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OptiBiotix Health Plc

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FY2020 Annual Report · OptiBiotix Health Plc
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optibiotix.com

ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 

FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

Contents 

Company Information

Chairman’s Report

Chief Executive’s Report

Strategic Report

Directors’ Report

Report of the Independent Auditors

Consolidated Statement of  
Comprehensive Income

Consolidated Statement of  
Financial Position

Consolidated Statement of  
Changes in Equity

Consolidated Statement of  
Cash Flows

Notes to the Consolidated  
Statements of Cash Flows

2 

3 

5 

11 

16 

19 

25

26 

27 

28 

29

Company Statement of  
Financial Position

Company Statement of  
Changes in Equity

Company Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the Company  
Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to the Financial Statements

Notice of Annual General Meeting

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

57 

1

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Company Information 

Directors:                                                                                                 S P O’Hara  
                                                                                                                      R Davidson 
                                                                                                                      M Christie 
                                                                                                                      C Brinsmead 
                                                                                                                      S Hammond 
                                                                                                                      S Kolyda 

Secretary:                                                                                                 International Registrars Limited 

Registered number:                                                                             05880755 (England & Wales) 

Registered office:                                                                                  Innovation Centre 
                                                                                                                      Innovation Way 
                                                                                                                      York 
                                                                                                                      YO10 5DG 

Auditors:                                                                                                   Jeffreys Henry LLP 
                                                                                                                      Finsgate 
                                                                                                                      5-7 Cranwood Street 
                                                                                                                      London 
                                                                                                                      EC1V 9EE 

Nominated adviser:                                                                             Cairn Financial Advisers LLP 
                                                                                                                      Cheyne House 
                                                                                                                      Crown Court 
                                                                                                                      62-63 Cheapside 
                                                                                                                      London  
                                                                                                                      EC2V 6AX 

Brokers:                                                                                                    Cenkos Securities plc 
                                                                                                                      6-7-8 Tokenhouse Yard 
                                                                                                                      London 
                                                                                                                      EC2R 7AS 

Website Address:                                                                                  www.optibiotix.com

Annual Report and Accounts 2020  2

Chairman’s Report 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

I am pleased to report a further year 
of  solid  strategic,  commercial  and 
financial  progress.  The  Group  has 
achieved strong sales growth while 
reducing its already low-cost base, 
enabling  both  its  Probiotic  and 
Functional Fibre divisions to achieve 
as  planned.  The 
profitability 
successful commercialisation of our 
first-generation  products  with  a 
range of internationally recognised 
partners  confirms  the  effectiveness  and  scalability  of  our 
innovative, low risk business model, while our pipeline of exciting 
second-generation  products  gives  us  a  strong  base  to  deliver 
continuing growth in shareholder value. 

Results 

Group sales for the 12 months ended 31 December 2020 (prior period: 
13 months ended 31 December 2019) grew by 104% to £1,523,247 
(2019: £744,883) while other administrative expenses reduced by 27% 
to £1,616,069 (2019: £2,204,217). Despite the challenges presented by 
the global COVID-19 pandemic, both the Functional Fibres and Probiotic 
divisions achieved profitability at the EBITDA level, after losses in the 
prior 13 month period. 

The Company received an additional £746,751 during the year from the 
partial disposal of its holding in SkinBioTherapeutics plc (‘SBTX’), which 
is not included in the Group revenue figures. As a result of the change 
in  the  Company’s  shareholding  in  SBTX,  it  is  now  treated  as  an 
investment rather than an associate and the change in the value in the 
Company’s  shareholding  during  the  financial  year  will  in  future  be 
reflected in the Group accounts. The increase in the value of the SBTX 
holding of £7,120,962 during the year results in a Group net profit for 
the year of £5,801,867 (2019: net loss £2,368,362). 

The Group’s financial position remains strong, with total cash on the 
balance sheet at the year-end increasing by 90% to £864,680 (2019: 
£455,608).  Post  period,  the  Company  sold  £900,936  SBTX  shares  in 
March 2021 to further strengthen its balance sheet. 

Strategy 

is  a 

Optibiotix  Health 
life  sciences  business  founded  on  the 
development of prebiotic and probiotic compounds to tackle obesity, 
cardiovascular disease and diabetes: all conditions that are affecting 
growing numbers of people in all parts of the world. 

Our proven, low risk growth strategy is to secure deals with multiple 
partners – manufacturers, formulators and distributors – in multiple 
territories  around  the  world,  ensuring  that  we  retain  control  of  the 
complete  value  chain  for  all  the  compounds  we  develop,  and  can 
extract value for our shareholders at each stage. 

We have now established the scientific, clinical and commercial viability 
of our first-generation products (LPLDL® and SlimBiome® / WellBiome®) 
achieving strong sales growth with internationally recognised retail and 
pharmaceutical partners. As we anticipated, this growth in volumes has 
enabled us to renegotiate contracts with our partners so as to reduce 
the cost of goods and deliver improved divisional margins, as noted in 
the financial report. 

The  next  stage  of  our  strategy  will  focus  on  the  development  and 
commercialisation of our second-generation platforms, which include 
SweetBiotix®,  microbiome  modulators  to  tackle  a  range  of  human 
health conditions, and drug biotherapeutics. All of these offer significant 
potential for long term growth. 

Business development 

Among the many positive developments during the year, which the 
Chief Executive discusses more fully in his report, I would particularly 
like to highlight: 

•

•

•

Our  agreement  in  August  2020  with  Optipharm  and  product 
launch in October 2020 for the exclusive use of our OptiBiome® 
weight management ingredient in over 20 countries in its flagship 
Optislim  brand,  the  leading  weight  management  brand  in 
Australia. 

The agreement with a US partner for the large-scale manufacture 
and  commercialisation  of  a  number  of  SweetBiotix®  products 
announced on 15 September 2020. 

The USA FDA authorisation in October 2020 of an Investigational 
New Drug (‘IND’) trial by our partner Seed Health of a probiotic 
containing LPLDL®. 

Since the year-end, we have also achieved an important extension of 
our product range with Holland & Barrett, which has increased from 
three  to  eight  the  number  of  lines  in  its  own  SlimExpert  range 
containing SlimBiome® as announced on 17 March 2021. 

333

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Chairman’s Report (continued)

The Board 

Outlook 

We continue to evolve the Board to ensure that we have the right mix 
of  skills  to  lead  the  Group  through  the  next  stage  of  its  strategic 
development, and to this end we have announced the appointment of 
two non-executive directors since the beginning of the new financial 
year. 

Christopher Brinsmead CBE joined the Board as a non-executive director 
on 1 January 2021, bringing to us more than 30 years of experience in 
the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors as a senior executive and 
adviser, FTSE 350 company director and chairman. 

Stephen Hammond MP joined the Board as a non-executive director 
on  2  March  2021,  further  complementing  our  skillset  through  his 
experience  during  a  successful  career  in  fund  management  and 
investment  banking  prior  to  entering  Parliament  in  2005,  and  his 
subsequent senior roles in government. 

Peter Wennström retired as a non-executive director on 1 January 2021, 
with  our  thanks  for  his  contribution  to  the  development  of  the 
Company and particularly for his valuable advice on brand strategy and 
the positioning of our first-generation products in international markets; 
I am pleased that his expertise remains available to us as an adviser. 

René Kamminga joined as Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of OptiBiotix 
Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of OptiBiotix Health plc, on 6 April 2021. 
We are confident that his experience and track record of growing sales, 
and his network of new industry contacts within the pharmaceutical 
and nutraceutical industries, will help OptiBiotix in its next phase of 
development as we look to extend the range of applications for our 
award-winning  SlimBiome®  and  LPLDL® 
to 
commercialise  our  second  generation  SweetBiotix®,  microbiome 
modulating, and LPLDL® drug products. 

ingredients,  and 

Following René’s appointment, Dr Fred Narbel has moved to a more 
strategic  role  within  the  business  as  a  non-executive  director  of 
OptiBiotix Ltd. We are grateful to Fred for his contribution over the 
previous two years in building the sales of our first-generation products, 
expanding  our  network  of  production  partners  around  the  world, 
securing commercial launches of products containing SlimBiome® with 
retailers in numerous countries, and in setting up the Functional Fibres 
division’s quality system, and we look forward to his continued support 
in his new role. 

We have also strengthened our senior executive team below the main 
Board, as the Chief Executive reports below. 

We have made a strong start to the current year, continuing to expand 
sales  of  our  proven  first-generation  products  whilst  building  the 
scientific  and  clinical  evidence  base  needed  to  de-risk  our  highly 
innovative second-generation products and maximise their commercial 
potential in the future. Our new products open up significantly larger 
market opportunities, which we are well placed to exploit through an 
established,  low  overhead,  sustainable  business  model  that  has 
demonstrated its ability to deliver a rapid increase in scale. 

Already this year we have been able to report agreements and product 
launches that secure increased SlimBiome® sales in the UK, USA, Africa, 
India  and  wider  Asia;  the  extension  to  two  new  territories  in  our 
agreement with Actial Farmaceutical for the distribution of CholBiome® 
and CholBiome®x3; and success in long term stability studies that assure 
the shelf life of SlimBiome® Medical, CholBiome® and CholBiome®x3, 
which will allow OptiBiotix and its partners to place larger orders for 
these products, so reducing the cost of goods and increasing margins. 
Our manufacturing partner is making strong progress with the first 
industrial  scale  production  of  SweetBiotix®,  and  we  have  begun  to 
explore the full potential of LPLDL® as a drug biotherapeutic. 

Although  the  COVID-19  pandemic  has  presented  some  significant 
challenges  over  the  last  year  in  diverting  commercial,  medical  and 
governmental  attention  away  from  the  markets  we  address  and 
delaying decision-making by some partners, we are confident that the 
issues of obesity, high cholesterol and diabetes will remain key areas of 
concern  worldwide  in  the  years  ahead,  and  that  the  pandemic 
experience will drive increased interest in science-based products to 
address these challenges. 

The  strengthening  of  our  Board  and  senior  management  since  the 
beginning of the year give me confidence in our ability to continue to 
grow the business, and to deliver growing value for our shareholders in 
the longer term. 

N Davidson 
Chairman 

16 June 2021

Annual Report and Accounts 2019  4

Chief Executive’s Report 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

of 

OptiBiotix offers investors a unique 
opportunity  to  participate  in  the 
growth potential afforded by one the 
most progressive and exciting areas 
of  biotechnological  research:  the 
modulation 
human 
microbiome. The Company develops 
products 
innovative 
unique, 
protected  by  an  extensive  and 
growing  international  portfolio  of 
patents  and  trademarks.  Our  two-
stage  strategy  and  low-cost  business  model  are  designed  to 
maximise  the  earning  potential  of  each  of  our  products  while 
limiting our investors’ risk, achieving global access to fast-growing 
markets  by  working  with  a  range  of  local  partners  who  are 
recognised and respected as leaders in their fields. 

the 

STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT 

We are successfully progressing a two-stage strategy that is delivering 
as planned, with our first-generation products, LPLDL® and SlimBiome®, 
generating rapid revenue growth against a low and decreasing cost 
base enabling us to achieve profitability in our two principal Probiotic 
and  Functional  Fibre  divisions. This  was  a  substantive  change  from 
divisional losses of £467,704 for ProBiotix and £451,572 for the functional 
fibres division reported in 2019. The second stage of our strategy is 
delivering on the huge potential of our second-generation products: 
the  SweetBiotix®  family  of  functional  fibres  that  act  as  low  calorie, 
and  drug 
prebiotic 
biotherapeutics. These products carry higher development risks than 
our  first-generation  products  but  address  much  larger  market 
opportunities, affording very substantial potential for future growth in 
revenues and profits and shareholder value. 

sweeteners;  microbiome  modulators; 

During  2020  we  reached  a  turning  point  with  our  first-generation 
products gaining a commercial position and brand recognition in over 
120 countries. These products were designed with a low development 
risk with the aim of establishing the Company’s industry credibility, and 
testing our business model in the market. This has been achieved with 
the conclusion of multiple deals with large retail and pharmaceutical 
partners including Alfasigma, Agropur, Holland & Barret, and Optipharm, 
with  OptiBiotix  increasingly  being  identified  as  a  key  player  in  the 
microbiome  space  in  industry  reports.  Holland  and  Barrett  and 
AlfaSigma launched products in the first quarter of 2020 and Optipharm 
in the last quarter. Whilst retail agreements typically have lower margins, 
they enhance the credibility and consumer awareness of our products, 
and with it, confidence in our brand. 

The fact that our products are now increasingly becoming associated 
with internationally recognised retail and pharmaceutical partners and 

555

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

established brands creates a virtuous circle of further interest from other 
potential partners and markets. 

FINANCIAL RESULTS 

As  the  Chairman  has  noted,  Group  sales  for  the  12  months  ended 
31 December 2020 (prior period: 13 months ended 31 December 2019) 
more than doubled to £1,523,247 (2019: £744,883). This 104% increase 
in revenues would have placed OptiBiotix Health among the top ten 
growth companies in the UK during 2020 (The UK’s Top Ten Fastest 
Growing Companies Revealed, Forbes August 2020). 

Both our principal divisions contributed to this strong sales performance 
and transitioned to profitability during the year. 

The Functional Fibres division (SlimBiome®, OptiBiome® and WellBiome®) 
grew  sales  by  151%  to  £557,539  (2019:  £222,235)  despite  the 
challenging trading environment created by COVID-19, which limited 
our partners’ ability to innovate, formulate and launch new products 
during  the  year.  The  division  delivered  positive  EBITDA  of  £67,271, 
compared with an EBITDA loss of £451,572 in the previous period. 

The Probiotic division, our wholly owned subsidiary Probiotix Health Ltd 
(LPLDL®), increased sales by 107% to £821,126 (2019: £397,831), despite a 
number  of  customers  postponing  product  launches  or  temporarily 
shifting  their  focus  to  immune  health  products  in  response  to  the 
Coronavirus  pandemic.  The  division  generated  positive  EBITDA  of 
£88,762, compared with an EBITDA loss of £467,704 in 2019. 

Our smaller Consumer Health division, operating our own online store, 
grew sales by 17% to £137,024 (2019: £117,560 ) This business continues 
to  serve  as  a  valuable  shop  window  for  testing  new  products  with 
consumers, and has helped us to achieve successful product launches 
with partners including Holland & Barrett and Alfa Sigma. 

Group administrative expenses, excluding non-cash items such as share-
based payments and amortisation, reduced by 27% to £1,616,069 (2019: 
£2,204,217)  as  increased  sales  volumes  enabled  us  to  renegotiate 
contract  terms  with  our  commercial  partners  to  deliver  improved 
margins. 

As the Chairman has noted, the Group’s net profit includes the benefit 
of  a  substantial  increase  in  the  value  of  our  holding  in  SkinBio 
Therapeutics plc (‘SBTX”) during the year. SBTX is making strong progress 
towards commercialising its products and we believe that it will prove 
to an appreciating asset for our shareholders in the future. It is worth 
noting that our initial investment of approximately £700,000 in this 
business in 2016 has delivered an investment asset now worth circa 
£25m as at 1 June 2021. We are pleased that our strategy of developing 
divisions as separate legal entities with the potential for a trade sale or 
separate  public  listing  has  helped  create  such  a  valuable  asset  to 
OptiBiotix shareholders. 

 
Chief Executive’s Report (continued)

We will continue to consider other opportunities which capitalise on 
growing investor interest investment in the microbiome space in both 
the  UK  and  international  markets  where  they  provide  scope  for 
enhancing shareholder value. 

COMMERCIAL UPDATE 

We signed a total of 27 new commercial agreements during the year 
ended 31 December 2020: 18 for SlimBiome® and related products in 
the Functional Fibres division, and 9 for LPLDL® in ProBiotix Health. 

Of  note  were  deals  with  Holland  and  Barrett,  Optipharm,  and  US 
partners that open up retail opportunities in the UK, Australia, parts of 
Asia,  the  Middle  East,  and  North  America.  Announcing  such  deals 
increases industry awareness of OptiBiotix’s brands within the industry, 
and  changes  the  nature  of  partner  discussions  as  the  commercial 
benefits are established in more territories. Growing brand awareness 
increases the value of a product, and ultimately shareholder value, and 
is particularly important and valued by large corporates. This is in line 
with our strategic aim of growing the awareness of our ingredient and 
finished product brands around the world. Deals with Genuine Health 
(Canada/USA), Granja Pocha (Dairy: Uruguay) and Ayalla (Brazil), and at 
the end of the year, UITC (Singapore) support this approach and open 
up markets of strategic importance in the USA, South America, and Asia. 
Having  products  and  brand  presence  in  multiple  territories  is  really 
important for corporate partners or potential corporate acquirers as it 
shows our products have international reach and appeal to customers 
around the world, and are not restricted to national markets. This is a 
major value enhancer as not all products are able to cross international 
boundaries. 

LPLDL® 

Sales of LPLDL® as an ingredient or final product grew by 107% during 
the year. We have developed the science, carried out human studies to 
confirm product safety and efficacy, protected our commercial interests 
with a broad IP portfolio comprising some 30 patents, and built a supply 
chain of licensed partners to manufacture, formulate, and distribute this 
product  around  the  world. We  now  have  partners  commercialising 
LPLDL® in over 60 countries including the world’s largest probiotic market 
(USA: Seed Health) and second largest (Italy: AlfaSigma). The next stage 
of our strategy is to grow sales with existing partners, extend territories 
and applications, and continue to sign up new partners. In addition to 
growing  sales,  the  Company  is  renegotiating  contracts  as  volumes 
increase to reduce the cost of goods. The renegotiation of our contract 
with Sacco Srl from a profit sharing to a manufacture supply agreement 
where we buy from Sacco and then sell product to partners ourselves 
has significantly improved margins. 

Particularly  noteworthy  developments  during  the  year  were  the 
successful launch of AlfaSigma’s Ezimega 3 product and the commercial 
growth of Seed Health’s Daily Synbiotic. These achieved strong early 

growth despite the emerging COVID-19 pandemic which impacted on 
sales in the second half of the year. The signing of an agreement with 
Actial Farmaceutica Srl for the distribution of CholBiome® products was 
a significant commercial achievement and brought further credibility 
to the LPLDL® brand. Actial is the developer of one of the world’s best-
known probiotic brands - VSL#3® - and their products have a reputation 
for their strong science and clinical studies amongst hospital clinicians, 
GPs and pharmacists. 

The Company has now published six studies on LPLDL® in peer reviewed 
journals or as abstracts at international scientific conferences. These 
cover the safety and performance of LPLDL® in human studies, the three 
mechanisms of action by which LPLDL® reduces blood lipids, and LPLDL®’s 
antimicrobial activity against a wide range of clinically important human 
and/or  animal  pathogens 
including  Campylobacter,  Shigella, 
Salmonella,  E.coli  O157,  and  Clostridium  difficile. The  results  of  two 
published  independent  human  studies  in  different  countries  show 
significant reductions in both blood pressure and cholesterol and the 
product to be safe and well tolerated. 

Publications and presentations help to differentiate LPLDL® from products 
which  are  sold  solely  on  marketing  and  reduce  the  risk  of 
commoditisation and price erosion. 

LPLDL® has been determined as Generally Recognized As Safe (“GRAS”) 
by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has pharmaceutical 
GMP manufacture designation. This, together with the presence of a 
scientific  and  clinical  evidence  base,  gives  it  major  points  of 
differentiation from other probiotics. These designations increase the 
market attractiveness of LPLDL® to pharmaceutical partners either used 
by  itself,  or  as  combination  treatment  to  help  lower  the  dose  and 
potential side effects of statins. This extends its potential beyond the 
traditional supplement market into broader therapeutic opportunities 
within  pharmaceutical  consumer  health  businesses  or  as  a  drug 
biotherapeutic with pharmaceutical partners. 

SlimBiome® 

Sales of SlimBiome® as an ingredient or final product grew by 151% 
during the year. This was largely driven by partners in the UK, Australia 
and the USA launching new retail products, or building stock levels for 
the launch of products. Of particular note is the extension of SlimBiome® 
into everyday foods like muesli and porridge and the development of 
healthy  snacks  like  fruit  and  fibre  gummies  under  the  SnackSmart® 
brand. The launch of WellBiome® during the year reflects the growing 
interest  from  partners  in  a  science  backed  Health  and  Wellbeing 
microbiome  product  which  taps  into  a  global  trend  for  Health  & 
Wellness, a market estimated to be worth US$4.2 trillion in 2019 with 
the digestive health segment accounting for US$60 billion. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2019  6

Chief Executive’s Report (continued)

SweetBiotix® 

SweetBiotix® is a family of products based on the concept of creating a 
low calorie sweet fibre that has a low glycaemic index, which enhances 
the microbiome. The concept uses new science, new manufacturing 
processes, and represents a step change from existing products on the 
market or known to be under development. Our aim is to build a broad 
range of products suitable for a wide range of application areas which 
can meet the needs of multiple partners on applications as diverse as 
dairy, cereals, and hot and cold beverages. Each of these has to be 
assessed  in  terms  of  flavour  optimisation,  stability,  dosage,  safety, 
tolerance, health benefits, and the final product cost profile. 

The agreement signed with a US partner in the second half of 2020 
represented  a  significant  milestone  in  the  commercialisation  of 
SweetBiotix® products. The agreement, for one part of the SweetBiotix® 
portfolio, grants an exclusive licence in return for our partner making a 
significant investment to cover all the manufacturing, marketing and 
commercialisation costs. In return, we will receive upfront, annual and 
product launch royalties from our US partner, plus royalties on all future 
product sales. We have also negotiated enhanced royalty payments on 
sales  of  SweetBiotix®  products  by  our  partner  to  11  application  / 
innovation partners. 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 

There has been a rapid increase in the number of patents filed in the 
microbiome space in the last 10 years, and OptiBiotix and Probiotix 
Health  have  together  filed  numerous  patents  to  protect  their 
commercial interests and create first mover advantage in this evolving 
field. This is being supported by a large investment – typically of over 
£250,000 per year - in patents and trademarks to broaden protection in 
international markets 

Our Intellectual Property (‘IP’) strategy has been based on building a 
portfolio of overlapping patents to protect our commercial interests and 
reduce  the  risk  of  any  particular  patents  failing  to  grant  or  being 
opposed  by  a  competitor.  This  means  that  we  have  multiple 
composition, application, and process patents to protect each area of 
our business. Whilst this approach is more costly, it reduces our future 
commercial risk. As patents are granted in key territories (typically the 
US, Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, India) the Group has been able to 
refine its patent portfolio to reduce IP costs whilst continuing to protect 
its commercial interests. 

Our  strategy  and  investment  have  enabled  the  Group  to  build  an 
extensive and valuable intellectual property portfolio of some 70 patents 
worldwide. In addition to these patents, we have registered over 68 
trademarks to provide what is called ‘double IP’ – a combination of 
patents and supporting trademarks which allows OptiBiotix to build its 
trademarked brands supported by its patents. This approach further 

reduces risk and in combination creates a valuable IP portfolio in the 
microbiome field. 

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS 

During the period to date we have signed new agreements, launched 
new products, extended our agreements with existing partners and 
completed  successful  human  studies  on  the  effectiveness  of  our 
products, and the highlights of the year were as follows: 

New agreements 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Concluding an agreement with Optipharm, whose flagship brand 
Optislim is Australia’s leading weight management brand, for the 
exclusive use of our OptiBiome® weight management ingredient 
in over 20 countries including Australia, parts of Asia, New Zealand, 
Middle East, Gulf States and North America 

Signing a three-year distribution agreement with a subsidiary of 
Pierce  Group  Asia  granting  it  exclusive  rights  to  import  and 
commercialise  OptiBiotix’s  SlimBiome®  and  LPLDL®  and  to 
manufacture, develop, and sell a wide range of finished products 
to China and Hong Kong 

Granting  MAXCARE 
Inc  exclusive  rights  to  commercialise 
OptiBiotix’s  SlimBiome®  proprietary  weight  management 
technology in Taiwan 

The signature of a licensing agreement with Granja Pocha S.A. for 
the inclusion of ProBiotix’s patented probiotic strain LPLDL® into a 
functional yogurt product in Uruguay, South America 

Conclusion of a new licensing agreement with Velinoff Pharma Ltd 
for  the  distribution  of  ProBiotix’s  products  CholBiome®  and 
CholBiome®X3,  which  contain  OptiBiotix’s  patented  probiotic 
strain LPLDL®, in Bulgaria 

Reaching  a  one  year  exclusive  distribution  agreement  with 
Prosperous  Pharma,  based  in  Lebanon,  to  distribute  and 
commercialise  OptiBiotix’s  SlimBiome®  Medical  to  the  Gulf 
Cooperation Council States and the Levant region 

A non-exclusive distribution agreement with Actial Farmaceutica 
Srl  for  the  distribution  of  CholBiome®  and  CholBiome®X3  in 
Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and Thailand, under the VSL#3® 
range 

An exclusive agreement with a US company for the large-scale 
manufacture and commercialisation of a number of SweetBiotix® 
products  in  return  for  upfront,  milestone,  launch  and  royalty 
payments 

An  exclusive  distribution  agreement  granting  United  Italian 
Trading  Corporation  (Pte)  Ltd  exclusive  rights  to  distribute 
SlimBiome® Medical, CholBiome® and CholBiome®X3 in Singapore 

7

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Chief Executive’s Report (continued)

•

The grant of a non-exclusive LPLDL® license to Genuine Health Inc 
for a cardiovascular health product in Canada and the USA 

Product launches 

•

•

•

•

•

•

The launch of a branded SlimBiome® product range with Holland 
& Barrett, the first agreement with a major retailer to market our 
proprietary weight management technology 

The launch in Italy by ALFASIGMA S.p.A. of a food supplement 
containing our proprietary cholesterol reducing LPLDL® probiotic 
strain,  providing  an  entry  into  the  largest  and  fastest  growing 
probiotic market in Europe 

The  launch  of  SlimBiome®  in  the  North  American  market  by 
Agropur,  following  our  grant  to  them  in  2019  of  an  exclusive 
licence  to  manufacture,  supply  and  distribute  our  SlimBiome® 
weight management technology in the USA, Canada and Mexico 

The launch of SlimBiome® containing products in Walmart and 
Costco in the USA and Canada through US partners Smart For Life 
and Evolution 18 

The launch of WellBiome®, a patented supplement to improve gut 
health; this is a proprietary blend of prebiotic functional fibres, 
functional dietary fibres and minerals optimised to promote the 
diversity of the gut microbiome, and is an evolution of our proven 
SlimBiome® functional ingredient formulated to support weight 
loss and weight management 

The  launch  of  a  range  of  meal  replacement  shakes  and  bars 
containing  our  OptiBiome®  proprietary  weight  management 
technology  under  the  Optislim®  brand  with  Woolworths, 
ChemistWarehouse and on OptiPharm Pty Ltd’s online store in 
Australia and New Zealand in October 2020 

Extensions of product range or 
territories with existing partners 

•

•

•

Signing a new global manufacturing and supply agreement for 
LPLDL® with Sacco S.r.l., extending our existing agreement with 
them until 2023 and changing our original profit-sharing terms to 
allow us to benefit from lower prices for LPLDL® as sales increase 

Extension of the existing terms and territories for our partners CTC 
Group  and  Cambridge  Commodities  for  the  distribution  of 
SlimBiome®, SlimBiome® Medical and GoFigure® 

Extension  of  the  territories  with  Extensor  to  distribute  our 
GoFigure® consumer weight management products in Ukraine, 
Estonia,  Lithuania,  Latvia,  Kazakhstan,  Kyrgyzstan,  Tajikistan, 
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Belarus, 
Moldova and Russia 

•

•

•

Extension of our existing terms to include WellBiome® with Draco 
Ingredients  GmbH  in  Germany;  Agropur  MSI  LLC  in  the  USA, 
Canada and Mexico; Maxum Foods in Australia and New Zealand; 
and  CTC  Holdings  BV  in  the  Philippines,  Vietnam,  Indonesia, 
Colombia, the Dominican Republic and Guatemala 

Extension of the terms, territories, and products covered by our 
existing  distribution  with  CTC  Holding  BV  for  the  sale  of 
CholBiomeX3  to  include  LPLDL®  as  a  bulk  ingredient  and  three 
additional products: CholBiome, CholBiomeBP and CholBiomeVH,, 
and  to  extend  coverage  from  the  Philippines  to  include  non-
exclusive distribution rights for Vietnam, Indonesia, Colombia, the 
Dominican Republic and Guatemala 

Extending the terms of our original exclusive licence agreement 
for OptiBiome® with OptiPharm Pty Ltd. (“OptiPharm”) to include 
Europe in addition to Australia, parts of Asia, New Zealand, Middle 
East, Gulf States and North America 

New human studies 

•

Completion of a successful human study by ProBiotix Health, in 
partnership with Nutrilinea S.r.l., demonstrating that a new food 
supplement formulation containing LPLDL® can reduce high blood 
pressure (hypertension) 

New drug trial authorisation 

•

USA FDA authorisation of an Investigational New Drug (‘IND’) trial 
by our partner Seed Health of a probiotic containing LPLDL®, to 
investigate the role of the gut microbiome in patients with Irritable 
Bowel Syndrome 

MANAGEMENT 

There were no changes to the Group Board during the year, though as 
the Chairman has reported we have made a number of important new 
executive and non-executive appointments since the beginning of the 
new financial year. 

We have also made a number of senior appointments below the level 
of the main Board. In January 2021 Aneta Zlotokowska joined us from 
Tesco as Head of Quality & Operations, with a remit to ensure that we 
meet the quality and regulatory requirements of our growing network 
of corporate and retail partners around the world. Dr Taru Jain joined us 
in March 2021 to focus on business development and sales growth in 
the strategically important Indian and Asian markets, and Christopher 
Nother joined us in January 2021 on a 6 month part-time consultancy 
basis to explore the potential for LPLDL®, in pharmaceutical markets as a 
live biotherapeutic or consumer health product. The Company now has 
more opportunities, with an increasing number of larger partners, than 
it is able to meet within its existing capacity and will continue to evolve 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 8

Chief Executive’s Report (continued)

the  team  to  fully  exploit  the  opportunity  within  the  window  of 
opportunity. 

As noted in the interim report, Steve Prescott left his position as CEO of 
ProBiotix Health Ltd by mutual agreement at the end of May 2020, since 
when I have acted as CEO of the division with the support of Mikkel 
Hvid-Hansen in the expanded role of Commercial Director. 

OUTLOOK 

Our two-stage strategy is delivering as planned, with our first-generation 
products,  LPLDL®  and  SlimBiome®,  generating  revenue  growth  and 
profitability in our two principal divisions. The company is now in the 
strongest  position  it  has  ever  been  in  with  an  exciting  technology 
pipeline,  broad  intellectual  property  portfolio  in  the  microbiome,  a 
number of clinical studies showing product safety and efficacy, growing 
international brand presence, strong sales, forward orders, and balance 
sheet. This provides the base of a sustainable business on which to grow 
the business. 

The second stage of our strategy is delivering on the huge potential of 
our second-generation products: the SweetBiotix® family of functional 
fibres  that  act  as  low  calorie,  prebiotic  sweeteners;  microbiome 
modulators; and drug biotherapeutics. 

We have continued to make strong progress since the beginning of the 
current financial year with strong sales growth and with larger order 
sizes  as  existing  partners  extend  their  product  range.  Significant 
developments in the year to date include: 

•

•

•

•

•

The extension of Holland & Barrett (“H&B”)’s range of their own 
brand SlimExpert products containing SlimBiome® from three to 
eight, including meal replacement and porridge lines, as direct 
result  of  H&B  tasting  and  testing  our  own  finished  product 
applications sold through our online store 

The  launch  of  SlimBiome®  and  OptiBiome®  products  in  Asia, 
through partners in Thailand, Taiwan and Singapore expected to 
contribute  revenues  in  the  current  financial  year  and  act  as  a 
stepping stone to the larger China market 

ProBiotix  Health  Ltd,  entered  a  deal  for  LPLDL®  with  Compson 
Biotechnology  Inc.  in  Taiwan,  one  of  the  largest  distribution 
platforms in South East Asia 

The signing of a new agreements with Dipromed for the sale of 
SlimBiome® Medical and CholBiome® products in Morocco and 
Algeria 

Expansion  of  SlimBiome®  sales  in  India  through  extension  of 
Anthem Biosciences’ Metalite Pro product range and the launch 
of the ZeoSlim range of meal replacements by Zeon Lifesciences. 
This is a country of strategic importance to our growth plans and 
we anticipate reporting further news in this region 

•

•

•

•

The launch of Dietworks Appetite control gummies containing 
SlimBiome® in the USA through online and retail channels across 
the  USA  opening  up  another  point  of  access  to  the  large  US 
market 

Extension of territories with Actial Farmaceutica Srl to distribute 
CholBiome® and CholBiome®X3 under the VSL#Cardio® range to 
France  and  Malaysia  in  addition  to  their  existing  territories  of 
Australia,  New  Zealand,  Indonesia  and  Thailand,  with  further 
territory extensions and product launches expected in the course 
of the current year 

Good progress by our SweetBiotix® manufacturing partner in the 
production of products on an industrial scale, paralleled by the 
release of a number of independent peer-reviewed publications 

Exploration of the potential to use LPLDL® in the pharmaceutical 
sector  as  either  an  ‘over  the  counter’  product  or  a  drug 
biotherapeutic in markets outside the USA. We hope to be shortly 
publishing placebo-controlled human studies which demonstrate 
show that LPLDL® can achieve similar reductions in total cholesterol 
and LDL (bad cholesterol) to statins, without any side effects 

Investor and consumer interest in the human microbiome continues to 
grow,  presenting  us  with  a  market  opportunity  that  is  large  and 
expanding. OptiBiotix is ideally placed to exploit this opportunity, with 
the Company having first generation products which have won multiple 
awards, published studies in peer reviewed journals, granted patents, 
doubling sales, and a number of partners increasing both their product 
range and territorial reach. We are seeing a growing number of deals in 
Asia as we build brand awareness and product reputation in countries 
like Taiwan and Singapore to help open up opportunities for the larger 
Asia markets. We believe that each of these first generation products 
have  the  potential  for  £10-20m  sales  per  annum  which  on  a  10X 
multiple would value each of these businesses at £100m to £200m each. 

Our  exciting  second-generation  SweetBiotix®  products  offer  huge 
potential as healthy alternatives to sugar and sweeteners whilst our 
microbiome modulators create the potential to precision engineer the 
microbiome to positively impact specific human health conditions. We 
are  pleased  to  see  our  SweetBiotix®  manufacturing  partner  making 
strong progress scaling up these exciting products to industrial scale. 
Our  partner  agreed  to  make  a  six-figure  payment  on  signing  the 
agreement and at 12 monthly intervals until product launch when they 
will pay royalties on sales. This is unusual in the food and beverage 
industry and highlights the value our partner places on this product. We 
are  also  pleased  to  note  that  Seed  Health,  has  received  FDA 
Investigational New Drug (IND) approval to undertake a human clinical 
trial with its multi-species probiotic product containing OptiBiotix’s LPLDL 
in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. This has the potential to be a 
significant  value  enhancing  step  if  this  study  is  successful  and  the 
product is approved as a drug. OptiBiotix has also made significant 

9

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Chief Executive’s Report (continued)

progress with its microbiome modulators with early data suggesting we 
have an approach which allows us to manufacture these at scale. If 
confirmed, this is a major step forward in the commercialisation process 
and when reported should enhance the commercial appeal of these 
products to corporate partners. 

The  strong  growth  in  our  revenues,  the  achievement  of  divisional 
profitability,  the  continuing  flow  of  new  agreements  and  product 
launches,  the  strength  of  our  development  pipeline,  and  the 
strengthening of our Board and senior executive team allow me to look 
forward with confidence to the further progress of the Company in the 
current year and beyond. 

Stephen O’Hara 
Chief Executive 

16 June 2021 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 10

Strategic Report 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Review Of Business 

Financial And Capital Risk Management 

The directors constantly monitor the financial risks and uncertainties 
facing the Group with particular reference to the exposure of credit risk 
and liquidity risk. They are confident that suitable policies are in place 
and that all material financial risks have been considered. The financial 
risk management objectives and policies can be found within note 24 
of the financial statements. 

The Board’s objective is to maintain a balance sheet that is both efficient 
and delivers long term shareholder value. The Group had cash balances 
of £864,680 as at 31 December 2020 and had no short-term borrowings. 
The Board continues to monitor the balance sheet to ensure it has an 
adequate capital structure. 

A review of the business of the Group, together with comments on 
future developments is given in the Chairman’s and Chief Executive’s 
Statements on pages 3 to 10.  

Principal Risks And Uncertainties Facing 
The Group 

Technology and products 
The Group is involved in the discovery and development of microbiome 
modulation products. The development and commercialisation of its 
intellectual property and future products will require human nutritional 
studies and there is a risk that products may not perform as expected. 
This 
for 
human consumption. 

to  all  new  products  developed 

is  common 

risk 

Technologies  used  within  the  food,  beverage  and  healthcare 
marketplace are constantly evolving and improving. There is a risk that 
the Group’s products may become outdated or their commercial value 
decrease as improvements in technology are made and competitors 
launch competing products. To mitigate this risk the Group is working 
with industry key opinion leaders, will attend international conferences 
and intends to develop a research and development department which 
will keep up with the latest developments in the industry. 

Intellectual Property 
The Group is focused on protecting its IP and seeking to avoid infringing 
on third parties’ IP. To protect its products, the Group is building and 
securing patents to protect its key products. However, there remains the 
risk that the Group may face opposition from third parties to patents 
that  it  seeks  to  have  granted  and  that  the  outstanding  patent 
applications  are  not  granted.  The  Group  engages  legal  advisers  to 
mitigate the risk of patent infringement and to assist with the protection 
of the Group’s IP.

11

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Strategic Report (continued)

Principal Risks And Uncertainties 

Market Risks

Impact

Mitigation 

Brexit 

New regulations could add complexity and delays 
to operations. 

The  current  consensus  is  that  Brexit  will  not  affect  the 
regulations that are relevant to our business. 

Currency  fluctuations  could  increase  costs  and 
affect profitability.

Currency fluctuations will impact both sales and costs. Our 
initial product offering is not price-sensitive. Substantial cost 
increases will be passed on.

COVID-19 

The global implications of the economic impact 
of COVID-19 could affect sales and profitability.

Although  COVID-19  has  affected  some  parts  of  the 
consumer business. The majority of sales are in the business 
to business sector across many countries so the impact is 
very limited.

Technology 

The Group’s platform is currently unique. Rapid 
technological  advances  could  see  competitor 
products being launched.

The  Group  has  product  development  plans  in  place  for 
improved technology as well as for a wider product portfolio 
that includes additional innovative solutions for the targeted 
consumer groups.

Operational Risks

Impact

Mitigation 

Loss of key personnel 

Material adverse impact on the Group’s financial 
condition and prospects.

Competitive  remuneration  packages,  nil  cost  options  to 
reduce market volatility.

Technology 

The  Group  is  launching  products  that  are  not 
already available in the consumer market.

The Group has responded to consumer demand.

Commercialisation 

The  Group  is  making  the  transition  from  a 
research-based organisation to a full commercial 
organisation. Manufacturing set-up and learning 
curve could delay sales or could impact our rate 
of growth.

The  Group  recruited  experienced  management  and 
consultants to manage the process and negotiate contracts.

Cyber attacks 

Cyber-attacks could delay or impair operations as 
which would have financial implications. 

Training,  anti-virus  software,  all  users  have 
multifactor  authorisation  for  accounts,  weekly 
review of attempts.

Financial Risks

Impact

Mitigation 

Future funding  
requirements 

Our current funding covers current requirements. 
Potential as yet unidentified opportunities may 
not be pursued with the existing funding.

Management  will  analyse  major  opportunities 
and  present  them  in  additional  business  cases 
when warranted.

Legal Risks

Intellectual  
Property  
litigation 

Impact

Mitigation 

Any claim brought against us would detract the 
Company from its business.

The Group engages with IP specialists to ensure 
we have a strong position. To our knowledge we 
do not infringe on any patents.

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report (continued)

Key Performance Indicators 
Financial 

Year to 
31 December
2020
£’000

Restated 
Period to  
30 November  
2019 
£’000 

Financial

Revenue
Operating Loss
Profit/(Loss) for the period
Cash as at 31 December 2020

1,523
745 
(1,111)                (2,167) 
5,802                 (2,368) 
456 

865

During the period to 31 December 2020 the company has achieved a 
number of key objectives to build shareholder value, these are laid out 
in the CEO report on pages 5 to 10. 

Non-financial 

The Board recognises the importance of KPI’s in driving appropriate 
behaviour  and  enabling  of  Group  performance.  For  the  year  to  31 
December 2020 the primary KPI’s were the completion of commercial 
agreements and the expansion of the Optibiotic® platform. The Group 
intends to review the following non-financial KPI’s going forward: 

1. Customer relationships 

2.

IP and trademark registrations 

3. Service quality and brand awareness 

Corporate Responsibility 

The  Board  takes  regular  account  of  the  significance  of  social, 
environmental  and  ethical  matters  affecting  the  Group  wherever  it 
operates. It has developed a specific set of policies on corporate social 
responsibility, which seek to protect the interests of all of its stakeholders 
through ethical and transparent actions and include an anti-corruption 
policy and code of conduct. 

Corporate Governance: 

The Group is committed to high standards of corporate governance and 
seeks to continually evaluate its policies, procedures and structures to 
ensure that they are fit for purpose.  

In  order  to  protect  the  interests  of  its  shareholders  and  other 
stakeholders the Board has chosen to adopt the Quoted Companies 
Alliance  (QCA)  Corporate  Governance  Code  for  Small  and  mid-size 
Quoted  Companies  (the “QCA  Code”),  and  the  Directors  are  always 
prepared, where practicable, to enter into dialogue with all such parties 
to promote a mutual understanding of objectives. 

By complying with this code the Company ensured compliance with 
the  new  AIM  Rules  regarding  Corporate  Governance  introduced 
April 2018.  

Full details of the Company's policy on Corporate Governance can be 
found on the website under: 

https://www.optibiotix-ir.com/content/investors/corporate-governance 

4. Attraction, motivation and retention of employees 

Composition of the Board of Directors 

The Board of Directors is currently comprised of the Chairman, Chief 
Executive Officer, the Managing Director Prebiotix division, the Research 
and development Director, CEO Probiotix Health Limited an and the 
three Non-Executive Directors. 

Role of the Board: 

The role of the Board is to agree the Group’s long-term strategy and 
direction and to monitor achievement of its business objectives. The 
Board meets several times per annum, either by teleconference or in 
person. Furthermore, it holds additional meetings as are necessary to 
transact ongoing business. 

Dividends 

No dividends can be distributed for the year to 31 December 2020. 

Future Developments 

The Chairman’s and Chief Executive Statement on pages 3 to 10 gives 
information on the future outlook of the Group. 

Corporate Governance 

Executive Management: 

The Group’s current executive team comprises: 

S O’Hara                     Executive  Director  and  CEO;  with  overall 

responsibility for all Group activities. 

Dr S Kolyda               Executive Director – Research and Development 

Director 

M Havid-Hansen      Executive Director – Probiotix Health Limited 

13

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Strategic Report (continued)

Board Committees: 

Remuneration Committee 

The  Remuneration  Committee  is  made  up  of  Chris  Brinsmead,  as 
Chairman  with  Neil  Davidson  and  Sean  Christie  and  has  access  to 
external expertise should that be required. This committee is responsible 
for the scale and structure of the remuneration of the Chief Executive, 
the  Executive  Directors  and  reports  to  the  Chief  Executive.  The 
recommendations of the committee must be approved by the Board 
of  Directors.  No  director  or  manager  shall  be  involved  in  decisions 
relating to his/her own remuneration. 

AIM Rules Compliance Committee 

The AIM Rules Compliance Committee is chaired by Neil Davidson. This 
committee  is  charged  with  ensuring  that  the  Group  has  sufficient 
procedures, resources and controls in place to ensure compliance with 
the AIM rules for companies. Among other things, the committee shall 
ensure  that  an  Executive  Director  is  at  all  times  able  to  respond  to 
requests  for  information  from  the  Nominated  Adviser  and  that  all 
Directors and employees are aware of their obligations with regards to 
the disclosure of any trading in the Group’s shares. 

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee, is chaired by Sean Christie with Neil Davidson and 
Chris Brinsmead. This committee is required to monitor the integrity of 
the financial statements of the Group, including the interim and annual 
reports. The committee also reviews financial returns to regulators and 
any  financial  information  contained  in  announcements  of  a  price 
sensitive  nature.  The  committee  shall  also  consider  and  make 
recommendations  to  the  Board  regarding  resolutions  to  be  put  to 
shareholders for approval at the Annual General Meeting, with respect 
to the appointment or re-appointment of the Group’s external auditors. 
The  Audit  Committee,  together  with  the  external  auditors,  are 
responsible for determining the scope of the annual audit. 

Nomination Committee 

The Company does not currently have a nomination committee as the 
Board does not consider it appropriate to establish such a committee 
at this stage of the Company's development. Decisions which would 
usually be taken by the nomination committee will be taken by the 
Board as a whole. 

Employees 

The Group engages its employees in all aspects of the business and 
seeks  to  remunerate  them  fairly.  The  Group  gives  full  and  fair 
consideration to applications for employment regardless of age, gender, 
colour,  ethnicity,  disability,  nationality,  religious  beliefs  or  sexual 
orientation. The Board takes employees’ interest into account when 
making decisions. Any suggestions from employees aimed at improving 
the Group’s performance are welcomed. 

Suppliers and Contractors 

The Group recognises that the goodwill of its contractors, consultants 
and suppliers is crucial to the success of its business, and seeks to build 
and  maintain  this  goodwill  through  fair  and  transparent  business 
practices. The Group aims to settle genuine liabilities in accordance with 
contractual obligations. 

Health and Safety 

The  Board  recognises  that  it  has  a  responsibility  to  provide  strategic 
leadership and direction in the development and maintenance of the 
Group’s health and safety strategy, in order to protect all of its stakeholders. 

Section 172 Statement 

Under s172 of the Companies Act 2006 the Directors have a duty to act 
in good faith in a way that is most likely to promote the success of the 
Company for the benefit of its members as a whole, having regard to 
the likely consequences of decisions for the long term, the interests of 
the Company’s employees, the need to foster relationships with other 
key stakeholders, the impact on the community and the environment, 
maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct, and 
the need to act fairly as between members of the Company.  

Key decisions made by the Board during 2020 were related primarily 
to  establishing  the  Groups  first  generation  products  commercially 
around the world as well as ensuring the Group had sufficient cash 
runway to meet any slowdown associated with the pandemic. At the 
year end the Group is now selling products in 120 countries and have 
established several agreements with large retail and pharmaceutical 
companies as outlined in the CEO’s report. During the year, the Group 
augmented the cash balance by raising £746,751 via the partial disposal 
of it’s holdings in SkinBioTherapeutics plc. 

Employee engagement  

As a very small company in terms of staff, Board members have multiple 
points  of  contact  with  staff;  through  Board  meeting  feedback, 
participation in regular management meetings involving all staff, and 
ad hoc interactions in relation to specific matters. These forums provide 
staff with an opportunity to give their views which can then be taken 
into account in making decisions likely to affect their interests. Specific 
matters of concern to them as employees are dealt with in management 
meetings  and  by  email.  Corporate  developments  and  Company 
performance are discussed in regular management meetings. All staff 
are eligible for the Group’s share option scheme and this encourages 
involvement in the Company’s performance.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 14

Strategic Report (continued)

Stakeholder Engagement  

The Group has a small number of major suppliers and distributors that 
support its delivery of strategy and corporate goals. The selection of, 
relationships with, and execution of, contracted work by these parties 
is considered regularly by the Executive Directors and at each Board 
meeting by all Directors.  

  Shareholder Engagement 

Due  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  face-to-face  engagement  with 
shareholders during the year was strictly limited. However, the Directors 
continued to engage with shareholders via regular regulatory news 
announcements as well as interactive investor meetings in order to keep 
them up to date on progress. 

Environmental and Community Impact 

There was no adverse impact on the community or environment from 
the decisions made by the Board during the year. 

On Behalf Of The Board 

S P O’Hara 
16 June 2021

15

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Directors’ Report 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements 
of the group for the year to 31 December 2020. 

Principal Activity 

The principal activity of the group is that of identifying and developing 
microbial  strains,  compounds  and  formulations  for  use  in  food 
ingredients, supplements and active compounds that can impact on 
human physiology, deriving potential health benefits. 

Directors 

The directors who served the company during the year and up to the 
date of this report were as follows: 

Non-executive Directors 
P Wennstrom (Resigned 1 January 2021) 
R Davidson (Independent Director) 
M Christie(Independent Director) 
C Brinsmead (Independent Director, Appointed 1 January 2021) 
S Hammond (Independent Director, Appointed 2 March 2021) 

Directors’ Remuneration 
The directors are entitled to receive relevant fees, as detailed in the 
directors’ remuneration in Note 4. 

Directors and their interests 
The directors of the Group held the following beneficial interests in the 
shares and share options of Optibiotix at the date of this report: 

Executive Directors 
S P O’Hara  
S Kolyda 
F Narbel (Resigned 26 May 2021) 

Issued Share Capital

Share Warrants

Share Options 

Ordinary
shares of
£0.02 each

10,103,031
503,000
150,000
–
–
–
–

Percentage
Held 

Ordinary
shares of 
£0.02 each

Warrant
exercise
price

Ordinary
shares of 
£0.02 each

Option 
exercise 
price 

11.61%
0.54%
0.14%
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

6,099,135
385,000
100,000
165,000
358,722
–
–

£0.08 
£0.73 
£0.95 
£0.73 
£0.20 
– 
– 

S P O’Hara
R Davidson
M Christie
S Kolyda
S Kolyda
C Brinsmead
S Hammond

The share options held by S P O’Hara were granted on 17 September 2016 and are exercisable at £0.08 at any time up 16 September 2024, subject 
to vesting conditions. 

The  share  options  held  by  R  Davidson  were  granted  on  13  July  2018  and  are  exercisable  at  £0.73  at  any  time  up  13  July  2024,  subject  to 
vesting conditions. 

The share options held by M Christie were granted on 21 September 2018 and are exercisable at £0.95 at any time up 21 September 2028, subject 
to vesting conditions. 

The 358,772 share options held by S Kolyda were granted on 10 March 2015 and are exercisable at £0.20 at any time up 10 March 2025, subject to 
vesting conditions. 

The 165,000 share options held by S Kolyda were granted on 13 September 2018 and are exercisable at £0.73 at any time up 13 September 2019, 
subject to vesting conditions.

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 16

Directors’ Report (continued)

Substantial Shareholdings 

Substantial shareholdings include directors as at 11 June 2021 were as 
follows: 

After making enquiries, the directors have a reasonable expectation that 
the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence 
for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt a going 
concern basis in preparing the annual report and financial statements. 

Statement Of Directors’ Responsibilities 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ Report and the 
financial statements in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. 

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for 
each financial period. Under that law the directors have, as required by 
the AIM Rules for Companies of the London Stock Exchange, elected to 
prepare financial statements in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted for use in the European Union. 
Under  company  law  the  Directors  must  not  approve  the  financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view 
of the state of affairs of the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group 
for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are 
required to: 

•      select 

suitable 
them consistently. 

accounting  policies 

and 

then 

apply 

•      make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent. 

•      state whether the Group and parent company financial statements 
have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the 
European Union, subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the financial statements; and 

•      prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis, unless 
it  is  inappropriate  to  presume  that  the  Company  will  continue 
in business. 

The Directors confirm that the financial statements comply with the 
above requirements. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records 
that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s transactions and 
disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of 
the Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements 
comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Stephen O’Hara
Finance Yorkshire Seedcorn LP

% of shares issued 
11.6% 
10.7% 

The share price per share at 31/12/2020 was £0.58 (31/12/2019: 
£0.66) 

Financial Instruments 

The Group’s exposure to financial risk is set out in note 24 to the financial 
statements. 

Research And Development 

The Chairman’s and Chief Executive Statement on pages 3-11 gives 
information on the Group’s research and development activities. 

Events After The Reporting Period 

Refer to Note 25 to the financial statements for further details. 

Publication Of Accounts On Group 
Website 

Financial  statements  are  published  on  the  Group’s  website.  The 
maintenance and integrity of the website is the responsibility of the 
Directors. The  Directors’  responsibilities  also  extend  to  the  financial 
statements contained therein. 

Going Concern 

The financial statements have been prepared on the assumption that 
the Group is a going concern. When assessing the foreseeable future, 
the Directors have looked at the budget for the next 12 months from 
the  date  of  this  report,  the  cash  at  bank  available  as  at  the  date  of 
approval of this report and are satisfied that the Group should be able 
to cover its quoted maintenance cost, other administrative expenses, as 
well as its ongoing research and development expenditure. 

Management  have  considered  its  forecast  of  the  group’s  cash 
requirements reflecting contracted and anticipated future revenue and 
the resulting net cash outflows. Management have not seen a material 
disruption to the business as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak, however 
events are being kept under constant review, and remedial action will 
be taken if the situation demands it.  

17
17 OptiBiotix Health Plc 
OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
Directors’ Report (continued)

Statement As To Disclosure Of 
Information To Auditors 

So far as the Directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information 
(as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the 
Group’s auditor is unaware, and each Director has taken all the steps that 
he ought to have taken as a Director in order to make himself aware of 
any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group’s auditor 
is aware of the information. 

Auditor 

Jeffreys Henry LLP will be proposed for re-appointment as auditors at 
the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. 

Strategic Report 

In accordance with section 414C(11) of the Companies Act 2006 the 
Group  chooses  to  report  the  future  outlook  and  the  risks  and 
uncertainties faced by the Group in the Strategic Report on page 11. 

On Behalf Of The Board 

S P O’Hara 
16 June 2021

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 18

 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of 
OptiBiotix Health Plc 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of OptiBiotix Health Plc (the 
‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 
31  December  2020  which  comprise  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income, consolidated statement of financial position, 
consolidated statement of changes in equity, consolidated statement 
of  cash  flows,  company  statement  of  financial  position,  company 
statement of changes in equity, company statement of cash flows and 
notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant 
accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied  in  the  preparation  of  the  Group  financial  statements  is 
applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) 
as adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting framework 
that  has  been  applied  in  the  preparation  of  the  parent  company 
financial  statements  is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  as 
applied in accordance with the provision of the Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion: 

•      the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the 
Group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 2020 
and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended;  

•      the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in 

accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union;  

•      the  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  properly 
prepared in accordance with IFRS’s as adopted by the European 
Union  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies Act 2006; and  

•      the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the 

requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on 
Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under 
those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for 
the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are 
independent  of  the  company  in  accordance  with  the  ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements 
in  the  UK,  including  the  FRC’s  Ethical  Standard  as  applied  to  listed 
entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical  responsibilities  in 
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence 
we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In  auditing  the  financial  statements,  we  have  concluded  that  the 
director's  use  of  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  in  the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of 
the directors’ assessment of the entity’s ability to continue to adopt the 
going concern basis of accounting included reviews of expected cash 
flows for a period of 12 months, to determine expected cash burn, 
which was compared to the liquid assets held in the entity.  

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any 
material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually 
or  collectively,  may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  group's  ability  to 
continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from 
when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect 
to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report. 

Our approach to the audit 

As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed 
the  risks  of  material  misstatement  in  the  financial  statements.  In 
particular,  we  looked  at  where  the  directors  made  subjective 
judgments, for example in respect of significant accounting estimates 
that involved making assumptions and considering future events that 
are inherently uncertain. As in all of our audits we also addressed the 
risk of management override of internal controls, including evaluating 
whether there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented 
a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 

How we tailored the audit scope 
We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed 
enough work to be able to give an opinion on the financial 
statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the Group 
and the Company, the accounting processes and controls, and the 
industry in which they operate. 

The Group financial statements are a consolidation of 4 reporting units, 
comprising the Group’s operating businesses and holding companies. 

We performed audits of the complete financial information of 
OptiBiotix Health plc, OptiBiotix Limited, Probiotix Health Limited, and 
The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited reporting units, which 
were individually financially significant and accounted for 100% of 
the Group’s revenue and 100% of the Group’s absolute profit before 
tax (i.e. the sum of the numerical values without regard to whether 
they were profits or losses for the relevant reporting units). The Group 
engagement team performed all audit procedures. 

19

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members  
of OptiBiotix Health Plc (continued)

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional 
judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) 
we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the 

overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a 
whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. This is not a complete list of all 
risks identified by our audit.

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

Carrying value of investments and recoverability of group 
receivables – Company Risk 

The amount owed to the Company at the period end by the 
subsidiary OptiBiotix Limited was written off in the year (£6.30m). 

The amount owed by Probiotix Health Limited was £329,057. 

The carrying values of investments in group companies was as 
follows: 

OptiBiotix Limited : £2,000,000 

ProBiotix Health Limited : £235,438 

The Healthy Weight Loss Company Limited : £50,000 

Carrying value of investments – Group Risk 

At the period end the group had investments of £8.96m made up 
of the investment in SkinBiotherapeutics plc. 

There is a risk that the investment in Skinbiotherapeutics PLC 
requires impairment.

Carrying  value  of  intangible  assets  and  capitalisation  of 
development costs 

The Group had intangible assets of £2.74m at the period ended 31 
December  2020,  of  which  £350,346  were  development  costs 
capitalised in the period. 

Intangible assets comprise of development costs and fair value of 
patents acquired on the acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited. 

The patents are amortised in a straight line over 20 years, the period 
in which the directors believe the assets will generate revenue. 

The development costs are amortised in a straight line over 10 years, 
a period the directors believe to be in line with industry standard. 

We carried out a review of the investments held in the subsidiaries. 

Management’s 
underlying assumptions audited. 

impairment  workings  were  reviewed  and  the 

We reviewed management’s basis for impairment across the Company 
and agree with their approach. 

As part of the review of management’s forecasts, consideration was 
given to the capability of the subsidiary to repay the amount within a 
12-month period.  

The estimation of the residual value held in The Healthy Weight Loss 
Company Limited has been assessed. 

Following derecognition as an associate the investment was revalued 
to market value. This was agreed to open market information.

Intangible assets in the accounts have been allocated useful lives and 
therefore  an  annual  impairment  test  is  not  required.  However,  as 
OptiBiotix Limited is loss making we considered if there were indicators 
of impairment and reviewed the discounted cash flow forecasts. 

The  development  costs  capitalised  in  the  period  were  evaluated 
against  the  recognition  criteria  of  IAS38.  The  estimated  useful 
economic life assigned to the costs was reviewed. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 20

 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members  
of OptiBiotix Health Plc (continued)

Key audit matter

Going Concern 

Management judgement is required in assessing whether the group 
is a going concern as it has historically incurred losses and does not 
have borrowing facilities. 

The Directors have considered the cash requirements of the business 
for the following 12 months. As part of this process, they have taken 
into account existing liabilities, along with detailed operating cashflow 
requirements. The  projections  prepared  include  ongoing  running 
costs  of  the  group  and  committed  expenditure  at  the  date  of 
approving the financial statements.  

The key assumptions that impact the conclusions are the levels of 
future revenue, and the ability to control the operating costs. 

There are therefore inherent risks that the forecasts may overstate 
future revenue due to the timing of closure of future contracts, or 
understate future costs, and that the group will not be able to operate 
within its cash resources and continue to operate as a going concern. 

Revenue recognition 

The Group has multiple revenue streams comprising sales of goods, 
licensing agreements and royalty arrangements, including ongoing 
and milestone payments.  

The recognition of revenue of these items is determined by the terms 
of agreement with customers and as such is widely varied. 

We identified a risk of inaccurate or incomplete recognition of revenue 
due to the incorrect allocation of milestones to service contracts, and 
an inappropriate recognition of revenue on sales of goods for which 
revenue is recognised over time. 

The assumptions and judgements made in estimating the percentage 
of  completion  require  a  significant  degree  of  management 
judgement  and  are  susceptible  to  management  override  and 
represent a fraud risk.

21

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We have performed the following audit procedures: 

•   obtained management’s forecasts and cash flow analysis, and their 

going concern assessment; 

•   assessed the reliability of forecasts to date by agreeing historical 

actuals to budgets, and challenging the current forecasts; 

•   tested the clerical accuracy of management’s forecast;  

•   challenged  management’s 

including 
reviewing the forecast revenue and corroborated the assumptions; 
and 

forecast  assumptions, 

•   considered the appropriateness of the group’s disclosures in relation 

to going concern in the financial statements. 

As  detailed  above,  we  note  that  there  are  inherent  risks  over  the 
group’s forecasts and the potential timing of the conversion of the 
group’s  contract  pipeline.  We  further  note  that  the  group  has 
historically  been  loss  making  given  the  level  of  research  and 
development expenditure. 

Based on the audit work performed we are satisfied that although 
there are inherent uncertainties associated with the forecast, the group 
appears to have sufficient funds for at least 12 months following the 
signing of this audit report. We are also satisfied that all necessary 
disclosures have been made in the consolidated financial statements.

We have performed the following audit procedures: 

•   assessed the appropriateness of the Group’s revenue recognition 

accounting policies; 

•   reviewed key contracts with customers and tested that the Group 
has correctly accounted for the revenue arising from these contracts 
in accordance with the accounting policies; 

•   performed  detailed  testing  on  individually  significant  contracts, 
including substantiating a sample of transactions with underlying 
documents; 

•   evaluated whether revenue has been appropriately presented and 

disclosed in the financial statements. 

Based on the audit work performed, we are satisfied that management 
have appropriately accounted for revenue in line with their accounting 
policy and in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 15. We are also 
satisfied  that  all  necessary  disclosure  have  been  made  in  the 
consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members  
of OptiBiotix Health Plc (continued)

Our Application Of Materiality 

The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds for materiality. These, together with 
qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual 
financial statement line items and disclosures and in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually and in aggregate on the financial 
statements as a whole. 

Based on our professional judgment, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole as follows: 

Group financial statements

Company financial statements

Overall materiality 

£206,000 (2019: £109,000)

£120,000 (2019: £109,000)

How we determined it

1.5% of gross assets 

(2019: 1.5% gross assets)

1% of gross assets  

(2019: 1% gross assets)

Rationale for  
benchmark applied 

We believe that gross assets is a primary measure 
the 
used  by 
performance of the Group, whilst the subsidiaries 
are in varied states of development and trading.

in  assessing 

shareholders 

shareholders 

We believe that gross assets is a primary measure 
the 
used  by 
performance  of  the  Company,  given  that  it  is 
largely  a  holding  company  for  the  trading 
subsidiaries.

in  assessing 

For each component in the scope of our Group audit, we allocated a 
materiality that is less than our overall Group materiality. The range of 
materiality  allocated  across  components  was  between  £18,000 
and £120,000.  

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them 
misstatements identified during our audit above £10,300 for the Group 
(2019:  £5,450)  and  £6,000  for  the  Parent  (2019:  £5,450)  as  well  as 
misstatements  below  those  amounts  that,  in  our  view,  warranted 
reporting for qualitative reasons. 

Other information 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  The  other 
information comprises the information included in the annual report, 
other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. 
Our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  does  not  cover  the  other 
information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our 
report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In  connection  with  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements,  our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial 

statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears 
to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or 
apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether 
there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material 
misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have 
performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this 
other information, we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by 
the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

•     the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report 
for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared 
is consistent with the financial statements; and 

•     the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in 

accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 22

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members  
of OptiBiotix Health Plc (continued)

Matters on which we are required to 
report by exception 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and 
parent company and its environment obtained in the course of the 
audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic 
report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation 
to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in 
our opinion: 

•     adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent 
company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 
from branches not visited by us; or 

•     the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with 

the accounting records and returns; or 

•     certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are 

not made; or 

•     we  have  not  received  all  the  information  and  explanations  we 

require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set 
out on page 17, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the 
financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  directors  determine  is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for 
assessing the group’s and parent company’s ability to continue as a 
going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the 
directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or 
to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws 
and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, 
outlined  above,  to  detect  material  misstatements  in  respect  of 
irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are 
capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below. 

The extent to which the audit was 
considered capable of detecting 
irregularities including fraud 

Our  approach  to  identifying  and  assessing  the  risks  of  material 
including  fraud  and 
misstatement 
non-compliance with laws and regulations, was as follows: 

in  respect  of 

irregularities, 

•     the  senior  statutory  auditor  ensured  the  engagement  team 
collectively had the appropriate competence, capabilities and skills 
to  identify  or  recognise  non-compliance  with  applicable  laws 
and regulations; 

•     we focused on specific laws and regulations which we considered 
may have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the 
operations of the company. 

•     we assessed the extent of compliance with the laws and regulations 
identified above through making enquiries of management and 
inspecting legal correspondence; and 

•     identified laws and regulations were communicated within the audit 
team  regularly  and  the  team  remained  alert  to  instances  of 
non-compliance throughout the audit. 

We assessed the susceptibility of the company’s financial statements to 
material misstatement, including obtaining an understanding of how 
fraud might occur, by: 

•     making enquiries of management as to where they considered there 
was susceptibility to fraud, their knowledge of actual, suspected and 
alleged fraud; 

•     considering the internal controls in place to mitigate risks of fraud 

and non-compliance with laws and regulations. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of 
the financial statements 

To address the risk of fraud through management bias and override of 
controls, we: 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the 
financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, 
whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, 
but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs 
(UK)  will  always  detect  a  material  misstatement  when  it  exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material 
if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected 
to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
financial statements. 

23

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

•     performed  analytical  procedures  to  identify  any  unusual  or 

unexpected relationships; 

•     tested journal entries to identify unusual transactions; 

•     assessed  whether 

in 
determining  the  accounting  estimates  set  out  in  Note  1  were 
indicative of potential bias; 

judgements  and  assumptions  made 

•     investigated the rationale behind significant or unusual transactions. 

 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members  
of OptiBiotix Health Plc (continued)

In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws 
and regulations, we designed procedures which included, but were not 
limited to: 

•     agreeing financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting 

documentation; 

•     reading the minutes of meetings of those charged with governance; 

•     enquiring  of  management  as  to  actual  and  potential  litigation 

and claims; 

•     Obtaining  confirmation  of  compliance  from  the  company’s 

legal advisors. 

There are inherent limitations in our audit procedures described above. 
The  more  removed  that  laws  and  regulations  are  from  financial 
transactions,  the  less  likely  it  is  that  we  would  become  aware  of 
non-compliance. Auditing standards also limit the audit procedures 
required  to  identify  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  to 
enquiry of the directors and other management and the inspection of 
regulatory and legal correspondence, if any. 

Material misstatements that arise due to fraud can be harder to detect 
than  those  that  arise  from  error  as  they  may  involve  deliberate 
concealment or collusion. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial 
statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of 
our auditor’s report. 

Other matters which we are required to 
address 

We were reappointed as auditors by the company at the Annual General 
Meeting on 9 July 2020 to audit the financial statements for the period 
ending  31  December  2020.  Our  total  uninterrupted  period  of 
engagement is 7 years, covering the periods ending 30 November 2014 
to 31 December 2020.  

The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were 
not  provided  to  the  group  or  the  parent  company  and  we  remain 
independent  of  the  group  and  the  parent  company  in  conducting 
our audit.  

In addition to the audit, the firm provides tax compliance services to 
OptiBiotix Health Plc and its subsidiaries. 

Our  audit  opinion  is  consistent  with  the  additional  report  to  the 
audit committee. 

Use of this report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our 
audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in 
an  auditor’s  report  and  for  no  other  purpose.  To  the  fullest  extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Sachin Ramaiya 
(Senior Statutory Auditor) 

For and on behalf of  

Jeffreys Henry LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Finsgate 
5-7 Cranwood Street 
London  
EC1V 9EE 

16 June 2021  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 24

 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Notes

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Restated  
Period ended  
31 December 2019 
£* 

1,523,247                       744,883 
(643,428)

(352,080) 

879,819                       392,803 
(127,248)                     (137,320) 
(247,895)                     (217,904) 
(1,616,069)                  (2,204,217) 

(1,991,212)

(2,559,441) 

(1,111,393)                  (2,116,638) 
(44,954)                       (44,467) 
110 

98

(44,856)                       (44,357) 
(303,448)                     (546,316) 
4,165,223                                 – 
2,955,739                                 – 
265,481 

48,967

5,710,232                    (2,491,830) 
123,468 

91,635

5,801,867                    (2,368,362) 
– 

–

5,801,867

(2,368,362) 

5,801,867                    (2,367,247)  
(1,115) 

–

5,801,866

(2,368,362) 

6.65p                           (2.78)p 
6.07p                           (2.78)p 

6

5
5

12
12
12
12

8

9

Revenue from contracts with customers
Cost of sales

Gross Profit
Share based payments 
Depreciation and amortisation
Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses

Operating loss
Finance cost
Finance income 

Share of loss from associate
Gain on disposal of an associate
Gain on investments 
Profit on disposal of investments

Profit/(Loss) before tax
Corporation tax

Profit/(Loss)for the period
Other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income for the period

Total comprehensive income attributable to: 
Owners of the company
Non-controlling interests

Earnings per share from continued operations
Basic profit/(loss) per share – pence
Diluted profit/(loss) per share – pence

*

The prior years figures have been restated, refer to notes 7 and 12 

All activities relate to continuing operations 
The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements

25

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
As at 31 December 2020

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Intangibles
Property, plant & equipment
Investments

CURRENT ASSETS 
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Current tax asset
Cash and cash equivalents

TOTAL ASSETS

EQUITY 
Shareholders’ Equity 
Called up share capital
Share premium
Share based payment reserve
Merger relief reserve
Convertible debt – reserve
Retained Earnings
Non-controlling interest

Total Equity

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred tax liability
Convertible loan notes 

TOTAL LIABILITIES

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Notes

As at
31 December 2020
£

Restated 
As at 
31 December 2019 
£* 

10
11
12

13
14
8
15

16
17
17
17
17
17
17

18 

19
20

2,735,621
–
8,962,564

11,698,185 

184,236
645,823
310,435
864,680

2,005,174 

13,703,359

1,758,812
2,537,501
867,307
1,500,000
92,712
5,058,968
35,782

11,851,082

518,995

518,995

561,523 
771,759

1,333,282 

1,852,277

13,703,359

2,632,778  
393  
2,842,834  

5,476,005  

62,761  
607,308  
190,435  
455,608  

1,316,112  

6,792,117 

1,708,811 
1,646,873 
740,059 
1,500,000 
92,712 
(742,899) 
35,782 

4,981,338 

561,624 

561,624 

522,350 
726,805 

1,249,155  

1,810,779 

6,792,117 

The prior years figures have been restated, refer to notes 7 and 12 

*
These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 16 June 2021 and were signed on 
its behalf by: 

S P O’Hara 
Director 
Company Registration no. 05880755 
The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statement

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 26

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the period ended 31 December 2020

                                                                                                                                                                                                         Share-
                                                                                                                                         Non-     Convertible           Merger              based
                                                                  Called up         Retained              Share     Controlling              Debt              Relief          Payment
                                                              Share capital          Earnings         Premium           interest          Reserve          Reserve           reserve
                                                                              £                    £                    £                    £                    £                    £                    £

Balance at 30 November 2018                      1,694,488        1,624,348        1,603,904            36,897                    –        1,500,000          602,739
Loss for the period (restated*)                                   –       (2,367,247)                   –             (1,115)                   –                    –                    –
Issues of shares during the period                       14,323                    –            42,969                    –                    –                    –                    –
Share options and warrants                                        –                    –                    –                    –                    –                    –          137,320
                                                                              –                    –                    –                    –            92,712                    –                    –

Restated Balance at 31 December 2019         1,708,811         (742,899)       1,646,873            35,782            92,712        1,500,000          740,059
Profit for the year                                                      –        5,801,867                    –                    –                    –                    –                    –
Issues of shares during the year                           50,001                    –          950,003                    –                    –                    –                    –
Share issue costs                                                       –                    –           (59,375)                   –                    –                    –                    –
Share options and warrants                                        –                    –                    –                    –                    –                    –          127,248

Total 
equity 
£ 

7,062,376 
(2,368,362) 
57,292 
137,320 
92,712 

4,981,338 
5,801,867 
1,000,004 
(59,375) 
127,248 

Balance at 31 December 2020                      1,758,812        5,058,968        2,537,501            35,782            92,712        1,500,000          867,307 11,851,082 

*

The prior year’s figures have been restated, refer to notes 7 and 12 

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements 

27

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Notes

1

Cash flows from operating activities  
Cash utilised by operations 
Tax received 
Interest paid
Interest received

Net cash outflow from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of intangible assets

Net cash outflow from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities 
Share issues
Issue of loan notes
Disposal of investments 

Net cash inflow from financing activities

Increase/(decrease) in cash and equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

15

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

(928,061)
–
–
98

(927,963)

(350,345)

(350,345)

940,629
–
746,751

1,687,380

409,072

455,608

864,680

(2,036,532) 
313,173 
(54) 
168 

(1,723,248) 

(594,923) 

(594,923) 

57,292 
775,050 
617,130 

1,449,472 

(868,699) 

1,324,307 

455,608 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 28

 
Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

1. Reconciliation of loss before income tax to cash outflow from operations 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020
£

Period ended
31 December  
2019 
£ 

Operating loss                                                                                                                (1,111,393)
(Increase) in inventories                                                                                                      (121,475)
(Increase) in trade and other receivables                                                                                (37,190)
(Decrease)/Increase in trade and other payables                                                                     (42,630)
Depreciation charge                                                                                                                  393
Share Option expense                                                                                                         127,248
Amortisation of patents and development costs                                                                     247,502
Net fx differences                                                                                                                   9,484

Net cash outflow from operations                                                                                       (928,061)

(2,166,638) 
(32,328) 
(233,504) 
40,634 
2,750 
137,320 
215,234 
– 

(2,036,532) 

2. Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements 

Year ended 
31 December
2020
£

Period ended  
31 December 
 2019 
£ 

864,680

455,608 

29

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
Company Statement of Financial Position 
As at 31 December 2020

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Investments
Other receivables

CURRENT ASSETS 
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

TOTAL ASSETS

EQUITY 
Shareholders’ Equity 
Called up share capital
Share premium
Merger relief reserve
Share based payment reserve
Accumulated profit

Total Equity

LIABILITIES 
CURRENT LIABILITIES 
Trade and other payables

TOTAL LIABILITIES

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

As at
31 December 2020
£

As at 
31 December 2019 
£ 

Notes

12
14

14
15

16
17
17
17
17

18

11,043,469
329,057

11,372,526

89,420
532,769

622,189

6,212,556 
5,941,360 

12,153,916 

24,707 
139,243 

163,950 

11,994,715

12,317,866 

1,758,812
2,537,501
1,500,000
867,307
5,268,171

1,708,811 
1,646,873 
1,500,000 
740,059 
6,436,938 

11,931,791

12,032,681 

62,924

62,924

285,185 

285,185 

11,994,715

12,317,866 

The Company has elected to take the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present the parent Company 
income statement account. 
The loss for the parent Company for the year was £1,168,767 (2019: Profit £113,804). 
These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 16 June 2021 and were signed on 
its behalf by: 
S P O’Hara 
Director 
Company Registration no. 05880755  

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 30

 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Called up
Share
capital
£

Retained
Earnings
£

Share
Premium
£

Merger Share-based 
Payment
reserve
£

Relief 
Reserve
£

Total 
equity 
£ 

Balance at 30 November 2018

1,694,488

6,323,134

1,603,904

1,500,000

602,739 11,724,265 

Profit for the period

Issues of shares during the period

Share options and warrants

–

113,804

14,323

–

–

–

–

42,969

–

–

–

–

–

–

113,804 

57,292  

137,320

137,320 

Balance at 31 December 2019

1,708,811

6,436,938

1,646,873

1,500,000

740,059 12,032,681 

Loss for the year

Issues of shares during the year

Financing Costs

Share options and warrants

–

(1,168,767)

–

50,001

–

–

–

–

–

950,003

(59,375)

–

–

–

–

–

– (1,168,767) 

–

–

1,000,004 

(59,375) 

127,248

127,248 

Balance at 31 December 2020

1,758,812

5,268,171

2,537,501

1,500,000

867,307 11,931,791 

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements 

31

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Company Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Notes

1

Cash flows from operating activities  
Cash utilised by operations 
Interest received

Net cash outflow from operating activities
Cash flows from financing activities 
Net amounts to subsidiaries
Share issues
Proceeds from disposal of investments

Net cash inflow from financing activities

Increase/(decrease) in cash and equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

15

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements 

Year ended 
31 December 2020
£

Period ended  
31 December 2019 
£ 

(369,036)
46

(368,990)

(924,864)
940,629
746,751

762,516

393,526
139,243

532,769

(1,702,719) 
104 

(1,702,615) 

– 
57,292 
617,129 

674,421 

(1,028,194) 
1,167,437 

139,243 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 32

Notes to the Company Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

1. Reconciliation of loss before income tax to cash generated from operations 

Operating loss

(Decrease) in trade and other receivables

Loan Write off

Increase in trade and other payables

Share Option expense

Net cash outflow from operations

2. Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents

The notes on pages 34 to 56 form part of these financial statements 

Year ended 
31 December 2020
£

Period ended  
31 December 2019 
£ 

(6,760,976)                     (457,816) 

(64,713)                  (1,438,409) 

6,301,667                                  – 

27,738                          56,186 

127,248

(369,036)

137,320 

(1,702,719) 

As at 
31 December 2020
 £

532,769

As at 
31 December 2019 

£   

139,243 

33

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

1. General Information 

OptiBiotix Health plc is a Public Limited Company incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales. Details of the registered office, 
the officers and advisers to the Company are presented on the company information page at the start of this report. The Company’s 
offices are at Innovation centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York. The Company is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock 
Exchange (ticker: OPTI). 

The principal activity is that of identifying and developing microbial strains, compounds, and formulations for use in food ingredients, 
supplements and active compounds that can impact on human physiology, deriving potential health benefits.  

2. Accounting Policies 

Statement of compliance 

The consolidated financial statements of OptiBiotix Health plc have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting  Standards  (IFRS),  International  Accounting  Standards  (IASs)  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Interpretations 
Committee (IFRIC) interpretations (collectively ‘IFRS’) as adopted for use in the European Union and as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board and with those parts of the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. 

Basis of preparation 

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The functional currency is GBP. 

The principal accounting policies are summarised below. They have all been applied consistently throughout the period under review. 

Going concern 

The financial statements have been prepared on the assumption that the Group is a going concern. When assessing the foreseeable 
future, the Directors have looked at the budget for the next 12 months from the date of this report, the cash at bank available as at 
the date of approval of these financial statements and are satisfied that the group should be able to cover its quoted maintenance 
costs, other administrative expenses and its ongoing research and development expenditure. 

Management have considered its forecast of the group’s cash requirements reflecting contracted and anticipated future revenue 
and the resulting net cash outflows. Management have not yet seen a material disruption to the business as a result of the COVID-19 
outbreak. It is difficult to assess reliably whether there will be any material disruption in the future which could adversely impact the 
group’s forecast.  

Subsequent to the year end, the Group successfully sold 2,000,000 Skinbiotherapeutics PLC shares which raised £900,936 to fund 
the growth of the business and delivery of existing commercial plans.  

After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt a going concern basis in preparing the annual report and 
financial statements 

New and amended standards adopted by the group 

There are no IFRS or IFRIC interpretations that are effective for the first time in this financial period that would be expected to have 
a material impact on the Group. 

The following new standards, amendments to standards, and interpretations have been issued, but are not effective for the financial 
period beginning 1 January 2020 and have not been early adopted: 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 34

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

New Standards, amendments and interpretations issued but not effective  

The following new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations have been issued, but are not effective for the financial 
period beginning 1 January 2020 and have not been early adopted: 

Amendment to IFRS 16 COVID-19 related rent concessions                                                                                                            1 June 2020 

Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2                            1 January 2021 

Amendments to IAS 1, Presentation of financial statements’ on classification of liabilities                                                  1 January 2022 

A number of narrow-scope amendments to IFRS 3, IAS 16, IAS 17 and some annual improvements                              1 January 2022 
on IFRS 1, IFRS 9, IAS 41 and IFRS 16                                                                                                                                                                             

The Directors anticipate that the adoption of these standard and the interpretations in future period will have no material impact 
on the financial statements of the company. 

Basis of consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company 
(its subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each year. Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the financial 
and operating policies of an investee entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. 

The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. 

Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with 
those used by other members of the Group. 

All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation. 

Changes in the Group’s ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in the Group losing control over the subsidiaries are 
accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Group’s interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted 
to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling 
interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognised directly in equity and attributed to owners 
of the Company. 

When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, the profit or loss on disposal is calculated as the difference between (i) the aggregate 
of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the 
assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. Where certain assets of the subsidiary 
are measured at revalued amounts or fair values and the related cumulative gain or loss has been recognised in other comprehensive 
income and accumulated in equity, the amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity 
are accounted for as if the Company had directly disposed of the related assets (i.e. reclassified to profit or loss or transferred directly 
to retained earnings).  

The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is regarded as the fair value on 
initial recognition for subsequent accounting under IFRS 9 governance “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” or, 
when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a jointly controlled entity. 

Business combinations 

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination 
is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Group, 
liabilities incurred by the group to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the group in exchange for 
control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. 

35

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their fair value at the acquisition 
date, except that: 

–

–

–

deferred tax assets or liabilities and liabilities or assets related to employee benefit arrangements are recognised and measured 
in accordance with IAS 12 Income Taxes and IAS 19 Employee Benefits respectively; 

liabilities or equity instruments related to share-based payment transactions of the acquiree or the replacement of an 
acquiree’s  share-based  payment  transactions  with  share-based  payment  transactions  of  the  group  are  measured  in 
accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based Payment at the acquisition date; and 

assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and 
Discontinued Operations are measured in accordance with that standard. 

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the 
acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date 
amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after assessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts 
of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any 
non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess 
is recognised immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain. 

Revenue recognition  

Revenue is measured at the fair value of sales of goods and services less returns and sales taxes. The Group has analysed its business 
activities and applied the five-step model prescribed by IFRS 15 to each material line of business, as outlined below: 

Sale of products  

The contract to provide a product is established when the customer places a purchase order. The performance obligation is to 
provide the product requested by an agreed date, and the transaction price is the value of the product as stated in our order 
acknowledgement. The performance obligation is typically met when the product is dispatched and so revenue is primarily 
recognised for each product when dispatching takes place. In some limited situations when the product is complete but the 
customer is unable to take delivery the performance obligation is met when the customer formally accepts transfer of risk and 
control even though the product has not been dispatched.  

License arrangements  

Revenue is recognised when the customer obtains control of the rights to use the IP. The performance obligations are considered 
to be distinct from any ongoing distribution arrangements which are treated in line with sales of products.  

Milestone payments  

Where the transaction price includes consideration that is contingent upon a future event or circumstance, the contingent amount 
is allocated entirely to that performance obligation if certain criteria are met. Revenue is recognised at the point of time of the 
performance obligation being satisfied. 

Investments in associates  

Associates are those entities in which the Group has significant influence, but not control or joint control over the financial and 
operating policies. Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Group holds between 20 and 50 percent of the voting power 
of another entity. Investments in associates are accounted for under the equity method and are recognised initially at cost. The cost 
of the investment includes transaction costs.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 36

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  Group’s  share  of  profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive  income  of 
equity-accounted investees, after adjustments to align the accounting policies with those of the Group, from the date that significant 
influence commences until the date that significant influence ceases.  

When the Group’s share of losses exceeds its interest in an equity-accounted investee, the carrying amount of the investment, 
including any long-term interests that form part thereof, is reduced to zero, and the recognition of further losses is discontinued 
except to the extent that the Group has an obligation or has made payments on behalf of the investee. 

Investments at fair value  

Equity investments are held at fair value at the balance sheet date with any profit or loss for the year being taken to the Income 
statement . The value of listed investments being calculated at the closing price on the balance sheet date.  

Employee Benefits 

The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable by the Group’s pension scheme are charged to 
the income statement in the period in which they relate.  

Taxation 

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. 

(i) Current tax 

Current taxes are based on the results shown in the financial statements and are calculated according to local tax rules using tax 
rates enacted or substantially enacted by the statement of financial position date. 

Income tax is recognised in the income statement or in equity if it relates to items that are recognised in the same or a different 
period, directly in equity. 

Current tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or 
paid to the taxation authorities. 

(ii) Deferred tax 

Deferred tax is provided, using the liability method, on temporary differences at the statement of financial position date between 
the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes. 

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences. 

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused tax assets and unused tax losses, 
to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differenced and the 
carrying forward or unused tax assets and unused tax losses can be utilised. 

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer 
probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilised. Conversely, previously 
unrecognised deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable profit that sufficient taxable 
profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised.  

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the year when the asset is realised or 
the liability is settled, based on the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

37

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

Financial instruments and Risk Management 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the 
instrument. 

Loans and receivables are initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost, plus accrued interest, 
and are reduced by appropriate provisions for estimated irrecoverable amounts. Such provisions are recognised in the statement of 
income. 

Equity investments comprise investments which do have a fixed maturity and are classified as non current assets if they are intended 
to be held for the medium to long term. They are measured at fair value through profit or loss. 

Trade receivables are initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost less appropriate provisions 
for estimated irrecoverable amounts. Such provisions are recognised in the statement of income. 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and demand deposits and other short-term highly liquid investments with 
maturities of three months or less at inception that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an 
insignificant risk of changes in value. 

Trade payables are not interest-bearing and are initially valued at their fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

Equity instruments are recorded at fair value, being the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. 

Share Capital – Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options 
are shown in equity as a deduction, net of taxation, from the proceeds. 

Financial instruments require classification of fair value as determined by reference to the source of inputs used to derive the fair 
value. This classification uses the following three-level hierarchy: 

Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 

Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as 
prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); 

Level 3 – inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 

Inventory 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Net 
realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less applicable variable selling expenses. 

Impairment of non-financial assets 

At each statement of financial position date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its investments to determine whether there 
is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the 
asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where the asset does not generate cash flows 
that are independent from other assets, the group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset 
belongs. An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life is tested for impairment annually and whenever there is an indication that 
the asset may be impaired.  

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash 
flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value 
of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. If the recoverable 
amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset 
(cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised as an expense immediately, unless 
the relevant asset is carried at a re-valued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 38

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised 
estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would 
have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an 
impairment loss is recognised as income immediately, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the 
reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.  

Capital management 

Capital is made up of stated capital, premium, other reserves and retained earnings. The objective of the Group’s capital management 
is to ensure that it maintains strong credit ratings and capital ratios. This will ensure that the business is correctly supported and 
shareholder value is maximised. 

The Group manages its capital structure through adjustments that are dependent on economic conditions. In order to maintain or 
adjust the capital structure, the Company may choose to change or amend dividend payments to shareholders or issue new share 
capital to shareholders. There were no changes to the objectives, policies or processes during the period ended 31 December 2020. 

Convertible Loans  

Compound financial instruments issued by the Group comprise convertible notes that can be converted to share capital at the 
option of the holder, and the number of shares to be issued does not vary with changes in their fair value. 

The liability component of a compound financial instrument is recognised initially at the fair value of a similar liability that does not 
have an equity conversion option. The equity component is recognised initially at the difference between the fair value of the 
compound financial instrument as a whole and the fair value of the liability component. Any directly attributable transaction costs 
are allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to their initial carrying amount. 

Convertible debt reserve 

The convertible debt reserve is the equity component of the convertible loan notes that have been issued. 

Share-based compensation 

The fair value of the employee and suppliers services received in exchange for the grant of the options is recognised as an expense. 
The total amount to be expensed over the vesting year is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted, excluding 
the impact of any non-market vesting conditions (for example, profitability and sales growth targets). Non-market vesting conditions 
are included in assumptions about the number of options that are expected to vest. At each statement of financial position date, 
the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest. It recognises the impact of the revision to original 
estimates, if any, in the income statement, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. 

The proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share 
premium when the options are exercised.  

The fair value of share-based payments recognised in the income statement is measured by use of the Black Scholes model, which 
takes into account conditions attached to the vesting and exercise of the equity instruments. The expected life used in the model 
is adjusted; based on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural 
considerations. The share price volatility percentage factor used in the calculation is based on management’s best estimate of 
future share price behaviour and is selected based on past experience, future expectations and benchmarked against peer 
companies in the industry. 

39

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

Property, plant and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less subsequent accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment 
losses, if any. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. 

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is 
probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured 
reliably. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the financial period in which they are incurred. 

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method to write off their cost over their estimated 
useful lives at the following annual rates: 

Computer equipment

30% 

Useful lives and depreciation method are reviewed and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. 

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to 
arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and 
equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant asset and is 
recognised in profit or loss in the year in which the asset is derecognised.  

Intangibles – Patents 

Separately acquired patents are shown at historical cost. Patents have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated 
amortisation. Amortisation is calculated using the straight line method to allocate the cost of the patents over their estimated useful 
life of twenty years once the patents have been granted.  

Research and Development  

Research expenditure is written off to the statement of comprehensive income in the year in which it is incurred. Development 
expenditure is written off in the same way unless the Directors are satisfied as to the technical, commercial and financial viability of 
individual projects. In this situation, the expenditure is deferred and amortised over the 10 years during which the Company is 
expected to benefit.  

Merger relief reserve 

The merger relief reserve arises from the 100% acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited whereby the excess of the fair value of the issued 
ordinary share capital issued over the nominal value of these shares is transferred to this reserve in accordance with section 612 of 
the Companies Act 2006. 

Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty  

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions concerning the future that 
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial 
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.  

The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, differ from the related actual results.  

•

Share based payments  
The fair value of share based payments recognised in the income statement is measured by use of the Black Scholes model, 
which takes into account conditions attached to the vesting and exercise of the equity instruments. The expected life used 
in the model is adjusted; based on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions 
and behavioural considerations. The share price volatility percentage factor used in the calculation is based on management’s 
best estimate of future share price behaviour and is selected based on past experience, future expectations and benchmarked 
against peer companies in the industry.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 40

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

2. Accounting Policies (continued)

•

•

•

Amortisation  
Management have estimated that the useful life of the fair value of the patents acquired on the acquisition to be 20 years. 
Research and developments that have been capitalised in line with the recognition criteria of IAS38 have been estimated to 
have a useful economic life of 10 years. These estimates will be reviewed annually and revised if the useful life is deemed to 
be lower based on the trading business or any changes to patent law. 

Impairment reviews 
IFRS requires management to undertake an annual test for impairment of indefinite lived assets and, for finite lived assets to 
test  for  impairment  if  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  may  not  be 
recoverable. Impairment testing is an area involving management judgement, requiring assessment as to whether the 
carrying value of assets can be supported by the net present value of future cash flows derived from such assets using cash 
flow projections which have been discounted at an appropriate rate. In calculating the net present value of the future cash 
flows, certain assumptions are required to be made in respect of highly uncertain matters. 

Derecognition of an associate 
Management have reviewed the existing relationship with Skinbiotherapeutics Plc in light of changes in the Group’s power 
to participate in the financial and operating decisions of the entity, in line with the requirements of IAS28. Following a 
significant dilution in shareholding and a change to the board structure of the entity, it was determined that the significant 
influence had been lost and the associate would be de-recognised.  

3. Segmental Reporting 

In the opinion of the directors, the Group has one class of business, in three geographical areas being that of identifying and 
developing microbial strains, compounds and formulations for use in the nutraceutical industry. The Group sells into three highly 
interconnected markets, all costs assets and liabilities are derived from the UK location. 

Revenue analysed by market 

Probiotics
Functional Fibres* 

*Includes Consumer Health 

Revenue analysed by geographical market 

UK
US 
International

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

821,126
702,121

1,523,247

397,831 
347,052 

 744,883 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

369,892
654,524
498,831

1,523,247

197,969 
172,352 
374,562 

 744,883 

During the reporting period one customer represented £497,416 (32.6%) of Group revenues. (2019: one customer generated £172,351 
representing 23.1% of Group revenues) 

41

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

4. Employees and Directors 

Wages and salaries
Directors’ remuneration*
Directors’ fees*
Social security costs
Pension costs

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

82,448
404,500
406,399
52,231
33,518

979,096

53,037 
647,421 
310,832 
74,396 
28,618 

 1,114,257 

*Total Directors’ remuneration £810,899 (2019: £958,253) see Directors’ remuneration note below 

The average monthly number of employees during the period was as follows: 

Directors
Research and development

Directors’ remuneration*
Directors’ share based payments
Bonus*
Pension

Total emoluments

Emoluments paid to the highest paid director

*Total Directors’ remuneration £810,899 see Directors’ remuneration note below 

Year ended
31 December 2020
No.

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
No. 

6
2

8

8 
2 

10 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

763,399
102,533
47,500
33,518

946,950

218,000

873,253 
123,362 
85,000 
28,618 

1,110,233 

248,000 

Included in total emoluments paid to Directors are capitalised wages of £187,241 (2019: £248,707) 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 42

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

4. Employees and Directors (continued)

Directors’ remuneration 

Details of emoluments received by Directors of the Group for the period ended 31 December 2020 are as follows: 

                                                                       Remuneration             Share based                    Pension 
                                                                               and fees                 payments                      Costs 
                                                                                         £                             £                             £

A Reynolds*                                                                24,996                             –                             –
S P O’Hara                                                                218,000                             –                     10,650
F Narbel                                                                    175,762                     44,720                       8,370
S Christie                                                                     25,000                     11,394                             –
R Davidson                                                                  55,000                     32,212                             –
S Kolyda                                                                    106,500                     14,207                       5,325
P Wenstromm*                                                            18,000                             –                             –
S Prescott*                                                                  99,695                             –                       4,985
M Hvid-Hansen                                                            87,946                             –                       4,188

Total                                                                          810,899                   102,533                     33,518

Total 
£ 

24,996 
228,650 
228,852 
36,394 
87,212 
126,032 
18,000 
104,680 
92,134 

946,950 

*For disclosure in relation to directors’ fees please refer to Note 21. 

5. Net Finance Income/(Costs) 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

98

110 

(44,954)

(44,467) 

(44,856)                        (44,357) 

Finance Income: 
Bank Interest
Finance Cost : 
Loan note interest

Net Finance Income/(Costs)

43

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

6. Expenses – analysis by nature 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

Research and development
Regulatory Costs
Directors’ fees & remuneration (Note 4)* 
Auditor remuneration – audit fees (Consolidated accounts £18,250, (2019:£17,500)
Auditor remuneration – non audit fees (tax compliance)
Brokers & Advisors
Advertising & marketing
Share based payments charge
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment
Amortisation of patents and development costs
Patent and IP costs
Consultancy fees
Legal and professional fees
Public Relations costs
Travel costs
Other expenses

85,703
–
623,658
42,720
11,400
123,531
86,673
127,248
393
247,502
136,762
76,704
42,625
82,394
31,434
272,465

167,869 
185,447 
709,546 
42,220 
6,200 
113,036 
66,556 
137,320 
2,750 
215,235 
55,483 
223,016 
24,399 
101,795 
171,448 
337,121 

Total administrative expenses

1,991,212

2,559,441 

*£623,658 is net of £187,241 capitalised in the year, total remuneration £810,899 as per note 4. 

7. Prior period adjustment 

During the 2020 financial year, the group discovered that there were prior period errors relating to the areas listed below in 7.1 and 
7.2. As a consequence, these amounts have been misstated in the prior year annual financial report. The errors have been corrected 
by restating each of the financial statement line items for the prior periods. The following tables summarise the impacts on the 
Group’s and Company’s financial statements. 

The prior period correction has resulted from an error in the accounting treatment of the investment held in Skinbiotherapeutics 
PLC  in  the  prior  period.  Having  reviewed  the  ownership  of  Skinbiotherapeutics  Plc,  it  was  decided  that  the  threshold  for 
de-recognition as an associate was not achieved in the prior year. As a result, the share of loss for the associate for the period between 
4 July 2019 and 31 December 2019 should be recognised within the Group.  

See note 12 for details of the disposal which has been recognised in the current year.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 44

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

7. Prior period adjustment (continued)

7.1 Consolidated statement of consolidated income  

                                                                                              Impact of correction of error 

Share of loss from associate 

Loss before tax

Total Comprehensive Loss 

As previously 
reported
2019
£

(296,344)

(2,241,858)

(2,118,390)

Adjustments
2019
£

(249,972)

(249,972)

(249,972)

As restated 
2019 
£ 

(546,316) 

(2,491,830) 

(2,368,362) 

Loss per share (pence), basic and diluted

(2.49)p

(0.29)p

(2.78)p 

7.2 Consolidated statement of financial position  

                                                                                              Impact of correction of error 

As previously  

reported
2019
£

2,633,171
3,092,806

5,725,977

(492,927)
5,724,237

5,231,310

Adjustments
2019
£

As restated 
2019 
£ 

–
(249,972)

(249,972)

(249,972)
–

(249,972)

2,633,171 
 2,842,834 

5,476,005 

(742,899) 
 5,724,237 

4,981,338 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

(120,000)
–
28,185
180

(91,635)

(190,435) 
(9,221) 
76,188 
– 

(123,468) 

Assets 
Other assets 
Investments 

Equity  
Retained earnings
Other equity

Total Equity

8. Corporation Tax 

Corporation tax credit
Under provision prior year
Deferred tax movement
Overseas tax suffered

Total taxation

45

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

8. Corporation Tax (continued)

Analysis of tax expense 

No liability to UK corporation tax arose on ordinary activities for the year ended 31 December 2020 nor for the period ended 
31 December 2019. 

Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities before income tax

5,710,232

(2,491,830) 

Year ended
31 December 2020
£

Period ended 
31 December 2019 
£ 

Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by the standard rate of  
corporation tax in UK of 19% (2019 – 19%)
Effects of: 
Disallowables
Income not taxable
Accelerated depreciation
R&D enhanced deductions
R&D tax credit claimed
Amortisation
Revenue items capitalised
Other timing differences
Overseas tax suffered
Unused tax losses carried forward

Tax credit

1.084,944

(473,447) 

89,931
(1,362,287)
75
–
(120,000)
27,851
(66,566)
28,185
180
226,052

(91,635)

104,311 
(50,441) 
523 
(141,042) 
(199,656) 
40,895 
(65,072) 
76,188 
– 
584,303 

(123,468) 

The Group has estimated losses of £4,704,000 (2019: £3,253,189) and estimated excess management expenses of £2,591,000 
(2019: £2,248,357). 

The tax losses have resulted in a deferred tax asset at 19% of approximately £1,386,050 (2019: £1,045,294) which has not been 
recognized as it is uncertain whether future taxable profits will be sufficient to utilise the losses.   

Current tax asset – Group 
Balance brought forward
Received during the year 
Prior year adjustment 
Research & development tax credit claimed

2020
£

190,435
–
–
120,000

310,435

2019 
£ 

303,952 
(313,170) 
9,218 
190,435 

190,435 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 46

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

9. Earnings per share 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the earnings attributable shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary 
shares outstanding during the period. 

                                                                                                                                         2020 

Basic and diluted EPS

Basic EPS
Diluted EPS

Earnings
£

5,801,867
5,801,867

Weighted average 
Number of shares
No.

87,207,703
95,569,946

Profit per-share 
Pence 

6.65 
6.07 

                                                                                                                                  2019 Restated 

Basic EPS
Diluted EPS

Earnings
£

(2,368,362)
(2,368,362)

Weighted average 
Number of shares
£

85,262,488
85,262,488

                                                                                                                                 2019 Previously 

Basic EPS
Diluted EPS

Earnings
£

(2,118,390)
(2,118,390)

Weighted average 
Number of shares
£

85,262,488
85,262,488

Loss per-share 
Pence 

(2.78) 
(2.78) 

Loss per-share 
Pence 

(2.49) 
(2.49) 

As at 31 December 2020 there were 8,032,907 (2019: 7,765,907) outstanding share options and 323,969 (2019: 324,019) outstanding 
share warrants.  

47

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

10. Intangible assets 

Group

Cost
At 30 November 2018
Additions
Disposals

At 31 December 2019
Additions
Disposals

At 31 December 2020

Amortisation 
At 30 November 2018
Amortisation charge for the period

At 31 December 2019
Amortisation charge for the period

At 31 December 2020

Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2020
At 31 December 2019

The company had no intangible assets  

Development  
Costs and  
Patents 
£ 

2,727,006 
594,924 
– 

3,321,930 
350,345 
– 

3,672,275 

473,917 
215,235 

689,152 
247,502 

936,654 

2,735,621 
2,632,778 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 48

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

11. Property, plant and equipment 

Cost
At 30 November 2018
Additions
Disposals

At 31 December 2019
Additions
Disposals

At 31 December 2020

Depreciation
At 30 November 2018
Charge for the year

At 31 December 2019
Charge for the period

At 31 December 2020

Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2020
At 31 December 2019

Group 
£ 

8,461 
– 
– 

8,461 
– 
– 

8,461 

5,318 
2,750 

8,068 
393 

8,461 

– 
393 

The company had no property plant and equipment.  

12. Investments 

Group Investments  

Set out below is the investment in Skinbiotherapeutics PLC which is material to the Group. The investment treated as an associate 
of the group until 2 November 2020, after which time the shareholding dropped to 24.65% and has been recalculated as an equity 
investment. The entity listed below have share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares, which are held by the Group. The country 
of incorporation is also the principal place of business and the proportion of ownership interest is the same as the proportion of 
voting rights held. 

49

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

12. Investments (continued)

Available for sale investments 
At the beginning of the period
Additions 
Revaluations
Disposals
Share of loss 
Disposal of shares during period
Prior year adjustment

At 31 December

Company Investments  

Available for sale investments 
At the beginning of the period
Additions 
Revaluations
Disposal of shares during period

Investments in subsidiary undertakings 
At the beginning of the period
Addition: Equity element of convertible loan notes

At 31 December

2020
£ 

2019 
£  

2,842,834

3,740,799 

7,120,962

(303,448)
(697,784)
–

8,962,564

2020
£ 

– 

(296,344) 
(351,649) 
(249,972) 

2,842,834 

2019 
£  

4,131,651

4,483,300 

5,528,696
(697,783)

8,962,564

2,080,905
–

2,080,905

11,043,469

– 
(351,649) 

4,131,651 

2,051,000 
29,905 

2,080,905 

6,212,556 

As at 31 December 2020 the Company directly held the following subsidiaries: 

                                                                                                      Country of
                                                                                                      incorporation
Name of company                              Principal activities                    and place of business

Proportion of 
equity interest 
2018 

OptiBiotix Limited                              Research & Development          United Kingdom

100% of ordinary shares 

The Healthy Weight Loss                     Health foods                            United Kingdom
Company Limited 

68% of ordinary shares 

ProBiotix Health Ltd                           Health foods                            United Kingdom

100% of ordinary shares 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 50

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

13. Inventories 

                                                                                                  Group                                                Company 
                                                                                    2020                        2019                        2020
                                                                                         £                             £                             £

Finished goods                                                            184,236                     62,761                             –

2019 
£ 

– 

During the period £643,428 (2019: £352,080) has been expensed to the income statement. 

14. Trade and other Receivables 

                                                                                                  Group                                                Company 
                                                                                    2020                        2019                        2020
                                                                                         £                             £                             £

2019 
£ 

Non-current 
Amounts owed by group undertakings                                    –                             –                   329,057

                                                                                          –                             –                   329,057

Current 
Accounts receivable                                                    512,437                   511,833                             –
Other receivables                                                       110,634                     59,346                     71,278
Prepayments and accrued income                                  22,752                     36,129                     18,142

                                                                                645,823                   607,308                     89,420

5,941,360 

5,941,360 

– 
19,857 
4,850 

24,707 

15. Cash and Cash Equivalents 

                                                                                                  Group                                                Company 
                                                                                    2020                        2019                        2020
                                                                                         £                             £                             £

Cash and bank balances                                               864,680                   455,608                   532,769

2019 
£ 

139,243 

16. Called Up Share Capital 

Issued share capital comprises: 

Ordinary shares of 2p each – 87,940,601 (2019: 85,440,551)

2020
£

1,758,812

1,758,812

2019 
£ 

1,708,811 

1,708,811 

51

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

16. Called Up Share Capital (continued) 

During the period the Company issued the ordinary shares of £0.02 each listed below, exercised at a price of £0.08 per share in the 
capital of the Company following the exercise of warrants: 

Total warrants exercised in the period

17. Reserves 

Date issued

03/06/2020

Number 

50 

50 

Share capital is the amount subscribed for shares at nominal value. Share premium represents amounts subscribed for share capital 
in excess of nominal value, net of expenses. 

The convertible debt reserve is the equity component of the convertible loan notes that have been issued. 

Merger relief reserve arises from the 100% acquisition of OptiBiotix Limited on 5 August 2014 whereby the excess of the fair value 
of the issued ordinary share capital issued over the nominal value of these shares is transferred to this reserve in accordance with 
section 612 of the Companies Act 2006. 

Retained earnings represents the cumulative profits and losses of the group attributable to the owners of the company. 

Share based payment reserve represents the cumulative amounts charged in respect of unsettled warrants and options issued. 

18. Trade and other payables 

Current: 
                                                                                                   Group                                                Company 
                                                                                    2020                        2019                        2020
                                                                                         £                             £                             £

Accounts Payable                                                        359,321                   347,822                     40,174
Accrued expenses                                                      157,039                   186,329                     22,750
Amount due to director                                                        –                         189                             –
Other payables                                                              2,635                     27,284                             –
Amounts due to group undertakings                                       –                             –                             –

Total trade and other payables                                     518,995                   561,624                     62,924

2019 
£ 

2,685 
32,500 
– 
– 
250,000 

285,185 

19.  Deferred Tax 

Deferred tax is provided, using the liability method, on temporary differences at the statement of financial position date between 
the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes. 

Deferred tax is calculated in full on temporary differences under the liability method using a tax rate of 19% (2019: 19%). 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 52

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

19.  Deferred Tax (continued)

The movement on the deferred tax account is as shown below: 

At 31 December 2019 
Movement in the period

At 31 December 2020

2020
£

522,350
39,173

561,523

2019 
£ 

446,162 
76,188 

522,350 

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of tax losses and other temporary differences giving rise to deferred tax 
assets as the directors believe there is uncertainty whether the assets are recoverable. 

20. Convertible Loan Notes  

ProBiotix Health Limited issued 1,025,000 floating rate convertible loan notes (CLN) for £1,025,000 on 11 December 2018. The notes 
are convertible into ordinary shares of the Company and converted into shares immediately prior to the occurrence of a listing of 
the company, or repayable on December 2023. The conversion rate is 1 share for each note held at an amount which is equal to 
50% of the listing price.  
OptiBiotix Health Plc has subscribed 250,000 of the CLN for £250,000  
The convertible notes are presented in the Group balance sheet as follows: 

Balance brought forward
Additions
Equity element
Liability component 
Interest charged at effective interest rate

Non-current liability

2020
£

726,805
–
–
726,805
44,954

771,759

2019 
£ 

- 
775,050 
(92,712) 
682,338 
44,467 

726,805 

Interest expense is calculated by applying the effective interest rate of 6% to the liability component.  

21. Related Party Disclosures 

During the year to 31 December 2020 £18,000 (2019: £19,548) was paid to P Wennstrom in respect of Director’s services provided. 
During the year to 31 December 2020 £184,132 (2019: £139,105) was paid to F Narbel in respect of Director’s services provided. 
During  the  year  to  31  December  2020  £104,680  (2019:  £116,966)  was  paid  to  Stephen  Prescott  in  respect  of  Director’s 
services provided.  
During the year to 31 December 2020 £24,996 (2019: £29,165) was paid to Reyco Limited for the services of Adam Reynolds as 
Director of ProBiotix Health Limited. 
During the year to 31 December 2020 the Group was charged £42,000 (2019: £45,500) for services provided by Morrison Kingsley 
Consultants Limited, a company controlled by Mark Collingbourne, Chief Financial Officer. 
During the year Optibiotix Health PLC loaned Probiotix limited £125,000. The balance owing at the 31 December 2020 was £80,119 
(2019, £NIL). There was no interest charged during the year. 

At the year end Probiotix Health limited owed Optibiotix Health Plc £248,938 (2019, £234,438) for   convertible loan notes issued on 
11 December 2018 (see note 20). Interest at 6% was charged during the year. 

53

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

21. Related Party Disclosures (continued)

During the year Optibiotix Health PLC loaned Optibiotix Limited £1,003,905, of which £159,161 was repaid. The balance at the year 
end of £6,301,666 (2019, £5,456,922 was cancelled. This does not impact on the consolidated Group accounts. 

22. Ultimate Controlling Party 

No one shareholder has control of the company. 

23. Share Based payment Transactions 

(i) Share options 

The Company had introduced a share option programme to grant share options as an incentive for employees of the former 
subsidiaries. 

Each share option converts into one ordinary share of the Company on exercise.  No amounts are paid or payable by the recipient 
on receipt of the option and the Company has no legal obligation to repurchase or settle the options in cash. The options carry 
neither rights to dividends nor voting rights prior to the date on which the options are exercised. Options may be exercised at any 
time from the date of vesting to the date of expiry. 

Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows: 

                                                                                       Number of options                                 Average exercise price 
                                                                                    2020                        2019                        2020
                                                                                      No.                         No.                             £

2019 
£ 

Outstanding at the beginning of the period                 7,765,907                 8,272,907                         0.20
Granted during the period                                           300,000                   500,000                         0.57
Forfeited/cancelled during the year                                (33,000)               (1,007,000)                      0.695
Exercised during the period                                                                                  –                                

Outstanding at the end of the period                         8,032,907                 7,765,907                         0.21

0.23 
0.78 
0.70 

0.20 

For the share options issued in 2014 vesting conditions dictate that half will vest if the middle market quotation of an existing 
Ordinary share is 16p or more on each day during any period. 

of at least 30 consecutive Dealing days and half will vest when a commercial contract is signed. The two conditions are not dependent 
on each other and will vest separately.  

For the share options issued in 2015 year vesting conditions dictate that some of the options will vest if the middle market quotation 
of an existing Ordinary share is 40p or more on each day during any period of at least 30 consecutive Dealing days and some will 
vest if certain revenue targets are met or if certain scientific studies are completed. The conditions are not dependent on each other 
and will vest separately.  

For the share options issues in 2017 vesting conditions dictate that the options will vest if certain revenue conditions are met. 

For the share options issues in 2018 vesting conditions dictate that the options will vest if certain revenue conditions are met. 

For the share options issues in 2019 vesting conditions dictate that the options will vest if certain revenue conditions are met. 

For the share options issues in 2020 vesting conditions dictate that the options will vest if certain revenue conditions are met. 

The share options outstanding at the period end had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1,639 days (2019: 1,977 days) 
and the maximum term is 10 years. 

The share price per share at 31/12/20 was £0.55 (31/12/2019: £0.66) 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 54

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

23. Share Based payment Transactions (continued)

(i) Share options 

Expected volatility is based on a best estimate for an AIM listed entity. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based 
on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. 

The fair values of the share options issued in the year were derived using the Black Scholes model. The following assumptions were 
used in the calculations: 

Grant date
Exercise price
Share price at grant date
Risk-free rate
Volatility
Expected life
Fair value

(ii) Warrants 

02/06/2020 
57p 
57p 
0.25% 
35% 
10 years 
24p 

On 20 February 2014, an open offer was made to the potential investors to subscribe for 203,380,942 new ordinary shares of £0.0001 
each at £0.0001 each. On a 1:1 basis, warrants attach to any shares issued under the open offer convertible at any time to 30 November 
2018 at £0.0004 per shares. 

On 4 August 2014, the warrants in issue were consolidated in the ratio of 200:1 as part of the share reorganisation. 

At a meeting of warrant holders on 24 January 2017 it was agreed to extend the exercise period for all remaining warrants to 
28 January 2022 and 19 February 2022 

Movements in the number of share warrants outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows: 

                                                                                      Number of warrants                                Average exercise price 
                                                                                    2020                        2019                        2020
                                                                                      No.                         No.                             £

2019 
£ 

Outstanding at the beginning of the period                    329,386                 1,045,524                         0.08
Exercised during the period                                                (50)                 (716,138)                        0.08

Outstanding at the end of the period                            329,336                   329,386                         0.08

0.08 
0.08 

0.08 

A charge of £127,248 (2019: £137,320) has been recognised during the year for the share based payments over the vesting period. 

24. Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies 

The Group’s financial instruments comprise cash balances and receivables and payables that arise directly from its operations. 

The main risks the Group faces are liquidity risk and capital risk. 

The Board regularly reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks. The Group’s policies for managing these risks are 
summarised below and have been applied throughout the period. The numerical disclosures exclude short-term debtors and their 
carrying amount is considered to be a reasonable approximation of their fair value. 

Interest risk 

The Group is not exposed to significant interest rate risk as it has limited interest bearing liabilities at the year end. 

55

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

24. Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies (continued)

Credit risk 

The Group is not exposed to significant credit risk as it did not make any credit sales during the year. 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that Group will encounter difficulty in meeting these obligations associated with financial liabilities. 

The responsibility for liquidity risks management rest with the Board of Directors, which has established appropriate liquidity risk 
management framework for the management of the Group’s short term and long-term funding risks management requirements. 

During the period under review, the Group has not utilised any borrowing facilities. 

The Group manages liquidity risks by maintaining adequate reserves and reserve borrowing facilities by continuously monitoring 
forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. 

Capital risk 

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns 
for shareholders and benefits to other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 

25. Post Balance Sheet Events 

On 16 March 2021 the company sold 1,300,000 shares in Skinbiotherapeutics plc at a price of 44.91 pence per share. 

On 17 March 2021 the company sold 700,000 shares in Skinbiotherapeutics plc at a price of 45.43 pence per share. 

On 15 April 2021 Mr Stephen Hammond, a recently appointed Non-Executive Director of the Company (RNS 2nd February 2021), 
acquired 25,000 ordinary shares in the Company, representing 0.03% of the Company’s issued share capital, at an average price of 
51.8 pence per share. 

On 20 April 2021, Stephen O’Hara (Director and CEO of OptiBiotix Health plc) acquired 47,857 shares at an average price of 53 pence 
per share. Following this purchase Stephen Ohara owns 10,165,129 shares representing 11.61% of the issued share capital. 

On  20  April  2021,  René  Kamminga  (PDMR  and  CEO  of  OptiBiotix  Limited)  acquired  35,000  ordinary  shares  in  the  company 
representing 0.04% of the company’s issued share capital at an average price of 52.4 pence per share.

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 56

Notice of Annual General Meeting

OPTIBIOTIX HEALTH PLC

Dear Shareholder, 

Optibiotix Health plc (AIM: OPTI), is pleased to announce that the Company's Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) will be held at the 
offices of Walbrook PR Ltd, 4 Lombard Street, London, EC3V 9HD on 09 July 2021 at 10:30 am. The formal notice of the Annual General 
Meeting is appended to this letter. 

The Board takes its responsibility to safeguard the health of its shareholders, stakeholders and employees seriously. As a result of the 
current measures implemented by the UK Government therefore, attendance at its AGM will be limited to two persons. Shareholders 
may not attend in person. If the UK Government changes the measures before the date of the AGM, the Company will provide a 
further update. 

Shareholders wishing to vote on matters of business are urged to do so via the completion of a proxy form. In line with corporate 
governance best practice, and in order that any proxy votes of those shareholders who are not allowed to attend, and to vote in 
person, are fully reflected in the voting on the resolutions, the Chairman of the meeting will direct that voting on all resolutions set 
out in the notice of meeting will take place by way of a poll. The final poll vote on each resolution will be published after the AGM 
on  the  Company's  website.  The  Company  will  accept  electronic  copies  or  photographs  of  the  form  of  proxy  by  email  to 
voting@shareregistrars.uk.com. 

As shareholders will not be able to attend this year's AGM, the Company is proposing to allow shareholders the opportunity to raise 
any questions arising from the business proposed, to be conducted at the meeting. Appropriate questions must be submitted via 
the “Contact” page of the Company website http://optibiotix.com/contact  before 10:30am on 7 July 2021. The company will aim to  
post responses  on the Company's website on the day of the AGM. 

Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of OptiBiotix Health PLC (the “Company”) will be held at the offices of 
Walbrook PR Ltd, 4 Lombard Street, London, EC3V 9HD on 09 July 2021 at 10:30 am for the following purposes: 

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

To receive the Company’s Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

To re-elect Sean Christie, who retires by rotation, as a Director. 

To re-elect Sofia Kolyda, who retires by rotation, as a Director 

 To re-elect Christopher Brinsmead who retires by rotation as a Director  

To re-elect Stephen Hammond who retires by rotation as a Director 

To re-appoint Jeffrey’s Henry LLP as auditors of the Company and to authorise the Directors to determine their remuneration. 

Special Business 

To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions as to the resolution numbered 7 as an Ordinary Resolution and as 
to the resolutions numbered 8 as Special Resolutions: 

7.

THAT the Directors be and they are hereby authorised generally and unconditionally for the purposes of Section 551 of the 
Companies Act 2006 (the “Act”) to exercise all powers of the Company to allot shares in the Company or to grant rights to 
subscribe for, or to convert any security into, shares in the Company (such shares and/or rights being “Relevant Securities”) 
up to an aggregate nominal amount of £586,270.67 being one third of the current issued share capital, provided that this 
authority shall, unless renewed, varied or revoked by the Company, expire on the date being the earlier of the date 15 months 
after the passing of this Resolution and the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2022, 
save that the Company may, before such expiry, make offers or agreements which would or might require Relevant Securities 
to be allotted and the Directors may allot Relevant Securities in pursuance of such offer or agreement notwithstanding that 
the authority conferred by this Resolution has expired. 

This authority shall be in substitution for and shall replace any existing authority pursuant to Section 551 of the Act to the 
extent not utilised at the date this resolution is passed. 

57

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Notice of Annual General Meeting (continued)

8.

THAT, subject to and conditional upon the passing of resolution 7, the Directors be and they are hereby generally empowered 
pursuant to Section 570 of the Act to allot equity securities (as defined in Section 560 of the Act) for cash pursuant to the 
authority conferred under Resolution 7 above as if sub-section 561(1) of the Act did not apply to such allotment, provided 
that this power shall be limited to:- 

(a)

(b)

the allotment of equity securities in connection with a rights issue or any pre-emptive offer in favour of holders 
of ordinary shares in the Company where the equity securities attributable to the respective interests of such 
holders are proportionate (as nearly as maybe) to the respective numbers of ordinary shares held by them on the 
record date for such allotment subject to such exclusions or other arrangements as the Directors may deem 
necessary or expedient to deal with fractional entitlements or any legal or practical difficulties under the laws of, 
or the requirements of, any regulatory body or stock exchange of any overseas territory or otherwise; 

the allotment (otherwise than pursuant to sub-paragraph (a) above) of equity securities up to an aggregate 
nominal value of £527,643.60  being 30% of the current issued share capital; 

and shall expire on the date being the earlier of the date 15 months after the passing of this Resolution and the conclusion 
of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2022, provided that the Company may before such expiry 
make an offer or agreement which would require equity securities to be allotted in pursuance of such offer or agreement as 
if the power conferred hereby had not expired and provided further that this authority shall be in substitution for and 
supersede and revoke any earlier power given to directors. 

By Order of the Board

Stephen O’Hara
16 June 2021 

Registered Office: 
Innovation Centre 
Innovation Way 
Heslington 
York 
YO10 5DG 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 58

Explanatory Notes to the  
Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notes:

1.

2.

3.

4.

A member of the Company is entitled to appoint a proxy or proxies to attend, speak and vote at the meeting in his stead. A 
member may appoint more than one proxy provided each proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to different shares. 
A member may not appoint more than one proxy to exercise rights attached to any one share. A proxy does not need to be 
a  member  of  the  Company.  Given  the  current  Coronavirus  (COVID-19)  situation,  and  to  ensure  adherence  to  current 
Government requirements, attendance in person at the meeting will not be possible this year. Shareholders are requested 
to appoint the Chairman of the meeting as his or her proxy as any other person so appointed will not be permitted to attend 
the meeting. The below notes are to be read subject to this COVID-19 related proviso. 

To be effective Forms of Proxy must be duly completed and returned so as to reach the Share Registrars Ltd, The Courtyard, 
17 West Street, Farnham, Surrey, GU9 7DR no later than 10:30am on 7 July 2021 

To change your proxy instructions simply submit a new proxy appointment using the methods set out above and in the 
notes to the Form of Proxy. Note that the cut-off times for receipt of proxy appointments (see above) also apply in relation 
to amended instructions; any amended proxy appointment received after the relevant cut-off time will be disregarded. 

To be entitled to vote at the meeting (and for the purpose of the determination by Company of the number of votes they 
may cast), members must be entered in the Register of members at 10:30am  on 7 July 2021 (“the specified time”). If the 
meeting is adjourned to a time not more than 48 hours after the specified time applicable to the original meeting, that time 
will also apply for the purpose of determining the entitlement of members to attend and vote (and for the purpose of 
determining the number of votes they may cast) at the adjourned meeting.  If however the meeting is adjourned for a longer 
period then, to be so entitled, members must be entered on the Company’s Register of Members at the time which is not 
less than 48 hours before the time fixed for the adjourned meeting or, if the Company gives notice of the adjourned meeting, 
at the time specified in that notice. 

Resolution 1 

The Directors are required by law to present to the meeting the Audited Accounts and Directors’ Report for the period ended 
31 December 2020. 

Resolutions 2-3 

Each of the Company’s Directors listed in this resolution offer themselves up for re-appointment under the terms of the Company’s 
articles of association which state that each director must offer himself or herself up for re-appointment every three years. 

Resolutions 4-5 

Each of the Company’s Directors listed in this resolution was appointed by the Board after the last Annual General Meeting of the 
Company. Under the terms of the Company’s articles of association any Director appointed as an additional director after the last 
Annual General Meeting must resign at the next Annual General Meeting and may offer himself or herself for re-appointment. Each 
of the Directors of the Company listed in these resolutions is offering himself for re-appointment. 

Resolution 6 

The  Auditors  are  required  to  be  re-appointed  at  each  Annual  General  Meeting  at  which  the  Company’s  Audited  Accounts 
are presented. 

59

OptiBiotix Health Plc 

 
Explanatory Notes to the Notice of Annual General Meeting (continued)

Resolution 7 

Under the Act, the Directors may only allot shares if authorised to do so. Whilst the current authority has not yet expired, it is customary 
to grant a new authority at each Annual General Meeting. Accordingly, this resolution will be proposed as an ordinary resolution to 
grant a new authority to allot or grant rights over up to £586,270.67 in nominal value of the Company’s unissued share capital. If 
given, this authority will expire at the Company’s next annual general meeting following the date of the resolution. Although the 
Directors currently have no present intention of exercising this authority, passing this resolution will allow the Directors flexibility to 
act in the best interests of the Company’s shareholders when opportunities arise. 

Resolution 8 

The Directors require additional authority from the Company’s shareholders to allot shares where they propose to do so for cash 
and otherwise than to the Company’s shareholders pro rata to their holdings. This resolution will give the Directors power to issue 
new ordinary shares for cash other than to the Company’s shareholders on a pro rata basis  

(i)

(ii)

by way of a rights or similar issue or 

with a nominal value of up to £527,643.60. This resolution will be proposed as a special resolution. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 60

optibiotix.com

To find out more please contact OptiBiotix on:

  info@optibiotix.com

OptiBiotix Health Plc   |  Innovation Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, YO10 5DG, UK.
OptiBiotix Health Plc

© 2018 OptiBiotix Health Plc. 
All rights reserved.