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Experience Co Limited

eve · LSE Financial Services
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FY2018 Annual Report · Experience Co Limited
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annual report

eve Sl eep pl c 2018

4

Good morning! 

Welcome to 

eve’s 2018 annual 

report...

eve  Sleep pl c  201 8 a nnu a l  rep o r t

5

co ntents

6

c o m p a n y   i n f o r m a t i o n

8

c h a i r m a n ’ s   s t a t e m e n t

10

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

2 6

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

47

a u d i t o r ’ s   r e p o r t

52

g r o u p   f i n a n c i a l   s t a t e m e n t s

78

c o m p a n y   f i n a n c i a l   s t a t e m e n t s

6

c o m p a n y

information

directors
Paul Pindar (Non-executive Chairman)

James Sturrock (Chief Executive Officer)

Abid Ismail (Chief Financial Officer)

auditor
KPMG LLP, Statutory Auditor

15 Canada Square

Canary Wharf

Thomas Enraght-Moony (Non-executive Director)

Nikki Crumpton (Non-executive Director)

London

E14 5GL

secretary
Link Company Matters Limited

The Registry

34 Beckenham Road

Beckenham

Kent

BR3 4TU

registered office
128 Albert Street

Camden

London

NW1 7NE

registered number
09261636

7

8

g r o u p

chairman’s statement

“There  was  much  to  be  proud  of  in  2018,  with 

considerable  progress  made 

in  many  key 

elements  of  the  strategy,  which  we  will  build 

upon in 2019 and beyond.”

Paul P indar

overview

2018 was a tough year for the 
business but I am pleased to 
state that following substantial 
restructuring1 in the second half of 
the year we enter 2019 in better 
shape and on a sounder financial 
footing. It became apparent in 
the first half of 2018 that the costs 
of rapid international expansion 
across Europe were too great and 
that there were more profitable 
opportunities for growth in the 
Core Markets in which eve had 
growing brand awareness and was 
experiencing more efficient growth 
in revenue. Swift and decisive action 
was taken, including a change in 
CEO and, following a country-by-
country review, a refocus, for now, 
on our most developed markets of 
the UK&I and France, resulting in 
the withdrawal from other European 
territories and the US over the 
summer months. As a result we now 
operate from a materially lower cost 
base.

There was also much to be proud of 
in 2018, with considerable progress 
made in many key elements of 
the strategy, which we will build 
upon in 2019 and beyond. Product 
development remains a key focus 
and in 2018 eve extended the 
mattress range from the original, 
adding a hybrid mattress (of foam 

and spring construction) as well as a 
premium and an entry price offering. In 
tandem, additional non-mattress sleep 
products were added, with the result 
that the total range has increased to 21 
products (2017: 15) by the end of the 
year, with Core Markets non-mattress 
sales accounting for 19% of total Core 
Markets sales in 2018 (2017: 14%).

We have always believed that we 
should be where the consumer shops 
and as such we remain committed 
to our ecommerce led, multi-channel 
approach, working with leading retail 
partners. This approach, along with 
our marketing investment has driven 
a substantial improvement in brand 
awareness in the Core Markets and 
substantial revenues. As at February 
2019 eve was the 5th most recognised 
mattress brand in the UK and the 
most well-known of the “mattress in 
a box” brands. This is an impressive 
achievement in just four years since 
launch.

performance

Group revenues in the year grew 25% 
to £34.8m, with gross profit increasing 
15% to £18.4m. The gross profit margin 
reduction from 57.7% to 52.8% year 
on year was primarily due to the 
planned shift in channel mix to omni-

9

channel and increased sales of 
typically lower margin non-mattress 
products.  Group underlying EBITDA2
losses increased 27% to £19.2m 
on the £15.1m reported in 2017, 
primarily reflecting a 24% increase 
in administrative expenses and the 
reduction in gross margin.

An analysis of the Core Markets 
performance provides a better 
reflection of underlying trading 
trends. The Core Markets revenues in 
the year grew 35% to £29.4m (2017: 
£21.7m), with marketing costs as a 
percentage of revenues reducing by 
360bps to 54.3% in 2018 from 57.9% in 
2018. In the UK&I, marketing costs as 
a percentage of revenues reduced 
by 840bps to 46.6% in 2018 from 
55.0% in 2017.

our people

There has been much change 
this year, which can be unsettling 
for our people. I have been really 
impressed with how the entire team 
has embraced this and I would like 
to personally thank them for their 
continued loyalty, professionalism 
and commitment to eve. Our 
people are our most valuable 
asset and we continue to invest in 
their development and wellbeing. 
The market opportunity for eve is 
undiminished and I am confident 
that we now have the right strategy, 
funding and team, led by James to 
deliver value for our shareholders.

Paul Pindar
Chairman
11 March 2019

Notes
1. 

2. 

In July 2018, the Board reviewed the number of territories that eve traded from, deciding to focus on the Core Markets of UK&I and France, 
withdrawing, for now, from other territories. As a result, Group revenue for 2018 includes approximately seven months of trading from 15 territories, and 
approximately 5 months of trading in UK&I and France. The 2017 comparatives have not been restated and refl ect trading for the 12 months across a 
larger European footprint.
Underlying EBITDA is calculated as earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation, amortisation, share-based payment charges (2017 and 2018), IPO-
related expenditure (2017 only) and staff  and country exit costs (2018 only).

10

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

strategic review

The  European  sleep  market  is  estimated  to  be 

worth £26bn, with the Core Markets that eve is 

now focused on (UK&I and France) being worth 

£6bn.

Introduction

Business Model

eve is a direct to consumer led business 
supported by retail partnerships. The 
direct to consumer focus enables 
greater control over the customer 
journey and experience and to build 
an on-going relationship with the 
customer. The central strategy for the 
business is to establish eve as a sleep 
wellness brand. Accordingly, resources 
in terms of investment and talent 
are focused on the key operations 
of product development, branding, 

The European sleep market is 
estimated to be worth £26bn, with 
the Core Markets that eve is now 
focused on (UK&I and France) being 
worth £6bn. While there are many 
traditional operators, in what is a 
highly fragmented sleep market 
across Europe, there are limited 
well branded digital operators of 
any meaningful size owning the 
wider sleep category. There is also 
an increasing willingness on the 
part of consumers to purchase big 
ticket items online, with Euromonitor 
predicting that the online furniture 
market will be the second fastest 
growing retail category, with online 
purchase penetration expected to 
increase by 55% between 2018 and 
2023.

There is also an increasing awareness 
of the importance of sleep for 
everyday health and wellbeing and 
the dangers of having insufficient 
sleep. There is currently no brand in 
Europe that has established itself as a 
sleep wellness brand. eve’s ambition 
is to achieve just this; to be seen as 
the go to brand for sleep wellness 
products.

11

marketing and customer experience 
that will facilitate the achievement of 
this objective. 

Manufacturing and fulfilment, which 
require heavy fixed cost investment 
are outsourced to leading third party 
suppliers in the UK and Continental 
Europe. This set-up has proved to be 
highly scalable and flexible, enabling 
significant seasonal variations 
in monthly product demand to 
be met without any noticeable 
margin impact or the requirement 
to hold large amounts of mattress 
stock. There is also a close working 
relationship with eve’s manufacturing 
partners to innovate and develop 
new products that work better in 
terms of function and design and 
that differentiate eve from peers, 
without a premium price tag.

Establishing eve as a sleep wellness 
brand is a major differentiator to its 
mattress-only focused peers and 
will give the Group the authority 
and trust to sell a broader range 
of products in the category to 
its customer base. This in turn is 
expected to increase the level of 
repeat purchases and improve 
marketing efficiency, a key element 
of the new strategy to building a 
sustainable and growing business 
on a clear path to profitability. The 
increased scale from additional 
revenues is also expected to drive 
down overheads as a percentage of 
revenues. Aligned with the business 
objectives, unprompted brand 
awareness, eve’s website conversion 
rate and marketing efficiency are 
all KPIs of the Group. Trends in all 
operational KPIs in the Core Markets 
of UK&I and France have been 
positive in 2018.

The inherent agility in the business 
model was demonstrated in the 
year, when the decision to focus on 
the UK&I and France, withdrawing 
from other European territories, 
was achieved at minimal cost and 
disruption.

12

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

CEO statement

“Sleep  grows  ever  more  relevant  in  a 

world  where  wellbeing,  wellness  and 

a  desire  to  switch  off  and  de-stress  is 

becoming  more  and  more  of  a  zeitgeist 

of modern living. ”

James Sturro ck

what attracted me to 
eve?

business review

I joined eve in September 2018 

because I believe in eve’s mission to 

bring sleep wellness to the nation. 

1 in 5 consumers say they have 

restless nights due to discomfort 

or anxiety (YouGov Survey 2017). 

Sleep grows ever more relevant in 

a world where wellbeing, wellness 

and a desire to switch off and 

de-stress are becoming more and 

more of a zeitgeist of modern living. 

eve has not only created beautiful 

products to give everyone the best 

possible start to the day but has also 

simplified the way mattresses and 

other sleep products are purchased 

and delivered. Our sleep products 

are rated highly by consumers as 

evidenced by our Trustpilot score of 

9.4 out of 10 and our recent win of 

a Which? Best Buy rating. I believe 

that we are on our way to building a 

brand that is differentiated and can 

be the category leader.

While there was considerable 

progress in 2018, including 35% 

revenue growth in Core Markets 

and a substantial improvement in 

UK unprompted brand awareness, 

our financial performance fell 

short of our own and the market’s 

expectations. This was due primarily 

to company specific factors related 

to over expansion into too many 

countries too quickly and not helped 

by the uncertain and challenging 

retail market backdrop.

To address this underperformance, 

one of my first actions since joining 

eve was to lead a Board review 

of the Group’s business, which has 

resulted in an updated, and fully 

funded, rebuild strategy, with many 

improvements already made. The 

central objective of the strategy is to 

build the team, the systems

and the products in order to create 

a platform enabling sustainable 

future growth for the business, 

which has an increased focus on 

cash generation and profitability. 

In addition to a territory refocus, to 

support this central objective, action 

has been taken to reduce inefficient 

investment in marketing and 

reducing overheads in 2019, when 

compared to 2018.

13

the rebuild strategy

The rebuild strategy focuses on three 

core pillars:

•  differentiated brand  

positioning;

•  expanded product  

range; and

•  lower friction customer 

experience.

differentiated brand 

positioning

We are broadening the Group’s 

current position to become a trusted 

destination for a wider range of 

products. To achieve this we are 

refocusing marketing investment and 

communications around the benefits 

that eve can bring consumers in 

sleep wellness.

We start from a good place, having 

already invested significantly in 

marketing over the last two years 

in our Core Markets, including 

campaigns “Every great day starts 

the night before” and “Join the Sleep 

rich”. The success of our marketing 

to date is demonstrated in our 

unprompted UK brand awareness, 

which has increased consistently 

from 1.4% in December 2016 to 

approximately 10% today. In 2018 

eve was the UK’s 5th most well-

known mattress brand and the most 

well-known bed-in-a-box brand. In 

France in 2018, eve was the 8th most 

well-known mattress brand and the 

most well-known bed-in-a-box brand.

14

The efficiency of our marketing 

spend has improved in our Core 

Markets in tandem with our 

growing awareness. In the UK&I 

marketing as a percentage of 

revenue has fallen from 62.5% 

in 2016, 55.0% in 2017 to 46.6% 

in 2018. Notwithstanding this 

substantial progress, more can be 

achieved.

Our new Chief Marketing Officer, 

Cheryl Calverley, who has 

previously worked at the AA and 

Unilever, joined in December 2018. 

Cheryl is charged with building a 

strong brand that consumers can 

relate to; a brand that will be front 

of mind when they look at making 

purchases in the category.

To measure our success in 

delivering on this strategic pillar we 

will be monitoring and reporting 

on the KPI of unprompted brand 

awareness in the UK and marketing 

costs as a percentage of revenues 

will continue to be a KPI, given its 

importance for the pathway to 

profitability.

expanded product range  

We are building out a range of 

sleep products to complement 

our successful next generation 

foam mattress, giving eve a clear 

trajectory to owning the ecommerce 

sleep wellness space in our chosen 

markets and encouraging a stronger 

repeat purchase business model.

Recent new products include a 

baby mattress, a light and premium 

mattress to address all price points 

as well as a hybrid mattress (of 

foam and spring construction) to 

target a broader range of consumer 

preferences. During the year we also 

launched a selection of bed frames 

and extended our range of bed 

linens.

Range expansion helped to drive 

a repeat purchase rate of 14% in 

2018 in the Core Markets, up from 

11% in 2017. In addition, sales from 

non-mattress products increased in 

2018 to 19% of total sales in the Core 

Markets (2017: 14%).

To measure our success in delivering 

on this strategic pillar we will be 

monitoring and reporting on the KPIs 

of product returns rate, conversion 

rates and the growth in non-mattress 

sales.

15

There are additional developments 

to the online purchasing experience 

including improvements to the 

search, discovery and checkout 

processes on the website and 

plans to further improve post-sales 

customer relationship marketing 

encouraging repeat purchase 

behaviour.

To measure our success in delivering 

on this strategic pillar we will be 

monitoring and reporting on the 

KPIs of conversion rates and our Net 

Promoter Score (NPS).

2019 focus summary 

lower friction customer 

experience  

Enhancing customer experience 

throughout the online journey 

and in our service proposition to 

enable stronger site conversion and 

customer satisfaction metrics is core 

The focus for the next six to twelve 

to our rebuild strategy. Improved 

months is to continue to lay the 

conversion will not only drive higher 

foundations for the rebuild strategy, 

revenues but also greater marketing 

embed the changes into the business 

efficiency, which is key to achieving 

and to focus on reducing underlying 

profitability.

EBITDA losses, whilst growing revenue 

in a sustainable way. Notwithstanding 

We have set up specific squads in 

on-going macro headwinds in 2019, 

our Digital Product team tasked with 

I am confident that we have the 

identifying the friction points in the 

team, strategy and product range, 

customer research, consideration 

combined with the strength of brand, 

and purchase journey and 

to build a sustainable and profitable 

implementing solutions to create an 

business which meets the needs of 

optimised experience. A number 

our customers and delivers value for 

of improvements to the customer 

shareholders.

experience have already been 

made, which have contributed to a 

positive increase in the conversion 

rate in the Core Markets. By way of 

example, we have recently improved 

our delivery offering, adding a 

James Sturrock

premium service to complement our 

Chief Executive Officer

free standard delivery, as well as a 

11 March 2019

greater choice of time slots, including 

nominated day delivery and a 

choice of morning or afternoon slots.

 
16

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

Key performance 
indicators

In 2018, for approximately seven months of the year, eve was operating in fifteen 

territories. Where Group is referred to this relates to trade in all eve territories. Early in the 

second half of the year, eve rationalised the markets in which it operated to focus on 

UK&I and France and these three countries are referred to as the Core Markets.

In 2018, the key performance indicators (KPIs) used to evaluate and monitor the 

performance of the business were updated to support the three core pillars of the rebuild 

strategy (differentiated brand positioning, extended product range and lower friction 

customer experience). In 2017, closing cash and gross margin were financial KPIs of the 

Group; in 2018, the impact on cash and gross margin is monitored via the financial KPIs 

set out below and therefore these metrics are no longer separate financial KPIs of the 

business. There are now three financial KPIs and five operational KPIs.

Financial KPIs1

Overall  
revenue  
growth

Marketing 
efficiency

Underlying 
EBITDA2

Operational KPIs1

UK brand 
awareness

Product  
return rates

eve website 
conversion rate2

Net Promoter  
Score2

Non-mattress 
revenue  
growth2

Notes
1.  Definitions of Financial and Operational KPIs, see page 18
2. 

These financial and operational KPIs are monitored by the Group in 2018 which were not monitored in 2017.

17

The  results  of  the  KPIs  are  set  out  below.  Financial  KPIs  focus  on  both  Group  and  Core 

Markets results whilst the operational KPIs focus on measures tracked in the Core Markets 

of UK&I and France. Whilst lower than original expectations (due to the reasons set out 

in the Strategic Report), both financial and operational KPIs show broadly positive trends 

against 2017:

Group and Core Markets Financial KPIs

•  Group revenue increased by 25% to £34.8m (2017: £27.7m);

•  Core Markets revenue increased by 35% to £29.4m (2017: £21.7m);

• 

• 

Improvement in Group marketing efficiency of 510bps to 56.8% (2017: 61.9%);

Improvement in Core Markets marketing efficiency of 360bps to 54.3% (2017: 57.9%);

•  Group underlying EBITDA loss: £19.2m (2017: £15.1m loss).

Core Markets Operational KPIs

• 

Increase in non-mattress Core Markets sales as a proportion of total sales by 500bps 

to 19% (2017: 14%);

•  Unprompted  UK  brand  awareness:  560bps  year-on-year  increase  in  unprompted 

UK brand awareness (November 2018: 11.2%; November 2017: 6.6%);

120bps year-on-year improvement in the returns rate to 9.3% (2017: 10.5%);

33bps year-on-year improvement in the conversion rate;

• 

• 

•  Net promoter score of 58 in UK and 69 in France (2017: 56 in UK and 61 in France).

18

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

Glossary

Definitions of Financial and Operational KPIs:

Overall revenue growth - % change in value of reported revenue for the specified segment 
of the latest period vs the previous period

Marketing efficiency - total reported marketing cost divided by the reported revenue for 
the specified segment

Underlying EBITDA - earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation, share-
based payment charges (2017 and 2018), IPO-related expenditure (2017 only) and staff 
and country exit costs (2018 only). Underlying EBITDA reflects what management believe to 
demonstrate the underlying performance of the business in a given year.

Non-mattress sales as a proportion of total sales - % change in value of reported sales 
attributable to non-mattress products for the specified segment of the last period vs the 
previous period. The Group track this Operational KPI in addition to the Financial KPI of overall 
revenue growth as returns and deferrals are not tracked in isolation for non-mattress sales. 
Total sales represents all sales after discounts and VAT and before deferred revenue, refunds 
processed and the refunds provision. Non-mattress sales represents the value of sales from 
non-mattress products.

UK Brand awareness - when asked question “What mattress brands can you think of?” the 
% of total respondents that answer eve (externally assessed using industry polling agencies)

Product return rates - return rate % is calculated by dividing the total value of sales returns 
by the value of net sales of goods including freight (all excluding VAT).

eve website conversion rate - the percentage of website traffic in a specific period that 
complete a purchase. Calculated by dividing the number of completed sales orders divided 
by the total website traffic. This figure is compared on a bps movement between periods

Net promoter score - calculated based on responses to a single question: “How likely is it 
that you would recommend our company/product/service to a friend or colleague?” The 
scoring for this answer is based on a 0-10 scale and KPI is based on % of those that responded 
with score 9-10 minus the number of those responding 0-6. NPS scores presented are 
December 2017 and 2018 results.

19

20

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

financial review

“Group revenue increased by 25% from 

£27.7m  in  2017  to  £34.8m  in  2018  and 

revenue  from  the  core  markets  of  the 

UK&I and France grew by 35% to £29.4m 

from £21.7m in 2017.”

Abid  Ismail

Group financial performance

£m

Revenue

Gross profit

Distribution

Profit after distribution

Payment fees1

Marketing1

Loss after distribution, payment fees and marketing

Wages & Salaries (excluding share-based payment charges)1

Other administrative expenses1

Share-based payment charges

Loss before IPO-related expenditure

IPO Related Expenditure

Net finance income

Loss before tax

Taxation

Loss after tax

Reconciliation to underlying EBITDA:

Taxation

Net finance income

IPO-related expenditure

Share-based payment charge

Staff and country exit costs

Depreciation and amortisation

2018

34.8

18.4

(4.1)

14.3

(0.7)

(19.8)

(6.2)

(5.4)

(8.5)

(0.3)

(20.3)

-

0.0

(20.3)

0.2

(20.1)

(0.2)

(0.0)

-

0.3

0.8

0.1

2017

Movement

+25%

+15%

(18%)

+14%

(5%)

(15%)

(16%)

(20%)

(59%)

+83%

(21%)

n/a

+79%

(7%)

n/a

(6%)

27.7

16.0

(3.4)

12.6

(0.7)

(17.2)

(5.3)

(4.5)

(5.3)

(1.8)

(16.9)

(2.1)

0.0

(19.0)

-

(19.0)

-

(0.0)

2.1

1.8

-

0.0

Underlying EBITDA

(19.2)

(15.1)

(27%)

1 Administrative expenses per the Consolidated Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income include payment fees, marketing, wages & salaries 
(excluding share-based payment charges) and other administrative expenses. 
Financial data has been rounded for presentation purposes. As a result of this rounding, totals, comparatives and calculations presented in this document may vary 
slightly from the arithmetic totals or calculations using such data.

Group financial performance as a % of revenue

21

% of Revenue

Gross Profit

Distribution

Profit after distribution

Marketing

Administrative expenses1 excluding marketing

Administrative expenses1 excluding marketing and one-off costs

UK&I financial performance

£m

Revenue

Gross Profit

Distribution

Profit after distribution

Payment fees

Marketing

Loss after distribution, payment fees and marketing (before 

overhead allocation)

France financial performance

£m

Revenue

Gross Profit

Distribution

Profit after distribution

Payment fees

Marketing

Loss after distribution, payment fees and marketing (before 

overhead allocation)

Other financial performance

£m

Revenue

Gross Profit

Distribution

Profit after distribution

Payment fees

Marketing

Loss after distribution, payment fees and marketing (before 

overhead allocation)

2018

52.8%

(11.6%)

41.1%

(56.8%)

(41.9%)

(39.7%)

2018

22.5

11.8

(1.7)

10.1

(0.4)

(10.5)

(0.8)

2018

6.8

3.7

(1.2)

2.5

(0.1)

(5.4)

(3.1)

2018

5.5

2.9

(1.2)

1.7

(0.2)

(3.8)

(2.3)

2017

57.7%

(12.4%)

45.3%

(61.9%)

(37.9%)

(37.9%)

Movement

(490bps)

+80bps

(420bps)

+510bps

(400bps)

(180bps)

2017

Movement

16.1

9.6

(1.4)

8.2

(0.4)

(8.9)

(1.1)

+40%

+23%

(20%)

+24%

(6%)

(18%)

+29%

2017

Movement

5.5

3.0

(0.8)

2.2

(0.1)

(3.7)

+23%

+20%

(49%)

+10%

(14%)

(48%)

(1.6)

(101%)

2017

Movement

6.1

3.4

(1.2)

2.2

(0.2)

(4.6)

(2.7)

(10%)

(14%)

+5%

(19%)

+4%

+17%

+15%

22

revenue 

Group revenue increased by 25% 

to £34.8m in 2018 (2017: £27.7m). 

Direct to consumer remains the 

dominant revenue channel. 

However, Group revenues from 

omni-channel did grow strongly, 

representing 22% of revenue in 2018 

(2017: 14%), increasing 97% to £7.8m 

in 2018 (2017: £4.0m). As a result of 

investment in marketing and product 

expansion, revenue from the Core 

Markets of the UK&I and France 

combined grew by 35% to £29.4m 

(2017: £21.7m) with UK&I revenues 

growing 40% and France growing 

23% respectively.

gross margins

Group gross margins remained strong 

however they have been negatively 

impacted by both product mix 

(increasing non-mattress revenues) 

and channel mix (increasing omni-

channel revenues). As a result, Group 

gross margin reduced by 490bps to 

marketing investment

Effective investment in marketing 

is an important driver of growth in 

the business. In 2018 investment in 

Group marketing increased by 15% 

to £19.8m (2017: £17.2m). Marketing 

investment in the Core Markets 

increased by 27% to £15.9m (2017: 

£12.6m). The efficiency of marketing 

investment is closely monitored and 

is an important KPI for the business. 

In 2018 Core Markets marketing 

efficiency, defined as marketing 

costs as a percentage of revenues, 

improved by 360bps to 54.3% 

(2017: 57.9%). In the UK&I marketing 

efficiency improved by 840bps to 

46.6% (2017: 55.0%). In France, which 

is at an earlier stage of development 

than the UK, marketing efficiency 

reduced by 1330bps to 79.6% (2017: 

66.3%).

administrative expenses 
(excluding marketing)

52.8% in 2018 (2017: 57.7%). Core 

Wages & Salaries (excluding share-

Markets gross margin (UK&I and 

based payment charges) remain the 

France) reduced by 550bps to 52.7% 

largest component of administrative 

in 2018 (2017: 58.2%).

distribution costs

expenses and increased 20% to 

£5.4m (2017: £4.5m) and making up 

36.8% of administrative expenses 

excluding marketing (2017: 42.6%). 

Other administrative expenses 

Distribution costs as a percentage of 

included £0.8m of staff and country 

revenue reduced by 80bps to 11.6% 

exit costs related to the exit from 

in 2018 (2017: 12.4%), reflecting the 

non-Core Markets in the second half 

exit from European countries and 

of 2018.

increased share of revenue from 

retail, which typically has lower 

distribution costs as shipment is often 

in bulk. 

underlying EBITDA loss 
(earnings before interest, tax, 

depreciation, amortisation, share-

based payments (2017 & 2018), IPO-

related expenditure in 2017, staff and 

23

country exit costs in 2018)

options granted is recognised as 

an expense over the vesting period 

The Directors consider that they 

with a corresponding credit being 

are able to monitor Group financial 

recognised in equity. The charge for 

performance via underlying EBITDA 

2018 was £0.3m (2017: £1.8m).

by removing share-based payment 

charges, IPO-related expenditure and 

staff and country exit costs from EBITDA 

on the basis that these items do not 

occur evenly year on year.

The underlying Group EBITDA loss 

increased by £4.1m to £19.2m in 2018 

(2017: £15.1m loss). The increased loss 

reflects under performance in the first 

half of the year, where Group losses 

increased year-on-year by £6.9m to 

£11.9m. In the second half of the year 

loss after tax

The loss after tax increased to £20.1m 

(2017: £19.0m loss) and underlying 

EBITDA increased to a loss of £19.2m 

(2017: £15.1m loss).

capital expenditure

underlying EBITDA losses reduced 

Due to the Group’s outsourced 

reflecting the decision to focus on the 

business model, capital expenditure 

Core Markets of the UK&I and France 

requirements remain low. The main 

and greater focus on efficiency of 

area of capital expenditure in 2018 

marketing spend.

France is at an earlier stage of 

related to development cost in 

respect of the infrastructure for the 

website platform and ERP systems. 

development for eve compared to 

Total capital expenditure in 2018 was 

UK&I. Its revenue grew 23% to £6.8m 

£0.4m (2017: £0.4m).

(2017: £5.5m) driven mainly by higher 

marketing spend which resulted in a 

loss after distribution, payment fees and 

marketing (before overhead allocation) 

of £3.1m (2017: £1.6m loss).

UK&I performance for the year, 

whilst below original year on year 

expectations, was positive with revenue 

growth of 40% to £22.5m (2017: £16.1m) 

resulted in a loss after distribution, 

payment fees and marketing (before 

overhead allocation) of £0.8m (2017: 

£1.1m loss).

share-based payment

cash position

The Group had net cash of £6.0m at 

the year end (2017: £26.9m). Since 

the year end the Group has raised an 

additional £11.7m (net of expenses) 

from investors through a placing of 

new shares and secured £0.9m in 

future advertising with Channel 4, 

which will be satisfied through the 

issuance of new shares when utilised.

In accordance with IFRS, a share-

Abid Ismail

based payment charge for 2018 has 

Chief Financial Officer

been calculated and charged to the 

11 March 2019

income statement. The fair value of 

24

s t r a t e g i c   r e p o r t

principal risks and 
uncertainties

Risk management is an important part of the management 

process for the Group. Regular reviews are undertaken to 

assess the nature of risks faced, the magnitude of the risk 

presented to business performance and the manner in which 

the risk may be mitigated. Where controls are in place, their 

adequacy is regularly monitored. 

The risks considered to be particularly important at the current time are 
set out below.

marketing

claims or claims against health and 

safety procedures or practices in 

Marketing is an important investment 

different territories. There could also 

area for the Group and there is a risk 

be high return rates owing to the 

that this expenditure may not result 

100 night trial offered on the eve 

in the targeted increase in sales or 

mattress. 

brand awareness levels.

The Group has a robust new product 

eve constantly monitors and analyses 

and supplier onboarding process to 

financial performance and key 

ensure new products and suppliers 

business metrics to ensure up to 

are of the highest standards. The 

date and accurate forecasting. The 

Group also retains insurance brokers 

Group also supplements its

to review and analyse insurance 

in-house marketing expertise with 

coverage to ensure sufficient 

third party media and marketing 

insurance coverage for product 

agencies to monitor and advise on 

liability and associated losses. In 

the effective implementation and 

addition, return rates is a KPI which is 

roll out of marketing and advertising 

monitored closely.

campaigns to meet targeted KPIs.

product

The Group is responsible for the 

design of eve products and could 

face exposure to product liability 

The Group is subject to fluctuations 

in the cost of materials which may 

adversely impact on the Group’s 

profit margins. 

The Group primarily manufactures 

its EU mattress in the EU and its UK 

 
25

mattress in the UK for its main product 

(the eve original mattress), creating 

a hedge against currency movement 

for its key products. For other 

products and markets the Group 

looks to agree prices for a period 

of time where possible to provide 

a degree of certainty on currency 

fluctuations.

operations

brexit

As with all UK companies involved in intra-community 

cross border trade the impact of Brexit is a potential 

risk for the Group. 

The board of directors and senior management 

regularly review developments surrounding Brexit 

throughout the organisation and in addition to this 

the operations team has a dedicated task force 

focused on Brexit planning within the supply and 

logistics chain. The Group has a natural Brexit hedge 

with its UK and French companies and its main 

As the Group is growing rapidly, there 

product, the eve original mattress, is manufactured 

is a reliance on outsourced partners, 

in both the UK and the EU providing a hedge for its 

there is a risk that the business 

most significant product. 

may be unable to cope with rapid 

demand or disruption occurring with 

As with most UK based technology companies, 

its manufacturing or logistics partners. 

eve employs a significant non-UK workforce in the 

The Group has a close working 

relationship with its outsourced 

partners and regularly reviews 

forecasts to ensure capacity 

constraints are managed. In 

addition, the Group maintains a 

UK. Approximately 44% of the Group’s workforce 

in London are non-British employees of which 

approximately 80% of these individuals are EU 

nationals. Therefore the outcome of Brexit with 

regards to freedom of movement will have an effect 

on our workforce planning and recruitment. 

list of alternative suppliers who can 

At present the precise details of Brexit and how it 

be onboarded or switched to very 

relates to freedom of movement between the EU 

quickly, reducing the risk of relying on 

and UK are unknown but the Group continuously 

any specific supplier.

competition

The Group operates in the highly 

competitive mattress and pillow 

industries and may not be able 

to grow, or maintain, its existing 

marketing share.

The Group constantly reviews and 

analyses its performance against its 

business plan and against market 

competitors. The Group has both 

internal talent and external advisors 

who can advise on and respond 

to any changes in the competitive 

monitors the situation to ensure it is as prepared 

as possible for any outcome. The Group is already 

registered as a sponsoring entity with the relevant 

UK authorities and also has a French subsidiary, 

which combined with the expected transitional 

period provides the foundations for mitigating the 

immediate effect of Brexit on the Group with this 

regards.

Approved and signed on behalf of the board

Abid Ismail

Chief Financial Officer

11 March 2019

26

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

Directors’ Governance 
Statement

“As  a  Board,  we  are  pleased  with  the 

progress  we  have  made  on  a  range  of 

corporate governance actions in 2018,”

Dear Shareholders,

As Chairman, my primary roles are 

to run the business of the Board, 

The Board recognises the importance 

ensuring appropriate strategic 

of achieving the highest possible 

focus and direction in the Board’s 

standards of corporate governance.  

discussions, and to facilitate 

Our commitment to good corporate 

relationships and engagement 

governance is based on the 

with shareholders.  I am responsible 

recognition that good governance 

for ensuring that the Group is 

supports Board and management 

appropriately governed and that, 

discussion on identifying and 

as a Group, we embrace not just 

facilitating the drivers of long-term 

the principles of good corporate 

growth; for our Group it allows us to 

governance but also the values that 

take into account the full range of 

underpin those principles.

our stakeholders, including investors, 

employees, customers, and those 

in our supply chain; and facilitates 

constructive discussions between 

the Board and management on the 

Group’s strategic and operational 

priorities, and the ways in which 

these priorities are being delivered 

upon, and on how we build upon our 

unique corporate culture.

27

As a Board, we are pleased with the 

The Board decided in 2018 to 

progress we have made on a range 

formally adopt the QCA Code (the 

of corporate governance actions in 

“Code”), and reported in September 

2018, of which I would particularly 

2018 on the Group’s compliance with 

like to highlight the following:

the Code. The Board was briefed 

on the revisions made to the Code 

•  We have successfully supported 

for the 2019 reporting year, as well 

the onboarding of James 

Sturrock as the Group’s new 

as additional legislation introduced 

by the Government. We remain fully 

Chief Executive Officer, and Nikki 

committed to the principles and spirit 

Crumpton as the Board’s new 

Senior Independent Director;

•  We have carefully reviewed 

the Group’s strategic direction.  

While there have been a number 

of the Code, and disclose both in our 

compliance statement, and in this 

governance statement, on how we 

have applied the Code’s principles.

of difficult strategic decisions to 

Approved and signed on behalf of 

make in 2018, we are as a Board 

the board

truly excited and optimistic about 

the growth opportunities for our 

business in 2019 and beyond.

•  We have received and 

challenged a number of detailed 

updates on a number of our core 

operational functions, including 

product development and 

marketing functions.

Paul Pindar

Chairman

11 March 2019

28

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

board of directors

Paul Pindar 
Chairman of the Board

appointed: November 2016

experience
Paul joined the eve Board in November 2016. Prior to this, 
Paul spent 26 years at Capita Plc, retiring in February 
2014. Paul was one of the UK’s longest serving CEO’s 
of a FTSE100 company. During his tenure, the market 
value of Capita grew to £7.5bn and employee numbers 
grew from 33 to 62,000. Paul is Chairman of and was a 
founder investor in online estate agent Purplebricks which 
originally launched in April 2014 and is now AIM-listed 
on the London Stock Exchange. Paul is also Chairman of 
Literacy Capital Plc, an investment company focussed 
on investing in and supporting early stage and small 
companies whilst also providing charitable funding in 
order to materially improve child literacy in the UK.

committee membership:
Audit Committee (Chair)
Nomination Committee 
Remuneration Committee (Chair)

James Sturrock
Chief Executive Officer 

appointed: September 2018

experience
James joined eve in September 2018 having previously 
been Managing Director of Moonpig, the UK’s leading 
online greetings card, flower and gift company, where he 
delivered four consecutive years of double-digit revenue 
and EBITDA growth, expanded the product offering, and 
led the successful rebranding of the business in 2017. 
Prior to Moonpig, James was part of Direct Line Group 
and formerly Direct Line Insurance for more than seven 
years where he held a number of senior divisional and 
marketing roles across the Group before becoming 
General Manager of Commercial Direct in 2012.

Committee membership
None 

29

Abid Ismail 
Chief Financial Officer

appointed: November 2016 

experience
Abid joined eve in 2016 from Capita Plc, having been 
Chief Financial Officer and then Chief Executive Officer 
of AXELOS Ltd — a joint venture between Capita Plc and 
the UK government. Prior to this Abid held senior positions 
within Capita group as well as Ernst & Young’s M&A team. 
Abid is a Chartered Accountant.

committee membership:
None 

Nikki Crumpton
Senior Independent Non-Executive Director

appointed: September 2018

experience
Nikki joined eve in September 2018. Nikki is founder of 
brand and communications consultancy The Active 
Strategist and has previously held senior roles within 
international agencies including McCann Worldgroup 
where she was Regional Planning Director EMEA, and as 
Chief Strategy Officer for McCann London for seven years.

committee membership:
Audit Committee 
Nomination Committee 
Remuneration Committee

Thomas Enraght-Moony 
Independent Non-Executive Director

appointed: April 2017

experience
Tom joined Eve in April 2017.  Tom is the Chief Customer 
Officer at McArthurGlen, Europe’s leading owner & 
operator of Designer Outlet Malls. Prior to McArthurGlen 
Tom spent over 15 years of experience leading brand 
transformation and growth for tech-enabled consumer 
businesses including Leisure Pass Group, Match.com, 
E*TRADE, AT&T Wireless and Clearwire. He holds an 
undergraduate degree from The University of Glasgow 
and an MBA from INSEAD in France.

committee membership:
Audit Committee
Nomination Committee (Chair)
Remuneration Committee

30

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

corporate governance 
report

The  Board  is  committed  to  achieving  high  standards  of  corporate 

governance, integrity and business ethics, which it believes in turn serve 

to drive growth over the long term. Under the AIM Rules for Companies, 

the Company has decided to apply the QCA Corporate Governance Code 

for  Small  and  Mid-Size  Quoted  Companies  (the  “Code”)  and  provides 

details  to  shareholders,  both  through  this  Annual  Report  and  in  an 

annually  updated  compliance  statement  available  on  the  Company’s 

website, on eve’s compliance with the Code. 

the Board and its committees

The Board has adopted a Board 
Governance document, which sets out 
Board membership and processes alongside 
powers reserved for the Board.  This 
document was last reviewed by the Board in 
February 2019.

The Board is collectively responsible to the 
shareholders for the overall direction and 
control of the company and delegates the 
day to day management of the business 
to the executive directors and senior 
management.

The Board also delegates certain matters 
to its Board committees so that it can 
operate efficiently and give the right level 
of attention and consideration to relevant 
matters. The composition, responsibilities and 
activities of each of the Board Committees 
are set out on pages 30 to 41. The terms of 
reference of each committee are available 
from our website. 

board composition

The Board of Directors hold a variety of skills 
and experience wihtin various backgrounds 

including finance, government services, 
entertainment, retail and consumber services.

The successful delivery of our strategy depends 
upon attracting and retaining the right talent. 
This starts with having a high-quality Board. 
Balance is an important requirement for the 
composition of the Board, not only in terms of 
the number of Executive and Non-executive 
Directors, but also in terms of skill, knowledge 
and expertise each Director brings. 

The Board comprises a non-executive 
chairman, two executive directors and two 
other independent non-executive directors. 
A short biography of each of the directors in 
office at the year end is set out on pages 28 
and 29.

Nikki Crumpton and Thomas Enraght-
Moony are considered by the Board to be 
independent.  The Board are of the opinion 
that both act in an independent and 
objective manner and are free from any 
relationship that could affect their judgement.  
On appointment, our Non-executive Directors 
are provided with a letter of appointment 
that sets out the terms and conditions of their 
directorship, including the fees payable and 
the expected time commitment. Each Non-

31

Executive Director is expected to commit 
approximately 20 days per year to the role.

Notwithstanding any cross-directorships, 
the Board is satisfied that it has a suitable 
balance between independence (of both 
character and judgement) on the one hand, 
and knowledge of the Company on the 
other, to enable it to discharge its duties and 
responsibilities effectively. 

There are effective procedures in place to 
monitor and deal with conflicts of interest, with 
Directors’ other current commitments being 
disclosed at each and every Board meeting. 
As such, the Board is aware of the other 

commitments and interests of its directors, and 
changes to these commitments and interests 
are reported to and, where appropriate, 
agreed with the rest of the Board.  

board and committee meetings

The table below sets out the Board and 
Committee attendance for 2018. Attendance 
is shown as the number of meetings attended 
out of the total number of meetings possible 
for the individual Director during the year.

attendance at Board and Commitee meetings since January 

Paul Pindar

11 of 11

3 of 3

2 of 2

1 of 1

Board 

Audit  

Remuneration 

Committee

Committee

Nomination

Committee

James Sturrock (appointed 10 September 2018)

Abid Ismail

3 of 3

10 of 11

-

-

-

-

-

-

Thomas Enraght-Moony

9 of 11

3 of 3

2 of 2

1 of 1

Nikki Crumpton (appointed 3 September 2018)

3 of 3

1 of 2

0 of 1

Jas Bagniewski (resigned with effect from 29 June 2018)

5 of 6

-

-

- *

-

Peter Hepworth (resigned with effect from 31 August 2018)

7 of 8

1 of 1

1 of 1

1 of 1

* Nikki Crumpton joined the Nomination Committee after the only meeting of 2018.

 
32

If any Directors are unable to attend 
a meeting, they are encouraged to 
communicate their opinions and comments 
on the matters to be considered via the 
Chairman of the Board or the relevant 
committee chairman.

board and committee effectiveness  

The Board continually strives to improve its 
effectiveness and recognises that an annual 
evaluation process is an important tool in 
reaching that goal. The Directors are aware 
of the importance to monitor performance 
through Board evaluation and that feedback 
from these evaluations leads to improving 
Board effectiveness.

We delayed the undertaking of our first 
evaluation due to the introduction of our new 
Directors appointed in 2018 to allow them to 
gain a comprehensive understanding of the 
Company, of our governance structures and 
processes.

Over the next six months, we intend to 
review the performance of the Board and its 
committees by conducting an evaluation via 
detailed questionnaire to assess the strengths 
and independence of the Chairman and 
the Board along with the performance of 
the committees. This questionnaire will be 
completed by all Directors and the results 
of this evaluation will be discussed by the 
Board, the Committees and the Chairman in 
order to seek improvements and reflect on 
performance as a whole.

internal controls and risk management 

The Group has a comprehensive system 
of internal controls in place, designed to 
ensure that risks are mitigated and that the 
Group’s objectives are attained. The Board 
recognises its responsibility to present a fair, 
balanced and understandable assessment 
of the Group’s position and prospects. It is 
accountable for reviewing and approving 
the effectiveness of internal controls 
operated by the Group, including financial, 
operational and compliance controls, and 
risk management. The Board recognises its 
responsibility in respect of the Group’s risk 

management process and system of internal 
control and oversees the activities of the 
Group’s external auditors and the Group’s 
risk management function (supported by the 
Audit Committee). 

A review of the Group’s risk management 
approach is further discussed in the Strategic 
Report on pages 24 and 25. For detail on the 
management and mitigation of each principal 
risk see pages 24 and 25.  

our corporate culture

We believe that our corporate culture serves 
as one of our key competitive advantages.  
We encourage all of our employees at all 
levels of the Group to take responsibility for 
their work and to actively contribute toward 
the development and delivery of our strategy. 

We promote a culture within the Group of 
ethical values and behaviours, and we also 
have a number of due diligence processes 
in place to ensure that all suppliers meet 
our standards and our values.  We have 
internal policies covering a range of ethical 
behaviours, such as an anti-bribery and 
anti-corruption policy and an anti-money 
laundering policy, which serve to promote and 
preserve the right corporate behaviours.

As part of our induction process, new 
employees receive training on all corporate 
policies and the expectations of the Company 
when it comes to ethical values and 
behaviours and this is refreshed on a regular 
basis for all employees.  

We have an active programme of employee 
engagement, including regular employee 
engagement surveys, throughout the year.  
Such engagement shapes both the way in 
which we develop our products and deliver 
services.  We also have a whistleblowing policy 
and hotline available for all employees.

In 2018, there were no instances of the 
anti-bribery and anti-corruption policy or 
whistleblowing policy being invoked.

In respect of our forthcoming priorities for 
2019, the Board will be actively engaging 
with the ongoing development of our culture 

33

Our engagement with stakeholders

The Board places due weight on stakeholder 
awareness and engagement. It assesses 
stakeholders according to the definition of 
stakeholders set out in the Global Reporting 
Initiative (Standard 101 paragraph 1.1) as 
organisations or individuals who have “a 
reasonable expectation of being significantly 
affected” by the Group’s activities or 
products.

In addition to our shareholders, the Board 
has identified the Group’s other major 
stakeholders, and approved a strategy for 
engaging with these groups. as follows:

and considering the development of metrics 
for measuring and monitoring culture and 
employee engagement.

relations with shareholders

We are committed to communicating openly 
with its shareholders to ensure that its strategy 
and performance are clearly understood. We 
communicate with shareholders through the 
Annual Report and Accounts, full-year and 
half-year announcements, trading updates 
and the annual general meeting (AGM); and 
we encourage shareholders’ participation in 
face-to-face meetings. A range of corporate 
information (including all announcements and 
presentations) is also available to shareholders, 
investors and the public on our corporate 
website, at https://investor.evesleep.co.uk  

Stakeholder

Channel of engagement 

Employees

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Quarterly performance reviews;

Weekly feedback exercises;

Exit interviews;

Mental health awareness and training and employee support; and

Continuing personal development plans.

Local communities

through selective partnerships and the regular review of additional ways it can provide support to the local 

The Company has a range of initiatives including volunteer days for employees, support of relevant charities 

community and relevant charitable organisations.

Key suppliers

Regular meetings and reviews with key contact within Company and senior management team.

Key partners

Regular meetings with partnership managers and continuous review of partnership generally.

34

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

audit committee report

committee composition

The Committee comprises Paul Pindar (Chair), 
Nikki Crumpton and Thomas Enraght-Moony.

carried out the review the Committee is 
satisfied with the Auditor’s performance, 
objectivity and independence.

committee responsibilities

The main responsibilities of the Audit Commit-
tee are:

•  Monitoring the integrity of the financial 

statements;

•  Reviewing the Company’s internal con-

trol arrangements and risk management 
systems;

•  Making recommendations to the Board as 
regards the appointment, re-appointment 
and removal of the Company’s external 
auditor;

•  Overseeing the relationship with the exter-

nal auditor. 

The Terms of Reference for the Audit Com-
mittee are available on our website:  https://
investor.evesleep.co.uk/corporate-govern-
ance#committee-composition.

 These were last reviewed and approved by 
the Board on 18 December 2018.

objectivity and independence of the 
external audit process

It is the Committee’s responsibility to 
monitor the performance, objectivity and 
independence of the Auditor and this is 
evaluated by the Committee each year. In 
evaluating their performance, the Committee 
examines five main criteria – robustness of the 
audit process, independence and objectivity, 
quality of delivery, quality of people and 
service, and value-added advice. Having 

key activities in 2018  

The main focus of the Committee in 2018 
has been to review and recommend the 
reappointment of the Company’s external 
auditor and approve the 2017 full year results. 
The Committee also assessed the Company’s 
risk management system and the risk register 
and conducted an annual review of the 
Committee’s Terms of Reference.

statement on going concern

Going Concern statement
We have also had careful regard over the year 
to changes to:

•  the Group’s principal risks and uncertain-
ties, including those that will threaten our 
business model, future performance and 
solvency or liquidity, and the way in which 
those risks and uncertainties are managed; 
and

•  the current financial and operational po-
sition of the Group, including future cash 
flows and capital allocation, allocated 
capital expenditure and funding require-
ments.

On that basis, the Committee’s opinion 
continues to be that it remains appropriate to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing 
the Group’s financial statements.

KPMG LLP was appointed as our Group 
statutory auditor in 2015 ahead of our listing 
on AIM market, following a competitive tender 
process. The Group will be required to put the 
external audit contract out to tender no later 
than 2025.

35

significant issues considered in 
relation to the financial statements

The most significant issues the Committee 
considered in relation to the financial 
statements concerned are shown below:

Significant Risk

What

Actions taken

Revenue recognition

Fraud risk related to misstatement of revenues

Share based payment charges

Risk of error in valuation and vesting likelihood

Inventory valuation and existence

Risk of error in stock costing and provisioning

Management override of controls

Fraud risk related to unpredictable way 

management override of controls may occur

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Engagement with KPMG as external auditors

Regular reports from management on risk 

management processes in place

Engagement with KPMG as external auditors

Regular reports from management on risk 

management processes in place

Engagement with KPMG as external auditors

Regular reports from management on risk 

management processes in place

Engagement with KPMG as external auditors

Regular reports from management on risk 

management processes in place

36

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

audit committee  
report (continued)

external audit effectiveness

We have an established framework for 
assessing the effectiveness of the external 
audit process. This includes:

•  a review of the audit plan, including the 
materiality level set by the auditors and 
the process they have adopted to identify 
financial statement risks and key areas of 
audit focus;

•  regular communications between the 

external auditor and both the Committee 
and management, including discussion of 
regular reports prepared by KPMG;

•  regular discussions with KPMG (without 

management present) and management 
(without KPMG present) in order to discuss 
the external audit process; and

•  a review of the final audit report, noting the 
conclusions reached by the auditors and 
the reasoning behind such conclusions.

We are confident that the evaluation 
process is effective, allowing for an objective 
assessment against the principal focus areas. 
After carefully considering the outcome of the 
above review, we concluded, in conjunction 
with management, and reported to the Board 
that in our opinion:

•  the audit team was sound and reliable;

•  the quality of the audit service provided 

was of a high standard;

•  that KPMG continued to remain independ-

ent and objective;

•  that KPMG was effectively able to chal-
lenge management when required; and

•  that productive discussions were held with 
the Committee throughout the audit plan-
ning process.

External auditor independence

The Committee has undertaken a formal 
assessment of KPMG’s independence, which 
included a review of: a report from KPMG 
describing their arrangements to identify, 
report and manage any conflicts of interest; 
their policies and procedures for maintaining 
independence and monitoring compliance 
with relevant requirements; and the value of 
non-audit services provided by KPMG.

KPMG have confirmed that they believe 
they remained independent throughout the 
year, within the meaning of the regulations 
on this matter and in accordance with their 
professional standards.

37

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

nomination committee

committee composition

The Committee comprises Thomas Enraght-
Moony (Chair), Paul Pindar and Nikki 
Crumpton.

committee responsibilities

The Terms of Reference for the Nomination 
Committee are available on our website:  
https://investor.evesleep.co.uk/corporate-
governance#committee-
composition

These were last reviewed and approved by 
the Board on 18 December 2018.

The main responsibilities of the Nomination  
Committee are:

key activities in 2018  

•  Reviewing the size structure and composi-

tion of the Board;

•  Considering succession plans for Directors 

and senior management ;

•  Satisfying itself that plans are in place for 

orderly succession for appointments to the 
Board;

•  Identifying and nominating to the Board 

candidates for Board vacancies.

The main focus of the Committee 
in 2018 has been to review the size, 
structure and composition of the Board 
and Board Committees to ensure these 
remained appropriate. The Committee 
also conducted an annual review of the 
Committee Terms of Reference.

 
38

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

remuneration report

As Chairman of the Remuneration Committee, 
I am pleased to introduce the Directors’ 
Remuneration Report. 

Over the year, we have had to consider 
major remuneration issues, arising from wider 
strategic changes in our business, and the 
changes in our executive team:

•  the total individual remuneration package 
of each executive including bonuses and 
benefits in cash or in kind, base salary, 
pension arrangements, incentive payments 
and share options or other share awards; 
and

•  changes to the Group’s share incentive 

scheme.

We continue to believe that the remuneration 
structure, both for those at senior 
management level and throughout the Group 
more widely, is structured in such a way that 
it supports our strategy and organisational 
culture and serves to incentivise and reward 
performance in the long-term.

As a Committee, we will continue to focus 
on ensuring that our pay structure is the right 
one for eve going forward and look forward 
to reporting on progress in our next Annual 
Report.

composition

The Remuneration Committee comprises three 
non-executive directors:  Paul Pindar (Chair), 
Thomas Enraght-Moony and Nikki Crumpton.

Members of the management team are 
invited to attend meetings as appropriate, 
unless there is an actual or potential conflict of 
interest.

responsibilities

The role of the Committee is to assist the 
Board to fulfil its responsibility to shareholders 
to ensure that the remuneration policy and 
practices of the Group reward fairly and 
responsibly, with a clear link to corporate and 
individual performance, having regard to 
statutory and regulatory requirements.

The Terms of Reference for the Remuneration 
Committee are available on our website:  
https://investor.evesleep.co.uk/corporate-
governance#committee-composition. These 
were last reviewed and approved by the 
Board on 18 December 2018.

key activities in 2018

The main focus of the Committee in 2018 has 
been to review proposals around Executive 
Directors’ remuneration arrangements for 2019 
and scrutinise management bonus scheme 
proposals.  The Committee will continue to 
focus in 2019 on ensuring that executive 
remuneration and shareholder interests remain 
closely aligned.

remuneration policy

The Company’s policy is that the remuneration 
package of the Executive Directors should 
be sufficiently competitive to attract, retain 
and motivate those directors to achieve 
the Company’s objectives without making 
excessive payments. The Board determines 
the terms and conditions of the Non-Executive 
directors.

39

fixed remuneration elements

Purpose

How it operates

Maximum opportunity

Performance-related  

framework

salary/fees

Reflects an individual’s 

Reviewed annually, normally 

There is no prescribed 

The performance of the 

responsibilities, experience 

with effect from 1 January, 

maximum annual base 

individual in the period since 

and performance in their 

with any changes taking 

salary or salary increase.

the last review is considered 

role.

effect from that date. 

The Committee is guided 

when their salary is being 

Salaries are normally paid 

by the general increase 

reviewed.

monthly.

for the broader employee 

population but has discretion 

Decisions on salary 

to decide to award a 

levels are influenced 

lower or higher increase to 

by:  responsibilities, 

Executive Directors.

abilities, experience and 

performance of an individual 

the performance of the 

individual in the period 

since the last review the 

Company’s salary and pay 

structures and general

workforce salary increases.

pension

To contribute financially post 

Defined contribution 

The Company may 

Not applicable.

retirement.

arrangement.

contribute up to 1% of base 

Only base salary is 

salary.

pensionable.

The Committee has 

Employees may opt out of 

discretion to amend the 

the scheme.

contribution level should 

market conditions change.

variable remuneration elements

Purpose

How it operates

Maximum opportunity

Performance-related 

framework

share plan

Supports the strategy and 

Awards of share options 

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

business plan by incentivising 

to certain employees, 

and retaining the eve senior 

which normally vest 

management team in a way 

after three years subject 

that is aligned both with 

to the achievement of 

the Company’s long-term 

performance conditions.

financial performance 

and with the interests of 

shareholders.

To support the personal 

Benefits include private 

There is no overall maximum 

Not applicable.

other benefits

health and wellbeing of 

medical insurance and 

level of benefits provided 

employees. To reflect and 

discount on eve products.

to Executive Directors, 

support the Company’s 

culture.

and the level of some of 

these benefits is not pre-

determined but may vary 

from year to year based 

on the overall cost to the 

Company.

40

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

remuneration 
report (continued)

Directors’ remuneration table
The remuneration of the Directors for the year to 31 December 2018 is set out in the table 

below.

Director

Appointed

Resigned

Salary / fees

£

Pension

£

2018

2017

2018

2017

Compensation 

for loss of office

£

2018

Total remuneration 

£

2018

2017

Executive 

Directors

James Sturrock

10 

N/A

 54,615 

 -   

 269 

 -   

 -   

 54,884 

 -   

September 

2018

Abid Ismail

2016

2 November 

N/A

 140,000 

 130,000 

 703 

Jas Bagniewski

6 January 

29 June 

 76,308 

 132,708 

 315 

2015

2018

Non-Executive 

Directors

Paul Pindar

21 November 

N/A

 30,000 

 25,000 

 -   

2016

Nikki Crumpton

3 September 

N/A

 10,000 

 -   

 160 

2018

28 April 2017

N/A

 30,000 

 20,115 

 -   

 98 

 98 

 -   

 -   

 -   

 -   

 140,703 

 130,098 

 150,000 

 226,623 

 132,806 

 -   

 -   

 -   

 30,000 

 25,000 

 10,160 

 -   

 30,000 

 20,115 

Thomas Enraght-

Moony

Peter Hepworth

28 April 2017

31 August 

 27,500 

 17,500 

 -   

 -   

 -   

 27,500 

 17,500 

2018

There were no bonuses, long term incentives or other income awarded to directors. 

Details of directors interest in share plans is shown on the following page and details of the 

share-based payment charge attributable to directors is shown in note 6.

Private medical insurance was provided to James Sturrock, Abid Ismail and Jas Bagniewski. 

41

Directors interest in share plans
The Directors who held office at 31 December 2018 had the following interests in the share plans 

of the Group.

Director

Date of 

Grant

As at 31 

As at 31 

December 

December 

2018 
(no. of 

options)

2017 
(no. of 

options)

Performance 

conditions

Exercise Price 
(pence)

n/a

-

-

-

N/A

James Sturrock
(Executive Director)

Abid Ismail
(Executive Director)

Paul Pindar
(Non-executive Director)

Nikki Crumpton
(Non-executive Director)

Thomas Enraght-Moony
(Non-executive Director)

12 May 2017

389,843

389,843

n/a

n/a

-

-

-

-

12 May 2017

99,000

99,000

Jas Bagniewski (resigned)
(former Executive Director)

12 May 2017

Peter Hepworth (resigned)
(former Executive Director)

12 May 2017

-

-

597,000

99,000

Length of 

service

-

-

Length of 

service

Length of 

service

Length of 

service

101.2p

N/A

N/A

101.2p

101.2p

101.2p

No directors exercised share options during 2018 therefore no gain on option exercise is 
presented here nor in note 6 to the financial statements.

Directors shareholdings
The Directors who held office at 31 December 2018 had the following interests in the shares of 

the Group.

Director

James Sturrock
(Executive Director)

Abid Ismail
(Executive Director)

Paul Pindar
(Non-executive Director)

Nikki Crumpton
(Non-executive Director)

Thomas Enraght-Moony
(Non-executive Director)

Jas Bagniewski (resigned)
(former Executive Director)

Peter Hepworth (resigned)
(former Executive Director)

Beneficially owned at 31 

Beneficially owned at 31 

December 2018
(no. of shares)

December 2017
(no. of shares)

 52,750 

-

 4,151,841

4,151,841

 6,527,126

6,287,927

-

-

-

-

 8,441,668 

9,341,668

-

-

42

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

statement of directors’ responsibilities 
in respect of the annual report and the 
financial statements

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the 

Group  and  parent  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 

applicable law and regulations.

The directors are responsible for keeping 
adequate accounting records that are sufficient 
to show and explain the parent Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable 
accuracy at any time the financial position 
of the parent Company and enable them to 
ensure that its financial statements comply with 
the Companies Act 2006.  They are responsible 
for such internal control as they determine 
is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and 
have general responsibility for taking such steps 
as are reasonably open to them to safeguard 
the assets of the Group and to prevent and 
detect fraud and other irregularities.  

Under applicable law and regulations, the 
directors are also responsible for preparing a 
Strategic Report and a Directors’ Report that 
complies with that law and those regulations. 

The directors are responsible for the 
maintenance and integrity of the corporate and 
financial information included on the company’s 
website.  Legislation in the UK governing the 
preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements may differ from legislation in other 
jurisdictions.

Company law requires the directors to 
prepare Group and parent Company financial 
statements for each financial year.  Under the 
AIM Rules of the London Stock Exchange they 
are required to prepare the Group financial 
statements in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted 
by the EU (IFRSs as adopted by the EU) and 
applicable law and they have elected to 
prepare the parent Company financial 
statements on the same basis. 

Under company law the directors must not 
approve the financial statements unless they 
are satisfied that they give a true and fair view 
of the state of affairs of the Group and parent 
Company and of their profit or loss for that 
period.  In preparing each of the Group and 
parent Company financial statements, the 
directors are required to:

•  select suitable accounting policies and 

then apply them consistently;

•  make judgments and accounting estimates 
that are reasonable, relevant and reliable;

•  state whether they have been prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
EU;

•  assess the Group and parent Company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern, 
disclosing, as applicable, matters related 
to going concern; and  

•  use the going concern basis of accounting 
unless they either intend to liquidate the 
Group or the parent Company or to cease 
operations, or have no realistic alternative 
but to do so. 

43

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

directors’ report

The Corporate Governance Report approved by the Board is provided on 

pages 26 to 33 and incorporated by reference into this Directors’ Report.

information contained elsewhere in this 
Annual Report 

significant events since the end of the 
financial year

Information required to be included in this 
Directors’ Report can be found elsewhere in the 
Annual Report as indicated in the table below 
and is incorporated into this report by reference:

Information

future developments

going concern statement

risk management and principle risks

corporate governance statement

Information on the Group’s financial risk
management objectives and policies,
and its exposure to credit risk, liquidity
risk, interest rate risk, foreign currency
risk and financial instruments

Page(s)

15

56 - 57

24 - 25

42

74

On 11 February 2019, the Company 
completed a placing of 120,317,323 new 
ordinary shares of 0.1 pence each (“Ordinary 
Shares”) in the share capital of the Company 
(the “Placing Shares”) at a price of 10 pence 
per Placing Share (the “Placing Price”) to raise 
approximately £11.7m net of expenses (the 
“Placing”) from existing and new investors.  

In addition Channel Four, which provides 
advertising services to the Company and 
is an existing Shareholder, has agreed that 
£0.9 million of future advertising spend by 
the Company with Channel Four will, when 
payable, be satisfied by the issue of new 
Ordinary Shares at the Placing Price over 
a period of up to twenty four months from 
Admission. 

presence outside of UK

the company has the following subsidiaries 
outside of the UK

eve Sleep 
SASU

eve Sleep Inc

Principal place of 

5 Rue Des 

business / registered 

Suisses, 75014, 

office address

Paris

185 W. Broadway, 

Suite 101, PO Box 

1150, Jackson, 

USA

Registered number

823397419 

R.C.S Paris

EIN 47-4164566

Ownership 2018

100%

100%

 
 
44

going concern

The financial statements are prepared on a 
going concern basis notwithstanding that 
the group is competing and disrupting an 
established market and as is typical for a 
business at this stage of its lifecycle is still 
generating losses as it uses working capital to 
develop the business model and market share.

The Group has reported an operating loss of 
£20.3m (2017: £19.0m) with an operating cash 
outflow of £20.5m (2017: £18.1m). The closing 
cash balance at 31 December 2018 was 
£6.0m however, since the end of the Accounts 
Period, the Group completed a share placing 
to raise approximately £11.7m before expenses 
(the “Placing”) from existing and new investors 
and £0.9m of future advertising spend credits. 
The closing cash balance at 28 February 2019 
was £17.8m.

The directors have set out the three core 
pillars of the re-build strategy in the Chief 
Executive’s statement and have prepared a 
strategic plan in order to grow the business in 
the re-focused markets of UK&I and France. 
The plan is supported by a financial model, 
underpinned by a number of key business 
drivers.  The business plan assumes continuing 
improvement in 2019 over those observed 
in 2018 for the majority of these drivers. The 
principle assumptions adopted in the forecast 
model which reflect these improvements are 
set out below:

•  Revenue growth driven primarily by Web-
site traffic growth and Conversion rate 
improvements;

•  Marketing expenditure reduction over the 
prior year and more targeted spend mov-
ing forward.

To support the strategic plan the directors 
have prepared cash flow forecasts covering 
a period of more than 12 months from 
the date of approval of these financial 
statements. These forecasts in the base case 
indicate that the group will have sufficient 
funds to meet its liabilities as they fall due 
until such point that it achieves sustainable 
profitability and cash generation. However, 
the delivery of the strategic plan is subject to 
uncertainty and these have been modelled 
through sensitivity analysis.  Where sensitivity 
analysis indicates the possibility of a material 
impact to the ability of the group to meet 
liabilities as they fall due, the directors have 
considered what mitigating actions would 
be required and the timeframe within which 
those actions are needed. The key mitigating 
factors are centred around further reductions 
in controllable spend, including further 
marketing cost appraisal and reductions 
in other categories of discretionary spend.   
The directors also consider that it would 
be reasonable to target working capital 
improvements such as reducing days through 
lower stock levels and reducing debtor days 
through facilities such as debt factoring as the 
group does not presently have any debt.

Uncertainties are such that potential mitigating 
actions, which would be over and above the 
current strategic plan, may not be sufficient to 
mitigate all reasonably possible downsides in 
assumptions. In such downsides the Directors 
would need further funding and would 
consider ways of sourcing this, which could 
include debt or possible further equity funding.  
The Directors consider that such scenarios are 
possible, but not the likely outcome.

45

Based on the above, the directors believe it 
remains appropriate to prepare the financial 
statements on a going concern basis. However, 
these circumstances represent a material 
uncertainty that may cast significant doubt 
upon the company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern and, therefore to continue 
realising its assets and discharging its liabilities 
in the normal course of business. The financial 
statements do not include any adjustments that 
would result from the basis of preparation being 
inappropriate.

dividends

The directors do not recommend the payment of 
a dividend.    

political donations

auditor

KPMG LLP was appointed as auditor and is 
willing to continue in office. In accordance 
with s489(4) of the Companies Act 2006 a 
resolution for their reappointment will be 
proposed at the forthcoming Annual General 
Meeting.

statement on disclosure of information to 
auditors

The directors confirm that, so far as each is 
aware, there is no relevant audit information 
of which the Group’s auditors are unaware. 
Each of the directors has taken all the 
steps he should have taken as a director to 
make himself aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the Group’s 
auditors are aware of that information.

No political donations have been made during 
this financial year.

articles of association

strategic report

eve Sleep’s Articles of Association can only 
be amended by special resolution and are 
available on our website.

This is set out on pages 10 to 25 of the Annual 
Report and includes an indication of likely future 
developments, and forms part of this Directors’ 
Report.

environment

The Group is committed to minimising 
the environmental impact of its business 
operations and seeks to actively manage its 
carbon footprint. As we continue to grow, we 
will continue to ensure that our business model 
and operations are set up in such a way as 
to limit carbon emissions in the course of our 
business in areas such as energy efficienty, 
waste, recycling, emissions and transport, and 
we will work with all those in our supply chain 
to ensure that their procedures and processes 
promote sustainable practices.

research and development

The Group undertakes a continuous programme 
of development expenditure.  Development 
expenditure is capitalised only when the end 
product is technically and commercially feasible 
and when sufficient resource is available to 
complete the development, as disclosed in note 
10 to the accounts. 

corporate social responsibility
equality, diversity and rights

We have a strong commitment to equality and 
opportunity in our employment policies and 
practices in the workplace. As prescribed by 
law, we commit that no existing or potential 
employee will receive less favourable treatment 
due to their race, creed, nationality, colour, 
ethnic origin, sexual orientation, gender, gender 
reassignment, marital status, membership of a 
trade union, disability, or any other criteria.

46

directors

annual general meeting

Details of the directors as at the date of this 
report are set out on pages 28 and 29.

The interests of the directors and their closely 
associated persons in the share capital of 
the Company, along with details of directors’ 
share options and awards, are contained in 
the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 
40 to 41. At no time during the year did any of 
the directors have a material interest in any 
significant contract with eve Sleep plc.  

share capital

The issued share capital of the Company at 
31 December 2018 was 139,735,161 ordinary 
shares of £0.001. Full details of the issued 
share capital, together with the details of 
shares issued during the year to 31 December 
2018, are shown in Note 16 to the financial 
statements.

The Annual General Meeting of the Company 
will be held at 10am on Thursday 2 May 
2019 at Norton Rose Fulbright offices, 3 More 
London Riverside, London, SE1 2AQ. The Notice 
of Meeting has been sent to shareholders 
along with this Annual Report. 

Approved and signed on behalf of the Board

Paul Pindar
Chairman
11 March 2019

47

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

independent auditor’s report  
to the members of eve Sleep plc

1. Our opinion is unmodified

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with 
International Standards on Auditing (UK) (“ISAs 
(UK)”) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
are described below. We have fulfilled our 
ethical responsibilities under, and are 
independent of the Group in accordance with, 
UK ethical requirements including the FRC Ethical 
Standard as applied to listed entities. We believe 
that the audit evidence we have obtained is a 
sufficient and appropriate basis for our opinion.

Overview

Materiality: Group 
financial statements as 
a whole

£0.34m (2017: £0.25m)
0.9% (2017: 1%) of revenue

Coverage

100% (2017:100%) of group revenue

Key audit matters

vs 2017

Event Driven

Going Concern

The impact of 
uncertainties 
due to the UK 
exiting the
European Union 
on our audit

5

5

Recurring risks

Provision for 
returns

34

We have audited the financial statements of 
eve Sleep PLC (“the Company”) for the year 
ended 31 December 2018 which comprise the 
Consolidated statement of profit and loss and 
other comprehensive income, Consolidated 
statement of financial position, Consolidated 
statement of changes in equity, Consolidated 
statement of cash flows, Company statement 
of financial position, Company statement of 
changes in equity, Company statement of 
cash flows, and the related notes, including 
the accounting policies in note 2.

In our opinion: 

•  the financial statements give a true and 

fair view of the state of the Group’s and of 
the parent Company’s affairs as at 31 De-
cember 2018 and of the Group’s loss for the 
year then ended;

•  the group financial statements have been 
properly prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards 
as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs 
as adopted by the EU);

•  the parent Company financial statements 
have been properly prepared in accord-
ance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU and 
as applied in accordance with the provi-
sions of the Companies Act 2006; and

•  the financial statements have been pre-
pared in accordance with the require-
ments of the Companies Act 2006.

48

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

independent auditor’s report to the 
members of eve Sleep plc (continued)

2. Material uncertainty related to going concern

The risk

Our Reponse

Going concern 

Disclosure quality 
Group and parent company 

Our procedures included:  

The financial statements explain how the 
Board has formed a judgement that it is 
appropriate to adopt the going concern 
basis of preparation for the Group and 
parent company. 

That judgement is based on an 
evaluation of the inherent risks to the 
Group’s and Company’s re-build 
strategy and forecast cash flows, 
principally any failure to successfully 
grow revenue at the projected rate 
whilst reducing marketing expenditure, 
and how these risks (including the impact 
of Brexit) might affect the Group’s and 
Company’s financial resources or ability 
to continue operations over a period of 
at least a year from the date of approval 
of the financial statements and until the 
Group achieves cash generation. 

The risk for our audit is whether or not 
those risks are such that they amount 
to a material uncertainty that may 
cast significant doubt about the ability 
to continue as a going concern. If so, 
that fact is required to be disclosed 
(as has been done) and, along with a 
description of the circumstances, is a key 
financial statement disclosure. 

We draw attention to note 2.4 to 
the financial statements which 
indicates that there is a material 
uncertainty relating to the Group 
and Parent Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern. 

The Group has reported an 
operating cash outflow of £20.6m 
for the year to 31 December 
2018 with cash on hand as at 
that date of £6m. The Group 
has set out a re-build strategy 
to grow revenue whilst reducing 
marketing expenditure. The 
Directors’ forecasts underpinning 
this strategy indicate that the 
group will have sufficient funds to 
meet its liabilities as they fall due 
until such point that it achieves 
sustainable cash generation. 
However, the projections are 
subject to uncertainty and 
not wholly within the Group’s 
control. In downside scenarios, 
where these forecasts are 
not achieved, the Group will 
consider further reductions in 
marketing expenditure and other 
cost saving measures. However 
reasonably possible downside 
outcomes could result in the 
Group and company needing 
to seek further funding. These 
events and conditions, along 
with the other matters explained 
in note 2.4, constitute a material 
uncertainty that may cast 
significant doubt on the group’s 
and the parent company’s 
ability to continue as a going 
concern. 

Our opinion is not modified in 
respect of this matter. 

Historical comparisons: Evaluated the track record of 
assumptions used versus actual results in order to assess the 
historical accuracy of the group’s forecasting process. Key 
assumptions evaluated included the assessment of expected 
revenue growth for the forecast period and the relationship of 
key direct costs and marketing to revenue. 

Key dependency assessment: assessing the Group’s cash flow 
model to identify key inputs for further enquiry. The key inputs 
included: Revenue growth, marketing expenditure, the impact of 
Brexit on the supply chain and gross profit margin percentage. 

Sensitivity analysis: We considered sensitivities over the level 
of available financial resources indicated by the Group’s 
financial forecasts taking account of reasonably possible (but 
not unrealistic) adverse effects that could arise from these key 
dependencies individually and collectively. 

Performing sensitivity analysis on the revenue growth, marketing 
expenditure, the impact of Brexit on the supply chain and gross 
profit margin percentage assumptions in the forecast to identify 
whether reasonably plausible adverse scenarios could exhaust 
available resources. 

Our sector experience: Critically assessed the directors’ going 
concern assessment, including the feasibility of forecasts and 
the level of downside sensitivities applied, challenging key 
assumptions in the forecast by comparing them to actual past 
performance of the entity, our knowledge of the business, the 
market and key changes in the business that have occurred 
during the current financial year. In particular, we challenged the 
forecast decrease in forecasted marketing spend, the change 
in marketing strategy and the ability of the Group to generate 
brand awareness and required level of interest in the Group to 
generate sales. 

Evaluating directors’ intent: We evaluated the achievability of 
the actions the Directors consider they would take to improve the 
position should the risks materialise. This included consideration of 
committed marketing spend and management’s ability to adjust 
this in line with cash availability. 

Assessing transparency: Assessing the completeness and 
accuracy of the matters covered in the going concern disclosure 
by critically assessing the disclosures in respect of going concern 
within the financial statements our knowledge of the relevant 
facts and circumstances developed during our audit work, 
considering economic outlook, key areas of uncertainty and 
mitigations plans and actions by management to respond to 
these risks. 

 
49

directing the efforts of the engagement team. 
These matters were addressed in the context 
of our audit of the financial statements as a 
whole, and in forming our opinion thereon,
and we do not provide a separate opinion on 
these matters. Going concern is a significant 
key audit matter and is described in section 
2 of our report. In arriving at our audit opinion 
above, the other key audit matters were
as follows:

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

3. Other key audit matters: including 
our assessment of risks of material 
misstatement

Key audit matters are those matters that, in 
our professional judgement, were of most 
significance in the audit of the financial 
statements and include the most significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) identified by
us, including those which had the greatest 
effect on: the overall audit strategy; the 
allocation of resources in the audit; and 

The risk

Our Reponse

The impact of uncertainties 
due to the UK exiting the 
European Union on our audit

Unprecedented levels of
uncertainty 
Group and parent company 

We developed a standardised firm-wide approach to the 
consideration of the uncertainties arising from Brexit in planning 
and performing our audits. Our procedures included: 

Refer to page 25 (principal risks),
page 56 (accounting policy).

Provision for returns 
(Consolidated: Provision for 
Returns £0.8m; 2017:£0.8m) 

Refer to page 35 (Audit 
Committee Report) and note 
2.16 on page 60 (accounting 
policy) 

All audits assess and challenge the 
reasonableness of estimates and related 
disclosures and the appropriateness of 
the going concern basis of preparation 
of the financial statements (see above). 
All of these depend on assessments 
of the future economic environment 
and the Group’s future prospects and 
performance. 

Brexit is one of the most significant 
economic events for the UK and at the 
date of this report its effects are subject 
to unprecedented levels of uncertainty 
of outcomes, with the full range of 
possible effects unknown. 

Our Brexit knowledge: We considered the directors’ assessment 
of Brexit-related sources of risk for the Group’s business and 
financial resources compared with our own understanding of 
the risks. We considered the directors’ plans to take action to 
mitigate the risks. 

Sensitivity analysis: When addressing going concern and other 
areas that depend on forecasts, we compared the directors’ 
analysis to our assessment of the full range of reasonably 
possible scenarios resulting from Brexit uncertainty and, where 
forecast cash flows are required to be discounted, considered 
adjustments to discount rates for the level of remaining 
uncertainty. 

Assessing transparency: As well as assessing individual 
disclosures as part of our procedures on going concern we 
considered all of the Brexit related disclosures together, including 
those in the strategic report, comparing the overall picture 
against our understanding of the risks. 

However, no audit should be expected to predict the 
unknowable factors or all possible future implications for a 
company and this is particularly the case in relation to Brexit. 

Subjective estimate 
Group and parent company 

The Group has one main source of 
income which relates to the sale of 
goods. The sale of goods is recognised 
on delivery, with customers having the 
right to return the goods within 100 
days for a full refund. A provision is 
recognised for expected returns post 
year-end, which is subject to estimation 
uncertainty. 

The effect of these matters is that, as part 
of our risk assessment, we determined 
that the provision for returns has a high 
degree of estimation uncertainty, with a 
potential range of reasonable outcomes 
greater than our materiality for the 
financial statements as a whole. The 
financial statements (note 2.20) disclose 
the sensitivity estimated by the Group. 

Benchmarking assumptions: We challenged the key 
assumptions used in sales return provision calculation, in 
particular the percentage rate of return applied by comparing 
the year end provision to actual 2018 sales returns in 2019. 

Methodology choice: We critically assessed the methodology 
applied to calculate the returns provision by comparing whether 
this is reasonable based on our knowledge of the business, the 
market and key changes in the business that have occurred 
during the current financial year. We compared the rate of return 
applied with the average rate of return for 2018 for sales where 
the 100 day period has lapsed. 

Historical comparisons: We considered the historical accuracy 
of the Group’s previous provision estimates by comparing 
the prior year provision recorded to actual returns in the 2018 
financial year. 

Assessing transparency: We considered the adequacy of the 
Group’s disclosures in respect of provision for sales returns. 

50

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

independent auditor’s report to the 
members of eve Sleep plc (continued)

We continue to perform procedures over the 
accounting for eve Sleep plc’s share option 
scheme. However, given that there has been 
no significant issue of new share options during 
the year that would be subject to valuation 
and estimation uncertainty, we have not 
assessed this as one of the most significant risks 
in our current year audit and, therefore, it is 
not separately identified in our report this year. 

4. Our application of materiality and an 
overview of the scope of our audit 

Materiality for the Group financial statements 
as a whole was set at £0.34m (2017: £0.25m), 
determined with reference to a benchmark 
of Group revenue of £34.8m (2017: £27.7m), 
of which it represents 0.9% (2017: 1%). We 
consider total revenue to be the most 
appropriate benchmark as it provides a more 
stable measure year on year than Group loss 
before tax. 

Materiality for the parent company financial 
statements as a whole was set at £0.24m 
(2017: £0.18m), determined with reference to 
a benchmark of company total revenue of 
£27.2m (2017: £16.1m), of which it represents 
0.9% (2017: 1%). 

We agreed to report to the Audit Committee 
any corrected or uncorrected identified 
misstatements exceeding £0.017m (2017: 
£0.013m), in addition to other identified 
misstatements that warranted reporting on 
qualitative grounds. 

The Group team performed the audit of the 
Group as if it was a single aggregated set of 
financial information. The audit was performed 
using the materiality levels set out above 

5. We have nothing to report on the other 
information in the Annual Report 

The directors are responsible for the other 
information presented in the Annual Report 
together with the financial statements. Our 
opinion on the financial statements does not 
cover the other information and, accordingly, 
we do not express an audit opinion or, 
except as explicitly stated below, any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon. 

Our responsibility is to read the other 
information and, in doing so, consider whether, 
based on our financial statements audit work, 
the information therein is materially misstated 
or inconsistent with the financial statements 
or our audit knowledge. Based solely on 
that work we have not identified material 
misstatements in the other information. 

Strategic report and directors’ report 

Based solely on our work on the other 
information: 

•  we have not identified material misstate-

ments in the strategic report and the direc-
tors’ report; 

•  in our opinion the information given in 

those reports for the financial year is con-
sistent with the financial statements; and 

•  in our opinion those reports have been pre-
pared in accordance with the Companies 
Act 2006. 

6. We have nothing to report on the other 
matters on which we are required to 
report by exception 

Under the Companies Act 2006, we are 
required to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate accounting records have not 
been kept by the parent Company, or re-
turns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or 

51

reasonably be expected to influence the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis 
of the financial statements. 

A fuller description of our responsibilities is 
provided on the FRC’s website at www.frc.org.
uk/auditorsresponsibilities. 

8. The purpose of our audit work and to 
whom we owe our responsibilities 

This report is made solely to the Company’s 
members, as a body, in accordance with 
Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken 
so that we might state to the Company’s 
members those matters we are required 
to state to them in an auditor’s report and 
for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or 
assume responsibility to anyone other than the 
Company and the Company’s members, as a 
body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed. 

Craig Douglas  
(Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of KPMG LLP, Statutory 
Auditor Chartered Accountants 

15 Canada Square 
London 
E14 5GL 
11 March 2019

g o v e r n a n c e   r e p o r t

•  the parent Company financial statements 
are not in agreement with the accounting 
records and returns; or 

•  certain disclosures of directors’ remunera-
tion specified by law are not made; or 

•  we have not received all the information 

and explanations we require for our audit. 

We have nothing to report in these respects.

7. Respective responsibilities 

Directors’ responsibilities 

As explained more fully in their statement set 
out on page 42, the directors are responsible 
for: the preparation of the financial statements 
including being satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view; such internal control as 
they determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are 
free from material misstatement, whether 
due to fraud or error; assessing the Group 
and parent Company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, 
matters related to going concern; and using 
the going concern basis of accounting unless 
they either intend to liquidate the Group or the 
parent Company or to cease operations, or 
have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the financial 
statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, 
and to issue our opinion in an auditor’s report. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of 
assurance, but does not guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) 
will always detect a material misstatement 
when it exists. Misstatements can arise from 
fraud or error and are considered material 
if, individually or in aggregate, they could 

 
52

consolidated statement of profit and loss and other 

comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2018

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Distribution expenses

Administrative expenses

Share-based payment charge

Operating loss before IPO-related expenditure

IPO-related expenditure

Operating loss

Net finance income

Loss before tax

Taxation

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive income

Note

3

17

4

7

8

2018  
£

2017  
£

34,818,260

27,744,995

(16,442,852)

(11,749,049)

18,375,408

15,995,946

(4,056,074)

(3,430,085)

(34,360,477)

(27,686,895)

(303,281)

(1,757,204)

(20,344,425)

(16,878,238)

-

(2,124,528)

(20,344,425)

(19,002,766)

44,822

25,096

(20,299,603)

(18,977,670)

193,192

-

(20,106,411)

(18,977,670)

Foreign currency differences from overseas operations

98,720

-

Total comprehensive loss for the year

(20,007,691)

(18,977,670)

Basic and diluted loss per share

18

(14.46p)

(16.17p)

All results relate to continuing activities.

Notes 1 to 26 form part of the historical financial information shown above.

consolidated statement of fi nancial position
at 31 December 2018

53

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Current assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Current tax receivable

Total assets

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Provisions

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

Share capital

Share premium

Share-based payment reserve

Retained earnings

Note

9

10

11

12

13

8

14

15

16

17

2018
£

-

669,742

669,742

1,127,876

4,626,750

6,031,936

193,192

2017
£

36,458

378,538

414,996

691,340

4,177,056

26,926,389

-

11,979,754

31,794,785

12,649,496

32,209,782

4,561,793

4,548,019

955,949

826,702

5,517,741

5,374,721

5,517,741

5,374,721

7,131,755

26,835,060

139,735

138,631

36,716,371

36,716,371

250,073

138,794

(30,073,145)

(10,158,737)

Foreign currency translation reserve

98,720

-

Total equity

7,131,755

26,835,060

Notes 1 to 26 form part of the historical fi nancial information shown above.

These fi nancial statements were approved by the board of directors on eve Sleep plc and were signed on it’s behalf by:

Abid Ismail
Director
11 March 2019
Company registered number: 09261636

54

consolidated statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2018

Share 
Capital
£

Share 
Premium
£

Share based 
payment 
reserve
£

Retained 
Earnings
£

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 
£

Total Equity
£

For the year ended 31 December 2018

Balance at 1 January 2018

138,631

36,716,371

138,794

(10,158,736)

Exercise of options

Share-based payment charge

Transfer on exercise of options

1,104

-

-

Total transactions with owners

1,104

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive income for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

303,281

-

-

(192,003)

192,003

111,279

192,003

(20,106,411)

-

-

-

98,720

98,720

-

-

-

-

-

-

26,835,060

1,104

303,281

-

304,385

(20,106,411)

Balance at 31 December 2018

139,735

36,716,371

250,073

(30,073,145)

98,720

7,131,755

For the year ended 31 December 2017

Balance at 1 January 2017

316

16,124,928

Issue of shares

Bonus share issue

38,767

40,698,396

85,948

(85,948)

Share premium cancellation

-

(20,038,965)

Exercise of options

13,600

17,960

Share-based payment charge

Transfer on exercise of options

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,757,204

(12,838,441)

-

-

20,038,965

-

-

(1,618,410)

1,618,410

Total transactions with owners

138,315

20,591,443

138,794

21,657,375

Loss for the year

(18,977,670)

Balance at 31 December 2017

138,631

36,716,371

138,794

(10,158,736)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3,286,803

40,737,163

-

-

31,560

1,757,204

-

42,525,927

(18,977,670)

26,835,060

consolidated statement of cash flows
for the year ended 31 December 2018

55

Cash flows from operating activities

Loss for the year

IPO-related expenditure

Finance income

Taxation

Adjustments for:

Interest paid

Amortisation

Impairment

Increase in inventories

Increase in trade and other receivables

Increase in trade and other payables

Increase in provisions 

Share-based payment charge

IPO-related expenditure

2018
£

2017
£

(20,106,411)

(18,977,670)

-

(44,822)

(193,192)

44,822

120,571

39,608

(436,536)

(449,694)

13,773

129,247

303,281

-

2,124,528

(25,096)

-

25,096

7,945

-

(200,159)

(3,127,395)

2,361,778

111,606

1,757,204

(2,124,528)

Net cash outflow from operating activities

(20,579,352)

(18,066,692)

Cash flows from investing activities

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment

Development of intangible assets

(3,150)

(411,775)

(36,458)

(378,538)

Net cash outflows from investing activities

(414,925)

(414,996)

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from issue of share capital

1,104

40,768,722

Net cash outflows from financing activities

1,104

40,768,722

Net cash outflows

(20,993,173)

22,287,034

Cash at beginning of year

Movement in cash

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held

26,926,389

(20,993,173)

98,720

4,639,355

22,287,034

-

Cash at end of year

6,031,936

26,926,389

56

notes to the financial statements
forming part of the financial statements

1. Reporting Entity

eve sleep PLC (the “Company”) is a public company, domiciled and registered in England in the UK. The registered number is 

09261636 and the registered address at 31st December 2018 was 128 Albert Street, London, England, NW1 7NE.

2. Accounting Policies

2.1 Basis of preparation

The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”). 

The Group financial statements have been prepared and approved by the directors in accordance with International Financial 

Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU (“Adopted IFRSs”). The Company has elected to prepare its parent company financial 

statements in accordance with adopted IFRS, these are presented on pages 78 to 80.

The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods presented in these 

Group financial statements. 

Judgements made by the directors, in the application of these accounting policies that have significant effect on the financial 

statements and estimates with a significant risk of material adjustment in the next year are discussed in note 2.20.

2.2 Changes in accounting policy

In these financial statements, the Group has changed its accounting policies in the following areas:

• 

• 

Financial instruments

Revenue recognition

The Group has adopted the following IFRSs in these financial statements:

• 

• 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (see note 19)

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contract with Customers (see note 2.16)

These accounting policies have been applied retrospectively. The impact of transition to these IFRS has not required restatement of 

the primary statements (see note 25).

2.3 Measurement Convention

The financial statements are prepared on the historical cost basis.

2.4 Going Concern

The financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis notwithstanding that the group is competing and disrupting an 

established market and as is typical for a business at this stage of its lifecycle is still generating losses as it uses working capital to 

develop the business model and market share.

The Group has reported an operating loss of £20.3m (2017: £19.0m) with an operating cash outflow of £20.6m (2017: £18.1m). 

The closing cash balance at 31 December 2018 was £6.0m however, since the end of the Accounts Period, the Group completed a 

share placing to raise approximately £11.7m net of expenses, (the “Placing”) from existing and new investors and £0.9m of future 

advertising spend credits. The closing cash balance at 28 February 2019 was £17.8m.

The directors have set out the three core pillars of the re-build strategy in the Chief Executive’s statement and have prepared a 

strategic plan in order to grow the business in the re-focused markets of UK&I and France. The plan is supported by a financial 

model, underpinned by a number of key business drivers.  The business plan assumes continuing improvement in 2019 over those 

observed in 2018 for the majority of these drivers. The principle assumptions adopted in the forecast model which reflect these 

improvements are set out below:

57

notes to the financial statements
continued

2.4 Going Concern (continued)

• 
Revenue growth driven primarily by Website traffic growth and Conversion rate improvements;
•  Marketing expenditure reduction over the prior year and more targeted spend moving forward.

To support the strategic plan the directors have prepared cash flow forecasts covering a period of more than 12 months from the 

date of approval of these financial statements. These forecasts in the base case indicate that the group will have sufficient funds 

to meet its liabilities as they fall due until such point that it achieves sustainable profitability and cash generation. However, the 

delivery of the strategic plan is subject to uncertainty and these have been modelled through sensitivity analysis.  Where sensitivity 

analysis indicates the possibility of a material impact to the ability of the group to meet liabilities as they fall due, the directors have 

considered what mitigating actions would be required and the timeframe within which those actions are needed. The key mitigating 

factors are centred around further reductions in controllable spend, including further marketing cost appraisal and reductions 

in other categories of discretionary spend. The directors also consider that it would be reasonable to target working capital 

improvements such as reducing days through lower stock levels and reducing debtor days through facilities such as debt factoring as 

the group does not presently have any debt.

Uncertainties are such that potential mitigating actions, which would be over and above the current strategic plan, may not be 

sufficient to mitigate all reasonably possible downsides in assumptions. In such downsides the Directors would need further funding 
and would consider ways of sourcing this, which could include debt or possible further equity funding.  The Directors consider that 

such scenarios are possible, but not the likely outcome.

Based on the above, the directors believe it remains appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis. 

However, these circumstances represent a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt upon the company’s ability to 

continue as a going concern and, therefore to continue realising its assets and discharging its liabilities in the normal course 

of business. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result from the basis of preparation being 

inappropriate.

2.5 Presentational Currency

The Group financial statements are presented in Sterling.

2.6 Basis of consolidation

Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable 

returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. In assessing 

control, the Group takes into consideration potential voting rights. The acquisition date is the date on which control is transferred to 

the acquirer. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control 

commences until the date that control ceases. 

Transactions eliminated on consolidation

Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are 

eliminated. Unrealised gains arising from transactions with equity-accounted investees are eliminated against the investment to the 

extent of the Group’s interest in the investee. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealised gains, but only to the 

extent that there is no evidence of impairment.

2.7 Foreign Currency

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of Group entities at the foreign exchange 

rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date 

are retranslated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Foreign exchange differences arising 

58

notes to the financial statements
continued

2.7 Foreign Currency (continued) 

on translation are recognised in the income statement. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical 

cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities 

denominated in foreign currencies that are stated at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at foreign exchange rates 

ruling at the dates the fair value was determined.

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated to the Group’s presentational currency, Sterling, at foreign exchange 

rates ruling at the balance sheet date. The revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated at an average rate for the year 

where this rate approximates to the foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions.

Exchange differences arising from this translation of foreign operations are reported as an item of other comprehensive income 

and accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve (FCTR) or non-controlling interest, as the case may be. When a foreign 

operation is disposed of, such that control, joint control or significant influence (as the case may be) is lost, the entire accumulated 

amount in the FCTR, net of amounts previously attributed to non-controlling interests, is recycled to profit or loss as part of the 

gain or loss on disposal. When the Group disposes of only part of its interest in a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation while 

still retaining control, the relevant proportion of the accumulated amount is reattributed to non-controlling interests. When the 

Group disposes of only part of its investment in an associate or joint venture that includes a foreign operation while still retaining 

significant influence or joint control, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is recycled to profit or loss.

2.8 Classification of financial instruments issued by the Group

Following the adoption of IFRS 9, financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the extent that they meet 

the following two conditions: 

(a)  they include no contractual obligations upon the group to deliver cash or other financial assets or to exchange financial assets 

or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the Group; and 

(b)  where the instrument will or may be settled in the company’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-derivative that 

includes no obligation to deliver a variable number of the company’s own equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled 

by the company’s exchanging a fixed amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments.

To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability.  Where the instrument so 

classified takes the legal form of the company’s own shares, the amounts presented in these financial statements for called up share 

capital and share premium account exclude amounts in relation to those shares. 

2.9  Non-derivative financial instruments

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments in equity and debt securities, trade and other receivables, cash and cash 

equivalents, loans and borrowings, and trade and other payables.

Trade and Other receivables

Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are measured at amortised 

cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses. 

Trade and Other payables

Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value.  Subsequent to initial recognition they are measured at amortised cost 

using the effective interest method.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits.

59

notes to the financial statements
continued

2.10  Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Where parts of 

an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property, plant and 

equipment. Depreciation is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an 

item of property, plant and equipment. 

The estimated useful lives are as follows:

¦ 

¦ 

    Plant and equipment 

    Fixtures and fittings 

3 years

3 years

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

2.11  Intangible assets

The costs of acquiring and developing software that is not integral to its related hardware is capitalised separately as an intangible 

asset. Capitalised software costs include external direct costs of material and services and payroll related costs for employees 

who are directly associated with the project. Capitalised software development costs are stated at historic cost less accumulated 
amortisation. Amortisation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the assets’ expected economic lives, normally between three 

to five years, and applied starting in the financial year after capitalisation. Software under development is held at cost less any 

recognised impairment loss.

Expenditure on development activity is capitalised if the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, and if the 

Group intends to, and has the technical ability and sufficient resources to complete development, future economic benefits are 

probable, and if the Group can measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development. 

Development activities involve a plan or design for the production of new or substantially improved products or processes.

Where no intangible asset can be recognised, development expenditure is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is 

incurred. Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.

The estimated useful lives are as follows:

¦ 

   Development costs 

3 years

Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

2.12  Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is based on the weighted average principle and includes 

expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs in bringing them to their existing 

location and condition. A provision is also made to write down any slow-moving or obsolete inventory to net realisable value.

2.13  Investments

Investments in subsidiary companies are stated at cost and are subject to review for impairment indicators if identified.

2.14  Impairment excluding inventories

The Group recognises loss allowances for expected credit losses (ECLs) on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt 

investments measured at FVOCI and contract assets (as defined in IFRS 15).

The company measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECL, except for other debt securities and bank balances for 

which credit risk (i.e. the risk of default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased significantly 

since initial recognition which are measured as 12-month ECL.

 
 
 
60

notes to the financial statements
continued

2.14  Impairment excluding inventories (continued)

Loss allowances for trade receivables and contract assets are always measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL.

2.15  Provisions

A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past 

event, that can be reliably measured and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. 

Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects risks specific to the liability.

2.16  Revenue

Revenue and profit before tax are attributable to the one principal activity of the business. Revenue represents the net sales of goods 

including freight, excluding value added tax. Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the Group has transferred the 

goods to the buyer, less appropriate deduction for actual and expected returns and relevant discounts. 

Management have considered the recognition and measurement of a right of return asset as required under IFRS 15, however the 

asset is deemed immaterial to users of these statements and on this basis has not be recognised. 

As required under IFRS 15, a disaggregation of revenue in respect of primary geographical markets is shown in the Group’s 

Segmental analysis (note 3) and significant distribution channels set out below:

Direct to consumer revenue channel

 26,996,512

 23,769,603

Multi-channel revenue channel

 7,821,748

 3,975,392

34,818,260

27,744,995

2018
£

2017
£

2.17  Expenses

Operating lease payments
Payments made under operating leases are recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. 

Lease incentives received are recognised in the income statement as an integral part of the total lease expense. 

Financing income and expenses
Financing expenses comprise interest payable, finance charges on shares classified as liabilities and finance leases recognised in 

profit or loss using the effective interest method, unwinding of the discount on provisions, and net foreign exchange losses that are 

recognised in the income statement (see foreign currency accounting policy).  Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the 

acquisition, construction or production of an asset that takes a substantial time to be prepared for use, are capitalised as part of 

the cost of that asset. Financing income comprise interest receivable on funds invested, dividend income, and net foreign exchange 

gains.

Interest income and interest payable is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest method. Dividend 

income is recognised in the income statement on the date the entity’s right to receive payments is established.  Foreign currency 

gains and losses are reported on a net basis.

2.18  Employee benefits

Defined contribution plans
The company operates a defined contribution plan. A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the 

company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. 

Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the profit and loss account in 

the periods during which services are rendered by employees.

Share based payment transactions
Share-based payment arrangements in which the Group receives goods or services as consideration for its own equity instruments 

are accounted for as equity-settled share-based payment transactions, regardless of how the equity instruments are obtained by the 

Group.

 
61

notes to the financial statements
continued

2.18  Employee benefits (continued)

The grant date fair value of share-based payments awards granted to employees is recognised as an employee expense, with a

corresponding increase in equity, over the period in which the employees become unconditionally entitled to the awards. The fair

value of the options granted is measured using an option valuation model, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which

the awards were granted. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of awards for which the

related service and non-market vesting conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount ultimately recognised as an expense

is based on the number of awards that do meet the related service and non-market performance conditions at the vesting date. For

share-based payment awards with market and non-vesting conditions, the grant date fair value of the share-based payment is 

measured to reflect such conditions and there is no true-up for differences between expected and actual outcomes.

Share based payments reserve
This comprises the cumulative share-based payment charge recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income in relation to 

equity-settled options and share rights issued but not yet exercised.

2.19  Taxation

Tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the income statement except to the 

extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in equity.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or 

substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting 

purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The following temporary differences are not provided for: the initial 

recognition of goodwill; the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting nor taxable profit other than in 

a business combination, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in 

the foreseeable future. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the 

carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the 

temporary difference can be utilised.

2.20  Significant estimates and judgements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS as adopted by the EU requires management to make judgements, 

estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and 

liabilities. The estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors believed to be reasonable 

under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates and any subsequent changes are accounted for when such 

information becomes available. The judgements, estimates and assumptions that are the most subjective or complex are discussed 

below:

Accounting estimates

Slow-moving inventory provision (note 11)
Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realisable value. The estimation of net realisable value may be different from the 

future actual value realised due to provisions for slow-moving inventory. The provision for slow-moving inventory is based upon 

an analysis of forecast inventory turnover. Management calculates the best estimate of the subsequent volumes of inventory held 

at year end forecast to be sold in a period greater than twelve months from the balance sheet date. In reference to this inventory 

population a slow-moving stock provision is calculated. This accounting estimate is sensitive to the input of forecast inventory 

turnover. However, upon sensitivity analysis management have concluded that the estimate is not materially sensitive to variance of 
the input estimates and therefore not a key estimate of the financial statements.

2.20  Significant estimates and judgements (continued)

62

notes to the financial statements
continued

Refunds provision (note 15)
The Group recognises a provision for the probable financial liability to refund customers for returned products. Provisions are 

calculated in reference to historical return rates. This estimate is therefore sensitive to management’s estimate of expected customer 

refunds in subsequent periods, however, management have conducted sensitivity analysis and have concluded that the estimate is 

not materially sensitive to the variance of the key input estimates, evidenced as follows:

1.5 percentage point increase in return rates experienced in subsequent periods

1.5 percentage point decrease in return rates experienced in subsequent periods

2018
£

(107,751)

107,751

Accounting judgements

Warranty provision (note 15)
The Group recognises a provision for the probable financial liability to customers in respect of warranty claims. The provision is 

calculated in reference to historical rates of successful manufacturer warranty claims. In the application of IFRS 15, management do 

not consider the provision of a warranty to customers to be a separate performance obligation. This is a key management judgement 

which will be reviewed in future accounting periods. 

Intangible assets (note 10)
Development expenditure is recognised on the statement of financial position when certain criteria are met, as described more fully 

in the accounting policy on the treatment of research and development expenditure. Management uses its judgement in assessing 

development against the criteria. After capitalisation, management monitors whether the recognition requirements continue to be 

met and whether there are any indicators that the asset may be impaired, as discussed above.

2.21  Adopted IFRS not yet applied

The accounting policies applied are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the Group financial statements for the year 

ended 31 December 2018. Various new accounting standards and amendments were issued during the year, none of which have an 

impact on the current year.

The following accounting standards are in issue but not yet effective and have not been adopted by the Group:

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ is effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. The standard will require lease 
liabilities and the right of use assets for leases to be recognised on the Statement of Financial Position. 

Lessees will be required to separately recognise the interest expense for the liability and depreciation for 

the right of use asset on the Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income. The Group 

has completed an assessment of IFRS 16. The net impact on the income statement between the old and 

the new leasing standards is immaterial, and a recognition of right of use assets and liabilities will be 

presented on the balance sheet. The group has reviewed its portfolio of leases which includes the lease of 

its headquarters only and notes that restatement of current assets (right of use asset) and current liabilities 

as at 31 December 2018 will be required when preparing its financial statements for the year ended 31 

December 2019.

63

notes to the financial statements
continued

3 Segmental analysis

IFRS 8, “Operating Segments”, requires operating segments to be determined based on the Group’s internal reporting to the Chief 

Operating Decision Maker. The Chief Operating Decision Maker has been determined to be the executive board and the primary 

segmental reporting format of the Group is geographical by customer location, based on the Group’s management and internal 

reporting structure.

The executive board assesses the performance of each segment based on revenue and gross profit after distribution expenses, which 

excludes administrative expenses.

UK&I

France

Rest of Europe

Rest of the 
World

Total

For the year ended 31 December 2018

Revenue

Cost of Sales

Gross Profit

22,520,896

6,833,520

4,744,696

719,148

34,818,260

(10,703,472)

(3,174,414)

(2,197,303)

(367,663)

(16,442,852)

11,817,424

3,659,106

2,547,393

351,485

18,375,408

Distribution expenses

(1,697,775)

(1,204,140)

(1,079,010)

(75,149)

(4,056,074)

Segment results

10,119,649

2,454,966

1,468,383

276,335

14,319,334

Administration expenses

Share based payment charge

Net finance income

Taxation

Loss for the year

(34,360,478)

(303,281)

44,822

193,192

(20,106,411)

UK&I

France

Rest of Europe

Rest of the 
World

Total

For the year ended 31 December 2017

Revenue

Cost of Sales

Gross Profit

16,145,542

5,544,040

5,021,594

1,033,819

27,744,995

(6,554,822)

(2,498,587)

(2,362,965)

(332,675)

(11,749,049)

9,590,720

3,045,453

2,658,629

701,144

15,995,946

Distribution expenses

(1,412,199)

(806,097)

(1,022,365)

(189,423)

(3,430,084)

Segment results

8,178,521

2,239,356

1,636,264

511,721

12,565,862

Administration expenses

IPO Related expenditure

Share based payment charge

Net finance income

Taxation

Loss for the year

(27,686,895)

(2,124,528)

(1,757,204)

25,096

-

(18,977,670)

No analysis of the assets and liabilities of each operating segment is provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker in the monthly 

management accounts. Therefore no measure of segmental assets or liabilities is disclosed in this note.

The reporting segments have been updated in 2018 to reflect the change in strategy of the Group effective in the second half of 2018 
and as such prior period operating segments have been updated to reflect this.

Due to the nature of its activities the Group is not reliant on any major customers.

64

notes to the financial statements
continued

4 Expenses and auditor’s remuneration

Included in profit/loss are the following:

Auditors remuneration: Audit of these financial statements

Audit of these financial statements

Audit related assurance services

Amounts received by auditor’s and their associates in respect of:

Tax advisory services

Reporting accounting for admission to AIM

Other non audit services

Tax compliance services

Other items

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Amortisation of intangible assets

Cost of inventory write down

Lease expenditure

Staff and country exit costs

Research and development expenditure

5 Staff numbers and cost

2018
£

65,000

-

61,050

-

-

236,502

39,608

120,571

70,632

767,480

752,261

-

2017
£

60,000

15,000

126,650

150,000

7,500

10,649

7,945

-

-

423,959

-

-

The average number of persons employed by the Group (including directors) during the year, analysed by category, was as follows:

Finance

Marketing

Operations

2018

6

23

82

111

2017

4

22

70

96

 
notes to the financial statements
continued

5 Staff numbers and cost (continued)

The aggregate payroll costs of these persons were as follows:

Wages and salaries

Social Security costs

Share-based payment charge (note 17)

Employer pension contributions

65

2018
£

4,851,555

526,054

303,281

48,664

2017
£

3,992,354

476,234

1,757,204

6,894

5,729,554

6,232,686

6 Remuneration of key management personnel and Directors

The aggregate compensation to the Directors of eve Sleep PLC (Executive and Non-Executive) who were the key management 

personnel was as follows:

Salaries or fees

Employer pension contributions

Employer’s national insurance

Share-based payment charge

Compensation for loss of office

2018
£

368,423

1,447

65,688

36,553

150,000

622,111

2017
£

361,990

196

44,109

761,139

-

1,167,434

Directors’ aggregate emoluments and pension payments are detailed in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 40, along with 

directors’ interests in issued shares and share options on page 41, which form part of these audited financial statements. The gain on 

exercise of share options in respect of directors for the year was £nil (2017: £7,578,177).

Directors of the Company and their immediate relatives control 7.7% per cent of the voting shares of the Company.

7. Finance income

Finance income receivable on cash and cash equivalents is recognised in the Statement of profit and los and other comprehensive 

income as it is earned.

Interest receivable on cash and cash equivalents

2018
£

44,822

2017
£

25,096

66

notes to the financial statements
continued

8 Taxation

Recognised in the income statement:

Current tax expense

UK Corporation tax for the current year

Research and development tax credit for the prior year

Total current tax

Deferred Tax

Deferred tax for the current year

Total deferred tax

Reconciliation of effective tax rate:

Loss for the year

Total tax credit/(expense)

2018
£

-

193,192

193,192

-

-

2017
£

-

-

-

-

-

2018
£

2017
£

(20,106,411)

(18,977,670)

193,192

-

Loss excluding taxation

(20,299,603)

(18,977,670)

Tax using the UK corporation tax rate of 19% (2017: 19.25%)

(3,856,925)

(3,653,201)

Effects of:

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes

Fixed asset differences

Research and development tax credit for the prior year

Current year losses for which no deferred tax asset was recognised

Total Tax credit/(expense)

549,424

-

193,192

3,307,500

193,192

799,837

472

-

2,852,892

-

The Group has accumulated tax losses available for offset against future profits of £46,415,639 (2017: £26,653,156). 

A deferred tax asset has not been recognised in respect of these losses as there is uncertainty regarding the timing of when these 

losses will be recovered.

Reductions in the UK corporation tax rate from 20% (effective from 1 April 2017) to 18% (effective 1 April 2020) were substantively 

enacted on 26 October 2015, and an additional reduction to 17% (effective 1 April 2020) was substantively enacted on 6 September 

2016. This will reduce the Group’s future tax charge accordingly.

notes to the financial statements
continued

9 Property, plant and equipment

Plant and equipment
£

Fixtures & Fittings
£

67

Total
£

10,592

36,458

47,050

3,150

50,200

2,647

7,945

10,592

-

39,608

50,200

36,458

-

7,326

-

7,326

3,150

10,476

1,831

5,495

7,326

-

3,150

10,476

-

-

3,266

36,458

39,724

-

39,724

816

2,450

3,266

-

36,458

39,724

36,458

-

Development Costs
£

Assets under construction
£

Total
£

-

92,705

190,235

282,940

-

-

105,030

387,970

-

-

-

120,571

120,571

282,940

267,399

-

-

95,598

95,598

168,833

242,942

(105,030)

402,343

-

-

-

-

-

95,598

402,343

-

92,705

285,833

378,538

168,833

242,942

-

790,313

-

-

-

120,571

120,571

378,538

669,742

Cost

Balance at 1 January 2017

Acquisitions

Balance at 31 December 2017

Acquisitions

Balance at 31 December 2018

Depreciation and Impairment

Balance at 1 January 2017

Depreciation charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2017

Depreciation charge for the year

Impairment charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2018

Net Book Value

At 31 December 2017

At 31 December 2018

10 Intangible assets

Cost

Balance at 1 January 2017

Acquisitions - internally generated

Acquisitions - externally generated

Balance at 31 December 2017

Acquisitions - internally generated

Acquisitions - externally generated

Transfers

Balance at 31 December 2018

Amortisation and Impairment

Balance at 1 January 2017

Amortisation and impairment for the year

Balance at 1 January 2018

Amortisation and impairment for the year

Balance at 31 December 2018

Net Book Value

At 31 December 2017

At 31 December 2018

Development costs relate to internal and external costs  incurred in respect of the infrastucture of the website platform and ERP 

system. Assets under construction at 31 December 2018 relate to internal and external costs incurred for the development of ERP 

software for internal use and is expected to go live in 2019.

68

notes to the financial statements
continued

11 Inventories

Finished Goods

2018
£

1,127,876

2017
£

691,340

There was no write-down of inventories to net realisable value in the year (2017: £nil). Included within inventories is £551,580 

expected to be recovered in more than 12 months from the balance sheet date. This balance of inventory is fully-provided for within 

the Group’s slow-moving inventory provision of £551,580 (2017: £181,752). Inventory days were 25 days in 2018 (2017: 21 days). 

Finished goods recognised in cost of sales in the year amounted to £16,358,170.

12 Trade and Other receivables

Trade Receivables

Other receivables

Prepayments

Other current assets

2018
£

1,815,260

1,124,112

1,320,556

366,823

2017
£

767,426

2,608,934

800,696

-

4,626,750

4,177,056

The average credit period offered on sales of goods during 2018 was 27 days (2017: 34 days). The average days sales outstanding 

(‘‘DSO’’) in 2018 was 82 days (2017: 51 days). At 31 December 2018, trade receivables at a nominal value of £35,681 (2017: £25,301) 

were impaired and fully provided for.

All trade and other receivables are short-term. The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade receivables approximates to 

their fair value. All trade and other receivables have been reviewed for indications of impairment.

Trade receivables represent amounts due from wholesale and retail customers.

The Group has not charged interest for late payment of invoices in the current year or prior period.

Allowances against doubtful debts are estimated by reference to irrecoverable amounts based on past default experience. Specific 

counterparty risk is also considered where an analysis of the counterparty’s current financial position indicates a change in credit 

risk.

Before accepting any significant new customer, the Group uses a variety of credit scoring systems to assess the potential customer’s 

credit quality and to define credit limits for each customer. Limits and scoring attributed to customers are reviewed regularly.

Three major retail customers each accounted for more than 10% of the total balance of trade receivables on 31 December 2018, 

consistent with 2017 where three major retail customers each accounted for more than 10% of the total balance of trade receivables 

on 31 December 2017.

Included in other receivables is £0.1m relating to VAT which is expected to be fully recoverable.

Not overdue

Overdue between 0-30 days

Overdue between 31-60 days

Overdue between 61-90 days

Overdue over 90 days

2018
£

1,177,697

382,274

56,070

73,634

125,584

2017
£

378,260

378,240

10,183

743

-

1,815,260

767,426

69

notes to the financial statements
continued

12 Trade and Other receivables (continued)

In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable the Group considers any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable 

from the date credit was initially granted up to the relevant year-end. Aside from the major retail customers accounting for the year 

end trade receivable balance mentioned above, the concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base being large and 

diverse.

13 Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents

6,031,936

26,926,389

2018
£

2017
£

At 31 December 2018, the Group had an available £600,000 credit card facility.

14 Trade and Other payables

Trade payables

Non trade-payables and accrued expenses

Deferred revenue

Taxes and social security payable

2018
£

1,794,803

1,691,425

538,447

537,118

2017
£

1,591,520

2,275,299

521,549

159,651

4,561,793

4,548,019

All trade and other payables are short-term. The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables 

approximates to their fair value. Deferred revenue represents contract liabilities to deliver goods to customers where 

consideration has been received prior to the year end date. The opening balance of deferred revenue was fully recognised 

during the 2018 financial year.

15 Provisions

Balance at 1 January 2017

Provisions made during the year

Refunds
£

560,683

4,118,714

Provisions used during the year

(3,815,835)

Unused amounts reversing in the year

Balance at 31 December 2017

(36,860)

826,702

-

-

-

-

-

Provisions made during the year

11,647,815

163,832

Provisions used during the year

(11,620,290)

Unused amounts reversing in the year

Balance at 31 December 2018

(62,110)

792,117

-

-

163,832

Warranty
£

Sales Return
£

154,414

-

Total
£

715,097

4,118,714

(154,414)

(3,970,249)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(36,860)

826,702

11,811,647

(11,620,290)

(62,110)

955,949

A refund provision is required as the Group provides certain products to customers under a 100-day trial period.

During this period the customer is entitled to return goods for a full refund. The provision is calculated by reference to the rate of 

returns experienced by the Group in preceding periods and the level of sales subject to the relevant trial periods of each product at 

the year end. An analysis of the rate of return over historical periods does not indicate a significant variation in the rate of refunds 

provided to customers and accordingly, whilst there is a degree of estimation in the calculation of this provision, any reasonable 

sensitivity analysis in the rate applied to sales at the year end would not result in a material impact (as demonstrated in note 2.20).

70

notes to the financial statements
continued

15 Provisions (continued)

A warranty provision is required as the Group provides certain products to customers with a 10-year warranty period.

During this period the customer is entitled to claim under warranty a replacement product. The provision is calculated by reference 

to the rate of successful claims experienced by the Group in preceding periods and applying a projected distribution of the claims 

across the 10-year warranty period. Whilst there is a degree of estimation in the calculation of this provision, any reasonable 

sensitivity analysis in the rate applied to claims at the year end would not result in a material impact (as demonstrated in note 2.20).

16 Share Capital

Allotted, issued and fully paid:

Number

Nominal Value 
£

31 December 2018
£

31 December 2017
£

Ordinary Shares

139,735,160

£0.001

Total

139,735

139,735

138,631

138,631

The table below summarises the movements in number of shares at the beginning and end of the period

Ordinary Shares

Share Capital 31 December 2017

138,631,020

Nominal Value £

Value of Share Capital £

Summary of Movements

£0.001

138,631

Exercise of share options over ordinary shares

1,104,141

Share capital 31 December 2018

139,735,161

Nominal Value £

Value of Share capital £

£0.001

£139,735

The holders of Ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote per share 

at meetings of the Company.

During 2018, 1,104,141 share options were exercised bringing the total share capital of the Company to 139,735,161 at 31 December 

2018.

17 Share based payments

The Group recognised a charge of £0.3m (2017: £1.8m) related to share-based payments during the year to 31 December 2018, all of 

which relates to equity-settled schemes.

The Company issues equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees, whereby employees render services in exchange 

for shares or rights over shares of the parent company. Equity-settled awards are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The 

fair value is calculated using an appropriate option pricing model and is expensed to the Statement of Profit and Loss and other 

comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the vesting period after allowing for an estimate of shares that will ultimately 

vest. 

71

notes to the financial statements
continued

17 Share based payments (Continued)

The Company operates an HMRC approved executive management incentive plan (EMI). The vesting conditions are based on length 

of service with typically 25% of the options vesting on or after the 12-month anniversary of the employee’s start after which vesting 

occurs in equal monthly tranches so that options vest in full on the 48-month anniversary of the employee’s start date. All options 

are equity settled.

The terms and conditions of the grants are as follows:

Grant Date

16/01/2017

16/01/2017

23/01/2017

25/01/2017

20/02/2017

10/04/2017

Number of 
Contracts

Number of Options

Exercise 
Price

Performance Conditions

Expiry Date

13

3

3

22

1

1

14,017,897

£0.001

Length of service

16/01/2027

4,653,841

56,626

1,289,236

18,825

251,000

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

Performance Based

16/01/2027

Length of service

23/01/2027

Length of service

25/01/2027

Length of service

20/02/2027

Length of service

10/04/2027

The Company operates an unapproved executive incentive plan. The vesting conditions for grants made on 12 May 2017 and during 

2018 are based on length of service with 100% of the options vesting on 36-month anniversary of the employee’s start date.  The 

remaining options have vesting conditions based on length of service with typically 25% of the options vesting on or after the 

12-month anniversary of the employee’s start date after which vesting occurs in equal monthly tranches so that options vest in full 

on the 48-month anniversary of the employee’s start date. All options are equity settled.

The terms and conditions of the grants are as follows:

Grant Date

Number of 
Contracts

Number of Options

Exercise 
Price

Performance Conditions

Expiry Date

13/07/2015

01/01/2016

01/02/2016

26/01/2016

12/05/2017

12/10/2017

20/10/2017

16/01/2018

17/01/2018

02/02/2018

05/02/2018

11/02/2018

1

1

1

1

6

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

132,905

49,447

224,269

12,550

991,798

23,939

23,833

20,000

100,000

15,000

87,500

20,000

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£1.012

£0.001

£0.001

£1.01

£1.01

£1.01

£1.01

£1.01

Length of service

13/07/2025

Length of service

01/01/2026

Length of service

01/02/2026

Length of service

26/01/2026

Length of service

12/05/2027

Length of service

12/10/2027

Length of service

20/10/2027

Length of service

Length of service

Length of service

Length of service

Length of service

16/01/2028

17/01/2028

02/02/2028

05/02/2028

11/02/2028

72

notes to the financial statements
continued

17 Share based payments (Continued)

The number and weighted average exercise prices of share options are as follows:

Outstanding at beginning of year

£0.519

5,642,703

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price
£

Number of Options

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised during the year

Lapsed during the year

Outstanding at the end of the year

Exercisable at the end of the year

£1.010

£0.768

£0.001

-

£0.613

£0.001

242,500

(1,577,909)

(1,104,141)

-

3,203,153

836,875

All options exercised during the year were options over Ordinary shares.

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of share options exercised during the year was 80.03p (2017: 103.94p)

The options outstanding at the end of the year have an exercise price in the range of £0.001 to £1.012 and a weighted average 

contractual life of 10 years.

The fair value of employee share options is measured using a Black-scholes model.  Measurement inputs and assumptions are as 

follows:

Share class

Fair Value

Award 1
16/01/17
£

Ord C

£0.06

Award 2
16/01/17
£

Award 3
23/01/17
£

Award 4
25/01/17
£

Award 5
26/01/17
£

Award 6
20/02/17
£

Ord

£0.10

Ord

£0.10

Ord

£0.10

Ord

£0.10

Ord

£0.10

Exercise Price

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

Expected volatility *

Option Life

103%

10yrs

103%

10yrs

103%

10yrs

103%

10yrs

103%

10yrs

102%

10yrs

Risk free interest rate

0.200%

0.200%

0.235%

0.276%

0.300%

0.148%

Award 7
12/05/17
£

Award 8
16/01/18
£

Award 9
17/01/18
£

Award 10
02/02/18
£

Award 11
05/02/18
£

Award 12
11/02/18
£

Share class

Fair Value

Ord

£0.29

Ord

£0.43

Ord

£0.43

Ord

£0.43

Ord

£0.43

Ord

£0.43

Exercise Price

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

£0.001

Expected volatility *

Option Life

55%

10yrs

77%

10yrs

77%

10yrs

77%

10yrs

77%

10yrs

77%

10yrs

Risk free interest rate

1.000%

1.000%

1.000%

1.000%

1.000%

1.000%

 
73

notes to the financial statements
continued

17 Share based payments (Continued)

* Expected volatility is measured at the standard deviation of expected share price movements and based on a review of volatility 

used by listed companies of comparable industry sector and years of establishment.

18 Earnings per share

The basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to equity holders of the Group by the weighted 

average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

Weighted average shares in issue

Loss attributable to the owners of the parent company

Basic earnings/(loss) per share (pence)

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (pence)

2018

139,087,779

(20,106,411)

(14.46)

(14.46)

2017

117,336,860

(18,977,670)

(16.17)

(16.17)

For the periods presented the weighted average number of shares used for calculating the diluted loss per share are identical to 

those for the basic loss per share. This is because the outstanding share options would have the effect of reducing the loss per share 

and would not be dilutive under IAS 33.

At 31 December 2018, options outstanding amounted to 3,203,153. Given the loss for the year of £20,106,411 (2017 loss: £18,977,670) 

these options are anti-dilutive.

19 Financial Instruments

Categories of financial instruments:

Financial assets at amortised cost

2018
£

2017
£

Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other receivables

8,971,308

30,302,749

Financial liabilities at amortised cost

Trade payables, other payables and provisions

(5,517,741)

(5,374,722)

74

notes to the financial statements
continued

19 Financial Instruments (Continued)

‘Financial assets held at amortised cost’ includes trade receivbles, other receivables and cash and cash equivalents and excludes 

prepayments and inventories. Included in ‘Financial liabilities at amortised cost’ are trade payables, accruals and other payables. 

The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities approximates their fair value.

Risk management
The Company seeks to reduce exposures to capital risk, liquidity risk, credit risk and foreign currency risk, to ensure liquidity is 

available to meet foreseeable needs and to invest cash assets safely and profitably. The Group does not engage in speculative trading 

in financial instruments and transacts only in relation to underlying business requirements. The Group’s treasury policies and 

procedures are periodically reviewed and approved by the Board.

Capital risk
The Group’s objectives when managing capital (defined as cash and cash equivalents plus equity attributable to owners of the 

parent) are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits 

for other stakeholders through an appropriate amount of equity funding, while maintaining a strong credit rating and sufficient 

headroom. The Group makes adjustments to its capital structure in light of changes to economic conditions and the Group’s strategic 

objectives.

Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty may default on its obligation to the Group in relation to lending, hedging, settlement 

and other financial activities. The Group’s principal financial assets are trade and other receivables, bank balances, and cash in 

hand. The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade and other receivables. The amounts included in the Statement of 

Financial Position are net of allowances for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there is an identified 

loss event which, based on previous experience, is evidence of a reduction in the recoverability of cash flows. The Group has a low 

retail credit risk due to transactions being principally of high volume, low value and short maturity. Whilst a significant proportion 

of trade receivables is with a few customers the Group assessed the risk of default as low due to the nature of these customers to be 

large well established retailers with which the Group has a good relationship. The credit risk on liquid funds is considered to be low, 

as the counterparties are all major banks with high credit ratings from all the key ratings agencies.

The ageing of trade receivables at the balance sheet date was:

Not overdue

Overdue between 0-30 days

Overdue between 31-60 days

Overdue between 61-90 days

Overdue over 90 days

2018
£

1,177,697

382,274

56,070

73,634

125,584

2017
£

378,260

378,240

10,183

743

-

1,815,260

767,426

Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.

The Group manages its exposure to liquidity risk by continuously monitoring short- and long-term forecasts and actual cash flows 

and ensuring it has the necessary banking and reserve borrowing facilities available to meet the requirements of the business.

75

notes to the financial statements
continued

19 Financial Instruments (Continued)

Foreign currency risk
The Group operates internationally and is therefore exposed to foreign currency transactions risk, primarily on sales denominated 

in US dollars and Euros. The Group’s presentational currency is pounds sterling, therefore the Group is also exposed to foreign 

currency translation risks due to movements in foreign exchange rates on the translation of non-sterling assets and liabilities.

Sterling
£

Euro
£

US Dollar
£

Other
£

Total
£

Balance Sheet exposure

Cash and cash equivalents

4,929,600

868,014

71,603

162,719

6,031,936

Trade receivables

1,794,122

21,138

-

-

1,815,260

Other receivables

753,010

337,754

6,838

26,510

1,124,112

Trade payables

Other payables

Provisions

Total

(1,471,111)

(300,885)

(22,807)

-

(1,794,803)

(1,893,587)

(607,386)

(85,225)

(180,792)

(2,766,990)

(832,044)

(116,352)

(7,552)

-

(955,949)

3,279,989

202,284

(37,143)

8,437

3,453,567

Foreign currency sensitivity
The Group’s principal financial instrument foreign currency exposures are to US dollars and EUROs. The table below illustrates 

the hypothetical sensitivity of the Group’s reported profit before tax and closing equity to a 10% increase and decrease in the value 

of each of these currencies relative to pounds sterling at the reporting date, assuming all other variables remain unchanged. The 

sensitivity rate of 10% is deemed to represent a reasonably possible change based on historic exchange rate volatility.

The following assumptions were made in calculating the sensitivity analysis:

• 

• 

All sensitivities affecting the Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income also impact equity

Translation of foreign subsidiaries and operations into the Group’s presentation currency has been excluded from the 

sensitivity analysis

Sterling strengthen by 10% against

US Dollar

Euro

Other

Sterling weaken by 10% against

US Dollar

Euro

Other

2018
£

(5,504)

161,161

(136,256)

1,703

177,609

(169,410)

2017
£

(27,490)

(106,714)

(52,112)

27,490

106,714

52,112

A 10% percent strengthening of these currencies against the pound sterling at 31 December 2018 would have decreased profit 

or loss by 0.05%. This calculation assumes that the change occurred at the balance sheet date and had been applied to risk 

exposures existing at that date.

 
76

notes to the financial statements
continued

20 Contingencies

There were no contingent liabilities to be disclosed.

21 Related Parties

Key management compensation (considered to be the Directors of eve Sleep PLC) disclosures can be found in Note 6 and on 

pages 40 to 41 of the Director’s remuneration report.

22 Investments

The company has the following investments in subsidiaries:

Principal place of 
business/ Registered 
office address

Registered Number

Type of share

Ownership
2017

Ownership
2016

Company:

eve sleep Inc

eve sleep SASU

185 W. Broadway, 
Suite 101, PO Box 
1150, Jackson, USA

5 Rue Des Suisses, 
75014, Paris

EIN 47-4164566

Ordinary

823397419 R.C.S Paris

Ordinary

100%

100%

100%

100%

All operating subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements, based on percentage of voting rights held. 

No subsidiaries have non-controlling interests that are material to the consolidated financial statements

23 Commitments

There were no commitments in the year.

24 Operating leases

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable as follows:

Less than one year

Between one and five years

More than five years

2018
£

 459,536 

-

-

459,536

2017
£

-

-

-

-

The Group leases its office headquarters at 128 Albert Street, London, NW1 7NE. The non-cancellable operating lease rental 

disclosed above relates wholly to these office headquarters.

During the year £767,480 was recognised as an expense in the income statement in respect of operating leases.

77

notes to the financial statements
continued

25 Change in significant accounting policies

The Group has applied IFRS 15 using the retrospective with cumulative effect method – i.e. by recognising the cumulative 

effect of initially applying IFRS 15 as an adjustment to the opening balance of equity at 1 January 2018. Therefore, the 

comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under IAS 18 and IAS 11. There has been no 

quantitive impact of adopting IFRS 15 on the Group’s financial statements for the year ending 31 December 2018.

The Group has adopted IFRS 9 with a date of initial application of 1 January 2018. The requirements of IFRS 9 represent a 

significant change from IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. Changes in accounting policies 

resulting from the adoption of IFRS 9 have been applied retrospectively. There has been no quantitative impact of adopting 

IFRS 9 on the Group’s financial statements for the year ending 31 December 2018, as follows:

• 

• 

Financial assets classified as Loans and Receivables under IAS 39 are held at the same valuation under IFRS 9 at 

Amortised Cost;

Financial liabilities classified as Other Financial Liabilities under IAS 39 are held at the same valuation under IFRS 9 as 

Other Financial liabilities

26 Subsequent events

Since the end of the Accounts Period, the Company has undertaken the following significant events:

On 11 February 2019, the Company completed a placing of 120,317,323 new ordinary shares of 0.1 pence each (“Ordinary 

Shares”) in the share capital of the Company (the “Placing Shares”) at a price of 10 pence per Placing Share (the “Placing 

Price”) to raise approximately £11.7m net of expenses (the “Placing”), from existing and new investors. In addition, Channel 

Four, which provides advertising services to the Company and is an existing Shareholder, has agreed that £0.9m of future 

advertising spend by the Company with Channel Four will, when payable, be satisfied by the issue of new Ordinary Shares at 

the Placing Price over a period of up to twenty-four months from Admission.

In addition, it is proposed that share option plans with a grant date post-IPO (excluding those grants made in October 2017) 

will be cancelled and replaced with a new share option plan. It is proposed that grants from this pool will be granted on the 

following basis:

(i)  nominal exercise price of £0.001 per ordinary share 

(ii)  vesting monthly from the date of grant over a 3 year period

Following the year end, it was agreed by mutual consent that Abid Ismail, Chief Financial Officer of the Group, would step 

down as a Director of the Company. Abid has agreed to stay on until Summer 2019 to effect a seamless transition.

 
 
78

company balance sheet
at 31 December 2018

Non-current assets

Property, Plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Investments

Current assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Current tax receivable

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Provisions

Total liabilities

Net assets

Note

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

2018
£

-

669,742

1,669

671,411

870,011

5,499,057

193,192

5,055,952

2017
£

36,458

378,538

1,669

416,665

589,344

4,837,014

-

26,210,595

11,618,213

31,636,953

12,289,623

32,053,618

4,349,059

845,824

4,311,212

687,127

5,194,883

4,998,339

7,094,740

27,055,279

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

Share capital

Share premium

11

139,735

138,631

36,716,371

36,716,371

Share-based payment reserve

250,073

138,794

Retained earnings

Total Equity

(30,011,439)

(9,938,516)

7,094,740

27,055,280

Notes 1-17 form part of the historical financial information shown above.

These financial statements were approved by the board of directors on eve Sleep PLC and were signed on its behalf by:

Abid Ismail
Director

11 March 2019

Company registered number: 09261636

company cash flow
for the year ended 31 December 2018

Cash flows from operating activities

Loss for the year

IPO-related expenditure

Finance income

Taxation

79

2018
£

2017
£

(20,264,926)

(19,043,452)

-

(49,675)

(193,192)

2,124,528

(25,096)

-

Loss before IPO-related expenditure

(20,507,793)

(16,944,020)

Adjustments for:

Interest received

Amortisation

Impairment

Increase in trade and other receivables

Increase in inventories

Increase in trade and other payables

Increase in provisions 

Share based payment charge

Foreign exchange losses

IPO Related Expenditure

49,675

120,571

39,608

(662,043)

(280,668)

37,847

158,697

303,281

-

-

25,096

7,945

-

(3,832,385)

(98,163)

2,258,206

252,073

1,757,204

(5,996)

(2,124,528)

Net cash outflow from operating activities

(20,740,825)

(18,704,568)

Cash flows from investing activities

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment

Development of intangible assets

(3,150)

(411,775)

(36,458)

(378,538)

Net cash outflows from investing activities

(414,925)

(414,996)

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from issue of share capital

1,104

40,768,722

Net cash inflows from financing activities

1,104

40,768,722

Net Cash outflow 

(21,154,643)

21,649,158

Cash at beginning of year

Movement in cash

Cash at end of year

26,210,595

(21,154,643)

4,561,437

21,649,158

5,055,952

26,210,595

80

company changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2018

Share Capital
£

Share Premium
£

Share-based 
payment 
reserve
£

Retained 
Earnings
£

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 
£

For the year ended 31 December 
2018

Balance at 1 January 2018

138,631

36,716,371

138,794

(9,938,516)

Exercise of options

Share based payment charge

Transfer on exercise of options

1,104

-

-

Transactions with owners

1,104

Loss for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

303,281

-

-

(192,003)

192,003

111,279

192,003

-

(20,264,926)

Balance at 31 December 2018

139,735

36,716,371

250,073

(30,011,440)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total Equity
£

27,055,280

1,104

303,281

-

304,385

(20,264,926)

7,094,739

(12,552,437)

5,996

3,578,803

For the year ended 31 December 
2017

Balance at 1 January 2017

316

16,124,928

Issue of shares

Bonus share issue

38,767

85,948

40,698,396

(85,948)

Share premium cancellation

-

(20,038,965)

Exercise of options

13,600

17,960

Share based payment charge

Transfer on exercise of options

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,757,204

-

-

20,038,965

-

-

(1,618,410)

1,618,410

Transactions with owners

138,315

20,591,443

138,794

21,657,375

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

40,737,163

-

-

31,560

1,757,204

-

42,525,927

Loss for the year

-

-

-

(19,043,454)

(5,996)

(19,049,450)

Balance at 31 December 2017

138,631

36,716,371

138,794

(9,938,516)

-

27,055,280

81

notes to the company financial statements

1 Accounting Policies

1.1 Basis of preparation

The Company financial statements have been prepared and approved by the directors in accordance with International Financial 

Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU (“Adopted IFRSs”).

The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods presented in these 

Company financial statements. 

Judgements made by the directors, in the application of these accounting policies that have significant effect on the financial 

statements and estimates with a significant risk of material adjustment in the next year are discussed in note 2.20 to the Group 

financial statements.

1.2 Changes in accounting policy

In these financial statements, the Company has changed its accounting policies in the following areas:

• 

• 

Financial instruments

Revenue recognition

The Group has adopted the following IFRSs in these financial statements:

• 

• 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (see note 19)

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contract with Customers (see note 2.16)

These accounting policies have been applied retrospectively. The impact of transition to these IFRS has not required restatement of 

the primary statements (see note 25 to the consolidated financial statements).

2 Loss for the year

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented 

its own Statement of comprehensive income in these financial statements. 

The loss after tax of the parent Company for the year was £20,264,926 (2017: £19,043,454 loss).

3 Directors’ remuneration

The Company shares the same directors as the Group. Please find Directors’ remuneration disclosed in note 6 of the Group financial 

statements.

82

notes to the company financial statements
continued

3 Property, plant and equipment

Plant and equipment
£

Fixtures & Fittings
£

Cost

Balance at 1 January 2017

Acquisitions

Balance at 31 December 2017

Acquisitions

Balance at 31 December 2018

Depreciation and Impairment

Balance at 1 January 2017

Depreciation charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2017

Depreciation charge for the year

Impairment charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2018

Net Book Value

At 31 December 2017

At 31 December 2018

4 Intangible Assets

Cost

Balance at 1 January 2017

Acquisitions - internally generated

Acquisitions - externally generated

Balance at 31 December 2017

Acquisitions - internally generated

Acquisitions - externally generated

Transfers

Balance at 31 December 2018

Amortisation and Impairment

Balance at 1 January 2017

Amortisation and impairment for the year

Balance at 1 January 2018

Amortisation and impairment for the year

Balance at 31 December 2018

Net Book Value

At 31 December 2017

At 31 December 2018

7,326

-

7,326

3,150

10,476

1,831

5,495

7,326

-

3,150

10,476

-

-

3,266

36,458

39,724

-

39,724

816

2,450

3,266

-

36,458

39,724

36,458

-

Total
£

10,592

36,458

47,050

3,150

50,200

2,647

7,945

10,592

-

39,608

50,200

36,458

-

Development Costs
£

Assets under construction
£

Total
£

-

92,705

190,235

282,940

-

-

105,030

387,970

-

-

-

120,571

120,571

282,940

267,399

-

-

95,598

95,598

168,833

242,942

(105,030)

402,343

-

-

-

-

-

95,598

402,343

-

92,705

285,833

378,538

168,833

242,942

-

790,313

-

-

-

120,571

120,571

378,538

669,742

83

notes to the company financial statements
continued

4 Intangible Assets (continued)

Development costs relate to internal and external costs incurred in respect of the infrastucture of the website platform. 

Assets under construction at 31 December 2018 relate to internal and external costs incurred for the development of ERP 

software for internal use expected to go live in 2019.

5 Investments

The company has the following investments in subsidiaries:

Principal place 
of business/ 
Registered office 
address

185 W. Broadway, 
Suite 101, PO Box 
1150, Jackson, USA

5 Rue Des Suisses, 
75014, Paris

Registered Number

Type of share

Ownership
2017

Ownership
2016

EIN 47-4164566

Ordinary

823397419 R.C.S Paris

Ordinary

100%

100%

100%

100%

2018
£

870,011

2017
£

589,344

Company:

eve sleep Inc

eve sleep SASU

6 Inventories

Finished Goods

There was no write-down of inventories to net realisable value in the year (2017: £nil). Included within inventories is £551,580 

expected to be recovered in more than 12 months from the balance sheet date. This balance of inventory is fully-provided for within 

in the Company’s slow-moving inventory provision totalling £551,580 (2017: £181,752). Inventory days were 25 days in 2018 (2017: 21 

days). Finished goods recognised in cost of sales in the year amounted to £12,924,738.

7 Trade and Other receivables

Trade Receivables

Other receivables

Receivables from subsidiary undertakings

Other current assets

Prepayments

2018
£

1,794,871

1,001,937

1,027,915

366,823

1,307,511

2017
£

760,330

2,417,455

858,533

-

800,696

5,499,057

4,837,014

As at 31 December 2018, receivables from subsidiary undertakings of £1.0m (2017: £0.9m) have been considered in light of IFRS 9 and 

expected credit losses arising were not considered material by management and no allowance has been recognised on this basis.

The ageing analysis of these receivables is as follows:

Less than 12 months

More than 12 months

2018
£

1,027,915

-

2017 
£

858,533

-

1,027,915

858,533

84

notes to the company financial statements
continued

7 Trade and Other receivables (Continued) 

The average credit period offered on sales of goods during 2018 was 26 days (2017: 34 days). The average days sales outstanding 

(‘‘DSO’’) in 2018 was 88 days (2017: 51 days).

All other trade and other receivables are short-term. The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade receivables 

approximates to their fair value. All trade and other receivables have been reviewed for indications of impairment.

Trade receivables represent amounts due from wholesale and retail customers.

The Company has not charged interest for late payment of invoices in the current year or prior period.

Allowances against doubtful debts are estimated by reference to irrecoverable amounts based on past default experience. Specific 

counterparty risk is also considered where an analysis of the counterparty’s current financial position indicates a change in credit 

risk.

Before accepting any significant new customer, the Company uses a variety of credit scoring systems to assess the potential 

customer’s credit quality and to define credit limited for each customer. Limits and scoring attributed to customers are reviewed 

regularly.

Three major retail customers each accounted for more than 10% of the total balance of trade receivables on 31 December 2018, 

compared to 2017 where three major retail customer seach accounted for more than 10% of the total balance of trade receivables.

Not overdue

Overdue between 0-30 days

Overdue between 31-60 days

Overdue between 61-90 days

Overdue over 90 days

2018 
£

1,161,596

377,985

56,070

73,634

125,586

2017 
£

371,169

378,235

10,183

743

-

1,794,871

760,330

In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable the Company considers any change in the credit quality of the trade 

receivable from the date credit was initially granted up to the relevant year-end. Aside from the major retail customers accounting 

for the year end trade receivable balance mentioned above, the concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base 

being large and diverse.

8 Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents per balance sheet

5,055,952

26,210,595

2018
£

2017 
£

85

notes to the company financial statements
continued

9 Trade and Other payables

Trade payables

Non-trade payables and accrued expenses

Deferred revenue

Taxes and social security payable

2018
£

1,740,634

1,322,691

408,406

877,328

2017
£

1,525,332

2,187,595

438,634

159,651

4,349,059

4,311,212

All trade and other payables are short-term. The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables 

approximates to their fair value. Deferred revenue represents contract liabilities to deliver goods to customers where consideration 

has been received prior to the year end date. The opening balance of deferred revenue was fully recognised during the 2018 

financial year.

10 Provisions

Balance at 1 January 2017

Provisions made during the year

Provisions used during the year

Unused amounts reversing in the year

Balance at 31 December 2017

Refunds 
£

435,052

3,430,454

(3,141,519)

(36,860)

687,127

Warranty
£

-

-

-

-

-

Total
£

435,052

3,430,454

(3,141,519)

(36,860)

687,127

Provisions made during the year

9,924,452

142,351

10,066,803

Provisions used during the year

Unused amounts reversing in the year

(9,844,534)

(63,572)

-

-

(9,844,534)

(63,572)

Balance at 31 December 2018

703,473

142,351

845,824

A refund provision is required as the Company provides certain products to customers under a 100-day trial period.

During this period the customer is entitled to return goods for a full refund. The provision is calculated by reference to the rate of 

returns experienced by the Company in preceding periods and the level of sales subject to the relevant trial periods of each product 

at the year end. An analysis of the rate of return over historical periods does not indicate a significant variation in the rate of refunds 

provided to customers and accordingly, whilst there is a degree of estimation in the calculation of this provision, any reasonable 

sensitivity analysis in the rate applied to sales at the year end would not result in a material impact.

A warranty provision is required as the Company provides certain products to customers with a 10-year warranty period.

During this period the customer is entitled to claim under warranty a replacement product. The provision is calculated by reference 

to the rate of successful claims experienced by the Company in preceding periods and applying a projected distribution of the 

claims across the 10-year warranty period. Whilst there is a degree of estimation in the calculation of this provision, any reasonable 

sensitivity analysis in the rate applied to claims at the year end would not result in a material impact.

 
86

notes to the company financial statements
continued

11 Share Capital

Allotted, issued and fully paid:

Number

Nominal Value 
£

31 December 2018
£

31 December 2017
£

Ordinary Shares

139,735,160

£0.001

Total

139,735

139,735

138,631

138,631

The table below summarises the movements in number of shares at the beginning and end of the period:

Ordinary 
Shares

Share capital 31 December 2017

138,631,020

Nominal Value £

Value of Share capital £

Summary of Movements

£0.001

138,631

Exercise of share options over ordinary shares

1,104,141

Share capital 31 December 2018

139,735,161

Nominal Value £

Value of Share capital £

£0.001

£139,735

During 2018, 1,104,141 share options were exercised bringing the total share capital of the Company to 139,735,160 at 31 

December 2018.

12 Financial Instruments

Categories of financial instruments:

Financial Assets

2018
£

2017
£

Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other receivables

7,838,633

29,389,833

Financial Liabilities

Trade payables, other payables and provisions

(5,493,665)

(4,998,339)

‘Financial assets held at amortised cost’  include trade receivables, other receivables and cash and cash equivalents and 

excludes prepayments and inventories. ‘Financial liabilities held at amortised cost’ include trade payables, accruals and 

other payables. The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities approximates their fair value.

87

notes to the company financial statements
continued

12 Financial Instruments (continued)

Risk management
The Company seeks to reduce exposures to capital risk, liquidity risk, credit risk and foreign currency risk, to ensure liquidity is 

available to meet foreseeable needs and to invest cash assets safely and profitably. The Company does not engage in speculative 

trading in financial instruments and transacts only in relation to underlying business requirements. The Company’s treasury policies 

and procedures are periodically reviewed and approved by the Board.

Capital risk
The Company’s objectives when managing capital (defined as cash and cash equivalents plus equity attributable to owners of the 

parent) are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and 

benefits for other stakeholders through an appropriate amount of equity funding, while maintaining a strong credit rating and 

sufficient headroom. The Company makes adjustments to its capital structure in light of changes to economic conditions and the 

Company’s strategic objectives.

Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty may default on its obligation to the Company in relation to lending, hedging, settlement 

and other financial activities. The Company’s principal financial assets are trade and other receivables, bank balances, and cash 

in hand. The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade and other receivables. The amounts included in the 

Statement of Financial Position are net of allowances for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there 

is an identified loss event which, based on previous experience, is evidence of a reduction in the recoverability of cash flows. The 

Company has a low retail credit risk due to transactions being principally of high volume, low value and short maturity. Whilst a 

significant proportion of trade receivables is with a few customers the Company assessed the risk of default as low due to the nature 

of these customers to be large well established retailers with which the Company has a good relationship. The credit risk on liquid 

funds is considered to be low, as the counterparties are all major banks with high credit ratings from all the key ratings agencies.

Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will no be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.

The Company manages its exposure to liquidity risk by continuously monitoring short- and long-term forecasts and actual cash flows 

and ensuring it has the necessary banking and reserve borrowing facilities available to meet the requirements of the business.

Foreign currency risk
The Company operates internationally and is therefore exposed to foreign currency transactions risk, primarily on sales 

denominated in Euros. 

Foreign currency sensitivity
The Company’s principal financial instrument foreign currency exposures is to EURO’s. The table below illustrates the hypothetical 

sensitivity of the Company’s reported profit before tax and closing equity to a 10% increase and decrease in the value of each of 

these currencies relative to pounds sterling at the reporting date, assuming all other variables remain unchanged. The sensitivity 

rate of 10% is deemed to represent a reasonably possible change based on historic exchange rate volatility.j

88

notes to the company financial statements
continued

12 Financial Instruments (continued)

The following assumptions were made in calculating the sensitivity analysis:

• All sensitivities affecting the Statement of Total Comprehensive Income also impact equity

• Translation of foreign subsidiaries and operations into the Group’s presentation currency has been excluded from the 

sensitivity analysis

Sterling strengthen by 10% against

US Dollar

Euro

Other

Sterling weaken by 10% against

US Dollar

Euro

Other

2018
£

(13,098)

(222,770)

(136,256)

(2,007)

(114,551)

(169,410)

2017
£

(347)

(2,974)

-

347

2,974

-

A 10% percent strengthening of these currencies against the pound sterling at 31 December 2018 would have decreased profit or 

loss by 1.84%. This calculation assumes that the change occurred at the balance sheet date and had been applied to risk exposures 

existing at that date.

13 Related Parties

Key management compensation (considered to be the Directors of eve Sleep PLC) disclosures can be found in Note 6 of the Group 

accounts and on pages 40 to 41 of the Director’s report.

14 Commitments

There were no commitments in the year.

15 Operating leases

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable as follows:

Less than one year

Between one and five years

More than five years

2018
£

 459,536 

-

-

459,536

2017
£

-

-

-

-

The Group leases its office headquarters at 128 Albert Street, London, NW1 7NE. The non-cancellable operating lease rental disclosed 

above relates wholly to these office headquarters.

During the year £767,480 was recognised as an expense in the income statement in respect of operating leases.

89

notes to the company financial statements
continued

16 Change in significant accounting policies

The Company has applied IFRS 15 using the retrospective with cumulative effect method – i.e. by recognising the cumulative 

effect of initially applying IFRS 15 as an adjustment to the opening balance of equity at 1 January 2018. Therefore, the comparative 

information has not been restated and continues to be reported under IAS 18 and IAS 11. There has been no quantitive impact of 

adopting IFRS 15 on the Company’s financial statements for the year ending 31 December 2018.

The Company has adopted IFRS 9 with a date of initial application of 1 January 2018. The requirements of IFRS 9 represent a 

significant change from IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. Changes in accounting policies resulting from 

the adoption of IFRS 9 have been applied retrospectively. There has been no quantitive impact of adopting IFRS 15 on the Company’s 

financial statements for the year ending 31 December 2018, as follows:

• 

• 

Financial assets classified as Loans and Receivables under IAS 39 are held at the same valuation under IFRS 15 at Amortised 

Cost;

Financial liabilities classified as Other Financial Liabilities under IAS 39 are held at the same valuation under IFRS 15 as Other 

Financial liabilities

17 Subsequent events

Since the end of the Accounts Period, the Company has undertaken the following significant events:

On 11 February 2019, the Company completed a placing of 120,317,323 new ordinary shares of 0.1 pence each (“Ordinary Shares”) 

in the share capital of the Company (the “Placing Shares”) at a price of 10 pence per Placing Share (the “Placing Price”) to raise 

approximately £11.7m net of expenses (the “Placing”), from existing and new investors. In addition, Channel Four, which provides 

advertising services to the Company and is an existing Shareholder, has agreed that £0.9m of future advertising spend by the 

Company with Channel Four will, when payable, be satisfied by the issue of new Ordinary Shares at the Placing Price over a period 

of up to twenty-four months from Admission.

In addition, it is proposed that share option plans with a grant date post-IPO (excluding those grants made in October 2017) will be 

cancelled and replaced with a new share option plan. It is proposed that grants from this pool will be granted on the following basis:

(i)  nominal exercise price of £0.001 per ordinary share 

(ii)  vesting monthly from the date of grant over a 3 year period

Following the year end, it was agreed by mutual consent that Abid Ismail, Chief Financial Officer of the Group, would step down as a 

Director of the Company. Abid has agreed to stay on until Summer 2019 to effect a seamless transition.

 
 
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