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Choice Hotels International

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FY2010 Annual Report · Choice Hotels International
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China plc

China plc

Churchill China plc
Marlborough Pottery, High Street, Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, ST6 5NZ
www.churchillchina.com
©Churchill China plc 2011

Annual Report
2010

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Financial Highlights 

Five Year Performance 

Company Profile 

Chairman's Statement 

   Financial Review 

   Operational Review 

   People 

   Prospects 

Directors’ Report 

Report of the Remuneration 
Committee 

Corporate Governance 

Independent Auditors’ Report 

Consolidated Income Statement 

Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Balance Sheet 

Company Balance Sheet 

Consolidated Statement of 
Changes in Equity 

1

2

3

4

6

8

12

13 

14 

24

32

34 

36

37

38

39

40 

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement  41 

Reconciliation of Operating Profit to
Net Cash from Operating Activities 

42

Notes to the 
Financial Statements 

Five Year Financial Record 

43

76 

Notice of Annual General Meeting 

77

Above: Disney 100 Acre Wood

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 Results 
Revenue – continuing operations

Operating profit – continuing operations

Share of results of associate company

Net finance cost

Profit before income tax

Dividends paid

Key Ratios
Operating margin

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

Dividends paid per share

2010 
£’000

2009 
  £’000

43,746

41,705

2,287

162

(135)

2,314

1,529

5.2%

15.8p

15.8p

14.0p

2,288

(18)

(201)

2,069

1,526

5.5%

14.3p

14.2p

14.0p

Above: Alchemy Rush

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06

07

08

09

10

06

07

08

09

10

06

07

08

09

10

45.9

46.9

42.0

41.7

43.7

Revenue (£m)

0 

10  

20 

30 

40 

50

3,082

3,362

4,044

2,069

2,314

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5

Profit before exceptional items (£’000)

20.5

22.2

26.5

14.3

15.8

Adjusted basic 
earnings per share (p)

0 

5 

10 

15 

20  

25 

30

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CHURCHILL CHINA plc
DIRECTORS, SECRETARY AND ADVISERS

EXECUTIVE  
DIRECTORS
A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor
I T Hicks

NON EXECUTIVE  
DIRECTORS
J N E Sparey *•
J W Morgan *•
A J McWalter *•

SECRETARY 
AND REGISTERED  
OFFICE
D J S Taylor ACA
Marlborough Pottery
High Street
Tunstall
Stoke-on-Trent
Staffordshire
ST6 5NZ

INDEPENDENT 
AUDITORS
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Cornwall Court
19 Cornwall Street
Birmingham
B3 2DT

BANKERS
Lloyds Banking Group plc
8th Floor
40 Spring Gardens
Manchester
M2 1EN

REGISTRARS
Equiniti
Aspect House
Spencer Road
Lancing
West Sussex
BN99 6ZX

SOLICITORS
Addleshaw Goddard
100 Barbirolli Square
Manchester
M2 3AB

STOCKBROKERS 
AND ADVISERS
Brewin Dolphin Limited
34 Lisbon Street
Leeds
LS1 4LX

* Member of audit committee

• Member of remuneration committee 

Registered no: 2709505

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“Churchill China made steady progress in 2010”

INTRODUCTION

I  am  pleased  to  report  that  Churchill  China  made 

tax  profits  were  up  11%  at  £2.3m  despite  negligible 

steady progress in 2010 with a clear recovery from the 

financial  income  from  our  average  circa  £5m  cash 

previous year. In particular, sales and profitability in our 

balances.  The  second  half  of  2010  again  contributed 

core Hospitality business recovered strongly from 2009 

almost 75% of the Group’s operating profitability and the 

levels  although  this  was  offset  by  a  materially  weaker 

new financial year has started positively.

contribution from our Retail business. Our consolidated 

Group revenues were up 5% against last year and pre- 

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Above Left: Queens Mugs
Above Top Right: Churchill Profile
Above: Bottom Right: Churchill Options

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Above: Alchemy Buffet

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Group  revenues  increased  by  5%  to  £43.7m  (2009: 

expansion of working capital, particularly inventories, 

£41.7m)  reflecting 

increased  demand 

from  our 

which increased from £7.1m to £8.2m principally to

Hospitality  customers  in  the  UK  and  abroad,  partially 

support  demand  growth  in  our  Hospitality  business. 

offset  by  weaker  demand  from  our  Retail  customers 

In addition, receivables increased by £0.9m at the year 

worldwide. 

end, a position which has subsequently reversed.  

Group operating profit was flat at £2.3m (2009: £2.3m) 

We 

incurred  capital  expenditure  of  £1.6m 

(2009: 

but  pre-tax  profit  was  almost  11%  higher  at  £2.3m 

£2.4m) as we continued to invest selectively in our UK 

(2009: £2.1m).  

manufacturing base to improve efficiency and increase 

operational flexibility.

Overall margins were slightly lower than 2009 reflecting 

both  higher  production  costs  incurred  in  meeting 

The  deficit  in  our  defined  benefit  scheme  reduced  to 

demand and building inventory levels in anticipation of 

more manageable levels as higher investment returns 

future  sales  within  our  Hospitality  business,  together 

continued through the year and assumptions in relation 

with a more competitive Retail environment. 

to long term inflation rates moderated.

Financial income improved from 2009’s figure although 

DIVIDEND AND SHAREHOLDER RETURN

net interest receipts remain constrained by poor returns 

on  invested  cash.  We  again  had  a  notional  charge  of 

Having seen a modest recovery in 2010 we are confident 

£0.2m (2009: £0.3m) arising from our pension fund as a 

of further progress and the Board is therefore pleased to 

result of low discount rates.

recommend a final dividend of 9.2p per share. Together 

Earnings  per  share  increased  by  10%  to  15.8p  (2009: 

a  total  dividend  declared  in  respect  of  2010  of  14.0p 

14.3p). 

compared to 14.0p per share in 2009.

with  the  interim  dividend  paid  last  October,  this  gives 

We continue to generate an acceptable level of cash from 

We have continued to generate long term shareholder 

operations although this was reduced in 2010 compared 

returns  from  both  capital  appreciation  and  dividend 

to the previous year. Over the medium term we continue 

income  and  are  pleased  that  we  have  delivered  a 

to  generate  cash  in  line  with  our  operating  profit. 

compound total return to shareholders in excess of 16% 

Cash balances were £4.4m (2009: £6.9m) reflecting an 

p.a. over the last five years.

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Above Left: Art De Cuisine Rustics Simmer
Above Centre: Art De Cuisine Illuminate
Above Right: Riedel Vinum

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“We have continued to generate long term shareholder 
returns from both capital appreciation and dividend income”

Above: Churchill Just Desserts 

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“Demand from our Hospitality customers was     
strong throughout 2010”

HOSPITALITY
Demand  from  our  Hospitality  customers  was  strong 

centres in the Middle East and Eire. We believe that our 

throughout 2010, with sales for the year 11% ahead at 

design capability and breadth of product range played a 

£27.4m  (2009:  £24.6m).  The  net  contribution  to  Group 

key role in securing this business.

increased from £3.3m to £4.1m as a direct result of the 

improved sales levels. 

Investment 

in  new  product  development  coupled 

Our  position  in  the  UK,  where  Churchill  is  the  clear 

capabilities  will  continue  to  be  allocated  to  markets 

market 

leader,  continued  to  strengthen  and  we 

and sectors where we believe Churchill sales have the 

increased  sales  during  the  year  to  £17.3m  (2009: 

potential to grow in the long term. 

with  continued  expansion  of  our  sales  and  marketing 

£16.4m).  Underlying  demand  from  a  broad  spectrum 

of customers had started to improve in the second half 

The new ‘Profile’ range was launched in January 2010 

of 2009 and this trend continued in robust fashion on a 

and has proved to be very popular across a wide range 

month by month basis right up to the end of November 

of customers and countries. Profile combines the high 

2010.  As  is  well  documented,  bad  weather  affected 

performance  characteristics  of  our  ‘Super  Vitrified’ 

travel, hospitality and retail activity in December across 

range but is lighter and more fashionable. 

much  of  the  UK  and  sales  in  this  key  period  for  our 

Dining  Out  business  were  materially  impacted  by  the 

In December 2010 we commissioned a new showroom 

conditions.  Our  restaurant,  hotel  and  pub  customers, 

at  the  Business  Design  Centre,  Islington.  Already  a 

in  the  habit  of  taking  advantage  of  Churchill’s  superb 

great  success  with  end  users  and  distributors  alike, 

service,  tend  to  place  orders  for  their  ceramics  at  the 

this  facility  enables  us  to  improve  our  coverage  of  the 

last minute. 

all  important  London  market  and  has  the  show  space 

required to display our entire ceramic offering alongside 

Export sales improved sharply by 23% to £10.1m (2009: 

the prestige Riedel glassware range which is targeted at 

£8.2m) reflecting a strong recovery in our performance 

premium hotels and restaurants. 

in  many  key  overseas  markets,  including  continental 

Europe  and  North  America.  During  2010  the  Churchill 

export sales team won a number of major contracts for 

several  prestige  new  sporting  venues  and  conference 

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Above: Alchemy Moonstone & Buffet

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“Prompt action to both reduce our cost base and 
  refocus our business”

RETAIL
Sales  to  our  Retail  customers  worldwide  were  down 

pressures in volume channels, we are withdrawing from 

by  just  under  5%  at  £16.3m  (£17.1m).  The  pace  of 

bespoke lines when margins are unsustainable. All our 

the  decline  in  sales  of  bespoke  own  label  products, 

attention is now concentrated on the sale of branded and 

mainly  to  our  major  UK  supermarket  customers,  was 

licensed ranges at margins that are sustainable in the 

materially  faster  than  we  had  expected.  In  addition, 

medium and long term. In this respect it is pleasing to 

margins were adversely impacted by higher input prices 

note that the decline in sales through volume accounts 

from overseas suppliers. As a result there was a sharp 

was nearly offset by the continued improvement in our 

decline in the Retail division’s net contribution to Group 

sales to the middle market where we continue to perform 

central costs from £1.7m to £0.7m as we were unable to 

well with brand licences including Cath Kidston, Jamie 

create suitable replacement activity in the period. 

Oliver, Disney and Alex Clark. 

The  disappointing  Retail  performance  has  stimulated 

We will be reducing inventory levels throughout 2011 and 

a thorough review of our activity in this sector and we 

continuing to reshape the business around a profitable 

have taken prompt action to both reduce our cost base 

core of activity where we have a value proposition that 

and refocus our business. As a result of aggressive price 

customers are willing to pay for.

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Above: Cath Kidston Crush Mugs

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“Churchill are industry leaders in firing technology”

OPERATIONS

2010 was a challenging year for the Manufacturing and 

use of its potential to gain benefit across a wide range 

Operations team at Churchill. 

of business activities especially those that are market, 

customer and cost related. 

We  completed  the  £1m  installation  of  the  energy 

efficient  Eisenmann  kiln  complete  with  its  robotic 

Our  all  important  service  levels  were  maintained  but 

handling  and  placing  devices.  Churchill  are  industry 

at  the  cost  of  some  manufacturing  inefficiencies  as 

leaders  in  firing  technology  and  currently  once  fire 

Hospitality  rose  above  expected  levels.  Operational 

5.5m  cups,  mugs  and  bowls  per  annum.  Consumers 

efficiency  has  now  recovered  and  we  have  begun  to 

are  increasingly  aware  of  carbon  footprint  issues 

reduce costs in this area.

and we are working continuously to lower our energy 

consumption.

Our sourcing team has done well to manage our supply 

Our  new  fully  integrated  computer  system  became 

by  strong  GDP  growth  particularly  in  China.  We  do  not 

fully operational in April. Our objective is to make full 

expect this situation to ease in the short to medium term. 

base  despite  inflationary  and  labour  issues  created 

Above: Jamie Oliver Fluted Blue

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“We have some great people whose enthusiasm, ideas 
and effort are fundamental to Churchill’s success”

We  have  some  great  people  whose  enthusiasm,  ideas 

particular I would like to highlight Derek Stevenson who 

and  effort  are  fundamental  to  Churchill’s  success  in  a 

has now been with the Company for 50 years. 

complex and challenging environment. At one end of the 

spectrum we have a highly active graduate recruitment 

On a separate note, I am particularly pleased to welcome 

scheme which has brought into our business a valuable 

Alan  McWalter  (appointed  in  January  2011)  to  the 

injection  of  talent  and  energy  to  complement  the 

Board as a non executive Director who brings extensive 

considerable  experience  of  more  senior  executives.  In 

marketing and retail experience to the Company. 

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Above: Churchill Zen

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“I am confident Churchill will continue to deliver  
enhanced shareholder value in 2011 and beyond”

We  are  confident  that  our  long  term  strategy  of 

new  demand.  Our  Retail  business  will  continue  to 

investment in all aspects of our Hospitality business will 

be  reshaped  during  this  year  as  we  seek  to  restore 

continue to deliver results, driving an expected increase 

performance to acceptable levels.

in  market  share  in  the  UK,  a  continued  recovery  in 

European  accounts  and  contributing  to  an  improved 

Our  markets  will  continue  to  provide  challenges; 

performance in 2011.

however,  our  long  term  business  plan,  strong  balance 

sheet  and  record  of  cash  generation  will  allow  us  to 

We  have  identified  a  number  of  specific  projects  in 

both  invest  in  our  business  and  maintain  an  attractive 

manufacturing  that  will  improve  production  efficiency 

return  to  shareholders.  I  am  confident  that  Churchill 

and  give  us  the  technical  ability  to  sustain  our  new 

will continue to deliver enhanced shareholder value in 

product  development  programme  and  support  the 

2011 and beyond.

increasing  demands  for  operational  flexibility  imposed 

by the marketplace. 

Jonathan Sparey

Chairman

There are opportunities to expand both our Hospitality 

29 March 2011

ceramic  and  non  ceramic  product  offering  to  meet 

Above Top: Art De Cuisine Menu Theatre
Above: Art De Cuisine Menu Nori
Above Right: Art De Cuisine Menu Sizzle

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The  Directors  present  their  annual  report  and  the  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  for  the  year  ended  
31 December 2010. 

Principal activities, operating and financial review
The Company is a public limited company listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) and is incorporated and domiciled in the UK. 
The registered office is disclosed at the front of these accounts and the Company number is 2709505.

The consolidated income statement for the year is set out on page 36.

The principal activity of the Group is the manufacture and sale of ceramic and related products for hospitality and household markets 
around the world. 

A review of the operations of the Group during the year and its future prospects are given in the Chairman’s Statement on page 4 and 
Business Review section of this report on page 8.

Dividends 
The Directors have paid the following dividends in respect of the years ended 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009:

Ordinary dividend:
Second interim dividend 2009 9.2p (2008: 0.0p) per 10p ordinary share 
Final dividend 2009 0.0p (2008: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share 
Interim dividend 2010 4.8p (2009: 4.8p) per 10p ordinary share 

The Directors now recommend payment of the following dividend:
Ordinary dividend:
Final dividend 2010 9.2p (2009: nil) per 10p ordinary share 

Dividends on treasury shares held by the Company are waived.

2010 
£’000 

1,004 
– 
525 

1,529 

2009
£’000

–
1,003
523

1,526

1,005 

–

Directors
The Directors of the Company who have served during the year and up to the date of signing of the financial statements are as follows:

J N E Sparey* 
A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 

* Non executive

R S Kettel* (retired 19 May 2010)
I T Hicks
J W Morgan*
A J McWalter* (appointed 5 January 2011)

The Directors retiring by rotation are A D Roper and J W Morgan who, being eligible, offer themselves for re-election. The unexpired 
terms of the service contracts of A D Roper and J W Morgan are 12 months and 2 months respectively.

A J McWalter was appointed as a Director of the Company on 5 January 2011 and in accordance with the Company’s articles retires at 
the next Annual General Meeting. The unexpired term of A J McWalter’s service contract is 32 months.

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J N E Sparey has now served as a non executive Director of the Company for over 9 years and as such is now required under the terms 
of the Principles of Good Governance and Code of Best Practice (‘the Combined Code’) to retire and seek re-election as a Director on an 
annual basis. The unexpired term of his service contract is 2 months.

The biographical details of the Directors are as follows:

Jonathan  Sparey,  non  executive  Chairman,  aged  53,  is  a  senior  partner  in  L.E.K.  Consulting  LLP,  a  leading  international  corporate 
strategy firm. He was previously a Director of the merchant bank Samuel Montagu and Co. He joined the Board in 2000.

Andrew Roper, Chief Executive Officer, aged 62, has worked for the Company since 1973. He has responsibility for the development of 
Group strategy and for operational performance and development. He was appointed to his present role in 2007 following on from his 
role as Group Managing Director since 1998.

David Taylor, Finance Director and Company Secretary, aged 51, has worked for the Group for 19 years. Following qualification as a 
Chartered Accountant with KPMG, he worked in a number of finance roles before joining Churchill in 1992. He was appointed to the 
Board in 1993.

David  O’Connor,  Chief  Operating  Officer,  aged  54,  has  worked  for  Churchill  for  20  years  in  a  number  of  production,  operations  and 
marketing roles. He has extensive experience within the Ceramics industry and joined the Board in 1999.

Iain Hicks, Operations Director, aged 41, has worked for the Group in a variety of roles since joining Churchill in 1992. He has led the 
Group’s sourcing operation since it was established in 1999 and also manages Information Technology development within the Group. 
He was appointed to the Board in 2006. 

Jonathan Morgan, non executive Director, aged 53, is a Director of SVG Investment Managers Limited and has many years of experience 
in investment management within growth small and medium sized companies. He was previously Managing Director of Prudential plc’s 
Private Equity business in Europe and Asia Pacific. He joined the Board in 2007.

Alan  McWalter,  non  executive  Director,  aged  57,  joined  the  Group  in  January  2011.  He  is  a  Director  of  several  listed  and  private 
companies and has extensive high level experience within marketing roles in a number of major companies in the Retail and Consumer  
Goods sectors.

Business review
Business environment
We operate in many different geographic markets serving hospitality and retail customers with a range of tabletop products. Whilst our 
principal exposure is to the UK market, where we generate over 63% of our gross revenue, we also enjoy significant sales to Europe and 
North America which respectively account for 20% and 10% of our turnover. Almost without exception all of these markets are subject 
to a high level of competitive pressure and our costs of operation require constant review and control.

In our Retail markets customers are able to choose from a wide variety of alternative suppliers based both in the UK and overseas. 
There are relatively low costs of switching between providers, particularly in volume distribution channels. In middle market distribution 
channels, customer relationships are longer term, and whilst these are still subject to price pressure, customers value design, quality 
and long term partnerships. In hospitality markets there are higher barriers to entry given the nature and structure of the market which 
places a premium on service, quality and technical performance. 

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Whilst total market size information is not easily available for our markets, we believe that there has generally been an increase in the 
overall size of our markets during the year as global macroeconomic conditions and consumer confidence have improved, particularly 
in  Hospitality  markets.  Progress  has  only  been  possible  given  careful  management  of  commercial  relationships  and  a  consistent 
programme  of  investment.  Retail  markets  have  generally  remained  more  challenging  particularly  in  the  volume  sector  and  whilst 
markets may have improved overall this has largely been as a result of lower pricing. Forecasts for the UK and our major export markets 
suggests that economic growth will be restrained in 2011. Our forward planning process assumes that there will be no major economic 
growth in 2011 and we continue to manage our business accordingly.

The cost of imported product has risen through 2010 due to increased inflation in Far Eastern economies and exchange rate issues. Our 
UK manufacturing operations remain subject to tight cost control. Labour costs have risen marginally during the year, but are expected 
to remain stable during 2011. Energy costs are generally higher than those experienced in the corresponding period of 2010 although 
we expect lower utilisation.

We believe that to succeed as a business we must remain agile and anticipate and respond to these changes. Our business model 
cannot remain static and we must constantly review our business and amend our operations where necessary.

Strategy
The Group’s strategy remains to generate improved shareholder returns through the provision of value to customers through excellence 
in  design,  quality  and  service.  We  aim  to  increase  long  term  Group  profitability  principally  through  steady  increments  to  sales  and 
margins, but also in active control of our cost base. It is no longer sufficient simply to provide a value based offering, we must meet our 
customers’ expectations in key areas in order to remain their preferred supplier.

Our strategies are designed to allow us to continue our long term record of growth in Hospitality markets and continue the recent success 
in middle market retail distribution channels. We aim to continue to supply our long term partners with attractive well designed ceramics.

Design
It is a key strategic aim to design products that meet our end users’ requirements in terms of performance, shape and surface design. 
Our target markets require product that is aesthetically appealing whilst also being functional and robust.

We offer a broad range of product satisfying a range of design styles, product types and price points. All our product, whether made 
in  our  own  factory  or  sourced  from  third  party  manufacturers,  is  researched  and  designed  within  Churchill  or  in  conjunction  with 
experienced  external  designers  and  licensors.  The  ability  to  develop  new  products  and  ranges  and  to  bring  these  to  market  is  an 
important part of our success. 

We have invested significant resource in new staff and flexible technology to increase our capability in this area. We believe that our rate 
of expenditure in both revenue and capital projects will continue to give us significant advantage.

Quality
We understand that quality must exist throughout our business process. Quality is reflected not only in the appearance of our product 
but in its design, its performance in operation and in the systems which support the fulfilment of our contract with our customers. 

In addition to the maintenance of quality systems within manufacturing and operations, we have had to develop working methods with 
suppliers to ensure that the product that our customer receives is as they expect. This includes the identification and review of potential 
suppliers, and the periodic audit of established partners.

We also measure quality through the review of customer feedback and active involvement with our customers after we have sold product 
to them.

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Customer Service
Customer service remains a key element of our strategy. The fulfilment of customer expectations is critical to the maintenance of good 
relationships. Most of our customers are repeat customers and as such we must ensure that they return to Churchill. 

We have steadily developed our IT systems to forecast likely demand for products and to manage our stock holding to ensure that we 
meet ambitious on time, in full, delivery targets. In addition, we have organised our production facilities to balance efficient production 
with  flexible  manufacture  to  ensure  that  we  can  respond  quickly  to  unexpected  demand  levels.  We  aim  to  invest  regularly  in  new 
production technology in order to meet changing demand levels and to develop our IT systems in this area. We continue to invest in 
customer service.

We assess our performance in this area principally by measurement of the degree to which we meet agreed order delivery schedules 
on time and in full. 

Future outlook
The Board believes that long term demand for hospitality products in developed markets will continue to increase as leisure related 
spending grows. There has been a long term expansion in eating out in the UK and the Group intends to continue to extend its leading 
UK position whilst investing in the development of export markets.

In the UK we believe that we will continue to reinforce our market leadership based on our programme of introducing new products 
specifically targeted at meeting customer requirements. The opportunities overseas may be divided into markets where hospitality is well 
established, but the Group has not yet achieved a reasonable market share and developmental markets where demand for hospitality 
products is likely to grow as local or regional economies develop. It is therefore believed that there will be significant opportunities for 
further and sustained growth in the medium and long term.

Retail markets have been generally difficult for several years driven by changes in the structure of distribution channels within the market 
place and intense competitive pressure largely caused by over capacity in the worldwide ceramics market. The Group’s established 
strategy of developing sales to middle market distribution channels will continue whilst we will increasingly target our efforts within 
volume channels towards higher margin accounts.

In the short term, economic uncertainty may affect the rate of growth of our core markets and this will be reflected in our approach to 
these markets. However, the Group will retain a long term, investment led approach to its development.

Principal risks and uncertainties
The Group’s operations are subject to a number of risks. The key business risks affecting the Group are set out below:

Market change
The Group operates in dynamic markets where there have been significant recent changes to economic conditions, the major distribution 
channels within each market and the relative competitive position of suppliers to these markets. It is therefore important that the Group 
continues to review the markets in which it currently operates and wishes to develop to ensure that it continues to meet customer needs 
in an efficient and profitable manner. The Group will actively manage its market exposure and profitability.

The  risk  inherent  in  each  market  is  offset  by  the  relatively  broad  spread  of  our  operations  in  geographic  terms  and  by  a  widening 
portfolio of products to serve different segments of these markets. We are also actively developing new geographic markets.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

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Currency exposure
The Group’s position as a worldwide provider of ceramic and related products means that our profitability will be subject to currency 
fluctuations related to export sales and the purchase of certain products for resale. Our policy is generally to offer our customers the 
option to be invoiced in their local currency. Our non sterling receipts are principally denominated in US dollars and euros. Against 
US dollar receipts we have a natural offset due to our overseas sourcing operations where the cost of purchase from our third party 
suppliers is generally denominated in US dollars.

We review and control our transactional foreign currency exposure regularly and take appropriate action to manage net exposures using 
simple option forward contracts. We do not as a matter of policy take longer term positions to cover economic foreign currency exposure 
in this area, but review currency rate changes as part of our pricing policy. 

Cost competitiveness
Our markets have been subject to significant cost movements in recent years. We have augmented our UK production facilities with a 
wide range of third party suppliers who generally operate in lower cost environments. The spread of these suppliers gives us the ability 
to switch elements of production to obtain the best balance of quality and price. At present cost levels are generally rising faster in our 
supplier base than in our own production facilities. As such we will to continue to improve UK production capability.

As a major user of energy within our production process we have an exposure to changes in availability and price of gas and electricity. 
We have sought to control this risk through management of our overall energy consumption and through contractual arrangements to 
ensure that we maintain adequate supplies of power at a cost which enables us to operate efficiently.

Customer and supplier creditworthiness
Whilst the Group maintains a strong balance sheet and credit position it operates in a market where both customers and suppliers are 
exposed to credit and liquidity related problems. The Group manages this risk by trading, where possible, on secured terms and by 
regularly reviewing the financial position of key business partners.

Product compliance
We are exposed to risk in relation to our products meeting accepted safety standards within the markets we serve. Each major geographic 
market applies different standards and legal penalties may be considerable for non compliance.

We manage these risks principally through the monitoring of applicable standards, the testing of our product to ensure it meets these 
standards and sale in accordance with local regulations. We also, where practical, maintain appropriate external insurance.

Key performance indicators
Sales and sales growth
The absolute level of sales and sales growth are reviewed regularly through the year against previous year and target levels. 

Sales 2010: £43.7m (2009: £41.7m).

Sales growth 2010: 5% (2009: -1%).

Our sales to UK customers fell by 3% overall as volume Retail channels became more competitive. This was partially offset by a much 
stronger performance in Hospitality markets. We increased our revenue from Europe by 24% where Spain in particular demonstrated a 
good recovery. North American sales, which grew by 20% were also strong.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Customer service and inventory
Customer service and inventory holding levels are reviewed on a regular basis as part of the operational management of the Group’s 
business. The main  aim  of  this  measure  is  to  ensure  that the Group’s strong reputation for on time order fulfilment is maintained, 
consistent with the efficient operation of production and sourcing activities and the optimisation of working capital.

Inventory 2010: £8.2m (2009: £7.1m).

Following the reduction in inventory achieved in 2009 and aligned to the growth in our sales to Hospitality customers we have increased 
production levels and inventory holdings to ensure we maintain customer service levels.

Operating profit and profit before taxation
The level of operating profit and significant factors affecting its delivery are reviewed and controlled on a regular basis.

Operating profit 2010: £2.3m (2009: £2.3m).

Operating profit before tax was maintained despite a loss in margin from a more competitive Retail market as both sales and gross 
profit moved forward in our Hospitality division. We incurred additional costs associated with longer term investment in new product 
development and in building inventory levels to support increased sales. Operating margins remained acceptable at 5.2% (2009: 5.5%).

The level of profit before tax is reviewed on a monthly basis against previous performance and target levels. 

Profit before taxation 2010: £2.3m (2009: £2.1m).

Profit before taxation moved forward by over 11% as operating profits were maintained, notional interest charge associated with our 
pension scheme liability reduced and our share of the profit of our associate Company Furlong Mills recovered.

Operating cash generation
The  Group  believes  that  over  an  extended  time  period  it  is  important  to  generate  cash  at  an  operating  level  equivalent  to  declared 
operating profit. This measure identifies the effectiveness of our control over working capital demands and ensures that cash is available 
for further investment in the business, to meet taxation payments and to ensure that our shareholders receive an appropriate return.

Operating profit 2010: £2.3m (2009: £2.3m).

Operating cash generation 2010: £1.1m (2009: £3.4m).

Percentage of operating cash generation to operating profit for the year 48% (2009: 151%).

Three year average percentage of operating cash generation to operating profit 95% (2009: 147%).

Operating cash generation reduced as both inventory and receivables increased. Inventory levels rose to support growth in our Hospitality 
business. The rise in receivables reflected both a higher level of business in the fourth quarter and slightly extended payment terms over 
the year end. Over a 3 year cycle operating cash generation remains in line with operating profits.

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19

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Employees
The Group recognises that well trained, motivated and committed employees are critical to the current and future success of our business. 
We aim to involve our workforce, through employee communication, team briefs and various internal forums to encourage our employees 
to engage with the Company’s strategy and goals. We have worked hard to develop and foster an open and constructive relationship with 
our employees and their trade union representation and meet with them regularly to discuss developments within the business.

Training and development at all levels within the business is actively promoted, from essential skills to professional qualifications. We 
have worked extensively with our local further education college through Train to Gain with over 90% of our weekly paid employees 
working to at least one vocational qualification. Our programme to offer essential skills within the working day has been of substantial 
benefit to a number of the employees who took advantage of this opportunity. Our engineering and supervisory multi-skilling programmes 
are core to us meeting strategic manufacturing objectives. In difficult economic times our focus on training demonstrates our long term 
commitment to our workforce and this has helped overall morale, motivation and labour retention.

Our ongoing graduate programme continues to bring high quality recruits to the business. The early members of this programme are 
now reaching high levels within the organisation and represent a key part of our management team.

We remain committed to Total Quality Management using Business Improvement Techniques to engage employees in the development 
of new methods to improve quality, processes and performance.

The  Company  is  fully  committed  to  its  equal  opportunities  employment  policy  offering  equality  in  recruitment,  training,  career 
development  and  promotion  of  all  employees  irrespective  of  gender,  ethnic  origin,  age,  nationality,  marital  status,  religion,  sexual 
orientation or disability. If an employee were to become disabled during their employment every effort would be made to retain them 
within the business and offer appropriate retraining.

Health and safety
The health and safety of our employees is central to our operations and we invest significant effort and resource to target continuous 
improvement.  Health  and  safety  is  a  Board  responsibility  and  receives  constant  management  focus,  the  Board  has  access  to 
appropriately trained and skilled assistance to meet its obligations. Our approach to health and safety is embedded in our day-to-day 
working practices. Our health and safety policy is documented and published and we aim to identify and to reduce health and safety risks 
associated with our operations to the lowest practical levels.

We work to continually improve Health and Safety providing a safe and healthy working environment for all our employees and visitors. 
NEBOSH, NVQs and internal training programmes are regularly offered to update safety skills for all our employees.

Environment, social and community
The Group considers and manages the impact of its actions on the environment and wider social and community issues. We are anxious 
that we take into account our economic, social and environmental impact locally, nationally and internationally.

The principal impact of the Group’s operations on the environment are in relation to the energy it consumes and the waste products 
produced  as  part  of  its  operations.  Whilst  the  Company  manufactures  a  product  which  may  be  reused  many  hundreds  of  times,  a 
significant amount of energy is consumed in its production. As a result of this we have invested over several years to reduce our energy 
consumption and have replaced older systems and machinery with more modern energy efficient plant and procedures. We run ongoing 
programmes to minimise energy usage and waste. 

We understand that we have an impact on our local community and consider the effect of our actions on our local area. Where possible 
we  work  to  reduce  any  adverse  effects  of  our  operations,  consistent  with  the  needs  of  other  stakeholders  within  our  business.  We 
actively engage within our community  through contact with our neighbours and local schools and particularly through local charity 
initiatives. We encourage and support our employees to become involved in community and charitable work.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Research and development
The  introduction  of  new  and  innovative  products  and  designs  remains  a  cornerstone  of  our  future  strategy.  The  Group’s  aim  is  to 
continue to identify future market trends and then to design and develop products that meet these needs. A significant effort is made 
to develop our process technology to allow the introduction of more complex product designs. New product development is controlled 
through regular meetings and the success of new launches is reviewed in the short term against individual targets and over the longer 
term as a function of our strategy.

We  have  sought  to  develop  our  technical  advantage  and  the  Group  is  accredited  by  the  United  Kingdom  Accreditation  Service  as  
an approved testing laboratory under ISO 17025. This will enable us both to optimise our own trading position and to offer services to 
other manufacturers.

Overseas branches
The Group’s principal operations are located within the United Kingdom; however, Churchill China plc also operates from a US based 
sales subsidiary and has recently established an Australian branch.

Insurance for Directors
The Group maintains insurance for the Directors in respect of their duties as Directors. 

Financing
The  Group  currently  has  in  place  access  to  short  term  variable  rate  financing  arrangements  to  provide  finance  for  working  capital 
requirements should they be required. Long term financing is from equity and retained earnings.

Financial instruments
The Group uses its own cash resources and forward exchange contracts and foreign currency bank accounts to manage its exposure to 
exchange rate risk caused by trading activities in currencies other than sterling.

The  risk  management  policy  adopted  is  to  regularly  review  forward  foreign  currency  cash  flows,  identifying  the  currency  effect  of 
completed  sale  and  purchase  transactions,  transactions  which  have  been  contracted  for  but  not  completed  and  an  assessment  of 
expected likely forward cash flows. The net currency exposure arising from this review is then managed using forward option contracts. 
Net  currency  exposures  are  generally  covered  between  3  and  6  months  forward  at  any  point  in  time.  The  Group  does  not  trade  in 
financial instruments.

The  Group  has  no  material  interest  rate  risk;  the  only  interest  rate  exposure  is  in  relation  to  returns  on  short  term  cash  deposits  
and borrowings.

Note 2 to the accounts include financial risk considerations.

Land and buildings
The current value of land and buildings is in the opinion of the Directors in excess of the value included in these accounts. This has not 
been quantified because independent valuations have not been undertaken.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Substantial shareholdings
The Directors have been advised of the following individual interests, or group of interests, other than those dealt with in the summary 
of Directors’ interests in the Report of the Remuneration Committee, held by persons acting together, which at 21 March 2011 exceeded 
3% of the Company’s issued share capital:

Shareholder 

New Landfinance Limited 
J A Roper 
S Baker 
E S & S J Roper 
Rensburg Sheppards Investment Management  
M J & G Roper 
Henderson Global Investors 

Number of
ordinary shares 

Percentage

2,027,110 
1,102,500 
1,100,000 
847,265 
630,869 
625,380 
440,000 

18.6%
10.1%
10.1%
8.2%
6.2%
5.8%
4.0%

Share repurchase
During  the  year  the  Company  repurchased  32,000  (2009:  nil)  10p  ordinary  shares  at  a  total  cost  of  £91,000  (2009:  £nil)  in  order  to 
improve overall shareholder return. 35,400 (2009: 10,000) shares were reissued in respect of employee share option schemes for a total 
consideration of £49,000 (2009: £21,000). The maximum number of shares held by the Company during the year was 35,400 10p ordinary 
shares.  The  Company  retains  a  power,  subject  to  the  fulfilment  of  certain  conditions  and  as  approved  at  the  2010  Annual  General 
Meeting, for the further purchase of its own shares.

Suppliers
The Group agrees terms and conditions covering its business with its suppliers at the time of each transaction or in advance. In normal 
circumstances payment is generally made in accordance with these terms, subject to suppliers meeting the agreed terms and conditions.

The Group’s average creditor payment period at 31 December 2010 was 36 days (2009: 38 days). The Company has no trade creditors.

Political and charitable contributions
Contributions made by the Group during the year for political and charitable purposes were £nil (2009: £nil) and £3,000 (2009: £4,000) 
respectively. In addition to the above, the Group regularly donates quantities of product to charitable causes. The estimated value of 
these donations in 2010 was £9,000 (2009: £9,000). The Group’s policy in respect of charitable donations is to support local charities and 
institutions, particularly in relation to education and sport.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  law  and 
regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have prepared 
the Group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European 
Union,  and  the  parent  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom  Generally  Accepted  Accounting  Practice 
(United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under Company law the Directors must not approve the financial statements 
unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and of the profit or loss 
of the Group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:

l  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
l  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
l  state whether IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any 

material departures disclosed and explained in the Group and parent Company financial statements respectively;

l  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue  

in business.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s transactions 
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and enable them to ensure that 
the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company 
and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Disclosure of information to auditors
In the case of each of the persons who are Directors at the date of this report, as far as each Director is aware, there is no relevant audit 
information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware. Relevant information is defined as ‘information needed by the Company’s 
auditors in connection with preparing their report’. Each Director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken in his duty as a 
Director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of 
that information.

Independent auditors
The auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, have indicated their willingness to continue in office and a resolution that they be reappointed 
will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

By order of the Board

D J S Taylor
Company Secretary 
29 March 2011

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Remuneration policy
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

The terms of Reference for the Remuneration Committee are listed below:

l  To determine, on behalf of the Board and the Shareholders, the Company’s broad policy for Executive reward and the entire individual 
remuneration including terms of service for each of the Executive Directors (and as appropriate other nominated Senior Executives).
In doing so, to give the Executive Directors appropriate encouragement to enhance Company performance and ensure that they are 
fairly but reasonably rewarded for their individual responsibilities, abilities and contribution.
l  To report and account directly to the Shareholders, on behalf of the Board, for their decisions.

l 

The Remuneration Committee issued a policy statement which is endorsed by the Board. In determining its policy the Committee has 
given full consideration to Section B of the best practices provisions annexed to the Listing Rules of the London Stock Exchange. The 
two elements of this statement are:

l  Total rewards to Executive Directors are intended to provide a comprehensive benefit package which both attracts and motivates 
individuals of calibre and experience to achieve continuous improvement in shareholder benefits (whilst at all times maintaining the 
highest levels of integrity). Reflecting individual responsibilities, abilities, expertise and preferences, a balance is sought between 
guaranteed income through salary and pension with incentives aligned to measurable criteria in relation to short term performance 
in the form of annual bonus schemes and longer term share based plans.

l  Total rewards will be set with acknowledgement of comparable rewards in industry-related public companies and those of similar 
scale and also with sensitivity to subordinate staff within the Company with whom the packages will as far as possible be consistent 
and fair.

The Remuneration Committee has the power to consider the Group’s performance on environmental, social and governance issues 
when setting the remuneration of Executive Directors.

The Remuneration Committee is composed of J W Morgan, who acts as Chairman, J N E Sparey and A J McWalter, all of whom are non 
executive Directors.

During  the  year  the  following  provided  advice  which  materially  assisted  the  Remuneration  Committee:  A  D  Roper  (Chief  Executive 
Officer) and A M Basnett (HR Director, Churchill China (UK) Limited).

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Directors’ emoluments
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited. Emoluments of the Directors were as follows:

2010
Executive
A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 
Non executive
J N E Sparey 
R S Kettel 
J W Morgan 

2009
Executive
A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 
Non executive
J N E Sparey 
R S Kettel 
J W Morgan 

  Performance 
bonuses 
£ 

Salary 
£ 

200,000 
170,231 
184,000 
132,333 

58,000 
12,644 
36,000 

5,000 
10,000 
25,000 
15,000 

– 
– 
– 

Benefits 

Aggregate 
in kind  emoluments 
£ 

£ 

Aggregate
  emoluments
including
pensions
£

Pensions 
 (see below) 
£ 

1,039 
12,959 
1,135 
1,135 

– 
– 
– 

206,039 
193,190 
210,135 
148,468 

58,000 
12,644 
36,000 

– 
11,916 
12,880 
9,263 

– 
– 
– 

206,039
205,106
223,015
157,731

58,000
12,644
36,000

793,208 

55,000 

16,268 

864,476 

34,059 

898,535

199,667 
164,000 
169,000 
118,000 

58,000 
36,000 
36,000 

20,000 
20,000 
20,000 
10,000 

– 
– 
– 

993 
15,318 
14,121 
8,258 

– 
– 
– 

220,660 
199,318 
203,121 
136,258 

58,000 
36,000 
36,000 

– 
11,480 
11,830 
8,260 

– 
– 

220,660
210,798
214,951
144,518

58,000
36,000
36,000

780,667 

70,000 

38,690 

889,357 

31,570 

920,927

There were no contracts of significance during or at the end of the financial year in which a Director of the Company was materially 
interested.

Performance bonuses for executive Directors are earned on a basis combining increases in Group profitability and the achievement of 
defined personal performance objectives.

Benefits in kind include the provision of car benefits, fuel benefits and medical insurance. No Director waived emoluments in respect of 
the years ended 31 December 2010 and 2009. 

Pension costs represent contributions as defined by the London Stock Exchange guidance and are contributions made by the Group to 
defined contribution schemes. For additional information in respect of Directors’ pensions refer to the section ‘Pensions’ below.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share options
This  section  of  the  Report  of  the  Remuneration  Committee  is  audited.  Details  of  share  options  granted  under  the  Executive  and 
unapproved Executive schemes are as follows:

D J S Taylor
Unapproved Executive scheme 
Approved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 

D M O’Connor
Unapproved Executive scheme 
Approved Executive Scheme 
Unapproved Executive Scheme 

I T Hicks
Approved Executive scheme 
Unapproved Executive scheme 

Number 
of options 

Number
of options 
Date of  31 December  31 December 
2010 
2009 

grant 

Exercise 
price 
pence 

Date
from which 
exercisable 

13.04.00 
05.12.00 
05.12.00 
19.04.02 
30.04.04 

– 
– 
– 
15,000 
10,000 

7,500 
2,000 
20,500 
15,000 
10,000 

118.5 
151 
151 
171 
208 

Apr 2003 
Dec 2003 
Dec 2003 
Apr 2005 
Apr 2007 

25,000 

55,000

Expiry
date

Apr 2010
Dec 2010
Dec 2010
Apr 2012
Apr 2014

19.04.02 
30.04.04 
30.04.04 

– 
4,000 
6,000 

10,000 
4,000 
6,000 

171 
208 
208 

Apr 2005 
Apr 2007 
Apr 2007 

Apr 2012
Apr 2014
Apr 2014

10,000 

20,000

30.04.04 
30.04.04 

6,000 
4,000 

6,000 
4,000 

208 
208 

Apr 2007 
Apr 2007 

Apr 2014
Apr 2014

10,000 

10,000

No share options were granted to Directors during the year.

On 1 April 2010 D J S Taylor exercised 7,500 share options granted under the Unapproved Executive Share Option Scheme at an exercise 
price of 118.5p, 2,000 share options granted under the Executive Share Option Scheme and 20,500 share options under the Unapproved 
Executive  Share  Option  Scheme,  both  at  an  exercise  price  of  151p.  On  the  same  day  D  M  O’Connor  exercised  10,000  share  options 
granted under the Unapproved Executive Share Option scheme at an exercise price of 171p.

The market price at the date of exercise was 275p.

Share options are granted to Directors in accordance with the terms of reference of the Remuneration Committee (see page [18]) to 
provide encouragement to enhance Group performance in the long term and having regard to each employee’s responsibilities, ability 
and contribution. The grant of options is made at market value at the date of grant at no cost to the employee. 

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  above  options  are  only  exercisable  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  performance  criteria  in  relation  to  sustained  improvement  in 
the  financial  performance  of  the  Group.  In  the  case  of  the  above  options  the  Remuneration  Committee  consider  that  a  sustained 
improvement in the financial performance of the Group represents an increase in the adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share of the 
Group of at least 6% above the increase in the Retail Price Index over the 3 year period from the beginning of the financial year in which 
the option was granted.

Shares options are granted to other employees; however, these employees are not considered key management as defined by IAS 24.

Phantom Share Scheme
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

Details of share options granted under the Phantom Share Scheme are as follows:

Number of 
Number of
phantom 
phantom
shares 
shares 
Date of  31 December  31 December 
2010 
2009 

grant 

19.12.07 
19.12.07 
12.05.08 
19.12.07 
19.12.07 
12.05.08 
19.12.07 
19.12.07 
12.05.08 

15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 

15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 
15,000 
15,000 
10,000 

Base value 
pence 

Cap value 
pence 

300 
300 
284 
300 
300 
284 
300 
300 
284 

550 
700 
684 
550 
700 
684 
550 
700 
684 

Date
from which 
exercisable 

Dec 2010 
Dec 2011 
May 2012 
Dec 2010 
Dec 2011 
May 2012 
Dec 2010 
Dec 2011 
May 2012 

Expiry
date

Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013
Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013
Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013

D J S Taylor 

D M O’Connor 

I T Hicks 

The above options are only exercisable subject to the satisfaction of performance criteria in relation to a sustained improvement in 
the  financial  performance  of  the  Group.  In  the  case  of  the  above  options  the  Remuneration  Committee  considers  that  a  sustained 
improvement in the financial performance of the Group represents an increase in the adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share of the 
Group of at least 2% per annum above the Retail Price Index over the period from the beginning of the financial year in which the option 
was granted.

The market price of the Company’s shares at the end of the financial year was 305p (2009: 275p). The range of prices for the year to  
31 December 2010 was 257.75p to 310.0p (2009: 155p to 299.75p) per ordinary share.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains made by Directors on share options
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited. 

The gains made by the Directors from the exercise of share options during the year, calculated at the market share price at the date of 
exercise of the options is as follows:

D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 

Pensions
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

2010 
£ 

39,638 
10,400 

50,038 

2009
£

–
–

–

The method of provision of pension benefits to Directors changed during 2006. Up to 31 March 2006 benefits were provided through a 
defined benefit scheme, the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme. On 31 March 2006 the accrual of future benefits under this 
scheme ceased and future pension provision was made under a Group Personal Pension arrangement. The disclosures below reflect 
this change.

Pension benefits earned by Directors under the defined benefit scheme were as follows:

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 

The disclosure above is in accordance with London Stock Exchange guidance.

Change in
  benefit over 
the year  
 (excl. inflation) 
£ 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

Accrued 
benefit  
£ 

116,009 
27,350 
26,866 
16,252 

186,477 

Capital
value of
increase 
£

–
–
–
–

–

Increase in 
benefit over 

Transfer 
value at 

Change in
Transfer 
value at  transfer value
the year   31 December  31 December  less Directors’
2009  contributions
£

2010 
£ 

  (incl. inflation) 
£ 

£ 

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
I T Hicks 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

1,924,740 
371,331 
281,382 
98,210 

1,776,247 
394,136 
302,042 
116,154 

148,493
(22,805)
(20,660)
(17,944)

2,675,663 

2,588,579 

87,084

The disclosure above is in accordance with the guidance in the Companies Act 2006.

The accrued benefit above is the amount of pension that would be paid each year on retirement based on service to 31 December 2010 
or the date of retirement if earlier.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All transfer values have been calculated on the basis of actuarial advice in accordance with Actuarial Guidance Note GN11. The transfer 
values of the accrued entitlement represent the value of assets that the pension scheme would need to transfer to another pension 
provider on transferring  the  scheme’s  liability  in  respect  of the Directors’ pension benefits that they earned in respect of qualifying 
services. They do not represent the sums payable to the individual Directors.

The transfer value above discloses the current value of the increase in accrued benefits that the Director has earned in the period, 
whereas the change in his transfer value discloses the absolute increase or decrease in his transfer value and includes the change in 
value of accrued benefits that results from market volatility affecting the transfer value at the beginning of the period, as well as the 
additional value earned in the year.

All scheme members have the opportunity to pay Additional Voluntary Contributions. Neither the contributions nor the resulting benefits 
are included in the above table.

All executive Directors are deferred members of the Churchill Retirement Benefit Scheme. The pension benefit of A D Roper is funded 
to allow retirement based on accrued service to 31 March 2006 on attaining the age of 60 years. The pension benefit of D J S Taylor 
is funded to allow retirement between the ages of 60 and 65 with a pension based on accrued service to 31 March 2006. The pension 
benefits of D M O’Connor and I T Hicks are funded to allow retirement at 65 with a pension based on accrued service to 31 March 2006.

D J S Taylor, D M O’Connor and I T Hicks are members of the Churchill China 2006 Group Personal Pension Plan. Contributions paid by 
the Group in respect of this scheme were at a rate of 7% of pensionable salary. Only basic salary is pensionable. Contributions made 
by the Group were as shown on page 25.

Directors’ service contracts
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

Executive Directors are not appointed on contracts for a fixed duration. All executive Directors have contracts of service which can be 
terminated with a notice period of 12 months from the Company or 6 months from the Director. A D Roper’s service contract was signed 
on 10 September 2009, D J S Taylor’s on 6 October 2009, D M O’Connor’s on 21 March 2000 and I T Hicks’ on 14 September 2009.

Non executive Directors are appointed on fixed term contracts of 2 or 3 years’ duration. J N E Sparey and J W Morgan signed fixed term 
contracts of 2 year’s duration on 19 May 2009. A J McWalter signed a fixed term contract of 3 years duration on 31 December 2010.

There are no defined contractual payments in the event of termination of a Director’s service contract.

page

29

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Directors’ interests
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

The interests of the Directors and their immediate families and family trusts at 31 December 2010 in the 10p ordinary shares of the 
Company were as follows:

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
D M O’Connor 
J N E Sparey 
I T Hicks  
J W Morgan 
A J McWalter 

2010 

2009

662,430 
17,500 
5,599 
45,600 
2,500 
28,000 
– 

864,930
13,500
5,599
43,100
2,500
28,000
–

761,629 

957,629

A D Roper’s non-beneficial shareholdings included above at 31 December 2010 were nil (2009: 202,500) 10p ordinary shares, as trustee 
of various trusts established for the benefit of his children.

A D Roper’s interest in the 10p ordinary shares of the Company at 31 December 2010 represented 6.1% (2009: 7.9%) of the Company’s 
issued share capital.

There has been no change in the interests set out above between 31 December 2010 and 29 March 2011.

page

30

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Graph
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited. 

Total Shareholder Return

250

200

150

100

50

0

2005 

2006 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010

Churchill

AIM

FTSE Fledgling

(Source: Brewin Dolphin)

Over the 5 year period against which the total shareholder return from the Group is being assessed, performance has been substantially 
above that generated by the AIM index and well above that shown by the FTSE Fledgling index. Total returns in the year have been 
supported by improved profitability and continuation of our dividend policy. Our overall 5 year return has remained positive at an average 
compound rate of over 16%. Over the 5 year period total shareholder return from the Company has been 118%, whilst that achieved by 
the AIM index as a whole was -5% and the FTSE Fledgling 48%. In the year to 31 December 2010 the overall return from the Company 
was 16%, the AIM index achieved a 44% return and the FTSE Fledgling index 22%.

In the opinion of the Directors the above indices are the most appropriate indices against which to measure the total shareholder return 
of Churchill China plc as they are constituted of businesses of similar size to the Group.

On behalf of the Board

J W Morgan
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee
29 March 2011

page

31

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
This statement is unaudited.

As a Company quoted on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange, the Company is not required to comply 
with the Principles of Good Governance and Code of Best Practice (‘the Combined Code’). However, the Board supports the standards 
required by the Combined Code and seeks to comply with the principles of the Code as far as practically possible.

The Board of Directors
The Board is currently composed of 4 executive and 3 non executive Directors and meets at least 11 times per year. It is felt that the 
current composition and operation of the Board is adequate to ensure a balance of power and authority. The non executive members 
of the Board take an active and influential part in Board procedures and a senior independent non executive Director, J W Morgan, has 
been formally appointed.

The  Combined  Code  recommends  that  the  Boards  of  listed  companies  include  at  least  3  independent  non  executive  Directors.  J  W 
Morgan and A J McWalter are considered to be independent. J N E Sparey is no longer considered to be independent as his period of 
service now exceeds 10 years.The Board does not consider this is a material departure from the terms of the Combined Code.

In addition to a formal agenda covering financial control, management and business development, there is appropriate debate addressing 
areas outside the regular agenda to ensure that all Directors are able to take an informed view of the progress of the business. The 
nature  of  the  organisational  structure  of  the  Group  allows  executive  Directors  to  maintain  a  close  involvement  in  all  aspects  of  the 
Group’s operations. A schedule of matters reserved for Board decision is maintained and a procedure exists to allow Directors access 
to independent professional advice if required.

The following table shows the attendance of Directors at Board meetings through the year.

A D Roper 
D J S Taylor 
R S Kettel (until retirement) 
D M O’Connor 
J N E Sparey 
I T Hicks 
J W Morgan 

Meetings  
held 

Meetings
attended

12 
12 
6 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12
12
5
11
11
12
11

The Directors consider that the Board of Directors includes key management for all areas of the business and that there are no other 
key management which require disclosure.

There are 2 principal sub-committees of the Board.

The Audit Committee, which is wholly composed of non executive Directors, meets at least twice per year to receive reports from executive 
management and external auditors and is normally attended by the Finance Director. The Audit Committee is currently chaired by J W 
Morgan. It is intended that A J McWalter will assume the chairmanship of this Committee after the 2011 Annual General Meeting.

The Remuneration Committee is wholly composed of non executive Directors and is normally attended by the Chief Executive Officer 
who takes no part in discussions on his own remuneration. The Remuneration Committee is chaired by J W Morgan.

Terms of reference for both Committees and a remuneration policy statement have been agreed by the Board.

The Company does not have a Nomination Committee as new Board appointments are discussed by the Board as a whole, rather than 
by delegation to a Committee.

page

32

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Internal control
The  Board  of  Directors  has  overall  responsibility  for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal  control  and  is  responsible  for  reviewing  its 
effectiveness. This system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and provides 
reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss.

The Board has established a system for ongoing review of risk assessment and management procedures to ensure that the controls on which it 
places reliance are operating satisfactorily and that new risks to which the business becomes exposed through its activities are recognised and 
appropriate controls implemented. These procedures have been in operation throughout the year and in the period to the date of this report.

The risks to which the Group is exposed are formally reviewed by the Board twice a year. More regular reviews of individual risk areas 
are  carried  out  and  the  results  reported  to  the  Board.  Operational  responsibility  for  each  of  the  main  risk  areas  has  been  clearly 
identified and are allocated to either Directors of the Company or of the Company’s principal operating subsidiary Churchill China (UK) 
Limited, under the supervision of the Board as a whole. Individual managers and employees are also aware, where appropriate, of their 
responsibilities in both identifying and controlling risk.

The  Company’s  systems  in  relation  to  risk  assessment  and  control  seek  to  ensure  that  as  part  of  the  normal  process  of  business 
management material risks are identified and brought to the attention of the Board. Directors review risk as part of a regular programme 
of  meetings  covering  both  general  business  processes  and  specific  risk  areas.  A  system  of  reporting  is  in  place  to  provide  control 
information on key risk areas within reports submitted to the Board and reviewed. In addition to this, Directors and managers are aware 
of their responsibility to monitor both changes in business activity and changes to the economic legislative environment in which the 
Company operates. Potential new risk areas have been identified and control procedures documented.

The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal control during the year.

Internal audit
The Company does not employ an internal audit department and does not believe that, given the size and structure of the business, 
the geographic proximity of its major operations and the close control effected by the involvement of executive Directors in the day-to-
day running of the business, such a department would not provide an effective means of gaining significant improvements in internal 
control. The requirement for an internal audit function is reviewed annually.

Internal financial control 
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group’s systems of internal financial control which it exercises through an organisational 
structure with authorisation, monitoring and reporting procedures which are appropriate to the needs of the business. These systems have been 
designed to give the Board reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. The principal features of the Group’s 
system of internal financial control are: the maintenance of a control environment in which the need for the highest standards of behaviour 
and integrity are communicated to employees; the use of a detailed reporting system covering performance against comprehensive financial 
and other key operating indicators. The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the operation and effectiveness of the system of internal 
financial control during the year. The Board has responded to this review with management and work to address the areas identified.

Going concern
The Board confirms that having made enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group and the Company have 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing financial statements.

By order of the Board

D J S Taylor
Company Secretary
29 March 2011

page

33

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

We have audited the Group and parent Company financial statements (the ‘financial statements’) of Churchill China plc for the year 
ended 31 December 2010 which comprise the Consolidated income statement, the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income, 
the Consolidated balance sheet, the Company balance sheet, the Consolidated statement of changes in equity, the Consolidated cash 
flow statement, the Reconciliation of operating profit to net cash inflow from operating activities and the related notes. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Group financial statements is applicable law and International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting framework that has been applied 
in the preparation of the parent Company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Respective responsibilities of Directors and auditors
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement set out on page [16], the Directors are responsible for the preparation 
of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that  they  give  a  true  and  fair  view.  Our  responsibility  is  to  audit  and  express  an 
opinion on the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors.

This report, including the opinions, has been prepared for and only for the Company’s members as a body in accordance with Chapter 3 
of part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and for no other purpose. We do not, in giving these opinions, accept or assume responsibility for 
any other purpose or to any other person to whom this report is shown or into whose hands it may come save where expressly agreed 
by our prior consent in writing.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements
An  audit  involves  obtaining  evidence  about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements  sufficient  to  give  reasonable 
assurance  that  the  financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  caused  by  fraud  or  error.  This  includes  an 
assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Group’s and parent Company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the Directors; and the 
overall presentation of the financial statements.

Opinion
In our opinion:

l 

l 
l 

l 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the parent Company’s affairs as at 31 December 
2010 and of the Group’s profit and cash flows for the year then ended;
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union;
the parent financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice; and
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

page

34

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion the information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

l  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 

from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

l 
l  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
l  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Mike Robinson (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors
Birmingham
29 March 2011

page

35

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Revenue 

Operating profit 
Share of results of associate company 
Finance income 
Finance costs 

Profit before income tax 
Income tax expense 

Profit for the year 

Attributable to equity holders of the Company 

Earnings per ordinary share 
Diluted earnings per share 

All of the above figures relate to continuing operations.

Total 
2010 
£’000 

Total
2009
£’000

Notes 

4 

43,746 

41,705

5 
15 
8 
8 

10 

2,287 
162 
41 
(176) 

2,314 
(583) 

2,288
(18)
119 
(320)

2,069
(513)

1,731 

1,556

1,731 

1,556

11 
11 

15.8p 
15.8p 

14.3p
14.2p

The notes on pages 43 to 75 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The Company has elected to take the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 to not present the parent Company profit 
and loss account. The profit of the parent company for the year was £68,000 (2009: loss of £23,000).

page

36

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income
Actuarial gain/(loss) on defined benefit obligations (note 23) 
Currency translation differences 
Other 

Other comprehensive income for the year  
Profit for the year 

Total comprehensive income/(expense) for the year 

Attributable to:
Equity holders of the Company 

2010 
£’000 

1,894 
7 
– 

1,901 
1,731 

2009
£’000

(4,136)
(14)
2

(4,148)
1,556

3,632 

(2,592)

3,632 

(2,592)

Amounts in the statement above are disclosed net of tax. The income tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income 
is disclosed in note 10.

The Company has no recognised gains and losses other than those included in its profit and loss account and therefore no separate 
Statement of Total Recognised Gains and Losses has been presented.

page

37

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
Non current assets
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Investment in associate 
Deferred income tax assets 

Current assets
Inventories  
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Assets held for sale 

Total assets 

Liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables   
Current income tax liabilities 

Non current liabilities
Deferred income tax liabilities 
Retirement benefit obligations 

Total liabilities 

Net assets  

Shareholders’ equity
Issued share capital 
Share premium account 
Treasury shares 
Other reserves 
Retained earnings 

Total equity 

Notes 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

13 
14 
15 
22 

18 
19 

15,030 
368 
887 
1,266 

14,299
498
725
2,163

17,551 

17,685

8,197 
9,963 
4,442 

7,142
9,031
6,882

22,602 

23,055

20 

– 

662

22,602 

23,717

40,153 

41,402

21 

(6,735) 
(501) 

(6,907)
(574)

(7,236) 

(7,481)

22 
23 

(1,678) 
(4,670) 

(1,676)
(7,709)

(13,584) 

(16,866)

26,569 

24,536

24 
24 
25 
26 
27 

1,096 
2,348 
(91) 
1,202 
22,014 

1,095
2,332
(117)
1,234
19,992

26,569 

24,536

The notes on pages 43 to 75 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements on pages 36 to 75 were approved by the Board of Directors on 29 March 2011 and were signed on its behalf by:

A D Roper 
Director   

D J S Taylor
Director

Company number 2709505

page

38

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed assets
Investment in associate 
Investments in subsidiaries 

Current assets
Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year 
Debtors: amounts falling due within one year 
Cash at bank and in hand   

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 

Net current assets 

Total assets less current liabilities 

Net assets  

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital 
Share premium account 
Treasury shares 
Other reserves 
Profit and loss account 

Total shareholders’ funds  

Notes 

15 
16 

19 
19 

21 

24 
24 
25 
26 
27 

2010 
£’000 

355 
2,195 

2009
£’000

355
2,195

2,550 

2,550

6,861 
299 
611 

7,771 
(21) 

8,500
290
517

9,307
(26)

7,750 

9,281

10,300 

11,831

10,300 

11,831

1,096 
2,348 
(91) 
24 
6,923 

1,095
2,332
(117)
69
8,452

10,300 

11,831

The notes on pages 43 to 75 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements on pages 36 to 75 were approved by the Board of Directors on 29 March 2011 and were signed on its behalf by:

A D Roper 
Director   

D J S Taylor
Director

page

39

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 January 2009 

24,086 

1,095 

2,332 

(138) 

1,236 

28,611

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Treasury 
shares 
£’000 

Other
reserves 
£’000 

Total
£’000

Comprehensive income:
  Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income:
  Depreciation transfer – gross 
  Depreciation transfer – tax 
  Actuarial losses – net of tax 
  Currency translation 

Total comprehensive expense 

Transactions with owners
  Dividends relating to 2008 and 2009 
  Share based payment 
  Treasury shares 

Total transactions with owners 

1,556 

12 
– 
(4,136) 
– 

(2,568) 

(1,526) 
– 
– 

(1,526) 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
21 

21 

– 

1,556

(12) 
2 
– 
(14) 

–
2
(4,136)
(14)

(24) 

(2,592)

– 
22 
– 

22 

(1,526)
22
21

(1,483)

Balance at 1 January 2010 

19,992 

1,095 

2,332 

(117) 

1,234 

24,536

Comprehensive income:
  Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income:
  Depreciation transfer – gross 
  Depreciation transfer – tax 
  Actuarial gains – net of tax 
  Currency translation 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners
  Dividends relating to 2009 and 2010 
  Proceeds of share issue  
  Share based payment 
  Treasury shares 

Total transactions with owners 

1,731 

12 
(18) 
1,894 
– 

3,619 

(1,529) 
– 
– 
(68) 

(1,597) 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
1 
– 
– 

1 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
16 
– 
– 

16 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
26 

26 

– 

1,731

(12) 
18 
– 
7 

–
–
1,894
7

13 

3,632

– 
– 
(45) 
– 

(1,529)
17
(45)
(42)

(45) 

(1,599)

Balance at 31 December 2010 

22,014 

1,096 

2,348 

(91) 

1,202 

26,569

page

40

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow from operating activities
Cash generated from operations (see note page 42) 
Interest received* 
Interest paid 
Income tax paid 

Net cash generated from operating activities 

Investing activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Purchases of intangible assets 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Financing activities
Issue of ordinary shares 
Purchase of treasury shares 
Dividends paid 

Net cash used in financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
Exchange losses on cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

2010 
£’000 

1,092 
41 
(20) 
(564) 

2009
£’000

3,439
119
–
(559)

549 

2,999

(1,507) 
129 
(58) 

(2,196)
42
(194)

(1,436) 

(2,348)

67 
(91) 
(1,529) 

21
–
(1,526)

(1,553) 

(1,505)

(2,440) 
6,882 
– 

(854)
7,738
(2)

4,442 

6,882

*  Conventionally interest received is included under the heading ‘Investing activities’; however, the Directors believe that as the Group 

holds cash in support of operating activities it should be disclosed as part of cash generated from operating activities.

page

41

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operating activities
Operating profit 
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation 
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
(Credit)/charge for share based payments 
Difference between pension service cost and contributions (see note 23) 
Changes in working capital:
Inventory 
Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables   

Net cash inflow from operations 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

2,287 

2,288

1,530 
(12) 
(45) 
(495) 

(1,055) 
(922) 
(196) 

1,396
(14)
22
(410)

1,335
(415)
(763)

1,092 

3,439

page

42

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1  Summary of significant accounting policies

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Churchill  China  plc  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU), IFRIC Interpretations and the Companies 
Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the 
historical cost convention, as modified by the revaluation of land and buildings, available-for-sale financial assets, and financial 
assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also 
requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a 
higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial 
statements are disclosed in note 3.

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These 
policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

Going concern
After  making  enquiries,  the  Directors  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  the  Group  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in 
operational existence for the foreseeable future.

The Group therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing its consolidated financial statements.

Changes in accounting policy and disclosures
(a) The following new standards, interpretations and amendments to standards are mandatory for the first time for the financial 
year beginning 1 January 2010, but are not currently relevant to the Group (although they may affect the accounting for future 
transactions and events).

IFRS  3  (revised),  ‘Business  combinations’,  and  consequential  amendments  to  IAS  27,  ‘Consolidated  and  separate  financial 
statements’, IAS 28, ‘Investments in associates’, and IAS 31, ‘Interests in joint ventures’, are effective prospectively to business 
combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after 
1 July 2009.

IFRIC 17, ‘Distribution of non-cash assets to owners’ (effective on or after 1 July 2009). 

IFRIC 18, ‘Transfers of assets from customers’, effective for transfer of assets received on or after 1 July 2009.

IFRIC 9, ‘Reassessment of embedded derivatives and IAS 39, Financial instruments: Recognition and measurement’, effective  
1 July 2009. 

IFRIC 16, ‘Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation’ effective 1 July 2009.

IAS 1 (amendment), ‘Presentation of financial statements’.

IAS 36 (amendment), ‘Impairment of assets’, effective 1 January 2010.)

IFRS 2 (amendments), ‘Group cash-settled share-based payment transactions’, effective from 1 January 2010.

IFRS 5 (amendment), ‘Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations’.

(b) New standards, amendments and interpretations issued but not effective for the financial year beginning 1 January 2010 and 
not early adopted. The Group’s assessment of the impact of these new standards and interpretations is set out below.

IFRS 9, ‘Financial instruments’, issued in November 2009, introduces new requirements for classifying and measuring financial 
assets and it may affect the Group’s accounting for its financial assets.

page

43

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

The standard is not applicable until 1 January 2013 but is available for early adoption. However, the standard has not yet been 
endorsed by the EU.

The Group is yet to assess IFRS 9’s full impact. However, initial indications are that it will not significantly affect the financial 
disclosure or accounting of the Group.

Revised IAS 24 (revised), ‘Related party disclosures’, issued in November 2009, is mandatory for periods beginning on or after  
1 January 2011. Earlier application, in whole or in part, is permitted. However, the standard has not yet been endorsed by the 
EU. The revised standard clarifies and simplifies the definition of a related party. The Group will apply the revised standard from  
1 January 2011. When the revised standard is applied, the Group and the parent will need to disclose any transactions between its 
subsidiaries and its associates. It is not believed that there will be any significant impact on related party disclosures.

‘Classification  of  rights  issues’  (amendment  to  IAS  32),  issued  in  October  2009.  The  amendment  applies  to  annual  periods 
beginning on or after 1 February 2010.

Earlier application is permitted. The amendment addresses the accounting for rights issues. The Group will apply the amended 
standard from 1 January 2011, but it is not presently expected to have any impact on the Group’s financial statements.

IFRIC 19, ‘Extinguishing financial liabilities with equity instruments’, effective 1 July 2010. The Group will apply the interpretation 
from 1 January 2011, subject to endorsement by the EU. It is not expected to have any impact on the Group or the parent entity’s 
financial statements.

‘Prepayments  of  a  minimum  funding  requirement’  (amendments  to  IFRIC  14).  The  amendments  correct  an  unintended 
consequence of IFRIC 14, ‘IAS 19 – The limit on a defined benefit asset, minimum funding requirements and their interaction’.

The Group will apply these amendments for the financial reporting period commencing on 1 January 2011, but it is not expected 
to have any impact on the Group or the parent entity’s financial statements.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements of Churchill China plc include the results of the Company, its subsidiaries and associated 
companies.

The financial statements of each undertaking in the Group are prepared to the balance sheet date under UK GAAP. Subsidiaries 
and associates accounting policies are amended, where necessary, to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by 
the Group. Intra Group transactions are eliminated on consolidation.

(a) Subsidiaries 
Subsidiaries  are  all  entities  over  which  the  Group  has  the  power  to  govern  the  financial  and  operating  policies  generally 
accompanying a shareholding of more than one-half of the voting rights. The existence and effect of potential voting rights that 
are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another entity. Subsidiaries 
are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that 
control ceases. 

The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for the purchase of subsidiaries by the Group. The cost of an acquisition 
is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of 
exchange, plus costs directly attributable to the acquisition. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities 
assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of 
any minority interest. The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets 
acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, 
the difference is recognised directly in the income statement. 

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between Group companies are eliminated. 

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1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

(b) Associates 
Associates are all entities over which the Group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a shareholding 
of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting 
and are initially recognised at cost. The Group’s investment in associates includes goodwill identified on acquisition, net of any 
accumulated impairment loss. 

The  Group’s  share  of  its  associates’  post-acquisition  profits  or  losses  is  recognised  in  the  income  statement  and  its  share  of 
post-acquisition  movements  in  reserves  is  recognised  in  reserves.  The  cumulative  post-acquisition  movements  are  adjusted 
against the carrying amount of the investment. When the Group’s share of losses in an associate equals or exceeds its interest 
in the associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the Group does not recognise further losses, unless it has incurred 
obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. 

Unrealised gains on transactions between the Group and its associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in 
the associates. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset 
transferred.

Dilution in gains and losses arising in investments in associates are recognised in the income statement.

Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a way consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. 
The  chief  operating  decision  maker,  who  is  responsible  for  allocating  resources  and  assessing  performance  of  the  operating 
segments  has  been  identified  as  the  Board  of  Churchill  China  plc.  Income  and  expenditure  arising  directly  from  a  business 
segment are identified to that segment. Income and expenditure arising from central operations which relate to the Group as a 
whole or cannot reasonably be allocated between segments are classified as unallocated.

Revenue
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods 
provided in the normal course of business, net of discounts, rebates and sales related taxes. Sales of goods are recognised when 
goods have been delivered and title in those goods has passed. Rebates are recognised at their anticipated level as soon as any 
liability is expected to arise and are deducted from gross revenue.

Interest income is recognised on a time basis by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividend income is recognised when the Group’s right to receive payment has been established.

Leases
Management  review  new  leases  and  classify  them  as  operating  or  finance  leases  in  accordance  with  the  balance  of  risk  and 
reward between lessee and the lessor. Lease payments made under operating leases are charged to income on a straight-line 
basis over the term of the lease.

Operating profit and exceptional items
Operating profit is stated both before and after the effect of exceptional items but before the Group’s share of results in associate 
companies, impairment of investment in associate companies, finance income and costs and taxation.

The Group has adopted a columnar income statement format which seeks to highlight significant items within the Group results 
for the period. Such items are considered by the Directors to be exceptional in size and nature rather than being representative 
of the underlying trading of the Group, and may include such items as restructuring costs, material impairments of non current 
assets, material profits and losses on the disposal of property, plant and equipment, material increases or reductions in pension 
scheme costs and material increases or decreases in taxation costs as a result of changes in legislation. The Directors apply 
judgement  in  assessing  the  particular  items,  which  by  virtue  of  their  size  and  nature  are  separately  disclosed  in  the  income 
statement and notes to the financial statements as ‘Exceptional items’. The Directors believe that the separate disclosure of these 
items is relevant in understanding the Group’s financial performance.

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1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Dividends
Dividends to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the Group’s financial statements in the period in which 
the dividends are paid, following approval by the Company’s shareholders.

Interest received/paid
Interest received and paid is treated in the cash flow statement as a cash flow from operating activities as this reflects the nature 
of the Group’s business.

Retirement benefit costs
The Group operates a defined benefit pension scheme and defined contribution pension schemes. 

The defined benefit scheme is valued every three years by a professionally qualified independent Actuary. In intervening years, the 
Actuary reviews the continuing appropriateness of the valuation. Scheme liabilities are measured using the projected unit method 
and the amount recognised in the balance sheet is the present value of these liabilities at the balance sheet date. The discount 
rate used to calculate the present value of liabilities is the interest rate attaching to high quantity corporate bonds. The assets of 
the scheme are held separately from those of the Group and are measured at fair value. The accrual of further benefits under the 
scheme ceased on 31 March 2006.

The  regular  service  cost  of  providing  retirement  benefits  to  employees  during  the  year,  together  with  the  cost  of  any  benefits 
relating to past service and any benefits arising from curtailments, is charged or credited to operating profit in the year. These 
costs are included within staff costs.

A net credit or cost representing the expected return on the market value of the assets of the scheme during the year less a charge 
representing the expected increase in the present value of the liabilities in the scheme arising from the liabilities of the scheme 
being 1 year closer to payment is included within finance income or cost. The difference between the market value of assets and 
the present value of accrued pension liabilities is shown as an asset or liability in the balance sheet. 

Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income in the year, together with differences arising 
from changes in actuarial assumptions.

Costs associated with defined contribution schemes represent contributions payable by the Group during the year and are charged 
to the income statement as they fall due. 

Share based payments
Where  share  options  have  been  issued  to  employees,  the  fair  value  of  options  at  the  date  of  grant  is  charged  to  the  Income 
Statement over the period over which the options are expected to vest. The number of ordinary shares expected to vest at each 
balance sheet date are adjusted to reflect non market vesting conditions such that the total charge recognised over the vesting 
period  reflects  the  number  of  options  that  ultimately  vest.  Market  vesting  conditions  are  reflected  within  the  fair  value  of  the 
options granted. If the terms and conditions attaching to options are amended before the options vest any change in the fair value 
of the options is charged to the Income Statement over the remaining period to the vesting date.

National insurance contributions payable by the Company in relation to unapproved share option schemes are provided for on the 
difference between the share price at the balance sheet date and the exercise price of the option where the share price is higher 
than the exercise price. 

Foreign currencies
The individual financial statements of each Group company are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment 
in which the Company operates (its functional currency). For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results 
of each entity are expressed in sterling, which is the presentation currency of the Group and is the presentation currency for the 
consolidated financial statements.

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1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation 
at year end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income 
statement. Non monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s foreign operations are 
translated at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at average exchange 
rates for the period. Exchange differences arising, if any, are dealt with through reserves.

In order to manage its exposure to certain foreign exchange risks, the Group enters into forward currency contracts (see ‘Derivative 
financial instruments’ below).

Derivative financial instruments
The Group’s operations expose it to the financial risks of changes in exchange rates. The Group uses forward currency contracts 
to mitigate this exposure. The Group does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. Changes in the fair 
value of derivative financial instruments are recognised immediately in the income statement as soon as they arise. Contracts 
are initially recognised at fair value. Gains and losses on all derivatives held at fair value outstanding at a balance sheet date are 
recognised in the income statement.

Hedge  accounting  is  not  considered  to  be  appropriate  to  the  above  currency  risk  management  techniques  and  has  not  
been applied.

Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax.

Current tax is based on the taxable profit for the year. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have 
been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred  income  tax  is  provided  in  full,  using  the  liability  method,  on  temporary  differences  arising  between  the  tax  bases  of 
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred income tax is not 
accounted for, if it arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that 
at the time of the transaction there is no effect on either accounting or taxable profit or loss. The Group’s liability for deferred tax 
is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date or are expected to apply 
when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or deferred income tax liability is settled.

Deferred income tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 
the temporary differences can be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities may be set off against each other provided there is a legal right to do so and it is management’s 
intention to do so.

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is shown at cost, net of depreciation, as adjusted for the revaluation of certain land and buildings.
Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost, less any provision for impairment, of plant, property and equipment, less 
their estimated residual values over the expected useful economic lives of the assets concerned. The principal annual rates used 
for this purpose are:

Freehold buildings 
Plant 
Motor vehicles 
Fixtures and fittings 

%
2 on cost or valuation
10-25 on cost
25 on reducing net book value
25-33 on cost

Freehold land is not depreciated. 

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

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1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. An asset’s 
carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated 
recoverable amounts.

Intangible assets
Intangible assets, which comprise computer software, are shown at cost net of amortisation. Amortisation is calculated so as to 
write off the cost, less any provision for impairment, of intangible assets, less their estimated residual values over the expected 
useful economic lives of the assets concerned. The principal annual rate used for this purpose is:

Computer software 

%
33 on cost

The Group has no goodwill.

Impairment of non financial assets
At each reporting date the Directors assess whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indicator 
exists  the  Group  tests  for  impairment  by  estimating  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  asset.  If  the  recoverable  amount  is  less 
than the carrying value of an asset an impairment loss is required. In addition to this, assets with indefinite lives are tested for 
impairment at least annually. The recoverable amount is measured as the higher of net realisable value or value in use.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on a first in, first out basis and includes, 
where  appropriate,  direct  materials,  direct  labour,  overheads  incurred  in  bringing  inventories  to  their  present  location  and 
condition  and  transport  and  handling  costs.  Net  realisable  value  is  the  estimated  selling  cost  less  all  further  costs  to  sale. 
Provision is made where necessary for obsolete, slow-moving and defective inventories.

Available for sale financial assets
Available for sale financial assets are non derivatives that are either designated in this category or not classified to any of the 
other financial asset categories. They are included in non current assets unless the Directors intend to dispose of the investment 
within 12 months of the balance sheet date.

At each reporting date the Directors assess whether there is an indication an asset may be impaired. If any such indicator exists 
the Group tests for impairment by estimating the recoverable amount of the asset. If the recoverable amount is less than the 
carrying value of an asset an impairment loss is required. In addition to this, assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment 
at least annually.

Trade receivables
Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method, less provision for impairment. A provision for impairment is established where there is objective evidence that the Group 
will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. The amount of the provision is the 
difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original 
effective interest rate. Trade receivables are as defined under IAS 39.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, deposits held on call with banks, other short term highly liquid investments with 
original maturities of 3 months or less, and bank overdrafts. Cash and cash equivalents are as defined under IAS 39.

Non current assets held for sale
Non current assets are classified as being held for sale when their value is expected to be recovered through disposal rather 
than continuing usage within the business and when the future sale is considered to be highly probable. Management must be 
committed to sale which should be expected to be completed to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within 1 year from the 
date of classification. Non current assets are measured at the lower of carrying value and fair value less disposal costs, and are 
no longer depreciated.

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1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Provisions
Provisions are recognised when (i) the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, (ii) it is 
probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and (iii) the amount has been reliably estimated. The 
Directors estimate the amount of provisions required to settle any obligation at the balance sheet date. Provisions are discounted 
to their present value where the effect would be material.

Parent Company significant accounting policies
The Company financial statements are prepared under UK GAAP. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical 
cost convention in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and applicable accounting standards in the United Kingdom. The 
principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of the Company financial statements are set out below. These policies 
have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

Fixed asset investments
Fixed asset investments, comprising investments in subsidiary and associated companies, are stated at cost less any provisions 
for impairment. Where an event has occurred that gives rise to doubt about the recovery of the carrying value an impairment 
assessment is made. The impairment is calculated by comparing the investments carrying value to the recoverable amount as 
required by FRS 11 ‘Impairment of fixed assets and goodwill’. 

Other
Policies in relation to dividends and share based payments are the same as the Group accounting policies.

2  Financial risk management

Financial risk factors
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks; market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash 
flow interest rate risk), credit risk, price risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk management programme focuses on the 
unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance. The 
Group uses derivative financial instruments to manage certain risk exposures.

Financial risk management is carried out by the finance department under policies approved by the Board of Directors.

(a) Market risk
(i) Currency risk
The Group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily 
in relation to the US dollar and euro. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions, recognised assets and 
liabilities and net investments in foreign operations.

The Group’s treasury risk management policy is to secure all of the contractually certain cash flows (mainly export sales and the 
purchase of inventory) in each major currency. Contractual certainty is considered to be where the Group has received a firm sales 
order or placed a firm purchase order.

At 31 December 2010, if sterling had weakened/strengthened by 5% against the US dollar with all other variables held constant, 
post-tax profit for the year would have been £27,000 (2009: £9,000) lower/higher, mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains/
losses on translation of US dollar denominated trade payables and cash balances. Equity would have been a further £11,000 (2009: 
£9,000) higher/lower mainly as a result of differences in the translation of US dollar investments in subsidiary undertakings. If 
sterling had weakened/strengthened by 5% against the euro with all other variables held constant, post-tax profit for the year 
would have been £140,000 (2009: £157,000) higher/lower, mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains/losses on translation of 
euro denominated trade receivables and cash balances. There would have been no substantial other changes in Equity.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

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2  Financial risk management (continued)

(ii) Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk
The Group holds significant interest bearing assets and its finance income and operating cash flows are linked to changes in 
market interest rates. The Group has no significant short or long term borrowings.

The Group identifies cash balances in excess of short and medium term working capital requirements (see liquidity risk) and 
invests these balances in short and medium term money market deposits. 

At 31 December 2010, had the rates achieved been 0.1% higher/lower with all other variables held constant then post-tax profit for 
the year would have been £4,000 (2009: £5,000) higher/lower. Other components of equity would have been unchanged

(b) Credit risk
Credit  risk  is  managed  on  a  Group  basis.  Credit  risk  arises  from  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  credit  exposures  including 
outstanding  trade  receivables  and  committed  transactions.  For  banks  with  which  the  Group  places  balances  on  deposit,  only 
independently rated parties with a minimum rating of ‘A’ are accepted. 

Cash and cash equivalents are as follows:

Lloyds Banking Group plc 
National Westminster Bank plc 
Other 

Credit 
rating 
AA– 
AA– 
Min A 

2010 
£’000 
4,147 
25 
270 

2009
£’000
6,427
25
430

4,442 

6,882

Risk attached to the receipt of UK trade receivables is largely controlled through the assessment of the credit quality of each 
customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and third party credit information. Risks attaching to export 
trade receivables are controlled through the use of export credit insurance and confirmed letters of credit. Where these cannot 
be obtained the credit control department assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its financial position, 
past experience and other factors.

The Group manages its debt position and considers it is in a position of having limited credit risk (see note 19). 

(c) Price risk 
As explained in the Directors’ report, the Group results are affected by changes in market prices. The risk attached to this is 
managed by close relationships with suppliers and ongoing product development.

(d) Liquidity risk 
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and available funding through committed credit facilities. 
Liquidity risk is managed on a Group basis with expected cash flows being monitored against current cash and cash equivalents 
and committed borrowing facilities.

The Group has no long term borrowing and funds its operations from its own cash reserves and the Directors do not consider 
there to be significant liquidity risk. All liabilities are generally due within 3 months.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

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2  Financial risk management (continued)

Capital risk management
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, to provide finance 
for the long term development of the business and to generate returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders in 
the business.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return 
capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

The Group currently has no debt.

Fair value estimation
The  carrying  value  less  impairment  provision  of  trade  and  other  receivables  and  trade  and  other  payables  are  assumed  to 
approximate their fair values.

3  Critical accounting estimates and judgements

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom 
equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to 
the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are discussed below.

(a) Net realisable value of excess inventories
The Group identifies inventory where it is believed that the quantity held is in excess of that which may be realised at normal price 
levels. The realisable value of this inventory is assessed taking into account the estimated sales price less further costs of sale. If 
the estimated net realisable value of excess inventories were to be 10% higher or lower than management’s estimates the value 
of this provision would change by £211,000 (2009: £342,000).

(b) Pension benefits
The present value of the pension obligations depend on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis using a 
number of assumptions. The assumptions used in determining the net cost or income for pensions include the discount rate. Any 
changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of pension obligations.

The  Group  determines  the  appropriate  discount  rate  at  the  end  of  each  year.  This  is  the  interest  rate  that  should  be  used  to 
determine  the  present  value  of  estimated  future  cash  outflows  expected  to  be  required  to  settle  the  pension  obligations.  In 
determining  the  appropriate  discount  rate  the  Group  considers  the  interest  rates  of  high  quality  corporate  bonds  that  are 
denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the 
related pension liability.

Other key assumptions for pension obligations are based in part on current market conditions. Additional information is disclosed 
in note 23.

(c) Recognition of deferred tax assets
The Group reassesses each year whether it is appropriate to recognise the deferred tax assets in the financial statements based 
upon the likelihood that the assets can be recovered. The assessment is based on the expected reversal of temporary timing 
differences.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

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4  Segmental analysis 

Management has determined the operating segments are based on the reports reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker 
and the Strategic Steering Committee of the Board that are used to make strategic decisions. The Board considers the business 
primarily  based  on  the  market  and  product  Groups,  but  also  from  a  geographic  perspective.  Geographically,  management 
considers the performance in relation to the UK, rest of Europe, North America and Rest of the World.

The reportable operating product segments derive their revenue primarily from the sale of ceramic products to the Retail and 
Hospitality sectors.

The Board assesses the performance of the operating segments based on the measure of operating profit, as analysed in the 
management accounts. This measurement basis excludes the effects of non-recurring expenditure from the operating segments 
such as restructuring costs and goodwill impairments when the impairment is the result of an isolated, non-recurring event. The 
measure also excludes the effects of equity-settled share-based payments and unrealised gains/losses on financial instruments. 
Interest income and expenditure are not allocated to segments, as this type of activity is driven by the central treasury function, 
which manages the cash position of the Group.

(a) Primary reporting format – business segments
The business is managed in two main business segments – Hospitality and Retail.

  Hospitality 
£’000 

31 December 2010
Retail Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

Group
£’000

Revenue from external customers  

27,398 

16,348 

– 

43,746

Contribution to Group overheads excluding depreciation 
Depreciation and amortisation 

4,914 
(859) 

1,060 
(305) 

(2,157) 
(366) 

3,817
(1,530)

Operating profit 
Share of results of associated company 
Finance income 
Finance cost 

Profit before income tax 

4,055 

755 

(2,523) 

2,287
162
41
(176)

2,314

  Hospitality 
£’000 

31 December 2009
Retail  Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

Group
£’000

Revenue from external customers 

24,554 

17,151 

– 

41,705

Contribution to Group overheads excluding depreciation 
Depreciation and amortisation 

4,183 
(894) 

 1,911 
(185) 

(2,410) 
(317) 

3,684
(1,396)

Operating profit 
Share of results of associated company 
Finance income 
Finance cost 

Profit before income tax 

3,289 

1,726 

(2,727) 

2,288
(18)
119
(320)

2,069

The ‘Unallocated’ Group overheads principally comprise costs associated with the centralised functions of the parent Company 
Board, finance and administration and information technology.

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20494.04  13/04/2011 

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4  Segmental analysis (continued)

There are no material inter-segment revenues (2009: £nil). Any inter segment revenues are carried out on an arm’s length basis.

Revenue from external parties is measured in a manner consistent with the consolidated income statement.

Segment assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment, inventories, trade and other receivables. Unallocated assets 
comprise intangible assets, investment in associates, available-for-sale financial assets, deferred taxation and cash and cash 
equivalents.

Segment liabilities comprise trade and other payables. Unallocated liabilities comprise items such as trade and other payables, 
current taxation, deferred taxation and retirement benefit obligations.

Capital expenditure comprises additions to property, plant and equipment (note 13) and intangible assets (note 14). 

Segment assets and liabilities at 31 December 2010 and capital expenditure for the year ended on that date are as follows:

Assets excluding inventories 
Inventories  
Investment in associates 

Total assets 

Total liabilities 

Capital expenditure  

  Hospitality 
£’000 

Retail Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

15,229 
5,311 
– 

7,456 
2,886 
– 

8,384 
– 
887 

Group
£’000

31,069
8,197
887

20,540 

10,342 

9,271 

40,153

3,778 

1,006 

899 

123 

8,907 

13,584

457 

1,586

Segment assets and liabilities at 31 December 2009 and capital expenditure for the year ended on that date are as follows:

Assets excluding inventories 
Inventories  
Investment in associates 

Total assets 

Total liabilities 

Capital expenditure  

Any sales between segments are carried out on an arm’s length basis.

  Hospitality 
£’000 

Retail  Unallocated 
£’000 
£’000 

14,642 
4,481 
– 

7,234 
2,661 
– 

11,659 
– 
725 

Group
£’000

33,535
7,142
725

19,123 

9,895 

12,384 

41,402

3,225 

1,455 

12,186 

16,866

794 

1,531 

273 

2,598

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53

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4  Segmental analysis (continued)

(b) Secondary reporting format – geographical segments
The  Group’s  two  business  segments  operate  in  four  main  geographical  segments,  even  though  they  are  managed  on  a  
worldwide basis.

Geographical segment – Revenue
United Kingdom 
Rest of Europe 
North America 
Other 

2010 
£’000 

27,568 
8,666 
4,368 
3,144 

2009
£’000

28,453
6,973
3,628
2,651

43,746 

41,705

The total assets of the business are allocated as follows:

United Kingdom £39,362,000 (2009: £40,489,000), Rest of Europe £43,000 (2009: £31,000), North America £743,000 (2009: £852,000), 
Other £5,000 (2009: £30,000). 

Capital expenditure was made as follows:

United Kingdom £1,586,000 (2009: £2,596,000), Other £nil (2009: £2,000).

5  Expenses by nature

Changes in inventories of finished goods and work in progress 
Raw materials used  
Purchase of goods for resale 
Employee benefit expense (note 7)   
Other external charges 
Depreciation and amortisation charges 
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Foreign exchange losses/(gains) 

Total 
2010 
£’000 

(1,039) 
2,775 
11,446 
15,421 
11,323 
1,530 
(12) 
15 

Total
2009
£’000

1,358
2,113
9,766
14,258
10,691
1,396
(14)
(151)

Total cost of sales distribution costs and administrative expenses 

41,459 

39,417

page

54

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6  Average number of people employed

The average monthly number of persons (including executive Directors) employed by the Group during the year was:

By activity
Production  
Sales and administration 

The Company had no employees (2009: none).

7  Employee benefit expense

Staff costs (for the employees shown in note 6)
Wages and salaries   
Social security costs  
Defined contribution pension cost (see note 23) 
Other pension costs (see note 23) 
Share options granted to Directors and employees (see note 24) 

2010 
Number 

2009
Number

340 
215 

555 

278
232

510

2010 
£’000 

13,753 
1,154 
405 
154 
(45) 

2009
£’000

12,605
1,080
404
147
22

15,421 

14,258

Directors’ emoluments
The statutory disclosures for Directors’ emoluments, being the aggregate emoluments, the aggregate amount of gains made by 
Directors on the exercise of share options and the amount of money receivable by Directors under long term incentive plans in 
respect of qualifying services, have been included within the Remuneration Report. In addition, statutory disclosures in respect of 
the number of Directors to whom retirement benefits are accruing is disclosed.

Company
The Company did not make any payments to employees (2009: nil).

8  Finance income and costs

Interest income on cash and cash equivalents 

Finance income 

Interest on pension scheme (note 23) 
Other interest 

Finance costs 

Net finance cost 

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

41 

41 

(156) 
(20) 

119

119

(320)
–

(176) 

(320)

(135) 

(201)

page

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9  Auditors’ remuneration

Amounts paid to the Group’s auditors were as follows:

Audit services – audit of subsidiaries 
Audit services – audit of parent and consolidated financial statements (Company £1,500, 2009: £1,500) 
Non-audit services – taxation advice 

10  Income tax expense

Group 

Current tax  – current year 

– adjustment in respect of prior years 

Deferred tax (note 22)
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 

Income tax expense   

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

75 
7 
13 

95 

2010 
£’000 

535 
(45) 

490 

93 

583 

63
7
26

96

2009
£’000

589
(145)

444

69

513

A number of changes to the UK corporation tax rules were announced in the June 2010 Budget. The Finance (No.2) Act 2010, which 
was substantively enacted on 20 July 2010, includes legislation reducing the main rate of corporation tax from 28% to 27% from  
1 April 2011. Further reductions in the main rate are proposed to reduce the rate by 1% per annum to 24% by 1 April 2014.

The proposed reductions of the main rate of corporation tax by 1% each year are expected to be enacted separately each year. The 
overall effect of the further changes from 27% to 24%, if these applied to the deferred tax balance at 31 December 2010, would not 
reduce the deferred tax liability by a material amount. 

The tax on the Group’s profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the weighted average tax rate 
applicable to profit of the consolidated entities as follows:

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

2,314 

2,069

648 
18 
(45) 
(66) 
28 

583 

579
17
(145)
–
62

513

Profit before income tax 

Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in the respective countries 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Adjustment in respect of prior periods 
Change in rate of deferred tax 
Other 

Tax charge  

The weighted average applicable tax rate was 28% (2009: 28%). 

page

56

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10  Income tax expense (continued)

During the year a charge of £806,000 (2009: credit of £1,608,000) in relation to deferred tax arising from actuarial gains and losses 
on the Group’s defined benefit pension obligation and a credit of £18,000 (2009: £2,000) in relation to the reversal of deferred 
taxation on the revaluation of land and buildings were adjusted directly within equity.

11  Earnings per ordinary share

The basic earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and on 10,934,092 (2009: 10,904,065) ordinary shares, 
being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

The adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and adjusted to take into account exceptional 
items. The Directors believe that adjusted earnings per share more closely reflects the underlying performance of the Group.

2010 

2009
  Pence per  Pence per
share

share 

Basic earnings per share (based on earnings £1,731,000 (2009: £1,556,000)) 

15.8 

14.3

Diluted earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and on 10,964,639 (2009: 10,934,139) ordinary shares, 
being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year of 10,934,092 (2009: 10,904,065) increased by 30,547 
(2009: 30,074) shares, being the weighted average number of ordinary shares which would have been issued if the outstanding 
options to acquire shares in the Group had been exercised at the average share price during the year. Adjusted diluted adjusted 
earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and adjusted to take into account exceptional items.

2010 

2009 
  Pence per  Pence per
 share

share 

Diluted basic earnings per share (Based on earnings £1,731,000 (2009: £1,556,000)) 

15.8 

14.2

12  Dividends

The dividends paid in the year were as follows:

Ordinary 

Second interim 2009 9.2p per 10p ordinary share (2008: nil) 
Final 2009 0.0p per 10p ordinary share (Final 2008: 9.2p) 
Interim 2010 4.8p per 10p ordinary share paid (Interim 2009: 4.8p) 

The Directors now recommend payment of the following dividend:
Ordinary dividend:
Final dividend 2010 9.2p (2009: nil) per 10p ordinary share 

Dividends on treasury shares held by the Company are waived.

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

2010 
£’000 

1,004 
– 
525 

2009
£’000

–
1,003
523

1,529 

1,526

1,005 

–

page

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13  Property, plant and equipment

The Company has no property, plant and equipment (2009: none). Details of those relating to the Group are as follows:

Group 
At 1 January 2009
Cost  
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2009
Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Disposals    
Transfer to assets held for sale (note 20) 
Depreciation charge  

Freehold 
land and 
buildings 
£’000 

Plant 
£’000 

Motor 
vehicles 
£’000 

Fixtures
and
fittings 
£’000 

Total
£’000

11,503 
(1,716) 

14,696 
(11,638) 

956 
(372) 

1,946 
(1,486) 

29,101
(15,212)

9,787 

3,058 

584 

460 

13,889

9,787 
707 
– 
(662) 
(172) 

3,058 
1,325 
– 
– 
(761) 

584 
70 
(29) 
– 
(145) 

460 
286 
– 
– 
(209) 

13,889
2,388
(29)
(662)
(1,287)

Closing net book amount 

9,660 

3,622 

480 

537 

14,299

At 31 December 2009
Cost  
Accumulated depreciation 

11,104 
(1,444) 

15,864 
(12,242) 

958 
(478) 

2,231 
(1,694) 

30,157
(15,858)

Net book amount 

9,660 

3,622 

480 

537 

14,299

Year ended 31 December 2010
Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Disposals    
Transfer from assets held for sale (note 20) 
Depreciation charge  

9,660 
114 
– 
662 
(186) 

3,622 
813 
– 
– 
(801) 

480 
306 
(117) 
– 
(140) 

537 
309 
– 
– 
(229) 

14,299
1,542
(117)
662
(1,356)

Closing net book amount 

10,250 

3,634 

529 

617 

15,030

At 31 December 2010
Cost  
Accumulated depreciation 

11,880 
(1,630) 

16,677 
(13,043) 

923 
(394) 

2,540 
(1,923) 

32,020
(16,990)

Net book amount 

10,250 

3,634 

529 

617 

15,030

page

58

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14  Intangible assets

The Company has no intangible fixed assets (2009: none). Details of these relating to the Group are as follows:

Group 
At 1 January 2009
Cost 
Accumulated amortisation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2009
Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Amortisation charge  

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2009
Cost 
Accumulated amortisation 

Net book amount 

Year ended 31 December 2010
Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Amortisation charge  

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2010
Cost 
Accumulated amortisation 

Net book amount 

  Computer
software
£’000

578
(181)

397

397
210
(109)

498

788
(290)

498

498
44
(174)

368

832
(464)

368

page

59

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15  Investment in associate

Cost
At 1 January  
Share of profit/(loss)  

At 31 December  

Impairment
At 1 January  
Impairment of investment in associate 

At 31 December  

Net book value
Closing net book amount 

Group 
2010 
£’000 

Group  Company 
2010 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

Company
2009
£’000

876 
196 

1,467 
(591) 

1,072 

876 

151 
34 

185 

724 
(573) 

151 

355 
– 

355 

– 
– 

– 

355
–

355

–
–

–

887 

725 

355 

355

The investment in associate represents a holding of 34.4% of the issued £1 ordinary shares of Furlong Mills Limited, a company 
registered in England, whose principal activity is that of a potters miller. 

Share of associate’s assets 
Share of associate’s liabilities 

Share of associate’s net assets 

2010 
£’000 

1,456 
(370) 

2009
£’000

1,260
(336)

1,086 

924

The  total  revenue  of  Furlong  Mills  Limited  for  its  year  ended  31  December  2010  was  £6,137,000  (2009:  £5,343,000)  and  profit 
before tax was £340,000 (2009: loss £1,717,000). During the year the Group purchased raw materials to a value of £1,932,000 (2009: 
£1,437,000) from Furlong Mills Limited. 

The Group has historically carried its investment in Furlong Mills Limited at a net amount after an impairment reflecting the 
Board’s view of the recoverable amount of the investment. In the year to 31 December 2009 Furlong Mills Limited performed an 
impairment review of its property, plant and equipment and reduced the carrying value of these assets in its Company balance 
sheet. The Group consequently released an equivalent amount reflecting its share of this impairment.

The difference between the carrying value of the Group’s interest in associate and the share of associate’s net assets reflects the 
remaining impairment charged in the Group’s accounts and adjustments in relation to accounting policies.

In  the  Group’s  consolidated  financial  statements  the  investment  is  accounted  for  on  the  equity  basis.  Within  the  Company’s 
accounts the investment is shown at historic cost.

page

60

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16  Investment in subsidiaries 

Company 
Cost or valuation
At 1 January and 31 December 2010 

Impairment
At 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2010 

Net book value
At 31 December 2010 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

2,627 

2,627

432 

432

2,195 

2,195

Interests in Group undertakings
Interests in Group undertakings comprise the cost of investments in subsidiary undertakings. The principal operating subsidiaries 
of the Group are as follows:

Name of company  

 Proportion of
nominal
value
of issued
held  shares held 

  Description 
of shares 

  Country of 
 incorporation 

Principal activity

Churchill China (UK) Limited 

England and Wales 

Ordinary 

Churchill Ceramics (UK) Limited 

England and Wales 

Ordinary 

Churchill China, Inc   

USA 

Ordinary 

100%  Manufacture and sale of 
ceramic and related 
products
100% Provision of management
 and property services 
within the Group
Sale of ceramic and 
related products

100% 

Dormant companies within the Group are not included in the above analysis.

page

61

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17  Available for sale financial assets

Fair value/Cost
At 1 January and 31 December 2010 

Impairment
At 1 January and 31 December 2010 

Fair value/Net book value
At 1 January and 31 December 2010  

Group  Company

  Available
for sale
financial 

Other
assets investments
£’000
£’000 

– 

– 

– 

43

43

–

The  above  represents  35.9%  (2009:  35.9%)  of  the  issued  ordinary  share  capital  of  Shraff  Management  Limited,  a  company 
registered in England and Wales. The Directors do not consider that the investment in Shraff Management Limited should be 
accounted for as an associate as Churchill China plc is not in a position to and does not exercise significant influence over Shraff 
Management Limited, taking into account other large third party shareholdings. 

18  Inventories

The Company has no inventory (2009: none). Details of inventory relating to the Group are as follows:

Raw materials 
Work in progress 
Finished goods 

2010 
£’000 

72 
584 
7,541 

2009
£’000

56
396
6,690

8,197 

7,142

The Directors do not consider there is a material difference between the carrying value and replacement cost of inventories.

The  cost  of  inventories  recognised  as  an  expense  and  included  in  the  income  statements  amounted  to  £25,696,000  
(2009: £23,872,000)

page

62

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19  Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables 
Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables 

Trade receivables – net 
Other 
Prepayments 
Receivables from related parties (note 29) 

Less non current portion: loans to related parties 

Group 

2010 
£’000 

9,738 
(234) 

9,504 
223 
236 
– 

9,963 
– 

2009 
£’000 

8,717 
(147) 

8,570 
152 
309 
– 

9,031 
– 

Company

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

– 
– 

– 
150 
– 
7,010 

7,160 
6,861 

–
–

–
150
–
8,640

8,790
8,500

Current portion 

9,963 

9,031 

299 

290

All non current receivables are due within 5 years from the balance sheet date.

The Group operates a credit risk management policy. Risk attached to the receipt of UK trade receivables is largely controlled 
through the assessment of the credit quality of each customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and third 
party credit information. Risks attaching to export trade receivables are controlled through the use of export credit insurance 
and confirmed letters of credit. Where these cannot be obtained the credit control department assesses the credit quality of the 
customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and other factors.

Trade receivables that are less than 3 months past due and not covered by insurance arrangements are not considered impaired 
unless there is specific evidence to the contrary. 

As of 31 December 2010, trade receivables of £7,201,000 (2009: £7,758,000) were fully performing.

As of 31 December 2010, trade receivables of £2,058,000 (2009: £599,000) were past due but not impaired. The ageing of these 
receivables is as follows:

Up to 3 months 
3 to 6 months 
Over 6 months 

2010 
£’000 

1,918 
118 
22 

2,058 

2009
£’000

548
46
5

599

page

63

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19  Trade and other receivables (continued)

As  of  31  December  2010  trade  receivables  with  a  gross  value  of  £479,000  (2009:  £360,000)  were  impaired  and  provided  for. 
The  amount  of  provision  for  31  December  2010  was  £234,000  (2009:  £147,000).  The  individually  impaired  receivables  relate  to 
customers which are in unexpectedly difficult economic conditions. It was assessed that a portion of the receivables is expected 
to be recovered. The ageing of these receivables is as follows:

Up to 3 months 
3 to 6 months 
Over 6 months 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

350 
43 
86 

479 

308
33
19

360

The Directors consider that the carrying value of trade and other receivables is approximate to their fair value.

Movements on the Group provision for impairment of trade receivables are as follows:

At 1 January  
Provision for receivables impairment 
Receivables written off during the year as uncollectable 

At 31 December 

2010 
£’000 

147 
234 
(147) 

2009
£’000

108
147
(108)

234 

147

The  creation  and  release  of  provision  for  impaired  receivables  have  been  included  in  ‘other  external  charges’  in  the  income 
statement (note 5). Amounts charged to the allowance account are generally written off, when there is no expectation of recovering 
additional cash.
The other classes are within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following currencies:

Pounds 
Euros 
US dollars   

2010 
£’000 

7,388 
922 
1,653 

2009
£’000

6,965
726
1,340

9,963 

9,031

During the year the Group had losses of £15,000 (2009: gain of £151,000) on forward option contracts that have been recognised in 
the Income Statement and as at 31 December held forward exchange contracts for the sale of euros of £765,000 (2009: £444,000) 
and the sale of US dollars of £nil (2009: £484,000). These contracts are held at their fair value with a loss of £12,000 (2009: gain of 
£7,000) recognised in relation to the contracts outstanding at the year end. 

page

64

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19  Trade and other receivables (continued)

Company
As of 31 December 2010, Company receivables of £7,160,000 (2009: £8,790,000) were fully performing. Amounts receivable are 
repayable in accordance with agreed terms. No interest is chargeable.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s receivables are denominated in the following currencies:

Pounds 
US dollars   

20  Assets held for sale

Land and buildings   

2010 
£’000 

7,120 
40 

2009
£’000

8,758
32

7,160 

8,790

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

– 

662

The Land and Buildings disclosed as an Asset held for sales in 2009 have been transferred to Property, Plant and Equipment (note 
13) as it is the Group’s present intention to retain this asset in the longer term and no sale is anticipated in the next 12 months. 
The assets are held within unallocated assets in the segmental analysis (see note 4).

21  Trade and other payables

Trade payables 
Amounts due to related parties 
Social security and other taxes 
Accrued expenses 

Group 

2010 
£’000 

1,076 
336 
923 
4,400 

2009 
£’000 

1,985 
24 
753 
4,145 

6,735 

6,907 

Company

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

– 
13 
7 
1 

21 

–
13
12
1

26

All the above liabilities mature within 12 months from 31 December 2010.

page

65

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22  Deferred income tax 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against 
current tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority. The offset amounts are as follows:

Group 
Deferred tax assets:
– Deferred tax asset to be recovered after more than 12 months 
– Deferred tax asset to be recovered within 12 months 

Deferred tax liabilities:
– Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered after more than 12 months 
– Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered within 12 months 

Deferred tax (liability)/asset (net) 

The net movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows:

At 1 January  
Income statement charge (note 10)   
Tax (charged)/credited directly to equity (note 27)  

At 31 December  

2010 
£’000 

1,151 
115 

2009
£’000

2,062
101

1,266 

2,163

(1,633) 
(45) 

(1,652)
(24)

(1,678) 

(1,676)

(412) 

487

2010 
£’000 

487  
(93) 
(806) 

2009
£’000

(1,054)
(69)
1,610

(412) 

487

The movement in deferred income tax assets and liabilities during the year, without taking into consideration the offsetting of 
balances within the same tax jurisdiction, is as follows:

Deferred tax liabilities 

At 1 January 2009 
Charged to the income statement 
Credited directly to equity 

At 31 December 2009 
Charged/(credited) to the income statement 

 Accelerated 
tax 

Land and
buildings
 depreciation  revaluation 
£’000 

£’000 

1,289 
38 
– 

1,327 
20 

351 
– 
(2) 

349 
(18) 

Total
£’000

1,640
38
(2)

1,676
2

At 31 December 2010 

1,347 

331 

1,678

page

66

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22  Deferred income tax (continued)

Deferred tax assets  

At 1 January 2009 
Charged to the income statement 
Credited directly to equity 

At 31 December 2009 
Charged/(credited) to the income statement 
Charged directly to equity 

  Retirement
benefit
  obligation 
£’000 

(576) 
25 
(1,608) 

(2,159) 
92 
806 

Other 
£’000 

(10) 
6 
– 

(4) 
(1) 
– 

Total
£’000

(586)
31
(1,608)

(2,163)
91
806

At 31 December 2010 

(1,261) 

(5) 

(1,266)

The deferred income tax credited to equity during the past year is as follows:

Fair value reserves in shareholders’ equity:
Tax on actuarial loss on retirement benefits scheme 
Tax on difference between depreciation on buildings on an actual and historical cost basis 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

(806) 
– 

(1,608)
(2)

(806) 

(1,610)

Deferred income tax of £18,000 (2009: £2,000) was transferred from other reserves (note 26) to retained earnings (note 27). This 
represents deferred tax on the difference between the actual depreciation on buildings and the equivalent depreciation based on 
the historical cost of buildings.

Deferred income tax assets are recognised for tax losses carried forward to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit 
through  the  future  taxable  profits  is  probable.  The  Group  has  not  recognised  deferred  income  tax  assets  of  £1,511,000  (2009: 
£1,511,000) in respect of capital losses amounting to £5,395,000 (2009: £5,395,000) that can be carried forward against future 
capital gains. 

page

67

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Retirement benefit obligations

Balance sheet obligations
Pension benefits 

Income statement charge
Pension benefits 
Finance cost  

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

4,670 

7,709

559 
156 

551
320

The Group operates three principal pension schemes: a funded pension scheme, the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme, 
providing benefits based on final pensionable salary which was closed to new entrants in 1999 and to which the accrual of future 
benefits  ceased  on  31  March  2006;  the  Churchill  China  1999  Pension  Scheme;  and  the  Churchill  China  2006  Group  Personal 
Pension Plan. Both of the latter schemes are defined contribution schemes providing benefits based on contributions paid. 

The assets of the schemes are held separately from those of the Group. The total pension cost for the Group was £559,000 (2009: 
£551,000). Of this cost, £nil (2009: £nil) related to the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme, £164,000 (2009: £158,000) was 
in respect of the Churchill China 1999 Pension Scheme and £241,000 (2009: £246,000) was in respect of the Churchill China 2006 
Group Personal Pension Scheme. The balance of cost was incurred in respect of overseas and other pension arrangements. At 
the year end amounts due to pension funds in respect of Company contributions were £58,000 (2009: £57,000).

No contributions have been made to the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme in relation to current service since the date 
of cessation of the future accrual of benefits on 31 March 2006. Prior to that date the Group paid contributions to the Scheme 
at  a  rate  of  13.6%  of  pensionable  salary.  In  addition,  a  contribution  of  £495,000  (2009:  £410,000)  was  made  in  respect  of  the 
amortisation of past service liabilities. The forward funding rate of the Scheme was agreed with the Scheme Trustees and Actuary 
following the completion of the 31 May 2008 triennial actuarial valuation in March 2009. The Group expects to make payments 
of £495,000 per annum in respect of the amortisation of past service deficits, subject to completion of the 31 May 2011 triennial 
actuarial valuation.

The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows:

Present value of funded obligations  
Fair value of plan assets 

Liability in balance sheet 

The movement in the present value of defined benefit obligation over the year is as follows:

At 1 January 
Interest cost 
Actuarial (gains)/losses 
Benefits paid 

At 31 December 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

34,898 
(30,228) 

34,550
(26,841)

4,670 

7,709

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

34,550 
1,969 
(887) 
(734) 

25,275
1,668
8,433
(826)

34,898 

34,550

Actuarial gains in 2010 include £1,296,000 in respect of the change of inflation index used to calculate the increase of benefits in 
deferment from RPI to CPI.

page

68

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

The movement in the fair value of plan assets over the year is as follows:

At 1 January 
Expected return on plan assets 
Actuarial gains 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 

At 31 December 

Plan assets are comprised as follows:

Equity investments   
Debt investments 
Other 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

26,841 
1,813 
1,813 
495 
(734) 

23,220
1,348
2,689
410
(826)

30,228 

26,841

2010 
£’000 

22,155 
4,605 
3,468 

30,228 

2009
£’000

17,783 
4,986 
4,072 

26,841

73% 
15% 
12% 

66%
19%
15%

The  expected  return  on  plan  assets  is  determined  by  considering  the  expected  returns  on  the  assets  underlying  the  current 
investment policy. Expected yields on fixed interest investments are based on gross redemption yields at the balance sheet date. 
Expected returns on equity and property investments reflect long term real rates of return experienced in the respective markets.

The amounts recognised in the income statement are as follows:

Interest cost 
Expected return on plan assets 

Net cost recognised in finance cost  

The actual return on plan assets was a gain of £3,626,000 (2009: gain £4,037,000).

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

1,969 
(1,813) 

1,668
(1,348)

156 

320

page

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

At 31 December
Present value of funded obligations  
Fair value of plan assets 

2010 
£000 

2009 
£000 

2008 
£000 

2007 
£000 

2006
£000

34,898 
30,228 

34,550 
26,841 

25,275 
23,220 

29,209 
28,119 

30,960
27,012

Liability in balance sheet 

4,670 

7,709 

2,055 

1,090 

3,948

Experience adjustments on scheme assets:
Amount 

Experience adjustments on scheme liabilities:
Amount 

1,813 

2,689 

(6,463) 

(200) 

839

835 

(414) 

372 

(192) 

310

The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows:

Pension benefits

Discount rate 
Inflation rate  – RPI 
– CPI 

Expected return on plan assets 
Rate of increase of pensions in payment 
Rate of increase of deferred pensions 

2010 
% per  
annum 

2009
% per
annum

5.6% 
3.6% 
3.1% 
6.6% 
3.6% 
3.1% 

5.7%
3.5%
–
6.8%
3.5%
3.5%

Assumptions regarding future mortality rates are set based on advice in accordance with published statistics and experience.

The average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at age 65 at the balance sheet date is as follows:

Male 
Female 

2010 
Number 

2009
Number

20.9 
24.2 

20.9
24.1

The average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at age 65, 20 years after the balance sheet date, is as follows: 

2010 
Number 

2009
Number

22.8 
26.2 

22.7
26.1

Male 
Female 

page

70

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

Sensitivity
A sensitivity analysis has been carried out on effect of varying certain assumptions within the calculation of retirement benefit 
obligations.

The effect of a 0.25% increase in the discount rate to 5.85% would be to reduce scheme liabilities by £1,696,000 (4.9%).

The effect of a 0.25% decrease in the discount rate to 5.35% would be to increase scheme liabilities by £1,810,000 (5.2%).

The  effect  of  a  0.25%  increase  in  RPI  inflation  to  3.85%  and  CPI  inflation  to  3.35%  would  increase  scheme  liabilities  by  
£1,325,000 (3.8%).

The  effect  of  a  0.25%  decrease  in  RPI  inflation  to  3.35%  and  CPI  inflation  to  2.85%  would  decrease  scheme  liabilities  by  
£1,241,000 (3.6%)

The  effect  of  a  1  year  increase  to  life  expectancy  would  increase  scheme  liabilities  by  £878,000  (2.5%).  The  effect  of  a  1  year 
reduction in life expectancy would be to reduce scheme liabilities by £893,000 (2.6%)

24  Issued share capital and premium

Group and Company 

At 1 January 2009 
Employee share option schemes 

At 31 December 2009 
Employee share option schemes 

At 31 December 2010 

Number 
of shares 
’000 

Ordinary 
shares 
£’000 

Share
premium
£’000

10,948 
– 

10,948 
10 

1,095 
– 

1,095 
1 

2,332
–

2,332
16

10,958 

1,096 

2,348

The total authorised number of ordinary shares is 14,300,000 (2009: 14,300,000) with a par value of 10p (2009: 10p) per share. All 
issued shares are fully paid.

Share option schemes
The Executive share option scheme was introduced in October 1994 and a complementary unapproved Executive share option 
scheme was approved by shareholders in October 1996. Options under these schemes are granted with a fixed exercise price 
equal to the market price of the shares at the date of issue. Options are normally only exercisable after 3 years from the date of 
grant and expire 10 years from the date of grant. Options granted will be exercisable given satisfaction of the requirement that 
adjusted earnings per ordinary share will increase by at least 6% above the increase in the Retail Price Index over the 3 year period 
from the beginning of the financial year in which the option was granted. Payment of the exercise price of options exercised is 
received in cash. A charge to the Income Statement has been made to reflect the fair value of options granted since 7 November 
2002. Options have been valued using the Black–Scholes option pricing model. No performance conditions were used in the fair 
value calculations.

page

71

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24  Issued share capital and premium (continued)

The fair value per option granted and the assumptions used in the calculation were as follows:

Grant date   

 30 April 2004

Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Number of employees 
Shares under option (30,000 lapsed; 10,000 exercised) 
Vesting period (years) 
Expected volatility 
Option life (years) 
Expected life (years)  
Risk free rate 
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield  
Fair value per option 

208p
208p
12
110,000
3
25%
10
5
4.8%
5.2%
24p

The following options exercisable over ordinary shares were outstanding at 31 December 2010:

Number of shares 
The Executive share option scheme

The unapproved Executive 
share option scheme

2010 

2009 

Exercise 
price 

Date from which
exercisable 

Expiry date

– 
33,000 

2,000 
37,000 

151p 
208p 

December 2003 
April 2007 

December 2010
April 2014

– 
– 
30,000 
37,000 

12,500 
21,500 
40,000 
43,000 

118.5p 
151p 
171p 
208p 

April 2003 
December 2003 
April 2005 
April 2007 

April 2010
December 2010
April 2012
April 2014

100,000 

156,000

Expected volatility is based on historical volatility over the last 3 years. The expected life is the average expected period to exercise. 
The risk free rate of return is the yield on zero coupon UK government bonds of a term consistent with the assumed option life. A 
reconciliation of option movements for the year to 31 December 2010 is set out below.

2010 

2009 

2010 
  Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

2009
  Weighted
average
exercise
price

Number 
000 

Number 
000 

Outstanding at 1 January 
Forfeited/lapsed 
Exercised 

Outstanding at 31 December 
Exercisable at 31 December 

page

72

156,000 
(10,500) 
(45,500) 

182.8p 
205.3p 
146.5p 

166,000 
– 
(10,000) 

100,000 
100,000 

196.9p 
196.9p 

156,000 
156,000 

184.3p
–
208.0p

182.8p
182.8p

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24  Issued share capital and premium (continued)
There were no share options granted during the year (2009: £nil).

2010 

Weighted  
average 
exercise  
price 

2010 

2010 

2010 
  Weighted  Weighted 

2009 

average 

  remaining  remaining 
life 
 (expected) (contractual) 

average  Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

life 

Number 
‘000 

2009 

2009 

2009
  Weighted  Weighted
average
remaining
life
(expected) (contractual)

average 
remaining 
life 

Number 
000 

100p–149p  
150p–199p  
200p–250p  

– 
171p 
208p 

– 
30,000 
70,000 

– 
0.0 
0.0 

– 
0.9 
3.3 

118.5p 
163.6p 
208.0p 

12,500 
63,500 
80,000 

0.0 
0.0 
0.0 

0.3
1.9
4.3

The weighted average share price for options exercised in the period was 146.5p (2009: 208.0p). The total credit during the year 
for employee share based payment plans was £45,000 (2009: charge £22,000), all of which related to equity settled share based 
payment transactions. 

25  Treasury shares
Group and Company 

As at 1 January 2010 
Purchase of own shares 
Reissue of shares 
Transfer to retained earnings (note 27) 

As at 31 December 2010 

£’000

117
91
(49)
(68)

91

During the year the Group repurchased 32,000 (2009: nil) 10p ordinary shares and reissued 35,400 (2009: 10,000) of these under 
employee share option schemes. The Group currently holds 32,000 (2009: 35,400) shares in Treasury.

26  Other reserves

Group 

Balance at 1 January 2009 
Depreciation transfer – gross 
Depreciation transfer – tax 
Share based payment charge 
Currency translation 

Balance at 31 December 2009 
Depreciation transfer – gross 
Depreciation transfer – tax 
Share based payment credit 
Currency translation 

Balance at 31 December 2010 

Land and 
buildings 

Currency 
  revaluation  translation 
£’000 

£’000 

Share
based 
payment 
£’000 

Other
reserves 
£’000 

900 
(12) 
2 
– 
– 

890 
(12) 
18 
– 
– 

896 

36 
– 
– 
– 
(14) 

22 
– 
– 
– 
7 

29 

47 
– 
– 
22 
– 

69 
– 
– 
(45) 
– 

24 

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

Total
£’000

1,236
(12)
2
22
(14)

1,234
(12)
18
(45)
7

253 
– 
– 
– 
– 

253 
– 
– 
– 
– 

253 

1,202

page

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26  Other reserves (continued)

The land and buildings revaluation reserve is the reserve created under UK GAAP where the land and buildings were revalued 
in 1992. On adoption of IFRS the Group took the exemption conferred by IFRS 1 to treat this revalued amount as deemed cost on 
transition because it approximated to fair value at that time. The release between the revaluation reserve and the profit and loss 
reserve is the release to distributable reserves of the additional depreciation on revaluation.

Other than the revaluation reserve, there are no restrictions on the distribution of the reserves.

Company
Other reserves of £24,000 (2009: £69,000) represent provision for share based payment as shown in the above table.

27  Retained earnings

At 1 January 2009 
Profit/(loss) for the year 
Dividends paid in 2009 
Depreciation transfer on land and buildings net of tax 
Actuarial losses net of tax 

At 31 December 2009 

At 1 January 2010 
Profit for the year 
Dividends paid in 2010 
Depreciation transfer on land and buildings net of tax 
Actuarial gains net of tax 
Transfer from treasury shares (note 25) 

At 31 December 2010 

Group  Company
£’000
£’000 

24,086 
1,556 
(1,526) 
12 
(4,136) 

10,001
(23)
(1,526)
–
–

19,992 

8,452

19,992 
1,731 
(1,529) 
(6) 
1,894 
(68) 

8,452
68
(1,529)
–
–
(68)

22,014 

6,923

28  Commitments
Capital commitments
Capital expenditure contracted for at the balance sheet date but not yet incurred is as follows:

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets: Computer software 

Group 

Company

2010 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

604 
44 

648 

696 
33 

729 

– 
– 

– 

–
–

–

page

74

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28  Commitments (continued)
Operating lease commitments
The  Group  has  financial  commitments  in  respect  of  non  cancellable  operating  leases  of  plant  and  machinery  for  which  the 
payments extend over a number of years as follows:

Group 

Company

2010 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

Payments under operating leases charged against income during the year  

Future aggregate minimum commitments under non-cancellable operating leases:
No later than 1 year  
Later than 1 year and no later than 5 years 

4 

3 
– 

31 

4 
3 

– 

– 
– 

–

–
–

29  Related party transactions

Details of related party transactions for the Group are shown in the Directors’ Report, Report of the Remuneration Committee and 
in the Notes to the financial statements appropriate to the type of transaction being dealt with. 

The Directors do not consider the Company to have an ultimate controlling party.

Company
Details of related party transactions involving the Company were as follows:

Subsidiaries
Management charge to Churchill China, Inc 
Interest received from Churchill China (UK) Limited 
Loans repaid – Churchill China (UK) Limited 
Loans outstanding as at the year end (mainly Churchill China (UK) Limited)  

2010 
£’000 

6 
3 
1,639 
7,010 

2009
£’000

6
5
1,686
8,640

30  Financial instruments by category

The accounting policies for financial instruments have been applied to the line items in the accounts. All financial assets and 
including cash and cash equivalents are classified as loans and receivables, with the exception of financial assets available for 
sale, in both 2010 and 2009, as disclosed in note 17.

page

75

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Turnover 

45,930 

46,930 

41,969 

41,705 

43,746

2006 
£’000 

2007 
£’000 

2008 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

2010
£’000

Operating profit before exceptional items 
Share of results of associate net of impairment 
Finance income/(cost) 

Profit on ordinary activities before profit on disposal of fixed asset 
and exceptional items 
Exceptional items 
Profit on disposal of property 

Profit before taxation 
Income tax expense 
Income tax expense – exceptional 

Profit after taxation 

Dividends   

Net assets employed 

Ratios
Operating margin before exceptional items 
Basic earnings per share (p) 
Adjusted basic earnings per share (p) 

2,795 
(7) 
294 

3,082 
784 
1,876 

5,742 
(1,631) 
– 

3,230 
120 
694 

4,044 
– 
798 

4,842 
(1,147) 
– 

2,804 
(71) 
629 

3,362 
– 
– 

3,362 
(938) 
(919) 

2,288 
(18) 
(201) 

2,069 
– 
– 

2,069 
(513) 
– 

2,287
162
(135)

2,314
–
–

2,314
(583)
–

4,111 

3,695 

1,505 

1,556 

1,731

(1,217) 

(1,375) 

(1,531) 

(1,526) 

(1,529)

25,653 

29,731 

28,612 

24,536 

26,569

6.1% 
37.7 
20.5 

6.9% 
33.8 
26.5 

6.7% 
13.8 
22.2 

5.5% 
14.3 
14.3 

5.2%
15.8
15.8

The  adjusted  basic  earnings  per  share  is  based  on  the  profit  on  ordinary  activities  after  taxation  and  adjusted  to  take  into  account 
exceptional items, profit on disposal of fixed assets and the recognition of related deferred tax assets. The above figures for the year 
ended 31 December 2006 have been adjusted to reflect the introduction of International Financial Reporting Standards.

page

76

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the  Annual  General  Meeting  of  Churchill  China  plc  will  be  held  at  Marlborough  Pottery,  High  Street, 
Sandyford, Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent on Wednesday 18 May 2011 at 11.30 a.m. for the following purposes:

Ordinary Business
To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions which will be proposed as ordinary resolutions:

1.  That the reports of the Directors and the Auditors and the Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2010 be received.

2.  That a final dividend of 9.2p on each ordinary share be declared in respect of the year ended 31 December 2010.

3.  That Andrew Roper be re-elected as a Director.

4.  That Jonathan Morgan be re-elected as a Director.

5.  That Alan McWalter be elected as a Director.

6.  That Jonathan Sparey be re-elected as a Director.

7.   That the Auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, be reappointed and that the Directors be authorised to fix their remuneration for 

the year ending 31 December 2011. 

8.   That the Directors’ Remuneration Report for the year ended 31 December 2010 be approved.

Special Business
To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions which will be proposed as special resolutions:

9.   That:

(a)  the Directors be and they are hereby empowered under Section 570 of the Companies Act 2006 (‘the Act’) to allot equity securities 
(as defined in Section 560 of the Act) for cash under the authority conferred by a resolution dated 21 May 2008, as if Section 561 
of the Act did not apply to such allotment, provided that this power shall be limited to:

(i)  the allotment of equity securities in connection with an offer of equity securities to:

(1)  ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly as may be) to their existing holdings; and

(2)  holders of other equity securities, if this is required by the rights of those securities, or, if the Directors consider it necessary 
as permitted by the rights of those securities, but subject to such exclusions and other arrangements as the Directors may 
consider necessary or desirable to deal with fractional entitlements, record dates, treasury shares or any legal, practical or 
regulatory problems under the laws of any territory (including the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange) 
or any other matter; and

(ii)  the  allotment  of  equity  securities  (otherwise  than  as  mentioned  in  sub-paragraph  (a)  of  this  resolution)  up  to  an  aggregate 

nominal amount of £109,259;

(b)  unless previously renewed, varied or revoked, this power shall expire at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting or 
18 November 2012, whichever is the earlier, but during this period the Company may make an offer or agreement which would 
or  might  require  equity  securities  to  be  allotted  after  this  authority  expires  and  the  Directors  may  allot  equity  securities  in 
pursuance of that offer or agreement notwithstanding that the authority has expired;

(c)  this power applies in relation to a sale of shares which is an allotment of equity securities by virtue of Section 560(2)(b) of the Act. 

page

77

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

10.  That the Company be generally and unconditionally authorised for the purposes of Sections 693 and 701 of the Act to make market 
purchases (within the meaning of Section 693(4) of the Act) of ordinary shares of 10p each in the capital of the Company (‘Ordinary 
Shares’) on such terms and in such manner as the Directors of the Company may from time to time determine, provided that:

(a)  the maximum aggregate number of Ordinary Shares hereby authorised to be purchased is 1,092,590; 

(b)  the minimum price which may be paid for an Ordinary Share, exclusive of all expenses, shall be 10p;

(c)  the maximum price which may be paid for an Ordinary Share, exclusive of all expenses, cannot be more than an amount equal 

to the higher of:

(i)   5% above the average of the middle market quotations for an Ordinary Share as derived from the Alternative Investment 
Market section of the London Stock Exchange Daily Official List for the 5 business days immediately preceding the date on 
which such Ordinary Share is purchased; and

(ii)  the price stipulated by Article 5(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 2273/2003 (the Buy-back and Stabilisation Regulation);

(d)  unless previously renewed, varied or revoked, the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the conclusion of the Company’s next 

Annual General Meeting or 18 November 2012, whichever is the earlier; and

(e)  the Company may prior to the expiry of the authority hereby conferred make a contract or contracts to purchase Ordinary Shares 

under such authority which will or may be executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority. 

11.  That a General meeting other than an Annual General Meeting may be called on not less than 14 clear days’ notice.

By Order of the Board

D J S Taylor
Company Secretary
Dated 20 April 2011

Registered Office
Marlborough Pottery
High Street
Tunstall
Stoke-on-Trent
ST6 5NZ

Registered Number 2709505

The Directors of the Company consider that all the proposals to be considered at the Annual General Meeting are in the best interests 
of the Company and its members as a whole and are most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members 
as a whole. The Directors unanimously recommend that you vote in favour of all the proposed resolutions.

page

78

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
1.   Members are entitled to appoint a proxy to exercise all or any of their rights to attend and to speak and vote on their behalf at the 
meeting. A shareholder may appoint more than one proxy in relation to the AGM provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the 
rights attached to a different share or shares held by that shareholder. A proxy need not be a shareholder of the Company. A form 
of proxy which may be used to make such appointment and give proxy instructions accompanies this notice. Instructions for use are 
shown on the form. If you do not have a form of proxy and believe that you should have one, or if you require additional forms, please 
contact our registrars, Equiniti , on 0871 384 2287. Calls to this number from a BT landline cost 8p per minute; other providers’ costs 
may vary. If calling from overseas, please call +44 (0)121 415 7047. Lines are open 8.30 a.m. – 5 p.m., Monday–Friday. To appoint more 
than one proxy, you may photocopy the proxy form.

2.  To be valid, any form of proxy or other instrument appointing a proxy must be received by post or (during normal business hours only) 
by hand at the offices of the Company’s registrars, Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA, 
no later than 11.30 a.m. on 16 May 2011. If you return more than one proxy appointment, that received last by the Registrar before the 
latest time for the receipt of proxies will take precedence. You are advised to read the terms and conditions of use carefully. 

3.  The return of a completed form of proxy will not prevent a shareholder attending the AGM and voting in person if he/she wishes  

to do so.

4.  Any corporation which is a member can appoint one or more corporate representatives who may exercise on its behalf all of its 

powers as a member provided that they do not do so in relation to the same shares. 

5.  Any  person  to  whom  this  notice  is  sent  who  is  a  person  nominated  under  Section  146  of  the  Act  to  enjoy  information  rights  (a 
‘Nominated Person’) may, under an agreement between him/her and the shareholder by whom he/she was nominated, have a right 
to be appointed (or to have someone else appointed) as a proxy for the AGM. If a Nominated Person has no such proxy appointment 
or does not wish to exercise it, he/she may, under any such agreement, have a right to give instructions to the shareholder as to the 
exercise of voting rights.

6.  The  statement  of  the  rights  of  shareholders  in  relation  to  the  appointment  of  proxies  in  notes  1  and  2  above  does  not  apply  to 

Nominated Persons. The rights described in these paragraphs can only be exercised by shareholders of the Company. 

 7.  To  be  entitled  to  attend  and  vote  at  the  AGM  (and  for  the  purpose  of  the  determination  by  the  Company  of  the  votes  they  may 
cast), shareholders must be registered in the Register of Members of the Company at 11.30 a.m. on 16 May 2011 (or, in the event 
of  any  adjournment,  on  the  date  which  is  2  days  before  the  time  of  the  adjourned  meeting).  Changes  to  the  Register  after  the 
relevant deadline shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person to attend and vote at the meeting. There are no other 
procedures or requirements for entitled shareholders to comply with in order to attend and vote at the AGM. Voting at the meeting 
will be conducted by way of a show of hands, unless a poll is correctly called for.

8.   As at 20 April 2011 (being the last practicable date prior to publication of this Notice), the Company’s total issued equity share capital 
consists of 10,957,976 ordinary shares, carrying one vote each. Therefore, the total voting rights in the Company as at 20 April 2011 
are 10,957,976.

9.   Under Section 527 of the Act, members meeting the threshold requirements set out in that Section have the right to require the 
Company to publish on a website a statement setting out any matter relating to: (i) the audit of the Company’s accounts (including 
the  auditors’  report  and  the  conduct  of  the  audit)  that  are  to  be  laid  before  the  AGM;  or  (ii)  any  circumstance  connected  with 
an auditor of the Company ceasing to hold office since the previous meeting at which annual accounts and reports were laid in 
accordance with Section 437 of the Act. The Company may not require the shareholders requesting any such website publication to 
pay its expenses in complying with Sections 527 or 528 of the Act. Where the Company is required to place a statement on a website 
under Section 527 of the Act, it must forward the statement to the Company’s auditors not later than the time when it makes the 
statement available on the website. The business which may be dealt with at the AGM includes any statement that the Company has 
been required under Section 527 of the Act to publish on a website.

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10.  Pursuant to Section 319A of the Act, the Company must cause to be answered at the AGM any question relating to the business being 
dealt with at the AGM which is put by a member attending the meeting, except in certain circumstances, including if it is undesirable 
in the interests of the Company or the good order of the meeting that the question be answered or if to do so would involve the 
disclosure of confidential information.

11. Except as provided above, members who wish to communicate with the Company in relation to the AGM should do so using the 
following means: (1) by writing to the Company Secretary at the Registered Office address; or (2) by writing to the Registrars, Equiniti 
Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA. No other methods of communication will be accepted, In 
particular, you may not use any electronic address provided either in this Notice or in any related documents for any purposes other 
than expressly stated.

12.  A  copy  of  this  Notice,  and  other  information  required  by  Section  311A  of  the  Act,  can  be  found  at  www.churchillchina. 

plc.uk.  

13.  Copies of the Directors’ Service Contracts and the non executive Directors’ letter of appointment will be available for inspection at 
the Company’s Registered Office address on weekdays (Saturdays and public holidays excepted) during business hours from the date 
of this Notice until the conclusion of the AGM.

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The notes on the following pages give an explanation of certain of the proposed resolutions.

1.  Resolutions 3 and 4: In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association at every AGM a certain number of Directors must 
retire by rotation. Mr A Roper and Mr J Morgan are retiring by rotation and resolutions 3 and 4 seek approval for their re-election as 
Executive and Non Executive Director respectively. 

2.   Resolution 5: Is a resolution to elect Mr A McWalter as a non executive Director who has been appointed to the Board since the 
date of the last AGM and under the Articles of Association of the Company must retire and be elected at the next AGM. The basis 
upon which the Board believes that Mr McWalter should be elected is that he will bring significant experience to the Board from 
both his executive and non executive roles and will allow the Company to satisfy Corporate Governance obligations in relation to the 
composition and balance of the Board under the Combined Code.

3.  Resolution 6: Is a resolution to re-elect Mr  J Sparey who having served in excess of 9 years as a non executive Director must now, 

in accordance with guidance under the Combined Code, retire and offer himself for re-election each year.

Biographical details for the Directors are set out on page 15 of the Report and Accounts.

Each of the Directors has had a formal performance evaluation and the Board believes that each of them continues to be effective 
and demonstrates commitment to the role. 

4.   Resolution 9: Under Section 570 of the Act, when new shares are allotted or treasury shares are sold for cash, they must first be 
offered to existing shareholders pro rata to their holdings. This special resolution empowers the Directors to: (a) allot shares of the 
Company in connection with a rights issue, scrip dividend or other similar issue; and (b) otherwise allot shares of the Company, or 
sell treasury shares for cash, up to an aggregate nominal value of £109,259 (representing in accordance with institutional investor 
guidelines, approximately 10% of the total issued equity share capital as at 20 April 2011) (being the last practicable date prior to the 
publication of this Notice) as if the pre-emption rights of Section 570 did not apply. 

Except in relation to the Company’s employee share schemes, the Directors have no immediate plans to make use of this power. 
In line with best practice, the Company confirms that it has not issued more than 7.5% of its issued share capital on a non-pro rata 
basis over the last 3 years, and it confirms its intention to adhere to the provisions in the Pre-Emption Group Statement of Principles 
regarding cumulative usage of authorities of no more than 7.5% of the issued ordinary share capital within a rolling 3 year period.

This power shall cease to have effect at the conclusion of the next AGM or on 18 November 2012, whichever is the earlier..

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5.   Resolution 10 renews the Directors’ current authority to make limited market purchases of the Company’s ordinary shares. The 
power is limited to a maximum aggregate number of 1,092,590 ordinary shares (representing approximately 10% of the issued share 
capital excluding treasury shares as at 20 April 2011 (being the last practicable date prior to publication of this Notice)) and details 
the minimum and maximum prices that can be paid, exclusive of expenses. Any purchases of ordinary shares would be made by 
means of market purchase through the London Stock Exchange.

The Directors undertake that the authority conferred by this resolution, if approved, will only be used if to do so would result in an 
increase in earnings per share and be in the best interests of shareholders generally.

Current legislation allows companies to hold shares acquired by way of market purchase in treasury, rather than having to cancel 
them. The Directors may use the authority to purchase shares and hold them in treasury (and subsequently sell or transfer them 
out of treasury as permitted in accordance with legislation) rather than cancel them, subject to institutional guidelines applicable 
at the time. Shares will only be purchased if to do so would result in an increase in earnings per share and is in the best interests 
of shareholders generally. The Board has previously indicated its intention to continue to return surplus cash to shareholders via 
on-market purchase of its own shares where it is not required to finance the organic expansion of the business, acquisitions and 
dividend payments.

The authority conferred by this resolution will expire at the conclusion of the next AGM or on 18 November 2012, whichever is the 
earlier. 

6.   Resolution 11 is required under the Shareholders’ Rights Regulations in order to preserve the ability of the Company to call general 
meetings on 14 days’ notice, with shareholders’ approval. The approval will be effective until the 2012 Annual General Meeting when 
it is intended that a similar resolution will be proposed. The Company will also need to meet the requirements for electronic voting 
under the Regulations before it can call a general meeting on 14 days’ notice.

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page

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Financial Highlights 

Five Year Performance 

Company Profile 

Chairman's Statement 

   Financial Review 

   Operational Review 

   People 

   Prospects 

Directors’ Report 

Report of the Remuneration 
Committee 

Corporate Governance 

Independent Auditors’ Report 

Consolidated Income Statement 

Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Balance Sheet 

Company Balance Sheet 

Consolidated Statement of 
Changes in Equity 

1

2

3

4

6

8

12

13 

14 

24

32

34 

36

37

38

39

40 

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement  41 

Reconciliation of Operating Profit to
Net Cash from Operating Activities 

42

Notes to the 
Financial Statements 

Five Year Financial Record 

43

76 

Notice of Annual General Meeting 

77

Above: Disney 100 Acre Wood

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
China plc

China plc

Churchill China plc
Marlborough Pottery, High Street, Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, ST6 5NZ
www.churchillchina.com
©Churchill China plc 2011

Annual Report
2010

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3

20494.04  13/04/2011 

Proof 3