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Hallmark Financial Services

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Ticker hall
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Insurance - Property & Casualty
Employees 201-500
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FY2017 Annual Report · Hallmark Financial Services
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$14

$12

$10

$8

$6

$4

$2

$0

Premium Breakdown by Hallmark Business Units’ components

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

E&S Specialty
Property
$2,824

E&S Specialty
Property
$12,242

E&S Specialty
Property
$30,214

Professional
Liability
$4,731

Professional
Liability
$5,488

Professional
Liability
$5,530

Professional
Liability
$7,383

Professional
Liability
$9,769

Professional
Liability
$39,892

Programs
$22,540

Programs
$24,767

Programs
$30,918

Programs
$33,900

Programs
$35,080

Programs
$33,171

Workers
Compensation
$3,116

Workers
Compensation
$7,977

Workers
Compensation
$9,089

Workers
Compensation
$10,408

Workers
Compensation
$6,510

Workers
Compensation
$490

Workers
Compensation
$0

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Other
Programs
$85

Casualty*
$12,679

Contract
Binding
$108,145

General
Aviation
$25,145

Other
Programs
$247

Casualty*
$25,007

Contract
Binding
$94,948

General
Aviation
$24,029

Space & 
Satellite
$2,108

Space & 
Satellite
$6,742

Space & 
Satellite
$3,285

Casualty*
$33,762

Casualty*
$40,687

Casualty*
$51,847

Contract
Binding
$122,412

General
Aviation
$20,451

Contract
Binding
$136,683

General
Aviation
$18,690

Contract
Binding
$187,488

General
Aviation
$18,188

Space & 
Satellite
$4,999

Casualty*
$57,972

Contract
Binding
$204,856

General
Aviation
$15,496

Space & 
Satellite
$6,906

Space & 
Satellite
$6,715

Casualty*
$65,148

Casualty*
$85,084

Contract
Binding
$212,434

General
Aviation
$17,420

Contract
Binding
$215,870

General
Aviation
$20,045

Space & 
Satellite
$6,495

Casualty*
$114,159

Contract
Binding
$212,481

General
Aviation
$24,389

Casualty*
$28,089

Contract
Binding
$101,094

General
Aviation
$22,538

Contract
Binding
$121,390

General
Aviation
$29,607

Standard
Commercial
$90,988

Standard
Commercial
$80,193

Standard
Commercial
$72,511

Standard
Commercial
$67,844

Standard
Commercial
$66,304

Standard
Commercial
$69,113

Standard
Commercial
$78,057

Standard
Commercial
$74,271

Standard
Commercial
$75,382

Standard
Commercial
$76,401

Standard
Commercial
$78,228

Personal
Lines
$55,919

Personal
Lines
$60,834

Personal
Lines
$71,708

Personal
Lines
$95,292

Personal
Lines
$96,226

Personal
Lines
$77,068

Personal
Lines
$76,772

Personal
Lines
$63,992

Personal
Lines
$81,281

Personal
Lines
$83,272

Personal
Lines
$61,214

$297,904

$287,081

$288,450

$314,857

$344,379

$384,231

$454,981

$468,442

$509,188

$544,968

$600,243

*Casualty includes our excess umbrella and general liability products produced by our Specialty Commercial operating unit.

Highlights

For the Years Ended December 31, ($ in thousands, except per share amounts)
For the Years Ended December 31, ($ in thousands, except per share amounts)

Operating Results 
Gross premiums written 
Net premiums earned 
Income (loss) before tax 
Net income (loss)  

 2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013

$604,156 
  361,037 
   (16,572) 
   (11,553) 

$549,077 
  353,370  
      8,478 
      6,526 

$514,223  
  349,081  
    31,886 
    21,863  

$473,218  
  321,217  
    18,782  
    13,429  

$460,027
  360,541
    11,080 
      8,245

Per Share
$     (0.63) 
Net income (loss)—diluted 
Book value 
$    13.82 
Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted      18,343 

$      0.34  
$    14.28  
    18,941 

$      1.13  
$    13.72  
    19,405  

$      0.69  
$     13.11  
    19,366  

$      0.43
$    12.36
    19,361 

Selected Balance Sheet Items
Total investments and cash 
Total assets  
Reserves for unpaid loss and loss 
adjustment expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Total liabilities 
Total stockholders’ equity 

GAAP Ratios
Loss ratio 
Expense ratio 
Combined ratio 

$   728,966 
$1,231,126 

$   741,078 
$   701,797  
$1,162,460      $1,075,547  

$650,128  
$979,765  

$615,181
$907,867

$527,100 
$276,642 
$980,008 
$251,118 

$481,567 
$241,254 
$896,724 
$265,736 

$450,878  
$216,407  
$813,521  
$262,026  

$415,135  
$196,826  
$727,728  
$252,037  

$382,640
$185,303
$669,749
$238,118

79.9% 
28.0% 
107.9% 

71.8% 
28.0% 
99.8% 

  65.9% 
  28.0% 
  93.9%  

  65.4% 
  30.5% 
  95.9%  

  72.5%
  29.2%
101.7%

   
       
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash & Investments
Debt Securities 
83%
Cash & Equivalents  9%
7%
Equities 
1%
Other Investments 

83%

lative repurchases since 2008 total three million shares 
at  $27  million  or  an  average  price  of  $8.92  per  share, 
equivalent to 65% of our year end book value per share.  

Three  years  ago  we  undertook  a  major  reset  with  a 
change in leadership.  As a result, Hallmark is undeni-
ably a much better company today than it was then.  Our 
unsatisfactory financial results have not yet reflected the 
magnitude  of  positive  change  that  has  been  achieved 
during  this  time.    We  have  substantially  strengthened 
the senior leadership team, our underwriting talent and 
the functional roles in the company.  We have invested 
in  tools  and  technology.    We  have  aggressively  driven 
greatly improved capability in our core insurance oper-
ations.  

Our  objective  has  been  clear  and  unwavering  –  stabi-
lize profitability and create a more balanced, diversified 
and  valuable  portfolio  of  specialty  business.    We  have 
made  significant  progress  in  these  respects  and  remain 
committed to deliver strong financial performance in the 
future. 

Mark E. Schwarz
Executive Chairman of the Board
April 10, 2018

Letter from Our Chairman
Mark E. Schwarz

Hallmark’s book value per share declined 3% in 2017.  
It was a disappointing year because we failed to achieve 
bottom line profitability, our primary objective, despite 
making progress in many other important respects.  We 
remain clear in understanding the difference between ef-
forts and results.  While our efforts were substantial, the 
intended results were not achieved.

Hallmark was not the only property and casualty compa-
ny to experience poor financial results in 2017. Natural 
catastrophes,  storms  and  weather-related  losses  played 
a  big  role  in  2017,  in  what  was  the  costliest  year  ever 
for the insurance industry due to catastrophe losses that 
exceeded $100 billion.  Additionally, transportation lines 
continued to produce poor results for many in the indus-
try – Hallmark included.  

For  Hallmark,  the  biggest  obstacle  to  profitability  in 
2017  proved  to  be  additional  loss  reserves  taken  for    
prior years in our commercial auto line of business.  Last 
year we wrote about initiatives to improve pricing and 
claims,  the  two  most  critical  functions  in  an  insurance 
business.  Our efforts were not complete.  In retrospect, 
it is obvious there was not enough premium generated in 
years 2012-2016 to meet our margin expectations. 

Significant  and  appropriate  corrective  actions,  both  in 
leadership  and  organization,  have  now  been  taken. We 
expect improved underwriting results will follow.

On the investment side of operations, our fixed income 
portfolio  performed  in  line  with  expectations  given  its 
short duration and our equity portfolio realized an 18% 
return.    Our  net  investment  income  increased  15%  to 
nearly $19 million, an all time high.  Total investments 
and cash increased to $40.12 per share and have grown 
at  an  average  annual  rate  of  6%  and  8%  over  the  past 
three- and five-year periods.  Hallmark also repurchased 
$5 million of its common shares during the year.  Cumu-

Letter from Our President & CEO
Naveen Anand

While Hallmark made significant positive strides during 
2017,  our  progress  was  masked  by  adverse  prior  year 
loss development in our commercial and personal auto 
lines. Adverse  prior  year  loss  development  –  primarily 
from 2015 and prior accident years – accounted for 11.1 
points of our 107.9% combined ratio in 2017.

Additionally, 2.1 points of the combined ratio were at-
tributable to catastrophe losses, primarily from the hurri-
canes that impacted Texas and Florida. However, despite 
record industry catastrophe losses for 2017, our catastro-
phe loss ratio actually improved slightly as compared to 
2016.  I believe that Hallmark’s underlying fundamen-
tals are sound and position us for future success.

Commercial Auto Insurance Industry Challenges

The challenges in commercial and personal auto are not 
limited to Hallmark. Industry losses in the commercial 
auto segment have nearly quadrupled from $744.8 mil-
lion  in  2011  to  over  $2.9  billion  in  2016.  Commercial 
auto  is  now  the  loss  leader  for  standard  market  insur-
ers. Many carriers have exited this line of business over 
the last several years. Industry combined ratios have in-
creased from 94% in 2007 to a projected combined ratio 
of 112% for 2017. 

A  combination  of  low  gas  prices,  higher  employment, 
greater  driving  distractions,  higher  repair  costs,  rising 
medical costs and increased claim litigation have result-
ed  in  significantly  increased  frequency  and  severity  of 
losses. We are seeing significantly more adverse verdicts 
hitting policy limits, making this line a target for litiga-
tion and large claim settlements.

While these results are specific to commercial auto, per-
sonal auto has seen some of the same issues as well. 

Impact to Hallmark’s Results from Industry 
Commercial Auto Issues

Commercial auto industry trends have had an amplified 
impact on Hallmark’s bottom line. The Company signifi-
cantly grew in the commercial auto segment starting in 
2010 before leveling off in 2015. This line has represent-
ed approximately 50% of our gross premiums in the past 
and even a larger portion of our net written premiums. 

Combined with our personal auto business, a large por-
tion of our historical written premiums have come from 
the auto lines. Additionally, the auto business is concen-
trated  in  a  handful  of  southwestern  states,  with  Texas 
contributing a majority of the premium for these lines. 
The  industry  loss  ratio  results  in  these  states  has  been 
higher than the rest of the country over the last 10 years. 

Hallmark’s Response to the Industry Issues in Both 
Personal & Commercial Auto

We have been aggressively addressing the challenges in 
both commercial and personal auto lines. 

In  personal  lines,  we  started  the  process  in  late  2014 
by  narrowing  our  focus  to  our  core  products  of  auto 
and  companion  renter’s  coverage.  We  put  homeown-
ers,  dwelling,  fire,  motorcycle,  RV  and  other  ancillary 
coverages in runoff as they were sub-scale and had poor 
performance,  increasing  the  volatility  in  the  segment’s 
overall  results.  We  then  pared  down  from  33  states  to 
our current territory of 10 states. These remaining states 
offer  us  the  best  opportunity  for  sustained  profitability 
and growth. 

Additionally,  we  aggressively  pushed  for  rate  increas-
es in our remaining states and culled under-performing 
risks and agents. We filed over 65 rate increases in the 
various states over the last three years. 

We also retooled our underwriting processes and pricing 
capabilities starting in 2015 by developing and migrat-
ing  to  a  new  underwriting  and  claims  technology  plat-
form. This has allowed for much better pricing and risk 
segmentation at the point of sale. We have seen signifi-
cantly improved results with this platform and improved 
loss ratios from this effort. 

Finally,  we  revamped  the  entire  claims  operation. This 
has been a two-part process. We reviewed all our open 
claims  from  older  accident  years  and  made  sure  they 
reflected  current  trends  based  on  developing  frequen-
cy  and  severity  trends. Additionally,  we  upgraded  our 
claims procedures to address claims sooner and reduce 
the amount of litigation. This has resulted in large reduc-
tions in pending claims, as well as reductions in pending 
and new suits. 

The result of these efforts saw a year over year improve-
ment in the Personal Segment loss ratio of 14.7 points 
(and  31.5  points  on  4th  quarter  2017  vs.  4th  quarter 
2016). While the expense ratio increased due to reduced 
premium volume, we expect that to come in line over the 
course of 2018. 

Specialty Personal Lines

($000) 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017

GWP 

$63,992 

$81,281 

$83,272 

$61,214

NWP 

$16,802 

$44,072 

$44,267   $31,273

LR 

ER 

CR 

   63.7% 

    88.6% 

   98.7% 

   84.0%

   43.3% 

    19.0% 

   21.5% 

   29.3%

 107.0% 

 107.6% 

 120.2% 

 113.3%

In  primary  commercial  auto,  which  is  written  by 
Hallmark  Specialty  Underwriters,  many  of  the  same 
challenges  exist.  Here  too,  we  have  been  aggressively 
addressing the increased frequency, severity and litiga-
tion trends. We have increased rates on all segments of 
commercial auto over the last two years and have culled 
underperforming  accounts  and  brokers. We  also  exited 
two  states due  to price  inadequacy,  foregoing new  and 
renewal business in these states to concentrate on more 
profitable business. 

As with personal auto, we have enhanced the claims op-
erations  for  our  commercial  auto  operations.   We  con-
ducted comprehensive reviews of open claims in light of 
developing frequency and severity trends.  We also im-
proved the efficiency of our claims procedures in order 
to address claims more quickly.  We believe that these 
measures  will  reduce  our  future  exposure  to  the  large 

settlements and litigation that have driven adverse prior 
year loss experience. 

Additionally,  as  in  personal  lines  and  all  other  sectors, 
we  have  transitioned  the  Hallmark’s  claims  operation 
from decentralized units to a centralized approach with 
appropriate investments in leadership and management. 
As we move forward and get the prior year issues behind 
us, I am confident we can get back to achieving accept-
able results in this line of business. 

Developing our Specialty Commercial Segment Prod-
uct Portfolio

Since my arrival in late 2014, a key part of our strategy 
has been to re-balance our outsized exposure to the auto 
lines and develop additional specialty products to trans-
form the organization into an expertise-driven, diversi-
fied  specialty  insurer.  I’m  pleased  to  report  that  we’ve 
made significant progress in this effort. 

Over  the  course  of  the  last  three  years,  Hallmark  has 
transitioned from primarily a specialty auto business to 
a  more  diversified  specialty  commercial  portfolio.  We 
have enhanced our position in all of the specialty prod-
uct  lines  and  have  organically  developed  several  new 
products. 

Since  2015,  we  have  introduced  the  following  new    
product lines in our specialty commercial segment:

a.  Primary & Excess Casualty for select 

E&S Classes 

b.  Public Entity Excess Liability 
c.  Professional Liability for Healthcare Facilities
d.  Hospital Professional Liability 
e.  Management Liability 
f.  Errors & Omissions  
g.  Shared & Layered Property 
h.  Primary Property for E&S segments

These  new  products  complement  our  established            
specialty products in: 

a.  Excess Transportation 
b.  Physician Medical Malpractice   
c.  General Aviation 
d.  Satellite Launch and Orbit

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014 Portfolio

2017 Portfolio

Specialty Commercial
(68.6%)

Professional Liability (1.2%)

Aviation/Space (4.3%)

Programs
(7.5%)

Excess,
Umbrella 
& Primary
Casualty
(12.3%)

Standard 
Commercial
(17.9%)

Personal
Lines
(13.5%)

Contract Binding
(43.3%)

Business
Owners
Policy (BOP)
(2.8%)

Standard 
Commercial
(13.0%)

Commercial Package
Policy (CPP)
(9.1%)

Personal 
Lines
(10.2%)

Renters
(0.4%)

Personal
Auto
(9.8%)

Contract Binding - 
Transportation Package
(31.1%)

Specialty Commercial
(76.8%)
Space & Satellite (1.1%)

Monoline 
(1.1%)

E&S Property 
(5.0%)

Aviation 
(4.1%)

Professional 
Liability
(6.7%)

Programs
(5.5%)

Excess, Umbrella &
Primary Casualty
(19.0%)

Contract Binding 
- E&S Package
(4.3%)

Fiscal 2014 Gross Premium Written of $473 million

Fiscal 2017 Gross Premium Written of $604 million, 
including runoff lines.  

Our specialty brokerage business is now the largest por-
tion  of  our  portfolio  with  a  track  record  of  profitability 
and growth.

The  development  of  these  expertise-driven  specialty 
products  was  achieved  by  deploying  seasoned  teams 
with strong underwriting track records and close working 
relationship with our reinsurance providers. These prod-
uct lines require specialized underwriting skills and cus-
tomer knowledge that allow us to differentiate Hallmark 
in an otherwise crowded property and casualty industry. 
Our small to large regional customer profile, along with a 
disciplined approach to limits management and technical 
pricing, enhances price adequacy for the long term and 
sustainable  profitability. As  these  portfolios  continue  to 
mature, we expect to retain more risk and further increase 
our income results. 

Gross Premiums Written 
($000,000)

Specialty 
Brokerage

$250

$200

$150

$100

Contract 
Binding

Standard Commercial*

$50

2014

Personal Lines

2015

2016

2017

*Standard  Commercial  excludes  workers’  compensation 
and non-subscription business that is in runoff.

Specialty Commercial

($000) 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017

GWP 

$324,547  $351,050  $388,914  $464,714

NWP 

$230,638  $241,775  $249,072   $265,022

LR 

ER 

CR 

   65.5% 

    62.6% 

   69.9% 

   82.2%

   25.6% 

    25.6% 

   25.3% 

   23.7%

   91.1% 

    88.2% 

    95.2% 

 105.9%

Our Standard Commercial Segment

Our standard commercial portfolio has also evolved over 
the  last  few  years,  and  the  transformation  gained  even 
more momentum in 2017.  In 2014, this portfolio reflect-
ed a “generalist” admitted market appetite that included 
mono-line workers compensation and occupational acci-
dent business. 

In 2015, we sold the renewal rights on the workers com-
pensation business because it was capital intensive and 
sub-scale. Additionally, we terminated the occupational 
accident business and put this in run-off in 2015, which 
also contributed to the adverse prior year development 
in 2017. 

In  the  past,  the  portfolio  had  also  been  plagued  by  ca-
tastrophe losses coming from hail and severe convective 
storm  events.  We  addressed  this  by  tightening  our  un-
derwriting guidelines and exiting from exposures where 
loss issues had been prevalent. While catastrophe losses 

Standard Commercial*

($000) 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017

GWP 

$67,959 

$68,376 

$71,137 

$77,950

NWP 

$61,159 

$61,085 

$63,473   $69,028

LR 

ER 

CR 

   68.8% 

  65.5% 

  62.9% 

   63.4%**

   33.1% 

  32.6% 

  32.8% 

   34.5%

 101.9% 

  98.1% 

  95.7%   

   97.9%**

* Excludes runoff lines (worker’s compensation and 
  occupational accident.) 
** Includes 5.5 points of CAT loss impact primarily from 
  Hurricane Harvey.

in  2017  added  5.5  points  to  our  combined  ratio  in  this 
segment, the losses were primarily due to a single event, 
Hurricane  Harvey.  Our  losses  from  convective  storms 
for this segment were down by over 75% in 2017 com-
pared to the prior year. 

While we have fixed many of the underwriting issues in 
the portfolio, we have also been active in transforming 
the Standard Commercial Segment from a “generalist” 
to a “specialist” focused on risk classes where we are po-
sitioned to achieve sustained profitable results. This tran-
sition  includes  developing  proprietary  coverage  forms 
and  rates  for  our  targeted  customers.  Furthermore,  we 
have added to our distribution channels in current states 
and targeted new agents in each of our territories. 

We are seeing growth momentum from these efforts. In 
2018, we expanded our territory to 12 states by entering 
Arizona in January.  

We expect to thoughtfully add a few more states to our 
territory each year. 

In late 2017, we also launched our next generation tech-
nology platform to gain parity in the market and effec-
tively scale the business over time. 

Expense Management

We have built new product lines, attracted significant tal-
ent at all levels and successfully completed major tech-
nology upgrades while keeping a keen eye on expenses. 
The  expense  ratio  in  the  organization  has  been  flat  at 
28% for each of the last three years and has improved 
from 30.5% in 2014. We have been disciplined in reduc-
ing costs wherever possible and judiciously re-investing 
the savings into higher value opportunities. 

Our  underlying  performance  excluding  adverse  prior 
year loss development and increasing net written premi-
ums from our profitable specialty brokerage portfolio, as 
well as underwriting discipline and rate increases in our 
challenged auto lines, gives me confidence that we have 
turned the corner. 

I thank you for your support.

Naveen Anand
President and Chief Executive Officer
April 10, 2018

Transformed Specialty Insurer

I’m very disappointed by our results of 2017.  I believe 
that the adverse prior year loss development from older 
accident years has masked the incredible progress in the 
organization. 

Today, as I look at Hallmark, I see a company striving to 
be a “best in class” specialty insurer focused on sustain-
able niche markets in under-served sectors. Our special-
ty  product  development  and  geographic  diversification 
is well underway. 

2017 Geographic Diversification

Arkansas (2%)

Oregon (3%)

Montana (2%)

Tennessee (1%)

New Mexico (3%)
Oklahoma (3%)
Louisiana 
(3%)
Arizona 
(4%)

California 
(6%)

Texas
(40%)

All Other 
States
(33%)

Underwriting focus and talent levels across the organi-
zation have improved in all product and functional do-
mains.  Our  technology  is  becoming  a  strategic  advan-
tage by allowing us to scale our business effectively and 
providing greater insight into products and underwriting 
results. Underwriting discipline along with rate increas-
es are setting the stage for better earnings, and we con-
tinue to push for more.  We expect that the actions we 
have  taken  on  the  auto  portfolios  will  materialize  into 
better  results  going  forward,  as  evidenced  by  more  re-
cent accident year loss ratios.

Total Assets vs. Book Value Per Share 
($000,000)

$14.28
BVPS

$13.82
BVPS

$13.72
BVPS

$13.11
BVPS

$1,200

$1,000

$12.36
BVPS

$800

$600

$400

$200

$0

$908

$980

$1,076

$1,162

$1,231

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Gross Written Premium 
($000,000)

Combined Loss Ratio Comparison
107.9%

95.9%

93.9%

99.8%

4.7%

2.7%

2.2%
3.1%

11.1%

2.1%

92.8%

93.2%

94.5%

94.7%

$14.5
$14
$13.5
$13
$12.5
$12
$11.5
$11

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

$600

$400

$200

$0

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

*
)
E
O
R

(

y
t
i
u
q
E
n
O
n
r
u
t
e
R

-10%

-20%

$460

$473

$514

$549

$604

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

0%

-1.6%

2014

-2.0%

2015

2016

2017

Accident Year Combined 
Ratio excluding CATS

Catastrophe
Losses

Prior Year 
Reserve 
Development

ROE By Segment and Capital Allocation

41%

13%

8%

3%

25%

15%

8%

-2%

27%

27%

13%

8%

-17%

8%

-7%

-11%

Specialty 
Commercial
Contract 
Binding

Standard 
Commercial**

Personal 
Lines

*Return on equity 
calculations for each 
reportable segment 
assumes allocated 
capital based on our 
consolidated pre-
mium leverage and 
applies our consoli-
dated effective tax 
rate to each segment.

**Excludes impact of 
runoff lines (worker’s 
compensation and 
occupational acci-
dent).

2014

2015

2016

2017

 
 
 
UNITED STATES 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-K 

(Mark One) 
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the fiscal year ended DECEMBER 31, 2017 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

Or 

For the transition period from _________________________ to _________________________________ 
Commission file number 001-11252 
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Nevada 
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) 
777 Main Street, Suite 1000, Fort Worth, Texas 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 

Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (817) 348-1600 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

87-0447375 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 
76102 
(Zip Code) 

Title of Each Class 
Common Stock $.18 par value 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered 
Nasdaq Global Market 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  
Yes  No   
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  
Yes  No   
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 
Yes  No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, 
every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this 
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post 
such files).  
Yes  No  
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, 
and  will  not  be  contained,  to  the  best  of  the  registrant's  knowledge,  in  definitive  proxy  or  information  statements 
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a 
smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” 
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): 
Large accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company  

Non-accelerated filer  

Accelerated filer  

Emerging growth company 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition 
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the 
Exchange Act.   
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  
No  

1 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference 
to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the 
last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. $ 148.3 million 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable 
date.  18,169,028 shares of common stock, $.18 par value per share, outstanding as of March 14, 2018. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

The information required by Part III is incorporated by reference from the Registrant's definitive proxy statement to be 
filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by 
this report. 

Unless the context requires otherwise, in this Form 10-K the term “Hallmark” refers solely to Hallmark Financial Services, 
Inc. and the terms “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company” refer to Hallmark and its subsidiaries. The direct and indirect 
subsidiaries of Hallmark are referred to in this Form 10-K in the manner identified in the chart under “Item 1. Business – 
Operational Structure.” 

Risks Associated with Forward-Looking Statements Included in this Form 10-K 

This Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act of 1995, which are intended to be covered by the safe harbors created thereby. Forward-looking statements include 
statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or which include words 
such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “estimate” or similar expressions. These statements include the 
plans and objectives of management for future operations, including plans and objectives relating to future growth of our 
business activities and availability of funds. Statements regarding the following subjects are forward-looking by their nature: 

•  our business and growth strategies; 
•  our performance goals; 
•  our projected financial condition and operating results; 
•  our understanding of our competition; 
• 
• 
• 

industry and market trends; 
the impact of technology on our products, operations and business; and 
any other statements or assumptions that are not historical facts. 

The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks 
and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to these forward-looking statements involve judgments with respect to, among other 
things, future economic, competitive and market conditions, legislative initiatives, regulatory framework, weather-related 
events and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are 
beyond our control. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying these forward-looking statements are reasonable, 
any of the assumptions could be inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements 
included in this Form 10-K will prove to be accurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in these forward-
looking statements, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation that our objectives and 
plans will be achieved. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1. Business. 

Who We Are 

PART I 

We are a diversified property/casualty insurance group that serves businesses and individuals in specialty and niche markets.  

We  offer  specialty  commercial  insurance,  standard  commercial  insurance  and  personal  insurance  in  selected  market 
subcategories  that  are  characteristically  low-severity  and  predominately  short-tailed  risks.  We  focus  on  marketing, 
distributing, underwriting and servicing property/casualty insurance products that require specialized underwriting expertise 
or market knowledge. We believe this approach provides us the best opportunity to achieve favorable policy terms and 
pricing. The insurance policies we produce are written by our six insurance company subsidiaries as well as unaffiliated 
insurers. 

We  market,  distribute,  underwrite  and  service  our  property/casualty  insurance  products  primarily  through  subsidiaries 
whose  operations  are  organized  into  product-specific  operating  units  that  are  supported  by  our  insurance  company 
subsidiaries.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  offers  commercial  insurance  products  and  services  in  the  excess  and 
surplus  lines  market.  Our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  offers  general  aviation  and  satellite  launch  insurance 
products  and  services,  low  and  middle  market  commercial  umbrella  and  primary/excess  liability  insurance,  medical 
professional liability insurance products and services, financial professional liability insurance products and services and 
primary/excess  commercial  property  coverages  for  both  catastrophe  and  non-catastrophe  exposures.  Our  Standard 
Commercial P&C operating unit offers industry-specific commercial insurance products and services in the standard market. 
Our Workers Compensation operating unit specializes in small and middle market workers compensation business. Effective 
July 1, 2015, the Workers Compensation operating unit ceased marketing or retaining any risk on new or renewal policies. 
Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit offers non-standard personal automobile and renters insurance products and 
services. 

Each operating unit has its own management team with significant experience in distributing products to its target markets 
and proven success in achieving underwriting profitability. Each operating unit is responsible for marketing, distribution 
and underwriting while we provide capital management, claims management, reinsurance, actuarial, investment, financial 
reporting,  technology  and  legal  services  and  other  administrative  support  at  the  parent  level.  We  believe  this  approach 
optimizes  our  operating  results  by  allowing  us  to  effectively  penetrate  our  selected  specialty  and  niche  markets  while 
maintaining operational controls, managing risks, controlling overhead and efficiently allocating our capital across operating 
units. We expect future growth to be derived from organic growth in the premium production of our existing operating units 
and selected opportunistic acquisitions that meet our criteria.  

What We Do 

We market commercial and personal lines property/casualty insurance products which are tailored to the risks and coverages 
required by the insured. We believe that most of our target markets are underserved by larger property/casualty insurers 
because of the specialized nature of the underwriting required. We are able to offer these products profitably as a result of 
the expertise of our experienced underwriters. We also believe our long-standing relationships with independent general 
agencies and retail agents and the service we provide differentiate us from larger property/casualty insurers. 

Our Contract Binding operating unit primarily offers commercial property/casualty insurance products in the excess and 
surplus lines market. Excess and surplus lines insurance provides coverage for difficult to place risks that do not fit the 
underwriting criteria of insurers operating in the standard market. Our Contract Binding operating unit focuses on middle 
market commercial risks that do not meet the underwriting requirements of standard insurers due to factors such as loss 
history,  number  of  years  in  business,  minimum  premium  size  and  types  of  business  operation.  Our  Contract  Binding 
operating  unit  primarily  writes  commercial  automobile,  general  liability,  commercial  property  and  excess  casualty 
coverages.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  markets  its  products  in  24  states  through  11  wholesale  brokers  and  88 
general agency offices, as well as 34 independent retail agents in Texas.  

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Specialty Commercial operating unit offers small and middle market commercial excess liability, umbrella, general 
liability  and  public  entity  excess  liability  insurance  on  both  an  admitted  and  non-admitted  basis;  general  aviation 
property/casualty  insurance  primarily  for  private  and  small  commercial  aircraft  and  airports;  satellite  launch 
property/casualty insurance products;  medical and financial professional liability insurance on an excess and surplus lines 
basis; and primary/excess commercial property coverages on an excess and surplus lines basis for both catastrophe and non-
catastrophe exposures. The principal focus of the excess and umbrella insurance products offered is transportation (trucking 
for  hire  and  specialty  automobile  coverage).  The  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  also  provides  excess  liability 
coverage for small to midsize businesses in class categories such as contracting,  manufacturing, hospitality and service 
(non-transportation).  Typical risks range from one power unit to fleets of up to 200 power units and up to $150 million in 
receipts (non-construction) or $75 million in receipts (construction) from operations. Public entity excess coverage is also 
offered on an insurance and reinsurance basis for cities, counties and other public entities with populations up to 1,000,000. 
Our Specialty Commercial operating unit markets these excess and umbrella products through 136 wholesale brokers in all 
50 states. The aircraft liability and hull insurance products underwritten by our Specialty Commercial operating unit target 
standard general aviation aircraft risks. Airport liability insurance is marketed to smaller, regional airports. Our Specialty 
Commercial operating unit markets these general aviation insurance products through 188 independent specialty brokers in 
48 states. The satellite launch property/casualty policies produced by our Specialty Commercial operating unit are marketed 
through underwriting agencies with technical knowledge of space insurance. We can retain up to $2.0 million per risk for 
satellite launches and in-orbit coverage for up to 12 months. 

The medical professional liability insurance underwritten on an excess and surplus lines basis by our Specialty Commercial 
operating  unit  focuses  on  standard  risk  healthcare  professionals  as  well  as  those  who  do  not  meet  the  underwriting 
requirements of standard insurers due to factors such as loss history, number of years in business, minimum premium size 
and  types  of  business  operation.    In  addition  to  healthcare  professionals,  our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  also 
underwrites medical professional liability for medical facilities.  These are generally outpatient facilities such as surgery 
centers,  imaging  centers,  labs,  home  health  agencies  and  other  non-hospital  facilities  providing  medical  services.    Our 
Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  markets  these  products  through  28  wholesale  and  retail  brokers  in  49  states.  The 
Specialty Commercial operating unit also provides medical professional liability to senior care facilities through a program 
where  a  managing  general  agent  underwrites  on  our  behalf  risks  that  meet  specific  underwriting  criteria.  The  financial 
professional liability insurance underwritten on an excess and surplus lines basis by our Specialty Commercial operating 
unit focuses on management and professional liability products that include directors & officers, employment practices and 
retirement and benefit plan fiduciary services for private, public and non-profit entities as well as miscellaneous professional 
liability insurance for most non-financial institution service industries. Our Specialty Commercial operating unit distributes 
its  financial  professional  liability  insurance  products  through  26  wholesale  brokers  in  49  states.  The  primary/excess 
commercial property coverages underwritten by our Specialty Commercial operating unit specializes in shared and layered 
accounts  on  a  non-admitted  basis  which  target  regional  and  national  property  programs.  Our  Specialty  Commercial 
operating unit markets these products through 22 wholesale brokers in 50 states. 

Our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  primarily  underwrites 
low-severity,  short-tailed  commercial 
property/casualty insurance products in the standard market. These products have historically produced stable loss results 
and  include  general  liability,  commercial  automobile,  commercial  property  and  umbrella  coverages.  Our  Standard 
Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  currently  markets  its  products  through  a  network  of  150  independent  agency  groups 
primarily serving businesses in the non-urban areas of Texas, New Mexico, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Washington, Utah, 
Wyoming,  Arkansas,  Hawaii  and  Missouri.    In  addition,  our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  provides 
occupational  accident  coverage  in  Texas  through  an  underwriting  agency  that  specializes  in  the  occupational  accident 
insurance market. Effective June 1, 2016, we ceased marketing new or renewal occupational accident policies. 

Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit primarily offers non-standard personal automobile policies, which generally 
provide the minimum limits of liability coverage mandated by state law to drivers who find it difficult to obtain insurance 
from standard carriers due to various factors including age, driving record, claims history or limited financial resources. Our 
Specialty Personal Lines operating unit also provides a renters insurance product that complements our non-standard auto 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
offering and fits well in our distribution channel. Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit markets and services these 
policies through 3,575 independent retail agent locations in 10 states. 

Our insurance company subsidiaries are American Hallmark Insurance Company of Texas (“AHIC”), Hallmark Insurance 
Company  (“HIC”),  Hallmark  Specialty  Insurance  Company  (“HSIC”),  Hallmark  County  Mutual  Insurance  Company 
(“HCM”), Hallmark National Insurance Company (“HNIC”) and Texas Builders Insurance Company (“TBIC”).  AHIC, 
HIC, HSIC and HNIC have entered into a pooling arrangement, pursuant to which AHIC retains 34% of the net premiums 
written by any of them, HIC retains 32% of the net premiums written by any of them, HSIC retains 24% of the net premiums 
written by any of them and HNIC retains 10% of the net premiums written by any of them. A.M. Best Company (“A.M. 
Best”), a nationally recognized insurance industry rating service and publisher, has pooled its ratings of these four insurance 
company subsidiaries and assigned a financial strength rating of “A–” (Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of “a-” to each 
of these individual insurance company subsidiaries and to the pool formed by these four insurance company subsidiaries. 
Also, A.M. Best has assigned a financial strength rating of “A–” (Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of “a-” to HCM. 
A.M. Best does not assign a financial strength rating or an issuer credit rating to TBIC. 

These  operating  units  are  segregated  into  three  reportable  industry  segments  for  financial  accounting  purposes.  The 
Specialty Commercial Segment includes our Contract Binding operating unit and Specialty Commercial operating unit. The 
Standard Commercial Segment consists of the Standard Commercial P&C operating unit and the Workers Compensation 
operating unit. The Personal Segment consists solely of our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit. The following table 
displays the gross premiums written and net premiums written by these reportable segments for affiliated and unaffiliated 
insurers for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. 

Gross Premiums Written: 

Specialty Commercial Segment 
Standard Commercial Segment  
Personal Segment  

Total 

Net Premiums Written: 

Specialty Commercial Segment 
Standard Commercial Segment 
Personal Segment  

Total 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

Year Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

(dollars in thousands) 

464,714   $ 
78,228    
61,214  
604,156   $ 

265,022   $ 
69,288    
31,273  
365,583   $ 

388,914   $ 
76,891    
83,272  
549,077   $ 

249,072   $ 
68,490    
44,267  
361,829   $ 

351,050 
81,892 
81,281 
514,223 

241,775 
71,097 
44,072 
356,944 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
Operational Structure 

Our insurance company subsidiaries retain a portion of the premiums produced by our operating units. The following chart 
reflects  the  operational  structure  of  our  organization,  including  the  subsidiaries  comprising  our  operating  units  and  the 
operating units included in each reportable segment as of December 31, 2017. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Specialty Commercial Segment  

The  Specialty  Commercial  Segment  of  our  business  includes  our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  and  our  Specialty 
Commercial  operating  unit.  During  2017,  our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  accounted  for  46%  and  our  Specialty 
Commercial operating unit accounted for 54% of the aggregate premiums produced by the Specialty Commercial Segment.  

Contract  Binding  operating  unit.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  markets,  underwrites,  finances  and  services 
commercial  lines  insurance  in  24  states  with  a  particular  emphasis  on  commercial  automobile,  general  liability  and 
commercial  property  risks  produced  on  an  excess  and  surplus  lines  basis.  Excess  and  surplus  lines  insurance  provides 
coverage for difficult to place risks that do not fit the underwriting criteria of insurers operating in the standard market. The 
subsidiaries  comprising  our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  include  HSU,  which  is  a  regional  managing  general 
underwriter,  TGASRI  which  is  a  Texas  managing  general  agency,  and  PAAC,  which  provides  premium  financing  for 
policies marketed by HSU and certain unaffiliated general and retail agents. HSU accounts for 89% of the premium volume 
financed by PAAC. 

Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  focuses  on  middle  market  commercial  risks  that  do  not  meet  the  underwriting 
requirements  of  traditional  standard  insurers  due  to  issues  such  as  loss  history,  number  of  years  in  business,  minimum 
premium  size  and  types  of  business  operation.  During  2017,  commercial  automobile,  general  liability  and  all  other 
property/casualty  accounted  for  88%,  9%  and  3%,  respectively,  of  the  premiums  produced  by  our  Contract  Binding 
operating unit. Target risks for commercial automobile insurance are business auto and trucking for hire fleets, excluding 
hazardous or flammable materials haulers. Target risks for general liability insurance are small business risk exposures 
including artisan contractors, sales and service organizations, and building and premises liability exposures. Target risks for 
commercial property insurance are low- to mid-value structures including office buildings, mercantile shops, restaurants 
and rental dwellings, in each case with aggregate property limits of less than $1,000,000. The commercial insurance products 
offered by our Contract Binding operating unit include the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Commercial  automobile.  Commercial  automobile  insurance  provides  third-party  bodily  injury  and  property 
damage  coverage  and  first-party  property  damage  coverage  against  losses  resulting  from  the  ownership, 
maintenance or use of automobiles and trucks in connection with an insured’s business. 

General  liability.  General  liability  insurance  provides  coverage  for  third-party  bodily  injury  and  property 
damage  claims  arising  from  accidents  occurring  on  the  insured’s  premises  or  from  their  general  business 
operations. 
Commercial  property.  Commercial  property  insurance  provides  first-party  coverage  for  the  insured’s  real 
property,  business  personal  property,  theft  and  business  interruption  losses  caused  by  fire,  wind,  hail,  water 
damage, vandalism and other insured perils. Windstorm, hurricane and hail are generally excluded in coastal 
areas. 
Commercial  excess  liability.  Commercial  excess  liability  insurance  is  designed  to  provide  an  extra  layer  of 
protection for bodily injury, personal and advertising injury, or property damage losses above the primary layer 
of commercial automobile, general liability and employer’s liability insurance. The excess insurance does not 
begin until the limits of liability in the primary layer have been exhausted. The excess layer provides not only 
higher limits, but catastrophic protection from large losses. 

Commercial  umbrella.  Commercial  umbrella  insurance  protects  businesses  for  bodily  injury,  personal  and 
advertising injury, or property damage claims in excess of the limits of their primary commercial automobile, 
general liability and employers liability policies, and for some claims excluded by their primary policies (subject 
to a deductible). Umbrella insurance provides not only higher limits, but catastrophic protection for large losses. 

Our Contract Binding operating unit markets its products in 24 states through 11 wholesale brokers and 88 general agency 
offices,  as  well  as  34  independent  retail  agents  in  Texas.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  strives  to  simplify  the 
placement of its excess and surplus lines policies by providing our general agents with a web rating portal which allows for 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
instantaneous  quoting  and  signature-ready  applications  which  can  be  emailed  or  faxed  to  its  independent  retail  agents. 
During  2017,  general  agents  produced  86%,  retail  agents  produced  3%  and  wholesale  brokers  produced  11%  of  total 
premiums produced by our Contract Binding operating unit. During 2017, the top ten general agents produced 41%, the 
eleven wholesale brokers produced 11% and no general agent produced more than 8%, of the total premium volume of our 
Contract Binding operating unit. During the same period, the top ten retail agents produced 2%, and no retail agent produced 
more than 1%, of the total premium volume of our Contract Binding operating unit. 

The  majority  of  the  commercial  policies  written  by  our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  are  for  a  term  of  12  months. 
Exceptions include certain commercial automobile policies that are written for a term that coincides with the annual harvest 
of crops and special event general liability policies that are written for the term of the event, which is generally one to two 
days. Commercial lines policies are paid in full up front or financed with various premium finance companies, including 
PAAC. 

Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit.  Our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  offers  small  and  middle  market 
commercial excess liability, umbrella, public entity excess liability and general liability insurance on both an admitted and 
non-admitted  basis.  This  operating  unit  focuses  primarily  on  trucking,  specialty  automobile  and  non-fleet  automobile 
coverage, excess liability for most classes of public entity risks, general aviation property/casualty insurance primarily for 
private and small commercial aircraft and airports, satellite launch insurance products, medical and financial professional 
liability  insurance  on  an  excess  and  surplus  lines  basis  and  primary/excess  commercial  property  coverage  for  both 
catastrophe  and  non-catastrophe  exposures  on  an  excess  and  surplus  lines  basis.  Certain  specialty  programs  are  also 
managed by our Specialty Commercial operating unit. 

The  small and  middle  market  commercial  excess  liability,  umbrella  and  general  liability  insurance underwritten  by  our 
Specialty Commercial operating unit is offered on an admitted and non-admitted basis in all 50 states plus the District of 
Columbia. Limits of liability offered are from $1,000,000 to $5,000,000 (transportation) and $1,000,000 to $10,000,000 
(non-transportation) in coverage in excess of the primary carrier’s limits of liability. The majority of the excess, umbrella 
and general liability insurance policies written by our Specialty Commercial operating unit are on an annual basis.  

However, exceptions are common in an attempt to have policy effective dates coincide with those of the primary insurance 
policies. Policy premiums are due in full 30 days from the inception date of the policy. During 2017, the top ten wholesale 
brokers accounted for 40% of our primary and excess casualty premium volume, with no single wholesale broker accounting 
for more than 8%. During 2017, commercial transportation excess liability risks accounted for 72% of the premiums, with 
the remaining 28% coming from non-transportation commercial excess, public entity and general liability risks. 

The  commercial  excess,  umbrella,  general  liability  and  public  entity  excess  liability  insurance  products  offered  by  our 
Specialty Commercial operating unit include the following: 

•  Commercial  excess  liability.  Commercial  excess  liability  insurance  is  designed  to  provide  an  extra  layer  of 
protection for bodily injury, personal and advertising injury, or property damage losses above the primary layer 
of commercial automobile, general liability and employer’s liability insurance. The excess insurance does not 
begin until the limits of liability in the primary layer have been exhausted. The excess layer provides not only 
higher limits, but catastrophic protection from large losses.  

•  Commercial  umbrella.  Commercial  umbrella  insurance  protects  businesses  for  bodily  injury,  personal  and 
advertising injury, or property damage claims in excess of the limits of their primary commercial automobile, 
general liability and employer’s liability policies, and for some claims excluded by their primary policies (subject 
to a deductible). Umbrella insurance provides not only higher limits, but catastrophic protection for large losses. 

•  Commercial general liability. General liability insurance provides coverage for third-party bodily injury and 
property damage claims arising from accidents occurring on the insured’s premises or from their general business 
operations. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

Public Entity Excess Liability.  Public entity excess liability is designed to provide an extra layer of protection 
for target classes of public entities for auto liability, general liability, public officials’ liability, wrongful acts, 
employment practice liability, law enforcement liability, educators’ legal liability and related coverages. 

We  generally  cede  80%  of  the  commercial  excess,  umbrella,  general  liability  and  public  entity  excess  liability  risk  on 
policies presently written by our Specialty Commercial operating unit. 

Our Specialty Commercial operating unit markets, underwrites and services general aviation property/casualty insurance in 
48 states. The subsidiaries marketing our general aviation insurance products include Aerospace Insurance Managers, which 
markets standard aviation coverages, ASRI, which markets excess and surplus lines aviation coverages, and ACMG, which 
handles claims management. Aerospace Insurance Managers is one of only a few similar entities in the U.S. and has focused 
on developing a well-defined niche centering on transitional pilots, older aircraft and small airports and aviation-related 
businesses. In addition, our Specialty Commercial operating unit offers satellite launch property/casualty policies marketed 
through  underwriting  agencies  with  technical  knowledge  of  space  insurance.  The  general  aviation  and  satellite  launch 
products offered by our Specialty Commercial operating unit include the following: 

• 

• 

• 

Aircraft.  Aircraft insurance provides third-party bodily injury and property damage coverage and first-party 
hull damage coverage against losses resulting from the ownership, maintenance or use of aircraft. 

Airport liability. Airport liability insurance provides coverage for third-party bodily injury and property damage 
claims arising from accidents occurring on airport premises or from their operations. 

Satellite.  We  can  retain  up  to  $2.0  million  per  risk  for  satellite  launches  and  in-orbit  coverage  for  up  to  12 
months. 

We presently cede 80% of the general aviation risk on policies written by our Specialty Commercial operating unit. 

Our Specialty Commercial operating unit distributes its general aviation insurance products through 188 aviation specialty 
brokers.  These  specialty  brokers  submit  to  Aerospace  Insurance  Managers  requests  for  aviation  insurance  quotations 
received from the states in which we operate and our Specialty Commercial operating unit selectively determines the risks 
fitting its target niche for which it will prepare a quote. During 2017, the top ten independent specialty brokers produced 
37%, and no broker produced more than 7%, of the total general aviation premium volume of our Specialty Commercial 
operating  unit.  Our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  independently  develops,  underwrites  and  prices  each  general 
aviation coverage written.  We target standard general aviation risks for both commercial (non-airline) and non-commercial 
uses. We do not accept aircraft that are used for hazardous purposes such as crop dusting or heli-skiing. Liability limits are 
controlled, with 93% of the aircraft written in 2017 bearing per-occurrence limits of $1,000,000 and per-passenger limits of 
$100,000  or  less.  The  average  insured  aircraft  hull  value  for  aircraft  written  in  2017  was  approximately  $153,000.  All 
general aviation policies produced by our Specialty Commercial operating unit are written through our insurance company 
subsidiaries. 

Our Specialty Commercial operating unit markets medical professional liability insurance on an excess and surplus lines 
basis.    Medical  professional  liability  insurance  provides  coverage  for  third-party  bodily  injury  claims  resulting  from 
professional  services  provided  by  physicians,  surgeons,  podiatrists  and  medical  entities,  as  well  as  outpatient  medical 
facilities.  Our Specialty Commercial operating unit distributes its medical professional liability insurance products through 
28 wholesale brokers in 49 states. The Specialty Commercial operating unit also provides medical professional liability to 
senior care facilities through a program where a managing general agent underwrites on our behalf risks that meet specific 
underwriting criteria. We generally cede 73.5% of the medical professional liability risk on policies written by our Specialty 
Commercial operating unit. 

Our Specialty Commercial operating unit markets financial professional liability insurance on an excess and surplus lines 
basis.   Financial  professional  liability  insurance  provides  liability  insurance  for  management  liability  and  professional 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
liability  on  a  claim  made  basis.  Our  financial  professional  liability  products  target  miscellaneous  professional  liability 
classes.  Our Specialty Commercial operating unit distributes its financial professional liability insurance products through 
26 wholesale brokers in 49 states. We presently cede 40% of the financial professional liability risk on policies written by 
our Specialty Commercial operating unit. 

Our Specialty Commercial operating unit markets primary/excess commercial property coverages, on a non-admitted basis, 
for both catastrophe and non-catastrophe exposures. Our Specialty Commercial operating unit distributes its primary/excess 
commercial  property  insurance  products  through  22  wholesale  brokers  in  50  states.  We  presently  cede  70%  of  the 
primary/excess commercial property risk on policies underwritten  by our insurance companies and  receive a fee on the 
portion of the business written as a cover-holder through a Lloyds Syndicate.  

The specialty programs within our Specialty Commercial operating unit consist of fronting and agency arrangements, as 
well as a program underwriter. The specialty programs business presently consists primarily of a fronting arrangement in 
Texas  for  a  third  party  insurance  company  and  a  program  underwriter  writing  primarily  commercial  auto  liability  and 
physical damage risk in 17 states. 

Standard Commercial Segment  

The Standard Commercial Segment of our business includes our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit and our Workers 
Compensation  operating  unit.  Effective  July  1,  2015,  our  Workers  Compensation  operating  unit  ceased  marketing  or 
retaining any risk on new or renewal policies. During 2017, our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit accounted for 
substantially all of the premiums produced by the Standard Commercial Segment. 

Standard  Commercial P&C  operating  unit.  Our Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  markets, underwrites  and 
services  standard  commercial  lines  insurance  primarily  in  the  non-urban  areas  of  Texas,  New  Mexico,  Idaho,  Oregon, 
Montana,  Washington,  Utah,  Wyoming,  Arkansas,  Hawaii  and  Missouri.  The  subsidiaries  comprising  our  Standard 
Commercial P&C operating unit include American Hallmark Insurance Services, a regional managing general agency, and 
ECM, a claims administration company. American Hallmark Insurance Services targets customers that are in low-severity 
classifications in the standard commercial market, which as a group have relatively stable loss results. The typical customer 
is a small to midsize business with a policy that covers property, general liability and automobile exposures. Our Standard 
Commercial P&C operating unit underwriting criteria exclude lines of business and classes of risks that are considered to 
be high-severity or volatile, or which involve significant latent injury potential or other long-tailed liability exposures. ECM 
administers  the  claims  on  the  insurance  policies  produced  by  American  Hallmark  Insurance  Services.  In  addition,  our 
Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  provided  occupational  accident  coverage  in  Texas  through  an  underwriting 
agency that is a specialist in the occupational accident insurance market.  Effective June 1, 2016, we ceased marketing new 
or renewal occupational accident policies. Products offered by our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit include the 
following: 

•  Commercial  automobile.  Commercial  automobile  insurance  provides  third-party  bodily  injury  and  property 
damage  coverage  and  first-party  property  damage  coverage  against  losses  resulting  from  the  ownership, 
maintenance or use of automobiles and trucks in connection with an insured’s business. 

•  General  liability.  General  liability  insurance  provides  coverage  for  third-party  bodily  injury  and  property 
damage  claims  arising  from  accidents  occurring  on  the  insured’s  premises  or  from  their  general  business 
operations. 

•  Umbrella. Umbrella insurance provides coverage for third-party liability claims where the loss amount exceeds 
coverage limits provided by the insured’s underlying general liability and commercial automobile policies. 

•  Commercial  property.  Commercial  property  insurance  provides  first-party  coverage  for  the  insured’s  real 
property, business personal property, and business interruption losses caused by fire, wind, hail, water damage, 
theft, vandalism and other insured perils. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
• 

Commercial multi-peril.  Commercial multi-peril insurance provides a combination of property and liability 
coverage that can include commercial automobile coverage on a single policy. 

•  Business owner’s. Business owner’s insurance provides a package of coverage designed for small to midsize 
businesses  with  homogeneous  risk  profiles.  Coverage  includes  general  liability,  commercial  property  and 
commercial automobile. 

•  Occupational  accident.    Occupational  accident  insurance  provides  an  alternative  to  statutory  workers 
compensation insurance in Texas.  Coverage includes medical, short term disability and accidental death and 
dismemberment. Effective June 1, 2016, we ceased marketing new or renewal occupational accident policies. 

Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit markets its property/casualty insurance products through 150 independent 
agency groups operating in its target markets. Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit applies a strict agent selection 
process and seeks to provide its independent agents some degree of non-contractual geographic exclusivity. Our Standard 
Commercial P&C operating unit also strives to provide its independent agents with convenient access to product information 
and personalized service. As a result, the Standard Commercial P&C operating unit has historically maintained excellent 
relationships  with  its  producing  agents,  as  evidenced  by  the  24  year  average  tenure  of  the  19  agency  groups  that  each 
produced more than $1.0 million in premium during the year ended December 31, 2017. During 2017, the top ten agency 
groups produced 38%, and no individual agency group produced more than 8%, of the total premium volume of our Standard 
Commercial P&C operating unit. 

Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit writes most risks on a package basis using a commercial multi-peril policy 
or a business owner’s policy. Umbrella policies are written only when our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit also 
writes the insured’s underlying general liability and commercial automobile coverage.  

All of the commercial policies written by our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit are for a term of 12 months. If the 
insured is unable or unwilling to pay for the entire premium in advance, we provide an installment payment plan that requires 
the insured to pay 20% or 25% down and the remaining payments over eight months. We charge installment fees of up to 
$7.50 per payment for the installment payment plan. 

Workers Compensation operating unit. Effective July 1, 2015, this operating unit ceased marketing or retaining any risk 
on new or renewal policies. The subsidiaries comprising our Workers Compensation operating unit include TBIC Holding 
which has two wholly-owned subsidiaries, TBIC, a Texas domiciled workers compensation insurance carrier and TBICRM, 
which provided risk management services to customers of TBIC. The run-off of existing policies issued by TBIC is being 
administered by an independent third party. 

Personal Segment / Specialty Personal Lines operating unit 

The Personal Segment of our business consists solely of our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit. Our Specialty Personal 
Lines operating unit markets and services non-standard personal automobile policies and renters insurance in 10 states. Our 
Specialty Personal Lines operating unit provides management, policy and claims administration services and includes the 
operations of AHGA and HCS. Our non-standard personal automobile insurance generally provides for the minimum limits 
of liability coverage mandated by state laws to drivers who find it difficult to purchase automobile insurance from standard 
carriers as a result of various factors, including driving record, vehicle, age, claims history, or limited financial resources. 
Products offered by our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit include the following: 

•  Personal automobile. Personal automobile insurance is the primary product offered by our Specialty Personal Lines 
operating  unit.  Our  policies  typically  provide  third-party  coverage  to  individuals  for  bodily  injury  and  property 
damage at the minimum limits required by law, and for physical damage to an insured’s own vehicle from collision 
and various other perils. In addition, many states require policies to provide for first party personal injury protection, 
frequently referred to as no-fault coverage.  

12 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
•  Renters.  Renters  insurance  provides  coverage  for  the  contents  of  a  renter’s  home  or  apartment  and  for  liability. 

Renter’s policies are similar to homeowners insurance, except they do not cover the structure. 

 We presently cede 60% of the personal automobile risk on policies written by our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit. 

Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit markets its products through 3,575 independent retail agent locations operating 
in its target geographic markets. Non-standard automobile represented 96% of the premiums produced during 2017. Our 
Specialty  Personal  Lines  operating  unit  qualifies  new  agent  appointments  in  order  to  establish  an  efficient  network  of 
independent  agents to  effectively  penetrate  its highly  competitive  markets.  Our  Specialty  Personal  Lines  operating  unit 
periodically evaluates its independent agents and discontinues the appointment of agents whose production history does not 
satisfy certain standards. During 2017, the top ten independent agency locations produced 28%, and no individual agency 
location produced more than 7%, of the total premium volume of our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit. 

During 2017, personal automobile liability coverage accounted for 73% and personal automobile physical damage coverage 
accounted for the remaining 27% of the total non-standard automobile premiums produced by our Specialty Personal Lines 
operating unit. Our most common policy term is a six month policy. We offer additional terms of one-, two-, three- and 
twelve-month policies on a limited basis. Our typical non-standard personal automobile customer is unable or unwilling to 
pay a full or half year premium in advance. Accordingly, we currently offer a direct bill program where the premiums are 
directly billed to the insured on a monthly basis. We charge installment fees for each payment under the direct bill program. 
Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit markets its products in 10 states directly for HIC, AHIC and HCM.  

Our Competitive Strengths 

We believe that we enjoy the following competitive strengths: 

• 

• 

• 

Specialized  market  knowledge  and  underwriting  expertise.  All  of  our  operating  units  possess  extensive 
knowledge  of  the  specialty  and  niche  markets  in  which  they  operate,  which  we  believe  allows  them  to 
effectively structure and market their property/casualty insurance products. Our Contract Binding operating 
unit  and  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  have  developed  specialized  underwriting  expertise  which 
enhances  their  ability  to  profitably  underwrite  non-standard  property/casualty  insurance  coverages.  Our 
Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  has  significant underwriting  experience in  its target  market for 
standard  commercial  property/casualty  insurance  products.  In  addition,  our  Specialty  Personal  Lines 
operating  unit  has  a  thorough  understanding  of  the  unique  characteristics  of  the  non-standard  personal 
automobile market. 

Tailored  market  strategies.  Each  of  our  operating  units  has  developed  its  own  customized  strategy  for 
penetrating the specialty or niche markets in which it operates. These strategies include distinctive product 
structuring,  marketing,  distribution,  underwriting  and  servicing  approaches  by  each  operating  unit.  As  a 
result, we are able to structure our property/casualty insurance products to serve the unique risk and coverage 
needs of our insureds. We believe these market-specific strategies enable us to provide policies tailored to 
the target customer that are appropriately priced and fit our risk profile. 

Superior agent and customer service. We believe performing the underwriting, billing, customer service 
and claims management functions tailored to the needs of each operating unit allows us to provide superior 
service to both our independent agents and insured customers. The easy-to-use interfaces and responsiveness 
of our operating units enhance their relationships with the independent agents who sell our policies. We also 
believe our consistency in offering our insurance products through hard and soft markets helps to build and 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
maintain the loyalty of our independent agents. Our customized products, flexible payment plans and prompt 
claims processing are similarly beneficial to our insureds.  

•  Market  diversification.  We  believe  operating  in  various  specialty  and  niche  segments  of  the 
property/casualty insurance market diversifies both our revenues and our risks. We also believe our operating 
units  generally  operate  on  different  market  cycles,  producing  more  earnings  stability  than  if  we  focused 
entirely  on  one  product.  As  a  result  of  the  pooling  arrangement  among  four  of  our  insurance  company 
subsidiaries, we are able to efficiently allocate our capital among these various specialty and niche markets 
in response to market conditions and expansion opportunities. We believe this market diversification reduces 
our risk profile and enhances our profitability.  

• 

Experienced  management  team.  Our  senior  corporate  management  has  an  average  of  over  20  years  of 
insurance experience. In addition, our operating units have strong management teams, with an average of 
more than 20 years of insurance industry experience for the heads of our operating units and an average of 
more  than  15  years  of  underwriting  experience  for  our  underwriters.  Our  management  has  significant 
experience  in  all  aspects  of  property/casualty  insurance,  including  underwriting,  claims  management, 
actuarial analysis, reinsurance and regulatory compliance. In addition, Hallmark’s senior management has a 
strong track record of acquiring businesses that expand our product offerings and improve our profitability 
profile.  

Our Strategy 

We strive to become a “Best in Class” specialty insurance company offering products in specialty and niche markets through 
the following strategies: 

• 

• 

• 

Focusing  on  underwriting  discipline  and  operational  efficiency.  We  seek  to  consistently  generate  an 
underwriting profit on the business we write in hard and soft markets. Our operating units have a strong track 
record of underwriting discipline and operational efficiency, which we seek to continue. We believe that in 
soft markets our competitors often offer policies at a low or negative underwriting profit in order to maintain 
or  increase  their  premium  volume  and  market  share.  In  contrast,  we  seek  to  write  business  based  on  its 
profitability rather than focusing solely on premium production. To that end, we provide financial incentives 
to many of our underwriters and independent agents based on underwriting profitability.  

Achieving organic growth in our existing business lines. We believe we can achieve organic growth in our 
existing business lines by consistently providing our insurance products through market cycles, expanding 
geographically, expanding our product offerings, expanding our agency relationships and further penetrating 
our existing customer base. We believe our extensive market knowledge and strong agency relationships 
position us to compete effectively in our various specialty and niche markets. We also believe there is a 
significant opportunity to expand some of our existing business lines into new geographical areas and through 
new  agency  relationships  while  maintaining  our  underwriting  discipline  and  operational  efficiency.  In 
addition, we believe there is an opportunity for some of our operating units to further penetrate their existing 
customer bases with additional products offered by other operating units.  

Pursuing selected, opportunistic acquisitions. We seek to opportunistically acquire insurance organizations 
that operate in specialty or niche property/casualty insurance markets that are complementary to our existing 
operations. We seek to acquire companies with experienced management teams, stable loss results and strong 
track  records  of  underwriting  profitability  and  operational  efficiency.  Where  appropriate,  we  intend  to 
ultimately retain profitable business produced by the acquired companies that would otherwise be retained by 
unaffiliated insurers. Our management has significant experience in evaluating potential acquisition targets, 
structuring transactions to ensure continued success and integrating acquired companies into our operational 
structure. 

14 

 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
•  Maintaining a strong balance sheet. We seek to maintain a strong balance sheet by employing conservative 
investment, reinsurance and reserving practices and to measure our performance based on long-term growth 
in book value per share.  

Distribution 

We market our property/casualty insurance products predominately through independent general agents, retail agents and 
specialty brokers. Therefore, our relationships with independent agents and brokers are critical to our ability to identify, 
attract and retain profitable business. Each of our operating units has developed its own tailored approach to establishing 
and maintaining its relationships with these independent distributors of our products. These strategies focus on providing 
excellent service to our agents and brokers, maintaining a consistent presence in our target niche and specialty markets 
through hard and soft market cycles and fairly compensating the agents and brokers who market our products. Our operating 
units also regularly evaluate independent general and retail agents based on the underwriting profitability of the business 
they produce and their performance in relation to our objectives. 

Except for the products of our Specialty Commercial operating unit, the distribution of property/casualty insurance products 
by  our  operating  units  is  geographically  concentrated.  For  the  twelve  months  ended  December  31,  2017,  five  states 
accounted for approximately 56% of the gross premiums written by our insurance company subsidiaries. The following 
table reflects the geographic distribution of our insured risks, as represented by direct and assumed premiums written by 
our business segments for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017. 

State 

Texas 
California 
Arizona 

Oklahoma 

Oregon 
All other states 

  $ 

Specialty 
Commercial 
Segment 

Standard 
Commercial 
Segment 

Personal 
Segment 

Total 

Percent of 
Total 

 207,611    $ 
 36,738   
 2,816   

 14,007   

 2,602   
 200,940   

(dollars in thousands) 

 19,173    $ 

 11,980    $ 

 -  
 -  

 -  

 16,908   
 42,147   

 -  
 22,172   

 6,967   

 -  
 20,095   

 238,764   
 36,738   
 24,988   

 20,974   

 19,510   
 263,182   

39.5% 
6.1% 
4.1% 

3.5% 

3.2% 
43.6% 

Total gross premiums written 

  $ 

 464,714    $ 

 78,228    $ 

 61,214    $ 

 604,156   

Percent of total 

Underwriting 

76.9%  

13.0%  

10.1%  

100.0%  

The underwriting process employed by our operating units involves securing an adequate level of underwriting information, 
identifying and evaluating risk exposures and then pricing the risks we choose to accept. Each of our operating units offering 
commercial, healthcare professional, aviation or public entity insurance products employs its own underwriters with in-
depth  knowledge  of  the  specific  niche  and  specialty  markets  targeted  by  that  operating  unit.  We  employ  a  disciplined 
underwriting approach that seeks to provide policies appropriately tailored to the specified risks and to adopt price structures 
that  will  be  supported  in  the  applicable  market.  Our  experienced  commercial,  healthcare  professional  and  aviation 
underwriters have developed underwriting principles and processes appropriate to the coverages offered by their respective 
operating units. 

We believe that managing the underwriting process through our operating units capitalizes on the knowledge and expertise 
of their personnel in specific markets and results in better underwriting decisions. All of our underwriters have established 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
limits of underwriting authority based on their level of experience. We also provide financial incentives to many of our 
underwriters based on underwriting profitability. 

To better diversify our revenue sources and manage our risk, we seek to maintain an appropriate business mix among our 
operating units. At the beginning of each year, we establish a target net loss ratio for each operating unit. We then monitor 
the actual net loss ratio on a monthly basis. If any line of business fails to meet its target net loss ratio, we seek input from 
our  underwriting,  actuarial  and  claims  management  personnel  to  develop  a  corrective  action  plan.  Depending  on  the 
particular  circumstances, that  plan  may  involve  tightening  underwriting  guidelines,  increasing  rates,  modifying  product 
structure, re-evaluating independent agency relationships or discontinuing unprofitable coverages or classes of risk. 

An  insurance  company’s  underwriting  performance  is  traditionally  measured  by  its  statutory  loss  and  loss  adjustment 
expense ratio, its statutory expense ratio and its statutory combined ratio. The statutory loss and loss adjustment expense 
ratio, which is calculated as the ratio of net losses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) incurred to net premiums earned, 
helps to assess the adequacy of the insurer’s rates, the propriety of its underwriting guidelines and the performance of its 
claims department. The statutory expense ratio, which is calculated as the ratio of underwriting and operating expenses to 
net  premiums  written,  assists  in  measuring  the  insurer’s  cost  of  processing  and  managing  the  business.  The  statutory 
combined ratio, which is the sum of the statutory loss and LAE ratio and the statutory expense ratio, is indicative of the 
overall profitability of an insurer’s underwriting activities, with a combined ratio of less than 100% indicating profitable 
underwriting results. 

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, (i) our gross premiums written (in thousands); and (ii) our underwriting 
results as measured by the net statutory loss and LAE ratio, the net statutory expense ratio, and the net statutory combined 
ratio of our insurance company subsidiaries.  

2017 

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 

2015 

Gross premiums written 

  $ 

 604,156    $ 

 549,077    $ 

 514,223  

Net statutory loss & LAE ratio 
Net statutory expense ratio 
Net statutory combined ratio 

79.1%  
27.0%  
106.1%  

71.2%  
29.4%  
100.6%  

65.4% 
30.6% 
96.0% 

These statutory ratios do not reflect the deferral of policy acquisition costs, investment income, premium finance revenues, 
or the elimination of inter-company transactions required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). 

The premium-to-surplus percentage measures the relationship between net premiums written in a given period (premiums 
written,  less  returned  premiums  and  reinsurance  ceded  to  other  carriers)  to  policyholders  surplus  (admitted  assets  less 
liabilities),  determined  on  the  basis  of  statutory  accounting  practices  prescribed  or  permitted  by  insurance  regulatory 
authorities. State insurance department regulators expect insurance companies to maintain a premium-to-surplus percentage 
of not more than 300%. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, our consolidated premium-to-surplus ratios 
were 157%, 146% and 144%, respectively. 

Claims Management and Administration 

We believe that effective claims management is critical to our success and that our claims management process is cost-
effective, delivers the appropriate level of claims service and produces superior claims results. Our claims management 
philosophy emphasizes the delivery of courteous, prompt and effective claims handling and embraces responsiveness to 
policyholders and agents. Our claims strategy focuses on thorough investigation, timely evaluation and fair settlement of 
covered  claims  while  consistently  maintaining  appropriate  case  reserves.  We  seek  to  compress  the  cycle  time  of  claim 
resolution in order to control both loss and claim handling cost. We also strive to control legal expenses by negotiating 
competitive rates with defense counsel and vendors, establishing litigation budgets and monitoring invoices. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Each of our operating units maintains its own dedicated staff of specialized claims personnel to manage and administer 
claims arising under policies produced through their respective operations. The claims process is managed centrally through 
a  combination  of  experienced  claims  managers,  seasoned  claims  supervisors,  trained  staff  adjusters  and  independent 
adjustment or appraisal services, when appropriate. All adjusters are licensed in those jurisdictions for which they handle 
claims that require licensing. Limits on settlement authority are established for each claims supervisor and staff adjuster 
based on their level of experience. Certain independent adjusters have limited authority to settle claims. Claim exposures 
are periodically and systematically reviewed by claim supervisors and managers as a method of quality and loss control. 
Large  loss  exposures  are  reviewed  at  least  quarterly  with  senior  management  of  the  operating  unit  and  monitored  by 
Hallmark senior management. 

Claims personnel receive in-house training and are required to attend various continuing education courses pertaining to 
topics such as best practices, fraud awareness, legal environment, legislative changes and litigation management. Depending 
on the criteria of each operating unit, our claims adjusters are assigned a variety of claims to enhance their knowledge and 
ensure their continued development in efficiently handling claims. As of December 31, 2017, we had a total of 87 claims 
managers, supervisors and adjusters with an average experience of approximately 15 years. 

Analysis of Losses and LAE 

Our consolidated financial statements include an estimated reserve for unpaid losses and LAE. We estimate our reserve for 
unpaid losses and LAE by using case-basis evaluations and statistical projections, which include inferences from both losses 
paid and losses incurred. We also use recent historical cost data and periodic reviews of underwriting standards and claims 
management practices to modify the statistical projections. We give consideration to the impact of inflation in determining 
our loss reserves, but do not discount reserve balances. 

The amount of reserves represents our estimate of the ultimate cost of all unpaid losses and LAE incurred. These estimates 
are subject to the effect of trends in claim severity and frequency. We regularly review the estimates and adjust them as 
claims experience develops and new information becomes known. Such adjustments are included in current operations, 
including increases and decreases, net of reinsurance, in the estimate of ultimate liabilities for insured events of prior years. 

Changes in loss development patterns and claim payments can significantly affect the ability of insurers to estimate reserves 
for unpaid losses and related expenses. We seek to continually improve our loss estimation process by refining our ability 
to analyze loss development patterns, claim payments and other information within a legal and regulatory environment that 
affects development of ultimate liabilities. Future changes in estimates of claim costs may adversely affect future period 
operating results. However, such effects cannot be reasonably estimated currently. 

Additional information relating to our loss reserve development is included under Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations,”  and  Note  6,  “Reserves  for  Losses  and  Loss  Adjustment 
Expenses,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Reinsurance  

We reinsure a portion of the risk we underwrite in order to control the exposure to losses and to protect capital resources. 
We cede to reinsurers a portion of these risks and pay premiums based upon the risk and exposure of the policies subject to 
such  reinsurance.  Ceded reinsurance involves credit risk  and  is  generally  subject to aggregate  loss  limits. Although the 
reinsurer is liable to us to the extent of the reinsurance ceded, we are ultimately liable as the direct insurer on all risks 
reinsured.  Reinsurance  recoverables  are  reported  after  allowances  for  uncollectible  amounts.  We  monitor  the  financial 
condition of reinsurers on an ongoing basis and review our reinsurance arrangements periodically. Reinsurers are selected 
based on their financial condition, business practices and the price of their product offerings. In order to mitigate credit risk 
to reinsurance companies, most of our reinsurance recoverable balance as of December 31, 2017 was with reinsurers that 
had an A.M. Best rating of “A–” or better. We also mitigate our credit risk for the remaining reinsurance recoverable by 
obtaining letters of credit. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents our gross and net premiums written and earned and reinsurance recoveries for each of the last 
three years (in thousands). 

2017 

Year Ended December 31 
2016 

2015 

 604,156    $ 
 (238,573)    

 549,077    $ 
 (187,248)    

 514,223  
 (157,279) 

 365,583    $ 

 361,829    $ 

 356,944  

 568,769    $ 

 (207,732)    

 524,229    $ 

 (170,859)    

 494,643  

 (145,562) 

 361,037    $ 

 353,370    $ 

 349,081  

 144,948    $ 

 116,057    $ 

 89,892  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Gross premiums written 
Ceded premiums written 

Net premiums written 

Gross premiums earned 

Ceded premiums earned 

Net premiums earned 

Reinsurance recoveries 

Investment Portfolio 

Our investment objective is to maximize current yield while maintaining safety of capital together with sufficient liquidity 
for ongoing insurance operations. Our investment portfolio is composed of fixed-income securities, equity securities and 
other investments. As of December 31, 2017, we had total invested assets of $661.3 million. If market rates were to increase 
by 1%, the fair value of our fixed-income securities as of December 31, 2017 would decrease by approximately $9.6 million. 
The following table shows the fair values of various categories of fixed-income securities, the percentage of the total fair 
value of our invested assets represented by each category and the tax equivalent book yield of each category of invested 
assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

As of December 31, 2017 

As of December 31, 2016 

Fair 
Value 

  Percent of 
Total 

Yield 

Fair 
Value 

  Percent of 
  Total 

Yield 

(in thousands) 

(in thousands) 

 279,073    

46.1%    

2.5%   $ 

 226,062    

37.8%    

3.0% 

 125,937    
 134,256    

20.8%    
22.2%    

3.9%  
2.9%  

 106,009    
 163,895    

17.8%    
27.4%    

3.5% 
4.4% 

 49,947    

 16,533    

8.2%    

2.7%    

1.8%  

2.6%  

 42,022    

 59,469    

7.0%    

10.0%    

1.2% 

2.4% 

Category: 

Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank    
  loans 
Municipal bonds 

  $ 

US Treasury securities and  
  obligations of U.S.  
  Government 

Mortgage backed 

Total 

  $ 

 605,746    

100.0%    

2.9%   $ 

 597,457    

100.0%    

3.3% 

18 

 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
The weighted average credit rating for our fixed-income portfolio was BBB+ at December 31, 2017. The following table 
shows the distribution of our fixed-income portfolio by rating as a percentage of total fair value as of December 31, 2017 
and 2016: 

As of 
December 31, 2017 

As of 
December 31, 2016 

Rating: 
"AAA" 
"AA" 
"A" 
"BBB" 
"BB" 
"B" 
"CCC" 
"CC" 
"D" 
"NR" 
Total 

4.3%  
20.3%  
8.4%  
46.3%  
15.0%  
1.3%  
0.1%  
0.0%  
0.7%  
3.6%  
100.0%  

9.5% 
22.4% 
7.4% 
39.8% 
12.6% 
0.9% 
0.1% 
1.6% 
0.0% 
5.7% 
100.0% 

The following table shows the composition of our fixed-income portfolio by remaining time to maturity as of December 31, 
2017 and 2016. 

As of December 31, 2017 

As of December 31, 2016 

  Percentage of 

Total 
Fair Value 

Fair Value 
(in thousands) 

Fair Value 

(in thousands) 

  Percentage of 

Total 
Fair Value 

Remaining time to maturity: 

Less than one year 
One to five years 
Five to ten years 
More than ten years 
Mortgage-backed 

 $ 

 116,060   
 308,829   
 124,168   
 40,156   
 16,533   

19.2%   $ 
51.0%    
20.5%    
6.6%    
2.7%    

 97,849   
 272,168   
 115,248   
 52,723   
 59,469   

16.4% 
45.5% 
19.3% 
8.8% 
10.0% 

Total 

 $ 

 605,746   

100.0%   $ 

 597,457   

100.0% 

Our investment strategy is to conservatively manage our investment portfolio by investing primarily in readily marketable, 
investment-grade, fixed-income securities. As of December 31, 2017, 8% of our investment portfolio was invested in equity 
securities. Our investment portfolio is managed internally. We regularly review our portfolio for declines in value. For fixed 
maturity investments that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be 
required to sell, we separate the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and 
the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the 
investment’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows. The remaining difference between 
the investment’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is recognized in other comprehensive income.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
  
 
  
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
The following table details the net unrealized gain balance by invested asset category as of December 31, 2017. 

Category 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 
Equity securities 
Other investments 

Total 

  Net Unrealized Gain Balance 

(in thousands) 

  $ 

  $ 

 (141) 
 462  
 401  
 204  
 (179) 
 21,510  
 61  
 22,318  

As part of our overall investment strategy, we also maintain an integrated cash management system utilizing on-line banking 
services and daily overnight investment accounts to maximize investment earnings on all available cash. 

Technology  

The majority of our technology systems are based on products licensed from insurance-specific technology vendors that 
have  been  substantially  customized  to  meet  the  unique  needs  of  our  various  operating  units.  Our  technology  systems 
primarily  consist  of  integrated  central  processing  computers,  a  series  of  server-based  computer  networks  and 
communications systems that allow our various operations to share systems solutions and communicate to the corporate 
office in a timely, secure and consistent manner. We maintain backup facilities and systems through a contract with a leading 
provider of computer disaster recovery services. Each operating unit bears the information services expenses specific to its 
operations as well as a portion of the corporate services expenses. Increases to vendor license and service fees are capped 
per annum. 

We believe the implementation of our various technology systems has increased our efficiency in the processing of our 
business, resulting in lower operating costs. Additionally, our systems enable us to provide a high level of service to our 
agents and policyholders by processing our business in a timely and efficient manner, communicating and sharing data with 
our agents and providing a variety of methods for the payment of premiums. We believe these systems have also improved 
the accumulation and analysis of information for our management. 

Our business is highly dependent upon the successful and uninterrupted functioning of our information technology systems. 
Publicly reported cybersecurity intrusions have increased recently and the insurance sector as a whole is more exposed than 
in the past. Cybersecurity threats extend from individual attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information technology 
systems through coordinated, elaborate and targeted activity. We retain highly trained staff committed to the development 
and  maintenance  of  our  information  technology  systems.  We  maintain  and  regularly  review  recovery  plans  which  are 
intended  to  enable  us  to  restore  critical  systems  with  minimal  disruption.  We  have  established  an  information  security 
committee to oversee and steer risk management plans to manage these exposures on an ongoing basis. We also employ 
comprehensive employee engagement and training programs to guard against the potential for malicious attempts to extort 
sensitive information from our systems using social engineering techniques (also known as “phishing”) and have increased 
our cyber liability insurance to seek to minimize our post-event financial impacts. 

We  recognize  the  potential  for  new  risks  arising  alongside  the  benefits  we  derive  from  technological  and  digital 
development.  We  employ  technological  security  measures  to  prevent,  detect  and  mitigate  such  threats,  including 
independent  and  in-house  vulnerability  assessments,  access  controls,  data  encryption,  continuous  monitoring  of  our 
information  technology  networks  and  systems  and  maintenance  of  backup  and  protective  systems.  Nonetheless,  the 
infrastructure may be vulnerable to security incidents which could result in the disruption of business operations and the 
corruption, unavailability, misappropriation or destruction of critical data and confidential information (both our own and 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of third parties). The compromise of personal and confidential information could lead to legal liability or regulatory action 
under evolving cybersecurity, data protection and privacy laws and regulations enacted in the various jurisdictions in which 
we operate. In this respect on March 1, 2017, new cybersecurity rules were implemented by the New York Department of 
Financial  Services  (the  “NYS  Cybersecurity  Regulation”).  These  NYS  Cybersecurity  Regulations  impose  additional 
regulatory  requirements  that  seek  to  protect  confidentiality,  integrity  and  availability  of  information  systems.  We  also 
anticipate additional NAIC regulations as a result of the Insurance Data Security Model Law which will require insurers to 
meet  state requirements  beyond  those  imposed  by  New  York.  The  implementation  of  these  various  regulations  impose 
additional compliance obligations which have necessitated ongoing review of our policies and procedures. 

Ratings 

Many insurance buyers, agents and brokers use the ratings assigned by A.M. Best and other rating agencies to assist them 
in  assessing  the  financial  strength  and  overall  quality  of  the  companies  from  which  they  are  considering  purchasing 
insurance. A.M. Best has pooled its ratings of our AHIC, HIC, HSIC and HNIC subsidiaries and assigned a financial strength 
rating of “A-” (Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of “a-” to each of these individual insurance company subsidiaries and 
to the pool formed by the four insurance company subsidiaries. A.M. Best has also assigned a financial strength rating of 
“A-” (Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of “a-” to HCM. A.M. Best does not assign a financial strength rating or an 
issuer credit rating to TBIC. An “A–” rating is the fourth highest of 15 rating categories used by A.M. Best. In evaluating 
an insurer’s financial and operating performance, A.M. Best reviews the company’s profitability, indebtedness and liquidity, 
as well as its book of business, the adequacy and soundness of its reinsurance, the quality and estimated fair value of its 
assets, the adequacy of its loss reserves, the adequacy of its surplus, its capital structure, the experience and competence of 
its management and its market presence. A.M. Best’s ratings reflect its opinion of an insurer’s financial strength, operating 
performance  and  ability  to  meet  its  obligations  to  policyholders  and  are  not  an  evaluation  directed  at  investors  or 
recommendations to buy, sell or hold an insurer’s stock. 

Competition 

The property/casualty insurance market, our primary source of revenue, is highly competitive and, except for regulatory 
considerations,  has  very  few  barriers  to  entry.  According  to  A.M.  Best,  there  were  3,008  property/casualty  insurance 
companies  and  2,050  property/casualty  insurance  groups  operating  in  North  America  as of July  12,  2017.  The  primary 
competition for our Contract Binding operating unit includes such carriers as American Millennium Insurance Company, 
Canal Insurance Company, Commercial Alliance Insurance Company, National Casualty Company, National Liability & 
Fire Insurance Company, Northland Insurance Company, Progressive County Mutual, State National Insurance Company, 
Prime Insurance Company, and Underwriters at Lloyds of London.  Our Specialty Commercial operating unit considers its 
primary competition for our excess, umbrella and general liability insurance products to include such carriers as American 
International  Group,  Inc.,  First  Mercury  Insurance  Company,  Axis  Insurance  Company,  XL  Specialty  Insurance, 
Navigators,  and W.R.  Berkley  Corporation  and, to  a  lesser  extent,  a  number  of  national standard  lines  carriers  such  as 
Travelers Companies, Inc. and Liberty Mutual Group. The primary competitors for our general aviation insurance products 
produced  by  our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  are  Old  Republic  Aviation  Managers,  Starr  Aviation,  American 
International  Group,  Inc.,  United  States  Specialty  Insurance  Company,  W.  Brown  &  Company,  United  States  Aircraft 
Insurance Group, Global Aerospace and Allianz Aviation Managers. The primary competition for the medical professional 
liability  insurance  products  produced  by  our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  includes  such  carriers  as  Admiral 
Insurance Company, Catlin Insurance Company, CNA Financial Corporation, Evanston Insurance Company, Iron Health, 
Kinsale  Insurance  Company,  Lexington  Insurance  Company,  Medical  Protective  Insurance  Company,  One  Beacon 
Insurance Group, ProAssurance Corporation, RSUI Group and TDC Companies. The primary competition for the financial 
professional  liability  insurance  products  produced  by  our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit  are  Admiral  Insurance 
Company, American International Group Companies, Argonaut Insurance Company, Berkley Insurance Company, CNA 
Financial Corporation, Evanston Insurance Company, Kinsale Insurance Company, RSUI Group and XL Catlin Insurance 
Company. The primary competition for our primary/excess commercial property insurance products includes such carriers 
as Chubb Westchester, Aspen Insurance, Axis Insurance Company, Endurance Specialty Holdings, Ltd., Liberty Insurance 
Underwriters and Markel Insurance Company. Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit competes with a variety of 
large  national  standard  commercial  lines  carriers  such  as  Liberty  Mutual  Group,  Travelers  Companies,  Inc.,  Cincinnati 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
Financial  Corporation  and  The  Hartford  Financial  Services  Group,  as  well  as  numerous  smaller  regional  companies. 
Although our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit competes with large national insurers such as Allstate Corporation, 
GEICO  Corporation  and  Progressive  Insurance  Company,  as  a  participant  in  the  non-standard  personal  automobile 
marketplace its competition is most directly associated with numerous regional companies and managing general agencies. 
Our competitors include entities that have, or are affiliated with entities that have, greater financial and other resources than 
we have.  Generally, we compete on price, customer service, coverages offered, claims handling, financial stability, agent 
commission and support, customer recognition and geographic coverage. We compete with companies who use independent 
agents, captive agent networks, direct marketing channels or a combination thereof. 

Insurance Regulation 

AHIC,  HCM  and  TBIC  are  domiciled  in  Texas,  HIC  and  HNIC  are  domiciled  in  Arizona  and  HSIC  is  domiciled  in 
Oklahoma.  Therefore,  our  insurance  operations  are  regulated  by  the  Texas  Department  of  Insurance,  the  Arizona 
Department of Insurance and the Oklahoma Insurance Department, as well as the applicable insurance department of each 
state in which we issue policies. Our insurance company subsidiaries are required to file quarterly and annual statements of 
their financial condition prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices with the insurance departments of their 
respective  states  of  domicile  and  the  applicable  insurance  department  of  each  state  in  which  they  write  business.  The 
financial  conditions  of  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries,  including  the  adequacy  of  surplus,  loss  reserves  and 
investments, are subject to review by the insurance department of their respective states of domicile. 

Periodic financial and market conduct examinations. The insurance departments of the states of domicile for our insurance 
company subsidiaries have broad authority to enforce insurance laws and regulations through examinations, administrative 
orders, civil and criminal enforcement proceedings, and suspension or revocation of an insurer’s certificate of authority or 
an agent’s license. The state insurance departments that have jurisdiction over our insurance  company subsidiaries may 
conduct on-site visits and examinations of the insurance companies' affairs, especially as to their financial condition, ability 
to fulfill their obligations to policyholders, market conduct, claims practices and compliance with other laws and applicable 
regulations. Typically, these examinations are conducted every three to five years. In addition, if circumstances dictate, 
regulators are authorized to conduct special or target examinations of insurance companies to address particular concerns 
or issues. The results of these examinations can give rise to injunctive relief, regulatory orders requiring remedial or other 
corrective action on the part of the company that is the subject of the examination, assessment of fines, or other penalties 
against that company. In extreme cases, including actual or pending insolvency, the insurance department may take over, 
or appoint a receiver to take over, the management or operations of an insurer or an agent’s business or assets. 

Guaranty funds. All insurance companies are subject to assessments for state-administered funds that cover the claims and 
expenses of insolvent or impaired insurers. The size of the assessment is determined each year by the total claims on the 
fund that year. Each insurer is assessed a pro rata share based on its direct premiums written in that state. Payments to the 
fund may generally be recovered by the insurer through deductions from its premium taxes over a specified period of years. 

Transactions  between  insurance  companies  and  their  affiliates.  Hallmark  is  also  regulated  as  an  insurance  holding 
company  by  the  Texas  Department  of  Insurance,  the  Arizona  Department  of  Insurance  and  the  Oklahoma  Insurance 
Department. Financial transactions between Hallmark or any of its affiliates and our insurance company subsidiaries are 
subject  to  regulation.  Transactions  between  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  and  their  affiliates  generally  must  be 
disclosed  to  state  regulators,  and  prior  regulatory  approval  generally  is  required  before  any  material  or  extraordinary 
transaction may be consummated or any management agreement, services agreement, expense sharing arrangement or other 
contract providing for the rendering of services on a regular, systematic basis is implemented. State regulators may refuse 
to approve or may delay approval of such a transaction, which may impact our ability to innovate or operate efficiently. 

Dividends. Dividends and distributions to Hallmark by our insurance company subsidiaries are restricted by the insurance 
regulations of the respective state in which each insurance company subsidiary is domiciled. As property/casualty insurance 
companies domiciled in the state of Texas, AHIC and TBIC may only pay dividends from unassigned surplus funds. In 
addition,  AHIC  and  TBIC  must  obtain  the  approval  of  the  Texas  Department  of  Insurance  before  the  payment  of 
extraordinary dividends, which are defined as dividends or distributions of cash or other property the fair market value of 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
which combined with the fair market value of each other dividend or distribution made in the preceding 12 months exceeds 
the greater of: (1) statutory net income as of the prior December 31 or (2) 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the 
prior December 31. HIC and HNIC, both domiciled in Arizona, may pay dividends out of that part of their available surplus 
funds that is derived from realized net profits on their business. Without prior written approval from the Arizona Department 
of Insurance, HIC and HNIC may not pay extraordinary dividends, which are defined as dividends or distributions of cash 
or other property the fair market value of which combined with the fair market value of each other dividend or distribution 
made in the preceding 12 months exceeds the lesser of: (1) 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the prior December 
31 or (2) net investment income as of the prior December 31. HSIC, domiciled in Oklahoma, may only pay dividends out 
of that part of its available surplus funds that is derived from realized net profits on its business. Without prior written 
approval  from  the  Oklahoma  Insurance  Department,  HSIC  may  not  pay  extraordinary  dividends,  which  are  defined  as 
dividends or distributions of cash or other property the fair market value of which combined with the fair market value of 
each  other  dividend  or  distribution  made  in  the  preceding  12  months  exceeds  the  greater  of:  (1)  10%  of  statutory 
policyholders’ surplus as of the prior December 31 or (2) statutory net income as of the prior December 31, not including 
realized capital gains. As a county mutual, dividends from HCM are payable to policyholders. 

Risk-based capital requirements. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners requires property/casualty insurers 
to file a risk-based capital calculation according to a specified formula. The purpose of the formula is twofold: (1) to assess 
the adequacy of an insurer’s statutory capital and surplus based upon a variety of factors such as potential risks related to 
investment portfolio, ceded reinsurance and product mix; and (2) to assist state regulators under the RBC for Insurers Model 
Act  by  providing  thresholds  at  which  a  state  commissioner  is  authorized  and  expected  to take  regulatory  action.  As  of 
December  31,  2017,  the  adjusted  capital  under  the  risk-based  capital  calculation  of  each  of  our  insurance  company 
subsidiaries substantially exceeded the minimum requirements. 

Required  licensing.  Our  non-insurance  company  subsidiaries  are  subject  to  and  in  compliance  with  the  licensing 
requirements of the department of insurance in each state in which they produce business. These licenses govern, among 
other things, the types of insurance coverages, agency and claims services and products that we may offer consumers in 
these states. Such licenses typically are issued only after we file an appropriate application and satisfy prescribed criteria. 
Generally, each state requires one officer to maintain an agent license. Claims adjusters employed by us are also subject to 
the licensing requirements of each state in which they conduct business. Each employed claim adjuster either holds or has 
applied for the required licenses. Our premium finance subsidiaries are subject to licensing, financial reporting and certain 
financial requirements imposed by the Texas Department of Insurance, as well as regulations promulgated by the Texas 
Office of Consumer Credit Commissioner. 

Regulation of insurance rates and approval of policy forms. The insurance laws of most states in which our subsidiaries 
operate require insurance companies to file insurance rate schedules and insurance policy forms for review and approval. 
State insurance regulators have broad discretion in judging whether our rates are adequate, not excessive and not unfairly 
discriminatory and whether our policy forms comply with law. The speed at which we can change our rates depends, in 
part, on the method by which the applicable state’s rating laws are administered. Generally, state insurance regulators have 
the authority to disapprove our rates or request changes in our rates. 

Restrictions on cancellation, non-renewal or withdrawal. Many states have laws and regulations that limit an insurance 
company’s ability to exit a market. For example, certain states limit an automobile insurance company’s ability to cancel or 
not renew policies. Some states prohibit an insurance company from withdrawing from one or more lines of business in the 
state,  except  pursuant  to  a  plan  approved  by  the  state  insurance  department.  In  some  states,  this  applies  to  significant 
reductions  in  the  amount  of  insurance  written,  not  just  to  a  complete  withdrawal.  State  insurance  departments  may 
disapprove a plan that may lead to market disruption. 

Investment restrictions. We are subject to state laws and regulations that require diversification of our investment portfolios 
and that limit the amount of investments in certain categories. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations would 
cause non-conforming investments to be treated as non-admitted assets for purposes of measuring statutory surplus and, in 
some instances, would require divestiture. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade practices. The manner in which we conduct the business of insurance is regulated by state statutes in an effort to 
prohibit practices that constitute unfair methods of competition or unfair or deceptive acts or practices. Prohibited practices 
include disseminating false information or advertising; defamation; boycotting, coercion and intimidation; false statements 
or  entries;  unfair  discrimination; rebating;  improper tie-ins  with lenders  and  the extension  of  credit;  failure  to  maintain 
proper records; failure to maintain proper complaint handling procedures; and making false statements in connection with 
insurance applications for the purpose of obtaining a fee, commission or other benefit. 

Unfair  claims  practices.  Generally,  insurance  companies,  adjusting  companies  and  individual  claims  adjusters  are 
prohibited by state statutes from engaging in unfair claims practices on a flagrant basis or with such frequency to indicate a 
general business practice. Examples of unfair claims practices include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

misrepresenting pertinent facts or insurance policy provisions relating to coverages at issue; 

failing to acknowledge and act reasonably promptly upon communications with respect to claims arising 
under insurance policies; 

failing  to  adopt  and  implement  reasonable  standards  for  the  prompt  investigation  and  settlement  of 
claims arising under insurance policies; 

failing to affirm or deny coverage of claims within a reasonable time after proof of loss statements have 
been completed; 

attempting to settle a claim for less than the amount to which a reasonable person would have believed 
such person was entitled; 

attempting to settle claims on the basis of an application that was altered without notice to, or knowledge 
and consent of, the insured; 

compelling insureds to institute suits to recover amounts due under policies by offering substantially 
less than the amounts ultimately recovered in suits brought by them; 

refusing to pay claims without conducting a reasonable investigation; 

making claim payments to an insured without indicating the coverage under which each payment is 
being made; 

delaying the investigation or payment of claims by requiring an insured, claimant or the physician of 
either to submit a preliminary claim report and then requiring the subsequent submission of formal proof 
of loss forms, both of which submissions contain substantially the same information; 

failing,  in  the  case  of  claim  denials  or  offers  of  compromise  or  settlement,  to  promptly  provide  a 
reasonable and accurate explanation of the basis for such actions; and 

not  attempting  in  good  faith  to  effectuate  prompt,  fair  and  equitable  settlements  of  claims  in  which 
liability has become reasonably clear.  

Employees 

As of December 31, 2017, we employed 418 people on a full-time basis. None of our employees are represented by labor 
unions. We consider our employee relations to be good. 

24 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available Information  

The Company’s executive offices are located at 777 Main Street, Suite 1000 Fort Worth, Texas 76102. The Company’s 
mailing address is 777 Main Street, Suite 1000 Fort Worth, Texas 76102. Its telephone number is (817) 348-1600. The 
Company’s  website  address  is  www.hallmarkgrp.com.  The  Company  files  annual,  quarterly  and  current  reports,  proxy 
statements and other information and documents with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which 
are made available to read and copy at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. 
You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by contacting the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. 
Reports filed with the SEC are also made available at www.sec.gov. The Company makes available free of charge on its 
website its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to 
those reports filed with or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as 
soon as reasonably practical after it electronically files them with or furnishes them to the SEC. 

Item 1A. Risk Factors. 

Our success depends on our ability to price accurately the risks we underwrite.  

Our results of operations and financial condition depend on our ability to underwrite and set premium rates accurately for a 
wide variety of risks. Adequate rates are necessary to generate premiums sufficient to pay losses, loss settlement expenses 
and underwriting expenses and to earn a profit. To price our products accurately, we must collect and properly analyze a 
substantial amount of data; develop, test and apply appropriate pricing techniques; closely monitor and timely recognize 
changes in trends; and project both severity and frequency of losses with reasonable accuracy. Our ability to undertake these 
efforts successfully, and as a result price our products accurately, is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, some of 
which are outside our control, including:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

 the availability of sufficient reliable data and our ability to properly analyze available data; 

the uncertainties that inherently characterize estimates and assumptions; 

our selection and application of appropriate pricing techniques; and 

changes in applicable legal liability standards and in the civil litigation system generally. 

Consequently, we could underprice risks, which would adversely affect our profit margins, or we could overprice risks, 
which could reduce our sales volume and competitiveness. In either case, our profitability could be materially and adversely 
affected. 

Our results may fluctuate as a result of cyclical changes in the property/casualty insurance industry. 

Our  revenue  is  primarily  attributable  to  property/casualty  insurance,  which  as  an  industry  is  cyclical  in  nature  and  has 
historically been characterized by soft markets followed by hard markets. A soft market is a period of relatively high levels 
of price competition, less restrictive underwriting standards and generally low premium rates. A hard market is a period of 
capital shortages resulting in lack of insurance availability, relatively low levels of competition, more selective underwriting 
of risks and relatively high premium rates. If we find it necessary to reduce premiums or limit premium increases due to 
competitive pressures on pricing in a softening market, we may experience a reduction in our premiums written and in our 
profit margins and revenues, which could adversely affect our financial results. 

Estimating reserves is inherently uncertain. If our loss reserves are not adequate, it will have an unfavorable impact 
on our results. 

We maintain loss reserves to cover our estimated ultimate liability for unpaid losses and LAE for reported and unreported 
claims incurred as of the end of each accounting period. Reserves represent management’s estimates of what the ultimate 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
settlement and administration of claims will cost and are not reviewed by an independent actuary. These estimates, which 
generally involve actuarial projections, are based on management’s assessment of facts and circumstances then known, as 
well as estimates of future trends in claim severity and frequency, judicial theories of liability, and other factors. These 
variables are affected by both internal and external events, such as changes in claims handling procedures, inflation, judicial 
trends  and  legislative  changes.  Many  of  these  factors  are  not  quantifiable.  Additionally,  there  may  be  a  significant  lag 
between the occurrence of an event and the time it is reported to us. The inherent uncertainties of estimating reserves are 
greater for certain types of liabilities, particularly those in which the various considerations affecting the type of claim are 
subject  to  change  and  in  which  long  periods  of  time  may  elapse  before  a  definitive  determination  of  liability  is  made. 
Reserve estimates are continually refined in a regular and ongoing process as experience develops and further claims are 
reported and settled. Adjustments to reserves are reflected in the results of the periods in which such estimates are changed. 
For example, a 1% change in December 31, 2017 unpaid losses and LAE would have produced a $5.3 million change to 
pretax earnings. Our gross loss and LAE reserves totaled $527.1 million at December 31, 2017. Our loss and LAE reserves, 
net  of  reinsurance  recoverable  on  unpaid  loss  and  LAE,  were  $372.5  million  at  that  date.  Because  setting  reserves  is 
inherently uncertain, there can be no assurance that the current reserves will prove adequate. 

Our  failure  to  maintain  favorable  financial  strength  ratings  could  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  compete 
successfully. 

Third-party  rating  agencies  assess  and  rate  the  claims-paying  ability  of  insurers  based  upon  criteria  established  by  the 
agencies. AHIC, HIC, HSIC and HNIC have entered into a pooling arrangement, pursuant to which AHIC retains 34% of 
the net premiums written by any of them, HIC retains 32% of the net premiums written by any of them, HSIC retains 24% 
of the net premiums written by any of them and HNIC retains 10% of the net premiums written by any of them. A.M. Best 
has  pooled  its  ratings  of  these  four  insurance  company  subsidiaries  and  assigned  a  financial  strength  rating  of  “A–” 
(Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of “a-” to each of these individual insurance company subsidiaries and to the pool 
formed by these four insurance company subsidiaries. Also, A.M. Best has assigned HCM a financial strength rating of “A–
” (Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of “a-”. A.M. Best does not assign a financial strength rating or an issuer credit 
rating to TBIC. 

These financial strength ratings are used by policyholders, insurers, reinsurers and insurance and reinsurance intermediaries 
as an important means of assessing the financial strength and quality of insurers. These ratings are not evaluations directed 
to potential purchasers of our common stock and are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold our common stock. Our 
ratings are subject to change at any time and could be revised downward or revoked at the sole discretion of the rating 
agencies. We believe that the ratings assigned by A.M. Best are an important factor in marketing our products. Our ability 
to retain our existing business and to attract new business in our insurance operations depends largely on these ratings. Our 
failure to maintain our ratings, or any other adverse development with respect to our ratings, could cause our current and 
future independent agents and insureds to choose to transact their business with more highly rated competitors. If A.M. Best 
downgrades our ratings or publicly indicates that our ratings are under review, it is likely that we would not be able to 
compete as effectively with our competitors, and our ability to sell insurance policies could decline. If that happened, our 
sales and earnings would decrease. For example, many of our agencies and insureds have guidelines that require us to have 
an A.M. Best financial strength rating of “A-” (Excellent) or higher. A reduction of our A.M. Best rating below “A-” would 
prevent us from issuing policies to insureds or potential insureds with such ratings requirements. 

Lenders and reinsurers also use our A.M. Best ratings as a factor in deciding whether  to transact business with us. The 
failure  of  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  to  maintain  their  current  ratings  could  dissuade  a  lender  or  reinsurance 
company  from  conducting  business  with  us  or  might  increase  our  interest  or  reinsurance  costs.  In  addition,  a  ratings 
downgrade by A.M. Best below “A-” would require us to post collateral in support of our obligations under certain of our 
reinsurance agreements pursuant to which we assume business. 

The loss of key executives could disrupt our business. 

Our success will depend in part upon the continued service of certain key executives. Our success will also depend on our 
ability to attract and retain additional executives and personnel. The loss of key personnel, or our inability to recruit and 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
retain additional qualified personnel, could cause disruption in our business and could prevent us from fully implementing 
our business strategies, which could materially and adversely affect our business, growth and profitability. 

Our industry is very competitive, which may unfavorably impact our results of operations. 

The property/casualty insurance market, our primary source of revenue, is highly competitive and, except for regulatory 
considerations,  has  very  few  barriers  to  entry.  According  to  A.M.  Best,  there  were  3,008  property/casualty  insurance 
companies and 2,050 property/casualty insurance groups operating in North America as of July 12, 2017. Our competitors 
include entities that have, or are affiliated with entities that have, greater financial and other  resources than we have. In 
addition, competitors may attempt to increase market share by lowering rates. In that case, we could experience reductions 
in our underwriting margins, or sales of our insurance policies could decline as customers purchase lower-priced products 
from our competitors. Losing business to competitors offering similar products at lower prices, or having other competitive 
advantages, could adversely affect our results of operations. 

Our results may be unfavorably impacted if we are unable to obtain adequate reinsurance. 

As part of our overall risk and capacity management strategy, we purchase reinsurance for significant amounts of risk, 
especially  catastrophe  risks  that  we  and  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  underwrite.  Our  catastrophe  and  non-
catastrophe  reinsurance  facilities  are  generally  subject  to  annual  renewal.  We  may  be  unable  to  maintain  our  current 
reinsurance  facilities  or  to  obtain  other  reinsurance  facilities  in  adequate  amounts  and  at  favorable  rates.  The  amount, 
availability and cost of reinsurance are subject to prevailing market conditions beyond our control, and may affect our ability 
to write additional premiums as well as our profitability. If we are unable to obtain adequate reinsurance protection for the 
risks we have underwritten, we will either be exposed to greater losses from these risks or be required to reduce the level of 
business that we underwrite, which will reduce our revenue.  

If the companies that provide our reinsurance do not pay our claims in a timely manner, we could incur severe losses. 

We purchase reinsurance by transferring, or ceding, part of the risk we have assumed to a reinsurance company in exchange 
for part of the premium we receive in connection with the risk. Although reinsurance makes the reinsurer liable to us to the 
extent the risk is transferred or ceded to the reinsurer, it does not relieve us of our liability to our policyholders. Accordingly, 
we bear credit risk with respect to our reinsurers. We cannot assure that our reinsurers will pay all of our reinsurance claims, 
or that they will pay our claims on a timely basis. At December 31, 2017, we had a total of $295.2 million due us from 
reinsurers,  including  $182.9  million  of  recoverables  from  losses  and  $112.3  million  in  ceded  unearned  premiums.  The 
largest  amount  due  us  from  a  single  reinsurer  as  of  December  31,  2017  was  $55.5  million  reinsurance  and  premium 
recoverable from Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation. If any of our reinsurers are unable or unwilling to pay amounts 
they owe us in a timely fashion, we could suffer a significant loss or a shortage of liquidity, which would have a material 
adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

Catastrophic  losses  are  unpredictable  and may  adversely  affect  our results  of  operations,  liquidity  and  financial 
condition. 

Property/casualty insurance companies are subject to claims arising out of catastrophes that may have a significant effect 
on their results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. Catastrophes can  be caused by various events, including 
hurricanes, windstorms, earthquakes, hail storms, explosions, severe winter weather and fires, and may include man-made 
events, such as terrorist attacks. The incidence, frequency, and severity of catastrophes are inherently unpredictable. The 
extent of losses from a catastrophe is a function of both the total amount of insured exposure in the area affected by the 
event and the severity of the event. 

Claims from catastrophic events could reduce our net income, cause substantial volatility in our financial results for any 
fiscal quarter or year or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations. Catastrophes 
may also negatively affect our ability to write new business. Increases in the value and geographic concentration of insured 
property and the effects of inflation could increase the severity of claims from catastrophic events in the future. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Catastrophe models may not accurately predict future losses.  

Along with other insurers in the industry, we use models developed by third-party vendors in assessing our exposure to 
catastrophe  losses  that  assume  various  conditions  and  probability  scenarios.  However,  these  models  do  not  necessarily 
accurately  predict  future  losses  or  accurately  measure  losses  currently  incurred.  Catastrophe  models,  which  have  been 
evolving since the early 1990s, use historical information about various catastrophes and detailed information about our in-
force  business.  While  we use this information  in  connection  with  our  pricing  and  risk  management  activities, there are 
limitations with respect to their usefulness in predicting losses in any reporting period. Examples of these limitations are 
significant variations in estimates between models and modelers and material increases and decreases in model results due 
to  changes  and  refinements  of  the  underlying  data  elements  and  assumptions.  Such  limitations  lead  to  questionable 
predictive capability and post-event measurements that have not been well understood or proven to be sufficiently reliable. 
In addition, the models are not necessarily reflective of company or state-specific policy language, demand surge for labor 
and materials or loss settlement expenses, all of which are subject to wide variation by catastrophe. Because the occurrence 
and severity of catastrophes are inherently unpredictable and may vary significantly from year to year, historical results of 
operations may not be indicative of future results of operations. 

We are subject to comprehensive regulation, and our results may be unfavorably impacted by these regulations. 

We  are  subject  to  comprehensive  governmental  regulation  and  supervision.  Most  insurance regulations  are  designed  to 
protect the interests of policyholders rather than of the stockholders and other investors of the insurance companies. These 
regulations, generally administered by the department of insurance in each state in which we do business, relate to, among 
other things: 

• 

• 

• 

 • 

 • 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

approval of policy forms and rates; 

standards of solvency, including risk-based capital measurements, which are a measure developed by the 
National Association of Insurance Commissioners and used by the state insurance regulators to identify 
insurance companies that potentially are inadequately capitalized; 

licensing of insurers and their agents; 

restrictions on the nature, quality and concentration of investments; 

restrictions on the ability of insurance company subsidiaries to pay dividends; 

restrictions on transactions between insurance company subsidiaries and their affiliates; 

requiring certain methods of accounting; 

periodic examinations of operations and finances; 

the use of non-public consumer information and related privacy issues; 

the use of credit history in underwriting and rating; 

limitations on the ability to charge policy fees; 

the  acquisition  or  disposition  of  an  insurance  company  or  of  any  company  controlling  an  insurance 
company;  

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

involuntary assignments of high-risk policies, participation in reinsurance facilities and underwriting 
associations, assessments and other governmental charges; 

restrictions on the cancellation or non-renewal of policies and, in certain jurisdictions, withdrawal from 
writing certain lines of business; 

prescribing the form and content of records of financial condition to be filed; 

requiring reserves for unearned premium, losses and other purposes; and 

with respect to premium finance business, the federal Truth-in-Lending Act and similar state statutes. 
In states where specific statutes have not been enacted, premium finance is generally subject to state 
usury laws that are applicable to consumer loans.  

State insurance departments also conduct periodic examinations of the affairs of insurance companies and require filing of 
annual  and  other  reports  relating  to  the  financial  condition  of  insurance  companies,  holding  company  issues  and  other 
matters. Our business depends on compliance with applicable laws and regulations and our ability to maintain valid licenses 
and  approvals  for  our  operations.  Regulatory  authorities  may  deny  or  revoke  licenses  for  various  reasons,  including 
violations of regulations. Changes in the level of regulation of the insurance industry or changes in laws or regulations 
themselves or interpretations by regulatory authorities could have a material adverse affect on our operations. In addition, 
we could face individual, group and class-action lawsuits by our policyholders and others for alleged violations of certain 
state laws and regulations. Each of these regulatory risks could have an adverse effect on our profitability. 

State statutes limit the aggregate amount of dividends that our subsidiaries may pay Hallmark, thereby limiting its 
funds to pay expenses and dividends. 

Hallmark is a holding company and a legal entity separate and distinct from its subsidiaries. As a holding company without 
significant operations of its own, Hallmark’s principal sources of funds are dividends and other sources of funds from its 
subsidiaries.  State  insurance  laws  limit  the  ability  of  Hallmark’s  insurance  company  subsidiaries  to  pay  dividends  and 
require  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  to  maintain  specified  minimum  levels  of  statutory  capital  and  surplus.  The 
aggregate maximum amount of dividends permitted by law to be paid by an insurance company does not necessarily define 
an insurance company’s actual ability to pay dividends. The actual ability to pay dividends may be further constrained by 
business and regulatory considerations, such as the impact of dividends on surplus, by our competitive position and by the 
amount of premiums that we can write. Without regulatory approval, the aggregate maximum amount of dividends that 
could be paid to Hallmark in 2018 by our insurance company subsidiaries is $19.7 million. State insurance regulators have 
broad  discretion  to  limit  the  payment  of  dividends  by  insurance  companies  and  Hallmark’s  right  to  participate  in  any 
distribution  of  assets  of  any  one  of  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  is  subject  to  prior  claims  of  policyholders  and 
creditors except to the extent that its rights, if any, as a creditor are recognized. Consequently, Hallmark’s ability to pay 
debts, expenses and cash dividends to our stockholders may be limited.  

Our insurance company subsidiaries are subject to minimum capital and surplus requirements. Failure to meet these 
requirements could subject us to regulatory action. 

Our insurance company subsidiaries are subject to minimum capital and surplus requirements imposed under the laws of 
their respective states of domicile and each state in which they issue policies. Any failure by one of our insurance company 
subsidiaries to meet minimum capital and surplus requirements imposed by applicable state law will subject it to corrective 
action, which may include requiring adoption of a comprehensive financial plan, revocation of its license to sell insurance 
products  or  placing  the  subsidiary  under  state  regulatory  control.  Any  new  minimum  capital  and  surplus  requirements 
adopted in the future may require us to increase the capital and surplus of our insurance company subsidiaries, which we 
may not be able to do. 

29 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  are  subject  to  assessments  and  other  surcharges  from  state  guaranty  funds,  mandatory  reinsurance 
arrangements and state insurance facilities, which may reduce our profitability. 

Virtually all states require insurers licensed to do business therein to bear a portion of the unfunded obligations of impaired 
or insolvent insurance companies. These obligations are funded by assessments, which are levied by guaranty associations 
within the state, up to prescribed limits, on all member insurers in the state on the basis of the proportionate share of the 
premiums written by member insurers in the lines of business in which the impaired, insolvent or failed insurer was engaged. 
Accordingly, the assessments levied on us by the states in which we are licensed to write insurance may increase as we 
increase our premiums written. In addition, as a condition to the ability to conduct business in certain states, insurance 
companies  are  required  to  participate  in  mandatory  reinsurance  funds.  The  effect  of  these  assessments  and  mandatory 
reinsurance arrangements, or changes in them, could reduce our profitability in any given period or limit our ability to grow 
our business. 

We monitor developments with respect to various state facilities, such as the Texas FAIR Plan and the Texas Windstorm 
Insurance Association. The impact of any catastrophe experience on these facilities could result in the facilities recognizing 
a financial deficit or a financial deficit greater than the level currently estimated. They may, in turn, have the ability to assess 
participating insurers when financial deficits occur, adversely affecting our results of operations. While these facilities are 
generally designed so that the ultimate cost is borne by policyholders, the exposure to assessments and the availability of 
recoupments or premium rate increases from these facilities may not offset each other in our financial statements. Moreover, 
even if they do offset each other, they may not offset each other in financial statements for the same fiscal period due to the 
ultimate timing of the assessments and recoupments or premium rate increases, as well as the possibility of policies not 
being renewed in subsequent years. 

Adverse securities market conditions can have a significant and negative impact on our investment portfolio. 

Our results of operations depend in part on the performance of our invested assets. As of December 31, 2017, 92% of our 
investment portfolio was invested in fixed-income securities. Certain risks are inherent in connection with fixed-income 
securities, including loss upon default and price volatility in reaction to changes in interest rates and general market factors. 
In general, the fair value of a portfolio of fixed-income securities increases or decreases inversely with changes in the market 
interest  rates,  while  net  investment  income  realized  from  future  investments  in  fixed-income  securities  increases  or 
decreases along with interest rates. In addition, 23% of our fixed-income securities have call or prepayment options. This 
subjects us to reinvestment risk should interest rates fall and issuers call their securities. Furthermore, actual net investment 
income and/or cash flows from investments that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed and other asset-backed 
securities, may differ from those anticipated at the time of investment as a result of interest rate fluctuations. An investment 
has prepayment risk when there is a risk that cash flows from the repayment of principal might occur earlier than anticipated 
because of declining interest rates or later than anticipated because of rising interest rates. The fair value of our fixed-income 
securities as of December 31, 2017 was $605.7 million. If market interest rates were to increase 1%, the fair value of our 
fixed-income securities would decrease by approximately $9.6 million as of December 31, 2017. The calculated change in 
fair value was determined using duration modeling assuming no prepayments. 

In  addition  to  the  general  risks  described  above,  although  79%  of  our  portfolio  is  investment-grade,  our  fixed-income 
securities are nonetheless subject to credit risk. If any of the issuers of our fixed-income securities suffer financial setbacks, 
the ratings on the fixed-income securities could fall (with a concurrent fall in market value) and, in a worst case scenario, 
the issuer could default on its obligations. As of December 31, 2017, Hallmark had $0.1 million in its investment portfolio 
exposed to sub-prime mortgages and $16.5 million total exposure in mortgage-backed securities.  

Future changes in the fair value of our available-for-sale fixed income securities will be reflected in other comprehensive 
income.  Similar  treatment  is  not  available  for  liabilities.  Therefore,  interest  rate  fluctuations  could  adversely  affect  our 
stockholders’ equity, total comprehensive income and/or cash flows. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We rely on independent agents and specialty brokers to market our products and their failure to do so would have 
a material adverse effect on our results of operations. 

We market and distribute our insurance programs exclusively through independent insurance agents and specialty insurance 
brokers. As a result, our business depends in large part on the marketing efforts of these agents and brokers and on our 
ability to offer insurance products and services that meet the requirements of the agents, the brokers and their customers. 
However, these agents and brokers are not obligated to sell or promote our products and many sell or promote competitors’ 
insurance products in addition to our products. Some of our competitors have higher financial strength ratings, offer a larger 
variety of products, set lower prices for insurance coverage and/or offer higher commissions than we do. Therefore, we may 
not be able to continue to attract and retain independent agents and brokers to sell our insurance products. The failure or 
inability of independent agents and brokers to market our insurance products successfully could have a material adverse 
impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We may experience difficulty in integrating acquisitions into our operations. 

The successful integration of any newly acquired business into our operations will require, among other things, the retention 
and assimilation of their key management, sales and other personnel; the coordination of their lines of insurance products 
and services; the adaptation of their technology, information systems and other processes; and the retention and transition 
of their customers. Unexpected difficulties in integrating any acquisition could result in increased expenses and the diversion 
of management time and resources. If we do not successfully integrate any acquired business into our operations, we may 
not realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition 
and results of operations. Further, any potential acquisition may require significant capital outlay and, if we issue equity or 
convertible debt securities to pay for an acquisition, the issuance may be dilutive to our existing stockholders. 

Our internal controls are not fail-safe.  

We continually enhance our operating procedures and internal controls to effectively support our business and comply with 
our regulatory and financial reporting requirements. As a result of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no system 
of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control objectives have been or will be met, and that every instance of 
error or fraud has been or will be detected. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only 
reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. These inherent limitations include the 
realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. 
Additionally, controls can be circumvented by individual acts or by collusion of two or more persons. The design of any 
system of controls is based in part upon assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance 
that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Internal controls may also 
become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  the  degree  of  compliance  with  policies  or  procedures  may 
deteriorate. Further, the design of a control system must reflect resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be 
considered relative to their costs. As a result of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatement due 
to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Accordingly, our internal controls and procedures are designed to provide 
reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control objectives are met. 

Our geographic concentration ties our performance to the business, economic and regulatory conditions of certain 
states.  

The following states accounted for approximately 56% of our gross written premiums for 2017: Texas (40%), California 
(6%),  Arizona  (4%),  Oklahoma  (3%)  and  Oregon  (3%).  Our  revenues  and  profitability  are  subject  to  the  prevailing 
regulatory,  legal,  economic,  political,  demographic,  competitive,  weather  and  other  conditions  in  the principal  states  in 
which we do business. Changes in any of these conditions could make it less attractive for us to do business in such states 
and  would  have  a  more  pronounced  effect  on  us  compared  to  companies  that  are  more  geographically  diversified.  In 
addition, our exposure to severe losses from localized natural perils, such as windstorms or hailstorms, is increased in those 
areas where we have written significant numbers of property/casualty insurance policies. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The exclusions and limitations in our policies may not be enforceable.  

Many of the policies we issue include exclusions or other conditions that define and limit coverage, which exclusions and 
conditions are designed to manage our exposure to certain types of risks and expanding theories of legal liability. In addition, 
many of our policies limit the period during which a policyholder may bring a claim under the policy, which period in many 
cases  is  shorter  than  the  statutory  period  under  which  these  claims  can  be  brought  by  our  policyholders.  While  these 
exclusions and limitations help us assess and control our loss exposure, it is possible that a court or regulatory authority 
could  nullify  or  void  an  exclusion  or  limitation,  or  legislation  could  be  enacted  modifying  or  barring  the  use  of  these 
exclusions and limitations. This could result in higher than anticipated losses and LAE by extending coverage beyond our 
underwriting intent or increasing the number or size of claims, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating 
results.  In  some  instances,  these  changes  may  not  become  apparent  until  sometime  after  we  have  issued  the  insurance 
policies that are affected by the changes. As a result, the full extent of liability under our insurance contracts may not be 
known for many years after a policy is issued. 

We  rely  on  our  information  technology  and  telecommunications  systems  and  the  failure  or  disruption  of  these 
systems could disrupt our operations and adversely affect our results of operations.  

Our business is highly dependent upon the successful and uninterrupted functioning of our information technology and 
telecommunications systems. We rely on these systems to perform accounting, policy administration, actuarial and other 
modeling functions necessary for underwriting business, as well as to process and make claims and other payments.  Our 
systems could fail of their own accord or might be disrupted by factors such as natural disasters, power disruptions or surges, 
cybersecurity intrusions or terrorist attacks. Failure or disruption of these systems for any reason could interrupt our business 
and adversely affect our results of operations. 

Cybersecurity  risks  in  particular  are  evolving  and  include  malicious  software,  unauthorized  access  to  data  and  other 
electronic security breaches. We have not experienced successful cybersecurity attacks in the past and believe that we have 
adopted appropriate measures to mitigate potential risks to our information technology systems. However, the timing, nature 
and scope of cybersecurity attacks are difficult to predict and prevent. Therefore, we could be subject to operational delays, 
compromised confidential or proprietary information, destruction or corruption of data, manipulation or improper use of 
our  systems  and  networks,  financial  losses  from  remedial  actions  and/or  damage  to  our  reputation  from  cybersecurity 
attacks. A cybersecurity attack on our information technology systems could disrupt our business and adversely affect our 
results of operations and financial position. 

Global climate change may have an adverse effect on our financial statements. 

Although  uncertainty  remains  as  to  the  nature  and effect  of  greenhouse  gas  emissions,  we  could  suffer  losses if  global 
climate change results in an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters. As with traditional natural disasters, 
claims arising from these incidents could increase our exposure to losses and have a material adverse impact on our business, 
results of operations, and/or financial condition. 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. 

Not applicable 

Item 2. Properties. 

Our corporate headquarters and Standard Commercial P&C operating unit are located at 777 Main Street, Suite 1000, Fort 
Worth,  Texas.  The  suite  is  located  in  a  high-rise  office  building  and  contains  27,808  square  feet  of  space.  The  rent  is 
currently $52,140 per month pursuant to a lease which expires June 30, 2022.  

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Contract Binding operating unit is presently located at 7550 IH-10 West, San Antonio, Texas. These leased premises 
consist of a 16,599 square foot office suite and 800 square feet of storage space. The rent is currently $34,798 per month 
pursuant to a lease that expires November 30, 2020.  

Our Specialty Commercial operating unit is located at 13727 Noel Road, Dallas, Texas. These leased premises consist of 
15,072 square feet of office space. The rent is currently $29,202 per month pursuant to a lease that expires November 30, 
2022. Our Specialty Commercial operating unit also maintains branch offices in the following locations: 

Location 

Monthly Rent 

Lease Expiration 

Chicago, Illinois 
Atlanta, Georgia 
Jersey City, New Jersey 
Glendale, California 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 12,227   
 12,052   
 5,036   
 2,627   

June 30, 2020 
November 30, 2022 
December 31, 2020 
July 31, 2020 

Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit is located at 6500 Pinecrest, Suite 100, Plano, Texas. The suite is located in a 
one story office building and contains 23,941 square feet of space. The rent is currently $28,769 per month pursuant to a 
lease that expires December 31, 2020.   

Item 3. Legal Proceedings. 

We  are  engaged  in  various  legal  proceedings  that  are  routine  in  nature  and  incidental  to  our  business.  None  of  these 
proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, are believed, in our opinion, likely to have a material adverse effect on 
our consolidated financial position or our results of operations. 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. 

Not applicable. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item  5.  Market  for  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer  Purchases  of  Equity 
Securities. 

Market for Common Stock 
Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “HALL.” The following table shows 
the high and low sales prices of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market for each quarter since January 1, 2016. 

Period 

Year Ended December 31, 2017: 
First quarter 
Second quarter 
Third quarter 
Fourth quarter 

Year Ended December 31, 2016: 
First quarter 
Second quarter 
Third quarter 
Fourth quarter 

Holders 

High Sale 

Low Sale 

  $ 

  $ 

11.98   $ 
11.62  
11.83  
11.76  

11.98   $ 
12.01  
11.93  
12.09  

10.14 
9.94 
9.91 
9.95 

9.79 
9.50 
9.71 
9.77 

As of March 1, 2018, there were 2,016 shareholders of record of our common stock.  

Dividends 

Hallmark  has  never paid  dividends  on  its common  stock.  Our  board  of  directors  intends to  continue this policy  for  the 
foreseeable future in order to retain earnings for development of our business. 

Hallmark  is  a  holding  company  and  a  legal  entity  separate  and  distinct  from  its  subsidiaries.  As  a  holding  company, 
Hallmark is dependent on dividend payments and management fees from its subsidiaries to pay dividends and make other 
payments. State insurance laws limit the ability of our insurance company subsidiaries to pay dividends to Hallmark. As 
property/casualty  insurance  companies  domiciled  in  the  state  of  Texas,  AHIC  and  TBIC  are  limited  in  the  payment  of 
dividends to Hallmark in any 12-month period, without the prior written consent of the Texas Department of Insurance, to 
the greater of statutory net income for the prior calendar year or 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the prior year 
end. HIC and HNIC, both domiciled in Arizona, are limited in the payment of dividends to the lesser of 10% of prior year 
policyholders surplus or prior year’s net investment income, without prior written approval from the Arizona Department 
of Insurance. HSIC, domiciled in Oklahoma, is limited in the payment of dividends to the greater of 10% of prior year 
policyholders’  surplus  or  prior  year’s  statutory  net  income,  not  including  realized  capital  gains,  without  prior  written 
approval from the Oklahoma Insurance Department. As a county mutual, dividends from HCM are payable to policyholders. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Compensation Plan Information 

The following table sets forth information regarding shares of our common stock authorized for issuance under our equity 
compensation plans as of December 31, 2017. 

Number of securities to be 
issued upon exercise of 
outstanding options, 
warrants and rights 

Weighted-average 
exercise price of 
outstanding options, 
warrants and rights   

Number of securities 
remaining available for 
future issuance under 
equity compensation plans 
[excluding securities 
reflected in column (a)](1) 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

 406,731    $ 

 7.85     

 1,498,971  

-    

 406,731    $ 

-    

 7.85     

- 

 1,498,971  

Plan Category 

Equity compensation plans approved by  
  security holders 

Equity compensation plans not  
  approved by security holders 

Total 

(1)  Securities  remaining  available  for  future  issuance  are  net  of  a  maximum  of  501,029  shares  of common  stock  issuable  pursuant  to  outstanding 
restricted stock units, subject to applicable vesting requirements and performance criteria.  See Note 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements 
included in this report. 

Issuer Repurchases 

Our stock buyback program initially announced on April 18, 2008, authorized the repurchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of 
our common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions (the “Stock Repurchase Plan”). On January 24, 
2011, we announced an increased authorization to repurchase up to an additional 3,000,000 shares.  The Stock Repurchase 
Plan does not have an expiration date. 

There were no purchases made pursuant to the Stock Repurchase Plan during the quarter ended December 31, 2017. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Graph 

The following graph compares the five year cumulative total return provided shareholders on Hallmark’s common stock 
relative to the cumulative total returns of the NASDAQ Composite  Index, the NASDAQ Insurance Index, and the S&P 
Property & Casualty Insurance Index. An investment of $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) is assumed to have been 
made  in  our  common  stock  and  in  each  index  on  December  31,  2012  and  its  relative  performance  is  tracked  through 
December 31, 2017. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 6. Selected Financial Data 

Statement of Operations Data: 

Gross premiums written 

Ceded premiums written 

Net premiums written 

Change in unearned premiums 

Net premiums earned 

Investment income, net of expenses 

Net realized gains 

Other-than-temporary impairments 

Finance charges 

Commission and fees 

Other income 

Total revenues 

Loss and loss adjustment expenses 

Operating expenses 

Interest expense 

Amortization of intangible assets 

Total expenses 

(Loss) income before tax 

Income tax (benefit) expense  

Net (loss) income  

Net (loss) income per share: 

Basic 

Diluted 

Year Ended December 31 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

(in thousands, except per share data) 

$ 

 604,156    $ 
 (238,573)    
 365,583     
 (4,546)    
 361,037     

 549,077    $ 
 (187,248)    
 361,829     
 (8,459)    
 353,370     

 514,223    $ 
 (157,279)    
 356,944     
 (7,863)    
 349,081     

 473,218    $ 
 (148,866)    
 324,352     
 (3,135)    
 321,217     

 18,874     
 5,672     
 (5,877)    
 3,867     
 1,679     
 269     
 385,521     

 288,308     
 106,805     
 4,512     
 2,468     
 402,093     

 (16,572)    
 (5,019)    
 (11,553)    

 16,342     
 2,519     
 (2,888)    
 4,977     
 1,427     
 205     
 375,952     

 253,688     
 106,769     
 4,549     
 2,468     
 367,474     

 8,478     
 1,952     
 6,526     

 13,969     
 5,826     
 (3,323)    
 5,952     
 213     
 684     
 372,402     

 230,149     
 103,993     
 3,906     
 2,468     
 340,516     

 31,886     
 10,023     
 21,863     

 12,383     
 408     
 (274)    
 5,279     
 (1,694)    
 47     
 337,366     

 210,055     
 101,427     
 4,576     
 2,526     
 318,584     

 18,782     
 5,353     
 13,429     

 460,027  

 (99,262) 

 360,765  

 (224) 

 360,541  

 12,884  

 10,540  

 - 

 5,830  

 (487) 

 120  

 389,428  

 261,345  

 109,289  

 4,599  

 3,115  

 378,348  

 11,080  

 2,835  

 8,245  

  $ 

  $ 

 (0.63)   $ 

 (0.63)   $ 

 0.35    $ 

 0.34    $ 

 1.14    $ 

 1.13    $ 

 0.70    $ 

 0.69    $ 

 0.43  

 0.43  

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Items: 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

As of December 31 

Total investments 

Total assets (1) 
Reserves for unpaid loss and loss  
  adjustment expenses 

Unearned premiums 

Total liabilities (1) 

Total stockholders' equity 

Book value per share 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 661,333    $ 

 654,119    $ 

 578,829    $ 

 507,229    $ 

 461,325  

 1,231,126    $ 

 1,162,460    $ 

 1,075,547    $ 

 979,765    $ 

 907,867  

 527,100    $ 

 481,567    $ 

 450,878    $ 

 415,135    $ 

 382,640  

 276,642    $ 

 241,254    $ 

 216,407    $ 

 196,826    $ 

 185,303  

 980,008    $ 

 896,724    $ 

 813,521    $ 

 727,728    $ 

 669,749  

 251,118    $ 

 265,736    $ 

 262,026    $ 

 252,037    $ 

 238,118  

 13.82    $ 

 14.28    $ 

 13.72    $ 

 13.11    $ 

 12.36  

(1)  Amounts have been adjusted for the adoption of ASU 2015-03 which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability 
be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts.  

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

The following discussion should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. This 
discussion contains forward-looking statements. Please see “Risks Associated with Forward-Looking Statements in this 
Form 10-K” for a discussion of some of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. 

Overview 

Hallmark is an insurance holding company which, through its subsidiaries, engages in the sale of property/casualty insurance 
products  to  businesses  and  individuals.  Our  business  involves  marketing,  distributing,  underwriting  and  servicing  our 
insurance  products,  as  well  as  providing  other  insurance  related  services.  We  pursue  our  business  activities  primarily 
through  subsidiaries  whose  operations  are  organized  into  operating  units  and  are  supported  by  our  insurance  carrier 
subsidiaries. 

Our insurance activities are organized by operating units into the following reportable segments: 

• 

Specialty  Commercial  Segment.  Our  Specialty  Commercial  Segment  includes  the  excess  and  surplus  lines 
commercial property/casualty insurance products and services handled by our Contract Binding operating unit and 
the  general  aviation,  satellite  launch,  commercial  umbrella  and  primary/excess  liability,  medical  and  financial 
professional liability  and primary/excess commercial property  insurance  products  and  services  handled  by our 
Specialty Commercial operating unit. Certain specialty programs are also managed by our Specialty Commercial 
operating unit. Our Contract Binding operating unit is comprised of our HSU, PAAC and TGASRI subsidiaries. 
Our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit is  comprised  of  our  Aerospace  Insurance  Managers,  ASRI,  ACMG, 
HXS and HDS subsidiaries.  

• 

Standard  Commercial  Segment.  The  Standard  Commercial  Segment  includes  the  standard  lines  commercial 
property/casualty and occupational accident insurance products and services handled by our Standard Commercial 
P&C operating unit and the workers compensation insurance products handled by our Workers Compensation 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
operating  unit.  Effective  June  1,  2016,  we  ceased  marketing  new  or  renewal  occupational  accident  policies. 
Effective July 1, 2015, the Workers Compensation operating unit ceased retaining any risk on new or renewal 
policies.  Our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  is  comprised  of  our  American  Hallmark  Insurance 
Services and ECM subsidiaries. Our Workers Compensation operating unit is comprised of our TBIC Holdings, 
TBIC and TBICRM subsidiaries. 

• 

Personal Segment. Our Personal Segment includes the non-standard personal automobile and renters insurance 
products  and  services  handled  by  our  Specialty  Personal  Lines  operating  unit.  Our  Specialty  Personal  Lines 
operating unit is comprised of our AHGA and HCS subsidiaries.  

The retained premium produced by these reportable segments is supported by our American Hallmark Insurance Company 
of Texas, Hallmark Specialty Insurance Company, Hallmark Insurance Company, Hallmark National Insurance Company 
and Texas Builders Insurance Company insurance subsidiaries. In addition, control and management of Hallmark County 
Mutual is maintained through our wholly owned subsidiary, CYR Insurance Management Company (“CYR”). CYR has as 
its primary asset a management agreement with HCM which provides for CYR to have management and control of HCM. 
HCM is used to front certain lines of business in our Specialty Commercial and Personal Segments in Texas. HCM does 
not retain any business. 

AHIC, HIC, HSIC and HNIC have entered into a pooling arrangement pursuant to which AHIC retains 34% of the net 
premiums written by any of them, HIC retains 32% of the net premiums written by any of them, HSIC retains 24% of the 
net premiums written by any of them and HNIC retains 10% of the net premiums written by any of them. Neither HCM nor 
TBIC is a party to the intercompany pooling arrangement. 

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments 

The  significant  accounting  policies  requiring  our  estimates  and  judgments  are  discussed  below.  Such  estimates  and 
judgments  are  based  on  historical  experience,  changes  in  laws  and  regulations,  observation  of  industry  trends  and 
information  received  from  third  parties.  While  the  estimates  and  judgments  associated  with  the  application  of  these 
accounting  policies  may  be  affected  by  different  assumptions  or  conditions,  we  believe  the  estimates  and  judgments 
associated with the reported consolidated financial statement amounts are appropriate in the circumstances. For additional 
discussion of our accounting policies, see Note 1 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in this report. 

Impairment of investments. We complete a detailed analysis each quarter to assess whether any decline in the fair value of 
any  investment  below  cost  is  deemed  other-than-temporary.  All  securities  with  an  unrealized  loss  are  reviewed.  We 
recognize an impairment loss when an investment’s value declines below cost, adjusted for accretion, amortization and 
previous other-than-temporary impairments and it is determined that the decline is other-than-temporary.  

Debt Investments: We assess whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell, a fixed 
maturity investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current period credit losses. For fixed maturity 
investments that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be required 
to sell, we separate the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the 
amount  due  to  all other  factors. The  credit  loss  component is recognized in  earnings  and is the  difference  between  the 
investment’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows. The remaining difference between 
the investment’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is recognized in other comprehensive income. 

Equity Investments: Some of the factors considered in evaluating whether a decline in fair value for an equity investment is 
other-than-temporary include: (1) our ability and intent to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for 
an anticipated recovery in value; (2) the recoverability of cost; (3) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has 
been  less than  cost;  and  (4)  the financial  condition  and  near-term  and  long-term  prospects  for  the  issuer,  including  the 
relevant industry conditions and trends, and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices. When it is determined 
that an equity investment is other-than-temporarily impaired, the security is written down to fair value, and the amount of 
the impairment is included in earnings as a realized investment loss. The fair value then becomes the new cost basis of the 

39 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
investment, and any subsequent recoveries in fair value are recognized at disposition. We recognize a realized loss when 
impairment is deemed to be other-than-temporary even if a decision to sell an equity investment has not been made. When 
we decide to sell a temporarily impaired available-for-sale equity investment and we do not expect the fair value of the 
equity investment to fully recover prior to the expected time of sale, the investment is deemed to be other-than-temporarily 
impaired in the period in which the decision to sell is made. 

Fair values of financial instruments.  Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 defines fair value, establishes a 
consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure requirements about fair value measurements. ASC 
820, among other things, requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs 
when measuring fair value. In addition, ASC 820 precludes the use of block discounts when measuring the fair value of 
instruments traded in an active market, which were previously applied to large holdings of publicly traded equity securities. 

We  determine  the  fair  value  of  our  financial  instruments  based  on  the  fair  value  hierarchy  established  in  ASC  820.  In 
accordance with ASC 820, we utilize the following fair value hierarchy: 

• 
• 

• 

Level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets;  
Level 2: inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in 
active markets, inputs of identical assets for less active markets, and inputs that are observable for the 
asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument; and 
Level 3: inputs to the valuation methodology that are unobservable for the asset or liability. 

This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. 

Under ASC 820, we determine fair value based on the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability 
in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.  It is our policy to maximize the use of 
observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance 
with the fair value hierarchy described above. Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities where there exists limited 
or no observable market data are calculated based upon our pricing policy, the economic and competitive environment, the 
characteristics of the asset or liability and other factors as appropriate. These estimated fair values may not be realized upon 
actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. 

Where quoted prices are available on active exchanges for identical instruments, investment securities are classified within 
Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 investment securities include common stock, preferred stock and the equity 
warrant classified as Other Investments. 

Level 2 investment securities include corporate bonds, collateralized corporate bank loans, municipal bonds, U.S. Treasury 
securities,  other  obligations  of  the  U.S.  Government  and  mortgage-backed  securities  for  which  quoted  prices  are  not 
available on active exchanges for identical instruments. We use a third party pricing service to determine fair values for 
each  Level  2  investment  security  in  all  asset  classes.  Since  quoted  prices  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  are  not 
available, these prices are determined using observable market information such as quotes from less active markets and/or 
quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, among other things. We have reviewed the processes used by the 
pricing service and have determined that they result in fair values consistent with the requirements of ASC 820 for Level 2 
investment securities. We have not adjusted any prices received from third-party pricing sources. 

In cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, investment securities are classified 
within  Level  3  of  the  valuation  hierarchy.  Level  3  investments  are  valued  based  on  the  best  available  data  in  order  to 
approximate fair value. This data may be internally developed and consider risk premiums that a market participant would 
require. Investment securities classified within Level 3 include other less liquid investment securities. 

Deferred policy acquisition costs. Policy acquisition costs (mainly commission, underwriting and marketing expenses) that 
vary with and are primarily related to the successful acquisition of new and renewal insurance contracts are deferred and 
charged to operations over periods in which the related premiums are earned. Ceding commissions from reinsurers, which 

40 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
include expense allowances, are deferred and recognized over the period premiums are earned for the underlying policies 
reinsured. 

The  method  followed  in  computing  deferred  policy  acquisition  costs  limits  the  amount  of  such  deferred  costs  to  their 
estimated realizable value. A premium deficiency exists if the sum of expected claim costs and claim adjustment expenses, 
unamortized acquisition costs, and maintenance costs exceeds related unearned premiums and expected investment income 
on those unearned premiums, as computed on a product line basis. We routinely evaluate the realizability of deferred policy 
acquisition costs. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there was no premium deficiency related to deferred policy acquisition 
costs. 

Goodwill. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating unit or one level below an operating unit) 
on an annual basis (October 1) and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely 
than  not  reduce  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  below  its  carrying  value.    For  purposes  of  evaluating  goodwill  for 
impairment,  we  have  determined  that  our  reporting  units  are  the  same  as  our  operating  units  except  for  the  Specialty 
Commercial  operating  unit  for  which  reporting  units are  at  the component  level  (“one  level  below”).  Our  consolidated 
balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 includes goodwill of acquired businesses of $44.7 million that is assigned to our 
operating units as follows: Standard Commercial P&C operating unit - $2.1 million; Contract Binding operating unit - $19.9 
million; Specialty Commercial operating unit - $17.4 million (comprised of $7.7 million for the primary/excess and umbrella 
component and $9.7 million for the general aviation and satellite component); and Specialty Personal Lines operating unit 
- $5.3 million. This amount has been recorded as a result of prior business acquisitions accounted for under the acquisition 
method of accounting. Under ASC 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other,” goodwill is tested for impairment annually. 
We completed our last annual test for impairment on the first day of the fourth quarter of 2017 and determined that there 
was no impairment.  

A significant amount of judgment is required in performing goodwill impairment tests. Such tests include estimating the 
fair value of our reporting units. As required by ASC 350, we compare the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with 
its carrying amount, including goodwill. Under ASC 350, fair value refers to the amount for which the entire reporting unit 
may be bought or sold. 

The  determination  of  fair  value  was  based  on  an  income  approach  utilizing  discounted  cash  flows.  The  valuation 
methodology utilized is subject to key judgments and assumptions. Estimates of fair value are inherently uncertain and 
represent  management’s  reasonable expectation  regarding  future developments. These estimates and the judgments  and 
assumptions upon which the estimates are based will, in all likelihood, differ in some respects from actual future results. 
Declines in estimated fair value could result in goodwill impairments in future periods which could materially adversely 
affect our results of operations or financial position. 

The income approach to determining fair value computed the projections of the cash flows that the reporting unit is expected 
to generate converted into a present value equivalent through discounting. Significant assumptions in the income approach 
model include income projections, discount rates and terminal growth values. The income projections reflect an improved 
premium rate environment across most of our lines of business that continued throughout 2017. The income projections 
also  include  loss  and  LAE  assumptions  which  reflect  recent  historical  claim  trends  and  the  movement  towards  a  more 
favorable pricing environment. The income projections also include assumptions for expense growth and investment yields 
which are based on business plans for each of our operating units. The discount rate was based on a risk free rate plus a beta 
adjusted equity risk premium and specific company risk premium. The assumptions were based on historical experience 
(including factors such as prior year loss reserve development), expectations of future performance (including premium 
growth rates, premium rate increases and loss costs), expected market conditions and other factors requiring judgment and 
estimates. While we believe the assumptions used in these models were reasonable, the inherent uncertainty in predicting 
future performance and market conditions may change over time and influence the outcome of future testing. 

The fair values of each of our operating units were in excess of their respective carrying values, including goodwill, as a 
result of our annual test for impairment during the fourth quarter  2017. However, an 8% decline in the fair value of our 
Standard Commercial P&C  operating unit, a  5% decline in the fair value of our  Contract Binding operating unit, a 6% 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
decline in the fair value of our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit, a 69% decline in the fair value of our excess and 
umbrella component or a 23% decline in the fair value of our general aviation and satellite component would have caused 
the carrying value of the respective reporting unit to be in excess of its fair value, resulting in the need to perform the second 
step of impairment testing prescribed by ASC 350, which could have resulted in an impairment to our goodwill. 

The market capitalization of Hallmark’s common stock has been below book value during 2017. We consider our market 
capitalization in assessing the reasonableness of the fair values estimated for our  operating units in connection with our 
goodwill impairment testing. We believe the limited daily trading volume of Hallmark shares has resulted in a decrease in 
our market capitalization that is not representative of a long-term decrease in value. The valuation analysis discussed above 
supports our view that goodwill was not impaired at October 1, 2017. Through December 31, 2017, there were no indicators 
of impairment. 

While we believe the estimates and assumptions used in determining the fair value of our operating units were reasonable, 
actual results  could  vary materially.  If  our  actual  results  are  not  consistent  with  our  estimates  and  assumptions  used to 
calculate fair value, we may be required to perform the second step of impairment testing prescribed by ASC 350 in future 
periods and impairment of goodwill could result. We cannot predict future events that might impact the fair value of our 
operating units and goodwill impairment. Such events include, but are not limited to, increased competition in insurance 
markets and global economic changes. 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities. We file a consolidated federal income tax return. Deferred federal income taxes 
reflect the future tax consequences of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting 
amounts  at  each  year  end.  Deferred  taxes  are  recognized  using  the  liability  method,  whereby  tax  rates  are  applied  to 
cumulative temporary differences based on when and how they are expected to affect the tax return. Deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are adjusted for tax rate changes. A valuation allowance is provided against our deferred tax assets to the extent 
that  we do  not  believe it is  more  likely  than  not that  future  taxable  income  will  be  adequate to realize  these future  tax 
benefits. 

Reserves for unpaid losses and LAE. Reserves for unpaid losses and LAE are established for claims that have already been 
incurred by the policyholder but which we have not yet paid. Unpaid losses and LAE represent the estimated ultimate net 
cost of all reported and unreported losses incurred through each balance sheet date. The reserves for unpaid losses and LAE 
are estimated using individual case-basis valuations and statistical analyses. These reserves are revised periodically and are 
subject to the effects of trends in loss severity and frequency. (See “Item 1. Business – Analysis of Losses and LAE” and 
Note 6 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in this report.) 

Although considerable variability is inherent in such estimates, we believe that our reserves for unpaid losses and LAE are 
adequate. Due to the inherent uncertainty in estimating unpaid losses and LAE, the actual ultimate amounts may differ from 
the recorded amounts. A small percentage change could result in a material effect on reported earnings. For example, a 1% 
change in December 31, 2017 reserves for unpaid losses and LAE would have produced a $5.3 million change to pretax 
earnings. The estimates are continually reviewed and adjusted as experience develops or new information becomes known. 
Such adjustments are included in current operations. 

An actuarial range of ultimate unpaid losses and LAE is developed independent of management’s best estimate and is only 
used to assess the reasonableness of that estimate. There is no exclusive method for determining this range, and judgment 
enters into the process. The primary actuarial technique utilized is a loss development analysis in which ultimate losses are 
projected based upon historical development patterns. The primary assumption underlying this loss development analysis 
is that the historical development patterns will be a reasonable predictor of the future development of losses for accident 
years which are less mature. An alternate actuarial technique, known as the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method, combines an 
analysis of loss development patterns with an initial estimate of expected losses or loss ratios. This approach is most useful 
for  recent  accident  years.  In  addition  to  assuming  the  stability  of  loss  development  patterns,  this  technique  is  heavily 
dependent on the accuracy of the initial estimate of expected losses or loss ratios. Consequently, the Bornhuetter-Ferguson 
method is primarily used to confirm the results derived from the loss development analysis. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  range  of unpaid losses  and  LAE estimated by  our  actuary  as  of  December 31,  2017  was $427.1  million  to  $547.4 
million. Our best estimate of unpaid losses and LAE as of December 31, 2017 is $527.1 million. Our carried reserve for 
unpaid losses and LAE as of December 31, 2017 is comprised of $268.9 million in case reserves and $258.2 million in 
incurred but not reported reserves. In setting this estimate of unpaid losses and LAE, we have assumed, among other things, 
that current trends in loss frequency and severity will continue and that the actuarial analysis was empirically valid. We 
have established a best estimate of unpaid losses and LAE which is $39.9 million higher than the midpoint, or 96.3% of the 
high end, of the actuarial range at December 31, 2017 as compared to $36.8 million above the midpoint, or 96.6% of the 
high end, of the actuarial range at December 31, 2016. We expect our best estimate to move within the actuarial range from 
year to year due to changes in our operations and changes within the marketplace. Due to the inherent uncertainty in reserve 
estimates,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  actual  losses  ultimately  experienced  will  fall  within  the  actuarial  range. 
However, because of the breadth of the actuarial range,  we believe that it is reasonably likely that actual losses will fall 
within such range. 

Our reserve requirements are also interrelated with product pricing and profitability. We must price our products at a level 
sufficient to fund our policyholder benefits and still remain profitable. Because claim expenses represent the single largest 
category of our expenses, inaccuracies in the assumptions used to estimate the amount of such benefits can result in our 
failing to price our products appropriately and to generate sufficient premiums to fund our operations. 

Recognition of profit sharing commissions. Profit sharing commission is calculated and recognized when the loss ratio, as 
determined by a qualified actuary, deviates from contractual targets. We receive a provisional commission as policies are 
produced as an advance against the later determination of the profit sharing commission actually earned. The profit sharing 
commission is an estimate that varies with the estimated loss ratio and is sensitive to changes in that estimate. 

Through  December  31,  2005,  our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  marketed  policies  on  behalf  of  Clarendon 
National Insurance Company (“Clarendon”), a third-party insurer. Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit earns a 
commission  based  on  a  percentage  of  the  earned  premium  it  produced  for  Clarendon.  The  commission  percentage  is 
determined by the underwriting results of the policies produced. Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit presently 
markets all new and renewal policies exclusively for AHIC. 

The following table details the profit sharing commission revenue sensitivity of the Standard Commercial P&C operating 
unit to the actual ultimate loss ratio for each effective quota share treaty at 5.0% above and below the current estimate, 
which we believe is a reasonably likely range of variance ($ in thousands). 

Treaty Effective Dates 

7/1/2001 

7/1/2002 

7/1/2003 

7/1/2004 

7/1/2005 

Provisional loss ratio 

60.0%    

59.0%    

59.0%    

64.2%    

64.2% 

Estimated ultimate loss ratio recorded at    
  December 31, 2017 

63.5%    

64.5%    

61.2%    

66.2%    

61.4% 

Effect of actual 5.0% above estimated  
  loss ratio at December 31, 2017 

  $ 

- 

 $ 

- 

 $ 

 (3,360)   $ 

 (3,790)   $ 

 (546) 

Effect of actual 5.0% below estimated loss  
  ratio at December 31, 2017 

  $ 

 1,850    $ 

 3,055    $ 

 2,734    $ 

 3,790    $ 

 546  

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
Through 2008, all business of our Contract Binding operating unit was produced under a fronting agreement with member 
companies of the Republic Group (“Republic”), which granted our Contract Binding operating unit the authority to develop 
underwriting programs, set rates, appoint retail and general agents, underwrite risks, issue policies and adjust and pay claims. 
We assumed 70% of the risk under this arrangement in 2008. In 2009, our Contract Binding operating unit wrote a portion 
of its policies under a fronting arrangement with Republic pursuant to which we assumed 100% of the risk.  Our Contract 
Binding operating unit earns a commission based on a percentage of the earned premium it produced for Republic which 
was not assumed by AHIC.  The commission percentage is determined by the underwriting results of the policies produced. 

The following table details the profit sharing commission revenue sensitivity of the Contract Binding operating unit for each 
effective quota share treaty at 5.0% above and below the current estimate, which we believe is a reasonably likely range of 
variance ($ in thousands). 

Provisional loss ratio 

Estimated ultimate loss ratio recorded at  
  December 31, 2017 

Effect of actual 5.0% above estimated loss ratio at    
  December 31, 2017 

Effect of actual 5.0% below estimated loss ratio at  
  December 31, 2017 

Treaty Effective Dates 

1/1/2006 

1/1/2007 

1/1/2008 

65.0%    

65.0%    

65.0% 

59.4%    

65.6%    

61.4% 

  $ 

 (3,096)   $ 

 -   $ 

 (1,169) 

  $ 

 3,096    $ 

 2,082    $ 

 1,618  

Results of Operations 

Comparison of Years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 

Management overview. During fiscal 2017, our total revenues were $385.5 million, which was $9.5 million more than the 
$376.0 million in total revenues for fiscal 2016.  During the year ended December 31, 2017, we reported a net loss before 
tax of $16.6 million as compared to income before tax of $8.5 million during the same period of 2016. 

This increase in revenue was primarily attributable to higher net earned premiums in our Specialty Commercial Segment, 
partially offset by lower net earned premiums in our Standard Commercial Segment and our Personal Segment during the 
year  ended  December  31, 2017  as  compared  to  the  same  period  during  2016. Net  earned  premiums  for the  year ended 
December 31, 2017 include the impact of $1.3 million of ceded reinstatement premium attributable to Hurricane Harvey. 
Further contributing to this increase in revenues was higher net investment income, higher commission and fee revenue and 
higher net realized gains recognized on our investment portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 
the same period during 2016. These increases in revenue during the year ended December 31, 2017 were partially offset by 
lower finance charges and higher other-than-temporary impairments of the investment portfolio.  

The pre-tax loss reported for the year ended December 31,  2017 was due primarily to increased loss and LAE of $34.6 
million, partially offset by the increased revenue discussed above. The increase in loss and LAE was primarily the result of 
unfavorable net prior year loss reserve development and higher current accident year loss trends in our Contract Binding 
operating unit. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, we recorded unfavorable prior year net loss reserve 
development of $40.1 million as compared to $7.6 million of unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development for the 
same period of 2016. The unfavorable prior year reserve development during the twelve months ended December 31, 2017 
was primarily driven by the continued emergence of increased frequency and severity trends in our primary commercial 
auto lines of business within our Contract Binding operating unit, which was representative of industry trends. These trends 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
had an amplified impact on our consolidated result because this is the largest line of retained business in our portfolio. We 
incurred an aggregate of $7.8 million of net catastrophe losses during the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 
$11.0  million  for  the  same  period  the  prior  year.    Operating  expenses  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  were 
unchanged from the same period during 2016 mostly as a result of a $1.8 million payment to settle the earn-out related to 
the previous acquisition of TBIC during the second quarter of 2016 and lower production related expenses due primarily to 
increased  ceding  commissions  in  our  Specialty  Commercial  Segment,  partially  offset  by  increased  salary  and  related 
expenses and other operating expenses driven by our investment in technology for the year ended December 31, 2017 as 
compared to the same periods during 2016.  

We reported a net loss of $11.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to net income of $6.5 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2016. On a diluted per share basis, net loss was $0.63 per share for fiscal 2017 as compared 
to net income of $0.34 per share for fiscal 2016. Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2017 included a charge of $1.3 
million from the revaluation of deferred tax balances from a 35% statutory tax rate to the new 21% statutory tax rate under 
the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.  

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment information  

The following is additional business segment information for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31 

Specialty Commercial 
Segment 

Standard Commercial 
Segment 

  Personal Segment 

Corporate 

Consolidated 

2017 

2016 

2017 

2016 

2017 

2016 

2017 

2016 

2017 

2016 

Gross premiums written 

 $ 

 464,714   $ 

 388,914   $ 

 78,228   $ 

 76,891   $ 

 61,214   $ 

 83,272   $ 

 -  $ 

 -  $ 

 604,156   $ 

 549,077  

Ceded premiums written 

 (199,692)   

 (139,842)   

 (8,940)   

 (8,401)   

 (29,941)   

 (39,005)   

Net premiums written 

Change in unearned  
  premiums 

 265,022    

 249,072    

 69,288    

 68,490    

 31,273    

 44,267    

 (5,936)   

 (7,182)   

 (3,070)   

 (980)   

 4,460    

 (297)   

Net premiums earned 

 259,086    

 241,890    

 66,218    

 67,510    

 35,733    

 43,970    

 -   

 -   

 -   

 -   

 -   

 (238,573)   

 (187,248) 

 -   

 365,583    

 361,829  

 -   

 (4,546)   

 (8,459) 

 -   

 361,037    

 353,370  

Total revenues 

 277,946    

 255,897    

 70,302    

 71,966    

 40,462    

 49,826    

 (3,189)   

 (1,737)   

 385,521    

 375,952  

Losses and loss adjustment  
  expenses 

Pre-tax income (loss) 

Net loss ratio (1) 

Net expense ratio (1) 

Net combined ratio (1) 

 213,050    
 -   

 2,012    

82.2%   

23.7%   

105.9%   

 169,125    

 24,417    

69.9%   
25.3%   
95.2%   

 45,227    
 -   
 2,440    

68.3%   

34.5%   

102.8%   

 41,173    
 -   
 8,866    

 30,031    
 -   
 (3,058)   

 43,390    
 -   

 -   
 -   

 -   

 288,308    

 253,688  

 (6,839)   

 (17,966)   

 (17,966)   

 (16,572)   

 8,478  

61.0%   
33.0%   
94.0%   

84.0%   

98.7%   

29.3%   

21.5%   

113.3%   

120.2%   

79.9%   

71.8% 

28.0%   

107.9%   

28.0% 

99.8% 

Favorable (Unfavorable)  
  Prior Year Development 

 (40,477)   

 (12,502)   

 970    

 9,901    

 (598)   

 (5,007)   

 (40,105)   

 (7,608) 

1  The net loss ratio is calculated as incurred losses and LAE divided by net premiums earned, each determined in accordance with GAAP. 
The net expense ratio is calculated as total underwriting expenses offset by agency fee income divided by net premiums earned, each 
determined in accordance with GAAP.  Net combined ratio is calculated as the sum of the net loss ratio and the net expense ratio. 

Specialty Commercial Segment.  

Gross premiums written for the Specialty Commercial Segment were $464.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, 
which was $75.8 million, or 19%, more than the $388.9 million reported for the same period in 2016. Net premiums written 
were $265.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $249.1 million reported for the same period in 
2016.  The  increase  in  gross  and  net  premiums  written  was  due  to  increased  premium  production  in  our  Specialty 
Commercial operating unit.  

The $277.9 million of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $22.0 million higher than the $255.9 million 
reported for 2016. This increase in revenue was due to higher net premiums earned of $17.2 million due predominately to 
increased earned premium in both our Specialty Commercial and Contract Binding operating units.  Further contributing to 
this increased revenue was higher net investment income of $3.8 million, higher commission and fees of $1.0 million and 
higher other income of $0.1 million, partially offset by lower finance charges of $0.1 million. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
Pre-tax income for the Specialty Commercial Segment of $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $22.4 
million lower than the $24.4 million reported for the same period in 2016. This decrease in pre-tax income was primarily 
due to higher loss and LAE expenses of $43.9 million and higher operating expense of $0.5 million, partially offset by the 
increased revenue discussed above.  

Our Contract Binding operating unit reported a $35.9 million increase in loss and LAE due primarily to $38.6 million of 
unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized during the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 
$11.3 million of unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized for the same period the prior year, as well 
as higher current accident year loss trends. Our Specialty Commercial operating unit reported a $8.0 million increase in loss 
and LAE which consisted of (a) a $4.5 million increase in losses and LAE in our commercial umbrella and primary/excess 
liability line of business, (b) a $2.1 million increase in losses and LAE attributable to our primary/excess property insurance 
products due primarily to increased premium production and higher net catastrophe losses, (c) a $2.2 million increase in our 
general aviation line of business, (d) a $0.1 million increase in losses and LAE in our satellite launch insurance line of 
business, partially offset by (e) a $0.8 million decrease in losses and LAE attributable to our professional liability insurance 
products and (f) a $0.1 million decrease in losses and LAE in our specialty programs. The $0.5 million increase in operating 
expense was primarily the result of higher salary and related expenses of $3.3 million, higher occupancy and other operating 
expenses of $0.7 million and higher travel related expenses of $0.2 million, partially offset by lower production related 
expenses of $3.7 million due primarily to increased ceding commissions in our Specialty Commercial operating unit.  

The Specialty Commercial Segment reported a net loss ratio of 82.2% for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared 
to 69.9% for the same period during 2016. The gross loss ratio before reinsurance was 76.5% for the year ended December 
31, 2017 as compared to 67.3% for the same period in 2016. The higher gross and net loss ratios for the year ended December 
31, 2017 were primarily the result of $40.5 million unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized for the 
year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $12.5 million unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development for the 
same  period  of  2016,  as  well as  higher  current  accident  year loss  trends  driven  mostly  by  our  commercial  auto  line of 
business and increased net catastrophe losses.  The net unfavorable prior year development for 2017 was primarily driven 
by the continued emergence of increased frequency and severity trends for 2016 and prior accident years in the primary 
commercial  auto  lines  of  business  of  our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit.  Our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit 
experienced net unfavorable development in general aviation primarily in the 2016, 2013 and 2010 and prior accident years, 
commercial excess liability primarily in the 2013 accident year and specialty risk programs primarily in the 2015 and prior 
accident  years,  partially  offset  by  net  favorable  development  in  the  medical  professional  liability  and  primary/excess 
commercial property lines of business primarily in the 2016 accident years. The Specialty Commercial Segment reported 
$3.8 million of net catastrophe losses during the year ended December 31, 2017, of which $1.3 million was attributable to 
Hurricane Harvey, as compared to $1.6 million of net catastrophe losses during the same period of 2016. The Specialty 
Commercial Segment reported a net expense ratio of 23.7% during the  year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 
25.3% for the same period of 2016. The decrease in the expense ratio was due predominately to the impact of higher net 
premiums earned as well as increased ceding commission in our Specialty Commercial operating unit.  

Standard Commercial Segment.  

Gross premiums written for the Standard Commercial Segment were $78.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, 
which was $1.3 million, or 2%, more than the $76.9 million reported for the same period in 2016. The gross premiums 
written for the Standard Commercial P&C operating unit increased $6.8 million, offset by a decrease of $5.0 million due to 
the discontinued marketing of new and renewal occupational accident policies and a $0.5 million decrease in gross premiums 
written due to the discontinued marketing of workers compensation policies. Net premiums written were $69.3 million for 
the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $68.5 million reported for the same period in 2016. The net premiums 
written include a $5.6 million increase in our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit for the year ended December 31, 
2017 as compared to the same period during 2016, offset by a decrease in premium  volume of $4.8  million due to the 
discontinued  marketing  of  new  and  renewal  occupational  accident  policies.  The  net  premiums  written  in  our  Standard 
Commercial  P&C  Operating  unit  includes  the  impact  of  $0.7  million  of  ceded  reinstatement  premium  attributable  to 
Hurricane Harvey.  

47 

 
 
 
  
 
 
Total revenue for the Standard Commercial Segment of $70.3 million for the year ended December 31,  2017 was $1.7 
million less than the $72.0 million reported during the year ended December 31, 2016. This 2% decrease in total revenue 
was mostly due to a $1.3 million decrease in net premiums earned primarily as a result of a $4.8 million decrease in net 
premiums earned due to the discontinued marketing of new and renewal occupational accident policies, partially offset by 
$3.5  million  higher  net  premiums  earned  in  our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  due  to  increased  premium 
production, which includes the impact of $0.7 million of ceded reinstatement premium attributable to Hurricane Harvey. 
Further contributing to the decrease in revenue was lower commission and fees of $0.8 million, partially offset by higher 
net investment income of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016.  

Our Standard Commercial Segment reported pre-tax income of $2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 was 
$6.5 million lower than the $8.9 million reported for the same period of 2016. Higher loss and LAE of $4.1 million was the 
primary driver for the lower pre-tax income, as well as higher operating expenses of $0.7 million and the decreased revenue 
discussed above. 

The net loss ratio for the year ended December 31, 2017 was 68.3% as compared to the 61.0% reported for the year ended 
December 31, 2016. The gross loss ratio before reinsurance was 63.3% for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared 
to 59.6% for the prior year. Our Standard Commercial Segment’s net loss ratio included 4.9 additional loss ratio points 
attributable to the discontinued workers compensation and occupational accident business for the year ended December 31, 
2017 as compared to 1.7 fewer loss ratio points for the same period the prior year. During the year ended December 31, 
2017  the  Standard  Commercial  Segment  reported  favorable  prior  year  net  loss  reserve  development  of  $1.0  million  as 
compared to favorable prior year net loss reserve development of $9.9 million for the same period of 2016. During 2017, 
our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit experienced net favorable development primarily in the general liability line 
of business in the 2016 and prior accident years, partially offset by  net unfavorable development in the 2016 and prior 
accident years in the occupational accident line of business. The Standard Commercial Segment reported $3.6 million of 
net catastrophe losses during the year ended December 31, 2017, of which $1.7 million was attributable to Hurricane Harvey, 
as compared to $8.4 million of net catastrophe losses during the same period of 2016. The Standard Commercial Segment 
reported a net expense ratio of 34.5% for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 33.0% for the same period of 
2016. The increase in the expense ratio is primarily due to increased salary and related expense of $0.9 million and increased 
other general expenses of $0.6 million primarily due to investments in technology, as well as the decreased earned premium.  

Personal Segment.  

Gross premiums written for the Personal Segment were $61.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, which was 
$22.1  million  less than the  $83.3  million  reported for  the same  period in  2016. Net  premiums  written  for our  Personal 
Segment were $31.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, which was a decrease of $13.0 million from the $44.3 
million  reported  for the  same  period  of  2016.  The  decline  in  gross  and  net  written  premiums  was  primarily  due  to  the 
intentional reduction in certain underperforming portions of this business to address loss ratio performance. 

Total revenue for the Personal Segment decreased 19% to $40.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 from $49.8 
million for the same period during 2016. The decrease in revenue was primarily due to lower net premiums earned of $8.2 
million as a result of lower  net premium  volume discussed above, lower finance charges of $1.1 million and lower net 
investment income of $0.1 million. 

Our Personal Segment reported a pre-tax loss of $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to pre-tax 
loss of $6.8 million for the same period of 2016. The lower pre-tax loss was the result of decreased losses and LAE of $13.3 
million, partially offset by higher operating expenses of $0.2 million and the decreased revenue discussed above.  

The Personal Segment reported a net loss ratio of 84.0% for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 98.7% for 
the same  period of  2016. The  gross  loss ratio before  reinsurance  was  80.1% for  the  year  ended  December  31, 2017 as 
compared to 94.8% for the same period in 2016. The lower gross and net loss ratios were primarily the result of lower 
unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to 
unfavorable development of $5.0 million for the same period in the prior year, as well as lower current accident year loss 

48 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
trends. During 2017, net unfavorable development in our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit was mostly attributable to 
the 2016, 2014, 2013 and 2010 and prior accident years, partially offset by favorable development in the 2015 and 2011 
accident years. The Personal Segment reported $0.3 million of net catastrophe losses for the year ended December 31, 2017, 
of which $0.1 million was attributable to Hurricane Harvey, as compared to $1.0 million of net catastrophe losses during 
the same period of 2016. The Personal Segment reported a net expense ratio of 29.3% for the year ended December 31, 
2017 as compared to 21.5% for the same period of 2016. The increase in the expense ratio was due predominately to  lower 
finance charges and lower net premiums earned.  

Corporate.  

Total revenue for Corporate decreased by $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the same 
period the prior year. This decrease in total revenue was due to lower net investment income of $1.6 million and higher 
other-than-temporary impairments of the investment portfolio of $3.0 million, partially offset by a $3.2 million increase in 
net realized gains recognized on our investment portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the same 
period of 2016.   

Corporate pre-tax loss of $18.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 was unchanged from the same period of 
2016. The pre-tax loss was primarily due to the  decreased revenue discussed above, partially offset by lower operating 
expenses of $1.5 million. The lower operating expenses of $1.5 million were primarily a result of an additional $1.8 million 
earn-out payment in 2016 related to the previous acquisition of TBIC and lower salary and related expenses of $0.2 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the same period during 2016, partially offset by higher professional 
service fees of $0.2 million and other operating expenses of $0.3 million.  

Comparison of Years ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 

Management overview. During fiscal 2016, our total revenues were $376.0 million, which was $3.6 million more than the 
$372.4 million in total revenues for fiscal 2015. During the year ended December 31, 2016, our income before tax was $8.5 
million as compared to $31.9 million during the same period of 2015. 

This increase in revenue was primarily attributable to higher net premiums earned, higher net investment income and higher 
commission and fee revenue and lower other-than-temporary impairments on our investment portfolio, partially offset by 
lower realized gains recognized on our investment portfolio during fiscal 2016 as compared to fiscal 2015 and lower finance 
charges. 

The increased net earned premiums were primarily attributable to higher net premiums written in our Specialty Commercial 
Segment and the favorable impact of increased retention under a quota share reinsurance agreement in our Personal Segment 
effective  October  1,  2014,  partially  offset  by  the  adverse  impact  on  the  Standard  Commercial  Segment  of  ceding 
substantially all unearned workers’ compensation premiums effective July 1, 2015. 

The decrease in income before tax for the year ended December 31, 2016 was due primarily to increased loss and LAE of 
$23.5 million, higher operating expenses of $2.8 million and higher interest expense of $0.6 million, partially offset by the 
increased revenue discussed above. The increase in loss and LAE was primarily the result of unfavorable net prior year loss 
reserve  development  and  higher  current  accident  year  loss  trends  in  our  Specialty  Commercial  Segment  and  Personal 
Segment, partially offset by higher favorable net prior year loss reserve development in our Standard Commercial Segment. 
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development of 
$7.6 million as compared to $7.0 million of favorable prior year net loss reserve development for the same period of 2015. 
We incurred an aggregate of $11.0 million of net catastrophe losses during the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared 
to $9.3 million for the same period the prior year. Other operating expenses increased during the year ended December 31, 
2016  primarily  as the  result  of  increased  salary  and  related  expenses  in  our  Specialty  Commercial  Segment  and  a  $1.8 
million payment to settle the earn-out related to the previous acquisition of TBIC accrued during the second quarter of 2016, 
partially offset by lower production related expenses predominately in our Specialty Commercial Segment. The increase in 
interest expense was due to interest on our Facility B revolving credit facility entered into during the fourth quarter of 2015. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
We reported net income of $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, as compared to net income of $21.9 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2015. On a diluted per share basis, net income was $0.34 per share for fiscal 2016 as 
compared to net income of $1.13 per share for fiscal 2015. 

Segment information.  

The following is additional business segment information for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands): 

Specialty Commercial 
Segment 

Standard Commercial 
Segment 

2016 

2015 

2016 

2015 

  Personal Segment 
2015 

2016 

Corporate 

Consolidated 

2016 

2015 

2016 

2015 

Year Ended December 31 

Gross premiums written 

 $ 

 388,914   $ 

 351,050   $ 

 76,891   $ 

 81,892   $ 

 83,272   $ 

 81,281   $ 

 -  $ 

 -  $ 

 549,077   $ 

 514,223  

Ceded premiums written 

 (139,842)   

 (109,275)   

 (8,401)   

 (10,795)   

 (39,005)   

 (37,209)   

Net premiums written 

 249,072    

 241,775    

 68,490    

 71,097    

 44,267    

 44,072    

Change in unearned  
  premiums 

 (7,182)   

 (4,135)   

 (980)   

 1,516    

 (297)   

 (5,244)   

Net premiums earned 

 241,890    

 237,640    

 67,510    

 72,613    

 43,970    

 38,828    

 -   

 -   

 -   

 -   

 -   

 (187,248)   

 (157,279) 

 -   

 361,829    

 356,944  

 -   

 (8,459)   

 (7,863) 

 -   

 353,370    

 349,081  

Total revenues 

 255,897    

 249,910    

 71,966    

 76,864    

 49,826    

 45,538    

 (1,737)   

 90    

 375,952    

 372,402  

Losses and loss adjustment  
  expenses 

 169,125    

 148,664    

 24,417    

 40,277    

69.9%   

25.3%   

95.2%   

62.6%   
25.6%   
88.2%   

 41,173    
 -   
 8,866    

61.0%   

33.0%   

94.0%   

 47,071    

 6,687    

64.8%   
32.6%   
97.4%   

 43,390    
 -     
 (6,839)   

 34,414    

 -  

 -   

 253,688    

 230,149  

 (885)   

 (17,966)   

 (14,193)   

 8,478    

 31,886  

98.7%   

21.5%   

88.6%   

19.0%   

120.2%   

107.6%   

71.8%   

28.0%   

99.8%   

65.9% 

28.0% 

93.9% 

Pre-tax income (loss) 

Net loss ratio (1) 

Net expense ratio (1) 

Net combined ratio (1) 

Favorable (Unfavorable)  
  Prior Year Development 

 (12,502)   

 2,147    

 9,901    

 7,416    

 (5,007)   

 (2,610)   

 (7,608)   

 6,953  

 1 

The net loss ratio is calculated as incurred losses and LAE divided by net premiums earned, each determined in accordance with GAAP. 
The net expense ratio is calculated as total underwriting expenses offset by agency fee income divided by net premiums earned, each 
determined in accordance with GAAP.  Net combined ratio is calculated as the sum of the net loss ratio and the net expense ratio.  

Specialty Commercial Segment.  

Gross premiums written for the Specialty Commercial Segment were $388.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, 
which was $37.9 million, or 11%, more than the $351.0 million reported for the same period in 2015. Net premiums written 
were $249.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to $241.8 million reported for the same period in 
2015. The increase in gross and net premiums written was due to increased premium production in both our Contract Binding 
and our Specialty Commercial operating units. 

The $255.9 million of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $6.0 million higher than the $249.9 million 
reported for 2015. This 2% increase in revenue was due to higher net premiums earned of $4.3 million due predominately 
to increased production discussed above. Further contributing to this increased revenue was higher net investment income 

50 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
of $1.4 million, higher commission and fees of $0.3 million and higher other income of $0.1 million, partially offset by 
lower finance charges of $0.1 million. 

Pre-tax income for the Specialty Commercial Segment of $24.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $15.9 
million lower than the $40.3 million reported for the same period in 2015. This decrease in pre-tax income was primarily 
due to higher loss and LAE expenses of $20.5 million and higher operating expense of $1.4 million, partially offset by the 
increased revenue discussed above. 

Our Contract Binding operating unit reported a $16.5 million increase in loss and LAE due primarily to $11.3 million of 
unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized during the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to 
$1.2 million of unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized for the same period the prior year, as well 
as higher current accident year loss trends. Our Specialty Commercial operating unit reported a $2.1 million increase in loss 
and LAE which consisted of (a) a $1.6 million increase in loss and LAE attributable to our medical professional liability 
insurance products, (b) a $0.8 million increase in loss and LAE in our commercial umbrella and primary/excess liability 
line of business, (c) a $0.8 million increase in loss and LAE attributable to our primary/excess property insurance products, 
partially offset by (d) a $1.1 million decrease in loss and LAE attributable to our satellite launch insurance line of business 
due primarily to favorable current accident year loss trend. Our specialty programs reported a $1.9 million increase in loss 
and LAE due primarily to $0.7 million of unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized during the year 
ended December 31, 2016 as compared to $1.4 million of favorable prior year net loss reserve development recognized for 
the same period the prior year. The increase of $1.4 million in operating expense was the combined result of increased salary 
and related expenses of $3.8 million, higher travel related expenses of $0.2 million, higher occupancy and other expenses 
of $0.9 million and higher professional service fee expenses of $0.1 million, partially offset by lower production related 
expenses of $3.6 million due primarily to increased ceding commissions in our Specialty Commercial operating unit. 

The Specialty Commercial Segment reported a net loss ratio of 69.9% for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared 
to 62.6% for the same period during 2015. The gross loss ratio before reinsurance was 67.3% for the year ended December 
31, 2016 as compared to 61.6% for the same period in 2015. The higher gross and net loss ratio included $12.5 million of 
unfavorable prior year net loss reserve development for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to $2.1 million of 
favorable prior year net loss reserve development for the same period during 2015, as well as higher current accident year 
loss trends. 

Standard Commercial Segment.  

Gross premiums written for the Standard Commercial Segment were $76.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, 
which was $5.0 million, or 6%, less than the $81.9 million reported for the same period in 2015. Net premiums written were 
$68.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to $71.1 million reported for the same period in 2015. 
The decrease in premium volume was primarily due to lower premium production in our Workers Compensation operating 
unit due to the renewal rights agreement entered into during the second quarter of 2015 and subsequently amended during 
the third quarter of 2015 to cede substantially all of the unearned premium effective July 1, 2015. 

Total revenue for the Standard Commercial Segment of $72.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $4.9 
million less than the $76.9 million reported during the year ended December 31, 2015. This 6% decrease in total revenue 
was mostly due to the Workers Compensation operating unit experiencing both a $0.6 million gain during the year ended 
December 31, 2015 in connection with the transfer of renewal rights and a $5.1 million decrease in net premiums earned 
during 2016 primarily as a result of ceding substantially all unearned premiums as of July 1, 2015 and lower net investment 
income of $0.2 million. These decreases in revenue were partially offset by a decreased adverse profit share commission 
revenue adjustment of $1.0 million. 

Our Standard Commercial Segment reported pre-tax income of $8.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 which 
was $2.2 million higher than the $6.7 million reported for the same period of 2015. Lower loss and LAE of $5.9 million 
was the primary driver for the higher pre-tax income, as well as lower operating expenses of $1.2 million, partially offset 
by the decreased revenue discussed above. 

51 

 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
The net loss ratio for the year ended December 31, 2016 was 61.0% as compared to the 64.8% reported for the year ended 
December 31, 2015. The gross loss ratio before reinsurance was 59.6% for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared 
to 63.4% for the prior year. The lower gross and net loss ratios resulted primarily from lower premium volume, lower current 
accident year non-catastrophe loss trends and increased favorable net loss reserve development partially offset by higher 
current accident year catastrophe losses. The net loss ratios for the year ended December 31, 2016 include $8.4 million of 
catastrophe related losses. The net loss ratios for the year ended December 31, 2015 include $7.8 million of catastrophe 
related losses. During the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Standard Commercial Segment reported favorable 
prior  year  net  loss  reserve  development  of  $9.9  million  and  $7.4  million,  respectively.  During  2016,  our  Standard 
Commercial P&C operating unit experienced net favorable development primarily in the general liability line of business 
in the 2011-2015 accident years and the 2009 and prior accident years, partially offset by net unfavorable development in 
the occupational accident line of business in the 2014 and 2015 accident years. Our Workers Compensation operating unit 
experienced net favorable development in the 2015 and prior accident years. The Standard Commercial Segment reported 
a net expense ratio of 33.0% for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to 32.6% for the same period of 2015. The 
increase  in  the  expense  ratio  was  primarily  due  to  the  runoff  of  our  Workers  Compensation  operating  unit  and  the 
discontinued marketing of new and renewal occupational accident policies during 2016. 

Personal Segment.  

Gross premiums written for the Personal Segment were $83.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, which was 
$2.0  million  more  than the  $81.3  million reported for  the  same  period in  2015. Net  premiums  written  for our  Personal 
Segment were $44.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, which was an increase of $0.2 million from the $44.1 
million reported for the same period of 2015. 

Total revenue for the Personal Segment increased 9% to $49.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 from $45.5 
million the prior year. The $4.3 million increase in revenue was primarily due to higher net premiums earned of $5.1 million 
due  mostly  to  increased  retention  under  a  quota  share  reinsurance  agreement  effective  October  1,  2014  and  higher  net 
investment income of $0.1 million, partially offset by lower finance charges of $0.9 million. 

Our Personal Segment reported a pre-tax loss of $6.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to pre-tax 
loss of $0.9 million for the same period of 2015. The pre-tax loss was the result of increased losses and LAE of $9.0 million 
and increased operating expenses of $1.2 million, partially offset by the increased revenue discussed above. 

The Personal Segment reported a net loss ratio of 98.7% for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to 88.6% for 
the  same  period  in  2015. The  gross loss ratio before  reinsurance  was  94.8% for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  as 
compared to 80.8% for the same period in 2015. The higher gross and net loss ratios were primarily the result of unfavorable 
prior year net loss reserve development of $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to unfavorable 
prior year net loss reserve development of $2.6 million for the same period of 2015, as well as higher current accident year 
loss trends. During 2016, our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit experienced net unfavorable development attributable 
to  the  2015  and  prior  accident  years  in  the  private  passenger  auto  liability  line  of  business.  The  increase  in  operating 
expenses  of  $1.2  million  was  the  combined  result  of  $0.4  million  increase  in  other  operating  expenses  driven  by  our 
investment in technology, a $0.3 million increase in production related expenses, a $0.4 million increase in salary and related 
expenses and a $0.1 million increase in professional service fees and occupancy expenses. The Personal Segment reported 
a net expense ratio of 21.5% for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to 19.0% for the same period of 2015. 

Corporate.  

Total revenue for Corporate decreased by $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to the same 
period the  prior  year. This  decrease  in  total  revenue was  due to  lower  net  realized  gains  recognized  on  our  investment 
portfolio of $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to the same period of 2015, partially offset by 
higher net investment income of $1.1 million and lower other-than-temporary impairments of $0.4 million. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
Corporate pre-tax loss was $18.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to pre-tax loss of $14.2 million 
for the same period of 2015. The increase in pre-tax loss was primarily due to the decreased revenue discussed above, higher 
operating expenses of $1.3 million and increased interest expense of $0.6 million. The increase in operating expenses of 
$1.3 million was due primarily to an additional $1.8 million earn-out paid in conjunction with the previous acquisition of 
TBIC and higher other operating expenses of $0.1 million, partially offset by lower salary and related expenses of $0.4 
million due primarily to lower incentive compensation expense in 2016, lower professional service fee expense of $0.1 
million and lower travel and related expenses of $0.1 million. The increase in interest expense of $0.6 million was due 
primarily to the interest expense under Facility B, partially offset by a reduction in interest expense due to the transition 
from a fixed interest rate to a lower floating interest rate as of June 15, 2015 on our Trust I subordinated debt securities. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Sources and Uses of Funds  

Our sources of funds are from insurance-related operations, financing activities and investing activities. Major sources of 
funds from  operations  include  premiums  collected  (net  of  policy  cancellations and  premiums  ceded),  commissions  and 
processing and service fees. As a holding company, Hallmark is dependent on dividend payments and management fees 
from its subsidiaries to meet operating expenses and debt obligations. As of December 31, 2017, we had $11.8 million in 
unrestricted  cash and  cash equivalents,  as  well  as  $0.1  million in debt  securities,  at  the holding  company  and  our  non-
insurance  subsidiaries.  As  of  that  date,  our  insurance  subsidiaries  held  $53.2  million  of  unrestricted  cash  and  cash 
equivalents as well as $605.6 million in debt securities with an average modified duration of 1.6 years. Accordingly, we do 
not anticipate selling long-term debt instruments to meet any liquidity needs. 

AHIC and TBIC, domiciled in Texas, are limited in the payment of dividends to their stockholders in any 12-month period, 
without the prior written consent of the Texas Department of Insurance, to the greater of statutory net income for the prior 
calendar year or 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the prior year end. HIC and HNIC, both domiciled in Arizona, 
are limited in the payment of dividends to the lesser of 10% of prior year policyholders’ surplus or prior year's net investment 
income, without prior written approval from the Arizona Department of Insurance. HSIC, domiciled in Oklahoma, is limited 
in the payment of dividends to the greater of 10% of prior year policyholders’ surplus or prior year’s statutory net income, 
not including realized capital gains, without prior written approval from the Oklahoma Insurance Department. For all our 
insurance  companies, dividends  may  only  be  paid from  unassigned  surplus funds.  During  2018, the  aggregate ordinary 
dividend capacity of these subsidiaries is $27.6 million, of which $19.7 million is available to Hallmark. As a county mutual, 
dividends from HCM are payable to policyholders.  During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 our insurance 
company subsidiaries paid $11.4 million and $10.5 million, respectively, in dividends to Hallmark.  

The state insurance departments also regulate financial transactions between our insurance subsidiaries and their affiliated 
companies. Applicable regulations require approval of management fees, expense sharing contracts and similar transactions. 
During  2017  our  insurance  subsidiaries  did  not  pay  management  fees  to  Hallmark  or  our  non-insurance  company 
subsidiaries. The net amount paid in management fees by our insurance subsidiaries to Hallmark and our non-insurance 
company subsidiaries was $1.1 million and $1.3 million during 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

Statutory capital and surplus is calculated as statutory assets less statutory liabilities. The various state insurance departments 
that regulate our insurance company subsidiaries require us to maintain a minimum statutory capital and surplus. As of 
December  31,  2017,  our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  reported  statutory  capital  and  surplus  of  $233.3  million, 
substantially greater than the minimum requirements for each state. Each of our insurance company subsidiaries is also 
required to satisfy certain risk-based capital requirements. (See, “Item 1. Business  – Insurance Regulation – Risk-based 
Capital Requirements.”)  As of December 31, 2017, the adjusted capital under the risk-based capital calculation of each of 
our  insurance  company  subsidiaries  substantially  exceeded the  minimum  requirements.  Our total statutory  premium-to-
surplus percentage for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was 157% and 146%, respectively. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comparison of December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2016  

On a consolidated basis, our cash and investments, excluding restricted cash and investments, at December 31, 2017 were 
$726.3 million compared to $733.8 million at December 31, 2016. The primary reasons for the decrease in unrestricted cash 
and investments were settlement of prior year investment trades, capital expenditures and repurchases of common stock, 
partially offset by cash flow from operations.  

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016  

Net cash provided by our consolidated operating activities was $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared 
to $30.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The decrease in operating cash flow was primarily due to increased 
paid losses  including  timing  of  reinsurance  claim  settlements, lower  collected  net  premiums  and  lower finance charges 
collected, partially offset by lower taxes paid, lower net paid operating expenses and higher collected net investment income.  

Cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2017 was $16.8 million as compared to $58.2 million 
for the prior year. The decrease in cash used by investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2017 was comprised 
of an increase of $100.9 million in maturities, sales and redemptions of investment securities, a decrease in purchases of 
property and equipment of $1.6 million and an increase in transfers from restricted cash of $3.5 million, partially offset by 
an increase in purchases of debt and equity securities of $64.6 million.  

Cash used in financing activities during the year ended December 31,  2017 was $5.1 million as a result of $5.3 million 
related to the repurchase of our common stock, partially offset by $0.2 million related to proceeds from the exercise of 
employee stock options. Cash used in financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2016 was $7.4 million as a 
result of $6.1 million related to the repurchase of our common stock and $1.8 million payment of the settlement of contingent 
consideration to the sellers of TBIC, partially offset by $0.5 million related to proceeds from the exercise of employee stock 
options.  

Credit Facilities 

Our Second Restated Credit Agreement with Frost Bank (“Frost”) dated June 30, 2015, reinstated the credit facility with 
Frost which expired by its terms on April 30, 2015. The Second Restated Credit Agreement also amended certain provisions 
of the credit facility and restated the agreement with Frost in its entirety.  The Second Restated Credit Agreement provides 
a $15.0 million revolving credit facility (“Facility A”), with a $5.0 million letter of credit sub-facility, which expires on 
June 30, 2018. The outstanding balance of the Facility A bears interest at a rate equal to the prime rate or LIBOR plus 
2.5%, at our election. We pay an annual fee of 0.25% of the average daily unused balance of Facility A and letter of credit 
fees at the rate of 1.00% per annum.  All principal and accrued interest on Facility A becomes due and payable on June 30, 
2018. As of December 31, 2017, we had no outstanding borrowings under Facility A. 

On December 17, 2015, we entered into a First Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement and a Revolving Facility 
B Agreement (the “Facility B Agreement”) with Frost to provide a new $30.0 million revolving credit facility (“Facility 
B”), in addition to Facility A. On November 1, 2016, we amended the Facility B Agreement with Frost to extend by one 
year the termination date for draws under Facility B and the maturity date for amounts outstanding thereunder. We paid 
Frost a commitment fee of $75,000 when Facility B was established and an additional $30,000 fee when Facility B was 
extended. On December 20, 2017, we entered into a Second Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement and a Second 
Amendment to Revolving Facility B Agreement with Frost. The Second Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement 
revised  certain  definitions  in  the  Second  Restated  Credit  Agreement.  The  Second  Amendment  to  Revolving  Facility  B 
Agreement  amended  the  Revolving  Facility  B  Agreement  to  further  extend  by  one  year the termination  date for draws 
thereunder  and  the  maturity  date  for  amounts  outstanding  thereunder.   During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  we  accrued  a 
$30,000 fee payable to Frost when Facility B was extended. 

We may use Facility B loan proceeds solely for the purpose of making capital contributions to AHIC and HIC. As amended, 
we may borrow, repay and reborrow under Facility B until December 17, 2019, at which time all amounts outstanding under 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Facility B are converted to a term loan. Through December 17, 2019, we pay Frost a quarterly fee of 0.25% per annum of 
the average daily unused balance of Facility B. Facility B bears interest at a rate equal to the prime rate or LIBOR plus 
3.00%, at our election. Until December 17, 2019, interest only on amounts from time to time outstanding under Facility B 
are payable quarterly. Any amounts outstanding on Facility B as of December 17, 2019 are converted to a term loan payable 
in quarterly installments over five years based on a seven year amortization of principal plus accrued interest. All remaining 
principal and accrued interest on Facility B become due and payable on December 17, 2024. As of December 31, 2017, we 
had $30.0 million outstanding under Facility B. 

The obligations under both Facility A and Facility B are secured by a security interest in the capital stock of AHIC and 
HIC.  Both Facility A and Facility B contain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain certain financial 
and operating ratios and restrict certain distributions, transactions and organizational changes. We are in compliance with 
or have obtained a waiver of all of these covenants.  

Subordinated Debt Securities 

On  June  21,  2005,  we  entered  into  a  trust  preferred  securities  transaction  pursuant  to  which  we  issued  $30.9  million 
aggregate principal amount of subordinated debt securities due in 2035. To effect the transaction, we formed  Hallmark 
Statutory Trust I (“Trust I”) as a Delaware statutory trust. Trust I issued $30.0 million of preferred securities to investors 
and $0.9 million of common securities to us. Trust I used the proceeds from these issuances to purchase the subordinated 
debt securities. The initial interest rate on our Trust I subordinated debt securities was 7.725% until June 15, 2015, after 
which interest adjusts quarterly to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 3.25 percentage points. Trust I pays dividends on its 
preferred securities at the same rate. Under the terms of our Trust I subordinated debt securities, we pay interest only each 
quarter and the principal of the note at maturity. The subordinated debt securities are uncollaterized and do not require 
maintenance of minimum financial covenants. As of December 31, 2017, the principal balance of our Trust I subordinated 
debt was $30.9 million and the interest rate was 4.84% per annum. 

On August 23, 2007, we entered into a trust preferred securities transaction pursuant to which  we issued $25.8 million 
aggregate principal amount of subordinated debt securities due in 2037. To effect the transaction, we formed Hallmark 
Statutory Trust II (“Trust II”) as a Delaware statutory trust. Trust II issued $25.0 million of preferred securities to investors 
and $0.8 million of common securities to us. Trust II used the proceeds from these issuances to purchase the subordinated 
debt securities. Our Trust II subordinated debt securities bore an initial interest rate of 8.28% until September 15, 2017, 
after which interest adjusts quarterly to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 2.90 percentage points. Trust II pays dividends on 
its preferred securities at the same rate. Under the terms of our Trust II subordinated debt securities, we pay interest only 
each quarter and the principal of the note at maturity. The subordinated debt securities are uncollateralized and do not require 
maintenance of minimum financial covenants. As of December 31, 2017, the principal balance of our Trust II subordinated 
debt was $25.8 million and the interest rate was 4.49% per annum. 

Long-Term Contractual Obligations 

Set forth below is a summary of long-term contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017. Amounts represent estimates 
of gross undiscounted amounts payable over time. In addition, certain unpaid losses and LAE are ceded to others under 
reinsurance contracts and are, therefore, recoverable. Such potential recoverables are not reflected in the table. 

55 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
Estimated Payments by Period (in thousands) 

Total 

2018 

  2019-2020   

2021-2022    After 2023 

Revolving credit facility payable 

  $ 

 30,000    $ 

 -   $ 

 3,214    $ 

 8,571    $ 

 18,215  

Interest on revolving credit facility payable    

 8,477     

 1,607     

 3,127     

 2,352     

 1,391  

Subordinated debt securities (1) 

 56,702     

 -    

 -    

 -    

 56,702  

Interest on subordinated debt securities 

 56,751     

 3,063     

 6,125     

 6,125     

 41,438  

Unpaid losses and LAE (2) 
Operating leases (3) 
Purchase obligations 

 527,100     
 8,462     
 6,067     

 210,592     
 2,398     
 3,650     

 189,523     
 4,402     
 1,965     

 71,762     
 1,662     
 452     

 55,223  
 - 
 - 

(1)  The subordinated debt securities excludes unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.9 million. 
(2)  The payout pattern for unpaid losses and LAE is based upon historical payment patterns and does not represent actual contractual obligations. 

The timing and amount ultimately paid will likely vary from these estimates. 

(3)  Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $35 thousand due in the future under non-cancelable subleases. 

Based on 2018 budgeted and year-to-date cash flow information, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity to meet our 
projected insurance obligations, operational expenses and capital expenditure requirements for the next 12 months. 

Effects of Inflation 

We do not believe that inflation has a material effect on our results of operations, except for the effect that inflation may 
have on interest rates and claim costs. The effects of inflation are considered in pricing and estimating reserves for unpaid 
losses and LAE. The actual effects of inflation on results of operations are not known until claims are ultimately settled. In 
addition to general price inflation, we are exposed to the upward trend in the judicial awards for damages. We attempt to 
mitigate the effects of inflation in the pricing of policies and establishing reserves for losses and LAE.  

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 

We believe that interest rate risk, credit risk and equity risk are the types of market risk to which we are principally exposed. 

Interest rate risk. Our investment portfolio consists largely of investment-grade, fixed-income securities, all of which are 
classified as available-for-sale. Accordingly, the primary market risk exposure to these securities is interest rate risk. In 
general, the fair value of a portfolio of fixed-income securities increases or decreases inversely with changes in market 
interest  rates,  while  net  investment  income  realized  from  future  investments  in  fixed-income  securities  increases  or 
decreases  along  with interest rates. The  fair  value  of  our  fixed-income  securities  as  of  December  31,  2017  was  $605.7 
million. The effective duration of our portfolio as of December 31, 2017 was 1.6 years. Should interest rates increase 1.0%, 
our fixed-income investment portfolio would be expected to decline in market value by 1.6%, or $9.6 million, representing 
the effective duration multiplied by the change in market interest rates. Conversely, a 1.0% decline in interest rates would 
be expected to result in a 1.6%, or $9.6 million, increase in the fair value of our fixed-income investment portfolio. 

Credit risk. An additional exposure to our fixed-income securities portfolio is credit risk. We attempt to manage the credit 
risk by investing primarily in investment-grade securities and limiting our exposure to a single issuer. As of December 31, 
2017,  our  fixed-income  investments  were  in  the  following:  U.S.  Treasury  bonds  –  8.2%;  municipal  bonds  –  22.2%; 
collateralized corporate bank loans –20.8%; corporate bonds – 46.1%; and mortgage-backed –2.7%. As of December 31, 
2017,  79%  of  our  fixed-income  securities  were  rated  investment-grade  by  nationally  recognized  statistical  rating 
organizations. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We are also subject to credit risk with respect to reinsurers to whom we have ceded underwriting risk. Although a reinsurer 
is liable for losses to the extent of the coverage it assumes, we remain obligated to our policyholders in the event that the 
reinsurers do not meet their obligations under the reinsurance agreements. In order to mitigate credit risk to reinsurance 
companies, most of our reinsurance recoverable balance as of December 31, 2017 was with reinsurers having an A.M. Best 
rating of “A-” or better. 

Equity price risk. Investments in equity securities and our other investments that are subject to equity price risk made up 
8.4% of our portfolio as of December 31, 2017. The carrying values of equity securities and our other investments are based 
on quoted market prices as of the balance sheet date. Market prices are subject to fluctuation and, consequently, the amount 
realized in the subsequent sale of an investment may significantly differ from the reported fair value. Fluctuation in the 
market price of a security may result from perceived changes in the underlying economic characteristics of the issuer, the 
relative  price  of  alternative  investments  and  general  market  conditions.  Furthermore,  amounts  realized  in  the  sale  of  a 
particular security may be affected by the relative quantity of the security being sold. 

The fair value of our equity securities and other investments as of December 31, 2017 was $55.6 million. The fair value of 
these securities would increase or decrease by $16.7 million assuming a hypothetical 30% increase or decrease in market 
prices as of the balance sheet date. This would increase or decrease stockholders’ equity by 4.3%. The selected hypothetical 
change does not reflect what should be considered the best or worst case scenario. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

The following consolidated financial statements of Hallmark and its subsidiaries are filed as part of this report.  

3 
Description 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms 
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2017 and 2016 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2017,  
  2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended 
    December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended 
  December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Financial Statement Schedules 

Page Number 
F-2 
F-4 
F-5 

F-6 

F-7 

F-8 
F-9 
F-53 

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

None. 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures  

The  principal  executive  officer  and  principal  financial  officer  of  Hallmark  have  evaluated  our  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures  and  have  concluded  that,  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this  report,  such  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is timely recorded, processed, summarized and reported. The principal executive 
officer and principal financial officer also concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring 
that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under such Act is accumulated  and 
communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, 
to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 

During the three month period ended December 31, 2017, there were no changes in internal control over financial reporting 
that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate “internal control over financial reporting,” as such 
phrase  is  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(f).  Under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  management, 
including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Accounting  Officer,  an  evaluation  of the  effectiveness  of  our  internal 
control over financial reporting was conducted based upon the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued 
by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (2013  Framework).  Based  upon  that 
evaluation, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 
2017. 

BDO USA, LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited our consolidated financial statements as of 
December 31, 2017 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on our internal control 
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. The BDO USA, LLP attestation report, which expresses an unqualified 
opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,  2017, is included in this 
Item under the heading “ Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.”  

58 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Stockholders and Board of Directors  
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and subsidiaries 
Fort Worth, Texas 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We  have  audited  Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  subsidiaries’  (the  “Company’s”)  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO criteria”). In our opinion the 
Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, 
based on the COSO criteria. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2017, the related consolidated statements 
of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017, 
and the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying index and our report dated March 14, 
2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying  Item  9A, 
“Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the 
PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws 
and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control 
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed 
risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe 
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and 
procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and 
that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and 
directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized 
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ BDO USA, LLP 
Dallas, Texas 
March 14, 2018 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9B. Other Information. 

None. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

PART III 

The information required by Item 10 is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the 
fiscal year covered by this report. 

Item 11. Executive Compensation. 

The information required by Item 11 is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the 
fiscal year covered by this report. 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 

The information required by Item 12 is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the 
fiscal year covered by this report. 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 

The information required by Item 13 is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the 
fiscal year covered by this report. 

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services. 

The information required by Item 14 is incorporated by reference from the Registrant's definitive proxy statement to be filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal 
year covered by this report. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. 

(a)(1)  Financial Statements 

PART IV 

The following consolidated financial statements, notes thereto and related information are included in Item 8 
of this report: 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms 
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2017 and 2016 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 
2015 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

(a)(2)  Financial Statement 
Schedules 
The following financial statement schedules are included in this report: 
Schedule II – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company Only) 
Schedule III – Supplemental Insurance Information 
Schedule IV – Reinsurance 
Schedule VI – Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Insurance Operations 

(a)(3)  Exhibit Index 

The following exhibits are either filed with this report or incorporated by reference: 

Exhibit 
Number 
 3.1 

 3.2 

 4.1 

 4.2 

 4.3 

 4.4 

 4.5 

Description 

Restated  Articles  of  Incorporation  of  the  registrant  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  to 
Amendment No. 1 to the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 [Registration No. 333-
136414] filed September 8, 2006). 

Amended and Restated By-Laws of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit  3.1 to the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 28, 2017). 

Specimen certificate for common stock, $0.18 par value, of the registrant (incorporated by reference 
to  Exhibit  4.1  to  Amendment  No.  1  to  the  registrant’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1 
[Registration No. 333-136414] filed September 8, 2006). 

Indenture  dated  June  21,  2005,  between  Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  JPMorgan  Chase 
Bank,  National  Association  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.1  to  the  registrant’s  Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed June 27, 2005).  

Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Hallmark Statutory Trust I dated as of June 21, 2005, 
among Hallmark Financial Services, Inc., as sponsor, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as 
Delaware trustee, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as institutional trustee, and Mark 
Schwarz  and  Mark  Morrison,  as  administrators  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.2  to  the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 27, 2005). 

Form of Junior Subordinated Debt Security Due 2035 (included in Exhibit 4.2 above). 

Form of Capital Security Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.3 above). 

63 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4.6 

4.7 

4.8 

4.9 

4.10 

4.11 

4.12 

4.13 

4.14 

4.15 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

Indenture dated as of August 23, 2007, between Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and The Bank of 
New York Trust Company, National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 24, 2007).  

Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Hallmark Statutory Trust II dated as of August 23, 
2007, among Hallmark Financial Services, Inc., as sponsor, The Bank of New York (Delaware), as 
Delaware trustee, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, National Association, as institutional 
trustee,  and  Mark  Schwarz  and  Mark  Morrison,  as  administrators  (incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 4.2 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 24, 2007). 

Form of Junior Subordinated Debt Security Due 2037 (included in Exhibit 4.7 above). 

Form of Capital Security Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.8 above). 

  Second Restated Credit Agreement among Hallmark Financial Services, Inc., American Hallmark 
Insurance Company of Texas, Hallmark Insurance Company and Frost Bank dated June 30, 2015 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 
2, 2015). 

  First Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement among Hallmark Financial Services, Inc., 
American Hallmark  Insurance Company of Texas, Hallmark Insurance Company and Frost Bank 
dated  December  17,  2015  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  the  registrant’s  Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed December 21, 2015). 

  Revolving Facility B Agreement between Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and Frost Bank dated 
December 17, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed December 21, 2015). 

  First Amendment to Revolving Facility B Agreement between Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and 
Frost Bank dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 2, 2016). 

  Second Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement between Hallmark Financial Services, 
Inc.  and  Frost  Bank  dated  December  20,  2017  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 20, 2017). 

  Second Amendment to Revolving Facility B Agreement between Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. 
and  Frost  Bank  dated  December  20,  2017  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  to  the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 20, 2017). 

Office  Lease  for  6500  Pinecrest,  Plano, Texas,  dated July  22, 2008,  between  Hallmark  Financial 
Services, Inc. and Legacy  Tech IV Associates, Limited Partnership (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 99.1 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 29, 2008). 

  First  Amendment  to  Lease  Agreement  between  BRI  1849  Legacy,  LLC  and  Hallmark  Financial 
Services, Inc. dated January 1, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2015). 

Lease Agreement for 777 Main Street, Fort Worth, Texas, dated June 12, 2003 between Hallmark 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  Crescent  Real  Estate  Funding  I,  L.P.  (incorporated  by  reference  to 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.4 

10.5 

10.6 

10.7 

10.8* 

10.9* 

Exhibit 10(a) to the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended June 30, 
2003). 

Office Lease by and between SAOP Northwest Center, L.P. and Hallmark Specialty Underwriters, 
Inc. dated January 29, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed February 2, 2010). 

First  Amendment  to  Office  Lease  between MS  Crescent  One  SPV,  LLC  and Hallmark  Financial 
Services, Inc., dated February 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 1, 2011). 

  Assignment and Assumption of Lease Agreement and Bill of Sale between Equitymetrix, LLC and 
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. dated March 1, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 2, 2016). 

  Lease between Musref 13727 Noel, L.P. and Equitymetrix, LLC dated March 25, 2009, as amended 
by  First  Amendment  to  Lease  between  Musref  13727  Noel,  L.P.  and  Equitymetrix,  LLC  dated 
February 3, 2010, Second Amendment to Lease between Musref 13727 Noel, L.P. and Equitymetrix, 
LLC  dated July  2,  2013,  and  Third  Amendment  to  Lease  between Musref  13727  Noel,  L.P.  and 
Equitymetrix,  LLC  dated  February  25,  2014  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  to  the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 2, 2016). 

Form of Indemnification Agreement between Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and its officers and 
directors,  adopted  July  19,  2002  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10(c)  to  the  registrant’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended September 30, 2002).  

  Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  Amended  and  Restated  2005  Long  Term  Incentive  Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 
3, 2013). 

10.10* 

  Form of Incentive Stock Option Grant Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the 

registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 3, 2005). 

10.11* 

  Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the 

registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 3, 2005). 

10.12* 

  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the 

registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013). 

10.13* 

10.14* 

10.15* 

Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  2015  Long  Term  Incentive  Plan  (incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 2, 2015). 

Form of Incentive Stock Option Grant Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 2, 2015). 

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 2, 2015). 

10.16* 

  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the 

registrant’s Form 8-K filed June 2, 2015). 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.17 

10.18 

10.19* 

10.20* 

Guarantee Agreement dated as of June 21, 2005, by Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. for the benefit 
of  the  holders  of  trust  preferred  securities  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 27, 2005). 

Guarantee  Agreement  dated  as  of  August  23,  2007,  by  Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  for  the 
benefit of the holders of trust preferred securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the 
registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 24, 2007). 

  Letter  agreement  dated  August  13,  2014,  between  Hallmark  Financial  Services, Inc.  and  Naveen 
Anand (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
filed August 15, 2014).  

  Form of Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation Agreement dated May 29, 2015, between Hallmark 
Financial Services, Inc. and certain employees of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.23 to the registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015). 

21+ 

List of subsidiaries of the registrant. 

23 (a)+ 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.  

23 (b)+ 

  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.  

31(a)+ 

Certification of principal executive officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(b). 

31(b)+ 

Certification of principal financial officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(b). 

32(a)+ 

Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350. 

32(b)+ 

Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350. 

101 INS+ 

XBRL Instance Document. 

101 SCH+ 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. 

101 CAL+ 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. 

101 LAB+ 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. 

101 PRE+ 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. 

101 DEF+ 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. 

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

* 

+ Filed herewith. 

Item 16. Form 10–K Summary.   

Not Applicable. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

2 

Date: 

Date: 

March 14, 2018 

By: /s/ Naveen Anand 

Naveen Anand, Chief Executive Officer and President 

HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. 
(Registrant) 

March 14, 2018 

By: 

/s/ Jeffrey R. Passmore 
Jeffrey R. Passmore, Chief Accounting Officer and Senior Vice 
President 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Date: 

March 14, 2018 

Date: 

March 14, 2018 

Date: 

Date: 

Date: 

Date: 

March 14, 2018 

March 14, 2018 

March 14, 2018 

March 14, 2018 

/s/ Naveen Anand 
Naveen Anand, Chief Executive Officer and President 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

/s/ Jeffrey R. Passmore 
Jeffrey R. Passmore, Chief Accounting Officer and Senior Vice 
President (Principal Financial Officer and 
Principal Accounting Officer) 

/s/ Mark E. Schwarz 
Mark E. Schwarz, Executive Chairman 

/s/ James H. Graves 
James H. Graves, Director 

/s/ Mark E. Pape 
Mark E. Pape, Director 

/s/ Scott T. Berlin 
Scott T. Berlin, Director 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 21 

Subsidiaries of Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. 

Name of Subsidiary 

Jurisdiction of Incorporation 

o  Aerospace Claims Management Group, Inc. 
o  Aerospace Flight, Inc. 
o  Aerospace Holdings, LLC 
o  Aerospace Insurance Managers, Inc. 
o  Aerospace Special Risk, Inc. 
o  American Hallmark General Agency, Inc. 

o  d/b/a Hallmark Specialty Personal Lines 

o  American Hallmark Insurance Company of Texas 
o  American Hallmark Insurance Services, Inc. 

o  d/b/a Hallmark Commercial Insurance Solutions 

o  CYR Insurance Management Company   
o  Effective Claims Management, Inc. 
o  Hallmark Claims Service, Inc. 
o  Hallmark County Mutual Insurance Company* 
o  Hallmark Finance Corporation 
o  Hallmark Insurance Company 

o  d/b/a Hallmark American Insurance Company 

o  Hallmark National Insurance Company   
o  Hallmark Specialty Insurance Company  
o  Hardscrabble Data Solutions, LLC 
o  Heath XS, LLC  

o  d/b/a Hallmark E&S 
o  d/b/a Hallmark E&S Insurance Services, LLC 

o  Pan American Acceptance Corporation   
o  TBIC Holding Corporation, Inc.  
o  TBIC Risk Management, Inc. 
o  Texas Builders Insurance Company 
o  Hallmark Specialty Underwriters, Inc. 
o  TGA Special Risk, Inc.   

Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 

Texas 
Texas 

Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Arizona 

Arizona 
Oklahoma 
New Jersey 
New Jersey 

Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 
Texas 

*  Controlled through a management agreement. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 23(a) 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and subsidiaries 
Fort Worth, Texas 

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-140000), Form 
S-8 (No. 333-160050) and Form S-8 (No. 333-210078) of Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. of our reports dated March 14, 
2018, relating to the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules and the effectiveness of Hallmark 
Financial Services Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting, which appear in this Form 10-K. 

/s/ BDO USA, LLP 

Dallas, Texas 
March 14, 2018 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 23(b) 

Consent Of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm  

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:    

(1)  Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-140000) pertaining to Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. 2005 Long 

Term Incentive Plan; 

(2)  Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-160050) pertaining to Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. 2005 Long 

Term Incentive Plan;  and 

(3)  Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-210078) pertaining to Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. 2015 Long 

Term Incentive Plan; 

of our report dated March 9, 2017, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedules of Hallmark 
Financial Services, Inc. and subsidiaries, included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 
2016. 

/s/ Ernst & Young, LLP 

Fort Worth, Texas 
March 14, 2018 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31(a) 

CERTIFICATIONS 

I, Naveen Anand, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of  Hallmark Financial Services, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my  knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, 
not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;  

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, 
the periods presented in this report;  

4.  The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures [as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)] and internal control over financial reporting 
[as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)] for the Registrant and have:  

a) 

designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being 
prepared; 

b) 

designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles; 

c) 

evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and 

d) 

disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and  

5.  The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over  financial  reporting,  to  the  Registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  Registrant’s  board  of  directors  (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):  

a) 

all  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and  

b) 

any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.  

Date:  March 14, 2018 

/s/ Naveen Anand 
Naveen Anand, Chief Executive Officer 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31(b) 

CERTIFICATIONS 

I, Jeffrey R. Passmore, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Hallmark Financial Services, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my  knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, 
not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, 
the periods presented in this report;  

4.  The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures [as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)] and internal control over financial reporting 
[as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)] for the Registrant and have:  

a) 

designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being 
prepared;  

b) 

designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles; 

c) 

evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and 

d) 

disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and  

5.  The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over  financial  reporting,  to  the  Registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  Registrant’s  board  of  directors  (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):  

a) 

all  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and  

b) 

any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.  

Date:  March 14, 2018  

/s/ Jeffrey R. Passmore 
Jeffrey R. Passmore, Chief Accounting Officer 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32(a) 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 1350  

       I, Naveen Anand, Chief Executive Officer of Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. (the "Company"), hereby certify 
that  the  accompanying  annual  report  on  Form 10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  and  filed  with  the 
Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  "Report"),  fully  complies  with  the  requirements  of 
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. I further certify that the information contained 
in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.  

Date:  March 14, 2018 

/s/ Naveen Anand 

Naveen Anand, 
Chief Executive Officer 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32(b) 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. § 1350  

       I, Jeffrey R. Passmore, Chief Accounting Officer of Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. (the "Company"), hereby 
certify that the accompanying annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, and filed with the 
Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  "Report"),  fully  complies  with  the  requirements  of 
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. I further certify that the information contained 
in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.  

Date:  March 14, 2018 

/s/ Jeffrey R. Passmore   

Jeffrey R. Passmore, 
Chief Accounting Officer 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Description 

Page Number 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms 

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2017 and 2016 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2017,  
  2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended    
  December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended  
  December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2017,  
  2016 and 2015 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Financial Statement Schedules 

F-2 

F-4 

F-5 

F-6 

F-7 

F-8 

F-9 

  F-53 

F-1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Stockholders and Board of Directors  
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and subsidiaries 
Fort Worth, Texas 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements  
We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheet  of  Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  (the 
“Company”)  and  subsidiaries  as  of  December  31,  2017,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations, 
comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017, and the 
related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the 
“consolidated financial statements”).    In  our  opinion, the  consolidated  financial statements  present fairly,  in  all 
material respects, the financial position of the Company and subsidiaries at December 31, 2017, and the results of 
their  operations  and  their  cash  flows  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  in  conformity  with  accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (“PCAOB”), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on 
criteria established in  Internal Control  – Integrated Framework  (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”)  and  our  report  dated  March  14,  2018  expressed  an 
unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is 
to express  an  opinion  on the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  based  on  our  audit. We are  a  public 
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in 
accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of 
material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. 

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial 
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures 
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that 
our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ BDO USA, LLP 

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017. 

Dallas, Texas 
March 14, 2018 

F-2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report Of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of 
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and subsidiaries 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Hallmark  Financial  Services,  Inc.  and 
subsidiaries  (the  Company)  as  of  December  31,  2016,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations, 
comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the  two years in the period ended 
December  31,  2016.  Our  audits  also  included  the  financial  statement  schedules  listed  in  Item  15(a)(2).  These 
financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to 
express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the 
accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall 
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial position of Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2016, and the consolidated 
results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2016, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement 
schedules,  when  considered  in  relation  to  the  basic  financial  statements  taken  as  a  whole,  present  fairly,  in  all 
material respects, the information set forth therein. 

 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP 

Fort Worth, Texas 
March 9, 2017 

F-3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 ($ in thousands) 

ASSETS 
Investments: 

Debt securities, available-for-sale,  
  at fair value (amortized cost; $604,999 in 2017 and $597,784 in 2016) 
Equity securities, available-for-sale,  
  at fair value (cost; $30,253 in 2017 and $31,449 in 2016) 

Other investments (cost; $3,763 in 2017 and $3,763 in 2016) 

Total investments 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash 
Ceded unearned premiums 
Premiums receivable 
Accounts receivable 
Receivable for securities 
Reinsurance recoverable 
Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Goodwill 
Intangible assets, net 
Deferred federal income taxes, net 
Federal income tax recoverable 
Prepaid expenses 
Other assets 

  Total assets 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
Liabilities: 

Revolving credit facility payable 
Subordinated debt securities (less unamortized debt issuance cost of $949 in 2017 and $1,001  
  in 2016) 
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses 
Unearned premiums 
Reinsurance balances payable 
Pension liability 
Payable for securities 
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses 

Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16) 

Stockholders’ equity: 

Common stock, $.18 par value, authorized 33,333,333 shares; issued 20,872,831 shares in 2017  
  and 2016 
Additional paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
Treasury stock (2,703,803 shares in 2017 and  2,260,849 in 2016), at cost 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 605,746    $ 

 597,457  

 51,763    
 3,824    
 661,333    
 64,982    
 2,651    
 112,323    
 104,373    
 1,513    
 5,235    
 182,928    
 16,002    
 44,695    
 10,023    
 1,937    
 7,532    
 1,743    
 13,856    
 1,231,126    $ 

 51,711  

 4,951  

 654,119  

 79,632  
 7,327  
 81,482  
 89,715  
 2,269  
 3,047  
 147,821  
 19,193  
 44,695  
 12,491  
 1,365  
 3,951  
 1,552  
 13,801  

 1,162,460  

  $ 

  $ 

 30,000    $ 

 30,000  

 55,753    
 527,100    
 276,642    
 52,487    
 1,605    
 7,488    
 28,933    
 980,008    

 3,757    
 123,180    
 136,474    
 12,234    
 (24,527)   

 55,701  
 481,567  
 241,254  
 46,488  
 2,203  
 14,215  
 25,296  

 896,724  

 3,757  
 123,166  
 148,027  
 10,371  
 (19,585) 

 265,736  

 1,162,460  

Total stockholders’ equity 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 

 251,118    
 1,231,126    $ 

  $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements 

F-4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
    
    
 
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
 
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
 
    
    
  
 
    
    
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
($ in thousands, except per share amounts) 

Gross premiums written 
Ceded premiums written 

Net premiums written 

Change in unearned premiums 
Net premiums earned 

Investment income, net of expenses 
Net realized gains 
Other-than-temporary impairments 
Finance charges 
Commission and fees 
Other income 

Total revenues 

Losses and loss adjustment expenses 
Operating expenses 
Interest expense 

Amortization of intangible assets 

Total expenses 

(Loss) income before tax 

Income tax (benefit) expense 

Net (loss) income 

Net (loss) income per share: 

Basic 

Diluted 

2017 

2016 

2015 

 604,156    $ 
 (238,573)    
 365,583     
 (4,546)    
 361,037     

 18,874     
 5,672     
 (5,877)    
 3,867     
 1,679     
 269     

 385,521     

 288,308     
 106,805     
 4,512     
 2,468     

 402,093     

 (16,572)    
 (5,019)    

 549,077    $ 
 (187,248)    
 361,829     
 (8,459)    
 353,370     

 16,342     
 2,519     
 (2,888)    
 4,977     
 1,427     
 205     

 375,952     

 253,688     
 106,769     
 4,549     
 2,468     

 367,474     

 8,478     
 1,952     

 514,223  
 (157,279) 

 356,944  

 (7,863) 
 349,081  

 13,969  
 5,826  
 (3,323) 
 5,952  
 213  
 684  

 372,402  

 230,149  
 103,993  
 3,906  

 2,468  

 340,516  

 31,886  

 10,023  

 (11,553)   $ 

 6,526    $ 

 21,863  

 (0.63)   $ 
 (0.63)   $ 

 0.35    $ 
 0.34    $ 

 1.14  

 1.13  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements 

F-5 

 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
($ In thousands) 

Net (loss) income 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Change in net actuarial gain (loss)     

Tax effect on change in net actuarial gain (loss)   

Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period 
Tax effect on unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during  
  the period 

Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income  
Tax effect on reclassification adjustment for gains included  
  in net income  

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 (11,553)   $ 

 6,526    $ 

 21,863  

 548     
 (192)    
 9,117     

 (3,191)    

 (6,799)    

 2,380     
 1,863     

 (145)    
 51     
 6,019     

 (2,107)    

 (1,331)    

 466     
 2,953     

 9,479    $ 

 43  

 (15) 

 (10,191) 

 3,567  

 (5,826) 

 2,039  

 (10,383) 

 11,480  

Comprehensive (loss) income  

  $ 

 (9,690)   $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements 

F-6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
(In thousands) 

Number 
of 

Shares   Par Value  

Additional 
Paid-In 
Capital   

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income 

Retained 
Earnings   

Treasury 
Stock 

Number 
of 
Shares  

Total 
Stockholders' 
Equity 

Balance at January 1, 2015 

20,873   $   3,757    $ 

123,194   $ 

119,638    $ 

 17,801  

 $ 

(12,353)    

1,655   $ 

 252,037  

Acquisition of treasury stock 

Equity incentive plan activity 
Shares issued under employee benefit plans  
Net income 

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax 

 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

 -   
 383    
 (97)   
 -   
 -   

 -   
 -   
 -   
 21,863    
 -   

 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 (10,383)    

 (2,532)   
 -   
 755    
 -   
 -   

 -   
 (100)   
 -   
 -   

 221  

 (2,532) 

Balance at December 31, 2015 

Acquisition of treasury stock 
Equity incentive plan activity 
Shares issued under employee benefit plans  
Net income 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 

Balance at December 31, 2016 

Acquisition of treasury stock 
Equity incentive plan activity 
Shares issued under employee benefit plans  
Net loss 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax 

20,873   $ 
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

20,873   $ 
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

 3,757   $ 

 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

123,480   $ 
 -   
 (118)   
 (196)   
 -   
 -   

141,501   $ 
 -   
 -   
 -   
 6,526    
 -   

 3,757   $ 
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

123,166   $ 
 -   
 149    
 (135)   
 -   
 -   

148,027   $ 
 -   
 -   
 -   
 (11,553)   
 -   

 7,418  

 $ 

 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

(14,130)   
 (6,117)   
 -   
 662    
 -   
 -   

1,776   $ 
 562    
 -   
 (77)   
 -   
 -   

 2,953  

 10,371  

 1,863  

 $ 
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   

(19,585)   
 (5,308)   
 -   
 366    
 -   
 -   

2,261   $ 
 484    
 -   
 (41)   
 -   
 -   

Balance at December 31, 2017 

20,873   $ 

 3,757   $ 

123,180   $ 

136,474   $ 

 12,234  

 $ 

(24,527)   

2,704   $ 

 251,118  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements 

F-7 

 383  

 658  
 21,863  

 (10,383) 

 262,026  

 (6,117) 

 (118) 
 466  
 6,526  
 2,953  

 265,736  

 (5,308) 
 149  
 231  
 (11,553) 

 1,863  

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015  
($ in thousands) 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net (loss) income  

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to cash provided by operating activities: 

2017 

2016 

2015 

 $ 

 (11,553)   $ 

 6,526    $ 

 21,863  

Depreciation and amortization expense 
Deferred federal income taxes 
Net realized gains 
Other-than-temporary impairments 
Share-based payments expense 
Change in ceded unearned premiums 
Change in premiums receivable 
Change in accounts receivable 
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs 
Change in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses 
Change in unearned premiums 
Change in reinsurance recoverable 
Change in reinsurance balances payable 
Change in current federal income tax recoverable  
Change in all other liabilities 
Change in all other assets 

Net cash provided by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Purchases of property and equipment 
Net transfers from restricted cash 
Purchases of investment securities 

Maturities, sales and redemptions of investment securities 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Activity under revolving credit facility, net 
Payment of debt issuance costs 
Payment of contingent consideration 
Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options 
Purchase of treasury shares 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities 

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

Supplemental cash flow information: 

Interest paid 
Income taxes paid  

Supplemental schedule of non-cash activities: 

Change in receivable for securities related to investment disposals that settled  
  after the balance sheet date 

Change in payable for securities related to investment purchases that settled  
  after the balance sheet date 

 4,715     
 (1,575)    
 (5,672)    
 5,877     
 149     
 (30,841)    
 (14,658)    
 756     
 3,191     
 45,533     
 35,388     
 (35,107)    
 5,999     
 (3,581)    
 3,091     
 5,487     
 7,199     

 3,894     
 405     
 (2,519)    
 2,888     
 (118)    
 (16,388)    
 (6,339)    
 (264)    
 1,173     
 30,689     
 24,847     
 (33,534)    
 12,747     
 (2,172)    
 3,586     
 5,433     
 30,854     

 (2,705)    
 4,676     
 (305,930)    
 287,187     
 (16,772)    

 (4,340)    
 1,195     
 (241,374)    
 186,286     
 (58,233)    

 -    
 -    
 -    
 231     
 (5,308)    
 (5,077)    
 (14,650)    
 79,632     
 64,982    $ 

 -    
 -    
 (1,784)    
 466     
 (6,117)    
 (7,435)    
 (34,814)    
 114,446     
 79,632    $ 

 3,516  
 (1,030) 
 (5,826) 
 3,323  
 383  
 (11,718) 
 (12,373) 
 1,136  
 380  
 35,743  
 19,581  
 (4,568) 
 7,338  
 (2,747) 
 (1,368) 
 (697) 

 52,936  

 (3,608) 
 3,392  
 (265,482) 

 169,409  
 (96,289) 

 30,000  
 (96) 
 (1,216) 
 658  
 (2,532) 

 26,814  
 (16,539) 
 130,985  

 114,446  

 4,506    $ 
 137    $ 

 4,287    $ 
 3,718    $ 

 3,906  
 13,800  

 (2,188)   $ 

 7,377    $ 

 (9,492) 

 (6,727)   $ 

 13,118    $ 

 (224) 

  $ 

 $ 
 $ 

$ 

$ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements 

F-8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
  
  
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

1.  Accounting Policies: 

General 

Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. (“Hallmark” and, together with subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we,” “us” or “our”) 
is an insurance holding company engaged in the sale of property/casualty insurance products to businesses and 
individuals. Our business involves marketing, distributing, underwriting and servicing our insurance products, as 
well as providing other insurance related services. 

We  market,  distribute,  underwrite  and  service  our  property/casualty  insurance  products  primarily  through 
subsidiaries  whose  operations  are  organized  into  product-specific  operating  units  that  are  supported  by  our 
insurance  company  subsidiaries.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  handles  primarily  commercial  insurance 
products  and  services  and  is  comprised  of  Hallmark  Specialty  Underwriters,  Inc.  (“HSU”),  Pan  American 
Acceptance Corporation (“PAAC”) and TGA Special Risk, Inc. (“TGASRI”). Our Specialty Commercial operating 
unit offers (i) general aviation insurance products and services, (ii) low and middle market commercial umbrella 
and excess liability insurance, (iii) medical and financial professional liability insurance products and services, (iv) 
satellite launch insurance products, and (v) primary/excess commercial property coverages for both catastrophe and 
non-catastrophe exposures. Certain specialty programs are also managed by our Specialty Commercial operating 
unit. Our Specialty Commercial operating unit is comprised of Aerospace Insurance Managers, Inc. (“Aerospace 
Insurance  Managers”),  Aerospace  Special  Risk,  Inc.  (“ASRI”),  Aerospace  Claims  Management  Group,  Inc. 
(“ACMG”), Heath XS, LLC (“HXS”) and Hardscrabble Data Solutions, LLC (“HDS”). Our Standard Commercial 
P&C operating unit handles commercial insurance products and services and is comprised of American Hallmark 
Insurance  Services,  Inc.  (“American  Hallmark  Insurance  Services”)  and  Effective  Claims  Management,  Inc. 
(“ECM”). Our Workers Compensation operating unit specializes in small and middle market workers compensation 
business  and  is  comprised  of  TBIC  Holding  Corporation,  Inc.  (“TBIC  Holding”),  Texas  Builders  Insurance 
Company (“TBIC”) and TBIC Risk Management (“TBICRM”). Effective July 1, 2015, this operating unit ceased 
marketing or retaining any risk on new or renewal policies.  Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit handles 
personal insurance products and services and is comprised of American Hallmark General Agency, Inc. (“AHGA”) 
and Hallmark Claims Services, Inc. (“HCS”). Our insurance company subsidiaries supporting these operating units 
are American Hallmark Insurance Company of Texas (“AHIC”), Hallmark Insurance Company (“HIC”), Hallmark 
Specialty  Insurance  Company  (“HSIC”),  Hallmark  County  Mutual  Insurance  Company  (“HCM”),  Hallmark 
National Insurance Company (“HNIC”) and TBIC. 

These operating units are segregated into three reportable industry segments for financial accounting purposes. The 
Specialty  Commercial  Segment  includes  our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  and  our  Specialty  Commercial 
operating unit. The Standard Commercial Segment includes our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit and our 
Workers  Compensation  operating  unit.  The  Personal  Segment  consists  solely  of  our  Specialty  Personal  Lines 
operating unit. 

Basis of Presentation 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  and  operations  of  Hallmark  and  its 
subsidiaries.  Intercompany  accounts  and  transactions  have  been  eliminated.  The  accompanying  consolidated 
financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  conformity  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles 
(“GAAP”) which, as to our insurance company subsidiaries, differ from statutory accounting practices prescribed 
or permitted for insurance companies by insurance regulatory authorities. 

F-9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Reclassifications 

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements 

Our  preparation  of financial  statements in conformity  with  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and 
assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and our 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management evaluates its estimates and 
assumptions  on  an  ongoing  basis  using  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including  the  current  economic 
environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. We adjust such estimates and 
assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Since future events and their effects cannot be determined with 
precision,  actual  results  could  differ  significantly  from  these  estimates.  Changes  in  estimates  resulting  from 
continuing changes in the economic environment may be reflected in the financial statements in future periods. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

Fair value estimates are made at a point in time, based on relevant market data as well as the best information 
available about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates for financial instruments for which no or limited 
observable  market  data  is  available  are  based  on  judgments  regarding  current  economic  conditions,  credit  and 
interest rate risk. These estimates involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with 
precision. As a result, such calculated fair value estimates may not be realizable in a current sale or immediate 
settlement of the instrument. In addition, changes in the underlying assumptions used in the fair value measurement 
technique, including discount rate and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect these fair value 
estimates. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate 
their fair values. 

Restricted Cash: The carrying amount for restricted cash reported in the balance sheet approximates the fair value. 

Revolving Credit Facility Payable: Our revolving credit facility with Frost Bank had a carried value of $30.0 million 
and a fair value of $30.2 million as of December 31,  2017 and December 31, 2016.  The fair value is based on 
discounted  cash  flows  using  a  discount  rate  derived  from  LIBOR  spot  rates  plus  a  market  spread  resulting  in 
discount rates ranging between 3.6% to 4.2% for each future payment date.  This revolving credit facility would be 
included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy if it was reported at fair value. 

Subordinated debt securities: Our trust preferred securities are reported at carry value of $55.8 million and $55.7 
million, and had a fair value of $43.7 million and $44.2 million, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 
The fair value of our trust preferred securities is based on discounted cash flows using current yields to maturity of 
8.0% and 8.0% as of December 31,  2017 and 2016, respectively, which are based on similar issues to discount 
future cash flows and would be included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy if they were reported at fair value. 

For reinsurance balances, premiums receivable, federal income tax payable, other assets and other liabilities, the 
carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short maturity of such financial instruments. 

F-10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Investments 

Debt and equity securities available for sale are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as 
a component of stockholders’ equity, net of related tax effects. Equity securities that are determined to have other-
than-temporary impairment are recognized as a loss on investments in the consolidated statements of operations. 
Debt securities that are determined to have other-than-temporary impairment are recognized as a loss on investments 
in the consolidated statements of operations for the portion that is related to credit deterioration with the remaining 
portion  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income.  Debt  security  premiums  and  discounts  are  amortized  into 
earnings using the effective interest method. Maturities of debt securities and sales of equity securities are recorded 
in receivable for securities until the cash is settled. Purchases of debt and equity securities are recorded in payable 
for securities until the cash is settled. 

Other investments consists of an equity warrant which is reported at fair value.  Unrealized gains and losses are 
reported in the statement of operations as a component of net realized gains (losses). 

Realized investment gains and losses are recognized in operations on the first in-first out method. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. 

Restricted Cash 

Restricted cash consists of amounts held in restricted accounts as collateral for certain reinsurance arrangements 
with  unaffiliated  insurance  companies,  as  well  as  premiums  we  collect  from  customers  and,  after  deducting 
authorized  commissions,  remit  to  third  party  insurers.  Unremitted  insurance  premiums  are  held  in  a  fiduciary 
capacity until disbursed to the third party insurer. 

Premiums Receivable 

Premiums receivable represent amounts due from policyholders or independent agents for premiums written and 
uncollected. These balances are carried at net realizable value. 

Reinsurance 

We are routinely involved in reinsurance transactions with other companies. Reinsurance premiums, losses and loss 
adjustment expenses (“LAE”) are accounted for on bases consistent with those used in accounting for the original 
policies issued and the terms of the reinsurance contracts. (See Note 7.)  

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs 

Policy acquisition costs (mainly commission, underwriting and marketing expenses) that are directly related to the 
successful acquisition of new and renewal insurance contracts are deferred and charged to operations over periods 
in which the related premiums are earned. The method followed in computing deferred policy acquisition costs 
limits the amount of such deferred costs to their estimated realizable value. In determining estimated realizable 
value, the computation gives effect to the premium to be earned, expected investment income, losses and LAE and 
certain other costs expected to be incurred as the premiums are earned. If the computation results in an estimated 
net realizable value less than zero, a liability will be accrued for the premium deficiency. During 2017, 2016 and 
2015, we deferred $31.1 million, $37.9 million and $32.3 million of policy acquisition costs and amortized $34.3 

F-11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

million,  $39.1  million  and  $32.7  million  of  deferred  policy  acquisition  costs,  respectively.  Therefore,  the  net 
(amortization) deferrals of policy acquisition costs were ($3.2) million, ($1.2) million and ($0.4) million for 2017, 
2016 and 2015, respectively.  

Business Combinations 

We  account  for  business  combinations  using  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting  pursuant  to  Accounting 
Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, “Business Combinations.” The base cash purchase price plus the estimated 
fair  value  of  any  non-cash  or  contingent  consideration  given  for  an  acquired  business  is  allocated to  the  assets 
acquired (including identified intangible assets) and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values of such 
assets and liabilities. The excess of the fair value of the total consideration given for an acquired business over the 
aggregate net fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Contingent 
consideration  is  recognized  as  a  liability  at  fair  value  as  of  the  acquisition  date  with  subsequent  fair  value 
adjustments  recorded  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  operations.  The  valuation  of  contingent  consideration 
requires assumptions regarding anticipated cash flows, probabilities of cash flows, discount rates and other factors. 
Significant judgment is employed in determining the propriety of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and 
for each subsequent period. Accordingly, future business and economic conditions, as well as changes in any of the 
assumptions, can materially impact the amount of contingent consideration expense we record in any given period. 
Indirect and general expenses related to business combinations are expensed as incurred. 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net 

We account for our goodwill and intangible assets according to ASC 350, “Intangibles  – Goodwill and Other.” 
Under ASC 350, intangible assets with a finite life are amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset. Goodwill 
and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are not amortized. Goodwill and intangible assets are tested for 
impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount may not be recoverable. For goodwill, we may perform a qualitative test to determine whether it is more 
likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining 
whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test.  The first step of the quantitative test 
is to identify if a potential impairment exists by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, 
including goodwill (“Step 1”). If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value amount, goodwill of 
the reporting unit is not considered to have a potential impairment and the second step is not necessary. However, 
if  the  carrying  amount  of  the  reporting  unit  exceeds  its  fair  value,  the  second  step  (“Step  2”)  is  performed  to 
determine  if  goodwill  is  impaired  and  to  measure  the  amount  of  impairment  loss  to  recognize,  if  any.  Step  2 
compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of goodwill. If the implied value of goodwill 
is  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill,  it  is  written  down  to  its  fair  value  with  a  corresponding  expense 
reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The implied goodwill is calculated based on a hypothetical 
purchase  price  allocation,  similar  to  the  requirements  in  the  accounting  guidance  for  business  combinations, 
whereby the implied fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the 
reporting  unit. We  have  elected  to  perform  our  goodwill impairment  test  on  the  first  day  of  the  fourth  quarter, 
October 1, of each year. 

Leases 

We  have  several  leases,  primarily  for  office  facilities  and  computer  equipment,  which  expire  in  various  years 
through 2022. Some of these leases include rent escalation provisions throughout the term of the lease. We expense 
the average annual cost of the lease with the difference to the actual rent invoices recorded as deferred rent which 
is classified in accounts payable and other accrued expenses on our consolidated balance sheets.  

F-12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Property and Equipment 

Property  and  equipment  (including  leasehold  improvements),  aggregating  $24.9  million  and  $22.2  million,  at 
December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which is included in other assets, is recorded at cost and is depreciated 
using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (three to ten years) or the life of the lease, 
whichever is shorter. Depreciation expense for 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $2.2 million, $1.4 million and $1.0 million, 
respectively.  Accumulated  depreciation  was  $17.3  million  and  $15.1  million  at  December  31,  2017  and  2016, 
respectively. 

Variable Interest Entities 

On June 21, 2005, we formed Hallmark Statutory Trust I (“Trust I”), an unconsolidated trust subsidiary, for the sole 
purpose  of  issuing  $30.0  million  in  trust  preferred  securities.  Trust  I  used  the  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  these 
securities  and  our  initial  capital  contribution  to  purchase  $30.9  million  of  subordinated  debt  securities  from 
Hallmark. The debt securities are the sole assets of Trust I, and the payments under the debt securities are the sole 
revenues of Trust I. 

On August 23, 2007, we formed Hallmark Statutory Trust II (“Trust II”), an unconsolidated trust subsidiary, for the 
sole purpose of issuing $25.0 million in trust preferred securities. Trust II used the proceeds from the sale of these 
securities  and  our  initial  capital  contribution  to  purchase  $25.8  million  of  subordinated  debt  securities  from 
Hallmark. The debt securities are the sole assets of Trust II, and the payments under the debt securities are the sole 
revenues of Trust II. 

We evaluate on an ongoing basis our investments in Trust I and Trust II (collectively, the “Trusts”) and we do not 
have  variable  interests  in  the  Trusts.  Therefore,  the  Trusts  are  not  consolidated  in  our  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

We are also involved in the normal course of business with variable interest entities primarily as a passive investor 
in mortgage-backed securities and certain collateralized corporate bank loans issued by third party variable interest 
entities. The  maximum  exposure to loss  with respect  to  these  investments is limited  to  the investment carrying 
values included in the consolidated balance sheets. 

Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses 

Losses and LAE represent the estimated ultimate net cost of all reported and unreported losses incurred through 
December 31, 2017 and 2016. The reserves for unpaid losses and LAE are estimated using individual case-basis 
valuations and statistical analyses. These estimates are subject to the effects of trends in loss severity and frequency. 
Although considerable variability is inherent in such estimates, we believe that the reserves for unpaid losses and 
LAE are adequate. The estimates are continually reviewed and adjusted as experience develops or new information 
becomes known. Such adjustments are included in current operations. 

Recognition of Premium Revenues 

Insurance premiums are earned pro rata over the terms of the policies. Insurance policy fees are earned as of the 
effective  date  of  the  policy.  Upon  cancellation,  any  unearned  premium  is  refunded  to  the  insured.  Insurance 
premiums written include gross policy fees of $7.6 million, $9.8 million and $11.2 million for the years ended 
December  31,  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  respectively.  Insurance  premiums  on  monthly  reporting  workers’ 
compensation policies are earned on the conclusion of the monthly coverage period. Deposit premiums for workers’ 
compensation policies are earned upon the expiration of the policy. 

F-13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Finance Charges 

We receive premium installment fees for each direct bill payment from policyholders. Installment fee income is 
classified as finance charges on the consolidated statement of operations and is recognized as the fee is invoiced. 

Relationship with Third Party Insurers 

Through  December  31,  2005,  our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  marketed  policies  on  behalf  of 
Clarendon  National  Insurance  Company  (“Clarendon”),  a  third-party  insurer.  Through  December  31,  2008,  all 
business of our Contract Binding operating unit was produced under a fronting agreement with member companies 
of  the  Republic  Group  (“Republic”),  a  third-party  insurer.  These  insurance  contracts  on  third  party  paper  are 
accounted for under agency accounting. Ceding commissions and other fees received under these arrangements 
were classified as unearned commission revenue until earned pro rata over the terms of the policies.  

Profit sharing commission is calculated and recognized when the loss ratio, as determined by a qualified actuary, 
deviates from contractual targets. We received a provisional commission as policies were produced as an advance 
against the later determination of the profit sharing commission actually earned. The profit sharing commission is 
an  estimate  that  varies  with  the  estimated  loss  ratio  and  is  sensitive  to  changes  in  that  estimate.      Profit  share 
commission is classified as commissions and fees on the consolidated statement of operations. 

The following table details the profit sharing commission provisional loss ratio compared to the estimated ultimate 
loss ratio for each effective quota share treaty between the Standard Commercial P&C operating unit and Clarendon.  

Provisional loss ratio 

Estimated ultimate loss ratio 
recorded at December 31, 2017 

Treaty Effective Dates 

7/1/2001 

7/1/2002   

7/1/2003  

7/1/2004   

7/1/2005 

60.0%  

59.0%  

59.0%  

64.2%  

64.2% 

63.5%  

64.5%  

61.2%  

66.2%  

61.4% 

As  of  December  31,  2017,  we  had  a  net  payable  of  $0.3  million  on  these  profit  share  treaties.  The  payable  or 
receivable is the difference between the cash received to date and the recognized commission revenue based on the 
estimated ultimate loss ratio. 

The following table details the profit sharing commission revenue provisional loss ratio compared to the estimated 
ultimate loss ratio for the effective quota share treaty between the Contract Binding operating unit and Republic. 

Provisional loss ratio 
Estimated ultimate loss ratio recorded at 
December 31, 2017 

Treaty Effective Dates 

1/1/2006 

1/1/2007 

1/1/2008 

65.0%  

65.0%  

65.0% 

59.4%  

65.6%  

61.4% 

F-14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

As of December 31,  2017, we had a net payable of $0.5 million on these profit share treaties.  The payable or 
receivable is the difference between the cash received to date and the recognized commission revenue based on the 
estimated ultimate loss ratio. 

Agent Commissions 

We pay monthly commissions to agents based on written premium produced, but generally recognize the expense 
pro rata over the term of the policy. If the policy is cancelled prior to its expiration, the unearned portion of the 
agent commission is refundable to us. The unearned portion of commissions paid to agents is included in deferred 
policy acquisition costs. We annually pay a profit sharing commission to our independent agency force based upon 
the results of the business produced by each agent. We estimate and accrue this liability to commission expense in 
the year the business is produced.  

Commission expense is classified as operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. 

Income Taxes 

We file a consolidated federal income tax return. Deferred federal income taxes reflect the future tax consequences 
of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end. 
Deferred taxes are recognized using the liability method, whereby tax rates are applied to cumulative temporary 
differences based on when and how they are expected to affect the tax return. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
adjusted for tax rate changes in effect for the year in which these temporary differences are expected to be recovered 
or settled. 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) was enacted. Among many changes resulting from 
TCJA, the new law (i) reduces the corporate tax rate to 21% effective January 1, 2018, (ii) eliminates the corporate 
alternative minimum tax for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, (iii) allows businesses to immediately 
expense, for tax purposes, the cost of new investments in certain qualified depreciable assets, (iv) modifies the 
computation of loss reserve discounting for tax purposes, (v) modifies the recognition of income rules by requiring 
the recognition of income for certain items no later than the tax year in which an item is taken into account as 
income  on  an  applicable  financial  statement  and  (vi)  significantly  modifies  the  United  States  international  tax 
system. Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2017 included a charge of $1.3 million from the revaluation of 
deferred tax balances from a 35% statutory tax rate to the new 21% statutory tax rate as a result of TCJA.  

Earnings Per Share 

The computation of earnings per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
during the period plus the effect of common shares potentially issuable (in periods in which they have a dilutive 
effect), primarily from stock options. (See Notes 11 and 13.)  

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” 
(Topic 718). ASU 2016-09 simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions including income 
tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, classification on the statement of cash flows, 
and accounting for forfeitures. The guidance was effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, 
and  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.  Effective  January  2017,  we  adopted  this  new  guidance  on  stock 
compensation which requires recognition of the excess tax benefits or deficiencies of share-based compensation 
awards to employees through net income rather than through additional paid in capital. Adoption of this guidance 

F-15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

did not have a material impact on our financial results or disclosures.  We elect to account for forfeitures as they 
occur. 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

On  February 14,  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2018-02,  ”Income  Statement-  Reporting  Comprehensive  Income 
(Topic 220)” providing updated guidance that allows a reclassification of the stranded tax effects in accumulated 
other comprehensive income (AOCI) resulting from the TCJA. Current guidance requires the effect of a change in 
tax laws or rates on deferred tax balances to be reported in income from continuing operations in the accounting 
period  that  includes  the  period  of  enactment,  even  if  the  related  income  tax  effects  were  originally  charged  or 
credited directly to AOCI. The amount of the reclassification would include the effect of the change in the U.S. 
federal corporate income tax rate on the gross deferred tax amounts and related valuation allowances, if any, at the 
date of the enactment of TCJA related to items in AOCI. The updated guidance is effective for reporting periods 
beginning after December 15, 2018 and is to be applied retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the 
TCJA  related  to  items  remaining  in  AOCI  are  recognized  or  at  the  beginning  of  the  period  of  adoption.  Early 
adoption  is  permitted.  The  Company  expects  to  adopt  the  updated  guidance  effective  January 1,  2018.  The 
anticipated reclassification of the stranded tax effects out of AOCI and into retained earnings is $2.6 million. The 
adoption will not affect the Company's results of operations, financial position, or liquidity. 

In  March  2017,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2017-08,  “Premium  Amortization  on  Purchased  Callable  Securities” 
(Subtopic 310-20). ASU 2017-08 is intended to enhance the accounting for amortization of premiums for purchased 
callable debt securities. The guidance amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities 
held at a premium. Securities that contain explicit, noncontingent call features that are callable at fixed prices and 
on preset dates should shorten the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date (and if the call option 
is not exercised, the effective yield is reset using the payment terms of the debt security). The standard is effective 
for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2018, and is to be applied on 
a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings. We are currently 
evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2017-08 will have on our financial results and disclosures. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (Topic 715). ASU 2017-
01 is intended to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or 
disposals) of assets or businesses. ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, 
including interim periods within those annual periods. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a 
material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” (Topic 350). 
ASU 2017-04 requires only a one-step quantitative impairment test, whereby a goodwill impairment loss will be 
measured as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value (not to exceed the total goodwill 
allocated to that reporting unit). It eliminates Step 2 of the current two-step goodwill impairment test, under which 
a goodwill impairment loss is measured by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill. The 
ASU is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 
2019.  The  adoption  of  ASU  2017-04  is  not  expected  to  have  a  material  impact  on  our  financial  results  and 
disclosures. 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.” The 
purpose of ASU 2016-18 is to eliminate the diversity in classifying and presenting changes in restricted cash in the 
statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires restricted cash to be combined with cash and cash equivalents 
when  reconciling the  beginning  and  ending  balances  of  cash  on the  statement of  cash  flows,  thereby  no longer 
requiring transactions such as transfers between restricted and unrestricted cash to be treated as a cash flow activity. 

F-16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Further, the new guidance requires the nature of the restrictions to be disclosed, as well as a reconciliation between 
the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows on how restricted and unrestricted cash are segregated. The new 
guidance is effective fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within that fiscal year, 
with early adoption permitted. The Company expects the adoption of this new guidance to have a material impact 
on its statement of cash flows as restricted cash will be removed from the investing section and become a component 
of cash and cash equivalents. 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” 
(Topic 230). ASU 2016-15 will reduce diversity in practice on how eight specific cash receipts and payments are 
classified on the statement of cash flows. The ASU will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 
2017, including interim periods within those years. We do not expect the impact from the adoption of ASU 2016-
15 to be material to our financial results and disclosures. 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (Topic 
326).  ASU  2016-13  requires  organizations  to  estimate  credit  losses  on  certain  types  of  financial  instruments, 
including receivables and available-for-sale debt securities, by introducing an approach based on expected losses. 
The  expected  loss  approach  will  require  entities  to  incorporate  considerations  of  historical  information,  current 
information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December  15,  2019,  including  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.  ASU  2016-13  requires  a  modified 
retrospective transition method and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the 
adoption of this standard will have on our financial results and disclosures, but do not anticipate that any potential 
impact would be material. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires organizations that 
lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those 
leases. Additionally, ASU 2016-02 modifies current guidance for lessors' accounting. ASU 2016-02 is effective for 
interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We do 
not anticipate that this standard will have a material impact on our results of operations since most of our leases are 
for  office  space  with  standard  lease  terms.  However,  we  anticipate  an  increase  to  the  value  of  our  assets  and 
liabilities related to leases, with no material impact to equity. 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial 
Liabilities” (Subtopic 825-10). ASU 2016-01 will require equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted 
for under the equity method of accounting to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net 
income. ASU 2016-01 will also require us to assess the ability to realize our deferred tax assets (“DTAs”) related 
to an available-for-sale debt security in combination with our other DTAs. ASU 2016-01 will be effective for fiscal 
years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We have evaluated 
the impact of this standard and estimate no impact on shareholders’ equity from the cumulative reclassification 
adjustment to retained earnings for unrealized gains (losses) as of the adoption date. However, we anticipate the 
standard will increase the volatility of our consolidated statements of income, resulting from the remeasurement of 
our equity investments. 

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance which revises the criteria for revenue recognition. Under the guidance, the 
transaction price is attributed to underlying performance obligations in the contract and revenue is recognized as 
the  entity  satisfies  the  performance  obligations  and  transfers  control  of  a  good  or  service  to  the  customer. 
Incremental costs of obtaining a contract may be capitalized to the extent the entity expects to recover those costs. 
The  guidance  is  effective  for  reporting  periods  beginning  after  December  15,  2017  and  is  to  be  applied 
retrospectively. Revenue from insurance contracts is excluded from the scope of this new guidance. While insurance 
contracts  are  excluded  from  this  guidance,  policy  fee  income,  billing  and  other  fees  and  fee  income  related  to 

F-17 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

property business written as a cover-holder through a Lloyds Syndicate will be subject to this updated guidance. 
We have evaluated the impact this guidance will have on our financial results and disclosures and do not anticipate 
such impact being material based on the limited revenue streams subject to the guidance. 

2.  Investments: 

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in debt and equity securities by category is as follows 
(in thousands): 

As of December 31, 2017 

  Amortized Cost  

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 

  $ 

Total debt securities 

Total equity securities 

Total other investments 

Total investments 

As of December 31, 2016 

 50,088    $ 
 278,611     
 125,536     
 134,052     
 16,712     

 604,999     

 30,253     
 3,763     

 7    $ 
 1,204     
 702     
 709     
 37     

 2,659     

 23,014     
 61     

 (148)   $ 
 (742)    
 (301)    
 (505)    
 (216)    

 (1,912)    

 (1,504)    
 -    

 49,947  
 279,073  
 125,937  
 134,256  
 16,533  

 605,746  

 51,763  

 3,824  

  $ 

 639,015    $ 

 25,734    $ 

 (3,416)   $ 

 661,333  

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 

  $ 

Total debt securities 

Total equity securities 

Total other investments 

 41,976    $ 
 224,915     
 105,220     
 165,900     
 59,773     
 597,784     
 31,449     

 66    $ 
 1,722     
 959     
 956     
 49     
 3,752     
 21,052     

 3,763     

 1,188     

 (20)   $ 
 (575)    
 (170)    
 (2,961)    
 (353)    
 (4,079)    
 (790)    

 -    

 42,022  
 226,062  
 106,009  
 163,895  
 59,469  

 597,457  

 51,711  

 4,951  

Total investments 

  $ 

 632,996    $ 

 25,992    $ 

 (4,869)   $ 

 654,119  

F-18 

 
 
 
                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
    
    
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
    
    
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Major categories of net investment income are summarized as follows (in thousands): 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 
Equity securities 
Other investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Investment expenses 

  $ 

Twelve Months Ended December 31 

2017 

2016 

2015 

 566    $ 
 7,839     
 4,302     
 4,633     
 1,049     
 871     
 -    
 706     
 19,966     
 (1,092)    

 594    $ 
 5,573     
 3,190     
 5,442     
 1,320     
 638     
 -    
 277     
 17,034     
 (692)    

 670  
 1,435  
 4,727  
 5,901  
 1,288  
 673  
 - 
 148  
 14,842  
 (873) 

Investment income, net of expenses 

  $ 

 18,874    $ 

 16,342    $ 

 13,969  

No investments in any entity or its affiliates exceeded 10% of stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2017 or 2016.  

Major categories of net realized gains (losses) on investments are summarized as follows (in thousands): 

Twelve Months Ended December 31 

2017 

2016 

2015 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 
Equity securities 
Gain on investments 
Unrealized (loss) gain on other investments 
Other-than-temporary impairments 

  $ 

-   $ 
 (468)    
 79     
 195     
 (9)    
 7,002     
 6,799     
 (1,127)    
 (5,877)    

-   $ 
 (264)    
 (86)    
 (189)    
 (1)    
 1,871     
 1,331     
 1,188     
 (2,888)    

Net realized (losses) gains 

  $ 

 (205)   $ 

 (369)   $ 

- 
 - 
 126  
 (83) 
 240  
 5,543  
 5,826  
 - 
 (3,323) 

 2,503  

We realized gross gains on investments of $8.0 million, $2.1 million, and $6.7 million during the years ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We realized gross losses on investments of $1.2 million, $0.8 
million and $0.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We recorded 
proceeds from the sale of investment securities of $29.1 million, $28.5 million and $51.7 million during the years 
ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Realized investment gains and losses are recognized in 
operations on the first in-first out method. 

F-19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The following schedules summarize the gross unrealized losses showing the length of time that investments have 
been continuously in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands): 

12 months or less 

Longer than 12 months 

Total 

As of December 31, 2017 

Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

  Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

  Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

U.S. Treasury securities and  
  obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans    
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 

 $ 

Total debt securities 

Total equity securities 

Total other investments 

 28,825   $ 
 176,061    
 30,008    
 35,200    
 6,419    
 276,513    

 (145)   $ 
 (736)    
 (280)    
 (370)    
 (127)    
 (1,658)    

 8,375    

 (1,504)    

 -   

 -    

 1,997    $ 
 2,378     
 2,517     
 8,917     
 1,415     
 17,224     

 -    

 -    

 (3)   $ 
 (6)    
 (21)    
 (135)    
 (89)    
 (254)    

 -    

 -    

 30,822    $ 
 178,439     
 32,525     
 44,117     
 7,834     
 293,737     

 8,375     

 -    

 (148) 
 (742) 
 (301) 
 (505) 
 (216) 
 (1,912) 

 (1,504) 

 - 

Total investments 

 $ 

 284,888   $ 

 (3,162)   $ 

 17,224    $ 

 (254)   $ 

 302,112    $ 

 (3,416) 

12 months or less 

Longer than 12 months 

Total 

As of December 31, 2016 

Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

  Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

  Fair Value 

Unrealized 
Losses 

U.S. Treasury securities and    
  obligations of U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans    
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 

 $ 

Total debt securities 

 7,037   $ 
 86,592    
 2,637    
 70,633    
 29,475    
 196,374    

 (20)   $ 
 (575)    
 (7)    
 (1,327)    
 (348)    
 (2,277)    

 -   $ 
 -    
 8,314     
 13,574     
 2,430     
 24,318     

 -   $ 
 -    
 (163)    
 (1,634)    
 (5)    
 (1,802)    

 7,037    $ 
 86,592     
 10,951     
 84,207     
 31,905     
 220,692     

Total equity securities 

Total other investments 

 4,109    

 (483)    

 2,037     

 (307)    

 6,146     

 -   

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 (20) 
 (575) 
 (170) 
 (2,961) 
 (353) 
 (4,079) 

 (790) 

 - 

Total investments 

 $ 

 200,483   $ 

 (2,760)   $ 

 26,355    $ 

 (2,109)   $ 

 226,838    $ 

 (4,869) 

At December 31, 2017, the gross unrealized losses more than twelve months old were attributable to 25 debt security 
positions. At December 31, 2016, the gross unrealized losses more than twelve months old were attributable to 28 
debt security positions and one equity position. We consider these losses as a temporary decline in value as they are 
predominately on securities that we do not intend to sell and do not believe we will be required to sell prior to 
recovery of our amortized cost basis. The gross unrealized losses on the debt security positions at December 31, 
2017 were due predominately to normal market and interest rate fluctuations and we see no other indications that 
the decline in values of these securities is other-than-temporary. 

F-20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
  
 
  
   
    
    
    
    
 
  
 
  
   
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
  
 
  
   
    
    
    
    
 
  
 
  
   
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Based  on  evidence  gathered  through  our  normal  credit  evaluation  process,  we  presently  expect  that  all  debt 
securities held in our investment portfolio will be paid in accordance with their contractual terms. Nonetheless, it is 
at  least  reasonably  possible  that  the  performance  of  certain  issuers  of  these  debt  securities  will  be  worse  than 
currently expected resulting in future write-downs within our portfolio of debt securities. 

Also,  as  a  result  of  the  challenging  market  conditions,  we  expect  the  volatility  in  the  valuation  of  our  equity 
securities to continue in the foreseeable future. This volatility may lead to changes regarding retention strategies for 
certain equity securities. 

We complete a detailed analysis each quarter to assess whether any decline in the fair value of any investment below 
cost  is  deemed  other-than-temporary.  All  securities  with  an  unrealized  loss  are  reviewed.  We  recognize  an 
impairment loss when an investment's value declines below cost, adjusted for accretion, amortization and previous 
other-than-temporary  impairments  and  it is  determined  that  the  decline is other-than-temporary.  We  recognized 
other-than-temporary losses on our debt securities portfolio of $5.9 million during 2017, all related to credit losses 
(none of the impairments were interest related) on certain senior and subordinated municipal bonds concentrated in 
Puerto Rico.   The fair value of the impaired securities was $4.4 million at December 31, 2017. 

Debt Investments: We assess whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell, 
a fixed maturity investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current period credit losses. For 
fixed maturity investments that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell 
and will not be required to sell, we separate the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related 
(credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings 
and is the difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash 
flows. The remaining difference between the investment’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash 
flows is recognized in other comprehensive income. 

Equity  Investments:  Some  of  the  factors  considered  in  evaluating  whether  a  decline  in  fair  value  for  an  equity 
investment is other-than-temporary include: (1) our ability and intent to retain the investment for a period of time 
sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value; (2) the recoverability of cost; (3) the length of time and 
extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; and (4) the financial condition and near-term and long-term 
prospects for the issuer, including the relevant industry conditions and trends, and implications of rating agency 
actions and offering prices. When it is determined that an equity investment is other-than-temporarily impaired, the 
security  is  written  down  to  fair  value,  and  the  amount  of  the  impairment  is  included  in  earnings  as  a  realized 
investment loss. The fair value then becomes the new cost basis of the investment, and any subsequent recoveries 
in fair value are recognized at disposition. We recognize a realized loss when impairment is deemed to be other-
than-temporary  even  if  a  decision  to  sell  an  equity  investment  has  not  been  made.  When  we  decide  to  sell  a 
temporarily  impaired  available-for-sale  equity  investment  and  we  do  not  expect  the  fair  value  of  the  equity 
investment to fully recover prior to the expected time of sale, the investment is deemed to be other-than-temporarily 
impaired in the period in which the decision to sell is made. 

Details regarding the carrying value of the other invested assets portfolio as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were 
as follows: 

Investment Type 
Equity warrant 
Total other investments 

2017 

2016 

  $ 
  $ 

 3,824    $ 
 3,824    $ 

 4,951  
 4,951  

F-21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

We acquired this equity warrant in an active market and it entitles us to buy the underlying common stock of a 
publicly traded company at a fixed exercise price until the expiration date of January 19, 2021. 

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at December 31, 2017 by contractual maturity are as 
follows. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers may have the right 
to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. 

Due in one year or less 
Due after one year through five years 

Due after five years through ten years 
Due after ten years 

Mortgage-backed 

Amortized Cost 

Fair Value 

(in thousands) 

  $ 

  $ 

116,027   $ 
308,477    

123,518    
40,265    

16,712    
604,999   $ 

116,060 
308,829 

124,168 
40,156 

16,533 
605,746 

We have certain of our securities pledged for the benefit of various state insurance departments and reinsurers. 
These securities are included with our available-for-sale debt securities because we have the ability to trade these 
securities. We retain the interest earned on these securities. These securities had a carrying value of $26.2 million 
at December 31, 2017 and a carrying value of $21.1 million at December 31, 2016. 

3.   Fair Value: 

ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure 
requirements about fair value measurements. ASC 820, among other things, requires us to maximize the use of 
observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. In addition, ASC 820 
precludes the use of block discounts when measuring the fair value of instruments traded in an active market, which 
were previously applied to large holdings of publicly traded equity securities. 

We determine the fair value of our financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820. 
In accordance with ASC 820, we utilize the following fair value hierarchy: 

• Level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets; 

•  Level 2: inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities 
in active markets, inputs of identical assets for less active markets, and inputs that are observable 
for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument; 
and 

•  Level 3: inputs to the valuation methodology that are unobservable for the asset or liability. 

This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. 

Under ASC 820, we determine fair value based on the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer 
a  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  on  the  measurement  date.  It  is  our  policy  to 
maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value 
measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy described above. Fair value measurements for assets and 

F-22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

liabilities where there exists limited or no observable market data are calculated based upon our pricing policy, the 
economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of the asset or liability and other factors as appropriate. 
These estimated fair values may not be realized upon actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. 

Where quoted prices are available on active exchanges for identical instruments, investment securities are classified 
within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 investment securities include common and preferred stock and 
the equity warrant classified as Other Investments. 

Level 2 investment securities include corporate bonds, collateralized corporate bank loans, municipal bonds, U.S. 
Treasury securities, other obligations of the U.S. Government and mortgage-backed securities for which quoted 
prices  are  not  available  on  active  exchanges  for  identical  instruments.  We  use  third  party  pricing  services  to 
determine fair values for each Level 2 investment security in all asset classes. Since quoted prices in active markets 
for identical assets are not available, these prices are determined using observable market information such as quotes 
from less active markets and/or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, among other things. We have 
reviewed the processes used by the pricing services and have determined that they result in fair values consistent 
with the requirements of ASC 820 for Level 2 investment securities. We have not adjusted any prices received from 
third party pricing services. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 securities. 

In cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, investment securities are 
classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 3 investments are valued based on the best available data 
in order to approximate fair value. This data may be internally developed and consider risk premiums that a market 
participant  would  require.  Investment  securities  classified  within  Level  3  include  other  less  liquid  investment 
securities. 

The following table presents for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, our assets that are measured at fair value 
on a recurring basis at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands). 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of  
  U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 

Total debt securities 

Total equity securities 

Total other investments 

Total investments 

As of December 31, 2017 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Other Observable 
Inputs (Level 2)   

Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3)   

Total 

  $ 

  $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -    
 -    
 -    
 -    

51,142    

3,824    
54,966   $ 

49,947   $ 
278,760    
125,937    
131,433    
16,533    
602,610    

 -    

 -    
602,610   $ 

 -   $ 
313    
 -    
2,823    
 -    
3,136    

621    

 -    
3,757   $ 

49,947 
279,073 
125,937 
134,256 
16,533 
605,746 

51,763 

3,824 

661,333 

F-23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
    
    
      
   
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

As of December 31, 2016 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Other Observable 
Inputs (Level 2)   

Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3)   

Total 

  $ 

  $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -    
 -    
 -    
 -    

51,445    

4,951    
56,396   $ 

42,022   $ 
226,062    
106,009    
158,216    
59,469    
591,778    

 -    

 -    
591,778   $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -    
5,679    
 -    
5,679    

266    

 -    
5,945   $ 

42,022 
226,062 
106,009 
163,895 
59,469 

597,457 

51,711 

4,951 

654,119 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of  
  U.S. Government 
Corporate bonds 
Collateralized corporate bank loans 
Municipal bonds 
Mortgage-backed 

Total debt securities 

Total equity securities 

Total other investments 

Total investments 

Due to significant unobservable inputs into the valuation model for certain municipal bonds, one corporate bond 
and  one  equity  security  as  of  December  31,  2017  and  certain  municipal  bonds  and  one  equity  security  as  of 
December 31, 2016, we classified these as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. We used an income approach in order 
to derive an estimated fair value of the municipal bonds classified as Level 3, which included inputs such as expected 
holding period, benchmark swap rate, benchmark discount rate and a discount rate premium for illiquidity. The 
corporate bond is a convertible senior note and its fair value was estimated by the sum of the bond value using an 
income approach discounting the scheduled interest and principal payments and the conversion feature utilizing a 
binomial lattice model. We also estimated the fair value of the corporate bond utilizing an as-if converted basis into 
the underlying securities. The equity security classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy is an investment in a 
non-public entity. Given the size of this investment and since there was not an observable market for the security, 
we  estimated  its fair  value  as the  fair  value  on  the  date  we  acquired the investment.  Significant changes in the 
unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement of these securities could result in a significant change in the fair 
value measurement. 

F-24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
    
    
      
   
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The following table summarizes the changes in fair value for all financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring 
basis  using  significant  unobservable  inputs  (Level  3)  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  and  2016  (in 
thousands). 

2017 

2016 

Beginning balance as of January 1 
Sales 
Settlements 
Purchases 

Issuances 

Total realized/unrealized gains included in net income 
Net gain included in other comprehensive income 

Transfers into Level 3 

Transfers out of Level 3 

  $ 

 5,945    $ 
 -  
 (579)  
 775   

-  

 616   
 -  

 -  

 (3,000)  

 14,087  
 - 
 (8,825) 
- 

- 

 417  
 - 

 266  

- 

Ending balance as of December 31 

  $ 

 3,757    $ 

 5,945  

The transfer out of Level 3 during 2017 was due to one auction rate municipal bond that previously did not have a 
successful auction and, therefore, was classified as Level 3 prior to the fourth quarter of 2017.  As of December 
31, 2017, this security had a successful auction at par. We account for transfers as they occur. 

4.    Acquisitions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets: 

On June 30, 2015, Redpoint Comp Holdings LLC (“Purchaser”) acquired exclusive renewal rights to our current 
in-force  Texas  workers  compensation  policies,  together  with  certain  physical  assets  associated  with  the 
administration of such in-force policies. In consideration for such renewal rights and physical assets, Purchaser 
assumed certain office lease obligations and offered employment to certain of our employees associated with the 
Workers Compensation operating unit. Purchaser also agreed to administer the run-off of all of our current workers 
compensation policies and claims for a period of three years. In connection with the transaction, we made a one-
time payment to the Purchaser of $83,000. We also agreed not to compete in the workers compensation line of 
insurance in the State of Texas (with certain exceptions) until after the assumed office lease obligations expire on 
October 31, 2017. We recorded a gain of $0.2 million during the second quarter of 2015 in Other Income in the 
Consolidated Statement of Operations on the sale of the renewal rights. 

On September 15, 2015, we executed Amendment No. 1 to the sale agreement with the Purchaser. Pursuant to the 
Amendment, the Purchaser agreed to pay us an additional $115,000 and administer the run-off of all of our workers 
compensation  policies  and  claims  in  perpetuity  or  through  final  conclusion  (rather  than  for  three  years  as 
contemplated  by  the  original  agreement)  in  consideration  of  us  assigning  to  Purchaser  the  commission  on  all 
unearned premiums on such policies as of July 1, 2015. We recorded an additional gain of $0.4 million during the 
third quarter of 2015 in Other Income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as a result of this Amendment 
No.1. 

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating unit or one level below an operating unit) 
on an annual basis (October 1) and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would 
more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value.  For purposes of evaluating 
goodwill for impairment, we have determined that our reporting units are the same as our operating units except for 
F-25 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

the Specialty Commercial operating unit for which reporting units are at the component level (“one level below”). 
Our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 includes goodwill of acquired businesses of $44.7 million 
that is assigned to our operating units as follows: Standard Commercial P&C operating unit - $2.1 million; Contract 
Binding  operating  unit  -  $19.9  million;  Specialty  Commercial operating  unit-  $17.4  million  (comprised  of  $7.7 
million  for  the  primary/excess  and  umbrella  component  and  $9.7  million  for  the  general  aviation  and  satellite 
component); and Specialty Personal Lines operating unit - $5.3 million. This amount has been recorded as a result 
of  prior  business  acquisitions  accounted  for  under  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting.  Under  ASC  350, 
“Intangibles- Goodwill and Other,” goodwill is tested for impairment annually. We completed our last annual test 
for impairment on the first day of the fourth quarter of 2017 and determined that there was no impairment.  

The income approach to determining fair value computed the projections of the cash flows that the reporting unit 
was expected to generate converted into a present value equivalent through discounting. Significant assumptions in 
the income approach model included income projections, discount rates and terminal growth values. The income 
projections reflected an improved premium rate environment across most of our lines of business that continued 
throughout 2017. The income projections also included loss and LAE assumptions which reflected recent historical 
claim trends and the movement towards a more favorable pricing environment and improvement in mix of business 
to  better  performing  products.  The  income  projections  also  included  assumptions  for  expense  growth  and 
investment yields which were based on business plans for each of our operating units. The discount rate was based 
on a risk free rate plus a beta adjusted equity risk premium and specific company risk premium. The assumptions 
were based on historical experience (including factors such as prior year loss reserve development), expectations 
of future performance (including premium growth rates, premium rate increases and loss costs), expected market 
conditions and other factors requiring judgment and estimates. While we believe the assumptions used in these 
models  were  reasonable,  the  inherent  uncertainty  in  predicting  future  performance  and  market  conditions  may 
change over time and influence the outcome of future testing. 

During 2017, 2016, and 2015, we completed the first step prescribed by ASC 350 for testing for impairment and 
determined that there was no impairment. 

We have obtained various intangible assets from several acquisitions. The table below details the gross and net 
carrying amounts of these assets by major category (in thousands): 

Gross Carrying Amount: 

Customer/agent relationships 

Tradename 

Management agreement 
Non-compete & employment agreements 

Insurance licenses 
Total gross carrying amount 

Accumulated Amortization: 
Customer/agent relationships 
Tradename 
Management agreement 

Non-compete & employment agreements 
Total accumulated amortization 
Total net carrying amount 

December 31 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

  $ 

 32,177    $ 
 3,440   
 3,232   
 4,235   
 1,300   
 44,384   

 (24,276)  
 (2,618)  
 (3,232)  
 (4,235)  
 (34,361)  
 10,023    $ 

 32,177  

 3,440  

 3,232  
 4,235  

 1,300  
 44,384  

 (22,038) 
 (2,388) 
 (3,232) 

 (4,235) 
 (31,893) 
 12,491  

F-26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Insurance licenses are not amortized because they have an indefinite life. We amortize definite-lived intangible 
assets  straight  line  over  their  respective  lives.  The  estimated  aggregate  amortization  expense  for  definite-lived 
intangible assets for the next five years is as follows (in thousands): 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

2,468 
2,468 
2,468 
503 
501 

The weighted average amortization period for definite-lived intangible assets by major class is as follows: 

Tradename 
Customer/ agent relationships 

Management agreement 

Non-compete agreements 

Years 
15 
15 

4 

5 

The aggregate weighted average period to amortize these assets is approximately 13 years.  

5.   Other Assets: 

The following table details our other assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands): 

Profit sharing commission receivable 
Credit Facility B issuance costs 

Accrued investment income 

Investment in unconsolidated trust subsidiaries 

Fixed assets 
Other assets 

2017 

2016 

252   $ 
122    

4,859    

1,702    

6,726    
195    
13,856   $ 

251 
109 

4,599 

1,702 

6,947 
193 
13,801 

$ 

$ 

F-27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

6.  Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses: 

Activity in the consolidated reserves for unpaid losses and LAE is summarized as follows (in thousands): 

2017 

2016 

2015 

Balance at January 1 

Less reinsurance recoverable 

Net balance at January 1 

Incurred related to: 
Current year 

Prior years 

Total incurred 

Paid related to: 
Current year 
Prior years 

Total paid 

Net balance at December 31 

Plus reinsurance recoverable 

Balance at December 31 

  $ 

  $ 

481,567   $ 
123,237    
358,330    

248,203    
 40,105     
 288,308     

92,873    
181,277    
274,150    

372,488    

154,612    
527,100   $ 

450,878   $ 
102,791    
348,087    

246,080    
 7,608     
 253,688     

93,067    
150,378    
243,445    

358,330    

123,237    
481,567   $ 

415,135 

91,943 

323,192 

237,102 

 (6,953) 

 230,149  

83,132 
122,122 

205,254 

348,087 

102,791 

450,878 

The  $40.1  million  unfavorable  net  development,  $7.6  million  unfavorable  net  development  and  $7.0  million 
favorable  net  development  in  prior  accident  years  recognized  in  2017,  2016  and  2015,  respectively,  represent 
changes in our loss reserve estimates. In 2017 and 2016, the aggregate loss reserve estimates for prior years were 
increased to reflect unfavorable loss development when the available information indicated a reasonable likelihood 
that the ultimate losses would be more than the previous estimates. The unfavorable prior year reserve development 
during the twelve months ended December 31, 2017 was primarily driven by the continued emergence of increased 
frequency  and  severity  trends  in  our  primary  commercial  auto  lines  of  business  within  our  Contract  Binding 
operating unit, which was representative of industry trends.  In 2015, the aggregate loss reserve estimates for prior 
years were decreased to reflect favorable loss development when the available information indicated a reasonable 
likelihood that the ultimate losses would be less than the previous estimates. Generally, changes in reserves are 
caused  by  variations  between  actual  experience  and  previous  expectations  and  by  reduced  emphasis  on  the 
Bornhuetter-Ferguson method due to the aging of the accident years.  

F-28 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The  impact  from  the  unfavorable  (favorable)  net  prior  years’  loss  development  on  each  reporting  segment  is 
presented below: 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

  $ 

 40,477    $ 

Standard Commercial Segment 
Personal Segment 
Corporate 
Total unfavorable net prior year development 

 (970)  
 598   
 -  

  $ 

 40,105    $ 

 12,502  

 (9,901)  
 5,007   
 -  
 7,608   

The following describes the primary factors behind each segment’s prior accident year loss reserve development 
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

Year ended December 31, 2017: 

•  Specialty  Commercial  Segment.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  experienced  net  unfavorable 
development in the 2016 and prior accident years primarily driven by the continued emergence of increased 
frequency and severity trends in the commercial auto lines of business. Our Specialty Commercial operating 
unit experienced net unfavorable development in general aviation primarily in the 2016, 2013 and 2011 and 
prior  accident  years,  commercial  excess  liability  primarily  in  the  2013  accident  year  and  specialty  risk 
programs primarily in the 2015 and prior accident years, partially offset by net favorable development in 
the medical professional liability and primary/excess commercial property lines of business primarily in 
the 2016 accident years. 

•  Standard Commercial Segment. Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit experienced net favorable 
development primarily in the general liability line of business in the 2016 and prior accident years, partially 
offset by unfavorable development in the 2016 and prior accident years in the occupational accident line of 
business.  

•  Personal  Segment.    Net  unfavorable  development  in  our  Specialty  Personal  Lines  operating  unit  was 
mostly attributable to the 2016, 2014, 2013 and 2010 and prior accident years, partially offset by favorable 
development in the 2015 and 2011 accident years. 

Year ended December 31, 2016:   

•  Specialty  Commercial  Segment.  Our  Contract  Binding  operating  unit  experienced  net  unfavorable 
development primarily in commercial auto liability in the 2014, 2013, 2012 and 2009 and prior accident 
years.   Our Specialty Commercial operating unit experienced net favorable development primarily in the 
general aviation and commercial excess liability, partially offset by net unfavorable development in our 
medical professional liability lines of business and specialty risk programs. 

F-29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

•  Standard Commercial Segment. Our Standard Commercial P&C operating unit experienced net favorable 
development primarily in the general liability line of business in the 2011-2015 accident years and the 2009 
and prior accident years, partially offset by net unfavorable development in the occupational accident line 
of business in the 2014 and 2015 accident years. Our Workers Compensation operating unit experienced 
net favorable development in the 2015 and prior accident years.  

•  Personal Segment. Our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit experienced net unfavorable development 
attributable to the 2015 and prior accident years in the private passenger auto liability line of business. 

In the opinion of management, our reserves represent the best estimate of our ultimate liabilities, based on currently 
known facts, current law, current technology and assumptions considered reasonable where facts are not known. 
Due  to  the  significant  uncertainties  and  related  management  judgments,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  future 
favorable or unfavorable loss development, which may be material, will not occur. 

Short-Duration Contract Disclosures 

ASU 2015-09, “Disclosures about Short-Duration Contracts” (Topic 944), requires insurers to make disclosures 
about their liability for unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses for short-duration insurance contracts. These 
disclosures  include  tables  showing  incurred  and  paid  claims  development  information  (net  of  reinsurance  and 
excluding  unallocated  loss  adjustment  expenses)  which  are  disaggregated  based  on  the  characteristics  of  the 
insurance contracts that the insurer writes and other factors specific to the reporting entity. The information should 
be disclosed by accident year for the number of years claims typically remain outstanding, but need not be more 
than 10 years, including a reconciliation of the disaggregated information to the consolidated statement of financial 
position. We have evaluated the disaggregation criteria and concluded that the basis for our disaggregation of this 
information  is  by  each  of  our  three  reportable  segments.  See  Note  10,  “Segment  Information,”  for  additional 
information regarding our three reportable segments. 

Reserves for Incurred But Not Reported (“IBNR”) Claims 

Reserves  for  IBNR  claims  are  based  on  the  estimated  ultimate  cost  of  settling  claims,  including  the  effects  of 
inflation and other social and economic factors, using past experience adjusted for current trends and any other 
factors that would modify past experience. We use a variety of statistical and actuarial techniques to analyze current 
claims costs, including frequency and severity data and prevailing economic, social and legal factors. Each such 
method has its own set of assumptions and outputs, and each has strengths and weaknesses in different areas. Since 
no single estimation method is superior to another method in all situations, the methods and assumptions used to 
project loss reserves will vary by coverage and product. We use what we believe to be the most appropriate set of 
actuarial methods and assumptions for each product line grouping and coverage. While the loss projection methods 
may  vary  by  product line and  coverage,  the  general approach for  calculating  IBNR  remains the same:  ultimate 
losses are forecasted first, and that amount is reduced by the amount of cumulative paid claims and case reserves. 
Reserves established in prior years are adjusted as loss experience develops and new information becomes available. 
Adjustments to previously estimated reserves are reflected in the results of operations in the year in which they are 
made.  

As described above, various actuarial methods are utilized to determine the reserves for losses and LAE recorded 
in  our  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  Weightings  of  methods  at  a  detailed  level  may  change  from  evaluation  to 
evaluation based on a number of observations, measures, and time elements.  

Methodology for Determining Cumulative Number of Reported Claims 

A claim file is created when the Company is notified of an actual demand for payment, notified of an event that 
may lead to a demand for payment or when it is determined that a demand for payment could possibly lead to a 

F-30 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

future demand for payment on another coverage on the same policy or on another policy. The cumulative number 
of reported claims is predominately measured at a coverage level by occurrence, with the exception of our Specialty 
Commercial operating unit which is predominately measured at the claim level.   Reported occurrences that do not 
result in a liability are included in reported claims.  The Company does not generate claim counts for ceded business. 

Incurred & Paid Claims Development Disclosures 

The following tables provide information about incurred and cumulative paid losses and allocated loss adjustment 
expenses (“ALAE”), net of reinsurance for our three reportable segments, our Specialty Commercial Segment, our 
Standard  Commercial  Segment  and  our  Personal  Segment.    The  incurred  and  paid  losses  by  accident  year 
information presented for all segments in the below tables for calendar years prior to 2016 is required supplementary 
information  and  is  unaudited.  The  following  tables  also  include  IBNR  reserves  plus  expected  development  on 
reported claims and the cumulative number of reported claims as of December 31, 2017 ($ in thousands): 

F-31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 

  As of December 31, 

Accident 
Year 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
Unaudited  

Cumulative 
Number of 
Reported 
Claims 

  IBNR   

2008 

  2009 

  2010 

  2011 

  2012 

  2013 

  2014 

  2015 

  2016 

2017 

  2017   

2017 

 60,950   

 62,679   
 74,187   

 61,196   
 78,089   
 88,679   

2008  $   55,617  $   56,150  $   58,143  $   57,923  $   56,579  $   55,157  $   55,425  $   55,457  $   55,864  $ 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 

 61,361   
 77,631   
 87,793   
   106,371     111,253     111,841     115,709     116,320   
   140,546     135,114     137,230     143,983   
   144,996     133,464     138,842   
   147,304     146,610   
   151,494   

 59,635   
 78,003   
 90,713   

 59,831   
 77,593   
 91,059   

 59,471   
 75,695   
 87,558   

 59,988   
 77,972   
 89,737   

 (534)  
 56,272  $ 
 60   
 61,761   
 900   
 78,253   
 1,102   
 87,833   
 1,094   
 117,925   
 1,742   
 150,177   
 1,260   
 144,728   
 162,616   
 8,213   
 157,836     21,557   
 170,622     64,261   

 7,373  
 5,459  
 5,001  
 5,790  
 7,339  
 9,210  
 10,076  
 10,826  
 11,358  
 10,227  

  Total 

$ 

1,188,023     

Accident 
Year 

2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 

Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

Unaudited  

$ 

 24,134  $ 

 37,803  $ 
 21,259   

 44,903  $ 
 34,411   
 24,818   

 51,280  $ 
 45,757   
 45,234   
 27,454   

 53,723  $ 
 53,135   
 58,139   
 53,509   
 37,655   

 53,577  $ 
 56,791   
 68,625   
 71,697   
 60,923   
 40,475   

 54,080  $ 
 57,641   
 73,398   
 80,004   
 82,066   
 76,366   
 42,097   

 54,909  $ 
 59,149   
 74,513   
 83,787   
 97,680   
 101,725   
 73,631   
 39,515   

 55,372  $ 
 60,785   
 75,787   
 84,936   
 109,060   
 126,025   
 99,521   
 74,906   
 41,397   

  Total 

$ 

All outstanding liabilities before 2008, net of reinsurance 

 56,094  
 61,202  
 76,906  
 85,845  
 113,909  
 139,759  
 123,649  
 125,514  
 84,616  
 45,477  
 912,971  
 384  

Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance 

$ 

 275,436  

(1 

F-32 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Standard Commercial Segment 

Accident 
Year 

2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 

Accident 
Year 

2008  $ 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 

Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 

  As of December 31,  

For the Years Ended December 31, 
Unaudited  

Cumulative 
Number of 
Reported 
Claims 

IBNR   

  2008 

  2009 

  2010 

  2011 

  2012 

  2013 

  2014 

  2015 

2016 

  2017 

  2017 

2017 

$  49,452  $  47,557  $  46,762  $  45,556  $  42,758  $  41,597  $  40,387  $   40,001  $ 

 44,719   

 45,674   
 45,263   

 46,772   
 45,235   
 60,236   

 46,778   
 44,847   
 56,489   
 51,998   

 45,970   
 43,164   
 55,156   
 52,554   
 55,482   

 44,159   
 43,459   
 49,268   
 48,222   
 57,528   
 55,488   

 43,851   
 42,426   
 47,266   
 45,990   
 56,703   
 55,808   
 49,571   

 39,195  $  38,294  $ 
 43,107   
 42,175   
 47,423   
 44,272   
 53,174   
 53,568   
 49,857   
 46,880   

 42,168   
 42,880   
 46,841   
 42,986   
 52,076   
 53,882   
 50,053   
 48,182   
 41,393   

 701   
 1,082   
 1,265   
 2,038   
 2,505   
 4,317   
 5,602   
 8,768   
 11,673   
 18,099   

 3,256  
 2,635  
 2,914  
 4,370  
 3,219  
 3,920  
 3,555  
 3,165  
 2,779  
 2,330  

  Total 

$ 

458,755     

Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

Unaudited  

 17,182  $ 

 25,624  $ 
 15,242   

 29,058  $ 
 28,313   
 21,302   

 32,523  $ 
 32,075   
 28,342   
 24,899   

 34,056  $ 
 35,818   
 30,957   
 35,119   
 23,445   

 34,762  $ 
 38,316   
 33,428   
 38,909   
 32,203   
 23,123   

 35,360  $ 
 40,389   
 37,166   
 40,301   
 34,789   
 36,411   
 24,255   

 36,276  $ 
 40,575   
 39,115   
 41,140   
 37,191   
 41,809   
 37,122   
 19,085   

 36,859  $ 
 40,629   
 39,706   
 42,441   
 38,526   
 44,475   
 41,514   
 34,245   
 21,508   

  Total 

$ 

All outstanding liabilities before 2008, net of reinsurance 

 37,002  
 40,835  
 40,937  
 43,680  
 40,408  
 46,756  
 45,779  
 38,302  
 32,006  
 16,755  
 382,460  
 1,824  

Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance 

$ 

 78,119  

F-33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Personal Segment 

Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 

Accident 
Year 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
Unaudited  

  As of December 31,  
Cumulative 
Number of 
Reported 
Claims 

  IBNR   

2008 

  2009 

  2010 

  2011 

  2012 

  2013 

  2014 

  2015 

2016 

  2017 

  2017   

2017 

 40,436   

 42,092   
 63,862   

2008  $   36,247  $   36,976  $   38,329  $   39,412  $   39,793  $   40,170  $   40,239  $   40,324  $ 
 46,244   
2009 
 78,294   
2010 
2011 
 75,746   
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 

 49,772   
 84,252   
 86,804   
 71,513   
 60,100   
 5,340   
 23,104   

 49,694   
 83,903   
 86,757   
 70,552   
 59,132   
 5,452   

 48,930   
 84,724   
 87,810   
 73,795   
 55,706   

 47,977   
 80,765   
 77,652   
 58,604   

 40,369  $   40,401  $ 
 49,891   
 84,591   
 86,948   
 72,042   
 60,211   
 6,243   
 25,682   
 32,260   

 49,971   
 84,808   
 86,853   
 72,037   
 60,379   
 6,699   
 25,307   
 32,893   
 23,342   

 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 69   
 239   
 642   
 1,309   
 4,253   

 17,354  
 21,054  
 30,180  
 31,614  
 23,938  
 23,468  
 19,297  
 23,512  
 24,988  
 17,532  

  Total 

$ 

482,690     

Accident 
Year 

2008  $ 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 

Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

Unaudited  

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017 

 20,005  $ 

 32,555  $ 
 23,306   

 36,782  $ 
 37,621   
 38,643   

 38,925  $ 
 44,689   
 67,755   
 46,416   

 39,511  $ 
 47,967   
 75,199   
 67,939   
 37,860   

 40,210  $ 
 49,287   
 82,624   
 83,497   
 64,278   
 45,901   

 40,309  $ 
 49,539   
 83,511   
 85,533   
 68,849   
 54,514   
 2,515   

 40,323  $ 
 49,704   
 84,111   
 86,217   
 70,807   
 58,047   
 4,418   
 11,570   

 40,347  $ 
 49,853   
 84,556   
 86,593   
 71,995   
 59,775   
 5,631   
 22,281   
 21,669   

All outstanding liabilities before 2008, net of reinsurance 

Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance 

  Total 

$ 

$ 

 40,404  
 49,957  
 84,717  
 86,660  
 72,055  
 60,277  
 6,428  
 24,262  
 30,646  
 15,776  
 471,182  
 (3) 
 11,505  

F-34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The reconciliation of the net incurred and paid development tables to the liability for unpaid losses and LAE in our 
Consolidated Balance Sheets is as follows (in thousands): 

Net outstanding liabilities for losses and LAE 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment  

Personal Segment  

2017 

2016 

$ 

275,436  $ 
78,119  

11,505  

252,602 

82,222 

15,544 

Liabilities for unpaid losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance 

365,060  

350,368 

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and LAE 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment  

Personal Segment  

Total reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and LAE 

Unallocated loss adjustment expenses 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment  

Personal Segment  

Total unallocated loss adjustment expenses 

137,975  
6,051  
10,586  

154,612  

3,377  
3,153  
898  
7,428  

102,597 

8,540 

12,100 

123,237 

3,831 

3,031 

1,100 

7,962 

Total reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses 

$ 

527,100  $ 

481,567 

Claims Duration 

The following table provides supplementary unaudited information about the annual percentage payout of incurred 
losses and ALAE, net of reinsurance, as of December 31, 2017: 

Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance (1) 

Unaudited 

Year 1  Year 2  Year 3  Year 4  Year 5  Year 6  Year 7  Year 8  Year 9  Year 10 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

30.5% 

23.9% 

19.0% 

13.1% 

6.6% 

Standard Commercial Segment  
Personal Segment  

45.1% 
52.0% 

23.7% 
28.6% 

8.1% 
10.8% 

6.5% 
5.6% 

4.7% 
1.3% 

1.6% 

3.7% 
0.7% 

1.5% 

1.5% 
0.3% 

1.8% 

1.8% 
0.2% 

0.7% 

1.3% 

1.0% 
0.1% 

1.7% 
0.4% 

( 

(1)  The average annual percentage payout is calculated from a paid losses and ALAE development pattern based on an actuarial analysis of 
the paid losses and ALAE movements by accident year for each disaggregation category.  The paid losses and ALAE development 
pattern provides the expected percentage of ultimate losses and ALAE to be paid in each year.  The pattern considers all accident years 
included in the claims development tables. 

F-35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

 7.  Reinsurance: 

We reinsure a portion of the risk we underwrite in order to control the exposure to losses and to protect capital 
resources. We cede to reinsurers a portion of these risks and pay premiums based upon the risk and exposure of the 
policies subject to such reinsurance. Ceded reinsurance involves credit risk and is generally subject to aggregate 
loss limits. Although the reinsurer is liable to us to the extent of the reinsurance ceded, we are ultimately liable as 
the direct insurer on all risks reinsured. Reinsurance recoverables are reported after allowances for uncollectible 
amounts.  We  monitor  the  financial  condition  of  reinsurers  on  an  ongoing  basis  and  review  our  reinsurance 
arrangements periodically. Reinsurers are selected based on their financial condition, business practices and the 
price of their product offerings. In order to mitigate credit risk to reinsurance companies, most of our reinsurance 
recoverable balance as of December 31, 2017 was with reinsurers that had an A.M. Best rating of “A–” or better. 
We also mitigate our credit risk for the remaining reinsurance recoverable by obtaining letters of credit. 

The following table presents our gross and net premiums written and earned and reinsurance recoveries for each of 
the last three years (in thousands): 

Premium Written: 

Direct 
Assumed 

Ceded 

Premium Earned: 

Direct 
Assumed 

Ceded 

Reinsurance recoveries 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 601,780    $ 
 2,376     

 549,077    $ 
 -    

 514,223  
 - 

 (238,573)    

 (187,248)    

 (157,279) 

  $ 

 365,583    $ 

 361,829    $ 

 356,944  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 567,089    $ 
 1,680     

 524,229    $ 
 -    

 494,643  
 - 

 (207,732)    

 (170,859)    

 (145,562) 

 361,037    $ 

 353,370    $ 

 349,081  

 144,948    $ 

 116,057    $ 

 89,892  

Included in reinsurance recoverable on the consolidated balance sheets are paid loss recoverables of $28.2 million 
and $24.4 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

8.  Revolving Credit Facility and Notes Payable: 

Our Second Restated Credit Agreement with Frost Bank (“Frost”) dated June 30, 2015, reinstated the credit facility 
with Frost which expired by its terms on April 30, 2015. The Second Restated Credit Agreement also amended 
certain provisions of the credit facility and restated the agreement with Frost in its entirety.  The Second Restated 
Credit Agreement provides a $15.0 million revolving credit facility (“Facility A”), with a $5.0 million letter of 
credit sub-facility, which expires on June 30, 2018. The outstanding balance of the Facility A bears interest at a rate 
equal to the prime rate or LIBOR plus 2.5%, at our election. We pay an annual fee of 0.25% of the average daily 
unused balance of Facility A and letter of credit fees at the rate of 1.00% per annum.  All principal and accrued 
interest on Facility A becomes due and payable on June 30, 2018. As of December 31, 2017, we had no outstanding 
borrowings under Facility A. 

F-36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
  
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

On December 17, 2015, we entered into a First Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement and a Revolving 
Facility  B  Agreement  (the  “Facility  B  Agreement”) with  Frost to provide  a  new  $30.0  million  revolving  credit 
facility (“Facility B”), in addition to Facility A. On November 1, 2016, we amended the Facility B Agreement with 
Frost  to extend  by  one  year  the  termination  date for draws  under  Facility  B  and  the  maturity  date for amounts 
outstanding  thereunder.  We  paid  Frost  a  commitment  fee  of  $75,000  when  Facility  B  was  established  and  an 
additional $30,000 fee when Facility B was extended. On December 20, 2017, we entered into a Second Amendment 
to Second Restated Credit Agreement and a Second Amendment to Revolving Facility B Agreement with Frost. 
The Second Amendment to Second Restated Credit Agreement revised certain definitions in the Second Restated 
Credit Agreement. The Second Amendment to Revolving Facility B Agreement amended the Revolving Facility B 
Agreement to further extend by one year the termination date for draws thereunder and the maturity date for amounts 
outstanding thereunder.  During the fourth quarter of 2017 we accrued a $30,000 fee payable to Frost when Facility 
B was extended. 

We may use Facility B loan proceeds solely for the purpose of making capital contributions to AHIC and HIC. As 
amended, we may borrow, repay and reborrow under Facility B until December 17, 2019, at which time all amounts 
outstanding under Facility B are converted to a term loan. Through December 17, 2019, we pay Frost a quarterly 
fee of 0.25% per annum of the average daily unused balance of Facility B. Facility B bears interest at a rate equal 
to the prime rate or LIBOR plus 3.00%, at our election. Until December 17, 2019, interest only on amounts from 
time  to  time  outstanding  under  Facility  B  are  payable  quarterly.  Any  amounts  outstanding  on  Facility  B  as  of 
December 17, 2019 are converted to a term loan payable in quarterly installments over five years based on a seven 
year  amortization  of  principal  plus  accrued  interest.  All  remaining  principal  and  accrued  interest  on  Facility  B 
become due and payable on December 17, 2024. As of December 31, 2017, we had $30.0 million outstanding under 
Facility B. 

The obligations under both Facility A and Facility B are secured by a security interest in the capital stock of AHIC 
and HIC.  Both Facility A and Facility B contain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain certain 
financial and operating ratios and restrict certain distributions, transactions and organizational changes. We are in 
compliance with or have obtained a waiver of all of these covenants. 

9.  Subordinated Debt Securities: 

On June 21, 2005, we entered into a trust preferred securities transaction pursuant to which we issued $30.9 million 
aggregate  principal  amount  of  subordinated  debt  securities  due  in  2035.  To  effect  the  transaction,  we  formed 
Hallmark  Statutory  Trust  I  (“Trust  I”)  as  a  Delaware  statutory  trust.  Trust  I  issued  $30.0  million  of  preferred 
securities to investors and $0.9 million of common securities to us. Trust I used the proceeds from these issuances 
to purchase the subordinated debt securities. The initial interest rate on our Trust I subordinated debt securities was 
7.725%  until  June  15,  2015,  after  which  interest  adjusts  quarterly  to  the  three-month  LIBOR  rate  plus  3.25 
percentage points. Trust I pays dividends on its preferred securities at the same rate. Under the terms of our Trust I 
subordinated  debt  securities,  we  pay  interest  only  each  quarter  and  the  principal  of  the  note  at  maturity.  The 
subordinated debt securities are uncollaterized and do not require maintenance of minimum financial covenants. As 
of December 31, 2017, the principal balance of our Trust I subordinated debt was $30.9 million and the interest rate 
was 4.84% per annum. 

On August 23, 2007, we entered into a trust preferred securities transaction pursuant to which we issued $25.8 
million aggregate principal amount of subordinated debt securities due in 2037. To effect the transaction, we formed 
Hallmark Statutory Trust II (“Trust II”) as a Delaware statutory trust. Trust II issued $25.0 million of preferred 
securities to investors and $0.8 million of common securities to us. Trust II used the proceeds from these issuances 
to purchase the subordinated debt securities. Our Trust II subordinated debt securities bore an initial interest rate of 
8.28% until September 15, 2017, after which interest adjusts quarterly to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 2.90 

F-37 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

percentage points. Trust II pays dividends on its preferred securities at the same rate. Under the terms of our Trust 
II subordinated debt securities, we pay interest only  each quarter and the principal of the note at maturity. The 
subordinated debt securities are uncollateralized and do not require maintenance of minimum financial covenants. 
As of December 31, 2017, the principal balance of our Trust II subordinated debt was $25.8 million and the interest 
rate was 4.49% per annum. 

10.  Segment Information: 

We pursue our business activities primarily through subsidiaries whose operations are organized into producing 
units and are supported by our insurance carrier subsidiaries. Our non-carrier insurance activities are organized by 
operating units into the following reportable segments: 

• 

• 

Specialty Commercial Segment. Our Specialty Commercial Segment includes the excess and surplus 
lines commercial property/casualty insurance products and services handled by our Contract Binding 
operating  unit  and  the  general  aviation,  satellite  launch,  commercial  umbrella  and  primary/excess 
liability,  medical  and  financial  professional  liability  and  primary/excess  commercial  property 
insurance products and services handled by our Specialty Commercial operating unit. Certain specialty 
programs  are  also  managed  by  our  Specialty  Commercial  operating  unit.  Our  Contract  Binding 
operating unit is comprised of our HSU, PAAC and TGASRI subsidiaries. Our Specialty Commercial 
operating  unit  is  comprised  of  our  Aerospace  Insurance  Managers,  ASRI,  ACMG,  HXS  and  HDS 
subsidiaries.  

Standard  Commercial  Segment.  The  Standard  Commercial  Segment  includes  the  standard  lines 
commercial property/casualty and occupational accident insurance products and services handled by 
our  Standard  Commercial  P&C  operating  unit  and  the  workers  compensation  insurance  products 
handled by our Workers Compensation operating unit. Effective June 1, 2016, we ceased marketing 
new  or  renewal  occupational  accident  policies.  Effective  July  1,  2015,  the  Workers  Compensation 
operating unit ceased retaining any risk on new or renewal policies. Our Standard Commercial P&C 
operating unit is comprised of our American Hallmark Insurance Services and ECM subsidiaries. Our 
Workers  Compensation  operating  unit  is  comprised  of  our  TBIC  Holdings,  TBIC  and  TBICRM 
subsidiaries. 

•  Personal Segment. Our Personal Segment includes the non-standard personal automobile and renters 
insurance products and services handled by our Specialty Personal Lines operating unit. Our Specialty 
Personal Lines operating unit is comprised of AHGA and HCS. 

The retained premium produced by these reportable segments is supported by our AHIC, HSIC, HIC, HNIC and 
TBIC insurance company subsidiaries. In addition, control and management of HCM is maintained through our 
wholly  owned  subsidiary,  CYR  Insurance  Management  Company  (“CYR”).  CYR  has  as  its  primary  asset  a 
management agreement with HCM which provides for CYR to have management and control of HCM. HCM is 
used to front certain lines of business in our Specialty Commercial and Personal Segments in Texas. HCM does not 
retain any business.   

AHIC, HIC, HSIC and HNIC have entered into a pooling arrangement, pursuant to which AHIC retains 34% of the 
net premiums written by any of them, HIC retains 32% of the net premiums written by any of them, HSIC retains 
24% of the net premiums written by any of them and HNIC retains 10% of the net premiums written by any of 
them. Neither HCM nor TBIC is a party to the intercompany pooling arrangement. 

F-38 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The following is additional business segment information for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, 2016 
and 2015 (in thousands): 

Revenues 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment 

Personal Segment 
Corporate 

Consolidated 

Depreciation and Amortization Expense 
Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment 
Personal Segment 
Corporate 

Consolidated 

Interest Expense 
Specialty Commercial Segment 
Standard Commercial Segment 
Personal Segment 
Corporate 

Consolidated 

Tax (Benefit) Expense  

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment 
Personal Segment 
Corporate 

Consolidated 

Pre-tax income (loss) 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment 

Personal Segment 
Corporate 

Consolidated 

2017 

2016 

2015 

 277,946    $ 
 70,302     
 40,462     
 (3,189)    
 385,521    $ 

 255,897    $ 
 71,966     
 49,826     
 (1,737)    
 375,952    $ 

 249,910  

 76,864  

 45,538  
 90  

 372,402  

 2,796    $ 
 294     
 1,258     
 367     
 4,715    $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -   
 4,512     
 4,512    $ 

 (4,382)   $ 
 3,849     
 (676)    
 (3,810)    
 (5,019)   $ 

 2,012    $ 
 2,440     
 (3,058)    
 (17,966)    
 (16,572)   $ 

 2,579    $ 
 101     
 1,070     
 144     
 3,894    $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -   
 4,549     
 4,549    $ 

 7,886    $ 
 3,011     
 (3,821)    
 (5,124)    
 1,952    $ 

 24,417    $ 
 8,866     
 (6,839)    
 (17,966)    
 8,478    $ 

 2,537  

 136  
 779  
 64  
 3,516  

 - 
 - 
 - 
 3,906  

 3,906  

 11,609  

 1,436  
 (1,345) 
 (1,677) 

 10,023  

 40,277  

 6,687  

 (885) 
 (14,193) 

 31,886  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

F-39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The following is additional business segment information as of the following dates (in thousands): 

Assets 

Specialty Commercial Segment 

Standard Commercial Segment 

Personal Segment 
Corporate 
Consolidated 

11.  Earnings Per Share: 

December 31 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

810,133   $ 

162,152    

232,441    
26,400    
 1,231,126    $ 

  $ 

734,763 

164,295 

241,686 
21,716 
 1,162,460  

We have adopted the provisions of ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share,” requiring presentation of both basic and diluted 
earnings  per  share.  A  reconciliation  of  the  numerators  and  denominators  of  the  basic  and  diluted  per  share 
calculations is presented below (in thousands, except per share amounts): 

Numerator for both basic and diluted earnings per share: 

Net (loss) income  

  $ 

 (11,553)   $ 

 6,526    $ 

 21,863  

2017 

2016 

2015 

Denominator, basic shares 

Effect of dilutive securities: 

Stock-based compensation awards 
Denominator, diluted shares 

Basic earnings per share: 

Diluted earnings per share: 

 18,343     

 18,780     

 19,211  

 -    
 18,343     

 161     
 18,941     

 194  
 19,405  

 (0.63)   $ 

 0.35    $ 

 1.14  

 (0.63)   $ 

 0.34    $ 

 1.13  

  $ 

  $ 

We had 406,731 shares, 272,500 shares and 267,500 shares of common stock potentially issuable upon exercise of 
employee stock options for years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, that were excluded from 
the weighted average number of shares outstanding on a diluted basis because the effect of such options would be 
anti-dilutive. These instruments expire at varying times from 2018 to 2020. 

F-40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

12. Regulatory Capital Restrictions: 

Hallmark, as a holding company, is dependent on dividend payments and management fees from its subsidiaries to 
fund  its  operating  expenses,  debt  obligations  and  capital  needs,  including  the  ability  to  pay  dividends  to  its 
stockholders. Hallmark has never paid dividends on its common stock. Hallmark intends to continue this policy for 
the  foreseeable  future  in  order  to  retain  earnings  for  development  of  its  business.  There  are  no  regulatory  or 
contractual restrictions on the ability of Hallmark to pay dividends other than customary default provisions and the 
impact  of  any  dividend  payment  on  financial  ratio  covenants  in  certain  credit  agreements.  However,  there  are 
restrictions on the ability of Hallmark’s insurance carrier subsidiaries to transfer funds to the holding company. The 
amount of retained earnings that is unrestricted for the payment of dividends by Hallmark to its shareholders was 
$63.7 million as of December 31, 2017. 

AHIC and TBIC, domiciled in Texas, are limited in the payment of dividends to their stockholders in any 12-month 
period, without the prior written consent of the Texas Department of Insurance, to the greater of statutory net income 
for the prior calendar year or 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the prior year end. HIC and HNIC, both 
domiciled in Arizona, are limited in the payment of dividends to the lesser of 10% of prior year policyholders’ 
surplus  or  prior  year’s  net  investment  income,  without  prior  written  approval  from  the  Arizona  Department  of 
Insurance. HSIC, domiciled in Oklahoma, is limited in the payment of dividends to the greater of 10% of prior year 
policyholders’ surplus or prior year’s statutory net income, not including realized capital gains, without prior written 
approval from the Oklahoma Insurance Department. For all our insurance companies, dividends may only be paid 
from unassigned surplus funds. During 2018, the aggregate ordinary dividend capacity of these subsidiaries is $27.6 
million, of which $19.7 million is available to Hallmark. As a county mutual, dividends from HCM are payable to 
policyholders. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 our insurance company subsidiaries paid $11.4 
million and $10.5 million, respectively, in dividends to Hallmark. The total restricted net assets of our insurance 
company subsidiaries as of December 31, 2017, was $187.4 million. 

The state insurance departments also regulate financial transactions between our insurance subsidiaries and their 
affiliated companies. Applicable regulations require approval of management fees, expense sharing contracts and 
similar transactions. Our insurance subsidiaries did not pay management fees to Hallmark and our non-insurance 
company  subsidiaries  during  2017.  The  net  amount  paid  in  management  fees  by  our  insurance  subsidiaries  to 
Hallmark and our non-insurance company subsidiaries was $1.1 million and $1.3 million during 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. 

Statutory capital and surplus is calculated as statutory assets less statutory liabilities. The various state insurance 
departments that regulate our insurance company subsidiaries require us to maintain a minimum statutory capital 
and surplus. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, our insurance company subsidiaries reported statutory capital and 
surplus of $233.3 million and $248.4 million, respectively, substantially greater than the minimum requirements 
for  each  state.  For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2016,  2015,  respectively,  our  insurance  company 
subsidiaries reported statutory net income of $1.9 million, $8.7 million and $24.6 million, respectively.  

The National Association of Insurance Commissioners requires property/casualty insurers to file a risk-based capital 
calculation according to a specified formula. The purpose of the formula is twofold: (1) to assess the adequacy of 
an insurer’s statutory capital and surplus based upon a variety of factors such as potential risks related to investment 
portfolio, ceded reinsurance and product mix; and (2) to assist state regulators under the RBC for Insurers Model 
Act by providing thresholds at which a state commissioner is authorized and expected to take regulatory action. As 
of  December  31,  2017,  the  adjusted  capital  under  the  risk-based  capital  calculation  of  each  of  our  insurance 
company subsidiaries substantially exceeded the minimum requirements. 

F-41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

13.  Share-based Payment Arrangements: 

Our  2005  Long  Term  Incentive  Plan (“2005  LTIP”)  is  a  stock  compensation  plan  for  key  employees  and  non-
employee directors that was initially approved by the shareholders on May 26, 2005 and expired by its terms on 
May  27, 2015.    As  of  December  31, 2017,  there  were  outstanding  incentive  stock  options  to  purchase  147,574 
shares of our common stock, non-qualified stock options to purchase 259,157 shares of our common stock and 
restricted stock units representing the right to receive up to 77,640 shares of our common stock. The exercise price 
of all such outstanding stock options is equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. 

Our 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan (“2015 LTIP”) was approved by shareholders on May 29, 2015.  There are 
2,000,000 shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 LTIP.  As of December 31, 2017, restricted stock units 
representing the right to receive up to 501,029 shares of our common stock were outstanding under the 2015 LTIP.  
There were no stock option awards granted under the 2015 LTIP as of December 31, 2017. 

Stock Options: 

Incentive  stock  options  granted  under the  2005  LTIP  prior to 2009  vest  10%,  20%, 30%  and  40%  on the first, 
second, third and fourth anniversary dates of the grant, respectively, and terminate five to ten years from the date 
of  grant.    Incentive  stock  options  granted  in  2009  vest  in  equal  annual  increments  on  each  of  the  first  seven 
anniversary dates and terminate ten years from the date of grant.  One grant of 25,000 incentive stock options in 
2010 vests in equal annual increments on each of the first three anniversary dates and terminates ten years from the 
date of grant.  Non-qualified stock options granted under the 2005 LTIP generally vest 100% six months after the 
date of grant and terminate ten years from the date of grant.  One grant of 200,000 non-qualified stock options in 
2009 vests in equal annual increments on each of the first seven anniversary dates and terminates ten years from 
the date of grant.   

A summary of the status of our stock options as of December 31, 2017 and changes during the year then ended is 
presented below:  

Outstanding at January 1, 2017 
Granted 
Exercised 

Forfeited or expired 
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 
Exercisable at December 31, 2017 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price   
 9.14     

Number of 
Shares 
 624,231    $ 
-    

Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term (Years)   

Aggregate 
Instrinsic 
Value ($000) 

 (35,000)   $ 
 (182,500)   $ 
 406,731    $ 
 406,731    $ 

 6.61     
 12.49     
 7.85     
 7.85     

 1.2    $ 
 1.2    $ 

 1,142  
 1,142  

F-42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The following  table  details  the  intrinsic  value  of  options  exercised,  total cost  of  share-based  payments  charged 
against income before income tax benefit and the amount of related income tax benefit recognized in income for 
the periods indicated (in thousands): 

Intrinsic value of options exercised 
Cost of share-based payments (non-cash) 
Income tax benefit of share-based payments  
  recognized in income 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

163   $ 
 -   $ 

 -   $ 

250   $ 
38   $ 

8   $ 

393 
157 

30 

2017 

2016 

2015 

As of December 31, 2017, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted 
under our plans which is expected to be recognized in the future. 

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. Expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of Hallmark’s and similar companies’ common 
stock for a period equal to the expected term. The risk-free interest rates for periods within the contractual term of 
the options are based on rates for U.S. Treasury Notes with maturity dates corresponding to the options expected 
lives on the dates of grant. Expected term is determined based on the simplified method as we do not have sufficient 
historical exercise data to provide a basis for estimating the expected term. There were no stock options granted 
during 2017, 2016 or 2015.    

Restricted Stock Units: 

Restricted stock units awarded under the 2005 LTIP and 2015 LTIP represent the right to receive shares of common 
stock upon the satisfaction of vesting requirements, performance criteria and other terms and conditions.  Restricted 
stock units generally vest and, if performance criteria have been satisfied, shares of common stock become issuable 
on March 31 of the third calendar year following the year of grant.  If and to the extent specified performance 
criteria have been achieved, one grant of restricted stock units granted on September 8, 2014 will vest on March 31, 
2018. 

The performance criteria for all restricted stock units require that we achieve certain compound average annual 
growth rates in book value per share over the vesting period in order to receive shares of common stock in amounts 
ranging from 50% to 150% of the number of restricted stock units granted.  In addition, certain restricted stock unit 
grants contain an additional performance criteria related to the attainment of an average combined ratio percentage 
over the vesting period.   Grantees of restricted stock units do not have any rights of a stockholder, and do not 
participate in any distributions to our common stockholders, until the award fully vests upon satisfaction of the 
vesting schedule, performance criteria and other conditions set forth in their award agreement.  Therefore, unvested 
restricted stock units are not considered participating securities under ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share,” and are not 
included in the calculation of basic or diluted earnings per share.   

Compensation cost is measured as an amount equal to the fair value of the restricted stock units on the date of grant 
and is expensed over the vesting period if achievement of the performance criteria is deemed probable, with the 
amount of the expense recognized based on our best estimate of the ultimate achievement level.  The grant date fair 

F-43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

value of restricted stock units granted in 2015, 2016 and 2017 was $11.10, $11.41 and $10.20 per unit, respectively.  
We  incurred  compensation  expense  (benefit)  of  $149  thousand,  ($156)  thousand  and  $226  thousand  related  to 
restricted stock units during the year ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  We recorded income 
tax benefit (expense) of $52 thousand, ($55) thousand and $79 thousand related to restricted stock units during the 
year ended December 31, 2017,2016 and 2015, respectively. 

The following table details the status of our restricted stock units as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 
2016 and 2015:  

Nonvested at January 1 
Granted 

Vested 

Forfeited 

Nonvested at December 31 

Number of Restricted Stock Units 
2016 

2017 

2015 

 296,574   
 138,712   

 (5,998)  

 (43,509)  

 385,779   

 296,571   
 122,770   

 (7,144)  

 (115,623)  

 296,574   

 285,216  
 103,351  

 (8,616) 

 (83,380) 

 296,571  

As of December 31, 2017, there was $1.9 million of unrecognized grant date compensation cost related to unvested 
restricted  stock  units.    Based  on  the  current  performance  estimate,  we  expect  to  recognize  $0.6  million  of 
compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock units, of which $0.3 million is expected to be recognized in 
2018, $0.2 million is expected to be recognized in 2019 and $0.1 million is expected to be recognized in 2020.   

14.  Retirement Plans: 

Certain employees of the Standard Commercial Segment were participants in a defined cash balance plan covering 
all full-time employees who had completed at least 1,000 hours of service. This plan was frozen in March 2001 in 
anticipation of distribution of plan assets to members upon plan termination. All participants were vested when the 
plan was frozen. 

The following tables provide detail of the changes in benefit obligations, components of benefit costs, weighted-
average assumptions, and plan assets for the retirement plan as of and for the twelve months ending December 31, 
2017, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands) using a measurement date of December 31. 

F-44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Assumptions (end of period): 
Discount rate used in determining benefit obligation 
Rate of compensation increase 

Reconciliation of funded status (end of period): 
Accumulated benefit obligation 

Projected benefit obligation 
Fair value of plan assets 
Funded status 

Net actuarial loss 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Prepaid pension cost 

Net amount recognized as of December 31 

Changes in projected benefit obligation: 
Benefit obligation as of beginning of period 
Interest cost 
Actuarial liability loss/(gain) 
Benefits paid 

2017 

2016 

2015 

3.45%   
N/A   

3.88%   
N/A   

4.12% 
N/A 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 (12,758)    $ 

 (12,618)    $ 

 (12,915) 

 (12,758)    $ 
 11,153    
 (1,605)    $ 

 (12,618)    $ 
 10,415    
 (2,203)    $ 

 (12,915) 
 10,419  
 (2,496) 

 (3,554)   
 (3,554)   
 1,949    

 (4,102)   
 (4,102)   
 1,899    

 (3,957) 
 (3,957) 
 1,461  

 (1,605)    $ 

 (2,203)    $ 

 (2,496) 

 12,618     $ 
 471    
 554    
 (885)   

 12,915     $ 
 512    
 19    
 (828)   

 13,909  
 518  
 (646) 
 (866) 

Benefit obligation as of end of period 

  $ 

 12,758     $ 

 12,618     $ 

 12,915  

Change in plan assets: 
Fair value of plan assets as of beginning of period 
Actual return on plan assets (net of expenses) 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 

  $ 

 10,415     $ 
 1,623    
 -   
 (885)   

 10,419     $ 
 415    
 409    
 (828)   

 11,290  
 (5) 
 - 
 (866) 

Fair value of plan assets as of end of period 

  $ 

 11,153     $ 

 10,415     $ 

 10,419  

Net periodic pension cost: 
Service cost - benefits earned during the period 
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 
Expected return on plan assets 
Recognized actuarial loss 

Net periodic pension cost 

Discount rate 
Expected return on plan assets 
Rate of compensation increase 

  $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

 471    
 (646)   
 126    

 512    
 (653)   
 112    

  $ 

 (49)    $ 

 (29)    $ 

3.88%   
6.50%   
N/A   

4.12%   
6.50%   
N/A   

- 
 518  
 (701) 
 103  

 (80) 

3.86% 
6.50% 
N/A 

F-45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Estimated future benefit payments by fiscal year (in thousands): 

2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023-2027 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 882  
 876  
 864  
 866  
 851  
 4,001  

As of December 31, 2017, the fair value of the plan assets was composed of cash and cash equivalents of $0.4 
million, debt securities of $3.6 million and equity securities of $7.2 million. 

Our investment objectives are to preserve capital and to achieve long-term growth through a favorable rate of return 
equal to or greater than 5% over the long-term (60 year) average inflation rate as measured by the consumer price 
index. The objective of the equity portion of the portfolio is to achieve a return in excess of the Standard & Poor’s 
500 index. The objective of the fixed income portion of the portfolio is to add stability, consistency, safety and total 
return to the total fund portfolio. 

We prohibit investments in options, futures, precious metals, short sales and purchase on margin. We also restrict 
the investment in fixed income securities to “A” rated or better and restrict investments in common stocks to only 
those  that  are  listed  and  actively  traded  on  one  or  more  of  the  major  United  States  stock  exchanges,  including 
NASDAQ. We manage to an asset allocation of 45% to 75% in equity securities. An investment in any single stock 
issue is restricted to 5% of the total portfolio value and 90% of the securities held in mutual or commingled funds 
must meet the criteria for common stocks. 

To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, we consider the historical returns and the 
future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of the pension portfolio. 
This resulted in the selection of the 6.5% long-term rate of return on assets assumption. The expected return on plan 
assets uses the fair market value as of December 31, 2017. To develop the discount rate used in determining the 
benefit obligation we used the BPS&M AA Pension Discount Curve at the measurement date to match the timing 
and amounts of projected future benefits.  A corridor approach is used to amortize actuarial gains and losses.  We 
are applying the 10% threshold set forth in ASC 715.  In addition, since all accrued benefits under the plan are 
frozen, we are amortizing the unrecognized gains and losses outside of the corridor by the average life expectancy 
of the plan participants. 

We expect that we will not be required to make a contribution to the defined benefit cash balance plan during 2018. 
We expect our 2018 periodic pension cost to be $(164) thousand, the components of which are interest cost of $424 
thousand, expected return on plan assets of ($694) thousand and amortization of actuarial loss of $106 thousand. 

F-46 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

The following table shows the weighted-average asset allocation for the defined benefit cash balance plan held as 
of December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

Asset Category: 
Debt securities 
Equity securities 
Other 
Total 

December 31 

2017 

2016 

32%    
64%    
4%    
100%    

33% 
64% 
3% 
100% 

We determine the fair value of our financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820. 
(See Note 3.) 

The following table presents, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, our plan assets that are measured at fair 
value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands). 

As of December 31, 2017 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Other 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Unobservable Inputs  
(Level 3) 

  $ 

  $ 

 -   $ 
7,156    
7,156   $ 

3,586   $ 
 -    
3,586   $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -   $ 

Total 

3,586 
7,156 

10,742 

Debt securities 
Equity securities 

Total 

As of December 31, 2016 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Other 
Observable 
Inputs  
(Level 2) 

Unobservable Inputs 
 (Level 3) 

Debt securities 
Equity securities 

Total 

  $ 

  $ 

 -   $ 
6,653    
6,653   $ 

3,438   $ 
 -    
3,438   $ 

 -   $ 
 -    
 -   $ 

Total 

3,438 
6,653 

10,091 

Our plan assets also include cash and cash equivalents of $0.4 million and $0.3 million at December 31, 2017 and 
2016, respectively, and are carried at cost which approximates fair value. 

We sponsor a defined contribution plan. Under this plan, employees may contribute a portion of their compensation 
on a tax-deferred basis, and we may contribute a discretionary amount each year. We contributed $0.2 million, $0.4 
million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

F-47 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

15.  

Income Taxes: 

The composition of deferred tax assets and liabilities and the related tax effects as of December 31, 2017 and 
2016, are as follows (in thousands): 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Deferred policy acquisition costs 
Net unrealized holding gain on investments 
Agency relationship 
Intangible assets 
Goodwill 
Bond amortization 
Fixed assets 
Other 

Total deferred tax liabilities 

Deferred tax assets: 

Unearned premiums 
Amortization of non-compete agreements 
Pension liability 
Net operating loss carry-forward 
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense 
Rent reserve 
Bond amortization 
Bonus accrual 
Investment impairments 
Other 

Total deferred tax assets 

  $ 

2017 

2016 

 (3,361)   $ 
 (4,688)    
 (28)    
 (2,476)    
 (357)    
 (111)    
 (860)    
 (303)    
 (12,184)    

 6,901     
 107     
 746     
 200     
 3,422     
 158     
 -    
 302     
 1,956     
 329     
 14,121     

 (6,717) 
 (7,395) 
 (56) 
 (4,623) 
 (559) 
 - 
 (1,106) 
 (435) 
 (20,891) 

 11,184  
 238  
 1,436  
 319  
 6,208  
 247  
 434  
 291  
 1,419  
 480  

 22,256  

Deferred federal income taxes, net 

  $ 

 1,937    $ 

 1,365  

We concluded that no valuation allowance was necessary to provide against our deferred tax assets as of 
December 31, 2017. 

F-48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

A reconciliation of the income tax provisions based on the 35% statutory tax rate to the provision reflected in the 
consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2016  and  2015,  is  as  follows  (in 
thousands):  

Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense at statutory tax rate 
Meals and entertainment 
Tax exempt interest 
Dividends received deduction 
State taxes (net of federal benefit) 
Tax law change 
True up bond amortization 
Other 

Income tax (benefit) expense  

Current income tax (benefit) expense  
Deferred tax (benefit) expense  

Income tax (benefit) expense 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 (5,800)   $ 
 81     
 (987)    
 (196)    
 165     
 1,276     
 464     
 (22)    

 2,967    $ 
 81     
 (1,164)    
 (133)    
 203     
 -    
 -    
 (2)    

 11,160  
 32  
 (1,259) 
 (141) 
 176  
 - 
 - 
 55  

 (5,019)   $ 

 1,952    $ 

 10,023  

 (3,444)   $ 
 (1,575)    

 1,547    $ 
 405     

 11,053  
 (1,030) 

 (5,019)   $ 

 1,952    $ 

 10,023  

We have available, for federal income tax purposes, unused net operating loss of $1.0 million at December 31, 
2017. The losses were acquired as part of the HIC and HCM acquisitions and may be used to offset future taxable 
income. Utilization of the losses is limited under Internal Revenue Code Section 382. The Internal Revenue Code 
provides that effective with tax years beginning September 1997, the carry-back and carry-forward periods are 2 
years and 20 years, respectively, with respect to newly generated operating losses. The net operating losses will 
expire if unused, as follows (in thousands): 

Year  
2022   $ 
2028  
2029  
2031  
2032  
2033  
2034  
2035  
2036  
2037  

  $ 

 553  
 2  
 25  
 45  
 77  
 73  
 59  
 33  
 50  
 37  
 954  

We are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for 
years prior to 2014. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax 
expense. There were no uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2017. 

F-49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

16.  

Commitments and Contingencies: 

We  have  several  leases,  primarily  for  office  facilities  and  computer  equipment,  which  expire  in  various  years 
through  2022.  Certain  of  these  leases  contain  renewal  options.  Rental  expense  amounted  to  $2.8  million,  $2.5 
million and $2.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. 

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2017 are as follows (in 
thousands): 

Year 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 and thereafter  

Total minimum lease payments (a) 

$ 

$ 

 2,398  
 2,251  
 2,151  
 1,155  
 507  
 - 

 8,462  

(a)  Minimum lease payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $35 thousand due in the future under non-cancelable 

subleases. 

From  time  to  time,  assessments  are  levied  on  us  by  the  guaranty  association  of  the  states  where  we  offer  our 
insurance  products.  Such  assessments  are  made  primarily  to  cover  the  losses  of  policyholders  of  insolvent  or 
rehabilitated insurers. Since these assessments can generally be recovered through a reduction in future premium 
taxes paid, we capitalize the assessments that can be recovered as they are paid and amortize the capitalized balance 
against  our  premium  tax  expense.  We  paid  assessments  of  $36  thousand  and  $0.1  million  in  2017  and  2016, 
respectively.  

We are engaged in various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, none of which, either individually 
or in the aggregate, are believed likely to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or 
results of operations, in the opinion of management. The various legal proceedings to which we are a party are 
routine in nature and incidental to our business. 

F-50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

17.  

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Balances: 

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income balances as of December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 were 
as follows (in thousands): 

Pension 
Liability 

Unrealized 
Gains (Loss)   

Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss) 

  $ 

 (2,600)   $ 

 20,401    $ 

 17,801  

Balance at January 1, 2015 
Other comprehensive loss: 
Change in net actuarial gain 
Tax effect on change in net actuarial gain 
Unrealized holding losses arising during the period 
Tax effect on unrealized losses arising during the period 

Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net realized gains 

Tax effect on reclassification adjustment for gains included in income  
  tax expense 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax 

Balance at December 31, 2015 
Other comprehensive income: 
Change in net actuarial loss 
Tax effect on change in net actuarial loss 
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period 
Tax effect on unrealized gains arising during the period 

Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net realized gains 

Tax effect on reclassification adjustment for gains included in income  
  tax expense 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 

Balance at December 31, 2016 
Other comprehensive income: 
Change in net actuarial gain 
Tax effect on change in net actuarial gain 
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period 
Tax effect on unrealized gains arising during the period 

Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net realized gains 

Tax effect on reclassification adjustment for gains included in income  
  tax expense 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 

 43     
 (15)    
 -    
 -    

 -    
 -    
 (10,191)    
 3,567     

 -    

 (5,826)    

 -    
 28     

  $ 

 (2,572)   $ 

 (145)    
 51     
 -    
 -    

 2,039     
 (10,411)    
 9,990    $ 

 -    
 -    
 6,019     
 (2,107)    

 -    

 (1,331)    

 -    
 (94)    

 466     
 3,047     

  $ 

 (2,666)   $ 

 13,037    $ 

 548     
 (192)    
 -    
 -    

 -    
 -    
 9,117     
 (3,191)    

 -    

 (6,799)    

 -    
 356     

 2,380     
 1,507     

Balance at December 31, 2017 

  $ 

 (2,310)   $ 

 14,544    $ 

F-51 

 43  
 (15) 
 (10,191) 
 3,567  

 (5,826) 

 2,039  
 (10,383) 

 7,418  

 (145) 
 51  
 6,019  
 (2,107) 

 (1,331) 

 466  
 2,953  

 10,371  

 548  
 (192) 
 9,117  
 (3,191) 

 (6,799) 

 2,380  
 1,863  

 12,234  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
    
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

18. 

Concentrations of Credit Risk: 

We maintain cash and cash equivalents in accounts with four financial institutions in excess of the amount insured 
by  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation.  We  monitor  the  financial  stability  of  the  depository  institutions 
regularly and do not believe excessive risk of depository institution failure existed at December 31, 2017. 

We are also subject to credit risk with respect to reinsurers to whom we have ceded underwriting risk. Although a 
reinsurer is liable for losses to the extent of the coverage it assumes, we remain obligated to our policyholders in 
the event that the reinsurers do not meet their obligations under the reinsurance agreements. In order to mitigate 
credit  risk  to  reinsurance  companies,  we  monitor  the  financial  condition  of  reinsurers  on  an  ongoing  basis  and 
review our reinsurance arrangements periodically. Most of our reinsurance recoverable balances as of December 
31, 2017 were with reinsurers that had an A.M. Best rating of “A-” or better. We also mitigate our credit risk for 
the remaining reinsurance recoverable by obtaining letters of credit. 

19.  

Unaudited Selected Financial Quarterly Information: 

Following is a summary of the unaudited interim results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 
2016 (in thousands, except per share data). In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary to present fairly 
the results of operations for such periods have been made. 

2017 

2016 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

Total revenue 
Total expense 
Income (loss) before tax 
Income tax expense (benefit) 

Net income (loss) 

  $   96,948    $   93,475    $   97,723    $   97,375    $   90,028    $   91,052    $   97,618    $   97,254  
   91,110        98,393        99,248       113,342        84,039        89,565        90,442       103,428  
 7,176        (6,174) 
 2,128        (2,512) 
 5,048    $ 

   (1,525)      (15,967)     
 35        (5,338)     
 (1,560)   $  (10,629)   $ 

 5,838        (4,918)   
 1,852        (1,568)   
 3,986    $ 

 5,989      
 1,915      
 4,074    $ 

 1,487    
 421    

 (3,350)    $ 

 1,066     $ 

 (3,662) 

  $ 

Basic earnings (loss) per share: 

  $ 

 0.21    $ 

 (0.18)    $ 

 (0.09)   $ 

 (0.59)   $ 

 0.21    $ 

 0.06     $ 

 0.27    $ 

 (0.20) 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share:    $ 

 0.21    $ 

 (0.18)   $ 

 (0.09)   $ 

 (0.59)   $ 

 0.21    $ 

 0.06    $ 

 0.27    $ 

 (0.20) 

F-52 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

Schedule II – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company Only) 

HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. 
BALANCE SHEETS 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(In thousands) 

ASSETS 

Debt securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: $150 in 2017) 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Investment in subsidiaries 
Deferred federal income taxes 
Federal income tax recoverable 
Other assets 

  Total assets 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Liabilities: 
Revolving credit facility payable 
Subordinated debt securities (less unamortized debt issuance cost of $949 in 2017 and $1,001  
  in 2016) 
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses 

   Total liabilities 

Stockholders’ equity: 

Common stock, $.18 par value, authorized 33,333,333 shares; issued 20,872,831 shares in 2017  
  and in 2016 

Additional paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Treasury stock (2,703,803 shares in 2017 and 2,260,849 in 2016), at cost 

Total stockholders’ equity 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 150    $ 
 12,194     
 344,496     
 493     
 3,914     
 3,571     

 - 
 9,034  
 363,078  
 333  
 2,756  
 3,878  

  $ 

 364,818    $ 

 379,079  

  $ 

 30,000    $ 

 30,000  

 55,753     
 27,947     
 113,700     

 55,701  
 27,642  

 113,343  

 3,757     
 123,180     
 136,474     
 12,234     

 3,757  
 123,166  
 148,027  
 10,371  

 (24,527)    

 (19,585) 

 251,118     

 265,736  

  $ 

 364,818    $ 

 379,079  

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm.  

F-53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

Schedule II (Continued) – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company Only) 

HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. 
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
(In thousands) 

Investment income, net of expenses 

Dividend income from subsidiaries 

Net realized losses 
Management fee income 
   Total revenues 

Operating expenses 
Interest expense 

   Total expenses 

Income before equity in undistributed earnings (loss) of subsidiaries  
  and income tax benefit 

Income tax benefit 

Income before equity in undistributed earnings (loss) of subsidiaries 

Equity in undistributed share of (loss) earnings in subsidiaries 

Net (loss) income  

Comprehensive (loss) income  

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 210    $ 
 11,375     
 (759)    
 11,896     
 22,722     

 10,265     
 4,512     

 14,777     

 7,945     

 (947)    

 8,892     

 (20,445)    

 (11,553)   $ 

 (9,690)   $ 

 70    $ 
 10,500     
 -    
 10,711     
 21,281     

 9,878     
 4,549     

 14,427     

 6,854     

 (1,315)    

 8,169     

 (1,643)    

 6,526    $ 

 9,479    $ 

 120  

 8,000  

 - 

 10,053  
 18,173  

 10,222  
 3,906  

 14,128  

 4,045  

 (1,273) 

 5,318  

 16,545  

 21,863  

 11,480  

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm.  

F-54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Schedule II (Continued) – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company Only) 

FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

HALLMARK FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
(In thousands) 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net (loss) income  

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to cash provided by (used in)  
  operating activities: 

Depreciation and amortization expense 

Deferred income tax (benefit) expense  
Net realized losses 

Undistributed share of loss (earnings) of subsidiaries 
Change in current federal income tax (recoverable) payable  

Change in all other liabilities 
Change in all other assets 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 (11,553)   $ 

 6,526    $ 

 21,863  

 367     
 (160)    
 759     
 20,445     
 (1,158)    
 306     
 632     

 148     
 609     
 -    
 1,643     
 (2,828)    
 1,228     
 814     

 65  

 (195) 
 - 

 (16,545) 
 8  

 (7,080) 
 188  

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

 9,638     

 8,140     

 (1,696) 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Purchases of property and equipment 

Purchase of investment securities 
Capital contribution to subsidiaries 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options 
Purchase of treasury shares 

Activity under revolving credit facility, net 
Payment of debt issuance costs 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities 

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

 (97)    
 (1,304)    
 -    

 (1,401)    

 231     
 (5,308)    
 -    
 -    
 (5,077)    

 3,160     
 9,034     

 (1,469)    
 -    
 -    

 (1,469)    

 466     
 (6,117)    
 -    
 -    
 (5,651)    

 1,020     
 8,014     

 (159) 

 - 
 (30,000) 

 (30,159) 

 658  
 (2,532) 

 30,000  
 (96) 

 28,030  

 (3,825) 
 11,839  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

  $ 

 12,194    $ 

 9,034    $ 

 8,014  

Supplemental cash flow information: 

Interest paid 

Income taxes paid (recovered)  

  $ 

  $ 

 4,506    $ 

 4,287    $ 

 3,906  

 372    $ 

 904    $ 

 (1,086) 

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm. 

F-55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

Schedule III - Supplementary Insurance Information 
(In thousands) 

Column A 

Segment 

 Column B  Column C  Column D   Column E  Column F  Column G  Column H   Column I 

 Column J  Column K 

Future 
Policy 
Benefits, 
Losses, 
Claims, 
and Loss 
Adjustment 
Expenses   

Deferred 
Policy 
Acquisition 
Costs 

Other 
Policy 
Claims and 
Benefits 
Payable 

Unearned 
Premiums  

Premium 
Revenue   

Net 
Investment 
Income 

Benefits, 
Claims, 
Losses and 
Settlement 
Expenses   

Amortization 
of Deferred 
Policy 
Acquisition 
Costs 

Other 
Operating 
Expenses  

Net 
Premiums 
Written 

2017 
Specialty Commercial    
  Segment 
Standard Commercial  
  Segment 

 $ 

 8,668   $   416,788   $ 

224,903   $ 

 6,421    

 87,323    

 37,574    

Personal Segment 

 913    

 22,989    

 14,165    

Corporate 

-   

-   

-   

Consolidated 

 $ 

 16,002   $   527,100   $ 

276,642   $ 

2016 
Specialty Commercial  
  Segment 
Standard Commercial  
  Segment 

 $ 

 11,961   $   358,961   $ 

185,634   $ 

 5,849    

 93,793    

 34,334    

Personal Segment 

 1,383    

 28,813    

 21,286    

Corporate 

-   

-   

-   

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 $  259,086   $   16,809   $ 

213,050   $ 

 21,600   $   57,458   $ 

265,022  

 66,218    

 3,855    

 45,227    

 10,890    

 23,180    

 69,288  

 35,733    

 1,194    

 30,031    

 1,775    

 12,712    

 31,273  

-   

 (2,984)   

-   

 -   

 10,265    

- 

 $  361,037   $   18,874   $ 

288,308   $ 

 34,265   $ 

103,615   $ 

365,583  

 $  241,890   $   12,962   $ 

169,125   $ 

 27,474   $   58,678   $ 

249,072  

 67,510    

 3,471    

 41,173    

 12,199    

 22,117    

 68,490  

 43,970    

 1,276    

 43,390    

 (597)   

 13,119    

 44,267  

-   

 (1,367)   

-   

 -   

 11,682    

- 

Consolidated 

 $ 

 19,193   $   481,567   $ 

241,254   $ 

 -  $  353,370   $   16,342   $ 

253,688   $ 

 39,076   $ 

105,596   $ 

361,829  

2015 
Specialty Commercial  
  Segment 
Standard Commercial  
  Segment 

 $ 

 13,501   $   314,975   $ 

161,730   $ 

-  $  237,640   $   11,524   $ 

148,664   $ 

 23,371   $   58,212   $ 

241,775  

 5,633    

 105,971    

 33,701    

-   

 72,613    

 3,623    

 47,071    

 4,237    

 22,820    

 71,097  

Personal Segment 

 1,232    

 29,932    

 20,976    

Corporate 

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

 38,828    

 1,235    

 34,414    

 5,066    

 12,205    

 44,072  

-   

 (2,413)   

-   

 -   

 10,377    

- 

Consolidated 

 $ 

 20,366   $   450,878   $ 

216,407   $ 

 -  $  349,081   $   13,969   $ 

230,149   $ 

 32,674   $ 

103,614   $ 

356,944  

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm. 

F-56 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
    
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

Schedule IV – Reinsurance 
(In thousands) 

Year Ended December 31, 2017 
Life insurance in force 

Premiums 

Life insurance 
Accident and health insurance 
Property and liability insurance 
Title Insurance 

Column B Gross 
Amount 

Column C Ceded to 
Other Companies 

Column D Assumed 
from Other 
Companies 

Column E Net 
Amount 

Column F 
Percentage of 
Amount Assumed 
to Net 

  $ 

  $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

-   

-    $ 
-   
 567,089    
-   

-    $ 
-   
 207,732    
-   

-    $ 
-   
 1,680    
-   

-   
-   
 361,037   
-   

0.47% 

Total premiums 

  $ 

 567,089     $ 

 207,732     $ 

 1,680     $ 

 361,037    

0.47% 

Year Ended December 31, 2016 
Life insurance in force 

Premiums 

Life insurance 
Accident and health insurance 
Property and liability insurance 
Title Insurance 

  $ 

  $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

-   

-    $ 
-   
 524,229    
-   

-    $ 
-   
 170,859    
-   

-    $ 
-   
 -   
-   

-   
-   
 353,370   
-   

0.00% 

Total premiums 

  $ 

 524,229     $ 

 170,859     $ 

 -    $ 

 353,370    

0.00% 

Year Ended December 31, 2015 
Life insurance in force 

Premiums 

Life insurance 
Accident and health insurance 
Property and liability insurance 
Title Insurance 

  $ 

  $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

-    $ 

-   

-    $ 
-   
 494,643    
-   

-    $ 
-   
 145,562    
-   

-    $ 
-   
 -   
-   

-   
-   
 349,081    
-   

0.00% 

Total premiums 

  $ 

 494,643     $ 

 145,562     $ 

 -    $ 

 349,081    

0.00% 

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm. 

F-57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Schedule VI - Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Insurance Operations 
(In thousands) 

FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

Column A 

  Column B    Column C    Column D    Column E    Column F    Column G   

Column H 

Column I 

  Column J 

  Column K 

Affiliation With 
Registrant 

(a) Consolidated 
property-casualty 
Entities 

2017 
2016 
2015 

Reserves for 
Unpaid 
Claims and 
Claim 
Adjustment 
Expenses 

Discount if 
any, 
Deducted In 
Column C 

Deferred 
Policy 
Acquisition 
Costs 

Unearned 
Premiums 

Earned 
Premiums 

Net 
Investment 
Income 

Claims and Claim 
Adjustment Expenses 
Incurred Related to 

Amortization of 
Deferred Policy 
Acquisitions 
Costs 

Paid Claims 
and Claims 
Adjustment 
Expenses 

Net 
Premiums 
Written 

(1) Current 
Year 

(2) Prior 
Years 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

16,002   $ 
19,193   $ 
20,366   $ 

527,100   $ 
481,567   $ 
450,878   $ 

-   $ 
-   $ 
-   $ 

276,642   $ 
241,254   $ 
216,407   $ 

361,037   $ 
353,370   $ 
349,081   $ 

18,874   $ 
16,342   $ 
13,969   $ 

248,203   $ 
246,080   $ 
237,102   $ 

 40,105    $ 
 7,608    $ 
 (6,953)   $ 

34,275   $ 
39,076   $ 
32,674   $ 

274,150   $ 
243,445   $ 
205,254   $ 

365,583 
361,829 
356,944 

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm. 

F-58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
$14

$12

$10

$8

$6

$4

$2

$0