Quarterlytics / Energy / Coal / Kibo Energy PLC

Kibo Energy PLC

kibo · LSE Energy
Claim this profile
Ticker kibo
Exchange LSE
Sector Energy
Industry Coal
Employees 11-50
← All annual reports
FY2019 Annual Report · Kibo Energy PLC
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
KIBO ENERGY PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR  
THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CONTENTS 

CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

DIRECTORS REPORT 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED AND COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

ANNEXURE 1: HEADLINE EARNINGS PER SHARE 

1 

4 

9 

16 

27 

28 

32 

33 

34 

35 

36 

37 

38 

39 

48 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS: 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Louis Coetzee  
Noel O’Keeffe 
Andreas Lianos 
Lukas Maree 
Wenzel Kerremans 

Chairman (Non-Executive Director) 
Chief Executive Officer 
Technical Director (Non-Executive Director)  
Financial Director (Non-Executive Director)  
Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

COMPANY SECRETARY: 

Noel O’Keeffe 

REGISTERED OFFICE: 

17 Pembroke Street Upper 
Dublin 2, Ireland  

BUSINESS ADDRESS - IRELAND: 

Gray Office Park 
Galway Retail Park 
Headford Road 
Galway, Ireland 

th

BUSINESS ADDRESS - TANZANIA: 

 Floor, Golden Heights 

4
Chole Road, Masaki 
Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania 
Crowe Ireland

AUDITORS 

Marine House 
Clanwilliam PL 
Dublin 
D02 FY24 

STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING: 

SHARE REGISTRARS: 

London Stock Exchange: AIM - (Share code: KIBO) – Primary 
Johannesburg Stock Exchange: JSE Alt X - (Share Code: KBO) – Secondary 
Ireland & United Kingdom
Link Registrars Ltd  

2 Grand Canal Square 
Dublin 2 
D02 A342 
South Africa 
Link Market Services South Africa (Pty) Ltd  

PRINCIPAL BANKERS: 

JOINT BROKERS: 

th

 Floor 

13
19 Ameshoff Street 
Braamfontein 
South Africa 
Allied Irish Banks Plc

Tuam Road 
Galway 
Ireland 
ETX Capital Limited

One Broadgate 
London 
ECM 2QS 

I 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

SOLICITORS: 

As to Irish Law:
OBH Partners 

17 Pembroke Street Upper 
Dublin 2 
Ireland 
As to English Law: 
Druces LLP 

Salisbury House 
London Wall 
London EC2M 5PS 
As to Tanzanian Law: 
ENSafrica Tanzania Attorneys 

6th floor, International House 
cnr. Shaaban Robert Street and Garden Avenue 
PO BOX 7495 
Dar es Salaam 
Tanzania 
RFC Ambrian Limited

UK NOMINATED ADVISER: 

JSE DESIGNATED ADVISER: 

UK PUBLIC RELATIONS: 

WEBSITE: 

CONTACT: 

Level 28, QV1 Building 
250 St Georges Terrace 
Pert, WA 6000 
River Group

Unit 2, 211 Kloof Street 
Waterkloof 
Pretoria, South Africa 
St. Brides Partners Ltd

3 St. Michael’s Alley 
EC3V 9DS 

www.kibo.energy 

info@kibo.energy 

DATE OF INCORPORATION: 

  17 January 2008 

REGISTERED NUMBER: 

  451931 

II 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

2019  was  a  year  of  consolidation  for  the  Company  following  key  acquisitions  during  2018  which  included  the 
Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power Project (“MCIPP” or “Mabesekwa Project”) in Botswana, the Benga Power Plant 
Project (“BPPP” or “Benga Project”) in Mozambique, and a 60% equity interest in Mast Energy Developments Limited 
(“MED”) in the UK. These projects together with our legacy Mbeya Coal to Power Project in Tanzania have positioned 
the Company to be a global energy developer with a pipeline of projects which have seen steady development progress 
during  2019  and  early  2020.  A  key  focus  of  our  strategy  during  2019  was  to  aggressively  pursue  options  to 
incorporate sustainable technologies and climate change mitigation measures in all our project development plans. 
We believe that coal fired power plants that incorporate clean coal burning technologies and other greenhouse gas 
emission containment measures will  play a significant role in addressing Africa’s and the World’s increasing demand 
for  reliable,  sustainable  and  affordable  electricity  in  the  transition  away  from  fossil  fuels.  However,  we  do  not 
underestimate  the  urgency  to  transition  from  fossil  fuels  and  in  this  context  the  Company  is  embarking  on  an 
innovative  strategy  with  its  partners  in  Africa  to  co-locate  solar  generation  plants  and  long  term  battery  storage 
capacity with its coal fired power plants in order to balance base load power output and begin the transition. Our 
ultimate aim is to phase out coal fired electricity generation over the long term at our projects commensurate with 
technology advances in renewable generation and energy storage. 

In addition to our existing strong collaboration and partner agreements with SEPCOIII, GE and ABSA who share our 
vision for the development of our coal projects with integrated sustainable technologies, we signed two further critical 
collaboration agreement during 2019. The first of these is with US energy storage technology company, ESS Tech Inc., 
a leading innovator in the development of high capacity long life batteries to facilitate renewable power storage. As a 
preferred technology partner, ESS will support and advise Kibo on the installation of renewable power at its African 
project sites which will enhance the Company’s ability to secure funding and negotiate power purchase agreements 
as well as generating new project opportunities. ESS is already partnering with USAID division, Power Africa, which 
is implementing an ambitious programme to expand access to grid connectivity throughout sub-Saharan Africa. The 
second collaboration agreement is with the German company, STEAG Energy Services, a major international operator 
with  80  years’  experience  in  engineering,  construction,  and  operation  of  power  plants.  Significantly,  STEAG’s 
proprietary technologies are not just focussed on coal but span renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and 
battery  storage.  This  is  a  significant  partnership  for  Kibo  as  it  puts  STEAG’s  proven  experience  in  power  plant 
development and management at our disposal but most significantly enables the Company, in conjunction with ESS’s 
battery technology, to implement sustainable energy solutions at its coal projects in line with its corporate strategy. 

I will give a brief overview and assessment of Company activities during 2019 below and further details on individual 
projects and corporate activity including recent developments (2020 to date) can be found in the Review of Activities 
section below. 
Operations 

On the operations front, we are making good progress on our African project portfolio but understandably, patience 
is required as we navigate the challenge of operating in three different countries with individual governments, local 
and international JV partners and various collaborators. Highlights of 2019 include the securing of  mining rights in 
Tanzania for the coal deposit (Rukwa deposit) that underpins our Mbeya Coal to Power Project (“MCPP”), completion 
of a positive definitive feasibility study, base case financial model and off-take term sheets for the Benga Project in 
Mozambique and restructuring of our interest in the Mabesekwa Project in Botswana.  

Our strategy in the UK for the acquisition and development of gas fired reserve generation plants, managed through 
our 60% owned subsidiary Mast Energy Developments Ltd (“MED”) has progressed rapidly during 2019 with the first 
of these, Bordersley Power, in development. The commissioning of Bordersley will mark Kibo’s first revenue stream 
and we are confident that it represents the first of a number of other reserve power plants in the Mast pipeline which 
are being developed in collaboration with key partners to come on-stream over the next 18 months. In fast-tracking 
the development of Bordersley, MED has secured critical operational and collaboration agreements  with  Statkraft 
Markets, A.B. Energy and Balance Power Projects which in addition to providing for the successful commissioning and 
long term operation of Bordersley, also provide a foundation for the expedient delivery and fast track commissioning 
of a pipeline of reserve power plants to achieve our target of 100 MW of reserve power in the short to medium term. 
We  are  confident  that  the  market  model,  business  collaborations  and  experience  of  successfully  developing  these 
plants in the UK can provide a template for the future introduction to the African continent to and complement our 
existing coal to power projects in due course.  

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

Corporate  

On the corporate front we have continued to seek opportunities for funding and restructuring our asset portfolios to 
ensure we have laid the financial groundwork to enable project funding of our near term development projects and 
to  generate  a  pipeline  of  other  revenue  generating  opportunities.  As  you  are  no  doubt  acutely  aware,  the  non-
qualification of our Tanzanian project, the MCPP, as a preferred participant in a tender process for supply of thermal 
coal power in Tanzania in early 2019, was a major disappointment and the knock on effect on our share price has  
made funding challenging during 2019 and into 2020.  We completed an underwritten placing with warrants attached 
in October 2019 that included the settlement of certain creditor invoices for a total placing subscription amount of   
£1.99  million,  comprising  the  issue  of  442,222,280  shares  at  a  price  of  £0.0045  each.    The  placing  proceeds  have 
enabled us to continue with our project development plans and ongoing working capital requirements to date. A total 
of  663,333,420  placing  warrants  exercisable  at  0.8p  and  1p  were  attached  to  the  shares  which  we  believe  are 
attractively priced. The warrants have exercise periods of 18 months and 36 months (date of warrant instruments is 
3 December 2019) and, if exercised over these periods, can contribute to our medium term funding requirements. In 
addition  we  issued  an  additional  175,022,729  shares  during  2019  at  prices  ranging  from  0.45p  to  5.25p.  These 
comprised share issues to contractors & suppliers in lieu of payments, to Sanderson Capital Partners for buy out of 
their residual interest in the MCPP and to the minority shareholder in MED as acquisition costs for 100% equity and 
economic interest in Bordersley.  

Thinking longer term, we signed an engagement letter with Wimmer Financial LLP for the provision and structuring 
of up to USD 900 million in debt financing for our African coal and power projects in April. Discussions with Wimmer 
are ongoing towards the negotiation of a definitive agreement.  I am pleased to commend management on the re-
organisation of our coal assets and joint venture structure in Botswana announced in September 2019 which is a very 
positive  development  for  the  Company.  This  is  a  major  transaction  which  when  fully  implemented  will  give  us 
exposure to revenues from a large coal resource and from two coal to power thermal projects. This transaction is 
further discussed in the review of activities section below. 

We continued our  investment in Katoro Gold PLC during 2019  and supported our majority holding by subscribing to 
its  October  2019  placing  for  1.8  million  shares  issued  at  a  price  of  1p  (£18,000)  and  subsequently  exercising  the 
warrants attached to these shares in  at their exercise price of 1.5p and receiving an additional  1.8 million shares in 
February 2020.  Our current equity interest in Katoro at the date of this report is 29.70%. We believe our investment 
in Katoro is well judged considering its announcement of entering a strategic gold production agreement in South 
Africa in January 2020 and the successful arrangement of a convertible loan note for £397,000 to fund the initial cost 
of the project financing. We believe that this opportunity, which is focussed on the re-processing of a 1.34 million 
ounce (JORC-Compliant) tailings resource, demonstrates strong economic fundamentals and are confident that it can 
create considerable value for both Katoro and Kibo shareholders together, as can Katoro’s other projects in Tanzania. 
(Refer to Katoro’s website www.katorogold.com for further details on all Katoro’s projects and resource statements). 

The  result  for  the  reporting  period  amounted  to  a  loss  of  £3,903,116  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2019  (31 
December 2018: £4,036,713) as detailed further in the Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income. 
Covid 19 Update 

I am writing this Chairman’s Statement in the middle of the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic which in addition to 
the ongoing health concerns  is  having a major negative impact on the global economy. Kibo’s primary concern at the 
moment is for the health and welfare its employees, contractors and their families across the various countries in 
which it operates in this difficult period and is endeavouring to support them as much as possible at this difficult time. 
Like most businesses Kibo is not immune from the economic and business disruption impact of the pandemic and has 
in  place  a  business  continuity  programme  to  ensure  essential  business  processes  and  its  obligations  as  a  publicly 
listed company continue to  be met. Inevitably,  there is  disruption to  normal operations and we have experienced 
delays in meeting some of our anticipated project development targets, as I have outlined earlier, and this will be 
further discussed in the Review of Activities section below. 

I am glad to report that in recent months, lockdown restrictions and other COVID-19 related measures are slowly 
being lifted and Kibo has begun to resume operations on all fronts. The Company is sensitive to the continued volatility 
with respect to COVID-19 and will continue to closely monitor it in the various countries in which it operates to enable 
it to prioritise the health and well-being of all its stakeholders. I believe our project portfolio remains robust and we 
look forward to increasing our operations to normal levels over the remainder of 2020 and during 2021 when the 
COVID pandemic abates. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

I  would  like  to  thank  our  Board  and  especially  our  management  under  the  leadership  of  our  CEO  Louis  Coetzee, 
particularly for their efforts in guiding the Company through this  challenging period.  I know that they will continue 
to provide the skill and dedication to realise our strategy of becoming a successful global developer of sustainable 
energy projects in this transitional phase from fossil fuels to renewable energy generation. 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
_____________________________ 
Chairman 

22 September 2020

3 

 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

Introduction 

During  2019  Kibo  Energy  PLC  (“Kibo”  or  the  “Company”)  continued  to  advance  its  African  energy  projects  in 
Mozambique, Botswana and Tanzania. In the UK, the Company’s first small scale gas fired generator is shortly to come 
on stream following fast-track development work and the securing of key partner agreements during 2019.  MED is 
now  poised  to  build  significantly  on  this  first  near-term  production  asset  with  the  signing  of  an  agreement  with 
Balance Power Limited to source and evaluate a portfolio of additional sites for reserve power generation. 
Mozambique – Benga Power Plant Project (“BPPP” or “Benga Project”) 

Kibo continued to make good progress on the Benga Project during 2019 by completing some key project studies and 
advancing commercial documents critical to the success of the project.  The Company holds a 65% interest in the 
project (35% held by local company Termoeléctrica de Benga) which is located in the Tete province of Mozambique. 
A definitive feasibility study (“DFS”) for the project was announced by the Company in March and presented to the 
Mozambique state-owned electric utility operator EDM in May where it was well received and formed the basis for 
further negotiation on power purchase agreements with both EDM and other parties. This was followed in June with 
the  announcement  of  completion  of  a  base  case  financial  model  for  the  project  which  demonstrated  its  economic 
viability under the Base Case DFS. The Environmental Impact Study (EIS) is currently underway. 

The positive outcomes from the DFS and the base case financial model gave renewed impetus to negotiations with 
potential feedstock suppliers and power off-takers for the Benga Project and this resulted in two key term sheets 
being agreed with major local operator Vale Mozambique in September 2019. The first was a Power Purchase Term 
Sheet for Vale to purchase 37% of the power from the phase 1 generation at the BPPP and the second comprised a 
Coal Supply Term Sheet for Vale to supply 100% of the coal feedstock to the BPPP over its modelled 25 year life cycle. 
These term sheets, which are non-binding, pave the way for the signing of definitive power purchase and coal supply 
agreements between Kibo and Vale as well as for closer cooperation between the companies to optimise operational 
synergies from their respective mining and power generation activities in  Mozambique. 

Kibo enjoys a strong relationship with Electricidade de Moçambique (“EDM”), the state-owned electricity generation 
and  transmission  Company,  formalised  through  a  Memorandum  of  Understanding  (“MoA”).  This  records    EDM’s 
support for the BPPP and commitment to collaborate on the project with Kibo as it progresses towards financial close. 
Both  parties’  objectives  are  aligned  in  recognising  the  urgency  to  address  Mozambique’s  electricity  generation 
overdependence on hydro power; the solution  being to use its abundant coal resources  in a sustainable manner to 
generate base load power using  the latest clean coal burning  technology and modern plant design, augmented  by 
renewable generation capacity. In support of this the MoA provides for the negotiation of a power purchase agreement 
(“PPA”)  with  Kibo  whereby  EDM  would  become  the  anchor  off-taker  for  the  power,  assist  in  finalising  project 
financing and in negotiating related commercial contracts. All of these aspects of the proposed BPPP development 
were further advanced in co-operation with EDM during 2019.  

The momentum behind the Benga Project has been maintained during 2020 to date with the acquisition of additional 
land increasing the project site by 345 hectares, the signing of a new MoU with EDM and entering binding term sheet 
to negotiate a PPA with Baobab Resources Ltd (“Baobab”) to supply c.200 MW energy to its Tete Steel and Vanadium 
Project  in  Mozambique.  The  increased  Benga  site  footprint  will  accommodate  the  planned  co-located  renewable 
energy generation and storage infrastructure planned for the site. The new MoU with EDM reflects the progress that 
Kibo has made to date with the Benga project and the deepening relationship with EDM, who see the project as a key 
part of its mandate to accelerate the development of electricity infrastructure in Mozambique. The Baobab term sheet 
provides  for  exclusive  negotiation  with  Kibo  on  the  PPA  and  as  these  negotiations  are  at  an  advanced  stage,  the 
Company anticipates signing of a final PPA before the end of Q3 2020. Contingent on finalisation of this PPA, Baobab 
is expected to be the second electricity off-taker (with EDM) from the Benga Project. 

The  Company’s  strategy  of  sustainable  energy  development  received  a  major  boost  in  July  2019  with  the 
announcement of a Collaboration Agreement  with  STEAG Energy Services (“STEAG”), a global independent  power 
producer with 80 years of experience in engineering, construction and operation of power plants. STEAG’s advanced  
proprietary generation technologies covers not just fossil fuels;  it also  extends across renewables such as solar, wind 
and  biomass,  as  well  as  encompassing  battery  storage  solutions.  This  expertise  should  prove  invaluable  to  Kibo 
particularly in its strategy of developing sustainable energy solutions by incorporating co-located renewable energy 
generation and storage with base load coal fired generation. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

The  Company  is  actively  working  on  incorporating  renewable  energy  technologies,  in  particular  around  solar 
generation, at the Benga Project initially, as proof of concept before extending  them to other projects.  It is working 
closely with STEAG and its other partners to see how this can be best achieved to create an integrated fossil fuel-solar 
power generation plant using the latest developments  in clean coal burning technology, solar generation and battery 
storage; transitioning to 100% renewable generation in the long term. 
Botswana - Mabesekwa Project (“MCIPP” or “Mabesekwa Project”) 

Kibo negotiated a major re-structuring and expansion of its Botswana energy asset holdings during September 2019 
in collaboration with Shumba Energy Limited, of which its joint venture partner Sechaba Natural Resources is a wholly 
owned subsidiary. The binding Heads of Agreement (“the Agreement”) sees Kibo re-arrange its interest in the 761 Mt 
Mabesekwa Coal Resource from an 85% interest in a 303 Mt subset of the Resource to a 35% interest in the total 
resource, maintain its 85% interests in the existing MCIPP project (referred to as KP 2) for the development of a 300 
MW coal to power plant and participate as a 35%-40% partner with Shumba for the development of a second 300 
MW power plant (referred to as KP 1)with electricity output directed solely to a petrochemical plant being developed 
by Shumba and other parties. The Agreement requires various shareholder, joint development, power purchase and 
coal  sale  agreements  to  be  signed  between  Kibo,  Shumba  and  their  participating  subsidiaries  to  finalise  the 
arrangement. The first of these, a shareholder agreement between Shumba and Kibo was signed in December 2019 
and completes the first step in re-arranging both parties interest in joint venture company, Kibo Energy Botswana 
(Pty) Limited as 65% and 35% respectively. As Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd (“KEB”) holds the 761 Mt Mabesekwa 
Coal  Resource*  both  parties  attributive  interest  in  the  resource  is  correspondingly  split  according  to  these 
percentages also. 

This  restructuring  of  its  Botswana  interests  provides  Kibo  with  the  opportunity  to  participate  in  three  separate 
revenue streams from coal sales from the Mabesekwa Coal Resource as follows: 

• 

• 

• 

Coal sales to the KP 1 power plant estimated at 1.5 million tonnes per year  

Coal sales to the KP 2 power plant estimated at 1.5 million tonnes per year 

Coal sales to the petrochemical plant which will require 4.5 million tonnes per year 

In additional to participating in coal stream revenues Kibo will also participate in electricity sale revenues pro rata to 
its 35%-40% interest in KP1 (exact interest yet to be agreed)  and 85% interest in KP2. 

The electricity generated from the KP1 plant will be solely dedicated towards powering a planned petrochemical plant 
while electricity  from the KP 2 plant (MCIPP) is anticipated for sale into the Botswana national grid and onward sale 
to  South  Africa  under  power  purchase  agreements  yet  to  be  negotiated.  The  petrochemical  plant  which  is  being 
developed by Shumba (80% beneficial interest) and other parties will process raw coal for the production of energy 
fuels and speciality chemicals for local and international sale. Significantly, Kibo’s development cost exposure to these 
power plant developments is confined to its existing commitments with regard to KP 2. Shumba will be responsible 
for the full funding of a definitive feasibility study for the KP 1 plant. 

Unfortunately the COVID-19 pandemic is impacting on the finalisation of the outstanding shareholder, coal sale and 
power purchase agreements pertaining to the finalisation of the restructuring of Kibo’s Botswana energy assets. This 
was  anticipated  to  be  completed  by  20  March  2019  under  the  terms  of  the  binding  Heads  of  Agreement  signed 
between the Company, Shumba and their relevant subsidiaries in September 2019. By mutual consent, this long-stop 
date has been extended and all parties are working diligently to complete the process.  

KEB’s mining licence application over the Mabesekwa Coal Resource was submitted to the Botswana Department of 
Mines in late 2018 and is still going through due process. The recent structuring has necessitated some additional 
modifications  to  the  application  but  the  Company  is  working  closely  with  the  Botswana  authorities  and  its  joint 
venture partner to ensure the application is progressing smoothly and in step with its overall project development 
schedule. 

A pre-feasibility study on the coal mining element together with a scoping study for the construction of the power 
plant has already been completed by Sechaba. Water and land use permits and environmental certification are also 
already in place at the site. 

*The Company confirms that there has been no material change to the Mabesekwa Coal Resource since the Coal Resource estimate 
5 
was first published as part of the announcement dated 21 June 2018 which is available on its website www.kibo.energy 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

Tanzania – Mbeya Project (“MCPP” or “Mbeya Project”) 

Following the disappointing news in February 2019  that the MCPP had not pre-qualified from a TANESCO (Tanzanian 
state electrical utility) tender round to compete further for selection as an independent coal to power producer to the 
domestic  market,  the  company  has  quickly  moved  to  consolidate  and  further  explore  other  options  for  the 
commercialisation of its coal asset. This asset comprises a 120 mt Coal Resource** for  which a positive feasibility 
study for the supply of coal to a co-located thermal power plant was completed in 2017. In March it assumed a 100% 
interest in the MCPP by buying out the residual 2.5% interest held by Sanderson Capital Partners subject to retention 
by Sanderson of a small royalty of 0.3% of future operating profits of any coal mine development.  This royalty is 
capped at a maximum of GBP 2 million and an annual coal production of 1.5 million tonnes per annum over a mine 
life of 25 years. This consolidation of the project was followed In April with the announcement that TANESCO had 
formally  advised  the  company  that  it  could  develop  the  MCPP  for  the  export  power  market  to  coincide  with  the 
implementation of power connectors through Zambia, Tanzania and Kenya enabling power trade within the Eastern 
African Power Pool and Southern African Power Pool member countries.  

The commitment of the Tanzania authorities to the development of the MCPP was further enhanced in August when 
the Company  was granted seven mining  rights  over the coal resource that will provide feedstock to the proposed 
MCPP thermal power plant and this was followed in September with the renewal of water rights thus ensuring that 
the MCPP Environmental Impact Assessment certification continues to remain valid. 

The  Company  remains  committed  to  the  development  of  the  MCPP  and  will  continue  to  work  closely  with  the 
Tanzanian Government, partners and other stakeholders to identify and investigate new commercial opportunities 
both  within  Tanzania  and  regionally.  Opportunities  already  identified  include  the  export  power  market  identified 
above,  sale  of  coal  to  local  and  export  markets  and  coal  to  gas  conversion.  The  Company  is  keeping  political 
developments and evolving energy policy in Tanzania under review and believes other opportunities may arise for 
the MCPP to be developed to serve the domestic power market, either supplying electricity to the national grid or to 
private off-takers. 

**Kibo confirms that there has been no material change to the Mbeya Coal Resource since the Coal Resource estimate was first 
published as part of the RNS dated 11 April 2016 which is available on its website www.kibo.energy. 
United Kingdom - Mast Energy Developments Limited (“MED”) 

Kibo’s 60% UK subsidiary, MED made significant progress during 2019 in the UK Reserve Power generation market 
the highlight of which was the acquisition and development of the Bordersley power plant located near Birmingham. 
Originally, scheduled for commissioning by the end of Q2 2020, progress has been delayed by the impact of the COVID-
19 pandemic and we now anticipate that it will come into production before the end of 2020.   Kibo acquired a 100% 
interest  in  Bordersley  from  MED  in  a  corporate  transaction  completed  in  June  2019  and  is  now  set  to  receive  all 
revenues from the plant when it comes into production (MED continues to manage the development of Bordersley on 
behalf  of  Kibo).    Bordersley  comprises  a  5  MW  gas  fired  power  plant  supported  by  a  five  year  power  purchase 
agreement  between  MED  and  Statkraft  Markets  GmbH  to  manage  the  gas  input  to  the  plant  and  the  electricity 
generated. Statkraft is a major player in the European  energy trading exchanges as well as being Europe’s largest 
producer of renewable energy. 

Bordersley marks Kibo and MED’s first production asset in this rapidly growing segment of the UK energy market 
which has emerged in recent years to help balance base load power on the UK grid due to the increasing contribution 
of renewables, particularly wind, to total output power. In anticipation of increasing demand for flexible power output 
from small power plants like Bordersley, MED has concluded a number of option and collaboration agreements with 
various parties during 2019 towards developing a pipeline of projects similar to Bordersley’s.   

A notable achievement in this regard was a Joint Development Agreement signed between MED and A.B. Impianti 
S.R.L  (“Impianti”)  in  October  2019  which  gives  MED  access  to  Impianti’s  EPC  competencies,  proprietary  power 
generation equipment and funding solutions for Impianti approved projects. AB is a subsidiary of the AB Group, a 
global leader in engineering, manufacture, and after sales service of Combined Heat and Power generation solutions, 
which is present in 19 countries and has installed over 1,600 MW in over 1,250 plants.  

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

Working with Impianti, good progress towards de-risking Bordersley is being made with an agreed site work scope, 
advanced  Engineering,  Procurement,  and  Construction  ('EPC')  and  an  associated  financing  agreement  for 
Bordersley's  construction  and  commissioning  all  at  an  advanced  stage.  The  project  received  a  welcome  boost  in 
October 2019 where it conditionally prequalified to participate in the recently introduced electricity Capacity Market 
scheme by the UK Government. The CM scheme plans for security of UK electricity supply by providing a payment for 
reliable sources of capacity, such as Bordersley, alongside their electricity revenues, to ensure they deliver energy 
when  needed.  Should  Bordersley  qualify  and  participate  in  the  auction  phase  it  could  be  in  line  to  win  a  15-year 
capacity market contract which if successful, could significantly improve the financial returns of the project. 

MED’s  strategy  to  develop  a  pipeline  of  reserve  power  projects  towards  meeting  its  100  MW    target  received  a 
considerable boost in December 2019 with the signing of an agreement with Balance Power Projects Development 
Limited (“Balance Power”), a UK based developer of gas-based peak power plants from whom MED already acquired  
Bordersley. Balance have agreed under a site development agreement with MED to identify on its behalf suitable sites, 
carry out  feasibility analysis and contingent on MED’s agreement, prepare the sites for plant development. Each site 
so identified for development will be placed in a Special Purpose Vehicle (“SPV”) i.e. a dedicated project company 
which will be held 100% by MED. 

As noted earlier, the on-set of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has impacted on-site operations at Bordersley 
and delayed MED’s anticipated commissioning date for the plant by the end of Q1 2020. Operations  recommenced at 
Bordersley as of  May 2020 albeit at a slower pace consistent with the implementation of required safety measures 
and  in  line  with  the  latest  UK  Government  guidelines.  During  2020  to  date,  notwithstanding  the  delay  to  the 
Bordersley, MED has advanced discussions with a number of funding entities for multi-million investment to advance 
its  long term strategy to simultaneously develop in excess of 20 reserve power  plants  with  up to 300 MW generating 
capacity from its prospective “shovel ready” portfolio.  
Corporate 

During 2019, the Company continued its engagement with existing and potential new partners in evaluating project 
funding options in anticipation of financial close on all its projects. A Strategic Development Agreement with SEPCOIII 
first announced  in 2018, which provided for equity investment in Kibo, was impacted by the announcement of the  
non-qualification  of  the  Company’s  MCPP  project  to  participate  in  a  Tanzanian  tender  round  for  coal  to  power 
generation.  Completion  of  the  SDA  has  been  deferred  by  mutual  agreement,  but  discussions  are  continuing.  The 
Company continues to have a close relationship with SEPCOIII who holds the contract for the construction of the MCPP 
power  plant  and  discussions  are  continuing  commensurate  with  the  Company’s  efforts  to  develop  alternative 
commercialisation options for the project. 

In April 2019 the Company signed an engagement letter with UK based private  investment bank, Wimmer Financial 
LLP, for the provision and structuring  of  an up to USD 900 million debt financing package for the development of all 
the Company’s African coal projects save for the MCPP where Wimmer will not enjoy exclusivity on  project funding.  

Kibo  undertook  one  underwriter  sponsored  placing  during  2019  and  raised  £1.5  million  through  the  issue  of 
333,333,333 shares at a  price of £0.0045 per share.  The placing  was accompanied  by a mutually agreed payment 
arrangement  with  certain  service  providers,  suppliers  and  other  creditors  which  comprised  the  issue  of  a  further 
108,888,947 shares at the placing price in payment of outstanding invoices for a  total of £490,000. Each share issued 
in the Placing and the funding arrangement had two warrants attached;  one warrant exercisable at 0.8p per share for 
the period of 18 months from the date of issue and half a warrant exercisable at 1p per share for the period of 36 
months from the date of issue. In total 663,333,420 warrants were issued. 

In  addition  to  the  Placing,  the  Company  also  issued  an  additional  175,062,729  shares  in  respect  of  payments  to 
contractors (10,518,741), to Sanderson Capital Partners in respect of buy-back of its residual 2.5% interest in the 
MCPP (126,436,782) and to the minority shareholder in MED, St Anderton on Vaal, in respect of payments under the 
terms of the acquisition agreement for Bordersley (38,067,206). At its AGM in September 2019 resolutions were also 
passed to effect a subdivision of its share capital the net effect of which was to reduce the nominal value of its ordinary 
shares from €0.015 to €0.001 and create an additional class of Deferred Share (2019 Deferred Share) in the amount 
of 805,053,818. The number of ordinary shares (publicly listed on AIM & the JSE) was not affected by the subdivision 
save that the ceiling on the authorised share capital was raised from €1 million to €2 million. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

During 2020, financing initiatives for the Kibo Group have, not surprisingly, been impacted and delayed by the on-
going COVID 19 pandemic.  In June we held an EGM where we laid proposals before shareholders for a share capital 
reorganisation to make the  Company more attractive to funders, settle with creditors and enable funding  options 
being  considered  at  the  time  to  be  implemented.  While  we  did  not  receive  sufficient  support  at  the  EGM  for  key 
resolutions to allow us proceed with the proposals, we have since, following internal board discussion and discussions 
with  advisors  and  some  major  shareholders,  proceeded  to  secure  a  £1  million  facility  (“the  Facility”)  from  a 
consortium  of  lenders.  The  Facility,  in  the  form  of  a  convertible  loan  note  issued  by  Kibo,  will  provide  sufficient 
working capital to allow us proceed with reaching key development milestones, particularly for the Benga and MED 
projects over the next twelve months. I am glad to report that at an  EGM held on 24 August 2020, shareholders have 
approved resolutions to increase the authorised share capital which we required in order to be able to fully avail of 
the Facility and meet all related funding costs. 

During 2020 to date, we have issued an additional 135,526,399 shares comprising 29,214,110 to contractors & service 
providers for agreed invoice payments at share prices of 0.45p & 0.2p; 8,000,000 as final payment to MED with regard 
to acquisition costs for Bordersley, at a share price of 5.25p;  and 98,312,289 shares in payment of first drawdown 
fees, legal fee, arrangement fee and issue of conversion shares with regard to the Facility at share prices ranging from 
0.22p to 0.27p.  

The Company appointed ETX Capital as its joint broker in November 2019 to replace SVS Securities who were placed 
in  Special  Administration  in  August  2019.  Following  termination  of  First  Equity  Limited’s  engagement  with  the 
Company in early 2020, ETX are now the Kibo’s sole corporate broker under AIM Rule 35. 

Louis Coetzee 
_______________________________ 
Chief Executive Officer 

22 September 2020

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The Kibo board (the “Board”) aims to conform to its statutory responsibilities and industry good practice in relation 
to corporate governance of Kibo Energy PLC (“Kibo” or the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (together with Kibo, the 
“Group”). The Board has adopted the latest version of the QCA Corporate Governance Code (2018) (“QCA Code”) and 
endeavours to follow its ten principles (“the Principles”) with due regard to the stage of development of the Company. 
The  Company  also  seeks  guidance  from  its  Nomad  on  recommended  best  corporate  governance  practice  for  AIM 
companies. 

In addition to my role as non-executive chairman of the Board, I am also the chairman of the Company’s Governance 
Committee and retain primary responsibility for the design, implementation, articulation, review and updates of the 
Company’s  corporate  governance  policy.  The  Governance  Committee  meets  at  least  once  a  year  and  makes 
recommendations  to  the  Board  to  ensure  the  Company’s  corporate  governance  policy  remains  aligned  with  the 
Principles as it grows. 

The following are the principal ways in which the Company meets these requirements. 
1. Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders 

The  Company  has  established  a  strategy  and  business  model  which  it  believes  will  promote  long  term  value  for 
shareholders. This was  updated during 2018 following the Company’s decision to change its business model from 
being predominantly a mining exploration company operating exclusively in Tanzania to be an energy development 
company  with  energy  projects  in  different  countries  but  primarily  focused  on  sub-Saharan  Africa.  This  updated 
business model presents new challenges to the Group across financial, technical and operational areas as its project 
portfolio  expands  across  different  jurisdictions.  In  response  to  these  challenges,  the  Company  has  updated  its 
corporate  governance  policies  and  procedures  to  support  its  current  business  model.  The  Company  believes  its 
current  business model will deliver long term value to shareholders by providing diverse exposure to the growing 
demand-led  energy  markets  in  sub-Saharan  Africa  and  the  UK.  It  further  believes  that  this  business  model  is 
appropriate to protect the Company from unnecessary risk and secure its long-term future. 
2. Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

The Company seeks to understand and  meet shareholder needs and expectations  by engaging with them across a 
range of platforms including regular investor presentations, Q&A forums, investor relations company services, social 
media sites and at its Annual General Meeting where the Board encourages the active participation of shareholders 
on  important  and  relevant  matters,  including  the  Group’s  strategy,  financial  performance,  and  operational  and 
commercial  developments.  The  Company  provides  phone  numbers  on  its  RNS  and  SENS  announcements  where 
shareholders  can  contact  the  appropriate  senior  Company  representatives  or  advisors  directly  with  their  queries 
together with a dedicated email address for shareholder feedback. The Board receives regular shareholder feedback 
and provides prompt responses through all these communication channels and therefore believes it adequately meets 
its shareholders expectations in this regard. 
3.  Take  into  account  wider  stakeholder  and  social  responsibilities  and  their  implications  for  long-term 
success 

The  Company  firmly  believes  that  the  energy  development  projects  that  form  the  basis  of  its  business  model  will 
substantially benefit the countries and regions in which it operates. It fosters a culture of open communication with 
all stakeholders who may be impacted by its activities. Its strategy and business model are designed to minimise any 
negative impact of its activities on the communities where it operates and on the environment. 

The Company’s project areas  are located in Mozambique, Botswana, Tanzania and the UK. Staff  and locally appointed 
representatives  at  the  Company’s  project  offices    provide  a  first  point  of  contact  for  stakeholders  to  receive 
information on the Company’s activities and provide feedback on any issues or concerns they may have. The Company 
has appointed dedicated liaison officers to communicate with stakeholder groups e.g. local & regional government 
officials, central government departments, community groups and local suppliers to keep them continuously updated 
on  project  activities  and  plans.  Management  conveys  to  the  Board  in  a  timely  manner  through  formal  reporting 
channels  and  at  operational  review  meetings  any  substantive  concerns  of  stakeholders  and  where  necessary,  the 
Board mandates appropriate action be taken to address these concerns. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

In  support  of  the  Company’s  social  responsibility  towards  the  local  communities  among  which  it  works,  it  has 
implemented a Corporate Social Responsibility Plan (“CSR Plan”). The first phase of this plan is already completed 
through the building and refurbishment of school buildings in two local villages close to  its MCPP project  in southern 
Tanzania.  Successive  phases  of  this  CSR  Plan  will  be  implemented  commensurate  with  and  contingent  on    the 
construction  and  commissioning  of  the  MCPP  that  will,  in  addition  to  education,  include  support  of  health  care, 
employment  opportunities,  local  business  development  and  public  infrastructure  development.  The  Company  has 
now  commenced  replicating  its  stakeholder  liaison  model  and  CSR  commitment  in  Tanzania  on  its  other  African 
projects in Botswana and Mozambique. 
4.  Embed  effective  risk  management,  considering  both  opportunities  and  threats,  throughout  the 
organisation 

The Board has considered mechanisms by which the business and the financial risks facing the Group are managed 
and reported to the Board. The principal business and financial risks have been identified and control procedures 
implemented. The Board acknowledges its responsibility for reviewing the effectiveness of the systems that are in 
place to manage risk and to provide reasonable but not absolute assurance on the safeguarding of the Group’s assets 
against misstatement or loss. 

The major risks facing the Company are clearly identified in the Directors’ Report on page 16.  The Company relies on 
internal and external assessments of its systems for managing risk and it believes the continuous implementation of 
recommendations from these reviews provide the Board with adequate assurance that its systems for managing risks 
are effective. 

The Company’s Audit Committee is the primary body that is tasked with identifying, assessing and managing risk. The 
principal risks identified across all aspects of the Company’s operation include, inter alia, risks associated with foreign 
exchange,  strategy,  funding,  staffing,  political  stability  and  commercial  activities.  The  Audit  Committee  regularly 
reviews reports from Management across all financial and operational activities enabling it to identify and assess risks 
and make recommendations to the Board where appropriate for mitigation. Similarly, it also informs the Board where 
it identifies business opportunities that may be beneficial to the Company. The Audit Committee’s other core function 
is  to  review  and,  if  in  order,  recommend  the  annual  financial  statement  to  the  Board  for  approval.  Where  the 
Company’s auditors have identified risks or any shortcomings in accounting procedures, the Audit Committee brings 
these to the Board’s attention for mitigation and/or rectification. The Audit Committee Report on page 27 provides 
further details on the committee’s activities during 2019.   

To better assess and manage risks in line with the Company’s recent change in its strategy and business development 
model, it has compiled a Risk Register which is updated quarterly. Henceforth, this document will be the cornerstone 
of the its Risk Management Policy and will be the key tool in monitoring the effectiveness of remedial action proposed 
by the Audit Committee on an on-going basis. 
5. Maintain the board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair 

The Board regularly meets to monitor and approve the strategy and business model for the Group. 

The Board comprises a non-executive chairman, two executive directors and three non-executive directors. Two of 
the  non-executive  directors  (Christian  Schaffalitzky  and  Wenzel  Kerremans),  which  includes  the  Chairman,  are 
considered by the Board to be independent directors. The Board considers non-executive directors to be independent 
when they are independent of Management and free from any business or relationship that would materially interfere 
with the exercise of independent judgment as a Board member. 

The Executive directors comprise the Company’s CEO who dedicates 100% of his time to the Group and one other 
director who dedicates 50% of his time. The non-executive directors dedicate as much time as is required for them to 
fully carry out their duties for the Group including overseeing corporate governance arrangements and serving on 
board  committees.  One  of  the  non-executive  directors,  Noel  O’Keeffe,  also  serves  as  the  Company  secretary.  The 
functions and composition of the various Board sub-committees are outlined in Section 9. 

The Board alone is responsible for: 

• formulating, reviewing and approving the Group’s budgets and major items of capital expenditure; 
• formulating the Group’s major policies and strategy; 
• monitoring and reviewing the Group’s performance and achievement of goals; 
• approval of Financial Statements and Annual Report; 
• major contracts and transactions; 
• board and management structure and appointments (the whole Board acts as the Nominations Committee); 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

• effectiveness and integrity of internal control and management information systems; and 
• overall corporate governance of the Group. 

An agenda and all supporting documentation is circulated to the directors before each Board meeting. Open and timely 
access to all information is provided to directors to enable them to bring independent judgement on issues affecting 
the Group and facilitate them in discharging their duties. The Board met 25 times during the last financial year to 31 
December 2019 with on average >90% attendance during this period. 

In accordance with the Articles of Association of the Company, one third of the Board is required to retire each year 
at the Company’s AGM but directors so resigning can put their name forward for re-election. 

The Board sets the Group’s strategy and monitors its implementation through management and financial performance 
reviews. It also works to ensure that adequate resources are available to implement strategy in a timely manner. 

The Board is accountable to the shareholders for delivery of sustained value growth. In order to support its duties 
and responsibilities the Board implements control procedures, such as quarterly operational review meetings, that 
assess and manage risk and ensure robust financial and operational management within the Group. 
6. Ensure that between them the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

The Board considers that there is an appropriate balance between the Executives and non-executive directors and 
that no individual or small group dominates the Board’s decision making. The Board’s members have a wide range of 
expertise and experience which the Board considers to be conducive to the effective leadership of the Group and to 
the optimisation of shareholder value.  

The  Board  members’  diverse  range  of  skills  and  experience  span  technical,  financial,  operational  and  legal  areas 
relevant  to  the  management  of  the  Company.  Summary  biographies  of  each  Board  member  are  shown  on  the 
Company’s website and in the Directors’ Report on page 16.  Directors keep their skill sets up to date by attendance 
at,  and  participation  in,  various  events  organised  by  their  respective  industry  sectors  and/or  by  participation  in 
continuing  professional  development  courses.  For  example,  The  Company  secretary  (also  a  director)  successfully 
completed a Certificate in Company Law and Practice in 2019 at the Law Society of Ireland to update his skills in this 
area.  

As the Company evolves, the Board composition will be reviewed to ensure appropriate expertise is always in place 
to support its business activities. It strives to align directors’ responsibilities with their individual skills so they can 
optimally contribute to its current strategy and business model. While the Board has not yet adopted any formal policy 
on gender balance, ethnicity or age group, it is committed to fair and equal opportunity and fostering diversity subject 
to ensuring appointees are appropriately qualified and experienced for their roles. The Company acknowledges that 
as it expands its operations across different countries, it will be to its benefit to align its Board composition to reflect 
balance in the ethnicity and gender of its members. 

The  Company  retains  the  services  of 
investor  relations, 
technical/engineering  and  IT  fields  that  are  always  available  to  the  Board.  These  advisors  provide  support  and 
guidance to the Board and complement the Company’s internal expertise. 
7. Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 

independent  advisors  across 

financial, 

legal, 

The  performance  of  the  Board  and  Management  of  the  Company  is  evaluated  on  an  on-going  basis  by  the 
Remuneration  Committee  (“Remcom”).  The  results  of  these  evaluations  are  reflected  in  changes  in  the  Executive 
remuneration  levels  recommended  by  the  Remcom  from  time  to  time  and  in  awards  under  the  Company’s  Share 
Option and Management Incentive Schemes where it considers such awards are warranted. Remuneration levels are 
benchmarked against peer companies while performance awards are based on meeting pre-defined milestones such 
as successful project acquisitions or completion of significant project development phases. As the Company grows, 
the  Board  will  develop  more  comprehensive  human  resource  policies  to  provide  both  internal  and  external 
performance  evaluations  of  its  Board,  senior  management  and  staff  including  the  provision  for  upskilling  where 
necessary  and  to  provide  for  Board  member  succession  planning.  The  Company  commissioned  an  independent 
consultants  report  in  late  2018  to  consider  current  director  and  management  remuneration  levels  and  make 
recommendations for adjustments. The report recommendations were implemented for 2019. 

The Board considers that the corporate governance policies it has currently in place for Board performance reviews 
is commensurate with the size and development stage of the Company. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

8. Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

The Company operates across several countries including Ireland, UK, Cyprus, South Africa, Tanzania, Botswana and 
Mozambique. In line with its international reach, the Company recognises the cultural diversity both internally and 
among its business partners, service providers and other stakeholders. The Board promotes corporate values that 
reflect its commitment to provide equal opportunity to all subject to its core principles that demand the adoption of 
ethical  values  and  conduct  at  all  times.  In  this  regard  it  has  developed  robust  whistle-blower  and  anti-corruption 
policies that Board, management, staff and service providers have signed up to. The Company’s Anti-Corruption policy 
requires  all  Group  personnel  to  declare  conflicts  of  interest  in  any  dealings  on  behalf  of  the  Group  and  to  excuse 
themselves from any negotiation on behalf of, or with, the Company in such circumstances. 

While the Company has  not adopted a  formal Code  of  Conduct at  board level, management and staff  behaviour is 
governed by the terms of individual employment (and supplier) contracts whose terms reflect the ethics and values 
of the Group.  Together  with other Company policies such as its whistle-blower and anti-corruption policies noted 
above, these establish a high standard of values and behaviour to which all personnel working for, or on behalf, of the 
Group  are  expected  to  adhere  to.  The  Board  monitors  compliance  with  its  ethical  values  through  feedback  from 
Management and has disciplinary procedures in place to take corrective action where required. 
9. Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making 
by the board

The  Company  has  developed  and  adopted  a  variety  of  plans,  policies,  and  procedures  as  part  of  its  corporate 
governance  framework  to  ensure  that  the  Company  is  run  in  an  efficient,  effective  and  responsible  manner.  Key 
policies include: 
Board Governance Plan 

The Board Governance Plan is integrated into a Corporate Procedures Manual which sets out corporate governance 
structure and includes the terms of reference for the various Board Committees. In addition, the Corporate Procedures 
Manual outlines: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

high level financial controls; 
information system environment; 
forecasting & budget procedures; 
treasury operations;  
accounting policies; 
financial accounting procedures; and 
management reporting framework. 
Securities Trading/Share Dealing Policy 

The  Company’s  Share  Dealing  Code  sets  out  the  Company’s  policy,  procedures  and  restrictions  for  directors, 
management, staff and insiders in dealings in the Company’s shares. It is compliant with AIM and FCA Rules and with 
the Company’s obligations under the Market Abuse Directive (2016). 
Continuous Disclosure and Market Communications Policy 

The Company’s policy is governed by the AIM Rules and the JSE Rules and all applicable national financial regulation 
in the UK, Ireland and South Africa. 
Risk Management Policy 

The Company has developed  a Risk Register which will be reviewed on a quarterly basis. The Risk Register reviews 
the risks around each aspect of management and operations and is  scored by each Executive member of the Board in 
terms of probability and impact to derive an overall risk profile for the Company. The Risk Register also records the 
steps that are being taken to mitigate the major risks identified.

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Health and Safety Policy & Procedures 

All operating companies within the Group have their own Health and Safety Policy and Procedures (“HSE Policy”) 
tailored  to  the  particular  jurisdiction  and  environment  in  which  they  are  active.  The  Board  retains  overall 
responsibility  to  ensure  appropriate  HSE  Policy  is  in  place  at  all  times  and  reviews  this  at  its  operations’  review 
meetings. 
Environmental Policy 

Kibo is committed to high standards of environmental protection across our business. Our goal is to protect people, 
minimise harm to the environment, integrate biodiversity considerations and reduce disruption to our neighbouring 
communities.  We  seek  to  achieve  continuous  improvement  in  our  environmental  protection  performance.  The 
Company  will significantly expand and escalate our actions to meet our commitment to environmental protection 
commensurate with the start of plant construction, mining operations and energy production on our projects. The 
results  of  environmental  impact  reports  already  completed  and  in  progress  across  our  projects  will  be  used  to 
carefully plan for environmental risk assessments and implement mitigating measures to protect the environment in 
association with relevant government bodies and local communities. 
Anti-corruption and bribery Policy 

The  Company’s  Anti-corruption  and  bribery  policy  is  in  place  to  ensure  that  all  directors,  management,  staff  and 
suppliers to the Group conduct themselves in an honest and ethical manner at all times. It meets the requirements of 
the UK Bribery Act 2010. 
Whistleblowing Policy 

The Company’s Whistleblowing Policy is informed by Whistleblowing Arrangements Code of Practice issued by the 
British Standards Institute and Public Concern at Work. Its objectives are: 

• 

• 
• 

to encourage Group personnel to report suspected wrongdoing as soon as possible, in the knowledge that 
their concerns will be taken seriously and investigated as appropriate, and that their confidentiality will be 
respected; 
to provide Group personnel with guidance as to how to raise those concerns; and 
to reassure Group personnel that they should be able to raise genuine concerns in good faith without fear of 
reprisals, even if they turn out to be mistaken. 

IT, communications and systems procedures 

IT, communications and systems procedures are included in the Company’s Corporate Procedures Manual and are 
designed to ensure a robust, upgradeable and secure IT system, with appropriate back-up to ensure any system failure 
will not be catastrophic for the continued operations of the Company. 

The Chairman is responsible for providing leadership to the Board while the day-to-day management of the Group is 
delegated to the Executive Committee lead by the CEO. The CEO is primarily  responsible for the Group’s business 
performance  and  manages  the  Group  in  accordance  with  the  strategies  and  business  plan.  The  independent  non-
executive  directors  are  responsible  for  providing  independent  advice  and  are  considered  by  the  Board  to  be 
independent of Management. 

The Board/senior officer committees are the Governance Committee, Executive Committee, Remuneration Committee 
Audit Committee, and the Nomination Committee. 
Governance  Committee: 

Comprises  three  non-executive  directors.  The  Committee  meets  at  least  once  a  year  to 
review the Company’s ongoing compliance with the QCA Code and to make recommendations to the Board where it 
judges that there is a requirement to update, replace or expand corporate governance policies and procedures in line 
with current activities. The Governance Committee is chaired by Christian Schaffalitzky and the other members are 
Noel O’Keeffe and Wenzel Kerremans. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Executive Committee:

 Comprises two executive directors and two senior Company officers: The Committee meets 
at least once a month. The Executive Committee is the core senior management team in the Company responsible for 
day to day management and operations. Its terms of reference are defined in the Company’s Corporate Procedures 
Manual.  The  Executive  Committee  is  chaired  by  Louis  Coetzee  and  the  other  members  are  Lukas  Maree,  Louis 
Scheepers (COO) and Pieter Krugel (CFO). 
Remuneration Committee:

 Comprises three non-executive directors. The Committee meets at least once a year to 
determine  Company  policy  on  senior  executive  remuneration,  to  make  detailed  recommendations  to  the  Board 
regarding the remuneration packages of the executive directors and to consider awards under the Company’s Share 
Option  and  Management  Incentive  Award  schemes.  The  Chief  Executive  Officer  is  consulted  on  remuneration 
packages and policy but does not attend discussions regarding his own package. The remuneration and terms and 
conditions of the appointment of non-executive directors are determined by the Board. The Remuneration Committee 
is chaired by Christian Schaffalitzky with the other members being Andreas Lianos and Wenzel Kerremans. 
Audit Committee:

 Comprises three non-executive directors. The Committee meets at least twice a year to consider 
the scope of the annual audit and the interim financial statements and to assess the effectiveness of the Group’s system 
of  internal  financial  controls  and  risk  management  systems.  It  reviews  the  results  of  the  external  audit,  its  cost 
effectiveness and the objectives of the auditor. Given the size of the Group, the Audit Committee considers that an 
internal  audit  function  is  not  currently  justified.  The  Audit  Committee  is  chaired  by  Andrew  Lianos,  ACA,  CA(SA), 
ACMA,  CIA.  who  serves  as  the  Company’s  non-executive  Financial  Director.  The  other  members  of  the  Audit 
Committee are Christian Schaffalitzky and Wenzel Kerremans. 
Nomination Committee:

 Comprises the entire Board. The principal objectives of the Committee are to monitor and 
review the Board structure, size, composition and the mix of skills and expertise to ensure that these are in line with 
the Group’s strategies and to consider potential candidates for directorship. The selection criteria for selection and 
recruitment  of  the  potential  candidates  for  directorship  shall  include  qualifications  of  the  individual,  experience, 
knowledge and achievements, credibility and background and ability of the candidates to contribute effectively to the 
Board and Group. The Nomination Committee also oversees succession planning of directors, taking into account the 
relative experience of each Board member in relation to the Company’s requirements given its stage of development 
and strategies, with the goal of having in place an adequate and sufficiently experienced board at all times. 

The  Company’s  Corporate  Procedures  Manual  includes  a  schedule  of  matters  that  are  reserved  as  the  sole 
responsibility of the Board. These matters, in addition to setting strategy for the Company, include, but are not limited 
to, Board nominations and appointments, approval of acquisitions and disposals and approval of annual budgets and 
financings. 
10.  Communicate  how  the  company  is  governed  and  is  performing  by  maintaining  a  dialogue  with 
shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

The Board recognises the importance of establishing and maintaining good relationship with Kibo’s shareholders and 
other  stakeholders.  The  Board  is  responsible  for  ensuring  satisfactory  dialogue  with  shareholders  throughout  the 
year.  In  order  to  establish  and  maintain  good  relationships  with  the  shareholders  of  Kibo,  and  to  maintain 
transparency  and  accountability  to  its  shareholders,  Kibo  uses  various  means  to  continuously  communicate  and 
disseminate timely information to shareholders and stakeholders: 

market announcements on regulatory platforms (RNS and SENS); 
annual and interim reports; 
circulars; 
annual general meetings of shareholders; 
investor presentations and briefings; 
Q&A forums and social media sites; 
website at www.kibo.energy; and 
via investor relations professionals at St. Brides Partners Ltd (contact person: Isabel de Salis / Beth  Melluish 
Tel: +44 (0) 207236 1177) 

The Company’s Audit Committee Report is presented  on  page 27 and provides further  details on the committee’s 
activities during 2019, and while a separate report from the Remuneration Committee was not produced due to the 
size of the Company, the Company intends to review this requirement on an annual basis.

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Conclusion 

The Company believes that its governance structures and practices as detailed above comply with the expectations of 
the QCA Code in all material respects. It also acknowledges its obligations under the Code to continually monitor and 
further  develop  the  scope  and  suitability  of  its  governance  structures  in  line  with  its  growth.  In  recent  years,  the 
Company undertook a change in strategy from being dominantly a mineral exploration company based in Tanzania 
to be an energy development company with a project portfolio spanning Tanzania, Botswana, Mozambique and the 
UK.  In  line  with  these  developments  the  Company  has  implemented  key  governance  changes  including  a  re-
assignment of Board responsibilities and the recruitment of a Chief Financial Officer to manage the increased financial 
responsibilities within the Group. The Company continued  to update its Plans, Policies and Procedures itemised at 9 
above during 2019 to ensure it remains in compliance with the QCA Code. 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
___________________________ 
Chairman 
Governance Committee 

22 September 2020 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Board of Directors present their Annual Report together with the audited annual financial statements for the year 
ended  31  December  2019  of  Kibo  Energy  PLC  (“Kibo”  or  “the  Company”)  and  its  subsidiaries  (collectively  “the 
Group”). 

The Board comprises a non-executive chairman, two executive directors and three non-executive directors. As the 
Company evolves, the Board will be reviewed and expanded if necessary to ensure appropriate expertise is always in 
place to support its business activities. 

The Board is responsible for formulating, reviewing and approving the Company's strategy, budgets, major items of 
capital expenditure and acquisitions. An agenda and all supporting documentation is circulated to all directors before 
each Board Meeting. Open and timely access to all information is provided to all directors to enable them to bring 
independent judgement on issues affecting the Company and facilitate them in discharging their duties. 

At the date of this report, the board of directors comprised: 

Christian Schaffalitzky - Chairman (non-executive) 
Louis Coetzee - Chief Executive Officer (executive) 
Andreas Lianos - Financial Director (non-executive) 
Noel O’Keeffe - Technical Director (non-executive) 
Lukas Maree - executive director 
Wenzel Kerremans - (non-executive director) 
Christian Schaffalitzky, BA (Mod), FIMMM, PGeo, CEng, Age 66 – Chairman (non-executive and independent) 

Christian Schaffalitzky has over 40 years’ experience in minerals exploration and is Executive Chairman of Eurasia 
Mining  plc,  a  company  trading  on  AIM.  From  1984  to  1992,  he  founded  and  managed  the  international  minerals 
consultancy,  CSA  Group,  now  CSA  Global  Pty  Ltd.  Christian  was  a  founder  of  Ivernia  West  plc,  where  he  led  the 
exploration,  discovery  and  development  of  the  Lisheen  zinc  deposit  in  Ireland.  More  recently,  he  was a  managing 
director  of  Ennex  International  plc,  an  Irish  quoted  mineral  exploration  company,  focused  on  zinc  development 
projects. He has also been engaged in precious and base metal mineral exploration and development in the former 
Soviet Union and is a former independent director on the boards of Russian companies, Raspadskaya Coal Company 
and Chelyabinsk Zinc and a director of one other listed investment company. 
Louis Coetzee, BA, MBA, Age 56 – Chief Executive Officer (executive) 

Louis Coetzee has over 25 years’ experience in business development, promotion and financing in both the public and 
private  sector.  In  recent  years,  he  has  concentrated  on  the  exploration  and  mining  arena  where  he  has  founded, 
promoted and developed a number of junior mineral exploration companies based mainly on Tanzanian assets. Louis 
has tertiary qualifications in law and languages, project management, supply chain management and an MBA from 
Bond University (Australia) specialising in entrepreneurship, and business planning and strategy. He has worked in 
various project management and business development roles mostly in the mining industry throughout his career. 
Between 2007 and 2009, he held the position of Vice-President, Business Development with Canadian listed Great 
Basin  Gold  (TSX:  CBG).  Mr.  Coetzee  is  also  the  CEO  of  AIM-listed  Katoro  Gold  PLC  in  which  Kibo  has  a  significant 
shareholding. 
Noel O’Keeffe, BSc (Hons), Geology, MBA, CG (Affiliated), Age 56 – Technical Director (non-executive) and 
Company Secretary 

Noel O’Keeffe has over 30 years’ experience in mineral exploration and has worked on a variety of base metal and 
gold  projects  in  Ireland,  Canada,  Australia  and  Africa.  Prior  to  co-founding  Kibo  in  2008  he  worked  as  a  quality 
coordinator with Boston Scientific (Ireland) Ltd, a multinational medical device company. He also worked part-time 
for Irish geological services group, Aurum Exploration Ltd during 2003 and early 2004. During the mid-nineties he 
was  exploration  manager  with  Ormonde  Mining  plc  in  Tanzania,  a  company  currently  listed  on  the  Irish  Stock 
Exchange and on AIM. Previously Noel was a senior geological consultant with BDA Consultants Limited and worked 
on  both  government  and  private  sector  contracts.  Earlier  in  his  career,  Noel  worked  as  a  geologist  for  Burmin 
Exploration and Development plc and for its Canadian and Australian subsidiaries. Mr. O’Keeffe is also a non-executive 
director of Cyprus company, River Capital plc. 
Lukas Marthinus Maree, BLC, LLB, Age 58 – (executive) 

Lukas  Maree    is  a  lawyer  by  profession.  He  has  served  on  the  boards  of  a  number  of  public  companies  including 
Goldsource  Mines  Limited,  Africo  Resources  Limited  and  Diamondworks  Limited  that  have  made  significant 
successful investments in exploration projects in Africa and North America.   

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

More recently, he has served as the CEO of private investment companies Rusaf Gold Limited and Mzuri Capital Group 
Limited, both of which have successfully developed and sold mineral projects in Russia and Tanzania. He was also a 
founder principal of River Group, Designated Advisors to the Listing of Kibo on the JSE, and was responsible for its 
Canadian office until he retired from the Group in 2013 to pursue personal interests. Mr. Maree is also a director of 
AIM-listed Katoro Gold PLC. 
Wenzel Kerremans, B. Proc, LLB, LLM, Adv. Dip.  Age 61 – (non-executive and independent) 

Wenzel Kerremans is a lawyer by profession with over 25 years international legal experience in mining, banking, 
project finance and international tax, advising clients who have invested in exploration and mining projects in Africa. 
He has also originated and successfully sold Veremo Holdings Limited, a billion ton titaniferous magnetite exploration 
project for the production of iron and titanium slag. Wenzel is also the principal and director of a gold, graphite and 
coal exploration project in Africa. 
Andreas (Andrew) Lianos, CA(SA), ACA, ACMA, Age 53 –Financial Director (non-executive) 

Andrew is a chartered accountant, certified management accountant,  registered internal auditor and  JSE  qualified 
executive  who  started  his  professional  career  in  1989  with  Grant  Thornton  International.  Andrew  entered  the 
corporate finance industry in 1994 by joining Deloitte & Touche Corporate Finance. In 1996 he joined Merrill Lynch 
Corporate Finance, and was part of the team that founded Labyrinth Corporate Finance during 1997. He has been 
intimately involved in a number of IPO’s since the bull market of the 90’s to date, and has substantial transaction 
experience  in  the  resources,  food-  and  leisure  industries.  Andrew  serves  on  the  boards  of  a  number  of  public 
companies and co-founded River Group in 1998. He has since been involved in a number of successful RTOs and IPOs 
on the JSE, TSX, ASX and LSE, cross-border restructurings and resources transactions in Canada, the Central African 
Republic, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Tanzania and South Africa. 
Role of Technical Director & Financial Director 

The  Technical  Director  and  Financial  Director  roles  of  Mr.  O’Keeffe  and  Mr.  Lianos  respectively  are  not  executive 
functions and neither are members of the executive committee of the Company. They provide their services in these 
roles on a part time consultancy basis independent of their positions as non-executive directors. They exercise these 
roles  in  a  high  level  advisory  capacity  and  are  not  involved  in  the  day  to  day  management  of  the  Company.  Mr. 
O’Keeffe’s services as Company secretary are also provided on a part time basis. 
Review of Business Developments 

As noted in the Chairman’s Report and Review of Activities, the Company consolidated its business strategy as an 
energy development company with further development progress of its energy projects in Africa and the UK during 
the period.  To reflect this change in business strategy, the Company also changed its name from Kibo Mining PLC to 
Kibo  Energy  PLC  at  its  2018  AGM.  The  Company  also  divested  itself  of  its  remaining  mineral  exploration  project, 
Haneti, in Tanzania to Katoro Gold PLC, a company in which Kibo holds a 29.70% interest as at the date of this report 
(31 December 2018 – 55.53% interest). The Company continued to further its feasibility studies towards mining and 
thermal coal plant development on its African projects. 

While our focus remains on addressing the acute power deficits in Sub-Saharan Africa and, more recently, the UK, our 
strategy has slightly altered to focus on including sustainable power options into our solutions. This has seen us build 
a strong partnership with US based ESS Tech Inc. ('ESS'). We are making steady progress integrating ESS's iron flow 
battery technology that offers, amongst other benefits, more than double the operating lifetime and cycle capacity of 
lithium-ion  battery  storage  systems,  into  the  plans  for  our  coal  fired  power  plants.  We  look  forward  to  providing 
further updates on this innovative technology in due course. 

In Mozambique, our Benga  Power  Plant Project ('BPPP'), in which  we have a 65% interest and  which enjoys very 
strong local support and is backed by local energy company Termoeléctrica de Benga S.A, continues to make progress. 
With a Definitive Feasibility Study based on a 150 MW coal-fired power plant already in place, this advanced project 
is reaching an exciting stage. Not only does it have significant expansion potential, including the establishment of a 
pure  renewable  energy  project,  but  the  off-take  opportunities  are  escalating;  notably,  we  continue  to  have 
encouraging  discussions  with  Electricidade  de  Moçambique  ('EDM')  regarding  a  Power  Purchase  Agreement.  The 
momentum behind the Benga Project has been maintained during 2020 to date with the acquisition of additional land 
increasing  the  project  site  by  345  hectares,  the  signing  of  a  new  Memorandum  of  Understanding  with  EDM  and 
entering binding term sheet to negotiate a PPA with Baobab Resources Ltd (“Baobab”) to supply c.200 MW energy to 
17 
its Tete Steel and Vanadium Project in Mozambique. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Similarly,  in  Botswana,  where  we  are  developing  the  Mabesekwa  Coal  Independent  Power  Project  ('MCIPP')  with 
major energy industry player, Shumba Energy Ltd ('Shumba'), a strategic opportunity to develop a multi-project and 
accordingly  multi-revenue  stream  programme,  has  been  identified.  This  will  comprise  developing  an  established 
761Mt coal deposit into a coal mine that will feed two power stations. The first of these is a 300 MW power station 
envisaged to provide power to Shumba's petrochemical plant, which will first provide Botswana with up to 80% of its 
domestic liquid / gas fuel requirements, and later the Southern African market at large. Kibo has a 35% interest in 
this power station. The second power station with a planned capacity of 250-300 MW, in which Kibo holds an 85% 
interest, is primarily focussed towards feeding the Botswana power grid. 

Kibo’s Botswana subsidiary, Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Limited, submitted a mining licence application over the 
Mabesekwa Coal Resource to the Botswana Department of Mines in late 2018 and it is still going through due process. 
The  recent  restructuring  has  necessitated  some  additional  modifications  to  the  application  but  the  Company  is 
working closely with the Botswana authorities and its joint venture partner to ensure the application is progressing 
smoothly and in step with its overall project development schedule. 

A pre-feasibility study on the coal mining element together with a scoping study for the construction of the power 
plant has already been completed by Sechaba. Water and land use permits and environmental certification are also 
already in place at the site. 

Completing our African portfolio of interests is the 100% owned Mbeya Coal to Power Project ('MCPP') in Tanzania. 
This project, fully developed to funding / construction ready status, with seven Mining Licences and water permits in 
place, comprises a 120 Mt coal deposit and a 300-600 MW power plant. It too is making headway and remains an 
exciting opportunity as highlighted by the confirmation from TANESCO that Kibo has the option to develop the project 
for the severely undersupplied power export market and also remains well positioned to participate in any future 
tenders from the Tanzanian Government for the supply of coal -fired electricity.  

Beyond Africa, although presenting in a different shape and form, the energy crisis is just as critical. Three years ago, 
engineers forecasted an unprecedented "energy gap" in the UK in a decade's time, with demand for electricity likely 
to  outstrip  supply  by  more  than  40%,  which  could  lead  to  blackouts  (recently  the  UK  experienced  four  major 
blackouts).  Complementing  its  growth  strategy,  Kibo  identified  this  as  a  strategic  development  opportunity  and 
intends to support the UK energy mix with much needed flexible energy projects by developing a portfolio of small-
scale  power  generation  assets  to  support  the  UK  power  grid  via  its  60%  interest  in  MAST  Energy  Developments 
('MED') projects. To this end, one site, the shovel-ready 5 MW gas- fuelled Bordersley power generation plant has 
been acquired and due diligence on several others are nearing conclusion. The development of Bordersley had been 
progressing rapidly and ahead of schedule. However, as has been explained in recent communications, COVID-19 has 
caused unavoidable delays to the planned construction and commissioning of the plant, which was due to take place 
by the end of Q1 2020. We are doing all we can to continue to progress this and counter any further delays. AB Group, 
the Italian power giant which will supply, construct and commission the Bordersley plant, continues to progress the 
project  remotely.  Furthermore,  we  have  utilised  this  temporary  on-site  cessation  of  activity  as  an  opportunity  to 
consolidate  our  ownership  of  Bordersley  to  100%,  (see  RNS  dated  30  March  2020)  allowing  us  to  progress 
uninterrupted with comprehensive ongoing funding discussions for MED and Bordersley (see RNS dated 17 March 
2020). We remain firmly focussed on progressing this project, which offers significant near-term revenues thanks to 
the power purchase agreement we have in place with Statkraft and will of course continue to provide further updates 
as soon as we are in a position to do so. 

We remain focused on delivering on our objective of building a leading-edge multi-asset energy company and I believe 
we have the requisite quality assets, skill set, team and partners and crucially development plan to do this. Yes, the 
current global backdrop has created unforeseen challenges; for starters, the various governments with whom we are 
in  discussions  with  are  currently  focused  on  the  welfare  of  citizens  rather  than  power  projects.  However,  having 
reacted  quickly  to  minimise  this  disruption,  we  continue  to  make  tangible  progress  across  our  portfolio.  With  an 
undeniable market demand for reliable, sustainable and affordable electricity, we believe our growth prospects are 
strong. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Post Statement of Financial Position events 

Investment in Katoro Gold PLC 

Following    Kibo’s    investment  in  Katoro  Gold  PLC  during  2019  by  subscribing  to  its  October  2019  placing  for  1.8 
million shares issued at a price of 1p (£18,000), the Company  subsequently exercised the warrants attached to these 
shares at their exercise price of 1.5p and receiving an additional 1.8 million Katoro  shares in February 2020. Kibo’s  
equity interest in Katoro at the date of this report is 29.70%.
Issue of Convertible Loan Note 

In July 2020, the Company secured a £1 million facility (“the Facility”) from a consortium of lenders. The Facility, in 
the form of a convertible loan note issued by Kibo, will provide sufficient working capital to allow it proceed with 
reaching key development milestones, particularly for the Benga and Mast Energy Developments Limited projects 
over the next twelve months. At an EGM held on 24 August 2020, shareholders approved resolutions to increase the 
authorised share capital of the Company  which was required to fully avail of the Facility and meet all related funding 
costs. The Company is now fully enabled to avail of the Facility. Refer to the Going Concern paragraph on page 23 for 
further details. 
Share Issues  

During  2020  to  date,  as  per  page  8,  Kibo  issued  an  additional  135,526,399  shares  comprising  29,214,110  to 
contractors  &  service  providers  for  agreed  invoice  payments  at  share  prices  of  0.45p  &  0.2p;  8,000,000  as  final 
payment to MED with regard to acquisition costs for Bordersley, at  a share price 5.25p; and 98,312,289 shares in 
payment of first drawdown fee, legal fee, arrangement fee and issue of  conversion shares with regard to the Facility 
at  share prices  ranging from 0.22p to 0.27p. 
Increased Investment in Mast Energy Developments and Listing of Sloane on the LSE 

In August 2020, Sloane Developments Limited, a 100% owned UK Kibo subsidiary, announced  that it will acquire  
from St Anderton on Vaal Limited ('St Anderton') the remaining 40% interest in Mast Energy Developments Ltd ('Mast 
Energy'), that it did not already hold, in exchange for 36,917,076 new Ordinary Shares in Sloane.  Accordingly, Sloane 
(to be renamed Mast Energy Ltd) will at completion of the share exchange transaction own a 100% interest in Mast 
Energy alongside its 100% interest in Bordersley Power Ltd as it seeks to develop a portfolio of flexible power plants 
in the UK. St Anderton will at completion hold 26.11% of Sloane, with Kibo holding the remaining 73.89%. Sloane has 
made an application to the LSE for admission to the  Standard List which will be accompanied by an IPO to raise funds 
to advance Mast Energy’s energy portfolio in the UK. 
Settlement and Termination of Convertible Loan Note and Placing 

Kibo settled all outstanding amounts due under the Convertible Loan Note ("CLN"),  announced on 25 June 2020 and 
reached agreement with the holders of the CLN to terminate the CLN with immediate effect. The Company has further 
undertaken a successful placing to raise GBP1,450,000 before costs through the Company's broker ETX Capital, at a 
placing price of 0.2p per placing share, with 1 warrant attached for every two placing shares, exercisable at 0.4p each 
over 36 months. 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

The  realisation  of  coal  mining  and  energy  assets  is  dependent  on  the  discovery  and  successful  development  of 
economic mineral reserves and/or completion of positive integrated bankable feasibility studies and is subject to a 
number of significant potential risks summarised as follows, and described further below: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

financial instrument & foreign exchange risk; 
strategic risk; 
funding risk; 
commercial risk; 
operational risk; 
staffing and key personnel risks; 
speculative nature of mineral exploration and development;  
political instability;  
uninsurable risks; and  
foreign investment risks including increases in taxes, royalties and renegotiation of contracts. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Financial instrument and foreign exchange risk 

The  Company  and  Group  are  exposed  to  risks  arising  from  financial  instruments  held  and  foreign  exchange 
transactions entered throughout the period. These are discussed in Note 27 to the Annual Financial Statements. 
Strategic risk 

Significant and increasing competition exists for mineral and energy project acquisition opportunities throughout the 
world. Because of this competition, the Company may be unable to acquire and exploit additional attractive projects 
on terms it considers acceptable. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company will acquire any interest 
in additional mining and/or energy development projects that would yield commercial opportunities. The Company 
expects to undertake comprehensive due diligence where warranted to help ensure opportunities are subjected to 
proper evaluation. 
Funding risk 

In  the  past  the  Company  has  raised  funds  via  equity  contributions  from  new  and  existing  shareholders,  thereby 
ensuring  the  Company  remains  a  going  concern  until  such  time  that  revenues  are  earned  through  the  sale  or 
development of its projects. There can be no assurance that such funds will continue to be available on reasonable 
terms, or at all in future. The Directors regularly review cash flow requirements to ensure the Company can meet 
financial obligations as and when they fall due.  
Commercial risk 

The  mining  industry  is  competitive  and  there  is  no  assurance  that,  even  if  commercial  quantities  of  minerals  are 
available to the Company, a profitable market will exist for the sale of such minerals. There can be no assurance that 
the quality of the minerals will be such that the Company mining assets can be mined at a profit or, where applicable, 
support its energy development projects. Factors beyond the control of the Company may affect the marketability of 
any  minerals  discovered.  Mineral  prices  are  subject  to  volatile  price  changes  from  a  variety  of  factors  including 
international economic and political trends, expectations of inflation, global and regional demand, currency exchange 
fluctuations,  interest  rates  and  global  or  regional  consumption  patterns,  speculative  activities  and  increased 
production  due  to  improved  mining  and  production  methods.  Ultimately,  the  Company  expects  that  prior  to  a 
development decision, a project would be the subject of a feasibility analysis to ensure there exists an appropriate 
level of confidence in its economic viability.  
Operational risk 

Mining & energy development operations are subject to hazards normally encountered in exploration, development 
and  production.  These  include  unexpected  geological  formations,  rock  falls,  flooding,  dam  wall  failure  and  other 
incidents  or  conditions  which  could  result  in  damage  to  plant  or  equipment  or  the  environment  and  which  could 
impact any future production throughout. Although it is intended to take adequate precautions to minimise risk, there 
is a possibility of a material adverse impact on the Company’s operations and its financial results. The Company will 
develop and maintain policies appropriate to the stage of development of its various projects.  
Staffing and key personnel risks 

Recruiting and retaining qualified personnel is critical to the Company’s success. The number of persons skilled in the 
acquisition, exploration and development of mining properties and in the development of energy projects is limited 
and competition for such persons is intense. While the Company has good relations with its employees, these relations 
may be impacted by changes in the scheme of labour relations which may be introduced by the relevant governmental 
authorities. Adverse changes in such legislation may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results 
of operations and  financial condition.  Staff are encouraged to  discuss with management matters of interest to  the 
employees and subjects affecting day-to-day operations of the Company. 
Speculative nature of mineral exploration & energy project development 

In addition to the above there can be no assurance that the current activities will result in profitable mining and energy 
production. 

The recoverability of the carrying value of exploration and evaluation assets is dependent on the successful discovery 
of economically recoverable reserves, the achievement of profitable operations, and the ability of the Company to 
raise additional financing, if necessary, or alternatively upon the Company’s ability to dispose of its interests on an 
advantageous basis. Changes in market conditions could require material write downs of the carrying value of the 
Company’s assets.  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Development of the Company’s assets is, amongst others, contingent upon obtaining satisfactory feasibility results 
and securing additional adequate funding. Mineral and energy project development involves substantial expenses and 
a high degree of risk, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to 
adequately  mitigate.  The  degree  of  risk  reduces  substantially  when  a  Company’s  properties  move  from  the 
exploration phase to the advanced feasibility phase. Management continuously assesses funding requirements against 
project viability and prioritise key projects over the short to medium term.  

The  development  of  mineral  deposits  is  dependent  upon  a  number  of  factors  including  the  technical  skill  of  the 
personnel involved. The commercial viability of a mineral deposit, once discovered, is also dependent upon a number 
of  factors,  including  the  size,  grade  and  proximity  to  infrastructure,  metal  prices  and  government  regulations, 
including  regulations  relating  to  royalties,  allowable  production,  importing  and  exporting  of  minerals,  and 
environmental  protection.  In  addition,  several  years  can  elapse  from  the  initial  phase  of  drilling  until  commercial 
operations are commenced. 
Political stability 

The Company is conducting its operational activities in Mozambique, Botswana, Tanzania and the UK. The directors 
believe that the governments of these countries support the development of natural resources and energy production 
by  foreign  investors  and  actively  monitor  the  situation.    However,  there  is  no  assurance  that  future  political  and 
economic  conditions  in  these  countries  will  not  result  in  their  governments  adopting  different  policies  regarding 
foreign  development  and  ownership  of  mineral  resources.    Any  changes  in  policy  affecting  ownership  of  assets, 
taxation, rates of exchange, environmental protection, labour relations, repatriation of income and return of capital, 
may affect the Company’s ability to develop its projects. 
Uninsurable risks 

The Company may become subject to liability for accidents, pollution and other hazards against which it cannot insure 
or against which it may elect not to insure because of prohibitive premium costs or for other reasons, such as amounts 
which exceed policy limits. The company chooses to manage these risks, as best possible, through cautious business 
practice, on a continuous basis.  
Foreign investment risks including increases in taxes, royalties and renegotiation of contracts 

The Group is subject to risk arising from the ever-changing economic environment in which its subsidiaries operate, 
mainly  driven  by  the  changing  regulatory  environment  governing  corporate  taxation,  transfer  pricing  and  other 
investment related operational activities. The Group continues to re-assess its investment decisions to limit exposure 
to the ever-changing regulatory environment in which it operates.  
Directors’ Interests 

The interests of the directors and Company secretary (held directly and indirectly), who held office at the date of 
approval of the financial statements, in the share capital of the Company are as follows:
Ordinary Shares (held directly and indirectly) 

Directors & Secretary 

22/09/20 

31/12/19 

31/12/18 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Noel O’Keeffe 
Louis Coetzee 
Lukas Maree 
Wenzel Kerremans 
Andreas Lianos   
Warrants (held directly and indirectly) 

6,004,842 
7,037,047 
19,505,996 
7,419,800 
1,191,241   
17,073,663 

6,004,842 
7,037,047 
19,505,996 
7,419,800 
1,191,241 
17,073,663 

2,119,842 
3,591,447 
8,065,996 
2,934,200 
376,241  
7,588,633 

22/09/20 

31/12/19 

31/12/18 

Directors & Secretary 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Louis Coetzee 
Noel O’Keeffe 
Lukas Maree 
Wenzel Kerremans 
Andreas Lianos   

5,827,500 
17,160,000 
5,168,400 
6,728,400 
1,222,500 
14,227,500 

5,827,500 
17,160,000 
5,168,400 
6,728,400 
1,222,500 
14,227,500 

21 

- 
- 
- 
- 
 - 
- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The above warrants in issue are exercisable at a prices of £0.008 at any time up to 3 May 2021 covering 33,556,200  
and £0.01 at any time up to 3 November 2022 covering 16,778,100  applicable in this ratio pro rata to each director’s 
holding. 

For further detail surrounding the ordinary shares, share options and warrants in issue, refer to Notes 18 and 20 of 
the annual financial statements. 
Transactions Involving Directors 

There have been no contracts or arrangements of significance during the period in which Directors of the Company, 
or their related parties, were interested other than as disclosed in Note 26 to the annual financial statements. 
Directors meetings 

The Company held twenty-five (25) Board meetings during the reporting period and the number of meetings attended 
by each of the directors of the Company during the year to 31 December 2019 were: 

Number of 
Meetings 
Attended 

Number of 
Meetings Eligible 
to Attend 

Director Name 

Position 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Louis Coetzee 
Andreas Lianos  
Noel O’Keeffe 
Lukas Maree 
Wenzel Kerremans 

Chairman 
Chief Executive Officer 
Non-Executive Financial Director 
Non-Executive Technical Director 
Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

23 
25 
24 
25 
20 
20 

25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 

Under the Company’s Memorandum & Articles of Association, one third of directors are required to retire by rotation 
from the Board on an annual basis, through resignation at the Annual General Meeting (AGM) and may put themselves 
forward again for re-election at the AGM. 
Committee meetings 

Members of the
Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee and Governance Committee were reconstituted during 
2018 to reflect changes in directors’ roles commensurate with the change in the Company’s business plan to become 
an energy development company. These changes are reflected in the committee members listed hereunder. 

The  Company  held  two  (2)  Audit  Committee  meetings  during  the  reporting  period  and  the  number  of  meetings 
Number of 
attended by each of the members during the year to 31 December 2019 were: 
Meetings Eligible 
to Attend 

Number of 
Meetings 
Attended 

Director Name 

Position 

Andreas Lianos 
Christian Schaffalitzky 
Wenzel Kerremans 

Chairman (Non-Executive) 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

2 
2 
2 

2 
2 
2 

The  Company  held  one  (1)  Remuneration  Committee  meetings  during  the  reporting  period  and  the  number  of 
meetings attended by each of the members during the year to 31 December 2019 were: 

Number of 
Meetings 
Attended 

Number of 
Meetings Eligible 
to Attend 

Director Name 

Position 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Andreas Lianos 
Wenzel Kerremans 

Chairman (Non-Executive) 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

1 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

The Company held one (1) Governance Committee meeting during the reporting period and the number of meetings 
attended by each of the members during the year to 31 December 2019 were: 

Number of 
Meetings 
Attended 

Number of 
Meetings Eligible 
to Attend 

Director Name 

Position 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Noel O’Keeffe 
Wenzel Kerremans   
Significant Shareholdings 

Chairman (Non-executive) 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

1 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

According  to  the  latest  information  available  to  the  Company,  in  addition  to  the  interests  of  the  directors,  at  31 
December 2019 and at the date of this report, the following shareholders own 3% or more beneficial interest, either 
direct or indirect, of the issued share capital of the Company, which is considered significant for disclosure purposes 
in the annual financial statements: 
Percentage of issued share capital 

22/09/20 

31/12/19 

31/12/18 

Sanderson Capital Partners Ltd
Sechaba Natural Resources Limited 
(Shumba Energy Limited)
Yakoub Yakoubov
Spreadex Ltd 

Subsidiary Undertakings 

17.59% 
- 

4.88% 
7.51% 

13.96%
10.19%

4% 
- 

8.45% 
24.6% 

- 
- 

Details of the Company’s subsidiary undertakings are set out in Note 25 to the annual financial statements. 
Political Donations 

During the period, the Group made no charitable or political contributions (2018: £ nil). 
Going Concern 

The Company and Group’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on the sourcing of additional funding 
by the directors for the foreseeable future. The future of the Company and the Group is dependent on the successful 
future outcome of its short- and medium-term ability to raise new equity funding and the successful development of 
its energy development assets and of the availability of further funding to bring these interests to production. All these 
dependencies are subject to material uncertainty but in preparing the financial statements, the Directors consider 
that they have taken into account all information that could reasonably be expected to be available. Consequently, 
they consider that it is appropriate to prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis. 
The directors are following an active approach to continuously reduce administrative costs in order to alleviate the 
pressure on cash flow, most notably the 40% reduction in the remuneration of directors and management that were 
implemented effective June 2020. 

On 17 July 2020 the Company issued a convertible loan to a consortium of lenders (together “the Investor”) which 
provides  the  facility  to  drawdown  up  to  £1  million  over  the  next  12  months  with  an  option  to  extend  availability 
period by a further 6 months by mutual agreement. The drawdown will be in four tranches of £300,000, £300,000, 
£200,000 and £200,000 and each tranche is contingent on the Company reaching certain milestones on its projects. 
Repayment will be by single bullet point payment at the end of the 12 month period of the amount outstanding at that 
time accompanied by the issue of a warrant to the Lenders to subscribe for 400 shares for every £1 borrowed over a 
period of 36 months at an exercise price of £0.0025. The Investor has the option to convert part or all of the facility 
provided to the Company, into new ordinary shares of the Company on the Investor  giving notice of conversion to 
the Company. The conversion price will be based on a 10% discount to the 5 day VWAP  at the time of the conversion 
notice or at floor price of 0.15 pence whichever is higher at the time. The fees associated with facility comprise a draw 
down  comprising 15% of each draw down amount , an arrangement fee of 7% of the total facility (£70,000) and a due 
diligence fee of £18,000. There are also terms for a buy-back option for the Company on the amount outstanding on 
the Facility at any time.   

On 17 July, contemporaneous with the signing of the Facility agreement, the Company submitted a drawdown request 
for the first tranche of £300,000 which it received on 05 August 2020. Coincident with receipt of funds the Company 
paid the first drawdown fee and the legal due diligence fee by the issue of 28,636,363 new ordinary shares to the 
Investor at a price of £0.0022. 
On 24 August 2020, the Company issued 25,925,925 shares at a price per share of £0.0027 in payment of the £70,000 
arrangement fee on the Facility and issued a further 43,750,000 shares at a price per share of 0.0024 to certain lenders 
23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

who had elected to convert their participation in the first tranche drawdown of the 05 August 2020 to Kibo shares in 
accordance with the terms of the Facility. 

The directors have reviewed budgets, projected cash flows and other relevant information, and on the basis of this 
review,  are  confident  that  the  Company  and  the  Group  will  have  adequate  financial  resources  to  continue  in 
operational existence for the foreseeable future.  
Environmental responsibility 

The Company recognises that its activities require it to have regard to the potential impact that it, its subsidiaries and 
partners may have on the environment. Where exploration and development works are carried out, care is taken to 
limit the amount of disturbance and where any remediation works are required they are carried out as and when 
required. 
Dividends 

There have been no dividends declared or paid during the current financial period (2018: £ nil). 
Corporate Governance Policy 

The Board is aware of the importance to conform to its statutory responsibilities and industry good practice in relation 
to corporate governance of the Group. 

The Board is accountable to the shareholders for delivery of sustained value growth. In order to support its duties 
and  responsibilities  the  Board  implements  control  procedures  that  assess  and  manage  risk  and  ensure  robust 
financial and operational management within the Company. The principal risks that the Company is exposed to can 
be classified under the general headings of exploration risk, commodity risk, price risk, currency risk and political 
risk. 

The  Board  also  sets  the  Company’s  core  values  and  ethical  standards  of  business  conduct  ensuring  these  are 
effectively communicated to all staff and are monitored continuously by the Board. 

The  Board  sets  the  Company’s  strategy  and  monitors  its  implementation  through  management  and  financial 
performance reviews. It also works to ensure that adequate resources are available to implement strategy in a timely 
manner. 

The Company subscribes to the values of good corporate governance at all levels and is committed to conduct business 
with  discipline,  integrity  and  social  responsibility.  The  Board  of  Directors  is  firmly  committed  to  promoting  Kibo 
Energy PLC’s adherence to the principles contained in the QCA Corporate Governance Code (2018) (“QCA Code”), and 
constantly reviews its performance against the QCA Code. The Directors are committed to the implementation of the 
principles and non-compliance is limited to the matter listed in this report. In compliance with its statutory, AIM & 
JSE listing obligations, the directors present a Corporate Governance Report on page 9.
Role of Directors 

All Board members ensure that appropriate governance procedures are adhered to and there is a clear division of 
responsibilities at Board level to ensure a balance of power and authority so that no one individual has unfettered 
powers of decision making.  

The role of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer are not held by the same director. The Chairman is a non-executive 
director.  

Board and Audit Committee meetings have been taking  place periodically and the executive directors manage the 
daily Company operations with the Board meetings taking place on a regular basis throughout the financial period. 
During the current reporting period the Board met twenty five (25) times and provided pertinent information to the 
Executive Committee of the Company.

The Board is responsible for effective control over the affairs of the Company, including: strategic and policy decision-
making  financial  control,  risk  management,  communication  with  stakeholders,  internal  controls  and  the  asset 
management process.  

Directors are entitled, in consultation with the Chairman, to seek independent professional advice about the affairs of 
the Company, at the Company’s expense. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The composition, roles and responsibilities of the board committees established by the Company are set out in the 
Corporate Governance Report.
Internal Audit 

The  Company  does  not  have  an  internal  audit  function.  Currently  the  operations  of  the  Group  do  not  warrant  an 
internal audit function, however the Board is assessing the need to establish an internal audit department considering 
future prospects as the Group’s operations increase. During the period the Board has taken responsibility to ensure 
effective governance, risk management and that the internal control environment is maintained. 
Health, Safety and Environmental Policy 

The Group is committed to high standards of Health, Safety and Environmental performance across our business. Our 
goal  is  to  protect  people,  minimise  harm  to  the  environment,  integrate  biodiversity  considerations  and  reduce 
disruption to our neighbouring communities. We seek to achieve continuous improvement in our Health, Safety and 
Environmental performance. 
Corporate Social Responsibility Policy (CSR) 

The Group’s policy is to conduct all our business operations to best industry standards and to behave in a socially 
responsible manner. Our goal is to behave ethically and with integrity and to respect cultural, national and religious 
diversity. 
Governance of IT 

The Board is responsible for IT governance as an integral part of the Group’s governance as a whole. The IT function 
is not expected to significantly change in the foreseeable future. The Board has the required policies and procedures 
in place to ensure governance of IT is adhered to. 
Integrated and Sustainability Reporting 

Integrated Reporting is defined as a “holistic and integrated representation of the Group’s performance in terms of 
both its finances and its sustainability”. The Group currently does not have a separate integrated report. The Board 
and  its  sub-committees  are  in  the  process  of  assessing  the  principles  and  practices  of  integrated  reporting  and 
sustainability  reporting to ensure  that adequate information about the operations  of  the Group, the sustainability 
issues pertinent to its business, the financial results and the results of its operations and cash flows are disclosed in a 
single report. 
Statement of Directors Responsibility 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Group  and  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable Laws and Regulations. 

Irish  Company  law  requires  the  directors  to  prepare  Group  and  parent  Company  financial  statements  for  each 
financial  period.  As  permitted  by  Company  law,  the  directors  have  prepared  the  Group  financial  statements  in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union (EU IFRS) and 
have  elected  to  prepare  the  Company  financial  statements,  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies Act 2014. 

The Group and Company financial statements are required by law and EU IFRS to present fairly the financial 
position and performance of the Group. References in the relevant part of the Companies Act 2014 to financial 
statements giving a true and fair view are provided for in the Act to mean such references to the financial 
statements achieving a fair presentation. In preparing each of the Group and Company financial statements, the 
directors are required to: 

select suitable accounting policies and apply them consistently; 
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
state  whether  applicable  accounting  standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material  departures 
disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and 
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 
Group and Company will continue in business. 

25 

• 
• 
• 

• 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The directors confirm they have complied with the above requirements in preparing these accounts.  

Under  applicable  law  the  directors  are  also  responsible  for  preparing  a  Directors’  Report  and  reports  relating  to 
directors’ remuneration and corporate governance that comply with that law and those rules.  

The directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy at any 
time the financial position of the Company and which enable them to ensure that its financial statements are prepared 
in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards,  and  comply  with  the  Companies  Act  2014,  and 
European Communities (Companies: Group Accounts) Regulations 1992 and all regulations to be construed as one 
with those acts. They are also responsible for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets 
of the Group and Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities. 

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included 
on  the  Company’s  website.  Legislation  in  the  Republic  of  Ireland  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 
The Board 

The Board is responsible for the supervision and control of the Company and is accountable to the shareholders. The 
Board has reserved decision-making on a variety of matters, including determining strategy for the Group, reviewing 
and monitoring executive management performance and monitoring risks and controls. 
Accounting records 

The  measures  taken  by  the  directors  to  ensure  compliance  with  the  requirements  in  Sections  281  to  285  of  the 
Companies Act 2014, regarding proper books of account, are the implementation of necessary policies and procedures 
for recording transactions, the employment of competent accounting personnel with appropriate expertise and the 
provision of adequate resources to the financial function. The books of account of the Company are maintained at 
Kolonakiou, 37, Linopetra, P.C. 4103, Limassol, Cyprus.  
Compliance statement 

The  directors  acknowledge  that  they  are  responsible  for  securing  the  Company's  compliance  with  the  Company's 
''relevant obligations'' within the meaning of section 225 of the Companies Act 2014 (described below as the ''relevant 
obligations'').  

The directors confirm that they have: 
•

•

drawn  up  a  compliance  policy  statement  setting  out  the  Company's  policies  (that  are,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
directors, appropriate to the Company) in respect of the Company's compliance with its Relevant Obligations; 
put in place appropriate arrangements or structures that, in the opinion of the Directors, provide a reasonable 
assurance of compliance in all material respects with the Company's Relevant Obligations; and 
during the financial year to which this report relates, conducted a review of the arrangements of structures that 
the directors have put in place to ensure material compliance with the Company's Relevant Obligations. 

•
On behalf of the Board 

Christian Schaffalitzky    

Noel O’Keeffe  

Date: 22 September 2020 

Date:  22 September 2020 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

Dear Shareholders, 

I  am  pleased  to  present  this  report  on  behalf  of  the  Audit  Committee  and  to  report  on  the  progress  made  by  the 
Committee during the year.  
Aims of the Audit Committee 

Our  purpose  is  to  assist  the  Board  in  managing  risk,  discharging  its  duties  regarding  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements,  ensure  that  a  robust  framework  of  accounting  policies  is  in  place  and  enacted  and  oversee  the 
maintenance of proper internal financial controls.

The Audit Committee consists of myself (Chairman) and two other non-executive directors, Christian Schaffalitzky 
and  Wenzel  Kerremans.  The  Committee  aims  to  meet  at  least  once  each  year  and  its  key  responsibilities  include 
monitoring  the  integrity  of  the  Group’s  financial  reporting  and  to  approve  and  recommend  the  annual  financial 
statements to the Board. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are invited to attend meetings of the 
Committee.  
The Audit Committee is committed to:  
• 

• 

• 
• 

• 

Maintaining the integrity of the financial statements of the Company and reviewing any significant reporting 
matters therein;  
Reviewing  the  Annual  &  Interim  Report  and  Accounts  and  monitoring  the  accuracy  and  fairness  of  the 
Company’s financial statements; 
Ensuring compliance of financial statements with applicable accounting standards and the AIM & JSE Rules; 
Reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal financial control environment and risk management 
systems; and 
Overseeing the relationship with and the remuneration of the external auditor, reviewing their performance 
and advising the Board members on their appointment.  

The Audit Committee met twice in 2019. 
Activities of the Audit Committee during the year 

On  behalf  of  the  Board,  the  Audit  Committee  has  closely  monitored  the  maintenance  of  internal  controls  and  risk 
management  during  the  year.  Key  financial  risks  are  reported  during  each  Audit  Committee  meeting,  including 
developments and progress made towards mitigating these risks.  

The Audit committee received and reviewed reports from the Chief Financial Officer, other members of management 
and external auditors relating to the interim and annual accounts and the accounting and internal control systems in 
use throughout the Group. 

The external auditors attended meetings to discuss the planning and conclusions of their work and met with members 
of the committee. The committee was able to call for information from management and consult with the external 
auditors directly as required. 

The  objectivity  and  independence  of  the  external  auditors  was  safeguarded  by  reviewing  the  auditors’  formal 
declarations, monitoring relationships between key audit staff and the Company and tracking the level of non-audit 
fees payable to the auditors. Significant attention was given to the level of non-audit fees provided. 

As  noted  above,  the  committee  met  twice  during  the  year,  to  review  the  2019  annual  accounts  and  the  interim 
accounts  to  30  June  2019  and  audit  planning  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2019.  Members  of  the  committee 
reviewed with the independent auditor its judgements as to the acceptability of the Company’s accounting principles. 

Since  the  year  end  the  committee  has  met  further  with  the  auditors  to  consider  the  2019  financial  statements.  In 
particular, the committee discussed the significant audit risks, accounting for acquisitions and disposals during the 
year and the application of the new accounting standard IFRS 16. In addition, the committee monitors the auditor 
firm’s independence from Company management and the Company. 
___________________________ 
Andreas Lianos 
Chairman 
Audit Committee 

22 September 2020 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

To the Shareholders of Kibo Energy Plc 

Report on the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Opinion  

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Kibo Energy Plc (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries (the 
“Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2019, which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and 
Other Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, the Company Statement of Financial 
Position,  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the  Company  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Company Statement of Cash Flows, the Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. The financial reporting framework that has 
been applied in their preparation is Irish Law and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”), as adopted 
by the EU. 
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements: 
• 

• 

• 

• 

give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Group as at 31 December 2019 and of 
the profit or loss and cash flows of the Group for the year then ended; 
give a true and fair view of the financial position of the Company as at 31 December 2019 and of the Company 
cash flows for the year then ended; 
have been properly prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”), as 
adopted by the EU; and 
have been properly prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2014. 

Basis for Opinion  

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (Ireland)  (“ISAs  (Ireland)”).  Our 
responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s  Responsibilities  for  the  Audit  of  the 
Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the 
International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants’ Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (IESBA Code), and 
we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the IESBA Code.  

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  
Material uncertainty relating to going concern  

We draw attention to page 39 of the financial statements, which details the factors the Company has considered when 
assessing the going concern position. As detailed in the relevant note on page 23, the uncertainty surrounding the 
availability of funds to finance ongoing working capital requirements indicates the existence of a material uncertainty 
that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in 
respect of this matter. 
Key Audit Matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the 
consolidated financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the  consolidated  financial  statements  as  a  whole,  and  in  forming  our  opinion  thereon,  and  we  do  not  provide  a 
separate opinion on these matters. 

How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Key audit matter 
Carrying value of indefinite life intangibles 

Intangible assets with an indefinite life must be 
tested for impairment  on an annual basis. The 
determination  of  their  recoverable  amount 
requires judgement on the part of management 
in  both 
identifying  and  then  valuing  the 
relevant  cash  generating  units  especially  for 
projects  where 
there 
timeframe. 

is  an  uncertain         

Our  procedures  to  obtain  comfort  that  the  balance  of  the 
indefinite  life  intangible  assets  is  not  materially  misstated, 
- 
included: 

Obtaining and reviewing documentation supporting the 
ownership  and  rights  and  obligations  assertions  in 
relation to the exploration and evaluation assets, as well 
as  reviewing  the  status  of  the  required  permits  and 
licenses; 
Discussing and challenging management as to the status 
of  the  project  development  and 
future  planned 
exploration and development; 
Considering and challenging management’s impairment 
review; 

28 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

The  Group  has  upstream  and  downstream 
power  generation  and  delivery  projects  in 
Tanzania (Mbeya Coal to Power (MCPP) and in 
the  United  Kingdom  (Bordersley  Power).  The 
intangible assets at 31 December 2019 totalled 
£18.5m  (2018:  £26.1m).  No  impairment  was 
recognised during the year. 
We  considered  the  risk  whether  indicators  of 
impairment may exist. 

Reorganisation of Kibo Energy Botswana 

During the year, Kibo restructured its holding in 
Kibo  Energy  Botswana  and  now  holds  35% 
(2018:  85%)  of  an  enlarged  resource  as 
disclosed in note 10 to the financial statements. 
As  a  result,  an  accounting  gain  of  £320k  was 
recognised  and  it  is  now  accounted  for  as 
investment in an associate at £9.7m.  
There is a risk that the accounting treatment of 
the  transaction  is  not  in  accordance  with  the 
applicable standards. 

Acquisition of Bordersley 

During the year, the Group acquired Bordersley 
from  a  third  party  through  a  share  issue.  The 
transaction  was  accounted  for  as  an  asset 
acquisition and gave rise to an intangible asset 
at group level. 
There  is  a  risk  that  the  transaction  is  not 
disclosed  appropriately,  that  the  accounting 
policy  selected  is  inappropriate  and  that  the 
assets acquired are materially misstated. 

- 

- 

- 

Ensuring  that  the  accounting  for  the  exploration  and 
evaluation assets was in accordance with IFRS 6; 
Confirming that the recoverable value of the underlying 
project is in excess of the carrying value of goodwill; 
Assessing  whether  the  disclosures  in  relation  to  the 
intangible  assets  are 
valuation  of  goodwill  and 
financial  reporting 
compliant  with 
requirements. 

the  relevant 

Our findings 

We  have  obtained  sufficient  comfort  that  the  Group  has 
accounted  for  its  indefinite  life  intangibles  in  accordance  with 
the applicable standards and that the accounting policies as set 
out.  

Our procedures to obtain comfort that the accounting treatment 
of the transaction is in accordance with the applicable standards, 
- 
included: 
- 

Obtaining  and  reviewing  management’s  technical 
accounting memo and the supporting calculations; 
Confirming the details of the arrangement to supporting 
documentation; 
Challenging  management’s  methodology 
to  ensure 
assumptions 
accounting gain on disposal is appropriate; 
Confirming that the resultant investment in associate is 
accounted for under equity method. 

and 
the  recognition  of 

that 

- 

- 

Our findings 

We  have  obtained  sufficient  comfort  that  the  transaction  was 
accounted for in accordance with the applicable standards and 
that  the  policy  selected  reflects  the  commercial  reality  of  the 
transaction.  

Our procedures to obtain comfort that the accounting treatment 
of the transaction is in accordance with the applicable standards, 
- 
included: 
- 

Obtaining  and  reviewing  the  documentation  and 
contracts evidencing the occurrence of the transaction; 
Obtaining evidence to support the legal title to develop 
the power generation project; 
Obtaining  and  reviewing  management’s  technical 
accounting memo and the supporting calculations; 
Challenging  management’s  accounting  methodology 
and discussing the project directly with management to 
consider  developments  since  acquisition  including 
management's plans for commercialisation. 

Our findings 

- 

- 

We  are  satisfied  that  the  acquisition  was  accounted  for  in 
accordance  with  the  applicable  standards  and  that  the  policy 
selected reflects the commercial reality of the transaction. 

Our audit procedures in relation to these matters were designed in the context of out audit opinion as a whole. They 
were not designed to enable us to express an opinion on these matters individually and we express no such opinion. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in 
the Annual report, other than the financial statements and our Auditors' report thereon. Our opinion on the financial 
statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, 
we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our 
knowledge  obtained  in  the  audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material 
inconsistencies  or  apparent  material  misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  there  is  a  material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work 
we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to 
report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 
Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2014 

Based solely on the work undertaken in the course of the audit, we report that: 

• 
• 

in our opinion, the information given in the Directors' Report is consistent with the financial statements; and 
in our opinion, the Directors' Report has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

We have obtained all the information and explanations which we consider necessary for the purposes of our audit. 

In our opinion the accounting records of the Company were sufficient to permit the financial statements to be readily 
and properly audited, and the financial statements are in agreement with the accounting records. 
Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

Based on the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, 
we have not identified any material misstatements in the Directors' Report. 

The Companies Act 2014 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion, the disclosures of directors' 
remuneration and transactions required by sections 305 to 312 of the Act are not made. We have nothing to report in 
this regard. 
Respective responsibilities and restrictions on use

Responsibilities  of  Management  and  Those  Charged  with  Governance  for  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements 

As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement on page 25, the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the consolidated financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for 
such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern 
basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic 
alternative but to do so.  

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.  
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion.  Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit  conducted  in 
accordance with ISAs (Ireland) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected 
to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements.  
As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs (Ireland), we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional 
30 
scepticism throughout the audit. We also:  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due 
to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence 
that  is  sufficient  and  appropriate  to  provide  a  basis  for  our  opinion.  The  risk  of  not  detecting  a  material 
misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, 
forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control; 
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control; 
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and 
related disclosures made by management;  
Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based 
on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that 
may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material 
uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the 
consolidated  financial  statements  or,  if  such  disclosures  are  inadequate,  to  modify  our  opinion.  Our 
conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future 
events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern; 
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including 
the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and 
events in a manner that achieves fair presentation;  
Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business 
activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible 
for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit 
opinion.  

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing 
of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify 
during our audit. 

We  also  provide  those  charged  with  governance  with  a  statement  that  we  have  complied  with  relevant  ethical 
requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may 
reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.  

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most 
significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit 
matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about 
the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our 
report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest 
benefits of such communication.  
The purpose of our audit work and to whom we owe our responsibilities 

This report is made solely to the Company's members in accordance with Section 391 of the Companies Act 2014. Our 
audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to 
state to them in an Auditors' Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept 
or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed.  

Christopher Magill F.C.A 

Crowe Ireland 
for and on behalf of 

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Audit Firm 
Marine House 
Clanwilliam Place 
Dublin 2 
Date: 

22 September 2020

31 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

All figures are stated in Sterling 

Continuing operations 

Revenue 
Administrative expenses 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Listing and capital raising fees 
Operating loss 
Exploration expenditure   

Loss before tax 
Investment and other income 

for the period 

Loss
Taxation 

Other comprehensive loss: 

Items that may be classified subsequently to profit or loss: 
Other Comprehensive loss for the period net of tax 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 
Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Loss for the period  

Attributable to the owners of the parent 
Attributable to the non-controlling interest 
Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Attributable to the owners of the parent
Attributable to the non-controlling interest
Loss Per Share 

GROUP 

31 December 
2019 

Note 

Audited 
£ 

31 December  
2018 
Audited 
£ 

-  
(2,922,927) 
- 
(729,072) 
(4,549,038) 
(897,039) 

- 
(2,045,613) 
(912,892) 
(336,807) 
(4,074,755) 
(779,443) 

(3,903,116) 
645,922 

(4,036,713) 
38,042 

(3,903,116) 
- 

(4,036,713) 
- 

2 
3 
6 

86,098 
86,098 
(3,817,018) 

(401,751) 
(401,751) 
(4,438,464) 

(3,903,116) 

(4,036,713) 

(3,500,004) 
(403,112) 
(3,817,018) 

(3,388,778) 
(647,935) 
(4,438,464) 

(3,415,653) 
(401,365) 

(3,776,894) 
(661,570) 

Basic loss per share 
Diluted loss per share 

8 
8 

(0.004) 
(0.004) 

(0.006) 
(0.006) 

All activities derive from continuing operations. 

The Group has no recognised gains or losses other than those dealt with in the Statement of Profit or Loss and Other 
Comprehensive Income. 

The accompanying notes on pages 49-75 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 22 September 2020 
and signed on its behalf by: 

On behalf of the Board 

Christian Schaffalitzky   
________________________         

Noel O’Keeffe 
________________________                            

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

All figures are stated in Sterling 

Assets 
Non-Current Assets 

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Investments in associates 
Other financial assets 
Total non-current assets 
Goodwill 

Current Assets 

Trade and other receivables 
Total current assets 
Cash 

Total Assets 
Assets classified as held for sale 

Equity and Liabilities 
Equity 

Called up share capital 
Share premium account 
Control reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Translation reserve 
Attributable to equity holders of the parent  
Retained deficit 

GROUP 

31 December 
2019 
Audited 
£ 

Note 

31 December 
2018 
Audited 
£ 

9 
10 
11 
12 
14 

15 
16 

17 

18 
18 
19 
20 
21 

20,240 
26,059,525 
- 
- 
28,589,854  26,379,765 
300,000 

64,405 
18,491,105 
9,696,683 
37,661 
300,000 

380,693 
472,327 
91,634 

89,349 
743,507 
654,158 

794,074 

- 
29,856,255  27,123,272 

17,240,017 
39,205,318 

19,532,350 
42,750,436 
(18,329) 
(18,329) 
41,807 
1,504,513 
(656,622) 
(872,942) 
28,270,074 
26,412,403 
(34,625,954)  (29,399,788) 

Total Equity 
Non-controlling interest                                                                                                             22 

28,297,147 
27,073 

26,821,574 
409,171  

Liabilities 
 Current Liabilities 

Trade and other payables 
Total Current Liabilities 
Borrowings 

Total Equity and Liabilities 
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale 

23 
24 

17 

1,024,126 
1,547,851 
523,725 

301,698 
301,698 
- 

11,257

-
29,856,255  27,123,272 

The accompanying notes on pages 49-75 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 September 2020 and signed on its behalf by: 
On behalf of the Board 

Christian Schaffalitzky   
________________________         

Noel O’Keeffe 
________________________                            

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

All figures are stated in Sterling 

Non-Current Assets 

Investments in group undertakings 
Total Non- current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Current Assets 

Trade and other receivables 
Total Current assets 
Cash 

Total Assets 

Equity and Liabilities 
Equity 

Called up share capital 
Share premium 
Share based payment reserves 
Total Equity  
Retained deficit 
Liabilities 
Current Liabilities 

Trade and other payables
Total liabilities 
Borrowings 
Total Equity and Liabilities 

Company

31 December 
2019 
Audited 
£ 

31 December 
2018 
Audited 
£ 

43,318,643 
43,318,643 
- 

37,890,651 
38,224,146 
333,495 

361,467 
392,856 
31,389 

282 
39,256 
38,974 

43,711,499 

38,263,402 

19,532,350 
42,750,436 
977,575 
43,150,817 
(20,109,544) 

17,240,017 
39,205,318 
- 
38,168,330 
(18,277,005) 

25 
15 

15 
16 

18 
18 
20 

23 
24 

265,727 
560,682 
294,955 
43,711,499 

95,072 
95,072 
           - 
38,263,402 

Equity includes a loss for the year of the parent company of £1,832,539 (2018: £2,356,473). 

The accompanying notes on pages 49-75 form integral part of these financial statements. 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 September 2020 and signed on its behalf 
by: 
On behalf of the Board 

Christian Schaffalitzky   
____________________________       

Noel O’Keeffe 
________________________                            

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

GROUP 

All figures are stated in Sterling 
Balance as at 1 January 2018 

Share 
Capital 

Share 
premium 

Share based 
payment 
reserve 

Control 
reserve 

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 

Retained deficit  Non-controlling 

Total equity 

interest 

£ 

£

£

£

£

£ 

£

14,015,670

28,469,750

556,086

(213,053) 

(268,506)

(26,534,653)

927,107

16,952,401

Loss for the year 

Adjustment arising from change in non-controlling interest 
Other comprehensive income - exchange differences on translating 
foreign operations 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

194,724 
- 

- 

(3,388,778) 

(647,935) 

(4,036,713) 

- 
(388,116) 

9,364 
- 

143,634 
(13,635) 

347,722 
(401,751) 

Proceeds of share issue of share capital 
Reclassification of share based payment reserve on expired share 
options 
Balance as at 31 December 2018

3,224,347 
- 
3,224,347 
17,240,017 

10,735,568 
- 
10,735,568 
39,205,318 

- 
(514,279) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

41,807 
(514,279)

(18,329) 
194,724

(656,622) 
(388,116)

- 
514,279 
(2,865,135) 
(29,399,788) 

- 
- 
(517,936) 
409,171 

13,959,915 
- 
9,869,173 
26,821,574 

Loss for the year 
Adjustment arising from change in non-controlling interest 
Other comprehensive income - exchange differences on translating 
foreign operations 

Disposal of subsidiary 

Proceeds of share issue of share capital 

Deferred vendor liability – equity settled 

Share options and warrants issued during the year 
Balance as at 31 December 2019 

Note 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

2,292,333 

3,545,118 

- 
2,292,333 
- 
19,532,350 

- 
3,545,118 
- 
42,750,436 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
84,351 

(3,500,004) 
(1,726,162) 
- 

(403,112) 
19,267 
1,747 

(3,903,116) 
(1,706,895) 
86,098 

(300,671) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

421,471 
1,462,706 
1,041,235 
1,504,513 

- 
- 
- 
(18,329) 

- 
(216,320) 
- 
(872,942) 

- 
(5,226,166) 
- 
(34,625,954) 

- 
(382,098) 
- 
27,073 

(300,671) 

5,837,451 

421,471 
1,475,573 
1,041,235 
28,297,147 

The notes on pages 49-75 form part of the financial statements.  

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 September 2020 and signed on its behalf by: 
On behalf of the Board 

18 

18 

20 

19 

21 

22 

_____________________________           
Christian Schaffalitzky   

____________________________ 
Noel O’Keeffe  

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                     
  
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

COMPANY 

All figures are stated in Sterling 
Balance at 1 January 2018 

Share capital 

Share premium  Share based 

payment 
reserve 

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 

Retained deficit  Total equity 

£ 

£

£

£

£

£

14,015,670 

28,469,750 

514,279 

14,723 

(16,434,811) 

26,579,611 

Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive loss - exchange differences on translating foreign operations  
Reclassification of share based payment reserve on expired share options 
Proceeds of issue of share capital 

Balance at 31 December 2018 

- 
- 
- 
3,224,347 
3,224,347 
17,240,017 

- 
- 
- 
10,735,568 
10,735,568 
39,205,318 

- 
- 
(514,279) 
- 
(514,279) 
- 

- 
(14,723) 
- 
- 
(14,723) 
- 

(2,356,473) 
- 
514,279 
- 
(1,842,194) 
(18,277,005) 

(2,356,473) 
(14,723) 
- 
13,959,915 
11,588,719 
38,168,330 

Loss for the year 
Share options and warrants issued during the year 
Proceeds of issue of share capital 
Balance at 31 December 2019 
Note 

- 
2,292,333 
2,292,333 
19,532,350 

- 
3,545,118 
3,545,118 
42,750,436 

977,575 
977,575 
- 
977,575 

(1,832,539) 
- 
(1,832,539) 
- 
(20,109,544) 

(1,832,539) 
977,575 
4,982,477 
5,837,451 
43,150,807 

- 
- 
- 
- 

17 

17 

19 

20 

The accompanying notes on pages 49-75 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 September 2020 and signed on its behalf by: 
On behalf of the Board 

Christian Schaffalitzky   
________________________         

Noel O’Keeffe   
________________________                            

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC  

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019   

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

All figures are stated in Sterling 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the period before taxation 
Adjustments for: 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Foreign exchange( gain)/loss 
Profit from the loss of control of subsidiary 
Profit from the disposal of subsidiary 
Investments acquired not for cash 
Warrants and Options issued 
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment 
Cost settled through the issue of shares 
Movement in working capital 

Increase in debtors 
Increase in creditors 
Net cash outflows from operating activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds of issue of share capital 
Repayment of borrowings 
Net cash proceeds from financing activities 
Proceeds from borrowings 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Cash forgone on disposal of subsidiary 
Net cash flows investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 

Net decrease in cash 

Cash at beginning of period 
Cash at end of the period 
Exchange movement 

Continuing operations 
Assets classified as held for sale 

GROUP 

31 December 
2019 
Audited 
£ 

Notes 

31 December 
2018 
Audited 
£ 

(3,903,116) 

(4,036,713) 

- 
- 
(320,349) 
(270,639) 
(37,661) 
1,041,235 
20,596 
(2,748,379) 
721,555 

912,892 
(270,881) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
6,805 
(3,260,931) 
126,966 

(402,661) 
355,884 
758,545 
(2,392,495) 

(30,303) 
5,177 
35,480 
(3,255,754) 

981,708 
- 
1,934,173 
952,465 

3,100,000 
(200,000) 
3,151,565 
251,565 

(8,329) 
- 
(8,329)             (21,494) 
(21,494) 
- 

(466,651) 

(125,683) 

654,158               766,586 
654,158 
98,600 
13,255 
(88,907) 

91,634 
6,966 

654,158 
- 

12 
20 
9 

15 
23 

18 
24 
24 

9 

16 

The accompanying notes on pages 49-75 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC  

 ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

All figures are stated in Sterling 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the period before taxation 
Adjusted for: 
Foreign exchange movement 
Share based payments 
Expenses settled in shares 
Impairment of investment in subsidiary 

Movement in working capital 

(Increase) / Decrease in debtors 
Increase in creditors 
Net cash outflows from operating activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds of issue of share capital 
Repayment of borrowings 
Net cash proceeds from financing activities 
Proceeds from borrowings 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Net cash flow from acquisition of subsidiaries 
Net cash used in investing activities 
Cash advances to Group Companies 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash 

Cash at end of the period 
Cash at beginning of period 

COMPANY 

31 December  
2019 
Audited 
£ 

Notes 

31 December  
2018 
Audited 
£ 

(1,832,539) 

(2,356,473) 

- 
977,575 
211,788 
(633,175) 
- 

12,437 
104,302 

(606,106) 
1,633,628 

(27,690) 
142,965 
170,655 
(490,210) 

131 
8,467 
8,336 
(597,639) 

981,708 
- 
1,526,663 
544,955 

2,750,000 
(200,000) 
2,801,565 
251,565 

15 
23 

18 
24 
24 

- 
(1,044,038) 
(1,044,038) 

(75,000) 
(2,170,642) 
(2,095,642) 

25 

(7,585) 
38,974 
31,389 

33,284 
5,690 
38,974 

16 

The accompanying notes on pages 49-75 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

General Information 

Kibo Energy PLC (“the Company”) is a Company incorporated in Ireland. The Group financial statements consolidate 
those of the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”). 

The principal activities of the Company and its subsidiaries are related to the exploration for and development of 
multi-asset energy projects in Sub Saharan Africa, and the United Kingdom. 

The  individual  financial  statements  of  the  Company  (“Company  financial  statements”)  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance with the Companies Act 2014 which permits a Company that publishes its Company and Group financial 
statements together, to take advantage of the exemption in Section 293 of the Companies Act 2014, from presenting 
to its members its Company Income Statement and related notes that form part of the approved Company financial 
statements. 
Statement of Compliance 

As  permitted  by  the  European  Union,  the  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and their interpretations issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board (IASB) as adopted by the EU (IFRS).  

The IFRS adopted by the EU as applied by the Company and the Group in the preparation of these financial statements 
are those that were effective at 31 December 2019. 
Statement of Accounting Policies 

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated 
financial statements, other than the adoption of IFRS 16 in the current financial period. 
Basis of Preparation 

The Group and Company financial statements are prepared on the historical cost basis. The accounting policies have 
been  applied  consistently  by  Group  entities,  except  for  the  adoption  of  new  standards  and  interpretations  which 
became effective in the current year. The Group and Company financial statements have been prepared on a going 
concern basis as explained in the notes to the financial statements. 

The individual financial information of each Group entity is measured and presented in the currency of the primary 
economic environment in which the entity operates (its functional currency). The consolidated financial information 
of  the  Group  is  presented  in  Pounds  Sterling,  which  is  the  presentation  currency  for  the  Group.  The  functional 
currency of each of the Group entities is the local currency of each individual entity. 
Going Concern 

The Group currently generates no revenue and had net assets of £28,297,147 (2018: £26,821,574) as at 31 December 
2019. 

The Directors have reviewed budgets, projected cash flows and other relevant information, and on the basis of this 
review and the below, they are confident that the Company and the Group will have adequate financial resources to 
continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.   

In the event that the Company is not able to raise further funding, and before any mitigating actions are taken, the 
Company has sufficient funds for its present working capital requirements through to the end of February 2021. The 
Directors though continue to review the Group’s options to secure additional funding for its general working capital 
requirements, alongside its ongoing review of potential acquisition targets and corporate development needs.  The 
Directors are confident in this light that such funding will be available, although there is no guarantee as to the terms 
of such funding or that such funding will be available.  In addition, any equity funding may be subject to shareholder 
approvals in line with legal and regulatory requirements as appropriate. As a result, the Directors continue to monitor 
and manage the Company’s cash and overheads carefully in the best interests of its shareholders.  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Whilst the Directors continue to consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis 
the above constitutes a material uncertainty that shareholders should be aware of. 
Use of Estimates and Judgements 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  EU  IFRS  requires  management  to  make  judgements, 
estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  accounting  policies  and  the  reported  amounts  of  assets, 
liabilities, income and expenses. 

The  estimates  and  associated  assumptions  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  various  other  factors  that  are 
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgements about 
carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. 

In  particular,  there  are  significant  areas  of  estimation,  uncertainty  and  critical  judgements  in  applying  accounting 
policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements. 
• 
The following key areas of estimation uncertainty exist: 
• 

Valuation of mining licence and intangible assets; and 
Valuation of investment in associate. 

• 
The following key areas of judgement exist: 
• 
• 

Recognition and measurement of exploration and evaluation expenditure; 
Share based payment transactions; 
Fair value determination of unlisted investments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income; 
and 
Consolidation of Joint Venture interest. 

Valuation of mining licence and intangible assets– significant estimate concerning valuation 

• 

The Group holds a number of mining rights and intangible assets. These assets are considered unique and a fair market 
price is not easily obtainable. In instances where these assets were acquired by means of shares issued, management 
has applied the provisions of IFRS 2 to value the assets based on the fair value of the instruments granted. 
Valuation of investment in associate– significant estimate concerning valuation 

Following the disposal of the controlling  interest held in Mabesekwa Coal  during the current financial period,  the 
remaining interest in the Mabesekwa Coal indicated the existence of significant influence, thus the remaining equity 
investment  is  recognised  as  an  investment  in  associate.  The  principal  asset  held  by Mabesekwa  Coal comprises  a 
mining licence for a prospective coal asset where previous work had identified an indicative resource. The asset is 
considered  to  be  unique  and  a  fair  market  price  is  not  easily  obtainable.  The  overall  value  of  the  investment  in 
associate, however, was separately reviewed by the independent directors, as announced to the market on various 
occasions.  
Exploration and evaluation expenditure – significant judgement concerning the choice of accounting policy 

In line with the Group’s accounting policy, all the exploration and evaluation expenditure has been charged to profit 
or loss, as in the judgement of the Directors the commercial viability of the mineral deposits had not been established. 
If a policy of capitalisation of exploration expenditure had been adopted an amount of £897,039 would have been 
capitalised in the current year (2018: £779,443). 
Share- based payments – significant judgment concerning the method of valuation and key inputs applied 

In  order  to  calculate  the  charge  for  share-based  payments  as  required  by  IFRS  2,  the  Group  makes  estimates 
principally relating to the assumptions used in its option-pricing model. Refer to Note 20 for details on valuation of 
share-based payments, including options granted and warrants granted. 
Fair value determination of unlisted investments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income 

The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market has been determined using the cost 
approach, being the amount that would be required to replace the asset. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Consolidation of Joint Venture interest 

In the prior year Kibo entered into a Joint Venture Agreement (“JV”) acquiring a 65% equity interest in the Benga 
Power Plant Project (“BPPP”). Although the agreement refers to the existence of a 65% equity stake, and Kibo’s ability 
to  appoint  three  of  five  management  committee  members,  all  decisions  presented  in  front  of  the  management 
committee requires absolute agreement by all committee members before it stands, failing which it would result in a 
decision  to  be  made  between  the  two  respective  CEO’s  of  the  participating  entities  in  the  JV.  Furthermore,  the 
participating interest only allows to partake in the net revenue of the JV. 
Consolidation  

The consolidated annual financial statements comprise the financial statements of Kibo Energy Plc and its subsidiaries 
for the year ended 31 December 2019, over which the Company has control. 
• 
Control is achieved when the Company: 
• 
has the power over the investee; 
• 
is exposed, or has rights, to variable return from its involvement with the investee; and 
has the ability to use its power to affect its returns.  

The  Company  reassesses  whether  or  not  it  controls  an  investee  if  facts  and  circumstance  indicate  that  there  are 
changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above. 

In  assessing  control,  potential  voting  rights  that  are  currently  exercisable  or  convertible  are  taken  into  account. 
Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.  

Accounting  policies  of  subsidiaries  have  been  changed  where  necessary  to  ensure  consistency  with  the  policies 
adopted by the Group. 

Intragroup balances and any unrealised gains or losses or income or expenses arising from intragroup transactions 
are eliminated in preparing the Group financial statements, except to the extent they provide evidence of impairment. 

The Group accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting. The cost of the business 
combination is measured as the aggregate of the fair values of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed and equity 
instruments issued. Costs directly attributable to the business combination are expensed as incurred, except the costs 
to issue debt  which are amortised as  part of the effective interest and costs to issue equity  which are included in 
equity. 

The acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities which meet the recognition conditions of IFRS 
3 Business Combinations are recognised at their fair values at acquisition date. 

Contingent liabilities are only included in the identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree where there is a present 
obligation at acquisition date. 

Non-controlling interest arising from a business combination is measured either at their share of the fair value of the 
assets and liabilities of the acquiree or at fair value. The treatment is not an accounting policy choice but is selected 
for each individual business combination, and disclosed in the note for business combinations. 

Changes  in  the  Group’s  interest  in  subsidiaries  that  do  not  result  in  a  loss  of  control  are  accounted  for  as  equity 
transactions. 

Upon the loss of control, the Company derecognises the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any non-controlling 
interests and the other components  of equity  related to the subsidiary. Any  resulting gain  or loss is recognised in 
profit or loss. If the Company retains any interest in the previous subsidiary, such interest is measured at fair value at 
the date that control is lost. 

Any gain from the acquisition of a subsidiary or gain/loss from the disposal of subsidiary will be recognised through 
profit and loss in the current financial period. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Business combinations involving entities under common control 

Business combinations involving entities under common control comprise business combinations where both entities 
remain under the ultimate control of the holding company before and after the combination, and that control is not 
transitory. The group applies merger accounting for all its common control transactions from the date that it obtains 
• 
control. In terms of this: 
• 
• 

the assets and liabilities of the acquiree are recorded at their existing carrying amounts (not fair value); 
if necessary, adjustments are made to achieve uniform accounting policies; 
intangible assets and contingent liabilities are recognised only to the extent that they were recognised  by the 
acquiree in accordance with applicable IFRS; 
no goodwill is recognised. Any difference between the acquirer’s cost of investment and the acquiree’s equity is 
presented separately directly in equity as a common control reserve (CCR) on consolidation; 
any non-controlling interest is measured as a proportionate share of the carrying amounts of the related assets 
and liabilities (as adjusted to achieve uniform accounting policies); and 
any expenses of the combination are written off immediately in profit or loss, except for the costs to issue debt 
which are amortised as part of the effective interest and costs to issue equity which are recognised within equity. 

• 

• 

• 

When control is lost, resulting in the common control of entities, the  balance of CCR recognised in respect of that 
acquisition is realised directly to retained earnings on the effective date when control is lost. 
Intangible Assets 

An  intangible  asset  is  regarded  as  having  an  indefinite  useful  life  when,  based  on  all  relevant  factors,  there  is  no 
foreseeable  limit  to  the  period  over  which  the  asset  is  expected  to  generate  net  cash  inflows.  Amortisation  is  not 
provided  for  these  intangible  assets  but  they  are  tested  for  impairment  annually  or  more  frequently  if  events  or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired, and it is subsequently carried at cost less 
accumulated  impairment  losses.  Intangible  assets  comprise  the  acquisition  of  rights  to  explore  in  relation  to  the 
Group’s exploration and evaluation activities. Intangible assets comprise fair value allocated to exploration projects 
purchased through business combination for which no useful life has been accurately determined.  

Irrespective of whether there is any indication of impairment, the Group also tests intangible assets not yet available 
for use for impairment annually by comparing its carrying amount with its recoverable amount. This impairment test 
is performed during the annual period and at the same time every period. 
Investments in associates 

Associates are all entities over which the group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a 
shareholding between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity 
method of accounting. 

Under  the  equity  method,  the  investment  is  initially  recognised  at  cost,  and  the  carrying  amount  is  increased  or 
decreased to recognise the investor’s share of the profit or loss of the investee after the date of acquisition. 

If the ownership interest in an associate is reduced but significant influence is retained, only a proportionate share of 
the amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income is reclassified to profit or loss where appropriate. 

The group’s share of post-acquisition profit or loss is recognised in the statement of profit or loss, and its share of 
post-acquisition  movements  in  other  comprehensive  income  is  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  with  a 
corresponding adjustment to the carrying amount of the investment. When the group’s share of losses in an associate 
equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the group does not recognise 
further losses, unless it has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. 

The  group  determines  at  each  reporting  date  whether  there  is  any  objective  evidence  that  the  investment  in  the 
associate is impaired. If this is the case, the group calculates the amount of the impairment as the difference between 
the  recoverable  amount  of  the  associate  and  its  carrying  value  and  recognises  the  amount  adjacent  to  share  of 
profit/(loss) of associates in the statement of comprehensive income. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Exploration & Evaluation Assets 

Exploration  and  evaluation  activity  involves  the  search  for  mineral  resources,  the  determination  of  technical 
feasibility and the assessment of commercial viability of an identified resource. Exploration and evaluation activity 
• 
includes: 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

researching and analysing historical exploration data; 
gathering exploration data through topographical, geochemical and geophysical studies; 
exploratory drilling, trenching and sampling; 
determining and examining the volume and grade of the resource; 
surveying transportation and infrastructure requirements; and 
conducting market and finance studies. 

Exploration  and  evaluation  expenditure  is  charged  to  the  Statement  of  Profit  or  Loss  as  incurred  except  in  the 
following circumstances, in which case the expenditure may be capitalised:  

• In respect of minerals activities: 

-

-

the exploration and evaluation activity is within an area of interest which was previously acquired as an asset 
acquisition or in a business combination and measured at fair value on acquisition; or 
the existence of a commercially viable mineral deposit has been established. 

Capitalised exploration and evaluation expenditure considered to be tangible is recorded as a component of property, 
plant and equipment at cost less impairment charges. Otherwise, it is recorded as an intangible. 

Intangible  assets  all  relate  to  exploration  and  evaluation  expenditure  which  are  carried  at  cost  with  an  indefinite 
useful life and therefore are reviewed for impairment annually and when there are indicators of impairment. Where 
a potential impairment is indicated, assessment is performed for each area of interest in conjunction with the group 
of operating assets (representing a cash generating unit) to which the exploration is attributed. Exploration areas at 
which  reserves  have  been  discovered  but  require  major  capital  expenditure  before  production  can  begin,  are 
continually evaluated to ensure that commercial quantities of reserves exist or to ensure that additional exploration 
work is under way or planned.  
Impairment 

Non-financial assets 

Assets are reviewed for impairment at each reporting date or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  for  the  amount  by  which  the 
asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. 

The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of 
assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows 
(cash generating units). 

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the 
carrying  amount  of  the  asset  (cash-generating  unit)  is  reduced  to  its  recoverable  amount.  An  impairment  loss  is 
recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss immediately.  
Property, Plant and Equipment  

Property, Plant and Equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation.  

Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items of property, plant and equipment. 
The cost of self-constructed items of property, plant and equipment includes the cost of materials and direct labour, 
any other costs directly attributable to bringing the items of property, plant and equipment to a working condition 
for its intended use, and the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are 
located. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate 
items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. 

Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost less residual value of each asset over its expected 
useful life, as follows:  

-
-
-
-
-
-

Office equipment between 12.5% to 37.5% straight line; 
Plant & machinery at 20% straight line; 
Furniture & fixtures at 12.5% straight line; 
Motor vehicles at 25% straight line; 
Right of Use assets straight line over the lease term; and 
I.T. Equipment at 20% straight line 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date. Useful lives are affected 
by  technology  innovations,  maintenance  programmes  and  future  economic  benefits.  Residual  value  assessments 
consider issues such as future market conditions, the remaining life of the asset and projected disposal values.  

On disposal of property, plant and equipment the cost and the related accumulated depreciation and impairments are 
removed  from  the  financial  statements  and  the  net  amount,  less  any  proceeds,  is  taken  to  the  Statement  of 
Comprehensive Income. 
Right-of-use assets 

The Group has adopted IFRS 16 for the first time during the period ended 31 December 2019.  

IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 Leases (IAS 17), IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease (IFRIC 4), 
SIC 15 Operating Leases-Incentives and SIC 27 Evaluating the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of 
a Lease. The standard establishes a new definition and criteria to identify whether a contract is, or contains, a lease 
as well as principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases. For lessee accounting, a 
single accounting model is introduced that requires lessees to recognise assets and liabilities for all leases.  

The Group has elected to apply the modified retrospective approach, where the Right of Use assets equal the lease 
liabilities,  classified  as  part  of  trade  and  other  payables,  on  transition.  There  is  no  restatement  of  comparative 
information  and  the  cumulative  effect  of  initially  applying  IFRS  16  is  recognised  as  an  adjustment  to  the  opening 
balance of retained earnings. 

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group recognised lease liabilities in relation to leases which had previously been classified 
as operating leases under the principles of IAS 17 Leases. These liabilities were measured at the present value of the 
remaining lease payments, discounted using the lessee’s weighted average incremental borrowing rate as of 1 January 
2019. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied to the lease liabilities on 1 January 2019 ranged from 
10.25% to 11.5% per annum. 

The associated Right of Use assets for the property leases were measured on a modified retrospective basis, with the 
new rules applied effective 1 January 2019. The right of use assets were measured at the amount equal to the lease 
liability on adoption date. 

• 

• 
• 

In applying IFRS 16 for the first time, the group applied the following practical expedients permitted by the standard: 
the accounting for operating leases with a remaining lease term of less than 12 months as at 1 January as 
short term leases; 
the exclusion of initial direct costs for the measurement of the right-of-use asset at transition date; 
the use of hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate 
the lease. 

Income Tax 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognised in the Income Statement 
except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in equity.  

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively 
enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. 

Deferred tax is recognised using the balance sheet method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying 
amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  taxation  purposes. 
Deferred tax is not recognised for the following temporary differences: the initial recognition of goodwill, the initial 
recognition  of  assets  or  liabilities  in  a  transaction  that  is  not  a  business  combination  and  that  affects  neither 
accounting nor taxable profit, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they probably 
will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to 
the temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by 
the reporting date. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against 
which temporary difference can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced 
to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 
Employee benefits 

Defined contribution plans 

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a 
separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions 
to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the periods 
during which related services are rendered by employees. Pre-paid contributions are recognised as an asset to the 
extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available. Contributions to a defined contribution plan 
that  are  made  more  than  12  months  after  the  end  of  the  period  in  which  the  employees  render  the  service  are 
discounted to their present value. 
Short-term benefits 

Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured  on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as  the related 
service is provided. 

A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonuses or profit-sharing plans if 
the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by 
the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. 
Foreign Currencies 

Functional and presentation currency 

Items  included  in  the  financial  statements  of  each  of  the  Group’s  entities  are  measured  using  the  currency  of  the 
primary  economic  environment  in  which  the  entity  operates  (“the  functional  currency”).  The  consolidated  annual 
financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is the Group’s presentation currency. This is also the functional 
currency of the Company and is considered by the Board also to be appropriate for the purposes of preparing the 
Group financial statements.  
Transactions and balances  

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the 
dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and 
from the translation at period end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies 
are recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss.  
Group companies  

The results and financial position of all the Group entities (none  of  which has  the currency  of a hyperinflationary 
economy)  that  have  a  functional  currency  different  from  the  presentation  currency  are  translated  into  the 
presentation currency as follows:  

• 

monetary assets and liabilities for each Statement of Financial Position presented are presented at the closing 
rate at the date of that Statement of Financial Position. Non-monetary items are measured at the exchange 
rate in effect at the historical transaction date and are not translated at each Statement of Financial Position 
date; 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

• 

• 

income and expenses for each Statement of Profit or Loss are translated at average exchange rates (unless 
this  average  is  not  a  reasonable  approximation  of  the  cumulative  effect  of  the  rates  prevailing  on  the 
transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the dates of the transaction): and 
all  resulting  exchange  differences  are  recognised  as  a  separate  component  of  equity.  On  consolidation, 
exchange differences arising from the translation of monetary items receivable from foreign subsidiaries for 
which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future are taken to shareholders 
equity. When a foreign operation is sold, such exchange differences are recognised in the Statement of Profit 
or Loss as part of the gain or loss on sale. 

Finance income and expense 

Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested, dividend income, gains on the disposal of available-for-
sale financial assets, and changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Interest income 
is recognised as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest method. Dividend income is recognised in profit 
or loss on the date that the Group’s right to receive payment is established, which in the case of listed securities is the 
ex-dividend date. 

Finance expenses comprise interest expense on borrowings, unwinding of discount on provisions, changes in the fair 
value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, impairment losses recognised on financial assets and losses 
on forward exchange contracts that are recognised in profit or loss. All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or 
loss using the effective interest method. 
Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis.  
Earnings per Share 

The Group presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS is calculated by 
dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable 
to  ordinary  shareholders  and  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  for  the  effects  of  all 
dilutive potential ordinary shares.  
Financial Instruments 

Recognition 

Financial instruments comprise loans receivable, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, trade and 
other payables, other financial liabilities and bank overdrafts. 

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position when the Group becomes 
a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.  
Classification 

The  Group  classifies  financial  assets  on  initial  recognition  as  measured  at  amortised  cost  as  the  Group’s  business 
model and objective is to hold the financial asset in order to collect the contractual cash flow and the contractual terms 
allows for cash flows on specified dates for the payment of the principal amounts outstanding. 

Financial liabilities are classified at amortised cost.  

Financial assets 

Classification  

Loans to Group Companies 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Financial liabilities 

Loans from Group Companies 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Bank overdraft 

Financial assets at amortised cost 
Financial assets at amortised cost 
Financial assets at amortised cost 
Classification 

Financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost 

46 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Financial assets are classified as current if expected to be realised or settled within 12 months from the reporting 
date; if not, they are classified as non-current. Financial liabilities are classified as non-current if the Group has an 
unconditional right to defer payment for more than 12 months from the reporting date.  
Measurement on Initial recognition 

All financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value, including transaction costs. 
Subsequent measurement 

Financial  assets  held  at  amortised  cost  are  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest 
method, less any impairment losses.  

Foreign exchange gains and losses and impairments are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on de-recognition 
is recognised in profit or loss. 

Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 
De-recognition 

Financial assets are derecognised when the rights to receive cash flows from the assets have expired or have been 
transferred and the group has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. 

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the obligations specified in the contracts are discharged, cancelled or 
expire.  
On de-recognition of a financial asset/liability, any difference between the carrying amount extinguished and the 
consideration paid is recognised in profit or loss. 
Impairment of Financial Assets not carried at Fair value 

Under IFRS 9 the Group calculates its allowance for credit losses as expected credit losses (ECLs) for financial assets 
measured at amortised cost. ECLs are a probability weighted estimate of credit losses. 

To calculate ECLs the Group groups trade receivables and loans to Group companies by customer type and ageing. 
The Group applies the standard ECL approach to determine the ECL for trade receivables loans to Group companies. 
This results in calculating lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables and loans to Group companies.  
Share based payments 

For such grants of share options qualifying as equity-settled share based payments, the fair value as at the date of 
grant is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, taking into account the terms and conditions upon 
which the options were granted. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of 
share options that are likely to vest, except where forfeiture is only due to market based conditions not achieving the 
threshold for vesting.  
Share capital 

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares are recognised directly in equity.  
Segment reporting 

The Group determines and presents operating segments based on the information that is internally provided to the 
Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker. A segment is a distinguishable component of the 
Group that is engaged either in providing related products or services (business segment), or in providing products 
or services within a particular economic environment (geographical segment), which is subject to risks and returns 
that are different from those of the other segments. The Group’s primary format for segment reporting is based on 
business segments. The business segments are determined based on the reporting business units. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS  

Standards issued but not yet effective: 

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the following standards and interpretations relevant to the 
Group and which have not been applied in these financial statements, were in issue but were not yet effective. In some 
cases these standards and guidance have not been endorsed for use in the European Union.

Standard 

Effective date, 
annual period 
beginning on or 
after 

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements 

Definition  of  Material:  The  amendments  clarify  and  align  the  definition  of  ‘material’  and 
provide guidance to help improve consistency in the application of that concept whenever it is 
used in IFRS Standards. 

1 January 2020 

Classification of Liabilities as Current or Noncurrent: Narrow-scope amendments to IAS 1 to 
clarify how to classify debt and other liabilities as current or non-current. 
IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors 

1 January 2023 

Definition  of  Material:  The  amendments  clarify  and  align  the  definition  of  ‘material’  and 
provide guidance to help improve consistency in the application of that concept whenever it is 
used in IFRS Standards. 

1 January 2020 

The  directors  anticipate  that  the  adoption  of  these  Standards  and  Interpretations  in  future  periods  will  have  no 
material impact on the financial statements of the Group.  

The Group expects to adopt all relevant standards and interpretations as and when they become effective. 
Standards and interpretations which are effective in the current period (Changes in accounting policies): 

The Group has adopted all new accounting standards that became effective in the current reporting period. IFRS 16 
Leases (“IFRS 16”) is the only new standard which is applicable to the Group’s operations at this stage. 

IFRS 16 introduces a single lessee accounting model and requires a lessee to recognise assets and liabilities for all 
leases with a term of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset is of low value. A lessee is required to recognise 
a  right-of-use  asset  representing  its  right  to  use  the  underlying  leased  asset  and  a  lease  liability  representing  its 
obligation to make lease payments. A lessee measures right-of-use assets similarly to other non-financial assets (such 
as property, plant and equipment) and lease liabilities similarly to other financial liabilities. As a consequence, a lessee 
recognizes depreciation of the right-of-use asset and interest on the lease liability, and also classifies cash repayments 
of the lease liability into a principal portion and an interest portion and presents them in the statement of cash flows.  

The  group  leases,  as  lessee,  offices  in  South  Africa  and  Tanzania.  The  table  below  shows  the  financial  impact  of 
associated with the recognition and measurement of the Right to Use Asset and corresponding Lease liabilities at 1 
January 2019: 

Right of use asset recognised 
Lease liability recognised 

Depreciation expensed 
Effect of discounting using the weighted average incremental borrowing rate at 1 January 2019 

11,011 
(11,011) 

1,943 
(601) 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

1.  Segment analysis 

IFRS 8 requires an entity to report financial and descriptive information about its reportable segments, which are operating segments or aggregations of operating segments 
that meet specific criteria. Operating segments are components of an entity about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Chief 
Operating decision maker. The Chief Executive Officer is the Chief Operating decision maker of the Group.  

2019 Group 

Management currently identifies individual projects as  operating segments.  These operating segments are monitored and strategic decisions are made based upon their 
individual nature, together with other non-financial data collated from exploration activities. Principal activities for these operating segments are as follows: 
31 December 
2019 (£) 
Group 

Mabesekwa 
Independent 
Power 

Mbeya Coal to 
Power 

Mast Energy 
Development 

Lake 
Victoria 
Gold 

Benga 
Power 

Corporate 

Haneti 

Administrative cost 
Listing and Capital raising fees 
Exploration expenditure 
Loss after tax 
Investment and other income 

2018 Group 

(88,396) 
- 
(16,252) 
(104,648) 
- 

Benga Power 

(37,384) 
- 
(17,393) 
(54,777) 
- 

Mabesekwa 
Independent 
Power 

(272,399) 
- 
(456,205) 
(724,425) 
4,179 

(32,467) 
- 
(306,000) 
(338,458) 
9 

(8,670) 
- 
(46,799) 
(55,469) 
- 

Mbeya Coal to 
Power 

Mast Energy 
Development 

Administrative cost 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Listing and Capital raising fees 
Exploration expenditure 
Profit/ (Loss) after tax 
Investment and other income 

(18,247) 
- 
- 

(1,347) 
(19,594) 
- 

(21,612) 
- 
- 

- 
(21,612) 
- 

(231,919) 
- 
- 

(700,356) 
(913,597) 
18,678 

(20,000) 
- 
- 

- 
(20,000) 
- 

49 

(228,770) 
- 
(54,390) 
(281,511) 
1,649 

Lake 
Victoria 
Gold

(308,082) 
- 
- 
(67,577) 
(375,659) 

(2,683,616) 
(300,297) 
- 
(2,343,828) 
640,085 

Corporate

(3,351,702) 
(300,297) 
(897,039) 
(3,903,116) 
645,922 

31 December 
2018 (£) 
Group 

(1,433,551) 
(912,892) 
(336,807) 
- 
(2,682,557) 
693 

(2,045,612) 
(912,892) 
(336,807) 
(779,443) 
(4,036,714) 
38,042 

Haneti 

(12,202) 
- 
- 

(10,163) 
(3,694) 
18,671 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

2019 Group

Assets 

Segment assets 
Liabilities 

Benga Power 

Mabesekwa 
Independent 
Power 

Mbeya 
Coal to 
Power 

Mast Energy 
Development 

Haneti 

Lake 
Victoria Gold 

Corporate 

31 
December 
2019 (£) 
Group 

835 

9,697,694  15,965,122 

3,129,305 

3,938 

23,745 

1,035,616  29,856,255 

Segment liabilities 
Other Significant items 

36,195 

8,940 

206,421 

234,175 

Depreciation 
2018 Group

Assets 

Segment assets 
Liabilities 

- 

- 

35,093 

1,459,755 

1,980,579 

- 

- 

20,596 

655 

- 

19,941 

- 

Benga Power 

Mabesekwa 
Independent 
Power 

Mbeya Coal 
to Power 

Mast Energy 
Development 

Haneti 

Lake Victoria 
Gold

Corporate

31 
December 
2018 (£) 
Group 

1,378 

9,364,008 

16,110,495 

300,100 

355 

98,521 

1,248,415  27,123,272 

Segment liabilities 
Other Significant items 

9,559 

6,411 

104,730 

8,000 

8,378 

123,869 

40,751 

301,698 

Depreciation 

681 

- 

6,124 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,805 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Geographical segments 

The Group operates in six principal geographical areas – Corporate (Ireland, Cyprus, South Africa & United Kingdom) and Mining (Tanzania, and Botswana). 

Carrying value of segmented assets  
Loss after tax 

69,017 
(515,746) 

9,377,323 
(18,220) 

15,868 
(1,029,079) 

Tanzania 

Botswana 

Cyprus 

Tanzania 

Botswana 

Cyprus 

Ireland,  United 
Kingdom, South 
Africa

31 December 2019 (£) 

20,394,047 
(2,340,071) 

Ireland,  United 
Kingdom, South 
Africa  

29,856,255 
(3,903,116) 

31 December 2018 
(£) 

Carrying value of segmented assets  
Loss after tax 

260,448 
(664,948) 

- 
- 

9,365,454 
(88,294) 

17,497,370 
(3,283,471) 

27,123,272 
(4,036,713) 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

2.  Investment and other Income 

Foreign exchange gains 
Other income 
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries 

31 December 
2019 (£) 

31 December 
2018 (£) 

- 
54,862 
645,922 
591,060 

13,948 
24,094 
38,042 
- 

Profit  on  disposal  of  subsidiaries  in  the  amount  of  £591,060  comprises  £320,371  on  the  disposal  of  50%  equity 
interest held in Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd, which includes the impact associated with the de-recognition of the 
intangible assets relating to the Mabesekwa Coal to Power Project and subsequent recognition of the remaining equity 
interest in the Mabesekwa Coal to Power Project at its fair value, together with £270,689 on the disposal of 95% equity 
interest held in Mzuri Exploration Services Ltd (Tanzania). 
3.  Loss on ordinary activities before taxation 

Operating loss is stated after the following key transactions: 

31  
December 
2019 (£) 
Group 

31 
December 
2018 (£) 
Group 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment of Group financial statements 
Auditors’ remuneration for audit of Group and Company financial statements 
Auditors’  remuneration  audit  of  the  financial  statements  of  the  company’s 
subsidiaries  

4.  Staff costs (including Directors) 

20,596 
45,000 
140,765 

6,805 
45,000 
22,000 

Group  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Group  
31 December  
2018 (£) 

Company  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Company  
31 December  
2018 (£) 

Wages and salaries  
Share based remuneration 

644,903 
1,050,248 
405,345 

663,470 
663,470 
- 

273,632 
475,692 
202,060 

353,484 
353,484 
- 

The average monthly number of employees (including executive Directors) during the period was as follows: 

Group  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Group  
31 December  
2018 (£) 

Company  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Company  
31 December  
2018 (£) 

Exploration activities 
Administration

5.  Directors’ emoluments 

10 
16 
6 

10 
16 
6 

1 
2 
1 

1 
2 
1 

Group  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Group  
31 December  
2018 (£) 

Company  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Company  
31 December  
2087 (£) 

Basic salary and fees – paid in cash  
Share based payments 

323,306 
548,488 
225,182 

441,558 
441,558 
- 

273,632 
475,692 
202,060 

353,484 
353,484 
- 

The emoluments of the Chairman were £43,588 (2018: £15,963). 
The emoluments of the highest paid director were £245,291 (2018: £198,552). 

Directors received shares in the value of £151,003 during the year (2018: £ NIL) in lieu of settlement of salaries not 
settled in cash due to the cash flow constraints experienced during the reporting period. 
52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Share warrants to the value of £74,179 (2018: £Nil) were issued to directors during the year. 

Key  management  personnel  consist  only  of  the  Directors.  Details  of  share  options  and  interests  in  the  Company’s 
shares  of  each  director  are  shown  in  the  Directors’  report.  The  following  table  summarises  the  remuneration 
applicable to each of the individuals who held office as a director during the reporting period: 

31 December 2019 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Louis Coetzee 
Noel O’Keeffe 
Lukas Maree 
Wenzel Kerremans 
Total 
Andreas Lianos 

31 December 2018 

Christian Schaffalitzky 
Louis Coetzee 
Noel O’Keeffe 
Lukas Maree 
Wenzel Kerremans 
Total 
Andreas Lianos 

6.  Taxation 

Current tax 

Salary and 
fees 
settled in 
cash 
£ 

Salary and 
fees settled 
in shares  
£ 

17,517 
168,522 
49,674 
57,626 
11,333 
323,306 
18,634 
Salary and 
fees 
settled in 
cash 
£ 

15,963 
198,552 
88,039 
54,947 
13,272 
441,558 
70,785 

17,483 
51,480 
15,505 
20,185 
3,667 
151,003 
42,683 
Salary and 
fees settled 
in shares  
£ 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Warrants 
issued 
£ 

8,588 
25,289 
7,616 
9,915 
1,801 
74,179 
20,970 

Warrants 
issued 
£ 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

     Total 
£ 

43,588 
245,291 
72,796 
87,726 
16,801 
548,488 
82,287 

     Total 
£ 

15,963 
198,552 
88,039 
54,947 
13,272 
441,558 
70,785 

31 December 
2019 (£) 

31 December 
2018 (£) 

Charge  for  the  period  in  Ireland,  Republic  of  South  Africa,  Cyprus, 
Total tax charge 
United Kingdom and Republic of Tanzania 

- 
- 

- 
- 

The difference between the total current tax shown above and the amount calculated by applying the standard rate 
2018 (£) 
of Irish corporation tax of 12.5% to the loss before tax is as follows: 
(4,036,713)

2019 (£) 
(3,903,116) 

Loss on ordinary activities before tax 

Income tax expense calculated at 12.5% (2018: 12.5%) 

(487,890) 

(504,589) 

Income which is not taxable 
Expenses which are not deductible 
Losses available for carry forward 
Income tax expense recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss 

(80,740) 
- 
568,630 
- 

- 
114,111 
390,478 
- 

The effective tax rate used for the December 2019 and December 2018 reconciliations above is the corporate rate of 
12.5% payable by corporate entities in Ireland on taxable profits under tax law in that jurisdiction. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

No provision has been made for the 2019 deferred taxation as no taxable income has been received to date, and the 
probability  of  future  taxable  income  is  indicative  of  current  market  conditions  which  remain  uncertain.  At  the 
Statement  of  Financial  Position  date,  the  Directors  estimate  that  the  Group  has  unused  tax  losses  of  £28,903,316 
(2018:  £25,000,200)  available  for  potential  offset  against  future  profits  which  equates  to  an  estimated  potential 
deferred  tax  asset  of  £3,612,915  (2018:  £3,125,024).  No  deferred  tax  asset  has  been  recognised  due  to  the 
unpredictability  of  the  future  profit  streams.  Losses  may  be  carried  forward  indefinitely  in  accordance  with  the 
applicable taxation regulations ruling within each of the above jurisdictions. 
7.  Loss of parent Company 

As permitted by Section 293 of the Companies Act 2014, the Statement of Profit or Loss of the parent Company has 
not been separately disclosed in these financial statements. The parent Company’s loss for the financial period was 
£1,832,539 (2018: £2,356,473). 
8.  Loss per share 

Basic loss per share 

The basic loss and weighted average number of ordinary shares used for calculation purposes comprise the following: 

Basic Loss per share 

31 December 
2019 (£) 

31 December 
2018 (£) 

Loss  for  the  period  attributable  to  equity  holders  of  the 
parent 

(3,500,004) 

(3,388,778) 

Weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  for  the 
purposes of basic loss per share 

849,795,672 
(0.004) 

565,932,121 
(0.006)

Basic loss per ordinary share (GBP) 

As there are no instruments in issue which have a dilutive impact, the dilutive loss per share is equal to the basic loss 
per share, and thus not disclosed separately.

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

9.   Property, plant and equipment 

GROUP 

Cost 
Opening Cost as at 1 January 2018 

Disposals 
Additions  
Exchange movements 
Closing Cost as at 31 December 2018

  Furniture and 
Fittings 
(£) 

Motor Vehicles 

(£) 

Office 
Equipment 
(£) 

I.T Equipment 

(£) 

Plant & 
Machinery 
(£) 

Right of use 
assets 
(£) 

Total 

(£) 

115,792 

199,966 

38,408 

26,694 

- 
1,354 
5,837 
122,983 

(114,927) 
16,396 
5,340 
106,775 

- 
1,118 
1,419 
40,945 

- 
2,164 
1,658 
30,516 

7,417 

- 
462 
942 
8,821 

- 
- 
- 
2,441 
11,262 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

388,277 

(114,927) 
21,494 
15,196 
310,040 

11,011 
- 
56,930 
- 
67,941 

11,011 
(253,669) 
56,930 
(7,422) 
116,890 

Opening cost at 1 January 2019 
Disposals  
Additions 
Exchange movements 
Closing Cost as at 31 December 2019

- 
(112,286) 
- 
(8,162) 
2,535 

- 
(82,615) 
- 
924 
25,084 

- 
(34,255) 
- 
(1,619) 
5,071 

- 
(24,514) 
- 
(1,005) 
4,997 

Accumulated Depreciation (“Acc Depr”)
Acc Depr as at 1 January 2018 

Disposals 
Depreciation 
Exchange Movements 
Acc Depr as at 31 December 2018

Disposals 
Depreciation 
Exchange movements 
Acc Depr as at 31 December 2019 

Furniture and 
Fittings 
(£) 

Motor Vehicles 

(£) 

Office 
Equipment 
(£) 

I.T Equipment 

(£) 

Plant & 
Machinery 
(£) 

Right of use 
assets 
(£) 

Total 

(£) 

114,798 

199,966 

34,232 

24,214 

- 
314 
7,075 
122,187 

(114,927) 
3,712 
5,341 
94,092 

- 
1,254 
2,032 
37,518 

- 
1,063 
1,905 
27,182 

7,417 

- 
462 
942 
8,821 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

380,627 

(114,927) 
6,805 
17,295 
289,800 

(111,482) 
99 
(8,269) 
2,535 

(82,615) 
5,553 
1,172 
18,202 

55 

(31,851) 
1,119 
(2,395) 
4,391 

(22,552) 
605 
(1,880) 
3,355 

(116) 
481 
2,077 
11,263 

- 
12,739 
- 
12,739 

(248,616) 
20,596 
(9,295) 
52,485 

 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Carrying Value 
Carrying value as at 31 December 2018 
Carrying value as at 31 December 2019 

Furniture and 
Fittings 
(£) 

796 
- 

Motor Vehicles 

(£) 

12,683 
6,882 

Office 
Equipment 
(£) 

3,427 
680 

I.T Equipment 

Plant & 
Machinery 
(£) 

Right of use 
assets 
(£) 

Total 

(£) 

- 
- 

- 
55,202 

20,240 
64,405 

(£) 

3,334 
1,641 

The Group leases various offices in the United Kingdom, Cyprus, South Africa and Tanzania. Lease contracts vary between 3 years and 4 years. Leases are re-negotiated on an 
individual basis and contain a wide range of different terms and conditions. The lease agreements do not impose any covenants on the Group.  

Leased assets may not be used as security for borrowing purposes. 

financial 

impact  associated  with 

The 
the 
adoption of IFRS 16: Leases on the Statement of 
Profit or Loss in the current financial period is as 
follows: 

Group  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Company  
31 December 
2019 (£) 

Depreciation 
Interest expense 
Lease expenses 

.

12,739 
858 
(7,818) 
5,779 

- 
- 
- 
- 

56 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

10.  Intangible assets 

Intangible  assets  consist  of  separately  identifiable  prospecting  and  exploration  assets  or  intellectual  property 
(Bordersley  Power)  acquired  either  through  business  combinations  or  through  separate  asset  acquisitions.  These 
intangible assets are recognised at the respective fair values of the underlying asset acquired, or where the fair value 
of the underlying asset acquired is not readily available, the fair value of the consideration. 

The following reconciliation serves to summarise the composition of intangible assets as at period end:  

Mabesekwa 
Coal to 
Power 
Project (£) 
- 

Mbeya Coal 
to Power 
Project (£) 

Lake 
Victoria 
Project (£) 

Bordersely 
Power (£) 

Total (£) 

15,896,105 

1,700,000 

-  17,596,105 

Valuation as at 1 January 2018 
Acquisition  of    the  Mabesekwa  Coal 
Project 
Carrying value as at 1 January 2019 
Impairment of prospecting asset 

  the  Mabesekwa  Coal 

Disposals  of 
Project 
Acquisition of Bordersley Power Ltd 
Carrying  value  as  at  31  December 
Assets classified as held for sale 
2019 

9,376,312 
9,376,312 
- 

- 
15,896,105 
- 

- 
787,108 
(912,892) 

9,376,312 
- 
-  26,059,525 
- 
(912,892)

(9,376,312) 

- 

- 

- 

(9,376,312) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
15,896,105 
- 

- 
- 
(787,108) 

2,595,000 
2,595,000 
2,595,000  18,491,105 
(787,108) 

Intangible assets are not amortised, due to the indefinite useful life which is attached to the underlying prospecting 
rights  and/  or  intellectual  property  acquired,  until  such  time  that  active  mining  operations/  power  generation 
commence, which will result in the intangible asset being amortised over the useful life of the relevant project. 

Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are assessed for impairment on an annual basis, against the prospective 
fair value of the intangible asset. The valuation of intangible assets with an indefinite useful life is reassessed on an 
annual basis through valuation techniques applicable to the nature of the intangible assets.  

• 

One  or  more  of  the  following  facts  or  circumstances  indicate  that  an  entity  should  test  an  intangible  asset  for 
impairment: 

• 
• 

• 

the period for which the entity has the right to explore or develop the asset has expired during the period or 
will expire in the foreseeable future; 
substantial expenditure on the asset in future is neither planned nor budgeted; 
exploration  for  and  evaluation  of  mineral  resources  in  the  specific  area  have  not  led  to  the  discovery  of 
commercially viable quantities of mineral resources and the entity has decided to discontinue such activities 
in the specific area; and 
sufficient  data  exist  to  indicate  that,  although  a  development  in  the  specific  area  is  likely  to  proceed,  the 
carrying amount of the development asset is unlikely to be recovered in full from successful development or 
by sale. 

In assessing whether a write-down is required in the carrying value of a potentially impaired intangible asset, the 
asset’s carrying value is compared with its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the asset’s 
fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  and  value  in  use.  The  valuation  techniques  applicable  to  the  valuation  of  the 
abovementioned intangible assets comprise a combination of fair market values, discounted cash flow projections 
and historic transaction prices. 

The following key assumptions influence the measurement of the intangible assets’ recoverable amounts, through 
utilising the value in use calculation performed:  
currency fluctuations and exchange movements applicable to model; 

• 
• 
• 
• 

commodity prices related to ore reserve and forward looking statements; 
expected growth rates in respect of production capacity; 
cost of capital related to funding requirements; 
applicable discounts rates, inflation and taxation implications; 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

• 
• 

future operating expenditure for extraction and mining of measured mineral resources; and 
co-operation of key project partners going forward. 

Through review of the project specific financial, operational, market and economic indicators applicable to the above 
intangible  assets,  as  well  as  consideration  of  the  various  elements  which  contribute  toward  the  indication  of 
impairment of exploration and evaluation assets, it was concluded no impairment was necessary in the 2019 financial 
period. A summary of the assessment performed for each of the intangible assets are detailed below.  
Mbeya Coal to Power Project 

The Mbeya Coal to Power Project situated in the Mbeya region of Tanzania, which comprises the Mbeya Coal Mine, a 
potential 1.5Mt p/a mining operation, and the Mbeya Power Plant, a planned 300MW mine-mouth thermal power 
station. The Mbeya Coal Mine has a defined 120.8 Mt NI 43-101 thermal coal resource. 

A Definitive Feasibility Study has been conducted on the project which underpinned its value and confirmed an initial 
rate of return of 69.2%. The 300MW mouth-of-mine thermal power station has long term scalability with the potential 
to become a 1000MW plant. The completed full Power Feasibility Study highlighted an annual power output target of 
1.8GW based on annual average coal consumption of 1.5Mt. 

An Integrated Bankable Feasibility Study report for the entire project indicated total potential revenues of US$ 7.5-
8.5 billion over an initial 25-year mine life, post-tax equity IRR between 21-22%, debt pay-back period of 11-12 years 
and a construction period of 36 months. 

Subsequent to the completion of a compulsory tender process through TANESCO on the development of the Mbeya 
Coal to Power Project, the Group was informed that its bid to secure a Power-Purchase Agreement was unsuccessful 
in February 2019. 

Further engagement  with TANESCO has subsequently culminated in  the receipt of  a formal notice from TANESCO 
inviting  the  Group  it  to  develop  the  Mbeya  Coal  to  Power  Project  for  the  export  market  and  thereby  enabling  the 
Company to engage with the African Power Pools regarding potential off-take agreements. 

As at year end, taking into account the various aspects listed above, the Group concluded that none of the impairment 
indicators had been met in relation to the Mbeya Coal assets.
Lake Victoria Project 

The  Group  entered  into  an  agreement  during  August  2019  with  Lake  Victoria  Gold  Limited  (“LVG”)  covering  the 
proposed disposal of 100% of the equity interest held by Katoro in its wholly owned subsidiary, Reef Miners Limited 
(“Reef”), which owns the Imweru gold project and the Lubando gold project in northern Tanzania. 

As at year end, the conditions precedent relating to the disposal had not been completed, and the project has thus 
been classified as assets classified as held for sale (refer also Note 17). 
Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power Project 

On 3 April 2018, the Group completed the acquisition of an 85% interest in the Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power 
Project, located in Botswana. This acquisition was in line with the Group’s strategy of positioning itself as a strategic 
regional electricity supplier in Southern Africa and creates many synergies with the MCPP in Tanzania. 

As a result of the acquisition, 153,710,030 ordinary shares in Kibo were issued to Sechaba Natural Resources Limited 
(“Sechaba”). Sechaba retained a 15% interest in the Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power Project. The intangible asset 
was  recognised  at  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  paid,  which  emanates  from  the  fair  value  of  the  equity 
instruments issued as at transaction date, being £9,376,312. 

The  Mabesekwa  Coal  Independent  Power  Project  (“MCIPP”)  is  located  approximately  40km  east  of  the  village  of 
Tonata  and  approximately  50km  southeast  of  Francistown,  Botswana’s  second  largest  city.  Certain  aspects  of  the 
Project have been advanced previously by Sechaba Natural Resources Limited (“Sechaba”), including water and land 
use permits and environmental certification. Mabesekwa consists of a 300Mt subset of the current insitu 777Mt Coal 
Resource. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

A pre-feasibility study on a coal mine and a scoping study on a coal fired thermal power plant has been completed. 
Kibo  is  in  possession  of  a  Competent  Persons  Report  on  the  project,  which  includes  a  SAMREC-compliant  Maiden 
Resource Statement on the excised 300 Mt portion of the Mabesekwa coal deposit. 

In September 2019, Kibo and Shumba Energy Limited (“Shumba”) signed a binding Heads of Agreement to reorganise 
the arrangements for the MCIPP and its associated coal asset in Botswana. 

Under the reorganisation the MCIPP retained assets will be consolidated back into KEB and Kibo’s interest in KEB will 
be reduced to 35% to maintain Kibo’s look-through interest in the MCIPP resource and make sundry adjustments to 
recognise  Kibo’s  project  expenditure.  A  variety  of  shareholders’  and  joint  development  agreements  govern  the 
management of the various entities, including minority interest protections, with details of Kibo’s final interests in 
these entities and the MCIPP resource to be advised upon completion of the reorganisation. 

In exchange for the increase in the equity interest held by Shumba, Shumba would forego the previous claim it had 
against a portion of the MCIPP coal resources, thereby increasing the value of the interest held by KEB. 

The transaction became effective on 5 December 2019 when Kibo concluded a shareholders agreement with KEB and 
Shumba  whereby  Kibo,  through  its  wholly  owned  subsidiaries,  Kibo  Mining  Cyprus  Limited  and  Kibo  Energy 
Botswana Limited would decrease their equity interest in KEB from 85% to 35%, effectively halving their interest in 
the MCIPP project. 

As a result of the reorganisation, Kibo lost control of KEB and therefore derecognised the intangible asset previously 
recorded and simultaneously recognised an investment in associate equal to the fair value of the remaining interest 
retained in KEB (refer Note 11). 
Bordersley Power Ltd 

Kibo Energy PLC initially acquired an indirect 100% equity interest in shovel-ready reserve power generation project, 
Bordersley, which will comprise a 5MW gas-fuelled power generation plant for the consideration of £175,000 settled 
through the issue of shares.  

Thereafter,  Kibo acquired all of St' Anderton's direct and indirect interests (Royalty Agreements) in the Bordersley 
in  Bordersley 
power  project  described  above  giving 
(the 'Acquisition').   Consideration  for  the  Acquisition  consists of  the  allotment  and  issue  of  46,067,206  ordinary 
shares  in  the  capital  of  Kibo  to  St'  Anderton  at  an  issue  price  of  £0.0525  per  share  and  payable  in  five  tranches 
('Consideration Shares') such that the full consideration is only payable in the event that Bordersley is progressively 
derisked.  

it  a  100%  economic  and  100%  equity 

interest 

The issue price of the Consideration Shares and the associated number to be issued to St' Anderton was determined 
by  using  the  methodology  set  out  in  the  original  MED  vendor  agreement  as  guidance,  and  was  calculated  as 
c. £2,420,000 comprising: 

• 

100% of the net present value of the Project Royalties (being the royalty equal to 5% of the gross revenue 
less gas and trading costs) amounting to c. £370,000; and 

• 

40% of the net present value of the Project Revenue (being net profit before tax) flowing to St' Anderton from 
Bordersley through MED amounting to c. £2,050,000. 

11.  Investment in associate 

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Balance at the end of the year 
Associate acquired during the period 

Group (£) 

Company (£) 

2019 

2018 

2019 

2018 

- 
9,696,683 
9,696,683 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

The Group  retained a 35%  equity interest  in Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd as a  result the reorganisation  of  its 
59 
interests in the Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power Plant as disclosed in Note 10.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

The value of the remaining equity interest in Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd was determined based on the fair value 
of the proportionate equity interest retained in the in the enlarged resource following the restructuring.  

Summarised financial information of the associate is set out below: 

Group (£) 
2019 

Group (£) 
2018 

Non-Current assets 
Current assets 
Loss for the year 

9,376,312 
1,011 
(18,220) 

Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd’s principal place of business is Plot 2780, Extension 9, Gaborone, Botswana. 
12.  Other financial assets 

At fair value through other comprehensive income 

Group (£) 

Company (£) 

2019 

2018 

2019 

2018 

Lake Victoria Gold Limited 

37,661 
37,661 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

The investment represents 700,000 ordinary shares in Lake Victoria Gold Limited, incorporated in Australia, with a 
value of AUS$70,000. The shares were issued to subsidiary Katoro Gold Plc in recognition of the company granting 
the extension to receipt of the first tranche of monies due under the term sheet. The shares were issued on 15 October 
2019 and recorded using the spot rate between the British pound and Australian dollar at that date. 

As the shares were received for no consideration, other income of £37,661 was recognised when accounting for this 
transaction. 
13.  Acquisition and Disposal of interests in other entities 

Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power Project 

In September 2019, Kibo and Shumba Energy Limited (“Shumba”) signed a binding Heads of Agreement to reorganise 
the arrangements for the MCIPP and its associated coal asset in Botswana. 

Under the reorganisation the MCIPP retained assets will be consolidated back into Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd 
(“KEB”) and  Kibo’s  interest  in  KEB  will be reduced to 35% to maintain Kibo’s look-through interest in the MCIPP 
resource and make sundry adjustments to recognise Kibo’s project expenditure. A variety of shareholders’ and joint 
development  agreements  govern  the  management  of  the  various  entities,  including  minority  interest  protections, 
with details of Kibo’s final interests in these entities and the MCIPP resource to be advised upon completion of the 
reorganisation. 

In exchange for the increase in the equity interest held by Shumba, Shumba would forego the previous claim it had 
against a portion of the MCIPP coal resources, thereby increasing the value of the interest held by KEB. 

The transaction became effective on 5 December 2019 when Kibo concluded a shareholders agreement with KEB and 
Shumba  whereby  Kibo,  through  its  wholly  owned  subsidiaries,  Kibo  Mining  Cyprus  Limited  and  Kibo  Energy 
Botswana Limited would decrease their equity interest in KEB from 85% to 35%, effectively halving their interest in 
the MCIPP project. 

As a result of the reorganisation, Kibo lost control of KEB and therefore derecognised the intangible asset previously 
recorded and simultaneously recognised an investment in associate equal to the fair value of the remaining interest 
retained in KEB (refer Note 11). 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

The financial impact associated with the disposal of Mabesekwa Coal Independent Power Project  (“MCIPP”): 

Group (£) 

2019 

2018 

Opening balance as at January  
Acquisition of 85% interest in MCIPP 
Fair  value  re-measurement  of  remaining  equity  interest  held  in  MCIPP 
Closing balance as at December 
recognised as part of profit on disposal of subsidiary 

9,376,312 
- 
9,696,683 
320,371 

- 
9,376,312 
9,376,312 
- 

Benga Power Plant Project 

Kibo  entered  into  a  Joint  Venture  Agreement  with  Mozambique  energy  company  Termoeléctrica  de  Benga  S.A.  to 
participate in the further assessment and potential development of the Benga Independent Power Project (‘BIPP’). 
The  assets  associated  with  the  acquisition  were  transferred  into  a  newly  incorporated  entity  in  which  Kibo  and 
Termoeléctrica  hold  initial  participation  interests  of  65%  and  35%  respectively,  which  Kibo  obtained  for  no 
consideration on commencement. As disclosed in the significant judgement section of the financial results, Kibo is not 
able to exercise control over the operations of the newly incorporated entity, therefore the investment is recognised 
as a Joint Venture for financial reporting purposes, which requires the recognition of the participants’ interest in the 
net revenue of the Joint Venture’s operations. 

In order to maintain its initial participation interest Kibo is required to ensure funding of a maximum amount of £1 
million towards the completion of a Definitive Feasibility Study. 
Bordersley Power Ltd 

Kibo Energy PLC initially acquired an indirect 100% equity interest in shovel-ready reserve power generation project, 
Bordersley, which will comprise a 5MW gas-fuelled power generation plant for the consideration of £175,000 settled 
through the issue of shares.  

Thereafter,  Kibo acquired all of St' Anderton's direct and indirect interests (Royalty Agreements) in the Bordersley 
power  project  described  above  giving 
in  Bordersley 
(the 'Acquisition').   Consideration  for  the  Acquisition  consists of  the  allotment  and  issue  of  46,067,206  ordinary 
shares  in  the  capital  of  Kibo  to  St'  Anderton  at  an  issue  price  of  £0.0525  per  share  and  payable  in  five  tranches 
('Consideration Shares') such that the full consideration is only payable in the event that Bordersley is progressively 
derisked. 

it  a  100%  economic  and  100%  equity 

interest 

As there were no separately identifiable assets and/or liabilities acquired, the purchase price was allocated toward 
the Intellectual Property acquired, in the amount of £2,595,000, as disclosed in Note 10. 
Mzuri Exploration Services Ltd (Tanzania) 

Kibo entered into a sale of share agreement whereby Kibo disposed of 95% of its equity interest in Mzuri Exploration 
Services Limited (“MXS”) and its subsidiary Protocol Mining & Exploration Limited (“Protocol”) to the current senior 
management of Mzuri Exploration Services Limited for no consideration. 
The financial impact associated with the disposal of Mzuri Exploration Services Ltd: 

Property, plant and equipment 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
Trade and other payables 
Net equity on date of disposal 
Taxation payable 

Profit on disposal of subsidiary 
Net proceeds on disposal 

61 

2019 

3,187 
111,317 
8,329 
(300,671) 
(68,352) 
(270,689) 
(24,499) 

(270,689) 
- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

14.  Goodwill 

MAST Energy Development Limited 

In the previous financial period the Group acquired a 60% equity interest in MAST Energy Development Limited for 
£300,000, settled through the issue of 5,714,286 ordinary shares in Kibo effective on 19 October 2018. The acquisition 
of MAST Energy Development Limited falls within the ambit of IFRS 3: Business Combinations. The net assets acquired 
were valued at Nil, with the resultant purchase price being allocated to Goodwill on date of acquisition. 

Various “shovel ready” sites have already been identified in the UK, capable of sustaining gas fired power generators 
and ancillary structures from 20MW upwards. Financial modelling indicates projected IRRs of 13-16% and NPVs of 
GBP16-19 million for the initial assets. 

Goodwill  is  assessed  for  impairment  on  an  annual  basis,  against  the  recoverable  amount  of  underlying  Cash 
Generating Unit (“CGU”). The recoverable amount of the CGU, is the higher of its fair value less cost to sell and its value 
in use. The valuation techniques applicable to the valuation of the abovementioned CGU comprise a combination of 
fair market values, discounted cash flow projections and historic transaction prices. 

Through review of the project specific financial, operational, market and economic indicators applicable to the above 
CGU, as well as consideration of the various elements which contribute toward the indication of impairment of similar 
projects, it was concluded no impairment was necessary in the 2019 financial period.  
15.  Trade and other receivables 

Group 
2019 (£) 

Group  
2018 (£) 

Company  
2019 (£) 

Company  
2018 (£) 

Amounts falling due over one year:

Amounts owed by group undertakings 
Amounts falling due within one year:

- 

- 

- 

333,495 

Other debtors

380,693 
380,693 

89,349 
89,349 

361,467 
361,467 

333,777 
282 

Included in other debtors is an amount of £354,688 relating to amounts not received by year end in connection with 
a share placing in October 2019. Subsequent to year end, this full amount outstanding has been received and settled. 

The nature of amounts owed by Group undertakings is such that the expected recovery thereof is in excess of one 
year, and is thus classified as amounts falling due after one year. 

The carrying value of current trade and other receivables approximates their fair value. 

Amounts owed by Group undertakings represent inter-company loans  between the Company and  its subsidiaries. 
They have no fixed repayment terms, bear no interest and are unsecured, resulting in the recognition of the receivable 
as a non-current asset due to settlement being extended beyond 12 months. 

During the period the Board resolved to capitalise inter-company loans and convert the respective loans owed by 
subsidiaries into share capital in order to adhere to international transfer pricing regulation and this resulted in a 
corresponding decrease in amounts owed by group undertakings. 
Trade and other receivables pledged as security 

None of the above stated trade and other receivables were pledged as security at period end. Credit quality of trade 
and other receivables that are neither past due nor impaired can be assessed by reference to historical repayment 
trends of the individual debtors. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

16.  Cash  

Cash consists of: 

Short term convertible cash reserves 

Group (£) 

Company (£) 

2019 

2018 

2019 

2018 

91,634  654,158 
91,634  654,158 

31,389 
31,389 

38,974 
38,974 

Cash has not been ceded, or placed as encumbrance toward any liabilities as at year end. 
17.  Assets classified as held for sale 

On 22 August 2019, the Group entered into a term sheet with Lake Victoria Gold Limited (“LVG”) covering the disposal 
of 100% of the equity interest  held by subsidiary Katoro Gold Plc in its wholly owned subsidiary, Reef Miners Limited 
(“Reef”), which owns the Imweru gold project and the Lubando gold project in northern Tanzania.  Although the sale 
and  purchase  agreement  with  LVG  has  not  been  entered  into  to  date,  and  LVG  have  requested  extensions  on  the 
payment tranches to be made in accordance with the term sheet, the Board feels that the sale of Reef is in the best 
interest of the Company at this time and the directors are of the opinion that the sale is highly probable. The assets, 
together with the associated liabilities of Reef have therefore been classified as held for sale. 

The proceeds of the disposal are expected to exceed the net carrying amount of the relevant assets and liabilities, and 
accordingly no impairment loss has been recognised on the assets classified as held for sale. 

The major classes of assets and liabilities in the disposal group classified as held for sale are as follows: 

Assets 

Intangible assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

18.  Share capital - Group and Company 

Authorised equity

1,000,000,000 Ordinary shares of €0.015 each 
2,000,000,000 Ordinary shares of €0.001 each  
1,000,000,000 deferred  shares of €0.014 each 
3,000,000,000 deferred shares of €0.009 each 
Allotted, issued and fully paid shares

787,108 
6,966 
794,074 

11,257 

2019 

2018 

- 
€2,000,000 
€14,000,000 
€43,000,000 
€27,000,000 

€15,000,000 

- 
€42,000,000 
€27,000,000 

(2019:  1,257,276,078 Ordinary shares of €0.001 each) 
(2018: 640,031,069 Ordinary shares of €0.015 each) 
1,291,394,535 Deferred shares of €0.009 each 
805,053,798 Deferred shares of €0.014 each 

£326,468                        

-            

- 
£9,257,075 
£19,532,350 
£9,948,807 

£7,982,942 
£9,257,075 
£17,240,017 
- 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Number of 
Shares 

Ordinary 
Share 
Capital 
(£)  

Deferred 
Share 
Capital 
(£) 

Share 
Premium 
(£) 

Treasury 
shares 
(£) 

Balance at 31 December 2018

640,031,069 

7,982,942 

9,257,075 

39,205,318 

Shares issued during the period 
Capital re-organisation 
Balance at 31 December 2019

1,257,276,078 

- 
9,948,807 
326,468  19,205,882 

3,545,118 
- 
42,750,436 

617,245,009 
- 

2,292,333 
(9,948,807) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

All ordinary shares issued have the right to vote, right to receive dividends, a copy of the annual report, and the right 
to transfer ownership of their shares. 

During the year, the Company resolved to reduce the nominal value of the ordinary shares in issue from €0.015 to 
€0.001,  whilst  retaining  the  same  number  of  shares.  Under  the  capital  re-organisation,  each  ordinary  share  was 
converted into one new deferred share of €0.014 each and one new ordinary share of €0.001 each. 
The  Deferred  Shares  will  not  entitle  holders  to  receive  notice  of,  or  attend  or  vote  at  any  general  meeting  of  the 
Company or to receive a dividend or other distribution or to participate in any return on capital on a winding up other 
than  the  nominal  amount  paid  following  a  substantial  distribution  to  the  holders  of  the  Ordinary  Shares  in  the 
Company. Accordingly, for all practical purposes the Deferred Shares will be valueless, and it is the board’s intention 
at the appropriate time, to purchase the Deferred Shares at an aggregate consideration of €1. 
19.  Control reserve 

The transaction with Opera Investments PLC in 2017 represented a disposal without loss of control. Under IFRS this 
constitutes  a  transaction  with  equity  holders  and  as  such  is  recognised  through  equity  as  opposed  to  recognising 
goodwill. The control reserve represents the difference between the purchase consideration and the book value of the 
net assets and liabilities acquired in the transaction with Opera Investments.  
20.  Share based payments reserve 

The following reconciliation serves to summarise the composition of the share based payment reserve as at period 
end: 

Group (£) 

Opening balance of share based payment reserve 
Issue of share options and warrants 
Deferred vendor liability settled through the issue of shares 
Reclassification of share based payment reserve on expired share options 

Opening balance of share based payment reserve 
Issue of share options and warrants 
Reclassification of share based payment reserve on expired share options 

2019 
41,807 

                 2018 

556,086 

1,041,235 
421,471 
1,504,513 
- 

- 

41,807 
(514,279) 

Company (£) 

  2019 
- 

- 
977,575 
977,575 

            2018 

514,279 
- 

- 
(514,279)

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Share options and Warrants 

Share Options 

During the current year, Katoro Gold Plc, a subsidiary of Kibo, implemented a share option plan whereby the Board 
and Management of the Company were issued 14,944,783 Ordinary shares, being 10% of the Company’s issued share 
capital on 8 February 2019, at 1.3 pence per share. The options have an expiry date of the seventh anniversary date 
of the date of grant, with 50% vesting on issue and the remaining 50% vesting in one year. 

The fair value of the share options issued have been determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  

The inputs to the Black-Scholes model were as follows: 

Description of key input 

Share Options granted 
Stock price  
Exercise price 
Risk free rate 
Volatility 
Expiry Date 
Weighted average remaining contractual life 

Key 
Assumptions 

14,944,783 
1.3p 
1.3p 
0.4% 
82% 
7 years 
6 years 

Expected volatility was determined using the historic average volatility in the company’s share price over the past 2 
years. 
Warrants 

The Group has the following warrants over its Ordinary Shares: 

• 

• 

• 

1,208,333 warrants to Beaufort’s (Beaufort Securities Limited, the former broker to the Group) in respect of 
the placing fees. Each warrant shall entitle Beaufort to subscribe for one new Ordinary Share and shall be 
exercisable at 6 pence per share for up to five years; 
10,000,000  warrants  to  African  Battery  Metals  Plc  in  respect  of  the  Nickel  project  facilitation  fees.  The 
warrants were issued over 2 tranches. The first tranche of 2,500,000 warrants were issued upon signature 
of the Option Agreement between the parties on 15 March 2019, with the remaining 7,500,000 issued on 15 
May 2019. These warrants are exercisable within 3 years of issue date at a price of 1.25 pence per share. 
663,333,420 warrants were issued with the share placing completed on 21 October 2019. Each share issued 
for this placing includes one warrant exercisable at 0.8 pence per share for the period of 18 months and half 
a warrant exercisable at 1.0 pence per share for the period of 36 months from the date of issue. 

The fair value of the warrants issued have been determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  
The inputs to the Black-Scholes model were as follows: 

Description of key input 

Key 
Assumptions 
Beaufort 

Key 
Assumptions 
African 
Battery 
Metals Plc 

Key 
Assumptions 
Kibo Energy 
Plc October 
2019 placing 

Key 
Assumptions 
Kibo Energy 
Plc October 
2019 placing 

Date issued 
Warrants granted 
Stock price  
Exercise price 
Risk free rate 
Volatility 
Expiry Date 
Weighted average remaining contractual life 

April 2017 
1,208,333 
6p 
6p 
0.1% 
70% 
5 years 
2.3 years 

65 

May 2019  October 2019  October 2019 
221,111,140 
0.5p 
1p 
0.4% 
99% 
3 years 
2.75 years 

442,222,280 
0.45p 
0.8p 
0.4% 
99% 
18 months 
1.25 years 

10,000,000 
1.3p 
1.25p 
0.4% 
82% 
3 years 
2.3 years 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Expected volatility was determined using the historic average volatility in the company’s share price over the past 2 
years. 
Expenses settled through the issue of shares 

The Group recognised the following expense related to equity settled share based payment transactions: 

2019 (£) 

2018 (£) 

Geological expenditure settled 
Listing and capital raising fees 
Statutory fees 
Shares and warrants issued to directors and staff 

100,559 
252,854 
144,013 
902,771 
405,345 

22,616 
104,302 
- 
126,918 
- 

Exercisable 
as at 31 
December 
2019 

At 31 December 2019 the Group had 14,944,783 share options and 663,333,420 warrants outstanding.  

Date of 
Grant 

Exercise start 
date 

Expiry date 

Exercise 
Price 

Number 
Granted 

Options

Warrants 

8 Feb 2019 

8 Feb 2019 (50%) 
8 Feb 2020 (50%)  

7 Feb 2026 

1.3p 

14,944,783 

7,472,392 

04 Nov 
2019 
04 Nov 
2019 

04 Nov 2019 

03 May 2021 

0.8p 

442,222,280 

442,222,280 

04  Nov 2019 

03 Nov 2022 

1.0p 

221,111,140 

221,111,140 

Total Contingently Issuable shares

663,333,420  663,333,420 

Reconciliation of the quantity of share options in issue:

Opening balance 
New share options issued 
Expiration of share options  

Reconciliation of the quantity of warrants in issue:

Group 

Company 

2019 

- 

2018 
14,399,333 
- 

2019 

14,944,781 
14,944,781 
- 

- 
(14,399,333) 

2018 
14,399,333 
- 

- 
(14,399,333) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

Opening balance  
New warrants issued 
Warrants lapsed 

Group 

Company 

2019 

2018 
10,000,000 

2019 

2018 
10,000,000 

- 

663,333,420 
663,333,420 
- 

- 
663,333,420 
-  663,333,420 
- 
(10,000,000) 

- 
- 
(10,000,000) 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Deferred vendor liability 

The amount due to vendors represents the balance of the purchase consideration owing in respect of the acquisition 
of  Bordersley  Power  Limited  from  St’  Anderton  on  Vaal  Limited.  The  liability  will  be  settled  through  the  issue  of 
ordinary shares in the Company, in four equal tranches of 6,000,000 at an issue price of £0.0525 each, as the project 
• 
is progressively derisked, as detailed below: 

• 

• 

• 

Upon  receiving  confirmation  from  Mast  Energy  Development  that  a  preliminary  notice  to  proceed  with 
construction  of  the  Bordersley  power  site  has  been  issued  by  the  Owners  Engineer  for  the  construction  and 
commissioning of the Bordersley site; 
Upon receiving confirmation from Mast Energy Development that a final notice to proceed with construction of 
the Bordersley power site has been issued by the Owners Engineer for the construction and commissioning of the 
Bordersley site; 
Upon receiving confirmation from Mast Energy Development that the Owners Engineer for the construction and 
commissioning of the Bordersley site has commenced with commissioning of the Bordersley power plant; and 
Upon receiving confirmation from Mast Energy Development that the Owners Engineer for the construction and 
commissioning of the Bordersley site has confirmed steady state production at the Bordersley power plant. 

The fair value of the deferred vendor liability is calculated in accordance with the anticipated purchase consideration 
payable, at the fair value of the shares on the date of the transaction. 

The amount payable has been settled subsequent to year end. 
21.  Translation reserves 

The  foreign  exchange  reserve  relates  to  the  foreign  exchange  effect  of  the  retranslation  of  the  Group’s  overseas 
subsidiaries  on  consolidation  into  the  Group’s  financial  statements,  taking  into  account  the  financing  provided  to 
subsidiary operations is seen as part of the Group’s net investment in subsidiaries. 

Company 

Group 

Opening balance  
Movement during the period 
Closing balance  

22.  Non-controlling interest 

2019 (£) 
(656,622) 

2018 (£) 
(268,506) 

2019 (£) 
- 

2018 (£) 
14,723 

(872,942) 
(216,320) 

(656,622) 
(388,116) 

- 
- 

- 
(14,723) 

The non-controlling interest carried forward relates to the minority equity attributable to Katoro Gold PLC and its 
subsidiaries.  

Group 

2019 (£) 

2018 (£) 

Opening balance  
Change of interest in subsidiary without loss of control 
Additional capital raised 
Loss for the year allocated to non-controlling interest 
Closing balance of non-controlling interest 

409,171 

927,107 

19,267 
- 
27,073 
(401,365) 

(9,364) 
152,998 
409,171 
(661,570) 

The  summarised  financial  information  for  significant  subsidiaries  in  which  the  non-controlling  interest  has  an 
influence, namely Katoro Gold PLC as at ended 31 December 2019, is presented below: 

Katoro plc Group
2019 (£)

Katoro plc Group
2018 (£)

Statement of Financial position 

Total assets 
Statement of Profit and Loss
Total liabilities 

Revenue for the period 
Loss for the period 

295,116 
(117,402) 

- 
(668,659) 

622,231 
(175,499) 

- 
(479,205) 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Statement of Cash Flow

Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities 
Cash flows from financing activities 

(580,727) 
- 
202,934 

(465,669) 
- 
313,560 

In March 2019 the Company entered into an agreement, whereby it would reacquire the residual 2.5% interest held 
by Sanderson Capital Partners for the amount of £1,706,895. As the transaction was a change in the Group’s ownership 
interest in a subsidiary that did not result in the Group losing control of the subsidiary, the impact of the transaction 
was recognised directly in equity. 
23.  Trade and other payables 

Amounts falling due within one year:

Group 
2019 (£) 

Group 
2018 (£) 

Company 
2019 (£) 

Company 
2018 (£) 

Trade payables 

1,024,126 
1,024,126 

301,698 
301,698 

265,727 
265,727 

95,072 
95,072 

The carrying value of current trade and other payables equals their fair value due mainly to the short term nature of 
these receivables. 
24.  Borrowings 

Amounts falling due within one year:

Short term loans 

Reconciliation of borrowings:

Opening balance 
Raised during the year 
Repaid during the year 
Settled through the issue of shares 
Closing balance 

 Short term loans 

Group 2019 
(£) 

Group 2018 
(£) 

Company 
2019 (£) 

Company 
2018 (£) 

523,725 
523,725 

- 
- 

294,955 
294,955 

- 
- 

Group 2019 
(£) 

Group 2018 
(£) 

Company 
2019 (£) 

Company 
2018 (£) 

- 
1,613,715 
- 
(1,090,000) 
523,725 

1,210,768 
251,565 
(200,000) 
(1,262,333) 
- 

- 
544,955 
- 
(250,000) 
294,955 

1,210,768 
251,565 
(200,000) 
(1,262,333) 
- 

Short term loans relate to the unsecured interest free loan facility from Sanderson Capital Partners Limited which is 
repayable either through the issue of ordinary shares of payment of cash in the Company. 
25.  Investment in group undertakings 

Breakdown of investments at 31 December 2019 

Kibo Mining (Cyprus) Limited 
Sloane Developments Limited 
Total cost of investments 
Katoro Gold Plc 

68 

Subsidiary 
undertakings 
(£) 

40,048,442 
2,643,558 
43,318,643 
626,643 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Breakdown of investments at 31 December 2018 

Kibo Mining (Cyprus) Limited 
Sloane Developments Limited 
Total cost of investments 
Katoro Gold Plc 

Investments at Cost 
At 1 January 2018 

Additions in Kibo Mining (Cyprus) Limited 
Additions in Katoro Gold PLC 
Provision for impairment 
At 31 December 2018 (£) 

Additions in Kibo Mining Cyprus Limited 
Additions in Sloane Developments Limited 
Additions in Katoro Gold PLC 
Provision for impairment 
At 31 December 2019 (£) * 

At 31 December 2019 the Company had the following undertakings: 

Subsidiary, 
associate 
or Joint 
Venture 

Activity 

Incorporated in  

Description 

Directly held Investments 

Subsidiary 
undertakings 
(£) 

37,406,177 
- 
37,890,651 
484,474 

Subsidiary 
undertakings 
(£) 

3,468,224 

35,706,177 
349,878 
(1,633,628) 
37,890,651

2,642,265 
2,643,558 
142,169 
- 
43,318,643 

Interest 
held 
(2019) 

Interest 
held 
(2018) 

Sloane Developments Limited 
Kibo Mining (Cyprus) Limited 
Katoro Gold Plc 
Indirectly held Investments 

Holding Company 
Subsidiary 
Subsidiary 
Treasury Function 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 

United Kingdom 
Cyprus 
United Kingdom 

100% 
100% 
55.53% 

100% 
100% 
57% 

MAST Energy Development Limited 
Bordersley Power Limited 
Kibo Gold Limited 
Savannah Mining Limited 
Reef Miners Limited 
Kibo Nickel Limited 
Eagle Exploration Limited 
Mbeya Holdings Limited 
Mbeya Development Limited 
Mbeya Mining Company Limited 
Mbeya Coal Limited 
Mzuri Power Limited 
Mbeya Power Tanzania Limited 
Kibo Mining South Africa (Pty) Ltd 
Kibo Exploration Limited 
Kibo MXS Limited 
Tourlou Limited 
Mzuri Exploration Services Limited 

Power Generation 
Subsidiary 
Power Generation 
Subsidiary 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary 
Power Generation 
Subsidiary 
Treasury Function 
Subsidiary 
Treasury Function 
Subsidiary 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary 
69 
Investment  Exploration Services 

United Kingdom 
United Kingdom 
Cyprus 
Tanzania 
Tanzania 
Cyprus 
Tanzania 
Cyprus 
Cyprus 
Cyprus 
Tanzania 
Cyprus 
Tanzania 
South Africa 
Tanzania 
Cyprus 
Cyprus 
Tanzania 

60% 
100% 
55.53% 
55.53%
55.53%
55.53%
55.53%
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
0% 
4.78% 

60% 
- 
57% 
57% 
57% 
100% 
100% 
97,5% 
97,5% 
97,5% 
100% 
100% 
97,5% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Protocol Mining Limited 
Jubilee Resources Limited 
Kibo Energy Botswana Limited 
Kibo Energy Botswana (Pty) Ltd 
Kibo Energy Mozambique Limited 
Pinewood Resources Limited 
Makambako Resources Limited 

Investment  Exploration Services 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Associate  Mineral Exploration 
Subsidiary 
Holding Company 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 
Subsidiary  Mineral Exploration 

Tanzania 
Tanzania 
Cyprus 
Botswana 
Cyprus 
Tanzania 
Tanzania 

4.78% 
100% 
100% 
35% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

The  Group  has  applied  the  approach  whereby  loans  to  Group  undertakings  and  trade  receivables  from  Group 
undertakings were capitalised to the cost of the underlying investments. The capitalisation results in a decrease in the 
exchange fluctuations between Group companies operating from various locations. 
26.  Related party transactions  

Related parties of the Group comprise subsidiaries, joint ventures, significant shareholders, the Board of Directors 
and related parties in terms of the listing requirements. 

Transactions  between  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries,  which  are  related  parties,  have  been  eliminated  on 
consolidation. 
Board of Directors/ Key Management 

Name 

Relationship (Directors of:) 

A. Lianos 

Other entities over which directors/key management or their close family have control or significant 
influence: 

River Group, Boudica Group and Namaqua Management Limited 

River Group 

River Group provide corporate advisory services and is the Company’s 
Designated Advisor. 

Boudica Group 

Boudica Group provides secretarial services to the Group. 

St Anderton on Vaal Limited 

Kibo Mining Plc is a shareholder of the following companies and as such are considered related parties:

St Anderton on Vaal Limited provides consulting services to the Group. The 
directors of St Anderton on Vaal Limited are also directors of Mast Energy 
Developments Limited. 

  Directly held subsidiaries: 

Indirectly held subsidiaries: 

   Sloane Developments Limited 
   Kibo Mining (Cyprus) Limited  
   Katoro Gold Plc 

Kibo Gold Limited 
Kibo Mining South Africa Limited  
Savannah Mining Limited 
Reef Mining Limited 
Kibo Nickel Limited 
Eagle Exploration Mining Limited 
Mzuri Energy Limited 
Rukwa Holdings Limited 
Mbeya Development Company Limited 
Mbeya Mining Company Limited 
Mbeya Coal Limited 
Mzuri Power Limited 
Kibo Exploration Limited 
Mbeya Power Tanzania Limited 
Kibo MXS Limited 
Kibo Energy Mozambique Limited  

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Pinewood Resources Limited 
Makambako Resources Limited 
Jubilee Resources Limited 
Kibo Energy Botswana Limited 
MAST Energy Developments Limited 
Bordersley Power Limited 

The transactions during the period between the Company and its subsidiaries included the settlement of expenditure 
to/from subsidiaries, working capital funding, and settlement of the Company’s liabilities through the issue of equity 
in subsidiaries. The loans to/ from group companies do not have fixed repayment terms and are unsecured.  

The following transactions have been entered into with related entities, by way of common directorship, throughout 
the financial period. 

River  Group  was  paid  £35,384  (2018:  £46,145)  for  designated  advisor  services,  corporate  advisor  services  and 
corporate financer fees during the year settled through cash. No fees are payable to River Group as at year end. The 
expenditure was recognised in the Company as part of administrative expenditure.  

St Anderton on Vaal Limited was paid £297,000 (2018: £nil) during the year for consulting services rendered to Mast 
Energy Developments Limited. 

During  the  year,  Namaqua  Management  Limited  or  its  nominees,  was  paid  £472,153  (2018:  £629,293)  for  the 
provision of administrative and management services. £247,836 was payable at the year-end (2018: £NIL).  

The Boudica Group was paid £32,400 (2018: £38,038) for corporate services during the current financial period. No 
fees are payable to Boudica Group at year end.  
27.  Financial Instruments and Financial Risk Management 

The Group and Company’s principal financial instruments comprises cash at hand and in bank. The main purpose of 
these financial instruments  is to  provide finance for the Group and Company’s  operations.  The Group has various 
other  financial  assets  and  liabilities  such  as  trade  receivables  and  trade  payables,  which  arise  directly  from  its 
operations. 

It is, and has been throughout the 2019 and 2018 financial period, the Group and Company’s policy not to undertake 
trading in derivatives. 

The main  risks arising from the Group and Company’s financial instruments are  foreign currency risk, credit risk, 
liquidity risk, interest rate risk and capital risk. Management reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these 
risks which are summarised below. 

2019 (£) 

2018 (£) 

Financial instruments of the Group are:
Financial assets at amortised cost

Loans and 
receivables 

Financial 
liabilities 

Loans and 
receivables 

Financial 
liabilities 

Trade and other receivables 
Cash  
Financial liabilities at amortised cost

380,693 
91,634 

- 
- 

89,349 
654,158 

- 
- 

Trade payables   
Borrowings 

- 
472,327 
- 

1,024,126 
1,547,851 
523,725 

- 
743,507 
- 

301,698 
301,698 
- 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

2019 (£) 

2018 (£) 

Loans and 
receivables 

Financial 
liabilities 

Loans and 
receivables 

Financial 
liabilities 

Financial instruments of the Company are:
Financial assets at amortised cost

Trade and other receivables – non current 
Trade and other receivables – current 
Cash  
Financial liabilities at amortised cost

- 
361,467 
31,389 

- 
- 
- 

333,495 
282 
38,975 

- 
- 
- 

Trade payables – current 
Borrowings 

Foreign currency risk 

- 
392,856 
- 

227,237 
522,192 
294,955 

- 
372,752 
- 

95,072 
95,072 
- 

The  Group  undertakes  certain  transactions  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  and  exposures  to  exchange  rate 
fluctuations  therefore  may  arise.  Exchange  rate  exposures  are  managed  by  continuously reviewing  exchange  rate 
movements in the relevant foreign currencies. The exposure to exchange rate fluctuations for the Group/Company is 
limited to foreign currency translation of subsidiaries, which is not material, as the Group/Company does not hold 
any significant foreign denominated monetary assets or liabilities.  

At the period ended 31 December 2019, the Group had no outstanding forward exchange contracts.  
Exchange rates used for conversion of foreign subsidiaries undertakings were: 

2019 

2018 

ZAR to GBP (Spot) 
ZAR to GBP (Average) 
USD to GBP (Spot) 
USD to GBP (Average) 
EURO to GBP (Spot) 
EURO to GBP (Average) 

0.0542 
0.0543 
0.7623 
0.7837 
0.8537 
0.8772 

0.0545 
0.0593 
0.7871 
0.7499 
0.0095 
0.8848 

The executive management of the Group monitor the Group's exposure to the concentration of fair value estimation 
risk on a monthly basis. 
Group Sensitivity Analysis 

As the Group/Company has no material monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies, the impact associated 
with a change in the foreign exchange rates is not expected to be material to the Group/Company. 
Credit risk 

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counter party will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss 
to the Group. As the Group does not, as yet, have any sales to third parties, this risk is limited. 

The Group and Company’s financial assets comprise receivables and cash and cash equivalents. The credit risk on 
cash  and  cash  equivalents  is  limited  because  the  counterparties  are  banks  with  high  credit-ratings  assigned  by 
international  credit  rating  agencies.  The  Group  and  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  risk  arise  from  default  of  its 
counterparty, with a maximum exposure equal to the carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents in its consolidated 
statement of financial position. Expected credit losses were not measured on a collective basis. The various financial 
assets owed from group undertakings were evaluated against the underlying asset value of the investee, taking into 
account the value of the various projects undertaken during the period, thus validating, as required the credit loss 
recognised in relation to amounts owed by group undertakings. 

The  Group  does  not  have  any  significant  credit  risk  exposure  to  any  single  counterparty  or  any  Group  of 
counterparties having similar characteristics. The Group defines counterparties as having similar characteristics if 
they are connected or related entities. 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Financial assets exposed to credit risk at period end were as follows: 
Financial instruments 

           Group (£) 

         Company (£) 

2019 

2018 

2019 

2018 

Trade & other receivables 
Cash
Liquidity risk management 

380,693
91,634 

          89,349 
654,158 

361,467 
31,389 

333,777 
38,974 

Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has built an appropriate 
liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Group and Company’s short, medium and long-term 
funding and liquidity management requirements. The Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves 
and by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets 
and liabilities. Cash forecasts are regularly produced to identify the liquidity requirements of the Group.  

The Group and Company’s financial liabilities as at 31 December 2019 were all payable on demand. 
Group (£)  
At 31 December 2019 

Less than 1 
year 

Greater than 1 
year 

Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
At 31 December 2018 

Trade and other payables 
Company (£) 
At 31 December 2019 

Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
At 31 December 2018 

Trade and other payables 
Interest rate risk 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

-

1,024,126 
523,725 

301,698 

265,727 
294,955 

95,072 

The Group and Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Group and 
Company’s holdings of cash and short term deposits. 

It is the Group and Company’s policy as part of its management of the budgetary process to place surplus funds on 
short term deposit in order to maximise interest earned.  
Group Sensitivity Analysis: 

Currently  no  significant  impact  exists  due  to  possible  interest  rate  changes  on  the  Company’s  interest  bearing 
instruments. 
Capital risk management 

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as a going concern while 
maximising the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. 

The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, in light of changes in economic conditions. To 
maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Group may adjust or issue new shares or raise debt. No changes were made 
in the objectives, policies or processes during the period ended 31 December 2019. The capital structure of the Group 
consists of equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising issued capital, reserves and retained losses 
as disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Fair values  

The carrying amount of the Group and Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities recognised at amortised cost 
in the financial statements approximate their fair value. 
Hedging 

At 31 December 2019, the Group had no outstanding contracts designated as hedges. 
28.  Post Statement of Financial Position events 

Investment in Katoro Gold PLC 

Following    Kibo’s    investment  in  Katoro  Gold  PLC  during  2019  by  subscribing  to  its  October  2019  placing  for  1.8 
million shares issued at a price of 1p (£18,000), the Company  subsequently exercised the warrants attached to these 
shares at their exercise price of 1.5p and receiving an additional 1.8 million Katoro  shares in February 2020.  Kibo’s 
equity interest in Katoro at the date of this report is 29.70%.
Issue of Convertible Loan Note 

In July 2020, the Company secured a £1 million facility (“the Facility”) from a consortium of lenders. The Facility, in 
the form of a convertible loan note issued by Kibo, will provide sufficient working capital to allow it proceed with 
reaching key development milestones, particularly for the Benga and Mast Energy Developments Limited projects 
over the next twelve months. At an EGM held on 24 August 2020, shareholders approved resolutions to increase the 
authorised share capital of the Company  which was required to fully avail of the Facility and meet all related funding 
costs. The Company is now fully enabled to avail of the Facility. Refer to the Going Concern paragraph  on page 24 for 
further details. 
Share Issues  

During 2020 to date, Kibo issued an additional 135,526,399 shares comprising 29,214,110 to contractors & service 
providers for agreed invoice payments at share prices of 0.45p & 0.2p;  8,000,000 as final payment to MED with regard 
to acquisition costs for Bordersley, at  a share price 5.25p; and 98,312,289 shares in payment of first drawdown fee, 
legal fee, arrangement fee and issue of  conversion shares with regard to the Facility at  share prices  ranging from 
0.22p to 0.27p. 
Increased Investment in Mast Energy Developments and Listing of Sloane on the LSE 

In August 2020, Sloane Developments Limited, a 100%  owned UK Kibo subsidiary, acquired from St Anderton on 
Vaal Limited ('St Anderton') the remaining 40% interest in Mast Energy Developments Ltd ('Mast Energy'), that it 
did not already hold, in exchange for 36,917,076 new Ordinary Shares in Sloane.  Accordingly, Sloane (to be 
renamed Mast Energy Ltd) will at completion of the share exchange transaction own a 100% interest in Mast Energy 
alongside its 100% interest in Bordersley Power Ltd as it seeks to develop a portfolio of flexible power plants in the 
UK. St Anderton will at completion hold 26.11% of Sloane, with Kibo holding the remaining 73.89%. Sloane has 
made an application to the LSE for admission  to the Standard List which will be accompanied by an IPO to raise 
funds to advance Mast Energy’s energy portfolio in the UK. 
Settlement and Termination of Convertible Loan Note and Placing 

Kibo settled all outstanding amounts due under the Convertible Loan Note ("CLN"), announced on 25 June 2020 and 
reached agreement with the holders of the CLN to terminate the CLN with immediate effect. The Company has 
further undertaken a successful placing to raise GBP1,450,000 before costs through the Company's broker ETX 
Capital, at a placing price of 0.2p per placing share, with 1 warrant attached for every two placing shares, 
exercisable at 0.4p each over 36 months. 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

29.  Commitments and Contingencies 

Benga Power Project 

Kibo  entered  into  a  Joint  Venture  Agreement  (the  ‘Benga  Power  Joint  Venture’  or  ‘JV’)  with  Mozambique  energy 
company  Termoeléctrica  de  Benga  S.A.  to  participate  in  the  further  assessment  and  potential  development  of  the 
Benga Independent Power Project (‘BIPP’). In order to maintain its initial participation interest Kibo is required to 
ensure funding of a maximum amount of £1 million towards the completion of a Definitive Feasibility Study, however 
this expenditure is still discretionary. 

Other  than  the  commitments  and  contingencies  noted  above,  the  Group  does  not  have  identifiable  material 
commitments and contingencies as at the reporting date. Any contingent rental is expensed in the period in which it 
is incurred.

75 

 
 
 
 
 
KIBO ENERGY PLC 

ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTES TO THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Accounting policy

Headline earnings per share (HEPS) is calculated using the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue 
during the period and is based on the earnings attributable to ordinary shareholders, after excluding those items as 
required by Circular 1/2019 issued by the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants (SAICA). 
Reconciliation of Headline earnings per share 

Headline loss per share 

Headline loss per share comprises the following: 
Reconciliation of headline loss per share: 

Loss for the period attributable to normal shareholders 
Adjustments 
Impairment of the Intangible Assets 
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries 
Headline loss for the period attributable to normal shareholders 

31 December 
2019 (£) 
(3,500,004) 

31 December 
2018 (£) 
(3,388,778)

- 
(4,091,064) 
(591,060) 

912,892 
(2,475,886)
- 

Headline loss per ordinary share

(0.005) 

(0.004) 

Weighted average number of shares in issue: 

849,795,672 

565,932,121 

Headline loss per share, on a per-share basis: 
Reconciliation of headline loss per share: 

Loss for the period attributable to normal shareholders 
Adjustments 
Impairment of the Intangible Assets 
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries 
Headline loss for the period attributable to normal shareholders 

31 December 
2019 (£) 
(0.0041) 

31 December 
2018 (£) 
(0.0059)

- 
(0.0048) 
(0.0007) 

0.0016 
(0.0043)
- 

Headline loss per ordinary share

(0.005) 

(0.004) 

In  order  to  accurately  reflect  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  for  the  purposes  of  basic 
earnings, dilutive earnings and headline earnings per share as at year end, the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares was adjusted retrospectively. 

76