Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Gambling, Resorts & Casinos / Vail Resorts

Vail Resorts

mtn · NYSE Consumer Cyclical
Claim this profile
Ticker mtn
Exchange NYSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Gambling, Resorts & Casinos
Employees 10,000+
← All annual reports
FY2021 Annual Report · Vail Resorts
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
NOTICE OF THE 2021 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 
PROXY STATEMENT 
2021 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

  Compensation-Setting Process  ..........................................

  Elements of Compensation     ...............................................

  2021 Compensation Decisions    ..........................................

  Other Executive Compensation Policies and Practices    ....

Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal 2021  ..................

Grants of Plan-Based Awards in Fiscal
    2021   ................................................................................

Employment Agreements  ....................................................

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal 2021 Year-End    ........

Option Exercises and Stock Vested in Fiscal 2021    ............

Pension Benefits  ..................................................................

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation for Fiscal 2021     .......

Page

34

36

37

39

41

43

44

45

47

48

49

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-In-

Control      ............................................................................

50

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity 

Compensation Plans   ........................................................
Pay Ratio Disclosure     ...........................................................

Proposal 2. Ratification of the Selection of Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm   ...............................

53

54

55

Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting 

Firm   .................................................................................

55

Fees Billed to Vail Resorts by 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP during Fiscal 2021 and 
Fiscal 2020    ......................................................................

55

Proposal 3. Advisory Vote to Approve Executive 

Compensation    ...................................................................

56

The Annual Meeting and Voting – Questions and 

Answers    .............................................................................

Stockholder Proposals for 2022 Annual Meeting    .............

Householding of Proxy Materials     .......................................

Other Matters    .......................................................................

57

61

61

62

Our Company   .......................................................................

Proxy Summary    ...................................................................

Proposal 1. Election of Directors  ........................................

Information with Respect to Nominees     ..............................

Management  .........................................................................

Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers    

Information as to Certain Stockholders    ............................

Corporate Governance   ........................................................

Corporate Governance Guidelines     ......................................

Board Leadership and Lead Independent Director  .............

Meetings of the Board    .........................................................

Executive Sessions    ..............................................................

Director Nominations  ..........................................................

Determinations Regarding Independence    ...........................

Communications with the Board     ........................................

Code of Ethics and Business Conduct    ................................

Risk Management    ...............................................................

Sustainability Efforts     ..........................................................

Compensation Risk Assessment    .........................................

Committees of the Board     ....................................................

The Audit Committee    .......................................................

Audit Committee Report    ................................................

The Compensation Committee     .........................................

Compensation Committee Report     ..................................

The Nominating & Governance Committee      .....................

The Executive Committee   .................................................

Director Compensation    .......................................................

Director Compensation for Fiscal 2021    ..............................

Director Cash Compensation  ..............................................

Director Equity Compensation      ...........................................

Limited Director Perquisites and Personal Benefits    ...........

Stock Ownership Guidelines for Non-Employee Directors   

Transactions with Related Persons     ....................................

Related Party Transactions Policy and Procedures   .............

Executive Compensation     .....................................................

Compensation Discussion and Analysis   .............................

 Recent Developments Affecting Fiscal 2021 

Compensation    .................................................................

Fiscal 2022 Compensation Decisions   .................................

 Executive Summary of our Compensation Program    .........

1

2

8

8

15

16

17

18

18

18

18

19

19

19

19

19

20

20

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

26

27

27

28

28

29

29

29

29

30

30

30

31

31

 Key Objectives of Our Executive Compensation 

Program   ...........................................................................

34

i

 
 
 Who We Are

We  are  the  premier  mountain  resort  company  in  the  world  and  a  leader  in  luxury,  destination-based  travel  at  iconic 

locations. We operate thirty-seven world-class destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas as well as lodging properties.

 What We Believe

Everything we do needs to be aligned with our five stakeholders:

•

•

•

•

•

Our Guests

Our Employees

Our Communities

Our Natural Environment

Our Shareholders

 Our Mission: Experience of a Lifetime

At Vail Resorts, our mission is simple – to provide an Experience of a Lifetime. We do this this by creating an Experience 

of a Lifetime for our employees, so they can, in turn, provide an Experience of a Lifetime for our guests.

 Our Core Values

As Vail Resorts employees, we hold ourselves accountable for living these foundational values every day in everything 

we do:

Do Right

Act with integrity – always do the right thing, knowing it leads to the right outcome.

Be Inclusive

Welcome everyone to our company, resorts and communities—include all races, gender 
identities, sexual orientations, abilities and other differences

Drive Value

Grow profit through smart and innovative business practices.

Do Good

Preserve our natural environments and contribute to the success of our local communities.

Serve Others

Take ownership of opportunities to assist our employees and guests, elevating their 
experiences.

Be Safe

Be committed to the safety and wellness of our employees and guests.

Have Fun

Fun is our product – create fun, enjoy your work and share the contagious spirit.

1

   
PROXY SUMMARY

     This summary contains highlights about our Company and the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. This summary 
does not contain all of the information that you should consider in advance of the annual meeting, and we encourage you to 
read the entire Proxy Statement and our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 23, 2021 (the 
“Annual  Report”)  carefully  before  voting.  Page  references  are  provided  to  help  you  find  further  information  in  this  Proxy 
Statement. For information concerning the annual meeting and voting on the proposals discussed in more detail in this Proxy 
Statement, please see “The Annual Meeting and Voting – Questions and Answers” beginning on page 57.

 Corporate Governance Highlights (page 18)

We  believe  good  governance  is  integral  to  achieving  long-term  stockholder  value.  We  are  committed  to  governance 
policies  and  practices  that  serve  the  interests  of  the  Company  and  its  stockholders.  The  Board  of  Directors  monitors 
developments  in  governance  best  practices  to  assure  that  it  continues  to  meet  its  commitment  to  thoughtful  and  independent 
representation of stockholder interests. Highlights of our corporate governance include:

•

•

•

•

All of our director nominees are independent, except for Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch;

All of our Audit, Compensation and Nominating & Governance Committee members are independent;

An independent non-executive lead director;

Annual election of all directors;

• Majority voting standard and a director resignation policy in uncontested director elections;

•

Executive sessions of independent directors held at regularly scheduled Board meetings;

• Meaningful stock ownership guidelines;

•

•

•

Excellent track record of attendance by our directors at Board and committee meetings in fiscal 2021;

Anti-hedging policy for all directors and executive officers; and

Clawback policy applicable to executive officers for both cash and equity-based awards.

 Environmental, Social & Governance Highlights

Vail  Resorts  is  committed  to  creating  long-term  value  for  our  business  and  our  stakeholders  through  environmental, 
social and governance (“ESG”) practices that drive environmentally, socially and ethically sustainable behavior and promote 
the wellbeing of our employees, guests and communities.  Highlights of our ESG commitments include:

2

Community Impact.  Vail Resorts is committed to helping 
our  resort  communities  thrive  by  partnering  with  critical 
organizations  to  make  an  impact,  donating  more  than  $18 
million  to  non-profit  partners  in  our  resort  communities 
annually. 
visit 
epicpromise.com.

For  more 

information 

please 

Mountain  Safety. 
  The  nature  of  our  on-mountain 
operations comes with inherent safety risks, and the safety 
of  our  employees  and  guests  is  a  top  priority.  We  have 
dedicated  health  and  safety  teams  that  oversee  resort 
operations, as well as highly trained ski patrol professionals 
at each resort.

COVID-19  Response.    The  safety  of  our  employees  and 
guests  has  been  of  utmost  importance  to  us  during  the 
COVID-19  pandemic.  For  detail  on  our  response  to  the 
COVID-19  pandemic,  please  see  the  Human  Capital 
Management disclosure in our Annual Report on Form 10-
K filed with the SEC on September 23, 2021.

Commitment  to  Zero.    Vail  Resorts  remains  on  track  for 
achieving  its  sustainability  goal  to  achieve  a  zero  net 
operating  footprint  by  2030.  The  three  pillars  of  this 
commitment  include:  zero  net  emissions,  zero  waste  to 
landfill  and  zero  net  operating  impact  on  forests  and 
habitat. For more information please visit epicpromise.com.

3

Diversity,  Equity  &  Inclusion  (“DEI”).    We  believe  that 
DEI is core to both our Company’s success and the growth 
of  the  ski  industry.    One  of  our  core  values  is  “Be 
Inclusive”, which means that we welcome everyone to our 
Company,  resorts  and  communities,  including  all  races, 
gender  identities,  sexual  orientations,  abilities  and  other 
differences.

Company  Culture.    Core  to  our  mission  is  to  create  an 
Experience  of  a  Lifetime  to  our  employees,  so  they  can  in 
turn provide an Experience of a Lifetime for our guests.  We 
have  a  values-based  leadership  culture  that  places  a 
premium  on 
transparency,  vulnerability  and 
authenticity.       

leader 

Talent Development.  We are passionate about our people, 
and  we  are  focused  on  developing  our  talent  and  building 
the  best  teams  around  them.  We  offer  a  variety  of 
leadership  development  programs  for  everyone  from  our 
to  our  most  senior 
entry 
executives.

level  seasonal  employees 

integral 

to  achieving 

Corporate Governance.  We believe that good governance 
for  our 
is 
stakeholders.  Our  Board  of  Directors  ensures  that  we  are 
leading  with  the  best  governance  practices  to  serve  the 
interests  of  our  Company  and  our  stockholders,  including 
receiving feedback from our stockholders.

long-term  value 

 Director Nominees (page 8)

The following table provides summary information about each director nominee. Each director stands for election 
annually. Detailed information about each director nominee’s background, skill set and areas of experience can be found 
beginning on page 8. 

Director Nominee

Susan L. Decker

Robert A. Katz1

Kirsten A. Lynch1

Nadia Rawlinson

John T. Redmond

Michele Romanow

Hilary A. Schneider

D. Bruce Sewells

John F. Sorte

Peter A. Vaughn

Fiscal 2021 Meetings:

Director
Since

2015

1996

2021

2019

2008

2016

2010

2013

1993

2013

Primary Occupation and Experience
CEO and Co-Founder of Raftr and 
Principal of Deck3 Ventures LLC
Chairperson of the Board and CEO 
of Vail Resorts, Inc.
CEO (eff. Nov. 2021); current EVP and 
CMO of Vail Resorts, Inc.
Former Chief People Officer of Slack 
Technologies, Inc.
President of Allegiant Travel Company

Co-Founder and President of Clearco
President, CEO & Chair of the Board of 
Directors of Shutterfly, Inc.
Former SVP, General Counsel & 
Secretary of Apple Inc.
Executive Chairman of Morgan Joseph 
TriArtisan Group, Inc.
Founder and Managing Director of 
Vaughn Advisory Group, LLC

Committee Memberships

Independent   Audit   Comp   N&G Exec

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Chair

 X

X

X

X

X

X

X

5

F

F

Chair 
F

X

4

Chair   X

X

X

1

—

Audit – Audit Committee
Comp – Compensation Committee
N&G – Nominating & Governance Committee

Exec – Executive Committee
F – Audit Committee Financial Expert
s – Lead Independent Director

1.

In August 2021, the Company announced that Mr. Katz would transition into the role of Executive Chairperson effective November 1,
2021.  At that time, Kirsten Lynch, the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer, will become CEO, a director
of the Company and a member of the Executive Committee.

The Board of Directors held five meetings during fiscal 2021. Each of the director nominees who were directors during 
fiscal 2021 attended at least 75% of the meetings held by the Board and Board committees on which he or she served during the 
fiscal year.

Board Composition

Our  ten  director  nominees  have  an  effective  mix  of  skills,  experience,  background  and  diversity  of  perspective.    The 
below graphs quantify these aspects of our various board members and include Kirsten A. Lynch, who will become a director of 
the Company effective November 1, 2021.

4

Global Leadership (9/10)Innovation & Technology (7/10)Travel & Leisure (6/10)Financial Expertise (5/10)International (9/10)Sales & Marketing (6/10) Executive Compensation Highlights (see page 30)

Under our executive compensation program, a significant portion (approximately 75%) of the CEO’s and other named 
executive officers’ annual target total direct compensation is variable based upon our operating performance and/or our stock 
price, as shown below:

5

In addition, for fiscal 2021, we engaged in (or refrained from) certain pay practices with respect to our named executive 

officer compensation program that we believe align with market best practices:

What We Do:

þ

þ

þ

þ

þ

þ

þ

þ

þ

þ

Annual Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation

Independent Compensation Committee

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Tied to Performance

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Delivered in the Form of Long-Term Equity-Based Incentives

Market Alignment of Compensation but with Greater Emphasis on At- Risk Compensation

Independent Compensation Consultant

Clawback Policy

Stock Ownership Guidelines

Use of Tally Sheets

Annual Risk Assessment

What We Don’t Do:

ý
ý
ý

ý

ý

ý

ý

ý

No Excessive Perquisites

No Tax Gross-Ups on Perquisites, Except for Standard Relocation Benefits

No Excise Tax Gross-Ups

No Automatic Salary Increases or Guaranteed Bonuses

No “Single Trigger” Automatic Payments, Benefits or Equity Vesting Upon a Change in Control

No Hedging or Pledging

No Equity Repricing

No Pension Plans or SERPs

VOTING MATTERS AND BOARD RECOMMENDATION

The  following  table  summarizes  the  proposals  to  be  considered  at  the  annual  meeting  and  the  Board’s  voting 

recommendation with respect to each proposal.

Management Proposals
Election of the ten directors named in this Proxy Statement, each for a one-year term 
expiring in 2022
Ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as independent registered public 
accounting firm for fiscal 2022
Advisory vote to approve executive compensation

Board Vote
Recommendation
FOR EACH 
NOMINEE
FOR

FOR

Page
Reference
8

55

56

Election of Directors (Proposal No. 1)

We  are  asking  stockholders  to  elect  each  of  our  nominees  for  the  Board  of  Directors  named  in  this  proxy  statement.  Our 
nominees are: Susan L. Decker, Robert A. Katz, Kirsten A. Lynch, Nadia Rawlinson, John T. Redmond, Michele Romanow, 
Hilary  A.  Schneider,  D.  Bruce  Sewell,  John  F.  Sorte  and  Peter  A.  Vaughn.  If  elected,  each  director  nominee  will  serve  as  a 
director for a one-year term that expires in 2022.

Ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as Independent Auditor (Proposal No. 2)

We  are  asking  stockholders  to  ratify  the  appointment  of  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  as  independent  registered  public 
accounting  firm  for  fiscal  2022.  The  Audit  Committee  has  selected,  and  the  Board  of  Directors  has  ratified  the  selection  of, 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal 2022. Set forth below is 
information about its fees in fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020.

6

Type of fees

Audit fees

Audit-related fees

Tax fees

Other fees
Total

2021

2020

$ 

2,873,900  $ 

2,896,000 

— 

135,000 

9,000 
3,017,900  $ 

$ 

— 

178,400 

5,100 
3,079,500 

Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation (Proposal No. 3)

We are asking stockholders to cast an advisory, non-binding vote to approve compensation awarded to our named executive 
officers. The primary objective of our executive compensation program is to emphasize pay-for-performance by incentivizing 
our executive officers and senior management to drive superior results and generate stockholder value. Additional information 
regarding our executive compensation may be found elsewhere in this Proxy Statement.

MEETING INFORMATION

Date and time:

December 8, 2021, 9:00 a.m. Mountain Time

Website:

Record date:

Voting:

www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2021

October 12, 2021
Stockholders at the close of business on the record date may vote at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 
Each share is entitled to one vote on each matter to be voted upon.

7

390 Interlocken Crescent
Broomfield, Colorado 80021

PROXY STATEMENT FOR THE 2021
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

We  are  providing  these  proxy  materials  in  connection  with  the  solicitation  of  proxies  by  the  Board  of  Directors  (the 
“Board”)  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  to  be  voted  at  our  annual  meeting,  which  will  take  place  on  Wednesday, 
December  8,  2021  at  9:00  a.m.,  Mountain  Time,  via  a  live  virtual  shareholder  meeting,  and  at  any  adjournment  or 
postponement thereof. As a stockholder, you are invited to attend the annual meeting and are requested to vote on the items of 
business described in this Proxy Statement.

In  accordance  with  the  “notice  and  access”  rules  and  regulations  of  the  SEC,  instead  of  mailing  a  printed  copy  of  our 
proxy materials to each stockholder of record or beneficial owner, we are furnishing proxy materials, which include our Proxy 
Statement and annual report, to our stockholders over the Internet. Because you received a Notice of Internet Availability of 
Proxy  Materials  by  mail,  you  will  not  receive  a  printed  copy  of  the  proxy  materials,  unless  you  have  previously  made  a 
permanent election to receive these materials in hard copy or unless you request a printed copy as described below. Instead, the 
Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials will instruct you as to how you may access and review all of the important 
information  contained  in  the  proxy  materials.  The  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy  Materials  also  instructs  you  as  to 
how you may submit your proxy. If you received a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials by mail and would like to 
receive a printed copy of our proxy materials you should follow the instructions for requesting such materials included in the 
Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials.

It is anticipated that the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials will be mailed, and this Proxy Statement will 

be made available, to stockholders on or about October 25, 2021.

PROPOSAL 1. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

At the annual meeting, ten directors will be nominated for election to the Board to serve for the next year and until their 
respective successors are elected and qualified. The nominees are Mmes. Decker, Lynch, Rawlinson, Romanow and Schneider 
and Messrs. Katz, Redmond, Sewell, Sorte and Vaughn.  Each of the nominees is currently a director of the Company and all 
nominees were previously elected by stockholders, except for Ms. Lynch. Ms. Lynch was recommended to be a director of the 
Company by the Nominating and Governance Committee and was appointed by the Board to be a director, effective November 
1, 2021, in connection with her appointment as Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

The persons named as proxies in the accompanying proxy, who have been designated by the Board, intend to vote, unless 
otherwise  instructed  in  such  proxy,  “FOR”  the  election  of  Mmes.  Decker,  Lynch,  Rawlinson,  Romanow  and  Schneider  and 
Messrs. Katz, Redmond, Sewell, Sorte and Vaughn as directors.  If any nominee becomes unavailable for election as a result of 
an unexpected occurrence, your shares will be voted for the election of a substitute nominee, if any, proposed by the Board. 
Each person nominated for election has agreed to serve if elected. Our Board has no reason to believe that any nominee will be 
unable to serve. The proxies solicited by this proxy statement may not be voted for more than ten nominees.

INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO NOMINEES

The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  monitors  the  mix  of  skills,  knowledge,  perspective,  leadership,  age, 
experience  and  diversity  among  directors  in  order  to  assure  that  the  Board  has  the  ability  to  perform  its  oversight  function 
effectively.  The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  has  determined  that  the  Board  will  be  comprised  of  individuals  who 
meet  the  highest  possible  personal  and  professional  standards.  Our  director  nominees  should  have  broad  experience  in 
management,  policymaking  and/or  finance,  relevant  industry  knowledge,  business  creativity  and  vision.  They  should  also  be 
committed to enhancing stockholder value and should be able to dedicate sufficient time to effectively carry out their duties.

The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  considers  many  factors  when  determining  the  eligibility  of  candidates  for 
nomination  as  director.  The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  does  not  have  a  formal  diversity  policy;  however,  in 
connection with the annual nomination process, the Nominating & Governance Committee considers the diversity of candidates 
to ensure that the Board is comprised of individuals with a broad range of experiences and backgrounds who can contribute to 

8

the  Board’s  overall  effectiveness  in  carrying  out  its  responsibilities.  The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  assesses  the 
effectiveness of its efforts at achieving a diverse Board when it annually evaluates the Board’s composition.

The Nominating & Governance Committee considers the following specific characteristics in making its nominations for 
our  Board:  independence,  wisdom,  integrity,  understanding  and  general  acceptance  of  the  Company’s  corporate  philosophy, 
business  or  professional  knowledge  and  experience  that  can  bear  on  the  Company’s  and  the  Board’s  challenges  and 
deliberations, proven record of accomplishment with excellent organizations, inquiring mind, willingness to speak one’s mind, 
ability  to  challenge  and  stimulate  management,  future  orientation,  willingness  to  commit  time  and  energy,  diversity  and 
international/global experience.

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  director  nominees  will  stand  for  election  for  one-year  terms,  expiring  at  the  2022  Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders.  The following sets forth the name and age of each director, identifies whether the director is currently 
a member of the Board, lists all other positions and offices, if any, now held by him or her with the Company, and specifies his 
or her principal occupation during at least the last five years.

Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

SUSAN L. DECKER
Age – 58

CEO & Co-Founder of Raftr

Director Since
September 2015

Independent

Committees:
Compensation (Chair), 
Nominating & Governance 

Current Public Directorships:
Berkshire Hathaway, Inc.
Costco Wholesale Corporation
Momentive Inc.

Ms. Decker is CEO and co-founder of Raftr, a college campus social platform which was 
launched  in    2017.  In  addition,  Ms.  Decker  is  the  principal  of  Deck3  Ventures  LLC,  a 
privately  held  consulting  and  advisory  firm,  a  position  she  has  held  since  2009.  Ms. 
Decker  currently  serves  on  the  boards  of  directors  of  Automattic,  Berkshire  Hathaway 
Inc.,  Chime  Financial,  Inc.,  Costco  Wholesale  Corporation,  InterPrivate  II  Acquisition 
Corp., Momentive Inc. (formerly SurveyMonkey) and Vox Media, Inc. During the 2009 - 
2010  academic  year,  Ms.  Decker  served  as  Entrepreneur-in-Residence  at  Harvard 
Business School. Prior to that, from June 2000 to April 2009, she held various executive 
management positions at Yahoo! Inc., a global Internet brand, including President (June 
2007 to April 2009), head of the Advertiser and Publisher Group (December 2006 to June 
2007) and Chief Financial Officer (June 2000 to June 2007). Prior to joining Yahoo!, she 
spent  14  years  with  Donaldson,  Lufkin  &  Jenrette  (DLJ),  most  recently  as  Managing 
Director,  global  equity  research  (1998  -  2000),  and  previously  as  an  equity  research 
analyst, covering publishing and advertising stocks from 1986 to 1998. 

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership and Finance experience—former lead director of an international

manufacturer of microprocessors and chipsets (Intel); current principal of corporate
advisory firm (Deck3); former president and CFO of large public global
technology company (Yahoo!); former entrepreneur-in-residence for leading
business school (Harvard); former global director of equity research for an
investment bank (DLJ)

• Technology and International experience—director of a large, diverse

multinational conglomerate (Berkshire); director of a financial technology and
mobile banking company (Chime); director of a leading global retailer (Costco);
former director of an international manufacturer of microprocessors and chipsets
company (Intel); leadership positions at large public global technology company
(Yahoo!); former director of global equity research for an investment bank (DLJ);
director of a cloud-based software as a service (SaaS) company (Momentive); CEO
& co-founder of a digital media product (Raftr)

9

 
Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

 ROBERT A. KATZ
Age – 54

CEO & Chairperson of the 

Board,       
Vail Resorts, Inc.

Director Since
June 1996

Chairperson of the Board Since
March 2009

Mr.  Katz  is  the  Chairperson  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Vail  Resorts.  Effective 
November  1,  2021,  Mr.  Katz  will  step  down  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  become 
Executive  Chairperson  of  the  Board.  Mr.  Katz  has  served  as  Chairperson  since  March 
2009 and previously he served as Lead Director from June 2003 until his appointment as 
Chief Executive Officer in February 2006. Mr. Katz has served on the Board of Directors 
of Vail Resorts since 1996 and has been involved with the Company since 1991. Prior to 
becoming the Chief Executive Officer, he was associated with Apollo Management L.P., 
a private equity investment firm, since its founding in 1990. Mr. Katz and his wife are the 
founders  and  board  members  of  the  Katz  Amsterdam  Foundation,  which  seeks  to  help 
address  behavioral  health  challenges  in  mountain  resort  communities  and  support 
organizations  that  are  working  to  address  racial  justice  challenges  across  the  United 
States. Mr. Katz currently serves on the Wharton Leadership Advisory Board and the Fast 
Company Impact Council, and he has previously served on numerous private, public and 
non-profit boards.

Committees:
Executive

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership, Industry and Marketing experience—professional association with

Vail Resorts began in 1992 and has been involved with all major strategic
decisions for over two decades; CEO since 2006 with unique insight and
information regarding the Company’s strategy, operations and business and
experience with global branding, development and strategy, as well a unique
historical perspective into the operations and vision for the Company (Vail
Resorts)

• Finance experience—current CEO of large public company (Vail Resorts); former

senior partner at large private equity investment firm (Apollo)

Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

 KIRSTEN A. LYNCH
Age – 53

CEO (effective November 1, 
2021); current Executive Vice 
President &  Chief Marketing 
Officer   
Vail Resorts, Inc.

Director Effective
November 2021

Current Public Directorships:
Stitch Fix, Inc.

Ms. Lynch will become Chief Executive Officer and a director of Vail Resorts effective 
November  1,  2021,  and  has  served  as  Executive  Vice  President  and  Chief  Marketing 
Officer since July 2011. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Lynch was with PepsiCo, Inc., 
where she was Chief Marketing Officer of the Quaker Foods and Snacks Division from 
2009  to  2011,  leading  the  brand  marketing,  consumer  insights  and  shopper  marketing 
organization.  Prior  to  PepsiCo,  Kirsten  worked  for  Kraft  Foods  for  12  years  in  various 
positions  including  Vice  President  of  Marketing  for  Kraft  Foods’  Cheese  and  Dairy 
Business Unit and Senior Marketing Director for Kraft Macaroni & Cheese. Ms. Lynch 
started her career with Ford Motor Company in marketing and sales.  Ms. Lynch is also a 
member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  Stitch  Fix,  Inc.,  a  publicly  traded  e-commerce 
company focused on personalized data-driven fashion.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership experience—current executive vice president and Chief Marketing

Officer of a large public company (Vail Resorts); former Chief Marketing Officer
at  multinational food and beverage corporation (PepsiCo); former vice president of
marketing for large food manufacturing conglomerate (Kraft); director at publicly
traded e-commerce company (Stitch Fix)

• Industry and Marketing experience—Chief Marketing Officer at two major

corporations leading brand marketing and consumer insights across the enterprises
(Vail Resorts, PepsiCo); multiple marketing positions, including vice president,
overseeing various product divisions (Kraft); marketing and sales at multinational
automobile manufacturer (Ford)

10

 
 
Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

NADIA RAWLINSON
Age – 42

Former Chief People Officer, 
Slack Technologies, Inc.

Director Since
December 2019

Independent

Committees:
Compensation

Ms. Rawlinson was most recently the Chief People Officer of Slack Technologies, Inc., a 
leading  channel-based  messaging  platform,  responsible  for  shaping  the  future  of  work 
and overseeing human resources strategy, a position she held from September 2020 until 
August 2021. From June 2016 to September 2020, she was the Chief Human Resources 
Officer at Live Nation Entertainment leading HR for the company’s 35,000 full time and 
seasonal employees. Prior to that, Ms. Rawlinson worked as the Chief Human Resources 
Officer  at  Rakuten  Americas,  part  of  Japan-based  Rakuten  Group,  one  of  the  largest 
Internet services companies in the world. Before joining Rakuten Americas, she operated 
in both HR and Business leadership roles holding senior positions at Groupon, American 
Express, Rent the Runway and Google. Ms. Rawlinson is currently a director at J.Crew 
Group, Inc. serving as a member of the compensation committee and also serves as chair 
for  the  CHRO  Board  Academy,  a  private/non-profit  professional  organization.  Ms. 
Rawlinson received her BA from Stanford University and MBA from Harvard Business 
School.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership experience— former Chief People Officer of leading channel-based
messaging platform (Slack); former Chief Human Resources Officer of a Fortune
500 live music entertainment company (Live Nation); former Chief Human
Resources Officer of a large international internet services company (Rakuten
Americas); leadership positions at various technology and financial services
companies (Groupon, Rent the Runway, American Express)

• Industry and Technology experience—former Chief Human Resources Officer of

large international ecommerce and SAAS technology companies (Rakuten
Americas, Slack Technologies)

Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

 JOHN T. REDMOND
Age – 63

President, Allegiant Travel 
Company

Director Since
March 2008

Independent

Committees:
Audit

Current Public Directorships:
Allegiant Travel Company

Mr. Redmond has served as the President of Allegiant Travel Company since September 
2016  and  also  serves  as  a  director  of  Allegiant.    Previously,  Mr.  Redmond  was  the 
Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Echo Entertainment Group Limited, a 
leading Australian entertainment and gaming company, from January 2013 to April 2014, 
and  previously  served  as  a  non-executive  director  from  March  2012  to  January  2013. 
Mr. Redmond was President and Chief Executive Officer of MGM Grand Resorts, LLC, a 
collection of resort-casino, residential living and retail developments, and a director of its 
parent  company,  MGM  Resorts  International,  from  March  2001  to  August  2007.  He 
served as Co-Chief Executive Officer and a director of MGM Grand, Inc. from December 
1999 to March 2001. Mr. Redmond was President and Chief Operating Officer of Primm 
Valley Resorts from March 1999 to December 1999 and Senior Vice President of MGM 
Grand  Development,  Inc.  from  August  1996  to  February  1999.  Prior  to  1996, 
Mr.  Redmond  was  Senior  Vice  President  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Caesars  Palace 
and  Sheraton  Desert  Inn,  having  served  in  various  other  senior  operational  and 
development positions with Caesars World, Inc. Mr. Redmond previously served on the 
board of directors of Tropicana Las Vegas Hotel and Casino, Inc.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership and Finance experience—former CEO of large public entertainment
and gaming company (Echo); former senior officer and director of large public
entertainment and gaming company (MGM); president and director of low-cost,
high-efficiency, all-jet passenger airline (Allegiant)

• Industry and International experience—president and director of leisure travel
company (Allegiant); former CEO of large public entertainment and gaming
company (Echo); former senior officer and director of large public entertainment
and gaming company (MGM)

11

 
 
Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

 MICHELE ROMANOW
Age – 36

Co-Founder & President, 
Clearco

Director Since
October 2016

Independent

Committees:
Compensation

Ms.  Romanow  is  the  Co-Founder  and  President  of  Clearco  (formerly  Clearbanc),  a 
technology  company  changing  the  way  companies  raise  money  by  providing  fast, 
affordable growth capital to online brands. Clearco has invested $2.5 billion into 5,500+ 
companies and is headquartered in Toronto, Canada. Previously, Ms. Romanow was the 
Co-Founder of Snap by Groupon (previously SnapSaves), which was founded in March 
2012  and  acquired  by  Groupon,  Inc.  in  June  2014.  She  served  as  a  senior  marketing 
executive  for  Groupon  from  June  2014  until  March  2016.  In  February  2011,  Ms. 
Romanow  founded  Buytopia.ca,  a  Canadian  ecommerce  leader.  Prior  to  that  she  was 
Director  of  Corporate  Strategy  &  Business  Improvement  for  Sears  Canada.  Ms. 
Romanow  is  also  one  of  the  venture  capitalists  on  the  award  winning  CBC  series 
Dragons’ Den. Ms. Romanow is a member of the board of directors of BBTV Holdings 
Inc,  a  Canadian  media  and  technology  company  whose  stock  is  publicly  traded  on  the 
Toronto  Stock  Exchange.  Ms.  Romanow  was  previously  a  member  of  the  board  of 
directors of Whistler Blackcomb, which was acquired by Vail Resorts in October 2016, 
SHAD,  a  Canadian  charity  for  high  school  students,  Freshii  Inc.,  a  publicly  listed 
Canadian fast casual restaurant franchise and League of Innovators, a Canadian charity. 
She holds a Bachelor of Science in Engineering and a Master of Business Administration 
from Queen’s University.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership experience—co-founder and president of Clearco; co-founder of
SnapSaves (now Snap by Groupon) and former head of marketing of Snap by
Groupon; co-founder and former partner of Buytopia.ca; former director of Freshii;
former director of Whistler Blackcomb

• Technology and Marketing experience—former senior marketing executive

(Groupon); co-founder of three technology companies (Clearco, SnapSaves and
Buytopia.ca)

12

 
Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

 HILARY A. SCHNEIDER
Age – 60

President, CEO &       

Chair of the Board of Directors,
Shutterfly, Inc.

Director Since
March 2010

Independent

Committees:
Compensation

Current Public Directorships: 
DigitalOcean, Inc.

In  January  2020,  Ms.  Schneider  was  appointed  President,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  and 
Chair  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Shutterfly,  Inc.,  a  leading  digital  retailer  and 
manufacturer  of  personalized  products  and  services.  From  January  2018  to  November 
2019  she  served  as  CEO  of  Wag!,  the  country's  largest  on-demand  mobile  dog  walking 
and dog care service. Prior to that, Ms. Schneider served as the CEO of LifeLock, Inc., a 
leading provider of identity theft protection, identity risk assessment and fraud protection 
services,  a  position  she  held  since  March  2016  until  the  acquisition  of  LifeLock  by 
Symantec in February 2017. From September 2012 to February 2016, she served as the 
President of LifeLock, Inc. From March 2010 to November 2010, Ms. Schneider served 
as Executive Vice President at Yahoo! Americas. She joined Yahoo! in September 2006 
when she led the company’s U.S. region, Global Partner Solutions and Local Markets and 
Commerce divisions. Prior to joining Yahoo!, she held senior leadership roles at Knight 
Ridder,  Inc.,  from  April  2002  to  January  2005,  including  Chief  Executive  Officer  of 
Knight Ridder Digital before moving to co-manage the company's overall newspaper and 
online business. From 2000 to 2002, Ms. Schneider served as President and CEO of Red 
Herring  Communications.  She  also  held  numerous  roles  at  Times  Mirror  from  1990 
through  2000,  including  President  and  CEO  of  Times  Mirror  Interactive  and  General 
Manager of the Baltimore Sun. Ms. Schneider serves as a senior advisor for TPG Capital 
and  also  currently  serves  on  the  board  of  directors  of  DigitalOcean,  Inc,  a  cloud-based 
service provider, Getty Images, Inc. a visual media company, and Water.org, a non-profit 
organization.  Ms.  Schneider  was  also  previously  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of 
LifeLock, Inc. and SendGrid, Inc.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership experience—president and CEO of  leading digital retailer and

personalized products manufacturer (Shutterfly, Inc.), former CEO of an on-
demand dog walking & dog care company (Wag!), former director, president and
CEO of large public identity and fraud protection company (LifeLock); leadership
positions at large public global technology company (Yahoo!)

• Industry and Marketing experience—former president and CEO of large public
identity and fraud protection company (LifeLock); leadership positions at large
public global technology company (Yahoo!); former director of a SaaS-based
multi-channel engagement platform (SendGrid); senior advisor to large private
equity investment firm (TPG)

Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

D. BRUCE SEWELL
Age – 63

Former Senior Vice President, 
General Counsel & Secretary
Apple Inc.

Director Since
January 2013

Lead Independent Director 
Since June 2019

Independent

Committees:
Audit, Executive, 
Nominating & Governance 

(Chair)       

Current Public Directorships: 
C3.ai, Inc.

From  September  2009  until  December  2017,  Mr.  Sewell  was  Senior  Vice  President, 
General  Counsel  and  Secretary  of  Apple  Inc.,  overseeing  all  legal  matters  for  Apple, 
including corporate governance, intellectual property, litigation and securities compliance, 
as  well  as  global  security  operations,  privacy  and  encryption.  Prior  to  joining  Apple, 
Mr. Sewell served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel of Intel Corporation from 
2005  to  2009.  He  also  served  as  Intel’s  Vice  President,  General  Counsel  from  2004  to 
2005 and Vice President of Legal and Government Affairs, Deputy General Counsel from 
2001 to 2004. Prior to joining Intel in 1995 as a senior attorney, Mr. Sewell was a partner 
in the law firm of Brown and Bain PC. He currently serves on the board of directors and 
as chair for the nominating & governance committee of C3.ai, Inc., an enterprise artificial 
intelligence  software  company  and  serves  on  the  board  of  Clearco,  a  privately  held 
growth  capital  technology  company.  Mr.  Sewell  also  serves  on  the  board  of  Village 
Enterprise,  a  charitable  organization  focusing  on  training  and  creating  sustainable 
businesses in Africa, and is the President and Director of Friends of Lancaster University 
in America, a non-profit organization supporting higher education.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership and Finance experience—prior general counsel of a large international

public company (Apple); leadership positions at international manufacturer of
microprocessors and chipsets (Intel)

• Technology and International experience—prior general counsel of international
public mobile communication, personal computer, software and media devices
company (Apple); leadership positions at international manufacturer of
microprocessors and chipsets (Intel); leadership position at cloud-based enterprise
Platform as a Service (PaaS) for deployment of big data, AI & IoT software
applications (C3.ai)

13

 
 
Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

 JOHN F. SORTE
Age – 74

Executive Chairman,
Morgan Joseph 
TriArtisan Group Inc.

Director Since
January 1993

Independent

Committees:
Audit (Chair), Compensation,
Nominating & Governance,
Executive

Mr.  Sorte  is  Executive  Chairman  of  Morgan  Joseph  TriArtisan  Group  Inc.,  a  merchant 
bank.  Prior  to  co-founding  Morgan  Joseph  in  2001,  he  was  President  of  New  Street 
Advisors  L.P.  He  previously  held  various  positions  at  Drexel  Burnham  Lambert, 
including  Head  of  the  Energy  Group,  Co-head  of  Investment  Banking  and  Chief 
Executive Officer and member of the board of directors. Mr. Sorte started his career as an 
investment banker at Shearson Hammill. Mr. Sorte also serves on the board of directors of 
Shorts  International  Ltd.  and  previously  served  on  the  board  of  directors  of  Autotote 
Corp.  and  Westpoint  Stevens  Inc.,  as  well  as  several  private  companies  and  non-profit 
organizations.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership and Finance experience—executive chairman of merchant bank
(Morgan Joseph); former president of private equity firm (New Street); prior
leadership positions at global investment bank (Drexel)

• International experience—executive chairman of merchant bank with

international operations (Morgan Joseph); prior leadership positions at global
investment bank (Drexel)

Director Nominee

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications

PETER A. VAUGHN
Age – 57

Founder & Managing Director, 
Vaughn Advisory Group, LLC

Director Since
June 2013

Independent

Committees:
Audit

Mr.  Vaughn  is  the  Founding  and  Managing  Director  of  the  Vaughn  Advisory  Group, 
LLC,  a  privately-held  company  providing  advisory  and  consulting  services  on  global 
marketing,  brand  strategy,  business  strategy,  organizational  effectiveness  and  executive 
coaching.  From  July  2018  to  January  2020,  Mr.  Vaughn  served  as  Chief  Experience 
Officer  of  Avenues:  The  World  School,  a  privately-held,  for-profit  global  network  of 
independent schools headquartered in New York. From January 2013 through November 
2014,  he  was  the  Senior  Vice  President  of  International  Consumer  Products  and 
Marketing  of  the  American  Express  Company,  providing  strategic  marketing  leadership 
for  the  company’s  consumer  card-issuing  and  network  businesses  in  over  160  countries 
worldwide,  with  a  focus  on  product  line  strategy,  benefit  sourcing  and  management, 
product innovation, brand management, communications and advertising. Previously, he 
held several senior marketing roles within American Express, including serving as Chief 
Marketing Officer of Global Network Services from 2011 to January 2013, Senior Vice 
President of Global Brand Management from 2005 to 2011, Vice President of Marketing 
for the Travelers Cheque and Prepaid Services Group from 2002 to 2004, Vice President 
and  General  Manager  of  Lending  for  the  Small  Business  Division  in  2001  and  Vice 
President of Acquisition and Advertising for Small Business Services from 1999 to 2001. 
From 1994 to 1999, he held several positions overseas in the Consumer Services Group of 
American  Express,  including  Vice  President  of  International  Product  Development, 
European  Head  of  Revolving  Credit  and  Lending  and  Senior  Director  of  European 
Product Development. Mr. Vaughn joined American Express in 1992, acting as Director 
of Marketing for the Consumer Financial Services Group.

Skills and Qualifications: 

• Leadership and International experience—former senior global marketing

positions and senior business leader in multiple business lines at a global, public
financial services company (American Express); executive of global school
network (Avenues)

• Marketing and Finance experience—principal of privately-held global brand

strategy and marketing company (Vaughn Advisory Group); former senior global
marketing positions and senior business leader in multiple business lines with
operational marketing and profit/loss responsibility at a global, public financial
services company (American Express); former senior executive of a global private
school network (Avenues)

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF EACH OF THE
NOMINEES NAMED ABOVE.

14

 
 
The Company’s executive officers, as well as additional information with respect to such persons, are set forth below:

MANAGEMENT

Name
Robert A. Katz
Michael Z. Barkin
Kirsten A. Lynch
James C. O’Donnell
David T. Shapiro
Gregory J. Sullivan

Position

Age
54 Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer
43 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
53 Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer
51
51 Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
50

Senior Vice President, Retail & Hospitality

President - Mountain Division

For biographical information about Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch, see “Director Nominees” above.

          Michael  Z.  Barkin  has  served  as  Executive  Vice  President  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  since  April  2013.  Mr.  Barkin 
previously  served  as  Vice  President  of  Strategy  and  Development  since  July  2012.  Prior  to  joining  the  Company,  he  was  a 
principal at KRG Capital Partners (“KRG”), a private equity investment firm, where he was a member of the investment team 
since 2006. At KRG, Mr. Barkin was responsible for managing new acquisitions and had portfolio company oversight across 
multiple sectors. Prior to KRG, he worked at Bain Capital Partners, a private equity investment firm, and Bain & Company, a 
strategy  and  consulting  firm.    Mr.  Barkin  currently  serves  on  the  board  of  directors,  compensation  committee,  and  as  audit 
committee  chair  of  Clear  Secure,  Inc.,  the  secure  biometrics  identity  company,  and  serves  on  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
National Forest Foundation and the Museum of Contemporary Art in Denver.

James  C.  O’Donnell  was  appointed  President  of  the  Mountain  Division  in  June  2021,  leading  the  mountain  operations 
across  all  resorts,  as  well  as  overseeing  the  real  estate  business.  Mr.  O’Donnell  joined  Vail  Resorts  in  2002  and  has  held 
numerous  leadership  positions  including  Senior  Vice  President  of  Lodging  and  Real  Estate,  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  Vail 
Resorts Hospitality and Chief Financial Officer for the Hospitality Division before he was appointed Executive Vice President 
of  Hospitality,  Retail  and  Real  Estate  in  2016.  Prior  to  2002,  Mr.  O’Donnell  specialized  in  the  hospitality  and  real  estate 
industries as an Assurance and Business Advisory Services Manager at Arthur Andersen.

 David T. Shapiro has served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since July 2015. Prior to joining 
the Company, Mr. Shapiro served as General Counsel and Senior Vice President for DaVita Kidney Care, a division of DaVita 
Inc., overseeing all aspects of the division’s legal work. Mr. Shapiro joined DaVita in 2008, serving as Senior Vice President 
and Chief Special Counsel from 2012 to 2013 and as Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer from 2008 to 2012. 
From 2003 to 2007, he served as a trial attorney for the U.S. Department of Justice’s Civil Frauds Section in Washington, D.C. 
and,  prior  to  that,  in  private  practice  at  law  firms  in  Connecticut,  Philadelphia  and  Washington,  D.C.  Mr.  Shapiro  currently 
serves as a member of the board of directors of the Denver Metro Chamber of Commerce, and board of trustees for Colorado 
Academy. He has previously served on other private and non-profit boards, including the Children's Hospital Colorado and the 
Denver Public School Foundation.

Gregory J. Sullivan was appointed Senior Vice President of Retail and Hospitality in June 2021 after joining the Company 
in September 2016 as Chief Operating Officer of Rental and Retail. Prior to joining Vail Resorts, Mr. Sullivan was the Senior 
Vice President of Global Business Transformation at Crocs, Inc. and before that he held numerous roles in a 20-year career with 
Walmart, culminating as a Division President, overseeing the Southeast Division based in Atlanta. Mr. Sullivan has previously 
served  on  the  board  of  directors  for  SOS  Outreach  and  as  a  council  member  of  Executive  Leadership  Development  for  the 
American Diabetes Association.

15

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF DIRECTORS AND
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Set forth in the following table is the beneficial ownership of common stock at the close of business on October 12, 2021 

for all directors, nominees, named executive officers and all directors and named executive officers as a group as of such date.

 Name of Beneficial Owner
Susan L. Decker
Nadia Rawlinson
John T. Redmond
Michele Romanow
Hilary A. Schneider
D. Bruce Sewell
John F. Sorte
Peter A. Vaughn
Robert A. Katz
Michael Z. Barkin
Patricia A. Campbell
Kirsten A. Lynch

James C. O’Donnell

David T. Shapiro
Directors and current executive officers as a 
group (14 persons)

Common Stock 
Beneficially Owned

Shares  

Percent of Class(1)  

5,483
1,660
19,872
4,353
20,694
18,173
45,912
6,922
483,267(2)
31,478(3)
19,116(4)
45,613(5)

10,758(6)

8,024(7)

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
 1.2 %
*
*
*

*

*

706,799(8)

 1.7 %

* Less than 1.0%.

(1) Applicable percentages are based on 40,449,022 shares outstanding on October 12, 2021, adjusted as required by rules promulgated by the SEC.
Unless  indicated  by  footnote,  the  address  for  each  listed  director  and  executive  officer  is  c/o  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  390  Interlocken  Crescent, 
Broomfield,  Colorado  80021.  Beneficial  ownership  is  determined  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the  SEC  and  generally  includes  voting  or
investment power with respect to securities. Except as indicated by footnote, the person named in the table has sole voting and investment power 
with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially owned by them. 

The number of shares of common stock outstanding used in calculating the percentage for each listed person includes the restricted share units, or
RSUs, and common stock underlying share appreciation rights, or SARs, held by that person that are currently exercisable or are exercisable within
60 days of October 12, 2021, but excludes RSUs and our common stock underlying SARs held by any other person.

Includes 243,166 shares of common stock underlying 407,832 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common
stock on October 12, 2021).

Includes 13,154 shares of common stock underlying 42,008 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common stock
on October 12, 2021).

Includes 9,616 shares of common stock underlying 34,979 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common stock
on October 12, 2021).

Includes 22,545 shares of common stock underlying 55,606 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common stock
on October 12, 2021).

Includes 3,496 shares of common stock underlying 12,696 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common stock 
on October 12, 2021).

Includes 5,060 shares of common stock underlying 18,329 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common stock 
on October 12, 2021).

Includes 291,346 shares of common stock underlying 547,459 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $339.37, the closing price of our common
stock on October 12, 2021).

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

16

INFORMATION AS TO CERTAIN STOCKHOLDERS

Set forth below is certain information with respect to the only persons known to the Company to be the beneficial owners 

of more than five percent of the Company’s voting securities at the close of business on October 12, 2021.

Name of Beneficial Owner
T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (2)
Ronald Baron/Baron Capital Management, Inc. (3)
The Vanguard Group, Inc. (4)
BlackRock Inc. (5)
APG Asset Management US Inc. (6)

Common Stock 
Beneficially Owned

Shares

Percent of Class (1)

4,918,520 

4,421,823 

3,538,135 

2,557,247 

2,196,750 

 12.2 %

 10.9 %

 8.7 %

 6.3 %

 5.4 %

(1) Applicable percentages are based on 40,449,022 shares outstanding on October 12, 2021.

(2) As  reported  by  T.  Rowe  Price  Associates,  Inc.  and  T.  Rowe  Price  New  Horizons  Fund,  Inc.,  on  a  joint  Schedule  13G/A  filed  with  the  SEC  on

February 16, 2021.  The address for the holder is 100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202.

(3) As  reported  by  Baron  Capital  Group,  Inc.  (“BCG”),  BAMCO  Inc.  (“BAMCO”),  Baron  Capital  Management  Inc.  (“BCM”),  Baron  Growth  Fund 
(“BGF”) and Ronald Baron and on a joint Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 12, 2021.  BAMCO and BCM are subsidiaries of BCG. 
BGF is an advisory client of BAMCO.  Ronald Baron owns a controlling interest in BCG.  The address for the holders is 767 Fifth Avenue, 49th 
Floor, New York, NY 10153.

(4) As reported by The Vanguard Group on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 8, 2021. The address for the holder is 100 Vanguard

Blvd, Malvern, PA 19355.

(5) As reported by BlackRock Inc. on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 4, 2021.  The address for the holder is 55 East 52nd Street,

New York, NY 10055.

(6) As  reported  by  APG  Asset  Management  US  Inc.  (“APG  US”)  on  a  Schedule  13G/A  filed  with  the  SEC  on  January  15,  2021.  APG  Asset 
Management, N.V. (“APG NL”) is wholly-owned by APG Groep, N.V. (“APG Groep”) and is the investment manager with respect to the securities
to which this statement relates. Pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement, APG NL has delegated its investment and voting power with 
respect to such securities to APG US, which is its wholly-owned subsidiary. Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP is the majority owner of APG Groep. The 
address for the holder is 666 3rd Ave, New York, NY 10017.

17

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES

The Board acts as the ultimate decision-making body of the Company, except for those matters reserved to or shared with 
the Company’s stockholders. The Board selects, advises and oversees our management, who are responsible for the day-to-day 
operations and administration of the Company. The Board has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines which, along with the 
charters of each of the committees of the Board and the Company’s Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, which we refer to as 
the Code of Ethics, provide the framework for the governance of the Company. A complete copy of the Company’s Corporate 
Governance Guidelines, the charters of the Board committees and the Code of Ethics for directors, officers and employees may 
be found in the “Governance” section of the Company’s website at investors.vailresorts.com. Copies of these materials are also 
available in print, without charge upon written request to: Secretary, Vail Resorts, Inc., 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, 
Colorado 80021.

BOARD LEADERSHIP AND LEAD INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR

Currently, the positions of Chairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company are held by the same 
person, Mr. Katz, however, effective November 1, 2021, Mr. Katz will become the Executive Chairperson of the Board, while 
Ms. Lynch will become Chief Executive Officer and a non-independent director. When the Chairperson of the Board is a non-
independent director, the independent directors elect an independent director to serve in a lead capacity. Mr. Katz will serve as 
Executive Chairperson of the Board and Mr. Sewell serves as our Lead Independent Director, or Lead Director. 

The  Board  believes  that  two  leaders  serving  as  Executive  Chairperson  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  together  with  an 
experienced and engaged Lead Director, is the most appropriate leadership structure for the Board at this time. This structure 
results in two leaders being directly accountable to the Board and, through the Board, to stockholders. Specific duties of the 
Executive Chairperson and the Leader Director are:

EXECUTIVE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD
• Advising and supporting the CEO and other

executives on long-term strategy and key strategic
decisions;
Providing regular feedback to the CEO on their
performance;
Engaging in select, key strategic projects, and
initiatives;
Setting the agenda for Board meetings with the
Lead Director and the CEO;

•

•

•

• Having the authority to call special meetings of
the Board and such other duties assigned to the
Chairperson under the Company’s Bylaws;
Serving as a liaison between the Board and Senior
Management;

•

• Monitor the content, quality and timeliness of

information sent to the Board;

• Acting as a source of institutional knowledge; and
•
Being available to the Board and the CEO for
additional responsibilities as may be needed.

LEAD DIRECTOR

•

Presiding over meetings of the Board at which the
Executive Chairperson is not present, including
executive sessions of independent directors;
• Having the authority to call meetings of the

•

•

independent directors;
Serving as the presiding director for purposes of
all rights and duties assigned to the presiding
director under the Company’s Bylaws, including
the right to call special meetings of the Board;
Serving as principal liaison on Board-wide issues
between the independent directors and the
Executive Chairperson;

• Approving meeting agendas and meeting

•

•

schedules for the Board;
Serving as the point of contact for communications
from stockholders or other interested parties
directed to the Lead Director or the non-
management directors or the Board as a group; and
Such other duties as set forth in the Charter of the
Lead Independent Director (attached as Appendix
A to the Corporate Governance Guidelines).

MEETINGS OF THE BOARD

The Board held a total of five meetings during fiscal 2021. Each of our then-serving directors attended at least 75% of the 
meetings held by the Board and Board committees on which he or she served during the fiscal year. In accordance with our 

18

Corporate Governance Guidelines, directors are invited and encouraged to attend our annual meeting of stockholders. All of our 
then-serving directors attended our 2020 annual meeting of stockholders, except for Ms. Romanow due to a conflict.

EXECUTIVE SESSIONS

The  non-management  directors’  practice  is  to  meet  in  executive  session  following  the  conclusion  of  each  regularly 
scheduled  quarterly  Board  meeting  to  discuss  such  matters  as  they  deem  appropriate  and,  at  least  once  a  year,  to  review  the 
Compensation  Committee’s  annual  review  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer,  and  starting  with  fiscal  2022,  for  the  Executive 
Chairperson.  These  executive  sessions  are  chaired  by  the  Lead  Director.  Interested  parties,  including  our  stockholders,  may 
communicate  with  the  Lead  Director  and  the  non-management  directors  by  following  the  procedures  under  the  heading 
“Communications with the Board” below.

DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS

The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  considers  and  recommends  candidates  for  election  to  the  Board.  The 
Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  also  considers  candidates  for  election  to  the  Board,  if  any,  that  are  submitted  by 
stockholders. Each member of the Nominating & Governance Committee participates in the review and discussion of director 
candidates. In addition, members of the Board who are not on the Nominating & Governance Committee may meet with and 
evaluate  the  suitability  of  candidates.  In  making  its  selections  of  candidates  to  recommend  for  election,  the  Nominating  & 
Governance Committee seeks persons who have achieved prominence in their field and who possess significant experience in 
areas of importance to the Company. The minimum qualifications that the Nominating & Governance Committee believes must 
be met for a candidate to be nominated include independence, wisdom, integrity, understanding and general acceptance of the 
Company’s corporate philosophy, business or professional knowledge and experience that can bear on the Company’s and the 
Board’s  challenges  and  deliberations,  proven  record  of  accomplishment  with  excellent  organizations,  inquiring  mind, 
willingness to speak one’s mind, ability to challenge and stimulate management, future orientation, willingness to commit time 
and  energy,  diversity  and  international/global  experience.    In  general,  directors  are  expected  to  retire  from  the  Board  at  the 
conclusion  of  the  term  in  which  they  reach  age  72,  unless  otherwise  recommended  for  nomination  by  the  Nominating  & 
Governance Committee, which the Nominating & Governance Committee determined to do with respect to Mr. Sorte, who has 
attained  the  age  of  74,  particularly  in  light  of  his  knowledge  of  and  experience  with  the  Company  as  well  as  his  financial 
acumen.

Stockholders who wish to submit candidates for consideration by the Nominating & Governance Committee for election 
at an annual or special meeting of stockholders should submit the candidate’s name and qualifications, including the candidate’s 
consent  to  serve  as  a  director  of  the  Company  if  nominated  by  the  Committee  and  so  elected,  by  mail  to:  Secretary,  Vail 
Resorts, Inc., 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, Colorado 80021. The Nominating & Governance Committee applies the 
same standards in considering candidates submitted by stockholders as it does in evaluating candidates submitted by members 
of the Board. The Nominating & Governance Committee recommended the nominees for election at this year’s annual meeting, 
all of whom, except for Ms. Lynch, are currently serving as directors.  Ms. Lynch was recommended to be a director of the 
Company by the Nominating and Governance Committee and was appointed by the Board to be a director, effective November 
1, 2021, in connection with her appointment as Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

DETERMINATIONS REGARDING INDEPENDENCE

Under the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, a majority of the Board must be comprised of directors who are 
independent, as determined based on the independence standards of the NYSE’s Listed Company Manual. In accordance with 
our Corporate Governance Guidelines and the NYSE’s listing standards, the Board has adopted categorical standards of director 
independence to assist it in making determinations of independence of Board members. These categorical standards of director 
independence  are  available  in  the  “Governance”  section  of  the  Company’s  website  under  “Governance  Documents”  at 
investors.vailresorts.com.  The  Board  has  affirmatively  determined  that  each  of  the  nominees,  other  than  Mr.  Katz  and  Ms. 
Lynch, is “independent” under the NYSE’s listing standards and the categorical standards of director independence adopted by 
the Board.

COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD

The Board has adopted a formal process by which interested parties, including our stockholders, may communicate with 
the Board, the Lead Director or the non-management directors as a group. This information is available in the “Governance” 
section  of  the  Company’s  website  under  “Governance  Documents”  at  investors.vailresorts.com.    Information  on  our  website 
does not constitute part of this document.

19

CODE OF ETHICS AND BUSINESS CONDUCT

The  Company  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Ethics  that  applies  to  all  directors,  officers  and  employees,  including  its  chief 
executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer and controller, or persons performing similar functions. We 
make  the  Code  of  Ethics  available  to  all  directors,  officers  and  employees  and  convey  our  expectation  that  every  director, 
officer  and  employee  read  and  understand  the  Code  of  Ethics  and  its  application  to  the  performance  of  each  such  person’s 
business  responsibilities.  To  assist  in  identifying  such  proposed  transactions  as  they  may  arise,  our  Code  of  Ethics  uses  a 
principles-based guideline to alert directors, officers and employees to potential conflicts of interest. Under the Code of Ethics, 
a conflict of interest occurs when an individual’s personal, social, financial or political interests conflict with his or her loyalty 
to the Company. Our policy under the Code of Ethics provides that even the appearance of a conflict of interest where none 
actually  exists  can  be  damaging  and  should  be  avoided.  If  any  person  believes  a  conflict  of  interest  is  present  in  a  personal 
activity,  financial  transaction  or  business  dealing  involving  the  Company,  then  that  person  is  instructed  under  the  Code  of 
Ethics to report such belief to an appropriate individual or department as identified in the Code of Ethics.

The Code of Ethics is available in the “Governance” section of the Company’s website under “Governance Documents” 
at investors.vailresorts.com, or in print, without charge, to any stockholder who sends a request to: Secretary, Vail Resorts, Inc., 
390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, Colorado 80021. In the event the Company amends or waives any of the provisions of 
the Code of Ethics applicable to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer or chief accounting officer and controller that 
relates to any element of the definition of “code of ethics” enumerated in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K under the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended,  (the  “Exchange  Act”),  the  Company  intends  to  disclose  these  actions  on  its  website. 
Information on our website does not constitute part of this document.

RISK MANAGEMENT

The Board believes that oversight of the Company’s overall risk management program is the responsibility of the entire 
Board  and  views  risk  management  as  an  important  part  of  the  Company’s  overall  strategic  planning  process.  The  Board  has 
delegated  the  regular  oversight  of  the  elements  of  the  risk  management  program  to  the  Audit  Committee,  and  the  Board 
receives  periodic  updates  on  individual  areas  of  risk  from  the  Audit  Committee  or  members  of  senior  management,  as 
appropriate. The Board also periodically schedules a risk management agenda item for regular Board meetings, during which 
the  Audit  Committee  or  members  of  senior  management  reports  to  and  informs  the  Board  of  its  risk  management  oversight 
activities.  Senior  management  reports  directly  to  the  Audit  Committee  at  each  scheduled  Audit  Committee  meeting  and 
additionally  as  needed  on  the  status  of  the  Company’s  risk  management  program.    Specifically,  cybersecurity  has  been 
identified  as  a  critical  part  of  risk  management  at  the  Company.  The  Company  has  a  dedicated  team  who  is  responsible  for 
leading  enterprise-wide  information  security  strategy,  policy,  standards,  architecture,  and  processes.  Cybersecurity  oversight 
consists  of  the  Audit  Committee  receiving  quarterly  updates  from  the  Chief  Information  Officer  regarding  major  cyber  risks 
areas and recommended actions to address those risks.

The  Audit  Committee  has  established  an  internal  audit  function  to  provide  management  and  the  Board  with  ongoing 
assessments  of  the  Company’s  risk  management  processes  and  systems  of  internal  control.  In  addition,  as  part  of  its 
responsibilities, the Audit Committee inquires of management and our independent auditors about the Company’s processes for 
identifying and assessing such risks and exposures and the steps management has taken to minimize such risks and exposures to 
the  Company.  The  Audit  Committee  also  reviews  the  Company’s  guidelines  and  policies  that  govern  the  processes  for 
identifying and assessing significant risks or exposures and for formulating and implementing steps to minimize such risks and 
exposures to the Company. 

SUSTAINABILITY EFFORTS

The  Company’s  resorts  operate  in  some  of  the  world’s  greatest  natural  environments,  and  accordingly  environmental 
stewardship is a core philosophy for the Company. In 2017, the Company launched its Commitment to Zero, a pledge to have a 
zero net operating footprint by 2030. This commitment includes achieving (i) zero net emissions by finding operational energy 
efficiencies,  investing  in  renewable  energy  and  investing  in  offsets  and  other  emissions  reduction  projects,  (ii)  zero  waste  to 
landfills  by  diverting  100  percent  of  waste  from  the  Company’s  operations  and  (iii)  zero  net  operating  impact  to  forests  and 
habitat  by  restoring  an  acre  of  forest  for  every  acre  displaced  by  the  Company’s  operations.  Performance  against  these 
objectives and targets is routinely monitored, and details on the Company’s performance against these goals can be found in our 
EpicPromise  Progress  Report  at  epicpromise.com/environment/commitment-to-zero/.    Information  on  this  website  does  not 
constitute part of this document.

COMPENSATION RISK ASSESSMENT

The  Compensation  Committee,  with  the  assistance  of  our  independent  compensation  consultant,  reviewed  the  material 
compensation policies and practices for all employees, including executive officers. The Compensation Committee considered 

20

whether  the  compensation  program  encouraged  excessive  risk  taking  by  employees  at  the  expense  of  long-term  Company 
value.  Based  upon  its  assessment,  the  Compensation  Committee  believes  that  the  Company’s  compensation  program,  which 
includes a mix of annual and long-term incentives, cash and equity awards and retention incentives, does not present risks that 
are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company.

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD

The  Board  has  a  standing  Audit  Committee,  Compensation  Committee,  Executive  Committee  and  Nominating  & 
Governance Committee. The charters for each of these committees, which have been approved by the Board, are available in 
the  “Governance”  section  of  the  Company’s  website  under  “Committee  Charters”  at  investors.vailresorts.com,  or  in  print, 
without charge, to any stockholder who sends a request to: Secretary, Vail Resorts, Inc., 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, 
Colorado 80021. Following is a description of each committee of the Board. Each of the committees has authority to engage 
legal  counsel  or  other  experts  or  consultants,  as  it  deems  appropriate  to  carry  out  its  responsibilities.    Information  on  our 
website does not constitute part of this document.

21

The Audit Committee

The  Audit  Committee  is  primarily  concerned  with  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm, accounting policies and practices, financial reporting and internal controls. The Audit Committee acts pursuant 
to its charter, and is authorized and directed, among other things, to: (1) appoint, retain, compensate, evaluate and terminate, as 
appropriate, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm; (2) approve all audit engagement fees and terms, as 
well as all permissible non-audit service engagements with the independent registered public accounting firm; (3) discuss with 
management and the independent registered public accounting firm and meet to review the Company’s annual audited financial 
statements  and  quarterly  financial  statements,  including  reviewing  the  Company’s  disclosures  under  “Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s annual and quarterly reports filed 
with  the  SEC;  (4)  review  reports  by  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  describing  its  internal  quality  control 
procedures and all relationships between the Company, or individuals in financial reporting oversight roles at the Company, and 
the independent registered public accounting firm; (5) establish procedures, as required under applicable law, for the receipt, 
retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing 
matters  and  the  confidential  and  anonymous  submission  by  employees  of  concerns  regarding  questionable  accounting  or 
auditing matters; (6) monitor the rotation of partners of the independent auditors on the Company’s audit engagement team as 
required by law; (7) review and approve or reject transactions between the Company and any related persons in accordance with 
the  Company’s  Related  Party  Transactions  Policy;  (8)  confer  with  management  and  the  independent  auditors  regarding  the 
effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting;  (9)  oversee  management’s  efforts  to  monitor  compliance  with  the 
Company’s programs and policies designed to ensure adherence to applicable laws and regulations and the Company’s Code of 
Ethics;  (10)  annually  prepare  a  report  as  required  by  the  SEC  to  be  included  in  the  Company’s  annual  proxy  statement;  and 
(11) discuss policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management.

The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Sorte, Chair, and Messrs. Redmond, Sewell and Vaughn. The Board has
determined that each of Messrs. Redmond, Sorte, and Sewell qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in the 
SEC’s  rules  and  regulations  adopted  pursuant  to  the  Exchange  Act,  and  that  all  of  the  members  of  the  Audit  Committee  are 
“independent” as defined by the NYSE’s listing standards and the rules of the SEC applicable to audit committee members. The 
Audit Committee held four meetings during fiscal 2021.

22

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

Management  is  responsible  for  the  Company’s  accounting  practices,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  the 
financial  reporting  process  and  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  Company’s  independent  registered 
public accounting firm is responsible for performing an independent audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements 
in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or the PCAOB. The Audit Committee’s 
responsibility is to monitor and oversee these processes.

In  this  context,  the  Audit  Committee  has  met  and  held  discussions  with  management  and  the  Company’s  independent 
registered public accounting firm. Management represented to the Audit Committee that the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. 
The  Audit  Committee  reviewed  and  discussed  the  consolidated  financial  statements  with  management  and  the  Company’s 
independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  including  a  discussion  of  the  quality  of  the  accounting  principles,  the 
reasonableness of significant judgments, the clarity of disclosures in the financial statements and management’s assessment of 
the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Audit Committee further discussed with the 
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm the matters required to be discussed under the rules adopted by the 
PCAOB,  as  well  as  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm’s  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

The  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  also  provided  to  the  Audit  Committee  the  written 
disclosures  and  letter  required  by  applicable  requirements  of  the  PCAOB  regarding  the  independent  accountants’ 
communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and the Audit Committee discussed with the Company’s 
independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  and  were  satisfied  with,  that  firm’s  independence  from  the  Company  and  its 
management.  The  Audit  Committee  has  also  considered  whether  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting 
firm’s provision of non-audit services to the Company is compatible with the auditors’ independence.

The Audit Committee discussed with the Company’s internal auditor and independent registered public accounting firm 
the overall scope and plans for their respective audits. The Audit Committee meets with the Company’s independent registered 
public accounting firm, with and without management present, to discuss the results of their examination, their evaluation of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting and the overall quality of the Company’s financial reporting. In addition, 
the  Audit  Committee  meets  with  the  internal  auditor,  with  and  without  management  present,  to  discuss  the  results  of  their 
examination and evaluation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Audit Committee has also reviewed 
and discussed Company policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management.

Based  upon  the  Audit  Committee’s  discussion  with  management  and  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public 
accounting  firm  referred  to  above,  the  Audit  Committee  recommended  to  the  Board  that  the  Company’s  audited  financial 
statements as of and for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 
fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 for filing with the SEC.

Audit Committee
John F. Sorte, Chair
John T. Redmond
D. Bruce Sewell
Peter A. Vaughn

23

 The Compensation Committee

The  Compensation  Committee  acts  pursuant  to  its  charter  and  is  authorized  and  directed,  among  other  things,  to: 
(1) review  and  approve  corporate  goals  and  objectives  relevant  to  the  Chief  Executive  Officer’s  compensation,  evaluate  the
Chief  Executive  Officer’s  performance  in  light  of  those  goals  and  objectives  (including  the  Chief  Executive  Officer’s
performance in fostering a culture of ethics and integrity), and, either as a committee or together with the other independent
directors  (as  directed  by  the  Board),  determine  and  approve  the  Chief  Executive  Officer’s  compensation  level  based  on  this
evaluation; (2) review the performance of, make recommendations (where appropriate) with respect to, and approve the total
compensation for the executive officers of the Company other than the CEO, including any amendments to such executive’s
employment agreement, any proposed severance arrangements or change in control and similar agreements/provisions, and any
amendments, supplements or waivers to the foregoing agreements; (3) oversee the Company’s overall compensation structure,
policies and programs for executive officers and employees, including assessing the incentives and risks arising from or related
to the Company’s compensation programs and plans, and assessing whether the incentives and risks are appropriate; (4) review
and approve the Company’s incentive compensation and equity-based plans and approve changes to such plans, in each case
subject,  where  appropriate,  to  stockholder  or  Board  approval,  and  review  and  approve  issuances  of  equity  securities  to
employees  of  the  Company;  (5)  review  and  recommend  to  the  Board  annual  retainer  and  meeting  fees  for  non-employee
members of the Board and committees of the Board, fix the terms and awards of stock compensation for such members of the
Board and determine the terms, if any, upon which such fees may be deferred; (6) produce a compensation committee report on
executive  officer  compensation  as  required  by  the  SEC,  after  the  committee  reviews  and  discusses  with  management  the
Company’s Compensation Discussion and Analysis, or “CD&A,” and consider whether to recommend that it be included in the
Company’s proxy statement or Annual Report; and (7) consider and recommend to the Board the frequency of the Company’s
advisory vote on executive compensation.

The members of the Compensation Committee are Ms. Decker, Chair, Mmes. Rawlinson, Romanow and Schneider and 
Mr. Sorte. The Board has determined that all members of the Compensation Committee are “independent” as defined by the 
NYSE’s listing standards. In addition, the Compensation Committee consists of “non-employee directors,” within the meaning 
of  Rule  16b-3  promulgated  under  the  Exchange  Act  and  “outside  directors,”  within  the  meaning  of  regulations  promulgated 
under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. The Compensation 
Committee held five meetings during fiscal 2021.

 Compensation Committee Processes and Procedures

The Compensation Committee meets as often as necessary to carry out its responsibilities. The agenda for each meeting is 
usually developed by the Chair of the Compensation Committee, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief 
Executive  Officer  does  not  participate  in  and  is  not  present  during  any  deliberations  or  determinations  of  the  Compensation 
Committee  regarding  his  compensation  or  individual  performance  objectives.  The  charter  of  the  Compensation  Committee 
grants  the  Compensation  Committee  sole  authority,  at  the  expense  of  the  Company,  to  retain  or  to  obtain  advice  from  a 
compensation  consultant,  legal  counsel  or  other  adviser  to  assist  in  the  execution  of  the  Compensation  Committee’s 
responsibilities. The Compensation Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the 
work of any consultant or adviser retained and has authority to approve the fees and other retention terms. The Compensation 
Committee  expects  that  it  will  seek  advice  from  independent  compensation  consultants  as  it  deems  necessary  on  a  periodic 
basis, but not necessarily annually, in order to determine that the Company’s compensation programs remain appropriate and 
consistent  with  industry  practices.  Prior  to  the  retention  of  any  compensation  consultant,  legal  counsel  or  any  other  external 
adviser,  the  Compensation  Committee  will  assess  the  independence  of  such  adviser  from  management,  taking  into 
consideration all factors relevant to such adviser’s independence, including factors specified in the NYSE listing standards.

During  fiscal  2021,  the  Compensation  Committee  engaged  Aon  plc.,  a  multinational,  multi-services  insurance  and 
consulting firm, which we refer to as Aon, as its independent compensation consultant. Aon was retained by the Compensation 
Committee to review the Company’s executive compensation programs, including an analysis relating to the compensation of 
our Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s performance and a risk assessment of our compensation programs.  

In fiscal 2021, Aon was paid $56,000 for these executive compensation consulting services provided to the Compensation 
Committee. During fiscal 2021, Aon and its affiliates provided insurance services and a pharmacy coalition membership. The 
decision  to  engage  Aon  and  its  affiliates  for  these  additional  services  was  made  by  management  as  part  of  the  Company’s 
existing  relationship  with  Aon  concerning  these  services,  and  was  not  approved,  or  required  to  be  approved,  by  the 
Compensation  Committee  or  the  Board.  Fees  for  the  foregoing  additional  services  in  fiscal  2021  were  $460,000.  The 
individuals  at  Aon  that  advise  the  Compensation  Committee  on  executive  compensation  matters  have  no  involvement  in  the 
other  services  provided  to  the  Company  by  Aon  and  its  affiliates,  and  the  individuals  at  Aon  advising  the  Compensation 
Committee report directly to, and are overseen by, the Compensation Committee. These individuals have no other relationship 

24

with  the  Company  or  management.  The  Compensation  Committee  has  assessed  the  independence  of  Aon  as  required  by  the 
NYSE listing standards. The Compensation Committee reviewed its relationship with Aon and considered all relevant factors, 
and concluded that there are no conflicts of interest raised by the work performed by Aon and its affiliates.

Under its charter, the Compensation Committee may form, and delegate authority to, subcommittees, as appropriate, and 
the  Chief  Executive  Officer  has  been  granted  authority  to  grant  certain  equity  based  awards  for  hiring  incentive  grants, 
correction  grants  or  to  promoted  non-executive  employees.  The  purpose  of  this  delegation  of  authority  is  to  enhance  the 
flexibility of equity administration within the Company and to facilitate the timely grant of equity awards to new or recently 
promoted  non-executive  employees  within  specified  limits  approved  by  the  Compensation  Committee.  The  Chief  Executive 
Officer’s authority to make new hire incentive grants is limited by the restrictions established by the Compensation Committee.

Historically, the Compensation Committee has made adjustments to annual compensation, determined annual cash and 
equity awards, and established new performance objectives at one or more meetings held during the first quarter of the fiscal 
year. However, the Compensation Committee also considers matters related to individual compensation, such as compensation 
for  new  executive  hires,  at  various  times  as  needed  throughout  the  year.  Generally,  the  Compensation  Committee’s  process 
comprises two related elements: the determination of compensation levels and the establishment of performance objectives for 
the  fiscal  year.  For  executives  other  than  the  Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  Compensation  Committee  solicits  and  considers 
evaluations and recommendations submitted to the committee by the Chief Executive Officer. The Compensation Committee 
makes  all  final  determinations  regarding  these  awards,  and  none  of  our  executive  officers,  including  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer, are involved in the determination of their own compensation. In the case of the Chief Executive Officer, the evaluation 
of his performance is conducted by the Compensation Committee, which determines any adjustments to his compensation as 
well  as  awards  to  be  granted.  The  non-management  directors’  practice  is  to  meet  in  executive  session  following  the  Board 
meeting in September of each year to review and ratify the Compensation Committee’s annual review of the Chief Executive 
Officer. For all executives and directors, as part of its deliberations, the Compensation Committee may review and consider, as 
appropriate, materials such as financial reports and projections, operational data, tax and accounting information, tally sheets 
that set forth the total compensation that may become payable to executives in various hypothetical scenarios, executive and 
director  stock  ownership  information,  company  stock  performance  data,  analyses  of  historical  executive  compensation  levels 
and  current  Company-wide  compensation  levels,  and  recommendations  of  the  Compensation  Committee’s  compensation 
consultant, including analyses of executive and director compensation paid at other companies identified by the consultant.

The specific determinations of the Compensation Committee with respect to executive compensation for fiscal 2021 are 
described in greater detail in the Compensation Discussion & Analysis section of this proxy statement, as well as the narrative 
disclosure that accompanies the Summary Compensation Table and related tables in the Executive Compensation section of this 
proxy statement.

 Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

During fiscal 2021, no Compensation Committee interlocks existed between the Company and any other entity, meaning 
none  of  our  executive  officers  currently  serves,  or  has  served  during  the  last  completed  fiscal  year,  on  the  compensation 
committee or board of directors of any other entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our Board or 
Compensation Committee. No member of our Compensation Committee has ever been an executive officer or employee of the 
Company.

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis 
contained in this Proxy Statement. Based upon this review and discussion, the Compensation Committee has recommended to 
the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement and incorporated into our Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021.

Compensation Committee
Susan L. Decker, Chair
Nadia Rawlinson
Michele Romanow 
Hilary A. Schneider
John F. Sorte

25

 The Nominating & Governance Committee

The Nominating & Governance Committee acts pursuant to its charter and is authorized and directed to: (1) review the 
overall composition of the Board; (2) actively seek individuals qualified to become Board members for recommendation to the 
Board; (3) identify and recommend to the Board director nominees for the next annual meeting of stockholders and members of 
the  Board  to  serve  on  the  various  committees  of  the  Board;  (4)  oversee  the  evaluation  of  the  performance  of  the  Board  and 
oversee  the  annual  self-evaluation  process  of  the  Board  and  each  committee;  (5)  review  and  reassess  the  adequacy  of  the 
Corporate Governance Guidelines of the Company and recommend any proposed changes to the Board for approval; (6) review 
and  present  to  the  Board  individual  director  candidates  recommended  for  the  committee’s  consideration  by  stockholders  and 
stockholder  nominations  for  director  that  are  made  in  writing  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Company  in  compliance  with  the 
Company’s Bylaws; and (7) review and present to the Board stockholder proposals. The Nominating & Governance Committee 
also has the authority to retain and terminate any search firm to be used to identify candidates and to approve the search firm’s 
fees and other retention terms.

The members of the Nominating & Governance Committee are Mr. Sewell, Chair, Ms. Decker and Mr. Sorte. The Board 
has  determined  that  all  members  of  the  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  are  “independent”  as  defined  by  the  NYSE’s 
listing standards. The Nominating & Governance Committee held one meeting during fiscal 2021.

The Executive Committee

The  Executive  Committee  has  all  powers  and  rights  necessary  to  exercise  the  full  authority  of  the  Board  during  the 
intervals  between  meetings  of  the  Board  in  the  management  of  the  business  and  affairs  of  the  Company,  subject  to  certain 
limitations set forth in the charter of the Executive Committee. For fiscal 2021, the members of the Executive Committee were 
Messrs.  Katz,  Sewell  and  Sorte.  The  Executive  Committee  held  multiple  discussions,  but  no  formal  meetings  during  fiscal 
2021.  Effective November 1, 2021, upon being appointed Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company, Ms. Lynch 
will also become a member of the Executive Committee. 

26

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION FOR FISCAL 2021

The following table provides information concerning the compensation of our non-employee directors in fiscal 2021:

Name(1)
Susan L. Decker(5)
Nadia Rawlinson(6)
John T. Redmond(7)
Michele Romanow(8)
Hilary A. Schneider(9)
D. Bruce Sewell(10)
John F. Sorte(11)
Peter A. Vaughn(12)

Fees Earned or 
Paid in Cash 
($)(2)

Stock
Awards
($)(3)

All Other
Compensation
($)(4)

Total
($)  

87,500 
70,833 
75,000 
70,833 
70,833 
129,166 
108,332 
75,000 

207,690 
207,690 
207,690 
207,690 
207,690 
207,690 
207,690 
207,690 

— 
— 
15,647 
— 
21,321 
— 
21,894 
14,223 

295,190 
278,523 
298,337 
278,523 
299,844 
336,856 
337,916 
296,913 

(1)

(2)

Mr.  Katz  is  also  a  named  executive  officer  and  his  compensation  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  is  included  in  the  Summary  Compensation
Table  in  the  “Executive  Compensation”  section  of  this  Proxy  Statement.  Mr.  Katz  does  not  receive  any  additional  compensation  for  his
service on the Board. 

Consists  of  non-employee  director  annual  retainers  and  meeting  fees,  and,  if  applicable,  lead  director  fees,  committee  chair  fees,  and
committee member and meeting fees. Effective April 1, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board of Directors elected to
forgo their cash compensation for a period of six months and accordingly, did not receive cash compensation for the first two months of
fiscal 2021.  Cash compensation paid to each director in fiscal 2021 were as follows:

Board of 
Directors  

Board
Service
($)
62,500 
62,500 
62,500 
62,500 
62,500 
95,833 
62,500 
62,500 

Audit  

Committee
Service
($)  

— 
— 
12,500 
— 
— 
12,500 
20,833 
12,500 

Committees  

Compensation  Nominating &

Committee
Service
($)  
16,667 
8,333 
— 
8,333 
8,333 
— 
8,333 

Governance   Executive  

Committee
Service
($)  

Committee
Service
($)  

8,333 
— 
— 
— 
— 
12,500 
8,333 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
8,333 
8,333 
— 

Total
($)  
87,500 
70,833 
75,000 
70,833 
70,833 
129,166 
108,332 
75,000 

Name 
Susan L. Decker
Nadia Rawlinson
John T. Redmond
Michele Romanow 
Hilary A. Schneider
D. Bruce Sewell
John F. Sorte
Peter A. Vaughn

(3)

The amounts in this column represent the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs granted during fiscal 2021 computed in accordance with
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718.

27

(4)

All other compensation for fiscal 2021 includes the following:

Name
Susan L. Decker
Nadia Rawlinson
John T. Redmond
Michele Romanow
Hilary A. Schneider
D. Bruce Sewell
John F. Sorte
Peter A. Vaughn

Charitable
Donations
($)(a) 

Company-paid Lodging,
Ski School Privileges and
Discretionary Spending on
Goods and Services
($)(b) 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
3,829 
— 

— 
— 
15,647 
— 
21,321 
— 
18,065 
14,223 

Total
($) 

— 
— 
15,647 
— 
21,321 
— 
21,894 
14,223 

(a)

(b)

See below under “Limited Director Perquisites and Personal Benefits” for a description of this program.

Represents  the  amounts  reported  during  fiscal  2021  that  were  used  by  a  director  towards  lodging,  ski  school  privileges  and
discretionary spending on services or goods at our properties for personal use. See below under “Limited Director Perquisites and
Personal Benefits” for a description of this program. In accordance with SEC rules, the value of these benefits is measured on the
basis of the estimated aggregate incremental cost to the Company for providing these benefits, and perquisites and personal benefits 
are not reported for any director for whom such amounts were less than $10,000 in the aggregate for the fiscal year.

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

As of July 31, 2021, Ms. Decker held 922 unvested RSUs.

As of July 31, 2021, Ms. Rawlinson held 922 unvested RSUs.

As of July 31, 2021, Mr. Redmond held and 922 unvested RSUs.

As of July 31, 2021, Ms. Romanow held 922 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2021, Ms. Schneider held 922 unvested RSUs.

As of July 31, 2021, Mr. Sewell held 922 unvested RSUs.

As of July 31, 2021, Mr. Sorte held 922 unvested RSUs.

As of July 31, 2021, Mr. Vaughn held 922 unvested RSUs.

DIRECTOR CASH COMPENSATION

All of our non-employee directors receive annual cash fees, payable in quarterly installments. The annual cash retainer 
for each Board member is $75,000 and no additional per meeting fees are paid.  In addition, the Lead Director of the Board 
receives an additional $40,000 per year and the Chairperson of the Audit Committee receives an additional $25,000 per year. 
Each other Audit Committee member receives an additional $15,000 per year, the Chairperson of the Compensation Committee 
receives an additional $20,000 per year, the Chairperson of the Nominating & Governance Committee receives an additional 
$15,000  per  year,  and  each  other  Compensation  Committee  member  and  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  member 
receives an additional $10,000 each per year. Members of the Executive Committee receive an additional $10,000 per year. A 
non-executive  Chairperson  of  the  Board  would  receive  an  additional  annual  retainer  of  $50,000,  but  our  Chief  Executive 
Officer is currently our Chairperson of the Board and he is not entitled to this retainer.  Effective April 1, 2020, in response to 
the  COVID-19  pandemic,  the  Board  of  Directors  elected  to  forgo  their  cash  compensation  for  a  period  of  six  months,  and 
accordingly, did not receive cash compensation for the first two months of fiscal 2021.

All directors received reimbursement of their reasonable travel expenses in connection with their service.

DIRECTOR EQUITY COMPENSATION

The  Company  provides  its  non-employee  directors  with  equity  compensation  as  determined  each  year  by  the 
Compensation  Committee,  which  for  fiscal  2021,  was  $207,690  for  each  non-employee  director,  consisting  of  922  RSUs 
granted on September 25, 2020 that vested one year from the date of grant. The aggregate grant date fair value of these RSUs is 
set forth under the “Stock Awards” column of the Director Compensation Table and described in footnote 3 above.

28

LIMITED DIRECTOR PERQUISITES AND PERSONAL BENEFITS

Non-employee  directors  receive  benefits  consisting  of  lodging,  ski  school  privileges  and  discretionary  spending  on 
services or goods at our resorts for personal use in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Perquisite Fund Program. Each 
director is entitled to an annual $40,000 allowance to be used at the Company’s resorts in accordance with such program, under 
which directors may draw against the account to pay for services or goods at the market rate. Unused funds in each director’s 
account at the end of each fiscal year are forfeited. In accordance with SEC rules, the value of these benefits is measured on the 
basis  of  the  estimated  aggregate  incremental  cost  to  the  Company.  For  this  purpose,  perquisites  do  not  include  benefits 
generally available on a non-discriminatory basis to all of our employees, such as skiing privileges.

In addition, each year we allow each director to designate one charity as the recipient of a vacation package with a retail 
value of no more than $4,000 and to include only the same array of services that are eligible under the Perquisite Fund Program. 
We also require that the package be given as part of a public event, dinner or auction and that the Company receive appropriate 
credit and marketing presence.

STOCK OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS

Each  non-employee  director  must  own  the  greater  of  five  times  his  or  her  annual  cash  retainer  for  Board  service  or 
$375,000 in value within five years of the date such director is elected or appointed to the Board. Directors are not permitted to 
sell any shares of common stock (except to pay the exercise price of a particular equity grant, if any, or taxes generated as a 
result  of  equity  grants)  until  such  time  as  the  ownership  guidelines  have  been  satisfied  and  then  only  to  the  extent  that  such 
sales  do  not  reduce  such  director’s  ownership  below  the  threshold  requirement.  Shares  of  common  stock,  stock  owned  in  a 
directed retirement plan or IRA and the intrinsic value of vested equity grants count as stock ownership for purposes of these 
guidelines.  All of our non-employee directors are in compliance with this policy.

TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS POLICY AND PROCEDURES

We have adopted a written Related Party Transactions Policy that sets forth the Company’s policies and procedures 
regarding the identification, review, consideration and approval or ratification of “related party transactions.” For purposes of 
our policy only, a “related party transaction” is a transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee (or 
any series of similar transactions or arrangements) in which the Company and any “related person” are participants involving an 
amount  that  exceeds  $120,000.  Transactions  involving  compensation  for  services  provided  to  the  Company  solely  in  their 
capacity as an officer or director by a related person are not covered by this policy. A related person is any executive officer, 
director, or more than 5% stockholder of the Company, or any immediate family member of an executive officer or director, 
including any entity in which such persons are an officer or 10% or greater equity holder.

Under  the  policy,  where  a  transaction  has  been  identified  as  a  related  party  transaction,  management  must  present 
information  regarding  the  proposed  related  party  transaction  to  the  Chairperson  of  the  Audit  Committee,  the  full  Audit 
Committee or the Board for consideration and approval or ratification, depending upon the size of the transaction involved. In 
considering related party transactions, the Audit Committee takes into account the fairness of the proposed transaction to the 
Company and whether the terms of such transaction are at least as favorable to the Company as it would receive or be likely to 
receive from an unrelated third party in a comparable or substantially comparable transaction.

To ensure that our existing procedures are successful in identifying related party transactions, the Company distributed 
questionnaires to its directors and executive officers shortly following the end of the fiscal year which included, among other 
things, inquiries about any transactions they have entered into with us.

During  fiscal  2021  and  through  the  date  of  this  Proxy  Statement,  there  were  no  related  party  transactions  under  the 

relevant standards described above. 

29

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

This  Compensation  Discussion  and  Analysis,  or  CD&A,  describes  our  executive  compensation  program,  the  various 
components of our program and the compensation-related decisions made for fiscal 2021 with respect to our named executive 
officers  (“NEOs”).  For  purposes  of  this  CD&A  and  the  compensation  tables  and  narratives  that  follow,  the  NEOs  for  fiscal 
2021 were:

Robert A. Katz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”)

•
• Michael Z. Barkin, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
•
•
•
•

Patricia A. Campbell, former President - Mountain Division; current Senior Advisor - Mountain Division1
Kirsten A. Lynch, Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer
James C. O’Donnell, President - Mountain Division1
David T. Shapiro, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

1.

As previously announced on April 12, 2021, effective June 7, 2021, Ms. Campbell transitioned into the role of Senior Advisor -
Mountain Division, and Mr. O’Donnell was promoted into the role of President – Mountain Division.

 Recent Developments Affecting Fiscal 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected our business during fiscal 2021 due to travel restrictions, border 
closures,  indoor  capacity  restrictions  and  periodic  resorts  closures  that  resulted  in  reduced  visitation  to  our  resorts.    There 
continues to be uncertainty regarding the ultimate impact of COVID-19 on our business results in fiscal year 2022, including 
any response to changing COVID-19 guidance and regulations by the various governmental bodies that regulate our operations 
and  resort  communities,  as  well  as  changes  in  consumer  behavior  resulting  from  COVID-19,  which  could  have  a  significant 
effect on our business and financial results. 

Although  COVID-19  impacted  our  fiscal  2021  results  we  had  many  significant  accomplishments  throughout  the  year, 
including (i) opening our North American destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas for the 2020/2021 ski season as 
well  as  the  2021  North  American  summer  season,  all  of  which  were  generally  operational  throughout  the  core  of  their 
respective seasons, (ii) navigating complex and rapidly changing public health orders in the various jurisdictions in which we 
operate,  and  (iii)  preserving  solid  financial  liquidity  throughout  the  pandemic,  including  raising  $575  million  through  the 
issuance  of  convertible  unsecured  notes  and  implementing  robust  cost  saving  measures.    Additionally,  in  March  2021,  we 
announced a 20% reduction in pass product pricing for the upcoming 2021/2022 North American ski season, and we are very 
pleased with the strong results to date and guest enthusiasm for our pass products.

The Compensation Committee continues to believe that both our short-term and long-term success depends in large part on 
our  ability  to  attract  and  retain  highly  qualified  talent  throughout  all  areas  of  operations,  including  our  NEOs,  who  are 
motivated to serve with purpose on behalf of our Company, our team members and our stockholders.  Accordingly, we have 
made  various  compensation-related  decisions  with  respect  to  our  employees,  including  (i)  returning  the  vast  majority  of  our 
furloughed employees to work, (ii) restoring base salaries that were reduced in April 2020 to their pre-reduction levels effective 
early October 2020, (iii) implementing a company-wide increase in minimum wages to hourly employees and increasing wages 
for those employees above minimum wage, and (iv) awarding one-time end of season bonuses to many seasonal employees. 
Additionally, for fiscal 2021, the following actions were taken for our NEOs:

•

•

•

Base salaries were restored to their pre-reduction levels effective early October 2020, however, no merit increases
were given for fiscal 2021 and no changes were made to our NEOs’ target bonus;
For  Messrs.  Katz  and  Barkin  and  Mmes.  Campbell  and  Lynch,  in  light  of  the  financial  and  other  uncertainties
surrounding our business and resort operations, these executives declined a cash award pursuant to the Company’s
Management  Incentive  Plan  (“MIP”)  for  fiscal  2021,  and  instead  received  a  non-cash  grant  of  SARs  at  a  value
equal to 90% of his or her target bonus amount, which fully vested in one-year and has an exercise price that is
10% greater than the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.
The other two NEOs, Messrs. Shapiro and O’Donnell, as well as other manager and above level employees of the
Company, were entitled to participate in the Company’s MIP for fiscal 2021.  At the start of the fiscal year, due to
the  increased  uncertainty  surrounding  COVID-19  and  the  financial  impacts  on  our  business,  the  Committee
approved funding of the fiscal 2021 bonus pool at 90% of target, with earned amounts being subject to individual
performance  achievement.  Considering  the  continued  uncertainty  and  difficult  financial  environment,  the

30

Committee wanted to provide some level of certainty for the Company’s leaders, as well as recognize and retain 
talent throughout the organization.  As a reminder, the fiscal 2020 bonus pool funding was 0%.

 Fiscal 2022 Compensation Decisions

In  August  2021,  the  Company  announced  that  Mr.  Katz  would  transition  into  the  role  of  Executive  Chairperson 
effective  November  1,  2021.    At  that  time,  Kirsten  Lynch,  the  Company’s  Chief  Marketing  Officer,  will  become  CEO.    In 
connection therewith, Ms. Lynch will receive the following compensation:

•
•

•

•

•

Annual base salary of $1,000,000;
An incentive target cash bonus equal to 100% of her base salary, subject to the terms and conditions of the Company’s
Management Incentive Plan;
Target  annual  equity  awards  under  the  Company’s  2015  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  of  approximately  $4,500,000
comprised  of  50%  restricted  share  units  and  50%  share  appreciation  rights  at  a  10%  premium  to  market,  which  are
expected to vest in three equal installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date;
Participation  in  the  Perquisite  Fund  Program  with  an  annual  allowance  of  $70,000  per  year  to  be  used  at  the
Company’s owned or operated resorts; and
Other customary benefits provided to senior executives of the Company.

As Executive Chair, Mr. Katz will receive a salary of $1,000,000 per year and target equity awards under the Company’s 
2015  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  of  approximately  $1,000,000,  comprised  of  50%  restricted  share  units  and  50%  share 
appreciation rights, which are expected to vest in three equal installments beginning of the first anniversary of the grant date. 
Mr. Katz will no longer participate in the Company’s Management Incentive Plan.

 Executive Summary of our Compensation Program

       Our executive compensation program, which is grounded in the principle of pay-for-performance, is intended to reward our 
executive officers for sustained, high-level performance over the short and long-term as demonstrated by measurable, company-
wide performance metrics and individual contributions that are consistent with our overall growth strategy and achievement of 
goals.  We  compensate  our  executive  officers  with  a  combination  of  cash  compensation  (in  the  form  of  base  salary  and  cash 
incentive compensation) and equity awards, as well as a modest amount of benefits and perquisites. Our compensation program 
has been structured to enhance our ability to achieve our short-term and long-term strategic goals and to retain and motivate our 
executive officers and senior management to achieve such goals.

 Our Executive Compensation Program Emphasizes Pay-for-Performance

      The primary objective of our executive compensation program is to emphasize pay-for-performance by incentivizing our 
executive officers to drive superior results and generate stockholder value. We accomplish this objective in the following ways:

•

•

•

Annual Incentive Awards.    Our MIP, which provides for the award of annual cash incentive compensation,
referred to in this CD&A as a “MIP award,” is intended to focus our executive officers on the key corporate
financial  metrics  that  we  believe  drive  our  best  results.  As  explained  in  more  detail  below,  because  Resort
Reported  EBITDA  (earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation  and  amortization,  as  reported  for  our
Mountain and Lodging segments combined) is typically the performance metric associated with the MIP for
our NEOs, their annual cash incentive normally fluctuates with our performance and the achievement of our
annual  goals  as  established  by  the  Compensation  Committee.    However,  due  to  the  significant  financial
uncertainties of fiscal 2021 as a result of COVID-19, instead of setting a Resort Reported EBITDA target, the
Compensation Committee amended the MIP to provide for a 90% payout of target bonus awards, with any
earned  amounts  subject  to  individual  performance  achievement.  Only  two  NEOs  participated  in  the  fiscal
2021 MIP, however, the MIP also was applicable to all manager level and above employees of the Company.

Long-Term Equity Awards.    A significant portion of our NEOs’ total annual compensation opportunity is in
the  form  of  long-term  equity  incentive  compensation,  including  share  appreciation  rights  (“SARs”)  and
restricted share units (“RSUs”), which generally vest ratably over three years.

High  Percentage  of  Compensation  is  Variable  or  “At-Risk.”        A  significant  percentage  of  our  NEOs’
compensation is tied to incentives or appreciation in our stock price, and as executive officers attain greater
levels of responsibility, the percentage of their total target compensation that is variable or “at-risk” increases,
and  the  percentage  that  is  fixed  decreases.  Accordingly,  the  NEO  whose  compensation  is  most  heavily
comprised of at-risk elements is our CEO. Our commitment to emphasizing performance-based compensation
is illustrated by the following charts, which show the mix of our program’s three primary direct compensation

31

components  (fixed  compensation,  consisting  of  base  salary;  variable  or  at-risk  compensation,  consisting  of 
target annual incentive compensation; and actual long-term equity incentive awards granted in the fiscal year) 
for our CEO and, on average, for our other NEOs for fiscal 2021:

•

Performance-Based  Stock  Awards.    In  furtherance  of  our  pay-for-performance  philosophy  and  to  further  align  the
interests  of  our  CEO  with  the  interests  of  our  stockholders,  the  Compensation  Committee  has  determined  that
approximately 50% of the award value subject to long-term equity incentive awards granted to our CEO each fiscal
year  (not  including  RSUs  granted  in  payment  of  his  annual  MIP  award,  which  typically  are  already  tied  to  the
performance  metrics  set  forth  under  the  MIP  –  although  adjusted  for  fiscal  2021,  as  discussed  above)  will  be
“performance-based”  stock  awards.  These  performance-based  stock  awards  have  been  SARs  subject  to  time-based
vesting criteria, but with an exercise price that is greater than the closing price of our common stock on the date of
grant (“Premium SARs”). For fiscal 2021, the Compensation Committee awarded Mr. Katz long-term equity incentive
awards with approximately 50% of the award value in time-based vesting RSUs and approximately 50% of the award
value in Premium SARs with an exercise price that was 10% greater than the closing price of our common stock on the
date of grant.  Additionally for fiscal 2021, in light of the financial and other uncertainties surrounding our business
and resort operations, in lieu of a MIP award, Messrs. Katz and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch received a
non-cash grant of SARs in value equal to 90% of his or her target bonus amount, with one-year vesting and an exercise
price that is 10% greater than the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.

 Our Executive Compensation Program is Supported by Our Stockholders

      At our annual meeting of stockholders held on December 3, 2020, approximately 97% of the votes cast on the proposal 
were voted in support of the advisory resolution to approve the compensation of our NEOs. After considering the results of this 
vote, the Compensation Committee concluded that there is strong stockholder support of our executive compensation program 
and  its  emphasis  on  pay-for-performance.  As  a  result,  the  Compensation  Committee  determined  to  maintain  the  current 
executive  compensation  program  for  fiscal  2021,  subject  to  certain  changes  to  the  MIP  as  a  result  of  the  uncertainties 
surrounding COVID-19.  At our 2017 annual meeting, our stockholders expressed a preference that advisory votes on executive 
compensation  occur  every  year,  as  recommended  by  our  Board  of  Directors.  Consistent  with  this  preference,  our  Board  of 
Directors has implemented an advisory vote on executive compensation every year.

 Effective Corporate Governance Reinforces Our Executive Compensation Program

        The  following  features  of  our  executive  compensation  program  are  evidence  of  our  commitment  to  good  corporate 

governance practices:

32

WHAT WE DO:

WHAT WE DON’T DO:

Annual Advisory Vote to Approve Executive 
Compensation.  We provide our stockholders with an 
annual opportunity to vote on an advisory basis to approve 
the compensation paid to our NEOs as disclosed in the 
proxy statement.

Independent Compensation Committee.  Our executive 
compensation program is reviewed annually by the 
Compensation Committee, which consists solely of 
independent directors and makes all final determinations 
regarding the compensation of our NEOs.

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Tied to 
Performance.  A significant portion of our NEOs’ 
compensation is comprised of elements of performance-
based, incentive compensation that are tied to defined 
corporate and individual performance goals or stock price 
performance. In the last three fiscal years, approximately 
71.5% of our CEO’s total compensation and approximately 
72.6% of our other NEOs’ total compensation, as reported 
in the Summary Compensation Table, has on average been 
in the form of short and long-term incentive-based 
compensation (MIP award and equity awards). In addition, 
approximately 50% of the long-term equity incentives 
granted to our CEO each fiscal year consist of 
“performance-based” awards in the form of Premium 
SARs, and for fiscal 2021, certain executive officers 
received Premium SARs in lieu of a MIP award.

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Delivered 
in the Form of Long-Term Equity-Based Incentives.  A 
significant portion of our NEOs’ compensation is 
comprised of long-term equity incentive awards, consisting 
of SARs and RSUs, which generally vest over three years. 
In the last three fiscal years, approximately 68.5% of our 
CEO’s and 67.4% other NEOs’ total compensation as 
reported in the Summary Compensation Table, has on 
average been in the form of long-term equity-based 
incentives. Mr. Katz receives 50% of his annual MIP award 
in cash and the other 50% in RSUs that vest annually over a 
three-year period (included in the percentage above), 
meaning one-half of the MIP award earned on the basis of 
the Company’s achievement of annual performance goals is 
subject to further time-based vesting and changes in the 
value of our common stock over that period.

Market Alignment of Compensation but with Greater 
Emphasis on At-Risk Compensation.  To attract and retain 
talented executive officers, we align targeted compensation 
opportunity with comparable levels to our peer group, but 
we generally make at-risk compensation a more significant 
component.

Independent Compensation Consultant.  The 
Compensation Committee periodically retains and receives 
advice from an independent compensation consultant.

No Excessive Perquisites.  We provide our executive 
officers with limited perquisites, which are generally 
limited to credit at our owned and operated properties and 
which are designed to incentivize our executive officers to 
visit and use our resorts in order to make informed 
decisions regarding our business and the guest experience 
and provide relevant feedback concerning our properties 
and services.

No Tax Gross-Ups on Perquisites, Except for Standard 
Relocation Benefits.  We do not pay tax gross-ups on the 
limited perquisites that our executive officers receive, 
except in the case of standard relocation benefits available 
to all similarly situated employees.

No Excise Tax Gross-Ups.  We do not pay excise tax 
gross-ups in connection with the change in control 
arrangements provided to our executive officers.

No Automatic Salary Increases or Guaranteed 
Bonuses.  As with previous years, for fiscal 2021, we did 
not guarantee annual salary increases or bonuses for any 
NEO and no employment agreement with any NEO 
contains such provisions.  In fact, as described below, no 
cash bonus was paid to any NEO for fiscal 2020, and no 
NEO received an annual salary increase for fiscal 2021.  
While a target funding of 90% was approved by the 
Committee for the fiscal 2021 MIP, award payments under 
the MIP were subject to individual performance.

No “Single Trigger” Automatic Cash Payments, Benefits 
or Equity Vesting Upon a Change in Control.  The change 
in control arrangements provided to our executive officers 
require a termination event (including a termination by the 
executive for “good reason”) following a change in control 
before any cash-based payments or benefits are triggered. 
Additionally, our CEO’s potential cash severance is 
conservatively set at two times his base salary and bonus.  
For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the 
event of a change in control, equity will only have 
accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced 
or in the event of a termination without cause within 12 
months of a change in control event.

No Hedging or Pledging.  Under our Insider Trading 
Compliance Program, senior level employees, including our 
executive officers, as well as our directors, are prohibited 
from conducting short sales or using derivatives or other 
instruments designed to hedge against the risk of ownership 
of our securities or otherwise offset any decrease in the 
market value of our securities, including put and call 
options and collar transactions. The Insider Trading 
Compliance Program also prohibits directors and senior 
level employees, including our executive officers, from 
pledging shares of the Company’s stock.

33

WHAT WE DO:

WHAT WE DON’T DO:

No Equity Repricing.  We expressly prohibit the repricing 
of underwater SARs without stockholder approval.

No Pension Plans or SERPs.  We do not provide our 
executive officers with tax-qualified defined benefit 
pension plans or supplemental executive retirement plans.

Clawback Policy.  The Compensation Committee has 
adopted a clawback policy that, in the event of a financial 
restatement, allows us to recoup cash or equity-based 
incentive compensation from executive officers that was 
paid based on the misstated financial information.

Stock Ownership Guidelines.  Our executive officers are 
subject to stock ownership guidelines, requiring that they 
hold a meaningful amount of our common stock, which 
helps to align their interests with those of our stockholders. 
Additionally, until the applicable guideline is achieved for 
an executive, he or she is required to retain at least 75% of 
the net shares received from vesting of RSUs or exercise of 
SARs.  All of our NEOs are in compliance with this policy.

Use of Tally Sheets.  The Compensation Committee uses 
tally sheets that provide information as to all compensation 
that is potentially available to our NEOs when evaluating 
executive compensation.

Annual Risk Assessment.  The Compensation Committee, 
with the assistance of our independent compensation 
consultant, annually conducts a compensation risk 
assessment and, for fiscal 2021, determined that the 
Company’s compensation policies and practices, or 
components thereof, do not create risks that are reasonably 
likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company.

 Key Objectives of Our Executive Compensation Program

 Our executive compensation program focuses on the following three key objectives:

•

•

•

Emphasizing  Pay-for-Performance.    Emphasize  pay-for-performance  by  tying  annual  and  long-term
compensation incentives to achievement of specified performance objectives or overall stock performance.

Attracting, Retaining and Motivating.  Attract, retain and motivate talented executives who will determine our
long-term  success.  We  have  structured  our  executive  compensation  program  to  be  competitive  with
compensation paid by companies in the same market for executive talent.

Rewarding Contributions and Creating Long-Term Value.  We have structured our compensation program to
recognize and reward contributions of all employees, including executive officers, in achieving strategic goals
and business objectives, while aligning the program with stockholder interests.

Compensation-Setting Process

Participants in Setting Executive Compensation

The Compensation Committee is responsible for determining the compensation of our executive officers, including our 
NEOs.  In  appropriate  circumstances,  such  as  when  new  market  data  supports  a  market  adjustment,  the  Compensation 
Committee, in its sole discretion, considers the recommendations of our CEO in setting executive compensation, including the 
compensation  of  the  other  NEOs.  The  Compensation  Committee,  however,  makes  all  final  determinations  regarding  these 
awards (subject to any matters requiring approval by the Board of Directors and/or our stockholders), and no executive officer 
is  involved  in  the  deliberations  or  the  determination  with  respect  to  his  or  her  own  compensation.  The  non-management 
directors’ practice is to meet in executive session following the Board meeting in September of each year to review and ratify 
the Compensation Committee’s annual review of the CEO.

 Comparative Framework

     To achieve our executive compensation objectives, the Compensation Committee periodically analyzes market data and 
evaluates  individual  executive  performance  with  a  goal  of  setting  compensation  at  levels  the  Compensation  Committee 
believes,  based  on  their  general  business  and  industry  knowledge  and  experience,  are  comparable  with  executives  in  other 
companies operating in the leisure, travel, gaming and hospitality industries, which we refer to as our “peer group.” We face a 

34

somewhat unique challenge in establishing a peer group because few publicly-traded companies participate in more than one of 
our  operating  segments.  Thus,  when  evaluating  executive  compensation,  the  Compensation  Committee  includes  in  our  peer 
group a variety of leisure, travel, gaming and hospitality companies with whom we may compete for executive talent and the 
discretionary travel dollars of our guests.

When  performing  its  annual  executive  compensation  review,  the  Compensation  Committee  has  sole  authority  to 
engage an independent compensation consultant to assist in obtaining market data and analyzing the competitive nature of our 
compensation programs. In fiscal 2021, the Compensation Committee engaged Aon plc (“Aon”) to conduct a risk assessment of 
the Company’s executive compensation and to advise on compensation decisions. The Compensation Committee has assessed 
the independence of Aon as required by the NYSE listing rules. The Compensation Committee reviewed its relationship with 
Aon and considered all relevant factors, and concluded that there are no conflicts of interest raised by the work performed by 
Aon.

In fiscal 2020, the Compensation Committee engaged Aon to conduct a competitive market study of the Company’s 
executive compensation program. The market study analyzed our executive compensation relative to Aon’s proprietary survey 
data,  which  consisted  of  companies  with  comparable  revenues,  as  well  as  to  publicly-traded  peer  group  companies 
recommended by Aon. Our Compensation Committee then confirmed a peer group based upon this data. The peer group used 
by  the  Compensation  Committee  for  fiscal  2021  compensation  decisions  did  not  change  from  the  peer  group  determined  in 
fiscal 2020 and consisted of the following companies:

Boyd Gaming Corporation
Caesars Entertainment Corp.
Cedar Fair, L.P.
Churchill Downs Inc.
Extended Stay America, Inc.
Hyatt Hotels Corporation
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Penn National Gaming Inc.
Red Rock Resorts Inc.
Six Flags Entertainment Corporation
Travel + Leisure Co. (formerly known as 
Wyndham Destinations, Inc.)
Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
Wynn Resorts Ltd.

The  Compensation  Committee  uses  the  proprietary  survey  data  from  Aon  to  set  target  pay  levels  for  competitive  and 
retention purposes. The Compensation Committee then uses peer group information generally to confirm target pay levels for 
our  NEOs  are  comparable  with  companies  in  our  peer  group.  However,  as  compared  with  companies  in  our  peer  group,  we 
generally make at-risk compensation a more significant component of our NEOs’ compensation in order to emphasize pay-for-
performance. We believe that compensating our NEOs with a larger proportion of at-risk compensation elements (such as the 
MIP award, SARs and RSUs) in relation to more static compensation elements (such as base salary) and a larger proportion of 
long-term equity incentives (such as SARs and RSUs) in relation to short-term compensation elements (such as base salary and 
the MIP award), compared with the peer group, more closely aligns the interests of our NEOs with those of our stockholders.  

The Compensation Committee intends to continue to seek advice from independent compensation consultants as it deems 
necessary to help ensure that our compensation programs remain appropriate and consistent with industry practices. Although 
the Compensation Committee believes that it is important to periodically review the compensation policies of its peer group and 
the survey data, the Compensation Committee also believes that our executive compensation program must further our business 
objectives and be consistent with our culture. Therefore, while the Compensation Committee reviews the peer group and survey 
data, including the total and type of compensation paid to executive officers at peer group companies to further validate that the 
compensation paid to our executive officers remains competitive, the Compensation Committee may not necessarily make any 
particular adjustments to the compensation paid to the executive officers based on the peer group or survey data.

 Company-Specific Factors

In  addition  to  considering  market  data  with  respect  to  executive  compensation  practices  of  companies  within  our  peer 
group, the Compensation Committee takes into account individual performance, our retention needs, our relative performance 
and our own strategic goals. We also conduct an annual review of the aggregate level of our executive compensation program 
as part of our annual budget review and annual performance review processes, which include determining the operating metrics 
and non-financial elements used to measure our performance and to compensate our executive officers.

The  Compensation  Committee,  in  conjunction  with  data  and  recommendations  provided  by  our  independent 
compensation  consultant  in  any  given  year,  also  annually  analyzes  tally  sheets  prepared  for  each  NEO.  These  tally  sheets 
present the dollar amount of each component of the NEO’s compensation, including current cash compensation (base salary and 
the MIP award for the applicable fiscal year), perquisites and the value of equity awards previously granted to the NEO as of 
the  applicable  fiscal  year  end,  as  well  as  the  amounts  that  would  have  been  payable  to  the  NEO  if  employment  had  been 
terminated under various scenarios as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. The Compensation Committee uses 
these tally sheets, which provide substantially the same information as is provided in the tables included in this proxy statement, 
together with peer group data, primarily for purposes of analyzing our NEOs’ total compensation and determining whether it is 

35

appropriate to adjust the compensation mix for our NEOs on a going-forward basis. In its most recent review of tally sheets, the 
Compensation Committee determined that total compensation amounts for our NEOs remained consistent with our executive 
compensation philosophy and objectives.

 Elements of Compensation 

 Our executive compensation program consists of the following elements:

Compensation 
Element
Base Salary

Objective

To attract and retain 
executives with a proven 
track record of performance

Key Features
• Established  based  primarily  on  the  scope  of  an  executive  officer’s
responsibilities, 
individual  performance  and
experience, competitive market compensation for similar positions, as well
as  seniority  of  the  individual,  our  ability  to  replace  the  individual,  the
impact the individual’s loss would have on the Company, and other factors
which may be deemed to be relevant by the Compensation Committee.

into  account 

taking 

• Reviewed annually by the Compensation Committee and may be adjusted
to align salaries with market levels after taking into account various factors,
including those listed in the bullet above.

• No guaranteed increases to base salary.

Annual MIP 
Award

To incentivize achievement 
of annual financial, 
operational and strategic 
goals and achievement of 
individual annual 
performance objectives

• For each fiscal year, Company and individual performance elements drive
two  different  aspects  of  the  MIP:  (1)  the  aggregate  amount  of  funds
available  under  the  MIP  (driven  by  Company  performance),  and  (2)  the
specific  allocation  of  awards  to  participants  under  the  MIP  (driven  by
Company  performance  for  Mr.  Katz  and  individual  performance  for  the
other NEOs).

Equity Incentive 
Awards

To increase long-term 
stockholder value by 
retaining our executive 
officers in a competitive 
business environment and 
aligning the interests of our 
executive officers with 
those of our stockholders by 
encouraging stock 
ownership by such officers

• Rob Katz, our current CEO, typically receives his annual MIP award 50%
in cash and 50% in RSUs that vest annually over a three-year period (as
further discussed under Equity Incentive Awards below).  Our other
executive officers typically receive annual MIP awards in cash only, but in
fiscal 2021, and as discussed above in further detail, certain executives
elected to receive their annual MIP award in the form of Premium SARs
that vest over a one-year period.

• Current equity incentive awards are granted under our stockholder-approved
2015  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan,  referred  to  in  this  proxy  statement  as  the
2015 Plan.

• For  fiscal  2021,  we  used  grants  of  time-based  vesting  RSUs  and  SARs
because  RSUs  and  SARs  provide  both  a  high  perceived  value  and  strong
retention  value.    The  use  of  RSUs  aligns  the  interests  of  our  executive
officers with that of our stockholders through stock ownership.

• The  Compensation  Committee  has  adopted  a  long-term  equity-based
incentive grant practice for Mr. Katz, such that approximately 50% of his
equity  awards  will  be  performance-based.  For 
the
Compensation Committee awarded Mr. Katz his long-term equity incentive
awards  as  approximately  50%  of  the  award  value  in  RSUs  and
approximately 50% of the award value in Premium SARs, which consisted
of  4,694  RSUs  and  21,371  Premium  SARs,  each  vesting  annually  over
three years.

fiscal  2021, 

• For  equity  awards  granted  in  fiscal  2021  and  beyond,  in  the  event  of  a
change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is
not  assumed  or  replaced  or  in  the  event  of  a  termination  without  cause
within 12 months of a change in control event.

• SARs are granted with an exercise price of no less than the closing price of
our common stock on the date of grant (and in some cases as noted above
with respect to Mr. Katz and certain executives with respect to their fiscal
2021 MIP award, with an exercise price that exceeds the fair market value
on the date of grant), and as a result, executive officers realize value only to
the extent the price of our common stock appreciates after the grant date.

36

Compensation 
Element

Deferred 
Compensation

Limited 
Perquisites

Objective

To attract and retain 
executive officers with a 
proven track record of 
performance and to provide 
a tax-efficient means for 
such officers to save for 
retirement
To incentivize executives to 
use the Company’s services 
in order to help them in 
their performance by 
allowing them to evaluate 
our resorts and services 
based upon firsthand 
knowledge

Key Features
• Executive  officers  can  elect  to  defer  up  to  80%  of  their  base  salary  and

100% of their annual MIP award.

• Executive officers can invest these amounts in pre-tax dollars in designated
hypothetical investments for their accounts, which are credited with gains
or losses in accordance with their selections.

• Also includes our Perquisite Fund Program, under which certain of our

senior management, receive an annual allowance, based on executive level,
to be used at the Company’s owned or operated resorts. Executives may
draw against the account to pay for services or goods, at the market rate for
the applicable resort or services. Amounts used by executives are taxed as
ordinary income, like other compensation. Unused funds at the end of each
fiscal year are forfeited.

• All Company employees enjoy skiing privileges, including our executives.

 2021 Compensation Decisions

      As discussed above, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the global economy and strained the hospitality 
and leisure industries due to travel restrictions and stay-at-home directives that have resulted in cancellations and significantly 
reduced  travel.    Accordingly,  on  April  1,  2020,  we  announced  additional  measures  taken  to  provide  liquidity  and  preserve 
financial  flexibility,  which  included,  among  other  things,  (i)  implementing  six  month  salary  reductions  for  all  salaried 
employees  in  the  U.S.,  including  our  NEOs,  (ii)  CEO  foregoing  full  salary  and  Board  of  Directors  foregoing  100%  of  cash 
compensation  for  six  months,  and  (iii)  suspending  our  401k  match  for  six  months.  Full  salaries  were  reinstated  for  all 
employees, including NEOs in early October 2020.

        Base  Salary.  The  Compensation  Committee  generally  reviews  and  adjusts  base  salaries  annually  at  its  September 
committee meeting, with new salaries effective in mid-October. As a result of the uncertainties surrounding COVID-19 and in 
order to preserve liquidity, no annual merit increase was given to any NEO for fiscal 2021. The following table sets forth total 
annual base salaries for each of our NEOs as well as the actual salaries paid during fiscal 2021 taking into account the salary 
reduction that was in effect at the start of fiscal 2021 described above.

Name

Robert A. Katz     . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Michael Z. Barkin   . . . . . . . . . . .
Patricia A. Campbell         . . . . . . . .
Kirsten A. Lynch      . . . . . . . . . . .
James C. O’Donnell1        . . . . . . . .
David T. Shapiro      . . . . . . . . . . .

Fiscal 2021
Base Salary  

Fiscal 2021 
Actual Salary 
Paid

$ 1,002,079  $  809,372 
$  569,250  $  541,882 
$  569,250  $  541,882 
$  569,250  $  541,882 
$  500,000  $  431,051 
$  517,500  $  497,596 

1. Mr. O’Donnell was promoted to President- Mountain Division effective June 7, 2021 and the fiscal 2021 salary reflected in

the table above reflects the promotion base salary.

Annual MIP Awards.  All of our NEOs were eligible to receive an annual MIP award for fiscal 2021. For Messrs. Katz 
and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch, in light of the financial and other uncertainties surrounding our business and resort 
operations, these executives were excluded from the cash MIP award for fiscal 2021, and instead received a non-cash grant of 
SARs in value equal to 90% of his or her target bonus amount, with one-year vesting and an exercise price that is 10% greater 
than the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.  Only two NEOs, Messrs. Shapiro and O’Donnell, participated 
in  the  Company’s  MIP,  which  for  fiscal  2021,  provided  for  a  maximum  90%  funding  of  target  bonus  awards,  subject  to 
increases  or  decreases  based  upon  individual  performance.    Accordingly,  the  remainder  of  the  discussion  regarding  the  MIP 
only applies to Messrs. Shapiro and O’Donnell.

37

Fiscal  2021  Funding  of  the  MIP.        Annual  funding  of  the  MIP  has  typically  been  based  upon  our  achievement  of 
performance  measures  selected  by  the  Compensation  Committee,  and  the  Compensation  Committee  in  previous  years  has 
established Resort Reported EBITDA as the performance measure to determine funding of the MIP for our NEOs. For fiscal 
2021, in light of the continued significant uncertainty surrounding COVID-19 on our business, the Compensation Committee 
did  not  establish  Resort  Reported  EBITDA  goals,  but  instead  approved  a  maximum  funding  of  the  MIP  at  90%  of  target, 
subject to achievement of individual performance criteria.  At the end of fiscal 2021, the Committee recognized the significant 
accomplishments  of  our  employees  and  all  their  hard  work  throughout  the  pandemic,  including  the  NEOs.  Significant 
accomplishments  in  fiscal  2021  supporting  the  Committee’s  decision  to  fund  an  aggregate  pool  of  90%  of  target  bonuses 
included (i) strong pass sales results after announcing a historic price reduction, (ii) opening our North American resorts for the 
2020/2021 ski season as well as the 2021 North American summer season, all of which were generally operational throughout 
the  core  of  their  respective  seasons,  (iii)  navigating  complex  and  rapidly  changing  public  health  orders  in  the  various 
jurisdictions  in  which  we  operate,  and  (iv)  preserving  solid  financial  liquidity  throughout  the  pandemic,  including  raising 
additional funds and implementing robust cost saving measures.  

Target  Annual  MIP  Awards.        The  differences  between  the  NEOs’  target  MIP  awards  as  a  percentage  of  their  base 
salaries was determined based upon the perceived ability each executive position has to influence our performance. Threshold, 
target and maximum awards payable under the MIP for fiscal 2021 are reported in the Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table. For 
fiscal 2021, each NEO was eligible for an annual MIP award based on a percentage of annual base salary as follows:

Name

Robert A. Katz1       . . . . . . . . . .
Michael Z. Barkin1
    . . . . . . . .
Patricia A. Campbell1
     . . . . . .
Kirsten A. Lynch1       . . . . . . . .
James C. O’Donnell2       . . . . . .
David T. Shapiro       . . . . . . . . .

2021 Target Annual
MIP Award as Percentage 
of Base Salary 
100%
75%
75%
75%
75%
50%

1.

Although Messrs. Katz and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch did not receive a cash MIP award for fiscal 2021, the 
amounts of each of their Premium SAR awards that were granted in lieu of a MIP award were based on 90% of his or her
target annual MIP award set forth above.

2. Mr. O’Donnell was promoted to President – Mountain Division effective June 7, 2021, and the target MIP award as a

percentage of base salary reflected above is the percentage at the promoted level.  Mr. O’Donnell’s actual total MIP award is
prorated based on the time in each role throughout fiscal 2021, rounding to the nearest month of the effective date of the
promotion.

Individual  MIP  Award  Determination.  Once  funding  was  established  for  fiscal  2021,  the  actual  MIP  award  paid  to 
Messrs. O’Donnell and Shapiro as well as all other MIP participants was determined by individual performance achievements 
against  their  individual  performance  objectives.  This  structure  reflects  our  objective  to  put  more  emphasis  on  individual 
performance  oriented  compensation,  while  at  the  same  time  requiring  that  overall  Company  performance  standards  are  met 
before MIP funding can occur. Achievement of individual performance objectives can result in the NEO receiving a MIP award 
equal to 0%, 50%, 100%, 120% or 130% of the funded amount (subject to availability of funds under the MIP) and subject to 
further adjustments at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Individual performance objectives vary depending upon 
our  strategic  plan  and  each  NEO’s  individual  responsibilities  are  established  at  the  beginning  of  each  fiscal  year,  with  the 
expectation in fiscal 2021 that the target level of performance of these objectives would require significant effort and substantial 
progress toward the goals of our strategic plan in light of the current business environment. As a result, the Committee believed 
that each NEO’s attainment of his or her performance objectives in fiscal 2021 would be moderately likely.

The final MIP awards to our NEOs were as follows:

Name

2021 MIP Award 

Robert A. Katz1       . . . . . . . . . .
Michael Z. Barkin1
    . . . . . . . .
Patricia A. Campbell1
     . . . . . .
Kirsten A. Lynch1       . . . . . . . .
James C. O’Donnell      . . . . . . .
David T. Shapiro       . . . . . . . . .

$901,871
$384,244
$384,244
$384,244
$221,203
$232,875

38

1.

For Messrs. Katz and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch, the amounts set forth in the table above represent the amount 
of Premium SAR awards that were granted in lieu of a cash MIP award.

Long-Term Equity Incentives

Our long-term equity incentive award program is designed to promote long-term Company performance and align each 
executive’s risk with stockholder interest, to reward the achievement of long-term goals, and to promote stability and corporate 
loyalty among our executives. The Compensation Committee bases awards of long-term equity compensation on a number of 
different factors, including competitive market practices as determined by our peer group analysis, the information provided by 
our independent compensation consultant, the amount of cash compensation that is currently paid to each NEO, each NEO’s 
level  of  responsibility,  our  retention  objectives  and  our  pay-for-performance  philosophy.  In  general,  the  Compensation 
Committee  makes  long-term  equity  award  determinations  for  executive  officers  in  September  of  each  year  and  typically 
consults  with  our  CEO  in  determining  the  size  of  grants  to  each  NEO,  other  than  himself,  although  the  Compensation 
Committee makes all final determinations. The non-management directors’ practice is to meet in executive session following 
the Board meeting in September of each year to review and ratify the Compensation Committee’s annual review of the CEO. In 
fiscal  2021,  the  Compensation  Committee  granted  long-term  equity  incentive  awards  under  the  stockholder-approved  2015 
Plan, which were generally not increased as compared to the long-term equity incentive awards granted in fiscal 2020.

As noted above, the long-term equity values awarded to our NEOs are based on a number of different factors considered 
by the Compensation Committee. For fiscal 2021, the Compensation Committee awarded each NEO an equity value based on 
individual  achievements  and  performance.    As  described  elsewhere  in  this  CD&A,  for  fiscal  2021,  the  Compensation 
Committee  awarded  Mr.  Katz  his  long-term  equity  incentive  awards  as  approximately  50%  of  the  award  value  in  RSUs  and 
approximately  50%  of  the  award  value  in  Premium  SARs  (excluding  the  Premium  SARs  granted  in  lieu  of  fiscal  2021  cash 
MIP  award,  further  discussed  below),  however,  as  discussed  above,  upon  the  recommendation  of  Mr.  Katz,  the  value  of  his 
long-term incentive awards (RSUs and SARs) granted in September 2020 remained at the reduced amount of approximately $2 
million.

As in previous years, the long-term equity incentive awards granted to our NEOs in fiscal 2021 consisted of RSUs and 
SARs. In determining the mix of RSUs and SARs granted to each of our NEOs in fiscal 2021, the Compensation Committee 
considered  that  RSUs  have  a  relatively  greater  retentive  effect,  but  SARs  have  a  relatively  greater  performance  incentive 
impact. Accordingly, for fiscal 2021, the Compensation Committee awarded grants to the NEOs such that approximately 50% 
of the long-term equity incentive award value granted is attributed to RSUs and approximately 50% of the award value granted 
is attributed to SARs (and in the case of our CEO, Premium SARs). To further promote retention, the RSUs and SARs granted 
in fiscal 2021 vest in equal annual installments over a three year period commencing on the first anniversary date of the grant. 
As  the  awards  are  inherently  tied  to  the  performance  of  our  common  stock,  we  consider  a  vesting  schedule  based  upon 
continued service appropriate to meet the desire for both retention and performance incentive.

The value of the equity awards granted to our NEOs in fiscal 2021 are reported in the Summary Compensation Table and 

are further described in the Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table.

 Other Executive Compensation Policies and Practices

 Clawback Policy

In line with corporate governance best practices, the Compensation Committee has adopted a clawback policy that allows 
the Company to seek repayment of incentive compensation that was paid based on financial statements that were subsequently 
restated. The policy provides that if the Board determines that there has been a material restatement of publicly issued financial 
results from those previously issued to the public, our Board will review all MIP awards and equity awards made to executive 
officers  during  the  three-year  period  prior  to  the  restatement  on  the  basis  of  having  met  or  exceeded  specific  performance 
targets. If such payments would have been lower had they been calculated based on such restated results, our Board will (to the 
extent permitted by governing law) seek to recoup the payments in excess of the amount that would have been paid based on 
the restated results.

 Equity Grant Practices

We generally seek to make equity compensation grants in the first quarter following the completion of a given fiscal year. 
SARs are granted with an exercise price equal to or higher than the market price of our common stock on the date of grant, 
which  is  the  date  the  Compensation  Committee  approves  the  award.  We  do  not  have  any  specific  program,  plan  or  practice 
related to timing equity compensation awards to executives; however, the Compensation Committee generally approves annual 
awards on the date of the regularly scheduled first fiscal quarter Board meeting in September, with the grant date being the first 
business day after the public release of earnings for the previous fiscal year. Other than grants made in connection with hiring, 
promotions or to replace certain new hire grants once they vest and/or are exercised, equity awards are granted to NEOs at the 
same time that equity awards are granted to all other employees who are eligible for such awards.

39

 Stock Ownership Guidelines for Executives

Consistent with our objective of encouraging executive stock ownership to create long-term stockholder value by aligning 
the interests of our executives with our stockholders, the Company has adopted executive stock ownership guidelines. Under 
the guidelines, our executive officers are expected to hold shares of our common stock equal to multiples of their base salaries 
as follows: 

Title

Chief Executive Officer   . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chief Financial Officer    . . . . . . . . . . . .
Presidents       . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Executive Vice Presidents     . . . . . . . . . .

Multiple of Base 
Salary 
6x
3x
3x
2x

Until an executive achieves the required level of ownership, he or she is required to retain at least 75% of the net shares 
received as a result of the vesting of RSUs or restricted stock or the exercise of SARs. Net shares are those that remain after 
shares are netted to pay any applicable exercise price and/or statutory tax withholdings. Shares of common stock, stock owned 
in a directed retirement plan or IRA and the intrinsic value of vested equity grants count as stock ownership for purposes of 
these guidelines. As of the date of this proxy statement, all NEOs who are subject to our stock ownership guidelines have met 
their required level of stock ownership.

 Policy Prohibiting Hedging and Pledging Transactions

Our  Insider  Trading  Compliance  Program  prohibits  directors  and  senior  level  employees,  including  our  executive 
officers, from engaging in hedging transactions designed to offset decreases in the market value of the Company’s securities, 
including engaging in short sales or investing in other derivatives of the Company’s securities, including put and call options 
and collar transactions. The Insider Trading Compliance Program also prohibits directors and senior level employees, including 
our executive officers, from pledging shares of the Company’s stock.

 Post-Termination Compensation

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Katz is entitled to receive severance payments and continuation of certain 
benefits  upon  certain  terminations  of  employment,  including  certain  resignations  for  “good  reason”  (as  defined  in  his 
agreement).  Pursuant  to  the  Company’s  executive  severance  policy,  Messrs.  Barkin  and  Shapiro  and  Mmes.  Campbell  and 
Lynch are entitled to receive severance payments upon certain terminations of employment. In addition, each NEO is entitled to 
receive payments upon a termination occurring within a limited period of time following a change in control. We believe the 
change in control arrangements provide continuity of management in the event of an actual or threatened change in control. We 
also  believe  that  our  termination  and  severance  provisions  reflect  both  market  practices  and  competitive  factors.  Our  Board 
believed that these severance payments and benefit arrangements were necessary to attract and retain our executives when these 
agreements were entered into.

 Tax Deductibility of Executive Compensation

Section  162(m)  was  amended  under  the  Tax  Cuts  and  Jobs  Act  and  with  limited  exceptions,  the  performance-based 
exemption no longer applies. Compensation above $1,000,000 is generally non-deductible for any person who was (i) the chief 
executive officer or chief financial officer at any time during the taxable year, (ii) one of the three highest compensated other 
executive officers for the taxable year or (iii) a covered employee under Section 162(m) for any taxable year beginning on or 
after  January  1,  2017.  Our  Company’s  objectives  are  not  always  consistent  with  the  requirements  for  full  deductibility. 
Therefore,  deductibility  is  not  the  sole  factor  used  in  setting  the  appropriate  compensation  levels  paid  by  the  Company  and 
decisions leading to future compensation levels may not be fully deductible under Section 162(m). We believe this flexibility 
enables us to respond to changing business conditions or to an executive’s exceptional individual performance.

40

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE FOR FISCAL 2021

The following table summarizes the total compensation paid or earned by the NEOs for each of the last three fiscal years 

during which the officer was a NEO:

Name and Principal 
Position

Fiscal
Year  

Salary
($)(1)  

Bonus
($)  

Stock
Awards
($)(2)  

Option/Share
Appreciation
Right Awards
($)(3)  

Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)(4)  

Robert A. Katz     . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2021  809,372  —  1,034,933  (6)

1,936,862  (9)

Chairman and Chief 
Executive Officer

2020  688,534  —  1,034,942  (7)

2019  961,896  —  1,315,920  (8)

Michael Z. Barkin  . . . . . . . . . . .
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer

Patricia A. Campbell       . . . . . . . .
Former President - Mountain 
Division, current Senior 
Advisor - Mountain Division
Kirsten A. Lynch    . . . . . . . . . . .
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Marketing Officer

James. C. O’Donnell (12)
President - Mountain 
Division 

      . . . . . .

David T. Shapiro     . . . . . . . . . . .
Executive Vice President, 
General Counsel and 
Secretary

2021  541,882  —

2020  522,500  —

2019  540,385  —

2021  541,882  —

2020  522,500  —

2019  540,385  —

2021  541,882  —

2020  522,500  —

2019  540,385  —

2021  431,051  —

750,293 

750,159 

774,808 

750,293 

750,159 

774,808 

750,293 

750,159 

774,808 

362,249 

2021  497,596  —

2020  482,962  —

2019  486,447  —

549,877 

517,471 

549,812 

1,034,976 

999,961 

1,134,550 

 (10) 

750,371 

724,976 

1,134,550  (10)

750,371 

724,976 

1,134,550 

 (10) 

750,371 

724,976 

362,219 

549,951 

517,443 

499,977 

—  (11)

—  (11)

316,115  (11)

— 

— 

269,363 

— 

— 

269,363 

— 

— 

269,363 

221,203 

232,875 

— 

163,250 

Change in
Pension Value 
and Non-
qualified 
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)  

All Other
Compensation
($)(5)  

Total
($)  

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

33,622 

 3,814,789 

31,445 

 2,789,897 

30,804 

 3,624,696 

20,417 

 2,447,142 

7,626 

 2,030,656 

9,321 

 2,318,853 

12,732 

 2,439,457 

11,060 

 2,034,090 

11,116 

 2,320,648 

33,046 

 2,459,771 

8,235 

 2,031,265 

11,099 

 2,320,631 

13,553 

 1,390,275 

16,081 

 1,846,380 

6,795 

 1,524,671 

14,237 

 1,713,723 

(1) Amounts shown reflect salary earned during the fiscal year, which differ from base salaries in that year based in part on the timing of previous year annual

adjustments, mid-year promotions, service period and other adjustments in any given year.

(2) Awards  consist  of  RSUs.  The  amounts  represent  the  aggregate  grant  date  fair  value  of  RSUs  granted  during  the  applicable  fiscal  year  computed  in
accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, and do not represent cash payments made to individuals or amounts realized, or amounts that may be realized. 
Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in note 17 to our audited financial statements for fiscal 2021, which are included in our 
Annual Report.

(3) Awards  consist  of  SARs.  The  amounts  represent  the  aggregate  grant  date  fair  value  of  SARs  granted  during  the  applicable  fiscal  year  computed  in
accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, and do not represent cash payments made to individuals or amounts realized, or amounts that may be realized. 
Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in note 17 to our audited financial statements for fiscal 2021, which are included in our 
Annual Report.

(4) As described in the Compensation Discussion & Analysis section of this proxy statement, all of our NEOs were eligible to receive an annual MIP award 
for fiscal 2021. Messrs. Katz and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch declined a cash MIP award for fiscal 2021, and instead received a non-cash 
grant of SARs in value equal to 90% of his or her target bonus amount, with one-year vesting and an exercise price that is 10% greater than the closing
price  of  our  common  stock  on  the  date  of  grant.    Accordingly,  only  two  NEOs,  Messrs.  Shapiro  and  O’Donnell,  were  entitled  to  participate  in  the
Company’s Management Incentive Plan, which for fiscal 2021, provided for a 90% payout of target bonus awards, subject to individual performance.

(5) All other compensation for fiscal 2021 includes the following:

Name

Robert A. Katz

Michael Z. Barkin

Patricia A. Campbell

Kirsten A. Lynch

James. C. O’Donnell

David T. Shapiro

Fiscal
Year 
2021

2021

2021

2021

2021

2021

Company
Contributions
Under 401(k)
Savings Plan
($)(a) 

Company-paid
Supplemental
Life Insurance
Premiums
($)(b) 

Company-paid
Supplemental
Disability 
Insurance 
Premiums
($)(c) 

Company-paid 
Lodging, Ski School 
Privileges and 
Discretionary
Spending on Goods and 
Services
($)(d) 

2,832 

2,119

5,264 

2,944

4,797 

6,680

14,795 

10,056

— 

20,502

— 

—

8,700 

7,342

6,568 

8,700

7,856 

8,501

7,295 

900

900 

900

900 

900

41

Total
($) 
33,622 

20,417 

12,732 

33,046 

13,553 

16,081 

(a) Consists of Company contributions to the NEO’s accounts in the Company’s tax-qualified 401(k) plan.

(b) Consists of premiums paid on behalf of the NEO for supplemental life insurance.

(c) Consists of premiums paid on behalf of the NEO for supplemental disability insurance.

(d)

In fiscal 2021, our NEOs were entitled to participate in our Perquisite Fund Program, under which certain of the Company’s officers receive an
annual allowance based on officer level to be used at the Company’s resorts. For fiscal 2021, annual allowances for NEOs were as follows: CEO
—$70,000; President—$40,000; and Executive Vice President—$30,000. Executives may draw against the account to pay for services or goods at the
market rate. Amounts of the fund used by the NEO are taxed as ordinary income, like other compensation. The amounts reported include the amounts
used by the NEO towards lodging, ski school privileges and discretionary spending on services or goods at our properties for personal use. In
accordance with SEC rules, the value of these benefits is measured on the basis of the estimated aggregate incremental cost to the Company for 
providing these benefits, and perquisites and personal benefits are not reported for any NEO for whom such amounts were less than $10,000 in the
aggregate for the fiscal year.  In fiscal 2021, the Company also provided each NEO with access to one or more of our private clubs through our
quality assessment program, for which the Company incurred no incremental costs.  NEOs are responsible for the payment of their individual, non-
business related expenditures incurred at such clubs, although these expenses would qualify for reimbursement under the Perquisite Fund Program if
within the NEO’s allowance under that program.

(6) The amount shown in the “Stock Awards” column for fiscal 2021 includes $1,034,993 as part of his part of his long-term equity incentive award, which
represents the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs, based on 4,694 RSUs granted on September 25, 2020. Mr. Katz’s received a MIP award in the
form of Premium SARs for fiscal 2021.

(7) The amount shown in the “Stock Awards” column for fiscal 2020 includes $1,034,942 as part of his long-term equity incentive award, which represent the
aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs, based on 4,768 RSUs granted on September 25, 2019. Mr. Katz’s did not receive a MIP award for fiscal 2020.

(8) The amount shown in the “Stock Awards” column for fiscal 2019 includes $316,115 for 50% payment of Mr. Katz’s total MIP award and $999,805 as
part of his long-term equity incentive award, which represent the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs, based on the 1,456 and 3,706 RSUs granted on
September 25, 2019 and September 27, 2018, respectively. Mr. Katz’s MIP award is paid 50% in cash and 50% in RSUs that vest annually over a three
year period.

(9) Represents 19,156 shares in the form of Premium SARs for Mr. Katz’s fiscal 2021 MIP award and 21,371 shares for Mr. Katz’s fiscal 2021 long-term

equity incentive award.

(10) Represents 8,161 shares in the form of Premium SARs for Mr. Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch’s fiscal 2021 MIP award and 13,765 shares for

each of their fiscal 2021 long-term equity incentive awards.

(11) Mr. Katz’s MIP award is typically paid 50% in cash and 50% in RSUs that vest annually over a three year period. The amounts reported in the “Non-
Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” column for fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 reflect only the cash amount paid to Mr. Katz for 50% of Mr. Katz’s total
MIP award for the applicable fiscal year.

(12) Mr. O’Donnell became President - Mountain Division and a NEO accordingly, on June 7, 2021.

42

GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS IN FISCAL 2021

The following table shows certain information regarding grants of plan-based awards to the NEOs during fiscal 2021:

Name

Grant
Date(1)

Threshold
($)

Estimated Possible Payouts
Under Non-Equity Incentive
Plan Awards(2)  
Target
($)

Maximum
($)

Robert A. Katz   . . . . . .

— 

— 

— 

Michael Z. Barkin       . . .

Patricia A. Campbell     .

Kirsten A. Lynch     . . . .

James C. O’Donnell     .

David T. Shapiro    . . . .

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

9/25/2020

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

245,781 

 (5) 

287,564 

— 

258,750 

302,738 

All Other
Stock
Awards:
Number of
Shares of 
Stock or 
Units(#)

— 

4,694 

(6)

— 

3,403 (6)

— 

3,403 

(6)

— 

3,403 (6)

— 

1,643 

(6)

— 

2,494 

(6)

All Other
Option/SAR
Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying 
Options/
SARs (#)(3)

— 

Exercise
or Base
Price of
Option/
SAR 
Awards 
($/Sh)

— 

n/a

21,371 

247.79 

19,156 

(7)

247.79 

— 

— 

n/a

13,765

225.26

8,161 

(7)

247.79 

— 

— 

n/a

13,765 

225.26 

8,161 

(7)

247.79 

— 

— 

n/a

13,765

225.26

8,161 

(7)

247.79 

— 

6,645 

— 

— 

n/a

225.26 

— 

n/a

10,089 

225.26 

Grant Date
Fair Value
of Stock
and Option 
Awards($)(4)
— 

1,034,933 

1,034,998 

901,864 

— 

750,293 

750,330 

384,220 

— 

750,293 

750,330 

384,220 

— 

750,293 

750,330 

384,220 

— 

362,249 

362,219 

— 

549,877 

549,951 

(1) With respect to equity awards, such awards were approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board on September 23, 2020, with a grant date of

September 25, 2020, which is the first business day after the public release of earnings for the previous fiscal year.

(2)

(3)

The estimated possible payouts are based on the parameters applicable to each NEO at the time the Compensation Committee established the relevant 
performance goals in writing at the beginning of fiscal 2021, as more fully described in the CD&A section of this proxy statement. The actual earned
and subsequently paid amounts are reported in the Summary Compensation Table under the “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” column.  As 
described  in  the  Compensation  Discussion  &  Analysis  section  of  this  proxy  statement,  Messrs.  Katz  and  Barkin  and  Mmes.  Campbell  and  Lynch 
declined a cash MIP award for fiscal 2021, and accordingly were not entitled to a payout under a non-equity incentive plan for fiscal 2021. Instead these
executives received a non-cash grant of SARs in value equal to 90% of his or her target bonus amount, with one-year vesting and an exercise price that
is 10% greater than the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant (see footnote 6). Only two NEOs, Messrs. Shapiro and O’Donnell, were
entitled  to  participate  in  the  Company’s  Management  Incentive  Plan,  which  for  fiscal  2021,  provided  for  a  90%  payout  of  target  bonus  awards.  The
award can be adjusted based on achievement of individual performance objectives, which can result in the individual receiving an award equal to 0%,
50%, 100%, 120% or 130% of the amount.

Represents  SARs  that  vest  in  three  equal  annual  installments  beginning  on  the  first  anniversary  of  the  date  of  grant,  except  for  the  Premium  SARs
specifically noted in footnote 6 below. The exercise price of each SAR is equal to the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant, except in
the case of the SARs award value granted to Mr. Katz for which the exercise price was 110% of the closing price of our common stock on the date of
grant. Upon the exercise of a SAR, the actual number of shares the Company will issue to the NEO is equal the quotient of (i) the product of (x) the
excess of the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price, multiplied by (y) the number of SARs
exercised, divided by (ii) the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise, less any shares withheld to cover payment of
applicable tax withholding obligations. The grants were made pursuant to the 2015 Plan.

(4)

The  amounts  shown  represent  the  aggregate  fair  value  of  the  award  calculated  as  of  the  grant  date  in  accordance  with  FASB  ASC  Topic  718.
Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in note 17 to our audited financial statements for fiscal 2021, which are included in 
our Annual Report.

(5) Mr. O’Donnell was promoted to President - Mountain Division effective June 7, 2021, and his MIP award is pro-rated to reflect the change in position as

follows: ten months at a 50% target bonus level (at a salary of $439,875) and two months at a 75% bonus level (at a salary of $500,000).

(6)

(7)

Represents RSUs that vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. The grants were made pursuant to
the 2015 Plan. 

As described in footnote 2, Messrs. Katz and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch declined a cash MIP award for fiscal 2021, and instead received a 
non-cash grant of SARs in value equal to 90% of his or her target bonus amount if he or she had participated the MIP, which for Mr. Katz is 100% of his
salary, or $1,002,079, and for Mr. Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch, 75% of their salaries, which for each is $569,250.

43

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS

The Company has an employment agreement with Mr. Katz, which was approved by the Compensation Committee, and 
which the Company expects to amend in connection with his transition to Executive Chairperson of the Board. No other NEO 
had an employment agreement with the Company at fiscal year end.

 Robert A. Katz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

The Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Katz on October 15, 2008, as amended on September 30, 
2011 and April 11, 2013. The employment agreement had an initial term through October 15, 2011 and provides for automatic 
renewal for successive one year periods if neither party provides written notice of non-renewal to the other party not less than 
60 days prior to the then-current scheduled expiration date. Under the employment agreement, the initial base salary was set at 
$843,500, subject to annual adjustments by the Compensation Committee, though in no case may the base salary be reduced at 
any  time  below  the  then-current  level.  As  part  of  the  Company-wide  wage  reduction  plan  effective  April  2,  2009,  Mr.  Katz 
waived this requirement and did not take any salary for a twelve month period. Effective April 1, 2010, Mr. Katz’s salary was 
reinstated at 85% of his prior pre-wage reduction salary. Mr. Katz again waived this requirement as part of a Company-wide 
wage  reduction  in  April  2020  as  a  result  of  COVID-19  and  did  not  take  any  salary  for  approximately  six  months.    In  early 
October 2020, Mr. Katz’s salary was reinstated in full.  Pursuant to the employment agreement, Mr. Katz also participates in the 
Company’s MIP, as more fully described in the CD&A. Under the employment agreement, if the Company achieves specified 
performance targets for the year under the MIP, Mr. Katz’s “target opportunity” will be no less than 100% of his base salary. 
The employment agreement provides that Mr. Katz’s MIP award is to be paid 50% in cash and 50% in RSUs that vest annually 
over a three year period. Mr. Katz receives other benefits and perquisites on the same terms as afforded to senior executives 
generally, including customary health, disability and insurance benefits, and participation in the Perquisite Fund Program. Mr. 
Katz is also provided access to one or more of the Company’s private clubs through our quality assessment program.

The employment agreement also provides for certain payments in connection with the termination (including constructive 
termination)  of  Mr.  Katz  under  certain  circumstances,  as  more  fully  described  under  the  heading  “Potential  Payments  Upon 
Termination or Change in Control” below. The September 2011 amendment to his employment agreement eliminated his rights 
to (i) receive cash severance benefits upon his voluntary resignation within six months following a change in control, and (ii) be 
eligible to receive tax gross-up payments on severance and other benefits payable in connection with a change in control. The 
April 2013 amendment eliminated his rights to paid time off in connection with the Company’s adoption of a flexible time off 
policy.

Mr.  Katz’s  employment  agreement  contains  standard  provisions  for  non-competition  and  non-solicitation  of  the 
Company’s  managerial  employees  that  become  effective  as  of  the  date  of  Mr.  Katz’s  termination  of  employment  and  that 
continue for two years thereafter. Mr. Katz is also subject to a permanent covenant to maintain confidentiality of the Company’s 
confidential information.

44

OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL 2021 YEAR-END

The following table shows certain information regarding outstanding equity awards held by the NEOs as of July 31, 2021:

Name
Robert A. Katz       . . . . . . .

Michael Z. Barkin   . . . . .

Number of Securities
Underlying 
Unexercised
Options / SARs
Exercisable (#)(1)  

 Option Awards  
Number of Securities
Underlying 
Unexercised
Options / SARs
Unexercisable (#)(1)(2)  

Option /
SAR
Exercise 
Price ($)(3) 

81,340 (SARs)
81,340 (SARs)
21,611 (SARs)
49,063 (SARs)
18,527 (SARs)
42,385 (SARs)
45,528 (SARs)
14,814 (SARs)
7,818 (SARs)
7,609 (SARs)

4,169 (SARs)
8,698 (SARs)
7,682 (SARs)
4,758 (SARs)
4,121 (SARs)

68.98 
86.23 
87.18 
108.98 
107.42
134.28
200.70
285.05
357.66
295.19
247.79
247.79

107.42 
160.56 
228.04 
286.13 
236.15
225.26
247.79

3,909 (SARs)
15,218 (SARs)
21,371 (SARs)
19,156 (SARs)

2,379 (SARs)
8,243 (SARs)
13,765 (SARs)
8,161 (SARs)

Option / 
SAR
Expiration
Date  
9/26/2023
9/26/2023
9/23/2024
9/23/2024
9/25/2025
9/25/2025
9/23/2026
9/27/2027
9/27/2028
9/25/2029
9/25/2030
9/25/2030

9/25/2025
9/23/2026
9/27/2027
9/27/2028
9/25/2029
9/25/2030
9/25/2030

Patricia A. Campbell    . . .

6,851 (SARs)
4,758 (SARs)
4,121 (SARs)

2,379 (SARs)
8,243 (SARs)
13,765 (SARs)
8,161 (SARs)

228.04 
286.13 
236.15
225.26
247.79

9/27/2027
9/27/2028
9/25/2029
9/25/2030
9/25/2030

Kirsten A. Lynch      . . . . .

James C. O’Donnell       . . .

David T. Shapiro   . . . . . .

13,169 (SARs)
7,458 (SARs)
6,851 (SARs)
4,758 (SARs)
4,121 (SARs)

2,884 (SARs)
6,337 (SARs)
3,058 (SARs)
2,297 (SARs)
1,989 (SARs)

8,440 (SARs)
4,360 (SARs)
3,281 (SARs)
2,842 (SARs)

107.42
160.56
228.04 
286.13 
236.15 
225.26
247.79

9/25/2025
9/23/2026
9/27/2027
9/27/2028
9/25/2029
9/25/2030
9/25/2030

68.98 
107.42 
228.04
286.13 
236.15
225.26

9/26/2023
9/25/2025
9/27/2027
9/27/2028
9/25/2029
9/25/2030

2,379 (SARs)
8,243 (SARs)
13,765 (SARs)
8,161 (SARs)

1,148 (SARs)
3,979 (SARs)
6,645 (SARs)

1,641 (SARs)
5,684 (SARs)
10,089 (SARs)

107.42 
228.04 
286.13
236.15 
225.26 

9/25/2025
9/27/2027
9/27/2028
9/25/2029
9/25/2030

45

Stock Awards  

Number of Shares
or Units of Stock
That Have Not 
Vested (#)(4)(5) 

Market Value of
Shares or Units
of Stock That
Have Not Vested 
($)(6) 

1,494 
4,150 
4,694 

455,969 
1,266,580 
1,432,609 

957
2,304 
3,403 

957 
2,304 
3,403 

292,076 
703,181 
1,038,596 

292,076 
703,181 
1,038,596 

957 
2,304 
3,403 

292,076 
703,181 
1,038,596 

494 
1,112 
1,643 

679 
1,590 
2,494 

150,769 
339,382 
501,444 

207,231 
485,268 
761,169 

(1) Represents exercisable or unexercisable SARs that vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant, except 
for  the  Premium  SARs  granted  to  Messrs.  Katz  and  Barkin  and  Mmes.  Campbell  and  Lynch  on  September  25,  2020  which  vest  in  full  on  the  first 
anniversary of the date of grant. Upon the exercise of a SAR, the actual number of shares the Company will issue to the NEO is equal to the quotient of
(i) the product of (x) the excess of the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price, multiplied by
(y) the number of SARs exercised, divided by (ii) the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise, less any shares withheld to
cover payment of applicable tax withholding obligations.

(2) The grant dates and vesting dates of each unexercisable SAR award as of July 31, 2021 are as follows:

Name
Robert A. Katz       . . . . . . .

Number of
Unexercisable
SARs  

Grant Date  

3,909  September 27, 2018

Vesting Schedule of
Original Total Grant  
Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

Vesting Date
(date award is
vested in full)  
September 27, 2021

15,218  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

21,371  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

19,156  September 25, 2020

Vests 100% over a one-year period

September 25, 2021

Michael Z. Barkin   . . . . .

2,379  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

8,243  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

13,765  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

8,161  September 25, 2020

Vests 100% over a one-year period

September 25, 2021

Patricia A. Campbell    . . .

2,379  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

8,243  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

13,765  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

8,161  September 25, 2020

Vests 100% over a one-year period

September 25, 2021

Kirsten A. Lynch      . . . . .

2,379  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

8,243  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

13,765  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

8,161  September 25, 2020

Vests 100% over a one-year period

September 25, 2021

James C. O’Donnell       . . .

1,148  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

3,979  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

6,645  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

David T. Shapiro   . . . . . .

1,641  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

5,684  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

10,089  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

(3) The exercise price of each SAR is equal to the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant, except for the Premium SARs granted to Mr. Katz
with exercise prices of $86.23, $108.98, $134.28, $200.70, $285.05, $357.66, and $295.19, which are equal to 125% of the closing price of our common
stock on the date of grant, as well as the Premium SARs granted to Messrs. Katz and Barkin and Mmes. Campbell and Lynch on September 25, 2020, 
with an exercises price of $247.79, which is equal to 110% of the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.

(4) Represents unvested RSUs that, unless otherwise specifically noted in footnote 5 below, vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first 

anniversary of the date of grant.

(5) The grant dates and vesting dates of RSUs that have not vested as of July 31, 2021 are as follows:

46

Name
Robert A. Katz    . . . . . . .

Number of
Unvested RSUs  

Grant Date  

1,494  September 27, 2018

Vesting Schedule of
Original Total Grant  
Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

Vesting Date
(date award is
vested in full)  
September 27, 2021

4,150  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

4,694  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

Michael Z. Barkin       . . . .

957  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

2,304  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

3,403  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

Patricia A. Campbell   . .

957  September 27, 2018

2,304  September 25, 2019

3,403  September 25, 2020

Kirsten A. Lynch     . . . . .

957  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.
Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.
Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

September 25, 2022

September 25, 2023

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

2,304  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

James C. O’Donnell      . . .

494  September 27, 2018

3,403  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.
Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

September 27, 2021

1,112  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

1,643  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

David T. Shapiro     . . . . .

679  September 27, 2018

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 27, 2021

1,590  September 25, 2019

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2022

2,494  September 25, 2020

Equal annual installments over a three-year period beginning 
on anniversary of the date of grant.

September 25, 2023

(6) The fair market value of these unvested RSU awards was determined based on the closing price of our common stock of $305.20 per share on July 31,

2021, multiplied by the number of units.

OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED IN FISCAL 2021

The following table shows for fiscal 2021 certain information regarding SAR exercises and stock vested during the last 

fiscal year with respect to the NEOs:

Name
Robert A. Katz
Michael Z. Barkin
Patricia A. Campbell
Kirsten A. Lynch
James C. O’Donnell
David T. Shapiro

 Option Awards 

Stock Awards 

Number of
Shares Acquired on
Exercise(#)(1)

Value
Realized on 
Exercise($)(2) 

Number of
Shares Acquired on
Vesting(#)(1) 

Value
Realized on 
Vesting($)(4) 

201,166 
11,860 
53,052 
32,326 
4,973 
— 

52,124,122   (3) 
2,268,005 
11,237,611 
6,521,640 
421,856 
— 

5,769 
3,062 
2,959 
2,959 
1,429 
2,014 

1,299,525 
689,746 
666,544 
666,544 
321,897 
453,674 

(1) Represents the aggregate number of shares acquired on vesting or exercise, as applicable. The amounts shown do not reflect amounts withheld by the 

Company to satisfy tax withholding requirements or to satisfy the exercise price.

(2) The  aggregate  dollar  value  realized  upon  the  exercise  of  options/SARs  was  computed  by  multiplying  the  difference  between  the  market  price  of  the

Company’s common stock on the exercise date and the exercise price for the award by the number of awards exercised.

(3) As stated in the Company’s press release dated June 10, 2021, Mr. Katz exercised various SAR awards that were approaching their expiration date and 
donated the proceeds received from the sale of shares to his family's charitable trust and foundation, which amount represented the full after-tax proceeds
Mr. Katz received from such exercises.

(4) The  aggregate  dollar  value  realized  on  the  vesting  of  RSUs  was  computed  by  multiplying  the  closing  price  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  on  the 

vesting date by the number of shares vested.

47

PENSION BENEFITS

The Company does not provide pension benefits or a defined contribution plan to the NEOs other than the Company’s 

tax-qualified 401(k) plan.

48

NONQUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION FOR FISCAL 2021

The following table shows for fiscal 2021 certain information regarding nonqualified deferred compensation benefits for 

the NEOs:

Name 
Robert A. Katz
Michael Z. Barkin
Patricia A. Campbell
Kirsten A. Lynch
James C. O’Donnell
David T. Shapiro

Executive
Contributions
in Last FY($)(1) 

Registrant
Contributions
in Last FY($) 

Aggregate
Earnings
in Last FY($)(2) 

Aggregate
Withdrawals/
Distributions($) 

Aggregate
Balance
at Last FYE($)(3) 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
2,225 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
10,211 
— 
— 
— 

(1) Represents amount deferred during fiscal 2021, if any, which is reported as compensation to the NEO in the Summary Compensation Table. Although no

amounts were deferred during fiscal 2021 for any NEO, Ms. Campbell made contributions prior to fiscal 2021.

(2) None of the amounts set forth are reported in the Summary Compensation Table because above-market or preferential earnings are not available under the

plan.

(3) This amount reflects actual amounts reported and does not include accumulated earnings, withdrawals or distributions.

On September 15, 2000, Vail Associates, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, which we refer to in
this  section  of  the  proxy  statement  as  the  Employer,  adopted  a  Deferred  Compensation  Plan,  which  we  refer  to  as  the 
Grandfathered  Plan,  for  the  benefit  of  a  select  group  of  management  or  highly  compensated  employees,  or  participants.  The 
Grandfathered  Plan  is  not  tax  qualified.  Section  409A  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code,  enacted  as  part  of  the  American  Jobs 
Creation Act of 2004, sets forth specific tax requirements related to nonqualified deferred compensation plans, including the 
Grandfathered Plan. Rules under Section 409A were effective for nonqualified deferrals of compensation after December 31, 
2004. As a result, after December 31, 2004, no new contributions were accepted into the Grandfathered Plan.

Effective  January  1,  2005,  the  Employer  began  operating  a  new  nonqualified  deferred  compensation  plan  designed  to 
comply with Section 409A, which we refer to as the Plan. The Plan provides for two classes of participants. Class 1 participants 
may contribute to the Plan up to 95% of their base pay and up to 95% of any Employer-paid bonus. Class 2 participants may 
defer only an amount of base pay equal to any 401(k) compliance test refund. Effective January 1, 2007, all participants became 
eligible to defer up to 80% of their base salary (including an amount of base pay equal to any 401(k) compliance test refund) 
and  100%  of  any  Employer-paid  bonus.  Members  of  the  Board  may  contribute  up  to  100%  of  their  director  fees.  All 
contributions  made  by  participants  are  100%  vested.  The  Employer  may,  on  an  annual  basis,  elect  to  make  matching  and/or 
discretionary  employer  contributions,  although  to  date,  the  Employer  has  not  made  any  such  contributions.  Matching  and 
discretionary contributions vest as determined by the Employer or the Plan’s administrative committee, which we refer to in this 
section  of  the  proxy  statement  as  the  Plan  Committee.  The  Employer  or  the  Plan  Committee  may  accelerate  the  vesting  on 
matching and/or discretionary Employer contributions at any time, and accelerated vesting will generally occur automatically 
upon a change in control as defined in Section 409A.

Under the Plan, all contributions for a Plan year are allocated among the following two types of accounts at the election 
of the Participant: Separation from Service accounts and Scheduled Distribution accounts. Separation from Service accounts are 
generally payable in a lump sum or installments six months following the termination of a Participant’s employment. Scheduled 
Distribution accounts are generally payable as a lump sum at a designated date at least three years from the year of deferral. 
Participants  have  limited  rights  to  delay  distributions  from  either  type  of  account,  provided  that  the  election  to  delay  a 
distribution (i) is made at least twelve months prior to the date the distribution would otherwise have been made, and (ii) delays 
the  distribution  for  at  least  five  years.  All  accounts  are  payable  immediately  upon  the  Participant’s  disability  or  death. 
Participants generally have the right to receive an early distribution from their accounts only upon an unforeseeable emergency. 
Participants have the right to designate hypothetical investments for their accounts, and their accounts are credited with gains or 
losses in accordance with the Participants’ selections.

All  contributions  are  placed  in  a  rabbi  trust  which  restricts  the  Employer’s  use  of  and  access  to  the  contributions. 
However,  all  money  in  the  rabbi  trust  remains  subject  to  the  Employer’s  general  creditors  in  the  event  of  bankruptcy.  The 
trustee, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., is entitled to invest the trust fund in accordance with guidelines established by the Employer. 
Currently, all assets are invested in a Trust-Owned Life Insurance policy. To the extent that the funds in the trust are insufficient 
to pay Plan benefits, the Employer is required to fund the difference.

49

The Plan Committee is charged with responsibility to select certain mutual funds, insurance company separate accounts, 
indexed  rates  or  other  methods,  which  we  refer  to  as  Measurement  Funds,  for  purposes  of  crediting  or  debiting  additional 
amounts  to  Participants’  account  balances.  Participants  may  elect  one  or  more  of  these  Measurement  Funds  for  purposes  of 
crediting  or  debiting  additional  amounts  to  his  or  her  account  balance.  As  necessary,  the  Plan  Committee  may  discontinue, 
substitute  or  add  a  Measurement  Fund.  Each  such  action  will  take  effect  as  of  the  first  day  of  the  first  calendar  quarter  that 
begins at least thirty days after the day on which the Plan Committee gives Participants advance written notice of such change. 
Participants can change their Measurement Fund allocations daily. The Measurement Funds are valued daily at their net asset 
values.

Using  the  weighted  average  return  methodology,  the  rate  of  return  for  the  Plan,  as  a  weighted  portfolio,  for  the  prior 
twelve-month period ended July 31, 2021 was 22.95%. The rate of return of the S&P 500 for that same period was 40.79%. For 
this purpose, the weighted portfolio is a weighted average percentage allocation based on the Plan sponsor’s liability holdings 
for a given point in time, and the weighted average returns are calculated based on the weights assigned using the returns of the 
underlying funds. Actual account cash balances were not used in calculating this performance. The Plan does not provide for 
the payment of interest based on above-market rates.

POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL

The  employment  agreement  with  Mr.  Katz  and  the  Company’s  executive  severance  policy,  which  applies  to 
Messrs.  Barkin,  O’Donnell  and  Shapiro  and  Mmes.  Campbell  and  Lynch,  require  us  to  provide  certain  compensation  in  the 
event of certain terminations of employment or upon a change in control of the Company. The employment agreement with Mr. 
Katz  and  the  executive  severance  policy  provide  that  the  Company  may  terminate  the  executive  at  any  time  with  or  without 
cause.  However,  if  the  executive’s  employment  is  terminated  without  cause  or  terminated  by  the  executive  for  good  reason, 
then  the  executive  shall  be  entitled,  in  exchange  for  a  signed  release,  to  receive  compensation  in  the  amounts  and  under  the 
circumstances described below. In addition, the forms of equity award agreements used with all of our employees provide for 
the full acceleration of vesting of outstanding SARs, restricted stock and RSUs upon a change in control of the Company. In 
accordance  with  the  employment  agreement  with  Mr.  Katz,  if  he  breaches  the  post-employment  non-competition  or  non-
solicitation covenants to which he is subject under his employment agreement, then he must promptly reimburse the Company 
for any severance payments received from, or payable by, the Company.

The amounts shown in the tables below are estimates of the value of the payments and benefits each of our NEOs, except 
for  Ms.  Campbell,  would  have  been  entitled  to  receive  had  a  termination  event  and/or  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company 
occurred, effective as of July 31, 2021. With respect to Ms. Campbell, as of July 31, 2021, she is employed in the role of Senior 
Advisor - Mountain Division, and in such capacity is no longer serving as an executive officer of the Company.  Further, as 
previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April, 12, 2021, if her employment ends without 
cause prior to June 6, 2023, Ms. Campbell will be entitled to receive a severance payment in the amount of her base salary for a 
period of time which is the lesser of (i) the number of months from the date of termination until June 6, 2023, or (ii) one year.

 Robert A. Katz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Mr.  Katz’s  employment  agreement  provides  that  upon  (i)  the  giving  of  notice  of  non-renewal  of  the  agreement  by  the 
Company or termination of employment by the Company without cause or (ii) termination of employment by Mr. Katz for good 
reason (as defined in the employment agreement), Mr. Katz is entitled to receive certain benefits (so long as he has executed a 
release in connection with his termination), including: (a) two years of then-current base salary payable in a lump sum; (b) a 
prorated  MIP  award  (provided  that  performance  targets  are  met)  for  the  portion  of  the  Company’s  fiscal  year  through  the 
effective date of the termination or non-renewal, payable in lump sum; (c) one year of COBRA premiums for continuation of 
health and dental coverage, payable in a lump sum; and (d) full accelerated vesting of any RSUs, SARs or other equity awards 
held  by  Mr.  Katz.  If,  within  twelve  months  of  the  consummation  of  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company,  (i)  the  Company 
terminates Mr. Katz without cause or gives notice of non-renewal of his agreement or (ii) Mr. Katz terminates his employment 
for good reason, Mr. Katz is entitled to receive (so long as he has executed a release in connection with his termination): (a) two 
years of then-current base salary payable in a lump sum; (b) a prorated MIP award (provided that performance targets are met) 
for the portion of the Company’s fiscal year through the effective date of the termination or non-renewal, payable in lump sum; 
(c) an amount equal to the cash MIP award paid to Mr. Katz in the prior year, payable in lump sum; and (d) to the extent not
already vested, full accelerated vesting of any RSUs, SARs or other equity awards held by Mr. Katz.

50

The following table describes the estimated potential compensation to Mr. Katz upon termination or a change in control 

of the Company:

Executive Benefits and Payments(1)
Base Salary
SAR/RSU Acceleration
MIP Award
Health Insurance

Total

Termination without Cause or
Resignation for Good Reason  
2,004,158 
$ 
5,634,145 
1,002,079 
30,038 
8,670,420 

$ 

Change in Control 
— 
$ 
1,874,881 
— 
— 
1,874,881 

$ 

Termination following
Change in Control(2)  
$ 

2,004,158 
3,759,264 
1,002,079 
— 
6,765,501 

$ 

(1) Assumes  the  following:  (a)  base  salary  equal  to  $1,002,079  is  in  effect  as  of  the  assumed  termination  or  change  in  control  date  of  July  31,  2021; 
(b) executive’s unvested RSUs and SARs at July 31, 2021 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our 
common stock was $305.20) (see footnote 2); and (c) all Company targets under the MIP are met and executive’s pro rata MIP award payable as of the
termination date is the target amount indicated under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards in the Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table above.

(2) Amounts represented are unvested SAR and RSU granted prior to fiscal 2021, which were granted pursuant to previous award agreements.  For equity
awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or
replaced or in the event of a termination without cause within 12 months of a change in control event.

(3) Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for good reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant
to the Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy, except that equity awards 
from fiscal years prior to fiscal 2021 would have already accelerated in full upon the change in control event.

 Michael Z. Barkin, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to the Company’s executive severance policy, Mr. Barkin is entitled to receive severance payments upon certain 
terminations  of  employment.  In  addition,  Mr.  Barkin  is  entitled  to  receive  payments  upon  a  termination  occurring  within  a 
certain period of time following a change in control.

The following table describes the estimated potential compensation to Mr. Barkin upon termination or a change in control 

of the Company:

Executive Benefits and Payments(1)
Base Salary
SAR/RSU Acceleration
MIP Award
Health Insurance

Total

Termination without Cause or
Resignation for Good Reason  
569,250 
$ 
— 
— 
— 
569,250 

$ 

Change in Control(2) 
— 
$ 
1,609,804 
— 
— 
1,609,804 

$ 

Termination following
Change in Control(3)  
569,250 
$ 
2,607,493 
— 
— 
3,176,743 

$ 

(1) Assumes  the  following:  (a)  base  salary  equal  to  $569,250  is  in  effect  as  of  the  assumed  termination  or  change  in  control  date  of  July  31,  2021;
(b) executive’s unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2021 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our 
common stock was $305.20) (see footnote 2); and (c) MIP award payable under the executive severance policy upon a termination following a change in
control is equal to the most recent MIP award paid to the executive.

(2) Amounts represented are unvested SAR and RSU granted prior to fiscal 2021, which were granted pursuant to previous award agreements.  For equity
awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or
replaced or in the event of a termination without cause within 12 months of a change in control event.

(3) Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for good reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant
to the Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy, except that equity awards 
from fiscal years prior to fiscal 2021 would have already accelerated in full upon the change in control event.

Kirsten A. Lynch, Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer

Pursuant to the Company’s executive severance policy, Ms. Lynch is entitled to receive severance payments upon certain 
terminations  of  employment.  In  addition,  Ms.  Lynch  is  entitled  to  receive  payments  upon  a  termination  occurring  within  a 
certain period of time following a change in control.

The following table describes the estimated potential compensation to Ms. Lynch upon termination or a change in control of the 
Company:

51

Executive Benefits and Payments(1)
Base Salary
SAR/RSU Acceleration
MIP Award
Health Insurance

Total

Termination without Cause or
Resignation for Good Reason  
569,250 
$ 
— 
— 
— 
569,250 

$ 

Change in Control(2) 
— 
$ 
1,609,781 
— 
— 
1,609,781 

$ 

Termination following
Change in Control(3)  
569,250 
$ 
2,607,493 
— 
— 
3,176,743 

$ 

(1) Assumes  the  following:  (a)  base  salary  equal  to  $569,250  is  in  effect  as  of  the  assumed  termination  or  change  in  control  date  of  July  31,  2021;
(b) executive’s unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2021 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our 
common stock was $305.20) (see footnote 2); and (c) MIP award payable under the executive severance policy upon a termination following a change in
control is equal to the most recent MIP award paid to the executive.

(2) Amounts represented are unvested SAR and RSU granted prior to fiscal 2021, which were granted pursuant to previous award agreements.  For equity
awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or
replaced or in the event of a termination without cause within 12 months of a change in control event.

(3) Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for good reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant
to the Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy, except that equity awards 
from fiscal years prior to fiscal 2021 would have already accelerated in full upon the change in control event.

James C. O’Donnell, President - Mountain Division

Pursuant  to  the  Company’s  executive  severance  policy,  Mr.  O’Donnell  is  entitled  to  receive  severance  payments  upon 
certain terminations of employment. In addition, Mr. O’Donnell is entitled to receive payments upon a termination occurring 
within a certain period of time following a change in control.

The following table describes the estimated potential compensation to Mr. O’Donnell upon termination or a change in control 
of the Company:

Executive Benefits and Payments(1)
Base Salary
SAR/RSU Acceleration
MIP Award
Health Insurance

Total

Termination without Cause or
Resignation for Good Reason  
500,000 
$ 
— 
— 
— 
500,000 

$ 

Change in Control(2)
— 
$ 
786,794 
— 
— 
786,794 

$ 

Termination following
Change in Control(3)  
500,000 
$ 
1,032,645 
221,203 
— 
1,753,848 

$ 

(1) Assumes  the  following:  (a)  base  salary  equal  to  $500,000  is  in  effect  as  of  the  assumed  termination  or  change  in  control  date  of  July  31,  2021;
(b) executive’s unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2021 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our 
common stock was $305.20) (see footnote 2); and (c) MIP award payable under the executive severance policy upon a termination following a change in
control is equal to the most recent MIP award paid to the executive.

(2) Amounts represented are unvested SAR and RSU granted prior to fiscal 2021, which were granted pursuant to previous award agreements.  For equity
awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or
replaced or in the event of a termination without cause within 12 months of a change in control event.

(3) Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for good reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant
to the Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy, except that equity awards 
from fiscal years prior to fiscal 2021 would have already accelerated in full upon the change in control event.

David T. Shapiro, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Pursuant  to  the  Company’s  executive  severance  policy,  Mr.  Shapiro  is  entitled  to  receive  severance  payments  upon 
certain  terminations  of  employment.  In  addition,  Mr.  Shapiro  is  entitled  to  receive  payments  upon  a  termination  occurring 
within a certain period of time following a change in control.

52

The  following  table  describes  the  estimated  potential  compensation  to  Mr.  Shapiro  upon  termination  or  a  change  in 

control of the Company:

Executive Benefits and Payments(1)
Base Salary
SAR/RSU Acceleration
MIP Award
Health Insurance

Total

Termination without Cause or
Resignation for Good Reason  
517,500 
$ 
— 
— 
— 
517,500 

$ 

Change in Control(2)
$ 

— 
1,116,267 
— 
— 
1,116,267 

$ 

Termination following
Change in Control(3)  
517,500 
$ 
1,567,683 
232,875 
— 
2,318,058 

$ 

(1) Assumes  the  following:  (a)  base  salary  equal  to  $517,500  is  in  effect  as  of  the  assumed  termination  or  change  in  control  date  of  July  31,  2021;
(b) executive’s unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2021 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our 
common stock was $305.20) (see footnote 2); and (c) MIP award payable under the executive severance policy upon a termination following a change in
control is equal to the most recent MIP award paid to the executive.

(2) Amounts represented are unvested SAR and RSU granted prior to fiscal 2021, which were granted pursuant to previous award agreements.  For equity
awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or
replaced or in the event of a termination without cause within 12 months of a change in control event.

(3) Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for good reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant
to the Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy, except that equity awards 
from fiscal years prior to fiscal 2021 would have already accelerated in full upon the change in control event.

SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS

The following table summarizes the Company’s equity compensation plans as of July 31, 2021:

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by 
security holders
Equity compensation plans not approved by 
security holders
Total

(a)
Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights(1)(2)
(in thousands)

(b)
Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights  

(c)
Number of securities remaining 
available for future issuance under
equity compensation plans 
(excluding securities reflected in 
column (a)) (in thousands) 

1,016 

$ 

— 
1,016 

$ 

181.17 

— 
181.17 

2,818 

— 
2,818 

(1)

Includes 143,000 RSUs that are not included in the calculation of the Weighted-Average Exercise Price in column (b).

(2)

Includes  the  gross  number  of  shares  underlying  outstanding  SARs.  Upon  the  exercise  of  a  SAR,  the  actual  number  of  shares  we  will  issue  to  the 
participant is equal the quotient of (i) the product of (x) the excess of the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise over the
exercise  price,  multiplied  by  (y)  the  number  of  SARs  exercised,  divided  by  (ii)  the  per  share  fair  market  value  of  our  common  stock  on  the  date  of
exercise, less any shares withheld to cover payment of applicable tax withholding obligations.

53

  
PAY RATIO DISCLOSURE 

As required by Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 402(u) 
of Regulation S-K (we refer to the statute and the regulation collectively as the “pay ratio rule”), we are providing the ratio of 
the  annual  total  compensation  of  Mr.  Katz,  our  Chief  Executive  Officer,  to  the  annual  total  compensation  of  our  median 
employee.  The pay ratio included in this information is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with the pay 
ratio rule.

To calculate the pay ratio, we determined our median employee as of July 31, 2021, which is the last day of our fiscal 

2020.  On July 31, 2021, we had 13,734 employees, 6,210 of which were year-round employees and 7,524 of which were 
seasonal employees.  

To  identify  the  “median  employee”  for  the  purposes  of  this  disclosure,  we  analyzed,  for  all  of  the  individuals 
employed by us as of July 31, 2021, or as of June 30, 2021 in the case of Australian employees, the compensation that we paid 
to each of those individuals for the 12-month period ending on that date.  We considered each employee’s “compensation” to 
consist of (i) the employee’s total gross earnings for a 12-month period ending on July 31, 2021 or June 30, 2021 (in the case of 
Australia), plus (ii) the estimated amount of the Company’s contributions for that period to the retirement plans in which the 
employee participates based upon the employee’s deferral elections on the date identified.  For our Canadian employees, the 
rate of pay was converted to U.S. Dollars using a conversion rate US$1.0000 to CAD$.8020.  For our Australian employees, the 
rate of pay was converted to U.S. Dollars using a conversion rate of US$1.0000 to AUS$0.7340. No cost-of-living adjustments 
were made.

Total Annual Compensation of our CEO in fiscal 2021 was $3,814,789 and was based on the compensation reportable 

in the Summary Compensation Table according to applicable instructions and interpretations.  When compared to the total 
annual compensation for our median employee of $17,128, this results in a pay ratio of 223:1.

The nature of our operations requires the use of many seasonal and part-time employees who do not work year round, 
and accordingly, we are providing a supplemental disclosure annualizing the compensation of such employees.  To identify the 
“median employee” for purposes of this supplemental disclosure, we analyzed, for all of the individuals employed by use as of 
July  31,  2021,  or  as  of  June  30,  2021  in  the  case  of  Australian  employees,  the  compensation  that  we  paid  to  each  of  those 
individuals for the 12-month period ending on that date.  We considered each employee’s “compensation” to consist of (i) the 
employee’s total gross earnings for the 12-month period ending July 31, 2021 or June 30, 2021 (in the case of Australia), plus 
(ii) the  estimated  amount  of  the  Company’s  contributions  for  that  period  to  the  retirement  plans  in  which  the  employee
participates.    The  compensation  for  seasonal  or  part-time  employees  who  were  not  employed  by  us  for  the  entire  12-month
period  was  annualized  to  reflect  compensation  for  a  comparable  period  (or  2,080  hours  worked  during  the  year).    The  same
Canadian and Australian dollar currency conversion rates as stated above were used for this supplemental disclosure.  No cost-
of-living adjustments were made.

Using the total annual compensation of our CEO in fiscal 2021 of $3,814,789 as presented in the Summary 
Compensation Table, when compared to the total annualized compensation for our median employee as of July 31, 2021 of 
$40,684, this results in a pay ratio of 94:1. 

54

PROPOSAL 2. RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT 
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Audit Committee has selected, and the Board has ratified the selection of, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to serve as 
our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  for  fiscal  2022,  and  has  further  directed  that  management  submit  the 
selection of independent auditors for ratification by the stockholders at the annual meeting. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has 
been the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm since 2002. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP expects to have a 
representative at the annual meeting who will have the opportunity to make a statement and who will be available to answer 
appropriate questions.

Neither the Company’s Bylaws nor other governing documents or law require stockholder ratification of the selection of 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. However, the Audit Committee 
is  submitting  the  selection  of  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  to  the  stockholders  for  ratification  as  a  matter  of  good  corporate 
practice.  If  the  stockholders  fail  to  ratify  the  selection,  the  Audit  Committee  will  reconsider  whether  or  not  to  retain 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. It is understood that even if the selection is ratified, the Audit Committee, in its discretion, may 
direct the appointment of a new independent accounting firm at any time during the year if the Audit Committee believes that 
such a change would be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders.

FEES  BILLED  TO  VAIL  RESORTS  BY  PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS  LLP  DURING  FISCAL  2021  AND 
FISCAL 2020

Audit Fees.    Audit fees (including expenses) billed (or billable) to the Company by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for 
the audit of our annual financial statements included in our Form 10-K and the review of the financial statements included in 
our Forms 10-Q with respect to fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 were $2,873,900 and $2,896,000, respectively. For both fiscal years, 
such fees included fees for PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s examination of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting.

Audit-Related Fees.    There were no audit related fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to fiscal 2021 

and fiscal 2020.

Tax Fees.    Tax fees billed or billable by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to fiscal 2021 were $135,000.  In 
fiscal 2020, there were 178,400 of tax fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.  Such fees for fiscal 2021 were related to 
tax services provided to the Company in connection with international tax compliance.

All Other Fees.    All other fees (including expenses) billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to fiscal 2021 
and fiscal 2020 were $9,000 and $5,100, respectively. Such fees were related to software licensing fees for technical research 
tools.

The Audit Committee determined that the provision of services other than audit services by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

was compatible with maintaining PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s independence.

The Audit Committee has the sole authority to approve all audit engagement fees and terms and pre-approve all audit and 
permissible  non-audit  services  provided  by  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm.  The  Audit 
Committee  has  delegated  authority  to  the  Chair  of  the  Audit  Committee  to  pre-approve  services  between  Audit  Committee 
meetings, which must be reported to the full Audit Committee at its next meeting. Fees for permissible non-audit services that 
are not pre-approved must be less than 5% of total fees paid. For fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020, all of the fees included under the 
headings “Tax Fees” and “All Other Fees” above were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION OF 
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP AS THE COMPANY’S INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC 
ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JULY 31, 2022.

55

PROPOSAL 3. ADVISORY VOTE TO APPROVE EXECUTIVE 
COMPENSATION

As  required  by  Section  14A  of  the  Exchange  Act,  we  are  asking  stockholders  to  approve  an  advisory  resolution, 
commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay” resolution, approving our executive compensation as reported in this proxy statement. 
As  described  in  the  CD&A  section  of  this  proxy  statement,  our  executive  compensation  program  is  designed  to  incentivize 
achievement of short and long-term Company and individual performance. We believe this compensation approach aligns the 
interests of our executive officers with those of our stockholders.

The  Compensation  Committee  has  structured  our  executive  compensation  program  to  achieve  the  following  key 

objectives:

•

•

•

Emphasizing  Pay-for-Performance.    Emphasize  pay-for-performance  by  tying  annual  and  long-term  compensation
incentives to achievement of specified performance objectives or overall stock performance.

Attracting, Retaining and Motivating.  Attract, retain and motivate talented executives who will determine our long-
term success through a program competitive with compensation paid by companies in the same market for executive
talent.

Rewarding  Contributions  and  Creating  Long-Term  Value.    Recognize  and  reward  contributions  of  all  employees,
including  executive  officers,  in  achieving  strategic  goals  and  business  objectives,  while  aligning  the  program  with
stockholder interests.

We encourage stockholders to read the CD&A (as well as the other tables and narrative disclosures included in this proxy 
statement), which describes in more detail how our executive compensation program operates and is designed to achieve our 
compensation objectives, including through the use of annual incentive awards, long-term equity awards, a high percentage of 
compensation that is variable or “at-risk” and performance-based stock awards for our CEO. The Compensation Committee and 
the  Board  believe  that  the  policies  and  procedures  articulated  in  the  CD&A  are  effective  in  achieving  our  goals  and  that  the 
compensation of our named executive officers reported in this proxy statement has supported and contributed to the Company’s 
recent and long-term success and is aligned with the interests of our stockholders.

At the 2020 annual meeting, we submitted a “say-on-pay” resolution to our stockholders. Our stockholders approved this 
proposal with approximately 97% of the votes cast on the proposal voting in favor of the resolution. Because our Board views 
the annual advisory vote as a good corporate governance practice, and because at our 2017 annual meeting approximately 93% 
of  the  votes  cast  on  the  frequency  proposal  were  in  favor  of  an  annual  advisory  vote,  we  are  again  asking  stockholders  to 
approve  the  compensation  of  our  NEOs  as  disclosed  in  this  proxy  statement.    The  Board  currently  believes  that  holding  an 
annual say-on-pay vote is the most appropriate policy for the Company, consistent with the overwhelming preference indicated 
by our stockholders at the 2017 annual meeting. Therefore we expect that the next say on pay vote will occur at the 2022 annual 
meeting of stockholders.   

Accordingly,  the  Board  unanimously  recommends  that  stockholders  approve  the  following  advisory  resolution  at  the 

annual meeting:

“RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the named executive officers of Vail Resorts, Inc., as disclosed pursuant to 
the  rules  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  including  the  CD&A,  compensation  tables  and  related  narrative 
discussion, is hereby APPROVED.”

Although this vote is advisory and is not binding on the Company, the Compensation Committee will take into account 

the outcome of the vote when considering future executive compensation decisions.

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

56

THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

How can stockholders attend the annual meeting?

Due to the continued public health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and to support the health and well-being of our 
stockholders, employees and directors, this year’s annual meeting will be held entirely online.  Only such stockholders as of the 
close  of  business  on  October  12,  2021,  their  proxy  holders,  and  our  invited  guests  may  attend  the  Annual  Meeting.  To 
participate  in  the  virtual  annual  meeting,  visit  www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2021  and  log  in  using  the  16-digit 
control  number  printed  in  the  box  marked  by  the  arrow  on  your  proxy  card.  If  you  encounter  any  difficulties  accessing  the 
virtual  meeting  during  the  check-in  or  course  of  the  annual  meeting,  please  call  844-986-0822  (U.S.)  or  303-562-9302 
(international) for assistance.

What is the agenda for the annual meeting?

The annual meeting will include a discussion of and voting on matters described in the Notice of 2021 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders and Proxy Statement and a brief question and answer session. The question and answer session will be limited 
only  to  questions  relating  to  the  proposals  set  forth  in  the  Notice  and  Proxy  Statement.  We  will  not  be  providing  a  business 
update or answering any business or company performance related questions at the annual meeting as we will be releasing our 
results for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 the following day and holding an investor call to discuss the results at such time. If 
you  wish  to  submit  a  question  relating  to  the  proposals  set  forth  in  the  Notice  and  Proxy  Statement,  immediately  before  or 
during the meeting, log into the virtual meeting platform at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2021, type your question 
into the “Ask a Question” field, and click “Submit.”

What is the difference between a stockholder of record and a “street name” holder?

If your shares of the Company’s common stock are registered directly in your name with the Company’s transfer agent, 

EQ Shareowner Services, then you are a stockholder of record.

If your shares are not held in your name, but rather are held through an intermediary, such as in an account at a brokerage 
firm or by a bank, trustee or other nominee, then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name.” However, as a 
beneficial  owner,  you  have  the  right  to  direct  your  broker  or  other  nominee  regarding  how  to  vote  the  shares  held  in  your 
account.

Who is entitled to vote at or attend the annual meeting?

Holders  of  record  and  street  name  holders  (subject  to  the  requirements  below)  of  our  common  stock  and  the 
Exchangeable Shares (as defined below) as of the close of business on October 12, 2021, which we refer to as the record date, 
are  entitled  to  vote.  On  the  record  date,  we  had  40,449,022  shares  of  common  stock  outstanding  and  33,794  Exchangeable 
Shares outstanding. Each share, including each Exchangeable Share, is entitled to one vote on each item being voted on at the 
annual  meeting.  You  are  entitled  to  attend  the  annual  meeting  only  if  you  were  a  stockholder,  joint  holder  or  holder  of 
Exchangeable Shares as of the record date or you hold a valid proxy for the annual meeting.

 If you are a stockholder of record:

If  you  are  a  stockholder  of  record,  you  may  vote  at  the  virtual  meeting  or  vote  by  proxy.  Whether  or  not  you  plan  to 
attend the annual meeting, we urge you to vote by proxy in advance of the annual meeting over the telephone or on the Internet 
as instructed in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials to ensure your vote is counted.

 If you are a street name holder:

If you are a street name holder, you may not vote your shares at the virtual annual meeting unless you request and obtain 
a valid proxy from your broker or other nominee and follow the instructions on how to attend the virtual meeting. If you want to 
attend  the  virtual  annual  meeting,  but  not  vote  at  the  meeting,  you  must  also  follow  the  instructions  of  your  broker  or  other 
nominee on how to attend the virtual meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend the annual meeting, we urge you to vote by 
proxy or otherwise instruct your nominee how to vote on your behalf in advance of the annual meeting in accordance with the 
instructions provided by your bank, broker, trustee or other nominee.

57

How do I vote my shares?

 If you are a stockholder of record of our common shares:

 By Telephone or the Internet

Stockholders  of  record  can  vote  their  shares  via  telephone  or  the  Internet  as  instructed  in  the  Notice  of  Internet 
Availability of Proxy Materials. The telephone and Internet procedures are designed to authenticate a stockholder’s identity, to 
allow stockholders to vote their shares and confirm that their instructions have been properly recorded.

The telephone and Internet voting facilities will close at 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on December 7, 2021.

 By Mail

Stockholders who elect to vote by mail should request a paper proxy card by telephone or Internet and should complete, 
sign and date their proxy cards and mail them in the pre-addressed envelopes that accompany the delivery of paper proxy cards. 
Proxy cards submitted by mail must be received by the time of the meeting in order for your shares to be voted.     

By Participating in the Virtual Annual Meeting 

  Stockholders  of 

the  virtual  annual  meeting  may  visit 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2021,  log  in  using  the  16-digit  control  number  printed  in  the  box  marked  by  the 
arrow on your proxy card, click on the vote button on the screen and follow the instructions provided.

to  vote  electronically  at 

record  who  wish 

 If you are a street name holder of our common shares:

 By Telephone or the Internet

If your broker or other nominee provides for a means to submit your voting instructions by telephone or the Internet, you 

will be provided with directions on doing so by your broker or other nominee.

 By Mail

Street  name  holders  may  vote  by  mail  by  requesting  a  paper  voting  instruction  card  according  to  the  instructions 

contained in the materials received from your broker or other nominee.

 By Participating in the Virtual Annual Meeting

Street  name  holders  who  wish 

annual  meeting  may  visit 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2021,  log  in  using  the  16-digit  control  number  printed  in  the  box  marked  by  the 
arrow on your proxy card, click on the vote button on the screen and follow the instructions provided.

electronically 

the  virtual 

to  vote 

at 

If you are a holder of record of the Whistler Blackcomb exchangeable shares:

Holders  of  exchangeable  shares,  which  we  refer  to  as  the  “Exchangeable  Shares,”  issued  by  Whistler  Blackcomb 
Holdings,  Inc.  (formerly  known  as  1068877  B.C.  Ltd.),  a  Canadian  subsidiary  of  ours  (“Exchangeco”),  are  receiving  these 
proxy materials in accordance with the provisions of the Exchangeable Shares and the Voting and Exchange Trust Agreement 
(the  “Trust  Agreement”),  dated  as  of  October  16,  2016,  among  the  Company,  1089881  B.C.  Ltd.,  Exchangeco  and 
Computershare  Trust  Company  of  Canada  (the  “Trustee”).    The  Exchangeable  Shares  are  exchangeable  for  shares  of  the 
Company’s common stock on a one-for-one basis.

In accordance with the Trust Agreement, holders of Exchangeable Shares are effectively provided with voting rights for 
each Exchangeable Share that are nearly equivalent to the voting rights applicable to a share of the Company’s common stock, 
and holders are entitled to instruct the Trustee as to how to vote their Exchangeable Shares.  The Trustee holds one share of the 
Company’s preferred stock designated as the “Special Voting Share.”  The Special Voting Share entitles the Trustee to vote on 
matters  in  which  holders  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  are  entitled  to  vote.    The  Special  Voting  Share  is  entitled  to  a 
number  of  votes  equal  to  the  number  of  Exchangeable  Shares  outstanding  on  the  record  date  for  determining  holders  of  the 
Company’s common stock entitled to vote and for which the Trustee has received voting instructions from the holders of such 
Exchangeable  Shares.    The  Special  Voting  Share  shall  vote  together  with  the  holders  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  as  a 
single class. 

In  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  Trust  Agreement,  the  Company  has  undertaken  to  perform  the  obligations  of  the 
Trustee and has authorized Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”) to collect and receive directly the votes from 
the holders of the Exchangeable Shares on its behalf.  Based upon the foregoing, holders of Exchangeable shares are entitled to 
cast  up  to  33,794  votes  at  the  annual  meeting.    However,  Broadridge  will  receive  and  tabulate  each  vote  attached  to  the 

58

Exchangeable Shares only on the basis of instructions received from the holders of record of the Exchangeable Shares.  In the 
absence of instructions from a holder as to voting, Broadridge will not include the Exchangeable Shares held by such holder in 
the vote.

If you are a holder of record of Exchangeable Shares, you can vote your Exchangeable Shares:

By Telephone or the Internet

Holders of Exchangeable Shares of record can vote their shares via telephone or the Internet as instructed in the Notice of 
Internet  Availability  of  Proxy  Materials.  The  telephone  and  Internet  procedures  are  designed  to  authenticate  a  stockholder’s 
identity, to allow stockholders to vote their shares and confirm that their instructions have been properly recorded.

The telephone and Internet voting facilities will close at 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on December 7, 2021.

By Mail

Holders of Exchangeable Shares who elect to vote by mail should request a paper proxy card by telephone or Internet and 
should complete, sign and date their proxy cards and mail them in the pre-addressed envelopes that accompany the delivery of 
paper proxy cards. Proxy cards submitted by mail must be received by the time of the meeting in order for your Exchangeable 
Shares to be voted.

 By Participating in the Virtual Annual Meeting

Holders  of  Exchangeable  Shares  who  wish  to  vote  electronically  at  the  virtual  annual  meeting  may  visit 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2021,  log  in  using  the  16-digit  control  number  printed  in  the  box  marked  by  the 
arrow on your proxy card, click on the vote button on the screen and follow the instructions provided.  You may also instruct 
Broadridge to give a proxy to a designated representative of the Company to exercise such voting rights. 

Only  holders  of  Exchangeable  Shares  whose  names  appear  on  the  records  of  Exchangeco  as  the  registered  holders  of 
Exchangeable  Shares  on  the  record  date  are  entitled  to  exercise  voting  rights  in  respect  of  their  Exchangeable  Shares  at  the 
annual  meeting.    If  on  the  record  date  your  Exchangeable  Shares  were  held  not  in  your  name,  but  rather  in  the  name  of  a 
nominee,  then  you  are  the  beneficial  owner  of  Exchangeable  Shares  held  in  “street  name”  and  these  proxy  materials,  if  you 
have received them, are being forwarded to you by that nominee.  The nominee holding your account is considered to be the 
stockholder of record for purposes of voting your Exchangeable Shares.  As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct 
your nominee on how to vote your Exchangeable Shares in accordance with the instructions provided by your nominee.

Can I change my vote?

If you are a stockholder of record of common stock, you may change your vote at any time prior to the vote at the annual 

meeting by:

•
•

•

providing timely delivery of a later-dated proxy (including by telephone or Internet vote);
providing timely written notice of revocation to our Secretary at 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, Colorado
80021; or
attending the virtual annual meeting and voting electronically.

To be timely, later dated proxy cards and written notices if revocation is submitted by mail, must be received by the time 
of the annual meeting. In order to change your vote by telephone or Internet, you must do so before the telephone and Internet 
voting facilities close at 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on December 7, 2021.

If you are a street name holder of common stock, you may change your vote by timely submitting new voting instructions 
to  your  broker  or  other  nominee  following  the  instructions  they  provided,  or,  if  you  have  obtained  a  valid  proxy  from  your 
broker or other nominee giving you the right to vote your shares, by attending the virtual meeting and voting electronically.

If you are a holder of Exchangeable Shares, you may revoke your voting instructions to Broadridge in accordance with 

the voting direction provided by Broadridge.

How many shares must be present or represented to conduct business at the annual meeting?

The  quorum  requirement  for  holding  the  annual  meeting  and  transacting  business  is  that  holders  of  a  majority  of  the 
issued and outstanding common stock that is entitled to vote must be present virtually or represented by proxy. Both abstentions 
and  broker  non-votes  described  below  are  counted  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  presence  of  a  quorum.  If  there  is  no 
quorum,  the  holders  of  a  majority  of  shares  present  at  the  virtual  meeting  or  represented  by  proxy  may  adjourn  the  annual 
meeting to another date.

59

How are abstentions treated?

Abstentions are counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present. For purposes of determining whether 
the stockholders have approved a matter, abstentions are not treated as votes cast affirmatively or negatively, and therefore do 
not  have  any  effect  on  the  outcome  of  a  matter  to  be  voted  on  at  the  annual  meeting  that  requires  an  affirmative  vote  of  a 
majority of the votes cast by holders of our common stock present virtually or by proxy at the annual meeting. A “majority of 
votes cast” means the number of “FOR” votes exceeds the number of “AGAINST” votes.

What are the voting requirements?

Proposal 1—Election of Directors

In the election of directors named in this proxy statement, you may vote “FOR” one or more of the nominees or your vote 
may  be  “AGAINST”  one  or  more  of  the  nominees.  Alternatively,  you  may  vote  “ABSTAIN”  with  respect  to  one  or  more 
nominees.  You  may  not  cumulate  your  votes  for  the  election  of  directors.  To  be  elected,  each  director  nominee  requires  a 
majority of the votes cast for his or her election, which means that each director nominee must receive more votes cast “FOR” 
than “AGAINST” that director nominee. Abstentions are not treated as voting on this proposal. If stockholders do not elect a 
nominee who is already serving as a director, Delaware law provides that the director would continue to serve on the Board as a 
“holdover  director,”  rather  than  causing  a  vacancy,  until  a  successor  is  duly  elected  or  until  the  director  resigns.  Under  our 
Corporate  Governance  Guidelines  and  as  permitted  by  our  Bylaws,  each  director  has  submitted  an  advance,  contingent 
resignation that the Board may accept if stockholders do not elect the director. In that situation, our Nominating & Governance 
Committee would make a recommendation to the Board about whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether to take 
other action. The Board will promptly publicly disclose its decision regarding the director’s resignation.

Proposal 2—Ratification of Selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

In  the  ratification  of  the  selection  of  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  as  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2022, you may vote “FOR,” “AGAINST” or “ABSTAIN.” This proposal 
requires  the  affirmative  vote  of  a  majority  of  those  shares  present  virtually  or  represented  by  proxy,  entitled  to  vote,  and 
actually voting on the proposal at the annual meeting. Abstentions are not treated as voting on this proposal.

Proposal 3—Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation

In  the  advisory  vote  to  approve  executive  compensation,  you  may  vote  “FOR,”  “AGAINST”  or  “ABSTAIN.”  This 
proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of those shares present virtually or represented by proxy, entitled to vote, 
and actually voting on the proposal at the annual meeting. Abstentions are not treated as voting on this proposal. The vote is 
advisory, and therefore not binding on the Company, the Compensation Committee or the Board. However, the Compensation 
Committee will review the voting results and take them into consideration when making future decisions regarding executive 
compensation as it deems appropriate.

What are “broker non-votes”?

If you hold shares in street name through a broker and do not provide your broker with voting instructions, your shares 
may constitute “broker non-votes.” Generally, broker non-votes occur on a matter when a broker is not permitted to vote on that 
matter without instructions from the beneficial owner and instructions are not given by the beneficial owner. In tabulating the 
voting  result  for  any  particular  proposal,  shares  that  constitute  broker  non-votes  are  considered  present  for  the  purpose  of 
determining a quorum but are not considered entitled to vote or votes cast on that proposal. Thus, a broker non-vote will make a 
quorum more readily attainable, but, broker non-votes will not affect the outcome of any matter being voted on at the annual 
meeting, assuming that a quorum is obtained.

If your shares are held in street name and you do not instruct your broker on how to vote your shares, your brokerage 
firm, in its discretion, may either leave your shares unvoted or vote your shares on “routine” matters. The proposal to ratify the 
selection of our independent registered public accounting firm for the current fiscal year (Proposal 2) is considered a routine 
matter. Under the rules of the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, the election of directors (Proposal 1) and the advisory 
vote to approve executive compensation (Proposal 3) are not considered routine matters and, consequently, without your voting 
instructions, your broker cannot vote your uninstructed shares on these proposals.

Who will serve as inspector of elections?

The inspector of elections will be a representative from Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc.

60

Who will bear the cost of soliciting votes for the annual meeting?

The  Company  is  soliciting  your  proxy,  and  we  will  bear  the  cost  of  soliciting  proxies.  In  addition  to  the  original 
solicitation of proxies, proxies may be solicited personally, by telephone or other means of communication, by our directors and 
employees. Directors and employees will not be paid any additional compensation for soliciting proxies.

We may reimburse brokers holding common stock in their names or in the names of their nominees for their expenses in 

sending proxy material to the beneficial owners of such common stock.

What does it mean if I receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials?

If you receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, it means that you have multiple accounts 
at  the  transfer  agent  or  with  brokers  or  other  nominees.  Please  vote  all  of  your  shares  as  described  herein,  or  follow  the 
instructions received from each broker or other nominee, to ensure that all of your shares are voted.

What if I submit a proxy but do not make specific choices?

If a proxy is voted by telephone or Internet, or is signed and returned by mail without choices specified, in the absence of 
contrary instructions, the shares of common stock represented by such proxy will be voted as recommended by the Board, and 
will be voted in the proxy holders’ discretion as to other matters that may properly come before the annual meeting.

How can I find out the results of the voting at the annual meeting?

Preliminary voting results will be announced at the annual meeting. Final voting results will be reported in a Form 8-K, 

which will be filed with the SEC following the annual meeting.

Annual Meeting Materials

The Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, Notice of Annual Meeting, this proxy statement and the Annual 
Report  have  been  made  available  to  all  stockholders  and  holders  of  Exchangeable  Shares  entitled  to  Notice  of  Internet 
Availability  of  Proxy  Materials  and  entitled  to  vote  at  the  annual  meeting.  The  Annual  Report  is  not  incorporated  into  this 
Proxy Statement and is not considered proxy-soliciting material.

STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS FOR 2022 ANNUAL MEETING

The  deadline  for  stockholders  to  submit  proposals  pursuant  to  Rule  14a-8  of  the  Exchange  Act  for  inclusion  in  the 
Company’s proxy statement and proxy for the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders is June 27, 2022.  Such proposals must be 
received at the Company’s principal executive offices no later than such date.

If  you  wish  to  nominate  a  director  or  submit  a  proposal  for  consideration  at  the  Company’s  2022  annual  meeting  of 
stockholders that is not to be included in next year’s proxy materials, your proposal or nomination must be submitted in writing 
to the Secretary of the Company not later than September 9, 2022 nor earlier than August 10, 2022. You are also advised to 
review  our  Bylaws,  which  contain  additional  requirements  about  advance  notice  of  stockholder  proposals  and  director 
nominations. Such notices must be in accordance with the procedures described in our Bylaws. You can obtain a copy of our 
Bylaws by writing the Secretary at the address shown on the cover of this proxy statement.

HOUSEHOLDING OF PROXY MATERIALS

The  SEC  has  adopted  rules  that  permit  companies  and  intermediaries,  such  as  brokers,  to  satisfy  the  delivery 
requirements  for  proxy  statements  and  annual  reports  with  respect  to  two  or  more  stockholders  sharing  the  same  address  by 
delivering  a  single  proxy  statement  addressed  to  those  stockholders.  This  process,  which  is  commonly  referred  to  as 
“householding,” potentially means extra convenience for stockholders and cost savings for companies.

This year, a number of brokers with account holders who are Company stockholders may be “householding” our proxy 
materials  to  the  extent  such  stockholders  have  given  their  prior  express  or  implied  consent  in  accordance  with  SEC  rules.  A 
single  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy  Materials,  proxy  statement  and  Annual  Report  (if  you  requested  one)  will  be 
delivered  to  multiple  stockholders  sharing  an  address  unless  contrary  instructions  have  been  received  from  the  affected 
stockholders.  Once  you  have  received  notice  from  your  broker  that  they  will  be  “householding”  communications  to  your 
address, “householding” will continue until you are notified otherwise or until you revoke your consent. If, at any time, you no 
longer  wish  to  participate  in  householding  and  would  prefer  to  receive  a  separate  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy 
Materials, proxy statement and Annual Report, please notify your broker to discontinue householding and direct your written 
request  to  receive  a  separate  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy  Materials,  proxy  statement  and  Annual  Report  to  the 

61

Company at: Vail Resorts, Inc., Attention: Investor Relations, 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, Colorado, 80021, or by 
calling  (303)  404-1800.  Stockholders  who  currently  receive  multiple  copies  of  the  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy 
Materials, proxy statement and Annual Report at their address and would like to request householding of their communications 
should contact their broker.

OTHER MATTERS

At the date of this proxy statement, the Board has no knowledge of any business other than that described herein which 
will be presented for consideration at the annual meeting. In the event any other business is presented at the annual meeting, the 
persons named in the enclosed proxy will vote such proxy thereon in accordance with their judgment in the best interests of the 
Company.

October 25, 2021

       A copy of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 is available without 
charge upon written request to: Secretary, Vail Resorts, Inc., 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, Colorado 80021.

David T. Shapiro
Executive Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary

62

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

1934

For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT 
For the transition period from to 

OF 1934

Commission File Number: 001-09614 

Vail Resorts, Inc. 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

51-0291762

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

390 Interlocken Crescent
Broomfield,  Colorado

(Address of principal executive offices)

80021
(Zip Code)

(303)  404-1800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value

Trading Symbol
MTN

Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None
(Title of class)

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  a  well-known  seasoned  issuer,  as  defined  in  Rule  405  of  the  Securities 
Act.  ☒  Yes  ☐  No

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  not  required  to  file  reports  pursuant  to  Section  13  or  Section  15(d)  of  the 
Act.  ☐  Yes  ☒ No 

 
 
 
 
 
Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  (1)  has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
☒  Yes  ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted 
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that 
the registrant was required to submit such files).
☒  Yes  ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller 
reporting  company,  or  an  emerging  growth  company.  See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer,” 
“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

☒
☐

  Accelerated filer
  Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☐
☐
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period 
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 
☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  filed  a  report  on  and  attestation  to  its  management’s  assessment  of  the 
effectiveness  of  its  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C. 
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
☐  Yes  ☒  No 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the 
closing price of $265.96 per share as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape on January 29, 2021 (the last 
business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $10,590,723,478.

As of September 20, 2021, 40,391,129 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions  of  the  registrant’s  definitive  Proxy  Statement  for  its  2021  Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders  to  be  filed  with  the 
Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of July 31, 2021 are incorporated by reference herein into Part III, Items 
10 through 14, of this Annual Report. 

Table of Contents

PART I

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities

Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

PART III

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

PART IV

Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 7A.

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Item 16.

4

20

33

33

36

36

37

38

41

64

66

111

111

112

112

112

112

112

113

113

116

1

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Except for any historical information contained herein, the matters discussed or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K (this “Form 10-K”) contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. 
These statements relate to analyses and other information, available as of the date hereof which are based on forecasts of future 
results  and  estimates  of  amounts  not  yet  determinable.  These  statements  also  relate  to  our  contemplated  future  prospects, 
developments and business strategies.

These  forward-looking  statements  are  identified  by  their  use  of  terms  and  phrases  such  as  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “could,” 
“estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “will” and similar terms and phrases, including references 
to  assumptions.  Although  we  believe  that  our  plans,  intentions  and  expectations  reflected  in  or  suggested  by  such  forward-
looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you that such plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. Important 
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

•

•

•

•
•
•

•
•
•
•
•
•

•
•

•

•

•

•
•

•
•

•
•
•
•

the ultimate duration of COVID-19 and its short-term and long-term impacts on consumer behaviors, the economy 
generally, and our business and results of operations, including the ultimate amount of refunds that we would be 
required to refund to our pass product holders for qualifying circumstances under our Epic Coverage program;
the  willingness  of  our  guests  to  travel  due  to  terrorism,  the  uncertainty  of  military  conflicts  or  outbreaks  of 
contagious diseases (such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic), and the cost and availability of travel options and 
changing consumer preferences or willingness to travel;
prolonged  weakness  in  general  economic  conditions,  including  adverse  effects  on  the  overall  travel  and  leisure 
related industries;
unfavorable weather conditions or the impact of natural disasters;
risks related to interruptions or disruptions of our information technology systems, data security or cyberattacks;
risks  related  to  our  reliance  on  information  technology,  including  our  failure  to  maintain  the  integrity  of  our 
customer or employee data and our ability to adapt to technological developments or industry trends;
the seasonality of our business combined with adverse events that may occur during our peak operating periods; 
competition in our mountain and lodging businesses or with other recreational and leisure activities;
the high fixed cost structure of our business;
our ability to fund resort capital expenditures;
risks related to a disruption in our water supply that would impact our snowmaking capabilities and operations;
our  reliance  on  government  permits  or  approvals  for  our  use  of  public  land  or  to  make  operational  and  capital 
improvements;
risks related to federal, state, local and foreign government laws, rules and regulations;
risks related to changes in security and privacy laws and regulations which could increase our operating costs and 
adversely affect our ability to market our products, properties and services effectively;
risks  related  to  our  workforce,  including  increased  labor  costs,  loss  of  key  personnel  and  our  ability  to  hire  and 
retain a sufficient seasonal workforce;
a deterioration in the quality or reputation of our brands, including our ability to protect our intellectual property 
and the risk of accidents at our mountain resorts;
our  ability  to  successfully  integrate  acquired  businesses,  or  that  acquired  businesses  may  fail  to  perform  in 
accordance with expectations;
risks associated with international operations;
fluctuations  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  where  the  Company  has  foreign  currency  exposure,  primarily  the 
Canadian and Australian dollars, as compared to the U.S. dollar;
changes in tax laws, regulations or interpretations, or adverse determinations by taxing authorities;
risks related to our indebtedness and our ability to satisfy our debt service requirements under our outstanding debt 
including our unsecured senior notes, which could reduce our ability to use our cash flow to fund our operations, 
capital expenditures, future business opportunities and other purposes;
a materially adverse change in our financial condition;
adverse consequences of current or future legal claims; 
changes in accounting judgments and estimates, accounting principles, policies or guidelines; and
other risks and uncertainties included under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this document.

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or any persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by 
these cautionary statements.

2

If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may 
vary  materially  from  those  expected,  estimated  or  projected.  Given  these  uncertainties,  users  of  the  information  included  or 
incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K, including investors and prospective investors, are cautioned not to place undue 
reliance on such forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking 
statements that we make for a number of reasons including those described above and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this 
Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. Except as may be required by law, we do not 
intend  to  update  these  forward-looking  statements,  even  if  new  information,  future  events  or  other  circumstances  have  made 
them incorrect or misleading.

3

PART I 

ITEM 1.

 BUSINESS

General

Vail Resorts, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is referred to throughout this document as “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company.”

Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation,  was  organized  as  a  holding  company  in  1997  and  operates  through  various 
subsidiaries. Our operations are grouped into three business segments: Mountain, Lodging and Real Estate, which represented 
approximately 89%, 11% and 0%, respectively, of our net revenue for our fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 (“Fiscal 2021”). 

As  of  July  31,  2021,  our  Mountain  segment  operates  thirty-seven  world-class  destination  mountain  resorts  and  regional  ski 
areas  (collectively,  our  “Resorts”).  Additionally,  the  Mountain  segment  includes  ancillary  services,  primarily  including  ski 
school, dining and retail/rental operations.

In the Lodging segment, we own and/or manage a collection of luxury hotels and condominiums under our RockResorts brand; 
other strategic lodging properties and a large number of condominiums located in proximity to our North American mountain 
resorts; National Park Service (“NPS”) concessionaire properties including the Grand Teton Lodge Company (“GTLC”), which 
operates  destination  resorts  in  Grand  Teton  National  Park;  a  Colorado  resort  ground  transportation  company  and  mountain 
resort golf courses.

We refer to “Resort” as the combination of the Mountain and Lodging segments. Our Real Estate segment owns, develops and 
sells real estate in and around our resort communities. 

For  financial  information  and  other  information  about  the  Company’s  segments  and  geographic  areas,  see  Item  7. 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 8. “Financial Statements 
and Supplementary Data.” 

COVID-19 Impact

The ongoing impacts of COVID-19 resulted in reduced visitation and decreased spending for the 2020/2021 North American 
ski  season  compared  to  the  prior  year  through  March  14,  2021,  the  date  that  we  closed  our  Resorts  early  for  the  2019/2020 
North  American  ski  season  due  to  the  outbreak  of  COVID-19.  These  declines  were  primarily  driven  by  reduced  demand  for 
out-of-state  and  international  (“Destination”)  visitation  at  our  western  resorts  and  COVID-19  related  capacity  limitations. 
However,  Destination  visitation  improved  as  the  season  progressed.  Whistler  Blackcomb’s  performance  was  negatively 
impacted due to the continued closure of the Canadian border to international guests, including guests from the U.S., and was 
further impacted by the resort closing earlier than expected on March 30, 2021 following a provincial health order issued by the 
government of British Columbia. Two of our Australian ski areas, Mount Hotham and Falls Creek, opened for their 2020 winter 
season on July 6, 2020, but we decided to close them four days later due to a “stay at home” order put in place by the Victorian 
government and specifically for the Melbourne metropolitan area, which represents the majority of visitors for Mount Hotham 
and Falls Creek, as a result of a reemergence of COVID-19 in the region. Our Australian ski areas were also impacted by “stay 
at home” orders and periodic resort closures during their 2021 ski seasons. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant adverse 
impact on our results of operations for Fiscal 2021, and may continue to have a material, negative impact on our resorts for the 
fiscal year ending July 31, 2022 (“Fiscal 2022”).

4

Mountain Segment

In the Mountain segment, the Company operates the following 37 destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas, including 
five resorts within the top ten most visited resorts in the United States for the 2020/2021 North American ski season:

*Denotes  a  destination  mountain  resort,  which  generally  receives  a  meaningful  portion  of  skier  visits  from  long-distance 
travelers, as opposed to our regional ski areas, which tend to generate skier visits predominantly from their respective local 
markets. 

Our  Mountain  segment  derives  revenue  through  the  sale  of  lift  tickets,  including  pass  products,  as  well  as  a  comprehensive 
offering of amenities available to guests, including ski and snowboard lessons, equipment rentals and retail merchandise sales, a 
variety of dining venues, private club operations and other winter and summer recreational activities. In addition to providing 
extensive guest amenities, we also lease some of our owned and leased commercial space to third party operators to add unique 
restaurants and retail stores to the mix of amenities at the base of our resorts.

Many of our destination mountain resorts are year-round mountain resorts that provide a comprehensive resort experience to a 
diverse  clientele  with  an  attractive  demographic  profile.  We  offer  a  broad  complement  of  winter  and  summer  recreational 
activities,  including  skiing,  snowboarding,  snowshoeing,  snowtubing,  sightseeing,  mountain  biking,  guided  hiking,  zip  lines, 
challenge ropes courses, alpine slides, mountain coasters, children’s activities and other recreational activities. Collectively, our 
Resorts are located in close proximity to population centers totaling over 100 million people.

Destination Mountain Resorts

Rocky Mountains (Colorado and Utah Resorts) 

•

•

Breckenridge  Ski  Resort  (“Breckenridge”)  -  the  most  visited  mountain  resort  in  the  United  States  (“U.S.”)  for  the 
2020/2021  ski  season  with  five  interconnected  peaks  offering  an  expansive  variety  of  terrain  for  every  skill  level, 
including access to above tree line intermediate and expert terrain, and progressive and award-winning terrain parks. 

Vail Mountain Resort (“Vail Mountain”) - the second most visited mountain resort in the U.S. for the 2020/2021 ski 
season.  Vail  Mountain  offers  some  of  the  most  expansive  and  varied  terrain  in  North  America  with  approximately 
5,300 skiable acres including seven world renowned back bowls and the resort’s rustic Blue Sky Basin.

5

•

•

•

•

Park City Resort (“Park City”) - the third most visited mountain resort in the U.S. for the 2020/2021 ski season and the 
largest by acreage in the U.S. Park City offers 7,300 acres of skiable terrain for every type of skier and snowboarder 
and offers guests an outstanding ski experience with fine dining, ski school, retail and lodging.

Keystone Resort (“Keystone”) - the fourth most visited mountain resort in the U.S. for the 2020/2021 ski season and 
home to the highly renowned A51 Terrain Park, as well as the largest area of night skiing in Colorado. Keystone also 
offers  guests  a  unique  skiing  opportunity  through  guided  snow  cat  ski  tours  accessing  five  bowls.  Keystone  is  a 
premier  destination  for  families  with  its  “Kidtopia”  program  focused  on  providing  activities  for  kids  on  and  off  the 
mountain. 

Beaver  Creek  Resort  (“Beaver  Creek”)  -  the  tenth  most  visited  mountain  resort  in  the  U.S.  for  the  2020/2021  ski 
season. Beaver Creek is a European-style resort with multiple villages and also includes a world renowned children’s 
ski school program focused on providing a first-class experience with unique amenities such as a dedicated children’s 
gondola.

Crested  Butte  Mountain  Resort  (“Crested  Butte”)  -  located  in  southwest  Colorado  and  includes  over  1,500  skiable 
acres  and  over  3,000  feet  of  vertical  drop.  Crested  Butte  is  known  for  its  historic  town,  iconic  mountain  peaks  and 
legendary skiing and riding terrain.

Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Canada)

• Whistler  Blackcomb  (“Whistler  Blackcomb”)  -  located  in  the  Coast  Mountains  of  British  Columbia,  Canada, 
approximately  85  miles  from  the  Vancouver  International  Airport,  Whistler  Blackcomb  is  the  largest  year-round 
mountain resort in North America, with two mountains connected by the PEAK 2 PEAK gondola, which combined 
offer  over  200  marked  runs,  over  8,000  acres  of  terrain,  14  alpine  bowls,  three  glaciers  and  one  of  the  longest  ski 
seasons in North America. In the summer Whistler Blackcomb offers a variety of activities, including hiking trails, a 
bike park and sightseeing. Whistler Blackcomb is a popular destination for international visitors and was home to the 
2010 Winter Olympics.

Lake Tahoe Resorts

•

•

•

Heavenly Mountain Resort (“Heavenly”) - located near the South Shore of Lake Tahoe with over 4,800 skiable acres, 
Heavenly  straddles  the  border  of  California  and  Nevada  and  offers  unique  and  spectacular  views  of  Lake  Tahoe. 
Heavenly offers great nightlife, including its proximity to several casinos. 

Northstar Resort (“Northstar”) - located near the North Shore of Lake Tahoe, Northstar is the premier luxury mountain 
resort destination near Lake Tahoe which offers premium lodging, a vibrant base area and over 3,000 skiable acres. 
Northstar’s village features high-end shops and restaurants, a conference center and a 9,000 square-foot skating rink.

Kirkwood Mountain Resort (“Kirkwood”) - located about 35 miles southwest of South Lake Tahoe, offering a unique 
location  atop  the  Sierra  Crest,  Kirkwood  is  recognized  for  offering  some  of  the  best  high  alpine  advanced  terrain 
in North America with 2,000 feet of vertical drop and over 2,300 acres of terrain. 

Regional Ski Areas

Our ski resort network allows us to connect guests with drive-to access and destination resort access on a single pass product. 
Building a presence near major metropolitan areas with large populations enables us to drive advance commitment pass product 
sales among a broad array of guests. 

Northeast

We  own  and  operate  eight  regional  ski  areas  in  the  Northeast  that  we  believe  provide  a  compelling  regional  and  local 
connection to guests within driving distance from the New York, Boston and the greater New England markets. Stowe is the 
premier,  high-end  regional  ski  area  in  the  Northeast  offering  outstanding  skiing  and  an  exceptional  base  area  experience. 
Okemo  and  Mount  Snow  are  compelling  regional  destinations  serving  guests  in  the  New  York  metropolitan  area  and 
throughout  New  England.  Hunter  Mountain  is  a  day-trip  ski  area  primarily  serving  the  New  York  metropolitan  area. 
Additionally, we own four ski areas in New Hampshire serving guests throughout New England.

Mid-Atlantic (Pennsylvania)

We own and operate five ski areas in the Mid-Atlantic region serving guests in Philadelphia, Southern New Jersey, Baltimore 
and Washington D.C. Our presence in the region allows us to offer compelling local options and easy overnight weekend and 
holiday trips to our premium Northeast regional ski areas, which are within driving distance from these markets. 

6

Midwest

We own and operate ten ski areas in the Midwest that draw guests from Chicago, Detroit, Minneapolis, St. Louis, Indianapolis, 
Cleveland,  Columbus,  Kansas  City  and  Louisville.  Located  within  close  proximity  to  major  metropolitan  markets,  these  ski 
areas  provide  beginners  with  easy  access  to  beginner  ski  programs  and  offer  night  skiing  for  young  adults  and  families. 
Additionally, the proximity of these ski areas allows for regular usage by avid skiers.

Pacific Northwest (U.S.)

Stevens Pass Resort (“Stevens Pass’’) - acquired in August 2018, Stevens Pass is located less than 85 miles from Seattle and 
sits on the crest of Washington State’s Cascade Range. Stevens Pass offers terrain for all levels across 1,125 acres of skiable 
terrain.

Australia

Australia is an important market for both domestic skiing during the Australian winter and as a source of international visitation 
to  the  Northern  Hemisphere  in  the  Australian  off-season,  with  typically  over  one  million  estimated  Australian  skier  visits 
annually to North America, Europe and Japan. We own three of the five largest ski areas in Australia, which we serve with the 
Epic Australia Pass, an Australian dollar denominated pass product marketed specifically to Australian guests. Perisher, located 
in New South Wales, is the largest ski resort in Australia and targets guests in the Sydney metropolitan area and the broader 
New South Wales market, while Falls Creek and Mount Hotham are two of the largest ski areas in Victoria and target guests in 
the Melbourne metropolitan area and the broader Victoria market. 

Ski Industry/Competition

There  are  approximately  745  ski  areas  in  North  America  with  approximately  460  in  the  U.S.,  ranging  from  small  ski  area 
operations  that  service  day  skiers  to  large  resorts  that  attract  both  day  skiers  and  destination  resort  guests  looking  for  a 
comprehensive vacation experience. During the 2020/2021 North American ski season, combined skier visits for all ski areas in 
North  America  were  approximately  74.5  million,  which  was  lower  than  historical  levels  due  to  the  ongoing  impacts  of 
COVID-19, particularly with regard to Destination visitation. During the 2018/2019 North American ski season (the ski season 
immediately prior to the outbreak of COVID-19), combined skier visits for all ski areas in North America were approximately 
79.7  million.  Our  North  American  Resorts  had  approximately  13.9  million  skier  visits  during  the  2020/2021  ski  season, 
representing approximately 18.7% of North American skier visits.

There is limited opportunity for development of new destination ski resorts due to the limited private lands on which ski areas 
can  be  built,  the  difficulty  in  obtaining  the  appropriate  governmental  approvals  to  build  on  public  lands  and  the  significant 
capital  needed  to  construct  the  necessary  infrastructure.  As  such,  there  have  been  virtually  no  new  destination  ski  resorts  in 
North  America  for  over  40  years,  which  has  allowed  and  should  continue  to  allow  the  best-positioned  destination  resorts  to 
benefit  from  future  industry  growth.  Our  resorts  compete  with  other  major  destination  mountain  resorts,  including,  among 
others,  Aspen  Snowmass,  Copper  Mountain,  Mammoth,  Deer  Valley,  Snowbird,  Squaw  Valley  USA,  Killington,  Sierra  at 
Tahoe, Steamboat, Jackson Hole and Winter Park, as well as other ski areas in Colorado, California, Nevada, Utah, the Pacific 
Northwest, the Northeast, Southwest and British Columbia, Canada, and other destination ski areas worldwide as well as non-
ski  related  vacation  options  and  destinations.  Additionally,  our  pass  products  compete  with  other  multi-resort  frequency  and 
pass products in North America, including the IKON Pass, the Mountain Collective Pass and various regional and local pass 
products.

The ski industry statistics stated in this section have been derived primarily from data published by Colorado Ski Country USA, 
Canadian Ski Council, Kottke National End of Season Surveys as well as other industry publications.

Our Competitive Strengths

Our premier resorts and business model differentiate our Company from the rest of the ski industry. We own and operate some 
of the most iconic, branded destination mountain resorts in geographically diverse and important ski destinations in Colorado, 
Utah, Lake Tahoe and the Pacific Northwest, including British Columbia, Canada. These resorts are complemented by regional 
ski areas in the Northeast, Pacific Northwest, Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions, which are strategically positioned near key 
U.S. population centers, as well as three ski areas in Australia. Through our data-driven marketing analytics and personalized 
marketing  capabilities,  we  target  increased  penetration  of  ski  pass  products,  providing  our  guests  with  a  strong  value 
proposition  in  return  for  guests  committing  to  ski  at  our  resorts  prior  to,  or  very  early  into  the  ski  season,  which  we  believe 
attracts  more  guests  to  our  resorts.  We  believe  we  invest  in  more  capital  improvements  than  our  competitors  and  we  create 
synergies by operating multiple resorts, which enhances our profitability by enabling customers to access our network of resorts 
with  our  pass  products.  Many  of  our  destination  mountain  resorts  located  in  the  U.S.  typically  rank  in  the  most  visited  ski 

7

resorts  in  the  U.S.  (five  of  the  top  ten  for  the  2020/2021  U.S.  ski  season),  and  most  of  our  destination  mountain  resorts 
consistently rank in the top ranked ski resorts in North America according to industry surveys, which we attribute to our ability 
to provide a high-quality experience.

We believe the following factors contribute directly to each Resort’s success:

Exceptional Mountain Experience

• World-Class Mountain Resorts and Integrated Base Resort Areas

Our  mountain  resorts  offer  a  multitude  of  skiing  and  snowboarding  experiences  for  the  beginner,  intermediate, 
advanced and expert levels. Each mountain resort is fully integrated into expansive resort base areas offering a broad 
array of lodging, dining, retail, nightlife and other amenities, some of which we own or manage, to our guests.

•

Snow Conditions

Our Resorts in the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado and Utah, the Sierra Nevada Mountains in Lake Tahoe and the 
Coast Mountains in British Columbia, Canada receive average annual snowfall between 20 and 39 feet. Even in these 
areas which receive abundant snowfall, we have invested in significant snowmaking systems that help provide a more 
consistent experience, especially in the early season. During Fiscal 2020, we completed significant investments in our 
snowmaking systems in Colorado that transformed the early-season terrain experience at Vail, Keystone and Beaver 
Creek.  Our  other  ski  areas  receive  less  snowfall  than  our  western  North  American  mountain  resorts,  but  we  have 
invested  in  snowmaking  operations  at  these  resorts  in  order  to  provide  a  consistent  experience  for  our  guests. 
Additionally,  we  provide  several  hundred  acres  of  groomed  terrain  at  each  of  our  mountain  resorts  with  extensive 
fleets of snow grooming equipment.

•

Lift Service 

We  systematically  upgrade  our  lifts  and  put  in  new  lifts  to  increase  uphill  capacity  and  streamline  skier  traffic  to 
maximize  the  guest  experience.  Discretionary  expenditures  expected  for  calendar  year  2021  include,  among  other 
projects,  several  investments  which  were  previously  deferred  from  calendar  year  2020  as  a  result  of  COVID-19, 
including: 

•

•

•

•

•

the 250-acre lift-served terrain expansion in the McCoy Park area of Beaver Creek; 

a new four-person high speed lift to serve Peak 7 at Breckenridge; 

replacing the four-person Peru lift at Keystone with a six-person high speed chairlift; 

replacing the Peachtree lift at Crested Butte with a new three-person fixed-grip lift; and 

an  upgrade  of  the  four-person  Quantum  lift  at  Okemo  with  a  six-person  high  speed  chairlift,  relocating  the 
existing four-person Quantum lift to replace the Green Ridge three-person fixed-grip chairlift.

In the past several years, we have installed or upgraded several high speed chairlifts and gondolas across our mountain 
resorts, including: 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

upgrading the Daisy and Brooks fixed-grip lifts at Stevens Pass to four-person high-speed lifts; 

upgrading the Teocalli fixed-grip lift at Crested Butte to a four-person high-speed lift; 

installing a new four-person lift at Park City, Over and Out; 

replacing the Leichardt T-bar lift at Perisher with a new four-person lift; 

installing a new 10-person gondola running from the base to the top of Blackcomb Mountain, replacing the 
Wizard and Solar four person chairs with a single state-of-the-art gondola; 

upgrading the four-person Emerald express lift to a high speed six-person lift on Whistler Mountain;

upgrading the three-person fixed grip Catskinner lift to a four-person high speed lift at Blackcomb Mountain;

upgrading the fixed-grip High Meadow lift to a four-person high speed lift at the Canyons area of Park City; 
and
replacing the Galaxy two-person lift with a three-person lift at Heavenly.

•

Terrain Parks

We  are  committed  to  leading  the  industry  in  terrain  park  design,  education  and  events  for  the  growing  segment  of 
freestyle  skiers  and  snowboarders.  Each  of  our  destination  mountain  resorts  has  multiple  terrain  parks  that  include 

8

progressively-challenging  features.  These  park  structures,  coupled  with  freestyle  ski  school  programs,  promote 
systematic learning from basic to professional skills.

Extraordinary Service and Amenities

•

Commitment to the Guest Experience

Our  focus  is  to  provide  quality  service  at  every  touch  point  of  the  guest  journey.  Prior  to  arrival  at  our  mountain 
resorts,  guests  can  receive  personal  assistance  through  our  full-service,  central  reservations  group  and  through  our 
comprehensive  websites  to  book  desired  lodging  accommodations,  lift  tickets  and  pass  products,  ski  school  lessons, 
equipment  rentals,  activities  and  other  resort  services.  Upon  arrival,  our  resort  staff  serve  as  ambassadors  to  engage 
guests,  answer  questions  and  create  a  customer-focused  environment.  We  offer  EpicMix,  an  online  and  mobile 
application that, through radio frequency technology, captures a guest’s activity on the mountain (e.g. number of ski 
days,  vertical  feet  skied  and  chairlift  activity);  allows  a  guest  to  share  his  or  her  experience,  photos  and 
accomplishments with family and friends on social networks; allows guests to access real time lift line wait times; and 
allows our ski school instructors to certify the attainment of certain skills and ski levels. We also offer the world’s first 
digital  mountain  assistant  (“EMMA”),  which  uses  artificial  intelligence  and  natural  language  processing  to  offer 
information on everything from grooming, lift line wait times and parking, in addition to recommendations on rentals, 
lessons and dining options. We have also invested in lift ticket express fulfillment through new mobile technology by 
allowing lift ticket purchasers that buy online to bypass the ticket window. Additionally, we are focused on improving 
the guest ski/snowboard rental experience by eliminating the need for a guest to wait in several lines with the recent 
introduction of a new “pod” concept in several of our high-volume locations. 

We  also  solicit  guest  feedback  through  a  variety  of  surveys  and  results,  which  are  used  to  ensure  high  levels  of 
customer satisfaction, understand trends and develop future resort programs and amenities. We then utilize this guest 
feedback to help us focus our capital spending and operational efforts to the areas of the greatest need.

•

Season Pass & Epic Day Pass Products

We offer a variety of pass products, primarily season pass and Epic Day Pass products, for all of our Resorts that are 
marketed  towards  both  Destination  guests  as  well  as  in-state  and  local  (“Local”)  guests.  These  pass  products  are 
available  for  purchase  prior  to  the  start  of  the  ski  season,  offering  our  guests  a  better  value  in  exchange  for  their 
commitment to ski at our Resorts before the season begins. For the 2020/2021 North American ski season, we reduced 
the  prices  of  our  entire  portfolio  of  pass  products  by  20%.  Our  pass  program  drives  strong  customer  loyalty  and 
mitigates  exposure  to  more  weather  sensitive  guests,  leading  to  greater  revenue  stability  and  allowing  us  to  capture 
valuable guest data. Additionally, our pass product customers typically ski more days each season than those guests 
who do not buy pass products, which leads to additional ancillary spending. In addition, our pass products attract new 
guests to our Resorts. Our pass products generated approximately 61% of our total lift revenue for Fiscal 2021, which 
includes the impact of approximately $120.9 million of pass product revenue which was deferred from Fiscal 2020 and 
recognized primarily in Fiscal 2021 as a result of pass credits that we offered to 2019/2020 pass holders who renewed 
for the 2020/2021 ski season. Sales of pass products are a key component of our overall Mountain segment revenue 
and  help  create  strong  synergies  among  our  Resorts.  Our  pass  products  range  from  providing  access  for  a  certain 
number of days to one or a combination of our Resorts to our Epic Pass, which provides unrestricted and unlimited 
access to all of our Resorts. The Epic Day Pass is a customizable one to seven day pass product purchased in advance 
of the season, for those skiers and riders who expect to ski a certain number of days during the season, and which is 
available in two tiers of resort offerings. All of our various pass product options can be found on our consumer website 
www.snow.com. Information on our websites does not constitute part of this document.

As  part  of  our  continued  strategy  to  drive  pass  product  sales  and  create  a  stronger  connection  between  key  skier 
markets and our iconic destination mountain resorts, we have continued to expand our portfolio of properties in recent 
years. In September 2019, we acquired Peak Resorts, Inc., which added 17 regional ski areas strategically located near 
key  U.S.  population  centers  in  the  Northeast,  Mid-Atlantic  and  Midwest  regions.  In  April  2019,  we  acquired  Falls 
Creek  and  Hotham,  located  in  Victoria,  Australia,  expanding  our  portfolio  of  Australian  ski  resorts  to  complement 
Perisher, which we acquired in June 2015. Stevens Pass in Washington State (acquired in August 2018) is located 85 
miles from Seattle and 250 miles from Whistler Blackcomb, a world-renowned international skiing destination which 
typically receives more than two million skier visits each year. We have also made strategic acquisitions of mountain 
resorts located in the Northeast U.S. recently, including Okemo in Vermont (acquired in September 2018) and Mount 
Sunapee in New Hampshire (both acquired in September 2018). These ski areas are premier, high-end ski destinations 
for  skiers  and  snowboarders  on  the  East  Coast,  which  draw  visitors  from  New  York  City,  Boston  and  the  broader 
Northeast skier population. Additionally, we enter into strategic long-term season pass alliance agreements with third-

9

party mountain resorts including Telluride Ski Resort in Colorado, Sun Valley Resort in Idaho, Snowbasin Resort in 
Utah,  Hakuba  Valley  and  Rusutsu  Resort  in  Japan,  Resorts  of  the  Canadian  Rockies  in  Canada,  Les  3  Vallées  in 
France,  4  Vallées  in  Switzerland,  Skirama  Dolomiti  in  Italy  and  Ski  Arlberg  in  Austria,  which  further  increases  the 
value proposition of our pass products.

For the 2020/2021 North American ski season, we introduced Epic Mountain Rewards, a program which provides pass 
product holders a discount of 20% off on-mountain food and beverage, lodging, group ski school lessons, equipment 
rentals  and  more  at  our  North  American  owned  and  operated  Resorts.  Epic  Mountain  Rewards  is  available  for 
everyone who purchases an Epic Pass, Epic Local Pass, Epic Day Pass, Epic Military Pass and most of our other pass 
products, regardless of whether guests plan to ski one day or every day of the season. Additionally, in April 2020 we 
introduced  Epic  Coverage,  which  is  included  with  the  purchase  of  all  pass  products  for  no  additional  charge.  Epic 
Coverage provides refunds in the event of certain resort closures and certain travel restrictions (e.g. for COVID-19), 
giving pass holders a refund for any portion of the season that is lost due to qualifying circumstances. Additionally, 
Epic Coverage provides a refund for qualifying personal circumstances that were historically covered by our legacy 
pass insurance program, including eligible injuries, job losses and many other personal events.

•

Premier Ski Schools

Our mountain resorts are home to some of the highest quality and most widely recognized ski schools in the industry. 
Through a combination of outstanding training and abundant work opportunities, our ski schools have become home to 
many of the most experienced and credentialed professionals in the business. We complement our instructor staff with 
state-of-the-art  facilities  and  extensive  learning  terrain,  all  with  a  keen  attention  to  guest  needs.  We  offer  a  wide 
variety  of  adult  and  child  group  and  private  lesson  options  with  a  goal  of  creating  lifelong  skiers  and  riders  and 
showcasing to our guests all the terrain our resorts have to offer.

•

Dining

Our  Resorts  provide  a  variety  of  quality  on-mountain  and  base  village  dining  venues,  ranging  from  top-rated  fine 
dining restaurants to trailside express food service outlets. For the 2020/2021 ski season, we operated approximately 
260  dining  venues  at  our  Resorts,  which  were  impacted  by  restrictions  and  limitations  as  a  result  of  the  impacts  of 
COVID-19  and  to  ensure  the  safety  of  our  guests  and  employees,  including  limited  food  options  at  quick-service 
restaurants,  spacing  of  tables  in  seating  areas  to  allow  for  physical  distancing,  and  maintaining  as  much  outdoor 
seating as possible. 

•

Retail/Rental

We have approximately 325 retail/rental locations specializing in sporting goods including ski, snowboard and cycling 
equipment.  In  addition  to  providing  a  major  retail/rental  presence  at  each  of  our  Resorts,  we  also  have  retail/rental 
locations throughout the Colorado Front Range, the San Francisco Bay Area, Salt Lake City and Minneapolis. Many of 
our retail/rental locations near key population centers also offer prime venues for selling our pass products. 

•

On-Mountain Activities

We  are  a  ski  industry  leader  in  providing  comprehensive  destination  vacation  experiences,  including  on-mountain 
activities  designed  to  appeal  to  a  broad  range  of  interests.  During  a  normal  winter  season,  in  addition  to  our 
exceptional  ski  experiences,  guests  can  choose  from  a  variety  of  non-ski  related  activities  such  as  snowtubing, 
snowshoeing,  guided  snowmobile  and  scenic  snow  cat  tours,  backcountry  expeditions,  horse-drawn  sleigh  rides  and 
high altitude dining, although some of these activities were restricted or limited for the most recent winter season to 
ensure  the  safety  of  our  guests  and  employees  as  a  result  of  COVID-19.  During  a  normal  summer  season,  our 
mountain resorts offer non-ski related recreational activities and provide guests with a wide array of options including 
scenic  chairlift  and  gondola  rides,  mountain  biking,  horseback  riding,  guided  hiking,  4x4  Jeep  tours,  and  our  Epic 
Discovery program at Vail Mountain, Heavenly and Breckenridge, although some of these activities were restricted or 
limited for both the 2020 and 2021 summer seasons to ensure the safety of our guests and employees as a result of 
COVID-19.  The  Epic  Discovery  program  encourages  “learn  through  play”  by  featuring  extensive  environmental 
educational elements interspersed between numerous activities, consisting of zip lines, children’s activities, challenge 
ropes courses, tubing, mountain excursions, an alpine slide and alpine coasters.

10

•

Lodging and Real Estate

High quality lodging options are an integral part of providing a complete resort experience. Our owned and managed 
hotels and resorts proximate to our mountain resorts, including six RockResorts branded properties and a significant 
inventory of managed condominium units, provide numerous accommodation options for our mountain resort guests. 
Our recent real estate efforts have primarily focused on the potential to expand our destination bed base and upgrade 
our  resorts  through  the  sale  of  land  parcels  to  third-party  developers,  which  in  turn  provides  opportunity  for  the 
development  of  condominiums,  luxury  hotels,  parking  and  commercial  space  for  restaurants  and  retail  shops.  Our 
Lodging  and  Real  Estate  segments  have  and  continue  to  invest  in  resort  related  assets  and  amenities  or  seek 
opportunities to expand and enhance the overall resort experience.

Lodging Segment

Our  Lodging  segment  includes  owned  and  managed  lodging  properties,  including  those  under  our  luxury  hotel  management 
company, RockResorts; managed condominium units which are in and around our mountain resorts in Colorado, Lake Tahoe, 
Utah, Vermont, New York and British Columbia, Canada; two NPS concessionaire properties in and near Grand Teton National 
Park in Wyoming; a resort ground transportation company in Colorado; and company-owned and operated mountain resort golf 
courses, including five in Colorado; one in Wyoming; one in Lake Tahoe, California; and one in Park City, Utah. For additional 
property details, see Item 2. “Properties”.

The Lodging segment currently includes approximately 5,500 owned and managed hotel rooms and condominium units. Our 
lodging strategy seeks to complement and enhance our mountain resort operations through our ownership or management of 
lodging properties and condominiums proximate to our mountain resorts and selective management of luxury resorts in premier 
destination locations.

In addition to our portfolio of owned and managed luxury resort hotels and other hotels and properties, our lodging business 
also  features  a  Colorado  ground  transportation  company,  which  represents  the  first  point  of  contact  with  many  of  our  guests 
when they arrive by air to Colorado. We offer year-round ground transportation from Denver International Airport and Eagle 
County Airport to the Vail Valley (locations in and around Vail, Beaver Creek, Avon and Edwards), Aspen (locations in and 
around  Aspen  and  Snowmass)  and  Summit  County  (which  includes  Keystone,  Breckenridge,  Copper  Mountain,  Frisco  and 
Silverthorne). 

Lodging Industry/Market

Hotels are categorized by Smith Travel Research, a leading lodging industry research firm, as luxury, upper upscale, upscale, 
mid-price and economy. The service quality and level of accommodations of our RockResorts’ hotels place them in the luxury 
segment, which represents hotels achieving the highest average daily rates (“ADR”) in the industry, and includes such brands as 
the Four Seasons, Ritz-Carlton and Marriott’s Luxury Collection hotels. Our other hotels are categorized in the upper upscale 
and upscale segments of the hotel market. The luxury and upper upscale segments consist of approximately 763,000 rooms at 
approximately 2,400 properties in the U.S. as of July 31, 2021. For Fiscal 2021, our owned hotels, which include a combination 
of  certain  RockResort  hotels  as  well  as  other  hotels  in  proximity  to  our  Resorts,  had  an  overall  ADR  of  $264.83,  a  paid 
occupancy rate of 46.2% and revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) of $122.45, as compared to the upper upscale segment’s 
ADR of $155.53, a paid occupancy rate of 37.8% and RevPAR of $58.85. We believe that this comparison to the upper upscale 
segment is appropriate as our mix of owned hotels include those in the luxury and upper upscale segments, as well as certain of 
our  hotels  that  fall  in  the  upscale  segment.  The  highly  seasonal  nature  of  our  lodging  properties  typically  results  in  lower 
average occupancy as compared to the upper upscale segment of the lodging industry as a whole, although this was not the case 
during Fiscal 2021 as a result of the significant impacts of COVID-19 on the broader lodging industry.

Competition

Competition  in  the  hotel  industry  is  generally  based  on  quality  and  consistency  of  rooms,  restaurants,  meeting  facilities  and 
services,  the  attractiveness  of  locations,  availability  of  a  global  distribution  system  and  price.  Our  properties  compete  within 
their geographic markets with hotels and resorts that include locally-owned independent hotels, as well as facilities owned or 
managed by national and international chains, including such brands as Four Seasons, Hilton, Hyatt, Marriott, Ritz-Carlton and 
Westin.  Our  properties  also  compete  for  convention  and  conference  business  across  the  national  market.  We  believe  we  are 
highly competitive in the resort hotel niche for the following reasons:

•
•

all of our hotels are located in unique, highly desirable resort destinations;
our  hotel  portfolio  has  achieved  some  of  the  most  prestigious  hotel  designations  in  the  world,  including  two 
properties in our portfolio that are currently rated as AAA 4-Diamond; 

11

• many  of  our  hotels  (both  owned  and  managed)  are  designed  to  provide  a  look  that  feels  indigenous  to  their 

surroundings, enhancing the guest’s vacation experience;

•

each of our RockResorts hotels provides the same high level of quality and services, while still providing unique 
characteristics which distinguish the resorts from one another. This appeals to travelers looking for consistency in 
quality and service offerings together with an experience more unique than typically offered by larger luxury hotel 
chains;

• many  of  the  hotels  in  our  portfolio  provide  a  wide  array  of  amenities  available  to  the  guest  such  as  access  to 
world-class ski and golf resorts, spa and fitness facilities, water sports and a number of other outdoor activities, as 
well as highly acclaimed dining options;

•

•

•

conference space with the latest technology is available at most of our hotels. In addition, guests at Keystone can 
use  our  company-owned  Keystone  Conference  Center,  the  largest  conference  facility  in  the  Colorado  Rocky 
Mountain region with more than 100,000 square feet of meeting, exhibit and function space;

we  have  a  central  reservations  system  that  leverages  off  of  our  mountain  resort  reservations  system  and  has  an 
online planning and booking platform, offering our guests a seamless and useful way to make reservations at our 
resorts; and 

we  actively  upgrade  the  quality  of  the  accommodations  and  amenities  available  at  our  hotels  through  capital 
improvements. Capital funding for third-party owned properties is provided by the owners of those properties to 
maintain standards required by our management contracts.

National Park Concessionaire Properties

We own GTLC, which is based in the Jackson Hole area in Wyoming and operates within Grand Teton National Park under a 
concessionaire agreement with the NPS with an initial term that would have expired on December 31, 2021. In June 2021, we 
agreed to an amendment to the agreement extending the term an additional two years, with an expiration date of December 31, 
2023.  We  also  own  Flagg  Ranch,  located  in  Moran,  Wyoming  and  centrally  located  between  Yellowstone  National  Park 
and  Grand  Teton  National  Park  on  the  John  D.  Rockefeller,  Jr.  Memorial  Parkway  (the  “Parkway”).  Flagg  Ranch  operates 
under a concessionaire agreement with the NPS that expires October 31, 2028. GTLC also owns Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis 
Club  (“JHG&TC”),  located  outside  Grand  Teton  National  Park  near  Jackson,  Wyoming.  GTLC’s  operations  within  Grand 
Teton National Park and JHG&TC have operating seasons that generally run from June through the end of September. 

We primarily compete with such companies as Aramark Parks & Resorts, Delaware North Companies Parks & Resorts, Forever 
Resorts  and  Xanterra  Parks  &  Resorts  in  retaining  and  obtaining  NPS  concessionaire  agreements.  Four  full-service 
concessionaires provide accommodations within Grand Teton National Park, including GTLC. In a normal operating season, 
GTLC  offers  three  lodging  options  within  Grand  Teton  National  Park:  Jackson  Lake  Lodge,  a  full-service,  385-room  resort 
with 17,000 square feet of conference facilities; Jenny Lake Lodge, a small, rustically elegant retreat with 37 cabins; and Colter 
Bay  Village,  a  facility  with  166  log  cabins,  66  tent  cabins,  337  campsites  and  a  112-space  recreational  vehicle  park.  GTLC 
offers dining options as extensive as its lodging options, with cafeterias, casual eateries and fine dining establishments. GTLC’s 
resorts provide a wide range of activities for guests to enjoy, including cruises on Jackson Lake, boat rentals, horseback riding, 
guided fishing, float trips, golf and guided Grand Teton National Park tours. As a result of the extensive amenities offered, as 
well as the tremendous popularity of the National Park System, GTLC’s accommodations within Grand Teton National Park 
operate near full capacity during their operating season. 

Real Estate Segment

We  have  extensive  holdings  of  real  property  at  our  mountain  resorts  primarily  throughout  Summit  and  Eagle  Counties  in 
Colorado.  Our  real  estate  operations,  through  Vail  Resorts  Development  Company  (“VRDC”),  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary, 
include  planning,  oversight,  infrastructure  improvement,  development,  marketing  and  sale  of  our  real  property  holdings.  In 
addition to the cash flow generated from real estate development sales, these development activities benefit our Mountain and 
Lodging segments by (1) creating additional resort lodging and other resort related facilities and venues (primarily restaurants, 
spas,  commercial  space,  private  mountain  clubs,  skier  services  facilities  and  parking  structures)  that  provide  us  with  the 
opportunity to create new sources of recurring revenue, enhance the guest experience and expand our destination bed base; (2) 
controlling  the  architectural  themes  of  our  resorts;  and  (3)  expanding  our  property  management  and  commercial  leasing 
operations.

The principal activities of our Real Estate segment include the sale of land parcels to third-party developers and planning for 
future  real  estate  development  projects,  including  zoning  and  acquisition  of  applicable  permits.  We  continue  undertaking 
preliminary planning and design work on future projects and are pursuing opportunities with third-party developers rather than 

12

undertaking our own significant vertical development projects. We believe that, due to the low carrying cost of our real estate 
land investments, we are well situated to promote future projects with third-party developers while limiting our financial risk. 

Marketing and Sales

Our  Mountain  segment’s  marketing  and  sales  efforts  are  focused  on  leveraging  marketing  analytics  to  drive  targeted  and 
personalized marketing to our existing and prospective guests. We capture guest data on the vast majority of guest transactions 
through sales of our pass products, our e-commerce platforms including mobile lift ticket sales, the EpicMix application and our 
lift  ticket  windows.  We  promote  our  Resorts  using  guest-centric  omni-channel  marketing  campaigns  leveraging  email,  direct 
mail,  promotional  programs,  digital  marketing  (including  social,  search  and  display)  and  traditional  media  advertising  where 
appropriate  (e.g.  targeted  print,  TV  and  radio).  We  also  have  marketing  programs  directed  at  attracting  groups,  corporate 
meetings  and  convention  business.  Most  of  our  marketing  efforts  drive  traffic  to  our  websites,  where  we  provide  our  guests 
with information regarding each of our Resorts, including services and amenities, reservations information, virtual tours and the 
opportunity to book/purchase our full suite of products (e.g. lift access, lodging, ski school, rentals, etc.) for their visits. We also 
enter into strategic alliances with companies to enhance the guest experience at our Resorts, as well as to create opportunities 
for cross-marketing.

For our Lodging segment, we promote our hotels and lodging properties through marketing and sales programs, which include 
marketing directly to many of our guests through our digital channels (search, social and display), promotional programs, and 
print media advertising, all of which are designed to drive traffic to our websites and central reservations call center. We also 
promote  comprehensive  vacation  experiences  through  various  package  offerings  and  promotions  (combining  lodging,  lift 
tickets, ski school lessons, ski rental equipment, transportation and dining). In addition, our hotels have active sales forces to 
generate  conference  and  group  business.  We  market  our  resort  properties  in  conjunction  with  our  mountain  resort  marketing 
efforts where appropriate, given the strong synergies across the two businesses. 

Across both the Mountain and Lodging segments, sales made through our websites and call center allow us to transact directly 
with  our  guests,  which  further  expands  our  customer  base  and  enables  analytics  to  deliver  an  increasingly  guest-centric 
marketing experience. 

Seasonality

Ski  resort  operations  are  highly  seasonal  in  nature,  with  a  typical  ski  season  in  North  America  generally  beginning  in  mid-
November  and  running  through  mid-April.  In  an  effort  to  partially  mitigate  the  concentration  of  our  revenue  in  the  winter 
months  in  North  America,  we  offer  several  non-ski  related  activities  in  the  summer  months  such  as  sightseeing,  mountain 
biking,  guided  hiking,  4x4  Jeep  tours,  golf  (included  in  the  operations  of  the  Lodging  segment)  and  our  Epic  Discovery 
program.  These  activities  also  help  attract  destination  conference  and  group  business  to  our  Resorts  in  our  off-season.  In 
addition,  the  operating  results  of  our  Australian  Resorts,  for  which  the  ski  season  generally  occurs  from  June  through  early 
October, partially counterbalances the concentration of our revenues during this seasonally lower period in North America. 

Our lodging business is also highly seasonal in nature, with peak seasons primarily in the winter months (with the exception of 
GTLC,  Flagg  Ranch,  certain  managed  properties  and  mountain  resort  golf  operations).  We  actively  promote  our  extensive 
conference  facilities  and  have  added  more  off-season  activities  to  help  offset  the  seasonality  of  our  lodging  business. 
Additionally, we operate several golf courses proximate to our Resorts, as described above.

Sustainability & Social Responsibility

Sustainability remains a core philosophy for us. As a company rooted in the great outdoors, we have a unique responsibility to 
protect  and  preserve  the  incredible  environments  in  which  we  operate.  Through  our  corporate  sustainability  and  social 
responsibility program, EpicPromise, we focus on climate change mitigation, resource conservation, and building stronger local 
communities  through  contributions  to  local  non-profit  organizations.  Our  sustainability  efforts  are  diverse  and  touch  nearly 
every area of our operations. In 2017, we launched Commitment to Zero, our pledge to have a zero net operating footprint by 
2030.  This  commitment  includes  (i)  achieving  zero  net  emissions  by  finding  operational  energy  efficiencies,  investing  in 
renewable energy and investing in offsets and other emissions reduction projects, (ii) zero waste to landfill by diverting 100% 
of waste from our operations, and (iii) zero net operating impact to forests and habitat by restoring an acre of forest for every 
acre displaced by our operations. 

As a result of this commitment, Vail Resorts was accepted as the first travel and tourism company into RE100, a collaborative 
initiative uniting more than 300 global and influential businesses committed to 100% renewable electricity. During Fiscal 2021, 
we  continued  to  make  progress  toward  our  Commitment  to  Zero  goals,  despite  operational  adjustments  made  in  response  to 
COVID-19.  Specifically,  we  focused  on  maintaining  our  robust  composting  and  recycling  diversion  programs  as  much  as 

13

possible and started new composting programs at seven resorts. In Colorado and Utah, we drove a pilot project to recycle snack 
wrappers  and  worked  with  strategic  partners  to  create  picnic  tables,  Adirondack  chairs  and  a  terrain  park  feature  made  from 
recycled  wrappers  and  bottles  for  participating  resorts.  The  82-turbine  Plum  Creek  Wind  project  we  enabled  came  online  in 
June  2020,  and  in  Fiscal  2021  we  purchased  approximately  281,000  megawatt  hours  (MWh)  of  wind  energy,  addressing  an 
estimated 85% of the Company’s current electricity use across its 34 North American destination mountain resorts and regional 
ski areas. 

For  over  two  years,  Vail  Resorts  has  worked  with  leaders  from  other  ski  companies  to  develop  an  industry-driven  climate 
commitment.  In  June  2021  we,  alongside  Alterra  Mountain  Company,  Boyne  Resorts,  and  POWDR,  announced  the  Climate 
Collaborative Charter - the ski industry’s first unified effort to combat climate change. This partnership leverages our leadership 
in sustainability and is expected to accelerate our collective progress, leading the industry toward long-term transformational 
change.

In addition, during Fiscal 2021, we sponsored the reforestation of acreage in the White River National Forest in Colorado that 
was  devastated  in  a  2017  wildfire,  which  addressed  100%  of  the  forests  impacted  by  our  operations  over  the  year.  Through 
direct Epic Promise grants and contributions from our $1 guest donation program, we partner with several local environmental 
organizations  to  fund  restoration  projects,  including  the  National  Forest  Foundation,  The  Tahoe  Fund,  Grand  Teton  National 
Park Foundation, Mountain Trails Foundation in Park City and the EnviroFund at Whistler Blackcomb. We also encourage our 
employees to help protect the environment and support their local community by volunteering with various organizations. 

For  Fiscal  2021,  our  focus  for  the  EpicPromise  community  impact  grant  program  was  on  COVID-19  response  in  our  resort 
communities,  including  housing  assistance,  food  security,  equal  access  to  education  and  other  basic  needs  and  services.  In 
addition, we hosted more than 3,000 youth across our resorts through multi-day programs focused on mentorship, leadership 
and the impact of outdoor time on mental health in this unprecedented time. Finally, our EpicPromise Employee Foundation 
(the  “Foundation”),  which  was  established  in  2015,  is  a  charitable  foundation  funded  by  annual  contributions  from  the 
Company,  its  employees  and  its  guests.  The  Foundation  supports  Vail  Resorts’  employees  and  their  families  via  grants  for 
emergency relief and scholarships. Annually more than $1 million in grants and scholarships are provided to help employees in 
times  of  need  or  to  pursue  educational  opportunities.  For  more  information  on  both  the  Foundation  and  our  environmental 
stewardship, visit www.EpicPromise.com. Information on our websites does not constitute part of this document.

Human Capital Management

At  Vail  Resorts,  our  Talent  Philosophy  focuses  on  fully  achieving  our  mission  and  vision  by  ensuring  we  have  the  talent  in 
place  to  deliver  on  our  future  growth  plans.  We  are  truly  passionate  about  our  people,  and  we  are  focused  on  hiring  and 
developing the best talent and building the best teams around them. At fiscal year end, we employed approximately 6,100 year-
round employees. Over the course of our Resorts’ various winter and summer operating seasons in Fiscal 2021, we employed 
approximately  40,200  seasonal  employees.  In  addition,  we  employed  approximately  100  year-round  employees  and  100 
seasonal  employees  on  behalf  of  the  owners  of  our  managed  hotel  properties.  We  consider  our  employee  relations  to  be 
positive.

Our talent philosophy recognizes that people are our most important asset in driving our business growth, and outlines the role 
that leaders play in attracting, developing, engaging and rewarding high performing, high potential talent, including supporting 
them  to  achieve  their  future  career  growth.  Our  talent  management  system  enables  leaders  with  programs  and  tools  to 
effectively  assess,  develop  and  reward  talent  and  includes  regular  Leadership  Talent  Review  and  Assessment  processes  to 
ensure that the caliber and capability of our talent aligns with the sophistication of our business strategies and processes. Our 
executive  team  reviews  talent  strategy  and  succession  planning  frequently,  including  with  our  Board  of  Directors,  to  assess 
current  and  future  talent  needs.  We  have  a  strong  track  record  of  hiring,  developing  and  preparing  high  performing,  high 
potential talent for internal mobility and succession and since 2018, we have nearly doubled our percentage of high performing, 
high  potential  talent  through  performance  management  and  talent  upgrades.  As  a  result,  succession  for  our  senior  leadership 
roles, is primarily sourced through internal talent development and promotion, rather than external hires (72% internal fill rate). 
Over the past twelve months, we announced internal successors for some of the most senior roles in our Company, including 
Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Marketing  Officer,  President  of  the  Mountain  Division,  and  Chief  Operating  Officer  of 
Hospitality and Retail. All of our recent appointments of General Manager and Chief Operating Officers of our Resorts for the 
past three years came from internal succession.

To  ensure  we  are  building  high  performing  teams,  we  encourage  every  employee  at  every  level  within  the  Company  to 
continuously  grow  their  leadership  by  participating  in  on-going  leadership  events  that  build  leadership  capability  and  drive 
aligned leadership expectations to enable business outcomes. We host an annual Leadership Summit that brings together our 
leaders  at  manager  level  and  above  to  build  understanding  and  alignment  to  business  priorities,  explore  emerging  leadership 

14

topics and build connections across our growing global business and organization. We offer ongoing digital leadership series 
discussions led by our CEO for this same population throughout the year and equip leaders to share learnings and insights from 
these  sessions  in  dialogue  with  their  teams  for  the  benefit  of  the  entire  organization.  Our  leadership  philosophy  has  a  very 
strong emphasis on emotional intelligence and a leader’s ability to understand their own impact on others, and shape that impact 
to unlock the potential of their teams.

We offer a broad range of professionally designed leadership development programs for entry level seasonal employees to the 
most senior executives, with differentiated development for our highest performing, highest potential employees who make up 
our long-term leadership succession pipeline. We provide tools and resources for employees of all levels to learn and grow as 
leaders  and  reward  this  as  part  of  our  performance  management  process.  The  Lift,  our  learning  management  system,  gives 
employees access to a library of online learning resources to help them succeed. We also provide access to development tools, 
like the Insights Discovery platform, a behavioral assessment that offers a framework for self-understanding and development. 
Finally,  to  help  employees  navigate  unique  challenges  presented  by  COVID-19,  we  intentionally  invested  in  building  new 
scalable  digital  programs  to  provide  leaders  across  the  company  real-time  capability  to  drive  a  successful  business  recovery, 
including programs focusing on resilience, agility, change leadership, sustainable energy and mental health.

Early on in the COVID crisis, we implemented a continuous listening survey to measure and understand the impact of COVID 
and our response actions on employees, in order to make timely adjustments to maintain strong alignment and focus, and to care 
for the needs of our employees through a challenging and uncertain period. As the winter season progressed and we achieved a 
level of business and organization stability, we broadened our continuous listening survey objectives and approach to focus on 
the drivers of sustainable engagement. 

Vail Resorts Culture

Core to our human capital management strategy is our mission – to create an Experience of a Lifetime for our employees so 
they  can  in  turn  create  an  Experience  of  a  Lifetime  for  our  guests.  We  have  a  values-based  leadership  culture  that  places  a 
premium  on  leader  transparency,  vulnerability  and  authenticity.  We  look  for  people  to  join  Vail  Resorts  who  are  brave, 
passionate and ambitious. As Vail Resorts employees, we hold ourselves accountable for living these seven foundational values 
every day in everything we do: Serve Others, Do Right, Do Good, Be Safe, Have Fun, Be Inclusive and Drive Value. 

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

We  believe  that  diversity,  equity  and  inclusion  (“DEI”)  is  core  to  both  our  company  success  and  the  future  growth  of  our 
industry. At Vail Resorts, one of our core values is “Be Inclusive”, which means that we expect everyone at our Company to be 
welcoming to others, including all races, gender identities, sexual orientations, abilities and other differences.

We have a long history of building gender diversity throughout the Company. Women represent 48% of our corporate senior 
leaders at the director level and above and over 50% of our corporate roles generally. Ten resorts in our portfolio are led by 
women, including three of our five largest resorts (Vail, Beaver Creek and Breckenridge). As of November 1, 2021, five of our 
ten directors will be women and two of our nine executive committee members are women, and our Chief Executive Officer, 
Kirsten Lynch, will be the only woman to head a Fortune 1000 company in travel and leisure. While women currently represent 
only approximately 20% of mountain operations senior leadership roles, we continue to strive to bring more gender diversity to 
these roles, which have historically been male-dominated. We have also developed Women in Leadership programs to foster an 
inclusive culture, and Forbes named us one of America’s Best Employers for Women in both 2019 and 2020.

We are focused on improving racial diversity at Vail Resorts, as well as in our communities and our industry. To that end, we 
are working towards addressing barriers to attracting the best talent from BIPOC communities in order to fuel innovation and 
growth  within  our  Company  and  industry.  We  are  also  incorporating  more  diverse  representation  in  our  marketing  efforts, 
including  more  direct  outreach  to  communities  of  color.  Over  this  past  year,  we  undertook  extensive  efforts  around  DEI, 
including  company-wide  virtual  webinars  bringing  forward  diverse  voices,  DEI  dialogues  with  external  thought  leaders,  and 
online DEI training modules aligned with our “Be Inclusive” value. As part of our commitment to driving sustainable change, 
we are listening and learning as a company, and the Company is part of CEO Action, Colorado Inclusive Economy and Civic 
Alliance.

We require our full-time, year-round employees, as well as certain seasonal employees, to complete annual training as part of 
our  Code  of  Conduct.  This  annual  requirement  includes  training  on  a  variety  of  topics,  including  unconscious  bias  and  anti-
harassment. In Fiscal 2021, the training was completed by 98% of this employee base. Our Code of Conduct states that every 
employee is entitled to work in a respectful environment that is free of harassment, bullying and discrimination.

15

Mountain Safety

The nature of our on-mountain operations comes with inherent safety risks, and the health and safety of our employees is a top 
priority. It is the shared responsibility of every employee to actively participate in creating a safe and secure environment and to 
minimize injuries. To that end, we routinely:

•

•

•

Provide  resources  and  education  to  promote  safe  operating  environments  at  our  resorts,  including  compliance  with 
Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards, as well as to improve overall workplace safety and health. 
This  includes  regular  and  ongoing  safety  training  and  assessments  as  well  as  safety  audits,  and  all  employees  are 
required to take annual slope safety training.
Proactively  assess  risks  to  identify  and  mitigate  unsafe  conditions  and  integrate  learnings  from  incidents  to  prevent 
future occurrences across our network of resorts.
Hire and train a dedicated health and safety team that oversees resort operations as well as highly trained ski patrol 
professionals at each resort.

COVID-19 Safety

The  safety  of  our  employees,  guests  and  resort  communities  has  been  of  utmost  importance  to  us  amidst  the  COVID-19 
pandemic. The vast majority of our corporate employees worked remotely during COVID-19, and we currently plan to re-open 
our corporate office in January 2022. Our mountain operations, retail, lodging and other employees need to be onsite to carry 
out  their  work,  and  as  part  of  our  commitment  to  safety  for  these  employees,  we  took  the  following  actions  associated  with 
COVID-19 safety protocols:

▪

▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪

▪

All employees were required to wear face coverings at all times during the 2020/21 winter season, and we currently 
require face coverings to be worn by employees and guests in any of our indoor spaces.
Employees undergo daily health screenings. 
Employees receive training to ensure compliance with additional health and safety protocols.
Implemented on-site testing for employees.
Implemented procedures to address actual and suspected COVID-19 cases and potential exposure.
High-touch surfaces are frequently cleaned and disinfected with EPA-approved products for COVID.
Enhanced cleaning and disinfecting.
Hand sanitizing stations provided throughout resorts.
Plexiglass  barriers  installed  in  areas  where  physical  distancing  measures  are  more  difficult,  including  points  of 
purchase.
Provided mental health support and access.

We  continue  to  monitor  guidance  from  federal  and  local  health  authorities  in  evaluating  the  need  for  continued  COVID-19 
safety protocols with regard to ongoing operations and as we prepare for the 2021/2022 North American ski season.

Intellectual Property

The development of intellectual property is part of our overall business strategy, and we regard our intellectual property as an 
important  element  of  our  success.  Accordingly,  we  protect  our  intellectual  property  rights  and  seek  to  protect  against  its 
unauthorized  use  through  international,  national  and  state  laws  and  common  law  rights.  We  file  applications  for  and  obtain 
trademark registrations and have filed for patents to protect inventions and will continue to do so where appropriate. We also 
seek  to  maintain  our  trade  secrets  and  confidential  information  by  nondisclosure  policies  and  through  the  use  of  appropriate 
confidentiality agreements and contractual provisions.

In the highly competitive industry in which we operate, trademarks, service marks, trade names and logos are very important in 
the  sales  and  marketing  of  our  pass  products,  destination  mountain  resorts  and  regional  ski  areas,  lodging  properties  and 
services. We seek to register and protect our trademarks, service marks, trade names and logos and have obtained a significant 
number of registrations for those trademarks. We believe our brands have become synonymous in the travel and leisure industry 
with  a  reputation  for  excellence  in  service  and  authentic  hospitality.  Among  other  national  and  international  trademark 
registrations,  the  Company  owns  U.S.  federal  registrations  for  Epic®,  Epic  Pass®,  Vail  Resorts®,  Vail®,  Beaver  Creek®, 
Breckenridge®, Keystone® and Heavenly®. The Company also owns Canadian and U.S. trademark registrations for the Whistler 
Blackcomb® name and logo.

Environmental Compliance and other Laws and Regulations

Our  operations  are  subject  to  federal,  state  and  local  laws  and  regulations  governing  the  environment,  including  laws  and 
regulations  governing  water  and  sewer  discharges,  water  use,  air  emissions,  soil  and  groundwater  contamination,  the 

16

maintenance of underground and aboveground storage tanks, and the disposal of waste and hazardous materials. Examples of 
such  laws  and  regulations  in  the  U.S.  include  the  National  Environmental  Policy  Act  (NEPA),  the  California  Environmental 
Quality Act, and the Vermont Land Use and Development Act. Internationally, we are subject to the Forest and Range Practices 
Act  and  Watershed  Sustainability  Act  in  British  Columbia  as  well  as  the  Environmental  Planning  and  Assessment  Act  1979 
(NSW, Australia) and the Environment Protection Act 1970 and the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 
1999 (Victoria, Australia).

Various  federal,  state,  local  and  provincial  regulations  also  govern  our  resort  operations,  including  liquor  licensing  and  food 
safety regulations applicable to our food and beverage operations and safety standards relating to our lift operations and heli-ski 
operations at Whistler Blackcomb. In addition, each resort is subject to and must comply with state, county, regional and local 
government  land  use  regulations  and  restrictions,  including,  for  example,  employee  housing  ordinances,  zoning  and  density 
restrictions,  noise  ordinances,  and  wildlife,  water  and  air  quality  regulations.  We  believe  that  we  are  in  compliance,  in  all 
material  respects,  with  environmental  and  other  laws  and  regulations.  Compliance  with  such  provisions  has  not  materially 
impacted our capital expenditures, earnings, or competitive position, and we do not anticipate that it will have a material impact 
in the future.

Contracts with Governmental Authorities for Resort Operations

U.S. Forest Service Resorts

The  operations  of  Breckenridge,  Vail  Mountain,  Keystone,  Crested  Butte,  Stevens  Pass,  Heavenly,  Kirkwood,  Mount  Snow, 
Attitash  and  portions  of  Beaver  Creek  and  Wildcat  are  conducted  on  land  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  U.S.  Forest  Service 
(collectively, the “Forest Service Resorts”). The 1986 Ski Area Permit Act (the “1986 Act”) allows the Forest Service to grant 
Term Special Use Permits (each, a “SUP”) for the operation of ski areas and construction of related facilities on National Forest 
lands.  In  November  2011,  the  1986  Act  was  amended  by  the  Ski  Area  Recreational  Opportunity  Enhancement  Act  (the 
“Enhancement Act”) to clarify the Forest Service’s authority to approve facilities primarily for year-round recreation. Under the 
1986 Act, the Forest Service has the authority to review and approve the location, design and construction of improvements in 
the permit area and many operational matters.

Each  individual  national  forest  is  required  by  the  National  Forest  Management  Act  to  develop  and  maintain  a  Land  and 
Resource Management Plan (a “Forest Plan”), which establishes standards and guidelines for the Forest Service to follow and 
consider in reviewing and approving our proposed actions.

Each of the Forest Service Resorts operates under a SUP, and the acreage and expiration date information for each SUP is as 
follows:

Forest Service Resort 

Breckenridge

Vail Mountain
Keystone
Beaver Creek

Heavenly

Mount Snow

Attitash

Wildcat

Kirkwood

Stevens Pass

Crested Butte

Acres

5,702

12,353
8,376
3,849

7,050

894

279

953

2,330

2,443

4,350

Expiration Date

December 31, 2029

December 1, 2031
December 31, 2032
November 8, 2039

May 1, 2042

April 4, 2047

April 4, 2047

November 18, 2050

March 1, 2052

August 31, 2058

September 27, 2058

We anticipate requesting a new SUP for each Forest Service Resort prior to its expiration date as provided by Forest Service 
regulations and the terms of each existing SUP. We are not aware of the Forest Service refusing to issue a new SUP to replace 
an  expiring  SUP  for  a  ski  resort  in  operation  at  the  time  of  expiration.  The  Forest  Service  can  also  terminate  a  SUP  if  it 
determines that termination is required in the public interest. However, to our knowledge, no SUP has ever been terminated by 
the Forest Service over the opposition of the permit holder.

17

Each SUP contains a number of requirements, including indemnifying the Forest Service from third-party claims arising out of 
our operation under the SUP and compliance with applicable laws, such as those relating to water quality and endangered or 
threatened species. For use of the land authorized by the SUPs, we pay a fee to the Forest Service ranging from 1.5% to 4.0% of 
adjusted gross revenue for activities authorized by the SUPs. Included in the calculation are sales from, among other things, lift 
tickets,  pass  products,  ski  school  lessons,  food  and  beverage,  certain  summer  activities,  equipment  rentals  and  retail 
merchandise.

The SUPs may be revised or amended to accommodate changes initiated by us or by the Forest Service to change the permit 
area  or  permitted  uses.  The  Forest  Service  may  amend  a  SUP  if  it  determines  that  such  amendment  is  in  the  public  interest. 
While the Forest Service is required to seek the permit holder’s consent to any amendment, an amendment can be finalized over 
a permit holder’s objection. Permit amendments must be consistent with the Forest Plan and are subject to the provisions of the 
National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), both of which are discussed below.

The 1986 Act requires a Master Development Plan (“MDP”) for each ski area that is granted a SUP, and all improvements that 
we propose to make on National Forest System lands under any of our SUPs must be included in a MDP, which describes the 
existing and proposed facilities, developments and area of activity within the permit area. The MDPs are reviewed by the Forest 
Service for compliance with the Forest Plan and other applicable laws and, if found to be compliant, are accepted by the Forest 
Service.  Notwithstanding  acceptance  by  the  Forest  Service  of  the  conceptual  MDPs,  individual  projects  still  require  separate 
applications and compliance with NEPA and other applicable laws before the Forest Service will approve such projects. We 
update or amend our MDPs for our Forest Service Resorts from time to time. 

Whistler Blackcomb

Whistler  Blackcomb  is  comprised  of  two  mountains:  Whistler  Mountain  and  Blackcomb  Mountain.  Whistler  Mountain  and 
Blackcomb  Mountain  are  located  on  Crown  Land  within  the  traditional  territory  of  the  Squamish  and  Lil’wat  Nations.  The 
relationship between Whistler Blackcomb and Her Majesty, the Queen in Right of British Columbia (the “Province”) is largely 
governed  by  Master  Development  Agreements  (the  “MDAs”)  between  the  Province  and  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited 
Partnership (“Whistler LP”) with respect to Whistler Mountain, and between the Province and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises 
Limited  Partnership  (“Blackcomb  LP”)  with  respect  to  Blackcomb  Mountain.  Together,  Whistler  LP  and  Blackcomb  LP  are 
referred to as the “Partnerships.”

The  MDAs,  which  were  entered  into  in  February  2017,  have  a  term  of  60  years  (expiring  on  February  23,  2077)  and  are 
replaceable for an additional 60 years by option exercisable by the Partnerships after the first 30 years of the initial term. In 
accordance with the MDAs, the Partnerships are obligated to pay annual fees to the Province at a percentage of gross revenues 
related to the operation of certain activities at Whistler Blackcomb.

The MDAs require that each of the mountains be developed, operated and maintained in accordance with its respective master 
plan,  which  contains  requirements  as  to  matters  such  as  trail  design  and  development,  passenger  lift  development  and 
environmental concerns. The MDAs grant a general license to use the Whistler Mountain lands and the Blackcomb Mountain 
lands for the operation and development of Whistler Blackcomb. The MDAs also provide for the granting of specific tenures of 
land owned by the Province to the Whistler LP or the Blackcomb LP, as applicable, by way of rights-of-way, leases or licenses. 
Each Partnership is permitted to develop new improvements to Whistler Mountain or Blackcomb Mountain, as the case may be, 
within standard municipal type development control conditions. We are obligated to indemnify the Province from third-party 
claims arising out of our operations under the MDAs.

Northeast Resorts

Stowe and Okemo operate partially on land that we own and partially on land we lease from the State of Vermont. With respect 
to Stowe, the land we own is on the Spruce Peak side of the resort while the land we lease from the State of Vermont is located 
on Mt. Mansfield in the Mt. Mansfield State Forest. The initial ten year term of the lease commenced in June 1967, and the 
lease provides for eight separate ten year extension options. The current term of the lease extends through June 2027, and there 
are three remaining ten year extension options. With respect to Okemo, we own the Jackson Gore base area land and lease most 
of the skiable terrain from the State of Vermont. The initial ten year term of the lease commenced in December 1963, and the 
lease provides for eight separate ten year extension options. The current term of the lease extends through December 2023, and 
there are three remaining ten year extension options. Under both leases, the land can be used for the development and operation 
of a ski area including ski trails, ski lifts, warming shelters, restaurants and maintenance facilities. For use of the land under the 
leases, we pay a fee to the State of Vermont based on revenue for activities authorized by the lease, such as lift tickets, pass 
products,  food  and  beverage,  summer  activities  and  retail  merchandise.  We  are  obligated  to  indemnify  the  State  of  Vermont 
from third-party claims arising out of our operations under the lease.

18

Mount Sunapee lies within the Mount Sunapee State Park and operates on land that we lease from the State of New Hampshire. 
The initial twenty year term of the lease commenced in July 1998, and the lease provides for three separate ten year extension 
options. The current term of the lease extends through June 2028, and there are two remaining ten year extension options. The 
land  can  be  managed  and  operated  as  a  ski  area  and  summer  recreational  facility,  including  all  of  its  support  activities,  to 
provide year-round outdoor recreation. For use of the land under the lease, we pay a fee to the State of New Hampshire that 
includes both a base fee and a fee based on revenue from activities authorized by the lease, such as lift tickets, pass products, 
food and beverage, summer activities and retail merchandise. We are obligated to indemnify the State of New Hampshire from 
third-party claims arising out of our operations under the lease.

Australian Resorts

Perisher  is  located  in  the  Kosciuszko  National  Park,  the  largest  national  park  in  New  South  Wales,  Australia.  The  resort 
includes four villages (Perisher Valley, Smiggin Holes, Guthega and Blue Cow) and their associated ski fields, as well as the 
site  of  the  Skitube  Alpine  Railway  at  Bullock’s  Flat,  which  is  accredited  in  accordance  with  the  Rail  Safety  National  Law 
(NSW) No. 82a. The Office of Environment and Heritage (“OEH”), an agency of the New South Wales government, which is 
part  of  the  Department  of  Planning  and  Environment,  is  responsible  for  the  protection  and  conservation  of  the  Kosciuszko 
National  Park.  The  National  Parks  and  Wildlife  Act  1974  (NSW)  (“NPW  Act”)  establishes  the  National  Parks  and  Wildlife 
Service and is responsible for the control and management of the Kosciusko National Park.

The  NPW  Act  requires  the  Kosciuszko  National  Park  to  be  managed  in  accordance  with  the  principles  specified  in  that 
legislation, including the provision for sustainable visitor or tourist use and enjoyment that is compatible with the conservation 
of  the  national  park’s  natural  and  cultural  values.  The  legislation  also  authorizes  the  Minister  for  the  Environment  and  the 
Minister  for  Heritage  (the  “Minister”)  to  grant  leases  and  licenses  of  land  within  the  Kosciuszko  National  Park  for  various 
purposes, including for purposes related to sustainable visitor or tourist use and enjoyment. Under this power, the Minister has 
granted  to  Perisher  a  lease  and  a  license  of  specified  land  within  the  Kosciusko  National  Park  until  June  30,  2048,  with  an 
option to renew for an additional period of 20 years. The Minister has also granted Perisher a lease of the parking lot at Perisher 
Valley that expires on December 31, 2025. Subject to certain conditions being met, the lease for the Perisher Valley parking lot 
can  be  extended  until  June  30,  2048,  with  an  option  to  renew  for  a  further  20  years.  The  lease  and  license  provide  for  the 
payment of a minimum annual base rent with periodic increases in base rent over the term, turnover rent payments based on a 
percentage of certain gross revenue, remittance of park user fees and certain other charges, also subject to periodic increases 
over the term.

Falls Creek and Hotham are located in the Alpine National Park in Victoria, Australia. Falls Creek and Hotham both operate on 
Crown land permanently reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 (Vic), with the exception of three small parcels of 
freehold  land  within  the  Hotham  resort  area.  Each  resort  is  subject  to  the  Alpine  Resorts  (Management)  Act  1997  (Vic)  (the 
“ARM  Act”),  which  is  in  place  to  manage  the  development,  promotion,  management  and  use  of  the  resorts  on  a  sustainable 
basis  and  in  a  manner  that  is  compatible  with  the  alpine  environment.  The  ARM  Act  established  the  Alpine  Resorts 
Commission  to  plan  for  the  direction  and  sustainable  growth  of  Victoria’s  five  alpine  resorts  (including  Falls  Creek  and 
Hotham).  This  includes  review  and  coordination  of  the  implementation  of  an  Alpine  Resorts  Strategic  Plan  to  which  Falls 
Creek and Hotham are subject.

The ARM Act also established each of the Falls Creek Resort Management Board and Hotham Resort Management Board (the 
“RMBs”), each of which is appointed by, and responsible to, the Minister for Energy, Environment and Climate Change (the 
“Minister”). The RMBs are responsible for the management and collection of fees for entrance into the Alpine National Park 
and  from  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  ski  resorts.  The  ARM  Act  authorizes  the  RMBs  to  grant  leases  subject  to  Ministerial 
approval, and under this power, the entities operating the Hotham and Falls Creek resorts have each been leased land within the 
Alpine National Park under various long-term leases with differing expiration dates. The main lease for the ski field at Falls 
Creek expires December 31, 2040, while the main lease for the ski field at Hotham expires December 31, 2057. The key ski 
field leases provide for the payment of rent with both a fixed and variable component, a community service charge payable to 
the ARCC and a ski patrol contribution payable to RMBs. At Hotham, we also lease land known as ‘Dinner Plain’ within the 
Alpine National Park which expires on June 30, 2031, with an option to extend for a further 10 years.

The Alpine Resorts (Management) Regulations 2009 (Vic) gives the RMBs the power to declare the snow season, temporarily 
close the resort to entry if there is a significant danger to public safety, determine parts of a resort to which entry is prohibited, 
set aside areas of the resort for public use, parking, driving of vehicles, or landing of aircraft, and determine the areas for cross 
country ski trails, skiing, snowboarding and other snow play activities. 

19

Concessionaire Agreements

GTLC operates three lodging properties, food and beverage services, retail, camping and other services within the Grand Teton 
National Park under a concessionaire agreement with the NPS. Our concessionaire agreement with the NPS for GTLC, which 
had an initial term expiration date of December 31, 2021, was amended in June 2021 to extend the term to December 31, 2023. 
We pay a fee to the NPS of a percentage of the majority of our sales occurring in Grand Teton National Park.

Flagg  Ranch  Company,  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  provides  lodging,  food  and  beverage  services,  retail,  service  station, 
recreation and other services on the Parkway located between Grand Teton National Park and Yellowstone National Park. Our 
concession contract with the NPS for the Parkway expires on October 31, 2028, and we pay a fee to the NPS of a percentage of 
the majority of our sales occurring in the Parkway. 

Prior to expiration of these concession contracts, we will have the opportunity to bid against other prospective concessionaires 
for award of a new contract. The NPS may suspend operations under the concession contract at any time if the NPS determines 
it is necessary to protect visitors or resources within the Grand Teton National Park or during a Federal Government shutdown. 
The  NPS  may  also  terminate  the  concession  contract  for  breach,  following  notice  and  a  15  day  cure  period  or  if  it  believes 
termination is necessary to protect visitors or resources within the Grand Teton National Park.

Available Information

We file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports, including our annual report on Form 10-
K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports pursuant to Section 13(a) or 
15(d)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”).  These  reports,  proxy  statements  and  other 
information are available free of charge on our corporate website www.vailresorts.com as soon as reasonably practicable after 
they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information on our websites does not constitute part of this document. 
Materials filed with or furnished to the SEC are also made available on its website at www.sec.gov. Copies of any materials we 
file with the SEC can be obtained at www.sec.gov or at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, 
D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the public reference room is available by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS.

Our  operations  and  financial  results  are  subject  to  various  risks  and  uncertainties  that  could  adversely  affect  our  financial 
position, results of operations and cash flows. The risks described below should carefully be considered together with the other 
information contained in this report.

Risks Related to Our Business

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had, and could continue to have, a significant negative impact on our financial 
condition  and  operations.  Further,  the  spread  of  COVID-19  has  caused  severe  disruptions  in  the  U.S.  and  global 
economies  and  financial  markets  and  could  potentially  create  widespread  business  continuity  issues  of  an  as  yet 
unknown  magnitude  and  duration.  Any  future  outbreak  of  any  COVID-19  variants  or  any  other  highly  infectious  or 
contagious disease could have a similar impact.

The  outbreak  and  continuing  spread  of  COVID-19  has  disrupted  our  business,  and  has  had  and  could  continue  to  have  a 
significant  negative  impact  on  our  business,  financial  performance  and  condition,  operating  results,  liquidity  and  cash  flows. 
Governmental authorities have issued and continue to issue a variety of mandates in an effort to slow the spread of COVID-19, 
including travel restrictions, border closures, restrictions on public gatherings, occupancy limits, “shelter at home’’ orders and 
advisories,  and  quarantine  requirements.  The  outbreak  of  COVID-19  has  impacted  global  economic  activity  and  caused 
significant  volatility  in  financial  markets,  with  particular  risk  to  the  travel  and  leisure  industry,  which  is  disproportionately 
impacted by travel restrictions and other public health restrictions.

In  response  to  the  continued  challenges  associated  with  the  spread  of  COVID-19,  we  have  had  to  close  certain  Resorts  at 
various  times.  For  example,  on  March  30,  2021,  towards  the  end  of  the  North  American  operating  season  and  following  an 
order from the government of British Columbia as a result of an increase in COVID-19 cases in the region, we closed Whistler 
Blackcomb. Our other North American Resorts were generally operational throughout the 2020/2021 ski season, after closing 
early  in  the  2019/2020  season,  and  were  open  for  2021  summer  activities.  Our  Australian  Resorts  were  open  for  their  2021 
winter season, however there were border closures, travel restrictions and public health orders in place throughout the country 
that impacted visitation to our Australian ski areas and caused periodic Resort closures. We are also monitoring public health 
orders and regulations that affect or may affect our winter operations for the 2021/2022 North American ski season.

20

Our operations continue to be negatively impacted by COVID-19 and associated government mandated restrictions, including 
capacity limitations, border closures and travel restrictions, and mask and social distancing requirements. Additionally, we may 
impose our own COVID-19 related restrictions in addition to what is required by state and local governments in the interest of 
safety  for  our  guests,  employees  and  resort  communities.  Factors  that  could  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  successfully 
operate during the current COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic include:

•

•
•
•
•

•

•
•
•
•

our  ability  to  open  and  keep  open  our  Resorts  during  their  respective  ski  seasons,  including  our  North  American 
Resorts for their upcoming winter season;
our ability to attract and retain guests given the risks, or perceived risks, of gathering in public places; 
changes in consumer preferences during the pandemic;
the willingness of guests to travel or purchase advance commitment products, such as our portfolio of pass products;
existing  or  future  restrictions  imposed  by  governmental  authorities,  including  quarantines,  capacity  limitations, 
vaccination  mandates  for  visitors  from  certain  areas,  and  indoor  dining  or  other  restrictions  that  may  affect  our 
operations or the ability of our guests to return to our Resorts;
actual  or  perceived  deterioration  or  weakness  in  economic  conditions,  unemployment  levels,  the  job  or  housing 
markets, consumer debt levels or consumer confidence, as well as other adverse economic or market conditions due to 
COVID-19 or otherwise, and their collective impacts on demand for travel and leisure;
our ability to incentivize and retain our current employees, and hire sufficient future seasonal employees;
the risk of lawsuits related to COVID-19 or another pandemic;
our ability to access debt and equity capital on attractive terms, or at all; and
the  impact  of  disruption  and  instability  in  the  global  financial  markets  or  deterioration  in  credit  and  financing 
conditions  on  our  access  to  capital  necessary  to  fund  operating  costs,  including  maintenance  capital  spending,  or  to 
address maturing liabilities.

The extent and duration of the impact of COVID-19 on our business, consolidated results of operations, consolidated financial 
position and consolidated cash flows, will depend largely on future developments, including the duration of the virus (including 
any variants, which may be more contagious and/or impact the effectiveness of approved vaccines), vaccination rates in areas 
where  our  Resorts  are  located  or  our  guests  reside,  any  continuing  or  newly  imposed  travel  restrictions  or  vaccination 
requirements in connection with travel, the related impact on factors affecting guest behavior, including consumer confidence 
and spending, and when we will be able to resume normal operations, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. 

COVID-19 continues to present material uncertainty and risk with respect to our business, financial performance and condition, 
operating results, liquidity and cash flows. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business and financial 
results, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the Risk Factors presented in this Annual 
Report  on  Form  10-K,  and  our  subsequent  filings  with  the  SEC.  Any  future  outbreak  of  any  other  highly  infectious  or 
contagious disease could have a similar impact.

Our Epic Coverage program may require us to provide significant refunds to our pass product holders, which would 
result in reduced revenue and also exposes us to the risk of customer complaints and negative perception about our pass 
products.

In  April  2020,  the  Company  introduced  Epic  Coverage,  which  is  included  with  the  purchase  of  all  pass  products  for  no 
additional charge. Epic Coverage offers refunds to pass product holders if certain qualifying personal or Resort closure events 
occur before or during the ski season, subject to express terms and conditions. Accordingly, to the extent that any of our Resorts 
need to be closed for all or specified portions of the ski season (including due to COVID-19), we could be required to provide a 
significant amount of refunds to our pass product holders, subject to express terms and conditions, which could have a material 
negative impact on our financial performance and condition.

The  estimated  amount  of  refunds  reduce  the  amount  of  pass  product  revenue  recognized  by  the  Company.  To  estimate  the 
amount of refunds under Epic Coverage, the Company considers (i) historical claims data for personal events, (ii) provincial, 
state, county and local COVID-19 regulations and public health orders, and (iii) the Company’s operating plans for its Resorts. 
The Company believes the estimates of refunds are reasonable; however, the program is relatively new and there continues to 
be  uncertainty  surrounding  COVID-19,  and  therefore  actual  results  could  vary  materially  from  such  estimates,  and  the 
Company could be required to refund significantly higher amounts than estimated.

Epic Coverage has also resulted in customer complaints and negative perception by customers who believe they are entitled to a 
refund  for  events  that  do  not  qualify  under  the  express  terms  and  conditions  of  the  program.  Any  complaints  posted  by 
customers  on  social  media  platforms,  even  if  inaccurate,  may  harm  our  reputation,  and  may  divert  management’s  time  and 
attention away from other business matters.

21

Leisure travel is particularly susceptible to various factors outside of our control, including terrorism, the uncertainty of 
military conflicts, the cost and availability of travel options and changing consumer preferences or willingness to travel. 

Our  business  is  sensitive  to  the  willingness  of  our  guests  to  travel.  Acts  of  terrorism,  pandemics,  political  events  and 
developments in military conflicts in areas of the world from which we draw our guests could depress the public’s propensity to 
travel and cause severe disruptions in both domestic and international air travel and consumer discretionary spending, which 
could reduce the number of visitors to our Resorts and have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Many of our guests 
travel by air and the impact of higher prices for commercial airline services, availability of air services and willingness of guests 
to travel by air could cause a decrease in visitation by Destination guests to our Resorts. A significant portion of our guests also 
travel by vehicle and higher gasoline prices or willingness of guests to travel generally due to safety or traffic concerns could 
cause  a  decrease  in  visitation  by  guests  who  would  typically  drive  to  our  Resorts.  Higher  cost  of  travel  may  also  affect  the 
amount  that  guests  are  willing  to  spend  at  our  Resorts  and  could  negatively  impact  our  revenue  particularly  for  lodging,  ski 
school, dining and retail/rental.

Additionally, our success depends on our ability to attract visitors to our Resorts. Changes in consumer tastes and preferences, 
particularly those affecting the popularity of skiing and snowboarding, and other social and demographic trends could adversely 
affect the number of skier visits during a ski season. A significant decline in skier visits compared to historical levels would 
have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We are subject to the risk of prolonged weakness in general economic conditions including adverse effects on the overall 
travel and leisure related industries. 

Skiing, travel and tourism are discretionary recreational activities that can entail a relatively high cost of participation and may 
be adversely affected by economic slowdown or recession. Economic conditions in North America, Europe and parts of the rest 
of the world, including high unemployment, erosion of consumer confidence, sovereign debt issues and financial instability in 
the global markets, could have negative effects on the travel and leisure industry and on our results of operations. See “Risks 
Related to Our Business—The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had, and could continue to have, a significant negative impact 
on  our  financial  condition  and  operations.  Further,  the  spread  of  COVID-19  has  caused  severe  disruptions  in  the  U.S.  and 
global  economies  and  financial  markets  and  could  potentially  create  widespread  business  continuity  issues  of  an  as  yet 
unknown  magnitude  and  duration.  Any  future  outbreak  of  any  COVID-19  variants  or  other  highly  infectious  or  contagious 
disease  could  have  a  similar  impact.”  As  a  result  of  these  and  other  economic  uncertainties,  we  have  experienced  and  may 
continue to experience in the future, a change in booking trends including where guest reservations are made much closer to the 
actual date of stay, a decrease in the length of stay, a decrease in consumer spending and/or a decrease in group bookings. We 
cannot predict what further impact these uncertainties may continue to have on overall travel and leisure or more specifically, 
on our guest visitation, guest spending or other related trends and the ultimate impact it will have on our results of operations. 
Additionally, the actual or perceived fear of weakness in the economy could also lead to decreased spending by our guests. This 
could  be  further  exacerbated  by  the  fact  that  we  charge  some  of  the  highest  prices  for  single  day  lift  tickets  and  ancillary 
services in the ski industry; however, we offer pass products, including the Epic Day Pass, that are available at a discount to the 
single day lift ticket prices. In the event of a decrease in visitation and overall guest spending we may decide we need to offer a 
higher amount of discounts and incentives than we have historically, which would adversely impact our operating results. Our 
Resorts also serve as a destination for international guests. To the extent there are material changes in exchange rates relative to 
the U.S. dollar or travel restrictions in place due to COVID-19, it could impact the volume of international visitation, which 
could have a significant impact on our operating results.

We are vulnerable to unfavorable weather conditions and the impact of natural disasters. 

Our ability to attract guests to our Resorts is influenced by weather conditions and by the amount and timing of snowfall during 
the  ski  season.  Unfavorable  weather  conditions  can  adversely  affect  skier  visits  and  our  revenue  and  profits.  Unseasonably 
warm weather may result in inadequate natural snowfall and reduce skiable terrain, which increases the cost of snowmaking and 
could render snowmaking, wholly or partially, ineffective in maintaining quality skiing conditions, including in areas which are 
not accessible by snowmaking equipment. On the other hand, excessive natural snowfall may significantly increase the costs 
incurred to groom trails and may make it difficult for guests to access our mountain Resorts.

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  Resorts  will  receive  seasonal  snowfalls  near  their  historical  averages.  As  an  example  of 
weather  variability,  during  the  2017/2018  North  American  ski  season,  we  experienced  historically  low  snowfall  across  our 
western U.S. Resorts for the first half of the ski season, with snowfall in Vail, Beaver Creek and Park City through January 31, 
2018 at the lowest levels recorded in over 30 years while Tahoe was more than 50% below the 20-year average. Conversely, 
during the 2018/2019 North American ski season, our western U.S. Resorts experienced above-average snowfall while through 
December  31,  2019  for  the  2019/2020  North  American  ski  season,  our  Pacific  Northwest  Resorts  (Whistler  Blackcomb  and 

22

Stevens Pass) experienced the lowest snowfall in over 30 years. During the 2020/2021 North American ski season, snowfall 
levels were well below average at our Colorado, Utah and Tahoe Resorts through the holiday season. Past snowfall levels or 
consistency of snow conditions can impact sales of pass products or other advanced bookings. Additionally, the early season 
snow conditions and skier perceptions of early season snow conditions can influence the momentum and success of the overall 
ski season. Unfavorable weather conditions can adversely affect our Resorts and lodging properties as guests tend to delay or 
postpone vacations if conditions differ from those that are typical at such Resorts for a given season. Although we have created 
geographic diversification to help mitigate the impact of weather variability, there is no way for us to predict future weather 
patterns or the impact that weather patterns may have on our results of operations or visitation.

A severe natural disaster, such as a forest fire, may interrupt our operations, damage our properties, reduce the number of guests 
who visit our Resorts in affected areas and negatively impact our revenue and profitability. Damage to our properties could take 
a long time to repair and there is no guarantee that we would have adequate insurance to cover the costs of repair and recoup 
lost profits. Furthermore, such a disaster may interrupt or impede access to our affected properties or require evacuations and 
may cause visits to our affected properties to decrease for an indefinite period. The ability to attract visitors to our Resorts is 
also influenced by the aesthetics and natural beauty of the outdoor environment where our Resorts are located. A severe forest 
fire or other severe impacts from naturally occurring events could negatively impact the natural beauty of our Resorts and have 
a long-term negative impact on our overall guest visitation as it would take several years for the environment to recover.

Additionally,  there  is  scientific  research  that  emissions  of  greenhouse  gases  continue  to  alter  the  composition  of  the  global 
atmosphere in ways that are affecting and are expected to continue affecting the global climate. The effect of climate change, 
including  any  impact  of  global  warming,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations  as  a  result  of 
increased  weather  variability  and/or  warmer  overall  temperatures,  which  would  likely  adversely  affect  skier  visits  and  our 
revenue and profits.

Cyberattacks or other interruptions to or disruption of our information technology systems and services could disrupt 
our business. 

Our  business  relies  on  the  continuous  operation  of  information  technology  systems  and  services.  Despite  our  efforts,  our 
information networks and systems are vulnerable to service interruptions or to security breaches from inadvertent or intentional 
actions by our employees or vendors, natural disasters, system or equipment malfunctions, power outages, computer viruses or 
intentional attacks by malicious third parties, which could persist undetected for an extended period of time. Any interruption to 
these systems and services could adversely impact our business, including lost revenue, customer claims, damage to reputation, 
litigation, and/or denial or interruption to our processing of transactions and/or the services we provide to customers. We also 
provide information to third party service providers and rely on third party service providers for the provision of information 
technology services. There is a risk that the information held by third parties could be disclosed, otherwise compromised, or 
disrupted. We carry insurance for many of these adverse events, including cyber security insurance, but our insurance coverage 
may not always be sufficient to meet all of our liabilities.

There has been a rise in the number of sophisticated cyberattacks on network and information systems, including ransomware 
attacks that prevent the target from accessing its own data and/or systems until a ransom is paid. As a result, the risks associated 
with  such  an  event  continue  to  increase.  We  have  experienced  cybersecurity  threats  and  incidents,  none  of  which  has  been 
material  to  us  to  date.  We  have  taken,  and  continue  to  take,  steps  to  address  these  concerns  by  implementing  security  and 
internal controls. However, there can be no assurance that a system interruption, security breach or unauthorized access will not 
occur. Cyber threats and attacks are constantly evolving and becoming more sophisticated, which increases the difficulty and 
cost of detecting and defending against them. Cyber threats and attacks can have cascading impacts across networks, systems 
and operations. Any such interruption, breach or unauthorized access to our network or systems, or the networks or systems of 
our vendors, could adversely affect our business operations and result in the loss of critical or sensitive confidential information 
or intellectual property, as well as impact our ability to meet regulatory or compliance obligations, and could result in financial, 
legal, business and reputational harm to us. These events also could result in large expenditures to repair or replace the damaged 
properties, products, services, networks or information systems to protect them from similar events in the future.

Failure  to  maintain  the  integrity  and  security  of  our  internal,  employee  or  guest  data  could  result  in  damages  to  our 
reputation and subject us to costs, fines or lawsuits. 

Our business relies on the use of large volumes of data. We collect and retain guest data, including credit card numbers and 
other  sensitive  personal  information,  for  various  business  purposes,  such  as  processing  transactions,  marketing  and  other 
promotional purposes. We also maintain personal information about our employees. We could make faulty decisions if data is 
inaccurate or incomplete. Maintaining the integrity and security of data can be costly and is critical to our business, and our 
guests and employees have a high expectation that we will adequately protect their personal information. A significant theft, 

23

loss,  loss  of  access  to,  or  fraudulent  use  of  customer,  employee,  or  company  data  held  by  us  or  our  service  providers  could 
adversely impact our reputation, and could result in significant remedial and other expenses, fines, and/or litigation.

Our business is highly seasonal. 

Our mountain and lodging operations are highly seasonal in nature. Peak operating season for our North American Resorts is 
from late November to mid-April, and accordingly, revenue and profits from our mountain and most of our lodging operations 
are substantially lower and historically result in losses from late spring to late fall. Conversely, peak operating seasons for our 
Australian Resorts, GTLC and Flagg Ranch, mountain summer activities (including our Epic Discovery program), sightseeing 
and  our  golf  courses  generally  occur  from  June  to  the  end  of  September.  Revenue  and  profits  generated  by  our  Australian 
Resorts,  GTLC  and  Flagg  Ranch,  mountain  summer  activities/sightseeing  and  golf  peak  season  operations  are  not  nearly 
sufficient to fully offset our off-season losses from our other mountain and lodging operations. For Fiscal 2021, approximately 
82%  of  total  combined  Mountain  and  Lodging  segment  net  revenue  (excluding  Lodging  segment  revenue  associated  with 
reimbursement of payroll costs) was earned during our second and third fiscal quarters. This seasonality is partially mitigated 
by the sale of pass products (which for Fiscal 2021 accounted for approximately 61% of the total lift revenue) predominately 
occurring during the period prior to the start of the ski season as the cash from those sales is collected in advance and revenue is 
mostly  recognized  in  the  second  and  third  quarters.  In  addition,  the  timing  of  major  holidays  and  school  breaks  can  impact 
vacation patterns and therefore visitation at our destination mountain Resorts and regional ski areas. If we were to experience an 
adverse event or realize a significant deterioration in our operating results during our peak periods (our fiscal second and third 
quarters) we would be unable to fully recover any significant declines due to the seasonality of our business (for example, the 
outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic which has resulted in Resort closures). See “Risks Related to Our Business—The ongoing 
COVID-19  pandemic  has  had,  and  could  continue  to  have,  a  significant  negative  impact  on  our  financial  condition  and 
operations.  Further,  the  spread  of  COVID-19  has  caused  severe  disruptions  in  the  U.S.  and  global  economies  and  financial 
markets and could potentially create widespread business continuity issues of an as yet unknown magnitude and duration. Any 
future  outbreak  of  any  COVID-19  variant  or  other  highly  infectious  or  contagious  disease  could  have  a  similar  impact.”. 
Operating  results  for  any  three-month  period  are  not  necessarily  indicative  of  the  results  that  may  be  achieved  for  any 
subsequent quarter or for a full fiscal year (see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

We face significant competition. 

The  ski  Resort  and  lodging  industries  are  highly  competitive.  There  are  approximately  745  ski  areas  in  North  America, 
including approximately 460 in the U.S. that serve local and destination guests, and these ski areas can be more or less impacted 
by  weather  conditions  based  on  their  location  and  snowmaking  capabilities.  The  factors  that  we  believe  are  important  to 
customers include:

•
•
•
•
•
•

•
•
•
•
•

proximity to population centers;
availability and cost of transportation to ski areas;
availability and quality of lodging options in resort areas;
ease of travel to ski areas (including direct flights by major airlines);
pricing of lift tickets and/or pass products;
the  magnitude,  quality  and  price  of  related  ancillary  services  (ski  school,  dining  and  retail/rental),  amenities  and 
lodging;
snowmaking facilities;
type and quality of skiing and snowboarding offered;
duration of the ski season;
weather conditions; and
reputation.

There  are  many  competing  options  for  our  guests,  including  other  major  resorts  in  Colorado,  Utah,  California,  Nevada,  the 
Pacific Northwest, Northeast, Southwest and British Columbia, Canada, and other major destination ski areas worldwide. Our 
guests can choose from any of these alternatives, as well as non-skiing vacation options and destinations around the world. In 
addition,  other  forms  of  leisure  such  as  sporting  events  and  participation  in  other  competing  indoor  and  outdoor  recreational 
activities are available to potential guests.

RockResorts hotels, our other hotels and our property management business compete with numerous other hotel and property 
management companies that may have greater financial resources than we do and they may be able to adapt more quickly to 
changes in customer requirements or devote greater resources to promotion of their offerings than us.

24

The high fixed cost structure of mountain resort operations can result in significantly lower margins if revenues decline. 

The cost structure of our mountain Resort operations has a significant fixed component with variable expenses including, but 
not limited to, land use permit or lease fees and other resort related fees; credit card fees; retail/rental cost of sales; labor; and 
resort,  dining  and  ski  school  operations.  Any  material  declines  in  the  economy,  elevated  geopolitical  uncertainties  and/or 
significant changes in historical snowfall patterns, as well as other risk factors discussed herein, could adversely affect revenue. 
See  “Risks  Related  to  Our  Business—The  ongoing  COVID-19  pandemic  has  had,  and  could  continue  to  have,  a  significant 
negative impact on our financial condition and operations. Further, the spread of COVID-19 has caused severe disruptions in 
the U.S. and global economies and financial markets and could potentially create widespread business continuity issues of an as 
yet unknown magnitude and duration. Any future outbreak of any COVID-19 variant or other highly infectious or contagious 
disease could have a similar impact.” As such, our margins, profits and cash flows may be materially reduced due to declines in 
revenue  given  our  relatively  high  fixed  cost  structure.  In  addition,  increases  in  expenses  as  a  result  of  inflation  or  other 
economic factors may adversely impact wages and other labor costs, energy, healthcare, insurance, transportation and fuel, cost 
of  goods,  property  taxes,  minimum  lease  payments  and  other  expenses  included  in  our  fixed  cost  structure,  which  may  also 
reduce our margin, profits and cash flows.

We may not be able to fund resort capital expenditures. 

We  regularly  expend  capital  to  construct,  maintain  and  renovate  our  mountain  Resorts  and  properties  in  order  to  remain 
competitive, maintain the value and brand standards of our mountain Resorts and properties and comply with applicable laws 
and  regulations.  We  cannot  always  predict  where  capital  will  need  to  be  expended  in  a  given  fiscal  year  and  capital 
expenditures  can  increase  due  to  circumstances  beyond  our  control.  In  March  2021,  we  announced  our  full  capital  plan  for 
calendar year 2021, pursuant to which we anticipated we would spend approximately $135 million to $140 million, including 
one-time items associated with integrations of $5 million and approximately $12 million of reimbursable investments.

Our ability to fund capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations and/or to 
borrow  from  third  parties  in  the  debt  or  equity  markets.  We  cannot  provide  assurances  that  our  operations  will  be  able  to 
generate sufficient cash flow to fund such capital expenditures, or that we will be able to obtain sufficient financing on adequate 
terms, or at all. Our ability to generate cash flow and to obtain third-party financing will depend upon many factors, including:

•
•

•
•

our future operating performance; 
general  economic  conditions  and  economic  conditions  affecting  the  resort  industry,  the  ski  industry  and  the  capital 
markets; 
competition; and
legislative and regulatory matters affecting our operations and business;

Any  inability  to  generate  sufficient  cash  flows  from  operations  or  to  obtain  adequate  third-party  financing  could  cause  us  to 
delay or abandon certain projects and/or plans.

A disruption in our water supply would impact our snowmaking capabilities and operations. 

Our operations are heavily dependent upon our access to adequate supplies of water for snowmaking and to otherwise conduct 
our operations. Our mountain Resorts are subject to federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to water 
rights. Changes in these laws and regulations may adversely affect our operations. In addition, a severe and prolonged drought 
may adversely affect our water supply and increase the cost of snowmaking. A significant change in law or policy, impact from 
climate change or any other interference with our access to adequate supplies of water to support our current operations or an 
expansion  of  our  operations  would  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  prospects,  financial  position,  results  of 
operations and cash flows.

We rely on various government permits and landlord approvals at our U.S. resorts. 

Our U.S. Resort operations require permits and approvals from certain federal, state and local authorities, including the Forest 
Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the States of Vermont and New Hampshire and the NPS. Virtually all of our ski trails 
and related activities, including our summer activities, at Vail Mountain, Breckenridge, Keystone, Crested Butte, Stevens Pass, 
Heavenly, Kirkwood, Mount Snow, Wildcat, a majority of Beaver Creek and portions of Attitash are located on National Forest 
land.  The  Forest  Service  has  granted  us  permits  to  use  these  lands,  but  maintains  the  right  to  review  and  approve  many 
operational matters, as well as the location, design and construction of improvements in these areas. The expiration dates for 
our permits are set forth in the Business section of this Form 10-K under the heading “Contracts with Governmental Authorities 
for Resort Operations”.

25

The Forest Service can terminate or amend these permits if, in its opinion, such termination is required in the public interest. A 
termination or amendment of any of our permits could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operations. In order 
to  undertake  improvements  and  new  development,  we  must  apply  for  permits  and  other  approvals.  These  efforts,  if 
unsuccessful, could impact our expansion efforts. Furthermore, Congress may materially increase the fees we pay to the Forest 
Service for use of these National Forest lands. 

Stowe and Okemo are partially located on land we lease from the State of Vermont, and Mount Sunapee is located on land we 
lease  from  the  State  of  New  Hampshire.  We  are  required  to  seek  approval  from  such  states  for  certain  developments  and 
improvements  made  to  the  resort.  Certain  other  resorts  are  operated  on  land  under  long  term  leases  with  third  parties.  For 
example, operations at our Northstar, Park City and Mad River Mountain Resorts are conducted pursuant to long-term leases 
with third parties who require us to operate the Resorts in accordance with the terms of the leases and seek certain approvals 
from the respective landlords for improvements made to the Resorts. The initial lease term for Northstar with affiliates of EPR 
Properties  expires  in  January  2027  and  allows  for  three  10-year  renewal  options.  We  entered  into  a  transaction  agreement, 
master lease agreement and ancillary transaction documents with affiliate companies of Talisker Corporation (“Talisker”), and 
the initial lease term for our Park City resort with Talisker expires in May 2063 with six 50-year renewal options. Additionally, 
GTLC and Flagg Ranch operate under concessionaire agreements with the NPS that expire on December 31, 2023 and October 
31,  2028,  respectively.  There  is  no  guarantee  that  at  the  end  of  the  lease/license  or  agreements  under  which  we  operate  our 
Resorts  we  will  renew  or,  if  desired,  be  able  to  negotiate  new  terms  that  are  favorable  to  us.  Additionally,  our  Resorts  that 
operate on privately-owned land are subject to local land use regulation and oversight by county and/or town governments, and 
we may not be able to obtain the requisite approvals needed for resort improvements or expansions. Failure to comply with the 
provisions,  obligations  and  terms  (including  renewal  requirements  and  deadlines)  of  our  material  permits  and  leases  could 
adversely impact our operating results.

We rely on foreign government leases and landlord approvals, and are subject to certain related laws and regulations, at 
our international resorts. 

Our  international  Resort  operations  require  permits  and  approvals  from  certain  foreign  authorities,  including  the  Province  of 
British Columbia and the New South Wales and Victoria, Australia governments. Our operations at Whistler Blackcomb are 
located  on  Crown  Land  within  the  traditional  territory  of  the  Squamish  and  Lil’wat  Nations,  and  the  operations  and  future 
development of both Whistler Mountain and Blackcomb Mountain are governed by Master Development Agreements, which 
expire on February 23, 2077. We have a lease and a license for Perisher within the Kosciusko National Park which expires in 
June 2048, with an option to renew for an additional period of 20 years. Perisher relies on a suite of planning approvals (and 
existing  use  rights)  granted  under  the  Australian  EPA  Act  to  operate  the  resort.  Strategic  planning  documents  have  been 
adopted  to  provide  a  framework  for  the  assessment  and  approval  of  future  development  at  the  resort.  Perisher  also  holds  a 
number  of  environmental  approvals  to  regulate  its  operations,  including  an  environment  protection  license  and  a  suite  of 
dangerous  goods  licenses  related  to  the  storage  of  diesel,  heating  oil  and  propane  in  storage  tanks  across  the  resort.  Each  of 
Falls Creek and a majority of Hotham is located in the Alpine National Park in Victoria, Australia that is permanently reserved 
under the Crown Land Act and subject to the ARM Act. The ARM Act established the Falls Creek RMB and the Hotham RMB, 
which  is  responsible  for  the  management  and  collection  of  fees  from  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham,  respectively,  and  the  ARM 
Regulations give each of the Falls Creek RMB and the Hotham RMB certain discretion over the operations of Falls Creek and 
Hotham, respectively, including the authority to (i) declare the snow season, (ii) temporarily close the applicable resort if entry 
would be a significant danger to public safety, and (iii) determine which portions of the applicable resort are open to the public 
and the activities that are permitted on those portions of such resort. There is no guarantee that at the end of the initial lease/
license or agreements under which we operate our Resorts we will renew or, if desired, be able to negotiate new terms that are 
favorable to us. Failure to comply with the provisions, obligations and terms (including renewal requirements and deadlines) of 
our material permits and leases could adversely impact our operating results.

We  are  subject  to  extensive  environmental  and  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business. 

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations including those 
relating to air emissions, discharges to water, storage, treatment and disposal of wastes and other liquids, land use, remediation 
of contaminated sites, protection of natural resources such as wetlands and sustainable visitor or tourist use and enjoyment. For 
example, future expansions of certain of our mountain facilities must comply with applicable forest plans approved under the 
National  Forest  Management  Act,  federal,  state  and  foreign  wildlife  protection  laws  or  local  zoning  requirements,  and  in 
Vermont,  our  operations  must  comply  with  Act  250,  which  regulates  the  impacts  of  development  to,  among  other  things, 
waterways, air, wildlife and earth resources, and any projects must be completed pursuant to a Master Plan. In addition, most 
projects to improve, upgrade or expand our ski areas are subject to environmental review under the NEPA, FRPA, Act 250, the 
CEQA, the Australian NPW Act, the Australian EPA Act or the Australian EP Act, as applicable. Our ski area improvement 
proposals  may  not  be  approved  or  may  be  approved  with  modifications  that  substantially  increase  the  cost  or  decrease  the 

26

desirability  of  implementing  the  project.  From  time  to  time  our  operations  are  subject  to  inspections  by  environmental 
regulators or other regulatory agencies. We are also subject to worker health and safety requirements as well as various state 
and  local  public  health  laws,  rules,  regulations  and  orders  related  to  COVID-19,  including  mask  and  social  distancing 
requirements. We believe our operations are in substantial compliance with applicable material environmental, health and safety 
requirements. However, our efforts to comply do not eliminate the risk that we may be held liable, incur fines or be subject to 
claims for damages, and that the amount of any liability, fines, damages or remediation costs may be material for, among other 
things,  the  presence  or  release  of  regulated  materials  at,  on  or  emanating  from  properties  we  now  or  formerly  owned  or 
operated,  newly  discovered  environmental  impacts  or  contamination  at  or  from  any  of  our  properties,  or  changes  in 
environmental laws and regulations or their enforcement.

Changes in security and privacy laws and regulations could increase our operating costs, increase our exposure to fines 
and litigation, and adversely affect our ability to market our products, properties and services effectively. 

The information, security, and privacy requirements imposed by applicable laws and governmental regulation and the payment 
card industry are increasingly demanding in the U.S. and other jurisdictions where we operate. Maintaining compliance with 
applicable security and privacy regulations may increase our operating costs or our exposure to potential fines and litigation in 
connection  with  the  enforcement  of  such  regulations,  or  otherwise  impact  our  ability  to  market  our  products,  properties  and 
services to our guests. Any future changes or restrictions in U.S. or international privacy laws could also adversely affect our 
operations, including our ability to transfer guest data. Changes in U.S. or international law affecting marketing, solicitation or 
privacy,  could  adversely  affect  our  marketing  activities  and  force  changes  in  our  marketing  strategy  or  increase  the  costs  of 
marketing.  If  access  to  lists  of  potential  customers  from  travel  service  providers  or  other  companies  with  whom  we  have 
relationships was prohibited or otherwise restricted, our ability to develop new customers and introduce them to our products 
could be impaired.

We rely on information technology to operate our businesses and maintain our competitiveness, and any failure to adapt 
to technological developments or industry trends could harm our business or competitive position. 

We depend on the use of sophisticated information technology and systems for central reservations, point of sale, marketing, 
customer  relationship  management  and  communication,  procurement,  maintaining  the  privacy  of  guest  and  employee  data, 
administration and technologies we make available to our guests. We must continuously improve and upgrade our systems and 
infrastructure to offer enhanced products, services, features and functionality, while maintaining the reliability and integrity of 
our systems, network security and infrastructure. We may not be able to maintain our existing systems or replace or introduce 
new technologies and systems as quickly as we would like or in a cost-effective manner, which may keep us from achieving the 
desired  results  in  a  timely  manner,  to  the  extent  anticipated,  or  at  all.  Also,  we  may  be  unable  to  devote  adequate  financial 
resources to new technologies and systems in the future. If any of these events occur, our business and financial performance 
could suffer.

We may not be able to hire, train, reward and retain adequate team members and determine and maintain adequate 
staffing, including our seasonal workforce, which may impact our ability to achieve our operating, growth and financial 
objectives.

Our long-term growth and profitability depend partially on our ability to recruit and retain high-quality employees to work in 
and  manage  our  Resorts.  Adequate  staffing  and  retention  of  qualified  employees  is  a  critical  factor  affecting  our  guests’ 
experiences in our Resorts. Maintaining adequate staffing requires precise workforce planning which has been complicated and 
is unpredictable due the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on guest preferences and on labor markets. The market for the 
most qualified talent continues to be competitive and we must provide competitive wages, benefits and workplace conditions to 
attract and retain our most qualified employees. Year round employees may seek other employment and seasonal employees 
may decline to return, to be re-hired, or to be hired for the first time. Personal or public health concerns related to COVID-19 
might make some employees and potential candidates reluctant to work in enclosed environments such as our hotels, restaurants 
and retail/rental stores. Resort-area housing could be even more limited than usual, making it difficult for employees to obtain 
available, affordable housing. 

Our  mountain  and  lodging  operations  are  highly  dependent  on  a  large  seasonal  workforce.  We  recruit  year-round  to  fill 
thousands of seasonal staffing needs each season and work to manage seasonal wages and the timing of the hiring process to 
ensure the appropriate workforce is in place. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to recruit and hire adequate 
seasonal personnel as the business requires. Changes in immigration laws could also impact our workforce because we recruit 
and hire foreign nationals as part of our seasonal workforce. For example, as a result of a 2020 executive order in the United 
States suspending the issuance of several visas for foreign workers, we were unable to hire foreign nationals for the 2020/2021 
North America ski season. A shortage of international workers based on immigration and cultural exchange limitations, failure 
to recruit and retain new domestic employees in a timely manner, higher than expected attrition levels, or increased wages all 

27

could affect our ability to open and operate parts of our Resorts, deliver guest service at traditional margins or achieve our labor 
cost objectives.

We are subject to risks associated with our workforce, including increased labor costs. 

We are subject to various federal, state and foreign laws governing matters such as minimum wage requirements, sick leave 
pay,  overtime  compensation  and  other  working  conditions,  work  authorization  requirements,  discrimination  and  family  and 
medical leave. Cost of labor and labor-related benefits are primary components in the cost of our operations. Labor shortages, 
affordable employee housing shortages and increased employee turnover and health care mandates could also increase our labor 
costs  and  labor-related  benefits.  As  minimum  wage  rates  increase,  including  further  potential  federal  and  state  legislative 
changes to the minimum wage rate, we may need to increase not only the wages of our minimum wage employees but also the 
wages  paid  to  employees  at  wage  rates  that  are  above  the  minimum  wage.  During  Fiscal  2021,  we  announced  a  substantial 
investment  in  our  employees  by  increasing  the  minimum  wage  to  $15  at  our  Resorts  across  Colorado,  California,  Utah, 
Washington, New York and Vermont, as well as other increases at our Resorts in the eastern U.S. From time to time, we have 
also experienced non-union employees attempting to unionize. While only a very small portion of our employees are unionized 
at present, we may experience additional union activity in the future, which could lead to disruptions in our business, increases 
in our operating costs and/or constraints on our operating flexibility. These potential labor impacts could adversely impact our 
results of operations.

If we do not retain our key personnel, our business may suffer. 

The  success  of  our  business  is  heavily  dependent  on  the  leadership  of  key  management  personnel,  including  our  senior 
executive officers. If any of these persons were to leave, it could be difficult to replace them, and our business could be harmed. 
We do not maintain “key-man” life insurance on any of our employees.

Our business depends on the quality and reputation of our brands, and any deterioration in the quality or reputation of 
these brands, including as a result of misappropriation of our intellectual property or the risk of accidents occurring at 
our mountain resorts or competing mountain resorts, may reduce visitation and negatively impact our operations.

A  negative  public  image  or  other  adverse  events  could  affect  the  reputation  of  one  or  more  of  our  mountain  Resorts,  other 
destination resorts, hotel properties and other businesses or more generally impact the reputation of our brands. Any resulting 
harm on our business may be immediate without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction. Our ability to attract and 
retain guests depends, in part, upon the external perceptions of the Company, the quality and safety of our Resorts, services and 
activities,  including  summer  activities,  and  our  corporate  and  management  integrity.  While  we  maintain  and  promote  an  on-
mountain safety program, there are inherent risks associated with our Resort activities. From time to time in the past, accidents 
and other injuries have occurred on Resort property. An accident or an injury at any of our Resorts or at resorts operated by 
competitors, particularly an accident or injury involving the safety of guests and employees that receives media attention, could 
negatively  impact  our  brand  or  reputation,  cause  loss  of  consumer  confidence  in  us,  reduce  visitation  at  our  Resorts,  and 
negatively impact our results of operations. 

The  considerable  expansion  in  the  use  of  social  media  over  recent  years  has  compounded  the  impact  of  negative  publicity. 
Information posted on social media platforms at any time may be adverse to our interests or may be inaccurate, each of which 
may harm our reputation or business. If the reputation or perceived quality of our brands declines, our market share, reputation, 
business,  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations  could  be  adversely  impacted.  Additionally,  our  intellectual  property, 
including  our  trademarks,  domain  names  and  other  proprietary  rights,  constitutes  a  significant  part  of  our  value.  Any 
misappropriation, infringement or violation of our intellectual property rights could also diminish the value of our brands and 
their market acceptance, competitive advantages or goodwill, which could adversely affect our business.

Our acquisitions might not be successful. 

In  recent  years,  we  have  completed  numerous  acquisitions  and  may  continue  to  acquire  certain  mountain  resorts,  hotel 
properties  and  other  businesses  complementary  to  our  own,  as  well  as  developable  land  in  proximity  to  our  Resorts. 
Acquisitions are complex to evaluate, execute and integrate. We cannot ensure that we will be able to accurately evaluate or 
successfully  integrate  and  manage  acquired  mountain  resorts,  properties  and  businesses  and  increase  our  profits  from  these 
operations. We continually evaluate potential acquisitions both domestically and internationally and intend to actively pursue 
acquisition opportunities, some of which could be significant. As a result, we face various risks from acquisitions, including:

•
•
•

our evaluation of the synergies and/or long-term benefits of an acquired business;
our inability to integrate acquired businesses into our operations as planned;
diversion of our management’s attention;

28

•

•
•
•
•
•

increased expenditures (including legal, accounting and due diligence expenses, higher administrative costs to support 
the acquired entities, information technology, personnel and other integration expenses);
potential increased debt leverage;
potential issuance of dilutive equity securities;
litigation arising from acquisition activity; 
potential impairment of goodwill, intangible or tangible assets; and
unanticipated problems or liabilities.

In addition, we run the risk that any new acquisitions may fail to perform in accordance with expectations, and that estimates of 
the costs of improvements and integration for such properties may prove inaccurate.

Our international operations subject us to additional risks. 

As  a  result  of  the  acquisitions  of  Whistler  Blackcomb  in  Canada  and  Perisher,  Hotham  and  Falls  Creek  in  Australia,  and 
potential future international acquisitions, we have and may continue to increase our operations outside of the United States. 
We  are  accordingly  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  relating  to  doing  business  internationally,  any  of  which  could  significantly 
harm our business. These risks include:

•
•
•
•
•

•

•

restriction on the transfer of funds to and from foreign countries, including potentially negative tax consequences;
currency exchange rates;
increased exposure to general market and economic conditions outside the United States;
additional political risk;
compliance  with  international  laws  and  regulations  (including  anti-corruption  regulations,  such  as  the  U.S.  Foreign 
Corrupt Practices Act);
data  security,  including  requirements  that  local  customer  data  be  stored  locally  and  not  transferred  to  other 
jurisdictions; and
foreign tax treaties and policies.

Exchange rate fluctuations could result in significant foreign currency gains and losses and affect our business results. 

We  are  exposed  to  currency  translation  risk  because  the  local  currency  utilized  in  the  operations  of  Whistler  Blackcomb, 
Perisher,  Hotham  and  Falls  Creek  are  different  than  our  functional  currency,  the  U.S.  dollar.  As  a  result,  changes  in  foreign 
exchange rates, in particular between the Canadian dollar, Australian dollar and the U.S. dollar, affect the amounts we record 
for our foreign assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could have a negative effect on our financial results. We currently 
do not enter into hedging arrangements to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. We expect that our exposure to 
foreign  currency  exchange  rate  fluctuations  will  increase  as  our  international  operations  grow  and  if  we  acquire  additional 
international resorts.

We  are  subject  to  tax  laws  and  regulations  in  multiple  jurisdictions,  and  changes  to  those  laws  and  regulations  or 
interpretations thereof or adverse determinations by tax authorities may adversely affect us.

We  are  subject  to  income  and  other  taxes  in  the  United  States  and  in  multiple  foreign  jurisdictions.  Due  to  economic  and 
political  conditions,  tax  rates  in  various  jurisdictions  may  be  subject  to  significant  change.  Our  effective  tax  rates  could  be 
affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred 
tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. 

We are also subject to the examination of tax returns and other tax matters by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and other 
tax  authorities  and  governmental  bodies.  We  regularly  assess  the  likelihood  of  an  adverse  outcome  resulting  from  these 
examinations  to  determine  the  adequacy  of  our  provision  for  taxes.  There  can  be  no  assurance  as  to  the  outcome  of  these 
examinations. If our effective tax rates were to increase or if the ultimate determination of our taxes owed is for an amount in 
excess of amounts previously accrued, our financial condition, operating results and cash flows could be adversely affected.

Risks Relating to Our Capital Structure

Our stock price is highly volatile. 

The market price of our stock is highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors such as the following, 
some of which are beyond our control:

•
•

quarterly variations in our operating results;
operating results that vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors;

29

•
•
•

•

•
•
•
•
•

change in valuations, including our real estate held for sale;
changes in the overall travel, gaming, hospitality and leisure industries;
changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates by securities analysts and 
investors or such guidance provided by us;
announcements  by  us  or  companies  in  the  travel,  gaming,  hospitality  and  leisure  industries  of  significant  contracts, 
acquisitions,  dispositions,  strategic  partnerships,  joint  ventures,  capital  commitments,  plans,  prospects,  service 
offerings or operating results;
additions or departures of key personnel;
future sales of our securities; 
trading and volume fluctuations;
other risk factors as discussed herein; and 
other unforeseen events.

Stock markets in the U.S. have often experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the performance 
of any specific company or industry. Market fluctuations, as well as general political and economic conditions including acts of 
terrorism, military conflicts, outbreak of a contagious disease, prolonged economic uncertainty, a recession or interest rate or 
currency rate fluctuations, could adversely affect the market price of our stock.

We  cannot  provide  assurance  that  we  will  pay  dividends,  or  if  paid,  that  dividend  payments  will  be  consistent  with 
historical levels. 

We have generally paid quarterly dividends since fiscal 2011, which are funded through cash flow from operations, available 
cash on hand and borrowings under our Credit Facilities. The declaration of dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board 
of  Directors,  and  is  limited  by  applicable  state  law  concepts  of  available  funds  for  distribution,  as  well  as  contractual 
restrictions.  As  a  result,  the  amount,  if  any,  of  the  dividends  to  be  paid  in  the  future  will  depend  upon  a  number  of  factors, 
including our available cash on hand, anticipated cash needs, overall financial condition, restrictions contained in our Eighth 
Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement  (the  “Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement”),  any  future  contractual  restrictions,  future 
prospects for earnings and cash flows, as well as other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors. In addition, our 
Board of Directors may also suspend the payment of dividends at any time if it deems such action to be in the best interests of 
the Company and its stockholders. For example, on April 1, 2020, in response to actions taken in response to COVID-19, we 
announced  that  our  Board  of  Directors  suspended  our  quarterly  dividend  for  at  least  two  quarters,  which  such  suspension 
continued throughout Fiscal 2021. Additionally, during the period that we are subject to the Financial Covenants Temporary 
Waiver  Period  (See  “Risks  Relating  to  Our  Capital  Structure—Restrictions  imposed  by  the  terms  of  our  indebtedness  may 
prevent or limit our future business plans.”), we are prohibited from paying any dividends or making share repurchases, unless 
(x) no default or potential default exists under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement and (y) we have liquidity of at least $300.0 
million,  and  the  aggregate  amount  of  dividends  paid  and  share  repurchases  made  by  us  during  the  Financial  Covenants 
Temporary  Waiver  Period  may  not  exceed  $38.2  million  in  any  fiscal  quarter.  If  we  do  not  pay  dividends,  the  price  of  our 
common stock must appreciate for investors to realize a gain on their investment in Vail Resorts, Inc. This appreciation may not 
occur and our stock may in fact depreciate in value. On September 22, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a cash dividend 
of $0.88 per share payable on October 22, 2021 to stockholders of record as of October 5, 2021. Additionally, a Canadian dollar 
equivalent dividend on the Exchangeco Shares will be payable on October 22, 2021 to the shareholders of record as of October 
5,  2021.  We  expect  to  fund  the  dividend  with  available  cash  on  hand  and  will  do  so  pursuant  to  the  restrictions  under  the 
Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period.

Our  indebtedness  could  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  our  ability  to  operate  our  business,  to  react  to 
changes in the economy or our industry, to fulfill our obligations under our various notes, to pay our other debts, and 
could divert our cash flow from operations for debt payments. 

We have a substantial amount of debt, which requires significant interest and principal payments. As of July 31, 2021, we had 
$2.9 billion in total indebtedness outstanding. This amount includes (i) $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% 
convertible notes due 2026 (the “0.0% Convertible Notes”), (ii) $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of our unsecured 
senior  notes  issued  on  May  4,  2020  (the  “6.25%  Notes”),  (iii)  $1.1  billion  of  indebtedness  pursuant  to  the  term  loan  facility 
under  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement,  (iv)  $44.9  million  of  indebtedness  under  our  credit  agreement  at  Whistler 
Blackcomb (the “Whistler Credit Agreement”), (v) $351.8 million with respect to our obligation associated with the Canyons 
long-term lease, (vi) $114.2 million with respect to the EPR Secured Notes under the master credit and security agreements and 
other  related  agreements  with  EPT  Ski  Properties,  Inc.  and  its  affiliates  (“EPR’’),  as  amended  (collectively,  the  “EPR 
Agreements’’  and  together  with  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  and  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement,  the  “Credit 
Agreements,’’ and such facilities, the “Credit Facilities’’) and (vii) $51.5 million with respect to the EB-5 development notes 
under the U.S. EB-5 Program. Our borrowings under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement are subject to interest rate changes 
substantially increasing our risk to changes in interest rates. Borrowings under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, including 

30

the  term  loan  facility,  currently  bear  interest  annually  at  a  rate  of  LIBOR  plus  2.50%  and,  for  amounts  in  excess  of  $400.0 
million, LIBOR is subject to a floor of 0.25% (during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period, as defined below). 
Subsequent  to  the  expiration  of  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period  (as  defined  below),  interest  rate  margins 
may fluctuate based upon the ratio of our Net Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA on a trailing four-quarter basis. We also have, 
on a cumulative basis, minimum lease payment obligations under operating leases of approximately $297.8 million as of July 
31, 2021. Our level of indebtedness and minimum lease payment obligations could have important consequences. For example, 
it could:

• make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our outstanding debt;
increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
•
require  us  to  dedicate  a  substantial  portion  of  our  cash  flow  from  operations  to  payments  on  our  indebtedness, 
•
including  the  annual  payments  under  the  Canyons  lease,  thereby  reducing  the  availability  of  our  cash  flow  to  fund 
working  capital,  capital  expenditures,  real  estate  developments,  marketing  efforts  and  other  general  corporate 
purposes;
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; 
limit our ability to borrow additional funds, refinance debt, or obtain additional financing for working capital, capital 
expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes;

•
•
•

• make it difficult for us to satisfy our obligations, including debt service requirements under our outstanding debt; and
•

cause  potential  or  existing  customers  to  not  contract  with  us  due  to  concerns  over  our  ability  to  meet  our  financial 
obligations, such as insuring against our professional liability risks, under such contracts.

Furthermore,  our  debt  under  our  Credit  Facilities  bears  interest  at  variable  rates,  which  may  be  impacted  by  potential  future 
changes in interest rates due to reference rate reform. We may be able to incur additional indebtedness in the future. The terms 
of our Credit Facilities, the 0.0% Convertible Notes and the 6.25% Notes do not fully prohibit us from doing so. If we incur 
additional debt, the related risks that we face could intensify.

Restrictions imposed by the terms of our indebtedness may prevent us from capitalizing on business opportunities. 

The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in our Credit Facilities and the indenture governing the 6.25% Notes may 
adversely affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities and strategic 
initiatives that may be in our long-term best interests. 

Our Credit Facilities impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions limit our ability and the 
ability of our subsidiaries to, among other things:

incur or guarantee additional debt or issue capital stock;
pay dividends and make other distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, capital stock;

•
•
• make certain investments;
•
•
• merge or consolidate;
•

incur certain liens;
enter into transactions with affiliates;

enter into agreements that restrict the ability of subsidiaries to make dividends, distributions or other payments to us or 
the guarantors;
designate restricted subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; and
transfer or sell assets.

•
•

On  April  28,  2020  and  most  recently  amended  on  December  18,  2020,  we  entered  into  an  amendment  to  the  Vail  Holdings 
Credit  Agreement,  pursuant  to  which  we  are  exempt  from  complying  with  the  agreement’s  maximum  leverage  ratio  and 
minimum interest coverage ratio financial maintenance covenants for each of the fiscal quarters ending July 31, 2020 through 
January 31, 2022 (unless we make a one-time irrevocable election to terminate such exemption period prior to such date) (such 
period,  the  “Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period”),  after  which  we  will  again  be  required  to  comply  with  such 
covenants starting with the fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2022 (or such earlier fiscal quarter as elected by us). Additionally, 
pursuant to this amendment, we are required to comply with a monthly minimum liquidity test (defined as unrestricted cash and 
temporary cash investments of Vail Resorts, Inc. and its restricted subsidiaries and available commitments under our revolving 
credit facility) of not less than $150.0 million until such date that Vail Holdings, Inc. delivers a compliance certificate for the 
Company and its subsidiaries’ first fiscal quarter following the end of the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period.

31

During  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period,  we  are  prohibited  from  taking  the  following  actions  (unless 
majority approval of the lenders is obtained under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement):

•

•

paying  any  dividends  or  making  share  repurchases,  unless  (x)  no  default  or  potential  default  exists  under  the  Vail 
Holdings Credit Agreement and (y) the Company has liquidity of at least $300.0 million, and the aggregate amount of 
dividends paid and share repurchases made by the Company during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period 
may not exceed $38.2 million in any fiscal quarter;
incurring any indebtedness secured by the collateral under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement other than pursuant to 
the existing revolving commitments under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement; and

• making  certain  non-ordinary  course  investments  in  similar  businesses,  joint  ventures  and  unrestricted  subsidiaries 

unless the Company has liquidity of at least $300.0 million.

The indenture governing the 6.25% Notes contains a number of significant restrictions and covenants that limit our ability to:

•
•
•

grant or permit liens;
engage in sale/leaseback transactions; and
engage in a consolidation or merger, or sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets.

In addition, the Whistler Credit Agreement contains restrictions on the ability of Whistler Mountain Resort Limited Partnership 
and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership (together “The WB Partnerships”) and their respective subsidiaries, and 
the EPR Agreements contain restrictions on the ability of Peak Resorts and its subsidiaries, to make dividends, distributions or 
other payments to us or the guarantors. We and our subsidiaries are subject to other covenants, representations and warranties in 
respect of our Credit Facilities, including financial covenants as defined in the Credit Agreements. Events beyond our control, 
including the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, may affect our ability to comply with these covenants. 

As a result of these restrictions, we will be limited as to how we conduct our business and we may be unable to raise additional 
debt  or  equity  financing  to  compete  effectively  or  to  take  advantage  of  new  business  opportunities.  The  terms  of  any  future 
indebtedness  we  may  incur  could  include  more  restrictive  covenants.  We  may  not  be  able  to  maintain  compliance  with  our 
financial covenants in the future and, if we fail to do so, we may not be able to obtain waivers from the lenders and/or amend 
the covenants. 

There can be no assurance that we will meet the financial covenants contained in our Credit Facilities, when in effect. If we 
breach any of these restrictions or covenants, or suffer a material adverse change which restricts our borrowing ability under our 
Credit Facilities, we would not be able to borrow funds thereunder without a waiver. Any inability to borrow could have an 
adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  In  addition,  a  breach,  if  uncured,  could  cause  a 
default under the applicable agreement(s) governing our indebtedness, in which case such we may be required to repay these 
borrowings before their due date. We may not have or be able to obtain sufficient funds to make these accelerated payments. If 
we  are  forced  to  refinance  these  borrowings  on  less  favorable  terms  or  cannot  refinance  these  borrowings,  our  results  of 
operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We  may  not  continue  to  repurchase  our  common  stock  pursuant  to  our  share  repurchase  program,  and  any  such 
repurchases may not enhance long-term stockholder value. Share repurchases could also increase the volatility of the 
price of our common stock and could diminish our cash reserves. 

In  March  2006,  our  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  share  repurchase  program,  authorizing  the  Company  to  repurchase  up  to 
3,000,000 shares of common stock. In July 2008, the Board of Directors increased the authorization by an additional 3,000,000 
shares, and in December 2015, the Board increased the authorization by an additional 1,500,000 shares for a total authorization 
to repurchase up to 7,500,000 shares. Since inception of its share repurchase program through July 31, 2021, the Company has 
repurchased  6,161,141  shares  at  a  cost  of  approximately  $404.4  million.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  1,338,859  shares  remained 
available to repurchase under the existing share repurchase program which has no expiration date.

Although our Board of Directors has approved a share repurchase program, the share repurchase program does not obligate us 
to repurchase any specific dollar amount or to acquire any specific number of shares. The timing and amount of repurchases, if 
any, will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, our liquidity and capital resources, the trading 
price  of  our  common  stock  and  the  nature  of  other  investment  opportunities.  The  repurchase  program  may  be  limited, 
suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. In addition, repurchases of our common stock pursuant to our share 
repurchase  program  could  cause  our  stock  price  to  be  higher  than  it  would  be  in  the  absence  of  such  a  program  and  could 
potentially  reduce  the  market  liquidity  for  our  stock.  Additionally,  our  share  repurchase  program  could  diminish  our  cash 
reserves,  which  may  impact  our  ability  to  finance  future  growth  and  to  pursue  possible  future  strategic  opportunities  and 
acquisitions. There can be no assurance that any share repurchases will enhance stockholder value because the market price of 

32

our common stock may decline below levels at which we repurchased shares of stock. Although our share repurchase program 
is  intended  to  enhance  long-term  stockholder  value,  there  is  no  assurance  that  it  will  do  so  and  short-term  stock  price 
fluctuations could reduce the program’s effectiveness.

General Risk Factors

We are subject to litigation in the ordinary course of business. 

We  are,  from  time  to  time,  subject  to  various  asserted  or  unasserted  legal  proceedings  and  claims.  Any  such  proceedings  or 
claims,  regardless  of  merit,  could  be  time  consuming  and  expensive  to  defend  and  could  divert  management’s  attention  and 
resources. While we believe we have adequate insurance coverage and/or accrue for loss contingencies for all known matters 
that are probable and can be reasonably estimated, we cannot provide any assurance that the outcome of all current or future 
litigation proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse effect on us and our results of operations.

We are subject to complex and evolving accounting regulations and use certain estimates and judgments that may differ 
significantly from actual results. 

Implementation  of  existing  and  future  legislation,  rulings,  standards  and  interpretations  from  the  Financial  Accounting 
Standards  Board  or  other  regulatory  bodies  could  affect  the  presentation  of  our  financial  statements  and  related  disclosures. 
Future regulatory requirements could significantly change our current accounting practices and disclosures. Such changes in the 
presentation of our financial statements and related disclosures could change an investor’s interpretation or perception of our 
financial position and results of operations.

We use many methods, estimates and judgments in applying our accounting policies (see “Critical Accounting Policies” in Item 
7 of this Form 10-K). Such methods, estimates and judgments are, by their nature, subject to substantial risks, uncertainties and 
assumptions, and factors may arise over time that lead us to change our methods, estimates and judgments. Changes in those 
methods, estimates and judgments could significantly affect our results of operations.

Anti-takeover provisions affecting us could prevent or delay a change of control that is beneficial to our stockholders. 

Provisions  of  our  certificate  of  incorporation  and  bylaws,  provisions  of  our  debt  instruments  and  other  agreements  and 
provisions of applicable Delaware law and applicable federal and state regulations may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or 
other change of control that holders of our securities may consider favorable. These provisions could:

•
•
•
•

delay, defer or prevent a change in control of our Company;
discourage bids for our securities at a premium over the market price;
adversely affect the market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of our securities; or
impede the ability of the holders of our securities to change our management.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES. 

The following table sets forth the principal properties that we own or lease for use in our operations:

Location
Afton Alps, MN

Alpine Valley Resort, OH

Arrowhead Mountain, CO

Ownership
Owned

Owned

Owned

Use
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space

Attitash Mountain, NH (279 acres)

BC Housing RiverEdge, CO

SUP

26% Owned

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements
Employee housing facilities

33

Location
Bachelor Gulch Village, CO

Beaver Creek Resort, CO

Beaver Creek Mountain, CO (3,849
acres)
Beaver Creek Mountain Resort, CO

Big Boulder Mountain, PA

Boston Mills/Brandywine, OH

Breckenridge Ski Resort, CO

Breckenridge Mountain, CO (5,702
acres)
Breckenridge Terrace, CO

Broomfield, CO

Colter Bay Village, WY

Crested Butte Mountain Resort, CO

Ownership
Owned

Owned

SUP

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Use
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Golf course, clubhouse, commercial space and residential 
condominium units

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements
Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

SUP

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

50% Owned

Employee housing facilities

Leased

Corporate offices

Concessionaire 
contract

Owned

Lodging and dining facilities

Buildings, other improvements and land used for 
operation of Crested Butte Mountain Resort

Crested Butte Mountain Resort, CO (4,350 acres)

SUP

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Crotched Mountain, NH

Double Tree by Hilton Breckenridge, CO

Eagle-Vail, CO

Edwards, CO

Owned

Owned

Owned

Leased

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

Warehouse facility

Administrative offices

Falls Creek Alpine Resort, Victoria, Australia (1,112 acres)

Leased

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements

Headwaters Lodge & Cabins at Flagg Ranch, WY

Concessionaire 
contract

Lodging and dining facilities

Heavenly Mountain Resort, CA & NV

Heavenly Mountain, CA & NV
(7,050 acres)
Hidden Valley Resort, MO

Hotham Alpine Resort, Victoria, Australia (791 acres)

Hotham Airport, Victoria, Australia

Hunter Mountain, NY

Jack Frost Ski Resort, PA

Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis Club,
WY
Jackson Lake Lodge, WY

Jenny Lake Lodge, WY

Keystone Conference Center, CO

Keystone Lodge, CO

Owned

SUP

Owned

Leased

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements

Regional airport

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements.

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Golf course, clubhouse, tennis and dining facilities

Concessionaire 
contract

Concessionaire 
contract

Owned

Owned

34

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

Lodging and dining facilities

Conference facility

Lodging, spa, dining and conference facilities

Location
Keystone Resort, CO

Ownership
Owned

Keystone Mountain, CO (8,376 acres)

Keystone Ranch, CO

Kirkwood Mountain Resort, CA

Kirkwood Mountain, CA (2,330 acres)

Liberty Mountain Resort, PA

Mad River Mountain, OH

Mount Snow, VT (894 acres)

Mount Sunapee Resort, NH (850 acres)

Mt. Brighton, MI

Mt. Mansfield, VT (approximately 1,400 acres)

Northstar California Resort, CA
(7,200 acres)

Northstar Village, CA

Okemo Mountain Resort, VT

Okemo Mountain, VT (1,223 acres)

Paoli Peaks, IN

Park City Mountain, UT 
(8,900 acres)

Park City Mountain, UT 
(220 acres)

Perisher Ski Resort, NSW, Australia 
(3,335 acres)

Red Cliffs Lodge, CA

Red Sky Ranch, CO

River Course at Keystone, CO

Roundtop Mountain Resort, PA

Seasons at Avon, CO

Snow Creek, MO

Use
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, commercial space, 
property management, dining and real estate held for sale 
or development

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Golf course, clubhouse and dining facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space 

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements.
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space and other improvements
Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements used 
for operation of Stowe Mountain Resort

Ski trails, ski lifts, golf course, commercial space, dining 
facilities, buildings and other improvements

Commercial space, ski resort operations, dining facilities, 
buildings, property management and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, dining 
facilities, buildings and other improvements

SUP

Owned

Owned

SUP

Owned

Leased

SUP

Leased

Owned

Leased 

Leased

Leased

Owned

Leased

Owned/Leased

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Leased

Owned

Ski resort operations including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space, dining facilities, property 
management, conference facilities and other 
improvements (including areas previously referred to as 
Canyons Resort, UT)

Ski trails, ski lifts, dining facilities, commercial space, 
buildings, real estate held for sale or development and 
other improvements 

Owned/Leased/
Licensed 

Ski trails, ski lifts, dining facilities, commercial space, 
railway, buildings, lodging, conference facilities and other 
improvements

Leased

Owned

Owned

Owned

Leased/50% 
Owned

Dining facilities, ski resort operations, commercial space, 
administrative offices

Golf courses, clubhouses, dining facilities and real estate 
held for sale or development

Golf course and clubhouse

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space and other improvements

Administrative offices and commercial space

Owned

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

SSI Venture, LLC (“VRR”) Properties; CO, CA, NV, UT, 
MN & BC, Canada

Owned/Leased

Ski Tip Lodge, CO

Stevens Pass, WA

Owned

Owned

35

Approximately 265 rental and retail stores (of which 
approximately 120 stores are currently held under lease) 
for recreational products, and 5 leased warehouses

Lodging and dining facilities

Employee housing and guest parking facilities

Location
Stevens Pass Mountain, WA (2,443 acres)

Ownership
SUP

Use
Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Stevens Pass Ski Resort, WA

Stowe Mountain Resort, VT

The Arrabelle at Vail Square, CO

The Lodge at Vail, CO

The Osprey at Beaver Creek, CO

The Tarnes at Beaver Creek, CO

Tenderfoot Housing, CO

The Pines Lodge at Beaver Creek, CO

Vail Mountain, CO

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Lodging, spa, dining and conference facilities

Lodging, spa, dining and conference facilities

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

31% Owned

Employee housing facilities

50% Owned

Employee housing facilities

Owned

Owned

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Vail Mountain, CO (12,353 acres)

SUP

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Whistler Blackcomb Resort, BC, Canada

75% Owned

Whistler Mountain and Blackcomb Mountain, BC, Canada MDA

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements

Whistler Blackcomb Resort, BC, Canada

Whitetail Resort, PA

Wildcat Mountain, NH

Wilmot Mountain, WI

Leased

Owned

SUP/Owned

Employee housing facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements
Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Owned

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Many of our properties are used across all segments in complementary and interdependent ways.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We  are  a  party  to  various  lawsuits  arising  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.  We  believe  that  we  have  adequate  insurance 
coverage  and/or  have  accrued  for  all  loss  contingencies  for  asserted  and  unasserted  matters  and  that,  although  the  ultimate 
outcome of such claims cannot be ascertained, current pending and threatened claims are not expected, individually or in the 
aggregate, to have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

36

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Market and Stockholders 

Our  common  stock  is  traded  on  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange  (“NYSE”)  under  the  symbol  “MTN.”  As  of  September  20, 
2021, 40,391,129 shares of common stock were outstanding, held by approximately 258 holders of record.

Dividend Policy

In fiscal 2011, our Board of Directors approved the commencement of a regular quarterly cash dividend on our common stock, 
subject to quarterly declaration, which has typically been increased on an annual basis. We announced on April 1, 2020 that we 
would be suspending the declaration of our quarterly dividend in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which 
such suspension has continued throughout the year ended July 31, 2021 (“Fiscal 2021”). Additionally, pursuant to the Fourth 
Amendment of the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement (as defined below), we are prohibited from paying any dividends during 
the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period (as defined below) unless (x) no default or potential default exists under the 
Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  and  (y)  the  Company  has  liquidity  (as  defined  below)  of  at  least  $300.0  million,  and  the 
aggregate amount of dividends paid and share repurchases made by the Company during the Financial Covenants Temporary 
Waiver Period may not exceed $38.2 million in any fiscal quarter. The amount, if any, of dividends to be paid in the future will 
depend  on  our  available  cash  on  hand,  anticipated  cash  needs,  overall  financial  condition,  restrictions  contained  in  our  Vail 
Holdings Credit Agreement, future prospects for earnings and cash flows, as well as other factors considered relevant by our 
Board of Directors. On September 22, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $0.88 per share payable on 
October 22, 2021 to stockholders of record as of October 5, 2021. Additionally, a Canadian dollar equivalent dividend on the 
Exchangeco Shares will be payable on October 22, 2021 to the shareholders of record as of October 5, 2021. We expect to fund 
the dividend with available cash on hand and will do so pursuant to the restrictions under the Financial Covenants Temporary 
Waiver Period.

Repurchase of Equity Securities

The Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock during the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2021. The share repurchase 
program  is  conducted  under  authorizations  made  from  time  to  time  by  our  Board  of  Directors.  On  March  9,  2006,  the 
Company’s  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  share  repurchase  program,  authorizing  the  Company  to  repurchase  up  to 
3,000,000  shares  of  common  stock.  On  July  16,  2008,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  increased  the  authorization  by  an 
additional  3,000,000  shares,  and  on  December  4,  2015,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  increased  the  authorization  by  an 
additional 1,500,000 shares for a total authorization to repurchase shares of up to 7,500,000 shares. Since inception of this stock 
repurchase program through July 31, 2021, the Company has repurchased 6,161,141 shares at a cost of approximately $404.4 
million.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  1,338,859  shares  remained  available  to  repurchase  under  the  existing  repurchase  authorization. 
Repurchases under these authorizations may be made from time to time at prevailing prices as permitted by applicable laws, 
and subject to market conditions and other factors. The timing as well as the number of Vail Shares that may be repurchased 
under the program will depend on several factors, including our future financial performance, our available cash resources and 
competing uses for cash that may arise in the future, the restrictions in our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, prevailing prices of 
Vail  Shares  and  the  number  of  Vail  Shares  that  become  available  for  sale  at  prices  that  we  believe  are  attractive.  These 
authorizations have no expiration date.

Performance Graph 

The total return graph below is presented for the period from the beginning of our fiscal year ended July 31, 2017 through the 
end  of  Fiscal  2021.  The  comparison  assumes  that  $100  was  invested  at  the  beginning  of  the  period  in  our  common  stock 
(“MTN”), The Russell 2000 Stock Index, The Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Travel and Leisure 
Stock  Index,  with  dividends  reinvested  where  applicable.  We  include  the  Dow  Jones  U.S.  Travel  and  Leisure  Index  as  we 
believe we compete in the travel and leisure industry.

The  performance  graph  is  not  deemed  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (“SEC”)  and  is  not  to  be 
incorporated  by  reference  into  any  of  our  filings  under  the  Securities  Act  of  1933  or  the  Exchange  Act,  unless  such  filings 
specifically incorporate the performance graph by reference therein. 

37

Vail Resorts, Inc.

Russell 2000

Standard & Poor’s 500

Dow Jones U.S. Travel and Leisure

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

100.00  $ 

150.40  $ 

201.87  $ 

185.01  $ 

147.98  $ 

100.00  $ 

118.43  $ 

140.61  $ 

134.34  $ 

128.15  $ 

100.00  $ 

116.03  $ 

134.87  $ 

145.63  $ 

163.02  $ 

100.00  $ 

127.25  $ 

134.84  $ 

156.47  $ 

119.00  $ 

235.20 

194.71 

222.40 

174.84 

As of July 31,

ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.

The following table presents selected historical consolidated financial data derived from our Consolidated Financial Statements 
for the periods indicated. The financial data for our fiscal years ended and as of July 31, 2017 through July 31, 2021 should be 
read  in  conjunction  with  those  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  related  notes  thereto  and  Management’s  Discussion  and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The table presented below is unaudited. The data presented below is 
in  thousands,  except  for  diluted  net  income  per  share  attributable  to  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  cash  dividends  declared  per  share, 
effective ticket price (“ETP”), average daily rate (“ADR”) and revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) amounts.

38

Statement of Operations Data:

2021 (1)(2)

2020 (1)(2)(3)

Year ended July 31,
2019 (1)

2018 (1)

2017 (1)

Total net revenue

$ 1,909,710  $ 1,963,704  $ 2,271,575  $ 2,011,553  $ 1,907,218 

Total segment operating expense

  1,376,658 

  1,466,380 

  1,571,738 

  1,396,023 

  1,322,841 

Other operating expense, net

(272,036)   

(273,935)   

(223,568)   

(206,713)   

(205,121) 

(77,304)   

(106,956)   

Other expense, net
(30,807) 
(135,833)   
Income before (provision) benefit from income taxes $  125,183  $  116,433  $  398,965  $  340,092  $  348,449 
Net Income and Dividends:
Net income (4)
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. (4)
Diluted net income per share attributable to Vail 
Resorts, Inc. (4)
Cash dividends declared per share
Other Segment Data:
Mountain

$  124,457  $  109,055  $  323,493  $  401,320  $  231,718 

98,833  $  301,163  $  379,898  $  210,553 

$  127,850  $ 

(68,725)   

5.046  $ 

5.28  $ 

7.32  $ 

6.46  $ 

2.42  $ 

9.13  $ 

3.13  $ 

—  $ 

3.726 

5.22 

$ 

$ 

Skier visits (5)
ETP (6)
Lodging
ADR (7)
RevPAR (8)

Real Estate
Real estate held for sale or investment (9)
Other Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents (10)
Total assets (11) 
Long-term debt, net (including long-term debt due 
within one year)
Net Debt (12)
Total Vail Resorts, Inc. stockholders’ equity

14,852 

13,483 

14,998 

12,345 

12,047 

72.49  $ 

67.72  $ 

68.89  $ 

71.31  $ 

67.93 

322.15  $ 

310.76  $ 

300.47  $ 

300.90  $ 

302.80 

85.99  $ 

90.37  $ 

121.81  $ 

131.08  $ 

127.95 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

95,615  $ 

96,844  $  101,021  $ 

99,385  $  103,405 

$ 1,243,962  $  390,980  $  108,850  $  178,145  $  117,389 

$ 6,251,056  $ 5,244,232  $ 4,426,077  $ 4,064,984  $ 4,110,718 

$ 2,850,292  $ 2,450,799  $ 1,576,260  $ 1,272,732  $ 1,272,421 

$ 1,606,330  $ 2,059,819  $ 1,467,410  $ 1,094,587  $ 1,155,032 
$ 1,594,599  $ 1,316,742  $ 1,500,627  $ 1,589,434  $ 1,571,156 

(1)
We  have  completed  several  acquisitions  of  destination  mountain  resorts  and  regional  ski  areas  during  the  past  five 
years, which impacts comparability between years, including Peak Resorts (acquired September 2019); Falls Creek and Hotham 
(acquired April 2019); Crested Butte, Mount Sunapee and Okemo (acquired September 2018); Stevens Pass (acquired August 
2018); Stowe (acquired June 2017); and Whistler Blackcomb (acquired October 2016).

(2)
Financial  results  for  the  years  ended  July  31,  2021  and  2020  were  impacted  by  the  deferral  of  approximately 
$120.9 million of season pass revenue, as well as approximately $2.9 million of related deferred costs, that would have been 
recognized during the year ended July 31, 2020 but were deferred and recognized primarily in the year ended July 31, 2021 as a 
result  of  credits  that  were  offered  to  customers  who  had  purchased  2019/2020  North  American  pass  products  and  who 
purchased 2020/2021 North American pass products. 

Financial 

(3)
impairment  of 
approximately $28.4 million as a result of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our Colorado resort ground transportation 
company.

the  year  ended  July  31,  2020  were 

impacted  by  an  asset 

results 

for 

(4)
Net income, net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. and diluted net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, 
Inc. were positively impacted during the year ended July 31, 2018 as a result of one-time tax benefits related to comprehensive 
U.S. tax legislation, which also resulted in a decreased federal U.S. corporate tax rate prospectively from January 1, 2018, and 
excess tax benefits from employee share award exercises, as discussed subsequently in this document.

39

  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
regional ski area for any part of one day during a winter ski season and includes complimentary access.

A  skier  visit  represents  a  person  purchasing  a  ticket  or  utilizing  a  pass  to  access  a  destination  mountain  resort  or 

(6)

ETP is calculated by dividing lift revenue by total skier visits during the respective periods.

(7)
revenue) by the number of occupied rooms during the respective periods. 

ADR  is  calculated  by  dividing  total  room  revenue  (includes  both  owned  room  and  managed  condominium  unit 

(8)
revenue) by the number of rooms that are available to guests during the respective periods.

RevPAR  is  calculated  by  dividing  total  room  revenue  (includes  both  owned  room  and  managed  condominium  unit 

(9)
real estate held for sale or investment.

Real estate held for sale or investment includes all land, development costs and other improvements associated with 

(10)

Cash and cash equivalents exclude restricted cash.

(11)
We adopted a new lease accounting standard on August 1, 2019 using a modified retrospective transition method, in 
which  reporting  periods  beginning  on  August  1,  2019  are  presented  under  the  new  standard,  while  prior  periods  were  not 
adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the previously applicable accounting guidance. As a result of adopting 
the new lease accounting standard, the Company recorded $221.8 million of right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and $254.2 million of 
related total operating lease liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of August 1, 2019.

(12)
Net Debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as long-term debt, net plus long-term debt due within one year 
less cash and cash equivalents. Refer to the end of the Results of Operations section of Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for a reconciliation of long-term debt, net to Net Debt.

40

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 
OF OPERATIONS.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be 
read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes related thereto included in this Form 10-K. To the 
extent that the following MD&A contains statements which are not of a historical nature, such statements are forward-looking 
statements which involve risks and uncertainties. These risks include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Item 1A. “Risk 
Factors”  in  this  Form  10-K.  The  following  discussion  and  analysis  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  Forward-Looking 
Statements section and Item 1A. “Risk Factors” each included in this Form 10-K.

The MD&A includes discussion of financial performance within each of our three segments. We have chosen to specifically 
include segment Reported EBITDA (defined as segment net revenue less segment operating expense, plus or minus segment 
equity investment income or loss and for the Real Estate segment, plus gain or loss on sale of real property) in the following 
discussion  because  we  consider  this  measurement  to  be  a  significant  indication  of  our  financial  performance.  We  utilize 
segment Reported EBITDA in evaluating our performance and in allocating resources to our segments. Net Debt (defined as 
long-term  debt,  net  plus  long-term  debt  due  within  one  year  less  cash  and  cash  equivalents)  is  included  in  the  following 
discussion  because  we  consider  this  measurement  to  be  a  significant  indication  of  our  available  capital  resources.  We  also 
believe that Net Debt is an important measurement as it is an indicator of our ability to obtain additional capital resources for 
our future cash needs. Resort Reported EBITDA (defined as the combination of segment Reported EBITDA of our Mountain 
and Lodging segments), Total Reported EBITDA (which is Resort Reported EBITDA plus segment Reported EBITDA from 
our  Real  Estate  segment)  and  Net  Debt  are  not  measures  of  financial  performance  or  liquidity  defined  under  accounting 
principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  (“GAAP”).  Refer  to  the  end  of  the  Results  of  Operations  section  for  a 
reconciliation of net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to Total Reported EBITDA and long-term debt, net to Net Debt.

Items  excluded  from  Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt  are  significant  components  in  understanding  and  assessing  financial 
performance  or  liquidity.  Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt  should  not  be  considered  in  isolation  or  as  an  alternative  to,  or 
substitute  for,  net  income,  net  change  in  cash  and  cash  equivalents  or  other  financial  statement  data  presented  in  the 
Consolidated Financial Statements as indicators of financial performance or liquidity. Because Resort Reported EBITDA, Total 
Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt  are  not  measurements  determined  in  accordance  with  GAAP  and  are  thus  susceptible  to 
varying  calculations,  Resort  Reported  EBITDA,  Total  Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt,  as  presented  herein,  may  not  be 
comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. In addition, our segment Reported EBITDA (i.e. Mountain, 
Lodging and Real Estate), the measure of segment profit or loss required to be disclosed in accordance with GAAP, may not be 
comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.

Overview

Our operations are grouped into three integrated and interdependent segments: Mountain, Lodging and Real Estate. We refer to 
“Resort”  as  the  combination  of  the  Mountain  and  Lodging  segments.  The  Mountain,  Lodging  and  Real  Estate  segments 
represented approximately 89%, 11% and 0%, respectively, of our net revenue for Fiscal 2021.

41

Mountain Segment

In the Mountain segment, the Company operates the following 37 destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas:

*Denotes  a  destination  mountain  resort,  which  generally  receives  a  meaningful  portion  of  skier  visits  from  long-distance 
travelers, as opposed to our regional ski areas, which tend to generate skier visits predominantly from their respective local 
markets.

Additionally, we operate ancillary services, including ski school, dining and retail/rental operations, and for our Australian ski 
areas,  including  lodging  and  transportation  operations.  Mountain  segment  revenue  is  seasonal,  with  the  majority  of  revenue 
earned from our North American destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas (collectively, our “Resorts”) occurring in 
our second and third fiscal quarters and the majority of revenue earned from our Australian ski areas occurring in our first and 
fourth  fiscal  quarters.  Our  North  American  Resorts  are  typically  open  for  business  from  mid-November  through  mid-April, 
which is the peak operating season for the Mountain segment, and our Australian ski areas are typically open for business from 
June  to  early  October.  Our  single  largest  source  of  Mountain  segment  revenue  is  the  sale  of  lift  tickets  (including  pass 
products), which represented approximately 64%, 53% and 53% of Mountain segment net revenue for Fiscal 2021, the fiscal 
year ended July 31, 2020 (“Fiscal 2020”) and the fiscal year ended July 31, 2019 (“Fiscal 2019”), respectively.

42

 
Lift revenue is driven by volume and pricing. Pricing is impacted by both absolute pricing, as well as the demographic mix of 
guests, which impacts the price points at which various products are purchased. The demographic mix of guests that visit our 
North  American  mountain  resorts  is  divided  into  two  primary  categories:  (1)  out-of-state  and  international  (“Destination”) 
guests and (2) in-state and local (“Local”) guests. For the 2020/2021 North American ski season, Destination guests comprised 
approximately  52%  of  our  North  American  destination  mountain  resort  skier  visits  (excluding  complimentary  access),  while 
Local guests comprised approximately 48%, which compares to approximately 58% and 42%, respectively, for the 2019/2020 
North American ski season and approximately 57% and 43%, respectively, for the 2018/2019 North American ski season. Skier 
visitation at our regional ski areas is largely comprised of Local guests. Destination guests generally purchase our higher-priced 
lift tickets (including pass products) and utilize more ancillary services such as ski school, dining and retail/rental, as well as 
lodging  at  or  around  our  mountain  resorts.  The  impacts  of  COVID-19,  including  travel  restrictions,  had  a  disproportionately 
adverse impact on Destination visitation, particularly international guests, as demand for long-distance travel was lower than 
normal  throughout  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski  season.  Additionally,  Destination  guest  visitation  is  less  likely  to  be 
impacted by changes in the weather during the current ski season, but may be more impacted by adverse economic conditions, 
the  global  geopolitical  climate  or  weather  conditions  in  the  immediately  preceding  ski  season.  Local  guests  tend  to  be  more 
value-oriented and weather sensitive.

We offer a variety of pass products for all of our Resorts marketed towards both Destination and Local guests. Our pass product 
offerings range from providing access to one or a combination of our Resorts for a certain number of days to our Epic Pass, 
which allows pass holders unlimited and unrestricted access to all of our Resorts. The Epic Day Pass is a customizable one to 
seven day pass product purchased in advance of the season, for those skiers and riders who expect to ski a certain number of 
days during the season, and which is available in two tiers of resort access offerings. For the 2021/2022 North American ski 
season,  we  reduced  prices  of  our  entire  portfolio  of  pass  products  by  20%.  Our  pass  program  provides  a  compelling  value 
proposition to our guests, which in turn assists us in developing a loyal base of customers who commit to ski at our Resorts 
generally in advance of the ski season and typically ski more days each season at our Resorts than those guests who do not buy 
pass products. Additionally, we have entered into strategic long-term season pass alliance agreements with third-party mountain 
resorts including Telluride Ski Resort in Colorado, Sun Valley Resort in Idaho, Snowbasin Resort in Utah, Hakuba Valley and 
Rusutsu  Resort  in  Japan,  Resorts  of  the  Canadian  Rockies  in  Canada,  Les  3  Vallées  in  France,  4  Vallées  in  Switzerland, 
Skirama Dolomiti in Italy and Ski Arlberg in Austria, which further increases the value proposition of our pass products. As 
such,  our  pass  program  drives  strong  customer  loyalty,  mitigates  exposure  to  more  weather  sensitive  guests,  generates 
additional  ancillary  spending  and  provides  cash  flow  in  advance  of  winter  season  operations.  In  addition,  our  pass  program 
attracts new guests to our Resorts. All of our pass products, including the Epic Pass and Epic Day Pass, are predominately sold 
prior to the start of the ski season. Pass product revenue, although primarily collected prior to the ski season, is recognized in 
the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  throughout  the  ski  season  primarily  based  on  historical  visitation  (excluding 
visitation  data  for  Fiscal  2020,  which  we  do  not  believe  is  indicative  of  future  visitation  due  to  the  early  resort  closures 
associated with COVID-19 in March 2020).

Lift  revenue  consists  of  pass  product  lift  revenue  (“pass  revenue”)  and  non-pass  product  lift  revenue  (“non-pass  revenue”). 
Approximately 61%, 51% and 47% of total lift revenue was derived from pass revenue for Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 
2019, respectively (including the impact of the deferral of pass product revenue from Fiscal 2020 to Fiscal 2021 as a result of 
the Credit Offer, as defined below). Additionally, lift revenue for Fiscal 2021 was impacted by the Company only allowing pass 
product  holders  to  access  the  Resorts  during  the  early  portion  of  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski  season,  as  well  as  the 
Company utilizing a reservation system, which limited capacity for both pass product holders and non-pass lift tickets.

The cost structure of our mountain resort operations has a significant fixed component with variable expenses including, but not 
limited  to,  land  use  permit  or  lease  fees,  credit  card  fees,  retail/rental  cost  of  sales  and  labor,  ski  school  labor  and  expenses 
associated with dining operations. As such, profit margins can fluctuate greatly based on the level of revenues associated with 
visitation.

Lodging Segment

Operations within the Lodging segment include (i) ownership/management of a group of luxury hotels through the RockResorts 
brand proximate to our Colorado and Utah mountain resorts; (ii) ownership/management of non-RockResorts branded hotels 
and  condominiums  proximate  to  our  North  American  Resorts;  (iii)  National  Park  Service  (“NPS”)  concessionaire  properties 
including Grand Teton Lodge Company (“GTLC”); (iv) a Colorado resort ground transportation company; and (v) mountain 
resort golf courses.

The  performance  of  our  lodging  properties  (including  managed  condominium  units  and  our  Colorado  resort  ground 
transportation company) proximate to our mountain resorts is closely aligned with the performance of the Mountain segment 
and generally experiences similar seasonal trends, particularly with respect to visitation by Destination guests. Revenues from 

43

such properties represented approximately 64%, 73% and 70% of Lodging segment net revenue (excluding Lodging segment 
revenue  associated  with  reimbursement  of  payroll  costs)  for  Fiscal  2021,  Fiscal  2020  and  Fiscal  2019,  respectively. 
Management primarily focuses on Lodging net revenue excluding payroll cost reimbursements and Lodging operating expense 
excluding reimbursed payroll costs (which are not measures of financial performance under GAAP) as the reimbursements are 
made based upon the costs incurred with no added margin; as such, the revenue and corresponding expense have no effect on 
our  Lodging  Reported  EBITDA,  which  we  use  to  evaluate  Lodging  segment  performance.  Revenue  of  the  Lodging  segment 
during our first and fourth fiscal quarters is generated primarily by the operations of our NPS concessionaire properties (as their 
operating season generally occurs from June to the end of September); mountain resort golf operations and seasonally lower 
volume from our other owned and managed properties and businesses.

Real Estate Segment

The principal activities of our Real Estate segment include the sale of land parcels to third-party developers and planning for 
future  real  estate  development  projects,  including  zoning  and  acquisition  of  applicable  permits.  We  continue  undertaking 
preliminary planning and design work on future projects and are pursuing opportunities with third-party developers rather than 
undertaking  our  own  significant  vertical  development  projects.  Additionally,  real  estate  development  projects  by  third-party 
developers most often result in the creation of certain resort assets that provide additional benefit to the Mountain segment. We 
believe  that,  due  to  our  low  carrying  cost  of  real  estate  land  investments,  we  are  well  situated  to  promote  future  projects  by 
third-party developers while limiting our financial risk. Our revenue from the Real Estate segment and associated expense can 
fluctuate significantly based upon the timing of closings and the type of real estate being sold, causing volatility in the Real 
Estate segment’s operating results from period to period.

Recent Trends, Risks and Uncertainties

We have identified the following significant factors (as well as uncertainties associated with such factors) that could impact our 
future financial performance:

•

•

•

COVID-19 has led to travel restrictions and other adverse economic impacts including reduced consumer confidence, an 
increase in unemployment rates and volatility in global and local economies. Our operations continue to be negatively 
impacted  by  COVID-19  and  associated  government  mandated  restrictions,  including  capacity  limitations,  travel 
restrictions,  and  mask  and  social  distancing  requirements.  Additionally,  we  may  impose  our  own  COVID-19  related 
restrictions  in  addition  to  what  is  required  by  state  and  local  governments  in  the  interest  of  safety  for  our  guests, 
employees and resort communities. Although we are uncertain as to the ultimate severity and duration of the COVID-19 
pandemic as well as the related global or other travel restrictions and other adverse impacts, we have seen a significant 
negative change in performance and our future performance could also be negatively impacted. In addition, the North 
American  economy  may  be  impacted  by  economic  challenges  in  North  America  or  declining  or  slowing  growth  in 
economies outside of North America, accompanied by devaluation of currencies, rising inflation, trade tariffs and lower 
commodity prices. We cannot predict the ultimate impact that the global economic uncertainty as a result of COVID-19 
will  have  on  overall  travel  and  leisure  spending  or  more  specifically,  on  our  guest  visitation,  guest  spending  or  other 
related trends for the upcoming 2021/2022 North American ski season.

In the prior year, we announced the early closure of the 2019/2020 North American ski season for our Resorts, lodging 
properties and retail stores beginning on March 15, 2020. These actions (the “Resort Closures”) had a significant adverse 
impact on our results of operations for the year ended July 31, 2020. Additionally, on April 27, 2020, we announced that 
we would offer credits to customers who had purchased 2019/2020 North American pass products and who purchased 
2020/2021  North  American  pass  products  on  or  before  September  17,  2020  (the  “Credit  Offer”).  The  Credit  Offer 
discounts ranged from a minimum of 20% to a maximum of 80% for season pass holders, depending on the number of 
days the pass holder used their pass product during the 2019/2020 season and a credit, with no minimum, but up to 80% 
for multi-day pass products, such as the Epic Day Pass, based on total unused days. As a result of the Credit Offer to 
2019/2020  pass  product  holders,  we  delayed  the  recognition  of  approximately  $120.9  million  of  season  pass  deferred 
revenue, as well as approximately $2.9 million of related deferred costs, that would have been recognized in Fiscal 2020 
and which was instead primarily recognized in the second and third quarters of Fiscal 2021.

The  ongoing  impacts  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  resulted  in  reduced  visitation  and  decreased  spending  for  the 
2020/2021 North American ski season compared to the prior year through March 14, 2021, the equivalent date that we 
closed our Resorts early for the 2019/2020 North American ski season due to the outbreak of COVID-19. These declines 
were  primarily  driven  by  reduced  demand  for  Destination  visitation  at  our  western  resorts  and  COVID-19  related 
capacity limitations, which were further impacted by snowfall levels that were well below average at our Colorado, Utah 
and  Tahoe  resorts  from  the  early  season  throughout  the  holiday  season.  Visitation  and  spending  was  also  particularly 

44

impacted in regions where heightened COVID-19 restrictions were in place, including Whistler Blackcomb, Tahoe and 
Vermont. However, results continued to improve as the season progressed, primarily as a result of stronger Destination 
visitation at our Colorado and Utah resorts, including improved lift ticket purchases. Whistler Blackcomb’s results were 
disproportionately impacted as compared to our broader Mountain segment as a result of the Canadian travel restrictions 
and border closures, and were further impacted by the early closure of Whistler Blackcomb on March 30, 2021 following 
a  provincial  health  order  issued  by  the  government  of  British  Columbia  due  to  an  increase  in  COVID-19  cases  in  the 
region. Our Fiscal 2021 first quarter results were negatively impacted by Mount Hotham and Falls Creek, which opened 
for the 2020 Australian ski season on July 6, 2020, but we decided to close them four days later due to a “stay at home” 
order put in place by the Victorian government and specifically for the Melbourne metropolitan area, which represents 
the  majority  of  visitors  for  Mount  Hotham  and  Falls  Creek,  as  a  result  of  a  reemergence  of  COVID-19  in  the  region. 
Additionally, our Australian ski areas were also impacted by “stay at home” orders and periodic resort closures during 
the  2021  ski  season,  which  had  a  negative  impact  on  our  Fiscal  2021  fourth  quarter  results.  The  ongoing  impacts  of 
COVID-19  also  resulted  in  reduced  occupancy  at  our  lodging  properties  during  the  2019/2020  North  American  ski 
season  following  our  early  closure  in  March  2020,  as  well  as  during  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski  season.  We 
closed  our  GTLC  facilities  including  Jackson  Lake  Lodge  and  Jenny  Lake  Lodge  during  the  summer  of  2020, 
implemented  restrictions  on  guided  activities  and  in-restaurant  dining,  and  temporarily  closed  many  other  facilities, 
which  negatively  impacted  results  for  the  first  quarter  of  Fiscal  2021.  These  actions,  trends,  and  the  COVID-19 
pandemic in general, had a significant adverse impact on our results of operations for the Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2021, 
and may continue to have a material, negative impact on our resorts and lodging properties for the fiscal year ending July 
31, 2022 (“Fiscal 2022”).

•

•

•

The timing and amount of snowfall can have an impact on Mountain and Lodging revenue, particularly with regard to 
skier  visits  and  the  duration  and  frequency  of  guest  visitation.  To  help  mitigate  this  impact,  we  sell  a  variety  of  pass 
products prior to the beginning of the ski season which results in a more stabilized stream of lift revenue. In March 2021, 
we began our pass product sales program for the 2021/2022 North American ski season, which included a 20% reduction 
in  price  for  all  pass  products.  Pass  product  sales  through  September  17,  2021  for  the  upcoming  2021/2022  North 
American ski season increased approximately 42% in units and approximately 17% in sales dollars as compared to the 
period in the prior year through September 18, 2020, without deducting for the value of any redeemed credits provided to 
certain  North  American  pass  product  holders  in  the  prior  period.  To  provide  a  comparison  to  the  season  pass  results 
released  on  June  7,  2021,  pass  product  sales  through  September  17,  2021  increased  approximately  67%  in  units  and 
approximately  45%  in  sales  dollars  as  compared  to  the  period  through  September  20,  2019,  with  pass  product  sales 
adjusted to include Peak Resorts pass sales in both periods. Pass product sales are adjusted to eliminate the impact of 
foreign currency by applying an exchange rate of $0.79 between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar in all periods for 
Whistler Blackcomb. We cannot predict if this favorable trend will continue through the fall 2021 North American pass 
sales  campaign  or  the  overall  impact  that  pass  sales  will  have  on  lift  revenue  for  the  2021/2022  North  American  ski 
season. 

Prior to the 2020/2021 North American ski season, we introduced Epic Coverage, which is included with the purchase of 
all  pass  products  for  no  additional  charge.  Epic  Coverage  provides  refunds  in  the  event  of  certain  resort  closures  and 
certain  qualifying  travel  restrictions  (e.g.  for  COVID-19),  giving  pass  product  holders  a  refund  for  any  portion  of  the 
season  that  is  lost  due  to  qualifying  circumstances.  Additionally,  Epic  Coverage  provides  a  refund  for  qualifying 
personal circumstances that were historically covered by our pass insurance program, including for eligible injuries, job 
losses  and  many  other  personal  events.  The  estimated  amount  of  refunds  reduces  the  amount  of  pass  product  revenue 
recognized.  We  believe  our  estimate  of  refund  amounts  are  reasonable;  however,  actual  results  could  vary  materially 
from such estimates, and we could be required to refund significantly higher amounts than estimated.

Additionally, for the 2020/2021 North American ski season, we introduced Epic Mountain Rewards, a program which 
provides pass product holders a discount of 20% off on-mountain food and beverage, lodging, group ski school lessons, 
equipment rentals and more at our North American owned and operated Resorts. Epic Mountain Rewards constitutes an 
option  to  our  guests  to  purchase  additional  products  and  services  from  us  at  a  discount  and  as  a  result,  we  allocate  a 
portion of the pass product transaction price to these other lines of business.

As of July 31, 2021, we had $1,244.0 million of cash and cash equivalents as well as $417.7 million available under the 
revolver  component  of  our  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  15,  2018  and  as 
amended  most  recently  on  December  18,  2020  (the  “Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement”),  which  represents  the  total 
commitment of $500.0 million less certain letters of credit outstanding of $82.3 million. Additionally, we have a credit 
facility  which  supports  the  liquidity  needs  of  Whistler  Blackcomb  (the  “Whistler  Credit  Agreement”).  As  of  July  31, 
2021,  we  had  C$243.1  million  ($194.9  million)  available  under  the  revolver  component  of  the  Whistler  Credit 

45

Agreement (which represents the total commitment of C$300.0 million ($240.5 million) less outstanding borrowings of 
C$56.0 million ($44.9 million) and a letter of credit outstanding of C$0.9 million ($0.7 million)). 

On  December  18,  2020,  we  entered  into  the  Fourth  Amendment  to  our  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  (the  “Fourth 
Amendment”).  Pursuant  to  the  Fourth  Amendment,  among  other  terms,  we  are  exempt  from  complying  with  the  Vail 
Holdings  Credit  Agreement’s  leverage  ratio,  senior  secured  leverage  ratio,  and  interest  coverage  ratio  financial 
maintenance  covenants  for  each  of  the  fiscal  quarters  ending  through  January  31,  2022  (unless  we  make  a  one-time 
irrevocable election to terminate such exemption prior to such date) (such period, the “Financial Covenants Temporary 
Waiver Period”), after which we will again be required to comply with such covenants starting with the fiscal quarter 
ending  April  30,  2022  (or  such  earlier  fiscal  quarter  as  elected  by  us).  During  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary 
Waiver Period, we are subject to other restrictions which will limit our ability to make future acquisitions, investments, 
distributions  to  stockholders,  share  repurchases  or  incur  additional  debt.  Additionally,  on  December  18,  2020,  we 
completed an offering of $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the 
“0.0% Convertible Notes”) in a private placement conducted pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as 
amended (the “Securities Act”). The 0.0% Convertible Notes are senior, unsecured obligations that do not bear regular 
interest, and the principal amount of the 0.00% Convertible Notes does not accrete. The notes will mature on January 1, 
2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. See Liquidity and Capital Resources for additional information.

We  believe  that  our  existing  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  availability  under  our  credit  agreements  and  the  expected 
positive cash flow from operating activities of our Mountain and Lodging segments less resort capital expenditures will 
continue to provide us with sufficient liquidity to fund our operations.

Results of Operations

Summary

Shown below is a summary of operating results for Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019 (in thousands):

Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Income before provision for income taxes
Mountain Reported EBITDA
Lodging Reported EBITDA
Resort Reported EBITDA
Real Estate Reported EBITDA

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 

127,850  $ 
125,183  $ 
550,389  $ 
(5,733)   
544,656  $ 
(4,582)  $ 

98,833  $ 
116,433  $ 
500,080  $ 
3,269 
503,349  $ 
(4,128)  $ 

301,163 
398,965 
678,594 
28,100 
706,694 
(4,317) 

A  discussion  of  segment  results,  including  reconciliations  of  net  income  attributable  to  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  to  Total  Reported 
EBITDA,  and  other  items  can  be  found  below.  The  consolidated  results  of  operations,  including  any  consolidated  financial 
metrics  pertaining  thereto,  include  the  operations  of  Peak  Resorts  (acquired  September  24,  2019),  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham 
(acquired  April  4,  2019),  Triple  Peaks  (acquired  September  27,  2018)  and  Stevens  Pass  (acquired  August  15,  2018), 
prospectively from their respective dates of acquisition.

The  Resort  Closures  had  a  significant  adverse  impact  on  our  results  of  operations  for  Fiscal  2020.  Additionally,  COVID-19 
continued to have an adverse impact on our results of operations for Fiscal 2021, as further described below in our segment 
results of operations.

The sections titled “Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020” and “Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019” in each of the Mountain 
and Lodging segment discussions below provide comparisons of financial and operating performance for Fiscal 2021 to Fiscal 
2020 and Fiscal 2020 to Fiscal 2019, respectively, unless otherwise noted.

46

 
  
 
 
Mountain Segment

Mountain  segment  operating  results  for  Fiscal  2021,  Fiscal  2020  and  Fiscal  2019  are  presented  by  category  as  follows  (in 
thousands, except ETP):

Year ended July 31,

Percentage

Increase/(Decrease)

2021

2020

2019

2021/2020

2020/2019

Mountain net revenue:

Lift 
Ski school
Dining
Retail/rental
Other

Total Mountain net revenue

Mountain operating expense:

Labor and labor-related benefits

Retail cost of sales
Resort related fees
General and administrative
Other

Total Mountain operating expense
Mountain equity investment income, net

Mountain Reported EBITDA
Total skier visits
ETP

$ 

1,076,578  $ 
144,227 
90,329 
227,993 
150,751 
1,689,878 

913,091  $ 
189,131 
160,763 
270,299 
177,159 
1,710,443 

1,033,234 
215,060 
181,837 
320,267 
205,803 
1,956,201 

452,352 
76,565 
69,768 
253,279 
294,223 
1,146,187 

473,365 
96,497 
75,044 
239,412 
327,735 
1,212,053 

6,698 
550,389  $ 
14,852 

72.49  $ 

1,690 
500,080  $ 
13,483 
67.72  $ 

$ 

$ 

507,811 
121,442 
96,240 
233,159 
320,915 
1,279,567 

1,960 
678,594 
14,998 
68.89 

 17.9 %
 (23.7) %
 (43.8) %
 (15.7) %
 (14.9) %
 (1.2) %

 (4.4) %
 (20.7) %
 (7.0) %
 5.8 %
 (10.2) %
 (5.4) %

 296.3 %
 10.1 %
 10.2 %
 7.0 %

 (11.6) %
 (12.1) %
 (11.6) %
 (15.6) %
 (13.9) %
 (12.6) %

 (6.8) %
 (20.5) %
 (22.0) %
 2.7 %
 2.1 %
 (5.3) %

 (13.8) %
 (26.3) %
 (10.1) %
 (1.7) %

Mountain Reported EBITDA includes $20.3 million, $17.4 million and $16.5 million of stock-based compensation expense for 
Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, respectively.

Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020

Mountain Reported EBITDA increased $50.3 million, or 10.1%, primarily due to the impact of the prior year Resort Closures, 
including the deferral of $120.9 million of pass product revenue from Fiscal 2020 to Fiscal 2021 as a result of the Credit Offer 
to 2019/2020 North American pass product holders, as well as cost discipline efforts in the current year associated with lower 
levels  of  operations.  These  increases  were  partially  offset  by  limitations  and  restrictions  on  our  North  American  winter 
operations  and  closures,  limitations  and  restrictions  at  Perisher,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  during  both  the  2020  and  2021 
Australian ski seasons. Additionally, Whistler Blackcomb’s performance was negatively impacted in the current year due to the 
continued  closure  of  the  Canadian  border  to  international  guests  and  was  further  impacted  by  the  resort  closing  earlier  than 
expected  on  March  30,  2021  following  a  provincial  health  order  issued  by  the  government  of  British  Columbia.  Mountain 
segment results also include $1.0 million and $13.6 million of acquisition and integration related expenses for Fiscal 2021 and 
Fiscal  2020,  respectively,  which  are  recorded  within  Mountain  other  operating  expense.  Additionally,  operating  results  from 
Whistler Blackcomb, which are translated from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars, were favorably affected by increases in the 
Canadian dollar exchange rate relative to the U.S. dollar as compared to the prior year, resulting in an increase  in Mountain 
Reported EBITDA of approximately $2 million, which the Company calculated by applying current period foreign exchange 
rates to the prior period results.

Lift  revenue  increased  $163.5  million,  or  17.9%,  primarily  due  to  the  Company  operating  for  the  full  U.S.  ski  season  in  the 
current year as compared to the shortened operating season in the prior year as a result of the Resort Closures, including the 
deferral impact of the Credit Offer from Fiscal 2020 to Fiscal 2021, partially offset by limitations and restrictions on our North 
American winter operations in the current year due to the ongoing impacts of COVID-19, which resulted in a decrease in non-
pass visitation. Pass product revenue increased 40.6%, primarily as a result of strong North American pass sales growth for the 
2020/2021  ski  season,  including  the  deferral  impact  of  the  Credit  Offer  which  was  recognized  primarily  during  Fiscal  2021. 
Non-pass  revenue  decreased  5.7%  due  to  reduced  non-pass  visitation  to  our  Resorts,  which  were  adversely  impacted  by 
COVID-19  related  capacity  limitations  and  snowfall  levels  that  were  well  below  average  at  our  Colorado,  Utah  and  Tahoe 

47

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
resorts through the holiday season, partially offset by an increase in non-pass ETP of 10.1% in the current year. Visitation was 
particularly impacted in regions where heightened COVID-19 related restrictions were in place, including Whistler Blackcomb, 
Tahoe and Vermont. Additionally, Whistler Blackcomb’s results were disproportionately impacted as compared to our broader 
Mountain segment performance in the current year due to the continued closure of the Canadian border to international guests, 
and  was  further  impacted  by  the  resort  closing  earlier  than  expected  on  March  30,  2021  following  a  provincial  health  order 
issued by the government of British Columbia.

Ski school revenue, dining revenue and retail/rental revenue each decreased in Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020 primarily 
due  to  the  limitations  and  restrictions  on  our  North  American  operations  during  Fiscal  2021  as  a  result  of  the  impacts  of 
COVID-19 on our business.

Other revenue mainly consists of summer visitation and mountain activities revenue, employee housing revenue, guest services 
revenue,  commercial  leasing  revenue,  marketing  and  internet  advertising  revenue,  private  club  revenue  (which  includes  both 
club dues and amortization of initiation fees), municipal services revenue and other recreation activity revenue. Other revenue is 
also  comprised  of  Australian  ski  area  lodging  and  transportation  revenue.  For  Fiscal  2021,  other  revenue  decreased 
$26.4 million, or 14.9%, primarily due to decreased mountain activities and mountain services revenue as a result of limitations 
and restrictions on our business in Fiscal 2021 due to COVID-19, as well as a reduction in ski pass insurance revenue as a result 
of  the  replacement  of  our  previous  ski  pass  insurance  program  with  Epic  Coverage  for  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski 
season, which is free to all pass product holders.

Operating expense decreased $65.9 million, or 5.4%, which was primarily attributable to cost discipline efforts in the current 
year  associated  with  lower  levels  of  operations  and  limitations,  restrictions  and  closures  of  Resort  operations  resulting  from 
COVID-19.  Additionally,  operating  expense  includes  $1.0  million  and  $13.6  million  of  acquisition  and  integration  related 
expenses for Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, respectively.

Labor  and  labor-related  benefits  decreased  4.4%,  primarily  due  to  cost  discipline  efforts  in  the  current  year  associated  with 
limitations,  restrictions  and  closures  of  our  Resort  operations  as  a  result  of  COVID-19,  as  well  as  incremental  tax  credits  of 
approximately $10.3 million primarily associated with COVID-19 related legislation passed in Canada, partially offset by an 
increase  in  variable  compensation.  Retail  cost  of  sales  decreased  20.7%  compared  to  a  decrease  in  retail  sales  of  23.5%, 
reflecting  a  higher  mix  of  aged  retail  products  sold  at  reduced  margins.  Resort  related  fees  decreased  7.0%  primarily  due  to 
decreases  in  revenue  on  which  those  fees  are  based.  General  and  administrative  expense  increased  5.8%,  primarily  due  to  a 
$13.2 million charge recorded during the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2021 for a contingent obligation with respect to employment-
related  litigation,  as  well  as  an  increase  in  variable  compensation  accruals,  partially  offset  by  incremental  tax  credits  of 
approximately  $2.7  million  primarily  associated  with  COVID-19  related  legislation  passed  in  Canada  and  Australia.  Other 
expense decreased 10.2% primarily due to decreases in variable operating expenses associated with reduced revenues, as well 
as a decrease in acquisition and integration related expenses of $12.6 million.

Mountain equity investment income, net primarily includes our share of income from the operations of a real estate brokerage 
joint venture. Mountain equity investment income from the real estate brokerage company increased $5.0 million (296.3%) for 
Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020 due to a significant increase in both the number of real estate sales and the average price 
of those sales.

Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019

Mountain Reported EBITDA decreased $178.5 million, or 26.3%, primarily due to the impact of the deferral of $120.9 million 
of pass product revenue during Fiscal 2020 as a result of the Credit Offer to 2019/2020 North American pass product holders 
from the Resort Closures and the overall impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in significantly reduced visitation 
and operations at our Resorts and retail stores for the 2019/2020 North American ski season, the 2020 Australian ski season and 
our  2020  North  American  summer  operations.  These  decreases  were  partially  offset  by  the  incremental  operations  of  Peak 
Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham.  Mountain  segment  results  include  $13.6  million  and  $16.4  million  of  acquisition  and 
integration related expenses for Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, respectively, which are recorded within Mountain other operating 
expense.

Lift  revenue  decreased  $120.1  million,  or  11.6%,  primarily  due  to  a  3.4%  decrease  in  pass  product  revenue  and  an  18.8% 
decrease  in  non-pass  revenue.  Pass  product  revenue  decreased  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  deferral  of  approximately 
$120.9 million of pass product revenue associated with the Credit Offer to 2019/2020 North American pass product holders, 
which  would  have  been  recognized  during  Fiscal  2020  and  which  was  instead  recognized  primarily  in  the  second  and  third 
quarters of Fiscal 2021, partially offset by a combination of an increase in pricing and units sold and increased pass sales to 
Destination guests, as well as the introduction of the Epic Day Pass. Non-pass revenue decreased primarily due to significantly 

48

reduced  skier  visitation  as  a  result  of  the  Resort  Closures,  partially  offset  by  an  increase  in  non-pass  ETP  (excluding  Peak 
Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham)  of  6.2%  and  incremental  revenue  from  Peak  Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  of 
approximately  $61.4  million.  Total  non-pass  ETP,  including  the  impact  of  Peak  Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  decreased 
7.3%.

Ski school revenue, dining revenue and retail/rental revenue in Fiscal 2020 all decreased compared to Fiscal 2019 due to the 
Resort  Closures.  These  decreases  were  partially  offset  by  incremental  revenue  from  our  acquisitions  of  Peak  Resorts,  Falls 
Creek and Hotham of $18.0 million of ski school revenue, $23.8 million of dining revenue and $26.8 million of retail/rental 
revenue.

Other revenue mainly consists of summer visitation and mountain activities revenue, employee housing revenue, guest services 
revenue,  commercial  leasing  revenue,  marketing  and  internet  advertising  revenue,  private  club  revenue  (which  includes  both 
club dues and amortization of initiation fees), municipal services revenue and other recreation activity revenue. Other revenue is 
also comprised of Australian ski area lodging and transportation revenue. For Fiscal 2020, other revenue decreased as a result 
of the Resort Closures, partially offset by incremental revenue from Peak Resorts of approximately $12.6 million.

Resort  Closures  and  the  associated  actions  taken  by  the  Company  to  reduce  costs  resulted  in  a  decrease  in  our  operating 
expense of $67.5 million, or 5.3%, which includes incremental operating expenses from Peak Resorts, Falls Creek and Hotham 
of approximately $121.4 million, as well as $13.6 million and $16.4 million of acquisition and integration related expenses for 
Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, respectively.

Labor  and  labor-related  benefits  decreased  6.8%,  which  primarily  resulted  from  cost  actions  associated  with  the  Resort 
Closures, including decreased staffing, employee furloughs, salary reductions and reduced variable compensation accruals, as 
well as tax credits of approximately $12.0 million associated with COVID-19 related legislation passed in the U.S., Canada and 
Australia, partially offset by incremental expenses from Peak Resorts, Falls Creek and Hotham of approximately $50.7 million. 
Retail  cost  of  sales  decreased  20.5%  compared  to  a  decrease  in  retail  sales  of  20.1%.  Resort  related  fees  decreased  22.0% 
primarily due to decreases in revenue on which those fees are based, partially offset by incremental expenses from Peak Resorts 
of approximately $4.3 million. General and administrative expense increased 2.7% primarily due to incremental expenses from 
Peak  Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  of  approximately  $18.9  million,  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in  allocated  corporate 
overhead  costs,  a  decrease  in  variable  compensation  accruals  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  Resort  Closures  and  tax  credits  of 
approximately  $3.3  million  associated  with  COVID-19  related  legislation  passed  in  the  U.S.,  Canada  and  Australia.  Other 
expense  increased  2.1%  primarily  due  to  incremental  operating  expenses  from  Peak  Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  of 
approximately $42.2 million, partially offset by decreases in variable operating expenses associated with the Resort Closures, as 
well as a decrease in acquisition and integration related expenses.

Mountain equity investment income, net primarily includes our share of income from the operations of a real estate brokerage 
joint venture.

49

Lodging Segment

Lodging  segment  operating  results  for  Fiscal  2021,  Fiscal  2020  and  Fiscal  2019  are  presented  by  category  as  follows  (in 
thousands, except ADR and RevPAR):

Year ended July 31,

Percentage

Increase/(Decrease)

2021

2020

2019

2021/2020

2020/2019

Lodging net revenue:

Owned hotel rooms
Managed condominium rooms
Dining
Transportation
Golf
Other

Lodging net revenue (excluding payroll 
cost reimbursements)

Payroll cost reimbursements

Total Lodging net revenue
Lodging operating expense:

Labor and labor-related benefits
General and administrative
Other

Lodging operating expense (excluding 
reimbursed payroll costs)

Reimbursed payroll costs
Total Lodging operating expense
Lodging Reported EBITDA

Owned hotel statistics (1)

ADR

RevPar

Managed condominium statistics (1)

ADR

RevPar

Owned hotel and managed condominium 
statistics (combined) (1)

ADR

RevPar

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

47,509  $ 
72,217 
19,068 
9,271 
20,437 
43,007 

44,992  $ 
76,480 
38,252 
15,796 
17,412 
44,933 

211,509 
6,553 
218,062 

101,582 
43,714 
71,946 

217,242 
6,553 
223,795 

237,865 
10,549 
248,414 

114,279 
39,283 
81,034 

234,596 
10,549 
245,145 

(5,733)  $ 

3,269  $ 

64,826 
86,236 
53,730 
21,275 
19,648 
54,617 

300,332 
14,330 
314,662 

135,940 
41,256 
95,036 

272,232 
14,330 
286,562 
28,100 

264.83  $ 

122.45  $ 

266.43  $ 

122.34  $ 

256.50 

175.45 

349.08  $ 

328.98  $ 

77.74  $ 

83.10  $ 

324.34 

107.67 

322.15  $ 

310.76  $ 

85.99  $ 

90.37  $ 

300.47 

121.81 

 5.6 %
 (5.6) %
 (50.2) %
 (41.3) %
 17.4 %
 (4.3) %

 (11.1) %
 (37.9) %
 (12.2) %

 (11.1) %
 11.3 %
 (11.2) %

 (7.4) %
 (37.9) %
 (8.7) %
 (275.4) %

 (0.6) %

 0.1 %

 6.1 %

 (6.5) %

 3.7 %

 (4.8) %

 (30.6) %
 (11.3) %
 (28.8) %
 (25.8) %
 (11.4) %
 (17.7) %

 (20.8) %
 (26.4) %
 (21.1) %

 (15.9) %
 (4.8) %
 (14.7) %

 (13.8) %
 (26.4) %
 (14.5) %
 (88.4) %

 3.9 %

 (30.3) %

 1.4 %

 (22.8) %

 3.4 %

 (25.8) %

(1)  RevPAR  for  Fiscal  2021  and  Fiscal  2020  declined  from  Fiscal  2019  primarily  due  to  limitations  and  restrictions  on  our 
North American operations resulting from COVID-19, as well as the impact of the Resort Closures.

Lodging  Reported  EBITDA  includes  $3.8  million,  $3.4  million  and  $3.2  million  of  stock-based  compensation  expense  for 
Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, respectively.

Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020

Lodging  Reported  EBITDA  for  Fiscal  2021  decreased  $9.0  million,  or  275.4%,  primarily  as  a  result  of  limitations  and 
restrictions on our North American operations in the current year as a result of the impacts of COVID-19, which resulted in 
reduced occupancy and capacity-related restrictions at our lodging properties compared to the prior year.

Revenue from managed condominium rooms, dining, transportation, and other revenue each decreased primarily as a result of 
the  impacts  of  COVID-19.  These  decreases  were  partially  offset  by  increases  in  revenue  from  golf,  primarily  due  to  strong 

50

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
summer demand in Fiscal 2021, and owned hotel rooms, primarily as a result of increased revenue from GTLC and partially 
offset by decreases at our other lodging properties as a result of the impacts of COVID-19.

Operating  expense  (excluding  reimbursed  payroll  costs)  decreased  7.4%.  Labor  and  labor  related  benefits  decreased  11.1% 
primarily due to decreased staffing associated with COVID-19. General and administrative expense increased 11.3% due to an 
increase  in  allocated  corporate  overhead  costs  across  all  functions,  including  variable  compensation  accruals,  primarily  as  a 
result  of  lower  costs  in  the  prior  year  associated  with  the  Resort  Closures.  Other  expense  decreased  11.2%  related  to  lower 
variable expenses associated with reduced revenue as a result of COVID-19.

Revenue from payroll cost reimbursement and the corresponding reimbursed payroll costs relate to payroll costs at managed 
hotel  properties  where  we  are  the  employer  and  all  payroll  costs  are  reimbursed  by  the  owners  of  the  properties  under 
contractual arrangements. Since the reimbursements are made based upon the costs incurred with no added margin, the revenue 
and corresponding expense have no effect on our Lodging Reported EBITDA.

Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019

Lodging Reported EBITDA for Fiscal 2020 decreased $24.8 million, or 88.4%, primarily due to the impacts of the COVID-19 
pandemic and the associated Resort Closures.

Primarily  as  a  result  of  the  Resort  Closures,  revenue  from  owned  hotel  rooms,  managed  condominium  rooms,  dining, 
transportation, golf and other revenue each decreased. The decreases resulting from the Resort Closures were partially offset by 
$13.7 million of incremental revenue from Peak Resorts and Triple Peaks.

Operating  expense  (excluding  reimbursed  payroll  costs)  decreased  13.8%.  Labor  and  labor  related  benefits  decreased  15.9% 
primarily  due  to  cost  actions  associated  with  the  Resort  Closures,  including  decreased  staffing,  employee  furloughs,  salary 
reductions  and  reduced  variable  compensation  accruals,  as  well  as  tax  credits  of  approximately  $2.2  million  associated  with 
recent COVID-19 related legislation passed in the U.S., Canada and Australia, partially offset by $6.4 million of incremental 
expenses  from  Peak  Resorts  and  Triple  Peaks.  General  and  administrative  expense  decreased  4.8%  due  to  lower  allocated 
corporate  overhead  costs  primarily  associated  with  a  reduction  in  variable  compensation  accruals,  as  well  as  tax  credits  of 
approximately  $0.5  million  associated  with  recent  COVID-19  related  legislation  passed  in  the  U.S.,  Canada  and  Australia. 
Other expenses decreased 14.7% primarily related to lower variable expenses associated with the impact of the Resort Closures, 
partially offset by $4.7 million of incremental expenses from Peak Resorts and Triple Peaks.

Revenue from payroll cost reimbursement and the corresponding reimbursed payroll costs relate to payroll costs at managed 
hotel  properties  where  we  are  the  employer  and  all  payroll  costs  are  reimbursed  by  the  owners  of  the  properties  under 
contractual arrangements. Since the reimbursements are made based upon the costs incurred with no added margin, the revenue 
and corresponding expense have no effect on our Lodging Reported EBITDA.

Real Estate Segment

Our  Real  Estate  net  revenue  is  primarily  determined  by  the  timing  of  closings  and  the  mix  of  real  estate  sold  in  any  given 
period. Different types of projects have different revenue and profit margins; therefore, as the real estate inventory mix changes, 
it can greatly impact Real Estate segment net revenue, operating expense, gain on sale of real property and Real Estate Reported 
EBITDA.

51

Real  Estate  segment  operating  results  for  Fiscal  2021,  Fiscal  2020  and  Fiscal  2019  are  presented  by  category  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

Year ended July 31,

Percentage

Increase/(Decrease)

2021

2020

2019

2021/2020

2020/2019

$ 

1,770  $ 

4,847  $ 

712 

 (63.5) %

 580.8 %

1,294 

5,382 
6,676 
324 
(4,582)  $ 

3,932 

5,250 
9,182 
207 
(4,128)  $ 

13 

5,596 
5,609 
580 
(4,317) 

 (67.1) %

 2.5 %
 (27.3) %
 56.5 %
 (11.0) %

 30,146.2 %

 (6.2) %
 63.7 %
 (64.3) %
 4.4 %

Total Real Estate net revenue
Real Estate operating expense:

Cost of sales (including sales 
commissions)
Other

Total Real Estate operating expense
Gain on sale of real property

Real Estate Reported EBITDA

$ 

Fiscal 2021

We did not close on any significant real estate transactions during Fiscal 2021. Other operating expense of $5.4 million was 
primarily  comprised  of  general  and  administrative  costs,  such  as  labor  and  labor-related  benefits,  professional  services  and 
allocated corporate overhead costs.

Fiscal 2020

During Fiscal 2020, we closed on the sale of a development land parcel for $4.1 million which was recorded within Real Estate 
net revenue, with a corresponding cost of sale (including sales commission) of $3.9 million.

Other operating expense of $5.3 million was primarily comprised of general and administrative costs, such as labor and labor-
related benefits, professional services and allocated corporate overhead costs. 

Fiscal 2019

We closed on two land sales during the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 with third party developers at Keystone (One River Run 
site) and Breckenridge (East Peak 8 site) for proceeds of approximately $16.0 million, including $4.8 million associated with 
the sale of density for the Breckenridge property. The land parcel sales were accounted for as financing arrangements as a result 
of the Company’s continuing involvement with the underlying assets that were sold, including but not limited to, the obligation 
to  repurchase  finished  commercial  space  from  the  development  projects  upon  completion.  As  a  result,  the  estimated  gain  of 
$3.6 million associated with the East Peak 8 site and the estimated loss of $3.2 million associated with the One River Run site 
will be deferred until the Company no longer maintains continuing involvement. Additionally, the Company’s future obligation 
to repurchase finished commercial space in the two completed projects, as well as other related capital spending, will result in 
total estimated capital expenditures of up to approximately $9.5 million in future fiscal years.

Other operating expense of $5.6 million was primarily comprised of general and administrative costs, such as labor and labor-
related benefits, professional services and allocated corporate overhead costs. Real Estate Reported EBITDA also included a 
gain on sale of real property of $0.6 million for the sale of land parcels.

52

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Items

In  addition  to  segment  operating  results,  the  following  items  contributed  to  our  overall  financial  position  and  results  of 
operations (in thousands).

Year ended July 31,

Percentage Increase/(Decrease)

Depreciation and amortization

Asset impairments

2021
$ (252,585) 

2020
$ (249,572) 

2019
$ (218,117) 

$ 

— 

$  (28,372) 

$ 

$ 

— 

(5,367) 

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

$  (14,402) 

$ 

2,964 

Interest expense, net 
Foreign currency gain (loss) on intercompany 
loans

Provision for income taxes

Effective tax rate

$ (151,399) 

$ (106,721) 

$  (79,496) 

$ 

$ 

8,282 

(726) 

$ 

$ 

(3,230) 

$ 

(2,854) 

(7,378) 

$  (75,472) 

 (0.6) %

 (6.3) %

 (18.9) %

2021/2020

2020/2019

 1.2 %

 (100.0) %

 (585.9) %

 41.9 %

 356.4 %

 (90.2) %

(5.7 pts)

 14.4 %

nm

 155.2 %

 34.2 %

 (13.2) %

 (90.2) %

(12.6 pts)

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense for Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020 increased over Fiscal 
2019  primarily  due  to  assets  acquired  in  the  Peak  Resorts  acquisition  (incremental  impact  of  $24.3  million  in  Fiscal  2020 
relative to Fiscal 2019), as well as discretionary capital projects completed at our resorts in each fiscal year.

Asset  impairments.  We  recorded  an  asset  impairment  of  approximately  $28.4  million  during  Fiscal  2020  as  a  result  of  the 
effects of COVID-19 on our Colorado resort ground transportation company, with corresponding reductions to goodwill, net 
of $25.7 million and intangible assets, net and property, plant and equipment, net of $2.7 million. See Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements for additional information.

Change in fair value of contingent consideration. We recorded a loss of $14.4 million during Fiscal 2021 primarily related to 
improved  performance  compared  to  estimated  results  for  Park  City  in  Fiscal  2021,  resulting  in  an  increase  in  the  expected 
payment for the year, as well as accretion resulting from the passage of time. We recorded a gain of $3.0 million during Fiscal 
2020 primarily related to a decrease in the estimated Contingent Consideration payments for Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2021 as a 
result of a decrease in expected results due to the anticipated impacts of COVID-19. We recorded a loss of $5.4 million during 
Fiscal 2019 primarily related to the estimated Contingent Consideration payment for Fiscal 2019. The estimated fair value of 
contingent consideration is based on assumptions for EBITDA of Park City in future periods, as calculated under the lease on 
which  participating  payments  are  determined,  and  was  $29.6  million  and  $17.8  million  as  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively. 

Interest  expense,  net.  Interest  expense,  net  for  Fiscal  2021  increased  compared  to  Fiscal  2020  primarily  due  to  borrowings 
under  our  6.25%  unsecured  bond  offering,  which  was  completed  on  May  4,  2020  (the  “6.25%  Notes”)  and  generated 
approximately  $28.3  million  of  incremental  interest  expense  in  Fiscal  2021,  and  $12.5  million  of  non-cash  interest  expense 
associated  with  amortization  of  the  debt  discount  for  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes,  which  were  issued  in  December  2020. 
Interest expense, net for Fiscal 2020 increased compared to Fiscal 2019 primarily due to debt obligations assumed in the Peak 
Resorts acquisition; borrowings under our 6.25% unsecured bond offering which was completed on May 4, 2020; incremental 
term loan borrowings under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement of $335.6 million, which were used to fund the Peak Resorts 
acquisition  in  September  2019;  and  incremental  borrowings  under  the  revolver  components  of  our  Vail  Holdings  Credit 
Agreement  and  Whistler  Credit  Agreement,  which  were  almost  entirely  drawn  on  during  Fiscal  2020  as  a  precautionary 
measure in order to increase our cash position and financial flexibility in light of the financial market conditions resulting from 
the COVID-19 pandemic and were subsequently paid down, partially offset by a decrease in variable interest rates.

Foreign  currency  gain  (loss)  on  intercompany  loans.  Foreign  currency  gain  (loss)  on  intercompany  loans  for  Fiscal  2021 
increased  as  compared  to  Fiscal  2020  and  decreased  for  Fiscal  2020  as  compared  to  Fiscal  2019  as  a  result  of  the  Canadian 
dollar fluctuating relative to the U.S. dollar, and was associated with an intercompany loan from Vail Holdings, Inc. to Whistler 
Blackcomb in the original amount of $210.0 million that was funded, effective as of November 1, 2016, in connection with the 
acquisition of Whistler Blackcomb. This intercompany loan, which had an outstanding balance of approximately $97.2 million 
as  of  July  31,  2021,  requires  foreign  currency  remeasurement  to  Canadian  dollars,  the  functional  currency  for  Whistler 
Blackcomb. As a result, foreign currency fluctuations associated with the loan are recorded within our results of operations.

53

Provision for income taxes. The effective tax rate was (0.6)%, (6.3)% and (18.9)% in Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019, 
respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate provision during Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020 was primarily driven 
by an increase in excess tax benefits from employee share awards that were exercised (stock appreciation rights) and that vested 
(restricted stock awards). The decrease in the effective tax rate during Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019 was primarily due 
to lower full year pre-tax net income, as well as a one-time, provisional $3.8 million benefit related to the net operating loss 
carryback  provision  of  the  Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief,  and  Economic  Security  Act,  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in  excess  tax 
benefits from employee share awards that were exercised (stock appreciation rights) and that vested (restricted stock awards).

Reconciliation of Segment Earnings

The following table reconciles net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to Total Reported EBITDA for Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 
2020 and Fiscal 2019 (in thousands): 

Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income

Provision for income taxes

Income before provision for income taxes

Depreciation and amortization

Asset impairments

Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets and other, net

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Investment income and other, net

Foreign currency (gain) loss on intercompany loans

Interest expense, net

Total Reported EBITDA

Mountain Reported EBITDA

Lodging Reported EBITDA

Resort Reported EBITDA

Real Estate Reported EBITDA

Total Reported EBITDA

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

127,850  $ 

98,833  $ 

(3,393)   

124,457 

726 

125,183 

252,585 

— 

5,373 

14,402 

(586)   

(8,282)   

151,399 

10,222 

109,055 

7,378 

116,433 

249,572 

28,372 

(838)   

(2,964)   

(1,305)   

3,230 

106,721 

301,163 

22,330 

323,493 

75,472 

398,965 

218,117 

— 

664 

5,367 

(3,086) 

2,854 

79,496 

$ 

$ 

540,074  $ 

499,221  $ 

702,377 

550,389  $ 

500,080  $ 

(5,733)   

544,656 

(4,582)   

3,269 

503,349 

(4,128)   

678,594 

28,100 

706,694 

(4,317) 

$ 

540,074  $ 

499,221  $ 

702,377 

The following table reconciles long-term debt, net to Net Debt (defined as long-term debt, net plus long-term debt due within 
one year less cash and cash equivalents) (in thousands):

Long-term debt, net

Long-term debt due within one year

Total debt

Less: cash and cash equivalents

Net Debt

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

$ 

2,736,175  $ 

2,387,122 

114,117 

2,850,292 

1,243,962 

63,677 

2,450,799 

390,980 

$ 

1,606,330  $ 

2,059,819 

54

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Changes in significant sources and uses of cash for Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 2019 are presented by categories as 
follows (in thousands):

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

$ 

525,250  $ 

(103,329) $ 

434,662  $ 

394,950  $ 

(492,739) $ 

376,233  $ 

634,231 

(596,034) 

(99,558) 

Historically, we have lower cash available at the end of each first and fourth fiscal quarter-end as compared to our second and 
third  fiscal  quarter-ends,  primarily  due  to  the  seasonality  of  our  Mountain  segment  operations,  although  our  available  cash 
balances as of July 31, 2021 and 2020 were higher than our historical July 31 balance as a result of the various debt offerings 
we completed in Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, and our suspension of dividend payments.

Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020

We  generated  $525.3  million  of  cash  from  operating  activities  during  Fiscal  2021,  an  increase  of  $130.3  million  when 
compared to $395.0 million of cash generated during Fiscal 2020. The increase in operating cash flows was primarily a result of 
(i) an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities (excluding accounts payable and accrued liabilities assumed through 
acquisitions) primarily due to an increase in accrued trade payables, salaries and wages in the current year due to a return to 
more normal operations, as compared to significantly lower accruals in the prior year due to the Resort Closures; (ii) an increase 
in pass product sales and collections as compared to the prior year, primarily as a result of the impacts of COVID-19, including 
the extended pass product sales deadline in the prior year and the impact of the Credit Offer; and (iii) a decrease in inventories 
(excluding  inventories  assumed  through  acquisitions)  as  of  July  31,  2021  as  compared  to  the  beginning  of  the  fiscal  year 
relative to an increase in the prior year period. These increases were partially offset by an increase in cash interest payments of 
$37.3 million in Fiscal 2021 as compared to the prior year, primarily due to incremental cash interest payments on the 6.25% 
Notes issued in May 2020, for which the first interest payments were made during Fiscal 2021.

Cash used in investing activities for Fiscal 2021 decreased by $389.4 million, primarily due to cash payments of $327.6 million, 
net of cash acquired, related to the acquisition of Peak Resorts during Fiscal 2020. Additionally, capital expenditures decreased 
by  $57.2  million  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  deferral  of  a  significant  amount  of  discretionary  capital  projects  related  to  the 
Company’s decision during the outbreak of COVID-19 to prioritize near-term liquidity.

Cash provided by financing activities increased by $58.4 million during Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020, primarily due to 
(i)  proceeds  of  $575.0  million  from  the  issuance  of  our  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  during  the  Fiscal  2021;  (ii)  a  decrease  in 
dividends paid of $212.7 million; (iii) a decrease in net payments of $208.0 million under the revolver component of our Vail 
Holdings  Credit  Agreement;  and  (iv)  a  decrease  in  repurchases  of  common  stock  of  $46.4  million.  These  increases  were 
partially offset by (i) proceeds of $600.0 million related to the issuance of our 6.25% Notes during Fiscal 2020; (ii) proceeds of 
$335.6 million from incremental borrowings under the term loan portion of our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement during Fiscal 
2020, which were used to fund the Peak Resorts acquisition; (iii) an increase in net payments under the revolver component of 
our  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  of  $23.5  million;  and  (iv)  an  increase  in  employee  taxes  paid  for  equity  award  exercises  of 
$19.6 million.

Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019

We generated $395.0 million of cash from operating activities during Fiscal 2020, a decrease of $239.3 million when compared 
to  $634.2  million  of  cash  generated  during  Fiscal  2019.  The  decrease  in  operating  cash  flows  was  primarily  a  result  of 
decreased Mountain and Lodging segment operating results in Fiscal 2020, primarily due to the Resort Closures; a decrease in 
accounts payable and accrued liabilities due to declines associated with the Resort Closures (excluding accounts payable and 
accrued  liabilities  assumed  through  acquisitions)  and  an  increase  in  cash  interest  payments  of  approximately  $17.5  million 
primarily  associated  with  debt  assumed  in  the  Peak  Resorts  acquisition  and  incremental  term  loan  and  revolver  borrowings 
under our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement. These decreases were partially offset by increased North American pass product 
sales and receivable collections for the 2019/2020 North American ski season as compared to the prior year and a decrease in 
estimated tax payments of $23.1 million. Additionally we generated approximately $4.4 million of proceeds from real estate 
development  land  parcel  sales  in  Fiscal  2020  compared  to  $0.1  million  in  proceeds  from  real  estate  development  project 
closings that occurred in the prior year.

55

Cash used in investing activities for Fiscal 2020 decreased by $103.3 million, primarily due to cash payments of $327.6 million, 
net of cash acquired, related to the acquisition of Peak Resorts during Fiscal 2020, as compared to cash payments of $419.0 
million, net of cash acquired, related to the acquisitions of Triple Peaks, Stevens Pass, Falls Creek and Hotham during Fiscal 
2019. Additionally, capital expenditures decreased by $19.7 million primarily as a result of actions associated with the deferral 
of discretionary capital projects related to the Company’s decision to prioritize near-term liquidity.

Cash provided by financing activities increased by $475.8 million during Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019, primarily due to 
(i)  the  $600.0  million  issuance  of  the  6.25%  Notes  in  Fiscal  2020;  (ii)  an  increase  in  proceeds  from  incremental  borrowings 
under the term loan portion of our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement from $265.5 million during Fiscal 2019, which were used to 
fund the Triple Peaks and Stevens Pass acquisitions, to $335.6 million during Fiscal 2020, which were used to fund the Peak 
Resorts  acquisition;  (iii)  an  increase  in  net  borrowings  under  the  revolver  component  of  our  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  of 
$24.1 million, primarily relating to funds which were drawn as a precautionary measure in order to increase our cash position 
and financial flexibility in light of the financial market conditions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic; (iv) a decrease in 
repurchases of common stock of $38.6 million; and (v) a decrease in dividend payments of $47.8 million associated with the 
Company’s  decision  to  prioritize  near-term  liquidity.  These  increases  in  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  were  partially 
offset by (i) an increase in net payments on borrowings under the revolver component of our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement 
of  $286.0  million;  (ii)  an  increase  in  financing  cost  payments  of  $8.8  million,  primarily  associated  with  the  issuance  of  the 
6.25% Notes; and (iii) a payment for contingent consideration with regard to our lease for Park City.

Significant Sources of Cash

We had $1,244.0 million of cash and cash equivalents as of July 31, 2021, compared to $391.0 million as of July 31, 2020. 
Although we cannot predict the future impact associated with the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, we currently anticipate 
that our Mountain and Lodging segment operating results will continue to provide a significant source of future operating cash 
flows (primarily generated in our second and third fiscal quarters).

In addition to our $1,244.0 million of cash and cash equivalents at July 31, 2021, we had $417.7 million available under the 
revolver  component  of  our  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  as  of  July  31,  2021  (which  represents  the  total  commitment  of 
$500.0 million less certain letters of credit outstanding of $82.3 million). Also, to further support the liquidity needs of Whistler 
Blackcomb,  we  had  C$243.1  million  ($194.9  million)  available  under  the  revolver  component  of  our  Whistler  Credit 
Agreement  (which  represents  the  total  commitment  of  C$300.0  million  ($240.5  million)  less  outstanding  borrowings  of 
C$56.0 million ($44.9 million) and a letter of credit outstanding of C$0.9 million ($0.7 million)). We expect that our liquidity 
needs  in  the  near  term  will  be  met  by  continued  use  of  our  existing  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  operating  cash  flows  and 
borrowings  under  both  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  and  Whistler  Credit  Agreement,  if  needed.  The  Vail  Holdings 
Credit  Agreement  and  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  provide  adequate  flexibility  and  are  priced  favorably  with  any  new 
borrowings currently priced at LIBOR plus 2.5% and Bankers Acceptance Rate plus 2.0%, respectively.

Significant Uses of Cash

Capital Expenditures

We have historically invested significant amounts of cash in capital expenditures for our resort operations, and we expect to 
continue to do so, subject to operating performance particularly as it relates to discretionary projects. In addition, we may incur 
capital  expenditures  for  retained  ownership  interests  associated  with  third-party  real  estate  development  projects.  Currently 
planned capital expenditures primarily include investments that will allow us to maintain our high-quality standards, as well as 
certain incremental discretionary improvements at our Resorts, throughout our owned hotels and in technology that can impact 
the full network. We evaluate additional discretionary capital improvements based on an expected level of return on investment. 

We  currently  anticipate  we  will  spend  approximately  $115  million  to  $120  million  on  resort  capital  expenditures  during 
calendar  year  2021,  excluding  one-time  items  associated  with  integrations  of  $5  million  and  $12  million  of  reimbursable 
investments, as well as real estate related capital. Including these one-time items, we expect that our total capital plan will be 
approximately $135 million to $140 million. Included in these estimated capital expenditures are approximately $75 million to 
$80 million of maintenance capital expenditures, which are necessary to maintain appearance and level of service appropriate to 
our  resort  operations.  Discretionary  expenditures  expected  for  calendar  year  2021  include,  among  other  projects,  several 
investments  which  were  previously  deferred  from  calendar  year  2020  as  a  result  of  COVID-19,  including  the  250-acre  lift-
served  terrain  expansion  in  the  McCoy  Park  area  of  Beaver  Creek;  a  new  four-person  high  speed  lift  to  serve  Peak  7  at 
Breckenridge; replacing the Peru lift at Keystone with a six-person high speed chairlift; replacing the Peachtree lift at Crested 
Butte with a new three-person fixed-grip lift; and an upgrade of the four-person Quantum lift at Okemo with a six-person high 
speed chairlift, relocating the existing four-person Quantum lift to replace the Green Ridge three-person fixed-grip chairlift. We 
will also continue to invest in company-wide technology enhancements to support our data driven approach, guest experience 

56

and  corporate  infrastructure  which  improve  our  scalability  and  efficiency  as  we  work  to  optimize  our  processes,  business 
analytics  and  cost  discipline  across  the  network,  as  well  as  upgrades  to  the  infrastructure  of  our  guest  contact  centers.  We 
currently plan to utilize cash on hand, borrowings available under our credit agreements and/or cash flow generated from future 
operations to provide the cash necessary to complete our capital plans.

Approximately $48 million was spent for capital expenditures in calendar year 2021 as of July 31, 2021, leaving approximately 
$87 million to $92 million to spend in the remainder of calendar year 2021.

Debt

As  of  July  31,  2021,  principal  payments  on  the  majority  of  our  long-term  debt  ($2.7  billion  of  the  total  $2.9  billion  debt 
outstanding as of July 31, 2021) are not due until fiscal year 2025 and beyond. As of July 31, 2021 and 2020, total long-term 
debt,  net  (including  long-term  debt  due  within  one  year)  was  $2,850.3  million  and  $2,450.8  million,  respectively.  Net  Debt 
(defined  as  long-term  debt,  net  plus  long-term  debt  due  within  one  year  less  cash  and  cash  equivalents)  decreased  from 
$2,059.8 million as of July 31, 2020 to $1,606.3 million as of July 31, 2021, primarily as a result of cash provided by operating 
activities, as discussed above. See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

On December 18, 2020, we entered into the Fourth Amendment to the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the Fourth 
Amendment,  among  other  terms,  we  are  exempt  from  complying  with  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement’s  maximum 
leverage ratio, maximum senior secured leverage ratio and minimum interest coverage ratio financial maintenance covenants 
for each of the fiscal quarters ending through January 31, 2022 (unless we make a one-time irrevocable election to terminate 
such exemption period prior to such date), after which we will again be required to comply with such covenants starting with 
the fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2022 (or such earlier fiscal quarter as elected by us). After the expiration of the Financial 
Covenants Temporary Waiver Period:

•

•

•

the maximum ratio permitted under the maximum leverage ratio financial maintenance covenant shall be 6.25 to 1.00;

the maximum ratio permitted under the senior secured leverage ratio financial maintenance covenant shall be 4.00 to 1.00; 
and

the minimum ratio permitted under the minimum interest coverage ratio financial maintenance covenant will be 2.00 to 
1.00.

We are also prohibited from the following activities during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period (unless approval 
is obtained by a majority of the lenders under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement):

•

•

•

paying  any  dividends  or  making  share  repurchases,  unless  (x)  no  default  or  potential  default  exists  under  the  Vail 
Holdings  Credit  Agreement  and  (y)  we  have  liquidity  (as  defined  below)  of  at  least  $300.0  million,  and  the  aggregate 
amount  of  dividends  paid  and  share  repurchases  made  by  the  Company  during  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary 
Waiver Period may not exceed $38.2 million in any fiscal quarter;

incurring  indebtedness  secured  by  the  collateral  under  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  in  an  amount  in  excess  of 
$1.75 billion; and

making certain non-ordinary course investments in similar businesses, joint ventures and unrestricted subsidiaries unless 
the Company has liquidity (as defined below) of at least $300.0 million.

The Fourth Amendment also removed certain restrictions under the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period, including 
(i) removing the restriction on acquisitions so long as we have liquidity (as defined below) of at least $300.0 million and (ii) 
removing the $200.0 million annual limit on capital expenditures.

We are required to comply with a monthly minimum liquidity test (liquidity is defined as unrestricted cash and temporary cash 
investments  of  VRI  and  its  restricted  subsidiaries  and  available  commitments  under  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement 
revolver)  of  not  less  than  $150.0  million,  during  the  period  that  began  July  31,  2020  and  ending  on  the  date  we  deliver  a 
compliance certificate for the Company and its subsidiaries’ first fiscal quarter following the end of the Financial Covenants 
Temporary Waiver Period.

During the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period, borrowings under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, including 
the  term  loan  facility,  bear  interest  annually  at  LIBOR  plus  2.50%  and,  for  amounts  in  excess  of  $400.0  million,  LIBOR  is 
subject to a floor of 0.25% (which has decreased from the floor of 0.75% that was in effect prior to the Fourth Amendment). 

57

On December 18, 2020, we completed our offering of $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% Convertible Notes 
due  2026  in  a  private  placement  conducted  pursuant  to  Rule  144A  of  the  Securities  Act.  The  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  were 
issued  under  an  Indenture  dated  December  18,  2020  (the  “Indenture”)  between  us  and  U.S.  Bank  National  Association,  as 
Trustee.  The  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  do  not  bear  regular  interest  and  the  principal  amount  does  not  accrete.  The  0.0% 
Convertible Notes mature on January 1, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. 

The 0.0% Convertible Notes are our general senior unsecured obligations. The 0.0% Convertible Notes rank senior in right of 
payment to any future debt that is expressly subordinated, equal in right of payment with our existing and future liabilities that 
are  not  so  subordinated,  and  are  subordinated  to  all  of  our  existing  and  future  secured  debt  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the 
assets securing such debt. The 0.0% Convertible Notes will also be structurally subordinated to all of the existing and future 
liabilities and obligations of our subsidiaries, including such subsidiaries’ guarantees of the 6.25% Notes. 

The initial conversion rate was 2.4560 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes (the “Conversion Rate”), which represents 
an initial conversion price of approximately $407.17 per share (the “Conversion Price”), and is subject to adjustment upon the 
occurrence  of  certain  specified  events  as  described  in  the  Indenture.  The  principal  amount  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  is 
required  to  be  settled  in  cash.  We  will  settle  conversions  by  paying  cash,  delivering  shares  of  our  common  stock,  or  a 
combination of the two, at our option.

Holders may convert their notes, at their option, only under the following circumstances: 

•

•

•

•

•

during  any  calendar  quarter  commencing  after  the  calendar  quarter  ending  on  March  31,  2021  if  the  last  reported  sale 
price per share of our common stock exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price for each of at least 20 trading days (whether 
or  not  consecutive)  during  the  30  consecutive  trading  days  ending  on,  and  including,  the  last  trading  day  of  the 
immediately preceding calendar quarter; 

during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive 
trading day period, the “Measurement Period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each 
trading day of the Measurement Period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of our 
common stock on such trading day and the Conversion Rate on such trading day; 

upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on our common stock, as described in the Indenture; 

if we call the 0.0% Convertible Notes for redemption; or 

at any time from, and including, July 1, 2025 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before 
the maturity date. 

The 0.0% Convertible Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or 
after  January  1,  2024  and  on  or  before  the  25th  scheduled  trading  day  immediately  before  the  maturity  date,  at  a  cash 
redemption  price  equal  to  the  principal  amount  of  the  notes  to  be  redeemed,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  special  and  additional 
interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock 
exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price for a specified period of time. If we elect to redeem less than all of the 0.0% Convertible 
Notes, at least $50.0 million aggregate principal amount of notes must be outstanding and not subject to redemption as of the 
relevant redemption notice date. Calling any 0.0% Convertible Notes for redemption will constitute a make-whole fundamental 
change  with  respect  to  such  notes,  in  which  case  the  Conversion  Rate  applicable  to  the  conversion  of  such  notes  will  be 
increased in certain circumstances if such notes are converted after they are called for redemption.

In addition, upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture), holders of the 0.0% Convertible Notes 
may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the notes 
to  be  repurchased,  plus  any  accrued  and  unpaid  special  and  additional  interest,  if  any,  to,  but  excluding,  the  applicable 
repurchase date. If certain fundamental changes referred to as make-whole fundamental changes (as defined in the Indenture) 
occur, the Conversion Rate for the 0.0% Convertible Notes may be increased for a specified period of time.

The Indenture includes customary events of default, including failure to make payment, failure to comply with the obligations 
set  forth  in  the  Indenture,  certain  defaults  on  certain  other  indebtedness,  and  certain  events  of  bankruptcy,  insolvency  or 
reorganization.  We  may  elect,  at  our  option,  that  the  sole  remedy  for  an  event  of  default  relating  to  certain  failures  by  the 
Company to comply with certain reporting covenants in the Indenture will consist exclusively of the right of the holders of the 
0.0% Convertible Notes to receive additional interest on the notes for up to 360 days following such failure.

As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  provides  for  (i)  a  revolving  loan  facility  in  an  aggregate  principal 
amount of $500.0 million and (ii) a term loan facility of $1.1 billion. We expect that our liquidity needs in the near term will be 

58

met by continued use of our existing cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows and borrowings under the Vail Holdings 
Credit Agreement and the Whistler Credit Agreement, if needed.

Our debt service requirements can be impacted by changing interest rates as we had approximately $0.8 billion of net variable-
rate debt outstanding as of July 31, 2021, after consideration of $400.0 million in interest rate swaps which convert variable-rate 
debt to fixed-rate debt. A 100-basis point change in LIBOR would cause our annual interest payments on our net variable-rate 
debt to change by approximately $8.4 million. Additionally, the annual payments associated with the financing of the Canyons 
transaction  increase  by  the  greater  of  CPI  less  1%,  or  2%.  The  fluctuation  in  our  debt  service  requirements,  in  addition  to 
interest  rate  and  inflation  changes,  may  be  impacted  by  future  borrowings  under  our  credit  agreements  or  other  alternative 
financing  arrangements  we  may  enter  into.  Our  long  term  liquidity  needs  depend  upon  operating  results  that  impact  the 
borrowing capacity under our credit agreements, which can be mitigated by adjustments to capital expenditures, the flexibility 
of investment activities and the ability to obtain favorable future financing. We can respond to liquidity impacts of changes in 
the  business  and  economic  environment,  including  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  by  managing  our  capital  expenditures,  variable 
operating  expenses,  the  timing  of  new  real  estate  development  activity  and  the  payment  of  cash  dividends  on  our  common 
stock.

Share Repurchase Program

Our share repurchase program is conducted under authorizations made from time to time by our Board of Directors. On March 
6,  2006,  our  Board  of  Directors  initially  authorized  the  repurchase  of  up  to  3,000,000  shares  of  Vail  Resorts  common  stock 
(“Vail  Shares”)  and  later  authorized  additional  repurchases  of  up  to  3,000,000  additional  Vail  Shares  (July  16,  2008)  and 
1,500,000 Vail Shares (December 4, 2015), for a total authorization to repurchase shares of up to 7,500,000 Vail Shares. During 
Fiscal 2021, we did not repurchase any Vail Shares. Since the inception of this stock repurchase program through July 31, 2021, 
we  have  repurchased  6,161,141  Vail  Shares  at  a  cost  of  approximately  $404.4  million.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  1,338,859  Vail 
Shares remained available to repurchase under the existing repurchase authorization. Pursuant to the Third Amendment and as 
discussed  above,  we  are  prohibited  from  repurchasing  shares  of  common  stock  during  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary 
Waiver Period unless (x) no default or potential default exists under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement and (y) the Company 
has liquidity (as defined above) of at least $300.0 million, and the aggregate amount of dividends paid and share repurchases 
made by the Company during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period may not exceed $38.2 million in any fiscal 
quarter.  Vail  Shares  purchased  pursuant  to  the  repurchase  program  will  be  held  as  treasury  shares  and  may  be  used  for  the 
issuance of shares under the Company’s share award plan. Repurchases under the program may be made from time to time at 
prevailing prices as permitted by applicable laws, and subject to market conditions and other factors. The timing, as well as the 
number  of  Vail  Shares  that  may  be  repurchased  under  the  program,  will  depend  on  several  factors,  including  our  future 
financial performance, our available cash resources and competing uses for cash that may arise in the future, the restrictions in 
our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, prevailing prices of Vail Shares and the number of Vail Shares that become available for 
sale at prices that we believe are attractive. The share repurchase program has no expiration date.

Dividend Payments

We  announced  on  April  1,  2020  that  we  would  be  suspending  the  declaration  of  our  quarterly  dividend  in  response  to  the 
COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, pursuant to the Fourth Amendment, we are prohibited from paying any dividends during 
the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period  unless  (x)  no  default  or  potential  default  exists  under  the  Vail  Holdings 
Credit Agreement and (y) the Company has liquidity (as defined above) of at least $300.0 million, and the aggregate amount of 
dividends paid and share repurchases made by the Company during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period may not 
exceed  $38.2  million  in  any  fiscal  quarter.  During  Fiscal  2021,  we  did  not  pay  cash  dividends.  On  September  22,  2021,  our 
Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $0.88 per share payable on October 22, 2021 to stockholders of record as of 
October 5, 2021. Additionally, a Canadian dollar equivalent dividend on the Exchangeco Shares will be payable on October 22, 
2021 to the shareholders of record as of October 5, 2021. We expect to fund the dividend with available cash on hand and will 
do so pursuant to the restrictions under the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period. The amount, if any, of dividends to 
be paid in the future will depend on our available cash on hand, anticipated cash needs, overall financial condition, restrictions 
contained  in  our  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement,  future  prospects  for  earnings  and  cash  flows,  as  well  as  other  factors 
considered relevant by our Board of Directors.

59

Covenants and Limitations

We must abide by certain restrictive financial covenants under our credit agreements. The most restrictive of those covenants 
include  the  following:  for  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement,  Net  Funded  Debt  to  Adjusted  EBITDA  ratio,  Secured  Net 
Funded  Debt  to  Adjusted  EBITDA  ratio  and  the  Interest  Coverage  ratio  (each  as  defined  in  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit 
Agreement); for the Whistler Credit Agreement, Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio and Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio 
(each  as  defined  in  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement);  and  for  the  EPR  Secured  Notes,  Maximum  Leverage  Ratio  and 
Consolidated Fixed Charge Ratio (each as defined in the EPR Agreements). In addition, our financing arrangements limit our 
ability to make certain restricted payments, pay dividends on or redeem or repurchase stock, make certain investments, make 
certain  affiliate  transfers  and  may  limit  our  ability  to  enter  into  certain  mergers,  consolidations  or  sales  of  assets  and  incur 
certain indebtedness. Our borrowing availability under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement is primarily determined by the Net 
Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio, which is based on our segment operating performance, as defined in the Vail Holdings 
Credit  Agreement.  Our  borrowing  availability  under  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  is  primarily  determined  based  on  the 
commitment size of the credit facility and our compliance with the terms of the Whistler Credit Agreement.

Pursuant to the Fourth Amendment and as discussed above in further detail, we are exempt from complying with the restrictive 
financial covenants of the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period, but are 
required to comply with a monthly minimum liquidity test during such period (as discussed above).

We were in compliance with all restrictive financial covenants in our debt instruments as of July 31, 2021. We expect that we 
will  continue  to  meet  all  applicable  financial  maintenance  covenants  in  effect  in  our  credit  agreements  throughout  the  year 
ending  July  31,  2022;  however,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  continue  to  meet  such  financial  covenants.  If  such 
covenants  are  not  met,  we  would  be  required  to  seek  a  waiver  or  amendment  from  the  banks  participating  in  our  credit 
agreements. There can be no assurance that such waiver or amendment would be granted, which could have a material adverse 
impact on our liquidity.

Contractual Obligations

As part of our ongoing operations, we enter into arrangements that obligate us to make future payments under contracts such as 
debt  agreements,  lease  agreements  and  construction  agreements  in  conjunction  with  our  resort  capital  expenditures.  Debt 
obligations,  which  totaled  $2.9  billion  as  of  July  31,  2021,  are  recognized  as  liabilities  in  our  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet. 
Obligations under construction contracts and other purchase commitments are not recognized as liabilities in our Consolidated 
Balance  Sheet  until  services  and/or  goods  are  received  which  is  in  accordance  with  GAAP.  A  summary  of  our  contractual 
obligations as of July 31, 2021 is presented below (in thousands):

Payments Due by Period

Fiscal

2-3

4-5

Total

Contractual Obligations
Long-Term Debt (Outstanding Principal) (1) $  2,948,514  $ 
Fixed Rate Interest (1)
Canyons Obligation (2)
Operating Leases and Service Contracts (3)
Purchase Obligations and Other (4)
Total Contractual Cash Obligations

350,352 
1,543,186 
321,653 
538,284 
$  5,701,989  $ 

2022
121,345  $ 
56,388 
30,093 
68,273 
434,269 
710,368  $ 

years

years
127,538  $  2,174,189  $ 
112,873 
62,003 
79,521 
80,903 
462,838  $  2,361,295  $ 

57,790 
64,508 
64,796 
12 

More than

5 years

525,442 
123,301 
1,386,582 
109,063 
23,100 
2,167,488 

(1)  The fixed-rate interest payments (including payments that are required under interest rate swaps that we have entered 
into) as well as long-term debt payments, included in the table above, assume that all debt outstanding as of July 31, 2020 
will be held to maturity. Interest payments associated with variable-rate debt have not been included in the table. Assuming 
that  our  approximately  $0.8  billion  of  variable-rate  long-term  debt  as  of  July  31,  2021  is  held  to  maturity  and  utilizing 
interest rates in effect at July 31, 2021, our annual interest payments (including commitment fees and letter of credit fees) 
on  variable  rate  long-term  debt  as  of  July  31,  2021  is  anticipated  to  be  approximately  $23.6  million  for  Fiscal  2022, 
approximately $21.9 million for fiscal year 2023 and approximately $10.4 million for at least each of the next three years 
subsequent to fiscal year 2023. The future annual interest obligations noted herein are estimated only in relation to debt 
outstanding as of July 31, 2021 and do not reflect interest obligations on potential future debt. 

Included in Long-Term Debt (Outstanding Principal) are $11.7 million of proceeds resulting from real estate transactions 
accounted  for  as  a  financing  arrangements.  Fiscal  2022  payments  shown  above  include  approximately  $6.2  million  of 
proceeds, which are expected to be recognized on the Company’s Statement of Operations during Fiscal 2022 as a result of 

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the anticipated resolution of continuing involvement, with no associated cash outflow (see Notes to Consolidated Financial 
Statements for additional information).

(2)  Reflects  interest  expense  payments  associated  with  the  remaining  lease  term  of  the  Canyons  obligation,  initially  50 
years, assuming a 2% per annum (floor) increase in payments. Any potential increases to the annual fixed payment above 
the 2% floor due to inflation linked index of CPI less 1% have been excluded. 

(3)  The payments under noncancelable operating leases included in the table above reflect the applicable minimum lease 
payments and exclude any potential contingent rent payments.

(4)  Purchase  obligations  and  other  primarily  include  amounts  which  are  classified  as  trade  payables  ($98.3  million), 
accrued  payroll  and  benefits  ($101.7  million),  accrued  fees  and  assessments  ($21.2  million),  contingent  consideration 
liability  ($29.6  million),  and  accrued  taxes  (including  taxes  for  uncertain  tax  positions)  ($123.6  million)  on  our 
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of July 31, 2021; and, other commitments for goods and services not yet received, including 
construction  contracts  and  minimum  commitments  under  season  pass  alliance  agreements,  not  included  on  our 
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of July 31, 2021 in accordance with GAAP.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have off balance sheet transactions that are expected to have a material effect on our financial condition, revenue, 
expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to select appropriate accounting 
policies and to make judgments and estimates affecting the application of those accounting policies. In applying our accounting 
policies, different business conditions or the use of different assumptions may result in materially different amounts reported in 
the Consolidated Financial Statements.

We have identified the most critical accounting policies which were determined by considering accounting policies that involve 
the  most  complex  or  subjective  decisions  or  assessments.  We  also  have  other  policies  considered  key  accounting  policies; 
however,  these  policies  do  not  meet  the  definition  of  critical  accounting  policies  because  they  do  not  generally  require  us  to 
make estimates or judgments that are complex or subjective. We have reviewed these critical accounting policies and related 
disclosures with our Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Description

The carrying value of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are evaluated for possible impairment on an annual basis 
or between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the estimated fair 
value of a reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset below its carrying value. Other intangible assets are evaluated for 
impairment  only  when  there  is  evidence  that  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  of  these 
assets may not be recoverable. 

Judgments and Uncertainties

Application of the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test requires judgment, including the identification 
of  reporting  units,  assignment  of  assets  and  liabilities  to  reporting  units,  assignment  of  goodwill  to  reporting  units  and 
determination  of  the  estimated  fair  value  of  reporting  units  and  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets.  We  perform  a  qualitative 
analysis to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset 
exceeds  the  carrying  amount.  If  it  is  determined,  based  on  qualitative  factors,  that  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  or 
indefinite-lived  intangible  asset  may  be  more  likely  than  not  less  than  carrying  amount,  or  if  significant  changes  to  macro-
economic factors related to the reporting unit or intangible asset have occurred that could materially impact fair value since the 
previous quantitative analysis was performed, a quantitative impairment test would be required, in which we would determine 
the estimated fair value of our reporting units using a discounted cash flow analysis and determine the estimated fair value of 
indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  primarily  using  the  income  approach  based  upon  estimated  future  revenue  streams.  These 
analyses  require  significant  judgments,  including  estimation  of  future  cash  flows,  which  is  dependent  on  internal  forecasts, 
available industry/market data (to the extent available), estimation of the long-term rate of growth for our business including 
expectations and assumptions regarding the impact of general economic conditions on our business, estimation of the useful life 
over  which  cash  flows  will  occur  (including  terminal  multiples),  determination  of  the  respective  weighted  average  cost  of 

61

capital  and  market  participant  assumptions.  Changes  in  these  estimates  and  assumptions  could  materially  affect  the 
determination of estimated fair value and impairment for each reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset. 

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at least annually as of May 1. Our testing for goodwill 
and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment consists of a comparison of the estimated fair value of those assets with their 
net carrying values. If the net carrying value of the assets exceed their estimated fair value, an impairment will be recognized 
for indefinite-lived intangible assets, including goodwill, in an amount equal to that excess; otherwise, no impairment loss is 
recognized. During Fiscal 2021, we performed quantitative analyses of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets 
and  determined  that  the  estimated  fair  value  of  all  material  reporting  units  and  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  significantly 
exceeded their respective carrying values.

Fair value determinations require considerable judgment and are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions and factors. As 
a result, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the annual goodwill impairment test 
will prove to be an accurate prediction of the future. Examples of events or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to 
negatively  affect  the  underlying  key  assumptions  and  ultimately  impact  the  estimated  fair  value  of  our  reporting  units  may 
include  such  items  as:  (1)  prolonged  adverse  weather  conditions  resulting  in  a  sustained  decline  in  guest  visitation;  (2)  a 
prolonged  weakness  in  the  general  economic  conditions  in  which  guest  visitation  and  spending  is  adversely  impacted 
(particularly with regard to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic); and (3) volatility in the equity and debt markets which could 
result in a higher discount rate.

While historical performance and current expectations have generally resulted in estimated fair values of our reporting units in 
excess of carrying values, if our assumptions are not realized, it is possible that an impairment charge may need to be recorded 
in  the  future.  However,  it  is  not  possible  at  this  time  to  determine  if  an  impairment  charge  would  result  or  if  such  a  charge 
would be material. As of July 31, 2021, we had $1,781.0 million of goodwill and $256.6 million of indefinite-lived intangible 
assets  recorded  on  our  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  estimates  and  assumptions  made  for 
purposes of the annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests will prove to be an accurate prediction of 
the future.

Tax Contingencies

Description

We  must  make  certain  estimates  and  judgments  in  determining  income  tax  expense  for  financial  statement  purposes.  These 
estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits and deductions and in the calculation of certain tax assets and 
liabilities,  which  arise  from  differences  in  the  timing  of  recognition  of  revenue  and  expense  for  tax  and  financial  statement 
purposes, as well as the interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves 
dealing  with  uncertainties  in  the  application  of  complex  tax  regulations.  We  recognize  liabilities  for  uncertain  tax  positions 
based  on  a  two-step  process.  The  first  step  is  to  evaluate  the  tax  position  for  recognition  by  determining  if  the  weight  of 
available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of 
related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the largest tax benefit that is 
cumulatively  greater  than  50%  likely  of  being  realized  upon  ultimate  settlement.  It  is  inherently  difficult  and  subjective  to 
estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. This evaluation is based 
on  factors  including,  but  not  limited  to,  changes  in  facts  or  circumstances,  changes  in  tax  law,  interpretation  of  tax  law, 
effectively settled issues under audit and new audit activity. A significant amount of time may pass before a particular matter, 
for which we may have established a reserve, is audited and fully resolved.

Judgments and Uncertainties

The  estimates  of  our  tax  contingencies  reserve  contain  uncertainty  because  management  must  use  judgment  to  estimate  the 
potential exposure associated with our various filing positions.

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

We  believe  the  estimates  and  judgments  discussed  herein  are  reasonable  and  we  have  adequate  reserves  for  our  tax 
contingencies for uncertain tax positions. Our reserves for uncertain tax positions, including any income tax related interest and 
penalties ($74.8 million as of July 31, 2021), relate to the treatment of the Canyons lease payments obligation as payments of 
debt obligations and that the tax basis in Canyons goodwill is deductible. Actual results could differ and we may be exposed to 
increases or decreases in those reserves and tax provisions that could be material.

62

An unfavorable tax settlement could require the use of cash and could possibly result in increased tax expense and effective tax 
rate and/or adjustments to our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities in the year of resolution. A favorable tax settlement 
could possibly result in a reduction in our tax expense, effective tax rate, income taxes payable, other long-term liabilities and/
or adjustments to our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities in the year of settlement or in future years.

Depreciable Lives of Assets

Description

Mountain  and  lodging  operational  assets,  furniture  and  fixtures,  computer  equipment,  software,  vehicles  and  leasehold 
improvements are primarily depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Assets may 
become obsolete or require replacement before the end of their useful life in which the remaining book value would be written-
off or we could incur costs to remove or dispose of assets no longer in use.

Judgments and Uncertainties

The  estimates  of  our  useful  lives  of  the  assets  contain  uncertainty  because  management  must  use  judgment  to  estimate  the 
useful life of the asset.

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

Although we believe the estimates and judgments discussed herein are reasonable, actual results could differ, and we may be 
exposed to increased expense related to depreciable assets disposed of, removed or taken out of service prior to its originally 
estimated useful life, which may be material. A 10% decrease in the estimated useful lives of depreciable assets would have 
increased depreciation expense by approximately $24.0 million for Fiscal 2021.

Business Combinations

Description

A component of our growth strategy has been to acquire and integrate businesses that complement our existing operations. We 
account  for  business  combinations  in  accordance  with  the  guidance  for  business  combinations  and  related  literature. 
Accordingly, we allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The difference between the purchase 
price  and  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired  or  the  excess  of  the  aggregate  estimated  fair  values  of  assets 
acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  is  recorded  as  goodwill.  In  determining  the  estimated  fair  values  of  assets  acquired  and 
liabilities assumed in a business combination, we use various recognized valuation methods including present value modeling 
and referenced market values (where available). Valuations are performed by management or independent valuation specialists 
under management’s supervision, where appropriate. 

Judgments and Uncertainties

Accounting for business combinations requires our management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at 
the acquisition date, including our estimates for intangible assets, contractual obligations assumed and contingent consideration, 
where  applicable.  Although  we  believe  the  assumptions  and  estimates  we  have  made  in  the  past  have  been  reasonable  and 
appropriate,  they  are  based  in  part  on  historical  experience  and  information  obtained  from  the  management  of  the  acquired 
companies  and  are  inherently  uncertain.  Examples  of  critical  estimates  in  valuing  certain  of  the  intangible  assets  we  have 
acquired  include  but  are  not  limited  to  determination  of  weighted  average  cost  of  capital,  market  participant  assumptions, 
royalty rates, terminal multiples and estimates of future cash flows to be generated by the acquired assets. In addition to the 
estimates  and  assumptions  applied  to  valuing  intangible  assets  acquired,  the  determination  of  the  estimated  fair  value  of 
contingent  consideration,  including  estimating  the  likelihood  and  timing  of  achieving  the  relevant  thresholds  for  contingent 
consideration  payments,  requires  the  use  of  subjective  judgments.  We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  the  Park  City  contingent 
consideration  payments  using  an  option  pricing  valuation  model  which  incorporates,  among  other  factors,  projected 
achievement of specified financial performance measures, discounts rates and volatility for the respective business. 

63

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

We  believe  that  the  estimated  fair  values  assigned  to  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  are  based  on  reasonable 
assumptions  that  a  marketplace  participant  would  use.  While  we  use  our  best  estimates  and  assumptions  to  accurately  value 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. 
As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments 
to  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  with  the  corresponding  offset  to  goodwill.  Upon  the  conclusion  of  the 
measurement  period  or  final  determination  of  the  estimated  fair  values  of  assets  acquired  or  liabilities  assumed,  whichever 
comes first, any subsequent adjustments would be recorded in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

We  recognize  the  fair  value  of  contingent  consideration  at  the  date  of  acquisition  as  part  of  the  consideration  transferred  to 
acquire a business. The liability associated with contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value at each reporting period 
subsequent  to  the  date  of  acquisition  taking  into  consideration  changes  in  financial  projections  and  long-term  growth  rates, 
among  other  factors,  that  may  impact  the  timing  and  amount  of  contingent  consideration  payments  until  the  term  of  the 
agreement  has  expired  or  the  contingency  is  resolved.  Increases  in  the  fair  value  of  contingent  consideration  are  recorded  as 
losses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations, while decreases in fair value are recorded as gains. 

New Accounting Standards

Refer  to  the  Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  within  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  a 
discussion of new accounting standards.

Seasonality and Quarterly Results

Our mountain and lodging operations are seasonal in nature. In particular, revenue and profits for our North America mountain 
and  most  of  our  lodging  operations  are  substantially  lower  and  historically  result  in  losses  from  late  spring  to  late  fall. 
Conversely, peak operating seasons for our NPS concessionaire properties, our mountain resort golf courses and our Australian 
resorts’ ski season generally occur during the North American summer months while the North American winter months result 
in operating losses. Revenue and profits generated by NPS concessionaire properties summer operations, golf operations and 
Australian resorts’ ski operations are not sufficient to fully offset our off-season losses from our North American mountain and 
other  lodging  operations.  During  Fiscal  2021,  approximately  82%  of  total  combined  Mountain  and  Lodging  segment  net 
revenue  (excluding  Lodging  segment  revenue  associated  with  reimbursement  of  payroll  costs)  was  earned  during  the  second 
and third fiscal quarters. Therefore, the operating results for any three-month period are not necessarily indicative of the results 
that may be achieved for any subsequent quarter or for a full year (see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

ITEM 7A.         QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Interest Rate Risk. Our exposure to market risk is limited primarily to the fluctuating interest rates associated with variable rate 
indebtedness.  At  July  31,  2021,  we  had  approximately  $0.8  billion  of  net  variable  rate  indebtedness  (after  taking  into 
consideration  $400.0  million  in  interest  rate  swaps  which  converts  variable-rate  debt  to  fixed-rate  debt),  representing 
approximately 28% of our total debt outstanding, at an average interest rate during Fiscal 2021 of approximately 2.8%. Based 
on variable-rate borrowings outstanding as of July 31, 2021, a 100-basis point (or 1.0%) change in LIBOR would result in our 
annual interest payments on our net variable-rate debt changing by $8.4 million. Our market risk exposure fluctuates based on 
changes in underlying interest rates.

Foreign  Currency  Exchange  Rate  Risk.  We  are  exposed  to  currency  translation  risk  because  the  results  of  our  international 
entities  are  reported  in  local  currency,  which  we  then  translate  to  U.S.  dollars  for  inclusion  in  our  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements.  As  a  result,  changes  between  the  foreign  exchange  rates,  in  particular  the  Canadian  dollar  and  Australian  dollar 
compared to the U.S. dollar, affect the amounts we record for our foreign assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could 
have  a  negative  effect  on  our  financial  results.  Additionally,  we  have  foreign  currency  transaction  exposure  from  an 
intercompany  loan  to  Whistler  Blackcomb  that  is  not  deemed  to  be  permanently  invested,  which  has  and  could  materially 
change due to fluctuations in the Canadian dollar exchange rate. The results of Whistler Blackcomb and our Australian ski areas 
are reported in Canadian dollars and Australian dollars respectively, which we then translate to U.S. dollars for inclusion in our 
Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  We  do  not  currently  enter  into  hedging  arrangements  to  minimize  the  impact  of  foreign 
currency fluctuations on our operations.

64

The  following  table  summarizes  the  amounts  of  foreign  currency  translation  adjustments,  representing  gains  (losses),  and 
foreign currency gain (loss) on intercompany loans recognized in comprehensive income (in thousands):

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Foreign currency gain (loss) on intercompany loans

$ 

$ 

100,019  $ 

8,282  $ 

(9,075)  $ 

(3,230)  $ 

(34,287) 

(2,854) 

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

65

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

Vail Resorts, Inc.

Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

67

68

70
71
72
73
74
75

66

 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control 
over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The 
Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting principles in the United States of America.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the 
risk  that  the  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the 
Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  July  31,  2021.  In  making  this  assessment,  management  used  the 
criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway  Commission  in  2013.  Based  on  this  assessment,  management  concluded  that,  as  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting was effective. 

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, has issued an attestation report 
on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2021, as stated in the Report of 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the following page.

67

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of Vail Resorts, Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vail Resorts, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of 
July  31,  2021  and  2020,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations,  of  comprehensive  income,  of  stockholders’ 
equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended July 31, 2021, including the related notes (collectively 
referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  We  also  have  audited  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of July 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial 
position of the Company as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three 
years  in  the  period  ended  July  31,  2021  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of 
America.  Also  in  our  opinion,  the  Company  maintained,  in  all  material  respects,  effective  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of July 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
COSO.

Change in Accounting Principle

As  discussed  in  Note  2  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  changed  the  manner  in  which  it  accounts  for 
leases as of August 1, 2019.

Basis for Opinions

The  Company's  management  is  responsible  for  these  consolidated  financial  statements,  for  maintaining  effective  internal 
control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included 
in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Report  on  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express 
opinions  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  and  on  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities 
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audits  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement, 
whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material 
respects.  

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement 
of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. 
Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated 
financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by 
management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audit  of  internal 
control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the 
risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based 
on  the  assessed  risk.  Our  audits  also  included  performing  such  other  procedures  as  we  considered  necessary  in  the 
circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures 
that  (i)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the 

68

company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or 
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or 
complex  judgments.  The  communication  of  critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our  opinion  on  the  consolidated 
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate 
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Fair Value Measurement of the Contingent Consideration 

As described in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has established a liability of $29.6 million as of 
July 31, 2021 for additional amounts that management believes are likely to be paid to the previous owner of Park City (the 
“Contingent Consideration”). The Company remeasures the Contingent Consideration to fair value at each reporting date until 
the contingency is resolved. The estimated fair value of Contingent Consideration includes the future period resort operations of 
Park City in the calculation of EBITDA on which participating contingent payments are made, which is determined on the basis 
of  estimated  subsequent  year  performance,  escalated  by  an  assumed  long-term  growth  factor  and  discounted  to  net  present 
value.  Fair  value  is  estimated  using  an  option  pricing  valuation  model.  As  described  by  management,  key  assumptions  in 
determining the fair value under this model included future period Park City EBITDA, discount rate and volatility.

The  principal  considerations  for  our  determination  that  performing  procedures  relating  to  the  fair  value  measurement  of  the 
Contingent  Consideration  is  a  critical  audit  matter  are  (i)  the  significant  judgment  by  management  when  developing  the  fair 
value measurement, which in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures 
and  evaluating  audit  evidence  related  to  management’s  significant  assumptions  for  the  future  period  Park  City  EBITDA, 
discount rate, and volatility; and (ii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge. 

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall 
opinion  on  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  These  procedures  included  testing  the  effectiveness  of  controls  relating  to 
management’s  fair  value  measurement  of  the  Contingent  Consideration  including  controls  over  the  Company’s  significant 
assumptions.  The  procedures  also  included,  among  others,  testing  management’s  process  for  developing  the  fair  value 
measurement and evaluating the significant assumptions used by management, related to the future period Park City EBITDA, 
discount  rate,  and  volatility.  Evaluating  management’s  assumptions  related  to  the  future  period  Park  City  EBITDA,  discount 
rate,  and  volatility  involved  evaluating  whether  the  assumptions  used  by  management  were  reasonable  considering  (i)  the 
current  and  past  period  EBITDA  performance  of  Park  City;  (ii)  the  consistency  with  external  market  data;  and  (iii)  whether 
these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and 
knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s discount rate and volatility assumptions.  

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
September 23, 2021

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.

69

Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Assets
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $7,621 and $2,484, respectively
Inventories, net of reserves of $2,601 and $4,447, respectively
Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 8)
Real estate held for sale or investment
Goodwill, net (Note 8)
Intangible assets, net (Note 8)
Operating right-of-use assets (Note 4)
Deferred charges and other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Note 8)
Income taxes payable
Long-term debt due within one year (Note 6)

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net (Note 6)
Operating lease liabilities (Note 4)
Other long-term liabilities
Deferred income taxes, net (Note 11)

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ equity:

$ 

$ 

$ 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 25,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and 
outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized and 46,552 and 46,350 
shares issued, respectively
Exchangeable shares, $0.01 par value, 34 and 36 shares issued and outstanding, 
respectively (Note 5)
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Retained earnings
Treasury stock, at cost; 6,161 and 6,161 shares, respectively (Note 16)
Total Vail Resorts, Inc. stockholders’ equity
Noncontrolling interests
Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$ 

July 31,

2021

2020

1,243,962  $ 
14,612   
345,408   
80,316   
61,288   
1,745,586   
2,067,876   
95,615   
1,781,047   
319,110   
204,716   
37,106   
6,251,056  $ 

815,472  $ 
48,812   
114,117   
978,401   
2,736,175   
190,561   
264,034   
252,817   
4,421,988   

—   

466   

—   
1,196,993   
27,799   
773,752   
(404,411)  
1,594,599   
234,469   
1,829,068   
6,251,056  $ 

390,980 
11,106 
106,664 
101,856 
54,482 
665,088 
2,192,679 
96,844 
1,709,020 
314,776 
225,744 
40,081 
5,244,232 

499,108 
40,680 
63,677 
603,465 
2,387,122 
217,542 
270,245 
234,191 
3,712,565 

— 

464 

— 
1,131,624 
(56,837) 
645,902 
(404,411) 
1,316,742 
214,925 
1,531,667 
5,244,232 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

70

  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

1,650,055  $ 
257,885   
1,907,940   
1,770   
1,909,710   

1,578,463  $ 
380,394   
1,958,857   
4,847   
1,963,704   

Net revenue:

Mountain and Lodging services and other
Mountain and Lodging retail and dining

Resort net revenue

Real Estate

Total net revenue

Operating expense (exclusive of depreciation and amortization 
shown separately below):

Mountain and Lodging operating expense
Mountain and Lodging retail and dining cost of products sold
General and administrative
Resort operating expense

Real Estate

Total segment operating expense

Other operating (expense) income:
Depreciation and amortization
Gain on sale of real property
Asset impairments (Notes 2 & 8)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration (Note 10)
(Loss) gain on disposal of fixed assets and other, net

Income from operations
Interest expense, net 
Mountain equity investment income, net
Investment income and other, net 
Foreign currency gain (loss) on intercompany loans (Note 6)

Income before provision for income taxes

Provision for income taxes (Note 11)

Net income

Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Per share amounts (Note 5):

Basic net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Diluted net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Cash dividends declared per share

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

1,807,930 
462,933 
2,270,863 
712 
2,271,575 

1,101,670 
190,044 
274,415 
1,566,129 
5,609 
1,571,738 

(218,117) 
580 
— 
(5,367) 
(664) 
476,269 
(79,496) 
1,960 
3,086 
(2,854) 
398,965 
(75,472) 
323,493 
(22,330) 
301,163 

7.46 
7.32 
6.46 

960,453   
112,536   
296,993   
1,369,982   
6,676   
1,376,658   

(252,585)  
324   
—   
(14,402)  
(5,373)  
261,016   
(151,399)  
6,698   
586   
8,282   
125,183   
(726)  
124,457   
3,393   
127,850  $ 

3.17  $ 
3.13  $ 
—  $ 

1,019,437   
159,066   
278,695   
1,457,198   
9,182   
1,466,380   

(249,572)  
207   
(28,372)  
2,964   
838   
223,389   
(106,721)  
1,690   
1,305   
(3,230)  
116,433   
(7,378)  
109,055   
(10,222)  
98,833  $ 

2.45  $ 
2.42  $ 
5.28  $ 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

71

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

$ 

124,457  $ 
100,019   

12,817   

237,293   

(24,807)  

109,055  $ 
(9,075)  

(22,510)  

77,470   

(3,744)  

Comprehensive income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

$ 

212,486  $ 

73,726  $ 

323,493 
(34,287) 

— 

289,206 

(17,546) 

271,660 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

72

 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)

Common Stock

Additional
Paid in
Capital

Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive 
(Loss) Income

Retained
Earnings

Treasury
Stock

Total Vail Resorts, 
Inc. Stockholders’ 
Equity

Noncontrolling
Interests

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

Vail Resorts Exchangeable   
$ 

460  $ 

1  $ 1,137,467  $ 

(2,227)  $ 726,722  $ (272,989)  $ 

1,589,434  $ 

222,229  $ 

1,811,663 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

19,856 

— 

(27,240)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

  301,163 

(29,503)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(7,517)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(85,000)   

— 

  (260,567)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

301,163 

(29,503)   

271,660 

19,856 

(7,517)   

(27,239)   

(85,000)   

(260,567)   

22,330 

(4,784)   

17,546 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

323,493 

(34,287) 

289,206 

19,856 

(7,517) 

(27,239) 

(85,000) 

(260,567) 

— 

(13,562)   

(13,562) 

461 

1 

  1,130,083 

(31,730)    759,801 

  (357,989)   

1,500,627 

226,213 

1,726,840 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

21,021 

(19,480)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

98,833 

(2,597)   

(22,510)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(46,422)   

— 

  (212,732)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

98,833 

(2,597)   

(22,510)   

73,726 

21,021 

(19,478)   

— 

(46,422)   

(212,732)   

10,222 

(6,478)   

— 

3,744 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

109,055 

(9,075) 

(22,510) 

77,470 

21,021 

(19,478) 

— 

(46,422) 

(212,732) 

— 

(15,032)   

(15,032) 

464 

— 

  1,131,624 

(56,837)    645,902 

  (404,411)   

1,316,742 

214,925 

1,531,667 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

80,066 

24,395 

(39,092)   

— 

— 

  127,850 

71,819 

12,817 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

127,850 

71,819 

12,817 

212,486 

80,066 

24,395 

(39,090)   

(3,393)   

28,200 

— 

24,807 

— 

— 

— 

124,457 

100,019 

12,817 

237,293 

80,066 

24,395 

(39,090) 

— 

(5,263)   

(5,263) 

$ 

466  $ 

—  $ 1,196,993  $ 

27,799  $ 773,752  $ (404,411)  $ 

1,594,599  $ 

234,469  $ 

1,829,068 

Balance, July 31, 2018

Comprehensive income:

Net income

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Total comprehensive income

Stock-based compensation expense (Note 17)

Cumulative effect for adoption of revenue standard

Issuance of shares under share award plan, net of shares withheld for 
employee taxes (Note 17)

Repurchases of common stock (Note 16)

Dividends (Note 5)

Distributions to noncontrolling interests, net 

Balance, July 31, 2019

Comprehensive income:

Net income

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Total comprehensive income

Stock-based compensation expense (Note 17)

Issuance of shares under share award plan, net of shares withheld for 
employee taxes (Note 17)

Exchangeable share transfers

Repurchases of common stock (Note 16)

Dividends (Note 5)

Distributions to noncontrolling interests, net 

Balance, July 31, 2020

Comprehensive income:

Net income (loss)

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Total comprehensive income

Equity component of 0.0% Convertible Notes, net (Note 6)

Stock-based compensation expense (Note 17)

Issuance of shares under share award plan, net of shares withheld for 
employee taxes (Note 17)

Distributions to noncontrolling interests, net 

Balance, July 31, 2021

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

73

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

124,457  $ 

109,055  $ 

323,493 

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Asset impairments
Cost of real estate sales
Stock-based compensation expense
Deferred income taxes, net
Other non-cash expense (income), net

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:

Accounts receivable, net
Inventories, net
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Deferred revenue
Income taxes payable - excess tax benefit from share award plans
Income taxes payable - other
Other assets and liabilities, net

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Capital expenditures
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
Other investing activities, net

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from borrowings under Vail Holdings Credit Agreement
Proceeds from borrowings under Whistler Credit Agreement
Proceeds from borrowings under 0.0% Convertible Notes
Proceeds from borrowings under 6.25% Notes
Repayments of borrowings under Vail Holdings Credit Agreement
Repayments of borrowings under Whistler Credit Agreement
Employee taxes paid for share award exercises
Repurchases of common stock
Dividends paid
Other financing activities, net

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted 
cash

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:

Beginning of period
End of period
Cash paid for interest
Taxes paid, net

Non-cash investing activities:

Accrued capital expenditures

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

252,585   
—   
—   
24,395   
(16,136)   
12,544   

(237,188)   
22,781   
118,979   
199,410   
(18,096)   
29,946   
11,573   
525,250   

(115,097)   
—   
11,768   
(103,329)   

—   
27,775   
575,000   
—   
(62,500)   
(45,657)   
(39,090)   
—   
—   
(20,866)   
434,662   

(95)   
856,488   

249,572   
28,372   
3,684   
21,021   
17,435   
(10,842)   

167,347   
(1,924)   
(82,394)   
(98,003)   
(8,236)   
(4,951)   
4,814   
394,950   

(172,334)   
(327,555)   
7,150   
(492,739)   

892,625   
209,634   
—   
600,000   
(811,875)   
(204,032)   
(19,478)   
(46,422)   
(212,732)   
(31,487)   
376,233   

5,253   
283,697   

402,086  $ 
1,258,574  $ 
125,667  $ 
5,011  $ 

118,389  $ 
402,086  $ 
88,398  $ 
4,134  $ 

218,117 
— 
— 
19,856 
22,419 
(482) 

(35,406) 
(7,274) 
23,296 
35,628 
(12,932) 
38,773 
8,743 
634,231 

(192,035) 
(419,044) 
15,045 
(596,034) 

543,625 
26,518 
— 
— 
(235,625) 
(45,060) 
(27,239) 
(85,000) 
(260,567) 
(16,210) 
(99,558) 

(5,290) 
(66,651) 

185,040 
118,389 
70,888 
27,212 

5,158  $ 

15,046  $ 

18,420 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.

Organization and Business

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Vail Resorts, Inc. (“Vail Resorts”) is organized as a holding company and operates through various subsidiaries. Vail Resorts 
and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) operate in three business segments: Mountain, Lodging and Real Estate. The 
Company refers to “Resort” as the combination of the Mountain and Lodging segments. 

In the Mountain segment, the Company operates the following 37 destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas:

*Denotes  a  destination  mountain  resort,  which  generally  receives  a  meaningful  portion  of  skier  visits  from  long-distance 
travelers,  as  opposed  to  the  Company’s  regional  ski  areas,  which  tend  to  generate  skier  visits  predominantly  from  their 
respective local markets. 

Additionally,  the  Mountain  segment  includes  ancillary  services,  primarily  including  ski  school,  dining  and  retail/rental 
operations, and for the Company’s Australian ski areas, including lodging and transportation operations. Several of the resorts 
located in the United States (“U.S.”) operate primarily on federal land under the terms of Special Use Permits granted by the 
U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture  Forest  Service.  The  operations  of  Whistler  Blackcomb  are  conducted  on  land  owned  by  the 
government of the Province of British Columbia, Canada within the traditional territory of the Squamish and Lil’wat Nations. 
The operations of the Company’s Australian ski areas are conducted pursuant to long-term leases and licenses on land owned 
by the governments of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia. Okemo, Mount Sunapee and Stowe operate on land leased 
from the respective states in which the resorts are located and on land owned by the Company.

In  the  Lodging  segment,  the  Company  owns  and/or  manages  a  collection  of  luxury  hotels  and  condominiums  under  its 
RockResorts  brand;  other  strategic  lodging  properties  and  a  large  number  of  condominiums  located  in  proximity  to  the 
Company’s  North  American  mountain  resorts;  National  Park  Service  (“NPS”)  concessionaire  properties  including  the  Grand 
Teton Lodge Company (“GTLC”), which operates destination resorts in Grand Teton National Park; a Colorado resort ground 
transportation company and mountain resort golf courses.

75

Vail Resorts Development Company (“VRDC”), a wholly-owned subsidiary, conducts the operations of the Company’s Real 
Estate segment, which owns, develops and sells real estate in and around the Company’s resort communities.

The  Company’s  mountain  business  and  its  lodging  properties  at  or  around  the  Company’s  mountain  resorts  are  seasonal  in 
nature  with  peak  operating  seasons  primarily  from  mid-November  through  mid-April  in  North  America.  The  peak  operating 
season at the Company’s Australian resorts, NPS concessionaire properties and golf courses generally occurs from June to early 
October.

2.

 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation — The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and 
its  consolidated  subsidiaries  for  which  the  Company  has  a  controlling  financial  interest.  Investments  in  which  the  Company 
does  not  have  a  controlling  financial  interest,  but  has  significant  influence,  are  accounted  for  under  the  equity  method.  All 
significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at 
the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash — The Company considers cash to be restricted when withdrawal or general use is legally restricted.

Accounts receivable — The Company records trade accounts receivable in the normal course of business related to the sale of 
products  or  services.  The  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  based  on  a  specific  reserve  analysis  and  on  a  percentage  of 
accounts  receivable  and  takes  into  consideration  such  factors  as  historical  write-offs,  the  economic  climate  and  other  factors 
that could affect collectability. Write-offs are evaluated on a case by case basis.

Inventories — The Company’s inventories consist primarily of purchased retail goods, food and beverage items and spare parts. 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, determined using primarily an average weighted cost method. 
The Company records a reserve for estimated shrinkage and obsolete or unusable inventory.

Property, Plant and Equipment — Property, plant and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and 
maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life 
are capitalized. When property, plant and equipment is retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in 
income from operations. Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining 
lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method, including property, plant 
and equipment under finance leases, generally based on the following useful lives:

Land improvements
Buildings and building improvements
Machinery and equipment
Furniture and fixtures
Software
Vehicles

Estimated Life
in Years
10-35
7-30
2-30
3-10
3
3-10

Real Estate Held for Sale or Investment — The Company capitalizes as real estate held for sale or investment the original land 
acquisition cost, direct construction and development costs, property taxes, interest recorded on costs related to real estate under 
development and other related costs. Sales and marketing expenses are charged against income in the period incurred. 

Deferred Financing Costs — Certain costs incurred with the issuance of debt and debt securities are capitalized and included as 
a reduction in the net carrying value of long-term debt, net of accumulated amortization, with the exception of costs incurred 
related to line-of-credit arrangements, which are included in deferred charges and other assets, net of accumulated amortization. 
Amortization of such deferred financing costs are recorded to interest expense, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements 
of Operations over the respective term of the applicable debt instruments. When debt is extinguished prior to its maturity date, 
the  amortization  of  the  remaining  unamortized  deferred  financing  costs,  or  pro-rata  portion  thereof,  is  charged  to  loss  on 
extinguishment of debt.

76

  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets — The Company has classified as goodwill the cost in excess of estimated fair value of the net 
assets  of  businesses  acquired  in  purchase  transactions.  The  Company’s  major  intangible  asset  classes  are  trademarks,  water 
rights,  customer  lists,  property  management  contracts  and  Forest  Service  permits.  Goodwill  and  various  indefinite-lived 
intangible assets, including certain trademarks, water rights and certain property management contracts, are not amortized but 
are  subject  to  at  least  annual  impairment  testing.  The  Company  tests  these  non-amortizing  assets  annually  (or  more  often,  if 
necessary) for impairment as of May 1. Amortizable intangible assets are amortized over the shorter of their contractual terms 
or estimated useful lives.

For the testing of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the Company may perform a qualitative 
analysis to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset 
exceeds  the  carrying  amount,  which  includes  an  evaluation  as  to  whether  there  have  been  significant  changes  to  macro-
economic  factors  related  to  the  reporting  unit  or  intangible  asset  that  could  materially  impact  fair  value.  If  it  is  determined, 
based on qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset is more likely than not 
less than carrying amount, or if significant changes to macro-economic factors related to the reporting unit or intangible asset 
have  occurred  that  could  materially  impact  estimated  fair  values  since  the  previous  quantitative  analysis  was  performed,  a 
quantitative impairment test would be required, in which the Company would determine the estimated fair value of its reporting 
units using discounted cash flow analyses and determine the estimated fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets using 
an income approach. The quantitative test for impairment consists of a comparison of the estimated fair value of the assets with 
their  net  carrying  values.  If  the  net  carrying  amount  of  the  assets  exceed  its  estimated  fair  value,  an  impairment  will  be 
recognized for indefinite-lived intangibles, including goodwill, in an amount equal to that excess. If the net carrying amount of 
the assets does not exceed the estimated fair value, no impairment loss is recognized. 

The Company determined that there were no impairments of goodwill or definite and indefinite-lived assets for the years ended 
July 31, 2021 and 2019. As a result of COVID-19 and the impact it has had on the Company’s operations during the year ended 
July  31,  2020,  the  Company  determined  that  the  estimated  fair  value  of  its  Colorado  resort  ground  transportation  company 
reporting unit within its Lodging segment no longer exceeded its carrying value. As further discussed in Note 8, Supplementary 
Balance  Sheet  Information,  the  Company  recognized  an  impairment  of  approximately  $28.4  million  related  to  its  Colorado 
resort ground transportation company during the year ended July 31, 2020, which was recorded within asset impairments on the 
Company’s  Consolidated  Statement  of  Operations,  with  a  corresponding  reduction  to  goodwill,  net  of  $25.7  million  and  to 
intangible  assets,  net  and  property,  plant  and  equipment,  net  of  $2.7  million.  See  Note  8,  Supplementary  Balance  Sheet 
Information, for additional information. The Company determined that there were no other impairments of goodwill or definite 
and indefinite-lived assets for the year ended July 31, 2020.

Long-lived Assets — The Company evaluates potential impairment of long-lived assets and long-lived assets to be disposed of 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the net carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. If 
the sum of the expected cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, is less than the net carrying amount of the asset, an impairment 
loss is recognized in the amount by which the net carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company 
determined that there were no impairments of long-lived assets for the years ended July 31, 2021 and 2019. As discussed above, 
the Company recorded an impairment to long-lived assets related to its Colorado resort ground transportation company during 
the year ended July 31, 2020. The Company determined that there were no other impairments of long-lived assets for the year 
ended July 31, 2020. 

Revenue  Recognition  —  The  Company’s  significant  accounting  policies  with  regard  to  revenue  recognition  are  discussed  in 
Note 3, Revenues.

Real Estate Cost of Sales — Costs of real estate transactions include direct project costs, common cost allocations (primarily 
determined  on  relative  sales  value)  and  sales  commission  expense.  The  Company  utilizes  the  relative  sales  value  method  to 
determine cost of sales for condominium units sold within a project when specific identification of costs cannot be reasonably 
determined. 

Foreign Currency Translation — The functional currency of the Company’s entities operating outside of the United States is 
the  principal  currency  of  the  economic  environment  in  which  the  entity  primarily  generates  and  expends  cash,  which  is 
generally the local currency. The assets and liabilities of these foreign operations are translated at the exchange rate in effect as 
of the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated using the weighted average exchange rate for the period. 
Translation  adjustments  from  currency  exchange,  including  intercompany  transactions  of  a  long-term  nature,  are  recorded  in 
accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Intercompany transactions that are not 
of a long-term nature are reported as gains and losses within “segment operating expense” and for intercompany loans within 
foreign currency gain (loss) on intercompany loans on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

77

Reserve Estimates — The Company uses estimates to record reserves for certain liabilities, including medical claims, workers’ 
compensation  claims,  third-party  loss  contingencies  and  property  taxes,  among  other  items.  The  Company  estimates  the 
probable costs related to these liabilities that will be incurred and records that amount as a liability in its Consolidated Financial 
Statements. Additionally, the Company records, as applicable, receivables related to insurance recoveries for loss contingencies 
if  deemed  probable  of  recovery.  These  estimates  are  reviewed  and  adjusted  as  the  facts  and  circumstances  change.  The 
Company records legal costs related to defending claims as incurred.

Advertising Costs — Advertising costs are expensed at the time such advertising commences. Advertising expense for the years 
ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $38.6 million, $41.6 million and $44.6 million, respectively, and was recorded within 
Mountain and Lodging operating expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. 

Income Taxes — Income tax expense includes U.S. tax (federal and state) and foreign income taxes. The Company’s provision 
for income taxes is based on pre-tax income, changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities and changes in estimates with regard 
to  uncertain  tax  positions.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recorded  for  the  estimated  future  tax  effects  of  temporary 
differences  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  amounts  reported  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance 
Sheets and for operating loss and tax credit carrybacks or carryforwards. The change in deferred tax assets and liabilities for the 
period  measures  the  deferred  tax  provision  or  benefit  for  the  period.  Effects  of  changes  in  enacted  tax  laws  on  deferred  tax 
assets  and  liabilities  are  reflected  as  adjustments  to  the  tax  provision  or  benefit  in  the  period  of  enactment.  The  Company’s 
deferred tax assets have been reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent it is deemed to be more likely than not that some or 
all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-
step  process.  The  first  step  is  to  evaluate  the  tax  position  for  recognition  by  determining  if  the  weight  of  available  evidence 
indicates  that  it  is  “more-likely-than-not”  to  be  sustained,  on  audit,  including  resolution  of  related  appeals  or  litigation 
processes, if any. The second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the largest tax benefit that is cumulatively 
greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Interest and penalties accrued in connection with uncertain 
tax positions are recognized as a component of income tax expense. See Note 11, Income Taxes, for more information.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments — The recorded amounts for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables, other 
current  assets,  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  and  the  EB-5  Development  Notes  (as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term 
Debt) approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The fair value of amounts outstanding under the Company’s credit 
agreements  and  the  Employee  Housing  Bonds  (as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term  Debt)  approximate  book  value  due  to  the 
variable  nature  of  the  interest  rate  associated  with  the  debt.  The  estimated  fair  values  of  the  6.25%  Notes  and  the  0.0% 
Convertible  Notes  (each  as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term  Debt)  are  based  on  quoted  market  prices  (a  Level  2  input).  The 
estimated fair value of the EPR Secured Notes (as defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt) has been estimated using an analysis 
based on current borrowing rates for debt with similar remaining maturities and ratings (a Level 2 input). The carrying values, 
including  any  unamortized  premium  or  discount,  and  estimated  fair  values  of  the  6.25%  Notes,  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  and 
EPR Secured Notes as of July 31, 2021 are presented below (in thousands):

6.25% Notes
0.0% Convertible Notes

EPR Secured Notes

July 31, 2021

Carrying Value

Estimated Fair Value

$ 
$ 

$ 

600,000  $ 
477,755  $ 

135,711  $ 

638,730 
580,583 

206,025 

78

Stock-Based Compensation — Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based upon the estimated fair 
value of the award and is recognized as expense over the applicable vesting period of the award generally using the straight-line 
method (see Note 17, Stock Compensation Plan, for more information), less the amount of forfeited awards which are recorded 
as they occur. The following table shows total net stock-based compensation expense for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 
and 2019 included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands): 

Mountain stock-based compensation expense
Lodging stock-based compensation expense
Real Estate stock-based compensation expense
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense

Less: benefit from income taxes

Net stock-based compensation expense

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

20,311  $ 
3,783   
301   
24,395   
5,871   
18,524  $ 

17,410  $ 
3,399   
212   
21,021   
5,027   
15,994  $ 

16,474 
3,219 
163 
19,856 
4,589 
15,267 

Concentration of Credit Risk — The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist 
primarily of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in low 
risk  accounts  with  high-quality  credit  institutions.  The  Company  does  not  enter  into  financial  instruments  for  trading  or 
speculative  purposes.  Concentration  of  credit  risk  with  respect  to  accounts  and  notes  receivables  is  limited  due  to  the  wide 
variety  of  customers  and  markets  in  which  the  Company  transacts  business,  as  well  as  their  dispersion  across  many 
geographical  areas.  The  Company  performs  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  its  customers  and  generally  does  not  require 
collateral, but does require advance deposits on certain transactions.

Accounting for Hedging Instruments — From time to time, the Company enters into interest rate swaps to hedge the variability 
in  cash  flows  associated  with  variable-rate  borrowings  by  converting  the  floating  interest  rate  to  a  fixed  interest  rate  (the 
“Interest Rate Swaps”). As of July 31, 2021, the Company hedged the future cash flows associated with $400.0 million of the 
principal  amount  outstanding  of  its  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  (as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term  Debt),  which  were 
designated as cash flow hedges. The accounting for changes in fair value of hedging instruments depends on the effectiveness 
of the hedge. In order to qualify for hedge accounting, the underlying hedged item must expose the Company to risks associated 
with  market  fluctuations  and  the  financial  instrument  used  must  reduce  the  Company’s  exposure  to  market  fluctuation 
throughout  the  hedge  period.  Changes  in  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Interest  Rate  Swaps  are  recorded  within  change  in 
estimated fair value of hedging instruments on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, and such 
change  was  recorded  as  a  gain  (loss)  of  $12.8  million  and  ($22.5)  million  during  the  years  ended  July  31,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.  Such  amounts  are  reclassified  into  interest  expense,  net  from  other  comprehensive  income  during  the  period  in 
which the hedged item affects earnings. During the year ended July 31, 2021 $5.4 million was reclassified into interest expense, 
net from other comprehensive income. As of July 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of the Interest Rate Swaps was a liability of 
approximately $12.9 million and was recorded within other long-term liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet, 
and the impact of the underlying cash flows associated with the Interest Rate Swaps are recorded within interest expense, net on 
the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 10, Fair Value Measurements, for more information.

Leases — The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception or modification of the arrangement. An 
arrangement is or contains a lease if there is one or more assets identified and the right to control the use of any identified asset 
is  conveyed  to  the  Company  for  a  period  of  time  in  exchange  for  consideration.  Control  over  the  use  of  an  identified  asset 
means the lessee has both the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the asset and the right to 
direct the use of the asset. Generally, the Company classifies a lease as a finance lease if the terms of the agreement effectively 
transfer control of the underlying asset; otherwise, it is classified as an operating lease. For contracts that contain lease and non-
lease components, the Company accounts for these components separately. For leases with terms greater than twelve months, 
the  associated  lease  right-of-use  (“ROU”)  assets  and  lease  liabilities  are  recognized  at  the  estimated  present  value  of  future 
lease  payments  over  the  lease  term  at  commencement  date.  The  Company’s  leases  do  not  provide  a  readily  determinable 
implicit  rate;  therefore,  the  Company  uses  an  estimated  incremental  borrowing  rate  to  discount  the  future  minimum  lease 
payments.  For  leases  containing  fixed  rental  escalation  clauses,  the  escalators  are  factored  into  the  determination  of  future 
minimum lease payments. The Company includes options to extend a lease when it is reasonably certain that such options will 
be exercised. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See Note 4, 
Leases, for more information. The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02 on August 1, 2019, 
which  required  lessees  to  recognize  the  assets  and  liabilities  arising  from  all  leases  on  the  balance  sheet,  using  the  modified 
retrospective transition method as provided by the standard. Accordingly, reporting periods beginning on August 1, 2019 are 

79

 
  
 
 
 
 
presented  under  the  new  standard,  while  prior  periods  were  not  adjusted  and  continue  to  be  reported  in  accordance  with  the 
previously applicable accounting guidance.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of 
revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Standards Being Evaluated

In  March  2020,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  issued  ASU  2020-04,  “Reference  Rate  Reform  (Topic 
848):  Facilitation  of  the  Effects  of  Reference  Rate  Reform  on  Financial  Reporting.”  The  ASU  provides  optional  transition 
guidance,  for  a  limited  time,  to  companies  that  have  contracts,  hedging  relationships  or  other  transactions  that  reference  the 
London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate which is expected to be discontinued because of reference 
rate  reform.  The  amendments  provide  optional  expedients  and  exceptions  for  applying  GAAP  to  contracts,  hedging 
relationships,  and  other  transactions  if  certain  criteria  are  met.  The  amendments  in  this  update  are  effective  as  of  March  12, 
2020  through  December  31,  2022.  The  amendments  in  this  update  may  be  applied  as  of  any  date  from  the  beginning  of  an 
interim  period  that  includes  or  is  subsequent  to  March  12,  2020,  or  prospectively  from  a  date  within  an  interim  period  that 
includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. All other 
amendments should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company is in the process of evaluating the effect that the adoption 
of this standard will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements, but does not expect it will have a material effect.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own 
Equity” which simplifies the guidance in Accounting Standards Codifications (“ASC”) 470-20, “Debt – Debt with Conversion 
and  Other  Options”  by  reducing  the  number  of  accounting  separation  models  for  convertible  instruments,  amending  the 
guidance  in  ASC  815-40,  “Derivatives  and  Hedging  –  Contracts  in  Entity’s  Own  Equity”  for  certain  contracts  in  an  entity’s 
own  equity  that  are  currently  accounted  for  as  derivatives,  and  requiring  entities  to  use  the  if-converted  method  for  all 
convertible  instruments  in  the  diluted  earnings  per  share  (“EPS”)  calculation.  This  standard  will  be  effective  for  fiscal  years 
beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years (the Company’s first quarter of the fiscal 
year  ending  July  31,  2023).  Early  adoption  is  permitted,  but  no  earlier  than  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2020, 
including interim periods within those fiscal years (the Company’s first quarter of the fiscal year ending July 31, 2022). This 
standard allows for a modified retrospective or fully retrospective method of transition. The Company will adopt ASU 2020-06 
on August 1, 2022 and expects to use the modified retrospective method, and therefore financial information for periods before 
August 1, 2022 will remain unchanged. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the Company expects that it will reclassify 
the equity component of its 0.0% Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt) to long-term debt, net, and it will 
no longer record interest expense related to the amortization of the debt discount.

3. 

 Revenues

Revenue Recognition

The  following  provides  information  about  the  Company’s  composition  of  revenue  recognized  from  contracts  with  customers 
and other revenues, the performance obligations under those contracts, and the significant judgments made in accounting for 
those contracts:

• Mountain  revenue  is  derived  from  a  wide  variety  of  sources,  including,  among  other  things:  lift  revenue,  which 
includes sales of lift tickets and pass products; ski school revenue, which includes the revenue derived from ski school 
operations;  dining  revenue,  which  includes  both  casual  and  fine  dining  on-mountain  operations;  retail  sales  and 
equipment rentals; and other on-mountain revenue, which includes private ski club revenue (which includes both club 
dues and amortization of initiation fees), marketing and internet advertising revenue, municipal services and lodging 
and transportation operations at the Company’s Australian ski areas. Revenue is recognized over time as performance 
obligations are satisfied as control of the good or service (e.g. access to ski areas, provision of ski school services, etc.) 
is  transferred  to  the  customer,  except  for  the  Company’s  retail  sales  and  dining  operations  revenues  which  are 
recognized  at  a  point  in  time  when  performance  obligations  are  satisfied  by  transferring  control  of  the  underlying 
goods to the customer. The Company records deferred revenue primarily related to the sale of pass products. Deferred 
revenue is generally recognized throughout the ski season as the Company’s performance obligations are satisfied as 
control  of  the  service  (e.g.  access  to  ski  areas  throughout  the  ski  season)  is  transferred  to  the  customer.  Transfer  of 

80

control is based on an estimated number of pass product holder visits relative to total expected visits. Total expected 
visits are estimated based on historical data, and the Company believes this estimate provides a faithful depiction of its 
customers’ pass product usage. When sufficient historical data to determine usage patterns is not available, such as in 
the  case  of  new  product  offerings,  deferred  revenue  is  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  throughout  the  ski  season 
until sufficient historical usage patterns are available. The Company also includes other sources of revenue, primarily 
related to commercial leasing and employee housing leasing arrangements, within other mountain revenue.

•

•

Lodging revenue is derived from a wide variety of sources, including, among other things: revenue from owned hotel 
rooms  and  managed  hotel  rooms;  revenue  from  hotel  dining  operations;  transportation  revenue  which  relates  to  the 
Company’s  Colorado  resort  ground  transportation  operations;  and  other  lodging  revenue  which  includes  property 
management services, managed properties other costs reimbursements, private golf club revenue (which includes both 
club  dues  and  amortization  of  initiation  fees),  and  golf  course  fees.  Lodging  revenue  also  includes  managed  hotel 
property  payroll  cost  reimbursements  related  to  payroll  costs  at  managed  properties  where  the  Company  is  the 
employer,  which  are  reimbursed  by  the  owner  with  no  added  margin.  Therefore,  these  revenues  and  corresponding 
expenses  have  no  net  effect  on  the  Company’s  operating  income  or  net  income.  Other  than  revenue  from  dining 
operations, lodging revenue is mostly recognized over time as performance obligations are satisfied as control of the 
service (e.g. nightly hotel room access) is transferred to the customer. 

Real  estate  revenue  primarily  relates  to  the  sale  of  development  land  parcels.  Real  estate  revenue  is  generally 
recognized at a point in time when performance obligations have been satisfied, which is usually upon closing of the 
sales transaction and in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled.

For certain contracts that have an original term length of one year or less, the Company uses the practical expedient applicable 
to such contracts and does not consider the time value of money. For contracts with an expected term in excess of one year, the 
Company  has  considered  the  provisions  of  Topic  606  in  determining  whether  contracts  contain  a  financing  component.  The 
Company presents revenues in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, net of taxes, when collected from its 
customers  that  are  remitted  or  payable  to  government  taxing  authorities,  except  when  products  are  inclusive  of  taxes  where 
applicable.

As  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  the  Company  closed  its  North  American  destination  mountain  resorts,  regional  ski 
areas and retail stores early during the 2019/2020 North American ski season, beginning on March 15, 2020. Subsequently, the 
Company  announced  a  credit  offer  for  all  existing  2019/2020  North  American  ski  season  pass  product  holders  to  purchase 
2020/2021 North American ski season pass products at a discount (the “Credit Offer”). The Credit Offer discounts ranged from 
a minimum of 20% to a maximum of 80% for season pass holders, depending on the number of days the pass holder used their 
pass product during the 2019/2020 season and a credit, with no minimum, but up to 80% for multi-day pass products, such as 
the Epic Day Pass, based on total unused days. The Credit Offer was considered a contract modification which constituted an 
option  to  purchase  an  additional  pass  product  for  2019/2020  North  American  ski  season  guests  and,  as  such,  represented  a 
separate  performance  obligation  to  which  the  Company  allocated  a  transaction  price  of  approximately  $120.9  million.  As  a 
result,  the  Company  deferred  $120.9  million  of  pass  product  revenue,  which  would  have  otherwise  been  recognized  as  lift 
revenue  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2020.  The  Credit  Offer  expired  on  September  17,  2020  and  the  Company  recorded 
$15.4 million as lift revenue during the three months ended October 31, 2020, which was the amount of Credit Offer discounts 
which  were  not  redeemed.  The  remaining  deferred  revenue  associated  with  the  Credit  Offer  was  recognized  as  lift  revenue 
primarily during the 2020/2021 North American ski season, as the performance obligations were satisfied.

In  April  2020,  the  Company  announced  Epic  Coverage,  which  is  included  with  the  purchase  of  all  pass  products  for  no 
additional charge. Epic Coverage offers refunds to pass product holders if certain qualifying personal or resort closure events 
occur before or during the ski season. The estimated amount of refunds reduce the amount of pass product revenue recognized 
by the Company. To estimate the amount of refunds under Epic Coverage, the Company considers (i) historical claims data for 
personal events, (ii) provincial, state, county and local COVID-19 regulations and public health orders, (iii) the ability for the 
Company’s  pass  holders  to  make  reservations  on  their  preferred  days  (for  only  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski  season, 
during which the Company utilized a reservation system) and (iv) the Company’s operating plans for its resorts. The Company 
believes the estimates of refunds are reasonable; however, actual results could vary materially from such estimates, and such 
estimates will be remeasured at each reporting date.

Additionally,  for  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski  season,  the  Company  introduced  Epic  Mountain  Rewards,  a  program 
which provides pass product holders a discount of 20% off on-mountain food and beverage, lodging, group ski school lessons, 
equipment  rentals  and  more  at  the  Company’s  North  American  owned  and  operated  Resorts.  Epic  Mountain  Rewards 
constitutes  an  option  to  our  guests  to  purchase  additional  products  and  services  from  us  at  a  discount  and  as  a  result,  the 
Company allocates a portion of the pass product transaction price to these other lines of business.

81

Disaggregation of Revenues

The following table presents net revenues disaggregated by segment and major revenue type for the years ended July 31, 2021, 
2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

Mountain net revenue:

Lift

Ski School

Dining

Retail/Rental

Other

Total Mountain net revenue

Lodging net revenue:

Owned hotel rooms

Managed condominium rooms

Dining 

Transportation

Golf

Other

Payroll cost reimbursements

Total Lodging net revenue 

Total Resort net revenue

Total Real Estate net revenue

Total net revenue

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

1,076,578  $ 

913,091  $ 

1,033,234 

144,227 

90,329 

227,993 

150,751 

189,131 

160,763 

270,299 

177,159 

215,060 

181,837 

320,267 

205,803 

$ 

1,689,878  $ 

1,710,443  $ 

1,956,201 

$ 

47,509  $ 

44,992  $ 

72,217 

19,068 

9,271 

20,437 

43,007 

211,509 

6,553 

76,480 

38,252 

15,796 

17,412 

44,933 

237,865 

10,549 

64,826 

86,236 

53,730 

21,275 

19,648 

54,617 

300,332 

14,330 

$ 

$ 

218,062  $ 

248,414  $ 

314,662 

1,907,940  $ 

1,958,857  $ 

2,270,863 

1,770 

4,847 

712 

$ 

1,909,710  $ 

1,963,704  $ 

2,271,575 

Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations

Several  of  the  Company’s  contracts  with  customers  include  multiple  performance  obligations,  primarily  related  to  bundled 
services such as ski school packages, lodging packages and events (e.g. weddings and conferences). For such contracts, revenue 
is allocated to each distinct and separate performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The standalone 
selling prices are generally based on observable prices charged to customers or estimated based on historical experience and 
information.

Contract Balances

Contract  liabilities  are  recorded  primarily  as  deferred  revenues  when  payments  are  received  or  due  in  advance  of  the 
Company’s  performance,  including  amounts  which  may  be  refundable.  The  deferred  revenue  balance  is  primarily  related  to 
accounts receivable or cash payments recorded in advance of satisfying the Company’s performance obligations related to sales 
of  pass  products  prior  to  the  start  of  the  ski  season,  private  club  initiation  fees  and  other  related  advance  purchase  products, 
including  advance  purchase  lift  tickets,  multiple-day  lift  tickets,  ski  school  lessons,  equipment  rentals  and  lodging  advance 
deposits.  Due  to  the  seasonality  of  the  Company’s  operations,  its  largest  deferred  revenue  balances  occur  during  the  North 
American pass product selling window, which generally begins in the third quarter of its fiscal year. Deferred revenue balances 
of a short-term nature were $456.5 million and $256.4 million as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and the increase was 
primarily due to an increase in pass product sales for the 2021/2022 North American ski season as compared to the prior year 
from  the  beginning  of  the  selling  season  through  each  respective  fiscal  year-end,  due  largely  to  the  lack  of  any  spring  sales 
deadlines in fiscal year 2020 as a result of COVID-19. Deferred revenue balances of a long-term nature, comprised primarily of 
long-term  private  club  initiation  fee  revenue,  were  $121.0  million  and  $121.9  million  as  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.  For  the  year  ended  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  recognized  approximately  $232.8  million  of  revenue  that  was 
included in the deferred revenue balance as of July 31, 2020. As of July 31, 2021, the weighted average remaining period over 

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
which  revenue  for  unsatisfied  performance  obligations  on  long-term  private  club  contracts  will  be  recognized  was 
approximately 16 years.

Contract  assets  are  recorded  as  trade  receivables  when  the  right  to  consideration  is  unconditional.  Trade  receivable  balances 
were  $345.4  million  and  $106.7  million  as  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  Payments  from  customers  are  based  on 
billing terms established in the contracts with customers, which vary by the type of customer, the location and the products or 
services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and 
customer  types,  contracts  require  payment  before  the  products  are  delivered  or  services  are  provided  to  the  customer. 
Impairment losses related to contract assets are recognized through the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts analysis. 
Contract asset write-offs are evaluated on an individual basis.

Costs to Obtain Contracts with Customers

The Company expects that credit card fees and sales commissions paid in order to obtain season ski pass products contracts are 
recoverable. Accordingly, the Company records these amounts as assets when they are paid prior to the start of the ski season. 
As of July 31, 2021, $3.1 million of costs to obtain contracts with customers were recorded within other current assets on the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. Deferred credit card fees and sales commissions are amortized commensurate with the 
recognition of season ski pass revenue. The Company recorded amortization of $17.8 million, $11.0 million and $10.6 million 
for these costs during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which were recorded within Mountain and 
Lodging operating expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Utilizing the practical expedient provided for under Topic 606, the Company has elected to expense credit card fees and sales 
commissions related to non-season ski pass products and services as incurred, as the amortization period is generally one year 
or less for the time between customer purchase and utilization. These fees are recorded within Mountain and Lodging operating 
expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

4. 

 Leases

The  Company’s  operating  leases  consist  primarily  of  commercial  and  retail  space,  office  space,  employee  residential  units, 
vehicles  and  other  equipment.  The  Company  determines  if  an  arrangement  is  or  contains  a  lease  at  contract  inception  or 
modification. The Company’s lease contracts generally range from 1 year to 60 years, with some lease contracts containing one 
or more lease extension options, exercisable at the Company’s discretion. The Company generally does not include these lease 
extension options in the initial lease term as it is not reasonably certain that it will exercise such options at contract inception. In 
addition,  certain  lease  arrangements  contain  fixed  and  variable  lease  payments.  The  variable  lease  payments  are  primarily 
contingent  rental  payments  based  on:  (i)  a  percentage  of  revenue  related  to  the  leased  property;  (ii)  payments  based  on  a 
percentage  of  sales  over  contractual  levels;  or  (iii)  lease  payments  adjusted  for  changes  in  an  index  or  market  value.  These 
variable lease payments are typically recognized when the underlying event occurs and are included in operating expenses in 
the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations in the same line item as the expense arising from the respective fixed 
lease payments. The Company’s lease agreements may also include non-lease components, such as common area maintenance 
and insurance, which are accounted for separately. Future lease payments that are contingent and non-lease components are not 
included  in  the  measurement  of  the  operating  lease  liability.  The  Company’s  lease  agreements  do  not  contain  any  material 
residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. Lease expense related to lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis 
over the term of the lease.

The Company’s leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. As a result, the Company measures the lease liability 
using  an  estimated  incremental  borrowing  rate  which  is  intended  to  reflect  the  rate  of  interest  the  Company  would  pay  on  a 
collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. The Company applies the estimated 
incremental borrowing rates at a portfolio level based on the economic environment associated with the lease.

The  Company  uses  the  long-lived  assets  impairment  guidance  to  determine  recognition  and  measurement  of  an  ROU  asset 
impairment, if any. The Company monitors for events or changes in circumstances that require a reassessment.

83

The components of lease expense for the years ended July 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

Finance leases:

Amortization of the finance ROU assets

Interest on lease liabilities 

Operating leases:

Operating lease expense
Short-term lease expense (1)
Variable lease expense 

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

9,753  $ 

34,612  $ 

43,418  $ 

13,638  $ 

1,660  $ 

9,753 

34,035 

43,303 

13,943 

1,583 

(1)  Short-term  lease  expense  is  attributable  to  leases  with  terms  of  12  months  or  less  which  are  not  included  within  the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents the supplemental cash flow information associated with the Company’s leasing activities for the 
years ended July 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Cash flow supplemental information:

Operating cash outflows for operating leases 

Operating cash outflows for finance leases

Financing cash outflows for finance leases 

Non-cash supplemental information:

Operating ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations 

Weighted-average remaining lease terms and discount rates are as follows:

Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)

Operating leases

Finance leases 

Weighted-average discount rate 

Operating leases
Finance leases 

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

56,942  $ 

31,429  $ 

—  $ 

55,344 

29,311 

5,387 

12,615  $ 

18,013 

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

10.2

41.9

 4.5 %
 10.0 %

10.6

42.9

 4.5 %
 10.0 %

84

Future fixed lease payments for operating and finance leases as of July 31, 2021 reflected by fiscal year (August 1 through July 
31) are as follows (in thousands):

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

Thereafter

Total future minimum lease payments 

Less amount representing interest 

Total lease liabilities 

Operating Leases 

Finance Leases 

$ 

47,036  $ 

40,994 

36,452 

33,924 

30,362 

109,063 

297,831 

$ 

(72,249)   

225,582  $ 

29,394 

29,982 

30,582 

31,193 

31,817 

1,742,038 

1,895,006 

(1,543,186) 

351,820 

The current portion of operating lease liabilities of approximately $34.7 million and $36.6 million as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively,  are  recorded  within  accounts  payables  and  accrued  liabilities  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet.  Finance  lease 
liabilities are recorded within long-term debt, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The  Canyons  finance  lease  obligation  represents  the  only  material  finance  lease  entered  into  by  the  Company  and  was 
$351.8 million and $346.0 million as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which represents the estimated annual fixed lease 
payments for the remaining initial 50 year term of the lease assuming annual increases at the floor of 2% and discounted using 
an  interest  rate  of  10%.  As  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020,  respectively,  the  Company  has  recorded  $108.0  million  and  $117.8 
million  of  finance  lease  ROU  assets  in  connection  with  the  Canyons  lease,  net  of  $75.5  million  and  $65.8  million  of 
accumulated amortization, which is included within property, plant and equipment, net in the Company’s Consolidated Balance 
Sheet.

5. 

Net Income Per Common Share

Earnings per Share

Basic  earnings  per  share  (“EPS”)  excludes  dilution  and  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  attributable  to  Vail  Resorts 
stockholders  by  the  weighted-average  shares  outstanding  during  the  period.  Diluted  EPS  reflects  the  potential  dilution  that 
could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, resulting in the issuance of shares of common 
stock that would then share in the earnings of Vail Resorts. 

In  connection  with  the  Company’s  acquisition  of  Whistler  Blackcomb  in  October  2016  (see  Note  7,  Acquisitions),  the 
Company  issued  consideration  in  the  form  of  shares  of  Vail  Resorts  common  stock  (the  “Vail  Shares”)  and  shares  of  the 
Company’s  wholly-owned  Canadian 
to 
receive  3,327,719  Vail  Shares  and  418,095  shares  of  Exchangeco  (the  “Exchangeco  Shares”).  Both  Vail  Shares  and 
Exchangeco  Shares  have  a  par  value  of  $0.01  per  share,  and  Exchangeco  Shares,  while  outstanding,  are  substantially  the 
economic equivalent of the Vail Shares and are exchangeable, at any time prior to the seventh anniversary of the closing of the 
acquisition,  into  Vail  Shares.  The  Company’s  calculation  of  weighted-average  shares  outstanding  includes  the  Exchangeco 
Shares.

(“Exchangeco”).  Whistler  Blackcomb 

shareholders  elected 

subsidiary 

85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Presented  below  is  basic  and  diluted  EPS  for  the  years  ended  July  31,  2021,  2020  and  2019  (in  thousands,  except  per  share 
amounts):

Net income per share:
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts

Weighted-average shares outstanding

Weighted-average Exchangeco shares outstanding

Total Weighted-average shares outstanding

Effect of dilutive securities

Total shares

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

Basic

Diluted

Basic

Diluted

Basic

Diluted

$  127,850  $  127,850  $  98,833  $  98,833  $  301,163  $  301,163 

40,266   

40,266   

40,227   

40,227   

40,292   

40,292 

35   

35   

46   

46   

57   

57 

40,301   

40,301   

40,273   

40,273   

40,349   

40,349 

—   

527   

—   

565   

—   

809 

40,301   

40,828   

40,273   

40,838   

40,349   

41,158 

Net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. $ 

3.17  $ 

3.13  $ 

2.45  $ 

2.42  $ 

7.46  $ 

7.32 

The Company computes the effect of dilutive securities using the treasury stock method and average market prices during the 
period. The number of shares issuable on the exercise of share based awards that were excluded from the calculation of diluted 
net income per share because the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive totaled approximately 2,000, 2,000 and 
4,000 for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

On  December  18,  2020,  the  Company  completed  an  offering  of  $575.0  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  0.0% 
Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt). The Company is required to settle the principal amount of the 0.0% 
Convertible Notes in cash and has the option to settle the conversion spread in cash or shares. The Company uses the treasury 
method to calculate diluted EPS, and if the conversion value of the 0.0% Convertible Notes exceeds their conversion price of 
$407.17 per share of common stock, then the Company will calculate its diluted EPS as if all the notes were converted and the 
Company  issued  shares  of  its  common  stock  to  settle  the  excess  value  over  the  conversion  price.  The  par  value  of  the  0.0% 
Convertible Notes is required to be settled in cash and therefore would not impact diluted EPS. However, if reflecting the 0.0% 
Convertible Notes in diluted EPS in this manner is anti-dilutive, or if the conversion value of the notes does not exceed their 
initial conversion amount for a reporting period, then the shares underlying the notes will not be reflected in the Company’s 
calculation of diluted EPS. For the year ended July 31, 2021, the average price of Vail Shares did not exceed the conversion 
price and therefore there was no impact to diluted EPS during those periods.

Dividends

The Company did not pay cash dividends during the year ended July 31, 2021. During the years ended July 31, 2020 and 2019, 
the Company paid cash dividends of $5.28 per share ($212.7 million in the aggregate) and $6.46 per share ($260.6 million in 
the aggregate), respectively. On September 22, 2021 the Company’s Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $0.88 per 
share payable on October 22, 2021 to stockholders of record as of October 5, 2021. Additionally, a Canadian dollar equivalent 
dividend on the Exchangeco Shares will be payable on October 22, 2021 to the shareholders of record on October 5, 2021.

86

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
6. 

Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt as of July 31, 2021 and 2020 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Vail Holdings Credit Agreement revolver (a)
Vail Holdings Credit Agreement term loan (a)
6.25% Notes (b)
0.0% Convertible Notes (c)
Whistler Credit Agreement revolver (d)
EPR Secured Notes (e)
EB-5 Development Notes (f)
Employee housing bonds (g)
Canyons obligation (h)
Other (i)

Total debt

Maturity

2024

2024

2025

2026

2024

2034-2036

2021

2027-2039

2063

2021-2033

Less: Unamortized premiums, discounts and debt issuance costs (j)
Less: Current maturities (k)
Long-term debt, net

$ 

July 31,
2021

July 31,
2020

$ 

—  $ 

1,140,625   

— 

1,203,125 

600,000 

— 

58,236 

114,162 

51,500 

52,575 

346,034 

18,616 
2,444,248 

(6,551) 

63,677 
2,387,122 

600,000   

575,000   

44,891   

114,162   

51,500   

52,575   

351,820   

17,941   
2,948,514   

98,222   

114,117   
2,736,175  $ 

(a) On  December  18,  2020,  Vail  Holdings,  Inc.  (“VHI”),  certain  subsidiaries  of  the  Company,  as  guarantors,  Bank  of 
America, N.A., as administrative agent, and certain Lenders entered into a Fourth Amendment to the Vail Holdings Credit 
Agreement  (the  “Fourth  Amendment”).  Pursuant  to  the  Fourth  Amendment,  among  other  terms,  VHI  is  exempt  from 
complying  with  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement’s  maximum  leverage  ratio,  senior  secured  leverage  ratio  and 
minimum interest coverage ratio financial maintenance covenants for each of the fiscal quarters ending through January 31, 
2022  (unless  VHI  makes  a  one-time  irrevocable  election  to  terminate  such  exemption  period  prior  to  such  date)  (such 
period, the “Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period”), after which VHI will again be required to comply with such 
covenants starting with the fiscal quarter ending April 30, 2022 (or such earlier fiscal quarter as elected by VHI). After the 
expiration of the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period:

•

•

•

the maximum ratio permitted under the maximum leverage ratio financial maintenance covenant shall be 6.25 to 
1.00;
the maximum ratio permitted under the senior secured leverage ratio financial maintenance covenant shall be 4.00 
to 1.00; and
the minimum ratio permitted under the minimum interest coverage ratio financial maintenance covenant will be 
2.00 to 1.00. 

The Company is prohibited from the following activities during the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period (unless 
approval is obtained by a majority of the Lenders):

•

•

paying any dividends or making share repurchases, unless (x) no default or potential default exists under the Vail 
Holdings Credit Agreement and (y) the Company has liquidity (as defined below) of at least $300.0 million, and 
the  aggregate  amount  of  dividends  paid  and  share  repurchases  made  by  the  Company  during  the  Financial 
Covenants Temporary Waiver Period may not exceed $38.2 million in any fiscal quarter;

incurring indebtedness secured by the collateral under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement in an amount in excess 
of $1.75 billion; and

• making certain non-ordinary course investments in similar businesses, joint ventures and unrestricted subsidiaries 

unless the Company has liquidity (as defined below) of at least $300.0 million;

The  Fourth  Amendment  also  removed  certain  restrictions  under  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period, 
including (i) removing the restriction on acquisitions so long as the Company has liquidity (as defined below) of at least 
$300.0 million and (ii) removing the $200.0 million annual limit on capital expenditures.

In addition, VHI is required to comply with a monthly minimum liquidity test (liquidity is defined as unrestricted cash and 
temporary  cash  investments  of  VHI  and  its  restricted  subsidiaries  and  available  commitments  under  the  Vail  Holdings 

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Agreement revolver) of not less than $150.0 million until the date which VHI delivers a compliance certificate for 
the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries’  first  fiscal  quarter  following  the  end  of  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver 
Period.

During  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period,  borrowings  under  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement, 
including the term loan facility, bear interest annually at LIBOR plus 2.50% and, for amounts in excess of $400.0 million, 
LIBOR  is  subject  to  a  floor  of  0.25%  (which  decreased  from  the  floor  of  0.75%  that  was  in  effect  prior  to  the  Fourth 
Amendment). 

As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  consists  of  a  $500.0  million  revolving  credit  facility  and  a 
$1.1  billion  outstanding  term  loan  facility.  The  term  loan  facility  is  subject  to  quarterly  amortization  of  principal  of 
approximately $15.6 million (which began in January 2020), in equal installments, for a total of 5% of principal payable in 
each year and the final payment of all amounts outstanding, plus accrued and unpaid interest due in September 2024. The 
proceeds of the loans made under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement may be used to fund the Company’s working capital 
needs, capital expenditures, acquisitions, investments and other general corporate purposes, including the issuance of letters 
of  credit,  subject  to  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period  limitations.  Borrowings  under  the  Vail  Holdings 
Credit Agreement, including the term loan facility, bear interest annually at LIBOR plus 2.50% as of July 31, 2021 (2.59% 
for the first $400.0 million of borrowings, and for amounts in excess of $400.0 million for which LIBOR is subject to a 
floor  of  0.25%  during  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period,  2.75%).  Other  than  as  impacted  by  the 
provisions  in  place  during  the  Financial  Covenants  Temporary  Waiver  Period,  interest  rate  margins  may  fluctuate  based 
upon the ratio of the Company’s Net Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA on a trailing four- quarter basis. The Vail Holdings 
Credit Agreement also includes a quarterly unused commitment fee, which is equal to a percentage determined by the Net 
Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio, as each such term is defined in the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, multiplied by 
the  daily  amount  by  which  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  commitment  exceeds  the  total  of  outstanding  loans  and 
outstanding letters of credit (0.4% as of July 31, 2021). During the year ended July 31, 2020, the Company entered into 
various interest rate swap agreements to hedge the LIBOR-based variable interest rate component of underlying cash flows 
of $400.0 million in principal amount of its Vail Holdings Credit Agreement for the remaining term of the agreement at an 
effective rate of 1.46%.

(b) On  May  4,  2020,  the  Company  completed  its  offering  of  $600  million  aggregate  principal  amount  of  6.25%  senior 
notes due 2025 at par (the “6.25% Notes”), and a portion of the net proceeds were utilized to pay down the outstanding 
balance  of  the  revolver  component  of  its  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  in  its  entirety  (which  will  continue  to  be 
available to the Company to borrow including throughout the Financial Covenants Temporary Waiver Period) and to pay 
the  fees  and  expenses  associated  with  the  offering,  with  the  remaining  net  proceeds  intended  to  be  used  for  general 
corporate purposes.

The  Company  pays  interest  on  the  6.25%  Notes  on  May  15  and  November  15  of  each  year,  which  commenced  on 
November 15, 2020. The 6.25% Notes will mature on May 15, 2025. The 6.25% Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, 
at  any  time  on  or  after  May  15,  2022  at  the  redemption  prices  specified  in  an  indenture  dated  as  of  May  4,  2020  (the 
“6.25% Indenture”) plus accrued and unpaid interest. Prior to May 15, 2022, the Company may redeem some or all of the 
6.25% Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, plus a “make-whole” 
premium as specified in the 6.25% Indenture. In addition, prior to May 15, 2022, the Company may redeem up to 35% of 
the aggregate principal amount of the 6.25% Notes with an amount not to exceed the net cash proceeds from certain equity 
offerings at the redemption price of 106.25% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid 
interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. The 6.25% Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company, 
are guaranteed by certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries, and rank equally in right of payment with existing and 
future senior indebtedness of the Company and the guarantors (as defined in the 6.25% Indenture).

The 6.25% Indenture requires that, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined in the 6.25% Indenture), the 
Company  shall  offer  to  purchase  all  of  the  outstanding  6.25%  Notes  at  a  purchase  price  in  cash  equal  to  101%  of  the 
outstanding  principal  amount  of  the  6.25%  Notes,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  interest.  If  the  Company  or  certain  of  its 
subsidiaries  dispose  of  assets,  under  certain  circumstances,  the  Company  will  be  required  to  either  invest  the  net  cash 
proceeds from such assets sales in its business within a specified period of time, repay certain senior secured debt or debt of 
its non-guarantor subsidiaries, or make an offer to purchase a principal amount of the 6.25% Notes equal to the excess net 
cash proceeds at a purchase price of 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The 6.25% Indenture contains covenants that, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company and the guarantors to 
incur  liens  on  assets;  merge  or  consolidate  with  another  company  or  sell,  assign,  transfer,  lease,  convey  or  otherwise 
dispose of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or engage in Sale and Leaseback Transactions (as defined in the 
6.25%  Indenture).  The  6.25%  Indenture  does  not  contain  any  financial  maintenance  covenants.  Certain  of  the  covenants 
will  not  apply  to  the  6.25%  Notes  so  long  as  the  6.25%  Notes  have  investment  grade  ratings  from  two  specified  rating 

88

agencies and no event of default has occurred and is continuing under the 6.25% Indenture. The 6.25% Indenture includes 
customary  events  of  default,  including  failure  to  make  payment,  failure  to  comply  with  the  obligations  set  forth  in  the 
6.25% Indenture, certain defaults on certain other indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, 
and invalidity of the guarantees of the 6.25% Notes issued pursuant to the 6.25% Indenture.

(c) On December 18, 2020, the Company completed an offering of $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% 
Convertible  Notes  due  2026  in  a  private  placement  conducted  pursuant  to  Rule  144A  of  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  as 
amended (the “0.0% Convertible Notes”). The 0.0% Convertible Notes were issued under an indenture dated December 18, 
2020  (the  “Convertible  Indenture”)  between  the  Company  and  U.S.  Bank  National  Association,  as  Trustee.  The  0.0% 
Convertible  Notes  do  not  bear  regular  interest  and  the  principal  amount  does  not  accrete.  The  0.0%  Convertible  Notes 
mature on January 1, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted.

The 0.0% Convertible Notes are general senior unsecured obligations of the Company. The 0.0% Convertible Notes rank 
senior in right of payment to any future debt that is expressly subordinated, equal in right of payment with the Company’s 
existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, and are subordinated to all of the Company’s existing and future 
secured  debt  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the  assets  securing  such  debt.  The  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  will  also  be 
structurally  subordinated  to  all  of  the  existing  and  future  liabilities  and  obligations  of  the  Company’s  subsidiaries, 
including such subsidiaries’ guarantees of the 6.25% Notes.

The  initial  conversion  rate  was  2.4560  shares  per  $1,000  principal  amount  of  notes  (the  “Conversion  Rate”),  which 
represents  an  initial  conversion  price  of  approximately  $407.17  per  share  (the  “Conversion  Price”),  and  is  subject  to 
adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events as described in the Convertible Indenture. The principal amount 
of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  is  required  to  be  settled  in  cash.  The  Company  will  settle  conversions  by  paying  cash, 
delivering shares of its common stock, or a combination of the two, at its option.

Holders may convert their notes, at their option, only under the following circumstances:

•

•

•

•

•

during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2021 if the last reported 
sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price for each of at least 20 trading 
days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading 
day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter;

during  the  five  consecutive  business  days  immediately  after  any  10  consecutive  trading  day  period  (such  10 
consecutive trading day period, the “Measurement Period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount 
of notes for each trading day of the Measurement Period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale 
price per share of our common stock on such trading day and the Conversion Rate on such trading day;

upon  the  occurrence  of  certain  corporate  events  or  distributions  on  our  common  stock,  as  described  in  the 
Convertible Indenture;

if the Company calls the 0.0% Convertible Notes for redemption; or

at any time from, and including, July 1, 2025 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately 
before the maturity date.

The 0.0% Convertible Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the Company’s option at any time, and from time to 
time, on or after January 1, 2024 and on or before the 25th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a 
cash  redemption  price  equal  to  the  principal  amount  of  the  notes  to  be  redeemed,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  special  and 
additional interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of the 
Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price for a specified period of time. If the Company elects to 
redeem  less  than  all  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes,  at  least  $50.0  million  aggregate  principal  amount  of  notes  must  be 
outstanding and not subject to redemption as of the relevant redemption notice date. Calling any 0.0% Convertible Notes 
for redemption will constitute a make-whole fundamental change with respect to such notes, in which case the Conversion 
Rate applicable to the conversion of such notes will be increased in certain circumstances if such notes are converted after 
they are called for redemption.

In addition, upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Convertible Indenture), holders of the 0.0% 
Convertible Notes may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their notes at a cash repurchase price equal to 
the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid special and additional interest, if any, to, 
but  excluding,  the  applicable  repurchase  date.  If  certain  fundamental  changes  referred  to  as  make-whole  fundamental 
changes  (as  defined  in  the  Convertible  Indenture)  occur,  the  Conversion  Rate  for  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  may  be 
increased for a specified period of time.

89

The Convertible Indenture includes customary events of default, including failure to make payment, failure to comply with 
the obligations set forth in the Convertible Indenture, certain defaults on certain other indebtedness, and certain events of 
bankruptcy,  insolvency  or  reorganization.  The  Company  may  elect,  at  its  option,  that  the  sole  remedy  for  an  event  of 
default relating to certain failures by the Company to comply with certain reporting covenants in the Convertible Indenture 
will consist exclusively of the right of the holders of the 0.0% Convertible Notes to receive additional interest on the notes 
for up to 360 days following such failure.

The  Company  separately  accounts  for  the  liability  and  equity  components  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes.  The  liability 
component at issuance was recognized at estimated fair value based on the fair value of a similar debt instrument that does 
not have an embedded convertible feature, and was determined to be $465.3 million and was recorded within long-term 
debt, net on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. The excess of the principal amount of the 0.0% Convertible Notes 
over the initial fair value of the liability component represents a debt discount of $109.7 million and will be amortized to 
interest expense, net over the term. The balance of the unamortized debt discount was $97.2 million as of July 31, 2021. 
The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was approximately $109.7 million and 
was  determined  by  deducting  the  initial  fair  value  of  the  liability  component  from  the  total  proceeds  of  the  0.0% 
Convertible  Notes  of  $575.0  million.  Additionally,  the  Company  recorded  deferred  tax  liabilities  of  approximately 
$27.5 million related to the equity component of the 0.0% Convertible Notes on the date of issuance, which decreased the 
recorded  value  of  the  equity  component.  The  equity  component  is  recorded  within  additional  paid-in  capital  on  the 
Company’s  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet  and  is  not  remeasured  as  long  as  it  continues  to  meet  the  conditions  for  equity 
classification.

Deferred financing costs related to the 0.0% Convertible Notes of approximately $14.9 million were allocated between the 
liability and equity components of the 0.0% Convertible Notes based on the proportion of the total proceeds allocated to 
the debt and equity components.

(d) Whistler Mountain Resort Limited Partnership (“Whistler LP”) and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership 
(“Blackcomb LP”), together “The WB Partnerships,” are party to a credit agreement, dated as of November 12, 2013 (as 
amended, the “Whistler Credit Agreement”), by and among Whistler LP, Blackcomb LP, certain subsidiaries of Whistler 
LP and Blackcomb LP party thereto as guarantors (the “Whistler Subsidiary Guarantors”), the financial institutions party 
thereto as lenders and The Toronto-Dominion Bank, as administrative agent. The Whistler Credit Agreement consists of a 
C$300.0  million  revolving  credit  facility,  and  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  an 
amendment  of  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  which  extended  the  maturity  date  of  the  revolving  credit  facility  to 
December  15,  2024.  No  other  material  terms  of  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  were  altered.  The  WB  Partnerships’ 
obligations  under  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  are  guaranteed  by  the  Whistler  Subsidiary  Guarantors  and  are 
collateralized by a pledge of the capital stock of the Whistler Subsidiary Guarantors and a pledge of substantially all of the 
assets  of  Whistler  LP,  Blackcomb  LP  and  the  Whistler  Subsidiary  Guarantors.  In  addition,  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  the 
Whistler  Credit  Agreement,  the  WB  Partnerships  have  the  ability  to  increase  the  commitment  amount  by  up  to  C$75.0 
million,  subject  to  lender  approval.  Borrowings  under  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  are  available  in  Canadian  or  U.S. 
dollars  and  bear  interest  annually,  subject  to  an  applicable  margin  based  on  the  WB  Partnerships’  Consolidated  Total 
Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Whistler Credit Agreement), with pricing as of July 31, 2021, in the case of borrowings 
(i)  in  Canadian  dollars,  at  the  WB  Partnerships’  option,  either  (a)  at  the  Canadian  Prime  Rate  plus  1.00%  per  annum  or 
(b) by way of the issuance of bankers’ acceptances plus 2.00% per annum; and (ii) in U.S. dollars, at the WB Partnerships 
option, either at (a) the U.S. Base Rate plus 1.00% per annum or (b) Bankers Acceptance Rate plus 2.00% per annum. As 
of July 31, 2021, all borrowings under the Whistler Credit Agreement were made in Canadian dollars and by way of the 
issuance of bankers’ acceptances plus 2.00% (approximately 2.46% as of July 31, 2021). The Whistler Credit Agreement 
also  includes  a  quarterly  unused  commitment  fee  based  on  the  Consolidated  Total  Leverage  Ratio,  which  as  of  July  31, 
2021 is equal to 0.45% per annum.  The Whistler Credit Agreement provides for affirmative and negative covenants that 
restrict, among other things, the WB Partnerships’ ability to incur indebtedness and liens, dispose of assets, make capital 
expenditures, make distributions and make investments. In addition, the Whistler Credit Agreement includes the restrictive 
financial covenants (leverage ratios and interest coverage ratios) customary for facilities of this type.

(e) On September 24, 2019, in conjunction with the acquisition of Peak Resorts (see Note 7, Acquisitions), the Company 
assumed various secured borrowings (the “EPR Secured Notes”) under the master credit and security agreements and other 
related  agreements,  as  amended,  (collectively,  the  “EPR  Agreements”)  with  EPT  Ski  Properties,  Inc.  and  its  affiliates 
(“EPR”). The EPR Secured Notes include the following:

i.

The Alpine Valley Secured Note. The $4.6 million Alpine Valley Secured Note provides for interest payments 
through  its  maturity  on  December  1,  2034.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  interest  on  this  note  accrued  at  a  rate  of 
11.38%. 

90

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

The  Boston  Mills/Brandywine  Secured  Note.  The  $23.3  million  Boston  Mills/Brandywine  Secured  Note 
provides for interest payments through its maturity on December 1, 2034. As of July 31, 2021, interest on this 
note accrued at a rate of 10.91%.

The Jack Frost/Big Boulder Secured Note. The $14.3 million Jack Frost/Big Boulder Secured Note provides 
for  interest  payments  through  its  maturity  on  December  1,  2034.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  interest  on  this  note 
accrued at a rate of 10.91%. 

The Mount Snow Secured Note. The $51.1 million Mount Snow Secured Note provides for interest payments 
through  its  maturity  on  December  1,  2034.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  interest  on  this  note  accrued  at  a  rate  of 
11.96%. 

The  Hunter  Mountain  Secured  Note.  The  $21.0  million  Hunter  Mountain  Secured  Note  provides  for  interest 
payments through its maturity on January 5, 2036. As of July 31, 2021, interest on this note accrued at a rate of 
8.72%. 

The EPR Secured Notes are secured by all or substantially all of the assets of Peak Resorts and its subsidiaries, including 
mortgages on the Alpine Valley, Boston Mills, Brandywine, Jack Frost, Big Boulder, Mount Snow and Hunter Mountain 
ski  resorts.  The  EPR  Secured  Notes  bear  interest  at  specified  interest  rates,  as  discussed  above,  which  are  subject  to 
increase  each  year  by  the  lesser  of  (i)  three  times  the  percentage  increase  in  the  Consumer  Price  Index  (“CPI”)  or  (ii)  a 
capped index (the “Capped CPI Index”), which is 1.75% for the Hunter Mountain Secured Note and 1.50% for all other 
notes. The EPR Agreements provide for affirmative and negative covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of 
Peak  Resorts  and  its  subsidiaries  to  incur  indebtedness,  dispose  of  assets,  make  distributions  and  make  investments.  In 
addition,  the  EPR  Agreements  include  restrictive  covenants,  including  maximum  leverage  ratio  and  consolidated  fixed 
charge ratio. An additional contingent interest payment would be due to EPR if, on a calendar year basis, the gross receipts 
from the properties securing any of the individual EPR Secured Notes (the “Gross Receipts”) are more than the result (the 
“Interest  Quotient”)  of  dividing  the  total  interest  charges  for  the  EPR  Secured  Notes  by  a  specified  percentage  rate  (the 
“Additional Interest Rate”). In such a case, the additional interest payment would equal the difference between the Gross 
Receipts and the Interest Quotient multiplied by the Additional Interest Rate. This calculation is made on an aggregated 
basis for the notes secured by the Jack Frost, Big Boulder, Boston Mills, Brandywine and Alpine Valley ski resorts, where 
the Additional Interest Rate is 10.0%; on a standalone basis for the note secured by the Company’s Mount Snow ski resort, 
where  the  Additional  Interest  Rate  is  12.0%;  and  on  a  standalone  basis  for  the  note  secured  by  the  Company’s  Hunter 
Mountain ski resort, where the Additional Interest Rate is 8.0%. Peak Resorts does not have the right to prepay the EPR 
Secured Notes. The EPR Secured Notes were recorded at their estimated fair value in conjunction with the acquisition of 
Peak  Resorts  on  September  24,  2019.  The  EPR  Agreements  grant  EPR  certain  other  rights  including  (i)  the  option  to 
purchase the Boston Mills, Brandywine, Jack Frost, Big Boulder or Alpine Valley resorts, which is exercisable no sooner 
than  two  years  and  no  later  than  one  year  prior  to  the  maturity  dates  of  the  applicable  EPR  Secured  Note  for  such 
properties, with any closings to be held on the applicable maturity dates; and, if EPR exercises the purchase option, EPR 
will enter into an agreement with the Company for the lease of each acquired property for an initial term of 20 years, plus 
options to extend the lease for two additional periods of ten years each; (ii) a right of first refusal through 2021, subject to 
certain conditions, to provide all or a portion of the financing associated with any purchase, ground lease, sale/leaseback, 
management  or  financing  transaction  contemplated  by  Peak  Resorts  with  respect  to  any  new  or  existing  ski  resort 
properties;  and  (iii)  a  right  of  first  refusal  through  2021  to  purchase  the  Company’s  Attitash  ski  resort  in  the  event  the 
Company were to desire to sell the Attitash ski resort. To date, EPR has not exercised any such purchase options. 

In addition, Peak Resorts is required to maintain a debt service reserve account which amounts are applied to fund interest 
payments and other amounts due and payable to EPR. As of July 31, 2021, the Company had funded the EPR debt service 
reserve  account  in  an  amount  equal  to  approximately  $5.2  million,  which  was  included  in  other  current  assets  in  the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(f) Peak Resorts serves as the general partner for two limited partnerships, Carinthia Group 1, LP and Carinthia Group 2, 
LP  (together,  the  “Carinthia  Partnerships”),  which  were  formed  to  raise  $52.0  million  through  the  Immigrant  Investor 
Program  administered  by  the  U.S.  Citizenship  and  Immigration  Services  (“USCIS”),  pursuant  to  the  Immigration  and 
Nationality Act (the “EB-5 Program”). The EB-5 Program was created to stimulate the U.S. economy through the creation 
of jobs and capital investments in U.S. companies by foreign investors. The program allocates immigrant visas to qualified 
individuals  (“EB-5  Investors”)  seeking  lawful  permanent  resident  status  based  on  their  investment  in  a  U.S  commercial 
enterprise.  On  December  27,  2016,  Peak  Resorts  borrowed  $52.0  million  from  the  Carinthia  Partnerships  to  fund  two 
capital projects at Mount Snow. The amounts were borrowed through two loan agreements, which provided $30.0 million 
and $22.0 million (together, the “EB-5 Development Notes”). Amounts outstanding under the EB-5 Development Notes 
accrue simple interest at a fixed rate of 1.0% per annum until the maturity date, which is December 27, 2021, subject to an 
extension of up to two additional years at the option of the borrowers, with lender consent. If the maturity date is extended, 

91

amounts  outstanding  under  the  EB-5  Development  Notes  will  accrue  simple  interest  at  a  fixed  rate  of  7.0%  per  annum 
during the first year of extension and a fixed rate of 10.0% per annum during the second year of extension. Upon an event 
of default (as defined), amounts outstanding under the EB-5 Development Notes shall bear interest at the rate of 5.0% per 
annum, subject to the extension increases. While the EB-5 Development Notes are outstanding, Peak Resorts is restricted 
from taking certain actions without the consent of the lenders, including, but not limited to, transferring or disposing of the 
properties  or  assets  financed  with  loan  proceeds.  In  addition,  Peak  Resorts  is  prohibited  from  prepaying  outstanding 
amounts  owed  if  such  prepayment  would  jeopardize  any  of  the  EB-5  Investors  from  being  admitted  to  the  U.S.  via  the 
EB-5 Program.

(g) The  Company  has  recorded  the  outstanding  debt  of  four  Employee  Housing  Entities  (each  an  “Employee  Housing 
Entity”  and  collectively  the  “Employee  Housing  Entities”):  Breckenridge  Terrace,  Tarnes,  BC  Housing  and  Tenderfoot. 
The proceeds of the Employee Housing Bonds were used to develop apartment complexes designated primarily for use by 
the  Company’s  seasonal  employees  at  its  Colorado  mountain  resorts.  The  Employee  Housing  Bonds  are  variable  rate, 
interest-only instruments with interest rates tied to LIBOR plus 0% to 0.09% (0.09% to 0.18% as of July 31, 2021).

Interest on the Employee Housing Bonds is paid monthly in arrears and the interest rate is adjusted weekly. No principal 
payments are due on the Employee Housing Bonds until maturity. Each Employee Housing Entity’s bonds were issued in 
two  series.  The  bonds  for  each  Employee  Housing  Entity  are  backed  by  letters  of  credit  issued  under  the  Vail  Holdings 
Credit  Agreement.  The  table  below  presents  the  principal  amounts  outstanding  for  the  Employee  Housing  Bonds  as  of 
July 31, 2021 (in thousands): 

Breckenridge Terrace
Tarnes
BC Housing
Tenderfoot
Total

Maturity (a)
2039
2039
2027
2035

$ 

$ 

Tranche A

Tranche B

Total

14,980  $ 
8,000   
9,100   
5,700   
37,780  $ 

5,000  $ 
2,410   
1,500   
5,885   
14,795  $ 

19,980 
10,410 
10,600 
11,585 
52,575 

(h) On May 24, 2013, VR CPC Holdings, Inc. (“VR CPC”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a 
transaction agreement with affiliate companies of Talisker Corporation (“Talisker”) pursuant to which the parties entered 
into  a  master  lease  agreement  (the  “Lease”)  and  certain  ancillary  transaction  documents  on  May  29,  2013  related  to  the 
former  stand-alone  Canyons  Resort  (“Canyons”),  pursuant  to  which  the  Company  assumed  the  resort  operations  of  the 
Canyons. The Lease between VR CPC and Talisker has an initial term of 50 years with six 50-year renewal options. The 
Lease provides for $25 million in annual payments, which increase each year by an inflation-linked index of CPI less 1% 
per annum, with a floor of 2%. Vail Resorts has guaranteed the payments under the Lease. The obligation at July 31, 2021 
represents future lease payments for the remaining initial lease term of 50 years (including annual increases at the floor of 
2%) discounted using an interest rate of 10%, and includes accumulated accreted interest expense of approximately $46.5 
million.

(i) During the year ended July 31, 2019, the Company completed two real estate sales transactions that were accounted 
for as financing arrangements as a result of the Company’s continuing involvement with the underlying assets that were 
sold, including but not limited to, the obligation to repurchase finished commercial space from the development projects 
upon completion. The Company received approximately $11.7 million of proceeds for these sales transactions through the 
year ended July 31, 2021, which are reflected within long-term debt, net. Other obligations also consist of a $3.3 million 
note outstanding to the Colorado Water Conservation Board, which matures on September 16, 2028, and other financing 
arrangements. Other obligations, including the Colorado Water Conservation Board note, bear interest at rates ranging from 
5.1% to 5.5%. 

In  connection  with  the  issuance  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes,  the  Company  recorded  a  debt  discount,  which 
(j)
represents the excess of the principal amount of the 0.0% Convertible Notes over the fair value of the liability component, 
as  discussed  above.  In  connection  with  the  acquisition  of  Peak  Resorts,  the  Company  estimated  the  acquisition  date  fair 
values of the debt instruments assumed, including the EPR Secured Notes and the EB-5 Development Notes, and recorded 
any  difference  between  such  estimated  fair  values  and  the  par  value  of  debt  instruments  as  unamortized  premiums  and 
discounts,  which  is  amortized  and  recorded  to  interest  expense,  net  on  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations over the respective term of the applicable debt instruments. Additionally, certain costs incurred with regard to 
the issuance of debt instruments are capitalized and included as a reduction in the net carrying value of long-term debt, net 
of accumulated amortization, with the exception of costs incurred related to line-of-credit arrangements, which are included 
in deferred charges and other assets, net of accumulated amortization. Amortization of such deferred financing costs are 

92

 
 
 
 
recorded to interest expense, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations over the respective term of the 
applicable debt instruments.

(k) Current maturities represent principal payments due in the next 12 months, and exclude approximately $6.2 million of 
proceeds resulting from a real estate transaction accounted for as a financing arrangement, as discussed above, which are 
expected to be recognized on the Company’s Statement of Operations during the year ending July 31, 2022 as a result of 
the anticipated resolution of continuing involvement, with no associated cash outflow.

Aggregate maturities for debt outstanding, including finance lease obligations, as of July 31, 2021 reflected by fiscal year are as 
follows (in thousands):

2022 (1)
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total debt

Total

121,345 
63,740 
63,798 
1,598,774 
575,415 
525,442 
2,948,514 

$ 

$ 

(1) Includes approximately $6.2 million of proceeds resulting from a real estate transaction accounted for as a financing 
arrangement, as discussed above, which are expected to be recognized on the Company’s Statement of Operations during 
the year ending July 31, 2022 as a result of the anticipated resolution of continuing involvement, with no associated cash 
outflow.

The Company recorded interest expense of $151.4 million, $106.7 million and $79.5 million for the years ended July 31, 2021, 
2020 and 2019, respectively, of which $4.9 million, $1.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, was amortization of deferred 
financing costs. The Company was in compliance with all of its financial and operating covenants required to be maintained 
under its debt instruments for all periods presented.

In connection with the acquisition of Whistler Blackcomb in October 2016, VHI funded a portion of the purchase price through 
an  intercompany  loan  to  Whistler  Blackcomb  of  $210.0  million,  which  was  effective  as  of  November  1,  2016  and  requires 
foreign  currency  remeasurement  to  Canadian  dollars,  the  functional  currency  for  Whistler  Blackcomb.  As  a  result,  foreign 
currency  fluctuations  associated  with  the  loan  are  recorded  within  the  Company’s  results  of  operations.  The  Company 
recognized  approximately  $8.3  million,  $(3.2)  million  and  $(2.9)  million  of  non-cash  foreign  currency  gain  (loss)  on  the 
intercompany  loan  to  Whistler  Blackcomb  during  the  years  ended  July  31,  2021,  2020  and  2019,  respectively,  on  the 
Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

7.  

Acquisitions

Peak Resorts

On September 24, 2019, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of Peak 
Resorts,  Inc.  (“Peak  Resorts”)  at  a  purchase  price  of  $11.00  per  share  or  approximately  $264.5  million.  In  addition, 
contemporaneous with the closing of the transaction, Peak Resorts was required to pay approximately $70.2 million of certain 
outstanding debt instruments and lease obligations in order to complete the transaction. Accordingly, the total purchase price, 
including the repayment of certain outstanding debt instruments and lease obligations, was approximately $334.7 million, for 
which  the  Company  borrowed  approximately  $335.6  million  under  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  (see  Note  6,  Long-
Term  Debt)  to  fund  the  acquisition,  repayment  of  debt  instruments  and  lease  obligations,  and  associated  acquisition  related 
expenses. The acquired resorts include: Mount Snow in Vermont; Hunter Mountain in New York; Attitash Mountain Resort, 
Wildcat Mountain and Crotched Mountain in New Hampshire; Liberty Mountain Resort, Roundtop Mountain Resort, Whitetail 
Resort,  Jack  Frost  and  Big  Boulder  in  Pennsylvania;  Alpine  Valley,  Boston  Mills,  Brandywine  and  Mad  River  Mountain  in 
Ohio; Hidden Valley and Snow Creek in Missouri; and Paoli Peaks in Indiana. The Company assumed the Special Use Permits 
from the U.S. Forest Service for Attitash, Mount Snow and Wildcat Mountain, and assumed the land leases for Mad River and 
Paoli  Peaks.  The  acquisition  included  the  mountain  operations  of  the  resorts,  including  base  area  skier  services  (food  and 
beverage, retail and rental, lift ticket offices and ski school facilities), as well as lodging operations at certain resorts.

93

  
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  summarizes  the  purchase  consideration  and  the  purchase  price  allocation  to  estimated  fair  values  of  the 
identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date the transaction was effective (in thousands):

Current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Identifiable intangible assets

Other assets

Assumed long-term debt

Other liabilities

Net assets acquired

Acquisition Date 
Estimated Fair 
Value

$ 

$ 

19,578 

427,793 

135,879 

19,221 

16,203 

(184,668) 

(99,275) 

334,731 

Identifiable  intangible  assets  acquired  in  the  transaction  were  primarily  related  to  trade  names  and  property  management 
contracts, which had acquisition date estimated fair values of approximately $15.8 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The 
process of estimating the fair value of the depreciable property, plant, and equipment includes the use of certain estimates and 
assumptions related to replacement cost. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate estimated fair values of the assets 
acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was  recorded  as  goodwill.  The  goodwill  recognized  is  attributable  primarily  to  expected 
synergies,  the  assembled  workforce  of  the  resorts  and  other  factors,  and  is  not  expected  to  be  deductible  for  income  tax 
purposes. The Company assumed various debt obligations of Peak Resorts, which were recorded at their respective estimated 
fair values as of the acquisition date (see Note 6, Long-Term Debt). The Company incurred $3.1 million of acquisition related 
expenses  associated  with  the  transaction  which  were  recorded  within  Mountain  and  Lodging  operating  expense  in  its 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Operations  for  the  year  ended  July  31,  2020.  The  operating  results  of  Peak  Resorts  are  reported 
within the Mountain and Lodging segments prospectively from the date of acquisition.

Falls Creek and Hotham Resorts

On April 4, 2019, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired ski field leases and related infrastructure used to 
operate  two  resorts  in  Victoria,  Australia.  The  Company  acquired  Australian  Alpine  Enterprises  Holdings  Pty.  Ltd  and  all 
related corporate entities that operate the Falls Creek and Hotham resorts from Living and Leisure Australia Group, a subsidiary 
of Merlin Entertainments, for a cash purchase price of approximately AU$178.9 million ($127.4 million), after adjustments for 
certain  agreed-upon  terms,  including  an  increase  in  the  purchase  price  for  operating  losses  incurred  for  the  period  from 
December 29, 2018 through closing. The acquisition included the mountain operations of both resorts, including base area skier 
services (ski school facilities, retail and rental, reservation and property management operations).

The  following  summarizes  the  purchase  consideration  and  the  purchase  price  allocation  to  estimated  fair  values  of  the 
identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date the transaction was effective (in thousands):

Current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Identifiable intangible assets and other assets

Liabilities

Net assets acquired

Acquisition Date 
Estimated Fair 
Value

$ 

$ 

6,986 

54,889 

71,538 

5,833 

(11,894) 

127,352 

Identifiable intangible assets acquired in the transaction were primarily related to trade names. The process of estimating the 
fair value of the property, plant, and equipment includes the use of certain estimates and assumptions related to replacement 
cost and physical condition at the time of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate estimated fair values 
of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was  recorded  as  goodwill.  The  goodwill  recognized  is  attributable  primarily  to 
expected synergies, the assembled workforce of Falls Creek and Hotham and other factors. None of the goodwill is expected to 

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
be deductible for income tax purposes under Australian tax law. The Company recognized $4.6 million of acquisition related 
expenses associated with the transaction, including stamp duty expense of $2.9 million, within Mountain and Lodging operating 
expense in its Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended July 31, 2019. The operating results of Falls Creek and 
Hotham are reported within the Mountain segment prospectively from the date of acquisition.

Triple Peaks

On September 27, 2018, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired Triple Peaks, LLC (“Triple Peaks”), the 
parent  company  of  Okemo  Mountain  Resort  in  Vermont,  Crested  Butte  Mountain  Resort  in  Colorado,  and  Mount  Sunapee 
Resort in New Hampshire, for a cash purchase price of approximately $74.1 million, after adjustments for certain agreed-upon 
terms. In addition, contemporaneous with the closing of the transaction, Triple Peaks paid $155.0 million to pay the remaining 
obligations of the leases that all three resorts had with Ski Resort Holdings, with funds provided by the Company. Accordingly, 
the total purchase price, including the repayment of lease obligations, was $229.1 million, for which the Company utilized cash 
on hand and borrowed $195.6 million under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement term loan (see Note 6, Long-Term Debt) to 
fund  the  transaction  and  associated  acquisition  related  expenses.  The  Company  obtained  a  new  Special  Use  Permit  from  the 
U.S.  Forest  Service  for  Crested  Butte,  and  assumed  the  state  land  leases  for  Okemo  and  Mount  Sunapee.  The  acquisition 
included  the  mountain  operations  of  the  resorts,  including  base  area  skier  services  (food  and  beverage,  retail  and  rental,  lift 
ticket offices and ski school facilities). 

The  following  summarizes  the  purchase  consideration  and  the  purchase  price  allocation  to  estimated  fair  values  of  the 
identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date the transaction was effective (in thousands):

Current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Identifiable intangible assets

Deferred income taxes, net

Liabilities

Net assets acquired

Acquisition Date 
Estimated Fair 
Value

$ 

$ 

5,197 

159,799 

51,742 

27,360 

3,093 

(18,098) 

229,093 

Identifiable  intangible  assets  acquired  in  the  transaction  were  primarily  related  to  property  management  contracts  and  trade 
names. The process of estimating the fair value of the property, plant, and equipment includes the use of certain estimates and 
assumptions related to replacement cost and physical condition at the time of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over 
the  aggregate  estimated  fair  values  of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was  recorded  as  goodwill.  The  goodwill 
recognized  is  attributable  primarily  to  expected  synergies,  the  assembled  workforce  of  the  resorts  and  other  factors,  and  is 
expected  to  be  deductible  for  income  tax  purposes.  The  Company  recognized  $2.8  million  of  acquisition  related  expenses 
associated with the transaction within Mountain and Lodging operating expense in its Consolidated Statement of Operations for 
the year ended July 31, 2019. The operating results of Triple Peaks are reported within the Mountain and Lodging segments 
prospectively from the date of acquisition.

Stevens Pass Resort

On  August  15,  2018,  the  Company,  through  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  acquired  Stevens  Pass  Resort  in  the  State  of 
Washington from Ski Resort Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of Oz Real Estate (“Ski Resort Holdings”), for total cash consideration 
of $64.0 million, after adjustments for certain agreed-upon terms. The Company borrowed $70.0 million on August 15, 2018 
under  its  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  term  loan  (see  Note  6,  Long-Term  Debt)  to  fund  the  transaction  and  associated 
acquisition related expenses. The acquisition included the mountain operations of the resort, including base area skier services 
(food and beverage, retail and rental, lift ticket offices and ski school facilities). 

95

 
 
 
 
 
The  following  summarizes  the  purchase  consideration  and  the  purchase  price  allocation  to  estimated  fair  values  of  the 
identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date the transaction was effective (in thousands):

Current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Identifiable intangible assets

Deferred income taxes, net

Liabilities

Net assets acquired

Acquisition Date 
Estimated Fair 
Value

$ 

$ 

752 

34,865 

28,878 

2,680 

886 

(4,029) 

64,032 

The  process  of  estimating  the  fair  value  of  the  property,  plant,  and  equipment  includes  the  use  of  certain  estimates  and 
assumptions related to replacement cost and physical condition at the time of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over 
the  aggregate  estimated  fair  values  of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was  recorded  as  goodwill.  The  goodwill 
recognized is attributable primarily to expected synergies, the assembled workforce of Stevens Pass and other factors, and is 
expected  to  be  deductible  for  income  tax  purposes.  The  Company  recognized  $1.2  million  of  acquisition  related  expenses 
associated with the transaction within Mountain and Lodging operating expense in its Consolidated Statement of Operations for 
the year ended July 31, 2019. The operating results of Stevens Pass are reported within the Mountain segment prospectively 
from the date of acquisition.

Pro Forma Financial Information

The  following  presents  the  unaudited  pro  forma  consolidated  financial  information  of  the  Company  as  if  the  acquisitions  of 
Peak  Resorts,  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham,  Triple  Peaks  and  Stevens  Pass  were  completed  at  the  beginning  of  the  fiscal  year 
preceding  the  respective  fiscal  year  in  which  each  acquisition  occurred.  The  following  unaudited  pro  forma  financial 
information includes adjustments for (i) depreciation on acquired property, plant and equipment; (ii) amortization of intangible 
assets recorded at the date of the transactions; (iii) lease expenses incurred by the prior owners which the Company will not be 
subject  to;  (iv)  transaction  and  business  integration  related  costs;  and  (v)  interest  expense  associated  with  financing  the 
transactions. This unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and does not purport 
to be indicative of the results of future operations or the results that would have occurred had the transaction taken place at the 
beginning  of  the  fiscal  year  preceding  the  fiscal  year  in  which  each  acquisition  occurred  (in  thousands,  except  per  share 
amounts).

Pro forma net revenue

Pro forma net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Pro forma basic net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Pro forma diluted net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Year Ended July 31, 2020

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

1,970,363 

100,205 
2.49 

2.45 

96

 
 
 
 
 
8. 

Supplementary Balance Sheet Information

The composition of property, plant and equipment, including finance lease assets, follows (in thousands):

Land and land improvements

Buildings and building improvements

Machinery and equipment

Furniture and fixtures

Software

Vehicles

Construction in progress

Gross property, plant and equipment

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

July 31,

2021

2020

$ 

756,517  $ 

1,496,402   

1,417,705   

308,432   

122,778   

80,328   

67,710   

750,714 

1,475,661 

1,361,178 

308,267 

104,223 

80,510 

81,967 

4,249,872   

4,162,520 

(2,181,996)  

(1,969,841) 

$ 

2,067,876  $ 

2,192,679 

Depreciation expense, which included depreciation of assets recorded under finance leases, for the years ended July 31, 2021, 
2020 and 2019 totaled $247.2 million, $243.1 million, and $210.7 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the composition of property, plant and equipment recorded under finance leases as of July 31, 
2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Land

Land improvements

Buildings and building improvements

Machinery and equipment

Gross property, plant and equipment

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

July 31,

2021

2020

$ 

31,818  $ 

49,228   

42,160   

60,384   

183,590   

(75,545)  

$ 

108,045  $ 

31,818 

49,228 

42,160 

60,384 

183,590 

(65,792) 

117,798 

97

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The composition of goodwill and intangible assets follows (in thousands):

Goodwill
Goodwill

Accumulated impairments

Accumulated amortization

Goodwill, net

Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Trademarks

Other

Total gross indefinite-lived intangible assets

Accumulated amortization

Indefinite-lived intangible assets, net

Amortizable intangible assets
Trademarks

Other

Total gross amortizable intangible assets

Accumulated amortization

Amortizable intangible assets, net

Total gross intangible assets

Total accumulated amortization

Total intangible assets, net

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

July 31,

2021

2020

1,824,089  $ 

1,752,062 

(25,688)  

(17,354)  
1,781,047  $ 

(25,688) 

(17,354) 
1,709,020 

239,786  $ 

41,561   

281,347   

(24,713)  
256,634  $ 

38,008  $ 

69,397   

107,405   

(44,929)  
62,476   

388,752   

(69,642)  

230,000 

41,667 

271,667 

(24,713) 
246,954 

38,208 

70,772 

108,980 

(41,158) 
67,822 

380,647 

(65,871) 

314,776 

$ 

319,110  $ 

Amortization  expense  for  intangible  assets  subject  to  amortization  for  the  years  ended  July  31,  2021,  2020  and  2019  totaled 
$5.4  million,  $6.5  million  and  $7.4  million,  respectively,  and  is  estimated  to  be  approximately  $4.1  million  annually,  on 
average, for the next five fiscal years.

The changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill allocated between the Company’s segments for the years ended July 31, 
2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands): 

Balance at July 31, 2019

Acquisitions (including measurement period adjustments)
Asset impairments

Effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

Balance at July 31, 2020

Effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

Balance at July 31, 2021

Asset Impairments

Mountain 

Lodging 

Goodwill, net 

$ 

$ 

1,540,307  $ 
135,987   

—   

(9,485)  
1,666,809   

72,027   
1,738,836  $ 

67,899  $ 
—   

(25,688)  

—   
42,211   

—   
42,211  $ 

1,608,206 
135,987 

(25,688) 

(9,485) 
1,709,020 

72,027 
1,781,047 

The Company recorded asset impairments during the year ended July 31, 2020 of $28.4 million, with corresponding reductions 
to goodwill, net of $25.7 million and intangible assets, net and property, plant and equipment, net of $2.7 million. These asset 
impairments encompassed various estimates and assumptions about fair value, which were based predominately on significant 
unobservable inputs. 

As a result of COVID-19 and the impact it had on the Company’s operations during the year ended July 31, 2020, the Company 
determined that the estimated fair value of its Colorado resort ground transportation company reporting unit within its Lodging 

98

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
segment  no  longer  exceeded  its  carrying  value.  Additionally,  the  Company  determined  that  certain  long-lived  assets  of  its 
Colorado  resort  ground  transportation  company  were  not  recoverable.  As  a  result,  the  Company  recognized  impairments  of 
goodwill  of  approximately  $25.7  million  and  intangible  assets  and  long-lived  assets  of  $2.7  million,  which  were  recorded 
within asset impairments on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations during the year ended July 31, 2020. 

The Company estimated the fair value of its Colorado resort ground transportation company reporting unit based on an analysis 
of  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows  (an  income  approach).  The  significant  estimates  used  in  the  discounted  cash  flow 
model included the Company’s weighted average cost of capital for the reporting unit, projected cash flows and the long-term 
rate of growth, all of which are significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs. The Company’s assumptions were based on the actual 
historical  performance  of  the  reporting  unit,  taking  into  account  the  weakening  of  operating  results  and  the  expected 
continuation  of  operating  results  for  transportation  services.  As  a  result  of  this  impairment,  the  Company’s  Colorado  ground 
transportation company had no remaining goodwill recorded as of July 31, 2020.

The composition of accounts payable and accrued liabilities follows (in thousands):

Trade payables
Deferred revenue
Accrued salaries, wages and deferred compensation
Accrued benefits
Deposits
Operating lease liabilities
Other accruals

Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities

9. 

Investments in Affiliates

July 31,

2021

2020

98,261  $ 
456,457   
54,286   
47,368   
35,263   
34,668   
89,169   
815,472  $ 

59,692 
256,402 
25,588 
43,704 
20,070 
36,604 
57,048 
499,108 

$ 

$ 

The Company held the following investments in equity method affiliates as of July 31, 2021:

Equity Method Affiliates
Slifer, Smith, and Frampton/Vail Associates Real Estate, LLC (“SSF/VARE”)
KRED
Clinton Ditch and Reservoir Company

Ownership
Interest
50%
50%
43%

The Company had total net investments in equity method affiliates of $10.6 million and $10.2 million as of July 31, 2021 and 
2020, respectively, included within deferred charges and other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The 
amount  of  retained  earnings  that  represent  undistributed  earnings  of  50%  or  less  owned  entities  accounted  for  by  the  equity 
method was $6.8 million and $6.5 million as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the years ended July 31, 2021, 
2020 and 2019, distributions in the amounts of $6.4 million, $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively, were received from 
equity method affiliates.

10. 

Fair Value Measurements

The  Company  utilizes  FASB  issued  fair  value  guidance  that  establishes  how  reporting  entities  should  measure  fair  value  for 
measurement and disclosure purposes. The guidance establishes a common definition of fair value applicable to all assets and 
liabilities measured at fair value and prioritizes the inputs into valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Accordingly, the 
Company uses valuation techniques which maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs 
when determining fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or 
liabilities;

Level 2: Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active and inactive markets or that are observable for 
the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and

99

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Level 3: Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The  table  below  summarizes  the  Company’s  cash  equivalents,  other  current  assets,  Interest  Rate  Swaps  and  Contingent 
Consideration measured at their estimated fair values (all other assets and liabilities measured at fair value are immaterial) (in 
thousands):

Description

Assets:

Money Market

Commercial Paper

Certificates of Deposit

Liabilities:

Interest Rate Swaps
Contingent Consideration

Description
Assets:

Money Market
Commercial Paper
Certificates of Deposit

Liabilities:

Interest Rate Swaps

Contingent Consideration 

Estimated Fair Value Measurement as of July 31, 2021

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

253,782  $ 

2,401  $ 

259,945  $ 

12,942  $ 

29,600  $ 

253,782  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

2,401  $ 

259,945  $ 

12,942  $ 

—  $ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

29,600 

Estimated Fair Value Measurement as of July 31, 2020

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

203,158  $ 
2,401  $ 
8,208  $ 

22,510  $ 

17,800  $ 

203,158  $ 
—  $ 
—  $ 

—  $ 
2,401  $ 
8,208  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

22,510  $ 

—  $ 

— 
— 
— 

— 

17,800 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

The Company’s cash equivalents, other current assets and Interest Rate Swaps are measured utilizing quoted market prices or 
pricing models whereby all significant inputs are either observable or corroborated by observable market data. The Company 
entered into the Interest Rate Swaps to hedge the LIBOR-based variable interest rate component of $400.0 million in principal 
amount of its Vail Holdings Credit Agreement. Changes in the estimated fair value are recognized in change in estimated fair 
value  of  hedging  instruments  on  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income.  Such  amounts  are 
reclassified  into  interest  expense,  net  from  other  comprehensive  income  during  the  period  in  which  the  hedged  item  affects 
earnings. During the year ended July 31, 2021 $5.4 million was reclassified into interest expense, net from other comprehensive 
income. The estimated fair value of the Interest Rate Swaps are included within other long-term liabilities on the Company’s 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of July 31, 2021 and July 31, 2020.

The changes in Contingent Consideration during the years ended July 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of July 31, 2019

Payment

Change in estimated fair value

Balance as of July 31,2020

Payment

Change in estimated fair value

Balance as of July 31, 2021

Contingent 
Consideration

27,200 

(6,436) 

(2,964) 

17,800 

(2,602) 

14,402 

29,600 

$ 

$ 

The  Lease  for  Park  City  provides  for  participating  contingent  payments  (the  “Contingent  Consideration”)  to  the  landlord  of 
42% of the amount by which EBITDA for the Park City resort operations, as calculated under the Lease, exceeds approximately 
$35 million, as established at the transaction date, with such threshold amount subsequently increased annually by an inflation 
linked index and a 10% adjustment for any capital improvements or investments made under the Lease by the Company. The 

100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
estimated fair value of Contingent Consideration includes the future period resort operations of Park City in the calculation of 
EBITDA  on  which  participating  contingent  payments  are  made,  which  is  determined  on  the  basis  of  estimated  subsequent 
performance, escalated by an assumed long-term growth factor and discounted to net present value. The Company estimated the 
fair  value  of  the  Contingent  Consideration  payments  using  an  option  pricing  valuation  model.  Key  assumptions  included  a 
discount rate of 11.0%, volatility of 17.0% and future period Park City EBITDA, which are unobservable inputs and thus are 
considered  Level  3  inputs.  The  Company  prepared  a  sensitivity  analysis  to  evaluate  the  effect  that  changes  on  certain  key 
assumptions would have on the estimated fair value of the Contingent Consideration. A change in the discount rate of 100 basis 
points or a 5% change in estimated subsequent year performance would result in a change in the estimated fair value within the 
range of approximately $3.8 million to $5.3 million. 

Contingent Consideration is classified as a liability in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and is remeasured to an estimated fair 
value  at  each  reporting  date  until  the  contingency  is  resolved.  During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  made  a 
payment to the landlord for Contingent Consideration of approximately $2.6 million and recorded an increase in the estimated 
fair  value  of  approximately  $14.4  million  primarily  related  to  improved  performance  compared  to  estimated  results  for  Park 
City in the year ended July 31, 2021, resulting in an increase in the expected payment for the year, as well as accretion resulting 
from the passage of time, resulting in an estimated fair value of the Contingent Consideration of $29.6 million as of July 31, 
2021, which is reflected in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities in the Consolidated Balance 
Sheet.

11.

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to taxation in U.S. federal, state, and local jurisdictions and various non-U.S. jurisdictions, including 
Australia and Canada. The Company’s effective tax rate is impacted by the tax laws, regulations, practices and interpretations in 
the jurisdictions in which it operates and may fluctuate significantly from period to period depending on, among other things, 
the  geographic  mix  of  the  Company’s  profits  and  losses,  changes  in  tax  laws  and  regulations  or  their  application  and 
interpretation,  the  outcome  of  tax  audits  and  changes  in  valuation  allowances  associated  with  the  Company’s  deferred  tax 
assets.

On March 27, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. government enacted legislation commonly referred to as 
the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The CARES Act includes various amendments to 
the U.S. tax code that impacted the Company’s accounting and reporting for income taxes during the years ended July 31, 2021 
and 2020, and the Company expects these amendments will continue to impact its accounting and reporting for income taxes in 
the future. The primary provisions of the CARES Act that the Company has been impacted by include:

•

•

•

allowing  a  carryback  of  the  entire  amount  of  eligible  Federal  net  operating  losses  (“NOLs”)  generated  in  calendar 
years 2018, 2019 and 2020 for up to five years prior to when such losses were incurred, representing a change from 
previous rules under the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act of 2017 (the “TCJA”), in which NOLs could not be carried back to prior 
years and utilization was limited to 80% of taxable income in future years. Under the CARES Act, the Company was 
permitted  to  carry  back  its  pre-existing  NOLs  to  tax  years  prior  to  the  enactment  of  the  TCJA  and  obtain  an 
incremental  benefit  of  $3.8  million  in  the  year  ended  July  31,  2020  related  to  the  differential  in  federal  tax  rates 
between years that NOLs were generated and years that the NOLs were carried back to;

treatment  of  certain  qualified  improvement  property  (“QIP”)  as  15-year  property  and  allowing  such  QIP  placed  in 
service after December 31, 2017 to be eligible for bonus depreciation; and

increases in the allowable business interest deduction from 30% of adjusted taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable 
income for calendar years 2020.

The  CARES  Act  also  provides  refundable  employee  retention  credits  and  defers  the  requirement  to  remit  the  employer-paid 
portion of social security payroll taxes. As a result, during the year ended July 31, 2020, the Company recorded a benefit of 
approximately  $9.6  million,  which  primarily  offset  Mountain  and  Lodging  operating  expense  as  a  result  of  wages  paid  to 
employees  who  were  not  providing  services.  Additionally,  the  Company  deferred  payment  of  the  employer-paid  portion  of 
social security payroll taxes through the end of calendar year 2020 and will remit such amounts in equal installments during 
calendar years 2021 and 2022.

The Company also recognized benefits of approximately $30.8 million and $8.5 million during the years ended July 31, 2021 
and 2020, respectively, as a result of the recent Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy and Australian JobKeeper legislation for its 
Canadian and Australian employees, which primarily offset Mountain and Lodging operating expense.

101

U.S. and foreign components of income (loss) before provision for income taxes is as follows (in thousands):

U.S.

Foreign

Income before income taxes

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

148,898  $ 

(23,715)  

125,183  $ 

89,838  $ 

26,595   

116,433  $ 

306,323 

92,642 

398,965 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities 
for financial reporting purposes and income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and 
assets are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Fixed assets
Intangible assets
Operating lease right of use assets
Convertible debt
Other

Total

Deferred income tax assets:
Canyons obligation
Stock-based compensation
Investment in Partnerships
Deferred compensation and other accrued benefits
Contingent Consideration
Net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits
Operating lease liabilities
Other, net
Total

Valuation allowance for deferred income taxes

Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance

Net deferred income tax liability

July 31,

2021

2020

204,714  $ 
100,751   
47,915   
23,783   
15,116   
392,279   

16,080   
10,335   
7,585   
13,887   
7,430   
12,182   
53,755   
27,206   
148,460   
(5,939)  
142,521   
249,758  $ 

216,016 
86,509 
53,727 
— 
13,709 
369,961 

14,997 
10,313 
12,400 
9,918 
4,468 
13,205 
60,838 
21,712 
147,851 
(5,330) 
142,521 
227,440 

$ 

$ 

The components of deferred income taxes recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred income tax asset

Deferred income tax liability

Net deferred income tax liability

July 31,

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

3,059  $ 

252,817   

249,758  $ 

6,751 

234,191 

227,440 

102

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Significant components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

Current:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total current

Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred

Provision for income taxes

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

20,387  $ 
4,935   
(8,460)  
16,862   

(16,289)  
(2,423)  
2,576   
(16,136)  
726  $ 

(13,467) $ 
(731)  
4,141   
(10,057)  

12,597   
4,266   
572   
17,435   
7,378  $ 

24,309 
8,539 
20,205 
53,053 

16,983 
5,282 
154 
22,419 
75,472 

A reconciliation of the income tax provision for continuing operations and the amount computed by applying the United States 
federal statutory income tax rate to income before income taxes is as follows:

At U.S. federal income tax rate
State income tax, net of federal benefit
Change in uncertain tax positions
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation
Impacts of the Tax Act and other legislative changes
Noncontrolling interests
Foreign rate differential
Taxes related to prior year filings
Other

Effective tax rate

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

 21.0 %
 4.2 %
 (3.5) %
 (14.3) %
 — %
 0.8 %
 (5.0) %
 (2.9) %
 0.3 %
 0.6 %

 21.0 %
 3.5 %
 (3.8) %
 (7.1) %
 (3.2) %
 (2.4) %
 (2.4) %
 — %
 0.7 %
 6.3 %

 21.0 %
 2.8 %
 (1.6) %
 (3.0) %
 — %
 (1.5) %
 0.4 %
 — %
 0.8 %
 18.9 %

A  reconciliation  of  the  beginning  and  ending  amount  of  unrecognized  tax  benefits  associated  with  uncertain  tax  positions, 
excluding associated deferred tax benefits and accrued interest and penalties, if applicable, is as follows (in thousands):

Balance, beginning of year

Additions for tax positions of prior years
Lapse of statute of limitations

Balance, end of year

Year Ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

70,299  $ 
16,754   
(19,196)  
67,857  $ 

72,222  $ 
16,654   
(18,577)  
70,299  $ 

78,242 
11,520 
(17,540) 
72,222 

As of July 31, 2021, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions relate to the treatment of 
the Talisker lease payments as payments of debt obligations and that the tax basis in Canyons goodwill is deductible, and are 
included within “other long-term liabilities” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

During the year ended July 31, 2021, the Company experienced a reduction in the uncertain tax positions due to the lapse of the 
statute of limitations of $19.2 million, which was partially offset with an increase to the uncertain tax position of $16.8 million. 
Interest  and  penalties  associated  with  the  statute  of  limitations  lapse  were  approximately  $3.4  million.  The  Company  is  not 
aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change 
materially in the next twelve months. Additionally, the Company expects a reduction to its uncertain tax positions for the fiscal 
year  ending  July  31,  2022,  due  to  the  lapse  of  the  statute  of  limitations.  As  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020,  accrued  interest  and 
penalties, net of tax, was $6.9 million and $6.2 million, respectively. For the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the 

103

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
Company recognized income tax expense (benefit) of $0.7 million, $(0.1) million and $1.1 million related to interest expense 
(benefit) and penalties, net of tax, respectively.

The  Company’s  major  tax  jurisdictions  in  which  it  files  income  tax  returns  are  the  U.S.  federal  jurisdiction,  various  state 
jurisdictions, Australia, and Canada. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for tax years prior to 2016. 
With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to examination by various U.S. state jurisdictions for tax years prior to 
2015. Additionally, the Company is no longer subject to audits for the tax years prior to 2016 for Australia and Canada.

The Company has NOL carryforwards totaling $48.2 million, primarily comprised of $44.4 million of federal and state NOLs 
as a result of the acquisition of Peak Resorts in September 2019 that will expire beginning July 31, 2031 and non-U.S. NOLs of 
$3.9 million that will carry forward indefinitely. In connection with Peak Resorts’ initial public offering in November 2014, as 
well as the Company’s acquisition of Peak Resorts in September 2019, Peak Resorts had two ownership changes pursuant to the 
provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986. As a result, the Company’s usage of its eligible Federal NOL carryforwards will be 
limited each year by these ownership changes; however, management believes the full benefit of those carryforwards will be 
realized  prior  to  their  respective  expiration  dates.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  has  recorded  a  valuation  allowance  on 
$3.9 million of the historical non-U.S. NOL carryforwards, as the Company has determined that it is more likely than not that 
the  associated  NOL  carryforwards  will  not  be  realized.  Additionally,  the  Company  has  foreign  tax  credit  carryforwards  of 
$4.2  million,  which  expire  by  the  year  ending  July  31,  2028.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  has  recorded  a  valuation 
allowance of $4.2 million on foreign tax credit carryforwards, as the Company has determined that it is more likely than not 
that these foreign tax credit carryforwards will not be realized. During the year ended July 31, 2021 the Company generated 
$2.7  million  of  capital  losses;  however  the  Company  also  recorded  a  valuation  allowance  of  $2.7  million  as  the  Company 
determined it is more likely than not that the capital loss will not be realized.

The Company may be required to record additional valuation allowances if, among other things, adverse economic conditions, 
including those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, negatively impact the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets. 
Evaluating  and  estimating  the  Company’s  tax  provision,  current  and  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  and  other  tax  accruals 
requires significant management judgment. The Company intends to indefinitely reinvest undistributed earnings, if any, in its 
Canadian  foreign  subsidiaries.  It  is  not  practical  at  this  time  to  determine  the  income  tax  liability  related  to  any  remaining 
undistributed earnings.

12. 

Related Party Transactions

The Company has the right to appoint four of nine directors of the Beaver Creek Resort Company of Colorado (“BCRC”), a 
non-profit  entity  formed  for  the  benefit  of  property  owners  and  certain  others  in  Beaver  Creek.  The  Company  has  a 
management agreement with the BCRC, renewable for one-year periods, to provide management services on a fixed fee basis. 
Management fees and reimbursement of operating expenses paid to the Company under its agreement with the BCRC during 
the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were $6.5 million, $8.3 million and $9.6 million, respectively.

13. 

Commitments and Contingencies

Metropolitan Districts

The Company credit-enhances $6.3 million of bonds issued by Holland Creek Metropolitan District (“HCMD”) through a $6.4 
million  letter  of  credit  issued  under  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement.  HCMD’s  bonds  were  issued  and  used  to  build 
infrastructure associated with the Company’s Red Sky Ranch residential development. The Company has agreed to pay capital 
improvement fees to Red Sky Ranch Metropolitan District (“RSRMD”) until RSRMD’s revenue streams from property taxes 
are sufficient to meet debt service requirements under HCMD’s bonds. The Company recorded a liability of $2.0 million and 
$2.1 million, primarily within other long-term liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, as of July 31, 2021 
and 2020, respectively, with respect to the estimated present value of future RSRMD capital improvement fees. The Company 
estimates that it will make capital improvement fee payments under this arrangement through the year ending July 31, 2031.

Guarantees/Indemnifications

As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  had  various  other  letters  of  credit  outstanding  totaling  $76.7  million,  consisting  of 
$53.4 million to support the Employee Housing Bonds and $23.3 million primarily for workers’ compensation, a wind energy 
purchase  agreement  and  insurance-related  deductibles.  The  Company  also  had  surety  bonds  of  $13.2  million  as  of  July  31, 
2021, primarily to provide collateral for its U.S. workers compensation self-insurance programs.

In addition to the guarantees noted above, the Company has entered into contracts in the normal course of business that include 
certain  indemnifications  under  which  it  could  be  required  to  make  payments  to  third  parties  upon  the  occurrence  or  non-

104

occurrence of certain future events. These indemnities include indemnities related to licensees in connection with third-parties’ 
use  of  the  Company’s  trademarks  and  logos,  liabilities  associated  with  the  infringement  of  other  parties’  technology  and 
software products, liabilities associated with the use of easements, liabilities associated with employment of contract workers 
and the Company’s use of trustees, and liabilities associated with the Company’s use of public lands and environmental matters. 
The duration of these indemnities generally is indefinite and generally do not limit the future payments the Company could be 
obligated to make.

As  permitted  under  applicable  law,  the  Company  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries  have  agreed  to  indemnify  their  directors  and 
officers over their lifetimes for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving the Company or its 
subsidiaries in such a capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make 
under  these  indemnification  agreements  is  unlimited;  however,  the  Company  has  a  director  and  officer  insurance  policy  that 
should enable the Company to recover a portion of any amounts paid.

Unless otherwise noted, the Company has not recorded any significant liabilities for the letters of credit, indemnities and other 
guarantees noted above in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, either because the Company has recorded on 
its  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  the  underlying  liability  associated  with  the  guarantee,  the  guarantee  is  with  respect  to  the 
Company’s own performance and is therefore not subject to the measurement requirements as prescribed by GAAP, or because 
the Company has calculated the estimated fair value of the indemnification or guarantee to be immaterial based on the current 
facts  and  circumstances  that  would  trigger  a  payment  under  the  indemnification  clause.  In  addition,  with  respect  to  certain 
indemnifications it is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of liability under these potential obligations due 
to  the  unique  set  of  facts  and  circumstances  likely  to  be  involved  in  each  particular  claim  and  indemnification  provision. 
Historically, payments made by the Company under these obligations have not been material.

As noted above, the Company makes certain indemnifications to licensees for their use of the Company’s trademarks and logos. 
The Company does not record any liabilities with respect to these indemnifications.

Commitments

The operations of Northstar are conducted on land and with operating assets owned by affiliates of EPR Properties, a real-estate 
investment  trust,  primarily  under  operating  leases  which  were  assumed  in  the  acquisition  of  Northstar  by  the  Company.  The 
leases provide for the payment of a minimum annual base rent over the lease term which is recognized on a straight-line basis 
over the remaining lease term from the date of assumption. In addition, the leases provide for the payment of percentage rent of 
certain gross revenues generated at the property over a revenue threshold which is incrementally adjusted annually. The initial 
term of the leases expires in fiscal 2027 and allows for three 10-year extensions at the Company’s option. The operations of 
Perisher are conducted on land under a license and lease granted by the Office of Environment and Heritage, an agency of the 
New  South  Wales  government,  which  initially  commenced  in  2008,  and  which  the  Company  assumed  in  its  acquisition  of 
Perisher. The lease and license has a term that expires in fiscal 2048 and allows for an option to renew for an additional 20 
years. The lease and license provide for the payment of an initial minimum annual base rent, with annual CPI increases, and 
percentage rent of certain gross revenue generated at the property. The operations of Falls Creek and Hotham are conducted on 
land under leases granted by the Governor of the State of Victoria, Australia and its dependencies, which initially commenced 
in 1991 and 1992, respectively, which the Company assumed in its acquisition of Falls Creek and Hotham in April 2019. The 
leases have terms that expire in fiscal 2041 for Falls Creek and fiscal 2058 for Hotham, and provide for the payment of rent 
with both a fixed and variable component. The operations of Mad River Mountain is conducted on land under a lease granted 
by EPT Mad River, Inc., which initially commenced in 2005, which the Company assumed in its acquisition of Peak Resorts in 
September 2019. The lease has a term that expires in the year ending July 31, 2035, and provides for the payment of an initial 
minimum annual base rent, with annual CPI increases, and percentage rent of certain gross revenue generated at the property. 
Additionally,  the  Company  has  entered  into  strategic  long-term  season  pass  alliance  agreements  with  third-party  mountain 
resorts  in  which  the  Company  has  committed  to  pay  minimum  revenue  guarantees  over  the  remaining  terms  of  these 
agreements.

The Company has executed or assumed as lessee other operating leases for the rental of office and commercial space, employee 
residential units and land primarily through fiscal 2079. Certain of these leases have renewal terms at the Company’s option, 
escalation  clauses,  rent  holidays  and  leasehold  improvement  incentives.  Rent  holidays  and  rent  escalation  clauses  are 
recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term.  Leasehold  improvement  incentives  are  recorded  as  leasehold 
improvements  and  amortized  over  the  shorter  of  their  economic  lives  or  the  term  of  the  lease.  For  the  years  ended  July  31, 
2021,  2020  and  2019,  the  Company  recorded  lease  expense  (including  Northstar,  Perisher,  Falls  Creek  &  Hotham  and  Mad 
River  Mountain),  excluding  executory  costs,  related  to  these  agreements  of  $58.7  million,  $58.8  million  and  $57.8  million, 
respectively, which is included in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 4, Leases, for additional 
information regarding the Company’s leasing arrangements.

105

Self-Insurance

The  Company  is  self-insured  for  claims  under  its  U.S.  health  benefit  plans  and  for  the  majority  of  workers’  compensation 
claims in the U.S. Workers compensation claims in the U.S. are subject to stop loss policies. The self-insurance liability related 
to workers’ compensation is determined actuarially based on claims filed. The self-insurance liability related to claims under 
the Company’s U.S. health benefit plans is determined based on analysis of actual claims. The amounts related to these claims 
are included as a component of accrued benefits in accounts payable and accrued liabilities (see Note 8, Supplementary Balance 
Sheet Information).

Legal

Employment-Related Litigation

From October 2020, several named plaintiffs filed respective complaints against the Company on behalf of the same or similar 
purported classes of current and former employees of the Company. The complaints generally allege violations of federal and 
state laws governing employee wage and hours practices, and seek damages in the form of unpaid wages, related penalties and 
other damages. The Company has proposed a settlement agreement to resolve these complaints, which is pending finalization 
and court approval. As a result, the Company recorded a charge of $13.2 million during the year ended July 31, 2021, which is 
included in general and administrative expense on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The Company is also a party to various lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes the Company 
has adequate insurance coverage and/or has accrued for all loss contingencies for asserted and unasserted matters deemed to be 
probable  losses  and  reasonably  estimable.  As  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020,  the  accruals  for  the  above  loss  contingencies 
(excluding the employment-related litigation) were not material individually or in the aggregate.

14. 

Segment and Geographic Area Information

Segment Information

The  Company  has  three  reportable  segments:  Mountain,  Lodging  and  Real  Estate.  The  Company  refers  to  “Resort”  as  the 
combination  of  the  Mountain  and  Lodging  segments.  The  Mountain  segment  includes  the  operations  of  the  Company’s 
mountain  resorts/ski  areas  and  related  ancillary  activities.  The  Lodging  segment  includes  the  operations  of  the  Company’s 
owned hotels, RockResorts, NPS concessionaire properties, condominium management, Colorado resort ground transportation 
operations and mountain resort golf operations. The Real Estate segment owns, develops and sells real estate in and around the 
Company’s  resort  communities.  The  Company’s  reportable  segments,  although  integral  to  the  success  of  the  others,  offer 
distinctly  different  products  and  services  and  require  different  types  of  management  focus.  As  such,  these  segments  are 
managed separately.

The  Company  reports  its  segment  results  using  Reported  EBITDA  (defined  as  segment  net  revenue  less  segment  operating 
expenses, plus or minus segment equity investment income or loss, and for the Real Estate segment, plus gain or loss on sale of 
real property). The Company reports segment results in a manner consistent with management’s internal reporting of operating 
results to the chief operating decision maker (Chief Executive Officer) for purposes of evaluating segment performance.

Items  excluded  from  Reported  EBITDA  are  significant  components  in  understanding  and  assessing  financial  performance. 
Reported EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or substitute for, net income, net change in cash 
and  cash  equivalents  or  other  financial  statement  data  presented  in  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  as  indicators  of 
financial performance or liquidity.

The  Company  utilizes  Reported  EBITDA  in  evaluating  the  performance  of  the  Company  and  in  allocating  resources  to  its 
segments.  Mountain  Reported  EBITDA  consists  of  Mountain  net  revenue  less  Mountain  operating  expense  plus  or  minus 
Mountain  equity  investment  income  or  loss.  Lodging  Reported  EBITDA  consists  of  Lodging  net  revenue  less  Lodging 
operating expense. Real Estate Reported EBITDA consists of Real Estate net revenue less Real Estate operating expense plus 
gain or loss on sale of real property. All segment expenses include an allocation of corporate administrative expense. Assets are 
not used to evaluate performance, except as shown in the table below. The accounting policies specific to each segment are the 
same as those described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

106

Following  is  key  financial  information  by  reportable  segment  which  is  used  by  management  in  evaluating  performance  and 
allocating resources (in thousands):

Net revenue:

Mountain

Lodging

Total Resort net revenue

Real Estate

Total net revenue

Segment operating expense:

Mountain

Lodging

Total Resort operating expense

Real Estate

Total segment operating expense

Gain on sale of real property

Mountain equity investment income, net

Reported EBITDA:

Mountain

Lodging

Resort

Real Estate

Total Reported EBITDA

Real estate held for sale or investment
Reconciliation of net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to 
Total Reported EBITDA:
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income

Provision for income taxes

Income before provision for income taxes

Depreciation and amortization
Asset impairments

Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets and other, net

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Investment income and other, net

Foreign currency (gain) loss on intercompany loans

Interest expense, net

Total Reported EBITDA

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

1,689,878  $ 

1,710,443  $ 

1,956,201 

218,062   

248,414   

1,907,940   

1,958,857   

1,770   

4,847   

314,662 

2,270,863 

712 

1,909,710  $ 

1,963,704  $ 

2,271,575 

1,146,187  $ 

1,212,053  $ 

1,279,567 

223,795   

245,145   

1,369,982   

1,457,198   

6,676   

9,182   

286,562 

1,566,129 

5,609 

1,376,658  $ 

1,466,380  $ 

1,571,738 

324  $ 

6,698  $ 

207  $ 

1,690  $ 

580 

1,960 

550,389  $ 

500,080  $ 

(5,733)  

544,656   

(4,582)  

540,074  $ 

95,615  $ 

127,850  $ 

(3,393)  

124,457   

726   

125,183   
252,585   
—   

5,373   

14,402   

(586)  

(8,282)  

151,399   

540,074  $ 

3,269   

503,349   

(4,128)  

499,221  $ 

96,844  $ 

98,833  $ 

10,222   

109,055   

7,378   

116,433   
249,572   
28,372   

(838)  

(2,964)  

(1,305)  

3,230   

106,721   

499,221  $ 

678,594 

28,100 

706,694 

(4,317) 

702,377 

101,021 

301,163 

22,330 

323,493 

75,472 

398,965 
218,117 
— 

664 

5,367 

(3,086) 

2,854 

79,496 

702,377 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

107

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Geographic Information

Net revenue and property, plant and equipment, net by geographic region are as follows (in thousands):

Net revenue

U.S.
International (1)

Total net revenue

Property, plant and equipment, net

U.S.
International (2)

Total property, plant and equipment, net

Year ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

1,717,270  $ 

1,655,961  $ 

1,865,062 

192,440   

307,743   

406,513 

1,909,710  $ 

1,963,704  $ 

2,271,575 

July 31,

2021

2020

1,646,097  $ 

1,759,692 

421,779   

432,987 

2,067,876  $ 

2,192,679 

$ 

$ 

(1) No individual international country (i.e. except the U.S.) accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue for 
the year ended July 31, 2021. The only individual international country to account for more than 10% of the Company’s 
revenue for the years ended July 31, 2020 and 2019 was Canada. Canada accounted for $223.3 million and $308.1 million 
of revenue for the years ended July 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

(2)  The  only  individual  international  country  to  account  for  more  than  10%  of  the  Company’s  property  plant  and 
equipment, net was Canada. Canada accounted for $288.4 million and $291.7 million of property, plant and equipment, net 
as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

15.

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Total net revenue

Income (loss) from operations

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to Vail 
Resorts, Inc.
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable 
to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Diluted net income (loss) per share 
attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Total net revenue

Income (loss) from operations

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to Vail 
Resorts, Inc.

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable 
to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Diluted net income (loss) per share 
attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Year ended July 31, 2021

Full Year 

Fourth 
Quarter

Third 
Quarter

Second 
Quarter

First 
Quarter

1,909,710  $ 

204,202  $ 

889,078  $ 

684,644  $ 

131,786 

261,016  $ 

(170,444) $ 

387,705  $ 

207,716  $ 

(163,961) 

124,457  $ 

(144,942) $ 

277,290  $ 

149,130  $ 

(157,021) 

127,850  $ 

(140,811) $ 

274,629  $ 

147,798  $ 

(153,766) 

3.17  $ 

(3.49) $ 

6.82  $ 

3.67  $ 

(3.82) 

3.13  $ 

(3.49) $ 

6.72  $ 

3.62  $ 

(3.82) 

Year ended July 31, 2020

Full Year 

Fourth 
Quarter

Third 
Quarter

Second 
Quarter

First 
Quarter

1,963,704  $ 

77,209  $ 

694,087  $ 

924,638  $ 

267,770 

223,389  $ 

(170,046) $ 

218,232  $ 

310,733  $ 

(135,530) 

109,055  $ 

(157,965) $ 

159,831  $ 

217,018  $ 

(109,829) 

98,833  $ 

(153,608) $ 

152,546  $ 

206,370  $ 

(106,475) 

2.45  $ 

(3.82) $ 

3.79  $ 

5.12  $ 

(2.64) 

2.42  $ 

(3.82) $ 

3.74  $ 

5.04  $ 

(2.64) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

108

 
 
  
  
16. 

Share Repurchase Program

On  March  9,  2006,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  share  repurchase  program,  authorizing  the  Company  to 
repurchase up to 3,000,000 Vail Shares. On July 16, 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors increased the authorization by an 
additional 3,000,000 Vail Shares, and on December 4, 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors increased the authorization by 
an additional 1,500,000 Vail Shares for a total authorization to repurchase up to 7,500,000 Vail Shares. The company did not 
repurchase  any  Vail  Shares  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2021.  During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2020,  the  Company 
repurchased  256,418  Vail  Shares  (at  a  total  cost  of  $46.4  million).  During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2019,  the  Company 
repurchased 353,007 Vail Shares (at a total cost of $85.0 million). Since inception of this stock repurchase program through 
July 31, 2021, the Company has repurchased 6,161,141 shares at a cost of approximately $404.4 million. As of July 31, 2021, 
1,338,859 Vail Shares remained available to repurchase under the existing share repurchase program, which has no expiration 
date. Vail Shares purchased pursuant to the repurchase program will be held as treasury shares and may be used for issuance 
under the Company’s employee share award plan.

17. 

Stock Compensation Plan

The Company has a share award plan (the “Plan”) which has been approved by the Company’s stockholders. Under the Plan, up 
to  4.4  million  shares  of  common  stock  could  be  issued  in  the  form  of  options,  stock  appreciation  rights,  restricted  shares, 
restricted  share  units,  performance  shares,  performance  share  units,  dividend  equivalents  or  other  share-based  awards  to 
employees, directors or consultants of the Company or its subsidiaries or affiliates. The terms of awards granted under the Plan, 
including exercise price, vesting period and life, are set by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. All share-
based  awards  (except  for  restricted  shares  and  restricted  share  units)  granted  under  the  Plan  have  a  life  of  ten  years.  Most 
awards  vest  ratably  over  three  years;  however,  some  have  been  granted  with  different  vesting  schedules.  Of  the  awards 
outstanding,  none  have  been  granted  to  non-employees  (except  those  granted  to  non-employee  members  of  the  Board  of 
Directors of the Company) under the Plan. At July 31, 2021, approximately 2.8 million share based awards were available to be 
granted under the Plan.

The fair value of stock-settled stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) granted in the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were 
estimated  on  the  date  of  grant  using  a  lattice-based  option  valuation  model  that  applies  the  assumptions  noted  in  the  table 
below. A lattice-based model considers factors such as exercise behavior, and assumes employees will exercise equity awards at 
different  times  over  the  contractual  life  of  the  equity  awards.  As  a  lattice-based  model  considers  these  factors,  and  is  more 
flexible,  the  Company  considers  it  to  be  a  better  method  of  valuing  equity  awards  than  a  closed-form  Black-Scholes  model. 
Because  lattice-based  option  valuation  models  incorporate  ranges  of  assumptions  for  inputs,  those  ranges  are  disclosed. 
Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company uses historical data to estimate equity 
award  exercises  and  employee  terminations  within  the  valuation  model;  separate  groups  of  employees  that  have  similar 
historical  exercise  behavior  are  considered  separately  for  valuation  purposes.  The  expected  term  of  equity  awards  granted  is 
derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time that equity awards granted are expected 
to be outstanding; the range given below results from certain groups of employees exhibiting different behavior. The risk-free 
rate for periods within the contractual life of the equity award is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the 
time of grant.

Expected volatility
Expected dividends
Expected term (average in years)
Risk-free rate

2021
30.7%
3.0%
6.6-6.9
0.1-0.6%

Year ended July 31,

2020
29.7%
2.8%
6.5-7.1
1.8-2.0%

2019
38.6%
2.1%
6.0-6.6
2.4-2.9%

The Company records actual forfeitures related to unvested awards upon employee terminations. 

109

 
  
A summary of aggregate SARs award activity under the Plan as of July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, and changes during the years 
then ended is presented below (in thousands, except exercise price and contractual term):

Awards

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding at August 1, 2018

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at July 31, 2019

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at July 31, 2020

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at July 31, 2021
Vested and expected to vest at July 31, 2021

Exercisable at July 31, 2021

1,324  $ 
80  $ 
(219) $ 
(14) $ 
1,171  $ 
146  $ 
(247) $ 
(9) $ 
1,061  $ 
205  $ 
(370) $ 
(23) $ 
873  $ 

852  $ 
571  $ 

91.01 
293.82 
49.09 
217.58 
111.12 
245.26 
67.19 
252.75 
138.59 
233.01 
84.20 
236.31 
181.17 

179.67 
149.21 

5.8 years

5.8 years
4.3 years

$ 

$ 
$ 

108,910 

107,567 
89,531 

The weighted-average grant-date estimated fair value of SARs granted during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 
was $52.30, $58.25 and $98.19, respectively. The total intrinsic value of SARs exercised during the years ended July 31, 2021, 
2020 and 2019 was $82.0 million, $35.0 million and $41.2 million, respectively. The Company had 96,000, 91,000 and 131,000 
SARs that vested during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These awards had a total estimated fair 
value of $0.1 million, $2.6 million and $15.2 million at the date of vesting for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively.

A  summary  of  the  status  of  the  Company’s  nonvested  SARs  as  of  July  31,  2021  and  changes  during  the  year  then  ended  is 
presented below (in thousands, except fair value amounts):

Nonvested at July 31, 2020

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Nonvested at July 31, 2021

Awards
215
205
(96)
(22)
302

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

69.45 
52.30 
73.26 
62.93 
57.22 

A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested restricted share units as of July 31, 2021 and changes during the year then 
ended is presented below (in thousands, except fair value amounts):

Nonvested at July 31, 2020

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Nonvested at July 31, 2021

Awards
130
94
(66)
(15)
143

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

228.77 
222.17 
229.41 
224.60 
224.94 

The  Company  granted  94,000  restricted  share  units  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2021  with  a  weighted-average  grant-date 
estimated fair value of $222.17. The Company granted 83,000 restricted share units during the year ended July 31, 2020 with a 
weighted-average  grant-date  estimated  fair  value  of  $217.46.  The  Company  granted  68,000  restricted  share  units  during  the 
year ended July 31, 2019 with a weighted-average grant-date estimated fair value of $264.44. The Company had 66,000, 63,000 

110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and 102,000 restricted share units that vested during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These units 
had  a  total  estimated  fair  value  of  $15.0  million,  $14.8  million  and  $28.8  million  at  the  date  of  vesting  for  the  years  ended 
July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

As  of  July  31,  2021,  there  was  $28.2  million  of  total  unrecognized  compensation  expense  related  to  nonvested  share-based 
compensation  arrangements  granted  under  the  Plan,  of  which  $17.1  million,  $9.7  million  and  $1.4  million  of  expense  is 
expected to be recognized in the years ending July 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively, assuming no share-based awards are 
granted in the future or forfeited. The tax benefit realized or expected to be realized from SARs exercised and restricted stock 
units vested was $24.0 million, $12.3 million and $16.3 million for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The  Company  has  a  policy  of  using  either  authorized  and  unissued  shares  or  treasury  shares,  including  shares  acquired  by 
purchase in the open market, to satisfy equity award exercises.

18. 

Retirement and Profit Sharing Plans

The Company maintains a defined contribution retirement plan (the “Retirement Plan”), qualified under Section 401(k) of the 
Internal  Revenue  Code,  for  its  U.S.  employees.  Under  this  Retirement  Plan,  U.S.  employees  are  eligible  to  make  before-tax 
contributions on the first day of the calendar month following the later of: (i) their employment commencement date or (ii) the 
date they turn 21. Participants may contribute up to 100% of their qualifying annual compensation up to the annual maximum 
specified by the Internal Revenue Code. When the Company participates in 401(k) contribution matching, it matches an amount 
equal to 50% of each participant’s contribution up to 6% of a participant’s bi-weekly qualifying compensation starting the pay 
period containing the first day of the month after obtaining the later of: (i) 12 months of employment with at least 1,000 service 
hours from the commencement date or (ii) if 1,000 hours within the first 12 months was not completed, then after the employee 
completed a cumulative 1,500 service hours. In April 2020, the Company announced a temporary six month suspension of its 
401(k) contribution matching as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 and resulting resort closures, which subsequently resumed 
in October 2020. The Company’s matching contribution is entirely discretionary and may be reduced or eliminated at any time.

Total Retirement Plan expense recognized by the Company for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $6.5 million, 
$5.8 million and $7.9 million, respectively.

CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

ITEM 9.

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management  of  the  Company,  including  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  (“CEO”)  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  (“CFO”),  have 
evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this 
Form 10-K. The term “disclosure controls and procedures” means controls and other procedures established by the Company 
that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under 
the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods  specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and 
forms.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  that 
information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  Company  in  the  reports  that  it  files  or  submits  under  the  Exchange  Act  is 
accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely 
decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based upon their evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, the CEO and the CFO concluded that, as of 
the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this  Form  10-K,  the  disclosure  controls  are  effective  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  Company  in  the  reports  that  it  files  or  submits  under  the  Exchange  Act  is 
accumulated  and  communicated  to  management,  including  the  CEO  and  CFO,  as  appropriate,  to  allow  timely  decisions 
regarding  required  disclosure  and  are  effective  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  such  information  is  recorded,  processed, 
summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms.

111

The Company, including its CEO and CFO, does not expect that the Company’s controls and procedures will prevent or detect 
all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, 
assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The report of management required by this item is contained in Item 8. of this Form 10-K under the caption “Management’s 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.”

Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The attestation report required by this item is contained in Item 8. of this Form 10-K under the caption “Report of Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended July 31, 2021 that 
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

PART III

We  expect  to  file  with  the  SEC  in  October  2021  (and,  in  any  event,  not  later  than  120  days  after  the  close  of  our  last  fiscal 
year), a definitive Proxy Statement, pursuant to SEC Regulation 14A in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to 
be held in December 2021.

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the 2021 annual meeting of stockholders under the sections entitled “Information with Respect to Nominees,” “Management” 
and “Corporate Governance.”

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the 2021 annual meeting of stockholders under the section entitled “Executive Compensation.”

ITEM 12.

SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the 2021 annual meeting of stockholders under the sections entitled “Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers,” 
“Information  as  to  Certain  Stockholders”  and  “Executive  Compensation  -  Securities  Authorized  for  Issuance  under  Equity 
Compensation Plans.”

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the  2021  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  under  the  sections  entitled  “Determinations  Regarding  Independence”  and 
“Transactions with Related Persons.”

112

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the  2021  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  under  the  section  entitled  “Proposal  2.  Ratification  of  the  Selection  of  Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

a)

Index to Financial Statements.

(1)

(2)

(3)

See Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for the index to the Financial Statements.

Schedules have been omitted because they are not required or not applicable, or the required information is 
shown in the financial statements or notes to the financial statements.

See the Index to Exhibits below.

The following exhibits are either filed or furnished herewith (as applicable) or, if so indicated, incorporated by reference to the 
documents  indicated  in  parentheses,  which  have  previously  been  filed  or  furnished  (as  applicable)  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission.

Posted
Exhibit
Number
2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

4.1

4.2

Description

Transaction Agreement, dated as of May 24, 2013, between VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and ASC Utah LLC, Talisker 
Land Holdings, LLC, Talisker Canyons Lands LLC, Talisker Canyons Leaseco LLC, American Skiing Company 
Resort Properties LLC, Talisker Canyons Propco LLC and Talisker Canyons Finance Co LLC. (Incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on May 30, 2013) (File No. 001-09614).
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2014, between VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and Greater Park 
City Company, Powdr Corp., Greater Properties, Inc., Park Properties, Inc. and Powdr Development Company. 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 
2014) (File No. 001-09614).
Arrangement Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2016, between Vail Resorts, Inc., 1068877 B.C. Ltd. and Whistler 
Blackcomb Holdings Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on 
August 8, 2016) (File No. 001-09614).
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 20, 2019, by and among Vail Holdings, Inc., VRAD Holdings, 
Inc. and Peak Resorts, Inc., and solely with respect to Section 9.14, Vail Resorts, Inc. (Incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on July 22, 2019) (File No. 001-09614).
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Vail Resorts, Inc., dated January 5, 2005. (Incorporated by 
reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  on  Form  10-Q  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  for  the  quarter  ended  January  31,  2005)(File  No. 
001-09614).
Certificate  of  Amendment  of  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  dated 
December  7,  2011.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  filed  on 
December 8, 2011) (File No. 001-09614).
Certificate  of  Designations  of  Special  Voting  Preferred  Stock  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  dated  October  17,  2016. 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on October 17, 2016) (File No. 
001-09614).
Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  dated  December  7,  2011.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 3.2 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on December 8, 2011) (File No. 001-09614).
Indenture,  dated  May  4,  2020,  by  and  among  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  the  Guarantors  named  therein  and  U.S.  Bank 
National Association, as Trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed 
on May 4, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Indenture, dated December 18, 2020, by and between Vail Resorts, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as 
Trustee (including the form of 0.00% Convertible Senior Note due 2026). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
4.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on December 18, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).

113

 
Posted
Exhibit
Number
4.3

Description

10.1
10.2(a)

Description of Securities (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the 
quarter ended October 31, 2020 (File No. 001-09614)
Forest Service Unified Permit for Heavenly ski area, dated April 29, 2002 (File No. 001-09614).
Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Keystone  ski  area,  dated  December  30,  1996.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 99.2(a) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
10.2(b) Amendment No. 2 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
99.2(b) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
10.2(c) Amendment No. 3 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.3 (c) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).

10.2(d) Amendment No. 4 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.3 (d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).

10.2(e) Amendment No. 5 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.3(a)

10.3(b)

10.3(c)

10.3(d)

10.3(e)

10.3(f)

10.4(a)

10.4(b)

10.4(c)

10.4(d)

10.4(e)

10.4(f)

10.5(a)

10.5(b)

10.5(c)

10.5(d)

10.5(e)

10.6*

10.7*

10.8*

10.9*

10.3 (e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Breckenridge ski area, dated December 31, 1996. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 99.3(a) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  1  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 99.3(b) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  2  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 (c) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  3  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 (d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  4  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 (e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  5  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4(f) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended January 31, 2006) (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Beaver Creek ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4(a) on Form 
10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Exhibits to Forest Service Unified Permit for Beaver Creek ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4(b) 
on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  1  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.5(c) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  2  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.5(d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
10.5(e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  3  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4(f) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2008) (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area, dated November 23, 1993. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
99.5(a) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Exhibits to Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5(b) on Form 
10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  2  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Vail  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
99.5(c) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment No. 3 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 
(d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment No. 4 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 
(e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  Amended  and  Restated  2002  Long  Term  Incentive  and  Share  Award  Plan.  (Incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 99.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on December 10, 2009) (File No. 001-09614).
Form  of  Restricted  Share  Unit  Agreement.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on December 7, 2015) (File Number 001-09614).
Form of Share Appreciation Rights Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on December 7, 2015) (File Number 001-09614)
Vail Resorts Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of January 1, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.22 on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2009) (File No. 001-09614).

114

Posted
Exhibit
Number
10.10(a)* Executive Employment Agreement made and entered into October 15, 2008 by and between Vail Resorts, Inc. 
and Robert A. Katz. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the report on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. 
for the quarter ended October 31, 2008) (File No. 001-09614).

Description

10.10(b)* First Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, dated September 30, 2011, by and between Vail Resorts, 
Inc.  and  Robert  A.  Katz  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  filed 
September 30, 2011) (File No. 001-09614).

10.13

10.12

10.11*

10.15*

10.16*

10.14*

10.10(c)* Second Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, dated April 11, 2013, by and between Vail Resorts, 
Inc. and Robert A. Katz. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the 
quarter ended April 30, 2013) (File No. 001-09614).
Form of Indemnification Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the report on Form 10-Q of 
Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2008) (File No. 001-09614).
Master Agreement of Lease, dated May 29, 2013, between VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and Talisker Canyons Leaseco 
LLC. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on May 30, 2013) (File 
No. 001-09614).
Guaranty of Vail Resorts, Inc., dated May 29, 2013, in connection with the Master Agreement of Lease between 
VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and Talisker Canyons Leaseco LLC. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 
8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on May 30, 2013) (File No. 001-09614).
Vail Resorts, Inc. Management Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Vail Resorts, Inc. 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on December 7, 2015) (File Number 001-09614).
Form of Restricted Share Unit Agreement (effective September 23, 2020) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.17 on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2020) (File Number 001-09614).
Form  of  Share  Appreciation  Rights  Agreement  (effective  September  23,  2020)  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.18 on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2020) (File Number 001-09614).
Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, Annex A to that certain Amendment Agreement, dated as of 
August 15, 2018, among Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, U.S. 
Bank  National  Association  and  Wells  Fargo,  National  Association,  as  co-syndication  Agents,  and  the  Lenders 
party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended 
October 31, 2018) (File No. 001-09614).
First Amendment to the Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 15, 2019, among Vail 
Holdings, Inc., as borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, on its own behalf and on behalf 
of the Lenders party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the 
quarter ended April 30, 2019) (File No. 001-09614).
Second  Amendment  to  the  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  September  23,  2019, 
among Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, on its own behalf 
and  on  behalf  of  the  Lenders  party  thereto.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  on  Form  10-Q  of  Vail 
Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2019) (File No. 001-09614).

10.18(b)

10.18(a)

10.18(c)

10.17*

10.18(e)

10.18(d) Third  Amendment  to  the  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  April  28,  2020,  among 
Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, on its own behalf and on 
behalf of the Lenders party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. 
for the quarter ended April 30, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Fourth  Amendment  to  the  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  18,  2020, 
between  Vail  Holdings,  Inc.,  as  borrower,  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  and  certain  subsidiaries  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  as 
guarantors,  and  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  as  administrative  agent,  on  its  own  behalf  and  on  the  behalf  of  the 
Lenders  party  thereto.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  filed  on 
December 18, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).

10.19(a) Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and the amendments thereto, dated as of November 12, 2013, among 
Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited  Partnership  and  Blackcomb  Skiing  Enterprises  Limited  Partnership,  as 
borrowers, the Guarantors Party thereto, the Financial Institutions named therein, The Toronto-Dominion Bank, 
as administrative agent, TD Securities, as lead arranger and sole bookrunner, and Royal Bank of Canada, Bank of 
Montreal,  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  N.A.,  Canadian  Branch,  and  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  Canadian  Branch,  as  co-
documentation  agents  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  on  Form  10-Q  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  for  the 
quarter ended October 30, 2016) (File No. 001-09614).

10.19(b) Third  Amending  Agreement,  dated  as  of  February  10,  2017,  among  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited 
Partnership and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership, as borrowers, the Guarantors Party thereto, 
and  The  Toronto-Dominion  Bank,  as  administrative  agent,  on  its  own  behalf  and  on  behalf  of  the  Lenders 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended January 31, 
2017) (File No. 001-09614).

115

Posted
Exhibit
Number
10.19(c)

10.19(d)

Description

Fourth  Amending  Agreement,  dated  as  of  November  30,  2018,  among  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited 
Partnership and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership, as borrowers, the Guarantors Party thereto, 
and  The  Toronto-Dominion  Bank,  as  administrative  agent,  on  its  own  behalf  and  on  behalf  of  the  lenders 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended January 31, 
2019) (File No. 001-09614).
Fifth  Amending  Agreement,  dated  as  of  November  21,  2019,  among  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited 
Partnership and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership, as borrowers, the Guarantors Party thereto, 
and  The  Toronto-Dominion  Bank,  as  administrative  agent,  on  its  own  behalf  and  on  behalf  of  the  Lenders 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended January 31, 
2019) (File No. 001-09614).

10.21

10.20 Whistler  Mountain  Master  Development  Agreement,  dated  as  of  February  23,  2017,  between  Her  Majesty  the 
Queen  in  Right  of  the  Province  of  British  Columbia  and  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited  Partnership 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on February 27, 2017) (File 
No. 001-09614).
Blackcomb Mountain Master Development Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2017, between Her Majesty the 
Queen  in  Right  of  the  Province  of  British  Columbia  and  Blackcomb  Skiing  Enterprises  Limited  Partnership 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on February 27, 2017) (File 
No. 001-09614).
Subsidiaries of Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Power of Attorney. Included on signature pages hereto.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certifications  of  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350  as 
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

21
23
24
31.1
31.2
32

101.INS XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file as its XBRL tags 

are embedded within the inline XBRL document.

101.SCH XBRL Schema Document.
101.CAL XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF XBRL Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB XBRL Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104

The cover page from this Annual Report on Form 10-K, formatted in inline XBRL.

*Management contracts and compensatory plans and arrangements.

ITEM 16.

FORM 10-K SUMMARY.

None.

116

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: September 23, 2021

Vail Resorts, Inc.

Date: September 23, 2021

By:

By:

/s/ Michael Z. Barkin
Michael Z. Barkin

Executive Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Vail Resorts, Inc.

/s/ Nathan Gronberg

Nathan Gronberg

Vice President, Controller and 
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Michael Z. Barkin or Nathan Gronberg his or her 
true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her 
name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments or supplements to this Form 10-K and to file the 
same  with  all  exhibits  thereto  and  other  documents  in  connection  therewith,  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission, 
granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary 
or appropriate to be done with this Form 10-K and any amendments or supplements hereto, as fully to all intents and purposes 
as  he  or  she  might  or  could  do  in  person,  hereby  ratifying  and  confirming  all  that  said  attorney-in-fact  and  agent,  or  their 
substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the  following 
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on September 23, 2021.

117

/s/ Robert A. Katz
Robert A. Katz

/s/ Michael Z. Barkin

Michael Z. Barkin

/s/ Nathan Gronberg

Nathan Gronberg

/s/ Susan L. Decker
Susan L. Decker

/s/ Nadia Rawlinson
Nadia Rawlinson

/s/ John T. Redmond
John T. Redmond

/s/ Michele Romanow
Michele Romanow

/s/ Hilary A. Schneider
Hilary A. Schneider

/s/ D. Bruce Sewell
D. Bruce Sewell

/s/ John F. Sorte
John F. Sorte

/s/ Peter A. Vaughn
Peter A. Vaughn

Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

118

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE DATA 

Board of Directors 

Senior Executives 

Corporate Information 

Robert A. Katz 
Chairperson and Chief Executive   
Officer; Executive Chairperson 
effective November 1, 2021 
Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Susan L. Decker 
Chief Executive Officer and              
Co-Founder,    
Raftr 

Robert A. Katz 
Chairperson and Chief Executive 
Officer; Executive Chairperson 
effective November 1, 2021 

Kirsten A. Lynch 
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Marketing Officer; Chief Executive 
Officer effective November 1, 2021 

Corporate Offices 
Vail Resorts, Inc. 
390 Interlocken Crescent 
Broomfield, Colorado 80021 
303.404.1800 

Stock Exchange Listing 
The common shares of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. are listed and traded 
on the New York Stock Exchange 
under the ticker symbol MTN. 

Independent Auditors 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Denver, Colorado 

Transfer Agent and Registrar 
EQ Shareowner Services by 
Equiniti 
St. Paul, Minnesota 
800.468.9716 

Timothy M. April 
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Information Officer 

Michael Z. Barkin 
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Financial Officer 

Lynanne J. Kunkel 
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Human Resources Officer 

James C. O’Donnell 
President – Mountain Division 

Investor Relations 
InvestorRelations@vailresorts.com 

Bill Rock 
Executive Vice President, Mountain 
Operations & Chief Operating Officer, 
Rockies Region 

Websites 
www.vailresorts.com 
www.snow.com  

David T. Shapiro 
Executive Vice President, General 
Counsel and Secretary 

Greg Sullivan 
Senior Vice President, Retail/Rental 
and Hospitality 

Kirsten A. Lynch 
Chief Executive Officer and Director 
effective November 1, 2021                            
Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Nadia Rawlinson 
Former Chief People Officer, 
Slack Technologies, Inc.  

John T. Redmond 
President, 
Allegiant Travel Company 

Michele Romanow 
Co-Founder & President, 
Clearco 

Hilary A. Schneider 
President and Chief Executive   
Officer, 
Shutterfly, Inc. 

D. Bruce Sewell 
Former Senior Vice President,  
General Counsel & Secretary, 
Apple Inc. 

John F. Sorte 
Executive Chairman, 
Morgan Joseph TriArtisan Group Inc.  

Peter A. Vaughn 
Founder and Managing Director, 
Vaughn Advisory Group, LLC