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Telkonet Inc.

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FY2018 Annual Report · Telkonet Inc.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018

Commission file number: 001-31972

TELKONET, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Utah
 (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)

87-0627421
 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

20800 Swenson Drive Suite 175, Waukesha, WI
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

53186
(Zip Code)

(414) 302-2299

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities Registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Title of each class
None

Name of each exchange on which registered
None

Securities Registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $.001 par value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. o Yes  x No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(b) of the Act. o Yes  x No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o
No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). x Yes   o No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to the best of
Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
(Check one)

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Emerging growth company

o
þ
o

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company

o
þ

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial
accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)  o Yes  x No

Aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates (based upon the closing sale price of $0.13 per share on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board) of the registrant
as of June 30, 2018: $17,418,689.

Number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s par value $0.001 common stock as of March 26, 2019: 134,793,211.

Part III is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 23, 2019.

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
FORM 10-K
 INDEX

Part I

Item 1.

Description of Business

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

Part II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Registrant’s Purchases of Securities

Selected Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.

Item 9.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

Item 9B.

Other Information

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

Part III

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Item 14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16.

Form 10-K Summary

Signatures

Part IV

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 ITEM 1.  DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS.

 PART I

Some of the statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K discuss future expectations, contain projections of results of operations or financial condition or state
other  “forward-looking”  information.  Those  statements  include  statements  regarding  the  intent,  belief  or  current  expectations  of  Telkonet,  Inc.  (“we,”  “us,”  “our”  or  the
“Company”)  and  our  management  team.  Words  such  as  “expects,”  “anticipates,”  “targets,”  “goals,”  “projects,”  “intends,”  “plans,”  “believes,”  “seeks,”  “estimates,”
“continues,” “may,” and variations of these words, as well as similar expressions, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that
refer to projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth, trends in our businesses, and other characterizations of future events or circumstances are
forward-looking statements. Any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ
materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to those risks and uncertainties set forth in Item 1A
of this report. In light of the significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this report, the inclusion of such statements should not be
regarded as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives and plans will be achieved.

Business

GENERAL

Telkonet, Inc. (the “Company”, “Telkonet”), formed in 1999 and incorporated under the laws of the state of Utah, is the creator of the EcoSmart smart energy management
platform, designed to reduce heating, ventilation and air conditioning (“HVAC”) runtimes, reduce energy consumption, and engage users. The platform is deployed primarily in
the hospitality, student housing, military barracks, senior living and public housing markets, and is specified by engineers, HVAC professionals, building owners, and building
operators. We currently operate in a single reportable business segment.

In October of 2016, the Company, under the direction and authority of the Board of Directors (the “Board”), committed to a plan to offer for sale Ethostream LLC, High-Speed
Internet Access (“HSIA”) subsidiary. While EthoStream is one of the largest public HSIA providers in the world, providing services to more than 12.0 million users monthly
across a network of approximately 1,800 locations, the Company will focus on its higher growth potential EcoSmart Platform line. As a result of this decision to sell Ethostream
LLC, the operating results of Ethostream for the year ended December 31, 2017 have been reclassified as discontinued operations and as assets and liabilities held for sale, as
applicable, in the consolidated financial statements. The sale closed on March 29, 2017.

Unless otherwise noted, all financial information in this Form 10-K will reflect results from the Company’s continuing operations.

Telkonet’s EcoSmart Platform is comprised of four primary pillars:

ECOSMART

·

·

·

·

EcoSmart Product Suite: The suite of intelligent hardware products designed and developed to provide monitoring, management and reporting over individual and
grouped energy consumption throughout building environments. Products include thermostats, sensors, switches, and outlets.

EcoCentral: The cloud-based dashboard that provides visualization and remote management of Telkonet’s monitoring, reporting and  analytics through deployed
EcoSmart and integrated products. EcoCentral is the intelligence behind the EcoSmart platform.

EcoCare: Telkonet’s professional support and maintenance services including 24/7 monitoring, engineering, analytics, reporting,  software and hardware updates,
extended warranty, project and relationship management and onsite support. All professional support and maintenance staff reside in Telkonet’s headquarters.

EcoSmart  Mobile: iOS  and Android  applications  provided  by  Telkonet  to  its  partners,  customers  and  end  users  and  guests  enabling  provisioning,  management,
access and control over EcoSmart deployments and functionality.

1

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  EcoSmart  Platform  provides  comprehensive  energy  and  operational  savings,  management  monitoring,  reporting,  analytics  of  a  property  or  individual  room  by  adding
intelligence to HVAC runtimes and through integrations with door locks, lighting, window coverings, and more end-user attributes. Telkonet has deployed more than 600,000
intelligent  devices  worldwide  in  properties  and  buildings  within  the  hospitality,  military,  educational,  healthcare  and  other  commercial  markets.  The  EcoSmart  Platform  is
rapidly becoming a leading solution for reducing energy consumption, operational costs and carbon footprints, and eliminating the need for new energy generation in these
markets – all while engaging and delighting guests.

Controlling energy consumption  can  make  a  significant  impact  on  a  building’s  bottom  line,  as  HVAC  costs  represent  a  substantial  portion  of  a  facility’s  overall  utility  bill.
Hospitality  is  a  key  market  for  Telkonet. According  to  the  EPA  EnergySTAR  Portfolio  Manager  2015  analysis,  the  median  hotel  uses  approximately  187  kBtu/ft2  from  all
energy sources.[1] On average, America’s approximately 47,000 hotels spend $2,196 per available room each year on energy, representing 3% - 6% of all operating costs and
60% of carbon emissions[2]. Telkonet approaches the opportunity to reduce consumed energy by adding intelligence to a property’s HVAC and lighting systems.

Energy  is  often  wasted  through  the  lighting,  powering,  heating  and  cooling  of  unoccupied  spaces.  These  spaces  with  intermittent  occupancy  constitute  Telkonet’s  target
markets, and our experience, supported by independent research and customer data, suggests these rooms are unoccupied as much as 70% of the time.

EcoSmart Product Suite

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

EcoTouch Thermostat: As one of the newest additions to Telkonet’s suite of hardware, the EcoTouch is an all touch capacitive thermostat  interface available in
wired and wireless models offering a premium aesthetic. The EcoTouch allows building owners to match  the thermostat with the design of their room by changing
the color of the outer edge and by selecting between black or white options.

EcoInsight Thermostat: A programmable and controllable wired thermostat with over 125 configurable settings used to control the efficiency of HVAC through
the use of environment variables and triggers.

EcoAir  Thermostat: A  wireless  thermostat  mirroring  the  EcoInsight  footprint  while  enabling  the  relocation  of  in  room  controls  without  the usual  construction
expense and downtime.

EcoSource Controller: The remote HVAC control device associated with Telkonet’s thermostat interfaces allowing control while removing  the need for expensive
rewiring and construction. The EcoSource may also be used for third-party integrations, monitoring and control scenarios.

EcoSmart  VRF Controller: The newest product in the EcoSmart Suite, the VRF Controller works with most of the new variable refrigerant systems  coming  to
market. The devices replace the EcoSource where discrete relays are not available.

EcoConnect  Bridge: An  Ethernet  to  Zigbee  bridge  that  serves  as  the  coordinator  for  all  EcoSmart  devices  connected  to  the  intelligent  automation network,
managing approximately 30 - 70 device connections each.

EcoCommander Gateway: EcoSmart’s network-edge gateway server that provides real-time proactive data aggregation, analytics, reporting and management of
the EcoSmart product suite.

EcoSense Occupancy Sensor: A remote occupancy sensor that monitors environments with ultra, high-sensitive sensors designed to detect motion or body heat. All
sensors are programmed to ensure accurate occupancy detection. The EcoSense Occupancy Sensor may be hardwired or programmed to communicate wirelessly
and may be battery operated or utilize external power.

EcoSwitch Light Switch: An EcoSmart energy management product with the appearance of a traditional ‘rocker’ light switch. Turning lights off, even for a short
time, saves energy and extends lamp life. The EcoSwitch can be used to compose and automate dramatic lighting scenes in a room.

EcoGuard Outlet: An EcoSmart control that acts as the replacement for an in-wall outlet and has the ability to monitor and control the flow of power to one or both
outlets. Based on occupancy, it can turn off lamps, televisions, appliances, and any other energy-consuming  loads that are plugged in, preventing a property from
consuming power in an empty room. The EcoGuard completely disconnects devices from the power supply, preventing lights and other in-room electronics from
needlessly consuming energy as well as providing monitoring of energy flow and efficiency when a plug is enabled.

EcoContact  Door &  Window  Sensor: A  remote,  wireless  door/window  contact  with  the  ability  to  provide  additional  occupancy  data  and control  HVAC
operability and other consumption measures when doors or windows are open.

_____________________
[1] Facility Type: Hotels - https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/tools/DataTrends_Hotel_20150129.pdf
[2] Hotels-Energy Star - http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/buildings/tools/SPP Sales Flyer for Hospitality and Hotels.pdf

2

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Several of these devices have been recently released in “Plus” models which provide greater functionality and increased capabilities.

EcoCentral

Telkonet’s EcoSmart Platform is a comprehensive solution for intelligent automation and energy management. The platform has a well-developed upgrade path with the final
and  complete  version  of  the  platform  offering  real-time  control  and  analytics  provided  through  a  cloud  computing  platform  called  EcoCentral.  EcoCentral  derives  its  name
through its ability to direct user resources to where they add the most value. From monitoring equipment operation and determining where engineering efforts are needed and
notifying  staff  when  performance  is  degrading,  EcoCentral  creates  a  comprehensive  tool  for  providing  insights  and  access  for  EcoSmart  Platform  deployments  either
individually or across an entire building portfolio.

EcoCare

EcoCare is Telkonet’s professional support services including call, email and chat support, repair and replacement services, periodic reporting, communication with customers’
utility and Internet Service Provider (“ISP”) partners and more. Telkonet provides three packages of EcoCare services as well as allows customers to create their own package
of services ala carte. EcoCare allows EcoSmart customers to ensure that they continue to recognize the savings estimated and benefit from the intended return on investment
(ROI). Typical EcoCare contracts range from one to five years and have automatic renewal terms built into each individual contract. All support staff are located at Telkonet’s
Waukesha, Wisconsin headquarters.

EcoSmart Mobile

Telkonet’s EcoMobile tools provide iOS and Android applications for use by partners, customers, end users or guests. These mobile tools extend the value of the EcoSmart
Platform and give greater functionality and more efficient commissioning and deployment abilities to the user. We have identified where, by providing more accessibility, we
can  create  additional  charged-for  services  that  increase  customer  savings,  improve  guest  experience  and  integrate  more  fully  with  customer  environments  to  create  a  tight
relationship with our customers.

Intelligent Energy Management

Telkonet’s  EcoSmart  energy  management  platform  applies  and  improves  building  intelligence  to  deliver  energy  and  cost  savings  through  controlling  lighting,  plugload  and
HVAC runtimes. Captured data may be presented on a grouped, property or room-by-room basis, allowing very granular management of in-room energy use and environmental
conditions. EcoSmart achieves this by leveraging our device platform, including occupancy sensors and intelligent programmable thermostats connected with packaged terminal
air conditioner (“PTAC”) controllers or any other terminal equipment HVAC products and managed wireless light switches and in wall electrical plugs to adjust and maintain
energy consumption including a room’s temperature according to occupancy, eliminating wasteful heating and cooling of unoccupied rooms. All of these can be accomplished
from the in-room devices or via any web-connected device, such as smart phones, tablets and laptop computers.

EcoSmart is an energy management platform that delivers optimal, individual room energy savings without compromising occupant comfort, due to a proprietary technology
named “Recovery Time”.

Recovery Time Technology

EcoSmart’s HVAC controls feature Recovery Time, technology designed to maximize energy efficiency without sacrificing occupant comfort. When a room is occupied, the
temperature selected by the occupant will be maintained by the EcoSmart system. Once an EcoSmart occupancy sensor determines that the room is unoccupied, the system
adjusts the room temperature using Recovery Time. Unlike other systems, Recovery Time technology constantly performs calculations that evaluate how far each individual
room’s temperature can drift from the occupant’s preferred setting (“set-point”), to harvest energy savings while still being able to return to the occupant’s set-point within a
customer’s pre-defined period of time.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
When determining the temperature setting, Recovery Time technology considers how long it will take to return the temperature to the occupant’s set-point once they return to
their room. The temperature will only drift far enough to ensure the system will return to the occupant’s preferred temperature setting within minutes upon their return to the
room. The specific length of recovery time is selected by property management at the time of the installation; however, it can be altered at any time by management.

How Do Other Systems Work?

In competing systems the occupant chooses their preferred temperature. When the occupant leaves, the thermostat reverts to a set-point of a fixed number of degrees different
than the preferred set temperature (lower in winter and higher in summer). In some products temperature gap is a fixed temperature selected by the property owner. Because
each occupant room will require different lengths of time to return to the occupant’s desired temperature, based on room size and orientation, whether blinds are open, outdoor
temperature, sun, and wind, the length of time required for the HVAC to return to temperature can vary dramatically and can often be prohibitive. Additionally, a dirty HVAC
filter or coil will reduce heat transfer, increasing that recovery time.

EcoSmart Delivers Room-by-Room Savings

Because  each  room’s  environment  is  unique,  Telkonet’s  approach  is  likewise  unique.  Rooms  are  evaluated  independently  in  real-time  to  determine  its  energy  efficient
temperature, or setback. Recovery Time technology constantly calculates in real-time how far the room temperature can drift, by taking into consideration the environmental
characteristics that impact the temperature in the room, including:

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

The occupant’s preferred temperature setting

The location of the room within the building

The window placement – facing the sun or shade

If the drapes are open or closed

If the climate is dry or humid

The varying weather conditions throughout the day

The condition of the HVAC unit, such as age and efficiency

Through the constant monitoring of the HVAC unit’s ability to drive the temperature and the real-time adjustment of the setback temperature, rooms are never excessively hot
or cold when an occupant returns to the room. The room will always be just minutes away from an occupant’s desired comfort setting. As a result, Recovery Time technology
delivers  room-by-room,  occupant-by-occupant  savings.  The  technology  also  significantly  improves  the  guest  experience,  driving  loyalty  to  the  property  and  brand,  and
decreases service calls.

The EcoSmart Platform maximizes energy reductions while at the same time ensuring occupant comfort, maximizing energy savings and extending equipment life expectancy.
The technology is particularly attractive to customers in the hospitality industry, as well as the education, healthcare, public housing and government/military markets, who are
constantly seeking ways to reduce costs and meet federal and state mandates without impacting building occupant comfort.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Using  standard  communication  protocols,  ensuring  widespread  adoption  and  a  simple  interface,  EcoSmart  technology  may  also  be  integrated  with  utility  controls,  property
management systems and building automation systems to be used in load shedding initiatives. This feature provides management companies and utilities enhanced opportunities
for cost savings, environmental protections and energy management. Additionally, Telkonet’s energy management systems qualify for most state and federal energy efficiency
and rebate programs.

Competitive Advantages

We believe our intelligent automation platform, with our proprietary Recovery Time technology, delivers extensive differentiation against competing products, including:

·

·

·

Technology that evaluates each room’s environmental conditions results in maximum energy savings;

The ability to reduce HVAC runtimes increases overall equipment life;

Increased occupant control and comfort, driving brand and property loyalty;

· Multiple thermostat options, including wired and wireless, to fit a brand’s image and application;

·

Backlight of thermostat improves the experience for the visually impaired;

· Web-based access with extremely powerful and simple dashboard web interface;

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

Breadth of HVAC system compatibility;

Adaptive learning and system programming;

Utility-integrated events capabilities;

Remote HVAC control network;

Expert EcoCare support, staffed in the USA;

Plug load, lighting and HVAC controls;

Extensive 3rd-party integrations, including lighting, door locks, and window treatments;

Industry standard software and communication protocols, Linux and ZigBee;

Typical two or three-year ROI; and

· Mobile applications provide installation, remote management and end-user accessibility.

5

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our open, scalable and standards-based architecture approach allows for truly custom deployments. The EcoSmart Platform integrates seamlessly with back-office management
systems, property management systems, building automation systems, and utility demand/response programs, as well as additional third-party network architecture to recognize
increased efficiency and savings.

Based  on  these  platform  features  and  capabilities,  we’ve  been  awarded,  and  continue  to  receive,  contracts  in  the  hospitality,  military,  educational,  multiple  dwelling  unit
(“MDU”), healthcare and commercial industries. In addition, our relationships with utility-sponsored direct-install and rebate-funded programs provide us with a significant
advantage over our competitors in the commercial space.

Given the population growth in the United States and the increasing demand for energy, we forecast additional energy-related infrastructure will be needed. We believe the use
of  Smart  Grid  technologies  and  energy  efficiency  management  platforms  are  affordable  alternatives  to  building  additional  power  generation  through  leveraging  existing
resources and providing enhanced energy savings costs.

Target Markets

Rooms with intermittent occupancy are most commonly found in the following market sectors:

· Hospitality: hotels, motels, resorts, timeshares and casinos.

·

Educational: residence halls, dormitories and other campus living options. Also K-12 environments with distributed and portable classrooms.

· Military: residence halls, barracks, apartments and other campus living options.

· Health care: medical office buildings, assisted and independent living facilities.

·

Public Housing: apartments and other public living options.

Industry and Market Overview

According  to  the  U.S.  Department  of  Energy,  44%  of  all  the  energy  consumed  by  commercial  buildings  in  the  United  States  is  employed  to  cool,  heat,  or  light,  within
commercial buildings. [3] In an effort to remain competitive and manage expenses, governments, building owners, building tenants, and companies in general are looking for
ways to become more efficient both fiscally and environmentally. The American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy reported that the cost of saving one unit of energy
through energy efficiency is one-fifth (1/5) the cost required to generate that same unit of energy. As a result, we feel that the growth opportunities in the energy management
market are in their infancy.

A  2017  report  issued  by  Navigant  Research,  titled,  “Energy  Efficient  Buildings  Global  Outlook”,  stated  that  the  global  market  for  energy  efficient  building  technologies  is
expected to reach nearly $360.6 billion in 2026.[4] The report asserts that the Internet-of-Things (“IoT”) is partly responsible for one of the most dramatic changes to the market
landscape in its history, and that OEMs and providers are adjusting their strategies to address specific market needs. HVAC has been identified as one of nine key categories.

Telkonet’s key industries are all prime candidates for energy management, in part due to their utilizing energy “on-demand” or intermittently. Providing energy, and engaging
the equipment to supply it, to those rooms and spaces only when occupied results in significant energy savings in addition to affording longer life and reduced maintenance to
the HVAC systems.
 _____________________

[3] U.S Energy Information Administration - www.eia.gov/energyexplained/images/charts/energy_use_commercial_bldgs.jpg
[4] Energy Efficient Buildings: Global Outlook - https://www.navigantresearch.com/research/energy-efficient-buildings-global-outlook

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Education Industry

Telkonet  approaches  the  education  industry  with  strategic  relationships  with  enterprise  energy  service  companies  (“ESCOs’)  throughout  the  USA.  Telkonet  partners  with
ESCOs to include our EcoSmart energy management platform for deployment within residence halls on university campuses. The ESCOs bundle our technology with other
facility improvement measures designed to reduce operating costs across the entire campus, bundling solutions with acceptable ROI and which meet state mandated guidelines.
ESCOs also structure self-funding financial transactions called “Performance Contracts” in which the savings are greater than the repayment costs, typically guaranteeing the
financial and operational performance in this type of engagement. This type of approach can remove any capital expense barriers and improve adoption.

In addition to an installed base of University of California, Davis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Kansas State University, North Carolina State University, University
of Notre Dame, US Military Academy at West Point, Columbia University, and Texas A&M University-Commerce, we have recently added University of Houston – Victoria.

The opportunities in this market are not limited to higher education institutions. According to an NRG Business Energy Advisor report, schools in the United States spend $8
billion on energy costs annually, with 73% of natural gas use going towards heating and 35% of electricity consumption going towards cooling. While heating and cooling
account for only 2 – 4% of district costs, it is an opportunity for significant impact and gain.

We believe that our EcoSmart Platform is an important tool for participants in the education industry seeking to control student-related energy costs. We have focused our sales
efforts on members of the education industry who are seeking to expand their energy efficiency initiatives as well as the ESCOs who target the educational marketplace and
have thus far had success with at least one school district installing EcoSmart in each classroom throughout the district.

Hospitality Industry

There  is  a  constant  balancing  act  for  hotel  operators  between  managing  guest  comfort  and  operating  margins.  The  EcoSmart  platform’s  Recovery  Time  allows  operators  to
manage operation costs yet still provide for a comfortable and engaging guest experience. In fact, the EcoSmart platform individual brands and properties can create a desired
guest environment, and still allow for energy savings via the Recovery Time algorithm. Telkonet has proven that the EcoSmart platform can deliver a return on investment in
less than three years for hospitality customers.

Government & Military Industry

The Department of Defense (“DOD”) is the single largest energy consumer in the United States, accounting for about 90 percent of the federal government’s energy use and
using over 30,000 giga-watt hours of electricity per year. [5] Thus, we view this market as strategically significant to Telkonet’s interests.

Our energy management platform is already successfully incorporated into the energy initiatives in several military housing sites, military academies and barracks. Telkonet
benefited from and continues to make use of government funding and other government contracts to provide EcoSmart for use on military bases and other facilities, helping both
the DOD and the government as a whole achieve their long-term energy efficiency goals. 

 _____________________

[5] http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2007/8/defense%20lengyel/lengyel20070815.pdf

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Healthcare Industry

Healthcare  organizations  currently  spend  over  $6.5  billion  on  energy  each  year,  a  cost  which  continues  to  rise  in  an  effort  to  meet  patient  needs. [6]  This  is  viewed  as  an
emerging  market  for  energy  management  systems.  Although  hospitals  have  many  specific  regulatory  mandates,  Telkonet  has  been  working  closely  with  operators  and
developers of healthcare support facilities, like medical office buildings, assisted living and other similar facilities, to integrate our EcoSmart energy management initiatives into
efficiency opportunities supported by state and federal energy programs. For example, hospital energy managers can use energy efficiency strategies to offset high costs caused
by growing plug loads and rising energy prices. A typical 200,000-square-foot, 50-bed hospital in the U.S. annually spends $680,000, or roughly $13,611 per bed on electricity
and natural gas. By increasing energy efficiency, hospitals can improve the bottom line and free up funds to invest in new technologies and improve patient care.

These facilities offer a commercial environment similar to the hospitality or educational housing markets, and the increasing aging population and assisted living markets
presents attractive potential for energy efficiency. This market is expected to grow rapidly over the next several years due to its energy savings capabilities and an aging
population.

Utility Industry

We continue to strengthen our focus on our targeted market segments in order to expand market share and take advantage of existing incentives for energy management. We
expect  continued  expansion  in  the  space,  specifically  in  commercial  segments  due  to  increasing  state  and  federal  programs  promoting  energy  efficiency.  Our  residential
initiatives are also key to the future expansion of Telkonet’s EcoSmart programs within the developing Internet-of-Things environment.

Public Housing

Public housing, which are properties owned and managed by the government, is an additional emerging market for energy management solutions. The tenants occupying these
properties must meet specific eligibility requirements, and their utility bills are typically paid for by government programs. Many of the ESCO clients that Telkonet supports
today have dedicated teams pursuing opportunities with the owners and operators of government-subsidized housing. The EcoSmart platform is an ideal solution for conserving
energy, allowing remote monitoring, and improving tenant comfort.

Competition for Markets

We  currently  compete  primarily  within  commercial  and  industrial  markets,  including  the  hospitality,  education,  healthcare,  public  housing,  MDU,  government,  utility  and
military  sectors.  Within  each  target  market,  we  offer  savings  through  our  intelligent  automation  platform.  Our  products  offer  significant  competitive  and  complementary
benefits when compared with alternative offerings including Building Automation Systems (“BAS”) or Building Management Systems (“BMS”), static temperature occupancy-
based systems, scheduling/programmable thermostats and high-efficiency HVAC systems.

We  participate  in  a  relatively  small  competitive  field  within  the  hospitality  industry,  with  the  majority  of  the  energy  management  sales  handled  by  fewer  than  seven
manufacturers.  The  key  competitors  in  the  market  segment  are  Inncom  by  Honeywell  and  Schneider  Electric,  with  each  offering  some  level  of  comparable  products  to  our
standalone and/or networked products. Telkonet leverages the above-mentioned competitive advantages to successfully compete in these spaces and win business.

 _____________________
[6] https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/publications/pubdocs/Healthcare.pdf

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The educational space is new to adopt occupancy-based controls. The EcoSmart Platform has been introduced for use within student dormitories, which traditionally had few, if
any,  controls.  More  recently  we’ve  also  been  requested  to  install  our  products  into  classrooms,  which  traditionally  have  been  an  environment  for  BAS/BMS.  Since  the
dormitory environment is very similar to the hospitality market, we believe we offer similarly-scaled energy savings. Since the market is still in its infancy, very few comparable
offerings have entered the market but competitors within the hospitality segment are beginning to respond. Again, our key differentiators allow us to compete and win business
in this space.

The healthcare and government/military markets are very similar in scope, relative to energy management systems. A key differentiator in these environments is the specific
implementation being considered. Each market utilizes BAS/BMS for wide scale energy management initiatives. When addressing housing environments, including elderly care
and  assisted  living  facilities  and  military  dormitories  or  barracks,  Telkonet’s  EcoSmart  Platform  is  able  to  provide  increased  energy  savings  and  efficiency.  Competitors
operating in the BAS/BMS space include Honeywell, Schneider Electric, Johnson Controls, Siemens, Trane and others, many of whom Telkonet partners with to provide a
comprehensive and integrated energy management solution to effectively address energy efficiency opportunities in all types of facilities.

Inventory

We are dependent, in certain situations, on a limited number of vendors to provide certain inventory and components. We’ve not experienced significant problems or issues
purchasing any essential materials, parts or components, but have experienced gross profit pressure as a result of price increases and the impact of tariffs (discussed below). We
contract  the  majority  of  our  inventory  with ATR  Manufacturing,  based  in  China,  which  provides  substantially  all  the  manufacturing  requirements  for  Telkonet’s  energy
management platform.

Customers

We are neither limited to, nor reliant upon, a single or narrowly segmented customer base to derive our revenues. Our current primary focus is in the hospitality, commercial,
education, utility, MDU, healthcare and government/military markets and expanding into the consumer market as part of our long term strategic growth.

For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, no single customer represented 10% or more of our revenues.

Intellectual Property

Telkonet has acquired certain intellectual properties, including but not limited to, Patent No. D569, 279, titled “Thermostat.”  Patent No. D569279 issued by the USPTO in May
2008 was granted on the ornamental design of a thermostat device and will expire in May of 2022. The expiration of this patent could allow third parties to launch competing
products. While we viewed this patent as valuable, we do not view any single patent as material to the Company as a whole.

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  of  our  current  or  future  patent  applications  will  be  granted,  or,  if  granted,  that  such  patents  will  provide  necessary  protection  for  our
technology or our product offerings, or be of commercial benefit to us.

Government Regulation

As discussed in Part I, Item IA, given we purchase the majority of our inventory from a supplier based in China, we are subject to and have been affected by the tariffs imposed
by the United States Federal Government on imports of industrial sector products from China.

In addition, we are subject to regulation in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”).  FCC rules permit the operation of unlicensed digital devices
that radiate radio frequency emissions if the manufacturer complies with certain equipment authorization procedures, technical requirements, marketing restrictions and product
labeling requirements.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Future products designed by us will require testing for compliance with FCC and European Commission (“EC”) standards. Moreover, if in the future, the FCC or EC changes its
technical requirements, further testing and/or modifications may be necessary in order to achieve compliance.

Research & Development

During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company spent $1,879,676 and $1,770,597, respectively, on research and development activities. Telkonet continues
to invest significantly in research & development to maintain and grow our competitive differentiation and customer value. Key initiatives for 2019 include: expanding our
EcoTouch product line with WIFI and Bluetooth wireless capabilities; creation of a new Gateway model with cellular wireless capabilities; expanding Symphony Composer
development for next generation web management Internet of Things dashboard; and expanding data analytics engine integration into Symphony platform for savings algorithm
development.

Additional Information

Employees

As of April 1, 2019, we had 50 full-time employees and 1 part-time employee. We will continue to hire additional personnel as necessary to meet future operating requirements.
We anticipate that we may need to hire additional staff in the areas of customer support, field services, engineering, sales and marketing, and administration.

Environmental Matters

We do not anticipate any material effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position due to compliance with government regulations involving environmental
matters.

Discontinued Operations

In  October  of  2016,  the  Company  decided  to  offer  for  sale  its  Ethostream  High-Speed  Internet Access  (“HSIA”)  subsidiary.  While  EthoStream  is  one  of  the  largest  public
HSIA providers in the world, providing services to more than 12.0 million users monthly across a network of approximately 1,800 locations, the Company will focus on its
higher growth potential EcoSmart Platform line. The operating results of Ethostream for the years ended December 31, 2017 have been reclassified as discontinued operations in
the consolidated statements of operations. The Company closed the sale of EthoStream, LLC on March 29, 2017 and the impact on the Company’s liquidity as a result of the
proceeds from the sale is expected to allow for greater strategic investment in marketing and research and development by the Company.

 ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS.

Our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows can be adversely affected by various risks. These risks include, but are not limited to, the principal factors listed
below and the other matters set forth in this annual report on Form 10-K. You should carefully consider all of these risks.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Relating to Our Financial Results and Need for Financing

We have a history of operating losses and an accumulated deficit and expect to continue to incur operating losses and negative operating cash flows for one year beyond the
date of these financial statements, and as a result, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Since inception through December 31, 2018, we have incurred cumulative losses of $123,171,406 and have never generated enough funds through operations to support our
business. For the year ended December 31, 2018, we had an operating cash flow deficit of $3,945,742 from continuing operations. The Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern  is  dependent  upon  generating  profitable  operations  in  the  future  and  obtaining  the  necessary  financing  to  meet  its  obligations  and  repay  its  liabilities  arising  from
normal business operations when they come due. We have not identified, and cannot be certain we will be able to identify, a course of action that guarantees the achievement of
profitable operations in the foreseeable future. Further, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to secure such financing at commercially reasonable terms, if at
all. If cash resources become insufficient to meet the Company’s ongoing obligations, the Company will be required to scale back or discontinue portions of its operations or
discontinue  operations  entirely,  whereby,  the  Company’s  shareholders  may  lose  some  or  all  of  their  investment. Accordingly,  and  in  light  of  the  Company’s  historic  and
continuing losses, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s Board is working with an investment bank to identify strategic alternatives available in an effort to maximize shareholder value, including but not limited to, a
sale  of  the  Company,  a  merger  or  other  business  combination,  a  sale  of  all  or  substantially  all  assets,  a  joint  venture  or  equity  and  debt  refinancing. At April  1,  2019,  no
definitive alternatives had been identified.

We have a limited number of shares of common stock available for future issuance which could adversely affect our ability to raise capital or consummate acquisitions.

We  are  currently  authorized  to  issue  190,000,000  shares  of  common  stock  under  our Amended  Restated  and Articles  of  Incorporation. As  of  March  2019,  we  have  issued
134,793,211  shares  of  common  stock  and  have  approximately  8,147,955  shares  of  common  stock  committed  for  issuance  giving  effect  to  the  assumed  exercise  of  all
outstanding warrants and options and assumed conversion of preferred stock. Due to the limited number of authorized shares available for issuance, we may not able to raise
additional  equity  capital  or  complete  a  merger  or  other  business  combination  unless  we  increase  the  number  of  shares  we  are  authorized  to  issue.  We  would  need  to  seek
stockholder  approval  to  increase  the  number  of  our  authorized  shares  of  common  stock.  We  can  provide  no  assurance  that  we  will  succeed  in  amending  our Amended  and
Restated Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of shares of common stock we are authorized to issue.

Our failure to comply with covenants under debt instruments could trigger prepayment obligations or other penalties.

Our failure to comply with the covenants under our debt instruments could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could result in us being required to repay
these  borrowings  before  their  due  date  or  could  result  in  other  penalties.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company  will  be  able  to  secure  financing  to  refinance  these
borrowings  at  commercially  reasonable  terms,  if  at  all.  If  we  are  unable  to  secure  such  financing  and  cash  resources  become  insufficient  to  meet  the  Company’s  ongoing
obligations, the Company will be required to scale back or discontinue portions of its operations or discontinue operations entirely, whereby, the Company’s shareholders may
lose some or all of their investment.

If we fail to remain current on our reporting requirements, we could be removed from the OTC Bulletin Board, which would limit the ability of broker-dealers to sell our
securities and the ability of stockholders to sell their securities in the secondary market.

Companies trading on the OTC Bulletin Board, such as us, must be reporting issuers under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange
Act”), and must be current in their reports under Section 13 of the Exchange Act in order to maintain price quotation privileges on the OTC Bulletin Board. If we fail to remain
current on our reporting requirements, we could be removed from the OTC Bulletin Board. As a result, the market liquidity for our securities could be adversely affected by
limiting the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities and the ability of stockholders to sell their securities in the secondary market.

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If the Company is unable to continue as a going concern, the Company’s shareholders may lose some or all of their investment.

Risks Relating to the Ownership of Our Common Stock

As discussed above, we have a history of operating losses and an accumulated deficit and expect to continue to incur operating losses and negative operating cash flows for one
year  beyond  the  date  of  these  financial  statements,  and  as  a  result,  there  is  substantial  doubt  about  our  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  If  cash  resources  become
insufficient to meet the Company’s ongoing obligations and we are unable to secure financing at commercially reasonable terms, if at all, the Company will be required to scale
back or discontinue portions of its operations or discontinue operations entirely, whereby, the Company’s shareholders may lose some or all of their investment.

Our common stock is thinly traded and there may not be an active trading market for our common stock.

Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTCQB, operated by the OTC Markets Group. However, there is no guarantee that our common stock will be actively traded on
the OTCQB, or that the volume of trading will be sufficient to allow for timely trades. Investors may not be able to sell their shares quickly or at the latest market price if
trading in our stock is not active or if trading volume is limited. In addition, if trading volume in our common stock is limited, trades of relatively small numbers of shares may
have a disproportionate effect on the market price of our common stock.

The market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be volatile.

The trading price of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors.  Some of the
factors that may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate include:

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

fluctuations in our quarterly financial and operating results or the quarterly financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us;

changes in estimates of our financial results or recommendations by securities analysts;

potential deterioration of investor confidence resulting from material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting;

our ability to raise and generate working capital to meet our obligations in the ordinary course of business;

changes in general economic, industry and market conditions;

failure of any of our products to achieve or maintain market acceptance;

changes in market valuations of similar companies;

failure of our products to operate as advertised;

success of competitive products;

changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;

announcements by us or our competitors of significant products, contracts, acquisitions or strategic alliances;

regulatory developments in the United States, foreign countries or both;

litigation involving our Company, our general industry or both;

additions or departures of key personnel; and

investors’ general perception of us.

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock market in general experiences a loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our common stock could decline for
reasons unrelated to our business, financial condition or results of operations.  If any of the foregoing occurs, it could cause our stock price to fall and may expose us to class
action lawsuits that, even if unsuccessful, could be costly to defend and a distraction to management.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Utah law could discourage delay or prevent a change of control of our Company and may affect the trading price of
our common stock.

We are a Utah corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Utah Control Shares Acquisition Act may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control by limiting the
voting rights of control shares acquired in a control share acquisition. In addition, our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws may discourage, delay or
prevent a change in our management or control over us that shareholders may consider favorable. Among other things, our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws:

·

·

·

authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that could be issued by our board of directors in response to a takeover attempt;

provide that vacancies on our board of directors, including newly created directorships, may be filled only by a majority vote of directors then in office, except
a vacancy occurring by reason of the removal of a director without cause shall be filled by vote of the shareholders; and

limit who may call special meetings of shareholders.

These provisions could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control, whether or not it is desired by, or beneficial to, our shareholders.

We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock

We do not expect to pay cash dividends on our common stock. Any future dividend payments are within the absolute discretion of our board of directors and will depend on,
among  other  things,  our  results  of  operations,  working  capital  requirements,  capital  expenditure  requirements,  financial  condition,  contractual  restrictions,  business
opportunities, anticipated cash needs, provisions of applicable law and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. We may not generate sufficient cash from
operations in the future to pay dividends on our common stock.

Our common stock is subject to “Penny Stock” restrictions.

As  long  as  the  price  of  our  common  stock  remains  at  less  than  $5  per  share,  we  will  be  subject  to  so-called  “penny  stock  rules”  which  could  decrease  our  stock’s  market
liquidity. The Security and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has adopted regulations which define a “penny stock” to include any equity security that has a market price of less
than $5 per share or an exercise price of less than $5 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require the
delivery to and execution by the retail customer of a written declaration of suitability relating to the penny stock, which must include disclosure of the commissions payable to
both the broker/dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, the broker/dealer must send monthly statements disclosing recent price
information for the penny stocks held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks. Those requirements could adversely affect the market liquidity of
our common stock. There can be no assurance that the price of our common stock will rise above $5 per share so as to avoid these regulations.

Further issuances of equity securities may be dilutive to current stockholders.

It is possible that we will be required to seek additional capital in the near term. This capital funding could involve one or more types of equity securities, including convertible
debt, common or convertible preferred stock and warrants to acquire common or preferred stock. Such equity securities could be issued at or below the then-prevailing market
price for our common stock. Any issuance of additional shares of our common stock will be dilutive to existing stockholders and could adversely affect the market price of our
common stock.

13

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
The exercise of conversion rights, options and warrants outstanding and available for issuance may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

As of December 31, 2018, we had outstanding employee options to purchase a total of 3,349,793 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.14 to $1.00 per
share, with a weighted average exercise price of $0.16. As of December 31, 2018, we had warrants outstanding to purchase a total of 250,000 shares of common stock at an
exercise  price  of  $0.20  per  share.  The  exercise  of  outstanding  options  and  warrants  and  the  sale  in  the  public  market  of  the  shares  purchased  upon  such  exercise  could  be
dilutive to existing stockholders and could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

New tariffs and evolving trade policy between the United States and China may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Risks Related to Our Business

During  2018,  the  United  States  Federal  Government  imposed  significant  tariffs  on  imports  from  numerous  countries,  including  China.  Subsequent  to  this,  the  Office  of  the
United States Trade Representative (“USTR”) announced an initial proposed list of imports from China that could be subject to additional tariffs. The list of imports for which
Customs  and  Border  Protection  began  collecting  additional  duties  during  July  2018,  focuses  on  the  industrial  sector.  The  Company’s  main  supplier,  accounting  for
approximately 80% of total purchases, is located in China. The products that the Company purchases from the supplier are subject to up to 25% tariffs. As a result of the tariffs,
our cost of sales has increased.

The current administration, along with Congress, has created significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and other countries with respect to
the trade policies, treaties, taxes, government regulations and tariffs that would be applicable. It is unclear what changes might be considered or implemented and what response
to any such changes may be by the governments of other countries. These changes have created significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States
and China, as well as other countries, including with respect to the trade policies, treaties, government regulations and tariffs that could apply to trade between the United States
and  other  nations.  If  significant  tariffs  or  other  restrictions  are  placed  on  Chinese  imports  or  any  related  counter-measures  are  taken  by  China,  our  revenue  and  results  of
operations may be materially harmed. Even in the absence of further tariffs, the related uncertainty and the market's fear of an escalating trade war might create forecasting
difficulties for us and cause our customers and business partners to place fewer orders for our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
liquidity, financial condition, and/or results of operations.

These developments, or the perception that any of them could occur, may have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and the stability of global financial
markets, and may significantly reduce global trade and, in particular, trade between these nations and the United States. Any of these factors could depress economic activity
and restrict our access to suppliers or customers and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and affect our strategy in China
and  elsewhere  around  the  world.  Given  the  relatively  fluid  regulatory  environment  in  China  and  the  United  States  and  uncertainty  how  the  U.S. Administration  or  foreign
governments will act with respect to tariffs, international trade agreements and policies, a trade war, further governmental action related to tariffs or international trade policies,
or additional tax or other regulatory changes in the future could directly and adversely impact our financial results and results of operations.

We rely on a limited number of third party suppliers. If these companies fail to perform or experience delays, shortages, or increased demand for their products or services,
we may face shortages, increased costs, and may be required to suspend deployment of our products and services.

We  depend  on  a  limited  number  of  third  party  suppliers  to  provide  the  components  and  the  equipment  required  to  deliver  our  solutions,  with  purchases  from  one  supplier
comprising approximately 81% of total purchases for the year ended December 31, 2018. If these providers fail to perform their obligations under our agreements with them or
we are unable to renew these agreements, we may be forced to suspend the sale and deployment of our products and services and enrollment of new customers, which would
have an adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The industry within which we operate is intensely competitive and rapidly evolving.

We  operate  in  a  highly  competitive,  quickly  changing  environment,  and  our  future  success  will  depend  on  our  ability  to  develop  and  introduce  new  products  and  product
enhancements that achieve broad market acceptance in the markets within which we compete. We will also need to respond effectively to new product announcements by our
competitors by quickly developing and introducing competitive products.

Delays in product development and introduction could result in:

·

·

·

loss of or delay in revenue and loss of market share;

negative publicity and damage to our reputation and the reputation of our product offerings; and

decline in the average selling price of our products.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal controls as of December 31, 2018 that, if not properly remediated, could result in material misstatements in our
financial statements.

Based on an evaluation of our disclosure of internal controls and procedures as of December 31, 2018, our management has concluded that, as of such date, there were material
weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting related to a lack of segregation of duties due to the limited size of the Company’s accounting department, a failure to
implement  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  including  in  our  IT  general  control  environment  and  the  need  for  a  stronger  internal  control  environment
particularly in our financial reporting and close process. A material weakness is a control deficiency, or a combination of control deficiencies, in internal control over financial
reporting,  such  that  there  is  a  more  than  a  remote  likelihood  that  a  material  misstatement  of  annual  or  interim  financial  statements  would  not  be  prevented  or  detected. As
disclosed  in  Item  9A  of  Part  II  of  this  report,  because  of  the  material  weaknesses  identified  by  the  Company,  our  consolidated  financial  statements  may  contain  material
misstatements that would require restatement of the Company’s financial results in this report. Management of the Company believes that these material weaknesses are due to
the small size of the Company’s accounting staff. The small size of the Company’s accounting staff may prevent adequate controls in the future, such as segregation of duties,
due to the cost/benefit of such remediation.  At present, the Company does not expect to hire additional personnel to remediate these control deficiencies in the near future. We
are reviewing other potential actions to remediate the identified material weaknesses.

Until and if these material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting are remediated, there is reasonable possibility that material misstatements of our annual or
interim  consolidated  financial  statements  could  occur  and  not  be  prevented  or  detected  by  our  internal  controls  in  a  timely  manner.  Material  misstatements  in  our  financial
statements could result in litigation or regulatory enforcement actions, which would require additional financial and management resources; loss of investor confidence; and
delays in filing required financial disclosures, one or more of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. The Company believes the
consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are free of material misstatements.

Government regulation of our products could impair our ability to sell such products in certain markets.

The rules of the FCC permit the operation of unlicensed digital devices that radiate radio frequency emissions if the manufacturer complies with certain equipment authorization
procedures, technical requirements, marketing restrictions and product labeling requirements. Differing technical requirements apply to “Class A” devices intended for use in
commercial settings, and “Class B” devices intended for residential use to which more stringent standards apply. An independent, FCC-certified testing lab has verified that our
product suite complies with the FCC technical requirements for Class A and Class B digital devices. No further testing of these devices is required, and the devices may be
manufactured  and  marketed  for  commercial  and  residential  use. Additional  devices  designed  by  us  for  commercial  and  residential  use  will  be  subject  to  the  FCC  rules  for
unlicensed digital devices. Moreover, if in the future, the FCC changes its technical requirements for unlicensed digital devices, further testing and/or modifications of devices
may be necessary. Failure to comply with any FCC technical requirements could impair our ability to sell our products in certain markets and could have a negative impact on
our business and results of operations.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Products sold by our competitors could become more popular than our products or render our products obsolete.

The market for our products and services is highly competitive. Some of our competitors have longer operating histories, greater name recognition and substantially greater
financial, technical, sales, marketing and other resources. These competitors may, among other things, undertake more extensive marketing campaigns, adopt more aggressive
pricing policies, obtain more favorable pricing from suppliers and manufacturers and exert more influence on the sales channel than we can. As a result, we may not be able to
compete  successfully  with  these  competitors,  and  these  competitors  may  develop  or  market  technologies  and  products  that  are  more  widely  accepted  than  those  being
developed by us or that would render our products obsolete or noncompetitive. We anticipate that competitors will also intensify their efforts to penetrate our target markets.
These competitors may have more advanced technology, more extensive distribution channels, stronger brand names, bigger promotional budgets and larger customer bases
than  we  do.  These  companies  could  devote  more  capital  resources  to  develop,  manufacture  and  market  competing  products  than  we  could.  If  any  of  these  companies  are
successful in competing against us, our sales could decline, our margins could be negatively impacted, and we could lose market share, any of which could seriously harm our
business, results of operations, and prospects. 

 We may incur substantial damages due to litigation.

We cannot be certain that our products do not and will not infringe issued patents or other intellectual property rights of others. If it were determined that our products infringe
the  intellectual  property  rights  of  another,  we  could  be  required  to  pay  substantial  damages  or  be  enjoined  from  licensing  or  using  the  infringing  products  or  technology.
Additionally, if it were determined that our products infringe the intellectual property rights of others, we would need to obtain licenses from these parties or substantially re-
engineer  our  products  in  order  to  avoid  infringement.  We  might  not  be  able  to  obtain  the  necessary  licenses  on  acceptable  terms  or  at  all,  or  to  re-engineer  our  products
successfully. Any of the foregoing could cause us to incur significant costs and prevent us from selling our products.

We depend on a small team of senior management and may have difficulty attracting and retaining additional personnel.

Our future success will depend in large part upon the continued services and performance of senior management and other key personnel. If we lose the services of any member
of our senior management team, our overall operations could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, our future success will depend on our ability to identify, attract,
hire, train, retain and motivate other highly skilled technical, managerial, marketing, purchasing and customer service personnel when they are needed. Competition for these
individuals  is  intense.  We  cannot  ensure  that  we  will  be  able  to  successfully  attract,  integrate  or  retain  sufficiently  qualified  personnel  when  the  need  arises. Any  failure  to
attract and retain the necessary technical, managerial, marketing, purchasing and customer service personnel could have a negative effect on our financial condition and results
of operations.  

We may be affected if the United States participates in wars or other military action or by international terrorism.

Involvement in a war or other military action or acts of terrorism may cause significant disruption to commerce throughout the world. To the extent that such disruptions result
in (i) delays or cancellations of customer orders, (ii) a general decrease in consumer spending on information technology, (iii) our inability to effectively market and distribute
our services or products or (iv) our inability to access capital markets, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. We are unable to predict
whether  the  involvement  in  a  war  or  other  military  action  will  result  in  any  long-term  commercial  disruptions  or  if  such  involvement  or  responses  will  have  any  long-term
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

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Cyber security risks and cyber incidents could adversely affect our business and disrupt operations.

Cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. These incidents can include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems for
purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. The result of these incidents could include, but are not limited
to, disrupted operations, misstated financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cyber-security protection costs, litigation and reputational damage adversely
affecting  customer  or  investor  confidence.  We  have  implemented  systems  and  processes  to  focus  on  identification,  prevention,  mitigation  and  resolution.  However,  these
measures cannot provide absolute security, and our systems may be vulnerable to cyber-security breaches such as viruses, hacking, and similar disruptions from unauthorized
intrusions. In addition, we rely on third party service providers to perform certain services, such as payroll and tax services. Any failure of our systems or third party systems
may compromise our sensitive information and/or personally identifiable information of our employees. While we have secured cyber insurance to potentially cover certain
risks associated with cyber incidents, there can be no assurance the insurance will be sufficient to cover any such liability.

Our exposure to the credit risk of our customers and suppliers may adversely affect our financial results.

We sell our products to customers that have in the past, and may in the future, experience financial difficulties. If our customers experience financial difficulties, we could have
difficulty recovering amounts owed to us from these customers. While we perform credit evaluations and adjust credit limits based upon each customer’s payment history and
credit worthiness, such programs may not be effective in reducing our exposure to credit risk. We evaluate the collectability of accounts receivable, and based on this evaluation
make adjustments to the allowance for doubtful accounts for expected losses. Actual bad debt write-offs may differ from our estimates, which may have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition, operating results and cash flows.

Our suppliers may also experience financial difficulties, which could result in our having difficulty sourcing the materials and components we use in producing our products
and providing our services. This risk is increased given we depend on a limited number of third party suppliers to provide the components and the equipment required to deliver
our solutions, with purchases from one supplier comprising approximately 81% of total purchases for the year ended December 31, 2018. If we encounter such difficulties, we
may not be able to produce our products for our customers in a timely fashion which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash
flows.

Changes in the economy and credit markets may adversely affect our future results of operations.

Our operations and performance depend to some degree on general economic conditions and their impact on our customers’ finances and purchase decisions. As a result of
economic events, potential customers may elect to defer purchases of capital equipment items, such as the products we manufacture and supply. Additionally, the credit markets
and  the  financial  services  industry  are  subject  to  change.  While  the  ultimate  outcome  of  these  events  cannot  be  predicted,  it  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our
customers’ ability to fund their operations thus adversely impacting their ability to purchase our products or to pay for our products on a timely basis, if at all. These and other
economic factors could have a material adverse effect on demand for our products, the collection of payments for our products and on our financial condition and operating
results.

We may not be able to obtain payment and performance bonds, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to deploy our EcoSmart Suite of products into the energy management initiatives in federally funded or assisted projects may rely on our ability to obtain payment
and performance bonds which may be an essential element to work orders for the installation of our products and services. If we are unable to obtain payment and performance
bonds in a timely fashion as required by an applicable work order, we may not be entitled to payment under the work order until such bonds have been provided or until such a
requirement is expressly waived. In addition, any delays due to a failure to furnish bonds may not entitle us to a price increase for the work or an extension of time to complete
the work and may entitle the other party to terminate our work order without liability and to indemnify such party from damages suffered as a result of our failure to deliver the
bonds and the termination of the work order. As a result, the failure to obtain bonds where required could negatively impact our business, results of operations, and prospects.

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

 ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES.

In October 2013, the Company entered into a lease agreement for 6,362 square feet of commercial office space in Waukesha, Wisconsin for its corporate headquarters with a
term expiration of April 30, 2021. On April 7, 2017, the Company executed an amendment to the existing lease to expand another 3,982 square feet, bringing the total leased
space to 10,344 square feet, and extend the lease term from May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2026. The commencement date for this amendment was July 15, 2017. 

In  January  2016,  the  Company  entered  into  a  lease  agreement  for  2,237  square  feet  of  commercial  office  space  in  Germantown,  Maryland  for  its  Maryland  employees.  In
September 2018, the Company entered into a third amendment to the lease agreement extending the lease through the end of January 2022.

In May 2017, the Company entered into a lease agreement for 5,838 square feet of floor space in Waukesha, Wisconsin for its inventory warehousing operations. The Waukesha
lease expires in May 2023.

 ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of its business. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, the
Company believes that the final disposition of such matters should not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

None.

18

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES.

Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “TKOI.” The OTC Bulletin Board is not a stock exchange and any over-the-counter market
quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

 PART II

Record Holders

As of March 26, 2019, we had 211 holders of record of our common stock and 134,793,211 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

See Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters for information about securities authorized for issuance under
the Company’s equity compensation plans.

Dividend Policy

The  Company  has  never  paid  dividends  on  its  common  stock  and  does  not  anticipate  paying  dividends  in  the  foreseeable  future.  It  is  also  subject  to  certain  contractual
restrictions on paying dividends on its common stock under the terms of its Series A and B preferred stock.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

 ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

This item is not applicable.

 ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the accompanying financial statements and related
notes thereto.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates significant
estimates used in preparing its consolidated financial statements including those related to revenue recognition and allowances for uncollectible accounts receivable, inventory
obsolescence,  recovery  of  long-lived  assets,  income  tax  provisions  and  related  valuation  allowance,  stock-based  compensation,  and  contingencies.  The  Company  bases  its
estimates  on  historical  experience,  underlying  run  rates  and  various  other  assumptions  that  the  Company  believes  to  be  reasonable,  the  results  of  which  form  the  basis  for
making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The following are critical judgments, assumptions, and
estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.

19

 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606, the Standard”) supersedes nearly all legacy revenue recognition guidance.
ASC 606, the Standard outlines a comprehensive five-step revenue recognition model based on the principle that an entity should recognize revenue based on when it satisfies
its  performance  obligations  by  transferring  control  of  promised  goods  or  services  in  an  amount  that  reflects  the  consideration  to  which  the  entity  expects  to  be  entitled  in
exchange for said goods or services.

Identify the customer contracts

The Company accounts for a customer contract under ASC 606 when the contract is legally enforceable. A contract is legally enforceable when all of the following criteria are
met: (1) the contract has been approved by the Company and the customer and both parties are committed to perform their respective obligations, (2) the Company can identify
each  party’s  rights  regarding  goods  or  services  transferred,  (3)  the  Company  can  identify  payment  terms  for  goods  or  services  transferred,  (4)  the  contract  has  commercial
substance, and (5) collectability of all the consideration to which the Company is entitled in exchange for the goods or services transferred is probable.

A contract does not exist if each party to the contract has the unilateral right to terminate a wholly unperformed contract without compensating the other party (or parties).
Nearly all of the Company’s contracts do not contain such mutual termination rights for convenience. All contracts are in written form.

Identify the performance obligations

The Company will enter into product only contracts that contain a single performance obligation related to the transfer of EcoSmart products to a customer.

The Company will also enter into certain customer contracts that encompass product and  installation  services,  referred  to  as  “turnkey”  solutions.  These  contracts  ultimately
provide the customer with a solution that enhances the functionality of the customer’s existing equipment. For this reason, the Company has determined that the product and
installation services are not separately identifiable performance obligations, but in essence represent one, combined performance obligation (“turnkey”).

The Company also offers post-installation support services to customers. Support services are considered a separate performance obligation.

Determine the transaction price

The Company generally enters into contracts containing fixed prices. It is not customary for the Company to include contract terms that would result in variable consideration.
In the rare situation that a contract does include this type  of  provision,  it  is  not  expected  to  result  in  a  material  adjustment  to  the  transaction  price.  The  Company  regularly
extends pricing discounts; however, they are negotiated up front and adjust the fixed transaction price set out in the contract.

Customer  contracts  will  typically  contain  upfront  deposits  that  will  be  applied  against  future  invoices,  as  well  as  customer  retainage.  The  intent  of  any  required  deposit  or
retainage is to ensure that the obligations of either party are honored and follow customary industry practices. In addition, the Company will typically be paid in advance at the
beginning of any support contracts, consistent with industry practices. None of these payment provisions are intended to represent significant implicit financing. The Company’s
standard payment terms are thirty days from invoice date. Products are fully refundable when returned in their original packaging without damage or defacing less a restocking
fee.  Historical  returns  have  shown  to  be  immaterial.  The  Company  offers  a  standard  one-year  assurance  warranty.  However  customers  can  purchase  an  extended  warranty.
Under  the  new  standard,  extended  warranties  are  accounted  for  as  a  service  warranty,  requiring  the  revenue  to  be  recognized  over  the  extended  service  periods.  Contracts
involving an extended warranty are immaterial and will continue to be combined with support revenue and recognized on a straight-line basis over the support revenue term.

20

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations

Revenues from customer contracts are allocated to the separate performance obligations based on their relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) at contract inception. The SSP
is the price at which the Company would sell a promised good or service separately. The best evidence of an SSP is the observable price of a good or service when the entity
sells that good or service separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. However, turnkey solutions are sold for a broad range of amounts resulting from, but not
limited  to,  tiered  discounting  for  value  added  resellers  (“VAR”)  based  upon  committed  volumes  and  other  economic  factors.  Due  to  the  high  variability  of  our  pricing,  the
Company  cannot  establish  a  reliable  SSP  using  observable  data.  Accordingly,  the  Company  uses  the  residual  approach  to  allocate  the  transaction  price  to  performance
obligations  related  to  its  turnkey  solutions.  When  support  services  are  not  included  within  the  turnkey  solution,  the  residual  method  is  not  utilized  and  no  allocation  of  the
transaction price to the performance obligation is necessary.

All support service agreements, whether single or multi-year terms, automatically renew for one-year terms at a suggested retail price (“SRP”). Support service renewals are
consistently priced and therefore would support the use of SRP as the best estimate of an SSP for such performance obligations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenues from product only sales at a point in time, when control over the product has transferred to the customer. As the Company’s principal terms
of sale are FOB shipping point, the Company primarily transfers control and records revenue for product only sales upon shipment.

A typical turnkey project involves the installation and integration of 200-300 rooms in a customer-controlled facility and usually takes sixty days to complete. Since control
over  goods  and  services  transfers  to  a  customer  once  a  room  is  installed,  the  Company  recognizes  revenue  for  turnkey  solutions  over  time.  The  Company  uses  an  outputs
measure based on the number of rooms installed to recognize revenues from turnkey solutions.

Revenues from support services are recognized over time, in even daily increments over the term of the contract, and are presented as “Recurring Revenue” in the Statement of
Operations.

Contract liabilities include monthly support service fees, customer deposits, and billings in advance of revenue recognition. The long term portion of these liability balances
represent the amount of revenues that will be recognized after December 31, 2019.

Contract Fulfillment Cost

The Company recognizes related costs of the contract over time in relation to the revenue recognition. Costs included within the projects relate to the cost of material, direct
labor and costs of outside services utilized to complete projects. These are presented as “Contract assets” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Transition

The Company adopted ASC 606 using a modified retrospective approach to all contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1,
2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under
Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The Company recorded a net decrease to beginning retained earnings of $0.43 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of
adopting ASC 606. The impact to beginning retained earnings was primarily driven by the deferral of revenue for unfulfilled performance obligations related to the Company’s
turnkey solutions.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company records allowances for doubtful accounts based on customer-specific
analysis  and  general  matters  such  as  current  assessment  of  past  due  balances  and  economic  conditions.  The  Company  writes  off  accounts  receivable  when  they  become
uncollectible.  Management  identifies  a  delinquent  customer  based  upon  the  delinquent  payment  status  of  an  outstanding  invoice,  generally  greater  than  30  days  past  due
date. The delinquent account designation does not trigger an accounting transaction until such time the account is deemed uncollectible. The allowance for doubtful accounts is
determined  by  examining  the  reserve  history  and  any  outstanding  invoices  that  are  over  30  days  past  due  as  of  the  end  of  the  reporting  period.  Accounts  are  deemed
uncollectible  on  a  case-by-case  basis,  at  management’s  discretion  based  upon  an  examination  of  the  communication  with  the  delinquent  customer  and  payment
history. Typically, accounts are only escalated to “uncollectible” status after multiple attempts at collection have proven unsuccessful.

21

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Inventory Obsolescence

Inventories  consist  of  thermostats,  sensors  and  controllers  for  Telkonet’s  EcoSmart  product  platform.  These  inventories  are  purchased  for  resale  and  do  not  include
manufacturing  labor  and  overhead.  Inventories  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realizable  value  determined  by  the  first  in,  first  out  (FIFO)  method.  The  Company’s
inventories are subject to technological obsolescence. Management evaluates the net realizable value of its inventories on a quarterly basis and when it is determined that the
Company’s carrying cost of such excess and obsolete inventories cannot be recovered in full, a charge is taken against income for the difference between the carrying cost and
the estimated realizable amount.

Guarantees and Product Warranties

The Company records a liability for potential warranty claims. The amount of the liability is based on the trend in the historical ratio of claims to sales. The products sold are
generally  covered  by  a  warranty  for  a  period  of  one  year.  In  the  event  the  Company  determines  that  its  current  or  future  product  repair  and  replacement  costs  exceed  its
estimates, an adjustment to these reserves would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the
Company  experienced  approximately  between  1%  and  3%  of  returns  related  to  product  warranties. As  of  December  31,  2018  and  2017,  the  Company  recorded  warranty
liabilities in the amount of $46,103 and $59,892, respectively, using this experience factor range.

Income Taxes

The  Company  accounts  for  income  taxes  in  accordance  with ASC  740-10.  Under  this  method,  deferred  income  taxes  (when  required)  are  provided  based  on  the  difference
between the financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating losses at the statutory rates enacted for future periods. The Company has a policy
of establishing a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of its deferred income tax assets in the future. For the year
ended December 31, 2018, the Company has recorded all known and estimable impacts of the Tax Act that are effective for 2018.

Stock Based Compensation

We account for our stock based awards in accordance with ASC 718, which requires a fair value measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based
payment awards made to our employees and directors, including employee stock options and restricted stock awards.

We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes valuation model. This model requires us to make estimates and assumptions including, among other
things, estimates regarding the length of time an employee will retain vested stock options before exercising them and the estimated volatility of our common stock price. The
fair  value  is  then  amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  requisite  service  periods  of  the  awards,  which  is  generally  the  vesting  period.  Changes  in  these  estimates  and
assumptions  can  materially  affect  the  determination  of  the  fair  value  of  stock-based  compensation  and  consequently,  the  related  amount  recognized  in  our  consolidated
statements of operations.

Recovery of Long -Lived Assets

We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable in accordance
with ASC 360-10. Recoverability is measured by comparison of the carrying amount to the future net undiscounted cash flows which the assets are expected to generate. If such
assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds its fair value.

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent Liabilities - Sales Tax

Unless provided with a resale or tax exemption certificate, the Company assesses and collects sales tax on sales transactions and records the amount as a liability. It is recognized
as a liability until remitted to the applicable state. Total revenues do not include sales tax as the Company is considered a pass through conduit for collecting and remitting sales
taxes.

Results of Continuing Operations

Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2017

Revenues

The table below outlines our product versus recurring revenues from continuing operations for comparable periods:

2018

Year Ended December 31,

2017

$

$

7,616,415   
815,564   
8,431,979   

90%   
10%   
100%   

$

$

7,798,680   
483,889   
8,282,569   

94%   
6%   
100%   

$

$

Variance

(182,265)  
331,675   
149,410   

(2%)
69% 
2% 

  Product
  Recurring
  Total

Product Revenue

Product revenue principally arises from the sale and installation of the EcoSmart Suite of products consists of thermostats, sensors, controllers, wireless networking products
switches, outlets and a control platform.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, product revenue decreased $0.18 million to $7.61 million when compared to the prior year. Product revenue from the hospitality market
increased $0.8 million to $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $5.6 million for the prior year. Product revenue from the MDU market remained
relatively  unchanged  at  $0.5  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  compared  to  the  prior  year  period.  Product  revenue  from  the  education  market  decreased  $0.8
million to $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $1.5 million for the prior year. Product revenue attributed to sales from channel partnerships and
value added resellers increased $1.8 million to $6.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $4.5 million for the prior year period. Product revenue attributed
to sales from channel partnerships and value added resellers as a percentage of total revenue was 75% for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to 59% for the prior
year. The most significant impact to the changes in revenue with the various markets was related to the timing of revenue recognition of the related contracts.

Recurring Revenue

Recurring revenue is attributed to our technical phone support services. The Company recognizes revenue ratably over the service month for monthly support revenues and
defers revenue for annual support services over the term of the service period. Recurring revenue consists of Telkonet’s EcoCare service and support program.

For the year end comparison, recurring revenue increased 69% or $0.33 million to $0.82 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $0.48 million for the year
ended December 31, 2017. The primary reasons for the increase are renewals outpaced cancellations for support services along with organic sales growth.

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Sales

2018

Year ended December 31,

2017

  Product
  Recurring
  Total

$

$

4,392,643   
269,443   
4,662,086   

58%   
33%   
55%   

$

$

4,261,100   
176,131   
4,437,231   

55%   
36%   
54%   

$

$

Costs of Product Revenue

Variance

131,543   
93,312   
224,855   

3% 
53% 
5% 

Costs  of  product  revenue  include  equipment  and  installation  labor  related  to  EcoSmart  technology.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  product  costs  increased  by  3%
compared to the prior year. Material costs increased $0.38 million due to price increases. Additionally, freight in increased $0.13 million largely due to increased tariffs related
to  the  Company’s  primary  supplier.  These  increases  were  partially  offset  by  salary  and  wages  decrease  of  $0.85  million,  a  decrease  in  the  use  of  outside  services  of  $0.18
million, a decrease in purchase price variance of $0.03 million, along with other immaterial changes to costs of product revenue.

Costs of Recurring Revenue

Recurring costs are comprised of labor and telecommunication services for our customer service department. For the year ended December 31, 2018, costs of recurring revenue
increased by 53% when compared to the prior year. The increase of $0.09 million was driven by an increase in salaries and benefits due to the Company adding support services
employees during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Gross Profit

2018

Year ended December 31,

2017

  Product
  Recurring
  Total

$

$

3,223,772   
546,121   
3,769,893   

42%   
67%   
45%   

$

$

3,537,580   
307,758   
3,845,338   

45%   
64%   
46%   

$

$

Gross Profit on Product Revenue

Variance

(313,808)  
238,363   
(75,445)  

(9%)
77% 
(2%)

Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2018 decreased by 9% when compared to the prior year. The actual gross profit percentages decreased to 42% for the year ended
December 31, 2018 compared to 45% for the year ended December 31, 2017. Contributing to the 3% decrease in gross profit percentage was an increase in customer discounts
given on product sales, cost of goods sold and freight in, mainly due to the increased tariffs.

Gross Profit on Recurring Revenue

For the year ended December 31, 2018, our gross profit increased by 77% when compared to the prior year driven by unit sales. The actual gross profit percentages increased to
67% for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to 64% for the year ended December 31, 2017.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses

2018

2017

Variance

Year ended December 31,

  Total

  $

6,790,642    $

7,334,751    $

(544,109)    

(7%) 

The Company’s operating expenses are comprised of research and development, selling, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization expense. During
the year ended December 31, 2018, operating expenses decreased by 7% when compared to the prior year as outlined below.

Research and Development

2018

2017

Variance

Year ended December 31,

  Total

  $

1,879,676    $

1,770,597    $

109,079     

6% 

Research and development costs are related to both present and future products and are expensed in the period incurred. Current research and development costs are associated
with product development and integration. During the year ended December 31, 2018, research and development costs increased 6% when compared to the prior year. The
majority of the variance is due to an approximate $0.27 million increase in expenditures for IT consulting. This increase was partially offset by decreases in salary and wages
($0.08 million) and certification expenses ($0.04 million) when compared to the prior year. Key initiatives for 2019 include: expanding our EcoTouch product line with WIFI
and Bluetooth wireless capabilities; creation of a new Gateway model with cellular wireless capabilities; expanding Symphony Composer development for next generation web
management Internet of Things dashboard; and expanding data analytics engine integration into Symphony platform for savings algorithm development.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

2018

2017

Variance

Year ended December 31,

  Total

  $

4,843,859    $

5,512,925    $

(669,066)    

(12%) 

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased for the year ended December 31, 2018 from the prior year by 12%. The decrease was driven by a decrease in salaries and
benefits of $0.2 million, a $0.17 million decrease in consulting fees, and an additional decrease in stock option expense of $0.31 million, primarily related to the prior year’s
sale of Ethostream.

Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax

2018

Year ended December 31,
2017

Variance

  Total

    $

-

    $

612,875    $

(612,875)    

-100% 

Income from discontinued operations decreased $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 over the prior year or 100%. On March 29, 2017, pursuant to the terms and
the  conditions  of  the  Purchase Agreement,  the  Company  closed  on  the  sale  of  EthoStream.  The  income  from  discontinued  operations  (net  of  tax)  represents  the  activity  of
EthoStream from January 1, 2017 through the date of the sale on March 29, 2017. After March 29, 2017, certain insignificant liabilities retained by the Company have been
adjusted as these liability balances were paid. The Company realized a gain from the sale of EthoStream of $6,630,244.

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
      
      
  
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
      
      
  
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
     
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA from Continuing Operations

Management believes that certain non-GAAP financial measures may be useful to investors in certain instances to provide additional meaningful comparisons between current
results  and  results  in  prior  operating  periods. Adjusted  earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation,  amortization  and  stock-based  compensation  (“Adjusted  EBITDA”)  is  a
metric used by management and frequently used by the financial community. Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations provides insight into an organization’s operating
trends  and  facilitates  comparisons  between  peer  companies,  since  interest,  taxes,  depreciation,  amortization  and  stock-based  compensation  can  differ  greatly  between
organizations as a result of differing capital structures and tax strategies. Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is one of the measures used for determining our debt
covenant  compliance.  Adjusted  EBITDA  from  continuing  operations  excludes  certain  items  that  are  unusual  in  nature  or  not  comparable  from  period  to  period.  While
management  believes  that  non-GAAP  measurements  are  useful  supplemental  information,  such  adjusted  results  are  not  intended  to  replace  our  GAAP  financial  results.
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is not, and should not be considered, an alternative to net income (loss), income (loss) from operations, or any other measure for
determining operating performance of liquidity, as determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). In assessing the overall health of its
business for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company excluded items in the following general categories described below:

·

Stock-based compensation: The Company believes that because of the variety of equity awards used by companies, varying methodologies for determining stock-based
compensation  and  the  assumptions  and  estimates  involved  in  those  determinations,  the  exclusion  of  non-cash  stock-based compensation  enhances  the  ability  of
management and investors to understand the impact of non-cash stock-based compensation on our operating results. Further, the Company believes that excluding stock-
based compensation expense allows for a more transparent comparison of its financial results to the previous year.

· Bonuses  paid  to executives upon sale of discontinued operations: The Company does not consider the bonuses of $87,750 associated with the sale of Ethostream to be
indicative  of  current  or  future  operating  performance.  Therefore,  the  Company  does  not  consider  the inclusion  of  these  costs  helpful  in  assessing  its  current  financial
performance compared to the previous year.

RECONCILIATION OF NET LOSS FROM
CONTINUING OPERATIONS TO ADJUSTED EBITDA
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,

Net loss from continuing operations
Interest (income) expense, net
Provision for income taxes
Depreciation and amortization
EBITDA – continuing operations
Adjustments:
Stock-based compensation
Bonuses paid to executives upon sale of discontinued operations
Adjusted EBITDA – continuing operations

26

$

$

2018

2017

(3,016,750)  
(13,622)  
9,623   
67,107   
(2,953,642)  

6,405   
–   
(2,947,237)  

$

$

(3,496,741)
(2,434)
9,762 
51,229 
(3,438,184)

322,888 
87,750 
(3,027,546)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company reported a net loss of $3,016,750 and had cash used in operating activities of $3,945,742, and ended the year with an
accumulated deficit of $123,171,406 and total current assets in excess of current liabilities of $6,206,299. At December 31, 2018, the Company had $4,678,891 of cash and
approximately  $500,000  of  availability  on  its  credit  facility.  The  credit  facility  is  a  $2,000,000  line  of  credit,  which  is  subject  to  a  borrowing  base  calculation  based  on  the
Company’s eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory each multiplied by an applicable advance rate, with an overall limitation tied to the Company’s eligible accounts
receivable. As of December 31, 2018, we had borrowing capacity of $621,790 and an outstanding balance of $121,474, resulting in the approximate availability of $500,000 on
the credit facility.

Since  inception,  the  Company  has  incurred  operating  losses  and  has  reported  negative  cash  flows  from  operating  activities.  Since  2012,  the  Company  has  made  significant
investments in the engineering, development and marketing of an intelligent automation platform, including but not limited to, hardware and software enhancements, support
services and applications. The funding for these development efforts has contributed to the ongoing operating losses and use of cash. Operating losses have been financed by
debt  and  equity  transactions,  credit  facility  capacity,  the  sale  of  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  and  management  of  working  capital  levels.  The  report  from  our  independent
registered public accounting firm on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 stated there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue
as a going concern.

The  Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  is  dependent  upon  generating  profitable  operations  in  the  future  and/or  securing  the  necessary  financing  to  meet  its
obligations  and  repay  its  liabilities  arising  from  normal  business  operations  when  they  come  due.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Company  will  be  able  to  secure  such
financing at commercially reasonable terms, if at all. If cash resources become insufficient to meet the Company’s ongoing obligations, the Company will be required to scale
back or discontinue portions of its operations or discontinue operations entirely, whereby, the Company’s shareholders may lose some or all of their investment.

We have not identified, and cannot be certain we will be able to identify, a course of action that guarantees the achievement of profitable operations in the foreseeable future. In
June  2018,  the  Company’s  Board  engaged  an  investment  bank  to  identify  strategic  alternatives  to  maximize  shareholder  value,  including  but  not  limited  to,  a  sale  of  the
Company,  an  investment  in  the  Company,  a  merger  or  other  business  combination,  a  sale  of  all  or  substantially  all  assets  or  a  strategic  joint  venture. At April  1,  2019,  no
definitive alternatives had been identified.

The Company expects to draw on its’ cash reserves and utilize the credit facility to the extent availability exists to finance its near term working capital needs. We expect to
continue to incur operating losses and negative operating cash flows for one year beyond the date of these financial statements. Accordingly, and in light of the Company’s
historic and continuing losses, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Working Capital

Our  working  capital  (current  assets  in  excess  of  current  liabilities)  from  continuing  operations  decreased  by  $3,274,266  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  from  a
working capital of $9,480,565 at December 31, 2017, to $6,206,299 at December 31, 2018. The majority of the decrease was due to the operating losses for 2018.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Revolving Credit Facility

On  September  30,  2014,  the  Company  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  EthoStream,  as  co-borrowers  (collectively,  the  “Borrowers”),  entered  into  a  loan  and  security
agreement (the “Heritage Bank Loan Agreement”), with Heritage Bank of Commerce, a California state chartered bank (“Heritage Bank”), governing a new revolving credit
facility  in  a  principal  amount  not  to  exceed  $2,000,000  (the  “Credit  Facility”).  Following  the  sale  of  EthoStream  in  March  of  2017,  it  was  removed  as  a  co-borrower.
Availability of borrowings under the Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base calculation based on the Company’s eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory each
multiplied by an applicable advance rate, with an overall limitation tied to the Company’s eligible accounts receivable. The Heritage Bank Loan Agreement is available for
working capital and other general business purposes. The outstanding principal balance of the Credit Facility bears interest at the Prime Rate plus 3.00%, which was 8.50% at
December 31, 2018 and 7.50% at December 31, 2017. On October 9, 2014, as part of the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement, Heritage Bank was granted a warrant to purchase
250,000 shares of Telkonet common stock. The warrant has an exercise price of $0.20 and expires October 9, 2021. On February 13, 2019, the tenth amendment to the Credit
Facility was executed extending the maturity date to September 30, 2020, unless earlier accelerated under the terms of the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement.  

The Heritage Bank Loan Agreement also contains financial covenants that place restrictions on, among other things, the incurrence of debt, granting of liens and sale of assets.
The  Heritage  Bank  Loan Agreement  also  contains  financial  covenants,  including  a  maximum  EBITDA  loss  covenant,  measured  quarterly,  a  minimum  asset  coverage  ratio,
measured monthly, and a minimum unrestricted cash balance of $2 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company and Heritage Bank entered into several
amendments to the Credit Facility to adjust these covenant levels. As long as the Company maintains the minimum unrestricted cash balance of $2 million, a violation of the
minimum EBITDA level will not trigger an event of default. A violation of any of these covenants could result in an event of default under the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement.
Upon the occurrence of such an event of default or certain other customary events of defaults, payment of any outstanding amounts under the Credit Facility may be accelerated
and  Heritage  Bank’s  commitment  to  extend  credit  under  the  Heritage  Bank  Loan  Agreement  may  be  terminated.  The  Heritage  Bank  Loan  Agreement  contains  other
representations and warranties, covenants, and other provisions customary to transactions of this nature.

The outstanding balance on the Credit Facility was $121,474 and $682,211 at December 31, 2018 and 2017 and the remaining available borrowing capacity was approximately
$499,000 and $202,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants.

Cash Flow from Continuing Operations Analysis

Cash used in operating activities of continuing operations was $3,945,742 and $3,594,906 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of December
31, 2018, our primary capital needs included costs incurred to increase energy management sales, inventory procurement, and managing current liabilities. The working capital
changes during the year ended December 31, 2018 were primarily related to an approximate $570,000 decrease in accounts payable, a $512,000 decrease in deferred revenues,
a  $434,000  increase  in  prepaid  expenses,  a  $401,000  increase  in  inventories  and  a  $124,000  decrease  in  customer  deposits.  The  cash  outlays  were  partially  offset  by  an
approximate $144,000 expense related to stock compensation, a $454,000 increase in contract liabilities and a $474,000 decrease in accounts receivable. The primary working
capital change during the year ended December 31, 2017 were primarily related to an approximate $594,000 increase in inventory, a $242,000 increase in accounts receivable, a
$213,000  increase  in  accounts  payable,  a  $207,000  increase  in  deferred  revenue,  a  $41,000  decrease  in  customer  deposits,  a  $97,000  decrease  in  related  party  payable  and
a  $257,000  decrease  in  accrued  liabilities  and  expenses. Accounts  receivable  fluctuates  based  on  the  negotiated  billing  terms  with  customers  and  collections.  We  purchase
inventory based on forecasts and orders, and when those forecasts and orders change, the amount of inventory may also fluctuate. Accounts payable fluctuates with changes in
inventory levels, volume of inventory purchases, and negotiated supplier and vendor terms.

Cash used by investing activities was $10,225 and cash provided by investing activities was $11,861,319 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, the cash used by investing activities reflects the purchases of property and equipment. During the year ended December 31, 2017,
the  cash  provided  by  investing  activities  reflects  the  proceeds  less  adjustments  of  $12,072,811  associated  with  the  sale  of  the  assets  and  certain  liabilities  assumed  of  the
Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, EthoStream. A decrease of $211,492 was associated with the purchase of computer equipment and furniture, fixtures and equipment. Due
to  the  sale  of  EthoStream,  the  Company  extended  the  Waukesha  lease  in  2017,  as  discussed  in  Note  M,  and  refurbished  the  corporate  office  to  accommodate  employee’s
previously working at the Milwaukee operations office.

28

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash used by financing activities was $560,737 and $379,918 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2018,
$3,720,000 was drawn from the line of credit and $4,280,737 was paid on the line of credit. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement for
the  Company’s  line  of  credit  included  the  Company  and  EthoStream  as  co  borrowers.  Upon  closing  the  EthoStream  sale  transaction  on  March  29,  2017,  the  entire  balance
outstanding on the Credit Facility, $1,062,129, was repaid and a net balance of $379,918 was subsequently paid during the year ended December 31, 2017.

We are working to manage our current liabilities while we continue to make changes in operations to improve our cash flow and liquidity position.

Management  expects  that  global  economic  conditions,  in  particular  the  decreasing  price  of  energy,  along  with  competition  will  continue  to  present  a  challenging  operating
environment through 2019; therefore working capital management will continue to be a high priority for 2019. The Company’s estimated cash requirements for our operations
for the next 12 months is not anticipated to differ significantly from our present cash requirements for our continuing operations.

Inflation

We  do  not  believe  that  inflation  has  had  a  material  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations.  If  our  costs  were  to  become  subject  to  significant
inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note B of the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of new accounting pronouncements.

 ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

This item is not applicable.

 ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

See the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto commencing on Page F-1.

 ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

This item is not applicable.

 ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that material information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed under the Exchange
Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to ensure that such information is accumulated and
communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due
to the lack of a segregation of duties and the failure to implement adequate internal control over financial reporting, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer
have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

29

 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The
Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurances  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  the
financial  statements  of  the  Company  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  or  GAAP.  Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over
financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements. Also,  projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may
become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree or compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

With  the  participation  of  our  Chief  Executive  Officer,  our  management  conducted  an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of
December  31,  2018  based  on  the  framework  in  Internal  Control—Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway
Commission ("COSO"). Based on our evaluation and the material weaknesses described below, management concluded that the Company did not maintain effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 based on the COSO framework criteria.

Management  did  not  properly  design  or  maintain  effective  controls  over  the  control  environment  and  monitoring  components  of  COSO.  We  did  not  have  a  sufficient
complement of accounting and financial personnel with an appropriate level of knowledge to address technical accounting and financial reporting matters in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and the Company’s overall financial reporting requirements. We also lack sufficient information technology resources to address our
IT general control environment requirements. The failures within the control environment and monitoring components contributed to the following control activity level material
weaknesses:

·

·

·

·

Revenues – We did not properly design or maintain effective controls over the recording of revenue recognition for contracts whose performance obligations are fulfilled
over time.

Financial  Statement  Close  and  Reporting  –  We  did  not  properly  design  or  maintain  effective  controls  over  the  period  end  financial  close  and  reporting  process.
Specifically,  we  lacked  control  over  the  review  of  account  reconciliations,  journal  entries,  identification  of  related  party  transactions,  and  reporting  of  our  financial
results and disclosures.

Information Technology – We did not properly design or maintain effective controls to prevent unauthorized access to certain systems, programs and data, and provide
for periodic review and monitoring of access and changes in programs, including review of security logs and analysis of segregation of duties conflicts.

Segregation  of  Duties  –  We  did  not  maintain  adequate  segregation  of  duties  within  the  Company’s  business  processes,  financial  applications,  and  IT  systems.
Specifically, we did not have appropriate controls in place to adequately assess the segregation of job responsibilities and system user access for initiating, authorizing,
and recording transactions.

These control deficiencies could result in a misstatement of account balances resulting in a more than remote likelihood that a material misstatement to our financial statements
may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Accordingly, we have determined that these control deficiencies as described above constitute material weaknesses.

We are reviewing actions to remediate the identified material weaknesses. As we continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal controls over financial reporting, our
senior  management  may  determine  to  take  additional  measures  to  address  deficiencies  or  modify  the  remediation  efforts.  Until  the  remediation  efforts  that  our  senior
management identifies as necessary, are completed, tested and determined effective, the material weaknesses described above will continue to exist. At present, the Company
does not expect to hire additional personnel to remediate these control deficiencies in the near future.

In light of these material weaknesses, we performed additional analyses and procedures in order to conclude that our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year
ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K were fairly stated in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, management believes that despite
our material weaknesses, our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are fairly stated, in all material respects, in accordance with GAAP.

Under  applicable  Securities  Law,  the  Company  is  not  required  to  obtain  an  attestation  report  from  the  Company's  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  regarding
internal control over financial reporting, and accordingly, such an attestation has not been obtained or included in this Annual Report.

Changes in Internal Controls

Other than the material weaknesses discussed above, during the year ended December 31, 2018, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that
have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.

 ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

 PART III

Pursuant to General Instruction G(3), information on directors and executive officers of the Registrant and corporate governance matters is incorporated by reference from our
definitive proxy statement for the annual shareholder meeting to be held on May 23, 2019.

Code of Ethics

The Board has approved, and Telkonet has adopted, a Code of Ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees of the Company. A copy of the Company’s Code of
Ethics was filed as Exhibit 14 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2003 (filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
March 30, 2004). In addition, the Company will provide a copy of its Code of Ethics free of charge upon request to any person submitting a written request to the Company’s
Chief Executive Officer.

 ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

Pursuant  to  General  Instruction  G(3),  information  on  executive  compensation  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  our  definitive  proxy  statement  for  the  annual  shareholder
meeting to be held on May 23, 2019.

 ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

Pursuant  to  General  Instructions  G(3),  information  on  security  ownership  of  certain  beneficial  owners  and  management  and  related  stockholder  matters  are  incorporated  by
reference from our definitive proxy statement for the annual shareholder meeting to be held on May 23, 2019.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table provides information concerning securities authorized for issuance pursuant to equity compensation plans approved by the Company’s stockholders and
equity compensation plans not approved by the Company’s stockholders as of December 31, 2018.

Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights
(a)
3,599,793   
–   
3,599,793   

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights    
(b)

$

$

0.16   
–   
0.16   

Number of
securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity
compensation plans
(excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))
(c)
1,606,549 
– 
1,606,549 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
Total

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.

Pursuant to General Instruction G(3), information on certain relationships and related transactions and director independence is incorporated by reference from our definitive
proxy statement for the annual shareholder meeting to be held on May 23, 2019.

 ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.

Pursuant  to  General  Instruction  G(3),  information  on  principal  accounting  fees  and  services  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  our  definitive  proxy  statement  for  the  annual
shareholder meeting to be held on May 23, 2019.

32

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

(a) Documents filed as part of this report.

 PART IV

(1) Financial Statements. The following financial statements are included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
Report of BDO USA, LLP on Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(2) Financial Statement Schedules

Additional Schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the financial statements or related notes.

(3) Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
The following exhibits are included herein or incorporated by reference:

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number
2.1

2.2

2.3

3.1
3.2
3.3

3.4
3.5

4.1
4.2
4.3
10.1

10.4

10.5

10.6
10.7 
10.8

10.9

10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13

10.14

  Description Of Document

  Asset Purchase Agreement by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Smart Systems International, dated as of February 23, 2007  (incorporated by reference to our Form

8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on March 2, 2007)

  Unit Purchase Agreement by and among Telkonet, Inc., EthoStream, LLC and the members of EthoStream, LLC dated as of March 15, 2007  (incorporated by

reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on March 19, 2007)

  Asset Purchase Agreement  by  and  among  EthoStream,  LLC,  Telkonet,  Inc.,  and  DCI-Design  Communications,  dated  as  of  March  28,  2017   (incorporated  by

reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on March 31, 2017)

  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to our Form S-8 (File No. 333-47986), filed on October 16, 2000)
  Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-1(File No. 333-108307), filed on August 28, 2003
  Amendment to  Amended  and  Restated  Articles  of  Incorporation  of  the  Company   (incorporated by  reference  to  our  Form  8-K  (File  No.  001-31972),  filed

November 18, 2009)

  Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on August 9, 2010)
  Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company,  (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on April

13, 2011)

  Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on November 18, 2009)
  Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on August 9, 2010)
  Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on April 13, 2011)
  Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-161909), filed on September 14,

2009)

  Series A Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock Securities Purchase Agreement, dated November 16, 2009 (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File

No. 001-31972) filed on November 18, 2009)

  Series A Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 16, 2009 (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File

No. 001-31972) filed on November 18, 2009)

  Form of Executive Officer Reimbursement Agreement (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on November 18, 2009)
  Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to our Form 10-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on March 31, 2010)
  Series B Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 4, 2010 (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No.

001-31972) filed on August 9, 2010)

  Series B Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 4, 2010 (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No.

001-31972) filed on August 9, 2010)

  Form of Director Reimbursement Agreement (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on August 9, 2010)
  Form of Transition Agreement and Release (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed on August 9, 2010)
  2010 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement filed on Form S-8 (File No. 333-175737) filed July 22, 2011)
  Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 8, 2011, by and among Telkonet, Inc. and the parties listed therein, (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File

No. 001-31972) filed on April 13, 2011)

  Registration Rights Agreement, dated April 8, 2011, by and among Telkonet, Inc. and the parties listed therein, (incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File

No. 001-31972) filed on April 13, 2011)

*10.15
*10.16

  Employment Agreement by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Jason L. Tienor, dated as October 1, 2018
  Employment Agreement by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Jeffrey J. Sobieski, dated as of October 1, 2018

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
*10.17
10.18

  Employment Agreement by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Richard E. Mushrush, dated as of October 1, 2018
  Loan and Security Agreement, dated September 30, 2014, by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce (incorporated by reference to our Form

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

14
21
23
31.1
31.2
32.1

8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed October 2, 2014)

  First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated February 17, 2016, by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce (incorporated by

reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed February 23, 2016)

  Second Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated October 27, 2016, by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce (incorporated by

reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed October 28, 2016)

  2010 Amended and Restated Stock Option and Incentive Plan (amended and restated effective as of November 17, 2016, incorporated by reference as an exhibit

to Form 10-K (File No. 001-31972) filed April 3, 2017)

  Sixth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated October 23, 2017, by and between Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce (incorporated by

reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed October 26, 2017)

  Seventh Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement entered into as of February 2, 2018, by and among Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce

(incorporated by reference to our Form 10-Q (File No. 001-31972) filed November 14, 2018)

  Eighth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement entered into as of April 5, 2018, by and among Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce (incorporated

by reference to our Form 10-Q (File No. 001-31972) filed November 14, 2018)

  Ninth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement entered into as of November 7, 2018, by and among Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce

(incorporated by reference to our Form 10-Q (File No. 001-31972) filed November 14, 2018)

  Tenth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement entered into as of February 12, 2019, by and among Telkonet, Inc. and Heritage Bank of Commerce

(incorporated by reference to our Form 8-K (File No. 001-31972) filed February 14, 2019

  Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to our Form 10-KSB (File No. 001-31972), filed on March 30, 2004)
  Telkonet, Inc. Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference to our Form 10-K (File No. 001-31972) filed March 16, 2007)
  Consent of BDO USA, LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
  Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of Jason L. Tienor
  Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of Richard E. Mushrush
  Certification of Jason L. Tienor pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2
101.INS
101.SCH

  Certification of Richard E. Mushrush pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  XBRL Instance Document
  XBRL Schema Document

* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

 ITEM 16.  FORM 10-K SUMMARY.

None.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.

 SIGNATURES

Dated: April 1, 2019

TELKONET, INC.

/s/ Jason L. Tienor
Jason L. Tienor
Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.

Name

Position

/s/ Jason L. Tienor
Jason Tienor

/s/ Richard E. Mushrush

/s/Arthur E. Byrnes
Arthur E. Byrnes

/s/ Tim S. Ledwick
Tim S. Ledwick

/s/ Peter T. Kross
Peter T. Kross

/s/ Leland D. Blatt
Leland D. Blatt

Chief Executive Officer and Director
(principal executive officer)

Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)

Chairman of the Board

Director

Director

Director

36

Date

April 1, 2019

April 1, 2019

April 1, 2019

April 1, 2019

April 1, 2019

April 1, 2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

FORMING A PART OF ANNUAL REPORT
PURSUANT TO THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

TELKONET, INC.

F-1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.

Index to Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  F-3

  F-4

  F-5

  F-6 - F-7

  F-8 - F-9

  F-10

F-2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and Board of Directors
Telkonet, Inc.
Waukesha, Wisconsin

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Telkonet, Inc. (the “Company”) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated
statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company and subsidiaries at December 31, 2018 and
2017,  and  the  results  of  their  operations  and  their  cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended,  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of
America.

Going Concern Uncertainty

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  assuming  that  the  Company  will  continue  as  a  going  concern.  As  discussed  in  Note  A  to  the
consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations, has negative operating cash flow and is dependent upon its ability to generate
profitable operations in the future and/or obtain additional financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due
that  raise  substantial  doubt  about  its  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Management’s  plans  in  regard  to  these  matters  are  also  described  in  Note A.  The  consolidated
financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Change in Accounting Principles – Related to Revenue Recognition

As discussed in Notes A, B and C to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for revenue from contracts with customers in the
year 2018 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

Basis for Opinion

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  consolidated
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are
required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but
not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing
procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of
the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2013.

Milwaukee, Wisconsin
April 1, 2019

F-3

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

December 31,
2018

December 31,
2017

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash on deposit
Accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Contract assets
Prepaid expenses
Income taxes receivable

Total current assets

Property and equipment, net

Other assets:
Deposits

Total other assets

Total Assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Line of credit
Contract liabilities – current
Deferred revenue – current
Customer deposits
Total current liabilities

Long-term liabilities:

Contract liabilities – long term
Deferred revenue - long term
Deferred lease liability - long term

Total long-term liabilities
Total Liabilities

Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ Equity

Series A, par value $.001 per share; 215 shares issued, 185 shares outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017,
preference in liquidation of $1,600,168 and $1,526,141 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively
Series B, par value $.001 per share; 538 shares issued, 52 shares outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017,

preference in liquidation of $435,081 and $414,258 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively

Common stock, par value $.001 per share; 190,000,000 shares authorized; 134,793,211 and 133,695,111 shares

issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively

Additional paid-in-capital
Accumulated deficit
Total stockholders’ equity

$

$

$

$

$

4,678,891   
–   
1,081,291   
1,790,919   
314,749   
577,386   
19,695   
8,462,931   

247,289   

17,130   
17,130   

8,385,595 
810,000 
1,610,286 
1,259,536 
– 
143,566 
17,300 
12,226,283 

304,170 

17,130 
17,130 

8,727,350   

$

12,547,583 

408,045   
656,611   
121,474   
1,070,502   
–   
–   
2,256,632   

162,121   
–   
71,877   
233,998   
2,490,630    

$

$

1,340,566   

362,059   

134,792   
127,570,709   
(123,171,406)  
6,236,720   

978,207 
668,814 
682,211 
– 
292,106 
124,380 
2,745,718 

– 
219,960 
48,839 
268,799 
3,014,517  

1,340,566 

362,059 

133,695 
127,421,402 
(119,724,656)
9,533,066 

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

$

8,727,350   

$

12,547,583 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-4

 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

Revenues, net:
Product
Recurring

Total Net Revenues

Cost of Sales:
Product
Recurring

Total Cost of Sales

Gross Profit

Operating Expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Depreciation and amortization

Total Operating Expenses

Operating Loss

Other Income:

Interest income, net

Total Other Income

Loss from Continuing Operations before Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for Income Taxes

Net loss from continuing operations

Discontinued Operations:

Gain from sale of discontinued operations (net of tax)
Income from Discontinued Operations (net of tax)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

Net income (loss) per common share:

Basic - continuing operations
Basic - discontinued operations

Basic - net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

Diluted - continuing operations
Diluted - discontinued operations
Diluted - net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

2018

2017

$

7,616,415   
815,564   
8,431,979   

4,392,643   
269,443   
4,662,086   

3,769,893   

1,879,676   
4,843,859   
67,107   
6,790,642   

7,798,680 
483,889 
8,282,569 

4,261,100 
176,131 
4,437,231 

3,845,338 

1,770,597 
5,512,925 
51,229 
7,334,751 

(3,020,749)  

(3,489,413)

13,622   
13,622   

(3,007,127)  

9,623   
(3,016,750)  

–   
–   
(3,016,750)  

(0.02)  
0.00   
(0.02)  

(0.02)  
0.00   
(0.02)  

$

$
$
$

$
$
$

2,434 
2,434 

(3,486,979)

9,762 
(3,496,741)

6,630,244 
612,875 
3,746,378 

(0.03)
0.05 
0.03 

(0.03)
0.05 
0.03 

$

$

$
$
$

$
$
$

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding used in computing basic net loss per share
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding used in computing diluted net loss per share

134,055,098   
134,055,098   

133,116,491 
133,116,491 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-5

 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

Balance at January
1, 2017

Shares issued to
directors at $0.15
per share

Stock-based
compensation
expense related to
employee stock
options

Net income
attributable to
common
stockholders

Balance at
December 31,
2017

Series A
Preferred
Stock
Shares

Series A

Preferred Stock   

Amount

Series B
Preferred
Stock
Shares

Series B
Preferred
Stock
Amount

Common
Shares

Common 
Stock
Amount

Additional 
Paid-in
Capital

Accumulated  
Deficit

Total 
Stockholders’ 
Equity

185   

$

1,340,566   

52   

$

362,059 

132,744,475 

$

132,774 

$

126,955,435 

$ (123,471,034)  

$

5,319,800 

–   

–   

–   

–   

–   

–   

–   

–   

–   

– 

– 

– 

920,636 

921 

143,079 

– 

144,000 

– 

– 

– 

– 

322,888 

– 

322,888 

– 

3,746,378 

3,746,378 

185   

$

1,340,566   

52   

$

362,059 

133,695,111 

$

133,695 

$

127,421,402 

$ (119,724,656)  

$

9,533,066 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

F-6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

Series A
Preferred
Stock
Shares

Series A
Preferred
Stock
Amount

Series B
Preferred
Stock
Shares

Series B
Preferred
Stock
Amount

Balance at January 1, 2018

185 

  $

1,340,566 

52 

  $

362,059 

Common
Shares
133,695,111 

Common 
Stock
Amount

  $

133,695 

  $

Additional 
Paid-in
Capital
127,421,402 

Accumulated
Deficit
(119,724,656)   $

  $

Total 
Stockholders’
Equity

9,533,066 

January 1, 2018, Cumulative
effect of a change in
accounting principle related
to ASC 606, net of tax
Shares issued to directors

Stock-based compensation
expense related to employee
stock options

Net loss attributable to
common stockholders

Balance at December 31,
2018

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
1,098,100 

– 
1,097 

– 
142,903 

(430,000)  

– 

– 

(430,000)
144,000 

6,404 

– 

– 

– 

– 

6,404 

– 

(3,016,750)   

(3,016,750) 

185 

  $

1,340,566 

52 

  $

362,059 

134,793,211 

  $

134,792 

  $

127,570,709 

  $

(123,171,406)   $

6,236,720 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

F-7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

2018

2017

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)
Less: Net income from discontinued operations
Gain on sale of discontinued operations
Net loss from continuing operations

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) from continuing operations to cash used in operating activities of

continuing operations:

Stock-based compensation expense
Stock issued to directors as compensation
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for doubtful accounts, net of recoveries
Reserve for inventory obsolescence

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Deposits and other long term assets
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities and expenses
Contract liability
Deferred revenue
Related party payable
Customer deposits
Contract assets
Income taxes receivable
Deferred lease liability
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities of Continuing Operations
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities of Discontinued Operations
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchase of property and equipment
Net proceeds from sale of subsidiary
Net Cash (Used In) Provided By Investing Activities of Continuing Operations

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from line of credit
Payments on line of credit
Net Cash Used In Financing Activities of Continuing Operations

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the consolidated balance sheets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-8

$

$

$

$

$

(3,016,750)  
–   
–   
(3,016,750)  

6,404   
144,000   
67,107   
55,152   
(130,749)  

473,845   
(400,637)  
(433,820)  
–   
(570,162)  
(12,203)  
453,623   
(512,066)  
–   
(124,380)  
34,251   
(2,395)  
23,038   
(3,945,742)  
–   
(3,945,742)  

(10,225)  
–   
(10,225)  

3,720,000   
(4,280,737)  
(560,737)  

(4,516,704)  
9,195,595   
4,678,891   

4,678,891   
–   
4,678,891   

$

$

$

3,746,378 
(612,875)
(6,630,244)
(3,496,741)

322,888 
144,000 
51,229 
35,187 
111,400 

(241,701)
(593,734)
61,762 
(17,130)
212,590 
(256,767)
– 
206,852 
(97,127)
(41,450)
– 
(17,300)
21,136 
(3,594,906)
517,242 
(3,077,664)

(211,492)
12,072,811 
11,861,319 

4,373,600 
(4,753,518)
(379,918)

8,403,737 
791,858 
9,195,595 

8,385,595 
810,000 
9,195,595 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:

Cash transactions:
Cash paid during the year for interest
Cash paid during the year for income taxes, net of refunds
Non-cash transactions:
Issuance of stock to directors

2018

2017

$

$

32,662   
12,410   

$

144,000   

$

17,173 
139,823 

144,000 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-9

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TELKONET, INC.
 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE A – BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows.

Business and Basis of Presentation

Telkonet,  Inc.  (the  “Company”,  “Telkonet”),  formed  in  1999  and  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  state  of  Utah,  is  the  creator  of  the  EcoSmart  Platform  of  intelligent
automation solutions designed to optimize energy efficiency, comfort and analytics in support of the emerging Internet of Things (“IoT”).

In 2007, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Smart Systems International (“SSI”), which was a provider of energy management products and solutions to
customers  in  the  United  States  and  Canada  and  the  precursor  to  the  Company’s  EcoSmart  platform.  The  EcoSmart  platform  provides  comprehensive  savings,  management
reporting,  analytics  and  virtual  engineering  of  a  customer’s  portfolio  and/or  property’s  room-by-room  energy  consumption.  Telkonet  has  deployed  more  than  a  half  million
intelligent devices worldwide in properties within the hospitality, military, educational, healthcare and other commercial markets. The EcoSmart platform is recognized as a
solution  for  reducing  energy  consumption,  operational  costs  and  carbon  footprints,  and  eliminating  the  need  for  new  energy  generation  in  these  marketplaces  –  all  whilst
improving occupant comfort and convenience.

On March 28, 2017, the Company sold substantially all of the assets of its wholly-owned subsidiary, EthoStream, LLC. Refer to Note P for further details.

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiaries,  Telkonet  Communications,  Inc.,  and  EthoStream,  LLC.  The
accounts of EthoStream, LLC have been classified as discontinued operations on the consolidated statement of operations and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the
year  ended  December  31,  2017.  The  Company  deconsolidated  EthoStream,  LLC  on  March  29,  2017,  when  the  Company  had  sold  its  controlling  financial  interest  in  this
subsidiary, refer to Note P for further discussion on discontinued operations and the sale of EthoStream, LLC. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been
eliminated in consolidation. We currently operate in a single reportable business segment.

Unless otherwise noted, all financial information in the consolidated financial statement footnotes reflect the Company’s results from continuing operations.

Going Concern and Management’s Plan

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes the Company will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in
the normal course of business for the foreseeable future and, thus, do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of assets and liabilities that
may be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

Since inception through December 31, 2018, we have incurred cumulative losses of $123,171,406 and have never generated enough funds through operations to support our
business. For the year ended December 31, 2018, we had an operating cash flow deficit of $3,945,742 from continuing operations. The Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern  is  dependent  upon  generating  profitable  operations  in  the  future  and  obtaining  the  necessary  financing  to  meet  its  obligations  and  repay  its  liabilities  arising  from
normal business operations when they come due. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to secure such financing at commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
If  cash  resources  become  insufficient  to  meet  the  Company’s  ongoing  obligations,  the  Company  will  be  required  to  scale  back  or  discontinue  portions  of  its  operations  or
discontinue operations entirely, whereby, the Company’s shareholders may lose some or all of their investment.

F-10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We have not identified, and cannot be certain we will be able to identify, a course of action that guarantees the achievement of profitable operations in the foreseeable future. In
June 2018, the Company’s Board engaged an investment bank to strategic alternatives to maximize shareholder value, including but not limited to, a sale of the Company, an
investment in the Company, a merger or other business combination, a sale of all or substantially all assets or a strategic joint venture. At April 1, 2019, no definitive alternatives
had been identified.

At December 31, 2018, the Company had approximately $4,678,891 of cash and approximately $500,000 of availability on its credit facility. The Company currently expects to
draw on these cash reserves and utilize the credit facility to finance its near term working capital needs. It expects to continue to incur operating losses and negative operating
cash flows for one year beyond the date of these financial statements. Accordingly, and in light of the Company’s historic and continuing losses, there is substantial doubt about
the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments and related items, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and trade receivables.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments with credit quality institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of the FDIC insurance limit. The
Company  has  never  experienced  any  losses  related  to  these  balances.  With  respect  to  trade  receivables,  the  Company  performs  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  its  customers’
financial conditions and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary. The Company provides credit to its customers primarily in the United States in the normal
course of business. The Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and, as a consequence, believes its trade receivables credit risk exposure is limited.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company records allowances for doubtful accounts based on customer-specific
analysis  and  general  matters  such  as  current  assessment  of  past  due  balances  and  economic  conditions.  The  Company  writes  off  accounts  receivable  when  they  become
uncollectible. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $65,542 and $22,173 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Management identifies a delinquent customer based
upon the delinquent payment status of an outstanding invoice, generally greater than 30 days past due date. The delinquent account designation does not trigger an accounting
transaction  until  such  time  the  account  is  deemed  uncollectible.  The  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  determined  by  examining  the  reserve  history  and  any  outstanding
invoices that are over 30 days past due as of the end of the reporting period. Accounts are deemed uncollectible on a case-by-case basis, at management’s discretion based upon
an examination of the communication with the delinquent customer and payment history. Typically, accounts are only escalated to “uncollectible” status after multiple attempts
at collection have proven unsuccessful.

The allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

Beginning balance
Provision charged to expense
Deductions
Ending balance

$

$

2018

2017

22,173   
55,152   
(11,783)  
65,542   

$

$

34,573 
35,187 
(47,587)
22,173 

F-11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inventories

Inventories  consist  of  thermostats,  sensors  and  controllers  for  Telkonet’s  EcoSmart  product  platform.  These  inventories  are  purchased  for  resale  and  do  not  include
manufacturing  labor  and  overhead.  Inventories  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realizable  value  determined  by  the  first  in,  first  out  (FIFO)  method.  The  Company’s
inventories are subject to technological obsolescence. Management evaluates the net realizable value of its inventories on a quarterly basis and when it is determined that the
Company’s carrying cost of such excess and obsolete inventories cannot be recovered in full, a charge is taken against income for the difference between the carrying cost and
the estimated realizable amount. The reserve for inventory obsolescence balance was approximately $114,000 and $245,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018, and 2017,
respectively.

Property and Equipment

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ASC 360 “Property Plant and Equipment”, property and equipment is stated at cost and is depreciated using the straight-
line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives range from 2 to 10 years.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company accounts for the fair value of financial instruments in accordance with ASC 820, which defines fair value for accounting purposes, established a framework for
measuring fair value and expanded disclosure requirements regarding fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as an exit price, which is the price that would be received
upon  sale  of  an  asset  or  paid  upon  transfer  of  a  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  The  degree  of  judgment  utilized  in
measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities generally correlates to the level of pricing observability. Financial assets and liabilities with readily available, actively quoted
prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices in active markets generally have more pricing observability and require less judgment in measuring
fair value. Conversely, financial assets and liabilities that are rarely traded or not quoted have less price observability and are generally measured at fair value using valuation
models that require more judgment. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price
transparency of the asset, liability or market and the nature of the asset or liability. The Company categorizes financial assets and liabilities that are recurring, at fair value into a
three-level hierarchy in accordance with these provisions.

·

·

·

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
or

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and are unobservable.

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash on deposit, accounts receivable, accounts payable, line of credit, and certain accrued
liabilities. The carrying amounts of these assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments (Level 1 instruments), except for the line of
credit. The carrying amount of the line of credit approximates fair value due to the interest rate and terms approximating those available to the Company for similar obligations
(Level 2 instruments).

Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable in
accordance with ASC 360-10. Recoverability is measured by comparison of the carrying amount to the future net cash flows which the assets are expected to generate. If such
assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds their fair value. Based on
the assessment for impairment performed during 2018 and 2017, no impairment was recorded.

F-12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (Loss) per Common Share

The  Company  computes  earnings  per  share  under ASC  260-10,  “Earnings  Per  Share”.    Basic  net  income  (loss)  per  common  share  is  computed  using  the  weighted  average
shares outstanding. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed using the treasury stock method, which assumes that the proceeds to be received on exercise of
outstanding stock options and warrants are used to repurchase shares of the Company at the average market price of the common shares for the year. Dilutive common stock
equivalents consist of shares issuable upon the exercise of the Company's outstanding stock options and warrants. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were
3,599,793 and 4,626,474 shares of common stock underlying options and warrants excluded due to these instruments being anti-dilutive, respectively.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States of America (U.S.) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make
certain  estimates,  judgments  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the
financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters such as revenue
recognition  and  allowances  for  uncollectible  accounts  receivable,  inventory  obsolescence,  depreciation  and  amortization,  long-lived  assets,  taxes  and  related  valuation
allowance, income tax provisions, stock-based compensation, and contingencies. The Company believes that the estimates, judgments and assumptions are reasonable, based on
information available at the time they are made. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10 “Income Taxes.” Under this method, deferred income taxes (when required) are provided based on the
difference between the financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating losses at the statutory rates enacted for future periods. The Company
has a policy of establishing a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of its deferred income tax assets in the future.

The Company adopted ASC 740-10-25, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax
position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740-10-25 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, treatment of interest and penalties, and disclosure
of such positions. The Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 to address uncertainty regarding the application of ASC 740 to the income tax
effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, signed into law on December 22, 2017. The bulletin provides a measurement period (not to exceed one year from the Tax Act enactment
date) for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects is incomplete, but is able to determine
a  reasonable  estimate,  it  must  record  a  provisional  estimate  in  the  financial  statements.  If  a  company  cannot  determine  a  provisional  estimate  in  the  financial  statements,  it
should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. The company was able to
make reasonable estimates of certain effects and, therefore, recorded non-material provisional adjustments.

The revaluation of the net deferred tax assets resulted in an increase to tax expense of $12.72 million.  This was offset by the revaluation of the valuation allowance of $13.71
million.  The sale of EthoStream generated income, resulting in an increase to tax expense of $1.067 million. Tax credits generated during the year resulted in a tax benefit of
$.07 million.

The  provision  for  income  taxes  was  $.001  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  relatively  unchanged  from  the  prior  year  amount  of  $.001  million.  The  effective
income tax rate was 0.3% for the year ended December 31, 2018 similarly to 0.3% for the prior year. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax
legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which effectively lower the federal tax rate from 35% to 21%. For the year ended December 31,
2018, the Company has recorded all known and estimable impacts of the Tax Act that are effective for 2018.

F-13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606, the Standard”) supersedes nearly all legacy revenue recognition guidance.
ASC 606, the Standard outlines a comprehensive five-step revenue recognition model based on the principle that an entity should recognize revenue based on when it satisfies
its  performance  obligations  by  transferring  control  of  promised  goods  or  services  in  an  amount  that  reflects  the  consideration  to  which  the  entity  expects  to  be  entitled  in
exchange for said goods or services.

Identify the customer contracts

The Company accounts for a customer contract under ASC 606 when the contract is legally enforceable. A contract is legally enforceable when all of the following criteria are
met: (1) the contract has been approved by the Company and the customer and both parties are committed to perform their respective obligations, (2) the Company can identify
each  party’s  rights  regarding  goods  or  services  transferred,  (3)  the  Company  can  identify  payment  terms  for  goods  or  services  transferred,  (4)  the  contract  has  commercial
substance, and (5) collectability of all the consideration to which the Company is entitled in exchange for the goods or services transferred is probable.

A contract does not exist if each party to the contract has the unilateral right to terminate a wholly unperformed contract without compensating the other party (or parties).
Nearly all of the Company’s contracts do not contain such mutual termination rights for convenience. All contracts are in written form.

Identify the performance obligations

The Company will enter into product only contracts that contain a single performance obligation related to the transfer of EcoSmart products to a customer.

The Company will also enter into certain customer contracts that encompass product and  installation  services,  referred  to  as  “turnkey”  solutions.  These  contracts  ultimately
provide the customer with a solution that enhances the functionality of the customer’s existing equipment. For this reason, the Company has determined that the product and
installation services are not separately identifiable performance obligations, but in essence represent one, combined performance obligation (“turnkey”).

The Company also offers technical phone support services to customers. This service is considered a separate performance obligation.

Determine the transaction price

The Company generally enters into contracts containing fixed prices. It is not customary for the Company to include contract terms that would result in variable consideration.
In the rare situation that a contract does include this type  of  provision,  it  is  not  expected  to  result  in  a  material  adjustment  to  the  transaction  price.  The  Company  regularly
extends pricing discounts; however, they are negotiated up front and adjust the fixed transaction price set out in the contract.

Customer  contracts  will  typically  contain  upfront  deposits  that  will  be  applied  against  future  invoices,  as  well  as  customer  retainage.  The  intent  of  any  required  deposit  or
retainage is to ensure that the obligations of either party are honored and follow customary industry practices. In addition, the Company will typically be paid in advance at the
beginning of any support contracts, consistent with industry practices. None of these payment provisions are intended to represent significant implicit financing. The Company’s
standard payment terms are thirty days from invoice date. Products are fully refundable when returned in their original packaging without damage or defacing less a restocking
fee.  Historical  returns  have  shown  to  be  immaterial.  The  Company  offers  a  standard  one-year  assurance  warranty.  However  customers  can  purchase  an  extended  warranty.
Under  the  new  standard,  extended  warranties  are  accounted  for  as  a  service  warranty,  requiring  the  revenue  to  be  recognized  over  the  extended  service  periods.  Contracts
involving an extended warranty are immaterial and will continue to be combined with support revenue and recognized on a straight-line basis over the support revenue term.

F-14

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations

Revenues from customer contracts are allocated to the separate performance obligations based on their relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) at contract inception. The SSP
is the price at which the Company would sell a promised good or service separately. The best evidence of an SSP is the observable price of a good or service when the entity
sells that good or service separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. However, turnkey solutions are sold for a broad range of amounts resulting from, but not
limited  to,  tiered  discounting  for  value  added  resellers  (“VAR”)  based  upon  committed  volumes  and  other  economic  factors.  Due  to  the  high  variability  of  our  pricing,  the
Company  cannot  establish  a  reliable  SSP  using  observable  data.  Accordingly,  the  Company  uses  the  residual  approach  to  allocate  the  transaction  price  to  performance
obligations  related  to  its  turnkey  solutions.  When  support  services  are  not  included  within  the  turnkey  solution,  the  residual  method  is  not  utilized  and  no  allocation  of  the
transaction price to the performance obligation is necessary.

All support service agreements, whether single or multi-year terms, automatically renew for one-year terms at a suggested retail price (“SRP”). Support service renewals are
consistently priced and therefore would support the use of SRP as the best estimate of an SSP for such performance obligations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenues from product only sales at a point in time, when control over the product has transferred to the customer. As the Company’s principal terms
of sale are FOB shipping point, the Company primarily transfers control and records revenue for product only sales upon shipment.

A typical turnkey project involves the installation and integration of 200-300 rooms in a customer-controlled facility and usually takes sixty days to complete. Since control
over  goods  and  services  transfers  to  a  customer  once  a  room  is  installed,  the  Company  recognizes  revenue  for  turnkey  solutions  over  time.  The  Company  uses  an  outputs
measure based on the number of rooms installed to recognize revenues from turnkey solutions.

Revenues from support services are recognized over time, in even daily increments over the term of the contract, and are presented as “Recurring Revenue” in the Statement of
Operations.

Contract liabilities include deferrals for the monthly support service fees. Long-term contract liabilities represent support service fees that will be recognized as revenue after
December 31, 2019.

Contract Fulfillment Cost

The Company recognizes related costs of the contract over time in relation to the revenue recognition. Costs included within the projects relate to the cost of material, direct
labor and costs of outside services utilized to complete projects. . These are presented as “Contract assets” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Transition

The Company adopted ASC 606 using a modified retrospective approach to all contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1,
2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under
Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The Company recorded a net decrease to beginning retained earnings of $0.43 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of
adopting ASC 606. The impact to beginning retained earnings was primarily driven by the deferral of revenue for unfulfilled performance obligations related to the Company’s
turnkey solutions.

Sales Taxes

Unless provided with a resale or tax exemption certificate, the Company assesses and collects sales tax on sales transactions and records the amount as a liability. It is recognized
as a liability until remitted to the applicable state. Total revenues do not include sales tax as the Company is considered a pass through conduit for collecting and remitting sales
taxes.

Guarantees and Product Warranties

The Company records a liability for potential warranty claims in cost of sales at the time of sale. The amount of the liability is based on the trend in the historical ratio of claims
to sales, the historical length of time between the sale and resulting warranty claim, new product introductions and other factors. The products sold are generally covered by a
warranty for a period of one year. In the event the Company determines that its current or future product repair and replacement costs exceed its estimates, an adjustment to
these reserves would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company experienced returns of
approximately 1% to 3% of material’s included in cost of sales. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded warranty liabilities in the amount of $46,103 and
$59,892, respectively, using this experience factor range.

F-15

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product warranties for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

Beginning balance
Warranty claims incurred
Provision charged to expense
Ending balance

Advertising

$

$

2018

2017

59,892   
(28,000)  
14,211   
46,103   

$

$

95,540 
(84,087)
48,439 
59,892 

The Company follows the policy of charging the costs of advertising to expenses as incurred. The Company incurred $108,632 and $33,520 in advertising costs during the years
ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Research and Development

The  Company  accounts  for  research  and  development  costs  in  accordance  with  the  ASC  730-10,  “Research  and  Development”.  Under  ASC  730-10,  all  research  and
development  costs  must  be  charged  to  expense  as  incurred.  Accordingly,  internal  research  and  development  costs  are  expensed  as  incurred.  Third-party  research  and
development costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved. Company-sponsored research and development costs
related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred. Total expenditures on research and product development for 2018 and 2017 were $1,879,676 and
$1,770,597, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based awards in accordance with ASC 718-10, “Share-Based Compensation”, which requires a fair value measurement and recognition of
compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to the Company’s employees and directors, including employee stock options and restricted stock awards. The
Company  estimates  the  fair  value  of  stock  options  granted  using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model.  This  model  requires  the  Company  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions
including,  among  other  things,  estimates  regarding  the  length  of  time  an  employee  will  hold  vested  stock  options  before  exercising  them,  the  estimated  volatility  of  the
Company’s common stock price and the number of options that will be forfeited prior to vesting. The fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite
service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. Changes in these estimates and assumptions can materially affect the determination of the fair value of
stock-based compensation and consequently, the related amount recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

The  expected  term  of  the  options  represents  the  estimated  period  of  time  until  exercise  and  is  based  on  historical  experience  of  similar  awards,  giving  consideration  to  the
contractual terms, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. For 2018 and prior years, expected stock price volatility is based on the historical volatility
of the Company’s stock for the related expected term.

Stock-based compensation expense in connection with options granted to employees for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $6,405 and $322,888, respectively.

Deferred Lease Liability

Rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rent escalations and rent abatement periods during the term of the lease create a deferred lease
liability which represents the excess of cumulative rent expense recorded to date over the actual rent paid to date.

Reclassification

Certain  prior  year  amounts  have  been  reclassified  to  conform  to  the  current  year  presentation  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  accompanying  notes  to  the
consolidated financial statements.

F-16

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE B – NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13
provides guidance for estimating credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, by introducing an approach based on expected losses. The
expected loss approach will require entities to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13
also amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The guidance is effective for fiscal
years  beginning  after  December  15,  2019,  including  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.  The  guidance  requires  a  modified  retrospective  transition  method  and  early
adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”), subsequently amended in 2018 by ASU 2018-10, ASU
2018-11 and ASU 2018-20 and codified in ASC 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). ASC 842 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods
thereafter. Earlier application is permitted, however the Company will not do so. ASC 842 supersedes current lease guidance in ASC 840 and requires a lessee to recognize a
right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability for substantially all leases. The lease liability will be equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments while the
right-of-use asset will be similarly calculated and then adjusted for initial direct costs. In addition, ASC 842 expands the disclosure requirements to increase the transparency
and comparability of the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.

We will elect available practical expedients permitted under the guidance, which among other items, allow the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification and
not reassess leases for the definition of lease under the new standard. Upon the adoption of ASC 842, we do not expect to record a right-of-use asset and related lease liability
for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less and we plan to account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

ASU  2016-02  may  be  applied  using  either  an  optional  alternative  approach,  under  which  all  years  included  in  the  financial  statements  will  be  presented  under  the  revised
guidance, a modified retrospective approach, under which financial statements will be prepared under the revised guidance for the year of adoption, but not for prior years, or a
new transition alternative approach, under which the standard is adopted and measured from the first date of the fiscal year under adoption, in this case January 1, 2019. We
adopted the new transition alternative approach, where entities will measure current leases from date of adoption, January 1, 2019. Initial direct costs are to be recognized as a
cumulative catch-up adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on January 1, 2019. The Company did not incur any initial direct costs upon the initial assessment
of leases and thus will not be require a cumulative catch-up adjustment.

We  expect  to  recognize  additional  lease  assets  and  liabilities  of  approximately  $1.0  million  and  $1.1  million,  respectively,  to  reflect  the  present  value  of  remaining  lease
payments under existing leasing arrangements. The cumulative impact of adopting ASC 842 is based on the Company’s best estimates at the time of the preparation of the
consolidated financial statements. Our conclusions are preliminary and subject to change as we finalize our analysis. Changes in our lease population or changes in incremental
borrowing rates may alter these estimates. We will expand our consolidated financial statement disclosure upon adoption of the new standard. We do not expect significant
changes to our business processes, systems, or internal controls as a result of implementing the standard.

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

Effective  January  1,  2018,  the  Company  has  adopted Accounting  Standards  Codification  Topic  606,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (“ASC  606,  the  Standard”),
which supersedes nearly all legacy revenue recognition guidance. ASC 606 outlines a comprehensive five-step revenue recognition model based on the principle that an entity
should  recognize  revenue  based  on  when  an  it  satisfies  its  performance  obligations  by  transferring  control  of  promised  goods  or  services  in  an  amount  that  reflects  the
consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for said goods or services. Refer to Note C for further consideration of the recently adopted standard.

F-17

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  November  2016,  the  Financial Accounting  Standards  Board  issued ASU  No.  2016-18,  Statement  of  Cash  Flows:  Restricted  Cash,  (“Update  2016-18”).  Update  2016-18
provides guidance on the classification of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The amendments are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December
15, 2017. The amendments in Update 2016-18 should be adopted on a retrospective basis. The adoption of this amendment increased the beginning cash balance by $810,000 as
of January 1, 2018 in our statement of cash flows, due to the reclassification of $810,000 of restricted cash into the cash and cash equivalents category.

Management has evaluated other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe any will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements
and related disclosures.

NOTE C– REVENUE

The following table presents the Company’s product and recurring revenues disaggregated by industry for the year ended December 31, 2018.

  Product
  Recurring

Hospitality

Education

  $

  $

6,410,615    $
668,039     
7,078,654    $

652,019    $
128,872     
780,891    $

Multiple Dwelling
Units

Government

Total

472,462    $
18,653     
491,115    $

81,319    $
–     
81,319    $

7,616,415 
815,564 
8,431,979 

Sales taxes and other usage-based taxes are excluded from revenues.

Contract assets

Contracts are billed in accordance with the terms and conditions, either at periodic intervals or upon substantial completion. This can result in billing occurring subsequent to
revenue recognition, resulting in contract assets. Contract assets are presented as current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The balance of contract assets as
of December 31, 2018 and at the date of adoption of ASC 606 was $0.31 million and $0.35 million, respectively. There were approximately $0.03 million of costs incurred to
fulfill a contract in the closing balance of contract assets.

Contract liabilities

Contracts are billed in accordance with the terms and conditions, either at periodic intervals or upon substantial completion. Often, the Company will require customers to pay a
deposit upon contract signing that will be applied against work performed or products shipped. In addition, the Company will often invoice the full term of support at the start
of the support period. Billings that occur prior to revenue recognition result in contract liabilities. As of December 31, 2018 and at the date of adoption of ASC 606, contract
liabilities were $1.23 million and $0.78 million, respectively. The change in the contract liability balance during the 12 month period ended December 31, 2018 is the result of
cash payments received and billing in advance of satisfying performance obligations, previously unrecognized cost of goods sold proportionate with the related percentage of
completion, and customer deposits.

Contract costs

Costs  to  fulfill  a  turnkey  contract  primarily  relate  to  the  materials  cost  and  direct  labor  and  are  recognized  proportionately  as  the  performance  obligation  is  satisfied.  The
Company will defer cost to fulfill a contract when materials have shipped (and control over the materials has transferred to the customer), but an insignificant amount of rooms
have  been  installed.  The  Company  will  recognize  any  deferred  costs  in  proportion  to  revenues  recognized  from  the  related  turnkey  contract.  The  Company  does  not  expect
deferred contract costs to be long-lived since a typical turnkey project takes sixty days to complete. Deferred contract costs are generally presented as other current assets in the
condensed consolidated balance sheets.

F-18

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company incurs incremental costs to obtain a contract in the form of sales commissions. These costs, whether related to performance obligations that extend beyond twelve
months or not, are immaterial and will continue to be recognized in the period incurred within selling, general and administrative expenses.

The tables below present the impacts of our adoption of the new revenue standard on our income statement and balance sheet.

Income Statement:

Sales
Cost of Goods Sold
Net loss

Balance Sheet:
Assets

Contract Assets
Inventories

Liabilities

Contract Liabilities - ST
Contract Liabilities - LT
Customer Deposits
Deferred Revenue - Current
Deferred Revenue – Long Term

Equity

Accumulated Deficit

For the 12 Months Ended
December 31, 2018
Pro-Forma as if
Previous
Accounting
Guidance was in
Effect
(Unaudited)

Effect of
Change
Higher/(Lower)
(Unaudited)

As Reported

8,431,979   
4,662,086   
(3,016,750)  

$

$

9,254,508   
4,878,490   
(2,410,624)  

$

$

(822,529)
(216,403)
606,126 

As of December 31, 2018
Pro-Forma as if
Previous
Accounting
Guidance was in
Effect
(Unaudited)

Effect of
Change
Higher/(Lower)
(Unaudited)

As Reported

314,749   
1,790,992   

1,070,502   
162,121   
–   
–   
–   

–   
1,585,124   

$

–   
–   
751,801   
233,122   
162,121   

314,749 
205,798 

1,070,502 
162,121 
(751,801)
(233,122)
(162,121)

$

$

$

$

(123,171,406)  

(122,565,280)  

$

606,126 

The table below presents the cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 after the adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from
Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).

Balance Sheet:
Assets
Contract Assets
Liabilities
Contract Liabilities
    Customer Deposit
    Deferred Revenue – Current
    Deferred Revenue – Long Term
Equity
Accumulated Deficit

December 31, 2017  

Transition
Adjustments

January 1,
2018

$

– 

349,000   

$

349,000 

– 
124,380 
292,106 
219,960 

1,415,446   
(124,380)  
(292,106)  
(219,960)  

1,415,446 
– 
– 
– 

$

(119,724,656)  

(430,000)  

$

(120,154,656)

F-19

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remaining performance obligations

As of December 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $1.68 million. Except for support
services, the Company expects to recognize 100% of the remaining performance obligations over the next six months.

NOTE D – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Components of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

Accounts receivable
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Accounts receivable, net

NOTE E – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

The Company’s property and equipment as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 consists of the following:

Development test equipment
Computer software
Office equipment
Office fixtures and furniture
Leasehold improvements
Total
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
Total property and equipment

$

$

$

$

2018

2017

1,146,832   
(65,542)  
1,081,291   

2018

19,110   
76,134   
61,367   
330,568   
18,016   
505,195   
(257,907)  
247,289   

$

$

$

$

1,632,459 
(22,173)
1,610,286 

2017

19,110 
76,134 
51,142 
330,568 
18,016 
494,970 
(190,800)
304,170 

Depreciation and amortization expense included as a charge to income was $67,107 and $51,229 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

NOTE F – ACCRUED LIABILITIES AND EXPENSES

Accrued liabilities and expenses as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

Accrued liabilities and expenses
Accrued payroll and payroll taxes
Accrued sales taxes, penalties, and interest
Product warranties
Total accrued liabilities and expenses

F-20

$

$

2018

2017

325,855   
241,253   
43,400   
46,103   
656,611   

$

$

294,709 
230,931 
83,282 
59,892 
668,814 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE G – DEBT

Revolving Credit Facility

On  September  30,  2014,  the  Company  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  EthoStream,  as  co-borrowers  (collectively,  the  “Borrowers”),  entered  into  a  loan  and  security
agreement (the “Heritage Bank Loan Agreement”), with Heritage Bank of Commerce, a California state chartered bank (“Heritage Bank”), governing a new revolving credit
facility  in  a  principal  amount  not  to  exceed  $2,000,000  (the  “Credit  Facility”).  Following  the  sale  of  EthoStream  in  March  of  2017,  it  was  removed  as  a  co-borrower.
Availability of borrowings under the Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base calculation based on the Company’s eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory each
multiplied by an applicable advance rate, with an overall limitation tied to the Company’s eligible accounts receivable. The Heritage Bank Loan Agreement is available for
working capital and other general business purposes. The outstanding principal balance of the Credit Facility bears interest at the Prime Rate plus 3.00%, which was 8.50% at
December 31, 2018 and 7.50% at December 31, 2017. On October 9, 2014, as part of the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement, Heritage Bank was granted a warrant to purchase
250,000  shares  of  Telkonet  common  stock,  for  further  information  on  the  accounting  for  warrants,  refer  to  Note  J.  The  warrant  has  an  exercise  price  of  $0.20  and  expires
October 9, 2021. On February 13, 2019, the tenth amendment to the Credit Facility was executed extending the maturity date to September 30, 2020, unless earlier accelerated
under the terms of the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement.

The Heritage Bank Loan Agreement also contains financial covenants that place restrictions on, among other things, the incurrence of debt, granting of liens and sale of assets.
The  Heritage  Bank  Loan Agreement  also  contains  financial  covenants,  including  a  maximum  EBITDA  loss  covenant,  measured  quarterly,  a  minimum  asset  coverage  ratio,
measured monthly, and a minimum unrestricted cash balance of $2 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company and Heritage Bank entered into several
amendments to the Credit Facility to adjust these covenant levels. As long as the Company maintains the minimum unrestricted cash balance of $2 million, a violation of the
minimum EBITDA level will not trigger an event of default. A violation of any of these covenants could result in an event of default under the Heritage Bank Loan Agreement.
Upon the occurrence of such an event of default or certain other customary events of defaults, payment of any outstanding amounts under the Credit Facility may be accelerated
and  Heritage  Bank’s  commitment  to  extend  credit  under  the  Heritage  Bank  Loan  Agreement  may  be  terminated.  The  Heritage  Bank  Loan  Agreement  contains  other
representations and warranties, covenants, and other provisions customary to transactions of this nature.

The outstanding balance on the Credit Facility was $121,474 and $682,211 at December 31, 2018 and 2017 and the remaining available borrowing capacity was approximately
$499,000 and $202,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants.

NOTE H – REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK

Series A

The Company has designated 215 shares of preferred stock as Series A Preferred Stock (“Series A”). Each share of Series A is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at
any  time,  into  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  at  a  conversion  price  of  $0.363  per  share.  On  November  16,  2009,  the  Company  sold  215  shares  of  Series A  with
attached warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,628,800 shares of the Company’s common stock at $0.33 per share. The Series A shares were sold at a price per share of $5,000
and each Series A share is convertible into approximately 13,774 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.363 per share. The Company received $1,075,000 from
the sale of the Series A shares. In prior years, 30 of the preferred shares issued on November 16, 2009 were converted to shares of the Company’s common stock. In a prior
year, the redemption feature available to the Series A holders expired.

F-21

 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Series B

The Company has designated 538 shares of preferred stock as Series B Preferred Stock (“Series B”). Each share of Series B is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at
any time, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $0.13 per share. On August 4, 2010, the Company sold 267 shares of Series B with attached
warrants  to  purchase  an  aggregate  of  5,134,626  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  at  $0.13  per  share.  The  Series  B  shares  were  sold  at  a  price  per  share  of  $5,000
and each Series B share was convertible into approximately 38,461 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.13 per share. The Company received $1,335,000 from
the sale of the Series B shares on August 4, 2010.  On April 8, 2011, the Company sold 271 additional shares of Series B with attached warrants to purchase an aggregate of
5,211,542 shares of the Company’s common stock at $0.13 per share. The Series B shares were sold at a price per share of $5,000 and each Series B share was convertible into
approximately 38,461 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.13 per share. The Company received $1,355,000 from the sale of the Series B shares on April 8,
2011. In prior years, 486 of the preferred shares issued on August 4, 2010 and April 8, 2011 were converted to shares of the Company’s common stock. In a prior year, the
redemption feature available to the Series B holders expired.

Preferred stock carries certain preference rights as detailed in the Company’s Amended Articles of Incorporation related to both the payment of dividends and as to payments
upon liquidation in preference to any other class or series of capital stock of the Company. As of December 31, 2018, the liquidation preference of the preferred stock is based
on  the  following  order:  first,  Series  B  with  a  preference  value  of  $435,081,  which  includes  cumulative  accrued  unpaid  dividends  of  $175,081,  and  second,  Series A  with  a
preference value of $1,600,168, which includes cumulative accrued unpaid dividends of $675,168. As of December 31, 2017, the liquidation preference of the preferred stock
is based on the following order: first, Series B with a preference value of $414,258, which includes cumulative accrued unpaid dividends of $154,258, and second, Series A
with a preference value of $1,526,141, which includes cumulative accrued unpaid dividends of $601,141.

NOTE I – CAPITAL STOCK

The Company has authorized 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock (designated and undesignated), with a par value of $.001 per share. The Company has designated 215 shares
as  Series A  preferred  stock  and  538  shares  as  Series  B  preferred  stock. At  December  31,  2018  and  2017,  there  were  185  shares  of  Series A  and  52  shares  of  Series  B
outstanding, respectively.

The Company has authorized 190,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $.001 per share. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had 134,793,211 and
133,695,111 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively.

During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company issued 1,098,100 and 920,636 shares of common stock, respectively to directors for services performed
during 2018 and 2017. These shares were valued at $144,000 and $144,000, respectively, which approximated the fair value of the shares when they were issued.

During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2018  and  2017,  no  warrants  were  exercised.  These  warrants  were  originally  granted  to  shareholders  of  the April  8,  2011  Series  B
preferred stock issuance.

During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, no shares of Series A or B preferred stock were converted to shares of common stock.

F-22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE J – STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS

Stock Options

The  Company  maintains  an  equity  incentive  plan  (the  “Plan”).  The  Plan  was  established  in  2010  as  an  incentive  plan  for  officers,  employees,  non-employee  directors,
prospective employees and other key persons. The Plan is administered by the Board of Directors or the compensation committee, which is comprised of not less than two non-
employee directors who are independent. A total of 10,000,000 shares of stock were reserved and available for issuance under the Plan. The exercise price per share for the
stock covered by a stock option granted shall be determined by the administrator at the time of grant but shall not be less than 100 percent of the fair market value on the date of
grant. The term of each stock option shall be fixed by the administrator, but no stock option shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date the stock option is granted.
As of December 31, 2018, there were approximately 1,606,549 shares remaining for issuance in the Plan.

It is anticipated that providing such persons with a direct stake in the Company’s welfare will assure a better alignment of their interests with those of the Company and its
stockholders.

The following table summarizes the changes in options outstanding and the related prices for the shares of the Company’s common stock issued to employees of the Company
under the Plan as of December 31, 2018.

Exercise Prices

$ 0.01 - $0.15
$ 0.16 - $1.00

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Weighted
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Life 
 (Years)

8.01   
4.84   
6.73   

Number 
Outstanding

2,000,000   
1,349,793   
3,349,793   

Weighted
Average 

Exercise Price    
0.14   
0.18   
0.16   

$

$

Number 
Exercisable

2,000,000   
1,134,950   
3,134,950   

Weighted
Average 
Exercise Price  
0.14 
0.18 
0.16 

$

$

Transactions involving stock options issued to employees are summarized as follows:

Outstanding at January 1, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Cancelled or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2017
Granted
Exercised
Cancelled or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2018

F-23

Number of 
Shares

Weighted Average
Exercise 
Price Per Share

2,832,725   
3,000,000   
–   
(1,456,251)  
4,376,474   
67,394   
–   
(1,094,075)  
3,349,793   

$

$

$

0.18 
0.14 
– 
0.17 
0.16 
0.17 
– 
0.14 
0.16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  expected  life  of  awards  granted  represents  the  period  of  time  that  they  are  expected  to  be  outstanding.  The  Company  determines  the  expected  life  based  on  historical
experience with similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules, exercise patterns and pre-vesting and post-vesting forfeitures. The Company
estimates the volatility of the Company’s common stock based on the calculated historical volatility of the Company’s common stock using the share price data for the trailing
period equal to the expected term prior to the date of the award. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model on the implied
yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term equal to the expected life of the award. The Company has not paid any cash
dividends on the Company’s common stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the Company uses an expected dividend
yield of zero in the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The Company uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and records share-based compensation for
those awards that are expected to vest. In accordance with ASC 718-10, the Company calculates share-based compensation for changes to the estimate of expected equity award
forfeitures based on actual forfeiture experience.

The following table summarizes the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options granted during the years ended December 2018 and 2017, using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model:

Expected life of option (years)
Risk-free interest rate
Assumed volatility
Expected dividend rate
Expected forfeiture rate

2018
10
2.80%
87%
0
65%

2017
7
1.22%
81%
0
10%

The total estimated fair value of the options granted during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $244 and $360,000. The total fair value of underlying shares
related to options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $6,811 and $368,544. Future compensation expense related to non-vested options at
December 31, 2018 was $18,724 and will be recognized over the next 3.0 years. The aggregate intrinsic value of the vested options was zero as of December 31, 2018 and
2017.  Total  stock-based  compensation  expense  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  operations  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2018  and  2017  was  $6,404  and
$322,888, respectively.

Warrants

The following table summarizes the changes in warrants outstanding and the related exercise prices for the warrants issued to the debt holder in relation to the revolving credit
facility, see Note G.

Exercise Prices 
0.20 

$

Number 
Outstanding

250,000 

Warrants Outstanding
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(Years)

Warrants Exercisable

Weighted Average
Exercise Price

Number 
Exercisable

Weighted Average
Exercise Price

3.02 

$

0.20   

250,000 

0.20 

F-24

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Transactions involving warrants are summarized as follows:

Outstanding at January 1, 2017
Issued
Exercised
Cancelled or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2017
Issued
Exercised
Cancelled or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2018

Number of 
Shares

Weighted Average
Exercise 
Price Per Share

300,000   
–   
–   
(50,000)  
250,000   
–   
–   
–   
250,000   

$

$

0.20 
– 
– 
0.18 
0.20 
– 
– 
– 
0.20 

There were no warrants granted, exercised, cancelled or forfeited during the year ended December 31, 2018. There were no warrants granted or exercised and 50,000 cancelled
or forfeited during the year ended December 31, 2017.

NOTE K – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company agreed to issue common stock in the amount of $144,000 and $144,000 to the Company’s non-employee
directors as compensation for their attendance and participation in the Company’s Board of Director and committee meetings.

NOTE L – INCOME TAXES

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act makes
broad and complex changes to the Internal Revenue Code. The Tax Act is generally applicable for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, but certain provisions of the
Tax Act have an impact upon the Company’s financial statements for 2017, such as the reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%.

The Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 to address uncertainty regarding the application of ASC 740 to the income tax effects of the Tax
Cuts and Jobs Act, signed into law on December 22, 2017. The bulletin provides a measurement period (not to exceed one year from the Tax Act enactment date) for companies
to  complete  the  accounting  under ASC  740.  To  the  extent  that  a  company’s  accounting  for  certain  income  tax  effects  is  incomplete,  but  is  able  to  determine  a  reasonable
estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate in the financial statements, it should continue to
apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act.

Such  measurement  period  is  deemed  to  end  when  all  necessary  information  has  been  obtained,  prepared  and  analyzed  such  that  a  final  accounting  determination  can  be
concluded, but in no event should the period extend beyond one year. If a company does not have the necessary information available, prepared or analyzed for certain income
tax effects of the Tax Act, SAB 118 allows a company to report provisional numbers and adjust those amounts during the measurement period not to extend beyond one year.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company has recorded all known and estimable impacts of the Tax Act that are effective for 2018.

F-25

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company follows ASC 740-10 “Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that
have  been  included  in  the  financial  statement  or  tax  returns.  Under  this  method,  deferred  tax  liabilities  and  assets  are  determined  based  on  the  difference  between  financial
statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.

A reconciliation of tax expense computed at the statutory federal tax rate on income (loss) from operations before income taxes to the actual income tax (benefit) / expense is as
follows:

Tax provision (benefits) computed at the statutory rate
State taxes
Tax credits
Book expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Tax Cut and Jobs Act impact
Sale of subsidiary
Other(prior period adjustments)

Change in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets
Income tax expense

$

$

2018

2017

(631,497)  
6,874   
–   
2,882   
–   
–   
(27,286)  
(649,027)  
658,650   
9,623   

$

$

1,000,507 
8,419 
(67,357)
6,782 
12,721,278 
45,327 
5,750 
13,720,706 
(13,710,944)
9,762 

Deferred  income  taxes  include  the  net  tax  effects  of  net  operating  loss  (NOL)  carry  forwards  and  the  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets are as follows:

Deferred Tax Assets:
Net operating loss carry forwards
Intangibles
Credits
Other
Total deferred tax assets

Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Intangibles
Total deferred tax liabilities
Valuation allowance
Net deferred tax liabilities

2018

2017

$

$

20,342,559   
318,178   
112,086   
613,202   
21,386,025   

–   
–   
(21,386,025)  
–   

21,077,944 
422,955 
67,357 
512,796 
22,081,052 

– 
– 
(22,081,052)
– 

A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred
tax assets depends on the ability of the Company to generate sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in the future and in the appropriate taxing jurisdictions. As of
December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company’s valuation allowance, established for the tax benefit that may not be realized, totaled approximately $21,390,000
and  $22,080,000,  respectively.  The  overall  decrease  in  the  valuation  allowance  is  related  to  insignificant  fluctuations  in  the  temporary  differences  and  federal  and  state  net
operating losses.

F-26

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2018 the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $90,100,000 and $46,500,000 for federal and state income tax purposes which will
expire at various dates from 2019 through 2038.

The Company’s NOL and tax credit carryovers may be significantly limited under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). NOL and tax credit carryovers are limited
under Section 382 when there is a significant “ownership change” as defined in the IRC. During 2005 and in prior years, the Company may have experienced such ownership
changes that could have imposed such limitations.

The limitation imposed by Section 382 would place an annual limitation on the amount of NOL and tax credit carryovers that can be utilized. When the Company completes the
necessary studies, the amount of NOL carryovers available may be reduced significantly. However, since the valuation allowance fully reserves for all available carryovers, the
effect of the reduction would be offset by a reduction in the valuation allowance.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The Company is generally no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax
examinations by tax authorities for years before 2014 and various states before 2014. Although these years are no longer subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service
(IRS) and various state taxing authorities, net operating loss carryforwards generated in those years may still be adjusted upon examination by the IRS or state taxing authorities
if they have been or will be used in a future period.

The Company follows the provisions of uncertain tax positions as addressed in FASB Accounting Standards Codification 740-10-65-1. The Company recognized no change in
the liability for unrecognized tax benefits. The Company has no tax positions at December 31, 2018 or 2017 for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which
there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in
operating expense. No such interest or penalties were recognized during the periods presented. The Company had no accruals for interest and penalties at December 31, 2018 or
2017. The Company’s utilization of any net operating loss carryforwards may be unlikely due to its continuing losses. 

NOTE M – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Office Leases Obligations

In October 2013, the Company entered into a lease agreement for 6,362 square feet of commercial office space in Waukesha, Wisconsin for its corporate headquarters. The
Waukesha lease would have expired in April 2021, but was subsequently amended and extended through April 2026. On April 7, 2017 the Company executed an amendment to
its’ existing lease in Waukesha, Wisconsin to expand another 3,982 square feet, bringing the total leased space to 10,344 square feet. In addition, the lease term was extended
from May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2026. The commencement date for this amendment was July 15, 2017.

In January 2016, the Company entered into a lease agreement for 2,237 square feet of commercial office space in Germantown, Maryland for its Maryland employees. The
Germantown  lease  as  amended  was  set  to  expire  at  the  end  of  January  2018.  In  November  2017,  the  Company  entered  into  a  second  amendment  to  the  lease  agreement
extending the lease through the end of January 2019. In November 2018, the Company entered into a third amendment to the lease agreement extending the lease through the
end of January 2022.

In May 2017, the Company entered into a lease agreement for 5,838 square feet of floor space in Waukesha, Wisconsin for its inventory warehousing operations. The Waukesha
lease expires in May 2024.

F-27

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments for minimum rentals under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2018 are as follows:

Years ending December 31,

  2019
  2020
  2021
  2022
  2023
  2024 and thereafter
  Total

$

$

211,448 
223,417 
242,785 
195,176 
193,169 
380,714 
1,446,708 

Rental expenses charged to operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $342,975 and $284,714, respectively.

Employment and Consulting Agreements

The  Company  has  employment  agreements  with  certain  of  its  key  employees  which  include  non-disclosure  and  confidentiality  provisions  for  protection  of  the  Company’s
proprietary information.

Jason L. Tienor, President and Chief Executive Officer, is employed pursuant to an employment agreement with us dated October 1, 2018. Mr. Tienor’s employment agreement
has a term of two (2) years, which will automatically renew for a period of an additional twelve (12) months, and provides for a base salary of $222,800 per year and bonuses
and benefits based upon the Company’s internal policies and participation in the Company’s incentive and benefit plans. The agreement also calls for a bonus to be paid upon
the sale of the Company. The bonus will be equal to $20,000 if The Company’s shares are valued at minimum $0.20 per share, $35,000 if shares are valued at minimum $0.225
per share, or $50,000 if shares are valued at minimum $0.25 per share. If sale price exceeds $0.25 per share, Mr. Tienor is eligible to receive an additional $6,000 for every
$0.01 above a share price of $0.25.

Jeffrey J. Sobieski, Chief Technology Officer, is employed pursuant to an employment agreement with us dated October 1, 2018. Mr. Sobieski’s employment agreement has a
term of two (2) years, which will automatically renew for a period of an additional twelve (12) months, and provides for a base salary of $211,625 per year and bonuses and
benefits based upon the Company’s internal policies and participation in the Company’s incentive and benefit plans. The agreement also calls for a bonus to be paid upon the
sale of the Company. The bonus will be equal to $20,000 if the Company’s shares are valued at minimum $0.20 per share, $35,000 if shares are valued at minimum $0.225 per
share, or $50,000 if shares are valued at minimum $0.25 per share. If sale price exceeds $0.25 per share, Mr. Sobieski is eligible to receive an additional $6,000 for every $0.01
above a share price of $0.25.

Richard E. Mushrush, Chief Financial Officer, is employed pursuant to an employment agreement with us dated October 1, 2018. Mr. Mushrush’s employment agreement has a
term of two (2) years, which will automatically renew for a period of an additional twelve (12) months, and provides for a base salary of $122,000 per year and bonuses and
benefits based upon the Company’s internal policies and participation in the Company’s incentive and benefit plans. The agreement also calls for a bonus to be paid upon the
sale of the Company. The bonus will be equal to $20,000 if the Company’s shares are valued at minimum $0.20 per share, $35,000 if shares are valued at minimum $0.225 per
share, or $50,000 if shares are valued at minimum $0.25 per share. If sale price exceeds $0.25 per share, Mr. Mushrush is eligible to receive an additional $6,000 for every
$0.01 above a share price of $0.25.

In  addition  to  the  foregoing,  stock  options  are  periodically  granted  to  employees  under  the  Company’s  2010  equity  incentive  plan  at  the  discretion  of  the  Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors. Executives of the Company are eligible to receive stock option grants, based upon individual performance and the performance of the
Company as a whole.

F-28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Litigation

The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of its business. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, the
Company believes that the final disposition of such matters should not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

Indemnification Agreements

On March 31, 2010, the Company entered into Indemnification Agreements with executives Jason L. Tienor, President and Chief Executive Officer and Jeffrey J. Sobieski, then
Chief Operating Officer. On April 24, 2012, the Company entered into an Indemnification Agreement with director Timothy S. Ledwick. On July 1, 2016, the Company entered
into  Indemnification Agreements  with  director’s Arthur  E.  Byrnes,  Peter  T.  Kross  and  Leland  D.  Blatt.  On  January  1,  2017,  the  Company  entered  into  an  Indemnification
Agreement with Chief Financial Officer Richard E. Mushrush.    

The Indemnification Agreements provide that the Company will indemnify the Company's officers and directors, to the fullest extent permitted by law, relating to, resulting
from or arising out of any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, or any inquiry or investigation by reason of the fact that such officer or director (i) is or
was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or (ii) is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company,
and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. In addition, the Indemnification Agreements provide
that the Company will make an advance payment of expenses to any officer or director who has entered into an Indemnification Agreement, in order to cover a claim relating to
any fact or occurrence arising from or relating to events or occurrences specified in this paragraph, subject to receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such officer or director
to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized under the Indemnification Agreement.

Sales Taxes

Unless provided with a resale or tax exemption certificate, the Company assesses and collects sales tax on sales transactions and records the amount as a liability. It is recognized
as a liability until remitted to the applicable state. Total revenues do not include sales tax as the Company is considered a pass through conduit for collecting and remitting sales
taxes.

The following table sets forth the change in the sales tax accrual during the years ended December 31:

Balance, beginning of year
Sales tax collected
Provisions (reversals)
Interest and penalties
Payments
Balance, end of year

$

$

2018

2017

83,282   
101,144   
30,465   
–   
(171,492)  
43,400   

$

$

274,869 
297,673 
(33,000)
(5,890)
(450,370)
83,282 

F-29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE N – BUSINESS CONCENTRATION

For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, no single customer represented 10% or more of the Company’s total net revenues.

As of December 31, 2018, three customers accounted for 47% of the Company’s net accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2017, three customers accounted for 54% of the
Company’s net accounts receivable.

Purchases  from  one  supplier  approximated  $3,622,000,  or  81%,  of  total  purchases  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  and  approximately  $2,796,000,  or  79%,  of  total
purchases for the year ended December 31, 2017. Deposits paid to this vendor were in excess of total accounts payable due to this supplier in the amount of $320,352 as of
December 31, 2018 and total due to this supplier, net of deposits, was $202,258 as of December 31, 2017.

NOTE O – EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

The Company has an employee savings plan covering substantially all employees who are at least 21 years of age and have completed at least 3 months of service. The plan
provides for matching contributions equal to 100% of each dollar contributed by the employee up to 4% of the employee’s salary. The Company’s matching contributions vest
immediately. The Company may also elect to make discretionary contributions. The Company made contributions to the plan of approximately $116,000 and $123,000 for the
years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

NOTE P – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

In October of 2016, the Company, under the direction and authority of the Board of Directors, committed to a plan to offer for sale EthoStream, the Company’s wholly–owned
High-Speed Internet Access (“HSIA”) subsidiary. As a result of this decision to sell EthoStream, the operating results of EthoStream as of and for the year ended December 31,
2016 were reclassified as discontinued operations and as assets and liabilities held for sale in the consolidated financial statements as detailed in the table below. During the year
ended  December  31,  2017,  the  Company,  and  EthoStream,  entered  into  an Asset  Purchase Agreement  (the  “Purchase Agreement”)  with  DCI-Design  Communications  LLC
(“DCI”),  a  Delaware  limited  liability  company,  whereby  DCI  acquired  all  of  the  assets  and  certain  liabilities  of  EthoStream  for  a  base  purchase  price  of  $12,750,000.  The
Purchase Agreement includes that proceeds of $900,000 are to be withheld from the $12,750,000 base purchase price and placed into an escrow account to support potential
indemnification obligations of up to $800,000 and net working capital adjustments of up to $100,000. The escrow amount, net of potential claims, would be fully released after
an escrow period not to exceed 12 months after closing. The assets included, among other items, certain inventory, contracts and intellectual property. DCI acquired only the
liabilities provided for in the Purchase Agreement. 

On March 29, 2017, pursuant to the terms and the conditions of the Purchase Agreement, the Company closed on the sale.

On September 27, 2017, the Company reached a final settlement with DCI on net working capital as set forth in the Purchase Agreement and subsequently received $100,000
from the escrow account for the portion of the escrow account set aside for net working capital adjustments and cash proceeds of $311,000 from DCI in the settlement of net
working capital adjustments. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a gain from the sale of EthoStream (net of tax) of $6,630,244.

For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no balance sheet balances from discontinued operations.

F-30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the statements of operations information for discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

2018

2017

Revenues, net:
Product
Recurring
Total Net Revenues

Cost of Sales:
Product
Recurring
Total Cost of Sales

Gross Profit

Operating Expenses:
Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Depreciation and amortization
Total Operating Expenses

Income from Discontinued Operations before Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for Income Taxes
Income from Discontinued Operations (net of tax)

$

$

–   
–   
–   

–   
–   
–   

–   

–   
–   
–   
–   

–   

–   
–   

$

$

653,839 
925,837 
1,579,676 

393,804 
209,868 
603,672 

976,004 

– 
252,378 
60,420 
312,798 

663,206 

50,331 
612,875 

The  consolidated  statements  of  cash  flows  do  not  present  the  cash  flows  from  discontinued  operations  for  investing  activities  or  financing  activities  because  there  were  no
investing or financing activities associated with the discontinued operations in the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

F-31

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 10.15

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is dated October 1, 2018 by and between Telkonet, Inc, a Utah corporation ("Telkonet" or "Company") and Jason L. Tienor ("Executive").

WHEREAS, Telkonet desires to employ Executive and to secure for itself the experience, abilities and services of Executive in the capacity of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of
Telkonet upon the terms and conditions specified herein; and

WHEREAS, Executive desires to so provide his services to Telkonet, upon the terms and conditions specified herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, and for such other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby conclusively acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1. Duties and Scope of Employment.

(a)  Positions and Duties. Telkonet hereby employs Executive in the capacity of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Telkonet to perform such executive, management and
administrative services and other customary duties consistent with Executive's position as a senior executive officer within the Company as set forth in the Telkonet by-laws
and as Telkonet, by action of its Board of Directors ("Board"), may request from time to time.

(b)  Location. Executive's place of work shall be 20800 Swenson Dr., Suite 175, Waukesha, WI 53186. The Company shall be entitled to require the Executive to travel to
work at such other places as business needs require.

2. Term. The term of this Agreement (the "Term") shall commence as of October 1, 2018 and shall expire on October 1, 2020. Upon expiration this term will automatically
renew for an additional twelve (12) months unless mutually agreed to otherwise or is terminated pursuant to Section 6. Automatic renewal cannot occur in two or more
consecutive years.

3. Extent of Services. During the Term and any extension thereof, Executive shall devote his full time, ability, attention and efforts to the performance, to the best of his
abilities, of such duties and responsibilities, as described in Section 1 above, and as the Board of Directors shall determine, consistent therewith.

4. Compensation.

(a)  Salary. Executive shall be paid $222,800 on an annualized basis in accordance with Telkonet's normal payroll practices, and be subject to all lawfully required
withholdings. The base salary may be increased, at any time, as determined by the Board.

(b)  Sale Bonus. In recognition of Executive's service to the Company, Executive shall be eligible to receive a bonus in the event the Company is sold, subject to the terms set
forth herein (the "Sale Bonus"). This Sale Bonus shall be determined based on the share price of the Company upon such sale, as follows: (i) if the shares are valued at least
$0.20 per share, Executive shall receive a Sale Bonus of $20,000, (ii) if the shares are valued at $0.225 per share, a Sale Bonus of $35,000; or (iii) if the shares are valued at
$0.25 per share, a Sale Bonus of $50,000. If in the event sale price exceeds $0.25 per share, Executive shall be eligible to receive the aforementioned $50,000 bonus, plus an
additional $6,000 for every $0.01 above a share price of $0.25.

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)  Executive Participation in Telkonet Staff Benefits Plans. During the Term, Executive shall be entitled to participate in any group health programs and other benefit
plans, which may be instituted from time-to-time for Telkonet employees, and for which Executive qualifies under the terms of such plans. All such benefits shall be
provided on the same terms and conditions as generally apply to all other Telkonet employees under these plans and may be modified by Telkonet from time-to-time.

(d) Expenses. Executive shall be reimbursed by Telkonet for all ordinary, reasonable, customary and necessary expenses incurred by him in the performance of his duties and
responsibilities. Executive agrees to prepare documentation for such expenses as may be necessary for Telkonet to comply with the applicable rules and regulations of the
Internal Revenue Service and Telkonet's existing policy. Telkonet will provide a stipend equal to $323 per pay period to Executive for the purpose of obtaining an auto for
the Executive’s busines use.

(e) Equity. Executive is eligible to participate in the Company's Employee Stock Option Plan, in accordance with the terms of such plan and awards as granted by the
Compensation Committee of the Company's Board.

5. Vacation. At full pay and without any adverse effect to his compensation, provided that all other terms and conditions of this Agreement are satisfied, Executive shall be
entitled to five (5) weeks of vacation for each full calendar year during the term of this Agreement. Executive agrees to schedule his vacation leave in advance upon written
notice to Board or other designated individuals. Carryover of vacation days shall be consistent with Company's existing policy.

6. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate in accordance with Section 2 of this Agreement, or upon the first to occur of any of the following events:

(a)  The death of Executive.

(b)  The mutual consent of Executive and Telkonet. Executive shall then receive (i) an amount equal to Executive's base salary for the period starting on the first day after
the termination and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination in accordance with the Company's payroll schedule applicable to all employees
and (ii) if the Executive elects to participate, in a timely manner, in the Company's group health insurance plan in accordance with the mandates of the Consolidated
Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended ("COBRA"), the Company will, pay for any applicable health insurance premiums for such COBRA coverage, for a
period starting on the first day after the termination and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination. If the Executive becomes eligible for similar
benefits from another employer, Telkonet will reimburse Executive for the Employee's share of current employer's health insurance premium ending upon the twelve (12)
month anniversary date of the termination; Should the Executive wish to continue COBRA coverage after the period of time during which the Company has agreed to pay
the normal employer's share of COBRA coverage, the Executive agrees and acknowledges that he will be solely responsible for payment of any amounts required by the
Company to continue health insurance coverage in accordance with COBRA. The Executive agrees to notify the Company in the event he obtains other health insurance
coverage within ten (10) business days of becoming eligible for such coverage.

(c)  "Cause" exists for termination. For purposes of this Agreement, "cause" shall mean the occurrence of any of the following: (1) theft, fraud, embezzlement, or any other
act of intentional dishonesty by Executive; (2) any material breach by Executive of any provision of this Agreement which breach is not cured within a reasonable time (but
not to exceed fourteen (14) days) after written notification thereof to Executive by Telkonet; (3) any habitual neglect of duty or misconduct of Executive in discharging any
of his duties and responsibilities under this Agreement after a written demand for performance was delivered to Executive that specifically identified the manner in which
the Board believed the Executive had failed to discharge his duties and responsibilities, and the Executive failed to resume substantial performance of such duties and
responsibilities on a continual basis immediately following such demand; (4) commission by Executive of a felony or any offense involving moral turpitude; or (5) any
default of Executive's obligations hereunder, or any failure or refusal of Executive to comply with the policies, rules and regulations of Telkonet generally applicable to
Telkonet employees, which default, failure or refusal is not cured within a reasonable time (but not to exceed fourteen (14) days) after written notification thereof to
Executive by Telkonet. If cause exists for termination, Executive shall be entitled to no further compensation, except for accrued leave and vacation and except as may be
required by applicable law.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)  "Good reason" exists for Executive to terminate his employment with Telkonet. For purposes of this Agreement, "good reason" shall mean the occurrence of any of the
following: (1) any material adverse reduction in the scope of Executive's authority or responsibilities; (2) any reduction in the amount of Executive's compensation or
participation in any employee benefits; or (3) Executive's principal place of employment is actually or constructively moved to any office or other location 75 miles or more
outside of the address referenced in Section 1(b). If Executive terminates his employment with Telkonet for "good reason," then, upon notice to Telkonet by Executive of
such termination, Telkonet shall continue to pay Executives base salary and provide Executive with continued participation in each employee benefit plan, in accordance
with the mandates of COBRA (see Section 6.(b)(ii), in which Executive participated immediately prior to the termination date for the period starting on the first day after the
termination date and ending upon expiration of the Term, or if such period is less than twelve (12) months, for a period of twelve (12) months from notice.

(e) If Executive is terminated by Telkonet for any reason other than for "cause," if Telkonet fails to renew the executive's employment agreement and the 12 month
autorenewal period has expired, or in the event of a Change in Control (as defined below), then Executive shall receive: (i) an amount equal to Executive's base salary for
the period starting on the first day after the termination or Change in Control and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination or Change in
Control in accordance with the Company's payroll schedule applicable to all employees and (ii) pay for any applicable health insurance premiums, in accordance with the
mandates of COBRA (see Section 6.(b)(ii), for a period starting on the first day after the termination or Change in Control and ending upon the twelve (12) month
anniversary date of the termination or Change in Control. If the Executive becomes eligible for similar benefits from another employer, Telkonet will reimburse Executive
for the Executive's share of current employer's health insurance premium ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination. For purposes of this
section, "Change in Control" is defined as a sale of all or substantially all of the stock or assets of the Company.

(f) In the event of a termination under (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this paragraph 6, within thirty (30) days of the separation date, Telkonet shall make a lump sum payment of
any back pay, Executive loans or deferments then due and owing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, this Agreement shall not terminate or expire under (e) of
this paragraph six unless and until (iii) Executive is reimbursed for any back pay, Executive loans or deferments then due and owing.

(g)  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Telkonet may not terminate the Executive under (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) of this paragraph 6 until Executive has been
successfully released from any personal guarantee's without loss to the Executive or projects for which Executive has provided a personal guarantee have been successfully
completed and the affiliated bond has been released at no loss to the Executive.

(h)  If Executive's employment terminates by reason of death or disability, then (i) Executive will be entitled to receive benefits only in accordance with the Company's then
applicable plans, policies, and arrangements.

(i) Separation Agreement and Release of Claims. The receipt of any severance pursuant to this Agreement will be subject to Executive signing and not revoking a separation
agreement and release of claims (the "Release") in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company, which becomes effective within thirty (30) days following Executive's
separation from service. The Release will provide (among other things) that Executive will not disparage the Company, its directors, or its executive officers for 12 months
following the date of termination and the Company will instruct its officers and directors not to disparage the Executive. No severance pursuant to this Agreement will be
paid or provided until the Release becomes effective.

(j) No Duty to Mitigate. Executive will not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment contemplated by this Agreement, nor will any earnings that Executive may
receive from any other source reduce any such payment.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(k) No-Inducement. In the event of a termination of Executive's employment that otherwise would entitle Executive to the receipt of severance and other benefits pursuant
to this Agreement, Executive agrees that as a condition to receipt of such severance, during the 12 month period following termination of employment, Executive, directly or
indirectly, whether as employee, owner, sole proprietor, partner, director, founder or otherwise, will not, solicit, induce, or influence any person to modify their employment
or consulting relationship with the Company (the "No-Inducement"). If Executive breaches the No-Inducement, all payments and benefits to which Executive otherwise
may be entitled pursuant to this Section 6 will cease immediately.

7. Surrender of Books and Papers. Upon termination of this Agreement (irrespective of the time, manner, or cause of termination, be it for cause or otherwise), Executive
shall immediately surrender to Telkonet all books, records, or other written papers or documents entrusted to him or which he has otherwise acquired pertaining to Telkonet
and all other Telkonet property in Executive's possession, custody or control.

8. Inventions and Patents. Executive agrees that Executive will promptly, from time-to time, fully inform and disclose to Telkonet any and all ideas, concepts, copyrights,
copyrightable material, developments, inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries of whatever nature that Executive may have or produced during the term of
Executive's employment under this Agreement that pertain or relate to the then current business of Telkonet (the "Creations"), whether conceived by Executive alone or with
others and whether or not conceived during regular working hours. All Creations shall be the exclusive property of Telkonet and shall be "works made for hire" as defined in 17
U.S.C. §101, and Telkonet shall own all rights in and to the Creations throughout the world, without payment of royalty or other consideration to Executive or anyone claiming
through Executive. Executive hereby transfers and assigns to Telkonet (or its designee) all right, title and interest in and to every Creation. Executive shall assist Telkonet in
obtaining patents or copyrights on all such inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries being patentable or copyrightable by Executive or Telkonet and shall execute all
documents and do all things reasonably necessary (at Telkonet's sole cost and expense) to obtain letters of patent or copyright, vest Telkonet with full and exclusive title thereto,
and protect the same against infringement by third parties, and such assistance shall be given by Executive, if needed, after termination of this Agreement for whatever cause or
reason. Executive hereby represents and warrants that Executive has no current or future obligation with respect to the assignment or disclosure of any or all developments,
inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries of whatever nature to any previous Employer, entity or other person and that Executive does not claim any rights or interest
in or to any previous unpatented or uncopyrighted developments, inventions, designs, improvements or discoveries.

9. Trade Secrets, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation.

(a) Trade Secrets. Contemporaneous with the execution of this Agreement and during the term of employment under this Agreement, Telkonet shall deliver to Executive or
permit Executive to have access to and become familiar with various confidential information and trade secrets of Telkonet, including without limitation, data, production
methods, customer lists, product format or developments, other information concerning the business of Telkonet and other unique processes, procedures, services and
products of Telkonet, which are regularly used in the operation of the business of Telkonet (collectively, the "Confidential Information"). For purposes of the preceding
sentence, information is not treated as being Confidential Information if it: (i) is or becomes generally available to the public other than by Executive in violation of this
Agreement; (ii) is obtained by Executive in good faith from a third party who discloses such information to Executive on a non-confidential basis without violating any
obligation of confidentiality or secrecy relating to the information disclosed; (iii) is independently developed by Executive outside the scope of his employment without use
of Confidential Information; or (iv) is Executive's personnel information. Executive shall not disclose any of the Confidential Information that he receives from Telkonet or
their clients and customers in the course of his employment with Telkonet, directly or indirectly, nor use it in any way, either during the term of this Agreement or for a period
of five (5) years thereafter, except as required in the course of employment with Telkonet. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that Executive owes Telkonet, a
fiduciary duty to preserve and protect all Confidential Information from unauthorized disclosure or unauthorized use. All files, records, documents, drawings, graphics,
processes, specifications, equipment and similar items relating to the business of Telkonet, whether prepared by Executive or otherwise coming into Executive's possession in
the course of his employment with Telkonet, shall remain the exclusive property of Telkonet and shall not be removed from the premises of Telkonet without the prior
written consent of Telkonet unless removed in relation to the performance of Executive's duties under this Agreement. Any such files, records, documents, drawings,
graphics, specifications, equipment and similar items, and any and all copies of such materials which have been removed from the premises of Telkonet, shall be returned by
Executive to Telkonet. For purposes of this Section 9, "Telkonet" means Telkonet, Inc., including its subsidiaries and affiliates and all successors and predecessors in interest
to Telkonet.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Non-Competition. Executive acknowledges that he will be provided with and have access to the Confidential Information, the unauthorized use or disclosure of which
would cause irreparable injury to Telkonet, that Telkonet's willingness to enter into this Agreement is based in material part on Executive's agreement to the provisions of
this Section 9(b) and that Executive's breach of the provisions of this Section would materially and irreparably damage Telkonet. In consideration for Telkonet’s disclosure
of Confidential Information to Executive, Executive's access to the Confidential Information, and the salary paid to executive hereunder, Executive agrees that during the
term of Executive's employment under this Agreement and for one (1) year after the termination of Executive's employment and regardless whether such termination is with
or without cause, Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, either as an executive, employee, employer, consultant, agent, principal, partner, stockholder, corporate officer,
director, advisor or in any other individual or representative capacity, engage or participate in any business that is in competition in any manner whatsoever with the
Restricted Business (as defined herein) in North America. "Restricted Business" means any business conducted by Telkonet at the time of separation of the Executive from
Telkonet.

(c)  Reasonableness of Restrictions. Executive acknowledges that the restrictions set forth in Section 9(b) of this Agreement are reasonable in scope and necessary for the
protection of the business and goodwill of Telkonet. Executive agrees that should any portion of the covenants in Section 9 be unenforceable because of the scope thereof or
the period covered thereby or otherwise, the covenant shall be deemed to be reduced and limited to enable it to be enforced to the maximum extent permissible under the
laws and public policies applied in the jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought.

(d)  Injunctive Relief; Extension of Restrictive Period. In the event of a breach of any of the covenants by Executive or Telkonet contained in this Agreement, it is
understood that damages will be difficult to ascertain, and either party may petition a court of law or equity for injunctive relief in addition to any other relief which
Executive or Telkonet may have under the law, including but not limited to reasonable attorneys' fees.

10. Indemnification and Insurance. Executive will be covered under the Company's insurance policies and, subject to applicable law, will be provided indemnification to
the maximum extent permitted by the Company's bylaws, Certificate of Incorporation, and standard form of Indemnification Agreement, with such insurance coverage and
indemnification to be in accordance with the Company's standard practices for senior executive officers but on terms no less favorable than provided to any other Company
senior executive officer or director.

11. Miscellaneous.

(a)  This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns. Executive shall not assign any part of
his rights under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Telkonet.

(b)  This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding between the parties and supersedes any and all prior understandings and agreements between the
parties regarding Executive's employment.

(c)  No modification hereof shall be binding unless made in writing and signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought. No waiver of any provisions of this
Agreement shall be valid unless the same is in writing and signed by the party against whom it is sought to be enforced, unless it can be shown through custom, usage
or course of action.

(d)  This Agreement is executed in, and it is the intention of the parties hereto that it shall be governed by, the laws of the State of Wisconsin without giving effect to
applicable conflict of laws provisions.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e)  The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to be severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or
enforceability of the other provisions hereof.

(f) Any notice or communication permitted or required by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall become effective upon personal service, or service by wire
transmission, which has been acknowledged by the other party as being received, or two (2) days after its mailing by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage
prepaid addressed as follows:

(1)  If to Telkonet: Attn: General Counsel Telkonet, Inc. 20800, Suite 175, Swenson Dr. Waukesha, WI 53186.

(2)  If to Executive, to: Jason L. Tienor at the last residential address known by the Company as provided by Executive in writing.

(g) Acknowledgment. Executive acknowledges that he has had the opportunity to discuss this matter with and obtain advice from his private attorney, has had sufficient
time to, and has carefully read and fully understands all the provisions of this Agreement, and is knowingly and voluntarily entering into this Agreement.

(h) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, and each counterpart will have the same force and effect as an original and will constitute an effective,
binding agreement on the part of each of the undersigned.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Telkonet and Executive have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.

/s/ signature                        

Compensation Committee

10.8.18              
Date

/s/ Jason L. Tienor                

Jason L. Tienor

10/1/18              
Date

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 10.16

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is dated October 1, 2018 by and between Telkonet, Inc, a Utah corporation ("Telkonet" or "Company") and Jeffrey J. Sobieski ("Executive").

WHEREAS, Telkonet desires to employ Executive and to secure for itself the experience, abilities and services of Executive in the capacity of Chief Technology Officer (CTO)
of Telkonet upon the terms and conditions specified herein; and

WHEREAS, Executive desires to so provide his services to Telkonet, upon the terms and conditions specified herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, and for such other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby conclusively acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1. Duties and Scope of Employment.

(a)  Positions and Duties. Telkonet hereby employs Executive in the capacity of Chief Technology Officer (CTO) of Telkonet to perform such executive, management and
administrative services and other customary duties consistent with Executive's position as a senior executive officer within the Company as set forth in the Telkonet by-laws
and as Telkonet, by action of its Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Board of Directors ("Board"), may request from time to time.

(b)  Location. Executive's place of work shall be 20800 Swenson Dr., Suite 175, Waukesha, WI 53186. The Company shall be entitled to require the Executive to travel to
work at such other places as business needs require.

2. Term. The term of this Agreement (the "Term") shall commence as of October 1, 2018 and shall expire on October 1, 2020. Upon expiration this term will automatically
renew for an additional twelve (12) months unless mutually agreed to otherwise or is terminated pursuant to Section 6. Automatic renewal cannot occur in two or more
consecutive years.

3. Extent of Services. During the Term and any extension thereof, Executive shall devote his full time, ability, attention and efforts to the performance, to the best of his
abilities, of such duties and responsibilities, as described in Section 1 above, and as the CEO shall determine, consistent therewith.

4. Compensation.

(a)  Salary. Executive shall be paid $211,625 on an annualized basis in accordance with Telkonet's normal payroll practices, and be subject to all lawfully required
withholdings. The base salary may be increased, at any time, as determined by the CEO and the Board.

(b)  Sale Bonus. In recognition of Executive's service to the Company, Executive shall be eligible to receive a bonus in the event the Company is sold, subject to the terms set
forth herein (the "Sale Bonus"). This Sale Bonus shall be determined based on the share price of the Company upon such sale, as follows: (i) if the shares are valued at least
$0.20 per share, Executive shall receive a Sale Bonus of $20,000, (ii) if the shares are valued at $0.225 per share, a Sale Bonus of $35,000; or (iii) if the shares are valued at
$0.25 per share, a Sale Bonus of $50,000. If in the event sale price exceeds $0.25 per share, Executive shall be eligible to receive the aforementioned $50,000 bonus, plus an
additional $6,000 for every $0.01 above a share price of $0.25.

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)  Executive Participation in Telkonet Staff Benefits Plans. During the Term, Executive shall be entitled to participate in any group health programs and other benefit
plans, which may be instituted from time-to-time for Telkonet employees, and for which Executive qualifies under the terms of such plans. All such benefits shall be
provided on the same terms and conditions as generally apply to all other Telkonet employees under these plans and may be modified by Telkonet from time-to-time.

(d) Expenses. Executive shall be reimbursed by Telkonet for all ordinary, reasonable, customary and necessary expenses incurred by him in the performance of his duties and
responsibilities. Executive agrees to prepare documentation for such expenses as may be necessary for Telkonet to comply with the applicable rules and regulations of the
Internal Revenue Service and Telkonet's existing policy. Telkonet will provide a stipend equal to $323 per pay period to Executive for the purpose of obtaining an auto for
the Executive’s business use.

(e) Equity. Executive is eligible to participate in the Company's Employee Stock Option Plan, in accordance with the terms of such plan and awards as granted by the
Compensation Committee of the Company's Board.

5. Vacation. At full pay and without any adverse effect to his compensation, provided that all other terms and conditions of this Agreement are satisfied, Executive shall be
entitled to five (5) weeks of vacation for each full calendar year during the term of this Agreement. Executive agrees to schedule his vacation leave in advance upon written
notice to CEO or other designated individuals. Carryover of vacation days shall be consistent with Company's existing policy.

6. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate in accordance with Section 2 of this Agreement, or upon the first to occur of any of the following events:

(a)  The death of Executive.

(b)  The mutual consent of Executive and Telkonet. Executive shall then receive (i) an amount equal to Executive's base salary for the period starting on the first day after
the termination and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination in accordance with the Company's payroll schedule applicable to all employees
and (ii) if the Executive elects to participate, in a timely manner, in the Company's group health insurance plan in accordance with the mandates of the Consolidated
Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended ("COBRA"), the Company will, pay for any applicable health insurance premiums for such COBRA coverage, for a
period starting on the first day after the termination and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination. If the Executive becomes eligible for similar
benefits from another employer, Telkonet will reimburse Executive for the Employee's share of current employer's health insurance premium ending upon the twelve (12)
month anniversary date of the termination; Should the Executive wish to continue COBRA coverage after the period of time during which the Company has agreed to pay
the normal employer's share of COBRA coverage, the Executive agrees and acknowledges that he will be solely responsible for payment of any amounts required by the
Company to continue health insurance coverage in accordance with COBRA. The Executive agrees to notify the Company in the event he obtains other health insurance
coverage within ten (10) business days of becoming eligible for such coverage.

(c)  "Cause" exists for termination. For purposes of this Agreement, "cause" shall mean the occurrence of any of the following: (1) theft, fraud, embezzlement, or any other
act of intentional dishonesty by Executive; (2) any material breach by Executive of any provision of this Agreement which breach is not cured within a reasonable time (but
not to exceed fourteen (14) days) after written notification thereof to Executive by Telkonet; (3) any habitual neglect of duty or misconduct of Executive in discharging any
of his duties and responsibilities under this Agreement after a written demand for performance was delivered to Executive that specifically identified the manner in which
the Board believed the Executive had failed to discharge his duties and responsibilities, and the Executive failed to resume substantial performance of such duties and
responsibilities on a continual basis immediately following such demand; (4) commission by Executive of a felony or any offense involving moral turpitude; or (5) any
default of Executive's obligations hereunder, or any failure or refusal of Executive to comply with the policies, rules and regulations of Telkonet generally applicable to
Telkonet employees, which default, failure or refusal is not cured within a reasonable time (but not to exceed fourteen (14) days) after written notification thereof to
Executive by Telkonet. If cause exists for termination, Executive shall be entitled to no further compensation, except for accrued leave and vacation and except as may be
required by applicable law.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)  "Good reason" exists for Executive to terminate his employment with Telkonet. For purposes of this Agreement, "good reason" shall mean the occurrence of any of the
following: (1) any material adverse reduction in the scope of Executive's authority or responsibilities; (2) any reduction in the amount of Executive's compensation or
participation in any employee benefits; or (3) Executive's principal place of employment is actually or constructively moved to any office or other location 75 miles or more
outside of the address referenced in Section 1(b). If Executive terminates his employment with Telkonet for "good reason," then, upon notice to Telkonet by Executive of
such termination, Telkonet shall continue to pay Executives base salary and provide Executive with continued participation in each employee benefit plan, in accordance
with the mandates of COBRA (see Section 6.(b)(ii), in which Executive participated immediately prior to the termination date for the period starting on the first day after the
termination date and ending upon expiration of the Term, or if such period is less than twelve (12) months, for a period of twelve (12) months from notice.

(e) If Executive is terminated by Telkonet for any reason other than for "cause," if Telkonet fails to renew the executive's employment agreement and the 12 month
autorenewal period has expired, or in the event of a Change in Control (as defined below), then Executive shall receive: (i) an amount equal to Executive's base salary for
the period starting on the first day after the termination or Change in Control and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination or Change in
Control in accordance with the Company's payroll schedule applicable to all employees and (ii) pay for any applicable health insurance premiums, in accordance with the
mandates of COBRA (see Section 6.(b)(ii), for a period starting on the first day after the termination or Change in Control and ending upon the twelve (12) month
anniversary date of the termination or Change in Control. If the Executive becomes eligible for similar benefits from another employer, Telkonet will reimburse Executive
for the Executive's share of current employer's health insurance premium ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination. For purposes of this
section, "Change in Control" is defined as a sale of all or substantially all of the stock or assets of the Company.

(f) In the event of a termination under (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this paragraph 6, within thirty (30) days of the separation date, Telkonet shall make a lump sum payment of
any back pay, Executive loans or deferments then due and owing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, this Agreement shall not terminate or expire under (e) of
this paragraph six unless and until (iii) Executive is reimbursed for any back pay, Executive loans or deferments then due and owing.

(g)  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Telkonet may not terminate the Executive under (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) of this paragraph 6 until Executive has been
successfully released from any personal guarantee's without loss to the Executive or projects for which Executive has provided a personal guarantee have been successfully
completed and the affiliated bond has been released at no loss to the Executive.

(h)  If Executive's employment terminates by reason of death or disability, then (i) Executive will be entitled to receive benefits only in accordance with the Company's then
applicable plans, policies, and arrangements.

(i) Separation Agreement and Release of Claims. The receipt of any severance pursuant to this Agreement will be subject to Executive signing and not revoking a separation
agreement and release of claims (the "Release") in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company, which becomes effective within thirty (30) days following Executive's
separation from service. The Release will provide (among other things) that Executive will not disparage the Company, its directors, or its executive officers for 12 months
following the date of termination and the Company will instruct its officers and directors not to disparage the Executive. No severance pursuant to this Agreement will be
paid or provided until the Release becomes effective.

(j) No Duty to Mitigate. Executive will not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment contemplated by this Agreement, nor will any earnings that Executive may
receive from any other source reduce any such payment.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(k) No-Inducement. In the event of a termination of Executive's employment that otherwise would entitle Executive to the receipt of severance and other benefits pursuant
to this Agreement, Executive agrees that as a condition to receipt of such severance, during the 12 month period following termination of employment, Executive, directly or
indirectly, whether as employee, owner, sole proprietor, partner, director, founder or otherwise, will not, solicit, induce, or influence any person to modify their employment
or consulting relationship with the Company (the "No-Inducement"). If Executive breaches the No-Inducement, all payments and benefits to which Executive otherwise
may be entitled pursuant to this Section 6 will cease immediately.

7. Surrender of Books and Papers. Upon termination of this Agreement (irrespective of the time, manner, or cause of termination, be it for cause or otherwise), Executive
shall immediately surrender to Telkonet all books, records, or other written papers or documents entrusted to him or which he has otherwise acquired pertaining to Telkonet
and all other Telkonet property in Executive's possession, custody or control.

8. Inventions and Patents. Executive agrees that Executive will promptly, from time-to time, fully inform and disclose to Telkonet any and all ideas, concepts, copyrights,
copyrightable material, developments, inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries of whatever nature that Executive may have or produced during the term of
Executive's employment under this Agreement that pertain or relate to the then current business of Telkonet (the "Creations"), whether conceived by Executive alone or with
others and whether or not conceived during regular working hours. All Creations shall be the exclusive property of Telkonet and shall be "works made for hire" as defined in 17
U.S.C. §101, and Telkonet shall own all rights in and to the Creations throughout the world, without payment of royalty or other consideration to Executive or anyone claiming
through Executive. Executive hereby transfers and assigns to Telkonet (or its designee) all right, title and interest in and to every Creation. Executive shall assist Telkonet in
obtaining patents or copyrights on all such inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries being patentable or copyrightable by Executive or Telkonet and shall execute all
documents and do all things reasonably necessary (at Telkonet's sole cost and expense) to obtain letters of patent or copyright, vest Telkonet with full and exclusive title thereto,
and protect the same against infringement by third parties, and such assistance shall be given by Executive, if needed, after termination of this Agreement for whatever cause or
reason. Executive hereby represents and warrants that Executive has no current or future obligation with respect to the assignment or disclosure of any or all developments,
inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries of whatever nature to any previous Employer, entity or other person and that Executive does not claim any rights or interest
in or to any previous unpatented or uncopyrighted developments, inventions, designs, improvements or discoveries.

9. Trade Secrets, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation.

(a) Trade Secrets. Contemporaneous with the execution of this Agreement and during the term of employment under this Agreement, Telkonet shall deliver to Executive or
permit Executive to have access to and become familiar with various confidential information and trade secrets of Telkonet, including without limitation, data, production
methods, customer lists, product format or developments, other information concerning the business of Telkonet and other unique processes, procedures, services and
products of Telkonet, which are regularly used in the operation of the business of Telkonet (collectively, the "Confidential Information"). For purposes of the preceding
sentence, information is not treated as being Confidential Information if it: (i) is or becomes generally available to the public other than by Executive in violation of this
Agreement; (ii) is obtained by Executive in good faith from a third party who discloses such information to Executive on a non-confidential basis without violating any
obligation of confidentiality or secrecy relating to the information disclosed; (iii) is independently developed by Executive outside the scope of his employment without use
of Confidential Information; or (iv) is Executive's personnel information. Executive shall not disclose any of the Confidential Information that he receives from Telkonet or
their clients and customers in the course of his employment with Telkonet, directly or indirectly, nor use it in any way, either during the term of this Agreement or for a period
of five (5) years thereafter, except as required in the course of employment with Telkonet. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that Executive owes Telkonet, a
fiduciary duty to preserve and protect all Confidential Information from unauthorized disclosure or unauthorized use. All files, records, documents, drawings, graphics,
processes, specifications, equipment and similar items relating to the business of Telkonet, whether prepared by Executive or otherwise coming into Executive's possession in
the course of his employment with Telkonet, shall remain the exclusive property of Telkonet and shall not be removed from the premises of Telkonet without the prior
written consent of Telkonet unless removed in relation to the performance of Executive's duties under this Agreement. Any such files, records, documents, drawings,
graphics, specifications, equipment and similar items, and any and all copies of such materials which have been removed from the premises of Telkonet, shall be returned by
Executive to Telkonet. For purposes of this Section 9, "Telkonet" means Telkonet, Inc., including its subsidiaries and affiliates and all successors and predecessors in interest
to Telkonet.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Non-Competition. Executive acknowledges that he will be provided with and have access to the Confidential Information, the unauthorized use or disclosure of which
would cause irreparable injury to Telkonet, that Telkonet's willingness to enter into this Agreement is based in material part on Executive's agreement to the provisions of
this Section 9(b) and that Executive's breach of the provisions of this Section would materially and irreparably damage Telkonet. In consideration for Telkonet’s disclosure
of Confidential Information to Executive, Executive's access to the Confidential Information, and the salary paid to executive hereunder, Executive agrees that during the
term of Executive's employment under this Agreement and for one (1) year after the termination of Executive's employment and regardless whether such termination is with
or without cause, Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, either as an executive, employee, employer, consultant, agent, principal, partner, stockholder, corporate officer,
director, advisor or in any other individual or representative capacity, engage or participate in any business that is in competition in any manner whatsoever with the
Restricted Business (as defined herein) in North America. "Restricted Business" means any business conducted by Telkonet at the time of separation of the Executive from
Telkonet.

(c)  Reasonableness of Restrictions. Executive acknowledges that the restrictions set forth in Section 9(b) of this Agreement are reasonable in scope and necessary for the
protection of the business and goodwill of Telkonet. Executive agrees that should any portion of the covenants in Section 9 be unenforceable because of the scope thereof or
the period covered thereby or otherwise, the covenant shall be deemed to be reduced and limited to enable it to be enforced to the maximum extent permissible under the
laws and public policies applied in the jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought.

(d)  Injunctive Relief; Extension of Restrictive Period. In the event of a breach of any of the covenants by Executive or Telkonet contained in this Agreement, it is
understood that damages will be difficult to ascertain, and either party may petition a court of law or equity for injunctive relief in addition to any other relief which
Executive or Telkonet may have under the law, including but not limited to reasonable attorneys' fees.

10. Indemnification and Insurance. Executive will be covered under the Company's insurance policies and, subject to applicable law, will be provided indemnification to
the maximum extent permitted by the Company's bylaws, Certificate of Incorporation, and standard form of Indemnification Agreement, with such insurance coverage and
indemnification to be in accordance with the Company's standard practices for senior executive officers but on terms no less favorable than provided to any other Company
senior executive officer or director.

11. Miscellaneous.

(a)  This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns. Executive shall not assign any part of
his rights under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Telkonet.

(b)  This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding between the parties and supersedes any and all prior understandings and agreements between the
parties regarding Executive's employment.

(c)  No modification hereof shall be binding unless made in writing and signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought. No waiver of any provisions of this
Agreement shall be valid unless the same is in writing and signed by the party against whom it is sought to be enforced, unless it can be shown through custom, usage
or course of action.

(d)  This Agreement is executed in, and it is the intention of the parties hereto that it shall be governed by, the laws of the State of Wisconsin without giving effect to
applicable conflict of laws provisions.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e)  The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to be severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or
enforceability of the other provisions hereof.

(f) Any notice or communication permitted or required by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall become effective upon personal service, or service by wire
transmission, which has been acknowledged by the other party as being received, or two (2) days after its mailing by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage
prepaid addressed as follows:

(1)  If to Telkonet: Attn: General Counsel Telkonet, Inc. 20800, Suite 175, Swenson Dr. Waukesha, WI 53186.

(2)  If to Executive, to: Jeffrrey J. Sobieski at the last residential address known by the Company as provided by Executive in writing.

(g) Acknowledgment. Executive acknowledges that he has had the opportunity to discuss this matter with and obtain advice from his private attorney, has had sufficient
time to, and has carefully read and fully understands all the provisions of this Agreement, and is knowingly and voluntarily entering into this Agreement.

(h) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, and each counterpart will have the same force and effect as an original and will constitute an effective,
binding agreement on the part of each of the undersigned.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Telkonet and Executive have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.

/s/ signature                        

Compensation Committee

10.8.18              
Date

/s/ Jeffrey J. Sobieski               

Jeffrey J. Sobieski

10/1/18              
Date

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 10.17

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is dated October 1, 2018 by and between Telkonet, Inc, a Utah corporation ("Telkonet" or "Company") and Richard E. Mushrush ("Executive").

WHEREAS, Telkonet desires to employ Executive and to secure for itself the experience, abilities and services of Executive in the capacity of Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of
Telkonet upon the terms and conditions specified herein; and

WHEREAS, Executive desires to so provide his services to Telkonet, upon the terms and conditions specified herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, and for such other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby conclusively acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1. Duties and Scope of Employment.

(a)  Positions and Duties. Telkonet hereby employs Executive in the capacity of Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Telkonet to perform such executive, management and
administrative services and other customary duties consistent with Executive's position as a senior executive officer within the Company as set forth in the Telkonet by-laws
and as Telkonet, by action of its Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Board of Directors ("Board"), may request from time to time.

(b)  Location. Executive's place of work shall be 20800 Swenson Dr., Suite 175, Waukesha, WI 53186. The Company shall be entitled to require the Executive to travel to
work at such other places as business needs require.

2. Term. The term of this Agreement (the "Term") shall commence as of October 1, 2018 and shall expire on October 1, 2020. Upon expiration this term will automatically
renew for an additional twelve (12) months unless mutually agreed to otherwise or is terminated pursuant to Section 6. Automatic renewal cannot occur in two or more
consecutive years.

3. Extent of Services. During the Term and any extension thereof, Executive shall devote his full time, ability, attention and efforts to the performance, to the best of his
abilities, of such duties and responsibilities, as described in Section 1 above, and as the CEO shall determine, consistent therewith.

4. Compensation.

(a)  Salary. Executive shall be paid $122,000 on an annualized basis in accordance with Telkonet's normal payroll practices, and be subject to all lawfully required
withholdings. The base salary may be increased, at any time, as determined by the CEO and the Board.

(b)  Sale Bonus. In recognition of Executive's service to the Company, Executive shall be eligible to receive a bonus in the event the Company is sold, subject to the terms set
forth herein (the "Sale Bonus"). This Sale Bonus shall be determined based on the share price of the Company upon such sale, as follows: (i) if the shares are valued at least
$0.20 per share, Executive shall receive a Sale Bonus of $20,000, (ii) if the shares are valued at $0.225 per share, a Sale Bonus of $35,000; or (iii) if the shares are valued at
$0.25 per share, a Sale Bonus of $50,000. If in the event sale price exceeds $0.25 per share, Executive shall be eligible to receive the aforementioned $50,000 bonus, plus an
additional $6,000 for every $0.01 above a share price of $0.25.

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)  Executive Participation in Telkonet Staff Benefits Plans. During the Term, Executive shall be entitled to participate in any group health programs and other benefit
plans, which may be instituted from time-to-time for Telkonet employees, and for which Executive qualifies under the terms of such plans. All such benefits shall be
provided on the same terms and conditions as generally apply to all other Telkonet employees under these plans and may be modified by Telkonet from time-to-time.

(d) Expenses. Executive shall be reimbursed by Telkonet for all ordinary, reasonable, customary and necessary expenses incurred by him in the performance of his duties and
responsibilities. Executive agrees to prepare documentation for such expenses as may be necessary for Telkonet to comply with the applicable rules and regulations of the
Internal Revenue Service and Telkonet's existing policy.

(e) Equity. Executive is eligible to participate in the Company's Employee Stock Option Plan, in accordance with the terms of such plan and awards as granted by the
Compensation Committee of the Company's Board.

5. Vacation. At full pay and without any adverse effect to his compensation, provided that all other terms and conditions of this Agreement are satisfied, Executive shall be
entitled to four (4) weeks of vacation for each full calendar year during the term of this Agreement. Executive agrees to schedule his vacation leave in advance upon written
notice to CEO or other designated individuals. Carryover of vacation days shall be consistent with Company's existing policy.

6. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate in accordance with Section 2 of this Agreement, or upon the first to occur of any of the following events:

(a)  The death of Executive.

(b)  The mutual consent of Executive and Telkonet. Executive shall then receive (i) an amount equal to Executive's base salary for the period starting on the first day after
the termination and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination in accordance with the Company's payroll schedule applicable to all employees
and (ii) if the Executive elects to participate, in a timely manner, in the Company's group health insurance plan in accordance with the mandates of the Consolidated
Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended ("COBRA"), the Company will, pay for any applicable health insurance premiums for such COBRA coverage, for a
period starting on the first day after the termination and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination. If the Executive becomes eligible for similar
benefits from another employer, Telkonet will reimburse Executive for the Employee's share of current employer's health insurance premium ending upon the twelve (12)
month anniversary date of the termination; Should the Executive wish to continue COBRA coverage after the period of time during which the Company has agreed to pay
the normal employer's share of COBRA coverage, the Executive agrees and acknowledges that he will be solely responsible for payment of any amounts required by the
Company to continue health insurance coverage in accordance with COBRA. The Executive agrees to notify the Company in the event he obtains other health insurance
coverage within ten (10) business days of becoming eligible for such coverage.

(c)  "Cause" exists for termination. For purposes of this Agreement, "cause" shall mean the occurrence of any of the following: (1) theft, fraud, embezzlement, or any other
act of intentional dishonesty by Executive; (2) any material breach by Executive of any provision of this Agreement which breach is not cured within a reasonable time (but
not to exceed fourteen (14) days) after written notification thereof to Executive by Telkonet; (3) any habitual neglect of duty or misconduct of Executive in discharging any
of his duties and responsibilities under this Agreement after a written demand for performance was delivered to Executive that specifically identified the manner in which
the Board believed the Executive had failed to discharge his duties and responsibilities, and the Executive failed to resume substantial performance of such duties and
responsibilities on a continual basis immediately following such demand; (4) commission by Executive of a felony or any offense involving moral turpitude; or (5) any
default of Executive's obligations hereunder, or any failure or refusal of Executive to comply with the policies, rules and regulations of Telkonet generally applicable to
Telkonet employees, which default, failure or refusal is not cured within a reasonable time (but not to exceed fourteen (14) days) after written notification thereof to
Executive by Telkonet. If cause exists for termination, Executive shall be entitled to no further compensation, except for accrued leave and vacation and except as may be
required by applicable law.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)  "Good reason" exists for Executive to terminate his employment with Telkonet. For purposes of this Agreement, "good reason" shall mean the occurrence of any of the
following: (1) any material adverse reduction in the scope of Executive's authority or responsibilities; (2) any reduction in the amount of Executive's compensation or
participation in any employee benefits; or (3) Executive's principal place of employment is actually or constructively moved to any office or other location 75 miles or more
outside of the address referenced in Section 1(b). If Executive terminates his employment with Telkonet for "good reason," then, upon notice to Telkonet by Executive of
such termination, Telkonet shall continue to pay Executives base salary and provide Executive with continued participation in each employee benefit plan, in accordance
with the mandates of COBRA (see Section 6.(b)(ii), in which Executive participated immediately prior to the termination date for the period starting on the first day after the
termination date and ending upon expiration of the Term, or if such period is less than twelve (12) months, for a period of twelve (12) months from notice.

(e) If Executive is terminated by Telkonet for any reason other than for "cause," if Telkonet fails to renew the executive's employment agreement and the 12 month
autorenewal period has expired, or in the event of a Change in Control (as defined below), then Executive shall receive: (i) an amount equal to Executive's base salary for
the period starting on the first day after the termination or Change in Control and ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination or Change in
Control in accordance with the Company's payroll schedule applicable to all employees and (ii) pay for any applicable health insurance premiums, in accordance with the
mandates of COBRA (see Section 6.(b)(ii), for a period starting on the first day after the termination or Change in Control and ending upon the twelve (12) month
anniversary date of the termination or Change in Control. If the Executive becomes eligible for similar benefits from another employer, Telkonet will reimburse Executive
for the Executive's share of current employer's health insurance premium ending upon the twelve (12) month anniversary date of the termination. For purposes of this
section, "Change in Control" is defined as a sale of all or substantially all of the stock or assets of the Company.

(f) In the event of a termination under (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this paragraph 6, within thirty (30) days of the separation date, Telkonet shall make a lump sum payment of
any back pay, Executive loans or deferments then due and owing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, this Agreement shall not terminate or expire under (e) of
this paragraph six unless and until (iii) Executive is reimbursed for any back pay, Executive loans or deferments then due and owing.

(g)  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Telkonet may not terminate the Executive under (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) of this paragraph 6 until Executive has been
successfully released from any personal guarantee's without loss to the Executive or projects for which Executive has provided a personal guarantee have been successfully
completed and the affiliated bond has been released at no loss to the Executive.

(h)  If Executive's employment terminates by reason of death or disability, then (i) Executive will be entitled to receive benefits only in accordance with the Company's then
applicable plans, policies, and arrangements.

(i) Separation Agreement and Release of Claims. The receipt of any severance pursuant to this Agreement will be subject to Executive signing and not revoking a separation
agreement and release of claims (the "Release") in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company, which becomes effective within thirty (30) days following Executive's
separation from service. The Release will provide (among other things) that Executive will not disparage the Company, its directors, or its executive officers for 12 months
following the date of termination and the Company will instruct its officers and directors not to disparage the Executive. No severance pursuant to this Agreement will be
paid or provided until the Release becomes effective.

(j) No Duty to Mitigate. Executive will not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment contemplated by this Agreement, nor will any earnings that Executive may
receive from any other source reduce any such payment.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(k) No-Inducement. In the event of a termination of Executive's employment that otherwise would entitle Executive to the receipt of severance and other benefits pursuant
to this Agreement, Executive agrees that as a condition to receipt of such severance, during the 12 month period following termination of employment, Executive, directly or
indirectly, whether as employee, owner, sole proprietor, partner, director, founder or otherwise, will not, solicit, induce, or influence any person to modify their employment
or consulting relationship with the Company (the "No-Inducement"). If Executive breaches the No-Inducement, all payments and benefits to which Executive otherwise
may be entitled pursuant to this Section 6 will cease immediately.

7. Surrender of Books and Papers. Upon termination of this Agreement (irrespective of the time, manner, or cause of termination, be it for cause or otherwise), Executive
shall immediately surrender to Telkonet all books, records, or other written papers or documents entrusted to him or which he has otherwise acquired pertaining to Telkonet
and all other Telkonet property in Executive's possession, custody or control.

8. Inventions and Patents. Executive agrees that Executive will promptly, from time-to time, fully inform and disclose to Telkonet any and all ideas, concepts, copyrights,
copyrightable material, developments, inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries of whatever nature that Executive may have or produced during the term of
Executive's employment under this Agreement that pertain or relate to the then current business of Telkonet (the "Creations"), whether conceived by Executive alone or with
others and whether or not conceived during regular working hours. All Creations shall be the exclusive property of Telkonet and shall be "works made for hire" as defined in 17
U.S.C. §101, and Telkonet shall own all rights in and to the Creations throughout the world, without payment of royalty or other consideration to Executive or anyone claiming
through Executive. Executive hereby transfers and assigns to Telkonet (or its designee) all right, title and interest in and to every Creation. Executive shall assist Telkonet in
obtaining patents or copyrights on all such inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries being patentable or copyrightable by Executive or Telkonet and shall execute all
documents and do all things reasonably necessary (at Telkonet's sole cost and expense) to obtain letters of patent or copyright, vest Telkonet with full and exclusive title thereto,
and protect the same against infringement by third parties, and such assistance shall be given by Executive, if needed, after termination of this Agreement for whatever cause or
reason. Executive hereby represents and warrants that Executive has no current or future obligation with respect to the assignment or disclosure of any or all developments,
inventions, designs, improvements and discoveries of whatever nature to any previous Employer, entity or other person and that Executive does not claim any rights or interest
in or to any previous unpatented or uncopyrighted developments, inventions, designs, improvements or discoveries.

9. Trade Secrets, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation.

(a) Trade Secrets. Contemporaneous with the execution of this Agreement and during the term of employment under this Agreement, Telkonet shall deliver to Executive or
permit Executive to have access to and become familiar with various confidential information and trade secrets of Telkonet, including without limitation, data, production
methods, customer lists, product format or developments, other information concerning the business of Telkonet and other unique processes, procedures, services and
products of Telkonet, which are regularly used in the operation of the business of Telkonet (collectively, the "Confidential Information"). For purposes of the preceding
sentence, information is not treated as being Confidential Information if it: (i) is or becomes generally available to the public other than by Executive in violation of this
Agreement; (ii) is obtained by Executive in good faith from a third party who discloses such information to Executive on a non-confidential basis without violating any
obligation of confidentiality or secrecy relating to the information disclosed; (iii) is independently developed by Executive outside the scope of his employment without use
of Confidential Information; or (iv) is Executive's personnel information. Executive shall not disclose any of the Confidential Information that he receives from Telkonet or
their clients and customers in the course of his employment with Telkonet, directly or indirectly, nor use it in any way, either during the term of this Agreement or for a period
of five (5) years thereafter, except as required in the course of employment with Telkonet. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that Executive owes Telkonet, a
fiduciary duty to preserve and protect all Confidential Information from unauthorized disclosure or unauthorized use. All files, records, documents, drawings, graphics,
processes, specifications, equipment and similar items relating to the business of Telkonet, whether prepared by Executive or otherwise coming into Executive's possession in
the course of his employment with Telkonet, shall remain the exclusive property of Telkonet and shall not be removed from the premises of Telkonet without the prior
written consent of Telkonet unless removed in relation to the performance of Executive's duties under this Agreement. Any such files, records, documents, drawings,
graphics, specifications, equipment and similar items, and any and all copies of such materials which have been removed from the premises of Telkonet, shall be returned by
Executive to Telkonet. For purposes of this Section 9, "Telkonet" means Telkonet, Inc., including its subsidiaries and affiliates and all successors and predecessors in interest
to Telkonet.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Non-Competition. Executive acknowledges that he will be provided with and have access to the Confidential Information, the unauthorized use or disclosure of which
would cause irreparable injury to Telkonet, that Telkonet's willingness to enter into this Agreement is based in material part on Executive's agreement to the provisions of
this Section 9(b) and that Executive's breach of the provisions of this Section would materially and irreparably damage Telkonet. In consideration for Telkonet’s disclosure
of Confidential Information to Executive, Executive's access to the Confidential Information, and the salary paid to executive hereunder, Executive agrees that during the
term of Executive's employment under this Agreement and for one (1) year after the termination of Executive's employment and regardless whether such termination is with
or without cause, Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, either as an executive, employee, employer, consultant, agent, principal, partner, stockholder, corporate officer,
director, advisor or in any other individual or representative capacity, engage or participate in any business that is in competition in any manner whatsoever with the
Restricted Business (as defined herein) in North America. "Restricted Business" means any business conducted by Telkonet at the time of separation of the Executive from
Telkonet.

(c)  Reasonableness of Restrictions. Executive acknowledges that the restrictions set forth in Section 9(b) of this Agreement are reasonable in scope and necessary for the
protection of the business and goodwill of Telkonet. Executive agrees that should any portion of the covenants in Section 9 be unenforceable because of the scope thereof or
the period covered thereby or otherwise, the covenant shall be deemed to be reduced and limited to enable it to be enforced to the maximum extent permissible under the
laws and public policies applied in the jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought.

(d)  Injunctive Relief; Extension of Restrictive Period. In the event of a breach of any of the covenants by Executive or Telkonet contained in this Agreement, it is
understood that damages will be difficult to ascertain, and either party may petition a court of law or equity for injunctive relief in addition to any other relief which
Executive or Telkonet may have under the law, including but not limited to reasonable attorneys' fees.

10. Indemnification and Insurance. Executive will be covered under the Company's insurance policies and, subject to applicable law, will be provided indemnification to
the maximum extent permitted by the Company's bylaws, Certificate of Incorporation, and standard form of Indemnification Agreement, with such insurance coverage and
indemnification to be in accordance with the Company's standard practices for senior executive officers but on terms no less favorable than provided to any other Company
senior executive officer or director.

11. Miscellaneous.

(a)  This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns. Executive shall not assign any part of
his rights under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Telkonet.

(b)  This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding between the parties and supersedes any and all prior understandings and agreements between the
parties regarding Executive's employment.

(c)  No modification hereof shall be binding unless made in writing and signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought. No waiver of any provisions of this
Agreement shall be valid unless the same is in writing and signed by the party against whom it is sought to be enforced, unless it can be shown through custom, usage
or course of action.

(d)  This Agreement is executed in, and it is the intention of the parties hereto that it shall be governed by, the laws of the State of Wisconsin without giving effect to
applicable conflict of laws provisions.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e)  The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to be severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or
enforceability of the other provisions hereof.

(f) Any notice or communication permitted or required by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall become effective upon personal service, or service by wire
transmission, which has been acknowledged by the other party as being received, or two (2) days after its mailing by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage
prepaid addressed as follows:

(1)  If to Telkonet: Attn: General Counsel Telkonet, Inc. 20800, Suite 175, Swenson Dr. Waukesha, WI 53186.

(2)  If to Executive, to: Richard E. Mushrush at the last residential address known by the Company as provided by Executive in writing.

(g) Acknowledgment. Executive acknowledges that he has had the opportunity to discuss this matter with and obtain advice from his private attorney, has had sufficient
time to, and has carefully read and fully understands all the provisions of this Agreement, and is knowingly and voluntarily entering into this Agreement.

(h) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, and each counterpart will have the same force and effect as an original and will constitute an effective,
binding agreement on the part of each of the undersigned.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Telkonet and Executive have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.

/s/ signature                        

Compensation Committee

10.8.18              
Date

/s/ Richard E. Mushrush                

Richard E. Mushrush

10/1/18              
Date

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 23

Telkonet, Inc.
Waukesha, Wisconsin

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-161909 and 333-175737) of Telkonet, Inc. of our report dated April
1, 2019, relating to the consolidated financial statements, which appear in this Form 10-K. Our report contains an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s ability to
continue as a going concern.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP
Milwaukee, Wisconsin

April 1, 2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.1

I, Jason L. Tienor, certify that:

CERTIFICATIONS

1.           I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Telkonet, Inc.;

2.           Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in
light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.           Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.                      The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)           Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which
this report is being prepared;

(b)           Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally
accepted accounting principles;

(c)           Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the

disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)           Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter
(the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting; and

5.             The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s
auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)            All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to

adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)                     Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a  significant  role  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over

financial reporting.

Date:  April 1, 2019

By: /s/ Jason L. Tienor

       Jason L. Tienor
       Chief Executive Officer

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.2

I, Gene Mushrush, certify that:

CERTIFICATIONS

1.           I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Telkonet, Inc.;

2.           Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in
light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.           Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.                      The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)           Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which
this report is being prepared;

(b)           Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally
accepted accounting principles;

(c)           Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the

disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)           Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter
(the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting; and

5.             The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s
auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)            All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to

adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)                     Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a  significant  role  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over

financial reporting.

Date:  April 1, 2019

By: /s/ Gene Mushrush                      

       Gene Mushrush
       Chief Financial Officer

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In  connection  with  the Annual  Report  of  Telkonet,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jason L. Tienor, Chief Executive Officer of Telkonet, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.  section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Jason L. Tienor                                   
Jason L. Tienor
Chief Executive Officer
April 1, 2019

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In  connection  with  the Annual  Report  of  Telkonet,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  “Report”),  I,  Gene  Mushrush,  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Telkonet,  certify,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Gene Mushrush                                   
Gene Mushrush
Chief Financial Officer
April 1, 2019