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Filo Mining

fil · TSX-V Basic Materials
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FY2017 Annual Report · Filo Mining
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December 31, 2017 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FILO MINING CORP. 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 
(Amounts in Canadian Dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

The  following  management’s  discussion  and  analysis  (“MD&A”)  of  Filo  Mining  Corp.  (“Filo  Mining”  or  the 
“Company”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for year ended December 
31, 2017 and related notes therein. The financial information in this MD&A is reported in Canadian dollars unless 
otherwise  indicated  and  is  partly  derived  from  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  prepared  in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board.  The effective date of this MD&A is March 19, 2018. Additional information about the Company 
and its business activities is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and the Company’s website www.filo-mining.com. 

Filo Mining was incorporated on May 12, 2016 under the Canada Business Corporations Act in connection the plan of 
arrangement to reorganize the business of NGEx Resources Inc. (“NGEx”), which was completed on August 16, 2016 
(the “NGEx Arrangement”). Accordingly, certain comparative information as presented in this MD&A has been prepared 
on a continuity of interest basis of accounting, which requires that prior to August 16, 2016, the assets, liabilities and 
results of operations and cash flows of Filo Mining be on a ‘carve-out’ basis from the consolidated financial statements 
and accounting records of NGEx, in accordance with the financial reporting framework specified in subsection 3.11(6) 
of  National  Instrument  52-107,  Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards,  for  carve-out  financial 
statements.  As  the  carve-out  entity  did  not  operate  as  a  separate  legal  entity,  the  financial  position,  results  of 
operations and cash flows do not necessarily reflect the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows had 
the carve-out entity operated as an independent entity during the comparative periods presented (see Notes 2 and 3 
of the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016). 

Some of the statements in this MD&A are forward-looking statements that are subject to risk factors set out in the 
cautionary note contained herein. 

CORE BUSINESS 

Filo Mining is a mineral exploration company, focused on its 100% controlled, flagship Filo del Sol Project, which is 
comprised  of  adjacent  land  holdings:  the  Filo  del  Sol  Property  located  in  San  Juan  Province,  Argentina,  and  the 
Tamberias Property, located in Region III, Chile. The Filo del Sol Project is located between the prolific Maricunga and 
El Indio gold belts, two major mineralized trends that contain such deposits as Caspiche, La Coipa, Veladero, and El 
Indio. The region is a stable mining jurisdiction and hosts a number of large-scale mining operations. The project area 
is covered under the Mining Integration and Complementation Treaty between Chile and Argentina which provides 
the framework for the development of cross border mining projects. 

The Company’s most recent Mineral Resource estimate for the Filo del Sol Project, effective July 1, 2017, is comprised 
of 373 million tonnes at 0.34% copper, 0.33 g/t gold and 9.2 g/t silver containing 2.8 billion pounds of copper, 4.0 
million ounces of gold and 109.9 million ounces of silver in the Indicated category, and an Inferred Mineral Resource 
estimate of 239 million tonnes at 0.27% copper, 0.33 g/t gold and 7.8 g/t silver for 1.4 billion pounds of copper, 2.5 
million ounces of gold and 60.0 million ounces of silver. The Filo del Sol Project continues to hold significant exploration 
potential with less than 20% of the project area explored to date.    

A  preliminary  economic  assessment  (“PEA”),  effective  November  6,  2017,  has  been  completed  on  the  Filo  del  Sol 
Project, which shows a positive preliminary economic analysis, highlighted by an after-tax net present value (“NPV”) 
of US$ 705 million at a discount rate of 8%, and an internal rate of return (“IRR”) of 23%, with positive valuation 
maintained across a wide range of sensitivities on key assumptions. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
The  Filo  del  Sol  Project,  the  Mineral  Resource  estimate,  and  the  PEA  are  described  in  a  Technical  Report  titled 
“Independent Technical Report for a Preliminary Economic Assessment on the Filo del Sol Project, Region III, Chile 
and  San  Juan  Province,  Argentina”  dated  December  18,  2017,  with  an  effective  date  of  November  6,  2017  (the 
“Technical  Report”),  which  was  prepared  for  Filo  Mining  by  SRK  Consulting  (Canada)  Inc  (“SRK”).  The  Qualified 
Persons,  as  defined  under  NI  43-101,  responsible  for  the  Technical  Report  are  Fionnuala  Devine,  P.  Geo.,  Merlin 
Geosciences Inc., Carl E. Defilippi, RM SME, Kappes, Cassiday & Associates, Giovanni Di Prisco, PhD., P.Geo., Terra 
Mineralogical Services Inc., James N. Gray, P. Geo., Advantage Geoservices Limited, Robert McCarthy, P. Eng., SRK, 
Cameron Scott, P. Eng., SRK, and Neil Winkelmann, FAusIMM, SRK, all of whom are independent of Filo Mining. The 
Technical  Report  is  available  for  review  under  the  Company's  profile  on  SEDAR  at  www.sedar.com  and  on  the 
Company's website at www.filo-mining.com.  

The Company’s strategy is to create value for its shareholders by expanding and increasing the quality of the resources 
at the Filo del Sol Project and completing engineering and other studies that are required to prepare the Filo del Sol 
Project for eventual development by the Company or by third parties. 

The Company has a strong management team and board with extensive experience in the resource sector, particularly 
in  Chile  and  Argentina.    The  board  and  management  team  have  an  appropriate  mix  of  geological,  engineering, 
financial, and business skills to advance the Company’s projects and to generate value for its shareholders.  

2017 OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS 

The Company achieved several key operating milestones for the Filo del Sol Project during the year ended December 
31, 2017, most notably the successful completion of the 2016/2017 field program in March, an update of the Mineral 
Resource estimate in August, the completion of the  second phase of metallurgical testwork in September, and the 
finalization of a PEA on the Project to cap off the year. The 2017/2018 field program which is intended to collect data 
in support of a Preliminary Feasibility Study was initiated prior to the end of the year.  Details of these various 2017 
achievements are provided below: 

Completion of 2016/2017 Field Program 

A total of 8,616 metres was drilled in 41 holes during the 2016/2017 exploration program, which was completed on 
March 28, 2017. Completion of the 2016/2017 filed program resulted in: 

  A successful infill program at the Filo del Sol deposit, which confirmed the flat-lying, layered geometry of the 
orebody, with the uppermost strata being a gold oxide (AuOx) zone, followed by a copper-gold oxide (CuAuOx) 
zone, a silver (Ag) zone, and lastly, an underlying copper-gold sulphide zone;  

  Expansion of the gold oxide zone of the Filo del Sol deposit to dimensions of approximately 700 metres north-

south by 350 metres east-west; 

  Better definition of the high-grade copper-gold oxide zone; 
  Confirmation of a high-grade, flat-lying silver-rich zone underlying the copper oxide zone in most areas of the 

Filo del Sol deposit; and 

  Better  definition  of  the  newly  discovered  Tamberias  zone  (previously  referred  to  as  “Filo  South”),  which  is 
immediately adjacent to the Filo del Sol deposit and extends 1 km to the south. This zone is characterized by 
a variety of mineralized intersections over an area of 1,000 metres north-south by at least 500 metres east-
west, where current year drilling has encountered an oxide gold zone, a shallow oxide copper zone, and a 
new area of copper-gold mineralization.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Update to Mineral Resource Estimate  

Following the successful completion of the 2016/2017 field program, the Company reported a significant increase to 
the Filo del Sol Project’s Mineral Resource estimate. With an effective date of July 1, 2017, the overall Mineral Resource 
was increased by 61% to 373 million tonnes Indicated, plus 239 million tonnes Inferred, containing 2.8 billion pounds 
of copper, 4.0 million ounces of gold and 109.9 million ounces of silver in the Indicated category, and 1.4 billion pounds 
of copper, 2.5 million ounces of gold and 60.0 million ounces of silver in the Inferred category.  

With respect to the conversion of Inferred material to the Indicated category, the Company achieved a conversion 
ratio of 98%, resulting in 61% of the updated Mineral Resource falling within the Indicated category, matching the 
overall increase to the Mineral Resource itself. Most of the increase in the Mineral Resource comes from the Tamberias 
zone, which is included in the Mineral Resource estimate for the first time. Tamberias is located 1 kilometer south and 
is contiguous with the main Filo deposit. In addition, drilling during the 2016/2017 field season has greatly expanded 
both the size and grade of the oxide gold mineralization in the Filo deposit to the point where it is now significant 
enough to report on its own. 

Details of the updated Mineral Resource estimate, presented by mineralization zones, are summarized in the following 
table: 

Cutoff 

Category 

(millions) 

(%) 

(g/t) 

(g/t) 

(millions) 

(thousands)  (thousands) 

Tonnes 

Cu 

Au 

Ag 

lbs Cu 

Ounces Au 

Ounces Ag 

Zone 

AuOx 

0.20 g/t Au 

Indicated 

Inferred 

CuAuOx 

0.15 % CuEq  Indicated 

Inferred 

Ag 

20 g/t Ag 

Indicated 

Inferred 

Sulphide 

0.30 % CuEq  Indicated 

Inferred 

52.5 

31.7 

175.3 

94.7 

36.5 

17.0 

108.6 

95.5 

0.05 

0.08 

0.42 

0.30 

0.52 

0.40 

0.28 

0.29 

0.42 

0.36 

0.29 

0.30 

0.41 

0.43 

0.32 

0.32 

3.0 

2.4 

2.8 

2.3 

69.5 

78.9 

2.2 

2.4 

9.2 

7.8 

59 

57 

1,636 

624 

421 

149 

658 

612 

2,774 

1,442 

710 

368 

1,630 

924 

485 

235 

1,129 

983 

3,954 

2,510 

5,060 

2,470 

15,530 

6,970 

81,600 

43,130 

7,690 

7,420 

109,880 

59,990 

Total 

Indicated 

372.9 

0.34 

0.33 

Inferred 

238.9 

0.27 

0.33 

For further details, please refer to the Company’s news release dated August 21, 2017. 

Completion of Second Phase of Metallurgical Testwork  

A comprehensive second phase metallurgical testwork program was undertaken on behalf of the Company by SGS 
Canada Inc. in Lakefield, Ontario, and completed during the third quarter of 2017.  

The program focused on the testing of gold oxide and copper-gold oxide material collected from both the main Filo 
del Sol and Tamberias zones during the 2016/2017 exploration season under column leaching conditions, as well as 
material  gathered  from  the  silver  zone.  Testing  was  conducted  separately  for  each  of  these  three  types  of 
mineralization, and highlights are as follows:  

  Gold Oxide Zone: 
Test Method 
Average Recoveries 

Other Observations 

Two cyanide column leach tests on material crushed to 1.5” and ¾” 
- Gold: 92.8% 
- Silver: 69.8% 
- No significant impacts from varying crush size 
- Rapid leach kinetics, with over 90% gold recovery within first 15 days 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Variability Testing  
Results 

Seven coarse bottle roll tests (minus 10 mesh) averaged: 
- Gold: 92.8% 
- Silver: 39.0% 

Copper-Gold Oxide Zone: 

Test Method 
Average Recoveries 

Other Observations 

Variability Testing  
Results 

Silver Zone: 

Test Method 
Recoveries 

Two sequential column leach tests on material crushed to 1.5” and ¾” 
- Copper: 81.9% 
- Gold: 86.7% 
- Silver: 70.8% 
-  Copper  leaching  required  minimal  sulfuric  acid;  copper  in  test  material 
often water soluble 
- Rapid leach kinetics, with over 80% copper recovery within first 15 days 
of acid leaching, and over 80% gold recovery within first 15 days of cyanide 
leaching 
Five sequential coarse bottle roll tests (minus 10 mesh) averaged: 
- Copper: 92.2% 
- Gold: 88.2% 
- Silver: 59.9% 

- Sequential bottle roll test1 (minus 10 mesh) 
- Copper: 60.8% 
- Gold: 63.5% 
- Silver: 72.8% 

1 Silver zone material for metallurgical testing was collected from reverse circulation drill cuttings, which were not coarse 
enough for column testing, and for which only sequential bottle roll testing could be performed. 

Completion of PEA  

Supported by the positive milestones achieved during 2017, the Company commissioned the undertaking of a formal, 
independent PEA of the Filo del Sol Project. The PEA was completed in November 2017 by SRK and contemplated the 
updated Mineral Resource estimate, using open-pit mining and heap leach processing of only the oxide portions of the 
Resource. The results of the PEA demonstrate robust project economics for the Project, which are highlighted by the 
following: 

  Estimated after-tax NPV of US$ 705 million using an 8% discount rate and an estimated IRR of 23%;  
  Estimated pre-production capital cost of US$ 792 million, including US$ 71 million in capitalized pre-stripping;  
  Average estimated annual production of approximately 50,000 tonnes of copper, 115,000 ounces of gold, and 

over 5 million ounces of silver per year;  

  Estimated Life of Mine revenue split approximately 56% copper, 26% gold, and 18% silver;  
  Robust resource, with most of the mine plan derived from Indicated Mineral Resources (79%);  
  Open pit mining followed by heap leach processing to produce copper cathode and gold-silver doré; and  
  Excellent metallurgy and fast leach kinetics provide unique processing opportunities  

For further details, please refer to the Company’s news release dated November 28, 2017. 

The PEA is preliminary in nature and is partly based on Inferred Mineral Resources that are considered 
too  speculative  geologically  to  have  the  economic  considerations  applied  to  them  that  would  enable 
them to be categorized as Mineral Reserves, and there is no certainty that the preliminary assessment 
based on these Mineral Resources will be realized.  Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do 
not have demonstrated economic viability. 

The Technical Report, which summarizes the results of the PEA, is available for review under the Company's profile 
on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on the Company's website at www.filo-mining.com.  

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Initiation of the 2017/2018 Field Program 

A planned 10,000 metre drill program designed to upgrade Inferred resources to the Indicated category and provide 
additional samples for metallurgical testwork and geotechnical characterization of the planned open pit was initiated 
on December 16, 2017.  

CORPORATE UPDATE 

Changes to Executive Team 

The  Company  appointed  Mr.  James  Beck  as  the  Company’s  Vice  President,  Corporate  Development  and  Projects 
effective February 1, 2017. Mr. Beck is a registered Professional Engineer in the province of Ontario, holds a Bachelor 
of Applied Science from Queen's University and an MBA from the University of British Columbia. Mr. Beck also serves 
as the Vice President, Corporate Development and Projects of NGEx Resources Inc. (“NGEx”), an exploration company 
listed on the TSX and Nasdaq Stockholm. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Beck was the Company’s Director, Corporate 
Development. 

Effective  September  11,  2017,  the  Company  appointed  Mr.  Adam  Lundin  as  the  Company’s  President  and  Chief 
Executive Officer, in replacement of Dr. Wojtek Wodzicki, who stepped down to focus on his activities as President 
and Chief Executive Officer of NGEx. Mr. Lundin was also appointed to the Company’s Board of Directors, while Dr. 
Wodzicki will continue to serve as a Director of Filo Mining and a lead advisor to the Company’s technical team.  

Mr. Lundin's industry expertise and market understanding will build on the success that the Company has achieved 
and he will be focused on helping the Company achieve its long-term strategic goals. He brings a recognized legacy 
and years of international finance and capital markets experience to Filo Mining, complementing the Company's strong 
technical team. He is well placed to lead Filo Mining through the next phase of its growth into a significant copper, 
gold, and silver producer.  

Credit Facility 

On January 12, 2018, the Company obtained a US$ 2.0 million short-term credit facility from an insider of the Company 
(the  “Facility”)  to  provide  additional  financial  flexibility  to  fund  ongoing  exploration  at  the  Filo  del  Sol  Project  and 
general corporate purposes. As consideration, the lender was entitled to 6,000 common shares of the Company upon 
execution of the Facility, and will be issued an additional 300 common shares each month, for every US$ 50,000 in 
principal outstanding on the Facility, prorated accordingly for the number of days outstanding. There is no interest 
payable  in  cash  during  the  term  of  the  Facility,  and  all  common  shares  issued  in  conjunction  with  the  Facility  are 
subject to a four-month hold period under applicable securities laws. As of March 19, 2018, the Company has issued 
a total of 12,300 common shares to the lender as consideration for providing the Facility to the Company, in lieu of 
cash fees. 

On February 28, 2018, all amounts drawn to date under the Facility were repaid in full following closing of a bought-
deal  equity  financing  and  concurrent  non-brokered  private  placement  (see  section  below).  The  Facility  remains 
available until January 12, 2019. 

Closing of Financings for $25.5 Million  

On February 28, 2018, the Company closed the sale of 5,894,231 common shares of the Company on a bought deal 
basis to a syndicate of underwriters led by Haywood Securities Inc. (the “Underwriters”), at a price of $2.60 per share 
(the “Issue Price”) for total gross proceeds of approximately $15.3 million (the “Offering”), which includes 124,231 
common shares issued on partial exercise of an over-allotment option. The Underwriters have the option to purchase 
up to an additional 741,269 common shares at the Issue Price for a period of 30 days from February 28, 2018 (the 
“Over-allotment Option”). The gross proceeds generated from the Offering are subject to a 5.0% commission, payable 
in cash. 

5 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On  February  28,  2018,  the  Company  also  closed  a  concurrent  private  placement  of  3,928,964  common  shares, 
including 82,810 common shares issued to adjust for the Underwriters’ partial exercise of the Over-allotment Option, 
at  the  Issue  Price,  for  gross  proceeds  of  approximately  $10.2  million  (the  “Concurrent  Private  Placement”).  The 
participants to the Concurrent Private Placement, which include an insider of the Company, may purchase up to an 
additional 494,113 common shares of the Company at the Issue Price to adjust for the Underwriters’ further exercise 
of the Over-allotment Option, if any. 

The Company plans to use the net proceeds from the Offering and Concurrent Private Placement for exploration and 
development at the Filo del Sol Project, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. A portion of the net 
proceeds have also been used to repay the amounts drawn under the Facility. 

OUTLOOK 

In November 2017, the Company initiated the work program at the Filo del Sol Project for the 2017/2018 field season, 
which coincides with the South American summer. This program is based on recommendations from the PEA and will 
collect the data required to support the undertaking of a Pre-Feasibility Study (“PFS”), which was launched in January 
2018, and is targeted for completion by the first quarter of 2019. The Company has engaged Ausenco Engineering 
Canada Inc. to lead the PFS.  

The current design of the field work program includes reverse circulation and diamond drilling for resource conversion, 
metallurgical sample collection and geotechnical information, as well as infrastructure site investigations and ongoing 
metallurgical and environmental studies. In addition, the PEA highlighted several opportunities for unlocking value at 
the Filo del Sol Project, which will be explored by the Company during the PFS, such as: 

  Evaluating unique processing opportunities to take advantage of the fast leach kinetics noted in metallurgical 
testwork completed to date, which could reduce project capital by recovering soluble copper through installing 
a  conventional  washing  system  for  process  feed  after  the  crushing  circuit.  Further  study  of  this  option  is 
planned and, if successful, the washing stage could eliminate the permanent copper and on/off leach pads 
and their associated materials handling systems, saving on capital and operating costs associated with these 
installations; 

  Optimizing  the  mine  plan  and  production  schedules  by  evaluating  opportunities  to  smooth  production  and 

bring forward copper revenues; 
Increasing metallurgical recoveries with further test work and optimization; and 

 
  Delineating more or higher-grade material through continued exploration on the Company's extensive land 
package. The deposit remains open in most directions with several additional exploration targets outside of 
the immediate deposit area that have seen only preliminary exploration work. In addition, there are areas to 
cover near the deposit that have not been drill tested and are prospective for additional discoveries.  

With the recently completed PEA and a PFS currently underway on the Filo del Sol Project, together with a treasury 
replenished by the $25.5 million financings discussed above, the Company is well position to make strides towards 
advancing the Filo del Sol Project. The results of the PFS will guide the direction taken by the Company with respect 
to the Filo del Sol Project and may lead to further advanced studies of the Project. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RESULTS FROM OPERATIONS 

Year Ended 

Net loss ($000’s) 

Loss per share, basic and diluted ($) 

Dec-17 

Dec-161 

Dec-151 

18,695 

0.30 

8,666 

0.16 

11,817 

0.23 

Total assets ($000’s) 

6,355 
1 Amounts presented in the table prior to the completion of the NGEx Arrangement on August 16, 2016 were carved 
out from figures previously reported by NGEx in accordance with the continuity of interest basis of accounting. 

10,193 

26,151 

Filo Mining is a junior exploration company and, as such, its net losses are largely driven by its exploration and 
project  investigation activities and there is  no expectation  of generating operating profits  until it identifies  and 
develops a commercially viable mineral deposit.  

Key financial results for the last eight quarters are provided in the table below. 

Three Months Ended 

Dec-17 

Sep-17 

Jun-17 

Mar-17 

Dec-16 

Sep-161 

Jun-161  Mar-161 

Exploration costs ($000's) 

3,605 

1,227 

1,257 

8,930 

4,403 

Operating loss ($000’s) 

4,564 

2,538 

2,042 

9,565 

5,379 

Net loss ($000’s) 

4,580 

2,549 

2,053 

9,513 

5,297 

457 

858 

860 

331 

1,286 

634 

1,789 

646 

1,862 

Net loss per share, basic and 
diluted ($) 

0.07 

0.04 

0.03 

0.15 

0.09 

0.02 

0.01 

0.05 

1 Amounts presented in the table relating to periods prior to August 16, 2016, the completion date of the NGEx Arrangement, have been 
prepared and presented in accordance with the continuity of interest basis of accounting. 

Due to the  geographic location  of  the  Filo del  Sol  Project, the  Company’s  business activities fluctuate with the 
seasons, through increased drilling and other exploration activities during the summer months in South America. 
As a result, a general recurring trend is the increase in exploration expenditures, and therefore net losses, for the 
fourth quarter and first quarter of a fiscal year, relative to the second and third quarters. In addition, other relevant 
factors, such as the financial position of the Company, other corporate initiatives, as well as the type of planned 
exploration/project work, could affect the level of exploration activities and net loss in a particular period.  

Filo  Mining  incurred  a  net  loss  of  $18.7  million  (2016:  $8.7  million)  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017. 
Exploration and project investigation costs are the most significant expenditures of the Company and account for 
approximately 80% (2016: 75%) of the net loss during the year.  This is reflective of the Company’s accounting 
policy  to  expense  its  exploration  costs  through  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  loss,  except  for 
mineral property option payments and mineral property acquisition costs.   

Exploration and project investigation costs for the year ended December 31, 2017, totalled $15.0 million, which 
exceeded the prior year (2016: $6.5 million). This increase is due to the execution of a larger exploration program 
during  the  2016/2017  exploration  season  and,  to  a  lesser  extent,  higher  costs  related  to  engineering  and 
conceptual  studies  incurred  as  a  result  of  the  undertaking  and  completion  of  the  PEA  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2017. Detailed breakdowns of exploration costs for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, 
are provided in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

Excluding  share-based  compensation,  administration  costs  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  were  $2.0 
million  (2016:  $1.3  million).    Share-based  compensation,  a  non-cash  cost,  reflects  the  amortization  of  the 
estimated fair value of options over their vesting period and is based to a large degree on the Company’s share 
price and its volatility. The actual future value to the option holders may differ materially from these estimates as 
it depends on the trading price of the Company’s shares if and when the options are exercised. In addition, as the 
granting of options and their vesting is at the discretion of the Board, the related expense is unlikely to be uniform 
across quarters or financial years.  

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The  higher  compensation,  travel,  and  promotion  costs  incurred  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017, 
compared to the 2016 comparative year, reflect the additional corporate costs associated with operating a stand-
alone public entity following the completion of the NGEx Arrangement on August 16, 2016, including $0.2 million 
in incentive bonuses granted by the Board of Directors to certain officers and employees of the Company during 
2017.  

No  tax  recovery  is  recognized  as  a  result  of  the  nature  of  the  Company’s  activities  and  the  lack  of  reasonably 
expected taxable profits in the near term.  
In other comprehensive loss, the Company reported a foreign exchange translation loss of $189,000 (2016: gain 
of  $12,000)  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  on  translation  of  subsidiary  company  accounts  from  their 
functional currency to the Canadian dollar presentation currency. This is principally the result of fluctuations of 
the Canadian dollar relative to the Chilean peso and Argentine peso during the respective periods. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES  

As at December 31, 2017, the Company had cash of $2.4 million and net working capital of $1.5 million, compared 
to cash of $19.5 million and net working capital of $17.7 million as at December 31, 2016. The decrease in the 
Company’s  cash  and  net  working  capital  is  due  primarily  to  funds  directed  towards  advancing  the  Filo  del  Sol 
Project, and to a lesser extent, funds spent for general corporate purposes. This has been partially offset by the 
receipt of approximately $1.0 million as proceeds from the exercise of share options during the year. 

On January 12, 2018, the Company executed the Facility, which enabled access to up to US$ 2.0 million in short-term 
credit,  to  provide  additional  financial  flexibility  to  fund  ongoing  exploration  at  the  Filo  del  Sol  Project  and  general 
corporate purposes. As consideration, the lender was entitled to 6,000 common shares of the Company upon execution 
of the Facility, and will be issued an additional 300 common shares each month, for every US$ 50,000 in principal 
outstanding on the Facility, prorated accordingly for the number of days outstanding. There is no interest payable in 
cash during the term of the Facility, and all common shares issued in conjunction with the Facility are subject to a 
four-month hold period under applicable securities laws. As of March 19, 2018, the Company has issued a total of 
12,300 common shares to the lender as consideration for providing the Facility to the Company, in lieu of cash fees. 
The Facility remains available until January 12, 2019. 

On February 28, 2018, the Company closed the aggregate sale of 9,823,195 common shares of the Company pursuant 
to the Offering and the Concurrent Private Placement for gross proceeds of approximately $25.5 million (see Corporate 
Update section above). A portion of the net proceeds received were used to repay all amounts drawn to date under 
the  Facility,  and  the  Company  plans  to  use  the  remaining  net  proceeds  from  the  Offering  and  Concurrent  Private 
Placement for exploration and development at the Filo del Sol Project, and for working capital and general corporate 
purposes.  

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Related party services 

The  Company  has  a  cost  sharing  arrangement  with  NGEx,  a  related  party  by  way  of  directors,  officers  and 
shareholders in common.  Under the terms of this arrangement, the Company provides executive management, 
technical  exploration  and  exploration  support  services  to  NGEx,  and  NGEx  provides  financial  management  and 
administrative  services  to  the  Company.  In  addition,  the  Company  engages  Bofill  Mir  &  Alvarez  Jana  Abogados 
Ltda. (“BMJAL”), a Chilean legal firm, of which a director of the Company is a partner. These transactions were 
incurred in the normal course of operations, and are summarized as follows: 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Executive management, technical exploration and 

exploration support services to NGEx 

Financial management and administrative services 

from NGEx 

Legal services from BMJAL 

Related party balances 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

2017 

  1,296,287 

325,188 

(142,815) 
67,965 

(58,131) 
- 

The amounts due from (to) related parties, and the components of the consolidated statement of financial position in 
which they are included, are as follows: 

Receivables and other assets 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

Key management compensation 

Related Party 

December 31, 
2017 

December 31, 
 2016 

NGEx 

NGEx 
BMJAL 

366,435 

(93,617) 
(23,135) 

222,556 

(56,025) 
- 

The Company’s key management personnel have the authority and responsibility for overseeing, planning, directing 
and controlling its activities and consist of the Board of Directors and members of the executive management team.  
Total compensation expense for key management personnel, and the composition thereof, is as follows: 

Salaries 

Short-term employee benefits 

Directors fees 

Stock-based compensation 

Incentive bonuses 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

2017 

1,341,539 
35,617 
86,583 
1,548,394 
207,000 
3,219,133 

268,500 
10,044 
25,973 
459,587 
- 
764,104 

Up until the completion of the NGEx Arrangement on August 16, 2016, no compensation was paid to the Company’s 
officers  or  directors.  The  compensation  costs  reported  for  key  management  personnel  therefore  only  reflect 
compensation costs incurred subsequent to August 16, 2016. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES  

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  IFRS,  such  as  the  underlying 
consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, requires management to make estimates 
and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities  and  expenditures.  These  estimates  and 
assumptions  are  based  on  management’s  best  knowledge  of  the  relevant  facts  and  circumstances  taking  into 
account  previous  experience.  Actual  results  could  differ  from  those  estimates  and  such  differences  could  be 
material. Estimates are reviewed on an ongoing basis and are based on historical experience and other facts and 
circumstances. Revisions to estimates and the resulting effects on the carrying amounts of the Company’s assets 
and liabilities are accounted for prospectively. Information about estimates and assumptions that could have the 
most significant effect on the recognition and measurement of assets is provided below. 

Valuation of mineral properties – The Company carries the acquisition costs of its mineral properties at cost 
less  any  provision  for  impairment.  The  Company  undertakes  periodic  reviews  of  the  carrying  values  of  mineral 
properties and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may exceed their 
fair value. In undertaking these reviews, management of the Company is required to make significant estimates. 
These estimates are subject to various risks and uncertainties, which may ultimately have an effect on the expected 
recoverability of the carrying values of the mineral properties and related expenditures. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The Company’s significant account policies are described in Note 3 of the audited consolidated financial statements 
for year ended December 31, 2017, as on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

New Accounting Pronouncements 

The IASB and the IFRS Interpretations Committee (previously the International Financial Reporting Interpretations 
Committee,  IFRIC)  have  issued  a  number  of  new  and  revised  International  Accounting  Standards,  IFRS 
amendments and related interpretations which are effective for the Company for periods after December 31, 2017, 
beginning  on  the  dates  indicated  below.    Pronouncements  that  are  not  applicable  to  the  Company  have  been 
excluded from those described below. 

Pronouncement 
IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments  will  replace  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments:  
Recognition and Measurement.   The new standard provides a model for 
the  classification  and  measurement  of  financial  instruments,  a  single 
forward-looking  “expected  loss”  impairment  model,  and  a  reformed 
approach  for  hedge  accounting.  Based  on  its  current  circumstances,  the 
Company does not expect any material impact on the financial position and 
results of the Company to arise from the adoption of IFRS 9. 

Effective Date  
Required to be applied 
for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 2018. 

IFRS  7 Financial instruments – disclosure  has  been  amended  to  require 
additional  disclosures  on  transition  from  IAS  39  to  IFRS  9.  Based  on  its 
current circumstances, the Company does not expect any material impact 
to arise from the adoption of IFRS 7. 

Required to be applied 
for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 2018. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IFRS  16  Leases specifies  how  leases  should  be  recognized,  measured, 
presented and disclosed.  The standard provides a single lessee accounting 
model,  requiring  lessees  to  recognize  assets  and  liabilities  for  all  leases 
unless the lease term is 12 months or less or the underlying asset has a low 
value. Lessors continue to classify leases as operating or finance, with IFRS 
16’s  approach  to  lessor  accounting  substantially  unchanged  from  its 
predecessor,  IAS  17.  The  Company  is  currently  assessing  whether  the 
adoption of this new standard would have a material impact on the financial 
position and results of the Company. 

Required to be applied 
for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 2019. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, receivables and other assets, and trade payables and accrued 
liabilities,  with  carrying  values  considered  to  be  reasonable  approximations  of  fair  value  due  to  the  short-term 
nature of these instruments.   

As  at  December  31,  2017,  the  Company’s  financial  instruments  are  exposed  to  the  following  financial  risks, 
including credit, liquidity and currency risks: 

(i)  Credit  risks  associated  with  cash  is  minimal  as  the  Company  deposits  the  majority  of  its  cash 
with  a  large  Canadian  financial  institution  that  has  been  accorded  a  strong  investment  grade 
rating by a primary rating agency.   

(ii)  Liquidity risks associated with the inability to meet obligations as they become due is minimized 
through  the  management  of  its  capital  structure  and  by  maintaining  good  relationships  with 
bankers. The Company also closely monitors and reviews its costs to date and actual cash flows 
on a monthly basis. In assessing liquidity risk as at December 31, 2017, the Company has also 
considered the impact of proceeds received from equity financings, which closed on February 28, 
2018 (see Corporate Update section above). 

The maturities of the Company’s financial liabilities as at December 31, 2017 are as follows: 

Accounts payable and  
    accrued liabilities 

Total 

Less than 

Total 

1 year  1-5 years 

More than 
5 years 

2,252,172 

2,252,172 

2,252,172 

2,252,172 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(iii)  Foreign  currency  risk  can  arise  when  the  Company  or  its  subsidiaries  transact  or  have  net 
financial  assets  or  liabilities  which  are  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  their  respective 
functional currencies. 

At December 31, 2017, the Company’s largest foreign currency risk exposure existed at the level 
of its Chilean operating subsidiary, Frontera Chile Limitada (“Frontera”), which held a net financial 
asset position denominated in US dollars having a Canadian dollar equivalent of approximately 
$171,000. A 10% change in the foreign exchange rate between the US dollar, and the Chilean 
peso,  Frontera’s  functional  currency,  would  give  rise  to  increases/decreases  of  approximately 
17,000 Canadian dollars in financial position/comprehensive loss. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA 

As  at March  19, 2018, the Company had 72,137,279 common shares outstanding and  4,585,416  share options 
outstanding under its share-based incentive plan.  

RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

The  operations  of  the  Company  are  speculative  due  to  the  high-risk  nature  of  its  business  which  includes  the 
acquisition, financing, exploration, development and operation of mining properties.  There are a number of factors 
that  could negatively affect  the Company’s  business and the  value  of its common  shares,  including  the  factors 
listed below. The following information pertains to the outlook and conditions currently known to the  Company 
that could have a material impact on the financial condition of the Company. Other factors may arise that are not 
currently foreseen by management of the Company that may present additional risks in the future. Current and 
prospective security holders of the Company should carefully consider these risk factors, as they could materially 
affect the Company’s future operations and could cause actual events to differ materially from those described in 
forward-looking statements relating to the Company.  

A  detailed  discussion  of  the  significant  risks  and  uncertainties  identified  by  the  Company  are  provided  in  the 
Company’s  most  recent  Annual  Information  Form  (“AIF”),  as  filed  on  SEDAR  at  www.sedar.com.  The  more 
significant risks, as they relate to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 
31, 2017 and this MD&A, include: 

Exploration and Development Risk  

The  Company’s  properties  are  in  the  exploration  stage  and  are  without  a  known  body  of  commercial  ore.  
Exploration  for  Mineral  Resources  involves  a  high  degree  of  risk  and  few  properties  that  are  explored  are 
ultimately developed into producing mines. The risks and uncertainties inherent in exploration activities include 
but are not limited to: legal and political risk arising from operating in certain developing countries, civil unrest, 
general economic, market and business conditions, the regulatory process and actions, failure to obtain necessary 
permits and approvals, technical issues, new legislation, competitive and general economic factors and conditions, 
the uncertainties resulting from potential delays or changes in plans, the occurrence of unexpected events and 
management’s capacity to execute and implement its future plans.  Discovery of mineral deposits is dependent 
upon a number of factors, not the least of which are the technical skills of the exploration personnel involved and 
the capital required for the programs.  The cost of conducting programs may be substantial and the likelihood of 
success is difficult to assess.  There is no assurance that the Company’s mineral exploration activities will result 
in any discoveries of new bodies of commercial ore. There is also no assurance that even if commercial quantities 
of ore are discovered that a new ore body would be developed and brought into commercial production.  The 
commercial viability of a mineral deposit once discovered is also dependent upon a number of factors, some of 
which are the particular attributes of the deposit (such as size, grade, metallurgy and proximity to infrastructure 
and labour), the interpretation of geological data obtained from drilling and sampling, feasibility studies, the cost 
of water and power; anticipated climatic conditions; cyclical metal prices; fluctuations in inflation and currency 
exchange rates; higher input commodity and labour costs, commodity prices, government regulations, including 
regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure and use, allowable production, importing and exporting 
of minerals, and environmental protection.  Most of the above factors are beyond the control of the Company.   
Development  projects  will  also  be  subject  to  the  successful  completion  of  final  feasibility  studies,  issuance  of 
necessary permits and other governmental approvals and receipt of adequate financing. The exact effect of these 
factors  cannot  be  accurately  predicted,  but  the  combination  of  any  of  these  factors  may  adversely  affect  the 
Company’s business. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
Negative Operating Cash Flow 

The Company is an exploration stage company and has not generated cash flow from operations. The Company 
is devoting significant resources to the development and acquisition of its properties, however there can be no 
assurance that it will generate positive cash flow from operations in the future. The Company expects to continue 
to incur negative consolidated operating cash flow and losses until such time as it achieves commercial production 
at a particular project. The Company currently has negative cash flow from operating activities.  

Mineral Resource Estimates 

The Company’s reported Mineral Resources are estimations only. No assurance can be given that the estimated 
Mineral Resources will be recovered. By their nature, Mineral Resource estimations are imprecise and depend, to 
a certain extent, upon statistical inferences, which may ultimately prove unreliable because, among other factors, 
they  are  based  on  limited  sampling,  and,  consequently,  are  uncertain  because  the  samples  may  not  be 
representative. Mineral Resource estimations may require revision (either up or down). 

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating Mineral Resources, including many factors beyond the 
Company’s control. Such estimation is a subjective process, and the accuracy of any Mineral Resource estimate 
is a function of the quantity and quality of available data and of the assumptions made and judgments used in 
engineering and geological interpretation.  There can be no assurance that recoveries in small scale laboratory 
tests will be duplicated in larger scale tests under on-site conditions. In particular, factors that may affect Mineral 
Resource estimates include: 

  changes in interpretations of mineralization geometry and continuity of mineralization zones; 
  input parameters used in the Whittle shell that constrains the Mineral Resources amenable to open 

pit mining methods; 

  metallurgical and mining recoveries; 
  operating and capital cost assumptions; 
  metal price and exchange rate assumptions; 
  confidence in modifying factors, including assumptions that surface rights to allow infrastructure to 

be constructed will be forthcoming; 

  delays or other issues in reaching agreements with local or regulatory authorities and stakeholders; 
  changes in land tenure requirements or permitting requirements from those discussed in the report; 

and 

  changes in the environmental regulations or laws governing the property. 

Changes in key assumptions and parameters could result in a restatement of Mineral Resource estimates. Mineral 
Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability and there is no assurance 
that  they  will  ever  be  mined  or  processed  profitably.  Due  to  the  uncertainty  which  may  attach  to  Mineral 
Resources, there is no assurance that all or any part of Measured or Indicated Mineral Resources will ever be 
converted into Mineral Reserves. Any material reductions in estimates of Mineral Resources could have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. 

Title Risk 

The Company has investigated its right to explore and exploit its properties and, to the best of its knowledge, 
those rights  are  in good standing.  The results  of the Company’s investigations  should  not  be construed as a 
guarantee of title.  Other parties may dispute the title to a property, or the property may be subject to prior 
unregistered agreements or liens and transfers or land claims by aboriginal, native, or indigenous peoples. The 
title may be affected by undetected encumbrances or defects or governmental actions. The Company has not 
conducted surveys of all of its properties, and the precise area and location of claims or the properties may be 
challenged and no assurances can be given that there are no title defects affecting such properties.  The rules 
governing  mining  concessions  in  Chile  and  Argentina  are  complex  and  any  failure  by  the  Company  to  meet 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
requirements would have a material adverse effect on the Company.  Any defects in the title to the Company’s 
properties could have a material and adverse effect on the Company. 

No assurance can be given that applicable governments will not revoke or significantly alter the conditions of the 
applicable exploration and mining authorizations nor that such exploration and mining authorizations will not be 
challenged or impugned by third parties.  Although the Company has not had any problem renewing its licenses 
in the past there is no guarantee that it will always be able to do so. Inability to renew a license could result in 
the loss of any project located within that license. 

The Company is earning an interest in the Tamberias property through an option agreement requiring property 
payments and acquisition of title to the properties is completed only when the option conditions have been met.   
If  the  Company  does  not  satisfactorily  complete  these  option  conditions  in  the  period  laid  out  in  the  option 
agreements, the Company’s title to the related property will not vest and the Company will have to write down 
its previously capitalized costs related to that property. 

Foreign Operations Risk 

The Company conducts exploration activities in foreign countries, including Argentina and Chile.  Each of these 
countries exposes the Company to risks that may not otherwise be experienced if all operations were located in 
Canada.    The  risks  vary  from  country  to  country  and  can  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  civil  unrest  or  war, 
terrorism, illegal mining, changing political conditions, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, expropriation or 
nationalization without adequate compensation, changes to royalty and tax regimes, high rates of inflation, labour 
unrest  and  difficulty  in  understanding  and  complying  with  the  regulatory  and  legal  framework  respecting 
ownership and maintenance of mineral properties.  Changes in mining or investment policies or shifts in political 
attitudes may also adversely affect Corporation’s existing assets and operations.  Real and perceived political risk 
may also affect Corporation’s ability to finance exploration programs and attract joint venture or option partners, 
and future mine development opportunities. 

Numerous  countries have introduced changes to mining regimes that  reflect increased government control or 
participation  in  the  mining  sector,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  changes  of  law  affecting  foreign  ownership, 
mandatory government participation, taxation and royalties, exploration licensing, export duties, and repatriation 
of  income  or  return  of  capital.    There  can  be  no  assurance  that  industries,  which  are  deemed  of  national  or 
strategic  importance  in  countries  in  which  the  Company  has  assets,  including  mineral  exploration,  will  not  be 
nationalized.  There  is  a  risk  that  further  government  limitations,  restrictions  or  requirements,  not  presently 
foreseen,  will  be  implemented.  Changes  in  policy  that  alter  laws  regulating  the  mining  industry  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company’s assets in these countries 
will not be subject to nationalization, requisition or confiscation, whether legitimate or not, by an authority or 
body. 

In addition, in the event of a dispute arising from foreign operations, the Company may be subject to the exclusive 
jurisdiction of foreign courts or may not be successful in subjecting foreign persons to the jurisdiction of courts 
in  Canada.  The  Company  also  may  be  hindered  or  prevented  from  enforcing  its  rights  with  respect  to  a 
governmental instrumentality because of the doctrine of sovereign immunity. It is not possible for the Company 
to accurately predict such developments or changes in laws or policy or to what extent any such developments 
or changes may have a material adverse effect on the Company. 

Metal Price Risk 

The Company’s portfolios of properties and investments have exposure to predominantly copper, gold, and silver.  
Commodity prices fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control, such as 
the sale or purchase of metals by various central banks and financial institutions, interest rates, exchange rates, 
inflation or deflation, fluctuation in the value of the United States dollar and foreign currencies, global and regional 
supply and demand, and the political and economic conditions of major metals-producing and metals-consuming 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
countries throughout the world.  The prices of these metals greatly affect the value of the Company, the price of 
the common shares of the Company and the potential value of its properties  and investments.  This, in turn, 
greatly affects its ability to form joint ventures, option agreements and the structure of any joint ventures formed.  
This is due, at least in part, to the underlying value of the Company’s assets at different metals prices. 

Uncertainty of Funding 

The exploration and development of mineral properties requires a substantial amount of capital and may depend 
on  the  Company’s  ability  to  obtain  financing  through  joint  ventures,  debt  financing,  equity  financing  or  other 
means.  General market conditions, volatile metals prices, a claim against the Company, a significant disruption 
to the Company’s business, or other factors may make it difficult to secure the necessary financing. There is no 
assurance that the Company will be successful in obtaining required financing as and when needed on acceptable 
terms. Failure to obtain any necessary additional financing may result in delaying or indefinite postponement of 
exploration or development or even a loss of property interest.  If the Company needs to raise additional funds, 
such financing may substantially dilute the interests of shareholders of the Company and reduce the value of 
their investment. 

Future offerings of debt or equity securities 

The Company may require additional funds to finance further exploration, development and production activities, 
or to take advantage of unanticipated opportunities.  If the Company raises additional funds by issuing additional 
equity  securities,  such  financing  would  dilute  the  economic  and  voting  rights  of  the  Company’s  shareholders.  
Since the Company’s capital needs depend on market conditions and other factors beyond its control, it cannot 
predict  or  estimate  the  amount,  timing  or  nature  of  any  such  future  offering  of  securities.    Thus,  holders  of 
common shares of the Company bear the risk of any future offerings reducing the market price of the common 
shares and diluting their shareholdings in the Company. 

Economic and Political Instability in Argentina 

The Filo del Sol Project is located in San Juan Province, Argentina.  There are risks relating to an uncertain or 
unpredictable political and economic environment in Argentina, especially as there is social opposition to mining 
operations in certain parts of the country. During an economic crisis in 2001 to 2003 and again in 2014, Argentina 
defaulted  on  foreign  debt  repayments  and  on  the  repayment  on  a  number  of  official  loans  to  multinational 
organizations.  In  addition,  the  government  has  renegotiated  or  defaulted  on  contractual  arrangements.  The 
previous Argentinean government placed currency controls on the ability of companies and its citizens to obtain 
United  States dollars, in each  case  requiring Central Bank approval (resulting in,  at  times, a limitation  on the 
ability of multi-national companies to distribute dividends abroad in United States dollars) and revoked exemptions 
previously granted to companies in the oil and gas and mining sectors from the obligation to repatriate 100% of 
their  export  revenues  to  Argentina  for  conversion  in  the  local  foreign  exchange  markets,  prior  to  transferring 
funds locally or overseas. Similarly, the government adopted a requirement that importers provide notice to the 
government and obtain approval for importation before placing orders for certain goods. These measures have 
been lifted by the new government that took office in December 2015.  However, the past actions indicate that 
the Argentinean government may from time to time alter or impose additional requirements or policies that may 
adversely affect the Company’s activities in Argentina or in its ability to attract joint venture partners or obtain 
financing for its projects in the future. 

Currency Risk 

The Company will transact business in a  number of currencies including but  not limited to the  US  Dollar, the 
Argentine Peso and the Chilean Peso. The Argentine Peso in particular has had significant fluctuations in value 
relative to the US and Canadian dollars.  Ongoing economic uncertainty in Argentina as well as unpredictable 
changes to foreign exchange rules may result in fluctuations in the value of the Argentine Peso that are greater 
than those experienced in the recent past.  Fluctuations in exchange rates may have a significant effect on the 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
cash flows of the Company. Future changes in exchange rates could materially affect the Company’s results in 
either a positive or a negative direction. The Company does not currently engage in foreign currency hedging 
activities. 

Internal Controls 

Internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  are  procedures  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
transactions  are  properly  authorized,  assets  are  safeguarded  against  unauthorized  or  improper  use,  and 
transactions are properly recorded and reported. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, 
can  provide  only  reasonable,  not  absolute,  assurance  with  respect  to  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and 
financial statement preparation. 

Information Systems and Cyber Security  

The Company's operations depend on information technology (“IT”) systems.  These IT systems could be subject 
to network disruptions caused by a variety of sources, including computer viruses, security breaches and cyber-
attacks, as  well  as disruptions resulting from incidents such as  cable cuts, damage to physical plants, natural 
disasters, terrorism, fire, power loss, vandalism and theft. The Company's operations also depend on the timely 
maintenance, upgrade and replacement of networks, equipment, IT systems and software, as well as pre-emptive 
expenses  to  mitigate  the  risks  of  failures.  Any  of  these  and  other  events  could  result  in  information  system 
failures,  delays  and/or  increase  in  capital  expenses.  The  failure  of  information  systems  or  a  component  of 
information  systems  could,  depending  on  the  nature  of  any  such  failure,  adversely  impact  the  Company's 
reputation and results of operations.  

Although  to  date  the  Company  has  not  experienced  any  material  losses  relating  to  cyber  attacks  or  other 
information  security  breaches,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company  will  not  incur  such  losses  in  the 
future. The Company's risk and exposure to these matters cannot be fully mitigated because of, among other 
things,  the  evolving  nature  of  these  threats.  As  a  result,  cyber  security  and  the  continued  development  and 
enhancement of controls, processes and practices designed to protect systems, computers, software, data and 
networks from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a priority. As cyber threats continue to evolve, the 
Company may be required to expend additional resources to continue to modify or enhance protective measures 
or to investigate and remediate any security vulnerabilities. 

Corruption and Bribery 

The Company is required to comply with anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, including the Extractive Sector 
Transparency Measures Act, the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act and the U.S. Foreign Corrupt 
Practices Act, as well as similar laws in the countries in which the Company conducts its business. If the Company 
finds itself subject to an enforcement action or is found to be in violation of such laws, this may result in significant 
penalties, fines and/or sanctions imposed on the Company resulting in a material adverse effect on the Company. 

Competition 

There  is  aggressive  competition  within  the  mining  industry  for  the  discovery  and  acquisition  of  properties 
considered to have commercial potential, as well as the necessary labour and supplies required to develop such 
properties.  The Company competes with other exploration and mining companies, many of which have greater 
financial  resources,  operational experience and technical capabilities than the  Company,  for the  acquisition  of 
mineral  claims,  leases  and  other  mineral  interests  as  well  as  for  the  recruitment  and  retention  of  qualified 
employees and other personnel. The Company may not be able to maintain or acquire attractive mining properties 
on terms it considers acceptable, or at all.  Consequently, its financial condition could be materially adversely 
affected. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Uninsurable Risks 

Exploration,  development  and  production  operations  on  mineral  properties  involve  numerous  risks,  including 
unexpected or unusual geological operating conditions, rock bursts, cave-ins, fires, floods, earthquakes and other 
environmental occurrences, as well as political and social instability. It is not always possible to obtain insurance 
against all such risks and the Company may decide not to insure against certain risks because of high premiums 
or other reasons. Should such liabilities arise, they could reduce or eliminate any further profitability and result 
in increasing costs and a decline in the value of the securities of the Company. The Company does not maintain 
insurance against political risks. 

Tax 

The Company runs its business in different countries and strives to run its business in as tax efficient a manner 
as possible. The tax systems in certain of these countries are complicated and subject to changes. For this reason, 
future  negative  effects  on  the  result  of  the  Company  due  to  changes  in  tax  regulations  cannot  be  excluded. 
Repatriation of earnings to Canada from other countries may be subject to withholding taxes. The Company has 
no control over withholding tax rates. 

QUALIFIED PERSON 

The  technical  contents  of  this  MD&A  have  been  reviewed  and  approved  by  Bob  Carmichael,  P.  Eng.  (BC).  Mr. 
Carmichael  is  Filo  Mining's  Vice-President  of  Exploration  and  a  Qualified  Person  under  National  Instrument  43-101 
Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects. 

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

Certain statements made and information contained herein in the MD&A constitutes “forward-looking information” and 
forward-looking  statements”  within  the  meaning  of  applicable  securities  legislation  (collectively,  “forward-looking 
information”  or  “forward-looking  statements”)  concerning  the  business,  operations,  financial  performance  and 
condition of Filo Mining.  The forward-looking information contained in this MD&A is based on information available to 
the Company as of the date of this MD&A. Except as  required under applicable securities legislation, the Company 
does  not  intend,  and  does  not  assume  any  obligation,  to  update  this  forward-looking  information.    Generally,  any 
statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, 
objectives, assumptions or future events or performance, (often, but not always, identified by words or phrases such 
as "plans", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "budget", "scheduled", "estimates", "forecasts", "intends", 
“projects” , “estimates”, “budgets”, “scheduled”, “forecasts”, “assumes”, “intends”, “strategy”, “goals”, “objectives”, 
“potential”, “possible”, "anticipates" or "does not anticipate", or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or 
statements that certain actions, events, conditions or results “will”, "may", "could", "would", “should”, "might" or "will 
be  taken",  "will  occur"  or  "will  be  achieved"  or  the  negative  connotations  thereof  and  similar  expressions)  are  not 
statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements.   

All statements other than statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking information 
is  necessarily  based  on  estimates  and  assumptions  that  are  inherently  subject  to  known  and  unknown  risks, 
uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of 
the Company to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking information, including 
but not limited to: risks and uncertainties relating to, among other things, the inherent uncertainties regarding mineral 
resource  estimates,  cost  estimates,  changes  in  commodity  prices,  currency  fluctuation,  financings,  unanticipated 
resource grades, infrastructure, results of exploration activities, cost overruns, availability of materials and equipment, 
timeliness of government approvals, taxation, political risk and related economic risk and unanticipated environmental 
impact on operations as well as other risks, and uncertainties and other factors, including, without limitation, those 
referred to in the “Risks and Uncertainties” section of the MD&A and in the Company’s most recent Annual Information 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form,  under  the  heading  “Risks  Factors”,  and  elsewhere,  which  may  cause  the  actual  results,  level  of  activity, 
performance  or  achievements  of  the  Company  to  be  materially  different  from  those  expressed  or  implied  by  such 
forward-looking information. 

The Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements and information included in 
this MD&A are reasonable but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct and such 
forward-looking statements and information should not be unduly relied upon.  This statement and information is as 
of the date of the MD&A.  In particular, this MD&A contains forward-looking statements or information pertaining to 
the assumptions used in the PEA for the Filo del Sol project, the assumptions used in the mineral resources estimates 
for the Filo del Sol project, including, but not limited to, geological interpretation, grades, metal price assumptions, 
metallurgical and mining recovery rates, geotechnical and hydrogeological conditions, as applicable; ability to develop 
infrastructure;  assumptions  made  in  the  interpretation  of  drill  results,  geology,  grade  and  continuity  of  mineral 
deposits; expectations regarding access and demand for equipment, skilled labour and services needed for exploration 
and development of mineral properties; and that activities will not be adversely disrupted or impeded by exploration, 
development,  operating,  regulatory,  political,  community,  economic  and/or  environmental  risks.    In  addition,  this 
MD&A contains forward-looking statements or information pertaining to the anticipated undertaking of and  timing for 
the completion of a Pre-Feasibility Study; expected timing or ability to secure additional financing and/or the quantum 
and terms thereof; exploration and development plans and expenditures; the timing and nature of studies and any 
potential  development  scenarios;  opportunities  to  improve  project  economics;  the  success  of  future  exploration 
activities;  potential  for  resource  expansion;  potential  for  the  discovery  of  new  mineral  deposits;  ability  to  build 
shareholder value; expectations with regard to adding to mineral resources through exploration; expectations with 
respect to the conversion of inferred resources to an indicated resources classification; ability to execute the Planned 
Work programs; estimation of commodity prices, mineral resources, costs, and permitting time lines; ability to obtain 
surface  rights  and  property  interests;  currency  exchange  rate  fluctuations;  requirements  for  additional  capital; 
government regulation of mining activities; environmental risks; unanticipated reclamation expenses; title disputes or 
claims; limitations on insurance coverage;  and other risks and uncertainties. 

Forward-looking information is based on certain assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable, including that 
the current price of and demand for commodities will  be sustained or will improve, the supply of commodities  will 
remain stable, that the general business and economic conditions will not change in a material adverse manner, that 
financing will be available if and when needed on reasonable terms and that the Company will not experience any 
material labour dispute, accident, or failure of plant or equipment.  These factors are not, and should not be construed 
as  being,  exhaustive.   Although  the  Company  has  attempted  to  identify  important  factors  that  would  cause  actual 
results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking information, there may be other factors that cause 
results not to be as anticipated, estimated, or intended.  There can be no assurance that such statements will prove 
to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements.  All 
of the forward-looking information contained in this document is qualified by these cautionary statements.  Readers 
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking information due to the inherent uncertainty thereof. 

Statements relating to "mineral resources" are deemed to be forward looking information, as they involve the implied 
assessment,  based  on  certain  estimates  and  assumptions,  that  the  mineral  resources  described  can  be  profitably 
produced in the future. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
March 20, 2018 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders of Filo Mining Corp. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Filo Mining Corp., which 
comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2017 and  
December 31, 2016 and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, cash flows and changes in 
equity for the years then ended, and the related notes, which comprise a summary of significant 
accounting policies and other explanatory information. 

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control 
as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements 
that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditor’s responsibility 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. 
We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those 
standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain 
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material 
misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in 
the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, 
including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, 
whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control 
relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order 
to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing 
an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the 
appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a 
basis for our audit opinion. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers Place, 250 Howe Street, Suite 1400, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 3S7
T: +1 604 806 7000, F: +1 604 806 7806 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

Opinion 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of Filo Mining Corp. as at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and its financial 
performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards. 

(Signed) “PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP” 

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Filo Mining Corp. 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars) 

ASSETS 
Current assets: 

Cash  
Receivables and other assets  

Mineral properties  

TOTAL ASSETS 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities: 
     Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Share capital  
Contributed surplus 
Deficit 
Accumulated other comprehensive 
income (loss) 

TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND 
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Commitments (Note 14) 
Subsequent Events (Note 15) 

Note 

December 31, 
 2017 

December 31, 
2016 

4 

5 

6 

$   2,417,407 
1,296,353 

$   19,464,829 
595,274 

3,713,760 
6,479,344 

10,193,104 

20,060,103 
6,091,311 

26,151,414 

2,252,172 

2,407,145 

59,481,338 
2,877,642 
(54,352,813) 

(65,235) 

7,940,932 

58,511,463 
766,535 
(35,657,695) 

123,966 

23,744,269 

  $   10,193,104 

$   26,151,414 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

On behalf of the Board: 

/s/Alessandro Bitelli   
Director 

/s/Wojtek A. Wodzicki 
Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars) 

Expenses 
   Exploration and project investigation 

   General and administration: 

  Salaries and benefits  
  Share-based compensation  
  Management fees  
  Professional fees 
  Travel 
  Promotion and public relations 
  Office and general 

Operating loss 

Other expenses 

Foreign exchange loss (gain) 

Net loss 

Note 

Year ended 
            December 31, 
2016 
2017 

8 

$ 

15,019,239 

$ 6,477,057 

7c 

1,101,723 
1,659,287 
153,600 
167,763 
182,927 
163,499 
261,226 
18,709,264 

514,894 
872,484 
166,590 
194,994 
50,664 
111,689 
271,819 
8,660,191 

(14,146) 
18,695,118 

5,835 
8,666,026 

Other comprehensive loss (gain) 
   Items that may be reclassified subsequently to net loss: 
      Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Comprehensive loss 

189,201 
$  18,884,319 

(12,283) 
$ 8,653,743 

Basic and diluted loss per common share 

$     0.30 

$     0.16 

Weighted average common shares outstanding 

61,891,059 

52,549,338 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars) 

Cash flows used in operating activities 
Net loss for the year 
Items not involving cash: 

Depreciation 
Share-based compensation  

Net changes in working capital items: 

Receivables and other  
Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from exercise of share options 
Cash received pursuant to private placement 
Cash received pursuant to the NGEx Arrangement 
Funding received from NGEx for operations 

Cash flows used in investing activities 

Mineral properties and related expenditures 

Note 

Year ended 
            December 31, 
2016 
2017 

$  (18,695,118)  $ 

(8,666,026) 

7c 

- 
2,111,107 

7,432 
1,174,488 

(850,040) 
235,416 
(17,198,635) 

(488,347) 
2,453,752 
(5,518,701) 

969,875 
- 
- 
- 
969,875 

76,825 
19,468,716 
3,000,000 
2,718,336 
25,263,877 

5 

(398,012) 
(398,012) 

(756,519) 
(756,519) 

Effect of exchange rate change on cash 

(420,650) 

204,944 

Increase (decrease) in cash during the year 

(17,047,422) 

19,193,601 

Cash, beginning of year 

Cash, end of year 

$ 

19,464,829  $ 

271,228 

$ 

2,417,407  $  19,464,829 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars) 

Balance, January 1, 2016 
Funding and expenses paid by NGEx  
Share-based compensation 
Cash contributed by NGEx pursuant to the 
     NGEx Arrangement  
Shares issued pursuant to the NGEx  
     Arrangement 
Adjustment for shares issued in 
connection  
     with the NGEx Arrangement 
Exercise of options 
Shares issued pursuant to  
     private placement 
Net loss and other comprehensive income 
Balance, December 31, 2016 

Balance, January 1, 2017 
Share-based compensation 
Exercise of options 
Net loss and other  
   comprehensive loss 
Balance, December 31, 2017 

Number of 
Shares 

Note 

Share Capital 

Contributed 
Surplus 

Other Capital 
Reserves 

Deficit 

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss) 

Total 
Shareholders’ 
Equity 

-  $                  -  $                  - 
- 
- 
- 
766,535 
- 
- 

$ 39,752,747 
2,566,602 
407,953 

$(33,753,049) 
- 
- 

$     111,683 
- 
- 

$    6,111,381 
2,566,602 
1,174,488 

- 

- 

51,270,950 

38,965,922 

- 
117,500 

- 
76,825 

- 

- 

- 
- 

3,000,000 

(38,965,922) 

- 

- 

(6,761,380) 
- 

6,761,380 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

3,000,000 

- 

- 
76,825 

10,000,000 
- 

- 
- 
61,388,450  $ 58,511,463  $     766,535 

19,468,716 
- 

- 
(8,666,026) 
$               -  $(35,657,695) 

- 
- 

- 
12,283 
$     123,966 

19,468,716 
(8,653,743) 
$ 23,744,269 

7c 

61,388,450 
- 
880,000 

$   58,511,463 
- 
969,875 

$      766,535  $                  - 
- 
- 

2,111,107 
- 

$  (35,657,695) 
- 
- 

$     123,966 
- 
- 

$    23,744,269 
2,111,107 
969,875 

(18,695,118) 
62,268,450  $ 59,481,338  $  2,877,642  $                   -  $(54,352,813) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(189,201) 
$   (65,235) 

(18,884,319) 
$ 7,940,932 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

1.  NATURE OF OPERATIONS  

Filo Mining Corp. (the “Company” or “Filo Mining”) was incorporated on May 12, 2016 under the Canada 
Business Corporations Act in connection the plan of arrangement to reorganize NGEx Resources Inc. 
(“NGEx”),  which  was  completed  on  August  16,  2016  (the  “NGEx  Arrangement”).  Detailed  disclosure 
pertaining  to  the  NGEx  Arrangement  is  available  in  the  Company’s  audited  consolidated  financial 
statements for the year ended December 31, 2016.  

The Company’s principal business activities are the exploration and development of the Filo del Sol and 
Tamberias  Properties,  which  are  comprised  of  adjacent  mineral  titles  in  the  San  Juan  Province  in 
Argentina and in Chile. Its registered office is located at Suite 2200, 885 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, 
British Columbia, V6C 3E8, Canada.  The Company’s common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange 
(the "TSXV") and the NASDAQ First North Exchange under the symbol "FIL". 

2.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) on 
a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the 
normal course of business. These  consolidated financial statements are prepared on a historical cost 
basis except for certain financial assets, which are measured at fair value. 

In  addition,  certain  comparative  information  as  presented  in  these  consolidated  financial  statements 
have been prepared on a continuity of interest basis of accounting, which requires that prior to August 
16, 2016, the assets, liabilities and results of operations and cash flows of Filo Mining be on a ‘carve-
out’ basis from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of NGEx, in accordance 
with the financial reporting framework specified in subsection 3.11(6) of National Instrument 52-107, 
Acceptable Accounting Principles and Auditing Standards,  for  carve-out  financial  statements.  As  the 
carve-out entity did not operate as a separate legal entity, the financial position, results of operations 
and cash flows do not necessarily reflect the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows had 
the carve-out entity operated as an independent entity during the comparative period presented. 

These consolidated financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors of the 
Company on March 19, 2018.  

3.  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

a) Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the following subsidiaries: 

Subsidiaries 
NGEx Filo del Sol Holdings Inc. 
NGEx Chile Holdings Inc. 
Filo del Sol Uruguay S.A.  
Frontera Holdings (Bermuda) IV Ltd. 
Frontera Holdings (Bermuda) V Ltd. 
Filo del Sol Exploracion S.A. 
Frontera Chile Limitada 

Jurisdiction 
Canada 
Canada 
Uruguay 
Bermuda 
Bermuda 
Argentina 
Chile 

5 

Nature of operations 
Holding company 
Holding company 
Holding company 
Holding company 
Holding company 
Exploration company 
Exploration company 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

The Company consolidates an entity when it has power over that entity, is exposed, or has rights, to 
variable returns from its involvement with that entity and has the ability to affect those returns through 
its power over that entity. 

All the Company’s subsidiaries are wholly-owned and all intercompany balances, transactions, including 
income  and  expenses  arising  from  inter-company  transactions  are  eliminated  in  preparing  the 
consolidated financial statements.   

b) Critical accounting estimates and assumptions 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management 
to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities  and 
expenditures on the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s 
best knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances taking into account previous experience. Actual 
results could differ from those estimates and such differences could be material. Estimates are reviewed 
on an ongoing basis and are based on historical experience and other facts and circumstances. Revisions 
to estimates and the resulting effects on the carrying amounts of the Company’s assets and liabilities are 
accounted  for  prospectively.  Information  about  estimates  and  assumptions  that  could  have  the  most 
significant effect on the recognition and measurement of assets is provided below. 

Valuation of mineral properties – The Company carries the acquisition costs of its mineral properties 
at  cost  less  any  provision  for  impairment.  The  Company  undertakes  periodic  reviews  of  the  carrying 
values of mineral properties and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying 
values  may  exceed  their  fair  value.  In  undertaking  these  reviews,  management  of  the  Company  is 
required to make significant estimates. These estimates are subject to various risks and uncertainties, 
which may ultimately have an effect on the expected recoverability of the carrying values of the mineral 
properties and related expenditures. 

c)  Foreign currency translation 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  Canadian  dollars,  which  is  the  Company’s 
functional  and  presentation  currency.  The  functional  currency  of  its  material  subsidiaries,  which  have 
operations in Chile and Argentina, is the Chilean peso and the Argentine peso, respectively. 

The results and financial positions of the subsidiaries that have a functional currency different from the 
presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows: 

  Assets  and  liabilities  for  each  statement  of  financial  position  presented  are  translated  using  the 

exchange rate prevailing at the date of that statement of financial position. 

 

Income, expenses, and other comprehensive income for each statement of comprehensive income 
are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation 
of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and 
expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of the transactions). 

  All resulting exchange differences are recognized as a separate component of equity and in other 

comprehensive income. 

d) Mineral properties and exploration expenditure 

The Company capitalizes acquisition costs for property rights, including payments for exploration rights 
and estimated fair value of exploration properties acquired as part of a business acquisition.   

6 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

Mineral  exploration  costs  and  maintenance  payments  are  expensed  prior  to  the  determination  that  a 
property has economically recoverable ore reserves. When it has been established that a mineral property 
is  considered  to  be  sufficiently  advanced  to  the  development  stage  and  economic  viability  has  been 
demonstrated,  all  further  expenditures  for  the  current  year  and  subsequent  years  are  capitalized  as 
incurred and subsequently amortized on a units of production based on proven and probable reserves of 
the assets to which they relate. 

e) Impairment of non-financial assets 

Assets  that  are  subject  to  amortization  are  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  loss  is 
recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The 
recoverable  amount  is  the  higher  of  an  asset’s  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  and  value  in  use.  For  the 
purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately 
identifiable cash inflows (cash-generating units, or “CGU’s”). Value in use is determined as the present 
value of future cash inflows expected to be derived from a CGU using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects 
the current time value of money and the risks specific to that CGU. 

Non-financial assets  that  suffered impairment are reviewed for possible  reversal of the impairment at 
each reporting date. 

f)  Financial instrument classification  

In respect of the recognition and measurement of financial instruments, the Company has adopted the 
following policies: 

Financial instruments  

Measured at amortized cost: 

Cash, receivables and others  

Trade payables and accrued liabilities 

g) Cash  

Loans and 
receivables 

Other financial 
liabilities 

X 

X 

Cash includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, net of bank overdrafts. 

h) Impairment of receivables and other assets 

The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that its 
receivable and other assets are impaired.  They are considered to be impaired and impairment losses 
are  incurred  only  if  there  is  objective  evidence  of  impairment  as  a  result  of  one  or  more  events  that 
occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a ‘loss event’) and that loss event (or events) has an 
impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be 
reliably estimated. 

The  amount  of  the  loss  is  measured  as  the  difference  between  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  and  the 
present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not been incurred) 
discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate.  The asset’s carrying amount is reduced 
and the amount of the loss is recognized in the consolidated statement of loss. 

7 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related 
objectively to an event occurring after the impairment  was  recognized, the reversal of the  previously 
recognized impairment loss is recognized in the consolidated statement of loss. 

i)  Current and deferred income tax 

The Company follows the liability method of accounting for income taxes.  Under the liability method, 
deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their 
respective tax bases, unused tax losses and other income tax deductions. Deferred income tax assets 
are recognized for deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and other income tax deductions 
to the extent that it is probable the Company will have taxable income against which those deductible 
temporary differences, unused tax losses and other income tax deductions can be utilized.   

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted or substantively enacted tax rates 
expected to apply when the related assets are realized or the liabilities are settled. The measurement of 
deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  reflects  the  tax  consequences  that  would  follow  from  the 
manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover and settle the carrying amounts 
of  its  assets  and  liabilities,  respectively.  The  effect  on  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  of  a 
change in tax rates is recognized in the period in which the change is substantively enacted. 

j)  Share capital 

Common shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new 
ordinary shares or options are show in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. 

k) Share-based compensation 

The Company has a share-based compensation plan, whereby it is authorized to grant share options to 
officers, employees, directors, and other eligible persons.  The fair value of the options is measured at 
the date the options are granted, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with assumptions for risk-
free interest rates, dividend yields, volatility of the expected market price of the common shares and an 
expected life of the options.  The fair value less estimated forfeitures is charged over the vesting period 
of the related options as an expense on its financial statements. 

l)  Provisions 

Provisions for restructuring costs and legal  claims are recognized when: the Company has  a present 
legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable that an outflow of resources will 
be required to settle the obligation; and the amount can be reliably estimated. 

Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the 
obligations using the pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money 
and  the  risks  specific  to  the  obligation.  The  increase  in  the  provision  due  to  the  passage  of  time  is 
recognized as interest expense. 

8 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

m)  Leases 

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor 
are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received 
from the lessor) are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the period of the 
lease. 

n) Segment reporting 

As the Company primarily focuses its activity on the exploration and development of mineral properties, 
its  operating  and  reportable  segments  are  the  Filo  del  Sol  Property,  the  Tamberias  Property,  other 
general  exploration  and  project  generation  initiatives,  and  the  Company’s  corporate  administration 
function. Operating segments are components of an entity that engage in business activities from which 
they incur expenses and whose operating results are regularly reviewed by a chief operating decision 
maker to make resource allocation decisions and to assess performance. The Chief Executive Officer, 
the  chief  operating  decision-maker  for  the  Company,  obtains  and  reviews  operating  results  of  each 
operating segment on a monthly basis. 

o) New accounting pronouncements 

The  IASB  and  the  IFRS  Interpretations  Committee  (previously  the  International  Financial  Reporting 
Interpretations Committee, IFRIC) have issued a number of new and revised International Accounting 
Standards,  IFRS  amendments  and  related  interpretations  which  are  effective  for  the  Company  for 
periods after December 31, 2017, beginning on the dates indicated below.  Pronouncements that are 
not applicable to the Company have been excluded from those described below. 

Pronouncement 
IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments  will  replace  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments:  
Recognition and Measurement.   The new standard provides a model for 
the  classification  and  measurement  of  financial  instruments,  a  single 
forward-looking  “expected  loss”  impairment  model,  and  a  reformed 
approach  for  hedge  accounting.  Based  on  its  current  circumstances,  the 
Company does not expect any material impact on the financial position and 
results of the Company to arise from the adoption of IFRS 9. 

Effective Date  
Required to be applied 
for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 
2018. 

IFRS  7 Financial instruments – disclosure  has  been  amended  to  require 
additional  disclosures  on  transition  from  IAS  39  to  IFRS  9.  Based  on  its 
current circumstances, the Company does not expect any material impact 
to arise from the adoption of IFRS 7. 

Required to be applied 
for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 
2018. 

IFRS  16  Leases specifies  how  leases  should  be  recognized,  measured, 
presented and disclosed.  The standard provides a single lessee accounting 
model,  requiring  lessees  to  recognize  assets  and  liabilities  for  all  leases 
unless the lease term is 12 months or less or the underlying asset has a 
low value. Lessors continue to classify leases as operating or finance, with 
IFRS 16’s approach to lessor accounting substantially unchanged from its 
predecessor,  IAS  17.  The  Company  is  currently  assessing  whether  the 
adoption of this new standard would have a material impact on the financial 
position and results of the Company. 

Required to be applied 
for years beginning on 
or after January 1, 
2019. 

9 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

4.  RECEIVABLES AND OTHER ASSETS 

Taxes receivable 

Other receivables 

Prepaid expenses and deposits 

5.  MINERAL PROPERTIES 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

2017 

92,255 
384,860 
819,238 
  1,296,353 

46,861 
237,271 
311,142 
595,274 

January 1, 2016 

Additions 

Effect of foreign currency translation 

December 31, 2016 

Additions 

Filo del Sol 

Tamberias 

Total 

$ 3,951,919 

$ 1,998,910 

$  5,950,829 

- 

(705,359) 

756,519 

89,322 

756,519 

(616,037) 

$ 3,246,560 

$ 2,844,751 

$ 6,091,311 

- 

398,012 

398,012 

Effect of foreign currency translation 
December 31, 2017 

(68,716) 
$ 3,177,844 

58,737 
$ 3,301,500 

(9,979) 
$ 6,479,344 

The Company’s primary mineral property assets are the Filo del Sol and Tamberias Properties (together, 
the “Filo del Sol Project”), which are comprised of adjacent mineral titles in the San Juan Province in 
Argentina and in Chile, and are 100% controlled by Filo Mining either through direct ownership or option 
agreements. 

Filo del Sol Property (San Juan Province, Argentina) 

Sole ownership of the Filo del Sol Property was acquired by Filo del Sol Exploracion S.A., a wholly owned 
subsidiary of the Company, in October 2014, through the acquisition of its then joint exploration partner’s 
40% interest in the property.  

Tamberias Property (Region III, Chile) 

Through  its  wholly  owned  subsidiary,  Frontera  Chile  Limitada,  the  Company  is  party  to  an  option 
agreement with Compania Minera Tamberias SCM (“Tamberias SCM”) whereby the Company can earn 
a  100% interest in the  Tamberias  Property by making option  payments totaling US$20 million on  or 
before June 30, 2023.  In addition, Tamberias SCM will retain a 1.5% net smelter royalty, which will be 
paid only after the Company has recovered all of its exploration and development costs.   

10 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

In June 2017, the Company made a US$300,000 option payment to Tamberias SCM, which has been 
recorded as an addition to the Tamberias Property. The Company’s total remaining option payments as 
at December 31, 2017 were US$17.2 million, with the next option payment being US$400,000, payable 
in June 2018. 

6.  SHARE CAPITAL 

The Company has authorized an unlimited number of voting common shares without par value.   

7.  SHARE OPTIONS 

a)  Share option plan 

The Company has a share option plan approved on July 8, 2016 (the “Plan”), reserving an aggregate 
of 10% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company for issuance upon the exercise of options 
granted.  The granting, vesting and terms of the share options are at the discretion of the Board of 
Directors. 

b)  Share option outstanding 

Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise 
prices are as follows: 

Balance at January 1, 2016 
Options pursuant to NGEx Arrangement  

Options granted 

Exercised  

Expired 

Balance at December 31, 2016 

Options granted 

Exercised 

Number of 
share issuable 
pursuant to 
share options 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
per share  

- 
1,746,875 

2,335,000 

(117,500) 

(48,125) 

3,916,250 

1,582,500 

(880,000) 

   $           - 
0.89 

2.00 

0.65 

1.41 

$      1.55 

2.50 

      1.10 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

4,618,750 

$      1.96 

On  September  13,  2017,  the  Company  granted  a  total  of  1,582,500  share  options  to  officers, 
employees, directors and other eligible persons at an exercise price of $2.50 per share. 

The Company  uses  the  Black-Scholes  option  pricing  model to estimate the  fair  value  for all  options 
granted and the resulting stock-based compensation. The weighted average assumptions used in this 
pricing model, and the resulting fair values per option, for the 1,582,500 share options granted during 
the year ended December 31, 2017, were as follows: 

11 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii) 
(iv) 
(v) 

Risk-free interest rate:   
Expected life: 
Expected volatility: 
Expected dividends: 
Fair value per option: 

1.39%   
5 years 
62.55% 
nil 
$1.45 

The weighted average share price on the exercise date for the share options exercised during the year 
ended December 31, 2017 was $2.09. 

The following table details the share options outstanding and exercisable as at December 31, 2017: 

Outstanding options 
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
life  
(Years) 
1.13 
0.36 
3.93 
4.70 
3.71 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
   price 
$0.51 
$0.74 
$2.00 
$2.50 
$1.96 

Options 
outstanding 
310,000 
391,250 
2,335,000 
1,582,500 
4,618,750 

Exercise 
prices  
$0.50-0.65 
$0.74 
$2.00 
$2.50 

Exercisable options 
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
life  
(Years) 
1.13 
0.36 
3.93 
4.70 
3.26 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
   price 
$0.51 
$0.74 
$2.00 
$2.50 
$1.75 

Options 
exercisable 
310,000 
391,250 
1,556,667 
527,500 
2,785,417 

c)  Share-based compensation 

Exploration and project 
investigation 

General and administration 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

2017 

451,820 
1,659,287 
  2,111,107 

302,003 
872,485 
1,174,488 

12 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

8.  EXPLORATION AND PROJECT INVESTIGATION 

The  Company  expensed  the  following  exploration  and  project  investigation  costs,  all  incurred  in  South  America,  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

Year ended 
December 31, 

2017 

2016 

Land holding and access costs 
Drilling, fuel, camp costs and field supplies 
Roadwork, travel and transport 
Engineering and conceptual studies 
Consultants, geochemistry and geophysics 
Environmental and community relations 
VAT and other taxes 
Office, field and administrative salaries, 
overhead and other administrative costs 
Share-based compensation  
Total  

Land holding and access costs 
Drilling, fuel, camp costs and field supplies 
Roadwork, travel and transport 
Engineering and conceptual studies 
Consultants, geochemistry and geophysics 
Environmental and community relations 
VAT and other taxes 
Office, field and administrative salaries, 
overhead and other administrative costs 
Share-based compensation  
Total  

13 

Filo del Sol 
Property 

Tamberias 
Property 

77,678 
4,115,070 
2,159,377 
515,890 
900,911 
388,641 
1,810,991 

457,894 
716,050 
481,427 
- 
- 
44,999 
168,884 

1,924,370 
368,979 
12,261,907 

292,938 
67,062 
2,229,254 

92,261 
1,707,953 
1,309,012 
31,535 
311,984 
58,648 
655,472 

1,041,575 
254,729 
5,463,169 

79,256 
21,559 
126,554 
- 
- 
7,493 
27,282 

57,945 
15,655 
335,744 

Other 

28,170 
23,679 
52,668 
- 
19,325 
3,828 
74,945 

309,684 
15,779 
528,078 

75,222 
47,715 
102,204 
- 
42,803 
- 
80,113 

298,468 
31,619 
678,144 

Total 

563,742 
4,854,799 
2,693,472 
515,890 
920,236 
437,468 
2,054,820 

2,526,992 
451,820 
15,019,239 

246,739 
1,777,227 
1,537,770 
31,535 
354,787 
66,141 
762,867 

1,397,988 
302,003 
6,477,057 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

9.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Related party services 

The Company has a cost sharing arrangement with NGEx, a related party by way of directors, officers 
and shareholders in common.  Under the terms of this arrangement, the Company provides executive 
management,  technical  exploration  and  exploration  support  services  to  NGEx,  and  NGEx  provides 
financial management and administrative services to the Company. In addition, the Company engages 
Bofill  Mir  &  Alvarez  Jana  Abogados  Ltda.  (“BMJAL”),  a  Chilean  legal  firm,  of  which  a  director  of  the 
Company is a partner. These transactions were incurred in the normal course of operations, and are 
summarized as follows: 

Executive management, technical 

exploration and exploration 
support services to NGEx 

Financial management and 

administrative services from 
NGEx 

Legal services from BMJAL 

Related party balances 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

2017 

  1,296,287 

325,188 

(142,815) 
67,965 

(58,131) 
- 

The  amounts  due  from  (to)  related  parties,  and  the  components  of  the  consolidated  statement  of 
financial position in which they are included, are as follows: 

Related Party 

December 31, 
2017 

December 31, 
2016 

Receivables and other assets 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

NGEx 

NGEx 
BMJAL 

366,435 

(93,617) 
(23,135) 

222,556 

(56,025) 
- 

Key management compensation 

The  Company’s  key  management  personnel  have  the  authority  and  responsibility  for  overseeing, 
planning, directing and controlling its activities and consist of the Board of Directors and members of 
the executive management team.  Total compensation expense  for key management personnel, and 
the composition thereof, is as follows: 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

Salaries 

Short-term employee benefits 

Directors fees 

Stock-based compensation 

Incentive bonuses 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

2017 

1,341,539 
35,617 
86,583 
1,548,394 
207,000 
  3,219,133 

268,500 
10,044 
25,973 
459,587 
- 
764,104 

Up until the completion of the NGEx Arrangement on August 16, 2016, no compensation was paid to the 
Company’s  officers  or  directors.  The  compensation  costs  reported  for  key  management  personnel 
therefore only reflect compensation costs incurred subsequent to August 16, 2016 

10. INCOME TAXES 

Income tax expense differs from the amount that would result from applying the Canadian federal and 
provincial income tax rates to the loss for the year.  These differences result from the following items: 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2017 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2016 

Loss before taxes 
Combined Canadian federal and provincial statutory    
   income tax rates 
Income tax recovery based on the above rate 

18,695,118 

8,666,027 

26.00% 
4,860,731 

26.00% 
2,253,167 

Income tax benefits that have not been recognized 
   and other items 
Impacts of changes in income tax rates 
Differences between Canadian and foreign tax rates 
Non-deductible expenses 

Total income tax recovery 

(5,302,460) 
20,903 
977,066 
(556,240) 
- 

(2,607,900) 
77,087 
477,778 
(200,132) 
- 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

The  Company’s  unrecognized  deductible  temporary  differences  and  unused  tax  losses  for  which  no 
deferred tax asset has been recognized consist of the following: 

Non-capital losses carried forward 
Mineral properties and related expenditures  
Other 

December 31,  
2017 
1,311,529 
6,353,264 
82,880 
7,747,673 

December 31,  
2016 
431,105 
5,952,703 
110,507 
6,494,315 

As at December 31, 2017, the non-capital loss carry-forwards and their respective expiration dates are 
as follows:  

Year 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
Subsequent to 2022 

Canada 
- 
- 
- 
- 
4,165,122 

Argentina 
- 
632 
249 
436,671 
421,599 

Other 
2,936 
5,879 
14,420 
5,101 
26,903 

Total 
2,936 
6,511 
14,669 
441,772 
4,613,624 

4,165,122 

859,151 

55,239 

5,079,512 

11. SEGMENTED INFORMATION 

The Company is principally engaged in the acquisition, exploration and development of mineral properties 
in South America.  The information regarding mineral properties and exploration and project investigation 
costs presented in Notes 5 and 8, respectively, represent the manner in which management reviews its 
business performance. Materially all of the  Company’s mineral  properties  and exploration  and project 
investigation costs relate to the Filo del Sol Project, which straddles the border between the San Juan 
Province, Argentina and Region III, Chile and is comprised of the Filo del Sol Property and the Tamberias 
Property. Materially all of the Company’s administrative costs are incurred by the Canadian parent, where 
materially all of the Company’s cash is held in the normal course of business until it is required to be 
deployed  to  the  Company’s  South  American  subsidiaries  in  support  of  ongoing  and  planned  work 
programs. 

A summary of the Company’s financial position as at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and net losses for 
the years then ended are as follows: 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

As at  
December 31, 

2017 

2016 

Year ended 
December 31, 

2017 

2016 

Filo del Sol 
Project 

Other 

Corporate 

Total 

Current assets 
Mineral properties 

Total Assets 

2,651,268 
6,479,344 
9,130,612 

Current liabilities 

1,722,233 

Current assets 
Mineral properties 
Total Assets 

5,743,965 
6,091,311 
11,835,276 

Current liabilities 

2,285,235 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

1,062,492 
- 
1,062,492 

3,713,760 
6,479,344 
10,193,104 

529,939 

2,252,172 

14,316,138 
- 
14,316,138 

20,060,103 
6,091,311 
26,151,414 

121,910 

2,407,145 

Filo del Sol 
Project 

Other 

Corporate 

Total 

Exploration and 

project 
investigation 

General and 

administration 
and other items 

Net loss 

Exploration and 

project 
investigation 

General and 

administration 
and other items 

Net loss 

14,491,161 

528,078 

- 

15,019,239 

- 
14,491,161 

- 
528,078 

3,675,879 
3,675,879 

3,675,879 
18,695,118 

5,798,913 

678,144 

- 

6,477,057 

- 
5,798,913 

- 
678,144 

2,188,969 
2,188,969 

2,188,969 
8,666,026 

12. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going 
concern in order to pursue the development of its mineral properties and to maintain a flexible capital 
structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk. In the management and definition 
of capital, the Company considers the items included in shareholders’ equity to be capital. 

The  Company  manages  the  capital  structure  and  makes  adjustments,  as  necessary,  in  light  of 
changes  in  economic  conditions  and  the  risk  characteristics  of  its  assets.  In  order  to  maintain  or 
adjust  the  capital  structure,  the  Company  may  attempt  to  issue  new  shares  or  debt  instruments, 
acquire or dispose of assets, or to bring in joint venture partners. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

To facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company prepares annual expenditure 
budgets that are updated as necessary depending on various factors, including, but not limited to, 
successful capital deployment and general industry conditions. The annual and updated budgets are 
approved by the Board of Directors. 

13. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL RISKS 

The  Company  has  estimated  the  fair  values  of  its  financial  instruments  based  on  appropriate 
valuation methodologies.  These values are not materially different from their carrying value. 

The Company classifies the fair value of its financial instruments according to the following hierarchy 
based on the amount of observable inputs used to value the instrument: 

 
 

 

Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 
Level  2  –  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  in  Level  1  that  are  observable  for  the 
assets or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and 
Level  3  –  inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data 
(unobservable inputs). 

The  Company’s  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash,  receivables  and  other  assets,  and  trade 
payables and accrued liabilities, with carrying values considered to be reasonable approximations of 
fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.   

As at December 31, 2017, the Company’s financial instruments are exposed to the following 
financial risks, including credit, liquidity and currency risks: 

(i) 

(ii) 

Credit risks associated with cash is minimal as the Company deposits the majority of its cash 
with a large Canadian financial institution that has been accorded a strong investment grade 
rating by a primary rating agency.   

Liquidity  risks  associated  with  the  inability  to  meet  obligations  as  they  become  due  is 
minimized through the management of its capital structure as explained on Note 12 and by 
maintaining good relationships with bankers. The Company also closely monitors and reviews 
its costs to date and actual cash flows on a monthly basis. In assessing liquidity risk as at 
December 31, 2017, the Company has also considered the impact of proceeds received from 
equity financings, which closed on February 28, 2018 (Note 15b). 

The maturities of the Company’s financial liabilities as at December 31, 2017 are as follows: 

Total 

Less than 
1 year 

1-5 
years 

More than 
5 years 

Accounts payable and  
    accrued liabilities 
Total 

2,252,172 
2,252,172 

2,252,172 
2,252,172 

- 
- 

- 
- 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

(iii) 

Foreign  currency  risk  can  arise  when  the  Company  or  its  subsidiaries  transact  or  have  net 
financial  assets  or  liabilities  which  are  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  their  respective 
functional currencies. 

At  December  31,  2017,  the  Company’s  largest  foreign  currency  risk  exposure  existed  at  the 
level of its Chilean operating subsidiary, Frontera Chile Limitada (“Frontera”), which held a net 
financial  asset  position  denominated  in  US  dollars  having  a  Canadian  dollar  equivalent  of 
approximately $171,000. A 10% change in the foreign exchange rate between the US dollar, 
and the Chilean peso, Frontera’s functional currency, would give rise to increases/decreases of 
approximately 17,000 Canadian dollars in financial position/comprehensive loss. 

14. COMMITMENTS 

In November 2017, the Company entered into agreements with the owners of certain lands, accesses 
and surface rights related to the Tamberias Property (the “Access Agreements”). Under the terms of 
the Access Agreements, in exchange for total payments of US$ 1.26 million, the Company secured 
its right to use and maintain roads and accesses, which allow entry to the Filo del Sol Project from 
Chile,  and  also  perform  any  surface  disturbances  as  necessary  to  undertake  its  exploration  work 
programs, such as establishing drill platforms, for a period of four years. 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has three remaining payments of US$ 315,875 each, which 
are payable in November 2018, 2019, and 2020. 

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

a)  Credit Facility 

On  January  12,  2018,  the  Company  obtained  a  US$  2.0  million  short-term  credit  facility  from  an 
insider  of  the  Company  (the  “Facility”)  to  provide  additional  financial  flexibility  to  fund  ongoing 
exploration at the Filo del Sol Project and general corporate purposes. As consideration, the lender 
was entitled to  6,000  common  shares  of the  Company  upon execution of the  Facility, and will be 
issued an additional 300 common shares each month, for every US$ 50,000 in principal outstanding 
on the Facility, prorated accordingly for the number of days outstanding. There is no interest payable 
in cash during the term of the Facility, and all common shares issued in conjunction with the Facility 
are subject to a four-month hold period under applicable securities laws. As of March 19, 2018, the 
Company has issued a total of 12,300 common shares to the lender as consideration for providing 
the Facility in lieu of cash fees to the Company. 

On  February  28,  2018,  all  amounts  drawn  to  date  under  the  Facility  were  repaid  in  full  following 
closing of a bought-deal equity financing and concurrent non-brokered private placement (Note 15b). 
The Facility remains available until January 12, 2019. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filo Mining Corp. 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise stated) 

b)  Closing of $25.5 Million Financing 

On  February  28,  2018,  the  Company  closed  a  bought  deal  offering  of  common  shares  and  a 
concurrent  non-brokered  private  placement  (the  “Financing”).  In  aggregate,  9,823,195  common 
shares of the Company were sold at a price of $2.60 per common share (the “Price”), generating 
aggregate gross proceeds of $25.5 million. Approximately $15.3 million of the gross proceeds relate 
to the bought deal, and subject to a 5.0% commission, payable in cash. 

A portion of the net proceeds have also been used to repay the amounts drawn under the Facility 
(Note 15a). 

Under  the  terms  of  the  Financing,  at  the  option  of  the  underwriters  to  the  bought  deal  equity 
financing and/or participants of the private placement, up to an additional 1,235,382 common shares 
of the Company may be purchased at the Price for a period of 30 days from February 28, 2018.  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

OFFICERS 
Adam I. Lundin 

President & Chief Executive Officer 

Robert Carmichael 
VP Exploration 

James Beck 

VP Corporate Development & Projects 

Jeffrey Yip 

Chief Financial Officer 

Julie Kemp 

Corporate Secretary 

DIRECTORS 
Lukas H. Lundin, Chairman (non-executive) 
Alessandro Bitelli 
C. Ashley Heppenstall 
Adam I. Lundin 
Paul McRae 
Pablo Mir 
Wojtek Wodzicki 

AUDITORS 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 

LEGAL COUNSEL 
Cassels Brock & Blackwell LLP 
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 

CORPORATE OFFICE 
Suite 2000 - 885 West Georgia Street 
Vancouver, British Columbia 
Canada   V6C 3E8 
Telephone:  (604) 689-7842 
Fax:  (604) 689-4250 

REGISTERED & RECORDS OFFICE 
Suite 2200 - 885 West Georgia Street 
Vancouver, British Columbia  
Canada   V6C 3E8 

REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER AGENT 
Computershare Trust Company of Canada 
Vancouver, British Columbia 
Canada 

SHARE LISTINGS 
TSX Venture Exchange & 
Nasdaq First North Exchange  
Symbol: FIL 
CUSIP No.: 31730E101 
ISIN: CA31730E1016