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Alba Mineral Resources plc

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FY2023 Annual Report · Alba Mineral Resources plc
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Company No. 05285814 

Alba Mineral Resources plc 

REPORT AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONTENTS 

Officers and professional advisers 

Chairman’s Statement 

Strategic Report 

Directors’ Report 

Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Income Statement  

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 

Company Cash Flow Statement   

Notes to the Financial Statements 

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

OFFICERS AND PROFESSIONAL ADVISERS 

DIRECTORS  
George Frangeskides (Chairman) 
Michael Nott 
Elizabeth Henson 

SECRETARY 
Ben Harber 

REGISTERED IN ENGLAND & WALES 
Company Number 05285814 

REGISTERED OFFICE 
6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch St 
London EC3V 0HR 

NOMINATED ADVISERS 
SPARK Advisory Partners Limited 
5 St. John’s Lane 
London EC1M 4BH 

BROKERS 
CMC Markets 
133 Houndsditch 
London EC3A 7BX 

AUDITOR 
PKF Littlejohn LLP 
15 Westferry Circus 
London E14 4HD 

SOLICITORS 
Keystone Law  
48 Chancery Lane 
London WC2A 1JF 

PRINCIPAL BANKERS 
Metro Bank 
One Southampton Row 
London WC1B 5HA 

REGISTRARS 
Share Registrars Limited 
3 Millennium Centre 
Crosby Way 
Farnham 
Surrey GU9 7XX 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

The Board of Alba Mineral Resources plc is pleased to report the results for the financial year ended 30 November 
2023.   

References to the “Company” or “Alba” are to Alba Mineral Resources plc and references to the “Group” are to 
Alba collectively with its Subsidiary Companies (as listed in Note 13).  

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Alba’s corporate strategy is to unlock latent value from previously drilled or mined projects and to this end we 
are advancing multiple projects across the Dolgellau Gold Belt in Wales, with a particular focus on the Clogau-St 
David’s Gold Mine  (“Clogau” or the "Clogau Project").  Additionally, we  hold significant  stakes in two investee 
companies,  including  GreenRoc  Mining  Plc  (“GreenRoc”),  an  AIM-quoted  vehicle  which  is  dedicated  to  the 
exploration and development of critical mineral projects in Greenland. After the year end, we announced that we 
had purchased an option over 50% over a lithium exploration project in Western Australia. 

1. 

     REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES 

1.1  WELSH GOLD PROJECTS  

Introduction 

The  story  at  Clogau  and the  wider  Dolgellau  Gold  Belt  this  past  year  has  been  of our  team  having to 
manage a series of obstacles to the implementation of our work programmes. However, due in no small 
measure to our ability to overcome those many challenges that have been thrown at us, as I write I am 
more optimistic than ever about the prospects for the Clogau Mine.  

The most obvious example of those obstacles came during the course of the dewatering of our primary 
in-mine gold target, the Llechfraith Target within the Lower Llechfraith Workings. Having spent the best 
part of two years undertaking a painstaking Habitat  Regulations Assessment for the Mine,  and finally 
obtaining the permits in July 2023 to enable us to commence the dewatering of those workings, we then 
encountered freak and sustained rainfall of historic proportions in north Wales during the summer of 
2023 which meant that our permits had to be effectively re-applied for, to allow for much higher pumping 
rates.  Nonetheless, we now have those enhanced permits and are busy getting on with preparations for 
blasting and bulk sampling. 

In this section, I cover the progress made at the Llechfraith Target as well as over our regional exploration 
targets and at the historic gold Waste Tip. 

Clogau and the Llechfraith Target (100% owned) 

During  the  first  half  of  the  reporting  period,  much  our  work  was  focused  on  securing  the  ecological 
permits required for us to be able to dewater and then explore the Llechfraith Target within the Lower 
Llechfraith Workings at Clogau, this being our highest priority gold target within the Mine system.  During 
the second half of the reporting period and in the post reporting period, we have been getting on with 
implementing our work programmes. 

The Llechfraith Target at Clogau has all the key geological characteristics for the occurrence of high-grade 
gold mineralisation, including greenstone sills, Clogau Shales and structural complexity in the lode itself. 
This area was a key focus for the last large-scale development efforts at Clogau, prior to Alba's time.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

In July 2023 we were delighted to report the award to us of the key ecological permits in relation to our 
plans to bulk sample the Llechfraith Target. Having already done much of the preparatory and planning 
work in advance in terms of lining up contractors, equipment and materials, we were able to start the 
dewatering exercise within a matter of days following permit grant.  And once the workings had been 
dewatered to  a  sufficient extent, our  contractors were  able  to  start  work  on  the  essential safety  and 
access works which would enable us to make our way safely into the lower workings. 

Dewatering was initially successfully undertaken down to circa  six metres depth, however unseasonal 
and exceptionally heavy rainfall during last summer, some three times higher than the average for the 
time of year, resulted in the workings reflooding. In September 2023, we were refused our request for a 
temporary extension to higher rate abstraction to take account of those exceptionally heavy rains in July 
and  August.  So,  while  we  progressed  our  applications  for  formal  variations  to  our  discharge  and 
abstraction permits, we at the same time commenced emergency abstraction under the statutory right 
afforded to us under the Water Resources Act 1991 to protect the integrity of the safety and access works 
we had completed on Levels 2 and 3 prior to the workings reflooding.  

The  formal  permit  variations  were  granted  in  December  2023,  and  enabled  us  to  complete  the 
dewatering of the Mine down to and including No.4 Level.   

Once  access  was  obtained  to  No.4  Level,  our  team  took  more  than  40  samples  from  there  and  then 
processed  those  samples  through  the  Company's  Gravity  Processing  Plant  to  produce  heavy  mineral 
concentrates.  Composites  of  the  concentrates  were  then  sent  to  a  third-party  refining  facility  and 
returned exceptional gold grades: 

- 

- 

- 

From Composite 1: 3.1 grams of gold were recovered from 49.2 kg of sample (dry weight), equating 
to a back-calculated head grade of 89.15 g/t or 2.87 troy ounces per tonne (oz/t).   

From Composite sample 2: 3.2 grams of gold were recovered from 34.4 kg of sample (dry weight), 
equating to a back-calculated head grade of 111.63 g/t or 3.59 oz/t.      

From Composite sample 3: 4.0 grams of gold were recovered from 36.9 kg of sample (dry weight), 
equating to a back-calculated head grade of 133.73 g/t or 4.30 oz/t. 

While the planned bulk sampling within the extension to the Llechfraith Payshoot below No.4 Level will 
target "bonanza"  type  grades  of  the  kind  found  in  previous  periods of  mining at  Clogau,  if the  above 
grades  encountered  on  No.4  Level  are  replicated  more  extensively,  this  is  expected  to  significantly 
strengthen the economic case for reopening the mine for commercial production. 

A  cabin  structure  on  the  Llechfraith  Adit  level  is  a  key  part  of  the  bat  exclusion  and  noise  mitigation 
measures which were implemented by us to in order to secure the necessary environmental permits to 
enable us to proceed with bulk sampling works at the Lower Llechfraith Workings. Acoustics tests which 
we undertook in September 2023 demonstrated that these measures were sufficiently effective for us to 
be granted an extension to our permission (under a European Protected Species Licence) in November 
2023 which entitles the Company to continue its operations to dewater and explore the Lower Llechfraith 
workings at Clogau continuously until 31 September 2024.  

Dolgellau Gold Exploration Project (100% owned) 

In relation to our airborne geophysical surveys over some of the key regional exploration targets over the 
Dolgellau Gold Belt, the start date was impacted by delays in getting the go-ahead from the Civil Aviation 
Authority  and  subsequently  by  adverse  weather  conditions  across  the  survey  areas.  In  the  end,  we 
obtained the final permission and completed the surveys in February 2024.   

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Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

As at the date of writing, we have announced the results of the interpretation of the geophysical data 
collected over the Clogau mine area, which has identified three new gold targets. Two of those are within 
the envelope of the existing mine area, which is an advantage as it should be feasible to access and drill 
those targets directly from underground. We await the results of interpretation of the data sets covering 
the other two regional target areas covered of Hafod Owen and Castell Carndochan. 

Clogau Waste Tip (100% owned) 

Meanwhile, over at the historic Waste Tip, where average grades from Alba's sampling of the fine fraction 
(<20mm material) have averaged more than 2 g/t, following a review of the plan for future exploitation 
of the Waste Tip the Company has decided to carry out a trenching programme prior to submitting a 
planning application for the Waste Tip.  As at the date of writing, the trenching programme has collected 
around  35  tonnes  of  fines  material  and  we  are  now  proceeding  to  process  that  material  for  its  gold 
content. 

1.2 

GREENROC MINING PLC  

Introduction 

From September 2021, when Alba completed the spin-out and IPO of our Greenland assets into GreenRoc 
Mining Plc (“GreenRoc”), until March 2023, Alba held a 54% majority interest in GreenRoc.  As such, Alba’s 
consolidated financial statements include GreenRoc and its subsidiaries to that date.   

More recently, fundraisings completed by GreenRoc in order to push forward the development of the 
high-grade  Amitsoq  project  in  southern  Greenland  have  resulted  in  the  dilution  of  Alba’s  stake  in 
GreenRoc to 38.17 % as at the reporting date and to 37.49% at today’s date. Nonetheless, we remain by 
some distance GreenRoc’s largest shareholder and remain heavily involved in the strategic direction and 
development of the company.   

In  fact,  we  did  participate  in  GreenRoc’s  fundraising  during  the  year,  contributing  £115,000  in  the 
company’s  August  2023  share  placing.  We  have  always made  it  clear that we would  look  to  support 
GreenRoc's  fundraising  efforts  as  and  when  it  is  feasible  to  do  that.  Since  its  IPO,  GreenRoc  has 
consistently  delivered  excellent  results  and  made  great  strides  at  what  is  turning  into  a  world-class 
graphite project at Amitsoq.  

Developments during the reporting period 

GreenRoc made significant progress at the Amitsoq Project during the year. The highlights have included: 

- 

- 

- 

In January 2023, a three times increase was declared in the Mineral Resource Estimate (“MRE”) for 
the Amitsoq Island Graphite Project, which now totals 23.05 Mt at a grade of 20.41% C(g) for 4.71 Mt 
contained graphite. 

In February 2023, the European Raw Materials Alliance declared its official support for the Amitsoq 
Project, calling it a deposit of “global importance”. 

In March 2023, GreenRoc was named “Greenland’s Prospector and Developer of the Year” at PDAC 
Toronto. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

- 

- 

In  September  2023,  GreenRoc  commenced  a  Feasibility  Study  on  establishing  an  active  anode 
material (AAM) processing plant in Northern Europe, partly funded by a £250k grant from the UK’s 
Automotive Transformation Fund (ATF). 

In October 2023, GreenRoc published an independent Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) for 
Amitsoq, which validated the Project's potential to become a globally significant producer of graphite 
concentrate. The PEA’s highlights included: 

-  An after-tax NPV8 of US$179M, an IRR of 26.7% and 22-year a life of mine (‘’LOM’’); 
-   Total gross revenue of US$2.1Bn over the LOM, with average net revenue of US$89.8M per year; 

and 

-   A 4-year payback period on capital from the start of production. 

Post year end highlights included the following: 

- 

- 

January 2024: GreenRoc published successful electrochemical battery test results on AAM produced 
from Amitsoq graphite. 

February 2024: GreenRoc announced that the exploitation licence process for Amitsoq is expected to 
accelerate  after  recent  changes  in  Greenland  mining  laws,  resulting  in  the  Amitsoq  exploitation 
licence application being expected to be filed in H1 2024 with a possible grant of licence by the end 
of 2024. 

-  March 2024: GreenRoc participated in the Minerals Security Partnership (MSP) roundtable at PDAC 

Toronto, hosted by the South Korean Government. 

-  May 2024: GreenRoc announced the compelling results of a Preliminary Feasibility Study (“PFS”) in 
respect of the establishment  of a downstream processing plant  to produce  active  anode  material 
from  graphite  concentrate  produced  from  GreenRoc’s  planned  graphite  mine  at  Amitsoq,  South 
Greenland. The after-tax NPV8 for the anode plant operation was calculated at US$545M with an IRR 
of 25.3%, total gross revenue of US$6.5Bn over a 22-year operating period, total gross profit totalling 
US$2.7Bn and a 4-year payback period on capital from the start of production.  

These PFS results firmly place GreenRoc as one of the few realistic contenders to supply the European 
electric vehicle battery industry with domestically produced active anode material, and reinforce the 
company’s  plans  for  a  vertically  integrated  production  model  for  Amitsoq,  from  mine  to  battery 
anode material production. 

With all of this progress delivered and more to come, at Alba we believe that Amitsoq is well set to continue its 
upward trajectory towards development and production. 

1.3  

OTHER PROJECTS AND INVESTMENTS  

During the period, we surrendered the licence for our Limerick Base Metals Project.  The targets we had identified 
for  exploration  drilling  at  Limerick  could  not  be  progressed  as  planned  due  to  landowner  access  issues,  and 
alternative drill collar locations proved not to be  financially viable. As such, we were obliged to surrender the 
licence. 

In March 2023, the majority licence holder of the Horse Hill Oil Field in Surrey, England, UKOG Plc, announced the 
terms of a proposed farmout arrangement to a third-party group which would fund a seismic survey at Horse Hill. 
The farmout  is subject  to approval by the  shareholders of the  operator of the field, Horse Hill Developments 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Limited (“HHDL”), including Alba. UKOG announced in December 2023 the extension of those terms to 30 June 
2024. As at the date of this report, the shareholders have not approved the farmout.   

After the reporting date, HHDL made a partial repayment of shareholder loans, Alba receiving £102,000.  

In April 2024, we announced that we had acquired an option to purchase a 50% interest in the Andover West 
Lithium  Project,  a  highly  prospective  lithium  exploration  project  in  the  West  Pilbara,  Western  Australia 
(encompassing  the  lithium  rights  in  mineral  exploration  licence  E47-3373  and  exploration  licence  application 
ELA47-4844). Favourable geology within the Project area is indicative of its lithium potential. A significant amount 
of lithium exploration activity has taken place in neighbouring tenements in recent years, including the discovery 
at the Andover Project immediately to the east of numerous thick, high-grade lithium intersections (e.g. 209.4m 
@ 1.42% Li₂O).  Western Australia already hosts four of the world's biggest lithium mines, with combined reserves 
exceeding 500 Mt.  

At the time of writing, we are in the process of carrying out confirmatory due diligence during our 30-day option 
period. If we elect to exercise the option for a 50% interest in the Andover West Project, we will pay GBP 250,000 
in Alba shares at a premium of 25% above the VWAP of Alba ordinary shares in the 15 trading days prior to the 
exercise of the option plus 1 for 1 attaching 12 month share warrants at an exercise price of 0.2p per share. 

2. 

CORPORATE 

2.1 

Funding 

In July 2023, Alba announced a share placing, raising £750,000 before costs. A broker option was included as part 
of the placing, allowing shareholders and others to apply through their brokers for an allocation in the placing, 
and later in July it was announced that an additional £15,150 had been raised via the broker option.  

After the reporting period, in March 2024, Alba announced a share placing, raising £380,000 in gross proceeds.  

2.2 

Investments 

In March 2023, following the dilution of its shareholding in  GreenRoc due to a share placing by the latter, the 
Group ceased to consolidate the GreenRoc companies and instead accounted for its holding in GreenRoc as an 
“Investment in Associate”.  

Under applicable accounting standards, the dilution and resulting change in GreenRoc’s status from subsidiary to 
associate is a deemed disposal of GreenRoc by Alba which results in an accounting loss on the parent company 
balance sheet, as the investment value is remeasured at the date of disposal. At Group level, a profit on deemed 
disposal arises as previously eliminated fair value uplift from the initial IPO transaction is now partially recognised. 
This accounting gain does not have any tax implications for the Group.  

In  August  2023  Alba  participated  in  a  GreenRoc  placing,  subscribing  for  3,026,316  Placing  Shares  for  a  total 
subscription of £115,000.   

Alba’s current holding in GreenRoc is 37.49% of the issued share capital of that company. 

2.3 

Other 

Shortly  after  the  reporting  date,  Alba  announced  new  grants  of  options  and  warrants  to  management  and 
directors at the same time as cancelling a number of warrants and options with similar terms and exercise prices. 
This exercise was undertaken to reflect changes in role, align incentives and ensure the options qualify for tax-
approved status where possible. 

During the reporting period, the Company announced a change in broker from OvalX to CMC Capital Markets. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

For a detailed financial review, see the Strategic Report which follows this statement. 

3. 

OUTLOOK 

The outlook for our Welsh gold projects is strong, not least as we now find ourselves within touching distance of 
possible first gold production from the bulk sampling of both the Waste Tip and the Llechfraith Target.   

With that in mind, in the next period we intend to further our partnership, marketing and offtake discussions in 
relation to future gold produced at Clogau and at the same time to continue our development work to establish 
a fully traceable "mine-to-market" supply chain.  This will underpin our ability to command a premium price for 
our gold production. 

The coming six months also promises to be very productive at GreenRoc. The publication of the much-anticipated 
PFS for the establishment of an anode processing plant using Amitsoq graphite as the feedstock promises to add 
significant  value  to  a  world-class  project  which  already  benefits  from  a  strong  economic  assessment  of  the 
upstream operations. 

At the same time as developing our existing assets and supporting our investee companies, we remain focused 
on securing one or more additional complementary assets for Alba which will help drive serious value and growth 
for shareholders into the future.  Our first foray into a new project was announced in April 2024, with the option 
we have taken over the Andover West Lithium Project in Western Australia. As we are already heavily invested in 
the battery materials sector with our major stake in the Amitsoq Graphite Project, we see exposure to lithium, 
one  of the other critical raw  materials in an Electric Vehicle battery, as highly complementary to our existing 
portfolio. 

Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank the Board and our management & technical team for their 
continued hard work and dedication over the course of the year and to thank our shareholders for their ongoing 
support.  I look forward to all of us at Alba continuing our work in the year ahead to deliver on our overriding 
objective of generating significant value for our shareholders. 

George Frangeskides 
Executive Chairman  
7 May 2024 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

The Directors present the strategic report for Alba Mineral Resources plc for the year ended 30 November 2023.   

References to the “Company” or “Alba” are to Alba Mineral Resources plc and references to the “Group” are to Alba 
collectively with its Subsidiary Companies (as listed in Note 13).   

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 
The Group’s principal activity is exploration for and development of natural resources. 

BUSINESS REVIEW 
The Company operates principally as a holding company and specifically provides support to the Subsidiary Companies, 
which own and operate mining projects in Wales (gold), as well as having investments in Greenland (graphite and 
ilmenite) and in the onshore UK oil and gas sector. 

The  Directors  believe  that  the  Group’s  asset  and  investment  portfolio  provides  access  to  a  range  of  assets  with 
potential to add significant value for the Company’s shareholders in the long-term.  Our strategy, where possible, is to 
target  assets  that  have  a  history  of  production  or  advanced  exploration  and  are  in  stable  jurisdictions,  and  which 
thereby offer real potential to be brought into commercial production.   At the same time, we will also continue to 
pursue earlier stage opportunities which fit within our overall portfolio or strategic outlook, whether from a geographic 
or  a  commodity  perspective.    The  Andover  West  Lithium  Project  is  one  such  opportunity,  as  it  presents  us  with 
exposure to another of the critical raw materials which is essential to the energy transition and would, therefore, sit 
alongside our long-standing investment in the Amitsoq Graphite Project.  

A review of activities across the portfolio is given in the Chairman’s Statement on pages 2-7.  

The key challenge for the Company is identifying the most effective, including the most cost-effective, methods for 
progressing  mineral  exploration  activities  at  our  projects,  with  the  aim  being  to  materially  advance  the  level  of 
knowledge and confidence in the potential of our projects and thereby justify the committing of further resources to 
progress those projects rapidly through exploration and into the development phase.    

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIs) 
At this stage in the Company’s development, the Directors regularly monitor key performance indicators associated 
with funding risk, being primarily projected cash flows associated with general administrative expenses and projected 
cash flows on a project-by-project basis. This year the Company has been able to raise the funds as needed to finance 
its activities. 

Performance  of  projects  is  assessed  using  measures  specific  to  that  project.  As  an  exploration  group  with  no 
production or proven reserves, evaluation is based on exploration results and technical reports and assessments. In 
the review of activities, we have identified for each project the exploration results or assessments that demonstrate 
the progress that is being made on that project.  These assessments also inform our plans for future work and assist 
in determining how much of our funding we allocate to each project. 

During  the  period  under  review,  the  Company  successfully  secured  the  necessary  permissions  and  undertook 
development to access key underground mine targets within the Clogau-St David’s Gold Mine, meeting a milestone 
set out in the Strategic Report and applying to the financial year ending 30 November 2023.  

For the current year, the Board has identified the following milestones to be material indicators of value having been 
added to the Company: 

•  Producing gold from bulk sampling of the Clogau Waste Tip or from underground at the Llechfraith Target; 
•  Submitting a planning application for the exploitation of the Clogau Waste Tip and/or for the development of 

the Llechfraith Target to allow for larger-scale commercial production to commence there; and 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

• 

Identifying and securing an interest in a mining project which is complementary to the Company’s existing 
portfolio. 

Two of the current milestones above are carried forward from 2022. Regarding planning applications, the development 
of our work underground at Clogau has been impacted by permitting delays and other factors outside the Company’s 
control and this has inevitably had a knock-on effect on timelines for seeking planning permission to reopen the mine 
for commercial production.  The work we are embarking on to bulk sample the Llechfraith Target will tell us if there 
are  economic  grades  of  gold  for  exploitation  within  that  section of  the  mine.  This  is  work that must  therefore  be 
completed before any decision to proceed with a planning application can be made. As regards the Waste Tip, the 
Company  decided  that  it  would  be  prudent  to  carry  out  a  further  large-scale  bulk  sampling  exercise,  this  time  by 
trenching, before proceeding with a planning application to exploit the tip as a whole.  

Regarding new projects, during the reporting period the Company reviewed a number of projects in detail, focusing 
on those showing significant potential for near-term production or which were otherwise complementary to Alba’s 
existing portfolio.  On 24 April 2024, the Company announced the acquisition of an option over the Andover West 
Lithium Project in Western Australia. 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 
Principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group are:  

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

Funding risk – the risk that the Group will not be able to raise sufficient funds to continue as a going concern 
or to progress exploration and development activities. 
The  Group  has  an  ongoing  requirement  to  fund  its  activities  through  equity  capital  markets.  There  is  no 
certainty that funds will be available when needed. The Company prepares ongoing cash flow forecasts and 
closely monitors spend. As reported in Note 1b) to these Accounts, there is a material uncertainty that the 
Group can obtain sufficient funding to continue as a going concern as it does not have cash to cover 12 months 
of planned spend. Given its strong track record in raising funds as needed, the Directors have prepared these 
accounts on the going concern basis but must highlight this to users of the Report and Accounts.  

Exploration risk – the risk that exploration programmes are not successful. 
Every  project  has  exploration  risk  attached,  being  the  risk  that  the  project  is  not  successful  in  finding, 
developing and/or extracting sufficient quantities of minerals to be commercially viable.  
Specific risks are identified, evaluated and addressed on a project-by-project basis and can include  finding 
insufficient reserves of minerals, complexity of extraction and meeting commitments or obligations under a 
licence.  The  Company  addresses  these  risks  in  all  phases  of  project  planning,  for  example  with  legal  and 
geological due diligence prior to acquisition and by employing permanent geological staff as well as engaging 
external consultants in relevant areas at different phases in a project’s development. 

Legal & regulatory risk – the risk that the group will not be able to obtain the permits and consents required 
to progress exploration and development activities. 
The Company addresses this risk by employing experts to advise on and assist with any necessary permitting 
and  consents.  It  engages  fully  with  regulatory  bodies  and  aims  to  work  with  them  to  achieve  a  positive 
outcome as demonstrated by the recent water permitting success.   

Climate-related risks – the risk that changes to the climate impact directly on specific projects or that climate-
risk related legislation affects a project directly or indirectly.  
As shown by the heavy rains in July 2023 at the Clogau project, changes to weather patterns can directly impact 
projects and the Company will factor such climate-related risks into future planning for projects in Wales and 
elsewhere.   
The Company strives to reduce its environmental and carbon footprint and its activities in Wales are powered 
by locally generated hydroelectric energy wherever possible to minimise emissions. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

(v) 

Global events – such as geopolitical uncertainty and public health incidents.  
Both funding risk and exploration risk can be materially increased by the impact of international geopolitical, 
financial and public health developments, whether due to the resulting logistical challenges, because of the 
unavailability of exploration personnel, equipment or materials or because of any negative effect on capital 
markets and the availability of funding. The Company mitigates such risks this by focusing its activities in stable 
jurisdictions  and  working  with  local  suppliers  and  operators.  In  a  public  health  emergency,  the  Company 
closely follows all recommendations and guidelines from the relevant authorities.  

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

The Group made a loss of £196,000 after tax (2022: loss of £2,605,000), including an accounting gain in relation to the 
de-consolidation of GreenRoc of £1,475,000 and a share of loss of GreenRoc as an associate of £661,000 (although 
unaudited at today’s date, management is satisfied that this value is not expected to change). 

Operating  losses  were  £683,000  compared  with  £2,607,000  in  the  comparative  period.  The  reduction  in  costs  is 
principally due to ceasing to consolidate GreenRoc Mining plc from 9 March 2023, where a full year of results from 
GreenRoc was included in the prior year. The underlying operating losses of Alba and its remaining subsidiaries are at 
a similar level year-on-year. 

During the period, £508,000 was spent on exploration activities across the Group. Cash at the period end was £97,000. 
As noted above, Alba raised funding of £750,000 via a placing during the reporting period and £380,000 since the 
reporting date.   

Intangible assets decreased by £4.9m from the prior year as at the year end. GreenRoc’s intangible assets were not 
included in the balance. Instead, the Group’s investment in GreenRoc is shown in a new line, “Investment in Associate”, 
of £3.5m, representing the Group’s investment in GreenRoc at a remeasured value at the date of deconsolidation, less 
any further dilution and a proportionate share of losses since deconsolidation. 

Section 172(1) Statement 
The Directors believe they have acted in the way most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit 
of its members as a whole, as required by s172 of the Companies Act 2006.  

Addressing individually the requirements of s172, Directors are to:  

-  Consider the likely consequences of any decision in the long term,  

Alba’s stated activities are exploration and development. The nature of such activities requires a long-term perspective 
as it may take several years’ work on a project to bring it to the point of crystallising value. In the evaluation of projects, 
both those in the portfolio and those identified as prospects for the Company, the Company always considers the long-
term potential of the project.  

-  Act fairly between the members of the Company,  

The Company does not differentiate between members in terms of access to information – all information is shared 
via the regulatory news service as required by AIM and any other communications are via public channels such as 
X/Twitter, YouTube and LinkedIn. 

In respect of acting fairly between members, the Directors note that equity financings are typically managed by the 
Company’s appointed corporate brokers who are responsible for book-building on each private placement undertaken 
for the Company.  As a junior resource company, it is prohibitively expensive to undertake rights issues whereby all 
existing shareholders are given the opportunity to participate in an equity financing, which is why the Company expects 
to undertake future equity financings by way of private placements.   

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

In July 2023, alongside a private placing the Company offered existing shareholders and other investors who did not 
have the opportunity to participate in the Placing to do so by putting in place a broker option allowing subscriptions 
up to a certain value on the same terms and conditions as the Placing, with priority given to existing shareholders of 
the Company (a "Broker Option"). The Company intends to offer this option again in the future, subject to agreement 
with its brokers. 

-  Maintain a reputation for high standards of business conduct,  

The Directors are committed to high standards of business conduct and promotes these via policies and procedures 
such as its anti-bribery and whistle-blowing policy, and a share dealing policy for dealings in shares by Directors and 
senior employees and requiring adherence to the same by key suppliers. 

-  Consider the interests of the Company’s employees,  

As a small Company, Alba does not have a large workforce other than the Board and management personnel and a 
geological  team  under  the  leadership  of  its  COO.  All  employees  have  direct  access  to  senior  management.  The 
Company demonstrates consideration of the interests of the team by enforcing safe working practices on sites, giving 
employees a range of opportunities for career development and offering competitive remuneration and flexibility in 
working arrangements. 

Foster the Company’s relationships with suppliers, customers and others, and 

- 
-  Consider the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment.  

The Company endeavours to use suppliers and services local to the projects where possible. It maintains a manned 
office in Wales near the licence areas and engages with the local community via open days, school visits, dual language 
communications and visits to local landowners. The Company has also sponsored signage at a local football club in 
North Wales, donates to a local charity offering riding for the disabled and supports community events. The local MP 
and local Member of the Senedd have visited the projects.  

The Company also works with other stakeholders such as regulatory and environmental bodies and The Crown Estate. 
Mining in the United Kingdom is highly regulated. The Company liaises closely with local and national regulatory and 
environmental  bodies  and  professional  advisers  to  ensure  that  the  Group’s  activities  are  properly  permitted  and 
approved. Our  operations in  Wales  are  undertaken  in  accordance  with  all  applicable  planning,  environmental  and 
ecological regulations, and we work closely with the North Wales Minerals and Waste Planning Service (“NWMWPS”), 
Snowdonia National Park Authority (“SNPA”) and Natural Resources Wales (“NRW”) on those matters.  

Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board 

George Frangeskides  
Executive Chairman, 7 May 2024 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements of Alba Mineral Resources plc for the year 
ended 30 November 2023. Alba Mineral Resources plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in 
England & Wales, whose shares are publicly traded on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange plc. The 
registered office address is 6th Floor 60 Gracechurch Street, London, United Kingdom, EC3V 0HR. 

References to the “Company” or “Alba” are to Alba Mineral Resources plc and references to the “Group” are to 
Alba collectively with its Subsidiary Companies (as listed in Note 13).   

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS 
The profit of the Group for the year, after taxation, attributable to equity holders of the parent amounted to 
£116,000 (2022: £2,039,000 loss). The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2022: £nil). 

DIRECTORS 
George Frangeskides, Michael Nott and Elizabeth Henson served as Directors throughout the year. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS 
The beneficial interests of the Directors who held office at 30 November 2023 in the share capital of the Company, 
and those of their connected parties, were as follows: 

G Frangeskides 
M Nott 

No. of Ordinary shares 2022 and 2023 
48,115,199 
52,387,230 

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS 
The Company has identified the following interests of 3% or more in its issued share capital at 28 April 2024: 

HARGREAVES LANSDOWN (NOMINEES) LIMITED 
HARGREAVES LANSDOWN (NOMINEES) LIMITED 
INTERACTIVE INVESTOR SERVICES NOMINEES LIMITED 
BARCLAYS DIRECT INVESTING NOMINEES LIMITED 
HSDL NOMINEES LIMITED 
INTERACTIVE INVESTOR SERVICES NOMINEES LIMITED 
HARGREAVES LANSDOWN (NOMINEES) LIMITED 
HSDL NOMINEES LIMITED 
VIDACOS NOMINEES LIMITED 
PERSHING NOMINEES LIMITED 

No. of Ordinary shares  Percentage holding 
12.16% 
6.89% 
6.78% 
6.74% 
6.73% 
5.92% 
5.73% 
5.16% 
3.73% 
3.38% 

 1,011,536,269  
 573,319,097  
 563,739,427  
 560,424,076  
 559,807,589  
 492,115,705  
 476,725,608  
 429,021,960  
 310,684,010  
 281,481,143  

DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO THE AUDITOR 
In the case of each person who was a Director at the time this report was approved: 
• 

so far as that Director was aware, there was no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor 
was unaware; and 
that Director had taken all steps that the Director ought to have taken as a director to make himself or 
herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor was aware of 
that information. 

• 

This information is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of section 418 of Companies 
Act 2006. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

AUDITORS 
The auditors, PKF Littlejohn LLP, have indicted their willingness to continue in office, and a resolution that they 
be re-appointed will be proposed at the annual general meeting. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISKS 
The  disclosure  relating  to  financial  instruments  and  risks  have  been  included  in  the  Notes  to  the  financial 
statements (Note 22). 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
The Board follows the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code. For further details see page 15. 

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 
See Note 25 and the Chairman’s Statement from page 2. 

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 
See Chairman’s Statement “Outlook” on page 7. 

Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board 

George Frangeskides 
Director, 7 May 2024 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILTIES 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Strategic  Report,  the  Directors’  Report  and  the  financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial period. Under that law the 
Directors have elected to prepare the Group and parent company financial statements in accordance with UK-
adopted international accounting standards. Under Company law the Directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and 
Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.  

In preparing those financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
• 

state whether applicable UK-adopted international accounting standards have been followed subject to 
any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and  

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 

the Company/Group will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group 
and Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. 
They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the  Company and of the  Group and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.  

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information 
included  on  the  Company’s  website.  Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.  

The Company is compliant with AIM Rule 26 regarding the Company’s website. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

The  Board  of  Alba  Mineral  Resources  plc  (“Alba”  or  the  “Company”  and,  together  with  its  subsidiaries,  the  “Group”)  is 
responsible for the direction and oversight of all of the Company’s activities.  The Board seeks, through effective and efficient 
decision-making,  to  ensure  that  the  Company  is  managed  for  the  long-term  benefit  of  all  shareholders.  Ensuring  good 
standards of corporate governance is an important part of the Board’s role, with the twin objectives being to reduce risk and 
at the same time to add value to our business. The Chairman of the Board is responsible for ensuring the Board functions 
effectively, particularly with regards to Corporate Governance matters. 

The Board adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance corporate Governance Code (the “Code”) in line with the changes to the 
AIM  Rules  for  Companies  (“AIM  Rules”)  requiring  all  AIM-quoted  companies  to  adopt  and  comply  with  a  recognised 
corporate  governance  code.  The  Code  is  available  at www.theqca.com.   The  Code  sets  out  10  principles  that  should  be 
applied.  How Alba complies with those principles currently is set out below.  As required by the Code, we will provide annual 
updates on our compliance with the Code. 

At this stage in the Company’s development, the Board does not fully comply with the principle of the Code which concerns 
the composition of the Board (see Principle 5).  As projects and investments are advanced and as resources allow, the Board 
will actively seek to move towards full compliance with the Code. 

Principle 1: Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders 
Alba owns and operates mining projects in Wales (gold) as well as having investments in GreenRoc Mining Plc, a Greenland-
focused exploration company listed on AIM (LON: GROC), and in the onshore UK oil and gas sector. 

The Board believes that the Group’s strong asset and investment portfolio provides access to a range of assets with potential 
to add significant value for the Company’s shareholders in the long-term. Our strategy, where possible, is to target assets 
that have a history of production or advanced exploration in stable jurisdictions, and which thereby offer real potential to be 
brought into commercial production. At the same time, the Group will also continue to pursue earlier stage opportunities 
which fit within its overall portfolio or strategic outlook, whether from a geographic or a commodity perspective. 

The  key  challenge  for  the  Company  is  identifying  the  most  effective,  including  the  most  cost-effective,  methods  for 
progressing  mineral  exploration  activities  at  our  projects.  Our  aim  is  to  materially  advance  the  level  of  knowledge  and 
confidence in the potential of our projects in order to support committing further resources to progress those projects rapidly 
through exploration and into the development phase.  The expertise of the current Board and management team, and the 
breadth of their contacts within the natural resources sector, will assist the Company in meeting this challenge. 

Principle 2: Seek to understand and meet shareholders’ needs and expectations 
The Board appreciates that it is accountable to shareholders for the performance and activities of the Company and, to this 
end, is committed to providing effective communication with Alba shareholders.  We publish all regulatory news promptly 
through  the  London  Stock  Exchange’s  Regulatory  News  Service  (“RNS”)  and  on  our website.    Shareholders  and  other 
interested parties can subscribe to automatic RNS updates via our website. 

The Group is also active on social media via X/Twitter @AlbaMinerals, and the Executive Chairman regularly participates in 
interviews on investment channels including Q&A sessions. The Group also hold occasional investor webinars.  

Shareholders can contact the Company via info@albamineralresources.com or directly via a contact form on our website . 
The Board welcomes feedback from shareholders as this helps Alba to better communicate our activities and, where possible, 
to deal with any misconceptions in the investment market.  We are constrained, however, when responding to shareholder 
enquiries, by the requirements of the AIM Rules, and in particular the need to avoid making selective disclosure of material 
information. 

The Board  maintains regular  contact with the Company’s advisers, notably our Nominated Adviser (or “Nomad”),  SPARK 
Advisory Partners, and our retained broker,  CMC Markets, which also assists the Company in understanding the views of 
shareholders and the wider investment market. 

Principle 3: Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success 
The Board acknowledges that the long-term success of the Company is reliant on the efforts of employees and contractors, 
suppliers and other stakeholders. As a natural resources company, we feel that we have a responsibility to engage openly, 
transparently and effectively with community stakeholders and local and national government agencies in the countries in 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

which we conduct operations.  The Board is keen to maintain an open dialogue and co-operation with key stakeholders as 
the Company seeks to advance its projects and investments.  
For further information on our efforts in these areas see the Directors section 172(1) statement on page 10. 

Principle 4: Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation 
The Board identifies, assesses and manages various risks in its decision-making and constantly evaluates the Company’s risk 
tolerance as part of its strategy as an exploration company.  These range from financial and legal risks, to environmental, 
exploration, regulatory and management risks and more recently risks related to climate change. The Board will also seek 
consultation with experts in any area where a particular risk is identified. 

The financial risks to the Company are addressed in this document in Notes 1 and 22 to the accounts. This covers funding 
risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk, all areas which are monitored closely by the Board with a  particular focus on 
funding risk.   

Environmental and exploration risks are considered at  a project level and are constantly under review as project work is 
planned  and  undertaken.   Some  elements  of  regulatory  risk  are  also  project-specific  and  would  be  included  within  that 
review. 
Regulatory risk at a corporate level is addressed annually during production of the Company’s Report and Accounts and also 
at other times such as when notices are received from relevant regulatory bodies. This point is addressed further in Principle 
10. 

Management risks are mitigated by attracting talent and providing stability and continuity through appropriate remuneration 
and  the  awarding  of  long-term  share  options,  plus  a  culture  of  openness  within  the  team,  so  that  all  members  of  the 
management team feel comfortable in raising any issues with the Board and Chairman. 

The Directors acknowledge their responsibility for the Group’s systems of internal controls and for reviewing their adequacy 
and effectiveness. These internal controls are designed to safeguard the assets of the Group and ensure the reliability of 
financial information for both internal and external use and publication. 

Principle 5: Maintaining the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 
The Board comprises the Executive Chairman and two Non-Executive Directors, Elizabeth Henson (independent) and Mike 
Nott, who is not considered to be independent.  

The Board is aware that it is not currently compliant with the Code in respect of not having two independent Non-Executive 
Directors,  and  in  having  an  Executive  Chairman  fulfilling  the  role  of  Chief  Executive.    The  Directors  believe  that  this  is 
appropriate at this stage of the Company’s development  but  both aspects are kept  under regular review  with a  view to 
moving to full compliance once the Company has achieved a significant, sustained increase in its market capitalisation.  

The Board has a wide range of experience directly related to the Group and its activities and its structure ensures that no 
one individual dominates the decision-making process.  The Board also regularly seeks third-party expert advice to support 
its decisions. 

The Board meets on an ad-hoc basis as decisions are required, with update Board meetings also held periodically. During the 
year, eight scheduled Board meetings were held and all three Directors attended. Various additional matters were approved 
by written resolutions. 

Each of the Directors has entered into a Service Contract or Letter of Appointment with the Company.  Under the terms of 
these  agreements,  each  Director  has  agreed  to  devote  such  time  and  attention  as  is  necessary  to  carry  out  his  or  her 
responsibilities and duties as a director. 

Principle 6: Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 
The Board currently consists of three Directors and, in addition, the Company employs Ben Harber of Shakespeare Martineau 
LLP to act as Company Secretary. The Directors have a range of technical, commercial and professional skills and the majority 
have experience in the public markets.  The Board also engages technical advisers whose specialism is in either mining or oil 
and gas and who are thereby able to assist the Board in making effective decisions in relation to the Company’s projects and 
investments. The Group employs a COO and CFO. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

Further information about the Directors’ experience, skills, capabilities and personal qualities is published on our website 
and on page 19 below. The Directors attend industry forums and conferences in addition to maintaining strong links within 
the  minerals  and  investment  communities  through  regular  networking.  The  Company  subscribes  to  mineral  and  mining 
publications  for  internal  use  and  Directors  are  encouraged  to  maintain  individual  continuing  professional  education 
programmes in their respective disciplines. 

In addition to its COO, CFO and technical advisers (about whom further details can be found on the “Board and Management” 
page of the Company’s website and in the latest corporate presentation, also found on the Company’s website), the Company 
retains the services of auditors in the UK, a Nomad, broker and solicitors (for details see page 1).  

Principle 7: Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 
Internal evaluation of the Board and individual Directors is undertaken on an ad-hoc basis in the form of peer appraisal and 
discussions. A further evaluation, in the form of a questionnaire-type assessment tool is undertaken annually. 

Given  the  current  size  of  the  Company,  Board  and  senior  management  appointments  are  infrequent  and  subject  to  the 
individual being the right “fit” for the Company.  The Board seeks prospective candidates via its network of contacts in the 
industry in the first instance and then via professional search agencies if required. 

Principle 8: Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 
The Board recognises that it has a responsibility to set the corporate culture of the Company as a whole, and that sound and 
ethical behaviour will contribute to the success of Alba’s projects and reputation.  The Company operates internationally and 
as such is mindful of local cultures and practices when planning and carrying out activities. The Board also has in place an 
approved anti-bribery and whistle-blowing policy.  Given the size of the Company, Alba’s management remains close to the 
day-to-day operations and therefore better able to oversee the activities of the Company’s representatives. As the Company 
grows, the Board will oversee the development of guidance on the Company’s policies to be issued to new employees and 
contractors. 

The Company has in place a share dealing policy for dealings in shares by Directors and senior employees in line with the 
framework set by the AIM Rules and the UK Market Abuse regime (“MAR”) and also requires adherence to the same by key 
suppliers. In addition to abiding by the AIM Rules, as Alba operates in the natural resources sector, the AIM Note for Mining 
and Oil and Gas companies is applicable. 

Principle 9: Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by the 
Board 
Ultimate authority for all aspects of the Company’s activities rests with the Board.  While the roles of Chairman and Chief 
Executive  are  not  separated,  the  Board  receives  regular  updates  on  activities  both  formally  and  informally  and  has 
unrestricted access to management and to the technical advisers of the Company.  Each Board member also has access to 
the Company’s solicitors and any independent professional advice they might need to discharge their duties effectively. 

The  Executive  Chairman  is  the  leading  representative  of  the  Company,  presenting  the  Company’s  strategy  to  external 
interested parties. His responsibilities also include taking the Chair at Board Meetings and at General Meetings, where he is 
responsible  for  ensuring  the  appropriate  supply  of  information.   The  Executive  Chairman  is  also  responsible  for  the 
development  and  execution  of  the  Company’s  long-term  strategy,  overseeing  matters  pertaining  to  the  running  of  the 
Company and ensuring that the Company meets all legal requirements and corporate responsibilities.  The Non-Executive 
Directors do not have specific individual responsibilities or remits. 

All Directors sit on the Remuneration Committee, although a director whose performance, remuneration and employment 
terms are due to be discussed at such a meeting shall absent himself  or herself from the discussion and not vote on any 
proposed  terms  which  relate  to  him  or  her.   The  Remuneration  Committee  reviews  the  performance  of  the  Executive 
Director(s) and makes recommendations to the Board on matters relating to their remuneration and terms of employment. 
The Remuneration Committee also considers and approves the granting of share options pursuant to the Company’s share 
option plan and the award of shares in lieu of bonuses pursuant to the Company’s remuneration policy. 

The Audit Committee comprises Mike Nott, Elizabeth Henson and the Group’s CFO Sarah Potter, a chartered accountant. 
The Executive Chairman attends the Audit Committee by invitation. The Committee meets a minimum of twice per year and 
has met twice in the reporting period in order to consider matters within its remit. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

The principal duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee include: 
– Overseeing the Company’s financial reporting disclosure process; this includes the choice of appropriate accounting 
policies. 
– Monitoring the Company’s internal financial controls and assess their adequacy. 
– Reviewing key estimates, judgements and assumptions applied by management in preparing published financial 
statements. 
– Annually assessing the auditor’s independence and objectivity. 
– Making recommendations in relation to the appointment, re-appointment and removal of the company’s external 
auditor. 

Given the size of the Board, there is no separate Nominations Committee and therefore recommendations for appointments 
to the Board are considered by the Board as a whole. 

Principle 10: Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders 
and other relevant stakeholders 
For details of the various channels Alba uses for communicating with shareholders, see Principle 2 above. 

The  results  of  voting  on  resolutions  proposed at  the  Company’s  AGM  are  reported  via  RNS  and  recorded  in  the  “News” 
section on the Company’s website. 
In the past five years, there has been no significant level of votes cast against any resolutions put to shareholders at the 
Company’s AGM (where “significant” would mean at least 20 per cent of the votes cast being against a particular resolution). 

Historical annual reports and half-yearly results can be accessed via the Company’s website under “Reports and Accounts”. 
Final results and interim results are also released via RNS and therefore also reported in the “News” section of the website.  

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

George Frangeskides, Executive Chairman 
Mr Frangeskides has a broad range of experience gained from over 25 years in the legal and corporate advisory 
sectors in Australia and the United Kingdom.  Prior to working in the mining sector, Mr Frangeskides practised as 
a lawyer in London and Sydney focusing on corporate finance, commercial and capital market transactions.  

With  his  experience  in  mergers  and  acquisitions,  Mr  Frangeskides  leads  all  corporate  negotiations  for  the 
Company. He has an extensive network of contacts across the mineral exploration and investment sectors in the 
UK, Asia-Pacific, North America, Middle  East  and Far East regions, giving the Company wide exposure to both 
investors and potential investments.  

A confident communicator, Mr Frangeskides regularly makes presentations about the Company and projects to 
the media and to shareholders.  

Michael Nott, Non-Executive Director 
Mr Nott is a geologist and mining engineer by profession and has over 40 years’ experience in the oil and gas, 
mining, minerals and quarrying industries. His early career was based in Zambia, including eight years with Roan 
Consolidated Mines Limited. He was a regional manager for Pioneer Aggregates (UK) Limited, then an Australian 
company, and later a director of Jay Minerals Services Limited and Hills Aggregates Limited, becoming trading 
director of ARC (Southern) Limited and production director of C. White Limited. 

Mr Nott draws on his extensive experience of both the mining industry and the corporate world to offer pragmatic 
advice to the Company.  

Elizabeth Henson, Independent Non-Executive Director  
Ms Henson was previously a senior international tax partner for PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), based in 
London.  She was the Founder and Leader of PwC UK’s International Wealth business and is considered a leader 
in  her  field  and  has  an  established  and  substantial  contact  base  consisting  of  some  of  the  wealthiest 
entrepreneurs and high net worth individuals from the UK and across the globe.   

Ms Henson was the 2018 Spears Private Client Accountant of the Year and won the Citywealth Powerwomen 
Awards Silver award for Woman of the Year – Leadership (Large, Institutional) in 2016, 2018 and 2019, among 
other awards. She has a huge amount of professional experience across a wide range of sectors and countries 
and her advice and input will benefit the Group as it looks to grow. Her financial background adds to the strength 
and depth of the Board. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Opinion   

We have audited the financial statements of Alba Mineral Resources Plc (the ‘group’) for the year ended 30 November 
2023 which comprise the Consolidated Income Statement, the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the 
Consolidated and Parent Company Statements of Financial Position, the Consolidated and Parent Company Statements 
of  Changes  in  Equity,  the  Consolidated  and  Parent  Company  Cash  Flow  Statements  and  notes  to  the  financial 
statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their 
preparation is applicable law and UK-adopted international accounting standards and as regards the parent company 
financial statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.  

In our opinion, the financial statements:  

• 

• 

• 

give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s affairs as at 30 November 2023 and of its loss for the year 
then ended;  
the  group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK-adopted  International 
Accounting standards; 
the  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK-adopted 
international accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 
2006; and 

•  have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial  statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are  independent  of  the  company  in  accordance  with  the  ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard 
as  applied  to  listed  entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these 
requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion.  

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to note 1b in the financial statements, which indicates conditions that may cast significant doubt 
on the ability of the Group and Parent Company to continue as a going concern. The Group has incurred a net loss of 
£0.2m during the year ended 30 November 2023 and has a cash balance of £97k as at 30 November 2023. As stated in 
note 1b these events or conditions, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the 
Group  and  Parent  Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  The  Group  is  reliant  on  a  future  successful 
fundraises by the Parent Company to fund its recurring outgoings and projected exploration expenditure for the twelve 
months from the date that the financial statements are approved. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.  

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director’s use of the going concern basis of accounting 
in  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  is  appropriate.  Our  evaluation  of  the  directors’  assessment  of  the 
company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included: 

•  Confirming the mathematical accuracy of the projections.    
•  Considering the committed cash flows within the projections consistency against contractual arrangements 

and historic information and compared general overheads to current run rates.  

•  Critically assessing management’s assumptions of raising the required funds to support the operations of the 
Group  and  Parent  Company  through  discussion  and  also  reviewing  post  year  end  board  minutes  and  RNS 
releases.  

•  Obtaining  supporting  documentation  to  evidence  the  cash  inflows  post  year  end  from  the  November  and 

March 2024 fundraise. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

• 

Stress testing the forecasted cash flows by stripping out sources of income that are not at the current time 
guaranteed.  We  have  discussed  with  the  directors  the  strategies  that  they  are  pursuing  to  secure  further 
funding if and when required.  

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report.  

Our application of materiality  

We  apply  the  concept  of  materiality  both  in  planning  and  performing  our  audit,  and  in  evaluating  the  effect  of 
misstatement. At the planning stage, materiality is used to determine the financial statement areas that are included 
within the scope of our audit. Materiality applied to the group financial statements was £349,000 (2022: £365,000) 
with performance  materiality  set  at  £244,300 (2022:  £225,500).  The  benchmark for  determining  materiality of  the 
group was 3% of net assets (2022: 3% of net assets), given that the most significant balances for the Group relate to 
the exploration and evaluation assets, investments, cash and cash equivalents. 

A  benchmark  of  70%  (2022:70%)  for  performance  materiality  for  our  audit  of  the  group  and  parent  company  was 
applied as we believe that this would provide sufficient coverage of significant and residual risks. 

We agreed with the audit committee that we would report to them all audit differences identified during the course 
of our audit in excess of £17,400 (2022: £18,250) for the group. We also agreed to report any other audit misstatements 
below that threshold that we believe warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Materiality applied to the parent company’s financial statements was £342,000 (2022: £328,500) with performance 
materiality of £239,400 (2022: £229,950). The benchmark for determining materiality of the parent company was 3% 
of net assets (2022: 3% of net assets), given that the most significant balances relate to investment in subsidiaries and 
associate, investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited and cash and cash equivalents. The parent company is the 
funding vehicle for the exploration work carried out by the subsidiaries. 

For the parent company, we agreed with the audit committee that we would report all individual audit differences 
identified  during  the  course  of  our  audit  in  excess  of  £17,100  (2022:  £16,425)  together  with  any  other  audit 
misstatements below that threshold that we believe warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Component materiality ranged from £96,000 to £342,000 (2022: £60,000 to £328,500), based on their individual net 
assets. 

Our approach to the audit 

In  designing  our  audit  approach, we  determined  materiality  and assessed  the  risk of  material misstatement  in  the 
financial statements. In particular, we assessed the areas requiring the directors to make subjective judgements, for 
example in respect of significant accounting estimates and judgements including the carrying value of evaluation and 
exploration assets, intra-group balances and investments in subsidiaries, the deemed disposal of GreenRoc Mining Plc 
as a subsidiary and subsequent recognition as an associate, and the consideration of future events that are inherently 
uncertain. We also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including evaluating whether there 
was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 

An audit was performed on the financial information of the group’s material operating components which, for the year 
ended 30 November 2023, were located in the United Kingdom, Wales and Greenland. 

GMOW (Operations)  Limited and  Alba Mineral  Resources  plc have  been assessed as  significant  components  of  the 
group  and  therefore  we  designed  procedures  focused  on  exploration  cost  capitalisation  and  valuation  of  the 
exploration  assets  in  accordance  with  IFRS  6  Exploration  for  and  Evaluation  of  Mineral  Resources.  This  work  was 
significant in addressing our key audit matter in respect of capitalised exploration costs and valuation of explorations 
assets in which the group’s exploration costs are recorded.  We also performed audit work for the purposes of the 
Group audit on the financial information of GreenRoc Mining Plc. 

Work on all significant components of the group has been performed by us as group auditor. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, 
the  allocation  of  resources  in  the  audit;  and  directing  the  efforts  of  the  engagement  team.  These  matters  were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and 
we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  In addition to the matter described in the Material uncertainty 
related to going concern section we have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be 
communicated in our report. 

Key Audit Matter 

How our scope addressed this matter 

Carrying value capitalised exploration costs – group 

As  at  30  November  2022,  the  group  held  £3,520k  
(2022:  £8,450k)  of 
intangible  assets,  comprising 
capitalised exploration costs. This is a material amount 
in its Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. 

There is a risk that these assets have been incorrectly 
capitalised in accordance with IFRS 6 - Exploration for 
and  Evaluation  of  Mineral  Resources  (“IFRS  6”),  and 
that  there  are  indications  of  impairment  as  at  30 
November  2023  which  have  not  been  identified  by 
Management.  Management's 
of 
impairment  under 
significant 
IFRS  6 
estimation  and  judgement  particularly  in  relation  to 
early-stage exploration projects. 

assessment 

requires 

There  is  a  risk  that  the  carrying  value  of  these 
intangible assets could be overstated (refer to notes 2 
and 10). 

Our work in this area included:  

•  Confirmation that the Group has good title to 

the applicable licences held;  

•  Considering whether there are indicators of 

impairment as disclosed under IFRS 6 (e.g. the 
entity not having the right to explore the 
specific area, substantive expenditures on 
further exploration activities have not been 
made, and exploration activities have not led 
to the discovery of commercially viable 
quantities of mineral resources);  

•  Evaluating future plans for the license areas as 
detailed by management and assessing these 
against Group budgets, board minutes and 
RNS releases;  

•  Evaluating management’s impairment 

• 

assessment and considering key factors in light 
of other available information, including 
management’s impairment indicators 
assessment;  
Substantive testing to assess whether costs 
capitalised in the year have met the 
capitalisation requirements of IFRS 6; and  
•  Reviewing the disclosures in the financial 
statements, including those relating to 
estimates and judgements used, and evaluate 
their completeness in the accounting period.  

Disposal of subsidiary undertaking and carrying value 
of the investment in the associate  (note 11) 

GreenRoc Mining Plc was a subsidiary of the Company 
during  the  year  ended  30  November  2022  with  a 
53.96%  shareholding.  Throughout  the  year  ended  30 
November  2023,  GreenRoc  Mining  Plc  undertook 
several equity placings, diluting Alba’s shareholding to 
38.17%.  Management  consider  this  the  date  control 
has been lost. The holding as at year end was 38.17%.  

Our work in this area included:  

•  A review of the accounting entries in relation 
to the derecognition of the subsidiary and 
subsequent recognition of an associate, 
involving subsidiary accounting up to date of 
disposal, and share of equity in associate 
thereafter;  

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

GreenRoc  Mining  Plc  is  consolidated  as  part  of  the 
Group’s results up until 1 March 2023, at which point 
the net assets are derecognised and replaced with an 
equity investment at fair value, with a resulting profit 
loss  on  disposal.  The  carrying  value  of  the 
or 
investment  in  GreenRoc  Mining  Plc  at  30  November 
2023 was £3,447k. 

Management must  apply their  judgement  in  relation 
to  an  assessment  of  significant  influence  over  the 
associate in accordance with  the  principles  of IAS  28 
and, following derecognition of the subsidiary, there is 
judgment  involved  in  assessing  the  recoverability  of 
the  year  end  equity  accounted  balance  since  the 
ultimate recoverability of the investment is likely to be 
linked to the recoverability of underlying assets within 
GreenRoc Mining Plc.  

There  is  also  a  risk  that  the  activity  recorded  in  the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income for 
the disposal of the subsidiary upon the loss of control 
could be incorrect.  

Carrying value of investments in subsidiaries and intra-
group receivables -  parent company  

The  parent  company  holds  material  investments  of 
£1,455k  (2022:  £6,955k)  in  its  Statement  of  Financial 
Position related to its subsidiary undertakings. There 
are  also  material  intragroup  balances  of  £1,990k 
(2022:  £1,550k)  as  the  parent  company  funds 
operations in the subsidiaries. 

Given the losses in the subsidiaries, there is a risk that 
the  investments  in  subsidiaries  (where  capitalised 
exploration costs are the main asset) may not be fully 
recoverable and therefore overstated (refer to notes 2 
and 13). To a significant degree the carrying value of 
the investments in subsidiaries is intrinsically linked to 
the  value  of  the  capitalised  exploration  assets  held 
within them.  

•  Reviewing management’s calculation of the 
gain or loss on disposal as at disposal date, 
ensuring derecognition of net assets at the 
date of disposal and agreeing to share issue 
movements of GreenRoc Mining Plc so as to 
ensure dilution has been appropriately 
accounted for;  

•  Auditing the underlying records of GreenRoc 

Mining Plc for the purposes of inclusion within 
the consolidation; 

•  Obtaining and  considering management’s 

assessment of the loss of control in 
accordance with IAS 28 as at date of loss of 
majority shareholding against other available 
corroborative information;  

•  Consideration of recoverability of the 

investment in associate by reference to 
underlying net asset values, including the 
recoverability potential of the underlying 
exploration projects; and  

•  Reviewing the presentation and disclosure in 
the financial statements to ensure this is 
applied in accordance with UK adopted IAS.  

As is common for many junior entities within the 
natural resources sector we note that the ultimate 
recoverability of the carrying value is likely to be linked 
to the associate’s ability to continue to raise further 
funds in the future to continue development of its 
assets. 

Our work in this area included:  

•  Confirming ownership documents for 

investments in subsidiaries held by the parent 
company. 

•  Reviewing and assessing management’s 

impairment assessment of the valuation of 
investment per IAS 36 Impairment of assets, 
with reference to the carrying values of the 
underlying intangible assets in accordance 
with IFRS 6.  

•  Reviewing and considering management’s 
assessment of the intragroup balance 
receivables in respect of the requirements set 
out in IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. 

•  Evaluating the presentation and disclosures 

given in the financial statements. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

Other information 

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements 
and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual 
report.  Our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  does  not  cover  the  other  information  and,  except  to  the  extent 
otherwise  explicitly  stated  in  our  report,  we  do  not  express  any  form  of  assurance  conclusion  thereon.  Our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears 
to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are 
required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, 
based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, 
we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006  

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:  

• 

• 

the  information  given  in  the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  for  the  financial  year  for  which  the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  
the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  applicable  legal 
requirements.  

Matters on which we are required to report by exception  

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the 
audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report.  

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us 
to report to you if, in our opinion:  

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 
from branches not visited by us; or  
• 
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or  
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or  
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors  

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation 
of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as 
the  directors  determine  is necessary  to enable  the  preparation of  financial  statements that  are  free  from  material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company’s ability to continue as 
a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic 
alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
24 

 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ALBA MINERAL RESOURCES PLC 

are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line 
with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. 
The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the group and parent company and the sector in which they operate to 
identify  laws  and  regulations  that  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  have  a  direct  effect  on  the  financial 
statements. We obtained our understanding in this regard through discussions with management, industry 
research, application of our cumulative audit knowledge and experience of the sector. 

•  We determined the principal laws and regulations relevant to the group and parent company in this regard to 
be  those  arising  from  Companies  Act  2006,  AIM  rules,  mining  regulation  in  the  relevant  jurisdictions, 
Employment Law, Anti-Bribery and Money Laundering Regulations and QCA Corporate Governance Code. 
•  We designed our audit procedures to ensure the audit team considered whether there were any indications 
of  non-compliance  by  the  group  and  parent  company  with  those  laws  and  regulations.  These  procedures 
included, but were not limited to: 

o  Enquiries of management regarding potential non-compliance; 
o  Review of legal and professional fees to understand the nature of the costs and the existence of any 

non-compliance with laws and regulations; and 

o  Review of minutes of meetings of those charged with governance and RNS announcements. 
•  We also identified the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements due to fraud. We considered, 
in addition to the non-rebuttable presumption of a risk of fraud arising from management override of controls, 
that  the  potential  for  management  bias  was  identified  in  relation  to  the  carrying  value  of  the  capitalised 
exploration costs and investments as described in the Key Audit Matters section above. 

•  As  in  all  of  our  audits,  we  addressed  the  risk  of  fraud  arising  from  management  override  of  controls  by 
performing  audit  procedures  which  included,  but  were  not  limited  to:  the  testing  of  journals;  reviewing 
accounting estimates for evidence of bias; and evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions 
that are unusual or outside the normal course of business. 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those 
leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation.  This risk increases 
the  more  that  compliance  with  a  law  or  regulation  is  removed  from  the  events  and  transactions  reflected  in  the 
financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater 
regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, 
collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the  Financial 
Reporting Council’s website at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s 
report.  

Use of our report 

This  report  is  made  solely  to  the  company’s  members,  as  a  body,  in  accordance  with  Chapter  3  of  Part  16  of  the 
Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those 
matters  we  are  required  to  state  to  them  in  an  auditor’s  report  and  for  no  other  purpose.    To  the  fullest  extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone, other than the company and the company's 
members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Alistair Roberts (Senior Statutory Auditor)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
7 May 2024

25 

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Other income 
Administrative expenses 
Impairment expense 
Operating loss 
Gain on deemed disposal of subsidiary 
Loss on dilution of investment in associate 
Share of loss of associate 
Revaluation of financial liability 
Finance costs 
Profit/(loss) for the year before tax 
Taxation 

Proft/(loss) for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Earnings per ordinary share  

Basic and diluted (pence) 

Note 

5 

3 
3 
11 

7 

2023 
£’000 

55 
(738) 
- 
(683) 
1,475 
(325) 
(661) 
- 
(2) 
(196) 
- 

(196) 

(116) 
(80) 
(196) 

2022 
£’000 

- 

(1,623) 
(984) 
(2,607) 
- 

- 
- 
2 
- 

(2,605) 
- 

(2,605) 

(2,039) 

(566) 
(2,605) 

8 

(0.002) 

(0.031)  

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Profit/(loss) after tax 
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or 
loss:  
- 

Foreign exchange movements  

Total comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

2023 
£’000 
(196) 

2022 
£’000 
(2,605) 

(1) 
(197) 

- 
(2,605) 

(117) 
(80) 
(197) 

(2,039) 
(566) 
(2,605) 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Note 

Non-current assets 

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible fixed assets 

Investment in associate – GreenRoc Mining plc 

Investments – Horse Hill Developments Limited 

Total non-current assets 

Current assets 

Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Total current liabilities 

Net current (liabilities)/assets 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves 

Share capital 

Share premium 
Warrant reserve 

Dilution of ownership reserve 

Other reserves 

Retained losses 

Foreign currency reserve 

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 

Non-controlling interests 

Total equity 

9 
10 

11 

12 

14 
15 

16 

18 

19 

2023 
£’000 

168 

3,520 

3,447 
2,600 

9,735 

88 

97 

185 

2022 
£’000 

150 
8,450 

- 

2,600 

11,200 

129 
456 

585 

(220) 

(220) 

(464) 

(464) 

(35) 

121 

9,700 

11,321 

5,137 

11,119 

782 
- 

- 

(7,506) 

168 

9,700 

- 
9,700 

5,076 
10,461 

1,187 

991 
136 

(8,929) 

168 
9,090 

2,231 
11,321 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 7 May 2024. 

Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors 
George Frangeskides, Director, Company No. 05285814 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Note 

Non-current assets 
Investments in subsidiaries 
Loans to subsidiaries 
Investment in associate 
Investments – Horse Hill Developments Limited 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Total current liabilities 

Net current assets  

Net assets 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Warrant reserve 
Retained losses 
Equity shareholders’ funds 

13 
13 
11 
12 

14 
15 

16 

18 

2023 
£’000 

1,455 
1,990 
3,447 
2,600 
9,492 

65 
84 
149 

2022 
£’000 

6,955 
1,550 
- 
2,600 
11,105 

111 
322 
433 

(177) 
(177) 

(165) 
(165) 

(28) 

268 

9,464 

11,373 

5,137 
11,119 
782 
(7,574) 
9,464 

5,076 
10,461 
1,187 
(5,351) 
11,373 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and 
has  not  included  its  own  income  statement  and  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  these  Financial 
Statements. The Company’s loss for the year was £2,639,000 (2022: a loss of £1,341,000).  

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 7 May 2024. 

Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors 

George Frangeskides, Director 
Company No. 0528581

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

At 30 November 2021 

Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Subsidiary equity settled share-based 
payments 
Total transactions with owners 

Share 
capital 
£’000 
5,005 

Share 
premium 
£’000 
9,877 

- 
- 
- 

71 
- 
- 

- 

71 

- 
- 
- 

584 
- 
- 

- 

584 

Warrant 
Dilution of  
reserve  ownership reserve 
£’000 
991 

1,425 

£’000 

- 
- 
- 

176 
87 
(501) 

- 

(238) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

Other  
reserves 
£’000 
89 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

47 

47 

Retained  Foreign currency  Attributable to  Non-controlling 
interests 
reserve  equity holders 
£’000 
£’000 
2,732 
10,134 

losses 
£’000 
(7,421) 

£’000 
168 

(2,039) 
- 
(2,039) 

- 
- 
501 

30 

531 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

(2,039) 
- 
(2,039) 

831 
87 
- 

77 

995 

(566) 
- 
(566) 

- 
- 
- 

65 

65 

Total 

£’000 
12,866 

(2,605) 
- 
(2,605) 

831 
87 
- 

142 

1,060 

At 30 November 2022 

5,076 

10,461 

1,187 

991 

136 

(8,929) 

168 

9,090 

2,231 

11,321 

Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued (net of costs) 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Subsidiary equity settled share-based 
payments 
Dilution of ownership 
Elimination of non-controlling interest on 
disposal 
Total transactions with owners 

- 
- 
- 

61 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

658 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
11 
(416) 

- 

- 

- 

61 

658 

(405) 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(991) 

(991) 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

5 

(8) 

(133) 

(136) 

(116) 
(1) 
(117) 

- 

416 

- 

- 

1,124 

1,540 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(116) 
(1) 
(117) 

719 
11 
- 

5 

(8) 

- 

727 

(80) 
- 
(80) 

- 

- 

5 

330 

(2,486) 

(2,151) 

(196) 
(1) 
(197) 

719 
11 
- 

10 

322 

(2,486) 

(1,424) 

At 30 November 2023 

5,137 

11,119 

782 

- 

- 

(7,506) 

168 

9,700 

- 

9,700 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

30 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Warrant 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained  Attributable to equity 
holders of parent 
£’000 

losses 
£’000 

At 30 November 2021 

5,005 

9,877 

1,425 

(4,511) 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Total transactions with owners 

- 
- 

71 
- 
- 
71 

- 
- 

584 
- 
- 
584 

- 
- 

176 
87 
(501) 
(238) 

(1,341) 
(1,341) 

- 
- 
501 
501 

At 30 November 2022 

5,076 

10,461 

1,187 

(5,351) 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income for the year 

Shares and warrants issued (net of costs) 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Transfer on exercise or expiry of warrants 
Total transactions with owners 

- 
- 

61 
- 
- 
61 

- 
- 

658 
- 
- 
658 

- 
- 

- 
11 
(416) 
(405) 

(2,639) 
(2,639) 

- 
- 
416 
416 

11,796 

(1,341) 
(1,341) 

831 
87 
- 
918 

11,373 

(2,639) 
(2,639) 

719 
11 
- 
730 

At 30 November 2023 

5,137 

11,119 

782 

(7,574) 

9,464 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Note 

2023 

£’000 

2022 

£’000 

(683) 

(2,607) 

12 

- 

21 

(105) 

108 

(647) 

(508) 

(30) 

(115) 

(98) 

(751) 

764 

(45) 

322 

(2) 

1,039 

(359) 

456 

97 

7 

984 

228 

- 

(208) 

49 

(1,547) 

(2,417) 

(20) 

- 

- 

(2,437) 

522 

(30) 

- 

- 

492 

(3,492) 

3,948 

456 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 

Depreciation 

Impairment 

Share based payment charges 

Foreign exchange revaluation adjustment 

(Decrease)/increase in creditors 

Decrease/(increase) in debtors 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Payments for exploration expenditure 

Payments for tangible fixed assets 

Investment in associate 

Deemed disposal by dilution – net cash impact 

Net cash used in investing activities 

9 

16 

14 

10 

9 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from the issue of shares and exercise of warrants  

Costs of issue 

Proceeds from the issue of shares and warrants – GreenRoc 

Finance expense 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

15 

Significant non-cash transactions in the period not reflected above are: 

- 
- 
- 

share of loss of associate of £661,000; 
loss on dilution of investment in associate £325,000; and  
gain on deemed disposal of subsidiary of £1,475,000.  

See Note 3 for details. 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

COMPANY CASH FLOW STATEMENT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 NOVEMBER 2023 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 

Impairment expense 

Share based payment charge  
Movement in the expected credit loss provision for loans to 
subsidiaries 
Foreign exchange revaluation adjustment 

(Decrease)/increase in creditors 

Decrease/(increase) in debtors 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Loans granted to subsidiaries 

Investment in associate 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Note 

16 

14 

13 

11 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from the issue of shares and exercise of warrants  

Costs of issue 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

15 

Significant non-cash transactions in the period not reflected above are: 

- 

share of loss of associate of £661,000.See Note 11 for details. 

2023 

£’000 

(471) 

- 

11 

- 

12 

46 

2022 

£’000 

(1,341) 

785 

87 

15 

- 

(2) 

(7) 

(402) 

(463) 

(440) 

(115) 

(555) 

764 

(45) 

719 

(238) 

322 

84 

(370) 

- 

(370) 

522 

(30) 

492 

(341) 

663 

322 

The Accounting Policies and Notes on pages 34 to 57 form part of these financial statements. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION 

Alba Mineral Resources plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in England & Wales, whose shares are 
publicly traded on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange plc. The registered office address is 6th Floor 60 Gracechurch 
Street, London, United Kingdom, EC3V 0HR. The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial 
statements are set out below. These policies have been applied consistently to all the years presented. 

a.  Basis of preparation  

The consolidated financial statements  of Alba  Mineral Resources plc (the Company) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the 
Group) have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards (“IFRSs”) as they apply to the 
Group for the year ended 30 November 2023 and with the Companies Act 2006. Numbers have been rounded to £’000. 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, save for the revaluation of certain 
financial assets and liabilities at fair value. 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting  estimates.    It  also  requires 
management  to exercise its judgement  in the process of applying the group’s accounting policies.  The areas involving a 
higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated 
financial statements, are disclosed in Note 2. 

New or amended Standards and  interpretations that became effective during the year ended 30 November 2023 had no 
impact on the Group accounts. 

New standards, amendments, and interpretations not yet effective 
Certain new accounting standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for 30 November 2023 
reporting periods and have not been early adopted by the Group and Company. These standards include:  

•  Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements  (effective 1 Jan 2024) – Classification of Liabilities as 

Current or Noncurrent 

•  Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases (effective 1 Jan 2024) – Lease liability in a sale and leaseback 
•  Amendments to IAS 7 and IFRS 7 – Supplier finance (effective 1 Jan 2024) 
•  Amendments to IAS 21 – Lack of Exchangeability 

The Directors do not anticipate that the adoption of these  standards or amendments will have a  material impact on the 
financial statements of the Company and the Group in the period of initial application or in future reporting periods. Other 
amendments, standards and interpretations are in issue, both endorsed and not yet endorsed, but they are not relevant to 
the Group and Company and as such they are not commented on. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

b.  Going concern 

Based on financial projections prepared by the Directors, the Group’s current cash resources are insufficient to enable the 
Group to meet its recurring outgoings and projected exploration expenditure for the entirety of the next twelve months. The 
Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts to 12 months from the date of signing of these accounts which take into account 
planned exploration spend, costs and external funding. The need for external funding is a material uncertainty that may cast 
doubt on the Group’s and Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  At this stage as an explorer the Group does not 
have a steady income stream and is reliant on external funding sources such as capital raisings or asset transactions to fund 
activities. The nature of these is ad-hoc and as such the Group and Company do not carry a cash balance sufficient for 12 
months of expenditure.  However, the Board has a reasonable expectation that the Group and Company will continue to be 
able to meet their commitments for the foreseeable future by raising funds when required from the equity capital markets 
and based on the following: 

• 
• 

• 

The Group has a strong track record in sourcing external funding. 
Forecasts contain a  level of discretionary spend such that in the  event  that cash flow becomes constrained 
action can be taken to enable the Group to operate within available funding. The Group demonstrated this 
during the Covid-19 pandemic when sourcing capital was uncertain. 
The Group and Company may also consider future joint venture funding arrangements in order to share the 
costs of the development of its exploration assets, or to consider divesting of certain of its assets and realising 
cash proceeds in that way in order to support the balance of its exploration and investment portfolio.   

For  these  reasons  the  Directors  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  in  preparing  the  financial 
statements. 

c.  Basis of consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and companies controlled by the 
Company, the Subsidiary Companies, drawn up to 30 November each year. 

Control is recognised where the Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an investee entity 
so as to obtain benefits from its activities. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred 
to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of 
during the year are included in the consolidated income statement from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective 
date of disposal, where appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to 
bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by the Group. All intra-group transactions, balances, income and 
expenses are eliminated on consolidation.  

Non-controlling  interests  in  the  net  assets  of  consolidated  subsidiaries  are  identified  separately  from  the  Group’s  equity 
therein.  

Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries without change of control 
Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions  – 
that is, as transactions with the owners in their capacity as owners. The difference between fair value of any consideration 
paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses 
on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity within the dilution of ownership reserve. 

Non-controlling interests consist of the amounts of those interests at the date of the original business combination and the 
minority’s share of changes in equity since the date of the combination. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

d.  Foreign currency  

For  the  purposes  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  results  and  financial  position  of  each  Group  entity  are 
expressed in pounds sterling, which is the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements. 
In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional 
currency  (foreign  currencies)  are  recorded  at  the  rates  of  exchange  prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  At  each 
reporting date, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the reporting 
date. Exchange differences arising are included in profit or loss for the period. 

For the purposes of preparing consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s foreign operations 
are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date. Income and expense items are translated at the average 
exchange rates for the period. Gains and losses from exchange differences so arising are shown through the Consolidated 
Statement of Changes in Equity. 

e.  Share based payments  

Share-based compensation benefits are made on an ad-hoc basis on the recommendations of the Remuneration Committee 
or via the Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme where the employee meets the qualifying conditions. The fair value of 
warrants or options granted is recognised as an employee benefits expense, with a corresponding increase in  the warrant 
reserve. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted:  
o 
o  excluding  the  impact  of  any  service  and  non-market  performance  vesting  conditions  (e.g.  profitability,  sales  growth 

including any market performance conditions (e.g. the entity’s share price)  

o 

targets and remaining an employee of the entity over a specified time period), and  
including the impact of any non-vesting conditions (e.g.  the requirement  for employees to save or hold shares for a 
specific period of time). 

The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions 
are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to 
vest based on the non-market vesting and service conditions. It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, if 
any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to the warrant reserve. 

f.  Non-current assets 

Intangible assets: Deferred exploration and evaluation costs 
Pre-licence costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Expenditure on licence renewals and new licence 
applications covering an area previously under licence are capitalised in accordance with the policy set out below.  

Once the legal right to explore has been acquired, exploration costs and evaluation costs arising are capitalised on a project-
by-project  basis, pending determination of the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the project. Costs include 
appropriate technical and administrative expenses. If a project is successful, the related expenditures will be reclassified as 
development  and  production  assets  and  amortised  over  the  estimated  life  of  the  commercial  reserves.  Prior  to  this,  no 
amortisation  is  recognised  in  respect  of  such  costs.  When  all  licences  comprising  a  project  are  relinquished,  a  project 
abandoned, or is considered to be of no further commercial value to the Company, the related costs will be written off to 
administrative expense within profit or loss. Deferred exploration costs are carried at historical cost less any impairment 
losses recognised. 
Where the Group has entered into a farm out agreement, the Group does not record any expenditure made by the farmee 
on  its  account.  It  also  does  not  recognise  any  gain  or  loss  on  its  exploration  and  evaluation  farm-out  arrangements  but 
redesignates any costs previously capitalised in relation to the whole interest as relating to the partial interest retained. Any 
cash consideration received directly from the farmee is credited against costs previously capitalised in relation to the whole 
interest with any excess accounted for as a gain on disposal. 
Where  the  Group  enters  into  a  farm  in  agreement,  the  Group  recognises  all  expenditure  which  it  incurs  under  that 
agreement, with the expenditure being either capitalised or expensed in accordance with the policy detailed above.  

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

Property, plant and equipment 
Land is shown at cost and is not depreciated as it is not a wasting asset. The land owned by the Group is an integral part of 
access to one of the Group’s projects and as such its value is reviewed annually as part of the impairment review of that 
project value as a whole.  

Plant and equipment is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Historical cost includes 
expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.  

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis to write off the net cost of each item of property, plant and equipment 
(excluding land) over their expected useful lives as follows:  

o  Plant and vehicles – 10 years  
o  Computer equipment – 3 years  

The residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each reporting date. 
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when there is no future economic benefit to the 
consolidated entity. Gains and losses between the carrying amount and the disposal proceeds are taken to profit or loss. Any 
revaluation surplus reserve relating to the item disposed of is transferred directly to retained profits. 

Investment  in  subsidiaries:  Investment  in  subsidiaries,  comprising  equity  instruments  and  capital  contributions,  are 
recognised initially at cost less any provision for impairment.  Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over 
which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns 
from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries 
are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date 
that control ceases. 

Investment  in  associates:  An  associate  is  an  entity  over  which  the  Group  has  significant  influence  and  that  is  neither  a 
subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating 
policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those policies. The results and assets and liabilities of 
associates  are  incorporated  in  these  financial  statements  using  the  equity  method  of  accounting,  except  when  the 
investment is classified as held for sale, in which case it is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 5.  
Under the equity method, an investment  in an associate is recognised initially in the consolidated statement  of financial 
position at cost from the date on which the investee becomes an associate and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Group’s 
share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate or joint venture. When the Group’s share of 
losses of an associate exceeds the Group’s interest in that associate, the Group discontinues recognising its share of further 
losses. Additional losses are recognised only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations or 
made payments on behalf of the associate. On acquisition of the investment in an associate, any excess of the cost of the 
investment over the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the investee is recognised 
as goodwill, which is included within the carrying amount of the investment.  
Adjustments are made to the carrying amount when changes in the proportionate interest in the associate arise. 
If there is objective evidence that the Group’s net investment in an associate is impaired, the requirements of IAS 36 are 
applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognise any impairment loss with respect to the Group’s investment.  

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

g.  Financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party 
to the contractual provisions of the instrument. The classification is dependent on the business model adopted for managing 
the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows expected to be derived from the assets.  

The Group classifies its financial instruments as follows: 

Financial assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Loans to subsidiaries (Company only) 
Investments 

Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Other borrowings 

Amortised cost 
Amortised cost 
At fair value through profit or loss (FVPL) 

Amortised cost 
Amortised cost 
Amortised cost 

Trade  and  other  receivables:  Trade  and  other  receivables  are  held  for  the  collection  of  contractual  cash  flows  and  are 
classified as being  measured  at amortised cost.  They  are recognised initially  at  fair  value and subsequently measured at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method less provision for impairment. 

Loans to subsidiaries (Company only): Long-term loans to subsidiaries, other than capital contributions,  are held for the 
collection of contractual cash flows and are classified as being measured at amortised cost, net of provision for impairment. 
Impairment is initially based on the expected lifetime credit loss as applied to the portfolio of loans. The loans are interest 
free and have no fixed repayment terms. As such the loans are assessed as being credit impaired on inception and lifetime 
expected credit losses are recognised with the amount of provision being recognised in the profit or loss.  
A loan will be subject to impairment review if there is an indicator of impairment, such as the impairment of the value of the 
deferred exploration intangible asset within the relevant subsidiary. A loan  is fully impaired when the relevant subsidiary 
recognises an impairment  of its deferred exploration expenditure, such that the subsidiary is not expected to be able to 
repay the loan from its existing assets.  

Investments (Company only): Investments in unlisted equity instruments whose fair value cannot be reliably measured are 
recognised initially at investment cost. Any shareholder loans made are included in the investment cost. Where a value can 
be reliably measured the investment is subsequently recognised at fair value through profit and loss. Information about the 
methods and assumptions used in determining fair value is provided in Note 12. 

Trade and other payables: Trade and other payables are not interest bearing and are recognised initially at fair value and 
subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

Borrowings: Initially recognised at fair value net of any transaction costs directly attributable to the issue of the instrument. 
Such interest-bearing liabilities are then subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. 
Interest expense includes initial transaction costs and any premium payable on redemption, as well as any interest or coupon 
payable while the liability is outstanding.  
Liability components of convertible loan notes are measured as described further below.  

Other borrowings: recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost. 

Leases: The Group does not have any leases within the scope of IFRS16. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued) 

h.  Equity 

Share capital represents the nominal value of equity shares, both ordinary and preference. 

Share premium represents the excess over nominal value of the fair value of consideration received for equity shares, net  
of expenses of the share issue. 

Warrant reserve represents proceeds from the issue of extant warrants. 

Dilution of ownership reserve represents the difference between the fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant 
share of the fair value of net assets acquired in a dilutive transaction where control is retained. 
Other reserves represents the proceeds from the issue of warrants by GreenRoc Mining plc attributable to the equity holders 
of the group. 

Foreign currency reserve holds gains/losses arising on retranslating the net assets of the Group into pounds sterling. 

Taxation 

i. 
The charge for taxation is based on the profit or loss for the year and takes into account deferred tax. The tax expense for 
the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the income statement, except to the extent that it relates 
to items recognised directly in equity. In this case the tax is also recognised directly in other comprehensive income or directly 
in equity, respectively. 

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the 
reporting period in the countries where the Company operates and generates taxable income.  Management  periodically 
evaluates  positions  taken  in  tax  returns  with  respect  to  situations  in  which  applicable  tax  regulation  is  subject  to 
interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities. 

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit or loss and is 
accounted for using the liability method.  
Deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available in the 
foreseeable future against which the temporary differences can be utilised.  
Deferred income tax is recognised, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of 
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. However, the deferred tax is not accounted for 
if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that, at the time 
of the transaction, affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates 
(and laws) that have been enacted, or substantially enacted, by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply 
when the related deferred income tax asset is realised, or the deferred income tax liability is settled. 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset  when  there is a  legally enforceable right  to offset  current  tax assets 
against current tax liabilities, and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the 
same taxation authority on either the taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the 
balances on a net basis. 

Segmental information 

j. 
An operating segment is a distinguishable component of the Group which is subject to risks and rewards that are different 
from those of other segments. In the Group’s current portfolio, the geographical location of exploration projects provides 
the basis for grouping into segments. 
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-
maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the 
operating segments, has been identified as the Board of Directors of the Company. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

2.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting practice requires management 
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as well as the disclosure of 
contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  reporting  date  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the 
reporting period. Actual outcomes could differ from those estimates. 

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The areas of judgement that have 
the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements are as follows: 

i) 

JUDGEMENTS 

Capitalisation of exploration and evaluation costs - £3,520,000 
The  capitalisation  of  exploration  costs  relating  to  the  exploration  and  evaluation  phase  requires  management  to  make 
judgements as to the future events and circumstances of a project, especially in relation to whether an economically viable 
extraction  operation  can  be  established.  In  making  such  judgements,  the  Directors  take  comfort  from  the  findings  from 
exploration activities undertaken, the fact the Group intends to continue these activities and that the Company expects to 
be able to raise additional funding to enable it to continue the exploration activities.  

Impairment assessment of exploration and evaluation costs – £3,520,000 
At  each  reporting  date,  management  make  a  judgment  as  to  whether  circumstances  have  changed  following  the  initial 
capitalisation and whether there are indicators of impairment. If there are such indicators, an impairment review will be 
performed which could result  in the relevant  capitalised amount  being  written off to the income statement. For  further 
details see Note 10 “Intangible Assets”. 
This balance includes £3.5m relating to the Clogau Gold Project. Management do not judge the Exploration and Evaluation 
costs associated with that project to be impaired at 30 November 2023. Exploration is underway, and planned and budgeted 
throughout the year, and the Company expects a new option agreement to be granted to it with effect from the expiry of 
the current option in  February 2025.The Group has no data at this point that suggests that the asset value is unlikely to be 
recovered from successful development. 

Accounting for the investment in GreenRoc Mining plc 
During the year the Group’s holding in GreenRoc was diluted to below 50%, with an expectation of further dilution within 
the same accounting period. At the date of this report the shareholding stands at 37.49%.  Management judged that once 
the shareholding dropped below 50%, consolidation was no longer appropriate. Agreements had been put in place at the 
time of the IPO in 2021 to limit the ability of Alba to control GreenRoc, and that in combination with a reduced shareholding 
meant that the relationship was that of significant influence rather than control. The decision was taken to reclassify the 
investment in subsidiary as an investment in associate. In line with IAS 28 “Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures” the 
investment in associate is held at remeasured cost less a share of profit or loss for the period. 

Impairment assessment of the investment in GreenRoc Mining plc - £3,447,000 
At the year end management made a judgement that the value of the investment in GreenRoc Mining plc was not impaired. 
The Group believes that the underlying value of the assets of that company, the Amitsoq graphite project and the Thule 
ilmenite project, supports the value of the investment.  The investment is intended to be long-term until the projects are 
developed and the current pressure on GreenRoc’s share price is a reflection of poor conditions in the sector /market.  At 
the balance sheet date the market value of the Company’s shareholding in GreenRoc was £1,544,000. 

Accounting for investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited  
The Group and Company’s investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited (“HHDL”) is in the form of equity and a shareholder 
loan. However, the Directors judge that the loan is in substance part of the equity investment as governed by the HHDL 
investment agreement. As such the loan element of the investment is accounted for at fair value with movements in fair 
value being taken to profit or loss (FVTPL). 
The Group and Company’s shareholding in HHDL is less than 20%.  A director of the Company is also a director of HHDL but 
does not act in an executive capacity.  At the balance sheet date HHDL had a majority shareholder with a 77.9% shareholding.  
The  Directors  judge  that  the  Company  does  not  have  significant  influence  over  HHDL  and  that  it  should  not  be  equity 
accounted for as an associate. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

2.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (continued) 

Company only – Impairment assessment of investment in and loans to subsidiaries – £1,455,000 and £1,992,000 
In preparing the parent company financial statements, the Directors apply judgement to decide if any, or all of the company’s 
investments  in  (and  where  applicable  loans  to)  Aurum  Mineral  Resources  Limited,  Dragonfire  Mining  Limited  group  and 
GMOW Gwynfynydd Limited are impaired or not.  
These companies have no source of funds other than their shareholders and the ability of the companies to repay their inter-
company debt and for the Company to gain value from its investments in the companies is dependent on the future success 
of the companies’ exploration activities. In undertaking their review, the Directors consider the outcome of their impairment 
assessment of the relevant licences as detailed above.  
The Directors have used the Expected Credit Loss model to make a general provision against intercompany loans receivable 
based on historic credit losses and current data. In applying the expected credit loss model, the directors have judged that 
the loans to the subsidiaries were credit impaired on inception. See Note 13 for further details.  

ii) 

ESTIMATES 

Carrying value of investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited – £2,600,000 
The Company’s investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited is carried at fair value, as, in the judgement of the Directors, 
it has been possible to estimate a reliable fair value for the investment. For further details of the valuation see Note 12.  
The Directors believe that the intrinsic value of the oil field has not been diminished during the year and this is mirrored by 
the majority owner maintaining the asset valuation in their balance sheet from 30 September 2022 to 30 September 2023. 
As the majority owner has access to more information for valuation purposes than the Group, management relies on their 
published information to support the Group’s assumptions. 

Remeasurement of retained investment in GreenRoc Mining plc after deemed disposal – £4,318,000 
Upon loss of control, GreenRoc was de-consolidated from Alba group via a deemed disposal. In accordance with IFRS 10, 
management remeasured the value of its retained investment to be taken as the cost of investment on initial recognition as 
an investment in associate. The value was calculated as the applicable percentage of GreenRoc’s net assets immediately after 
de-consolidation. 

3.  ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSALS 

Deemed disposal of subsidiary 
During the year the Group’s holding in GreenRoc was diluted to below 50%, with an expectation of further dilution within 
the same accounting period. Management judged that once the shareholding dropped below 50%, control had been lost and 
consolidation was no longer appropriate. This was accounted for as a deemed disposal.  
The 44.67% retained interest in GreenRoc was then accounted for as an investment in associate at a remeasured value.  
See the notes on management judgements above. 

In the Company financial statements, the disposal was accounted for as follows: 

Book value of investment disposed of 
Retained interest remeasured and transferred to investment in associate 
Loss on deemed disposal 

£’000 
(5,500) 
4,318 
(1,182) 

In the Group financial statements the fair value uplift arising in GreenRoc on the IPO was eliminated on consolidation as an 
intercompany balance.  That elimination does not take place with an investment in associate. As the remeasured retained 
interest includes a share of fair value uplift, a gain on deemed disposal arises.  

Net assets deemed disposed of (intangible assets, cash and net current assets) 
Non-controlling interest eliminated on disposal 
Investment eliminated on disposal 
Retained interest remeasured and recognised as an investment in associate 
Gain on deemed disposal 

£’000 
(5,031) 
2,486 
(298) 
4,318 
1,475 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

3.  ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSALS (continued) 

Partial disposals of investment in associate by dilution 
During  the  year  placings  by  an  investee  company  led  to  dilutions  of  the  Group’s  holding  in  that  company.  These  were 
accounted for as partial deemed disposals for nil consideration, as they reduced the share of net assets held by the Group 
and therefore losses arose. For more information see Note 11 Investment in Associate. 

4.  ANALYSIS OF SEGMENTAL INFORMATION 

The  Group  currently  only  has  one  primary  reporting  business  segment,  exploration  and  development.  The  Board  of  the 
Company evaluates the business on a sector basis, the two sectors being mining and oil and gas. The group exploration assets 
and investments along with capital expenditures are presented on this basis below: 

Total assets 

Exploration and development 

Oil and gas 

Current assets 

Capital expenditure 

Exploration and plant 

2023 

£’000 

7,135 

2,600 

185 

9,920 

2022 

£’000 

8,600 

2,600 

585 

11,785 

524 

2,436 

The Group’s primary business activities operate in three different geographical areas (and the Group has an investment in a 
fourth area) and the group exploration assets and investments along with capital expenditures are presented on the basis of 
geographical segments below: 

Total assets 

Greenland 

England & Wales* 

* investment in GreenRoc reclassified from Greenland to England & Wales from de-consolidation 

Capital expenditure 

Greenland 

England & Wales 

2023 

£’000 

- 

9,920 

9,920 

2023 

£’000 

94 

430 

524 

2022 

£’000 

5,343 

6,442 

11,785 

2022 

£’000 

2,091 

345 

2,436 

The administrative expenditure in the income statement primarily relates to central costs or exploration costs that cannot 
be capitalised.   

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

5.  EXPENSES BY NATURE AND AUDITOR REMUNERATION 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

Alba and 
subsidiaries 

GreenRoc  
(3 months 
only) 

2023 

Alba and 
subsidiaries 

GreenRoc 

2022 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

45 

- 

45 

- 

- 

45 

- 

45 

39 

3 

42 

35 

9 

44 

74 

12 

86 

PKF Littlejohn LLP 

- Group audit services 

- Taxation advice 

Expenses by nature: 

Staff costs (note 6) 

Professional fees and insurances 

Consultancy not capitalised 

Office, travel, PR, other 

Forex 

Depreciation 

Administrative expenses 

Alba and 
subsidiaries 

£’000 

288 

161 

34 

97 

- 

12 

592 

Other income 

Services provided 

GreenRoc  
(3 months 
only) 
£’000 

2023 

Alba and 
subsidiaries 

GreenRoc 

2022 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

88 

25 

- 

33 

- 

- 

376 

186 

34 

130 

- 

12 

146 

738 

427 

174 

45 

120 

(17) 

7 

756 

534 

217 

9 

107 

- 

- 

961 

391 

54 

227 

(17) 

7 

867 

1,623 

2023 

£’000 

55 

55 

2022 

£’000 

- 

- 

Other income is personnel services billed to GreenRoc Mining plc after it was no longer part of the Group. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

6.  DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS AND STAFF COSTS 

During the period the Group had on average 8.75 (2022: 11.3) employees each month, being the Directors (who are the key 
management personnel) plus finance, geological and local site staff. Where eligible, Directors and other staff accrue benefits 
under a money purchase auto-enrolment scheme held in NEST.  

Costs incurred by: 

2023 

Costs incurred by: 

2022 

Alba Mineral 
Resources plc 

GreenRoc 
Mining plc (3 
months only) 

Total Group 

Alba Mineral 
Resources plc 

GreenRoc 
Mining plc 

Total Group 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Directors’ fees, salaries and 
pension (see table below) 

Directors’ share based payments 

Directors’ social security costs 

Staff costs 

Salaries and wages 

Share based payment charges 

Social security costs 

Defined contribution pension 
scheme 

Fees classified as consultancy 

Costs recharged to projects 

Staff costs reported in 
administrative expenses (Note 5) 

181 

7 

15 

227 

4 

22 

5 

(29) 

(144) 

288 

14 

3 

2 

48 

7 

13 

1 

- 

- 

88 

195 

10 

17 

275 

11 

35 

6 

(29) 

(144) 

376 

185 

56 

16 

221 

31 

25 

5 

(33) 

(79) 

427 

54 

69 

7 

295 

72 

27 

10 

- 

- 

534 

239 

125 

23 

516 

103 

52 

15 

(33) 

(79) 

961 

Average number of employees  

7.25 

6* 

8.75* 

7.3 

6 

11.3 

* Average based on three months only.  
*Two employees of Alba are also employees of GreenRoc. 

Directors’ remuneration: 

2023 

2022 

Fees 

Salaries 

Pension 

FV of 
options 
vesting 

Total 

Fees 

Salaries 

Pension 

FV of 
options 
vesting 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

G.F. 

Fees 
capitalised 

M.C.N 

E.H. 

G.F. 
GreenRoc* 

Total 

36 

(19) 

6 

6 

- 

29 

115 

- 

18 

18 

14 

165 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 

7 

- 

- 

- 

3 

10 

159 

(19) 

24 

24 

188 

17 

205 

36 

(15) 

6 

6 

- 

33 

115 

- 

18 

18 

54 

205 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 

56 

- 

- 

- 

69 

125 

208 

(15) 

24 

24 

241 

123 

364 

GF: George Frangeskides, MCN: Michael Nott, EH: Elizabeth Henson 

Note 24 gives further details of transactions with the Directors. During the year no warrants or options were granted to the 
Directors. Charges in the tables above relate to historic grants vesting. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

7. 

INCOME TAXES 

The UK corporation tax rate has been applied throughout the workings below as substantially all of the losses during the year 
(and historic losses in retained earnings) have been incurred by the parent or other companies resident in the UK for tax 
purposes. Using a weighted average rate would not change the effective tax rate. 

a)  Analysis of charge in the period 

United Kingdom corporation tax at 19% (2022: 19%) 

Deferred taxation 

b) Factors affecting tax charge for the period 

2023 

£’000 

- 

- 

2022 

£’000 

- 

- 

The tax assessed on the loss for the year before tax differs from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK which is 19% 
(2022: 19%). The differences are explained below: 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

2023 

£’000 

(196) 

2022 

£’000 

(2,605) 

Profit/(loss) multiplied by standard rate of tax 

(37) 

(495) 

Effects of: 

Expenses not deductible / losses not allowable 

Deferred tax assets not recognised/capital allowances not claimed 

197 

(160) 

- 

235 

260 

- 

A deferred tax asset has not been recognised in respect of timing differences relating to tax losses and accelerated capital 
allowances,  due  to  uncertainty  that  the  potential  asset  will  be  recovered.  The  aggregated  losses  in  each  of  the  Group 
companies  being  Alba  Mineral  Resources  plc  and  its  subsidiaries  as  listed  in  Note  13  amounted  to  £9,105,000  before 
adjustments required by local tax rules and excluding losses on intra-group transactions (2022: £8,501,000). 

8.  EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The calculation of the basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the consolidated loss attributable to the equity holders of 
the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. The Company by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. The diluted earnings per share is the same as the basic earnings 
per share, as warrants/options are not dilutive due to the loss for the year.  

Proft/(loss) attributable to group shareholders 

2023 

£’000 

(116) 

2022 

£’000 

(2,039) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for calculating basic loss per share 

7,256,844,832 

6,476,717,573 

Profit/(loss) per share (pence) 

(0.002) 

(0.031)  

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

9. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Group 

Cost 

At 1 December 2021 

Additions 

At 30 November 2022 

Additions 

At 30 November 2023 

Accumulated Depreciation 

At 30 November 2021 and at 1 December 2022 

Charge for the year 

At 30 November 2022 

Charge for the year 

At 30 November 2023 

Net Book Value at 30 November 2023 

Net Book Value at 30 November 2022 

Land  Plant, equipment 
and vehicles 
£’000 

£’000 

Total 

£’000 

85 

- 

85 

- 

85 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

85 

85 

57 

20 

77 

30 

107 

(5) 

(7) 

(12) 

(12) 

(24) 

83 

65 

142 

20 

162 

30 

192 

(5) 

(7) 

(12) 

(12) 

(24) 

168 

150 

The land is part of the Clogau gold project. At the year end the land is held at cost. No depreciation is charged as it is not a 
wasting asset. Plant is part of the Clogau gold project.  

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

10. 

INTANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS  

Group  

Cost 

As 1 December 2021 

Additions 

At 30 November 2022 

Additions 

Deemed disposal on de-consolidation 

At 30 November 2023 

Amortisation and impairment 

At 1 December 2021  

Impairment charge 2022 

At 30 November 2022 

Deemed disposal on de-consolidation 

At 30 November 2023 

Net book value  

At 30 November 2023 

At 30 November 2022 

Exploration and evaluation  
£’000 

6,845 

2,539 

9,384 

508 

(5,637) 

4,255 

(735) 

(199) 

(934) 

199 

735 

3,520 

8,450 

The Group’s intangible fixed assets relate to the Welsh gold projects (Clogau, Dolgellau Gold and Gwynfynydd). 

Management do not judge the Exploration and Evaluation costs related to those projects to be impaired at 30 November 
2023. Exploration is planned and budgeted for in 2023 and the Group has no data at this point that suggests that the asset 
value is unlikely to be recovered from successful development. 

During the period Alba’s investment in GreenRoc Mining plc was diluted and reclassified as an investment in associate (see 
Note 11). The deemed disposal above is the removal of GreenRoc’s intangible assets and any related impairments from the 
Group balance sheet. 

At the year end the amount of liabilities (being creditors and accruals) relating to the exploration and evaluation assets was 
£39,000. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

11. INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATE 

Group and Company 

Investment in associate  

Cost 

As 30 November 2021 and 2022 

Deemed acquisition at remeasured value 

Additions 

Dilution of investment – deemed partial disposal 

Share of loss of associate 

At 30 November 2023 

£’000 

- 

4,318 

115 

(325) 

(661) 

3,447 

During the year the shareholding in GreenRoc Mining plc diluted to less than 50 per cent. Review of the investment led to 
reclassification from a subsidiary to an investment in associate. This was accounted for by a deemed disposal and acquisition 
at remeasured cost. For more information on management’s judgement on the matter see Note 2. For details of the deemed 
disposal see Note 3. 

At 30 November 2023 the (unaudited) consolidated results of GreenRoc Mining plc showed a loss for the year of £1,693,000 
with net assets of £9,027,000, comprising non-current assets of £9,741,000 and net current assets of £290,000 offset by a 
deferred tax liability of £1,004,000.  

12. INVESTMENTS 

Group and Company 

At 30 November 2021 

Revaluation of investment 

At 30 November 2022 and 30 November 2023 

Investment in HHDL 

£’000 

3,385 

(785) 

2,600 

The  above  investment  represents  an  investment  in  18.1%  (2022:  18.1%*)  of  the  issued  share  capital  of  Horse  Hill 
Developments Limited (“HHDL”) and associated loans to that company accruing interest at variable rates linked to the Bank 
of England base rate. Those loans and interest are treated as part of the overall investment and as such are classified as fair 
value through the profit and loss. Any interest due is subsumed within the overall investment valuation (see Note 22). 

HHDL is a private company with no stock quote. There have been no share transactions in HHDL stock nor transactions in 
licence interests in the past several years to provide any basis for valuation.  
The  majority  owner  and  operator  of  HHDL,  UK  Oil  &  Gas  plc  (UKOG)  recently  announced  its  results  for  year  ended  30 
September 2023 maintaining its carrying values for the assets relating to the Horse Hill oil field and the HH1 well, based on 
net present value calculated utilizing an internally generated depletion curve that was independently reviewed. Costs were 
based on current costs less any anticipated savings. A long-term average Brent oil price of US$78/bbl was used being the 
Brent curve until 2031 and then kept flat at $75/bbl. A discount rate of 2.79% was based on a Capital Asset Pricing Model 
analysis being the weighted average costs of capital of Horse Hill Developments, the holding company of the producing well 
HH-1. There is inherent uncertainty in any oil field valuation due to the uncertainty of future oil price movements.  
Management  relies on the valuations of the  majority owner of the project  as they have access to fuller information and 
therefore have maintained the current valuation of the investment in HHDL, in line with UKOG. 
This revised valuation is a Level 3 valuation under the IFRS 9 hierarchy, as was the valuation in the prior year, as defined in 
Note 22. 
The registered office of HHDL is: The Broadgate Tower, 8th Floor, 20 Primrose Street, London, EC2A 2EW. 
*In a prior period the Company elected not to contribute its share of a cash call. As a result the Company’s shareholding 
could be diluted but the impact would be minimal, the reduction being less than 0.1% of the total issued share capital of 
HHDL. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

13. 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARY UNDERTAKINGS 

Notes 

Company 

At 30 November 2021 

Additions – purchase of minority and 
royalty 

Additions – expenditure 

Impairment of intercompany loan 

At 30 November 2022 

Additions – expenditure 

Deemed disposal by dilution 

3 

At 30 November 2023 

Investments 

£’000 

5,500 

- 

- 

- 

5,500 

- 

(5,500) 

- 

Capital 
Contributions 
£’000 

Loans 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

1,195 

7,811 

1,116 

339 

- 

- 

- 

370 

(15) 

1,455 

1,550 

- 

- 

440 

- 

1,455 

1,990 

339 

370 

(15) 

8,505 

440 

(5,500) 

3,445 

The Company recognises a provision for expected credit loss against the loans due from subsidiaries. These loans are interest-
free and have no agreed terms. For the purposes of IFRS 9 the loans were assumed to be repayable on demand. However, 
management has agreed that these loans will not be recalled within 12 months from the balance sheet date so they are 
classified as long term. 
The loans are assessed as being credit impaired on inception as the subsidiaries have no income other than the receipt of 
inter-company funding and as the loans are primarily used to fund the subsidiaries deferred exploration expenditure. The 
subsidiaries would only be able to repay the loans if they can either sell their exploration assets or develop them to the point 
at which the assets generate cash flows, both of which would take time to achieve. Therefore, at inception, it is known that 
the loans will not be able to be repaid in accordance with the loan terms (that is, on demand) and therefore they are assessed 
as being credit impaired.  

Historic and current data has been used to derive a probability of default and this has been applied across the portfolio of 
loans. 

At  30  November  2023  the  Company  held  the  following  interests  in  subsidiary  undertakings,  which  are  included  in  the 
consolidated financial statements: 

Name of company 

Country of 
incorporation 

Holding at 30 
November 2023 

Nature of 
holding 

Business 

Holding at 30 
November 
2022 

Aurum Mineral Resources 
Ltd 

Ireland 

100% 

Mauritania Ventures Limited 

England & Wales 

Dissolved Feb ‘23 

Dragonfire Mining Limited 

England & Wales 

Gold Mines of Wales Limited 

Jersey 

GMOW (Holdings) Limited 

England & Wales 

GMOW (Operations) Limited 

England & Wales 

GMOW Gwynfynydd Limited 

England & Wales 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Direct 

Direct 

Direct 

Indirect 

Indirect 

Indirect 

Direct 

100% 

Exploration 

50%  Non-trading 

100% 

Exploration 

100%  Holding Co. 

100%  Holding Co. 

100% 

Exploration 

100% 

Exploration 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

13. 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARY UNDERTAKINGS (continued) 

The address of the registered office of Aurum Mineral Resources Ltd is c/o Hugh Lennon Associates, Unit 8&10 Church View, 
Cavan, Ireland.  

The address of the registered office of Gold Mines of Wales Limited is 3rd Floor, IFC5, Castle Street, St Helier, Jersey JE2 3BY. 

All the other companies have their registered office at 6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch Street, London EC3V 0HR.  

Mauritania  Ventures  Limited  has  been  treated  as  a  subsidiary  undertaking  because  the  Company  exercises  dominant 
influence over the investment by virtue of having the casting vote at Board meetings. The Company was dissolved on 14 
February 2023. 

During the period the holding in  GreenRoc Mining plc was diluted leading to de-consolidation such that it is no longer a 
subsidiary of the Group and has been accounted for as an investment in associate. 

After the reporting date, GreenRoc Mining plc issued further share capital. Alba’s interest in GreenRoc was diluted to 37.49% 
at 1 December 2023. 

14. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Current 
Other debtors 
Prepayments and accrued income 

Group 
2023 
£’000 
68 
20 

Group 
2022 
£’000 
109 
20 

Company 
2023 
£’000 
47 
18 

Company 
2022 
£’000 
92 
19 

88 

129 

65 

111 

The fair value of trade and other receivables approximates to their book value.  

15. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS  

Cash at bank and in hand 

The fair value of cash at bank is the same as its carrying value. 

16. 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES   

Current 
Trade creditors 
Other creditors 
Accruals and deferred income 

Group 
2023 

£’000 

97 

Group 
2022 

£’000 

456 

Company 
2023 

Company 
2022 

£’000 

£’000 

84 

322 

Group 
2023 
£’000 
94 
13 
113 
220 

Group 
2022 
£’000 
222 
15 
227 
464 

Company 
2023 
£’000 
93 
13 
71 
177 

Company 
2022 
£’000 
81 
15 
69 
165 

The fair value of trade and other payables approximates to their book value.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

17. 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

The Company has no financial liabilities. 

Group 

Other borrowings 

Financial Liabilities 
At 30 November 2021 
Released as part of 10% minority purchase 
At 30 November 2022 and at 30 November 2023 

£’000 
7 
(7) 
- 

Derivative financial 
instrument 
£’000 
214 
(214) 
- 

Total 

£’000 
221 
(221) 
- 

The  derivative  financial  instrument  related  to  the  recognition  of  a  liability  in  respect  of  the  put  and  call  option  over  the 
remaining 10% shareholding in the Clogau gold project. 

18. 

CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL 

Issued, allotted and fully paid 

Ordinary shares of 0.01 pence 

Deferred shares of 0.9 pence 

B deferred shares of 0.09 pence 

Total 

2023 

Number 

of shares 

7,733,688,996 

93,070,100 

3,918,351,946 

11,742,111,042 

2023 

£’000 

773 

838 

3,526 

5,137 

2022 

2022 

Number 

of shares 

£’000 

7,121,568,996 

93,070,100 

3,918,351,946 

11,132,991,042 

712 

838 

3,526 

5,076 

The Company’s Articles do not specify authorised share capital. All issued ordinary shares carry equal rights. The deferred 
shares do not carry any rights to vote or dividend rights. In addition, holders of deferred shares will only be entitled to a 
payment on a return of capital or on a winding up of the Company after each of the holders of the ordinary shares have 
received a payment of £1,000,000 on each such share.  

During the year the Company issued ordinary shares as follows: 

At 30 November 2022 
July placing and broker option,  
 net of fees 
At 30 November 2023 

Ordinary shares  
0.01 pence 
7,121,568,996 
612,120,000 

Ordinary shares 
£’000 
712 
61 

Deferred shares 
£’000 
4,364 
- 

Share premium 
£’000 
10,461 
658 

Total 
£’000 
15,537 
719 

7,733,688,996 

773 

4,364 

11,119 

16,256 

At 30 November 2022 
Warrants vesting (counted in brought forward balance) 
Warrants expired/waived 
At 30 November 2023 

Warrants 

879,930,830 
- 
(170,000,000) 
709,930,830 

Warrants reserve 
£’000 
1,187 
11 
(416) 
782 

Of the warrants outstanding at 30 November 2023, all are vested and able to be exercised. The weighted average exercise 
price of these vested warrants is 0.25 pence. No warrants were exercised in the year.  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

18. 

CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL (continued) 

As at 30 November 2023 Alba had 709,930,830 warrants and options outstanding: 

No. of warrants 
60,000,0001 
60,000,0002 
50,000,0003 
200,000,0003 
8,000,0004 
81,930,830 
250,000,000 
709,930,830 

Exercise price (pence) 

0.4 pence 
0.42 pence 
0.16 pence 
0.16 pence  
0.5 pence 
0.4 pence 
0.2 pence 
At 30 November 2023 

Final exercise date 
13 January 2027 
2 May 2028 
31 December 2023 
28 August 2030 
7 December 2023 
31 August 2024 
16 November 2024 

Vested 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Vested.  
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 

As at 30 November 2022 Alba had 879,930,830 warrants and options outstanding: 

No. of warrants 
60,000,0001 
60,000,0002 
50,000,0003 
200,000,0003 

Exercise price (pence) 

0.4 pence 
0.42 pence 
0.16 pence 
0.16 pence  

160,000,000 
10,000,000 
8,000,0004 
81,930,830 
250,000,000 
879,930,830 

0.75 pence 
0.375 pence 
0.5 pence 
0.4 pence 
0.2 pence 
At 30 November 2022 

Final exercise date 
13 January 2027 
2 May 2028 
31 December 2023 
28 August 2030 

23 November 2022 
1 December 2022 
7 December 2023 
31 August 2024 
16 November 2024 

Vested 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Awarded under the EMI scheme. Vested. 
Partially vested.  
Awarded under the EMI scheme.  
Partially vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 
Vested. 

1,2,3,4 These warrants fall within the scope of IFRS 2 “Share-based Payments” and were issued in 2017, 2018, 2020 respectively.  

No warrants were granted in the year. After the reporting date on 11 December 2023, it was announced that a number of 
the extant options/warrants were to be cancelled and new options/warrants issued in their place.  

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

19. 

NON-CONTROLING INTERESTS 

At 30 November 2021 

Share of loss for the year 

Share of movement on other reserves 

At 30 November 2022 

Write back on dissolution 

Share of losses to de-consolidation 

Share of reserve movements to de-consolidation 

Deemed disposal of subsidiary 

At 30 November 2023 

Mauritania 
Ventures Ltd 

GreenRoc 
Mining plc 

Total NCIs 
£’000 

(9) 

- 

- 

(9) 

9 

- 

- 

- 

2,741 

(566) 

65 

2,240 

- 

(80) 

335 

2,732 

(566) 

65 

2,231 

9 

(80) 

335 

(2,495) 

(2,495) 

- 

- 

During  the  year  the  Group  de-consolidated  GreenRoc  in  a  deemed  disposal  due  to  dilution.  Thereafter  the  Group’s 
investment in GreenRoc was recognised as an investment in associate. For further details see Note 3 and Note 11.  
At  prior  year  end  the  Group  recognised  the  non-controlling  interest  in  GreenRoc  at  the  non-controlling  interest’s 
proportionate share of the entity’s net identifiable assets as included in the Group balance sheet. These differed from the 
assets  presented  in  the  standalone  GreenRoc  Mining  plc  Report  and  Accounts  due  to  consolidation  entries,  including 
elimination of fair valuation uplift generated in the IPO in 2021, judged by management to be intragroup profit.  

The Report and Accounts of GreenRoc Mining plc can be found on its website www.greenrocmining.com. 

20. 

LEASES 

The Company has no lease or rental commitments within scope of IFRS 16. Expenditure on short-term leases during the year 
was £25,000 (2022: £19,000).  

21. 

CAPITAL COMMITMENTS 

At year end the Group had no capital commitments. 

21. 

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 

A 1% net smelter royalty agreement remains in place with the previous owner of the Clogau gold project. The Group has no 
obligations under this agreement until such time as gold is produced and sold.  

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

22. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The Group’s financial instruments comprise investments, cash at bank and various items such as debtors, loans and creditors. 
The Group has not entered into derivative transactions nor does it trade financial instruments as a matter of policy.  

Credit risk 
The  Group’s  credit  risk  arises  primarily  from  cash  at  bank,  debtors  and  the  risk  the  counterparty  fails  to  discharge  its 
obligations. As at 30 November 2023, debtors included £25,000 that was past due but not impaired (2022: £25,000). Given 
the low number and value of debtors, management considers recoverability of any overdue amount individually on an annual 
basis. 
The Company’s credit risk primarily arises from intercompany debtors and this is reviewed annually in the course of reviewing 
the Expected Credit Loss provision required under IFRS 9. See Note 13 for more details. 

Funding risk  
Funding risk is the possibility that the Group might not have access to the financing it needs. The Group’s continued future 
operations depend on the ability to raise sufficient working capital through the issue of equity share capital. The Directors 
are confident  that adequate funding will be forthcoming with which  to finance operations.  The Board has a strong track 
record of raising funds as required. Controls over expenditure are carefully managed and activities planned to ensure that 
the Group has sufficient funding. 

Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk arises from the management of cash funds and working capital. The risk is that the Group will fail to meet its 
financial obligations as they fall due. The Group operates within the constraints of available funds and cash flow projections 
are produced and regularly reviewed by management. 
At 30 November 2022 the management  considers that the liquidity risk  is not  material as sufficient  cash is held to meet 
financial liabilities to be settled in cash. 
Future liquidity risk is addressed in Note 1 under the heading “Going Concern”. 

Interest rate risk profile of financial assets 
Excluding the investment in HHDL, the only financial assets (other than short term debtors) are cash at bank and in hand, 
which comprises money at call. The interest earned in the year was nil. The Directors believe the fair value of the financial 
instruments is not materially different to the book value. 
The investment in HHDL includes a loan element. Under an investment agreement those loans attract interest. Loans plus 
interest become payable once HHDL has surplus cash. As the Group / Company treats the loan as held at fair value through 
profit and loss, any interest credit is subsumed within the fair value movement.  

Foreign currency risk 
The Group has an Irish subsidiary, which can affect the Group’s sterling denominated reported results as a consequence of 
movements in the sterling/euro exchange rates. The Group also incurs costs denominated in foreign currencies (primarily  
Danish Krone) which gives rise to short term exchange risk. The Group does not currently hedge against these exposures as 
they are deemed immaterial and there is no material exposure as at the year-end. No sensitivity analysis has been performed. 

Market risk  
Following the acquisition of the investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited (“HHDL”), the Group is exposed to market 
risk in that the value of the investment would be expected to vary depending on the price of oil and the future cash calls will, 
to an extent, depend on the revenue generated from oil produced from well testing activities. For a review of the progress 
of the Horse Hill project, please see the Chairman’s Statement. 

During the year under review the price of Brent crude oil was stable at an average of $83, with a low spike of $72. However, 
a sustained downturn in the price of oil would have a materially adverse effect on the revenues generated from the Horse 
Hill Oil Field.  A material reduction in the market value of HHDL shares can be expected to result in a proportionate reduction 
in the carrying value of the Group’s investment in HHDL.    

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

22. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

Categories of financial instrument 

Financial assets 

Investments at fair value through profit or loss: 

  Investment in HHDL (Note 12) 

Held at amortised cost:  

  Trade and other receivables  

Cash and cash equivalents 

  Intercompany receivables net of expected credit losses 

Financial liabilities 

Held at amortised cost: 

 Trade and other payables 

 Other financial liabilities  

Group 

Group 

Company 

Company 

2023 

£’000 

2022 

£’000 

2023 

£’000 

2022 

£’000 

2,600 

2,600 

2,600 

2,600 

68 

97 

- 

109 

456 

- 

2,765 

3,165 

107 

- 

107 

237 

- 

237 

47 

84 

1,992 

4,723 

106 

- 

106 

92 

322 

1,550 

4,564 

96 

- 

96 

Valuation of financial instruments 
Under IFRS 9 the valuation of financial instruments  is categorised based on the inputs used to generate the valuation as 
follows: 

Level  1:  The  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  traded  in  active  markets  (such  as  publicly  traded  derivatives,  and  equity 
securities) is based on quoted market prices at the end of the reporting period. The quoted market price used for financial 
assets held by the group is the current bid price. These instruments are included in level 1. 

Level  2:  The  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  that  are  not  traded  in  an  active  market  (for  example,  over-the-counter 
derivatives) is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as  
possible  on  entity-specific  estimates.  If  all  significant  inputs  required  to  fair  value  an  instrument  are  observable,  the 
instrument is included in level 2.   

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. 
This is the case for unlisted equity securities. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

22. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

The Group’s financial instruments by valuation method: 

Financial assets held at FVTPL 

Investment - FV at 30 November 2022 

Impairment expense in 2023 

Investment - FV at 30 November 2023 

Financial liabilities held at FVTPL 

Level 3 

£’000 

2,600 

- 

2,600 

- 

Total 

£’000 

2,600 

- 

2,600 

- 

For more information on the valuation bases see the relevant Notes referred to above.  

Included in the value for HHDL are loans of £2,126,000 plus accrued interest. These were designated as fair value through 
the profit and loss on recognition as they form part of the Company’s investment in Horse Hill Developments Limited. The 
maximum exposure to credit risk of this financial asset at the end of the reporting period is the carrying amounts of the loans. 
The loans are not valued separately from the investment. No change in fair value to date has been attributable to a change 
in credit risk. 

 23. 

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The Group’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and develop 
its mining and exploration activities to provide returns for shareholders. The Group’s funding comprises equity and debt. The 
Directors consider the Company’s capital and reserves to be capital. When considering the future capital requirements of 
the Group and the potential to fund specific project development via debt, the Directors consider the risk characteristics of 
all the underlying assets in assessing the optimal capital structure. 

24. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

All related party transactions have been conducted at arm’s length.  
Fees charged by Directors are detailed below and also shown in Note 6. “Directors’ emoluments and staff costs”. 

Company 
Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on 
consolidation.  The  loan  balances  and  transactions  in  the  year  with  the  subsidiaries  are  disclosed  in  Note  13.  Details  of 
transactions between the Company and other related parties are disclosed below. 

Group 
During the year a subsidiary, GreenRoc Mining plc, was deconsolidated due to loss of control. After deconsolidation it was 
accounted for as an associate. Transactions with GreenRoc from this point were as follows: 
Alba charged GreenRoc £75,000 for services from its personnel on an arm’s length basis as per the Relationship agreement 
signed on IPO in September 2021 plus certain costs or a share of certain costs incurred on their behalf. 
For his role of Chairman, GreenRoc paid George Frangeskides (Executive Chairman of Alba) a salary of £54,000 for the year. 
£13,500 of that is included within these accounts as it was paid prior to deconsolidation. 

Stirling Corporate Limited and Berwick Capital Limited, companies which George Frangeskides, a director of the Company, 
controls, were paid combined £2,000 during the year for recharges accrued in 2022 for historic costs incurred in the course 
of work performed on behalf of the Group. There are no amounts accrued at year end. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alba Mineral Resources plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 November 2023 

24. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued)  

Aetos Consulting Limited, a company which George Frangeskides, a director of the Company, jointly controls, charged the 
Group  fees  for  consultancy  services  of  £36,000  (2022:  £36,000).  Of  these  fees,  £19,200  represents  work  carried  out 
specifically on the advancement of the Group’s project portfolio and has therefore been capitalised. 
As at the year-end £59,000 (2022: £53,000) was owed to Aetos Consulting Limited and £36,000 (as noted above) was accrued 
for invoices expected. There are no terms and conditions associated with the outstanding balance. 

Woodridge Associates, a trading name of Michael Nott, a director of the Company, charged the Group fees of £6,000 for 
consultancy services during the year including £1,500 accrued at 30 November 2022. 

Ixia Advisers, a company controlled by Elizabeth Henson, a director of the Company, charged the Group fees of £6,000 for 
consultancy services during the year. 

25. 

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 

Corporate 
On 11 December 2023 the Company announced a review of director and management share options, resulting in various 
options and warrants being cancelled and new options and warrants being granted. 
On 27 March 2024 Alba announced that it had raised £380,000 before costs in a placing. 
On 24 April 2024 Alba announced that it had acquired an option over the Andover West Lithium Project in Western Australia. 

Clogau Gold Project 
Since 30 November 2023 there have been various announcements regarding the Clogau Gold Project, with the key matters 
summarised below: 
In December 2023 the Group announced that variations to water abstraction and discharge licences had been granted. 
In January 2024 the Group announced dewatering to Level 4 of the Clogau-St Davids mine plus necessary safety and access 
works.  
In March 2024 the Group announced results from the initial sampling of Level 4, including gold produced by smelt, and plans 
to bulk sample in two locations. 
In April 2024 the Group released the first part of the results from the aeromagnetic surveys carried out across the three 
licences in Wales.  

GreenRoc Mining plc 
In the period from December 2023 to date, GreenRoc announced: 
successful results from electrochemical battery test work; 
the grant of an extension to the Amitsoq licence area; and 
the surrender of the Melville Bay licence; and 
a highly positive PFS for the proposed Amitsoq anode plant, with an after-tax NPV8 of US$545M 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Horse Hill Oil Project 
In December 2023 an extension to the time allowed for the proposed farm-in was announced.  

26. 

ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

The Directors consider there is no ultimate controlling party. 

57