.7

2.7
–
1.1
–
(0.1)  
–

1.0

3.7

–
1.3
–
(0.2)  

1.1

4.8

316.4
(12.6)  
–
–
–
(7.9)  

(7.9)  

295.9

10.4
–
–
–

–

306.3

Total
£m

479.4
(12.6)  
1.1
0.1
(0.1)  
(7.9)  

(6.8)  

460.0

10.4
1.3
0.2
(0.2)  

1.3

471.7

Capital redemption reserve
The capital redemption reserve represents £80,002,465 B Shares that were issued on 2 August 2006 and redeemed for cash on 
the same day, £19,274,610 B Shares that were issued on 10 October 2010 and redeemed for cash on 11 October 2010, 
£22,263,112 B Shares that were issued on 12 August 2013 and redeemed for cash on 20 August 2013 and £20,154,070 B Shares 
that were issued and redeemed for cash in November 2014.

Other reserves
Other reserves includes movements relating to the Group’s SAYE and LTIP schemes.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 146

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

C1 Principal accounting policies

Basis of preparation
The financial statements of the Company for the period ended 25 December 2020 were authorised for issue by the Board of 
Directors and the balance sheet was signed on the Board’s behalf by Mr C P Whiley and Mr D R Moore. The Company is 
incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales. The Company’s registered address is 4 King Edwards Court, King Edwards 
Square, Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, B73 6AP.

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006, as applicable to 
companies using Financial Reporting Standard 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (‘FRS 101’). The financial statements have 
been prepared on a going concern basis under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies are set out below 
and have been applied consistently throughout the year.

The Company’s financial statements are presented in Sterling and all values are stated in pound million rounded to one decimal 
place (£m) except where otherwise indicated.

In accordance with the concession granted under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the income statement of the 
Company has not been separately presented in the financial statements. 

In the current period, the Company’s financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week period ended 25 December 
2020. For the comparative period, the Company’s financial statements have been prepared for the 52 week period ended 
27 December 2019.

Exemptions: 
As permitted by FRS 101 the following exemptions from the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) 
have been applied in the preparation of these financial statements:

•  The following paragraphs of IAS 1, ‘Presentation of financial statements’:

– 10(d) (statement of cash flows); 

– 16 (statement of compliance with all IFRS);

– 38A (requirement for minimum of two primary statements, including cash flow statements);

– 38B-D (additional comparative information);

– 111 (cash flow statement information); and

– 134-136 (capital management disclosures).

•  Paragraph 38 of IAS 1 ‘Presentation of financial statements’ comparative information requirements in respect of: 

Paragraph 79 (a) (iv) of IAS 1 ‘Presentation of financial statements’.

•  IAS 7, ‘Statement of cash flows’.

•  Paragraph 30 and 31 of IAS 8 ‘Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors’ (requirement for the disclosure 

of information when an entity has not applied a new IFRS that has been issued but is not yet effective).

•  IFRS 7, ‘Financial instruments: Disclosures’.

•  Paragraph 17 of IAS 24, ‘Related party disclosures’ (key management compensation).

•  The requirements in IAS 24, ‘Related party disclosures’ to disclose related party transactions entered into between two or more 

members of a group.

The Company is eligible to apply the above exemptions as it is included in the consolidated financial statements of Dignity plc 
who prepare financial statements under IFRS and include the above disclosures. 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 147

C1 Principal accounting policies (continued)

New standards, amendments and IFRIC interpretations
No new accounting standards, or amendments to accounting standards, or IFRIC interpretations that are effective for the year 
ended 25 December 2020, have had a material impact on the Company. 

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions 
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with FRS 101 requires management to make estimates, assumptions 
and judgements in certain circumstances that affect reported amounts. The key judgements affecting the financial statements 
are detailed below:

Investments in subsidiary undertakings impairment assessment
Performing the annual impairment assessment for investments in subsidiary undertakings requires the use of estimates 
including those in respect of future cash flows, growth rates and an appropriate discount rate as set out in note 9 to the Group’s 
consolidated financial statements. The assessment is also sensitive to movements in the fair value of the financial assets held 
within the Trusts and the fair value of the Group’s external debt, as set out in note 23 to the Group’s consolidated financial 
statements. The current impairment test indicates minimal headroom such that a change in value-in-use arising as a result of 
change in assumptions, or adverse market change in the fair value of the Trust investments or Group debt, would give rise to an 
impairment charge of a similar amount.

Fixed asset investments

Fixed asset investments are stated at historical cost, less any provision for impairment.

Impairment of fixed assets
The carrying values of fixed assets are reviewed for impairment in periods where events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that the carrying value may not be recoverable or at the end of the first full financial year following the recognition. Any 
impairment in the value of fixed assets below depreciated historical cost is charged to the income statement within operating 
profit. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in the income statement to the extent that the original loss was recognised.

Employee share schemes
The Company operates two employee share schemes: The Save As You Earn Scheme (‘SAYE’) and Long-Term Incentive Plan 
Scheme (‘LTIP’).

The Company applies IFRS 2 in respect of share option schemes resulting in the charge for such schemes being recognised in 
a subsidiary of the Company. The Company’s financial statements reflect the cost of the scheme as an increase in the cost of 
investment in the subsidiary with the corresponding credit included within other reserves.

Employee share trust 
The assets of the employee share trust are held by a separate limited company, of which the Directors consider that Dignity plc 
has de facto control. In accordance with IFRS, Accounting for ESOP Trusts and the substance of the transaction, the trust’s assets 
and liabilities are recognised in the Company’s balance sheet.

Dividends
Dividend distributions to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the financial statements in the period in 
which they are approved by the Company’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recorded in the financial statements when paid.

Financial instruments
Borrowings
All borrowings and loans are initially recognised at the fair value of consideration received or paid after deduction of issue costs 
and are subsequently measured at amortised cost. The issue costs and interest payable or receivable on debt finance are 
charged/credited to the Income statement, as interest payable and similar charges or interest receivable and similar income, on 
a constant-yield basis over the term of the borrowings, or over a shorter period where it is more likely than not that the lender 
will require earlier repayment using the effective interest method.

Trade and other receivables 
Initial recognition and measurement 
Financial assets are classified at initial recognition, and are subsequently measured, at amortised cost as the Company’s financial 
assets give rise to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and, where applicable, interest on the principal amount and it 
is the Company’s business model to collect the contractual cash flows. 

Impairment 
The Company recognises an allowance for expected credit losses (‘ECLs’) for all receivables held at amortised cost. ECLs are 
based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the 
Company expects to receive.

 148

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

C1 Principal accounting policies (continued)

ECLs are recognised in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since 
initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the next 12 months 
(a 12 month ECL). For those credit exposures for which there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, 
a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, irrespective of the timing of the 
default (a lifetime ECL).

Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its 
liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct transaction costs. 

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and on demand deposits and amounts included in accounts restricted for 
specific uses.

C2 Investments in subsidiary undertakings 

Cost and net book amount

At beginning of period 
Additions in respect of share-based payments 

At end of period

£m

149.9
1.4

151.3

Additions in the period reflect the effect of capital contributions to subsidiaries as a result of share-based payment schemes 
operated in those companies over the shares of Dignity plc.

A detailed listing of all subsidiary undertakings is included in note C9 below.

The market capitalisation of the Company was lower than the aggregate of the amount of the Company’s investment in 
subsidiaries and receivables from those entities. However, the Directors consider that the carrying value of the investments is 
supported by their underlying net assets and value-in-use. This assessment is sensitive to assumptions in relation to value-in-use, 
as set out in note 9 to the Group’s consolidated financial statements, to movements in the fair value of the financial assets held 
within the Trusts and the fair value of the Group’s external debt, as set out in note 23 to the Group’s consolidated financial 
statements. The current impairment test indicates minimal headroom such that a change in value-in-use arising as a result of 
change in assumptions, or adverse market change in the fair value of the Trust investments or Group debt, would give rise to 
an impairment charge of a similar amount.

C3 Trade and other receivables: amounts falling due within one year

Amounts owed by group undertakings
Corporation tax

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

285.5
0.2

285.7

295.3
–

295.3

An ECL of £0.3 million is held against amounts owed by group undertakings. There has been no movement in the ECL during 
the period. 

C4 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 

Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings
Accruals 
Corporation tax 

C5 Called up share capital and reserves 

Allotted and fully paid Equity shares
50,020,483 (2019: 50,012,394) Ordinary Shares of 12 48/143p (2019: 12 48/143p) each

Each Ordinary Share carries equal voting rights and there are no restrictions on any share.

See note 24 of the Group’s consolidated accounts for further details.

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

12.4
1.8
–

14.2

12.4
1.9
0.7

15.0

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

6.2

6.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 149

C6 Dividends 

Final dividend paid: Nil per Ordinary Share (2019: 15.74p)
Interim dividend paid: Nil per Ordinary Share (2019: nil)

Dividend on Ordinary Shares

52 week period
 ended 
25 December
2020
£m

52 week period
ended 
27 December
2019
£m

–
–

–

7.9
–

7.9

The interim dividend represents the interim dividend that was approved and paid in the period out of earnings generated in the 
same period. No interim dividend was declared in 2020 (2019: nil).

The final dividend in 2019 represents the final dividend that was approved and paid in the period relating to the earnings 
generated in the previous period.

Consequently, total dividends recognised in the period were £nil million, nil pence per share (2019: £7.9 million, 15.74 pence 
per share). No final dividend was declared in respect of 2019 totalling £nil million (2019: final dividend in respect of 2018 was 
15.74 pence per share totalling £7.9 million). The Group is not proposing any dividend for the period ended 25 December 2020.

C7 Staff costs

Directors’ remuneration
Details of the Directors’ emoluments are included in pages 70 to 80. They received no emoluments in respect of their services to 
the Company (2019: nil).

C8 Related party transactions
There are no related party transactions for either period requiring disclosure.

 
 
 
 150

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

C9 Subsidiary undertakings 

Principal subsidiaries

Company name

Advance Planning Limited
Dignity (2002) Limited
Dignity Crematoria Limited
Dignity Crematoria No.2 Limited
Dignity Finance PLC
Dignity Funerals Limited
Dignity Funerals No.3 Limited
Dignity Pre Arrangement Limited
Dignity Securities Limited
Pitcher & Le Quesne Limited***

Other subsidiaries

Company name

Birkbeck Securities Limited
Dignity (2004) Limited
Dignity (2008) Limited
Dignity (2011) Limited
Dignity (2014) Limited
Dignity Finance Holdings Limited
Dignity Holdings Limited
Dignity Holdings No.2 Limited
Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited
Dignity Mezzco Limited
Dignity Services
Valedictum Limited

Principal activity

Pre-arranged funeral plans
Intermediate holding company
Construction and leasing of crematoria
Construction and leasing of crematoria
Finance company
Funeral services
Funeral services
Pre-arranged funeral plans
Pre-arranged funeral plans
Funeral services

Principal activity

Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Intermediate holding company
Finance company
Intermediate holding company
Non-trading company

 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 151

C9 Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

Dormant companies

A & N Duckworth Limited 
A Ashton & Sons Limited 
A Bennett & Sons Limited 
A F Townsend (Funeral Directors) Limited 
A Hazel & Sons Limited 
A Shepherd & Sons Limited 
A T Genders Limited 
A V Band Limited 
A. & G. Huteson Ltd
A Haxby & Sons (Filey) Limited 
Abbey Funeral Service Limited 
Adela Funeral Homes Limited 
Aberdeen Funeral Directors Limited*
Anglian Funeral Service Limited 
Armitage (Funeral Directors) Limited 
Arthur Denyer Limited 
Arthur G Whitehead (Westminster) Limited
Ashton & Ebbutt Limited
Ashton Ebbutt Holdings Limited
Ashton Memorials Limited
Ashtons (Brighton) Limited 
Associated Funeral Services Limited 
Astley Funerals Limited
Arthur J. Nash Limited 

B & B Funeral Directors Limited 
B. Bernard & Sons Limited 
Baguley Bros. Limited
Banks Funeral Service Limited
Bayley Brothers Hereford Limited
Birmingham Crematorium (1973) Limited
Boyce Anderson Motors Limited**
Bracher Brothers Limited
Brighton Stonemasons Limited
Broadwater Limousines Limited 

C Powell Funeral Service Limited 
Caledonian Funeral Services Limited*
Carrwood Funeral Supplies Limited 
Castle Court Funeral & Limousine Services 

Limited 

Chichester Crematorium Limited 
Chosen Heritage (Scotland) Limited*
Chosen Heritage Limited
Chosen Heritage Services Limited 
Clegg Humphreys Limited

Cooksey & Son Limited
Cooksley & Son Limited
Coombes & Sons (Bovey Tracey) Limited
Counties Crematorium Limited
Coyne Brothers Limited 
Cumbernauld Funeral Services Ltd*
Cyril H. Lovegrove Limited 

D J Thomas (Funeral Directors) Limited 
D. J. Evans Forse & Co Limited
D. Walsh & Son Limited
Daly & Company Limited 
David B Hendry Limited 
David Silvey & Son Limited
Davis McMullan Funeral Directors Limited
Derriman & Haynes Funeral Services Limited
Dewi Reynolds & Sons Limited
Dignity (2009) Limited 
Dignity Caring Funeral Services Limited 
Dignity Funerals No.2 Limited
Dignity Funerals No.4 Limited
Dignity In Destiny Limited
Dignity Legal Services Limited
Dignity Manufacturing Limited
Dillistone Funeral Service Limited 
Docklands Funeral Services Limited 
Dottridge Brothers Limited 
Downer & White Limited 
Downs Crematorium Limited 
Dowsett & Jenkins Limited
Dundee Crematorium Limited*
Dunning (Undertaking) Limited
Dyson Richards Limited 

E Hurton & Son Limited
E M Lander Limited
E Seymour & Son Limited
E. Brigham Funeral Directors Limited 
E.F.Edwards Limited 
E.Finch & Sons Limited 
Earl Of Plymouth Limited 
Eden Park Estate Limited 
Edmund & Lewis Limited
Edward Lewis Wicks & Sons Limited
Ely Funeral Service Limited
Exeter & Devon Crematorium Limited

F L Mildred & Sons (Funeral Directors) Limited
F. Kneeshaw & Sons (Funeral Directors) 

Limited 

F.E.J. Green & Sons Limited 
F.G.Pymm (Funeral Directors) Limited
F.Harrison & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited
F. J. Gibb Limited
F.M. & J. Wait & Co Limited
F. Jennings & Sons Limited 
F.Smith & Son (Staines) Limited
Family Funeral Services Limited
Farebrother Funeral Services Limited
Fisher & Townsend (Funeral Directors) Limited
Flowers By Design Limited
Ford Ennals Funeral Services Limited
Forethought Limited
Francis Chappel & Sons Limited
Frank Stephenson & Son (Funeral Directors) 

Limited 

Frederick W Chitty & Co Limited
Fredk. W.Paine Limited
Funeral Arrangements Online Limited
Funeral Debt Collection Limited 
Funeral Services London Limited

G & L Evans Ltd
G. M. Charlesworth & Son Limited
G.F. Cook (Funerals) Limited
G.F.Hunt (Bath) Limited
G.Gamble & Son Limited
G.Smith (Wooburn) Limited
George Hall & Son Funeral Directors Limited
George S. Munn & Company, Limited*
George Stanton (1935) Limited
Ginns & Gutteridge Limited
Gornalls Funeral Services Limited
Graeme Buckle Funeral Services Limited
Graham Sullivan Funeral Directors Limited
Grave Design Limited 
Great Southern Group Limited 
Grimmett & Timms Limited

 152

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements continued
for the 52 week period ended 25 December 2020
Financial statements

C9 Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

Dormant companies (continued)

H & G Wilde Funeral Directors Limited 
H A Harrold & Son Limited
H Eaton & Sons Holdings Limited
H.Eaton & Sons Limited
H J Dawson Limited
H J Phillips & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited 
H Johnson & Sons Limited
H Leslie Humphreys Limited
H Tonkin Limited
H. J. Whalley & Sons Limited
H. Towell Ltd
H.Copeland & Son Limited
H.Dorricott & J.Bent Limited*
H.G.Brown & Sanders Limited
H.Hill Funeral Service Limited
H.R.H. Holdings Limited 
Hambrook & Johns Limited 
Hanningtons (Funeral Directors) Limited 
Hardacres Funeral Directors Limited 
Harry Williams & Sons (Cambridge) Limited 
Heighton & Son Limited 
Hemley Funeral Service Limited 
Henry Naylor (Funeral Directors) Limited 
Henry Paul Limited
Henry Smith (Wandsworth) Limited
Highfield Funeral Service Limited
Hindu Funeral Service Limited
Hodgson Holdings (Scotland) Limited
Hodgson Holdings Limited 
Holdfast (Funerals) Limited**
Howard Jenkins (Edge Hill) Limited
Hunters Funeral Directors Limited 

Ian Clarke Funeral Service Limited 
Ingall Services Limited
Inverclyde Funeral Directors Limited*
Invicta Memorials Limited

J H Kenyon Limited 
J H Raven Limited 
J Hylton & Sons Limited
J Kynaston Limited
J Steadman & Sons Limited
J.W.Tate & Son (Holdings) Limited 
J.W.Tate & Son Limited
Jack Lee & Sons Limited
James Allen & Son (Disley) Limited
James Crook Limited
John & William Shering Limited

John Bardgett & Sons Limited
John G Ashton & Co (Funeral Directors) 

Limited

Johnson Funeral Supplies Limited 
Johnson-Sears Limited
Jonathan Harvey Limited
Jonathan Walker Funeral Directors Limited 
Joseph Swift (Funeral Director) Limited 
Joseph Tomlinson & Sons Limited 
Joslin Memorials (1974) Limited

K.Y. Green Limited 
Kellaways (Funeral Service) Limited
Ken Gregory & Sons Limited
Kent Funeral Supplies Limited
Kenyon Air Transportation Limited 
Kenyon Emergency Services Limited 
Kenyon Repatriation Limited
Kenyon Securities Limited
Kenyons Funeral Directors Limited
Kirkwoods (Funeral Directors) Limited**

L Fulcher Limited 
L J Clegg Limited 
Lambeth & Brixton Community Funeral 

Services Limited

Lambeth Funeral Services Limited
Lea Valley Funeral Services Limited
Leeds Limousines Limited
Leehope Services Limited
London Necropolis Company Limited 
Longhurst (Undertakers) Limited 
Lowden Wells Limited 

MacIntosh & Steven Limited*
Mahony & Ward Limited 
Malcolm J Presland Limited 
Mannerings Limited
Mason Funeral Service Limited 
Mathias’s of Putney Limited 
Maxwell Bros. Limited 
Meadow Pool Limited 
Mews & Yeatmans Limited
Mid Sussex Funeral Services Limited 
Middleton & Wood (1919) Limited 
Monumental Masons Limited 
Moodys Funeral Directors Limited 
Moray Crematorium Holdings Limited*
Moray Crematorium Limited*
Morecambe & Heysham Funeral 

Service Limited 

N A Medd Limited
National Funeral Trust Limited
Newport & Telford Funeral Service Ltd
Newport Hire (I.W.) Limited
Newsome’s Funeral Service (Royston) Limited
Nicholls Memorials Limited
Norfolk Crematorium Limited
Northampton Crematorium Limited
Norwich Crematorium Holdings Limited
Norwich Crematorium Limited
Nubian Funeral Directors Limited

Oxford Crematorium Limited

Patrick Stonemasons Limited
Personal Choice Funeral Plan Limited
Peter Johnson Funerals Ltd.
PFG Hodgson Kenyon (Services) Limited
PFG Hodgson Kenyon (UK) Limited
PFG Hodgson Kenyon Limited
Philip Ford & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited
Phillips Funeral Plans Limited
Phillips Funeral Services Limited
Phillips Holdings (Hertfordshire) Limited
Phillips Supplies Limited
Piccioni (Masonry) Limited
Plantsbrook Group Limited
Plantsbrook Limited
Preston Ireland Bowker Limited
Priestley & Cockett Limited

R Butler & Sons Limited
R C Holden & Son Limited
R Garner Son & Wood Limited
R.Davies & Son Limited
R.S. Johnson & Sons Limited
R.S.Scott (Funerals) Limited
Ravenhill Funeral Services Limited**
Remembrance Limited
Robemanor Limited
Robert Nicholls Funeral Directors Limited
Roberts & Brain Limited
Romney Marsh Funeral Services Limited
Rosspark Limited

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 153

C9 Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

Dormant companies (continued)

S A Bates & Sons Limited
S Wellens & Sons Limited
Saftway Limited
Salenew Limited
Sanders Goodale & Co.Limited
SCI Pre Arrangement Limited
Seaford Funeral Service Limited
Seddons of Southport Limited
Selim Smith & Co. Limited
Serenity Limited
Sevenoaks District Crematorium Limited
Shankill Funeral Services Limited**
Silver Lady Funeral Service Limited
Simplicity Funerals Limited
Simpsons (Undertakers Requisites) Limited
Spotland Bridge Funeral Services Limited
Stanway & Garnett Funeral Service Limited
Swift & Mildred Limited

T & R O’Brien Limited*
T H Fenton Limited
T S Annison & Sons Limited
T. S. Horlock & Son Limited
T.H.Sanders & Higgs Limited
T.H.Sanders & Sons Limited
T J Brown & Sons Limited
T.J.Davies & Sons (Funeral Directors) Limited
Taylors Funerals (Wirral) Limited
The Crematorium Company Limited
The Dignity Plan Limited
The East Riding Crematorium Company 

Limited

The Haltemprice Crematorium Limited
The Lawrence Funeral Service Limited
The Leverton Funeral Service (Dartford) 

Limited

The South London & Southern Counties 

Cremation Society Limited 

The South London Crematorium Co Limited 
The Titford Funeral Service Limited
Thomas Brothers (Wellington and Taunton) 

Limited

Thompsons (Busbys) Limited
Thompsons (Funeral Furnishers) Limited
Thompsons (Maguires) Limited 
Thompsons (Rimmers) Limited 
Tovey & Morris Limited 

U.F.D. Limited 
UK Funerals Limited 
UKF Limited 

Valedictum Holdings Limited
Valedictum Group Limited
Valedictus Limited**
Valedictus Holdings Limited**
Valedictus Group Limited**

W G Dixon Limited 
W G Rathbone Funeral Directors Limited 
W H Scott & Son Limited 
W S Bond Limited 
W S Harrison & Son Limited
W Thorp & Sons (Leigh-on-Sea) Limited
W.E.Turner (Funeral Furnishers) Limited 
W.Garstin & Sons Limited 
Walkers Funeral Directors Limited 
Walmsley Hammond (Rayleigh) Limited 
Warburton Funerals Limited 
Wetton Funeral Services Limited 
White Lady Funerals Limited 
Whyte Funeral Services Limited*
William Pearce & Son Limited 
Wilmshurst & Dickson Limited 
WM. Jordan & Son (Funeral Directors) Limited*
Woodfield Park Funeral Home Limited
Wrekin Funeral Service Limited

Yew Holdings Limited

The registered office for these subsidiaries is 280 Kinfauns Drive, Glasgow, G15 7AR

Registered office
* 
**  The registered office for these subsidiaries is 14 Scotch Quarter, Carrickfergus, County Antrim, BT38 7DP
***  The registered office for this subsidiary is 59 Kensington Place, St Heller, JE2 3PA, Jersey
All other subsidiary undertakings are registered at 4 King Edwards Court, King Edwards Square, Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, B73 6AP.

Other information
All of the subsidiaries are incorporated in the United Kingdom except for Pitcher & Le Quesne Limited which is incorporated in Jersey. 
All subsidiaries are controlled by the Group. 
All of the above shareholdings are held indirectly, with the exception of Dignity (2004) Limited, Dignity (2008) Limited, Dignity (2011) Limited and 
Dignity Holdings No.3 Limited.
Dignity plc owns, either directly or indirectly, 100 per cent of the equity interest of all the subsidiaries.

 154

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Financial record(a)
Financial statements

Summarised consolidated income statement 

Underlying revenue

Funeral services
Crematoria
Pre-arranged funeral plans

Underlying operating profit

Funeral services
Crematoria
Pre-arranged funeral plans
Central overheads

Underlying finance costs
Underlying finance income

Underlying profit before tax
Underlying taxation
Underlying profit after tax
Underlying earnings per share (pence)
Revenue
Operating profit
Profit/(loss) after tax
Basic earnings/(loss) per share (pence)

Key performance indicators

Total estimated number of deaths in Britain (number)
Number of funerals performed (number)
Funeral market share(b) (per cent)
Number of cremations performed (number)
Cremation market share (per cent)
Active pre-arranged funerals (number)
Underlying cash generated from operations (£million)

Net debt 

2020
£m

202.6
82.7
28.8

314.1

50.0
42.8
–

(37.1)  

55.7

(25.1)  
0.1

30.7
(7.4)  
23.3
46.6p
357.5
15.9
(25.5)  

(51.0) p

2019
restated
£m

203.3
76.8
21.2

301.3

56.3
38.4
–
(31.4)  

63.3

(25.8)  
0.2

37.7
(7.4)  
30.3
60.6p
338.9
44.8
30.6
61.2p

2018
£m

2017(c)
£m

2016(d)
£m

214.9
78.0
22.7

315.6

62.2
40.3
2.8
(25.1)  

80.2

(26.0)  
0.2

54.4
(11.5)  
42.9
85.8p
353.7
75.9
(17.0)  
(34.0) p

221.8
74.0
28.2

324.0

79.5
40.0
8.0
(22.9)  

104.6

(26.9)  
0.1

77.8
(13.8)  
64.0
128.3p
324.0
98.0
57.8
115.8p

217.8
67.5
28.3

313.6

79.0
37.6
8.5
(23.4)  

101.7

(26.9)  
0.4

75.2
(15.8)  
59.4
119.8p
313.6
97.7
57.2
115.3p

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

663,000
80,300
12.0%
74,500
11.2%
558,000
76.4

584,000
69,400
11.7%
64,800
11.1%
523,000
71.8

599,000
72,300
11.9%
65,200
10.9%
486,000
101.9

590,000
68,800
11.5%
63,400
10.7%
450,000
115.4

590,000
70,700
11.8%
59,500
10.1%
404,000
121.1

2020
£m

2019
£m

2018
£m

2017
£m

2016
£m

Net amounts owing on Secured Notes per  

(541.7)  

(551.3)  

(560.6)  

(565.1)  

(573.9)  

financial statements

Add: unamortised issue costs 

Gross amounts owing 
Net amounts owing on Crematoria Acquisition Facility 

per financial statements

Add: unamortised issue costs on Crematoria Acquisition 

Facility

Gross amounts owing

Accrued interest on Secured Notes
Accrued interest on Crematoria Acquisition Facility and 

Revolving Credit Facility

Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group

(0.5)  

(0.6)  

(542.2)  

(551.9)  

(0.6)  

(561.2)  

(0.6)  

(565.7)  

–

–

(542.2)  

(12.0)  

–
73.6

–

–

(551.9)  

(12.2)  

–
57.9

–

–

(561.2)  

(12.3)  

(0.2)  
66.9

–

–

(565.7)  

(0.3)  

(0.2)  
49.3

(0.7)  

(574.6)  

(15.7)  

(0.1)  

(590.4)  

(0.3)  

(0.1)  
67.1

Net debt

(480.6)  

(506.2)  

(506.8)  

(516.9)  

(523.7)  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 155

Summarised consolidated balance sheet 

Non-current assets
Goodwill and intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use asset
Investments in associated undertakings
Financial and other assets
Financial assets – held by the Trusts
Deferred commissions
Deferred tax asset

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents – Trading Group
Cash and cash equivalents – held by the Trusts

Cash and cash equivalents
Other current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Financial liabilities
Contract liabilities
Lease liabilities 
Other current liabilities

Non-current liabilities 
Financial liabilities
Contract liabilities
Lease liabilities
Other non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities

Total deficit

Total deficit and liabilities

NOTES

2020
£m

324.4
240.9
95.2
–
10.7
967.1
101.3
20.3

2019
restated
£m

373.1
251.3
–
–
18.2
947.5
96.8
14.0

2018
£m

384.9
254.1
–
6.0
15.7
862.4
94.5
17.9

2017
£m

385.5
248.0
–
–
14.3
865.6
92.4
6.8

1,759.9

1,700.9

1,635.5

1,612.6

73.6
21.6

95.2
46.6

141.8

1,901.7

15.1
95.5
7.3
79.8

197.7

526.6
1,222.0
81.2
48.2

1,878.0

2,075.7

57.9
15.5

73.4
47.6

66.9
13.8

80.7
46.9

49.3
21.8

71.1
49.6

121.0

127.6

120.7

1,821.9

1,763.1

1,733.3

9.6
95.5
–
69.6

9.3
91.5
–
73.0

4.5
88.3
–
62.8

174.7

173.8

155.6

542.3
1,209.1
–
37.3

1,788.7

1,963.4

551.9
1,164.6
–
36.7

1,753.2

1,927.0

561.2
1,117.3
–
34.2

1,712.7

1,868.3

(174.0)  

(141.5)  

(163.9)  

(135.0)  

1,901.7

1,821.9

1,763.1

1,733.3

2016(d)
£m

358.1
235.4
–
–
11.3
–
–
–

604.8

67.1
–

67.1
43.1

110.2

715.0

8.8
–
–
66.3

75.1

581.5
–
–
61.9

643.4

718.5

(3.5)  

715.0

(a)  This information has been extracted from the current and previous Annual Reports and accordingly does not constitute audited information.

(b)  Market share excluding funerals performed in Northern Ireland.

(c)  2017 income statement has not been restated for the impact of IFRS 15 or the consolidation of the Trusts.

(d)  2016 has not been restated for the impact of IFRS 15 or the consolidation of the Trusts.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 156

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Alternative performance measures
Other information

Non-GAAP measures 

(a) Alternative performance measures
The Board believes that whilst statutory reporting measures provide financial performance of the Group under GAAP, alternative 
performance measures are necessary to enable users of the financial statements to fully understand the trading performance 
and financial position of the business. 

The alternative performance measures provided are aligned with those used in the day-to-day management of the business and 
allow for greater comparability across periods. 

For this reason, the alternative performance measures provided exclude the impact of consolidating the Trusts, the corporate 
interest restriction disallowance arising as a result of consolidating the Trusts, the changes which relate to the application of IFRS 
15 and adoption of IFRS 16. In addition, the deferred tax rate change in 2020 arising on the deferred tax balances on 
consolidating the Trusts and application of IFRS 15 have also been included. All of the above are considered to mask the 
underlying trading performance of the Group, as well as non-underlying items comprising certain non-recurring and non-trading 
transactions.

IFRS 16 has been included within the alternative performance measures for 2020 only. This is due to the modified retrospective 
adoption of the standard, meaning the 2019 comparatives have not been restated and therefore are not comparable. 

Calculation of underlying reporting measures
Underlying revenue and profit measures (including divisional measures) are calculated as revenue and/or profit before non-
underlying items and other adjustments.

Underlying net finance costs are calculated before the application of IFRS 15 and the adoption of IFRS 16 and the impact of 
consolidating the Trusts. See note 4. 

Underlying earnings per share is calculated as profit after taxation, before non-underlying items and other adjustments (both 
net of tax), divided by the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue in the period. 

Underlying cash generated from operations excludes non-underlying items and other adjustments on a cash paid basis.

(b) Non-underlying items 
The Group’s underlying measures of profitability exclude:

•  amortisation of acquisition related intangibles;

•  external transaction costs;

•  profit or loss on sale of fixed assets (net of any insurance proceeds received);

•  Transformation Plan costs (see below);

•  Directors severance pay;

•  operating and competition review costs;

•  trade name impairments; 

•  goodwill impairments; and

•  the taxation impact of the above items together with the impact of taxation rate changes.

Non-underlying items have been adjusted for in determining underlying measures of profitability as these underlying measures 
are those used in the day-to-day management of the Group and allow for greater comparability across periods.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 157

Non-GAAP measures (continued)

Transformation Plan costs
Cost incurred in relation to the Group’s now abrogated Transformation Plan has resulted in significant, directly attributable 
non-recurring costs and these amounts are excluded from the Group’s underlying profit measures and treated as a non-
underlying item.

These costs include, but are not limited to:

•  external advisers’ fees;

•  directly attributable internal costs, including staff costs wholly related to the Transformation (such as the Transformation 

Director and project management office); 

•  costs relating to any property openings, closures or relocations;

•  rebranding costs;

•  speculative marketing costs; and

•  redundancy costs.

52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Non-trading
Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles
External transaction costs in respect of completed and 

aborted transactions

Profit on sale of fixed assets

Non-recurring
Transformation Plan costs
Directors severance pay
Operating and competition review costs
Trade name impairment
Goodwill impairment

Taxation
Taxation – rate change

52 week period ended 27 December 2019

Non-trading
Amortisation of acquisition related intangibles
External transaction costs in respect of completed and 

aborted transactions

Profit on sale of fixed assets

Non-recurring
Transformation Plan costs
Operating and competition review costs
Trade name impairment 

Group’s share of loss of associated undertakings
Impairment of investments in associated undertakings
Taxation 

Funeral  
services
 £m

Crematoria 
£m

Pre-arranged  
funeral plans  
£m

Central  
overheads  
£m

4.1
0.2

–

–
–
–
15.3
28.7

48.3

4.2
–

(1.0)  

–
–
6.8

10.0

0.4
–

(0.2)  

–
–
–
–
–

0.1
–

–

–
–
–
–
–

0.2

0.1

0.5
0.7

–

–
–
–

0.1
0.1

–

–
–
–

1.2

0.2

–
0.6

–

4.7
1.6
2.9
–
–

9.8

–
0.1

–

12.1
3.5
–

15.7

Group
£m

4.6
0.8

(0.2)  

4.7
1.6
2.9
15.3
28.7

58.4
(6.1)  
3.6

55.9

4.8
0.9

(1.0)  

12.1
3.5
6.8

27.1
0.6
5.4
(4.9)  

28.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 158

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Alternative performance measures continued
Other information

Non-GAAP measures (continued)

(c) Other adjustments reconciliation 
Other adjustments enable a user of the financial statements to assess the financial performance of the Trading Group as it was 
historically reported prior to the consolidation of the Trusts and the impact of recent accounting standards, IFRS 15, Revenue 
from Contracts with Customers and IFRS 16, Leases. This mirrors the financial reporting provided to management on a monthly 
basis to monitor the performance of the underlying Trading Group.

Adjustments to the Group’s consolidated financial statements are made to reflect the following:

•  Deferred revenue recognised on the delivery of a funeral is replaced with the payment received by the Trading Group from the 
Trust at the same time. Pre-need segment income, in the form of upfront payments received by the Trading Group from the 
Trusts in support of marketing are recognised when received at inception of a funeral plan rather than being deferred as part 
of the aforementioned deferred revenue.

•  Payments made by the Trusts on cancellation are no longer recognised.

•  Unlike disbursements on at-need funerals, disbursements on pre-need funerals under IFRS 15 are recognised on a principal 
basis within both revenue and cost of sales, but for consistency in the alternative performance measure both are reduced as 
these items are not included in either measure. Similarly, pre-need funerals delivered by subcontracted funeral directors, 
which form part of deferred income, are excluded within the alternative performance measure with a corresponding 
adjustment to cost of sales.

•  Commissions payable on securing new Trust plans are recognised at the inception of the plan rather than being deferred and 

recognised at the time the funeral service is delivered.

•  Rentals payable under operating leases now capitalised under IFRS 16 are recognised in operating costs, replacing the right-of-
use asset depreciation charge on the IFRS 16 right-of-use asset. The finance cost associated with the same lease arrangements 
is removed from finance costs.

•  The amounts recorded in respect of the remeasurement of assets held in the Trust is removed as is the significant financing 

component that only arises when deferred revenue is recognised on consolidation of the Trusts.

•  The taxation impact of the above adjustments, including the impact of changes in the rate of deferred tax associated with the 

items noted above are removed. In addition, as described in note 1 the consolidation of the Trusts has given rise to a 
significant reduction in the level of interest on which the Group is able to obtain a corporation tax deduction. The impact of this 
is included in arriving at other adjustments.

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 159

Non-GAAP measures (continued)

(c) Other adjustments reconciliation (continued)

52 week period ended 25 December 2020

Revenue
Trust consolidation:

Release of deferred revenue on death or cancellation
Removal of payments received from the Trusts on death
Payments on cancellation
Derecognise pre-need segment income

IFRS 15:

Recognition of disbursement element of pre-need plans

Revenue – Total other adjustments

Cost of sales
IFRS 15:

Amounts paid on subcontracted funerals
Recognition of disbursement element of pre-need plans

Administrative expenses
Trust consolidation:

Recognition of the Trust costs
Transfer of pre-need costs into funeral segment

IFRS 15:

Net release of deferred costs in respect of commissions

IFRS 16:

Elimination of operating lease rentals
Elimination of operating lease prepayments and accruals
Depreciation of right-of-use asset

Operating profit – Total other adjustments

Finance income/(costs)
Trust consolidation: 

Deferred revenue significant financing
Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts 

and related income

IFRS 16:

Recognition of finance costs

Finance costs – Total other adjustments

Taxation:
Trust consolidation:

Taxation impact on above adjustments
Corporate interest restriction disallowance
Deferred tax rate change

IFRS 15:

Taxation impact on above adjustments
Deferred tax rate change

IFRS 16:

Taxation impact on above adjustments

Taxation – Total other adjustments

Profit after taxation – Total other adjustments

Funeral  
services
£m

Crematoria
£m

Pre–arranged  
funeral plans
£m

Central  
overheads
£m

Group
£m

122.2
(59.8)  
(8.8)  
–

18.6

72.2

(8.8)  
(18.6)  

(6.9)  
(28.9)  

4.9

9.2
0.4
(7.7)  

15.8

–
–
–
–

–

–

–
–

–
–

–

2.6
1.2
(1.2)  

2.6

–
–
–

(28.8)  

–

(28.8)  

–
–

–
28.9

–

–
–
–

0.1

–
–
–
–

–

–

–
–

–
–

–

0.3
0.1
(0.3)  

0.1

122.2
(59.8)  
(8.8)  
(28.8)  

18.6

43.4

(8.8)  
(18.6)  

(6.9)  
–

4.9

12.1
1.7
(9.2)  

18.6

(53.1)  

47.3

(4.7)  

(10.5)  

(0.5)  
 (4.3)  
 6.8

(0.9)  
(2.1)  

–

(1.0)  

7.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 160

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Alternative performance measures continued
Other information

Non-GAAP measures (continued)

(c) Other adjustments reconciliation (continued)

52 week period ended 27 December 2019

Revenue
Trust consolidation:

Release of deferred revenue on death or cancellation
Removal of payments received from the Trusts on death
Payments on cancellation
Derecognise pre-need segment income

IFRS 15:

Recognition of disbursement element of pre-need plans

Revenue – Total other adjustments

Cost of sales
IFRS 15:

Amounts paid on subcontracted funerals
Recognition of disbursement element of pre-need plans

Administrative expenses
Trust consolidation:

Recognition of the Trust costs
Transfer of pre-need costs into funeral segment

IFRS 15:

Net release of deferred costs in respect of commissions

Operating profit – Total other adjustments

Finance income/(costs)
Trust consolidation: 

Deferred revenue significant financing
Remeasurement of financial assets held by the Trusts and related income

Finance income – Total other adjustments

Taxation:
Trust consolidation:

Taxation impact on above adjustments
Corporate interest restriction disallowance – prior year adjustment

IFRS 15:

Taxation impact on above adjustments

Taxation – Total other adjustments

Profit after taxation – Total other adjustments

Funeral 
services
 £m

Pre-arranged 
funeral plans  
£m

96.8
(49.4)  
(4.5)  
–

15.9

58.8

(9.0)  
(15.9)  

(6.6)  
(21.4)  

2.5

8.4

Group
£m

96.8
(49.4)  
(4.5)  
(21.2)  

15.9

37.6

–
–
–
(21.2)  

–

(21.2)  

–
–

(9.0)  
(15.9)  

–
21.4

–

0.2

(6.6)  
–

2.5

8.6

(54.1)  
85.0

30.9

(6.3)  
(4.3)  

(0.4)  

(11.0)  

28.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020

 161

Non-GAAP measures (continued)

(d) Non-underlying cash flow items

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows of other adjustments

Cash flows from operating activities – Trading Group
Other adjustments – IFRS 16
External transaction costs
Directors severance pay
Transformation Plan costs
Operating and competition review costs

Underlying cash generated from operations

25 December
2020
£m

27 December
2019
£m

62.7
16.3

79.0
(12.5)  
0.8
0.7
5.4
3.0

76.4

64.6
(7.6)  

57.0
–
0.8
–
11.2
2.8

71.8

(e) Funeral market share
Comparable funeral market share excludes any volumes from locations not contributing for the whole of 2019 and 2020 to date 
and therefore excludes 12 locations closed and one location opened in 2019 and a further 26 locations closed and one location 
opened in 2020. 

(f) Average assets per plan
Average assets per plan are calculated as the net assets of the Trusts divided by the number of active plans in the Trusts. 
Net assets in this calculation will not equal amounts in the consolidated balance sheet of the Group, as it includes instalment 
amounts due in future that become payable immediately on death.

 
 
 
 
V3 Dignity_AR_Master_Template_2020 tp.qxp_Layout 1  16/04/2021  14:34  Page 95

162   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Shareholder information 
Other information

General enquiries may be addressed to the Company Secretary, Tim George, at the Company’s registered office.  

General information 
The Company is a public limited company which is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is incorporated and domiciled in 
England and Wales.  

Company Registrars 
Enquiries concerning shareholdings, change of address or other particulars, should be directed in the first instance to the 
Company’s Registrars, EQ. They also provide a range of online shareholder information services at www.shareview.co.uk where 
shareholders can check their holdings and find practical help on transferring shares and updating personal details. Alternatively, 
they can be contacted by telephone on 0371 384 2674 (textphone for shareholders with hearing difficulties 0371 384 2255) if 
calling from within the UK, or +44 (0) 121 415 7047 if calling from outside the UK.  

Shareholder communications 
The Company makes documents and information available to shareholders by electronic means and via our website.  
The Company’s website is www.dignityplc.co.uk. 

Making documents and information available electronically: 

• Enables the Company to reduce printing and postage costs; 

• Allows faster access to information; and 

• Reduces the amount of resource consumed and lessens the impact on the environment of printing and mailing. 

The Company provides hard copy documentation to those shareholders who have requested this and is, of course, happy to 
provide hard copies to any shareholder upon request. 

Electronic communications 
The Company encourages shareholders to elect to receive notification of the availability of Company documentation by means 
of an email.  

Shareholders who wish to receive e-mail notification should register online at www.shareview.co.uk click on ‘Open a Portfolio 
Account’ under the ‘Portfolio’ section. You will need your Shareholder Reference Number, which is shown on your share 
certificate or dividend tax voucher.  

Choosing e-mail notification will result in you joining the EQ Shareview Service in accordance with its terms and conditions. 

Share price information 
The latest Dignity plc share price can be obtained via the Company’s investor website www.dignityplc.co.uk. 

Unsolicited approaches to shareholders 
Share fraud includes scams where investors are called out of the blue and offered shares that often turn out to be worthless  
or non-existent, or an inflated price for shares they own. These calls come from fraudsters operating in ‘boiler rooms’ that are 
mostly based abroad. 

While high profits are promised, those who buy or sell shares in this way usually lose their money. The Financial Conduct 
Authority (‘FCA’) has found most share fraud victims are experienced investors who lose an average of £20,000, with around  
£200 million lost in the UK each year. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
V3 Dignity_AR_Master_Template_2020 tp.qxp_Layout 1  16/04/2021  14:34  Page 96

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

163

PROTECT YOURSELF 

If you are offered unsolicited investment advice, discounted shares, a premium price for shares you own, or free company  
or research reports, you should take these steps before handing over any money: 

1. Get the name of the person and organisation contacting you. 

2. Check the FCA Register at http://www.fca.gov.uk/register to ensure they are authorised. 

3. Use the details on the FCA Register to contact the firm. 

4. Call the FCA Consumer Helpline on 0800 111 6768 if there are no contact details on the Register or you are told they are  

out of date. 

5. Search the FCA’s list of unauthorised firms and individuals to avoid doing business with. 

6. If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is! 

If you use an unauthorised firm to buy or sell shares or other investments, you will not have access to the Financial Ombudsman 
Service or Financial Services Compensation Scheme (‘FSCS’) if things go wrong. 

Annual General Meeting 
The Company’s Annual General Meeting will be held on 23 June 2021 at 11:00am at the offices of DLA Piper UK LLP, Victoria 
Square House, Victoria Square, Birmingham, West Midlands, B2 4DL. 

Dividends 
Although the Group has significant cash resources at hand and continues to be cash generative, in order to maintain maximum 
flexibility and liquidity during this time, the Board has concluded that it is prudent to temporarily cease dividend payments. The 
Group has an established track record of returning cash to shareholders at appropriate times over many years and once the 
current uncertain competitive environment becomes clearer, it anticipates resuming dividend payments or returning excess 
cash to shareholders. 

Contact details and advisers 

Registered Office:
Dignity plc 
4 King Edwards Court 
King Edwards Square 
Sutton Coldfield 
West Midlands B73 6AP 

Tel: +44 (0) 121 354 1557 
E-mail: enquiries@dignityuk.co.uk 

       www.dignityplc.co.uk 

Company Secretary: 
Tim George FCIS 

Registered Number: 
04569346 

Registrars: 
EQ 
Aspect House 
Spencer Road 
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 

Tel: +44 (0) 371 384 2674 

       www.shareview.co.uk 

Auditors: 
Ernst & Young LLP 
No.1 Colmore Square  
Birmingham B4 6HQ 

Joint Brokers: 
finnCap  
One Bartholomew Close 
London EC1A 7BL 

Investec 
A division of Investec Bank plc 
30 Gresham Street 
London EC2V 7QP 

Principal Bankers: 
Royal Bank of Scotland plc 
West Midlands Corporate Office 
2 St Philips Place 
Birmingham B3 2RB 

Legal Advisers: 
DLA Piper UK LLP 
Victoria Square House 
Victoria Square 
Birmingham B2 4DL 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
V3 Dignity_AR_Master_Template_2020 tp.qxp_Layout 1  16/04/2021  14:34  Page 97

164   

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Financial calendar 
Other information

23 June 2021

25 June 2021

28 July 2021

• Annual General Meeting 

• 2021 financial half year end 

• Announcement of 2021 interim results 

31 December 2021

• Financial period end 

Forward-looking statements 

This Annual Report and the Dignity plc investor website may  
contain certain ‘forward-looking statements’ with respect to Dignity 
plc (the “Company”) and the Group’s financial condition, results of its 
operations and business, and certain plans, strategy, objectives, goals 
and expectations with respect to these items and the economies and 
markets in which the Group operates. 

Any forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report or  
the Dignity plc investor website, or made subsequently, which are 
attributable to the Company or any other member of the Group, or 
persons acting on their behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety 
by the factors referred to in this statement. Each forward-looking 
statement speaks only as of the date it is made. Except as required  
by its legal or statutory obligations, the Company does not intend  
to update any forward-looking statements. 

Nothing in this Annual Report or on the Dignity plc investor website 
should be construed as a profit forecast or an invitation to deal in  
the securities of the Company. 

Forward-looking statements are sometimes, but not always,  
identified by their use of a date in the future or such words as 
‘anticipates’, ‘aims’, ‘due’, ‘could’, ‘may’, ‘should’, ‘will’, ‘would’, ‘expects’, 
‘believes’, ‘intends’, ‘plans’, ‘targets’, ‘goal’ or ‘estimates’ or, in each  
case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. 
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. 
By their very nature forward-looking statements are inherently 
unpredictable, speculative and involve risk and uncertainty because 
they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in 
the future. Many of these assumptions, risks and uncertainties relate 
to factors that are beyond the Group’s ability to control or estimate 
precisely. There are a number of such factors that could cause actual 
results and developments to differ materially from those expressed 
or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors 
include, but are not limited to, changes in the economies and markets 
in which the Group operates; changes in the legal, regulatory and 
competition frameworks in which the Group operates; changes in  
the markets from which the Group raises finance; the impact of legal  
or other proceedings against or which affect the Group; changes in 
accounting practices and interpretation of accounting standards 
under IFRS, and changes in interest and exchange rates. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
V2 Dignity_AR_2020_Cover_BP_V1 tp 2.qxp_Layout 1  16/04/2021  13:33  Page 2

IFC    

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 2020    

Who we are

We are one of the UK's major funeral 

related service providers and the only 

publicly listed company in the UK operating 

in the funeral sector. The Group's main 

activities are funeral services, crematoria 

and pre-arranged funeral plans.  

Our aim is to be at the forefront of the 

sector in terms of quality, transparency, 

standards, choice and value-for-money. 

Inside this year’s Annual Report

Strategic Report 

Financial Statements 

Transparent reporting 

01 At a glance 

04 Executive Chairman’s review 

15 Key performance indicators 

18 Operating review 

22 Financial review 

27 Principal risks and uncertainties 

33 Viability statement 

34 Non-financial information statement 

35 Corporate and social responsibility  

42 Section 172 Statement 

Group Accounts 

84 Independent auditors’ report to the members 

92 Consolidated income statement 

92 Consolidated statement of comprehensive 

of Dignity plc 

income  

93 Consolidated balance sheet 

94 Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

95 Consolidated statement of cash flows 

96 Notes to the financial statements 

Governance 

Company Accounts  

45 Chairman’s introduction to governance 

50 Governance structure 

51 Board of Directors 

52 Operating Board 

144 Dignity plc Company balance sheet 

145 Dignity plc Company statement of changes  

in equity 

146 Notes to the Dignity plc financial statements 

53 Directors’ statement on corporate governance 

154 Financial record 

We aim to report in a transparent and 

integrated way to clearly reflect how we 

operate. Within this year’s report we have 

also sought to address the additional 

requirements arising from Section 172  

of the Companies Act 2006 and the 2018 

UK Corporate Governance Code.  

This Annual Report & Accounts contains 

forward-looking statements with respect 

to the Group’s plans and its current goals 

and expectations relating to its future 

financial condition, performance, results, 

strategic initiatives and objectives. 

58 Audit Committee report 

62 Nomination Committee report 

63 Report on Directors’ remuneration 

81 Directors’ report 

Other Information 

156 Alternative performance measures 

162 Shareholder information 

163 Contact details and advisers  

164 Financial calendar 

Consultancy, Design & Production by Bexon Woodhouse  
www.bexonwoodhouse.com 

Printed in the UK by CPI Colour, a certified CarbonNeutral® 
printing company, using vegetable based inks and water 
based sealants. The printer and paper manufacturing  
mill are both certified with ISO 14001 Environmental 
Management systems standards and both are Forest 
Stewardship Council® (FSC®) certified.

 
 
 
 
 
 
V2 Dignity_AR_2020_Cover_BP_V1 tp 2.qxp_Layout 1  16/04/2021  13:33  Page 1

Dignity plc 
4 King Edwards Court 
King Edwards Square 
Sutton Coldfield 
West Midlands B73 6AP 

www.dignityplc.co.uk

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Dignity plc Annual Report & Accounts 

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Responsible and resilient 

through challenging and 

changing times