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Choice Hotels International

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FY2012 Annual Report · Choice Hotels International
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China plc

Annual Report
2012

Contents

Performance

Innovation

Uncompromising Service

Passion

Responsiveness

Above: Melamine & Wooden Buffet Trays

Financial Highlights

Five Year Performance

Company Profile

Chairman’s Statement
       Financial Review
       Operational Review
       People
       Prospects

Directors’ Report

Report of the Remuneration 
Committee

Corporate Governance

Independent Auditors Report

Consolidated Income Statement

Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income

Consolidated Balance Sheet

Company Balance Sheet

Consolidated Statement of 
Changes in Equity

1

2

3

4
6
8
12
13

14

24

32

35

37

38

39

40

41

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

42

Reconciliation of Operating Profit to 
Net Cash from Operating Activities

43

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements

Five Year Record

44

75

Notice of Annual General Meeting

76

Financial Highlights

 Results 
Revenue - continuing operations

Operating profit - continuing operations

Share of results of associate company

Net finance income

Profit before income tax

Dividends paid

Key Ratios
Operating margin

Basic earnings per share

Diluted basic earnings per share

Dividends paid per share

2012
£000

2011 
£000

41,435

42,296

2,830

18

239

3,087

1,529

6.8%

22.2p

22.0p

14.0p

2,713

(41)

22

2,694

1,530

6.4%

19.2p

19.2p

14.0p

Above: Alchemy Canape Tray & 
Art de Cuisine Miniatures

Above: Alchemy Canape Tray &  
Art de Cuisine Black Miniatures

Above: Alchemy Canape Tray &  
Art de Cuisine Black & White Miniatures

1

5 Year Performance

08

09

10

11

12

08

09

10

11

12

08

09

10

11

12

42.0

41.7

43.7

42.3

41.4

Revenue (£m)

0 

10  

20 

30 

40 

50

3,362

2,069

2,314

2,694

3,087

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5

Profit before exceptional items 
(£000)

14.3

15.8

22.2

19.2

22.2

Adjusted basic 
earnings per share (p)

0 

5 

10 

15 

20  

25 

30

2

Company Profile

CHURCHILL CHINA plc
DIRECTORS, SECRETARY AND ADVISERS

Above: Alchemy Ambience

EXECUTIVE  
DIRECTORS
A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor

NON-EXECUTIVE  
DIRECTORS
J N E Sparey *•
J W Morgan *•
A J McWalter *•

SECRETARY 
AND REGISTERED OFFICE
D J S Taylor ACA
Marlborough Pottery
High Street
Tunstall
Stoke-on-Trent
Staffordshire
ST6 5NZ

INDEPENDENT 
AUDITORS
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors
Cornwall Court
19 Cornwall Street
Birmingham
B3 2DT

BANKERS
Lloyds Banking Group plc
8th Floor
40 Spring Gardens
Manchester
M2 1EN

SOLICITORS
Addleshaw Goddard
100 Barbirolli Square
Manchester
M2 3AB

STOCKBROKERS 
AND ADVISERS
N+1 Singer Advisory LLP
12 Smithfield Street
London
EC1A 9BD

REGISTRARS
Equiniti
Aspect House
Spencer Road
Lancing
West Sussex
BN99 6ZX

* Member of audit committee

• Member of remuneration committee

   Registered no: 2709505

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement

“Churchill China delivered a solid performance in 2012”

INTRODUCTION

I  am  very  pleased  to  report  that  Churchill  China 

Group profit before tax for the year rose by 15% to 

delivered a solid performance in 2012, particularly 

£3.1m (2011: £2.7m). Churchill continues to operate 

in  the  last  quarter  of  the  year,  achieving  key 

with a strong balance sheet which included cash 

objectives.  Sales  in  our  core  Hospitality  business 

and deposit balances of £7.0m (2011: £6.9m) at the 

continued to show improvement although the level 

end of the year. The new financial year has started 

of international contracts was lower than in 2011. 

positively with good UK Hospitality sales and trading 

in the early months of 2013 has been encouraging.  

Our Retail business has been revitalised, delivering 

an increased contribution on a lower level of sales.

Total Group revenues were slightly lower at £41.4m 

(2011:  £42.3m)  reflecting  the  net  effect  of  higher 

revenues  in  Hospitality  and  the  impact  of  the 

planned reduction in Retail sales.

4

Above Left: Penzance
Above Right: Julie Dodsworth 

Above: Churchill Super Vitrified Glide

5

Financial Review

Above lifestyles from left to right: Alchemy Balance, Churchill Supervitrified Glide & Alchemy Buffet Trays   

Group  operating  profit  increased  by  4%  to  £2.8m 

despite an increase in the asset value of the scheme. 

(2011: £2.7m) with margins rising from 6.4% to 6.8% 

This charge is a non-cash item. The present value 

whilst  Earnings  before  interest,  tax,  depreciation 

of the deficit on the scheme increased as discount 

and amortisation fell slightly by £0.2m to £4.4m.

rates reduced, but remains at an acceptable level.

Pre-tax  profits  increased  by  15%  to  £3.1m  (2011: 

£2.7m) as our improved trading performance was 

Dividend and Shareholder Return

enhanced  by  a  notional  interest  credit  of  £0.2m 

(2011: £nil) from our pension scheme reflecting the 

The Board is pleased to recommend an increased 

improved funding position at the start of the year.

final  dividend  of  9.4p  (2011:  9.2p),  making  the 

Earnings per share improved by 16% to 22.2p 

improvement  in  profitability  demonstrated  in  the 

total dividend for the year 14.2p (2011: 14.0p). The 

(2011: 19.2p).

year  has  raised  our  overall  dividend  cover  to  a 

level of 1.6 times and Churchill continues to provide 

We  continue  to  generate  strong  cash  flows  from 

investors  with  a  dividend  yield  of  more  than  4%.  

operations  although,  at  £3.4m,  these  were  at 

This increased dividend reflects the confidence of 

lower levels than last year (2011: £5.9m) when we 

the Board in the performance and prospects of the

significantly reduced levels of working capital. The 

business.

level  of  cash  generation  was  again  enhanced 

by a reduction in receivables, which fell to £7.3m 

Total  shareholder  returns  have  risen  over  the 

(2011: £7.8m), offsetting a further rise in inventory as 

year  reflecting  improved  profitability,  a  healthy 

we expanded our Hospitality product range. As a 

dividend  and  a  general  rise  in  equity  valuations. 

result, our year end level of net cash and deposit

We  delivered  an  overall  return  to  shareholders  of 

balances increased slightly to £7.0m (2011: £6.9m).

17% in 2012.

The International Accounting Standards Board has 

revised IAS 19, the accounting standard applying 

to  pension  benefits,  and  the  notional  income 

on  the  scheme  will  be  restricted  in  the  future.  

We  estimate  that  the  credit  of  £0.2m  enjoyed 

in  2012  will  become  a  charge  of  £0.2m  in  2013, 

6

“We delivered an overall return to shareholders of 17% in 2012”

Above: Alchemy Signature Tile & Board

7

Operational Review

Above lifestyles: Churchill Super Vitrified Bamboo  

“We maintained our market leading position in the UK”

HOSPITALITY

Our  Hospitality  business  performed  well  in  2012 

We have continued to invest additional resources 

although revenues of £29.4m were only marginally 

in  sales,  marketing  and  design  expertise  to 

ahead  of  the  previous  year  (2011:  £29.2m). 

meet  identified  demand  in  our  key  markets.  We  

Operating profit was lower at £4.2m (2011: £4.7m), 

undertook  a  major  investment  in  new  product 

adversely  affected  by  the  geographic  mix  of 

development  which  culminated  in  the  modelling 

export sales, the impact of a stronger Sterling and 

and launch of our new embossed shape “Bamboo” 

increased investment in longer term business

in January 2013.

development.

Our stock levels increased during the year, notably 

We maintained our market leading position in the 

of imported product in advance of the imposition 

UK, delivering a very positive first half performance. 

of  the  EU  anti-dumping  duty  surcharge.  We  also 

The  UK  market  slowed  in  the  third  quarter  of 

increased inventories of branded and non-ceramic 

2012  reflecting  a  broader  European  economic 

product 

ranges 

in  anticipation  of 

increased 

uncertainty  at  the  time  but  recovered  in  the 

demand.

last  quarter,  invariably  a  crucial  period  for  the 

hospitality industry as a whole. Our export sales were 

stronger and better balanced across a wider range 

of accounts than in 2011 with strong sales in Eastern

Europe  and  the  Middle  East,  together  with  new 

distributors  in  Australia  and  Canada  performing 

particularly  well.  Western  European  markets  were 

more challenged, with respectable local currency 

performance in Spain for example, being negated 

by the currency effects upon translation. 

8

Above: Churchill Super Vitrified Bamboo

9

Operational Review

“Our sustained commitment to invest in UK manufacturing 
and specifically to innovation in the ceramics industry”

MANUFACTURING and OPERATIONS

We maintained manufacturing volumes throughout 

2012,  operating  at  relatively  high  efficiency  levels. 

We experienced a notable increase in demand for 

lithographed product from both Hospitality and Retail 

customers  which  contributed  towards  the  creation 

of  additional  manufacturing  jobs.  We  have  also 

continued our investment in robotics.

At the end of 2012 we purchased a high technology 

glazing  plant  as  part  of  our  sustained  commitment 

to  invest  in  UK  manufacturing  and  specifically  to 

innovation  in  the  ceramics  industry.  It  is  also  in  line 

with our long term strategy to reduce costs, improve 

quality  and  increase  the  operational  flexibility  of 

our  manufacturing  facility.  We  are  making  further 

investment  in  modern,  gas  efficient,  glost-firing 

facilities over the next 12 months.

10

Above: Caravan Trail

“Our Retail business again increased operating profits”

RETAIL

Our Retail business again increased operating profits 

during  the  year  to  £1.4m  (2011:  £1.0m)  on  lower 

revenues  of  £12.0m  (2011:  £13.1m).  The  anticipated 

reduction in high volume, low margin sales was more 

than  compensated  by  the  shift  in  customer  mix  to 

higher quality sales in our middle market, principally, 

independent sector accounts.

We are very fortunate to be working with some of the 

UK’s top names including Cath Kidston, Jamie Oliver, 

Alex  Clark,  Julie  Dodsworth  and  Dee  Hardwicke.  In 

2012 we also signed a new licence with Belle and Boo.

At recent trade shows sales of our own brands have 

exceeded all expectations. These and other product 

ranges  distributed  to  UK  independent  retailers  and 

similar  accounts  in  selected  export  markets  remains 

at the core of our strategy.

Above: Little Rhymes Pirates

11

People

“The Churchill team demonstrates an extraordinary 
array of skills, talents and dedication”

The  continued  long  term  success  of  the  business 

In  May  this  year  we  are  hoping  to  raise  £40,000 

is  inextricably  linked  to  the  quality  of  our  people. 

by  means  of  a  “teacup  challenge”  in  aid  of  the 

The  combined  Churchill  team  demonstrates  an 

Douglas MacMillan Hospice, a local charity which 

extraordinary array of skills, talents and dedication.

is  celebrating  its  40th  birthday.  In  a  time  span  of 

We  are  fortunate  to  have  been  able  to  attract 

and  packed  and  then  carried  and  delivered  to 

and  retain  key  industry  players  over  many  years 

London by a relay of runners.

only 48 hours a teacup will be made, glazed, fired 

from  potters  and  modellers  to  marketeers  and 

managers.

12

Above: Made With Love

MADE IN ENGLAND

“We are confident that the business strategies for both our 
Hospitality and Retail activities will deliver improved returns”

BOARD CHANGES

We expect our Hospitality business to benefit from 

an  increased  level  of  new  product  introductions 

As announced in January, I will be retiring from the 

and to generate improved returns on investments 

Board at the Annual General Meeting in May this 

made in 2012.

year, and this will be my last Chairman’s Statement. I 

first met Churchill in 1998 and joined the Board in 2000 

The 

recently 

imposed  EU  anti-dumping  duty 

as  a  Non-Executive  Director.  I  have  participated 

surcharge  on  Chinese  ceramics  is  likely  to  have 

in  the  Board  during  a  transformation  of  the 

an effect on Retail margins in the short term, due 

company at a time of huge structural changes in 

to  disruption  of  the  supply  chain  and  the  natural 

the  UK  ceramics  industry.  Churchill  has  emerged 

delay  in  securing  price  increases.  Given  our  UK 

as  a  vibrant,  dynamic  and  innovative  business 

manufacturing  capacity  we  confidently  expect 

built upon a fine 200 year heritage with excellent 

they will have a positive effect on our revenues in 

prospects. At its heart is a passionate, talented and 

the medium and longer term.

committed  management  team  and  workforce 

and I would like to thank all those involved in the 

company  for  making  my  tenure  on  the  Board  so 

rewarding.

Churchill  has  a  strong  balance  sheet  and  a 

significantly  cash  generative  business  model 

which  enables  us  to  sustain  investment  in  our  UK 

manufacturing  base,  in  our  sales  and  marketing 

Alan  McWalter,  who  joined  Churchill  in  2011  as  a  

resources  and  in  an  ambitious  programme  of 

Non-Executive  Director,  will  succeed  me  as 

new product development to drive future returns. 

Chairman.  Alan  is  a  Non-Executive  Director  of 

I  am  confident  we  will  continue  to  improve  our 

Dignity  plc  and  a  Board  member  of  a  number  of 

operating performance in 2013.

Jonathan Sparey

Chairman

25 March 2013

other companies. I have no doubt he will provide 

excellent direction to the Group in his new role.

PROSPECTS

Churchill China has delivered a good set of results 

for  2012  and  has  started  2013  on  a  positive  note. 

We  are  confident  that  the  business  strategies  for 

both our Hospitality and Retail activities will deliver 

improved returns.

13

Above: Cath Kidston

Directors’ Report

for the year ended 31 December 2012

The  Directors  present  their  annual  report  and  the  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  for  the  year 
ended 31 December 2012. 

Principal activities, operating and financial review
The  Company  is  a  public  limited  company  listed  on  the  Alternative  Investment  Market  (AIM)  and  is  incorporated  and 
domiciled in the UK. The registered office is disclosed at the front of these accounts and the Company number is 2709505.
The consolidated income statement for the year is set out on page 37.

The  principal  activity  of  the  Group  is  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  ceramic  and  related  products  for  hospitality  and 
household markets around the world. 

A review of the operations of the Group during the year and its future prospects are given in the Chairman’s Statement on 
page 4 and Business Review section of this report on page 15.

Dividends 
The Directors have paid the following dividends in respect of the years ended 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011:

Ordinary dividend:
Final dividend 2011 9.2p (Final dividend 2010: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share

Interim dividend 2012 4.8p (2011: 4.8p) per 10p ordinary share

2012
£’000

1,005
524

1,529

2011
£’000

1,005
525

1,530

The Directors now recommend payment of the following dividend:

Ordinary dividend:

Final dividend 2012 9.4p (2011: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share

1,027

1,005

Dividends on treasury shares held by the Company are waived.

Directors
The Directors of the Company who have served during the year and up to the date of signing of the financial statements 
are as follows:

J N E Sparey* 
A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor 
J W Morgan*
A J McWalter* 

* Non Executive

14

 
 
 
 
The Directors retiring by rotation are A D Roper and J W Morgan who being eligible, offer themselves for re-election. The 
unexpired terms of the service contracts of A D Roper and J W Morgan are twelve months.

J N E Sparey has now served as a non Executive Director of the company for over 12 years and is retiring from the Board 
at the next Annual General Meeting.

The biographical details of the Directors are as follows:

Jonathan Sparey, Non Executive Chairman, aged 55, is a senior partner and member of the Global Leadership Team of 
L.E.K. Consulting LLP, a leading international corporate strategy firm. He was previously a Director of the merchant bank 
Samuel Montagu and Co. He joined the Board in 2000.

Andrew  Roper,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  aged  64,  has  worked  for  the  Company  since  1973.  He  has  responsibility  for  the 
development of Group strategy and for operational performance and development. He was appointed to his present role 
in 2007 following on from his role as Group Managing Director since 1998.

David  Taylor,  Finance  Director  and  Company  Secretary,  aged  53,  has  worked  for  the  Group  for  21  years.  Following 
qualification as a Chartered Accountant with KPMG, he worked in a number of finance roles before joining Churchill in 
1992. He was appointed to the Board in 1993.

David  O’Connor,  Chief  Operating  Officer,  aged  56,  has  worked  for  Churchill  for  22  years  in  a  number  of  production, 
operations and marketing roles. He has extensive experience within the Ceramics industry and joined the Board in 1999.

Jonathan Morgan, Non Executive Director, aged 55, is a Director of SVG Investment Managers Limited and has many years 
of experience in investment management within small and medium sized growth companies. He was previously Managing 
Director of Prudential plc’s Private Equity business in Europe and Asia Pacific. He joined the Board in 2007.

Alan McWalter, Non Executive Director, aged 59, joined the Group in January 2011. He is a Director of several listed and 
private companies and has extensive high level experience within marketing roles in a number of major companies in the 
Retail and Consumer Goods sectors.

Business review
Business environment
The Group operates in many different geographic markets serving hospitality and retail customers with a range of tabletop 
products, principally ceramic tableware. Whilst our largest exposure is to the UK market, where we generate over 62% of 
our gross revenue, we also enjoy significant sales to Europe and North America which respectively account for 18% and 
8%  of  our  turnover.  Almost  without  exception  all  of  these  markets  are  subject  to  competitive  pressure  and  our  costs  of 
operation require constant review and control.

Hospitality markets have generally performed well, with maintained levels of dining out in the UK and continued investment 
by pub, restaurant and hotel owners a major driver of demand for our products. The impact of more difficult economic 
conditions  in  Europe,  together  with  the  effects  of  stronger  sterling  across  the  year  have  been  offset  by  benefits  from 
improved  distribution  and  developments  in  our  product  range.  Our  North  American  revenues  have  improved  given 
changes  in  distribution  route.  Less  developed  markets  have  performed  satisfactorily  although  with  lower  levels  of  new 
installation business. Hospitality markets are generally more long term in their outlook and there are barriers to entry given 
the nature and structure of the market which places a premium on service, quality and technical performance. 

Retail  markets  have  remained  difficult  with  lower  levels  of  consumer  spending.  We  have  however  benefitted  from  our 
decision  to  withdraw  from  more  price  sensitive  volume  channel  business  to  concentrate  on  higher  margin  sectors  of 
the market. As a result whilst our overall revenues have fallen in this segment, we have reported increased margins and 
profitability. In Retail markets our customers are able to choose from a wide variety of alternative suppliers based both in 
the UK and overseas. We expect retail markets in particular to be more volatile in the early part of 2013 as the effects of a 
substantial rise in EU duty rates on Chinese imports are assessed by retailers and consumers.

15

Directors’ Report

(continued)

We believe that there has been little overall growth in our markets during the year as difficult macro-economic conditions 
have persisted. Progress has only been possible given clear focus on long term market development, careful management 
of commercial relationships, a consistent programme of investment and some benefit from the Group’s geographic spread 
of markets. Forecasts for the UK and our major export markets suggest that economic growth will remain restrained in 2013. 
Our forward planning process assumes that there will be no major economic growth in 2013 and we continue to manage 
our business accordingly.

The cost of imported product has continued to rise through 2012 due to increased inflation in Far Eastern economies. Our 
UK manufacturing operations remain subject to tight cost control but are a focus for further investment. The introduction 
of additional duties on Chinese imports should be positive for all UK ceramics manufacturers in the longer term. Labour 
rates  and  material  and  energy  costs  have  risen  again  although  we  achieved  some  offsetting  gains  through  increased 
efficiencies following on from earlier investments.

We believe that to succeed as a business we must remain agile and anticipate and respond to these changes. Our business 
model cannot remain static and we must constantly review our business and amend our operations where necessary.

Strategy
The  Group’s  strategy  is  to  generate  improved  shareholder  returns  through  the  provision  of  value  to  customers  through 
excellence  in  design,  quality  and  service.  We  aim  to  increase  long  term  Group  profitability  principally  through  steady 
increments to sales and margins, but also through active control of our cost base and a focus on cash generation.

Our long term aim is to build revenues in markets offering a reasonable and repeatable level of revenue and profitability 
and to reduce our exposure to markets and customers where the margin on sales does not adequately cover our costs 
of  operation.  At  present  this  leads  us  towards  development  of  revenues  in  hospitality  markets  worldwide  and  in  the 
independent and department store sectors of the retail market.

Our strategies are designed to allow us to identify markets where we may profitably grow our revenues on a long term 
basis. Our process is to research customer product requirements and the distribution structure of those markets and then 
to invest to generate margin and ultimately a return for shareholders. This process builds on our established and market 
leading positions in hospitality ceramics and increasingly attractive retail middle market business.

We  also  invest  steadily  in  respect  of  increasing  our  production  capability.  This  involves  investment  in  new  product 
development as well as capital investment in productive capacity.

It  is  a  key  strategic  aim  to  design  products  that  meet  our  end  users  requirements  in  terms  of  performance,  shape  and 
surface design. Our target markets require product that is aesthetically appealing whilst also performing to appropriate 
customer and technical standards.

All our products, whether ceramic or other complementary tabletop lines, are researched and designed within Churchill or 
in conjunction with experienced external manufacturers, designers and licensors. The ability to develop and manufacture 
successful new products and ranges and to bring these to market is an important part of our success. We have invested 
significant resource in new staff and flexible technology to increase our capability in this area.

We understand that quality must exist throughout our business process. Quality is reflected not only in the appearance of 
our product but in its design, its performance in operation and in the systems which support the fulfilment of our contract 
with our customers.

We control and measure quality through a number of integrated systems in our business and, where applicable, in our 
suppliers. We also review customer feedback and maintain an active involvement with our customers after we have sold 
product to them.

Customer service remains a major part of our strategy. The fulfilment of customer expectations is critical to the maintenance 
of good relationships. Most of our customers are repeat customers and as such we must ensure that they return to Churchill.

16

Our  production  and  logistic  facilities  have  been  designed  to  balance  efficiency  and  flexibility  within  manufacturing  to 
ensure that we can respond quickly to unexpected demand levels. We have steadily developed our working processes 
to forecast likely demand for products and to manage our stock holding to ensure that we meet ambitious on time, in full, 
delivery targets. We invest regularly in these processes to maintain a market leading position in customer service.

We assess our performance in this area principally by measurement of the degree to which we meet agreed order delivery 
schedules on time and in full.

Key performance indicators
Revenue and revenue growth
The absolute levels of revenue and revenue growth are reviewed regularly by business segment through the year against 
previous year, current year targets and against strategic expectations.

Revenue 2012: £41.4m (2011: £42.3m)

Revenue growth 2012: -2% (2011: -3%)

Our sales to UK customers fell by 3% overall as we withdrew from lower margin Retail accounts. This was partially offset 
by another good performance from sales to UK Hospitality accounts in a generally flat market and continued progress in 
extending our middle market Retail business. Sales to Europe fell as our principal markets were affected by poor economic 
conditions and sterling strengthened against the Euro. Sales to North America improved following changes in our distribution 
structure within the market. Our overall progress in other markets was acceptable with increased revenues in the Far East 
and Australasia offsetting a fall in the Middle East. Whilst our core Middle East business progressed satisfactorily, we did not 
enjoy the same level of new installation business as in 2011.

Whilst revenue growth in Hospitality did not match the levels achieved in 2011 we were pleased with the progress made 
against long term development targets.

Customer service and inventory
Customer service and inventory holding levels are reviewed on a regular basis as part of the operational management 
of the  Group’s business. The main  aim  of  this  measure  is to  ensure that  the  Group’s strong reputation for on  time order 
fulfilment is maintained, consistent with the efficient operation of production and sourcing activities and the optimisation 
of working capital.

Inventory 2012: £9.9m (2011: £9.1m)

The increase in inventory holding levels reflects increased sales to Hospitality customers and the extension of our product 
range from ceramics to glass and cutlery. Retail stocks were reduced as revenues fell. Inventory levels were also increased 
to reduce risk associated with the introduction of increased European import duties.

Operating profit and profit before taxation
The level of operating profit and significant factors affecting its delivery are reviewed and controlled on a regular basis.

Operating profit 2012: £2.8m (2011: £2.7m)

Group operating profit increased by over 4%. Performance in our Hospitality division was affected by lower levels of sales 
growth and continued investment in new product development and sales and market infrastructure associated with our 
long term growth plans. Our improved performance in Retail reflected continued progress against our plan to reposition 
this division to more profitable market sectors. Central costs were well controlled. Operating margins increased satisfactorily 
to 6.8% (2011: 6.4%) reflecting an increased mix of higher margin sales in both Hospitality and Retail.

17

Directors’ Report

(continued)

The level of profit before tax is reviewed on a monthly basis against previous performance and target levels.

Profit before taxation 2012: £3.1m (2011: £2.7m)

Profit before taxation moved forward by 15% as operating profits were increased and the notional interest credit associated 
with our pension scheme increased. Our share of the profit of our associate company Furlong Mills grew.

Operating cash generation
The  Group  believes  that  over  an  extended  time  period  it  is  important  to  generate  cash  at  an  operating  level  at  least 
equivalent  to  declared  operating  profit.  This  measure  identifies  the  effectiveness  of  our  control  over  working  capital 
demands and ensures that cash is available for further investment in the business, to meet taxation payments and to ensure 
that our shareholders receive an appropriate return.

Operating cash generation 2012: £3.4m (2011: £5.9m)

Percentage of operating cash generation to operating profit for the year 121% (2011: 218%).

Three year average percentage of operating cash generation to operating profit 134% (2011: 144%).

Operating cash generation was maintained at satisfactory levels given continued control of working capital. The increase 
in inventory holdings to support the extension of our product range was offset by further reductions in receivable balances 
and an improved rate of cash collections.

Future outlook
The  Board  believes  that  whilst  the  short  term  outlook  for  a  number  of  our  markets  remains  affected  by  general  economic 
uncertainty, the strong position we hold in a number of hospitality markets will mean that we will continue to be able to improve 
our overall business performance. We expect to benefit from an increased level of investment in new product development 
for hospitality products during 2013. Whilst the improved performance from the re-positioning of our Retail business will continue, 
we believe that the return from this business will be affected in the short term by the imposition of significantly increased levels 
of  import  duty  on  product  sourced  from  China.  This  change  is  expected  to  make  retail  markets  for  tabletop  ceramics  less 
predictable, but in the long term should benefit UK based manufacturers such as ourselves. We have, where possible, taken 
action to mitigate the negative effects of this change on our business. The Group’s strong financial position allows us to invest for 
the long term and reduces the risk to the business from sudden changes in market conditions.

The  Board  continues  to  believe  that  long  term  demand  for  hospitality  products  in  developed  markets  will  continue  to 
increase as leisure related spending grows. There has been a long term expansion in eating out in the UK and the Group 
intends to continue to extend its leading UK position whilst investing in the development of export markets.

In the UK we believe that we will continue to reinforce our market leadership based on our programme of introducing new 
products specifically targeted at meeting customer requirements. The opportunities overseas may be divided into markets 
where hospitality is well established, but the Group has not yet achieved a reasonable market share and developmental 
markets where demand for hospitality products is likely to grow as local or regional economies develop. It is therefore believed 
that there will be significant opportunities for further and sustained growth in the medium and long term. Our market and 
product development strategies are well resourced and have generated a number of new opportunities for us.

We expect Retail markets to continue to exhibit little growth given economic constraints, but believe that we can continue 
to  generate  an  acceptable  return  for  shareholders.  Our  relatively  small  size  and  increased  focus  on  profitable  markets 
should continue to generate new opportunities. The imposition of higher levels of duty in Europe will inevitably lead to a less 
predictable trading environment in the short term.

We continue to approach all our markets with a view to long term, investment led, development.

18

 
Principal risks and uncertainties
The Group’s operations are subject to a number of risks, which are formally reviewed by the Board in a systematic manner 
on a regular basis. We then build processes to manage appropriately and mitigate risks where possible. The key business 
risks currently affecting the Group are set out below:

Market change
The  Group  operates  in  dynamic  markets  where  there  have  been  significant  recent  changes  to  economic  conditions, 
distribution  channels  within  each  market  and  product  requirements  in  these  markets.  The  Group  actively  manages  its 
market exposure and profitability, but risks losing revenue if we do not anticipate market trends.

The risk inherent in each market is offset by regular review of market conditions and forecasts, the relatively broad spread 
of our operations in geographic terms and by a widening portfolio of products to serve different segments of these markets. 
We are actively developing new geographic markets and introducing new product ranges. As we enter new markets this 
introduces new risks to the Group although it does also diversify our overall market exposure and reliance on existing products.

Currency exposure
The Group’s position as a worldwide provider of ceramic and related products means that our profitability will be subject to 
currency fluctuations related to export sales and the purchase of certain products for resale. Our non sterling receipts are 
principally denominated in US dollars and Euros. Against US dollar receipts we have a partial natural offset due to our overseas 
sourcing operations where the cost of purchase from our third party suppliers is generally denominated in US dollars.

We  review  and  control  our  transactional  foreign  currency  exposure  regularly  and  take  appropriate  action  to  manage 
net exposures using simple option forward contracts. We do not as a matter of policy take longer term positions to cover 
economic foreign currency exposure in this area, but review currency rate changes as part of our pricing policy. 

Cost competitiveness and supply chain
Our markets have been subject to significant cost movements in recent years. We have augmented our UK production 
facilities with a range of third party suppliers who generally operate in lower cost environments. The use of these suppliers 
exposes us to risks in relation to interruption to supply and changes in cost structures arising from economic or regulatory 
change. We manage this risk by diversifying our sources.

Approximately  two  thirds  of  our  sales  are  manufactured  in  our  production  facility.  Whilst  this  provides  a  high  quality 
and effective source of products it exposes us to risk in the case of the potential loss of availability of our factory for an 
extended period. This risk is controlled through management procedures, appropriate investment and ultimately insurance 
arrangements.

As a major user of energy within our production process we have an exposure to changes in availability and price of gas 
and electricity. We have sought to control this risk through management of our overall energy consumption and through 
contractual arrangements to ensure that we maintain adequate supplies of power at a cost which enables us to operate 
efficiently.

Customer and supplier creditworthiness
Whilst the Group maintains a strong balance sheet and credit position it operates in a market where both customers and 
suppliers are exposed to credit and liquidity related problems. The Group manages this risk by trading, where possible, on 
secured terms and by regularly reviewing the financial position of key business partners.

Product compliance
We are exposed to risk in relation to our products meeting accepted safety standards within the markets we serve. Each 
major geographic market applies different standards and legal penalties may be considerable for non compliance.

We manage these risks principally through the monitoring of applicable standards, the testing of our product to ensure 
it meets these standards and sale in accordance with local regulations. We also, where practical, maintain appropriate 
external insurance.

19

Directors’ Report

(continued)

Ethical standards
The Group expect high ethical standards to be met in all areas of its operation and from all its employees and recognises 
the role of the Board in defining and meeting these standards. We have a published ethical policy.

Employees
The Group recognises that well trained, motivated and committed employees are critical to the current and future success 
of  our  business.  We  aim  to  involve  our  workforce,  through  employee  communication,  team  briefs  and  various  internal 
forums to encourage our employees to engage with the Group’s strategy and goals. We have worked hard to develop 
and foster an open, constructive and rewarding relationship with our employees and their trade union representation and 
meet with them regularly to discuss developments within the business.

Training  and  development  at  all  levels  within  the  business  is  actively  promoted,  from  essential  skills  to  professional 
qualifications. We have worked extensively with our local further education college to develop vocational training courses 
for our employees. Our programme to offer essential skills within the working day has been of substantial benefit to a number 
of the employees who took advantage of this opportunity. Our engineering and supervisory multi-skilling programmes are 
core to us meeting strategic manufacturing objectives. Our long term commitment to our workforce and this has helped 
overall morale, motivation and labour retention.

Our  ongoing  graduate  programme  continues  to  bring  high  quality  recruits  to  the  business.  The  early  members  of  this 
programme are now reaching high levels within the organisation and represent a key part of our management team.

The Group is fully committed to its equal opportunities employment policy offering equality in recruitment, training, career 
development and promotion of all employees irrespective of gender, ethnic origin, age, nationality, marital status, religion, 
sexual orientation or disability. If an employee were to become disabled during their employment every effort would be 
made to retain them within the business and offer appropriate re-training.

Health and safety
The health and safety of our employees is central to our operations and we invest significant effort and resource to target 
continuous improvement. Health and safety is a Board responsibility and receives constant management focus, the Board 
has access to appropriately trained and skilled assistance to meet its obligations. Our approach to health and safety is 
embedded in our day to day working practices. Our health and safety policy is documented and published and we aim 
to identify and to reduce health and safety risks associated with our operations to the lowest practical levels.

We work to continually improve health and safety providing a safe and healthy working environment for all our employees 
and  visitors.  NEBOSH,  NVQs  and  internal  training  programmes  are  regularly  offered  to  update  safety  skills  for  all  our 
employees.

Environment, social and community
The Group considers and manages the impact of its actions on the environment and wider social and community issues. 
We  are  anxious  that  we  take  into  account  our  economic,  social  and  environmental  impact  locally,  nationally  and 
internationally.

The principal impact of the Group’s operations on the environment are in relation to the energy it consumes and the waste 
products produced as part of its operations. Whilst the Company manufactures a product which may be re-used many 
hundreds of times, a significant amount of energy is consumed in its production. As a result of this we have invested over 
several  years  to  reduce  our  energy  consumption  and  have  replaced  older  systems  and  machinery  with  more  modern 
energy  efficient  plant  and  procedures.  We  run  on-going  programmes  to  minimise  energy  usage  and  waste.  We  have 
significantly reduced the amount of waste sent from the Group to landfill.

20

We understand that we have an impact on our local community and consider the effect of our actions on our local area. 
Where possible we work to reduce any adverse effects of our operations, consistent with the needs of other stakeholders 
within  our  business.  We  actively  engage  within  our  community  the  contact  with  our  neighbours  and  local  schools  and 
particularly through local charity initiatives. We encourage and support our employees to become involved in community 
and charitable work. We run a number of events each year in support of charitable causes. 

Where possible we source our materials and services locally. A strong support industry is important to the long term future 
of the Group.

We also take an active role in supporting both the local ceramic industry and wider initiative within the hospitality sector 
and support a number of training programmes.

Research and development
The introduction of new and innovative products and designs remains a cornerstone of our future strategy. The Group’s 
aim is to continue to identify future market trends and then to design and develop products that meet these needs. We 
have increased our investment in the development of new products across the year to take advantage of new market 
opportunities. A significant effort is made to develop our process technology to allow the introduction of more complex 
product designs. New product development is controlled through regular meetings and the success of new launches is 
reviewed in the short term against individual targets and over the longer term as a function of our strategy.

Overseas branches
The Group’s principal operations are located within the United Kingdom, however Churchill China plc also operates from 
a US based sales subsidiary. We closed our small Australian branch operation during the year and now operate through a 
distributor in that market.

Insurance for Directors
The Group maintains insurance for the Directors in respect of their duties as Directors. 

Financing
The Group currently utilises equity and retained earnings to finance its operations in relation to short, medium and long term 
requirements. The Group has historically enjoyed a good record of operating cash generation and forward investment and 
other cash requirements have been financed from this source.

If additional financing is needed in the short term the Group has access to short term variable rate financing arrangements 
on an unsecured basis to provide finance for working capital requirements should they be required. The Group is currently 
ungeared and there are no assets currently subject to security, although cross guarantees exist between different Group 
companies. These assets would therefore form an alternative source of short to medium term funding if this were required. 
Larger long term funding requirements may be met from debt and equity sources if this is required.

During the year the Group generated £3.4m of operating cash flow and after payment of corporate taxation of £0.7m, 
invested £1.2m net in capital projects and returned £1.5m to shareholders by way of dividend.

The Group reviews and maintains adequate levels of liquidity to meet short term operating commitments as part of its day 
to day treasury management. Longer term liquidity and cash requirements are reviewed as part of the Group’s budgetary 
and strategic planning processes.

21

Directors’ Report

(continued)

Financial instruments
The Group uses its own cash resources and forward exchange contracts and foreign currency bank accounts to manage 
its exposure to exchange rate risk caused by trading activities in currencies other than sterling.

The risk management policy adopted is to regularly review forward foreign currency cash flows, identifying the currency 
effect of completed sale and purchase transactions, transactions which have been contracted for but not completed and 
an assessment of expected likely forward cash flows. The net currency exposure arising from this review is then managed 
using forward option contracts. Net currency exposures are generally covered between three and six months forward at 
any point in time. The Group does not trade in financial instruments.

The Group has no material interest rate risk, the only interest rate exposure is in relation to returns on short term cash deposits 
and borrowings.

Note 2 to the accounts includes financial risk considerations.

Land and buildings
The current value of land and buildings is in the opinion of the Directors in excess of the value included in these accounts. 
This has not been quantified because independent valuations have not been undertaken.

Substantial shareholdings
The Directors have been advised of the following individual interests, or Group of interests, other than those dealt with in 
the summary of Directors’ interests in the Report of the Remuneration Committee, held by persons acting together, which 
at 19 March 2012 exceeded 3% of the Company’s issued share capital:

Shareholder

New Landfinance Holdings Limited BVI
J A Roper
S Baker
E S & SJ Roper
Investec Wealth and Investment
M J & G Roper
Henderson Global Investors Limited

Number of 
ordinary 
shares

2,484,500
1,102,500
1,100,000
672,265
588,966
535,380
440,000

Percentage

22.7%
10.1%
10.1%
6.2%
5.4%
4.9%
4.0%

Share repurchase
During the year the Company repurchased nil (2011: 65,000) 10p ordinary shares at a total cost of £nil (2011: £176,000) in 
order to improve overall shareholder return. Nil (2011: 64,000) shares were re-issued in respect of employee share option 
schemes for a total consideration of £nil (2011: £122,000). The maximum number of shares held in treasury by the Company 
during the year was 33,000 10p ordinary shares. The Company retains a power, subject to the fulfilment of certain conditions 
and as approved at the 2012 Annual General Meeting, for the further purchase of its own shares.

Suppliers
The Group agrees terms and conditions covering its business with its suppliers at the time of each transaction or in advance. 
In  normal  circumstances  payment  is  generally  made  in  accordance  with  these  terms,  subject  to  suppliers  meeting  the 
agreed terms and conditions.

The Group’s average creditor payment period at 31 December 2012 was 38 days (2011: 35 days). The Company has no 
trade creditors.

22

Political and charitable contributions
Contributions made by the Group during the year for political and charitable purposes were £nil (2011: £nil) and £9,000 
(2011: £3,000) respectively. In addition to the above the Group regularly donates quantities of product to charitable causes. 
The  estimated  value  of  these  donations  in  2012  was  £9,000  (2011:  £9,000).  The  Group’s  policy  in  respect  of  charitable 
donations is to support local charities and institutions, particularly in relation to education and sport.

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable 
law and regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors 
have  prepared  the  Group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs) 
as adopted by the European Union, and the parent company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company 
law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of 
the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing these 
financial statements, the Directors are required to:

●● select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
●● make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
●● state whether IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, 
subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  Group  and  Company  financial  statements 
respectively;

●● prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company 

will continue in business.

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the Company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom 
governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

Disclosure of information to auditors
In the case of each of the persons who are Directors at the date of this report, as far as each Director is aware, there is no 
relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware. Relevant information is defined as “information 
needed by the Company’s auditors in connection with preparing their report”. Each Director has taken all the steps that 
he ought to have taken in his duty as a Director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to 
establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of that information.

Independent auditors
The auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, have indicated their willingness to continue in office and a resolution that they 
be re-appointed will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

By order of the Board

D J S Taylor
Company Secretary 
25 March 2013

23

Report of the Remuneration Committee

for the year ended 31 December 2012

Summary
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

Following a review of Executive Directors remuneration in 2011, the Remuneration Committee’s aim during the year was to 
amend the balance between salary and performance related remuneration. The revised structure is intended to improve 
the incentive to Executive Directors to increase Group profitability and to more clearly align the interests of Directors and 
shareholders. We also introduced a new long term incentive plan to grant options to Senior Executives, with the specific 
aim of aligning executive reward with the creation of value for shareholders.

As a result there was no increase in base pay at the review date in the year. Challenging targets were set for the Executive 
Directors bonus scheme and as in 2011 this was based on operating profit as we believe this measure best supports the 
Board’s aims in relation to the development of our business and the successful implementation of the growth strategies we 
have agreed. Options under the Long Term Incentive Plan were granted to two Executive Directors in the year and these 
will only vest in full if earnings per share growth over the three year assessment period is in excess of long term average 
profit growth.

Group performance was in line with our targets but did not demonstrate the levels of outperformance achieved in 2011. As 
a result bonus levels were reduced in comparison to last year. Operating profit increased by 4% and pre tax profit by 15%. 
We have maintained our strong cash position and balance sheet. Total shareholder return over the year was 17%.

Overall remuneration for the current members of the Board fell by 7% from £924,000 to £862,000 due to maintained levels 
of basic pay, reductions in the levels of bonuses and lower gains on the exercise of share options. Additionally the overall 
reward to Board members fell as the number of Executive Directors was reduced.

The Group is in the process of reviewing the effect of the Department of Business, Innovation and Skills report on Remuneration 
Reporting Requirements. A number of changes and additional disclosures have been made in the 2012 report to reflect 
the revised requirements and it is anticipated that further disclosures will be made in the 2013 Annual Report when the 
requirements come into effect.

Remuneration policy
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

The terms of Reference for the Remuneration Committee are listed below:

●● To determine, on behalf of the Board and the Shareholders, the Group’s broad policy for Executive reward and the 
entire individual remuneration including terms of service for each of the Executive Directors (and as appropriate other 
nominated Senior Executives).

●● In doing so, to give the Executive Directors appropriate encouragement to enhance Group performance and ensure 

that they are fairly but reasonably rewarded for their individual responsibilities, abilities and contribution.

●● To report and account directly to the Shareholders, on behalf of the Board, for their decisions.

The Remuneration Committee has issued a policy statement which is endorsed by the Board. In determining its policy the 
Committee has given full consideration to the UK Corporate Governance Code. The two elements of this statement are:

●● Total  rewards  to  Executive  Directors  are  intended  to  provide  a  comprehensive  benefit  package  which  attracts, 
motivates and retains individuals of calibre and experience to achieve continuous improvement in shareholder value 
(whilst at all times maintaining the highest levels of integrity). Reflecting individual responsibilities, abilities, expertise and 
preferences, a balance is sought between guaranteed income through salary and pension with incentives aligned to 
measurable criteria in relation to short term performance in the form of annual bonus schemes and longer term share 
based plans.

●● Total rewards will be set with acknowledgement of comparable rewards in industry - related public companies and 
those of similar scale and also with sensitivity to subordinate staff within the Group with whom the packages will as far 
as possible be consistent and fair.

24

The  Remuneration  Committee  has  the  power  to  consider  the  Group’s  performance  on  environmental,  social  and 
governance issues when setting the remuneration of Executive Directors.

The Remuneration Committee is composed of J W Morgan, who acts as Chairman, J N E Sparey and A J McWalter, all of 
whom are Non Executive Directors.

During the year the following provided advice which materially assisted the Remuneration Committee; A D Roper (Chief 
Executive Officer), A M Basnett (HR Director, Churchill China (UK) Limited) and New Bridge Street (a part of Aon Hewitt 
Limited),  a  company  specialising  in  the  provision  of  remuneration  advice  to  listed  companies.  New  Bridge  Street  is  a 
member of the Remuneration Consultants Group and adheres to its code of conduct.

The following table details the elements of remuneration that make  up  total remuneration and explains  how these are 
linked to the Group’s strategy and how they operate. 

Base salary

Purpose and link to strategy
Help recruit and retain employees

Operation
Reviewed annually and fixed for twelve months.

Salary influenced by: 

Scale and scope of role, experience of employee and 
performance

Average change in salary for the workforce as a whole

Salaries are benchmarked against comparator 
companies

Directors are entitled to the reimbursement of costs 
associated with their role. Executive Directors are entitled 
to healthcare benefits.

Benefits

Help recruit and retain employees

Annual bonus

Rewards the achievement of annual 
financial and strategic business targets 
and delivery of personal objectives

Targets are set annually and relate to the areas of the 
business where the Director has particular control

Bonus level is determined by the Remuneration 
Committee after the year end based on performance 
against targets

Long term incentive 
plan

Incentivises employees to achieve a 
higher level of return to shareholders  
over a longer period of time.

The Company operates an LTIP approved on 16 May 
2012

Executive Directors are eligible for the grant of low 
cost options annually with vesting dependent on the 
achievement of performance conditions over a three 
year period.

Pension

Helps to recruit and retain employees 
over a sustained period

The Company operates a defined contribution pension 
scheme. Bonus and LTIP payments are not pensionable.

The Company previously operated a defined benefit 
pension scheme which was closed for future accrual in 
2006. All Executive Directors are deferred members of this 
scheme.

25

Report of the Remuneration Committee

(continued)

Implementation 
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited. 

Emoluments of the Directors were as follows:

Benefits 
in kind
£

Pensions
 (see below)
£

Gains
made on 
exercise of 
options
£

Aggregate 
emoluments
£

Per- 
formance 
bonuses
£

46,000
29,992
31,785

–
–
–

Salary
£

200,000
184,000
195,000

60,000
37,500
37,500

829
965
818

–
–
–

–
18,400
19,500

–
–
–

714,000

107,777

2,612

37,900

200,000
184,000
191,333
126,225

59,333
36,875
36,875

56,000
51,520
54,600
29,317

–
–
–

966
1,119
1,023
938

–
–
–

–
16,560
17,293
8,836

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–

–
14,100
2,280
3,420

–
–
–

246,829
233,357
247,103

60,000
37,500
37,500

862,289

256,966
267,299
266,529
168,736

59,333
36,875
36,875

2012
Executive
A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor
Non Executive
J N E Sparey
J W Morgan

A J McWalter

2011
Executive
A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor
I T Hicks *
Non Executive
J N E Sparey
J W Morgan

A J McWalter

834,641

191,437

4,046

42,689

19,800

1,092,613

* I T Hicks’ remuneration is shown to the date of his resignation from the Board on 2 December 2011.

There were no contracts of significance during or at the end of the financial year in which a Director of the Company was 
materially interested.

No Director waived emoluments in respect of the years ended 31 December 2012 and 2011.

Pension costs above represent contributions as defined by the London Stock Exchange guidance and are contributions 
made by the Group to defined contribution schemes. For additional information in respect of Directors’ pensions refer to 
the section ‘Pensions’ below.

26

Long term incentive plan
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

On  16  May  2012  shareholders  approved  the  establishment  of  a  new  long  term  incentive  scheme  for  employees  of  the 
Company. Options granted under this scheme during the year are shown below:

D J S Taylor

Long Term Incentive Plan
D M O’Connor

Date of 
grant

21.06.12

Long Term Incentive Plan

21.06.12

Number of 
options 
31 Dec 
2012

Number 
of options 
31 Dec 
2011

46,730

49,524

–

–

Exercise 
Price  
pence

Date from 
which 
exercisable

Expiry 
date

10

10

Jun 2015

Jun 2022

Jun 2015

Jun 2022

Exercise of the above options is subject to the achievement of performance conditions as specified by the Remuneration 
Committee and are subject to clawback provisions in certain circumstances. The above number of options represent the 
amount that will vest based on the achievement of maximum performance targets. A lower percentage of the above will 
vest given the achievement of lower than maximum performance. At target performance levels 40% of the above options 
would be expected to vest. Below threshold performance no options will vest.

96,254 options were granted on 21 June 2012. The market price of the Company’s shares at the date of grant was 315p.

For the options granted on 21 June 2012, 100% of the shares will vest given an increase of 42% in adjusted (pre exceptional) 
EPS  (‘maximum  performance’)  in  the  year  to  31  December  2014  over  the  base  year  of  31  December  2011,  40%  of  the 
above shares for an increase of 35% in adjusted EPS (‘target performance’) and 25% of the above shares for an increase 
of 28% in adjusted EPS (‘threshold performance’). Between those levels shares will vest on a pro rata basis.

The above awards were double the level of options that the Remuneration Committee would normally expect to grant. 
This higher award was given as no share option grants had been made by the Remuneration Committee since May 2008.

Executive and unapproved Executive share option schemes
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

Details of share options granted under the Executive and unapproved Executive schemes are as follows:

Number of 
options 
31 Dec 
2012

Number 
of options 
31 Dec 
2011

Date of 
grant

Exercise 
Price  
pence

Date from 
which 
exercisable

Expiry 
date

30.04.04

10,000

10,000

208

Apr 2007

Apr 2014

D J S Taylor

Unapproved Executive Scheme
D M O’Connor

Unapproved Executive Scheme

30.04.04

6,000

6,000

208

Apr 2007

Apr 2014

No share options were granted to or exercised by Directors during the year under the Executive and unapproved Executive 
Schemes.

Share options are granted to Directors in accordance with the terms of reference of the Remuneration Committee (see 
page  24)  to  provide  encouragement  to  enhance  Group  performance  in  the  long  term  and  having  regard  to  each 
employees responsibilities, ability and contribution. The grant of options is made at market value at the date of grant at no 
cost to the employee. 

27

Report of the Remuneration Committee

(continued)

The  above  options  are  only  exercisable  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  performance  criteria  in  relation  to  sustained 
improvement in the financial performance of the Group. In the case of the above options the Remuneration Committee 
consider that a sustained improvement in the financial performance of the Group represents an increase in the adjusted 
basic earnings per ordinary share of the Group of at least 6% above the increase in the Retail Price Index over the three 
year period from the beginning of the financial year in which the option was granted.

Shares options are granted to other employees, however these employees are not considered key management as defined 
by IAS 24.The Remuneration Committee does not presently expect further options to be granted under this scheme. 

Phantom Share Scheme
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

Details of share options granted under the Phantom Share Scheme are as follows:

Number of 
phantom 
Shares
31 Dec 
2012
–
–
10,000
–
–
10,000

Number of 
phantom 
Shares
31 Dec 
2011
15,000
15,000
10,000
15,000
15,000
10,000

Date of 
grant
19.12.07
19.12.07
12.05.08
19.12.07
19.12.07
12.05.08

Base value
Pence
300
300
284
300
300
284

Cap value
Pence
550
700
684
550
700
684

Date from 
which 
exercisable
Dec 2010
Dec 2011
May 2012
Dec 2010
Dec 2011
May 2012

Expiry 
date
Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013
Dec 2012
Dec 2012
May 2013

D J S Taylor

D M O’Connor

The  above  options  are  only  exercisable  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  performance  criteria  in  relation  to  a  sustained 
improvement in the financial performance of the Group. In the case of the above options the Remuneration Committee 
consider that a sustained improvement in the financial performance of the Group represents an increase in the adjusted 
basic earnings per ordinary share of the Group of at least 2% per annum above the Retail Price Index over the period from 
the beginning of the financial year in which the option was granted.

No  Phantom  Share  Scheme  options  were  granted  or  were  exercised  during  the  year.  Phantom  Share  Scheme  options 
granted on 19 December 2007 lapsed during the year.

Share price movements during the year
The market price of the Company’s shares at the end of the financial year was 307.5p (2011: 274.5p). The range of prices 
for the year to 31 December 2012 was 263p to 347p (2011: 339p to 255p) per ordinary share.

Gains made by Directors on share options
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

The gains made by the Directors from the exercise of share options during the year shown in the table on page 26 have 
been calculated at the market share price at the date of exercise of the options.

Pensions
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is audited.

The method of provision of pension benefits to Directors changed in 2006. Up to 31 March 2006 benefits were provided 
through a defined benefit scheme, the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme. On 31 March 2006 the accrual of future 
benefits under this scheme ceased and future pension provision was made under a Group Personal Pension arrangement. 
The disclosures below reflect this change.

28

Pension benefits earned by Directors under the defined benefit scheme were as follows:

Change in 
benefit 
over 
the year  
(excl 
inflation)
£
–
–
–

Accrued 
benefit 
£
131,135
29,363
28,844

Capital 
value of 
increase 
£
–
–
–

–

189,342

–

A D Roper
D J S Taylor

D M O’Connor

The disclosure above is in accordance with London Stock Exchange guidance.

A D Roper
D J S Taylor

D M O’Connor

Increase in 
benefit 
over 
the year  
(incl 
inflation)
£
5,259
650
639

Transfer 
value at 
31 Dec 
2012
£
2,188,125
415,278
316,110

Transfer 
value at 
31 Dec 
2011
£
2,324,752
449,035
344,160

Change in 
 transfer 
value 
less Directors’ 
contributions
£
(136,627)
(33,757)
(28,050)

6,548

2,919,513

3,117,947

(198,434)

The disclosure above is in accordance with the Companies Act 2006.

The accrued benefit above is the amount of pension that would be paid each year on retirement based on service to  
31 December 2012 or the date of retirement if earlier.

All transfer values have been calculated on the basis of actuarial advice in accordance with Actuarial Guidance Note 
GN11. The transfer values of the accrued entitlement represent the value of assets that the pension scheme would need to 
transfer to another pension provider on transferring the scheme’s liability in respect of the Directors’ pension benefits that 
they earned in respect of qualifying services. They do not represent the sums payable to the individual Directors.

The transfer value above discloses the current value of the increase in accrued benefits that the Director has earned in 
the period, whereas the change in his transfer value discloses the absolute increase or decrease in his transfer value and 
includes  the  change  in  value  of  accrued  benefits  that  results  from  market  volatility  affecting  the  transfer  value  at  the 
beginning of the period, as well as the additional value earned in the year.

All  scheme  members  have  the  opportunity  to  pay  Additional  Voluntary  Contributions.  Neither  the  contributions  nor  the 
resulting benefits are included in the above table.

All Executive Directors are deferred members of the Churchill Retirement Benefit Scheme. The pension benefit of A D Roper is funded 
to allow retirement based on accrued service to 31 March 2006 on attaining the age of 60 years. The pension benefit of D J S Taylor is 
funded to allow retirement between the ages of 60 and 65 with a pension based on accrued service to 31 March 2006. The pension 
benefits of D M O’Connor is funded to allow retirement at 65 with a pension based on accrued service to 31 March 2006

D J S Taylor and D M O’Connor are members of the Churchill China 2006 Group Personal Pension Plan. Only basic salary 
is pensionable. Contributions made by the Group were as shown on page 26: A D Roper is not a member of the Churchill 
China 2006 Group Personal Pension Plan and does not receive ongoing pension benefits as part of his remuneration.

29

Report of the Remuneration Committee

(continued)

Directors’ service contracts
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

Executive Directors are not appointed on contracts for a fixed duration. All Executive Directors have contracts of service 
which  can  be  terminated  with  a  notice  period  of  twelve  months  from  the  Company  or  six  months  from  the  Director.  
A D Roper’s service contract was signed on 10 September 2009, D J S Taylor’s on 6 October 2009 and D M O’Connor’s on  
15 May 2012.

Non Executive Directors are appointed on fixed term contracts. J W Morgan signed a fixed term contracts of one years’ 
duration on 22 March 2013. A J McWalter signed a fixed term contract of three years’ duration on 31 December 2010.

There are no defined contractual payments in the event of termination of a Directors’ service contract.

Directors’ interests
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited.

The interests of the Directors and their immediate families and family trusts at 31 December 2012 in the 10p ordinary shares 
of the Company were as follows:

A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor
J N E Sparey
J W Morgan

A J McWalter

2012
662,430
18,500
5,599
45,600
28,000
5,000

2011
662,430
18,500
5,599
45,600
28,000
–

765,129

760,129

A D Roper’s interest in the 10p ordinary shares of the Company at 31 December 2012 represented 6.1% (2011: 6.1%) of the 
Company’s issued share capital.

Directors are encouraged to hold shares in the Company in order to align their interests with those of shareholders.

There has been no change in the interests set out above between 31 December 2012 and 25 March 2013.

Shareholder consultation 
Prior to the approval of the new Long Term Incentive Plan at the Annual General Meeting in May 2012 the Remuneration 
Committee consulted with major shareholders in relation to its operation and a detailed circular in respect of the Scheme 
was sent out to all shareholders with the Notice of Annual General Meeting. No significant comments were received.

Two resolutions relating to remuneration were included in the business of the 2012 Annual General Meeting. The standard 
resolution in relation to the approval of the Report of the Remuneration Committee contained in the Annual Report for 2011 
was passed. 99.9% of votes were cast in favour of the resolution, 0.0% against, with 0.1% abstaining. The resolution in relation 
to the approval of the new Long Term Incentive Plan was also passed, with 99.9% of votes cast in favour of the resolution, 
0.1% against and 0.0% abstentions.

30

Performance Graph
This section of the Report of the Remuneration Committee is not audited. 

1.60

1.40

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Churchill

FTSE Fledgling

AIM

(Source: N+1 Singer)

Over a five year period the Group’s total return to shareholders has been substantially above that generated by the AIM 
index and comparable to that achieved by the FTSE Fledgling index. Total returns from the Group in the year have been 
supported by the general rise in equity valuations, but have been enhanced by a further improvement in profitability and 
continuation of our dividend policy. Our overall five year return has remained positive at an average compound rate of 
over 5% (AIM: -7%, FTSE Fledgling +6%). Over the five year period total shareholder return from the Group has been 29%, 
whilst that achieved by the AIM index as a whole was -29% and the FTSE Fledgling 35%. In the year to 31 December 2012 
the overall return from the Group was 17%, the AIM index reported a 2% return and the FTSE Fledgling index rose by 16%.

In  the  opinion  of  the  Directors  the  above  indices  are  the  most  appropriate  indices  against  which  to  measure  the  total 
shareholder return of Churchill China plc as they are constituted of businesses of similar size to the Group.

On behalf of the Board

J W Morgan
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee
25 March 2013

31

 
Corporate Governance

This statement is unaudited.

As a Company quoted on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange, the Company is not required 
to comply with the UK Corporate Governance Code (“the Code”), however the Board supports the standards required by 
the Code and seeks to comply with the principles of the Code as far as practically possible.

The Board of Directors
The Board is currently composed of three Executive and three Non Executive Directors and meets at least eleven times 
per year. It is felt that the current composition and operation of the Board is adequate to ensure a balance of power and 
authority. The Non Executive members of the Board take an active and influential part in Board procedures and a senior 
independent Non Executive Director, J W Morgan, has been formally appointed.

The Code recommends that the Boards of listed companies include at least three independent Non Executive Directors. 
The Board has fully reviewed the independence of Non Executive Directors and J W Morgan and A J McWalter are both 
considered to be independent under the terms of the Code. J N E Sparey is no longer considered to be independent given 
his period of service now exceeds twelve years. The Board does not consider that this is a material departure from the terms 
of the Code.

The Board is reviewing the recommendations of the Davies report on diversity in the Boardroom.

In addition to a formal agenda covering financial control, management and business development, there is appropriate 
debate addressing areas outside the regular agenda to ensure that all Directors are able to take an informed view of the 
progress of the business. The nature of the organisational structure of the Group allows Executive Directors to maintain a 
close involvement in all aspects of the Group’s operations. A schedule of matters reserved for Board decision is maintained 
and a procedure exists to allow Directors access to independent professional advice if required.

The following table shows the attendance of Directors at Board meetings through the year.

A D Roper
D J S Taylor
D M O’Connor
J N E Sparey
J W Morgan
A J McWalter

Meetings 
held
13
13
13
13
13
13

Meetings 
attended
12
13
12
13
12
12

The Directors consider that the Board of Directors include key management for all areas of the business and that there are 
no other key management which require disclosure.

There are two principal sub-committees of the Board.

The  Audit  Committee,  which  is  wholly  composed  of  Non  Executive  Directors,  meets  at  least  twice  per  year  to  receive 
reports from executive management and external auditors and is normally attended by the Finance Director. The Audit 
Committee is chaired by A J McWalter.

The  Remuneration  Committee  is  wholly  composed  of  Non  Executive  Directors  and  is  normally  attended  by  the  Chief 
Executive Officer who takes no part in discussions on his own remuneration. The Remuneration Committee is chaired by  
J W Morgan.

32

Terms of reference for both Committees and a remuneration policy statement have been agreed by the Board.

The  Company  does  not  have  a  Nomination  Committee  as  new  Board  appointments  are  discussed  by  the  Board  as  a 
whole, rather than by delegation to a Committee.

Internal control
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and is responsible for reviewing its 
effectiveness. This system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and 
provides reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss.

The Board has established a system for ongoing review of risk assessment and management procedures to ensure that the 
controls on which it places reliance are operating satisfactorily and that new risks to which the business becomes exposed 
through its activities are recognised and appropriate controls implemented. These procedures have been in operation 
throughout the year and in the period to the date of this report.

The risks to which the Group is exposed are formally reviewed by the Board on a regular basis. Individual reviews of risk areas 
are carried out and the results reported to the Board. Operational responsibility for each of the main risk areas has been 
clearly identified and are allocated to either Directors of the Company or of the Company’s principal operating subsidiary 
Churchill China (UK) Limited, under the supervision of the Board as a whole. Individual managers and employees are also 
aware, where appropriate, of their responsibilities in both identifying and controlling risk.

The  Company’s  systems  in  relation  to  risk  assessment  and  control  seek  to  ensure  that  as  part  of  the  normal  process  of 
business management material risks are identified and brought to the attention of the Board. Directors review risk as part of 
a regular programme of meetings covering both general business processes and specific risk areas. A system of reporting is 
in place to provide control information on key risk areas within reports submitted to the Board and reviewed. In addition to 
this Directors and managers are aware of their responsibility to monitor both changes in business activity and changes to 
the economic and legislative environment in which the Company operates. Potential new risk areas have been identified 
and control procedures documented.

The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal control during the year.

Internal audit
The Company does not employ an internal audit department and does not believe that, given the size and structure of the 
business, the geographic proximity of its major operations and the close control effected by the involvement of Executive 
Directors  in  the  day  to  day  running  of  the  business,  such  a  department  would  provide  an  effective  means  of  gaining 
significant improvements in internal control. The requirement for an internal audit function is reviewed annually.

33

Corporate Governance

(continued)

Internal financial control 
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group’s systems of internal financial control which it exercises through 
an organisational structure with authorisation, monitoring and reporting procedures which are appropriate to the needs 
of the business. These systems have been designed to give the Board reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against 
material misstatement or loss. The principal features of the Group’s system of internal financial control are: the maintenance 
of a control environment in which the need for the highest standards of behaviour and integrity are communicated to 
employees; the use of a detailed reporting system covering performance against comprehensive financial and other key 
operating indicators. The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the operation and effectiveness of the system of 
internal financial control during the year. The Board have responded to this review with management and work to address 
the areas identified.

Going concern
The  Board  confirms  that  having  made  enquiries,  the  Directors  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  the  Group  and  the 
Company have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they 
continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing financial statements.

By order of the Board

D J S Taylor
Company Secretary
25 March 2013

34

Independent Auditors’ Report to the 
Members of Churchill China plc

We have audited the Group and Company financial statements (the “financial statements”) of Churchill China plc for 
the year ended 31 December 2012 which comprise the Consolidated income statement, the Consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income, the Consolidated balance sheet, the Company balance sheet, the Consolidated statement of 
changes in equity, the Consolidated cash flow statement, the Reconciliation of operating profit to net cash inflow from 
operating  activities  and  the  related  notes.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  the  preparation 
of the Group financial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted 
by  the  European  Union.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  the  preparation  of  the  Company 
financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice).

Respective responsibilities of Directors and auditors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities set out on page [16], the Directors are responsible for 
the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to 
audit and express an opinion on the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and International Standards 
on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards 
for Auditors.

This report, including the opinions, has been prepared for and only for the Company’s members as a body in accordance 
with Chapter 3 of part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and for no other purpose. We do not, in giving these opinions, accept 
or assume responsibility for any other purpose or to any other person to whom this report is shown or into whose hands it 
may come save where expressly agreed by our prior consent in writing.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements
An  audit  involves  obtaining  evidence  about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements  sufficient  to  give 
reasonable  assurance  that  the  financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  caused  by  fraud  or 
error.  This  includes  an  assessment  of:  whether  the  accounting  policies  are  appropriate  to  the  Group’s  and  Company’s 
circumstances and have been consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting 
estimates  made  by  the  Directors;  and  the  overall  presentation  of  the  financial  statements.  In  addition,  we  read  all  the 
financial and non-financial information in the Annual Report and Financial Statements to identify material inconsistencies 
with the audited financial statements. If we become aware of any apparent material misstatements or inconsistencies we 
consider the implications for our report.

Opinion
In our opinion:

●● the  financial  statements  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  state  of  the  Group’s  and  of  the  Company’s  affairs  as  at  

31 December 2012 and of the Group’s profit and cash flows for the year then ended;

●● the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European 

Union;

●● the  Company  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom  Generally 

Accepted Accounting Practice; and

●● the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006

35

Independent Auditors’ Report to the 
Members of Churchill China plc (continued)

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion the information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are 
prepared is consistent with the financial statements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you 
if, in our opinion: 

●● adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 

received from branches not visited by us; or

●● the Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
●● certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
●● we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Mike Robinson (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors
Birmingham
25 March 2013

36

Consolidated Income Statement

for the year ended 31 December 2012

Revenue

Operating profit
Share of results of associate company
Finance income

Finance costs
Profit before income tax

Income tax expense

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the Company

Basic earnings per ordinary share

Diluted earnings per share

All of the above figures relate to continuing operations.

Notes

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

4

5
15
8

8

10

11

11

41,435

42,296

2,830
18
279
(40)

3,087
(660)

2,427

2,713
(41)
52
(30)

2,694
(598)

2,096

22.2p
22.0p

19.2p
19.2p

The notes on pages 44 to 74 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The  Company  has  elected  to  take  the  exemption  under  section  408  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  to  not  present  the 
Company profit and loss account. The profit of the Company for the year was £13,000 (2011: £1,244,000)

37

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

for the year ended 31 December 2012

Other comprehensive (expense)/income
Actuarial (loss)/gain on defined benefit obligations (note 23)

Currency translation differences
Other comprehensive (expense)/income for the year 

Profit for the year

Total comprehensive income for the year

Attributable to:

Owners of the Company

2012
£’000

(2,094)
(11)

(2,105)
2,427

322

2011
£’000

573
(1)

572
2,096

2,668

322

2,668

Amounts  in  the  statement  above  are  disclosed  net  of  tax.  The  income  tax  relating  to  each  component  of  other 
comprehensive income is disclosed in note 10.

The Company has no recognised gains and losses other than those included in its profit and loss account and therefore no 
separate Statement of Total Recognised Gains and Losses has been presented.

38

Consolidated Balance Sheet

as at 31 December 2012

Assets
Non current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets
Investment in associate

Deferred income tax assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Other financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Current income tax liabilities

Non current liabilities
Deferred income tax liabilities
Retirement benefit obligations

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity attributable to owners of the Company 
Issued share capital
Share premium account
Treasury shares
Other reserves
Retained earnings

Total equity

Notes

13
14
15

22

18
19
20

21

22
23

24
24
25
26
27

2012
£’000

14,162
73
864
1,285

16,384

9,877
7,333
500
6,497

24,207

40,591

(7,132)
(648)

(7,780)

(1,296)
(5,054)

2011
£’000

14,402
236
846
858

16,342

9,127
7,767
–
6,886

23,780

40,122

(7,044)
(693)

(7,737)

(1,437)
(3,295)

(14,130)

(12,469)

26,461

27,653

1,096
2,348
(89)
1,235
21,871

26,461

1,096
2,348
(89)
1,216
23,082

27,653

The notes on pages 44 to 74 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements on pages 37 to 74 were approved by the Board of Directors on 25 March 2013 and were signed 
on its behalf by:

A D Roper
Director

D J S Taylor
Director

Company number 2709505

39

Company Balance Sheet

as at 31 December 2012

Fixed assets
Investment in associate
Investments in subsidiaries
Deferred income tax assets

Current assets
Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year
Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
Cash at bank and in hand

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

Net current assets

Total assets less current liabilities

Net assets

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
Share premium account
Treasury shares
Other reserves
Profit and loss account

Total shareholders’ funds

Notes

15
16
22

19
19

21

24
24
25
26
27

2012
£’000

355
2,195
4

2,554

5,470
159
304

5,933
(28)

5,905

8,459

8,459

1,096
2,348
(89)
39
5,065

8,459

2011
£’000

355
2,195
–

2,550

6,997
265
164

7,426
(16)

7,410

9,960

9,960

1,096
2,348
(89)
24
6,581

9,960

The notes on pages 44 to 74 are an integral part of these financial statements.

The financial statements on pages 37 to 74 were approved by the Board of Directors on 25 March 2013 and were signed 
on its behalf by:

A D Roper
Director

D J S Taylor
Director

40

 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

for the year ended 31 December 2012

Retained 
earnings
£’000

Share 
capital
£’000

Share 
premium 
account
£’000

Treasury 
shares
£’000

Other 
reserves
£’000

Total 
£’000

22,014

1,096

2,348

(91)

1,202

26,569

Balance at 1 January 2011
Comprehensive Income:
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income:
  Depreciation transfer – gross
  Depreciation transfer – tax
  Actuarial gains – net of tax
  Currency translation

2,096

12
(27)
573
–

Total comprehensive income

2,654

Transactions with owners

 Dividends relating to 2010 and 
2011 (note 12)
Treasury shares (note 25)

Total transactions with owners

Balance at 1 January 2012
Comprehensive Income:
  Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income:
  Depreciation transfer – gross
  Depreciation transfer – tax
  Actuarial losses – net of tax
  Currency translation

Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners

 Dividends relating to 2011 and 
2012 
(note 12)

Share based payment

Total transactions with owners

(1,530)
(56)

(1,586)

23,082

2,427

12
(27)
(2,094)
–

318

(1,529)
–

(1,529)

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
2

2

–

(12)
27
–
(1)

14

–
–

–

1,096

2,348

(89)

1,216

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–

(12)
27
–
(11)

4

–
15

15

2,096

–
–
573
(1)

2,668

(1,530)
(54)

(1,584)

27,653

2,427

–
–
(2,094)
(11)

322

(1,529)
15

(1,514)

Balance at 31 December 2012

21,871

1,096

2,348

(89)

1,235

26,461

41

 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

for the year ended 31 December 2012

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations (see page 43)
Interest received*
Interest paid
Income tax paid

Net cash generated from operating activities

Cash flows investing activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment

Purchases of intangible assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Issue of ordinary shares
Purchase of treasury shares
Dividends paid
Purchase of financial assets

Net cash used in financing activities

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

Exchange (losses)/gains on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

2012
£’000

3,433
76
(40)
(728)

2,741

(1,182)
88
(6)

(1,100)

–
–
(1,529)
(500)

(2,029)

(388)
6,886
(1)

6,497

2011
£’000

5,922
52
(25)
(557)

5,392

(1,383)
117
(99)

(1,365)

122
(176)
(1,530)
–

(1,584)

2,443
4,442
1

6,886

* Conventionally interest received is included under the heading ‘Investing activities’, however the Directors believe that as the Group holds cash in 
support of operating activities it should be disclosed as part of cash generated from operating activities.

42

Reconciliation of Operating Profit to Net Cash Inflow 
from Operating Activities

Continuing operating activities
Operating profit
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Charge for share based payments
Difference between pension service cost and contributions (see note 23)
Changes in working capital:
Inventory
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other payables

Net cash inflow from operations

2012
£’000

2,830

1,592
(2)
15
(672)

(751)
417
4

3,433

2011
£’000

2,713

1,959
(42)
–
(495)

(930)
2,199
518

5,922

43

Notes to the Financial Statements

for the year ended 31 December 2012

1  Summary of significant accounting policies

The consolidated financial statements of Churchill China plc have been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU) and the Companies 
Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared 
under the historical cost convention, as modified by the revaluation of land and buildings, available-for-sale financial 
assets, and financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. 
It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The 
areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant 
to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in note 3.

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out 
below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

Going concern
After  making  enquiries,  the  Directors  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  the  Group  and  the  Company  have 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.

The Group and the Company therefore continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing their consolidated 
financial statements.

Changes in accounting policy and disclosures
(a) New and amended standards adopted by the Group
There are no IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are effective for the first time for the financial year beginning on or after 
1 January 2012 that would be expected to have a material impact on the Group. 

(b) New standards and interpretations not yet adopted
A  number  of  new  standards  and  amendments  to  standards  and  interpretations  are  effective  for  annual  periods 
beginning after 1 January 2013, and have not been applied in preparing these consolidated financial statements. 
None  of  these  are  expected  to  have  a  significant  effect  on  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group, 
except the following set out below:

Amendment to IAS 1, ‘Financial statement presentation’ regarding other comprehensive income. The main change 
resulting  from  these  amendments  is  a  requirement  for  entities  to  Group  items  presented  in  ‘other  comprehensive 
income’ (OCI) on the basis of whether they are potentially reclassifiable to profit or loss subsequently. 

IFRS  13,  ‘Fair  value  measurement’,  aims  to  improve  consistency  and  reduce  complexity  by  providing  a  precise 
definition  of  fair  value  and  a  single  source  of  fair  value  measurement  and  disclosure  requirements  for  use  across 
IFRSs. The requirements, which are largely aligned between IFRSs and US GAAP, do not extend the use of fair value 
accounting but provide guidance on how it should be applied where its use is already required or permitted by other 
standards within IFRSs or US GAAP.

IAS 19, ‘Employee benefits’, was amended in June 2011. The impact on the Group will be as follows: to immediately 
recognise all past service costs; and to replace interest cost and expected return on plan assets with a net interest 
amount that is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability (asset). Were the change 
in standard to have been applied from 1 January 2012 the Group’s current year profit would have been reduced by 
£372,000. As this is a notional interest charge there would have been no impact on cash and cash equivalents.

IFRS 9, ‘Financial instruments’, addresses the classification, measurement and recognition of financial assets and financial 
liabilities. IFRS 9 was issued in November 2009 and October 2010. It replaces the parts of IAS 39 that relate to the classification 
and measurement of financial instruments. IFRS 9 requires financial assets to be classified into two measurement categories: 
those measured as at fair value and those measured at amortised cost. The determination is made at initial recognition. 

44

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

IFRS 10, ‘Consolidated financial statements’, builds on existing principles by identifying the concept of control as the 
determining factor in whether an entity should be included within the consolidated financial statements of the parent 
company. The standard provides additional guidance to assist in the determination of control where this is difficult to 
assess. The Group is yet to assess IFRS 10’s full impact and intends to adopt IFRS 10 no later than the accounting period 
beginning on or after 1 January 2014, subject to endorsement by the EU.

IFRS 12, ‘Disclosures of interests in other entities’, includes the disclosure requirements for all forms of interests in other 
entities, including joint arrangements, associates, special purpose vehicles and other off balance sheet vehicles. The 
Group is yet to assess IFRS 12’s full impact and intends to adopt IFRS 12 no later than the accounting period beginning 
on or after 1 January 2014, subject to endorsement by the EU. 

There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a material 
impact on the Group.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements of Churchill China plc include the results of the Company, its subsidiaries and 
associate company.

The financial statements of each undertaking in the Group are prepared to the balance sheet date under UK GAAP. 
Subsidiaries  and  associates  accounting  policies  are  amended,  where  necessary,  to  ensure  consistency  with  the 
accounting policies adopted by the Group. 

(a) Subsidiaries 
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has the power to govern the financial and operating policies generally 
accompanying a shareholding of more than one half of the voting rights. The existence and effect of potential voting 
rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another 
entity.  Subsidiaries  are  fully  consolidated  from  the  date  on  which  control  is  transferred  to  the  Group.  They  are  de-
consolidated from the date that control ceases. 

The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for the purchase of subsidiaries by the Group. The cost of an 
acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed 
at the date of exchange. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities 
and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition 
date, irrespective of the extent of any minority interest. The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the 
Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair 
value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised directly in the income statement. 

Inter-company  transactions,  balances  and  unrealised  gains  on  transactions  between  Group  companies  are 
eliminated. 

(b) Associates 
Associates are all entities over which the Group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying 
a shareholding of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the 
equity  method  of  accounting  and  are  initially  recognised  at  cost.  The  Group’s  investment  in  associates  includes 
goodwill identified on acquisition, net of any accumulated impairment loss. 

The Group’s share of its associates’ post-acquisition profits or losses is recognised in the income statement and its share 
of post-acquisition movements in reserves is recognised in reserves. The cumulative post-acquisition movements are 
adjusted against the carrying amount of the investment. When the Group’s share of losses in an associate equals or 
exceeds its interest in the associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the Group does not recognise further 
losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. 

45

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

The  Group  determines  at  each  reporting  date  whether  there  is  any  objective  evidence  that  the  investment  in 
the  associate  is  impaired.  If  this  is  the  case,  the  Group  calculates  the  impairment  as  the  difference  between  the 
recoverable  amount  of  the  associate  and  its  carrying  value  and  recognises  the  amount  within  ‘share  of  profit  of 
associated company’ in the Income Statement.

Unrealised gains on transactions between the Group and its associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s 
interest  in  the  associates.  Unrealised  losses  are  also  eliminated  unless  the  transaction  provides  evidence  of  an 
impairment of the asset transferred.

Dilution in gains and losses arising in investments in associates are recognised in the income statement.

Segment reporting
Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  way  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  provided  to  the  chief  operating 
decision  maker.  The  chief  operating  decision  maker,  who  is  responsible  for  allocating  resources  and  assessing 
performance  of  the  operating  segments  has  been  identified  as  the  Board  of  Churchill  China  plc.  Income  and 
expenditure arising directly from a business segment are identified to that segment. Income and expenditure arising 
from central operations which relate to the Group as a whole or cannot reasonably be allocated between segments 
are classified as unallocated.

Revenue
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable 
for goods provided in the normal course of business, net of discounts, rebates and sales related taxes. Sales of goods 
are recognised when goods have been delivered and title in those goods has passed. Rebates are recognised at 
their anticipated level as soon as any liability is expected to arise and are deducted from gross revenue.

Interest income is recognised on a time basis by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest 
rate applicable.

Dividend income is recognised when the Group’s right to receive payment has been established.

Leases
Management review new leases and classify them as operating or finance leases in accordance with the balance 
of risk and reward between lessee and the lessor. Lease payments made under operating leases are charged to the 
Income Statement on a straight line basis over the term of the lease.

Operating profit and exceptional items
Operating profit is stated both before and after the effect of exceptional items but before the Group’s share of results 
in associate companies, impairment of investment in associate companies, finance income and costs and taxation.

The Group has adopted a columnar income statement format which seeks to highlight significant items within the 
Group results for the period. Such items are considered by the Directors to be exceptional in size and nature rather 
than  being  representative  of  the  underlying  trading  of  the  Group,  and  may  include  such  items  as  restructuring 
costs, material impairments of non current assets, material profits and losses on the disposal of property, plant and 
equipment, material increases or reductions in pension scheme costs and material increases or decreases in taxation 
costs as a result of changes in legislation. The Directors apply judgement in assessing the particular items, which by 
virtue of their size and nature are separately disclosed in the income statement and notes to the financial statements 
as “Exceptional items”. The Directors believe that the separate disclosure of these items is relevant in understanding 
the Group’s financial performance.

Dividends
Dividends to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the Group’s financial statements in the period 
in which the dividends are paid, following approval by the Company’s shareholders.

46

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Interest received/paid
Interest received and paid is treated in the cash flow statement as a cash flow from operating activities as this reflects 
the nature of the Group’s business.

Retirement benefit costs
The Group operates a defined benefit pension scheme and defined contribution pension schemes. 

The defined benefit scheme is valued every three years by a professionally qualified independent Actuary. In intervening 
years, the Actuary reviews the continuing appropriateness of the valuation. Scheme liabilities are measured using the 
projected unit method and the amount recognised in the balance sheet is the present value of these liabilities at the 
balance sheet date. The discount rate used to calculate the present value of liabilities is the interest rate attaching 
to  high  quality  corporate  bonds.  The  assets  of  the  scheme  are  held  separately  from  those  of  the  Group  and  are 
measured at fair value. The accrual of further benefits under the scheme ceased on 31 March 2006.

The regular service cost of providing retirement benefits to employees during the year, together with the cost of any 
benefits relating to past service and any benefits arising from curtailments, is charged or credited to operating profit 
in the year. These costs are included within staff costs.

A net credit or cost representing the expected return on the market value of the assets of the scheme during the year 
less a charge representing the expected increase in the present value of the liabilities in the scheme arising from the 
liabilities of the scheme being one year closer to payment is included within finance income or cost. The difference 
between the market value of assets and the present value of accrued pension liabilities is shown as an asset or liability 
in the balance sheet. 

Actuarial  gains  and  losses  are  recognised  in  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  the  year,  together  with 
differences arising from changes in actuarial assumptions.

Costs associated with defined contribution schemes represent contributions payable by the Group during the year 
and are charged to the income statement as they fall due. 

Share based payments
Where  share  options  have  been  issued  to  employees,  the  fair  value  of  options  at  the  date  of  grant  is  charged  to 
the Income Statement over the period over which the options are expected to vest. The number of ordinary shares 
expected to vest at each balance sheet date are adjusted to reflect non market vesting conditions such that the 
total charge recognised over the vesting period reflects the number of options that ultimately vest. Market vesting 
conditions are reflected within the fair value of the options granted. If the terms and conditions attaching to options 
are amended before the options vest any change in the fair value of the options is charged to the Income Statement 
over the remaining period to the vesting date.

National  insurance  contributions  payable  by  the  Company  in  relation  to  unapproved  share  option  schemes  are 
provided  for  on  the  difference  between  the  share  price  at  the  balance  sheet  date  and  the  exercise  price  of  the 
option where the share price is higher than the exercise price. 

Foreign currencies
The individual financial statements of each Group company are presented in the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which the company operates (its functional currency). For the purpose of the consolidated financial 
statements, the results of each entity are expressed in sterling, which is the presentation currency of the Group and is 
the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements.

47

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the 
dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and 
from the translation at year end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies 
are recognised in the income statement. Non monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign 
currency are not retranslated.

For  the  purpose  of  presenting  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  Group’s  foreign 
operations are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are 
translated at average exchange rates for the period. Exchange differences arising, if any, are accounted for reserves.

In order to manage its exposure to certain foreign exchange risks, the Group enters into forward currency contracts 
(see “Derivative financial instruments” below).

Derivative financial instruments
The Group’s operations expose it to the financial risks of changes in exchange rates. The Group uses forward currency 
contracts to mitigate this exposure. The Group does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. 
Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recognised immediately in the income statement as 
soon as they arise. Contracts are initially recognised at fair value, gains and losses on all derivatives held at fair value 
outstanding at a balance sheet date are recognised in the income statement.

Hedge accounting is not considered to be appropriate to the above currency risk management techniques and has 
not been applied.

Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax.

Current tax is based on the taxable profit for the year. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates 
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax 
bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred 
income tax is not accounted for, if it arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a 
business combination that at the time of the transaction there is no effect on either accounting or taxable profit or loss. 
The Group’s liability for deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by 
the balance sheet date or are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or deferred 
income tax liability is settled.

Deferred income tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available 
against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities may be set off against each other provided there is a legal right to do so and it is 
managements’ intention to do so.

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is shown at cost, net of accumulated depreciation, as adjusted for the revaluation of 
certain land and buildings.

48

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Depreciation  is  calculated  so  as  to  write  off  the  cost,  less  any  provision  for  impairment,  of  plant,  property  and 
equipment, less their estimated residual values over the expected useful economic lives of the assets concerned. The 
principal annual rates used for this purpose are:

Freehold buildings
Plant
Motor vehicles
Fixtures and fittings

%
2 on cost or valuation
10–25 on cost
25 on reducing net book value
25–33 on cost

Freehold land is not depreciated. 

The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. 
An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is 
greater than its estimated recoverable amounts.

Intangible assets
Intangible assets, which comprise computer software, are shown at cost net of accumulated amortisation. Amortisation 
is  calculated  so  as  to  write  off  the  cost,  less  any  provision  for  impairment,  of  intangible  assets,  less  their  estimated 
residual values over the expected useful economic lives of the assets concerned. The principal annual rate used for 
this purpose is:

Computer software

The Group has no goodwill.

%
33 on cost

Impairment of non financial assets
At each reporting date the Directors assess whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such 
indicator exists the Group tests for impairment by estimating the recoverable amount of the asset. If the recoverable 
amount is less than the carrying value of an asset an impairment loss is required. In addition to this, assets with indefinite 
lives are tested for impairment at least annually. The recoverable amount is measured as the higher of net realisable 
value or value in use. Non financial assets other than goodwill that have suffered an impairment are reviewed for 
possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on a first in first out basis and 
includes, where appropriate, direct materials, direct labour, overheads incurred in bringing inventories to their present 
location  and  condition  and  transport  and  handling  costs.  Net  realisable  value  is  the  estimated  selling  cost  less  all 
further costs to sale. Provision is made where necessary for obsolete, slow moving and defective inventories.

Available for sale financial assets
Available for sale financial assets are non derivatives that are either designated in this category or not classified to any 
of the other financial asset categories. They are included in non current assets unless the Directors intend to dispose of 
the investment within twelve months of the balance sheet date.

At  each  reporting  date  the  Directors  assess  whether  there  is  an  indication  an  asset  may  be  impaired.  If  any  such 
indicator exists the Group tests for impairment by estimating the recoverable amount of the asset. If the recoverable 
amount is less than the carrying value of an asset an impairment loss is required. 

49

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

1  Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Trade receivables
Trade  receivables  are  recognised  initially  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the 
effective  interest  method,  less  provision  for  impairment.  A  provision  for  impairment  is  established  where  there  is 
objective evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the 
receivables. The amount of the provision is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value 
of  estimated  future  cash  flows,  discounted  at  the  original  effective  interest  rate.  Trade  receivables  are  as  defined 
under IAS 39.

Other financial assets
Other receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an 
active market. They are included in current assets, except for maturities greater than twelve months after the end of 
the reporting period. These are classified as non current assets.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash  and  cash  equivalents  includes  cash  in  hand,  deposits  held  on  call  with  banks,  other  short  term  highly  liquid 
investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Cash and cash equivalents are as 
defined under IAS 39.

Non current assets held for sale
Non current assets are classified as being held for sale when their value is expected to be recovered through disposal 
rather  than  continuing  usage  within  the  business  and  when  the  future  sale  is  considered  to  be  highly  probable. 
Management must be committed to sale which should be expected to be completed to qualify for recognition as 
a completed sale within one year from the date of classification. Non current assets are measured at the lower of 
carrying value and fair value less disposal costs, and are no longer depreciated.

Provisions
Provisions are recognised when (i) the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, 
(ii) it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and (iii) the amount has been 
reliably estimated. The Directors estimate the amount of provisions required to settle any obligation at the balance 
sheet date. Provisions are discounted to their present value where the effect would be material.

Parent Company significant accounting policies
The  Company  financial  statements  are  prepared  under  UK  GAAP.  The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  
under  the  historical  cost  convention  in  accordance  with  the  Companies  Act  2006  and  applicable  accounting 
standards  in  the  United  Kingdom.  The  principal  accounting  policies  applied  in  the  preparation  of  the  Company 
financial  statements  are  set  out  below.  These  policies  have  been  consistently  applied  to  all  the  years  presented, 
unless otherwise stated. 

Fixed asset investments
Fixed asset investments, comprising investments in subsidiary and associated companies, are stated at cost less any 
provisions for impairment. Where an event has occurred that gives rise to doubt about the recovery of the carrying 
value an impairment assessment is made. The impairment is calculated by comparing the investments carrying value 
to the recoverable amount as required by FRS 11 ‘Impairment of fixed assets and goodwill’. 

Other
Policies in relation to dividends and share based payments are the same as the Group accounting policies.

50

2  Financial risk management

Financial risk factors
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks; market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate 
risk, cash flow interest rate risk), credit risk, price risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk management programme 
focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group’s 
financial performance. The Group uses derivative financial instruments to manage certain risk exposures.

Financial risk management is carried out by the finance department under policies approved by the Board of Directors.

(a) Market risk
(i) Currency risk
The Group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, 
primarily  in  relation  to  the  US  dollar  and  Euro.  Foreign  exchange  risk  arises  from  future  commercial  transactions, 
recognised assets and liabilities and net investments in foreign operations.

The Group’s treasury risk management policy is to secure all of the contractually certain cash flows (mainly export 
sales  and  the  purchase  of  inventory)  and  to  review  likely  forward  exposures  in  each  major  currency.  Contractual 
certainty is considered to be where the Group has received a firm sales order or placed a firm purchase order.

At  31  December  2012,  if  sterling  had  weakened/strengthened  by  5%  against  the  US  dollar  with  all  other  variables 
held constant, post tax profit for the year would have been £17,000 (2011: £15,000) lower / higher, mainly as a result 
of foreign exchange gains/losses on translation of US dollar denominated trade payables and cash balances. Equity 
would have been a further £12,000 (2011: £11,000) higher/lower mainly as a result of differences in the translation of 
US dollar investments in subsidiary undertakings. If sterling had weakened/strengthened by 5% against the Euro with 
all other variables held constant, post tax profit for the year would have been £187,000 (2011: £132,000) higher/lower, 
mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains/losses on translation of Euro denominated trade receivables and cash 
balances. There would have been no substantial other changes in Equity.

(ii) Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk
The  Group  holds  significant  interest  bearing  assets  and  its  finance  income  and  operating  cash  flows  are  linked  to 
changes in market interest rates. The Group has no significant short or long term borrowings.

The Group identifies cash balances in excess of short and medium term working capital requirements (see liquidity risk) 
and invests these balances in short and medium term money market deposits. 

At 31 December 2012, had the rates achieved been 0.1% higher/lower with all other variables held constant then post 
tax profit for the year would have been £4,000 (2011: £5,000) higher/lower. Other components of equity would have 
been unchanged.

(b) Credit risk
Credit  risk  is  managed  on  a  Group  basis.  Credit  risk  arises  from  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  other  financial  assets 
and credit exposures including outstanding trade receivables and committed transactions. For banks with which the 
Group places balances on deposit, only independently rated parties with a minimum rating of ‘A-’ are accepted. 

Cash and cash equivalents are as follows:

Lloyds Banking Group plc
Royal Bank of Scotland plc
Santander UK plc
Other

Credit 
rating

A
A
A
Min A

2012 
£’000

5,031
753
500
213

6,497

2011 
£’000

6,009
602
–
275

6,886

51

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

2  Financial risk management (continued)

Other financial assets are as follows:

Lloyds Banking Group plc

Credit 
rating

A

2012 
£’000

500

500

2011 
£’000

–

–

Risk attached to the receipt of UK trade receivables is largely controlled through the assessment of the credit quality 
of each customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and third party credit information. Risks 
attaching to export trade receivables are controlled through the use of export credit insurance and confirmed letters 
of credit. Where these cannot be obtained the credit control department assesses the credit quality of the customer, 
taking into account its financial position, past experience and other factors.

The Group manages its debt position and considers it is in a position of having limited credit risk (see note 19). 

(c) Price risk 
As explained in the Directors’ report, the Group results are affected by changes in market prices. The risk attached to 
this is managed by close relationships with suppliers and ongoing product development.

(d) Liquidity risk 
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and available funding through committed credit 
facilities. Liquidity risk is managed on a Group basis with expected cash flows being monitored against current cash 
and cash equivalents and committed borrowing facilities.

The Group has no long term borrowing and funds its operations from its own cash reserves and the Directors do not 
consider there to be significant liquidity risk. All liabilities are generally due within 3 months.

Capital risk management
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, 
to  provide  finance  for  the  long  term  development  of  the  business  and  to  generate  returns  for  shareholders  and 
benefits for other stakeholders in the business.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, 
return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

The Group currently has no debt.

Fair value estimation
The  carrying  value  less  impairment  provision  of  trade  and  other  receivables  and  trade  and  other  payables  are 
assumed to approximate their fair values.

52

3  Critical accounting estimates and judgements

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors, 
including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The  Group  makes  estimates  and  assumptions  concerning  the  future.  The  resulting  accounting  estimates  will,  by 
definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing 
a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are discussed below.

(a) Net realisable value of excess inventories
The Group identifies inventory where it is believed that the quantity held is in excess of that which may be realised at 
normal price levels. The realisable value of this inventory is assessed taking into account the estimated sales price less 
further costs of sale. If the estimated net realisable value of excess inventories were to be 10% higher or lower than 
management’s estimates the value of this provision would change by £348,000 (2011: £317,000).

(b) Pension benefits
The present value of the pension obligations depend on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial 
basis using a number of assumptions. The assumptions used in determining the net cost or income for pensions include 
the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of pension obligations.

The  Group  determines  the  appropriate  discount  rate  at  the  end  of  each  year.  This  is  the  interest  rate  that  should 
be  used  to  determine  the  present  value  of  estimated  future  cash  outflows  expected  to  be  required  to  settle  the 
pension obligations. In determining the appropriate discount rate the Group considers the interest rates of high quality 
corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to 
maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability.

Other key assumptions for pension obligations are based in part on current market conditions. Additional information 
is disclosed in note 23.

(c) Recognition of deferred tax assets
The  Group  reassesses  each  year  whether  it  is  appropriate  to  recognise  the  deferred  tax  assets  in  the  financial 
statements based upon the likelihood that the assets can be recovered. The assessment is based on the expected 
reversal of temporary timing differences.

4  Segmental analysis 

Management has determined the operating segments are based on the reports reviewed by the Chief Operating 
Decision Maker and the Strategic Steering Committee of the Board that are used to make strategic decisions. The 
Board considers the business primarily based on market and product Groups, but also from a geographic perspective. 
Geographically, management considers the performance in relation to the UK, rest of Europe, North America and 
Rest of the World.

The reportable operating product segments derive their revenue primarily from the sale of ceramic products to the 
Retail and Hospitality sectors.

The Board assesses the performance of the operating segments based on the measure of operating profit, as analysed 
in the management accounts. This measurement basis excludes the effects of non-recurring expenditure from the 
operating  segments  such  as  restructuring  costs  and  goodwill  impairments  when  the  impairment  is  the  result  of  an 
isolated,  non-recurring  event.  The  measure  also  excludes  the  effects  of  equity-settled  share-based  payments  and 
unrealised gains/losses on financial instruments. Interest income and expenditure are not allocated to segments, as 
this type of activity is driven by the central treasury function, which manages the cash position of the Group.

53

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

4  Segmental analysis (continued)

(a) Primary reporting format – business segments
The business is managed in two main business segments – Hospitality and Retail.

Revenue from external customers
Contribution to Group overheads excluding 
depreciation and amortisation
Depreciation and amortisation
Operating profit
Share of results of associate company
Finance income

Finance cost

Profit before income tax

Revenue from external customers
Contribution to Group overheads excluding 
depreciation  
and amortisation
Depreciation and amortisation
Operating profit
Share of results of associate company
Finance income

Finance cost

Profit before income tax

Hospitality
£’000

31 December 2012

Retail
£’000

Unallocated
£’000

Group
£’000

29,407

12,028

–

41,435

5,103
(942)
4,161

1,721
(301)
1,420

(2,402)
(349)
(2,751)

Hospitality
£’000

31 December 2011

Retail
£’000

Unallocated
£’000

4,422
(1,592)
2,830
18
279
(40)

3,087

Group
£’000

29,166

13,130

–

42,296

5,765
(1,055)
4,710

1,311
(303)
1,008

(2,404)
(601)
(3,005)

4,672
(1,959)
2,713
(41)
52
(30)

2,694

The  ‘Unallocated’  Group  overheads  principally  comprise  costs  associated  with  the  centralised  functions  of  the 
Company Board, finance and administration and information technology.

There are no material inter-segment revenues (2011: £nil). Any inter segment revenues are carried out on an arm’s 
length basis.

Revenue from external parties is measured in a manner consistent with the consolidated income statement.

Segment  assets  consist  primarily  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  inventories,  trade  and  other  receivables. 
Unallocated assets comprise intangible assets, investment in associates, available-for-sale financial assets, deferred 
taxation and cash and cash equivalents.

Segment liabilities comprise trade and other payables specific to operating segments. Unallocated liabilities comprise 
items such as trade and other payables, current taxation, deferred taxation and retirement benefit obligations.

Capital expenditure comprises additions to property, plant and equipment (note 13) and intangible assets (note 14). 

54

4  Segmental analysis (continued)

Segment assets and liabilities at 31 December 2012 and capital expenditure for the year ended on that date are as 
follows:

Assets excluding inventories
Inventories
Investment in associates

Total assets

Total liabilities

Capital expenditure 

Hospitality
£’000
14,594
7,384
–

21,978

4,040

949

Retail
£’000
4,876
2,493
–

7,369

965

65

Unallocated
£’000

10,380
–
864

11,244

9,125

261

Group
£’000
29,850
9,877
864

40,591

14,130

1,275

Segment assets and liabilities at 31 December 2011 and capital expenditure for the year ended on that date are as 
follows:

Assets excluding inventories
Inventories
Investment in associates

Total assets

Total liabilities

Capital expenditure 

Hospitality
£’000
14,553
6,479
–

21,032

3,742

972

Retail
£’000
5,383
2,648
–

8,031

727

37

Unallocated
£’000
10,213
–
846

11,059

8,000

265

Group
£’000
30,149
9,127
846

40,122

12,469

1,274

Any sales between segments are carried out on an arm’s length basis.

(b)  Secondary reporting format – geographical segments
The Group’s two business segments operate in four main geographical segments, even though they are managed 
on a worldwide basis.

Geographical segment – Revenue
United Kingdom
Rest of Europe
North America
Rest of the World

2012
£’000

25,872
7,485
3,282
4,796

41,435

2011
£’000

26,757
7,951
3,039
4,549

42,296

The total assets of the business are allocated as follows:

United Kingdom £39,827,000 (2011: £39,220,000), Rest of Europe £87,000 (2011: £80,000), North America £610,000 (2011: 
£710,000), Rest of the World £67,000 (2011: £112,000). 

Capital expenditure was made as follows:

United Kingdom £1,230,000 (2011: £1,225,000), Rest of Europe £45,000 (2011: £49,000).

55

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

5  Expenses by nature

Changes in inventories of finished goods and work in progress
Raw materials used
Purchase of goods for resale
Employee benefit expense (note 7)
Other external charges
Depreciation and amortisation charges
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Foreign exchange losses/(gains)

Total cost of sales, distribution costs and administrative expenses

2012
£’000
(745)
2,876
8,598
14,991
11,287
1,592
(2)
8

38,605

2011
£’000
(956)
2,808
9,139
15,128
11,553
1,959
(42)
(6)

39,583

6  Average number of people employed

The average monthly number of persons (including Executive Directors) employed by the Group during the year was:

By activity
Production and warehousing
Sales and administration

The Company had no employees (2011: none).

7  Employee benefit expense

Staff costs (for the employees shown in note 6)
Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Defined contribution pension cost (see note 23)
Other pension costs (see note 23)
Share options granted to Directors and employees (see note 24)

2012
Number

2011
Number

330
190

520

349
191

540

2012
£’000

13,191
1,166
435
184
15

14,991

2011
£’000

13,412
1,139
421
156
–

15,128

Directors’ emoluments
The  statutory  disclosures  for  Directors’  emoluments,  being  the  aggregate  emoluments,  the  aggregate  amount  of 
gains made by Directors on the exercise of share options and the amount of money receivable by Directors under 
long term incentive plans in respect of qualifying services have been included within the Report of the Remuneration 
Committee. In addition statutory disclosures in respect of the number of Directors to whom retirement benefits are 
accruing is disclosed.

Company
The Company did not make any payments to employees (2011: nil).

56

8  Finance income and costs

Interest on pension scheme (note 23)
Interest income on cash and cash equivalents

Finance income
Interest on pension scheme (note 23)
Other interest

Finance costs

Net finance income

9  Auditors’ remuneration

During the year the Group obtained the following services from the Company’s auditor:

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the Company and consolidated 
financial statements (Company £2,000, 2011: £2,000)
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for other services:
The audit of the Company’s subsidiaries 
Taxation advisory services
Other services

Total fees payable to the Group’s auditors

10 Income tax expense

Group

Current tax – current year

– adjustment in respect of prior periods

Deferred tax (note 22)
Reversal of temporary differences

Income tax expense

2012
£’000
203
76

279

–
(40)

(40)

239

2011
£’000
–
52

52

(5)
(25)

(30)

22

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

7

70
–
4

81

2012
£’000

706
(18)
688

(28)

660

7

67
13
7

94

2011
£’000

773
(30)
743

(145)

598

During the year the main rate of corporation tax was reduced from 26% to 24%. This change was substantively enacted 
on 26 March 2012 and effective from 1 April 2012. 

The Finance Bill 2012 was substantively enacted on 3 July 2012 and includes legislation to reduce the main rate of 
Corporation Tax from 24% to 23% from 1 April 2013. Deferred tax balances have been re-measured accordingly. 

In addition to the changes in rates of Corporation Tax disclosed, further changes to the UK Corporation Tax system 
were announced in the March 2013 Budget. This includes a further reduction to the main rate to reduce the rate to 
20% from 1 April 2015. This change had not been substantively enacted at the balance sheet date and, therefore, is 
not recognised in these financial statements. The impact of the future proposed reduction in the tax rate would not 
result in a material adjustment to the financial statements. 

57

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

10 Income tax expense (continued)

The  tax  on  the  Group’s  profit  before  tax  differs  from  the  theoretical  amount  that  would  arise  using  the  weighted 
average tax rate applicable to profit of the consolidated entities as follows:

Profit before income tax
Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in the respective countries
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Adjustment in respect of prior periods
Change in tax rate
Other

Tax charge

The weighted average applicable tax rate was 24.5% (2011: 26.5%). 

2012
£’000

3,087
757
13
(18)
(108)
16

660

2011
£’000

2,694
714
10
(30)
(110)
14

598

During the year a credit of £540,000 (2011: charge of £312,000) in relation to deferred tax arising from actuarial gains 
and losses on the Group’s defined benefit pension obligation and a credit of £27,000 (2011: £27,000) in relation to the 
reversal of deferred taxation on the revaluation of land and buildings were adjusted directly within equity.

11 Earnings per ordinary share 

The basic earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income tax and on 10,924,976 (2011: 10,921,563) 
ordinary shares, being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

2012
Pence per 
share

2011
Pence per 
share

Basic earnings per share (Based on earnings £2,427,000 (2011: £2,096,000))

22.2

19.2

Diluted  earnings  per  ordinary  share  is  based  on  the  profit  after  income  tax  and  on  11,030,731  (2011:  10,931,463) 
ordinary shares, being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year of 10,924,976 (2011: 
10,921,563) increased by 105,755 (2011: 9,900) shares, being the weighted average number of ordinary shares which 
would have been issued if the outstanding options to acquire shares in the Group had been exercised at the average 
share price during the year. Adjusted diluted adjusted earnings per ordinary share is based on the profit after income 
tax and adjusted to take into account exceptional items.

2012
Pence per 
share

2011 
Pence per  
share

Diluted basic earnings per share (Based on earnings £2,427,000 (2011: £2,096,000))

22.0

19.2

58

12 Dividends

The dividends paid in the year were as follows:

Ordinary

Final dividend 2011 9.2 p (Final dividend 2010: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share 
Interim 2012 4.8 p per 10p ordinary share paid (Interim 2011: 4.8p)

2012
£’000

1,005
524

1,529

2011
£’000

1,005
525

1,530

The Directors now recommend payment of the following dividend:

Ordinary dividend:

Final dividend 2012 9.4p (2011: 9.2p) per 10p ordinary share

1,027

1,005

Dividends on treasury shares held by the Company are waived.

13 Property, plant and equipment

The Company has no property, plant and equipment (2011: none). Details of those relating to the Group are as follows:

Group
At 1 January 2011
Cost 
Accumulated depreciation

Net book amount

Year ended 31 December 2011
Opening net book amount
Additions
Disposals 
Depreciation charge

Closing net book amount
At 31 December 2011
Cost 
Accumulated depreciation

Net book amount

Year ended 31 December 2012
Opening net book amount
Additions
Disposals 
Depreciation charge

Closing net book amount

At 31 December 2012
Cost 
Accumulated depreciation

Net book amount

Freehold 
land and 
buildings
£’000

11,880
(1,630)

10,250

10,250
92
–
(293)

10,049

11,972
(1,923)

10,049

10,049
473
–
(188)

10,334

12,445
(2,111)

10,334

Plant
£’000

16,677
(13,043)

3,634

3,634
825
–
(990)

3,469

17,502
(14,033)

3,469

3,469
495
–
(864)

3,100

17,997
(14,897)

3,100

Motor 
vehicles
£’000

923
(394)

529

529
176
(66)
(147)

492

905
(413)

492

492
257
(86)
(149)

514

861
(347)

514

Fixtures 
and 
fittings
£’000

2,540
(1,923)

617

617
84
(9)
(300)

392

2,611
(2,219)

392

392
45
–
(223)

214

2,656
(2,442)

214

Total
£’000

32,020
(16,990)

15,030

15,030
1,177
(75)
(1,730)

14,402

32,990
(18,588)

14,402

14,402
1,270
(86)
(1,424)

14,162

33,959
(19,797)

14,162

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

14 Intangible assets

The Company has no intangible fixed assets (2011: none). Details of these relating to the Group are as follows:

Computer 
software
£’000

832
(464)

368

368
97
(229)

236

929
(693)

236

236
5
–
(168)

73

901
(828)

73

Group
2012
£’000

1,152
125

1,277

306
107

413

864

Group
2011
£’000

1,072
80

1,152

185
121

306

846

Company
2012
£’000

Company
2011
£’000

355
–

355

–
–

–

355
–

355

–
–

–

355

355

Group
At 1 January 2011
Cost
Accumulated amortisation

Net book amount
Year ended 31 December 2011
Opening net book amount
Additions
Amortisation charge

Closing net book amount

At 31 December 2011
Cost
Accumulated amortisation

Net book amount

Year ended 31 December 2012
Opening net book amount
Additions
Disposals 
Amortisation charge

Closing net book amount

At 31 December 2012
Cost
Accumulated amortisation

Net book amount

15 Investment in associate

Cost 
At 1 January 
Share of profit

At 31 December 

Impairment 
At 1 January 
Impairment of investment in associate

At 31 December 

Net book value
Closing net book amount

60

15 Investment in associate (continued)

The investment in associate represents a holding of 34.4% of the issued £1 ordinary shares of Furlong Mills Limited, a 
company registered in England, whose principal activity is that of a potters miller.

Share of associate’s assets

Share of associate’s liabilities

Share of associate’s net assets

2012
£’000

1,668
(340)

1,328

2011
£’000

1,465
(263)

1,202

The total revenue of Furlong Mills Limited for its year ended 31 December 2012 was £6,679,000 (2011: £6,476,000) and 
profit  before  tax  was  £445,000  (2011:  £365,000).  During  the  year  the  Group  purchased  raw  materials  to  a  value  of 
£1,907,000 (2011: £1,934,000) from Furlong Mills Limited. 

The difference between the carrying value of the Group’s interest in associate and the share of associate’s net assets 
represents an impairment charged in the Group’s accounts and adjustments in relation to accounting policies. This 
impairment  reflects  the  Board’s  view  of  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  investment  calculated  using  a  discounted 
cash flow model. Expected cash flows from the investment have been discounted at a rate of 5.6% (2011: 6.2%).

In  the  Group’s  consolidated  financial  statements  the  investment  is  accounted  for  on  the  equity  basis.  Within  the 
Company’s accounts the investment is shown at historic cost.

16 Investment in subsidiaries 

Company

Cost or valuation
At 1 January and 31 December

Impairment
At 1 January and 31 December

Net book value
At 31 December

2012
£’000

2,627

2011
£’000

2,627

432

432

2,195

2,195

61

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

16 Investment in subsidiaries (continued)

Interests in Group undertakings
Interests in Group undertakings comprise the cost of investments in subsidiary undertakings. The principal operating 
subsidiaries of the Group are as follows:

Name of company 

Churchill China (UK) Limited

Churchill Ceramics (UK) Limited

Country of 
incorporation

Description of 
shares held

Proportion of 
nominal value 
of issued 
shares held

England and 
Wales

England and 
Wales

Ordinary

100%

Ordinary

100%

Churchill (Whieldon Road) 
Limited

England and 
Wales

Ordinary 

100%

Churchill China, Inc 

USA

Ordinary

100%

Principal activity

Manufacture and sale of 
ceramic and related 
products
Provision of management 
and property services 
within the Group
Provision of management 
and property services 
within the Group
Sale of ceramic and 
related products

Dormant companies within the Group are not included in the above analysis. The Directors believe the carrying value 
of subsidiaries is supported by their underlying net asset values. 

17 Available for sale financial assets

Fair value/Cost
At 1 January and 31 December 2012

Impairment
At 1 January and 31 December 2012

Fair value/Net book value
At 1 January and 31 December 2012

Group
Available 
for sale 
financial 
assets
£’000

Company

Other 
investments
£’000

–

–

–

43

43

–

The  above  represents  35.9%  (2011:  35.9%)  of  the  issued  ordinary  share  capital  of  Shraff  Management  Limited,  a 
company registered in England and Wales. The Directors do not consider that the investment in Shraff Management 
Limited should be accounted for as an associate as Churchill China plc is not in a position to and does not exercise 
significant influence over Shraff Management Limited, taking into account other large third party shareholdings. 

62

18 Inventories

The Company has no inventory (2011: none). Details of inventory relating to the Group are as follows:

Raw materials
Work in progress
Finished goods

2012
£’000

52
498
9,327

9,877

2011
£’000

46
473
8,608

9,127

The  Directors  do  not  consider  there  is  a  material  difference  between  the  carrying  value  and  replacement  cost  of 
inventories. The potential impact of changes in the net realisable value of inventories is shown in note 3. 

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense and included in the income statements amounted to £23,511,000 
(2011: £23,718,000).

19 Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables
Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables

Trade receivables – net
Other
Prepayments
Current income tax assets
Receivables from related parties (note 29)

Less non-current portion: loans to related parties

Current portion

Group

Company

2012
£’000

7,480
(427)

7,053
7
273
–
–

7,333
–

7,333

2011
£’000

7,456
(304)

7,152
198
411
6
–

7,767
–

7,767

2012
£’000

–
–

–
–
–
–
5,629

5,629
5,470

159

2011
£’000

–
–

–
110
–
–
7,152

7,262
6,997

265

All non current receivables are due within five years from the balance sheet date.

The Group operates a credit risk management policy. Risk attached to the receipt of UK trade receivables is largely 
controlled through the assessment of the credit quality of each customer, taking into account its financial position, 
past experience and third party credit information. Risks attaching to export trade receivables are controlled through 
the use of export credit insurance and confirmed letters of credit. Where these cannot be obtained the credit control 
department assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and 
other factors.

Trade  receivables  that  are  less  than  three  months  past  due  and  not  covered  by  insurance  arrangements  are  not 
considered impaired unless there is specific evidence to the contrary. 

As of 31 December 2012, trade receivables of £6,521,000 (2011: £6,609,000) were fully performing.

63

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

19 Trade and other receivables (continued)

As of 31 December 2012, trade receivables of £463,000 (2011: £467,000) were past due but not impaired. The ageing 
of these receivables is as follows:

Up to 3 months
3 to 6 months
Over 6 months

2012
£’000

436
21
6

463

2011
£’000

444
23
–

467

As of 31 December 2012 trade receivables with a gross value of £496,000 (2011: £380,000) were impaired and provided 
for. The amount of provision for 31 December 2012 was £427,000 (2011: £304,000). The individually impaired receivables 
relate  to  customers  which  are  in  unexpectedly  difficult  economic  conditions.  It  was  assessed  that  a  portion  of  the 
receivables is expected to be recovered. The ageing of these receivables is as follows:

Up to 3 months
3 to 6 months
Over 6 months

2012
£’000

388
16
92

496

2011
£’000

277
30
73

380

The Directors consider that the carrying value of trade and other receivables is approximate to their fair value.
Movements on the Group provision for impairment of trade receivables are as follows:

At 1 January 
Provision for receivables impairment
Written off during the year

At 31 December

2012
£’000

304
165
(42)

427

2011
£’000

234
93
(23)

304

The creation and release of provision for impaired receivables have been included in ‘other external charges’ in the 
income statement (note 5). Amounts charged to the allowance account are generally written off, when there is no 
expectation of recovering additional cash.

Other receivables within trade and other receivables also include impaired assets. The recoverability of certain loans 
receivable to a total value of £nil (2011: £202,000) have been reviewed and an impairment provision of £nil (2011: 
£60,000) established. The charge associated with the creation of this provision has been included in ‘other external 
charges’ in the income statement (note 5).

The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following currencies:

Pounds
Euros
US dollar
Other

64

2012
£’000

5,790
841
656
46

7,333

2011
£’000

6,182
800
785
–

7,767

19 Trade and other receivables (continued)

During the year the Group realised losses of £8,000 (2011: £6,000) on settled forward option contracts that have been 
recognised in the Income Statement and as at 31 December held forward exchange contracts for the sale of Euro of 
£1,191,000 (2011: £2,248,000) and the sale of US dollars of £245,000 (2011: £319,000). These contracts are held at their fair 
value with a loss of £26,000 (2011: gain of £73,000) recognised in relation to the contracts outstanding at the year end. 

Company
As of 31 December 2012, Company receivables of £nil (2011: £7,152,000) were fully performing. Amounts receivable 
are repayable in accordance with agreed terms. No interest is chargeable.

Other  receivables  of  £nil  (2011:  £138,000)  gross  were  impaired  and  provided  for.  The  amount  of  this  provision  at  
31 December 2012 was £nil (2011: £28,000). Interest is chargeable on these receivables.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s receivables are denominated in the following currencies:

Pounds
US dollar

20 Other financial assets

Other receivables

2012
£’000

5,579
50

5,629

2011
£’000

7,216
46

7,262

2012
£’000

500

500

Group

Company

2011
£’000

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

–

–

–

–

–

–

Other receivables represent term deposits made with banks not classed as cash and cash equivalents with maturities 
of less than one year as at the balance sheet date. The deposits are not impaired.

21 Trade and other payables

Trade payables
Amounts due to related parties
Corporation tax 
Social security and other taxes
Accrued expenses

Group

Company

2012
£’000

1,801
107
–
1,069
4,155

7,132

2011
£’000

1,505
84
–
1,121
4,334

7,044

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

–
13
6
8
1

28

–
13
–
2
1

16

All the above liabilities mature within twelve months from 31 December 2012.

65

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

22 Deferred income tax 

Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  when  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax 
assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority. The offset 
amounts are as follows:

Group
Deferred tax assets:
– Deferred tax asset to be recovered after more than 12 months
– Deferred tax asset to be recovered within 12 months

Deferred tax liabilities:
– Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered after more than 12 months
– Deferred tax liabilities to be recovered within 12 months

Deferred tax liability (net)

The net movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows:

At 1 January 
Income statement credit (note 10)
Tax credited/(charged) directly to equity (note 27)

At 31 December 

2012
£’000

1,114
171

1,285

(1,250)
(46)

(1,296)

(11)

2012
£’000

(579)
28
540

(11)

2011
£’000

678
180

858

(1,387)
(50)

(1,437)

(579)

2011
£’000

(412)
145
(312)

(579)

The  movement  in  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  during  the  year,  without  taking  into  consideration  the 
offsetting of balances within the same tax jurisdiction, is as follows:

Accelerated 
tax 
depreciation
£’000

Land and 
buildings 
revaluation
£’000

Deferred tax liabilities

At 1 January 2011
Credited to the income statement

At 31 December 2011
Credited to the income statement

At 31 December 2012

Deferred tax assets

At 1 January 2011
(Credited)/charged to the income statement
Charged directly to equity

At 31 December 2011
(Credited)/charged to the income statement
Credited directly to equity

1,347
(214)

1,133
(114)

1,019

Accelerated 
tax 
depreciation
£’000

Retirement 
benefit 
obligation
£’000

–
(18)
–

(18)
(89)
–

(1,261)
125
312

(824)
202
(540)

At 31 December 2012

(107)

(1,162)

66

Total
£’000

1,678
(241)

1,437
(141)

1,296

Total
£’000

(1,266)
96
312

(858)
113
(540)

(1,285)

331
(27)

304
(27)

277

Other
£’000

(5)
(11)
–

(16)
–
–

(16)

22 Deferred income tax (continued)

The deferred income tax (charged)/credited to equity during the past year is as follows:

Fair value reserves in shareholders’ equity:
Tax on actuarial (loss)/gain on retirement benefits scheme

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

(540)

312

Deferred income tax of £27,000 (2011: £27,000) was transferred from other reserves (note 26) to retained earnings (note 
27). This represents deferred tax on the difference between the actual depreciation on buildings and the equivalent 
depreciation based on the historical cost of buildings.

Deferred  income  tax  assets  are  recognised  for  tax  losses  carried  forward  to  the  extent  that  the  realisation  of  the 
related tax benefit through the future taxable profits is probable. The Group has not recognised deferred income tax 
assets of £1,295,000 (2011: £1,349,000) in respect of capital losses amounting to £5,395,000 (2011: £5,395,000) that can 
be carried forward against future capital gains. 

23 Retirement benefit obligations

Balance sheet obligations

Pension benefits
Income statement charge/(credit)
Pension benefits
Finance (income)/cost 

2012
£’000

5,054

619
(203)

2011
£’000

3,295

577
5

The  Group  operates  three  principal  pension  schemes;  a  funded  pension  scheme,  the  Churchill  Group  Retirement 
Benefit Scheme, providing benefits based on final pensionable salary which was closed to new entrants in 1999 and 
to  which  the  accrual  of  future  benefits  ceased  on  31  March  2006,  the  Churchill  China  1999  Pension  Scheme  and 
the Churchill China 2006 Group Personal Pension Plan. Both of the latter schemes are defined contribution schemes 
providing benefits based on contributions paid.

The  assets  of  the  schemes  are  held  separately  from  those  of  the  Group.  The  total  pension  cost  for  the  Group  was 
£619,000  (2011:  £577,000).  Of  this  cost  £nil  (2011:  £nil),  related  to  the  Churchill  Group  Retirement  Benefit  Scheme, 
£179,000 (2011: £171,000) was in respect of the Churchill China 1999 Pension Scheme and £256,000 (2011: £250,000) 
was  in  respect  of  the  Churchill  China  2006  Group  Personal  Pension  Scheme.  The  balance  of  cost  was  incurred  in 
respect of overseas and other pension arrangements. At the year end amounts due to pension funds in respect of 
Company contributions were £75,000 (2011: £59,000).

No contributions have been made to the Churchill Group Retirement Benefit Scheme in relation to current service 
since  the  date  of  cessation  of  the  future  accrual  of  benefits  on  31  March  2006.  Prior  to  that  date  the  Group  paid 
contributions to the Scheme at a rate of 13.6% of pensionable salary. In addition a contribution of £672,000 (2011: 
£495,000) was made in respect of the amortisation of past service liabilities. The forward funding rate of the Scheme 
was agreed with the Scheme Trustees and Actuary following the completion of the 31 May 2011 triennial actuarial 
valuation in January 2012. The Group expects to make payments of £672,000 per annum in respect of the amortisation 
of past service deficits.

The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are determined as follows:

Present value of funded obligations
Fair value of plan assets

Liability in balance sheet

2012
£’000

37,330
(32,276)

5,054

2011
£’000

33,058
(29,763)

3,295

67

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

23 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

The movement in the present value of defined benefit obligation over the year is as follows:

At 1 January
Interest cost
Actuarial losses/(gains)
Benefits paid

At 31 December

2012
£’000

33,058
1,620
3,587
(935)

37,330

2011
£’000

34,898
1,954
(2,959)
(835)

33,058

Actuarial gains in 2011 include £2,170,000 in respect of the change of inflation index from RPI to CPI used to calculate 
the increase of benefits in deferment and from retirement.

The movement in the fair value of plan assets over the year is as follows:

At 1 January
Expected return on plan assets
Actuarial gains/(losses)
Employer contributions
Benefits paid

At 31 December

Plan assets are comprised as follows:

Equity and return investments
Debt investments
Other

2012
£’000

29,763
1,823
953
672
(935)

32,276

2012

2011

£’000
22,088
9,373
815

32,276

68%
29%
3%

£’000
20,078
8,617
1,068

29,763

2011
£’000

30,228
1,949
(2,074)
495
(835)

29,763

67%
29%
4%

The expected return on plan assets is determined by considering the expected returns on the assets underlying the 
current  investment  policy.  Expected  yields  on  fixed  interest  investments  are  based  on  gross  redemption  yields  at 
the balance sheet date. Expected returns on equity and property investments reflect long term real rates of return 
experienced in the respective markets.

The amounts recognised in the income statement are as follows:

Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets

Net income/(cost) recognised in finance cost 

The actual return on plan assets was a gain of £2,776,000 (2011: loss of £125,000).

2012
£’000

(1,620)
1,823

203

2011
£’000

(1,954)
1,949

(5)

68

23 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

At 31 December
Present value of funded obligations
Fair value of plan assets

Liability in balance sheet

Experience adjustments on scheme assets:
Amount

Experience adjustments on scheme 
liabilities:
Amount

2012
£000

37,330
(32,276)

5,054

2011
£000

33,058
(29,763)

3,295

2010
£000

34,898
(30,228)

4,670

2009
£000

34,550
(26,841)

7,709

2008
£000

25,275
(23,220)

2,055

953

(2,074)

1,813

2,689

(6,463)

(590)

403

835

(414)

372

Actuarial gains and losses
Actuarial  losses  of  £2,634,000  (2011:  gains  £885,000)  gross  of  tax  were  recognised  in  the  Statement  of  Other 
Comprehensive Income during the year. The cumulative amount of actuarial losses recognised in the Statement of 
Other Comprehensive Income is £11,329,000 (2011: £8,695,000).

The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows:

Pension benefits

Discount rate
Inflation rate  – RPI
– CPI
Expected return on plan assets
Rate of increase of pensions in payment

Rate of increase of deferred pensions

2012 
% per 
annum

2011 
% per 
annum

4.5%
3.0%
2.3%
6.2%
2.2%
2.3%

4.9%
3.1%
2.1%
6.1%
2.0%
2.1%

Assumptions regarding future mortality rates are set based on advice in accordance with S1PA actuarial tables and 
experience.

The average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at age 65 at the balance sheet date is as follows:

Male

Female

2012
Number

2011
Number

20.4
23.1

20.3
23.0

The average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at age 65, 20 years after the balance sheet date, is as 
follows:

Male

Female

2012
Number

2011
Number

22.7
25.3

22.5
25.2

69

 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

23 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)

Sensitivity
A sensitivity analysis has been carried out on effect of varying certain assumptions within the calculation of retirement 
benefit obligations.

The effect of a 0.25% increase in the discount rate to 4.75% would be to reduce scheme liabilities by £1,687,000 (4.5%).

The  effect  of  a  0.25%  decrease  in  the  discount  rate  to  4.25%  would  be  to  increase  scheme  liabilities  by  
£1,794,000 (4.8%).

The effect of a 0.25% increase in RPI inflation to 3.25% and CPI inflation to 2.55% would increase scheme liabilities by 
£1,207,000 (3.2%).

The effect of a 0.25% decrease in RPI inflation to 2.75% and CPI inflation to 2.05% would decrease scheme liabilities by 
£1,139,000 (3.1%).

The effect of a 1 year increase to life expectancy would increase scheme liabilities by £962,000 (2.6%). The effect of a 
1 year reduction in life expectancy would be to reduce scheme liabilities by £979,000 (2.6%).

24 Issued share capital and premium

Group and Company

At 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2011 and  
31 December 2012

Number 
of shares
000s

Ordinary 
shares
£’000

Share 
premium
£’000

10,958

1,096

2,348

The total authorised number of ordinary shares is 14,300,000 (2011: 14,300,000) with a par value of 10p (2011: 10p) per 
share. All issued shares are fully paid.

Share option schemes
The Executive share option scheme was introduced in October 1994 and a complementary unapproved Executive 
share  option  scheme  was  approved  by  shareholders  in  October  1996.  Options  under  these  schemes  are  granted 
with  a  fixed  exercise  price  equal  to  the  market  price  of  the  shares  at  the  date  of  issue.  Options  are  normally  only 
exercisable after three years from the date of grant and expire ten years from the date of grant. Options granted will 
be exercisable given satisfaction of the requirement that adjusted earnings per ordinary share will increase by at least 
6% above the increase in the Retail Price Index over the three year period from the beginning of the financial year 
in which the option was granted. Payment of the exercise price of options exercised is received in cash. A charge 
to  the  Income  Statement  has  been  made  to  reflect  the  fair  value  of  options  granted.  Options  have  been  valued 
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. No market based performance conditions were used in the fair value 
calculations.

The Long Term Incentive Plan was introduced in May 2012. Options under this scheme are granted with a fixed exercise 
price at a discount to the market price of the share at the date of issue. Options vest after three years from the date 
of grant and expire ten years from the date of grant. Options granted will be exercisable on a pro rata basis based on 
performance against threshold, target and maximum performance levels. Performance targets are set at the date of 
each grant by the Remuneration Committee. Payment of the exercise price of options is received in cash. A charge 
to  the  Income  Statement  has  been  made  to  reflect  the  fair  value  of  options  granted.  Options  have  been  valued 
using the Black–Scholes option pricing model. No market based performance conditions were used in the fair value 
calculations.

70

24 Issued share capital and premium (continued)

The fair value per option granted and the assumptions used in the calculation were as follows:

Grant date

Share price at grant date
Exercise price
Number of employees
Shares under option 
Vesting period (years)
Expected volatility
Option life (years)
Expected life (years)

Risk free rate
Expected dividends expressed as a dividend yield
Fair value per option

Long term 
incentive 
plan
21 June 
2012

Executive 
share 
option 
scheme
30 April 
2004

315p
10p
2
96,254
3
20%
10
3

1.6%
4.9%
236p

208p
208p
12
110,000
3
25%
10
5

4.8%
5.2%
24p

The following options exercisable over ordinary shares were outstanding at 31 December 2012:

Number of shares

2012

2011

Exercise 
price

Date from 
which 
exercisable

Expiry 
date

The unapproved Executive share option 
scheme
The Long Term Incentive Plan

36,000
96,254

36,000
–

208p
10p

April 2007
June 2015

April 2014
June 2022

Expected volatility is based on historical volatility over the last three years. The expected life is the average expected 
period to exercise. The risk free rate of return is the yield on zero coupon UK government bonds of a term consistent 
with the assumed option life. A reconciliation of option movements for the year to 31 December 2012 is set out below.

Outstanding at 1 January
Granted 
Exercised

Outstanding at 31 December
Exercisable at 31 December

2012

Number
‘000

36,000
96,254
–

132,254
36,000

2012
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

208.0p
10.0p
–

63.9p
208.0p

2011

Number
‘000

100,000
–
(64,000)

36,000
36,000

2011
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

196.9p
–
190.7p

208.0p
208.0p

There were 96,254 share options granted during the year (2011: nil).

71

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

24 Issued share capital and premium (continued)

2012

2012

2012

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

Number 
’000

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
life 
(expected)

2012
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
life 
(con-
tractual)

2011

2011

2011

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

Number 
’000

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
life 
(expected)

2011
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
life 
(con-
tractual)

0–50p
200p–250p

10p
208p

96,254
36,000

2.5
0.0

9.5
1.3

–
208p

–
36,000

–
0.0

–
2.3

The weighted average share price for options exercised in the period was nil p (2011: 190.7p). The total charge during 
the year for employee share based payment plans was £15,000 (2011: £nil) before tax, all of which related to equity 
settled share based payment transactions. 

25 Treasury shares

As at 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2012

Group and 
Company 
£’000

89

During the year the Group re-purchased nil (2011: 65,000) 10p ordinary shares and re-issued nil (2011: 64,000) of these 
under employee share option schemes. The Group currently holds 33,000 (2011: 33,000) shares in Treasury.

26 Other reserves

Group

Balance at 1 January 2011
Depreciation transfer – gross
Depreciation transfer – tax
Currency translation

Balance at 31 December 2011
Depreciation transfer – gross
Depreciation transfer – tax
Share based payment
Currency translation

Balance at 31 December 2012

Land and 
buildings 
revaluation
£’000

Currency 
translation
£’000

Share 
based 
payment
£’000

Other 
reserves
£’000

896
(12)
27
–

911
(12)
27
–
–

926

29
–
–
(1)

28
–
–
–
(11)

17

24
–
–
–

24
–
–
15
–

39

253
–
–
–

253
–
–
–

253

Total
£’000

1,202
(12)
27
(1)

1,216
(12)
27
15
(11)

1,235

The land and buildings revaluation reserve is the reserve created under UK GAAP where the land and buildings were 
revalued in 1992. On adoption of IFRS the Group took the exemption conferred by IFRS1 to treat this revalued amount 
as deemed cost on transition because it approximated to fair value at that time. The release between the revaluation 
reserve and retained earnings is the release to distributable reserves of the additional depreciation on revaluation.

Other than the revaluation reserve, there are no restrictions on the distribution of the reserves.

Company
Other reserves of £39,000 (2011: £24,000) represent provision for share based payment as shown in the above table.

72

27 Retained earnings

At 1 January 2011
Profit for the year
Dividends paid in 2011
Depreciation transfer on land and buildings net of tax
Actuarial gains net of tax
Transfer from treasury shares (note 25)

At 31 December 2011

At 1 January 2012

Profit for the year
Dividends paid in 2012
Depreciation transfer on land and buildings net of tax
Actuarial losses net of tax

At 31 December 2012

Group
£’000

Company
£’000

22,014
2,096
(1,530)
(15)
573
(56)

23,082

23,082

2,427
(1,529)
(15)
(2,094)

21,871

6,923
1,244
(1,530)
–
–
(56)

6,581

6,581

13
(1,529)
–
–

5,065

28 Commitments
Capital commitments
Capital expenditure contracted for at the balance sheet date but not yet incurred is as follows:

Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets: Computer software

Group

Company

2012
£’000

666
45

711

2011
£’000

845
39

884

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

–
–

–

–
–

–

Operating lease commitments
The  Group  has  financial  commitments  in  respect  of  non  cancellable  operating  leases  for  buildings  and  plant  and 
machinery for which the payments extend over a number of years as follows:

Payments under operating leases charged against income 
during the year

Future aggregate minimum commitments under  
non-cancellable operating leases:
No later than one year
Later than one year and no later than five years

2012
£’000

37

47
214

Group

2011
£’000

Company

2012
£’000

2011
£’000

34

35
22

–

–
–

–

–
–

73

Notes to the Financial Statements

(continued)

29 Related party transactions

Details  of  related  party  transactions  for  the  Group  are  shown  in  the  Directors’  Report,  Report  of  the  Remuneration 
Committee and in the Notes to the financial statements appropriate to the type of transaction being dealt with. 

The Directors do not consider the Company to have an ultimate controlling party.

Company
Details of related party transactions involving the Company were as follows:

Subsidiaries
Management charge to Churchill China, Inc
Interest received from Churchill China (UK) Limited
Dividend received from Churchill China (UK) Limited
(Loans repaid by)/new loans made to Churchill China (UK) Limited
Loans outstanding as at the year end (mainly Churchill China (UK) Limited

2012
£’000

6
4
–
(1,527)
5,629

2011
£’000

6
5
1,250
136
7,152

30 Financial instruments by category

The accounting policies for financial instruments have been applied  to the line  items in the accounts. All financial 
assets including cash and cash equivalents are classified as loans and receivables, with the exception of financial 
assets available for sale, in both 2012 and 2011, as disclosed in note 17.

74

Five Year Financial Record

Turnover

Operating profit before exceptional items
Share of results of associate net of impairment

Finance income/(cost)
Profit before taxation
Income tax expense
Income tax expense – exceptional

Profit after taxation

2008
£’000
41,969

2,804
(71)
629

3,362
(938)
(919)

1,505

2009
£’000
41,705

2,288
(18)
(201)

2,069
(513)
–

1,556

2010
£’000
43,746

2,287
162
(135)

2,314
(583)
–

1,731

2011
£’000
42,296

2,713
(41)
22

2,694
(598)
–

2,096

2012
£’000
41,435

2,830
18
239

3,087
(660)
–

2,427

Dividends 

1,531

1,526

1,529

1,530

1,529

Net assets employed

28,612

24,536

26,569

27,653

26,461

Ratios
Operating margin before exceptional items
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and 
amortisation (£000)
Basic earnings per share (p)
Adjusted basic earnings per share (p)

6.7%

3,874
13.8
22.2

5.5%

3,684
14.3
14.3

5.2%

3,817
15.8
15.8

6.4%

4,672
19.2
19.2

6.8%

4,422
22.2
22.2

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation have been adjusted to take into account exceptional items 
and profit on disposal of property.

The adjusted basic earnings per share is based on the profit on ordinary activities after taxation and adjusted to take into 
account exceptional items, profit on disposal of property and the recognition of related deferred tax assets.

75

Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of Churchill China plc will be held at Marlborough Pottery, High 
Street, Sandyford, Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent on Wednesday 22 May 2013 at 12 noon for the following purposes:

Ordinary Business
To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions which will be proposed as ordinary resolutions:

1.    That the reports of the Directors and the Auditors and the Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2012 

be received.

2.    That a final dividend of 9.4p on each ordinary share be declared in respect of the year ended 31 December 2012.

3.    That Mr A D Roper be re-elected as a Director.

4.   

 That Mr J W Morgan be re-elected as a Director.

5.    That  the  Auditors,  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,  be  re-appointed  and  that  the  Directors  be  authorised  to  fix  their 

remuneration for the year ending 31 December 2013.          

6.    That the Directors’ Remuneration Report for the year ended 31 December 2012 be approved.

Special Business
To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions which will be proposed as special resolutions:

7.    That:

(a)  the  Directors  be  and  they  are  hereby  empowered  under  Section  570  of  the  Act  to  allot  equity  securities  (as 
defined in Section 560 of the Act) for cash under the authority conferred by a resolution dated 16 May 2012 as if 
Section 561 of the Act did not apply to such allotment, provided that this power shall be limited to:

(i) 

the allotment of equity securities in connection with an offer of, or invitation to apply for, equity securities  to: 

(a)  ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly as may be) to their existing holdings; and

(b)  holders  of  other  equity  securities,  if  this  is  required  by  the  rights  of  those  securities,  or,  as  the  Directors 

otherwise consider necessary,

and  so  that  the  Directors  may  impose  any  limits  or  restrictions  and  make  any  arrangements  which  they 
consider  necessary  or  appropriate  to  deal  with  any  treasury  shares,  fractional  entitlements,record 
laws  of  any  territory  or  any  matter;  and 
dates, 

regulatory  or  practical  problems 

in,  or 

legal, 

(ii) 

the allotment of equity securities (otherwise than as mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) of this resolution and/or 
in the case of any sale of treasury shares for cash), up to an aggregate nominal amount of £109,579.

Unless previously renewed, varied or revoked, this power shall expire at the conclusion of the next Annual General 
Meeting  or  21  August  2014,  whichever  is  the  earlier,  but  during  this  period  the  Company  may  make  an  offer  or 
agreement which would or might require equity securities to be allotted after this authority expires and the Directors 
may allot equity securities in pursuance of that offer or agreement notwithstanding that the authority has expired.

76

 
  
8.    That the Directors be authorised generally and unconditionally for the purposes of Sections 693 and 701 of the Act to 
make market purchases (within the meaning of Section 693(4) of the Act) of ordinary shares of 10p each in the capital 
of the Company (“Ordinary Shares”) on such terms and in such manner as the Directors of the Company may from 
time to time determine, provided that:

(i) 

the maximum aggregate number of Ordinary Shares hereby authorised to be purchased is 1,092,497; 

(ii) 

the minimum price which may be paid for an Ordinary Share, exclusive of all expenses, shall be 10p;

(iii) 

the maximum price which may be paid for an Ordinary Share, exclusive of all expenses, cannot be more  
than an amount equal to the higher of:

(a)  5 per cent above the average of the middle market quotations for an Ordinary Share as derived from the 
Alternative Investment Market section of the London Stock Exchange Daily Official List for the five business 
days immediately preceding the date on which such Ordinary Share is purchased; and

(b)  the  price  stipulated  by  Article  5(1)  of  Commission  Regulation  (EC)  No  2273/2003  (the  Buy-back  and 

Stabilisation Regulation).

Unless previously renewed, varied or revoked, the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the conclusion of 
the Company’s next Annual General Meeting and the Company may prior to the expiry of the authority hereby 
conferred make a contract or contracts to purchase Ordinary Shares under such authority which will or may be 
executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority. 

9.    That a general meeting other than an Annual General Meeting may be called on not less than 14 clear days’ notice.

By Order of the Board

D J S Taylor
Company Secretary

Dated 16 April 2013

Registered Office
Marlborough Pottery
High Street
Tunstall
Stoke-on-Trent
ST6 5NZ

Registered Number 2709505

The  Directors  of  the  Company  consider  that  all  the  proposals  to  be  considered  at  the  Annual  General  Meeting  are  in  
the best interests of the Company and its members as a whole and are most likely to promote the success of the Company 
for  the  benefit  of  its  members  as  a  whole.  The  Directors  unanimously  recommend  that  you  vote  in  favour  of  all  the 
proposed resolutions.

77

    
Notice of Annual General Meeting

(continued)

NOTES
1. 

Members are entitled to appoint a proxy to exercise all or any of their rights to attend and to speak and vote on their behalf at the meeting. A shareholder may 

appoint more than one proxy in relation to the AGM provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached to a different share or shares held by 

that shareholder. A proxy need not be a shareholder of the Company. A form of proxy which may be used to make such appointment and give proxy instructions 

accompanies  this  notice.  Instructions  for  use  are  shown  on  the  form.  If  you  do  not  have  a  form  of  proxy  and  believe  that  you  should  have  one,  or  if  you  require 

additional forms, please contact our registrars, Equiniti, on 0871 384 2287. Calls to this number from a BT landline cost 8p per minute; other providers’ costs may vary. If 

calling from overseas, please call +44 (0)121 415 7047. Lines are open 8.30am – 5pm, Monday – Friday. To appoint more than one proxy, you may photocopy the 

proxy form.

2. 

To be valid, any form of proxy or other instrument appointing a proxy must be received by post or (during normal business hours only) by hand at the offices of the 

Company’s registrars, Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA, no later than 12 noon on 20 May 2013. If you return more than 

one proxy appointment, that received last by the Registrar before the latest time for the receipt of proxies will take precedence. You are advised to read the terms 

and conditions of use carefully. 

3. 

The return of a completed form of proxy will not prevent a shareholder attending the AGM and voting in person if he/she wishes to do so.

4. 

Any corporation which is a member can appoint one or more corporate representatives who may exercise on its behalf all of its powers as a member provided that 

they do not do so in relation to the same shares. 

5. 

Any person to whom this notice is sent who is a person nominated under Section 146 of the Act to enjoy information rights (a “Nominated Person”) may, under an 

agreement between him/her and the shareholder by whom he/she was nominated, have a right to be appointed (or to have someone else appointed) as a proxy 

for the AGM. If a Nominated Person has no such proxy appointment or does not wish to exercise it, he/she may, under any such agreement, have a right to give 

instructions to the shareholder as to the exercise of voting rights.

6. 

The statement of the rights of shareholders in relation to the appointment of proxies in notes 1 and 2 above does not apply to Nominated Persons. The rights described 

in these paragraphs can only be exercised by shareholders of the Company. 

 7. 

To be entitled to attend and vote at the AGM (and for the purpose of the determination by the Company of the votes they may cast), shareholders must be registered 

in the Register of Members of the Company at 12 noon on 20 May 2013 (or, in the event of any adjournment, on the date which is two days before the time of the 

adjourned  meeting).  Changes  to  the  Register  after  the  relevant  deadline  shall  be  disregarded  in  determining  the  rights  of  any  person  to  attend  and  vote  at  the 

meeting. There are no other procedures or requirements for entitled shareholders to comply with in order to attend and vote at the AGM. Voting at the meeting will be 

conducted by way of a show of hands, unless a poll is correctly called for.

8.  

As at 16 April 2013 (being the last practicable date prior to publication of this Notice), the Company’s total issued equity share capital consists of 10,924,976 ordinary 

shares, carrying one vote each. 

9.  

Under Section 527 of the Act, members meeting the threshold requirements set out in that Section have the right to require the Company to publish on a website a 

statement setting out any matter relating to: (i) the audit of the Company’s accounts (including the auditors’ report and the conduct of the audit) that are to be laid 

before the AGM; or (ii) any circumstance connected with an auditor of the Company ceasing to hold office since the previous meeting at which annual accounts 

and reports were laid in accordance with Section 437 of the Act. The Company may not require the shareholders requesting any such website publication to pay its 

expenses in complying with Sections 527 or 528 of the Act. Where the Company is required to place a statement on a website under Section 527 of the Act, it must 

forward the statement to the Company’s auditors not later than the time when it makes the statement available on the website. The business which may be dealt with 

at the AGM includes any statement that the Company has been required under Section 527 of the Act to publish on a website.

10. 

Pursuant to Section 319A of the Act, the Company must cause to be answered at the AGM any question relating to the business being dealt with at the AGM which is 

put by a member attending the meeting, except in certain circumstances, including if it is undesirable in the interests of the Company or the good order of the meeting 

that the question be answered or if to do so would involve the disclosure of confidential information.

11. 

Except as provided above, members who wish to communicate with the Company in relation to the AGM should do so using the following means: (1) by writing to the 

Company Secretary at the Registered Office address; or (2) by writing to the Registrars, Equiniti Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA. 

No other methods of communication will be accepted. In particular, you may not use any electronic address provided either in this Notice or in any related documents 

for any purposes other than expressly stated.

12. 

A copy of this Notice, and other information required by Section 311A of the Act, can be found at www.churchillchina.plc.uk.  

13. 

Copies of the Directors’ Service Contracts and the Non-executive Directors’ letter of appointment will be available for inspection at the Company’s Registered

Office address on weekdays (Saturdays and public holidays excepted) during business hours from the date of this Notice until the conclusion of the AGM. 

78

 
 
 
EXPLANATORY NOTES on the RESOLUTIONS
The notes on the following pages give an explanation of certain of the proposed resolutions.

1. 

Resolutions 3 and 4: in accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association at every AGM the number of Directors nearest to, but not exceeding one-third must 

retire by rotation. Mr A D Roper and Mr J W Morgan are retiring by rotation and resolutions 3 and 4 respectively seek approval for his re-election as a Director. 

Biographical details for the Directors are set out on in the Directors’ Report.

Each of the Directors has had a formal performance evaluation and the Board believes that each of them continues to be effective and demonstrates commitment 

to the role. 

2. 

Resolution  7:  under  Section  570  of  the  Act,  when  new  shares  are  allotted  or  treasury  shares  are  sold  for  cash,  they  must  first  be  offered  to  existing  shareholders  

pro rata to their holdings. This special resolution empowers the Directors to: (a) allot shares of the Company in connection with a rights issue, scrip dividend or other 

similar issue; and (b) otherwise allot shares of the Company, or sell treasury shares for cash, up to an aggregate nominal value of £109,579 (representing, in accordance 

with  institutional  investor  guidelines,  approximately  10%  of  the  total  issued  equity  share  capital  as  at  16  April  2013))  (being  the  last  practicable  date  prior  to  the 

publication of this Notice)) as if the pre-emption rights of Section 570 did not apply. 

Except  in  relation  to  the  Company’s  employee  share  schemes,  the  Directors  have  no  immediate  plans  to  make  use  of  this  power.  In  line  with  best  practice,  the 

Company confirms that it has issued 1% of its issued share capital (excluding treasury shares) on a non-pro rata basis over the last 3 years, and it confirms its intention to 

adhere to the provisions in the Pre-Emption Group Statement of Principles regarding cumulative usage of authorities of no more than 7.5 per cent of the issued ordinary 

share capital (excluding treasury shares) within a rolling 3 year period.

This power shall cease to have effect at the conclusion of the next AGM or on 21 August 2014, whichever is the earlier.

 3. 

Resolution 8 renews the Directors’ current authority to make limited market purchases of the Company’s ordinary shares. The power is limited to a maximum aggregate 

number of 1,092,497 ordinary shares (representing approximately 10 per cent of the issued share capital excluding treasury shares as at 16 April 2013 (being the last 

practicable date prior to publication of this Notice)) and details the minimum and maximum prices that can be paid, exclusive of expenses. Any purchases of ordinary 

shares would be made by means of market purchase through the London Stock Exchange.

The Directors undertake that the authority conferred by this resolution, if approved, will only be used if to do so would result in an increase in earnings per share and be 

in the best interests of shareholders generally.

Current legislation allows companies to hold shares acquired by way of market purchase in treasury, rather than having to cancel them. The Directors may use the 

authority to purchase shares and hold them in treasury (and subsequently sell or transfer them out of treasury as permitted in accordance with legislation) rather than 

cancel them, subject to institutional guidelines applicable at the time. Shares will only be purchased if to do so would result in an increase in earnings per share and is 

in the best interests of shareholders generally. The Board has previously indicated its intention to continue to return surplus cash to shareholders via on-market purchase 

of its own shares where it is not required to finance the organic expansion of the business, acquisitions and dividend payments.

The authority conferred by this resolution will expire at the conclusion of the next AGM. 

4. 

Resolution 9 is required under the Shareholders’ Rights Regulations in order to preserve the ability of the Company to call general meetings on 14 days’ notice, with 

shareholders’ approval. The approval will be effective until the Company’s next Annual General Meeting when it is intended that a similar resolution will be proposed. 

The Company will also need to meet the requirements for electronic voting under the Regulations before it can call a general meeting on 14 days’ notice.

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Notes

80

China plc

Churchill China plc
Marlborough Pottery, High Street, Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, ST6 5NZ
T: +44 (0) 1782 577566   www.churchillchina.com
©Churchill China plc 2013