Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Gambling, Resorts & Casinos / Vail Resorts

Vail Resorts

mtn · NYSE Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker mtn
Exchange NYSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Gambling, Resorts & Casinos
Employees 10,000+
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FY2023 Annual Report · Vail Resorts
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NOTICE OF THE 2023 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 
PROXY STATEMENT 
2023 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

Page 

Our Company 

Proxy Summary  

Proposal 1. Election of Officers  

Information with Respect to Nominees 

Management 

Security Ownership of Directors and Executive 
Officers 

Information as to Certain Stockholders 

Corporate Governance 

Corporate Governance Guidelines 

Board Leadership and Lead Independent Director 

Meetings of the Board 

Executive Sessions 

Director Nominations 

Determinations Regarding Independence 

Communications with the Board 

Code of Ethics and Business Conduct 

Risk Management 

Sustainability Efforts 

Compensation Risk Assessment 

Committees of the Board 

The Audit Committee 

Audit Committee Report 

The Compensation Committee 

Compensation Committee Report 

The Nominating & Governance Committee 

The Executive Committee 

Director Compensation 

Director Compensation for Fiscal 2023 

Director Cash Compensation 

Director Equity Compensation 

Limited Director Perquisites and Personal Benefits 

Stock Ownership Guidelines for Non-Employee 

Directors 

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports 

Transactions with Related Persons 

Related Party Transactions Policy and Procedures 

Executive Compensation 

1 

2 

8 

8 

19 

20 

21 

22 

22 

22 

23 

23 

23 

23 

23 

23 

24 

24 

24 

24 

25 

25 

27 

28 

29 

29 

30 

30 

31 

31 

31 

32 

32 

32 

32 

33

Compensation Discussion and Analysis 

Leadership Transitions 

Company Performance Highlights 

Executive Summary of our Compensation Program 

Key Objectives of Our Executive Compensation 

Program 

Compensation Decision Process 

Elements of Compensation 

2023 Compensation Decisions 

Other Executive Compensation Policies and 

Practices  

Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal 2023 

Grants of Plan-Based Awards in Fiscal 2023 

Employment Agreements 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal 2023 Year- 

End 

Option Exercises and Stock Vested in Fiscal 2023 

Pension Benefits 

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation for Fiscal 

2023 

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change- 

In-Control 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity 

Compensation Plans 

Pay Ratio Disclosure 

Pay Versus Performance Disclosure 

Proposal 2. Ratification of the Selection of 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Selection of Independent Registered Public 

Accounting Firm 

Fees Billed to Vail Resorts by PricewaterhouseCoopers 

LLP during Fiscal 2023 and Fiscal 2022 

Proposal 3. Advisory Vote to Approve Executive 
  Compensation 

Proposal 4. Advisory Vote on the Frequency 
   of Future Advisory Votes on Executive 
   Compensation 

The Annual Meeting and Voting – Questions 
and Answers 

Stockholder Proposals for 2024 Annual Meeting 

Householding of Proxy Materials 

Other Matters 

Appendix A 

i 

33 

33 

33 

34 

37 

37 

39 

41 

44 

46 

49 

50 

51 

55 

55 

55 

55 

60 

61 

62 

70 

70 

70 

71 

72 

73 

77 

77 

78 

79 

 
 
 
 
Who We Are 

We are the premier mountain resort company in the world and a leader in luxury, destination-based travel at iconic locations. We 
operate world-class destination mountain resorts, and regional ski areas, including Vail Mountain, Breckenridge, Park City Mountain, 
Whistler Blackcomb, Stowe, and 32 additional resorts across North America; Andermatt-Sedrun in Switzerland; and Perisher, Hotham, 
and Falls Creek in Australia. We are passionate about providing an Experience of a Lifetime to our team members and guests, and our 
EpicPromise is to reach a zero net operating footprint by 2030, support our employees and communities, and broaden engagement in 
our sport. Our company owns and/or manages a collection of elegant hotels under the RockResorts brand, a portfolio of vacation rentals, 
condominiums and branded hotels located in close proximity to our mountain destinations, as well as the Grand Teton Lodge Company 
in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. Vail Resorts Retail operates more than 250 retail and rental locations across North America. 

What We Believe 

Everything we do needs to be aligned with our five stakeholders: 

•  Our Guests 

•  Our Employees 

•  Our Communities 

•  Our Natural Environment 

•  Our Shareholders 

Our Mission: Experience of a Lifetime 

At Vail Resorts, our mission is simple – to provide an Experience of a Lifetime. We do this by creating an Experience of a Lifetime 

for our employees, so they can, in turn, provide an Experience of a Lifetime for our guests. 

Our Core Values 

As Vail Resorts employees, we hold ourselves accountable for living these foundational values every day in everything we do: 

Serve Others 

Lead with service to create Experiences of a Lifetime for one another and our guests.  

Do Right 

Act with integrity – always do the right thing, knowing it leads to the right outcome. 

Be Inclusive 

Welcome everyone to our Company, resorts and communities—include all races, 
gender identities, sexual orientations, abilities, and the many qualities that make each of 
us unique. 

Drive Value 

Fuel business growth and guest loyalty through guest experience and continued innovation. 

Do Good 

Preserve our natural environments and contribute to the success of our local communities. 

Be Safe 

Be committed to the safety and wellness of our employees and guests. 

Have Fun 

Fun is our product – create fun, enjoy your work and share the contagious spirit. 

 
 
 
 
PROXY SUMMARY 

This  summary  contains  highlights  about  our  Company  and  the  2023  Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders.  This  summary  does  not 
contain all of the information that you should consider in advance of the annual meeting, and we encourage you to read the entire Proxy 
Statement and our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 28, 2023 (the “Annual Report”) carefully before 
voting.  Page  references  are  provided  to  help  you  find  further  information  in  this  Proxy  Statement.  For  information  concerning  the 
annual meeting and voting on the proposals discussed in more detail in this Proxy Statement, please see “The Annual Meeting and 
Voting – Questions and Answers” beginning on page 73. 

Corporate Governance Highlights (page 22) 

We believe good governance is integral to achieving long-term stockholder value. We are committed to governance policies and 
practices that serve the interests of the Company and its stockholders. The Board of Directors (the “Board”) monitors developments in 
governance best practices to assure that it continues to meet its commitment to thoughtful and independent representation of stockholder 
interests. Highlights of our corporate governance include: 

•  All of our director nominees are independent, except for Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch; 

•  All of our Audit, Compensation, and Nominating & Governance Committee members are independent; 

•  An independent non-executive lead director; 

•  Annual election of all directors; 

•  Majority voting standard and a director resignation policy in uncontested director elections; 

•  Executive sessions of independent directors held at regularly scheduled Board meetings; 

•  Meaningful stock ownership guidelines; 

•  Excellent track record of attendance by our directors at Board and committee meetings in fiscal 2023; 

•  Anti-hedging policy for all directors and executive officers; and 

•  Clawback policy applicable to executive officers for both cash and equity-based awards. 

Environmental, Social & Governance Highlights 

Vail Resorts is committed to creating long-term value for our business and our stakeholders through environmental, social, and 
governance (“ESG”) practices that drive environmentally, socially, and ethically sustainable behavior and promote the wellbeing of our 
employees, guests, and communities. Highlights of our ESG commitments include: 

2 

 
 
Community Impact.  Vail Resorts is committed to helping our 
communities  thrive  by  partnering  with  critical  non-profit 
organizations in the communities in which we operate to make 
an  impact.  In  fiscal  year  2023,  Vail  Resorts  donated 
approximately $28.1 million to our non-profit partners. Also in 
fiscal year 2023, Vail Resorts’ Epic for Everyone youth access 
program hosted more than 11,000 youth who otherwise might 
not  have  had  access  to  skiing  and  riding  across  its  North 
American 
information,  please  visit 
epicpromise.com. 

resorts.  For  more 

Mountain  Safety.  Our  value  of  “Be  Safe”  and  the  health, 
safety,  and  security  of  our  employees  and  guests  are 
fundamental  to  our  operations.  All  employees  are  trained  on 
working  safely  and  are  accountable  for  promoting  a  safe 
environment.  As  part  of  our  “safety  first”  culture,  we  have  a 
dedicated  health  and  safety  team  that  supports  our  resort 
operations, as well as highly trained ski patrol professionals on 
staff at each resort. 

Diversity, Equity & Inclusion (“DEI”).  We believe that DEI 
is core to both our Company’s success and the growth of the ski 
industry. One of our core values is “Be Inclusive,” which means 
that  we  welcome  everyone  to  our  Company,  resorts,  and 
communities,  including  all  races,  gender  identities,  sexual 
orientations,  abilities,  and  other  differences.  One  of  our  core 
leadership competencies is “Elevate,” which requires leaders to 
be  self-aware  of  their  own  inclusive  behavior  in  order  to 
intentionally  build  diverse  representation,  bring  equity  to  our 
business  practices,  and  create  inclusive  communities  in  which 
all people can thrive. 

Company  Culture.    Core  to  our  mission  is  to  create  an 
Experience of a Lifetime for our employees, so they in turn can 
provide an Experience of a Lifetime for our guests. We have a 
values-based leadership culture that places a premium on leader 
transparency,  vulnerability,  and  authenticity.  In  2016,  we 
launched our nonprofit organization, the EpicPromise Employee 
the  EpicPromise  Employee 
Foundation.  In  fiscal  2023, 
Foundation  contributed  approximately  $1.1  million 
to 
employees and their dependents through our unplanned hardship 
and scholarship programs. 

3 

 
 
 
 
Commitment  to  Zero.    Vail  Resorts  remains  on  track  to 
achieve our sustainability goal of achieving a zero net operating 
footprint  by  2030.  For  more  detail  regarding  our  progress 
toward  reaching  our  commitment  to  zero  net  emissions,  zero 
waste to landfill, and zero net operating impact on forests and 
habitat,  please  see  our  EpicPromise  Progress  Report  at 
epicpromise.com. 
Corporate  Governance.  We  believe  that  good  governance  is 
integral to achieving long-term value for our stakeholders. Our 
Board  of  Directors  ensures  that  we  are  leading  with  the  best 
governance practices to serve the interests of our Company and 
our  stockholders,  including  receiving  feedback  from  our 
stockholders. 

Talent Development.  We are passionate about developing our 
talent  and  building  the  best  teams.  We  offer  a  variety  of 
leadership development programs for everyone from our entry-
level seasonal employees to our most senior executives. 

Investment  in  Employees.  The  experience  of  our  employees 
and guests is the core of our business model. During fiscal 2023, 
we increased our minimum wage for North American employees 
to $20 per hour and to $21 per hour for technical roles such as 
patrol, maintenance, and certified commercial vehicle drivers, to 
make frontline talent a strategic advantage. We also announced 
a  substantial  investment  in  our  human  resource  department  to 
support more normalized staffing and operations at our resorts, 
as well as significant investments in affordable housing in our 
communities. 

Director Nominees (page 8) 

The following table provides summary information about each director nominee. Each director stands for election annually. Detailed 

information about each director nominee’s background, skill set, and areas of experience can be found beginning on page 8. 

Committee 
Memberships 

Independent 

Audit 

Comp  N&G 

Exec 

Primary Occupation and 
Experience 
CEO and Co-Founder of Raftr 
and Principal of Deck3 
Ventures LLC 
Executive Chairperson of the 
Board and former CEO of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. 
CEO of Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Operating Chairman, WNBA 
Chicago Sky 

Former CEO of Allegiant 
Travel Company 

Co-Founder and Executive 
Chairman of Clearco 

Strategic Advisor to the Board 
of Directors of Shutterfly, LLC. 

Director 
Nominee 

Susan L. 
Decker 

Director 
Since 

2015 

Robert A. Katz  1996 

Kirsten A. 
Lynch 

Nadia 
Rawlinson 

John T. 
Redmond 

Michele 
Romanow 

Hilary A. 
Schneider 

D. Bruce 
Sewell♦ 

2021 

2019 

2008 

2016 

2010 

2013 

Yes 

No 

No 

Yes 

Yes 

F 

Yes 

Yes 

Former SVP, General Counsel 
& Secretary of Apple Inc. 

Yes 

F 

John F. Sorte 

1993 

Executive Chairman of Morgan 
Joseph TriArtisan Group, Inc. 

Peter A. 
Vaughn 

2013 

Fiscal 2023 Meetings: 

Audit – Audit Committee 
Comp – Compensation Committee 

Founder and Managing 
Director of Vaughn Advisory 
Group, LLC 

Yes 

Yes 

Chair 
F 

X 

4 

Exec – Executive Committee 
F – Audit Committee Financial Expert 

4 

X 

Chair 

X 

X 

X 

3 

X 

X 

Chair 

X 

X 

X 

2 

X 

0 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
N&G – Nominating & Governance Committee 

♦ – Lead Independent Director 

The Board of Directors held four meetings during fiscal 2023. Each of the director nominees who were directors during fiscal 2023 

attended 100% of the meetings held by the Board and Board committees on which he or she served during the fiscal year. 

Board Composition 

Our ten director nominees have an effective mix of skills, experience, background, and diversity of perspective. The below graphs 

quantify these aspects of our various board members. 

5 

 
 
 
 
Executive Compensation Highlights (page 33) 

Under our executive compensation program, a significant portion of the CEO’s (approximately 85%) and other named executive 
officers’ (approximately 67%) annual target total direct compensation is variable based upon our operating performance and/or our stock 
price, as shown below: 

CEO Fiscal 2023 Total Target Direct
Compensation

Other NEO Fiscal 2023 Total Target 
Direct 
Compensation (1)

15.4%

15.4%

Base
Salary

Target
Annual
Incentive

Long-
Term
Equity
Incentive

32.9%

55.9%

11.2%

Base
Salary

Target
Annual
Incentive

Long-
Term
Equity
Incentive

69.2%

(1)  Excludes compensation for Mr. Barkin and Mr. O’Donnell. 

In addition, for fiscal 2023, we engaged in (or refrained from) certain pay practices with respect to our named executive officer 

compensation program that we believe align with market best practices: 

Annual Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation 

Independent Compensation Committee 

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Tied to Performance 

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Delivered in the Form of Long-Term Equity-Based Incentives 

Market Alignment of Compensation but with Greater Emphasis on At- Risk Compensation 

What We Do: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Independent Compensation Consultant 

Clawback Policy 

Stock Ownership Guidelines 

Use of Tally Sheets 

Annual Risk Assessment 

What We Don’t Do: 

☒ 
☒  
☒ 
☒ 
☒ 
☒ 
☒  
☒  

No Excessive Perquisites 

No Tax Gross-Ups on Perquisites, Except for Standard Relocation Benefits 

No Excise Tax Gross-Ups 

No Automatic Salary Increases or Guaranteed Bonuses 

No “Single Trigger” Automatic Payments, Benefits, or Equity Vesting Upon a Change in Control 

No Hedging or Pledging 

No Equity Repricing 

No Pension Plans or SERPs 

VOTING MATTERS AND BOARD RECOMMENDATION 

The following table summarizes the proposals to be considered at the annual meeting and the Board’s voting recommendation with 

respect to each proposal. 

6 

 
 
Management Proposals 
Election of the ten directors named in this Proxy Statement, each for a one-year term 
expiring in 2024 
Ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as independent registered public accounting 
firm for fiscal 2024 
Advisory vote to approve executive compensation 
Advisory vote on the frequency of future advisory votes on executive compensation 

Board Vote 
Recommendation 
FOR EACH 
NOMINEE 
FOR 

FOR 
EVERY ONE 
YEAR 

Page 
Reference 
8 

70 

71 
72 

Election of Directors (Proposal No. 1) 

We are asking stockholders to elect each of our nominees for the Board of Directors named in this proxy statement. Our nominees are: 
Susan L. Decker, Robert A. Katz, Kirsten A. Lynch, Nadia Rawlinson, John T. Redmond, Michele Romanow, Hilary A. Schneider, D. 
Bruce Sewell, John F. Sorte, and Peter A. Vaughn. If elected, each director nominee will serve as a director for a one-year term that 
expires in 2024. 

Ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as Independent Auditor (Proposal No. 2) 

We are asking stockholders to ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as independent registered public accounting firm 
for fiscal 2024. The Audit Committee has selected, and the Board of Directors has ratified the selection of, PricewaterhouseCoopers 
LLP to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal 2024. Set forth below is information about its fees in fiscal 
2023 and fiscal 2022. 

Type of fees 
Audit fees 
Tax fees  
Other fees 
Total 

2023 
$3,945,000 
$190,000 
$2,000 

2022 
$3,491,000 
$217,800 
$2,000 
$4,137,000                          $3,710,800 

Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation (Proposal No. 3) 

We are asking stockholders to cast an advisory, non-binding vote to approve compensation awarded to our named executive officers. 
The primary  objective  of our  executive  compensation  program  is  to  emphasize  pay-for-performance  by  incentivizing our  executive 
officers and senior management to drive superior results and generate stockholder value. Additional information regarding our executive 
compensation may be found elsewhere in this Proxy Statement. 

Advisory Vote on the Frequency of Future Advisory Votes on Executive Compensation (Proposal No. 4) 

We are asking stockholders to indicate their preference as to whether future advisory votes on executive compensation should occur 
every year, every two years, or every three years. Currently, advisory votes on executive compensation are held every year. 

MEETING INFORMATION 

Date and time: 

December 6, 2023, 9:00 a.m. Mountain Time 

Website: 

www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2023 

Record date: 

October 10, 2023 

Voting: 

Stockholders at the close of business on the record date may vote at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Each 
share is entitled to one vote on each matter to be voted upon. 

7 

 
 
390 Interlocken Crescent 
Broomfield, Colorado 80021 

PROXY STATEMENT FOR THE 2023 
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 

We are providing these proxy materials in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of 
Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  (“we,”  “us,”  “Vail  Resorts,”  or  the  “Company”)  to  be  voted  at  our  annual  meeting,  which  will  take  place  on 
Wednesday,  December  6,  2023  at  9:00  a.m.,  Mountain  Time,  via  a  live  virtual  stockholder  meeting,  and  at  any  adjournment  or 
postponement thereof. As a stockholder, you are invited to attend the annual meeting and are requested to vote on the items of business 
described in this Proxy Statement. 

In accordance with the “notice and access” rules and regulations of the SEC, instead of mailing a printed copy of our proxy materials 
to each stockholder of record or beneficial owner, we are furnishing proxy materials, which include our Proxy Statement and annual 
report, to our stockholders over the Internet. Because you received a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials by mail, you will 
not receive a printed copy of the proxy materials, unless you have previously made a permanent election to receive these materials in 
hard copy or unless you request a printed copy as described below. Instead, the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials will 
instruct you as to how you may access and review all of the important information contained in the proxy materials. The Notice of 
Internet Availability of Proxy Materials also instructs you as to how you may submit your proxy. If you received a Notice of Internet 
Availability  of  Proxy  Materials  by  mail  and  would  like  to  receive  a  printed  copy  of  our  proxy  materials,  you  should  follow  the 
instructions for requesting such materials included in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials. 

It is anticipated that the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials will be mailed, and this Proxy Statement will be made 

available, to stockholders on or about October 26, 2023. 

PROPOSAL 1. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS 

At the annual meeting, ten directors will be nominated for election to the Board to serve for the next year and until their respective 
successors are elected and qualified. The nominees are Mses. Decker, Lynch, Rawlinson, Romanow, and Schneider and Messrs. Katz, 
Redmond, Sewell, Sorte, and Vaughn. Each of the nominees is currently a director of the Company and all nominees were previously 
elected by stockholders. 

The persons named as proxies in the accompanying proxy, who have been designated by the Board, intend to vote, unless otherwise 
instructed  in  such  proxy,  “FOR”  the  election  of  Mses.  Decker,  Lynch,  Rawlinson,  Romanow,  and  Schneider  and  Messrs.  Katz, 
Redmond,  Sewell,  Sorte,  and  Vaughn  as  directors.  If  any  nominee  becomes  unavailable  for  election  as  a  result  of  an  unexpected 
occurrence, your shares will be voted for the election of a substitute nominee, if any, proposed by the Board. Each person nominated for 
election has agreed to serve if elected. Our Board has no reason to believe that any nominee will be unable to serve. The proxies solicited 
by this proxy statement may not be voted for more than ten nominees. 

INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO NOMINEES 

The Nominating & Governance Committee monitors the mix of skills, knowledge, perspective, leadership, age, experience, and 
diversity among directors in order to assure that the Board has the ability to perform its oversight function effectively. The Nominating 
& Governance Committee has determined that the Board will be comprised of individuals who meet the highest possible personal and 
professional standards. Our director nominees should have broad experience in management, policymaking and/or finance, relevant 
industry knowledge, business creativity and vision. They should also be committed to enhancing stockholder value and should be able 
to dedicate sufficient time to effectively carry out their duties. 

The Nominating & Governance Committee considers many factors when determining the eligibility of candidates for nomination 
as director. The Nominating & Governance Committee does not have a formal diversity policy; however, in connection with the annual 
nomination  process,  the  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  considers  the  diversity  of  candidates  to  ensure  that  the  Board  is 
comprised of individuals with a broad range of experiences and backgrounds who can contribute to the Board’s overall effectiveness in 
carrying out its responsibilities. The Nominating & Governance Committee assesses the effectiveness of its efforts at achieving a diverse 
Board when it annually evaluates the Board’s composition. 

8 

 
 
The Nominating & Governance Committee considers the following specific characteristics in making its nominations for our Board: 
independence,  wisdom,  integrity,  understanding  and  general  acceptance  of  the  Company’s  corporate  philosophy,  business  or 
professional knowledge and experience that can bear on the Company’s and the Board’s challenges and deliberations, proven record of 
accomplishment  with  excellent  organizations,  inquiring  mind,  willingness  to  speak  one’s  mind,  ability  to  challenge  and  stimulate 
management, future orientation, willingness to commit time and energy, diversity and international/global experience. 

At  the  Annual  Meeting,  director  nominees  will  stand  for  election  for  one-year  terms,  expiring  at  the  2024  Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders. The following sets forth the name and age of each director, identifies whether the director is currently a member of the 
Board, lists all other positions and offices, if any, now held by him or her with the Company, and specifies his or her principal occupation 
during at least the last five years. 

Director Nominee 

SUSAN L. DECKER 
Age – 60 

CEO & Co-Founder,  
Raftr 

Director Since 
September 2015 

Independent 

Committees: 
Compensation 

Current Public Directorships: 
Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. 
Costco Wholesale Corporation 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 
Ms. Decker is CEO and co-founder of Raftr, a college campus social platform which was 
launched  in  2017.  In  addition,  Ms.  Decker  is  the  principal  of  Deck3  Ventures  LLC,  a 
privately  held  consulting  and  advisory  firm,  a  position  she  has  held  since  2009.  Ms. 
Decker currently serves on the boards of directors of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. and Costco 
Wholesale Corporation and of private corporations Automattic, Chime Financial, and Vox 
Media, Inc. She previously served on the board of directors of Intel Corporation, Pixar, 
InterPrivate II Acquisition Corp., and Momentive Inc. (formerly SurveyMonkey). During 
the  2009  -  2010  academic  year,  Ms.  Decker  served  as  Entrepreneur-in-Residence  at 
Harvard Business School. Prior to that, from June 2000 to April 2009, she held various 
executive  management  positions  at  Yahoo!  Inc.,  a  global  Internet  brand,  including 
President  (June  2007  to  April  2009),  head  of  the  Advertiser  and  Publisher  Group 
(December 2006 to June 2007) and Chief Financial Officer (June 2000 to June 2007). 
Prior to joining Yahoo!, she spent 14 years with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette (DLJ), 
most recently as Managing Director, global equity research (1998 - 2000), and previously 
as an equity research analyst, covering publishing and advertising stocks from 1986 to 
1998. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership and Finance experience—former lead director of an international 
manufacturer  of  microprocessors  and  chipsets  (Intel);  current  principal  of 
corporate  advisory  firm  (Deck3);  former  president  and  CFO  of  large  public 
global  technology  company  (Yahoo!);  former  entrepreneur-in-residence  for 
leading business school (Harvard); former global director of equity research for 
an investment bank (DLJ) 

•  Technology  and  International  experience—director  of  a  large,  diverse 
multinational conglomerate (Berkshire); director of a financial technology and 
mobile banking company (Chime); director of a leading global retailer (Costco); 
former director of an international manufacturer of microprocessors and chipsets 
company (Intel); leadership positions at large public global technology company 
(Yahoo!);  former  director  of  global  equity  research  for  an  investment  bank 
(DLJ); former director of a cloud-based software as a service (SaaS) company 
(Momentive); CEO & co-founder of a digital media product (Raftr) 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Director Nominee 

ROBERT A. KATZ 
Age – 56 

Executive Chairperson of the 
Board, 
Vail Resorts, Inc.,  
Since November 2021  

Chairperson of the Board,  
Vail Resorts, Inc.,  
From March 2009 to November 
2021 

Director Since 
June 1996 

Committees: 
Executive 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 
Mr. Katz is the Executive Chairperson of the Board of Vail Resorts. Mr. Katz served as 
Chairperson from March 2009 until November 2021, at which point he was appointed as 
Executive Chairperson. He previously served as Lead Director from June 2003 until his 
appointment  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  in  February  2006.  Mr.  Katz  served  as  Chief 
Executive Officer until November 2021. Mr. Katz has served on the Board of Directors 
of Vail Resorts since 1996 and has been involved with the Company since 1991. Prior to 
becoming the Chief Executive Officer, he was associated with Apollo Management L.P., 
a private equity investment firm, since its founding in 1990. Mr. Katz and his wife are the 
founders and board members of the Katz Amsterdam Foundation, which works to address 
systemic injustice and racial and social disparities in mental health, reproductive health, 
and civic engagement. Mr. Katz currently serves on the Wharton Leadership Advisory 
Board and he has previously served on numerous private, public and non-profit boards. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership,  Industry  and  Marketing  experience—professional  association 
with Vail Resorts began in 1991 and has been involved with all major strategic 
decisions for over three decades; CEO from February 2006 to November 2021 
with  unique  insight  and  information  regarding  the  Company’s  strategy, 
operations and business, and experience with global branding, development, and 
strategy, as well a unique historical perspective into the operations and vision for 
the Company (Vail Resorts) 

•  Finance  experience—former  CEO  of  large  public  company  (Vail  Resorts); 

former senior partner at large private equity investment firm (Apollo) 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Director Nominee 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 

KIRSTEN A. LYNCH 
Age – 55 

Chief Executive Officer, 
Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Director Since 
November 2021 

Committees: 
Executive 

Ms.  Lynch  has  served  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  director  of  Vail  Resorts  since 
November 2021, and previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing 
Officer. From March 2018 to May 2022, Ms. Lynch served as a director of Stitch Fix, 
Inc., a publicly traded e-commerce company focused on personalized data-driven fashion. 
Prior to joining the Company in 2011, Ms. Lynch was with PepsiCo, Inc., where she was 
Chief Marketing Officer of the Quaker Foods and Snacks Division from 2009 to 2011, 
leading  the  brand  marketing,  consumer  insights,  and  shopper  marketing  organization. 
Prior  to  PepsiCo,  Kirsten  worked  for  Kraft  Foods  for  12  years  in  various  positions 
including Vice President of Marketing for Kraft Foods’ Cheese and Dairy Business Unit 
and Senior Marketing Director for Kraft Macaroni & Cheese. Ms. Lynch started her career 
with Ford Motor Company in marketing and sales.  

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership  experience—professional  association  with  Vail  Resorts  began  in 
2011; CEO and director of Vail Resorts since November 2021; former Executive 
Vice  President  and  Chief  Marketing  Officer  of  a  large  public  company  (Vail 
Resorts);  former  Chief  Marketing  Officer  at  multinational  food  and  beverage 
corporation  (PepsiCo);  former  Vice  President  of  marketing  for  large  food 
manufacturing  conglomerate  (Kraft);  former  director  at  publicly  traded  e-
commerce company (Stitch Fix) 

• 

Industry and Marketing experience—former Chief Marketing Officer at two 
major  corporations  leading brand  marketing  and  consumer  insights  across  the 
enterprises  (Vail  Resorts,  PepsiCo);  multiple  marketing  positions,  including 
Vice  President,  overseeing  various  product  divisions  (Kraft);  marketing  and 
sales at multinational automobile manufacturer (Ford) 

•  Finance experience—current CEO of large public company (Vail Resorts) 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Director Nominee 

NADIA RAWLINSON 
Age – 44 

Operating Chairman, WNBA  
Chicago Sky 

Director Since 
December 2019 

Independent 

Committees: 
Compensation (Chair) 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 
Ms.  Rawlinson  is  currently  a  co-owner  and  the  Operating  Chairman  of  the  WNBA 
franchise Chicago Sky. In her capacity as Operating Chairman, Ms. Rawlinson leads the 
ownership group and oversees all business operations, strategy, and government relations. 
Additionally,  Ms.  Rawlinson  is  a  Venture  Advisor  at  GV,  the  venture  capital  arm  of 
Alphabet Inc. With $8 billion under management, GV invests in early-stage consumer, 
life sciences, enterprise, and frontier technology companies. Before joining GV, she built 
a  robust  career  in  human  resources  and  was  the  Chief  People  Officer  of  Slack 
Technologies,  Inc.,  a  leading  channel-based  messaging  platform,  where  she  was 
responsible for shaping the future of work and overseeing human resources strategy. From 
June 2016 to September 2020, she was the Chief Human Resources Officer at Live Nation 
Entertainment, leading HR for the company’s 35,000 full time and seasonal employees. 
Ms. Rawlinson also worked as the Chief Human Resources Officer at Rakuten Americas, 
part of Japan-based Rakuten Group, one of the largest Internet services companies in the 
world.  Early  in  her  career,  she  operated  in  both  HR  and  Business  leadership  roles  at 
Groupon, American Express, and Google. Ms. Rawlinson is currently a director at J.Crew 
Group, Inc. serving as a member of the compensation committee, and a board member of 
the international NGO Save the Children. Ms. Rawlinson currently serves on the Stanford 
University Board of Trustees. Ms. Rawlinson received her BA from Stanford University 
and MBA from Harvard Business School. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership experience—former Chief People Officer of leading channel-based 
messaging  platform  (Slack);  former  Chief  Human  Resources  Officer  of  a 
Fortune  500  live  music  entertainment  company  (Live  Nation);  former  Chief 
Human  Resources  Officer  of  a  large  international  Internet  services  company 
(Rakuten  Americas);  leadership  positions  at  various  technology  and  financial 
services companies (Groupon, American Express) 

• 

Industry and Technology experience—former Chief Human Resources Officer 
of large international e-commerce and software as a service (SaaS) technology 
companies (Rakuten Americas, Slack Technologies) 

•  Finance experience—current Venture Adviser at GV  

12 

 
 
 
Director Nominee 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 

JOHN T. REDMOND 
Age – 65 

Former CEO,  
Allegiant Travel Company 

Director Since 
March 2008 

Independent 

Committees: 
Audit 

Mr. Redmond  served  as  the  CEO  of  Allegiant  Travel  Company  from  June  2022  to 
September 2023, and also served as a director of Allegiant. Before Mr. Redmond’s time 
as CEO, Mr. Redmond was the President of Allegiant Travel Company from September 
2016 to June 2022. Prior to joining Allegiant, Mr. Redmond was the Managing Director 
and Chief Executive Officer of Echo Entertainment Group Limited, a leading Australian 
entertainment and gaming company, from January 2013 to April 2014, and previously 
served as a non-executive director from March 2012 to January 2013. Mr. Redmond was 
President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  MGM  Grand  Resorts, LLC,  a  collection  of 
resort-casino,  residential  living,  and  retail  developments,  and  a  director  of  its  parent 
company, MGM Resorts International, from March 2001 to August 2007. He served as 
Co-Chief Executive Officer and a director of MGM Grand, Inc. from December 1999 to 
March 2001. Mr. Redmond was President and Chief Operating Officer of Primm Valley 
Resorts from March 1999 to December 1999 and Senior Vice President of MGM Grand 
Development, Inc. from August 1996 to February 1999. Prior to 1996, Mr. Redmond was 
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Caesars Palace and Sheraton Desert 
Inn,  having  served  in  various  other  senior  operational  and  development  positions  with 
Caesars  World, Inc.  Mr. Redmond  previously  served  on  the  board  of  directors  of 
Tropicana Las Vegas Hotel and Casino, Inc. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership  and  Finance  experience—former  CEO  of 

large  public 
entertainment and gaming company (Echo); former senior officer and director of 
large  public  entertainment  and  gaming  company  (MGM);  former  CEO  and 
director of leisure travel company (Allegiant) 

• 

Industry  and  International  experience—former  CEO  and  director  of  leisure 
travel  company  (Allegiant);  former  CEO  of  large  public  entertainment  and 
gaming  company  (Echo);  former  senior  officer  and  director  of  large  public 
entertainment and gaming company (MGM) 

13 

 
 
 
 
  
Director Nominee 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 

MICHELE ROMANOW 
Age – 38 

Co-Founder and Executive 
Chairman, 
Clearco 

Director Since 
October 2016 

Independent 

Committees: 
Compensation 

Current Public Directorships:  
BBTV Holdings, Inc.  

Ms.  Romanow  is  the  Co-Founder  and  Executive  Chairman  of  Clearco  (formerly 
Clearbanc),  a  technology  company  changing  the  way  companies  raise  money  by 
providing fast, affordable growth capital to online brands. She transitioned from CEO to 
Executive Chairman of Clearco in January 2023. Clearco has invested $5 billion into more 
than  10,000  companies  in  13  countries.  Clearco  is  headquartered  in  Toronto,  Canada. 
Previously,  Ms.  Romanow  was  the  Co-Founder  of  Snap  by  Groupon  (previously 
SnapSaves), which was founded in March 2012 and acquired by Groupon, Inc. in June 
2014. She served as a senior marketing executive for Groupon from June 2014 until March 
2016. In February 2011, Ms. Romanow founded Buytopia.ca, a Canadian e-commerce 
leader. Prior to that, she was Director of Corporate Strategy & Business Improvement for 
Sears Canada. Ms. Romanow is also one of the venture capitalists on the award-winning 
CBC series Dragons’ Den. Ms. Romanow is a member of the board of directors of BBTV 
Holdings Inc., a Canadian media and technology company whose stock is publicly traded 
on the Toronto Stock Exchange. Ms. Romanow was previously a member of the board of 
directors of Whistler Blackcomb, which was acquired by Vail Resorts in October 2016, 
SHAD,  a  Canadian  charity  for  high  school  students,  Freshii  Inc.,  a  publicly  listed 
Canadian fast casual restaurant franchise, and League of Innovators, a Canadian charity. 
She holds a Bachelor of Science in Engineering and a Master of Business Administration 
from Queen’s University. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership  experience—Co-founder  and  Executive  Chairman  of  Clearco; 
former CEO of Clearco; co-founder of SnapSaves (now Snap by Groupon) and 
former head of marketing of Snap by Groupon; co-founder and former partner 
of  Buytopia.ca;  former  director  of  Freshii;  former  director  of  Whistler 
Blackcomb 

•  Technology  and  Marketing  experience—former  senior  marketing  executive 
(Groupon); co-founder of three technology companies (Clearco, SnapSaves and 
Buytopia.ca) 

14 

 
 
 
Director Nominee 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 

Ms. Schneider is currently a Strategic Advisor to the Board of Directors of Shutterfly, 
LLC, a leading digital retailer and manufacturer of personalized products and services. 
She was Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board of Directors of Shutterfly from 
January 2020 to June 2023. From January 2018 to November 2019 she served as CEO of 
Wag!, the country's largest on-demand mobile dog walking and dog care service. Prior to 
that, Ms. Schneider served as the CEO of LifeLock, Inc., a leading provider of identity 
theft protection, identity risk assessment, and fraud protection services, a position she held 
from March 2016 until the acquisition of LifeLock by Symantec in February 2017. From 
September 2012 to February 2016, she served as the President of LifeLock, Inc. From 
March  2010  to  November  2010,  Ms.  Schneider  served  as  Executive  Vice  President  at 
Yahoo! Americas. She joined Yahoo! in September 2006 when she led the company’s 
U.S. region, Global Partner Solutions and Local Markets and Commerce divisions. Prior 
to joining Yahoo!, she held senior leadership roles at Knight Ridder, Inc., from April 2002 
to  January  2005,  including  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Knight  Ridder  Digital  before 
moving to co-manage the company's overall newspaper and online business. From 2000 
to 2002, Ms. Schneider served as President and CEO of Red Herring Communications. 
She  also  held  numerous  roles  at  Times  Mirror  from  1990  through  2000,  including 
President and CEO of Times Mirror Interactive and General Manager of the Baltimore 
Sun. Ms. Schneider serves on the board of directors of DigitalOcean, Inc., a cloud-based 
service  provider,  Getty  Images,  Inc.  a  visual  media  company,  Water.org,  a  non-profit 
organization, and the American Journalism Project, a local news venture philanthropy. 
Ms. Schneider was also previously a member of the board of directors of LifeLock, Inc. 
and SendGrid, Inc. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

HILARY A. SCHNEIDER 
Age – 62 

Strategic Advisor to the Board of 
Directors, 
Shutterfly, LLC 

Director Since 
March 2010 

Independent 

Committees: 
Compensation 

Current Public Directorships: 
DigitalOcean, Inc. 

•  Leadership  experience—former  CEO  of 

retailer  and 
personalized  products  manufacturer  (Shutterfly,  LLC),  former  CEO  of  an  on-
demand dog walking and dog care company (Wag!), former director, President 
and  CEO  of  large  public  identity  and  fraud  protection  company  (LifeLock); 
leadership positions at large public global technology company (Yahoo!) 

leading  digital 

• 

Industry and Marketing experience—former president and CEO of large public 
identity and fraud protection company (LifeLock); leadership positions at large 
public  global  technology  company (Yahoo!);  former  director of  a  SaaS-based 
multi-channel engagement platform (SendGrid); senior advisor to large private 
equity investment firm (TPG) 

15 

 
 
 
Director Nominee 

D. BRUCE SEWELL 
Age – 65 

Former Senior Vice President, 
General Counsel & Secretary 
Apple Inc. 

Director Since 
January 2013 

Lead Independent Director 
Since June 2019 

Independent 

Committees: 
Audit, Executive, 
Nominating & Governance 
(Chair) 

Current Public Directorships: 
C3.ai, Inc. 

intellectual  property, 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 
From  September  2009  until  December  2017,  Mr.  Sewell  was  Senior  Vice  President, 
General  Counsel  and  Secretary  of  Apple  Inc.,  overseeing  all  legal  matters  for  Apple, 
litigation,  and  securities 
including  corporate  governance, 
compliance, as well as global security operations, privacy, and encryption. Prior to joining 
Apple, Mr. Sewell served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel of Intel Corporation 
from 2005 to 2009. He also served as Intel’s Vice President, General Counsel from 2004 
to 2005 and Vice President of Legal and Government Affairs, Deputy General Counsel 
from 2001 to 2004. Prior to joining Intel in 1995 as a senior attorney, Mr. Sewell was a 
partner  in  the  law  firm  of  Brown  and  Bain  PC.  He  currently  serves  on  the  board  of 
directors  and  as  chair  for  the  nominating  &  governance  committee  of  C3.ai,  Inc.,  an 
enterprise artificial intelligence software company, and serves on the board of Clearco, a 
privately held growth capital technology company. Mr. Sewell also serves on the board 
of  Village  Enterprise,  a  charitable  organization  focusing  on  training  and  creating 
sustainable businesses in Africa, and is the President and Director of Friends of Lancaster 
University in America, a non-profit organization supporting higher education. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership  and  Finance  experience—prior  General  Counsel  of  a  large 
international  public  company  (Apple);  leadership  positions  at  international 
manufacturer of microprocessors and chipsets (Intel) 

•  Technology  and  International  experience—prior  General  Counsel  of 
international  public  mobile  communication,  personal  computer,  software,  and 
international 
media  devices  company  (Apple); 
manufacturer  of  microprocessors  and  chipsets  (Intel);  leadership  position  at 
cloud-based enterprise Platform as a Service (PaaS) for deployment of big data, 
AI & IoT software applications (C3.ai) 

leadership  positions  at 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Director Nominee 

JOHN F. SORTE 
Age – 76 

Executive Chairman, 
Morgan Joseph 
TriArtisan Group Inc. 

Director Since 
January 1993 

Independent 

Committees: 
Audit (Chair), Compensation, 
Nominating & Governance, 
Executive 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 
Mr. Sorte is Executive Chairman of Morgan Joseph TriArtisan Group Inc., a merchant 
bank.  Prior  to  co-founding  Morgan  Joseph  in  2001,  he  was  President  of  New  Street 
Advisors  L.P.  He  previously  held  various  positions  at  Drexel  Burnham  Lambert, 
including  Head  of  the  Energy  Group,  Co-head  of  Investment  Banking,  and  Chief 
Executive Officer and member of the board of directors. Mr. Sorte started his career as an 
investment banker at Shearson Hammill. Mr. Sorte also serves on the board of directors 
of Shorts International Ltd. and previously served on the board of directors of Autotote 
Corp. and Westpoint Stevens Inc., as well as several private companies and non-profit 
organizations. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership  and  Finance  experience—Executive  Chairman  of  merchant  bank 
(Morgan  Joseph);  former  President  of  private  equity  firm  (New  Street);  prior 
leadership positions at global investment bank (Drexel) 

• 

International  experience—Executive  Chairman  of  merchant  bank  with 
international  operations  (Morgan  Joseph);  prior  leadership  positions  at  global 
investment bank (Drexel) 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
Director Nominee 

PETER A. VAUGHN 
Age – 59 

Founder & Managing Director, 
Vaughn Advisory Group, LLC 

Director Since 
June 2013 

Independent 

Committees: 
Audit, Nominating & Governance 

Business Experience, Other Directorships and Qualifications 
Mr. Vaughn is the Founding and Managing Director of the Vaughn Advisory Group, LLC, 
a privately held company providing advisory and consulting services on global marketing, 
brand strategy, business strategy, organizational effectiveness, and executive coaching. 
Since  October  2021,  he  has  also  served  as  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology in Queens, New York. From July 2018 
to January 2020, Mr. Vaughn served as Chief Experience Officer of Avenues: The World 
School, a privately held, for-profit global network of independent schools headquartered 
in  New  York.  From  January  2013  through  November  2014,  he  was  the  Senior  Vice 
President of International  Consumer  Products  and  Marketing of  the American  Express 
Company,  providing  strategic  marketing  leadership  for  the  company’s  consumer  card-
issuing and network businesses in over 160 countries worldwide, with a focus on product 
line strategy, benefit sourcing and management, product innovation, brand management, 
communications,  and  advertising.  Previously,  he  held  several  senior  marketing  roles 
within  American  Express,  including  serving  as  Chief  Marketing  Officer  of  Global 
Network  Services  from  2011  to  January  2013,  Senior  Vice  President  of  Global  Brand 
Management from 2005 to 2011, Vice President of Marketing for the Travelers Cheque 
and Prepaid Services Group from 2002 to 2004, Vice President and General Manager of 
Lending for the Small Business Division in 2001, and Vice President of Acquisition and 
Advertising for Small Business Services from 1999 to 2001. From 1994 to 1999, he held 
several  positions  overseas  in  the  Consumer  Services  Group  of  American  Express, 
including  Vice  President  of  International  Product  Development,  European  Head  of 
Revolving Credit and Lending, and Senior Director of European Product Development. 
Mr. Vaughn joined American Express in 1992, acting as Director of Marketing for the 
Consumer Financial Services Group. 

Key Skills and Qualifications: 

•  Leadership  and  International  experience—former  senior  global  marketing 
positions and senior business leader in multiple business lines at a global, public 
financial  services  company  (American  Express);  executive  of  global  school 
network (Avenues) 

•  Marketing  and  Finance  experience—principal  of privately-held  global brand 
strategy  and  marketing  company  (Vaughn  Advisory  Group);  former  senior 
global marketing positions and senior business leader in multiple business lines 
with  operational  marketing  and  profit/loss  responsibility  at  a  global,  public 
financial  services  company  (American  Express);  former  senior  executive  of  a 
global private school network (Avenues) 

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF EACH OF THE 
NOMINEES NAMED ABOVE. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s executive officers, as well as additional information with respect to such persons, are set forth below: 

MANAGEMENT 

Name 

Age 

Position 

Kirsten A. Lynch 

Angela A. Korch 

Bill Rock 

David T. Shapiro 

Gregory J. Sullivan 

55 

44 

58 

53 

52 

Chief Executive Officer 

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

President - Mountain Division 

Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 

Executive Vice President, Retail/Rental & Hospitality 

For biographical information about Ms. Lynch, see “Director Nominees” above. 

Angela A. Korch has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since December 2022. Ms. Korch rejoined the 
Company from CorePower Yoga, where she served as Chief Financial Officer from May 2020 through December 2022. Ms. Korch 
originally joined the Company in 2010 and held several successive leadership roles, including Vice President of Corporate & Mountain 
Finance. During her tenure, Ms. Korch managed financial and capital allocation strategies, transformed core processes, and played an 
integral role in the integration of 32 mountain resorts. Prior to working at the Company, Ms. Korch was an Assistant Portfolio Manager 
at Muzinich & Company. She earned her MBA in finance from the NYU Stern School of Business, is a CFA charter holder, and has an 
undergraduate degree in applied economics and business management from Cornell University. 

Bill Rock has served as the President of the Mountain Division since May 2023. Prior thereto, Mr. Rock served as Company’s 
Executive Vice President of Mountain Operations from June 2021 to May 2023, and from September 2019 until June 2021 served as 
Senior  Vice  President  and  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  region  with  oversight  responsibility  for  Vail  Mountain, 
Beaver Creek, Breckenridge, Keystone and Crested Butte in Colorado as well as Park City Mountain in Utah. Prior to this role, Mr. 
Rock was Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Park City Mountain, a role he began in October 2014. After joining the 
Company as the Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Northstar California Resort in 2010, Mr. Rock oversaw operations for 
the Company’s three resorts in the Tahoe region. Mr. Rock started his career in the mountain resort industry in 1996 at Bristol Mountain 
in New York as Director of Marketing and subsequently held several leadership roles in the industry. 

David  T. Shapiro has  served  as  Executive Vice  President,  General  Counsel  and  Secretary  since  July  2015.  Prior  to  joining  the 
Company,  Mr.  Shapiro  served  as  General  Counsel  and  Senior  Vice  President  for  DaVita  Kidney  Care,  a  division  of  DaVita  Inc., 
overseeing all aspects of the division’s legal work. Mr. Shapiro joined DaVita in 2008, serving as Senior Vice President and Chief 
Special Counsel from 2012 to 2013 and as Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer from 2008 to 2012. From 2003 to 2007, 
he served as a trial attorney for the U.S. Department of Justice’s Civil Frauds Section in Washington, D.C. and, prior to that, in private 
practice at law firms in Connecticut, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. Mr. Shapiro currently serves as a member of the board of 
trustees for Colorado Academy, and is Chair of the Risk Committee. He has previously served on other private and non-profit boards, 
including the Children's Hospital Colorado, the Denver Public School Foundation, and the Denver Metro Chamber of Commerce. 

Gregory J. Sullivan was appointed Executive Vice President of Retail and Hospitality in October 2022, after serving as Senior Vice 
President of Retail and Hospitality since June 2021. Mr. Sullivan joined the Company in September 2016 as Chief Operating Officer of 
Rental and Retail. Prior to joining Vail Resorts, Mr. Sullivan was the Senior Vice President of Global Business Transformation at Crocs, 
Inc.  and  before  that  he  held  numerous  roles  in  a  20-year  career  with  Walmart,  culminating  as  a  Division  President,  overseeing  the 
Southeast Division based in Atlanta. Mr. Sullivan has previously served on the board of directors for SOS Outreach and as a council 
member of Executive Leadership Development for the American Diabetes Association.

19 

 
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF DIRECTORS AND 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 

Set forth in the following table is the beneficial ownership of common stock at the close of business on October 10, 2023 for all 

directors, nominees, named executive officers, and all directors and executive officers as a group as of such date. 

Name of Beneficial Owner 
Susan L. Decker 
Nadia Rawlinson 
John T. Redmond 
Michele Romanow 
Hilary A. Schneider 
D. Bruce Sewell 
John F. Sorte 
Peter A. Vaughn 
Robert A. Katz 
Angela A. Korch  
Kirsten A. Lynch 
Michael Z. Barkin 

Ryan Bennett 

James C. O’Donnell 
David T. Shapiro 
Directors and current executive officers as 
a group (14 persons) 

____________________ 

* Less than 1.0%. 

Common Stock 
Beneficially Owned 

Shares 
7,077 
3,330 
21,542 
6,023 
17,364 
19,843 
45,750 
8,592 
271,880(2)
0 
38,403(3)
14,303 

2,162 
8,483 
6,704 

Percent of Class(1) 

* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

* 
* 
* 

456,676(4)

1.2% 

(1)  Applicable  percentages  are  based  on  38,090,029  shares  outstanding  on  October  10,  2023,  adjusted  as  required  by  rules  promulgated  by  the  SEC.  Unless 
indicated by footnote, the address for each listed director and executive officer is c/o Vail Resorts, Inc., 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, Colorado 80021. 
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. 
Except as indicated by footnote, the person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially 
owned by them. 

The number of shares of common stock outstanding used in calculating the percentage for each listed person includes the restricted share units, or RSUs, and 
common stock underlying share appreciation rights, or SARs, held by that person that are currently exercisable or are exercisable within 60 days of October 
10, 2023, but excludes RSUs and our common stock underlying SARs held by any other person. 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Includes 27,386 shares of common stock underlying 202,827 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $212.76 the closing price of our common stock on October 
10, 2023).   

Includes 8,349 shares of common stock underlying 101,463 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $212.76, the closing price of our common stock on October 
10, 2023). 

Includes 38,346 shares of common stock underlying 382,764 SARs (assuming a fair market value of $212.76 the closing price of our common stock on October 
10, 2023).   

20 

 
 
 
 
 
INFORMATION AS TO CERTAIN STOCKHOLDERS 

Set forth below is certain information with respect to the only persons known to the Company to be the beneficial owners of more 

than five percent of the Company’s voting securities at the close of business on October 10, 2023. 

Name of Beneficial Owner 
Ronald Baron/Baron Capital Management, Inc. (2) 
The Vanguard Group, Inc. (3) 
BlackRock, Inc. (4) 
Select Equity Group, L.P. (5)  
APG Asset Management US Inc. (6) 

Common Stock 
Beneficially Owned 

Shares 
4,309,980 
3,905,848 
4,639,362 
2,612,048 
2,139,550 

Percent of Class(1) 
11.3% 
10.3% 
12.2% 
6.9% 
5.6% 

____________________ 

(1)  Applicable percentages are based on 38,090,029 shares outstanding on October 10, 2023. 

(2)  As reported by Baron Capital Group, Inc. (“BCG”), BAMCO Inc. (“BAMCO”), Baron Capital Management Inc. (“BCM”), Baron Growth Fund (“BGF”) and 
Ronald Baron and on a joint Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 14, 2023. BAMCO and BCM are subsidiaries of BCG. BGF is an advisory client 
of BAMCO. Ronald Baron owns a controlling interest in BCG. The address for the holders is 767 Fifth Avenue, 49th Floor, New York, NY 10153. 

(3)  As reported by The Vanguard Group on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on July 10, 2023. The address for the holder is 100 Vanguard Blvd, Malvern, 

PA 19355. 

(4)  As reported by BlackRock, Inc. on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on October 6, 2023. The address for the holder is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 

10001. 

(5)  As reported by Select Equity Group, L.P. (“Select LP”) and George S. Loening, who is the majority owner of Select LP and managing member of its general 
partner, on a joint Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 14, 2023. The address for the holders is 380 Lafayette Street, New York, New York 10003.  

(6)  As reported by APG Asset Management US Inc. (“APG US”) on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on January 12, 2023. APG Asset Management, N.V. 
(“APG NL”) is wholly-owned by APG Groep, N.V. (“APG Groep”) and is the investment manager with respect to the securities to which this statement relates. 
Pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement, APG NL has delegated its investment and voting power with respect to such securities to APG US, which 
is its wholly-owned subsidiary. Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP is the majority owner of APG Groep. The address for the holder is 666 3rd Ave, New York, NY 
10017. 

21 

 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

The  Board  acts  as  the ultimate  decision-making body of  the  Company, except  for  those  matters  reserved  to or  shared with  the 
Company’s stockholders. The Board selects, advises, and oversees our management, who are responsible for the day-to-day operations 
and administration of the Company. The Board has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines which, along with the charters of each 
of the committees of the Board and the Company’s Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, which we refer to as the Code of Ethics, 
provide the framework for the governance of the Company. A complete copy of the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, the 
charters of the Board committees and the Code of Ethics for directors, officers and employees may be found in the “Governance” section 
of the Company’s website at investors.vailresorts.com.  

BOARD LEADERSHIP AND LEAD INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR 

Currently, the positions of Chairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company are held by separate persons, 
with Mr. Katz serving as our Executive Chairperson of the Board and Ms. Lynch serving as Chief Executive Officer. Both Mr. Katz and 
Ms. Lynch are considered non-independent directors. When the Chairperson of the Board is a non-independent director, the independent 
directors elect an independent director to serve in a lead capacity. Accordingly, Mr. Sewell serves as our Lead Independent Director, or 
Lead Director. 

The Board believes that two leaders serving as Executive Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer, together with an experienced 
and engaged Lead Director, is the most appropriate leadership structure for the Board at this time. This structure results in two leaders 
being directly accountable to the Board and, through the Board, to stockholders. Specific duties of the Executive Chairperson and the 
Lead Director are: 

EXECUTIVE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD 

LEAD DIRECTOR 

•  Advising  and  supporting  the  CEO  and  other  executives 

on long-term strategy and key strategic decisions; 
•  Providing  regular  feedback  to  the  CEO  on  their 

performance; 

•  Presiding  over  meetings  of  the  Board  at  which  the 
Executive Chairperson is not present, including executive 
sessions of independent directors; 

•  Having  the  authority  to  call  meetings  of  the 

•  Engaging  in  select,  key  strategic  projects  and 

independent directors; 

initiatives; 

•  Setting the agenda for Board meetings with the Lead 

Director and the CEO; 

•  Having  the  authority  to  call  special  meetings  of  the 
the 

Board  and  such  other  duties  assigned 
Chairperson under the Company’s Bylaws; 

to 

•  Serving as the presiding director for purposes of all rights 
and  duties  assigned  to  the  presiding  director  under  the 
Company’s  Bylaws,  including  the  right  to  call  special 
meetings of the Board; 

•  Serving as principal liaison on Board-wide issues between 
the independent directors and the Executive Chairperson; 

•  Serving  as  a  liaison  between  the  Board  and  Senior 

•  Approving  meeting  agendas  and  meeting 

Management; 

schedules for the Board; 

•  Monitoring  the  content,  quality,  and  timeliness  of 

information sent to the Board; 

•  Acting as a source of institutional knowledge; and 
•  Being  available  to  the  Board  and  the  CEO  for 

additional responsibilities as may be needed. 

•  Serving  as  the  point  of  contact  for  communications  from 
stockholders or other interested parties directed to the Lead 
Director or the non-management directors or the Board as a 
group; and 

•  Such  other  duties  as  set  forth  in  the  Charter  of  the  Lead 
Independent  Director  (attached  as  Appendix  A  to  the 
Corporate Governance Guidelines). 

MEETINGS OF THE BOARD 

The Board held a total of four meetings during fiscal 2023. Each of our then-serving directors attended 100% of the meetings held 
by the Board and Board committees on which he or she served during the fiscal year. In accordance with our Corporate Governance 
Guidelines, directors are invited and encouraged to attend our annual meeting of stockholders. All of our then-serving directors attended 
our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders. 

22 

 
 
 
 
EXECUTIVE SESSIONS 

The  non-management  directors’  practice  is  to  meet  in  executive  session  following  the  conclusion  of  each  regularly  scheduled 
quarterly  Board  meeting  to  discuss  such  matters  as  they  deem  appropriate  and,  at  least  once  a  year,  to  review  the  Compensation 
Committee’s annual review of the Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Chairperson. These executive sessions are chaired by the 
Lead  Director.  Interested  parties,  including  our  stockholders,  may  communicate  with  the  Lead  Director  and  the  non-management 
directors by following the procedures under the heading “Communications with the Board” below. 

DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS 

The Nominating & Governance Committee considers and recommends candidates for election to the Board. The Nominating & 
Governance Committee also considers candidates for election to the Board, if any, that are submitted by stockholders. Each member of 
the Nominating & Governance Committee participates in the review and discussion of director candidates. In addition, members of the 
Board who are not on the Nominating & Governance Committee may meet with and evaluate the suitability of candidates. In making 
its selections of candidates to recommend for election, the Nominating & Governance Committee seeks persons who have achieved 
prominence in their field and who possess significant experience in areas of importance to the Company. The minimum qualifications 
that the Nominating & Governance Committee believes must be met for a candidate to be nominated include independence, wisdom, 
integrity,  understanding  and  general  acceptance  of  the  Company’s  corporate  philosophy,  business  or  professional  knowledge  and 
experience  that  can  bear  on  the  Company’s  and  the  Board’s  challenges  and  deliberations,  proven  record  of  accomplishment  with 
excellent  organizations,  inquiring  mind,  willingness  to  speak  one’s  mind,  ability  to  challenge  and  stimulate  management,  future 
orientation, willingness to commit time and energy, diversity and international/global experience. In general, directors are expected to 
retire from the Board at the conclusion of the term in which they reach age 72, unless otherwise recommended for nomination by the 
Nominating & Governance Committee, which the Nominating & Governance Committee determined to do with respect to Mr. Sorte, 
who has attained the age of 76, particularly in light of his knowledge of and experience with the Company as well as his financial 
acumen. 

Stockholders  who  wish  to  submit  candidates  for  consideration  by  the  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  for  election  at  an 
annual or special meeting of stockholders should submit the candidate’s name and qualifications, including the candidate’s consent to 
serve  as  a  director  of  the  Company  if  nominated  by  the  Committee  and  so  elected,  by  mail  to:  Secretary,  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  390 
Interlocken  Crescent,  Broomfield,  Colorado  80021.  The  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  applies  the  same  standards  in 
considering  candidates  submitted  by  stockholders  as  it  does  in  evaluating  candidates  submitted  by  members  of  the  Board.  The 
Nominating & Governance Committee recommended the nominees for election at this year’s annual meeting. 

DETERMINATIONS REGARDING INDEPENDENCE 

Under  the  Company’s  Corporate  Governance  Guidelines,  a  majority  of  the  Board  must  be  comprised  of  directors  who  are 
independent,  as  determined  based  on  the  independence  standards  of  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange's  (“NYSE”)  Listed  Company 
Manual. In accordance with our Corporate Governance Guidelines and the NYSE’s listing standards, the Board has adopted categorical 
standards of director independence to assist it in making determinations of independence of Board members. These categorical standards 
of  director  independence  are  available  in  the  “Governance”  section  of  the  Company’s  website  under  “Governance  Documents”  at 
investors.vailresorts.com. The Board has affirmatively determined that each of the nominees, other than Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch, is 
“independent”  under  the  NYSE’s  listing  standards  and  the  categorical  standards  of  director  independence  adopted  by  the  Board. 
Information on our website does not constitute part of this document. 

COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD 

The Board has adopted a formal process by which interested parties, including our stockholders, may communicate with the Board, 
the  Lead  Director,  or  the  non-management  directors  as  a  group.  This  information  is  available  in  the  “Governance”  section  of  the 
Company’s website under “Governance Documents” at investors.vailresorts.com. Information on our website does not constitute part 
of this document. 

CODE OF ETHICS AND BUSINESS CONDUCT 

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees, including its chief executive officer, 
chief financial officer, chief accounting officer and controller, or persons performing similar functions. We make the Code of Ethics 
available  to  all  directors,  officers,  and  employees,  and  convey  our  expectation  that  every  director,  officer,  and  employee  read  and 
understand the Code of Ethics and its application to the performance of each such person’s business responsibilities. Our Code of Ethics 
uses a principles-based guideline to alert directors, officers, and employees to potential conflicts of interest. Under the Code of Ethics, 
a conflict of interest occurs when an individual’s personal, social, financial, or political interests conflict with his or her loyalty to the 
Company. Our policy under the Code of Ethics provides that even the appearance of a conflict of interest where none actually exists can 
be damaging and should be avoided. If any person believes a conflict of interest is present in a personal activity, financial transaction, 

23 

 
or business dealing involving the Company, then that person is instructed under the Code of Ethics to report such belief to an appropriate 
individual or department as identified in the Code of Ethics. 

The  Code  of  Ethics  is  available  in  the  “Governance”  section  of  the  Company’s  website  under  “Governance  Documents”  at 
investors.vailresorts.com. In the event the Company amends or waives any of the provisions of the Code of Ethics applicable to our 
chief executive officer, chief financial officer, or chief accounting officer and controller that relates to any element of the definition of 
“code of ethics” enumerated in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange 
Act”), the Company intends to disclose these actions on its website. Information on our website does not constitute part of this document. 

RISK MANAGEMENT 

The Board believes that oversight of the Company’s overall risk management program is the responsibility of the entire Board and 
views risk management as an important part of the Company’s overall strategic planning process. The Board has delegated the regular 
oversight of the elements of the risk management program to the Audit Committee, and the Board receives periodic updates on individual 
areas of risk from the Audit Committee or members of senior management, as appropriate. The Board also periodically schedules a risk 
management agenda item for regular Board meetings, during which the Audit Committee or members of senior management report to 
and informs the Board of its risk management oversight activities. Senior management reports directly to the Audit Committee at each 
scheduled Audit Committee meeting and additionally as needed on the status of the Company’s risk management program. Specifically, 
cybersecurity has been identified as a critical part of risk management at the Company. The Company has a dedicated team that is 
responsible  for  leading  enterprise-wide  information  security  strategy,  policy,  standards,  architecture,  and  processes.  Cybersecurity 
oversight consists of the Audit Committee receiving quarterly updates from the Chief Information Officer regarding major cyber risk 
areas and recommended actions to address those risks. 

The Audit Committee has established an internal audit function to provide management and the Board with ongoing assessments 
of  the  Company’s  risk  management  processes  and  systems  of  internal  control.  In  addition,  as  part  of  its  responsibilities,  the  Audit 
Committee inquires of management and our independent auditors about the Company’s processes for identifying and assessing such 
risks and exposures and the steps management has taken to minimize such risks and exposures to the Company. The Audit Committee 
also reviews the Company’s guidelines and policies that govern the processes for identifying and assessing significant risks or exposures 
and for formulating and implementing steps to minimize such risks and exposures to the Company. 

SUSTAINABILITY EFFORTS 

The Company’s resorts operate in some of the world’s greatest natural environments, and accordingly environmental stewardship 
is a core philosophy for the Company. In 2017, the Company launched its Commitment to Zero, a pledge to have a zero net operating 
footprint by 2030. This commitment includes achieving (i) zero net emissions by finding operational energy efficiencies, investing in 
renewable energy, and investing in offsets and other emissions reduction projects, (ii) zero waste to landfills by diverting 100 percent 
of waste from the Company’s operations, and (iii) zero net operating impact to forests and habitat by restoring an acre of forest for every 
acre displaced by the Company’s operations. Performance against these objectives and targets is routinely monitored, and details on the 
Company’s 
at 
be 
can 
epicpromise.com/environment/commitment-to-zero/. Information on this website does not constitute part of this document. 

our  EpicPromise 

Progress  Report 

performance 

against 

found 

goals 

these 

in 

COMPENSATION RISK ASSESSMENT 

The  Compensation  Committee,  with  the  assistance  of  our  independent  compensation  consultant,  reviewed  the  material 
compensation policies and practices for all employees, including executive officers. The Compensation Committee considered whether 
the compensation program encouraged excessive risk taking by employees at the expense of long-term Company value. Based upon its 
assessment, the Compensation Committee believes that the Company’s compensation program, which includes a mix of annual and 
long-term incentives, cash and equity awards, and retention incentives, does not present risks that are reasonably likely to have a material 
adverse effect on the Company. 

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD 

The  Board  has  a  standing  Audit  Committee,  Compensation  Committee,  Executive  Committee,  and  Nominating  &  Governance 
Committee. The charters for each of these committees, which have been approved by the Board, are available in the “Governance” 
section  of  the  Company’s  website  under  “Committee  Charters”  at  investors.vailresorts.com.  Following  is  a  description  of  each 
committee  of  the  Board.  Each  of  the  committees  has  authority  to  engage  legal  counsel  or  other  experts  or  consultants,  as  it  deems 
appropriate to carry out its responsibilities. Information on our website does not constitute part of this document. 

24 

 
The Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee is primarily concerned with the effectiveness of the Company’s independent registered public accounting 
firm, accounting policies and practices, financial reporting, and internal controls. The Audit Committee acts pursuant to its charter, and 
is  authorized  and  directed,  among  other  things,  to:  (1)  appoint,  retain,  compensate,  evaluate,  and  terminate,  as  appropriate,  the 
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm; (2) approve all audit engagement fees and terms, as well as all permissible 
non-audit  service  engagements  with  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm;  (3)  discuss  with  management  and  the 
independent registered public accounting firm and meet to review the Company’s annual audited financial statements and quarterly 
financial  statements,  including  reviewing  the  Company’s  disclosures  under  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition  and  Results of Operations”  in  the  Company’s annual  and quarterly  reports filed with  the SEC;  (4)  review reports by  the 
independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  describing  its  internal  quality  control  procedures  and  all  relationships  between  the 
Company, or individuals in financial reporting oversight roles at the Company, and the independent registered public accounting firm; 
(5)  establish  procedures,  as  required  under  applicable  law,  for  the  receipt,  retention,  and  treatment  of  complaints  received  by  the 
Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, or auditing matters and the confidential and anonymous submission by 
employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; (6) monitor the rotation of partners of the independent 
auditors  on  the  Company’s  audit  engagement  team  as  required  by  law;  (7)  review  and  approve  or  reject  transactions  between  the 
Company and any related persons in accordance with the Company’s Related Party Transactions Policy; (8) confer with management 
and the independent auditors regarding the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; (9) oversee management’s efforts 
to monitor compliance with the Company’s programs and policies designed to ensure adherence to applicable laws and regulations and 
the Company’s Code of Ethics; (10) annually prepare a report as required by the SEC to be included in the Company’s annual proxy 
statement; and (11) discuss policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management. 

The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Sorte, Chair, and Messrs. Redmond, Sewell, and Vaughn. The Board has determined 
that each of Messrs. Redmond, Sorte, and Sewell qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in the SEC’s rules and 
regulations adopted pursuant to the Exchange Act, and that all of the members of the Audit Committee are “independent” as defined by 
the NYSE’s listing standards and the rules of the SEC applicable to audit committee members. The Audit Committee held four meetings 
during fiscal 2023. 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

Management is responsible for the Company’s accounting practices, internal control over financial reporting, the financial reporting 
process,  and  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  is 
responsible for performing an independent audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards 
of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or the PCAOB. The Audit Committee’s responsibility is to monitor and oversee 
these processes. 

In this context, the Audit Committee has met and held discussions with management and the Company’s independent registered 
public accounting firm. Management represented to the Audit Committee that the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the 
fiscal  year  ended  July  31,  2023  were  prepared  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  The  Audit  Committee 
reviewed  and  discussed  the  consolidated  financial  statements  with  management  and  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm, including a discussion of the quality of the accounting principles, the reasonableness of significant judgments, the 
clarity of disclosures in the financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting. The Audit Committee further discussed with the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm the 
matters  required  to  be  discussed  under  the  rules  adopted  by  the  PCAOB,  as  well  as  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm’s opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm also provided to the Audit Committee the written disclosures and 
letter  required  by  applicable  requirements  of  the  PCAOB  regarding  the  independent  accountants’  communications  with  the  Audit 
Committee concerning independence, and the Audit Committee discussed with the Company’s independent registered public accounting 
firm,  and  were  satisfied  with,  that  firm’s  independence  from  the  Company  and  its  management.  The  Audit  Committee  has  also 
considered whether the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm’s provision of non-audit services to the Company is 
compatible with the auditors’ independence. 

The Audit Committee discussed with the Company’s internal auditor and independent registered public accounting firm the overall 
scope and plans for their respective audits. The Audit Committee meets with the Company’s independent registered public accounting 
firm,  with  and  without  management  present,  to  discuss  the  results  of  their  examination,  their  evaluation  of  the  Company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting, and the overall quality of the Company’s financial reporting. In addition, the Audit Committee meets 
with  the  internal  auditor,  with  and  without  management  present,  to  discuss  the  results  of  their  examination  and  evaluation  of  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Audit Committee has also reviewed and discussed Company policies with 
respect to risk assessment and risk management. 

25 

 
Based upon the Audit Committee’s discussion with management and the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm 
referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the Company’s audited financial statements as of and for the 
fiscal year ended July 31, 2023 be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023 for 
filing with the SEC. 

Audit Committee  
John F. Sorte, Chair 
John T. Redmond 
D. Bruce Sewell 
Peter A. Vaughn 

26 

 
 
The Compensation Committee 

The Compensation Committee acts pursuant to its charter and is authorized and directed, among other things, to: (1) review and 
approve corporate goals and objectives relevant to the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, evaluate the Chief Executive Officer’s 
performance in light of those goals and objectives (including the Chief Executive Officer’s performance in fostering a culture of ethics 
and integrity), and, either as a committee or together with the other independent directors (as directed by the Board), determine and 
approve  the  Chief  Executive  Officer’s  compensation  level  based  on  this  evaluation;  (2)  review  the  performance  of,  make 
recommendations (where appropriate) with respect to, and approve the total compensation for the executive officers of the Company 
other than the CEO, including any proposed severance arrangements or change in control and similar agreements/provisions, and any 
amendments, supplements, or waivers to the foregoing agreements; (3) oversee the Company’s overall compensation structure, policies, 
and programs for executive officers and employees, including assessing the incentives and risks arising from or related to the Company’s 
compensation programs and plans, and assessing whether the incentives and risks are appropriate; (4) review and approve the Company’s 
incentive  compensation  and  equity-based  plans  and  approve  changes  to  such  plans,  in  each  case  subject,  where  appropriate,  to 
stockholder or Board approval, and review and approve issuances of equity securities to employees of the Company; (5) review and 
recommend to the Board annual retainer and meeting fees for non-employee members of the Board and committees of the Board, fix 
the terms and awards of stock compensation for such members of the Board and determine the terms, if any, upon which such fees may 
be deferred; (6) produce a compensation committee report on executive officer compensation as required by the SEC, after the committee 
reviews and discusses with management the Company’s Compensation Discussion and Analysis, or “CD&A,” and consider whether to 
recommend that it be included in the Company’s proxy statement or Annual Report; and (7) consider and recommend to the Board the 
frequency of the Company’s advisory vote on executive compensation. 

The members of the Compensation Committee are Ms. Rawlinson, Chair, Mses. Decker, Romanow, and Schneider and Mr. Sorte. 
The  Board  has  determined  that  all  members  of  the  Compensation  Committee  are  “independent”  as  defined  by  the  NYSE’s  listing 
standards.  In  addition,  the  Compensation  Committee  consists  of  “non-employee  directors,”  within  the  meaning  of  Rule  16b-3 
promulgated under the Exchange Act and “outside directors,” within the meaning of regulations promulgated under Section 162(m) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. The Compensation Committee held three meetings 
during fiscal 2023. 

Compensation Committee Processes and Procedures 

The Compensation Committee meets as often as necessary to carry out its responsibilities. The agenda for each meeting is usually 
developed by the Chair of the Compensation Committee, in consultation with the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer 
does not participate in and is not present during any deliberations or determinations of the Compensation Committee regarding her 
compensation or individual performance objectives. The charter of the Compensation Committee grants the Compensation Committee 
sole authority, at the expense of the Company, to retain or to obtain advice from a compensation consultant, legal counsel, or other 
adviser  to  assist  in  the  execution  of  the  Compensation  Committee’s  responsibilities.  The  Compensation  Committee  is  directly 
responsible for the appointment, compensation, and oversight of the work of any consultant or adviser retained and has authority to 
approve  the  fees  and  other  retention  terms.  The  Compensation  Committee  expects  that  it  will  seek  advice  from  independent 
compensation  consultants  as  it  deems  necessary  on  a  periodic  basis,  but  not  necessarily  annually,  in  order  to  determine  that  the 
Company’s compensation programs remain appropriate and consistent with industry practices. Prior to the retention of any compensation 
consultant, legal counsel, or any other external adviser, the Compensation Committee will assess the independence of such adviser from 
management, taking into consideration all factors relevant to such adviser’s independence, including factors specified in the NYSE 
listing standards. 

During fiscal 2023, the Compensation Committee engaged Aon's Human Capital Solutions Practice, a division of Aon plc. (“Aon”), 
a  multinational,  multi-services  insurance  and  consulting  firm  as  its  independent  compensation  consultant.  Aon  was  retained  by  the 
Compensation Committee to review the Company’s executive and Board compensation programs, including an analysis relating to the 
compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and a compensation program risk assessment. 

In  fiscal  2023,  Aon  was  paid  approximately  $133,000  for  these  executive  compensation  consulting  services  provided  to  the 
Compensation Committee. During fiscal 2023, Aon and its affiliates provided insurance services, health benefits, valuation services, 
and  a  pharmacy  coalition  membership.  The  decision  to  engage  Aon  and  its  affiliates  for  these  additional  services  was  made  by 
management as part of the Company’s existing relationship with Aon concerning these services, and was not approved, or required to 
be approved, by the Compensation Committee or the Board. Professional fees for the foregoing additional services in fiscal 2023 were 
approximately $634,000, or 0.005% of Aon's approximately $12.5 billion corporate revenues. The individuals at Aon that advise the 
Compensation Committee on executive compensation matters have no involvement in the other services provided to the Company by 
Aon and its affiliates, and the individuals at Aon advising the Compensation Committee report directly to, and are overseen by, the 
Compensation  Committee.  These  individuals  have  no  other  relationship  with  the  Company  or  management.  The  Compensation 
Committee has assessed the independence of Aon as required by the NYSE listing standards. The Compensation Committee reviewed 
its relationship with Aon and considered all relevant factors, and concluded that there are no conflicts of interest raised by the work 
performed by Aon and its affiliates. 

27 

 
Under its charter, the Compensation Committee may form, and delegate authority to, subcommittees, as appropriate, and the Chief 
Executive Officer has been granted authority to grant certain equity-based awards for hiring incentive grants, correction grants, or grants 
to promoted non-executive employees. The purpose of this delegation of authority is to enhance the flexibility of equity administration 
within the Company and to facilitate the timely grant of equity awards to new or recently promoted non-executive employees within 
specified limits approved by the Compensation Committee. The Chief Executive Officer’s authority to make new hire incentive grants 
is limited by the restrictions established by the Compensation Committee. 

Historically,  the  Compensation  Committee  has  made  adjustments  to  annual  compensation,  determined  annual  cash  and  equity 
awards, and established new performance objectives at one or more meetings held during the first quarter of the fiscal year. However, 
the Compensation Committee also considers matters related to individual compensation, such as compensation for new executive hires, 
at various times as needed throughout the year. Generally, the Compensation Committee’s process comprises two related elements: the 
determination of compensation levels and the establishment of performance objectives for the fiscal year. For executives other than the 
Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  Compensation  Committee  solicits  and  considers  evaluations  and  recommendations  submitted  to  the 
committee by the Chief Executive Officer. The Compensation Committee makes all final determinations regarding these awards, and 
none of our executive officers, including the Chief Executive Officer, are involved in the determination of their own compensation. In 
the  case  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  evaluation  of  her  performance  is  conducted  by  the  Compensation  Committee,  which 
determines any adjustments to her compensation as well as awards to be granted. The non-management directors’ practice is to meet in 
executive session following the Board meeting in September of each year to review and ratify the Compensation Committee’s annual 
review of the Chief Executive Officer. For all executives and directors, as part of its deliberations, the Compensation Committee may 
review and consider, as appropriate, materials such as financial reports and projections, operational data, tax and accounting information, 
tally sheets that set forth the total compensation that may become payable to executives in various hypothetical scenarios, executive and 
director stock ownership information, company stock performance data, analyses of historical executive compensation levels and current 
Company-wide  compensation  levels,  and  recommendations  of  the  Compensation  Committee’s  compensation  consultant,  including 
analyses of executive and director compensation paid at other companies identified by the consultant. 

The specific determinations of the Compensation Committee with respect to executive compensation for fiscal 2023 are described 
in greater detail in the Compensation Discussion & Analysis section of this proxy statement, as well as the narrative disclosure that 
accompanies the Summary Compensation Table and related tables in the Executive Compensation section of this proxy statement. 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation 

During fiscal 2023, no Compensation Committee interlocks existed between the Company and any other entity, meaning none of 
our executive officers currently serves, or has served during the last completed fiscal year, on the compensation committee or board of 
directors of any other entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our Board or Compensation Committee. No 
member of our Compensation Committee has ever been an executive officer or employee of the Company. 

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis contained 
in this Proxy Statement. Based upon this review and discussion, the Compensation Committee has recommended to the Board that the 
Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement and incorporated into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023. 

Compensation Committee 
Nadia Rawlinson, Chair 
Susan L. Decker  
Michele Romanow 
Hilary A. Schneider 
John F. Sorte 

28 

 
 
The Nominating & Governance Committee 

The Nominating & Governance Committee acts pursuant to its charter and is authorized and directed to: (1) review the overall 
composition  of  the  Board;  (2)  actively  seek  individuals  qualified  to  become  Board  members  for  recommendation  to  the  Board;  (3) 
identify and recommend to the Board director nominees for the next annual meeting of stockholders and members of the Board to serve 
on  the  various  committees  of  the  Board;  (4)  oversee  the  evaluation  of  the  performance  of  the  Board  and  oversee  the  annual  self-
evaluation process of the Board and each committee; (5) review and reassess the adequacy of the Corporate Governance Guidelines of 
the Company and recommend any proposed changes to the Board for approval; (6) review and present to the Board individual director 
candidates recommended for the committee’s consideration by stockholders and stockholder nominations for director that are made in 
writing to the Secretary of the Company in compliance with the Company’s Bylaws; and (7) review and present to the Board stockholder 
proposals. The Nominating & Governance Committee also has the authority to retain and terminate any search firm to be used to identify 
candidates and to approve the search firm’s fees and other retention terms. 

The members of the Nominating & Governance Committee are Mr. Sewell, Chair, Mr. Sorte, and Mr. Vaughn. The Board has 
determined that all members of the Nominating & Governance Committee are “independent” as defined by the NYSE’s listing standards. 
The Nominating & Governance Committee held two meetings during fiscal 2023. 

The Executive Committee 

The Executive Committee has all powers and rights necessary to exercise the full authority of the Board during the intervals between 
meetings of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Company, subject to certain limitations set forth in the 
charter of the Executive Committee. For fiscal 2023, the members of the Executive Committee were Messrs. Katz, Sewell, and Sorte 
and Ms. Lynch. The Executive Committee held multiple discussions, but no formal meetings during fiscal 2023. 

29 

 
 
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION FOR FISCAL 2023 

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION 

The following table provides information concerning the compensation of our non-employee directors in fiscal 2023: 

Name(1)
Susan L. Decker(5)
Nadia Rawlinson(6)
John T. Redmond(7)
Michele Romanow(8)
Hilary A. Schneider(9)
D. Bruce Sewell(10)
John F. Sorte(11)
Peter A. Vaughn(12) 

____________________ 

Fees Earned or 
Paid in Cash 
($)(2)

85,000 
95,000 
90,000 
85,000 
85,000 
155,000 
130,000 

100,000 

Stock 
Awards 
($)(3)
220,283 
220,283 
220,283 
220,283 
220,283 
220,283 
220,283 

220,283 

All Other 
Compensation 
($)(4)

— 
12,980 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

14,074 

Total 
($) 
305,283 
328,263 
310,283 
305,283 
305,283 
375,283 
350,283 

334,357 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch are also named executive officers and their compensation is included in the Summary Compensation Table in the “Executive 
Compensation” section of this Proxy Statement. Neither Mr. Katz nor Ms. Lynch receive any additional compensation for their service on the Board. 

Consists  of  non-employee  director  annual  retainers,  and,  if  applicable,  lead  director  fees,  committee  chair  fees,  and  committee  member  fees.  Cash 
compensation paid to each director in fiscal 2023 was as follows: 

Committees 

Audit 

Compensation 

Nominating 
& 
Governance 

Executive 

Committee 
Service 
($) 

Committee 
Service 
($) 

Committee 
Service 
($) 

Committee 
Service 
($) 

— 
— 
15,000 
— 
— 
15,000 
25,000 
15,000  

10,000 
20,000 
— 
10,000 
10,000 
— 
10,000 

            —              — 
—              — 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
10,000 
15,000 
10,000 
10,000 
— 
10,000 

Board of 
Directors 

Board  
Service 

($) 
75,000 
75,000 
75,000 
75,000 
75,000 
115,000 
75,000 
75,000 

Total 
($) 
85,000 
95,000 
90,000 
85,000 
85,000 
155,000 
130,000 
100,000 

Susan L. Decker 
Nadia Rawlinson 
John T. Redmond 
Michele Romanow 
Hilary A. Schneider 
D. Bruce Sewell 
John F. Sorte 
Peter A. Vaughn 

The  amounts  in  this  column  represent  the  aggregate  grant  date  fair  value  of  RSUs  granted  during  fiscal  2023  computed  in  accordance  with 
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718. 

All other compensation for fiscal 2023 includes the following: 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Susan L. Decker 
Nadia Rawlinson 
John T. Redmond 
Michele Romanow 
Hilary A. Schneider 
D. Bruce Sewell 
John F. Sorte 
Peter A. Vaughn 

Charitable 
Donations 
($)(a) 

Company-paid Lodging, Ski 
School Privileges and 
Discretionary Spending on 
Goods and Services 
($)(b) 

Total 
($) 

—  

—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  

—  

—  

12,980 

12,980 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

14,074 

14,074 

(a) 

(b) 

Represents the value of vacation packages donated to charity on behalf of a director under the Company’s charitable donations program. See 
below under “Limited Director Perquisites and Personal Benefits” for a description of this program. 

Represents the amounts reported during fiscal 2023 that were used by a director towards lodging, ski school privileges and discretionary 
spending on services or goods at our properties for personal use under the Company’s Director Perquisite Fund Program. See below under 
“Limited Director  Perquisites and Personal Benefits” for a description of this program.  In accordance with SEC rules, the value of these 
benefits is measured on the basis of the estimated aggregate incremental cost to the Company for providing these benefits, and perquisites 
and personal benefits are not reported for any director for whom such amounts were less than $10,000 in the aggregate for the fiscal year. 

(5) 

(6) 

(7) 

(8) 

(9) 

(10) 

(11) 

(12) 

As of July 31, 2023, Ms. Decker held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Ms. Rawlinson held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Mr. Redmond held and 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Ms. Romanow held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Ms. Schneider held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Mr. Sewell held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Mr. Sorte held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

As of July 31, 2023, Mr. Vaughn held 1,071 unvested RSUs. 

DIRECTOR CASH COMPENSATION 

All of our non-employee directors receive annual cash fees, payable in quarterly installments. The annual cash retainer for each 
Board member is $75,000 and no additional per meeting fees are paid. In addition, the Lead Director of the Board receives an additional 
$40,000 per year and the Chairperson of the Audit Committee receives an additional $25,000 per year. Each other Audit Committee 
member receives an additional $15,000 per year, the Chairperson of the Compensation Committee receives an additional $20,000 per 
year,  the  Chairperson  of  the  Nominating  &  Governance  Committee  receives  an  additional  $15,000  per  year,  and  each  other 
Compensation Committee member and Nominating & Governance Committee member receives an additional $10,000 each per year. 
Members of the Executive Committee receive an additional $10,000 per year. A non-executive Chairperson of the Board would receive 
an additional annual retainer of $50,000, but we currently have an Executive Chairperson, and he is not entitled to this retainer. 

All directors received reimbursement of their reasonable travel expenses in connection with their service.  

DIRECTOR EQUITY COMPENSATION 

The Company provides its non-employee directors with an annual grant of restricted share units (“RSUs”) as determined each year 
by the Compensation Committee. The RSUs vest on the first anniversary of the grant date. For fiscal 2023, each non-employee director 
received RSUs with a grant date value of $220,283, consisting of 1,071 RSUs granted on September 29, 2022. The aggregate grant date 
fair value of these RSUs is set forth under the “Stock Awards” column of the Director Compensation Table and described in footnote 3 
above. 

LIMITED DIRECTOR PERQUISITES AND PERSONAL BENEFITS 

Non-employee  directors  receive  benefits  consisting  of  lodging,  ski  school  privileges  and  discretionary  spending  on  services  or 
goods at our resorts for personal use in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Director Perquisite Fund Program. Each director is 
entitled to an annual $40,000 allowance to be used at the Company’s resorts in accordance with such program, under which directors 
may draw against the account to pay for services or goods at the market rate. Unused funds in each director’s account at the end of each 
fiscal year are forfeited. In accordance with SEC rules, the value of these benefits is measured on the basis of the estimated aggregate 
incremental cost to the Company. For this purpose, perquisites do not include benefits generally available on a non-discriminatory basis 
to all of our employees, such as skiing privileges. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, each year we allow each director to designate one charity as the recipient of a vacation package with a retail value of 
no more than $4,000 and to include only the same array of services that are eligible under the Company’s Director Perquisite Fund 
Program. We also require that the package be given as part of a public event, dinner or auction and that the Company receive appropriate 
credit and marketing presence. 

STOCK OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS 

Each non-employee director must own shares of our common stock equal to the greater of five times his or her annual cash retainer 
for Board service or $375,000 in value within five years of the date such director is elected or appointed to the Board. Directors are not 
permitted to sell any shares of common stock (except to pay the exercise price of a particular equity grant, if any, or taxes generated as 
a result of equity grants) until such time as the ownership guidelines have been satisfied and then only to the extent that such sales do 
not reduce such director’s ownership below the threshold requirement. Shares of common stock, stock owned in a directed retirement 
plan or IRA and the intrinsic value of vested equity grants count as stock ownership for purposes of these guidelines.  

DELINQUENT SECTION 16(a) REPORTS 

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors and executive officers, and persons who beneficially own more than 10% 
of our common stock, to file reports of beneficial ownership and changes in beneficial ownership with the SEC. To our knowledge, 
based solely on a review of the reports filed by or on behalf of our directors and executive officers and written representations from 
these persons that no other reports were required, we believe that during fiscal 2023 our directors, executive officers, and holders of 
more than 10% of our common stock filed the required reports on a timely basis under Section 16(a), except Ms. Decker who did not 
timely report 76 shares gifted in December 2021 due to an administrative error. 

TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS POLICY AND PROCEDURES 

We have adopted a written Related Party Transactions Policy that sets forth the Company’s policies and procedures regarding the 
identification,  review,  consideration  and  approval  of  “related  party  transactions.”  For  purposes  of  our  policy  only,  a  “related  party 
transaction” is a transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance, or guarantee (or any series of similar transactions or 
arrangements) in which the Company and any “related person” are participants involving an amount that exceeds $120,000. Transactions 
involving compensation for services provided to the Company solely in their capacity as an officer or director by a related person are 
not covered by this policy. A related person is any executive officer, director, or more than 5% stockholder of the Company, or any 
immediate family member of an executive officer or director, including any entity in which such persons are an officer or 10% or greater 
equity holder. 

Under  the  policy,  where  a  transaction  has  been  identified  as  a  related  party  transaction,  management  must  present  information 
regarding the proposed related party transaction to the Chairperson of the Audit Committee, the full Audit Committee, or the Board for 
consideration and approval, depending upon the size of the transaction involved. In considering related party transactions, the Audit 
Committee takes into account the fairness of the proposed transaction to the Company and whether the terms of such transaction are at 
least as favorable to the Company as it would receive or be likely to receive from an unrelated third party in a comparable or substantially 
comparable transaction. 

To  ensure  that  our  existing  procedures  are  successful  in  identifying  related  party  transactions,  the  Company  distributed 
questionnaires to its directors and executive officers shortly following the end of the fiscal year which included, among other things, 
inquiries about any transactions they have entered into with us. 

During fiscal 2023 and through the date of this Proxy Statement, there were no related party transactions under the relevant standards 

described above.

32 

 
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

This Compensation Discussion and Analysis, or CD&A, describes our executive compensation program, the various components 
of our program, and the compensation-related decisions made for fiscal 2023 with respect to our named executive officers (“NEOs”). 
For purposes of this CD&A and the compensation tables and narratives that follow, the NEOs for fiscal 2023 were: 

•  Kirsten A. Lynch, Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) 

•  Robert A. Katz, Executive Chairperson  

•  Angela A. Korch, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer1 

•  Michael Z. Barkin, Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer1 

• 

James C. O’Donnell, Former President – Mountain Division2 

•  David T. Shapiro, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 

•  Ryan Bennett, Former Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer3 

1. 

2. 
3. 

Ms. Korch assumed the role of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer as of December 22, 2022, when she succeeded Mr. Barkin 
in the position. 
Effective March 3, 2023, Mr. O’Donnell is no longer with the Company.  
Effective October 20, 2023, Mr. Bennett is no longer with the Company.  

Leadership Transitions 

Angela  A.  Korch  assumed  the  role  of  Executive  Vice  President  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  effective  December  22,  2022, 
succeeding Michael Z. Barkin. Mr. Barkin left after nearly a decade in the role to take time to pursue personal opportunities. Ms. Korch 
previously worked at the Company from 2010 through 2020, and held several successive leadership roles during that time, including 
Vice President of Corporate & Mountain Finance.  

On  March  2,  2023,  the  Company  announced  that  effective  March  3,  2023,  James  C.  O’Donnell  would  no  longer  be  with  the 
Company, and that Bill Rock, the former Executive Vice President, Mountain Operations and Chief Operating Officer of the Rocky 
Mountain region, would assume the role of President of the Mountain Division, effective May 1, 2023. 

On  October  16,  2023,  the  Company  announced  that  effective  October  20,  2023,  Ryan  Bennett  would  no  longer  be  with  the 

Company. 

Company Performance Highlights  

•  Our fiscal 2023 total net revenue increased $363.5 million, or 14.4%, to $2,889.4 million. Net income attributable to Vail 
Resorts, Inc. was $268.1 million for fiscal 2023 compared to net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. of $347.9 million 
for fiscal 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to a large gain on the disposal of fixed assets in the prior year, and 
an increase in fiscal 2023 expense associated with a change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration 
liability related to our Park City resort lease. Resort Reported EBITDA was $834.8 million for fiscal 2023, compared to 
Resort Reported EBITDA of $836.9 million for fiscal 2022.  

•  Through September 22, 2023, our North American ski season pass sales increased approximately 7% in units and 11% in 

sales dollars as compared to the prior year through September 23, 2022. 

•  During  fiscal  2023,  we  made  significant  investments  in  employee  wages  and  benefits  including  (i)  the  increase  of  
minimum  wage  for  North  American  employees  to  $20  per  hour,  (ii)  a  substantial  investment  in  our  human  resource 
department to support more normalized staffing and deliver enhanced employee experience and a new frontline leadership 
development program, (iii) a new mental health program available for all employees, (iv) expanded reproductive care, (v) 

33 

 
 
the establishment of a Flexible Remote Work policy which allows corporate employees to permanently work from any 
state in which we currently operate, and (vi) new employee benefits, including a 40% discount for retail and rental gear.  

•  We achieved normal staffing levels at our mountain resorts for the 2022/2023 North American ski season, which enabled 
our  resorts  to deliver  a  strong guest  experience resulting in  a  significant  improvement  in  guest  satisfaction scores  that 
exceeded pre-COVID levels at our destination mountain resorts.  

•  We have continued to demonstrate the stability and strength of our business model and to execute on our long-term business 

strategies, including: 

o 

In August 2022, we closed on our purchase of a majority stake in Andermatt-Sedrun in Switzerland, marking the 
Company’s first strategic investment in, and opportunity to operate, a ski resort in Europe. 

o  During fiscal 2023, we repurchased approximately 2.2 million shares of our common stock, or 5.4% of shares 
outstanding, at an average price of approximately $229 for a total of $500 million. Additionally, we increased our 
quarterly dividend by approximately 8% during fiscal 2023 to $2.06 per share. 

o  We plan to complete our calendar year 2023 capital plan of $180 million to $185 million, excluding one-time 
investments  related  to  integration  activities,  deferred  capital  associated  with  previously  delayed  projects, 
reimbursable  investments  associated with  insurance recoveries,  and  growth  capital  investments  at  Andermatt-
Sedrun. 

o  We continue to be disciplined stewards of our capital and remain committed to continuous investment in our 
people,  strategic,  high-return  capital  projects,  strategic  acquisition  opportunities,  and  returning  capital  to  our 
stockholders through our quarterly dividend and share repurchase program. 

The leadership and dedication of our executive management team has been essential to delivering these strategic and operational 
achievements. 

Executive Summary of our Compensation Program 

Our  executive  compensation  program,  which  is  grounded  in  the  principle  of  pay-for-performance,  is  intended  to  reward  our 
executive officers for sustained, high-level performance over the short and long-term as demonstrated by measurable, company-wide 
performance metrics and individual contributions that are consistent with our overall growth strategy and achievement of goals. We 
compensate  our  executive  officers  with  a  combination  of  cash  compensation  (in  the  form  of  base  salary  and  annual  cash  incentive 
compensation) and equity awards, as well as a modest amount of benefits and perquisites. Our compensation program has been structured 
to enhance our ability to achieve our short-term and long-term strategic goals and to retain and motivate our executive officers and 
senior management to achieve such goals. 

Our Executive Compensation Program Emphasizes Pay-for-Performance 

The primary objective of our executive compensation program is to emphasize pay-for-performance by incentivizing our executive 

officers to drive superior results and generate stockholder value. We accomplish this objective in the following ways: 

•  Annual Incentive Awards. Our Management Incentive Plan (“MIP”), which provides for the award of annual cash incentive 
compensation, referred to in this CD&A as a “MIP award,” is intended to focus our executive officers on the key corporate 
financial  metrics  that  we  believe  drive  our  best  results.  The  Compensation  Committee  selected  Resort  Reported  EBITDA 
(earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, as reported for our Mountain and Lodging segments combined) 
as the primary performance metric for the MIP. The NEOs’ annual cash incentive fluctuates with our performance and the 
achievement of our annual goals as established by the Compensation Committee.  

•  Long-Term Equity Awards. A significant portion of our NEOs’ total annual compensation opportunity is in the form of long-
term equity incentive compensation, including share appreciation rights (“SARs”) and restricted share units (“RSUs”), which 
generally vest ratably over three years. Value for each of SARs and RSUs fluctuates with our stock price, and SARs only have 
value if the share price exceeds the exercise price. Consistent with of our pay-for-performance philosophy and to align the 
interests  of  our  CEO  with  our  stockholders,  the  Compensation  Committee  made  approximately  50%  of  our  CEO’s  annual 
equity grant in the form of SARs with an exercise price that is 10% greater than the closing price of our common stock on the 

34 

 
grant  date  (“Premium  SARs”).  For  fiscal  2023,  the  Compensation  Committee  granted  Ms.  Lynch  long-term  equity  value 
consisting of approximately 50% Premium SARs and 50% time-based vesting RSUs.  

•  High  Percentage  of  Compensation 

significant  percentage  of  our  NEOs’ 
compensation  is  tied  to  incentives  or  appreciation  in  our  stock  price,  and  as  executive  officers  attain  greater  levels  of 
responsibility, the percentage of their total target compensation that is variable or “at-risk” increases, and the percentage that 
is fixed decreases. Our commitment to emphasizing variable and “at-risk” compensation is illustrated by the following charts 
for fiscal 2023: 

is  Variable  or  “At-Risk.”  A 

CEO Fiscal 2023 Total Target Direct
Compensation

Other NEO Fiscal 2023 Total Target 
Direct 
Compensation (1)

15.4%

15.4%

Base
Salary

Target
Annual
Incentive

Long-
Term
Equity
Incentive

32.9%

55.9%

11.2%

Base
Salary

Target
Annual
Incentive

Long-
Term
Equity
Incentive

69.2%

(1)  Excludes compensation for Mr. Barkin and Mr. O’Donnell. 

Our Executive Compensation Program is Supported by Our Stockholders 

At our annual meeting of stockholders held on December 7, 2022, approximately 97% of the votes cast on the proposal were voted 
in  support  of  the  advisory  resolution  to  approve  the  compensation  of  our  NEOs.  After  considering  the  results  of  this  vote,  the 
Compensation Committee concluded that there is strong stockholder support of our executive compensation program and its emphasis 
on pay-for-performance. As a result, the Compensation Committee determined to maintain the current executive compensation program. 

At our 2017 annual meeting, our stockholders expressed a preference that advisory votes on executive compensation occur every 
year, as recommended by our Board of Directors. Consistent with this preference, our Board of Directors has implemented an advisory 
vote on executive compensation every year. Pursuant to the SEC rules, we are submitting a proposal to stockholders (“Proposal 4”) for 
an  advisory  vote  on  the  frequency  of  future  advisory  votes  on  executive  compensation  in  this  proxy  statement,  and  we  have 
recommended that shareholders vote to continue to hold annual advisory votes on executive compensation. 

Effective Corporate Governance Reinforces Our Executive Compensation Program 

The following features of our executive compensation program are evidence of our commitment to good corporate governance 

practices: 

35 

 
 
 
 
WHAT WE DO 

  WHAT WE DON’T DO 

Annual  Advisory  Vote 
to  Approve  Executive 
Compensation. We provide our stockholders with an annual 
opportunity  to  vote  on  an  advisory  basis  to  approve  the 
compensation  paid  to  our  NEOs  as  disclosed  in  this  Proxy 
Statement. 

Independent  Compensation  Committee.  Our  executive 
compensation  program 
the 
Compensation  Committee,  which 
solely  of 
independent  directors  and  makes  all  final  determinations 
regarding the compensation of our NEOs. 

reviewed  annually  by 
consists 

is 

Significant Portion of Executive Compensation Is Variable 
and  At-Risk.  A  significant  portion  of  our  NEOs’ 
compensation is comprised of elements of variable and at-risk 
compensation that are tied to defined corporate and individual 
performance goals or stock price performance. Our three-year 
average  at-risk  compensation  is  approximately  83.0%  of  our 
CEO’s  total  compensation  and  approximately  69.4%  of  our 
other  NEOs’  total  compensation.  In  addition,  approximately 
50%  of  the  long-term  equity  incentives  granted  to  our  CEO 
each fiscal year consist of Premium SARs that have an exercise 
price that is 10% greater than the closing price of our common 
stock on the grant date. 

Significant  Portion  of  Executive  Compensation  Delivered 
in  the  Form  of  Long-Term  Equity-Based  Incentives.  A 
significant portion of our NEOs’ compensation is comprised of 
long-term  equity  incentive  awards,  consisting  of  SARs  and 
RSUs, which generally vest over three years. In the last three 
fiscal years, approximately 73.1% of our CEO’s and 61.9% of 
other NEOs’ total compensation as reported in the Summary 
Compensation Table, has on average been in the form of long-
term equity-based incentives.  

Market  Alignment  of  Compensation  but  with  Greater 
Emphasis  on  At-Risk  Compensation.  To  attract  and  retain 
talented  executive  officers,  we  align  targeted  compensation 
opportunity with comparable levels to our peer group, but we 
generally  make  at-risk  compensation  a  more  significant 
component. 

Independent Compensation Consultant. The Compensation 
Committee  periodically  retains  and  receives  advice  from  an 
independent compensation consultant. 

Clawback Policy. The Compensation Committee has adopted 
a clawback policy that, in the event of a financial restatement, 
incentive 
requires  us 
compensation from executive officers that was paid based on 
the misstated financial information. 

to  recoup  cash  or  equity-based 

Stock  Ownership  Guidelines.  Our  executive  officers  are 
subject  to  meaningful  stock  ownership  guidelines,  requiring 
that  they  hold  a  meaningful  amount  of  our  common  stock, 
which  helps  to  align  their  interests  with  those  of  our 
stockholders.  Additionally,  until  the  applicable  guideline  is 
achieved for an executive, he or she is required to retain at least 

  No  Excessive  Perquisites.  We  provide  our  executive  officers 
with limited perquisites, which consist primarily of credit at our 
owned  and  operated  properties  designed  to  incentivize  our 
executive officers to visit and use our resorts in order to make 
informed  decisions  regarding  our  business  and  the  guest 
experience  and  provide  relevant  feedback  concerning  our 
properties and services. 

No  Tax  Gross-Ups  on  Perquisites,  Except  for  Standard 
Relocation Benefits. We do not pay tax gross-ups on the limited 
perquisites that our executive officers receive, except in the case 
of standard relocation benefits available to all similarly situated 
employees.  

No Excise Tax Gross-Ups. We do not pay excise tax gross-ups 
in connection with the change in control arrangements provided 
to our executive officers. 

No Automatic Salary Increases or Guaranteed Bonuses. We 
do  not  guarantee  annual  salary  increases  or  bonuses  for  any 
NEO  and  no  employment  agreement  with  any  NEO  contains 
such provisions. 

No “Single Trigger” Automatic Cash Payments, Benefits or 
Equity  Vesting  Upon  a  Change  in  Control.  The  change  in 
control arrangements provided to our executive officers require 
a termination event (including a termination by the executive for 
“good reason”) following a change in control before any cash-
based  payments  or  benefits  are  triggered.  Additionally,  our 
CEO’s potential cash severance is two times her base salary plus 
prior year bonus. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 and 
beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have 
accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced or in 
the event of a termination without cause within 12 months of a 
change in control event. 

No  Hedging  or  Pledging.  Under  our  Insider  Trading 
Compliance  Program,  senior  level  employees,  including  our 
executive officers, as well as our directors, are prohibited from 
conducting short sales or using derivatives or other instruments 
designed to hedge against the risk of ownership of our securities 
or  otherwise  offset  any  decrease  in  the  market  value  of  our 
securities, including put and call options and collar transactions. 
The  Insider  Trading  Compliance  Program  also  prohibits 
directors  and  senior  level  employees,  including  our  executive 
officers, from pledging shares of the Company’s stock. 

No  Equity  Repricing.  We  expressly  prohibit  the  repricing  of 
underwater SARs without stockholder approval. 

No Pension Plans or SERPs. We do not provide our executive 
officers  with  tax-qualified  defined  benefit  pension  plans  or 
supplemental executive retirement plans. 

36 

 
 
WHAT WE DO 
75%  of  the  net  shares  received  from  vesting  of  RSUs  or 
exercise of SARs. 

  WHAT WE DON’T DO 

Use of Tally Sheets. The Compensation Committee uses tally 
sheets that provide information as to all compensation that is 
potentially available to our NEOs when evaluating executive 
compensation. 

the  assistance  of  our 

Annual  Risk  Assessment.  The  Compensation  Committee, 
independent  compensation 
with 
consultant, annually conducts a compensation risk assessment 
and,  for  fiscal  2023,  determined 
the  Company’s 
compensation policies and practices, or components thereof, do 
not  create  risks  that  are  reasonably  likely  to  have  a  material 
adverse effect on the Company. 

that 

Key Objectives of Our Executive Compensation Program 

Our executive compensation program focuses on the following three key objectives: 

•  Emphasizing Pay-for-Performance. Emphasize pay-for-performance by tying annual and long-term compensation incentives 

to achievement of specified performance objectives or overall stock performance. 

•  Attracting,  Retaining,  and  Motivating.  Attract,  retain,  and  motivate  talented  executives  who  will  determine  our  long-term 
success. We have structured our executive compensation program to be competitive with compensation paid by companies in 
the same market for executive talent. 

•  Rewarding Contributions and Creating Long-Term Value. We have structured our compensation program to recognize and 
reward contributions of all employees, including executive officers, in achieving strategic goals and business objectives, while 
aligning the program with stockholder interests. 

Compensation Decision Process 

Role of the Compensation Committee 

The Compensation Committee is responsible for determining the compensation of our executive officers, including our NEOs. In 
appropriate  circumstances,  such  as  when  new  market  data  supports  a  market  adjustment,  the  Compensation  Committee,  in  its  sole 
discretion,  considers  the  recommendations  of  our  CEO  in  setting  executive  compensation,  including  the  compensation  of  the  other 
NEOs. The Compensation Committee, however, makes all final determinations regarding these awards (subject to any matters requiring 
approval by the Board of Directors and/or our stockholders), and no executive officer is involved in the deliberations or the determination 
with respect to his or her own compensation. The non-management directors’ practice is to meet in executive session following the 
Board meeting in September of each year to review and ratify the Compensation Committee’s annual review of the CEO. 

Role of Management 

For  executive  officers  other  than  herself,  our  CEO  makes  pay  recommendations  to  the  Compensation  Committee  based  on 
competitive market data and an assessment of individual performance. Her recommendations to the Compensation Committee establish 
appropriate and market-competitive compensation opportunities for our executive officers, consistent with our overall pay philosophy. 
The  Compensation  Committee  reviews  and  discusses  the  recommendations,  in  conjunction  with  the  Compensation  Committee’s 
independent compensation consultant, in making compensation decisions or recommendations to the full Board. No executive officer 
participates directly in the final deliberations or determinations regarding his or her own compensation package. 

Role of the Independent Compensation Consultant 

The  Compensation  Committee  retains  the  services  of  Aon  as  its  independent  compensation  consultant,  in  accordance  with  the 
Compensation Committee’s charter. Aon reports directly to the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee retains sole 
authority  to  hire  or  terminate  Aon,  approves  its  professional  fees,  determines  the  nature  and  scope  of  its  services  and  evaluates  its 
performance.  A  representative  of  Aon  attends  Compensation  Committee  meetings,  as  requested,  and  communicates  with  the 

37 

 
Compensation  Committee  chair  between  meetings.  The  Compensation  Committee  makes  all  final  decisions  regarding  executive 
compensation. 

Aon’s specific compensation consultation roles include, but are not limited to, the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

advising the Compensation Committee on director and executive compensation trends and regulatory developments; 

developing a peer group of companies for determining competitive compensation rates; 

providing a total compensation study for executives and independent non-employee board members against peer companies; 

providing advice to the Compensation Committee on corporate governance best practices, as well as any other areas of concern 
or risk; 

serving as a resource to the Compensation Committee chair for meeting agendas and supporting materials in advance of each 
meeting; 

reviewing and commenting on proxy statement disclosure items, including preparation of the CD&A; and 

advising the Compensation Committee on management’s pay recommendations. 

The Compensation Committee has assessed the independence of Aon as required by the NYSE listing standards. The Compensation 
Committee  reviewed  its  relationship  with  Aon  and  considered  all  relevant  factors,  including  those  set  forth  in  Rule  10C-1(b)(4)(i) 
through (vi) of the Exchange Act. Based on this review, the Compensation Committee concluded that there are no conflicts of interest 
raised by the work performed by Aon. 

Role of Peer Companies and Competitive Market Data 

To achieve our executive compensation objectives, the Compensation Committee periodically analyzes market data and evaluates 
individual executive performance with a goal of setting compensation at levels the Compensation Committee believes, based on its 
general business and industry knowledge and experience, are comparable with executives in other companies operating in the leisure, 
travel, gaming, and hospitality industries, which we refer to as our “peer group.” We face a somewhat unique challenge in establishing 
a peer group because few publicly-traded companies participate in more than one of our operating segments. Thus, when evaluating 
executive compensation, the Compensation Committee includes in our peer group a variety of leisure, travel, gaming, and hospitality 
companies with whom we may compete for executive talent. 

The following peer group development criteria were used to assist with peer group development for the fiscal 2023 pay study: 

• 

Industries: similar to the Company in the leisure, travel, gaming, and hospitality industries; 

•  Company size: approximately 0.4 times to 3 times the Company's annual revenues, with a secondary focus on market cap; 

•  Peers: companies using the Company in their compensation peer group; 

•  Peers of peers: companies used in the peer groups of potential peer companies; and 

•  Competitors: companies that compete with the Company for business and management talent. 

When  performing  its  annual  executive  compensation  review,  the  Compensation  Committee  has  sole  authority  to  engage  an 
independent  compensation  consultant  to  assist  in  obtaining  market  data  and  analyzing  the  competitive  nature  of  our  compensation 
programs. In August 2022, the Compensation Committee engaged Aon to conduct a competitive market study to assist with fiscal 2023 
pay decisions. The study included market data from Aon’s proprietary global compensation survey for similar-sized companies, and 
proxy disclosures for publicly-traded peer companies from the leisure, travel, gaming, and hospitality industries, as approved by the 
Compensation Committee. Our peer group approved by the Compensation Committee to assist with fiscal 2023 compensation decisions 
included: 

Boyd Gaming Corporation 
Cedar Fair, L.P. 
Choice Hotels International 

Penn National Gaming Inc. 
Red Rock Resorts Inc. 
Six Flags Entertainment Corporation 

38 

 
Churchill Downs Inc. 
Hilton Grand Vacations 
Hyatt Hotels Corporation 
Marriott Vacations Worldwide 
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd 

Travel + Leisure Co.  
Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. 
Wynn Resorts Ltd. 

Extended Stay America, Inc. was removed from the fiscal 2023 peer group because they became privately-held. Hilton Grand 

Vacations and Choice Hotels International were added to the fiscal 2023 peer group because of their similar industry focus and 
comparable annual revenues. 

The Compensation Committee uses competitive compensation data from the annual total compensation study of peer companies 
and survey data to inform its decisions about overall compensation opportunities and specific compensation elements. Additionally, the 
Compensation Committee uses multiple reference points when establishing targeted compensation levels. The Compensation Committee 
does not benchmark specific compensation elements or total compensation to any specific percentile relative to the peer companies or 
the broader United States market. Instead, the Compensation Committee applies judgment and discretion in establishing targeted pay 
levels, taking into account not only competitive market data, but also factors such as Company, business and individual performance, 
scope of responsibility, critical needs and skill sets, leadership potential, and succession planning. The Compensation Committee also 
evaluates the compensation programs of other companies which, while not in the peer set, have similar characteristics of the Company’s 
business model, complexity, and sophistication. 

Role of Tally Sheets and Company-Specific Factors 

In addition to considering market data with respect to executive compensation practices of companies within our peer group, the 
Compensation  Committee  takes  into  account  individual  performance,  our  retention  needs,  our  relative  performance,  and  our  own 
strategic goals. We also conduct an annual review of the aggregate level of our executive compensation program as part of our annual 
budget review and annual performance review processes, which includes determining the operating metrics and non-financial elements 
used to measure our performance and to compensate our executive officers. 

The  Compensation  Committee,  in  conjunction  with  data  and  recommendations  provided  by  our  independent  compensation 
consultant in any given year, also annually analyzes tally sheets prepared for each NEO. These tally sheets present the dollar amount of 
each component of the NEO’s compensation, including current cash compensation (base salary and the MIP award for the applicable 
fiscal year), perquisites, and the value of equity awards previously granted to the NEO as of the applicable fiscal year end, as well as 
the amounts that would have been payable to the NEO if employment had been terminated under various scenarios as of the end of the 
most  recently  completed  fiscal  year.  The  Compensation  Committee  uses  these  tally  sheets,  which  provide  substantially  the  same 
information  as  is  provided  in  the  tables  included  in  this  Proxy  Statement,  together  with  peer  group  data,  primarily  for  purposes  of 
analyzing our NEOs’ total compensation and determining whether it is appropriate to adjust the compensation mix for our NEOs on a 
going-forward basis. In its most recent review of tally sheets, the Compensation Committee determined that total compensation amounts 
for our NEOs remained consistent with our executive compensation philosophy and objectives. 

Determination of CEO Compensation 

At its first regularly scheduled meeting of the fiscal year, the Compensation Committee reviews and evaluates CEO performance, 
and determines performance achievement levels, for the prior fiscal year. The Committee also reviews competitive compensation data. 
Following review and discussion of the Company's financial performance at the first regularly scheduled Board meeting of the fiscal 
year, the Committee approves the CEO’s compensation. 

Elements of Compensation 

Our  executive  compensation  program  consists  of  the  following  elements,  which  are  reviewed  annually  by  the  Compensation 

Committee and may be adjusted to align with market standards: 

Compensation 
Element 

Base Salary 

  Objective 

  Key Features 

To attract and retain 
executives with a proven 
track record of performance 

•  Based  primarily  on  the  scope  of  an  executive  officer’s 
responsibilities, taking into account individual performance and 
experience,  competitive  market  compensation  for  similar 
positions,  as  well  as  seniority  of  the  individual,  our  ability  to 
replace  the  individual,  the  impact  the  individual’s  loss  would 
have on the Company, and other factors which may be deemed to 
be relevant by the Compensation Committee. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation 
Element 

Annual MIP 
Award 

  Objective 

  Key Features 

•  No guaranteed increases to base salary. 

To motivate achievement of 
annual financial, operational, 
and strategic goals and 
achievement of individual 
annual performance 
objectives 

•  For  each  fiscal  year,  Company  and  individual  performance 
elements drive two different aspects of the MIP: (1) the aggregate 
amount of  funds  available  under  the  MIP (driven by  Company 
performance),  and  (2)  the  specific  allocation  of  awards  to 
participants under the MIP (driven by Company performance for 
Ms. Lynch and individual performance for the other NEOs). 

Equity Incentive 
Awards 

To align our executives’ 
interests with our 
stockholders’ long-term 
interests 

Limited 
Perquisites 

To incentivize executives to 
use the Company’s services 
in order to help them in their 
performance by allowing 
them to evaluate our resorts 
and services based upon 
firsthand knowledge 

•  MIP awards are paid in cash only. 

•  Equity awards are granted under our stockholder-approved 2015 
Omnibus Incentive Plan, referred to in this Proxy Statement as 
the 2015 Plan. 

•  For fiscal 2023, we granted time-based vesting RSUs and SARs 
to provide a balanced portfolio of potential wealth accumulation 
and  alignment  to  our  stockholders’  long-term  investment 
interests. Value in both programs fluctuates with our stock price, 
and SARs only have value if the share price exceeds the exercise 
price. 

•  SARs  are  granted  with  an  exercise  price  of  no  less  than  the 
closing  price  of  our  common  stock  on  the  grant  date.  For  Ms. 
Lynch, we grant Premium SARs with the exercise price set 10% 
higher  than  the  closing  value  on  the  grant  date.  As  such, 
stockholders  realize  a  10%  return  before  Ms.  Lynch  may 
recognize  personal  gains  from  the  exercise  of  any  Premium 
SARs. 

•  For  fiscal  2023,  the  Compensation  Committee  awarded  Ms. 
Lynch  her  long-term  equity  incentive  awards  as  approximately 
50% of the award value in RSUs and approximately 50% of the 
award value in Premium SARs, which consisted of 12,102 RSUs 
and  47,125  Premium  SARs,  each  vesting  annually  over  three 
years. 

•  For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 and beyond, in the event 
of a change in control, equity vesting will only accelerate if an 
award  is  not  assumed  or  replaced  or  in  the  event  of  a  “double 
trigger” termination without cause within 12 months of a change 
in  control  event.  Accordingly,  no  outstanding  unvested  awards 
provide  for  accelerated  vesting  if  such  awards  are  assumed  or 
replaced, or in the event of a termination without cause. 

• 

Includes  our  Executive  Perquisite  Fund  Program,  under  which 
certain of our senior management receive an annual allowance, 
based on executive level, to be used at the Company’s owned or 
operated resorts. Executives may draw against the account to pay 
for services or goods at the market rate for the applicable resort 
or  services.  Amounts  used  by  executives  are  taxed  as  ordinary 
income, like other compensation. Unused funds at the end of each 
fiscal year are forfeited. 

•  All  Company  employees  enjoy  skiing  privileges,  including  our 

executives. 

2023 Compensation Decisions 

The Compensation Committee approved the following fiscal 2023 compensation program for Ms. Lynch: 

•  Annual base salary of $1,060,000; 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  Annual MIP target equal to 100% of her base salary, subject to the terms and conditions of the Company’s MIP; 

•  Annual equity target of approximately $4,770,000 comprised of 50% RSUs and 50% Premium SARs with an exercise price at 
a 10% premium to market, which vest in three equal installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date; and 

•  Participation in the Company’s Executive Perquisite Fund Program with an annual allowance of $80,000 per year to be used 

at the Company’s owned or operated resorts. 

For fiscal 2023, the Compensation Committee approved a salary of $1,060,000 for Mr. Katz, our Executive Chairperson, and target 
equity awards under the 2015 Plan of approximately $1,060,000. The equity awards were comprised of 50% RSUs and 50% SARs, each 
of which vest in three equal installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. Mr. Katz is not eligible to participate in the 
Company’s MIP. 

Base  Salary.  The  Compensation  Committee  generally  reviews  and  adjusts  base  salaries  annually  at  its  September  committee 

meeting, with new salaries effective in mid-October.  

Fiscal 2023 approved salaries reflect a recognition of individual performance, a thorough review of competitive market data from 

the Aon executive compensation study, and the overall growth and results of the Company in fiscal 2022.  

Fiscal 2022 
Approved 
Base Salary 

Fiscal 2023 
Approved Base 
Salary 

% Change in Fiscal 
2023  
Approved Base 
Salary versus Fiscal 
2022 
Name 
6% 
Kirsten A. Lynch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $     1,000,000         $     1,060,000 
6% 
$     1,060,000 
Robert A. Katz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Angela A. Korch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $     —                     $       550,000                           N/A 
Michael Z. Barkin1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
0% 
$     625,000 
James C. O’Donnell2  . . . . . . . . . . .  
6% 
$     540,000 
6% 
$     575,000 
David T. Shapiro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
18% 
Ryan Bennett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $     400,000 

625,000 
572,400 
609,500 
472,760 

$      1,000,000 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

1. 

2. 

Mr. Barkin’s 2023 fiscal year salary reflects his approved full year base salary. Mr. Barkin’s actual salary 
through the date of his departure from the Company on December 31, 2022 was $287,260.  
Mr. O’Donnell’s base salary for fiscal 2023 reflects his approved full year base salary. Mr. O’Donnell’s 
actual salary through the date of his departure from the Company was $347,261.  

Annual MIP Awards. Certain of our NEOs were eligible to receive an annual MIP award for fiscal 2023 based upon the Company’s 
performance and for all NEOs other than Ms. Lynch, the NEO’s individual performance during fiscal 2023. As Executive Chairperson, 
Mr. Katz is not eligible to participate in the MIP. In addition, Messrs. Barkin and O’Donnell were ineligible to receive a MIP award in 
fiscal 2023 due to their departures from the Company. 

Annual Funding of the MIP. The Compensation Committee has established Resort Reported EBITDA as the primary performance 
measure to determine MIP funding. The Compensation Committee bases the Resort Reported EBITDA target on the target set by our 
Board annually when approving the Company’s financial budget. In setting the performance measures and goals, the Compensation 
Committee  considers  our  past  performance,  broader  economic  trends  that  may  impact  us  in  the  upcoming  year,  and  our  historical 
performance against MIP targets. 

Please  see  page  39,  40  and  49  of  our  Annual  Report  for  information  regarding  our  use  of  the  non-GAAP  financial  measures 
discussed in this CD&A. For a reconciliation of the differences between Resort Reported EBITDA and the most directly comparable 
GAAP financial measures, see Appendix A of this proxy statement.  

Resort Reported EBITDA Target. For fiscal 2023, the Resort Reported EBITDA target was set at $920 million, which was based 
upon  our  approved  budget  for  fiscal  2023.  This  target  excludes  (i)  any  EBITDA  and  related  acquisition  and  transaction  expenses 
associated with any acquisitions completed or signed during fiscal 2023 (other than Andermatt-Sedrun), (ii) the impact of any exercises 
of SARs by the CEO or Executive Chairperson during the fiscal year (of which there were none for fiscal 2023), and (iii) the impact of 
41 

 
 
 
 
any  currency  fluctuations  on  the  Company’s  results.  The  Compensation  Committee  established  the  performance  measure  at  the 
beginning of the fiscal year with the expectation that the target level of performance of these goals would require significant effort and 
substantial progress toward our strategic plan goals in light of the business environment at that time.  

The following table summarizes funding opportunity from threshold to maximum performance.  

MIP Funding for Resort Reported EBITDA 

Percentage of Target  
Performance Achieved 
Less than 80% 
80%  
90% 
95% 
100% 
110% 
120% or greater 

Percentage of Annual Target 
Funding Level Available under 
the MIP 
0% 
15% 
25% 
50% 
100% 
175% 
200% 

Fiscal 2023 Resort Reported 
EBITDA Value 
($) 
Less than $736.0 million 
$736.0 million 
$828.0 million 
$874.0 million 
$920.0 million 
$1,012.0 million 
$1,104.0 million or greater 

In the event our Resort Reported EBITDA for any fiscal year exceeds the specified threshold level, then the MIP is funded at the 
appropriate level and each NEO is eligible to receive a MIP award. For achievement between annual target funding level percentages, 
the payout is determined by linear interpolation. 

Target  Annual  MIP  Awards.  The  NEOs’  target  MIP  awards  as  a  percentage  of  their  base  salaries  was  determined  based  on  a 
combination of competitive market data for each NEOs’ role and the role’s ability to influence our performance. For fiscal 2023, each 
NEO other than Mr. Katz was eligible for an annual MIP award based on a percentage of annual base salary. The following table sets 
forth the target annual MIP awards as a percentage of base salary approved by the Compensation Committee at the start of the fiscal 
year for each of fiscal 2023 and 2022, and the percentage change in the target from fiscal 2022 to 2023. 

2022 Target 
Annual MIP 
Award as 
Percentage of 
Base Salary 

  100% 
  — 
  — 
  75% 
  75% 
  50% 
  42.5% 

2023 Target 
Annual MIP 
Award as 
Percentage of 
Base Salary 
100% 
— 
75% 
— 
— 
50% 
42.5% 

% Change 
0% 
N/A 
N/A(1) 
N/A 
N/A 
0% 
0% 

Name 
Kirsten A. Lynch  . . . . . . . . . . 
Robert A. Katz . . . . . . . . . . . 
Angela A. Korch . . . . . . . . . . 
Michael Z. Barkin . . . . . . . . . 
James C. O’Donnell . . . . . . . . 
David T. Shapiro  . . . . . . . . . . 
Ryan Bennett .... . . . . . . . . . . . 

(1)  As Ms. Korch assumed the role of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in December 2022 when she succeeded Mr. Barkin in the position, 

the percentage change from fiscal 2022 to fiscal 2023 is not meaningful. 

The table below sets forth the threshold, target and maximum awards payable under the MIP for each NEO in fiscal 2023 who was 

eligible for an award at the time that the Committee established the NEO’s opportunity: 

Name 
Kirsten A. Lynch ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Robert A. Katz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Angela A. Korch1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Michael Z. Barkin . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
James C. O’Donnell ... . . . . . . . . . . . 
David T. Shapiro ....... . . . . . . . . . . . 
Ryan Bennett ............. . . . . . . . . . . . 

Threshold 
($) 
  — 
  — 
-- 
  — 
  — 
  — 
  — 

Target 
($) 
1,060,000 
— 

412,500 
— 
— 
304,750 
200,923 

Maximum 
($) 
2,120,000 
— 

1,072,500 
— 
— 
792,350 
522,400 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)  Ms. Korch’s Target and Maximum Opportunities reflect the opportunity values for a full fiscal year, and exclude the impact of proration resulting from 
being in the role for only a portion of the actual fiscal year following her appointment to the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer role 
in December 2022. 

Individual MIP Award Determination. Once funding was established for fiscal 2023, the actual MIP award paid to each NEO was 
determined  by  individual  performance  achievements  against  their  individual performance  objectives.  In  the  case of  Ms.  Lynch, her 
award is based solely on the funded amount of target MIP determined by Company performance because, unlike other NEOs, she is 
responsible  for  all  aspects  of  Company  performance.  This  structure  reflects  our  objective  to  put  more  emphasis  on  individual 
performance-oriented compensation, while at the same time requiring that overall Company performance standards are met before MIP 
funding can occur. Mr. Katz was not eligible to participate in the MIP, and Messrs. O’Donnell and Barkin were ineligible for MIP 
awards for fiscal 2023 due to their departures from the Company. 

Achievement of individual performance objectives can result in the NEO receiving a MIP award equal to 0%, 50%, 100%, 120% 
or 130% of the funded amount (subject to availability of funds under the MIP) and subject to further adjustments at the discretion of the 
Compensation  Committee.  Individual  performance  objectives  vary  depending  upon  our  strategic  plan  and  each  NEO’s  individual 
responsibilities are established at the beginning of each fiscal year, with the expectation in fiscal 2023 that the target level of performance 
of these objectives would require significant effort and substantial progress toward the goals of our strategic plan in light of the current 
business environment. As a result, the Committee believed that each NEO’s attainment of his or her performance objectives in fiscal 
2023 would be moderately likely. 

Example. An executive whose MIP award funding is 100% based on Resort Reported EBITDA, earning $300,000 annually with a 
target MIP award of 50% of base salary, would have an available MIP award funding of $150,000 for 100% achievement of Resort 
Reported EBITDA (100% times 50% salary target times 100% funding), for a total of $150,000 of target funding. However, because 
the executive’s total MIP award is determined by the achievement of individual performance objectives, an executive’s ultimate total 
MIP award can be paid out in an amount equal to 0%, 50%, 100%, 120% or 130% of the target amount based on individual performance 
(subject to availability of funds under the MIP). 

Fiscal 2023 Results. In fiscal 2023, we met 91.25% of the Resort Reported EBITDA target, which resulted in a funding level at 
31.25% of the target funding level for that component of the funding calculation. Based upon these results and individual performance, 
and noting that no adjustments were made based upon individual performance, the Compensation Committee determined the final MIP 
award amounts as follows: 

Name 
Kirsten A. Lynch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Robert A. Katz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Angela A. Korch1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Michael Z. Barkin2 . . . . . . . . . . . 
James C. O’Donnell3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 
David T. Shapiro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Ryan Bennett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2023 MIP 
Award 
  $331,250 
  — 
  $86,367 
  — 
  — 
  $95,234 
  $62,788 

(1)  Ms. Korch’s MIP award for fiscal 2023 was pro-rated as a result of being in her role as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for only a portion 

of the full fiscal year 2023. 

(2)  Mr. Barkin was not eligible for a MIP award for fiscal 2023 due to his departure from the Company on December 31, 2022. 
(3)  Mr. O’Donnell was not eligible for a MIP award for fiscal 2023 due to his separation from the Company on March 3, 2023. 

Long-Term Equity Incentives 

Our long-term equity incentive award program is designed to promote long-term Company performance and align each executive’s 
interests with stockholder interest, to reward the achievement of long-term goals, and to promote stability and corporate loyalty among 
our  executives.  The  Compensation  Committee  bases  awards  of  long-term  equity  compensation  on  a  number  of  factors,  including 
competitive  market practices as determined by our peer group analysis, the information provided by our independent compensation 
consultant,  the  amount  of  cash  compensation  that  is  currently  paid  to  each  NEO,  each  NEO’s  level  of  responsibility,  our  retention 
objectives,  and  our  pay-for-performance  philosophy.  In  general,  the  Compensation  Committee  makes  long-term  equity  award 
determinations for executive officers in September of each year and typically consults with our CEO in determining the size of grants 
to each NEO, other than herself, although the Compensation Committee makes all final determinations. The non-management directors’ 
practice is to meet in executive session following the Board meeting in September of each year to review and ratify the Compensation 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Committee’s annual review of the CEO. In fiscal 2023, the Compensation Committee granted long-term equity incentive awards under 
the stockholder-approved 2015 Plan. 

For fiscal 2023, the Compensation Committee awarded each NEO, other than Mr. Barkin, an equity value based on individual 
achievements and performance. The Compensation Committee granted Ms. Lynch her long-term equity for fiscal 2023 as approximately 
50% RSU value and approximately 50% Premium SAR value. To further promote retention, the RSUs and SARs granted in fiscal 2023 
vest in equal annual installments over a three-year period commencing on the first anniversary date of the grant. As the awards are 
inherently tied to the performance of our common stock, we consider a vesting schedule based upon continued service appropriate to 
meet the desire for both retention and performance incentive. 

The Compensation Committee has structured the mix of long-term and short-term equity awards and the relative weight assigned 
to each type to motivate performance against long-term targets, stock price appreciation over the long term and to encourage ownership 
and retention while aligning executive officers’ interests with those of our stockholders. The RSUs are complementary to the SARs 
because they have upside potential, but deliver some value even during periods of market or stock price underperformance, providing a 
retention incentive and reinforcing an ownership culture and commitment to the Company. 

The table below shows the number and grant date fair value of the equity awards granted to our NEOs in fiscal 2023. 

Name 
Kirsten A. Lynch . . . . . . . 
Robert A. Katz . . . . . . . . 
Angela A. Korch1 . . . . . . 
Michael Z. Barkin2 . . . . . 
James C. O’Donnell3 . . . . 
David T. Shapiro  . . . . . . . 
Ryan Bennett4 . . . . . . . . . . 
. . 

RSU Value 
($) 

  2,384,820 
  529,894 
  647,3661 
  — 
  665,078 
  865,093 
  374,808 

RSUs 
Granted 
(#) 
12,102 
2,689 
2,6421 
— 
3,375 
4,390 
1,902 

SAR 
Value ($) 
2,384,996 
529,965 
347,561 
— 
665,102 
865,091 
374,965 

SARs 
Granted 
(#) 
47,125 
9,365 
5,000 
— 
11,753 
15,287 
6,626 

(1)  The amount shown includes a sign-on grant for Ms. Korch when she assumed the role of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in December 

2022 when she succeeded Mr. Barkin in the position. 

(2)  Mr. Barkin did not receive a 2023 equity grant due to his impending departure from the Company on December 31, 2023. 
(3)  Mr. O’Donnell’s fiscal 2023 equity awards were forfeited upon his separation from the Company on March 3, 2023.  
(4)  The unvested portion of Mr. Bennett’s fiscal 2023 equity awards was forfeited upon his separation from the Company on October 20, 2023. 

Other Executive Compensation Policies and Practices  

Perquisites and Other Benefits 

We provide the NEOs with certain health and welfare benefits, relocation program benefits, and a tax-qualified 401(k) plan in the 
same  manner  that  such benefits  have been made  available  to other  salaried  employees of  the  Company. We  also pay  premiums  for 
supplemental life insurance and disability insurance on behalf of our NEOs that are consistent with those provided to similarly situated 
executives at other companies.   

Under our Executive Perquisite Fund Program, we offer the NEOs a specified allowance at our owned and operated properties to 
incentivize our executive officers to visit and use our resorts in order to make informed decisions regarding our business and the guest 
experience and provide relevant feedback concerning our properties and services. Executives may draw against the credit to pay for 
services or goods at the market rate, such as towards lodging, ski school privileges, and discretionary spending on services or goods at 
our properties for personal use. Amounts of the fund used by the NEO are taxed as ordinary income, like other compensation. In addition, 
the Company also provided each NEO with access to one or more of our private clubs through our quality assessment program, for 
which the Company incurs no incremental costs.  

The Compensation Committee reviews perquisites in the tally sheets for both appropriateness and effectiveness. However, the 

value of any perquisites provided to any of the NEOs is a limited portion of any officer’s compensation. 

Clawback Policy 

The Compensation Committee has adopted a clawback policy that requires the Company to recoup incentive compensation that 
was paid to executive officers based on financial statements that were subsequently restated. The policy provides that in the event of a 
material restatement of publicly issued financial results from those previously issued to the public, our Board will review all MIP awards 
and equity awards made to executive officers during the three-year period prior to the restatement on the basis of having met or exceeded 
44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
specific performance targets. If such payments would have been lower had they been calculated based on such restated results, our Board 
will recoup the payments in excess of the amount that would have been paid based on the restated results. The Company will review the 
clawback  policy  periodically  to  ensure  compliance  with  applicable  law,  NYSE  listing  standards,  and  corporate  governance  best 
practices. 

Equity Grant Practices 

We generally seek to make equity compensation grants in the first quarter following the completion of a given fiscal year. SARs 
are granted with an exercise price equal to or higher than the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date, which is the 
date the Compensation Committee approves the award. We do not have any specific program, plan, or practice related to timing equity 
compensation  awards  to  executives;  however,  the  Compensation  Committee  generally  approves  annual  awards  on  the  date  of  the 
regularly scheduled first fiscal quarter Board meeting in September, with the grant date being the first business day after the public 
release of earnings for the previous fiscal year. Other than grants made in connection with hiring, promotions, or to replace certain new 
hire grants once they vest and/or are exercised, equity awards are granted to NEOs at the same time that equity awards are granted to all 
other employees who are eligible for such awards. 

Stock Ownership Guidelines for Executives 

Consistent  with  our  objective  of  encouraging  executive  stock  ownership  to  create  long-term  stockholder  value  by  aligning  the 
interests of our executives with our stockholders, the Company has adopted executive stock ownership guidelines. Under the guidelines, 
our executive officers are expected to hold shares of our common stock equal to multiples of their base salaries as follows: 

Name 
Executive Chairperson ..........................................  
Chief Executive Officer ........................................  
Chief Financial Officer..........................................  
Presidents ..............................................................  
Executive Vice Presidents .....................................  

Multiple of Base 
Salary 
6x 
6x 
3x 
3x 
2x 

Until an executive achieves the required level of ownership, he or she is required to retain at least 75% of the net shares received as 
a result of the vesting of RSUs or restricted stock or the exercise of SARs. Net shares are those that remain after shares are netted to pay 
any applicable exercise price and/or statutory tax withholdings. Shares of common stock, stock owned in a directed retirement plan or 
IRA, and the intrinsic value of vested equity grants count as stock ownership for purposes of these guidelines.   

Policy Prohibiting Hedging and Pledging Transactions 

Our Insider Trading Compliance Program prohibits directors and senior level employees, including our executive officers, from 
engaging in hedging transactions designed to offset decreases in the market value of the Company’s securities, including engaging in 
short sales or investing in other derivatives of the Company’s securities, including put and call options and collar transactions. The 
Insider Trading Compliance Program also prohibits directors and senior level employees, including our executive officers, from pledging 
shares of the Company’s stock. 

Post-Termination Compensation 

Pursuant to her employment agreement, Ms. Lynch is entitled to receive severance payments and continuation of certain benefits 
upon certain terminations of employment, including certain resignations for “good reason” (as defined in her agreement). Pursuant to 
the Company’s executive severance policy, Messrs. Katz and Shapiro and Ms. Korch are entitled to receive severance payments upon 
certain terminations of employment, including upon a termination occurring within a limited period of time following a change in control 
as more fully described under the heading “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” below.  

We believe the change in control arrangements provide continuity of management in the event of an actual or threatened change in 
control. We also believe that our termination and severance provisions reflect both market practices and competitive factors. Our Board 
believed  that  these  severance  payments  and  benefit  arrangements  were  necessary  to  attract  and  retain  our  executives  when  these 
agreements were entered into. 

Tax Deductibility of Executive Compensation 

Compensation above $1,000,000 is generally non-deductible for federal tax purposes for any person who was (i) the chief executive 
officer or chief financial officer at any time during the taxable year, (ii) one of the three highest compensated other executive officers 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
for the taxable year, or (iii) a covered employee under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code for any taxable year beginning on 
or after January 1, 2017. Our Company’s objectives are not always consistent with the requirements for full deductibility. Therefore, 
deductibility is not the sole factor used in setting the appropriate compensation levels paid by the Company and decisions leading to 
future  compensation  levels  may  not  be  fully  deductible  under  Section  162(m).  We  believe  this  flexibility  enables  us  to  respond  to 
changing business conditions or to an executive’s exceptional individual performance. 

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE FOR FISCAL 2023 

The following table summarizes the total compensation paid or earned by the NEOs for each of the last three fiscal years during 

which the officer was a NEO: 

Name and Principal 
Position 
Kirsten A. Lynch 
Chief Executive 
Officer 

Robert A. Katz  
Executive 
Chairperson and 
Former Chief 
Executive Officer 

Angela A. Korch 
Executive Vice 
President 
and Chief Financial 
Officer  

Michael Z. Barkin 
Former Executive 
Vice President and 
Chief Financial 
Officer 

James. C. O’Donnell 
Former President - 
Mountain 
Division 

David T. Shapiro 
Executive Vice 
President, 
General Counsel and 
Secretary  

Ryan Bennett 
Former Senior Vice 
President and Chief 
Marketing Officer 

Fiscal 
Year 
2023 

Bonus 
Salary 
($)(1) 
($) 
1,050,769  — 

885,999  — 
541,882  — 
1,050,769  — 

Option/Share 
Appreciation 
Right 
Awards 
($)(3) 

2,384,996 

2,249,981 
1,134,550(7) 
529,965 

Non-Equity 
Incentive Plan 
Compensation 
($)(4) 

331,250 

1,118,300 
— 
— 

Stock 
Awards 
($)(2) 
2,384,820 

2,249,991 
750,293 
529,894 

1,000,320  — 
809,372  — 

499,847 
1,034,933(6) 

499,986 
1,936,862(8) 

323,654 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

647,366 
— 
— 

347,561 
— 
— 

— 
— 

86,367 
— 
— 

2022 
2021 
2023 

2022 
2021 

2023 
2022 
2021 

All Other 
Compensation 
($)(5) 
43,467 

Total 
($) 

35,357 
33,046 
23,051 

22,301 
33,622 

22,099 
— 
— 

6,195,302 

6,609,628 
2,459,771 
2,133,679 

2,022,454 
3,814,789 

1,427,047 
— 
— 

2023 
2022 
2021 

287,260 
— 
614,936  — 
541,882  — 

—(9) 
952,833 
750,293 

— 
952,909 
1,134,550(8) 

— 
557,016 
— 

4,819 
33,451 
20,417 

292,079 
3,111,145 
2,447,142 

2023 

347,261  — 

665,078 

665,102  

— 

598,614 

2,276,055 

2022 

2021 

2023 

2022 
2021 

2023 

2022 

2021 

532,885 

— 

431,051 

— 

627,186 

362,249 

627,429 

362,219 

604,192  — 

865,093 

865,091 

564,539  — 
497,596  — 

461,566 

— 

374,289 

— 

— 

— 

768,786 
549,877 

374,808 

314,781 

— 

768,912 
549,951 

374,965 

315,000 

— 

481,262 

221,203 

95,234 

341,636 
232,875 

62,788 

202,011 

— 

28,791 

13,553 

30,209 

27,561 
16,081 

27,800 

15,352 

— 

2,297,553 

1,390,275 

2,459,819 

2,471,434 
1,846,380 

1,301,927 

1,221,433 

— 

____________________ 
(1)  Amounts shown reflect salary earned during the fiscal year, which differ from base salaries in that year based in part on the timing of previous year annual 

adjustments, mid-year promotions, service period and other adjustments in any given year. 

(2)  Awards consist of RSUs. The amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs granted during the applicable fiscal year computed in accordance 

with FASB ASC Topic 718, and do not represent cash payments made to individuals or amounts realized, or amounts that may be realized. Assumptions used in 
the calculation of these amounts are included in note 14 to our audited financial statements for fiscal 2023, which are included in our Annual Report. 

(3)  Awards consist of SARs. The amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of SARs granted during the applicable fiscal year computed in accordance 

with FASB ASC Topic 718, and do not represent cash payments made to individuals or amounts realized, or amounts that may be realized. Assumptions used in 
the calculation of these amounts are included in note 14 to our audited financial statements for fiscal 2023, which are included in our Annual Report. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4) 

In September 2023, pursuant to the MIP, as more fully described in the CD&A and based upon the attainment of performance targets previously established by the 
Compensation Committee under the MIP, the Compensation Committee approved fiscal 2023 MIP awards for the NEOs other than Messrs. Barkin, Katz, and 
O’Donnell. Such amounts were paid in October 2023.  

(5)  All other compensation for fiscal 2023 includes the following: 

Name 

Kirsten A. Lynch 
Robert A. Katz 
Angela A. Korch 
Michael Z. Barkin 

James C. O’Donnell 

David T. Shapiro 
Ryan Bennett 
____________________ 

Company 
Contributions 
Under 401(k) 
Savings Plan 
($)(a)

Company-paid 
Supplemental 
Life Insurance 
Premiums 
($)(b)

9,900 
9,900 
6,265 
382 

4,332 

— 
9,048 

900 
7,295 
525 
375 

600 

900 
900 

Fiscal 
Year 

2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 

2023 

2023 
2023 

Company-
paid 
Supplemental 
Disability 
Insurance 
Premiums 
($)(c)

Company-paid 
Lodging, Ski 
School 
Privileges and 
Discretionary 
Spending on 
Goods and 
Services 
($)(d)

Severance 
($)(e) 

Total 
($) 

43,467 
23,051 
22,099 
4,819 

— 
— 
— 
— 

27,134 
— 
15,309 
— 

— 

588,308 

598,614 

22,252 
14,025 

— 
— 

30,209 
27,800 

5,533 
5,856 
— 
4,062 

5,374 

7,057 
3,827 

(a)  Consists of Company contributions to the NEO’s accounts in the Company’s tax-qualified 401(k) plan. 

(b)  Consists of premiums paid on behalf of the NEO for supplemental life insurance. 

(c)  Consists of premiums paid on behalf of the NEO for supplemental disability insurance. 

(d) 

In fiscal 2023, our NEOs were entitled to participate in our Executive Perquisite Fund Program, under which certain of the Company’s officers receive an 
annual allowance based on officer level to be used at the Company’s resorts. For fiscal 2023, annual allowances for NEOs were as follows: CEO and Executive 
Chairperson  —$80,000;  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  President  –  Mountain  Division—$50,000;  Executive  Vice  President  (excluding  the  Chief  Financial 
Officer) —$40,000; and Senior Vice President—$30,000. Executives may draw against the account to pay for services or goods at the market rate. Amounts 
of the fund used by the NEO are taxed as ordinary income, like other compensation. The amounts reported include the amounts used by the NEO towards 
lodging, ski school privileges and discretionary spending on services or goods at our properties for personal use. In accordance with SEC rules, the value of 
these benefits is measured on the basis of the estimated aggregate incremental cost to the Company for providing these benefits, and perquisites and personal 
benefits are not reported for any NEO for whom such amounts were less than $10,000 in the aggregate for the fiscal year. In fiscal 2022, the Company also 
provided each NEO with access to one or more of our private clubs through our quality assessment program, for which the Company incurred no incremental 
costs. NEOs are responsible for the payment of their individual, non-business related expenditures incurred at such clubs, although these expenses would 
qualify for reimbursement under the Company’s Executive Perquisite Fund Program if within the NEO’s allowance under that program. 

(e)  Following his involuntary termination of employment on March 3, 2023, Mr. O’Donnell received the following pursuant to his severance agreement: (i) a 

severance payment of $572,400 under the Company’s executive severance plan, (ii) a payment in the amount of $15,908, which was equal to the cost of 
COBRA coverage for 6 months, and (iii) active ski passes for the 2022-23 ski season with de minimis value for Mr. O’Donnell and his dependents. Mr. 
O’Donnell’s termination and severance payment is more fully described under the heading “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” 
below. 

(6)  The amount shown in the “Stock Awards” column for fiscal 2021 includes $1,034,993 as part of Mr. Katz's long-term equity incentive award, which represents 

the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs, based on 4,694 RSUs granted on September 25, 2020. Mr. Katz received a MIP award in the form of Premium SARs 
for fiscal 2021. 

(7)  Represents 8,161 shares in the form of Premium SARs for Mr. Barkin and Ms. Lynch’s fiscal 2021 MIP award and 13,765 shares for each of their fiscal 2021 

long-term equity incentive awards. 

(8)  Represents 19,156 shares in the form of Premium SARs for Mr. Katz’s fiscal 2021 MIP award and 21,371 shares for Mr. Katz’s fiscal 2021 long-term equity 

incentive award. 

(9)  Mr. Barkin did not receive a 2023 equity grant or MIP due to his impending departure from the Company on December 31, 2023. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS IN FISCAL 2023 

The following table shows certain information regarding grants of plan-based awards to the NEOs during fiscal 2023: 

Estimated Possible Payouts 
Under Non-Equity Incentive 
Plan Awards(2) 

Grant 
Date(1) 

Threshold 
($)(3) 
— 

Target 
($)(4) 
1,060,000 

Maximum 
($)(5) 
2,120,000 

9/29/2022 
9/29/2022 

9/29/2022 
9/29/2022 

2/01/2023 
2/01/2023 
2/01/2023 

9/29/2022 
9/29/2022 

9/29/2022 
9/29/2022 

9/29/2022 
9/29/2022 

9/29/2022 
9/29/2022 

— 

— 

— 

— 

412,500(9) 

1,072,500(9) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

304,750 

792,350 

— 

200,923 

522,400 

Name 
Kirsten A. 
Lynch 

Robert A. 
Katz 

Angela A 
Korch 

Michael Z. 
Barkin 

James C. 
O’Donnell(8) 

David T. 
Shapiro 

Ryan 
Bennett 

____________________ 

All Other 
Stock 
Awards: 
Number of 
Shares of 
Stock or 
Units(#) 

— 

12,1028) 

— 

2,689(8) 

1,418 
1,224 

— 

— 

— 

3,375(8) 

— 

4,390(8) 

— 

1,902(8) 

All Other 
Option/SAR 
Awards: 
Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Options/ 
SARs (#)(6) 
— 

Exercise 
or Base 
Price of 
Option/ 
SAR 
Awards 
($/Sh) 

— 

47,125 
— 

9,365 

— 

5,000 
— 

— 

— 

11,753 
— 

15,287 
— 

6,626 

N/A 
234.91 
— 

N/A 
213.55 

N/A 
N/A 
262.31 
— 

N/A 

— 

N/A 
213.55 
— 

N/A 
213.55 
— 

N/A 
213.55 

Grant Date 
Fair Value 
of Stock 
and Option 
Name 
Awards($)(7) 
— 

2,384,820 
2,384,996 
— 

529,894 
529,965 

347,451 
299,915 
347,561 
— 

— 
— 

— 

665,078 
665,102 
— 

865,093 
865,091 
— 

374,808 
374,965 

(1)  With respect to equity awards, with the exception of the awards to Ms. Korch, which were approved by the Compensation Committee as part of the Company’s 
offer letter, such awards were approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board on September 21, 2022, with a grant date of September 29, 2022, which is 
the first business day after the public release of earnings for the previous fiscal year.  

(2)  The estimated possible payouts are based on the parameters applicable to each NEO at the time the Compensation Committee established the relevant performance 
goals in writing at the beginning of fiscal 2023, as more fully described in the CD&A section of this Proxy Statement. The actual earned and subsequently paid 
amounts are reported in the Summary Compensation Table under the “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” column. As the Executive Chairperson, Mr. Katz 
was not eligible to receive a MIP award in fiscal 2023. 

(3)  The Threshold amount is based on the MIP’s minimum target funding level based upon no achievement of Resort Reported EBITDA targets for fiscal 2023, with 
the resulting funding applied to the NEO’s target percentage of base salary and then paid out at the 50% threshold level for individual performance (other than for 
Ms. Lynch, whose MIP awards are tied entirely to corporate performance). 

(4)  The Target amount is based on the MIP’s target funding level of 100% upon achievement by the Company of 100% of certain Resort Reported EBITDA targets for 
fiscal 2023, with the resulting funding applied to the NEO’s target percentage of base salary and then paid out at the 100% target level for individual performance 
(other than for Ms. Lynch, whose MIP awards are tied entirely to corporate performance). 

(5)  The Maximum amount is based on the MIP’s maximum funding level of 200% upon achievement by the Company of at least 120% of certain Resort Reported 
EBITDA targets for fiscal 2023, with the resulting funding applied to the NEO’s target percentage of base salary and then paid out at the 130% maximum level for 
individual performance (other than for Ms. Lynch, whose MIP awards are tied entirely to corporate performance). 

(6)  Represents SARs that vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. The exercise price of each SAR is equal to the 
closing price of our common stock on the grant date, except in the case of the SARs award value granted to Ms. Lynch for which the exercise price was 110% of 
the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. Upon the exercise of a SAR, the actual number of shares the Company will issue to the NEO is equal the 
quotient of (i) the product of (x) the excess of the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price, multiplied by 
(y) the number of SARs exercised, divided by (ii) the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise, less any shares withheld to cover 
payment of applicable tax withholding obligations. The grants were made pursuant to the 2015 Plan. 

(7)  The  amounts  shown  represent  the  aggregate  fair  value  of  the  award  calculated  as  of  the  grant  date  in  accordance  with  FASB  ASC  Topic  718. 
Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in note 14 to our audited financial statements for fiscal 2023, which are included in our Annual 
Report. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8)  Represents  RSUs  that  vest  in  three  equal  annual  installments  beginning  on  the  first  anniversary  of  the  grant  date.  The  grants  were  made  pursuant  to 

the 2015 Plan. 

(9)  Ms. Korch’s Target and Maximum Opportunities reflect the opportunity values for full fiscal year, and exclude the impact of proration resulting from being in the 
role for only a portion of the actual fiscal year following her appointment to the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer role in December 2022. 

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS 

The Company has an employment agreement with Ms. Lynch, which was approved by the Compensation Committee. No other 

NEO had an employment agreement with the Company at fiscal year-end. 

Kirsten A. Lynch, Chief Executive Officer 

The Company entered into an employment agreement with Ms. Lynch on November 1, 2021. The employment agreement has an 
initial  term  through  October 31,  2024  and provides for  automatic  renewal  for  successive  one  year periods  if neither party  provides 
written notice of non-renewal to the other party not less than 60 days prior to the then-current scheduled expiration date. Under the 
employment agreement, the initial base salary is set at $1,000,000.00, subject to annual adjustments by the Compensation Committee, 
though in no case may the base salary be reduced at any time below the then-current level without Ms. Lynch’s consent. Pursuant to the 
employment  agreement,  Ms.  Lynch  also  participates  in  the  Company’s  MIP,  as  more  fully  described  in  the  CD&A.  Under  the 
employment  agreement,  if  the  Company  achieves  specified  performance  targets  for  the  year  under  the  MIP,  Ms.  Lynch’s  “target 
opportunity” will be no less than 100% of her base salary.  

Ms. Lynch receives other benefits and perquisites on the same terms as afforded to senior executives generally, including customary 

health, disability, and insurance benefits, and participation in the Company’s Executive Perquisite Fund Program.  

The  employment  agreement  also  provides  for  certain  payments  in  connection  with  the  termination of  Ms. Lynch under  certain 

circumstances, as more fully described under the heading “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” below. 

Ms. Lynch’s employment agreement contains customary provisions for non-competition and non-solicitation of the Company’s 
managerial employees that become effective as of the date of Ms. Lynch’s termination of employment and that continue for two years 
thereafter. Ms. Lynch is also subject to a permanent covenant to maintain confidentiality of the Company’s confidential information. 

49 

 
 
 
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL 2023 YEAR-END 

The following table shows certain information regarding outstanding equity awards held by the NEOs as of July 31, 2023: 

Name 
Kirsten A. 
Lynch 

Robert A. 
Katz 

Angela A. 
Korch 

Michael Z. 
Barkin 

James C. 
O’Donnell 

David T. 
Shapiro 

Ryan 
Bennett(7) 

Option Awards 
Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options / 
SARs 
Exercisable 
(#)(1) 
13,169 (SARs) 

7,458 (SARs) 
6,851 (SARs) 
7,137 (SARs) 
12,364 (SARs) 
9,176 (SARs) 
8,161 (SARs) 
8,425 (SARs) 

18,527 (SARs) 

42,385 (SARs) 
45,528 (SARs) 
14,814 (SARs) 
11,727 (SARs) 
22,827 (SARs) 
14,247 (SARs) 
19,156 (SARs) 
1,685 (SARs) 

Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options / 
SARs 
Unexercisable 
(#)(1)(2) 

4,589 (SARs) 

16,850 (SARs) 
47,125 (SARs) 

7,124 (SARs) 

3,372 (SARs) 
9,365 (SARs) 

Option / 
SAR 
Exercise 
Price 
($)(3) 

Option / 
SAR 
Expiration 
Date 

107.42 

9/25/2025 

160.56 
228.04 
286.13 
236.15 
225.26 
247.79 
387.04 
234.91 

9/23/2026 
9/27/2027 
9/27/2028 
9/25/2029 
9/25/2030 
9/25/2030 
9/24/2031 
9/29/2032 

107.42 

9/25/2025 

134.28 
200.70 
285.05 
357.66 
295.19 
247.79 
247.79 
351.85 
213.55 

9/25/2025 
9/23/2026 
9/27/2027 
9/27/2028 
9/25/2029 
9/25/2030 
9/25/2030 
9/24/2031 
9/29/2032 

0 

   5,000 (SARs)  

262.31 

2/01/2033 

Stock Awards 
Number of 
Shares 
or Units of 
Stock 
That Have 
Not 
Vested 
(#)(4)(5) 

Market Value of 
Shares or Units 
of Stock That 
Have Not Vested 
($)(6) 

1,135 
4,418 
12,102 

267,281 
1,040,395 

2,849,900 

1,565 
982 
2,689 

1,418 
1,224 

368,542 
231,251 
633,233 

333,925 
288,240 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

4,360 (SARs) 

4,922 (SARs) 
8,526 (SARs) 
6,726 (SARs) 
2,592 (SARs) 

317 (SARs 

1,335 (SARs) 
990 (SARs) 
297 (SARs) 
1,062 (SARs) 

3,363 (SARs) 
5,185 (SARs) 
15,287 (SARs) 

496 (SARs) 
149 (SARs) 
2,124 (SARs) 
6,626 (SARs) 

228.04 

9/27/2027 

286.13 
236.15 
225.26 
351.85 
213.55 

9/27/2028 
9/25/2029 
9/25/2030 
9/24/2031 
9/29/2032 

229.99 

5/1/2029 

236.15 
225.26 
325.16 
351.85 
213.55 

9/25/2029 
9/25/2030 
5/1/2031 
9/24/2031 
9/29/2032 

832 
1,510 
4,390 

195,928 
355,590 
1,033,801 

257 
618 
1,902 

60,521 
145,533 
447,902 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
____________________ 

(1)  Represents exercisable or unexercisable SARs that vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, except for the Premium 
SARs granted to Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch on September 25, 2020 which vest in full on the first anniversary of the grant date. Upon the exercise of a SAR, the actual 
number of shares the Company will issue to the NEO is equal to the quotient of (i) the product of (x) the excess of the per share fair market value of our common 
stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price, multiplied by (y) the number of SARs exercised, divided by (ii) the per share fair market value of our common 
stock on the date of exercise, less any shares withheld to cover payment of applicable tax withholding obligations. 

(2)  The grant dates and vesting dates of each unexercisable SAR award as of July 31, 2023 are as follows: 

Number of 
Unexercisable 
SARs 

Grant Date 

Vesting Schedule of 
Original Total Grant 

Name 

Kirsten A. Lynch 

4,589  September 25, 
2020 

16,850  September 24, 
2021 

47,125  September 29, 
2022 

Robert A. Katz 

7,124  September 25, 
2020 

3,372  September 24, 
2021 

9,365  September 29, 
2022 

Angela A. Korch 

5,000  February 1, 
2023 

Michael 
Barkin(3) 
James 
O’Donnell 

Z. 

C. 

David T. Shapiro 

—  — 

—  — 

— 

— 

3,363  September 25, 
2020 

5,185  September 24, 
2021 

15,287  September 29, 
2022 

Ryan Bennett 

496  September 25, 
2020 

149  May 1, 2021 

2,124  September 24, 
2021 

Vesting Date 
(date award 
is 
vested in full) 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

Febraury 
2026 

1, 

— 

— 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

September 25, 
2023 

May 1, 2024 

September 24, 
2024 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,626  September 29, 
2022 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

September 29, 
2025 

____________________ 

(3)  The exercise price of each SAR is equal to the closing price of our common stock on the grant date, except for: the Premium SARs granted to Ms. Lynch with an 
exercise price of $387.04 and $234.91, which is equal to 110% of the closing price of our common stock on the grant date; the Premium SARs granted to Mr. Katz 
with exercise prices of $134.28, $200.70, $285.05, $357.66, and $295.19, which are equal to 125% of the closing price of our common stock on the grant date; and 
the Premium SARs granted to Mr. Katz and Ms. Lynch on September 25, 2020, with an exercise price of $247.79, which is equal to 110% of the closing price of 
our common stock on the grant date. 

(4)  Represents unvested RSUs that, unless otherwise specifically noted in footnote 5 below, vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary 

of the grant date. 

(5)  The grant dates and vesting dates of RSUs that have not vested as of July 31, 2023 are as follows: 

52 

 
 
 
Number of 
Unexercisable 
RSUs 

Grant Date 

Vesting Schedule of 
Original Total Grant 

Name 

Kirsten A. Lynch 

1,135  September 25, 
2020 

4,418  September 24, 
2021 

12,102  September 29, 
2022 

Robert A. Katz 

1,565  September 25, 
2020 

982  September 24, 
2021 

2,689  September 29, 
2022 

Angela A. Korch 

1,418  February 1, 
2023 

1,224  February 1, 
2023 

Michael Z. Barkin 

— 

— 

James 
O’Donnell 

C. 

David T. Shapiro 

—  — 

832  September 25, 
2020 

1,510  September 24, 
2021 

4,390  September 29, 
2022 

Ryan Bennett 

257  September 25, 
2020 

618  September 24, 
2021 

1,902  September 29, 
2022 

Vesting Date 
(date award 
is 
vested in full) 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

February 
2026 

1, 

February 
2026 

1, 

— 

— 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

September 25, 
2023 

September 24, 
2024 

September 29, 
2025 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

— 

— 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

Equal annual installments over 
a  three-year  period  beginning 
on  anniversary  of  the  grant 
date. 

____________________ 

(6)  The fair  market value of these unvested RSU awards was determined based on the closing price of our common stock of $235.49 per share on July 31, 2023, 

multiplied by the number of units. 

(7)  The unvested portion of Mr. Bennett’s fiscal 2023 equity awards was forfeited upon his separation from the Company on October 20, 2023. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED IN FISCAL 2023 

The following table shows for fiscal 2023 certain information regarding SAR exercises and stock vested during the last fiscal year 

with respect to the NEOs: 

Option Awards 

Stock Awards 

Number of 
Shares 
Acquired 
on 
Exercise 
(#)(1) 
— 

Value 
Realized on 
Exercise 
($)(2) 
— 

Number of 
Shares 
Acquired 
on 
Vesting 
(#)(1) 
4,494 

Value 
Realized 
on 
Vesting 
($)(3) 
935,516 

— 

37,383 

13,456 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

869,473 

140,189 

— 

— 

4,131 
0 

859,950 
0 

3,221 

670,516 

1,719 

357,844 

2,380 

495,445 

657 

136,768 

Name 
Kirsten A. 
Lynch 
Robert A. Katz 
Angela A. 
Korch 
Michael Z. 
Barkin 
James C. 
O’Donnell 
David T. 
Shapiro 
Ryan Bennett 
____________________ 

(1)  Represents the aggregate number of shares acquired on vesting or exercise, as applicable. The amounts shown do not reflect amounts withheld by the Company to 

satisfy tax withholding requirements or to satisfy the exercise price. 

(2)  The aggregate dollar value realized upon the exercise of options/SARs was computed by multiplying the difference between the market price of the Company’s 

common stock on the exercise date and the exercise price for the award by the number of awards exercised. 

(3)  The aggregate dollar value realized on the vesting of RSUs was computed by multiplying the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date by 

the number of shares vested. As the vesting dates fell on a Saturday or Sunday, the most recent business date closing price was used. 

PENSION BENEFITS 

The Company does not provide pension benefits or a defined contribution plan to the NEOs other than the Company’s tax-qualified 

401(k) plan. 

NONQUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION FOR FISCAL 2023 

Although the Company maintains certain deferred compensation arrangements, none of the NEOs participated in such arrangements 
in fiscal 2023 or otherwise had any earned or awarded benefit under any such deferred compensation arrangement for any prior fiscal 
year. 

POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL 

The employment agreement with Ms. Lynch and the Company’s executive severance policy, which applies to Messrs. Katz and 
Shapiro and Ms. Korch, require us to provide certain compensation in the event of certain terminations of employment or upon a change 
in  control  of  the  Company.  In  addition,  the  forms  of  equity  award  agreements  used  with  all  of  our  employees  provide  for  the  full 
acceleration of vesting of outstanding SARs, restricted stock, and RSUs upon a change in control of the Company if (i) the successor 
corporation does not assume or substitute such award or (ii) the executive’s employment is terminated without Cause within the 12-
month period following the change in control of the Company. In accordance with the employment agreement with Ms. Lynch, if she 
breaches the post-employment non-competition or non-solicitation covenants to which she is subject, then she must promptly reimburse 
the Company for any severance payments received from, or payable by, the Company. 

Under the terms of the Company's executive severance policy, the Company may terminate the executive at any time with or without 
Cause. If the executive’s employment is terminated without Cause or terminated by the executive for Good Reason in connection with 
or outside of a Change in Control (each, as defined below), then the executive shall be entitled, in exchange for a signed release, to 
receive  compensation  in  the  amounts  and  under  the  circumstances  described  below.  The  amount  of  severance  received  under  the 
Company's executive severance policy varies according to the executive’s grade and title. In general, covered executive employees are 
entitled to receive the following severance amounts under the Company's executive severance policy in the event of termination of 
employment of the covered executive by the Company without Cause or termination of employment by a covered executive for Good 
Reason: (i) for qualifying terminations occurring without a change in control, the covered executive is entitled to one year of base salary 

54 

 
 
(two years of base salary in the case of the CEO), (ii) for qualifying terminations following a change in control, (A) the CEO is entitled 
to receive two years of base salary plus an amount equal to the most recent bonus paid to the CEO, (B) executive vice presidents, senior 
executive vice presidents, and division presidents are each entitled to receive one year of base salary plus an amount equal to the most 
recent bonus paid to the executive and (C) vice presidents and senior vice presidents are entitled to receive one year of base salary.  

Under  the  terms  of  the  Company's  executive  severance  policy  and  Ms.  Lynch’s  employment  agreement,  “Cause”  is  generally 
defined as (i) any conduct related to the Company involving gross negligence, gross mismanagement, or the unauthorized disclosure of 
confidential information or trade secrets; (ii) dishonesty or a violation of the Company’s Code of Ethics and Business Conduct that has 
or  reasonably  could  be  expected  to  result  in  a  detrimental  impact  on  the  reputation,  goodwill,  or  business  position  of  any  of  the 
Companies; (iii) gross obstruction of business operations or illegal or disreputable conduct by executive that impairs or reasonably could 
be expected to impair the reputation, goodwill, or business position of any of the Companies, and any acts that violate any policy of the 
Company relating to discrimination or harassment; (iv) commission of a felony or a crime involving moral turpitude or the entrance of 
a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to a felony or a crime involving moral turpitude; or (v) any action involving a material breach of the 
terms of the employment agreement including material inattention to or material neglect of duties that executive has not have remedied 
within 30 days after receiving written notice from the Board specifying the details thereof.  

“Good Reason” is defined under the terms of the Company's executive severance policy as (i) the Company has decreased the 
executive’s then current base salary, (ii) the executive is directed to relocate their principal office more than 50 miles without their 
consent, and/or (iii) the Company has effected a material diminution in the executive’s reporting responsibilities, authority, or duties as 
in  effect  immediately  prior  to  such  change;  provided, however,  that  executive  does  not  have  the  right  to  terminate  executive’s 
employment agreement for Good Reason unless: (A) executive has provided notice to the Company of any of the foregoing conditions 
within 90 days of the initial existence of the condition; (B) the Company has been given at least 30 days after receiving such notice to 
cure such condition (other than if Good Reason is due to a Change in Control); and (C) executive actually terminates employment within 
six months following the initial existence of the condition.  

“Good Reason” is defined under the terms of Ms. Lynch’s employment agreement as (i) the Company has breached its obligations 
under the employment agreement in any material respect, (ii) the Company has decreased executive’s then current base salary, (iii) 
executive is directed to relocate executive’s principal office more than 30 miles from Interlocken Business Park without consent, and/or 
(iv) the Company has effected a material diminution in executive’s reporting responsibilities, authority, or duties as in effect immediately 
prior to such change; provided, however, that executive does not have the right to terminate executive’s employment agreement for 
Good Reason unless: (A) executive has provided notice to the Company of any of the foregoing conditions within 90 days of the initial 
existence of the condition; (B) the Company has been given at least 30 days after receiving such notice to cure such condition (other 
than if Good Reason is due to a Change in Control); and (C) executive actually terminates employment within six months following the 
initial existence of the condition. 

“Change  in  Control”  is  defined  under  the  terms  of  the  Company's  executive  severance  policy  and  Ms.  Lynch's  employment 
agreement as an event or series of events by which: (A) any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of 
the Exchange Act, but excluding any employee benefit plan of such person or its subsidiaries, and any person or entity acting in its 
capacity as trustee, agent, or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan) becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13d-
3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of 35% or more of the equity securities of the Company entitled to vote for 
members of the Board or equivalent governing body of the Company on a fully-diluted basis; or (B) during any period of twenty four 
consecutive months, a majority of the members of the Board or other equivalent governing body of the Company cease to be composed 
of individuals (1) who were members of that Board or equivalent governing body on the first day of such period, (2) whose election or 
nomination to that Board or equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clause (1) above constituting at the 
time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that Board or equivalent governing body, or (3) whose election or nomination 
to that Board or other equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clauses (1) and (2) above constituting at the 
time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that Board or equivalent governing body (excluding, in the case of both clause 
(2)  and  clause  (3),  any  individual  whose  initial  nomination  for,  or  assumption  of  office  as,  a  member  of  that  Board  or  equivalent 
governing body occurs as a result of an actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents for the election or removal of one or more 
directors by any person or group other than a solicitation for the election of one or more directors by or on behalf of the Board); or (C) 
any person or two or more persons acting in concert shall have acquired, by contract or otherwise, control over the equity securities of 
the Company entitled to vote for members of the Board or equivalent governing body of the Company on a fully-diluted basis (and 
taking into account all such securities that such person or group has the right to acquire pursuant to any option right) representing 51% 
or more of the combined voting power of such securities; or (D)the Company sells or transfers (other than by mortgage or pledge) all or 
substantially all of its properties and assets to, another “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the 
Exchange Act). 

The amounts shown in the tables below are estimates of the value of the payments and benefits each of our NEOs. 

Kirsten A. Lynch, Chief Executive Officer 

55 

 
Ms. Lynch’s employment agreement provides that upon (i) the giving of notice of non-renewal of the agreement by the Company 
or termination of employment by the Company without Cause or (ii) termination of employment by Ms. Lynch for Good Reason, Ms. 
Lynch is entitled to receive certain benefits (so long as she has executed a release in connection with her termination). In the event of a 
termination for Cause, Ms. Lynch will only be entitled to receive her then-current salary though the date of such termination. In the 
event of a termination without Cause of termination by Ms. Lynch for Good Reason, Ms. Lynch will be entitled to receive (i) her then 
current salary through the effective date of the termination, (ii) a pro-rated bonus for the portion of the Company’s fiscal year though 
the effective date of her termination, which pro-rated bonus is to be based on applying the level of achievement of her and the Company’s 
performance targets, and (iii) two years of her then current salary, payable in a lump sum. If, within twelve months of the consummation 
of a Change in Control of the Company, (i) the Company terminates Ms. Lynch without Cause or gives notice of non-renewal of her 
agreement or (ii) Ms. Lynch terminates her employment for Good Reason, Ms. Lynch is entitled to receive (so long as she has executed 
a release in connection with her termination): (a) her then current salary through the effective date of the termination, (b) a pro-rated 
bonus for the portion of the Company’s fiscal year though the effective date of her termination, which pro-rated bonus is to be based on 
applying the level of achievement of her and the Company’s performance targets, and (c) two years of her then current salary, payable 
in a lump sum, plus an amount equal to the cash bonus paid to Ms. Lynch in the prior calendar year, payable no later than two and a half 
months following the calendar year in which her termination occurs. 

The  following  table  describes  the  estimated  potential  compensation  to  Ms.  Lynch  upon  a  qualifying  termination  assuming  the 

termination occurred on July 31, 2023: 

Executive Benefits and Payments(1) 
Base Salary 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 
MIP Award 
Health Insurance 
Total 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
2,120,000 
4,231,854 
1,060,000         
 31,601 
7,443,455 

Termination without 
Cause or Resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($)(2) 
 2,120,000           
4,231,854 
2,248,300 
— 
8,600,154 

(1)  Assumes the following: (a) base salary equal to $1,060,000 is in effect as of the assumed termination or change in control date of July 31, 2023; (b) executive’s 
unvested RSUs and SARs at July 31,2023 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our common stock was $235.49) 
(see footnote 2); and (c) all Company targets under the MIP are met and executive’s pro rata MIP award payable as of the termination date is the target amount 
indicated under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards in the Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table above. 

(2)  Benefits triggered upon termination without Cause or resignation for Good Reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant to the 
Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 
and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced or in the event of a termination 
without Cause within 12 months of a change in control event. 

Robert A. Katz, Executive Chairperson 

Upon  his  departure  from  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  position  on  November  1,  2021,  Mr.  Katz’s  employment  agreement  was 

terminated and he became subject to the Company's executive severance policy.  

The  following  table  describes  the  estimated  potential  compensation  to  Mr.  Katz  upon  a  qualifying  termination  assuming  the 

termination occurred on July 31, 2023: 

Executive Benefits and Payments(1) 
Base Salary 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 
MIP Award 
Health Insurance 
Total 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
1,060,000 
— 
— 
— 
1,060,000 

Termination without 
Cause or Resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($)(2) 
1,060,000 
1,438,494 
— 
— 
2,498,494 

(1)  Assumes the following: (a) base salary equal to $1,060,000 is in effect as of the assumed termination or change in control date of July 31, 2023 and (b) executive’s 
unvested RSUs and SARs at July 31, 2023 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our common stock was $235.49) 
(see footnote 2). 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)  Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for Good Reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant to the 
Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 
and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced or in the event of a termination 
without cause within 12 months of a change in control event. 

Angela A. Korch, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

The  following  table  describes  the  estimated  potential  compensation  to  Ms.  Korch  upon  a  qualifying  termination  assuming  the 

termination occurred on July 31, 2023: 

Executive Benefits and Payments(1) 
Base Salary 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 
MIP Award 
Health Insurance 
Total 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
550,000 
— 

— 

— 
550,000 

Termination without 
Cause or Resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($)(2) 
550,000 
622,165 
86,367 
— 
1,258,532 

(1)  Assumes the following: (a) base salary equal to $550,000 is in effect as of the assumed termination or change in control date of July 31, 2023; and (b) executive’s 
unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2023 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our common stock was $235.49) 
(see footnote 2). 

(2)  Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for Good Reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant to the 
Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 
and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced or in the event of a termination 
without cause within 12 months of a change in control event. 

Michael Z. Barkin, Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 

Effective  upon  Mr.  Barkin’s  voluntary  resignation  from  the  company  on  December  31,  2022,  he  is  no  longer  eligible  for  a 

termination payment, as reflected in the following table.  

Executive Benefits and Payments(1) 
Base Salary 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 
MIP Award 
Health Insurance 
Total 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

Termination without 
Cause or Resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($) 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

(1)  Effective upon Mr. Barkin’s voluntary resignation from the company on December 31, 2022, he is no longer eligible for a termination payment. 

James C. O’Donnell, Former President - Mountain Division 

Mr. O’Donnell had an involuntary termination without Cause from the Company on March 3, 2023. In connection with his 

termination, Mr. O’Donnell entered into a severance agreement pursuant to which he received a severance payment under the 
Company’s executive severance policy and certain other benefits in exchange for a signed release of claims. As permitted by SEC 
guidance, the following tables reflects Mr. O’Donnell’s severance actually received in connection with is involuntary termination 
without Cause pursuant to his severance agreement. 

Executive Benefits and Payments 
Base Salary(1) 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
572,400 
— 

57 

Termination without 
Cause or Resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($) 
— 
— 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MIP Award 
Health Insurance(2) 
Total(3) 

— 
15,908 
588,308 

— 
— 
— 

(1)  Mr. O’Donnell received a severance payment following the involuntary termination of his employment without Cause on March 3, 2023. Pursuant to the Company’s 

executive severance plan and his severance agreement, Mr. O’Donnell received severance equal to one year of base salary. 

(2)  Pursuant to his severance agreement, Mr. O’Donnell also received a payment in the amount of $15,908, which was equal to the cost of COBRA coverage for 6 

months. 

(3)  Pursuant to his severance agreement, Mr. O’Donnell also received active ski passes for the remainder of the 2022-23 ski season for himself and his dependents, with 

a de minimis value.  

David T. Shapiro, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 

The following table describes the estimated potential compensation to Mr. Shapiro upon a qualifying termination assuming the 

termination occurred on July 31, 2023: 

Executive Benefits and Payments(1) 
Base Salary 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 
MIP Award 
Health Insurance 
Total 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
609,500 
— 
— 
— 
609,500 

Termination without 
Cause or resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($)(2) 
609,500 
1,955,119 
95,234 
— 
2,659,853 

(1)  Assumes the following: (a) base salary equal to $609,500 is in effect as of the assumed termination or change in control date of July 31, 2023; (b) executive’s 
unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2023 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our common stock was $235.49) 
(see footnote 2); and (c) MIP award payable under the Company’s executive severance policy upon a termination following a change in control is equal to the most 
recent MIP award paid to the executive. 

(2)  Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for Good Reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant to the 
Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021and 
beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced or in the event of a termination without 
cause within 12 months of a change in control event. 

Ryan Bennett, Former Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer 

Mr. Bennett had an involuntary termination without Cause from the Company effective as of October 20, 2023. In connection with 
Mr. Bennett’s termination, the Company entered into a severance agreement pursuant to which he will receive a severance payment 
under the Company’s executive severance policy and certain other benefits in exchange for a signed release of claims. The following 
table describes the estimated potential compensation to Mr. Bennett upon a qualifying termination assuming the termination occurred 
on July 31, 2023: 

Executive Benefits and Payments(1) 
Base Salary 
SAR/RSU Acceleration 
MIP Award(3) 
Health Insurance(4) 
Total 

Termination without Cause 
or Resignation for Good 
Reason 
($) 
472,760 
— 
— 
— 
472,760 

Termination without 
Cause or Resignation for 
Good Reason following 
Change in Control 
($)(2) 
472,760 
804,404 
— 
— 
1,227,164 

(1)  Assumes the following: (a) base salary equal to $472,760 is in effect as of the assumed termination or change in control date of July 31, 2023; and (b) executive’s 
unvested SARs and RSUs at July 31, 2023 would be subject to accelerated vesting on that date (when the closing price per share of our common stock was $235.49) 
(see footnote 2). 

(2)  Benefits triggered upon termination without cause or resignation for Good Reason would apply in the same manner following a change in control pursuant to the 
Company’s executive severance policy when the new owners are bound by the terms of the executive severance policy. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 
and beyond, in the event of a change in control, equity will only have accelerated vesting if an award is not assumed or replaced or in the event of a termination 
without cause within 12 months of a change in control event. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)  Under the Company’s MIP, Mr. Bennett earned and has received his fiscal year 2023 MIP Award because he was employed as of the MIP payment date. Please see 

page 41 of this proxy statement for final MIP Award amounts.     

(4)  Pursuant to his severance agreement, Mr. Bennett is entitled to receive a payment in the amount of $16,827.06, which is equal to the cost of COBRA coverage for 

6 months.  

SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS  

The following table summarizes the Company’s equity compensation plans as of July 31, 2023: 

Plan Category 

Equity compensation plans approved by 
security holders 
Equity compensation plans not 
approved by security holders 

Total 

(a) 
Number of securities 
to be issued upon 
exercise of 
outstanding options, 
warrants and 
rights(1)(2) 
(in thousands) 

879  

— 
879 

(b) 
Weighted average 
exercise price of  
outstanding options, 
warrants and rights 

(c) 
Number of securities 
remaining available for 
future issuance under equity 
compensation plans 
(excluding securities 
reflected in column (a)) 
(in thousands) 

$235.69 

2,137 

—          
$235.69 

— 
2,137 

(1) 

Includes 169,000 RSUs that are not included in the calculation of the Weighted-Average Exercise Price in column (b). 

(2) 

Includes the gross number of shares underlying outstanding SARs. Upon the exercise of a SAR, the actual number of shares we will issue to the participant is equal 
the quotient of (i) the product of (x) the excess of the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise over the exercise price, multiplied by 
(y) the number of SARs exercised, divided by (ii) the per share fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise, less any shares withheld to cover 
payment of applicable tax withholding obligations. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PAY RATIO DISCLOSURE 

As required by Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 402(u) of Regulation 
S-K  (we  refer  to  the  statute  and  the  regulation  collectively  as  the  “pay  ratio  rule”),  we  are  providing  the  ratio  of  the  annual  total 
compensation of our CEO, to the annual total compensation of our median employee. The pay ratio included in this information is a 
reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with the pay ratio rule. 

We determined our median employee as of July 31, 2023, which is the last day of our fiscal 2023. On July 31, 2023, we had 17,285 

employees, 7,734 of which were year-round employees and 9,551 of which were seasonal employees. 

To identify the “median employee” for the purposes of this disclosure, we analyzed the compensation that we paid to each of those 
individuals  for  the 12-month  period  ending  on  July  31,  2023. We  considered  each  employee’s  “compensation”  to consist  of (i)  the 
employee’s total gross earnings for a 12-month period ending on July 31, 2023 or June 30, 2023 in the case of Australian employees, 
plus (ii) the estimated amount of the Company’s contributions for that period to the retirement plans in which the employee participates 
based upon the employee’s deferral elections on the date identified. For our Canadian employees, the rate of pay was converted using 
the conversion rate CAD$1.0000 to USD$0.7599 as of July 31, 2023. For our Australian employees, the rate of pay was converted using 
the conversion rate of AUD$1.0000 to USD$0.6730 as of July 31, 2023. For our Swiss employees, the rate of pay was converted using 
the conversion rate CHF$1.0000 to USD$1.1510 as of July 31, 2023. No cost-of-living adjustments were made.   

Total  Annual  Compensation  of  our  CEO  in  fiscal  2023  was  $6,195,302  and  was  based  on  the  compensation  reportable  in  the 
Summary  Compensation  Table  according  to  applicable  instructions  and  interpretations.  When  compared  to  the  total  annual 
compensation for our median employee of $25,538, this results in a pay ratio of 243:1. 

The  nature  of  our  operations  requires  the  use  of  many  seasonal  and  part-time  employees  who  do  not  work  year-round,  and 
accordingly, we are providing a supplemental disclosure annualizing the compensation of such employees. To identify the “median 
employee” for purposes of this supplemental disclosure, we analyzed the compensation that we paid to each of those individuals for the 
12-month period ending on July 31, 2023. We considered each employee’s “compensation” to consist of (i) the employee’s total gross 
earnings for the 12-month period ending July 31, 2023 or June 30, 2023 in the case of Australian employees, plus (ii) the estimated 
amount of the Company’s contributions for that period to the retirement plans in which the employee participates. The compensation 
for seasonal or part-time employees who were not employed by us for the entire 12-month period was annualized to reflect compensation 
for a comparable period (or 2,080 hours worked during the year). The same Canadian dollar, Australian dollar and Swiss franc currency 
conversion rates as stated above were used for this supplemental disclosure. No cost of living adjustments were made.  

Using the total annual compensation of our CEO in fiscal 2023 of $6,195,302 when compared to the total annualized compensation 

for the median employee selected for this supplemental disclosure as of July 31, 2023 of $48,511, results in a pay ratio of 128:1. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
PAY VERSUS PERFORMANCE DISCLOSURE 

As required by Section 953(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and Item 402(v) 
of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following disclosure regarding the relationship between executive compensation actually paid 
to our principal executive officers (“PEOs”) and Non-PEO NEOs and certain Company financial performance for the fiscal years listed 
below.  The Compensation Committee did not consider the pay versus performance disclosure below in making its pay decisions for 
any  of  the  years  shown.  For  further  information  concerning  the  Company’s  variable  pay-for-performance  philosophy  and  how  the 
Company  aligns  executive  compensation  with  the  Company’s  performance,  please  see  “Compensation  Discussion  and  Analysis” 
beginning on page 33. 

Summary 
Compensat
ion Table 
Total for 
Robert A. 
Katz¹  
($) 

Summary 
Compensat
ion Table 
Total for 
Kirsten A. 
Lynch¹  
($) 

Compensat
ion 
Actually 
Paid to 
Robert A. 
Katz¹˒²˒³  
($) 

Compensat
ion 
Actually 
Paid to 
Kirsten A. 
Lynch¹˒²˒³  
($) 

Average 
Summary 
Compensat
ion Table 
Total for 
Non-PEO 
NEOs¹  
($) 

Average 
Compensat
ion 
Actually 
Paid to 
Non-PEO 
NEOs¹˒²˒³  
($) 

(b) 
— 

(b) 
(c) 
6,195,302  — 

(c) 
7,161,467 

(d) 
1,648,434 

(e) 
1,079,735 

2,022,454 

6,609,628 

1,866,128 

4,684,527 

2,275,391 

1,588,826 

3,814,789  — 

8,379,431  — 

2,116,605 

4,304,689 

(f) 
129.
51 
126.
04 
158.
93 

Value of 
Initial Fixed 
$100 
Investment 
based on:4 
TSR 
($) 

Peer 
Gro
up 
TSR 
($) 
(g) 
157.4
5 
119.6
5 
146.9
3 

Net 
Incom
e 
($ 
Millio
ns) 

Resort 
Report
ed 
EBITD
A⁵  
($ 
Million
s) 

(h) 
285.1 

(i) 
834.8 

368.3 

836.9 

124.5 

544.7 

Yea
r 

(a) 
202
3 
202
2 
202
1 

(1) 

 Robert A. Katz was our PEO from August 1, 2020 to November 1, 2021. Kirsten Lynch was our PEO from November 1, 2021 
to the present. The individuals comprising the Non-PEO NEOs for each year presented are listed below. 

2021 
Michael Z. Barkin 
David T. Shapiro 
James C. O'Donnell 
Kirsten A. Lynch 
Patricia A. Campbell 

2022 
Michael Z. Barkin 
David T. Shapiro 
James C. O'Donnell 
Ryan Bennett 

2023 
Michael Z. Barkin 
David T. Shapiro 
James C. O'Donnell 
Robert A. Katz 
Ryan Bennett 
Angela A. Korch 

(2) 

(3) 

Year 

2022 
2021 

The amounts shown for Compensation Actually Paid have been calculated in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K 
and do not reflect compensation actually earned, realized, or received by the Company’s NEOs. These amounts reflect the 
Summary Compensation Table Total with certain adjustments as described in footnote 3 below. 

Compensation Actually Paid reflects the exclusions and inclusions of certain amounts for the PEOs and the Non-PEO NEOs 
computed  in  accordance  with  Item  402(v)  of  Regulation  S-K  as  set  forth  below.  Adjusted  equity  values  are  calculated  in 
accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The same valuation methodologies to create the underlying assumptions were used to 
calculate the fair values of equity awards as those disclosed at the time of grant. Amounts in the Exclusion of Stock Awards 
and  Option  Awards  column  are  the  totals  from  the  Stock  Awards  and  Option  Awards  columns  set  forth  in  the  Summary 
Compensation Table. The Company did not have a defined benefit pension plan in the covered years, so no pension adjustments 
were made. 

Summary 
Compensation Table 
Total for Robert Katz 
($) 

2,022,454 
3,814,789 

Exclusion of Stock 
Awards and Option 
Awards for Robert 
Katz 
($) 
(999,833) 
(2,971,795) 

61 

Inclusion of Adjusted 
Equity Values for 
Robert Katz 
($) 

Total Compensation 
Actually Paid to Robert 
Katz 
($) 

843,507 
7,536,437 

1,866,128 
8,379,431 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Year 

2023 
2022 

Year 

2023 
2022 
2021 

Summary 
Compensation Table 
Total for Kirsten 
Lynch 
($) 
6,195,302 
6,609,628 

Exclusion of Stock 
Awards and Option 
Awards for Kirsten 
Lynch 
($) 
(4,769,816) 
(4,499,972) 

Inclusion of Adjusted 
Equity Values for 
Kirsten Lynch 
($) 

Total Compensation 
Actually Paid to 
Kirsten Lynch 
($) 

5,735,981 
2,574,871 

7,161,467 
4,684,527 

Summary 
Compensation Table 
Total for Non-PEO 
NEOs 
($) 

1,648,434 
2,275,391 
2,116,605 

Average Exclusion of 
Stock Awards and 
Option Awards for 
Non- 
PEO NEOs 
($) 
(977,487) 
(1,331,959) 
(1,495,765) 

Average Inclusion of 
Adjusted Equity 
Values for Non- 
PEO NEOs 
($) 

Total Average 
Compensation Actually 
Paid to Non- 
PEO NEOs 
($) 

408,788 
645,394 
3,683,849 

1,079,735 
1,588,826 
4,304,689 

The amounts in the Inclusion of Adjusted Equity Values in the tables above are derived from the amounts set forth in the following 
tables: 

Year 

Year-End Fair 
Value of Equity 
Awards 
Granted 
During Year 
That Remained 
Unvested as of 
Last Day of 
Year for 
Robert Katz ($) 

Change in Fair 
Value from 
Last Day of 
Prior Year to 
Last Day of 
Year of 
Unvested 
Equity Awards 
for Robert Katz 
($) 

Vesting-Date 
Fair Value of 
Equity Awards 
Granted 
During Year 
that Vested 
During Year 
for Robert 
Katz ($) 

2022 
2021 

570,565  
5,624,664  

(1,250,375) 
1,541,752  

— 
— 

Change in Fair 
Value from 
Last Day of 
Prior Year to 
Vesting Date of 
Unvested 
Equity Awards 
that Vested 
During Year 
for Robert 
Katz ($) 
1,523,317  
370,021  

Fair Value at 
Last Day of 
Prior Year of 
Equity Awards 
Forfeited 
During Year 
for Robert 
Katz ($) 

Total - 
Inclusion of 
Adjusted 
Equity Values 
for Robert 
Katz ($) 

— 
— 

843,507  
7,536,437  

Year-End Fair 
Value of Equity 
Awards 
Granted 
During Year 
That Remained 
Unvested as of 
Last Day of 
Year for 
Kirsten Lynch 
($) 
6,048,457  
2,575,970  

Change in Fair 
Value from 
Last Day of 
Prior Year to 
Last Day of 
Year of 
Unvested 
Equity Awards 
for Kirsten 
Lynch ($) 

Vesting-Date 
Fair Value of 
Equity Awards 
Granted 
During Year 
that Vested 
During Year 
for Kirsten 
Lynch ($) 

6,587  
(845,576) 

— 
— 

Change in Fair 
Value from 
Last Day of 
Prior Year to 
Vesting Date of 
Unvested 
Equity Awards 
that Vested 
During Year 
for Kirsten 
Lynch ($) 
(319,063) 
844,477  

Fair Value at 
Last Day of 
Prior Year of 
Equity Awards 
Forfeited 
During Year 
for Kirsten 
Lynch ($) 

Total - 
Inclusion of 
Adjusted 
Equity Values 
for Kirsten 
Lynch ($) 

— 
— 

5,735,981  
2,574,871  

Average Year-
End Fair Value 
of Equity 
Awards 

Average 
Change in Fair 
Value from 
Last Day of 

Average 
Vesting- Date 
Fair Value of 
Equity Awards 

Average 
Change in Fair 
Value from 
Last Day of 

Average Fair 
Value at Last 
Day of Prior 
Year of Equity 

Total - Average 
Inclusion of 
Adjusted 
Equity Values 

62 

Year 

2023 
2022 

Year 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Granted 
During Year 
That Remained 
Unvested as of 
Last Day of 
Year for Non-
PEO NEOs ($) 

Prior Year to 
Last Day of 
Year of 
Unvested 
Equity Awards 
for Non-PEO 
NEOs ($) 

Granted 
During Year 
that Vested 
During Year 
for Non-PEO 
NEOs ($) 

900,201  
760,099  
2,633,281  

(189) 
(494,312) 
873,537  

— 
— 
— 

Prior Year to 
Vesting Date of 
Unvested 
Equity Awards 
that Vested 
During Year 
for Non- PEO 
NEOs ($) 
(150,012) 
379,607  
177,031  

for Non-PEO 
NEOs ($) 

Awards 
Forfeited 
During Year 
for Non- PEO 
NEOs ($) 

(341,212) 
— 
— 

408,788  
645,394  
3,683,849  

The Peer Group Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) set forth in this table utilizes the Dow Jones U.S. Travel & Leisure Index, 
which we also utilize in the stock performance graph required by Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K included in our Annual Report 
for the year ended July 31, 2023. The comparison assumes $100 was invested for the period starting July 31, 2020, through the 
end  of  the  listed  year  in  the  Company  and  in  the  Dow  Jones  U.S.  Travel  &  Leisure  Index,  respectively.  Historical  stock 
performance is not necessarily indicative of future stock performance. 

We  determined  Resort  Reported  EBITDA  to  be  the  most  important  financial  performance  measure  used  to  link  Company 
performance to Compensation Actually Paid to our PEOs and Non-PEO NEOs in 2023. Resort Reported EBITDA is a non-
GAAP  financial  measure,  calculated  as  earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation  and  amortization,  as  reported  for  our 
Mountain and Lodging segments combined. For a reconciliation of the differences between Resort Reported EBITDA and the 
most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, see Appendix A of this proxy statement. This performance measure may 
not have been the most important financial performance measure for years 2022 and 2021 and we may determine a different 
financial performance measure to be the most important financial performance measure in future years.  

2023 
2022 
2021 

(4) 

(5) 

63 

 
 
 
 
Relationship Between PEOs and Non-PEO NEO Compensation Actually Paid and Company TSR 

The following chart sets forth the relationship between Compensation Actually Paid to our PEOs, the average of Compensation Actually 
Paid to our Non-PEO NEOs, and the Company’s cumulative TSR over the three most recently completed fiscal years. 

64 

 
 
 
 
Relationship Between PEO and Non-PEO NEO Compensation Actually Paid and Net Income 

The following chart sets forth the relationship between Compensation Actually Paid to our PEO, the average of Compensation Actually 
Paid to our Non-PEO NEOs, and our Net Income during the three most recently completed fiscal years. 

65 

 
 
 
 
Relationship Between PEO and Non-PEO NEO Compensation Actually Paid and Resort Reported EBITDA 

The following chart sets forth the relationship between Compensation Actually Paid to our PEO, the average of Compensation Actually 
Paid to our Non-PEO NEOs, and our Resort Reported EBITDA during the three most recently completed fiscal years. 

66 

 
 
 
 
Description of Relationship Between Company TSR and Peer Group TSR 

The following chart compares our cumulative TSR over the three most recently completed fiscal years to that of the Dow Jones U.S. 
Travel & Leisure Index over the same period. 

67 

 
 
 
 
Tabular List of Most Important Financial Performance Measures 

Resort Reported EBITDA was the only financial performance measure that the Company used to link Compensation Actually Paid to 
our PEO and Non-PEO NEOs for 2023 to Company performance.  

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PROPOSAL 2. RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT 
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

The  Audit  Committee  has  selected,  and  the  Board  has  ratified  the  selection  of,  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  to  serve  as  our 
independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  for  fiscal  2024,  and  has  further  directed  that  management  submit  the  selection  of 
independent auditors for ratification by the stockholders at the annual meeting. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has been the Company’s 
independent registered public accounting firm since 2002. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP expects to have a representative at the annual 
meeting who will have the opportunity to make a statement and who will be available to answer appropriate questions. 

Neither  the  Company’s  Bylaws  nor  other  governing  documents  or  law  require  stockholder  ratification  of  the  selection  of 
PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  as  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm.  However,  the  Audit  Committee  is 
submitting the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate practice. If 
the stockholders fail to ratify the selection, the Audit Committee will reconsider whether or not to retain PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. 
It  is  understood  that  even  if  the  selection  is  ratified,  the  Audit  Committee,  in  its  discretion,  may  direct  the  appointment  of  a  new 
independent accounting firm at any time during the year if the Audit Committee believes that such a change would be in the best interests 
of the Company and its stockholders. 

FEES BILLED TO VAIL RESORTS BY PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP DURING FISCAL 2023 AND FISCAL 
2022 

Audit Fees. Audit fees (including expenses) billed (or billable) to the Company by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the audit of 
our annual financial statements included in our Form 10-K and the review of the financial statements included in our Forms 10-Q with 
respect to fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022 were $3,945,000 and $3,491,000, respectively. For both fiscal years, such fees included fees for 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s examination of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Audit-Related Fees. There were no audit-related fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to fiscal 2023 and fiscal 

2022. 

Tax Fees. Tax fees billed (or billable) by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022 were $190,000 
and  $217,800,  respectively.  Such  fees  were  related  to  tax  services  provided  to  the  Company  in  connection  with  international  tax 
compliance.  

All Other Fees. All other fees (including expenses) billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to fiscal 2023 and fiscal 

2022 were $2,000 and $2,000, respectively. Such fees were related to software licensing fees for technical research tools. 

The  Audit  Committee  determined  that  the  provision  of  services  other  than  audit services by  PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP  was 

compatible with maintaining PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s independence. 

The  Audit  Committee  has  the  sole  authority  to  approve  all  audit  engagement  fees  and  terms  and  pre-approve  all  audit  and 
permissible non-audit services provided by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee has 
delegated authority to the Chair of the Audit Committee to pre-approve services between Audit Committee meetings, which must be 
reported to the full Audit Committee at its next meeting. Fees for permissible non-audit services that are not pre-approved must be less 
than 5% of total fees paid. For fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, all of the fees included under the headings “Tax Fees” and “All Other Fees” 
above were pre-approved by the Audit Committee. 

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION OF 

PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP AS THE COMPANY’S INDEPENDENT REGISTERED 
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JULY 31, 2024. 

69 

 
 
 
 
PROPOSAL 3. ADVISORY VOTE TO APPROVE EXECUTIVE 
COMPENSATION 

As required by Section 14A of the Exchange Act, we are asking stockholders to approve an advisory resolution, 
commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay” resolution, approving our executive compensation as reported in this proxy 
statement. As described in the CD&A section of this proxy statement, our executive compensation program is designed 
to  incentivize  achievement  of  short  and  long-term  Company  and  individual  performance.  We  believe  this 
compensation approach aligns the interests of our executive officers with those of our stockholders. 

The Compensation Committee has structured our executive compensation program to achieve the following key 

objectives: 

•  Emphasizing Pay-for-Performance. Emphasize pay-for-performance by tying annual and long-term 

compensation incentives to achievement of specified performance objectives or overall stock performance. 

•  Attracting, Retaining, and Motivating. Attract, retain, and motivate talented executives who will determine 
our long-term success through a program competitive with compensation paid by companies in the same 
market for executive talent. 

•  Rewarding  Contributions  and  Creating  Long-Term  Value.  Recognize  and  reward  contributions  of  all 
employees, including executive officers, in achieving strategic goals and business objectives, while aligning 
the program with stockholder interests. 

We encourage stockholders to read the CD&A (as well as the other tables and narrative disclosures included in 
this  proxy  statement),  which  describes  in  more  detail  how  our  executive  compensation  program  operates  and  is 
designed to achieve our compensation objectives, including through the use of annual incentive awards, long-term 
equity awards, a high percentage of compensation that is variable or “at-risk,” and performance-based stock awards 
for our CEO. The Compensation Committee and the Board believe that the policies and procedures articulated in the 
CD&A are effective in achieving our goals and that the compensation of our named executive officers reported in this 
proxy statement has supported and contributed to the Company’s recent and long-term success and is aligned with the 
interests of our stockholders. 

At  the  2022  annual  meeting,  we  submitted  a  “say-on-pay”  resolution  to  our  stockholders.  Our  stockholders 
approved this proposal with approximately 97% of the votes cast on the proposal voting in favor of the resolution. 
Because our Board views the annual advisory vote as a good corporate governance practice, and because at our 2017 
annual meeting approximately 93% of the votes cast on the frequency proposal were in favor of an annual advisory 
vote, we are again asking stockholders to approve the compensation of our NEOs as disclosed in this proxy statement.  

Accordingly, the Board unanimously recommends that stockholders approve the following advisory resolution at 

the annual meeting: 

“RESOLVED,  that  the  compensation  paid  to  the  named  executive  officers  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  as  disclosed 
pursuant  to  the  rules of  the Securities  and Exchange  Commission,  including  the  CD&A,  compensation  tables  and 
related narrative discussion, is hereby APPROVED.” 

Although this vote is advisory and is not binding on the Company, the Compensation Committee will take into 

account the outcome of the vote when considering future executive compensation decisions. 

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF EXECUTIVE 
COMPENSATION. 

70 

 
 
 
 
PROPOSAL 4. ADVISORY VOTE ON THE FREQUENCY OF FUTURE ADVISORY 
VOTES ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

We  are  also  asking  stockholders  to  indicate  their  preference  as  to  whether  future  advisory  votes  on  executive 
compensation, of the nature reflected in Proposal 3 above, should occur every year, every two years or every three 
years. 

At our 2017 annual meeting approximately 93% of the votes cast on the frequency proposal were in favor of an annual 
advisory vote. Given the previous stockholder voting and after careful consideration, the Board has determined that 
holding an advisory vote on executive compensation every year continues to be the most appropriate policy for the 
Company at this time and recommends that stockholders vote for future advisory votes on executive compensation to 
occur  every  year.  While  the  Company’s  executive  compensation  programs  are  designed  to  promote  a  long-term 
connection between pay and performance, the Board recognizes that executive compensation disclosures are made 
annually. Holding an annual advisory vote on executive compensation provides the Company with more direct and 
immediate feedback on our compensation disclosures. 

We understand that our stockholders may have different views as to what is an appropriate frequency for advisory 
votes on executive compensation, and we will carefully review the voting results on this proposal. Stockholders will 
be  able  to  specify  one  of  four  choices  for  this  proposal  on  the  proxy  card:  1  year,  2  years,  3  years,  or  abstain. 
Stockholders  are  not  voting  to  approve  or  disapprove  the  Board's  recommendation.  This  advisory  vote  on  the 
frequency  of  future  advisory  votes  on  executive  compensation  is  not  binding  on  the  Board.  Notwithstanding  the 
Board's  recommendation  and  the outcome  of  the  stockholder  vote,  the Board  may  in the future decide  to  conduct 
advisory votes on a less frequent basis and may vary its practice based on factors such as discussions with stockholders 
and the adoption of material changes to compensation programs. 

THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE TO CONDUCT FUTURE ADVISORY VOTES ON 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION EVERY "ONE YEAR." 

71 

 
 
 
 
THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 

How can stockholders attend the annual meeting? 

We look forward to continuing to provide expanded access, improved communication, and cost savings for the 
Company and our stockholders by holding our Annual Meeting entirely online. We believe a live virtual meeting 
enables increased stockholder attendance and participation and is an efficient use of resources for our stockholders 
and the Company. Accordingly, this year’s annual meeting will be held in live virtual format. Only such stockholders 
as of the close of business on October 10, 2023, their proxy holders, and our invited guests may attend the Annual 
Meeting. To participate in the virtual annual meeting, visit www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2023 and log in using 
the  16-digit  control  number  printed  in  the  box  marked  by  the  arrow  on  your  proxy  card.  If  you  encounter  any 
difficulties accessing the virtual meeting during the check-in or course of the annual meeting, please call 844-986-
0822 (U.S.) or 303-562-9302 (international) for assistance. 

What is the agenda for the annual meeting? 

The annual meeting will include a discussion of and voting on matters described in the Notice of 2023 Annual 
Meeting  of  Stockholders  and  Proxy  Statement  and  a  brief  question  and  answer  session.  The  question  and  answer 
session will be limited only to questions relating to the proposals set forth in the Notice and Proxy Statement. We will 
not be providing a business update or answering any business or company performance related questions at the annual 
meeting as we will be releasing our results for the first quarter of fiscal 2024 the following day and holding an investor 
call to discuss the results at such time. If you wish to submit a question relating to the proposals set forth in the Notice 
and  Proxy  Statement,  immediately  before  or  during  the  meeting,  log  into  the  virtual  meeting  platform  at 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2023 type your question into the “Ask a Question” field, and click “Submit.” 

What is the difference between a stockholder of record and a “street name” holder? 

If your shares of the Company’s common stock are registered directly in your name with the Company’s transfer 

agent, EQ Shareowner Services, then you are a stockholder of record. 

If your shares are not held in your name, but rather are held through an intermediary, such as in an account at a 
brokerage firm or by a bank, trustee or other nominee, then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street 
name.” However, as a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker or other nominee regarding how to 
vote the shares held in your account. 

Who is entitled to vote at or attend the annual meeting? 

Holders of record and street name holders (subject to the requirements below) of our common stock as of the 
close of business on October 10, 2023, which we refer to as the record date, are entitled to vote. On the record date, 
we had 38,090,029 shares of common stock outstanding. You are entitled to attend the annual meeting only if you 
were a stockholder or joint holder as of the record date or you hold a valid proxy for the annual meeting. 

If you are a stockholder of record: 

If you are a stockholder of record, you may vote at the virtual meeting or vote by proxy. Whether or not you plan 
to attend the annual meeting, we urge you to vote by proxy in advance of the annual meeting over the telephone or on 
the Internet as instructed in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials to ensure your vote is counted. 

If you are a street name holder: 

If you are a street name holder, you may not vote your shares at the virtual annual meeting unless you request and 
obtain  a  valid  proxy  from  your  broker  or  other  nominee  and  follow  the  instructions  on  how  to  attend  the  virtual 
meeting.  If  you  want  to  attend  the  virtual  annual  meeting,  but  not  vote  at  the  meeting,  you  must  also  follow  the 
instructions of your broker or other nominee on how to attend the virtual meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend 

72 

 
 
the annual meeting, we urge you to vote by proxy or otherwise instruct your nominee how to vote on your behalf in 
advance of the annual meeting in accordance with the instructions provided by your bank, broker, trustee or other 
nominee. 

How do I vote my shares? 

If you are a stockholder of record of our common shares: By Telephone or the Internet 

Stockholders of record can vote their shares via telephone or the Internet as instructed in the Notice of Internet 
Availability of Proxy Materials. The telephone and Internet procedures are designed to authenticate a stockholder’s 
identity, to allow stockholders to vote their shares and confirm that their instructions have been properly recorded. 

The telephone and Internet voting facilities will close at 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on December 5, 2023.  

By Mail 

Stockholders who elect to vote by mail should request a paper proxy card by telephone or Internet and should 
complete, sign and date their proxy cards and mail them in the pre-addressed envelopes that accompany the delivery 
of paper proxy cards. Proxy cards submitted by mail must be received by the time of the meeting in order for your 
shares to be voted. 

By Participating in the Virtual Annual Meeting 

Stockholders  of  record  who  wish  to  vote  electronically  at  the  virtual  annual  meeting  may  visit 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2023 log in using the 16-digit control number printed in the box marked by the 
arrow on your proxy card, click on the vote button on the screen and follow the instructions provided. 

If you are a street name holder of our common shares:  

By Telephone or the Internet 

If  your  broker  or  other  nominee  provides  for  a  means  to  submit  your  voting  instructions  by  telephone  or  the 

Internet, you will be provided with directions on doing so by your broker or other nominee. 

By Mail 

Street name holders may vote by mail by requesting a paper voting instruction card according to the instructions 

contained in the materials received from your broker or other nominee. 

By Participating in the Virtual Annual Meeting 

Street  name  holders  who  wish 

the  virtual  annual  meeting  may  visit 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/MTN2023 log in using the 16-digit control number printed in the box marked by the 
arrow on your proxy card, click on the vote button on the screen and follow the instructions provided. 

to  vote  electronically  at 

Can I change my vote? 

If you are a stockholder of record of common stock, you may change your vote at any time prior to the vote at the 

annual meeting by: 

• 
• 

• 

providing timely delivery of a later-dated proxy (including by telephone or Internet vote); 
providing  timely  written  notice  of  revocation  to  our  Secretary  at  390  Interlocken  Crescent,  Broomfield, 
Colorado 80021; or 
attending the virtual annual meeting and voting electronically. 

73 

 
To be timely, later dated proxy cards and written notices if revocation is submitted by mail, must be received by 
the time of the annual meeting. In order to change your vote by telephone or Internet, you must do so before the 
telephone and Internet voting facilities close at 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on December 5, 2023. 

If you are a street name holder of common stock, you may change your vote by timely submitting new voting 
instructions to your broker or other nominee following the instructions they provided, or, if you have obtained a valid 
proxy from your broker or other nominee giving you the right to vote your shares, by attending the virtual meeting 
and voting electronically. 

How many shares must be present or represented to conduct business at the annual meeting? 

The quorum requirement for holding the annual meeting and transacting business is that holders of a majority of 
the issued and outstanding common stock that is entitled to vote must be present virtually or represented by proxy. 
Both abstentions and broker non-votes described below are counted for the purpose of determining the presence of a 
quorum. If there is no quorum, the holders of a majority of shares present at the virtual meeting or represented by 
proxy may adjourn the annual meeting to another date. 

How are abstentions treated? 

Abstentions are counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present. For purposes of determining 
whether the stockholders have approved a matter, abstentions are not treated as votes cast affirmatively or negatively, 
and therefore do not have any effect on the outcome of a matter to be voted on at the annual meeting that requires an 
affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by holders of our common stock present virtually or by proxy at the 
annual meeting. A “majority of votes cast” means the number of “FOR” votes exceeds the number of “AGAINST” 
votes. 

What are “broker non-votes”? 

If you hold shares in street name through a broker and do not provide your broker with voting instructions, your 
shares  may  constitute  “broker  non-votes.”  Generally,  broker  non-votes  occur  on  a  matter  when  a  broker  is  not 
permitted to vote on that matter without instructions from the beneficial owner and instructions are not given by the 
beneficial owner. In tabulating the voting result for any particular proposal, shares that constitute broker non-votes 
are considered present for the purpose of determining a quorum but are not considered entitled to vote or votes cast 
on that proposal. Thus, a broker non-vote will make a quorum more readily attainable, but, broker non-votes will not 
affect the outcome of any matter being voted on at the annual meeting, assuming that a quorum is obtained. 

If  your  shares  are  held  in  street  name  and  you  do  not  instruct  your  broker  on  how  to  vote  your  shares,  your 
brokerage firm, in its discretion, may either leave your shares unvoted or vote your shares on “routine” matters. The 
proposal  to  ratify  the  selection  of  our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  for  the  current  fiscal  year 
(Proposal  2)  is  considered  a  routine  matter.  Under  the  rules  of  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange,  or  the  NYSE,  the 
election  of  directors  (Proposal  1)  and  the  advisory  vote  to  approve  executive  compensation  (Proposal  3)  and  the 
advisory vote on the frequency of future advisory votes on executive compensation (Proposal 4) are not considered 
routine matters and, consequently, without your voting instructions, your broker cannot vote your uninstructed shares 
on these proposals. 

What are the voting requirements? 

Proposal 1—Election of Directors 

In the election of directors named in this proxy statement, you may vote “FOR” one or more of the nominees or 
your vote may be “AGAINST” one or more of the nominees. Alternatively, you may vote “ABSTAIN” with respect 
to one or more nominees. You may not cumulate your votes for the election of directors. To be elected, each director 
nominee requires a majority of the votes cast for his or her election, which means that each director nominee must 
receive more votes cast “FOR” than “AGAINST” that director nominee. Abstentions and broker non-votes are not 
treated as voting on this proposal. If stockholders do not elect a nominee who is already serving as a director, Delaware 
law provides that the director would continue to serve on the Board as a “holdover director,” rather than causing a 
vacancy, until a successor is duly elected or until the director resigns. Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines 

74 

 
and as permitted by our Bylaws, each director has submitted an advance, contingent resignation that the Board may 
accept if stockholders do not elect the director. In that situation, our Nominating & Governance Committee would 
make a recommendation to the Board about whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether to take other action. 
The Board will promptly publicly disclose its decision regarding the director’s resignation. 

Proposal 2—Ratification of Selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

In  the  ratification  of  the  selection  of  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  as  the  Company’s  independent  registered 
public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2024, you may vote “FOR,” “AGAINST” or “ABSTAIN.” 
This proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of those shares present virtually or represented by proxy, 
entitled to vote, and actually voting on the proposal at the annual meeting. Abstentions are not treated as voting on 
this proposal. Broker non-votes are not applicable to this proposal. 

Proposal 3—Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation 

In the advisory vote to approve executive compensation, you may vote “FOR,” “AGAINST” or “ABSTAIN.” 
This proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of those shares present virtually or represented by proxy, 
entitled to vote, and actually voting on the proposal at the annual meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes are not 
treated as voting on this proposal. The vote is advisory, and therefore not binding on the Company, the Compensation 
Committee or the Board. However, the Compensation Committee will review the voting results and take them into 
consideration when making future decisions regarding executive compensation as it deems appropriate. 

Proposal 4—Advisory Vote on the Frequency of Future Advisory Votes on Executive Compensation 

In the advisory vote on the frequency of future advisory votes on executive compensation, you may vote every 
“1 YEAR,” "2 YEARS," "3 YEARS" or "ABSTAIN." This proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of 
those shares present in person or represented by proxy, entitled to vote, and actually voting on the proposal at the 
annual meeting and the frequency that receives such a majority will be considered to be the frequency selected by the 
stockholders. However,  because  stockholders have  several  voting  choices,  it  is  possible  that  no  single  choice will 
receive  a  majority  vote.  Abstentions  are  not  treated  as  voting  on  this  proposal.  Similar  to  Proposal  3,  the  vote  is 
advisory,  and  therefore  not  binding  on  the  Company,  the  Compensation  Committee  or  our  Board.  However,  the 
Compensation Committee and the Board will review the voting results when determining the frequency of holding 
future advisory votes on executive compensation. 

Who will serve as inspector of elections? 

The inspector of elections will be a representative from Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. 

Who will bear the cost of soliciting votes for the annual meeting? 

The Company is soliciting your proxy, and we will bear the cost of soliciting proxies. In addition to the original 
solicitation of proxies, proxies may be solicited personally, by telephone or other means of communication, by our 
directors and employees. Directors and employees will not be paid any additional compensation for soliciting proxies. 

We may reimburse brokers holding common stock in their names or in the names of their nominees for their 

expenses in sending proxy material to the beneficial owners of such common stock. 

What does it mean if I receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials? 

If you receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, it means that you have multiple 
accounts at the transfer agent or with brokers or other nominees. Please vote all of your shares as described herein, or 
follow the instructions received from each broker or other nominee, to ensure that all of your shares are voted. 

What if I submit a proxy but do not make specific choices? 

75 

 
 
 
If a proxy is voted by telephone or Internet, or is signed and returned by mail without choices specified, in the 
absence of contrary instructions, the shares of common stock represented by such proxy will be voted as recommended 
by the Board, and will be voted in the proxy holders’ discretion as to other matters that may properly come before the 
annual meeting. 

How can I find out the results of the voting at the annual meeting? 

Preliminary voting results will be announced at the annual meeting. Final voting results will be reported in a Form 

8-K, which will be filed with the SEC following the annual meeting. 

Annual Meeting Materials 

The Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, Notice of Annual Meeting, this proxy statement and the 
Annual  Report  have  been  made  available  to  all  stockholders  entitled  to  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy 
Materials and entitled to vote at the annual meeting. The Annual Report is not incorporated into this Proxy Statement 
and is not considered proxy-soliciting material. 

STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS FOR 2024 ANNUAL MEETING 

The deadline for stockholders to submit proposals pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act for inclusion in 
the  Company’s  proxy  statement  and  proxy  for  the  2024  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  is  June  28,  2024.  Such 
proposals must be received at the Company’s principal executive offices no later than such date. 

If you wish to nominate a director or submit a proposal for consideration at the Company’s 2024 annual meeting 
of stockholders that is not to be included in next year’s proxy materials, your proposal or nomination must be submitted 
in writing to the Secretary of the Company not later than September 7, 2024 nor earlier than August 8, 2024. You are 
also  advised  to  review  our  Bylaws,  which  contain  additional  requirements  about  advance  notice  of  stockholder 
proposals and director nominations. Such notices must be in accordance with the procedures described in our Bylaws. 
You  can  obtain  a  copy  of  our  Bylaws  by  writing  the  Secretary  at  the  address  shown  on  the  cover  of  this  proxy 
statement. 

To comply with universal proxy rules, stockholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees 
other than the Company’s nominees must provide notice that sets forth the information required by Rule 14a-19 under 
the Exchange Act no later than October 7, 2024. 

HOUSEHOLDING OF PROXY MATERIALS 

The SEC has adopted rules that permit companies and intermediaries, such as brokers, to satisfy the delivery 
requirements  for  proxy  statements  and  annual  reports  with  respect  to  two  or  more  stockholders  sharing  the  same 
address by delivering a single proxy statement addressed to those stockholders. This process, which is commonly 
referred to as “householding,” potentially means extra convenience for stockholders and cost savings for companies. 

This year, a number of brokers with account holders who are Company stockholders may be “householding” our 
proxy materials to the extent such stockholders have given their prior express or implied consent in accordance with 
SEC rules. A single Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, proxy statement and Annual Report (if you 
requested one) will be delivered to multiple stockholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been 
received  from  the  affected  stockholders.  Once  you  have  received  notice  from  your  broker  that  they  will  be 
“householding” communications to your address, “householding” will continue until you are notified otherwise or 
until you revoke your consent. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in householding and would prefer to 
receive a separate Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, proxy statement and Annual Report, please notify 
your  broker  to  discontinue  householding  and  direct  your  written  request  to  receive  a  separate  Notice  of  Internet 
Availability of Proxy Materials, proxy statement, and Annual Report to the Company at: Vail Resorts, Inc., Attention: 
Investor  Relations,  390  Interlocken  Crescent,  Broomfield,  Colorado,  80021,  or  by  calling  (303)  404-1800. 
Stockholders who currently receive multiple copies of the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, proxy 

76 

 
 
statement and Annual Report at their address and would like to request householding of their communications should 
contact their broker. 

OTHER MATTERS 

At the date of this proxy statement, the Board has no knowledge of any business other than that described herein 
which will be presented for consideration at the annual meeting. In the event any other business is presented at the 
annual  meeting,  the  persons  named  in  the  enclosed  proxy  will  vote  such  proxy  thereon  in  accordance  with  their 
judgment in the best interests of the Company. 

David T. Shapiro 
Executive Vice President, General Counsel & 
Secretary 

October 26, 2023 

A copy of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023 is available 
without charge upon written request to: Secretary, Vail Resorts, Inc., 390 Interlocken Crescent, Broomfield, 
Colorado 80021. 

77 

 
 
 
 
Appendix A 

Reconciliation of Measures of Segment Profitability and Non-GAAP Financial Measures 

Presented below is a reconciliation of net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to Total Reported EBITDA for the 
twelve months ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. 

Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 

Net income 

Provision for income taxes 

Income before provision for income taxes 

Depreciation and amortization 
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets and other, net 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration 
Investment income and other, net 
Foreign currency loss (gain) on intercompany loans 
Interest expense, net 

Total Reported EBITDA 

Mountain Reported EBITDA 
Lodging Reported EBITDA 

Resort Reported EBITDA (1) 
Real Estate Reported EBITDA 
Total Reported EBITDA 

(1)  Resort represents the sum of Mountain and Lodging.  

(In thousands) 
(Unaudited) 
Twelve Months Ended July 31, 

2023 

2022 

$ 

268,148   

$ 

347,923  

16,955   
285,103   

88,414   
373,517   
268,501   

9,070 

49,836   
(23,744)  
2,907   
153,022   
833,109   

822,570   
12,267   
834,837   

(1,728)  
833,109   

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

20,414
368,337  

88,824
457,161  
252,391  
(43,992) 
20,280  
(3,718) 
2,682

148,183  
832,987  

811,167  
25,747
836,914  

(3,927) 
832,987  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2021 

$127,850 

(3,393) 
124,457 

726 
125,183 
252,585 
5,373 
14,402 
(586) 
(8,282) 
151,399 
$540,074 

$552,753 
(8,097) 
$544,656 

(4,582) 
$540,074 

78 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

1934

For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT 
For the transition period from to 

OF 1934

Commission File Number: 001-09614 

Vail Resorts, Inc. 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

51-0291762

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

390 Interlocken Crescent
Broomfield,  Colorado

(Address of principal executive offices)

80021
(Zip Code)

(303)  404-1800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value

Trading Symbol
MTN

Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None
(Title of class)

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  a  well-known  seasoned  issuer,  as  defined  in  Rule  405  of  the  Securities 
Act.  ☒  Yes  ☐  No

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  not  required  to  file  reports  pursuant  to  Section  13  or  Section  15(d)  of  the 
Act.  ☐  Yes  ☒ No 

 
 
 
 
 
Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  (1)  has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
☒  Yes  ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted 
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period 
that the registrant was required to submit such files).
☒  Yes  ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller 
reporting  company,  or  an  emerging  growth  company.  See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer,” 
“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

☒
☐

  Accelerated filer
  Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☐
☐
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period 
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 
☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  filed  a  report  on  and  attestation  to  its  management’s  assessment  of  the 
effectiveness  of  its  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C. 
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ 

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the 
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-
based  compensation  received  by  any  of  the  registrant’s  executive  officers  during  the  relevant  recovery  period  pursuant  to 
§240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
☐  Yes  ☒  No 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the 
closing price of $262.34 per share as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape on January 31, 2023 (the last 
business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $10,473,772,605.

As of September 25, 2023, 38,149,524 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions  of  the  registrant’s  definitive  Proxy  Statement  for  its  2023  Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders  to  be  filed  with  the 
Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of July 31, 2023 are incorporated by reference herein into Part III, Items 
10 through 14, of this Annual Report. 

Table of Contents

PART I

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities

Reserved
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Disclosure Reporting Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

PART III

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

PART IV

Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 7A.

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.

Item 9C.

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Item 16.

4

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Except for any historical information contained herein, the matters discussed or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K (this “Form 10-K”) contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. 
These statements relate to analyses and other information, available as of the date hereof which are based on forecasts of future 
results  and  estimates  of  amounts  not  yet  determinable.  These  statements  also  relate  to  our  contemplated  future  prospects, 
developments and business strategies.

These  forward-looking  statements  are  identified  by  their  use  of  terms  and  phrases  such  as  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “could,” 
“estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “will” and similar terms and phrases, including references 
to  assumptions.  Although  we  believe  that  our  plans,  intentions  and  expectations  reflected  in  or  suggested  by  such  forward-
looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you that such plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. Important 
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

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the economy generally, and our business and results of operations, including the ultimate amount of refunds that we 
would  be  required  to  refund  to  our  pass  product  holders  for  qualifying  circumstances  under  our  Epic  Coverage 
program;
prolonged  weakness  in  general  economic  conditions,  including  adverse  effects  on  the  overall  travel  and  leisure 
related industries;
risks  associated  with  the  effects  of  high  or  prolonged  inflation,  rising  interest  rates  and  financial  institution 
disruptions;
unfavorable weather conditions or the impact of natural disasters or other unexpected events;
the willingness or ability of our guests to travel due to terrorism, the uncertainty of military conflicts or outbreaks of 
contagious diseases (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and the cost and availability of travel options and changing 
consumer preferences, discretionary spending habits or willingness to travel;
risks related to travel and airline disruptions, and other adverse impacts on the ability of our guests to travel;
risks related to interruptions or disruptions of our information technology systems, data security or cyberattacks;
risks  related  to  our  reliance  on  information  technology,  including  our  failure  to  maintain  the  integrity  of  our 
customer or employee data and our ability to adapt to technological developments or industry trends;
our ability to acquire, develop and implement relevant technology offerings for customers and partners;
the seasonality of our business combined with adverse events that may occur during our peak operating periods;
competition in our mountain and lodging businesses or with other recreational and leisure activities;
risks related to the high fixed cost structure of our business;
our ability to fund resort capital expenditures;
risks related to a disruption in our water supply that would impact our snowmaking capabilities and operations;
our  reliance  on  government  permits  or  approvals  for  our  use  of  public  land  or  to  make  operational  and  capital 
improvements;
risks  related  to  federal,  state,  local  and  foreign  government  laws,  rules  and  regulations,  including  environmental 
and health and safety laws and regulations;
risks related to changes in security and privacy laws and regulations which could increase our operating costs and 
adversely affect our ability to market our products, properties and services effectively;
potential failure to adapt to technological developments or industry trends regarding information technology;
risks  related  to  our  workforce,  including  increased  labor  costs,  loss  of  key  personnel  and  our  ability  to  maintain 
adequate staffing, including hiring and retaining a sufficient seasonal workforce;
a deterioration in the quality or reputation of our brands, including our ability to protect our intellectual property 
and the risk of accidents at our mountain resorts;
risks related to scrutiny and changing expectations regarding our environmental, social and governance practices 
and reporting;
our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses, including their integration into our internal controls and 
infrastructure; our ability to successfully navigate new markets, including Europe; or that acquired businesses may 
fail to perform in accordance with expectations;
risks associated with international operations;
fluctuations  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  where  the  Company  has  foreign  currency  exposure,  primarily  the 
Canadian and Australian dollars and the Swiss franc, as compared to the U.S. dollar;
changes in tax laws, regulations or interpretations, or adverse determinations by taxing authorities;
risks related to our indebtedness and our ability to satisfy our debt service requirements under our outstanding debt 
including our unsecured senior notes, which could reduce our ability to use our cash flow to fund our operations, 
capital expenditures, future business opportunities and other purposes;

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a materially adverse change in our financial condition;
adverse consequences of current or future litigation and legal claims;
changes in accounting judgments and estimates, accounting principles, policies or guidelines; and
other risks and uncertainties included under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this document.

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or any persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by 
these cautionary statements.

If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may 
vary  materially  from  those  expected,  estimated  or  projected.  Given  these  uncertainties,  users  of  the  information  included  or 
incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K, including investors and prospective investors, are cautioned not to place undue 
reliance on such forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking 
statements that we make for a number of reasons including those described above and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this 
Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. Except as may be required by law, we do not 
intend  to  update  these  forward-looking  statements,  even  if  new  information,  future  events  or  other  circumstances  have  made 
them incorrect or misleading.

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PART I

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

General

Vail Resorts, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is referred to throughout this document as “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company.”

Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation,  was  organized  as  a  holding  company  in  1997  and  operates  through  various 
subsidiaries. Our operations are grouped into three reportable segments: Mountain, Lodging and Real Estate, which represented 
approximately 88%, 12% and 0%, respectively, of our net revenue for our fiscal year ended July 31, 2023 (“Fiscal 2023”). 

Our Mountain segment operates 41 world-class destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas (collectively, our “Resorts”). 
Additionally,  the  Mountain  segment  includes  ancillary  services,  primarily  including  ski  school,  dining  and  retail/rental 
operations.

In the Lodging segment, we own and/or manage a collection of luxury hotels and condominiums under our RockResorts brand, 
other strategic lodging properties and a large number of condominiums located in proximity to our North American mountain 
resorts, National Park Service (“NPS”) concessioner properties including the Grand Teton Lodge Company (“GTLC”), which 
operates  destination  resorts  in  Grand  Teton  National  Park,  a  Colorado  resort  ground  transportation  company  and  mountain 
resort golf courses.

We refer to “Resort” as the combination of the Mountain and Lodging segments. Our Real Estate segment owns, develops and 
sells real estate in and around our resort communities.

For  financial  information  and  other  information  about  the  Company’s  segments  and  geographic  areas,  see  Item  7. 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 8. “Financial Statements 
and Supplementary Data.”

Mountain Segment

In the Mountain segment, the Company operates the following 41 destination mountain resorts and regional ski areas, including 
five resorts within the top ten most visited resorts in the United States for the 2022/2023 North American ski season:

*Denotes  a  destination  mountain  resort,  which  generally  receives  a  meaningful  portion  of  skier  visits  from  long-distance 
travelers, as opposed to our regional ski areas, which tend to generate skier visits predominantly from their respective local 
markets. 

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Our  Mountain  segment  derives  revenue  through  the  sale  of  lift  tickets,  including  pass  products,  as  well  as  a  comprehensive 
offering of amenities available to guests, including ski and snowboard lessons, equipment rentals and retail merchandise sales, a 
variety of dining venues, private club operations and other winter and summer recreational activities. In addition to providing 
extensive guest amenities, we also lease some of our owned and leased commercial space to third party operators to add unique 
restaurants and retail stores to the mix of amenities at the base of our resorts.

Many  of  our  destination  mountain  resorts  operate  year-round  and  provide  a  comprehensive  resort  experience  to  a  diverse 
clientele  with  an  attractive  demographic  profile.  We  offer  a  broad  complement  of  winter  and  summer  recreational  activities, 
including  skiing,  snowboarding,  snowshoeing,  snowtubing,  sightseeing,  mountain  biking,  guided  hiking,  zip  lines,  challenge 
ropes courses, alpine slides, mountain coasters, children’s activities and other recreational activities. Collectively, our Resorts 
are located in close proximity to population centers totaling approximately 110 million people.

Destination Mountain Resorts

Rocky Mountains (Colorado and Utah Resorts) 

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Breckenridge  Ski  Resort  (“Breckenridge”)  -  the  most  visited  mountain  resort  in  the  United  States  (“U.S.”)  for  the 
2022/2023  ski  season  with  five  interconnected  peaks  offering  an  expansive  variety  of  terrain  for  every  skill  level, 
including access to above tree line intermediate and expert terrain, and progressive and award-winning terrain parks. 

Park City Resort (“Park City”) - the second most visited mountain resort in the U.S. for the 2022/2023 ski season and 
the largest by acreage in the U.S. Park City offers 7,300 skiable acres, including diverse terrain for every type of skier 
and snowboarder.

Vail  Mountain  Resort  (“Vail  Mountain”)  -  the  third  most  visited  mountain  resort  in  the  U.S.  for  the  2022/2023  ski 
season.  Vail  Mountain  offers  some  of  the  most  expansive  and  varied  terrain  in  North  America  with  approximately 
5,300 skiable acres including seven world renowned back bowls and the resort’s rustic Blue Sky Basin.

Keystone  Resort  (“Keystone”)  -  the  ninth  most  visited  mountain  resort  in  the  U.S.  for  the  2022/2023  ski  season,  as 
well  as  the  largest  area  for  night  skiing  in  Colorado.  For  the  2023/2024  ski  season,  we  also  plan  to  complete  the 
transformational lift-served terrain expansion project in Bergman Bowl, increasing lift served terrain by 555 acres with 
the addition of a new six-person high speed lift, and also providing lift-served access to Erickson Bowl. Keystone is a 
premier  destination  for  families  with  its  “Kidtopia”  program  focused  on  providing  activities  for  kids  on  and  off  the 
mountain.

Beaver  Creek  Resort  (“Beaver  Creek”)  -  the  tenth  most  visited  mountain  resort  in  the  U.S.  for  the  2022/2023  ski 
season. Beaver Creek is a European-style resort with multiple villages and also includes a world renowned children’s 
ski school program focused on providing a first-class experience with unique amenities such as a dedicated children’s 
gondola.

Crested  Butte  Mountain  Resort  (“Crested  Butte”)  -  located  in  southwest  Colorado  and  includes  over  1,500  skiable 
acres  and  over  3,000  feet  of  vertical  drop.  Crested  Butte  is  known  for  its  historic  town,  iconic  mountain  peaks  and 
legendary skiing and riding terrain.

Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Canada)

• Whistler  Blackcomb  (“Whistler  Blackcomb”)  -  located  in  the  Coast  Mountains  of  British  Columbia,  Canada, 
approximately 85 miles (135 kilometers) from the Vancouver International Airport, Whistler Blackcomb is the largest 
year-round mountain resort in North America, with two mountains connected by the PEAK 2 PEAK gondola, which 
combined offer over 200 marked runs, over 8,000 skiable acres (3,300 hectares), 14 alpine bowls, three glaciers and 
one  of  the  longest  ski  seasons  in  North  America.  In  the  summer  Whistler  Blackcomb  offers  a  variety  of  activities, 
including  hiking  trails,  a  bike  park  and  sightseeing.  Whistler  Blackcomb  is  a  popular  destination  for  international 
visitors and was home to the 2010 Winter Olympics.

Lake Tahoe Resorts

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Heavenly Mountain Resort (“Heavenly”) - located near the South Shore of Lake Tahoe with over 4,800 skiable acres, 
Heavenly  straddles  the  border  of  California  and  Nevada  and  offers  unique  and  spectacular  views  of  Lake  Tahoe. 
Heavenly offers great nightlife, including its proximity to several casinos. 

Northstar Resort (“Northstar”) - located near the North Shore of Lake Tahoe, Northstar is the premier luxury mountain 
resort destination near Lake Tahoe which offers premium lodging, a vibrant base area and over 3,000 skiable acres. 
Northstar’s village features high-end shops and restaurants, a conference center and a 9,000 square-foot skating rink.

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Kirkwood Mountain Resort (“Kirkwood”) - located about 35 miles southwest of South Lake Tahoe, offering a unique 
location  atop  the  Sierra  Crest,  Kirkwood  is  recognized  for  offering  some  of  the  best  high  alpine  advanced  terrain 
in North America with 2,000 feet of vertical drop and over 2,300 skiable acres.

Switzerland

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Andermatt-Sedrun  (“Andermatt-Sedrun”)  -  marking  our  first  owned  and  operated  resort  in  Europe,  the  Company 
acquired  a  55%  controlling  ownership  stake  in  Andermatt-Sedrun  during  Fiscal  2023.  Andermatt-Sedrun  is  located 
approximately 70 miles (110 kilometers) from Zurich, Switzerland and approximately 200 miles (320 kilometers) from 
Geneva,  Switzerland,  in  the  Ursern  Valley  of  the  Swiss  Alps.  Andermatt-Sedrun  offers  nearly  75  miles  (120 
kilometers)  of  varied  terrain  and  a  top  elevation  of  9,800  feet  (3,000  meters)  across  the  mountains  of  Andermatt, 
Sedrun and Gemsstock, with connected access to Disentis, which is independently owned. The ski area spans over 10 
miles (16 kilometers) of scenic high alpine terrain between Andermatt and Sedrun, including the iconic Oberalp Pass, 
and is connected by the Matterhorn Gothard Bahn, a railway which operates year-round.

Regional Ski Areas

Our ski resort network allows us to connect guests with drive-to access and destination resort access on a single pass product. 
Building a presence near major metropolitan areas with large populations enables us to drive advance commitment pass product 
sales among a broad array of guests. 

Northeast

We  own  and  operate  eight  regional  ski  areas  in  the  Northeast  that  we  believe  provide  a  compelling  regional  and  local 
connection to guests within driving distance from the New York, Boston and the greater New England markets. Stowe is the 
premier,  high-end  regional  ski  area  in  the  Northeast  offering  outstanding  skiing  and  an  exceptional  base  area  experience. 
Okemo  and  Mount  Snow  are  compelling  regional  destinations  serving  guests  in  the  New  York  metropolitan  area  and 
throughout  New  England.  Hunter  Mountain  is  a  day-trip  ski  area  primarily  serving  the  New  York  metropolitan  area. 
Additionally, we own four ski areas in New Hampshire serving guests throughout New England.

Mid-Atlantic (Pennsylvania)

We own and operate eight ski areas in the Mid-Atlantic region serving guests in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Southern New Jersey, 
Baltimore  and  Washington  D.C.  Our  presence  in  the  region  allows  us  to  offer  compelling  local  options  and  easy  overnight 
weekend and holiday trips to our premium Northeast regional ski areas, which are within driving distance from these markets. 

Midwest

We own and operate ten ski areas in the Midwest that draw guests from Chicago, Detroit, Minneapolis, St. Louis, Indianapolis, 
Cleveland,  Columbus,  Kansas  City  and  Louisville,  among  others.  Located  within  close  proximity  to  major  metropolitan 
markets,  these  ski  areas  provide  beginners  with  easy  access  to  beginner  ski  programs  and  many  also  offer  night  skiing  for 
young adults and families. Additionally, the proximity of these ski areas to metropolitan areas allows for regular usage by avid 
skiers.

Pacific Northwest (U.S.)

Stevens  Pass  Resort  (“Stevens  Pass’’)  -  located  less  than  85  miles  from  Seattle  on  the  crest  of  Washington  State’s  Cascade 
Range, Stevens Pass offers terrain for all levels across over 1,100 acres of skiable terrain. Stevens Pass has operated for over 80 
years and is known for its numerous bowls, glades and faces, as well as extensive lighted terrain for skiing and riding well into 
the evening.

Australia

Australia is an important market for both domestic skiing during the Australian winter and as a source of international visitation 
to  the  Northern  Hemisphere  in  the  Australian  off-season,  with  typically  over  one  million  estimated  Australian  skier  visits 
annually to North America, Europe and Japan. We own three of the five largest ski areas in Australia, which we serve with the 
Epic Australia Pass, an Australian dollar denominated pass product marketed specifically to Australian guests. Perisher, located 
in New South Wales, is the largest ski resort in Australia and targets guests in the Sydney metropolitan area and the broader 
New South Wales market, while Falls Creek and Mount Hotham are two of the largest ski areas in Victoria and target guests in 
the Melbourne metropolitan area and the broader Victoria market. 

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Ski Industry/Competition

There are approximately 760 ski areas operating in North America with approximately 480 in the U.S., ranging from small ski 
area  operations  that  service  day  skiers  to  large  resorts  that  attract  both  day  skiers  and  destination  guests  looking  for  a 
comprehensive vacation experience. During the 2022/2023 North American ski season, combined skier visits for all ski areas in 
North  America  were  approximately  85.8  million.  Our  North  American  Resorts  had  approximately  17.2  million  skier  visits 
during the 2022/2023 ski season, representing approximately 20.0% of North American skier visits.

There is limited opportunity for development of new destination ski resorts due to the limited private lands on which ski areas 
can  be  built,  the  difficulty  in  obtaining  the  appropriate  governmental  approvals  to  build  on  public  lands  and  the  significant 
capital  needed  to  construct  the  necessary  infrastructure.  As  such,  there  have  been  virtually  no  new  destination  ski  resorts  of 
scale  in  North  America  for  over  40  years,  which  has  allowed  and  should  continue  to  allow  the  best-positioned  destination 
resorts to benefit from future industry growth. Our resorts compete with other major destination mountain resorts, including, 
among others, Aspen Snowmass, Copper Mountain, Mammoth, Deer Valley, Snowbird, Palisades Tahoe, Killington, Sierra at 
Tahoe, Steamboat, Jackson Hole and Winter Park, as well as other ski areas in Colorado, California, Nevada, Utah, the Pacific 
Northwest, the Northeast, the Southwest, British Columbia, Canada, Australia and Switzerland, and other destination ski areas 
worldwide  as  well  as  non-ski  related  vacation  options  and  destinations.  Additionally,  our  pass  products  compete  with  other 
single and multi-resort frequency pass products in North America, including the IKON Pass, the Mountain Collective Pass and 
various regional and local pass products.

The ski industry statistics stated in this section have been derived primarily from data published by Colorado Ski Country USA, 
Canadian Ski Council, Kottke National End of Season Surveys as well as other industry publications.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe our premier resorts and business model differentiate our Company from the rest of the ski industry. We own and 
operate some of the most iconic, branded destination mountain resorts in geographically diverse and important ski destinations 
in  North  America,  including  Colorado,  Utah,  Lake  Tahoe  and  the  Pacific  Northwest,  including  British  Columbia,  Canada. 
These resorts are complemented by regional ski areas in the Northeast, Pacific Northwest, Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions, 
which are strategically positioned near key U.S. population centers, as well as three ski areas in Australia and one ski resort in 
Switzerland.  Through  our  data-driven  marketing  analytics  and  personalized  marketing  capabilities,  we  target  increased 
penetration of ski pass products, providing our guests with a strong value proposition in return for guests committing to ski or 
ride at our resorts prior to, or very early into the ski season, which we believe attracts more guests to our resorts. We believe we 
invest in more capital improvements than our competitors and we create synergies through our owned and operated network of 
resorts, which enhances our profitability by enabling customers to access our network of resorts with our pass products. Many 
of our destination mountain resorts located in the U.S. typically rank in the most visited ski resorts in the U.S. (five of the top 
ten  for  the  2022/2023  U.S.  ski  season),  and  most  of  our  destination  mountain  resorts  are  consistently  in  the  top  ranked  ski 
resorts in North America according to industry surveys, which we attribute to our ability to provide a high-quality experience.

We believe the following factors contribute directly to each Resort’s success:

Exceptional Mountain Experience

• World-Class Mountain Resorts and Integrated Base Resort Areas

Our  mountain  resorts  offer  a  multitude  of  skiing  and  snowboarding  experiences  for  the  beginner,  intermediate, 
advanced and expert levels. Each mountain resort is fully integrated into expansive resort base areas offering a broad 
array of lodging, dining, retail, nightlife and other amenities, some of which we own or manage.

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Snow Conditions

Our Resorts in the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado and Utah, the Sierra Nevada Mountains in Lake Tahoe and the 
Coast  Mountains  in  British  Columbia,  Canada  generally  receive  abundant  snowfall  each  year,  but  we  have  invested 
significantly in snowmaking systems in these areas that help provide a more consistent experience, especially in the 
early season. We have made significant recent investments in our snowmaking systems in Colorado that transformed 
the early-season terrain experience at Vail, Keystone and Beaver Creek. Our other ski areas receive less snowfall than 
our western North American mountain resorts, but we have invested in snowmaking operations at these resorts in order 
to provide a consistent experience for our guests. Additionally, we provide several hundred acres of groomed terrain at 
each of our mountain resorts with extensive fleets of snow grooming equipment.

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Lift Service 

We  systematically  upgrade  our  lifts  and  put  in  new  lifts  to  increase  uphill  capacity  and  streamline  skier  traffic  to 
maximize  the  guest  experience.  Discretionary  capital  expenditures  expected  for  calendar  year  2023  include,  among 
other projects:

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a new high-speed six-person lift in Bergman Bowl at Keystone, providing access to more than 550 acres of 
intermediate-and-above high alpine terrain, including 16 new trails in Bergman and Erickson Bowls;

replacing  Breckenridge’s  fixed-grip  double  5-Chair  with  a  new  high-speed  four-person  lift  as  part  of  a 
continued investment plan in the Peak 8 base area, which also includes new teaching terrain and a transport 
carpet from the base to make beginner terrain more accessible;

replacing  Whistler  Blackcomb’s  existing  four-person  high  speed  Fitzsimmons  lift  with  a  new  high-speed 
eight-person lift, which will increase uphill capacity from Whistler Village, significantly reducing wait times 
and improving bike haul capacity during summer operations;

replacing  Stevens  Pass’  current  fixed-grip  double  Kehr’s  Chair  lift  with  a  new  four-person  lift  to  improve 
uphill capacity and guest experience; and

replacing the current three-person fixed-grip Summit Triple lift at Attitash with a new high-speed four-person 
lift, increasing uphill capacity and reducing guests’ time on the longest lift at the resort.

In the past several years, we have installed or upgraded several high speed chairlifts and gondolas across our Resorts, 
including  18  new  or  replacement  lifts  across  12  Resorts  for  the  2022/2023  North  American  ski  season,  which 
meaningfully increased lift capacity and reduced wait times at those lift locations. Investments in the past several years 
include: 

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a new high-speed ten-person gondola at Whistler Blackcomb replacing the existing six-person gondola;

replacing Whistler Blackcomb’s existing Big Red Express high-speed four-person lift with a high-speed six-
person lift;

a new high-speed four-person lift in Vail’s Sun Down Bowl;

replacing the four-person lift in Vail’s Game Creek Bowl with a new high-speed six-person lift;

replacing Breckenridge’s fixed-grip double Rip’s Ride lift with a high-speed four-person lift;

a new high-speed six-person chair replacing Northstar’s Comstock four-person lift;

replacing Heavenly’s fixed-grip triple North Bowl lift with a high-speed four-person lift;

replacing  11  existing  lifts  at  Stowe,  Mount  Snow,  Attitash,  Boston  Mills,  Brandywine,  Jack  Frost  and  Big 
Boulder with new high-speed and fixed-grip lifts;

the 250-acre lift-served terrain expansion in the McCoy Park area of Beaver Creek; 

a new four-person high speed lift to serve Peak 7 at Breckenridge; 

replacing the four-person Peru lift at Keystone with a six-person high speed lift; 

replacing the Peachtree lift at Crested Butte with a new three-person fixed-grip lift; and 

an  upgrade  of  the  four-person  Quantum  lift  at  Okemo  with  a  six-person  high  speed  lift,  and  relocating  the 
four-person Quantum lift to replace the Green Ridge three-person fixed-grip lift.

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Terrain Parks

We  are  committed  to  leading  the  industry  in  terrain  park  design,  education  and  events  for  the  growing  segment  of 
freestyle  skiers  and  snowboarders.  Each  of  our  destination  mountain  resorts  has  multiple  terrain  parks  that  include 
progressively-challenging  features.  These  park  structures,  coupled  with  freestyle  ski  school  programs,  promote 
systematic learning from basic to professional skills.

Extraordinary Service and Amenities

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Commitment to the Guest Experience

Our  focus  is  to  provide  quality  service  at  every  touch  point  of  the  guest  journey.  Prior  to  arrival  at  our  mountain 
resorts,  guests  can  receive  personal  assistance  through  our  full-service,  central  reservations  group  and  through  our 
comprehensive  websites  to  book  desired  lodging  accommodations,  lift  tickets  and  pass  products,  ski  school  lessons, 
equipment  rentals,  activities  and  other  resort  services.  Upon  arrival,  our  resort  staff  serve  as  ambassadors  to  engage 
guests, answer questions and foster a customer-focused environment. During Fiscal 2023, we announced the launch of 
the new My Epic mobile application (“My Epic App”), which we expect will be available to guests for the 2023/2024 

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North American ski season, and will allow our guests to purchase their pass product or lift ticket online and access our 
Resorts via the new app, utilizing hands free Bluetooth® technology, eliminating the need to wait in line to purchase 
lift tickets. In addition, the My Epic App allows guests to capture their activity on the mountain (e.g. number of ski 
days,  vertical  feet  skied  and  chairlift  activity);  provides  current  trail  maps  along  with  real-time  trail  and  lift  status; 
allows  guests  to  access  real  and  forecasted  lift  line  wait  times;  and  provides  information  regarding  parking,  dining, 
events and other on-mountain activities. In addition, beginning in the 2023/2024 North American ski season, we plan 
to pilot “My Epic Gear,” a new membership program that provides its members with the ability to choose the gear they 
want from a selection of popular ski and snowboard models, and have it delivered to them when and where they want 
it,  with  free  slopeside  pick  up  and  drop  off  every  day.  A  limited  number  of  Epic  Pass  holders  will  pilot  the 
membership  at  Vail,  Beaver  Creek,  Breckenridge  and  Keystone  during  the  2023/2024  ski  season.  Expansion  of  the 
program  is  planned  for  the  2024/2025  ski  season  to  additional  North  American  Resorts,  with  further  expansions 
planned  for  future  seasons.  My  Epic  Gear  is  designed  to  allow  users  to  manage  their  entire  experience  from  gear 
selection to boot fitting to delivery all from the new My Epic App.

We  also  solicit  guest  feedback  through  a  variety  of  surveys  and  results,  which  are  used  to  ensure  high  levels  of 
customer satisfaction, understand trends and develop future resort programs and amenities. We then utilize this guest 
feedback to help us focus our capital spending and operational efforts to the areas of the greatest need.

•

Season Pass & Epic Day Pass Products

We offer a variety of pass products, primarily season pass and Epic Day Pass products, for all of our Resorts that are 
marketed  towards  both  out-of-state  and  international  (“Destination”)  guests  as  well  as  in-state  and  local  (“Local”) 
guests. These pass products are available for purchase prior to the start of the ski season, offering our guests a better 
value in exchange for their commitment to ski at our Resorts before the season begins. Our pass program drives strong 
customer  loyalty  and  mitigates  exposure  to  more  weather  sensitive  guests,  leading  to  greater  revenue  stability  and 
allowing  us  to  capture  valuable  guest  data.  Additionally,  our  pass  product  customers  typically  ski  more  days  each 
season than those guests who do not buy pass products, which leads to additional ancillary spending. In addition, our 
pass  products  attract  new  guests  to  our  Resorts.  Our  pass  products  generated  approximately  61%  of  our  total  lift 
revenue  for  Fiscal  2023,  and  generated  approximately  73%  of  total  visitation  (excluding  complimentary  access)  for 
Fiscal  2023.  Sales  of  pass  products  are  a  key  component  of  our  overall  Mountain  segment  revenue  and  help  create 
strong synergies among our Resorts. Our pass products range from providing access for a certain number of days to 
one or a combination of our Resorts to our Epic Pass, which provides unrestricted and unlimited access to all of our 
Resorts. The Epic Day Pass is a customizable one to seven day pass product purchased in advance of the season, for 
those skiers and riders who expect to ski a certain number of days during the season, and which is available in three 
tiers  of  resort  offerings.  All  of  our  various  pass  product  options  can  be  found  on  our  consumer  website 
www.snow.com. Information on our websites does not constitute part of this document.

As  part  of  our  continued  strategy  to  drive  pass  product  sales  and  create  a  stronger  connection  between  key  skier 
markets and our iconic destination mountain resorts, we have continued to expand our portfolio of properties in recent 
years. In August 2022, we acquired Andermatt-Sedrun, located in Switzerland, marking our first strategic investment 
in, and opportunity to operate, a ski resort in Europe. In December 2021, we acquired Seven Springs Mountain Resort, 
Hidden  Valley  Resort  and  Laurel  Mountain  Ski  Area  in  Pennsylvania  (collectively,  the  “Seven  Springs  Resorts”), 
which added three regional ski areas strategically located near Pittsburgh, expanding our presence in the Mid-Atlantic 
region  and  generating  incremental  drive-to  business  from  other  major  metropolitan  areas  such  as  Washington  DC, 
Baltimore  and  Cleveland.  In  September  2019,  we  acquired  Peak  Resorts,  Inc.,  which  added  17  regional  ski  areas 
strategically  located  near  key  U.S.  population  centers  in  the  Northeast,  Mid-Atlantic  and  Midwest  regions. 
Additionally,  we  enter  into  strategic  long-term  season  pass  alliance  agreements  with  third-party  mountain  resorts, 
which for the 2023/2024 ski season include Telluride Ski Resort in Colorado, Hakuba Valley and Rusutsu Resort in 
Japan, Resorts of the Canadian Rockies in Canada, Les 3 Vallées in France, Disentis Ski Area and Verbier 4 Vallées in 
Switzerland, Skirama Dolomiti in Italy and Ski Arlberg in Austria, which further increase the value proposition of our 
pass products.

Pass  product  holders  also  receive  additional  value  in  exchange  for  their  advance  commitment  through  our  Epic 
Mountain  Rewards  program,  which  provides  pass  product  holders  a  discount  of  20%  off  on-mountain  food  and 
beverage, lodging, group ski school lessons, equipment rentals and more at our North American owned and operated 
Resorts.  Epic  Mountain  Rewards  is  available  for  everyone  who  purchases  an  Epic  Pass,  Epic  Local  Pass,  Epic  Day 
Pass, Epic Military Pass and most of our other pass products, regardless of whether guests plan to ski one day or every 
day  of  the  season.  Additionally,  Epic  Coverage  is  included  with  the  purchase  of  all  pass  products  for  no  additional 
charge and provides refunds in the event of certain resort closures and certain travel restrictions, giving pass holders a 
refund for any portion of the season that is lost due to qualifying circumstances. Additionally, Epic Coverage provides 
a refund for qualifying personal circumstances including eligible injuries, job losses and many other personal events.

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•

Premier Ski Schools

Our mountain resorts are home to some of the highest quality and most widely recognized ski schools in the industry. 
Through a combination of outstanding training and abundant work opportunities, our ski schools have become home to 
many of the most experienced and credentialed professionals in the business. We complement our instructor staff with 
state-of-the-art  facilities  and  extensive  learning  terrain,  all  with  a  keen  attention  to  guest  needs.  We  offer  a  wide 
variety  of  adult  and  child  group  and  private  lesson  options  with  a  goal  of  creating  lifelong  skiers  and  riders  and 
showcasing to our guests all the terrain our resorts have to offer.

•

Dining

Our  Resorts  provide  a  variety  of  quality  on-mountain  and  base  village  dining  venues,  ranging  from  top-rated  fine 
dining restaurants to trailside express food service outlets. For the 2022/2023 ski season, we operated approximately 
270 dining venues at our Resorts.

•

Retail/Rental

We have approximately 340 retail/rental locations specializing in sporting goods including ski, snowboard and cycling 
equipment. Several of our rental locations offer delivery services, bringing ski and snowboard gear and expert advice 
directly to our guests. In addition to providing a major retail/rental presence at each of our Resorts, we also have retail/
rental locations throughout the Colorado Front Range and Minneapolis. Many of our retail/rental locations near key 
population centers also offer prime venues for selling our pass products.

•

On-Mountain Activities

We  are  a  ski  industry  leader  in  providing  comprehensive  destination  vacation  experiences,  including  on-mountain 
activities  designed  to  appeal  to  a  broad  range  of  interests.  During  a  normal  winter  season,  in  addition  to  our 
exceptional  ski  experiences,  guests  can  choose  from  a  variety  of  non-ski  related  activities  such  as  snowtubing, 
snowshoeing,  scenic  snow  cat  tours,  backcountry  expeditions,  horse-drawn  sleigh  rides  and  high  altitude  dining. 
During the summer season, our mountain resorts offer non-ski related recreational activities and provide guests with a 
wide array of options including scenic chairlift and gondola rides, mountain biking, horseback riding, guided hiking, 
4x4 Jeep tours and our Epic Discovery program at Vail Mountain, Heavenly and Breckenridge. The Epic Discovery 
program  encourages  “learn  through  play”  by  featuring  extensive  environmental  educational  elements  interspersed 
between  numerous  activities,  consisting  of  zip  lines,  children’s  activities,  challenge  ropes  courses,  tubing,  mountain 
excursions, an alpine slide and alpine coasters. The Mountain segment also operates several company-owned mountain 
resort golf courses, including three in Colorado, one in Vermont and two in Pennsylvania.

•

Lodging and Real Estate

High quality lodging options are an integral part of providing a complete resort experience. Our owned and managed 
properties proximate to our mountain resorts, including six RockResorts branded properties and a significant inventory 
of managed condominium units, provide numerous accommodation options for our mountain resort guests. Our recent 
real estate efforts have primarily focused on the potential to expand our destination bed base and upgrade our resorts 
through the sale of land parcels to third-party developers, which in turn provides opportunity for the development of 
condominiums, luxury hotels, parking and commercial space for restaurants and retail shops. Our Lodging and Real 
Estate segments have and continue to invest in resort related assets and amenities or seek opportunities to expand and 
enhance the overall resort experience.

Lodging Segment

Our  Lodging  segment  includes  owned  and  managed  lodging  properties,  including  those  under  our  luxury  hotel  management 
company, RockResorts; managed condominium units which are in and around our mountain resorts in Colorado, Lake Tahoe, 
Utah, Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania and British Columbia, Canada; two NPS concessioner properties in and near Grand 
Teton  National  Park  in  Wyoming;  a  resort  ground  transportation  company  in  Colorado;  and  company-owned  and  operated 
mountain resort golf courses managed by our Lodging operations, including two in Colorado, one in Wyoming, one in Lake 
Tahoe, California, and one in Park City, Utah. For additional property details, see Item 2. “Properties”.

The Lodging segment currently includes approximately 5,500 owned and managed hotel rooms and condominium units. Our 
lodging strategy seeks to complement and enhance our mountain resort operations through our ownership or management of 

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lodging properties and condominiums proximate to our mountain resorts and selective management of luxury resort hotels in 
premier destination locations.

In addition to our portfolio of owned and managed luxury resort hotels and other hotels and properties, our lodging business 
also  features  a  Colorado  ground  transportation  company,  which  represents  the  first  point  of  contact  with  many  of  our  guests 
when they arrive by air to Colorado. We offer year-round ground transportation from Denver International Airport and Eagle 
County Airport to the Vail Valley (locations in and around Vail, Beaver Creek, Avon and Edwards) and Summit County (which 
includes Keystone, Breckenridge, Copper Mountain, Frisco and Silverthorne). 

Lodging Industry/Market

Hotels are categorized by Smith Travel Research, a leading lodging industry research firm, as luxury, upper upscale, upscale, 
upper  midscale,  midscale  and  economy.  The  service  quality  and  level  of  accommodations  of  our  RockResorts’  hotels  place 
them  in  the  luxury  segment,  which  represents  hotels  achieving  the  highest  average  daily  rates  (“ADR”)  in  the  industry,  and 
includes  such  brands  as  the  Four  Seasons,  Ritz-Carlton  and  Marriott’s  Luxury  Collection  hotels.  Our  other  hotels  are 
categorized in the upper upscale and upscale segments of the hotel market. The luxury and upper upscale segments consist of 
approximately 827,000 rooms at approximately 2,700 properties in the U.S. as of July 31, 2023. For Fiscal 2023, our owned 
hotels, which include a combination of certain RockResort hotels as well as other hotels in proximity to our Resorts, had an 
overall ADR of $312.15, a paid occupancy rate of 51.5% and revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) of $160.75, as compared 
to the upper upscale segment’s ADR of $221.25, a paid occupancy rate of 67.1% and RevPAR of $148.45. We believe that this 
comparison  to  the  upper  upscale  segment  is  appropriate  as  our  mix  of  owned  hotels  include  those  in  the  luxury  and  upper 
upscale  segments,  as  well  as  some  of  our  hotels  that  fall  in  the  upscale  segment.  The  highly  seasonal  nature  of  our  lodging 
properties typically results in lower average occupancy as compared to the upper upscale segment of the lodging industry as a 
whole.

Competition

Competition  in  the  hotel  industry  is  generally  based  on  quality  and  consistency  of  rooms,  restaurants,  meeting  facilities  and 
services,  the  attractiveness  of  locations,  availability  of  a  global  distribution  system  and  price.  Our  properties  compete  within 
their geographic markets with hotels and resorts that include locally-owned independent hotels, as well as facilities owned or 
managed by national and international chains, including such brands as Four Seasons, Hilton, Hyatt, Marriott, Ritz-Carlton and 
Westin.  Our  properties  also  compete  for  convention  and  conference  business  across  the  national  market.  We  believe  we  are 
highly competitive in the resort hotel niche for the following reasons:

•

•

all of our hotels are located in unique, highly desirable resort destinations;

our  hotel  portfolio  has  achieved  some  of  the  most  prestigious  hotel  designations  in  the  world,  including  The 
Arrabelle at Vail Square, which is currently rated as AAA 4-Diamond;

• many  of  our  hotels  (both  owned  and  managed)  are  designed  to  provide  a  look  that  feels  indigenous  to  their 

surroundings, enhancing the guest’s vacation experience;

•

each of our RockResorts hotels provides the same high level of quality and services, while still providing unique 
characteristics which distinguish the resorts from one another. This appeals to travelers looking for consistency in 
quality and service offerings together with an experience more unique than typically offered by larger luxury hotel 
chains;

• many  of  the  hotels  in  our  portfolio  provide  a  wide  array  of  amenities  available  to  the  guest  such  as  access  to 
world-class ski and golf resorts, spa and fitness facilities, water sports and a number of other outdoor activities, as 
well as highly acclaimed dining options;

•

•

•

conference space with the latest technology is available at most of our hotels. In addition, guests at Keystone can 
use  our  company-owned  Keystone  Conference  Center,  the  largest  conference  facility  in  the  Colorado  Rocky 
Mountain region with more than 100,000 square feet of meeting, exhibit and function space. The Seven Springs 
Resorts also provide conference services, offering over 77,000 square feet of meeting and function space;

we  have  a  central  reservations  system  that  leverages  our  mountain  resort  reservations  system  and  has  an  online 
planning and booking platform, offering our guests a seamless and useful way to make reservations at our resorts; 
and 
we  actively  upgrade  the  quality  of  the  accommodations  and  amenities  available  at  our  hotels  through  capital 
improvements. Capital funding for third-party owned properties is provided by the owners of those properties to 
maintain standards required by our management contracts.

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National Park Concessioner Properties

We own GTLC, which is based in the Jackson Hole area in Wyoming and operates within Grand Teton National Park under a 
concession  agreement  with  the  NPS  with  an  initial  term  that  would  have  expired  on  December  31,  2021.  In  June  2021,  we 
agreed to an amendment extending the term of the agreement an additional two years, with an expiration date of December 31, 
2023. The NPS currently expects to release a contract solicitation for the services offered by GTLC by the end of calendar year 
2023. We currently expect that our existing agreement will be extended for an additional one year through December 31, 2024 
due to the time needed for solicitation, preparation, review and award of a new contract. We expect the NPS to confirm this 
extension  in  the  fall  of  2023.  We  also  own  Flagg  Ranch,  located  in  Moran,  Wyoming  and  centrally  located  between 
Yellowstone National Park and Grand Teton National Park on the John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway (the “Parkway”). 
Flagg  Ranch  operates  under  a  concession  agreement  with  the  NPS  that  expires  October  31,  2028.  GTLC  also  owns  Jackson 
Hole  Golf  &  Tennis  Club  (“JHG&TC”),  located  outside  Grand  Teton  National  Park  near  Jackson,  Wyoming.  GTLC’s 
operations within Grand Teton National Park and JHG&TC have operating seasons that generally run from mid-May through 
the end of September. 

We  primarily  compete  with  such  companies  as  Aramark  Parks  &  Resorts,  Delaware  North  Companies  Parks  &  Resorts, 
ExploreUS  and  Xanterra  Parks  &  Resorts  in  retaining  and  obtaining  NPS  concession  agreements.  Four  full-service 
concessioners  provide  accommodations  within  Grand  Teton  National  Park,  including  GTLC.  In  a  normal  operating  season, 
GTLC  offers  three  lodging  options  within  Grand  Teton  National  Park:  Jackson  Lake  Lodge,  a  full-service,  385-room  resort 
with 17,000 square feet of conference facilities; Jenny Lake Lodge, a small, rustically elegant retreat with 37 cabins; and Colter 
Bay Village, a facility with 166 log cabins, 66 tent cabins, 337 campsites and a 112-space recreational vehicle park. We also 
operate  two  additional  campgrounds  separate  from  these  facilities:  the  304-site  Gros  Ventre  Campground  and  51-site  Jenny 
Lake  Campground.  GTLC  offers  dining  options  as  extensive  as  its  lodging  options,  with  cafeterias,  casual  eateries  and  fine 
dining  establishments.  Additionally  we  operate  11  retail  outlets  located  throughout  the  GTLC  properties.  GTLC’s  resorts 
provide a wide range of activities for guests to enjoy, including cruises on Jackson Lake, boat rentals, horseback riding, guided 
fishing, float trips, golf and guided Grand Teton National Park tours. As a result of the extensive amenities offered, as well as 
the tremendous popularity of the National Park System, GTLC’s accommodations within Grand Teton National Park generally 
operate near full capacity during their operating season. 

Real Estate Segment

We  have  extensive  holdings  of  real  property  at  our  mountain  resorts  primarily  throughout  Summit  and  Eagle  Counties  in 
Colorado.  The  principal  activities  of  our  Real  Estate  segment  include  the  sale  of  land  parcels  to  third-party  developers  and 
planning  for  future  real  estate  development  projects,  including  zoning  and  acquisition  of  applicable  permits.  We  continue 
undertaking preliminary planning and design work on future projects and are pursuing opportunities with third-party developers 
rather  than  undertaking  our  own  significant  vertical  development  projects.  In  addition  to  the  cash  flow  generated  from  real 
estate development sales, these development activities benefit our Mountain and Lodging segments by (1) creating additional 
resort  lodging  and  other  resort  related  facilities  and  venues  (primarily  restaurants,  spas,  commercial  space,  private  mountain 
clubs, skier services facilities and parking structures) that provide us with the opportunity to create new sources of recurring 
revenue,  enhance  the  guest  experience  and  expand  our  destination  bed  base;  (2)  controlling  the  architectural  themes  of  our 
resorts; and (3) expanding our property management and commercial leasing operations.

Marketing and Sales

Our  Mountain  segment’s  marketing  and  sales  efforts  are  focused  on  leveraging  marketing  analytics  to  drive  targeted  and 
personalized marketing to our existing and prospective guests. We capture guest data on the vast majority of guest transactions 
through  sales  of  our  pass  products,  lift  tickets,  ski  and  ride  school  products,  gear  rentals,  and  lodging  properties  on  our  e-
commerce  platform,  as  well  as  through  our  mobile  applications  and  our  lift  ticket  windows.  We  promote  our  Resorts  using 
guest-centric  omni-channel  marketing  campaigns  leveraging  email,  direct  mail,  promotional  programs,  digital  marketing 
(including social, search and display) and traditional media advertising where appropriate (e.g. targeted print, TV and radio). 
We  also  have  marketing  programs  directed  at  attracting  groups,  corporate  meetings  and  convention  business.  Most  of  our 
marketing efforts drive traffic to our websites, where we provide our guests with information regarding each of our Resorts, 
including services and amenities, reservations information, virtual tours and the opportunity to book/purchase our full suite of 
products (e.g. lift access, lodging, ski and ride school, rentals, etc.) for their visits. We also enter into strategic alliances with 
companies to enhance the guest experience at our Resorts, as well as to create opportunities for cross-marketing.

For our Lodging segment, we promote our hotels and lodging properties through marketing and sales programs, which include 
marketing directly to many of our guests through our digital channels (search, social and display), promotional programs and 
print media advertising, all of which are designed to drive traffic to our websites and central reservations call center. We also 
promote  comprehensive  vacation  experiences  through  various  package  offerings  and  promotions  (combining  lodging,  lift 

12

tickets, ski school lessons, ski rental equipment, transportation and dining). In addition, our hotels have active sales forces to 
generate  conference  and  group  business.  We  market  our  resort  properties  in  conjunction  with  our  mountain  resort  marketing 
efforts where appropriate, given the strong synergies across the two businesses. 

Across both the Mountain and Lodging segments, sales made through our websites and call center allow us to transact directly 
with  our  guests,  which  further  expands  our  customer  base  and  enables  analytics  to  deliver  an  increasingly  guest-centric 
marketing experience. 

Seasonality

Ski  resort  operations  are  highly  seasonal  in  nature,  with  a  typical  ski  season  in  North  America  generally  beginning  in  mid-
November  and  running  through  mid-April.  In  an  effort  to  partially  mitigate  the  concentration  of  our  revenue  in  the  winter 
months  in  North  America,  we  offer  several  non-ski  related  activities  in  the  summer  months  such  as  sightseeing,  mountain 
biking, guided hiking, mountain coasters, ziplines, golf (primarily included in the operations of the Lodging segment) and our 
Epic Discovery program. These activities also help attract destination conference and group business to our Resorts in our off-
season. In addition, the operating results of our Australian Resorts, for which the ski season generally occurs from June through 
early  October,  partially  counterbalances  the  concentration  of  our  revenues  during  this  seasonally  lower  period  in  North 
America. 

Our lodging business is also highly seasonal in nature, with peak seasons primarily in the winter months (with the exception of 
GTLC,  Flagg  Ranch,  certain  managed  properties  and  mountain  resort  golf  operations).  We  actively  promote  our  extensive 
conference  facilities  and  have  added  more  off-season  activities  to  help  offset  the  seasonality  of  our  lodging  business. 
Additionally, we operate several golf courses proximate to our Resorts, as described above.

Sustainability & Social Responsibility

Sustainability remains a core philosophy for us. As a company rooted in the great outdoors, we have a unique responsibility to 
protect  and  preserve  the  incredible  environments  in  which  we  operate.  Through  our  corporate  sustainability  and  social 
responsibility program, EpicPromise, we focus on climate change mitigation and adaptation, resource conservation and building 
stronger  local  communities  through  contributions  to  local  non-profit  organizations.  Our  sustainability  efforts  are  diverse  and 
touch nearly every area of our operations. In 2017, we launched Commitment to Zero, our pledge to have a zero net operating 
footprint  by  2030.  This  commitment  includes  (i)  achieving  zero  net  emissions  by  finding  operational  energy  efficiencies, 
investing in renewable energy and investing in offsets and other emissions reduction projects, (ii) zero waste to landfill and (iii) 
zero net operating impact to forests and habitat by restoring an acre of forest for every acre displaced by our operations. 

As a result of this commitment, Vail Resorts was accepted as the first travel and tourism company into RE100, a collaborative 
initiative uniting more than 400 global and influential businesses committed to 100% renewable electricity. During Fiscal 2023, 
we continued to make progress toward our Commitment to Zero goals. Specifically, we focused on reducing waste to landfill 
and  expanding  our  robust  composting  and  recycling  programs  as  much  as  possible.  During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2022 
(“Fiscal 2022”) we achieved 100% renewable electricity for our North American operations, and as a result we were awarded 
the National Ski Area Association’s Golden Eagle Climate Change Award at their 2023 annual conference. In Fiscal 2023, we 
continued to make progress toward our zero net emissions goals, including continuing to purchase renewable energy from the 
82-turbine Plum Creek Wind project we enabled, along with other renewable electricity programs.

For  over  four  years,  Vail  Resorts  has  worked  with  leaders  from  other  ski  companies  to  develop  an  industry-driven  climate 
commitment.  In  June  2021  we,  alongside  Alterra  Mountain  Company,  Boyne  Resorts  and  POWDR,  announced  the  Climate 
Collaborative Charter - the ski industry’s first unified effort to combat climate change. This group rebranded as the Mountain 
Collaborative  for  Climate  Action  in  September  2022  and  continues  to  advocate  for  climate-smart  policy,  innovative  waste 
reduction, and deepened sustainability within the partners’ respective operations. This partnership leverages our leadership in 
sustainability  and  is  expected  to  accelerate  our  collective  progress,  leading  the  industry  toward  long-term  transformational 
change.

13

In  addition,  during  Fiscal  2023  we  sponsored  the  reforestation  of  95  acres  in  Washington,  Oregon  and  Wyoming  that  were 
previously impacted by wildfire, which addressed 100% of the forests permanently impacted by our operations throughout the 
year. Through direct EpicPromise grants and contributions from our $1 guest donation program, we partnered with several local 
environmental  organizations  to  fund  restoration  projects,  including  the  National  Forest  Foundation,  the  Tahoe  Fund,  Grand 
Teton National Park Foundation, Mountain Trails Foundation in Park City and the EnviroFund at Whistler Blackcomb. We also 
encouraged  our  employees  to  help  protect  the  environment  and  support  their  local  community  by  volunteering  with  various 
local  organizations.  Vail  Resorts  was  recently  recognized  by  Newsweek  as  one  of  the  “Most  Trustworthy  Companies  in 
America in 2023,” which we believe reflects our focus on building customer, investor, and employee trust through listening, 
learning and adapting to the needs of our team members and guests, while remaining responsible stewards through our industry-
leading sustainability efforts.

For Fiscal 2023, our focus for the EpicPromise community impact grant program focused on larger grants in key communities 
to support housing and childcare. In addition, support continues to be given for food security, equal access to education and 
other  basic  needs  and  services.  In  the  second  year  of  our  Epic  for  Everyone  Youth  Access  in  partnership  with  the  Katz 
Amsterdam  Foundation,  we  hosted  2,186  urban  youth  to  attend  a  5-day  snowsports  program.  We  also  continued  our  legacy 
access  program  with  more  than  9,100  youth  participating  in  multi-day  programs  focused  on  mentorship,  leadership  and  the 
impact  of  outdoor  time  on  mental  health  in  this  unprecedented  time.  Finally,  our  EpicPromise  Employee  Foundation  (the 
“Foundation”), which was established in 2015, is a charitable foundation funded by annual contributions from the Company, its 
employees and its guests. The Foundation supports Vail Resorts’ employees and their families via grants for emergency relief 
and scholarships. Annually more than $1 million in grants and scholarships are provided to help employees in times of need or 
to  pursue  educational  opportunities.  For  more  information  on  both  the  Foundation  and  our  environmental  stewardship,  visit 
www.EpicPromise.com. Information on our websites does not constitute part of this document.

Human Capital Management

At Vail Resorts, our talent philosophy is designed to enable us to fully achieve our mission and vision by ensuring we have the 
talent in place to deliver on our future growth plans. We are truly passionate about our people, and we are focused on attracting, 
developing  and  retaining  the  best  talent  and  building  the  best  teams  around  them.  At  fiscal  year  end,  we  employed 
approximately 7,200 year-round employees. Over the course of our Resorts’ various winter and summer operating seasons in 
Fiscal 2023, we employed approximately 49,200 seasonal employees. In addition, we employed approximately 200 year-round 
employees and 200 seasonal employees on behalf of the owners of our managed hotel properties. We consider our employee 
relations to be positive.

Recent investments in employee wages and benefits have driven strong staffing levels, enabling our mountain resorts to deliver 
strong guest experience results, including on-mountain activities as well as at our restaurants, lodging, ski and ride school, and 
retail/rental  locations.  These  investments  included:  (i)  increases  in  compensation  for  all  of  our  hourly  employees,  including 
seasonal frontline staff, for the 2022/2023 North American ski season; (ii) investments in our human resource department to 
support  full  staffing  and  deliver  enhanced  employee  experience  and  a  new  frontline  leadership  development  program;  (iii)  a 
new mental health program available for all employees, even if they are not enrolled in an employer-sponsored healthcare plan, 
which  includes  free  mental  health  therapy  sessions;  (iv)  expanded  reproductive  care;  (v)  establishment  of  a  Flexible  Remote 
Work policy which allows corporate employees to permanently work from any state in which we currently operate; and (vi) 
new employee benefits, including a 40% discount for retail and rental gear. Collectively, these investments helped enable strong 
return rates for our seasonal employee population.

The  Vail  Resorts  talent  philosophy  recognizes  that  people  are  our  most  important  asset  in  driving  our  business  growth,  and 
outlines the role that leaders play in attracting, developing, engaging, retaining and rewarding high performing, high potential 
talent,  including  supporting  them  to  achieve  their  future  career  growth.  Our  talent  management  system  equips  leaders  with 
programs and tools to effectively assess, develop and reward talent and includes regular leadership talent review and assessment 
processes  to  ensure  that  the  caliber  and  capability  of  our  talent  aligns  with  the  sophistication  of  our  business  strategies  and 
processes.  Our  executive  team  reviews  talent  strategy  and  succession  planning  frequently,  including  with  our  Board  of 
Directors,  to  assess  current  and  future  talent  needs.  We  have  a  strong  track  record  of  hiring,  developing  and  preparing  high 
performing, high potential talent for internal mobility and succession and since 2018, we have nearly doubled our percentage of 
high  performing,  high  potential  talent  through  performance  management  and  talent  upgrades.  As  a  result,  succession  for  our 
year-round senior leadership roles is primarily sourced through internal talent development and promotion, rather than external 
hires (76% internal fill rate, including re-hires). Over the past three years, we announced internal successors for some of the 
most  senior  roles  in  our  Company,  including  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Marketing  Officer,  President  of  the  Mountain 
Division and Chief Operating Officer of Hospitality and Retail. Nearly all of our recent appointments of General Managers and 
Chief Operating Officers of our Resorts for the past three years came from internal succession. Additionally, in December 2022 

14

we appointed a new Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer who had previously been with the Company for more 
than ten years, serving in various senior finance leadership roles.

To  ensure  we  are  building  high  performing  teams,  we  encourage  every  employee  at  every  level  within  the  Company  to 
continuously  grow  their  leadership  by  participating  in  ongoing  events  that  build  leadership  capability  and  drive  aligned 
leadership expectations to enable business outcomes. We host an annual leadership summit that brings together our leaders at 
the senior manager level and above to build understanding and alignment to business priorities, explore emerging leadership 
topics and build connections across our growing global business and organization. We offer ongoing digital leadership series 
discussions led by our CEO for this same population throughout the year and equip leaders to share learnings and insights from 
these  sessions  in  dialogue  with  their  teams  for  the  benefit  of  the  entire  organization.  Our  leadership  philosophy  has  a  very 
strong emphasis on emotional intelligence and a leader’s ability to understand their own impact on others, and shape that impact 
to unlock the potential of their teams.

We offer a broad range of professionally designed leadership development programs, with differentiated development for our 
highest performing, highest potential employees who make up our long-term leadership succession pipeline. Building upon our 
culture of leadership development and in addition to the wage investment for seasonal, frontline talent, we also relaunched our 
signature  “Epic  Service”  training.  This  program  inspires  and  equips  frontline  talent,  who  play  the  most  important  role  in 
delivering a differentiated guest experience, to practice service-based leadership. We reinforce the principles of this program 
through a daily in-resort frontline recognition program and manager-led career development conversations for frontline staff. 
The  full  Epic  Service  development  platform  enables  employees  to  choose  curated  learning  experiences  in  the  areas  of 
Leadership, Guest Service and Business – that align with their specific motivations and career goals. Results are measured by 
completion of required training, utilization and impact of the Epic Service recognition program, employee engagement scores, 
pipeline readiness of internal talent for front-line leader roles, guest experience scores and Net Promoter Scores.

We  leverage  a  quarterly  continuous  listening  survey  to  measure  and  understand  the  key  drivers  of  sustainable  engagement 
among our employees, make timely adjustments to maintain strong alignment, and to care for the needs of our employees. 

Vail Resorts Culture

Core to our human capital management strategy is our mission – to create an Experience of a Lifetime for our employees so 
they  can  in  turn  create  an  Experience  of  a  Lifetime  for  our  guests.  We  have  a  values-based  leadership  culture  that  places  a 
premium  on  leader  transparency,  vulnerability  and  authenticity.  We  look  for  people  to  join  Vail  Resorts  who  are  brave, 
passionate and ambitious. As Vail Resorts employees, we hold ourselves accountable for living these seven foundational values 
every day in everything we do: Serve Others, Do Right, Do Good, Be Safe, Have Fun, Be Inclusive and Drive Value. 

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

We  believe  that  diversity,  equity  and  inclusion  (“DEI”)  is  core  to  both  our  company  success  and  the  future  growth  of  our 
industry. At Vail Resorts, one of our core values is “Be Inclusive,” which means that we expect everyone at our Company to be 
welcoming  to  others,  including  all  races,  gender  identities,  sexual  orientations,  abilities  and  other  differences.  We  have  also 
recently  added  a  new  leadership  competency,  “Elevate,”  which  requires  that  all  of  our  leaders  are  self-aware  of  their  own 
inclusive  behavior  so  they  can  intentionally  build  diverse  representation,  bring  equity  to  our  business  practices,  and  create 
inclusive communities in which all people can thrive. We are focused on moving from accountability to action, and “Elevate” 
will be included as a competency in our annual performance management process for all employees beginning with the year 
ending July 31, 2024.

15

We have a long history of building gender diversity throughout the Company. Women represent 55% of our corporate senior 
leaders at the director level and above and 53% of our corporate roles generally. Ten resorts in our portfolio are led by women, 
including  six  of  our  11  destination  mountain  resorts  (Breckenridge,  Vail,  Park  City,  Crested  Butte,  Whistler  Blackcomb  and 
Northstar). Five of the ten directors on our Board are women, four of our twelve executive committee members are women, we 
are one of only a few Fortune 1000 companies with women in both the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer 
positions, and our Chief Executive Officer, Kirsten Lynch, is the only woman in our industry to head a Fortune 1000 company. 
While women currently represent approximately 22% of mountain operations senior leadership roles, we continue to strive to 
bring more gender diversity to these roles, which have historically been male-dominated. We have also developed women in 
leadership  programs  and  a  Women  &  Allies  Employee  Resource  Group  (“ERG”)  to  foster  an  inclusive  culture  and  ensure 
equity of our talent practices. ERGs are part of a framework for under-represented talent to create a community with people 
who  share  those  parts  of  their  identity  and  their  allies.  Collectively,  we  refer  to  ERGs  and  Affinity  Groups  as  “Employee 
Inclusion Networks.” Our first Affinity Group was the Rainbow Room, which was established in 2021 and focused on creating 
a  community  for  our  LGBTQIA+  employees  and  allies.  We  also  recently  announced  two  new  Affinity  Groups  which  will 
launch in Fiscal 2024, the Black Employee Network and the Veterans, Partners & Allies Affinity Group.

Building on our success with increasing representation of women, we are focused on improving racial diversity at Vail Resorts, 
as well as in our communities and our industry. To that end, we are working to address barriers to attracting, developing and 
retaining the best talent from BIPOC communities in order to fuel innovation and growth within our Company and industry. We 
are also incorporating more diverse representation in our marketing efforts, including more direct outreach to communities of 
color. Over the past three years, we have undertaken extensive efforts around DEI, including company-wide virtual webinars 
bringing  forward  diverse  voices,  DEI  dialogues  with  external  thought  leaders,  online  DEI  training  modules  aligned  with  our 
“Be  Inclusive”  value,  building  leader  capability  against  our  new  “Elevate”  competency,  and  establishment  of  the 
aforementioned employee resource groups and affinity groups. As part of our commitment to driving sustainable change, we 
are  listening  and  learning  as  a  company,  and  the  Company  is  part  of  CEO  Action,  Colorado  Inclusive  Economy  and  Civic 
Alliance.

We  are  committed  to  providing  our  employees  with  an  Experience  of  a  Lifetime.  We  have  a  holistic  set  of  total  rewards 
programs  designed  to  support  all  aspects  of  that  experience  for  people  of  all  races  and  genders,  and  we  strive  for 
competitiveness against the external market for talent. In addition, as part of our “Be Inclusive” core value, we conduct regular 
pay equity audits and make adjustments as needed.

Our Code of Conduct states that every employee is entitled to work in a respectful environment that is free of harassment and 
discrimination and we require our full-time, year-round employees, as well as certain seasonal employees, to complete a Code 
of  Conduct  training  on  an  annual  basis.  This  annual  requirement  includes  training  on  a  variety  of  topics,  such  as  financial 
integrity, ethical leadership and anti-harassment. In Fiscal 2023, the training was completed by 96% of this employee base. 

Mountain Safety

The nature of our on-mountain operations comes with inherent safety risks, and the health and safety of our employees is a top 
priority. It is the shared responsibility of every employee to actively participate in creating a safe and secure environment and to 
minimize injuries. To that end, we routinely:

•

Provide  resources  and  education  to  promote  safe  operating  environments  at  our  resorts,  including  compliance  with 
Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards, as well as to improve overall workplace safety and health. 

16

This  includes  regular  and  ongoing  safety  training  and  assessments  as  well  as  safety  audits,  and  all  employees  are 
required to take annual slope safety training.
Proactively  assess  risks  to  identify  and  mitigate  unsafe  conditions  and  integrate  learnings  from  incidents  to  prevent 
future occurrences across our network of resorts.
Hire and train a dedicated health and safety team that oversees resort operations as well as highly trained ski patrol 
professionals at each resort.

•

•

Employee Housing

Making  affordable  employee  housing  available  is  critical  to  achieve  our  hiring  and  retention  goals.  While  identifying  and 
securing  affordable  housing  options  is  challenging  in  some  of  the  communities  in  which  we  operate,  providing  frontline 
employees  affordable  housing  in  our  resort  communities  is  a  critical  aspect  of  the  employee  value  proposition.  For  the 
2023/2024  North  American  ski  season,  we  expect  to  serve  approximately  6,500  frontline  team  members  with  affordable 
housing across our Resorts, as well as an additional 1,200 team members at GTLC for the 2024 summer season.

Intellectual Property

The development of intellectual property is part of our overall business strategy, and we regard our intellectual property as an 
important  element  of  our  success.  Accordingly,  we  protect  our  intellectual  property  rights  and  seek  to  protect  against  its 
unauthorized  use  through  international,  national  and  state  laws  and  common  law  rights.  We  file  applications  for  and  obtain 
trademark registrations and have filed for patents to protect inventions and will continue to do so where appropriate. We also 
seek  to  maintain  our  trade  secrets  and  confidential  information  by  nondisclosure  policies  and  through  the  use  of  appropriate 
confidentiality agreements and contractual provisions.

In the highly competitive industry in which we operate, trademarks, service marks, trade names and logos are very important in 
the  sales  and  marketing  of  our  pass  products,  destination  mountain  resorts  and  regional  ski  areas,  lodging  properties  and 
services. We seek to register and protect our trademarks, service marks, trade names and logos and have obtained a significant 
number of registrations for those trademarks. We believe our brands have become synonymous in the travel and leisure industry 
with  a  reputation  for  excellence  in  service  and  authentic  hospitality.  Among  other  national  and  international  trademark 
registrations,  the  Company  owns  U.S.  federal  registrations  for  Epic®,  Epic  Pass®,  Vail  Resorts®,  Vail®,  Beaver  Creek®, 
Breckenridge®, Keystone®, Crested Butte & Design®, Kirkwood & Design® and Heavenly®. The Company also owns Canadian 
and U.S. trademark registrations for the Whistler Blackcomb & Design® name and logo.

Environmental Compliance and other Laws and Regulations

Our  operations  are  subject  to  federal,  state  and  local  laws  and  regulations  governing  the  environment,  including  laws  and 
regulations  governing  water  and  sewer  discharges,  water  use,  air  emissions,  soil  and  groundwater  contamination,  the 
maintenance of underground and aboveground storage tanks and the disposal of waste and hazardous materials. Examples of 
such  laws  and  regulations  in  the  U.S.  include  the  National  Environmental  Policy  Act  (NEPA),  the  California  Environmental 
Quality Act and the Vermont Land Use and Development Act. Internationally, we are subject to the Forest and Range Practices 
Act  and  Watershed  Sustainability  Act  in  British  Columbia  as  well  as  the  Environmental  Planning  and  Assessment  Act  1979 
(NSW, Australia) and the Environment Protection Act 1970 and the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 
1999  (Victoria,  Australia).  With  the  acquisition  of  Andermatt-Sedrun,  the  Company  is  required  to  comply  with  all  Swiss 
regulations, including federal acts and ordinances, as well as Cantonal authorities.

Various  federal,  state,  local  and  provincial  regulations  also  govern  our  resort  operations,  including  liquor  licensing  and  food 
safety regulations applicable to our food and beverage operations and safety standards relating to our lift operations and heli-ski 
operations at Whistler Blackcomb. In addition, each resort is subject to and must comply with state, county, regional and local 
government  land  use  regulations  and  restrictions,  including,  for  example,  employee  housing  ordinances,  zoning  and  density 
restrictions,  noise  ordinances  and  wildlife,  water  and  air  quality  regulations.  We  believe  that  we  are  in  compliance,  in  all 
material  respects,  with  environmental  and  other  laws  and  regulations.  Compliance  with  such  provisions  has  not  materially 
impacted our capital expenditures, earnings, or competitive position, and we do not anticipate that it will have a material impact 
in the future.

Contracts with Governmental Authorities for Resort Operations

U.S. Forest Service Resorts

The  operations  of  Breckenridge,  Vail  Mountain,  Keystone,  Crested  Butte,  Stevens  Pass,  Heavenly,  Kirkwood,  Mount  Snow, 
Attitash  and  portions  of  Beaver  Creek  and  Wildcat  are  conducted  on  land  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  U.S.  Forest  Service 

17

(collectively, the “Forest Service Resorts”). The 1986 Ski Area Permit Act (the “1986 Act”) allows the Forest Service to grant 
Term Special Use Permits (each, a “SUP”) for the operation of ski areas and construction of related facilities on National Forest 
lands.  In  November  2011,  the  1986  Act  was  amended  by  the  Ski  Area  Recreational  Opportunity  Enhancement  Act  (the 
“Enhancement Act”) to clarify the Forest Service’s authority to approve facilities primarily for year-round recreation. Under the 
1986  Act  and  the  Enhancement  Act,  the  Forest  Service  has  the  authority  to  review  and  approve  the  location,  design  and 
construction of improvements in the permit area and many operational matters.

Each  individual  national  forest  is  required  by  the  National  Forest  Management  Act  to  develop  and  maintain  a  Land  and 
Resource Management Plan (a “Forest Plan”), which establishes standards and guidelines for the Forest Service to follow and 
consider in reviewing and approving our proposed actions.

Each of the Forest Service Resorts operates under a SUP, and the acreage and expiration date information for each SUP is as 
follows:

Forest Service Resort 

Breckenridge

Acres

5,702

Expiration Date

December 31, 2029

Vail Mountain

12,226

December 1, 2031

Keystone

Beaver Creek

Heavenly

Mount Snow

Attitash

Wildcat

Kirkwood

Stevens Pass

Crested Butte

8,376

3,801

7,050

894

279

953

2,330

2,443

4,350

December 31, 2032

November 8, 2039

May 1, 2042

April 4, 2047

April 4, 2047

November 18, 2050

March 1, 2052

August 31, 2058

September 27, 2058

We anticipate requesting a new SUP for each Forest Service Resort prior to its expiration date as provided by Forest Service 
regulations and the terms of each existing SUP. We are not aware of the Forest Service refusing to issue a new SUP to replace 
an  expiring  SUP  for  a  ski  resort  in  operation  at  the  time  of  expiration.  The  Forest  Service  can  also  terminate  a  SUP  if  it 
determines that termination is required in the public interest. However, to our knowledge, no SUP has ever been terminated by 
the Forest Service over the opposition of the permit holder.

Each SUP contains a number of requirements, including indemnifying the Forest Service from third-party claims arising out of 
our operation under the SUP and compliance with applicable laws, such as those relating to water quality and endangered or 
threatened species. For use of the land authorized by the SUPs, we pay a fee to the Forest Service ranging from 1.5% to 4.0% of 
adjusted gross revenue for activities authorized by the SUPs. Included in the calculation are sales from, among other things, lift 
tickets,  pass  products,  ski  school  lessons,  food  and  beverage,  certain  summer  activities,  equipment  rentals  and  retail 
merchandise.

The SUPs may be revised or amended to accommodate changes initiated by us or by the Forest Service to change the permit 
area  or  permitted  uses.  The  Forest  Service  may  amend  a  SUP  if  it  determines  that  such  amendment  is  in  the  public  interest. 
While the Forest Service is required to seek the permit holder’s consent to any amendment, an amendment can be finalized over 
a permit holder’s objection. Permit amendments must be consistent with the Forest Plan and are subject to the provisions of the 
National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), both of which are discussed below.

The 1986 Act requires a Master Development Plan (“MDP”) for each ski area that is granted a SUP, and all improvements that 
we propose to make on National Forest System lands under any of our SUPs must be included in a MDP, which describes the 
existing and proposed facilities, developments and area of activity within the permit area. The MDPs are reviewed by the Forest 
Service for compliance with the Forest Plan and other applicable laws and, if found to be compliant, are accepted by the Forest 
Service.  Notwithstanding  acceptance  by  the  Forest  Service  of  the  conceptual  MDPs,  individual  projects  still  require  separate 
applications and compliance with NEPA and other applicable laws before the Forest Service will approve such projects. We 
update or amend our MDPs for our Forest Service Resorts from time to time. 

18

Whistler Blackcomb

Whistler  Blackcomb  is  comprised  of  two  mountains:  Whistler  Mountain  and  Blackcomb  Mountain.  Whistler  Mountain  and 
Blackcomb  Mountain  are  located  on  Crown  Land  within  the  traditional  territory  of  the  Squamish  and  Lil’wat  Nations.  The 
relationship between Whistler Blackcomb and Her Majesty, the Queen in Right of British Columbia (the “Province”) is largely 
governed  by  Master  Development  Agreements  (the  “MDAs”)  between  the  Province  and  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited 
Partnership (“Whistler LP”) with respect to Whistler Mountain, and between the Province and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises 
Limited  Partnership  (“Blackcomb  LP”)  with  respect  to  Blackcomb  Mountain.  Together,  Whistler  LP  and  Blackcomb  LP  are 
referred to as the “Partnerships.”

The  MDAs,  which  were  entered  into  in  February  2017,  have  a  term  of  60  years  (expiring  on  February  23,  2077)  and  are 
replaceable for an additional 60 years by option exercisable by the Partnerships after the first 30 years of the initial term. In 
accordance with the MDAs, the Partnerships are obligated to pay annual fees to the Province at a percentage of gross revenues 
related to the operation of certain activities at Whistler Blackcomb.

The MDAs require that each of the mountains be developed, operated and maintained in accordance with its respective master 
plan,  which  contains  requirements  as  to  matters  such  as  trail  design  and  development,  passenger  lift  development  and 
environmental concerns. The MDAs grant a general license to use the Whistler Mountain lands and the Blackcomb Mountain 
lands for the operation and development of Whistler Blackcomb. The MDAs also provide for the granting of specific tenures of 
land owned by the Province to the Whistler LP or the Blackcomb LP, as applicable, by way of rights-of-way, leases or licenses. 
Each Partnership is permitted to develop new improvements to Whistler Mountain or Blackcomb Mountain, as the case may be, 
within standard municipal type development control conditions. We are obligated to indemnify the Province from third-party 
claims arising out of our operations under the MDAs.

Northeast Resorts

Stowe and Okemo operate partially on land that we own and partially on land we lease from the State of Vermont. With respect 
to Stowe, the land we own is on the Spruce Peak side of the resort while the land we lease from the State of Vermont is located 
on Mt. Mansfield in the Mt. Mansfield State Forest. The initial ten year term of the lease commenced in June 1967, and the 
lease provides for eight separate ten year extension options. The current term of the lease extends through June 2027, and there 
are three remaining ten year extension options. With respect to Okemo, we own the Jackson Gore base area land and lease most 
of the skiable terrain from the State of Vermont. The initial ten year term of the lease commenced in December 1963, and the 
lease provides for eight separate ten year extension options. The current term of the lease extends through December 2023, and 
there are three remaining ten year extension options. Under both leases, the land can be used for the development and operation 
of a ski area including ski trails, ski lifts, warming shelters, restaurants and maintenance facilities. For use of the land under the 
leases, we pay a fee to the State of Vermont based on revenue for activities authorized by the lease, such as lift tickets, pass 
products,  food  and  beverage,  summer  activities  and  retail  merchandise.  We  are  obligated  to  indemnify  the  State  of  Vermont 
from third-party claims arising out of our operations under the lease.

Mount Sunapee lies within the Mount Sunapee State Park and operates on land that we lease from the State of New Hampshire. 
The initial twenty year term of the lease commenced in July 1998, and the lease provides for three separate ten year extension 
options. The current term of the lease extends through June 2028, and there are two remaining ten year extension options. The 
land  can  be  managed  and  operated  as  a  ski  area  and  summer  recreational  facility,  including  all  of  its  support  activities,  to 
provide year-round outdoor recreation. For use of the land under the lease, we pay a fee to the State of New Hampshire that 
includes both a base fee and a fee based on revenue from activities authorized by the lease, such as lift tickets, pass products, 
food and beverage, summer activities and retail merchandise. We are obligated to indemnify the State of New Hampshire from 
third-party claims arising out of our operations under the lease.

Laurel Mountain

Laurel Mountain Ski Area operates within Laurel Mountain State Park (“State Park”) under a Concession Lease Agreement (the 
“Lease  Agreement”)  with  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  acting  through  the  Department  of  Conservation  and  Natural 
Resources  (“Department”).  The  Lease  Agreement,  first  entered  into  on  October  15,  2018,  allows  for  ski  operations  on 
approximately 387 acres of the State Park, including the existing ski area, buildings and equipment owned by the Department. 
The  Lease  Agreement  is  automatically  renewed  for  a  total  of  35  one-year  terms  through  October  31,  2051.  We  pay  a  fixed 
annual rent, as well and an additional amount based on the number of skier visits, with a cap subject to semi-annual consumer 
price index adjustments.

19

Australian Resorts

Perisher  is  located  in  the  Kosciuszko  National  Park,  the  largest  national  park  in  New  South  Wales,  Australia.  The  resort 
includes four villages (Perisher Valley, Smiggin Holes, Guthega and Blue Cow) and their associated ski fields, as well as the 
site  of  the  Skitube  Alpine  Railway  at  Bullock’s  Flat,  which  is  accredited  in  accordance  with  the  Rail  Safety  National  Law 
(NSW) No. 82a. The Office of Environment and Heritage (“OEH”), an agency of the New South Wales government, which is 
part  of  the  Department  of  Planning  and  Environment,  is  responsible  for  the  protection  and  conservation  of  the  Kosciuszko 
National  Park.  The  National  Parks  and  Wildlife  Act  1974  (NSW)  (“NPW  Act”)  establishes  the  National  Parks  and  Wildlife 
Service and is responsible for the control and management of the Kosciusko National Park.

The  NPW  Act  requires  the  Kosciuszko  National  Park  to  be  managed  in  accordance  with  the  principles  specified  in  that 
legislation, including the provision for sustainable visitor or tourist use and enjoyment that is compatible with the conservation 
of  the  national  park’s  natural  and  cultural  values.  The  legislation  also  authorizes  the  Minister  for  the  Environment  and  the 
Minister  for  Heritage  (the  “Minister”)  to  grant  leases  and  licenses  of  land  within  the  Kosciuszko  National  Park  for  various 
purposes, including for purposes related to sustainable visitor or tourist use and enjoyment. Under this power, the Minister has 
granted  to  Perisher  a  lease  and  a  license  of  specified  land  within  the  Kosciusko  National  Park  until  June  30,  2048,  with  an 
option to renew for an additional period of 20 years. The Minister has also granted Perisher a lease of the parking lot at Perisher 
Valley that expires on December 31, 2025. Subject to certain conditions being met, the lease for the Perisher Valley parking lot 
can  be  extended  until  June  30,  2048,  with  an  option  to  renew  for  a  further  20  years.  The  lease  and  license  provide  for  the 
payment of a minimum annual base rent with periodic increases in base rent over the term, turnover rent payments based on a 
percentage of certain gross revenue, remittance of park user fees and certain other charges, also subject to periodic increases 
over the term.

Falls Creek and Hotham are located in the Alpine National Park in Victoria, Australia. Falls Creek and Hotham both operate on 
Crown land permanently reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 (Vic), with the exception of three small parcels of 
freehold  land  within  the  Hotham  resort  area.  Each  resort  is  subject  to  the  Alpine  Resorts  (Management)  Act  1997  (Vic)  (the 
“ARM  Act”),  which  is  in  place  to  manage  the  development,  promotion,  management  and  use  of  the  resorts  on  a  sustainable 
basis  and  in  a  manner  that  is  compatible  with  the  alpine  environment.  The  ARM  Act  established  the  Alpine  Resorts 
Commission  to  plan  for  the  direction  and  sustainable  growth  of  Victoria’s  five  alpine  resorts  (including  Falls  Creek  and 
Hotham).  This  includes  review  and  coordination  of  the  implementation  of  an  Alpine  Resorts  Strategic  Plan  to  which  Falls 
Creek and Hotham are subject.

The ARM Act also established each of the Falls Creek Resort Management Board and Hotham Resort Management Board (the 
“RMBs”), each of which is appointed by, and responsible to, the Minister for Energy, Environment and Climate Change (the 
“Minister”). The RMBs are responsible for the management and collection of fees for entrance into the Alpine National Park 
and  from  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  ski  resorts.  The  ARM  Act  authorizes  the  RMBs  to  grant  leases  subject  to  Ministerial 
approval, and under this power, the entities operating the Hotham and Falls Creek resorts have each been leased land within the 
Alpine National Park under various long-term leases with differing expiration dates. The main lease for the ski field at Falls 
Creek expires December 31, 2040, while the main lease for the ski field at Hotham expires December 31, 2057. The key ski 
field leases provide for the payment of rent with both a fixed and variable component, a community service charge payable to 
the ARCC and a ski patrol contribution payable to RMBs. At Hotham, we also lease land known as ‘Dinner Plain’ within the 
Alpine National Park which expires on June 30, 2031, with an option to extend for a further 10 years.

The Alpine Resorts (Management) Regulations 2009 (Vic) gives the RMBs the power to declare the snow season, temporarily 
close the resort to entry if there is a significant danger to public safety, determine parts of a resort to which entry is prohibited, 
set aside areas of the resort for public use, parking, driving of vehicles, or landing of aircraft, and determine the areas for cross 
country ski trails, skiing, snowboarding and other snow play activities. 

Andermatt-Sedrun

Andermatt-Sedrun,  acquired  by  the  Company  on  August  3,  2022,  is  located  in  the  Usern  Valley  of  the  Swiss  Alps  and 
comprises five mountains (Gemsstock, Nätschen, Sedrun/Oberalp, Realp and Valtgeva). Ski operations are conducted on land 
owned  by  Andermatt  Swiss  Alps  AG  (“ASA”)  as  freehold  or  leasehold  properties,  land  owned  by  Usern  Corporation,  land 
owned by the municipality of Tujetsch and land owned by private property owners.

ASA holds three leasehold properties, which are owned by either Usern Corporation, a corporation under public law consisting 
of all the citizens of the Usern Valley, or the Swiss Confederation, namely the Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection, 
and  Sport  (“DDPS”).  For  the  land  owned  by  Usern  Corporation,  ASA  and  Usern  Corporation  have  entered  into  a  main 
framework concession agreement, dated August 13, 2013, which sets forth the terms and conditions for the use of the land in 
connection  with  ski  infrastructure  facilities  in  the  Gemsstock  and  Nätschen-Gütsch-Oberalp  areas  (“Ursern  Framework 

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Concession”). The Ursern Framework Concession was entered into for a fixed term until December 31, 2032. An application 
for renewal of the Ursern Framework Concession must be submitted at least 12 months prior to the expiration of the concession 
agreement, and we anticipate applying for the renewal. For the land owned by the Swiss Confederation, ASA has entered into 
leasehold agreements with the DDPS, which have a term of 50 years expiring on April 10, 2067 and March 13, 2068.

Another  part  of  the  land  on  which  the  Andermatt-Sedrun  resort  operations  are  conducted  is  owned  by  the  municipality  of 
Tujetsch. By means of a personal easement agreement dated October 12, 2012, ASA was granted various building rights and 
rights of way in order to build, operate and maintain the T-Bars and chairlifts on Tujetsch's property. The personal easement 
agreement was entered into for a fixed term until October 12, 2032, and we anticipate applying for renewal.

With respect to Swiss operations, companies who provide for regular and commercial passenger transportation by rail, road and 
water as well as by cable cars and elevators must obtain a passenger transport concession from the Federal Office of Transport 
(“FOT”).  Under  the  Ursern  Framework  Concession,  ASA  was  granted  the  required  concessions  for  all  ski  infrastructure 
facilities  and  the  usage  of  the  ski  slopes  on  the  property  of  the  Ursern  Corporation.  In  the  course  of  expanding  the  ski 
infrastructure  facilities  Urserntal-Oberalp,  the  FOT  granted  ASA  passenger  transport  concessions  for  a  total  of  12  cableway 
installations by means of a plan approval dated May 30, 2014. Each passenger transport concession has a separate expiration 
date  between  2026  and  2042,  and  we  will  then  be  able  to  apply  for  an  extension  or  new  concession.  Additionally,  the  plan 
approval included concessions and approvals for ancillary installations such as ski slopes, snowmaking systems, rolling carpets, 
railway station passenger subway and clearings.

Concession Agreements

National Park Concessioner Properties

GTLC operates three lodging properties, food and beverage services, retail, camping and other services within the Grand Teton 
National Park under a concession agreement with the NPS. Our concession agreement with the NPS for GTLC, which had an 
initial term expiration date of December 31, 2021, was amended in June 2021 to extend the term to December 31, 2023. The 
NPS currently expects to release a contract solicitation for the services offered by GTLC by the end of calendar year 2023. We 
currently expect that our existing agreement will be extended for an additional one year through December 31, 2024 due to the 
time needed for solicitation, preparation, review and award of a new contract. We expect the NPS to confirm this extension in 
the fall of 2023. We pay a fee to the NPS of a percentage of the majority of our sales occurring in Grand Teton National Park.

Flagg  Ranch  Company,  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  provides  lodging,  food  and  beverage  services,  retail,  service  station, 
recreation and other services on the Parkway located between Grand Teton National Park and Yellowstone National Park. Our 
concession contract with the NPS for the Parkway expires on October 31, 2028, and we pay a fee to the NPS of a percentage of 
the majority of our sales occurring in the Parkway. 

Prior to expiration of these concession contracts, we will have the opportunity to bid against other prospective concessioners for 
award of a new contract. The NPS may suspend operations under the concession contract at any time if the NPS determines it is 
necessary to protect visitors or resources within the Grand Teton National Park or during a Federal Government shutdown. The 
NPS  may  also  terminate  the  concession  contract  for  breach,  following  notice  and  a  15  day  cure  period  or  if  it  believes 
termination is necessary to protect visitors or resources within the Grand Teton National Park.

Available Information

We file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports, including our annual report on Form 10-
K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports pursuant to Section 13(a) or 
15(d)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”).  These  reports  and  proxy  statements  are 
available  free  of  charge  on  our  corporate  website  www.vailresorts.com  as  soon  as  reasonably  practicable  after  they  are 
electronically  filed  with  or  furnished  to  the  SEC.  We  also  use  our  website  as  a  means  of  disclosing  additional  information, 
including for complying with our disclosure obligations under the SEC’s Regulation FD (Fair Disclosure). Information on our 
websites does not constitute part of this document. Materials filed with or furnished to the SEC are also made available on its 
website at www.sec.gov.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS.

Our  operations  and  financial  results  are  subject  to  various  risks  and  uncertainties  that  could  adversely  affect  our  financial 
position, results of operations and cash flows. The risks described below should carefully be considered together with the other 
information contained in this report.

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Risks Related to Our Business

We are subject to the risk of prolonged weakness in general economic conditions including adverse effects on the overall 
travel and leisure related industries. 

Skiing, travel and tourism are discretionary recreational activities that can entail a relatively high cost of participation and may 
be adversely affected by economic slowdown or recession. Economic conditions in North America, Europe and parts of the rest 
of  the  world,  including  inflationary  pressures,  rising  interest  rates,  supply  chain  disruption,  fluctuating  commodity  pricing, 
geopolitical uncertainties, increased labor costs and shortages, increased fuel prices, high unemployment, erosion of consumer 
confidence, health pandemics, sovereign debt issues and financial instability in the global markets, among other factors, could 
have negative effects on the travel and leisure industry and on our results of operations. As a result of these and other economic 
uncertainties,  we  have  experienced  and  may  continue  to  experience  changes  in  booking  trends  including  guest  reservations 
made much closer to the actual date of stay, a decrease in the length of stay, a decrease in consumer spending and/or a decrease 
in group bookings. We cannot predict what further impact these uncertainties may continue to have on overall travel and leisure 
or more specifically, on our guest visitation, guest spending or other related trends and the ultimate impact it will have on our 
results  of  operations.  Additionally,  the  actual  or  perceived  fear  of  weakness  in  the  economy  could  also  lead  to  decreased 
spending by our guests. This could be further exacerbated by the fact that we charge some of the highest prices for single day 
lift  tickets  and  ancillary  services  in  the  ski  industry;  however,  we  offer  pass  products,  including  the  Epic  Day  Pass,  that  are 
available at a discount to the single day lift ticket prices. In the event of a decrease in visitation and overall guest spending we 
may  decide  we  need  to  offer  a  higher  amount  of  discounts  and  incentives  than  we  have  historically,  which  would  adversely 
impact our operating results. Our Resorts also serve as a destination for international guests. To the extent there are material 
changes in exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar or travel restrictions in place due to inflation, geopolitical conflicts, health 
pandemics or other factors, it could impact the volume of international visitation, which could have a significant impact on our 
operating results.

We may be adversely impacted by the effects of high or prolonged inflation and rising interest rates. 

Inflation increases the cost of goods we purchase and services we buy, the cost of capital projects and wages and benefits for 
our  workforce.  Although  we  may  take  measures  to  mitigate  the  impact  of  inflation  through  pricing  actions  or  cost  reduction 
measures, if we are not able to offset inflationary costs, our results of operations will be negatively impacted and possibly in a 
material manner. As a result, the impact of high and prolonged inflation could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial  condition,  or  results  of  operations.  Inflationary  pressures  also  increase  the  cost  of  living  and  cost  of  travel,  which 
decreases consumers’ disposable income and could impact our guests’ discretionary spending habits or willingness to visit our 
Resorts, which could reduce customer demand for the products and services that we offer and negatively impact our financial 
condition  or  our  results  of  operations.  In  addition,  the  existence  of  inflation  in  certain  economies  has  resulted  in,  and  may 
continue to result in, rising interest rates. Our business could be adversely impacted by increases in the cost of borrowing from 
rising interest rates. Rising interest rates increase the borrowing costs on new debt, including debt we may refinance, and could 
affect the fair value of our investments.

Our Epic Coverage program may require us to provide significant refunds to our pass product holders, which would 
result in reduced revenue and also exposes us to the risk of customer complaints and negative perception about our pass 
products.

Epic Coverage is included with the purchase of all pass products for no additional charge. Epic Coverage offers refunds to pass 
product holders if certain qualifying personal or Resort closure events occur before or during the ski season, subject to express 
terms and conditions. Accordingly, to the extent that a significant volume of qualifying events occur during the ski season, we 
could  be  required  to  provide  a  significant  amount  of  refunds  to  our  pass  product  holders,  subject  to  express  terms  and 
conditions, which could have a material negative impact on our financial performance and condition.

The  estimated  amount  of  refunds  reduce  the  amount  of  pass  product  revenue  recognized  by  the  Company.  To  estimate  the 
amount of refunds under Epic Coverage, the Company considers historical claims data for personal events and the Company’s 
operating plans for its Resorts. The Company believes the estimates of refunds are reasonable; however, the program is subject 
to  a  number  of  variables  and  uncertainties,  and  therefore  actual  results  could  vary  materially  from  such  estimates,  and  the 
Company could be required to refund significantly higher amounts than estimated.

Epic Coverage has also resulted in customer complaints and negative perception by customers who believe they are entitled to a 
refund  for  events  that  do  not  qualify  under  the  express  terms  and  conditions  of  the  program.  Any  complaints  posted  by 
customers  on  social  media  platforms,  even  if  inaccurate,  may  harm  our  reputation,  and  may  divert  management’s  time  and 
attention away from other business matters.

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We are vulnerable to unfavorable weather conditions and the impact of natural disasters. 

Our ability to attract guests to our Resorts is partly influenced by weather conditions and by the amount and timing of snowfall 
during  the  ski  season.  Unfavorable  weather  conditions  can  adversely  affect  skier  visits  and  our  revenue  and  profits. 
Unseasonably warm weather may result in inadequate natural snowfall and reduce skiable terrain, which increases the cost of 
snowmaking and could render snowmaking, wholly or partially, ineffective in maintaining quality skiing conditions, including 
in areas which are not accessible by snowmaking equipment. On the other hand, excessive natural snowfall may significantly 
increase the costs incurred to groom trails and may make it difficult for guests to access our Resorts.

Additionally,  there  is  scientific  research  that  emissions  of  greenhouse  gases  continue  to  alter  the  composition  of  the  global 
atmosphere in ways that are affecting and are expected to continue affecting the global climate. The effect of climate change, 
including  any  impact  of  global  warming,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations  as  a  result  of 
decreased snowfall, increased weather variability and/or warmer overall temperatures, which could adversely affect skier visits 
and our revenue and profits. Revenues and profits generated from mountain summer activities/sightseeing and golf peak season 
operations are not nearly sufficient to off-set off-season losses from our other mountain and lodging operations. This impact 
could be exacerbated by climate change.

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  Resorts  will  receive  seasonal  snowfalls  near  their  historical  averages.  As  an  example  of 
weather  variability,  throughout  the  2022/2023  North  American  ski  season,  unseasonably  warm  and  extreme  cold  weather 
disrupted  operating  days,  impacted  demand  and  increased  operating  costs  at  our  eastern  U.S.  Resorts,  and  significant 
snowstorms impacted resort access and our ability to fully open our Resorts in the Tahoe region at certain times. Past snowfall 
levels or consistency of snow conditions can impact sales of pass products or other advanced bookings. Additionally, the early 
season snow conditions and skier perceptions of early season snow conditions can influence the momentum and success of the 
overall  ski  season.  Unfavorable  weather  conditions  can  adversely  affect  our  Resorts  and  lodging  properties  as  guests  tend  to 
delay or postpone vacations if conditions differ from those that are typical at such Resorts for a given season. Although we have 
created  geographic  diversification  to  help  mitigate  the  impact  of  weather  variability,  there  is  no  way  for  us  to  predict  future 
weather patterns or the impact that weather patterns may have on our results of operations or visitation.

A severe natural disaster, such as a forest fire, may interrupt our operations, damage our properties, reduce the number of guests 
who visit our Resorts in affected areas and negatively impact our revenue and profitability. Damage to our properties could take 
a long time to repair and there is no guarantee that we would have adequate insurance to cover the costs of repair and recoup 
lost profits. Furthermore, such a disaster may interrupt or impede access to our affected properties or require evacuations and 
may cause visits to our affected properties to decrease for an indefinite period. The ability to attract visitors to our Resorts is 
also influenced by the aesthetics and natural beauty of the outdoor environment where our Resorts are located. A severe forest 
fire or other severe impacts from naturally occurring events could negatively impact the natural beauty of our Resorts and have 
a long-term negative impact on our overall guest visitation as it could take several years for the environment to recover.

Leisure travel is particularly susceptible to various factors outside of our control, including terrorism, the uncertainty of 
military  and  geopolitical  conflicts,  the  cost  and  availability  of  travel  options  and  changing  consumer  preferences  or 
willingness to travel. 

Our business is sensitive to the willingness of our guests to travel. Adverse economic conditions, pandemics, acts of terrorism, 
political events and developments in military and geopolitical conflicts in areas of the world from which we draw our guests 
could depress the public’s propensity to travel and cause severe disruptions in both domestic and international air travel and 
consumer discretionary spending, which could reduce the number of visitors to our Resorts and have an adverse effect on our 
results  of  operations.  Many  of  our  guests  travel  by  air  and  the  impact  of  higher  prices  for  commercial  airline  services, 
availability of air services and willingness of guests to travel by air could cause a decrease in visitation by Destination guests to 
our Resorts. Visitation may also decrease if widespread airline or airport disruptions or flight cancellations occur. A significant 
portion of our guests also travel by vehicle and higher gasoline prices or willingness of guests to travel generally due to safety 
or traffic concerns could cause a decrease in visitation by guests who would typically drive to our Resorts. Higher cost of travel 
may also affect the amount that guests are willing to spend at our Resorts and could negatively impact our revenue particularly 
for  lodging,  ski  school,  dining  and  retail/rental.  In  addition,  economic  volatility  and  uncertainty,  supply  chain  disruptions, 
increased fuel prices and increases to cost of travel (as a result of geopolitical factors or otherwise) may adversely affect our 
business and results of operations.

Additionally, our success depends on our ability to attract visitors to our Resorts. Changes in consumer tastes and preferences, 
particularly those affecting the popularity of skiing and snowboarding, and other social and demographic trends could adversely 

23

affect the number of skier visits during a ski season. A significant decline in skier visits compared to historical levels would 
have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Pandemics  and  public  health  emergencies  could  materially  disrupt  our  business  and  negatively  impact  our  results  of 
operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Pandemics and public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may impact our results of operations, cash flows 
and financial condition in ways that are uncertain, unpredictable and outside of our control. The extent of the impact of such an 
event depends on the severity and duration of the public health emergency or pandemic, as well as the nature and duration of 
federal, state and local laws, orders, rules, emergency temporary standards, regulations and mandates, together with protocols 
and contractual requirements implemented by our customers, that may be enacted or newly enforced in response. Additionally, 
our ability to provide our services during such an event may be dependent on the governmental or societal responses to these 
circumstances in the markets in which we operate. A pandemic or public health emergency is likely to heighten and exacerbate 
the risks described herein. We experienced many of these risks in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. Any resurgence of 
infection rates or the spread of new variants or viruses could adversely affect our revenue, results of operations and cash flows.

Cyberattacks or other interruptions to or disruption of our information technology systems and services could disrupt 
our business. 

Our  business  relies  on  the  continuous  operation  of  information  technology  systems  and  services.  Despite  our  efforts,  our 
information networks and systems are vulnerable to service interruptions or to security breaches from inadvertent or intentional 
actions by our employees or vendors, natural disasters, system or equipment malfunctions, power outages, computer viruses or 
intentional attacks by malicious third parties, which could persist undetected for an extended period of time. Any interruption to 
these systems and services could adversely impact our business, including lost revenue, customer claims, damage to reputation, 
litigation, and/or denial or interruption to our processing of transactions and/or the services we provide to customers. We also 
provide information to third party service providers and rely on third party service providers for the provision of information 
technology services. There is a risk that the information held by third parties could be disclosed, otherwise compromised, or 
disrupted. We carry insurance for many of these adverse events, including cyber security insurance, but our insurance coverage 
may not always be sufficient to meet all of our liabilities or our losses.

There has been a rise in the number of sophisticated cyberattacks on network and information systems, including ransomware 
attacks that prevent the target from accessing its own data and/or systems until a ransom is paid. As a result, the risks associated 
with  such  an  event  continue  to  increase.  We  have  experienced  cybersecurity  threats  and  incidents,  none  of  which  have  been 
material. We have taken, and continue to take, steps to address these concerns by implementing security and internal controls. 
However,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  a  system  interruption,  security  breach  or  unauthorized  access  will  not  occur.  Cyber 
threats  and  attacks  are  constantly  evolving  and  becoming  more  sophisticated,  which  increases  the  difficulty  and  cost  of 
detecting  and  defending  against  them.  Cyber  threats  and  attacks  can  have  cascading  impacts  across  networks,  systems  and 
operations. Any such interruption, breach or unauthorized access to our network or systems, or the networks or systems of our 
vendors, could adversely affect our business operations and result in the loss of critical or sensitive confidential information or 
intellectual property, as well as impact our ability to meet regulatory or compliance obligations, and could result in financial, 
legal, business and reputational harm to us. These events also could result in large expenditures to repair or replace the damaged 
properties, products, services, networks or information systems to protect them from similar events in the future.

Failure  to  maintain  the  integrity  and  security  of  our  internal,  employee  or  guest  data  could  result  in  damages  to  our 
reputation and subject us to costs, fines or lawsuits. 

Our business relies on the use of large volumes of data. We collect and retain guest data, including credit card numbers and 
other  sensitive  personal  information,  for  various  business  purposes,  such  as  processing  transactions,  marketing  and  other 
promotional purposes. We also maintain personal information about our employees. We could make faulty decisions if data is 
inaccurate or incomplete. Maintaining the integrity and security of data can be costly and is critical to our business, and our 
guests and employees have a high expectation that we will adequately protect their personal information. A significant theft, 
loss,  loss  of  access  to,  or  fraudulent  use  of  customer,  employee,  or  company  data  held  by  us  or  our  service  providers  could 
adversely impact our reputation, and could result in significant remedial and other expenses, fines, and/or litigation.

Our business is highly seasonal. 

Our  mountain  and  lodging  operations  are  highly  seasonal  in  nature.  Peak  operating  season  for  our  North  American  and 
European Resorts is from mid-December to mid-April, and accordingly, revenue and profits from our mountain and most of our 
lodging  operations  are  substantially  lower  and  historically  result  in  losses  from  late  spring  to  late  fall.  Conversely,  peak 
operating  seasons  for  our  Australian  Resorts,  GTLC  and  Flagg  Ranch,  mountain  summer  activities  (including  our  Epic 
Discovery program), sightseeing and our golf courses generally occur from June to the end of September. Revenue and profits 

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generated  by  our  Australian  Resorts,  GTLC  and  Flagg  Ranch,  mountain  summer  activities/sightseeing  and  golf  peak  season 
operations are not nearly sufficient to fully offset our off-season losses from our other mountain and lodging operations. For 
Fiscal 2023, approximately 81% of total combined Mountain and Lodging segment net revenue (excluding Lodging segment 
revenue  associated  with  reimbursement  of  payroll  costs)  was  earned  during  our  second  and  third  fiscal  quarters.  This 
seasonality is partially mitigated by the sale of pass products (which for Fiscal 2023 accounted for approximately 61% of the 
total lift revenue) predominately occurring during the period prior to the start of the ski season as the cash from those sales is 
collected in advance and revenue is primarily recognized in the second and third fiscal quarters. In addition, the timing of major 
holidays  and  school  breaks  can  impact  vacation  patterns  and  therefore  visitation  at  our  destination  mountain  Resorts  and 
regional ski areas. If we were to experience an adverse event or realize a significant deterioration in our operating results during 
our  peak  periods  (our  fiscal  second  and  third  quarters)  we  would  be  unable  to  fully  recover  any  significant  declines  in  such 
fiscal year due to the seasonality of our business. Operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results 
that may be achieved for any subsequent quarter or for a full fiscal year (see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

We face significant competition. 

The ski resort and lodging industries are highly competitive. There are approximately 760 ski areas in North America, including 
approximately  480  in  the  U.S.  that  serve  local  and  destination  guests,  and  these  ski  areas  can  be  more  or  less  impacted  by 
weather conditions based on their location and snowmaking capabilities. The factors that we believe are important to customers 
include:

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

proximity to population centers;
availability and cost of transportation to ski areas;
availability and quality of lodging options and other amenities in resort areas;
ease of travel to ski areas (including direct flights by major airlines);
pricing of lift tickets and/or pass products;
the magnitude, quality and price of related ancillary services (ski school, dining and retail/rental);
quality of snowmaking;
type and quality of skiing and snowboarding offered;
duration of the ski season;
weather conditions; and
reputation.

There  are  many  competing  options  for  our  guests,  including  other  major  resorts  in  Colorado,  Utah,  California,  Nevada,  the 
Pacific  Northwest,  Northeast  and  Southwest  United  States,  and  British  Columbia,  Canada,  Australia,  Switzerland,  and  other 
major  destination  ski  areas  worldwide.  Our  guests  can  choose  from  any  of  these  alternatives,  as  well  as  non-skiing  vacation 
options and destinations around the world. In addition, other forms of leisure such as sporting events and participation in other 
competing indoor and outdoor recreational activities are available to potential guests.

Our  retail/rental  business  competes  with  numerous  other  national,  regional,  local  and  online  retail  and  rental  businesses. 
RockResorts hotels, our other hotels and our property management business compete with numerous other hotel and property 
management companies. Each of these competing businesses may have greater financial resources than we do and they may be 
able to adapt more quickly to changes in customer requirements or devote greater resources to promotion of their offerings than 
us. Additionally these competing businesses may offer locations, pricing or other factors that appeal to potential customers.

The high fixed cost structure of mountain resort operations can result in significantly lower margins if revenues decline. 

The cost structure of our mountain Resort operations has a significant fixed component with variable expenses including, but 
not limited to, land use permit or lease fees and other resort related fees, credit card fees, retail/rental cost of sales, labor, and 
resort,  dining  and  ski  school  operations.  Any  material  declines  in  the  economy,  elevated  geopolitical  uncertainties  and/or 
significant changes in historical snowfall patterns, as well as other risk factors discussed herein, could adversely affect revenue. 
As such, our margins, profits and cash flows may be materially reduced due to declines in revenue given our relatively high 
fixed cost structure. In addition, inflation has accelerated in the U.S. and globally due in part to global supply chain issues, the 
Ukraine-Russia war, a rise in energy prices and strong consumer demand. Increases in expenses as a result of this inflationary 
environment  and  other  economic  factors  may  adversely  impact  wages  and  other  labor  costs,  energy,  healthcare,  insurance, 
transportation and fuel, cost of goods, property taxes, minimum lease payments and other expenses and operating costs included 
in our fixed cost structure, which may also reduce our margin, profits and cash flows.

25

We may not be able to fund resort capital expenditures. 

We  regularly  expend  capital  to  construct,  maintain  and  renovate  our  mountain  Resorts  and  properties  in  order  to  remain 
competitive, maintain the value and brand standards of our mountain Resorts and properties and comply with applicable laws 
and  regulations.  We  cannot  always  predict  where  capital  will  need  to  be  expended  in  a  given  fiscal  year  and  capital 
expenditures can increase due to circumstances beyond our control. We currently anticipate that we will spend approximately 
$204 million to $209 million on capital projects in calendar year 2023.

Our ability to fund capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations and/or to 
borrow from third parties in the debt market or raise additional capital in the equity market. We cannot provide assurances that 
our operations will be able to generate sufficient cash flow to fund such capital expenditures, or that we will be able to obtain 
sufficient  capital  from  other  sources  on  adequate  terms,  or  at  all,  especially  considering  rising  interest  rates.  Our  ability  to 
generate cash flow and to obtain third-party financing will depend upon many factors, including:

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our future operating performance; 
general  economic  conditions,  including  interest  rates,  and  economic  conditions  affecting  the  resort  industry,  the  ski 
industry and the capital markets; 
competition; and
legislative and regulatory matters affecting our operations and business;

Any  inability  to  generate  sufficient  cash  flows  from  operations  or  to  obtain  adequate  third-party  financing  could  cause  us  to 
delay or abandon certain projects and/or plans.

A disruption in our water supply would impact our snowmaking capabilities and operations. 

Our operations are heavily dependent upon our access to adequate supplies of water for snowmaking and to otherwise conduct 
our operations. Our mountain Resorts are subject to federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to water 
rights. Changes in these laws and regulations may adversely affect our operations. In addition, a severe and prolonged drought 
may adversely affect our water supply and increase the cost of snowmaking. A significant change in law or policy, impact from 
climate change or any other interference with our access to adequate supplies of water to support our current operations or an 
expansion  of  our  operations  would  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  prospects,  financial  position,  results  of 
operations and cash flows.

We rely on various government permits and landlord approvals at our U.S. resorts. 

Our U.S. Resort operations require permits and approvals from certain federal, state and local authorities, including the Forest 
Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the States of Vermont, New Hampshire and Pennsylvania and the NPS. Virtually all of 
our ski trails and related activities, including our summer activities, at Vail Mountain, Breckenridge, Keystone, Crested Butte, 
Stevens Pass, Heavenly, Kirkwood, Mount Snow, Wildcat, a majority of Beaver Creek and portions of Attitash are located on 
National  Forest  land.  The  Forest  Service  has  granted  us  permits  to  use  these  lands,  but  maintains  the  right  to  review  and 
approve  many  operational  matters,  as  well  as  the  location,  design  and  construction  of  improvements  in  these  areas.  The 
expiration  dates  for  our  permits  are  set  forth  in  the  Business  section  of  this  Form  10-K  under  the  heading  “Contracts  with 
Governmental Authorities for Resort Operations”.

The Forest Service can terminate or amend these permits if, in its opinion, such termination is required in the public interest. A 
termination or amendment of any of our permits could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operations. In order 
to  undertake  improvements  and  new  development,  we  must  apply  for  permits  and  other  approvals.  These  efforts,  if 
unsuccessful, could impact our expansion efforts. Furthermore, Congress may materially increase the fees we pay to the Forest 
Service for use of these National Forest lands. 

Stowe and Okemo are partially located on land we lease from the State of Vermont, Mount Sunapee is located on land we lease 
from  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  and  Laurel  Mountain  is  located  on  land  we  lease  from  the  State  of  Pennsylvania.  We  are 
required to seek approval from such states for certain developments and improvements made to the resort. Certain other resorts 
are operated on land under long-term leases with third parties. For example, operations at our Northstar, Park City and Mad 
River Mountain Resorts are conducted pursuant to long-term leases with third parties who require us to operate the Resorts in 
accordance with the terms of the leases and seek certain approvals from the respective landlords for improvements made to the 
Resorts. The initial lease term for Northstar with affiliates of EPR Properties expires in January 2027 and allows for three 10-
year  renewal  options.  We  entered  into  a  transaction  agreement,  master  lease  agreement  and  ancillary  transaction  documents 
with affiliate companies of Talisker Corporation (“Talisker”), and the initial lease term for our Park City resort with Talisker 
expires in May 2063. Following the initial lease term expiration, we have six 50-year renewal options. Additionally, GTLC and 

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Flagg Ranch operate under concession agreements with the NPS that expire on December 31, 2023 (which we currently expect 
will be extended in the fall of 2023 for an additional year through December 31, 2024 due to the time needed for solicitation, 
preparation, review and award of a new contract) and October 31, 2028, respectively. There is no guarantee that at the end of 
the lease/license or agreements under which we operate our Resorts we will renew or, if desired, be able to negotiate new terms 
that are favorable to us. Additionally, our Resorts that operate on privately-owned land are subject to local land use regulation 
and oversight by county and/or town governments, and we may not be able to obtain the requisite approvals needed for resort 
improvements or expansions. Failure to comply with the provisions, obligations and terms (including renewal requirements and 
deadlines) of our material permits and leases could adversely impact our operating results.

We rely on foreign government leases and landlord approvals, and are subject to certain related laws and regulations, at 
our international resorts. 

Our international Resort operations require permits and approvals from certain foreign authorities, including the (i) Province of 
British  Columbia,  (ii)  the  New  South  Wales  and  Victoria,  Australia  governments  and  (iii)  the  DDPS,  the  municipality  of 
Tujetsch and the FOT in Switzerland. Our operations at Whistler Blackcomb are located on Crown Land within the traditional 
territory  of  the  Squamish  and  Lil’wat  Nations,  and  the  operations  and  future  development  of  both  Whistler  Mountain  and 
Blackcomb Mountain are governed by Master Development Agreements, which expire on February 23, 2077. We have a lease 
and  a  license  for  Perisher  within  the  Kosciusko  National  Park  which  expires  in  June  2048,  with  an  option  to  renew  for  an 
additional  period  of  20  years.  Perisher  relies  on  a  suite  of  planning  approvals  (and  existing  use  rights)  granted  under  the 
Australian  EPA  Act  to  operate  the  resort.  Strategic  planning  documents  have  been  adopted  to  provide  a  framework  for  the 
assessment  and  approval  of  future  development  at  the  resort.  Perisher  also  holds  a  number  of  environmental  approvals  to 
regulate  its  operations,  including  an  environment  protection  license  and  a  suite  of  dangerous  goods  licenses  related  to  the 
storage of diesel, heating oil and propane in storage tanks across the resort. Each of Falls Creek and a majority of Hotham is 
located in the Alpine National Park in Victoria, Australia that is permanently reserved under the Crown Land Act and subject to 
the ARM Act. The ARM Act established the Falls Creek RMB and the Hotham RMB, which is responsible for the management 
and collection of fees from Falls Creek and Hotham, respectively, and the ARM Regulations give each of the Falls Creek RMB 
and the Hotham RMB certain discretion over the operations of Falls Creek and Hotham, respectively, including the authority to 
(i) declare the snow season, (ii) temporarily close the applicable resort if entry would be a significant danger to public safety 
and (iii) determine which portions of the applicable resort are open to the public and the activities that are permitted on those 
portions of such resort. Portions of our operations at Andermatt-Sedrun are located on land owned by (i) the DDPS and subject 
to two leasehold agreements with ASA, each with a term of 50 years expiring on April 10, 2067 and March 13, 2068; and (ii) 
the municipality of Tujetsch by means of a personal easement agreement which expires on October 12, 2032 with an option to 
apply for renewal. We also hold a passenger transport concessions from the FOT, for a total of 12 cableway installations by 
means of a plan approval dated May 3, 2014. Each passenger transport concession has a separate expiration date between 2026 
and 2042, and we will then be able to apply for an extension or new concession. There is no guarantee that at the end of the 
initial lease/license or agreements under which we operate our Resorts we will renew or, if desired, be able to negotiate new 
terms that are favorable to us. Failure to comply with the provisions, obligations and terms (including renewal requirements and 
deadlines) of our material permits and leases could adversely impact our operating results.

We  are  subject  to  extensive  environmental  and  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business. 

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations including those 
relating to air emissions, discharges to water, storage, treatment and disposal of wastes and other liquids, land use, remediation 
of contaminated sites, protection of natural resources such as wetlands and sustainable visitor or tourist use and enjoyment. For 
example, future expansions of certain of our mountain facilities must comply with applicable forest plans approved under the 
National  Forest  Management  Act,  federal,  state  and  foreign  wildlife  protection  laws  or  local  zoning  requirements,  and  in 
Vermont,  our  operations  must  comply  with  Act  250,  which  regulates  the  impacts  of  development  to,  among  other  things, 
waterways, air, wildlife and earth resources, and any projects must be completed pursuant to a Master Plan. In addition, most 
projects to improve, upgrade or expand our ski areas are subject to environmental review under the NEPA, FRPA, Act 250, the 
CEQA, the Australian NPW Act, the Australian EPA Act or the Australian EP Act, as applicable. Our ski area improvement 
proposals  may  not  be  approved  or  may  be  approved  with  modifications  that  substantially  increase  the  cost  or  decrease  the 
desirability  of  implementing  the  project.  From  time  to  time  our  operations  are  subject  to  inspections  by  environmental 
regulators or other regulatory agencies. We are also subject to worker health and safety requirements as well as various state 
and  local  public  health  laws,  rules,  regulations  and  orders.  We  believe  our  operations  are  in  substantial  compliance  with 
applicable material environmental, health and safety requirements. However, our efforts to comply do not eliminate the risk that 
we may be held liable, incur fines or be subject to claims for damages, and that the amount of any liability, fines, damages or 
remediation costs may be material for, among other things, the presence or release of regulated materials at, on or emanating 
from properties we now or formerly owned or operated, newly discovered environmental impacts or contamination at or from 
any of our properties, or changes in environmental laws and regulations or their enforcement.

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Changes in security and privacy laws and regulations could increase our operating costs, increase our exposure to fines 
and litigation, and adversely affect our ability to market our products, properties and services effectively. 

The information, security and privacy requirements imposed by applicable laws and governmental regulation and the payment 
card industry are increasingly demanding in the U.S. and other jurisdictions where we operate. Maintaining compliance with 
applicable security and privacy regulations may increase our operating costs or our exposure to potential fines and litigation in 
connection with the enforcement of such regulations, particularly in light of the launch of our new My Epic App, or otherwise 
impact our ability to market our products, properties and services to our guests. In addition, any failure to maintain compliance 
with  such  regulations  may  cause  us  to  incur  significant  penalties  and  generate  negative  publicity,  require  us  to  change  our 
business  practices,  increase  our  costs  and  adversely  affect  our  business.  Any  future  changes  or  restrictions  in  U.S.  or 
international  privacy  laws  could  also  adversely  affect  our  operations,  including  our  ability  to  transfer  guest  data.  Changes  in 
U.S. or international law affecting marketing, solicitation or privacy, could adversely affect our marketing activities and force 
changes in our marketing strategy or increase the costs of marketing. If access to lists of potential customers from travel service 
providers or other companies with whom we have relationships was prohibited or otherwise restricted, our ability to develop 
new customers and introduce them to our products could be impaired.

We rely on information technology to operate our businesses and maintain our competitiveness, and any failure to adapt 
to technological developments or industry trends could harm our business or competitive position. 

We depend on the use of sophisticated information technology and systems for central reservations, point of sale, marketing, 
customer  relationship  management  and  communication,  procurement,  maintaining  the  privacy  of  guest  and  employee  data, 
administration and technologies we make available to our guests. We must continuously improve and upgrade our systems and 
infrastructure to offer enhanced products, services, features and functionality, while maintaining the reliability and integrity of 
our systems, network security and infrastructure. Particularly in light of the launch of our new My Epic App, we may not be 
able to maintain our existing systems or replace or introduce new technologies and systems as quickly as we would like or in a 
cost-effective manner, which may keep us from achieving the desired results in a timely manner, to the extent anticipated, or at 
all.  Also,  we  may  be  unable  to  devote  adequate  financial  resources  to  new  technologies  and  systems  in  the  future.  If  any  of 
these events occur, our business and financial performance could suffer.

We may not be able to hire, train, reward and retain adequate team members and determine and maintain adequate 
staffing,  including  our  seasonal  workforce,  which  may  impact  labor  costs  and  our  ability  to  achieve  our  operating, 
growth and financial objectives.

Our long-term growth and profitability depend partially on our ability to recruit and retain high-quality employees to work in 
and  manage  our  Resorts.  Adequate  staffing  and  retention  of  qualified  employees  is  a  critical  factor  affecting  our  guests’ 
experiences  in  our  Resorts.  In  addition,  our  mountain  and  lodging  operations  are  highly  dependent  on  a  large  seasonal 
workforce. Maintaining adequate staffing is complicated and unpredictable. The market for the most qualified talent continues 
to be highly competitive and we must provide competitive wages, benefits and workplace conditions to attract and retain the 
most qualified employees, particularly during a time when we have seen significant wage inflation in the market for employees. 
In addition, in many communities, the supply of resort-area housing is constrained due to market conditions, making it difficult 
for our employees to obtain available, affordable housing. Further, zoning regulations, protracted approval processes and local 
anti-development sentiment can prevent or substantially delay new housing projects that we or other parties may pursue to meet 
the demand for new affordable housing stock.

Changes in immigration laws could also impact our workforce because we typically recruit and hire foreign nationals as part of 
our seasonal workforce. A shortage of international workers, failure to adequately recruit and retain new domestic employees, 
higher than expected attrition levels, or increased wages all could affect our ability to open and operate parts of our Resorts, 
deliver guest service at traditional margins or achieve our labor cost objectives.

We  are  also  subject  to  various  federal,  state  and  foreign  laws  governing  matters  such  as  minimum  wage  requirements,  sick 
leave pay, overtime compensation and other working conditions, work authorization requirements, discrimination and family 
and  medical  leave.  Cost  of  labor  and  labor-related  benefits  are  primary  components  in  the  cost  of  our  operations.  Labor 
shortages,  affordable  employee  housing  shortages,  increased  employee  turnover  and  health  care  mandates  can  increase  our 
labor  costs.  We  are  subject  to  mandated  minimum  wage  rates  and  we  also  experience  market-driven  pressures  to  pay  wages 
even  higher  than  mandated  minimum  wages.  This  can  result  in  increases  not  only  to  the  wages  of  our  minimum  wage 
employees but also to the wages paid to employees at wage rates that are above the minimum wage. During Fiscal 2023, we 
increased our minimum wage for North American employees to $20 per hour and announced a substantial investment in our 
human  resource  department  to  support  more  normalized  staffing  and  operations  at  our  Resorts.  From  time  to  time,  we  have 
experienced non-union employees attempting to unionize. While only a very small portion of our employees are unionized at 

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present, we may experience additional union activity in the future, which could lead to disruptions in our business, increases in 
our  operating  costs  and/or  constraints  on  our  operating  flexibility.  These  potential  labor  impacts  could  adversely  impact  our 
results of operations. For additional details, see “Business—Human Capital Management.”

We have recently acquired Andermatt-Sedrun, which was not subject to rules and regulations promulgated under the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended ("Sarbanes-Oxley"), and may therefore lack the internal controls that would 
be  required  of  a  U.S.  public  company,  which  could  ultimately  affect  our  ability  to  ensure  compliance  with  the 
requirements of Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley. 

We have recently acquired Andermatt-Sedrun, which was not previously subject to the rules and regulations promulgated under 
Sarbanes-Oxley  and  accordingly  was  not  required  to  establish  and  maintain  an  internal  control  infrastructure  meeting  the 
standards  promulgated  under  Sarbanes-Oxley.  Our  assessment  of  and  conclusion  on  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control 
over  financial  reporting  as  of  July  31,  2023  did  not  include  certain  elements  of  the  internal  controls  of  Andermatt-Sedrun, 
which was acquired on August 3, 2022.

Although  our  management  will  continue  to  review  and  evaluate  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  controls  in  light  of  this 
acquisition,  we  cannot  provide  any  assurances  that  there  will  be  no  significant  deficiencies  or  material  weaknesses  in  our 
internal control over financial reporting. Any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the internal control structure of 
our  acquired  businesses  may  cause  significant  deficiencies  or  material  weaknesses  in  our  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and our ability to comply with Section 404 of Sarbanes-
Oxley.

Our business depends on the quality and reputation of our brands, and any deterioration in the quality or reputation of 
these brands, including as a result of misappropriation of our intellectual property or the risk of accidents occurring at 
our mountain resorts or competing mountain resorts, may reduce visitation and negatively impact our operations.

A  negative  public  image  or  other  adverse  events  could  affect  the  reputation  of  one  or  more  of  our  mountain  Resorts,  other 
destination resorts, hotel properties and other businesses or more generally impact the reputation of our brands. Any resulting 
harm on our business may be immediate without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction. Our ability to attract and 
retain guests depends, in part, upon the external perceptions of the Company, the quality and safety of our Resorts, services and 
activities,  including  summer  activities,  and  our  corporate  and  management  integrity.  While  we  maintain  and  promote  an  on-
mountain safety program, there are inherent risks associated with our Resort activities. From time to time in the past, accidents 
and other injuries have occurred on Resort property. An accident or an injury at any of our Resorts or at resorts operated by 
competitors, particularly an accident or injury involving the safety of guests and employees that receives media attention, could 
negatively  impact  our  brand  or  reputation,  cause  loss  of  consumer  confidence  in  us,  reduce  visitation  at  our  Resorts,  and 
negatively impact our results of operations. 

The  considerable  expansion  in  the  use  of  social  media  over  recent  years  has  compounded  the  impact  of  negative  publicity. 
Information posted on social media platforms at any time may be adverse to our interests or may be inaccurate, each of which 
may harm our reputation or business. If the reputation or perceived quality of our brands declines, our market share, reputation, 
business,  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations  could  be  adversely  impacted.  Additionally,  our  intellectual  property, 
including  our  trademarks,  domain  names  and  other  proprietary  rights,  constitutes  a  significant  part  of  our  value.  Any 
misappropriation, infringement or violation of our intellectual property rights could also diminish the value of our brands and 
their market acceptance, competitive advantages or goodwill, which could adversely affect our business.

Increased scrutiny and changing expectations from investors, consumers, employees, regulators, and others regarding 
our  environmental,  social  and  governance  practices  and  reporting  could  cause  us  to  incur  additional  costs,  devote 
additional  resources  and  expose  us  to  additional  risks,  which  could  adversely  impact  our  reputation,  customer 
attraction, access to capital and employee recruitment and retention. 

Companies across all industries are facing increasing scrutiny related to their environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) 
practices and reporting. Investors, consumers, employees and other stakeholders have focused increasingly on ESG practices 
and have placed increasing importance on the implications and social cost of their investments, purchases and other interactions 
with companies. In 2017, we launched an ambitious Commitment to Zero pledge to have a zero net operating footprint by 2030, 
which includes commitments to (i) achieving zero net emissions, (ii) zero waste to landfill, and (iii) zero net operating impact to 
forests. Additionally, we were awarded the National Ski Area Association’s Golden Eagle Climate Change award at their 2023 
annual conference; however we may not be able to sustain such recognition for our ESG efforts. If our ESG practices do not 
meet  investor,  consumer  or  employee  expectations  related  to  our  Commitment  to  Zero  or  any  other  ESG  initiative,  which 
continue to evolve, or if we do not maintain recognition for our ESG efforts, our brand, reputation and customer retention may 
be negatively impacted. 

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Our ability to achieve any ESG objective is subject to numerous risks, many of which are outside of our control. Examples of 
such risks include:

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the evolving regulatory requirements affecting ESG practices;
the availability of suppliers that can meet sustainability, diversity and other ESG standards that we may set; and
our ability to recruit, develop and retain diverse talent in our labor markets. 

If  we  fail,  or  are  perceived  to  be  failing,  to  meet  the  standards  included  in  any  sustainability  disclosure  (including  our 
Commitment  to  Zero  pledge  included  in  our  annual  EpicPromise  Progress  Report)  or  the  expectations  of  our  various 
stakeholders,  it  could  negatively  impact  our  reputation,  customer  attraction  and  retention,  access  to  capital,  and  employee 
retention.  In  addition,  new  sustainability  rules  and  regulations  have  been  adopted  and  may  continue  to  be  introduced.  Our 
failure to comply with any applicable rules or regulations could lead to penalties and adversely impact our reputation, customer 
attraction and retention, access to capital, and employee retention.

Our acquisitions might not be successful. 

In  recent  years,  we  have  completed  numerous  acquisitions  and  may  continue  to  acquire  certain  mountain  resorts,  hotel 
properties  and  other  businesses  complementary  to  our  own,  as  well  as  developable  land  in  proximity  to  our  Resorts. 
Acquisitions are complex to evaluate, execute and integrate. We cannot ensure that we will be able to accurately evaluate or 
successfully  integrate  and  manage  acquired  mountain  resorts,  properties  and  businesses  and  increase  our  profits  from  these 
operations. We continually evaluate potential acquisitions both domestically and internationally and intend to actively pursue 
acquisition opportunities, some of which could be significant. As a result, we face various risks from acquisitions, including our 
recent acquisitions of the Seven Springs Resorts and Andermatt-Sedrun, some of which include:

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our evaluation of the synergies and/or long-term benefits of an acquired business;
our inability to integrate acquired businesses into our operations as planned;
diversion of our management’s attention;
increased expenditures (including legal, accounting and due diligence expenses, higher administrative costs to support 
the acquired entities, information technology, personnel and other integration expenses);
potential increased debt leverage;
potential issuance of dilutive equity securities;
litigation arising from acquisition activity; 
potential impairment of goodwill, intangible or tangible assets; 
additional risks with respect to current and potential international operations, including by unique laws, regulations and 
business practices of foreign jurisdictions; and
unanticipated problems or liabilities.

In addition, we run the risk that any new acquisitions may fail to perform in accordance with expectations, and that estimates of 
the costs of improvements and integration for such properties may prove inaccurate.

We are subject to additional risks with respect to our current and potential international operations and properties.

As  a  result  of  our  acquisitions  of  Whistler  Blackcomb  in  Canada,  Perisher,  Hotham  and  Falls  Creek  in  Australia,  and 
Andermatt-Sedrun  in  Switzerland,  and  potential  future  international  acquisitions,  we  have  and  may  continue  to  increase  our 
operations  outside  of  the  United  States.  We  are  accordingly  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  relating  to  doing  business 
internationally.  We  also  intend  to  consider  strategic  growth  opportunities  for  our  portfolio  globally  through  acquisitions  in 
attractive  international  markets  to  service  demonstrable  demand  where  we  believe  the  anticipated  risk-adjusted  returns  are 
consistent  with  our  investment  objectives.  Our  international  operations  and  properties  and  in  particular  our  newly  acquired 
European properties (following the Andermatt-Sedrun acquisition), could be affected by factors peculiar to the laws, regulations 
and business practices of those jurisdictions. These laws, regulations and business practices expose us to risks that are different 
than or in addition to those commonly found in the United States. Risks relating to our international operations and properties 
include:

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changing governmental rules and policies, including changes in land use and zoning laws;
enactment  of  laws  relating  to  international  ownership  and  laws  restricting  the  ability  to  remove  profits  earned  from 
activities within a particular country to a person’s or company’s country of origin;

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changes in laws or policies governing foreign trade or investment and use of foreign operations or workers, and any 
negative sentiments towards multinational companies as a result of any such changes to laws, regulations or policies or 
due to trends such as political populism and economic nationalism;
variations in currency exchange rates and the imposition of currency controls;
adverse  market  conditions  caused  by  terrorism,  civil  unrest,  natural  disasters,  infectious  disease  and  changes  in 
international, national or local governmental or economic conditions;
business  disruptions  arising  from  public  health  crises  and  outbreaks  of  communicable  diseases,  including  the  recent 
coronavirus outbreak;
the willingness of U.S. or international lenders to make loans in certain countries and changes in the availability, cost 
and terms of secured and unsecured debt resulting from varying governmental economic policies;
the imposition of unique tax structures and changes in tax rates and other operating expenses in particular countries, 
including the potential imposition of adverse or confiscatory taxes;
the potential imposition of restrictions on currency conversions or the transfer of funds;
general political and economic instability; 
compliance  with  international  laws  and  regulations  (including  anti-corruption  regulations,  such  as  the  U.S.  Foreign 
Corrupt Practices Act); 
data  security,  including  requirements  that  local  customer  data  be  stored  locally  and  not  transferred  to  other 
jurisdictions; and
our limited experience and expertise in foreign countries, particularly European countries, relative to our experience 
and expertise in the United States;

If any of the foregoing risks were to materialize, they could materially and adversely affect us.

Exchange rate fluctuations could result in significant foreign currency gains and losses and affect our business results. 

We  are  exposed  to  currency  translation  risk  because  the  local  currency  utilized  in  the  operations  of  Whistler  Blackcomb, 
Perisher,  Hotham,  Falls  Creek  and  Andermatt-Sedrun  are  different  than  our  functional  currency,  the  U.S.  dollar.  As  a  result, 
changes in foreign exchange rates, in particular between the Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, Swiss franc and the U.S. dollar, 
affect the amounts we record for our foreign assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could have a negative effect on our 
financial results. We currently do not enter into hedging arrangements to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. 
We expect that our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations will increase as our international operations grow 
and if we acquire additional international resorts.

We  are  subject  to  tax  laws  and  regulations  in  multiple  jurisdictions,  and  changes  to  those  laws  and  regulations  or 
interpretations thereof or adverse determinations by tax authorities may adversely affect us.

We  are  subject  to  income  and  other  taxes  in  the  United  States  and  in  multiple  foreign  jurisdictions.  Due  to  economic  and 
political  conditions,  tax  rates  in  various  jurisdictions  may  be  subject  to  significant  change.  Our  effective  tax  rates  could  be 
affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred 
tax assets and liabilities, or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. 

We are also subject to the examination of tax returns and other tax matters by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and other 
tax  authorities  and  governmental  bodies.  We  regularly  assess  the  likelihood  of  an  adverse  outcome  resulting  from  these 
examinations  to  determine  the  adequacy  of  our  provision  for  taxes.  There  can  be  no  assurance  as  to  the  outcome  of  these 
examinations. If our effective tax rates were to increase or if the ultimate determination of our taxes owed is for an amount in 
excess of amounts previously accrued, our financial condition, operating results and cash flows could be adversely affected.

Risks Relating to Ownership of our Common Stock

We  cannot  provide  assurance  that  we  will  pay  dividends,  or  if  paid,  that  dividend  payments  will  be  consistent  with 
historical levels. 

We have generally paid quarterly dividends since fiscal 2011 (with the exception of several quarters in Fiscal 2020 and Fiscal 
2021  to  maintain  short-term  liquidity  in  response  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic),  which  are  funded  through  cash  flow  from 
operations,  available  cash  on  hand  and  borrowings  under  our  Credit  Facilities.  The  declaration  of  dividends  is  subject  to  the 
discretion of our Board of Directors, and is limited by applicable state law concepts of available funds for distribution, as well 
as contractual restrictions. As a result, the amount, if any, of the dividends to be paid in the future will depend upon a number of 
factors, including our available cash on hand, anticipated cash needs, overall financial condition, restrictions contained in our 
Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Vail Holdings Credit Agreement”), any future contractual restrictions, 
future prospects for earnings and cash flows, as well as other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors. In addition, 

31

our Board of Directors may also suspend the payment of dividends at any time if it deems such action to be in the best interests 
of the Company and its stockholders. If we do not pay dividends, the price of our common stock must appreciate for investors 
to realize a gain on their investment in Vail Resorts, Inc. This appreciation may not occur and our stock may in fact depreciate 
in value. On September 27, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $2.06 per share payable on October 26, 
2023 to stockholders of record as of October 10, 2023.

Our  indebtedness  could  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  our  ability  to  operate  our  business,  to  react  to 
changes in the economy or our industry, to fulfill our obligations under our various notes, to pay our other debts, and 
could divert our cash flow from operations for debt payments. 

We have a substantial amount of debt, which requires significant interest and principal payments. As of July 31, 2023, we had 
$2.8 billion in total indebtedness outstanding. This amount includes (i) $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% 
convertible notes due 2026 (the “0.0% Convertible Notes”), (ii) $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of our unsecured 
senior notes due 2025 (the “6.25% Notes”), (iii) $1.0 billion of indebtedness pursuant to the term loan facility under the Vail 
Holdings Credit Agreement that matures in 2026, (iv) $363.4 million with respect to our obligation associated with the Canyons 
long-term lease, (v) $29.5 million with respect to our obligations associated with the Whistler Blackcomb employee housing 
leases, (vi) $114.2 million with respect to the EPR Secured Notes under the master credit and security agreements and other 
related agreements with EPT Ski Properties, Inc. and its affiliates (“EPR”), as amended (collectively, the “EPR Agreements”), 
and  (vii)  $40.4  million  with  respect  to  the  New  Regional  Policy  loan  between  Andermatt-Sedrun  and  the  Canton  of  Uri  and 
Canton of Graubünden (the “NRP Loan”). We also have a credit agreement at Whistler Blackcomb that matures in 2028 (the 
“Whistler Credit Agreement”), which had no amounts outstanding as of July 31, 2023. Collectively, the Vail Holdings Credit 
Agreement,  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement,  the  EPR  Agreements  and  the  NRP  Loan  are  referred  to  herein  as  the  “Credit 
Agreements,” and such facilities, the “Credit Facilities.” Our borrowings under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement are subject 
to interest rate changes substantially increasing our risk to changes in interest rates. Following the Fifth Amendment to the Vail 
Holdings Credit Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2022 (the “Fifth Amendment”), borrowings under the Vail Holdings Credit 
Agreement, including the term loan facility, bear interest annually at a rate of SOFR plus 1.60%. As of July 31, 2023 we also 
have, on a cumulative basis, minimum lease payment obligations under operating leases of approximately $267.3 million over 
the term of the leases. Our level of indebtedness and minimum lease payment obligations could have important consequences. 
For example, it could:

• make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our outstanding debt;
increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
•
require  us  to  dedicate  a  substantial  portion  of  our  cash  flow  from  operations  to  payments  on  our  indebtedness, 
•
including  the  annual  payments  under  the  Canyons  lease,  thereby  reducing  the  availability  of  our  cash  flow  to  fund 
dividend  payments,  working  capital,  capital  expenditures,  real  estate  developments,  marketing  efforts  and  other 
general corporate purposes;
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; 
limit our ability to borrow additional funds, refinance debt, or obtain additional financing for working capital, capital 
expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes;

•
•
•

• make it difficult for us to satisfy our obligations, including debt service requirements under our outstanding debt; and
•

cause  potential  or  existing  customers  to  not  contract  with  us  due  to  concerns  over  our  ability  to  meet  our  financial 
obligations, such as insuring against our professional liability risks, under such contracts.

Furthermore,  our  debt  under  our  Credit  Facilities  bears  interest  at  variable  rates,  which  may  be  impacted  by  potential  future 
changes in interest rates due to reference rate reform. We may be able to incur additional indebtedness in the future. The terms 
of our Credit Facilities, the 0.0% Convertible Notes and the 6.25% Notes do not fully prohibit us from doing so. If we incur 
additional debt, the related risks that we face could intensify.

Additionally, our Credit Facilities also impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions limit our 
ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to, among other things:

incur or guarantee additional debt or issue capital stock;
pay dividends and make other distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, capital stock;

•
•
• make certain investments;
•
•
• merge or consolidate;

incur certain liens;
enter into transactions with affiliates;

32

•

•
•

enter into agreements that restrict the ability of subsidiaries to make dividends, distributions or other payments to us or 
the guarantors;
designate restricted subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; and
transfer or sell assets.

The indenture governing the 6.25% Notes contains a number of significant restrictions and covenants that limit our ability to:

•
•
•

grant or permit liens;
engage in sale/leaseback transactions; and
engage in a consolidation or merger, or sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets.

In addition, the Whistler Credit Agreement contains restrictions on the ability of Whistler Mountain Resort Limited Partnership 
and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership (together “The WB Partnerships”) and their respective subsidiaries, and 
the EPR Agreements contain restrictions on the ability of Peak Resorts and its subsidiaries, to make dividends, distributions or 
other payments to us or the guarantors. We and our subsidiaries are subject to other covenants, representations and warranties in 
respect of our Credit Facilities, including financial covenants as defined in the Credit Agreements. Events beyond our control 
may affect our ability to comply with these covenants. 

The terms of any future indebtedness we may incur could include more restrictive covenants. We may not be able to maintain 
compliance with our financial covenants in the future and, if we fail to do so, we may not be able to obtain waivers from the 
lenders and/or amend the covenants. 

There can be no assurance that we will meet the financial covenants contained in our Credit Facilities, when in effect. If we 
breach any of these restrictions or covenants, or suffer a material adverse change which restricts our borrowing ability under our 
Credit Facilities, we would not be able to borrow funds thereunder without a waiver. Any inability to borrow could have an 
adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  In  addition,  a  breach,  if  uncured,  could  cause  a 
default under the applicable agreement(s) governing our indebtedness, in which case such we may be required to repay these 
borrowings before their due date. We may not have or be able to obtain sufficient funds to make these accelerated payments. If 
we  are  forced  to  refinance  these  borrowings  on  less  favorable  terms  or  cannot  refinance  these  borrowings,  our  results  of 
operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We  may  not  continue  to  repurchase  our  common  stock  pursuant  to  our  share  repurchase  program,  and  any  such 
repurchases may not enhance long-term stockholder value. Share repurchases could also increase the volatility of the 
price of our common stock and could diminish our cash reserves. 

On  March  9,  2006,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  share  repurchase  program,  authorizing  the  Company  to 
repurchase  up  to  3,000,000  Vail  Shares.  On  July  16,  2008,  December  4,  2015  and  March  7,  2023,  the  Company’s  Board  of 
Directors increased the authorization by an additional 3,000,000, 1,500,000 and 2,500,000 Vail Shares, respectively, for a total 
authorization to repurchase up to 10,000,000 Vail Shares. Since inception of this stock repurchase program through  July 31, 
2023, the Company has repurchased 8,648,302 shares at a cost of approximately $979.4 million, excluding accrued excise tax. 
As  of  July  31,  2023,  1,351,698  Vail  Shares  remained  available  to  repurchase  under  the  existing  share  repurchase  program, 
which has no expiration date. 

Although our Board of Directors has approved a share repurchase program, the share repurchase program does not obligate us 
to repurchase any specific dollar amount or to acquire any specific number of shares. The timing and amount of repurchases, if 
any, will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, our liquidity and capital resources, the trading 
price  of  our  common  stock  and  the  nature  of  other  investment  opportunities.  The  repurchase  program  may  be  limited, 
suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. In addition, repurchases of our common stock pursuant to our share 
repurchase  program  could  cause  our  stock  price  to  be  higher  than  it  would  be  in  the  absence  of  such  a  program  and  could 
potentially  reduce  the  market  liquidity  for  our  stock.  Additionally,  our  share  repurchase  program  could  reduce  our  available 
liquidity,  which  may  impact  our  ability  to  finance  future  growth  and  to  pursue  possible  future  strategic  opportunities  and 
acquisitions.  Further,  the  Internal  Revenue  Service  recently  implemented  a  nondeductible  excise  tax  equal  to  1%  of  the  fair 
market  value  of  certain  corporate  share  repurchases.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  share  repurchases  will  enhance 
stockholder value because the market price of our common stock may decline below levels at which we repurchased shares of 
stock. Although our share repurchase program is intended to enhance long-term stockholder value, there is no assurance that it 
will do so and short-term stock price fluctuations could reduce the program’s effectiveness.

33

General Risk Factors

We are subject to litigation in the ordinary course of business. 

We  are,  from  time  to  time,  subject  to  various  asserted  or  unasserted  legal  proceedings  and  claims.  Any  such  proceedings  or 
claims,  regardless  of  merit,  could  be  time  consuming  and  expensive  to  defend  and  could  divert  management’s  attention  and 
resources. While we believe we have adequate insurance coverage and/or accrue for loss contingencies for all known matters 
that are probable and can be reasonably estimated, we cannot provide any assurance that the outcome of all current or future 
litigation proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse effect on us and our results of operations.

We are subject to complex and evolving accounting regulations and use certain estimates and judgments that may differ 
significantly from actual results. 

Implementation  of  existing  and  future  legislation,  rulings,  standards  and  interpretations  from  the  Financial  Accounting 
Standards  Board  or  other  regulatory  bodies  could  affect  the  presentation  of  our  financial  statements  and  related  disclosures. 
Future regulatory requirements could significantly change our current accounting practices and disclosures. Such changes in the 
presentation of our financial statements and related disclosures could change an investor’s interpretation or perception of our 
financial position and results of operations.

We use many methods, estimates and judgments in applying our accounting policies (see “Critical Accounting Policies” in Item 
7 of this Form 10-K). Such methods, estimates and judgments are, by their nature, subject to substantial risks, uncertainties and 
assumptions, and factors may arise over time that lead us to change our methods, estimates and judgments. Changes in those 
methods, estimates and judgments could significantly affect our results of operations.

Anti-takeover provisions affecting us could prevent or delay a change of control that is beneficial to our stockholders. 

Provisions  of  our  certificate  of  incorporation  and  bylaws,  provisions  of  our  debt  instruments  and  other  agreements  and 
provisions of applicable Delaware law and applicable federal and state regulations may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or 
other change of control that holders of our securities may consider favorable. These provisions could:

•
•
•
•

delay, defer or prevent a change in control of our Company;
discourage bids for our securities at a premium over the market price;
adversely affect the market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of our securities; or
impede the ability of the holders of our securities to change our management.

For instance, provisions of the indentures governing our indebtedness stipulate that the Company must repurchase the senior 
notes at the option of their holders upon the event of a change in control of the Company. Further, a change of control would 
constitute an event of default under our credit agreements.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES. 

The following table sets forth the principal properties that we own or lease for use in our operations:

Location
Afton Alps, MN

Alpine Valley Resort, OH

Andermatt Ski Resort, Switzerland

Andermatt Ski Resort, Switzerland

Andermatt Ski Resort, Switzerland

Ownership
Owned

Owned

Owned

Leased

Easement

34

Use
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space and other improvements, and 
dining facilities

Ski resort operations, including buildings, commercial 
space, parking and other improvements, dining facilities 
and employee housing

Ski resort operations, including third party land use rights, 
and dining facilities

Location
Andermatt Ski Resort, Switzerland

Arrowhead Mountain, CO

Attitash Mountain, NH

Attitash Mountain, NH (279 acres)

BC Housing RiverEdge, CO

Bachelor Gulch Village, CO

Beaver Creek Resort, CO

Beaver Creek Mountain, CO (3,801 acres)

Beaver Creek Mountain Resort, CO

Big Boulder Mountain, PA

Boston Mills, OH

Brandywine, OH

Breckenridge Ski Resort, CO

Ownership
Concession 
contract
Owned

Use
Ski resort operations, including third party land use rights

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space

Owned

SUP

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

26% Owned

Employee housing facilities

Owned

Owned

SUP

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Golf course, clubhouse, commercial space and residential 
condominium units

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements
Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Breckenridge Mountain, CO (5,702 acres)
Breckenridge Terrace, CO

Broomfield, CO

Colter Bay Village, WY

Crested Butte Mountain Resort, CO

Crested Butte Mountain Resort, CO (4,350 acres)

Crotched Mountain, NH

Eagle-Vail, CO

Edwards, CO

SUP

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

50% Owned

Employee housing facilities

Leased

Corporate offices

Concession 
contract

Lodging and dining facilities

Owned

SUP

Owned

Owned

Leased

Buildings, other improvements and land used for 
operation of Crested Butte Mountain Resort

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Warehouse facility

Administrative offices

Falls Creek Alpine Resort, Victoria, Australia (1,112 acres)

Leased

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements

Headwaters Lodge & Cabins at Flagg Ranch, WY

Concession 
contract

Lodging and dining facilities

Heavenly Mountain Resort, CA & NV

Heavenly Mountain, CA & NV (7,050 acres)

Hidden Valley Resort, MO

Hidden Valley Resort, PA

Hotham Alpine Resort, Victoria, Australia (791 acres)

Hunter Mountain, NY

Jack Frost Ski Resort, PA

Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis Club, WY
Jackson Lake Lodge, WY

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements.

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Golf course, clubhouse, tennis and dining facilities

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

Owned

SUP

Owned

Owned

Leased

Owned

Owned

Owned

Concession 
contract

35

Location
Jenny Lake Lodge, WY

Keystone Conference Center, CO

Keystone Lodge, CO

Keystone Resort, CO

Keystone Mountain, CO (8,376 acres)

Keystone Ranch, CO

Kirkwood Mountain Resort, CA

Kirkwood Mountain, CA (2,330 acres)

Laurel Mountain, PA

Liberty Mountain Resort, PA

Mad River Mountain, OH

Mount Snow, VT

Ownership
Concession 
contract

Use
Lodging and dining facilities

Owned

Owned

Owned

SUP

Owned

Owned

SUP

Leased

Owned

Leased

Owned

Conference facility

Lodging, spa, dining and conference facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, commercial space, 
property management, dining and real estate held for sale 
or development

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Golf course, clubhouse and dining facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space 

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, clubhouse, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements.

Mount Snow, VT (894 acres)

SUP

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Mount Sunapee Resort, NH (850 acres)

Owned/Leased

Mt. Brighton, MI

Mt. Mansfield, VT (1,400 acres)

Northstar California Resort, CA (7,200 acres)

Northstar Village, CA

Okemo Mountain Resort, VT

Okemo Mountain, VT (1,223 acres)

Owned

Leased 

Leased

Leased

Owned

Leased

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements used 
for operation of Stowe Mountain Resort

Ski trails, ski lifts, golf course, commercial space, dining 
facilities, buildings and other improvements

Commercial space, ski resort operations, dining facilities, 
buildings, property management and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management 
and commercial space
Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, dining 
facilities, buildings and other improvements

Paoli Peaks, IN

Owned/Leased

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Park City Mountain, UT (8,900 acres)

Leased

Park City Mountain, UT (220 acres)

Owned

Ski resort operations including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space, dining facilities, property 
management, conference facilities and other 
improvements (including areas previously referred to as 
Canyons Resort, UT)

Ski trails, ski lifts, dining facilities, commercial space, 
buildings, real estate held for sale or development and 
other improvements 

Perisher Ski Resort, NSW, Australia (3,335 acres)

Owned/Leased/
Licensed 

Ski trails, ski lifts, dining facilities, commercial space, 
railway, buildings, lodging, conference facilities and other 
improvements

Red Cliffs Lodge, CA

Red Sky Ranch, CO

River Course at Keystone, CO

Roundtop Mountain Resort, PA

Seven Springs Resort, PA

Leased

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

36

Dining facilities, ski resort operations, commercial space, 
administrative offices

Golf courses, clubhouses, dining facilities and real estate 
held for sale or development

Golf course and clubhouse

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings, commercial space and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, dining facilities, commercial space, 
lodging, property management, conference facilities and 
other improvements

Location
Snow Creek, MO

Ownership
Owned

Use
Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

SSI Venture, LLC (“VRR”) Properties; CO, CA, NV, UT, 
MN & BC, Canada

Owned/Leased

Ski Tip Lodge, CO

Stevens Pass, WA

Stevens Pass Mountain, WA (2,443 acres)

Stevens Pass Ski Resort, WA

Stowe Mountain Resort, VT

The Arrabelle at Vail Square, CO

The Lodge at Vail, CO

The Osprey at Beaver Creek, CO

The Tarnes at Beaver Creek, CO

Tenderfoot Housing, CO

Approximately 270 rental and retail stores (of which 
approximately 105 stores are currently held under lease) 
for recreational products and 7 leased warehouses

Lodging and dining facilities

Employee housing and guest parking facilities

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements and commercial space

Lodging, spa, dining and conference facilities

Lodging, spa, dining and conference facilities

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

Owned

Owned

SUP

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

Owned

31% Owned

Employee housing facilities

50% Owned

Employee housing facilities

The Pines Lodge at Beaver Creek, CO

Vail Mountain, CO

Owned

Owned

Lodging, dining and conference facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Vail Mountain, CO (12,226 acres)

SUP

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Whistler Blackcomb Resort, BC, Canada

75% Owned

Whistler Mountain and Blackcomb Mountain, BC, Canada MDA

Whistler Blackcomb Resort, BC, Canada

Whitetail Resort, PA

Wildcat Mountain, NH (953 acres)

Wilmot Mountain, WI

Leased

Owned

SUP

Owned

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements, property management, 
commercial space and real estate held for sale or 
development

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, 
buildings and other improvements

Employee housing facilities

Ski resort operations, including ski lifts, ski trails, golf 
course, buildings, commercial space and other 
improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Ski trails, ski lifts, buildings and other improvements

Many of our properties are used across all segments in complementary and interdependent ways.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We  are  a  party  to  various  lawsuits  arising  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.  We  believe  that  we  have  adequate  insurance 
coverage  and/or  have  accrued  for  all  estimable  and  probable  loss  contingencies  for  asserted  and  unasserted  matters  and  that, 
although the ultimate outcome of such claims cannot be ascertained, current pending and threatened claims are not expected, 
individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  to  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  our  financial  position,  results  of  operations  and  cash 
flows.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

37

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Market and Stockholders 

Our  common  stock  is  traded  on  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange  (“NYSE”)  under  the  symbol  “MTN.”  As  of  September  25, 
2023, 38,149,524 shares of common stock were outstanding, held by approximately 245 holders of record.

Dividend Policy

In fiscal 2011, our Board of Directors approved the commencement of a regular quarterly cash dividend on our common stock, 
subject to quarterly declaration, which has typically been increased on an annual basis. The amount, if any, of dividends to be 
paid  in  the  future  will  depend  on  our  available  cash  on  hand,  anticipated  cash  needs,  overall  financial  condition,  restrictions 
contained in our Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Vail Holdings Credit Agreement”), future prospects for 
earnings and cash flows, as well as other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors. On September 27, 2023, our 
Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $2.06 per share payable on October 26, 2023 to stockholders of record as of 
October 10, 2023. We expect to fund the dividend with available cash on hand.

Repurchase of Equity Securities

The following table sets forth our purchases of shares of our common stock during the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2023:

Total Number of
Shares Purchased

Average Price
Paid per Share
(1)

Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs 
(2)

Maximum
Number of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs 
(2)

—  $ 
404,864  $ 
—  $ 
404,864  $ 

— 
247.00 
— 
247.00 

— 
404,864 
— 
404,864 

1,756,562 
1,351,698 
1,351,698 
1,351,698 

Period
May 1, 2023 - May 31, 2023
June 1, 2023 - June 30, 2023
July 1, 2023 - July 31, 2023
Total

(1)   Average price per share excludes any excise tax imposed on stock repurchases as part of the Inflation Reduction Act of 

2022.

(2)   The share repurchase program is conducted under authorizations made from time to time by our Board of Directors. The 
Board  of  Directors  initially  authorized  the  repurchase  of  up  to  3,000,000  Vail  Shares  (March  9,  2006),  and  later 
authorized additional repurchases of up to 3,000,000 Vail Shares (July 16, 2008), 1,500,000 Vail Shares (December 4, 
2015), and 2,500,000 Vail Shares (March 7, 2023), for a total authorization to repurchase up to 10,000,000 Vail Shares. 
From inception of this stock repurchase program through July 31, 2023, the Company has repurchased 8,648,302 shares 
at a cost of approximately $979.4 million, excluding excise tax. As of July 31, 2023, 1,351,698 shares remained available 
to  repurchase  under  the  existing  repurchase  authorization.  Repurchases  under  these  authorizations  may  be  made  from 
time  to  time  at  prevailing  prices  as  permitted  by  applicable  laws,  including  under  plans  complying  with  Rule  10b5-1 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and subject to market conditions and other factors. The timing 
as  well  as  the  number  of  Vail  Shares  that  may  be  repurchased  under  the  program  will  depend  on  several  factors, 
including our future financial performance, our available cash resources and competing uses for cash that may arise in 
the future, the restrictions in our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, prevailing prices of Vail Shares and the number of 
Vail  Shares  that  become  available  for  sale  at  prices  that  we  believe  are  attractive.  These  authorizations  have  no 
expiration date.

Performance Graph 

The total return graph below is presented for the period from the beginning of our fiscal year ended July 31, 2019 through the 
end of our fiscal year ended July 31, 2023 (“Fiscal 2023”). The comparison assumes that $100 was invested at the beginning of 
the period in our common stock (“MTN”), The Russell 2000 Stock Index, The Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the Dow 
Jones U.S. Travel and Leisure Stock Index, with dividends reinvested where applicable. We include the Dow Jones U.S. Travel 
and Leisure Index as we believe we compete in the travel and leisure industry.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  performance  graph  is  not  deemed  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (“SEC”)  and  is  not  to  be 
incorporated  by  reference  into  any  of  our  filings  under  the  Securities  Act  of  1933  or  the  Exchange  Act,  unless  such  filings 
specifically incorporate the performance graph by reference therein.

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Vail Resorts, Inc.
Russell 2000
Standard & Poor’s 500
Dow Jones U.S. Travel and Leisure

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

100.00  $ 
100.00  $ 
100.00  $ 
100.00  $ 

91.65  $ 
95.55  $ 
107.98  $ 
116.04  $ 

73.31  $ 
91.14  $ 
120.87  $ 
88.25  $ 

116.51  $ 
138.48  $ 
164.90  $ 
129.66  $ 

92.40  $ 
118.64  $ 
157.22  $ 
105.59  $ 

94.94 
127.97 
177.64 
138.95 

As of July 31,

ITEM 6.

[Reserved]

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 
OF OPERATIONS.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be 
read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes related thereto included in this Form 10-K. To the 
extent that the following MD&A contains statements which are not of a historical nature, such statements are forward-looking 
statements which involve risks and uncertainties. These risks include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Item 1A. “Risk 
Factors”  in  this  Form  10-K.  The  following  discussion  and  analysis  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  Forward-Looking 
Statements section and Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” each included in this Form 10-K.

The MD&A includes discussion of financial performance within each of our three segments. We have chosen to specifically 
include  segment  Reported  EBITDA  (defined  as  segment  net  revenue  less  segment  operating  expense,  plus  segment  equity 
investment  income  or  loss,  and  for  the  Real  Estate  segment,  plus  gain  or  loss  on  sale  of  real  property)  in  the  following 
discussion  because  we  consider  this  measurement  to  be  a  significant  indication  of  our  financial  performance.  We  utilize 
segment Reported EBITDA in evaluating our performance and in allocating resources to our segments. Net Debt (defined as 
long-term  debt,  net  plus  long-term  debt  due  within  one  year  less  cash  and  cash  equivalents)  is  included  in  the  following 
discussion  because  we  consider  this  measurement  to  be  a  significant  indication  of  our  available  capital  resources.  We  also 
believe that Net Debt is an important measurement as it is an indicator of our ability to obtain additional capital resources for 
our future cash needs. Resort Reported EBITDA (defined as the combination of segment Reported EBITDA of our Mountain 
and Lodging segments), Total Reported EBITDA (which is Resort Reported EBITDA plus segment Reported EBITDA from 

39

our  Real  Estate  segment)  and  Net  Debt  are  not  measures  of  financial  performance  or  liquidity  defined  under  accounting 
principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  (“GAAP”).  Refer  to  the  end  of  the  Results  of  Operations  section  for  a 
reconciliation of net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to Total Reported EBITDA and Resort Reported EBITDA, and 
long-term debt, net to Net Debt.

Items  excluded  from  Resort  Reported  EBITDA,  Total  Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt  are  significant  components  in 
understanding  and  assessing  financial  performance  or  liquidity.  Resort  Reported  EBITDA,  Total  Reported  EBITDA  and  Net 
Debt  should  not  be  considered  in  isolation  or  as  an  alternative  to,  or  substitute  for,  net  income,  net  change  in  cash  and  cash 
equivalents  or  other  financial  statement  data  presented  in  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  as  indicators  of  financial 
performance  or  liquidity.  Because  Resort  Reported  EBITDA,  Total  Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt  are  not  measurements 
determined  in  accordance  with  GAAP  and  are  thus  susceptible  to  varying  calculations,  Resort  Reported  EBITDA,  Total 
Reported  EBITDA  and  Net  Debt,  as  presented  herein,  may  not  be  comparable  to  other  similarly  titled  measures  of  other 
companies.  In  addition,  our  segment  Reported  EBITDA  (i.e.  Mountain,  Lodging  and  Real  Estate),  the  measure  of  segment 
profit or loss required to be disclosed in accordance with GAAP, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of 
other companies.

Overview

Our operations are grouped into three integrated and interdependent segments: Mountain, Lodging and Real Estate. We refer to 
“Resort”  as  the  combination  of  the  Mountain  and  Lodging  segments.  The  Mountain,  Lodging  and  Real  Estate  segments 
represented approximately 88%, 12% and 0%, respectively, of our net revenue for Fiscal 2023.

Mountain Segment

In  the  Mountain  segment,  the  Company  operates  the  following  41  destination  mountain  resorts  and  regional  ski  areas 
(collectively, “Resorts”):

*Denotes  a  destination  mountain  resort,  which  generally  receives  a  meaningful  portion  of  skier  visits  from  long-distance 
travelers, as opposed to our regional ski areas, which tend to generate skier visits predominantly from their respective local 
markets.

40

 
Additionally,  we  operate  ancillary  services,  primarily  including  ski  school,  dining  and  retail/rental  operations,  and  for  our 
Australian ski areas, including lodging and transportation operations. Mountain segment revenue is seasonal, with the majority 
of revenue earned from our North American and European ski operations occurring in our second and third fiscal quarters and 
the majority of revenue earned from our Australian ski operations occurring in our first and fourth fiscal quarters. Our North 
American  and  European  Resorts  typically  experience  their  peak  operating  season  for  the  Mountain  segment  from  mid-
December through mid-April, and our Australian ski areas typically experience their peak operating season from June to early 
October. Our largest source of Mountain segment revenue comes from the sale of lift tickets (including pass products), which 
represented approximately 56%, 59% and 63% of Mountain segment net revenue for Fiscal 2023, the fiscal year ended July 31, 
2022 (“Fiscal 2022”) and the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 (“Fiscal 2021”), respectively.

Lift  revenue  is  driven  by  volume  and  pricing.  Pricing  is  impacted  by  absolute  pricing,  as  well  as  both  the  demographic  and 
geographic mix of guests, which impacts the price points at which various products are purchased. The demographic mix of 
guests  that  visit  our  North  American  Resorts  is  divided  into  two  primary  categories:  (i)  out-of-state  and  international 
(“Destination”) guests and (ii) in-state and local (“Local”) guests. The geographic mix depends on levels of visitation to our 
destination mountain resorts versus our regional ski areas. For the 2022/2023 North American ski season, Destination guests 
comprised  approximately  57%  of  our  North  American  destination  mountain  resort  skier  visits  (excluding  complimentary 
access),  while  Local  guests  comprised  approximately  43%  of  our  North  American  destination  mountain  resort  skier  visits 
(excluding  complimentary  access),  which  compares  to  58%  and  42%,  respectively,  for  the  2021/2022  North  American  ski 
season  and  approximately  52%  and  48%,  respectively,  for  the  2020/2021  North  American  ski  season.  Skier  visitation  at  our 
regional  ski  areas  is  largely  comprised  of  Local  guests.  Destination  guests  generally  purchase  our  higher-priced  lift  tickets 
(including pass products) and utilize more ancillary services such as ski school, dining and retail/rental, as well as lodging at or 
around our mountain resorts. Additionally, Destination guest visitation is less likely to be impacted by changes in the weather 
during the current season, but may be more impacted by adverse economic conditions, the global geopolitical climate, travel 
disruptions  or  weather  conditions  in  the  immediately  preceding  ski  season.  Local  guests  tend  to  be  more  value-oriented  and 
weather-sensitive.

We offer a variety of pass products for all of our Resorts, marketed toward both Destination and Local guests. Our pass product 
offerings range from providing access to one or a combination of our Resorts for a certain number of days to our Epic Pass, 
which allows pass holders unlimited and unrestricted access to all of our Resorts. The Epic Day Pass is a customizable one to 
seven day pass product purchased in advance of the season, for those skiers and riders who expect to ski a certain number of 
days during the season, and which is available in three tiers of resort access offerings. Our pass products provide a compelling 
value  proposition  to  our  guests,  which  in  turn  assists  us  in  developing  a  loyal  base  of  customers  who  commit  to  ski  at  our 
Resorts generally in advance of the ski season and typically ski more days each season at our Resorts than those guests who do 
not  buy  pass  products.  Additionally,  we  enter  into  strategic  long-term  pass  alliance  agreements  with  third-party  mountain 
resorts,  which  further  increase  the  value  proposition  of  our  pass  products.  For  the  2023/2024  ski  season,  our  pass  alliances 
include  Telluride  Ski  Resort  in  Colorado,  Hakuba  Valley  and  Rusutsu  Resort  in  Japan,  Resorts  of  the  Canadian  Rockies  in 
Canada, Les 3 Vallées in France, Disentis Ski Area and Verbier 4 Vallées in Switzerland, Skirama Dolomiti in Italy and Ski 
Arlberg  in  Austria.  Our  pass  program  drives  strong  customer  loyalty,  mitigates  exposure  to  more  weather  sensitive  guests, 
generates  additional  ancillary  spending  and  provides  cash  flow  in  advance  of  winter  season  operations.  In  addition,  our  pass 
program  attracts  new  guests  to  our  Resorts.  All  of  our  pass  products,  including  the  Epic  Pass  and  Epic  Day  Pass,  are 
predominately  sold  prior  to  the  start  of  the  ski  season.  Pass  product  revenue,  although  primarily  collected  prior  to  the  ski 
season,  is  recognized  on  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  throughout  the  ski  season  on  a  straight-line 
basis using the skiable days of the season to date relative to the total estimated skiable days of the season.

Lift  revenue  consists  of  pass  product  lift  revenue  (“pass  revenue”)  and  non-pass  product  lift  revenue  (“non-pass  revenue”). 
Approximately 61% of total lift revenue was derived from pass revenue for each of Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2022, and Fiscal 2021 
(including the impact of the deferral of pass product revenue from Fiscal 2020 to Fiscal 2021 as a result of credits offered to 
2019/2020 North American pass product holders who purchased 2020/2021 pass products).

The cost structure of our mountain resort operations has a significant fixed component with variable expenses including, but not 
limited  to,  land  use  permit  or  lease  fees,  credit  card  fees,  retail/rental  cost  of  sales  and  labor,  ski  school  labor  and  expenses 
associated with dining operations; as such, profit margins can fluctuate greatly based on the level of revenues.

41

Lodging Segment

Operations  within  the  Lodging  segment  include:  (i)  ownership/management  of  a  group  of  luxury  hotels  through  the 
RockResorts  brand  proximate  to  our  Colorado  and  Utah  mountain  resorts;  (ii)  ownership/management  of  non-RockResorts 
branded hotels and condominiums proximate to our North American Resorts; (iii) National Park Service (“NPS”) concessioner 
properties, including the Grand Teton Lodge Company (“GTLC”); (iv) a Colorado resort ground transportation company; and 
(v) mountain resort golf courses.

The performance of our lodging properties (including managed condominium units) proximate to our Resorts, and our Colorado 
resort  ground  transportation  company,  are  closely  aligned  with  the  performance  of  the  Mountain  segment  and  generally 
experience similar seasonal trends, particularly with respect to visitation by Destination guests. Revenues from such properties 
represented  approximately  71%,  73%  and  67%  of  Lodging  segment  net  revenue  (excluding  Lodging  segment  revenue 
associated  with  the  reimbursement  of  payroll  costs)  for  Fiscal  2023,  Fiscal  2022  and  Fiscal  2021,  respectively.  Management 
primarily  focuses  on  Lodging  net  revenue  excluding  payroll  cost  reimbursements  and  Lodging  operating  expense  excluding 
reimbursed  payroll  costs  (which  are  not  measures  of  financial  performance  under  GAAP)  as  the  reimbursements  are  made 
based  upon  the  costs  incurred  with  no  added  margin  and  as  such,  the  revenue  and  corresponding  expense  do  not  affect  our 
Lodging Reported EBITDA, which we use to evaluate Lodging segment performance. Revenue of the Lodging segment during 
our first and fourth fiscal quarters is generated primarily by the operations of our NPS concessioner properties (as their peak 
operating  season  generally  occurs  from  mid-May  through  the  end  of  September);  mountain  resort  golf  operations  and 
seasonally lower volume from our other owned and managed properties and businesses.

Real Estate Segment

The principal activities of our Real Estate segment include the sale of land parcels to third-party developers and planning for 
future  real  estate  development  projects,  including  zoning  and  acquisition  of  applicable  permits.  We  continue  undertaking 
preliminary planning and design work on future projects and are pursuing opportunities with third-party developers rather than 
undertaking  our  own  significant  vertical  development  projects.  Additionally,  real  estate  development  projects  by  third-party 
developers most often result in the creation of certain resort assets that provide additional benefit to the Mountain segment. We 
believe  that,  due  to  our  low  carrying  cost  of  real  estate  land  investments,  we  are  well  situated  to  promote  future  projects  by 
third-party developers while limiting our financial risk. Our revenue from the Real Estate segment and associated expense can 
fluctuate significantly based upon the timing of closings and the type of real estate being sold, causing volatility in the Real 
Estate segment’s operating results from period to period.

Recent Trends, Risks and Uncertainties

We have identified the following important factors (as well as risks and uncertainties associated with such factors) that could 
impact our future financial performance or condition:

•

•

The economies in the countries in which we operate and from which we attract our guests may be impacted by economic 
challenges  associated  with  rising  inflation,  increasing  interest  rates,  financial  institution  disruptions  and/or  fluctuating 
commodity prices that could adversely impact our business, including decreased guest spending or visitation or increased 
costs of operations. Skiing, travel and tourism are discretionary recreational activities that can entail a relatively high cost 
of participation. As a result, economic downturns and other negative impacts to consumer discretionary spending may 
have a pronounced impact on visitation to our Resorts. We cannot predict the extent to which we may be impacted by 
such potential economic challenges, whether in North America or globally.

The timing and amount of snowfall can have an impact on Mountain and Lodging revenue, particularly with regard to 
skier visits and the duration and frequency of guest visitation. To help mitigate the impact of weather variability, we sell 
a  variety  of  pass  products  prior  to  the  beginning  of  the  ski  season,  which  results  in  a  more  stabilized  stream  of  lift 
revenue. Additionally, our pass products provide a compelling value proposition to our guests, which in turn creates a 
guest commitment predominately prior to the start of the ski season. In March 2023, we began selling pass products for 
the  2023/2024  North  American  and  European  ski  seasons.  Pass  product  sales  through  September  22,  2023  for  the 
upcoming 2023/2024 North American ski season increased approximately 7% in units and approximately 11% in sales 
dollars as compared to the prior year through September 23, 2022. Pass product sales are adjusted to eliminate the impact 
of foreign currency by applying an exchange rate of $0.74 between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar in both periods 
for Whistler Blackcomb pass product sales. We cannot predict if this favorable trend will continue through the remainder 
of the 2023 North American pass product sales campaign or the overall impact that pass product sales will have on lift 
revenue for the 2023/2024 North American and European ski seasons.

42

•

•

•

•

Our  overall  results  throughout  the  2022/2023  North  American  ski  season  highlight  the  stability  of  the  advance 
commitment from season pass products in a season with challenging conditions, including travel disruptions during the 
peak  holiday  period,  abnormal  weather  conditions  which  significantly  reduced  operating  days,  terrain  availability,  and 
activity offerings across our 26 Midwest, Mid-Atlantic and Northeast resorts (collectively, “Eastern” U.S. resorts), and 
severe weather disruptions at our Tahoe resorts. Our ancillary businesses, including ski school, dining, and retail/rental, 
experienced  strong  growth  compared  to  the  prior  year  period,  when  those  businesses  were  impacted  by  capacity 
constraints  driven  by  staffing,  and  in  the  case  of  dining,  by  operational  restrictions  associated  with  COVID-19.  Our 
dining business rebounded strongly from the prior year, though underperformed expectations for the year as guest dining 
behavior did not fully return to pre-COVID levels following two years of significant operational restrictions associated 
with COVID-19. The return to normal staffing levels enabled our mountain resorts to deliver a strong guest experience 
resulting  in  a  significant  improvement  in  guest  satisfaction  scores,  which  exceeded  pre-COVID-19  levels  at  our 
destination mountain resorts.

Given  that  we  operate  in  the  travel  and  leisure  industry,  we  are  subject  to  risks  related  to  public  health  emergencies, 
including  the  potential  outbreak  and  spread  of  contagious  disease.  Public  health  emergencies  may  lead  to  adverse 
economic  impacts  in  global  and  local  economies,  including  the  economies  in  which  we  operate,  which  may  in  turn 
impact  consumer  demand,  the  willingness  or  ability  of  guests  to  travel,  guest  visitation,  staffing  levels  or  financial 
results.  We  cannot  predict  the  ultimate  impact  that  any  potential  public  health  emergency  may  have  on  our  guest 
visitation, guest spending, staffing capabilities, other related trends or overall results of operations.

As of July 31, 2023, we had $563.0 million of cash and cash equivalents as well as $421.0 million available under the 
revolver component of the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, which represents the total commitment of $500.0 million 
less  certain  letters  of  credit  outstanding  of  $79.0  million.  Additionally,  we  have  a  credit  facility  which  supports  the 
liquidity needs of Whistler Blackcomb (the “Whistler Credit Agreement”). As of July 31, 2023, we had C$296.6 million 
($224.9  million)  available  under  the  revolver  component  of  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  which  represents  the  total 
commitment of C$300.0 million ($227.5 million) less letters of credit outstanding of C$3.4 million ($2.6 million). We 
believe  that  our  existing  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  availability  under  our  credit  agreements  and  the  expected  positive 
cash flow from operating activities of our Mountain and Lodging segments less resort capital expenditures will continue 
to provide us with sufficient liquidity to fund our operations.

On  August  3,  2022,  through  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  we  acquired  a  55%  controlling  interest  in  Andermatt-Sedrun 
Sport AG (“Andermatt-Sedrun”) from Andermatt Swiss Alps AG (“ASA”). Andermatt-Sedrun controls and operates all 
of Andermatt-Sedrun's mountain and ski-related assets, including lifts, most of the restaurants and a ski school operation 
at the ski area. The total consideration we paid was comprised of a $114.4 million (CHF 110.0 million) investment into 
Andermatt-Sedrun  for  use  in  capital  investments  to  enhance  the  guest  experience  on  the  mountain  and  $41.3  million 
(CHF 39.3 million) paid to ASA. As of August 3, 2022 the total fair value of the consideration paid was $155.4 million 
(CHF 149.3 million). The proceeds paid to ASA will be fully reinvested into real estate developments in the base area. 
ASA  retains  a  40%  ownership  stake  in  Andermatt-Sedrun,  with  a  group  of  existing  shareholders  comprising  the 
remaining 5% ownership. We cannot predict the ultimate impact the acquisition of Andermatt-Sedrun will have on our 
future results from operations.

Results of Operations

Summary

Shown below is a summary of operating results for Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021 (in thousands):

Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Income before provision for income taxes
Mountain Reported EBITDA
Lodging Reported EBITDA
Resort Reported EBITDA
Real Estate Reported EBITDA

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

268,148  $ 
373,517  $ 
822,570  $ 
12,267 

834,837  $ 
(1,728)  $ 

347,923  $ 
457,161  $ 
811,167  $ 
25,747 
836,914  $ 
(3,927)  $ 

127,850 
125,183 
552,753 
(8,097) 
544,656 
(4,582) 

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 

43

 
  
 
 
 
A  discussion  of  segment  results,  including  reconciliations  of  net  income  attributable  to  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  to  Total  Reported 
EBITDA,  and  other  items  can  be  found  below.  The  consolidated  results  of  operations,  including  any  consolidated  financial 
metrics pertaining thereto, include the operations of Andermatt-Sedrun (acquired August 3, 2022) and Seven Springs Mountain 
Resort,  Hidden  Valley  Resort  and  Laurel  Mountain  Ski  Area  in  Pennsylvania  (collectively,  the  “Seven  Springs  Resorts,” 
acquired December 31, 2021) prospectively from their respective dates of acquisition.

COVID-19 in general had an adverse impact on our results of operations for Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021.

The  sections  titled  “Fiscal  2023  compared  to  Fiscal  2022”  in  each  of  the  Mountain  and  Lodging  segment  discussions  below 
provide comparisons of financial and operating performance for Fiscal 2023 to Fiscal 2022, unless otherwise noted. Discussion 
of our financial results for Fiscal 2022 compared to Fiscal 2021 can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 
2022, which was filed on September 28, 2022.

Mountain Segment

Mountain  segment  operating  results  for  Fiscal  2023,  Fiscal  2022  and  Fiscal  2021  are  presented  by  category  as  follows  (in 
thousands, except ETP):

Year ended July 31,

Percentage

Increase/(Decrease)

2023

2022

2021

2023/2022

2022/2021

Mountain net revenue:

Lift 
Ski school
Dining
Retail/rental
Other

Total Mountain net revenue

Mountain operating expense:

Labor and labor-related benefits

Retail cost of sales
Resort related fees
General and administrative
Other

Total Mountain operating expense
Mountain equity investment income, net

Mountain Reported EBITDA
Total skier visits
ETP

$ 

1,420,900  $ 
287,275 
224,642 
361,484 
246,605 
2,540,906 

1,310,213  $ 
223,645 
163,705 
311,768 
203,783 
2,213,114 

1,076,578 
144,227 
92,186 
227,993 
161,814 
1,702,798 

744,613 
118,717 
104,797 
325,903 
424,911 
1,718,941 

561,266 
99,024 
93,177 
292,412 
358,648 
1,404,527 

605 
822,570  $ 
19,410 

73.20  $ 

2,580 
811,167  $ 
17,298 
75.74  $ 

$ 

$ 

458,029 
77,217 
69,983 
253,279 
298,235 
1,156,743 

6,698 
552,753 
14,852 
72.49 

 8.4 %
 28.5 %
 37.2 %
 15.9 %
 21.0 %
 14.8 %

 32.7 %
 19.9 %
 12.5 %
 11.5 %
 18.5 %
 22.4 %

 (76.6) %
 1.4 %
 12.2 %
 (3.4) %

 21.7 %
 55.1 %
 77.6 %
 36.7 %
 25.9 %
 30.0 %

 22.5 %
 28.2 %
 33.1 %
 15.5 %
 20.3 %
 21.4 %

 (61.5) %
 46.8 %
 16.5 %
 4.5 %

Mountain Reported EBITDA includes $21.2 million, $20.9 million and $20.3 million of stock-based compensation expense for 
Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021, respectively.

44

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal 2023 compared to Fiscal 2022

Mountain  Reported  EBITDA  increased  $11.4  million,  or  1.4%.  The  increase  was  driven  by:  (i)  an  overall  increase  in  skier 
visitation that benefited our ancillary lines of business, which remained disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 restrictions 
and  limitations  in  the  prior  year;  (ii)  an  increase  in  North  American  pass  revenue,  which  benefited  from  an  increase  in  pass 
product  sales  for  the  2022/2023  North  American  ski  season  compared  to  the  prior  year;  and  (iii)  our  Australian  operations, 
which experienced record visitation and favorable snow conditions in the 2022 ski season following periodic COVID-19 related 
closures in the prior year at Perisher, Falls Creek and Hotham. These increases were partially offset by: (i) increased labor and 
labor-related benefits and general and administrative expense, primarily as a result of investments in North American employee 
wages  and  increased  headcount  to  support  more  normalized  staffing  and  operations  at  our  Resorts;  (ii)  increased  variable 
expenses associated with increased revenues; (iii) increased expenses related to variable weather conditions; and (iv) the impact 
of inflation. Mountain segment results also include $3.1 million and $7.7 million of acquisition and integration related expenses 
for Fiscal 2023 and Fiscal 2022, respectively.

Lift  revenue  increased  $110.7  million,  or  8.4%,  due  to  increases  in  both  pass  revenue  and  non-pass  revenue.  Pass  revenue 
increased  8.5%  primarily  as  a  result  of  an  increase  in  pass  product  sales  for  the  2022/2023  North  American  ski  season 
compared to the prior year, as well as an increase in pass product sales for the 2022 Australian ski season compared to the prior 
year. Non-pass revenue increased 8.3% primarily due to an increase non-pass ETP (excluding Andermatt-Sedrun) of 7.8%, as 
well as incremental non-pass revenue from Andermatt-Sedrun of $13.2 million. Total non-pass ETP, including the impact of 
Andermatt-Sedrun,  increased  4.3%.  The  increase  in  non-pass  revenue  also  benefited  from  an  increase  in  visitation  at  our 
Australian  ski  areas  in  the  first  quarter  of  Fiscal  2023,  which  experienced  record  visitation  and  favorable  snow  conditions 
during the 2022 ski season following periodic COVID-related closures and restrictions in the prior year. Total ETP decreased 
3.4% primarily as a result of an increase in the proportion of pass product visitation (which generally results in lower ETP per 
visit) to total skier visits, driven by a continued migration to advance commitment products, partially offset by the increase in 
non-pass ETP discussed above.

Ski  school  revenue  increased  $63.6  million,  or  28.5%,  dining  revenue  increased  $60.9  million,  or  37.2%,  and  retail/rental 
revenue increased $49.7 million, or 15.9%, each primarily driven by the greater impact of COVID-19 and related limitations 
and restrictions in the prior year, including staffing challenges which limited our ability to operate at full capacity, as well as 
increased skier visitation.

Other  revenue  mainly  consists  of  revenues  from  summer  visitation  and  other  mountain  activities,  employee  housing,  guest 
services,  commercial  leasing,  marketing,  private  clubs  (which  includes  both  club  dues  and  amortization  of  initiation  fees), 
municipal  services,  other  recreation  activities  and  Australian  ski  area  lodging  and  transportation.  Other  revenue  increased 
$42.8 million, or 21.0%, primarily as a result of increased visitation at our Resorts compared to the prior year. Additionally, the 
increase  was  driven  by  the  greater  impact  of  COVID-19  and  related  limitations  and  restrictions  in  the  prior  year,  which 
impacted the Company’s ability to operate ancillary services and other on-mountain activities at full capacity, as well as our 
Australian ski areas, which were disproportionately impacted by restrictions on international travel in the prior year.

Operating expense increased $314.4 million, or 22.4%, which was primarily attributable to investments in employee wages and 
salaries  and  increased  headcount  to  support  more  normalized  staffing  and  operations  at  our  Resorts,  as  well  as  increased 
variable  expenses  associated  with  increased  revenue,  the  impact  of  inflation  and  incremental  expenses  associated  with 
Andermatt-Sedrun  and  the  Seven  Springs  Resorts.  Additionally,  operating  expense  includes  $3.1  million  and  $7.7  million  of 
acquisition and integration related expenses for Fiscal 2023 and Fiscal 2022, respectively.

Labor  and  labor-related  benefits  increased  32.7%,  primarily  due  to  investments  in  wages  and  salaries  for  North  American 
employees and increased headcount to support more normalized staffing and operations at our Resorts, as well as an increase in 
Australian operations as a result of periodic closures during the 2021 ski season, additional labor costs incurred as a result of 
variable weather conditions, and incremental expenses from Andermatt-Sedrun and the Seven Springs Resorts of $21.0 million 
for the comparable period they were not owned in the prior year. Retail cost of sales increased 19.9%, compared to an increase 
in retail sales of 16.1%, reflecting decreased margins on retail products driven by higher sales of discounted inventory. Resort 
related  fees  increased  12.5%  primarily  as  a  result  of  an  increase  in  revenues  on  which  those  fees  are  based.  General  and 
administrative expense increased 11.5% due to an increase in costs across all corporate functions, which were primarily driven 
by  investments  in  employee  wages  and  salaries.  Other  expense  increased  18.5%,  primarily  due  to  increases  in  variable 
operating  expenses  associated  with  increased  revenues,  in  addition  to  incremental  expenses  from  Andermatt-Sedrun  and  the 
Seven Springs Resorts of $17.3 million for the comparable period they were not owned in the prior year, increased utility costs 
of $10.0 million primarily associated with higher variable rates and increased snowmaking operations at our Eastern U.S. ski 
areas, and an increase in repairs and maintenance expense of $4.0 million.

45

Mountain equity investment income, net primarily includes our share of income from the operations of a real estate brokerage 
company.

Lodging Segment

Lodging  segment  operating  results  for  Fiscal  2023,  Fiscal  2022  and  Fiscal  2021  are  presented  by  category  as  follows  (in 
thousands, except average daily rate (“ADR”) and revenue per available room (“RevPAR”)):

Year ended July 31,

Percentage

Increase/(Decrease)

2023

2022

2021

2023/2022

2022/2021

Lodging net revenue:

Owned hotel rooms
Managed condominium rooms
Dining
Transportation
Golf
Other

Lodging net revenue (excluding payroll 
cost reimbursements)

Payroll cost reimbursements

Total Lodging net revenue
Lodging operating expense:

Labor and labor-related benefits
General and administrative
Other

Lodging operating expense (excluding 
reimbursed payroll costs)

Reimbursed payroll costs
Total Lodging operating expense
Lodging Reported EBITDA

Owned hotel statistics(1):

ADR

RevPar

Managed condominium statistics:

ADR

RevPar

Owned hotel and managed condominium 
statistics (combined):

ADR

RevPar

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

80,117  $ 
96,785 
62,445 
15,242 
12,737 
55,816 

80,579  $ 
97,704 
48,569 
16,021 
10,975 
46,500 

323,142 
17,251 
340,393 

148,915 
63,562 
98,398 

300,348 
11,742 
312,090 

128,884 
55,081 
90,636 

310,875 
17,251 
328,126 
12,267  $ 

274,601 
11,742 
286,343 
25,747  $ 

47,509 
72,217 
17,211 
9,271 
9,373 
43,008 

198,589 
6,553 
205,142 

95,899 
43,714 
67,073 

206,686 
6,553 
213,239 
(8,097) 

312.15  $ 

160.75  $ 

309.78  $ 

170.84  $ 

264.83 

122.45 

416.77  $ 
124.41  $ 

410.13  $ 
122.15  $ 

349.08 
77.74 

378.62  $ 

133.48  $ 

373.89  $ 

133.53  $ 

322.15 

85.99 

 (0.6) %
 (0.9) %
 28.6 %
 (4.9) %
 16.1 %
 20.0 %

 7.6 %
 46.9 %
 9.1 %

 15.5 %
 15.4 %
 8.6 %

 13.2 %
 46.9 %
 14.6 %
 (52.4) %

 0.8 %

 (5.9) %

 1.6 %
 1.9 %

 1.3 %

 — %

 69.6 %
 35.3 %
 182.2 %
 72.8 %
 17.1 %
 8.1 %

 51.2 %
 79.2 %
 52.1 %

 34.4 %
 26.0 %
 35.1 %

 32.9 %
 79.2 %
 34.3 %
 418.0 %

 17.0 %

 39.5 %

 17.5 %
 57.1 %

 16.1 %

 55.3 %

(1)  Owned  hotel  RevPAR  for  Fiscal  2023  declined  from  the  prior  comparative  period  primarily  due  to  the  inclusion  of 
properties acquired through the Seven Springs Resorts for the full year-to-date period, compared to only being included for 
seven months in the prior year period, as well as the sale of the DoubleTree at Breckenridge hotel, which was sold after the 
2021/2022 ski season, partially offset by price increases at our other lodging properties. For Fiscal 2022, the DoubleTree at 
Breckenridge contributed $8.6 million of owned hotel revenue.

Lodging  Reported  EBITDA  includes  $4.0  million,  $3.7  million  and  $3.8  million  of  stock-based  compensation  expense  for 
Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021, respectively.

46

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal 2023 compared to Fiscal 2022

Lodging  Reported  EBITDA  decreased  $13.5  million,  or  52.4%,  primarily  driven  by  an  increase  in  labor  and  labor-related 
benefits  and  general  and  administrative  expense,  including  the  impacts  of  investments  in  employee  wages  and  salaries  and 
increased headcount to support more normalized staffing and operations at our lodging properties.

Dining  revenue  increased  $13.9  million,  or  28.6%,  primarily  due  to  incremental  revenue  from  the  Seven  Springs  Resorts  of 
$7.2  million  for  the  comparable  period  they  were  not  owned  in  the  prior  year,  as  well  as  increases  in  revenue  at  our  other 
lodging  properties  as  a  result  of  fewer  COVID-19  related  limitations  and  restrictions  as  compared  to  the  prior  year.  Golf 
revenue  increased  $1.8  million,  or  16.1%,  primarily  associated  with  an  increase  in  revenue  at  our  golf  course  in  Wyoming. 
Other revenue increased $9.3 million, or 20.0%, primarily due to increases in ancillary revenue associated with the return to 
more  normalized  operations,  which  include  lodging  property  support  fees,  lodging  retail  sales,  conference  services,  and  spa 
services.

Operating  expense  (excluding  reimbursed  payroll  costs)  increased  13.2%.  Labor  and  labor-related  benefits  increased  15.5%, 
primarily due to investments in employee wages and salaries, and increased headcount to support more normalized staffing and 
operations at our lodging properties as compared to prior year, as well as incremental costs from the Seven Springs Resorts of 
$6.8 million for the comparable period they were not owned in the prior year. General and administrative expense increased 
15.4%  compared  to  the  prior  year,  due  to  an  increase  in  costs  across  all  corporate  functions,  and  particularly  for  our  central 
reservations booking services, which were primarily driven by employee wage and salary investments. Other expense increased 
8.6%, primarily related to increases in variable expenses associated with increased revenues, as well as incremental costs from 
the Seven Springs Resorts of $4.2 million for the comparable period they were not owned in the prior year.

Revenue from payroll cost reimbursement and the corresponding reimbursed payroll costs relate to payroll costs at managed 
hotel  properties  where  we  are  the  employer  and  all  payroll  costs  are  reimbursed  by  the  owners  of  the  properties  under 
contractual arrangements. Since the reimbursements are made based upon the costs incurred with no added margin, the revenue 
and corresponding expense have no effect on our Lodging Reported EBITDA.

Real Estate Segment

Our  Real  Estate  net  revenue  is  primarily  determined  by  the  timing  of  closings  and  the  mix  of  real  estate  sold  in  any  given 
period. Different types of projects have different revenue and profit margins; therefore, as the real estate inventory mix changes, 
it can greatly impact Real Estate segment net revenue, operating expense, gain or loss on sale of real property and Real Estate 
Reported EBITDA.

Real  Estate  segment  operating  results  for  Fiscal  2023,  Fiscal  2022  and  Fiscal  2021  are  presented  by  category  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

Total Real Estate net revenue
Real Estate operating expense:

Cost of sales (including sales 
commissions)
Other

Total Real Estate operating expense
Gain on sale of real property

Real Estate Reported EBITDA

$ 

Year ended July 31,

Percentage

Increase/(Decrease)

2023

2022

2021

2023/2022

2022/2021

$ 

8,065  $ 

708  $ 

1,770 

 1,039.1 %

 (60.0) %

5,146 

5,489 
10,635 
842 
(1,728)  $ 

251 

5,660 
5,911 
1,276 
(3,927)  $ 

1,294 

5,382 
6,676 
324 
(4,582) 

 1,950.2 %

 (3.0) %
 79.9 %
 (34.0) %
 56.0 %

 (80.6) %

 5.2 %
 (11.5) %
 293.8 %
 14.3 %

47

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal 2023

During Fiscal 2023, we closed on the sale of a land parcel in Keystone for $7.5 million, which was recorded within Real Estate 
net revenue, with a corresponding cost of sale (including sales commission) of $5.1 million.

Other operating expense of $5.5 million was primarily comprised of general and administrative costs, such as labor and labor-
related benefits, professional services and allocated corporate overhead costs.

Fiscal 2022

We did not close on any significant real estate transactions during Fiscal 2022. Other operating expense of $5.7 million was 
primarily  comprised  of  general  and  administrative  costs,  such  as  labor  and  labor-related  benefits,  professional  services  and 
allocated corporate overhead costs.

Other Items

In  addition  to  segment  operating  results,  the  following  items  contributed  to  our  overall  financial  position  and  results  of 
operations (in thousands).

Depreciation and amortization
Change in estimated fair value of contingent 
consideration
(Loss) gain on disposal of fixed assets and other, 
net
Investment income and other, net 
Foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans $ 
Provision for income taxes
Effective tax rate
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling 
interest

2023
$ (268,501) 

$  (49,836) 

$ 
(9,070) 
$  23,744 
(2,907) 
$  (88,414) 

Year ended July 31,

Percentage Increase/(Decrease)

2022
$ (252,391) 

2021
$ (252,585) 

2023/2022

2022/2021

 6.4 %

 (0.1) %

$  (20,280) 

$  (14,402) 

 145.7 %

 40.8 %

$  43,992 
3,718 
$ 
(2,682) 
$ 
$  (88,824) 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

(5,373) 
586 
8,282 
(726) 
 (0.6) %

 918.8 %
 (120.6) %
 534.5 %
 538.6 %
 (132.4) %
 (8.4) %
 0.5 %  (12,134.7) %
18.8 pts
4.3 pts

 (23.7) %

 (19.4) %

$  (16,955) 

$  (20,414) 

$ 

3,393 

 16.9 %

 (701.7) %

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense for Fiscal 2023 increased $16.1 million compared to the 
prior year, primarily due to assets acquired in the acquisition of Andermatt-Sedrun.

Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration. We recorded expense of $49.8 million for Fiscal 2023, primarily 
related  to  an  increase  in  the  expected  long-term  EBITDA  performance  for  Park  City,  as  well  as  an  increase  in  the  expected 
contingent rent payment to be made for Fiscal 2023. We recorded expense of $20.3 million for Fiscal 2022 primarily related to 
an increase in the estimated contingent consideration payment for Fiscal 2022.

(Loss) gain on disposal of fixed assets and other, net. Loss on disposal of fixed assets and other, net for Fiscal 2023 included a 
loss of $5.9 million related to the sale of five retail and rental stores in Telluride, Colorado, as well as other annual disposals of 
fixed  assets.  Gain  on  disposal  of  fixed  assets  and  other,  net  for  Fiscal  2022  included  (i)  $32.2  million  from  the  sale  of  the 
DoubleTree  at  Breckenridge  hotel;  (ii)  $10.3  million  in  proceeds  from  the  NPS  related  to  partial  payments  for  a  leasehold 
surrender interest at GTLC associated with assets that have been fully depreciated by the Company (payments were made at the 
request of the NPS); and (iii) $7.9 million from the sale of an administrative building in Avon, CO. These gains were partially 
offset by losses on other annual disposals of fixed assets.

Investment income and other, net. Investment income and other, net for Fiscal 2023 increased $20.0 million compared to Fiscal 
2022, primarily as a result of an increase in earned interest rates.

Foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans. Foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans is associated with an 
intercompany loan from Vail Holdings, Inc. to Whistler Blackcomb in the original amount of $210.0 million that was funded, 
effective as of November 1, 2016, in connection with the acquisition of Whistler Blackcomb. This intercompany loan requires 
foreign  currency  remeasurement  to  Canadian  dollars,  the  functional  currency  for  Whistler  Blackcomb.  As  a  result,  foreign 
currency fluctuations between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar associated with the loan are recorded within our results of 
operations.

48

Provision for income taxes. The effective tax rate for Fiscal 2023 was 23.7%, compared to 19.4% for Fiscal 2022. The increase 
in the effective tax rate was primarily due to a shift in income to higher tax rate jurisdictions, as well as a reduction in favorable 
discrete items, including excess tax benefits from employee share awards.

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest. Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest is primarily 
associated with the income or loss attributable to the minority shareholder of Whistler Blackcomb, and accordingly, fluctuations 
are  primarily  associated  with  changes  in  income  or  loss  from  Whistler  Blackcomb  operations.  Beginning  in  Fiscal  2023,  net 
income  (loss)  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest  also  includes  income  or  loss  attributable  to  the  minority  shareholder  of 
Andermatt-Sedrun,  for  which  fluctuations  are  primarily  associated  with  changes  in  income  or  loss  from  Andermatt-Sedrun 
operations.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures

The following table reconciles net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to Total Reported EBITDA for Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 
2022 and Fiscal 2021 (in thousands): 

Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income

Provision for income taxes

Income before provision for income taxes

Depreciation and amortization

Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets and other, net

Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration

Investment income and other, net

Foreign currency loss (gain) on intercompany loans

Interest expense, net

Total Reported EBITDA

Mountain Reported EBITDA

Lodging Reported EBITDA

Resort Reported EBITDA

Real Estate Reported EBITDA

Total Reported EBITDA

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

268,148  $ 

347,923  $ 

127,850 

16,955 

285,103 

88,414 

373,517 

268,501 

9,070 

49,836 

(23,744)   

2,907 

153,022 

20,414 

368,337 

88,824 

457,161 

252,391 

(43,992)   

20,280 

(3,718)   

2,682 

148,183 

833,109  $ 

832,987  $ 

(3,393) 

124,457 

726 

125,183 

252,585 

5,373 

14,402 

(586) 

(8,282) 

151,399 

540,074 

822,570  $ 

811,167  $ 

552,753 

12,267 

834,837 

25,747 

836,914 

(1,728)   

(3,927)   

(8,097) 

544,656 

(4,582) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

833,109  $ 

832,987  $ 

540,074 

The following table reconciles long-term debt, net to Net Debt (defined as long-term debt, net plus long-term debt due within 
one year less cash and cash equivalents) (in thousands):

Long-term debt, net

Long-term debt due within one year

Total debt

Less: cash and cash equivalents

Net Debt

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

$ 

2,750,675  $ 

2,670,300 

69,160 

2,819,835 

562,975 

$ 

2,256,860  $ 

63,749 

2,734,049 

1,107,427 

1,626,622 

49

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Changes in significant sources and uses of cash for Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2022 and Fiscal 2021 are presented by categories as 
follows (in thousands):

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

639,563  $ 

(273,167) $ 

(915,708) $ 

710,499  $ 

(347,917) $ 

(493,136) $ 

525,250 

(103,329) 

434,662 

Historically, we have lower cash available at the end of each first and fourth fiscal quarter-end as compared to our second and 
third  fiscal  quarter-ends,  primarily  due  to  the  seasonality  of  our  Mountain  segment  operations,  although  our  available  cash 
balances as of July 31, 2022 and 2021 were higher than our historical July 31 balance primarily as a result of the debt offerings 
we completed in Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020.

Fiscal 2023 compared to Fiscal 2022

We  generated  $639.6  million  of  cash  from  operating  activities  during  Fiscal  2023,  a  decrease  of  $70.9  million  compared  to 
$710.5 million generated during Fiscal 2022. The decrease in operating cash flows was primarily a result of (i) an increase in 
income  tax  payments  of  approximately  $74.7  million  and  (ii)  an  increase  in  payments  for  accounts  payable  and  accrued 
liabilities primarily associated with the lower level of operations as of the beginning of the prior fiscal year. These decreases 
were partially offset by an increase in earned interest on short-term investments of approximately $20.0 million. Additionally, 
we generated $7.5 million of proceeds from real estate land parcel sales during Fiscal 2023.

Cash used in investing activities for Fiscal 2023 decreased by $74.8 million primarily due to the prior year acquisition of the 
Seven Springs Resorts for $116.3 million, net of cash acquired. Additionally, we made a cash deposit of $114.4 million (CHF 
110.0 million) in July 2022 related to the acquisition of Andermatt-Sedrun, which was returned in the current year upon closing 
of  the  acquisition  on  August  3,  2022.  The  cash  deposit  was  invested  into  Andermatt-Sedrun,  which  is  consolidated  in  our 
consolidated financial statements subsequent to the acquisition being completed. Accordingly, the deposit is shown as a cash 
outflow  in  Fiscal  2022  and  a  cash  inflow  in  Fiscal  2023.  These  decreases  in  cash  used  in  investing  activities  were  partially 
offset by (i) an increase in capital expenditures of approximately $122.1 million as compared to the prior year, driven by our 
significant investment in lift upgrades in calendar year 2022; (ii) $48.8 million of short-term investments in bank deposits in the 
current year, net of maturities, which were invested in deposits with maturity dates of more than three months at the date of 
purchase and are therefore not reflected as cash equivalents; (iii) $38.6 million of cash paid to ASA upon closing the acquisition 
of  Andermatt-Sedrun,  net  of  cash  acquired,  on  August  3,  2022  and  (iv)  proceeds  in  the  prior  year  due  to  the  sale  of  the 
DoubleTree at Breckenridge, payment from the NPS related to a leasehold surrender interest at GTLC associated with assets 
that had been fully depreciated by the Company and the sale of an administrative building in Avon, CO, which did not recur in 
the current year. 

Cash used in financing activities increased by $422.6 million during Fiscal 2023 compared to Fiscal 2022, primarily due to an 
increase in repurchases of common stock of $425.0 million and an increase in dividends paid of $88.6 million. These increases 
were partially offset by a decrease in debt repayments, including (i) the prior year repayment associated with the maturity of the 
EB-5 Development Notes, which were assumed in our acquisition of Peak Resorts, Inc. ($51.5 million) and (ii) a reduction in 
net  repayments  under  the  revolver  component  of  our  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  ($21.2  million),  as  well  as  a  decrease  in 
employee taxes paid for share award exercises ($31.8 million).

Significant Sources of Cash

We had $563.0 million of cash and cash equivalents as of July 31, 2023, compared to $1,107.4 million as of July 31, 2022. The 
decrease was primarily due to a $425.0 million increase in share repurchases during Fiscal 2023. We currently anticipate that 
our  Mountain  and  Lodging  segment  operating  results  will  continue  to  provide  a  significant  source  of  future  operating  cash 
flows.

In  addition  to  our  $563.0  million  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  at  July  31,  2023,  we  had  $421.0  million  available  under  the 
revolver  component  of  our  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  as  of  July  31,  2023  (which  represents  the  total  commitment  of 
$500.0 million less certain letters of credit outstanding of $79.0 million). Also, to further support the liquidity needs of Whistler 
Blackcomb,  we  had  C$296.6  million  ($224.9  million)  available  under  the  revolver  component  of  our  Whistler  Credit 
Agreement  (which  represents  the  total  commitment  of  C$300.0  million  ($227.5  million)  less  letters  of  credit  outstanding  of 

50

C$3.4 million ($2.6 million)). We expect that our liquidity needs in the near term will be met by continued use of our existing 
cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows and borrowings under both the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement and Whistler 
Credit  Agreement,  if  needed.  The  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  and  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  provide  adequate 
flexibility and are priced favorably with any new borrowings currently priced at SOFR, plus 1.60% for the Vail Holdings Credit 
Agreement, and Bankers Acceptance Rate plus 1.75% for the Whistler Credit Agreement.

Significant Uses of Cash

Capital Expenditures

We have historically invested significant amounts of cash in capital expenditures for our resort operations, and we expect to 
continue to do so, subject to operating performance particularly as it relates to discretionary projects. In addition, we may incur 
capital  expenditures  for  retained  ownership  interests  associated  with  third-party  real  estate  development  projects.  Currently 
planned  capital  expenditures  primarily  include  investments  that  will  allow  us  to  maintain  our  high-quality  standards  for  the 
guest experience throughout our owned hotels and in technology that can impact the full network. Additionally, planned capital 
expenditures  include  discretionary  improvements  at  our  Resorts  which  we  evaluate  based  on  an  expected  level  of  return  on 
investment.

We  currently  anticipate  we  will  spend  approximately  $180  million  to  $185  million  on  resort  capital  expenditures  during 
calendar  year  2023,  excluding  one-time  investments  related  to  integration  activities,  deferred  capital  associated  with  the 
Keystone and Park City projects, $4 million of reimbursable investments associated with insurance recoveries, and $9 million 
of  growth  capital  investments  at  Andermatt-Sedrun.  Including  these  one-time  items,  our  total  capital  plan  for  calendar  year 
2023  is  expected  to  be  approximately  $204  million  to  $209  million.  Included  in  these  estimated  capital  expenditures  are 
approximately  $112  million  to  $117  million  of  maintenance  capital  expenditures  (excluding  Andermatt-Sedrun),  which  are 
necessary to maintain appearance and level of service appropriate to our resort operations. We currently plan to utilize cash on 
hand, borrowings available under our credit agreements and/or cash flow generated from future operations to provide the cash 
necessary to complete our capital plans.

Approximately  $108  million  was  spent  for  capital  expenditures  in  calendar  year  2023  as  of  July  31,  2023,  leaving 
approximately $96 million to $101 million to spend in the remainder of calendar year 2023.

Acquisitions

On August 3, 2022, we acquired a majority stake in Andermatt-Sedrun, which was funded with cash on hand. The purchase 
price was comprised of a $114.4 million (CHF 110.0 million) investment into Andermatt-Sedrun for use in capital investments 
to enhance the guest experience on the mountain and $41.3 million (CHF 39.3 million) paid to the seller. As of August 3, 2022, 
the value of the total consideration paid was $155.4 million (CHF 149.3 million).

Debt

As  of  July  31,  2023,  principal  payments  on  the  majority  of  our  long-term  debt  ($2.1  billion  of  the  total  $2.8  billion  debt 
outstanding as of July 31, 2023) are not due until fiscal year 2026 and beyond. As of July 31, 2023 and 2022, total long-term 
debt, net (including long-term debt due within one year) was $2.8 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively. Net Debt (defined as 
long-term debt, net plus long-term debt due within one year less cash and cash equivalents) was $2.3 billion and $1.6 billion as 
of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and the increase was primarily associated with the use of cash to fund increased share 
repurchases under our share repurchase program during Fiscal 2023.

As  of  July  31,  2023,  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  provides  for  (i)  a  revolving  loan  facility  in  an  aggregate  principal 
amount of $500.0 million and (ii) a term loan facility of $1.0 billion. We expect that our liquidity needs in the near term will be 
met by continued use of our existing cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows and borrowings under the Vail Holdings 
Credit Agreement and the Whistler Credit Agreement, if needed.

Our debt service requirements can be impacted by changing interest rates as we had approximately $0.7 billion of net variable-
rate debt outstanding as of July 31, 2023, after consideration of $400.0 million in interest rate swaps which effectively convert 
variable-rate debt to fixed-rate debt. A 100-basis point change in our borrowing rates would cause our annual interest payments 
on our net variable-rate debt to change by approximately $6.7 million. Additionally, the annual payments associated with the 
financing  of  the  Canyons  transaction  increase  by  the  greater  of  CPI  less  1%,  or  2%.  The  fluctuation  in  our  debt  service 
requirements,  in  addition  to  interest  rate  and  inflation  changes,  may  be  impacted  by  future  borrowings  under  our  credit 
agreements or other alternative financing arrangements we may enter into. Our long term liquidity needs depend upon operating 
results that impact the borrowing capacity under our credit agreements. We can respond to liquidity impacts of changes in the 

51

business and economic environment by managing our capital expenditures, variable operating expenses, the timing of new real 
estate development activity and the payment of cash dividends on our common stock.

Material Cash Requirements

As part of our ongoing operations, we enter into arrangements that obligate us to make future payments under contracts such as 
debt  agreements  and  construction  agreements  in  conjunction  with  our  resort  capital  expenditures.  Debt  obligations,  which 
totaled  $2.8  billion  as  of  July  31,  2023,  are  recognized  as  liabilities  in  our  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet.  Obligations  under 
construction contracts and other purchase commitments are not recognized as liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet until 
services  and/or  goods  are  received  which  is  in  accordance  with  GAAP.  A  summary  of  our  material  cash  requirements  as  of 
July 31, 2023 (excluding obligations presented elsewhere, including Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements) is presented 
below (in thousands):

Long-term debt (1)
Service contracts
Purchase obligations and other (2)
Total contractual cash obligations

Payments Due by Period

Total

Fiscal
2024

2-3
years

4-5
years

More than
5 years

$  3,198,106 

170,345 

1,456,545 

891,889 

679,327 

$ 

$ 

45,198 

696,772 

30,024 

546,636 

11,541 

91,127 

3,633 

1,390 

— 

57,619 

$  3,940,076  $ 

747,005  $  1,559,213  $ 

896,912  $ 

736,946 

(1)  Long-term  debt  includes  principal  payments,  fixed-rate  interest  payments  (including  payments  that  are  required  under 
interest rate swaps) and estimated variable interest payments utilizing interest rates in effect at July 31, 2023, and assumes 
all  debt  outstanding  as  of  July  31,  2023  will  be  held  to  maturity.  The  future  annual  interest  obligations  noted  herein  are 
estimated only in relation to debt outstanding as of July 31, 2023, and do not reflect interest obligations on potential future 
debt or refinancing. 

Long-term  debt  also  includes  $12.8  million  of  proceeds  resulting  from  real  estate  transactions  accounted  for  as  financing 
arrangements, which are expected to be recognized on the Company’s Statements of Operations in future years as a result of 
the anticipated resolution of continuing involvement, with no associated cash outflow.

(2)  Purchase  obligations  and  other  primarily  includes  amounts  which  are  classified  as  trade  payables  ($148.5  million), 
accrued payroll and benefits ($99.4 million), accrued fees and assessments ($27.6 million), contingent consideration liability 
($73.3 million) and accrued taxes (including taxes for uncertain tax positions) ($140.3 million) on our Consolidated Balance 
Sheet as of July 31, 2023. These amounts also include other commitments for goods and services not yet received, including 
construction  contracts  and  minimum  commitments  under  season  pass  alliance  agreements,  which  are  not  included  on  our 
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of July 31, 2023 in accordance with GAAP.

Share Repurchase Program

Our share repurchase program is conducted under authorizations made from time to time by our Board of Directors. On March 
9, 2006, our Board of Directors initially authorized the repurchase of up to 3,000,000 shares of Vail Shares and later authorized 
additional repurchases of up to 3,000,000 additional Vail Shares (July 16, 2008), 1,500,000 Vail Shares (December 4, 2015), 
and  2,500,000  Vail  Shares  (March  7,  2023),  for  a  total  authorization  to  repurchase  shares  of  up  to  10,000,000  Vail  Shares. 
During  Fiscal  2023,  we  repurchased  2,182,594  shares  (at  an  average  price  of  $229.09)  for  a  total  cost  of  approximately 
$500.0 million, excluding accrued excise tax. Since the inception of this stock repurchase program through July 31, 2023, we 
have repurchased 8,648,302 Vail Shares at a cost of approximately $979.4 million. As of July 31, 2023, 1,351,698 Vail Shares 
remained available to repurchase under the existing repurchase authorization. Vail Shares purchased pursuant to the repurchase 
program will be held as treasury shares and may be used for the issuance of shares under our share award plan. Repurchases 
under the program may be made from time to time at prevailing prices as permitted by applicable laws, and subject to market 
conditions and other factors. The timing, as well as the number of Vail Shares that may be repurchased under the program, will 
depend on several factors, including our future financial performance, our available cash resources and competing uses for cash 
that may arise in the future, the restrictions in our Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, prevailing prices of Vail Shares and the 
number of Vail Shares that become available for sale at prices that we believe are attractive. The share repurchase program has 
no expiration date.

52

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividend Payments

During Fiscal 2023, we paid cash dividends of $7.94 per share ($314.4 million). During Fiscal 2022, we paid cash dividends of 
$5.58  per  share  ($225.8  million,  including  cash  dividends  paid  to  Exchangeco  shareholders).  On  September  27,  2023,  our 
Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $2.06 per share payable on October 26, 2023 to stockholders of record as of 
October 10, 2023. We expect to fund the dividend with available cash on hand. The amount, if any, of dividends to be paid in 
the future will depend on our available cash on hand, anticipated cash needs, overall financial condition, restrictions contained 
in  our  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement,  future  prospects  for  earnings  and  cash  flows,  as  well  as  other  factors  considered 
relevant by our Board of Directors.

Covenants and Limitations

We must abide by certain restrictive financial covenants under our credit agreements. The most restrictive of those covenants 
include  the  following:  for  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement,  Net  Funded  Debt  to  Adjusted  EBITDA  ratio,  Secured  Net 
Funded  Debt  to  Adjusted  EBITDA  ratio  and  the  Interest  Coverage  ratio  (each  as  defined  in  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit 
Agreement); for the Whistler Credit Agreement, Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio and Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio 
(each  as  defined  in  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement);  and  for  the  EPR  Secured  Notes,  Maximum  Leverage  Ratio  and 
Consolidated  Fixed  Charge  Ratio  (each  as  defined  in  the  EPR  Agreements).  Additionally,  the  New  Regional  Policy  loan 
between  Andermatt-Sedrun  and  the  Canton  of  Uri  and  Canton  of  Graubünden  dated  June  24,  2016  includes  restrictive 
covenants requiring certain minimum financial results (as defined in the agreement). In addition, our financing arrangements 
limit our ability to make certain restricted payments, pay dividends on or redeem or repurchase stock, make certain investments, 
make certain affiliate transfers and may limit our ability to enter into certain mergers, consolidations or sales of assets and incur 
certain indebtedness. Our borrowing availability under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement is primarily determined by the Net 
Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio, which is based on our segment operating performance, as defined in the Vail Holdings 
Credit  Agreement.  Our  borrowing  availability  under  the  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  is  primarily  determined  based  on  the 
commitment size of the credit facility and our compliance with the terms of the Whistler Credit Agreement.

We were in compliance with all restrictive financial covenants in our debt instruments as of July 31, 2023. We expect that we 
will  continue  to  meet  all  applicable  financial  maintenance  covenants  in  effect  in  our  credit  agreements  throughout  the  year 
ending  July  31,  2024;  however,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  continue  to  meet  such  financial  covenants.  If  such 
covenants  are  not  met,  we  would  be  required  to  seek  a  waiver  or  amendment  from  the  banks  participating  in  our  credit 
agreements. There can be no assurance that such waiver or amendment would be granted, which could have a material adverse 
impact on our liquidity.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have off balance sheet transactions that are expected to have a material effect on our financial condition, revenue, 
expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to select appropriate accounting 
policies and to make judgments and estimates affecting the application of those accounting policies. In applying our accounting 
policies, different business conditions or the use of different assumptions may result in materially different amounts reported in 
the Consolidated Financial Statements.

We have identified the most critical accounting policies which were determined by considering accounting policies that involve 
the  most  complex  or  subjective  decisions  or  assessments.  We  also  have  other  policies  considered  key  accounting  policies; 
however,  these  policies  do  not  meet  the  definition  of  critical  accounting  policies  because  they  do  not  generally  require  us  to 
make estimates or judgments that are complex or subjective. We have reviewed these critical accounting policies and related 
disclosures with our Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Description

The carrying value of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are evaluated for possible impairment on an annual basis 
or between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the estimated fair 
value  of  a  reporting  unit  or  indefinite-lived  intangible  asset  below  its  carrying  value.  Definite-lived  intangible  assets  are 
evaluated for impairment only when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount 
of these assets may not be recoverable. 

53

Judgments and Uncertainties

Application of the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test requires judgment, including the identification 
of  reporting  units,  assignment  of  assets  and  liabilities  to  reporting  units,  assignment  of  goodwill  to  reporting  units  and 
determination  of  the  estimated  fair  value  of  reporting  units  and  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets.  We  perform  a  qualitative 
analysis to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset 
exceeds  the  carrying  amount.  If  it  is  determined,  based  on  qualitative  factors,  that  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  or 
indefinite-lived  intangible  asset  is  more  likely  than  not  less  than  its  carrying  amount,  or  if  significant  changes  to  macro-
economic factors related to the reporting unit or intangible asset have occurred that could materially impact the estimated fair 
value since the previous quantitative analysis was performed, a quantitative impairment test would be required. The quantitative 
test  includes  determination  of  the  estimated  fair  value  of  our  reporting  units  using  a  discounted  cash  flow  analysis  and 
determination of the estimated fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily using the income approach based upon 
estimated  future  revenue  streams.  These  analyses  require  significant  judgments,  including  estimation  of  future  cash  flows, 
which is dependent on internal forecasts, available industry/market data (to the extent available), estimation of the long-term 
rate of growth for our business including expectations and assumptions regarding the impact of general economic conditions on 
our  business,  estimation  of  terminal  value,  determination  of  the  respective  weighted  average  cost  of  capital  and  market 
participant assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of estimated fair 
value and the amount of any potential impairment for each reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset. 

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at least annually as of May 1. If the net carrying value 
of the reporting units or assets exceed their estimated fair value, an impairment will be recognized in an amount equal to that 
excess; otherwise, no impairment loss is recognized. During  Fiscal 2023, we performed qualitative analyses of our reporting 
units  and  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  and  determined  that  the  estimated  fair  value  of  all  material  reporting  units  and 
indefinite-lived intangible assets significantly exceeded their respective carrying values.

Fair value determinations require considerable judgment and are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions and factors. As 
a result, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the annual goodwill or indefinite-
lived asset impairment tests are accurate. Examples of events or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to negatively 
affect the underlying key assumptions and ultimately impact the estimated fair value of our reporting units may include such 
items as: (1) prolonged adverse weather conditions resulting in a sustained decline in guest visitation; (2) a prolonged weakness 
in the general economic conditions in which guest visitation and spending is adversely impacted; and (3) volatility in the equity 
and debt markets which could result in a higher discount rate.

While we believe that our estimates and judgments are reasonable and while historical performance and current expectations 
have generally resulted in estimated fair values of our reporting units and indefinite-lived assets that are in excess of carrying 
values,  if  our  assumptions  are  not  realized,  it  is  possible  that  an  impairment  charge  may  need  to  be  recorded  in  the  future. 
However, it is not possible at this time to determine if an impairment charge would result or if such a charge would be material. 
As of July 31, 2023, we had $1,720.3 million of goodwill and $254.4 million of indefinite-lived intangible assets recorded on 
our Consolidated Balance Sheet. There can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the annual 
goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests will prove to be an accurate prediction of the future.

Tax Contingencies

Description

We  must  make  certain  estimates  and  judgments  in  determining  income  tax  expense  for  financial  statement  purposes.  These 
estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits and deductions and in the calculation of certain tax assets and 
liabilities,  which  arise  from  differences  in  the  timing  of  recognition  of  revenue  and  expense  for  tax  and  financial  statement 
purposes, as well as the interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves 
dealing  with  uncertainties  in  the  application  of  complex  tax  regulations.  We  recognize  liabilities  for  uncertain  tax  positions 
based  on  a  two-step  process.  The  first  step  is  to  evaluate  the  tax  position  for  recognition  by  determining  if  the  weight  of 
available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of 
related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the largest tax benefit that is 
cumulatively  greater  than  50%  likely  of  being  realized  upon  ultimate  settlement.  It  is  inherently  difficult  and  subjective  to 
estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. This evaluation is based 
on  factors  including,  but  not  limited  to,  changes  in  facts  or  circumstances,  changes  in  tax  law,  interpretation  of  tax  law, 
effectively settled issues under audit and new audit activity. A significant amount of time may pass before a particular matter, 
for which we may have established a reserve, is audited and fully resolved.

54

Judgments and Uncertainties

The  estimates  of  our  tax  contingencies  reserve  contain  uncertainty  because  management  must  use  judgment  to  estimate  the 
potential exposure associated with our various filing positions.

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

We  believe  the  estimates  and  judgments  we  have  made  related  to  tax  contingencies  are  reasonable  and  we  have  adequate 
reserves  for  uncertain  tax  positions.  Our  reserves  for  uncertain  tax  positions,  including  any  income  tax  related  interest  and 
penalties,  are  $56.8  million  as  of  July  31,  2023.  This  reserve  solely  relates  to  the  treatment  of  the  Canyons  lease  payments 
obligation as payments of debt obligations and that the tax basis in Canyons goodwill is deductible. Actual results could differ 
and we may be exposed to increases or decreases in those reserves and tax provisions that could be material.

An unfavorable tax settlement could require the use of cash and could possibly result in increased tax expense and effective tax 
rate and/or adjustments to our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities in the year of resolution. A favorable tax settlement 
could possibly result in a reduction in our tax expense, effective tax rate, income taxes payable, other long-term liabilities and/
or adjustments to our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities in the year of settlement or in future years.

Depreciable Lives of Assets

Description

Mountain  and  lodging  operational  assets,  furniture  and  fixtures,  computer  equipment,  software,  vehicles  and  leasehold 
improvements are primarily depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Assets may 
become obsolete or require replacement before the end of their useful life in which the remaining book value would be written-
off or we could incur costs to remove or dispose of assets no longer in use.

Judgments and Uncertainties

The  estimates  of  our  useful  lives  of  the  assets  contain  uncertainty  because  management  must  use  judgment  to  estimate  the 
useful life of the asset.

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

Although we believe the estimates and judgments discussed herein are reasonable, actual results could differ, and we may be 
exposed to increased expense related to depreciable assets disposed of, removed or taken out of service prior to its originally 
estimated useful life, which may be material. A 10% decrease in the estimated useful lives of depreciable assets would have 
increased depreciation expense by approximately $28.3 million for Fiscal 2023.

Business Combinations

Description

A component of our growth strategy has been to acquire and integrate businesses that complement our existing operations. We 
account  for  business  combinations  in  accordance  with  the  guidance  for  business  combinations  and  related  literature. 
Accordingly, we allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The difference between the purchase 
price  and  the  estimated  fair  value  of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  is  recorded  as  goodwill.  In  determining  the 
estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, we use various recognized valuation 
methods  including  present  value  modeling  and  referenced  market  values  (where  available).  Valuations  are  performed  by 
management or independent valuation specialists under management’s supervision, where appropriate. 

Judgments and Uncertainties

Accounting for business combinations requires our management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at 
the acquisition date, including our estimates for intangible assets, contractual obligations assumed and contingent consideration, 
where  applicable.  Although  we  believe  the  assumptions  and  estimates  we  have  made  in  the  past  have  been  reasonable  and 
appropriate,  they  are  based  in  part  on  historical  experience  and  information  obtained  from  the  management  of  the  acquired 
companies  and  are  inherently  uncertain.  Examples  of  critical  estimates  in  valuing  certain  of  the  intangible  assets  we  have 
acquired  include,  but  are  not  limited  to:  determination  of  weighted  average  cost  of  capital,  market  participant  assumptions, 
royalty rates, terminal multiples and estimates of future cash flows to be generated by the acquired assets. In addition to the 
estimates  and  assumptions  applied  to  valuing  intangible  assets  acquired,  the  determination  of  the  estimated  fair  value  of 

55

contingent  consideration,  including  estimating  the  likelihood  and  timing  of  achieving  the  relevant  thresholds  for  contingent 
consideration  payments,  requires  the  use  of  subjective  judgments.  We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  the  Park  City  contingent 
consideration  payments  using  an  option  pricing  valuation  model  which  incorporates,  among  other  factors,  projected 
achievement of specified financial performance measures, discount rates and volatility for the respective business. 

Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions

We  believe  that  the  estimated  fair  values  assigned  to  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  are  based  on  reasonable 
assumptions  that  a  marketplace  participant  would  use.  While  we  use  our  best  estimates  and  assumptions  to  accurately  value 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. 
As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments, 
which could be significant, to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the 
conclusion  of  the  measurement  period  or  final  determination  of  the  estimated  fair  values  of  assets  acquired  or  liabilities 
assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments would be recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

We recognize the fair value of contingent consideration, if any, at the date of acquisition as part of the consideration transferred 
to acquire a business. The liability associated with contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value at each reporting period 
subsequent  to  the  date  of  acquisition  taking  into  consideration  changes  in  financial  projections  and  long-term  growth  rates, 
among  other  factors,  that  may  impact  the  timing  and  amount  of  contingent  consideration  payments  until  the  term  of  the 
agreement  has  expired  or  the  contingency  is  resolved.  Increases  in  the  fair  value  of  contingent  consideration  are  recorded  as 
losses on our Consolidated Statements of Operations, while decreases in fair value are recorded as gains. 

New Accounting Standards

Refer  to  the  Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  within  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  a 
discussion of new accounting standards.

Seasonality and Quarterly Results

Our mountain and lodging operations are seasonal in nature, with a typical peak operating season in North America and Europe 
generally beginning in mid-December and running through mid-April. In particular, revenue and profits for our North American 
and European mountain and most of our lodging operations are substantially lower and historically result in losses from late 
spring to late fall. Conversely, peak operating seasons for our NPS concessioner properties, our mountain resort golf courses 
and  our  Australian  resorts’  ski  season  generally  occur  during  the  North  American  summer  months,  and  these  operations 
typically  incur  operating  losses  during  the  North  American  and  European  winter  months.  Revenue  and  profits  generated  by 
NPS  concessioner  properties’  summer  operations,  golf  operations  and  Australian  resorts’  ski  operations  are  not  sufficient  to 
fully offset our off-season losses from our North American and European mountain and other lodging operations. During Fiscal 
2023, approximately 81% of total combined Mountain and Lodging segment net revenue (excluding Lodging segment revenue 
associated with reimbursement of payroll costs) was earned during the second and third fiscal quarters. Therefore, the operating 
results for any three-month period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be achieved for any subsequent quarter 
or for a full year (see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

ITEM 7A.         QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Interest Rate Risk. Our exposure to market risk is limited primarily to the fluctuating interest rates associated with variable rate 
indebtedness.  At  July  31,  2023,  we  had  approximately  $0.7  billion  of  net  variable  rate  indebtedness  (after  taking  into 
consideration  $400.0  million  in  interest  rate  swaps  which  converts  variable-rate  debt  to  fixed-rate  debt),  representing 
approximately 24% of our total debt outstanding, at an average interest rate during Fiscal 2023 of approximately 5.4%. Based 
on variable-rate borrowings outstanding as of July 31, 2023, a 100-basis point (or 1.0%) change in our borrowing rates would 
result  in  our  annual  interest  payments  changing  by  $6.7  million.  Our  market  risk  exposure  fluctuates  based  on  changes  in 
underlying interest rates.

Foreign  Currency  Exchange  Rate  Risk.  We  are  exposed  to  currency  translation  risk  because  our  international  operations  are 
conducted in local currency, which we then translate to U.S. dollars for inclusion in our Consolidated Financial Statements. As 
a result, changes in foreign exchange rates, in particular the Canadian dollar, Australian dollar and Swiss franc compared to the 
U.S. dollar, affect the amounts we record for our foreign assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could have a negative 
effect  on  our  financial  results.  Additionally,  we  have  foreign  currency  transaction  exposure  from  an  intercompany  loan  to 
Whistler Blackcomb that is not deemed to be permanently invested, which has and could materially change due to fluctuations 
in the Canadian dollar exchange rate. The results of Whistler Blackcomb are reported in Canadian dollars, the results of our 
Australian resorts are reported in Australian dollars, and the results of Andermatt-Sedrun are reported in Swiss francs, each of 

56

which we then translate to U.S. dollars for inclusion in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We do not currently enter into 
hedging arrangements to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our operations.

The  following  table  summarizes  the  amounts  of  foreign  currency  translation  adjustments,  representing  (losses)  gains,  and 
foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans recognized in comprehensive income (in thousands):

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans

$ 

$ 

(25,439)  $ 

(2,907)  $ 

(46,493)  $ 

(2,682)  $ 

100,019 

8,282 

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

57

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

Vail Resorts, Inc.

Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238)

Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

59

60

62
63
64
65
66
67

58

 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control 
over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The 
Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting principles in the United States of America.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the 
risk  that  the  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the 
Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  July  31,  2023.  In  making  this  assessment,  management  used  the 
criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway  Commission  in  2013.  Based  on  this  assessment,  management  concluded  that,  as  of  July  31,  2023,  the  Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting was effective. Management’s evaluation and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal 
control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2023 excluded certain elements of internal controls of Andermatt-Sedrun Sport 
AG  (“Andermatt-Sedrun”,  acquired  August  3,  2022)  due  to  the  timing  of  this  acquisition.  Those  elements  of  the  acquired 
resort’s  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  that  have  been  excluded  represent  approximately  2%  of  total  consolidated 
assets and approximately 1% of total consolidated net revenues of the Company as of and for the year ended July 31, 2023.

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, has issued an attestation report 
on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2023, as stated in the Report of 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the following page.

59

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of Vail Resorts, Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vail Resorts, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of 
July  31,  2023  and  2022,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations,  of  comprehensive  income,  of  stockholders’ 
equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended July 31, 2023, including the related notes (collectively 
referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  We  also  have  audited  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of July 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial 
position of the Company as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three 
years  in  the  period  ended  July  31,  2023  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of 
America.  Also  in  our  opinion,  the  Company  maintained,  in  all  material  respects,  effective  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of July 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The  Company's  management  is  responsible  for  these  consolidated  financial  statements,  for  maintaining  effective  internal 
control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included 
in Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to 
express  opinions  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  and  on  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight 
Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audits  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement, 
whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material 
respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement 
of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. 
Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated 
financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by 
management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audit  of  internal 
control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the 
risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based 
on  the  assessed  risk.  Our  audits  also  included  performing  such  other  procedures  as  we  considered  necessary  in  the 
circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

As  described  in  Management’s  Report  on  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting,  management  has  excluded  Andermatt-
Sedrun Sport AG from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2023 because it was acquired by 
the  Company  in  a  purchase  business  combination  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2023.  We  have  also  excluded  Andermatt-
Sedrun Sport AG from our audit of internal control over financial reporting. Andermatt-Sedrun Sport AG is a subsidiary whose 
total  assets  and  total  revenues  excluded  from  management’s  assessment  and  our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  represent  2%  and  1%,  respectively,  of  the  related  consolidated  financial  statement  amounts  as  of  and  for  the  year 
ended July 31, 2023.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures 
that  (i)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 

60

preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the 
company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or 
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or 
complex  judgments.  The  communication  of  critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our  opinion  on  the  consolidated 
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate 
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Fair Value Measurement of the Contingent Consideration 

As described in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has established a liability of $73.3 million as of 
July 31, 2023 for additional amounts that management believes are likely to be paid to the previous owner of Park City (the 
“Contingent Consideration”). The Company remeasures the Contingent Consideration to fair value at each reporting date until 
the contingency is resolved. The estimated fair value of Contingent Consideration includes the future period resort operations of 
Park City in the calculation of EBITDA on which participating contingent payments are made, which is determined on the basis 
of estimated subsequent year performance, escalated by an assumed annual growth factor and discounted to net present value. 
Fair  value  is  estimated  using  an  option  pricing  valuation  model.  As  described  by  management,  significant  assumptions  in 
determining the fair value under this model included future period Park City EBITDA, discount rate and volatility.

The  principal  considerations  for  our  determination  that  performing  procedures  relating  to  the  fair  value  measurement  of  the 
Contingent  Consideration  is  a  critical  audit  matter  are  (i)  the  significant  judgment  by  management  when  developing  the  fair 
value measurement, which in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures 
and  evaluating  audit  evidence  related  to  management’s  significant  assumptions  for  the  future  period  Park  City  EBITDA, 
discount rate, and volatility; and (ii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge. 

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall 
opinion  on  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  These  procedures  included  testing  the  effectiveness  of  controls  relating  to 
management’s  fair  value  measurement  of  the  Contingent  Consideration  including  controls  over  the  Company’s  significant 
assumptions.  The  procedures  also  included,  among  others,  testing  management’s  process  for  developing  the  fair  value 
measurement and evaluating the significant assumptions used by management, related to the future period Park City EBITDA, 
discount  rate,  and  volatility.  Evaluating  management’s  assumptions  related  to  the  future  period  Park  City  EBITDA,  discount 
rate,  and  volatility  involved  evaluating  whether  the  assumptions  used  by  management  were  reasonable  considering  (i)  the 
current  and  past  period  EBITDA  performance  of  Park  City;  (ii)  the  consistency  with  external  market  data;  and  (iii)  whether 
these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and 
knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s discount rate and volatility assumptions.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
September 28, 2023

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.

61

Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Assets
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Trade receivables, net of allowances of $5,385 and $6,356, respectively
Inventories, net of reserves
Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 8)
Real estate held for sale or investment
Goodwill, net (Note 8)
Intangible assets, net (Note 8)
Operating right-of-use assets (Note 4)
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Note 8)
Income taxes payable
Long-term debt due within one year (Note 6)

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net (Note 6)
Operating lease liabilities (Note 4)
Other long-term liabilities
Deferred income taxes, net (Note 10)

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Stockholders’ equity:

$ 

$ 

$ 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 25,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and 
outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized and 46,798 and 46,744 
shares issued, respectively
Exchangeable shares, $0.01 par value, 0 and 3 shares issued and outstanding, 
respectively (Note 5)
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
Retained earnings
Treasury stock, at cost; 8,648 and 6,466 shares, respectively (Note 13)
Total Vail Resorts, Inc. stockholders’ equity
Noncontrolling interests
Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$ 

July 31,

2023

2022

562,975  $ 
10,118   
381,067   
132,548   
121,403   
1,208,111   
2,371,557   
90,207   
1,720,344   
309,345   
192,289   
55,901   
5,947,754  $ 

978,021  $ 
83,514   
69,160   
1,130,695   
2,750,675   
168,326   
286,261   
276,137   
4,612,094   

—   

468   

—   
1,124,433   
(10,358)  
873,710   
(984,306)  
1,003,947   
331,713   
1,335,660   
5,947,754  $ 

1,107,427 
18,680 
383,425 
108,723 
173,277 
1,791,532 
2,118,052 
95,983 
1,754,928 
314,058 
192,070 
51,405 
6,318,028 

942,830 
104,275 
63,749 
1,110,854 
2,670,300 
174,567 
246,359 
268,464 
4,470,544 

— 

467 

— 
1,184,577 
10,923 
895,889 
(479,417) 
1,612,439 
235,045 
1,847,484 
6,318,028 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

62

  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

Net revenue:

Mountain and Lodging services and other
Mountain and Lodging retail and dining

Resort net revenue

Real Estate

Total net revenue

$ 

2,372,175  $ 
509,124   
2,881,299   
8,065   
2,889,364   

2,116,547  $ 
408,657   
2,525,204   
708   
2,525,912   

Operating expense (exclusive of depreciation and amortization 
shown separately below):

Mountain and Lodging operating expense
Mountain and Lodging retail and dining cost of products sold
General and administrative
Resort operating expense

Real Estate

Total segment operating expense

Other operating (expense) income:
Depreciation and amortization
Gain on sale of real property
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration (Note 
9)
(Loss) gain on disposal of fixed assets and other, net

Income from operations
Interest expense, net 
Mountain equity investment income, net
Investment income and other, net 
Foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans (Note 6)

Income before provision for income taxes

Provision for income taxes (Note 10)

Net income

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Per share amounts (Note 5):

Basic net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Diluted net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.
Cash dividends declared per share

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

1,454,324   
203,278   
389,465   
2,047,067   
10,635   
2,057,702   

1,180,963   
162,414   
347,493   
1,690,870   
5,911   
1,696,781   

(268,501)  
842   

(252,391)  
1,276   

(49,836)  
(9,070)  
505,097   
(153,022)  
605   
23,744   
(2,907)  
373,517   
(88,414)  
285,103   
(16,955)  
268,148  $ 

6.76  $ 
6.74  $ 
7.94  $ 

(20,280)  
43,992   
601,728   
(148,183)  
2,580   
3,718   
(2,682)  
457,161   
(88,824)  
368,337   
(20,414)  
347,923  $ 

8.60  $ 
8.55  $ 
5.58  $ 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

1,650,055 
257,885 
1,907,940 
1,770 
1,909,710 

960,453 
112,536 
296,993 
1,369,982 
6,676 
1,376,658 

(252,585) 
324 

(14,402) 
(5,373) 
261,016 
(151,399) 
6,698 
586 
8,282 
125,183 
(726) 
124,457 
3,393 
127,850 

3.17 
3.13 
— 

63

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Comprehensive income

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

$ 

285,103  $ 
(25,439)  

3,691   

263,355   

(16,488)  

368,337  $ 
(46,493)  

18,906   

340,750   

(9,703)  

Comprehensive income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

$ 

246,867  $ 

331,047  $ 

124,457 
100,019 

12,817 

237,293 

(24,807) 

212,486 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

64

 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)

Common Stock

Additional
Paid in
Capital

Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive 
(Loss) Income

Retained
Earnings

Treasury
Stock

Total Vail Resorts, 
Inc. Stockholders’ 
Equity

Noncontrolling
Interests

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

Vail Resorts Exchangeable   
$ 

464  $ 

—  $ 1,131,624  $ 

(56,837)  $ 645,902  $ (404,411)  $ 

1,316,742  $ 

214,925  $ 

1,531,667 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2 

— 

466 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

80,066 

24,395 

(39,092)   

— 

— 

  127,850 

71,819 

12,817 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

127,850 

71,819 

12,817 

212,486 
80,066 

24,395 

(39,090)   

(3,393)   

28,200 

— 

24,807 

— 

— 

— 

124,457 

100,019 

12,817 

237,293 
80,066 

24,395 

(39,090) 

— 

(5,263)   

(5,263) 

— 

  1,196,993 

27,799 

  773,752 

  (404,411)   

1,594,599 

234,469 

1,829,068 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

24,885 

(37,301)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

  347,923 

(35,782)   

18,906 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(75,006)   

— 

  (225,786)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

347,923 

(35,782)   

18,906 

331,047 

24,885 

(37,300)   

(75,006)   

(225,786)   

20,414 

(10,711)   

— 

9,703 

— 

— 

— 

— 

368,337 

(46,493) 

18,906 

340,750 

24,885 

(37,300) 

(75,006) 

(225,786) 

— 

(9,127)   

(9,127) 

467 

— 

  1,184,577 

10,923 

  895,889 

  (479,417)   

1,612,439 

235,045 

1,847,484 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(80,066)   

25,409 

(5,487)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  268,148 

(24,972)   

3,691 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

24,023 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  (504,889)   

— 

  (314,350)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

268,148 

(24,972)   

3,691 

246,867 

(56,043)   

25,409 

(5,486)   

(504,889)   

(314,350)   

16,955 

(467)   

— 

16,488 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

285,103 

(25,439) 

3,691 

263,355 

(56,043) 

25,409 

(5,486) 

(504,889) 

(314,350) 

— 

— 

91,524 

91,524 

(11,344)   

(11,344) 

Balance, July 31, 2020

Comprehensive income:

Net income (loss)

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Total comprehensive income

Equity component of 0.0% Convertible Notes, net (Note 6)

Stock-based compensation expense (Note 14)

Issuance of shares under share award plan, net of shares withheld for 
employee taxes (Note 14)

Distributions to noncontrolling interests, net 

Balance, July 31, 2021

Comprehensive income:

Net income

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Total comprehensive income

Stock-based compensation expense (Note 14)

Issuance of shares under share award plan, net of shares withheld for 
employee taxes (Note 14)

Repurchases of common stock (Note 13)

Dividends (Note 5)

Distributions to noncontrolling interests, net 

Balance, July 31, 2022

Comprehensive income:

Net income

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Change in estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax

Total comprehensive income

Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2020-06 (Notes 2 & 6)

Stock-based compensation expense (Note 14)

Issuance of shares under share award plan, net of shares withheld for 
employee taxes (Note 14)

Repurchases of common stock (Note 13)

Dividends (Note 5)
Estimated acquisition date fair value of noncontrolling interests 
(Note 7)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests, net 

Balance, July 31, 2023

$ 

468  $ 

—  $ 1,124,433  $ 

(10,358)  $ 873,710  $ (984,306)  $ 

1,003,947  $ 

331,713  $ 

1,335,660 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

65

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation expense
Deferred income taxes, net
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets and other, net
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration
Other non-cash (income) expense, net

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:

Trade receivables, net
Inventories, net
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Deferred revenue
Income taxes payable
Other assets and liabilities, net

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Capital expenditures
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
Deposit returned (paid) for acquisition of business
Investments in short-term deposits
Maturity of short-term deposits
Cash received from disposal of fixed assets
Other investing activities, net

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from borrowings under Whistler Credit Agreement
Proceeds from borrowings under 0.0% Convertible Notes
Repayments of borrowings under Vail Holdings Credit Agreement
Repayments of borrowings under Whistler Credit Agreement
Repayment of EB-5 Development Notes
Employee taxes paid for share award exercises
Repurchases of common stock
Dividends paid
Other financing activities, net

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted 
cash

Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted 
cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:

Beginning of period
End of period
Cash paid for interest
Taxes paid, net

Non-cash investing activities:

Accrued capital expenditures

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

285,103  $ 

368,337  $ 

124,457 

268,501   
25,409   
24,065   
9,070   
49,836   
(4,687)   

4,248   
(23,418)   
(7,509)   
60,268   
(32,270)   
(19,053)   
639,563   

(314,912)   
(38,567)   
114,506   
(86,756)   
37,978   
5,674   
8,910   
(273,167)   

—   
—   
(62,500)   
(11,389)   
—   
(5,486)   
(500,000)   
(314,350)   
(21,983)   
(915,708)   

252,391   
24,885   
(9,390)   
(43,992)   
20,280   
3,510   

(39,010)   
(28,048)   
41,078   
48,973   
81,307   
(9,822)   
710,499   

(192,817)   
(116,337)   
(114,414)   
—   
—   
66,264   
9,387   
(347,917)   

—   
—   
(62,500)   
(32,633)   
(51,500)   
(37,300)   
(75,006)   
(225,786)   
(8,411)   
(493,136)   

252,585 
24,395 
(16,136) 
5,373 
14,402 
(7,231) 

(237,188) 
22,781 
118,979 
199,410 
11,850 
11,573 
525,250 

(115,097) 
— 
— 
— 
— 
9,705 
2,063 
(103,329) 

27,775 
575,000 
(62,500) 
(45,657) 
— 
(39,090) 
— 
— 
(20,866) 
434,662 

(3,702)   

(1,913)   

(95) 

(553,014)   

(132,467)   

856,488 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

1,126,107  $ 
573,093  $ 
140,599  $ 
94,342  $ 

1,258,574  $ 
1,126,107  $ 
114,074  $ 
19,692  $ 

402,086 
1,258,574 
125,667 
5,011 

23,210  $ 

30,556  $ 

5,158 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.

Organization and Business

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Vail Resorts, Inc. (“Vail Resorts”) is organized as a holding company and operates through various subsidiaries. Vail Resorts 
and  its  subsidiaries  (collectively,  the  “Company”)  operate  in  three  reportable  segments:  Mountain,  Lodging  and  Real  Estate. 
The Company refers to “Resort” as the combination of the Mountain and Lodging segments. 

In  the  Mountain  segment,  the  Company  operates  the  following  41  destination  mountain  resorts  and  regional  ski  areas, 
(collectively, “Resorts”):

*Denotes  a  destination  mountain  resort,  which  generally  receives  a  meaningful  portion  of  skier  visits  from  long-distance 
travelers,  as  opposed  to  the  Company’s  regional  ski  areas,  which  tend  to  generate  skier  visits  predominantly  from  their 
respective local markets. 

Additionally,  the  Mountain  segment  includes  ancillary  services,  primarily  including  ski  school,  dining  and  retail/rental 
operations, and for the Company’s Australian ski areas, including lodging and transportation operations. Several of the resorts 
located in the United States (“U.S.”) operate primarily on federal land under the terms of Special Use Permits granted by the 
U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture  Forest  Service.  The  operations  of  Whistler  Blackcomb  are  conducted  on  land  owned  by  the 
government of the Province of British Columbia, Canada within the traditional territory of the Squamish and Lil’wat Nations. 
The operations of the Company’s Australian ski areas are conducted pursuant to long-term leases and licenses on land owned 
by  the  governments  of  New  South  Wales  and  Victoria,  Australia.  A  portion  of  the  operations  of  Andermatt-Sedrun  are 
conducted  on  land  owned  by  the  Swiss  Confederation,  for  which  operations  are  conducted  under  leasehold  agreements  and 
pursuant to a personal easement on land owned by the municipality of Tujetsch. Okemo, Mount Sunapee and Stowe operate on 
land leased from the respective states in which the resorts are located and on land owned by the Company.

In  the  Lodging  segment,  the  Company  owns  and/or  manages  a  collection  of  luxury  hotels  and  condominiums  under  its 
RockResorts  brand;  other  strategic  lodging  properties  and  a  large  number  of  condominiums  located  in  proximity  to  the 
Company’s  North  American  mountain  resorts;  National  Park  Service  (“NPS”)  concessioner  properties  including  the  Grand 
Teton  Lodge  Company,  which  operates  destination  resorts  in  Grand  Teton  National  Park;  a  Colorado  resort  ground 
transportation company and mountain resort golf courses.

The  Company’s  Real  Estate  segment  primarily  owns,  develops  and  sells  real  estate  in  and  around  the  Company’s  resort 
communities.

The  Company’s  mountain  business  and  its  lodging  properties  at  or  around  the  Company’s  mountain  resorts  are  seasonal  in 
nature,  and  typically  experience  their  peak  operating  seasons  primarily  from  mid-December  through  mid-April  in  North 

67

America  and  Europe.  The  peak  operating  season  at  the  Company’s  Australian  resorts,  NPS  concessioner  properties  and  golf 
courses generally occurs from June to early October.

2.

 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation — The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and 
its  consolidated  subsidiaries  for  which  the  Company  has  a  controlling  financial  interest.  Investments  in  which  the  Company 
does  not  have  a  controlling  financial  interest,  but  has  significant  influence,  are  accounted  for  under  the  equity  method.  All 
significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at 
the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash — The Company considers cash to be restricted when withdrawal or general use is legally restricted.

Accounts Receivable — The Company records trade accounts receivable in the normal course of business related to the sale of 
products  or  services.  The  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  based  on  a  specific  reserve  analysis  and  on  a  percentage  of 
accounts  receivable  and  takes  into  consideration  such  factors  as  historical  write-offs,  the  economic  climate  and  other  factors 
that could affect collectability. Write-offs are evaluated on a case by case basis.

Inventories — The Company’s inventories consist primarily of purchased retail goods, food and beverage items and spare parts. 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, determined using primarily an average weighted cost method. 
The Company records a reserve for estimated shrinkage and obsolete or unusable inventory.

Property, Plant and Equipment — Property, plant and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and 
maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life 
are capitalized. When property, plant and equipment is retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in 
income from operations. Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining 
lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method, including property, plant 
and equipment under finance leases, generally based on the following useful lives:

Land improvements
Buildings and building improvements
Machinery and equipment
Furniture and fixtures
Software
Vehicles

Estimated Life
in Years
10-35
7-30
2-30
3-10
3
3-10

Real Estate Held for Sale or Investment — The Company capitalizes as real estate held for sale or investment the original land 
acquisition  cost,  direct  construction  and  development  costs,  property  taxes  and  interest  paid  related  to  real  estate  under 
development and other related costs. Sales and marketing expenses are charged against income in the period incurred. 

Deferred Financing Costs — Certain costs incurred with the issuance of debt and debt securities are capitalized and included as 
a reduction in the net carrying value of long-term debt, net of accumulated amortization, with the exception of costs incurred 
related to line-of-credit arrangements, which are included in deferred charges and other assets, net of accumulated amortization. 
Amortization of such deferred financing costs are recorded to interest expense, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements 
of Operations over the respective term of the applicable debt instruments. When debt is extinguished prior to its maturity date, 
the  amortization  of  the  remaining  unamortized  deferred  financing  costs,  or  pro-rata  portion  thereof,  is  charged  to  loss  on 
extinguishment of debt.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets — The Company has classified as goodwill the cost in excess of estimated fair value of the net 
assets  of  businesses  acquired  in  purchase  transactions.  The  Company’s  major  intangible  asset  classes  are  trademarks,  water 
rights,  customer  lists,  property  management  contracts  and  Forest  Service  permits.  Goodwill  and  various  indefinite-lived 
intangible assets, including certain trademarks, water rights and certain property management contracts, are not amortized but 
are  subject  to  at  least  annual  impairment  testing.  The  Company  tests  these  non-amortizing  assets  annually  (or  more  often,  if 

68

  
necessary) for impairment as of May 1. Amortizable intangible assets are amortized over the shorter of their contractual terms 
or estimated useful lives.

For the testing of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the Company may perform a qualitative 
analysis to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset 
exceeds  the  carrying  amount,  which  includes  an  evaluation  as  to  whether  there  have  been  significant  changes  to  macro-
economic  factors  related  to  the  reporting  unit  or  intangible  asset  that  could  materially  impact  fair  value.  If  it  is  determined, 
based on qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit or indefinite-lived intangible asset is more likely than not 
less than carrying amount, or if significant changes to macro-economic factors related to the reporting unit or intangible asset 
have  occurred  that  could  materially  impact  estimated  fair  values  since  the  previous  quantitative  analysis  was  performed,  a 
quantitative impairment test would be required, in which the Company would determine the estimated fair value of its reporting 
units using discounted cash flow analyses and determine the estimated fair value of its indefinite-lived intangible assets using 
an income approach. The quantitative test for impairment consists of a comparison of the estimated fair value of the assets with 
their respective net carrying values. If the net carrying amount of the assets exceed their respective estimated fair values, an 
impairment loss would be recognized for indefinite-lived intangibles, including goodwill, in an amount equal to that excess. If 
the net carrying amount of the assets does not exceed their respective estimated fair values, no impairment loss is recognized. 
The Company determined that there were no impairments of goodwill or definite and indefinite-lived assets for the years ended 
July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. 

Long-Lived Assets — The Company evaluates potential impairment of long-lived assets and long-lived assets to be disposed of 
whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the  net  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  group  may  not  be  fully 
recoverable. If the sum of the expected cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, is less than the net carrying amount of the asset 
group,  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized  in  the  amount  by  which  the  net  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  group  exceeds  its 
estimated fair value. The Company determined that there were no impairments of long-lived assets for the years ended July 31, 
2023, 2022 and 2021.

Revenue  Recognition  —  The  Company’s  significant  accounting  policies  with  regard  to  revenue  recognition  are  discussed  in 
Note 3, Revenues.

Real Estate Cost of Sales — Costs of real estate transactions include direct project costs, common cost allocations (primarily 
determined  on  relative  sales  value)  and  sales  commission  expense.  The  Company  utilizes  the  relative  sales  value  method  to 
determine cost of sales for condominium units sold within a project when specific identification of costs cannot be reasonably 
determined. 

Foreign Currency Translation — The functional currency of the Company’s entities operating outside of the United States is 
the  principal  currency  of  the  economic  environment  in  which  the  entity  primarily  generates  and  expends  cash,  which  is 
generally the local currency. The assets and liabilities of these foreign operations are translated at the exchange rate in effect as 
of the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated using the weighted average exchange rate for the period. 
Translation  adjustments  from  currency  exchange,  including  intercompany  transactions  of  a  long-term  nature,  are  recorded  in 
accumulated  other  comprehensive  (loss)  income  as  a  separate  component  of  stockholders’  equity.  Intercompany  transactions 
that are not of a long-term nature are reported as gains and losses within “segment operating expense” and for intercompany 
loans within “foreign currency (loss) gain on intercompany loans” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Reserve Estimates — The Company uses estimates to record reserves for certain liabilities, including medical claims, workers’ 
compensation  claims,  third-party  loss  contingencies  and  property  taxes,  among  other  items.  The  Company  estimates  the 
probable costs related to these liabilities that will be incurred and records that amount as a liability in its Consolidated Financial 
Statements. Additionally, the Company records, as applicable, receivables related to insurance recoveries for loss contingencies 
if  deemed  probable  of  recovery.  These  estimates  are  reviewed  and  adjusted  as  the  facts  and  circumstances  change.  The 
Company records legal costs related to defending claims as incurred.

Advertising Costs — Advertising costs are expensed at the time such advertising commences. Advertising expense for the years 
ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $47.2 million, $47.7 million and $38.6 million, respectively, and was recorded within 
Mountain and Lodging operating expense on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. 

Income Taxes — Income tax expense includes U.S. tax (federal and state) and foreign income taxes. The Company’s provision 
for income taxes is based on pre-tax income, changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities and changes in estimates with regard 
to  uncertain  tax  positions.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recorded  for  the  estimated  future  tax  effects  of  temporary 
differences  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  amounts  reported  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance 
Sheets and for operating loss and tax credit carrybacks or carryforwards. The change in deferred tax assets and liabilities for the 

69

period  measures  the  deferred  tax  provision  or  benefit  for  the  period.  Effects  of  changes  in  enacted  tax  laws  on  deferred  tax 
assets  and  liabilities  are  reflected  as  adjustments  to  the  tax  provision  or  benefit  in  the  period  of  enactment.  The  Company’s 
deferred tax assets have been reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent it is deemed to be more likely than not that some or 
all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-
step  process.  The  first  step  is  to  evaluate  the  tax  position  for  recognition  by  determining  if  the  weight  of  available  evidence 
indicates  that  it  is  “more-likely-than-not”  to  be  sustained,  on  audit,  including  resolution  of  related  appeals  or  litigation 
processes, if any. The second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the largest tax benefit that is cumulatively 
greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Interest and penalties accrued in connection with uncertain 
tax positions are recognized as a component of income tax expense. See Note 10, Income Taxes, for more information.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments — The estimated fair values of the 6.25% Notes and the 0.0% Convertible Notes (each as 
defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt) are based on quoted market prices (a Level 2 input). The estimated fair value of the EPR 
Secured Notes (as defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt) has been estimated using an analysis based on current borrowing rates 
for  debt  with  similar  remaining  maturities  and  ratings  (a  Level  2  input).  The  carrying  values,  including  any  unamortized 
premium  or  discount,  and  estimated  fair  values  of  the  6.25%  Notes,  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  and  EPR  Secured  Notes  as  of 
July 31, 2023 are presented below (in thousands):

6.25% Notes
0.0% Convertible Notes

EPR Secured Notes

July 31, 2023

Carrying Value

Estimated Fair Value

$ 

$ 

$ 

600,000  $ 

575,000  $ 

132,503  $ 

602,544 

510,134 

174,854 

The  recorded  amount  of  the  Company’s  NRP  Loan  (as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term  Debt),  which  was  assumed  by  the 
Company during the year ended July 31, 2023, approximates fair value as the debt obligation was recorded at estimated fair 
value in conjunction with the preliminary purchase accounting for the Andermatt-Sedrun acquisition (see Note 7, Acquisitions) 
and there has been no significant change in underlying rates. The recorded amounts for all current asset, current liability and 
other financial liability balances not included in the above table approximate fair value due to their short-term nature or variable 
nature of associated interest rates.

Stock-Based Compensation — Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based upon the estimated fair 
value of the award and is recognized as expense over the applicable vesting period of the award generally using the straight-line 
method (see Note 14, Stock Compensation Plan, for more information), less the amount of forfeited awards which are recorded 
as they occur. The following table shows total net stock-based compensation expense for the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 
and 2021 included on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands): 

Mountain stock-based compensation expense
Lodging stock-based compensation expense
Real Estate stock-based compensation expense
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense

Less: benefit from income taxes

Net stock-based compensation expense

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

21,242  $ 
3,972   
195   
25,409   
5,951   
19,458  $ 

20,892  $ 
3,737   
256   
24,885   
6,189   
18,696  $ 

20,311 
3,783 
301 
24,395 
5,871 
18,524 

Concentration of Credit Risk — The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist 
primarily  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash.  The  Company  places  its  cash  and  temporary  cash  investments  in 
accounts with high-quality credit institutions. The Company does not enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative 
purposes.  Concentration  of  credit  risk  with  respect  to  accounts  and  notes  receivables  is  limited  due  to  the  wide  variety  of 
customers and markets in which the Company conducts business, as well as their dispersion across many geographical areas. 
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral, but does require 
advance deposits on certain transactions.

Accounting for Hedging Instruments — From time to time, the Company enters into interest rate swaps to hedge the variability 
in  cash  flows  associated  with  variable-rate  borrowings  by  converting  the  floating  interest  rate  to  a  fixed  interest  rate  (the 
“Interest Rate Swaps”). As of July 31, 2023, the Company hedged the future cash flows associated with $400.0 million of the 
principal  amount  outstanding  of  its  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  (as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term  Debt),  which  were 

70

 
  
 
 
 
 
designated as cash flow hedges. The accounting for changes in fair value of hedging instruments depends on the effectiveness 
of the hedge. In order to qualify for hedge accounting, the underlying hedged item must expose the Company to risks associated 
with  market  fluctuations  and  the  financial  instrument  used  must  reduce  the  Company’s  exposure  to  market  fluctuation 
throughout  the  hedge  period.  Changes  in  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Interest  Rate  Swaps  are  recorded  within  change  in 
estimated fair value of hedging instruments, net of tax, on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, 
and such change was recorded as a gain of $3.7 million, $18.9 million and $12.8 million during the years ended July 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021, respectively. Amounts are reclassified into interest expense, net from other comprehensive income during the 
period  in  which  the  hedged  item  affects  earnings.  During  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  gains  (losses)  of 
$11.0  million,  $(4.3)  million  and  $(5.4)  million,  respectively,  were  reclassified  into  interest  expense,  net  from  other 
comprehensive income. See Note 9, Fair Value Measurements, for more information.

Leases — The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception or modification of the arrangement. An 
arrangement is or contains a lease if there is one or more assets identified and the right to control the use of any identified asset 
is  conveyed  to  the  Company  for  a  period  of  time  in  exchange  for  consideration.  Control  over  the  use  of  an  identified  asset 
means the lessee has both the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the asset and the right to 
direct the use of the asset. Generally, the Company classifies a lease as a finance lease if the terms of the agreement effectively 
transfer control of the underlying asset; otherwise, it is classified as an operating lease. For contracts that contain lease and non-
lease components, the Company accounts for these components separately. For leases with terms greater than twelve months, 
the  associated  lease  right-of-use  (“ROU”)  assets  and  lease  liabilities  are  recognized  at  the  estimated  present  value  of  future 
lease  payments  over  the  lease  term  at  commencement  date.  The  Company’s  leases  do  not  provide  a  readily  determinable 
implicit  rate;  therefore,  the  Company  uses  an  estimated  incremental  borrowing  rate  to  discount  the  future  minimum  lease 
payments.  For  leases  containing  fixed  rental  escalation  clauses,  the  escalators  are  factored  into  the  determination  of  future 
minimum lease payments. The Company includes options to extend a lease when it is reasonably certain that such options will 
be exercised. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See Note 4, 
Leases, for more information.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of 
revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Adopted Standards

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, 
“Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” The ASU 
provides  optional  transition  guidance,  for  a  limited  time,  to  companies  that  have  contracts,  hedging  relationships  or  other 
transactions that reference the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate which is expected to be 
discontinued  because  of  reference  rate  reform.  The  amendments  provide  optional  expedients  and  exceptions  for  applying 
GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions if certain criteria are met. The amendments of ASU 2020-04 
were effective as of March 12, 2020. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): 
Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848,” which extended the effective date of the provisions of ASU 2020-04 to December 
31, 2024. The amendments in this update may be applied as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or 
is subsequent to March 12, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 
12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued.

The Company is party to various interest rate swap agreements that hedge the variable interest rate component of underlying 
cash  flows  of  $400.0  million  in  principal  amount  of  its  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  (as  defined  in  Note  6,  Long-Term 
Debt),  which  are  designated  as  cash  flow  hedges.  During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2023,  the  Company  entered  into  an 
amendment to its Vail Holdings Credit Agreement (the “Fifth Amendment”) to modify the calculation of interest under the Vail 
Holdings  Credit  Agreement  from  being  calculated  based  on  LIBOR  to  being  calculated  based  on  the  Secured  Overnight 
Financing Rate (“SOFR”). See Note 6, Long-Term Debt, for additional information. Subsequent to the Fifth Amendment, the 
interest rate swaps were also amended to transition from a hedge of LIBOR-based cash flows to a hedge of SOFR-based cash 
flows.  The  Company  elected  certain  optional  expedients  provided  by  Topic  848,  which  allowed  the  Company  to  not  apply 
certain  modification  accounting  requirements  or  reassess  the  previous  accounting  designation  of  the  interest  rate  swap 
agreements as cash flow hedges.

71

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own 
Equity”  which  simplifies  the  accounting  related  to  certain  convertible  debt  instruments.  The  guidance  removes  certain  rules 
which required separation of the embedded conversion features from the host contract for convertible instruments. The updated 
guidance  requires  bifurcation  only  if  the  convertible  debt  feature  qualifies  as  a  derivative  under  ASC  815,  “Derivatives  and 
Hedging”,  or  for  convertible  debt  issued  at  a  substantial  premium.  The  guidance  also  amends  the  guidance  in  ASC  815-40, 
“Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently 
accounted for as derivatives. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim 
periods within those fiscal years (the Company’s first quarter of the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023). This standard allows for a 
modified  retrospective  or  fully  retrospective  method  of  transition.  The  Company  adopted  ASU  2020-06  on  August  1,  2022 
using the modified retrospective method, and therefore prior period financial information has not been retrospectively adjusted 
and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.

Upon adoption of the standard, the Company reclassified the previously bifurcated equity component of its 0.0% Convertible 
Notes (as defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt) to long-term debt, net, as the convertible option on the 0.0% Convertible Notes 
does  not  qualify  as  a  derivative  under  ASC  815  nor  were  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  issued  at  a  substantial  premium.  This 
reclassification was partially offset by an increase to retained earnings to reverse the previously recognized non-cash interest 
expense, net of tax that had been recorded as a result of amortization of the previously recorded debt discount. The adoption of 
this new guidance eliminates the recognition of non-cash interest expense in future periods due to the elimination of the debt 
discount.

The impact of adoption of ASU 2020-06 on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of the adoption date was as follows 
(in thousands):

Balance Sheet

Liabilities

Long-term debt, net

Deferred income taxes, net

Stockholders’ equity

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Balances without the 
Adoption of ASU 2020-06

Adjustments

Balances with the adoption of 
ASU 2020-06

As of August 1, 2022

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2,670,300  $ 

268,464  $ 

1,184,577  $ 

895,889  $ 

74,822  $ 

(18,779) $ 

(80,066) $ 

24,023  $ 

2,745,122 

249,685 

1,104,511 

919,912 

ASU  2020-06  also  prohibits  the  use  of  the  treasury  stock  method  for  convertible  instruments  for  the  purposes  of  calculating 
diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) and instead requires application of the if-converted method. Under the if-converted method, 
diluted EPS will generally be calculated assuming that all of the convertible debt instruments were converted solely into shares 
of common stock at the beginning of the reporting period unless the result would be anti-dilutive. Pursuant to the terms of the 
0.0%  Convertible  Notes,  the  principal  amount  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  is  required  to  be  paid  in  cash  and  only  the 
premium  due  upon  conversion,  if  any,  is  permitted  to  be  settled  in  shares,  cash  or  a  combination  of  shares  and  cash. 
Consequently, for the Company the if-converted method would produce a similar result as the treasury stock method, which 
was utilized for the calculation of diluted EPS prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06 for the 0.0% Convertible Notes.

3. 

 Revenues

Revenue Recognition

The  following  provides  information  about  the  Company’s  composition  of  revenue  recognized  from  contracts  with  customers 
and other revenues, the performance obligations under those contracts, and the significant judgments made in accounting for 
those contracts:

• Mountain  revenue  is  derived  from  a  wide  variety  of  sources,  including,  among  other  things:  lift  revenue,  which 
includes sales of lift tickets and pass products; ski school revenue, which includes the revenue derived from ski school 
operations;  dining  revenue,  which  includes  both  casual  and  fine  dining  on-mountain  operations;  retail  sales  and 
equipment rentals; and other on-mountain revenue, which includes private ski club revenue (which includes both club 
dues and amortization of initiation fees), marketing and internet advertising revenue, municipal services and lodging 
and  transportation  operations  at  the  Company’s  Australian  ski  areas.  The  Company  also  includes  other  sources  of 
revenue, primarily related to commercial leasing and employee housing leasing arrangements, within other mountain 
revenue. Revenue is recognized over time as performance obligations are satisfied as control of the good or service 

72

(e.g. access to ski areas, provision of ski school services, etc.) is transferred to the customer, except for the Company’s 
retail sales and dining operations revenues which are recognized at a point in time when performance obligations are 
satisfied  by  transferring  control  of  the  underlying  goods  to  the  customer.  The  Company  records  deferred  revenue 
primarily related to the sale of pass products. Deferred revenue is generally recognized throughout the ski season as the 
Company’s performance obligations are satisfied as control of the service (e.g. access to ski areas throughout the ski 
season)  is  transferred  to  the  customer.  In  accordance  with  Topic  606,  the  Company  estimates  progress  towards 
satisfaction  of  its  performance  obligations  using  an  output  method  that  best  depicts  the  transfer  of  control  of  the 
service to its customers.

Historically,  the  output  method  utilized  by  the  Company  measured  progress  toward  satisfaction  of  the  Company’s 
performance obligations based on the estimated number of pass product holder visits relative to total expected visits, 
based  on  historical  data,  which  the  Company  believed  to  provide  a  faithful  depiction  of  its  customers’  pass  product 
usage. When sufficient historical data to determine usage patterns was not available, such as in the case of new product 
offerings,  progress  was  measured  on  a  straight-line  basis  throughout  the  ski  season  until  sufficient  historical  usage 
patterns  were  available.  Beginning  August  1,  2021,  progress  towards  satisfaction  of  the  Company’s  performance 
obligations  for  all  passes  is  measured  using  an  output  method  based  on  the  skiable  days  of  the  season,  which 
effectively results in revenue being recorded on a straight-line basis throughout the ski season. Total estimated skiable 
days is based on actual resort opening and estimated closing dates. The Company believes this method best estimates 
the value transferred to the customer relative to the remaining services promised under the contract. Due to the strong 
correlation between historical pass product usage and skiable days, the change in the Company’s method of estimating 
progress  toward  satisfaction  of  the  performance  obligation  alone  does  not  have  a  material  effect  on  the  recognition 
pattern of pass product revenue.

Epic Coverage is included with the purchase of all pass products for no additional charge, and offers refunds if certain 
personal or resort closure events occur before or during the ski season. The estimated amount of refunds reduce the 
amount of pass product revenue recognized by the Company, and is remeasured at each reporting date.

Epic  Mountain  Rewards  provides  pass  product  holders  a  discount  on  ancillary  purchases  at  the  Company’s  North 
American owned and operated Resorts. Epic Mountain Rewards constitutes an option to purchase additional products 
and  services  at  a  discount,  and  as  a  result,  the  Company  allocates  a  portion  of  the  pass  product  transaction  price  to 
these other lines of business.

•

•

Lodging revenue is derived from a wide variety of sources, including, among other things: revenue from owned hotel 
rooms  and  managed  hotel  rooms;  revenue  from  hotel  dining  operations;  transportation  revenue  which  relates  to  the 
Company’s  Colorado  resort  ground  transportation  operations;  and  other  lodging  revenue  which  includes  property 
management services, managed properties other costs reimbursements, private golf club revenue (which includes both 
club  dues  and  amortization  of  initiation  fees)  and  golf  course  fees.  Lodging  revenue  also  includes  managed  hotel 
property  payroll  cost  reimbursements  related  to  payroll  costs  at  managed  properties  where  the  Company  is  the 
employer,  which  are  reimbursed  by  the  owner  with  no  added  margin.  Therefore,  these  revenues  and  corresponding 
expenses  have  no  net  effect  on  the  Company’s  operating  income  or  net  income.  Other  than  revenue  from  dining 
operations, lodging revenue is mostly recognized over time as performance obligations are satisfied as control of the 
service (e.g. nightly hotel room access) is transferred to the customer.

Real  estate  revenue  primarily  relates  to  the  sale  of  development  land  parcels.  Real  estate  revenue  is  generally 
recognized at a point in time when performance obligations have been satisfied, which is usually upon closing of the 
sales transaction and in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled.

For certain contracts that have an original term length of one year or less, the Company uses the practical expedient applicable 
to such contracts and does not consider the time value of money. For contracts with an expected term in excess of one year, the 
Company has considered the provisions of Topic 606 in determining whether contracts contain a financing component. Taxes 
collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are generally excluded from revenue on the accompanying 
Consolidated Statements of Operations.

73

Disaggregation of Revenues

The following table presents net revenues disaggregated by segment and major revenue type for the years ended July 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

Mountain net revenue:

Lift

Ski School

Dining

Retail/Rental

Other

Total Mountain net revenue

Lodging net revenue:

Owned hotel rooms

Managed condominium rooms

Dining 

Transportation

Golf

Other

Payroll cost reimbursements

Total Lodging net revenue 

Total Resort net revenue

Total Real Estate net revenue

Total net revenue

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

1,420,900  $ 

1,310,213  $ 

1,076,578 

287,275 

224,642 

361,484 

246,605 

223,645 

163,705 

311,768 

203,783 

144,227 

92,186 

227,993 

161,814 

$ 

2,540,906  $ 

2,213,114  $ 

1,702,798 

$ 

80,117  $ 

80,579  $ 

96,785 

62,445 

15,242 

12,737 

55,816 

323,142 

17,251 

97,704 

48,569 

16,021 

10,975 

46,500 

300,348 

11,742 

47,509 

72,217 

17,211 

9,271 

9,373 

43,008 

198,589 

6,553 

$ 

$ 

340,393  $ 

312,090  $ 

205,142 

2,881,299  $ 

2,525,204  $ 

1,907,940 

8,065 

708 

1,770 

$ 

2,889,364  $ 

2,525,912  $ 

1,909,710 

Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations

Several  of  the  Company’s  contracts  with  customers  include  multiple  performance  obligations,  primarily  related  to  bundled 
services such as ski school packages, lodging packages and events (e.g. weddings and conferences). For such contracts, revenue 
is allocated to each distinct and separate performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The standalone 
selling prices are generally based on observable prices charged to customers or estimated based on historical experience and 
information.

Contract Balances

Contract  liabilities  are  recorded  primarily  as  deferred  revenues  when  payments  are  received  or  due  in  advance  of  the 
Company’s  performance,  including  amounts  which  may  be  refundable.  The  deferred  revenue  balance  is  primarily  related  to 
accounts receivable or cash payments recorded in advance of satisfying the Company’s performance obligations related to sales 
of  pass  products  prior  to  the  start  of  the  ski  season,  private  club  initiation  fees  and  other  related  advance  purchase  products, 
including  advance  purchase  lift  tickets,  multiple-day  lift  tickets,  ski  school  lessons,  equipment  rentals  and  lodging  advance 
deposits.  Due  to  the  seasonality  of  the  Company’s  operations,  its  largest  deferred  revenue  balances  occur  during  the  North 
American pass product selling window, which generally begins in the third quarter of its fiscal year. Deferred revenue balances 
of a short-term nature were $572.6 million and $511.3 million as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the year ended 
July 31, 2023, the Company recognized approximately $486.5 million of net revenue that was included in the deferred revenue 
balance as of July 31, 2022. Deferred revenue balances of a long-term nature, comprised primarily of long-term private club 
initiation fee revenue, were $109.7 million and $117.2 million as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of July 31, 2023, 
the weighted average remaining period over which revenue for unsatisfied performance obligations on long-term private club 
contracts will be recognized was approximately 15 years. 

Contract  assets  are  recorded  as  trade  receivables  when  the  right  to  consideration  is  unconditional.  Trade  receivable  balances 
were  $381.1  million  and  $383.4  million  as  of  July  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively.  Payments  from  customers  are  based  on 
billing terms established in the contracts with customers, which vary by the type of customer, the location and the products or 

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and 
customer  types,  contracts  require  payment  before  the  products  are  delivered  or  services  are  provided  to  the  customer. 
Impairment losses related to contract assets are recognized through the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts analysis. 
Contract asset write-offs are evaluated on an individual basis.

Costs to Obtain Contracts with Customers

The Company expects that credit card fees and sales commissions paid in order to obtain season ski pass products contracts are 
recoverable. Accordingly, the Company records these amounts as assets when they are paid prior to the start of the ski season. 

As of July 31, 2023, $5.1 million of costs to obtain contracts with customers were recorded within other current assets on the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. Deferred credit card fees and sales commissions are amortized commensurate with the 
recognition of pass product revenue. The Company recorded amortization of $25.2 million, $22.1 million and $17.8 million for 
these  costs  during  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  respectively,  which  were  recorded  within  Mountain  and 
Lodging operating expense on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Utilizing the practical expedient provided for under Topic 606, the Company has elected to expense credit card fees and sales 
commissions related to non-pass products and services as incurred, as the amortization period is generally one year or less for 
the time between customer purchase and utilization. These fees are recorded within Mountain and Lodging operating expense 
on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

4. 

 Leases

The  Company’s  operating  leases  consist  primarily  of  commercial  and  retail  space,  office  space,  employee  residential  units, 
vehicles  and  other  equipment.  The  Company  determines  if  an  arrangement  is  or  contains  a  lease  at  contract  inception  or 
modification. The Company’s lease contracts generally range from 1 year to 60 years, with some lease contracts containing one 
or more lease extension options, exercisable at the Company’s discretion. The Company generally does not include these lease 
extension options in the initial lease term as it is not reasonably certain that it will exercise such options at contract inception. In 
addition,  certain  lease  arrangements  contain  fixed  and  variable  lease  payments.  The  variable  lease  payments  are  primarily 
contingent  rental  payments  based  on:  (i)  a  percentage  of  revenue  related  to  the  leased  property;  (ii)  payments  based  on  a 
percentage  of  sales  over  contractual  levels;  or  (iii)  lease  payments  adjusted  for  changes  in  an  index  or  market  value.  These 
variable lease payments are typically recognized when the underlying event occurs and are included in operating expenses on 
the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations in the same line item as the expense arising from the respective fixed 
lease payments. The Company’s lease agreements may also include non-lease components, such as common area maintenance 
and insurance, which are accounted for separately. Future lease payments that are contingent or represent non-lease components 
are  not  included  in  the  measurement  of  the  operating  lease  liability.  The  Company’s  lease  agreements  do  not  contain  any 
material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. Lease expense related to lease payments is recognized on a straight-
line basis over the term of the lease.

The Company’s leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. As a result, the Company measures the lease liability 
using  an  estimated  incremental  borrowing  rate  which  is  intended  to  reflect  the  rate  of  interest  the  Company  would  pay  on  a 
collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. The Company applies the estimated 
incremental borrowing rates at a portfolio level based on the economic environment associated with the lease.

The  Company  uses  the  long-lived  assets  impairment  guidance  to  determine  recognition  and  measurement  of  an  ROU  asset 
impairment, if any. The Company monitors for events or changes in circumstances that require a reassessment.

75

The components of lease expense for the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Finance leases:

Amortization of the finance ROU assets

Interest on lease liabilities 

Operating leases:

Operating lease expense
Short-term lease expense (1)
Variable lease expense 

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

11,701  $ 

40,098  $ 

45,385  $ 

22,759  $ 

3,204  $ 

9,011  $ 

35,881  $ 

43,295  $ 

15,614  $ 

2,309  $ 

9,753 

34,612 

43,418 

13,638 

1,660 

(1)  Short-term  lease  expense  is  attributable  to  leases  with  terms  of  12  months  or  less  which  are  not  included  within  the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents the supplemental cash flow information associated with the Company’s leasing activities for the 
years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

Cash flow supplemental information:

Operating cash outflows for operating and short-term 
leases 
Operating cash outflows for lease- and non-lease 
components of finance leases

Non-cash supplemental information:

Operating ROU assets obtained in exchange for 
operating lease obligations 
Finance ROU assets obtained in exchange for finance 
lease obligations

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

65,216  $ 

59,818  $ 

54,788  $ 

37,573  $ 

56,942 

31,429 

30,342  $ 

23,190  $ 

12,615 

39,114  $ 

—  $ 

— 

Weighted-average remaining lease terms and discount rates as of July 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)

Operating leases
Finance leases 

Weighted-average discount rate 

Operating leases

Finance leases 

July 31, 2023

July 31, 2022

9.2
37.6

 4.9 %

 9.9 %

9.8
40.9

 4.6 %

 10.0 %

76

Future fixed lease payments for operating and finance leases as of July 31, 2023 reflected by fiscal year (August 1 through July 
31) are as follows (in thousands):

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter

Total future minimum lease payments 

Less amount representing interest 

Total lease liabilities 

Operating Leases 

Finance Leases 

$ 

49,012  $ 

45,707 

41,424 

26,573 

18,454 

86,149 

267,319 

(62,089)   

205,230  $ 

$ 

35,000 

35,506 

35,824 

36,025 

35,991 

1,724,517 

1,902,863 

(1,500,805) 

402,058 

The current portion of operating lease liabilities of approximately $36.9 million and $34.2 million as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, 
respectively,  is  recorded  within  accounts  payables  and  accrued  liabilities  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets. 
Finance lease liabilities are recorded within long-term debt, net in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Canyons finance lease obligation was $363.4 million and $357.6 million as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which 
represents  the  estimated  annual  fixed  lease  payments  for  the  remaining  initial  50  year  term  of  the  lease  assuming  annual 
increases  at  the  floor  of  2%  and  discounted  using  an  interest  rate  of  10%.  As  of  July  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively,  the 
Company has recorded $90.2 million and $99.0 million of net finance lease ROU assets in connection with the Canyons lease, 
net of $93.4 million and $84.6 million of accumulated amortization, which is included within property, plant and equipment, 
net in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

During the year ended July 31, 2023, the Company entered into new finance lease agreements for employee housing units at 
Whistler  Blackcomb,  for  which  the  finance  lease  obligation  was  $29.5  million  as  of  July  31,  2023,  which  represents  the 
minimum lease payments for the remaining initial 20 year term of the lease, net of amounts representing interest, discounted 
using an interest rate of 6.95%. As of July 31, 2023, the Company has recorded $27.5 million of net finance lease ROU assets 
in connection with these leases, net of $1.1 million of accumulated amortization, which is included within property, plant and 
equipment, net in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

5. 

Net Income per Common Share

Earnings per Share

Basic  earnings  per  share  (“EPS”)  excludes  dilution  and  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  attributable  to  Vail  Resorts 
stockholders  by  the  weighted-average  shares  outstanding  during  the  period.  Diluted  EPS  reflects  the  potential  dilution  that 
could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, resulting in the issuance of shares of common 
stock that would then share in the earnings of Vail Resorts.

In connection with the Company’s acquisition of Whistler Blackcomb in October 2016, the Company issued consideration in 
the form of shares of Vail Resorts common stock (the “Vail Shares”), redeemable preferred shares of the Company’s wholly-
owned  Canadian  subsidiary  Whistler  Blackcomb  Holdings  Inc.  (“Exchangeco”)  or  cash  (or  a  combination  thereof).  Whistler 
Blackcomb  shareholders  elected  to  receive  3,327,719  Vail  Shares  and  418,095  shares  of  Exchangeco  (the  “Exchangeco 
Shares”).  The  Exchangeco  Shares  could  be  redeemed  for  Vail  Shares  at  any  time  until  October  2023  or  until  the  Company 
elected  to  convert  any  remaining  Exchangeco  Shares  to  Vail  Shares,  which  the  Company  had  the  ability  to  do  once  total 
Exchangeco  Shares  outstanding  fell  below  20,904  shares  (or  5%  of  the  total  Exchangeco  Shares  originally  issued).  In  July 
2022, the number of outstanding Exchangeco Shares fell below such threshold and on August 25, 2022, the Company elected to 
redeem  all  outstanding  Exchangeco  Shares,  effective  September  26,  2022.  As  of  July  31,  2023,  all  Exchangeco  Shares  have 
been exchanged for Vail Shares. Both Vail Shares and Exchangeco Shares have a par value of $0.01 per share, and Exchangeco 
Shares, while they were outstanding, were substantially the economic equivalent of the Vail Shares. The Company’s calculation 
of weighted-average shares outstanding includes the Exchangeco Shares.

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Presented  below  is  basic  and  diluted  EPS  for  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021  (in  thousands,  except  per  share 
amounts):

Net income per share:
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts

Weighted-average Vail Shares outstanding

Weighted-average Exchangeco shares outstanding

Total Weighted-average shares outstanding

Effect of dilutive securities

Total shares

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

Basic

Diluted

Basic

Diluted

Basic

Diluted

$  268,148  $  268,148  $  347,923  $  347,923  $  127,850  $  127,850 

39,654   

39,654   

40,433   

40,433   

40,266   

40,266 

—   

—   

32   

32   

35   

35 

39,654   

39,654   

40,465   

40,465   

40,301   

40,301 

—   

106   

—   

222   

—   

527 

39,654   

39,760   

40,465   

40,687   

40,301   

40,828 

Net income per share attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. $ 

6.76  $ 

6.74  $ 

8.60  $ 

8.55  $ 

3.17  $ 

3.13 

The Company computes the effect of dilutive securities using the treasury stock method and average market prices during the 
period.  The  number  of  shares  issuable  upon  the  exercise  of  share-based  awards  that  were  excluded  from  the  calculation  of 
diluted EPS because the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive totaled approximately 22,000, 6,000 and 2,000 
for the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

In December 2020, the Company completed an offering of $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% Convertible 
Notes (as defined in Note 6, Long-Term Debt). The Company is required to settle the principal amount of the 0.0% Convertible 
Notes in cash and has the option to settle the conversion spread in cash or shares. The Company uses the if-converted method to 
calculate the impact of convertible instruments on diluted EPS when the instruments may be settled in cash or shares. If the 
conversion value of the 0.0% Convertible Notes exceeds their conversion price, then the Company will calculate its diluted EPS 
as if all the notes were converted into common stock at the beginning of the period. However, if reflecting the 0.0% Convertible 
Notes in diluted EPS in this manner is anti-dilutive, or if the conversion value of the notes does not exceed their conversion 
price for a reporting period, then the shares underlying the notes will not be reflected in the Company’s calculation of diluted 
EPS.  For  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  the  price  of  Vail  Shares  did  not  exceed  the  conversion  price  and 
therefore there was no impact to diluted EPS during those periods.

Dividends

During  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  Company  paid  cash  dividends  of  $7.94  per  share  and  $5.58  per  share, 
respectively ($314.4 million and $225.8 million, respectively, including cash dividends paid to Exchangeco shareholders). The 
Company did not pay cash dividends during the year ended July 31, 2021. On September 27, 2023, the Company’s Board of 
Directors approved a cash dividend of $2.06 per share payable on October 26, 2023 to stockholders of record as of October 10, 
2023.

78

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
6. 

Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt as of July 31, 2023 and 2022 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Vail Holdings Credit Agreement revolver (a)
Vail Holdings Credit Agreement term loan (a)
6.25% Notes (b)
0.0% Convertible Notes (c)
Whistler Credit Agreement revolver (d)
EPR Secured Notes (e)
Employee housing bonds (f)
Canyons obligation (g)
NRP Loan (h)
Whistler Blackcomb employee housing leases (i)
Other (j)

Total debt

Maturity

2026

2026

2025

2026

2028

2034-2036

2027-2039

2063

2036

2042

2023-2036

Less: Unamortized premiums, discounts and debt issuance costs (k)
Less: Current maturities (l)
Long-term debt, net

$ 

July 31,
2023

July 31,
2022

$ 

—  $ 

— 

1,015,625   

1,078,125 

600,000   

575,000   

—   

114,162   

52,575   

363,386   

40,399   

29,491   

35,011   
2,825,649   

5,814   

69,160   
2,750,675  $ 

600,000 

575,000 

11,717 

114,162 

52,575 

357,607 

— 

— 

17,860 
2,807,046 

72,997 

63,749 
2,670,300 

(a) On August 31, 2022, Vail Holdings, Inc. (“VHI”), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, along with 
other  certain  subsidiaries  of  the  Company,  as  guarantors,  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  as  administrative  agent,  and  certain 
lenders entered into the Fifth Amendment (the “Fifth Amendment”) to the Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement 
(the “Vail Holdings Credit Agreement”), which extended the maturity date to September 23, 2026. Additionally, the Fifth 
Amendment  contains  customary  LIBOR  replacement  language,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  use  of  rates  based  on 
SOFR.  SOFR  is  a  broad  measure  of  the  cost  of  borrowing  cash  in  the  overnight  U.S.  Treasury  repo  market  and  is 
administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The Fifth Amendment modified the calculation of interest under 
the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement from being calculated based on LIBOR to being calculated based on SOFR. No other 
material terms of the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement were amended.

As  of  July  31,  2023,  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  consists  of  a  $500.0  million  revolving  credit  facility  and  a 
$1.0  billion  outstanding  term  loan  facility.  The  term  loan  facility  is  subject  to  quarterly  amortization  of  principal  of 
approximately $15.6 million, in equal installments, for a total of 5% of principal payable in each year and the final payment 
of all amounts outstanding, plus accrued and unpaid interest due in upon maturity. The proceeds of the loans made under 
the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement  may  be  used  to  fund  the  Company’s  working  capital  needs,  capital  expenditures, 
acquisitions,  investments  and  other  general  corporate  purposes,  including  the  issuance  of  letters  of  credit.  Borrowings 
under the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement, including the term loan facility, bear interest annually at SOFR plus a spread of 
1.60%  as  of  July  31,  2023  (6.92%  as  of  July  31,  2023).  Interest  rate  margins  may  fluctuate  based  upon  the  ratio  of  the 
Company’s Net Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA on a trailing four-quarter basis. The Vail Holdings Credit Agreement 
also includes a quarterly unused commitment fee, which is equal to a percentage determined by the Net Funded Debt to 
Adjusted  EBITDA  ratio,  as  each  such  term  is  defined  in  the  Vail  Holdings  Credit  Agreement,  multiplied  by  the  daily 
amount by which the Vail Holdings Credit Agreement commitment exceeds the total of outstanding loans and outstanding 
letters of credit (0.30% as of July 31, 2023). The Company is party to various interest rate swap agreements which hedge 
the cash flows associated with the SOFR-based variable interest rate component of $400.0 million in principal amount of 
its Vail Holdings Credit Agreement until September 23, 2024, at an effective rate of 1.38%.

(b) On  May  4,  2020,  the  Company  completed  its  offering  of  $600  million  aggregate  principal  amount  of  6.25%  senior 
notes due 2025 at par (the “6.25% Notes”). The Company pays interest on the 6.25% Notes on May 15 and November 15 
of each year, which commenced on November 15, 2020. The 6.25% Notes will mature on May 15, 2025. The 6.25% Notes 
are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time on or after May 15, 2022 at the redemption prices specified in an indenture 
dated as of May 4, 2020 (the “6.25% Indenture”) plus accrued and unpaid interest. The 6.25% Notes are senior unsecured 
obligations of the Company, are guaranteed by certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries, and rank equally in right of 

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
payment  with  existing  and  future  senior  indebtedness  of  the  Company  and  the  guarantors  (as  defined  in  the  6.25% 
Indenture).

The 6.25% Indenture requires that, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined in the 6.25% Indenture), the 
Company  shall  offer  to  purchase  all  of  the  outstanding  6.25%  Notes  at  a  purchase  price  in  cash  equal  to  101%  of  the 
outstanding  principal  amount  of  the  6.25%  Notes,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  interest.  If  the  Company  or  certain  of  its 
subsidiaries  dispose  of  assets,  under  certain  circumstances,  the  Company  will  be  required  to  either  invest  the  net  cash 
proceeds from such assets sales in its business within a specified period of time, repay certain senior secured debt or debt of 
its non-guarantor subsidiaries, or make an offer to purchase a principal amount of the 6.25% Notes equal to the excess net 
cash proceeds at a purchase price of 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The 6.25% Indenture contains covenants that, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company and the guarantors to 
incur  liens  on  assets;  merge  or  consolidate  with  another  company  or  sell,  assign,  transfer,  lease,  convey  or  otherwise 
dispose of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or engage in Sale and Leaseback Transactions (as defined in the 
6.25%  Indenture).  The  6.25%  Indenture  does  not  contain  any  financial  maintenance  covenants.  Certain  of  the  covenants 
will  not  apply  to  the  6.25%  Notes  so  long  as  the  6.25%  Notes  have  investment  grade  ratings  from  two  specified  rating 
agencies and no event of default has occurred and is continuing under the 6.25% Indenture. The 6.25% Indenture includes 
customary  events  of  default,  including  failure  to  make  payment,  failure  to  comply  with  the  obligations  set  forth  in  the 
6.25% Indenture, certain defaults on certain other indebtedness, certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, 
and invalidity of the guarantees of the 6.25% Notes issued pursuant to the 6.25% Indenture.

(c) On December 18, 2020, the Company completed an offering of $575.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.0% 
Convertible  Notes  due  2026  in  a  private  placement  conducted  pursuant  to  Rule  144A  of  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  as 
amended (the “0.0% Convertible Notes”). The 0.0% Convertible Notes were issued under an indenture dated December 18, 
2020  (the  “Convertible  Indenture”)  between  the  Company  and  U.S.  Bank  National  Association,  as  Trustee.  The  0.0% 
Convertible  Notes  do  not  bear  regular  interest  and  the  principal  amount  does  not  accrete.  The  0.0%  Convertible  Notes 
mature on January 1, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted.

The 0.0% Convertible Notes are general senior unsecured obligations of the Company. The 0.0% Convertible Notes rank 
senior in right of payment to any future debt that is expressly subordinated, equal in right of payment with the Company’s 
existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, and are subordinated to all of the Company’s existing and future 
secured  debt  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the  assets  securing  such  debt.  The  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  will  also  be 
structurally  subordinated  to  all  of  the  existing  and  future  liabilities  and  obligations  of  the  Company’s  subsidiaries, 
including such subsidiaries’ guarantees of the 6.25% Notes.

The initial conversion rate was 2.4560 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which represents an initial conversion 
price of approximately $407.17 per share, and is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events as 
described in the Convertible Indenture, including the payment of cash dividends. As of July 31, 2023, the conversion rate 
of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes,  adjusted  for  cash  dividends  paid  since  the  issuance  date,  was  2.5972  shares  per  $1,000 
principal  amount  of  notes  (the  “Conversion  Rate”),  which  represents  a  conversion  price  of  $385.03  per  share  (the 
“Conversion Price”). The principal amount of the 0.0% Convertible Notes is required to be settled in cash. The Company 
will  settle  the  in  the  money  component  of  conversions  by  paying  cash,  delivering  shares  of  its  common  stock,  or  a 
combination of the two, at its option.

Holders may convert their notes, at their option, only under the following circumstances:

•

•

•

•

•

during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2021 if the last reported 
sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price for each of at least 20 trading 
days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading 
day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter;

during  the  five  consecutive  business  days  immediately  after  any  10  consecutive  trading  day  period  (such  10 
consecutive trading day period, the “Measurement Period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount 
of notes for each trading day of the Measurement Period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale 
price per share of our common stock on such trading day and the Conversion Rate on such trading day;

upon  the  occurrence  of  certain  corporate  events  or  distributions  on  our  common  stock,  as  described  in  the 
Convertible Indenture;

if the Company calls the 0.0% Convertible Notes for redemption; or

at any time from, and including, July 1, 2025 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately 
before the maturity date.

80

The 0.0% Convertible Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the Company’s option at any time, and from time to 
time, on or after January 1, 2024 and on or before the 25th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a 
cash  redemption  price  equal  to  the  principal  amount  of  the  notes  to  be  redeemed,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  special  and 
additional interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of the 
Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price for a specified period of time. If the Company elects to 
redeem  less  than  all  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes,  at  least  $50.0  million  aggregate  principal  amount  of  notes  must  be 
outstanding and not subject to redemption as of the relevant redemption notice date. Calling any 0.0% Convertible Notes 
for redemption will constitute a make-whole fundamental change with respect to such notes, in which case the Conversion 
Rate applicable to the conversion of such notes will be increased in certain circumstances if such notes are converted after 
they are called for redemption.

In addition, upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Convertible Indenture), holders of the 0.0% 
Convertible Notes may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their notes at a cash repurchase price equal to 
the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid special and additional interest, if any, to, 
but  excluding,  the  applicable  repurchase  date.  If  certain  fundamental  changes  referred  to  as  make-whole  fundamental 
changes  (as  defined  in  the  Convertible  Indenture)  occur,  the  Conversion  Rate  for  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  may  be 
increased for a specified period of time.

The Convertible Indenture includes customary events of default, including failure to make payment, failure to comply with 
the obligations set forth in the Convertible Indenture, certain defaults on certain other indebtedness, and certain events of 
bankruptcy,  insolvency  or  reorganization.  The  Company  may  elect,  at  its  option,  that  the  sole  remedy  for  an  event  of 
default relating to certain failures by the Company to comply with certain reporting covenants in the Convertible Indenture 
will consist exclusively of the right of the holders of the 0.0% Convertible Notes to receive additional interest on the notes 
for up to 360 days following such failure.

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06 on August 1, 2022, the Company separately accounted for the liability and equity 
components  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes.  The  liability  component  at  issuance  was  recognized  at  estimated  fair  value 
based  on  the  fair  value  of  a  similar  debt  instrument  that  does  not  have  an  embedded  convertible  feature,  and  was 
determined  to  be  $465.3  million  and  was  recorded  within  long-term  debt,  net  on  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Balance 
Sheet.  The  excess  of  the  principal  amount  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  over  the  initial  fair  value  of  the  liability 
component represented a debt discount of $109.7 million and was being amortized to interest expense, net over the term 
through  July  31,  2022  (prior  to  the  adoption  of  ASU  2020-06).  The  balance  of  the  unamortized  debt  discount  was 
$76.7 million as of July 31, 2022. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was 
approximately $109.7 million and was determined by deducting the initial fair value of the liability component from the 
total proceeds of the 0.0% Convertible Notes of $575.0 million. Additionally, the Company recorded deferred tax liabilities 
of  approximately  $27.5  million  related  to  the  equity  component  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  on  the  date  of  issuance, 
which  decreased  the  recorded  value  of  the  equity  component.  As  of  July  31,  2022,  the  equity  component  was  recorded 
within additional paid-in-capital on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company adopted ASU 2020-06 on 
August 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective method, and as a result, the Company reclassified the equity component of 
its  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  to  long-term  debt,  net,  and  no  longer  records  non-cash  interest  expense  related  to  the 
amortization of the debt discount effective as of the adoption date. Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies, for further information on ASU 2020-06.

(d) Whistler Mountain Resort Limited Partnership (“Whistler LP”) and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership 
(“Blackcomb LP” and together with Whistler LP, the “WB Partnerships”) are party to a credit agreement consisting of a 
C$300.0  million  credit  facility  which  was  originally  dated  as  of  November  12,  2013,  by  and  among  Whistler  LP, 
Blackcomb LP, certain subsidiaries of Whistler LP and Blackcomb LP party thereto as guarantors, the financial institutions 
party thereto as lenders and The Toronto-Dominion Bank, as administrative agent. On April 14, 2023, the WB Partnerships 
along  with  other  parties  to  the  original  agreement  entered  into  the  Second  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement  (as 
amended, the “Whistler Credit Agreement”). The amended Whistler Credit Agreement (i) extended the maturity date of the 
revolving credit facility to April 14, 2028; (ii) contained customary LIBOR replacement language for the use of rates based 
on SOFR with regard to borrowings under the facility made in U.S. dollars; and (iii) contained customary forward-looking 
transition language for the Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (“CDOR”) with regard to borrowings under the facility made in 
Canadian  dollars,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  use  of  rates  based  on  the  Canadian  Overnight  Repo  Rate  Average, 
which is a measure of the cost of overnight general collateral funding using Government of Canada treasury bills and bonds 
as  collateral  for  repurchase  transactions,  and  for  which  such  transition  is  expected  to  occur  no  later  than  June  2024.  No 
other significant terms of the agreement were amended. As of July 31, 2023, there were no borrowings under the Whistler 
Credit  Agreement.  The  Whistler  Credit  Agreement  also  includes  a  quarterly  unused  commitment  fee  based  on  the 
Consolidated  Total  Leverage  Ratio,  which  as  of  July  31,  2023  is  equal  to  0.39%  per  annum.  The  Whistler  Credit 
Agreement provides for affirmative and negative covenants that restrict, among other things, the WB Partnerships’ ability 

81

to incur indebtedness and liens, dispose of assets, make capital expenditures, make distributions and make investments. In 
addition, the Whistler Credit Agreement includes the restrictive financial covenants (leverage ratios and interest coverage 
ratios) customary for facilities of this type.

(e)
In September 2019, in conjunction with the acquisition of Peak Resorts, Inc. (“Peak Resorts”), the Company assumed 
various secured borrowings (the “EPR Secured Notes”) under the master credit and security agreements and other related 
agreements,  as  amended,  (collectively,  the  “EPR  Agreements”)  with  EPT  Ski  Properties,  Inc.  and  its  affiliates  (“EPR”). 
The EPR Secured Notes include the following:

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

The Alpine Valley Secured Note. The $4.6 million Alpine Valley Secured Note provides for interest payments 
through  its  maturity  on  December  1,  2034.  As  of  July  31,  2023,  interest  on  this  note  accrued  at  a  rate  of 
11.72%.

The  Boston  Mills/Brandywine  Secured  Note.  The  $23.3  million  Boston  Mills/Brandywine  Secured  Note 
provides for interest payments through its maturity on December 1, 2034. As of July 31, 2023, interest on this 
note accrued at a rate of 11.24%.

The Jack Frost/Big Boulder Secured Note. The $14.3 million Jack Frost/Big Boulder Secured Note provides 
for  interest  payments  through  its  maturity  on  December  1,  2034.  As  of  July  31,  2023,  interest  on  this  note 
accrued at a rate of 11.24%.

The Mount Snow Secured Note. The $51.1 million Mount Snow Secured Note provides for interest payments 
through  its  maturity  on  December  1,  2034.  As  of  July  31,  2023,  interest  on  this  note  accrued  at  a  rate  of 
12.32%.

The  Hunter  Mountain  Secured  Note.  The  $21.0  million  Hunter  Mountain  Secured  Note  provides  for  interest 
payments through its maturity on January 5, 2036. As of July 31, 2023, interest on this note accrued at a rate of 
9.03%.

The EPR Secured Notes are secured by all or substantially all of the assets of Peak Resorts and its subsidiaries, including 
mortgages on the Alpine Valley, Boston Mills, Brandywine, Jack Frost, Big Boulder, Mount Snow and Hunter Mountain 
ski  resorts.  The  EPR  Secured  Notes  bear  interest  at  specified  interest  rates,  as  discussed  above,  which  are  subject  to 
increase  each  year  by  the  lesser  of  (i)  three  times  the  percentage  increase  in  the  Consumer  Price  Index  (“CPI”)  or  (ii)  a 
capped index (the “Capped CPI Index”), which is 1.75% for the Hunter Mountain Secured Note and 1.50% for all other 
notes. The EPR Agreements provide for affirmative and negative covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of 
Peak  Resorts  and  its  subsidiaries  to  incur  indebtedness,  dispose  of  assets,  make  distributions  and  make  investments.  In 
addition,  the  EPR  Agreements  include  restrictive  covenants,  including  maximum  leverage  ratio  and  consolidated  fixed 
charge ratio. An additional contingent interest payment would be due to EPR if, on a calendar year basis, the gross receipts 
from the properties securing any of the individual EPR Secured Notes (the “Gross Receipts”) are more than the result (the 
“Interest  Quotient”)  of  dividing  the  total  interest  charges  for  the  EPR  Secured  Notes  by  a  specified  percentage  rate  (the 
“Additional Interest Rate”). In such a case, the additional interest payment would equal the difference between the Gross 
Receipts and the Interest Quotient multiplied by the Additional Interest Rate. This calculation is made on an aggregated 
basis for the notes secured by the Jack Frost, Big Boulder, Boston Mills, Brandywine and Alpine Valley ski resorts, where 
the Additional Interest Rate is 10.0%; on a standalone basis for the note secured by the Company’s Mount Snow ski resort, 
where  the  Additional  Interest  Rate  is  12.0%;  and  on  a  standalone  basis  for  the  note  secured  by  the  Company’s  Hunter 
Mountain ski resort, where the Additional Interest Rate is 8.0%. Peak Resorts does not have the right to prepay the EPR 
Secured Notes. The EPR Secured Notes were recorded at their estimated fair value in conjunction with the acquisition of 
Peak Resorts on September 24, 2019. The EPR Agreements grant EPR certain other rights including the option to purchase 
the Boston Mills, Brandywine, Jack Frost, Big Boulder or Alpine Valley resorts, which is exercisable no sooner than two 
years and no later than one year prior to the maturity dates of the applicable EPR Secured Note for such properties, with 
any closings to be held on the applicable maturity dates; and, if EPR exercises the purchase option, EPR will enter into an 
agreement with the Company for the lease of each acquired property for an initial term of 20 years, plus options to extend 
the lease for two additional periods of ten years each.

In addition, Peak Resorts is required to maintain a debt service reserve account which amounts are applied to fund interest 
payments and other amounts due and payable to EPR. As of July 31, 2023, the Company had funded the EPR debt service 
reserve  account  in  an  amount  equal  to  approximately  $5.4  million,  which  was  included  in  other  current  assets  in  the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(f) The  Company  has  recorded  the  outstanding  debt  of  four  Employee  Housing  Entities  (each  an  “Employee  Housing 
Entity”  and  collectively  the  “Employee  Housing  Entities”):  Breckenridge  Terrace,  Tarnes,  BC  Housing  and  Tenderfoot. 
The proceeds of the Employee Housing Bonds were used to develop apartment complexes designated primarily for use by 

82

the  Company’s  seasonal  employees  at  its  Colorado  mountain  resorts.  The  Employee  Housing  Bonds  are  variable  rate, 
interest-only instruments with interest rates tied to SOFR plus 0% to 0.20% (5.32% to 5.52% as of July 31, 2023).

Interest on the Employee Housing Bonds is paid monthly in arrears and the interest rate is adjusted weekly. No principal 
payments are due on the Employee Housing Bonds until maturity. Each Employee Housing Entity’s bonds were issued in 
two  series.  The  bonds  for  each  Employee  Housing  Entity  are  backed  by  letters  of  credit  issued  under  the  Vail  Holdings 
Credit  Agreement.  The  table  below  presents  the  principal  amounts  outstanding  for  the  Employee  Housing  Bonds  as  of 
July 31, 2023 (in thousands): 

Breckenridge Terrace
Tarnes
BC Housing
Tenderfoot
Total

Maturity
2039
2039
2027
2035

Tranche A

Tranche B

Total

$ 

$ 

14,980  $ 
8,000   
9,100   
5,700   
37,780  $ 

5,000  $ 
2,410   
1,500   
5,885   
14,795  $ 

19,980 
10,410 
10,600 
11,585 
52,575 

(g) On May 24, 2013, VR CPC Holdings, Inc. (“VR CPC”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a 
transaction agreement with affiliate companies of Talisker Corporation (“Talisker”) pursuant to which the parties entered 
into a master lease agreement (the “Park City Lease”) and certain ancillary transaction documents on May 29, 2013 related 
to the former stand-alone Canyons Resort (“Canyons”), pursuant to which the Company assumed the resort operations of 
the Canyons. The Park City Lease between VR CPC and Talisker has an initial term of 50 years with six 50-year renewal 
options. The Park City Lease provides for $25 million in annual payments, which increase each year by an inflation-linked 
index of CPI less 1% per annum, with a floor of 2%. Vail Resorts has guaranteed the payments under the Park City Lease. 
The obligation at July 31, 2023 represents future lease payments for the remaining initial lease term of 50 years (including 
annual increases at the floor of 2%) discounted using an interest rate of 10%, and includes accumulated accreted interest 
expense of approximately $58.1 million.

(h) On August 3, 2022 in conjunction with the acquisition of Andermatt-Sedrun (see Note 7, Acquisitions), the Company 
assumed the New Regional Policy loan between Andermatt-Sedrun and the Canton of Uri and Canton of Graubünden dated 
June 24, 2016 (the “NRP Loan”), with an initial principal balance of CHF 40.0 million. Amounts outstanding under the 
NRP  Loan  bear  interest  at  0.63%  per  annum  until  the  maturity  date,  which  is  September  30,  2036,  with  semi-annual 
required payments of principal amortization and accrued interest. In addition, the NRP Loan agreement includes restrictive 
covenants requiring certain minimum financial results (as defined in the agreement).

(i) During the year ended July 31, 2023, the Company entered into new finance lease agreements for employee housing 
units at Whistler Blackcomb. The leases have a term of 20 years with no renewal options. The obligation at July 31, 2023 
represents future lease payments for the remaining initial lease term of 20 years (including annual increases at the floor of 
3%) discounted using an interest rate of 6.95%.

(j) During the year ended July 31, 2019, the Company completed two real estate sales transactions that were accounted 
for as financing arrangements as a result of the Company’s continuing involvement with the underlying assets that were 
sold, including but not limited to, the obligation to repurchase finished commercial space from the development projects 
upon completion. The Company received approximately $12.8 million of proceeds for these sales transactions through the 
year ended July 31, 2023, which are reflected within long-term debt, net. 

(k) In connection with the issuance of the 0.0% Convertible Notes, the Company recorded a debt discount under previous 
accounting  guidance,  which  represented  the  excess  of  the  principal  amount  of  the  0.0%  Convertible  Notes  over  the  fair 
value of the liability component, as discussed above. The Company adopted ASU 2020-06 on August 1, 2022 using the 
modified  retrospective  method,  and  as  a  result,  the  Company  reclassified  the  equity  component  of  its  0.0%  Convertible 
Notes to long-term debt, net, and therefore no longer records non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of the 
debt discount. In connection with the acquisition of Peak Resorts, the Company estimated the acquisition date fair values of 
the debt instruments assumed, including the EPR Secured Notes, and recorded any difference between such estimated fair 
values and the par value of debt instruments as unamortized premiums and discounts, which is amortized and recorded to 
interest expense, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations over the respective term of the applicable 
debt  instruments.  Additionally,  certain  costs  incurred  with  regard  to  the  issuance  of  debt  instruments  are  capitalized  and 
included as a reduction in the net carrying value of long-term debt, net of accumulated amortization, with the exception of 
costs  incurred  related  to  line-of-credit  arrangements,  which  are  included  in  deferred  charges  and  other  assets,  net  of 

83

 
 
 
 
accumulated  amortization.  Amortization  of  such  deferred  financing  costs  are  recorded  to  interest  expense,  net  on  the 
Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations over the respective term of the applicable debt instruments.

(l) Current maturities represent principal payments due in the next 12 months.

Aggregate maturities for debt outstanding, including finance lease obligations, as of July 31, 2023 reflected by fiscal year are as 
follows (in thousands):

2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
Thereafter

Total debt

Total

69,930 
676,010 
643,789 
851,407 
4,834 
579,679 
2,825,649 

$ 

$ 

The  Company  recorded  interest  expense  of  $153.0  million,  $148.2  million  and  $151.4  million  for  the  years  ended  July  31, 
2023,  2022  and  2021,  respectively,  of  which  $6.7  million,  $5.9  million  and  $4.9  million,  respectively,  was  amortization  of 
deferred  financing  costs.  The  Company  was  in  compliance  with  all  of  its  financial  and  operating  covenants  required  to  be 
maintained under its debt instruments for all periods presented.

In connection with the acquisition of Whistler Blackcomb, VHI funded a portion of the purchase price through an intercompany 
loan  to  Whistler  Blackcomb,  which  was  effective  as  of  November  1,  2016  and  requires  foreign  currency  remeasurement  to 
Canadian dollars, the functional currency for Whistler Blackcomb. As a result, foreign currency fluctuations associated with the 
loan  are  recorded  within  the  Company’s  results  of  operations.  The  Company  recognized  approximately  $(2.9)  million, 
$(2.7)  million  and  $8.3  million  of  non-cash  foreign  currency  (loss)  gain  on  the  intercompany  loan  to  Whistler  Blackcomb 
during the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, on its Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of July 31, 
2023, the remaining balance of the intercompany loan was $98.7 million.

7.  

Acquisitions

Andermatt-Sedrun

On August 3, 2022, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, the Company acquired a 55% controlling interest in Andermatt-Sedrun 
from  Andermatt  Swiss  Alps  AG  (“ASA”).  The  consideration  paid  consisted  of  an  investment  of  $114.4  million 
(CHF 110.0 million) into Andermatt-Sedrun for use in capital investments to enhance the guest experience on mountain (which 
was prepaid to fund the acquisition and was recorded in other current assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as 
of July 31, 2022) and $41.3 million (CHF 39.3 million) paid to ASA (which was paid on August 3, 2022, commensurate with 
closing). As of August 3, 2022 the total fair value of the consideration paid was $155.4 million (CHF 149.3 million).

Andermatt-Sedrun operates mountain and ski-related assets, including lifts, most of the restaurants and a ski school operation at 
the ski area. Ski operations are conducted on land owned by ASA as freehold or leasehold properties, land owned by Usern 
Corporation,  land  owned  by  the  municipality  of  Tujetsch  and  land  owned  by  private  property  owners.  ASA  retained  a  40% 
ownership  stake,  with  a  group  of  existing  shareholders  comprising  the  remaining  5%  ownership  stake.  ASA  and  the  other 
noncontrolling  economic  interests  contain  certain  protective  rights  pursuant  to  a  shareholder  agreement  (the  “Andermatt 
Agreement”)  and  no  ability  to  participate  in  the  day-to-day  operations  of  Andermatt-Sedrun.  The  Andermatt  Agreement 
provides that no dividend distributions be made by Andermatt-Sedrun until the end of the fiscal year ending July 31, 2026, after 
which time there shall be annual distributions of 50% of the available cash (as defined in the Andermatt Agreement) for the 
most recently completed fiscal year. In addition, the distribution rights are non-transferable and transfer of the noncontrolling 
interests are limited.

84

  
 
 
 
 
 
The following summarizes the purchase consideration and the preliminary purchase price allocation to estimated fair values of 
the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date the transaction was effective (in thousands):

Total cash consideration paid by Vail Resorts, Inc.

Estimated fair value of noncontrolling interests

Total estimated purchase consideration

Allocation of total estimated purchase consideration:

Current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Identifiable intangible assets and other assets

Assumed long-term debt

Other liabilities

Net assets acquired

Acquisition Date 
Estimated Fair 
Value

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

155,365 

91,524 

246,889 

119,867 

176,805 

3,368 

7,476 

(44,130) 

(16,497) 

246,889 

Identifiable intangible assets acquired in the transaction were primarily related to a trade name. The process of estimating the 
fair value of the property, plant, and equipment includes the use of certain estimates and assumptions related to replacement 
cost and physical condition at the time of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate estimated fair values 
of  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was  recorded  as  goodwill.  The  goodwill  recognized  is  attributable  primarily  to 
expected synergies, the assembled workforce of the resort and other factors, and is not expected to be deductible for income tax 
purposes. The operating results of Andermatt-Sedrun are reported within the Mountain segment prospectively from the date of 
acquisition.

The estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of Andermatt-Sedrun are preliminary and 
are based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date. The Company believes that this information provides 
a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed; however, the Company is obtaining 
additional information necessary to finalize those estimated fair values. Therefore, the preliminary measurements of estimated 
fair  values  reflected  are  subject  to  change.  The  Company  expects  to  finalize  the  valuation  and  complete  the  purchase 
consideration allocation no later than one year from the acquisition date.

Seven Springs Mountain Resort, Hidden Valley Resort & Laurel Mountain Ski Area

On December 31, 2021, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired Seven Springs Mountain Resort, Hidden 
Valley Resort and Laurel Mountain Ski Area in Pennsylvania (collectively, the “Seven Springs Resorts”) from Seven Springs 
Mountain Resort, Inc. and its affiliates for a cash purchase price of approximately $116.5 million, after adjustments for certain 
agreed-upon  terms,  which  the  Company  funded  with  cash  on  hand.  The  acquisition  included  the  mountain  operations  of  the 
resorts, including base area skier services (food and beverage, retail and rental, lift ticket offices and ski and snowboard school 
facilities), as well as a hotel, conference center and other related operations.

The  following  summarizes  the  purchase  consideration  and  the  purchase  price  allocation  to  estimated  fair  values  of  the 
identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date the transaction was effective (in thousands):

Current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Identifiable intangible assets and other assets

Liabilities

Net assets acquired

85

Acquisition Date 
Estimated Fair 
Value

$ 

$ 

2,932 

118,415 

5,041 

5,335 

(15,222) 

116,501 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Identifiable intangible assets acquired in the transaction were primarily related to advanced lodging bookings and trade names. 
The  process  of  estimating  the  fair  value  of  the  property,  plant,  and  equipment  includes  the  use  of  certain  estimates  and 
assumptions related to replacement cost and physical condition at the time of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over 
the  aggregate  estimated  fair  values  of  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was  recorded  as  goodwill.  The  goodwill 
recognized is attributable primarily to expected synergies, the assembled workforce of the resorts and other factors, and is not 
expected  to  be  deductible  for  income  tax  purposes.  The  Company  recognized  $2.8  million  of  acquisition  related  expenses 
associated with the transaction within Mountain and Lodging operating expense on its Consolidated Statement of Operations 
for the year ended July 31, 2022. The operating results of the acquired resorts are reported within the Mountain and Lodging 
segments prospectively from the date of acquisition.

8. 

Supplementary Balance Sheet Information

The composition of property, plant and equipment, including finance lease assets, follows (in thousands):

Land and land improvements

Buildings and building improvements

Machinery and equipment

Furniture and fixtures

Software

Vehicles

Construction in progress

Gross property, plant and equipment

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

July 31,

2023

2022

$ 

796,730  $ 

1,643,517   

1,792,378   

298,725   

152,033   

87,298   

134,113   

763,432 

1,545,571 

1,505,236 

307,867 

138,058 

81,927 

127,282 

4,904,794   

4,469,373 

(2,533,237)  

(2,351,321) 

$ 

2,371,557  $ 

2,118,052 

Depreciation expense, which included depreciation of assets recorded under finance leases, for the years ended July 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021 totaled $263.4 million, $247.2 million and $247.2 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the composition of property, plant and equipment recorded under finance leases as of July 31, 
2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

Land
Land improvements
Buildings and building improvements

Machinery and equipment

Gross property, plant and equipment

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

July 31,

2023

2022

$ 

31,818  $ 
49,228   
70,917   

71,527   

223,490   

(96,257)  

$ 

127,233  $ 

31,818 
49,228 
42,160 

60,384 

183,590 

(84,556) 

99,034 

86

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The composition of goodwill and intangible assets follows (in thousands):

Goodwill
Goodwill

Accumulated impairments

Accumulated amortization

Goodwill, net

Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Trademarks

Other

Total gross indefinite-lived intangible assets

Accumulated amortization

Indefinite-lived intangible assets, net

Amortizable intangible assets
Trademarks

Other

Total gross amortizable intangible assets

Accumulated amortization

Amortizable intangible assets, net

Total gross intangible assets

Total accumulated amortization

Total intangible assets, net

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

July 31,

2023

2022

1,763,386  $ 

1,797,970 

(25,688)  

(17,354)  
1,720,344  $ 

(25,688) 

(17,354) 
1,754,928 

237,921  $ 

41,224   

279,145   

(24,713)  
254,432  $ 

38,008  $ 

71,570   

109,578   

(54,665)  
54,913   

388,723   

(79,378)  

237,483 

41,400 

278,883 

(24,713) 
254,170 

38,008 

71,767 

109,775 

(49,887) 
59,888 

388,658 

(74,600) 

314,058 

$ 

309,345  $ 

Amortization  expense  for  intangible  assets  subject  to  amortization  for  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021  totaled 
$5.1  million,  $5.2  million  and  $5.4  million,  respectively,  and  is  estimated  to  be  approximately  $3.2  million  annually,  on 
average, for the next five fiscal years.

The changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill allocated between the Company’s segments for the years ended July 31, 
2023 and 2022 are as follows (in thousands): 

Mountain 

Lodging 

Goodwill, net 

Balance at July 31, 2021

Acquisitions (including measurement period adjustments)
Effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

Balance at July 31, 2022

Acquisition (including measurement period adjustments)
Disposal of retail and rental stores (1)
Effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

Balance at July 31, 2023

$ 

$ 

1,738,836  $ 
2,196   

(31,110)  
1,709,922   
3,368   

(5,975)  

(31,977)  
1,675,338  $ 

42,211  $ 
2,795   

—   
45,006   
—   

—   

—   
45,006  $ 

1,781,047 
4,991 

(31,110) 
1,754,928 
3,368 

(5,975) 

(31,977) 
1,720,344 

(1) During the year ended July 31, 2023, the Company completed a sale of five retail and rental stores in Telluride, Colorado 
(the “Disposal Group”) to an unrelated party for cash, which the Company determined constituted the sale of a business. As 
of April 30, 2023, the Company allocated a proportionate share of the applicable reporting unit’s goodwill to the Disposal 
Group, and reduced the carrying value of the Disposal Group to its net realizable value.

87

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The composition of accounts payable and accrued liabilities follows (in thousands):

Trade payables
Deferred revenue
Accrued salaries, wages and deferred compensation
Accrued benefits
Deposits
Operating lease liabilities
Other accruals

Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities

9. 

Fair Value Measurements

July 31,

2023

2022

148,521  $ 
572,602   
38,908   
60,466   
37,798   
36,904   
82,822   
978,021  $ 

151,263 
511,306 
64,570 
45,202 
37,731 
34,218 
98,540 
942,830 

$ 

$ 

The  Company  utilizes  FASB-issued  fair  value  guidance  that  establishes  how  reporting  entities  should  measure  fair  value  for 
measurement and disclosure purposes. The guidance establishes a common definition of fair value applicable to all assets and 
liabilities measured at fair value and prioritizes the inputs into valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Accordingly, the 
Company uses valuation techniques which maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs 
when determining fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or 
liabilities;

Level 2: Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active and inactive markets or that are observable for 
the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3: Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The  table  below  summarizes  the  Company’s  cash  equivalents,  other  current  assets,  Interest  Rate  Swaps  and  Contingent 
Consideration  (defined  below)  measured  at  estimated  fair  value  (all  other  assets  and  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  are 
immaterial) (in thousands).

Description

Assets:

Money Market

Commercial Paper

Certificates of Deposit

Interest Rate Swaps

Liabilities:

Contingent Consideration

Description
Assets:

Money Market
Commercial Paper
Certificates of Deposit

Interest Rate Swaps

Liabilities:

Contingent Consideration 

Estimated Fair Value Measurement as of July 31, 2023

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

170,872  $ 

2,401  $ 

144,365  $ 

17,229  $ 

73,300  $ 

170,872  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

2,401  $ 

144,365  $ 

17,229  $ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—  $ 

73,300 

Estimated Fair Value Measurement as of July 31, 2022

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

505,901  $ 
2,401  $ 
9,473  $ 
12,301  $ 

505,901  $ 
—  $ 
—  $ 
—  $ 

—  $ 
2,401  $ 
9,473  $ 
12,301  $ 

— 
— 
— 
— 

42,400  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

42,400 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

88

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s cash equivalents, other current assets and Interest Rate Swaps are measured utilizing quoted market prices or 
pricing models whereby all significant inputs are either observable or corroborated by observable market data. The Company is 
party to various interest rate swap agreements which hedge the cash flows associated with the SOFR-based variable interest rate 
component of $400.0 million in principal amount of its Vail Holdings Credit Agreement. Changes in the estimated fair value 
are  recognized  in  change  in  estimated  fair  value  of  hedging  instruments  on  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Comprehensive Income. The estimated fair value of the Interest Rate Swaps was included as an asset within deferred charges 
and other assets as of July 31, 2023, and 2022 in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The changes in Contingent Consideration during the years ended July 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of July 31, 2021

Payment

Change in estimated fair value

Balance as of July 31,2022

Payment

Change in estimated fair value

Balance as of July 31, 2023

Contingent 
Consideration

29,600 

(7,480) 

20,280 

42,400 

(18,936) 

49,836 

73,300 

$ 

$ 

The Park City Lease provides for participating contingent payments (the “Contingent Consideration”) to the landlord of 42% of 
the  amount  by  which  EBITDA  for  the  Park  City  resort  operations,  as  calculated  under  the  Park  City  Lease,  exceeds 
approximately  $35  million,  as  established  upon  the  Company’s  acquisition  of  the  resort,  with  such  threshold  amount 
subsequently  increased  annually  by  an  inflation  linked  index  and  a  10%  adjustment  for  any  capital  improvements  or 
investments  made  under  the  Park  City  Lease  by  the  Company.  Contingent  Consideration  is  classified  as  a  liability,  which  is 
remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency is resolved. The Company estimated the fair value of the 
Contingent  Consideration  payments  using  an  option  pricing  valuation  model.  The  estimated  fair  value  of  Contingent 
Consideration  includes  future  period  resort  operations  of  Park  City  in  the  calculation  of  EBITDA  on  which  participating 
contingent  payments  are  made,  which  is  determined  on  the  basis  of  estimated  subsequent  year  performance,  escalated  by  an 
assumed annual growth factor and discounted to net present value. Other significant assumptions included a discount rate of 
11.1%, and volatility of 17.0%, which together with future period Park City EBITDA, are all unobservable inputs and thus are 
considered Level 3 inputs. During the year ended July 31, 2023, the Company made a payment to the landlord for Contingent 
Consideration of approximately $18.9 million which increased compared to the prior year, primarily due to improved Park City 
performance for the period ended July 31, 2022.

During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2023,  the  Company  observed  a  continued  trend  of  improved  performance  which  led  to  a 
reassessment of the long-term EBITDA assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the liability. As a result, the Company 
recorded an increase in the liability of approximately $49.8 million which was primarily related to an increase in the expected 
long-term  EBITDA  performance  for  Park  City  as  well  as  the  expected  payment  to  be  made  in  October  2023  for  the  resort’s 
performance for the year ending July 31, 2023. The increased expectations for long-term EBITDA performance for Park City 
are  based  on  an  average  of  historical  results  observed  for  the  resort,  which  include  actual  performance  for  the  years  ended 
July 31, 2023 and 2022. Future period actual EBITDA performance for Park City may differ significantly from these estimates, 
which  could  have  a  material  impact  on  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Contingent  Consideration  liability.  The  estimated  fair 
value  of  the  Contingent  Consideration  liability  is  approximately  $73.3  million,  which  is  recorded  in  accounts  payable  and 
accrued  liabilities  and  other  long-term  liabilities  in  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet  as  of  July  31,  2023.  The 
Company  prepared  a  sensitivity  analysis  to  evaluate  the  effect  that  changes  on  certain  key  assumptions  would  have  on  the 
estimated  fair  value  of  the  Contingent  Consideration.  A  change  in  the  discount  rate  of  100  basis  points  or  a  5%  change  in 
estimated subsequent year performance of the resort would result in a change in the estimated fair value within the range of 
approximately $10.1 million to $13.6 million.

89

 
 
 
 
 
10.

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to taxation in U.S. federal, state and local jurisdictions and various non-U.S. jurisdictions, including 
Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and Switzerland. The Company’s effective tax rate is impacted by the tax laws, regulations, 
practices  and  interpretations  in  the  jurisdictions  in  which  it  operates  and  may  fluctuate  significantly  from  period  to  period 
depending on, among other things, the geographic mix of the Company’s profits and losses, changes in tax laws and regulations 
or  their  application  and  interpretation,  the  outcome  of  tax  audits  and  changes  in  valuation  allowances  associated  with  the 
Company’s deferred tax assets.

U.S. and foreign components of income before provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

U.S.

Foreign

Income before income taxes

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

217,971  $ 

155,546   

373,517  $ 

387,729  $ 

69,432   

457,161  $ 

148,898 

(23,715) 

125,183 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities 
for financial reporting purposes and income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and 
assets are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Fixed assets
Intangible assets
Operating lease right of use assets
Convertible debt
Other

Total

Deferred income tax assets:
Canyons obligation
Stock-based compensation
Investment in Partnerships
Deferred compensation and other accrued benefits
Contingent Consideration
Net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits
Operating lease liabilities
Other, net
Total

Valuation allowance for deferred income taxes

Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance

Net deferred income tax liability

July 31,

2023

2022

211,995  $ 
143,402   
45,913   
—   
22,115   
423,425   

18,631   
9,370   
10,430   
11,099   
18,423   
14,864   
48,953   
28,988   
160,758   
(9,603)  
151,155   
272,270  $ 

203,669 
119,066 
44,873 
18,780 
18,157 
404,545 

17,291 
9,957 
10,602 
15,202 
10,719 
8,516 
49,530 
24,501 
146,318 
(5,188) 
141,130 
263,415 

$ 

$ 

The  components  of  deferred  income  taxes  recognized  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  are  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

Deferred income tax asset

Deferred income tax liability

Net deferred income tax liability

July 31,

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

3,867  $ 

276,137   

272,270  $ 

5,049 

268,464 

263,415 

90

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Significant components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

Current:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total current

Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred

Provision for income taxes

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

17,473  $ 
6,759   
40,117   
64,349   

23,813   
1,372   
(1,120)  
24,065   
88,414  $ 

62,974  $ 
13,938   
21,302   
98,214   

(6,910)  
1,966   
(4,446)  
(9,390)  
88,824  $ 

20,387 
4,935 
(8,460) 
16,862 

(16,289) 
(2,423) 
2,576 
(16,136) 
726 

A reconciliation of the income tax provision for continuing operations and the amount computed by applying the United States 
federal statutory income tax rate to income before income taxes is as follows:

At U.S. federal income tax rate
State income tax, net of federal benefit
Change in uncertain tax positions
Stock-based compensation
Noncontrolling interests
Foreign taxes
Taxes related to prior year filings
Other

Effective tax rate

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

 21.0 %
 2.2 %
 (1.5) %
 0.7 %
 (1.0) %
 3.2 %
 (0.1) %
 (0.8) %
 23.7 %

 21.0 %
 3.8 %
 (1.2) %
 (3.6) %
 (1.2) %
 0.1 %
 0.3 %
 0.2 %
 19.4 %

 21.0 %
 4.2 %
 (3.5) %
 (14.3) %
 0.8 %
 (5.0) %
 (2.9) %
 0.3 %
 0.6 %

A  reconciliation  of  the  beginning  and  ending  amount  of  unrecognized  tax  benefits  associated  with  uncertain  tax  positions, 
excluding associated deferred tax benefits and accrued interest and penalties, if applicable, is as follows (in thousands):

Balance, beginning of year

Additions for tax positions of prior years
Lapse of statute of limitations

Balance, end of year

Year Ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

62,909  $ 
11,025   
(22,254)  
51,680  $ 

67,857  $ 
11,179   
(16,127)  
62,909  $ 

70,299 
16,754 
(19,196) 
67,857 

As of July 31, 2023, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions relate to the treatment of 
the Talisker lease payments as payments of debt obligations and that the tax basis in Canyons goodwill is deductible, and are 
included within other long-term liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As  of  July  31,  2023,  the  Company  had  recorded  $51.7  million  of  uncertain  tax  positions  as  well  as  $5.1  million  of  accrued 
interest and penalties. During the year ended July 31, 2023, the Company experienced a reduction in the uncertain tax positions 
due to the lapse of the statute of limitations of $22.3 million, which was partially offset with an increase to the uncertain tax 
position of $11.0 million. The Company also recognized a tax benefit of $0.7 million from a reduction in accrued interest and 
penalties  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2023.  The  Company  is  not  aware  of  any  tax  positions  for  which  it  is  reasonably 
possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next twelve months. Additionally, the 
Company  expects  a  reduction  to  its  uncertain  tax  positions  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  July  31,  2024,  due  to  the  lapse  of  the 
statute of limitations.

91

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
The  Company’s  major  tax  jurisdictions  in  which  it  files  income  tax  returns  are  the  U.S.  federal  jurisdiction,  various  state 
jurisdictions, Australia, Canada and Switzerland. The Company’s U.S. federal and state income tax returns are generally subject 
to  tax  examinations  for  the  tax  years  2019  through  the  current  period.  The  Company’s  Australian  and  Canadian  income  tax 
returns are generally subject to examination for the tax years 2018 through the current period, and Swiss income tax returns are 
generally subject to examination for the tax years 2017 through the current period. Additionally, to the extent the Company has 
NOLs  that  have  been  carried  back  or  are  available  for  carryforward,  the  tax  years  to  which  the  NOL  was  carried  back  or  in 
which the NOL was generated may still be adjusted by the taxing authorities to the extent the NOLs are utilized.

The Company has NOL carryforwards totaling $63.4 million, primarily comprised of $10.6 million of federal and state NOLs 
as a result of the acquisition of Peak Resorts in September 2019 that will expire beginning July 31, 2034 and non-U.S. NOLs of 
$52.8  million  (for  which  a  portion  will  begin  expiring  July  31,  2024,  and  a  portion  will  carry  forward  indefinitely).  In 
connection with Peak Resorts’ initial public offering in November 2014, as well as the Company’s acquisition of Peak Resorts 
in September 2019, Peak Resorts had two ownership changes pursuant to the provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986. As a 
result, the Company’s usage of its eligible Federal NOL carryforwards will be limited each year by these ownership changes; 
however, management believes the full benefit of those carryforwards will be realized prior to their respective expiration dates. 
As  of  July  31,  2023,  the  Company  has  recorded  a  valuation  allowance  of  $4.4  million  on  the  historical  non-U.S.  NOL 
carryforwards, as the Company has determined that it is more likely than not that the associated NOL carryforwards will not be 
realized. The Company has foreign tax credit carryforwards of $4.2 million, which expire by the year ending July 31, 2028. As 
of July 31, 2023, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $4.2 million on foreign tax credit carryforwards, as the 
Company  has  determined  that  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  these  foreign  tax  credit  carryforwards  will  not  be  realized. 
Additionally, the Company has $1.0 million of foreign deferred tax assets, for which a valuation allowance of $1.0 million has 
been recorded.

The Company may be required to record additional valuation allowances if, among other things, adverse economic conditions 
negatively  impact  the  Company’s  ability  to  realize  its  deferred  tax  assets.  Evaluating  and  estimating  the  Company’s  tax 
provision, current and deferred tax assets and liabilities and other tax accruals requires significant management judgment. The 
Company intends to indefinitely reinvest undistributed earnings, if any, in its Canadian foreign subsidiaries. It is not practical at 
this time to determine the income tax liability related to any remaining undistributed earnings.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Canadian and Australian governments each enacted legislation to assist companies 
in maintaining liquidity and retaining employees. As a result, the Company recognized benefits of approximately $7.0 million, 
and  $30.8  million  during  the  years  ended  July  31,  2022  and  2021,  respectively,  relating  to  the  Canada  Emergency  Wage 
Subsidy and Australian JobKeeper legislation for its Canadian and Australian employees, which primarily offset Mountain and 
Lodging operating expense.

11. 

Commitments and Contingencies

Guarantees/Indemnifications

As of July 31, 2023, the Company had various letters of credit outstanding totaling $83.0 million, consisting of $53.4 million to 
support  the  Employee  Housing  Bonds;  $6.4  million  to  support  bonds  issued  by  Holland  Creek  Metropolitan  District;  and 
$23.2 million primarily for workers’ compensation, a wind energy purchase agreement and insurance-related deductibles. The 
Company  also  had  surety  bonds  of  $9.5  million  as  of  July  31,  2023,  primarily  to  provide  collateral  for  its  U.S.  workers 
compensation self-insurance programs.

In addition to the guarantees noted above, the Company has entered into contracts in the normal course of business that include 
certain  indemnifications  under  which  it  could  be  required  to  make  payments  to  third  parties  upon  the  occurrence  or  non-
occurrence of certain future events. These indemnities include indemnities related to licensees in connection with third-parties’ 
use  of  the  Company’s  trademarks  and  logos,  liabilities  associated  with  the  infringement  of  other  parties’  technology  and 
software products, liabilities associated with the use of easements, liabilities associated with employment of contract workers 
and the Company’s use of trustees, and liabilities associated with the Company’s use of public lands and environmental matters. 
The duration of these indemnities generally is indefinite and generally do not limit the future payments the Company could be 
obligated to make.

As  permitted  under  applicable  law,  the  Company  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries  have  agreed  to  indemnify  their  directors  and 
officers over their lifetimes for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving the Company or its 
subsidiaries in such a capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make 
under  these  indemnification  agreements  is  unlimited;  however,  the  Company  has  a  director  and  officer  insurance  policy  that 
should enable the Company to recover a portion of any amounts paid.

92

Unless otherwise noted, the Company has not recorded any significant liabilities for the letters of credit, indemnities and other 
guarantees noted above in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, either because the Company has recorded on 
its  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  the  underlying  liability  associated  with  the  guarantee,  the  guarantee  is  with  respect  to  the 
Company’s own performance and is therefore not subject to the measurement requirements as prescribed by GAAP, or because 
the Company has calculated the estimated fair value of the indemnification or guarantee to be immaterial based on the current 
facts  and  circumstances  that  would  trigger  a  payment  under  the  indemnification  clause.  In  addition,  with  respect  to  certain 
indemnifications it is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of liability under these potential obligations due 
to  the  unique  set  of  facts  and  circumstances  likely  to  be  involved  in  each  particular  claim  and  indemnification  provision. 
Historically, payments made by the Company under these obligations have not been material.

As noted above, the Company makes certain indemnifications to licensees for their use of the Company’s trademarks and logos. 
The Company does not record any liabilities with respect to these indemnifications.

Commitments

The operations of Northstar are conducted on land and with operating assets owned by affiliates of EPR Properties, a real-estate 
investment  trust,  primarily  under  operating  leases  which  were  assumed  in  the  acquisition  of  Northstar  by  the  Company.  In 
addition,  the  leases  provide  for  the  payment  of  percentage  rent  of  certain  gross  revenues  generated  at  the  property  over  a 
revenue threshold which is incrementally adjusted annually. The initial term of the leases expires in fiscal 2027 and allows for 
three 10-year extensions at the Company’s option. The operations of Perisher are conducted on land under a license and lease 
granted  by  the  Office  of  Environment  and  Heritage,  an  agency  of  the  New  South  Wales  government,  which  initially 
commenced  in  2008,  and  which  the  Company  assumed  in  its  acquisition  of  Perisher.  The  lease  and  license  has  a  term  that 
expires  in  fiscal  2048  and  allows  for  an  option  to  renew  for  an  additional  20  years.  The  lease  and  license  provide  for  the 
payment  of  an  initial  minimum  annual  base  rent,  with  annual  CPI  increases,  and  percentage  rent  of  certain  gross  revenue 
generated  at  the  property.  The  operations  of  Falls  Creek  and  Hotham  are  conducted  on  land  under  leases  granted  by  the 
Governor of the State of Victoria, Australia and its dependencies, which initially commenced in 1991 and 1992, respectively, 
which the Company assumed in its acquisition of Falls Creek and Hotham in April 2019. The leases have terms that expire in 
fiscal  2041  for  Falls  Creek  and  fiscal  2058  for  Hotham,  and  provide  for  the  payment  of  rent  with  both  a  fixed  and  variable 
component. The operations of Mad River Mountain are conducted on land under a lease granted by EPT Mad River, Inc., which 
initially commenced in 2005, which the Company assumed in its acquisition of Peak Resorts in September 2019. The lease has 
a term that expires in the year ending July 31, 2035, and provides for the payment of an initial minimum annual base rent, with 
annual CPI increases, and percentage rent of certain gross revenue generated at the property. The operations of Laurel Mountain 
are  conducted  on  land  under  a  concessioner  lease  agreement  with  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  acting  through  the 
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (“Department”), which initially commenced in 2018, which the Company 
assumed in its acquisition of the Seven Springs Resorts in December 2021. The agreement has a term that expires in the year 
ending July 31, 2052, and provides for the payment of an initial minimum annual base rent, with bi-annual CPI increases, and 
additional rent based on skier visits. The operations of Andermatt-Sedrun are conducted on (i) land owned by ASA as freehold 
or  leasehold  properties,  including  land  owned  by  Usern  Corporation,  for  which  operations  are  conducted  under  a  main 
framework  concession  agreement  that  expires  in  the  year  ending  July  31,  2033  and  provides  for  annual  concession  and 
administrative fee payments, and land owned by the Swiss Confederation, for which operations are conducted under leasehold 
agreements which expire in the years ending July 31, 2067 and 2068; (ii) land owned by the municipality of Tujetsch, for which 
operations  are  conducted  under  various  building  rights  and  rights  of  way  which  expire  in  the  year  ending  July  31,  2033  and 
provide  for  annual  concession  fee  payments;  and  (iii)  land  owned  by  private  property  owners.  The  transportation  and  ski 
infrastructure  operations  of  Andermatt-Sedrun  also  operate  under  various  concessions  from  the  Federal  Office  of  Transport, 
which  have  terms  expiring  in  the  years  ending  July  31,  2026  through  2042.  Additionally,  the  Company  has  entered  into 
strategic long-term season pass alliance agreements with third-party mountain resorts in which the Company has committed to 
pay minimum revenue guarantees over the remaining terms of these agreements.

The Company has executed or assumed as lessee other operating leases for the rental of office and commercial space, employee 
residential units and land primarily through fiscal 2079. Certain of these leases have renewal terms at the Company’s option, 
escalation  clauses,  rent  holidays  and  leasehold  improvement  incentives.  Rent  holidays  and  rent  escalation  clauses  are 
recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term.  Leasehold  improvement  incentives  are  recorded  as  leasehold 
improvements  and  amortized  over  the  shorter  of  their  economic  lives  or  the  term  of  the  lease.  For  the  years  ended  July  31, 
2023,  2022  and  2021,  the  Company  recorded  lease  expense  (including  for  the  lease  obligations  discussed  above),  excluding 
executory costs, related to these agreements of $71.3 million, $61.2 million and $58.7 million, respectively, which is included 
on  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations.  See  Note  4,  Leases,  for  additional  information  regarding  the 
Company’s leasing arrangements.

93

Self-Insurance

The  Company  is  self-insured  for  claims  under  its  U.S.  health  benefit  plans  and  for  the  majority  of  workers’  compensation 
claims in the U.S. Workers compensation claims in the U.S. are subject to stop loss policies. The self-insurance liability related 
to workers’ compensation is determined actuarially based on claims filed. The self-insurance liability related to claims under 
the Company’s U.S. health benefit plans is determined based on analysis of actual claims. The amounts related to these claims 
are included as a component of accrued benefits in accounts payable and accrued liabilities (see Note 8, Supplementary Balance 
Sheet Information).

Legal

The Company is a party to various lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes the Company has 
adequate  insurance  coverage  and/or  has  accrued  for  all  loss  contingencies  for  asserted  and  unasserted  matters  deemed  to  be 
probable  and  reasonably  estimable  losses.  As  of  July  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  accruals  for  such  loss  contingencies  were  not 
material individually or in the aggregate.

12. 

Segment and Geographic Area Information

Segment Information

The  Company  has  three  reportable  segments:  Mountain,  Lodging  and  Real  Estate.  The  Company  refers  to  “Resort”  as  the 
combination  of  the  Mountain  and  Lodging  segments.  The  Mountain  segment  includes  the  operations  of  the  Company’s 
mountain  resorts/ski  areas  and  related  ancillary  activities.  The  Lodging  segment  includes  the  operations  of  the  Company’s 
owned  hotels,  RockResorts,  NPS  concessioner  properties,  condominium  management,  Colorado  resort  ground  transportation 
operations and mountain resort golf operations. The Real Estate segment owns, develops and sells real estate in and around the 
Company’s  resort  communities.  The  Company’s  reportable  segments,  although  integral  to  the  success  of  the  others,  offer 
distinctly  different  products  and  services  and  require  different  types  of  management  focus.  As  such,  these  segments  are 
managed separately.

The  Company  reports  its  segment  results  using  Reported  EBITDA  (defined  as  segment  net  revenue  less  segment  operating 
expenses,  plus  segment  equity  investment  income  or  loss,  and  for  the  Real  Estate  segment,  plus  gain  or  loss  on  sale  of  real 
property).  The  Company  reports  segment  results  in  a  manner  consistent  with  management’s  internal  reporting  of  operating 
results to the chief operating decision maker (Chief Executive Officer) for purposes of evaluating segment performance.

Items  excluded  from  Reported  EBITDA  are  significant  components  in  understanding  and  assessing  financial  performance. 
Reported EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or substitute for, net income, net change in cash 
and  cash  equivalents  or  other  financial  statement  data  presented  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  as 
indicators of financial performance or liquidity.

The  Company  utilizes  Reported  EBITDA  in  evaluating  the  performance  of  the  Company  and  in  allocating  resources  to  its 
segments.  Mountain  Reported  EBITDA  consists  of  Mountain  net  revenue  less  Mountain  operating  expense  plus  Mountain 
equity investment income or loss. Lodging Reported EBITDA consists of Lodging net revenue less Lodging operating expense. 
Real Estate Reported EBITDA consists of Real Estate net revenue less Real Estate operating expense plus gain or loss on sale 
of  real  property.  All  segment  expenses  include  an  allocation  of  corporate  administrative  expense.  Assets  are  not  used  to 
evaluate performance, except as shown in the table below. The accounting policies specific to each segment are the same as 
those described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

94

The  following  table  presents  key  financial  information  by  reportable  segment,  which  is  used  by  management  in  evaluating 
performance and allocating resources (in thousands):

Net revenue:

Mountain

Lodging

Total Resort net revenue

Real Estate

Total net revenue

Segment operating expense:

Mountain

Lodging

Total Resort operating expense

Real Estate

Total segment operating expense

Gain on sale of real property

Mountain equity investment income, net

Reported EBITDA:

Mountain

Lodging

Resort

Real Estate

Total Reported EBITDA

Real estate held for sale or investment
Reconciliation of net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc. to 
Total Reported EBITDA:
Net income attributable to Vail Resorts, Inc.

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income

Provision for income taxes

Income before provision for income taxes

Depreciation and amortization
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets and other, net (1)
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration

Investment income and other, net

Foreign currency loss (gain) on intercompany loans

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

2,540,906  $ 

2,213,114  $ 

1,702,798 

340,393   

312,090   

2,881,299   

2,525,204   

8,065   

708   

205,142 

1,907,940 

1,770 

2,889,364  $ 

2,525,912  $ 

1,909,710 

1,718,941  $ 

1,404,527  $ 

1,156,743 

328,126   

286,343   

2,047,067   

1,690,870   

10,635   

5,911   

213,239 

1,369,982 

6,676 

2,057,702  $ 

1,696,781  $ 

1,376,658 

842  $ 

605  $ 

1,276  $ 

2,580  $ 

324 

6,698 

822,570  $ 

811,167  $ 

12,267   

834,837   

(1,728)  

833,109  $ 

90,207  $ 

25,747   

836,914   

(3,927)  

832,987  $ 

95,983  $ 

268,148  $ 

347,923  $ 

16,955   

285,103   

88,414   
373,517   

268,501   
9,070   

49,836   

(23,744)  

2,907   

20,414   

368,337   

88,824   
457,161   

252,391   
(43,992)  

20,280   

(3,718)  

2,682   

552,753 

(8,097) 

544,656 

(4,582) 

540,074 

95,615 

127,850 

(3,393) 

124,457 

726 
125,183 

252,585 
5,373 

14,402 

(586) 

(8,282) 

151,399 

540,074 

Interest expense, net

Total Reported EBITDA

153,022   

833,109  $ 

148,183   

832,987  $ 

$ 

(1) During the year ended July 31, 2022, the Company recognized a gain of $32.2 million from the sale of a hotel property in 
Breckenridge.

95

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Geographic Information

Net revenue and property, plant and equipment, net by geographic region are as follows (in thousands):

Net revenue

U.S.
International (1)

Total net revenue

Property, plant and equipment, net

U.S.
International (2)

Total property, plant and equipment, net

Year ended July 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

2,366,342  $ 

2,228,708  $ 

1,717,270 

523,022   

297,204   

192,440 

2,889,364  $ 

2,525,912  $ 

1,909,710 

July 31,

2023

2022

1,754,946  $ 

1,729,400 

616,611   

388,652 

2,371,557  $ 

2,118,052 

$ 

$ 

(1)  The  only  individual  international  country  (i.e.  except  the  U.S.)  to  account  for  more  than  10%  of  the  Company’s  net 
revenue was Canada. Canada accounted for $321.7 million of net revenue for the year ended July 31, 2023. For the years 
ended  July  31,  2022  and  2021  no  individual  international  country  accounted  for  more  than  10%  of  the  Company’s  net 
revenue.

(2) The only individual international country to account for more than 10% of the Company’s property plant and equipment, 
net  was  Canada.  Canada  accounted  for  $324.4  million  and  $272.9  million  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  net  as  of 
July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

13.

Share Repurchase Program

On  March  9,  2006,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  share  repurchase  program,  authorizing  the  Company  to 
repurchase  up  to  3,000,000  Vail  Shares.  On  July  16,  2008,  December  4,  2015  and  March  7,  2023,  the  Company’s  Board  of 
Directors increased the authorization by an additional 3,000,000, 1,500,000 and 2,500,000 Vail Shares, respectively, for a total 
authorization  to  repurchase  up  to  10,000,000  Vail  Shares.  During  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  Company 
repurchased 2,182,594 and 304,567 Vail Shares, respectively (at a total cost of $500.0 million and $75.0 million, respectively, 
excluding accrued excise tax, as discussed further below). The Company did not repurchase any Vail Shares during the year 
ended July 31, 2021. Since inception of this stock repurchase program through July 31, 2023, the Company has repurchased 
8,648,302 shares at a cost of approximately $979.4 million. As of July 31, 2023, 1,351,698 Vail Shares remained available to 
repurchase under the existing share repurchase program, which has no expiration date. Vail Shares purchased pursuant to the 
repurchase program will be held as treasury shares and may be used for issuance under the Company’s employee share award 
plan.

On August 16, 2022 the U.S. government enacted the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which imposed a 1.0% excise tax on 
share  repurchases  (net  of  estimated  share  issuances)  made  after  December  31,  2022.  As  a  result,  the  Company  accrued 
approximately $4.9 million of excise tax in connection with the share repurchases it completed during the year ended July 31, 
2023, which was recorded as an adjustment to the cost basis of repurchased shares in treasury stock and accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of July 31, 2023.

96

 
 
14. 

Stock Compensation Plan

The Company has a share award plan (the “Plan”) which has been approved by the Company’s stockholders. Under the Plan, up 
to  4.4  million  shares  of  common  stock  could  be  issued  in  the  form  of  options,  stock  appreciation  rights,  restricted  shares, 
restricted  share  units,  performance  shares,  performance  share  units,  dividend  equivalents  or  other  share-based  awards  to 
employees, directors or consultants of the Company or its subsidiaries or affiliates. The terms of awards granted under the Plan, 
including exercise price, vesting period and life, are set by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. All share-
based  awards  (except  for  restricted  shares  and  restricted  share  units)  granted  under  the  Plan  have  a  life  of  ten  years.  Most 
awards  vest  ratably  over  three  years;  however,  some  have  been  granted  with  different  vesting  schedules.  Of  the  awards 
outstanding,  none  have  been  granted  to  non-employees  (except  those  granted  to  non-employee  members  of  the  Board  of 
Directors of the Company) under the Plan. At July 31, 2023, approximately 2.1 million share-based awards were available to be 
granted under the Plan.

The fair value of stock-settled stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) granted in the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were 
estimated  on  the  date  of  grant  using  a  lattice-based  option  valuation  model  that  applies  the  assumptions  noted  in  the  table 
below. A lattice-based model considers factors such as exercise behavior, and assumes employees will exercise equity awards at 
different  times  over  the  contractual  life  of  the  equity  awards.  As  a  lattice-based  model  considers  these  factors,  and  is  more 
flexible,  the  Company  considers  it  to  be  a  better  method  of  valuing  equity  awards  than  a  closed-form  Black-Scholes  model. 
Because  lattice-based  option  valuation  models  incorporate  ranges  of  assumptions  for  inputs,  those  ranges  are  disclosed. 
Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company uses historical data to estimate equity 
award  exercises  and  employee  terminations  within  the  valuation  model;  separate  groups  of  employees  that  have  similar 
historical  exercise  behavior  are  considered  separately  for  valuation  purposes.  The  expected  term  of  equity  awards  granted  is 
derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time that equity awards granted are expected 
to be outstanding; the range given below results from certain groups of employees exhibiting different behavior. The risk-free 
rate for periods within the contractual life of the equity award is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the 
time of grant.

Expected volatility
Expected dividend yield
Expected term (average in years)
Risk-free rate

2023
30.0%
3.2%
6.5-6.8
2.7-3.0%

Year ended July 31,

2022
31.0%
2.1%
6.4-6.8
0.1-1.2%

2021
30.7%
3.0%
6.6-6.9
0.1-0.6%

The Company records actual forfeitures related to unvested awards upon employee terminations. 

97

 
  
A summary of aggregate SARs award activity under the Plan as of July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, and changes during the years 
then ended is presented below (in thousands, except exercise price and contractual term):

Awards

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding at August 1, 2020

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at July 31, 2021

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at July 31, 2022

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at July 31, 2023
Vested and expected to vest at July 31, 2023

Exercisable at July 31, 2023

1,061  $ 
205  $ 
(370) $ 
(23) $ 
873  $ 
97  $ 
(278) $ 
(13) $ 
679  $ 
176  $ 
(92) $ 
(53) $ 
710  $ 

699  $ 
459  $ 

138.59 
233.01 
84.20 
236.31 
181.17 
360.69 
93.32 
271.04 
241.13 
220.73 
222.14 
280.09 
235.69 

235.58 
227.36 

6.3 years

6.3 years
5.1 years

$ 

$ 
$ 

15,837 

15,678 
13,075 

The weighted-average grant-date estimated fair value of SARs granted during the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 
was $55.37, $96.20 and $52.30, respectively. The total intrinsic value of SARs exercised during the years ended July 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021 was $3.0 million, $69.1 million and $82.0 million, respectively. The Company had 120,000, 160,000 and 96,000 
SARs  that  vested  during  the  years  ended  July  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  These  awards  had  total  estimated  fair 
values  of  $0.0  million  (due  to  the  exercise  prices  exceeding  the  market  prices  at  the  date  of  vesting),  $16.2  million  and 
$0.1 million at the date of vesting for the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

A  summary  of  the  status  of  the  Company’s  nonvested  SARs  as  of  July  31,  2023  and  changes  during  the  year  then  ended  is 
presented below (in thousands, except fair value amounts):

Nonvested at July 31, 2022

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Nonvested at July 31, 2023

Awards
230
176
(120)
(35)
251

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

71.62 
55.37 
65.98 
71.62 
62.96 

A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested restricted share units as of July 31, 2023 and changes during the year then 
ended is presented below (in thousands, except fair value amounts):

Nonvested at July 31, 2022

Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Nonvested at July 31, 2023

Awards
125
127
(63)
(20)
169

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

277.78 
199.14 
263.14 
245.34 
227.87 

The Company granted 127,000 restricted share units during the year ended July 31, 2023 with a weighted-average grant-date 
estimated fair value of $199.14. The Company granted 68,000 restricted share units during the year ended July 31, 2022 with a 
weighted-average  grant-date  estimated  fair  value  of  $336.57.  The  Company  granted  94,000  restricted  share  units  during  the 

98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
year ended July 31, 2021 with a weighted-average grant-date estimated fair value of $222.17. The Company had 63,000, 68,000 
and 66,000 restricted share units that vested during the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These units had 
a total estimated fair value of $13.3 million, $23.7 million and $15.0 million at the date of vesting for the years ended July 31, 
2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

As  of  July  31,  2023,  there  was  $32.5  million  of  total  unrecognized  compensation  expense  related  to  nonvested  share-based 
compensation  arrangements  granted  under  the  Plan,  of  which  $19.3  million,  $11.4  million  and  $1.8  million  of  expense  is 
expected to be recognized in the years ending July 31, 2024, 2025 and 2026, respectively, assuming no share-based awards are 
granted in the future or forfeited. The tax benefit realized or expected to be realized from SARs exercised and restricted stock 
units vested was $2.5 million, $23.0 million and $24.0 million for the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company has a policy of using either authorized and unissued shares, including shares acquired by purchase in the open 
market, to satisfy equity award exercises.

15. 

Retirement and Profit Sharing Plans

The Company maintains a defined contribution retirement plan (the “Retirement Plan”), qualified under Section 401(k) of the 
Internal  Revenue  Code,  for  its  U.S.  employees.  Under  this  Retirement  Plan,  U.S.  employees  are  eligible  to  make  before-tax 
contributions on the first day of the calendar month following the later of: (i) their employment commencement date or (ii) the 
date they turn 21. Participants may contribute up to 100% of their qualifying annual compensation up to the annual maximum 
specified by the Internal Revenue Code. When the Company participates in 401(k) contribution matching, it matches an amount 
equal to 50% of each participant’s contribution up to 6% of a participant’s bi-weekly qualifying compensation starting the pay 
period containing the first day of the month after obtaining the later of: (i) 12 months of employment with at least 1,000 service 
hours from the commencement date or (ii) if 1,000 hours within the first 12 months was not completed, then after the employee 
completed  a  cumulative  1,500  service  hours.  The  Company’s  matching  contribution  is  entirely  discretionary  and  may  be 
reduced or eliminated at any time.

Total Retirement Plan expense recognized by the Company for the years ended July 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $9.8 million, 
$8.5 million and $6.5 million, respectively.

CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

ITEM 9.

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management  of  the  Company,  including  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  (“CEO”)  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  (“CFO”),  have 
evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this 
Form 10-K. The term “disclosure controls and procedures” means controls and other procedures established by the Company 
that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under 
the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods  specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and 
forms.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  that 
information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  Company  in  the  reports  that  it  files  or  submits  under  the  Exchange  Act  is 
accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely 
decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based upon their evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, the CEO and the CFO concluded that, as of 
the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this  Form  10-K,  the  disclosure  controls  are  effective  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  Company  in  the  reports  that  it  files  or  submits  under  the  Exchange  Act  is 
accumulated  and  communicated  to  management,  including  the  CEO  and  CFO,  as  appropriate,  to  allow  timely  decisions 
regarding  required  disclosure  and  are  effective  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  such  information  is  recorded,  processed, 
summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms.

99

The Company, including its CEO and CFO, does not expect that the Company’s controls and procedures will prevent or detect 
all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, 
assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The report of management required by this item is contained in Item 8. of this Form 10-K under the caption “Management’s 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.”

Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The attestation report required by this item is contained in Item 8. of this Form 10-K under the caption “Report of Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

On August 3, 2022, we completed our acquisition of Andermatt-Sedrun. Andermatt-Sedrun was not previously subject to the 
rules and regulations promulgated under Sarbanes-Oxley and accordingly was not required to establish and maintain an internal 
control  infrastructure  meeting  the  standards  promulgated  under  Sarbanes-Oxley.  Our  assessment  of  and  conclusion  on  the 
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2023 did not include certain elements of the internal 
controls  of  Andermatt-Sedrun.  This  exclusion  is  in  accordance  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission’s  general 
guidance that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from our scope in the year of acquisition.

On  December  31,  2021,  we  completed  our  acquisition  of  the  Seven  Springs  Resorts.  In  accordance  with  the  SEC’s  general 
guidance for recently acquired businesses, our assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of our internal control over 
financial  reporting  as  of  the  fiscal  year  ended  July  31,  2022  did  not  include  certain  elements  of  the  internal  controls  of  the 
Seven Springs Resorts. However, as of July 31, 2023, the Seven Springs Resorts are now included within our assessment of and 
conclusion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. 

Excluding  Andermatt-Sedrun  and  the  Seven  Springs  Resorts,  there  were  no  changes  in  the  Company’s  internal  control  over 
financial  reporting  during  the  year  ended  July  31,  2023  that  have  materially  affected,  or  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially 
affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION.

Director and Officer Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements

During the three months ended July 31, 2023, none of the Company’s directors or “officers” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under 
the  Exchange  Act)  adopted,  modified  or  terminated  “Rule  10b5-1  trading  arrangements”  or  “non-Rule  10b5-1  trading 
arrangements” (each as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).

DISCLOSURE  REPORTING  REGARDING  FOREIGN  JURISDICTIONS  THAT  PREVENT 

ITEM  9C. 
INSPECTIONS.

Not applicable.

PART III

We  expect  to  file  with  the  SEC  in  October  2023  (and,  in  any  event,  not  later  than  120  days  after  the  close  of  our  last  fiscal 
year), a definitive Proxy Statement, pursuant to SEC Regulation 14A in connection with our Annual Meeting of Shareholders to 
be held in December 2023.

100

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders under the sections entitled “Information with Respect to Nominees,” “Management” 
and “Corporate Governance.”

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders under the section entitled “Executive Compensation.”

ITEM 12.

SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders under the sections entitled “Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers,” 
“Information  as  to  Certain  Stockholders”  and  “Executive  Compensation  -  Securities  Authorized  for  Issuance  under  Equity 
Compensation Plans.”

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the  2023  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  under  the  sections  entitled  “Determinations  Regarding  Independence”  and 
“Transactions with Related Persons.”

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for 
the  2023  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  under  the  section  entitled  “Proposal  2.  Ratification  of  the  Selection  of  Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm.”

PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

a)

Index to Financial Statements.

(1)

(2)

(3)

See Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for the index to the Financial Statements.

Schedules have been omitted because they are not required or not applicable, or the required information is 
shown in the financial statements or notes to the financial statements.

See the Index to Exhibits below.

The following exhibits are either filed or furnished herewith (as applicable) or, if so indicated, incorporated by reference to the 
documents  indicated  in  parentheses,  which  have  previously  been  filed  or  furnished  (as  applicable)  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission.

101

 
Posted
Exhibit
Number
2.1

Description

3.1

2.3

2.2

3.2

2.4

Transaction Agreement, dated as of May 24, 2013, between VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and ASC Utah LLC, Talisker 
Land Holdings, LLC, Talisker Canyons Lands LLC, Talisker Canyons Leaseco LLC, American Skiing Company 
Resort Properties LLC, Talisker Canyons Propco LLC and Talisker Canyons Finance Co LLC. (Incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on May 30, 2013) (File No. 001-09614).
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2014, between VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and Greater Park 
City Company, Powdr Corp., Greater Properties, Inc., Park Properties, Inc. and Powdr Development Company. 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 
2014) (File No. 001-09614).
Arrangement Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2016, between Vail Resorts, Inc., 1068877 B.C. Ltd. and Whistler 
Blackcomb Holdings Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on 
August 8, 2016) (File No. 001-09614).
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 20, 2019, by and among Vail Holdings, Inc., VRAD Holdings, 
Inc. and Peak Resorts, Inc., and solely with respect to Section 9.14, Vail Resorts, Inc. (Incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 2.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on July 22, 2019) (File No. 001-09614).
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Vail Resorts, Inc., dated January 5, 2005. (Incorporated by 
reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  on  Form  10-Q  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  for  the  quarter  ended  January  31,  2005)(File  No. 
001-09614).
Certificate  of  Amendment  of  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  dated 
December  7,  2011.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  filed  on 
December 8, 2011) (File No. 001-09614).
Certificate  of  Designations  of  Special  Voting  Preferred  Stock  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  dated  October  17,  2016. 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on October 17, 2016) (File No. 
001-09614).
Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  dated  December  7,  2011.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 3.2 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on December 8, 2011) (File No. 001-09614).
Indenture,  dated  May  4,  2020,  by  and  among  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  the  Guarantors  named  therein  and  U.S.  Bank 
National Association, as Trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed 
on May 4, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Indenture, dated December 18, 2020, by and between Vail Resorts, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as 
Trustee (including the form of 0.00% Convertible Senior Note due 2026). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
4.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on December 18, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Description  of  Securities  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.1  on  Form  10-Q  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  for  the 
quarter ended October 31, 2020 (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Heavenly ski area, dated April 29, 2002 (File No. 001-09614).
Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Keystone  ski  area,  dated  December  30,  1996.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 99.2(a) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
10.2(b) Amendment No. 2 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
99.2(b) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
10.2(c) Amendment No. 3 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.1
10.2(a)

4.2

4.1

3.4

4.3

3.3

10.3 (c) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).

10.2(d) Amendment No. 4 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.3 (d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).

10.2(e) Amendment No. 5 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Keystone ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.3(a)

10.3(b)

10.3(c)

10.3(d)

10.3(e)

10.3(f)

10.4(a)

10.3 (e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Breckenridge ski area, dated December 31, 1996. (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 99.3(a) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  1  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 99.3(b) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  2  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 (c) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  3  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 (d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  4  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 (e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  5  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Breckenridge  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4(f) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended January 31, 2006) (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Beaver Creek ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4(a) on Form 
10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).

102

Posted
Exhibit
Number
10.4(b)

10.4(c)

10.4(d)

10.4(e)

10.4(f)

10.5(a)

10.5(b)

10.5(c)

10.5(d)

10.5(e)

10.6*

10.7*

10.8*

10.9*

10.10*

10.11

10.12

10.13*

10.14*

10.15*

10.16*

10.17*

10.18(a)

10.18(b)

Description

Exhibits to Forest Service Unified Permit for Beaver Creek ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4(b) 
on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  1  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.5(c) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  2  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.5(d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
10.5(e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  3  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Beaver  Creek  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4(f) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2008) (File No. 001-09614).
Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area, dated November 23, 1993. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
99.5(a) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Exhibits to Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5(b) on Form 
10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment  No.  2  to  Forest  Service  Unified  Permit  for  Vail  ski  area.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
99.5(c) on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2002) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment No. 3 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 
(d) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Amendment No. 4 to Forest Service Unified Permit for Vail ski area. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 
(e) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2005) (File No. 001-09614).
Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  Amended  and  Restated  2002  Long  Term  Incentive  and  Share  Award  Plan.  (Incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 99.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on December 10, 2009) (File No. 001-09614).
Form  of  Restricted  Share  Unit  Agreement.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on December 7, 2015) (File Number 001-09614).
Form of Share Appreciation Rights Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on December 7, 2015) (File Number 001-09614).
Vail Resorts Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of January 1, 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.22 on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2009) (File No. 001-09614).
Executive  Employment  Agreement,  between  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  and  Kirsten  A.  Lynch  effective  November  1, 
2021.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  report  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  filed  on 
November 1, 2021) (File No. 001-09614).
Form of Indemnification Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the report on Form 8-K of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on October 13, 2021 (File No. 001-09614).
Master Agreement of Lease, dated May 29, 2013, between VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and Talisker Canyons Leaseco 
LLC. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on May 30, 2013) (File 
No. 001-09614).
Guaranty of Vail Resorts, Inc., dated May 29, 2013, in connection with the Master Agreement of Lease between 
VR CPC Holdings, Inc. and Talisker Canyons Leaseco LLC. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 
8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on May 30, 2013) (File No. 001-09614).
Vail Resorts, Inc. Management Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2021) (File No. 001-09614).
Vail Resorts, Inc. 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. filed on December 7, 2015) (File Number 001-09614).
Form of Restricted Share Unit Agreement (effective September 23, 2020) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.17 on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2020) (File Number 001-09614).
Form  of  Share  Appreciation  Rights  Agreement  (effective  September  23,  2020)  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.18 on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2020) (File Number 001-09614).
Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, Annex A to that certain Amendment Agreement, dated as of 
August 15, 2018, among Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, U.S. 
Bank  National  Association  and  Wells  Fargo,  National  Association,  as  co-syndication  Agents,  and  the  Lenders 
party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended 
October 31, 2018) (File No. 001-09614).
First Amendment to the Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 15, 2019, among Vail 
Holdings, Inc., as borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, on its own behalf and on behalf 
of the Lenders party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. for the 
quarter ended April 30, 2019) (File No. 001-09614).

103

Posted
Exhibit
Number
10.18(c)

Description

Second  Amendment  to  the  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  September  23,  2019, 
among Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, on its own behalf 
and  on  behalf  of  the  Lenders  party  thereto.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  on  Form  10-Q  of  Vail 
Resorts, Inc. for the quarter ended October 31, 2019) (File No. 001-09614).

10.18(e)

10.18(d) Third  Amendment  to  the  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  April  28,  2020,  among 
Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, on its own behalf and on 
behalf of the Lenders party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. 
for the quarter ended April 30, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Fourth  Amendment  to  the  Eighth  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  18,  2020, 
between  Vail  Holdings,  Inc.,  as  borrower,  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  and  certain  subsidiaries  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.,  as 
guarantors,  and  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  as  administrative  agent,  on  its  own  behalf  and  on  the  behalf  of  the 
Lenders  party  thereto.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  on  Form  8-K  of  Vail  Resorts,  Inc.  filed  on 
December 18, 2020) (File No. 001-09614).
Fifth Amendment to the Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2022, between 
Vail Holdings, Inc., as borrower, Vail Resorts, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of Vail Resorts, Inc., as guarantors, 
and  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  as  administrative  agent,  on  its  own  behalf  and  on  the  behalf  of  the  Lenders  party 
thereto. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19(f) on Form 10-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on September 28, 
2022) (File No. 001-09614).
Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 14, 2023, among Whistler Mountain Resort 
Limited Partnership and Blackcomb Skiing Enterprises Limited Partnership, as borrowers, the Guarantors Party 
hereto, the Financial Institutions named herein, The Toronto-Dominion Bank, as administrative agent, on its own 
behalf and on behalf of the Lenders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q of Vail Resorts, Inc. 
for the quarter ended April 30, 2023) (File No. 001-09614).

10.18(f)

10.19

10.21

10.22

10.20 Whistler  Mountain  Master  Development  Agreement,  dated  as  of  February  23,  2017,  between  Her  Majesty  the 
Queen  in  Right  of  the  Province  of  British  Columbia  and  Whistler  Mountain  Resort  Limited  Partnership 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on February 27, 2017) (File 
No. 001-09614).
Blackcomb Mountain Master Development Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2017, between Her Majesty the 
Queen  in  Right  of  the  Province  of  British  Columbia  and  Blackcomb  Skiing  Enterprises  Limited  Partnership 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K of Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on February 27, 2017) (File 
No. 001-09614).
Form of Separation Agreement and General Release (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K of 
Vail Resorts, Inc. filed on March 2, 2023) (File No. 001-09614).
Subsidiaries of Vail Resorts, Inc.
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Power of Attorney. Included on signature pages hereto.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certifications  of  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350  as 
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

21
23
24
31.1
31.2
32

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104

The cover page from this Annual Report on Form 10-K, formatted in inline XBRL.

*Management contracts and compensatory plans and arrangements.

ITEM 16.

FORM 10-K SUMMARY.

None.

104

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: September 28, 2023

Vail Resorts, Inc.

Date: September 28, 2023

By:

By:

/s/ Angela A. Korch
Angela A. Korch

Executive Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Vail Resorts, Inc.

/s/ Nathan Gronberg

Nathan Gronberg

Vice President, Controller and 
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Angela A. Korch or Nathan Gronberg his or her 
true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her 
name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments or supplements to this Form 10-K and to file the 
same  with  all  exhibits  thereto  and  other  documents  in  connection  therewith,  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission, 
granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary 
or appropriate to be done with this Form 10-K and any amendments or supplements hereto, as fully to all intents and purposes 
as  he  or  she  might  or  could  do  in  person,  hereby  ratifying  and  confirming  all  that  said  attorney-in-fact  and  agent,  or  their 
substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the  following 
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on September 28, 2023.

105

/s/ Kirsten A. Lynch
Kirsten A. Lynch

/s/ Angela A. Korch
Angela A. Korch

/s/ Nathan Gronberg
Nathan Gronberg

/s/ Robert A. Katz
Robert A. Katz

/s/ Susan L. Decker
Susan L. Decker

/s/ Nadia Rawlinson
Nadia Rawlinson

/s/ John T. Redmond
John T. Redmond

/s/ Michele Romanow
Michele Romanow

/s/ Hilary A. Schneider
Hilary A. Schneider

/s/ D. Bruce Sewell
D. Bruce Sewell

/s/ John F. Sorte
John F. Sorte

/s/ Peter A. Vaughn
Peter A. Vaughn

Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

Executive Chairperson of the Board
Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

106

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE DATA 

Board of Directors 

Senior Executives 

Corporate Information 

Kirsten A. Lynch 
Chief Executive Officer 

Timothy M. April 
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Information Officer 

Angela Korch  
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Financial Officer 

Lynanne J. Kunkel 
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Human Resources Officer 

Bill Rock 
President – Mountain Division 

David T. Shapiro 
Executive Vice President, General 
Counsel and Secretary 

Greg Sullivan 
Executive Vice President, 
Retail/Rental and Hospitality 

Corporate Offices 
Vail Resorts, Inc. 
390 Interlocken Crescent 
Broomfield, Colorado 80021 
303.404.1800 

Stock Exchange Listing 
The common shares of Vail 
Resorts, Inc. are listed and traded 
on the New York Stock Exchange 
under the ticker symbol MTN. 

Independent Auditors 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Denver, Colorado 

Transfer Agent and Registrar 
EQ Shareowner Services by 
Equiniti 
St. Paul, Minnesota 
800.468.9716 

Investor Relations 
InvestorRelations@vailresorts.com 

Kenny Thompson, Jr.  
Senior Vice President and Chief Public 
Affairs Officer 

Websites 
www.vailresorts.com 
www.snow.com  

Robert A. Katz 
Executive Chairperson 
Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Susan L. Decker 
Chief Executive Officer and              
Co-Founder,    
Raftr 

Kirsten A. Lynch 
Chief Executive Officer                          
Vail Resorts, Inc. 

Nadia Rawlinson 
Operating Chairman,  
WNBA – Chicago Sky   

John T. Redmond 
Former Chief Executive Officer, 
Allegiant Travel Company 

Michele Romanow 
Co-Founder and Executive Chairman, 
Clearco 

Hilary A. Schneider 
Strategic Advisor to the Board of 
Directors,  
Shutterfly, LLC 

D. Bruce Sewell 
Former Senior Vice President,  
General Counsel & Secretary, 
Apple Inc. 

John F. Sorte 
Executive Chairman, 
Morgan Joseph TriArtisan Group Inc.  

Peter A. Vaughn 
Founder and Managing Director, 
Vaughn Advisory Group, LLC