Quarterlytics / Industrials / Paper, Lumber & Forest Products / Interfor

Interfor

ifp · TSX Industrials
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Ticker ifp
Exchange TSX
Sector Industrials
Industry Paper, Lumber & Forest Products
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2016 Annual Report · Interfor
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2016 
Annual Report

CORRECTION NOTICE 

This updated Annual Report corrects certain publishing and typographical issues that were 
identified in the previous version.  The Company’s 2016 Consolidated Financial Statements 
(financial statements) and Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) filings are correct in 
all respects and remain unchanged.  The issues arose from the process of compiling these 
documents into the Annual Report.  In particular, the updated Annual Report reflects changes 
to a paragraph in the MD&A titled Balance Sheet and the following items in the financial 
statements: (i) operating earnings (loss) before restructuring costs; (ii) restructuring costs; 
(iii) total items that are or may be recycled to net earnings (loss); and (iv) note 26 (d) (ii).  
The result of these changes is that the updated Annual Report conforms with the Company’s 
filed 2016 financial statements and MD&A. 

CONTENTS 

Financial Highlights 
Message to Shareholders 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
Consolidated Financial Statements   
Annual Information Form 

pg 

  3 
  4 
  8 
29 
81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 
(in millions of dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Financial Summary 
Sales 
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 
Net earnings (loss) 

Per Share Data 
Net earnings (loss) per common share  
         -  basic and diluted 
Price range per share 
  High 
  Low 
Net book value per share 
Operating cash flow per share before working capital change 
Weighted average shares outstanding (millions) 

Financial Position 
Total assets 
Total debt  
Total shareholders’ equity 
Invested capital (1) 

2016 

2015 

  1,792.7 
    199.6 
  65.6 

1,687.4 
    91.7 
    (30.4) 

  0.94 

(0.44) 

15.99 
  8.67 
  11.23 
  2.75 
  70.0 

  1,301.6 
  308.8 
  786.7 
  1,076.2 

 23.61 
  8.86 
 10.36 
  0.96 
  69.5 

1,389.8 
  468.8 
  725.3 
1,177.6 

Financial Ratios (%) 
Net debt as a % of invested capital, adjusted (1) 
Pre-tax return (loss) on total assets (1) 

   26.9% 
    6.2% 

 38.4%      
(1.9%) 

Notes: 

(1)  See Glossary for definition.  

“With well-positioned mills, a strong balance sheet and momentum building in the 
South, Interfor is in great shape to deliver on our goal of building long-term value for 
our shareholders.” 

Message to Shareholders – February 2017 

For further highlights, please see the Message to Shareholders and Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis on the following pages. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MESSAGE TO SHAREHOLDERS 

4 

Overview 

2016 was a good year for Interfor.  Better market conditions and prices were certainly a 
factor but the biggest gains came from the steps taken in mid-2015 to deal with the 
issues impacting our performance and from the resumption of operations at our mill at 
Castlegar in the B.C. Interior, which was rebuilt during 2015. 

Highlights for 2016 include: 

  Production remained flat at 2.5 billion board feet; 
  Sales revenue increased 6% to $1.79 billion; 
  Earnings and cash flow improved significantly; 
  The former Tacoma mill site was sold; 
  Net debt was reduced by $163 million; and 
  A margin improvement initiative was launched in the U.S. South. 

I believe the progress made in 2016 has put Interfor back on track to meet our goal of 
delivering above-average returns to our shareholders over time. 

I invite you to read the material covered in the next few pages and later in this report 
and to form your own views on our progress. 

Please feel free to forward any comments or questions you have to me directly at 
duncan.davies@interfor.com. 

Production Volumes Flat; Higher Prices Contribute to Record Sales Revenue and 
EBITDA 

After rapid growth in the last three years, Interfor’s production volumes were flat in 
2016 as the Company focused on digesting its recent growth and bringing the rebuilt 
Castlegar mill back into production. 

For the year, lumber production was 2.49 billion board feet compared with 2.50 billion 
board feet in 2015, with the Company’s operations in Canada accounting for 35% of 
production and our mills in the U.S. accounting for 65%.   

Sales volumes, including agency and wholesale activities, came in at 2.56 billion board 
feet in 2016 vs. 2.65 billion board feet the year prior. 

Product prices were better across-the-board in 2016 as demand in the U.S. continued to 
grow and trading patterns adjusted to the currency shifts that impacted 2015. 

All in, Interfor made $65.6 million after-tax in 2016 on record sales of $1.79 billion 
compared with a net loss of $30.4 million on sales of $1.69 billion in 2015. 

EBITDA1 reported before non-recurring items and share-based compensation expense 
came in at an all-time high of $199.6 million versus $91.7 million in 2015. 

1 Refer to definition of Adjusted EBITDA in the Glossary 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
Message to Shareholders 

____________________ 

Castlegar Sawmill Exceeds Expectations 

5 

In November 2014 we announced a $50 million upgrade to our sawmill at Castlegar in 
the B.C. Interior. 

The project converted the mill from a 3-line operation to a 2-line facility using 
technology similar to that employed at our mills at Adams Lake, Grand Forks and Port 
Angeles, and avoided something in the range of $20 million in maintenance capital that 
would otherwise have been required over the next few years. 

The main elements of construction were completed in September 2015 and the mill 
resumed operations in the first week of October 2015. 

I’m pleased to report that the mill ramped up quickly post-project and performed very 
well throughout the year, exceeding our expectations in almost every respect. 

The rebuilt mill made a significant contribution to our financial results in 2016 and 
additional gains are expected as operations are fine-tuned in the years ahead. 

Tacoma Mill Site Sold 

A key element of our improved performance in 2016 can be traced back to the decision 
made in mid-2015 to permanently close our Tacoma sawmill, which had been acquired 
using a contingent value structure earlier that year, as part of a transaction involving 
three other mills. 

The final step in the Tacoma initiative was completed in November with the sale of the 
mill’s property for cash proceeds of US$31.5 million.  Net proceeds were US$20.4 million 
after taking account of transaction costs and the US$10.0 million due to the former 
owner, which was paid following year-end.   

The sale of the property triggered an after-tax gain of $9.4 million, which was included 
in the Company’s net earnings in 2016. 

Strong Cash Flow Contributes to $163 Million Reduction in Net Debt 

Maintaining a strong balance sheet has always been a key element of our management 
philosophy, with a target of maintaining a ratio of net debt to invested capital in the 30-
40% range. 

At year-end 2015 our debt ratio sat in the upper end of that range at 38.4%. 

I’m pleased to report that net debt was reduced by $162.8 million in 2016 to $289.6 
million, the equivalent of 26.9% of invested capital. 

The gains in the Company’s debt ratio and the corresponding increase in available 
liquidity (which improved from $112 million at year-end 2015 to $296 million at the end 
of 2016) provides additional protection against uncertainty and puts Interfor in a strong 
position to take advantage of additional value-creating opportunities in the years ahead. 

Margin Improvement Initiative Launched in U.S. South 

There are two key pillars to Interfor’s business strategy: growth through acquisition and 
operational excellence. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Message to Shareholders 

____________________ 

6 

In particular, we seek out opportunities for growth in attractive timber baskets and then 
apply our operating and capital projects skills to effect improvements in the 
performance, profitability and value of those operations. 

We’ve done this a number of times in the past, most recently in the B.C. Interior at 
Grand Forks and Castlegar. 

Those mills were acquired as part of a bankruptcy process in 2008.  At the time, they 
were high cost facilities with out-dated equipment, poor productivity and a number of 
other challenges.  Now, following a series of initiatives undertaken by our staff and 
crews in the area and the infusion of relatively modest amounts of capital, the mills are 
firmly positioned as top performers in the Interior region. 

In 2013, we embarked on a similar program in the U.S. South. 

Through a series of five separate transactions over a two and-a-half year period we 
acquired a total of nine mills in the U.S. South with aggregate production capacity of 1.3 
billion board feet. 

The U.S. South is a particularly interesting region. It constitutes the largest regional 
lumber market in North America and has abundant timber supply. At the same time, 
mills in the region often underperform mills in other jurisdictions from a productivity and 
efficiency standpoint. 

Through our acquisitions we have established a major platform in the U.S. South with 
significant imbedded upside potential. 

Our task now is to realize on that potential. 

To that end, we have embarked on the first stage of a margin improvement initiative 
which we believe will deliver $35 million in annualized EBITDA gains by the end of 2017, 
without any significant capital expenditures. 

These gains will be delivered through increases in mill reliability and productivity, the 
volume of lumber recovered from each log and from gains in product mix and grade 
recovery. 

With good progress already made, we are confident the target gains in EBITDA will be 
achieved by the end of this year. 

Equally exciting are the second and third stage gains available in the region through the 
application of high return capital which we’ll move to once the first stage gains have 
been solidified. 

Softwood Dispute Creates Uncertainty; Interfor Well-Positioned 

The Softwood Lumber Agreement (“SLA”) between Canada and the U.S. expired in 
October 2015.  Following the expiry of a 12 month “standstill” provision which was built 
into the SLA, U.S. lumber producers had the right under U.S. trade law to file a petition 
against Canadian lumber imports.  Not surprisingly, they did so in November, as they 
have done on four previous occasions in the last 35 years. 

As a company that operates in both Canada and the U.S., we don’t believe there is any 
substance to the U.S. claims.  And that fact has been verified in each of the four 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Message to Shareholders 

____________________ 

7 

previous cases by independent tribunals, most recently in 2006, which led ultimately to 
the signing of the SLA. 

In our view, a dispute over trade in softwood lumber between Canada and the U.S. is a 
waste of time. 

We understand the reality of U.S. trade law and how it’s applied and, for that reason, 
have long advocated for a negotiated settlement between the parties. 

We remain hopeful that saner heads will prevail and once the new U.S. administration 
gets up-to-speed, it will join with the Canadian government to make the negotiation of a 
new SLA a priority. 

In the meantime, with two-thirds of our production capacity located in the U.S. and our 
Canadian mills in great shape, Interfor is well-positioned to withstand any disruption 
that may arise in the absence of a settlement. 

Gillian Platt Appointed To Board of Directors 

In October 2016, Interfor’s Board of Directors appointed Gillian Platt of Kelowna, B.C. as 
a director of the Company. 

Gillian has more than 30 years of broad-based executive experience spanning a variety 
of industries, with a focus on human resources management, executive compensation, 
talent management and strategy. 

Most recently she served as Executive Vice President and CHRO of Finning International 
Inc. where she was responsible for human resources and communications globally. 

Gillian’s background and expertise are ideally suited for a Company like ours, in the 
current stage of our development, and we are looking for a significant contribution from 
her in the years ahead. 

Gillian has been nominated to stand for election as a director at the Company’s Annual 
General Meeting in May. 

Vision Remains Intact; Progress Being Made 

Trade issues aside, positive signs continue to emerge in the U.S. and offshore, laying 
the foundation for better markets in 2017 and beyond. 

With well-positioned mills, a strong balance sheet and momentum building in the South, 
Interfor is in great shape to deliver on our goal of building long-term value for our 
shareholders. 

In closing, I would like to thank our employees, Board of Directors and shareholders for 
their on-going support. 

I look forward to reporting to you on our progress again this time next year. 

Duncan Davies 
President & CEO 
February, 2017 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

Prepared as of February 9, 2017 

8 

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) provides a review of financial condition and results 
of operations as at and for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016 (“Q4’16” and “2016”, 
respectively).  It should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of 
Interfor Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Interfor” or the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 
2016, and the notes thereto which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  This MD&A contains certain non-GAAP measures which, within the Non-
GAAP Measures section, are discussed, defined and reconciled to figures reported in the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements.  This MD&A has been prepared as of February 9, 2017.    

All figures are stated in Canadian Dollars, unless otherwise noted, and references to US$/USD are to the 
United States Dollar.  For definitions of technical terms and abbreviations used within this MD&A, refer to 
the Glossary in the Company’s 2016 Annual Report. 

Forward-Looking Statements  

This MD&A contains information and statements that are forward-looking in nature, including, 
but not limited to, statements about the Company’s business outlook, objectives, plans, 
strategic priorities and other statements that are not historical facts.  A statement Interfor 
makes is forward-looking when it uses what is known today, to make a statement about the 
future.  Forward-looking statements are included under the headings “Overview of 2016”, 
“Outlook”, “Liquidity”, “Capital Resources”, “Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements”, “Financial 
Instruments and Other Instruments”, “Accounting Policy Changes” and “Risks and 
Uncertainties”, and such statements may include words such as “believes”, “will”, “could”, 
“should”, “expected”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “forecast”, “target”, “outlook” and “strategy”.  
Such forward-looking statements are based on Interfor’s current expectations and certain 
assumptions, including assumptions regarding lumber, log and wood chip prices; the 
Company’s ability to compete on a global basis; the availability and cost of log supply; the 
absence of natural or man-made disasters; currency exchange rates; no material changes in 
government regulation; the availability of the Company’s allowable annual cut (“AAC”); the 
outcome of aboriginal claims and treaty settlements; the Company’s ability to export its 
products; the outcome of the softwood lumber dispute between Canada and the U.S.; 
stumpage rates payable to the Province of British Columbia; environmental effects of the 
Company’s operations; the absence of labour disruptions and the assumptions described under 
the heading “Critical Accounting Estimates” herein.  Such forward-looking statements involve 
known and unknown risks and uncertainties that, if they eventuate, may cause Interfor’s 
actual results to be materially different from those expressed or implied by those forward-
looking statements.  Such risks and uncertainties include lumber, log and wood chip price 
volatility; global competition; reduction of availability or increase in cost of log supply; natural 
or man-made disasters; foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; changes in government 
regulation; reductions to the Company’s AAC; aboriginal claims or treaty settlements impacting 
the Company’s forest tenures; export and other trade barriers; the softwood lumber dispute 
between Canada and the U.S.; increases in stumpage rates payable to the Province of British 
Columbia; environmental effects of the Company’s operations; labour disruptions; and other 
factors referenced herein.  Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-
looking information or statements.  Interfor undertakes no obligation to update such forward-
looking information or statements, except as required by law. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

9 

____________________ 

Overview of 2016 

Q4’16 Results 

Interfor recorded net earnings in Q4’16 of $26.6 million, or $0.38 per share, compared to 
$15.1 million, or $0.22 per share in Q3’16 and a loss of $3.5 million, or $0.05 per share in 
Q4’15.  Adjusted net earnings in Q4’16 were $17.7 million or $0.25 per share, compared to 
$20.7 million, or $0.30 per share in Q3’16 and $4.5 million, or $0.06 per share in Q4’15. 

Adjusted EBITDA was $51.3 million on sales of $442.3 million in Q4’16 versus $58.1 million on 
sales of $457.6 million in Q3’16. 

For the year, net earnings were $65.6 million, or $0.94 per share, compared to a loss of $30.4 
million or $0.44 per share in 2015.  Adjusted EBITDA was a record $199.6 million, eclipsing 
the previous record set in 2014. 

Notable items in the quarter included: 

  Strong Cash Flow and Proceeds from Tacoma Sale contributes to $57.4 million in Net Debt 

Reduction 

o 

Interfor generated $49.0 million in cash from operations, after considering working 
capital changes in Q4’16. 

o  The sale of the former sawmill property in Tacoma, Washington closed in Q4’16 with 
cash proceeds of US$31.5 million.  The net proceeds are approximately US$20.4 
million after taking account of transaction costs and the US$10.0 million due to the 
former owner that was paid in January, 2017. 

o  Capital spending was $19.8 million in Q4’16. 

o  The resulting free cash flow contributed to a reduction in net debt to $289.6 million, 
or 26.9% of invested capital.  For the year, net debt was reduced by $162.8 million. 

  Mixed Lumber Prices and Lower Canadian Dollar 

o  Key benchmark lumber prices were mixed in Q4’16.  The Southern Pine Composite 

increased US$11 to US$393 per mfbm as stronger prices for 2x4 and 2x8 more than 
offset weaker prices for 2x6, 2x10 and 2x12.  At the same time, the Western SPF 
Composite and KD H-F Stud 2x4 9’ benchmarks declined US$6 to US$305 per mfbm 
and US$18 to US$318 per mfbm respectively. 

o  The Canadian Dollar weakened by 2.2% to US$0.750 quarter-over-quarter thereby 

offsetting, in part, the drop in SPF and H-F prices. 

  Seasonal Operating Schedules Impact Production and Sales Volumes 

o 

o 

In Q4’16, Interfor reduced its operating schedules across several regions in line with 
normal seasonal practice.  Lumber production of 607 million board feet was 21 
million board feet lower than the preceding quarter.  Sales of Interfor–produced 
lumber were 598 million board feet in Q4’16 versus 627 million board feet in Q3’16. 

In Q4’16, the B.C. and Northwest regions accounted for 209 million board feet 
(which equated to operating rates of 92% in the B.C. Interior and 47% on the B.C. 
Coast) and 137 million board feet (which equated to an operating rate of 86%) of 
production respectively in Q4’16 compared with 238 million board feet and 141 
million board feet respectively in Q3’16.  Operating rates in the South region were 
up slightly in Q4’16, with production increasing to 260 million board feet (which 
equated to an operating rate of 78%) from 248 million board feet in the preceding 
quarter. 

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

10 

____________________ 

o 

In addition, severe winter weather conditions adversely impacted certain of the 
operations in B.C. and the Northwest during late December and continued into 
January, impacting productivity and conversion costs in those regions. 

  Progress on Optimization Initiatives Sets the Foundation to Capture Target EBITDA Gains 

o 

In early 2016, Interfor launched a Business Optimization Initiative to capture 
additional margin opportunities across the Company’s operating platform, with a 
particular focus on the South region, where $35 million in annualized EBITDA gains 
were targeted by year-end 2017. 

o  Good progress was made during Q4’16 with productivity levels across the South 

region up 9% versus Q1’16 and lumber recovery up more than 5%.  Good progress 
is being made as well on the initiative to improve product mix and grade recovery. 

o  The Company believes the target uplift in EBITDA will be realized over the course of 
2017, as operating rates in the South region increase to 90% or more, which is 
expected by Q4’17. 

Outlook 

Interfor expects demand for lumber to continue to grow over the mid-term as the U.S. housing 
market recovers and market promotion efforts in North America and offshore take full effect.   
In addition, the Company is focused on a series of targeted initiatives related to margin 
improvement opportunities across its operations in both the U.S. and Canada that should 
contribute to Interfor’s financial results. 

Interfor’s strategy of maintaining a diversified portfolio of lumber operations allows the 
Company to both reduce risk and maximize returns on invested capital over the business cycle.  
Interfor will continue its disciplined approach to production, cost control, inventory 
management and capital spending.  At the same time, Interfor will remain alert to growth 
opportunities to position the Company for long term success. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

11 

____________________ 

Financial and Operating Highlights (1)   

Notes: 

(1)  Figures in this table may not equal or sum to figures presented elsewhere due to rounding. 
(2)  Financial information presented for interim periods in this MD&A is prepared in accordance with IFRS and is 

unaudited. 

(3)  Refer to the Non-GAAP Measures section of this MD&A for definitions and reconciliations of these measures to 

figures reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.   

(4)  Gross sales before export taxes. 

Summary of Fourth Quarter 2016 Financial Performance 

Sales 

Interfor recorded $442.3 million of total sales, up 7.5% from $411.4 million in the fourth 
quarter of 2015, driven by the sale of 619 million board feet of lumber at an average price of 
$588 per mfbm.  Lumber sales volume increased 4 million board feet, or 0.7%, while average 
selling price increased $59 per thousand board feet, or 11.1%, as compared to the same 
quarter of 2015. 

The increase in the average selling price of lumber reflects higher prices across all benchmark 
products in Q4’16 as compared to Q4’15.  The Southern Pine Composite and KD HF Stud 2x4 9’ 
benchmark improved US$50 to US$393 per mfbm and US$24 to US$318 per mfbm, 
respectively.  The Western SPF Composite was up US$49 to US$305 per mfbm.    

Sales generated from logs, residual products and other decreased by $7.6 million or 8.8% 
compared to the same quarter of 2015.  Nearly all of this decrease is related to the Q4’15 
disposal of log inventories as the Tacoma sawmill wound down operations, partially offset by 
lower chip prices across all regions except the U.S. South in Q4’16.  

Operations 
Production costs increased by $15.5 million or 4.2% over Q4’15, primarily due to higher log 
costs on average in all regions except the U.S. South and higher conversion costs in the U.S. 
South operations as work continues on optimization initiatives.   

Lumber production of 607 million board feet in Q4’16 was 39 million board feet higher than 
Q4’15.   

Dec. 31Dec. 31Sept. 30,For the year ended Dec. 31Unit201620152016201620152014Financial Highlights(2)Total sales$MM442.3          411.4          457.6          1,792.7       1,687.4       1,447.2       Lumber$MM363.5          325.0          374.8          1,458.3       1,361.2       1,177.3       Logs, residual products and other$MM78.8            86.4            82.8            334.4          326.2          269.9          Operating earnings (loss)$MM22.3            (6.3)             20.1            75.9            (35.9)           36.1            Net earnings (loss)$MM26.6            (3.5)             15.1            65.6            (30.4)           40.7            Net earnings (loss) per share, basic and diluted$/share0.38            (0.05)           0.22            0.94            (0.44)           0.62            Adjusted net earnings (loss) (3)$MM17.7            4.5              20.7            58.7            (18.9)           60.7            Adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, basic and diluted(3)$/share0.25            0.06            0.30            0.84            (0.27)           0.92            Adjusted EBITDA(3)$MM51.3            35.8            58.1            199.6          91.7            169.3          Adjusted EBITDA margin(3)%11.6%8.7%12.7%11.1%5.4%11.7%Total assets$MM1,300.1       1,389.8       1,326.8       1,300.1       1,389.8       1,068.5       Total debt$MM308.8          468.8          365.3          308.8          468.8          220.4          Pre-tax return on total assets(3)%7.4%-1.0%6.5%6.2%-1.9%6.4%Net debt to invested capital(3)%26.9%38.4%31.8%26.9%38.4%24.1%Operating HighlightsLumber productionmillion fbm607             568             628             2,490          2,497          2,222          Total lumber salesmillion fbm619             615             647             2,561          2,652          2,282               Lumber sales - Interfor producedmillion fbm598             586             627             2,469          2,544          2,217               Lumber sales - wholesale and commissionmillion fbm21               29               20               92               108             65               Lumber - average selling price(4)$/thousand fbm588             529             580             570             513             516             For the 3 months ended 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

12 

____________________ 

Production from the Company’s nine U.S. South sawmills totaled 260 million board feet in 
Q4’16, up 17 million board feet compared to Q4’15, primarily as a result of severe weather 
events which impacted the Georgetown mill significantly in Q4’15.   

Canadian production totaled 209 million board feet in Q4’16, up 24 million board feet as 
compared to Q4’15.  The increase in Canadian production primarily reflects efficiency gains at 
the rebuilt Castlegar sawmill, which was in start-up in Q4’15.   

Production from the Company’s U.S. Northwest operations totaled 137 million board feet in 
Q4’16, representing a decline of 1 million board feet from Q4’15.   

Depreciation of plant and equipment was largely unchanged from Q4’15 as a result of 
comparable production levels in both periods.  Depletion and amortization of timber, roads and 
other was down $2.9 million from the comparable quarter of 2015 as a result of reduced 
conventional logging on the B.C. Coast in Q4’16.  

Corporate and Other 

Selling and administration expenses were $9.6 million, down $0.7 million from the fourth 
quarter of 2015 which included certain IT infrastructure improvement costs.   

The $0.2 million long term incentive compensation expense is due primarily to the vesting of 
awards in Q4’16.  The Q4’15 long term incentive compensation expense of $9.3 million mostly 
reflects the impact of a 49.0% increase in the market price for Interfor Common Shares during 
the quarter. 

Restructuring charges in Q4’16 relate to $1.2 million in impairment charges on surplus 
equipment, $0.6 million in costs associated with the closure of the Tacoma sawmill, and $0.5 
million for the settlement of a defined benefit pension plan.  In Q4’15, the Company took an 
impairment charge of $1.2 million on equipment replaced in 2016 as a result of changes to 
government regulations. 

Finance costs decreased to $4.1 million from $5.5 million in the fourth quarter, 2015.  Free 
cash flow was used to reduce the average debt level which decreased interest costs. 

Other foreign exchange gains of $1.1 million in Q4’16 and $0.5 million in Q4’15 resulted 
primarily from unrealized gains on short-term intercompany funding. 

Other income increased by $13.6 million in Q4’16, primarily as the result of the sale of the 
Tacoma sawmill property which completed on November 30, 2016. 

Income Taxes 

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $7.2 million in Q4’16, comprised of a $0.1 
million current tax expense and a $7.1 million deferred tax expense.  The Company started to 
recognize deferred tax expense in respect of its Canadian operations in Q4’16 following full 
recognition of previously unrecognized assets for non-capital loss carry-forwards. 

Net Earnings (Loss) 

The Company recorded net earnings of $26.6 million or $0.38 per share, compared to a net 
loss of $3.5 million or $0.05 per share in the comparable period, 2015.  Adjusted net earnings 
were $17.7 million or $0.25 per share compared with $4.5 million or $0.06 per share in Q4’15.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

13 

____________________ 

Summary of 2016 Financial Performance 

Sales 

Interfor recorded $1.8 billion in total sales, up 6.2% from $1.7 billion in 2015, driven by the 
sale of 2.6 billion board feet of lumber at an average price of $570 per mfbm.  Lumber sales 
volume decreased 91 million board feet, or 3.4%, while average selling price increased $57 per 
thousand board feet, or 11.0%, as compared to 2015. 

The sales volume decline was affected by temporary operating shift modifications and down-
time taken for capital and business optimization projects at several mills in the U.S. South, 
along with the closure of the Tacoma sawmill, partially offset by the inclusion of a full year of 
sales volume in 2016 from the sawmills acquired in 2015 and a full year of production from the 
rebuilt Castlegar sawmill. 

The increase in the average selling price of lumber reflects higher prices across all benchmark 
products in 2016 as compared to 2015.  The Southern Pine Composite and KD HF Stud 2x4 9’ 
benchmark improved US$25 to US$382 per mfbm and US$30 to US$335 per mfbm, 
respectively.  The Western SPF Composite was up US$16 to US$295 per mfbm.  

Sales realizations were also impacted by the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar against the 
Canadian dollar by 3.6% on average.   

Sales generated from logs, residual products and other increased by $8.2 million or 2.5% 
compared to 2015 as a result of increased log exports in 2016 offsetting the impact of 
relatively low prices realized on the disposal of log inventories at the exited Tacoma sawmill. 

Operations 

Production costs declined by $4.1 million or 0.3% as compared to 2015, explained primarily by 
the 3.4% decrease in lumber sales volume, lower log costs at the Company’s U.S. operations 
and lower conversion costs in the B.C. Interior, somewhat offset by higher log costs in 
Canadian operations, higher conversion costs in the U.S. South operations as they continue to 
work on optimization initiatives, and the stronger U.S. Dollar on average.   

Lumber production of 2.5 billion board feet in 2016 was 7 million board feet lower than in 
2015.   

Production from the Company’s nine U.S. South sawmills totaled 1.0 billion board feet in 2016, 
down 15 million board feet compared to 2015, with inclusion of a full year’s production from 
the three sawmills acquired in 2015 offset by temporary adjustments to operating schedules 
across the U.S. South platform to implement a series of capital and optimization initiatives.  

Canadian production totaled 877 million board feet in 2016, up 92 million board feet as 
compared to 2015.  The increase in Canadian production primarily reflects efficiency gains at 
the Castlegar sawmill, after its rebuild was substantially completed in Q4’15.   

Production from the Company’s U.S. Northwest operations totaled 570 million board feet in 
2016, representing a decline of 84 million board feet from 2015, resulting from closure of the 
Tacoma sawmill, and reduced operating hours at Molalla.   

As the Softwood Lumber Agreement (“SLA”) expired on October 12, 2015, there were no 
export taxes in 2016.  Export taxes of $5.2 million in 2015 were incurred in respect of lumber 
shipments from the Company’s Canadian operations to the U.S. under the SLA.    

Depreciation of plant and equipment was $76.1 million, up 6.4% from 2015.  The majority of 
this increase is explained by incremental depreciation on the rebuilt Castlegar sawmill and the 
inclusion of a full year’s depreciation on four sawmills acquired in 2015.   

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

14 

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Depletion and amortization of timber, roads and other was $34.9 million, down 6.9% as 
compared with 2015, as a result of a reduction in log production and a higher percentage of 
heli-logging on the B.C. Coast in 2016.  

Corporate and Other 

Selling and administration expenses were $43.1 million, down $3.7 million from 2015.  2015 
included $2.1 million of non-recurring acquisition and integration costs and $0.9 million for 
certain IT infrastructure improvements. 

The $4.6 million long term incentive compensation expense in 2016 mainly reflects a 7.6% 
increase in the market price of Interfor Common Shares over the same period, coupled with 
the impact of incentive awards maturing.  The $5.4 million long term incentive compensation 
recovery in 2015 resulted from a 36.0% decrease in the market price of Interfor Common 
Shares over the same period, partially offset by the impact of incentive awards maturing. 

In 2015, the Company recognized restructuring charges of $10.1 million, including severance, 
an onerous contract, site closure costs and write-downs of inventories related to closure of the 
Tacoma sawmill.  An additional impairment charge of $2.8 million was recorded on equipment 
to be replaced in 2016 as a result of changes to government regulations.  Interfor also sold 
substantially all of the assets of its Beaver-Forks operation, located on the Olympic Peninsula 
in Washington, resulting in a reversal of a $1.2 million impairment previously recorded.     

In 2016, Interfor recorded additional restructuring charges of $4.3 million for the Tacoma site, 
including further site closure costs and write-downs of inventories, and an impairment of 
buildings.  Additional restructuring charges of $3.0 million relate to a number of costs, the 
most significant of which is a $1.2 million impairment charge on surplus equipment.  

Finance costs increased to $18.6 million from $17.6 million in 2015 as a result of a higher 
average level of debt outstanding in 2016 as compared to 2015, together with the impact of a 
stronger U.S. Dollar.   

Other foreign exchange gain of $1.5 million is comprised primarily of foreign exchange gains 
on short term intercompany funding.  Other foreign exchange loss of $1.7 million in 2015 is 
comprised primarily of foreign exchange losses on foreign exchange forward contracts. 

Other income of $14.1 million is comprised primarily of a gain on the sale of the Tacoma 
sawmill property which completed on November 30, 2016.  Other income of $0.8 million in 
2015 is comprised primarily of the gain on sale of timber tenures in the B.C. Interior. 

Income Taxes 

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $7.2 million in 2016, comprised of $0.9 
million of current taxes and a $6.4 million deferred income tax expense.   The Company 
started to recognize deferred tax expense in respect of its Canadian operations in Q4’16 
following full recognition of previously unrecognized assets for non-capital loss carry-forwards. 

Net Earnings (Loss) 

The Company recorded net earnings of $65.6 million or $0.94 per share, compared to a net 
loss of $30.4 million or $0.44 per share in 2015.  Adjusted net earnings were $58.7 million or 
$0.84 per share compared with an Adjusted net loss of $18.9 million or $0.27 per share in 
2015.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

15 

____________________ 

Summary of Quarterly Results(1)  

Notes: 

(1)  Figures in this table may not add due to rounding. 
(2)  Refer to the Non-GAAP Measures section of this MD&A for definitions and reconciliations of these measures to 

figures reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

(3)  Gross sales before export taxes. 
(4)  Based on Bank of Canada foreign exchange rates. 

The Company’s quarterly financial trends are most impacted by seasonality, levels of lumber 
production, log costs, market prices for lumber and the USD/CAD foreign currency exchange 
rate. 

Logging operations are seasonal due to a number of factors including weather, ground 
conditions and fire season closures.  Generally, the Company’s B.C. Coastal logging operations 
experience higher production levels in the latter half of the first quarter, throughout the second 
and third quarters and in the first half of the fourth quarter.  Logging in the U.S. South follows 
a similar pattern.  Logging activity in the B.C. Interior is generally higher in the first half of the 
first quarter, slows during spring break-up and increases in the third and fourth quarters.  
Sawmill operations are dependent on the availability of logs from our logging operations and 
our suppliers.  In addition, the market demand for lumber and related products is generally 
lower in the winter due to reduced construction and renovation activities, which increase 
during the spring, summer and fall.   

Four sawmills acquired on March 1, 2015, and one sawmill acquired on June 19, 2015, have all 
contributed to the growth in production and sales.  The permanent closure of the Tacoma 
sawmill impacted production and sales subsequent to May 22, 2015. 

The volatility of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar also impacted results.  A weaker 
Canadian Dollar increases the lumber sales realizations of Canadian operations and increases 
net earnings or losses of U.S. operations when translated to Canadian Dollars. 

UnitQ4Q3Q2Q1Q4Q3Q2Q1Financial Performance (Unaudited)Total sales$MM442.3 457.6 458.8 433.9 411.4 430.8 429.7 415.4 Lumber$MM363.5 374.8 371.1 348.9 325.0 343.3 352.2 340.7 Logs, residual products and other$MM78.8 82.8 87.7 85.0 86.4 87.5 77.5 74.7 Operating earnings (loss)$MM22.3 20.1 30.0 3.5 (6.3)(11.6)(25.8)7.8 Net earnings (loss)$MM26.6 15.1 23.2 0.8 (3.5)(6.1)(20.6)(0.2)Net earnings (loss) per share, basic and diluted$/share0.38 0.22 0.33 0.01 (0.05)(0.09)(0.29)(0.00)Adjusted net earnings (loss)(2)$MM17.7 20.7 17.5 2.7 4.5 (16.6)(10.3)3.5 Adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, basic and diluted(2)$/share0.25 0.30 0.25 0.04 0.06 (0.24)(0.15)0.05 Adjusted EBITDA(2)$MM51.3 58.1 56.9 33.4 35.8 11.5 12.7 31.8 Shares outstanding - end of periodmillion70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 Shares outstanding - weighted averagemillion70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 67.8 Operating PerformanceLumber productionmillion fbm607     628     637     618     568     618     672     639     Total lumber salesmillion fbm619     647     658     637     615     686     719     632          Lumber sales - Interfor producedmillion fbm598     627     634     609     586     663     688     607          Lumber sales - wholesale and commissionmillion fbm21       20       24       28       29       23       31       25       Lumber - average selling price(3)$/thousand fbm588     580     564     548     529     500     490     539     Average USD/CAD exchange rate(4)1 USD in CAD1.33411.30501.28861.37321.33541.30891.22971.2412Closing USD/CAD exchange rate(4)1 USD in CAD1.34271.31171.30091.29711.38401.33941.24741.268320162015 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

16 

____________________ 

Liquidity 

Balance Sheet 

Interfor strengthened its financial position throughout 2016, with strong cash flow generated 
from operations and proceeds received from the monetization of the Tacoma sawmill property 
used to repay debt and fund capital projects.  Net debt at December 31, 2016 was $289.6 
million, or 26.9% of invested capital, representing a decrease of $162.8 million from the level 
of net debt at December 31, 2015.   

A strengthening of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar by 3.0% contributed $16.1 
million to the net debt reduction in 2016 over 2015 as all debt held was denominated in U.S. 
Dollars.    

As at December 31, 2016, the Company had net working capital of $136.1 million and available 
liquidity of $296.3 million, including cash and borrowing capacity on operating and term line 
facilities.   

On February 9, 2016, the Company extended the maturity of its Operating Line and Revolving 
Term Line from February 27, 2017 to May 19, 2019 and amended certain other terms, resulting 
in an increase in the maximum borrowing available under the financing agreement.  On June 
15, 2016, the Company extended the maturity of its U.S. Operating Line from May 1, 2017 to 
May 1, 2018.   

These resources, in addition to cash generated from operations, will be used to support working 
capital requirements, debt servicing commitments and capital expenditures.  We believe that 
Interfor will have sufficient liquidity to fund operating and capital requirements for the 
foreseeable future.  

Thousands of dollars2016201520162015Net debtNet debt, period opening, CAD346,929$        461,474$        452,303$        202,553$        Net drawing (repayment)‎ on credit facilities, CAD(66,178)          (19,207)          (143,882)        182,949          Impact on U.S. Dollar denominated debt from (strengthening) weakening CAD9,678              14,592            (16,056)          65,391            Decrease (increase) in cash and equivalents, CAD(878)               (4,556)            (2,814)            1,410              Net debt, period ending, CAD289,551$        452,303$        289,551$        452,303$        Net debt components by currencyU.S. Dollar debt, period opening, USD274,709$        345,957$        338,699$        190,000$        Net drawing (repayment) on credit facilities, USD(44,709)          (7,258)            (108,699)        148,699          U.S. Dollar debt, period ending, USD230,000          338,699          230,000          338,699          Spot rate, period end1.3427            1.3840            U.S. Dollar debt expressed in CAD308,821          468,759          Canadian Dollar debt, including bank indebtedness, CAD-                 -                 Canadian Dollar operating line, CAD-                 -                 Total debt, CAD308,821          468,759          Cash and cash equivalents, CAD(19,270)          (16,456)          Net debt, period ending, CAD289,551$        452,303$        For the 3 months endedFor the year endedDecember 31,December 31, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

17 

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Cash Flow from Operating Activities 

The Company generated $192.6 million of cash flow from operations before changes in working 
capital in 2016, or a $125.7 million increase over 2015.  Incremental cash flow generated from 
increased sales margins coupled with the strengthened U.S. Dollar, elimination of export taxes 
and reductions in selling and administration costs were slightly offset by a reduction in sales 
volumes.  In 2015, increased sales volumes were offset by reduced sales margins and 
increases in export taxes and selling and administration costs. 

There was a net cash inflow from operations after changes in working capital of $199.3 million 
in 2016, with $6.7 million of cash generated from operating working capital.  In 2015, $34.5 
million of cash was generated from operating working capital, with $101.4 million of total cash 
generated from operations.   

Cash Flow from Investing Activities 
Investing activities totaled $36.2 million in 2016, net of $41.4 million in proceeds on the 
disposal of property, plant and equipment, resulting primarily from the monetization of the 
Tacoma sawmill property.  Spending included $52.1 million for property, plant and equipment, 
timber licenses and other intangibles, and $24.6 million for development of logging roads. 
Discretionary improvements of $17.8 million during 2016 included $7.6 million for the 
finalization of the Castlegar sawmill rebuild.  

In 2015,  total investing activities of $333.3 million included $170.8 million for the Simpson 
acquisition, $43.7 million for the Monticello acquisition, $8.7 million for payment of the 
contingent purchase price to Keadle Lumber Enterprises Inc., $95.3 million for property, plant 
and equipment, timber licences and other intangibles and $26.1 million for development of 
logging roads.   

Spending of $11.3 million on investments and other assets in 2016 related primarily to fixed 
income and equity investments purchased for treasury management purposes, the majority of 
which were disposed of within the year, resulting in proceeds on the disposal of investments of 
$10.3 million. 

Cash Flow from Financing Activities 

Net repayments under the Company’s credit facilities were $143.9 million, as the Company 
utilized surplus cash generated from operations and the proceeds from the Tacoma sawmill 
property sale to reduce debt.  Cash used for financing activities totaled $162.2 million in 2016. 

In 2015, net drawings on the Company’s credit facilities were $182.9 million and net proceeds 
from issuance of 3.3 million shares were $63.2 million, leading to total cash from financing 
activities of $229.7 million in 2015.  This includes $151.3 million drawn on the Company’s 
credit facilities to fund the Simpson and Monticello acquisitions.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

18 

____________________ 

Summary of Contractual Obligations 

The estimated cash payments due in respect of contractual and legal obligations as at 
December 31, 2016, including major capital improvements are summarized as follows:  

Notes: 

(1)  Relates to Simpson acquisition and was paid on January 13, 2017. 

Capital Resources 

The following table summarizes Interfor’s credit facilities and availability as of December 31, 
2016: 

As of December 31, 2016, the Company had commitments for capital expenditures totaling 
$7.9 million for both maintenance and discretionary capital projects.   

Transactions between Related Parties 

Other than transactions in the normal course of business with key management personnel, the 
Company had no transactions between related parties in the year ended December 31, 2016.   

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

The Company has off-balance sheet arrangements which include letters of credit and surety 
performance bonds, primarily for timber purchases.  At December 31, 2016, such instruments 
aggregated $45.7 million (December 31, 2015 - $47.4 million).  Off-balance sheet 
arrangements have not had, and are not reasonably likely to have, any material impact on the 
Company’s current or future financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. 

Payments due by PeriodUp to 2-34-5 After 5Thousands of Canadian dollarsTotal1 YearYearsYearsYearsTrade accounts payable and accrued liabilities112,592$    112,592$    -$            -$            -$            Income taxes payable317 317             -              -              -              Contingent future payment(1)13,427 13,427        -              -              -              Reforestation liability39,419 11,609        10,226        8,141          9,443          Long term debt308,821 -              40,281        44,756        223,784      Provisions and other liabilities38,817 11,008 5,662 2,150 19,997 Operating leases and capital commitments66,820 19,570 23,320 10,220 13,710 Total obligations580,213$    168,523$    79,489$      65,267$      266,934$    RevolvingSeniorU.S.OperatingTermSecuredOperatingThousands of Canadian dollarsLineLineNotesLineTotalAvailable line of credit65,000$      200,000$    268,540$    67,135$      600,675$    Maximum borrowing available65,000$      200,000$    268,540$    65,627$      599,167$    Less: Drawings-              40,281 268,540 -              308,821 Outstanding letters of credit included in line utilization10,026        -              -              3,296          13,322        Unused portion of facility54,974$      159,719$    -$            62,331$      277,024$    Add cash and cash equivalents19,270        Available liquidity at Dec. 31, 2016296,294$     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

19 

____________________ 

Financial Instruments and Other Instruments 

From time to time, the Company employs financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps 
and foreign currency contracts, to manage exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and 
foreign currency exchange rates.  The Company’s policy is to not use derivatives for trading or 
speculative purposes.  Risk management strategies and relationships are formally documented 
and assessed on a regular, ongoing basis to ensure derivatives are effective in offsetting 
changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items.  The counter-parties for all derivative 
contracts existing at December 31, 2016, are the Company’s Canadian bankers who are 
highly-rated, thereby mitigating the risk of credit loss on such instruments.   

Interest Rate Swaps 

As at December 31, 2016, Interfor had drawn a total of $40.3 million of floating rate debt, 
excluding letters of credit, on its credit facilities.  The Company’s facilities bear interest at the 
bank prime rate plus a premium, or, at the Company's option, at rates for Bankers' 
Acceptances for Canadian Dollar loans or at LIBOR for U.S. Dollar loans, in all cases dependent 
upon a financial ratio. 

Two of the Company’s interest rate swaps matured on April 14, 2016.  Two interest rate swaps 
remained outstanding at December 31, 2016 each with a notional value of US$25,000,000.  
Under these two interest rate swaps, maturing February 27, 2017, the Company pays an 
amount based on a fixed annual interest rate of 0.84% and receives a 90 day LIBOR which is 
recalculated at set interval dates 

These interest rate swaps convert a portion of the Company’s floating-rate interest expense to 
fixed-rate interest expense and have been designated as cash flow hedges.  The fair value of 
these interest rate swaps at December 31, 2016, being an asset of less than $0.1 million 
(measured based on Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy), has been recorded in Trade accounts 
receivable and other (2015 - $0.1 million) and a negligible loss (2015 – $0.1 million) has been 
recognized in Other comprehensive income. 

Based on the Company’s average debt level during 2016, the sensitivity of a 100 basis point 
increase in interest rates would result in an approximate decrease of $0.3 million in Net 
earnings. 

Foreign Currency Contracts 

The Company is exposed to currency risk on cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, 
accounts payable and provisions and long term debt that are denominated in a currency other 
than the respective functional currencies of the Company’s domestic and foreign operations, 
primarily Canadian and U.S. Dollars, but also the Euro, Sterling and Yen.  The Company uses 
foreign currency exchange contracts to manage its currency risk from time to time.  The 
Company routinely assesses its foreign exchange exposure by reviewing outstanding contracts, 
pending order files and working capital denominated in foreign currencies. 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company had no outstanding foreign currency exchange 
contract obligations (2015 – nil).  All foreign currency gains or losses on foreign currency 
contracts in 2016 have been recognized in Other foreign exchange gain (loss) in Net earnings.   

Unrealized gains and losses arising upon translation of net foreign currency investment 
positions in U.S. Dollar functional currency foreign operations, together with any gain or losses 
arising from hedges of those net investment positions, to the extent effective, are credited or 
charged to net change in unrealized foreign currency translation gains (losses) in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.  Upon sale, reduction or substantial 
liquidation of an investment position, the previously recorded net unrealized gains (losses) 
thereon in the Translation reserve are reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Earnings. 

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

20 

____________________ 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company had designated the US$30.0 million drawn under its 
Revolving Term Line and US$200.0 million drawn under its Senior Secured Notes as hedges 
against the net investment in its U.S. operations.   

The Company recorded a $7.9 million unrealized foreign exchange loss on translation of its 
U.S. operations with a U.S. Dollar functional currency, net of revaluations of debt designated 
as hedges against the net investment in U.S. operations, to Other comprehensive income in 
2016 (2015 - $56.5 million gain).   

Outstanding Shares 

As of December 31, 2016, Interfor had 70,030,455 Common Shares issued and outstanding.  
These shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol IFP. 

Controls and Procedures 

The Company’s management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and 
the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the design and effectiveness of the 
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures.  Based on this evaluation, the CEO and CFO 
have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of 
December 31, 2016.   

The Company’s management, under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the 
design and effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting (“ICFR”) 
based on the criteria established within the 2013 COSO framework.  Based on this evaluation, 
the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company’s ICFR were effective as of December 31, 
2016.   

The CEO and CFO acknowledge responsibility for the design of ICFR and confirm that there 
were no changes in these controls that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2016, 
which materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s ICFR.   

Critical Accounting Estimates 

The Company’s financial statements include critical accounting estimates made by 
management.  Management is required to make various assumptions about matters that are 
highly uncertain at the time accounting estimates are made; the use of different assumptions 
could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and performance.  These 
critical accounting estimates are described below. 

Valuation of Inventories.  Lumber inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable 
value on a specific product basis.  Log inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net 
realizable value on a specific boom or sort basis.  The unit net realizable value for lumber 
inventories and B.C. Coast log inventories is determined by reference to the average sales 
values by specific product in the period immediately following the reporting date.  The unit 
realizable value for B.C. Interior and U.S. log inventories is determined by reference to the 
value of the projected lumber and residual outturns.  The unit cost for lumber is based on a 
three month moving average cost, lagged by one month and adjusted for abnormal costs, as in 
the case of a curtailment.  The unit cost for B.C. Coast logs is based on a twelve month moving 
average cost lagged one month and for B.C. Interior logs is based on the three month moving 
average cost, both adjusted for abnormal costs.  The unit cost for U.S. logs is based on 
purchase cost.  The Company records a charge to operating earnings when net realizable value 
is lower than carrying value.  Downward movements in commodity prices could result in a 
material write-down of log and/or lumber inventories at any given time. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

21 

____________________ 

Recoverability of Property, Plant and Equipment, Logging Roads and Bridges, Timber licences, 
Other Intangible Assets, and Goodwill.  Interfor’s assessment of recoverability of property, 
plant and equipment, logging roads, bridges, timber licences and other intangible assets is 
made with reference to projections of future cash flows to be generated by its operations.  The 
assessment of recoverability of goodwill is also made with reference to projections of future 
cash flows to be generated by the related cash generating unit.  In both cases the projected 
cash flows are discounted to estimate the recoverable amount of the related assets.   

The Company conducts a review of external and internal sources of information to assess 
existence of any impairment indicators.  External factors include adverse changes in expected 
future prices, costs and other market and economic factors.  Internal factors include changes 
in the expected useful life of the asset or changes to the planned capacity of the asset.   

Key assumptions used are based on industry sources, including Forest Economic Advisors, LLC, 
as well as management estimates.  Assumptions encompass lumber and residual chip sales 
prices, applicable foreign exchange rates, operating rates of the assets, raw material and 
conversion costs, the level of sales to the U.S. from Canada, the export tax rate, future capital 
required to maintain the assets in their current operating condition, and other items.   

A high degree of uncertainty exists in these assumptions and, as such, any significant change 
in assumptions could result in a conclusion that the carrying value of these assets may not be 
recovered, which could necessitate a material charge against operating earnings. 

Appropriate discount rates are determined by reference to current market conditions, specific 
company factors and asset specific factors.  The inflation rate applied within the cash flow 
projections represents the published Bank of Canada consumer price index. 

Interfor assesses the recoverability of Property, Plant and Equipment, Logging Roads and 
Bridges, Timber Licences and Other Intangible Assets whenever events or circumstances 
indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  Goodwill is tested for impairment 
annually, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may 
exist.  The Company assessed the recoverability of goodwill as at December 31, 2016 and 
concluded that there was no impairment. 

Reforestation and Other Forestry-related Liabilities.  Crown legislation requires the Company to 
complete reforestation activities on its forest and timber tenures.  Accordingly, Interfor records 
the estimated liability for reforestation as timber is cut, and includes these expenses in the 
cost of current production.  The estimate of future reforestation costs is based on detailed 
prescriptions of reforestation as prepared by Registered Professional Foresters employed or 
contracted by the Company.  Considerations include the specifics of the areas logged and the 
treatments prescribed for those areas, as well as the timing and success rates of the planned 
activities.  Estimates of reforestation liabilities could be materially impacted by forest fires, 
wildlife grazing, unfavourable weather conditions, changing legislative requirements and 
standards, or inaccurate projections, which could result in a charge against operating earnings. 

The Company also has a legal obligation to deactivate certain roads constructed for access to 
timber, once that access is no longer required.  Accordingly, Interfor accrues the cost of road 
deactivation as related timber is cut, including those expenses in the cost of current 
production.  The estimate of future road deactivation cost is based on comprehensive plans 
prepared by Professional Foresters and Engineers employed by Interfor and includes such 
considerations as road structure and terrain.  Estimates of road deactivation liabilities could be 
materially impacted by unfavourable terrain, changing legislative requirements and standards, 
or inaccurate projections, which could result in a charge against operating earnings.  Each of 
these estimates is reviewed regularly on an ongoing basis. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

22 

____________________ 

Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits.  The Company sponsors two defined benefit 
pension plans for those hourly employees not covered by forest industry union plans.  It also 
sponsors two post-retirement medical and life insurance plans and a non-contributory defined 
benefit pension plan for a former senior executive.   

The Company retains independent actuarial consultants to value the defined pension benefit 
obligations, the post-retirement medical and life insurance obligations and related plan asset 
values.  Actuarial assumptions used in the valuation of plan obligations and assets include 
assumptions for the discount rate used in calculations of net present value of obligations, 
expected rates of return on plan assets to be used to fund obligations, and assumed rates of 
increase for employee compensation and health care costs.  Actual experience can vary 
materially from estimates and could result in a material charge against operating earnings as 
well as necessitate a current cash funding requirement. 

Income Taxes.  The Company’s provision for income taxes, both current and deferred, is based 
on various judgments, assumptions and estimates including the tax treatment of transactions 
recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  Interfor records provisions for 
income taxes based on the respective tax rules and regulations in the jurisdictions in which the 
Company operates.  Due to the number of variables associated with the judgments, 
assumptions and estimates, and differing tax rules and regulations across the multiple 
jurisdictions, the precision and reliability of the resulting estimates are subject to uncertainties 
and may change as additional information becomes known. 
Income tax assets and liabilities, both current and deferred, are measured according to the 
income tax legislation that is expected to apply when the asset is realized or the liability 
settled.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are comprised of the tax effect of temporary 
differences between the carrying amount and tax basis of assets and liabilities, tax loss carry 
forwards and tax credits.  Assumptions underlying the composition of deferred income tax 
assets and liabilities include estimates of future results of operations and the timing of the 
reversal of temporary differences as well as the tax rates and laws in the applicable 
jurisdictions at the time of the reversal.  The composition of deferred income tax assets and 
liabilities is reasonably likely to change from period to period due to the uncertainties 
surrounding these assumptions. 

Accounting Policy Changes 

A number of new standards, and amendments to existing standards and interpretations, were 
not yet effective for the year ended December 31, 2016, and have not been applied in 
preparing the Company’s 2016 annual audited consolidated financial statements.  The following 
pronouncements are considered by the Company to be the most significant of several 
pronouncements that may affect the financial statements: 

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments, will replace the multiple classification and measurement models 
in IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, with a single model that has 
only two classification categories:  amortized cost and fair value.  IFRS 9 is effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with earlier adoption permitted.   

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, will replace all existing IFRS revenue 
requirements and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with 
earlier adoption permitted.   

The Company is still in the process of assessing IFRS 9 and IFRS 15, but does not currently 
believe either will have a significant impact on its financial statements. 

IFRS 16, Leases, eliminates the current dual accounting model for lessees, which distinguishes 
between on-balance sheet finance leases and off-balance sheet operating leases.  Under the 

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

23 

____________________ 

new standard, operating leases become an on-balance sheet liability that attracts interest, 
together with a corresponding right-of-use asset.  In addition, lessees will recognize a front-
loaded pattern of expense for most leases, even when cash rentals are constant.  IFRS 16 is 
effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with earlier adoption 
permitted.  The Company has not yet completed an assessment of the impact of this standard 
on its financial statements. 

Non-GAAP Measures 

This MD&A makes reference to the following non-GAAP measures: Adjusted net earnings 
(loss), Adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Pre-tax return on 
total assets and Net debt to invested capital, which are used by the Company and certain 
investors to evaluate operating performance and financial position.  These non-GAAP measures 
do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and are therefore unlikely to be 
comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers.   

The following table provides a reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to figures as 
reported in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements prepared (unaudited for 
interim periods) in accordance with IFRS:  

Dec. 31Dec. 31Sept. 30,For the year ended Dec. 31Thousands of Canadian dollars except number of shares and per share amounts201620152016201620152014Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)(1)26,550$      (3,507)$       15,093$      65,643$      (30,386)$     40,690$      Add:Restructuring costs and capital asset write-downs2,281 2,866 1,492 7,280 12,829 24,129 Other foreign exchange loss (gain)(1,072)(473)(792)(1,468)1,651 2,651 Long term incentive compensation expense (recovery)199 9,335 8,321 4,551 (5,431)23,933 Other income(14,452)(863)(7)(14,094)(757)37 Beaver sawmill post-closure wind-down costs128 6 6 145 365 1,083 Tacoma sawmill post-acquisition losses and closure costs(13)698 94 764 11,009 - Income tax effect of above adjustments4,895 (2,564)(1,408)2,008 (9,311)(10,951)Recognition of previously unrecognized deferred tax assets(769)(983)(2,134)(6,171)1,136 (20,902)Adjusted net earnings (loss)17,747$      4,515$        20,665$      58,658$      (18,895)$     60,670$      Weighted average number of shares - basic and diluted ('000)70,030 70,030 70,030 70,030 69,488 66,005 Adjusted net earnings (loss) per share0.25$          0.06$          0.30$          0.84$          (0.27)$         0.92$          Adjusted EBITDA26,550$      (3,507)$       15,093$      65,643$      (30,386)$     40,690$      Add: Depreciation of plant and equipment18,534 18,482 18,624 76,092 71,492 55,167 Depletion and amortization of timber, roads and other7,833 10,734 9,441 34,895 37,478 28,912 Restructuring costs and capital asset write-downs2,281 2,866 1,492 7,280 12,829 24,129 Finance costs4,074 5,459 4,379 18,602 17,569 8,915 Other foreign exchange loss (gain)(1,072)(473)(792)(1,468)1,651 2,651 Income tax expense (recovery)7,236 (6,943)1,445 7,207 (24,017)(16,230)EBITDA65,436 26,618 49,682 208,251 86,616 144,234 Add: Long term incentive compensation expense (recovery)199 9,335 8,321 4,551 (5,431)23,933 Other income(14,452)(863)(7)(14,094)(757)37 Beaver sawmill post-closure wind-down costs128 6 6 145 363 1,075 Tacoma sawmill post-acquisition losses and closure costs(13)698 94 764 10,928 - Adjusted EBITDA51,298$      35,794$      58,096$      199,617$    91,719$      169,279$    Pre-tax return on total assets24,617$      (3,461)$       21,610$      83,170$      (23,111)$     60,192$      Total assets(2)1,326,792 1,383,751 1,337,569 1,345,722 1,229,160 946,325 Pre-tax return on total assets(3)7.4%(1.0%)6.5%6.2%(1.9%)6.4%Net debt to invested capitalNet debtTotal debt308,821$    468,759$    365,321$    308,821$    468,759$    220,419$    Cash and cash equivalents(19,270)(16,456)(18,392)(19,270)(16,456)(17,866)Total net debt289,551$    452,303$    346,929$    289,551$    452,303$    202,553$    Invested capitalNet debt289,551$    452,303$    346,929$    289,551$    452,303$    202,553$    Shareholders' equity786,667 725,254 745,333 786,667 725,254 636,480 Total invested capital1,076,218$ 1,177,557$ 1,092,262$ 1,076,218$ 1,177,557$ 839,033$    Net debt to invested capital(4)26.9%38.4%31.8%26.9%38.4%24.1%Operating earnings (loss) before restructuring costsNet earnings (loss)Net earnings (loss)For the 3 months ended 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

24 

____________________ 

Notes: 

(1)  Certain historical periods have been recast to exclude the recognition of previously unrecognized deferred tax 

assets from Adjusted net earnings. 

(2)  Total  assets  at  period  beginning  for  three  month  periods;  average  of  opening  and  closing  total  assets  for 

twelve month periods. 

(3)  Annualized rate. 
(4)  Net debt to invested capital as of the period end. 

Risks and Uncertainties 

The Company is exposed to many risks and uncertainties in conducting its business including, 
but not limited to the factors described below. 

Price Volatility 

The Company’s operating results are affected by fluctuations in the selling prices for lumber, 
logs and wood chips.  Prices are affected by such factors as the general level of economic 
activity in the markets in which the Company sells its products, interest rates, construction 
activity (in particular, housing starts in the United States, Canada, Japan and China), and log 
and chip supply/demand relationships.  The Company’s financial results may be significantly 
affected by changes in the selling prices of its products. 

Competition 

The markets for the Company’s products are highly competitive on a global basis and 
producers compete primarily on the basis of price.  In addition, a majority of the Company’s 
lumber production is sold in markets where the Company competes against many producers of 
approximately the same or larger capacity.  Some of the Company’s competitors have greater 
financial resources and a number are, in certain product lines, lower-cost producers. 

Factors which affect the Company’s competitive position include: 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 

foreign currency exchange rates; 
the cost of labour; 
costs of harvesting or purchasing logs; 
the ability to secure a quality log supply matched to a sawmill’s requirements; 
the quality of its products and customer service; 
the ability to secure space on vessels for overseas shipments and on trucks and railcars 
for North American shipments; 
the existence and rate of export taxes payable on sales from Canada to the United 
States; and 
its ability to maintain high operating rates to leverage fixed manufacturing costs. 

If the Company is unable to successfully compete on a global basis, its financial condition could 
suffer. 

Availability and Cost of Log Supply 

The log requirements of the Company’s sawmills are met using logs harvested from its timber 
tenures, by long term trade and purchase agreements and by purchases on the open market 
and through timber sale bids.  Logs produced but unsuitable for use in the Company’s sawmills 
are either traded for suitable logs or sold on the open market.  Operating at normal capacity, 
the Company’s Canadian sawmills generally purchase less than 40% of their log requirements 
either through purchase agreements or on the open market.  The Company relies almost 
entirely on purchased fibre through purchase agreements for its U.S. based sawmills, with a 
small volume occasionally supplied by the Company’s Canadian coastal logging operations for 
the sawmill located on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula.  As a result, fluctuations in the price, 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

25 

____________________ 

quality or availability of log supply can have a material effect on the Company’s business, 
financial position, results of operations and cash flow.  In addition, weather-related issues can 
restrict timely access to log supply. 

The Company relies on third-party independent contractors to harvest timber in areas over 
which it holds timber tenures.  Increases in rates charged by these independent contractors or 
the limited availability of these independent contractors may increase the Company’s timber 
harvesting costs. 

Additionally, in order to ensure uninterrupted access to logs harvested from its timber tenures 
in Canada, the Company must also focus on the continuous development of road networks.  
This encompasses an integrated plan by foresters, engineers and logging operations personnel 
to identify future logging areas and develop the engineering for roads.  The Company expects 
to fund its ongoing road development with cash generated from operations and through 
utilization of its existing credit facilities. 

Natural or Man-Made Disasters 

The Company’s operations are subject to adverse natural or man-made events such as forest 
fires, severe weather conditions, climate change, timber disease and insect infestation and 
earthquake activity.  These events could damage or destroy the Company’s physical facilities 
or timber supply and similar events could also affect the facilities of the Company’s suppliers or 
customers.  Any such damage or destruction could adversely affect the Company’s financial 
results due to decreased production output or increased operating costs.  Although 
management believes it has reasonable insurance arrangements in place to cover certain of 
such incidents, there can be no assurance that these arrangements will be sufficient to fully 
protect the Company against such losses.  As is common in the industry, the Company does 
not insure loss of standing timber for any cause. 

Currency Exchange Sensitivity 

The Company’s Canadian operations ordinarily sell approximately 80% of their lumber into 
export markets, with the majority of these sales denominated in U.S. Dollars and, to a lesser 
extent, in Japanese Yen.  While the Canadian operations also incur some U.S. Dollar–
denominated expenses, primarily for ocean freight and other transportation and for equipment 
operating leases, the majority of expenses are incurred in Canadian Dollars.  The Company’s 
operations in the United States transact primarily in U.S. Dollars.   

An increase in the value of the Canadian Dollar relative to the U.S. Dollar would reduce the 
amount of revenue in Canadian Dollars realized by the Company from lumber sales made in 
U.S. Dollars.  This would reduce the Company’s operating margin and the cash flow available 
to fund operations.  Consequently, a significant strengthening of the Canadian Dollar against 
the U.S. Dollar could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Government Regulation 

The Company’s operations are subject to extensive provincial, state, federal or other laws and 
regulations that apply to most aspects of its business activities.  Where applicable, the 
Company is required to obtain approvals, permits and licences for its operations as a condition 
to operate. 

From time to time, changes in government policy or regulation may impact the Company’s 
operations.  Until the details of all such changes are announced and implemented, the full 
impact of these changes on the Company’s production, costs, financial position and results of 
operations cannot be determined. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

26 

____________________ 

Allowable Annual Cut (“AAC”) 

The Company holds cutting rights in British Columbia (“B.C.”) that represent an AAC of 
approximately of 3.7 million cubic metres.  Of this amount, 3.65 million cubic metres is in the 
form of replaceable tenures (4 Tree Farm Licences and 19 Forest Licences).  The remaining 
portion is held in non-replaceable Timber Licences that will expire over time.   

The AAC is regulated by the Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations and is 
subject to a periodic Timber Supply Review process to make determinations that set harvesting 
rates for each tenure.  Many factors affect the AAC, including timber inventory, operable land 
base, growth rates, regulations, forest health, land use and environmental and social 
considerations. 

Reductions in the Company’s AAC from any new protected areas are subject to compensation 
once these areas have been formally removed.  Currently there is a Government plan in 2017 
to set aside some additional area for conservation purposes in the Mid Coast region that may 
affect some of the Company’s Timber Licences and trigger a claim for compensation.  The 
timber volume impacted has not been finalized, and the amount of compensation is not known 
at this time.  

Proposed regulatory changes in 2017 to meet new Ecosystem Based Management (“EBM”) 
requirements in the Central Coast of B.C. will also impact the Company’s timber supply, and 
these are not compensable.  The AAC impact, once these changes take effect, will be 
approximately a 6% reduction of the company’s timber supply in B.C.        

The amount of timber available for harvest in the south-central portion of the B.C. Interior is 
expected to decline over the next 10 years as the surplus of dead pine stands from the pine 
beetle epidemic become no longer useable.  A portion of Interfor’s tenures can expect some 
modest AAC declines over this period, but they are not expected to have a material impact on 
our internal supply.   

Aboriginal Issues 

Aboriginal groups have claimed aboriginal title and rights over substantial portions of B.C., 
including areas where the Company’s forest tenures are situated, creating uncertainty as to 
the status of competing property rights.  The Federal and Provincial governments have been 
seeking to negotiate settlements with aboriginal groups throughout B.C. in order to resolve 
aboriginal rights and title claims.  In addition, the governments have entered, and may 
continue to enter, into interim measure (reconciliation) agreements with aboriginal groups.  
Any interim measures, agreements or settlements that may result from the treaty process may 
involve a combination of cash, resources, grants of conditional rights to resources on public 
lands and rights of self-government.  The impact of aboriginal claims or treaty settlements on 
the Company’s forest tenures or the amounts of compensation to the Company, if any, cannot 
be estimated at this time. 

The courts have also established that the Crown has a duty to consult with aboriginal groups 
and, where appropriate, accommodate aboriginal interests.  However, questions of 
responsibility and appropriateness of balancing interests will continue to evolve as the parties 
try to address these long-standing and complex issues.  The Government of B.C. has been 
working to improve the functional relationship between the Crown and aboriginal groups prior 
to treaty settlement.  The Province of B.C. and some First Nations groups on the coast of B.C. 
have signed Reconciliation Protocols that provide a shared decision making process for 
resource and land use, as well as new forest sector opportunities.  These agreements overlap 
portions of the Company’s coastal tenures.  The agreements will be assessed and monitored in 
the years ahead to determine the extent of any implications on those operations. 

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

27 

____________________ 

Softwood Lumber Trade 

The Company’s financial results are dependent on continued access to the U.S. market for the 
portion of Company’s products that are manufactured in Canada and exported to the U.S.  
Tariffs and other trade barriers that restrict or prevent access represent a continuing risk to 
the Company’s Canadian based operations.  Approximately 15% of Interfor’s total softwood 
lumber sales would be exposed to duties and/or trade restrictions imposed by the U.S.   

The Softwood Lumber Agreement implemented by the federal governments of Canada and the 
United States in 2006, expired on October 12, 2015.  As part of that agreement the U.S. 
government agreed to a standstill period, where it would not take any trade action against 
Canada for a twelve month period following expiry.  On November 25, 2016, the U.S. Coalition 
filed a petition with the U.S. Department of Commerce (“DoC”) and the U.S. International 
Trade Commission (“ITC”) seeking countervailing and anti-dumping duties on Canadian 
softwood lumber imports to the U.S.   

On January 6, 2017, the ITC determined that there is a reasonable indication that the U.S. 
industry is materially injured by the imports of softwood lumber products from Canada.  As a 
result, the DoC will commence its anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigations on 
imports of these products.  

The DoC is expected to announce its ruling in the Countervailing Duty (“CVD”) investigation in 
the second quarter of 2017.  A ruling in the Anti-dumping Duty (“AD”) investigation is 
expected to come approximately 60 days thereafter.  If the DoC rules that “critical 
circumstances” apply, duties could be applied retroactively up to 90 days prior to the 
preliminary determinations.  It is not anticipated that this would give rise to a liability as at 
December 31, 2016. 

While dialogue continues between the U.S. and Canada, there is no assurance there will be any 
new trade agreement forthcoming or whether a new trade agreement could adversely affect 
the Company’s Canadian operations.  Canada is expected to defend itself vigorously in any 
trade action taken by the U.S.  

Stumpage Fees 

The Province of B.C. charges stumpage fees to companies that harvest timber from Crown 
land.  Stumpage payments for a harvesting area are based on a competitive market pricing 
system (“MPS”) that has been established for both the coast and interior regions of B.C. 

The stumpage system is complex and the subject of discussion involving, among other things, 
lumber trade agreements between Canada and the United States.  The primary variable in the 
MPS is log pricing established through open market bidding for standing timber.  In addition to 
bid prices, there are a number of operational and administrative factors that determine an 
individual stumpage rate for each cutting permit. 

Periodic changes in the Provincial government’s administrative policy can affect the market 
price for timber and the viability of individual logging operations.  There can be no assurance 
that current changes or future changes will not have a material impact on stumpage rates. 

Environment 

The Company has incurred, and will continue to incur, costs to minimize environmental impact, 
prevent pollution and for continuous improvement of its environmental performance.  The 
Company may discover currently unknown environmental problems or conditions relating to its 
past or present operations, or it may be faced with an unforeseen environmental liability in the 
future.  This may require site or other remediation costs to maintain compliance or correct 
violations of environmental laws and regulations or result in governmental or private claims for 

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

28 

____________________ 

damage to person, property or the environment, which could have a material adverse effect on 
the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. 

Labour Disruptions 

Production disruptions resulting from walkouts or strikes by unionized employees could result 
in lost production and sales, which could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s 
business.  The Company believes that its current labour relations are stable and does not 
anticipate any related disruptions to its operations in the foreseeable future. 

The Company depends on a variety of third parties that employ unionized workers to provide 
critical services to the Company.  Labour disputes by these third parties could lead to 
disruptions at the Company’s facilities.  The Company’s Acorn, Hammond, Grand Forks, and 
Castlegar sawmill employees are members of the Canadian United Steelworkers union 
(“USW”).  The collective agreement with the Southern Interior USW agreement (Grand Forks 
and Castlegar) expires on June 30, 2018, while the USW agreement for the B.C. Coast (Acorn 
and Hammond) expires on June 15, 2019.  The Company also has 22 employees in the B.C. 
Interior who are members of the Canadian Marine Service Guild (“CMSG”).  The collective 
agreement with the CMSG expires September 30, 2019.   

In 2015, the Company acquired sawmills in Meldrim, Georgia and Longview, Washington where 
employees were represented by the American USW and the International Association of 
Machinist and Aerospace Workers (“IAM”), respectively.  The American USW at the Meldrim 
sawmill was decertified on April 28, 2016, while the IAM collective agreement expires on 
November 15, 2020. 

Additional Information 

Additional information relating to the Company and its operations, including the Company’s 
Annual Information Form, can be found on its website at www.interfor.com and on SEDAR at 
www.sedar.com.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

29 

Management is responsible for the integrity and fair presentation of the accompanying 

consolidated financial statements.  The financial statements were prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards and, where necessary, are based in part on 
management’s best estimates and judgements.  Financial information included elsewhere in 
the 2016 Annual Report is consistent with that disclosed in the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Management maintains a system of internal accounting control which it believes provides 

reasonable assurance that financial records are reliable and form a proper basis for preparation 
of financial statements.  The internal accounting control process includes communications to 
employees of Interfor’s standards for ethical business conduct. 

The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its 

responsibilities for financial reporting and internal controls.  The Board exercises this 
responsibility primarily through its Audit Committee, the members of which are neither officers 
nor employees of Interfor.  The Audit Committee meets periodically with management and the 
independent Auditors to satisfy itself that each group is properly discharging its responsibilities 
and to review the consolidated financial statements and the independent Auditors’ report 
thereon.  The Company’s independent Auditors have full and free access to the Audit 
Committee.  The Audit Committee reports its findings to the Board of Directors for 
consideration in approving the consolidated financial statements for issuance to the 
shareholders.  The Committee also makes recommendations to the Board with respect to the 
appointment and remuneration of the independent Auditors. 

The consolidated financial statements have been examined by the independent Auditors, 

KPMG LLP, whose report follows. 

“Duncan K. Davies” 

“John A. Horning” 

President and Chief Executive Officer 

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial 
Officer 

February 09, 2017 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT 

30 

To the Shareholders 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Interfor Corporation 
(the “Company”) which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at 
December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the consolidated statements of earnings (loss), 
comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 
2016 and December 31, 2015, and notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting 
policies and other explanatory information. 

Management's Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated 
financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for 
such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of 
consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

Auditors’ Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on 
our audits.  We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing 
standards.  Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and 
perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial 
statements are free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and 
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.  The procedures selected depend on our 
judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated 
financial statements, whether due to fraud or error.  In making those risk assessments, we 
consider internal control relevant to the Company’s preparation and fair presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
entity’s internal control.  An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting 
policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well 
as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate 
to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Opinion 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the 
consolidated financial position of Interfor Corporation as at December 31, 2016 and December 
31, 2015, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the 
years ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards. 

KPMG LLP, Chartered Accountants 

February 09, 2017 
Vancouver, Canada 

 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
(Expressed in thousands of Canadian Dollars) 
As at December 31, 2016 and 2015 

31 

Assets 
Current assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade accounts receivable and other 
Income tax receivable 
Inventories 
Prepayments and other 
Investments and other assets 
Assets held for sale 

Employee future benefits 
Investments and other assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Logging roads and bridges 
Timber licences 
Other intangible assets 
Goodwill 
Deferred income taxes 

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity 
Current liabilities: 

Trade accounts payable and provisions 
Reforestation liability 
Income taxes payable 

Reforestation liability 
Long term debt 
Employee future benefits 
Provisions and other liabilities 
Deferred income taxes 

Equity: 

Share capital 
Contributed surplus 
Translation reserve 
Hedge reserve 
Retained earnings 

Note 

December 31 
2016 

December 31 
2015 

10 

19 
6 

7 
5 

22(d) 
7 
4, 8 

9   
9 
9 
9 
19 

$ 

19,270 
95,059 
222 
154,535 
14,016 
2,911 
- 
286,013 
2,471 
2,341 
730,981 
  20,739 
69,273 
19,017 
156,502 
14,311 

$ 

16,456 
95,218 
459 
155,740 
15,512 
- 
27,836 
311,221 
1,570 
3,191 
777,590 
20,611 
72,429 
23,601 
160,914 
18,669 

$1,301,648  

$1,389,796  

11, 22(d) 
12 
19 

12 
10 
22(d) 
11 
19 

13 

$  138,029 
11,609 
317 
149,955 
25,931 
308,821 
8,136 
21,290 
848 

555,388 
7,999 
69,574 
11 
153,695 
786,667 

$  130,840 
11,052 
398 
142,290 
25,074 
468,759 
8,391 
20,028 
- 

553,559 
7,665 
77,425 
62 
86,543 
725,254 

$ 1,301,648 

$ 1,389,796 

Commitments and contingencies (note 20); Subsequent events (note 5, 20 (c)). 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors: 

“L. Sauder”, Director 

“D.W.G. Whitehead”, Director 

 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32 

Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) 
(Expressed in thousands of Canadian Dollars, except earnings per share) 
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

Sales  

Costs and expenses: 

Note 

2016 

2015 

$1,792,712 

$1,687,375 

Production 
Selling and administration 
Long term incentive compensation expense (recovery) 
Export taxes 
Depreciation of plant and equipment 
8, 14 
Depletion and amortization of timber, roads and other  9, 14 

4 
11 

Operating earnings (loss) before restructuring costs 
Restructuring costs 

Operating earnings (loss) 

Finance costs 
Other foreign exchange gain (loss) 
Other income 

Earnings (loss) before income taxes 

Income tax expense (recovery): 

Current 
Deferred 

18 

16 

17 

19 

1,550,912 
43,092 
4,551 
- 
76,092 
34,895 
1,709,542 

83,170 
(7,280) 

75,890 

(18,602) 
1,468 
14,094 
(3,040) 

1,554,975 
46,756 
(5,431) 
5,216 
71,492 
37,478 
1,710,486 

(23,111) 
(12,829) 

(35,940) 

(17,569) 
(1,651) 
757 
(18,463) 

72,850 

(54,403) 

853 
6,354 
7,207 

614 
(24,631) 
(24,017) 

Net earnings (loss) 

$   65,643  

$   (30,386) 

Net earnings (loss) per share, basic and diluted 

21 

$      0.94            $ 

(0.44) 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
(Expressed in thousands of Canadian Dollars) 
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

  Note 

2016 

2015 

Net earnings (loss) 

$  65,643 

$  (30,386) 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 
Items that will not be recycled to Net earnings (loss): 

Defined benefit plan actuarial gains (losses), net of tax  19, 22 

1,509 

(629) 

Items that are or may be recycled to Net earnings (loss): 

Foreign currency translation differences for  

foreign operations, net of tax 

Loss in fair value of interest rate swaps 

  16, 26 

Total items that are or may be recycled to Net earnings (loss) 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 

(7,851) 
(51) 

(7,902) 

(6,393) 

56,475 
(71) 

56,404 

55,775 

Comprehensive income 

$  59,250 

$  25,389 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
(Expressed in thousands of Canadian Dollars) 
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

Balance at December 31, 2014 

$  490,363  $ 

7,476  $  20,950 

$ 

133 

$ 117,558  $  636,480 

Note 

Common  Contributed 
Surplus 

Shares 

Translation 
Reserve 

Hedge 
Reserve 

Retained 
Earnings 

Total 
Equity 

34 

- 

- 

(30,386) 

(30,386) 

Net loss: 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Foreign currency translation differences for 

foreign operations, net of tax 

Defined benefit plan actuarial losses, net of tax 
Loss in fair value of interest rate swaps 

Contributions: 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

22 
26 

56,475 
- 
- 

Share issuance, net of share issue costs 
Stock options 

  4, 13(a) 
13(b) 

63,196 
- 

- 
189 

- 
- 

Balance at December 31, 2015 

Net earnings: 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Foreign currency translation differences for 

foreign operations, net of tax 

Defined benefit plan actuarial gains, net of tax 
Loss in fair value of interest rate swaps 

Contributions: 

553,559 

7,665 

77,425 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

(7,851) 
- 
- 

22 
26 

Deferred income tax on share issue costs 
Stock options 

 13(a), 19 
13(b) 

1,829 
- 

- 
334 

- 
- 

- 
- 
(71) 

- 
- 

62 

- 

- 
- 
(51) 

- 
- 

- 
(629) 
- 

56,475 
(629) 
(71) 

- 
- 

63,196 
189 

86,543 

725,254 

65,643 

65,643 

- 

(7,851) 
1,509             1,509 
(51) 

- 

- 
- 

1,829 
334 

Balance at December 31, 2016 

$  555,388   $ 

7,999  $  69,574 

$ 

11 

$153,695 

 $  786,667 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(Expressed in thousands of Canadian Dollars) 
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

Cash provided by (used in): 
Operating activities: 

Net earnings (loss) 
Items not involving cash: 

Note 

2016 

2015 

  $  65,643 

$  (30,386) 

Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Depletion and amortization of timber, roads and other 
Income tax expense (recovery) 
Finance costs 
Other assets 
Reforestation liability 
Other liabilities and provisions 
Stock options 
Reversal of write-down of plant and equipment 
Write-down of plant and equipment 
Unrealized foreign exchange losses (gains) 
Other income  

8 
9 
19 
16 

12 

13(b) 
18 
8, 18 

17 

Cash generated from (used in) operating working capital: 

Trade accounts receivable and other 
Inventories 
Prepayments and other 
Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Income taxes paid 

Investing activities: 

Additions to property, plant and equipment 
Additions to logging roads 
Additions to timber and other intangible assets 
Acquisitions 
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds on disposal of investments 
Investments and other assets 

8 
9 
9 
4 
5,17 
17 

Financing activities: 

Issuance of capital stock, net of share issue expenses  4, 13(a) 
Interest payments 
Debt refinancing costs 
Change in operating line components of long term debt 
Additions to long term debt 
Repayments of long term debt 

10 
10 
10 

76,092 
34,895 
7,207 
18,602 
(217) 
559 
789 
334 
- 
2,172 
596 
(14,095) 
192,577 

(2,666) 
(2,338) 
704 
11,702 
(707) 
199,272 

(50,393) 
(24,631) 
(1,682) 
- 
41,437 
10,342 
(11,324) 
(36,251) 

- 
(17,174) 
(1,112) 
(11,663) 
56,974 
(189,193) 
(162,168) 

71,492 
37,478 
(24,017) 
17,569 
639 
1,612 
(8,252) 
189 
(1,195) 
2,812 
(337) 
 (758) 
66,846 

8,748 
48,717 
3,017 
(24,986) 
(965) 
101,377 

(93,832) 
(26,133) 
(1,500) 
(223,263) 
12,509 
- 
(1,033) 
(333,252) 

63,196 
(16,186) 
(292) 
10,057 
362,582 
(189,691) 
229,666 

Foreign exchange gain on cash and cash equivalents held  

in a foreign currency 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 

1,961 
2,814 
16,456 
  $  19,270 

799 
(1,410) 
17,866 
$  16,456 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

36 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

1.  Nature of operations: 

Interfor Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “Interfor”) produce wood 
products in British Columbia, the U.S. Northwest and the U.S. South for sale to markets 
around the world. 

Interfor Corporation exists under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) with 
shares listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.  Its head office, principal address and records 
office are located at Suite 3500, 1055 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
Canada, V7X 1H7. 

These consolidated financial statements of the Company as at and for the years ended 
December 31, 2016 and 2015 comprise the accounts of Interfor Corporation and its 
subsidiaries. 

2.  Basis of Preparation: 

(a) Statement of compliance: 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) and were approved by the Board of 
Directors on February 09, 2017. 

(b) Basis of measurement: 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis 
except for the following material items in the Statements of Financial Position: 

(i)  Liabilities for cash-settled share-based payment arrangements are measured at fair 

value; and 

(ii)  Employee benefit plan assets and liabilities are recognized as the net of the fair 

value of the plan assets and the present value of the defined benefit obligations on a 
plan by plan basis. 

(c) Functional and presentation currency: 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian Dollars, which is the 
parent company’s functional currency.  Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have a 
functional currency of the U.S. Dollar and are translated to Canadian Dollars.  All 
financial information presented in Canadian Dollars has been rounded to the nearest 
thousand except number of shares and per share amounts. 

(d) Use of estimates and judgements: 

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS 
requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the 
application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, 
revenues and expenses.  Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis.  Revisions to 
accounting estimates are recognized, on a prospective basis, in the period in which the 
estimates are revised. 

 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

37 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

2.  Basis of Preparation (continued): 

(d) Use of estimates and judgements (continued): 

Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates relate to the 
determination of restructuring, reforestation, road deactivation, environmental and tax 
obligations, share-based compensation, recoverability of assets, rates for depreciation, 
depletion and amortization, fair values of assets and liabilities acquired in business 
combinations and impairment analysis of non-financial assets including goodwill.   

Information about the use of management estimates that have the most significant 
effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements is included in 
the following notes: 

Note 3(e) 

Inventories 

Note 3(f) 

Assets held for sale 

Note 3(j) 

Impairment of non-financial assets 

Note 3(k) 

Reforestation and other decommissioning provisions 

Note 3(n) 

Cash-settled share based compensation 

Note 3(o) 

Equity-settled share based compensation 

Note 4 

Note 9 

Acquisitions 

Roads and bridges, timber tenures, other intangible assets and goodwill 

Note 12 

Reforestation liability 

3.  Significant accounting policies: 

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods 
presented in these consolidated financial statements.   

(a) Basis of consolidation: 

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its 
wholly-owned subsidiaries from their respective dates of acquisition or incorporation.  
All intercompany balances, including unrealized income and expenses arising from 
intercompany transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.   

The Company measures goodwill in business acquisitions at the acquisition date as the 
fair value of the consideration transferred including any non-controlling interest less the 
fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, all measured as of 
the acquisition date.  When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is 
recognized immediately in Net earnings.  Transaction costs, other than those associated 
with the issuance of debt or equity securities, are expensed as incurred. 

(b) Foreign currency: 

(i)  Foreign currency transactions: 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency of the 
respective entity at transaction date exchange rates.  Monetary assets and liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are revalued using the exchange rate at the 
reporting date.   

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

38 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(b) Foreign currency (continued): 

(i)  Foreign currency transactions (continued): 

Foreign exchange differences arising on revaluation are recognized in Net earnings.  
Where revaluations relate to trade accounts receivables those foreign exchange 
differences are adjusted to Sales in the Statement of Earnings; where revaluations 
relate to trade accounts payables those foreign exchange differences are adjusted to 
Production costs in the Statement of Earnings. 

(ii)  Foreign operations: 

Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have a functional currency of the U.S. Dollar.  
Revenues and expenses of such foreign operations are translated to Canadian 
Dollars at the transaction date exchange rate, or at average rates for the period 
which approximate the transaction date, as appropriate.  Assets and liabilities are 
translated into Canadian Dollars at exchange rates in effect at the reporting date.  
Related foreign currency translation differences are recognized in Other 
comprehensive income, and recorded to the Translation reserve in Equity.   

Foreign currency translation differences residing in the Translation reserve will be 
released to Net earnings upon the reduction of the net investment in foreign 
operations through the sale, reduction or substantial liquidation of an investment 
position.   

Monetary receivables from a foreign operation, the settlement of which are neither 
planned nor likely in the foreseeable future are considered to form part of the net 
investment in the foreign operation.  Related foreign exchange translation 
differences are recognized in Other comprehensive income and presented in the 
Translation reserve in Equity.   

(iii) Hedge of net investment in a foreign operation: 

Financial liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are from time to time 
designated as a hedge of the Company’s net investments in foreign operations. 

Foreign currency differences arising on the revaluation of a financial liability 
designated as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation are recognized in 
Foreign currency translation differences in Other comprehensive income to the 
extent that the hedge is effective, and presented in the Translation reserve in 
Equity.  To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, such differences are recognized 
in Other foreign exchange gain (loss) in Net earnings.   

When the Company terminates the designation of the hedging relationship and 
discontinues its use of hedge accounting, any accumulated unrealized foreign 
exchange differences remaining in the Translation reserve and subsequent 
unrealized foreign exchange differences are recorded in Other foreign exchange gain 
(loss) in Net earnings.   When the hedged net investment is disposed of, the 
relevant amount in the Translation reserve is reclassified to Net earnings. 

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

39 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(c) Financial instruments: 

(i)  Non-derivative financial instruments: 

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise cash and cash equivalents, trade and 
other receivables, certain investments and advances, trade accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities, provisions, and loans and borrowings including long term debt.     

Cash and cash equivalents and trade and other receivables are designated as loans 
and receivables and are initially measured at fair value plus any direct transaction 
costs and thereafter at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method, less 
any impairment losses. 

Certain investments are classified as held for trading and are measured at fair 
value. 

Trade payables and accrued liabilities, provisions, and loans and borrowings 
including long term debt are designated as other financial liabilities and are initially 
measured at fair value and thereafter at amortized cost using the effective interest 
rate method. 

There are no financial instruments classified as held-to-maturity. 

(ii)  Derivative financial instruments: 

The Company at times uses derivative financial instruments for economic hedging 
purposes in the management of foreign exchange and interest rate risks.  The 
Company does not utilize derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative 
purposes.   

The Company has chosen not to designate derivative foreign currency exchange 
contracts as hedges for accounting purposes.  Consequently, these derivative 
financial instruments, designated as held-for-trading, are carried on the Statements 
of Financial Position at fair value, with changes in fair value being recorded in Other 
foreign exchange gain (loss) in Net earnings.   

The Company at times holds derivative interest rate swaps to hedge its interest rate 
risk exposures and may designate these financial instruments as the hedging 
instrument in a cash flow hedge of fluctuations in market interest rates associated 
with specific drawings under its long term debt.  The effective portion of changes in 
the fair value of the derivative are recognized in Other comprehensive income and 
presented in the Hedging reserve in Equity.  Any ineffective portion of changes in 
the fair value of the derivative is recognized immediately in Net earnings. 

(iii) Share capital: 

Shares are classified as equity.  Incremental costs directly attributable to the 
issuance of Shares and share options are recognized as a deduction from equity, net 
of any tax effects. 

(d) Cash and cash equivalents: 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit and short-term interest bearing 
securities with maturities at their purchase date of three months or less. 

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

40 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(e) Inventories: 

Lumber inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value on a specific 
product basis.  Cost is determined as the weighted average of cost of production on a 
three month rolling average, lagged by one month and adjusted for abnormal costs, as 
in the case of a curtailment.  Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the 
normal course of business, less estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. 

Log inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value on a specific 
boom basis where logs are boomed, or in aggregate on a species and sort basis where 
the logs are not boomed.   

Cost for internally produced log inventories is determined as the weighted average cost 
of logging on a twelve month rolling average, lagged by one month, for the B.C. Coast 
and on a three month rolling average for the B.C. Interior, and adjusted for abnormal 
costs, as in the case of a curtailment.  Log inventories purchased from external sources 
are valued at acquisition cost.   

Net realizable value of logs is based on either market replacement cost or, for logs 
designated for lumber processing, on estimated net realizable value less estimated 
costs of completion and selling expenses. 

Other inventories consist primarily of supplies which are recorded at lower of cost and 
replacement cost, which approximates net realizable value. 

(f)  Assets held for sale: 

Non-current assets, or disposal groups compromising assets and liabilities, are classified 
as held-for-sale if available for immediate sale and if it is highly probable that their 
carrying amount will be recovered primarily through sale rather than through continuing 
use.   

Such assets, or disposal groups, are measured at the lower of their carrying amount 
and fair value less costs to sell.  Any impairment loss on a disposal group is allocated 
first to goodwill, and then to the remaining assets and liabilities on a pro rata basis, 
except that losses are not allocated to inventories, financial assets, deferred tax assets 
or employee benefit assets, which continue to be measured in accordance with the 
Company’s other accounting policies.  Impairment losses on initial classification as held 
for sale and subsequent gains and losses on remeasurement are recognized in Net 
earnings.   

Once classified as held for sale, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are 
no longer amortized or depreciated.   

(g) Property, plant and equipment: 

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and 
impairment losses.  Depreciation on machinery and equipment is provided on the basis 
of hours operated relative to the asset’s lifetime estimated operating hours.  
Depreciation on all other assets is provided on a straight-line basis (ranging from 2.5% 
to 33% per year) over the estimated useful lives of the assets.   

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed annually and 
adjusted, if appropriate. 

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

41 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(g) Property, plant and equipment (continued): 

Maintenance costs are recorded as expenses as incurred, with the exception of 
programs that extend the useful life of an asset or increase its value, for which costs 
are capitalized.   

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of 
qualifying assets, being those requiring a substantial period of time prior to availability 
for their intended use, are capitalized. 

(h) Logging roads and bridges: 

Logging roads and bridges are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization and 
impairment losses.  Road and bridge amortization is computed on the basis of timber 
cut relative to available timber.   

Amortization methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed annually and 
adjusted, if appropriate. 

(i)  Intangible assets: 

(i)  Timber licences: 

Timber licences are recorded at cost less accumulated depletion and impairment 
losses.  Timber licence depletion is computed on the basis of timber cut relative to 
available timber.  Tree farm and forest licences are depleted on a straight-line basis 
over 40 years.  Amortization rates are reviewed annually to ensure they are aligned 
with estimates of remaining economic useful lives of the associated intangible 
assets. 

(ii)  Goodwill: 

Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.  See Note 3(a) for 
the policy on measurement of goodwill at initial recognition.   

(iii) Other intangible assets: 

Other intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization and 
impairment losses.  Amortization on other intangible assets is provided on a 
straight-line basis ranging from five to ten years, being the estimated useful lives of 
the assets.  Amortization rates are reviewed annually to ensure they are aligned 
with estimates of remaining economic useful lives of the associated intangible 
assets. 

(j)  Impairment of non-financial assets: 

The Company’s non-financial assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.  Impairment 
tests are carried out annually for goodwill or when an indicator of impairment is 
identified.   

External indicators of impairment include adverse changes in expected future prices, 
costs and other market and economic factors.  Internal indicators include changes in 
the expected useful life of an asset or changes to the planned capacity of an asset.   

An impairment loss is charged to Net earnings if an asset’s carrying amount exceeds its 
recoverable amount.  The recoverable amount is calculated based on the higher of its 
fair value less direct costs to sell and its value in use.   

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

42 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(j)  Impairment of non-financial assets (continued): 

Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale, net of 
direct selling costs, of the asset in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable 
and willing parties.  Value in use is determined as the present value of the estimated 
future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset in its present 
form and its eventual disposal and does not consider future capital enhancements. 

For purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which 
there are separately identifiable cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash 
inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash generating units or “CGU”).  
Goodwill is allocated to CGU’s or groups of CGU’s expected to benefit from it.    

Impairment losses recognized for a CGU are first allocated to reduce the carrying 
amount of goodwill, if any, assigned to the CGU, and then to reduce the carrying 
amounts of the other assets in the CGU on a pro-rata basis. 

Non-financial assets, other than goodwill, for which an impairment was previously 
recognized, are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date.  
When an impairment loss is reversed, the increased carrying amount of the asset 
cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of 
amortization, had the impairment never been recognized. 

An impairment loss recorded against goodwill is not reversed. 

(k) Reforestation and other decommissioning provisions: 

Forestry legislation in British Columbia requires the Company to incur the cost of 
reforestation on its forest, timber and tree farm licences and to deactivate logging roads 
once harvesting is complete and access is no longer required.  Accordingly, the 
Company records the fair value of the costs of reforestation and road deactivation in the 
period in which the timber is cut, with the fair value of the liability determined with 
reference to the present value of estimated future cash flows.   

Provisions are measured at the expected value of future cash flows, discounted to their 
present value and determined according to the probability of alternative estimates of 
cash flows occurring for each operation.  The measurement under IAS 37, Provisions, 
Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, is based on best estimates and can be 
based on internal or external costs, depending upon which is most likely.  Significant 
judgements and estimates are involved in forming expectations of future activities and 
the amount and timing of the associated cash flows.  Those expectations are formed 
based on existing regulatory requirements and the expertise of Registered Professional 
Foresters and Engineers employed or contracted by the Company.  Examples of 
considerations include the specifics of the areas logged and the treatments prescribed 
for those areas, as well as the timing and success rates of the planned activities in 
terms of reforestation; and road structure and terrain for road deactivation. 

Discount rates reflect the risks specific to the decommissioning provision.  Adjustments 
are made to decommissioning provisions each period for changes in the estimated 
timing or amount of cash flows, changes in the discount rate and the unwinding of the 
discount.  As such, the discount rate reflects the current risk-free rate given that risks 
are incorporated into the future cash flow estimates. 

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

43 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(k) Reforestation and other decommissioning provisions (continued): 

In periods subsequent to the initial measurement, changes in the liability resulting from 
the passage of time are recognized as Finance costs and revisions to fair value 
calculations are recognized as Production costs in Net earnings as they occur. 

(l)  Environmental costs: 

Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending upon their future 
economic benefit.  Expenditures to prevent future environmental contamination are 
capitalized as plant and equipment.  Expenditures that relate to an existing condition 
caused by past operations are expensed.  Liabilities are recorded when rehabilitation 
efforts are likely to be required and the costs can be reasonably estimated. 

Provisions are measured at the expected value of future cash flows, discounted to their 
present value and determined according to the probability of alternative estimates of 
cash flows using a current risk-free rate.  The unwinding of the discount is recognized 
as a Finance cost in Net earnings. 

(m) Employee benefits: 

Defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit obligation accruals are 
estimated using actuarial methods and assumptions, including management’s best 
estimates of the discount rate, salary escalation, and health care costs and are 
calculated using the projected unit credit method.   

Plan assets are valued at fair value. 

Actuarial gains and losses arise from actual experience being different from the 
assumptions, or changes in actuarial assumptions used to determine the defined benefit 
asset or obligation, are recognized in Other comprehensive income in the year in which 
they occur. 

Pension expenses for defined contribution plans are limited to the Company’s 
contribution to the plans in respect of services rendered by employees, as the Company 
has no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts.  Plans administered by 
the government and the industry-wide unionized employees’ pension plan are treated 
as defined contribution plans. 

(n) Cash-settled share based compensation: 

The Company has a Share Appreciation Rights (“SAR”) Plan, a Deferred Share Unit 
(“DSU”) Plan and a Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) Plan for directors, officers and 
certain other eligible employees.  The Company uses the fair value method of 
accounting for obligations under the SAR, DSU and TSR Plans.   

Compensation expense is recorded for SARs over the vesting period based on the 
estimated fair value of the SARs at the date of grant.  Fair value is measured using a 
Black-Scholes option pricing model and is adjusted to reflect the number of SARs 
expected to vest. 

Compensation expense is recorded for DSUs either at the time of the grant, in the case 
of DSUs which vest immediately, or over the performance period, in the case of DSUs 
with deferred vesting, based on the fair value at the date of the grant. 

 
 
 
 
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

44 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(n) Cash-settled share based compensation (continued): 

Compensation expense is recorded for TSRs over the performance period based on the 
estimated fair value of the TSRs at the date of the grant.  Fair value is measured using 
a combination of call options which are valued using a Black-Scholes pricing model. 

The fair value of the SARs, DSUs and TSRs are subsequently measured at each 
reporting date with any changes in fair value reflected in the Long term incentive 
compensation expense in Net earnings.  Liabilities are recorded in Trade accounts 
payable and provisions and Provisions and other liabilities on the Statements of 
Financial Position.      

(o) Equity-settled share based compensation: 

The Company has a Stock Option Plan for its key employees and directors.  The 
Company uses the fair value method of accounting for obligations under this Plan.   

The grant-date fair value of options is recognized as an incentive compensation 
expense, with a corresponding increase in contributed surplus, over the vesting period.  
The fair value of the options is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model 
which takes into account, as of the grant date, the exercise price, the expected life of 
the options, the current price of the underlying stock and its expected volatility, 
expected dividends on the shares, and the risk-free interest rate over the expected life 
of the option.  Cash consideration received from employees when they exercise the 
options is credited to share capital, as is the previously calculated fair value included in 
contributed surplus. 

(p) Sales revenue: 

The Company recognizes sales when the product is shipped and title passes.  Sales are 
recorded on a gross basis, including amounts charged to customers for freight, 
wharfage and handling costs.  Actual costs of export taxes,  freight, wharfage and 
handling are recorded to Export taxes and Production, respectively, in Net earnings.   

(q) Finance income and costs: 

Finance income comprises net interest income on funds invested. 

Finance costs comprise net interest expense on borrowings, the unwinding of the 
discount on decommissioning provisions, net interest on defined benefit plans, the 
amortization of prepaid finance costs and other related transaction costs. 

(r)  Income tax: 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred income taxes.  Current and 
deferred income taxes are recognized in Net earnings except to the extent that they 
relate to a business combination, or items recognized directly in Equity or in Other 
comprehensive income. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for 
the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and 
any adjustment to income tax payable in respect of previous years.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

45 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(r)  Income tax (continued): 

Deferred income tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for accounting purposes and the amounts used 
for taxation purposes.  Deferred income tax is not recognized for the following 
temporary differences: the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that 
is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or 
loss, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries and jointly controlled 
entities to the extent that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable 
future.  In addition, deferred income tax is not recognized for taxable temporary 
differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill. 

Deferred income tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to 
temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted by the reporting date.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities 
are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, 
and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable 
entity, or on different taxable entities, but the intention is to settle current tax liabilities 
and assets on a net basis or tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously. 

A deferred income tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and 
deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that future taxable 
profits will be available against which they can be utilized.  Deferred income tax assets 
are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer 
probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. 

(s) Earnings per share: 

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing Net earnings by the weighted average 
number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings 
per share is determined by adjusting Net earnings and the weighted average number of 
common shares outstanding during the reporting period for the effects of all dilutive 
potential common shares, including outstanding stock options, if any.   

(t)  New standards and interpretations not yet adopted: 

A number of new standards, and amendments to standards and interpretations, are not 
yet effective for the year ended December 31, 2016, and have not been applied in 
preparing these consolidated financial statements.  The following pronouncements are 
considered by the Company to be the most significant of several pronouncements that 
may affect the financial statements. 

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments, will replace the multiple classification and measurement 
models in IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, with a single 
model that has only two classification categories:  amortized cost and fair value.  IFRS 
9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with earlier 
adoption permitted.   

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, will replace all existing IFRS revenue 
requirements and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, 
with earlier adoption permitted.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

46 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

3.  Significant accounting policies (continued): 

(t)  New standards and interpretations not yet adopted (continued): 

The Company is still in the process of assessing IFRS 9 and IFRS 15, but does not 
currently believe either will have a significant impact on its financial statements. 

IFRS 16, Leases, eliminates the current dual accounting model for lessees, which 
distinguishes between on-balance sheet finance leases and off-balance sheet operating 
leases.  Under the new standard, operating leases become an on-balance sheet liability 
that attracts interest, together with a corresponding right-of-use asset.  In addition, 
lessees will recognize a front-loaded pattern of expense for most leases, even when 
cash rentals are constant.  IFRS 16 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 
January 1, 2019, with earlier adoption permitted.  The Company has not yet completed 
an assessment of the impact of this standard on its financial statements. 

4.  Acquisitions: 

In 2013, the Company acquired the Thomaston sawmill operations from Keadle Lumber 
Enterprises, Inc. (“Keadle”).  Upon acquisition, the Company agreed to pay additional 
consideration of US$7,000,000, contingent upon receipt of an upgrade to the air permit 
which allows the Company to operate a second shift. Approval was received on February 
28, 2014, and a payment of $8,743,000 was made on February 27, 2015. 

On March 1, 2015, Interfor concluded the acquisition of sawmill operations in Meldrim, 
Georgia; Georgetown, South Carolina; Longview, Washington; and Tacoma, Washington 
from Simpson Lumber Company, LLC (“Simpson”), pursuant to an Asset Purchase 
Agreement (“APA”) for total consideration of US$146,088,000 ($182,654,000).   

Consideration per the APA included a series of future payments tied to the financial 
performance of the Tacoma sawmill with a minimum payment of US$10,000,000. The 
Company recorded a discounted provision of US$9,464,000 ($11,833,000) in Provisions 
and other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as part of the 
acquisition and recorded accretion expense of US$476,000 in 2016 (2015 – US$238,000) 
in Finance costs in Net earnings.   

As at December 31, 2016, the provision of US$10,000,000 was revalued at the year-end 
exchange rate to $13,427,000 (2015 - US$9,643,000 revalued at the year end exchange 
rate to $13,345,000) and recorded in Trade accounts payable and provisions in the 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.   

On June 19, 2015, Interfor concluded the acquisition of sawmill operations in Monticello, 
Arkansas from The Price Lumber Company, Inc.  (“Monticello”), for total consideration of 
US$35,627,000 ($43,699,000).   

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

47 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

4.  Acquisitions (continued): 

These acquisitions have been accounted for as business combinations and the value of the 
consideration transferred was allocated as follows: 

Note 

  Simpson 

 Monticello 

Keadle 

Total 

Net assets acquired: 
Current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 

8 

Current liabilities assumed 

Consideration funded by: 

Cash 
Revolving Term Loan 
Current liabilities 
Cash consideration from 
   Common Share issuance 

10(a) 

13(a) 

Cash consideration 

Contingent future payments 
Provisions and other liabilities 

11 
11 

$  57,661  $ 
  129,227 
  186,888 
(4,234) 

2,900  $ 

40,846 
43,746 
(47) 

-  $  60,561 
  170,073 
- 
  230,634 
- 
(4,281) 
- 

$  182,654  $  43,699  $ 

-  $  226,353 

-  $ 

$ 
  107,625 
- 

63,196 
  170,821 
11,833 
- 

-  $ 

43,675 
24 

- 
43,699 
- 
- 

8,743  $ 
- 
- 

8,743 
  151,300 
24 

- 
8,743 
- 
(8,743) 

63,196 
  223,263 
11,833 
(8,743) 

$  182,654  $  43,699  $ 

-  $  226,353 

Transaction costs of $2,105,000 related to the acquisitions were included in Selling and 
administration expenses in Net earnings in 2015. 

For the period of March 1 to December 31, 2015, Simpson and Monticello contributed sales 
of $183,502,000 and a net loss of $31,564,000 to the Company’s results, including a 
$13,238,000 net loss at the Tacoma sawmill. If the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 
2015, management estimates that Sales and Net loss for 2015 would have been 
$1,745,323,000 and $37,753,000, respectively.  In determining these amounts, 
management has assumed that the fair value adjustments that arose on the acquisition 
dates would have been the same if the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2015. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

48 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

5.  Assets held for sale: 

Opening balance 
Additions 
Impairment 
Disposals 
Exchange rate movements 

2016 

2015   

$ 

$ 

27,836 
- 
(1,018) 
(25,947) 
(871) 

-   
26,239   
- 
- 
1,597 

Ending Balance 

$ 

- 

$ 

27,836   

On July 30, 2015, the Company announced a plan to exit its sawmilling operation located in 
Tacoma, Washington and classified US$20,113,000 of the Tacoma sawmill property and 
buildings as assets held for sale (note 8).   

On December 22, 2015, the Company entered into a purchase and sales agreement to sell 
the remaining real estate assets, subject to customary closing conditions.  The sale of the 
Tacoma property was completed on November 30, 2016 for net proceeds of $40,830,000 
(note 17) and on January 13, 2017, the minimum contingent amount of US$10,000,000 
(note 4) was paid to Simpson, with no further amounts due.  US$900,000 was paid into 
escrow to be used for environmental remediation, if required.  Any unused funds as at 
November 30, 2021, if any, will be returned to the Company and recognized as additional 
proceeds at that time.   

6.  Inventories: 

Logs 
Lumber 
Other 

2016 

2015   

$ 

80,726 
58,739 
15,070 

$ 

69,980   
69,046   
16,714   

$ 

154,535 

$ 

155,740   

Inventory expensed in the period includes production costs, depreciation of plant and 
equipment, and depletion and amortization of timber, roads and other.  The inventory 
write-down to record inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value at December 
31, 2016, was $7,922,000 (2015 - $11,961,000). 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

49 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

7.  Other investments and assets: 

Investments designated as fair value through profit and loss 
Deferred financing fees, net of accumulated amortization  
Timber deposits and other 

Current 
Long term 

2016 

2,911 
2,078 
263 

5,252 

2,911 
2,341 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2015   

1,528 
1,663   
- 

3,191   

-   
3,191   

$ 

5,252 

$ 

3,191   

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

8.  Property, plant and equipment: 

Cost 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Additions 
Acquisitions 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Reclassification to assets held for sale 
Exchange rate movements 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Additions 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Exchange rate movements 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Accumulated Depreciation 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Depreciation 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Impairment 
Reversal of impairment 
Reclassification to assets held for sale 
Exchange rate movements 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Depreciation 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Impairment 
Exchange rate movements 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Net book value at 

December 31, 2015 
December 31, 2016 

Note 

Land 

Buildings 

Machinery and 
Equipment 

Mobile 
Equipment 

Computer 
Equipment Improvements 

Site 

$ 

5 

$ 

5 

95,872  $  644,288  $ 

41,401  $ 
1,772 
30,485 
(643) 
334 
(25,066) 
3,667 
51,950   

424 
16,199 
(5,873) 
15,194 
(1,044) 
10,359 
131,131   

- 
(64) 
- 
(578) 

- 
(150) 
4,771 
(2,102) 
51,308  $  133,650  $  861,543  $ 

6 
99,549 
(30,868) 
65,936 
- 
81,701 
860,612   
(2) 
(2,396) 
19,368 
(16,039) 

27,891  $ 
16 
1,844 
(1,936) 
2,157 
(1) 
2,034 
32,005   

- 
(740) 
351 
(414) 
31,202  $ 
Mobile 
Equipment 

28,324  $ 
2,124 
6,152 
(4,317) 
5,471 
- 
3,807 
41,561   
133 
(860) 
3,505 
(626) 
43,713  $ 

56,470  $ 
320 
2,723 
(1,803) 
6,974 
(23) 
5,071 
69,732   

- 
- 
1,706 
(1,000) 
70,438  $ 
Site 

Buildings 

Machinery and 
Equipment 

Computer 
Equipment Improvements 

  $ 

39,754  $  268,445  $ 

5,926 
(4,991) 
138 
37 
- 
(23) 
2,848 
43,689 
6,796 
(86) 
- 
- 
(463) 

50,076 
(25,048) 
(592) 
2,775 
(1,195) 
- 
23,691 
318,152 
53,527 
(1,564) 
(27) 
1,154 
(4,389) 

  $ 

49,936  $  366,853  $ 

15,004  $ 
3,793 
(1,487) 
(3) 
- 
- 
(1) 
805 
18,111 
3,276 
(596) 
- 
- 
(162) 
20,629  $ 

20,161  $ 
5,351 
(4,294) 
349 
- 
- 
- 
2,072 
23,639 
6,072 
(677) 
27 
- 
(344) 
28,717  $ 

27,225  $ 
4,748 
(1,816) 
1,694 
- 
- 
- 
1,796 
33,647 
5,003 
- 
- 
- 
(329) 
38,321  $ 

50 

Projects in 
Process 

Total 

12,415  $  917,235 
96,110 
86,671 
170,073 
12,935 
(46,397) 
- 
(1,154) 
(95,992) 
(26,269) 
- 
109,737 
2,357 
18,386    1,219,335 
49,296 
49,142 
(4,614) 
(100) 
(1,637) 
(31,361) 
(21,334) 
(436) 
35,631  $  1,241,046 

Total 

  $  375,857 
71,492 
(38,593) 
- 
2,812 
(1,195) 
(30) 
31,402 
441,745 
76,092 
(3,207) 
- 
1,154 
(5,719) 
  $  510,065 

Other 

10,574  $ 
4,777 
186 
(957) 
(1,228) 
(135) 
741 
13,958   

23 
(304) 
23 
(139) 
13,561  $ 

Other 

5,268   
1,598 
(957) 
(1,586) 
- 
- 
(6) 
190 
4,507 
1,418 
(284) 
- 
- 
(32) 
5,609   

There were no borrowing costs capitalized in 2016 (2015 - $477,000).  Additions in 2016 include $2,912,000 of accrued contract costs (2015 - $4,009,000; 2014 - 
$1,731,000). 

$ 

51,950  $ 
51,308   

87,442  $  542,460  $ 
83,714   

494,690   

13,894  $ 
10,573   

17,922  $ 
14,996   

36,085  $ 
32,117   

9,451  $ 
7,952   

18,386  $  777,590 
730,981 
35,631   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

51 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

9.  Roads and bridges, timber tenures, other intangible assets and goodwill: 

Cost 

Note 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Additions 
Transfers 
Disposals 
Exchange rate movements 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Additions 
Transfers 
Disposals 
Exchange rate movements 

Roads and 
Bridges 

Timber 
Licences 

Other 
Intangibles 

$ 

69,400  $ 
26,133 
- 
(832) 
341 
95,042 
24,631 
- 
(824) 
(69) 

129,353  $ 
589 
- 
(11,508) 
- 
118,434 
195 
- 
- 
- 

33,419  $ 
911 
1,154 
(137) 
4,922 
40,269 
1,487 
1,637 
(18) 
(916) 

Goodwill 

137,873 
- 
- 
- 
23,918 
161,791 
- 
- 
- 
(4,412) 

Balance at December 31, 2016 

$ 

118,780  $ 

118,629  $ 

42,459  $ 

157,379 

Accumulated amortization 

Roads and 
Bridges 

Timber 
Licences 

Other 
Intangibles 

Goodwill 

$ 

Balance at December 31, 2014 
Amortization 
Disposals 
Exchange rate movements 
Balance at December 31, 2015 
Amortization 
Disposals 
Exchange rate movements 

47,156  $ 
27,285 
(178) 
168 
74,431 
24,478 
(824) 
(44) 

50,329  $ 

3,891 
(8,215) 
- 
46,005 
3,351 
- 
- 

9,022  $ 
6,302 
(137) 
1,481 
16,668 
7,066 
(6) 
(286) 

877 
- 
- 
- 
877 
- 
- 
- 

Balance at December 31, 2016 

$ 

98,041  $ 

49,356  $ 

23,442  $ 

877 

Net book value at 

December 31, 2015 
December 31, 2016 

$ 

20,611  $ 
20,739 

72,429  $ 
69,273 

23,601  $ 
19,017 

160,914 
156,502 

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill components of $13,078,000 and 
$143,424,000 are attributable to the Coastal Whitewood cash-generating unit (“CWW 
CGU”) and the U.S. Southeast cash-generating units (“SE CGU’s”), respectively.   

The recoverable amounts for the goodwill impairment assessments were based on the 
CGU’s (or groups of CGU’s) value in use and were determined by discounting the future 
cash flows generated from the continuing use of the units for a period of twenty years.  The 
cash flows were projected based on past experience, actual operating results and the five 
year business plan in the assessment for both 2015 and 2016.  Due to the cyclical nature 
of the forest industry, cash flows for a further 15 years were extrapolated based on an 
average trend year.   

The recoverable amount of both the CWW CGU and the SE CGU as at December 31, 2016, 
and December 31, 2015 were determined to be higher than the related carrying amount 
and no impairment has been recognized.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

52 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

9.  Roads and bridges, timber tenures, other intangible assets and goodwill 

(continued): 

Key assumptions used are based on industry sources, including Forest Economic Advisors, 
LLC, as well as management estimates.  These assumptions include lumber and residual 
chip sales prices, applicable foreign exchange rates, operating rates of the assets, raw 
material and conversion costs, the level of sales to the U.S. from Canada, the export tax 
rate and the future capital required to maintain the assets in their current operating 
condition.   

A post-tax discount rate of 10.5 percent (2015 – 10.5 percent) was applied in determining 
the recoverable amount of each CGU assessed.  The discount rate was estimated with the 
assistance of external experts, past experience, and the industry average weighted average 
cost of capital.  An inflation rate of 1.3 percent (2015 – 1.0 percent) is applied to the 
projected cash flows for years four through twenty. 

The values assigned to key assumptions represent management’s assessment of future 
trends in the forest industry and are based on both external sources and internal historical 
data. 

10. Cash and borrowings: 

2016 

Available line of credit 
Maximum borrowing available 
Drawings 
Outstanding letters of credit  
included in line utilization 

2015 

Available line of credit 
Maximum borrowing available 
Drawings 
Outstanding letters of credit  
included in line utilization 

Operating 
Line 

  Revolving 
Term 
Line 

Senior 

U.S. 
Secured  Operating 
Line 

Notes 

Total 

$  65,000  $ 200,000  $ 268,540  $  67,135  $ 600,675 
65,627    599,167 
-    308,821 

65,000    200,000    268,540   
40,281    268,540   

-   

Unused portion of line 

$  54,974  $  159,719   $  

10,026   

-   

3,296   

-   
13,322 
-  $  62,331  $ 277,024 

$  65,000  $ 200,000  $ 276,800  $  69,200  $ 611,000 
69,200    592,543 
12,039    468,759 

62,820    183,723    276,800   
-    179,920    276,800   

Unused portion of line 

$  53,424  $ 

3,803   $  

9,396   

-   

2,290   

-   
11,686 
-  $  54,871  $ 112,098 

Minimum principal amounts due on long term debt are follows: 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
Thereafter 

$         

 - 
- 
40,281 
- 
44,756 
223,784 

$  308,821 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

53 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

10. Cash and borrowings (continued): 

(a) Operating Line and Revolving Term Line: 

The Canadian Operating Line of credit and Revolving Term Line (“the Lines”) may be 
drawn in either CAD$ or US$ advances, and bear interest at bank prime plus a margin 
or, at the Company’s option, at rates for Bankers’ Acceptances or LIBOR based loans 
plus a margin, and in all cases dependent upon a financial ratio of total debt divided by 
trailing twelve months’ trailing EBITDA1.  The amount available under the Operating 
Line is subject to a borrowing base calculation dependent on certain accounts receivable 
and inventories.   

The Lines are secured by a general security agreement which includes a security 
interest in all accounts receivable and inventories, charges against timber tenures and 
mortgage security on certain sawmills.  The Lines are subject to certain financial 
covenants including a minimum working capital requirement, a maximum ratio of total 
debt to total capitalization and a minimum net worth calculation.   

As at December 31, 2015, maximum borrowings available under the Company’s Lines 
were restricted by a financial covenant in the underlying credit agreement.  In the table 
above, this limitation has been applied to the Lines’ limits.  This restriction was 
removed based on changes to the agreement terms effective on February 9, 2016. 

On February 9, 2016, the Company extended the maturity of the Lines from February 
27, 2017 to May 19, 2019 and on September 22, 2016, further amended certain other 
terms.  

As at December 31, 2016, the  Lines were drawn by US$30,000,000 (2015 -
US$130,000,000) revalued at the year end exchange rate to $40,281,000 (2015 - 
$179,920,000, and by $10,026,000 (2015 - $9,396,000) representing outstanding 
letters of credit.   

All outstanding U.S. Dollar drawings under the Lines have been designated as a hedge 
against the Company’s investment in its U.S. operations and foreign exchange gains of 
$7,420,000 for the year ended December 31, 2016 (2015 - $30,649,000 losses) arising 
on revaluation of the Lines were recognized in Foreign currency translation differences 
in Other comprehensive income.   

As at December 31, 2016, $214,693,000 (2015 - $57,227,000) of available credit on 
the Lines was unused.  

(b) Senior Secured Notes: 

The Company’s Senior Secured Notes consist of Series A and Series B Senior Secured 
Notes (each $US50,000,000 and bearing interest at 4.33% and 4.02%, respectively) 
and Series C Senior Secured Notes (US$100,000,000, bearing interest at 4.17%).  As 
at December 31, 2016, US$200,000,000 of Senior Secured Notes were outstanding 
(2015 – US$200,000,000) and revalued at the quarter-end exchange rate to 
$268,540,000 (2015 - $276,800,000).   

1  EBITDA represents earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization and 

non-cash asset revaluations as defined under the agreement. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

54 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

10. Cash and borrowings (continued): 

(b) Senior Secured Notes (continued): 

The Senior Secured Notes are subject to certain financial covenants including a 
minimum working capital requirement, a maximum ratio of total debt to total 
capitalization and a minimum net worth calculation.  Total payments of US$33,333,000 
(US$16,667,000 for each of the Series A and Series B Senior Secured Notes) are 
required on each of June 26, 2021 and 2022, with the balance due on June 26, 2023 
for the Series A and B Senior Secured Notes.  Payments of US$33,333,000 are required 
on each of March 26, 2024 and 2025, with the balance due on March 26, 2026 for the 
Series C Senior Secured Notes.  In conjuction with the modifications to the Operating 
Line and Revolving Term Line effective February 9, 2016, as per note 10(a), certain 
terms and conditions of the Senior Secured Notes were also modified.  All other terms 
and conditions remained unchanged. 

The Senior Secured Notes have been designated as a hedge against the Company’s 
investment in its U.S. operations and unrealized foreign exchange gains of $8,260,000 
(2015 - $32,760,000 losses) arising on their revaluation were recognized in Foreign 
currency translation differences in Other comprehensive income for the year ended 
December 31, 2016. 

(c) U.S. Operating Line: 

The U.S. Operating Line bears  interest at rates for LIBOR based loans plus a margin 
and is secured by accounts receivable and inventories of wholly-owned subsidiary, 
Interfor U.S. Inc.  The U.S. Operating Line is subject to a minimum net worth covenant, 
with borrowing levels subject to a collateral calculation dependent upon certain 
accounts receivable and inventories.  On June 15, 2016, the Company extended the 
maturity of its U.S. Operating Line from May 1, 2017 to May 1, 2018 with no other 
significant changes. 

As at December 31, 2016, the U.S. Operating Line was drawn by US$2,455,000 
including outstanding letters of credit, revalued at the year-end exchange rate to 
$3,296,000 (2015 – US$10,354,000 revalued at the year-end exchange rate to 
$14,330,000).   

As at December 31, 2016, $62,331,000 (US$46,422,000) of the available U.S. 
Operating Line was unused (2015 - $54,871,000, US$39,647,000). 

(d) Cash and cash equivalents: 

At December 31, 2016, $515,000 of the Company’s cash balances are restricted (2015 
- $1,299,000). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

55 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

11. Provisions and other liabilities: 

2016 

Note 

Current 

Non-current 

11(a), 18 
Restructuring 
11(a) 
Road deactivation 
Environmental 
11(a) 
Cash-settled share based compensation   
11(b) 
11(c) 
11(d) 
Storm damage remediation funds  11(e) 
Contingent future payment  
4, 5 
Retained compensation liabilities 
11(f) 
Lease incentives and other 

SAR Plan 
TSR Plan 
DSU Plan 

$ 
987 
            221 
56 

$ 

5,904 
1,188 
1,515 
220 
13,427 
- 
1,075 

1,618 
4,158 
753 

385 
1,625 
9,468 
236 
- 
1,076 
1,971 

$  

Total 

 2,605 
4,379 
809 

6,289 
2,813 
10,983 
456 
13,427 
1,076 
3,046 

$  24,593 

$  21,290 

$  45,883 

2015 

Note 

Current 

Non-current 

11(a), 18 
Restructuring 
11(a) 
Road deactivation 
Environmental 
11(a) 
Cash-settled share based compensation   
11(b) 
11(c) 
11(d) 
Storm damage remediation funds  11(e) 
4, 5 
Contingent future payment  
Retained compensation liabilities 
11(f) 
Lease incentives and other 

SAR Plan 
TSR Plan 
DSU Plan 

$ 
494 
            392 
56 

$ 

6,089 
4,189 
- 
224 
13,345 
2,665 
179 

1,681 
3,776 
770 

879 
1,525 
8,651 
291 
- 
40 
2,415 

$  

Total 

 2,175 
4,168 
826 

6,968 
5,714 
8,651 
515 
13,345 
2,705 
2,594 

$  27,633 

$  20,028 

$  47,661 

The current portion of provisions and other liabilities is included in Trade accounts payable 
and provisions in the Statements of Financial Position. 

(a) Provisions: 

Forestry legislation in British Columbia requires the Company to deactivate logging 
roads once harvesting is complete and access is no longer required.  Accordingly, the 
Company records the fair value of the costs of road deactivation in the period in which 
the timber is harvested, with the fair value of the liability determined with reference to 
the present value of estimated future cash flows.   

Environmental provisions are made when rehabilitation efforts are likely required and 
the costs can be reasonably estimated.     

Provisions are measured at the expected value of future cash flows, discounted to their 
present value and determined according to the probability of alternative estimates of 
cash flows using a current risk-free discount rate.  The unwinding of the discount is 
recognized as a Finance cost in Net earnings. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

56 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

11. Provisions and other liabilities (continued): 

(a) Provisions (continued): 

Provisions are measured at the expected value of future cash flows, discounted to their 
present value and determined according to the probability of alternative estimates of 
cash flows using a current pre-tax discount rate that reflects the risks specific to the 
liability.  The unwinding of the discount is recognized as a Finance cost in Net earnings. 

Balance at December 31, 2014 

$ 

2,125 

$ 

4,051 

$ 

828 

Note 

Restructuring  Road deactivation 

Environmental 

Provisions made during year 
Expenditures made during year 
Unwind of discount 
Changes in estimated future expenditures 
Exchange rate movements 

18 

Balance at December 31, 2015 

Provisions made during year 
Expenditures made during year 
Unwind of discount 
Changes in estimated future expenditures 
Exchange rate movements 

18 

4,131 
(4,556) 
- 
- 
475 

2,175 

1,370 
(895) 
- 
- 
(45) 

346 
(218) 
58 
(69) 
- 

4,168 

446 
(143) 
46 
(138) 
- 

- 
- 
10 
(12) 
- 

826 

- 
- 
8 
(25) 
- 

Balance at December 31, 2016 

$ 

2,605 

$ 

4,379 

$ 

809 

(b) Share Appreciation Rights Plan: 

Awards under the SAR Plan have been granted to directors, officers and certain 
employees of the Company.  The vesting of SARs occurs at a rate of 40% two years 
after granting and 20% per annum thereafter.  SARs expire ten years after the date of 
grant.  The SAR Plan uses notional units that are valued based on the Company’s 
Common Share price on the Toronto Stock Exchange.  The units are exercisable for 
cash and recorded as liabilities.  Under the SAR Plan, awards will be expensed over the 
vesting periods based on the estimated fair value of the SARs at the date of grant.  Fair 
value is measured using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and is adjusted to reflect 
the number of SARs expected to vest.  Fair value of the SARs is subsequently measured 
at each reporting date with any change in fair value resulting in a change in the 
measure of the compensation for the award, which is amortized over the remaining 
vesting periods.     

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

57 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

11. Provisions and other liabilities (continued): 

(b) Share Appreciation Rights Plan (continued): 

Details of the Company’s SAR Plan for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 
are as follows: 

2016 
  Weighted 
average 
strike price 

Units 

Outstanding, beginning of year   929,808 
6,053 
Granted 
(173,800) 
Exercised 
(23,862) 
Expired or cancelled 

$  7.52 
  15.01 
  4.96 
  12.63 

2015 
  Weighted 
average 
strike price 

$  7.35 
- 
5.77 
9.52 

Units 

1,113,953 
- 
(149,100) 
(35,045) 

Outstanding, end of year 

738,199 

$  8.02 

  929,808 

$  7.52 

Units exercisable, end of year 

533,389 

$  6.73 

509,250 

$  5.03 

Weighted average fair value assumptions for grants made in 2016 and 2015 are as 
follows: 

Risk-free interest rate 
Expected life 
Annualized volatility 
Dividend rate 
Termination rate 
Grant date fair value 

2016 

0.87% 
6.7 years 
41% 
0% 
6% 
$15.01 

2015 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Details of units outstanding under the SAR Plan at December 31, 2016 are as follows:  

Number 
outstanding, 
December 31, 
2016 

Strike 
price 

212,250 
$1.38-$4.64 
109,000 
$4.77-$5.40 
$6.01-$8.02 
104,300 
$9.18-$17.43  312,649 

Units outstanding 

Weighted 

average  Weighted 
average 
strike price 

remaining 
unit life (yrs) 

4.1 
2.6 
3.6 
6.4 

$  3.64 
  4.92 
6.18 
12.69 

Units exercisable 

Number 
exercisable, 
December 31, 
2016 

168,950 
108,000 
104,300 
152,139 

Weighted 
average 
strike price 

$  3.39 
  4.91 
6.18 
12.12 

738,199 

$  8.02 

533,389 

$  6.73 

For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded a Long term incentive 
compensation expense in respect of the SAR Plan of $1,010,000 (2015 – recovery of 
$4,730,000).   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

58 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

11. Provisions and other liabilities (continued): 

(c) Total Shareholder Return Plan: 

Under terms of the TSR Plan, a participant will receive a target number of performance 
share units (“PSUs”) based on a target award divided by the value of the Company’s 
Common Shares at the effective date of the grant.  The number of PSUs which will 
ultimately vest will be in a range from 50% to 150% of the original grant based on total 
shareholder return over a three year performance period. 

The number of PSU’s outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: 

Outstanding, beginning of year 
Granted 
Matured 
Cancelled 

2016 

518,199 
237,497 
(209,647) 
- 

2015 

709,214 
144,975 
(335,990) 
- 

Outstanding, end of year 

546,049 

518,199 

Compensation expense is recorded for the TSR Plan over the performance period based 
on the estimated fair value of the TSR Plan payable at the date of the grant.  The fair 
value of obligations under the TSR Plan is subsequently measured at each reporting 
date with any changes in fair value reflected in Long term incentive compensation 
expense in Net earnings.   

Fair value of the TSR Plan is measured using a combination of call options which are 
valued using a Black-Scholes pricing model with weighted average assumptions for 
grants as follows: 

Risk-free interest rate 
Expected life 
Annualized volatility 
Dividend rate 
Termination rate 
Grant date fair value 

2016 

2015 

0.8% 
3 years 
46% to 56% 
0.00% 
0.00% 
$1,532 

0.9% 
3 years 
47% to 56% 
0.00% 
0.00% 
$2,340 

For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded Long term incentive 
compensation expense under the TSR Plan of $1,289,000 (2015 – $655,000).    

(d) Deferred Share Unit Plan: 

The Company’s directors and certain officers participate in the DSU Plan.  The DSU 
Plan, which allows for immediate or deferred vesting, is intended to provide a better 
link between share performance and compensation for the participants, in that DSUs 
either increase or decrease in value in a direct relationship with the market price of the 
Company’s Common Shares.   

DSUs may be granted directly to directors or officers of the Company at the discretion 
of the Board of Directors, who are required to take DSU’s as payment of at least 60% of 
their annual retainer.   

For performance periods ending prior to 2016, participants in the TSR Plan had the 
option to elect, subject to the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors, to receive 
their award in DSUs at the end of the performance period.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

59 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

11. Provisions and other liabilities (continued): 

(d) Deferred Share Unit Plan (continued): 

The number of DSUs outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: 

2016 

2015 

Outstanding, beginning of year    622,951 
116,124 
Granted¹ 
(14,157) 
Exercised 

Units 

Average 
unit value 

$14.06 
  13.62 
  11.67 

Units 

551,249 
157,973 
(86,271) 

Average 
unit value 

$21.27 
  18.73 
  21.91 

Outstanding, end of year 

724,918 

$15.15 

  622,951 

$14.06 

¹Fair value at the date of the grants. 

Changes to the market value of the Company’s Common Shares subsequent to issuance 
of awards results in adjustments to the compensation accrual and Long term incentive 
compensation expense in Net earnings.  For the year ended December 31, 2016, the 
Company recorded an expense of $1,775,000 (2015 – recovery of $2,835,000) in 
respect of the DSU Plan, of which a $916,000 expense (2015 – recovery of $3,795,000) 
was recorded in Long term compensation and a $860,000 expense (2015 - $960,000), 
related to payment for director’s fees, was recorded in Selling and administration.   

(e) Storm damage remediation funds: 

In 2011, the Company settled with its insurers for recovery of certain losses relating to 
storm damage suffered in 2010.  An amount of $1,576,000 was set up as a provision 
for future remediation on roads and bridges.  Under the terms of the insurance 
settlement, the insurance proceeds must be used for remediation.  As at December 31, 
2016, $456,000 (2015 - $515,000) of this provision remains unspent.   

(f)  Retained compensation liabilities: 

Upon acquisition of the Tolleson sawmills on March 17, 2014, the Company assumed 
incentive payments payable to certain senior management over a four year period. The 
incentive is earned and recognized as a liability over the incentive period.  For the year 
ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded a long term incentive compensation 
expense of $1,029,000 (2015 - $2,240,000) in respect of the retained compensation 
liabilities.  The liability of US$801,000 (2015 – US$1,954,000) was revalued at the 
year-end exchange rate to $1,076,000 (2015 - $2,705,000).   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

60 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

12. Reforestation liability: 

The Company has an obligation to reforest areas harvested under various timber rights.  
The obligation is incurred as logging occurs and the fair value of the liability for 
reforestation is determined with reference to the present value of estimated future cash 
flows required to settle the obligation.   

Changes in the reforestation liability for the years ended December 31 are as follows: 

Reforestation liability, beginning of year 
Reforestation expense on current logging and  

market logging agreements 

Reforestation expenditures 
Unwind of discount 
Changes in estimated future reforestation expenditures 

Consisting of: 

Current reforestation liability 
Long term reforestation liability 

2016 

2015 

$  36,126 

$  32,896 

12,605 
(10,924) 
302 
(569) 

12,888 
(9,691) 
360 
(327) 

$  37,540 

$  36,126 

$  11,609 
25,931 

$  11,052 
25,074 

$  37,540 

$  36,126 

The total undiscounted amount of the estimated future expenditures required to settle the 
reforestation obligation, adjusted for inflation, at December 31, 2016 is $39,419,000 (2015 
- $37,848,000).  The reforestation expenditures are expected to occur over the next one to 
fifteen years and have been discounted at a long term risk-free interest rate of 2% (2015 – 
2%).  Reforestation expense resulting from obligations arising from current logging and 
changes in estimated future expenditures are included in Production costs for the year and 
expense related to the unwinding of the discount is included in Finance costs.   

13. Share capital: 

(a) Share transactions: 

Authorized capital at December 31, 2016 consists of: 

  150,000,000 Common Shares (“Shares”) without par value; and 

  5,000,000 Preference Shares without par value. 

Share transactions during 2016 and 2015 were as follows: 

Issued and Fully Paid 
Balance, December 31, 2014 
Share issuance, net of share issue costs 
Balance, December 31, 2015 
Deferred income tax on share issue costs 
Balance, December 31, 2016 

Note 

4 

19 

Number 
66,730,455 
3,300,000 
70,030,455 
- 
70,030,455 

  Amount 
  490,363 
63,196 
  553,559 
1,829 
$  555,388 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

61 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

13. Share capital (continued): 

(a) Share transactions (continued): 

On January 27, 2015, the Company closed a bought deal public offering of subscription 
receipts (the “Subscription Receipts”) through a syndicate of underwriters.  The 
Company issued an aggregate of 3,300,000 Subscription Receipts (including 300,000 
Subscription Receipts issued pursuant to the exercise of the over-allotment option) at a 
price of $20.10 per Subscription Receipt, for cash proceeds, net of share issue costs, of 
$63,196,000.  In connection with the completion of the Simpson acquisition (note 4), 
each Subscription Receipt was exchanged, for no additional consideration, for one 
Common Share of the Company.  The shares were issued on March 2, 2015. 

At December 31, 2016, 1,631,740 Shares are reserved for possible future issuance 
pursuant to the stock option plan. 

(b) Equity-settled share based compensation: 

The Company has a stock option plan for its key employees and directors under which 
options may be granted to purchase up to 1,631,740 Shares, of which 1,450,215 
remain available for issuance.  The vesting of the options occurs at a rate of 40% two 
years after granting and 20% per annum thereafter.  Options expire ten years after the 
date of the grant.  The exercise price of a stock option is at a price not less than the 
closing price of a Common Share on the trading day immediately preceding the grant 
date. 

Details of the Company’s stock option plan for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 
2015 are as follows: 

2016 

2015 

  Weighted  
average 
exercise price 

Options 

Outstanding, beginning of year    64,175 
130,879 
Granted 
- 
Exercised 
(13,529) 
Expired or cancelled 

$ 

21.77 
  10.61 
- 
  16.76 

  Weighted 
average 
exercise price 

$ 

- 
  21.85 
- 
  22.22 

Options 

- 
78,926 
- 
(14,751) 

Outstanding, end of year 

181,525 

$ 

14.10 

  64,175 

$ 

21.77 

Options exercisable, end of year 

- 

$ 

- 

  - 

$ 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

62 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

13. Share capital (continued): 

(b) Equity-settled share based compensation (continued): 

Weighted average fair value assumptions for grants made in 2016 and 2015 are as 
follows: 

Risk-free interest rate 
Expected life 
Annualized volatility 
Dividend rate 
Termination rate 
Grant date fair value 

2016 

0.8% 
6.7 years 
43% 
0% 
6% 
$4.63 

2015 

1.3% 
8.2 years 
45% 
0% 
12% 
$10.48 

Details of options outstanding under the option plan at December 31, 2016 are as 
follows:  

Number 
outstanding, 
December 31, 

Units outstanding 
Weighted 
average 
remaining 

Weighted 

Number 
exercisable, 
average  December 31, 
2016 

2016  unit life (yrs)  exercise price 

Units exercisable 

Weighted 
average 
strike price 

Strike 
price 

$9.77-$15.01 
$17.26-$22.22 

124,936 
56,589 

9.2 
8.2 

$ 
$ 

10.65 
21.70 

181,525 

$ 

14.10 

- 
- 

- 

$ 
$ 

$ 

- 
- 

- 

The Company recognized an expense of $334,000 for the year ended December 31, 
2016 (2015 –$189,000) in Contributed surplus. 

14. Depreciation, depletion, and amortization: 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization allocated by function are as follows: 

Production 
Selling and administration 

15. Personnel expenses: 

2016 

2015 

$  102,539 
8,448 

$  100,988 
7,982 

$  110,987 

$  108,970 

Note 

2016 

2015 

Wages and salaries 
Government administered pensions and  

unemployment insurance 
Workers’ compensation insurance 
Contributions to defined contribution plans 
Expenses related to defined benefit plans 
Cash-settled share based payment transactions  
and other long term compensation expense 

Medical, dental, group insurance and other 

22 
22 

11 

$  232,342 

$  219,362 

13,071 
6,182 
9,866 
1,648 

4,551 
36,796 

  12,817 
7,505 
  10,948 
1,304 

5,431 
34,027 

$  304,456 

$  291,394 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

63 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

16. Finance costs: 

Recognized in Net earnings (loss): 

Interest on borrowing 
Net interest on defined benefit plans 
Unwind of discount on provisions 
Amortization of deferred finance costs 

Recognized in Other comprehensive income: 

2016 

2015 

$  (16,659) 
(428) 
(832) 
(683) 

$  (16,034) 
(11) 
(667) 
(857) 

$  (18,602) 

$  (17,569) 

2016 

2015 

Effective portion of changes in fair value of interest rate swap 

$ 

(51) 

$ 

(71) 

17. Other income: 

Gain (loss) on disposal of surplus equipment, licences and roads  $  14,072 
22 
Gain (loss) on lumber futures trading 

2016 

2015 

758 
(1) 

$ 

$  14,094 

$ 

757 

On November 30, 2016, Interfor completed the sale of its former sawmill in Tacoma, 
Washington for net proceeds of $40,830,000 and a gain of $15,012,000.   

During 2016, Interfor also sold fixed income investments for proceeds of $10,342,000 and 
recognized a gain of $23,000. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

64 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

18. Restructuring costs: 

Tacoma sawmill: 

Write-down of inventories 
Write-down of buildings 
Severance 
Site closure costs 
Onerous contract 

Beaver-Forks operation: 

Write-down (reversal of write-down) of  
  plant and equipment 
Severance 
Onerous contract (recovery) 
Write-down of inventories 

Other 

Write-down of equipment 
Severance 
Onerous contract 
Other 

Note 

5 
5 

8 

8 

$ 

2016 

1,533 
1,018 
- 
1,738 
- 

- 
- 
(82) 
- 

1,155 
955 
497 
466 

$ 

2015 

6,475 
- 
3,016 
574 
64 

(1,195) 
5 
175 
32 

2,812 
871 
- 
- 

$ 

7,280 

$  12,829 

On July 30, 2015, the Company announced a plan to exit the Tacoma sawmill (note 4), 
classified the assets as Assets held for sale (note 5) and recorded related restructuring 
charges.  Inventory write-downs reflect extraordinary declines in fair value of inventory 
subsequent to decision date.   

In December, 2015, the Company recorded an impairment against operating equipment 
replaced in 2016 for regulatory compliance. 

In December, 2016, the Company recorded an impairment against surplus operating 
equipment. 

19. Income taxes: 

Income tax expense is as follows:  

Current tax expense: 
Current year 
Adjustments for prior periods 

Deferred income tax expense (recovery): 

Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Change in unrecognized deferred income tax assets 

2016 

2015 

$ 

802 
51 
853 

$ 

895 
(281) 
614 

12,525 
(6,171) 
6,354 

(25,767) 
1,136 
  (24,631) 

$ 

7,207 

$  (24,017) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

65 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

19. Income taxes (continued): 

Income tax expense (recovery) recognized in Other comprehensive income is as follows: 

Defined benefit plan actuarial losses 
Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations 

$ 

2016 
- 
691 

$ 

2015 
(376) 
(321) 

$ 

691 

$ 

(697) 

Income tax expense (recovery) recognized in Equity is as follows: 

2016 

2015 

Amortized and unamortized share issuance costs 

$ 

(1,829) 

$ 

- 

The reconciliation of income taxes at the statutory rate to the income tax expense 
(recovery) is as follows: 

Income tax expense (recovery) at the statutory rate of 

26.00% (2015 – 26.00%) 

Change in unrecognized deferred income tax assets 
Entities with different tax rates and foreign rate adjustments 
Income Tax Credit 
Other 

2016 

2015 

$  18,941 
(6,171) 
(4,884) 
(715) 
36 

$  (14,145) 
1,136 
(12,702) 
- 
1,694 

$ 

7,207 

$  (24,017) 

The statutory tax rate did not change from 2015.   

The Company has the following non-capital loss carryforwards that are available to reduce 
future taxable income: 

(a)  Canadian non-capital loss carry-forwards which total approximately $101,215,000 

(2015 - $125,000,000), and expire between 2029 and 2036.   

(b)  U.S. net operating loss carry-forwards which total approximately US$175,176,000 

(2015 - US$179,000,000), and expire between 2023 and 2035. 

Unrecognized deferred income taxes: 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company has unrecognized deferred income tax assets in 
relation to accrued foreign exchange losses on U.S. Dollar denominated debt.  These 
losses, if realized, will result in allowable capital losses which can be applied against the 
taxable portion of capital gains, if any, arising in future years.  

As at December 31, 2015, the Company had unrecorded deferred income tax assets related 
to non-capital loss carry-forwards, accrued and realized foreign exchange losses on U.S. 
Dollar denominated debt, actuarial pension losses and unamortized shar issuance costs. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

66 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

19. Income taxes (continued): 

Deferred income tax assets related to the Company’s Canadian operations are not 
recognized in respect of the following: 

Non-capital losses carried forward 
Deductible temporary differences 

$ 

2016 

- 
8,009 

2015 

$  27,313 
15,466 

$ 

8,009 

$  42,779 

Recognized deferred income taxes: 

Recognized 

December 31, 2016 
Deferred income tax assets 

Opening 
Balance 

  Recognized in 

in Other  Recognized in 
Income Tax Comprehensive  Shareholder’s 
Equity 

Expense  Income (loss) 

Ending 
Balance 

Losses 
Reserves 
Tax credits 
Share issue costs 
Other 

$  117,627  $ 
20,494 
111 
- 
2,520 

(3,986)  $ 
870 
759 
- 
2,152 

Deferred income tax liabilities 

Capital assets 
Foreign currency 

(122,228) 

(6,149) 

-  $ 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

translation differences 
for foreign operations  

145 

- 

(681) 

1,137  $   114,778 
21,364 
870 
692 
4,672 

- 
- 
692 
- 

- 

- 

(128,377) 

(536) 

Total 

$ 

18,669  $ 

(6,354)  $ 

(681)  $ 

1,829  $ 

13,463 

  Recognized in 

December 31, 2015 
Deferred income tax assets 
$ 

Losses 
Reserves 
Tax credits 
Other 

Deferred income tax liabilities 

Capital assets 
Foreign currency 
     translation differences 
for foreign operations  

Opening 
Balance 

  Recognized in 

in Other  Recognized in 
Income Tax Comprehensive  Shareholder’s 
Equity 

Expense  Income (loss) 

Ending 
Balance 

72,304  $ 
25,965 
955 
2,538 

45,323  $ 
(5,847) 
(844) 
(18) 

(108,245) 

(13,983) 

-  $ 

376 
- 
- 

- 

-  $   117,627 
20,494 
- 
111 
- 
2,520 
- 

   - 

 (122,228) 

(176) 

- 

321 

- 

145 

Total 

$ 

(6,659)  $ 

24,631  $ 

697  $ 

-  $ 

18,669 

Represented by the following: 

Deferred income tax assets 
Deferred income tax liabilities 

2016 

$  14,311 
(848) 

2015 

$  18,669 
- 

$  13,463 

$  18,669 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

67 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

20. Commitments and contingencies: 

(a) Operating leases and contractual obligations: 

The Company is obligated under various operating leases and contracts requiring 
minimum annual payments in each of the next five years as follows: 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

$  19,570 
12,790 
10,530 
5,430 
4,790 

(b) Surety Performance Bonds: 

The Company has posted $32,375,000 in surety performance bonds, with various 
expiry dates extending through January, 2025. 

(c) Softwood Lumber Agreement: 

The Canada-U.S Softwood Lumber Agreement (“SLA”) expired on October 12, 2015, 
eliminating export taxes on Canadian softwood lumber shipments to the United States. 

On November 25, 2016, the U.S. Lumber Coalition (“Coalition”) filed a petition with the 
U.S. Department of Commerce (“DoC”) and the U.S. International Trade Commission 
(“ITC”) seeking countervailing and anti-dumping duties on Canadian softwood lumber 
imports to the U.S.   

On January 6, 2017, the ITC determined that there is a reasonable indication that the 
U.S. industry is materially injured by the imports of softwood lumber products from 
Canada.  As a result, the DoC will commence its anti-dumping and countervailing duty 
investigations on imports of these products.  

The DoC is expected to announce its ruling in the Countervailing Duty (“CVD”) 
investigation in the second quarter, 2017.  A ruling in the Anti-dumping Duty (“AD”) 
investigation is expected to come approximately 60 days thereafter.   

If the DoC rules that “critical circumstances” apply, duties could be applied retroactively 
up to 90 days prior to the preliminary determinations.  It is not anticipated that this 
would give rise to a liability as at December 31, 2016.   

(d) Timber Licence: 

A Timber Licence held by Interfor for harvesting within the B.C. Coast region (the 
“Licence”) is expected to be cancelled (or taken) by the Government of B.C., following 
the passing into law of the Great Bear Rainforest (Forest Management) Act (the “Act”) 
and regulations, which took effect January 1, 2017.   

If the Licence is taken, Interfor would be entitled to compensation from the 
Government of B.C. based upon the value of the harvesting rights under the Licence.  
Although it is not practicable at this time to estimate the value or form of compensation 
that would be received by Interfor if the Licence were taken, it is expected that such 
compensation would exceed the net book value of the Licence as at December 31, 
2016.   

(e) Other contingencies: 

The Company is subject to a number of claims arising in the normal course of business 
in respect of which either an adequate provision has been made or for which no 
material liability is expected. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

68 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

21. Net earnings per share: 

Net earnings per share is based on the earnings attributable to shareholders and a 
weighted average number of Shares, as defined in note 13, outstanding for the year.   

     The reconciliation of the numerator and denominator is determined as follows: 

2016 

  Weighted 
average 
Net  number of 

earnings 

Shares  Per Share 

2015 

  Weighted 
average 
Net  number of 
Shares 
loss 

Per Share 

Issued Shares at 
  December 31 
Effect of Shares issued on: 

March 2, 2015 

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) 

70,030 

- 

66,730 

2,758 

per share 

$  65,643 

70,030  $ 

0.94 

$ (30,386) 

69,488 

$ 

(0.44) 

22. Employee future benefits and other post-retirement plans: 

The Company maintains a number of savings and retirement plans that are available to 
employees that meet certain eligibility requirements.   

(a) Defined contribution plans: 

In Canada, salaried employees of the Company are provided with the opportunity to 
make voluntary contributions to a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (“RRSP”) based 
on a percentage of an employee’s earnings.  The Company matches employees’ RRSP 
contributions with contributions to a Deferred Profit Sharing Plan (“DPSP”) with the 
employee’s future retirement benefits based on these contributions along with 
investment earnings on the contributions.   

For the DPSP, the Company’s funding obligations are satisfied upon making cash 
contributions to an employee’s account.  For 2016, the pension expense for this plan is 
equal to the Company’s contribution of $1,639,000 (2015 - $1,785,000).   

For certain eligible employees of the Canadian Merchant Services Guild (“CMSG”), the 
Company makes required contributions based on a percentage of earnings into a 
defined contribution plan.  For 2016, the pension expense is equal to the Company’s 
contribution of $49,000 (2015 - $44,000). 

Employees of two wholly-owned U.S. operating subsidiaries of the Company, contribute 
a percentage of their earnings to a 401(k) plan which the Company matches and which 
vest immediately.  The Company’s funding obligations are satisfied upon making cash 
contributions to an employee’s account.  For 2016, the pension expense for this plan is 
equal to the Company’s contribution of $4,267,000 (2015 - $4,374,000).   

(b) Unionized employees’ pension plan: 

The Company contributes to an industry-wide benefit plan for unionized employees 
based on a predetermined amount per hour worked by an employee.  For 2016, the 
pension expense for these plans is equal to the Company’s contribution of $3,352,000 
(2015 - $3,499,000).  As there is insufficient information available to enable the 
Company to account for this plan as a defined benefit plan, the plan has been 
accounted for as a defined contribution plan.  The Company’s liability is limited to its 
contributions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

69 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

22. Employee future benefits and other post-retirement plans (continued): 

c)  Supplementary pension plans: 

The Company provides supplementary pension benefits to certain members of its senior 
management in the form of a notional extension to the DPSP in Canada and the 401(k) 
plan in the U.S. These commitments are not funded but are fully accrued by the 
Company, with a portion of the commitments being secured by irrevocable letters of 
credit. 

During 2016 the Company recorded an expense of $559,000 (2015 - $738,000) in 
respect of these plans. 

The accrued liabilities of this plan are included in the Company’s Statements of Financial 
Position as follows: 

Trade accounts payable and provisions 
Employee future benefits obligation 

d)  Defined benefit plans: 

$ 

2016 
721 
5,499 

$ 

2015 
418 
5,644 

$ 

6,220 

$ 

6,062 

The Company and the non-union hourly employees at the Adams Lake operations make 
contributions to a defined benefit pension plan that provides pension benefits upon 
retirement.  The plan entitles a retired employee to receive monthly payments based on 
a schedule of defined benefit accruals for different periods of service. 

The Company makes contributions to a defined benefit pension plan that provides 
pension benefits to certain eligible employees of the CMSG upon retirement.  The plan 
provides a retired employee a monthly payment based on a percentage of their average 
earnings at retirement, and their years of service.  In addition, the Company provides 
post-retirement medical and life insurance benefits to certain eligible CMSG retirees. 

The Company maintains a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan for a former 
senior executive. 

The Company provides post retirement life insurance benefits to eligible retirees of a 
wholly-owned subsidiary, Seaboard Shipping Company Limited (“SSCL”).  In addition, 
specified individuals at SSCL received a supplemental pension based on a percentage of 
final average earnings at retirement, and years of service.  Effective December 12, 
2016, the supplemental pension was settled and all liabilities were paid out through the 
purchase of an annuity. 

The Company measures its defined benefit obligations and the fair value of plan     
assets for accounting purposes as at December 31 of each year.   

The most recent and the next scheduled actuarial valuations for funding purposes for 
the significant pension plans are: 

Adams Lake Pension Plan 
CMSG Pension Plan  

December 31, 2013  
December 31, 2013  

December 31, 2016 
December 31, 2016 

Most Recent Valuation 

Next Scheduled Valuation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

70 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

22. Employee future benefits and other post-retirement plans (continued): 

(d) Defined benefit plans (continued): 

The significant pension plans are subject to the statutory requirements (including 
minimum funding requirements) of their respective jurisdictions and the Income Tax 
Act.  Each plan’s pace of funding is determined by the Company, subject to the 
statutory minimums and maximums. 

In 2016, the Company paid contributions of $1,150,000 (2015 - $698,000), and in lieu 
of making cash special payments to fund certain deficits, posted letters of credits 
totaling $2,555,000 (2015 - $2,464,000).  In 2017, the Company expects to pay 
contributions of $803,000 to its defined benefit plans, and hold a total of $2,555,000 of 
letters of credit. 

The following summarizes the pension and other post-retirement obligations: 

Pension Benefits 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

2016 

2015 

Defined benefit obligation: 

$ 

Beginning of year 
Service cost  
Employee contributions 
Interest cost 
Benefit payments 
Actuarial loss due to: 

Financial assumptions 
  Experience adjustment 
Settlements 

51,505  $ 
944 
377 
1,875 
(1,986) 

48,729  $ 
920 
339 
1,990 
(2,094) 

1,813  $ 
51 
- 
91 
(66) 

48 
126 
(1,680) 

1,593 
28 
- 

- 
- 
- 

1,700 
45 
- 
67 
(48) 

49 
- 
- 

End of year 

$ 

51,209  $ 

51,505  $ 

1,889  $ 

1,813 

Plan assets: 

Beginning of year 
Interest on plan assets 
Employer contributions 
Employee contributions 
Benefit payments 
Administration costs 
Actuarial gain 
Settlements 

$ 

52,020  $ 

50,575  $ 

1,925 
1,084 
377 
(1,986) 
(146) 
1,683 
(2,146) 

1,995 
650 
339 
(2,094) 
(110) 
665 
- 

-  $ 
- 
66 
- 
(66) 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
48 
- 
(48) 
- 
- 
- 

End of year 

$ 

52,811  $ 

52,020  $ 

-  $ 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

71 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

22. Employee future benefits and other post-retirement plans (continued): 

(d) Defined benefit plans (continued): 

The following summarizes the balances recognized on the Statements of Financial 
Position: 

                                                       2016 

         2015 

2016 

2015 

Pension Benefits 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

Fair value of plan assets 
Present value of unfunded  

$ 

52,811  $ 

52,020  $ 

-  $ 

- 

obligations 

        (345) 
Present value of funded obligation  (50,864) 

(371) 
(51,134) 

(1,889) 
- 

(1,813) 
- 

Net employee future benefits  
    asset (liability) 

$ 

Employee future benefits  

1,602  $ 

515  $ 

(1,889)  $ 

(1,813) 

asset 

$ 

2,471  $ 

1,570  $ 

-  $ 

- 

Trade accounts payable and  

provisions 

(71) 
Employee future benefits obligation  (798) 
Net employee future benefits 
   asset (liability) 

$ 

1,602  $ 

(71) 
(984) 

(50) 
(1,839) 

(50) 
(1,763) 

515  $ 

(1,889)  $ 

(1,813) 

The following table shows the Company’s net expense recognized in the Statement of 
Earnings and the actuarial (gains) losses recognized in Other comprehensive income: 

Statement of Earnings 
Production expense 
Finance (income) costs 
Restructuring costs 

Pension Benefits 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

2016 

2015 

$ 

1,090  $ 
(50) 
466 

1,030  $ 
(5) 
- 

51  $ 
91 
- 

45 
67 
- 

$ 

1,506  $ 

1,025  $ 

142  $ 

112 

Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Actuarial gains (losses) 

$ 

1,509  $ 

(956)  $ 

-  $ 

(49) 

Plan assets consist of: 

Asset category 
Investment Funds 
Canadian Equity 
Global 
Money Market 
Fixed Income 
Balanced 

Cash 
Other 

Total 

$ 

2016 

2015 

15,787  $ 
16,766 
985 
18,715 
457 
101 
- 

13,735 
16,946 
831 
19,050 
483 
8 
967 

$ 

52,811  $ 

52,020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

72 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

22. Employee future benefits and other post-retirement plans (continued): 

(d) Defined benefit plans (continued): 

The plan assets held in investment funds are managed by third party investment 
managers and the fair values of these investments have been determined based on the 
unit price of the underlying funds.  As such, all investment funds are categorized as 
Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. 

Actuarial assumptions used in accounting for the Company maintained benefit plans 
(expressed as weighted averages) are: 

Pension Benefits 
2016 

2015 

Other Post-retirement Benefits 

2016 

2015 

Defined benefit obligation as of December 31 

     Discount rate 
     Compensation increases¹ 

3.75% 
3.50% 

Pension expense 

     Discount rate 
     Compensation increases¹ 

3.75% 
3.50% 

3.75% 
3.50% 

3.99% 
3.50% 

3.75% 
- 

3.75% 
- 

3.75% 
- 

3.96% 
- 

¹Compensation increases only relate to the CMSG plan. 

For measurement purposes at December 31, 2016, the Company has assumed a 5.36% 
health care cost trend in 2017 grading down to 4.38% in 2021 (2015 – 5.60% health 
care cost trend in 2016 grading down to 4.38% in 2021). 

Effect of 1% decrease in discount rate  

on defined benefit obligation 

$ 

7,321 

$ 

247  

Pension Benefits  Other Post-retirement Benefits 

The sensitivity to the discount rate has been determined assuming all other 
assumptions remain unchanged.  An increase in the discount rate would have an 
opposite effect of similar magnitude. 

The weighted average durations of the defined benefit pension plans and other post-
retirement benefit plans is fifteen years. 

Through its defined benefit pension plans and other post-retirement benefits, the 
Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed 
below: 

Asset liability mismatch – The defined benefit plan obligations are calculated using a 
discount rate set with reference to corporate bond yields.  While the Adams Lake and 
CMSG pension plans hold some fixed income investments, both plans hold a significant 
proportion of equities, which are expected to outperform corporate bonds in the long 
term.  However, in the short term, there will be volatility in the funded status of the 
plans. 

Life expectancy – The majority of obligations are to provide benefits for the life of the 
member, so increases in life expectancy would result in increased obligations. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

73 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

23. Related party transactions: 

Key management personnel are comprised of the Company’s directors and executive 
officers. 

The remuneration of key management personnel was as follows: 

Salary and short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits 

Share-based compensation expense (recovery) 

$ 

2016 

6,013 
512 

3,112 

$ 

2015 

4,838 
729 

(3,447) 

$ 

9,637 

$ 

2,120 

Obligations in relation to key management personnel, including directors, are as follows: 

Trade accounts payable and provisions 
Employee future benefits obligation 
Provisions and other liabilities 

$ 

2016 

3,947 
3,998 
10,840 

$ 

2015 

5,669 
3,591 
10,239 

$  18,785 

$  19,499 

24. Segmented information: 

The Company manages its business as a single operating segment, solid wood.  The 
Company harvests and purchases logs which are sorted by species, size and quality and 
then either manufactured into lumber products at the Company’s sawmills, or sold.  
Substantially all operations are located in British Columbia, Canada and the Northwest and 
Southeast regions of the U.S. 

The Company sells to both foreign and domestic markets as follows: 

United States 
Canada 
Japan 
China/Taiwan 
Other export 

Sales by product line are as follows: 

Lumber 
Logs 
Wood chips and other by products 
Ocean freight and other 

2016 

2015 

$ 1,248,684 
234,308 
137,795 
91,606 
80,319 

$ 1,144,927 
236,517 
140,900 
110,828 
54,203 

$ 1,792,712 

$ 1,687,375 

2016 

2015 

$ 1,458,296 
179,275 
145,608 
9,533 

$ 1,361,192 
174,090 
141,717 
10,376 

$ 1,792,712 

$ 1,687,375 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

74 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

24. Segmented information (continued): 

Non-current assets by geographic location are as follows: 

United States 
Canada 

25. Capital management: 

2016 

2015 

$  666,839 
348,796 

$  709,002 
369,573 

$ 1,015,635 

$ 1,078,575 

The Company’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, 
creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business.  The 
Company monitors the pre-tax return on total assets, which it defines as operating 
earnings before restructuring and capital asset write-downs, divided by the average of 
Total assets for the period. 

The Company seeks to maintain a balance between the higher returns that might be 
possible with the leverage afforded by higher borrowing levels and the security afforded by 
a sound capital position.  The Company’s target is to create value for its shareholders over 
the long term through increases in share value. 

There were no changes in the Company’s approach to capital management during 2016.  
Under its debt financing agreements, the Company cannot exceed a total debt to total 
capitalization ratio, with total debt defined as the total of indebtedness, including letters of 
credit, and long term debt, net of cash and cash equivalents up to a limit; and total 
capitalization defined as total debt plus shareholders’ equity and subordinated debt, 
excluding non-controlling interests, deferred income taxes, and a maximum of $20 million 
cumulative (from January 1, 2012) non-cash asset revaluations.  The financial covenants 
under the debt financing agreements also carry a minimum working capital, a minimum net 
worth requirement and a miminum EBITDA coverage ratio contingent on the total debt to 
total capitalization ratio.     

The Company is in compliance with all of its debt covenants and expects to remain in 
compliance. 

26. Financial instruments: 

(a) Fair value of financial instruments: 

At December 31, 2016, the fair value of the Company's long term debt exceeded its 
carrying value by $7,378,000 (2015 – below carrying value by $8,188,000), measured 
based on the level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.  The fair values of other financial 
instruments approximate their carrying values due to their short-term nature. 

(b) Derivative financial instruments: 

Derivative financial instruments in an asset position are classified as Trade accounts 
receivable and other in the Statements of Financial Position, while derivative financial 
instruments in a liability position are classified as Trade accounts payable and 
provisions.  Financial instrument assets and liabilities are not netted for purposes of 
presentation in the financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

75 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

26. Financial instruments (continued): 

(b) Derivative financial instruments (continued): 

The Company may use a variety of derivative financial instruments to reduce its 
exposure to risks associated with fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, interest rates 
and lumber prices.  These include foreign currency forward, collar and option contracts, 
and interest rate swaps.   

Two of the Company’s interest rate swaps matured on April 14, 2016.  Two interest 
rate swaps remained outstanding at December 31, 2016, each with a notional value of 
US$25,000,000.  Under these two interest rate swaps, maturing February 27, 2017, 
the Company pays an amount based on a fixed annual interest rate of 0.84% and 
receives a 90 day LIBOR which is recalculated at set interval dates.  At December 31, 
2016, the fair value of the Company’s interest rate swaps was an asset of $10,000 
(December 31, 2015 – $61,000 asset).  Fair value of the Company’s interest rate 
swaps are measured based on Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.   

In respect of its trading in foreign currency exchange contracts and interest rate swaps, 
the Company does not expect any credit losses in the event of non-performance by 
counterparties as the counterparties are the Company’s bankers, which are all highly 
rated.   

As at December 31, 2016, the Company had no outstanding obligations under foreign 
currency contracts. 

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments for 
the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. 

Foreign exchange collars and forward contracts¹ 
Interest rate swaps² 
Lumber futures³ 

$ 

2016 

271 
(51) 
(1) 

$ 

2015 

(1,420) 
(71) 
(1) 

Total gain (loss), net 

$ 

219 

$ 

(1,492) 

¹ Recognized in Other foreign exchange gain (loss) in Net earnings. 
² Recognized in Other comprehensive income. 
³ Recognized in Other income in Net earnings. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

76 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

26. Financial instruments (continued): 

(c) Hedge of investment in foreign operations: 

As at December 31, 2016, U.S. Dollar borrowings under the Revolving Term Line and 
Senior Secured Notes were designated as hedges against the Company’s investment in 
its U.S. operations with unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) recorded in Other 
comprehensive income as follows: 

Designation date 

Opening 
balance¹  Additions¹  Payments¹ 

Closing 
balance¹ 

June 26, 20134 
50,000 
March 13, 2014³ 
75,000 
December 17, 20144  50,000 
January 14, 20153 
10,000 
February 26, 20153 
- 
March 16, 20154 
100,000 
March 30, 20153 
10,000 
May 12, 20153 
35,000 
October 5, 20163 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
22,000 

- 
(67,000) 
- 
(10,000) 
- 
- 
(10,000) 
(35,000) 
- 

50,000 
8,000 
50,000 
- 
- 
100,000 
- 
- 
22,000 

Unrealized foreign 
 exchange 
gains (losses)² 
2016 

2015 

2,065 
4,414 
2,065 
352 
- 
4,130 
704 
2,516 
(566) 

  (11,195) 
  (17,313) 
  (11,195) 
  (1,892) 
  (4,112) 
  (10,370) 
  (1,260) 
  (6,073) 
- 

$330,000 

$ 22,000  $(122,000)  $230,000 

$ 15,680 

$(63,410) 

¹Denominated in U.S. Dollars.   
²Denominated in Canadian Dollars. 

³Drawn on Revolving Term Line. 
4Drawn on Senior Secured Notes. 

Repayments were de-designated as a hedge of the Company’s investment in its U.S. 
operations. 

(d) Financial risk management: 

Financial instrument assets include cash and cash equivalents, trade and other 
receivables and certain investments and advances.   Cash and cash equivalents and 
trade and other receivables are designated as loans and receivables and are initially 
measured at fair value plus any direct transaction costs and thereafter at amortized 
cost using the effective interest rate method, less any impairment losses. 

Certain Other investments and advances are classified as held for trading and are 
measured at fair value. 

Financial instrument liabilities include bank indebtedness, accounts payable and other 
provisions, long term debt, and certain other long term liabilities.  All financial liabilities 
are designated as other liabilities and are initially measured at fair value plus any direct 
transaction costs and subsequently at amortized cost using the effective interest 
method.   

There are no financial instruments classified as held-to-maturity. 

The use of financial instruments exposes the Company to credit, liquidity and market 
risk. 

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of 
the Company’s risk management framework.  The Company’s risk management policies 
are established to identify and analyze the risks faced by the Company, to set 
appropriate risk limits and controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

77 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

26. Financial instruments (continued): 

(d) Financial risk management (continued): 

Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in 
market conditions and the Company’s activities.  Through its standards and procedures, 
management has developed a control environment in which employees are clear on 
roles and obligations and management regularly monitors compliance with its risk 
management policies and procedures. 

(i)  Credit risk: 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty 
to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises 
primarily from the Company’s receivables from customers and from cash and cash 
equivalents.   

Accounts receivable 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is dependent upon individual characteristics 
of each customer.  Each new customer is assessed for creditworthiness before 
payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered, with such review 
encompassing any external ratings, and bank and other references.  Purchase limits 
are established for each customer, and are regularly reviewed.  In some cases, 
where customers fail to meet the Company’s benchmark creditworthiness, the 
Company may choose to transact with the customer based on standard industry 
terms.   

Most North American sales are conducted under standard industry terms.  All 
lumber sales outside of the North American markets are either insured as to 90% of 
the receivable amounts by the Export Development Corporation or are secured by 
documentary collections or irrevocable letters of credit. 

The Company regularly reviews the collectability of its accounts receivable and 
establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based on its best estimate of any 
potentially uncollectible accounts.  Historically, the Company has managed its credit 
tightly and has experienced minimal bad debts.  Based on this past experience and 
its detailed review of trade accounts receivable past due which were considered 
uncollectible, no reserve in respect of doubtful accounts  was recorded as at 
December 31, 2016 (2015 - $67,000). 

Deposits 

The Company limits its exposure to credit risk by only investing in liquid securities 
and only with counterparties that have a high credit rating.  As such, management 
does not expect any counterparty to fail to meet its obligations. 

Guarantees 

The Company did not provide any guarantees in 2016. 

Exposure to credit risk 

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure for 
receivables in North America.  As all log and lumber sales outside of the North 
American markets are typically insured by the Export Development Corporation to 
90% or secured by irrevocable letters of credit, credit exposure for these sales is 
limited. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

78 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

26. Financial instruments (continued): 

(d) Financial risk management (continued): 

(i)  Credit risk (continued): 

Accounts receivable carrying values at the reporting date by geographic region were 
as follows: 

United States 
Canada 
Japan 
China/Taiwan 
Other 

(ii) Liquidity risk: 

2016 
$  61,755 
14,243 
5,312 
7,397 
6,352 

2015 
$  62,148 
16,233 
5,837 
5,523 
5,477 

$  95,059 

$  95,218 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial 
obligations as they fall due.  The Company ensures, as far as possible, that it will 
always have sufficient liquidity to meet obligations when due and monitors cash flow 
requirements daily and projections weekly.  Weekly debt graphs are reviewed by 
senior management to monitor cash balances and debt line utilizations.   

The Company also maintains an Operating Line, a Revolving Term Line and a U.S. 
Operating Line that can be drawn on to meet obligations.   

The estimated cash payments due in respect of contractual and legal obligations 
including capital commitments are summarized as follows:  

Payments due by period 
Up to 
1 year 

2-3 
years 

4-5 
years 

After 5 
years 

Total 

$ 112,592  $ 112,592  $ 

Trade accounts payable and 
     accrued liabilities 
317 
Income taxes payable 
13,427 
Contingent future payment 
39,419 
Reforestation liability 
Long term debt 
308,821 
Provisions and other liabilities  38,817 
Operating leases and  
     capital commitments 

66,820 

317 
13,427 
11,609 
- 
11,008 

-  $ 
- 
- 
10,226 
40,281 
5,662 

-  $ 
- 
- 
8,141 
44,756 
2,150 

- 
- 
- 
9,443 
223,784 
19,997 

19,570 

23,320 

10,220 

13,710 

Total obligations 

$ 580,213  $ 168,523  $  79,489  $  65,267  $ 266,934 

(iii) Market risk: 

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange 
rates, interest rates and equity prices, will affect the Company’s income or the value 
of its holdings of financial instruments.  The objective of market risk management is 
to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while 
optimizing the return relative to risk. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

79 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

26. Financial instruments (continued): 

(d) Financial risk management (continued): 

Currency risk 

The Company is exposed to currency risk on cash and cash equivalents, accounts 
receivable, accounts payable and provisions, long term debt and intercompany loans 
that are denominated in a currency other than the respective functional currencies 
of the Company’s domestic and foreign operations, primarily Canadian and U.S. 
Dollars, but also the Euro, Sterling and Yen.  The Company may use foreign 
currency exchange forward, collar and option contracts to manage its currency risk 
from time to time.  The Company routinely assesses its foreign exchange exposure 
by reviewing outstanding contracts, pending order files and working capital 
denominated in foreign currencies. 

At December 31, 2016, the Company has U.S. Dollar drawings under its Revolving 
Term Line and Senior Secured Notes of US$230,000,000 (2015 – US$330,000,000).  
These U.S. Dollar drawings have been designated as a hedge against the Company’s 
net investment in its U.S. operations.   

As at December 31, the Company’s accounts receivable were denominated in the 
following currencies (in thousands): 

2016 

Accounts receivable 
Accounts receivable held by foreign 

CAD 

USD 

Japanese ¥ 

18,072 

20,614 

19,230 

subsidiaries with USD functional currency 

- 

36,559 

- 

2015 

Accounts receivable 
Accounts receivable held by foreign 

18,072 

57,173 

19,230 

CAD 

USD 

Japanese ¥ 

18,292 

18,526 

17,678 

subsidiaries with USD functional currency 

- 

36,909 

- 

18,292 

55,435 

17,678 

As at December 31, 2016, the domestic operations of the Company held cash and 
cash equivalents of US$7,503,000 (2015 – US$5,118,000).  Cash and cash 
equivalents held by foreign subsidiaries totaled US$5,195,000 (2015 - 
US$320,000). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

80 

 (Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except number of shares and per share amounts) 
 ____________________ 

26. Financial instruments (continued): 

(d) Financial risk management (continued): 

(iii) Market risk (continued): 

Based on the Company’s net exposure to foreign currencies as at December 31, 
2016, including U.S. Dollar denominated cash and cash equivalents, long term debt 
and other financial instruments, the sensitivity of the U.S. Dollar balances to the 
Company’s net annual earnings is as follows: 

U.S. Dollar 

$0.01 increase vs CAD   

$29,000 decrease in net earnings 

Based on the Company’s net exposure to foreign currencies as at December 31, 
2016, in respect of its net investment in U.S. subsidiaries, the sensitivity of the U.S. 
Dollar balances to the Company’s Other comprehensive income is as follows: 

U.S. Dollar 

$0.01 increase vs CAD   

$2,564,000 increase in OCI 

Interest rate risk 

The Company has reduced its exposure to changes in interest rates on borrowings 
by entering into interest rate swaps, as described in Note 26(b).  The intent of these 
swaps is to convert floating-rate interest expense to fixed-rate interest expense.  In 
addition, the Company issued US$200,000,000 of Senior Secured Notes (note 
10(b)), which bear interest at fixed rates ranging from 4.02 to 4.33%. 

Based on the Company’s average debt level during 2016, the sensitivity of a 100 
basis point increase in interest rates would result in an approximate decrease of 
$343,000 in net earnings. 

Other market price risk 

The Company does not enter into commodity contracts other than to meet the 
Company’s expected usage and sale requirements and such contracts are not 
settled net. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL INFORMATION FORM 

Prepared as of February 9, 2017 

81 

FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION  

This Annual Information Form contains information and statements that are forward-looking in 
nature, including, but not limited to, statements about the Company’s business outlook, 
objectives, plans, strategic priorities and other statements that are not historical facts.  A 
statement Interfor makes is forward-looking when it uses what is known today, to make a 
statement about the future.  Forward-looking statements may include words such as “will”, 
“could”, “should”, “expected”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “forecast”, “target”, “outlook” and 
“strategy”.  Such forward-looking statements are based on Interfor’s current expectations and 
certain assumptions, including assumptions regarding lumber, log and wood chip prices; the 
Company’s ability to compete on a global basis; the availability and cost of log supply; the 
absence of natural or man-made disasters; currency exchange rates; no material changes in 
government regulation; the availability of the Company’s allowable annual cut (“AAC”); the 
outcome of aboriginal claims and treaty settlements; the Company’s ability to export its 
products; the outcome of the softwood lumber dispute between Canada and the U.S.; 
stumpage rates payable to the Province of British Columbia; environmental effects of the 
Company’s operations; the absence of labour disruptions; and the assumptions described 
under the heading “Critical Accounting Estimates” in Interfor’s 2016 annual Management’s 
Discussion & Analysis, which is available on www.sedar.com and www.interfor.com.  Such 
forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that, if they 
eventuate, may cause Interfor’s actual results to be materially different from those expressed 
or implied by those forward-looking statements.  Such risks and uncertainties include lumber, 
log and wood chip price volatility; global competition; reduction of availability or increase in 
cost of log supply; natural or man-made disasters; foreign currency exchange rate 
fluctuations; changes in government regulation; reductions of the Company’s AAC; aboriginal 
claims or treaty settlements impacting the Company’s forest tenures; export and other trade 
barriers; the softwood lumber dispute between Canada and the U.S.; increases in stumpage 
rates payable to the Province of British Columbia; environmental effects of the Company’s 
operations; labour disruptions; and other factors referenced herein and in Interfor’s 2016 
annual Management’s Discussion & Analysis under the heading “Risks and Uncertainties”.  
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking information or 
statements.  Interfor undertakes no obligation to update such forward-looking information or 
statements, except as required by law. 

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS 

Interfor is a leading global supplier of lumber products.  The Company has annual production 
capacity of approximately 3 billion board feet and offers one of the most diverse lines of 
lumber products to customers in North America, the Asia-Pacific region and Europe. 

The Company has sawmilling operations in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Georgia, 
South Carolina and Arkansas.  Interfor also owns value-added remanufacturing facilities in 
Washington and Georgia.  

COMPANY HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION 

Our business originated in the 1930’s with a sawmill in Whonnock, about 48 kilometres east of 
Vancouver B.C.  Since that time, we have made significant investments to expand, upgrade 
and diversify our production facilities and timber base through capital programs and the 
acquisition of manufacturing plants and timber resources. 

 
 
 
 
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82 

The Company was incorporated under the Company Act (British Columbia) on May 6, 1963 
and, on December 1, 1979, was amalgamated with subsidiary Whonnock Forest Products 
Limited.  On January 1, 1988, a change in name from Whonnock Industries Limited to 
International Forest Products Limited occurred.  On February 10, 2006 we transitioned under 
the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia).  Effective on May 6, 2014, the Company’s 
name was changed to Interfor Corporation.  Our head office and our registered and records 
offices are located at Suite 3500, 1055 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V7X 
1H7. 

Our significant indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary, Interfor U.S. Inc., is incorporated in the 
State of Washington and owns and operates our U.S. sawmills.  Interfor Cedarprime Inc. 
(incorporated in the State of Washington) is also an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary of 
Interfor.  Directly wholly-owned subsidiaries include Interfor U.S. Holdings Inc. (incorporated 
in Washington), Interfor Sales & Marketing Ltd. (incorporated in British Columbia), Interfor 
Japan Ltd. (incorporated in British Columbia), Interfor Insurance Corporation (incorporated in 
Barbados), and Seaboard Shipping Company Limited (incorporated in British Columbia). 

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS     

2014 

On March 14, 2014, Interfor acquired all of the outstanding common shares of Tolleson Ilim 
Lumber Company from Ilim Timber Continental, S.A. for total consideration of $188.5 million, 
comprising $126.9 million in cash and 3,680,000 Common Shares valued at $61.6 million.  
This acquisition added two sawmills located in Perry and Preston, Georgia, and a 
remanufacturing facility in Perry, Georgia.   

On June 27, 2014, the Company announced a curtailment of its Beaver-Forks operation on the 
Olympic Peninsula in Washington State. Following a comprehensive strategic review, 
permanent closure of the operation and consolidation of production at Interfor’s Port Angeles 
facility was announced on July 31, 2014. 

On November 6, 2014, Interfor announced a $50 million capital project to upgrade its sawmill 
in Castlegar, B.C to convert the Castlegar mill to a two line operation with state-of-the-art 
technology and optimization.  The project was substantially completed by the end of 2015.  

On December 17, 2014, the Company completed a US$50 million term debt financing with 
Prudential Capital Group.  The senior secured notes carry an annual interest rate of 4.02% and 
have a final maturity of June 26, 2023.   

On December 18, 2014, Interfor signed an agreement to acquire four sawmills from Simpson 
Lumber Company, LLC, for consideration of US$94.7 million, plus working capital and 
contingent future consideration. 

2015 

On January 27, 2015, Interfor closed a bought deal public offering of subscription receipts (the 
“Subscription Receipts”) through a syndicate of underwriters.  The Company issued an 
aggregate of 3,300,000 Subscription Receipts at a price of $20.10 per Subscription Receipt, for 
aggregate gross proceeds of $66.3 million (the “Offering”).  Each Subscription Receipt entitled 
the holder thereof, for no additional consideration and without further action, to one Common 
Share upon closing of the acquisition of four sawmills and associated working capital from 
Simpson Lumber Company, LLC (“Simpson”).  Net proceeds of the Offering were used to 
partially fund this acquisition. 

On March 1, 2015, Interfor completed its acquisition of four sawmills and associated working 
capital from Simpson.  The sawmills are located in Tacoma, Washington; Longview, 
Washington; Meldrim, Georgia and Georgetown, South Carolina.  

 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

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83 

On March 16, 2015, the Company completed a US$100 million term debt financing of Senior 
Secured Notes with Prudential Capital Group.  The Senior Secured Notes carry an annual 
interest rate of 4.17% and have a final maturity of March 26, 2026.  The proceeds were used 
to reduce the drawings under the Company’s Revolving Term Line.  In conjunction with this 
financing, Interfor decreased the credit available under its Revolving Term Line from $250 
million to $200 million, without change to other terms and conditions. 

On April 27, 2015, Interfor extended the maturity date of its U.S. Operating Line from April 28, 
2015, to May 1, 2017, and increased the credit available under that line from US$30 million to 
US$50 million to provide enhanced financial flexibility.   

On May 22, 2015, Interfor curtailed operations at its Tacoma sawmill as a result of challenging 
lumber and log market conditions.  Following a comprehensive strategic review, the Company 
announced its decision on July 30, 2015, to exit the mill.  The Tacoma sawmill accounted for 
47 million board feet of production in 2015 since acquisition. 

On June 19, 2015, Interfor closed its acquisition of a sawmill and associated working capital in 
Monticello, Arkansas, from Price Lumber Company.  This acquisition increased Interfor’s U.S. 
South production capacity to 1.3 billion board feet and raised the proportion of Interfor’s total 
capacity in the U.S. South to more than 40%.   

2016 

The capital project to upgrade the Company’s sawmill in Castlegar, B.C. was substantially 
complete by the end of 2015 and it was operating at its designed productivity level to start 
2016. 

On February 9, 2016, Interfor renewed and extended its Canadian Operating Line of credit and 
Revolving Term Line to a new maturity date of May, 2019.  The commitment amount, security 
and pricing grid remained unchanged, but the renewal included a number of improved 
provisions to provide enhanced financial flexibility and liquidity. 

On June 15, 2016, the Company extended the maturity of its U.S. Operating Line from May 1, 
2017 to May 1, 2018, without significant change to other terms. 

On November 30, 2016, Interfor closed the sale of the Tacoma sawmill property for gross 
proceeds of US$32.4 million.  Net cash proceeds from the sale of the property were US$20.4 
million after taking into account transaction costs and US$10 million of contingent 
consideration owed to Simpson, from which Interfor acquired the sawmill in March 2015.   

MANUFACTURING AND TIMBER SUPPLY 

We operate five sawmills in B.C. and have U.S. operations comprising two sawmills and one 
remanufacturing plant in Washington, two sawmills in Oregon, one sawmill in South Carolina, 
one sawmill in Arkansas, and seven sawmills and one remanufacturing plant in Georgia.  These 
operations produce a wide range of products for sale in North American and offshore markets.  
The products range from commodity structural lumber through to specialty products, such as 
exterior decking and siding, machine stress rated products, industrial timbers and a wide range 
of appearance grade items.  

The mills are capable of cutting logs of various species and grades ranging in diameter from 4 
inches to 80 inches. Many of our manufacturing facilities have recently been upgraded and 
modified to improve the matching of timber resources with customers' lumber requirements. 

 
 
 
 
 
   
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84 

Rated capacity and production of lumber for each region is set out in the following table:   

Sawmills 

B.C. Coast(2) 

B.C. Interior 
U.S. Northwest(3,4) 
U.S. Southeast(5) 

Present 
Rated 
Capacity 
(1) 

Production for years 
ended 
December 31, 

2016 

2015      2014 

(millions of board feet) 

320 

750 

635 

159 

717 

570 

164 

620 

655 

1,325 

1,042 

1,058 

198 

744 

539 

741 

Total 

3,030 

2,488 

2,497 

2,222 

(1)  Based on two shifts per day and adjusted for regional operating parameters.  
(2)  Volumes include lumber custom-cut at third party facilities under the direction of Hammond 

management amounting to 11, 13 and 14 million board feet in 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively.    

(3)  The Beaver and Tacoma sawmills were curtailed on June 27, 2014 and May 22, 2015, 

respectively.  

(4)  The Longview and Tacoma sawmills were acquired on March 1, 2015.  The Tacoma mill was 

permanently curtailed in August, 2015 and is not included in rated capacity.  Volumes reported 
are Interfor only. 

(5)  The Perry and Preston sawmills were acquired March 14, 2014.  The Meldrim and Georgetown 

sawmills were acquired on March 1, 2015.  The Monticello sawmill was acquired on June 19, 
2015. Volumes reported are Interfor only. 

CANADIAN OPERATIONS 

B.C. Coast 

We own and operate two sawmill operations within the B.C. Coast region.  Our Hammond 
operation is located on the Fraser River in Maple Ridge, B.C. and consists of a three-line 
sawmill, a planer mill and dry kilns.  This facility is focused on western red cedar and supplies 
siding, decking, fascia and timbers for both offshore and North American markets.  Our Acorn 
operation is located on leased land in Delta, B.C. and consists of a log dewatering and 
merchandizing system, a sawmill, a planer mill and dry kilns.  This sawmill specializes in sizes 
and grades of lumber for use in Japanese traditional housing made primarily from hemlock and 
Douglas-fir logs. 

B.C. Interior  

We own and operate three sawmill operations within the B.C. Interior region with timber 
tenures having a total AAC of 1,888,000 cubic metres.  Our Adams Lake operation is located 
near Kamloops, B.C., while our Castlegar and Grand Forks operations are located in the 
southern interior of B.C.  These mills manufacture kiln-dried lumber for the U.S. and Canadian 
construction markets as well as for offshore markets, and have the capability to cut Douglas-
fir, spruce-pine-fir (“SPF”), fir-larch, western red cedar and hemlock dimension lumber.  The 
Castlegar operation includes a transportation system for transporting logs on Arrow Lake.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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B.C. Timber Supply 

85 

In the Province of British, the government or “Crown” owns 95% of the timberlands from 
which the majority of our timber is harvested.  The remaining 5% of timberland is private land 
which is primarily located on Vancouver Island and held by a few large industrial forest 
landowners. 

Forest and timber harvesting operations on Crown land in B.C. are regulated under the Forest 
and Range Practices Act (British Columbia) and the Forest Act (British Columbia).  The 
Government of B.C. is responsible for setting the AAC, approving forest development plans and 
cutting permits, determining the stumpage system and managing compliance and 
enforcement.  

The Province provides for the use of Crown forest land through the granting of various forms of 
timber tenures.  These tenure agreements provide timber harvesting rights in exchange for 
annual rent to cover general administration and fire preparedness obligations and stumpage 
fees payable to the Crown. 

Our Company is required to manage forest resources under our tenures in accordance with the 
requirements of the applicable laws and regulations.  Forest management of our tenures is 
guided by a team of forest professionals that are engaged in a wide array of activities such as 
resource planning, forest development, road building and harvesting, reforestation, forest 
protection and environmental certification.  

We hold various Forest Licence (“FL”), Tree Farm Licence (“TFL”) and Timber Licence (“TL”) 
tenures that currently provide for an AAC of approximately of 3.7 million cubic meters.  The 
majority of Interfor’s tenures are long-term (15 and 25 year) renewable agreements that are 
generally replaced every five years. 

Our timber supply needs are met by a combination of logs harvested from our own timber 
tenures, long-term trade and supply agreements, and log purchases on the open market.  
When operating at normal capacity, our mills in B.C. currently acquire approximately one-third 
of their log supply from external sources.   

On the B.C. Coast, we harvest a variety of species consisting primarily of western hemlock, 
amabilis fir, western red cedar and Douglas-fir.  In the B.C. Interior, the species mix consists 
of spruce, pine, fir, Douglas-fir, larch and cedar. The harvest is derived from both old growth 
and second growth stands. Whereas one-third of the harvest currently comes from second 
growth stands on the B.C. Coast, this amount is expected to increase significantly over the 
next several decades.  Logging operations are seasonal due to a number of factors including 
weather, ground conditions and fire season closures.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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86 

The following table shows our AAC under our FL and TFL tenures and other cutting rights and 
the volume of timber harvested under our FLs and TFLs and other cutting rights for the periods 
specified.  It also presents the volume of log purchases and sales during the period. 

B.C. Timber Supply 

Allowable Annual Cut (1) 
  — Forest Licences 

  — Tree Farm Licences 

  — Non Replaceable Forest Licences 
  — Discretionary Annual Harvest Levels(2)  

Total AAC 

Log Production 
  — Coast(3) 
  — Interior 

Total Log Production 

Years ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015  2014 

(thousands of cubic metres) 

2,775 

2,775 

2,775 

2,775 

875 

875 

- 

50 

- 

50 

875 

220 

80 

875 

220 

40 

3,700 

3,700 

3,950 

3,910 

1,308 

1,331 

1,523 

1,657 

1,708 

1,517 

2,965 

3,039 

3,040 

Log Purchases 

1,199 

1,112 

1,395 

Log Sales 

1,296 

1,453 

1,440 

(1)  AAC status at the beginning of each year (includes a provision for non-recoverable fibre). 
(2)  Includes Timber Licence tenures. 
(3)  2016  volumes  include  production  volume  of  16,000  cubic  metres  of  third  party  timber  sales 

managed by Interfor (2015 – 30,000 cubic metres, 2014 – 48,000 cubic metres). 

U.S. OPERATIONS 

U.S. Northwest 

We own and operate four sawmill operations in the U.S. Northwest.  Three of these operations, 
located in Port Angeles, Washington, Longview, Washington and Molalla, Oregon, produce stud 
lumber for the U.S. construction market.  Both the Port Angeles and Molalla sawmills produce 
kiln-dried stud lumber from hemlock and Douglas-fir logs while the Longview sawmill produces 
green Douglas-fir stud lumber with a focus on servicing home centers.  Port Angeles also 
produces lumber in 12 foot lengths for the U.S. market and is capable of producing metric 
sizes for export. 

Our Gilchrist sawmill located in Gilchrist, Oregon, processes lodgepole and ponderosa pine to 
produce a wide range of specialty and industrial lumber products. This sawmill has an on-site 
cogeneration plant to produce electricity for its own use as well as steam for its dry kilns.  At 
this location, we own and operate a short line railroad to connect to a mainline for shipment of 
lumber.  

We also own and operate a value-added cedar remanufacturing facility in Sumas, Washington. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

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U.S. Southeast 

87 

We own and operate nine sawmill operations in the U.S. South.  Seven of these sawmills are 
located in Georgia (Baxley, Eatonton, Swainsboro, Thomaston, Preston, Perry and Meldrim), 
one is located in Georgetown, South Carolina and another in Monticello, Arkansas.  These nine 
sawmills produce southern yellow pine lumber in a range of dimensions from 2x4 through 2x12 
products, with 4x4 products also produced at certain mills. 

We also own and operate a value-added southern yellow pine remanufacturing facility in Perry, 
Georgia. 

U.S. Timber Supply 

U.S. Northwest  

Timber supply in the U.S. Northwest (“NW”) is sourced from a broad distribution of forest land 
ownership (forest industrial lands; small private landowners; and State and Federal lands). 
These sources represent a long-term supply base from which mills purchase their timber 
supply.  In 2016, approximately 58% of the log supply in the NW came from land that is 
owned by industrial and small private landowners, while the remainder was sourced from 
State, Federal and tribal lands. 

Our timber supply requirements at the Port Angeles sawmill are weighted to western hemlock 
with lesser volumes of Douglas-fir. At our Longview location, we only purchase Douglas-fir.  
Douglas-fir is the prominent species, with smaller volumes of western hemlock and white fir at 
the Molalla sawmill. All three of our western Oregon and Washington sawmills depend on 
private industrial landowners and small private landowners for the majority of their supply. The 
remainder of their supply is comprised of timber from State, Federal, and tribal lands. 

At the Gilchrist sawmill, log purchases consist primarily of lodgepole pine and ponderosa pine 
that are harvested from second growth forests and the thinning of young stands from 
surrounding National Forests. This volume is supplemented with purchases from industrial and 
non-industrial private lands. 

U.S. Southeast 

Timber in the U.S. South is sourced primarily from privately held timberlands with only minor 
volumes coming from publicly owned timberlands.  Private timberland ownership includes non-
industrial private owners, timber real estate investment trusts (“timber REITs”) and various 
institutional investors such as pension funds, who are typically represented by a timberland 
investment management organization (“TIMO”).  Both timber REITs and TIMOs are considered 
industrial timberland owners.  Interfor’s sawmills in the U.S. South purchase timber comprised 
exclusively of southern yellow pine, originating from each of these sources. 

The total 2017 log supply requirement for the mills in the U.S. is estimated to be supplied from 
the following sources:   

Expected Sources of Timber 2017 

State, Federal and tribal lands 

Industrial lands 

Private lands 

U.S.  

Northwest 

35% 

58% 

7% 

100% 

U.S.  

South 

1% 

29% 

70% 

100% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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88 

SALES, MARKETING AND COMPETITIVE POSITION 

The global markets for the Company’s products are highly competitive and producers compete 
primarily on the basis of price.  In addition, a majority of Interfor’s lumber production is sold 
into markets where competitors have the same or larger capacity and may be lower cost 
producers.   

The following table shows our lumber sales by geographic area and total sales by product line 
for the past three years: 

Lumber 
  — U.S.A.  

  — Japan 

  — Canada 

  — China 

  — Other export 

Offshore transportation and handling 

Logs 

Wood chips and other residuals 

Ocean freight, contract services  

and other 

Total sales 

Years ended December 31, 

2016 

2015 

2014 

(thousands of dollars) 

$1,098,106     

$  996,683     

$  770,153      

123,878 

124,252 

92,248 

59,102 

60,179 

24,783 

94,483 

66,581 

47,104 

32,089 

107,561 

103,599 

109,205 

46,812 

39,928 

1,458,296 

1,361,192 

1,177,258 

179,275 

145,608 

174,090 

141,717 

144,770 

105,506 

9,533 
$1,792,712 

10,376 
$1,687,375 

19,623 
$1,447,157 

Lumber Sales 

Like other commodities, the demand for lumber is cyclical. It is affected by factors such as 
interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, freight rates, government tariffs and import 
policies, and overall demand.     

In order to diminish the impact of rapid cyclical changes in any one market, we strategically 
target worldwide markets and offer a diverse range of products.  Interfor also has a specific 
customer and product base in various countries, providing a diversified sales profile.  Many of 
our operations are strategically located close to ports which allow us to fully realize on the 
opportunities that are available to us in our overseas markets.   

Product and market diversification is particularly important as the variability inherent in the log 
resource produces a much wider spectrum of product sizes and quality.  A continuing priority 
for our Company is to develop products and markets that more fully realize the potential for 
higher grades, special dimensions and value-added items.   

Lumber sales and marketing activities are organized into two sales groups to leverage global 
expertise:  Export and North America.  Interfor Japan Ltd., with an office in Tokyo, has 
developed niche markets and has increased sales directly to end-users for the Japan market.  
We also have an office in France to serve Continental Europe and Middle Eastern markets, and 
a representative in China to support that country’s growing demand for wood.  

The primary market for our cedar product line continues to be North America where markets 
are serviced through a combination of regional wholesale distributors and direct retail sales.  
Gains have been made, however, in diversifying cedar sales into offshore markets in Europe, 
China, Japan and Australia.   

 
 
 
  
  
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
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In North America, we currently service our customer base from three sales locations.  Our 
cedar products are sold out of our office in Burnaby, B.C.  Our office in Bellingham, Washington 
services our North American customers for products produced by our sawmills in Canada and 
the U.S. Northwest.  Finally, our office in Peachtree City, Georgia services our customers for 
products produced by our sawmills in the U.S. South.  In 2017, the Bellingham office will be 
relocated to Canada.  Each of these offices leverages our regional knowledge of market 
segments and distribution channels.   

Log Sales 

We purchase and sell logs in order to obtain the appropriate size, grade and species of log to 
suit market conditions and each mill’s cutting profile.  We buy or trade logs through 
agreements and open market transactions and sell logs that are either unsuitable for cutting or 
in excess of our manufacturing requirements.  

Wood Chips and Other Residuals Sales 

As a by-product of lumber production, our sawmills produce wood chips and other residuals.  
Essentially all of our wood chips produced in B.C. are sold under short-term and long-term 
contracts to pulp producers.  In general, wood chips produced on the B.C. Coast are sold at 
prices related to current Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft (“NBSK”) pulp prices, while the 
wood chips produced in the B.C. Interior are sold at current market prices for chips.  Chips 
from our U.S. Northwest and U.S. South operations are sold to pulp and paper producers or 
fibre board manufacturers under short-term arrangements, with the exception of the Baxley, 
Georgetown, Meldrim, Gilchrist, Longview and Port Angeles sawmills which each have a long-
term contract with a pulp and paper producer.  

DISTRIBUTION 

We use various modes of surface transportation to deliver our lumber products.  Shipments to 
export markets are done by container and break-bulk vessels while shipments of lumber within 
North America are done by truck and rail.  In 2016, break-bulk shipments were transported 
under contract with an independent ocean carrier and this same arrangement is in place for 
2017.  Chips and logs are normally delivered by tug and barge or by truck.  In Gilchrist, 
Oregon, and in Grand Forks, B.C. we own short line railroads that connect to Class 1 railroads 
for shipping lumber and chips. 

HUMAN RESOURCES 

In B.C., we directly employ approximately 1,162 people in our logging and manufacturing 
operations and corporate offices.  The Canadian United Steel Workers (“USW”) is the certified 
bargaining agent for approximately 556 of these people.  The agreement with the USW for the 
B.C. Coast has an expiry date of June 14, 2019, while the Southern Interior USW agreement 
expires on June 30, 2018.   The Canadian Marine Service Guild (“CMSG”) represents 22 
employees, and their collective agreement expires September 30, 2019.   

In the U.S., we employ approximately 1,694 employees in our sawmill and remanufacturing 
operations in Washington, Oregon, Georgia, Arkansas, South Carolina and in our offices 
located in Bellingham, Washington and Peachtree City, Georgia.   The International Association 
of Machinists (“IAM”) is the certified bargaining agent for approximately 92 of these people 
employed in the Longview, Washington sawmill.    

The IAM collective agreement expires on November 15, 2020. 

 
 
 
 
 
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THE ENVIRONMENT 

90 

Interfor is committed to responsible stewardship of the environment. We maintain an 
Environmental Management System (“EMS”) for all of our woodlands and manufacturing 
facilities. The EMS provides a structure for identifying, addressing and managing environmental 
issues.  Audits are performed regularly in both the woodlands and manufacturing operations to 
verify its effectiveness.   

Regulatory Compliance  

Interfor operates in compliance with extensive provincial, state, federal or other laws and 
regulations that apply to most aspects of our business activities.   

Forest Management Certification 

Interfor has achieved the internationally recognized Sustainable Forestry Initiative (“SFI”) 
forest management certification for all of our B.C. woodlands operations. Independent third 
party certification audits are conducted by KPMG Performance Registrar Inc.  

Chain of Custody and Responsible Purchasing 

Interfor maintains Chain-of-Custody (“CoC”) certifications at certain mills and fibre sourcing 
procedures that track logs coming from sustainably managed forests through the 
manufacturing process.   

Coast Forest Conservation Initiative 

Interfor is a member of the Coast Forest Conservation Initiative (“CFCI”) – a collaborative 
effort of five B.C. forest product businesses committed to finding new approaches to forest 
conservation and management in B.C.’s Central and North Coast. CFCI collaborates with the 
Rainforest Solution Project (a group of environmental organizations) in a forum known as the 
Joint Solutions Project (“JSP”).  JSP works with the B.C. Government and First Nations on 
strategic items related to the implementation of ecosystem based management (“EBM”). The 
joint work done by JSP is a major step towards fulfilling the landmark Great Bear Rainforest 
agreement announced by the province in 2016.   

First Nations 

First Nations (“FN”) groups have claimed Aboriginal title and rights over substantial portions of 
British Columbia.  Interfor tenures overlap with the traditional territories of over 60 different 
FN groups. The Company’s operations in B.C. account for approximately 30% of its total 
lumber production.   

Interfor has a number of agreements and initiatives with FN in B.C., and remains committed to 
working with FN to develop economic opportunities of mutual benefit. Each FN group is notified 
prior to development activities as part of the Forest Stewardship Planning process.  

Mountain Pine Beetle 

The Mountain Pine Beetle (“MPB”) infestation has resulted in the mortality of a significant 
portion of the mature pine trees in the B.C. Interior. The greatest impact has been in the 
central interior region where there is a high percentage (over 60%) of pine in the forest.  
Interfor operations are in the southern interior which have a much lower percentage of pine 
(less than 30%) and are less affected by the MPB. The longer term timber supply impacts of 
the MPB are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s operating areas.      

Reforestation and Other Forestry-related Liabilities.   

Crown legislation requires the Company to complete reforestation activities on its forest and 
timber tenures. Accordingly, Interfor records the estimated liability for reforestation as timber 
is cut, and includes these expenses in the cost of current production. The estimate of future 

 
 
 
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91 

reforestation costs is based on detailed prescriptions of reforestation as prepared by Registered 
Professional Foresters employed or contracted by the Company. Considerations include the 
specifics of the areas logged and the treatments prescribed for those areas, as well as the 
timing and success rates of the planned activities. Estimates of reforestation liabilities are 
reviewed annually or more frequently if required, and can be materially impacted by forest 
fires, wildlife grazing, unfavourable weather conditions, changing legislative requirements and 
standards, or inaccurate projections, which could result in a charge against operating earnings. 

The Company also has a legal obligation to deactivate certain roads constructed for access to 
timber, once that access is no longer required. Accordingly, Interfor accrues the cost of road 
deactivation as related timber is cut, including those expenses in the cost of current 
production. The estimate of future road deactivation cost is based on comprehensive plans 
prepared by professional foresters and engineers employed by Interfor and includes such 
considerations as road structure and terrain. Estimates of road deactivation liabilities are 
reviewed annually or more frequently if required, and can be materially impacted by 
unfavourable terrain, changing legislative requirements and standards, or inaccurate 
projections, which could result in a charge against operating earnings.   

Continual Improvement  

Each year a formal management review of the Company’s sustainable forest management 
program and performance is completed as part of the process of continual improvement. 

Additional information about our environmental work and third party certification is available 
on our website at www.interfor.com.    

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 

We contribute to and participate in industry research organizations that have made numerous 
technical developments beneficial to us in areas such as sawing technology, drying techniques 
and anti-sap stain applications. We also are committed to applied research and development in 
the areas of environment, health and safety, forest management, and product and market 
development. We also conduct product and market research on our own in Canada and the 
U.S.  

RISK FACTORS 

Discussion of risk factors relating to the Company and its operations is included under the 
heading Risks and Uncertainties within Interfor’s 2016 annual Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis prepared as of February 09, 2017, which is incorporated by reference herein and 
available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.   

CAPITAL STRUCTURE 

The authorized share structure of the Company consists of: 

  150,000,000 Common Shares without Par Value with Special Rights and Restrictions 

(“Common Shares”); and 

  5,000,000 Preference Shares without Par Value with Special Rights and Restrictions 

(“Preference Shares”). 

As at February 9, 2017 there were 70,030,455 Common Shares outstanding.  There were no 
Preference Shares outstanding. 

 
 
 
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Common Shares 

92 

Each holder of a Common Share is entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote in 
person or by proxy at all meetings of the shareholders of the Company and is entitled to one 
vote for each such share held. 

Each holder of a Common Share is entitled to receive such dividends as the directors may in 
their sole discretion declare from time to time.  No holder of a Common Share will be entitled 
to any dividend other than or in excess of the dividends declared by the directors.  Subject to 
any special rights or restrictions as to dividends attached to any Preference Shares issued and 
outstanding from time to time, the directors have the discretion to declare dividends on the 
Common Shares. 

In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company or other distribution 
of its assets for the purpose of winding up its affairs, holders of the Common Shares will not 
receive any amount, property or asset, until the holders of the Preference Shares and any 
other class or series of shares entitled to receive assets of the Company in priority to the 
holders of the Common Shares, have first received the amount to which they are entitled.  
Thereafter, the holders of the Common Shares will be entitled to all remaining property and 
assets of the Company on a share for share basis. 

Preference Shares 

The Preference Shares may be issued in one or more series.  The directors may by resolution 
fix the number of Preference Shares in each series, determine the designation of the 
Preference Shares of each series, and attach special rights and restrictions to the Preference 
Shares of each series. 

The Preference Shares rank in priority over the Common Shares and any other shares ranking 
junior to the Preference Shares with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution 
of assets of the Company in the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the 
Company. 

The registered holders of the Preference Shares shall not be entitled as a class to receive 
notice of or to attend or to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Company, except in the 
event of matters affecting the priority rights or any other rights or restrictions attaching to the 
Preference Shares. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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93 

MARKET FOR SECURITIES OF THE COMPANY 

The Common Shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol IFP.  
The following table sets out the market price range and trading volumes of the Common 
Shares on the TSX for the periods indicated: 

Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) 
2016 Trading Volumes 
Ticker:  IFP 

$ Low  

$ High  

Volume 

8.96 
8.67 
11.05 
10.75 
10.48 
10.21 
10.90 
14.32 
13.79 
14.18 
13.54 
14.16 

14.19 
11.24 
14.52 
14.53 
13.74 
13.33 
14.94 
15.99 
15.94 
15.83 
15.20 
15.85 

9,288,577 
7,512,936 
7,401,891 
9,241,946 
7,090,033 
7,243,624 
5,838,105 
6,393,442 
4,685,717 
4,770,610 
3,531,182 
2,427,988 

Month 

January 
February 
March 
April 
May 
June 
July 
August 
September 
October 
November 
December 

SECURITIES SUBJECT TO CONTRACTUAL RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER 

Designation of class 

Number of securities that 
are subject to a 
contractual restriction on 
transfer 

Percentage of class 

Common Shares 

3.68 million 1 

5.25% 

Note 1: Until one year after the date that the Interfor director designated by Ilim Timber Continental, S.A. (“Ilim”) has 
ceased to be a director of Interfor, Ilim may not sell or otherwise transfer its Common Shares (other than a pledge to 
an acceptable third party lender) without the prior written consent of Interfor. 

TRANSFER AGENT 

The transfer agent for our Common Shares is Computershare Investor Services Inc. at its 
principal offices in Vancouver, British Columbia. 

MATERIAL CONTRACTS 

The following material contracts were entered into by the Company during or after 2016, or 
before 2016 but are still in effect: 

1.  First Amendment dated February 6, 2015, and Second Amendment dated February 23, 

2015, to the Asset Purchase Agreement between Simpson Lumber Company, LLC and 
Interfor U.S. Inc., amending the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 18, 2014, 
between Simpson Lumber Company, LLC and Interfor U.S. Inc. for the acquisition of 
four sawmills located in Meldrim, Georgia, Georgetown, South Carolina, Longview, 
Washington and Tacoma, Washington for total consideration of approximately US$94.7 
million, plus working capital and contingent future payments.  The transaction closed on 
March 1, 2015. 

 
 
 
 
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94 

2.  Interfor February 2016 Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated for reference 

February 9, 2016, between the Company, each of the lenders named therein and Royal 
Bank of Canada in its capacity as the arranger and agent, which extended the maturity 
of the Company’s US Operating Line and Revolving Term Line from February 27, 2017 
to May 19, 2019.  All other terms remained substantially unchanged except for an 
increase in the maximum ratio of total debt to total capitalization, which resulted in an 
increase in the maximum borrowing available under the credit agreement. 

3.  Second Amendment dated as of February 9, 2016 to Amended and Restated Note 

Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement dated as of March 16, 2015, between the 
Company and the Prudential Capital Group for a US$100 million term debt financing 
with Prudential Capital Group.  The senior secured notes carry an annual interest rate of 
4.17% and have a final maturity date of March 26, 2026.  The proceeds were used to 
reduce drawings under the Company’s bank credit facilities. 

All of these contracts are available on www.sedar.com. 

DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS 

Directors of the Company 

The following table sets out the Company’s directors as of February 9, 2017, their respective 
municipalities of residence, positions and offices held with the Company, principal occupations 
within the past five years and the period during which each director has served as a director: 

Name and 
Municipality of Residence 

Director 
Since 

Positions Held and Principal Occupations 

From 

To 

DUNCAN K. DAVIES  
Vancouver, BC, Canada 

November 
1998 

President and Chief Executive Officer  
Interfor Corporation 

2000 

Present 

PAUL HERBERT 
Germantown, TN, USA 

March  
2014 

Director 
Ilim Timber Incorporated, Ilim Timber Europe 
and Ener1 Inc., all private companies owned 
by a shareholder of Ilim Group, Russia’s 
largest forest pulp & paper company 

2013 

Present 

Chief Executive Officer 
Ilim Group 

2007 

2013 

JEANE HULL 
Sheridan, WY, USA 

May  
2014 

Director 
Cloud Peak Energy Inc. (NYSE: CLD) 

2017 

Present 

Executive Vice President and Chief Technical 
Officer 
Peabody Energy Corporation, a private-sector 
coal company 

2011 

2015 

PETER M. LYNCH 
Toronto, ON, Canada 

October  
2006 

Chair 
Dieffenbacher USA, Inc., a manufacturer and 
designer of press and forming systems 

2017 

Present 

President & CEO 
Dieffenbacher USA, Inc. 

2013 

2016 

Independent Business Consultant 

2010 

2013 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

Name and 
Municipality of Residence 

Director 
Since 

GORDON. H. MacDOUGALL 
West Vancouver, BC, Canada 

February  
2007 

J. EDDIE McMILLAN  
Pensacola, FL, USA 

THOMAS V. MILROY 
Toronto, ON, Canada 

October  
2006 

February  
2016 

95 

Positions Held and Principal Occupations 

From 

To 

Director 
Connor, Clark & Lunn Financial Group, an 
asset management company. 

2014 

Present 

Vice Chair 
Connor, Clark & Lunn Investment 
Management Ltd. 

Partner 
Connor, Clark & Lunn Investment 
Management Partnership 

2006 

2014 

1986 

2014 

Independent Business Consultant 

2002 

Present 

Director 
Restaurant Brands International Inc. 
(TSX/NYSE: QSR, TSX: QSP) 

Director 
Tim Hortons Inc. 

Managing Director 
Generation Capital Limited, a private 
investment company 

Chief Executive Officer 
BMO Capital Markets 

2014 

Present 

2013 

2014 

2015 

Present 

2008 

2014 

2017 

Present 

2014 

2016 

GILLIAN PLATT 
Kelowna, BC, Canada 

October 
2016 

Director 
CRH plc (LSE: CRH, ISE: CRG, NYSE: CRH), 
an Irish based building materials group 

Executive Vice President and Chief Human 
Resources Officer 
Finning International Inc., a distributor of 
Caterpillar products and support services 

E. LAWRENCE SAUDER 
Vancouver, BC, Canada 

April  
1984 

Principal 
Gillian Platt & Associates, executive advisory 
and coaching practice 

2013 

2014 

Executive Vice President, Human Resources 
Aviva North America, a multi-national 
insurance company 

2011 

2012 

Chair 
Metrie Canada Ltd. (formerly Sauder 
Industries Limited), a manufacturer and 
distributor of interior finishings 

Chief Executive Officer,  Metrie Canada Ltd. 
(formerly Sauder Industries Limited), a 
manufacturer and distributor of building 
products 

2010 

Present 

2010 

2014 

Chair Hardwoods Distribution Inc. (TSX: 
HWD), a distributor of wood products 

2008 

Present 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

Name and 
Municipality of Residence 

Director 
Since 

DOUGLAS W.G.  WHITEHEAD 
West Vancouver, BC, Canada 

April  
2007 

96 

Positions Held and Principal Occupations 

From 

To 

Director 
Finning International Inc. (TSX: FTT), a 
distributor of Caterpillar products and support 
services 

2008 

Present 

Director 
Belkorp Industries Inc. 

Director 
Kal Tire 

2000 

Present 

2012 

Present 

To our knowledge, two of the Company’s directors have in the last 10 years been an officer or 
director of a company that was subject to bankruptcy or similar proceedings or securities 
regulatory sanctions described in National Instrument 51-102 Continuous Disclosure 
Obligations while that person was acting in that capacity, or that resulted from an event that 
occurred while that person was acting in that capacity.  From 1993 to 2010, Mr. Lynch was an 
executive officer and director of Grant Forest Products Inc. (“Grant Forest”).  On June 25, 
2009, Grant Forest and certain affiliated entities filed and obtained protection under the 
Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act in order to restructure their business affairs and on 
November 27, 2015, Grant Forest filed for bankruptcy.  From April 2011 to July 31, 2015, Ms. 
Hull was the Executive Vice President and Chief Technical Officer of Peabody Energy 
Corporation (“Peabody”).  Peabody filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on April 13, 
2016. 

The term of office for all current directors will end at the conclusion of the next Annual General 
Meeting of the Company’s shareholders.  The next Annual General Meeting is scheduled for 
Thursday, May 4, 2017. 

Committees of the Board 

The table below lists the committees of Interfor’s board of directors and their members as of 
February 9, 2017: 

Committees 

Audit 

Corporate Governance & Nominating Committee 

Management Resources & Compensation Committee 

Environment & Safety Committee 

Members 

Douglas Whitehead (Chair) 
Jeane Hull 
Eddie McMillan 
Tom Milroy 

Eddie McMillan (Chair) 
Gord MacDougall 
Peter Lynch 
Paul Herbert 

Gord MacDougall (Chair) 
Lawrence Sauder 
Peter Lynch 
Gillian Platt 
Doug Whitehead 

Jeane Hull (Chair) 
Paul Herbert 
Tom Milroy 
Gillian Platt 
Lawrence Sauder 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Officers of the Company 

97 

The following table sets out the Company’s officers as of February 9, 2017, their respective 
municipalities of residence and their principal occupations for at least the last five years: 

Name and  
Municipality of Residence 

Positions Held and Principal Occupations 

From 

To 

DUNCAN K. DAVIES  
Vancouver, BC, Canada 

President & Chief Executive Officer 
Interfor Corporation 

JOHN A. HORNING  
West Vancouver, BC, Canada 

Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer  
Interfor Corporation 

Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer  
Interfor Corporation 

2000 

Present 

2014 

Present 

2002 

2014 

MARTIN L. JURAVSKY 
Toronto, ON, Canada 

Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategy 
Interfor Corporation 

2014 

Present 

Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategy 
Interfor Corporation 

2013 

2014 

Business Consultant 

IAN M. FILLINGER 
Kamloops, BC, Canada 

Senior Vice President, Head of Operations 
Interfor Corporation 

Senior Vice President, Canadian Operations 
Interfor Corporation 

Vice President, Canadian Operations 
Interfor Corporation 

Senior General Manager 
Interfor Corporation 

2012 

2013 

2015 

Present 

2014 

2015 

2013 

2014 

2013 

2013 

General Manager, Adams Lake & Coastal Manufacturing 
Interfor Corporation 

2012 

2013 

General Manager, Adams Lake Division 
Interfor Corporation 

MARK W. STOCK 
North Vancouver, BC, Canada 

Senior Vice President, Human Resources 
Interfor Corporation 

Vice President, Human Resources 
Interfor Corporation 

Vice President, Global Human Resources  
Tree Island Industries Ltd. 

BART BENDER 
West Vancouver, BC, Canada 

Senior Vice President, Sales & Marketing 
Interfor Corporation 

Senior Vice President, Operations 
Ainsworth Lumber Co. 

Vice President, Sales 
Ainsworth Lumber Co. 

General Manager, Sales 
Ainsworth Lumber Co. 

2005 

2012 

2014 

Present 

2012 

2014 

2007 

2012 

2015 

Present 

2014 

2015 

2012 

2014 

2002 

2012 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

XENIA KRITSOS 
Vancouver, BC, Canada 

General Counsel & Corporate Secretary 
Interfor Corporation 

General Counsel & Corporate Secretary 
Coalspur Mines Limited 

Senior Legal Counsel 
Hunter Dickinson Services Inc. 

98 

2015 

Present 

2013 

2015 

2009 

2013 

SHAREHOLDINGS OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS 

As at December 31, 2016, the directors and officers of the Company as a group owned, 
directly or indirectly, or exercised control of or direction over 921,657 Common Shares 
representing approximately 1.32% of the outstanding Common Shares.   

INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN MATERIAL TRANSACTIONS 

Since the commencement of our most recently completed financial year, and for the three 
most recently completed financial years, no director or executive officer of the Company, no 
person or company that is the direct or indirect beneficial owner of, or who exercises control or 
direction over, more than 10% of the Company’s voting securities or any associate or affiliate 
of such persons, has had any material interest in any transaction involving the Company.  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

We are not a party to, and our property is not the subject of, any material legal proceedings 
that took place in 2016, are currently underway, or which we know to be contemplated.  In 
November 2016, U.S. softwood lumber producers filed antidumping and countervailing duty 
petitions with the U.S. Department of Commerce (“DOC”), alleging that dumped and 
subsidized Canadian imports are causing material injury to the U.S. domestic industry.  
Although Interfor has not been selected as a mandatory respondent in either of the 
antidumping or countervailing duty investigations, the outcome of these investigations will 
likely affect Interfor. 

INTEREST OF EXPERTS 

KPMG LLP are the external auditors of the Company and have confirmed that they are 
independent with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Rules of Professional 
Conduct of Institute of Chartered Professional Accountants of British Columbia and the 
applicable rules and regulations thereunder. 

AUDIT COMMITTEE INFORMATION 

The Company’s Audit Committee (the "Committee") is mandated to oversee the accounting 
The Company’s Audit Committee (the "Committee") is mandated to oversee the accounting 
and financial reporting processes of the Company and audits of its financial statements in 
accordance with the Board’s objectives.  The Committee’s functions include:  

 

 

 

reviewing and, if appropriate, recommending approval by the Board of the Company’s 
annual and quarterly financial statements, management’s discussion and analysis and 
earnings press releases;  

reviewing and approving disclosures required to be included in the Company’s Annual 
Information Form and Management Information Circular relating to the Audit 
Committee and audit and non-audit services and fees;  

reviewing the process for certification, and the certification, of the interim and annual 
financial statements by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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99 

 

 

 

 

reviewing all public disclosure containing financial results or financial information; 

reviewing matters related to internal controls over financial reporting of the Company 
and ensuring the Company has adequate internal controls procedures in place; 

reviewing the principal risks of the Company, other than the risks associated with the 
Company’s compensation policies and practices, and ensuring that an effective risk 
management strategy is in place; 

reviewing the Company’s derivatives policies and activities, including details of 
exposures to banks and other counterparties; 

  overseeing the activities of and directly communicating with the Company’s external 

auditor; 

 

satisfying itself that adequate procedures are in place for the review of the public 
disclosure of financial information extracted or derived from the Company’s financial 
statements and periodically assessing the adequacy of those procedures;  

  establishing and periodically reviewing the policies and procedures for the receipt, 

retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, 
internal accounting controls or auditing matters, and the confidential, anonymous 
submissions by the employees of the Company regarding questionable accounting or 
auditing matters; 

 

 

reviewing and approving the Company’s hiring policies regarding partners, employees 
and former partners and employees of the former and present Auditor; and 

reviewing the Company’s insurance programs, including the Company’s directors’ and 
officers’ insurance coverage, and making recommendations for their renewal or 
replacement.  

The Committee’s Terms of Reference, attached as Appendix “A” to this Annual Information 
Form, sets out its duties and responsibilities. 

The Committee met four times in 2016, in conjunction with regularly scheduled Board 
meetings. 

Members’ Financial Literacy, Expertise and Simultaneous Service 

The board of directors has determined that the members of the Audit Committee during 2016 
were, and all current members of the Audit Committee are, financially literate and independent 
as defined in National Instrument 52-110 – Audit Committees.  The table below indicates the 
relevant education and experience of each member of the Audit Committee: 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

Relevant Education and Experience 

Director 

Past Occupation 

100 

Douglas W.G. 
Whitehead  

Chair of the Audit 
Committee since May 
2012 

Jeane Hull 

Member since April 2016 

Eddie McMillan 

Member since April 2016 

Tom Milroy 

Member since April 2016 

Mr. Whitehead is currently a director of Finning International Inc. (TSX: FTT) 
(“Finning”), Belkorp Industries Inc. and Kal Tire.  From 2008 to 2016 Mr. Whitehead 
was Board Chair, and from 2000 to 2008 he was the President and Chief Executive 
Officer, of Finning.  Prior to joining Finning, Mr. Whitehead held a number of senior 
executive positions with Fletcher Challenge Canada, including President and Chief 
Executive Officer, Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer and Vice President 
of the Crown Packaging Division.  Previously, he served as director of Inmet Mining 
Corporation, Ballard Power Systems Inc., Terasen Inc., Fletcher Challenge Canada, 
Finlay Forest Industries and Timberwest Forest Limited.  Mr. Whitehead holds a 
Bachelor of Applied Science (Engineering) from the University of British Columbia and a 
Master of Business Administration from the University of Western Ontario. 

Ms. Hull is currently a director of Cloud Peak Energy Inc. (NYSE: CLD).  From 2011 to 
2015, she was Executive Vice President and Chief Technical Officer at Peabody Energy 
Corporation, a private-sector coal company.  Prior to joining Peabody in 2007, she held 
numerous management, engineering and operations positions with Rio Tinto and its 
affiliates, lastly as COO of the Kennecott Utah Copper business.  Prior thereto, she 
spent 12 years with Mobil Mining and Minerals, and Mobil Chemical Company.  She is 
Chair of the University of Wyoming School of Energy Resources Council.  She also 
serves on the Advisory Board for South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. She 
holds a Bachelor of Science (Civil Eng.) from South Dakota School of Mines & 
Technology and a Master of Business Administration from Nova Southeastern 
University. 

Mr. McMillan is an independent business consultant. From 1998 until his retirement in 
2002, he was Executive Vice President – Wood Products Group of Willamette Industries 
Inc., a forest products company.  Prior to 1998, Mr. McMillan held various management 
positions with Willamette Industries Inc. Over the years, he has served as a director of 
Forest Express, Inc. and has been associated with numerous industry association 
boards, including the American Plywood Association, National Particleboard Association, 
Particleboard and MDF Institute, Southern Forest Products Association, Western Wood 
Products Association, National Association of Lumber Wholesalers and the American 
Forest and Paper Association.  He holds a Bachelor of Science (Accounting/Business 
Administration) from Louisiana Tech University. 

Mr. Milroy is a director of Restaurant Brands International Inc. (TSX/NYSE: QSR, TSX: 
QSP) and has served on that board since 2014.  Prior to that, he was a director of Tim 
Hortons Inc. from August 2013 to December 2014.  He is currently Managing Director 
of Generation Capital Limited, a private investment company.  From March 2008 to 
October 2014, he served as Chief Executive Officer of BMO Capital Markets, where he 
was responsible for all of BMO’s business involving corporate, institutional and 
government clients globally.  Mr. Milroy holds a Bachelor of Law and Master of Law 
from Cambridge University, an LLB from Dalhousie University, and a Bachelor of Arts 
from McGill University.  He has also completed the Advanced Management Program at 
the Harvard Business School.  Mr. Milroy is a member of the Law Society of Upper 
Canada. 

AUDIT FEES 

The Committee annually recommends the appointment of the Company’s external auditors and 
approves the annual audit plan and compensation of the external auditors for all audit, audit 
related and non-audit services.  In the case of non-audit services, the services and 
compensation are approved by the Committee before the services commence. 

 
 
 
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101 

KPMG LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, Vancouver, are the independent auditors of the 
Company.  Fees paid or accrued to KPMG LLP for audit and other services for the years ended 
December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2016, were as follows: 

Audit fees  
Fees billed for professional services rendered.  

Audit-related fees 
Audit-related fees consist principally of fees for professional services rendered 
with respect to audits of a defined benefit pension plan and subsidiary 
companies (2016 and 2015) and bought deal financing involvement (2015). 

Tax fees  
Tax fees consist of fees for tax compliance services, planning and related 
services, personal tax (foreign and domestic) compliance and planning advice, 
indirect tax recovery audit contingency fees which are based on percentage of 
recoveries (2016 and 2015), and advice on setup of Insurance Captive (2015).  

All Other fees  
Forestry certification (2016 and 2015); advice on leading practice for IT 
procurement (2015). 

TOTAL  

CODE OF ETHICS 

2016 

2015 

$538,200 

$581,256 

46,826 

183,738 

43,177 

88,731 

66,300 

99,800 

$694,503 

$953,525 

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees.  A copy 
of the code, entitled “Code of Conduct & Ethics”, can be found on our website at 
www.interfor.com. 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Additional information relating to the Company, including directors’ and officers’ remuneration 
and indebtedness, principal holders of the Company’s securities and securities authorized for 
issuance under equity compensation plans, is contained in the Company’s Information Circular 
for its most recent annual meeting of shareholders that involved the election of directors. 

Additional financial information about the Company is provided in the Company’s audited 
consolidated financial statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the year 
ended December 31, 2016. 

Copies of the documents referred to above and additional information relating to the Company 
are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, on the Company’s website www.interfor.com and 
may also be obtained upon request from:   

Interfor Corporation 

  General Counsel & Corporate Secretary 

3500-1055 Dunsmuir Street 
Vancouver, British Columbia  
Canada, V7X 1H7 
Telephone: 604 689 6800 
Facsimile:   604 689 6825 
E-mail:   corporatesecretary@interfor.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

PURPOSE  

Appendix “A” 

AUDIT COMMITTEE 
Terms of Reference 

102 

The Audit Committee has been established by the Board and under powers delegated to it by 
the  Board  is  mandated  to  oversee  the  accounting  and  financial  reporting  processes  of  the 
Company and audits of its financial statements in accordance with the Board Objective. 

COMPOSITION AND TERM OF OFFICE  

1. 

The Audit Committee shall consist of four or more Directors.   

2. 

3. 

4. 

All members of the Audit Committee shall be independent within the meaning of National 
Instrument 52-110 (“NI 52-110”). 

All  members  must  be  financially  literate  within  the  meaning  of  NI  52-110  or  become 
financially  literate  within  a  reasonable  period  following  appointment  and  at  least  one 
member should have accounting or related expertise. 

The  Chair  of  the  Audit  Committee  along  with  other  Audit  Committee  members  will  be 
appointed  annually  by  the  Board  following  the  AGM  to  hold  office  until  the  next  AGM, 
unless  any  member  becomes  unable  to  serve  or  is  removed  by  the  Board.    A  casual 
vacancy  may  be  filled  and  additional  members  may  be  appointed  at  any  time  by  the 
Board to hold office until the next AGM.   

5. 

A quorum shall consist of a simple majority. 

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES  

The  Audit  Committee  shall  perform  the  following  functions,  as  well  as  any  other  functions 
specifically authorized by the Board: 

Financial Disclosure, Risk Management and Internal Controls 

1. 

Review the following documents before the public disclosure of same by the Company, 
and, if appropriate, recommend approval by the Board of the Company’s: 

a.  annual and quarterly financial statements;  

b.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis; and 

c.  annual and interim earnings press releases. 

The review will involve direct discussions with Management and the Company’s external 
auditor (the “Auditor”), including an opportunity for an in-camera meeting with the 
Auditor independent of Management.  

2. 

Review and approve the disclosures required by applicable securities laws to be included 
in the Company’s Annual Information Form and Management Information Circular 
relating to the Audit Committee and audit and non-audit services and fees. 

 
 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

103 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

Review the process for certification of the interim and annual financial statements by the 
Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) and the certification 
made by the CEO and CFO. 

Review all news releases announcing financial results, containing financial information 
based on unreleased financial results or non-GAAP financial measures or providing 
earnings guidance, forward-looking financial information and future-oriented financial 
information or financial outlooks before the public disclosure of same by the Company. 

Review financial information contained in any prospectus, take-over bid circular, issuer 
bid circular, rights offering circular and any other document that the Audit Committee is 
to review before the public disclosure of same by the Company, and, if appropriate, 
recommend approval by the Board. 

Review matters related to internal controls over financial reporting of the Company and 
ensure the Company has adequate procedures in place in respect thereof.  Ensure that 
the necessary measures are taken to follow up suggestions from the Auditor’s reports. 

Review the principal risks of the Company, other than the risks associated with the 
Company’s compensation policies and practices, and ensure that an effective risk 
management strategy is in place. 

Review the Company’s derivatives policies and activities, including details of exposures to 
banks and other counterparties. 

External Auditor 

9. 

Review and recommend to the Board the appointment of the Auditor to be nominated for 
the purposes of preparing or issuing an Auditor’s report and performing other audit, 
review or attest services for the Company. 

10.  Establish the mandate of the Auditor, including the annual engagement, audit plan, audit 

scope and compensation for the audit services, subject to shareholder approval. 

11.  Oversee the activities of the Auditor.  The Auditor shall report directly to the Audit 

Committee. 

12.  Directly communicate and meet with the Auditor, with and without Management present, 

to discuss the results of their examinations. 

13.  Review the independence of the Auditor, any rotation of the partners assigned to the 

audit in accordance with applicable laws and professional standards, the internal quality 
control findings of the Auditor’s firm and peer reviews. 

14.  Review the performance of the Auditor, including the relationship between the Auditor 

and Management and the evaluation of the lead partner of the Auditor. 

15.  Resolve disagreements between Management and the Auditor regarding financial 

reporting. 

16.  Review material written communications between the Auditor and Management. 

 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

Non-Audit Services 

104 

17.  Pre-approve non-audit services.  The Audit Committee may delegate to one or more of 
its members the authority to pre-approve non-audit services.  The pre-approval of 
non-audit services by any member to whom authority has been delegated shall be 
presented to the Committee at its first scheduled meeting following such pre-approval. 

Company Policies 

18.  Satisfy itself that adequate procedures are in place for the review of the public disclosure 

of financial information extracted or derived from the Company’s financial statements 
and periodically assess the adequacy of those procedures. 

19.  Establish and periodically review the policies and procedures for the receipt, retention 
and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal 
accounting controls or auditing matters, and the confidential, anonymous submissions by 
the employees of the Company regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.  

20.  Review and approve the Company’s hiring policies regarding partners, employees and 

former partners and employees of the former and present Auditor. 

Insurance 

21.  Review the Company’s insurance programs, including the Company’s directors’ and 
officers’ insurance coverage, and make recommendations for their renewal or 
replacement. 

MEETINGS AND PROCEDURES 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

The Audit Committee shall meet a minimum of four (4) times per year and, subject to 
these Terms of Reference and applicable law, otherwise establish its procedures and 
govern itself as the members of the Audit Committee may see fit in order to carry out 
and fulfill its duties and responsibilities hereunder.  Extraordinary meetings of the Audit 
Committee may be called at the request of a member on the Audit Committee or the 
Chair of the Board to be held at such times and places as the person calling such meeting 
may determine.  

A majority of members of the Audit Committee will constitute a quorum (provided that a 
quorum shall not be less than two (2) members).  Decisions of the Audit Committee will 
be by an affirmative vote of the majority of those members of the Audit Committee 
voting at a meeting.  In the event of an equality of votes, the Chair will not have a 
casting or deciding vote.  The Audit Committee may also act by resolution in writing 
signed by all the members of the Audit Committee. 

The Audit Committee shall appoint a Secretary who shall keep minutes or other records 
of its meetings and proceedings.  

The Chair of the Audit Committee shall report to the Board at its next regular meeting 
the Audit Committee’s deliberations and recommendations, if any, requiring the Board’s 
approval. 

 
 
 
Annual Information Form 

____________________ 

OTHER MATTERS 

105 

1. 

2. 

The Audit Committee is authorized to engage any outside advisor it deems necessary to 
carry out its duties and responsibilities and to arrange payment of the advisor’s 
compensation by the Company.   

The Audit Committee may, at the request of the Board or at its own initiative, investigate 
such other matters as it considers appropriate in furtherance of the Audit Committee’s 
purpose. 

 
 
 
106 

GLOSSARY 

Unless otherwise noted, all financial references in this Annual Report are in Canadian Dollars. 

“Adjusted EBITDA” EBITDA excluding long term incentive compensation, other income (expense), 
Beaver sawmill post-closure wind-down costs and Tacoma sawmill post-acquisition losses and closure 
costs. 

“Adjusted Net Earnings” Net earnings (loss) before restructuring costs, asset write-downs and other 
costs, other foreign exchange gains (losses), long term incentive compensation, other income (expense), 
Beaver sawmill post-closure wind-down costs, Tacoma sawmill post-acquisition losses and closure costs, 
the income tax effect of the aforementioned adjustments, and recognition of previously unrecognized 
deferred tax assets. 

“Allowable Annual Cut (AAC)” The average annual volume of timber which the holder of a licence 
from the Province of British Columbia may harvest on Crown land under the licence in a five-year control 
period. 

 “Cash flow from operations” Cash flow provided by operating activities before considering changes in 
operating working capital. 

“Custom cutting” An arrangement under which a mill contracts to cut logs owned by a customer into 
products of specifications defined by the customer. 

“Crown” Administrative agency of the provincial government of British Columbia 

“EBITDA” Earnings before finance costs, income taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization, 
restructuring costs, asset write-downs and other costs, and other foreign exchange gains (losses). 

 “Forest Licence” Replaceable, volume-based timber cutting rights for a specific volume of Crown 
timber within a Timber Supply area. 

“Invested Capital” The total of Net debt and shareholders’ equity. 

“m³” A measure of one cubic metre of solid wood, British Columbia metric scale, as determined under 
the Forest Act, equal to 35.3 cubic feet of solid wood. 

“mfbm” or “Mbf” One thousand foot board measure equal to one thousand square feet of lumber, one 
inch thick. 

“Net debt” The total of long term debt and bank indebtedness, less cash and cash equivalents. 

“Pre-tax return on total assets” Earnings (loss) before income taxes, restructuring costs, asset write-
downs and other costs, other foreign exchange gains (losses) and other income (expense), divided by the 
average of opening and closing total assets for annual periods or by opening total assets for three month 
periods. 

“Silviculture” The art and science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health and 
quality of forests. 

“Stumpage” A charge assessed by the provincial government on all Crown timber harvested. 

“Sustained yield (sustainable log supply)” The yield that a forest area can produce on an ongoing 
basis without impairment of the long-term productivity of the land. 

“Timber Licence” Non-replaceable, area based, Crown timber cutting rights. 

“Tree Farm Licence” A renewable 25-year licence to manage a forest area to yield an annual harvest 
on a sustainable basis. 

“Value-added product” A commodity or other product that has been further processed to increase 
financial value. 

“Whitewood” Includes the Coastal species Hemlock, Balsam Fir, Douglas-Fir and Spruce; the term 
whitewood is used on the British Columbia Coast to differentiate the above species from Western Red 
Cedar and Yellow Cedar. 

 
 
 
DIRECTORS 

As of March 15, 2017 

Duncan K. Davies  

Vancouver, BC, Canada 

Jeane Hull 

Sheridan, WY, US 

Gordon H. MacDougall  

West Vancouver, BC, Canada 

Thomas V. Milroy 

Toronto, ON, Canada 

E. Lawrence Sauder  

Vancouver, BC, Canada 

OFFICERS 

As of March 15, 2017 

E. Lawrence Sauder 

Chair 

John A. Horning  

Executive Vice President &  
Chief Financial Officer 

Ian M. Fillinger 

107 

Paul Herbert 

Germantown, TN, US 

Peter M. Lynch  

Toronto, ON, Canada 

J. Eddie McMillan  

Pensacola, FL, US 

Gillian Platt 

Kelowna, BC, Canada 

Douglas W.G. Whitehead  

West Vancouver, BC, Canada 

Duncan K. Davies  

President & Chief Executive Officer 

Martin L. Juravsky 

Senior Vice President, Corporate  
Development & Strategy 

Mark W. Stock 

Senior Vice President, Head of Operations 

Senior Vice President, Human Resources 

Bart Bender 

Xenia Kritsos 

Senior Vice President, Sales & Marketing 

General Counsel & Corporate Secretary 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE INFORMATION  

Stock Exchange 
Common Shares listed on  
The Toronto Stock Exchange 
Symbol:  IFP 

Auditors 
KPMG LLP, Vancouver, BC 

Transfer Agent 
Computershare Investor  
Services Inc. 
Vancouver, BC and Toronto, ON 

108 

Investor Contact 
Martin Juravsky 
Senior Vice President,  
Corporate Development & Strategy 
Tel:  (604) 689-6873 
martin.juravsky@interfor.com 

Corporate Office  
Tel:  (604) 689-6800 
Fax: (604) 688-0313 
P.O. Box 49114 
3500-1055 Dunsmuir Street 
Vancouver, BC  V7X 1H7 

SALES AND MARKETING 

North America – Cedar  
Tel:  (604) 422-3400 
Fax: (604) 422-3244 
1600 - 4720 Kingsway 
Metrotower II 
Burnaby, BC, Canada  V5H 4N2 

North America – Southern 
Yellow Pine 
Tel:  (770) 282-3250 
Fax: (770) 486-6837 
700 Westpark Drive 
Peachtree City, GA, US  30269 

North America - Whitewood 
Tel:  (360) 788-2200 
Fax: (360) 788-2210 
2211 Rimland Drive, Suite 220 
Bellingham, WA, US 98226 

China 
Tel: +86-21-6333-6268 
Fax: +86-21-6333-6290 
Unit 1007, Tower No. 1 
No. 268 Zhongshan South Road 
Shanghai, 200010, China 

Japan 
Tel: 03-5641-2351 
Fax: 03-5641-2383 
Kasahara Bldg. 6F, 1-7-7 
Nihonbashi, Ningyocho, Chuo-ku 
Tokyo, Japan 103 - 0013 

Europe 
Tel: +33-2-40-32-05-25 
Fax: +33-2-40-32-02-25 
ZI Cheviré 
7 rue de l'Houmaille 
44340 BOUGUENAIS, France 

Export – All Species/Inquiries  
Tel:  (604) 422-3468 
Fax: (604) 422-3250 
1600-4720 Kingsway 
Metrotower II 
Burnaby, BC, Canada  V5H 4N2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATIONS AND LOCATIONS 

109 

Acorn Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:   (604) 581-0494 
Fax:  (604) 581-5757 
9355 Alaska Way  
Delta, BC  V4C 4R7 

Castlegar Division 
(Sawmill and Woodlands) 
Tel:   (250) 365-4400 
Fax:  (604) 422-3252 
P.O. Box 3728 
2705 Arrow Lakes Drive  
Castlegar, BC  V1N 3W4 

Eatonton Division  
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (706) 485-4271 
Fax: (706) 485-3879 
370 Dennis Station Road SW 
Eatonton, GA  31024 

Grand Forks Division 
(Sawmill and Woodlands) 
Tel:  (250) 443-2400 
Fax: (604) 422-3253 
P.O. Box 39 
570 68th Ave. 
Grand Forks, BC  V0H 1H0 

Meldrim Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (912) 748-7310 
Fax: (912) 748-8354 
911 Old River Road 
Bloomingdale, GA 31302 

Adams Lake Division 
(Sawmill and Woodlands) 
Tel:  (250) 679-3234 
Fax: (250) 679-3545 
9200 Holding Road 
Chase, BC  V0E 1M2 

Baxley Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (912) 367-3671 
Fax: (912) 367-1500 
1830 Golden Isles East 
Baxley, GA  31513 

Cedarprime 
(Remanufacturing) 
Tel:  (360) 988-2120  
Fax: (360) 988-2126 
601C West Front Street 
Sumas, WA  98295 

Coastal Woodlands Division  
(Woodlands) 
Tel:  (250) 286-1881 
Fax: (250) 286-3412 
1250A Ironwood Street 
Campbell River, BC  V9W 6H5 

Georgetown Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (843) 546-6138 
Fax: (843) 527-4033 
2701 Indian Hut Road 
Georgetown, SC 29440-9146 

Hammond Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (604) 465-5401 
Fax: (604) 422-3221 
20580 Maple Crescent 
Maple Ridge, BC  V2X 1B1 

Molalla Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (503) 829-9131 
Fax: (503) 829-5481 
15555 S. Hwy. 211 
Molalla, OR  97038 

Gilchrist Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (541) 433-2222 
Fax: (541) 433-9581 
P.O. Box 638 
#1 Sawmill Road  
Gilchrist, OR  97737 

Longview Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (360) 575-3600 
Fax: (360) 575-3628 
540 3rd Ave. 
Longview, WA 98632 

Monticello Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (870) 224-7200 
Fax: (870) 367-7924 
211 Old Troy Road 
Monticello, AR 71655 

Preston Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (229) 828-4265 
Fax: (229) 828-4370 
378 Tolleson Road 
Preston, GA  31824 

Perry Division 
(Sawmill & Remanufacturing) 
Tel:  (478) 987-2105 
Fax: (478) 987-5773 
903 Jernigan Street 
Perry, GA  31069-3435 

Port Angeles Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (360) 457-6266 
Fax: (360) 457-1486 
243701 Highway 101 West 
Port Angeles, WA  98363 

Swainsboro Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel: (912) 562-4441 
Fax: (912) 562-3621 
8796 Highway 297 
Swainsboro, GA  30401 

Thomaston Division 
(Sawmill) 
Tel:  (706) 648-4900 
Fax: (706) 646-3534 
75 Ben Hill Road 
Thomaston, GA  30286 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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