OptiBiotix Health Plc Annual Report 2018

Plain-text annual report

ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2018 Contents Company Information Chairman’s and Chief Executive’s Statement Strategic Report Directors’ Report Report of the Independent Auditors Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 2 7 13 16 19 24 25 26 27 28 Company Statement of Financial Position Company Statement of Changes in Equity Company Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Company Statements of Cash Flows Notes to the Financial Statements 29 30 31 32 33 1 OptiBiotix Health Plc Company Information Directors: S P O’Hara G Barker P Wennström C Wood R Davidson M Christie S Kolyda F Narbel Secretary: International Registrars Limited Registered number: 05880755 (England & Wales) Registered office: Innovation Centre Innovation Way York YO10 5DG Auditors: Jeﬀreys Henry LLP Finsgate 5-7 Cranwood Street London EC1V 9EE Nominated adviser: Cairn Financial Advisers LLP Cheyne House Crown Court 62-63 Cheapside London EC2V 6AX Brokers: ﬁnnCap 60 New Broad street London EC2M 1JJ Website Address: www.optibiotix.com Annual Report and Accounts 2018 2 Market Context The human microbiome are collectively the trillions of microorganisms which lives in and on our bodies and which play a vital part in our health. The awareness and scientiﬁc evidence of the microbiome and its relationship to human health and disease has grown in the last few years and now attracts much interest from global pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Strong evidence of the growing interest is the rapidly growing number of scientiﬁc publications in the ﬁeld from Europe, the USA, and more recently China. Life sciences companies are showing growing interest in the microbiome to harness the power of developing non-pharmaceutical solutions for health problems. It is estimated that by 2025Microbiome development opportunities will be worth close to a trillion dollars with estimated growth (2022-2025) of 22.3% CAGR (Source: Market & Markets January 2016). Europe is expected to account for the largest total share mainly through its signiﬁcant presence in the probiotics and prebiotics ﬁelds and the acceptance of these products by the consumer. For probiotics the global retail value was USD40 billion in 2016. For probiotic supplements the retail value was USD4.3 billion in 2016 with a 38% growth prediction to 2021, whilst the US market retail value of probiotic supplements is expected to grow by 55% (2016-2021) to USD3.3 billion. (Source: Euromonitor International June 2017). The OptiBiotix Difference • Utilises validated technology platforms which reduce the risk of developing products which modify the microbiome and improve health • Extensive and valuable IP portfolio of 90+ patents and 40+ trademarks, • Commercial partners in place for all platforms with global brands • At the forefront in the development of microbiome products which enable next generation health solutions • Enables current brands to renovate products and price levels and new brands to innovate with new differentiated solutions According to the “Global Nutrition report 2017” more the 2 billion adults (age 18+) in the world are overweight or considered obese. It is today one of the world’s biggest public health problems increasing the risk of chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver, some cancers and immune-related diseases with an estimated cost to the global economy of USD1.2 trillion annual by 2025.In the UK, the bill is set to rise from USD19 billion to USD31 billion per year in 2025. (Source: The Guardian, October 2017). 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We are developing the next generation of microbial strains (LPLDL®), targeted prebiotics (LPGOS), sweet functional ﬁbres (SweetBiotix®), compounds and formulations (SlimBiome®) which modulate the human microbiome and impact on lipid and cholesterol management, energy harvest and appetite suppression, fuelled by our proprietary development and technology platforms to bring potential health beneﬁts. 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February – Presentation of research at an international conference (ProBiota 2018) with DSM, on the development of a prebiotic which selectively enhances the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (“LGG®”) April – Exclusive agreement with Trigen Pharma to commercialise OptiBiotix’s own label CholBiome® products in Pakistan. May – Exclusive agreement with Akums Drugs and Pharmaceuticals to exclusively manufacture and supply products containing LPLDL®, in India. May – SlimBiome® wins award for Weight Management Ingredient of the Year at the Vitafoods European tradeshow in Geneva. May – LPLDL® non exclusive agreement with Seed Health to commercialise products containing LP-LDL® in the USA. June – Exclusive license agreement with ALFASIGMA to commercialise food supplements containing LPLDL® in Italy. June – Exclusivity with global corporate for the scale up and manufacture of SweetBiotix® September – Exclusive agreement with a US company for LPLDL® as a drug product with 6 ﬁgure milestone payments October – Non exclusive distribution agreement with CTC Holding to distribute SlimBiome® weight in the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia and Colombia. November – SlimBiome® receives CE mark and approval as a medical device. December – Exclusive distribution for SlimBiome® Medical in Greece and Cyprus. December – Appointment of Dr Fred Narbel as Managing Director of OptiBiotix’s prebiotic division Annual Report and Accounts 2018 4 Over the last year OptiBiotix has moved its Probiotic and OptiBiome divisions forward to commercialise their products i.e. Cholesterol and blood pressure reducing LPLDL® strain and its weight management ingredient SlimBiome® which were both launched at the VitaFoods tradeshow in Geneva may 2017. As part of the commercialisation process OptiBiotix has been focusing on getting the right partners in place for the manufacturing of the active ingredients and partners for the ﬁnal product applications to be able to supply into distribution partners. OptiBiotix has achieved media and industry attention which has strengthened the commercial development of its products leading to a signiﬁcant number of commercial agreements. Brief outlook on 2019: The focus for 2019 is on reaching new agreements, ensuring existing agreements generate revenues for SlimBiome® and LPLDL® and extending commercial reach further into the US and Asia. With the fast maturing Probiotics division we see a large potential in developing the manufacturing of the LPLDL® strain suitable for the pharmaceutical area. SweetBiotix® is progressing really well scientiﬁcally and is looking to oﬀer a number of technology platforms which are now maturing into multiple opportunities across a wide range of application areas with a number of large corporates both on manufacturing and application development. We have achieved a number of scientiﬁc awards for our science at ProBiota and wonweight Management of the Year fro SlimBiome at Viafoods 2018. “Rewarding true innovation and cutting edge research in healthy foods, supplements and nutrition” 5 OptiBiotix Health Plc (cid:34) OptiBiotix Deal Pipeline D E A L S (cid:1)(cid:37) (cid:33)(cid:37) (cid:2)(cid:37) (cid:4)(cid:37) (cid:5)(cid:37) (cid:6)(cid:37) (cid:7)(cid:37) (cid:36)(cid:37) (cid:34)(cid:37) (cid:35)(cid:37) (cid:36)(cid:35)(cid:34)(cid:4)(cid:37) (cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:34)(cid:35)(cid:36) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:22)(cid:34) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) (cid:37) 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(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) Annual Report and Accounts 2018 6 Chairman’s and Chief Executive’s Statement We are pleased to present OptiBiotix the Health plc’s and “Company”) accounts ended 30 November 2018. (“Optibiotix” or report annual year the for The 12 months to 30 November 2018 have seen the continued transition of the Company from a research and development business to a company showing strong commercial traction for its award winning products and technologies with signiﬁcant deal ﬂow and rapidly growing revenues. This period has seen eighteen commercial agreements signed in the year to 30 November 2018, eight more than the 10 deals concluded in 2017. OptiBiotix has now completed twenty eight deals reﬂecting international interest from industry in high value ingredients and products which have a strong scientiﬁc and clinical evidence base. Of these deals approximately 20% are with companies whose annual turnover is greater than one billion dollars, and represent an opportunity to access global markets with large corporate partners. As the year progressed, an increasing number of agreements started to generate income with revenue growth in the second half of the year signiﬁcantly higher than at the start of the year. As existing deals contribute to full year revenues, partners continue to grow sales with new product launches in 2019, and new agreements continue to be signed on a regular basis, we anticipate further revenue growth in 2019. Key to OptiBiotix’s success is its strong science, independent clinical studies, and key opinion leader endorsement. Whilst each product has a diﬀerent technological base they are united by a common theme of:- • • • Understanding the underlying science and mechanism of action in laboratory studies. This allows us to optimise our products and identify multiple application opportunities. Proving our products are safe and that they work in humans by carrying out independent clinical studies and publishing them in leading peer reviewed journals authored by leading academics respected by industry. Working with world leading key opinion leaders who support the science behind our products. This systematic approach has led to OptiBiotix’s science winning awards at international conferences (ProBiota 2017 and 2018) and its two products, LPLDL and SlimBiome®, being nominated for awards, with SlimBiome® winning the award for best weight management ingredient at Food Matters in November 2017, and Vitafoods in May 2018. Of particular note in 2018 was the award for best scientiﬁc abstract at ProBiota with co-authors DSM for developing a prebiotic which selectively increased the growth rate of DSM”s Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG®), contained within its Culturelle® range. We believe this is the 777 OptiBiotix Health Plc ﬁrst reported publication of an optimised prebiotic for LGG®, one of the world’s best-selling probiotics. We see the combination of a probiotic and a prebiotic, which selectively enhances the probiotics growth and functionality, creates a means to provide product diﬀerentiation and enhance the beneﬁts of existing probiotic products in the market. We anticipate further commercial progress in this area in 2019. We were also pleased by results of a clinical study carried out by the University of Roehampton which demonstrated that human volunteers taking SlimBiome® had statistically signiﬁcant reductions in weight, BMI, hip circumference, percentage body fat, fat mass and systolic blood pressure (P<0.01) after four weeks of SlimBiome® intake. Signiﬁcant reductions in cravings for savoury foods (P<0.001) and a trend for reduced sweet cravings were recorded from the end of week one of the treatment onwards, accompanied by a signiﬁcant improvement in mood (P<0.01). This study added further evidence to other clinical studies and consumer feedback which shows SlimBiome® has a signiﬁcant impact on food cravings and hunger, leading to easier and more successful weight loss, typically 2-3lbs per week. We believe this strategy of investing in strong science and clinical studies, which independently demonstrate the safety and eﬃcacy of our products, provides clear product diﬀerentiation and stimulates high industry interest, leading to strong deal ﬂow. As the Company continues its transition from a technology company to a product company, it will continue to carry out further studies and present its science at international conferences and in leading peer reviewed journals around the world. Of particular note in the last year is the recognition of this systematic approach from pharmaceutical companies who have signed deals to develop LPLDL® as a drug product, and the award of medical device status and CE mark for SlimBiome®. These represent signiﬁcant value enhancing steps as they extend the commercial opportunities for LPLDL® and SlimBiome® into the high value medical products and pharmaceutical drug markets. As the scientiﬁc and consumer understanding of the role of the microbiome in the prevention of disease and the maintenance of health grows we see substantial opportunities in international markets for our products. We look forward to converting this interest into growing revenue streams from license deals and supply agreements in the months and years ahead. During the period to date we have achieved a number of key objectives, which continue to build shareholder value. These include:- • • A US manufacturing, supply and proﬁt sharing agreement with Cereal Ingredients, Inc for SlimBiome®. Completion of ﬁve successful human taste studies on SweetBiotix® demonstrating high sweetness and low oﬀ ﬂavours. • • • • • • • • • • • • • A ﬁve year distribution agreement with Trigen Pharma International to exclusively distribute and commercialise OptiBiotix’s own label CholBiome® products in Pakistan. A non-exclusive distribution agreement with Cambridge Commodities Ltd to distribute SlimBiome® weight management technology in the United Kingdom. A ﬁve year agreement with Akums Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd to exclusively manufacture and supply supplements and biotherapeutic drug products containing LPLDL® in India. A non exclusive agreement with Seed Health to produce, promote, market, and commercialise products containing LPLDL® in the USA. A non-exclusive license with one of the world’s largest providers of dairy products to explore the potential for using OptiBiotix’s SweetBiotix® technology to reduce the sugar content in a range of its dairy food products. the Exclusive agreement with a US company development of LPLDL® as a drug product with a six ﬁgure milestone payments at signing and at two subsequent conditional milestones, amounts totalling a seven-ﬁgure sum. for Exclusive license agreement with AlfaSigma to commercialise food supplements containing LPLDL® in Italy. Non exclusive distribution agreement with CTC Holding to distribute SlimBiome® in the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia and Colombia. Launch of OptiBiotix online selling own brand GoFigure® and CholBiome® products direct to market providing a shop window for its LPLDL® and SlimBiome® technologies. Award for SlimBiome® for Weight Management Ingredient of the Year at Vitafoods 2018 and ‘Best Functional Ingredient for Health and Wellbeing’ at Food Matters. for best scientiﬁc abstract at ProBiota 2018 Award co-authored with DSM identiﬁcation and for development of a prebiotic which selectively enhances the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (“LGG®”) in the gut. the Independent human studies from by Oxford Brookes University demonstrating that volunteers who took SlimBiome® compared to a placebo feel fuller and are less hungry, have less food cravings, and eat less sweet and fatty foods. The granting of medical device status and a CE mark for SlimBiome® extending its application as a food ingredient into high value medical products within consumer healthcare and pharmaceutical markets. The appointment of Neil Davidson as Non-Executive Chairman bringing sector expertise, a network of industry contacts, and over 30 years of operational and Board experience as Chairman, Chief Executive and Director of FTSE 100, AIM and private companies. The investment in OptiBiotix of £450k by new non executive board members Neil Davidson and Sean Christie. • • Strategy OptiBiotix’s strategy is to develop microbiome product with a scientiﬁc and clinical evidence base targeted at large markets (>£100 million) where there are high growth opportunities (CAGR >10%), and a large unmet demand. Given the evolving nature of the microbiome OptiBiotix’s approach has been designed to reduce investor risk by building multiple opportunities within the microbiome space across a number of platforms which create food ingredients, supplements and pharmaceutical products with partners. This multi partner, multi-channel approach, enables OptiBiotix to maximize the income potential of each product, whilst limiting the risk related to any individual deal. This is reﬂected in OptiBiotix’s deal structure in which approximately 20% of deals are with companies whose annual turnover greater than one billion dollars, and the remaining 80% are with small to medium size companies who are quicker to market. Common to each partner is an existing industry reputation and an established distribution network within the target market. This allows OptiBiotix to operate on a very asset-light infrastructure with manufacturing, regulatory approvals, and sales and marketing infrastructure funded by OptiBiotix’s partners such that license and royalty fees are largely cost free. Whilst this strategy takes longer to develop than single license deals it is a low risk, low cost approach to accessing multiple consumer healthcare and pharmaceutical markets around the world, and if successful, has the potential to cumulatively generate substantive revenues and proﬁtability in the forthcoming years. The large number of agreements signed in 2018 across multiple application areas represents early execution of this strategy. These agreements are starting to generate recurrent revenue streams and will form the backbone of future sales growth. We anticipate further execution of this strategy in 2019 with growing revenues against a continued low-cost base creating proﬁtable divisions across all areas of the Company. In April 2017, OptiBiotix’s majority owned skincare subsidiary, SkinBiotherapeutics (formerly SkinBiotix), was admitted to AIM with an associated £4.5 million institutional and private client investment manager fundraise. SkinBiotherapeutics plc is making solid progress in Annual Report and Accounts 2018 8 industry validation of building relationships with potential commercial partners, successfully completing human studies, and building a commercial leadership team. As its partnership discussions turn into commercial agreements providing its technology we anticipate SkinBiotherapeutics plc will grow in value whereupon OptiBiotix shareholders will beneﬁt from the appreciation of this asset. This is an innovative business model which over time looks to give OptiBiotix shareholders a position in multiple separately listed companies, and with it the prospect of multiple returns. As part of this strategy OptiBiotix raised £1.025 million through the issue of convertible loan notes for its wholly owned subsidiary ProBiotix Health Limited. The funds will be used to provide funding for an independent exit or potential initial public oﬀering of ProBiotix in the UK, Europe, or the US, depending on market conditions. This is in line with OptiBiotix’s strategy to form separate divisions, which could in due course become separate legal entities with the potential for a separate public listing. Commercial The last twelve months has seen the continued transition of OptiBiotix® from a research and development Company to a commercial business with the signing of eighteen agreements with products now being commercialised in over thirty countries. This includes a number of agreements with leading manufacturing partners within India. This introduces local manufacture to the supply chain to meet the needs of existing and new corporate partners and extend the opportunities oﬀered by our products into the fast growing India and Southern Asia markets. We anticipate further deals with manufacturing partners in other territories as we extend the reach of OptiBotix’s products around the world. The company has now signed twenty eight agreements since the European launch of it products at Vitafoods in May 2017, and USA product launch at Supply Side West in September 2017. These include ten agreements for the Probiotic division, six for SlimBiome®, and two for SweetBiotix®. Three of these agreements extend LPLDL® into drug biotherapeutics with one agreement for SlimBiome® as a Medical Device. In the LPLDL® drug biotherapeutics deals, the partner provides all funding for drug registration and approvals in return for exclusivity. With the US partner deal, OptiBiotix receives milestone and/or royalty payments based on product development and future product sales. This is a low cost, low risk approach to enter the pharmaceutical space, which, if successful, has the potential to create signiﬁcant value uplift for OptiBiotix in the years ahead. Similarly, for SlimBiome®, its registration as a medical device with CE mark extends the application of SlimBiome® from food products into high value medical products and opens up access to consumer healthcare and pharmaceutical markets across Europe. This means that OptiBiotix’s products are now being commercialised as ingredients, medical devices, drug biotherapeutics, and supplements through retail and online platforms around the world. food This is all part of a commercial strategy based on closing out deals across multiple levels of the value chain, starting with manufacturing agreements (e.g Sacco, Knighton), royalty bearing license deals with formulation partners (e.g Nutrilinea, Cereal Ingredients) for the supply of white label and branded products, and distribution agreements directly with retailers. This allows OptiBiotix to develop multiple formulations and/or applications, which have the science, cost structure, and synergistic mode of action to create a wide product range, suitable for diﬀerent territories in consumer health, pharmaceutical, and retail companies around the world. Of particular note in 2018 was the signing of two deals with global partners for SweetBiotix®, sweet natural healthy sugars which are not digested in the human gut and hence calorie free. These partners are looking to explore the potential to reduce the sugar content in a range of applications, in particular dairy. These agreements are part of a number of on-going discussions with potential partners who have expertise in either the manufacturing and/or application development of high value speciality ingredients within food and beverage products. One of these partners is funding the pilot scale up and supply of two batches of SweetBiotix® for consumer testing and further application development. Investors are cautioned that discussion with corporate partners takes place within a corporate process and timescale, and are often subject to strict conﬁdentiality clauses which prevents any disclosure of progress or otherwise. With growing concerns over traditional sugars and artiﬁcial sweeteners there is the potential to replace existing ‘unhealthy’ sugars products with non-digestible, low calorie, healthy, SweetBiotix®. Publication of the results on our human studies and accompanying media reports in national newspapers such as The Times has stimulated high industry interest and we anticipate further developments and announcements in this area in the future. The focus for 2019 is on further extending our reach into new application areas and new territories, and translating industry interest into deal ﬂow and further revenue growth. In addition to the registration of SlimBiome® as a medical device, and the development of LPLDL® as a pharmaceutical drug product, we will extend the application of LPLDL® from its use as a supplement into use as a food and dairy ingredient. This is in line with our strategy of building revenues and market presence of our patented and trademarked products (LPLDL®, SlimBiome®) as the ‘Intel’ inside a wide range of food, beverage, supplement, and medical products around the world. The online platform launched in autumn 2018 creates another channel to market and a shop window for our technologies and products. The 999 OptiBiotix Health Plc addition of CholBiome®, and CholBiome® 3X, and muesli pots to the store has lead to month on month increase in sales. We anticipate adding new products, including SlimBiome® Medical, to the online store and growing contribution from online sales in 2019. Results OptiBiotix’s results for the 12 months ended 30 November 2018 are set out in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. The results show revenue for the year of £514K. The majority of this income (£434k) was generated in the second half of the year (June to 30 November 2018) as an increasing number of agreements started to generate revenues. These ﬁgures, albeit from a low base, represent a 543% increase in income from H1 to H2 and a 169% increase on 2017 income of £191K. As existing deals contribute to full year revenues, partners continue to grow sales with new product launches in 2019, and new agreements continue to be signed, we would hope to see continued revenue growth in 2019. Administrative expenses for 2018 were £1,850,403, down £223,865 (17.5%) from administrative expenses of £2,074,268 in 2017. This reﬂected a £141,719 reduction in research and development costs (2018: £160,673; 2017: £302,392) as the company transitions from a research and development business to a commercial business. Reductions were also seen in patent and IP costs (2018: £88,003; 2017: £129,043) as patents were granted reducing ﬁling costs, and legal and professional fees ( 2018: £26,563; 2017: £130,729), which were higher in 2017 due to the public listing of SkinBiotherapeutics plc. Within 2018 administration expenses of £267,943 was for non-cash expenses representing depreciation, amortisation, and share based payment devaluations. The operating loss for the period was £1,498,896, which was £627,906 less than for the same period last year (2017: £2,126,802). At 30 November 2018, the Company had £1.33 million cash in the bank. Once R&D tax credits, and recoverable VAT are added back, the balance was c. £1.67 million. On 14 December 2018, post accounting period, Probiotix Health Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of OptiBiotix Health, announced it had raised £1.025 million of capital through the issue of convertible loan notes in preparation for a potential initial public oﬀering. Of this £198K was received before 30 November with the remaining received post accounting period. With this funding and growing revenues, the cash position remains strong and suﬃcient to cover the delivery of existing commercial plans. The share of loss from OptiBiotix’s associate, SkinBiotherapeutics (SBTX), has increased substantially from £294,278 in 2017 to £448, 223 in 2018, representing an increase in SkinBiotherapeutics scientiﬁc and clinical activity. This is an accounting adjustment and has no impact on the Groups cash balance. Board and Management We continue to evolve the Board in line with the Company’s development. The last twelve months has seen a number of board additions to reﬂect the increased commercial focus. We were pleased to announce the appointment of Neil Davidson CBE as Non-Executive Chairman in January 2018 and Sean Christie, as a Non-Executive Director, who joined us in September 2018. Neil brings to the Board over thirty years of operational and Board experience as Chairman and Chief Executive of FTSE 100, AIM, and private companies. Sean brings ﬁnancial, investor and M&A expertise and a strong track record of delivering revenue growth and creating shareholder value. Both come with a wide network of contacts in the food industry and a wealth of experience on the Board of some of the UK’s largest public companies. Their addition to the board increases the Company’s sector speciﬁc expertise and brings experience of working within a large publicly listed company. We believe with the addition of Neil and Sean, we have a well-balanced Board with scientiﬁc and commercial expertise in the founder and Chief Executive Stephen O’Hara and market expertise in Non-Executive Director Peter Wennström, one of the world’s leading experts in functional food innovation and marketing. Dr Soﬁa Kolyda as Director of Research and Development brings specialised expertise in prebiotics. They are complemented by Christina Wood who brings sales and marketing expertise and our CFO Mark Collingbourne. Gareth Barker will step down from the board at the end of April 2019 due to work commitments in his new role. Gareth was Vice President of Human Nutrition & Health (EMEA) at DSM and took on a new role of President of Personal Care and Aroma Ingredients at DSM in early 2018. On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank Gareth for his contribution in helping guide OptiBiotix through its early developmental years and wish him well in his new role at DSM. We anticipate further additions and changes to the management team and the Board as we extend the global reach of our products and in-line with the continued growth and expansion of the Company. At the end of the accounting period we announced that Dr Fred Narbel would join the board as Managing Director of the prebiotic division containing its SweetBiotix®, OptiBiotic® and microbiome modulating technology platforms. Frederic was Vice President of Sales for Nutrition Solutions at Agropur, a company with annualised sales of $6.4 billion (2017), and joined us on 1 March 2019. This appointment reﬂects the growing partner interest in OptiBiotix’s microbiome modulators and SweetBiotix®. Fred’s experience of speciality food ingredients will help drive the commercialisation of OptiBiotix’s pipeline of products, and in time, add another revenue stream to the growing revenues from OptiBiotix’s LPLDL® and SlimBiome® products. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 10 Outlook The last twelve months have seen the continued transition of OptiBiotix from a research and development business to a company showing strong commercial traction for its award winning products and technologies, with signiﬁcant deal ﬂow and rapidly growing revenues. We anticipate further revenue growth in 2019 as existing deals contribute to full year revenues, and partners continue to grow sales. More of our existing agreements will start to generate revenues in 2019, particularly with larger partners launching products in international markets in late 2019, and new agreements continue to be signed in 2019. We anticipate further revenue growth will occur from our online platform (OPTIBIOTIX.Online), which has been making good progress under the leadership of Steve Riley. Sales have increased month on month as we have extended our range with the launch of new products (e.g. Muesli, CholBiome®), and invested in a mixture of digital and newspaper advertising. To support online sales growth we anticipate adding new products, including SlimBiome® Medical, to the online store and extending the GoFigure® product range. We anticipate revenues in 2019 from SlimBiome® Medical (which received its CE mark and medical device registration at the end of the accounting period), and our SweetBiotix®, OptiBiotic® and microbiome modulating platforms. Revenue growth from these areas will beneﬁt from the appointment of Frederic Narbel as Managing Director of OptiBiotix’s prebiotic division. We are seeing growing interest from international partners in OptiBiotix’s own label CholBiome® and GoFigure® brands and intend to invest in marketing to build the brand. If this is successful we believe there are opportunities to leverage the brand to launch OptiBiotix own label products with partners across the world and build substantive value in these assets. This is being supported by a large investment in patents and trademarks to broaden protection in international markets. OptiBiotix now has an extensive and valuable intellectual property portfolio of over ninety patents and forty trademarks. The Company will continue to invest in its science and clinical studies and present these in peer reviewed scientiﬁc journals and at international conferences, with the endorsement of world key opinion leaders. These presentations and publications raise OptiBiotix’s proﬁle and reputation, attract commercial and media interest in our products, and provide the scientiﬁc evidence for sales and marketing literature in support of product commercialisation. We are particularly pleased that our science continues to win awards at scientiﬁc conferences as this increases industry interest. We were particularly pleased to win the best scientiﬁc abstract at ProBiota 2018 with DSM for the ﬁrst reported publication of an optimised prebiotic for LGG®, contained within DSM’s Culturelle® range. We see the development of species or genera speciﬁc prebiotics which can selectively enhance the growth and health beneﬁts of existing probiotic products as a growing area of interest to 11 OptiBiotix Health Plc the probiotic industry, a market expected to be worth more than $46.5 billion by 2020 (Markets and Markets). As we extend our reach into new application areas and new territories, the scale of the opportunity enlarges. The US is one of the largest and fastest growing probiotic markets in the world and an area of signiﬁcant potential growth in 2019. With supplements alone accounting for US$2.06 billion sales and projected to grow by 55% to US$3.3 billion by 2021, and food and beverage products accounting for $5 billion per annum, (“Trends, Innovations and Opportunities Driving The Global Probiotics Market, Euromonitor International June 2017”), the US is a large and rapidly growing market opportunity for probiotics such as LPLDL®. We were pleased to announce post year end, in February 2019, that the Independent Expert Panel ruled in favour of LPLDL® GRAS status. This is a signiﬁcant achievement and a major commercial milestone for the US market as it expands the potential applications of LPLDL® from use as a supplement to inclusion as a functional ingredient in a wide range of food, dairy, beverage, and high value medical food applications, across the USA. The regulatory approval and extension of our products into other application areas, particularly food and beverages, reﬂects a growing conﬁdence in our products and the scale of the opportunity. We would hope to see the expansion of territories and application areas leading to announcements of deals with a number of national and international partners in the future. With a population of 1.3 billion people and cardiovascular disease accounting for up to 26% of all deaths (The Times of India June 8, 2014), 15-20% of children overweight, and 60-70% of adolescents remaining overweight or obese in their adulthood years India represents a substantial opportunity for OptiBiotix’s products. In a recent visit to India the Company met with around thirty companies who identiﬁed a growing trend within India to improve Health and Wellbeing and an interest in products to help manage lifestyle diseases like heart disease and obesity. We believe India oﬀers a substantial business opportunity which if realised could deliver multimillion pound revenues annually. OptiBiotix’s technology platforms are being developed into self- sustaining business units with a commercial focus lead by directors who have the business development, sales skills and experience to fully exploit the revenue potential of the products. As these develop, our aim is to separate them into wholly owned separate legal entities with the potential for an independent exit by a trade sale, or listing separately or collectively in UK, Europe, or the US, depending on market conditions. This allows OptiBiotix shareholders to beneﬁt from the appreciation of this asset plus any dividends which may be returned in recognition of this value uplift. This is consistent with our strategy of providing investors a broad based investment portfolio across a number of areas in the microbiome space which diversiﬁes risk, whilst oﬀering shareholders multiple opportunities in this exciting space. The transition from a technology to product company requires a diﬀerent focus and skill set. The appointment of Neil Davidson and Sean Christie is the start of the process of bringing board level sector and into agreements in new territories and application areas in the months ahead to continue rapidly growing revenues in this new and exciting area of science which has the potential to revolutionise the future of healthcare. On behalf of everyone at OptiBiotix Health we would like to thank our investors for their continued support and look forward to an exciting future. N Davidson and S OHara 26 April 2019 FTSE100 expertise into the company. We are pleased that both Neil and Sean have invested in the region of £450,000 in OptiBiotix since their appointment early in 2018. This level of ﬁnancial commitment from such established industry leaders as new board members provides reassurance to the Board on its strategy. The Company is developing technology and products in the microbiome space, a market growing at 22.3% per year, and described by health experts as “healthcare’s most promising and lucrative frontier” (Markets and Markets). The Board believes OptiBiotix® is at the leading edge in this space and has the right strategy, team, and award winning technology and products in place, to build a substantive business over the next few years. We are particularly pleased by the results customers are achieving with our products with substantive reductions in cholesterol using CholBiome® X3 and typical weight loss of 2-3lbs per week with SlimBiome® and GoFigure® products. The last twelve months has seen continued progress in building a broad-based microbiome business with a diversity of IP and commercial agreements which provides shareholders with multiple opportunities. The large number of agreements signed in 2018 across multiple application areas and territories represent early tangible evidence of this progress. The next stage of the process is to build on existing revenues streams to continue building sales in 2019 against a continued low-cost base creating proﬁtable divisions across all areas of the Company. We are pleased that our strategy of developing microbiome products with a strong scientiﬁc and clinical evidence base with key opinion leader support has provided clear product diﬀerentiation and stimulated high commercial interest. We look forward to converting this interest Annual Report and Accounts 2018 12 Strategic Report Review Of Business Financial And Capital Risk Management The Directors constantly monitor the ﬁnancial risks and uncertainties facing the Group with particular reference to the exposure of credit risk and liquidity risk. They are conﬁdent that suitable policies are in place and that all material ﬁnancial risks have been considered. The ﬁnancial risk management objectives and policies can be found within note 23 of the ﬁnancial statements. The Board’s objective is to maintain a balance sheet that is both eﬃcient and delivers long term shareholder value. The Group had cash balances of £1,324,307 as at 30 November 2018 and had no short-term borrowings. The Board continues to monitor the balance sheet to ensure it has an adequate capital structure. A review of the business of the Group, together with comments on future developments is given in the Chairman’s and Chief Executive’s Statement on pages 2 to 12. Principal Risks And Uncertainties Facing The Group Technology and products The Group is involved in microbiome modulation products discovery and development. The development and commercialisation of its intellectual property and future products will require human nutritional studies and there is a risk that products may not perform as expected. This risk is common to all new products developed for human consumption. Technologies used within the food, beverage and healthcare market place are constantly evolving and improving. There is a risk that the Group’s products may become outdated or their commercial value decrease as improvements in technology are made and competitors launch competing products. To mitigate this risk the Group is working with industry key opinion leaders, will attend international conferences and intends to develop a research and development department which will keep up with the latest developments in the industry. Intellectual Property The Group is focused on protecting its IP and seeking to avoid infringing on third parties’ IP. To protect its products, the Group is building and securing patents to protect its key products. However, there remains the risk that the Group may face opposition from third parties to patents that it seeks to have granted and that the outstanding patent applications are not granted. The Group engages legal advisers to mitigate the risk of patent infringement and to assist with the protection of the Group’s IP. 13 OptiBiotix Health Plc Principal Risks And Uncertainties Market Risks Impact Mitigation Brexit New regulations could add complexity and delays to operations. The current consensus is that Brexit will not aﬀect the regulations that are relevant to our business. Currency ﬂuctuations could increase costs and aﬀect proﬁtability. Currency ﬂuctuations will impact both sales and costs. Our initial product oﬀering is not price-sensitive. Substantial cost increases will be passed on. Technology The Group’s platform is currently unique. Rapid technological advances could see competitor products being launched. The Group has product development plans in place for improved technology as well as for a wider product portfolio that includes additional innovative solutions for the targeted consumer groups. Operational Risks Impact Mitigation Technology Commercialisation The Group is launching products that are not already available in the consumer market. The Group has responded to consumer demand. The Group is making the transition from a research-based organisation to a full commercial organisation. Manufacturing set-up and learning curve could delay sales or could impact our rate of growth. The Group recruited experienced management and consultants to manage the process and negotiate contracts. Financial Risks Impact Mitigation Future funding requirements Legal Risks Intellectual Property litigation Our current funding covers current requirements. Potential as yet unidentiﬁed opportunities may not be pursued with the existing funding. Management will analyse major opportunities and present them in additional business cases when warranted. Impact Mitigation Any claim brought against us would detract the Company from its business. The Group engages with IP specialists to ensure we have a strong position. To our knowledge we do not infringe on any patents. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 14 Key Performance Indicators Non-financial Financial Year to 30 November 2018 £’000 Year to 30 November 2017 £’000 Revenue Profit/(Loss) for the period Cash as at 30 November 2018 514 (1,893) 1,324 191 1,918 1,247 During the year to 30 November 2018 the company has achieved a number of key objectives which continue to build shareholder value. These include: • Eighteen commercial agreements with manufacturing, application The Board recognises the importance of KPIs in driving appropriate behaviour and enabling of Group performance. For the year to 30 November 2018 the primary KPI’s were the completion of commercial agreements and the expansion of the Optibiotic® platform. The Group intends to review the following non-ﬁnancial KPIs going forward: 1. Customer relationships 2. IP and trademark registrations 3. Service quality and brand awareness 4. Attraction, motivation and retention of employees Dividends and distribution partners No dividends can be distributed for the year ended 30 November 2018. • Award for SlimBiome® for Weight Management Ingredient of the Year at Vitafoods 2018 and ‘Best Functional Ingredient for Health and Wellbeing’ at Food Matters • Award for best scientiﬁc abstract at ProBiota 2018 for the identiﬁcation and development of a prebiotic which selectively enhances the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (“LGG®”) • The granting of medical device status and a CE mark for SlimBiome® • The appointment of Neil Davidson as Non-executive Chairman bringing sector and FTSE 100 experience to the company. Future Developments The Chairman’s and Chief Executive Statement on pages 2-12 gives information on the future outlook of the Group. On Behalf Of The Board S P O’Hara 26 April 2019 15 OptiBiotix Health Plc Directors’ Report The Directors present their report and the audited ﬁnancial statements of the Group for the year to 30 November 2018. Principal Activity The principal activity of the Group is that of research and development into microbiome modulators. Directors The Directors who served the company during the year and up to the date of this report were as follows: Executive Directors S P O’Hara C Wood P Rehne S Kolyda (Appointed on 4 July 2018) F Narbel (Appointed on 1 March 2019) Non-executive Directors G Barker P Wennström R Davidson (Appointed on 1 January 2018) M Christie (Appointed on 10 September 2018) Directors’ Remuneration The Directors are entitled to receive relevant fees, as detailed in the Directors’ remuneration in Note 4. Directors and their interests The Directors of the Group held the following beneﬁcial interests in the shares and share options of OptiBiotix at the date of this report: Issued Share Capital Share Warrants Share Options Ordinary shares of £0.02 each 10,103,031 478,000 – 125,000 357,722 – – – – Percentage Held Ordinary shares of £0.02 each Warrant exercise price Ordinary shares of £0.02 each 11.8% 0.56% – 0.14% 0.42% – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6,099,135 385,000 – 100,000 – 500,000 500,000 165,000 358,722 Option exercise price £0.08 £0.73 – £0.95 – £0.695 £0.785 £0.73 £0.20 S P O’Hara R Davidson P Wennström M Christie G Barker C Wood F Narbel S Kolyda S Kolyda The share options held by S P O’Hara were granted on 17 September 2016 and are exercisable at £0.08 at any time up 16 September 2024, subject to vesting conditions. The share options held by R Davidson were granted on 13 July 2018 and are exercisable at £0..73 at any time up 13 July 2024, subject to vesting conditions. The share options held by M Christie were granted on 21 September 2018 and are exercisable at £0.95 at any time up 21 September 2028, subject to vesting conditions. The share options held by F Narbel were granted on 27 March 2019 and are exercisable at £0.785 at any time up 27 March 2029, subject to vesting conditions. The 358,772 share options held by S Kolyda were granted on 10 March 2015 and are exercisable at £0.20 at any time up 10 March 2025, subject to vesting conditions. The 165,000 share options held by S Kolyda were granted on 13 September 2018 and are exercisable at £0.73 at any time up 13 September 2019, subject to vesting conditions. The share options held by C Wood were granted on 29 June 2017 and are exercisable at £0.695 at any time up to 29 June 2027, subject to vesting conditions. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 16 Substantial Shareholdings Statement Of Directors’ Responsibilities Substantial shareholdings including Directors as at 23 April 2019 were as follows: The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ Report and the ﬁnancial statements in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Stephen O’Hara Finance Yorkshire Seedcorn LP % of shares issued 11.18 11.05 The share price per share at 30/11/2018 was £0.92 (30/11/2017: £0.69) Financial Instruments The Group’s exposure to ﬁnancial risk is set out in Note 23 to the ﬁnancial statements. Company law requires the Directors to prepare ﬁnancial statements for each ﬁnancial period. Under that law the Directors have, as required by the AIM Rules for Companies of the London Stock Exchange, elected to prepare ﬁnancial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted for use in the European Union. Under company law the Directors must not approve the ﬁnancial statements unless they are satisﬁed that they give a true and fair view of the state of aﬀairs of the Company and of the proﬁt or loss of the Company for that period. In preparing these ﬁnancial statements, the Directors are required to: • select suitable accounting policies and then apply them Research And Development consistently; The Chairman’s and Chief Executive Statement on page 2-12 gives information on the Group’s research and development activities. Political And Charitable Contributions The Group made no charitable or political contributions during the period. Events After The Reporting Period Refer to Note 24 to the ﬁnancial statements for further details. Publication Of Accounts On Group Website Financial statements are published on the Group’s website. The maintenance and integrity of the website is the responsibility of the Directors. The Directors’ responsibilities also extend to the ﬁnancial statements contained therein. Going Concern The ﬁnancial statements have been prepared on the assumption that the Group is a going concern. When assessing the foreseeable future, the Directors have looked at the budget for the next 12 months from the date of this report, the cash at bank available as at the date of approval of this report and are satisﬁed that the Group should be able to cover its quoted maintenance cost, other administrative expenses, as well as its ongoing research and development expenditure. After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt a going concern basis in preparing the annual report and ﬁnancial statements. 17 OptiBiotix Health Plc • make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; • state whether the company ﬁnancial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the ﬁnancial statements; and • prepare the ﬁnancial statements on the going concern basis, unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business. The Directors conﬁrm that the ﬁnancial statements comply with the above requirements. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are suﬃcient to show and explain the company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the ﬁnancial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the ﬁnancial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. Statement As To Disclosure Of Information To Auditors So far as the Directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as deﬁned by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the Company’s auditor is unaware, and each Director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a Director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group’s auditor is aware of the information. Auditor Jeﬀreys Henry LLP will be proposed for re-appointment as auditors at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. Strategic Report In accordance with section 414C(11) of the Companies Act 2006 the Group chooses to report the review of the business, the future outlook and the risks and uncertainties faced by the Group in the Strategic Report on page 13. On Behalf Of The Board S P O’Hara 26 April 2019 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 18 Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of OptiBiotix Health Plc Opinion We have audited the ﬁnancial statements of OptiBiotix Health Plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 30 November 2018 which comprise the consolidated income statement, consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity, company statement of changes in equity, consolidated statement of ﬁnancial position, company statement of ﬁnancial position, consolidated statement of cash ﬂows, company statement of cash ﬂows and notes to the ﬁnancial statements, including a summary of signiﬁcant accounting policies. The ﬁnancial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Group ﬁnancial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The ﬁnancial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the parent company ﬁnancial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union as applied in accordance with the provision of the Companies Act 2006. In our opinion: • the ﬁnancial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the parent company’s aﬀairs as at 30 November 2018 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended; • the Group ﬁnancial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; • the parent company ﬁnancial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRS’s as adopted by the European Union as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and • the ﬁnancial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. Basis for opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the ﬁnancial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the ﬁnancial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulﬁlled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is suﬃcient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Conclusions relating to going concern We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to report to you where: • the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the ﬁnancial statements is not appropriate; or • the Directors have not disclosed in the ﬁnancial statements any identiﬁed material uncertainties that may cast signiﬁcant doubt about the Group’s or the parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting for a period of at least twelve months from the date when the ﬁnancial statements are authorised for issue. Our audit approach Overview Key Audit Matters Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most signiﬁcance in our audit of the ﬁnancial statements of the current period and include the most signiﬁcant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identiﬁed, including those which had the greatest eﬀect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the eﬀorts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the ﬁnancial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. This is not a complete list of all risks identiﬁed by our audit. • Carrying value of investments and recoverability of receivables • Capitalisation of development costs and carrying value of intangible assets These are explained in more detail below Audit scope • We conducted audits of the complete ﬁnancial information of OptiBiotix Health Plc, OptiBiotix Limited, The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited and ProBiotix Health Limited. • We performed speciﬁed procedures over certain account balances and transaction classes at other Group companies. • Taken together, the Group companies over which we performed our audit procedures accounted for 100% of the absolute proﬁt before tax (i.e. the sum of the numerical values without regard to whether they were proﬁts or losses for the relevant reporting units) and 100% of revenue. 19 OptiBiotix Health Plc Key audit matter How our audit addressed the key audit matter Carrying value of investments and recoverability of Group receivables – Company Risk The amount owed to the Company at the year- end by the subsidiary OptiBiotix Limited is £4,044,646. The carrying value of investments in Group companies are as follows: OptiBiotix Limited : £2,000,000 ProBiotix Health Limited : £1,000 The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited : £50,000 Impairment of The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited: As the company has not been trading as of September 2018, the Directors feel it is prudent to write down the investment to £50,000 to reﬂect change in trading status. The remaining investment reﬂects the value of the ‘goﬁgure’ brand held. Carrying value of investments – Group Risk At the year end the Group had investments of £3.74 million made up of the investment in SkinBiotherapeutics plc. We carried out a review of the investments held in the subsidiaries. Management’s underlying assumptions audited. impairment workings were reviewed and the We reviewed management’s basis for impairment across the Company and agree with their approach. As part of the review of management’s forecasts, consideration was given to the capability of the subsidiary to repay the amount within a 12-month period. The estimation of the residual value held in The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited has been assessed. investment We reviewed the in SkinBiotherapeutics plc for impairment, with particular consideration given to the fact that the market value of OptiBiotix Health Plc’s holding at the year-end was greater than the carrying value of the investment. The Directors have assessed whether in SkinBiotherapeutics plc requires impairment and have concluded that it does not, by reference to the company’s share price. investment the Carrying value of intangible assets and capitalisation of development costs The Group had intangible assets of £2.25 million at the year ended 31 December 2018 (2017: £1.92 million), of which £467,639 (2017: £Nil) were development costs capitalised in the year. The remaining costs are comprised of the fair value of patents acquired on the acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited. The Directors have assessed whether intangible assets require impairment and have concluded that they do not. The patents are amortised in a straight line over 20 years, the period in which the Directors believe the assets will generate revenue. The development costs are amortised in a straight line over 10 years, a period the Directors believe to be in line with industry standard. Intangible assets in the accounts have been allocated useful lives and therefore an annual impairment test is not required. However, as OptiBiotix Limited is loss making we considered if there were indicators of impairment and reviewed the discounted cash ﬂow forecasts. The development costs capitalised in the year were evaluated against the recognition criteria of IAS38. The estimated useful economic life assigned to the costs was reviewed. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 20 Our Application Of Materiality The scope of our audit was inﬂuenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds for materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual ﬁnancial statement line items and disclosures and in evaluating the eﬀect of misstatements, both individually and in aggregate on the ﬁnancial statements as a whole. Based on our professional judgment, we determined materiality for the ﬁnancial statements as a whole as follows: Group financial statements Company financial statements Overall materiality £126,000 (2017: £94,000). £120,000 (2017: £52,000). How we determined it 1.5% of gross assets. 1% of gross assets. (2017: average of 3% revenue, 10% proﬁt/loss before tax, 1% gross assets). (2017: average of 3% revenue, 10% proﬁt/loss before tax, 1% gross assets). Rationale for benchmark applied We believe that gross assets is a primary measure used by the performance of the Group, whilst the subsidiaries are in varied states of development and trading. in assessing shareholders shareholders We believe that gross assets is a primary measure used by the performance of the Company, given that it is largely a holding company for the trading subsidiaries. in assessing How we tailored the audit scope We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work to be able to give an opinion on the ﬁnancial statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the Group and the Company, the accounting processes and controls, and the industry in which they operate. The Group ﬁnancial statements are a consolidation of 4 reporting units, comprising the Group’s operating businesses and holding companies. We performed audits of the complete ﬁnancial information of OptiBiotix Health plc, OptiBiotix Limited and The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited reporting units, which were individually ﬁnancially signiﬁcant and accounted for 100% of the Group’s revenue and 100% of the Group’s absolute proﬁt before tax (i.e. the sum of the numerical values without regard to whether they were proﬁts or losses for the relevant reporting units). The Group engagement team performed all audit procedures. For each component in the scope of our Group audit, we allocated a materiality that is less than our overall Group materiality. The range of materiality allocated across components was between £41,000 and £52,000. We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them misstatements identiﬁed during our audit above £6,300 for the Group (2017: £4,700) and £6,000 for the Parent as well as misstatements below those amounts that, in our view, warranted reporting for qualitative reasons. An overview of the scope of our audit As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in the ﬁnancial statements. In particular, we looked at where the Directors made subjective judgments, for example in respect of signiﬁcant accounting estimates that involved making assumptions and considering future events that are inherently uncertain. As in all of our audits we also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including evaluating whether there was evidence of bias by the Directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 21 OptiBiotix Health Plc Other information The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the ﬁnancial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the ﬁnancial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the ﬁnancial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the ﬁnancial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the ﬁnancial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: • the information given in the strategic report and the Directors’ report for the ﬁnancial year for which the ﬁnancial statements are prepared is consistent with the ﬁnancial statements; and • the strategic report and the Directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. Matters on which we are required to report by exception • certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration speciﬁed by law are not made; or • we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. Responsibilities of Directors As explained more fully in the Directors’ responsibilities statement set out on pages 16-17, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the ﬁnancial statements and for being satisﬁed that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of ﬁnancial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the ﬁnancial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the ﬁnancial statements Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the ﬁnancial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to inﬂuence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these ﬁnancial statements. In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and parent company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identiﬁed material misstatements in the strategic report or the Directors’ report. A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the ﬁnancial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: Other matters which we are required to address • adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or • the parent company ﬁnancial statements [and the part of the Directors’ remuneration report to be audited] are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or We were appointed as auditors by the company at the Annual General Meeting on 11 June 2018 to audit the ﬁnancial statements for the period ending 30 November 2018. Our total uninterrupted period of engagement is 5 years, covering the periods ending 30 November 2014 to 30 November 2018. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 22 The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the Group or the parent company and we remain independent of the Group and the parent company in conducting our audit. In addition to the audit, the ﬁrm provides tax compliance services to OptiBiotix Health Plc and its subsidiaries. Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee. Use of this report This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. Sudhir Rawal (Senior Statutory Auditor) For and on behalf of Jeffreys Henry LLP, Statutory Auditor Finsgate 5-7 Cranwood Street London EC1V 9EE 26 April 2019 23 OptiBiotix Health Plc Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Revenue Cost of sales Gross Profit Share based payments Depreciation and amortisation Other administrative costs Total administrative costs Operating (loss) Finance cost Finance income Share of loss from associate Profit on disposal of subsidiary Profit/(loss) before Income tax Income tax Profit/(loss) for the period Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income for the period Total comprehensive income attributable to: Owners of the company Non-controlling interests Earnings per share from continued operations Basic profit/(loss) per share – pence Diluted profit/(loss) per share – pence The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements Notes Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ 514,289 (162,782) 351,507 128,222 141,908 1,580,273 (1,850,403) (1,498,896) – 169 169 (448,223) – (1,946,950) 54,371 (1,892,579) – (1,892,579) (1,919,276) 26,697 (1,892,579) (2.33)p (2.33)p 191,073 (73,706) 117,367 56,932 119,966 2,067,271 (2,244,169) (2,126,802) (6,154) 142 (6,012) (294,278) 4,116,286 1,689,194 228,447 1,917,641 – 1,917,641 1,907,441 10,200 1,917,641 2.43p 2.17p 6 5 5 12 7 8 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 24 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position ASSETS Non-current assets Intangibles Property, plant & equipment Investments CURRENT ASSETS Inventories Trade and other receivables Current tax asset Cash and cash equivalents TOTAL ASSETS EQUITY Shareholders’ Equity Called up share capital Share premium Share based payment reserve Merger relief reserve Retained Earnings Non-controlling interest Total Equity LIABILITIES Current liabilities Trade and other payables Non – current liabilities Deferred tax liability TOTAL LIABILITIES TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Notes As at 30 November 2018 £ As at 30 November 2017 £ 10 11 12 13 14 7 15 16 18 19 2,253,089 3,143 3,740,799 5,997,031 30,433 373,803 303,952 1,324,307 2,032,495 8,029,526 1,694,488 1,603,904 602,739 1,500,000 1,624,348 36,897 7,062,376 520,989 520,989 446,161 446,161 967,150 1,927,226 6,561 4,189,022 6,122,809 8,890 106,122 183,951 1,247,431 1,546,394 7,669,203 1,586,628 6,279,718 474,517 1,500,000 (2,805,347) 10,200 7,045,716 239,395 239,395 384,092 384,092 623,487 8,029,526 7,669,203 These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 26 April 2019 and were signed on its behalf by: S P O’Hara Director Company Registration no. 05880755 The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements 25 OptiBiotix Health Plc Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity Called up Share capital £ Retained Earnings £ Non- Share Controlling interest £ Premium £ Merger Relief Reserve £ Share- based Payment reserve £ Total equity £ Balance at 30 November 2016 7,196,010 (10,345,513) 6,144,357 90,692 1,500,000 417,585 5,003,131 Profit for the year – 1,907,441 – 10,200 Issues of shares during the year 23,343 Share options and warrants Non-controlling Interest Cancellation of shares during the year – – – – – 135,361 – – – – – (90,692) – (5,632,725) 5,632,725 – – – – – – 1,917,641 – 158,704 56,932 56,932 – – (90,692) – Balance at 30 November 2017 1,586,628 (2,805,347) 6,279,718 10,200 1,500,000 474,517 7,045,716 Loss for the year – (1,919,276) – 26,697 Issues of shares during the year 107,860 Share options and warrants Cancellation of share premium account – – – – 1,673,157 – 6,348,971 (6,348,971) – – – – – – – – (1,892,579) – 1,781,017 128,222 128,222 – – Balance at 30 November 2018 1,694,488 1,624,398 1,603,904 36,897 1,500,000 602,739 7,062,376 Share capital is the amount subscribed for shares at nominal value. Share premium represents amounts subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value, net of expenses. Merger relief reserve arises from the 100% acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited on 5 August 2014 whereby the excess of the fair value of the issued ordinary share capital issued over the nominal value of these shares is transferred to this reserve in accordance with section 612 of the Companies Act 2006. Retained earnings represents the cumulative profits and losses of the Group attributable to the owners of the company. Share based payment reserve represents the cumulative amounts charged in respect of unsettled warrants and options issued. The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements Annual Report and Accounts 2018 26 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes 1 Cash flows from operating activities Cash utilised by operations Interest received Taxation Net cash outflow from operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Purchases of property, plant and equipment Purchase of intangible assets Disposal of subsidiary net of cash balances Net cash outflow from investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Share issues Net cash inflow from financing activities Increase/(decrease) in cash and equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 15 The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ (1,233,717) 169 – (1,233,548) (2,954) (469,639) – (470,593) 1,781,017 1,781,017 76,876 1,247,431 1,324,307 (1,895,285) 142 141,902 (1,753,241) (1,804) (43,381) (228,212) (273,397) 158,703 158,703 (1,867,935) 3,115,366 1,247,431 27 OptiBiotix Health Plc Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 1. Reconciliation of loss before income tax to cash outflow from operations Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ Operating loss (1,498,896) (Increase)/Decrease in inventories (21,543) Increase in trade and other receivables (267,681) Increase in trade and other payables 281,594 Depreciation charge 2,187 Share Option expense 128,222 Amortisation of patents and development costs 139,721 Loss on disposal of tangible and intangible assets 2,679 Net cash outflow from operations (1,233,717) (2,126,802) 17,735 (172,336) 209,220 6,998 56,932 112,968 – (1,895,285) 2. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements Year ended 30 November 2018 £ 1,324,307 Year ended 30 November 2017 £ 1,247,431 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 28 Company Statement of Financial Position ASSETS Non-current assets Investments Other receivables CURRENT ASSETS Trade and other receivables Cash and cash equivalents TOTAL ASSETS EQUITY Shareholders’ Equity Called up share capital Share premium Merger relief reserve Share based payment reserve Accumulated profit Total Equity LIABILITIES CURRENT LIABILITIES Trade and other payables TOTAL LIABILITIES TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES As at 30 November 2018 £ As at 30 November 2017 £ Notes 12 14 14 15 16 18 6,534,300 4,242,286 10,776,586 9,242 1,167,437 1,176,679 11,953,265 1,694,488 1,603,904 1,500,000 602,739 6,323,134 6,633,299 – 6,633,299 2,726,860 1,007,769 3,734,629 10,367,928 1,586,628 6,279,718 1,500,000 474,517 470,658 11,724,265 10,311,521 229,000 229,000 56,407 56,407 11,953,265 10,367,928 These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 26 April 2019 and were signed on its behalf by: S P O’Hara Director Company Registration no. 05880755 The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements 29 OptiBiotix Health Plc Company Statement of Changes in Equity Called up Share capital £ Retained Earnings £ Share Premium £ Merger Share-based Payment reserve £ Relief Reserve £ Total equity £ Balance at 30 November 2016 7,196,010 (8,522,570) 6,144,357 1,500,000 417,585 6,735,382 Profit for the period Issues of shares during the year Share options and warrants – 3,360,503 23,343 – – – Cancellation of shares during the period (5,632,725) 5,632,725 – 135,361 – – – – – – – – 3,360,503 158,704 56,932 56,932 – – Balance at 30 November 2017 1,586,628 470,658 6,279,718 1,500,000 474,517 10,311,521 Loss for the period – (496,495) – Issues of shares during the year 107,860 Share options and warrants Cancellation of share premium account – – – – 1,673,157 – 6,348,971 (6,348,971) – – – – – – (496,495) 1,781,015 128,222 128,222 – – Balance at 30 November 2018 1,694,488 6,323,134 1,603,904 1,500,000 602,739 11,724,265 Share capital is the amount subscribed for shares at nominal value. Share premium represents amounts subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value, net of expenses. Merger relief reserve arises from the 100% acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited on 5 August 2014 whereby the excess of the fair value of the issued ordinary share capital issued over the nominal value of these shares is transferred to this reserve in accordance with section 612 of the Companies Act 2006. Retained earnings represents the cumulative profits and losses of the Company attributable to the owners of the company. Share based payment reserverepresents the cumulative amounts charged in respect of unsettled warrants and options issued. The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements Annual Report and Accounts 2018 30 Company Statement of Cash Flows Notes 1 Cash flows from operating activities Cash utilised by operations Interest received Net cash outflow from operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Investment in subsidiaries Net cash outflow from investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Share issues Net cash inflow from financing activities Increase/(decrease) in cash and equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 15 The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements 30 November 2018 Year ended £ 30 November 2017 Year ended £ (1,620,434) 85 (1,620,349) (1,000) (1,000) 1,781,017 1,781,017 159,668 1,007,769 1,167,437 (1,263,554) 64 (1,263,490) (74,895) (74,895) 158,703 158,703 (1,179,682) 2,187,451 1,007,769 31 OptiBiotix Health Plc Notes to the Company Statement of Cash Flows 1. Reconciliation of loss before income tax to cash generated from operations Operating loss (Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables (Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables Share Option expense Interest received Impairment losses Net cash outflow from operations 2. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents The notes on pages 33 to 53 form part of these financial statements Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ (496,495) (462,696) (1,327,028) (838,784) 172,593 (18,943) 128,222 56,932 197,725 64 99,999 (1,620,434) – (1,263,554) As at 30 November 2018 £ 1,167,437 As at 30 November 2017 £ 1,007,769 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 32 Notes to the Financial Statements 1. General Information OptiBiotix Health plc is a company incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales. Details of the registered oﬃce, the oﬃcers and advisers to the Company are presented on the Company information page at the start of this report. The Company’s oﬃces are in York. The Company is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange (ticker: OPTI). The principal activity of the Group was that of research and development into microbiome modulators. 2. Accounting Policies Statement of compliance The consolidated ﬁnancial statements of OptiBiotix Health plc have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), International Accounting Standards (IASs) and International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) interpretations (collectively ‘IFRS’) as adopted for use in the European Union and as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and with those parts of the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. Basis of preparation The ﬁnancial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies are summarised below. They have all been applied consistently throughout the period under review. Going concern The ﬁnancial statements have been prepared on the assumption that the Company is a going concern. When assessing the foreseeable future, the Directors have looked at the budget for the next 12 months from the date of this report, the cash at bank available as at the date of approval of this report and are satisﬁed that the Group should be able to cover its quoted maintenance costs, other administrative expenses and its ongoing research and development expenditure. After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt a going concern basis in preparing the annual report and ﬁnancial statements. New and amended standards adopted by the Group There are no IFRS or IFRIC interpretations that are eﬀective for the ﬁrst time in this ﬁnancial period that would be expected to have a material impact on the Group. The following new standards, amendments to standards, and interpretations have been issued, but are not eﬀective for the ﬁnancial period beginning 1 December 2017 and have not been early adopted: New Standards, amendments and interpretations issued but not effective Application date of Application date of Reference Title Summary standard Company IFRS 2 Share Amendments to classification and Periods commencing on 1 December 2018 based payments measurement of share-based or after 1 January 2018 payment transactions IFRS 4 Insurance Amendments regarding Periods commencing on 1 December 2018 contracts implementation of IFRS 9 or after 1 January 2018 IFRS 9 Financial Revised standard for accounting for Periods commencing on Instruments financial instruments or after 1 January 2018 1 December 2018 33 OptiBiotix Health Plc 2. Accounting Policies (continued) Application date of Application date of Reference Title Summary standard Company IFRS 15 Revenue from Specifies how and when to recognise Periods commencing on 1 December 2018 contracts with revenue from contracts as well as or after 1 January 2018 customers requiring more informative and relevant disclosures IFRS 16 Lease IFRS 16 Leases published Periods commencing on 1 December 2019 or after 1 January 2019 IAS 40 Investment Amendment regarding the transfer Periods commencing on 1 December 2018 property of property or after 1 January 2018 The Directors anticipate that the adoption of these Standards and Interpretations in future periods will have no material impact on the ﬁnancial statements of the Group. Basis of consolidation The consolidated ﬁnancial statements incorporate the ﬁnancial statements of the company and entities controlled by the company (its subsidiaries) made up to 30th November each year. Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the ﬁnancial and operating policies of an investee entity so as to obtain beneﬁts from its activities. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income from the eﬀective date of acquisition or up to the eﬀective date of disposal, as appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the ﬁnancial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with those used by other members of the Group. All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation. Changes in the Group’s ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in the Group losing control over the subsidiaries are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Group’s interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reﬂect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries. Any diﬀerence between the amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognised directly in equity and attributed to owners of the company. When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, the proﬁt or loss on disposal is calculated as the diﬀerence between (i) the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. Where certain assets of the subsidiary are measured at revalued amounts or fair values and the related cumulative gain or loss has been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity, the amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity are accounted for as if the Company had directly disposed of the related assets (i.e. reclassiﬁed to proﬁt or loss or transferred directly to retained earnings). The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is regarded as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” or, when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a jointly controlled entity. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 34 2. Accounting Policies (continued) Business combinations Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Group in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognised in proﬁt or loss as incurred. At the acquisition date, the identiﬁable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their fair value at the acquisition date, except that: – – – deferred tax assets or liabilities and liabilities or assets related to employee beneﬁt arrangements are recognised and measured in accordance with IAS 12 Income Taxes and IAS 19 Employee Beneﬁts respectively; liabilities or equity instruments related to share-based payment transactions of the acquiree or the replacement of an acquiree’s share-based payment transactions with share-based payment transactions of the Group are measured in accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based Payment at the acquisition date; and assets (or disposal groups) that are classiﬁed as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations are measured in accordance with that standard. Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition- date amounts of the identiﬁable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after assessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identiﬁable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognised immediately in proﬁt or loss as a bargain purchase gain. Investments in associates Associates are those entities in which the Group has signiﬁcant inﬂuence, but not control or joint control over the ﬁnancial and operating policies. Signiﬁcant inﬂuence is presumed to exist when the Group holds between 20 and 50 percent of the voting power of another entity. Investments in associates are accounted for under the equity method and are recognised initially at cost. The cost of the investment includes transaction costs. The consolidated ﬁnancial statements include the Group’s share of proﬁt or loss and other comprehensive income of equity- accounted investees, after adjustments to align the accounting policies with those of the Group, from the date that signiﬁcant inﬂuence commences until the date that signiﬁcant inﬂuence ceases. When the Group’s share of losses exceeds its interest in an equity-accounted investee, the carrying amount of the investment, including any long-term interests that form part thereof, is reduced to zero, and the recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that the Group has an obligation or has made payments on behalf of the investee. Taxation Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. (i) Current tax Current taxes are based on the results shown in the ﬁnancial statements and are calculated according to local tax rules using tax rates enacted or substantially enacted by the statement of ﬁnancial position date. Income tax is recognised in the income statement or in equity if it relates to items that are recognised in the same or a diﬀerent period, directly in equity. 35 OptiBiotix Health Plc 2. Accounting Policies (continued) Current tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. (ii) Deferred tax Deferred tax is provided, using the liability method, on temporary diﬀerences at the statement of ﬁnancial position date between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for ﬁnancial reporting purposes. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary diﬀerences. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary diﬀerences, carry forward of unused tax assets and unused tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable proﬁt will be available against which the deductible temporary diﬀerenced, and the carrying forward or unused tax assets and unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that suﬃcient taxable proﬁt will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilised. Conversely, previously unrecognised deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that suﬃcient taxable proﬁt that suﬃcient taxable proﬁt will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Investments Investments in subsidiaries are held at cost less any impairment. Financial instruments Financial assets and ﬁnancial liabilities are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Inventory Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined using the ﬁrst-in, ﬁrst-out (FIFO) method. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less applicable variable selling expenses. Trade and other receivables Trade and other receivables are non-derivative ﬁnancial assets with ﬁxed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Subsequent to the initial recognition, trade and receivables and measured at amortised cost less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts, except where the receivables are interest-free loans made to related parties without any ﬁxed repayment terms or the eﬀect of discounting would be immaterial. In such cases, the receivables are stated at cost less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts. Impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts are measured as the diﬀerence between the carrying amount of ﬁnancial asset and the estimated future cash ﬂows, discounted where the eﬀect of discounting is material. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand and deposits held on call, together with other short term highly liquid investments which are not subject to signiﬁcant changes in value and have original maturities of less than three months. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 36 2. Accounting Policies (continued) Fair values The carrying amounts of the ﬁnancial assets and liabilities such as cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables of the company at the statement of ﬁnancial position date approximated their fair values, due to relatively short term nature of these ﬁnancial instruments. Trade and other payables Trade and other payables are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated in amortised cost, except where the payables are interest free loans made by related parties without any ﬁxed repayment terms or the eﬀect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost. Impairment of non-financial assets At each statement of ﬁnancial position date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its investments to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suﬀered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where the asset does not generate cash ﬂows that are independent from other assets, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. An intangible asset with an indeﬁnite useful life is tested for impairment annually and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash ﬂows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reﬂects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks speciﬁc to the asset for which the estimates of future cash ﬂows have not been adjusted. If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (cash- generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised as an expense immediately, unless the relevant asset is carried at a re-valued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised as income immediately, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase. Capital management Capital is made up of stated capital, premium and retained earnings. The objective of the Group’s capital management is to ensure that it maintains strong credit ratings and capital ratios. This will ensure that the business is correctly supported and shareholder value is maximised. The Group manages its capital structure through adjustments that are dependent on economic conditions. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may choose to change or amend dividend payments to shareholders or issue new share capital to shareholders. There were no changes to the objectives, policies or processes during the year ended 30 November 2018. Equity instruments Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new ordinary shares are deducted against share capital. 37 OptiBiotix Health Plc 2. Accounting Policies (continued) Share-based compensation The fair value of the employee and suppliers services received in exchange for the grant of the options is recognised as an expense. The total amount to be expensed over the vesting year is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted, excluding the impact of any non-market vesting conditions (for example, proﬁtability and sales growth targets). Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are expected to vest. At each statement of ﬁnancial position date, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest. It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in the income statement, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. The proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium when the options are exercised. The fair value of share-based payments recognised in the income statement is measured by use of the Black Scholes model, which takes into account conditions attached to the vesting and exercise of the equity instruments. The expected life used in the model is adjusted; based on management’s best estimate, for the eﬀects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. The share price volatility percentage factor used in the calculation is based on management’s best estimate of future share price behaviour and is selected based on past experience, future expectations and benchmarked against peer companies in the industry. Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less subsequent accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic beneﬁts associated with the item will ﬂow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to proﬁt or loss during the ﬁnancial period in which they are incurred. Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method to write oﬀ their cost over their estimated useful lives at the following annual rates: Computer equipment 30% Useful lives and depreciation method are reviewed and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic beneﬁts are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the diﬀerence between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant asset, and is recognised in proﬁt or loss in the year in which the asset is derecognised. Intangibles – Patents Separately acquired patents are shown at historical cost. Patents have a ﬁnite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation. Amortisation is calculated using the straight line method to allocate the cost of the patents over their estimated useful life of twenty years once the patents have been granted. Research and Development Research expenditure is written oﬀ to the statement of comprehensive income in the year in which it is incurred. Development expenditure is written oﬀ in the same way unless the Directors are satisﬁed as to the technical, commercial and ﬁnancial viability of individual projects. In this situation, the expenditure is deferred and amortised over the period during which the company is expected to beneﬁt. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 38 2. Accounting Policies (continued) Revenue recognition Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic beneﬁts will ﬂow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates and sales taxes or duty. Merger relief reserve The merger relief reserve arises from the 100% acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited whereby the excess of the fair value of the issued ordinary share capital issued over the nominal value of these shares is transferred to this reserve in accordance with section 612 of the Companies Act 2006. Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty The preparation of the ﬁnancial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions concerning the future that aﬀect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the ﬁnancial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The resulting accounting estimates will, by deﬁnition, diﬀer from the related actual results. • Share based payments • • The fair value of share based payments recognised in the income statement is measured by use of the Black Scholes model, which takes into account conditions attached to the vesting and exercise of the equity instruments. The expected life used in the model is adjusted; based on management’s best estimate, for the eﬀects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. The share price volatility percentage factor used in the calculation is based on management’s best estimate of future share price behaviour and is selected based on past experience, future expectations and benchmarked against peer companies in the industry. Amortisation Management have estimated that the useful life of the fair value of the patents acquired on the acquisition to be 20 years. Research and developments that have been capitalised in line with the recognition criteria of IAS38 have been estimated to have a useful economic life of 10 years. These estimates will be reviewed annually and revised if the useful life is deemed to be lower based on the trading business or any changes to patent law. Impairment Reviews IFRS requires management to undertake an annual test for impairment of indeﬁnite lived assets and, for ﬁnite lived assets to test for impairment if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment testing is an area involving management judgement, requiring assessment as to whether the carrying value of assets can be supported by the net present value of future cash ﬂows derived from such assets using cash ﬂow projections which have been discounted at an appropriate rate. In calculating the net present value of the future cash ﬂows, certain assumptions are required to be made in respect of highly uncertain matters. 3. Segmental Reporting In the opinion of the Directors, the Group has one class of business, being that of research and development. The Group’s primary reporting format is determined by the geographical segment according to the location of its establishments. There is currently only one geographic reporting segment, which is the UK. All costs are derived from the single segment. 39 OptiBiotix Health Plc 4. Employees and Directors Wages and salaries Director’s remuneration Director’s Fees Social security costs Pension costs The average monthly number of employees during the year was as follows: Directors Research and development Directors’ remuneration and fees Directors’ share based payments Bonus Pension Total emoluments Emoluments paid to the highest paid Director Included on total emoluments paid to Directors are capitalised wages of £221,703. Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ 23,274 576,228 41,083 79,319 54,385 774,289 141,185 463,965 70,500 58,456 36,360 770,446 Year ended 30 November 2018 No. Year ended 30 November 2017 No. 8 2 10 6 2 8 Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ 572,311 120,793 45,000 53,834 791,938 212,897 475,350 46,173 38,000 35,592 595,115 212,800 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 40 4. Employees and Directors (continued) Directors’ remuneration Details of emoluments received by Directors of the Group for the year ended 30 November 2018 are as follows: A Reynolds* S P O’Hara G Barker* M Christie R Davidson S Kolyda P Wennström* P Rehne C Wood Total Remuneration, Pension and fees £ Share based payments £ 5,083 212,897 18,000 5,603 50,417 87,187 18,000 144,054 129,904 671,145 – – 13,710 2,185 7,429 21,139 – 38,165 38,165 120,793 Total £ 5,083 212,897 31,710 7,788 57,846 108,326 18,000 182,219 168,069 791,938 *For disclosure in relation to Directors’ fees please refer to note 20. 5. Net Finance Income/(Costs) Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ 169 – 169 142 (6,154) (6,012) Finance Income: Bank Interest Finance Costs: Loan interest Net Finance Income/(Costs) 41 OptiBiotix Health Plc 6. Expenses – analysis by nature Research and development Directors’ fees & remuneration (Note 4) Wages and Salaries Staff training and recruitment Auditor remuneration – audit fees (Company only nil (2017: £16,000)) Auditor remuneration – non audit fees Brokers & Advisors Advertising & marketing Share based payments charge Depreciation on property, plant and equipment Amortisation of patents and development costs Patent and IP costs Consultancy fees Legal and professional fees Public Relations costs Travel costs Other expenses Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ 160,673 449,442 – – 50,984 2,309 86,414 48,201 128,222 2,187 139,721 88,003 146,559 26,563 152,082 120,541 248,502 302,392 513,350 141,185 57,678 34,000 2,300 71,360 73,728 56,932 6,998 112,969 129,043 202,838 130,729 43,860 79,400 285,407 Total administrative expenses 1,850,403 2,244,169 7. Income Tax Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ Corporation tax credit (120,000) Corporation tax credit prior year – Deferred tax movement 62,069 Overseas tax suffered 3,560 Total taxation (54,371) (183,951) (21,902) (22,594) – (228,447) Annual Report and Accounts 2018 42 7. Income Tax (continued) Analysis of tax expense No liability to UK corporation tax arose on ordinary activities for the year ended 30 November 2018 nor for the year ended 30 November 2017. Year ended 30 November 2018 £ Year ended 30 November 2017 £ Profit (Loss) on ordinary activities before income tax (1,946,950) 1,689,194 Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in UK of 19.33% (2017 – 19.33%) (376,345) Effects of: Disallowables Income not taxable R&D enhanced deductions Effect of research & development tax credit Capital allowances Amortisation Revenue items capitalised Overseas tax suffered Other timing differences Unused tax losses carried forward Tax credit 62,061 – (122,086) (120,000) 571 27,008 (90,395) 3,560 62,069 500,372 (54,371) 326,521 124,946 (793,300) (138,607) (205,854) – 843 (991) – (22,594) 480,589 (228,447) The Group has estimated losses of £1,646,423 (2017: £1,760,341) and estimated excess management expenses of £2,093,197 (2017: £2,091,815). The tax losses have resulted in a deferred tax asset at 19% of approximately £710,528 (2017: £732,676) which has not been recognized as it is uncertain whether future taxable proﬁts will be suﬃcient to utilise the losses. 2018 £ 183,952 120,000 303,952 2017 £ – 183,952 183,952 Current tax asset – Group Balance brought forward Research & development tax credit claimed Balance carried forward 43 OptiBiotix Health Plc 8. Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the earnings attributable shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Reconciliations are set out below: 2018 Basic and diluted EPS Basic EPS Diluted EPS Earnings £ (1,919,276) (1,919,276) Weighted average Number of shares No. Profit per-share Pence 82,233,690 (2.33)p 82,233,690 (2.33)p 2017 Basic EPS Diluted EPS Earnings £ 1,907,641 1,907,641 Weighted average Number of shares No. 78,586,791 87,831,953 Profit per-share Pence 2.43 2.17 As at 30 November 2018 there were 6,041,057 (2017: 7,845,237) outstanding share options and 1,045,524 (2017: 1,399,925) outstanding share warrants. As the Group was loss making in the year, the options and warrants are considered anti-dilutive. 9. Company’s result for the year The Company has elected to take the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present the parent Company income statement account. The loss for the parent Company for the year was £496,495 (2017: Proﬁt £3,360,503). Annual Report and Accounts 2018 44 Development Costs and Patents £ 2,421,582 43,382 (198,834) 2,266,130 467,639 (6,763) 2,727,006 225,936 112,968 338,904 139,721 (4,708) 473,917 2,253,089 1,927,226 10. Intangible assets Group Cost At 1 December 2016 Additions Disposals At 30 November 2017 Additions Disposals At 30 November 2018 Amortisation At 1 December 2016 Amortisation charge for the year At 30 November 2017 Amortisation charge for the year Eliminated on disposal At 30 November 2018 Carrying amount At 30 November 2018 At 30 November 2017 45 OptiBiotix Health Plc 11. Property, plant and equipment Cost At 30 November 2016 Additions At 30 November 2017 Additions Disposals At 30 November 2018 Depreciation At 30 November 2016 Charge for the year At 30 November 2017 Charge for the year Eliminated on disposal At 30 November 2018 Carrying amount At 30 November 2018 At 30 November 2017 12. Investments Group £ 13,615 1,804 15,419 2,954 (9,912) 8,461 1,860 6,998 8,858 2,187 (5,727) 5,318 3,143 6,561 Set out below is the associate of the Group as at 30 November 2018 which is material to the Group. The entity listed below have share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares, which are held by the Group. The country of incorporation is also the principal place of business and the proportion of ownership interest is the same as the proportion of voting rights held. Group: Investments in associate undertakings Cost At 30 November 2017 Share of Loss At 30 November 2018 Carrying amount At 30 November 2018 At 30 November 2017 £ 4,189,022 (448,223) 3,740,799 3,740,799 4,189,022 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 46 12. Investments (continued) As at 30 November 2018, the Group directly held the following associates: Country of incorporation Name of company Principal activities and place of business Proportion of equity interest 2018 SkinBioTherapeutics Plc Research & Development United Kingdom 41.9% of ordinary shares Company: Investments in subsidiary undertakings Cost At 30 November 2016 Additions Disposals At 30 November 2017 Additions Impairments Carrying amount At 30 November 2018 At 30 November 2017 £ 2,735,100 74,999 (660,100) 2,149,999 1,000 (99,999) 2,051,000 2,149,999 The additions are in respect of 100% of the share capital of ProBiotix Health Limited. As at 30 November 2018, the company directly held the following subsidiaries: Country of incorporation Name of company Principal activities and place of business Proportion of equity interest 2017 OptiBiotix Limited Research & Development United Kingdom 100% of ordinary shares The Healthy Weight Loss Health foods United Kingdom Company Limited 68% of ordinary shares ProBiotix Health Ltd Health foods United Kingdom 100% of ordinary shares Investments in associate At 30 November 2018 At 30 November 2017 Total Investment At 30 November 2018 At 30 November 2017 47 OptiBiotix Health Plc £ 4,483,300 4,483,300 6,534,300 6,633,299 13. Inventories Group Company 2018 2017 2018 £ £ £ Finished goods 30,433 8,890 – 2017 £ – 14. Trade and other Receivables Group Company 2018 2017 2018 £ £ £ 2017 £ Non-current Amounts owed by Group undertakings – – 4,242,286 – – 4,242,286 Current Accounts receivable 228,825 20,249 – Amounts owed by group undertakings – – – Other receivables 52,190 77,275 969 Prepayments and accrued income 92,788 8,598 8,283 373,803 106,122 9,242 – – – 2,645,210 73,992 7,658 2,726,860 15. Cash and Cash Equivalents Group Company 2018 2017 2018 £ £ £ 2017 £ Cash and bank balances 1,324,307 1,247,431 1,167,437 1,007,769 16. Called Up Share Capital Issued share capital comprises: Ordinary shares of 2p each – 84,724,413 (2017: 79,331,477) 2018 £ 1,694,488 1,694,488 2017 £ 1,586,628 1,586,628 Annual Report and Accounts 2018 48 16. Called Up Share Capital (continued) During the year the company issued the ordinary shares of £0.02 each listed below, exercised at a price of £0.08 per share in the capital of the company following the exercise of warrants: Total warrants exercised in the year Date issued 14/12/2017 30/01/2018 13/09/2018 Number 73 354,162 166 354,401 During the year the Company issued the ordinary shares of £0.02 each listed below, exercised at the following prices per share in the capital of the company following the exercise of share options: Total options exercised in the year Date issued 06/02/2018 19/06/2018 11/10/2018 Number 800,000 1,461,408 357,772 2,619,180 Price Per Share £0.08 £0.08 £0.20 During the year the Company issued new ordinary shares of £0.02 at the following price per share: Date issued 30/05/2018 Number 2,419,355 Price Per Share £0.62 The ordinary shares are non-redeemable and provide holders with one vote per share on a vote at a company meeting. They also provide one equal right per share in any ordinary dividend declared and one equal right per share in the distribution of any surplus due to the ordinary shareholders on a winding up. 17. Reserves Merger relief reserve arises from the 100% acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited on 5 August 2014 whereby the excess of the fair value of the issued ordinary share capital issued over the nominal value of these shares is transferred to this reserve in accordance with section 612 of the Companies Act 2006. Retained earnings represents the cumulative proﬁts and losses of the Group attributable to the owners of the Company. Share based payment reserve represents the cumulative amounts charged in respect of unsettled warrants and options issued. 49 OptiBiotix Health Plc 18. Trade and other payables Current: Group Company 2018 2017 2018 £ £ £ Accounts Payable 115,697 10,136 – Accrued expenses 207,103 210,965 30,000 Amount due to Director 189 189 – Other payables 198,000 18,105 – Amounts due to Group undertakings – – 199,000 Total trade and other payables 520,989 239,395 229,000 2017 £ – 56,407 – – – 56,407 19. Deferred Tax Deferred tax is provided, using the liability method, on temporary diﬀerences at the statement of ﬁnancial position date between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for ﬁnancial reporting purposes. Deferred tax is calculated in full on temporary diﬀerences under the liability method using a tax rate of 19% (2017: 20%). The movement on the deferred tax account is as shown below: At 30 November Movement in the year At 30 November 2018 £ 384,092 62,069 441,161 2017 £ 406,686 (22,594) 384,092 Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of tax losses and other temporary diﬀerences giving rise to deferred tax assets as the Directors believe there is uncertainty whether the assets are recoverable. 20. Related Party Disclosures During the year 30 November 2018 the Group was charged £5,083 (2017 – £35,500) by Reyco Limited, a company controlled by A Reynolds. £18,000 (2017 – £12,000) was paid to both G Barker and P Wennström in respect of Director’s services provided. During the year 30 November 2018 the Group was charged £36,167 (2017 – £35,000) for services provided by Morrison Kingsley Consultants Limited, a company controlled by Mark Collingbourne, Chief Financial Oﬃcer. 21. Ultimate Controlling Party No one shareholder has control of the company. 22. Share Based payment Transactions (i) Share options The Company had introduced a share option programme to grant share options as an incentive for employees of the former subsidiaries. Each share option converts into one ordinary share of the company on exercise. No amounts are paid or payable by the recipient on receipt of the option and the company has no legal obligation to repurchase or settle the options in cash. The options carry Annual Report and Accounts 2018 50 22. Share Based payment Transactions (continued) neither rights to dividends nor voting rights prior to the date on which the options are exercised. Options may be exercised at any time from the date of vesting to the date of expiry. Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows: Number of options Average exercise price 2018 2017 2018 No. No. £ 2017 £ Outstanding at the beginning of the period 7,845,237 10,345,237 0.17 Granted during the year 815,000 1,000,000 0.76 Forfeited/cancelled during the year – (666,667) – Exchanged for shares (2,619,180) (2,833,333) 0.10 Outstanding at the end of the period 6,041,057 7,845,237 0.17 0.11 0.70 0.27 0.10 0.17 For the share options issued in 2014 vesting conditions dictate that half will vest if the middle market quotation of an existing Ordinary share is 16p or more on each day during any period of at least 30 consecutive Dealing days and half will vest when a commercial contract is signed. The two conditions are not dependent on each other and will vest separately. For the share options issued in 2015 year vesting conditions dictate that some of the options will vest if the middle market quotation of an existing Ordinary share is 40p or more on each day during any period of at least 30 consecutive Dealing days, and some will vest if certain revenue targets are met or if certain scientiﬁc studies are completed. The conditions are not dependent on each other and will vest separately. For the share options issues in 2017 vesting conditions dictate that the options will vest if certain revenue conditions are met. For the share options issued in 2018 vesting conditions dictate that the options will vest if certain revenue conditions are met. The share options outstanding at the period end had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 2,146 days (2017 – 2,511 days) and the maximum term is 10 years. The fair values of the share options issued in the year were derived using the Black Scholes model. The following assumptions were used in the calculations: Grant date Exercise price Share price at grant date Risk-free rate Volatility Expected life Fair value Grant date Exercise price Share price at grant date Risk-free rate Volatility Expected life Fair value 51 OptiBiotix Health Plc 13/07/2018 73.00p 76.00p 0.25% 35% 10 years 25.00p 21/09/2018 95.00p 96.90p 0.25% 35% 10 years 34.00p 22. Share Based payment Transactions (continued) The share price per share at 30/11/2018 was £0.92 (30/11/2017: £0.69) Expected volatility is based on a best estimate for an AIM listed entity. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the eﬀects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. (ii) Warrants On 20 February 2014, an open oﬀer was made to the potential investors to subscribe for 203,380,942 new ordinary shares of £0.0001 each at £0.0001 each. On a 1:1 basis, warrants attach to any shares issued under the open oﬀer convertible at any time to 30 November 2018 at £0.0004 per shares. On 4 August 2014, the warrants in issue were consolidated in the ratio of 200:1 as part of the share reorganisation. At a meeting of warrant holders on 24 January 2017 it was agreed to extend the exercise period for all remaining warrants to 28 January 2022 and 19 February 2022. Movements in the number of share warrants outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows: Number of warrants Average exercise price 2018 2017 2018 No. No. £ 2017 £ Outstanding at the beginning of the period 1,399,925 1,983,709 0.08 Exchanged for shares (354,401) (583,784) 0.08 Outstanding at the end of the period 1,045,524 1,399,925 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 A charge of £128,222 (2017: £56,932) has been recognised during the year for the share based payments over the vesting period. 23. Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies The Group’s ﬁnancial instruments comprise cash balances and receivables and payables that arise directly from its operations. The main risks the Group faces are liquidity risk and capital risk. The Board regularly reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks. The Group’s policies for managing these risks are summarised below and have been applied throughout the period. The numerical disclosures exclude short-term debtors and their carrying amount is considered to be a reasonable approximation of their fair value. Interest risk The Group is not exposed to signiﬁcant interest rate risk as it has limited interest bearing liabilities at the year end. Credit risk The Group is not exposed to signiﬁcant credit risk as it did not make any credit sales during the year. Liquidity risk Liquidity risk is the risk that Group will encounter diﬃculty in meeting these obligations associated with ﬁnancial liabilities. The responsibility for liquidity risks management rest with the Board of Directors, which has established appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Group’s short term and long-term funding risks management requirements. During the period under review, the group has not utilised any borrowing facilities. Annual Report and Accounts 2018 52 23. Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies (continued) The group manages liquidity risks by maintaining adequate reserves and reserve borrowing facilities by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash ﬂows, and by matching the maturity proﬁles of ﬁnancial assets and liabilities. Capital risk The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and beneﬁts to other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 24. Post Balance Sheet Events On 24 January 2019 the Company issued and allotted 7,813 ordinary shares of 2 pence each exercised at a price of 8 pence per share in the capital of the Company following the exercise of warrants. ProBiotix Health Limited (“the subsidiary”) obtained loans totalling £198,000 during 2018, in respect of convertible loan notes that were issued on 11 December 2018. The issue was for a total of £1.025 million, of which £725,050 was for cash consideration. £250,000 was paid to OptiBiotix Health plc for assets transferred, and £50,000 were paid in lieu of commission costs. 53 OptiBiotix Health Plc optibiotix.com To find out more please contact OptiBiotix on: info@optibiotix.com OptiBiotix Health Plc | Innovation Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, YO10 5DG, UK. © 2018 OptiBiotix Health Plc. All rights reserved.

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