Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Travel Lodging / Choice Hotels International

Choice Hotels International

chh · LSE Consumer Cyclical
Claim this profile
Ticker chh
Exchange LSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Travel Lodging
Employees 501-1000
← All annual reports
FY2009 Annual Report · Choice Hotels International
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
China plc

Annual Report
2009

Contents

Financial Highlights  

Company Profile

Chairman's Statement

Financial Review

Operational Review

People

Prospects

Directors’ Report

Report of the Remuneration Committee  

Corporate Governance

Independent Auditors Report

Consolidated Income Statement

Consolidated Statement of
Comprehensive Income

Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Five Year Record

Notice of Annual General Meeting

Page

1

3

4

6

8

12

13

14

24

32

34

36

37

38

40

41

43

77

78

Front: Sanderson 'Dandelion Clocks'
Inside Cover: Art de Cuisine 'Tilt Bowls'

Financial Highlights

 Results 

Revenue – continuing operations

Operating profit – continuing operations

Share of results of associate company

Net finance (cost)/income

Profit before income tax

Dividends paid

Key Ratios

Operating margin

Basic earnings per share

Adjusted basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

Adjusted diluted earnings per share

Dividends paid per share

The adjusted EPS excludes exceptional items (see note 11). Exceptional items related to deferred taxation in 2008.

2009

£’000

2008

£’000

41,705

41,969

2,288

(18)

(201)

2,804

(71)

629

2,069

3,362

1,526

1,531

5.5%

14.3p

14.3p

14.2p

14.2p

14.0p

6.7%

13.8p

22.2p

13.7p

22.1p

14.0p

page

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 Year Performance

05

06

07

08

09

05

06

07

08

09

05

06

07

08

09

44.8

45.9

46.9

42.0

41.7

 Revenue (£m)

0 

10  

20 

30 

40 

50

2,561

3,082

4,044

3,362

2,069

0 

1,000 

2,000 

3,000 

4,000 

5,000

Profit before profit on disposal of property, 
plant and equipment, exceptional items, 
recognition of deferred tax asset and 
deferred tax (£000)

17.6

20.5

22.2

14.3

26.5

Adjusted basic 
earnings per share (p)

0 

5 

10 

15 

20  

25 

30

page

2

    
    
    
Company Profile

Churchill China plc
Directors, secretary and advisers

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

BANKERS

A D Roper

D J S Taylor

D M O’Connor

I T Hicks

NON EXECUTIVE   
DIRECTORS

J N E Sparey *•

R S Kettel *•

J W Morgan *•

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Lloyds Banking Group plc

Cornwall Court

41 Market Street

19 Cornwall Street

Longton

Birmingham

B3 2DT

Stoke-on-Trent

Staffordshire

ST3 1BN

SOLICITORS

REGISTRARS

Addleshaw Goddard

Equiniti

100 Barbirolli Square

Manchester

M2 3AB

COMPANY SECRETARY 
AND REGISTERED  
OFFICE

STOCKBROKERS 
AND ADVISERS

D J S Taylor ACA

Brewin Dolphin Securities

Marlborough Pottery

34 Lisbon Street

Leeds

LS1 4LX

High Street

Tunstall

Stoke-on-Trent

Staffordshire

ST6 5NZ

Aspect House

Spencer Road

Lancing

West Sussex

BN99 6ZX

* Member of audit committee

• Member of remuneration committee

 Registered no: 2709505

page

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman's Statement
Introduction
“A solid performance... achieving key objectives”

I am pleased to report a solid performance for Churchill China 

and very challenging operating conditions. In the circumstances, 

in 2009, achieving the key objectives we set out at the beginning 

we  demonstrated  the  resilience  of  the  Churchill  business.  Our 

of  the  year.  These  included  a  sustained  level  of  investment, 

Group revenues were fl at against last year but pre-tax profi t of 

reduction  in  stock  levels,  tight  working  capital  management 

£2.1m  was  lower  largely  due  to  the  impact  of  reduced  interest 

and  preservation  of  a  strong  balance  sheet  with  good  cash 

received on our circa £7m cash balance. The second half showed 

position.  2009  was  an  unpredictable  year  characterised  by 

a  pronounced  improvement  in  operating  profi tability  and  this 

global  recession,  uneven  demand,  a  weakening  UK  currency 

positive trend is continuing.

D i s n ey   –   Fr i e n d   Fo reve r   B re a k fa s t   S e t

"A sustained level of 
investment"

page

4

Art de Cuisine – Menu Bitesize

Right: Jamie Oliver 'Fluted Blue'
© Dan Jones 2010

page

5

Financial Review

“We have continued to target long term shareholder 
return and are pleased that we have delivered a 
compound return to shareholders in excess of 11% 
per annum over the last five years.”

page

6

Above: Churchill Super Vitrified 'Profile'

Group revenues fell by 0.6% to £41.7m (2008: £42.0m) reflecting 

£4.6m) as we completed our major new warehouse project and 

lower  demand  in  many  of  our  export  markets  largely  offset  by 

continued to invest selectively in our UK manufacturing base to 

good sales levels in the UK in both hospitality and retail markets.

improve efficiency.

Group operating profit was £2.3m (2008: £2.8m) and our pre-tax 

Pension Fund

profit was 39% lower at £2.1m (2008: £3.4m).

In  common  with  most  other  UK  companies  the  deficit  on  the 

Overall  margins  were  lower  than  the  corresponding  period  in 

Churchill  China  final  salary  scheme  has  widened  from  £2.1m 

2008,  reflecting  a  strategic  decision  to  adjust  output  to  reduce 

to  £7.7m  attributable  to  an  unusual  combination  of  factors: 

inventory levels in a period of lower demand. We recognised that 

depressed economic conditions, the impact of quantitative easing 

this would lead to a less than optimal manufacturing position in 

on discount rates and increasing inflation expectations. Churchill 

2009 but will give us increased operational flexibility in 2010. 

increased  its  annual  cash  payments  to  £0.5m  from  £0.2m  and 

Last  year  our  results  benefited  from  £0.6m  of  net  interest 

should this be required. We view the 2009 outcome as anomalous 

receipts.  In  2009  this  figure  fell  substantially  to  a  net  cost  of 

and expect the deficit to reduce during 2010 but the position will 

can  make  further  payments  given  our  balance  sheet  strength 

£0.2m,  an  adverse  effect  on  profit  before  tax  of  £0.8m.  Cash 

be reviewed further later this year.

interest  receipts  were reduced  at  £0.1m  (2008:  £0.4m)  as  rates 

remained low. Additionally, a significant notional charge of £0.3m 

Dividend and Shareholder Return

(2008:  credit  £0.2m)  arose  from  our  pension  fund  as  higher 

discount rates in 2008 reversed. We currently expect this latter 

We  again  delivered  a  respectable  performance  in  a  demanding 

effect to be mitigated in 2010.

year  and  the  Board  decided  to  accelerate  payment  of  the  final 

Adjusted  earnings  per  share  decreased  by  36%  to  14.3p  (2008: 

preserve  net  value  to  shareholders.  The  Directors  recommend 

22.2p)  whilst  basic  earnings  per  share,  including  exceptional 

no further dividend in respect of 2009 leaving the total paid for the 

items, were 14.3p (2008: 13.8p). 

year unchanged at 14.0p per share.

dividend  of  9.2p  per  share  (2008:  9.2p)  from  May  to  March  to 

We  continued  to  show  good  cash  generation  from  operations, 

Churchill’s  share  price  increased  by  47%  during  2009  which, 

especially  in  the  second  half.  Cash  balances  remain  strong  at 

coupled  with  our  maintained  dividend,  delivered  strong  returns  to 

£6.9m (2008: £7.7m) reflecting excellent management of working 

shareholders. We have continued to target long term shareholder 

capital, particularly inventories which were reduced from £8.5m 

return and are pleased that we have delivered a compound return 

in 2008 to £7.1m. We incurred capital expenditure of £2.4m (2008: 

to shareholders in excess of 11% per annum over the last 5 years. 

Disney – Hundred Acre Wood

Jamie Oliver – Cheeky Mugs

Cath Kidston – Gingham Gift Set

page

7

Operational Review

Hospitality

After a mixed performance in the first half of 2009, our hospitality 

quality  and  coverage  of  our  export  sales  staff  and  anticipate 

business made a good recovery in the second half with sales up 

some recovery in 2010. 

6% on the second half of last year, leaving overall sales for the 

full year down 2% at £24.6m (2008: £25.0m). 

Demand strengthened noticeably in the last quarter of 2009 and 

this has continued. We have focused on key distributor and end 

Despite  relatively  weak  demand  from  consumers  eating  out, 

user relationships and this effort will be sustained in 2010. 

our UK hospitality revenues were up slightly, as we worked hard 

to  gain  market  share  and  maintained  our  position  as  the  clear 

The  net  contribution  to  Group  was  down  £0.4m  at  £3.3m  as 

market  leader  in  the  UK.  The  British  consumer  has  become 

margins were affected adversely by lower production efficiencies 

more selective and price conscious when dining out and this has 

arising  from  reduced  volumes.  Our  hospitality  product  ranges 

been reflected in substantial variations in activity in restaurants 

deliver  superior  performance  and  Churchill  is  determined  to 

and pubs. There is firm evidence of promotional activity and it is 

build upon its reputation for innovative new product development 

pleasing  to  note  that  after  a  period  of  destocking  there  is  now 

and  the  ability  to  invest  in  fresh  concepts  whilst  enjoying  high 

clear willingness by our end customers, both independents and 

levels of recurring replacement revenues from regular hospitality 

chains,  to  refurbish  premises,  refresh  menus  and  create  new 

customers. The bulk of our sales are generated from Churchill 

themes to attract consumers. 

Supervit and Alchemy Fine China; the key features and benefits 

of  these  UK  manufactured  ranges  being  unrivalled  product 

Export  sales  at  £8.2m  (2008:  £8.7m)  reflected  a  weaker 

performance  and  service.  We  have  introduced  new  stoneware 

performance  from  Europe  in  general  and  Spain  and  Eire  in 

and porcelain ranges to enable our sales team to meet end user 

particular,  where  we  experienced  difficult  trading  conditions. 

demand for a different look or performance criteria. We are also 

This  was  offset  to  some  extent  by  a  resilient  North  American 

delighted  to  be  working  with  Riedel  on  the  distribution  of  their 

performance and good activity levels in smaller export markets, 

fine glassware to the upper end of the hotel and restaurant sector. 

notably  Russia  and  the  Middle  East.  We  have  increased  the 

page

8

Churchill Super Vitrifi ed – Lotus

Alchemy – Ambience

Art de Cuisine – Menu Square

Right: Churchill Super Vitrified 'Bowl Collection'

 
“Our hospitality product ranges deliver superior 
performance and Churchill is determined to build 
upon its reputation for innovative new product 
development.”

page

9

“We increased sales in both department stores and independent 
retailers by almost 50% in 2009 through the provision of an 
impressive array of branded and licensed new products.”

page

10

Above: Cath Kidston Mugs

Alex Clark - Alphabet

Ella Doran - Sweetie Love

Sanderson - Sweet Bay

Retail 

  Manufacturing, Sourcing 

and Logistics

Sales to our retail customers were marginally higher at £17.1m 

With the prevailing economic climate it was important to continue 

(2008: £17.0m). This performance reflected good progress in our 

to implement cost reduction and manufacturing initiatives but it 

strategy to build sales in middle market accounts whilst managing 

was challenging to optimise production levels. For the majority 

the  transition  from  volume  channel  business.  We  increased 

of  2009,  our  UK  factory  was  operating  at  well  below  optimum 

sales  in  both  department  stores  and  independent  retailers  by 

capacity  and  the  manufacturing  team  were  working  under 

almost 50% in 2009 through the provision of an impressive array 

strict  guidelines  to  ensure  that  working  capital  requirements 

of  branded  and  licensed  new  products.  The  Jamie  Oliver,  Cath 

and  inventory  levels  were  not  exceeded.  These  objectives  were 

Kidston,  Disney,  Alex  Clark,  Sanderson,  Ella  Doran  and  other 

successfully realised.

licences are key to our success in both the middle market and 

high  volume  sectors.  We  continue  to  invest  in  the  development 

Our new £4m distribution centre became fully operational in June 

of our business to optimise our performance over the long term. 

2009, ensuring all our UK operations are now consolidated on our 

Sales  to  our  promotional  customers  slowed  in  the  second  half 

freehold site in Stoke-on-Trent, eliminating the requirement for 

after a strong first half performance. 

inter-site  transport  and  extra  warehousing  which  had  incurred 

The  UK,  North  America  and  Australasia  all  performed  well 

costs in 2008.

but  export  sales  to  Europe  were  disappointing,  reflecting  weak 

We  remain  committed  to  maintaining  and  improving  our  UK 

consumer demand. 

technical ceramic expertise whilst driving down costs. The next 

stage  of  this  plan  is  a  significant  investment  in  a  new  energy 

The net contribution to Group was stable at £1.7m (2008: £1.7m) 

efficient  ‘once  fire’  kiln  with  robotic  product  handling  devices. 

as margins were supported by growth in middle market business 

The installation of this equipment will be completed in the middle 

despite  price  pressure  in  volume  channels.  We  continue  to 

of  2010.  For  our  sourcing  operations,  we  continue  to  support 

invest  in  support  of  profitable  opportunities  across  the  market 

our manufacturing partners (mainly in Asia) with direct support 

and  expect  further  progress  in  the  distribution  of  our  licensed 

on  ceramic  quality,  ethical  standards,  delivery  and  packaging 

product ranges to the independent  sector  although this will be 

matters from both from the UK and our Shanghai office. 

offset by competitive pricing pressure in the volume sector. 

page

11

 
 
 
 
 
People

I have commented before that Churchill is very fortunate to have 

Rodney  Kettel  retires  this  year  after  eleven  years  as  a  non-

a dedicated workforce and a strong skill base. I believe that there 

executive Director and before that for several years as Churchill’s 

is an excellent team spirit and a tangible will to “get things done” 

appointed auditor. Rodney’s contribution has been invaluable on 

at  Churchill.  We  are  fortunate  to  not  only  have  the  capacity  to 

many dimensions and we wish him well for the future. 

retain our existing skills and talent, but also the ability to attract 

well-qualified  graduates  and  more  experienced  senior  staff  to 

the business and this team is key to our continuing success.

"A dedicated workforce 
and a strong skill base"

page

12

Above: Churchill Super Vitrified X Squared
Above Right: Art de Cuisine Professional Bone China

Prospects

We  have  started  the  new  year  relatively  well  and  have  reason 

Overall,  Churchill  is  well  positioned  to  respond  to  changes 

to  expect  an  improvement  in  our  overall  performance  in  2010, 

in  the  marketplace,  however,  the  strength  of  our  recovery  will 

particularly  given  recent  evidence  of  enhanced  demand  in  our 

be  influenced  by  continued  economic  improvement.  We  have 

Hospitality  business.  Demand  for  our  Hospitality  products  has 

maintained our investment in the business in both revenue and 

been firm and we are confident that our strategy of targeted new 

capital terms for the long term benefit of shareholders and have 

product development will deliver sales growth. 

demonstrated the strength of the Churchill business through a 

difficult  period.  We  are  confident  in  our  ability  to  deliver  future 

In  our  Retail  business,  volume  channel  sales  are  well  behind 

growth. 

the  corresponding  period  in  2009  but  we  expect  our  increased 

sales  to  independents  and  department  stores  will  more  than 

Jonathan Sparey

compensate with improved returns over the year as a whole. 

Chairman 

24 March 2010 

Alchemy – Energy Buffet

Jamie Oliver – Keeping it Simple

Churchill Super Vitrifi ed – Zen

"Churchill is well positioned"

page

13

Directors’ Report

for the year ended 31 December 2009

The  Directors  present  their  annual  report  and  the  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  for  the  year  ended 
31 December 2009. 

Principal activities, operating and financial review
The Company is a public limited company listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) and is incorporated and domiciled in the UK. 
The registered office is disclosed at the front of these accounts and the Company number is 2709505.

The consolidated income statement for the year is set out on page 36.

The principal activity of the Group is the manufacture and sale of ceramic and related products for hospitality and household markets 
around the world. 

A review of the operations of the Group during the year and its future prospects are given in the Chairman’s Statement on page 4 and 
Business Review section of this report on page 15.

Dividends 
The Directors have paid the following dividends in respect of the years ended 31 December 2009 and 31 December 2008:

Ordinary dividend:

Final dividend 2008 9.2p (2007: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share 
Interim dividend 2009 4.8p (2008: 4.8p) per 10p ordinary share 

2009 
£’000 

1,003 
523 

1,526 

2008
£’000

1,007
524

1,531

The following dividend was declared in respect of 2009 and paid on 12 March 2010:
Ordinary dividend:

Second interim dividend 2009 9.2p (2008: £nil) 

1,004 

–

The Directors now recommend payment of the following dividend:
Ordinary dividend:

Final dividend 2009 nil (2008: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share 

Dividends on treasury shares held by the Company are waived.

– 

1,003

Directors
The Directors of the Company who have served during the year and up to the date of signing of the financial statements are as follows:
J N E Sparey * 
A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 

R S Kettel *
I T Hicks
J W Morgan*

*  Non executive

page

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Directors retiring by rotation are D M O’Connor and I T Hicks who, being eligible, offer themselves for re-election. The unexpired 
terms of the service contracts of D M O’Connor and I T Hicks are 12 months.

The biographical details of the Directors are as follows:

Jonathan  Sparey,  non  executive  Chairman,  aged  52,  is  a  senior  partner  in  L.E.K.  Consulting  LLP,  a  leading  international  corporate 
strategy firm. He was previously a Director of the merchant bank Samuel Montagu and Co. He joined the Board in 2000.

Andrew Roper, Chief Executive Officer, aged 61, has worked for the Company since 1973. He has responsibility for the development of 
Group strategy and for operational performance and development. He was appointed to his present role in 2007 following on from his 
role as Group Managing Director since 1998.

David Taylor, Finance Director and Company Secretary, Managing Director: Retail products, aged 50, has worked for the Group for 18 
years. Following qualification as a Chartered Accountant with KPMG, he worked in a number of finance roles before joining Churchill in 
1992. He was appointed to the Board in 1993.

Rodney Kettel, non executive Director, aged 66, was formerly a partner in PricewaterhouseCoopers, Chartered Accountants, Birmingham, 
and has extensive experience in advising listed companies. He joined the Board in 1999.

David O’Connor, Managing Director: Hospitality products, aged 53, has worked for Churchill for 19 years in a number of production, 
operations and marketing roles. He has extensive experience within the Ceramics industry and joined the Board in 1999.

Iain Hicks, Operations Director, aged 40, has worked for the Group in a variety of roles since joining Churchill in 1992. He has led the 
development of the Group’s sourcing operation since it was established in 1999 and was appointed to the Board in 2006. 

Jonathan Morgan, non executive Director, aged 52, is a Director of SVG Investment Managers Limited and has many years of experience 
in investment management within growth small and medium sized companies. He was previously Managing Director of Prudential plc’s 
Private Equity business in Europe and Asia Pacific. He joined the Board in 2007.

Business review
Business environment
We operate in many different geographic markets serving hospitality and retail customers with a range of tabletop products. Whilst our 
principal exposure is to the UK market, where we generate over 65% of our gross revenue, we also enjoy significant sales to Europe and 
North America which respectively account for 17% and 9% of our turnover. Almost without exception all of these markets are subject to 
a high level of competitive pressure and our costs of operation require constant review and control.

There is a significant amount of competitive pressure within our markets. In our retail markets customers are able to choose from 
a wide variety of alternative suppliers based both in the UK and overseas. There are relatively low costs of switching between certain 
markets, particularly in volume distribution channels. In hospitality markets there are higher barriers to entry given the nature and 
structure of the market which places a premium on service, quality and technical performance. 

Whilst total market size information is not easily available for our markets, we believe that there has generally been a reduction in the 
overall  size  of  our  markets  during  the  year.  Adverse  macro-economic  conditions  and  general  uncertainty  have  affected  most  of  the 
world’s developed economies. Growth rates have generally been negative and have been especially so in Southern European markets 
where the Group derives a proportion of its total revenues. This limitation of demand appears to have relaxed somewhat towards the 
end of 2009 in certain markets, but it is too early to assess whether this represents the start of a longer term recovery or a short term 
benefit. Our forward planning process assumes that there will be no major return to growth in 2010 and we continue to manage our 
business accordingly.

page

15

Directors’ Report

(continued)

The cost of imported product has remained generally stable although there has been some rise due to higher freight rates. Our UK 
manufacturing operations remain subject to tight cost control to mitigate higher unit fixed costs on lower production levels. Labour 
costs have risen during the year, but are expected to remain stable during 2010. Energy costs are generally at lower levels than at the 
corresponding point last year.

We believe that to succeed as a business we must remain agile and anticipate and respond to these changes. Our business model 
cannot remain static and we must constantly review our business and amend our operations where necessary.

Strategy
The Group’s strategy remains to generate improved shareholder returns through the provision of value to customers through excellence 
in  design,  quality  and  service.  We  aim  to  increase  long  term  Group  profitability  principally  through  steady  increments  to  sales  and 
margins, but also in active control of our cost base. It is no longer sufficient simply to provide a value based offering, we must meet our 
customers’ expectations in key areas in order to remain their preferred supplier.

Design
It is a key strategic aim to design products that meet our end users’ requirements both in terms of performance, shape and surface 
design. Our target markets require product that is aesthetically appealing whilst also being functional and robust.

We offer a broad range of product satisfying a range of design styles, product types and price points. Product lifecycles in certain parts of 
our business are shortening with the consequent requirement to reduce design and development lead times and increase flexibility. All 
our product, whether made in our own factories or sourced from third party manufacturers, is researched and designed within Churchill 
or in conjunction with experienced external designers and licensors. The ability to develop new products and ranges and to bring these 
to market is an important part of our success. 

We have invested significant resource in new staff and flexible technology to increase our capability in this area.

We review our performance in relation to the new product development process and in the performance of new products and ranges 
after launch. We also try to ensure that we have a balanced design team that are given sufficient freedom to anticipate market trends 
and requirements and to allow them to innovate successful new products.

Quality
Historically, as a manufacturer, we measured our quality in relation to the effectiveness of our factories. However, we understand that 
quality must exist throughout our business process. Quality is reflected not only in the appearance of our product but in its design, its 
performance in operation and in the systems which support the fulfilment of our contract with our customers. 

In addition to the introduction of quality systems within manufacturing and operations, we have had to develop new working methods 
with third party suppliers to ensure that the product that our customer receives is as they expect. This includes the identification and 
review of potential suppliers, the periodic audit of established partners and the clarification of exact product specifications.

We also measure quality through the review of customer feedback and active involvement with our customers after we have sold product 
to them.

Customer Service
Customer service remains a key element of our strategy. The fulfilment of customer expectations is critical to the maintenance of good 
relationships. Most of our customers are repeat customers and as such we must ensure that they return to Churchill. 

page

16

Customer Service (continued)
We have steadily developed our IT systems to forecast likely demand for products and to manage our stock holding to ensure that we meet 
ambitious on time, in full, delivery targets. In addition, we have organised our production facilities to balance efficient production with 
flexible manufacture to ensure that we can respond quickly to unexpected demand levels. We aim to invest regularly in new production 
technology in order to meet changing demand levels and to develop our IT systems in this area. We continue to invest in customer service.

We assess our performance in this area principally by measurement of the degree to which we meet agreed order delivery schedules on 
time and in full. These targets are monitored on a regular basis, along with customer feedback.

Future outlook
The Board believes that long term demand for hospitality products in developed markets will continue to increase as leisure related 
spending recovers and grows. There has been a long term expansion in eating out in the UK and the Group intends to continue to expand 
its leading UK position whilst investing in the development of export markets.

In the UK we believe that we will continue to reinforce our market leadership based on our programme of introducing new products 
specifically targeted at meeting customer requirements. The opportunities overseas may be divided into markets where hospitality is well 
established, but the Group has not yet achieved a reasonable market share and developmental markets where demand for hospitality 
products is likely to grow as local or regional economies develop. It is therefore believed that there will be significant opportunities for 
further and sustained growth in the medium and long term.

Retail  markets  have  been  generally  difficult  for  several  years  driven  by  changes  in  the  structure  of  distribution  channels  within 
the  marketplace  and  intense  competitive  pressure  largely  caused  by  overcapacity  in  the  worldwide  ceramics  market.  The  Group’s 
established strategy of developing sales to middle market distribution channels alongside sales to our volume channel customers will 
be extended both in the UK and overseas. We plan to invest further in sales and market development. The Board also believes that the 
plans enacted within the Retail division have placed Churchill in a position to benefit from these competitive pressures relative to other 
suppliers to the market.

In the short term, economic uncertainty may affect the rate of growth of our core markets and this will be reflected in our approach to 
these markets. 

Principal risks and uncertainties
The Group’s operations are subject to a number of risks. The key business risks affecting the Group are set out below:

Market change
The Group operates in dynamic markets where there have been significant recent changes to economic conditions, the major distribution 
channels within each market and the relative competitive position of suppliers to these markets. It is therefore important that the Group 
continues to review the markets in which it currently operates and wishes to develop to ensure that it continues to meet customer needs 
in an efficient and profitable manner.

The  risk  inherent  in  each  market  is  offset  by  the  relatively  broad  spread  of  our  operations  in  geographic  terms  and  by  a  widening 
portfolio of products to serve different segments of these markets. We are also actively developing new geographic markets.

Currency exposure
The Group’s position as a worldwide provider of ceramic and related products means that our profitability will be subject to currency 
fluctuations related to export sales. Our policy is generally to offer our customers the option to be invoiced in their local currency. Our 
non sterling receipts are principally denominated in US dollars and euros. Against US dollar receipts we have a natural offset due to 
our overseas sourcing operations where the cost of purchase from our third party suppliers is generally denominated in US dollars.

page

17

Directors’ Report

(continued)

Currency exposure (continued)
We review and control our transactional foreign currency exposure regularly and take appropriate action to manage net exposures using 
simple option forward contracts. We do not as a matter of policy take longer term positions to cover economic foreign currency exposure 
in this area, but review currency rate changes as part of our pricing policy. 

Cost competitiveness
Our markets have been subject to significant cost movements in recent years. We have responded by augmenting our UK production 
facilities with a wide range of third party suppliers who generally operate in lower cost environments. The spread of these suppliers 
gives us the ability to switch elements of production to obtain the best balance of quality and price. 

As a major user of energy within our production process we have an exposure to changes in availability and price of gas and electricity. 
We have sought to control this risk through management of our overall energy consumption and through contractual arrangements to 
ensure that we maintain adequate supplies of power at a cost which enables us to operate.

Customer and supplier creditworthiness
Whilst the Group maintains a strong balance sheet and credit position it operates in a market where both customers and suppliers 
are exposed to credit and liquidity related problems. The Group manages this risk by trading, where possible, on secured terms and by 
regularly reviewing the financial position of key business partners.

Product compliance
We are exposed to risk in relation to our products meeting accepted safety standards within the markets we serve. Each major geographic 
market applies different standards and legal penalties may be considerable for non compliance.

We manage these risks principally through the monitoring of applicable standards, the testing of our product to ensure it meets these 
standards and sale in accordance with local regulations. We also, where practical, maintain appropriate external insurance.

Key performance indicators
Sales and sales growth
The absolute levels of sales and sales growth are reviewed regularly through the year against previous year and target levels. 

Sales 2009: £41.7m (2008: £42.0m).

Sales growth 2009: -1% (2008: -11%).

Overall sales levels have decreased marginally as a result of less favourable general economic conditions. Despite uncertain economic 
conditions, our UK revenue grew by 3% over the year, reflecting our strong market position. Sales were significantly reduced in Europe, 
particularly in Southern Europe.

Customer service and inventory
Customer service and inventory holding levels are reviewed on a regular basis as part of the operational management of the Group’s 
business.  The  main  aim  of  this  measure  is to  ensure that the Group’s strong reputation for on time order fulfilment is maintained, 
consistent with the efficient operation of production and sourcing activities and the optimisation of working capital.

Inventory 2009: £7.1m (2008: £8.5m).

page

18

Customer service and inventory (continued)
One of our key targets for 2009 was to reduce inventory holding level both to optimise cash and also to preserve operational flexibility 
given an uncertain economic outlook. We have achieved our targets and inventory levels are at acceptable levels.

Operating profit and profit before taxation
The level of operating profit and significant factors affecting its delivery are reviewed and controlled on a regular basis.

Operating profit 2009: £2.3m (2008: £2.8m).

Operating profit before tax fell principally due to lower efficiencies within our manufacturing operations as we reduced output levels 
to  control  inventory.  Savings  within  our  cost  base  offset  some  of  the  impact  of  these  reduced  efficiencies.  Operating  margins  were 
maintained at acceptable levels (5.5% (2008: 6.7%)).

The level of profit before tax is reviewed on a monthly basis against previous performance and target levels. 

Profit before taxation 2009: £2.1m (2008: £3.4m).

The fall in profit before tax in 2009 arose as a result of two main reasons: due to reduced operating profits as discussed above and, 
more significantly, due to lower interest receipts. Cash interest receipts fell £0.3m as average interest rates declined sharply. Notional 
pension  interest  costs  associated  with  our  final  salary  pension  fund  rose  considerably  as  discount  and  inflation  rate  assumptions 
moved adversely. The credit of £0.2m enjoyed in 2008 reversed to a charge of £0.3m in 2009. Interest on pension scheme liabilities is a 
non cash item.

Operating cash generation
The  Group  believes  that  over  an  extended  time  period  it  is  important  to  generate  cash  at  an  operating  level  equivalent  to  declared 
operating profit. This measure identifies the effectiveness of our control over working capital demands and ensures that cash is available 
for further investment in the business, to meet taxation payments and to ensure that our shareholders receive an appropriate return.

Operating profit 2009: £2.3m (2008: £2.8m).

Operating cash generation 2009: £3.3m (2008: £2.5m).

Percentage of operating cash generation to operating profit 151% (2008: 89%).

Three year average percentage of operating cash generation for the last 3 years to operating profit 147% (2008: 165%).

Operating cash generation was above operating profit largely due to reduced inventory holding levels. This decrease reflects a targeted 
plan to reduce inventory holding levels.

Employees
The  Group  recognises  that  well-trained,  motivated  and  committed  employees  are  critical  to  the  current  and  future  success  of  our 
business. We aim to involve our workforce, through employee communication, team briefs and various internal forums to encourage 
our employees to engage with the Company’s strategy and goals. We have worked hard to develop and foster an open and constructive 
relationship with our employees and their trade union representation and meet with them regularly to discuss developments within the 
business.

page

19

Directors’ Report

(continued)

Employees (continued)
Training and development at all levels within the business is actively promoted, from essential skills to professional qualifications. We 
have worked extensively with our local further education college through Train to Gain with over 90% of our weekly paid employees 
working to at least one vocational qualification. Our programme to offer essential skills within the working day has been of substantial 
benefit to a number of the employees who took advantage of this opportunity. Our engineering and supervisory multi-skilling programmes 
are core to us meeting future manufacturing challenges. In difficult economic times our focus on training demonstrates our long term 
commitment to our workforce and this has helped overall morale and motivation.

Since 2002 we have run a graduate recruitment programme in the business; currently we have over 50 graduates who have been or who 
are currently on the programme, representing 25% of our staff employees. From these graduates the core of our future management 
team will develop.

We remain committed to Total Quality Management using Business Improvement Techniques to engage employees in the development 
of new methods to improve quality, processes and performance.

The  Company  is  fully  committed  to  its  equal  opportunities  employment  policy  offering  equality  in  recruitment,  training,  career 
development  and  promotion  of  all  employees  irrespective  of  gender,  ethnic  origin,  age,  nationality,  marital  status,  religion,  sexual 
orientation or disability. If an employee were to become disabled during their employment every effort would be made to retain them 
within the business and offer appropriate retraining.

Health and safety
The health and safety of our employees is central to our operations and we invest significant effort and resource to target continuous 
improvement.  Health  and  safety  is  a  Board  responsibility  and  receives  constant  management  focus;  the  Board  has  access  to 
appropriately trained and skilled assistance to meet its obligations. Our approach to health and safety is embedded in our day-to-day 
working practices. Our health and safety policy is documented and published and we aim to identify and to reduce health and safety risks 
associated with our operations to the lowest practical levels.

We work to continually improve Health and Safety providing a safe and healthy working environment for all our employees and visitors. 
NEBOSH, NVQs and internal training programmes are regularly offered to update safety skills.

Environment, social and community
The Group considers and manages the impact of its actions on the environment and wider social and community issues. We are anxious 
that we take into account our economic, social and environmental impact locally, nationally and internationally.

The principal impact of the Group’s operations on the environment is in relation to the energy it consumes and the waste products 
produced  as  part  of  its  operations.  Whilst  the  Company  manufactures  a  product  which  may  be  reused  many  hundreds  of  times,  a 
significant  amount  of  energy  is  consumed  in  its  production.  As  a  result  of  this  we  have  invested  over  several  years  to  reduce  our 
energy consumption and have replaced older systems and machinery with more modern energy efficient plant and procedures. We have 
obtained accreditation under ISO 14001, the international standard for environmental efficient operations. 

We run ongoing programmes to minimise energy usage and waste. We have instituted a programme to work with our customers both in 
terms of the development of products that lower their energy consumption and also to reduce the amount of packaging associated with 
our products.

We understand that we have an impact on our local community and consider the effect of our actions on our local area. Where possible 
we work to reduce any adverse effects of our operations, consistent with the needs of other stakeholders within our business.

page

20

Research and development
The  introduction  of  new  and  innovative  products  and  designs  remains  a  cornerstone  of  our  future  strategy.  The  Group’s  aim  is  to 
continue to identify future market trends and then to design and develop products that meet these needs. A significant effort is made 
to develop our process technology to allow the introduction of more complex product designs. New product development is controlled 
through regular meetings and the success of new launches is reviewed in the short term against individual targets and over the longer 
term as a function of our strategy.

We have sought to develop our technical advantage and the Group is accredited by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service as an 
approved testing laboratory under ISO 17025. This will enable us both to optimise our own trading position and to offer services to other 
manufacturers.

Overseas branches
The Group’s principal operations are located within the United Kingdom; however, Churchill China plc also operates from a US-based 
sales subsidiary and has a sourcing and support operation in China.

Insurance of Directors
The Group maintains insurance for the Directors in respect of their duties as Directors. 

Financing
The Group currently has in place short term variable rate financing arrangements to provide finance for working capital requirements 
should they be required. 

Financial instruments
The Group uses its own cash resources and forward exchange contracts and foreign currency bank accounts to manage its exposure to 
exchange rate risk caused by trading activities in currencies other than sterling.

The  risk  management  policy  adopted  is  to  regularly  review  forward  foreign  currency  cash  flows,  identifying  the  currency  effect  of 
completed  sale  and  purchase  transactions,  transactions  which  have  been  contracted  for  but  not  completed  and  an  assessment  of 
expected likely forward cash flows. The net currency exposure arising from this review is then managed using forward option contracts. 
Net  currency  exposures  are  generally  covered  between  3  and  6  months  forward  at  any  point  in  time.  The  Group  does  not  trade  in 
financial instruments.

The Group has no material interest rate risk, the only interest rate exposure is in relation to returns on short term cash deposits and 
borrowings.

Note 2 to the accounts includes financial risk considerations.

Land and buildings
The current value of land and buildings is in the opinion of the Directors in excess of the value included in these accounts. This has not 
been quantified because independent valuations have not been undertaken.

page

21

Directors’ Report

(continued)

Substantial shareholdings
The Directors have been advised of the following individual interests, or group of interests, other than those dealt with in the summary 
of Directors’ interests in the Report of the Remuneration Committee, held by persons acting together, which at 16 March 2010 exceeded 
3% of the Company’s issued share capital: 

Shareholder 

New Landfinance Limited 
S Baker 
J A Roper 
E S & S J Roper 
M J & G Roper 
Rensburg Sheppards Investment Management 
Henderson Global Investors 

Number of
ordinary shares 

Percentage

1,730,000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
897,265 
681,880 
632,935 
440,000 

15.8%
9.1%
9.1%
8.2%
6.2%
5.8%
4.0%

Share repurchase
During  the  year  the  Company  repurchased  nil  (2008:  58,400)  10p  ordinary  shares  at  a  total  cost  of  £nil  (2008:  £160,000)  in  order  to 
improve overall shareholder return. 10,000 (2008: 13,000) shares were reissued in respect of employee share option schemes for a total 
consideration of £21,000 (2008: £22,000). The maximum number of shares held by the Company during the year was 45,400 10p ordinary 
shares.  The  Company  retains  a  power,  subject  to  the  fulfilment  of  certain  conditions  and  as  approved  at  the  2009  Annual  General 
Meeting, for the further purchase of its own shares.

Suppliers
The  Group  agrees  terms  and  conditions  covering  its  business  with  its  suppliers  at  the  time  of  each  transaction  or  in  advance.  In 
normal circumstances payment is generally made in accordance with these terms, subject to suppliers meeting the agreed terms and 
conditions.

The Group’s average creditor payment period at 31 December 2009 was 38 days (2008: 40 days). The Company has no trade creditors.

Political and charitable contributions
Contributions made by the Group during the year for political and charitable purposes were £nil (2008: £nil) and £4,000 (2008: £5,000) 
respectively. In addition to the above, the Group regularly donates quantities of product to charitable causes. The estimated value of 
these donations in 2009 was £9,000 (2008: £9,000). The Group’s policy in respect of charitable donations is to support local charities and 
institutions, particularly in relation to education and sport.

page

22

 
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the Annual Report and the 
financial statements
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  law  and 
regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected 
to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the 
European  Union,  and  the  parent  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom  Generally  Accepted  Accounting 
Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and of the 
profit or loss of the Company and Group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:

l  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
l  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
l  state whether IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any 

material departures disclosed and explained in the Group and parent Company financial statements respectively;

l  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in 

business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s transactions 
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and enable them to ensure that the financial 
statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group 
and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the Company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing 
the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Disclosure of information to auditors
In the case of each of the persons who are Directors at the date of this report, as far as each Director is aware, there is no relevant audit 
information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware. Relevant information is defined as ‘information needed by the Company’s 
auditors in connection with preparing their report’. Each Director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken in his duty as a 
Director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of 
that information.

Independent Auditors
The  auditors,  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,  have  indicated  their  willingness  to  continue  in  office  and  a  resolution  that  they  be 
reappointed will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

By order of the Board

D J S Taylor

Company Secretary 

24 March 2010

page

23

Report of the Remuneration Committee

for the year ended 31 December 2009

Remuneration policy
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

The terms of Reference for the Remuneration Committee are listed below:

l  To determine, on behalf of the Board and the shareholders, the Company’s broad policy for executive reward and the entire individual 
remuneration including terms of service for each of the executive Directors (and as appropriate other nominated Senior Executives).
In doing so, to give the executive Directors appropriate encouragement to enhance Company performance and ensure that they are 
fairly but reasonably rewarded for their individual responsibilities, abilities and contribution.
l  To report and account directly to the shareholders, on behalf of the Board, for their decisions.

l 

The Remuneration Committee issued a policy statement which is endorsed by the Board. In determining its policy the Committee has 
given full consideration to Section B of the best practices provisions annexed to the Listing Rules of the London Stock Exchange. The 
two elements of this statement are:

l  Total rewards to executive Directors are intended to provide a comprehensive benefit package which both attracts and motivates 
individuals of calibre and experience to achieve continuous improvement in shareholder benefits (whilst at all times maintaining the 
highest levels of integrity). Reflecting individual responsibilities, abilities, expertise and preferences, a balance is sought between 
guaranteed income through salary and pension with incentives aligned to measurable criteria to cover both short and longer term 
periods.

l  Total rewards will be set with acknowledgement of comparable rewards in industry-related public companies and those of similar 
scale and also with sensitivity to subordinate staff within the Company with whom the packages will as far as possible be consistent 
and fair.

The Remuneration Committee has the power to consider the Group’s performance on environmental, social and governance issues 
when setting the remuneration of executive Directors.

The Remuneration Committee is composed of J W Morgan, who acts as Chairman, J N E Sparey and R S Kettel, all of whom are non 
executive Directors.

During  the  year  the  following  provided  advice  which  materially  assisted  the  Remuneration  Committee:  A  D  Roper  (Chief  Executive 
Officer) and A M Basnett (HR Director, Churchill China (UK) Limited).

page

24

Directors’ emoluments
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited. Emoluments of the Directors were as follows:

  Performance 
bonuses 
£ 

Salary 
£ 

 Compensation 
Aggregate 
for loss 
of office  emoluments 
£ 

£ 

Benefits 
in kind 
£ 

Aggregate
  emoluments
including
pensions
£

Pensions 
(see below) 
£ 

2009
Executive

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 
Non executive

J N E Sparey 
R S Kettel 
J W Morgan 

2008
Executive

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
R N Grundy 
I T Hicks 
Non executive

J N E Sparey 
R S Kettel 
J W Morgan 

199,667 
164,000 
169,000 
118,000 

58,000 
36,000 
36,000 

20,000 
20,000 
20,000 
10,000 

– 
– 
– 

993 
15,318 
14,121 
8,258 

– 
– 
– 

780,667 

70,000 

38,690 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

220,660 
199,318 
203,121 
136,258 

58,000 
36,000 
36,000 

– 
11,480 
11,830 
8,260 

– 
– 

220,660
210,798
214,951
144,518

58,000
36,000
36,000

889,357 

31,570 

920,927

232,833 
161,334 
161,334 
52,000 
116,667 

57,000 
35,332 
35,334 

13,500 
10,000 
10,000 
– 
8,000 

– 
– 
– 

940 
14,099 
17,634 
6,592 
9,682 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
120,000 
– 

– 
– 
– 

247,273 
185,433 
188,968 
178,592 
134,349 

57,000 
35,332 
35,334 

– 
11,293 
11,293 
3,640 
8,167 

– 
– 
– 

247,273
196,726
200,261
182,232
142,516

57,000
35,332
35,334

851,834 

41,500 

48,947 

120,000 

1,062,281 

34,393 

1,096,674

There were no contracts of significance during or at the end of the financial year in which a Director of the Company was materially 
interested.

Performance bonuses for executive Directors are earned on a basis combining increases in Group profitability and the achievement of 
defined personal performance objectives. 

Benefits in kind include the provision of car benefits, fuel benefits and medical insurance. No Director waived emoluments in respect of 
the years ended 31 December 2009 and 2008.

Pension costs represent contributions as defined by the London Stock Exchange guidance and are contributions made by the Group to 
defined contribution schemes. For additional information in respect of Directors’ pensions refer to the ‘Pensions’ section below.

R N Grundy’s remuneration in 2008 is to the date of his resignation (28 April 2008).

page

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of the Remuneration Committee

(continued)

Share options
This  section  of  the  Report  of  the  Remuneration  Committee  is  audited.  Details  of  share  options  granted  under  the  Executive  and 
Unapproved Executive schemes are as follows:

Number 
of options 

Number
of options 
Date of  31 December  31 December 
2009 
2008 

grant 

D J S Taylor

Unapproved Executive scheme 
Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 

D M O’Connor

Unapproved Executive scheme 
Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 

I T Hicks

Approved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 

13.04.00 
05.12.00 
05.12.00 
19.04.02 
30.04.04 

19.04.02 
30.04.04 
30.04.04 

30.04.04 
30.04.04 

7,500 
2,000 
20,500 
15,000 
10,000 

55,000 

10,000 
4,000 
6,000 

20,000 

6,000 
4,000 

7,500 
2,000 
20,500 
15,000 
10,000 

55,000

10,000 
4,000 
6,000 

20,000

6,000 
4,000 

10,000 

10,000

Exercise 
price 
pence 

Date
from which 
exercisable 

118.5 
151 
151 
171 
208 

Apr 2003 
Dec 2003 
Dec 2003 
Apr 2005 
Apr 2007 

Expiry
date

Apr 2010
Dec 2010
Dec 2010
Apr 2012
Apr 2014

171 
208 
208 

Apr 2005 
Apr 2007 
Apr 2007 

Apr 2012
Apr 2014
Apr 2014

208 
208 

Apr 2007 
Apr 2007 

Apr 2014
Apr 2014

No share options were granted to or exercised by Directors during the year.

Share options are granted to Directors in accordance with the terms of reference of the Remuneration Committee (see page 24) to 
provide encouragement to enhance Group performance in the long term and having regard to each employee’s responsibilities, ability 
and contribution. The grant of options is made at market value at the date of grant at no cost to the employee. 

The  above  options  are  only  exercisable  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  performance  criteria  in  relation  to  sustained  improvement  in 
the  financial  performance  of  the  Group.  In  the  case  of  the  above  options  the  Remuneration  Committee  considers  that  a  sustained 
improvement in the financial performance of the Group represents an increase in the adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share of the 
Group of at least 6% above the increase in the Retail Price Index over the 3 year period from the beginning of the financial year in which 
the option was granted.

page

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Phantom Share Scheme
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

Details of share options granted under the Phantom Share Scheme are as follows:

Number of 
Number of
phantom 
phantom
shares 
shares 
Date of  31 December  31 December 
2009 
2008 

grant 

19.12.07 
19.12.07 
12.05.08 
19.12.07 
19.12.07 
12.05.08 
19.12.07 
19.12.07 
12.05.08 

15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 

15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 

Base value 
pence 

Cap value 
pence 

300 
300 
284 
300 
300 
284 
300 
300 
284 

550 
700 
684 
550 
700 
684 
550 
700 
684 

Date
from which 
exercisable 

Dec 2010 
Dec 2011 
May 2012 
Dec 2010 
Dec 2011 
May 2012 
Dec 2010 
Dec 2011 
May 2012 

Expiry
date

Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013
Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013
Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013

D J S Taylor 

D M O’Connor 

I T Hicks 

The above options are only exercisable subject to the satisfaction of performance criteria in relation to a sustained improvement in 
the  financial  performance  of  the  Group.  In  the  case  of  the  above  options  the  Remuneration  Committee  consider  that  a  sustained 
improvement in the financial performance of the Group represents an increase in the adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share of the 
Group of at least 2% per annum above the Retail Price Index over the period from the beginning of the financial year in which the option 
was granted.

The market price of the Company’s shares at the end of the financial year was 275p (2008: 187.5p). The range of prices for the year to 
31 December 2009 was 155p to 299.75p (2008: 307.5p to 180p) per ordinary share.

Gains made by Directors on share options
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited. 

No gains were made by Directors on the exercise of share options during the year or during 2008.

page

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of the Remuneration Committee

(continued)

Pensions
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

The method of provision of pension benefits to Directors changed during 2006. Up to 31 March 2006 benefits were provided through a 
defined benefit scheme, the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme. On 31 March 2006 the accrual of future benefits under this 
scheme ceased and future pension provision was made under a Group Personal Pension arrangement. The disclosures below reflect 
this change.

Pension benefits earned by Directors under the defined benefit scheme were as follows:

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 

The disclosure above is in accordance with London Stock Exchange guidance.

Change in
  benefit over 
the year  
 (excl. inflation) 
£ 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

Accrued 
benefit  
£ 

106,908 
27,689 
27,198 
16,457 

178,252 

Capital
value of
increase 
£

–
–
–
–

–

Increase in 
benefit over 

Transfer 
value at 

Transfer 
Change in
value at  transfer value
the year   31 December  31 December less Directors’
2008   contributions
£

2009 
£ 

  (incl. inflation) 
£ 

£ 

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

1,776,247 
394,136 
302,042 
116,154 

1,516,024 
276,678 
210,443 
69,906 

260,223
117,458
91,599
46,248

2,588,579 

2,073,051 

515,528

The disclosure above is in accordance with the guidance in the Companies Act 2006.

The accrued benefit above is the amount of pension that would be paid each year on retirement based on service to 31 December 2009 
or the date of retirement if earlier.

All transfer values have been calculated on the basis of actuarial advice in accordance with Actuarial Guidance Note GN11. The transfer 
values of the accrued entitlement represent the value of assets that the pension scheme would need to transfer to another pension 
provider on transferring the scheme’s liability in respect of the Directors’ pension benefits that they earned in respect of qualifying 
services. They do not represent the sums payable to the individual Directors.

page

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pensions (continued)
The transfer value above discloses the current value of the increase in accrued benefits that the Director has earned in the period, 
whereas the change in his transfer value discloses the absolute increase or decrease in his transfer value and includes the change in 
value of accrued benefits that results from market volatility affecting the transfer value at the beginning of the period, as well as the 
additional value earned in the year.

All scheme members have the opportunity to pay Additional Voluntary Contributions. Neither the contributions nor the resulting benefits 
are included in the above table.

All executive Directors are deferred members of the Churchill Retirement Benefit Scheme. The pension benefit of A D Roper is funded 
to allow retirement based on accrued service to 31 March 2006 on attaining the age of 60 years. A D Roper did not contribute to the 
scheme. The pension benefit of D J S Taylor is funded to allow retirement between the ages of 60 and 65 with a pension based on accrued 
service to 31 March 2006. The pension benefits of D M O’Connor and I T Hicks are funded to allow retirement at 65 with a pension based 
on accrued service to 31 March 2006.

D J S Taylor, D M O’Connor and I T Hicks are members of the Churchill China 2006 Group Personal Pension Plan. Contributions paid by 
the Group in respect of this scheme were at a rate of 7% of pensionable salary. Only basic salary is pensionable. Contributions made by 
the Group were as follows:

D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
R N Grundy (until resignation) 
I T Hicks 

2009 
£ 

11,480 
11,830 
– 
8,260 

31,570 

2008
£

11,293
11,293
3,640
8,167

34,393

Directors’ service contracts
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

Executive Directors are not appointed on contracts for a fixed duration. All executive Directors have contracts of service which can be 
terminated with a notice period of 12 months from the Company or 6 months from the Director. A D Roper’s service contract was signed 
on 10 September 2009, D J S Taylor’s on 6 October 2009, D M O’Connor’s on 21 March 2000 and I T Hicks’ on 14 September 2009.

Non executive Directors are appointed on fixed term contracts of 2 years duration. Fixed term contracts for non executive Directors 
were signed on the following dates: J N E Sparey and J W Morgan 19 May 2009. R S Kettel has indicated that he will retire after the 2010 
Annual General Meeting.

There are no defined contractual payments in the event of termination of a Directors’ service contract.

page

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of the Remuneration Committee

(continued)

Directors’ interests
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

The interests of the Directors and their immediate families and family trusts at 31 December 2009 in the 10p ordinary shares of the 
Company were as follows:

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
R S Kettel 
D M O’Connor 
J N E Sparey 
I T Hicks  
J W Morgan 

2009 

2008

864,930 
13,500 
15,000 
5,599 
43,100 
2,500 
28,000 

864,930
13,500
25,000
5,599
38,100
2,500
28,000

972,629 

977,629

A D Roper’s non-beneficial shareholdings included above at 31 December 2009 were 202,500 (2008: 202,500) 10p ordinary shares, as 
trustee of various trusts established for the benefit of his children.

A D Roper’s interest in the 10p ordinary shares of the Company at 31 December 2009 represented 7.9% (2008: 7.9%) of the Company’s 
issued share capital.

There has been no change in the interests set out above between 31 December 2009 and 24 March 2010.

page

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance graph
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited. 

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

2004 

2005 

2006 

2007 

2008 

2009

Churchill

AIM

FTSE Fledgling

(Source: Brewin Dolphin)

Over the 5 year period against which the total shareholder return from the Group is being assessed, performance has been substantially 
above that generated by the AIM index and slightly above that shown by the FTSE Fledgling index. Total returns in the year have been 
supported by the general rise in Company valuations and our overall 5 year return has remained positive at an average compound rate 
of over 11%. Over the five year period total shareholder return from the Company has been 69%, whilst that achieved by the AIM index 
as a whole was -31% and the FTSE Fledgling 48%. In the year to 31 December 2009 the overall return from the Company was 56%, the 
AIM index achieved a 68% return and the FTSE Fledgling index 79%.

In the opinion of the Directors the above indices are the most appropriate indices against which to measure the total shareholder return 
of Churchill China plc as they are constituted of businesses of similar size to the Group.

On behalf of the Board

J W Morgan

Chairman of the Remuneration Committee

24 March 2010

page

31

 
Corporate Governance

This statement is unaudited.
As a Company quoted on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange, the Company is not required to comply 
with the Principles of Good Governance and Code of Best Practice (“the Combined Code”), however the Board supports the standards 
required by the Combined Code and seeks to comply with the principles of the Code as far as practically possible.

The Board of Directors
The Board is currently composed of 4 executive and 3 non executive Directors and meets at least 11 times per year. It is felt that the 
current composition and operation of the Board is adequate to ensure a balance of power and authority. The non executive members of 
the Board take an active and influential part in Board procedures and a senior independent non executive Director, R S Kettel, has been 
formally appointed.

The Combined Code recommends that the Boards of listed companies include at least 3 independent non executive Directors. J N E 
Sparey, R S Kettel and J W Morgan are all considered to be independent. 

In addition to a formal agenda covering financial control, management and business development, there is appropriate debate addressing 
areas outside the regular agenda to ensure that all Directors are able to take an informed view of the progress of the business. The 
nature  of  the  organisational  structure  of  the  Group  allows  executive  Directors  to  maintain  a  close  involvement  in  all  aspects  of  the 
Group’s operations. A schedule of matters reserved for Board decision is maintained and a procedure exists to allow Directors access 
to independent professional advice if required.

The following table shows the attendance of Directors at Board meetings through the year.

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
R S Kettel 
D M O’Connor 
J N E Sparey 
I T Hicks 
J W Morgan 

Meetings  
held 

Meetings
attended

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

11
12
12
11
12
12
12

The Directors consider that the Board of Directors include key management for all areas of the business and that there are no other key 
management which require disclosure.

There are 2 principal sub-committees of the Board.

The Audit Committee, which is wholly composed of non executive Directors, meets at least twice per year to receive reports from executive 
management and external auditors and is normally attended by the Finance Director. The Audit Committee is chaired by R S Kettel.

The Remuneration Committee is wholly composed of non executive Directors and is normally attended by the Chief Executive Officer 
who takes no part in discussions on his own remuneration. The Remuneration Committee is chaired by J W Morgan.

Terms of reference for both Committees and a remuneration policy statement have been agreed by the Board.

The Company does not have a Nomination Committee as new Board appointments are discussed by the Board as a whole, rather than 
by delegation to a Committee.

page

32

 
 
Internal control
The  Board  of  Directors  has  overall  responsibility  for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal  control  and  is  responsible  for  reviewing  its 
effectiveness. This system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and provides 
reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss.

The Board has established a system for ongoing review of risk assessment and management procedures to ensure that the controls on which 
it places reliance are operating satisfactorily and that new risks to which the business becomes exposed through its activities are recognised 
and appropriate controls implemented. These procedures have been in operation throughout the year and in the period to the date of this report.

The risks to which the Group is exposed are formally reviewed by the Board twice a year. More regular reviews of individual risk areas 
are  carried  out  and  the  results  reported  to  the  Board.  Operational  responsibility  for  each  of  the  main  risk  areas  has  been  clearly 
identified and are allocated to either Directors of the Company or of the Company’s principal operating subsidiary Churchill China (UK) 
Limited, under the supervision of the Board as a whole. Individual managers and employees are also aware, where appropriate, of their 
responsibilities in both identifying and controlling risk.

The  Company’s  systems  in  relation  to  risk  assessment  and  control  seek  to  ensure  that  as  part  of  the  normal  process  of  business 
management material risks are identified and brought to the attention of the Board. Directors review risk as part of a regular programme 
of  meetings  covering  both  general  business  processes  and  specific  risk  areas.  A  system  of  reporting  is  in  place  to  provide  control 
information on key risk areas within reports submitted to the Board and reviewed. In addition to this Directors and managers are aware 
of their responsibility to monitor both changes in business activity and changes to the economic legislative environment in which the 
Company operates. Potential new risk areas have been identified and control procedures documented.

The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal control during the year.

Internal audit
The Company does not employ an internal audit department and does not believe that, given the size and structure of the business, the 
geographic proximity of its major operations and the close control effected by the involvement of executive Directors in the day to day 
running of the business, such a department would provide an effective means of gaining significant improvements in internal control. 
The requirement for an internal audit function is reviewed annually.

Internal financial control 
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group’s systems of internal financial control which it exercises through an organisational 
structure with authorisation, monitoring and reporting procedures which are appropriate to the needs of the business. These systems have been 
designed to give the Board reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. The principal features of the Group’s 
system of internal financial control are: the maintenance of a control environment in which the need for the highest standards of behaviour 
and integrity are communicated to employees; the use of a detailed reporting system covering performance against comprehensive financial 
and other key operating indicators. The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the operation and effectiveness of the system of internal 
financial control during the year. The Board have responded to this review with management and work to address the areas identified.

Going concern
The Board confirms that having made enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group and the Company have 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing financial statements.

By order of the Board

D J S Taylor

Company Secretary

24 March 2010

page

33

Independent Auditors’ Report to the 
Members of Churchill China plc

We have audited the Group and parent Company financial statements (the ‘‘financial statements’’) of Churchill China plc for the year 
ended 31 December 2009 which comprise the Consolidated Income Statement, the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, 
the Consolidated Balance Sheet, the Company Balance Sheet, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated Cash 
Flow Statement, the Reconciliation of Operating Profit to Net Cash Inflow from Continuing Activities and the related notes. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Group financial statements is applicable law and International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting framework that has been applied 
in the preparation of the parent Company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Respective responsibilities of Directors and auditors
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement set out on page 23, the Directors are responsible for the preparation 
of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit the financial statements 
in accordance with applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with 
the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors.

This report, including the opinions, has been prepared for and only for the Company’s members as a body in accordance with Chapter 3 
of part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and for no other purpose. We do not, in giving these opinions, accept or assume responsibility for 
any other purpose or to any other person to whom this report is shown or into whose hands it may come save where expressly agreed 
by our prior consent in writing.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements
An  audit  involves  obtaining  evidence  about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements  sufficient  to  give  reasonable 
assurance  that  the  financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  caused  by  fraud  or  error.  This  includes  an 
assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Group’s and parent Company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the Directors; and the 
overall presentation of the financial statements.

Opinion
In our opinion:

l 

l 

l 
l 

l 

the Group financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 31 December 2009 and of its profit 
and cash flows for the year then ended;
the parent Company financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the parent Company’s affairs as at 31 December 
2009;
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union;
the parent financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice; and
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

page

34

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion the information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

l  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 

from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

l 
l  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
l  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Mike Robinson (Senior Statutory Auditor)

for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors

Birmingham

24 March 2010

page

35

Consolidated Income Statement

for the year ended 31 December 2009

Before 

  exceptional  Exceptional

Total 
2009 
£’000 

 item 

2008 

£’000 

item 

2008  

£’000 

Notes 

Revenue 

Operating profit 
Share of results of associate company 

Finance income 

Finance costs 

Profit before income tax 

Income tax expense 

Profit for the year 

Attributable to equity holders of the Company 

Earnings per ordinary share 

Diluted earnings per share 

4 

5 

15 

8 

8 

10 

11 

11 

Total

2008

£’000

41,969

2,804

(71)

658

(29)

3,362

(1,857)

41,705 

41,969 

2,804 

(71) 

658 

(29) 

3,362 

(938) 

2,288 
(18) 
119  
(320) 

2,069 
(513) 

1,556 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(919) 

2,424 

(919) 

1,505

1,556 

2,424 

(919) 

1,505

14.3p 

14.2p 

13.8p

13.7p

All of the above figures relate to continuing operations.

The notes on pages 43 to 76 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The Company has elected to take the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 to not present the parent Company profit and 

loss account. The loss of the parent Company for the year was £23,000 (2008: profit of £24,000).

page

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income

for the year ended 31 December 2009

Net of tax:

Actuarial loss on defined benefit obligations (note 23) 

Currency translation differences 

Other 

Net loss recognised directly in equity  

Profit for the year 

Total comprehensive (expense)/income for the year 

Attributable to:

Equity holders of the Company 

2009 
£’000 

(4,136) 
(14) 
2 

(4,148) 
1,556 

(2,592) 

2008

£’000

(1,022)

43

–

(979)

1,505

526

(2,592) 

526

Amounts in the statement above are disclosed net of tax. The income tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income is 

disclosed in note 10.

The Company has no recognised gains and losses other than those included in its profit and loss account and therefore no separate Statement 

of Total Recognised Gains and Losses has been presented.

page

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet

as at 31 December 2009

Assets

Non current assets

Property, plant and equipment 

Intangible assets 

Investment in associate 

Deferred income tax assets 

Current assets

Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Assets held for sale 

Total assets 

Liabilities

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables 

Current income tax liabilities 

Non current liabilities

Deferred income tax liabilities 

Retirement benefit obligations 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Shareholders’ equity 

Issued share capital 

Share premium account 

Treasury shares 

Other reserves 

Retained earnings 

Total equity 

Notes 

2009 
£’000 

2008

£’000

13 

14 

15 

22 

18 
19 

20 

21 

14,299 
498 
725 
2,163 

17,685 

7,142 
9,031 
6,882 

23,055 
662 

23,717 

41,402 

(6,907) 
(574) 

(7,481) 

22 

23 

(1,676) 
(7,709) 

13,889

397

743

586

15,615

8,477
8,631

7,738

24,846

–

24,846

40,461

(7,466)

(689)

(8,155)

(1,640)

(2,055)

(16,866) 

(11,850)

24,536 

28,611

1,095 
2,332 
(117) 
1,234 
19,992 

24,536 

1,095

2,332

(138)

1,236

24,086

28,611

24 

24 

25 

26 

27 

The notes on pages 43 to 76 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements on pages 36 to 76 were approved by the Board of Directors on 24 March 2010 and were signed on its behalf by:

A D Roper 

Director 

D J S Taylor 

Director

Company number 2709505

page

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Balance Sheet

as at 31 December 2009

Fixed assets

Investment in associate 

Investments in subsidiaries 

Current assets

Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year 

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year 

Cash at bank and in hand 

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 

Net current assets 

Total assets less current liabilities 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves

Called up share capital 

Share premium account 

Treasury shares 

Other reserves 

Profit and loss account 

Total shareholders’ funds 

Notes 

15 

16 

19 

19 

21 

24 

24 

25 

26 

27 

2009 
£’000 

355 
2,195 

2,550 

8,500 
290 
517 

9,307 
(26) 

2008

£’000

355

2,195

2,550

10,181

137

495

10,813

(26)

9,281 

10,787

11,831 

11,831 

1,095 
2,332 
(117) 
69 
8,452 

13,337

13,337

1,095

2,332

(138)

47

10,001

11,831 

13,337

The notes on pages 43 to 76 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements on pages 36 to 76 were approved by the Board of Directors on 24 March 2010 and were signed on its behalf by:

A D Roper 

Director 

D J S Taylor

Director

page

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

for the year ended 31 December 2009

Balance at 1 January 2008 

Comprehensive Income:

  Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income:

  Depreciation transfer – gross 

  Depreciation transfer – tax 

  Actuarial losses – net of tax 

  Currency translation 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners

  Dividends relating to 2007 and 2008 

  Share based payment 

  Treasury shares 

Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 1 January 2009 

Comprehensive Income:

  Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income:

  Depreciation transfer – gross 

  Depreciation transfer – tax 

  Actuarial losses – net of tax 

Currency translation 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners

  Dividends relating to 2008 and 2009 

  Share based payment 

  Treasury shares 

Total transactions with owners 

Retained  

earnings 

Share 

Share 

Treasury 

Other

capital 

premium 

shares 

reserves 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Total

£’000

25,124 

1,095 

2,332 

1,505 

12 

(2) 

(1,022) 

– 

493 

(1,531) 

– 

– 

(1,531) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(138) 

(138) 

1,180 

29,731

– 

1,505

(12) 

2 

– 

43 

33 

– 

23 

– 

23 

–

–

(1,022)

43

526

(1,531)

23

(138)

(1,646)

24,086 

1,095 

2,332 

(138) 

1,236 

28,611

1,556 

12 

– 

(4,136) 

– 

(2,568) 

(1,526) 

– 

– 

(1,526) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

21 

21 

1,556

–

2

(4,136)

(14)

(2,592)

(1,526)

22

21

(1,483)

(12) 

2 

(14) 

(24) 

– 

22 

– 

22 

Balance at 31 December 2009 

19,992 

1,095 

2,332 

(117) 

1,234 

24,536

page

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

for the year ended 31 December 2009

Cash flow from operating activities

Cash generated from operations (see note page 42) 

Interest received* 

Interest paid 

Income tax paid 

Net cash generated from operating activities 

Investing activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment 

Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Purchases of intangible assets 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Financing activities

Issue of ordinary shares 

Purchase of treasury shares 

Dividends paid 

Net cash used in financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
Exchange (losses)/gains on cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

2009 
£’000 

3,439 
119 
– 
(559) 

2,999 

(2,196) 
42 
(194) 

2008

£’000

2,502

444

(29)

(483)

2,434

(4,199)

107
(382)

(2,348) 

(4,474)

21 
– 
(1,526) 

22

(160)

(1,531)

(1,505) 

(1,669)

(854) 

(3,709)

7,738 
(2) 

6,882 

11,440

7

7,738

*  Conventionally interest received is included under the heading ‘Investing activities’; however, the Directors believe that as the Group holds 

cash in support of operating activities it should be disclosed as part of cash generated from operating activities.

page

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of Operating Profit to 
Net Cash Inflow from Operating Activities

Continuing operating activities

Operating profit 

Adjustments for:

Depreciation and amortisation 

Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Charge for share based payments 

Difference between pension service cost and contributions (see note 23)  

Changes in working capital:

Inventory 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade and other payables 

Net cash inflow from operations 

2009 
£’000 

2,288 

1,396 
(14) 
22 
(410) 

1,335 
(415) 
(763) 

3,439 

2008

£’000

2,804

1,070

(35)

23

(240)

(1,817)

1,021

(324)

2,502

page

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

1  Summary of significant accounting policies

The consolidated financial statements of Churchill China plc have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU), IFRIC Interpretations and the Companies Act 2006 applicable 
to  companies  reporting  under  IFRS.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention, 
as  modified  by  the  revaluation  of  land  and  buildings,  available-for-sale  financial  assets,  and  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities 
(including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires 
management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree 
of  judgement  or  complexity,  or  areas  where  assumptions  and  estimates  are  significant  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are 
disclosed in note 3.

(a) New and amended standards adopted by the Group
The Group has adopted the following new and amended IFRSs as of 1 January 2009:

IFRS 7 ‘Financial instruments – Disclosures’ (amendment) – effective 1 January 2009. The amendment requires enhanced disclosures 
about fair value measurement and liquidity risk.

IAS 1 (revised). ‘Presentation of financial statements’ – effective 1 January 2009. The revised standard prohibits the presentation of items 
of income and expenses (that is, ‘non-owner changes in equity’) in the statement of changes in equity, requiring ‘non-owner changes in 
equity’ to be presented separately from owner changes in equity in a statement of comprehensive income. As a result, the Group presents 
in the consolidated statement of changes in equity all owner changes in equity, whereas all non-owner changes in equity are presented 
in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Comparative information has been re-presented so that it also is in conformity 
with the revised standard. As the change in accounting policy only impacts presentation aspects, there is no impact on earnings per share.

IFRS 2 (amendment), ‘Share-based payment’ (effective 1 January 2009) deals with vesting conditions and cancellations. It clarifies that 
vesting conditions are service conditions and performance conditions only. The Group and Company has adopted IFRS 2 (amendment) 
from 1 January 2009.  The amendment does not have a material impact on the Group or Company’s financial statements.

In respect of borrowing costs relating to qualifying assets for which the commencement date for capitalisation is on or after 1 January 
2009, the Group capitalises borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset as part 
of the cost of that asset. The Group previously recognised all borrowing costs as an expense immediately. This change in accounting policy 
was due to the adoption of IAS 23, ‘Borrowing costs’ (2007). The amendment does not have a material impact on the Group or Company’s 
financial statements.

IFRS 8 ‘Operating segments’ (effective 1 January 2009). The standard requires a ‘management approach’ under which segment information 
is presented on the same basis as that used for internal reporting purposes. The implementation of the standard has not altered the 
reported segments presented.

(b) Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been early adopted by the Group.
The  following  standards  and  amendments  to  existing  standards  have  been  published  and  are  mandatory  for  the  Group’s  accounting 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010 or later periods, but the Group has not early adopted them:

IFRIC 17, ‘Distribution of non-cash assets to owners’ (effective on or after 1 July 2009). The interpretation was published in November 
2008. The Group and Company will apply IFRIC 17 from 1 January 2010. It is not expected to have a material impact on the Group or 
Company’s financial statements.

page

43

Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

(b) Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been early adopted by the Group. 
(continued)
IAS 27 (revised), ‘Consolidated and separate financial statements’, (effective from 1 July 2009). The revised standard requires the effects of 
all transactions with non-controlling interests to be recorded in equity if there is no change in control and these transactions will no longer 
result in goodwill or gains and losses. The Group will apply IAS 27 (revised) prospectively to transactions with non-controlling interests 
from 1 January 2010. It is not expected to have a material impact on the Group or Company’s financial statements.

IFRS 3 (revised), ‘Business combinations’ (effective from 1 July 2009). The revised standard continues to apply the acquisition method to 
business combinations, with some significant changes. The Group will apply IFRS 3 (revised) prospectively to all business combinations 
from 1 January 2010.

IAS 38 (amendment), ‘Intangible Assets’. The amendment is part of the IASB’s annual improvements project published in April 2009 and 
the Group and Company will apply IAS 38 (amendment) from the date IFRS 3 (revised) is adopted. The amendment will not result in a 
material impact on the Group or Company’s financial statements.

IFRS  5  (amendment),  ‘Non  current  assets  held  for  sale  and  discontinued  operations’.  The  amendment  is  part  of  the  IASB’s  annual 
improvements project published in April 2009. The amendment provides clarification that IFRS 5 specifies the disclosures required in 
respect of non-current assets (or disposal Groups) classified as held for sale or discontinued operations. It is not expected to have a 
material impact on the Group or Company’s financial statements.

IAS 1 (amendment), ‘Presentation of financial statements’. The amendment is part of the IASB’s annual improvements project published 
in April 2009. The amendment provides clarification that the potential settlement of a liability by the issue of equity is not relevant to its 
classification as current or non current. The Group and Company will apply IAS 1 (amendment) from 1 January 2010. It is not expected to 
have a material impact on the Group or Company’s financial statements.

IFRS 2 (amendments), ‘Group cash-settled share-based payment transactions’ (effective from 1 January 2010). In addition to incorporating 
IFRIC 8, ‘Scope of IFRS 2’, and IFRIC 11, ‘IFRS 2 – Group and treasury share transactions’, the amendments expand on the guidance in 
IFRIC  11  to  address  the  classification  of  Group  arrangements  that  were  not  covered  by  that  interpretation.  The  new  guidance  is  not 
expected to have a material impact on the Group or Company’s financial statements.

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of Churchill China plc include the results of the Company, its subsidiaries and associated companies.

The  financial  statements  of  each  undertaking  in  the  Group  are  prepared  to  the  balance  sheet  date  under  UK  GAAP.  Subsidiaries  and 
associates accounting policies are amended, where necessary, to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by the Group. 
Intra-group transactions are eliminated on consolidation.

(a) Subsidiaries 
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has the power to govern the financial and operating policies generally accompanying a 
shareholding of more than one half of the voting rights. The existence and effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or 
convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date 
on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. 

page

44

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

(a) Subsidiaries (continued)
The  purchase  method  of  accounting  is  used  to  account  for  the  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  by  the  Group.  The  cost  of  an  acquisition  is 
measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange, plus 
costs directly attributable to the acquisition. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business 
combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any minority interest. The excess 
of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the cost 
of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised directly in the income 
statement. 

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between Group companies are eliminated. 

(b) Associates 
Associates  are  all  entities  over  which  the  Group  has  significant  influence  but  not  control,  generally  accompanying  a  shareholding  of 
between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and are 
initially  recognised  at  cost.  The  Group’s  investment  in  associates  includes  goodwill  identified  on  acquisition,  net  of  any  accumulated 
impairment loss. 

The  Group’s  share  of  its  associates’  post-acquisition  profits  or  losses  is  recognised  in  the  income  statement  and  its  share  of  post-
acquisition  movements  in  reserves  is  recognised  in  reserves.  The  cumulative  post-acquisition  movements  are  adjusted  against  the 
carrying amount of the investment. When the Group’s share of losses in an associate equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, 
including  any  other  unsecured  receivables,  the  Group  does  not  recognise  further  losses,  unless  it  has  incurred  obligations  or  made 
payments on behalf of the associate. 

Unrealised  gains  on  transactions  between  the  Group  and  its  associates  are  eliminated  to  the  extent  of  the  Group’s  interest  in  the 
associates. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred.

Dilution in gains and losses arising in investments in associates are recognised in the income statement.

Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a way consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. The chief 
operating decision maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments has been 
identified as Andrew Roper, Chief Executive Officer. Income and expenditure arising directly from a business segment are identified to that 
segment. Income and expenditure arising from central operations which relate to the Group as a whole or cannot reasonably be allocated 
between segments are classified as unallocated.

Revenue

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods provided 
in the normal course of business, net of discounts, rebates and sales related taxes. Sales of goods are recognised when goods have been 
delivered and title in those goods has passed. Rebates are recognised at their anticipated level as soon as any liability is expected to arise 
and are deducted from gross revenue.

Interest income is recognised on a time basis by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividend income is recognised when the Group’s right to receive payment has been established.

page

45

Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Leases

Management  review  new  leases  and  classify  them  as  operating  or  finance  leases  in  accordance  with  the  balance  of  risk  and  reward 
between lessee and the lessor. Lease payments made under operating leases are charged to income on a straight line basis over the term 
of the lease.

Operating profit and exceptional items

Operating  profit  is  stated  both  before  and  after  the  effect  of  exceptional  items  but  before  the  Group’s  share  of  results  in  associate 
companies, impairment of investment in associate companies, finance income and costs and taxation.

The Group has adopted a columnar income statement format which seeks to highlight significant items within the Group results for the 
period. Such items are considered by the Directors to be exceptional in size and nature rather than being representative of the underlying 
trading of the Group, and may include such items as restructuring costs, material impairments of non current assets, material profits and 
losses on the disposal of property, plant and equipment, material increases or reductions in pension scheme costs and material increases 
or decreases in taxation costs as a result of changes in legislation. The Directors apply judgement in assessing the particular items, which 
by virtue of their size and nature are separately disclosed in the income statement and notes to the financial statements as “Exceptional 
items”. The Directors believe that the separate disclosure of these items is relevant in understanding the Group’s financial performance.

Dividends

Dividends  to  the  Company’s  shareholders  are  recognised  as  a  liability  in  the  Group’s  financial  statements  in  the  period  in  which  the 
dividends are paid, following approval by the Company’s shareholders.

Interest received/paid

Interest received and paid is treated in the cash flow statement as a cash flow from operating activities as this reflects the nature of the 
Group’s business.

Retirement benefit costs

The Group operates a defined benefit pension scheme and defined contribution pension schemes. 

The defined benefit scheme is valued every 3 years by a professionally qualified independent Actuary. In intervening years, the Actuary 
reviews  the  continuing  appropriateness  of  the  valuation.  Scheme  liabilities  are  measured  using  the  projected  unit  method  and  the 
amount  recognised  in  the  balance  sheet  is  the  present  value  of  these  liabilities  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  The  discount  rate  used  to 
calculate the present value of liabilities is the interest rate attaching to high quantity corporate bonds. The assets of the scheme are 
held separately from those of the Group and are measured at fair value. The accrual of further benefits under the scheme ceased on 
31 March 2006.

The regular service cost of providing retirement benefits to employees during the year, together with the cost of any benefits relating to 
past service and any benefits arising from curtailments, is charged or credited to operating profit in the year. These costs are included 
within staff costs.

A net credit or cost representing the expected return on the market value of the assets of the scheme during the year less a charge 
representing the expected increase in the present value of the liabilities in the scheme arising from the liabilities of the scheme being one 
year closer to payment is included within finance income or cost. The difference between the market value of assets and the present value 
of accrued pension liabilities is shown as an asset or liability in the balance sheet. 

Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income and expense in the year, together with differences 
arising from changes in actuarial assumptions.

page

46

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Retirement benefit costs (continued)
Costs associated with defined contribution schemes represent contributions payable by the Group during the year and are charged to the 
income statement as incurred. 

Share based payments

Where share options have been issued to employees, the fair value of options at the date of grant is charged to the profit and loss account 
over the period over which the options are expected to vest. The number of ordinary shares expected to vest at each balance sheet date 
are adjusted to reflect non market vesting conditions such that the total charge recognised over the vesting period reflects the number of 
options that ultimately vest. Market vesting conditions are reflected within the fair value of the options granted. If the terms and conditions 
attaching to options are amended before the options vest any change in the fair value of the options is charged to the profit and loss 
account over the remaining period to the vesting date.

National  insurance  contributions  payable  by  the  Company  in  relation  to  unapproved  share  option  schemes  are  provided  for  on  the 
difference between the share price at the balance sheet date and the exercise price of the option where the share price is higher than the 
exercise price. 

Foreign currencies

The individual financial statements of each Group company are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which 
the  Company  operates  (its  functional  currency).  For  the  purpose  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  results  of  each  entity 
are expressed in sterling, which is the functional currency of the Group and is the presentation currency for the consolidated financial 
statements.

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  the  functional  currency  using  the  exchange  rates  prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the 
transactions.  Foreign  exchange gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the settlement  of  such  transactions  and  from  the  translation  at year 
end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income statement. Non 
monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s foreign operations are translated 
at  exchange  rates  prevailing  on  the  balance  sheet  date.  Income  and  expense  items  are  translated  at  average  exchange  rates  for  the 
period. Exchange differences arising, if any, are dealt with through reserves.

In  order  to  manage  its  exposure  to  certain  foreign  exchange  risks,  the  Group  enters  into  forward  currency  contracts  (see  “Derivative 
financial instruments” below).

Derivative financial instruments

The Group’s operations expose it to the financial risks of changes in exchange rates. The Group uses forward currency contracts to mitigate 
this exposure. The Group does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. Changes in the fair value of derivative 
financial instruments are recognised immediately in the income statement as soon as they arise. Contracts are initially recognised at fair 
value. Gains and losses on all derivatives held at fair value outstanding at a balance sheet date are recognised in the income statement.

Hedge accounting is not considered to be appropriate to the above currency risk management techniques and has not been applied.

Taxation

Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax.

Current tax is based on the taxable profit for the year. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been 
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

page

47

Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Taxation (continued) 
Deferred  income  tax  is  provided  in  full,  using  the  liability  method,  on  temporary  differences  arising  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets 
and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred income tax is not accounted for, 
if it arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the 
transaction there is no effect on either accounting or taxable profit or loss. The Group’s liability for deferred tax is calculated using tax 
rates  that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  by  the  balance  sheet  date  or  are  expected  to  apply  when  the  related  deferred 
income tax asset is realised or deferred income tax liability is settled.

Deferred income tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the 
temporary differences can be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities may be set off against each other provided there is a legal right to do so and it is managements’ intention 
to do so.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment is shown at cost, net of depreciation, as adjusted for the revaluation of certain land and buildings.

Depreciation  is  calculated  so  as  to  write  off  the  cost,  less  any  provision  for  impairment,  of  plant,  property  and  equipment,  less  their 
estimated  residual  values  over  the  expected  useful  economic  lives  of  the  assets  concerned.  The  principal  annual  rates  used  for  this 
purpose are:

Freehold buildings 
Plant 
Motor vehicles 
Fixtures and fittings 

%
2 on cost or valuation
10–25 on cost
25 on reducing net book value
25–33 on cost

Freehold land is not depreciated. 

The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. An asset’s carrying 
amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable 
amounts.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets, which comprise computer software, are shown at cost net of amortisation. Amortisation is calculated so as to write off 
the cost, less any provision for impairment, of intangible assets, less their estimated residual values over the expected useful economic 
lives of the assets concerned. The principal annual rate used for this purpose is:

Computer software 

%
33 on cost

The Company has no goodwill.

Impairment of non financial assets

At each reporting date the Directors assess whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indicator exists the 
Group tests for impairment by estimating the recoverable amount of the asset. If the recoverable amount is less than the carrying value 
of an asset an impairment loss is required. In addition to this, assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment at least annually. The 
recoverable amount is measured as the higher of net realisable value or value in use.

page

48

 
 
1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on a first in first out basis and includes, where 
appropriate,  direct  materials,  direct  labour,  overheads  incurred  in  bringing  inventories  to  their  present  location  and  condition  and 
transport and handling costs. Net realisable value is the estimated selling cost less all further costs to sale. Provision is made where 
necessary for obsolete, slow moving and defective inventories.

Available for sale financial assets

Available  for  sale  financial  assets  are  non  derivatives  that  are  either  designated  in  this  category  or  not  classified  to  any  of  the  other 
financial asset categories. They are included in non current assets unless the Directors intend to dispose of the investment within 12 
months of the balance sheet date.

At each reporting date the Directors assess whether there is an indication an asset may be impaired. If any such indicator exists the Group 
tests for impairment by estimating the recoverable amount of the asset. If the recoverable amount is less than the carrying value of an 
asset an impairment loss is required. In addition to this, assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment at least annually.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, 
less provision for impairment. A provision for impairment is established where there is objective evidence that the Group will not be able 
to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. The amount of the provision is the difference between the 
asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate. Trade 
receivables are as defined under IAS 39.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  includes  cash  in  hand,  deposits  held  on  call  with  banks,  other  short-term  highly  liquid  investments  with 
original maturities of 3 months or less, and bank overdrafts. Cash and cash equivalents are as defined under IAS 39.

Non current assets held for sale

Non  current  assets  are  classified  as  being  held  for  sale  when  their  value  is  expected  to  be  recovered  through  disposal  rather  than 
continuing usage within the business and when the future sale is considered to be highly probable. Management must be committed to 
sale which should be expected to be completed to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within 1 year from the date of classification. 
Non current assets are measured at the lower of carrying value and fair value less disposal costs, and are no longer depreciated.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when (i) the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, (ii) it is probable that 
an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and (iii) the amount has been reliably estimated. The Directors estimate 
the amount of provisions required to settle any obligation at the balance sheet date. Provisions are discounted to their present value where 
the effect would be material.

Parent Company significant accounting policies

The  Company  financial  statements  are  prepared  under  UK  GAAP.  The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical 
cost convention in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and applicable accounting standards in the United Kingdom. The principal 
accounting policies applied in the preparation of the Company financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently 
applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

page

49

Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Investments

Fixed  asset  investments,  comprising  investments  in  subsidiary  and  associated  companies,  are  stated  at  cost  less  any  provisions  for 
impairment. Where an event has occurred that gives rise to doubt about the recovery of the carrying value an impairment assessment 
is made. The impairment is calculated by comparing the investments carrying value to the recoverable amount as required by FRS 11 
‘Impairment of fixed assets and goodwill’. 

Other

Policies in relation to dividends and share based payments are the same as the Group accounting policies.

2   Financial risk management

Financial risk factors

The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks; market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow 
interest rate risk), credit risk, price risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk management programme focuses on the unpredictability 
of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance. The Group uses derivative 
financial instruments to manage certain risk exposures.

Financial risk management is carried out by the finance department under policies approved by the Board of Directors.

(a) Market risk
(i) Currency risk
The Group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily in relation 
to the US dollar and Euro. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions, recognised assets and liabilities and net 
investments in foreign operations.

The Group’s treasury risk management policy is to secure all of the contractually certain cash flows (mainly export sales and the purchase 
of inventory) in each major currency. Contractual certainty is considered to be where the Group has received a firm sales order or placed 
a firm purchase order.

At 31 December 2009, if sterling had weakened/strengthened by 5% against the US dollar with all other variables held constant, post tax 
profit for the year would have been £9,000 (2008: £46,000) lower/higher, mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains/losses on translation 
of US dollar denominated trade payables and cash balances. Equity would have been a further £9,000 (2008: £8,000) higher/lower mainly 
as a result of differences in the translation of US dollar investments in subsidiary undertakings. If sterling had weakened/strengthened by 
5% against the Euro with all other variables held constant, post tax profit for the year would have been £157,000 (2008: £195,000) higher/
lower, mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains/losses on translation of Euro denominated trade receivables and cash balances. There 
would have been no substantial other changes in Equity.

(ii) Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk
The Group holds significant interest bearing assets and its finance income and operating cash flows are linked to changes in market 
interest rates. The Group has no significant short or long-term borrowings.

The Group identifies cash balances in excess of short and medium-term working capital requirements (see liquidity risk) and invests these 
balances in short and medium-term money market deposits.

At 31 December 2009, had the rates achieved been 0.1% higher/lower with all other variables held constant then post tax profit for the year 
would have been £5,000 (2008: £9,000) higher/lower. Other components of equity would have been unchanged.

page

50

 
2   Financial risk management (continued)

(b) Credit risk
Credit risk is managed on a Group basis. Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and credit exposures including outstanding 
trade  receivables  and  committed  transactions.  For  banks  with  which  the  Group  places  balances  on  deposit,  only  independently  rated 
parties with a minimum rating of ‘A’ are accepted. 

Cash and cash equivalents are as follows:

Lloyds Banking Group plc 
National Westminster Bank plc 
Other 

Credit 
rating 

AA- 
AA- 
Min A 

2009 
£’000 

6,427 
25 
430 

6,882 

2008
£’000

740
6,613
385

7,738

Risk attached to the receipt of UK trade receivables is largely controlled through the assessment of the credit quality of each customer, 
taking into account its financial position, past experience and third party credit information. Risks attaching to export trade receivables are 
controlled through the use of export credit insurance and confirmed letters of credit. Where these cannot be obtained the credit control 
department assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and other factors.

The Group manages its debt position and considers it is in a position of having limited credit risk (see note 19). 

(c) Price risk 
As explained in the Directors’ report, the Group results are affected by changes in market prices. The risk attached to this is managed by 
close relationships with suppliers and ongoing product development.

(d) Liquidity risk 
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and available funding through committed credit facilities. Liquidity 
risk is managed on a Group basis with expected cash flows being monitored against current cash and cash equivalents and committed 
borrowing facilities.

The Group has no long-term borrowing and funds its operations from its own cash reserves and the Directors do not consider there to be 
significant liquidity risk. All liabilities are generally due within 3 months.

Capital risk management

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, to provide finance for 
the long-term development of the business and to generate returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders in the business.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to 
shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

The Group currently has no debt.

Fair value estimation

The carrying value less impairment provision of trade and other receivables and trade and other payables are assumed to approximate 
their fair values.

page

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

3   Critical accounting estimates and judgements

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of 
future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal 
the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying 
amount of assets and liabilities are discussed below.

(a) Net realisable value of excess inventories:
The Group identifies inventory where it is believed that the quantity held is in excess of that which may be realised at normal price levels. 
The realisable value of this inventory is assessed taking into account the estimated sales price less further costs of sale. If the estimated 
net realisable value of excess inventories were to be 10% higher or lower than management’s estimates the value of this provision would 
change by £342,000 (2008: £306,000).

(b) Pension benefits:
The present value of the pension obligations depend on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis using a number of 
assumptions. The assumptions used in determining the net cost or income for pensions include the discount rate. Any changes in these 
assumptions will impact the carrying amount of pension obligations.

The Group determines the appropriate discount rate at the end of each year. This is the interest rate that should be used to determine the 
present value of estimated future cash outflows expected to be required to settle the pension obligations. In determining the appropriate 
discount rate the Group considers the interest rates of high quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the 
benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability.

Other key assumptions for pension obligations are based in part on current market conditions. Additional information is disclosed in note 
23.

(c) Recognition of deferred tax assets
The Group reassesses each year whether it is appropriate to recognise the deferred tax assets in the financial statements based upon the 
likelihood that the assets can be recovered. The assessment is based on the expected reversal of temporary timing differences.

4   Segmental analysis 

Management has determined the operating segments are based on the reports reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker and the 
Strategic Steering Committee of the Board that are used to make strategic decisions. The Board considers the business primarily based 
on the market and product groups, but also from a geographic perspective. Geographically, management considers the performance in 
relation to the UK, rest of Europe, North America and Rest of the World.

The reportable operating product segments derive their revenue primarily from the sale of ceramic products to the Retail and Hospitality 
sectors.

The Board assesses the performance of the operating segments based on the measure of operating profit, as analysed in the management 
accounts. This measurement basis excludes the effects of non-recurring expenditure from the operating segments such as restructuring 
costs and goodwill impairments when the impairment is the result of an isolated, non-recurring event. The measure also excludes the 
effects of equity-settled share-based payments and unrealised gains/losses on financial instruments. Interest income and expenditure 
are not allocated to segments, as this type of activity is driven by the central treasury function, which manages the cash position of the 
Group. Since the Strategic Steering Committee reviews operating profit, the results of discontinued operations are not included in the 
measure of operating profit. 

page

52

4   Segmental analysis (continued)

(a) Primary reporting format – business segments

The business is managed in 2 main business segments – hospitality and retail.

Revenue from external customers 

24,554 

17,151 

– 

41,705

31 December 2009

  Hospitality 
£’000 

Retail  Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

Group
£’000

Contribution to Group overheads excluding depreciation 
Depreciation 

Operating profit 
Share of results of associated Company 
Finance income 
Finance cost 

Profit before income tax 

 4,183 
(894) 

 1,911 
(185) 

(2,410) 
(317) 

3,289 

1,726 

(2,727) 

3,684
(1,396)

2,288
(18)
119
(320)

2,069

31 December 2008

  Hospitality 
£’000 

Retail  Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

Group
£’000

Revenue from external customers 

24,952 

17,017 

– 

41,969

Contribution to Group overheads excluding depreciation 
Depreciation 

Operating profit 
Share of results of associated Company 
Finance income 
Finance cost 

Profit before income tax 

 4,318 
(650) 

 1,948 
(239) 

(2,392) 
(181) 

3,668 

1,709 

(2,573) 

3,874
(1,070)

2,804
(71)
658
(29)

3,362

The ‘Unallocated’ Group overheads principally comprise costs associated with the centralised functions of the parent Company Board, 
finance and administration and information technology.

There are no material inter-segment revenues (2008: £nil). Any inter-segment revenues are carried out on an arms length basis.

Revenue from external parties is measured in a manner consistent with the consolidated income statement.

Segment assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment, inventories, trade and other receivables. Unallocated assets comprise 
intangible assets, investment in associates, available-for-sale financial assets, deferred taxation and cash and cash equivalents.

Segment liabilities comprise trade and other payables. Unallocated liabilities comprise items such as trade and other payables, current 
taxation, deferred taxation and retirement benefit obligations.

page

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

4   Segmental analysis (continued)

(a) Primary reporting format – business segments (continued)
Capital expenditure comprises additions to property, plant and equipment (note 13) and intangible assets (note 14). 

Segment assets and liabilities at 31 December 2009 and capital expenditure for the year ended on that date are as follows:
Retail  Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

  Hospitality 
£’000 

Segment assets and liabilities at 31 December 2008 and capital expenditure for the year ended on that date are as follows:
Retail  Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

  Hospitality 
£’000 

Group
£’000

33,535
7,142
725

Group
£’000

31,241
8,477
743

14,642 
4,481 
– 

7,234 
2,661 
– 

11,659 
– 
725 

19,123 

9,895 

12,384 

41,402

3,225 

1,455 

12,186 

16,866

794 

1,531 

273 

2,598

14,321 
5,069 
– 

6,893 
3,408 
– 

10,027 
– 
743 

19,390 

10,301 

10,770 

40,461

3,283 

2,479 

6,087 

11,849

3,636 

190 

755 

4,581

Assets excluding inventories 
Inventories 
Investment in associates 

Total assets 

Total liabilities 

Capital expenditure  

Assets excluding inventories 
Inventories 
Investment in associates 

Total assets 

Total liabilities 

Capital expenditure  

Any sales between segments are carried out on an arms length basis. Revenue from external parties is measured in a manner consistent 
with the income statement.

(b) Secondary reporting format – geographical segments

The Group’s 2 business segments operate in 4 main geographical segments, even though they are managed on a worldwide basis.

Geographical segment – Revenue

United Kingdom 
Rest of Europe 
North America 
Other 

2009 
£’000 

28,453 
6,973 
3,628 
2,651 

41,705 

2008
£’000

27,538
8,236
3,165
3,030

41,969

The total assets of the business are allocated as follows:
United Kingdom £40,489,000 (2008: £39,781,000), Rest of Europe £31,000 (2008: £64,000), North America £852,000 (2008: £564,000), Other 
£30,000 (2008: £52,000). 

Capital expenditure was made as follows:
United Kingdom £2,596,000 (2008: £4,580,000), Other £2,000 (2008: £1,000).

page

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5   Expenses by nature

Changes in inventories of finished goods and work in progress 
Raw materials used 
Purchase of goods for resale 
Employee benefit expense (note 7) 
Other external charges 
Depreciation and amortisation charges 
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Foreign exchange gains 

Total 
2009 
£’000 

1,358 
2,113 
9,766 
14,258 
10,691 
1,396 
(14) 
(151) 

Total
2008
£’000

(1,810)
2,325
11,402
15,817
11,048
1,070
(35)
(652)

Total cost of sales distribution costs and administrative expenses 

39,417 

39,165

Exceptional items

Please refer to note 10 for disclosures relating to the exceptional taxation provision made in 2008. 

6   Average number of people employed

The average monthly number of persons (including executive Directors) employed by the Group during the year was:

By activity

Production 
Sales and administration 

The Company had no employees (2008: none).

2009 
Number 

2008
Number

278 
232 

510 

372
227

599

page

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

7   Employee benefit expense

Staff costs (for the employees shown in note 6)

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Defined contribution pension cost (see note 23) 
Other pension costs (see note 23) 
Share options granted to directors and employees (see note 24) 

2009 
£’000 

12,605 
1,080 
404 
147 
22 

14,258 

 2008
£’000

13,972
1,200
459
163
23

15,817

Directors’ emoluments

The statutory disclosures for Directors’ emoluments, being the aggregate emoluments, the aggregate amount of gains made by Directors 
on the exercise of share options and the amount of money receivable by Directors under long-term incentive plans in respect of qualifying 
services have been included within the Remuneration Report. In addition statutory disclosures in respect of the number of Directors to 
whom retirement benefits are accruing is disclosed.

Company

The Company did not make any payments to employees (2008: nil).

8   Finance income and costs

Interest income on cash and cash equivalents 
Interest on pension scheme (note 23) 

Finance income 

Interest on pension scheme (note 23) 
Other interest 

Finance costs 

Net finance (cost)/income 

9   Auditors’ remuneration

Amounts paid to the Group’s auditors were as follows: 

Audit services – audit of subsidiaries 
Audit services – audit of parent and consolidated financial statements (Company £1,500, 2008: £1,500) 
Non-audit services – taxation advice 

page

56

2009 
£’000 

2008
£’000

119 
– 

119 

(320) 
– 

(320) 

(201) 

2009 
£’000 

63 
7 
26 

96 

444
214

658

–
(29)

(29)

629

2008
£’000

69
7
34

110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10  Income tax expense

Group

Current tax – current year 

– adjustment in respect of prior periods 

Deferred tax (note 21)
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 

Income tax expense before exceptional item 
Origination of temporary differences – exceptional 

Income tax expense 

2009 
£’000 

589 
(145) 

444 

69 

513 
– 

513 

2008
£’000

789
(109)

680

258

938
919

1,857

In 2008, the UK tax regime in relation to Industrial Buildings Allowances (IBAs) was changed following the enactment of certain provisions 
contained in the Finance Act 2008. As a result IBAs are now being phased out in the period to 2011. The Group provided £919,000 in 2008 
for the deferred tax liability arising from this change and the charge was treated as exceptional. There was no cash outflow in relation to 
this change in that year.

The tax on the Group’s profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the weighted average tax rate applicable 
to profit of the consolidated entities as follows:

Profit before income tax 
Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in the respective countries 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Adjustment in respect of prior periods 
Deferred tax on withdrawal of IBAs (see above) 
Other 

Tax charge 

The weighted average applicable tax rate was 28% (2008: 28.5%).

2009 
£’000 

2,069 
579 
17 
(145) 
– 
62 

513 

2008
£’000

3,362
959
20
(109)
919
68

1,857

During the year a credit of £1,608,000 (2008: £397,000) in relation to deferred tax arising from actuarial gains and losses on the Group’s 
defined benefit pension obligation and a credit of £2,000 (2008: £nil) in relation to the reversal of deferred taxation on the revaluation of 
land and buildings were adjusted directly within equity.

page

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

11  Earnings per ordinary share

The basic earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and on 10,904,065 (2008: 10,923,038) ordinary shares, being 
the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

The adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and adjusted to take into account exceptional items. 
The Directors believe that adjusted earnings per share more closely reflects the underlying performance of the Group.

Basic earnings per share (based on earnings £1,556,000 (2008: £1,505,000)) 
Adjustment – exceptional item:
Deferred taxation – Industrial Buildings Allowances (£nil (2008: £919,000)) (note 10) 

Adjusted basic earnings per share 

2009 
  Pence per 
share 

2008
Pence per
share

14.3 

– 

14.3 

13.8

8.4

22.2

Diluted earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and on 10,934,139 (2008: 10,965,990) ordinary shares, being the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year of 10,904,065 (2008: 10,923,038) increased by 30,074 (2008: 42,952) 
shares, being the weighted average number of ordinary shares which would have been issued if the outstanding options to acquire shares 
in the Group had been exercised at the average share price during the year. Adjusted diluted adjusted earnings per ordinary share is based 
on the profit after income tax and adjusted to take into account exceptional items.

Diluted earnings per share (based on earnings £1,556,000 (2008: £1,505,000)) 
Adjustment – exceptional item:
Deferred taxation – Industrial Buildings Allowances (£nil (2008: £919,000)) (note 10) 

Adjusted diluted earnings per share 

12  Dividends

The dividends paid in the year were as follows:

Ordinary 

Final 2008 9.2p per 10p ordinary share (Final 2007: 9.2p) 
Interim 2009 4.8p per 10p ordinary share paid (Interim 2008: 4.8p)  

2009 
  Pence per 
share 

2008 
Pence per
share

14.2 

– 

14.2 

2009 
£’000 

1,003 
523 

1,526 

13.7

8.4

22.1

2008
£’000

1,007
524

1,531

A dividend of 9.2p per share in respect of the year to 31 December 2009 amounting to £1,004,000 was declared on 17 February 2010 and 
paid on 12 March 2010. The Directors do not recommend the payment of any further dividend in respect of 2009 and a motion confirming 
this will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

page

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13  Property, plant and equipment

The Company has no property, plant and equipment (2008: none). Details of those relating to the Group are as follows:

Group
At 1 January 2008

Cost  
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2008

Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Disposals  
Depreciation charge 

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2008

Cost  
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2009

Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Disposals  
Transfer to current assets 
Depreciation charge 

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2009

Cost  
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Freehold 
land and 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant 
£’000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

Fixtures
and
fittings 
£’000 

Total
£’000

9,436 
(1,573) 

14,523 
(12,370) 

7,863 

2,153 

7,863 
2,067 
– 
(143) 

2,153 
1,478 
– 
(573) 

9,787 

3,058 

11,503 
(1,716) 

14,696 
(11,638) 

9,787 

3,058 

9,787 
707 
– 
(662) 
(172) 

3,058 
1,325 
– 
– 
(761) 

9,660 

3,622 

11,104 
(1,444) 

15,864 
(12,242) 

9,660 

3,622 

880 
(347) 

533 

533 
300 
(72) 
(177) 

584 

956 
(372) 

584 

584 
70 
(29) 
– 
(145) 

480 

958 
(478) 

480 

2,185 
(1,921) 

27,024
(16,211)

264 

10,813

264 
354 
– 
(158) 

10,813
4,199
(72)
(1,051)

460 

13,889

1,946 
(1,486) 

29,101
(15,212)

460 

13,889

460 
286 
– 
– 
(209) 

13,889
2,388
(29)
(662)
(1,287)

537 

14,299

2,231 
(1,694) 

30,157
(15,858)

537 

14,299

page

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

14  Intangible assets

The Company has no intangible fixed assets (2008: none). Details of these relating to the Group are as follows:

Group 
At 1 January 2008

Cost 
Accumulated amortisation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2008

Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Amortisation charge 

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2008

Cost 
Accumulated amortisation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2009

Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Amortisation charge 

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2009

Cost 
Accumulated amortisation 

Net book amount 

page

60

Computer
software
£’000

196
(162)

34

34
382
(19)

397

578
(181)

397

397
210
(109)

498

788
(290)

498

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15  Investment in associate

Cost 
At 1 January  
Share of loss 

At 31 December  

Impairment 
At 1 January  
Impairment of investment in associate 

At 31 December  

Net book value
Closing net book amount 

Group 
2009 
£’000 

1,467 
(591) 

876 

724 
(573) 

151 

725 

Group 
2008 
£’000 

Company 
2009 
£’000 

Company
2008
£’000

1,487 
(20) 

1,467 

673 
51 

724 

743 

355 
– 

355 

– 
– 

– 

355
–

355

–
–

–

355 

355

The investment in associate represents a holding of 34.4% of the issued £1 ordinary shares of Furlong Mills Limited, a company registered 
in England, whose principal activity is that of a potters miller. 

Share of associate’s assets 
Share of associate’s liabilities 

Share of associate’s net assets 

2009 
£’000 

1,260 
(336) 

924 

2008
£’000

1,932
(417)

1,515

The total revenue of Furlong Mills Limited for its year ended 31 December 2009 was £5,343,000 (2008: £5,928,000) and loss before tax was 
£1,717,000 including an exceptional loss of £1,650,000 (2008: loss £124,000). During the year the Group purchased raw materials to a value 
of £1,437,000 (2008: £1,672,000) from Furlong Mills Limited. 

The Group has historically carried its investment in Furlong Mills Limited at a net amount after an impairment reflecting the Board’s view 
of the recoverable amount of the investment. In the year to 31 December 2009 Furlong Mills Limited has performed an impairment review 
of its property, plant and equipment and has reduced the carrying value of these assets in its company balance sheet. The Group has 
consequently released an equivalent amount reflecting its share of this impairment.

The difference between the carrying value of the Group’s interest in associate and the share of associate’s net assets reflects the remaining 
impairment charged in the Group’s accounts and adjustments in relation to accounting policies.

In the Group’s consolidated financial statements the investment is accounted for on the equity basis. Within the Company’s accounts the 
investment is shown at historic cost.

page

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

16  Investment in subsidiaries 

Company 
Cost or valuation

At 1 January and 31 December 2009 

Impairment

At 1 January 2008 
Impairment during the year 

At 31 December 2009 

Net book value
At 31 December 2009 

2009 
£’000 

2,627 

432 
– 

432 

2008
£’000

2,627

424
8

432

2,195 

2,195

The  impairment  in  2008  reduced  the  carrying  value  of  the  Company’s  investment  in  a  number  of  dormant  subsidiaries,  to  match  the 
underlying net asset value of the subsidiaries concerned.

Interests in Group undertakings

Interests in Group undertakings comprise the cost of investments in subsidiary undertakings. The principal operating subsidiaries of the 
Group are as follows:

Name of Company 

 Proportion of
nominal
value
of issued 
held  shares held 

  Description  
of shares 

Country of 
incorporation 

Principal activity

Churchill China (UK) Limited 

England and Wales 

Ordinary 

Churchill Ceramics (UK) Limited 

England and Wales 

Ordinary 

Churchill China, Inc  

USA 

Ordinary 

100%  Manufacture and sale of 
ceramic and related 
products
100%  Provision of management 
and property services 
within the Group
Sale of ceramic and 
related products

100% 

Dormant companies within the Group are not included in the above analysis.

page

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17  Available for sale financial assets

Fair value/Cost

At 1 January and 31 December 2009 

Impairment

At 1 January and 31 December 2009 

Fair value/Net book value

At 1 January and 31 December 2009  

Company

Group 
Available
for sale
financial 

Other
assets  investments
£’000
£’000 

– 

– 

– 

43

43

–

The above represents 35.9% (2008: 35.9%) of the issued ordinary share capital of Shraff Management Limited, a company registered in 
England and Wales. The Directors do not consider that the investment in Shraff Management Limited should be accounted for as an 
associate as Churchill China plc is not in a position to and does not exercise significant influence over Shraff Management Limited, taking 
into account other large third party shareholdings. 

18  Inventories

The Company has no inventory (2008: none). Details of inventory relating to the Group are as follows:

Raw materials 
Work in progress 
Finished goods 

2009 
£’000 

56 
396 
6,690 

7,142 

2008
£’000

33
530
7,914

8,477

The Directors do not consider there is a material difference between the carrying value and replacement cost of inventories.

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense and included in the income statements amounted to £23,872,000 (2008: £24,622,000).

page

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

19  Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables 
Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables 

Trade receivables – net 
Other 
Prepayments 
Receivables from related parties (note 29) 

Less non current portion: loans to related parties 

Current portion 

Group 

Company

2009 
£’000 

8,717 
(147) 

8,570 
152 
309 
– 

9,031 
– 

9,031 

2008 
£’000 

8,559 
(108) 

8,451 
5 
175 
– 

8,631 
– 

8,631 

2009 
£’000 

– 
– 

– 
150 
– 
8,640 

8,790 
8,500 

290 

2008
£’000

–
–

–
–
–
10,318

10,318
10,181

137

All non current receivables are due within 5 years from the balance sheet date.

The Group operates a credit risk management policy. Risk attached to the receipt of UK trade receivables is largely controlled through 
the assessment of the credit quality of each customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and third party credit 
information. Risks attaching to export trade receivables are controlled through the use of export credit insurance and confirmed letters of 
credit. Where these cannot be obtained the credit control department assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its 
financial position, past experience and other factors.

Trade receivables that are less than 3 months past due and not covered by insurance arrangements are not considered impaired unless 
there is specific evidence to the contrary. 

As of 31 December 2009, trade receivables of £7,758,000 (2008: £7,570,000) were fully performing.

As of 31 December 2009, trade receivables of £599,000 (2008: £867,000) were past due but not impaired. The ageing of these receivables 
is as follows:

2009 
£’000 

548 
46 
5 

599 

2008
£’000

795
53
19

867

Up to 3 months 
3 to 6 months 
Over 6 months 

page

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19  Trade and other receivables (continued)

As of 31 December 2009 trade receivables with a gross value of £360,000 (2008: £122,000) were impaired and provided for. The amount 
of provision for 31 December 2009 was £147,000 (2008: £108,000). The individually impaired receivables relate to customers which are in 
unexpectedly difficult economic conditions. It was assessed that a portion of the receivables is expected to be recovered. The ageing of 
these receivables is as follows:

Up to 3 months 
3 to 6 months 
Over 6 months 

The Directors consider that the carrying value of trade and other receivables is approximate to their fair value.

Movements on the Group provision for impairment of trade receivables are as follows:

At 1 January  
Provision for receivables impairment 
Receivables written off during the year as uncollectible 

At 31 December 

2009 
£’000 

308 
33 
19 

360 

2009 
£’000 

108 
147 
(108) 

147 

2008
£’000

107
–
15

122

2008
£’000

9
108
(9)

108

The creation and release of provision for impaired receivables have been included in ‘other external charges’ in the income statement 
(note 5). Amounts charged to the allowance account are generally written off, when there is no expectation of recovering additional cash.

The other classes are within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following currencies:

Pounds 
Euros 
US dollar 

2009 
£’000 

6,965 
726 
1,340 

9,031 

2008
£’000

6,258
763
1,610

8,631

page

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

19  Trade and other receivables (continued)

During the year the Group had gains of £151,000 (2008: £652,000) on forward option contracts that have been recognised in the Income 
Statement and as at 31 December held forward exchange contracts for the sale of Euro of £444,000 (2008: £1,298,000) and the sale of US 
dollars of £484,000 (2008: £696,000). These contracts are held at their fair value with a gain of £7,000 (2008: loss of £149,000) recognised 
in relation to the contracts outstanding at the year end. 

Company

As of 31 December 2009, Company receivables of £8,790,000 (2008: £10,318,000) were fully performing.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s receivables are denominated in the following currencies:

Pounds 
US dollar 

20  Assets held for sale

Land and buildings 

2009 
£’000 

8,758 
32 

8,790 

2009 
£’000 

662 

2008
£’000

10,289
29

10,318

2008
£’000

–

The above amount represents the carrying value of certain land and buildings in Stoke on Trent, held as an asset for sale. The assets 
are  held  within  unallocated  assets  in  the  segmental  analysis  (see  note  4).  The  assets  will  be  sold  upon  agreement  of  an  appropriate 
contractual offer.

21  Trade and other payables

Trade payables 
Amounts due to related parties 
Social security and other taxes 
Accrued expenses 

Group 

Company

2009 
£’000 

1,985 
24 
753 
4,145 

6,907 

2008 
£’000 

3,432 
45 
578 
3,411 

7,466 

2009 
£’000 

2008
£’000

– 
13 
12 
1 

26 

–
13
10
3

26

All the above liabilities mature within 12 months from 31 December 2009.

Note 19 shows the losses/gains on forward option contracts that have been recognised in the income statement. As at 31 December 2009 
the Group held forward exchange contracts for the purchase of US dollars of £nil (2008: £nil). These contracts are held at their fair value 
with a gain of £nil (2008: £nil) recognised in relation to the contracts outstanding at the year end.

page

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22  Deferred income tax 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current 
tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority. The offset amounts are as follows:

Group 

Deferred tax assets:
– Deferred tax asset to be recovered after more than 12 months 
– Deferred tax asset to be recovered within 12 months 

Deferred tax liabilities:
– Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered after more than 12 months 
– Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered within 12 months 

Deferred tax assets/(liabilities) (net) 

The gross movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows:

At 1 January  
Income statement charge (note 10) 
Tax credited directly to equity (note 27) 

At 31 December  

2009 
£’000 

2,062 
101 

2,163 

(1,652) 
(24) 

(1,676) 

487 

2009 
£’000 

(1,054) 
(69) 
1,610 

487 

2008
£’000

576
10

586

(1,637)
(3)

(1,640)

(1,054)

2008
£’000

(274)
(1,177)
397

(1,054)

The movement in deferred income tax assets and liabilities during the year, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances 
within the same tax jurisdiction, is as follows:

Deferred tax liabilities 

At 1 January 2008 
Charged to the income statement 

At 31 December 2008 
Charged to the income statement 
Credited directly to equity 

At 31 December 2009 

  Accelerated 
tax 

Land and
buildings
  depreciation  revaluation 
£’000 

£’000 

239 
1,050 

1,289 
38 
– 

353 
(2) 

351 
– 
(2) 

Total
£’000

592
1,048

1,640
38
(2)

1,327 

349 

1,676

page

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

22  Deferred income tax (continued)

Deferred tax assets 

At 1 January 2008 
Charged to the income statement 
Credited directly to equity 

At 31 December 2008 
Charged to the income statement 
Credited directly to equity 

At 31 December 2009 

The deferred income tax credited to equity during the past year is as follows:

Fair value reserves in shareholders’ equity:
Tax on actuarial loss on retirement benefits scheme 
Tax on difference between depreciation on buildings on an actual and historical cost basis 

  Retirement
benefit
obligation 
£’000 

(307) 
128 
(397) 

(576) 
25 
(1,608) 

Other 
£’000 

(11) 
1 
– 

(10) 
6 
– 

Total
£’000

(318)
129
(397)

(586)
31
(1,608)

(2,159) 

(4) 

(2,163)

2009 
£’000 

(1,608) 
(2) 

(1,610) 

2008
£’000

(397)
–

(397)

Deferred income tax of £2,000 (2008: £2,000) was transferred from other reserves (note 26) to retained earnings (note 27). This represents 
deferred tax on the difference between the actual depreciation on buildings and the equivalent depreciation based on the historical cost 
of buildings.

Deferred income tax assets are recognised for tax losses carried forward to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit through 
the future taxable profits is probable. The Group has not recognised deferred income tax assets of £1,511,000 (2008: £1,511,000) in respect of 
capital losses amounting to £5,395,000 (2008: £5,395,000) that can be carried forward against future capital gains. 

23  Retirement benefit obligations

Balance sheet obligations

Pension benefits 

Income statement charge/(credit)

Pension benefits 
Finance cost/(income) 

2009 
£’000 

7,709 

551 
320 

2008
£’000

2,055

622
(214)

The Group operates 3 principal pension schemes; a funded pension scheme, the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme, providing 
benefits based on final pensionable salary which was closed to new entrants in 1999 and to which the accrual of future benefits ceased on 
31 March 2006, the Churchill China 1999 Pension Scheme and the Churchill China 2006 Group Personal Pension Plan. Both of the latter 
schemes are defined contribution schemes providing benefits based on contributions paid.

page

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

The assets of the schemes are held separately from those of the Group. The total pension cost for the Group was £551,000 (2008: £622,000. 
Of this cost £nil (2008: £nil), related to the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme, £158,000 (2008: £180,000) was in respect of the 
Churchill China 1999 Pension Scheme and £246,000 (2008: £274,000) was in respect of the Churchill China 2006 Group Personal Pension 
Scheme.  The  balance  of  cost  was  incurred  in  respect  of  overseas  and  other  pension  arrangements.  At  the  year  end  amounts  due  to 
pension funds in respect of Company contributions were £57,000 (2008: £20,000).

No  contributions  have  been  made  to  the  Churchill  Group  Retirement  Benefit  Scheme  in  relation  to  current  service  since  the  date  of 
cessation of the future accrual of benefits on 31 March 2006. Prior to that date the Group paid contributions to the scheme at a rate 
of 13.6% of pensionable salary. In addition a contribution of £410,000 (2008: £240,000) was made in respect of the amortisation of past 
service liabilities. The forward funding rate of the scheme was agreed with the scheme Trustees and Actuary following the completion of 
the 31 May 2008 triennial actuarial valuation in March 2009. The Group expects to make payments of £495,000 per annum in respect of 
the amortisation of past service deficits.

The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows:

Present value of funded obligations 
Fair value of plan assets 

Liability in balance sheet 

The movement in the present value of defined benefit obligation over the year is as follows:

At 1 January 
Interest cost 
Actuarial losses/(gains) 
Benefits paid 

At 31 December 

The movement in the fair value of plan assets over the year is as follows:

At 1 January 
Expected return on plan assets 
Actuarial gains/(losses) 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 

At 31 December 

2009 
£’000 

2008
£’000

34,550 
(26,841) 

25,275
(23,220)

7,709 

2,055

2009 
£’000 

25,275 
1,668 
8,433 
(826) 

2008
£’000

29,209
1,694
(5,044)
(584)

34,550 

25,275

2009 
£’000 

23,220 
1,348 
2,689 
410 
(826) 

2008
£’000

28,119
1,908
(6,463)
240
(584)

26,841 

23,220

page

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

23  Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

Plan assets are comprised as follows:

Equity investments 
Debt investments 
Other 

2009 
£’000 

17,783 
4,986 
4,072 

26,841 

66% 
19% 
15% 

2008
£’000

12,545 
4,756 
5,919 

23,220

54%
20%
26%

The expected return on plan assets is determined by considering the expected returns on the assets underlying the current investment 
policy. Expected yields on fixed interest investments are based on gross redemption yields at the balance sheet date. Expected returns on 
equity and property investments reflect long-term real rates of return experienced in the respective markets.

The amounts recognised in the income statement are as follows:

Interest cost 
Expected return on plan assets 

Net cost/(credit) recognised in finance cost/(income)  

2009 
£’000 

1,668 
(1,348) 

320 

2008
£’000

1,694
(1,908)

(214)

The actual return on plan assets was a gain of £4,037,000 (2008: loss £4,555,000).

A history of experience gains and losses, since the adoption of IAS 19 ‘Employee Benefits’, as at 31 December would have been as follows:

Difference between the expected and actual return on scheme assets:

Amount 
Percentage of scheme assets 

Experience gains and losses on scheme liabilities:

Amount 
Percentage of present value of scheme liabilities 

Total amount recognised in consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income (SOCIE):

Amount 
Percentage of present value of scheme liabilities 

2009 
£’000 

2,689 
10% 

2008 
£’000 

(6,463) 
28% 

(414) 
1% 

372 
1% 

2007 
£’000 

2006
£’000

(200) 
1% 

(192) 
1% 

839
3%

310
1%

(5,744) 
17% 

1,419 
6% 

2,379 
8% 

1,110
4%

The position prior to 2006 has not been disclosed as no IFRS comparatives exist for this period.

page

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows:

Pension benefits

Discount rate 
Inflation rate 
Expected return on plan assets 
Rate of increase of pensions in payment 
Rate of increase of deferred pensions 

2009 
% per  
annum 

2008
% per
 annum

5.7% 
3.5% 
6.8% 
3.5% 
3.5% 

6.6%
2.9%
6.0%
2.9%
2.9%

Assumptions regarding future mortality rates are set based on advice in accordance with published statistics and experience.

The average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at age 65 at the balance sheet date is as follows:

Male 
Female 

2009 
Number 

2008
Number

20.9 
24.1 

20.7
24.0

The average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at age 65, 20 years after the balance sheet date, is as follows: 
2009 
Number 

2008
Number

Male 
Female 

Sensitivity

22.7 
26.1 

22.6
26.0

A sensitivity analysis has been carried out on effect of varying certain assumptions within the calculation of retirement benefit obligations.
The effect of a 0.25% increase in the discount rate to 5.95% would be to reduce scheme liabilities by £1,721,000 (5.0%).

The effect of a 0.25% decrease in the discount rate to 5.45% would be to increase scheme liabilities by £1,840,000 (5.3%).

The effect of a 0.25% increase in inflation to 3.75% would increase scheme liabilities by £1,358,000 (3.9%).

The effect of a 0.25% decrease in inflation to 3.25% would decrease scheme liabilities by £1,271,000 (3.7%).

The effect of a 1 year increase to life expectancy would increase scheme liabilities by £893,000 (2.6%). The effect of a 1 year reduction in 
life expectancy would be to reduce scheme liabilities by £928,000 (2.7%).

page

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

24  Issued share capital and premium

Group and Company 

At 1 January 2008 
Employee share option schemes 

At 31 December 2008 
Employee share option schemes 

At 31 December 2009 

Number 
of shares 
000 

Ordinary 
shares 
£’000 

Share
premium
£’000

10,948 
– 

10,948 
– 

1,095 
– 

1,095 
– 

10,948 

1,095 

2,332
–

2,332
–

2,332

The total authorised number of ordinary shares is 14,300,000 (2008: 14,300,000) with a par value of 10p (2008: 10p) per share. All issued 
shares are fully paid.

Share option schemes

The Executive share option scheme was introduced in October 1994 and a complementary unapproved Executive share option scheme 
was approved by shareholders in October 1996. Options under these schemes are granted with a fixed exercise price equal to the market 
price of the shares at the date of issue. Options are normally only exercisable after 3 years from the date of grant and expire 10 years from 
the date of grant. Options granted will be exercisable given satisfaction of the requirement that adjusted earnings per ordinary share will 
increase by at least 6% above the increase in the Retail Price Index over the 3 year period from the beginning of the financial year in which 
the option was granted. Payment of the exercise price of options exercised is received in cash. A charge to the profit and loss account has 
been made to reflect the fair value of options granted since 7 November 2002. Options have been valued using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model. No performance conditions were used in the fair value calculations.

The fair value per option granted and the assumptions used in the calculation were as follows:

Grant date 

 30 April 2004

Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Number of employees 
Shares under option (20,000 lapsed, 10,000 exercised) 
Vesting period (years) 
Expected volatility 
Option life (years) 
Expected life (years) 

Risk free rate 
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield 
Fair value per option 

208p
208p
12
110,000
3
25%
10
5

4.8%
5.2%
24p

page

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24  Issued share capital and premium (continued)

The following options exercisable over ordinary shares were outstanding at 31 December 2009:

Number of shares 
The Executive share option scheme

The unapproved Executive 
share option scheme

2009 

2008 

Exercise 
price 

Date from which
exercisable 

Expiry date

2,000 
37,000 

2,000 
47,000 

151p 
208p 

December 2003 
April 2007 

December 2010
April 2014

12,500 
21,500 
40,000 
43,000 

12,500 
21,500 
40,000 
43,000 

118.5p 
151p 
171p 
208p 

156,000 

166,000

April 2003 
December 2003 
April 2005 
April 2007 

April 2010
December 2010
April 2012
April 2014

Expected volatility is based on historical volatility over the last three years. The expected life is the average expected period to exercise. 
The  risk  free  rate  of  return  is  the  yield  on  zero  coupon  UK  government  bonds  of  a  term  consistent  with  the  assumed  option  life.  A 
reconciliation of option movements for the year to 31 December 2009 is set out below.

2009 

2009 
  Weighted 
average 
exercise  
price 

Number 
‘000 

166,000 
– 
(10,000) 

156,000 

184.3p 
– 
208.0p 

182.8p 

2008 

Number 
‘000 

189,000 
(10,000) 
(13,000) 

2008
Weighted
average
exercise
price

184.6p
208.0p
171.0p

166,000 

184.3p

156,000 

182.8p 

166,000 

184.3p

Outstanding at 1 January 
Forfeited/lapsed 
Exercised 

Outstanding at 31 December 

Exercisable at 31 December 

There were no share options granted during the year (2008: £nil).

2009 

2009 

Weighted  
average 
exercise  
price 

118.5p 
163.6p 
208.0p 

Number 
‘000 

12,500 
63,500 
80,000 

100p –149p 
150p –199p 
200p –250p 

2009 

2009 
Weighted  Weighted 
average 
average 
remaining 
remaining 
life 
life 
(expected) (contractual) 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

0.0 
0.0 
0.0 

0.3 
1.9 
4.3 

118.5p 
163.6p 
208.0p 

2008 
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
life 

2008
Weighted
average
remaining
life
(expected)  (contractual)

0.0 
0.0 
0.3 

1.3
2.9
5.3

Number 
‘000 

12,500 
63,500 
90,000 

2008 

2008 

The  weighted  average  share  price  for  options  exercised  in  the  period  was  208.0p  (2008:  171.0p).  The  total  charge  during  the  year  for 
employee share based payment plans was £22,000 (2008: £23,000), all of which related to equity-settled share based payment transactions.

page

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

25  Treasury shares
Group and Company 

As at 1 January 2009 
Purchase of own shares 
Re-issue of shares 

As at 31 December 2009 

£’000

138
–
(21)

117

During the year the Group repurchased nil (2008: 58,400) 10p ordinary shares and re-issued 10,000 (2008: 13,000) of these under employee 
share option schemes. The Group currently holds 35,400 shares in Treasury.

26  Other reserves

Group 

Balance at 1 January 2008 
Depreciation transfer – gross 
Depreciation transfer – tax 
Share based payment charge 
Currency translation 

Balance at 31 December 2008 
Depreciation transfer – gross 
Depreciation transfer – tax 
Share based payment charge 
Currency translation 

Balance at 31 December 2009 

Land and 
buildings 
  revaluation 
£’000 

Currency 
translation 
£’000 

Share
based 
payment 
£’000 

Other
reserves 
£’000 

910 
(12) 
2 
– 
– 

900 
(12) 
2 
– 
– 

890 

(7) 
– 
– 
– 
43 

36 
– 
– 
– 
(14) 

22 

24 
– 
– 
23 
– 

47 
– 
– 
22 
– 

69 

Total
£’000

1,180
(12)
2
23
43

1,236
(12)
2
22
(14)

253 
– 
– 
– 
– 

253 
– 
– 
– 
– 

253 

1,234

The land and buildings revaluation reserve is the reserve created under UK GAAP where the land and buildings were revalued in 1992. On 
adoption of IFRS the Group took the exemption conferred by IFRS 1 to treat this revalued amount as deemed cost on transition because 
it approximated to fair value at that time. The release between the revaluation reserve and the profit and loss reserve is the release to 
distributable reserves of the additional depreciation on revaluation.

Other than the revaluation reserve, there are no restrictions on the distribution of the reserves.

Company

Other reserves of £69,000 (2008: £47,000) represent provision for share based payment as shown in the above table.

page

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27  Retained earnings

At 1 January 2008 
Profit for the year 
Dividends paid in 2008 
Depreciation transfer on land and buildings net of tax 
Actuarial losses net of tax 

At 31 December 2008 

At 1 January 2009 
Profit/(loss) for the year 
Dividends paid in 2009 
Depreciation transfer on land and buildings net of tax 
Actuarial losses net of tax 

At 31 December 2009 

Group 
£’000 

Company
£’000

25,124 
1,505 
(1,531) 
10 
(1,022) 

11,519
13
(1,531)
–
–

24,086 

10,001

24,086 
1,556 
(1,526) 
12 
(4,136) 

10,001
(23)
(1,526)
–
–

19,992 

8,452

28  Commitments
Capital commitments

Capital expenditure contracted for at the balance sheet date but not yet incurred is as follows:

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets: Computer software 

Operating lease commitments

Group 

Company

2009 
£’000 

696 
33 

729 

2008 
£’000 

1,632 
220 

1,852 

2009 
£’000 

2008
£’000

– 
– 

– 

–
–

–

The Group has financial commitments in respect of non cancellable operating leases of plant and machinery for which the payments 
extend over a number of years as follows:

Payments under operating leases charged against income during the year 

Future aggregate minimum commitments under non cancellable operating leases:
No later than 1 year 
Later than one year and no later than 5 years 

Group 

Company

2009 
£’000 

2008 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

2008
£’000

31 

4 
3 

50 

17 
11 

– 

– 
– 

–

–
–

page

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2009

29  Related party transactions

Details of related party transactions for the Group are shown in the Directors’ Report, Report of the Remuneration Committee and in the 
Notes to the financial statements appropriate to the type of transaction being dealt with. 

The Directors do not consider the Company to have an ultimate controlling party.

Company

Details of related party transactions involving the Company were as follows:

Associates

Dividends received from Furlong Mills Limited 

Subsidiaries

Management charge to Churchill China, Inc 
Interest received from Churchill China, Inc 
Interest received from Churchill China (UK) Limited 
Loans repaid – Churchill China (UK) Limited 
Loans outstanding as at the year end (mainly Churchill China (UK) Limited 

2009 
£’000 

– 

6 
– 
5 
1,686 
8,640 

2008
£’000

–

7
1
18
1,684
10,318

30  Financial instruments by category

The accounting policies for financial instruments have been applied to the line items in the accounts. All financial assets and liabilities 
including cash and cash equivalents are classified as loans and receivables, with the exception of financial assets identified for sale, in 
both 2009 and 2008, as disclosed in note 17.

page

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Five Year Financial Record

Turnover 
Operating profit before exceptional items 
Share of results of associate net of impairment 

Finance income/(cost) 

Profit on ordinary activities before profit on disposal of fixed asset 
and exceptional items 
Exceptional items 

Profit on disposal of property 

Profit before taxation 
Income tax expense 

Income tax expense – exceptional 

Profit after taxation 

Dividends  

Net assets employed 

Ratios

2005 

UK GAAP 

£’000 

44,835 

2,696 

(21) 

(114) 

2,561 

– 

269 

2,830 

(152) 

– 

2006 

IFRS 

£’000 

45,930 

2,795 

(7) 

294 

3,082 

784 

1,876 

5,742 

(1,631) 

– 

2007 

IFRS 

£’000 

46,930 

3,230 

120 

694 

4,044 

– 

798 

4,842 

(1,147) 

– 

2,678 

4,111 

3,695 

1,505 

(1,194) 

(1,217) 

(1,375) 

(1,531) 

22,446 

25,653 

29,731 

28,612 

2008 

IFRS 

£’000 

41,969 

2,804 

(71) 

629 

2009

IFRS

£’000

41,705

2,288

(18)

(201)

3,362 

2,069

– 

– 

3,362 

(938) 

(919) 

–

–

2,069

(513)

–

1,556

(1,526)

24,536

5.5%

14.3

14.3

Operating margin before exceptional items 

Basic earnings per share (p) 

Adjusted basic earnings per share (p) 

6.0% 

24.7 

17.6 

6.1% 

37.7 

20.5 

6.9% 

33.8 

26.5 

6.7% 

13.8 

22.2 

The adjusted basic earnings per share is based on the profit on ordinary activities after taxation and adjusted to take into account exceptional 

items, profit on disposal of fixed assets and the recognition of related deferred tax assets. The above figures for the year ending 31 December 

2006 have been adjusted to reflect the introduction of International Financial Reporting Standards.

page

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of Churchill China plc will be held at Marlborough Pottery, High Street, Sandyford,
Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent on Wednesday 19 May 2010 at 11.30 am for the following purposes:

Ordinary Business

To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions which will be proposed as ordinary resolutions:

 1. 

That the reports of the Directors and the Auditors and the Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2009 be received.

2. 

That no further dividend be payable in respect of the year ended 31 December 2009.

3. 

That David O’Connor be re-elected as a Director.

4. 

That Iain Hicks be re-elected as a Director.

5.  

That the Auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, be re-appointed and that the Directors be authorised to fix their remuneration for the 
year ending 31 December 2010.

6.  

That the Directors’ Remuneration Report for the year ended 31 December 2009 be approved.

Special Business

To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions which will be proposed as special resolutions:

7. 

That:

(a) 

 the Directors be and they are hereby empowered under Section 570 of the Companies Act 2006 (“the Act”) to allot equity securities 
(as defined in Section 560 of the Act) for cash under the authority conferred by a resolution dated 21 May 2008, as if Section 561 of 
the Act did not apply to such allotment, provided that this power shall be limited to:-

(i)  the allotment of equity securities in connection with an offer of equity securities to:

(1) ordinary shareholders in proportion ( as nearly as may be) to their existing holdings; and

(2)  holders of other equity securities, if this is required by the rights of those securities, or, if the Directors consider it 

necessary as permitted by the rights of those securities, but subject to such exclusions and other arrangements as the 
Directors may consider necessary or desirable to deal with fractional entitlements, record dates, treasury shares or any 
legal, practical or regulatory problems under the laws of any territory (including the requirements of any regulatory body or 
stock exchange) or any other matter; and

 (ii) 

the allotment of equity securities (otherwise than as mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) of this resolution) up to an aggregate  
  nominal amount of £109,579;

(b)  

this power shall cease to have effect when the authority given by the resolution dated 21 May 2008 is revoked or expires but  
during this period the Company may make an offer or agreement which would or might require equity securities to be  
allotted after this authority expires and the Directors may allot equity securities in pursuance of that offer or agreement    
notwithstanding that the authority has expired;

(c) 

 this power applies in relation to a sale of shares which is an allotment of equity securities by virtue of Section 560(2)(b) of the Act 
as if the words “under the authority conferred by a resolution dated 21 May 2008” were omitted from the introductory wording to 
this resolution. 

page

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. 

That the Company be generally and unconditionally authorised for the purposes of Sections 693 and 701 of the Act to make market 
purchases (within the meaning of Section 693(4) of the Act) of ordinary shares of 10p each in the capital of the Company (“Ordinary 
Shares”) on such terms and in such manner as the Directors of the Company may from time to time determine, provided that:

(a) 

the maximum aggregate number of Ordinary Shares hereby authorised to be purchased is 1,095,797; 

(b) 

the minimum price which may be paid for an Ordinary Share, exclusive of all expenses, shall be 10p;

(c) 

the maximum price which may be paid for an Ordinary Share, exclusive of all expenses, cannot be more than an amount equal to  
the higher of:

(i)  5 per cent above the average of the middle market quotations for an Ordinary Share as derived from the Alternative Investment  
  Market section of the London Stock Exchange Daily Official List for the five business days immediately preceding the date on  
  which such Ordinary Share is purchased; and

(ii)  the price stipulated by Article 5(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 2273/2003 (the Buy-back and Stabilisation Regulation);

(d)   unless previously renewed, varied or revoked, the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the conclusion of the Company’s next  

  Annual General Meeting or 18 August 2011, whichever is the earlier; and

(e)  

the Company may prior to the expiry of the authority hereby conferred make a contract or contracts to purchase Ordinary Shares  
under such authority which will or may be executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority. 

9.  

That the amended Articles of Association produced to the meeting and initialled by the Chairman of the meeting for the purpose of 
identification be adopted as the Articles of Association of the Company in substitution for, and to the exclusion of, the existing Articles of 
Association.

10. That a general meeting other than an annual general meeting may be called on not less than 14 clear days’ notice.

By Order of the Board

D J S Taylor

Company Secretary

Dated 21 April 2010

Registered Office
Marlborough Pottery
High Street
Tunstall
Stoke-on-Trent
ST6 5NZ

Registered Number 2709505

The Directors of the Company consider that all the proposals to be considered at the Annual General Meeting are in the best interests of 
the Company and its members as a whole and are most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a 
whole. The Directors unanimously recommend that you vote in favour of all the proposed resolutions.

page

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8.  

9.  

10. 

11. 

Members are entitled to appoint a proxy to exercise all or any of their rights to attend and to speak and vote on their behalf at the meeting. A shareholder 
may appoint more than one proxy in relation to the AGM provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached to a different share or shares 
held by that shareholder. A proxy need not be a shareholder of the Company. A form of proxy which may be used to make such appointment and give proxy 
instructions accompanies this notice. Instructions for use are shown on the form. If you do not have a form of proxy and believe that you should have one, or 
if you require additional forms, please contact our registrars, Equiniti, on 0871 384 2287. Calls to this number from a BT landline cost 8p per minute; other 
providers’ costs may vary. If calling from overseas, please call +44 (0)121 415 7047. Lines are open 8.30am – 5pm, Monday – Friday. To appoint more than 
one proxy, you may photocopy the proxy form .

To be valid, any form of proxy or other instrument appointing a proxy must be received by post or (during normal business hours only) by hand at the offices 
of the Company’s registrars, Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex BN99 6DA, no later than 11.30 am on 17 May 2010. If you 
return more than one proxy appointment, that received last by the Registrar before the latest time for the receipt of proxies will take precedence. You are 
advised to read the terms and conditions of use carefully. 

The return of a completed form of proxy will not prevent a shareholder attending the AGM and voting in person if he/she wishes to do so.

Any corporation which is a member can appoint one or more corporate representatives who may exercise on its behalf all of its powers as a member 
provided that they do not do so in relation to the same shares. 

Any person to whom this notice is sent who is a person nominated under Section 146 of the Act to enjoy information rights (a “Nominated Person”) may, 
under an agreement between him/her and the shareholder by whom he/she was nominated, have a right to be appointed (or to have someone else 
appointed) as a proxy for the AGM. If a Nominated Person has no such proxy appointment or does not wish to exercise it, he/she may, under any such 
agreement, have a right to give instructions to the shareholder as to the exercise of voting rights.

The statement of the rights of shareholders in relation to the appointment of proxies in notes 1 and 2 above does not apply to Nominated Persons. The 
rights described in these paragraphs can only be exercised by shareholders of the Company. 

To be entitled to attend and vote at the AGM ( and for the purpose of the determination by the Company of the votes they may cast), shareholders must 
be registered in the Register of Members of the Company at 11.30 am on 17 May 2010 (or, in the event of any adjournment, on the date which is two days 
before the time of the adjourned meeting). Changes to the Register after the relevant deadline shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person 
to attend and vote at the meeting. There are no other procedures or requirements for entitled shareholders to comply with in order to attend and vote at the 
AGM. Voting at the meeting will be conducted by way of a show of hands, unless a poll is correctly called for.

 As at 21 April 2010 ( being the last practicable date prior to publication of this Notice), the Company’s issued share capital consists of 10,957,976 ordinary 
shares, carrying one vote each. Therefore, the total voting rights in the Company as at 21 April 2010 are 10,957,976.

Under Section 527 of the Act, members meeting the threshold requirements set out in that Section have the right to require the Company to publish on a 
website a statement setting out any matter relating to: (i) the audit of the Company’s accounts (including the auditor’s report and the conduct of the audit) 
that are to be laid before the AGM; or (ii) any circumstance connected with an auditor of the Company ceasing to hold office since the previous meeting at 
which annual accounts and reports were laid in accordance with Section 437 of the Act. The Company may not require the shareholders requesting any 
such website publication to pay its expenses in complying with Sections 527 or 528 of the Act. Where the Company is required to place a statement on a 
website under Section 527 of the Act, it must forward the statement to the Company’s auditor not later than the time when it makes the statement available 
on the website. The business which may be dealt with at the AGM includes any statement that the Company has been required under Section 527 of the Act 
to publish on a website.

Pursuant to Section 319A of the Act, the Company must cause to be answered at the AGM any question relating to the business being dealt with at the AGM 
which is put by a member attending the meeting, except in certain circumstances, including if it is undesirable in the interests of the Company or the good 
order of the meeting that the question be answered or if to do so would involve the disclosure of confidential information.

Except as provided above, members who wish to communicate with the Company in relation to the AGM should do so using the following means: (1) by 
writing to the Company Secretary at the Registered Office address; or (2) by writing to the Registrars, Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, 
Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA. No other methods of communication will be accepted. In particular, you may not use any electronic address provided 
either in this Notice or in any related documents for any purposes other than expressly stated.

12. 

A copy of this Notice, and other information required by Section 311A of the Act, can be found at www.churchillchina.plc.uk .  

13.  

Copies of the Directors’ Service Contracts, Non-executive Directors’ letter of appointment and the proposed and current Articles of Association will be 
available for inspection at the Company’s Registered Office address on weekdays (Saturdays and public holidays excepted) during business hours from the 
date of this Notice until the conclusion of the AGM. 

page

80

 
Explanatory Notes on the Resolutions

The notes on the following pages give an explanation of certain of the proposed resolutions.

1. 

 2. 

Resolution 2: payment of the final dividend for the year ended 31 December 2009 of 9.2p per share was accelerated from its normal payment date in May to 
March 2010 to preserve net value to shareholders. The total dividend paid in respect of the year ended 31 December 2009 was 14.0p per share (2008: 14.0p).

Resolutions 3 and 4: in accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association at every AGM a certain number of Directors must retire by rotation. Messrs. 
O’Connor and Hicks are retiring by rotation and resolutions 3 and 4 seek approval for their re-election as Executive Directors. Biographical details for the 
Directors are set out on page 15 of the Report and Accounts.

Each of the Directors has had a formal performance evaluation and the Board believes that each of them continues to be effective and demonstrates 
commitment to the role. 

3.  

Under Section 570 of the Act, when new shares are allotted or treasury shares are sold for cash, they must first be offered to existing shareholders pro rata 
to their holdings. This special resolution empowers the Directors to: 

(a)  

allot shares of the Company in connection with a rights issue, scrip dividend or other similar issue; and 

(b)  

 otherwise allot shares of the Company, or sell treasury shares for cash, up to an aggregate nominal value of £ 109,579 (representing in accordance 
with institutional investor guidelines, approximately 10% of the share capital in issue as at 21 April 2010) ( being the last practicable date prior to the 
publication of this Notice) as if the pre-emption rights of Section 570 did not apply. 

Except in relation to the Company’s employee share schemes, the Directors have no immediate plans to make use of this power. In line with best practice, 
the Company confirms that it has not issued more than 7.5% of its issued share capital on a non-pro rata basis over the last 3 years.

This power shall cease to have effect when the authority given by the resolution dated 21 May 2008 is revoked or expires.

4.  

Resolution 8 renews the Directors’ current authority to make limited market purchases of the Company’s ordinary shares. The power is limited to a 
maximum aggregate number of 1,095,797 ordinary shares (representing approximately 10 per cent of the issued share capital excluding treasury shares as 
at 21 April 2010 (being the last practicable date prior to publication of this Notice) and details the minimum and maximum prices that can be paid, exclusive 
of expenses. Any purchases of ordinary shares would be made by means of market purchase through the London Stock Exchange.

The Directors undertake that the authority conferred by this resolution, if approved, will only be used if to do so would result in an increase in earnings per 
share and be in the best interests of shareholders generally.

Current legislation allows companies to hold shares acquired by way of market purchase in treasury, rather than having to cancel them. The Directors 
may use the authority to purchase shares and hold them in treasury ( and subsequently sell or transfer them out of treasury as permitted in accordance 
with legislation) rather than cancel them, subject to institutional guidelines applicable at the time. Shares will only be purchased if to do so would result 
in an increase in earnings per share and is in the best interests of shareholders generally. The Board has previously indicated its intention to continue to 
return surplus cash to shareholders via on-market purchase of its own shares where it is not required to finance the organic expansion of the business, 
acquisitions and dividend payments.

The authority conferred by this resolution will expire 18 months from the date of this resolution or, if earlier, at the conclusion of the next AGM. 

5.  

6. 

Resolution 9 is a resolution to adopt new Articles of Association, (“the New Articles”). The principal changes to be introduced are summarised in the 
Appendix to this notice. Other changes, which are of a minor, technical or clarifying nature have not been noted in the Appendix. The Articles are available 
for inspection as stated in note 13 above.

Resolution 10 is required under the Shareholders’ Rights Regulations in order to preserve the ability of the Company to call general meetings on 14 days’ 
notice, with shareholders’ approval. The approval will be effective until the 2011 Annual General Meeting when it is intended that a similar resolution will be 
proposed. The Company will also need to meet the requirements for electronic voting under the Regulations before it can call a general meeting on 14 days’ 
notice.

page

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix

EXPLANATORY NOTES OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE CURRENT ARTICLES AND THE NEW ARTICLES 

The principal changes being proposed in the New Articles are summarised below. Other changes, which are of a minor, technical or clarifying nature, have not 
been noted.

1. 

2. 

Articles which duplicate statutory provisions
Provisions in the Current Articles which replicate provisions contained in the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006) have, in the main, be removed in the New 
Articles. This is in line with the approach advocated by the Government – to the effect that statutory provisions should not be duplicated in a company’s 
constitution. 

Voting by proxies on a show of hands
The Companies (Shareholders’ Rights) Regulations 2009 (Shareholder Regulations) have amended the CA 2006 so that it now provides that each proxy 
appointed by a member has one vote on a show of hands unless the proxy is appointed by more than one member in which case the proxy has one vote for 
and one vote against if the proxy has been instructed by one or more members to vote for the resolution and by one or more members to vote against the 
resolution. The New Articles have been amended to reflect these changes.

3. 

Directors’ Fees

The limit on the total aggregate amount of fees which the Company may pay to directors has been increased from £100,000 per annum to £200,000 per 
annum. These fees are distinct from any salary or remuneration paid to executive directors and mainly capture fees payable to non-executive directors. The 
responsibilities and time commitments of the non-executive directors have increased significantly since the current limit was last set and fees paid to non-
executive Directors are increasing in recognition of their greater role and responsibility. 

4. 

Vacation of office by directors

The Current Articles specify the circumstances in which a director must vacate office. The New Articles update these provisions to include that a director 
must vacate office where (i) he holds office for a fixed term and that term expires and (ii) he ceases to be an employee of a group company (and is not 
employed by any other group company) unless the board resolves otherwise. 

5. 

Chairman’s casting vote

The New Articles remove the provision giving the chairman a casting vote in the event of an equality of votes as this is no longer permitted under the
CA 2006.

6. 

Adjournments

Under the CA 2006 as amended by the Shareholder Regulations, general meetings adjourned for lack of quorum must be held at least 10 clear days after 
the original meeting. The Current Articles have been changed to reflect this requirement. 

Arrangements at general meetings

The New Articles contain provisions which permit the chairman to make necessary arrangements if the meeting place specified for a general meeting 
is not adequate to accommodate all persons entitled and wishing to attend. The New Articles also include provisions for the board to make appropriate 
arrangements to ensure the security of a general meeting.

Borrowing powers

A number of presentational and descriptive amendments have been made to the borrowing power provisions in the New Articles.

Communications provisions

The New Articles contain updated communications provisions so as to make them more consistent with the “company communication provisions” in the
CA 2006.

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

CREST

The New Articles contain a number of new provisions designed to maximise the Company’s ability to use electronic systems for dealing in shares
through CREST. 

11. 

General

Generally, the opportunity has been taken to include clearer language in the New Articles and, in some areas, to conform the language of the New Articles 
with that used in the model articles for public companies produced by the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform.

page

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Notes

page

83

Shareholder Notes

page

84

Churchill China plc
Marlborough Pottery, High Street, Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, ST6 5NZ
www.churchillchina.com
©Churchill China plc 2010