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EOG Resources

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FY2021 Annual Report · EOG Resources
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Annual Report and Financial Statements 
EUROPA OIL & GAS (HOLDINGS) plc 

For the year ended 31 July 2021 

Company registration number 05217946 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Introduction / Highlights 

Europa  Oil  &  Gas  (Holdings)  plc,  the  AIM  traded  Ireland,  Morocco  and  UK  focused  oil  and  gas 

exploration, development and production company, announces its final results for the  12 month period 

ended 31 July 2021.     

Operational highlights 

Building a balanced portfolio of exploration and production assets 

Onshore UK – Wressle more than doubles net production to over 200bopd  

•  First oil at Wressle achieved 

o  Production established in excess of target gross rate of 500bopd post period end 
o  Europa’s net share of Wressle production equates to over 150bopd  
o  With  an  estimated  break-even  oil  price  (excluding  Europa’s  corporate  overheads)  of 

US$17.6 per barrel, Wressle production is highly profitable at current oil prices 

o  Well flow is continuing to clean-up and has not yet reached its full potential 

•  93boepd was produced from Europa’s UK onshore fields during the year with early Wressle test 
production covering the decline of three older fields and comparing favourably to 92boepd FY20 

•  Geothermal energy  

o  MOU  signed  with  Causeway  Geothermal  (NI)  Ltd  to  carry  out  studies  to  assess  the 

potential  of  Europa’s  West  Firsby  field  as  a  test  site  for  sustainable,  clean  geothermal 

energy systems 

o  West Firsby regarded as an ideal geothermal energy test site due to comprehensive dataset, 

existing well bores and geothermal gradient    

o  Potential to convert onshore legacy oilfields into sources of clean and reliable energy forms 

part of Europa's ESG strategy 

Offshore Morocco - Farmout Launch of Inezgane Licence in the Agadir Basin, Morocco 

•  Follows completion of technical work which identified a significant volume of unrisked resource - 

in excess of 2 billion barrels (oil equivalent) in the top five ranked prospects alone 

• 

Inezgane lies on the same geological trend which has led to major oil and gas discoveries along the 

west coast of Africa with reservoirs and source rocks in common with the prolific West African 

play 

•  Ongoing discussions with a number of potential co-venturers looking to farm-in 
•  One year extension to initial phase of the licence to November 2022 granted to allow for time lost 

as a result of Covid-19  

Offshore Ireland - Lower risk / very high reward infrastructure-led exploration in proven gas play 

in the Slyne Basin  

•  Awaiting  regulatory  approval  of  acquisition  of  100%  interest  in  Frontier  Exploration  Licence 

('FEL') 3/19, which includes the 1.2 tcf Edge prospect and lies close to the ~1tcf producing Corrib 

gas field 

1 

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
•  FEL 3/19 lies close to Europa's FEL 4/19 which holds the 1.5 tcf Inishkea prospect 
• 

 Farmout of FELs 3/19 and 4/19 commenced conditional on regulatory approval of the acquisition 

of FEL 3/19  

Covid-19 

•  Operational activity has continued at the four production sites 
•  London office has been exited generating cost saving 
•  All salaries and fees have been re-instated to levels pre Covid-19 
•  The Group has not taken any Covid government assistance since taking out the £50k Bounce back 

loan in the prior year 

Financial performance 

•  Revenue £1.4 million (2020: £1.2 million) 
•  Pre-tax loss of £0.85 million (2020: pre-tax loss £5.4 million including write-offs taken following 

relinquishment of Irish licences) 

•  Net cash used in operating activities £0.5 million (2020: £0.8 million) 

•  Cash balance: at year end £0.6 million (2020: £0.8 million) 

Board 

•  Appointment of Simon Oddie as CEO on a permanent basis in August 2020 
•  Appointment of Senior Independent non-executive Director Mr Brian O’Cathain as non-executive 

Chairman  

Post reporting period events 

• 

Inezgane licence farmout officially announced on 3rd August 2021 

•  Wressle achieved over 500 bopd after successful proppant squeeze operations in late August 2021 

and this increased to 950 boepd in September which was over previous expectations 

•  Following the achievement of 500bopd oil flow rate as announced in August 2021, the Directors 

consider that Wressle has met the requirements under IFRS6 for transfer to producing assets as of 

that date 

Simon Oddie, CEO of Europa, said:  

“The milestones we achieved across our multistage portfolio of licences during the year under review have 

laid the foundations for an exciting new phase in our growth trajectory.  Notably, with the Wressle Oil Field 

in  North  Lincolnshire  delivering  first  oil  and  achieving  its  target  of  500  barrels  per  day,  Europa’s  UK 

onshore net production has doubled to over 200 bopd post period end. Wressle is showing capacity to 

produce at significantly higher rates than the previous target and further major development potential exists 

in other reservoirs. With oil prices above US$80/barrel, this achievement provides a massive boost to the 

Company’s  financial  profile  and  in  turn  will  give  us  a  platform  with  which  to  pursue  our  strategy  of 

developing significant value accretive opportunities while minimising risk. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
“Elsewhere, we are also pleased with the response to the farmout launch for our highly prospective Inezgane 

Licence in Agadir Basin, Morocco and the strong interest, to date, from potential operators. I am excited 

about the future possibilities at Inezgane, which has the potential to hold over two billion barrels of unrisked 

prospective resources and complements the Company’s goal to have a balanced portfolio of energy assets. 

The technical work completed in the last 12 months has focused on the top five ranked prospects - each of 

which have mean resources in excess of 200 mmboe at the Albian level.  

“In  Ireland,  we  are  still  awaiting  regulatory  approval  for  our  acquisition  of  a  100%  interest  in  Frontier 

Exploration Licence (‘FEL’) 3/19 located close to Corrib - Ireland’s biggest producing gas field. Subject to 

approvals, we will be progressing the farmout of both the newly acquired FEL 3/9 and our existing 100%-

owned FEL 4/19 – our two strategic offshore gas assets in the Slyne Basin.  

“Europa  is  also  advancing  its  ESG  ambitions  during  the  past  year  signing  a  MOU  with  Causeway 

Geothermal (NI) Ltd in late June to investigate the potential of our mature oilfield at West Firsby in the 

East Midlands, as a test site for the production of geothermal energy. This firmly aligns with our stated 

objective of playing a key role in the UK’s transition to green energy.  With much activity expected across 

our  existing  portfolio  as  well  as  our  continued  evaluation  of  a  number  of  potential  late-stage 

appraisal/development ventures, I look forward to updating the market on developments in the months 

ahead.”  

For further information please visit www.europaoil.com or contact: 

Simon Oddie 

Europa 

Christopher Raggett / Simon Hicks 

finnCap Ltd 

James Pope / Andy Thacker 

Turner Pope 

mail@europaoil.com 

+44 (0) 20 7220 0500 

+44 (0) 20 3657 0050 

Susie Geliher / Oonagh Reidy 

St Brides Partners 

+44 (0) 20 7236 1177 

This  announcement  contains  inside  information  for  the  purposes  of  Article  7  of  the  Market  Abuse 

Regulation  (EU)  596/2014  as  it  forms  part  of  UK  domestic  law  by  virtue  of  the  European  Union 

(Withdrawal)  Act  2018  ("MAR"),  and  is  disclosed  in  accordance  with  the  company's  obligations  under 
Article 17 of MAR.. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents 
Introduction / Highlights ............................................................................................................................................ 1 
Contents ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 
Chairman's statement ................................................................................................................................................... 5 
Our portfolio ................................................................................................................................................................. 8 
Our strategy ................................................................................................................................................................... 9 
Operations .................................................................................................................................................................... 10 
Risks and uncertainties ............................................................................................................................................... 13 
Director’s statement under Section 172 (1) of the Companies Act 2006 .......................................................... 14 
Chairman’s introduction to governance .................................................................................................................. 17 
Audit Committee Report ........................................................................................................................................... 23 
Remuneration Committee Report ............................................................................................................................ 24 
Nominations Committee Report .............................................................................................................................. 24 
Board of Directors ...................................................................................................................................................... 25 
Directors’ report .......................................................................................................................................................... 27 
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities .................................................................................................................. 29 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of the Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc ............................... 30 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income .............................................................................................. 39 
Consolidated statement of financial position ......................................................................................................... 40 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity ......................................................................................................... 41 
Company statement of financial position ............................................................................................................... 42 
Company statement of changes in equity ............................................................................................................... 43 
Consolidated statement of cash flows ..................................................................................................................... 44 
Company statement of cash flows ........................................................................................................................... 45 
Notes to the financial statements ............................................................................................................................. 46 
Directors and advisers ................................................................................................................................................ 71 

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Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Chairman's statement 

Despite  the  ongoing  Covid-19  situation  and  economic  volatility,  the  financial  year  2020/21  marked  a 

transformational period in Europa’s history. Oil prices have rebounded and major milestones achieved in the 

year to 31 July 2021 include the Wressle Oil Field coming into production in early 2021, which has more than 

doubled  the  Company’s  net  production  to  over  200bopd,  and  positive  results  from  our  technical  work 

programme on the Inezgane Licence in offshore Morocco - identifying a significant volume of potential resource 

- in excess of 2 billion barrels.  

In the period ahead, we look forward to well flow at Wressle achieving its full potential once the clean-up process 

has been completed, at which point attention can be turned towards the additional development opportunities 

on the licence.  In the meantime, Wressle continues to produce at above 500bopd (over 150bopd net to the 

Company)  generating  significant  cash  flow  for  the  Company.    In  Morocco,  we  continue  to  showcase  the 

excellent results of our technical work programme to prospective partners and we look forward to updating the 

market on developments of the farm out of Inezgane. We continue to evaluate potential additional assets to 

improve the balance of our portfolio.   

Elsewhere, the signing of an agreement with Causeway Geothermal (NI) Ltd in June to investigate West Firsby’s 

potential as a geothermal production site in the UK was also another major milestone for the Company as it 

looks to play a role in a clean energy future. Geothermal energy may provide a future role for our mature oilfields. 

The news of the agreement with Causeway Geothermal inspired excitement among shareholders and the wider 

investment community and we look forward to updating the market as work progresses.   

Onshore UK 

The  headline  story  of  the  past  12  months  across  Europa’s  portfolio  has  undoubtedly  been  the  successful 

commencement of test production at Wressle in early 2021 – which as a result has become the Company’s fourth 

producing onshore oil field in the West Midlands.  By adding 150bopd in late August 2021 Wressle has more 

than doubled the Company’s net oil production to over 200 bopd from 92bopd in 19/20 financial year.  This 

excellent outcome followed the successful execution of the field development plan which included the successful 

and  safe  completion  of  operations  to  recomplete  the  Wressle-1  well,  followed  by  the  reperforation  of  the 

Ashover Grit reservoir interval and the proppant squeeze, which saw Wressle hit an initial gross production rate 

of over 500bopd exceeding the pre-operations target.  

Bringing Wressle-1 on stream is only just the beginning of the growth story at Wressle, with considerable upside 

existing across other formations that were encountered by Wressle-1, such as the Penistone Flags, all of which 

represent low cost/low risk follow-up opportunities.  Wressle therefore provides a strong platform for future 

growth. For now, with a break-even oil price of just US$17.6, and with oil prices currently above US$80/ barrel, 

Wressle  is set  to  be  a  huge  driver  of  profitability  and cash  flow  for  the  Company.    This  is  in  line  with  our 

corporate goal of building a cash generative oil and gas company, one which provides shareholders with exposure 

to multiple value creating opportunities, while minimising capital risk. 

Other onshore UK opportunities are in line with our shift to contributing to the clean energy transition with the 

signing  of  an  MOU  with  Causeway  Geothermal  to  investigate  the  potential  of  our  West  Firsby  field  as  a 

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Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

geothermal production site in the UK. The asset is regarded as an ideal geothermal energy test site due to a 

comprehensive dataset, existing well bores and favourable geothermal gradient.    The move highlights Europa’s 

commitment to developing clean energy solutions and meeting our previously outlined ESG ambitions.  

Offshore Morocco 

In Morocco, we have made huge strides at our Inezgane licence in the Agadir Basin, which we acquired in 2019. 

During the period under review, the Company completed technical work at the licence, which generated an 

unrisked resource volume in excess of 2 billion barrels (oil equivalent) in the top five ranked prospects alone: 

Alpha, Charlie, Falcon, Turtle and Sandpiper. This excellent result allowed the Company to launch its farm out 

of this high-impact exploration opportunity in August 2021. Interest received to date from potential partners 

has been very encouraging.  Located on the same geological trend as major oil and gas discoveries along the west 

coast of Africa, the farm out presents a substantial opportunity for potential partners and is in line with Europa’s 

strategy of seeking to expose shareholders to impactful activity while minimising risk. Prominent energy players 

already operating in the area include ENI and Hunt.  

Offshore Ireland 

Offshore Ireland, the Company’s focus remains on its gas interests in the Irish Sea located in close proximity to 

the already producing Corrib gas field.  

We  are  still  awaiting  approval  from  the  Irish  regulators  for  our  acquisition  of  a  100%  interest  in  Frontier 

Exploration Licence (‘FEL’) 3/19  – building on our existing flagship project 1.5 tcf Inishkea gas prospect  - 

Frontier Exploration Licence (‘FEL’) 4/19 – located in the Slyne Basin.  

Subject to regulatory sign-off, we plan to farm out our newly enlarged strategic position in the Slyne Basin, which 

as per our Moroccan strategy, represents a massive opportunity for the Company, given the licences’ strategic 

location beside the Corrib gas field, which although Ireland’s largest producing gas field, is in decline. Given the 

proximity to existing infrastructure and location in a proven play, we regard our exploration licences in the Slyne 

Basin as low development cost, low risk and, with 2.7tcf of potential gas resources in play, high reward. As 100% 

owners  of  the  two  largest  prospects  located  close  to  the  producing  Corrib  gas  field  and  existing  processing 

facilities, Europa’s strategic position in what is a key transition fuel is unparalleled in the Irish market. 

Domestic gas plays a crucial role in Ireland’s overall energy mix.  With no new domestic sources of supply on 

the horizon, a pinch point is fast approaching - the energy regulator, the Commission for Regulation of Utilities 

and grid operator EirGrid, has warned there is a real danger of electricity blackouts in the future. Together with 

the forthcoming closure of power stations in Ireland and growing demand for energy from an increasing number 

of power-hungry data centres, domestic gas production can offer a solution to Ireland’s energy needs during the 

energy transition.   With gas playing a vital role in the country’s future energy mix following the government’s 

decision to phase out oil exploration in 2019, Europa’s assets have the potential therefore to play a vital part in 

supplying Ireland’s future energy needs. 

Board Changes 

This  past  year  has  also seen  major  changes  at  senior management  and  board  level  with  the  appointment  of 

interim CEO and non-executive Chairman Simon Oddie as our permanent chief executive in August. In turn, I 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

took on Simon’s previous role as non-executive Chairman having formerly held the role of senior non-executive 

director.  Simon  was  appointed  interim  CEO  and  non-executive  Chairman  in  November  2019 following the 

departure of Hugh Mackay. In October, the Company’s long-serving Finance Director, Mr Phil Greenhalgh, 

retired after over twelve years of service to the Company as Finance Director and Company Secretary. I would 

like to thank Phil for his years of excellent service, and his contribution to the success of the Company, on behalf 

of the board of directors and the shareholders. 

Conclusion and Outlook 

The Company is firmly on its way to achieving its previously stated goal of generating material production-based 

revenues and also creating significant value-creating opportunities.  Thanks to resilient oil prices over the past 

year, which are currently above US$80/barrel, our investment in Wressle has paid off as a fully operational and 

cash generative asset which has served to more than double Europa’s oil production and provide a major boost 

to the Company’s profitability. This in turn will allow us to explore new opportunities both in the oil and gas 

space but also across the wider energy sphere. Our aim remains to engage in potentially high reward activity 

without putting the Company’s balance sheet at risk. 

Looking ahead after a transformational 12 months, our focus is now on advancing our strategy of growing our 

existing portfolio both organically and via acquisitions which may add to our existing assets to create a balanced 

portfolio. 

As previously stated, we are looking to add a third leg to the business which may include late-stage appraisal and 

development ventures. To this end, we are currently evaluating a number of potential opportunities and I look 

forward to updating the market on developments.  

Finally, on behalf of the Board, I would like to thank the management, employees and consultants for their hard 

work on behalf of our shareholders and stakeholders during the past year and who worked tirelessly despite the 

ongoing  Covid-19  restrictions.  The  fact  that  the  Company  achieved  so  much  in  the  past  year  despite  the 

pandemic is a testament to the team’s dedication and focus.   

Mr Brian O’Cathain (Non-Executive Chairman) 

20 October 2021 

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Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Our portfolio 

Country 

Area 

Licence 

Field/ProspectProsp  Operator 

Equity 

Status 

Ireland 

Slyne Basin 

UK 

East Midlands 

FEL 4/19 

Inishkea, Corrib North   Europa 

100%  Exploration 

FEL 3/19 

Edge 

DL 003 

West Firsby 

Europa 

Europa 

100%1  Exploration 

99%  Production 

DL 001 

Crosby Warren 

Europa 

100%  Production 

PL 199/215 

Whisby-4 

PEDL180 

Wressle 

PEDL181 

BPEL 

Egdon 

Europa 

65%  Production 

30%  Development2 

50%  Exploration 

PEDL182 

Broughton North 

Egdon 

30%  Exploration 

PEDL299 

Hardstoft 

PEDL343 

Cloughton 

Ineos 

Egdon3 

25%  Field rejuvenation 

40%4  Appraisal 

Morocco 

Agadir Basin 

Inezgane 

Falcon & Turtle 

Europa 

75%  Exploration 

1 Subject to regulatory approval  
2 Reported as an exploration asset pending the end of test production 
3 Subject to regulatory approval 
4 Subject to regulatory approval 

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Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Our strategy 

Our strategy  

Europa's objective is to create  capital growth for its shareholders  by building a balanced portfolio of  assets.  

Successful drilling of its high impact exploration portfolio in combination with the appraisal, development and 

production parts of the business cycle will deliver significant value and our new ventures strategy is now focused 

exclusively on opportunities in this area. 

Our area of interest is the Atlantic seaboard, north Africa and northwest Europe. We are prepared to evaluate 

and  acquire  quality  assets  wherever  they  become  available  provided  that they  are  in  countries  that  have  low 

political,  regulatory  and  security  risks  and  have 

transparent 

licensing  processes 

together  with 

acceptable commercial terms. 

Strategy committee 

Following the creation of the committee by the Board in 2019 to ensure delivery of the strategy, meetings were 

held with SG Oddie as chair. SG Williams joined CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig and BJ O’Cathain as a member.  

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Operations 

Operational review 

UK Production - East Midlands  

Europa  produces  oil  from  four  UK  oilfields  Wressle,  West  Firsby,  Crosby  Warren;  and  Whisby-4. 

Commencement of oil flow at Wressle was achieved in Q1 2021.  In line with the field development plan, the 

field achieved the pre-operations gross production target of 500bopd post period end in August 2021.  Europa 

holds  a  30%  working  interest  in  licences  PEDL180  and  182  which  hold  Wressle  and  Broughton,  alongside 

Egdon Resources (operator, 30%), and Union Jack Oil (40%) and as a result, Europa’s net production currently 

stands at over 200bopd – which marks a doubling of output versus a year ago.   As Wressle achieved targeted 

gross production of 500bopd post period end, in the financial year to 31 July 2021 an average of 93 boepd net 

to Europa was recovered from its oil fields.   

Wressle is now the Company’s single biggest producing oil field.  Our other three fields are in decline, however, 

investigations into ways to improve recovery rates at a number of wells on the fields are underway – including 

potential workovers at the West Firsby field. 

UK Development – Wressle Oil Field 

We have continued to actively progress our efforts at our UK onshore acreage with the focus on establishing 

the free flow of oil at Wressle on our PEDL 180 and 182 licences in North Lincolnshire. We hold a 30% working 

interest in the licences, alongside Egdon Resources UK Limited (30% and the operator) and Union Jack Oil 

(40%). Wressle was discovered in 2014 by the Wressle-1 conventional exploration well which intersected three 

productive reservoir horizons.  

Earlier this year, we were advised by the  operator that the proppant squeeze operation on the Ashover Grit 

reservoir interval in the Wressle-1 well had been completed safely and successfully. This involved the injection 

of  a  total  of  146  cubic  metres  of  gelled  fluid  and  17.3  tonnes  of  ceramic  proppant  into  the  Ashover  Grit 

formation in line with the authorised programme. 

Following the proppant squeeze, we announced that Wressle - 1 was producing at above the targeted initial gross 

rate of 500bopd.  At this rate, Europa's 30% interest in the field translates into 150bopd net to the Company, 

which, when combined with the 83 bopd produced by our three existing fields in the East Midlands, increases 

overall production to over 200 bopd.  This, together with oil prices trading at over US$80 per barrel, means that 

Wressle has resulted in a sustainable step-up in the Company's net production and revenues. 

The commencement of oil flow at Wressle does not represent the sum of development ambitions for our existing 

onshore  UK  portfolio.   Scope  remains  to  increase  production  across  our  fields,  specifically  by  improving 

recovery rates and targeting proven intervals.  We intend to further evaluate the potential to undertake workovers 

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Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

on wells at the West Firsby field.  Any development activity undertaken is likely to be relatively low cost and low 

risk. 

The same can be said for future development work at Wressle where a number of follow-up opportunities have 

already  been  identified  on  PEDLs  180  and  182.  In  September  2016,  a  Competent  Person's  Report  ('CPR') 

provided independent estimates of reserves and contingent and prospective oil and gas resources for Wressle of 

2.15  million stock  tank  barrels  classified  as  discovered (2P+2C).  Further  development  of  Wressle,  including 

producing additional reserves existing in the Penistone Flags formation, is expected in the future.  Our existing 

onshore  UK  assets  therefore  offer  considerable  run  room  to  build  on  our  success  at  Wressle  and  grow 
production and revenues further. 

Exploration: Offshore Morocco 

The Inezgane licence in Morocco remains a hugely valuable asset for the Company and we were delighted to 

have recently launched the official farmout of this licence – a move which we believe will be a significant event 

for our shareholders. We were awarded a 75% interest in the licence in September 2019 and since then have 

undertaken a great deal of technical work which has involved the reprocessing and interpreting of historic 3D 

seismic  data.  Using  state  of  the  art  processes  it  has  helped  to  focus  our  efforts  on  identifying  the  sizeable 

prospects in the Lower Cretaceous play, a prolific producer in West Africa. 

We are now seeking a partner to work with us to take the licence forward to maximise its potential.  With this 

in mind, we have been encouraged by the interest generated by the launch of the farmout among major players.  

There have been a number of discoveries over recent years on the same trend line (and with similar geological 

horizons) both in oil and in gas. Morocco is an excellent place to do business and the country is certainly at the 

forefront of taking its ESG responsibilities very seriously. It is a country that generates a great deal of power 

from hydroelectric, wind and solar, however oil and gas still have a significant part to play as Morocco transitions 

towards a sustainable energy future. 

Exploration: Offshore Ireland  

As has been previously outlined, Europa’s offshore Ireland portfolio has undergone a shift from early-stage oil 

exploration in unproven basins to infrastructure-led gas exploration in the proven Slyne Basin. For what was a 

nominal sum, we acquired a 100% interest in FEL 3/19 which holds the 1.2 tcf Edge prospect and is located 

close to the producing Corrib gas field as well as our own 1.5 tcf Inishkea prospect on FEL 4/19. 

We are awaiting regulatory sign-off and subject to receiving this, Europa will control a 100% interest in the only 

two known 1 tcf plus gas prospects that lie close to Corrib and its production and processing facilities.  

The focus is to attract a potential partner for these assets which would help accelerate high impact development 

activity. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Financials 

Revenue  was  £1,372,000  (2020:  £1,244,000).  The  average  oil  price  achieved  was  US$56.6/bbl  (2020:  

US$48.0/bbl) and the average Sterling exchange rate was US$1.37 (2020: US$1.27). An average of 93 boepd 

(2020: 92 boepd) was recovered from our four UK onshore fields. Production (bopd) was 23 at West Firsby, 27 

at Crosby Warren, 33 net at Whisby and 10 net at Wressle.  

Stringent cost controls continued to be implemented. Cost of sales was £1,249,000 (2020: £1,438,000).  

Administrative expenses of £717,000 (2020: £823,000) included  £171,000 on new licence evaluations (2020: 

£81,000).  

Net cash spent on operating activities was £535,000 (2020: cash spent £884,000).  

Purchase of intangible fixed assets of £985,000 (2020: £1,148,000) was spent advancing the portfolio. 

The Group’s cash balance at 31 July 2021 was £0.6 million (31 July 2020: £0.8 million). 

Non-financial Key Performance Indicators (‘KPIs’) 

There were no reportable accidents or incidents in the year (2020: zero).  

Conclusion and Outlook 

As a result of progress made, the Company is firmly on track to achieve its twin objectives of generating material 

production-based  revenues and  also  creating significant  value-creating  opportunities.    Thanks  to  resilient  oil 

prices over the past year, which are currently above US$80/barrel, our investment in Wressle has paid off as a 

fully operational and cash generative asset which at a stroke has more than doubled Europa’s oil production and 

scaled up the Company’s profitability. This in turn will allow us to explore new opportunities as we look to 

expose  our  shareholders  to  potentially  high  reward  activity  while  preserving  the  integrity  of  the  Company’s 

balance sheet.   

In the year ahead, shareholders can expect the management team to continue to advance our strategy of growing 

our existing portfolio both organically and via acquisition as we look to add a third leg to the business, specifically 

a late-stage appraisal and development venture. We will also continue to evaluate further opportunities in the 

renewable space in addition to geothermal energy, as we increase efforts to play a key role in the UK’s transition 

to green energy.  

Qualified Person Review 

This release has been reviewed by Alastair Stuart, engineering advisor to Europa, who is a petroleum engineer 

with over 35 years' experience and a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers and has consented to the 

inclusion of the technical information in this release in the form and context in which it appears. 

Simon Oddie (CEO) 
20 October 2021 

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Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Risks and uncertainties 
The various activities of Europa subject the Company to a range of financial risks including commodity prices, 
liquidity, exchange rates and loss of operational equipment or wells. These risks are managed with the oversight 
of  the  Board  and  the  Audit  Committee  through  ongoing  review,  considering  the  operational,  business  and 
economic circumstances at that time. The primary risk facing the business is that of liquidity. 

Key risk 

Description and impact 
Employees and consultants’ health. 

Safety of operations and compliance with permits. 

Safe travel to and from the workplace for London personnel. 

Covid-19 

Mitigation 
Switched to home working for all office-
based personnel. Terminated London 
office lease. Operations staff designated 
as keyworkers, kept to separate bubbles. 

Able to maintain key services and full 
compliance with permits through 
lockdowns. 

Significant expenditure is required to establish the extent of oil 
and gas reserves through seismic surveys and drilling and there 
can be no certainty that oil and gas reserves will be found.  

Detailed cash forecasts are prepared 
regularly and reviewed by management 
and the Board. 

Funding 

Licences may be revoked by the relevant issuing authority if 
commitments under those licences are not met. Further details 
of current licence commitments are given in notes 11 and 25, 
also note comments on going concern in the note 1. 

Commodity 
price and 
foreign 
exchange 

Customer  

Exploration, 
drilling and 
operational  

Each month’s oil production is sold at a small discount to Brent 
price in US Dollars. These funds are matched where possible 
against expenditures within the business. As most capital and 
operating expenditures are Sterling denominated, US Dollars are 
periodically sold to purchase Sterling. A fall in oil price could 
make some projects economically unviable. 

All oil production is sold to one UK based refinery – if they were 
to stop buying Europa’s crude, additional transportation costs 
would be incurred. 
The business of exploration and production of oil and gas involves 
a  high  degree  of  risk.  Few  prospects  that  are  explored  are 
ultimately developed into producing oil and gas fields. 

There are numerous risks inherent in drilling and operating wells, 
many  of  which  are  beyond  the  Company’s  control.  Operations 
may be curtailed, delayed or cancelled as a result of environmental 
hazards,  industrial  accidents,  occupational  and  health  hazards, 
technical failures, weather, reservoir pressures, shortage or delays 
in the delivery of rigs and other equipment, labour disputes and 
compliance with governmental requirements.  

Drilling may involve unprofitable efforts, not only with respect to 
dry wells, but also to wells which, though yielding some oil or gas, 
are not sufficiently productive to justify commercial development. 
Completion of a well does not assure a profit on the investment 
or recovery of drilling, completion and operating costs.  

The Group’s production provides a 
monthly inflow of cash and is the main 
source of working capital and project 
finance. Additional cash is available 
through the placing of Europa shares in 
the market and potentially by the trading 
of assets. 

The Board has considered the use of 
financial instruments to hedge oil price 
and US Dollar exchange rate 
movements. To date, the Board has not 
hedged against price or exchange rate 
movements but intends to regularly 
review this policy. 

Other refineries are known to Europa 

Current production comes from six oil 
wells located at four different sites. This 
diversity of producing assets gives 
Europa resilience in the event of a 
problem with one well or site. 

Appropriate insurance is obtained 
annually which covers some of Europa’s 
exploration, development and 
production activities. 

Securing planning consent for  onshore wells takes time  and the 
outcome of planning applications is not certain. 

The Group engages planning and legal 
specialists in the field. 

Planning risk 

On behalf of the Board 

Simon Oddie, CEO 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Director’s statement under Section 172 (1) of  the 
Companies Act 2006  

Section 172 (1) of the Companies Act obliges the Directors to promote the success of the Company for the 
benefit of the Company’s members as a whole.  

This section specifies that the Directors must act in good faith when promoting the success of the Company 
and in doing so, have regard (amongst other things) to:  

the likely consequences of any decision in the long term;  

a) 
b)  the interests of the Company’s employees;  
c) 

the  need  to  foster  the  Company’s  business  relationship  with  suppliers,  customers 
and others;  

d)  the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment;  
e) 

the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business 
conduct; and  
the need to act fairly as between members of the Company.  

f) 

The Board of Directors is collectively responsible for formulating the Company’s strategy, which is to develop 
significant value accretive opportunities across a balanced portfolio of energy assets while minimising risk to 
shareholders. 

The Board of Directors confirm that during the last year under review it acted in accordance with section 172 
(1) of the 2006 Companies Act, which requires the Board to promote the long-term success of the Company 
for the benefit of shareholders.  
The strategies developed and executed by the Company has resulted in achieving value creation and de-risking 
of its development plans adopting the step-by-step approach under the leadership and guidance of the Board of 
Directors.  

Some of the key decisions taken by the Directors during the year under review and the significant outcomes 
achieved by the Company aimed at delivering on its strategies included:  

•  The appointment of Simon Oddie as Chief Executive (CEO) on a permanent basis in August 2020 
following his successful tenure as interim CEO held since November 2019. Simon brings a wealth of 
experience  to  the  role  and  the  decision  to  appoint  him  to  the  role  on  a  permanent  basis  ensures 
continuity of strategy at senior management level and minimal disruption to both the company and its 
employees. The board concluded that Mr Oddie was the best candidate for the job and will help deliver 
on the long-term goals of the Company.   

•  The appointment of Mr Brian O’Cathain as non-executive Chairman of the Company  - taking over 
from Mr Oddie who previously held the role. The decision to appoint him to the role was made on the 
basis of having already held the role of Senior Independent non-executive Director, plus his in-depth 
knowledge and experience of the energy sector.  

•  The achievement of first oil production at the Wressle field in North Lincolnshire at a target gross rate 
of 500bopd post period end in August 2021 (Europa’s net share: 150bopd) following extensive work 
completed  during  the  year  to  31  July  2021  has  served  to  double  the  Company’s  UK  onshore  net 
production and deliver a huge boost to our revenue profile, benefitting shareholders and employees 
alike. It also pays heed to our stated corporate aim of delivering significant value accretive opportunities 
while minimising risk. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

•  The signing of an MOU signed with Causeway Geothermal (NI) Ltd to assess the potential of our West 
Firsby oil field in the East Midlands as a test site for a sustainable, clean geothermal energy system (see 
page 1). The move is in line with the Company’s ESG strategy and stated desire to participate in the 
national energy transition and holds the potential, in turn, to deliver long term benefits not only to the 
Company and its shareholders but also the UK’s national energy grid and the local community in West 
Firsby.  

•  The raising of £1.44 million (net of fees) via a placement and broker option in February 2021 in order 
to fund work programmes necessary for future longevity of the Company including the evaluation of 
recovery  improvement  initiatives  onshore  UK  and  the  pursuit  of  late-stage  appraisal/development 
projects to rebalance the existing portfolio of production and exploration assets.  

•  Cost management strategies including the reduction of the salaries of Board members and fees by 50% 
in response to the Covid-19 pandemic in the first half of the year with all cuts reinstated in the second 
half. 

•  The Board also issued share options of 13,450,000 ordinary shares at 1 pence each to certain Directors 
and Company employees in response to the salary cuts that the Board and staff have taken in response 
to recent market volatility, while board members were issued with stock grants based on 50% of salary 
with an assumed exercise price. These measures served to incentivise both staff and the Board members 
alike following the recent pay cuts.  

•  The drawdown of a Director’s Loan of £225,000 in January 2021 from CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig in order 
to  ensure  the  necessary  liquidity  was  in  place  for  the  Company’s  ongoing  operations  following  the 
decision in November 2020 to defer the workover operations and final commissioning at the Wressle 
oil field during the Christmas shutdown period until January 2021. The loan was later repaid in March 
2021.  

•  The launch of the farmout of the high potential Inezgane Offshore Permit located in offshore Morocco 
in August (see page 11) which is in line with the Company’s strategy of seeking to develop a balanced 
portfolio of assets. 

•  The Directors have also decided to launch the farmout of the Frontier Exploration Licence (FELs) 
3/19 and 4/19 located in our offshore Ireland gas fields once regulatory approval of acquisition of FEL 
3/19 is received from the Irish authorities (see page 11). This will allow the Company to maximise the 
revenue potential of the licences’ – given their strategic location beside Ireland‘s largest producing gas 
field.  

•  The table below shows how the Group engages with Stakeholders 

Stakeholder 
Shareholders 

Government regulators 

Joint Venture partners 

How the Group Engages with Stakeholder 
Websites - all announcements 
Email notices 
Company’s Twitter account 
Online meetings 
OGA - Letter, online portal, seminars and meetings 
PPRS – Monthly Submissions and Website Data 
Input 
Environment Agency Bi-annual reports, soliciting a 
CAR Report and Site Visits 
HSE Site visits, meetings, inspections 
ONHYM Letter and Email correspondence 
DECC (formerly PAD) Letter and Email 
correspondence 

Email, Letter Correspondence and Annual 
TCM/OCM formal meetings 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Suppliers and advisors 
Local community 

Email, orders and payments, letter and KYC work 
This is site specific but includes personal and group 
meetings 

Compliance Assessment Report 

CAR 
DECC  Department of the Environment and Climate Change (Ireland) 
HSE  Health and Safety Executive 
KYC  Know Your Customer 
OCM  Operations Committee Meeting 
OGA  Oil & Gas Authority (UK) 
ONHYM Office National des Hydrocarbures et des Mines (Morocco) 
TCM 

Technical Committee Meeting 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Chairman’s introduction to governance 

How we govern the Group 
As Chairman of Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc, it is my responsibility to ensure that the Board is performing 
its role effectively and has the capacity, ability, structure and support to enable it to continue to do so.  

The information on Corporate Governance set out below  and on the website www.europaoil.com is, in the 
opinion of the Board, fully in accordance with the revised requirements of AIM Rule 26.  

The Board has determined that the Quoted Companies Alliance (QCA) Corporate Governance Code for small 
and mid-size quoted companies is the most appropriate for the Group to adhere to.  

The QCA Code is constructed around 10 broad principles and a set of disclosures. The QCA has stated what it 
considers to be appropriate arrangements for growing companies and asks companies to provide an explanation 
of how they are meeting the principles through the prescribed disclosures. We have considered how we apply 
each principle to the extent that the Board judges these to be appropriate in the circumstances, and below we 
provide an explanation of the approach taken in relation to each. The Board considers that it does not depart 
from any of the principles of the QCA Code during the period under review.  

The last 12 months have seen, amongst others, the following governance developments:  

•  SG Oddie, and BJ O’Cathain met with major shareholders 

•  Retirement of Finance Director (Phil Greenhalgh)  

•  A Board evaluation review in September 2021, the main action points arising being:  

o  To strengthen the management team 

o  To obtain more from meetings of the Board 

o  To improve board diversity 

For the purposes of clarity, the description of how the Group complies with the 10 principles of the QCA Code 
begins with a summary of those areas where the Group does not fully comply, followed by a review of each of 
the principles in turn.   

Principle 6:  

Action 

The Board has resolved to look for a Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and 
Deputy CEO giving due consideration to all candidates but especially to 
female candidates. Any appointment made will be on merit. 

Ensure that between them the 
Directors have the necessary up-to-
date experience, skills and 
capabilities 

The Board should understand and 
challenge its own diversity, 
including gender balance, as part of 
its composition. 

Review of each of the QCA principles 

Principle 1: 

Our strategy is described here: 

Establish  a  strategy  and  business 
model  which  promote  long-term 
value for shareholders 

http://www.europaoil.com/strategy.aspx  

Also note: 

• 

In January 2019 following a review of strategy led by BJ O’Cathain, 
the  Board  resolved  to  establish  a  Strategy  Committee  to  provide 
support to the executive in implementing the strategy.  

•  The Strategy Committee met once in 2020-21 

•  Strategy is actively assessed and adjusted by discussion between the 

Directors 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

•  Strategy is by necessity opportunity driven 

Principle 2: 

The Company engages with shareholders by: 

Seek to understand and meet 
shareholder needs and expectations 

•  Conducting regular interviews with Proactive Investors and 

appearing on virtual forums 

• 

Issuing Regulatory News Service (RNS) announcements and 
emailing to its subscriber list 

•  Maintaining an active Twitter account. 

•  Replying directly to investor questions sent to 

mail@europaoil.com  

•  Conducting at least twice-yearly meetings with major shareholders 
on its results roadshows to obtain a balanced understanding of 
their issues and concerns 

Shareholder liaison is the responsibility of the CEO and Chairman, with 
assistance from the SID. 

At the last (closed) AGM, voting did not indicate any specific shareholder 
concerns. 

Principle 3: 

Key stakeholders are: 

Take into account wider 
stakeholder and social 
responsibilities and their 
implications for long-term success 

Principle 4: 

Embed effective risk management, 
considering both opportunities and 
threats, throughout the 
organisation 

•  Regulators (OGA, DECC (Department of Environment, Climate 
and Communications (Ireland)), ONHYM (Office National des 
Hydrocarbures et des Mines), EA, HSE, Local Authorities) 

•  Host Governments 

•  Local communities 

•  Partners and Co-venturers  

•  Employees and consultants 

•  Phillips 66, (who purchase our produced crude oil)  

The CEO provides a weekly report to the Board which includes a section 
on Stakeholder and Social Responsibility. This includes stakeholder 
feedback from multiple sources.  

Europa is a member of the Irish Offshore Operators’ Association 
(‘IOOA’) which has been highly active in promoting the need for oil and 
gas exploration in Ireland and in particular the role of indigenous gas. 

The finance department prepares a risk register for the Group that 
identifies key operational and financial risks. All members of the Board are 
provided with a copy of the register. The register is updated as and when 
necessary. 

The Audit Committee monitors the integrity of the financial statements 
and related announcements, reviews the Company’s internal control 
processes and risk management systems, and reports its conclusions to the 
Board. The committee regularly reviews the effectiveness of the Company’s 
systems and risk management. 
Within the scope of the annual audit, specific financial risks including 
foreign currency, interest rates, liquidity and credit are evaluated in detail. 

All members of staff and contractors are provided with a handbook which 
includes sections on share dealing, bribery and whistleblowing. The 
handbook is updated and reissued regularly. 

18 

 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

We do not currently have a risk management framework, a risk 
management improvement programme a risk training programme, 
workshops, risk appetite or monitoring dashboard but will review if any of 
these would be beneficial in the coming year. 

Principle 5: 

All of the three NEDs are considered by the Board to be independent.  

Maintain the Board as a well-
functioning, balanced team led by 
the chair 

Biographies are available at: 

http://www.europaoil.com/Directors.aspx 

Two of the Board’s Non-Executive Directors, SA Williams and BJ 
O’Cathain, hold share options. Whilst recognising that the granting of 
options to Non-Executive Directors can be deemed to compromise 
independence in accordance with the principles of the QCA Corporate 
Governance Code, the Board views this to be part of a balanced 
remuneration package to attract and retain high quality candidates and 
considers the numbers of options to have no effect upon the independence 
of these Directors as the sums are insignificant in the context of the 
individual’s financial circumstances. 

One of the Board’s Non-Executive Directors, CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig, has 
been a member for more than the nine years recommended by the QCA 
Corporate Governance Code and holds 5.8% of the Group’s shares. The 
Board believes him to be independent in character and free from any other 
relationship that could affect his independent judgement. This is 
demonstrated by his objective and active contribution in Board meetings 
and their voting record.  

The appointment of SA Williams in March 2020 compensated somewhat 
for his seniority and reduced the average tenure of the Board. Directors 
serving more than six years will continue to be proposed for re-election at 
each AGM. 

SG Oddie (CEO) is a full-time employee.  

BJ O’Cathain (Non-Executive Chairman), SA Williams and CW Ahlefeldt-
Laurvig (all Non-Executive Directors) are all expected to devote such time 
as is necessary for the proper performance of their duties including 
attendance at Board meetings, the AGM, and Board committee meetings.  

The minimum numbers of meetings for committees are: Audit Committee 
– two; Remuneration Committee – one; and Nominations Committee - 
one. Meetings held and attendance records of all Directors for the period 1 
August 2020 to 31 July 2021 are set out below. 

The Board is balanced in terms of experience, and the split between 
Executive and Non-Executive Directors. 

All Board and Board committee members received agenda and associated 
papers a few days in advance of meetings. 

Members of the Board of Directors are listed at 
http://www.europaoil.com/Directors.aspx 

including their relevant experience, skills and personal qualities. There is an 
appropriate breadth of experience covering the key aspects of the business 
including technical, operational, financial and international although there 
will be a requirement for a CFO/deputy CEO as the company grows. The 
gender balance also needs to be addressed and will be considered at the 
same time. It is the responsibility of each Director to keep skills up to date 
with the assistance of the Chairman who has a core responsibility in 
addressing the development needs of the Board as a whole with a view to 
enhancing its overall effectiveness. 

Board Committees call on external advisers where this is deemed necessary.  

19 

Principle 6: 

Ensure that between them the 
Directors have the necessary up-to-
date experience, skills and 
capabilities 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

No significant matters of a corporate governance nature arose during the 
period covered by the 2021 Annual Report nor subsequently to the date of 
this statement on which it was considered necessary for the Board or any 
of its committees to seek specific external advice, although the Board 
consults with its Nominated Adviser and other professional advisers on 
routine matters arising in the ordinary course of its business. 

The main internal advisory functions are those of Senior Independent 
Director and Company Secretary. 

New Directors receive training from the Company Nominated Adviser and 
broker. 

Principle 7: 

Evaluate Board performance based 
on clear and relevant objectives, 
seeking continuous improvement 

The third effectiveness review used the Thinking Board Evaluator from the 
company Independent Audit was undertaken during the year. Each 
Director fed back to the Chairman and results were assimilated and 
considered at the following Board meeting. The main areas requiring 
attention were: 

o  Strengthening the management team. Since the retirement 
of the Finance Director/Company Secretary in November 
2020 these functions have been provided by internal non-
Board  appointees.  As  the  Company  grows,  Directors 
recognise the need to recruit a Chief Financial Officer on 
the Board who can also act as a deputy to the CEO. 

o  Obtaining more from meetings of the Board. The restricted 
nature of virtual meetings during the pandemic has limited 
the scope and benefit. The return to physical meetings (the 
first  held  7th  September  2021)  resumption  of  site  visits, 
physical technical presentations and informal exchanges of 
ideas  around  meetings  are  expected  to  improve  this 
situation significantly.   

o  Board diversity. This will be addressed as the management 

team is strengthened. 

The Board has concluded that the fourth review, in 2022 should include an 
external third-party component. 

Principle 8: 

Promote a corporate culture that is 
based on ethical values and 
behaviours 

Members of the Board are committed to observing and promoting the 
highest standards of ethical conduct in the performance of their 
responsibilities on the Board of Europa. The Board believes that a culture 
that is based on the highest ethical standards provides a competitive 
advantage and is consistent with fulfilment of the Group’s strategy. 

Board meetings have been held virtually on Zoom with the resumption of 
physical meetings on 7th September 2021. The previous practice of holding 
a meeting once a year at one of the production sites will be resumed. 
Directors are encouraged to spend time with, listen to, and act upon any 
concerns of, staff members and contractors. 

•  The Board considers that cultural differences between UK and 

Ireland are not material. 

•  We do not have a culture policy, nor a specific culture related 

employee training / induction programme but resolve to review 
the need for such a programme annually. 

•  Culture and strategy are deeply aligned. 

•  The Board ensures that the Company has the means to determine 
that ethical values and behaviours are recognised and respected. 

20 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Principle 9: 

Maintain governance structures and 
processes that are fit for purpose 
and support good decision making 
by the Board 

Role of the Chairman – BJ O’Cathain (from 4 August 2020, previously SG 
Oddie) 

•  Runs the Board and sets its agenda.  

•  Promotes the highest standards of corporate governance. 

•  Ensures that the members of the Board receive accurate, timely and 

clear information, to promote the success of the Group. 

•  Ensures effective communication with shareholders. 

•  Takes the lead in identifying and meeting the development needs of 

individual Directors, ensuring that the performance of individuals and 
of the Board as a whole and its committees is evaluated at least once a 
year. 

Role of the CEO – SG Oddie (from 4th August 2020, previously SG Oddie 
as Interim CEO) 

•  Develops Group objectives and strategy  

•  Executes strategy following approval by, the Board. 

•  Identifies and executes licence acquisitions and disposals, joint venture 

opportunities, approves major work programmes. 

•  Leads geographic diversification initiatives. 

•  Identifies and executes new business opportunities outside the current 

core activities. 

•  Manages the Group’s risk profile, including the health and safety 

performance of the business, in line with the extent and categories of 
risk identified as considered acceptable by the Board. 

Role of the SID – SA Williams (from 4 August 2020, previously BJ 
O’Cathain).  

•  Works closely with the Chairman, acting as a sounding board and 

providing support. 

•  Acts as an intermediary for other Directors as and when necessary.  

•  Is available to shareholders and other non-Executives to address any 
concerns or issues they feel have not been adequately dealt with 
through the usual channels of communication. 

•  Meets at least annually with the non-Executives to review the 

Chairman’s performance and carrying out succession planning for the 
Chairman’s role.  

•  Attends sufficient meetings with major shareholders to obtain a 

balanced understanding of their issues and concerns. 

Role of the Company Secretary – Murray Johnson (from 14th October 
2020, previously Phil Greenhalgh) 

•  Distributes documents to the Board. 

•  Is available to the Audit, Remuneration, Nominations and Strategy 

Committees as required. 

•  Keeps minutes of meetings. 

•  Updates Companies House records for the Company and subsidiaries. 

Committee Terms of Reference and Matters Reserved for the Board are 
available at: http://www.europaoil.com/corporatedocuments.aspx 

21 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

The Board intends to continuously review its governance framework in line 
with the Company’s plans for growth. 

Principle 10: 

Communicate how the company is 
governed and is performing by 
maintaining a dialogue with 
shareholders and other relevant 
stakeholders 

Owing to Covid-19 restrictions it has not been possible for SG Oddie and 
BJ O’Cathain to meet major shareholders since March 2020, but such 
meetings will now resume 

The Audit Committee met to review the interim and preliminary accounts 
for the Group and held meetings with the external auditor without 
executives present.  

The Remuneration Committee met once during the year to review 
remuneration and incentives. 

During the year the Company has focused on advancing its portfolio and 
looked at new asset opportunities.  

Past Notice of AGMs are available at 
http://www.europaoil.com/reportsandpresentations.aspx 

Board 
The Board is responsible for the overall governance of the  Company. Its responsibilities include setting the 
strategic direction of the Company, providing leadership to put the strategy into action and to supervise the 
management of the business. 

The Board comprises three Non-Executive Directors (‘NEDs’) and the CEO. Biographies of the Directors are 
on pages 25-26. All NEDs are considered by the Board to be independent. The roles and responsibilities of the 
Chairman, CEO, Senior Independent Director (‘SID’) and Company Secretary are set out on the website and 
summarised below. 

BJ O'Cathain is Non-Executive Chairman, SA Williams is the SID, CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig is NED.  

Terms of Reference 
The Terms of Reference of all Board Committees are available on the website. 

Record of meetings 
Meetings held and attendance records of all Directors for the period 1 August 2020 to 31 July 2021 are set out 
below: 

Board 

Attended 
/Possible 
9 / 9 
9 / 9 
9 / 9 
9 / 9 
3 / 3 

Audit    
Committee 
Attended 
/Possible 
2 / 2 
2 / 2 
2 / 2 
2 / 2 

Remuneration 
Committee 
Attended 
/Possible 
1 / 1 
1 / 1 
1 / 1 
1 / 1 

Nominations 
Committee 
Attended 
/Possible 
0 / 0 
0 / 0 
0 / 0 
0 / 0 

Strategy 
Committee 
Attended 
/Possible 
1 / 1 
1 / 1 
1 / 1 
1 / 1 

SG Oddie 
CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig 
BJ O'Cathain 
SA Williams 
P Greenhalgh 

BJ O’Cathain 

Chairman 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Audit Committee Report 
The Audit Committee meets twice a year and is chaired by SA Williams. CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig and BJ O’Cathain 
are members. During the year, the committee has reviewed: 

• 

Internal financial controls systems and other internal control and risk management systems;  

•  The statements to be included in the annual report concerning internal control, risk management and 

the going concern statement; 

•  The carrying values of the producing and intangible assets; 

•  The adequacy and security of the Company’s arrangements for its employees and contractors to raise 

concerns about possible wrongdoing in financial reporting or other matters; 

•  The procedures for detecting fraud;  

•  The systems and controls for the prevention of bribery;  

•  The need for an internal audit function. 

The committee has overseen the relationship with the external auditor, including:  

•  Approved their remuneration for audit and non-audit services; 

•  Approved their terms of engagement and the scope of the audit;  

•  Satisfied  itself  that  there  are  no  relationships  between  the  auditor  and  the  Company  which  could 

adversely affect the auditor’s independence and objectivity;  

•  Monitored the auditor’s processes for maintaining independence, its compliance with relevant UK law, 
regulation,  other  professional  requirements  and  the  Ethical  Standard,  including  the  guidance  on  the 
rotation of audit partner and staff;  

•  Assessed the qualifications, expertise and resources, and independence of the external auditor and the 

effectiveness of the external audit process;  

•  Evaluated the risks to the quality and effectiveness of the financial reporting process in the light of the 

external auditor’s communications with the committee;  

•  Met with the external auditor without management being present, to discuss the auditor’s remit and any 

issues arising from the audit; 

•  Discussed with the external auditor the factors that could affect audit quality and reviewed and approved 
the annual audit plan, ensuring it is consistent with the scope of the audit engagement, having regard to 
the seniority, expertise and experience of the audit team. 

The committee reviewed the findings of the audit with the external auditor, including: 

•  A discussion of issues which arose during the audit, including any errors identified during the audit; and 

the auditor’s explanation of how the risks to audit quality were addressed;  

•  Key accounting and audit judgements;  

•  The auditor’s view of their interactions with senior management;  

•  A  review  of  any  representation  letters requested  by the  external  auditor before  they  were  signed  by 

management;  

•  A  review  of  the  management  letter  and  management’s  response  to  the  auditor’s  findings  and 

recommendations;  

•  A review of the effectiveness of the audit process, including an assessment of the quality of the audit, 
the  handling  of  key  judgements  by  the  auditor,  and  the  auditor’s  response  to  questions  from  the 
committee. 

SA Williams 

Audit Committee Chair  

23 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Remuneration Committee Report 
The Remuneration Committee reviews the scale and structure of the Executive Directors' remuneration and the 
terms  of  their  service  contracts.  The  remuneration  and  terms  and  conditions  of  appointment  of  the  Non-
Executive Directors are set by the Board. 

BJ O’Cathain chairs the committee. CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig and SA Williams are members. The Remuneration 
Committee met once in the year.  

In  setting  the  remuneration  for  the  Executive  Directors  and  key  staff,  the  Committee  compares  published 
remuneration data for other AIM and Main LSE Board oil and gas companies of a similar market capitalisation 
and seeks to ensure that the remuneration of the Executive Directors is broadly comparable to their peers in 
other similarly sized organisations. In 2020-21: 

•  There were no changes to remuneration policy, pension rights and any compensation payments.  

•  Directors, London based staff and consultants agreed a temporary salary/rate cut of 20% since 1 April 
2020 this was reinstated from 1st March 2021. Directors agreed a further salary/rate cut to 50% from 
1st August 2020 which was also reinstated from 1st March 2021. 

•  Two employees took on more responsibility on the retirement of the Finance Director and received a 

corresponding salary increase 

•  There were no other changes to pay and employment conditions across the Company or Group.  

•  An executive bonus scheme for the calendar year 2020 was suspended when salaries were cut. A revised 

executive bonus scheme was implemented for the calendar year commencing 1st January 2021. 

Brian O’Cathain 

Remuneration Committee Chair  

Nominations Committee Report 
The Nominations Committee reviews the size, structure and composition of the Board and considers succession 
planning. The committee identifies and nominates candidates to fill Board vacancies for approval of the Board. 

Brian O’Cathain chairs the committee. CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig and SA Williams are members. The Nominations 
Committee sat last in 2019-20.  

• 

It was re-iterated that the Company would look for a female Board member at the next opportunity. 

•  The committee reviewed succession planning and agreed who would step into senior roles in the event 

of an emergency. 

•  The time commitment required of the NEDs was considered to be appropriate. 

Brian O’Cathain 

Nominations Committee Chair  

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Board of  Directors 
Members of the Board of Directors are listed below, including their relevant experience, skills and personal 
qualities. There is an appropriate breadth of experience  for current activities covering the key aspects of the 
business including technical, operational, financial and international. The gender balance will be considered for 
the next appointment. It is the responsibility of each Director to keep skills up to date with the assistance of the 
Chairman who has a core responsibility in addressing the development needs of the Board as a whole with a 
view to enhancing its overall effectiveness. 

Board Committees call on external advisers where this is deemed necessary. During 2020-21 this has not been 
required. 

The  main  internal  advisory  functions  are  that  of  Senior  Independent  Director  (SA  Williams)  and  Company 
Secretary (Murray Johnson). 

SG Oddie, CEO 
Simon joined the Board as non-executive Chairman in January 2018, was appointed Interim CEO in November 
2019 and then permanent CEO on 4th August 2020 whilst stepping down as non-executive Chairman.  

He  has  over  40  years  of  relevant  experience  as  a  petroleum  engineer,  technical  consultant,  manager  and 
investment adviser in upstream oil and gas. He has previously worked with Schlumberger, ERC Energy Resource 
Consultants, Enterprise Oil and Gemini Oil and Gas Advisors LLP.  

He was CEO of Enterprise Italy during its first operated exploration drilling both on and offshore. Simon more 
recently was the architect of the Gemini Oil and Gas royalty funds where he established a solid track record in 
fundraising, investor relations, and origination, evaluation and execution of oil and gas deals.  

He has completed the Advanced Management Program (AMP 155) at Harvard Business School, holds an MSc. 
in  Petroleum  Engineering  from  Imperial  College  and  a  BSc  (First  Class)  in  Electronics  from  Manchester 
University. Simon keeps his skills up to date through participation in key professional societies, industry groups, 
and seminars. 

Committees:  S (chair of the Strategy Committee) 

BJ O’Cathain, Non-Executive Chairman 
Brian has worked as a geologist and petroleum engineer in the oil and gas sector since 1984. He began his career 
with Shell International and worked at Enterprise Oil and Tullow Oil in senior roles. He served as CEO of 
Afren plc to 2007, and as CEO of Petroceltic International plc, until 2016. He was a Non-Executive Director 
of Eland Oil and Gas, an AIM listed company producing over 20,000 bopd in Nigeria, until its successful sale 
to Seplat plc in December 2019. He is also a Non-Executive Director of Nephin Energy, a private gas producing 
company  which  is  the  largest  equity  holder  in  the  Corrib  Gas  Field  in  Ireland.  Nephin  Energy  is  a  100% 
subsidiary of Canadian Pension Plan Investment Board, one of the world’s largest Pension Funds with assets of 
US $419 billion under management. He is a founding director and chair of Causeway Geothermal Limited a 
geothermal company. 

His skills include market understanding, fund-raising, and the technical, legal and financial aspects of running a 
publicly listed Oil and Gas company. He led and negotiated the agreed nil-premium merger of Petroceltic and 
Melrose Resources in 2012. 

He holds a BSc (First Class) in Geology from the University of Bristol. Brian keeps his knowledge and awareness 
current by participation in industry conferences, IOD workshops, and by networking with other directors and 
executives in the Oil and Gas industry.  

Committees: A R N S (chair of the Remuneration and Nomination Committees) 

CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig, Non-Executive Director 
William helped take Europa onto AIM and remains one of its largest shareholder. He started his career at Maersk 
as  a  petroleum  engineer  in  1982,  followed,  in  1987,  by  IPEC,  a  London  based  consultancy,  where  he  was 
responsible for field reserves estimations.  

In 1990, he became an independent consultant, undertaking field and portfolio evaluations for acquisitions and 
field development work on a range of projects in the North Sea, former Soviet Union and Middle East. He was 
also, in 1991, a founder and Non-Executive Director of IFX Infoforex Ltd which was successfully sold in 2000.  

25 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

William has continued to work as an independent consultant petroleum engineer, latest in 2013  – 2016 for a 
client in Norway.  

Committees: A R N S  

SA Williams, Non-Executive Director 
Since  October  2017, Mr  Williams  has  held the  position  of  Co-CEO  of Reabold Resources,  an  AIM traded, 
upstream oil & gas company focused on investing in late-stage upstream opportunities. At Reabold, Mr Williams 
has played a leading role in raising capital, building a diversified portfolio of investments in the UK, Romania 
and the US and, since August 2018, the company's participation in nine wells, eight of which have resulted in 
discoveries. Prior to Reabold, Mr Williams held various positions within both the energy and financial sectors 
including as a fund manager at Guinness  Asset Management and, between 2010 and 2016, as an investment 
analyst at M&G focused on energy and resources. Between 2005 and 2010, Mr Williams worked as an energy 
investment analyst for Simmons & Company International and from 2003 to 2005 as an analyst at ExxonMobil. 

Committees: A R N S (chair of the Audit Committee) 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Directors’ report 

Business review 
A detailed review of the Group’s business is set out in the Chairman’s statement (page 5) and Our strategy (page 
9).  

Future developments 
Details of expected future developments for the Group are set out in the Chairman’s statement (page  5) and 
Our strategy (page 9). 

Dividends 
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2020: £nil). 

Directors and their interests 
The Directors’ interests in the share capital of the Company at 31 July were:  

CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig 1 
BJ O’Cathain 
SG Oddie 
SA Williams 

Number of ordinary  
shares 

2021 
34,906,288 
634,615 
884,615 
141,131 

2020 
33,752,442 
250,000 
500,000 
141,131 

Number of ordinary 
share options 
2021 
- 
2,950,000 
9,200,000 
2,500,000 

2020 
- 
1,200,000 
1,200,000 
1,200,000 

1.  CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig holds his shares with HSBC Global Custody Nominee (UK) Limited. 

Details of the vesting conditions of the Directors’ stock options are included in note 23.  

Directors’ interests in transactions 
No Director had, during the year or at the end of the year, other than disclosed above, a material interest in any 
contract in relation to the Group’s activities except in respect of service agreements. 

Subject to the conditions set out in the Companies Act 2006, the Company has arranged appropriate Directors’ 
and Officers’ insurance to indemnify the Directors against liability in respect of proceedings brought by third 
parties. Such provisions remain in force at the date of this report.  

Financial instruments 
See note 1 and note 24 to the financial statements. 

Related party transactions 
See note 27 to the financial statements. 

Post reporting date events 
See note 28 to the financial statements. 

Capital structure and going concern 
Further  details  on  the  Group’s  capital  structure  are  included  in  note  22.  Comments  on  going  concern  are 
included in note 1 

Accounting policies 
A full list of accounting policies is set out in note 1 to the financial statements. No new accounting standards 
were adopted in the period. 

Disclosure of information to the auditor 
In the case of each person who was a director at the time this report was approved: 

▪ 

▪ 

So far as that Director was aware there was no relevant available information of which the Company’s 
auditor was unaware; and 
That Director had taken all necessary steps to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information, 
and to establish that the Company’s auditor was aware of that information. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Auditor 
A resolution to re-appoint the auditor, BDO LLP, will be proposed at the next Annual General Meeting. 

On behalf of the Board 

Simon Oddie 
CEO 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Statement of  Directors’ responsibilities 

Directors’ responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations.  

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the 
Directors have elected to prepare the Group and Company financial statements in accordance with International 
Accounting Standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.   Under Company law 
the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that year. The 
Directors are also required to prepare financial statements in accordance with the rules of the London Stock 
Exchange for companies trading securities on the Alternative Investment Market.  

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

•  Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

•  Make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

•  State  whether  they  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Accounting  Standards  in 
conformity  with  the  requirements  of  the  Companies  Act  2006,  subject  to  any  material  departures 
disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and 

•  Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 

the Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the  Company’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time  the  financial  position  of  the 
Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The Directors are responsible for ensuring the annual report and the financial statements are made available on 
a website. Financial statements are published on the Company's website in accordance with legislation in the 
United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements, which may vary from 
legislation in other jurisdictions. The maintenance and integrity of the Company's website is the responsibility 
of the Directors. The Directors' responsibility also extends to the ongoing integrity of the financial statements 
contained therein. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Independent auditor’s report to the members of  the Europa 
Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 
Opinion on the financial statements 

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s 
affairs as at 31 July 2021 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended; 
the  Group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; 
the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with international 
accounting  standards  in  conformity  with  the  requirements  of  the  Companies  Act  and  as  applied  in 
accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. 

We have audited the financial statements of Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its 
subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 31 July 2021 which comprise the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income, the consolidated and Company statements of financial position, the consolidated and 
the Company statements of changes in equity, the consolidated and Company statements of cash flows and 
notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.  

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation  is applicable law and 
international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and as 
regards the Parent Company financial statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs 
(UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the 
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We believe that the audit 
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Independence 

We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that 
are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied 
to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.  

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of 
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts to support their assessment of the going concern position of 
the Group and Company as disclosed in note 1 to the financial statements. Due to the judgements and estimates 
around future oil prices and production from the new Wressle well in order to generate sufficient cash during 
the period without a requirement to raise additional funds, we considered going concern to be a key audit matter.  

Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of the Group and the Parent Company’s ability to continue to adopt 
the going concern basis of accounting and in response to the key audit matter included: 

•  Reviewing the Directors cash flow forecasts for the period to 31 December 2022 and evaluating the 
level of cash headroom available and the assumptions including oil production, oil prices, operating 
expenditure and capital expenditure. In doing so we compared production forecasts to recent actual 
performance  trends  and  considered  the  oil  price  assumptions  against  consensus  market  prices.  We 
compared the reasonableness of forecast costs with historical expenditure. 

•  Considering whether previous forecasts were consistent with actuals, to ascertain whether the Directors 

had a history of accurate forecasting which is not subject to bias. 

•  Reviewing board minutes and RNS announcements for any indicators regarding operating costs and 

production that may have an impact on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

•  Reviewing  Director’s  sensitivity  analysis  performed  in  respect  of  key  assumptions  underpinning  the 
forecasts  including  reviewing  the  oil  price  sensitivity  by  comparing  the  sensitivity  to  market  data, 
production levels from the Wressle well to recent performance trends and limiting capital expenditure 
to committed levels. 

•  Reviewing licences for commitments to check these have been reflected in the cash flow forecasts. 
•  Reviewing the adequacy and consistency of the disclosure included within the financial statements in 
respect of going concern against the requirement of the accounting standards and the results of our 
audit testing and to ensure consistency with the detail of the directors’ going concern assessment. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group and the Parent Company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements 
are authorised for issue.  

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. 

Overview 

Coverage 

Key audit matters 

Materiality 

97% (2020: 91%) of Group loss before tax 
100% (2020: 100%) of Group revenue 
99% (2020: 98%) of Group total assets 

Carrying  value  of  producing 
assets 
Carrying  value  of  exploration 
and evaluation assets 
Going concern 
Group financial statements as a whole 

2021 
☒ 

☒ 

☒ 

2020 
☒ 

☒ 

☒ 

£120,000 (2020: £100,000) based on 1.5% (2020: 1.5%) of total 
assets.  

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the 
Group’s system of internal control, and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

We also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was 
evidence of bias by the Directors that may have represented a risk of material misstatement. 

Our  Group  audit  scope  focused  on  the  Group’s  principal  three  operating  subsidiaries,  Europa  Oil  &  Gas 
Limited, Europa Oil and Gas New Ventures Limited and Europa Oil & Gas (Inishkea) Limited, all being located 
in the UK, which were all subject to full scope audits. Together with the Parent Company which was also subject 
to a full scope audit, these represent the significant components of the Group. All of the significant components 
were audited by BDO UK LLP.  

Four  components  of  the  Group  were  considered  non-significant  based  on  their  relative  size  and  risk.  The 
financial information of these components were principally subject to analytical review procedures performed 
by  Group  audit  team  to  confirm  there  were  no  significant  risks  of  material  misstatements  within  these 
components. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit 
of  the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: 
the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in 
forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. In addition to the 
matter described in the Conclusions related to going concern section of our report, we have determined the 
matters below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.” 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Key audit matter  

How the scope of our audit addressed the 
key audit matter 

Carrying 
value 
producing 
assets 

of 

of 

the 

As detailed in notes 1 and 
12,  the  assessment  of  any 
impairment to the carrying 
value 
three 
producing  fields  requires 
significant  estimation  and 
judgement 
by 
management. Based on the 
assumptions  set  out,  no 
was 
impairment 
recognised in 2021. 

The  key  estimates  and 
include  oil 
judgements 
price, 
reserves,  decline 
rate, and discount rate. 

Judgement  is  required  by 
management 
in 
determining whether there 
is  an  impairment  to  be 
recognised  or  whether 
there has been an increase 
in  value  that  should  give 
rise  to  any 
impairment 
reversals. 

Management is required to 
prepare 
appropriate 
disclosure  in  accordance 
with applicable accounting 
standards.  

and 

critically 

challenged 

We reviewed management’s discounted cash 
flow forecasts for each of the three producing 
fields 
the 
appropriateness  of  the  key  estimates  and 
assumptions  used  by  management  in  the 
discounted cash flow models which included 
a comparison of oil price forecasts to market 
outlook  reports,  recalculation  of  discount 
rates  by  involving  our  internal  valuations 
experts  to  assess  the  appropriateness  of  the 
discount  rate  applied,  performing  sensitivity 
analysis  in  respect  of  significant  inputs  and 
comparing  the  reasonableness  of  cost  and 
production assumptions to historical data in 
the year. 

We  reviewed  the  reserves  and  decline  rates 
used in the models and compared them to the 
most recent independent competent persons 
the  objectivity, 
reports 
competence  and 
independence  of  those 
experts as well as the suitability of the work of 
those experts for our purposes 

assessed 

and 

We reviewed the licences to check whether or 
not they remain valid. 

We  met  with  operational  management  to 
evaluate  the  basis  for  forecast  increases  in 
production  associated  with  well  stimulation 
activities, considered the historical impact of 
such  activities  and  evaluated  the  extent  to 
which appropriate costs were included in the 
forecasts. 

We  challenged  management’s  sensitivity 
assessments 
and  performed  our  own 
sensitivity calculations in respect of oil prices, 
decline rates and discount rate. 

We  considered  the  appropriateness  of  the 
related disclosures given in notes 1 and 12 in 
line  with  the  requirements  of  the  applicable 
accounting standards. 

Key observations: 
judgements  made  by 
the 
We  consider 
management in respect of the carrying value 
of the producing assets to be reasonable. The 
disclosures in the notes, including the critical 
line  with  accounting 
judgments  are 
standards. 

in 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

of 

Carrying 
value 
exploration 
and 
evaluation 
assets 

The 
non-producing 
exploration  assets  of  the 
Group  are  classified  as 
intangible  assets  within 
non-current  assets  in  the 
financial 
of 
statement 
position.  As  detailed  in 
notes  1  and  11,  there  are 
inherent 
uncertainties 
around  the  recoverability 
of 
and 
exploration 
evaluation assets. One UK 
licence  was 
impaired 
during  the  year  and  this 
management 
involved 
considering 
judgement 
factors 
the 
such 
anticipated conversion to a 
production licence and 
the future plans. 

as 

In  addition,  management 
assessed  that  the  Wressle 
the 
project  was  within 
6 
IFRS 
scope 
of 
Exploration 
and 
for 
of  Mineral 
Evaluation 
Resources as the project was 
still  under  evaluation  at 
year  end.  This  assessment 
required  judgement  based 
on 
of 
exploration in the year and 
the  project 
in 
commissioning and testing 
phase. 

is  still 

results 

the 

The  impairment  reviews 
and 
judgment 
require 
in  determining 
estimate 
of 
whether 
indicators 
in 
impairment  exist 
the 
accordance  with 
requirements of IFRS 6. 

in 

Management is required to 
appropriate 
prepare 
disclosure  in  accordance 
with applicable accounting 
standards. 

As a result of these factors 
this 
represented  a  key 
focus  area  for  our  audit 
and a key audit matter. 

The  impairment  review  did  not  note  any 
potential  for  material  reversal  of  previously 
recognised impairment. 

We  reviewed  and  challenged  management’s 
impairment assessment which was carried out 
in  accordance  with  IFRS  6  in  order  to 
determine whether management’s assessment 
that  there  were  no  indicators  of  additional 
impairment was appropriate. 

We  confirmed  there  is  an  ongoing  plan  to 
continue to explore and evaluate the licence 
areas  and  verified  that  the  licences  remain 
valid for assets that have not been impaired. 

Our  specific  audit  testing  in  this  regard 
included: 
•  The  verification  of  licence  status,  in 

order to confirm legal title. 

•  Reviewing exploration activity to assess 
whether  there  was  any  evidence  from 
exploration results to date which would 
indicate a potential impairment. 

•  Obtaining  approved  budgets,  assessing 
the  consistency  of  budget  with  going 
concern cash flow forecast   and minutes 
of  Board  meetings  to  confirm  whether 
or not the Group intended to continue 
licences  either 
to  explore  specific 
through a potential transaction such as a 
farm  out,  or 
through  exploration 
undertaken by the Group. 

We  challenged  management’s  assessment, 
through  inquiry  of  operational  management 
and review of board minutes, of whether or 
is  still  under 
not 
evaluation and within the scope of IFRS 6 as 
at year end. 

the  Wressle  project 

included 

We  assessed  the  appropriateness  of  the 
disclosures 
financial 
statements  given  in  notes  1  and  11,  in  line 
with  the  requirements  of  the  applicable 
accounting standards. 

the 

in 

inappropriate 

Key observations: 
Our work has identified no material instances 
impairment  conclusions. 
of 
The  disclosures  in  the  notes,  including  the 
critical judgments are in line with accounting 
standards. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Our application of materiality 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of 
misstatements.  We consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could 
influence the economic decisions of reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we 
use a lower materiality level, performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, 
misstatements below these levels will not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the 
nature of identified misstatements, and the particular circumstances of their occurrence, when evaluating their 
effect on the financial statements as a whole.  

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole and 
performance materiality as follows: 

Group financial statements 

2021 
£ 
120,000 

2020 
£ 
100,000 

1.5% of total assets (rounded). 

Parent company financial 
statements 

2021 
£ 
40,000 
1.5% of total assets (rounded). 

2020 
£ 
40,000 

We consider total assets to be the financial metric of the most interest to 
shareholders and other users of the financial statements, given the Group’s 
and  Parent  Company’s  principal  activity  in  oil  and  gas  exploration.  We 
therefore consider this to be an appropriate basis for materiality. 

90,000 

75,000 

30,000 

30,000 

for 

of  Group  Materiality 
75% 
considering the nature of activities 
and  the  low  level  of  expected 
misstatements. 

75%  of  Parent  company  Materiality 
considering  the  nature  of  activities 
and 
level  of  expected 
low 
the 
misstatements. 

for 

Materiality 
Basis 
determining 
materiality 
Rationale  for  the 
benchmark 
applied 

Performance 
materiality 
Basis 
determining 
performance 
materiality 

Component materiality 

We set materiality for each component of the Group based on a percentage of between 14% and 95% Group 
materiality dependent on the size or results of an individual component and our assessment of the risk of material 
misstatement of that component.  Component materiality ranged from £17,000 to £114,000 (2020: ranging from 
£11,000 to £90,000). In the audit of each component, we further applied performance materiality levels of 75% 
of the component materiality to our testing to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding component materiality 
was appropriately mitigated. 

Reporting threshold   

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess of 
£2,400 (2020: £2,000).  We also agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted 
reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Other information 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  The  other  information  comprises  the  information 
included in the Annual report and financial statements other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the 
extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 
35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is 
materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial 
statements  themselves.  If,  based  on  the  work  we  have  performed,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting 

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are 
required by the Companies Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described 
below.   

Strategic 
report 
Directors’ 
report  

and 

Matters 
on 
which  we  are 
to 
required 
report 
by 
exception 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 
• 

the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the 
financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent 
with the financial statements; and 
the  Strategic  report  and  the  Directors’  report  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

• 

In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  Group  and  Parent 
Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not 
identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the Directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to 
which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, 
or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches 
not visited by us; or 
the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the 
accounting records and returns; or 
certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not 
made; or 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for 

our audit. 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the  Statement of Directors’ responsibilities, the Directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such 
internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and 
using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the 
Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures 
in  line  with  our  responsibilities,  outlined  above,  to  detect  material  misstatements  in  respect  of  irregularities, 
including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is 
detailed below: 

Holding discussions with management and the audit committee to understand the laws and regulations relevant 
to the Group and the Parent company. These included the significant laws and regulations relating to the oil and 
gas industry in the UK, Ireland and Morocco, the financial reporting framework, QCA Code, tax legislation and 
environmental regulations. Our procedures included the following: 

•  We understood how the Group is complying with these laws and regulations by holding discussions 
with management, the audit committee, and those responsible for legal and compliance procedures to 
determine  any  known  or  suspected  instances of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations or fraud 
identified  by  them.  We  corroborated  our  enquiries  through  our  review  of  board  minutes  and  other 
supporting documentation; 

•  Reviewing the licences to assess the extent to which the Group was in compliance with the conditions 
of the licence and considering management’s assessment of the impact of instances of non-compliance 
where applicable; 

We  assessed  the  susceptibility  of  the  financial  statements  to  material  misstatement,  including  fraud  and 
considered  the  fraud  risk  areas  to  be  manipulation  of  the  financial  result  through  journal  entries  and  the 
assumptions and estimates used in the impairment assessment for producing assets. Our procedures included 
the following: 

•  Testing the appropriateness of journal entries made through the year by applying specific criteria to 

detect possible irregularities and fraud; 

•  Performing a detailed review of the Group’s year-end adjusting entries and investigating any that appear 

unusual as to nature or amount and agreeing to supporting documentation; 

•  For  significant  and  unusual  transactions,  particularly  those  occurring  at  or  near  year-end,  obtaining 

evidence for the rationale of these transactions; 

•  Assessing  the  judgements  made  by  management  when  making  key  accounting  estimates  and 
judgements, and challenging management on the appropriateness of these judgements (refer to key audit 
matters above); and 

•  Communicating relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team 
members and remaining alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations 
throughout the audit. 

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, 
recognising that the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not 
detecting  one  resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may  involve  deliberate  concealment  by,  for  example,  forgery, 
misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures performed and 
the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected in 
the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  is  available  on  the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at: 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 
16  of  the  Companies  Act  2006.    Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we might state to  the  Parent 
Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other 
purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed. 

Jack Draycott (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor 
London, 
United Kingdom  

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127). 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Consolidated statement of  comprehensive income 

For the year ended 31 July  

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Impairment of producing fields 
Total cost of sales 

Gross profit/(loss) 

Exploration write-off 
Administrative expenses 
Finance income 
Finance expense 

Loss before taxation 

Taxation credit  

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 
Items which will not be reclassified to profit /(loss) 
Loss on investment revaluation 

Total other comprehensive loss 

Total comprehensive loss for the year attributable to the equity shareholders of 
the parent 

Note 

2 
2 
12 

11 

6 
7 

3 

8 

9 

2021 
£000 

1,372 
(1,249) 
- 
(1,249) 
---------------------------------- 
123 

(12) 
(717) 
3 
(242) 
------------------------------------ 
(845) 

127 
------------------------------------ 
(718) 
==================== 

(2) 
------------------------------------ 
(2) 
==================== 

(720) 

=================== 

2020 
£000 

1,244 
(1,438) 
(160) 
(1,598) 
---------------------------------- 
(354) 

(4,004) 
(823) 
7 
(266) 
------------------------------------ 
(5,440) 

- 
------------------------------------ 
(5,440) 
====================== 

(197) 
------------------------------------ 
(197) 
====================== 

(5,637) 
===================== 

Earnings per share (EPS) attributable to the equity shareholders of the parent 

Note 

Pence 
per share 

Pence per 
share 

Basic and diluted EPS  

10 

(0.15)p 

(1.22)p 

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Consolidated statement of  financial position  
As at 31 July 

Note 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 

Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Investments 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Restricted cash 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Loans 
Trade and other payables 

Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Loans 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term provisions 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders  
of the parent  
Share capital 
Share premium  
Merger reserve 
Retained deficit 

Total equity 

11 
12 

13 
14 
15 
16 

18 
17 

18 
17 
21 

22 
22 
22 

2021 
£000 

6,438 
369 
---------------------------------- 
6,807 
---------------------------------- 

42 
23 
522 
230 
641 
---------------------------------- 
1,458 
---------------------------------- 
8,265 
==================== 

(10) 
(1,556) 
------------------------------------ 
(1,566) 
------------------------------------ 

(40) 
(17) 
(3,393) 
---------------------------------- 
(3,450) 
---------------------------------- 
(5,016) 
----------------------------------- 
3,249 
==================== 

5,665 
21,157 
2,868 
(26,441) 
---------------------------------- 
3,249 
====================== 

2020 
£000 

4,965 
476 
---------------------------------- 
5,441 
---------------------------------- 

44 
12 
234 
245 
768 
---------------------------------- 
1,303 
---------------------------------- 
6,744 
==================== 

(2) 
(1,013) 
------------------------------------ 
(1,015) 
------------------------------------ 

(48) 
(31) 
(3,163) 
---------------------------------- 
(3,242) 
---------------------------------- 
(4,257) 
----------------------------------- 
2,487 
=================== 

4,447 
21,010 
2,868 
(25,838) 
---------------------------------- 
2,487 
==================== 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 20th October 
2021 and signed on its behalf by:    

Simon Oddie, CEO 
Company registration number 05217946 
The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Consolidated statement of  changes in equity  
Attributable to the equity holders of the parent 

Balance at 1 August 2019 
Comprehensive loss for the 
year 
Loss for the year attributable to 
the equity shareholders of the 
parent 
Other comprehensive loss 
attributable to the equity 
shareholders of the parent 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Contributions by and 
distributions to owners 
Share-based payments (note 23) 

Total contributions by and 
distributions to owners 

Balance at 31 July 2020 

Balance at 1 August 2020 
Comprehensive loss for the 
year 
Loss for the year attributable to 
the equity shareholders of the 
parent 
Other comprehensive loss 
attributable to the equity 
shareholders of the parent 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Contributions by and 
distributions to owners 
Issue of share capital 
Issue of share warrants(note 23) 
Share-based payments (note 23) 

Total contributions by and 
distributions to owners 

Balance at 31 July 2021 

Share  
capital 
£000 

4,447 

Share 
premium 
£000 

Merger 
 reserve 
£000 

Retained 
deficit 
£000 

21,010 

2,868 

(20,204) 

Total  
equity 
£000 

8,121 

- 

- 

- 

(5,440) 

(5,440) 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

- 
---------------------------------- 

- 
---------------------------------- 
4,447 
==================== 

Share  
capital 
£000 

4,447 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

- 
---------------------------------- 

- 
---------------------------------- 
21,010 
==================== 

- 
--------------------------------- 
- 
--------------------------------- 

- 

---------------------------------- 

- 
--------------------------------- 
2,868 
==================== 

(197) 

------------------------------ 
(5,637) 
------------------------------ 

3 
--------------------------------- 

3 
------------------------------ 
(25,838) 
====================== 

Share 
premium 
£000 

Merger 
 reserve 
£000 

Retained 
deficit 
£000 

21,010 

2,868 

(25,838) 

(197) 

------------------------------- 
(5,637) 
------------------------------- 

3 
------------------------------ 

3 
------------------------------- 
2,487 
================== 

Total  
equity 
£000 

2,487 

- 

- 

- 

(718) 

(718) 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

1,218 
- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

1,218 
---------------------------------- 
5,665 
=================== 

- 
--------------------------------- 
- 
--------------------------------- 

- 
- 

- 

---------------------------------- 

- 
--------------------------------- 
2,868 
=================== 

(2) 

------------------------------ 
(720) 
------------------------------ 

- 
78 
39 
--------------------------------- 

117 
------------------------------ 
(26,441) 
===================== 

(2) 

------------------------------- 
(720) 
------------------------------- 

1,443 
- 
39 
------------------------------ 

1,482 
------------------------------- 
3,249 
================== 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

225 
(78) 
- 
---------------------------------- 

147 
---------------------------------- 
21,157 
=================== 

41 

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Company statement of  financial position 
As at 31 July 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investments 
Amounts due from Group companies 

Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Loans 
Trade and other payables 

Total current liabilities 

Loans 
Trade and other payables 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Merger reserve 
Retained deficit 

Total equity 

Note 

12 
13 
24 

15 

18 
17 

18 
17 

22 
22 
22 

2021 
£000 

2020 
£000 

23 
2,343 
588 
------------------------------------ 
2,954 
------------------------------------ 

69 
272 
-------------------------------------- 
341 
--------------------------------------- 
3,295 
====================== 

(10) 
(652) 
------------------------------------ 
(662) 
------------------------------------ 

(40) 
(11) 
------------------------------------ 
(51) 
---------------------------------- 
(713) 
------------------------------------ 
2,582 
==================== 

55 
2,341 
430 
------------------------------------ 
2,826 
------------------------------------ 

53 
288 
-------------------------------------- 
341 
--------------------------------------- 
3,167 
===================== 

(2) 
(515) 
------------------------------------ 
(517) 
------------------------------------ 

(48) 
(17) 
------------------------------------ 
(65) 
---------------------------------- 
(582) 
------------------------------------ 
2,585 
==================== 

5,665 
21,157 
2,868 
(27,108) 
-------------------------------------- 
2,582 
====================== 

4,447 
21,010 
2,868 
(25,740) 
-------------------------------------- 
2,585 
======================== 

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption provided under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 
not to publish its individual statement of comprehensive income and related notes. The loss dealt with in the 
financial statements of the parent Company is £1,485,000 (2020: loss of £3,072,000).  

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 20th October 
2021 

and signed on its behalf by:  

S Oddie 
CEO 
Company registration number 05217946 

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Company statement of  changes in equity  

Balance at 1 August 2019 
originally stated 
Comprehensive loss for the 
year 
Loss for the year attributable to 
the equity shareholders of the 
parent 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Contributions by and 
distributions to owners 
Share-based payments (note 23) 

Total contributions by and 
distributions to owners 

Balance at 31 July 2020 

Balance at 1 August 2020 
originally stated 
Comprehensive loss for the 
year 
Loss for the year attributable to 
the equity shareholders of the 
parent 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Contributions by and 
distributions to owners 
Issue of share capital 
Issue of share warrants(note 23) 
Share-based payments (note 23) 

Total contributions by and 
distributions to owners 

Balance at 31 July 2021 

Share  
capital 
£000 
4,447 

Share 
premium 
£000 
21,010 

Merger 
 reserve 
£000 
2,868 

Retained 
deficit 
£000 
(22,671) 

Total  
equity 
£000 
5,654 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 

- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

(3,072) 

------------------------------ 
(3,072) 

(3,072) 

------------------------------- 
(3,072) 

- 
---------------------------------- 

- 

---------------------------------- 
4,447 
=================== 

Share  
capital 
£000 
4,447 

- 
---------------------------------- 

- 

---------------------------------- 
21,010 
================== 

- 
---------------------------------- 

- 

--------------------------------- 
2,868 
================== 

3 
--------------------------------- 

3 

------------------------------ 
(25,740) 
===================== 

Share 
premium 
£000 
21,010 

Merger 
 reserve 
£000 
2,868 

Retained 
deficit 
£000 
(25,740) 

3 
------------------------------ 

3 

------------------------------- 
2,585 
================= 

Total  
equity 
£000 
2,585 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 

- 
---------------------------------- 
- 

- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

(1,485) 

------------------------------ 
(1,485) 

(1,485) 

------------------------------- 
(1,485) 

1,218 
- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

1,218 

---------------------------------- 
5,665 
==================== 

225 
(78) 
- 
---------------------------------- 

147 

---------------------------------- 
21,157 
=================== 

- 
- 
- 
---------------------------------- 

- 
78 
39 
--------------------------------- 

- 

117 

--------------------------------- 
2,868 
================== 

------------------------------ 
(27,108) 
======================= 

1,443 
- 
39 
------------------------------ 

1,482 

------------------------------- 
2,582 
================= 

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Consolidated statement of  cash flows  
For the year ended 31 July 

Note 

23 
12 
12 
11 
6 
7 
8 

22 

Cash flows used in operating activities 
Loss after tax from continuing operations 
Adjustments for: 

Share-based payments 
Depreciation  
Impairment of producing field 
Exploration write off 
Finance income 
Finance expense 
Taxation credit recognised in profit and loss 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
(Increase)/decrease in inventories 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables 

Net cash used in operations 

Income taxes repayment received 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows used in investing activities 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Cash guarantee re Morocco 
Sale of part interest in licence – associated costs 
Interest received 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from/ (used in) financing activities 
Gross proceeds from issue of share capital  
Costs incurred on issue of share capital  
Proceeds from borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings 
Lease liability payments 
Lease liability interest payments 
Finance costs 

Net cash from/ (used in) financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Exchange loss on cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements. 

44 

2021 
£000 

2020 
£000 

(718) 

(5,440) 

39 
107 
- 
12 
(3) 
242 
(127) 
(288) 
(11) 
85 
------------------------------------ 
(662) 

127 

------------------------------------ 
(535) 
======================= 

- 
(985) 
(4) 
- 
3 
----------------------------------- 
(986) 
==================== 

1,583 
(140) 
225 
(225) 
(35) 
(2) 
(7) 
----------------------------------- 
1,399 
===================== 

(122) 
(5) 
768 
----------------------------------- 
641 
===================== 

3 
186 
160 
4,004 
(7) 
266 
- 
72 
7 
(95) 
------------------------------------ 
(844) 

- 

------------------------------------ 
(844) 
================== 

(100) 
(1,148) 
(1) 
(12) 
7 
----------------------------------- 
(1,254) 
====================== 

- 
- 
50 
- 
(73) 
(3) 
(1) 
----------------------------------- 
(27) 
===================== 

(2,125) 
(12) 
2,905 
----------------------------------- 
768 
===================== 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Company statement of  cash flows  
For the year ended 31 July 

Cash flows used in operating activities 
Loss after tax from continuing operations 
Adjustments for: 

Share-based payments 
Depreciation 
Exploration write off 
Movement in intercompany loan provision 
Finance income 
Finance expense 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase in trade and other payables 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows used in investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Movement on loans to Group companies 
Interest received 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from/(used in) financing activities 
Gross proceeds from issue of share capital  
Costs incurred on issue of share capital  
Proceeds from borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings 
Lease liability principal payment 
Lease liability interest payment 
Finance costs 

Net cash from/ (used in) financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Exchange gain on cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

Note 

23 
12 
11 
24 

22 

2021 
£000 

2020 
£000 

(1,485) 

(3,072) 

39 
32 
- 
1,921 
(654) 
5 
(16) 
36 
----------------------------------- 
(122) 
======================= 

- 
- 
(1,306) 
- 
----------------------------------- 
(1,306) 
======================= 

1,583 
(140) 
225 
(225) 
(26) 
(75) 
(1) 
(4) 
----------------------------------- 
1,412 
======================= 

(16) 
- 
288 
----------------------------------- 
272 
===================== 

3 
66 
371 
3,075 
(680) 
3 
17 
11 
----------------------------------- 
(206) 
===================== 

(3) 
(69) 
(1,981) 
2 
----------------------------------- 
(2,051) 
====================== 

- 
- 
50 
- 
(63) 
- 
(3) 
- 
----------------------------------- 
(16) 
==================== 

(2,273) 
8 
2,553 
----------------------------------- 
288 
==================== 

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

1 

Notes to the financial statements  
Accounting Policies 
General information 
Europa  Oil  &  Gas  (Holdings)  plc  is  a  Company  incorporated  and  domiciled  in  England  and  Wales  with 
registered number 05217946. The address of the registered office is 55 Baker Street, London, W1U 7EU.  

The functional and presentational currency of the Company is Sterling (UK£). 

Basis of accounting 
The  consolidated  and  individual  Company  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
applicable International Accounting Standards in conformity with the requirements of Companies Act 2006.  

Exploration and evaluation assets are measured at historical cost and tested at least twice annually for indications 
of impairment. Internally generated intangibles are measured at historic cost. 

The accounting policies that have been applied in the opening statement of financial position have also been 
applied throughout all periods presented in these financial statements. These accounting policies comply with 
each IFRS that is mandatory for accounting periods ending on 31 July 2021. 

Going concern 
The Directors have prepared a cash flow forecast for the period ending 31 December 2022, which considers the 
continuing and forecast cash inflow from the Group’s producing assets, the cash held by the Group at September 
2021, less administrative expenses and planned capital expenditure.  The impact of Covid on the Group and 
Company has been limited to date but its future impact has also been considered in making this assessment.   

The Directors performed sensitivities on the cashflow allowing for a 30% fall in the expected oil price from a 
base case price of $78 per barrel and, separately, a 58% fall in the expected Wressle production from a base case 
of  560  barrels  per  day.  Oil  price  estimates  are  based  upon  industry  analyst  expectations,  whilst  production 
estimates are sourced from the Group’s internal modelling for Wressle and recent actual production.  

These sensitivities have been modelled as a reverse stress test, and the Directors consider the likelihood of such 
movements  to  be  very  low.  The  Directors  have  also  run  sensitivities  allowing  for  reasonably  possible 
simultaneous  falls  in  oil  price  and  in  Wressle  production,  and  the  Group  and  Company  had  sufficient  cash 
resources to meet their obligations. 
The Directors have concluded, as at the date of approval of these financial statements, that there is a reasonable 
expectation that the Group and Company will still have sufficient cash resources to be able to continue as a 
going concern and meet its obligations as and when they fall due over the going concern period. 

Basis of consolidation 
Where  the  Company  has  control over  an  investee,  it  is  classified  as  a subsidiary. The  Company  controls  an 
investee if all three of the following elements are present: power over the investee, exposure to variable returns 
from the investee, and the ability of the investor to use its power to affect those variable returns. Control is 
reassessed whenever facts and circumstances indicate that there may be a change in any of these elements of 
control. Intra Group balances are eliminated on consolidation. Unrealised gains on transactions between the 
Group and its subsidiaries are eliminated. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides 
evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Amounts reported in the financial statements of subsidiaries 
have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by the Group. 

The Group is engaged in oil and gas exploration, development and production through unincorporated joint 
operations. 

Joint arrangements 
Joint arrangements are those arrangements in which the Group holds an interest on a long-term basis which are 
jointly  controlled  by  the  Group  and  one  or  more  venturers  under  a  contractual  arrangement.  When  these 
arrangements  do  not  constitute  entities  in  their  own  right,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  reflect  the 
relevant proportion of costs, revenues, assets and liabilities applicable to the Group’s interests in accordance 
with IFRS 11. The Group’s exploration, development and production activities are presently conducted jointly 
with other companies in this way. 

For the licences where the Group does not hold 100% equity (refer to the licence interests table on page 7) a 
joint arrangement exists. The equity and voting interest of the Group is disclosed in the table, activities are typical 
for activities in the oil and gas sector and are strategic to the Group’s activities. The principal place of business 
for all the joint arrangements is the UK. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Revenue recognition 
The Group follows IFRS 15. The standard provides a single comprehensive model for revenue recognition. The 
core principle of the standard is that an entity shall recognise revenue when control passes on the transfer of 
promised goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects 
to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard introduced a new contract-based revenue 
recognition model with a measurement approach that is based on an allocation of the transaction price. This is 
described further in the accounting policies below. Contracts with customers are presented in an entity's balance 
sheet as a contract liability, a contract asset, or a receivable, depending on the relationship between the entity’s 
performance  and  the  customer’s  payment. The  Group's  accounting  policy  under  IFRS  15  is  that  revenue  is 
recognised when the Group satisfies a performance obligation by transferring oil to a customer. The title to oil 
and gas typically transfers to a customer at the same time as the customer takes physical possession of the oil or 
gas. Typically, at this point in time, the performance obligations of the Group are fully satisfied.  

Revenue is measured based on the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled under the terms of 
a contract with a customer. The consideration is determined by the quantity and price of oil and gas delivered 
to the customer at the end of each month. 

Non-current assets 
Oil and gas interests 
The financial statements with regard to oil and gas exploration and appraisal expenditure have been prepared 
under the full cost basis. This accords with IFRS 6 which  permits the continued application of a previously 
adopted accounting policy. The unit of account for exploration and evaluation assets is the individual licence. 

Pre-production assets 
Pre-production  assets  are  categorised  as  intangible  assets  on  the  statement  of  financial  position.  Pre-licence 
expenditure  is  expensed  as  directed  by  IFRS  6.  Expenditure  on  licence  acquisition  costs,  geological  and 
geophysical costs, costs of drilling exploration, appraisal and development wells, and an appropriate share of 
overheads (including Directors’ costs) are capitalised and accumulated on a licence-by-licence basis. These costs 
which relate to the exploration, appraisal and development of oil and gas interests are initially held as intangible 
non-current assets pending determination of technical feasibility and commercial viability. On commencement 
of  production  these  costs  are  tested  for  impairment  prior  to  transfer  to  production  assets.  If  licences  are 
relinquished, or assets are not deemed technically feasible or commercially viable, accumulated costs are written 
off to cost of sales.  

Production assets 
Production assets are categorised within property, plant and equipment on the statement of financial position. 
With the determination of commercial viability and approval of an oil and gas project the related pre-production 
assets are transferred from intangible non-current assets to tangible non-current assets and depreciated upon 
commencement of production within the appropriate cash generating unit.  

Impairment tests 
For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately 
identifiable cash flows (cash generating units) as disclosed in notes 11 and 12. As a result, some assets are tested 
individually for impairment and some are tested at cash generating unit level. 

Impairment tests are performed when indicators as described in IAS 36 are identified. In addition, indicators 
such as a lack of funding or farmout options for a licence which is approaching termination or the implied value 
of a farmout transaction are considered as indicators of impairment. 

An  impairment  loss  is recognised  and  charged  to  cost of  sales  for the  amount by  which  the  asset's  or  cash 
generating unit's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of fair 
value, reflecting market conditions less costs to sell, and value in use based on an internal discounted cash flow 
evaluation. All assets are subsequently reassessed for indications that an impairment loss previously recognised 
may no longer exist. 

Property, plant and equipment 
Items of property, plant and equipment are initially recognised at cost. As well as the purchase price, cost includes 
directly attributable costs and the estimated present value of any future unavoidable costs of dismantling and 
removing items. The corresponding liability is recognised within provisions. 

Depreciation 
All expenditure within tangible non-current assets is depreciated from the commencement of production, on a 
unit of production basis, which is the ratio of oil and gas production in the period to the estimated quantities of 
proven plus probable commercial reserves at the end of the period, plus the production in the period. Costs 

47 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

used in the unit of production calculation comprise the net book value of capitalised costs plus the estimated 
future field development costs within each licence. Changes in the estimates of commercial reserves or future 
field development costs are dealt with prospectively.  

Furniture and computers are depreciated on a 25% per annum straight line basis. 

Reserves 
Proven and probable oil and gas reserves are estimated quantities of commercially producible hydrocarbons 
which the existing geological, geophysical and engineering data shows to be recoverable in future years. The 
proven reserves  included herein conform to the definition approved by the Society of Petroleum Engineers 
(SPE) and the World Petroleum Congress (WPC). The probable and possible reserves conform to definitions 
of probable and possible approved by the SPE/WPC using the deterministic methodology. Reserves used in 
accounting  estimates  for  depreciation  are  updated  periodically  to  reflect  management’s  view  of  reserves  in 
conjunction  with  third  party  formal  reports.  Reserves  are  reviewed  at  the  time  of  formal  updates  or  as  a 
consequence of operational performance, plans and the business environment at that time. 

Reserves  are  adjusted  in  the  year  that  formal  updates  are  undertaken  or  as  a  consequence  of  operational 
performance  and  plans,  and  the  business  environment  at  that  time,  with  any  resulting  changes  not  applied 
retrospectively.    

Future decommissioning costs 
A  provision  for  decommissioning  is  recognised  in  full  at  the  point  that  the  Group  has  an  obligation  to 
decommission an appraisal, development or producing well. A corresponding non-current asset (included within 
producing fields in note 12) of an amount equivalent to the provision is also created. The amount recognised is 
the  estimated  cost  of  decommissioning,  discounted  to  its  net  present  value  and  is  reassessed  each  year  in 
accordance with local conditions and requirements. For producing wells, the asset is subsequently depreciated 
as part of the capital costs of production facilities within tangible non-current assets, on a unit of production 
basis. Any decommissioning obligation in respect of a pre-production asset is carried forward as part of its cost 
and tested annually for impairment in accordance with the above policy. 

Changes in the estimates of commercial reserves or decommissioning cost estimates are dealt with prospectively 
by recording an adjustment to the provision, and a corresponding adjustment to the decommissioning asset. 
The unwinding of the discount on the decommissioning provision is included within finance expense. 

Acquisitions of exploration licences  
Acquisitions of  exploration licences  through  acquisition  of  non-operational  corporate  structures that do not 
represent a business, and therefore do not meet the definition of a business combination, are accounted for as 
the acquisition of an asset. Related future consideration that is contingent is not recognised as an asset or liability 
until the contingent event has occurred. 

Taxation 
Current tax is the tax payable based on taxable profit / (loss) for the year. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the balance sheet liability method on temporary differences. Deferred 
tax is generally provided on the difference between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax 
bases. However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the initial recognition 
of an asset or liability unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or accounting profit. 
Deferred tax on temporary differences associated with shares in subsidiaries and joint ventures is not provided 
if reversal of these temporary differences can be controlled by the Group and it is probable that reversal will not 
occur in the foreseeable future. Tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to 
the Group are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets. 

Deferred tax liabilities are provided in full, with no discounting. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent 
that it is probable that the underlying deductible temporary difference will be able to be offset against future 
taxable income. Current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated at tax rates that are expected to apply 
to their respective period of realisation, provided they are enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. 

Changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in the statement of 
comprehensive income, except where they relate to items that are charged or credited directly to equity in which 
case the related deferred tax is also charged or credited directly to equity. 

Foreign currency 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

The Group and Company prepare their financial statements in Sterling.  

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the date of the 
transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at 
the reporting date. Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost in a foreign currency are translated 
at the exchange rate at the date of transaction. Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign 
currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date the fair value was determined. 

Any exchange differences arising on the settlement of items or on translating items at rates different from those 
at which they were initially recorded are recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income in the period in 
which they arise. Exchange differences on non-monetary items are recognised in the Statement of changes in 
equity to the extent that they relate to a gain or loss on that non-monetary item taken to the Statement of changes 
in equity, otherwise such gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income. 

Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc is domiciled in the UK, which is its primary economic environment and the 
Company’s functional currency is Sterling. The Group’s current operations are based in the UK and Ireland and 
the functional currencies of the Group's entities are the prevailing local currencies in each jurisdiction. Given 
that the functional currency of the Company is Sterling, management has elected to continue to present the 
consolidated financial statements of the Group and Company in Sterling. 

Investments 
Investments,  which  are  only  investments  in  subsidiaries,  are  carried  at  cost  less  any  impairment.  Additions 
include the net value of share options issued to employees of subsidiary companies less any lapsed, unvested 
options. 

Financial instruments  
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the statement of financial position when the  Group 
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.  

Financial assets 

Financial  assets  are  classified  as  either  financial  assets  at  amortised  cost,  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income (‘FVTOCI’) or at fair value through profit or loss (‘FVPL’) depending upon the business 
model for managing the financial assets and the nature of the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial 
asset. 

A loss allowance for expected credit losses is determined for all financial assets, other than those at FVPL, at 
the end of each reporting period. The Group applies a simplified approach to measure the credit loss allowance 
for  trade  receivables  using  the  lifetime  expected  credit  loss  provision.  The  lifetime  expected  credit  loss  is 
evaluated for each trade receivable taking into account payment history, payments made subsequent to year end 
and prior to reporting, past default experience and the impact of any other relevant and current observable data. 
The group applies a general approach on all other receivables classified as financial assets. The general approach 
recognises lifetime expected credit losses when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial 
recognition. 

The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or 
when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another 
party. The Group derecognises financial liabilities when the Group’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or 
have expired. 

Fair value through other comprehensive income 
The Group has a number of strategic investments in listed and unlisted entities which are not accounted for as 
subsidiaries, associates or jointly controlled entities. For those investments, the Group has made an irrevocable 
election to classify the investments at fair value through other comprehensive income rather than through profit 
or loss as the Group considers this measurement to be the most representative of the business model for these 
assets. They are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in other comprehensive income and 
accumulated in the fair value through other comprehensive income reserve. Upon disposal any balance within 
fair value through other comprehensive income reserve is reclassified directly to retained earnings and is not 
reclassified to profit or loss. 

Dividends are recognised in profit or loss, unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost 
of the investment, in which case the full or partial amount of the dividend is recorded against the associated 
investment’s carrying amount. 

49 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Purchases  and  sales  of  financial  assets  measured  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income  are 
recognised  on  settlement  date  with  any  change  in  fair  value  between  trade  date  and  settlement  date  being 
recognised in the fair value through other comprehensive income reserve. 

Amortised cost 
This category is the most relevant to the Company. Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets 
with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. The losses arising from impairment 
are recognised in  a separate line in  the income statement. This category generally applies to trade and other 
receivables. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost and include all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three 
months or less.  

Restricted cash are those amounts held by third parties on behalf of the Group and are not available for the 
Group’s use; these are accounted for separately from cash and cash equivalents. 

Financial Liabilities 

The classification of financial liabilities at initial recognition depends on the purpose for which the financial 
liability was issued and its characteristics. All purchases of financial liabilities are recorded on trade date, being 
the date on which the Group becomes party to the contractual requirements of the financial liability. Unless 
otherwise indicated the carrying amounts of the Group’s financial liabilities approximate to their fair values. The 
Group’s financial liabilities consist of financial liabilities measured at amortised cost and financial liabilities at 
fair value through profit or loss. 

Trade and other payables  

Trade and other payables are initially recorded at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised cost.  

Derecognition of financial liabilities 

A  financial  liability  (in  whole  or  in  part)  is  derecognised  when  the  Group  has  extinguished  its  contractual 
obligations,  it  expires  or  is  cancelled.  Any  gain  or  loss  on  derecognition  is  taken  to  the  statement  of 
comprehensive income. 

Treatment of finance costs 
All finance costs are expensed through the income statement. The Group does not incur any finance costs that 
qualify for capitalisation. 

Defined contribution pension schemes 
The  pension  costs  charged  against  profits  are  the  contributions  payable  to  the  scheme  in  respect  of  the 
accounting period. 

Inventories 
Inventories comprise oil in tanks stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value.  Cost is determined by 
reference to the actual cost of production in the period. 

Share-based payments 
All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based payment are measured at their fair 
values. Where employees are rewarded using share-based payments, the fair values of employees' services are 
determined indirectly by reference to the fair value of the instrument granted to the employee. This fair value is 
appraised at the grant date and excludes the impact of non-market vesting conditions (for example, profitability 
and sales growth targets). 

All  equity-settled  share-based  payments  are  ultimately  recognised  as  an  expense  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  with  a  corresponding  credit  to  reserves.  Where  options  over  the  parent  Company’s 
shares  are  granted  to  employees  of  subsidiaries  of  the  parent,  the  charge  is  recognised  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive income of the subsidiary. In the parent Company accounts there is an increase in the cost of the 
investment in the subsidiary receiving the benefit.  

If vesting periods or other non-market vesting conditions apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, 
based on the best available estimate of the number of share options expected to vest. Estimates are subsequently 
revised  if  there  is  any  indication  that  the  number  of  share  options  expected  to  vest  differs  from  previous 
estimates. Any cumulative adjustment prior to vesting is recognised in the current period. No adjustment is 
made to any expense recognised in prior periods if the number of share options ultimately exercised is different 
to that initially estimated. 

50 

 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received, net of attributable transaction costs, are credited to share 
capital, and where appropriate share premium. 

Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty 
Details of the Group’s significant accounting judgements and critical accounting estimates are set out in these 
financial statements and include: 

•  Carrying value of intangible assets (note 11) – carrying values are justified with reference to indicators 
of impairment as set out in IFRS 6. Based on judgements at 31 July 2021 there was £12k write off of 
costs on the PEDL 299 licence (2020: impairment of 5 oil-prone Irish licences and costs written off).  
•  Carrying value of property, plant and equipment (note 12) – carrying values are justified by reference to 

future estimates of cash flows, discounted at appropriate rates. 

•  Deferred taxation (note 20) – assumptions regarding the future profitability of the Group and whether 

the deferred tax assets will be recovered. 

•  Decommissioning provision (note 21) – inflation and discount rate estimates (3% and 10% respectively) 

are used in calculating the provision, along with third party estimates of remediation costs. 

2  

Operating segment analysis 
In the opinion of the Directors the Group has four reportable segments as reported to the  Chief Executive 
Officer, being the UK, Ireland, Morocco and new ventures.  

The reporting on these segments to management focuses on revenue, operating costs and capital expenditure. 
The impact of such criteria is discussed further in the Chairman’s statement and strategic report of this annual 
report.  

Income statement for the year ended 31 July 2021 

UK 

Ireland 

Morocco 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Impairment of producing fields 
Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Exploration write-off 

Administrative expenses 
Finance income 
Finance costs 

Loss before tax 

Taxation 

Loss for the year 

£000 

1,372 
(1,249) 
- 
(1,249) 
--------------------------------- 
123 

(12) 
(545) 
3 
(242) 
----------------------------------- 
(673) 

- 
----------------------------------- 
(673) 

Total 

£000 

1,372 
(1,249) 
- 
(1,249) 
--------------------------------- 
123 

(12) 
(717) 
3 
(242) 
----------------------------------- 
(845) 

127 
----------------------------------- 
(718) 

£000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

New 
ventures 
£000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

- 

         - 

        - 

(109) 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
(109) 

127 
--------------------------------- 
18 

(1) 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
(1) 

- 
--------------------------------- 
(1) 

(62) 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
(62) 

- 
--------------------------------- 
(62) 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Segmental assets and liabilities as at 31 July 2021 

Non-current assets 
Current assets 

Total assets 

Non-current liabilities 
Current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Other segment items 
Capital expenditure - cashflow 
Depreciation 
Share-based payments 

UK 

Ireland 

Morocco 

£000 
4,489 
1,228 
----------------------------------- 
5,717 
----------------------------------- 

(3,450) 
(1,203) 
----------------------------------- 
(4,653) 
----------------------------------- 

£000 

1,661 
- 
----------------------------------- 
1,661 
----------------------------------- 

- 
(363) 
----------------------------------- 
(363) 
----------------------------------- 

644 
107 
117 

105 
- 
- 

£000 

657 
230 
----------------------------------- 
887 
----------------------------------- 

- 
- 
----------------------------------- 
- 
----------------------------------- 

236 
- 
- 

New 
Ventures 
£’000 

- 
- 
-------------------------------- 
- 
-------------------------------- 

- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 
-------------------------------- 

- 
- 
- 

Total 

£000 
6,807 
1,458 
----------------------------------- 
8,265 
----------------------------------- 

(3,450) 
(1,566) 
----------------------------------- 
(5,016) 
----------------------------------- 

985 
107 
117 

Income statement for the year ended 31 July 2020 

UK 

Ireland 

Morocco 

New 
ventures 
£000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

         - 

        - 

(49) 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
(49) 

- 
--------------------------------- 
(49) 

(16) 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
(16) 

- 
--------------------------------- 
(16) 

Total 

£000 

1,244 
(1,438) 
(160) 
(1,598) 
--------------------------------- 
(354) 

(4,004) 
(823) 
7 
(266) 
----------------------------------- 
(5,440) 

- 
----------------------------------- 
(5,440) 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Impairment of producing fields 
Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Exploration write-off 

Administrative expenses 
Finance income 
Finance costs 

Loss before tax 

Taxation 

Loss for the year 

£000 

1,244 
(1,438) 
(160) 
(1,598) 
--------------------------------- 
(354) 

- 
(750) 
7 
(266) 
----------------------------------- 
(1,363) 

- 
----------------------------------- 
(1,363) 

£000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 

(4,004) 

(8) 
- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
(4,012) 

- 
--------------------------------- 
(4,012) 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Segmental assets and liabilities as at 31 July 2020 

Non-current assets 
Current assets 

Total assets 

Non-current liabilities 
Current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Other segment items 
Capital expenditure 
Depreciation 
Share-based payments 

UK 

Ireland 

Morocco 

£000 
3,660 
1,058 
----------------------------------- 
4,718 
----------------------------------- 

(3,242) 
(259) 
----------------------------------- 
(3,501) 
----------------------------------- 

£000 

1,482 
- 
----------------------------------- 
1,482 
----------------------------------- 

- 
(733) 
----------------------------------- 
(733) 
----------------------------------- 

139 
186 
3 

734 
- 
- 

£000 

299 
245 
----------------------------------- 
544 
----------------------------------- 

- 
(23) 
----------------------------------- 
(23) 
----------------------------------- 

275 
- 
- 

New 
Ventures 
£’000 

- 
- 
-------------------------------- 

-------------------------------- 

- 
- 
--------------------------------- 
- 
-------------------------------- 

- 
- 
- 

Total 

£000 
5,441 
1,303 
----------------------------------- 
6,744 
----------------------------------- 

(3,242) 
(1,015) 
----------------------------------- 
(4,257) 
----------------------------------- 

1,148 
186 
3 

100% of the total revenue (2020: 100%) relates to UK based customers.  Of this figure, one customer (2020: 
one) commands more than 99% of the total. UK revenue by site was as follows: West Firsby £321,000 (2020: 
£394,000); Crosby Warren £390,000 (2020: £355,000); Whisby £487,000 (2020: £495,000); and Wressle 
£174,000 (2020: £nil). 

3 

Loss before taxation 
Loss before taxation is stated after charging: 

Depreciation and amortisation on property, plant & 
equipment 
Staff costs including Directors 
Diesel 
Business rates 
Site safety and security 
Exploration write-off 
Impairment 
Fees payable to the auditor for the audit 
Operating leases – land and buildings 
Amount of inventory recognised as an expense 
Foreign exchange loss 

12 
5 

11 
12 

4 

Directors’ emoluments 
Directors’ salaries and fees – Company and Group 

CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig 
RJHM Corrie (to 12 March 2020) 
P Greenhalgh (to 14 October 2020) 
HGD Mackay (to 21 November 2019) 
BJ O’Cathain  
SG Oddie (CEO from 21 November 2019, previously Chairman) 
S Williams (appointed 12 March 2020) 

2021 
£000 

107 
652 
104 
52 
68 
12 
- 
55 
42 
- 
3 
========== 

2021 
£000 
18 
- 
32 
- 
28 
146 
21 
----------------------------------- 
245 
===================== 

2020 
£000 

186 
1,025 
95 
63 
72 
4,004 
160 
53 
42 
7 
16 
========= 

2020 
£000 
23 
22 
138 
183 
23 
130 
10 
----------------------------------- 
529 
=================== 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Directors’ pensions 
P Greenhalgh (to 14 October 2020) 
HGD Mackay  

2021 
£000 
3 
- 
----------------------------------- 
3 
===================== 

The above charge represents premiums paid to money purchase pension plans during the year.  

Directors’ share-based payments 

SG Oddie 
BJ O’Cathain 
S Williams  

2021 
£000 
20 
4 
4 
================== 

2020 
£000 
17 
5 
----------------------------------- 
22 
===================== 

2020 
£000 
- 
- 
3 
================ 

The above represents the accounting charge in respect of share options. No share options were exercised during 
the period (2020: none).  

Directors’ total emoluments 

Salaries and fees 
Social security costs 
Pensions 
Share-based payments 

5 

Employee information 
Average monthly number of employees including Directors - Group 

Management and technical 
Field exploration and production 

Staff costs - Group 

Wages and salaries (including Directors’ emoluments) 
Social security 
Pensions 
Share-based payments (note 23) 

Average monthly number of employees including Directors - 
Company 
Management and technical 

Staff costs - Company 

Wages and salaries (including Directors’ emoluments) 
Social security 
Pensions 
Share-based payment  

54 

2021 
£000 
245 
28 
3 
28 
---------------------------------- 
304 
================== 

2021 
Number 
7 
4 
---------------------------------- 
11 
=================== 

2021 
£000 
528 
62 
27 
35 
----------------------------------- 
652 
=================== 

2021 
Number 
7 
---------------------------------- 
7 
==================== 

2021 
£000 
345 
39 
12 
33 
----------------------------------- 
429 
==================== 

2020 
£000 
529 
64 
22 
3 
------------------------------------ 
618 
================== 

2020 
Number 
9 
4 
---------------------------------- 
13 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
864 
106 
52 
3 
----------------------------------- 
1,025 
==================== 

2020  
Number 
9 
---------------------------------- 
9 
================== 

2020 
£000 
680 
83 
37 
3 
----------------------------------- 
803 
================== 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

6 

Finance income 

Bank interest received 

7 

Finance expense 

Unwinding of discount on decommissioning provision (note 21) 
Other finance expense 

8 

Taxation 

Movement in deferred tax asset (note 20) 
Movement in deferred tax liability (note 20) 
R&D tax credits 

Tax credit 

2021 
£000 
3 
------------------------------ 
3 
================== 

2021 
£000 
230 
12 
------------------------------------ 
242 
=================== 

2021 
£000 
(176) 
176 
127 
------------------------------------ 
127 
==================== 

2020 
£000 
7 
------------------------------ 
7 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
246 
20 
------------------------------------ 
266 
==================== 

2020 
£000 
(16) 
16 
- 
------------------------------------ 
- 
================== 

UK corporation tax is calculated at 30% (2020: 30%) of the estimated assessable profit for the year being the 
applicable rate for a ring-fence trade excluding the Supplementary Charge of 10%. 

Loss before tax 

Tax reconciliation 
Loss multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK including 
Supplementary Charge of 40% (2020: 40%) 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Deferred tax asset not recognised 
R&D tax credit received re prior years 
Other reconciling items  

Total tax credit 

9 

Other comprehensive income  

Loss on investment revaluation 

2021 
£000 
(718) 
================== 

(287) 
94 
(99) 
127 
292 
--------------------------------- 
127 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
(5,440) 
===================== 

(2,176) 
1,672 
505 
- 
(1) 
--------------------------------- 
- 
================= 

2021 
£000 
(2) 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
(197) 
================ 

On 8 May 2019, the Group sold its interest in PEDL143 to UK Oil & Gas Plc (‘UKOG’) for 25,951,557 UKOG 
shares.  At the time of the sale the shares were worth 1.156p each, resulting in a total value of £300,000.  The 
investment was revalued at the year end to £42,000 (0.163p per share (2020: £44,000 (0.17p per share)). An 
irrevocable election has been made to record gains and losses arising on the shares as Other Comprehensive 
Income.  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

10 

Earnings per share  
Basic earnings per share (‘EPS’) has been calculated on the loss after taxation divided by the weighted average 
number of shares in issue during the period. Diluted EPS uses an average number of shares adjusted to allow 
for the issue of shares on the assumed conversion of all in-the-money options.  

As the Group made a loss from continuing operations in both the current and prior years, any potentially dilutive 
instruments are considered to be anti-dilutive. Therefore, the diluted EPS is equal to the basic EPS. As at 31 
July 2021 there were 26,029,154 (2020: 24,203,458) potentially dilutive instruments in issue.  

The calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the following: 

Loss for the year attributable to the equity shareholders of the parent 

Weighted average number of shares 
For the purposes of basic and diluted EPS 

11 

Intangible assets  

Intangible assets – Group 

At 1 August 
Additions 
Exploration write-off 

At 31 July 

2021 
£000 
(718) 
======================= 

2020 
£000 
(5,440) 
========================== 

494,420,476 

444,691,599 

2021 
£000 
4,965 
1,485 
(12) 
----------------------------------- 
6,438 
======================= 

2020 
£000 
7,818 
1,151 
(4,004) 
----------------------------------- 
4,965 
===================== 

Intangible assets comprise the Group’s pre-production expenditure on licence interests as follows: 

Ireland FEL 4/19 (Inishkea) 
UK PEDL180 (Wressle) 
UK PEDL181 
UK PEDL182 (Broughton North) 
UK PEDL299 (Hardstoft) 
UK PEDL343 (Cloughton) 
Morocco (Inezgane) 

Total 

Disposal 
UK PEDL143 (Holmwood) 

Exploration write-off 
UK PEDL299 (Hardstoft) 
Ireland FEL 2/13 (Doyle A, B, C, Kilroy, Keane & Kiely) 
Ireland FEL 3/13 (Beckett, Wilde, Shaw) 
Ireland FEL 1/17  
Ireland LO 16/19 
Ireland LO 16/22 

Total 

2021 
£000 
1,662 
3,893 
113 
34 
- 
79 
657 
-------------------------------- 
6,438 
======================= 

- 
================== 

12 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
----------------------------------- 
12 
================== 

2020 
£000 
1,482 
2,947 
118 
29 
12 
78 
299 
-------------------------------- 
4,965 
=================== 

10 
================= 

- 
1,445 
1,343 
845 
94 
277 
----------------------------------- 
4,004 
=================== 

If the Group elects not to continue in any other licence, then the impact on the financial statements will be the 
impairment of some or all of the intangible assets disclosed above. Details of commitments are included in note 
25. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Intangible assets - Company 

At 1 August 
Additions 
Transfer to Group companies  
Exploration write-off 

At 31 July 

Exploration write-off 

Ireland LO 16/19 
Ireland LO 16/22 

Total 

2021 
£000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
---------------------------------------- 
- 
=================== 

2021 
£000 
- 
- 
------------------------------------- 

- 
======================= 

2020 
£000 
302 
69 
- 
(371) 
---------------------------------------- 
- 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
94 
277 
------------------------------------- 

371 

================= 

LO 16/22 and LO 16/19 were relinquished in 2020 due to a lack of commercial prospects and the £371,000 
spent to date was written off. 

12 

Property, plant & equipment 

Property, plant & equipment - Group 

Cost 
At 31 July 2019 
Additions 
On transition 
Disposals 

At 31 July 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 July 2021 

Depreciation, depletion and impairment 
At 31 July 2019 

Charge for year 
Disposal 
Impairment in year 

At 31 July 2020 

Charge for year 
Disposal 
Impairment in year 

At 31 July 2021 

Net Book Value 
At 31 July 2019 

At 31 July 2020 

At 31 July 2021 

Furniture & 
computers 
£000 

Producing 
fields 
£000 

Right of use 
assets 
£000 

53 
3 
- 
(50) 
------------------------------- 
6 
- 
(1) 
------------------------------- 
5 
==================== 

52 

1 
(50) 
- 
------------------------------- 
3 

1 
(1) 
- 
------------------------------- 
3 
=================== 

10,790 
97 
- 
- 
------------------------------- 
10,887 
- 
- 
------------------------------- 
10,887 
==================== 

10,216 

112 
- 
160 
------------------------------- 
10,488 

64 
- 
- 
------------------------------- 
10,552 
====================== 

- 
- 
147 
- 
------------------------------- 
147 
- 
(80) 
------------------------------- 
67 
================= 

- 

73 
- 
- 
------------------------------- 
73 

42 
(80) 
- 
------------------------------- 
35 
================= 

Total 

£000 

10,843 
100 
147 
(50) 
------------------------------- 
11,040 

(81) 
------------------------------- 
10,959 
====================== 

10,268 

186 
(50) 
160 
------------------------------- 
10,564 

107 
(81) 
- 
------------------------------- 
10,590 
==================== 

1 
=============================== 
3 
=============================== 
2 
=============================== 

574 
=============================== 
399 
=============================== 
335 
=============================== 

- 
=============================== 
74 
=============================== 
32 
=============================== 

575 
=============================== 
476 
=============================== 
369 
=============================== 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

The producing fields referred to in the table above are the production assets of the Group, namely the oilfields 
at Crosby Warren and West Firsby, and the Group’s interest in the Whisby W4 well. 

The carrying value of each producing field was tested for impairment by comparing the carrying value with the 
value-in-use. The value-in-use was calculated using a discounted cash flow model with production decline rates 
of 10-15%, Brent crude prices ranging from US$68 per barrel in 2022 to US$63 per barrel in 2023.  The post-
tax discount rate of 10% is high because of the applicable rates of tax in the UK. Cash flows were projected over 
the expected life of the fields which is expected to be longer than five years.  

Based on the assumptions set out above, no impairment was required (2020:  West Firsby £160,000 impairment).  
The recoverable amount was calculated at a discount rate of 10% (2020: 10%). 

Sensitivity to key assumption changes 
Variations to the key assumptions used in the value-in-use calculation would cause impairment of the 
producing fields as follows:  

Impairment of producing 
fields £000 

Production decline rate (current assumption 10-15%) 
12% 
15% 
Brent crude price per barrel (current assumption US$68/bbl in 
2022 reducing to US$63/bbl in 2023) 
$50 flat 
$63 flat 
Pre-tax discount rate (current assumption 10%) 
20% 
25% 

- 
89 

720 
15 

19 
300 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Property, plant & equipment - Company 

Cost 
At 31 July 2019 
At transition 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 July 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 July 2021 

Depreciation 
At 31 July 2019 
Charge for year 
Disposals 

At 31 July 2020 
Charge for year 
Disposals 

At 31 July 2021 

Net Book Value 
At 31 July 2019 

At 31 July 2020 

At 31 July 2021 

13 

Investments - Group 
Investment in shares 

At 1 August 
Current year additions 
Write off on revaluation 

At 31 July 

Furniture & 
computers 
£000 

Right of use 
assets 
£000 

53 
- 
3 
(50) 
------------------------------- 
6 
- 
(1) 
------------------------------- 
5 
==================== 

52 
1 
(50) 
------------------------------- 

3 
1 
(1) 
------------------------------- 
3 
==================== 

- 
117 
- 
- 
------------------------------- 
117 
- 
(80) 
------------------------------- 
37 
====================== 

- 
65 
- 
------------------------------- 

65 
31 
(80) 
------------------------------- 
16 
================== 

Total 

£000 

53 
117 
3 
(50) 
------------------------------- 
123 
- 
(81) 

------------------------------- 
42 
======================= 

52 
66 
(50) 
------------------------------- 

68 
32 
(81) 
------------------------------- 
19 
=================== 

1 
=============================== 
3 
=============================== 
2 
=============================== 

- 
=============================== 
52 
=============================== 
21 
=============================== 

1 
=============================== 
55 
=============================== 
23 
=============================== 
. 

2021 
£000 
44 
- 
(2) 
----------------------------------------- 
42 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
241 
- 
(197) 
----------------------------------------- 
44 
=================== 

On 8 May 2019, the Group sold its interest in PEDL143 to UK Oil & Gas Plc (‘UKOG’) for 25,951,557 
UKOG shares.  At the time of the sale the shares were worth 1.156p each, resulting in a total value of 
£300,000.  The investment was revalued at the year end to the value of £42,000 (0.163p per share) (2020: 
£44,000 (0.17p per share) with the loss being recorded in Other Comprehensive Income (note 9).   

Investments - Company 
Investment in subsidiaries 

At 1 August 
Current year additions 

At 31 July 

2021 
£000 
2,341 
2 
----------------------------------------- 
2,343 
======================= 

2020 
£000 
2,341 
- 
----------------------------------- 
2,341 
=================== 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

The Company’s investments at the reporting date include 100% of the share capital in the following unlisted 

companies: 
the UK. 

•  Europa Oil & Gas Limited, which undertakes oil and gas exploration, development and production in 
•  Europa Oil & Gas (West Firsby) Limited, which is non-trading. 
•  Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland West) Limited, which held the interest in the FEL 2/13 licence. 
•  Europa  Oil  &  Gas  (Ireland  East)  Limited,  which  held the  interest  in  the  FEL  3/13  and  FEL  1/17 
•  Europa Oil & Gas (Inishkea) Limited, which holds the interest in the FEL 4/19 and FEL 3/19 licences. 
•  Europa Oil & Gas (New Ventures) Limited, which holds the interest in the Moroccan licence. 

licences.  

All  six  companies  are  registered  in  England  and  Wales,  all  having  their  registered  office  at  55  Baker  Street, 
London W1U 7EU. 
The results of the six companies have been included in the consolidated accounts.  

Europa  Oil  &  Gas  Limited  owns  100%  of  the  ordinary  share  capital  of  Europa  Oil  &  Gas  (UK)  Limited 
(registered in England and Wales and non-trading). 

14 

Inventories - Group 

Oil in tanks 

15 

Trade and other receivables    

2021 
£000 
23 
====================================== 

2020 
£000 
12 
====================================== 

Current trade and other receivables 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Prepayments 

Non-current other receivables 
Owed by Group undertakings (note 24) 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£000 
330 
67 
125 
-------------------------------- 

522 
================= 

- 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
111 
25 
98 
----------------------------------- 

234 
==================== 

- 
=================== 

2021 
£000 
- 
11 
58 
----------------------------------- 

69 
==================== 

588 
================== 

2020 
£000 
- 
2 
51 
----------------------------------- 

53 
=================== 

430 
=================== 

16 

Restricted cash  

Cash guarantee 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£000 
230 
=================================== 

2020 
£000 
245 
=================================== 

2021 
£000 
- 
=================================== 

2020 
£000 
- 
=================================== 

A requirement of the petroleum agreement with the National Office of Hydrocarbons and Mines (‘ONHYM’), 
was the setting up of a guarantee for $315,000 (£230,000) (2020: $315,000 (£245,000)). This is treated as 
restricted cash. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

17 

Trade and other payables  

Current trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other payables 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£000 
963 
593 
-------------------------------------- 
1,556 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
507 
506 
-------------------------------------- 
1,013 
==================== 

2021 
£000 
503 
149 
--------------------------------------- 
652 
==================== 

2020 
£000 
364 
151 
--------------------------------------- 
515 
======================== 

Non-current trade and other payables  
Lease liabilities 

        17 

         31 

        11 

        17 

18 

Borrowings 

Loans repayable in less than 1 year 
Bounce Back Loan 

Total short-term borrowing 

Loans repayable in 1 to 2 years 
Bounce Back Loan 

Loans repayable in 2 to 5 years 
Bounce Back Loan 

Loans repayable in over 5 years 
Bounce Back Loan 

Group 

Company 

2020 
£000 

2 
-------------------------------------- 
2 
=================== 

2021 
£000 

10 
--------------------------------------- 
10 
====================== 

2020 
£000 

2 
--------------------------------------- 
2 
====================== 

10 

30 

8 

10 

30 

- 

10 

30 

8 

2021 
£000 

10 
-------------------------------------- 
10 
================== 

10 

30 

- 

Total long-term borrowing 

-------------------------------------- 
40 
===================== 

-------------------------------------- 
48 
==================== 

--------------------------------------- 
40 
======================== 

--------------------------------------- 
48 
======================= 

In June 2020 the Group received a Bounce Back loan for £50,000 under the Government’s Covid 19 policies.  
The loan is to be repaid within 6 years of drawdown but with a 12-month holiday so repayments started in July 
2021 and will be repaid over the following 5 years.  The annual rate of interest is 2.5%.   

On 19th January the Group entered into a related party loan agreement with CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig (a Group 
Non-Executive director and shareholder).  Under this agreement, Europa Oil & Gas drew funds of £225,000 
on 20th January 2021 for a term of 4 months (with the option of early repayment). The loan was unsecured and 
interest accrued on a daily basis at an effective interest rate of 12.57% per annum.  The loan and accrued interest 
was fully repaid in March 2021. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

19 

Leases 
The balance sheet shows the following amounts relating to leases 

Asset 
Office lease 
Company van 
Company van 
Company van 
Company van 

Total 

1 August 
2020 

£000 
23 
16 
14 
16 
5 
------------------------------- 
74 
=================== 

Depreciation 
charge for the 
year 
£000 
(23) 
(4) 
(3) 
(5) 
(4) 
------------------------------- 
(39) 
===================== 

31 July 
2021 

1 August 
2019 

£000 
- 
12 
11 
11 
1 
------------------------------- 
35 
======================= 

£000 
80 
20 
18 
20 
9 
------------------------------- 
147 
======================== 

Depreciation 
charge for the 
year 
£000 
(57) 
(4) 
(4) 
(4) 
(4) 
------------------------------- 
(73) 
===================== 

31 July 
2020 

£000 
23 
16 
14 
16 
5 
------------------------------- 
74 
======================== 

Lease liability 

Balance at 1 
August 2020 

Payments 
made in year 

Payment 
allocation 
from prior 
year 
prepayments 

Interest 
element of 
payments 

Balance at 31 
Jul 2021 

Office lease 
Company van 
Company van 
Company van 
Company van 

£000 

19 
15 
13 
14 
5 
---------------------- 
66 
======================== 

£000 

£’000 

£000 

(19) 
(5) 
(4) 
(5) 
(4) 
---------------------- 

(37) 
=========================== 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
---------------------- 

- 
=========================== 

- 
1 
1 
- 
- 
--------------------- 

2 
=========================== 

£000 

- 
11 
10 
9 
1 
---------------------- 

31 
=========================== 

Lease liability 

Balance at 1 
August 2019 

Payments 
made in year 

Payment 
allocation 
from prior 
year 
prepayments 

Interest 
element of 
payments 

Balance at 31 
Jul 2020 

£000 

2 
1 
- 
- 
- 
--------------------- 
3 
=========================== 

£000 

19 
15 
13 
14 
5 
---------------------- 
66 
=========================== 

Office lease 
Company van 
Company van 
Company van 
Company van 

Lease liability 

Current 
Non-current 
Lease liability 

£000 

80 
20 
18 
20 
9 
-------------------- 
147 
======================== 

£000 

£’000 

(8) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
---------------------- 
(8) 
=========================== 

2020 
£000 
35 
31 

-------------------------------------- 
66 
===================== 

(55) 
(6) 
(5) 
(6) 
(4) 
---------------------- 
(76) 
=========================== 

2021 
£000 
14 
17 

-------------------------------------- 
31 
==================== 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

The income statement shows the following amounts relating to leases: 

Interest on lease liabilities (included in 
finance cost) 
Expenses related to leases of land for 
extraction of oil & gas 

2021 
£000 
2 

42 

2020 
£000 
3 

42 

-------------------------------------- 
44 
====================== 

-------------------------------------- 
45 
===================== 

Amounts recognised in the statement of cashflows  

Total cash outflow for leases 

2021 
£000 
37 
================================ 

2020 
£000 
76 
================================ 

20 

Deferred Tax – Group  

Recognised deferred tax asset:  
As at 1 August   
(Charged)/credited to statement of comprehensive income 

At 31 July  

2021 
£000 
- 
- 
------------------------------------------ 
- 
====================== 

2020 
£000 
- 
- 
------------------------------------------ 
- 
======================= 

The  Group  has  a  deferred  tax  liability  of  £1,290,000  (2020:  £1,114,000)  arising  from  accelerated  capital 
allowances and a deferred tax asset of £1,290,000 (2020: £1,114,000) arising from trading losses which will be 
utilised against future taxable profits. These were offset against each other resulting in a £nil net asset/liability 
(2020: £nil net asset/liability). This offsetting  was required because the Group settles current tax assets and 
liabilities on a net basis.  

Non-recognised long-term deferred tax asset 

The Group has a non-recognised deferred tax asset of £4,259,000 (2020: £4,359,000), which arises in relation 
to ring-fence UK trading losses of £4.8 million (2020: £4.6 million), non-ring-fence UK trading losses of £11.7 
million (2020: £11.7 million) and subsidiary losses of £1.8 million (2020: subsidiary losses of £1.8 million) that 
have not been recognised in the accounts as the timing of the utilisation of the losses is considered uncertain.  

No deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised in the Company.  

21 

Provisions – Group 
Decommissioning  provisions  are  based  on  third  party  estimates  of  work  which  will  be  required  and  the 
judgement of Directors. By their nature, the detailed scope of work required and timing are uncertain.  

Long-term provisions 

As at 1 August 
Charged to statement of comprehensive income (note 7) 

At 31 July 

2021 
£000 
3,163 
230 
-------------------------------- 
3,393 
=================== 

2020 
£000 
2,917 
246 
-------------------------------- 
3,163 
==================== 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Sensitivity to key assumption changes 
Variations to the key assumptions used in the decommissioning provision estimates would cause increases / 
(reductions) to the provision as follows:  

Inflation rate (current assumption 3%) 
2% 
4% 
Discount rate (current assumption 10%) 
5% 
15% 
No provisions have been recognised in the Company.  

22 

Called up share capital 

Allotted, called up and fully paid ordinary shares of 1p 
At 1 August 2020: 444,691,599 shares (1 August 2019: 444,691,599) 
Issued in the year: 121,775,386 shares (2020: nil shares) 

At 31 July: 566,466,985 shares (2020: 444,691,599) 

Further 
decommissioning 
provision £000 

(192) 
203 

930 
(677) 

2021 
£000 

4,447 
1,218 
-------------------------------- 
5,665 
============ 

2020 
£000 

4,447 
- 
-------------------------------- 
4,447 
============= 

Ordinary shares issued 

Date 

Type of 
Issue 

Number of 
shares 

Issue 
price 

22 February 2021 

10 March 2021 

Placing 
Placing/ 
Brokers offer 

Total 

38,461,538  0.013 

83,313,848 
--------------------------------------------------------- 
121,775,386 
================= 

0.013 

-------------------------------- 
1,583 
========= 

Raised 
gross 
£000 
500 
1,083 

Raised net  
of costs 
£000 
445 
920 

Nominal 
value 
£000 
385 
833 

-------------------------------- 
1,365 
========= 

-------------------------------- 
1,218 
========= 

The costs of £218,000 incurred on the issue of share capital include £78,000 of non-cash expenses. All of the 
allotted shares are ordinary shares of the same class and rank pari passu. The following describes the purpose of 
each reserve within owners’ equity: 

Reserve 
Share premium 
Merger reserve 
Retained deficit 

Description and purpose 
Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value 
Reserve created on issue of shares on acquisition of subsidiaries in prior years 
Cumulative net gains and losses recognised in the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income 

23 

Share-based payments  
The Group operates an approved Enterprise Management Incentive (‘EMI’) share option scheme for employees 
and an unapproved scheme for grants in excess of EMI limits and for non-employees. Both schemes are equity-
settled share-based payments as defined in IFRS 2 Share-based payments. A recognised valuation methodology 
is employed to determine the fair value of options granted as set out in the standard. The charge incurred relating 
to these options is recognised within operating costs.  

Combined information for the two schemes operated by the Group is set out below. 

There are 26,029,154 ordinary 1p share options/warrants outstanding (2020: 24,203,458).  

64 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

These are held as follows:  

Holder 

31 July 2021 

31 July 2020 

RJHM Corrie 
P Greenhalgh 
HGD Mackay 
BJ O’Cathain 
SG Oddie 
SA Williams 
Employees of the Group 
Consultants and advisers 

- 
- 
- 
2,950,000 
9,200,000 
2,500,000 
3,425,000 
7,954,154 
--------------------------------------------------- 
26,029,154 
==================== 
The fair values of options were determined using a Black Scholes Merton model or, in the case of ones issued 
to advisors as part of the share issue, the fair value was deemed to be the share issue price. Volatility is based on 
the Company's share price volatility since flotation.  

450,000 
3,900,000 
11,700,000 
1,200,000 
1,200,000 
1,200,000 
2,330,000 
2,223,458 
--------------------------------------------------- 
24,203,458 
==================== 

Total 

In the year 21,404,154 options/warrants were granted, 2,223,458 expired, 17,355,000 were forfeited, and none 
were exercised (2020: 1,200,000 granted, 1,235,000 expired, none forfeited, none exercised). 

Outstanding at the start of the year 
Granted - employees/directors 
Granted - consultants 
Granted - advisors 
Expired 
Forfeited 

Outstanding at the end of the year 
Exercisable at the end of the year 

2021 
Number of 
options 

24,203,458 
13,450,000 
2,000,000 
5,954,154 
(2,223,458) 
(17,355,000) 
------------------------------------------------- 
26,029,154 
9,814,154 

2021 
Average 
exercise 
price 
8.15p 
1.23p 
1.23p 
1.3p 
2.8p 
12.85p 
----------------------------------- 
2.37p 
2.84p 

2020 
Number of 
options 

2020 
Average 
exercise price 

24,238,458 
1,200,000 
- 
- 
(1,235,000) 
- 
------------------------------------------------- 
24,203,458 
12,583,458 

8.76p 
1.28p 
- 
- 
13.09p 
- 
----------------------------------- 
8.16p 
9.48p 

The 15,450,000 options granted in August 2020 vest 5,515,000 after each of 12, 24 and 36 months, are exercisable 
conditional upon the Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc closing average mid-market share price being above 
2.46p for 30 consecutive trading day and expire on the 6th or 2nd anniversary of the grant date. The inputs used 
to determine their values are detailed in the table: 

Grant date 
Number of options 
Share price at grant 
Exercise price 
Volatility 
Dividend yield 
Risk free investment rate 
Option life in years 
Fair value per option 

4 August 2020 
13,450,000 
1.20p 
1.23p 
60.0% 
nil 
0.133% 
6 
0.41p 

4 August 2020 
2,000,000 
1.20p 
1.23p 
60.0% 
nil 
0.068% 
2 
0.21p 

The 5,954,154 warrants issued in February and March 2021 were issued to an advisor as part of the share fund 
raise.  The fair value to the options warrants was the 1.3p issue share price. 

The 1,200,000 options granted in March 2020 vest 400,000 after each of 18, 30 and 42 months, are exercisable 
conditional upon the Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc closing average mid-market share price being above 3p 
for 30 consecutive trading day and expire on the 10th anniversary of the grant date. The inputs used to determine 
their values are detailed in the table: 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Grant date 
Number of options 
Share price at grant 
Exercise price 
Volatility 
Dividend yield 
Risk free investment rate 
Option life in years 
Fair value per option 

12 March 2020 
1,200,000 
1.3p 
1.28p 
57.5% 
nil 
0.009% 
5 
0.32p 

Based on the fair values above, the charge arising from employee share options was £35,000 (2020: £3,000). The 
charge relating to non-employee share options was £4,000 (2020: £nil). The charge allocated direct to equity, 
relating to the issue of options on the issue of share capital, was £78,000 (2020: £nil). 

Share options/warrants outstanding at the end of the period have exercise prices ranging from 1.23p to 10.0p 
and the weighted average remaining contractual life at the end of the period was 3.8 years (2020: 2 years). 

24 

Financial instruments  
The Group’s and Company’s financial instruments comprise cash and cash equivalents, bank borrowings, loans, 
and  items  such  as  trade  and  other  receivables  and  trade  and  other  payables  which  arise  directly  from  its 
operations.  Europa’s  activities  are  subject to  a  range  of  financial  risks,  the main  ones  being  credit;  liquidity; 
interest rates; commodity prices; foreign exchange; and capital. These risks are managed through ongoing review 
considering the operational, business and economic circumstances at that time. 

Financial assets 

Amortised cost 

Amortised cost 

Fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income 

Fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income 

Investments 

Trade and other receivables  

Restricted cash 

Cash and cash equivalents 

2021 

£’000 

- 

397 

230 

641 

2021 

£’000 

- 

136 

245 

768 

2021 

£’000 

42 

- 

- 

- 

2020 

£’000 

44 

- 

- 

- 

Total financial assets 

-------------------- 
1,268 

-------------------- 
1,149 

----------------------- 
42 

-------------------------- 
44 

================================ 

================================ 

===================================== 

===================================== 

Financial liabilities 

Amortised cost 

Amortised cost 

Trade and other payables 

Loans 

Total financial liabilities 

2021 

£’000 

(1,556) 

(67) 

-------------------- 

(1,623) 

2020 

£’000 

(1,044) 

(50) 

-------------------- 

(1,094) 

Fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income 

Fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income 

2021 

£’000 

- 

- 

2020 

£’000 

- 

- 

--------------------- 

----------------------- 

- 

- 

================================ 

================================ 

===================================== 

===================================== 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Credit risk 
The Group is exposed to credit risk as all crude oil production is sold to one multinational oil company. The 
customer is invoiced monthly for the oil delivered to the refinery in the previous month and invoices are settled 
in full on the 15th of the following month. At 31 July 2021 trade receivables were £297,000 representing one 
month of oil revenue, part of a second month of oil revenue and partner billings (2020: £96,000 representing 
one month of oil revenue). The fair value of trade receivables and payables approximates to their carrying value 
because of their short maturity. Any surplus cash is held on short-term deposit with Royal Bank of Scotland. 
The maximum credit exposure in the year was £175,000 being the highest month’s oil revenue (2020: £137,000). 
The Company exposure to third party credit risk is negligible. The intercompany balances with its subsidiaries 
have been provided due to the questionability of their recovery. 

Liquidity risk 
The Company currently has no overdraft or overdraft facility with its bankers.  

The Group and Company monitor their levels of working capital to ensure they can meet liabilities as they fall 
due. The following table shows the contractual maturities  (representing the undiscounted cash flows)  of the 
Group’s and Company’s financial liabilities.    

At 31 July 

6 months or less 

Total 

At 31 July 

6 to 12 months 
1 to 2 years 
2 to 5 years 
Over 5 years 

Total 

Group 
Trade and other payables 
2020 
£000 
1,013 
-------------------------------------- 
1,013 
================================ 

2021 
£000 
1,556 
-------------------------------------- 
1,556 
================================ 

Company 
Trade and other payables 

2021 
£000 
652 
--------------------------------------- 
652 
===================================== 

2020 
£000 
515 
--------------------------------------- 
515 
===================================== 

Group 
Loans 

Company 
Loans 

2021 
£000 
5 
5 
10 
30 
-------------------------------------- 
50 
===================== 

2020 
£000 
2 
10 
30 
8 
-------------------------------------- 
50 
====================== 

2021 
£000 
5 
5 
10 
30 
--------------------------------------- 
50 
========================= 

2020 
£000 
2 
10 
30 
8 
--------------------------------------- 
50 
======================== 

Cash and cash equivalents in both Group and Company are all available at short notice. 

Trade and other payables do not normally incur interest charges. There is no difference between the fair value 
of the trade and other payables and their carrying amounts. 

Interest rate risk 
The Group has no interest-bearing liabilities.  

Commodity price risk 
The selling price of the Group’s production of crude oil is set at a small discount to Brent prices. The table 
below shows the range of prices achieved in the year and the sensitivity of the Group’s  loss before taxation 
(‘LBT’) to such movements in oil price. There would be a  corresponding increase or decrease to net assets. 
There is no commodity price risk in the Company. 

Oil price 
Highest  
Average 
Lowest  

Month 
July 21 

October 2020 

2021 
Price 
US$/bbl 
$73.60 
$55.80 
$39.10 

2021 
LBT 
£000 
(420) 
(845) 
(1,262) 

2020 
Price 
US$/bbl 
$65.80 
$48.50 
$18.20 

2020 
LBT 
£000 
(4,991) 
(5,440) 
(6,216) 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Foreign exchange risk 
The Group’s production of crude oil is invoiced in US$. Revenue is translated into Sterling using a monthly 
exchange rate set by reference to the market rate. The table below shows the range of average monthly US$ 
exchange rates used in the year and the sensitivity of the Group’s LBT to similar movements in US$ exchange. 
There would be a corresponding increase or decrease in net assets. 

US Dollar 
Highest 
Average 
Lowest 

Month 
May 2021 

Sep 2020 

2021 
Rate  
US$/£ 
1.418 
1.271 
1.292 

2021 
LBT  
£000 
(902) 
(845) 
(775) 

2020 
Rate  
US$/£ 
1.321 
1.271 
1.218 

2020 
LBT  
£000 
(5,477) 
(5,440) 
(5,376) 

The  table  below  shows  the  Group’s  currency  exposures.  Exposures  comprise  the  net  financial  assets  and 
liabilities of the Group that are not denominated in the functional currency. 

Currency   Item 
Euro 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other payables 
US Dollar  Cash and cash equivalents 

Trade and other receivables 

Total 

   Group 

           Company 

2021 
£000 
2 
(458) 
339 
290 
---------------------------- 
173 
==================== 

2020 
£000 
57 
(352) 
355 
100 
---------------------------- 
160 
=================== 

2021 
£000 
2 
(397) 
6 
- 
---------------------------- 
(389) 
====================== 

2020 
£000 
5 
(483) 
7 
- 
---------------------------- 
(471) 
====================== 

Capital risk management 
The  Group’s  objectives  when  managing  capital  are  to  safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost 
of capital. The Group defines capital as being the consolidated shareholder equity (note 22) and bank borrowings 
(currently  £50,000).  The  Board  monitors  the  level  of  capital  as  compared  to  the  Group’s  long-term  debt 
commitments and adjusts the ratio of debt to capital as is determined to be necessary, by issuing new shares, 
reducing or increasing debt, paying dividends and returning capital to shareholders. The Group has a £50k loan 
subject  to  an  annual  2.5%  interest  charge  and  repayable  over  6  years  with  a  1-year  holiday.    Repayments 
commenced in July 2021. 

Intercompany loans 
The loans to the subsidiaries are not classified as repayable on demand. IFRS 9 requires consideration of the 
expected credit risk associated with the loan. As the subsidiary company does not have any liquid assets to sell 
to repay the loan, should it be recalled, the conclusion reached was that the loan should be categorised as stage 
3. 

As part of the assessment of expected credit losses of the intercompany loan receivable, the Directors have 
considered the published chance of success for Inishkea, and applying the same 33% general wildcat exploration 
success rate to Inezgane, the loans to Europa Oil & Gas Inishkea and Europa Oil & Gas New Ventures have 
thus been 67% provided. 

The loan to Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland West) and Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland East) have been provided in full 
due to the relinquishment of the licence held by the subsidiaries. 

The movement in the provision was as follows: 

Europa 
Oil & 
Gas 
Limited 

£000 
16,517 
2,068 
--------------------------------- 

Europa 
Oil & 
Gas 
(Ireland 
West) 
Limited 
£000 

Europa 
Oil & 
Gas 
(Ireland 
East) 
Limited 
£000 

505 
258 
--------------------------------- 

961 
519 
--------------------------------- 

68 

Total 

Europa 
Oil & 
Gas 
(Inishkea) 
Limited 

Europa 
Oil & 
Gas (New 
Ventures) 
Limited  

£000 

424 
109 
--------------------------------- 

£000 

216 
121 
--------------------------------- 

£000 
18,623 
3,075 
--------------------------------- 

Provision at 31 July 2019 
Movement in the year 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Provision at 31 July 2020 
Movement in the year 

Provision at 31 July 2021 

Gross loan balances 
Loan balance at 31 July 2019 
Movement in loan 
Loan balance at 31 July 2020 
Movement in loan 
Loan balance at 31 July 2021 

Provisions 
Provision at 31 July 2019 
Movement in provision 
Provision at 31 July 2020 
Movement in provision 
Provision at 31 July 2021 

Net loan balance at 1 August 2019 
2012018 
Net loan balance at 31 July 2020 
Net loan balance at 31 July 2021 

18,585 
1,593 
--------------------------------- 
20,178 
===========
== 

16,517 
2,068 
18,585 
1,593 
20,178 

(16,517) 
(2,068) 
(18,585) 
(1,593) 
(20,178) 

- 
- 
- 

763 
- 
--------------------------------- 
763 
============= 

1,480 
- 
--------------------------------- 
1,480 
============= 

533 
154 
--------------------------------- 
687 
============= 

337 
174 
--------------------------------- 
511 
============= 

21,698 
1,921 
--------------------------------- 
23,619 
============= 

754 
9 
763 
- 
763 

(505) 
(258) 
(763) 
- 
(763) 

249 
- 
- 

1,434 
46 
1,480 
- 
1,480 

(961) 
(519) 
(1,480) 
- 
(1,480) 

473 
- 
- 

632 
164 
796 
228 
1,024 

(424) 
(109) 
(533) 
(154) 
(687) 

208 
263 
337 

324 
180 
504 
258 
762 

(216) 
(121) 
(337) 
(174) 
(511) 

108 
167 
251 

19,661 
2,467 
22,128 
2,079 
24,207 

(18,623) 
(3,075) 
(21,698) 
(1,921) 
(23,619) 

1,038 
430 
588 

25 

Capital commitments and guarantees 
The outstanding work commitment on Inezgane offshore licence for 2021 totals £400,000 and relates to finding 
the original seismic acquisition tapes, sorting through them for quality, nav-merging the location with the trace 
recordings, and reprocessing the seismic volume to get best quality visual based in time and then converting the 
volume to a pre stack depth migrated (PSDM) state reprocessed data pack. A payment is made to NAMR for 
training local personnel, usually technical individuals. 

For PEDL181 there is a commitment to reprocess 2D seismic, integrate Grav.mag. data and interpret it by June 
2022.  The total price for this is estimated to be £80,000 (with the Group’s share being 50%) 

If the Group is not able to farm-down, extend licences or elects not to continue in an exploration licence, then 
the impact on the financial statements will be the impairment of the relevant intangible asset disclosed in note 
11. 

26 

Operating lease commitments 
Europa Oil & Gas Limited pays annual site rentals for the land upon which the West Firsby and Crosby Warren 
oil field facilities are located.  

•  The West Firsby lease runs until September 2022 and can be terminated on two months’ notice. The 
annual cost is currently £22,000 (2020: £22,000) increasing annually in line with the retail price index.  

•  The Crosby Warren lease runs until December 2022 and can be terminated on three months’ notice. 

The annual cost is currently £20,000 (2020: £20,000). 

Future minimum lease payments are as follows: 

Less than 1 year 
2-5 years 

Total 

2021 
£000 
9 
- 
--------------------------------- 
9 
============ 

2020 
£000 
9 
- 
--------------------------------- 
9 

============= 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

27 

Related party transactions 
Key management are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, controlling and directing 
the activities of the Group. In the opinion of the Board, the Group’s and the Company’s key management are 
the Directors of Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc. Information regarding their compensation is given in note 
4. 

During the year, the Company provided services to subsidiary companies as follows: 

Europa Oil & Gas Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland West) Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland East) Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (Inishkea) Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (New Ventures) Limited 

Total 

2021 
£000 
1,208 
- 
- 
38 
25 
--------------------------------- 
1,271 
============ 

2020 
£000 
1,496 
3 
6 
25 
57 
--------------------------------- 
1,587 
========== 

At the end of the year, after provisions, the Company was owed the following amounts by subsidiaries: 

Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland West) Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (Ireland East) Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (Inishkea) Limited 
Europa Oil & Gas (New Ventures) Limited 

Total 

2021 
£000 
- 
- 
337 
251 
--------------------------------- 
588 
============ 

2020 
£000 
- 
- 
263 
167 
--------------------------------- 
430 
============= 

On 19th January the Group entered into a related party loan agreement with CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig (a Group 
Non-Executive director and shareholder).  Under this agreement, Europa Oil & Gas drew funds of £225,000 
on 20th January 2021 for a term of 4 months (with the option of early repayment). The loan was unsecured and 
interest accrued on a daily basis at an effective interest rate of 12.57% per annum.  The loan and accrued interest 
was fully repaid in March 2021. 

28  

Post reporting date events 

Inezgane licence farmout officially announced on 3rd August 2021 

• 
•  Wressle achieved over 500 bopd after successful proppant squeeze operations in late August 2021 and 

this increased to 950 boepd in September which was over previous expectations 

•  Following the achievement of 500bopd oil flow rate as announced in August 2021, the Directors 

consider that Wressle has met the requirements under IFRS6 for transfer to producing assets as of 
that date 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Europa Oil & Gas (Holdings) plc 

Directors and advisers  

Company registration number 

5217946 

Registered office 

Directors 

Secretary 

Banker 

Solicitor 

Auditor 

Nominated adviser and broker 

Broker 

Registrar 

55 Baker Street 
London 
W1U 7EU 

CW Ahlefeldt-Laurvig – Non-Executive Director  
BJ O’Cathain – Non-Executive Chairman (from 4 August 2020, 
previously Non-Executive Director) 
SG Oddie – Chief Executive Officer (from 4 August 2020, previously 
Non-Executive Chairman) 
SA Williams - Non-Executive Director (from 12 March 2020) 

M Johnson 

Royal Bank of Scotland plc 
1 Albyn Place 
Aberdeen 
AB10 1BR 

Charles Russell Speechlys LLP 
5 Fleet Place 
London 
EC4M 7RD 

BDO LLP 
55 Baker Street 
London 
W1U 7EU 

finnCap Ltd 
One Bartholomew Close 
London 
EC1A 7BL 

Turner Pope Investments (TPI) Limited 
8 Frederick’s Place 
London 
EC2R 8AB 

Computershare Investor Services plc 
PO Box 82 
The Pavilions 
Bridgwater Road 
Bristol  
BS99 7NH 

71