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Alba Mineral Resources plc

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FY2022 Annual Report · Alba Mineral Resources plc
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Company No. 05285814 

Alba Mineral Resources plc 

REPORT AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONTENTS 

Officers and professional advisers 

Chairman’s Statement 

Strategic Report 

Directors’ Report 

Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Income Statement  

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 

Company Cash Flow Statement   

Notes to the Financial Statements 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

OFFICERS AND PROFESSIONAL ADVISERS 

DIRECTORS  
George Frangeskides (Chairman) 
Michael Nott 
Elizabeth Henson 

SECRETARY 
Ben Harber 

REGISTERED IN ENGLAND & WALES 
Company Number 05285814 

REGISTERED OFFICE 
6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch St 
London EC3V 0HR 

NOMINATED ADVISERS 
SPARK Advisory Partners Limited 
5 St. John’s Lane 
London EC1M 4BH 

BROKERS 
CMC Markets 
133 Houndsditch 
London EC3A 7BX 

AUDITOR 
PKF Littlejohn LLP 
15 Westferry Circus 
London E14 4HD 

SOLICITORS 
Memery Crystal 
165 Fleet Street 
London EC4A 2DY 

PRINCIPAL BANKERS 
Metro Bank 
One Southampton Row 
London WC1B 5HA 

REGISTRARS 
Share Registrars Limited 
3 Millennium Centre 
Crosby Way 
Farnham 
Surrey 
GU9 7XX 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

The Board of Alba Mineral Resources plc is pleased to report the results for the financial year ended 30 November 
2022.   

References to the “Company” or “Alba” are to Alba Mineral Resources plc and references to the “Group” are to 
Alba collectively with its Subsidiary Companies (as listed in Note 12).  

Chairman’s Statement 

Our overall objective is to unearth hidden value from previously drilled or mined projects and to this end we are 

advancing  multiple  projects  in  the  UK  including  the  Clogau-St  David’s  Gold  Mine  (“Clogau”  or  the  "Clogau 

Project")),  the  Gwynfynydd  Gold  Mine  and  the  Dolgellau  Gold  Exploration  Project.  Additionally,  we  hold 

significant stakes in two investee companies: GreenRoc Mining plc (“GreenRoc”), a Greenland-dedicated listed 

vehicle, spun out of Alba to fast-track the development of its advanced graphite and ilmenite projects; and Horse 

Hill Developments Ltd (‘Horse Hill’), a UK based oil producer.  

Our share price performance this year has certainly been hit by the ongoing delays in securing the environmental 

permits we need at Clogau so that we can proceed with our planned work activities at our primary exploration 

and development target in the Lower Llechfraith workings.  We first applied for these permits in early 2021, and 

so it is inevitable that a delay of now more than two years would cause some disquiet in the market.   

After we took Clogau over in 2018, we had a very good run for two to three years of securing on a timely basis 

the  ongoing  permits  required  for  our  exploration  work.    This  enabled  us  to  undertake  substantial  drilling 

programmes both from surface and underground, to roll out extensive regional exploration programmes over 

several miles of the Dolgellau Gold Field and to carry out two successful pitting and sampling campaigns over the 

historic waste tip at Clogau.  Unfortunately, since then our exploration activities, the objective of which has always 

been  to  discover  sufficient  resources  of  gold  to  justify  making  a  decision  to  reopen  Clogau  for  commercial 

production,  have  been  on  hold  as  the  competent  regulator  has  determined  that  a  full  Habitat  Regulations 

Assessment (or “HRA”) of the entire mining project at Clogau would be required before any further permits could 

be considered. However, we hope that we are now entering the final straight of this process and that we will be 

able to get on with our work activities again in the near future. 

In January 2022, I purchased over 10 million ordinary shares in the Company on market at an average price of 

0.1475p, paying consideration of around £15,000.  Following these purchases, which were made into an ISA, I 

now hold over 48 million ordinary shares in Alba, representing around 0.68 per cent of its issued share capital. 

Although  Alba  management’s  ability  to  invest  in  Alba  shares  is  restricted  for  large  parts  of  the  year  by  the 

prevalence of “close periods” for share dealings, I hope to be able to make further investments in the coming 

year to demonstrate my steadfast belief in the inherent value of the Company’s assets and prospects.  

This year we have continued to focus on Clogau, where our objective remains to identify sufficient grades and 

quantities of gold to support the restart of commercial operations at the mine and take advantage of the strong 

gold  price.    Welsh  gold  occupies  a  unique  place  in  the  gold  market,  putting  us  in  a  good  position  to  pursue 

commercialisation opportunities such as entering into a joint venture with a luxury international brand for the 

production of bespoke or high-end jewellery products or producing Welsh gold coins or bars for the investment 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

market. To that end, we have been working with a gold supply chain expert, Vivien Johnston Glass, as we seek to 

maximise the commercial opportunities presented by this exceptional project.  Vivien has a strong commitment 

to ethics and sustainability and a great deal of experience in the establishment of a robust chain of custody.  These 

elements will be key to our ability to prove the unique provenance of our gold and thereby justify the high prices 

we expect to be able to secure for our products. 

During the year we completed the acquisition of the remaining 10% of the Clogau Project not owned  by Alba, 

taking our ownership to 100%. This is a measure of our confidence in the long-term prospects for Clogau. The 

10% minority stake had been free carried to commercial production and the vendors also held a 4% net smelter 

return royalty over the Project, so acquiring both the free carried interest as well as buying back 75% of the royalty 

greatly improves the economic viability of the project for Alba. 

Since mid-2018, we have undertaken circa 3,500 metres drilling from surface and underground at Clogau resulting 

in the identification of several high-priority development targets. New discoveries include the Upper Lode in the 

Llechfraith Payshoot and the New Branch Lode in the Main Lode System.   As shareholders will be aware,  the 

competent regulator Natural Resources Wales (‘NRW’) turned down our permit applications in 2021 which sought 

permission  to  dewater  the  Llechfraith  Shaft  and  associated  workings.  Considerable  ecological  work  by  our 

technical team and ecological advisers has continued during 2022 both to address ongoing issues raised by NRW 

during its review of our applications and to feed into the overarching HRA for Clogau, which NRW notified us in 

2021 that it wished to undertake.  

With the kind assistance of our local member of the UK Parliament, Liz Savile Roberts MP, we held a site visit at 

the  mine  in  September  2022.  This  was  attended  by  Liz  along  with  our  Welsh  Parliament  (Senedd  Cymru) 

representative, Mabon ap Gwynfor MS, a number of representatives from NRW as well as local Councillors and 

other interested parties.  Following that very positive meeting, in October 2022 we submitted to NRW an updated 

version of our Report to Inform a Habitat Regulations Assessment, together with renewed applications for a water 

discharge  permit  and  a  European  Protected  Species  licence  (“EPSL”)  in  respect  of  the  proposed  dewatering 

exercise  and  subsequent  safety  and  exploratory  works  at  the  Company's  primary  target  within  the  Lower 

Llechfraith workings at Clogau. As reported in late March, the Company received comments from NRW covering 

a relatively narrow set of points relating to the EPSL including noise mitigation measures, biosecurity and the 

duration of the proposed exclusion measures for bats.  Following the generation of some further baseline data in 

respect of noise, we have now submitted that data and a full set of responses to NRW’s comments.  The Company 

is hopeful, therefore, that NRW will be able to proceed to a decision shortly on the grant of the permits so that 
our dewatering activities may proceed as soon as possible.  

At the same time, we are developing plans to excavate further from Clogau’s historic waste tip (the “Waste Tip”). 

The Phase 2 programme at the Waste Tip achieved strong concentrate grades of up to 1,000 g/t, with an average 

across the five pits of 503 g/t.  What is more, independent assaying has confirmed that the overall head grade of 

the fine material taken from the Waste Tip averages 1.7 g/t, which is a significant upgrade on the average grade 

achieved from sampling the same material prior to the processing stage. This is unsurprising given what we know 

about the nuggety effect of the gold at Clogau, and it bodes well for the commercial viability of mining the Waste 
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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Tip.  Current estimations of the higher-grade portion of the Waste Tip indicate an in-situ tonnage of approximately 

11,000 tonnes, of which up to 4,000 tonnes of fine material (<20mm) could be available for processing for gold. 

As reported in March, as soon as the Lower Llechfraith dewatering permitting has been secured and the HRA 
completed, we intend to push forward with our permitting and technical activities in relation to the Waste Tip. 

At our other exploration licences, which host the Gwynfynyndd Gold Mine located north of Clogau and the wider 

188 km² Dolgellau Gold Exploration Project (“DGEP”), we are laying the groundwork to advance plans for more 

exploration work to define resources in previously unmined areas. These include the new high-grade regional 

gold target, Hafod Owen, which we identified in July 2021, with grab samples grading up to 24 g/t.   

We plan to fly a high-resolution UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) aeromagnetic geophysical survey over key targets 

within  the  DGEP  to  pinpoint  the  bedrock  sources  of  geochemical  anomalies  and  refine  targets  for  follow  up 

groundwork, including drilling.  The timing for the survey was delayed in 2022 due to a backlog of applications to 

the Civil Aviation Authority (“CAA”). At the time of writing, the latest estimated timetable from our contractor 

UAVE Ltd is that they are hopeful the CAA approvals will be through in time for the carrying out of the survey 

operations in July of this year. 

Just after the year end, we surrendered our Limerick Base Metals Project.  Located in the Irish Ore Field, targets 

identified for exploration drilling could not be progressed during 2022 as planned, due to landowner access issues. 

Alternative drill collar locations proved not to be economically viable and, as the Group could not progress its 

exploration activities further, under the terms of the licence we were obliged to surrender the licence. 

In late 2021 we successfully spun out our portfolio of Greenlandic assets into GreenRoc Mining plc, a new AIM-

quoted  company  which raised a gross  amount  of £5.1 million on its IPO and which now  owns  100%  of those 

Greenland  assets.  Our  strategy  of  creating  a  Greenland-focused  vehicle  has  been  validated  by  the  excellent 

progress made by GreenRoc throughout 2022.  Highlights have included: 

-  A  highly  successful  follow-up  drilling  campaign  in  the  summer  of  2022,  which  culminated  in  the 

announcement of a near threefold increase in the Resource for the Amitsoq Island Deposit, with the total 

graphite content rising from 1.63Mt to 4.71Mt.  

-  A revised average Resource grade of 20.41% C(g)  that puts Amitsoq in a very select group of just two 

advanced graphite projects globally which have average grades of more than 20% C(g), the other one 

being the Vittangi deposit owned by Talga Group (ASX: TLG), which has a market cap of circa £360 million.  

- 

The completion of advanced test work by specialist consultants which confirmed that graphite 

concentrate from Amitsoq is “very suitable” for micronisation and spheronisation, those being the 

processes by which spherical graphite is produced for the electric vehicle (or “EV”) sector.  

-  At the Thule Black Sands (“TBS”) Ilmenite Project, the completion of further ecological and other studies 

in the field which will feed into the development of an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) for the 

project, a key component for a future Mining Licence application.  

- 

The  appointment  of  Stefan  Bernstein  as  GreenRoc’s  CEO.  A  Danish  geologist  with  a  comprehensive 

understanding  of  the  Greenland's  geological  landscape  and  decades-long  experience  in  Greenland's 

mining sector, Stefan is ideally equipped to drive GreenRoc forward and to achieve its goal of achieving 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

commercial production from one of more of its assets, with the focus very much being on GreenRoc’s 

flagship asset, Amitsoq.  

The substantially upgraded Resource for Amitsoq will underpin the feasibility studies GreenRoc will be carrying 

out this year as it moves towards a Mining Licence application and seeks to progress discussions with interested 
industry and offtake partners in the coming months.  

At the year end, Alba had a 54% stake in GreenRoc such that GreenRoc is fully consolidated in these results. Since 

year end, funding requirements to push the Amitsoq project forward have meant a dilution in Alba’s stake in 

GreenRoc to 44.67%, but we remain by some distance the largest shareholder and remain heavily involved in the 

strategic direction and development of the company.   

News  from  the  Horse  Hill  oil  field,  in  which  we  have  an  investment  of  11.675%  via  our  holding  in  Horse  Hill 

Developments Limited ("HHDL"), included formal consent for the recompletion (i.e., conversion) of the Horse Hill-

2z well into a water reinjection well.  More recently, plans have been announced for a 3D seismic survey, and 

possible drilling of a new well, at Horse Hill in a proposed new farm-in arrangement. The proposed transaction is 

stated  to  be  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  a  number  of  conditions,  including  the  consent  of  all  HHDL's 

shareholders, including Alba, and as such we intend to consider closely the merits of the proposed transaction 

for Alba and its shareholders. 

At the balance sheet date we reviewed the valuation of Alba’s investment in HHDL and judged that the asset 

value should be written down to £2.6 million, which aligns with the valuation attributed to its own interest by 

HHDL’s majority shareholder.  

Financial Review 

The results as reported for 2022 include both Alba Mineral Resources plc and GreenRoc Mining plc, as Alba’s 54% 

shareholding  at  the  year end  requires  that  company to  be  consolidated  as  part  of  the  Alba  Group.  GreenRoc 

Mining  plc  reports  separately  on 

its  own  financial  results,  which  can  be  found  on 

its  website 

www.greenrocmining.com. 

We achieved a successful placing in November 2022, raising £500,000 before issue costs. For a detailed financial 

review, see the Strategic Report which follows this statement. 

Outlook  

We continue to be very bullish about the prospects for our 100% owned Welsh gold assets.  Although the ongoing 

hiatus  in  the  planned  in-mine  work  activities  at  Clogau  has  been  frustrating,  we  believe  that  we  are  finally 

approaching a conclusion to the current ecological permitting process and that the HRA, once concluded, can 

provide a framework for a more streamlined and efficient process for future permitting applications.  

In terms of our non-operating assets, most  importantly our investment  in GreenRoc, substantial progress has 

been made at the flagship Amitsoq graphite project over the past 12 months which is shaping up to be a truly 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

world-class  asset.  I  can  personally  testify  to  the  immense  interest  in  it  from  potential  international  strategic 

investors and industry partners with whom I have engaged in my capacity as GreenRoc Chairman over the past 

several months.  In this way, our decision to spin out our Greenland assets into a new, Greenland-focused listed 

vehicle has already shown its worth, and all that is needed now is for the market to properly recognise what, to 

me, is a greatly undervalued asset.  

At the same time as developing our existing assets and supporting our investee companies, we are also focused 

on securing one or more additional complementary assets for Alba which will help drive serious value and growth 

for shareholders into the future. 

Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank the Board and our management team for their continued 

hard work and dedication over the course of the year and to thank our shareholders for their ongoing support.  I 

look forward to continuing our work in the year ahead  and delivering on our overriding objective, which is to 

generate significant value for all our shareholders. 

George Frangeskides, Executive Chairman, 4 May 2023 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

The Directors present the strategic report for Alba Mineral Resources plc for the year ended 30 November 2022.   

References to the “Company” or “Alba” are to Alba Mineral Resources plc and references to the “Group” are to 
Alba collectively with its Subsidiary Companies (as listed in Note 12).   

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 
The Group’s principal activity is exploration for and development of natural resources. 

BUSINESS REVIEW 
The  Company  operates  principally  as  a  holding  company  and  specifically  provides  support  to  the  Subsidiary 
Companies, which own and operate mining projects in Greenland (graphite, ilmenite, and iron ore), Wales (gold), 
as well as having an investment in the onshore UK oil and gas sector. 

The  Group’s  stated  focus  is  unearthing  hidden  value  from  previously  drilled  or  mined  projects.  The  Directors 
believe that the Group’s asset and investment portfolio provides access to a range of assets with potential to add 
significant  value  for  the  Company’s  shareholders  in  the  long-term.   Our  strategy,  where  possible,  is  to  target 
assets that have a production history and are in stable jurisdictions, and which thereby offer real potential to be 
brought  into  commercial  production.    A  review  of  activities  across  the  portfolio  is  given  in  the  Chairman’s 
Statement on pages 2-6.  

The key challenge for the Company is identifying the most effective, including the most cost-effective, methods 
for progressing mineral exploration activities at our projects, with the aim being to materially advance the level 
of  knowledge  and  confidence  in  the  potential  of  our  projects  and  thereby  justify  the  committing  of  further 
resources to progress those projects rapidly through exploration and into the development phase.    

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIs) 
At  this  stage  in  the  Company’s  development,  the  Directors  regularly  monitor  key  performance  indicators 
associated with funding risk, being primarily projected cash flows associated with general administrative expenses 
and projected cash flows on a project-by-project basis. This year the Company has been able to raise the funds 
as needed to finance its activities. 

Performance  of  projects  is  assessed  using  measures specific  to  that  project.  As  an  exploration  group  with  no 
production or proven reserves, evaluation is based on exploration results and technical reports and assessments. 
In  the  review  of  activities,  we  have  identified  for  each  project  the  exploration  results  or  assessments  that 
demonstrate the progress that is being made on that project.  These assessments also inform our plans for future 
work and assist in determining how much of our funding we allocate to each project. 

In the prior year, the Board identified the following specific KPIs or milestones considered to be material indicators 
of value having been added to the Company:  

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

Securing the necessary permissions and then undertaking development to access one or more key 
underground mine targets within the Clogau-St David’s Gold Mine. 
Submitting a planning application for the exploitation of the Waste Tip at the Clogau-St David’s Gold 
Mine and/or for the reopening of the Clogau-St David’s Gold Mine for commercial production. 
A maiden Mineral Resource estimate being announced in respect of at least one of Alba’s projects or 
investments or that the declared level of Resources on any project or investment is increased. 
The  identification  and  securing  of  an  interest  in  a  mining  project  which  is  complementary  to  the 
Company’s existing portfolio and where the Company has determined there is significant potential 
for near-term production. 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

In respect of (i), at the date of this report the achievement of this milestone is subject to a number of factors and 
outside the control of the Company.  It remains a KPI for the Company. 

In respect of (ii), in order to allow the competent regulator and other relevant stakeholders to focus on existing 
permitting applications, the Company has deferred this objective until completion of (i) above. It remains a KPI of 
the company in 2023. 

In respect of (iii), GreenRoc Mining plc announced a maiden Mineral Resource estimate for the Amitsoq graphite 
project on 8 March 2022 and an upgraded Mineral Resource estimate for the project on 23 January 2023.  

In respect of (iv), the Company continues to actively seek and review projects that show significant potential for 
near-term production and this remains a KPI for the current year. 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 
Principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group are:  
(i) 

Funding risk –  the  risk that  the  group will not  be  able to raise sufficient funds to continue  as a going 
concern or to progress exploration activities;  
Exploration risk – the risk that exploration programmes are not successful; and 
Global events – such as geopolitical uncertainty and public health incidents. 

(ii) 
(iii) 

Funding risk 
As reported in Note 1b) to these Accounts, there is a material uncertainty that the Group can obtain sufficient 
funding to continue as a going concern as it does not have cash to cover 12 months of planned spend. Given its 
strong track record in raising funds as needed, the Directors have prepared these accounts on the going concern 
basis but must highlight this to users of the Report and Accounts. For further information see Note 1b) on page 
35. 

Exploration risk 
Every project has exploration risk attached, being the risk that the project is not successful in finding, developing 
and/or extracting sufficient quantities of minerals to be commercially viable.  

Specific  risks  are  identified,  evaluated  and  addressed  on  a  project-by-project  basis  and  can  include  finding 
insufficient reserves of minerals, difficulty in accessing minerals identified or complexity of extraction methods 
required, obtaining environmental or regulatory consents  required for exploration and development, meeting 
commitments under a licence and licence expiry dates. 

The Company considers all such matters when evaluating and planning its activities.  

Global events 
Both funding risk and exploration risk can be  materially  increased by the impact  of international  geopolitical, 
financial and public health developments such as a pandemic, whether due to the resulting logistical challenges, 
because of the unavailability of exploration personnel, equipment or materials or because of any negative effect 
on capital markets and the availability of funding. 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

Income Statement  
Group operating losses of £1,623,000 (before impairments) compared to £1,067,000 in 2021 reflects a full year 
of admin expenses for GreenRoc Mining plc, meaning that Alba Group results show the costs of two AIM-listed 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

companies, with their necessary costs - fees, professional advisers and Boards. Alba company’s operating loss 
remained at a similar level of ~£800,000 year on year. 

GreenRoc Mining plc publishes its own Report and Accounts, available on their website and via RNS, with further 
detail. The impairment charge for the year relates to the Greenlandic project Inglefield Land (£199,000) plus the 
write down of the Company’s investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited by £785,000. 

Balance sheet 
Group  net  assets  have  decreased  from  £12.9  million  to  £11.3  million.  The  drop  reflects  the  impairment  of 
Inglefield  Land  by  £0.2m,  the  investment  in  HHDL  by  £0.8m  and  the  relative  increase  in  costs  in  the  income 
statement of £0.6 million. 

The increase in group intangible assets from £6.1 million to £8.5 million is direct cash spend on projects of £2.4 
million. 

Cash flow 
Cash has decreased by £3.4 million from £3.9 million to £0.5 million, approximately split into spend on projects 
of £2.4 million, cash spend on operating costs of £1.5 million, and a cash inflow from Alba’s placing in November 
2022.  

Section 172(1) Statement 
The Directors believe they have acted in the way most  likely to promote  the  success of the  Company for the 
benefit of its members as a whole, as required by s172 of the Companies Act 2006.  

The requirements of s172 are for the Directors to:  

-  Consider the likely consequences of any decision in the long term,  

Alba’s  stated  activities  are  exploration  and  development.  The  nature  of  such  activities  requires  a  long-term 
perspective as it may take several years’ work on a project to bring it to the point of crystallising value. In the 
evaluation  of  projects,  both  those  in  the  portfolio  and  those  identified  as  prospects  for  the  Company,  the 
Company always considers the long-term potential of the project. 

-  Act fairly between the members of the Company,  

The Company does  not  differentiate  between members in terms of access  to information  – all information is 
shared via the regulatory news service as required by AIM and any other communications are via public channels 
such as Twitter. 

In respect of acting fairly between members, the Directors note that equity financings are typically managed by 
the Company’s appointed corporate brokers who are responsible for book-building on each private placement 
undertaken  for  the  Company.   As  a junior resource  company,  it  is  prohibitively  expensive  to  undertake  rights 
issues whereby all existing shareholders are given the opportunity to participate in an equity financing, which is 
why the Company expects to undertake future equity financings by way of private placements.  However, the 
Company will keep this under regular review. 

-  Maintain a reputation for high standards of business conduct,  

The  Directors  are  committed  to  high  standards  of  business  conduct  and  promotes  these  via  policies  and 
procedures such as its anti-bribery and whistle-blowing policy, and a share dealing policy for dealings in shares 
by Directors and senior employees and requiring adherence to the same by key suppliers. 

-  Consider the interests of the Company’s employees,  

As a small Company, Alba does not have a large workforce other than the Board and management personnel and 
a geological team under the leadership of its COO. All employees have direct access to senior management. The 
9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

Company demonstrates consideration of the interests of the team by enforcing safe working practices on sites, 
giving  employees  a  range  of  opportunities  for  career  development,  offering  competitive  remuneration  and 
flexibility in working arrangements. 

- 

Foster the Company’s relationships with suppliers, customers and others, 

The  Company  endeavours  to  use  suppliers  and  services  local  to  the  projects  where  possible.  It  maintains  a 
manned office in Wales near the licence areas and engages with the local community via open days, school visits, 
dual language communications and visits to local landowners. The Company has also sponsored signage at a local 
football  club  in  North  Wales  and  the  local  MP  has  visited  the  projects.  The  Company  also  works  with  other 
stakeholders such as regulatory and environmental bodies (see below) and The Crown Estate. 

-  Consider the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment.  

Mining in England and Wales is highly regulated. The Company liaises closely with local and national regulatory 
and environmental bodies and professional advisers to ensure that the Group’s activities are properly permitted 
and approved. Our operations in Wales are undertaken in accordance with all applicable planning, environmental 
and  ecological  regulations,  and  we  work  closely  with  the  North  Wales  Minerals  and  Waste  Planning  Service 
(“NWMWPS”),  Snowdonia  National  Park  Authority  (“SNPA”)  and  Natural  Resources  Wales  (“NRW”)  on  those 
matters.  

Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board 

George Frangeskides  
Executive Chairman, 4 May 2023 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements of Alba Mineral Resources plc for the year 
ended 30 November 2022. Alba Mineral Resources plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in 
England & Wales, whose shares are publicly traded on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange plc. The 
registered office address is 6th Floor 60 Gracechurch Street, London, United Kingdom, EC3V 0HR. 

References to the “Company” or “Alba” are to Alba Mineral Resources plc and references to the “Group” are to 
Alba collectively with its Subsidiary Companies (as listed in Note 12).   

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS 
The  loss  of  the  Group  for  the  year,  after  taxation,  attributable  to  equity  holders  of  the  parent  amounted  to 
£2,039,000 (2021: £1,699,000 loss). The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2021: £nil). 

DIRECTORS 
George Frangeskides, Michael Nott and Elizabeth Henson served as Directors throughout the year. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS 
The beneficial interests of the Directors who held office at 30 November 2022 in the share capital of the Company, 
and those of their connected parties, were as follows: 

G Frangeskides 
M Nott 

No. of Ordinary shares 2022  No. of Ordinary shares 2021 
37,893,290 
52,387,230 

48,115,199 
52,387,230 

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS 
The Company has identified the following interests of 3% or more in its issued share capital at 1 May 2023: 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited 
Barclays Direct Investing Nominees Limited 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited 
HSDL Nominees Limited 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited 
HSDL Nominees Limited 
Pershing Nominees Limited 
Vidacos Nominees Limited 

No. of Ordinary shares 

866,428,493 
563,907,558 
518,695,429 
495,849,302 
465,402,565 
463,121,369 
378,538,844 
370,286,329 
271,520,352 
216,723,538 

Percentage holding 
12.17% 
7.92% 
7.28% 
6.96% 
6.54% 
6.50% 
5.32% 
5.20% 
3.81% 
3.04% 

DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO THE AUDITOR 
In the case of each person who was a Director at the time this report was approved: 
• 

so far as that Director was aware, there was no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor 
was unaware; and 
that Director had taken all steps that the Director ought to have taken as a director to make himself or 
herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor was aware of 
that information. 

• 

This information is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of section 418 of Companies 
Act 2006. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

AUDITORS 
The auditors, PKF Littlejohn LLP, have indicted their willingness to continue in office, and a resolution that they 
be re-appointed will be proposed at the annual general meeting. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISKS 
The  disclosure  relating  to  financial  instruments  and  risks  have  been  included  in  the  Notes  to  the  financial 
statements (Note 22). 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
The Board follows the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code. For further details see page 14. 

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 
See Note 25 and the Chairman’s Statement from page 2. 

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 
See Chairman’s Statement “Outlook” on page 5. 

Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board 

George Frangeskides 
Director, 4 May 2023 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILTIES 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Strategic  Report,  the  Directors’  Report  and  the  financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial period. Under that law the 
Directors have elected to prepare the Group and parent company financial statements in accordance with UK-
adopted international accounting standards. Under Company law the Directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and 
Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.  

In preparing those financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
• 

state whether applicable UK-adopted international accounting standards have been followed subject to 
any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and  

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 

the Company/Group will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group 
and Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006 and, 
as  regards  to  the  Group  Financial  Statements,  Article  4  of  the  IAS  Regulation.  They  are  also  responsible  for 
safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  Company  and  of  the  Group  and  hence  for  taking  reasonable  steps  for  the 
prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.  

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information 
included  on  the  Company’s  website.  Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.  

The Company is compliant with AIM Rule 26 regarding the Company’s website. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

The  Board  of  Alba  Mineral  Resources  plc  (“Alba”  or  the  “Company”  and,  together  with  its  subsidiaries,  the  “Group”)  is 
responsible for the direction and oversight of all of the Company’s activities.  The Board seeks, through effective and efficient 
decision-making,  to  ensure  that  the  Company  is  managed  for  the  long-term  benefit  of  all  shareholders.  Ensuring  good 
standards of corporate governance is an important part of the Board’s role, with the twin objectives being to reduce risk and 
at the same time to add value to our business. The Chairman of the Board is responsible for ensuring the Board functions 
effectively, particularly with regards to Corporate Governance matters. 

The Board adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code (the “Code”) in line with the changes to the 
AIM  Rules  for  Companies  (“AIM  Rules”)  requiring  all  AIM-quoted  companies  to  adopt  and  comply  with  a  recognised 
corporate  governance  code.  The  Code  is  available  at www.theqca.com.   The  Code  sets  out  10  principles  that  should  be 
applied.  How Alba complies with those principles currently is set out below.  As required by the Code, we will provide annual 
updates on our compliance with the Code. 

At this stage in the Company’s development, the Board does not fully comply with the principle of the Code which concerns 
the composition of the Board (see Principle 5).  As projects and investments are advanced and as resources allow, the Board 
will actively seek to move towards full compliance with the Code. 

Principle 1: Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders 
Alba owns and operates mining projects in Wales (gold) as well as having investments in the onshore UK oil and gas sector 
and in GreenRoc Mining plc, a Greenland-focused exploration company established and listed on AIM (LON: GROC). 

The Board believes that the Group’s strong asset and investment portfolio provides access to a range of assets with potential 
to add significant value for the Company’s shareholders in the long-term. Our strategy, where possible, is to target assets 
that have a production history in stable jurisdictions, and which thereby offer real potential to be brought into commercial 
production. 

The  key  challenge  for  the  Company  is  identifying  the  most  effective,  including  the  most  cost-effective,  methods  for 
progressing  mineral  exploration  activities  at  our  projects.  Our  aim  is  to  materially  advance  the  level  of  knowledge  and 
confidence in the potential of our projects in order to support committing further resources to progress those projects rapidly 
through exploration and into the development phase.  The expertise of the current Board and management team, and the 
breadth of their contacts within the natural resources sector, will assist the Company in meeting this challenge. 

Principle 2: Seek to understand and meet shareholders’ needs and expectations 
The Board appreciates that it is accountable to shareholders for the performance and activities of the Company and, to this 
end, is committed to providing effective communication with Alba shareholders.  We publish all regulatory news promptly 
through  the  London  Stock  Exchange’s  Regulatory  News  Service  (“RNS”)  and  on  our website.    Shareholders  and  other 
interested parties can subscribe to automatic RNS updates via our website. 

The Group is also active on social media via Twitter @AlbaMinerals, and the Executive Chairman regularly participates in 
interviews on investment channels such as Vox Markets including Q&A sessions. The Group also hold occasional investor 
webinars.  

Shareholders can contact the Company via info@albamineralresources.com or ir@albamineralresources.com, or directly via 
a contact form on our website . The Board welcomes feedback from shareholders as this helps Alba to better communicate 
our activities and, where possible, to deal with any misconceptions in the investment market.  We are constrained, however, 
when responding to shareholder enquiries, by the requirements of the AIM Rules, and in particular the need to avoid making 
selective disclosure of material information. 

The Board  maintains regular  contact with the Company’s advisers, notably our Nominated Adviser (or “Nomad”),  SPARK 
Advisory Partners, and our retained broker,  CMC Markets, which also assists the Company in understanding the views of 
shareholders and the wider investment market. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

Principle 3: Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success 
The Board acknowledges that the long-term success of the Company is reliant on the efforts of employees and contractors, 
suppliers and other stakeholders. As a natural resources company, we feel that we have a responsibility to engage openly, 
transparently and effectively with community stakeholders and local and national government agencies in the countries in 
which we conduct operations.  The Board is keen to maintain an open dialogue and co-operation with key stakeholders as 
the Company seeks to advance its projects and investments.  

Our operations in Wales are undertaken in accordance with all applicable planning, environmental and ecological regulations, 
and we work closely with  the NWMWPS,  SNPA and NRW on those matters.  In Wales we engage with local residents  via 
regular  meetings,  open  days,  school  visits,  dual-language  communications,  sponsorship  of  a  local  football  club  and  we 
maintain  a  staffed  local  office.  For  more  information  relating  to  activities  in  Greenland,  see  the  Report  and  Accounts  of 
GreenRoc Mining plc, published on their website and via RNS. 

Principle 4: Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation 
The Board identifies, assesses and manages various risks in its decision-making and constantly evaluates the Company’s risk 
tolerance as part of its strategy as an exploration company.  These range from financial and legal risks, to environmental, 
exploration,  regulatory  and  management  risks.  The  Board  will  also  seek  consultation  with  experts  in  any  area  where  a 
particular risk is identified. 

The financial risks to the Company are addressed in the 2022 Report and Accounts in Notes 1 and 22 to the accounts. This 
covers  funding  risk,  credit  risk,  liquidity  risk  and  market  risk,  all  areas  which  are  monitored  closely  by  the  Board  with  a 
particular focus on funding risk.   

Environmental and exploration risks are considered at  a project level and are constantly under review as project work is 
planned  and  undertaken.   Some  elements  of  regulatory  risk  are  also  project-specific  and  would  be  included  within  that 
review. 
Regulatory risk at a corporate level is addressed annually during production of the Company’s Report and Accounts and also 
at other times such as when notices are received from relevant regulatory bodies. This point is addressed further in Principle 
10. 

Management risks are mitigated by attracting talent and providing stability and continuity through appropriate remuneration 
and  the  awarding  of  long-term  share  options,  plus  a  culture  of  openness  within  the  team,  so  that  all  members  of  the 
management team feel comfortable in raising any issues with the Board and Chairman. 

The Directors acknowledge their responsibility for the Group’s systems of internal controls and for reviewing their adequacy 
and effectiveness. These internal controls are designed to safeguard the assets of the Group and ensure the reliability of 
financial information for both internal and external use and publication. 

Principle 5: Maintaining the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 
The Board comprises the Executive Chairman and two Non-Executive Directors, Elizabeth Henson (independent) and Mike 
Nott, who is not considered to be independent.  

The Board is aware that it is not currently compliant with the Code in respect of not having two independent Non-Executive 
Directors,  and  in  having  an  Executive  Chairman  fulfilling  the  role  of  Chief  Executive.    The  Directors  believe  that  this  is 
appropriate at this stage of the Company’s development  but  both aspects are kept  under regular review  with a  view to 
moving to full compliance once the Company has achieved a significant, sustained increase in its market capitalisation.  

The Board has a wide range of experience directly related to the Group and its activities and its structure ensures that no 
one individual dominates the decision-making process.  The Board also regularly seeks third-party expert advice to support 
its decisions. 

The Board meets on an ad-hoc basis as decisions are required, with update Board meetings also held periodically. During the 
year, five scheduled Board meetings were held and all three Directors attended. Various additional ad-hoc meetings took 
place to approve specific actions. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

Each of the Directors has entered into a Service Contract or Letter of Appointment with the Company.  Under the terms of 
these  agreements,  each  Director  has  agreed  to  devote  such  time  and  attention  as  is  necessary  to  carry  out  his  or  her 
responsibilities and duties as a director. 

Principle 6: Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 
The Board currently consists of three Directors and, in addition, the Company employs Ben Harber of Shakespeare Martineau 
LLP to act as Company Secretary. The Directors have a range of technical, commercial and professional skills and the majority 
have experience in the public markets.  The Board also engages technical advisers whose specialism is in either mining or oil 
and gas and who are thereby able to assist the Board in making effective decisions in relation to the Company’s projects and 
investments. The Group employs a COO and CFO. 

Further information about the Directors’ experience, skills, capabilities and personal qualities is published on our website 
and on page 18 below. The Directors attend industry forums and conferences in addition to maintaining strong links within 
the  minerals  and  investment  communities  through  regular  networking.  The  Company  subscribes  to  mineral  and  mining 
publications  for  internal  use  and  Directors  are  encouraged  to  maintain  individual  continuing  professional  education 
programmes in their respective disciplines. 

In addition to its COO, CFO and technical advisers (about whom further details can be found on the “Board and Management” 
page of the Company’s website and in the latest corporate presentation, also found on the Company’s website), the Company 
retains the services of auditors in the UK, a Nomad, broker and solicitors (for details see page 1). GreenRoc Mining plc also 
retains auditors and solicitors in Greenland. 

Principle 7: Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 
Internal evaluation of the Board and individual Directors is undertaken on an ad-hoc basis in the form of peer appraisal and 
discussions. A further evaluation, in the form of a questionnaire-type assessment tool is undertaken annually. 

Given  the  current  size  of  the  Company,  Board  and  senior  management  appointments  are  infrequent  and  subject  to  the 
individual being the right “fit” for the Company.  The Board seeks prospective candidates via its network of contacts in the 
industry in the first instance and then via professional search agencies if required. 

Principle 8: Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 
The Board recognises that it has a responsibility to set the corporate culture of the Company as a whole, and that sound and 
ethical behaviour will contribute to the success of Alba’s projects and reputation.  The Company operates internationally and 
as such is mindful of local cultures and practices when planning and carrying out activities. The Board also has  in place an 
approved anti-bribery and whistle-blowing policy.  Given the size of the Company, Alba’s management remains close to the 
day-to-day operations and therefore better able to oversee the activities of the Company’s representatives. As the Company 
grows, the Board will oversee the development of guidance on the Company’s policies to be issued to new employees and 
contractors. 

The Company has in place a share dealing policy for dealings in shares by Directors and senior employees in line with the 
framework set by the AIM Rules and the UK Market Abuse regime (“MAR”) and also requires adherence to the same by key 
suppliers. In addition to abiding by the AIM Rules, as Alba operates in the natural resources sector, the AIM Note for Mining 
and Oil and Gas companies is applicable. 

Principle 9: Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by the 
Board 
Ultimate authority for all aspects of the Company’s activities rests with the Board.  While the roles of Chairman and Chief 
Executive  are  not  separated,  the  Board  receives  regular  updates  on  activities  both  formally  and  informally  and  has 
unrestricted access to management and to the technical advisers of the Company.  Each Board member also has access to 
the Company’s solicitors and any independent professional advice they might need to discharge their duties effectively. 

The  Executive  Chairman  is  the  leading  representative  of  the  Company,  presenting  the  Company’s  strategy  to  external 
interested parties. His responsibilities also include taking the Chair at Board Meetings and at General Meetings, where he is 
responsible  for  ensuring  the  appropriate  supply  of  information.   The  Executive  Chairman  is  also  responsible  for  the 
development  and  execution  of  the  Company’s  long-term  strategy,  overseeing  matters  pertaining  to  the  running  of  the 
Company and ensuring that the Company meets all legal requirements and corporate responsibilities.  The Non-Executive 
Directors do not have specific individual responsibilities or remits. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

All Directors sit on the Remuneration Committee, although a director whose performance, remuneration and employment 
terms are due to be discussed at such a meeting shall absent himself  or herself from the discussion and not vote on any 
proposed  terms  which  relate  to  him  or  her.   The  Remuneration  Committee  reviews  the  performance  of  the  Executive 
Director(s) and makes recommendations to the Board on matters relating to their remuneration and terms of employment. 
The Remuneration Committee also considers and approves the granting of share options pursuant to the Company’s share 
option plan and the award of shares in lieu of bonuses pursuant to the Company’s remuneration policy. 

The Audit Committee comprises Mike Nott, Elizabeth Henson and the Group’s CFO Sarah Potter, a chartered accountant. 
The Executive Chairman attends the Audit Committee by invitation. The Committee meets a minimum of twice per year and 
has met twice in the reporting period in order to consider matters within its remit. 

The principal duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee include: 
– Overseeing the Company’s financial reporting disclosure process; this includes the choice of appropriate accounting 
policies. 
– Monitoring the Company’s internal financial controls and assess their adequacy. 
– Reviewing key estimates, judgements and assumptions applied by management in preparing published financial 
statements. 
– Annually assessing the auditor’s independence and objectivity. 
– Making recommendations in relation to the appointment, re-appointment and removal of the company’s external 
auditor. 

Given the size of the Board, there is no separate Nominations Committee and therefore recommendations for appointments 
to the Board are considered by the Board as a whole. 

Principle 10: Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders 
and other relevant stakeholders 
For details of the various channels Alba uses for communicating with shareholders, see Principle 2 above. 

The  results  of  voting  on  resolutions  proposed at  the  Company’s  AGM  are  reported  via  RNS  and  recorded  in  the  “News” 
section on the Company’s website. 
In the past five years, there has been no significant level of votes cast against any resolutions put to  shareholders at the 
Company’s AGM (where “significant” would mean at least 20 per cent of the votes cast being against a particular resolution). 

Historical annual reports and half-yearly results can be accessed via the Company’s website under “Reports and Accounts”. 
Final results and interim results are also released via RNS and therefore also reported in the “News” section of the website.  

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

George Frangeskides, Executive Chairman 
Mr Frangeskides has a broad range of experience gained from over 25 years in the legal and corporate advisory 
sectors in Australia and the United Kingdom.  Prior to working in the mining sector, Mr Frangeskides practised as 
a lawyer in London and Sydney focusing on corporate finance, commercial and capital market transactions.  

With  his  experience  in  mergers  and  acquisitions,  Mr  Frangeskides  leads  all  corporate  negotiations  for  the 
Company. He has an extensive network of contacts across the mineral exploration and investment sectors in the 
UK, Asia-Pacific, North America, Middle East  and Far East regions, giving the Company wide exposure to both 
investors and potential investments.  

A confident communicator, Mr Frangeskides regularly makes presentations about the Company and projects to 
the media and to shareholders.  

Michael Nott, Non-Executive Director 
Mr Nott is a geologist and mining engineer by profession and has over 40 years’ experience in the oil and gas, 
mining, minerals and quarrying industries. His early career was based in Zambia, including eight years with Roan 
Consolidated Mines Limited. He was a regional manager for Pioneer Aggregates (UK) Limited, then an Australian 
company, and later a director of Jay Minerals Services Limited and Hills Aggregates Limited, becoming trading 
director of ARC (Southern) Limited and production director of C. White Limited. 

Mr Nott draws on his extensive experience of both the mining industry and the corporate world to offer pragmatic 
advice to the Company.  

Elizabeth Henson, Independent Non-Executive Director  
Ms Henson was previously a senior international tax partner for PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), based in 
London.  She was the Founder and Leader of PwC UK’s International Wealth business and is considered a leader 
in  her  field  and  has  an  established  and  substantial  contact  base  consisting  of  some  of  the  wealthiest 
entrepreneurs and high net worth individuals from the UK and across the globe.   

Ms Henson was the 2018 Spears Private Client Accountant of the Year and won the Citywealth Powerwomen 
Awards Silver award for Woman of the Year – Leadership (Large, Institutional) in 2016, 2018 and 2019, among 
other awards. She has a huge amount of professional experience across a wide range of sectors and countries 
and her advice and input will benefit the Group as it looks to grow. Her financial background adds to the strength 
and depth of the Board. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Opinion  

We have audited the financial statements of Alba Mineral Resources Plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries 
(the  ‘group’)  for  the  year  ended  30  November  2022  which  comprise  the  Consolidated  Income  Statement,  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of Comprehensive  Income,  the  Consolidated  and Parent  Company  Statements  of  Financial 
Position,  the  Consolidated  and  Parent  Company  Statements  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the  Consolidated  and  Parent 
Company Cash Flow Statements and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting 
policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and UK-adopted 
International Accounting Standards and as regards the parent company financial statements, as applied in accordance 
with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.  

In our opinion:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs 
as at 30 November 2022 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended;  
the  group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK-adopted  International 
Accounting standards; 
the  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK-adopted 
international accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies  Act 
2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and parent company in accordance with 
the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these 
requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion.  

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to note 1b in the financial statements, which indicates that the Group’s current cash resources 
are insufficient to enable the Group to meet its recurring outgoings and projected exploration expenditure for the 
twelve months from the date of approval of the financial statements. The Group incurred a net loss of £2,605,000 
during the year ended 30 November 2022 and has cash of £456,000 as at 30 November 2022. As stated in note 1b, 
these events or conditions, along with the other matters as set forth in note 1b, indicate that a material uncertainty 
exists that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Group is reliant on a 
successful fundraise by the Parent Company to fund its recurring outgoings and projected exploration expenditure 
for the twelve months from the date that the financial statements are approved. 

Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting 
in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the Group’s 
ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included: 

• 

reviewing  the  cashflow  forecast  and  budgets  for  the  period  to  30  November  2024  and  the  corresponding 
assumptions used. This includes future fundraising, exploration costs, salaries and ongoing regulatory costs; 

•  discussions with management regarding the future plans and availability of funding; and 
• 

challenging management’s assumption of raising funds to support the  operations of the Group and Parent 
Company. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report. 

Our application of materiality  

We  apply  the  concept  of  materiality  both  in  planning  and  performing  our  audit,  and  in  evaluating  the  effect  of 
misstatement. At the planning stage, materiality is used to determine the financial statement areas that are included 
within the scope of our audit. Materiality applied to the group financial statements was £365,000 (2021: £400,000) 
with performance  materiality  set  at  £225,500 (2021:  £280,000).  The  benchmark for  determining  materiality of  the 
group  was  3%  of  net  assets,  given  that  the  most  significant  balances  for  the  Group  relate  to  the  exploration  and 
evaluation assets, investments, cash and cash equivalents. 

A benchmark of 70% for performance materiality during our audit of the group and parent company was applied as we 
believe that this would provide sufficient coverage of significant and residual risks.  

We agreed with the audit committee that we would report to them all audit differences identified during the course 
of our audit in excess of £18,250 (2021: £20,000) for the group. We also agreed to report any other audit misstatements 
below that threshold that we believe warranted reporting on qualitative grounds.  

Materiality applied to the parent company’s financial statements was £328,500 (2021: £320,000) with performance 
materiality of £229,950 (2021: £224,000). The benchmark for determining materiality of the parent company was 3% 
of net assets, given that the most significant balances relate to investment in subsidiaries, investment in Horse Hill 
Developments Limited and cash and cash equivalents. The parent company is the funding vehicle for the exploration 
work carried out by the subsidiaries.  

For the parent company, we agreed with the audit committee that we would report all individual audit differences 
identified  during  the  course  of  our  audit  in  excess  of  £16,425  (2021:£16,000)  together  with  any  other  audit 
misstatements below that threshold that we believe warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Component materiality ranged from £60,000 to £328,500 (2021: £84,000 to £350,000), based on their individual net 
assets. 

An overview of the scope of our audit  

In  designing  our  audit  approach, we  determined  materiality  and assessed  the  risk of  material misstatement  in  the 
financial statements. In particular, we assessed the areas requiring the directors to make subjective judgements, for 
example in respect of significant accounting estimates and judgements including the carrying value of evaluation and 
exploration assets, intra-group balances and investments in subsidiaries and the consideration of future events that 
are inherently uncertain. We also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including evaluating 
whether there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 

An audit was performed on the financial information of the group’s material operating components which, for the year 
ended 30 November 2022, were located in the United Kingdom, Wales and Greenland. 

GreenRoc Mining Plc, Obsidian Mining Limited, White Eagle Resources Limited, GMOW (Operations) Limited and Alba 
Mineral  Resources  plc  have  been  assessed  as  significant  components  of  the  group  and  therefore  we  designed 
procedures focused on exploration cost capitalisation and valuation of the exploration assets in accordance with IFRS 
6. This work was significant in addressing our key audit matter in respect of capitalised exploration costs and valuation 
of explorations assets in which the group’s exploration costs are recorded.  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, 
the  allocation  of  resources  in  the  audit;  and  directing  the  efforts  of  the  engagement  team.  These  matters  were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and 
we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

In addition to the matter described in the Material uncertainty related to going concern section we have determined 
the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report. 

Key Audit Matter 

How the scope of our audit responded to the key audit 
matter 

Carrying value of capitalised exploration costs (group)  

As at 30 November 2022, the group held £8,450k of 
intangible assets, comprising capitalised exploration 
costs. This is a material amount in its Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position.  

There is a risk that these assets have been incorrectly 
capitalised in accordance with IFRS 6 -Exploration for 
and Evaluation of Mineral Resources (“IFRS 6”), and 
that there are indications of impairment as at 30 
November 2022 which have not been identified by 
Management. Management's assessment of 
impairment under IFRS 6 requires significant 
estimation and judgement particularly in relation to 
early-stage exploration projects. 

There is a risk that the carrying value of these 
intangible assets could be overstated (refer to notes 2 
and 10). 

We performed the following procedures: 

•  Confirmed  that  the  subsidiaries  hold  good  title  to 

the licence area; 

This 

subsidiaries. 

•  Performed  tests  of  detail 

in  respect  of  the 
capitalised  costs  relating  to  the  licences  of  the 
Greenland 
included 
considerations  of  the  recognition  criteria  within 
IFRS 6; 
•  Reviewed 

challenged  management’s 
in  respect  of  the 
assessment  of 
subsidiaries.  This  included  challenging  the  key 
assumptions,  data,  and  method  to  determine 
whether  any 
in 
accordance with IFRS 6;  

indicators  existed 

impairment 

impairment 

and 

•  Discussed  and  challenged  management  as  to  the 
status  of  the  licence  areas,  results  site  work  and 
testing performed, and confirmed their future plans 
for the licences; 

•  Reviewed management’s forecasts and budgets for 
the  licence  areas  and  compared  it to the  required 
minimum expenditure for the succeeding year; and 
•  Assessed progress of the individual projects during 

the period and post year-end. 

the 

reasonable  and 

Based  on  the  procedures  performed,  we  consider 
management’s judgements and estimates in respect of 
the carrying value of their capitalised exploration costs 
related  disclosures 
to  be 
appropriate. We do note that the Group is still awaiting 
permission from Natural Resources Wales with regards 
to  its  application  for  water  transfer  and  discharge 
permits  and  a  European  Protected  Species  licence,  as 
announced to the market by the Group via RNS on 27 
March  2023.  Management  believes 
the 
applications  will  be  successful  and  therefore  no 
impairment  has  been  recognised  with  respect  to  the 

that 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Carrying value of investments in subsidiaries and intra-
group receivables (parent company) 

The  parent  company  holds  material  investments  of 
£6,955k in its Statement of Financial Position related 
to its subsidiary undertakings. There are also material 
intragroup balances of £1,550k as the parent company 
funds operations in the subsidiaries.  

Given the losses in the subsidiaries, there is a risk that 
the  investments  in  subsidiaries  (where  capitalised 
exploration costs are the main asset) may not be fully 
recoverable and therefore overstated (refer to notes 2 
and 12). To a significant degree the carrying value of 
the investments in subsidiaries is intrinsically linked to 
the  value  of  the  capitalised  exploration  assets  held 
within them. 

capitalised  costs  on  the  Clogau  licence.  Should  the 
applications be rejected, there is risk that the intangible 
assets will be subsequently impaired.  

We performed the following procedures: 

•  Confirmed ownership of the investments in 

subsidiaries; 

•  Reviewed 

and 

challenged  management’s 
impairment assessments of the underlying assets of 
the 
IFRS  6 
indicators on the licences held; 

in  accordance  with 

investments 

•  Assessed  the  intragroup  balance  receivables  in 
respect of the requirements set in IFRS 9 – Financial 
Instruments  (“IFRS  9”),  through  reviewing  the 
underlying terms and conditions; 

•  Obtained  contracts  and  agreements,  reviewing 
terms  and  conditions  to  ensure  the  accounting 
treatment 
in  accordance  with  UK-adopted 
international accounting standards; 

is 

•  Considered  and  assessed  whether  there  were  any 

indicators of impairment; 

•  Reviewed  management’s  assessment  of  expected 
in 

receivables 

intragroup 

losses  on 

credit 
accordance with IFRS 9 criteria; and 

•  Considered  the  appropriateness  of  the  accounting 
policies  and  disclosures  included  in  the  financial 
statements. 

Based  on  the  procedures  performed,  we  consider 
management’s  judgements  on  the  recoverability  of 
investments and intragroup balances to be reasonable 
and the related disclosures appropriate. 

We performed the following procedures: 

•  Confirmed ownership of the investments; 
•  Reviewed  the  latest  filed  accounts  of  the  parent 
company of Horse Hill Developments Limited, being 
UK  Oil  & Gas  plc,  and  assessed  whether there  are 
any indications of impairment; 

22 

in  Horse  Hill 
Carrying  value  of 
Developments  Ltd  and  accounting  treatment 
in 
accordance with IFRS 13 (group and parent company) 

Investment 

The  group  and  parent  company  holds  a  material 
investment of £2,600k in their Statements of Financial 
Position relating to Horse Hill Developments Ltd. This 
is classified as a level 3 hierarchy investment as the fair 
value is not based on observable market data. 

There is a risk that there are indications of 
impairment as at 30 November 2022 which have not 
been identified by Management. Management's 
assessment of fair value under IFRS 13 - Fair Value 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Measurement (“IFRS 13”), requires significant 
estimation and judgement particularly as it is 
classified as level 3. 

There is a risk that the carrying value of the investment 
in Horse Hill Developments Ltd is overstated (refer to 
note 11). 

•  Reviewed the accounting treatment to ensure 

classification and valuation is in accordance with 
IFRS 9 and IFRS 13; 

•  Reviewed and challenged management’s basis of 
fair value and accordingly obtained relevant 
supporting documentation; and 

•  Considered  the  appropriateness  of  the  accounting 
policies  and  disclosures  included  in  the  financial 
statements. 

During  our  audit  work  the  directors  recorded  an 
impairment on the carrying value to reflect the value of 
Horse  Hill  Developments  recognised  by  its  majority 
owner, UK Oil and Gas plc.   Details of this are disclosed 
within note 11. We consider management’s judgements 
in  Horse  Hill 
on 
Developments  Ltd  to  be  reasonable  and  the  related 
disclosures appropriate. 

the  valuation  of 

investment 

Other information  

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements 
and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the group 
and parent company financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise 
explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our 
audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether 
the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit 
or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material  inconsistencies  or  apparent  material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or 
a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there 
is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006  

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:  

• 

• 

the  information  given  in  the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  for  the  financial  year  for  which  the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  
the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  applicable  legal 
requirements.  

Matters on which we are required to report by exception  

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment obtained 
in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report.  

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us 
to report to you if, in our opinion:  

• 

• 
• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit 
have not been received from branches not visited by us; or  
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or  
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or  

23 

 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.  

Responsibilities of directors  

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation 
of the group and parent company financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and 
for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the group and parent company financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s 
and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or 
the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line 
with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. 
The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the group and parent company and the sector in which they operate to 
identify  laws  and  regulations  that  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  have  a  direct  effect  on  the  financial 
statements. We obtained our understanding in this regard through discussions with management, industry 
research, application of our cumulative audit knowledge and experience of the sector.   

•  We determined the principal laws and regulations relevant to the group and parent company in this regard to 
be  those  arising  from  Companies  Act  2006,  AIM  rules,  mining  regulation  in  the  relevant  jurisdictions, 
Employment Law, Anti-Bribery and Money Laundering Regulations and QCA Corporate Governance Code. 
•  We designed our audit procedures to ensure the audit team considered whether there were any indications 
of  non-compliance  by  the  group  and  parent  company  with  those  laws  and  regulations.  These  procedures 
included, but were not limited to: 

o  Enquiries of management regarding potential non-compliance; 
o  Review of legal and professional fees to understand the nature of the costs and the existence of any 

non-compliance with laws and regulations; 

o  Review of minutes of meetings of those charged with governance and RNS announcements; and 
o  Review of accounting ledgers for any unusual journal entries which may indicate non-compliance 

•  We also identified the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements due to fraud. We considered, 
in addition to the non-rebuttable presumption of a risk of fraud arising from management override of controls, 
that  the  potential  for  management  bias  was  identified  in  relation  to  the  carrying  value  of  the  capitalised 
exploration costs and investments as described in the Key Audit Matters section above. 

•  As  in  all  of  our  audits,  we  addressed  the  risk  of  fraud  arising  from  management  override  of  controls  by 
performing  audit  procedures  which  included,  but  were  not  limited  to:  the  testing  of  journals;  reviewing 
accounting estimates for evidence of bias; and evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions 
that are unusual or outside the normal course of business and review of bank statements during the period to 
identify any large and unusual transactions where the business rationale is not clear. 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those 
leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases 
the  more  that  compliance  with  a  law  or  regulation  is  removed  from  the  events  and  transactions  reflected  in  the 
24 

 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater 
regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, 
collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the  Financial 
Reporting  Council’s website  at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This  description  forms  part  of  our  auditor’s 
report.  

Use of our report 

This  report  is  made  solely  to  the  company’s  members,  as  a  body,  in  accordance  with  Chapter  3  of  Part  16  of  the 
Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those 
matters  we  are  required  to  state  to  them  in  an  auditor’s  report  and  for  no  other  purpose.    To  the  fullest  extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone, other than the company and the company's 
members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Alistair Roberts (Senior Statutory Auditor)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
4 May 2023 

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Other income 
Administrative expenses 
Impairment expense 
Operating loss 
Revaluation of financial liability 
Revaluation of investment 
Finance costs 
Loss for the year before tax 
Taxation 

Loss for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Earnings per ordinary share  

Basic and diluted (pence) 

Note 

4 

16 
11 

7 

2022 
£’000 

- 
(1,623) 
(984) 
(2,607) 
2 
- 
- 
(2,605) 
- 

(2,605) 

2021 
£’000 

23 
(1,067) 
- 
(1,044) 
(180) 
(615) 
(1) 
(1,840) 
- 

(1,840) 

(2,039) 
(566) 
(2,605) 

(1,699) 
(141) 
(1,840) 

8 

(0.031)  

(0.027)  

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Loss after tax 
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or 
loss:  
- 

Foreign exchange movements  

Total comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

2022 
£’000 
(2,605) 

2021 
£’000 
(1,840) 

- 
(2,605) 

(1) 
(1,841) 

(2,039) 
(566) 
(2,605) 

(1,700) 
(141) 
(1,841) 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Note 

Non-current assets 

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible fixed assets 

Investments – Horse Hill Developments Limited 

Total non-current assets 

Current assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Financial liabilities 

Total current liabilities 

Net current assets 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital 

Share premium 

Warrant reserve 

Dilution of ownership reserve 

Other reserves 

Retained losses 

Foreign currency reserve 

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 

Non-controlling interests 

9 
10 

11 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

5 

18 

2022 
£’000 

150 

8,450 

2,600 
11,200 

129 

456 

585 

(464) 

- 

(464) 

2021 
£’000 

137 

6,110 

3,385 
9,632 

178 

3,948 

4,126 

(671) 

(221) 

(892) 

121 

3,234 

11,321 

12,866 

5,076 

10,461 

1,187 

991 

136 

(8,929) 

168 

9,090 

2,231 

5,005 

9,877 

1,425 

991 

89 

(7,421) 

168 

10,134 

2,732 

Total equity 

11,321 

12,866 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 4 May 2023. 

Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors 
George Frangeskides, Director, Company No. 05285814 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Note 

2022 
£’000 

2021 
£’000 

Non-current assets 
Investments – Horse Hill Developments Limited 
Investments in subsidiaries 
Loans to subsidiaries 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Total current liabilities 

Net current assets  

Net assets 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Warrant reserve 
Retained losses 
Equity shareholders’ funds 

11 
12 
12 

13 
14 

15 

17 

2,600 
6,955 
1,550 
11,105 

3,385 
6,616 
1,195 
11,196 

111 
322 
433 

104 
663 
767 

(165) 
(165) 

(167) 
(167) 

268 

600 

11,373 

11,796 

5,076 
10,461 
1,187 
(5,351) 
11,373 

5,005 
9,877 
1,425 
(4,511) 
11,796 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and 
has  not  included  its  own  income  statement  and  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  these  Financial 
Statements. The Company’s loss for the year was £1,341,000 (2021: a profit of £1,948,000).  

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 4 May 2023. 

Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors 

George Frangeskides, Director 
Company No. 05285814 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Warrant  Warrants to be 
reserve 
£’000 

Dilution of  
issued reserve  ownership reserve 
£’000 
- 

£’000 
416 

Other  
reserves 
£’000 
- 

Retained  Foreign currency 
reserve 
£’000 
169 

losses 
£’000 

(6,153) 

Attributable to  Non-controlling 
interests 
equity holders 
£’000 
£’000 
(16) 

10,063 

At 30 November 2020 

Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued 
Shares issued in exchange for ownership 
interests (not resulting in change in control) 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Dilution of ownership (not resulting in 
change in control) 
Subsidiary equity settled share-based 
payments 
Total transactions with owners 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

4,984 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

9,360 

- 
- 
- 

7 

14 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

162 

355 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1,287 

- 
- 
- 

416 

- 

153 
(431) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

(416) 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

21 

517 

138 

(416) 

At 30 November 2021 

5,005 

9,877 

1,425 

Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Subsidiary equity settled share-based 
payments 
Total transactions with owners 

- 
- 
- 

71 
- 
- 

- 

71 

- 
- 
- 

584 
- 
- 

- 

584 

- 
- 
- 

176 
87 
(501) 

- 

(238) 

At 30 November 2022 

5,076 

10,461 

1,187 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

30 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

991 

- 

991 

991 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

89 

89 

89 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

47 

47 

(1,699) 
- 
(1,699) 

- 

- 

- 
431 

- 

- 

431 

(7,421) 

(2,039) 
- 
(2,039) 

- 
- 
501 

30 

531 

- 
(1) 
(1) 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

168 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

(1,699) 
(1) 
(1,700) 

169 

369 

153 
- 

991 

89 

1,771 

10,134 

(2,039) 
- 
(2,039) 

831 
87 
- 

77 

995 

Total 

£’000 

10,047 

(1,840) 
(1) 
(1,841) 

169 

376 

153 
- 

(141) 
- 
(141) 

- 

7 

- 
- 

2,806 

3,797 

76 

2,889 

165 

4,660 

2,732 

12,866 

(566) 
- 
(566) 

- 
- 
- 

65 

65 

(2,605) 
- 
(2,605) 

831 
87 
- 

142 

1,060 

991 

136 

(8,929) 

168 

9,090 

2,231 

11,321 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Notes 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Warrant 
reserve 
£’000 

Warrants to be 
issued reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
losses 
£’000 

Attributable to equity 
holders of parent 
£’000 

At 30 November 2020 

4,984 

9,360 

1,287 

416 

(6,890) 

Profit for the year 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Total transactions with owners 

- 
- 

21 
- 
- 
21 

- 
- 

517 
- 
- 
517 

At 30 November 2021 

5,005 

9,877 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Total transactions with owners 

- 
- 

71 
- 
- 
71 

- 
- 

584 
- 
- 
584 

At 30 November 2022 

5,076 

10,461 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

- 
- 

416 
153 
(431) 
138 

1,425 

- 
- 

176 
87 
(501) 
(238) 

1,187 

- 
- 

(416) 
- 
- 
(416) 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

31 

1,948 
1,948 

- 
- 
431 
431 

(4,511) 

(1,341) 
(1,341) 

- 
- 
501 
501 

9,157 

1,948 
1,948 

538 
153 
- 
691 

11,796 

(1,341) 
(1,341) 

831 
87 
- 
918 

(5,351) 

11,373 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Note 

2022 

£’000 

2021 

£’000 

(2,607) 

(1,044) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 

Depreciation 

Fees settled in shares 

Impairment 

Loss on disposal of oil & gas asset 

Share based payment charges 

Foreign exchange revaluation adjustment 

(Decrease)/increase in creditors 

Decrease/(increase) in debtors 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Payments for exploration expenditure 

Payments for tangible fixed assets 

Net cash used in investing activities 

9 

13 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from the issue of shares and exercise of warrants  

Costs of issue 

Proceeds from the issue of shares and warrants - GreenRoc 

IPO transaction costs 

Finance expense 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

14 

7 

- 

984 

- 

228 

- 

(208) 

49 

(1,547) 

(2,417) 

(20) 

(2,437) 

522 

(30) 

- 

- 

- 

492 

(3,492) 

3,948 

456 

5 

32 

- 

9 

237 

(1) 

386 

(110) 

(486) 

(2,544) 

(31) 

(2,575) 

1,295 

(72) 

5,075 

(800) 

(1) 

5,497 

2,436 

1,512 

3,948 

Significant non-cash transactions in the period not reflected above are: 
Consideration of £339,000 in  shares and warrants for the exercise of  a  put-and-call option over the 10% of  Clogau  Gold 
Project not owned by the Group (a financial instrument valued at £214,000) plus the purchase of part of a royalty attached 
to the project and settlement of some historic debts. See Note 5 for details. 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

COMPANY CASH FLOW STATEMENT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2022 

Note 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 

Fees settled in shares 

Impairment expense 

Loss on  disposal of oil & gas asset 

5 

Share based payment charge  
Movement in the expected credit loss provision for loans to 
subsidiaries 
Foreign exchange revaluation adjustment 

(Decrease)/increase in creditors 

Decrease/(increase) in debtors 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Loans granted to subsidiaries 

Loan repayments received from subsidiaries 

Net cash used in investing activities 

12 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from the issue of shares and exercise of warrants  

Costs of issue 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

14 

2022 

£’000 

(1,341) 

- 

785 

- 

87 

15 

- 

(2) 

(7) 

(463) 

(370) 

- 

(370) 

522 

(30) 

492 

(341) 

663 

322 

2021 

£’000 

(265) 

32 

9 

153 

(454) 

62 

(98) 

(72) 

(633) 

(1,925) 

500 

(1,425) 

1,295 

(72) 

1,223 

(835) 

1,498 

663 

Significant non-cash transactions in the period not reflected above are: 
Consideration of £339,000 in shares and warrants for the exercise of a  put-and-call option over the 10% of  Clogau  Gold 
Project not owned by the Group (see Note 5 for more details). 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 58 form part of these financial statements. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION 

Alba Mineral Resources plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in England & Wales, whose shares are 
publicly traded on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange plc. The registered office address is 6th Floor 60 Gracechurch 
Street, London, United Kingdom, EC3V 0HR. The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial 
statements are set out below. These policies have been applied consistently to all the years presented. 

a.  Basis of preparation  

These consolidated financial statements of Alba Mineral Resources plc have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted 
international accounting standards (“IFRSs”) as they apply to the Group for the year ended 30 November 2022 and with the 
Companies Act 2006. Numbers have been rounded to £’000. 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, save for the revaluation of certain 
financial assets and liabilities at fair value. 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting  estimates.    It  also  requires 
management  to exercise its judgement  in the process of applying the group’s accounting policies.  The areas involving a 
higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated 
financial statements, are disclosed in Note 2. 

New or amended Standards and  interpretations that became effective during the year ended 30 November 2022 had no 
impact on the Group accounts. 

New standards, amendments, and interpretations not yet effective  
Certain new accounting standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for 30 November 2022 
reporting periods and have not been early adopted by the Group. These standards include:  

•  Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (effective 1 Jan 2023) – Disclosure of Accounting Policies 
•  Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (effective 1 Jan 2024) – Classification of Liabilities as 

Current or Noncurrent 

•  Amendments to IAS 8 Accounting Policies (effective 1 Jan 2023) – Definition of Accounting Estimates 
•  Amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes (effective 1 Jan 2023) - Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising 

from a Single Transaction 

•  Amendments to IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment (effective 1 Jan 2022) - Proceeds before intended use 
•  Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases (effective 1 Jan 2024) – Lease liability in a sale and leaseback 
• 
•  Amendments to IAS 37 Onerous Contracts (effective 1 Jan 2022) – Cost of Fulfilling a Contract 

IFRS 17 and Amendments Insurance contracts (effective 1 Jan 2023) 

The Directors do not anticipate that the adoption of these  standards or amendments will have a  material impact on the 
financial statements of the Company and the Group in the period of initial application or in future reporting periods. Other 
amendments, standards and interpretations are in issue, both endorsed and not yet endorsed, but they are not relevant to 
the Group and as such they are not commented on. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

b.  Going concern 

Based on financial projections prepared by the Directors, the Group’s current cash resources are insufficient to enable the 
Group to meet its recurring outgoings and projected exploration expenditure for the entirety of the next twelve months. The 
Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts to 30 November 2024 which take into account planned exploration spend, costs 
and external funding. The need for external funding is a material uncertainty that may cast doubt on the Group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern.  At this stage as an explorer the Group does not have a steady income stream and is reliant on 
external funding sources such as capital raisings or asset transactions to fund activities. The nature of these is ad-hoc and as 
such the Group does not carry a cash balance sufficient for 12 months of expenditure.  However, the Board has a reasonable 
expectation that the Group will continue to be able to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future by raising funds 
when required from the equity capital markets and based on the following: 

• 
• 

• 

The Group has a strong track record in sourcing external funding. 
Forecasts contain a  level of discretionary spend such that in the event  that cash flow becomes constrained 
action can be taken to enable the Group to operate within available funding. The Group demonstrated this 
during the Covid-19 pandemic when sourcing capital was uncertain. 
The Group and Company may also consider future joint venture funding arrangements in order to share the 
costs of the development of its exploration assets, or to consider divesting of certain of its assets and realising 
cash proceeds in that way in order to support the balance of its exploration and investment portfolio.   

For  these  reasons  the  Directors  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  in  preparing  the  financial 
statements. 

c.  Basis of consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and companies controlled by the 
Company, the Subsidiary Companies, drawn up to 30 November each year. 

Control is recognised where the Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an investee entity 
so as to obtain benefits from its activities. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred 
to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of 
during the year are included in the consolidated income statement from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective 
date of disposal, where appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to 
bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by the Group. All intra-group transactions, balances, income and 
expenses are eliminated on consolidation.  

Non-controlling  interests  in  the  net  assets  of  consolidated  subsidiaries  are  identified  separately  from  the  Group’s  equity 
therein.  

Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries without change of control 
Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are  accounted for as equity transactions – 
that is, as transactions with the owners in their capacity as owners. The difference between fair value of any consideration 
paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses 
on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity within the dilution of ownership reserve. 

Non-controlling interests consist of the amounts of those interests at the date of the original business combination and the 
minority’s share of changes in equity since the date of the combination. 

d.  Foreign currency  

For  the  purposes  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  results  and  financial  position  of  each  Group  entity  are 
expressed in pounds sterling, which is the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements. 
In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional 
currency  (foreign  currencies)  are  recorded  at  the  rates  of  exchange  prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  At  each 
reporting date, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the reporting 
date. Exchange differences arising are included in profit or loss for the period. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

For the purposes of preparing consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s foreign operations 
are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date. Income and expense items are translated at the average 
exchange rates for the period. Gains and losses from exchange differences so arising are shown through the Consolidated 
Statement of Changes in Equity. 

e.  Share based payments  

Share-based compensation benefits are made on an ad-hoc basis on the recommendations of the Remuneration Committee 
or via the Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme where the employee meets the qualifying conditions. The fair value of 
warrants or options granted is recognised as an employee benefits expense, with a corresponding increase in  the warrant 
reserve. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted:  
o 
o  excluding  the  impact  of  any  service  and  non-market  performance  vesting  conditions  (eg  profitability,  sales  growth 

including any market performance conditions (eg the entity’s share price)  

o 

targets and remaining an employee of the entity over a specified time period), and  
including  the  impact  of  any  non-vesting  conditions  (eg  the  requirement  for  employees  to  save  or  hold  shares  for  a 
specific period of time). 

The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions 
are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to 
vest based on the non-market vesting and service conditions. It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, if 
any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to the warrant reserve. 

f.  Non-current assets 

Intangible assets: Deferred exploration and evaluation costs 
Pre-licence costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Expenditure on licence renewals and new licence 
applications covering an area previously under licence are capitalised in accordance with the policy set out below.  

Once the legal right to explore has been acquired, exploration costs and evaluation costs arising are capitalised on a project-
by-project  basis, pending determination of the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the project. Costs include 
appropriate technical and administrative expenses. If a project is successful, the related expenditures will be reclassified as 
development  and  production  assets  and  amortised  over  the  estimated  life  of  the  commercial  reserves.  Prior  to  this,  no 
amortisation  is  recognised  in  respect  of  such  costs.  When  all  licences  comprising  a  project  are  relinquished,  a  project 
abandoned, or is considered to be of no further commercial value to the Company, the related costs will be written off to 
administrative expense within profit or loss. Deferred exploration costs are carried at historical cost less any impairment 
losses recognised. 
Where the Group has entered into a farm out agreement, the Group does not record any expenditure made by the farmee 
on  its  account.  It  also  does  not  recognise  any  gain  or  loss  on  its  exploration  and  evaluation  farm-out  arrangements  but 
redesignates any costs previously capitalised in relation to the whole interest as relating to the partial interest retained. Any 
cash consideration received directly from the farmee is credited against costs previously capitalised in relation to the whole 
interest with any excess accounted for as a gain on disposal. 
Where  the  Group  enters  into  a  farm  in  agreement,  the  Group  recognises  all  expenditure  which  it  incurs  under  that 
agreement, with the expenditure being either capitalised or expensed in accordance with the policy detailed above.  

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

Property, plant and equipment 
Land is shown at cost and is not depreciated as it is not a wasting asset. The land owned by the Group is an integral part of 
access to one of the Group’s projects and as such its value is reviewed annually as part of the impairment review of that 
project value as a whole.  

Plant and equipment is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Historical cost includes 
expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.  

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis to write off the net cost of each item of property, plant and equipment 
(excluding land) over their expected useful lives as follows:  

o  Plant and vehicles - 10 years  
o  Computer equipment - 3 years  

The residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each reporting date. 
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when there is no future economic benefit to the 
consolidated entity. Gains and losses between the carrying amount and the disposal proceeds are taken to profit or loss. Any 
revaluation surplus reserve relating to the item disposed of is transferred directly to retained profits. 

Investment  in  subsidiaries:  Investment  in  subsidiaries,  comprising  equity  instruments  and  capital  contributions,  are 
recognised initially at cost less any provision for impairment.  

g.  Financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party 
to the contractual provisions of the instrument. The classification is dependent on the business model adopted for managing 
the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows expected to be derived from the assets.  

The Group classifies its financial instruments as follows: 

Financial assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Loans to subsidiaries (Company only) 
Investments 

Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Other borrowings 
Derivative financial instrument 

Amortised cost 
Amortised cost 
At fair value through profit or loss (FVPL) 

Amortised cost 
Amortised cost 
Amortised cost 
At fair value through profit or loss (FVPL) 

Trade  and  other  receivables:  Trade  and  other  receivables  are  held  for  the  collection  of  contractual  cash  flows  and  are 
classified as being  measured  at amortised cost.  They  are recognised initially  at  fair  value and subsequently measured at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method less provision for impairment. 

Loans  to  subsidiaries:  Long-term  loans  to  subsidiaries,  other  than  capital  contributions,  are  held  for  the  collection  of 
contractual cash flows and are classified as being measured at amortised cost, net of provision for impairment. Impairment 
is initially based on the expected lifetime credit loss as applied to the portfolio of loans. The loans are interest free and have 
no fixed repayment terms. As such the loans are assessed as being credit impaired on inception and lifetime expected credit 
losses are recognised with the amount of provision being recognised in the profit or loss.  
A loan will be subject to impairment review if there is an indicator of impairment, such as the impairment of the value of the 
deferred exploration intangible asset within the relevant subsidiary. A loan  is fully impaired when the relevant subsidiary 
recognises an impairment  of its deferred exploration expenditure, such that the subsidiary is not expected to be able to 
repay the loan from its existing assets.  

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

Investments:  Investments  in  unlisted  equity  instruments  whose  fair  value  cannot  be  reliably  measured  are  recognised 
initially at investment cost. Any shareholder loans made are included in the investment cost. Where a value can be reliably 
measured the investment is subsequently recognised at fair value through profit and loss. Information about the methods 
and assumptions used in determining fair value is provided in Note 11. 

Trade and other payables: Trade and other payables are not interest bearing and are recognised initially at fair value and 
subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

Derivative financial instrument 
A derivative financial instrument is recognised for the 10% call option over the remaining shares in the Clogau gold project 
not owned by the Group. This has been valued based on management’s best estimate and  classified as fair value through 
profit and loss so that any future change in the valuation of the liability will be recognised through the profit and loss account. 
See Note 16 to the Accounts. 
A 4% net smelter return royalty was also agreed as part of the consideration. The Company has a buy-back right in respect 
of any proposed sale of the royalty. No value has been attributed to this right in these accounts as it cannot be quantified 
due to uncertainty in reaching commercial production and what the resulting royalty quantum would be likely to be 

Borrowings: Initially recognised at fair value net of any transaction costs directly attributable to the issue of the instrument. 
Such interest-bearing liabilities are then subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. 
Interest expense includes initial transaction costs and any premium payable on redemption, as well as any interest or coupon 
payable while the liability is outstanding.  
Liability components of convertible loan notes are measured as described further below.  

Other borrowings: recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

Leases: The Group does not have any leases within the scope of IFRS16. 

h.  Equity 

Share capital represents the nominal value of equity shares, both ordinary and preference. 

Share premium represents the excess over nominal value of the fair value of consideration received for equity shares, net  
of expenses of the share issue. 

Warrant reserve represents proceeds from the issue of extant warrants. 

Warrants to be issued reserve held proceeds from the issue of warrants announced on 25 November 2020 but issued post-
year end, on 1 December 2020. 

Dilution of ownership reserve represents the difference between the fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant 
share of the fair value of net assets acquired in a dilutive transaction where control is retained. 

Other reserves represents the proceeds from the issue of warrants by GreenRoc Mining plc attributable to the equity holders 
of the group. 

Foreign currency reserve holds gains/losses arising on retranslating the net assets of the Group into pounds sterling. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

Taxation 

i. 
The charge for taxation is based on the profit or loss for the year and takes into account deferred tax. The tax expense for 
the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the income statement, except to the extent that it relates 
to items recognised directly in equity. In this case the tax is also recognised directly in other comprehensive income or directly 
in equity, respectively. 

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the 
reporting period in the countries where the Company operates and generates taxable income.  Management  periodically 
evaluates  positions  taken  in  tax  returns  with  respect  to  situations  in  which  applicable  tax  regulation  is  subject  to 
interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities. 

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit or loss, and 
is accounted for using the liability method.  
Deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available in the 
foreseeable future against which the temporary differences can be utilised.  
Deferred income tax is recognised, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of 
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. However, the deferred tax is not accounted for 
if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that, at the time 
of the transaction, affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates 
(and laws) that have been enacted, or substantially enacted, by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply 
when the related deferred income tax asset is realised, or the deferred income tax liability is settled. 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset  when  there is a  legally enforceable right  to offset  current  tax assets 
against current tax liabilities, and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the 
same taxation authority on either the taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the 
balances on a net basis. 

Segmental information 

j. 
An operating segment is a distinguishable component of the Group which is subject to risks and rewards that are different 
from those of other segments. In the Group’s current portfolio, the geographical location of exploration projects provides 
the basis for grouping into segments. 
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-
maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the 
operating segments, has been identified as the Board of Directors of the Company. 

2.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting practice requires management 
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as well as the disclosure of 
contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  reporting  date  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the 
reporting period. Actual outcomes could differ from those estimates. 

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The areas of judgement that have 
the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements are as follows: 

i) 

JUDGEMENTS 

Capitalisation of exploration and evaluation costs - £2,417,000 
The  capitalisation  of  exploration  costs  relating  to  the  exploration  and  evaluation  phase  requires  management  to  make 
judgements as to the future events and circumstances of a project, especially in relation to whether an economically viable 
extraction  operation  can  be  established.  In  making  such  judgements,  the  Directors  take  comfort  from  the  findings  from 
exploration activities undertaken, the fact the Group intends to continue these activities and that the Company expects to 
be able to raise additional funding to enable it to continue the exploration activities.  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

2.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (continued) 

Impairment assessment of exploration and evaluation costs – £8,450,000  
At  each  reporting  date,  management  make  a  judgment  as  to  whether  circumstances  have  changed  following  the  initial 
capitalisation and whether there are indicators of impairment. If there are such indicators, an impairment review will be 
performed which could result  in the relevant  capitalised amount  being  written off to the income statement. For  further 
details see Note 10 “Intangible Assets”. 
This balance includes £3,084,000 relating to the Clogau Gold Project. Despite the delays in obtaining permissions for planned 
exploration on the Clogau Gold Project, management do not judge the Exploration and Evaluation costs associated with that 
project  to  be  impaired  at  30  November  2022.  Exploration  is  planned  and  budgeted  for  in  2023,  the  option  is  valid  until 
February 2025 and the Group has no data at this point that suggests that the asset value is unlikely to be recovered from 
successful development. 

Accounting for investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited – £2,600,000 
The Group and Company’s investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited (“HHDL”) is in the form of equity and a shareholder 
loan. However, the Directors judge that the loan is in substance part of the equity investment as governed by the HHDL 
investment agreement. As such the loan element of the investment is accounted for at fair value with movements in fair 
value being taken to profit or loss (FVTPL). 
The Group and Company’s shareholding in HHDL is less than 20%.  A director of the Company is also a director of HHDL but 
does not act in an executive capacity.  At the balance sheet date HHDL had a majority shareholder with a 77.9% shareholding.  
The  Directors  judge  that  the  Company  does  not  have  significant  influence  over  HHDL  and  that  it  should  not  be  equity 
accounted for as an associate. 

Company only - Impairment assessment of investment in and loans to subsidiaries – £8,505,000 
In preparing the parent company financial statements, the Directors apply judgement to decide if any, or all of the company’s 
investments in (and where applicable loans to) each of GreenRoc Mining plc, Aurum Mineral Resources Limited, Dragonfire 
Mining Limited group and GMOW Gwynfynydd Limited are impaired or not.  
These companies have no source of funds other than their shareholders and the ability of the companies to repay their inter-
company debt and for the Company to gain value from its investments in the companies is dependent on the future success 
of the companies’ exploration activities. In undertaking their review, the Directors consider the outcome of their impairment 
assessment of the relevant licences as detailed above.  
The Directors have used the Expected Credit Loss model to make a general provision against intercompany loans receivable 
based on historic credit losses and current data. In applying the expected credit loss model, the directors have judged that 
the loans to the subsidiaries were credit impaired on inception. See Note 12 for further details.  

ii) 

ESTIMATES 

Carrying value of investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited – £2,600,000 
The Company’s investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited is carried at fair value, as, in the judgement of the Directors, 
it has been possible to estimate a reliable fair value for the investment. For further details of the valuation see Note 11.  
The Directors believe that the intrinsic value of the oil field has not been diminished during the year but recognise that the 
majority owner’s impairment of part of that asset during 2022 is an indicator of impairment of the Group’s investment in 
HHDL  and  has  performed  an  impairment  review.    As  the  majority  owner  has  access  to  more  information  for  valuation 
purposes than the Group, management has revalued the fair value at 30 November 2022 to align with the fair value applied 
by the majority owner. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

3. 

ANALYSIS OF SEGMENTAL INFORMATION 

The  Group  currently  only  has  one  primary  reporting  business  segment,  exploration  and  development.  The  Board  of  the 
Company evaluates the business on a sector basis, the two sectors being mining and oil and gas. The group exploration assets 
and investments along with capital expenditures are presented on this basis below: 

Total assets 

Exploration and development 

Oil and gas 

Current assets 

Capital expenditure 

Exploration and plant 

2022 

£’000 

8,600 

2,600 

585 

11,785 

2021 

£’000 

6,247 

3,385 

4,126 

13,758 

2,436 

2,615 

The Group’s primary business activities operate in three different geographical areas (and the Group has an investment in a 
fourth area) and the group exploration assets and investments along with capital expenditures are presented on the basis of 
geographical segments below: 

Total assets 

Republic of Ireland (fully impaired) 

Greenland 

England & Wales 

Capital expenditure 

Greenland 

England & Wales 

2022 

£’000 

- 

5,343 

6,442 

11,785 

2022 

£’000 

2,091 

345 

2,436 

2021 

£’000 

- 

3,451 

10,307 

13,758 

2021 

£’000 

1,763 

852 

2,615 

The administrative expenditure in the income statement primarily relates to central costs or exploration costs that cannot 
be capitalised.   

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

4.  EXPENSES BY NATURE AND AUDITOR REMUNERATION 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

Current auditor (PKF Littlejohn LLP) 

- Group audit services 

- Subsidiary audit services 

- Taxation advice 
- Corporate finance services relating to 
IPO (costs in equity) 
- Taxation advise relating to IPO (costs in 
equity) 

Alba and 
subsidiaries 

£’000 

GreenRoc 

£’000 

2022 

£’000 

39 

- 

3 

- 

- 

42 

35 

- 

9 

- 

- 

44 

74 

- 

12 

- 

- 

86 

2021 

£’000 

35 

32 

6 

60 

12 

145 

Tax and corporate finance services  in the prior period relating to the IPO  were shared with the minority shareholders of 
GreenRoc Mining plc and respective shares of these costs are included within the Company’s investment in GreenRoc Mining 
plc and the NCI share of assets. 

Expenses by nature: 

Staff costs (note 6) 

Professional fees and insurances 

Consultancy not capitalised 

Office, travel, PR, other 

Forex 

Depreciation 

Settlement of historic claims  

Administrative expenses 

Other income 

Government grants 

Services provided 

Alba and 
subsidiaries 
£’000 

427 

174 

45 

120 

(17) 

7 

- 

756 

GreenRoc 

£’000 

534 

217 

9 

107 

- 

- 

- 

2022 

£’000 

961 

391 

54 

227 

(17) 

7 

- 

867 

1,623 

2022 

£’000 

- 

- 

- 

2021 

£’000 

628 

260 

108 

90 

7 

5 

(31) 

1,067 

2021 

£’000 

7 

16 

23 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

5.  ACQUISITIONS 

Exercise of put-and-call option over 10% of Clogau Gold Project plus buyback of Royalty  

On 1 September 2022 Alba completed the acquisition of the remaining 10% of the Clogau Gold Project by exercising a put-
and-call option over that 10%, taking its total ownership of the Project to 100%. At the same time, Alba bought back a 3% 
net smelter return royalty owned by the vendor, reducing the royalty to 1%, as well as settling a residual ~£72,000 of loans 
held by the vendor.  

Total consideration payable was the issue of 200 million Alba ordinary shares plus 81,930,830 two-year share warrants with 
an exercise price of 0.4p per share, valued at £39,000 via a Black Scholes formula. On the date of issue, the share price was 
0.15 pence and therefore the effective consideration was £300,000. 

The carrying value of the 10% put-and-call option was £214,000. No carrying value had been attributed to the Royalty. 

6.  DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS AND STAFF COSTS 

During the period the Group had on average 11.3 (2021: 10.1) employees each month, being the Directors (who are the key 
management personnel) plus finance, geological and local site staff. Where eligible, Directors and other staff accrue benefits 
under a money purchase auto-enrolment scheme held in NEST.  

Costs incurred by: 

2022 

Costs incurred by: 

2021 

Alba Mineral 
Resources plc 

GreenRoc 
Mining plc 

Total Group 

Alba Mineral 
Resources plc 

GreenRoc 
Mining plc 

Total Group 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Directors’ fees, salaries and 
pension (see table below) 

Directors’ share based payments 

Directors’ social security costs 

Staff costs 

Salaries and wages 

Share based payment charges 

Social security costs 

Defined contribution pension 
scheme 

Fees classified as consultancy 

Costs recharged to projects 

Staff costs reported in 
administrative expenses (Note 4) 

185 

56 

16 

221 

31 

25 

5 

(33) 

(79) 

427 

54 

69 

7 

295 

72 

27 

10 

- 

- 

534 

239 

125 

23 

516 

103 

52 

15 

(33) 

(79) 

961 

220 

114 

19 

247 

31 

26 

5 

(39) 

(161) 

462 

54 

16 

4 

71 

23 

7 

1 

- 

- 

166 

274 

130 

23 

318 

54 

33 

6 

(39) 

(161) 

628 

Average number of employees  

7.3 

6 

11.3* 

10.1 

6** 

10.9* 

** Average based on two months only.  
*Two employees of Alba are also employees of GreenRoc. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

6.  DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS AND STAFF COSTS (continued) 

Directors’ remuneration: 

2022 

2021 

Fees  Salaries  Pension 

FV of options 
vesting 

Total 

Fees 

Salaries 

Pension 

Bonus 

FV of options 
vesting 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

G.F. 

36 

115 

Fees capitalised 

(15) 

M.C.N 

E.H. 

M.L. 

L.B. 

G.F. GreenRoc 

6 

6 

- 

- 

- 

L.B. GreenRoc* 

n/a 

Total 

33 

- 

18 

18 

- 

- 

54 

n/a 

205 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

n/a 

1 

56 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

69 

n/a 

125 

208 

(15) 

24 

24 

- 

- 

241 

123 

n/a 

364 

43 

(15) 

6 

- 

5 

- 

- 

- 

115 

- 

18 

23 

2 

19 

9 

5 

39 

191 

1 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

2 

- 

2 

20 

10 

32 

56 

- 

8 

25 

- 

25 

16 

- 

130 

215 

(15) 

32 

49 

7 

46 

334 

45 

15 

394 

* LB resigned from the Board of Alba in 2021 so his 2022 remuneration from GreenRoc does not need separate disclosure 
here – see GreenRoc Report and Accounts for the year ended 30 November 2022. 
GF: George Frangeskides, MCN: Michael Nott, EH: Elizabeth Henson, ML: Manuel Lamboley, LB: Lars Brünner 

Note 24 gives further details of transactions with the Directors.  

Warrants and options 
During the year no warrants or options were granted to the Directors. Charges in the tables above relate to historic grants 
vesting. 
In 2021 warrants were issued to Mr Brünner (resigned) and Ms Henson with an exercise price of 0.5 pence per share. The 
warrants vested as follows: 4,000,000 each on 8 June 2021 and 8 December 2021 and can be exercised until 7 December 
2023. Mr Brünner waived the rights to his warrants when he stepped down  from the Board. The total estimated value of 
those warrants was £50,000. These values were derived from a Black Scholes model as described in Note 17. The warrants 
were granted when the share price was 0.41 pence per share and the warrants were valued at 0.031 pence. The warrant 
value was high as a proportion of market price due to the historic share price volatility. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

7. 

INCOME TAXES 

The UK corporation tax rate has been applied throughout the workings below as substantially all of the losses during the year 
(and historic losses in retained earnings) have been incurred by the parent or other companies resident in the UK for tax 
purposes. Using a weighted average rate would not change the effective tax rate. 

a) Analysis of charge in the period 

United Kingdom corporation tax at 19% (2021: 19%) 

Deferred taxation 

b) Factors affecting tax charge for the period 

2022 

£’000 

- 

- 

2021 

£’000 

- 

- 

The tax assessed on the loss for the year before tax differs from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK which is 19% 
(2021: 19%). The differences are explained below: 

Loss before tax 

2022 

£’000 

2021 

£’000 

(2,605) 

(1,840) 

Loss multiplied by standard rate of tax 

(495) 

(350) 

Effects of: 

Expenses not deductible 

Deferred tax assets not recognised/capital allowances not claimed 

235 

260 

- 

201 

149 

- 

A deferred tax asset has not been recognised in respect of timing differences relating to tax losses and accelerated capital 
allowances,  due  to  uncertainty  that  the  potential  asset  will  be  recovered.  The  aggregated  losses  in  each  of  the  Group 
companies  being  Alba  Mineral  Resources  plc  and  its  subsidiaries  as  listed  in  Note  12  amounted  to  £8,501,000  before 
adjustments required by local tax rules and excluding losses on intra-group transactions (2021: £6,436,000). 

8. 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The calculation of the basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the consolidated loss attributable to the equity holders of 
the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. The diluted earnings per share is 
the same as the basic earnings per share, as warrants/options are not dilutive due to the loss for the year. 

Loss attributable to group shareholders 

2022 

2021 

£’000 

(2,039) 

£’000 

(1,699) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for calculating basic loss per share 

6,476,717,573 

6,303,890,811 

Loss per share (pence) 

(0.031)  

(0.027)  

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

9. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Group 

Cost 

At 1 December 2020 

Additions 

At 30 November 2021 

Additions 

At 30 November 2022 

Accumulated Depreciation 

At 30 November 2020 and at 1 December 2021 

Charge for the year 

At 30 November 2021 

Charge for the year 

At 30 November 2022 

Net Book Value at 30 November 2022 

Net Book Value at 30 November 2021 

Land  Plant, equipment 
and vehicles 
£’000 

£’000 

Total 

£’000 

85 

- 

85 

- 

85 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

85 

85 

26 

31 

57 

20 

77 

- 

(5) 

(5) 

(7) 

111 

31 

142 

20 

162 

- 

(5) 

(5) 

(7) 

(12) 

(12) 

65 

52 

150 

137 

The land is part of the Clogau gold project. At the year end the land is held at cost. No depreciation is charged as it is not a 
wasting asset. Plant is part of the Clogau gold project.  

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

10. 

INTANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS  

Group  

Cost 

As 30 November 2020 

Additions 

Disposals 

As 30 November 2021 

Additions 

At 30 November 2022 

Amortisation and impairment 

At 30 November 2020 

Disposals 

At 30 November 2021  

Impairment charge 2022 

At 30 November 2022 

Net book value  

At 30 November 2022 
At 30 November 2021 

Exploration and 
evaluation  
£’000 

Development and 
production 
£’000 

4,261 

2,584 

- 

6,845 

2,539 

9,384 

(735) 

- 

(735) 

(199) 

(934) 

8,450 

6,110 

374 

- 

(374) 

- 

- 

- 

(374) 

374 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Total  
£’000 

4,635 

2,584 

(374) 

6,845 

2,539 

9,384 

(1,109) 

374 

(735) 

(199) 

(934) 

8,450 

6,110 

The Group’s intangible fixed assets relate to the Welsh gold projects (Clogau, Dolgellau Gold and Gwynfynydd) (£3,107,000), 
and the Greenland projects held by GreenRoc Mining plc (£5,343,000). 

Although there are delays in obtaining permissions for planned exploration on the Clogau Gold Project, management do not 
judge the Exploration and Evaluation costs associated with that project to be impaired at 30 November 2022. Exploration is 
planned  and  budgeted  for  in  2023,  the  option  is  valid until  February  2025  and  the  Group  has  no  data  at  this  point  that 
suggests that the asset value is unlikely to be recovered from successful development. 

During the period GreenRoc Mining plc impaired all capitalised costs in respect of the Inglefield project on the basis of that 
Company’s decision to discontinue activity at that permit. The impairment charge arising £199,000. 

At the year end the amount of liabilities (being creditors and accruals) relating to the exploration and evaluation assets was 
£265,000. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

11. 

INVESTMENTS 

Group and Company 

At 30 November 2020 

Revaluation of investment 

At 30 November 2021 

Revaluation of investment 

£’000 

4,000 

(615) 

3,385 

(785) 

2,600 

The  above  investment  represents  an  investment  in  18.1%*  (2020:  18.1%)  of  the  issued  share  capital  of  Horse  Hill 
Developments Limited (“HHDL”) and associated loans to that company accruing interest at variable rates linked to the Bank 
of England base rate. Those loans and interest are treated as part of the overall investment and as such are classified as fair 
value through the profit and loss. Any interest due is subsumed within the overall investment valuation (see Note 22). 

HHDL is a private company with no stock quote. There have been no share transactions in HHDL stock nor transactions in 
licence interests in the past two years to provide any basis for valuation.  
The  majority  owner  and  operator  of  HHDL,  UK  Oil  &  Gas  plc  (UKOG)  recently  announced  its  results  for  year  ended  30 
September 2022 including an impairment of  the HH1 well based on net present value calculations  (utilising an internally 
generated depletion curve that was independently reviewed). Costs were based on current costs less any anticipated savings. 
A long-term Brent oil price of US$81/bbl was used being the spot rate at the time of assessment, with a discount rate of 
3.86%  used  being  the  weighted  average  costs  of  capital  of  Horse  Hill  Developments  Ltd,  the  holding  company  of  the 
producing  well  HH-1).  There  is  inherent  uncertainty  in  any  oil  field  valuation  due  to  the  uncertainty  of  future  oil  price 
movements.  
The Directors believe that the intrinsic value of the oil field has not been diminished but recognise that UKOG’s impairment 
of the HH1 asset is an indicator of impairment of the Group’s investment in HHDL.  That investment value has been reviewed 
for impairment. With reference to UKOG’s recent results, where that company has access to more information for valuation 
purposes than the Group, management has revalued the 18.1% investment in HHDL to align with the value of HHDL in UKOG’s 
balance sheet (comprising an investment in HHDL and shareholder loans to HHDL). 
This revised valuation is a Level 3 valuation under the IFRS 9 hierarchy, as was the valuation in prior year, as defined in Note 
22. 

The registered office of HHDL is: The Broadgate Tower, 8th Floor, 20 Primrose Street, London, EC2A 2EW. 

*In a prior period the Company elected not to contribute its share of a cash call. As a result the Company’s shareholding 
could be diluted but the impact would be minimal, the reduction being less than 0.1% of the total issued share capital of 
HHDL. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

12. 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARY UNDERTAKINGS 

Investments 

Notes 

Company 

At 30 November 2020 

Additions – purchase of minorities 

5 

Additions – expenditure 

Repayments 

Disposals to another group company 

Additional holding in subsidiary as 
consideration, net of costs 

Foreign exchange movements 

Adjustment to Expected Credit Loss 
provision 

Impairment of intercompany loan 

At 30 November 2021 

Additions – purchase of minority and 
royalty 

Additions – expenditure 

Impairment of intercompany loan 

£’000 

298 

370 

- 

- 

(668) 

5,500 

- 

- 

- 

5,500 

- 

- 

- 

Capital 
Contributions 
£’000 

Loans 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

1,116 

1,341 

- 

1,965 

(500) 

2,755 

370 

1,965 

(500) 

(2,003) 

(2,671) 

- 

(49) 

417 

24 

5,500 

(49) 

417 

24 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,116 

339 

- 

- 

1,195 

7,811 

- 

370 

(15) 

339 

370 

(15) 

At 30 November 2022 

5,500 

1,455 

1,550 

8,505 

Upon adoption of IFRS 9 the Company recognised a provision for expected credit loss against the loans due from subsidiaries. 
These loans are interest-free and have no agreed terms. For the purposes of IFRS 9 the loans were assumed to be repayable 
on demand. However management has agreed that these loans will not be recalled within 12 months from the balance sheet 
date so they are classified as long term. 
The loans are assessed as being credit impaired on inception as the subsidiaries have no income other than the receipt of 
inter-company funding and as the loans are primarily used to fund the subsidiaries deferred exploration expenditure. The 
subsidiaries would only be able to repay the loans if they can either sell their exploration assets or develop them to the point 
at which the assets generate cash flows, both of which would take time to achieve. Therefore, at inception, it is known that 
the loans will not be able to be repaid in accordance with the loan terms (that is, on demand) and therefore they are assessed 
as being credit impaired.  

Historic and current data has been used to derive a probability of default and this has been applied across the portfolio of 
loans.  

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

12. 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARY UNDERTAKINGS (continued) 

At  30  November  2022  the  Company  held  the  following  interests  in  subsidiary  undertakings,  which  are  included  in  the 
consolidated financial statements: 

Name of company 

Country of 
incorporation 

Holding at 30 
November 2022 

Nature of 
holding 

Holding at 30 
November 2021 

Business 

Aurum Mineral Resources Ltd 

Ireland 

Mauritania Ventures Limited 

England & Wales 

Dragonfire Mining Limited 

England & Wales 

Gold Mines of Wales Limited 

Jersey 

GMOW (Holdings) Limited 

England & Wales 

GMOW (Operations) Limited 

England & Wales 

GMOW Gwynfynydd Limited 

England & Wales 

GreenRoc Mining plc  

Obsidian Mining Limited 
White Eagle Resources 
Limited 

England & Wales 

England & Wales 

England & Wales 

White Fox Resources Limited 

England & Wales 

100% 

50% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

54% 

54% 

54% 

54% 

Direct 

Direct 

Direct 

Indirect 

Indirect 

Indirect 

Direct 

Direct 

Indirect 

Indirect 

Indirect 

100% 

Exploration 

50%  Non-trading 

100% 

Exploration 

90% 

90% 

90% 

Holding Co. 

Holding Co. 

Exploration 

100% 

Exploration 

54% 

Parent 

54% (indirect) 
54% (indirect) 

54% (indirect) 

Exploration 

Exploration 

Exploration 

The address of the registered office of Aurum Mineral Resources Ltd is c/o Hugh Lennon Associates, Unit 8&10 Church View, 
Cavan, Ireland.  

The address of the registered office of Gold Mines of Wales Limited is 3rd Floor, IFC5, Castle Street, St Helier, Jersey JE2 3BY. 

All the other companies have their registered office at 6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch Street, London EC3V 0HR.  

Mauritania  Ventures  Limited  has  been  treated  as  a  subsidiary  undertaking  because  the  Company  exercises  dominant 
influence over the investment by virtue of having the casting vote at Board meetings. The Company was dissolved on 14 
February 2023. 

During the period Dragonfire Mining Limited acquired 10% of Gold Mines of Wales Limited, taking its holding to 100%. See 
Note 5 to the Accounts for further details on this transaction. 

After the reporting date, GreenRoc Mining plc issued further share capital. Alba’s interest in GreenRoc was diluted to 44.67% 
at 9 March 2023. See Note 25 “Events after the Reporting Date” for more information. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

13. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Current 
Other debtors 
Prepayments and accrued income 

Group 
2022 
£’000 
109 
20 

Group 
2021 
£’000 
159 
19 

Company 
2022 
£’000 
92 
19 

Company 
2021 
£’000 
88 
16 

129 

178 

111 

104 

The fair value of trade and other receivables approximates to their book value.  

14. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash at bank and in hand 

The fair value of cash at bank is the same as its carrying value. 

15. 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Current 
Trade creditors 
Other creditors 
Accruals and deferred income 

Group 
2022 

£’000 

456 

Group 
2021 

£’000 

3,948 

Company 
2022 

Company 
2021 

£’000 

£’000 

322 

663 

Group 
2022 
£’000 
222 
15 
227 
464 

Group 
2021 
£’000 
481 
13 
177 
671 

Company 
2022 
£’000 
81 
15 
69 
165 

Company 
2021 
£’000 
80 
13 
74 
167 

The fair value of trade and other payables approximates to their book value.  

16. 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 
The Company has no financial liabilities. 

Group 

Other borrowings 

Financial Liabilities 
At 30 November 2019 and 2020 
Revaluation recognised in the profit and loss 
At 30 November 2021 
Released as part of 10% minority purchase 

At 30 November 2022 

£’000 
7 
- 
7 
(7) 

- 

Derivative financial 
instrument 
£’000 
34 
180 
214 
(214) 

- 

Total 

£’000 
41 
180 
221 
(221) 

- 

The  derivative  financial  instrument  related  to  the  recognition  of  a  liability  in  respect  of  the  put  and  call  option  over  the 
remaining 10% shareholding in the Clogau gold project at last year end, which the Company acquired during the period. See 
Note 5 for further information. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

17. 

CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL 

Issued, allotted and fully paid 

Ordinary shares of 0.1 pence 

Ordinary shares of 0.01 pence 

Deferred shares of 0.9 pence 

2022 

Number 

of shares 

2022 

£’000 

2021 

Number 

of shares 

- 

7,121,568,996 

93,070,100 

712  6,404,645,919 

838 

93,070,100 

B deferred shares of 0.09 pence 

3,918,351,946 

3,526  3,918,351,946 

Total 

11,132,991,042 

5,076  10,416,067,965 

2021 

£’000 

- 

641 

838 

3,526 

5,005 

The Company’s Articles do not specify authorised share capital. All issued ordinary shares carry equal rights. The deferred 
shares do not carry any rights to vote or dividend rights. In addition, holders of deferred shares will only be entitled to a 
payment on a return of capital or on a winding up of the Company after each of the holders of the ordinary shares have 
received a payment of £1,000,000 on each such share.  

During the year the Company issued ordinary shares as follows: 

Ordinary shares  Deferred shares  Share premium 

Total 

Ordinary shares  
of 0.01 pence 

6,404,645,919 

£’000 
641 

£’000 
4,364 

At 1 December 2021 
September issue of shares as 
consideration for 10% minority 
acquisition 
September exercise of warrants 
November placing net of fees 
November placing warrants 
valuation 
At 30 November 2022 

200,000,000 
16,923,077 
500,000,000 

20 
1 
50 

- 
- 
- 

£’000 
9,877 

280 
20 
420 
(136) 

£’000 
14,882 

300 
21 
470 
(136) 

712 

4,364 

10,461 

15,537 

Warrants 

809,286,713 
250,000,000 
81,930,830 
- 
(16,923,077) 
(244,363,636) 
879,930,830 

Warrants 
reserve 
£’000 
1,425 
136 
39 
87 
(13) 
(487) 
1,187 

At 1 December 2021 
Warrants granted with placings 
Warrants issued as consideration 
Warrants vesting (counted in brought forward balance) 
Warrants exercised 
Warrants expired/waived 
At 30 November 2022 

Of the warrants outstanding at 30 November 2022, 857,930,830 are vested and able to be exercised. The weighted average 
exercise price of these vested warrants is 0.35 pence. Where warrants were exercised in the year, the weighted average 
share price at the date of exercise was 0.14 pence. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

17. 

CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL (continued) 

As at 30 November 2022 Alba had 879,930,830 warrants and options outstanding: 

No. of warrants 
60,000,0001 
60,000,0002 
50,000,0003 
200,000,0003 

Exercise price (pence) 

0.4 pence 
0.42 pence 
0.16 pence 
0.16 pence  

160,000,000 
10,000,000 
8,000,0004 
91,930,830 
250,000,000 
879,930,830 

0.75 pence 
0.375 pence 
0.5 pence 
0.4 pence 
0.2 pence 
At 30 November 2022 

Final exercise date 
13 January 2027 
2 May 2028 
31 December 2023 
28 August 2030 

23 November 2022 
1 December 2022 
7 December 2023 
31 August 2024 
16 November 2024 

Vested 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Partially vested.  
Awarded under the EMI scheme.  
Partially vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 

As at 30 November 2021 Alba had 809,286,713 warrants and options outstanding: 

No. of warrants 
60,000,0001 
60,000,0002 
16,923,077 
236,363,636 
50,000,0003 
200,000,0003 

Exercise price (pence) 

0.4 pence 
0.42 pence 
0.13 pence  
0.55 pence 
0.16 pence 
0.16 pence  

160,000,000 
10,000,000 
16,000,0004 
809,286,713 

0.75 pence 
0.375 pence 
0.5 pence 
At 30 November 2021 

Final exercise date 
13 January 2027 
2 May 2028 
4 September 2022 
20 September 2022 
31 December 2023 
28 August 2030 

23 November 2022 
1 December 2022 
7 December 2023 

Vested 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested 
Vested 
Vested 
Partially vested.  
Awarded under the EMI scheme.  
Partially vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Partially vested. 

1,2,3,4 These warrants fall within the scope of IFRS 2 “Share-based Payments” and were issued in 2017, 2018, 2020 respectively.  

The fair value of the warrants issued in 2022 calculated using a Black Scholes model was £175,000. Within the meaning of 
the IFRS 13 fair value hierarchies, this is a Level 2 valuation. It is based on a risk-free rate of 10 year gilts on the date of grant, 
a dividend yield of nil, the life of the options, the share price at the date of issue of the warrants and the strike prices of the 
warrants. The volatility was derived from the quoted prices for the Company’s shares in the 12-month period prior to the 
issue of the respective warrants. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

18. 

NON-CONTROLING INTERESTS 

Mauritania 
Ventures Ltd 

White Fox 
Resources Ltd 

GreenRoc 
Mining plc 

Total NCIs 
£’000 

At 30 November 2020 

Acquisition of NCI 

NCI arising from IPO 

Share of loss for the year 

Share of other reserves 

At 30 November 2021 

Share of loss for the year 
Share of movement on other 
reserves 

At 30 November 2022 

(9) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(9) 

- 

- 

(9) 

(7) 

7 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,806 

(141) 

76 

2,741 

(566) 

65 

2,240 

(16) 

7 

2,806 

(141) 

76 

2,732 

(566) 

65 

2,231 

The Group recognises the non-controlling interest in GreenRoc Mining plc at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate 
share of the entity’s net identifiable assets as included in the Group balance sheet. These differ from the assets presented in 
the standalone GreenRoc Mining plc Report and Accounts due to consolidation entries, including elimination of fair valuation 
uplift generated in the IPO in 2021. This fair value uplift was judged by management to be intragroup profit.  

At the balance sheet date Alba holds 53.96% of the share capital of GreenRoc Mining plc (see Note 12). Voting rights do not 
differ from ownership interests.  

After the year end Alba’s ownership was diluted to 44.67%. For more information see Note 25. 

The  Report  and  Accounts  of  GreenRoc  Mining  plc  for  the  period  ended  30  November  2022  can  be  found  on  its  website 
www.greenrocmining.com. 

19. 

LEASES 

The Company has no lease or rental commitments within scope of IFRS 16. Expenditure short-term leases during the year 
was £19,000.  

20. 

CAPITAL COMMITMENTS   

As at 30 November 2022, the Group / Company had commitments to spend at least £470,000 in the calendar year 2023 on 
its Greenland licences (2021: £105,000), After taking into account credit from historic expenditure, the real commitments 
for 2023 reduce to approximately £130,000 due to be spent on the Melville Bay project.  

21. 

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES   

A 4% net smelter royalty agreement was agreed as part of the acquisition of the Clogau gold project in 2018. During the year 
the Group acquired 3% of that. A 1% net smelter royalty agreement remains in place. The Group has no obligations under 
this agreement until such time as gold is produced and sold.  

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

22. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The Group’s financial instruments comprise investments, cash at bank and various items such as debtors, loans and creditors. 
The Group has not entered into derivative transactions nor does it trade financial instruments as a matter of policy.  

Credit risk 
The  Group’s  credit  risk  arises  primarily  from  cash  at  bank,  debtors  and  the  risk  the  counterparty  fails  to  discharge  its 
obligations. As at 30 November 2022, debtors included £25,000 that was past due but not impaired (2021: £8,100). Given 
the low number and value of debtors management considers recoverability of any overdue amount individually on an annual 
basis. 
The Company’s credit risk primarily arises from intercompany debtors and this is reviewed annually in the course of reviewing 
the Expected Credit Loss provision required under IFRS 9. See Note 12 for more details. 

Funding risk  
Funding risk is the possibility that the Group might not have access to the financing it needs. The Group’s continued future 
operations depend on the ability to raise sufficient working capital through the issue of equity share capital. The Directors 
are confident  that adequate funding will be forthcoming with which  to finance operations.  The Board has a strong track 
record of raising funds as required. Controls over expenditure are carefully managed and activities planned to ensure that 
the Group has sufficient funding. 

Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk arises from the management of cash funds and working capital. The risk is that the Group will fail to meet its 
financial obligations as they fall due. The Group operates within the constraints of available funds and cash flow projections 
are produced and regularly reviewed by management. 
At 30 November 2022 the management  considers that the liquidity risk  is not  material as sufficient  cash is held to meet 
financial liabilities to be settled in cash. 
Future liquidity risk is addressed in Note 1 under the heading “Going Concern”. 

Interest rate risk profile of financial assets 
Excluding the investment in HHDL, the only financial assets (other than short term debtors) are cash at bank and in hand, 
which comprises money at call. The interest earned in the year was nil. The Directors believe the fair value of the financial 
instruments is not materially different to the book value. 
The investment in HHDL includes a loan element. Under an investment agreement those loans attract interest. Loans plus 
interest become payable once HHDL has surplus cash. As the Group / Company treats the loan as held at fair value through 
profit and loss, any interest credit is subsumed within the fair value movement.  

Foreign currency risk 
The Group has an Irish subsidiary, which can affect the Group’s sterling denominated reported results as a consequence of 
movements in the sterling/euro exchange rates. The Group also incurs costs denominated in foreign currencies (primarily  
Danish Krone) which gives rise to short term exchange risk. The Group does not currently hedge against these exposures as 
they are deemed immaterial and there is no material exposure as at the year-end. No sensitivity analysis has been performed. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

22. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

Market risk  
Following the acquisition of the investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited (“HHDL”), the Group is exposed to market 
risk in that the value of the investment would be expected to vary depending on the price of oil and the future cash calls will, 
to an extent, depend on the revenue generated from oil produced from well testing activities. For a review of the progress 
of the Horse Hill project, please see the Chairman’s Statement. 

During the year under review the price of Brent crude oil trended upwards from $70 at the start of the year to over $100 
then to $86 at the 30 November 2022, stabilising at around $85 for the last 6 month. However a sustained downturn in the 
price  of  oil  would  have  a  materially  adverse  effect  on  the  revenues  generated  from  the  Horse  Hill  Oil  Field.    A  material 
reduction in the market value of HHDL shares can be expected to result in a proportionate reduction in the carrying value of 
the Group’s investment in HHDL.    

Categories of financial instrument 

Financial assets 

Investments at fair value through profit or loss: 

  Investment in HHDL (Note 11) 

Held at amortised cost:  

  Trade and other receivables  

Cash and cash equivalents 

  Intercompany receivables net of expected credit losses 

Financial liabilities 

Liabilities held at fair value through profit or loss: 

  Derivative financial instrument (Note 16) 

Held at amortised cost: 

 Trade and other payables 

 Other financial liabilities  

Group 

Group 

Company 

Company 

2022 

£’000 

2021 

£’000 

2022 

£’000 

2021 

£’000 

2,600 

3,385 

2,600 

3,385 

109 

456 

- 

159 

3,948 

- 

3,165 

7,492 

92 

322 

1,550 

4,564 

88 

663 

1,195 

5,331 

- 

214 

237 

- 

237 

494 

7 

715 

- 

96 

- 

96 

- 

93 

- 

93 

Valuation of financial instruments 
Under IFRS 9 the valuation of financial instruments  is categorised based on the inputs used to generate the valuation as 
follows: 

Level  1:  The  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  traded  in  active  markets  (such  as  publicly  traded  derivatives,  and  equity 
securities) is based on quoted market prices at the end of the reporting period. The quoted market price used for financial 
assets held by the group is the current bid price. These instruments are included in level 1. 

Level  2:  The  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  that  are  not  traded  in  an  active  market  (for  example,  over-the-counter 
derivatives) is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as  

possible  on  entity-specific  estimates.  If  all  significant  inputs  required  to  fair  value  an  instrument  are  observable,  the 
instrument is included in level 2.   

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. 
This is the case for unlisted equity securities.  

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

22. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

The Group’s financial instruments by valuation method: 

Financial assets held at FVTPL 

Investment -  FV at 30 November 2021 

Impairment expense in 2022 

Investment - FV at 30 November 2022 

Financial liabilities held at FVTPL 

Derivative financial instrument (Note 16) – FV at 30 November 2021 

 Exercise of instrument in 2022 

Derivative financial instrument (Note 16) – FV at 30 November 2022 

Level 3 

£’000 

3,385 

(785) 

2,600 

214 

(214) 

- 

Total 

£’000 

3,385 

(785) 

2,600 

214 

(214) 

- 

For more information on the valuation bases see the relevant Notes referred to above.  
Included in the value for HHDL are loans of £2,126,000 plus accrued interest. These were designated as fair value through 
the profit and loss on recognition as they form part of the Company’s investment in Horse Hill  Developments Limited. The 
maximum exposure to credit risk of this financial asset at the end of the reporting period is the carrying amounts of the loans. 
The loans are not valued separately from the investment. No change in fair value to date has been attributable to a change 
in credit risk. 

 23. 

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The Group’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and develop 
its mining and exploration activities to provide returns for shareholders. The Group’s funding comprises equity and debt. The 
Directors consider the Company’s capital and reserves to be capital. When considering the future capital requirements of 
the Group and the potential to fund specific project development via debt, the Directors consider the risk characteristics of 
all the underlying assets in assessing the optimal capital structure. 

24. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

All related party transactions have been conducted at arm’s length.  
Fees charged by Directors are detailed below and also shown in Note 6. “Directors’ emoluments and staff costs”. 

Company 
Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on 
consolidation.  The  loan  balances  and  transactions  in  the  year  with  the  subsidiaries  are  disclosed  in  Note  12.  Details  of 
transactions between the Company and other related parties are disclosed below. 

Group  
Stirling Corporate Limited and Berwick Capital Limited, companies which George Frangeskides, a director of the Company, 
controls,  billed  the  Group  combined  £2,000  (2021:  £nil)  for  recharges  of  historic  costs  incurred  in  the  course  of  work 
performed on behalf of the Group. These amounts were accrued in prior periods and were outstanding at year end. There 
are no terms and conditions associated with the outstanding balances. 

Aetos Consulting Limited, a company which George Frangeskides, a director of the Company,  jointly controls, charged the 
Group  fees  for  consultancy  services  of  £36,000  (2021:  £43,000).  Of  these  fees,  £15,000  represents  work  carried  out 
specifically on the advancement of the Group’s project portfolio and has therefore been capitalised. During the period this 
company also recharged the Group amounts totalling £7,000 for historic expenses incurred on behalf of the Group. These 
costs were accrued in prior periods.  

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2022 

24. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued) 

As at the year-end £53,000 (2021: £44,000) was owed to Aetos Consulting Limited and £36,000 was accrued for invoices 
expected. There are no terms and conditions associated with the outstanding balance. 

Woodridge Associates, a trading name of Michael Nott, a director of the Company,  charged the Group fees of £6,000 for 
consultancy services during the year including £1,500 accrued at 30 November 2022. 

Ixia Advisers, a company controlled by Elizabeth Henson, a director of the Company, charged the Group fees of £6,000 for 
consultancy services during the year. 

25. 

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 

Corporate 
In December 2022 GreenRoc Mining plc announced a placing and a broker option. On 6 March 2023 GreenRoc Mining plc 
announced a  further placing. The combined effect of these rounds of fundraising is to dilute Alba’s holding in GreenRoc 
Mining plc to 44.67% after the reporting date.  
On 2 May 2023 the Company announced a change in broker. 

Clogau Gold Project 
On 27 March 2023 the Company updated the market on the progress of the permit applications for activities at the Clogau 
Gold Project. 

GreenRoc Mining plc - Amitsoq Graphite Project 
Since the balance sheet date GreenRoc Mining plc has made a number of RNS announcements on the progress of the Amitsoq 
graphite project. Also announced was a share placing (see “Corporate” above). 
For further information see GreenRoc Mining plc full year results announced on 24 March 2023. 

Horse Hill Oil Project 
On 28 March 2023 terms of a proposed farm-in arrangement for a seismic survey and future drilling at the Horse Hill oil field 
were announced by UKOG. These are subject to shareholder consent.  

Limerick Base Metals 
The  Group  announced  that  it  had  surrendered  its  exploration  licence  in  Limerick  on  20  January  2023.  Due  to  lack  of 
permissions, viable exploration targets could not be progressed and under the terms of the licence from relevant authorities 
in Ireland, the licence must be surrendered where no further expenditure was planned. 

26. 

ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

The Directors consider there is no ultimate controlling party. 

. 

58