Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Asset Management / KRM22

KRM22

krm · LSE Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker krm
Exchange LSE
Sector Financial Services
Industry Asset Management
Employees 11-50
← All annual reports
FY2020 Annual Report · KRM22
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Annual Report 2020 

Risk as alpha 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 

 ..................................................................................................................................................................................   

Highlights ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 

Chairman’s statement ...................................................................................................................................... 2 

The Global Risk Platform ................................................................................................................................. 7 

Our products ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 

Principal risks and uncertainties ................................................................................................................... 13 

Section 172 statement ................................................................................................................................... 16 

Financial review................................................................................................................................................ 18 

Board of Directors............................................................................................................................................ 25 

Corporate Governance statement ................................................................................................................ 28 

Audit Committee report .................................................................................................................................. 35 

Remuneration Committee report .................................................................................................................. 37 

Nomination Committee report ...................................................................................................................... 41 

Directors’ report ............................................................................................................................................... 42 

Financial statements ....................................................................................................................................... 48 

Independent auditor’s report to the members of KRM22 Plc ................................................................. 49 

Consolidated income statement and statement of comprehensive income for the group .............. 59 

Consolidated statement of financial position for the group .................................................................... 60 

Company statement of financial position ................................................................................................... 61 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the group ................................................................... 62 

Company statement of changes in equity .................................................................................................. 63 

Consolidated statement of cash flows for the group ............................................................................... 64 

Company statement of cash flows .............................................................................................................. 65 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements ........................................................................................ 66 

Company information ................................................................................................................................... 100 

   
 
 
1 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

HIGHLIGHTS 

Financial 

•  Total revenue recognised of £4.6m (2019: £4.1m) 
•  A significantly improved adjusted EBITDA loss1  of £0.2m (2019: £3.1m) 
•  Annualised Recurring Revenue (ARR)2 as at 31 December 2020 of £4.3m (2019: £4.3m) at the 2020 

constant rate (£4.1m at current rates) 

o  New contracted ARR in the year ended 31 December 2020 of £0.8m 

Impairment of intangibles of £3.0m (2019: £ 2.3m) 

•  Gain on extinguishment of debt (net) of £0.7m 
• 
•  Loss before tax of £5.7m (2019: loss of £7.3m) 
•  Group cash at 31 December 2020 of £2.0m (2019: £1.1m) 
•  Net increase in cash and cash equivalents of £0.9m (2019: outflow of £2.3m)  
•  Completed two capital raises in the year 

o  An equity fundraise in May 2020 raising gross proceeds of £1.3m through a placement and 

subscription for new ordinary shares 

o  Replacement of the Harbert £10.0m loan facility, of which we had drawn down £1.0m in 
2019, with a new £3.0m convertible loan facility with Kestrel Partners in September 2020 

Operational 

•  Acquisition of remaining 40% shareholding in KRM22 Market Surveillance in April 2020 
•  Managing the impact of COVID-19 with KRM22 with the Company being fully operational, globally, 

from home as a result of internal infrastructure and process implemented from launch 

•  Group restructure, with annual cost savings of £0.7m 
•  Soc 2 accreditation approved in March 2021 

1 Adjusted EBITDA is the reported loss for the year, adjusted for recurring non-monetary costs including depreciation, amortisation 
gain on extinguishment of debt, unrealised foreign exchange loss, deferred salary bonus accrual write back and share-based payment 
charges and non-recurring costs including profit/(loss) on tangible/intangible assets, impairment charges, reorganisation costs and 
acquisition and funding costs. 

2 Annualised Recurring Revenue (ARR) is the value of contracted Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)  revenue normalised to a one year 
period and excludes one-time fees. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

KEITH TODD CBE, CHAIRMAN AND CEO 

KRM22 continued to make good progress in 2020, winning top tier institutions and broadening its product 
offerings  delivered  through  the  Global  Risk  Platform.   We  are  creating  a  powerful  platform  to  help capital 
markets participants manage risk.  The Company reported a small, adjusted EBITDA loss for the year of £0.2m 
compared with an adjusted EBITDA loss of £3.1m in 2019 on revenue of £4.6m (2019: £4.1m). 

We completed one equity capital and one debt capital raise in 2020 to provide working capital and strengthen 
the balance sheet.  This, together with the improving financial performance, provides KRM22 with a strong 
financial base for 2021.  

When we started 2020, we did not envisage the dramatic impact the pandemic would have on the operating 
environment.  In April 2020, we implemented cost cutting actions through a voluntary salary waiver that all 
team  members  participated  in  and  general  overhead  reductions.    In  June  2020,  we  made  some  roles 
redundant  as  we  continued  to  adjust to  a  slowing  business  climate.    Travel  was suspended  and  all  team 
members operated from home from March 2020.  There was little impact on our operating effectiveness as 
a result of the infrastructure and processes that we implemented from launch in 2018.   

Our customers and prospects were however significantly impacted.  Across the board the high volume of 
trading in March 2020 and April 2020, at a time when they were implementing home working for the first time, 
meant  that  there  was  no  time  for  new  initiatives  and  therefore  consideration  of  our  products  was  not  an 
immediate priority.  Whilst trading activity had evened out by the middle of the third quarter, adjustments to 
normal  business  practices  had  to  be  absorbed  to  support  prospect  and  customer  engagement  through 
remote channels versus in person visits.  The consequence of this was significant delays in new customer 
signings.    However,  despite  this  new  contract  wins  in  the  year  included  the  sale  of  new  risk  products  to 
existing customers and the signing of a new contract for a suite of risk products with a major London based 
brokerage firm, with the customer seeing the benefits of our ability to simplify the cost and complexity of risk 
through technology delivered on one platform as a one-stop service.  This impacted the carrying value of our 
intangibles, including goodwill, asset base too.  We experienced an unprecedented impact of churn in the year 
as traders withdrew from trading while the trading pits were closed or suspended as well as some customer 
retrenching and reducing external spend.  While some churn in 2021 can be expected as part of any market, 
we anticipate the level of churn going back to more normalised levels.  

Market  

As we enter 2021, we are seeing strong engagement from prospects and existing customers.  

Regulators are moving to an enforcement phase with increasing fines and threats of fines covering a plethora 
of regulatory areas.  The pressure on cost efficiency, alongside regulatory compliance is top of the agenda. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Vision and mission 

Our vision ‘A world in which organisations operate at their optimal threshold of risk to drive increased returns’ 
and mission ‘To bring increased visibility and lower cost risk management to capital market  organisations’ 
have not changed since our inception.  

Our  ability  to  offer  integrated  functionality  as  a  technology  service  significantly  reduces  the  cost  and 
complexity  of  managing  risk  for  our  customers.    Most  organisations  are,  in  today’s  market,  tackling  the 
challenges of an increase in costs added to historically costly infrastructure leading to a motivation to reduce 
cost.  We are however on a journey with our customers to help them  optimise business performance and 
thus deliver superior returns to their shareholders.  We do this by providing cost effective risk tools as a service 
that  eliminate  multiple  distinct  applications  that  demand  separate  infrastructure  and  data  sources.    The 
replacement  solution  is  one  holistic  Global  Risk  Platform  that  operates  a  series  of  risk  based  business 
processes,  increasingly  supported  by  AI  tools,  that  operate  on  one  single  data  source.    As  our  journey 
progresses, and with customer agreement, we will be able to create risk benchmarks and indices that will 
fundamentally change how the industry measures itself.  It is a truly exciting journey we are on. 

What we sell 

We position our product offerings within five domains of risk Enterprise, Market, Compliance, Operations and 
Technology.  They are delivered through our single Global Risk Platform. 

The Global Risk Platform is not sold as a separate product, it comes with any functional offering and includes 
the ability to receive news feeds, raise support questions and provides insight to other integrated risk offerings 
that are not currently used by the customer.  The Global Risk Platform provides the unifying glue between the 
offerings,  reduces  integration  costs  and  provides  a  platform  for  our  growth.    Our  product  offerings  are 
supported by experienced subject matter experts which prospects and customers leverage to help define and 
manage risk on new instruments, respond to regulatory changes and build the ultimate risk platform tailored 
for each customer.   

Our ‘Risk Cockpit’ offering has a full range of functionality to support real time enterprise risk as well as other 
department use cases.  We have found that the  application of what we know as the Risk Cockpit to  have 
specific  use  cases  within  operations,  compliance  as  well  as  others  such  as  people  and  culture  risk.    The 
structured  accountability  framework,  along  with  integrated  risk  functionality  and  dashboards,  provides 
customers with a holistic view of a risk area and the ability to track and improve risk management.  We are 
now exploring the use of AI to help predict risk events.  This will become an add on sale to the core Risk 
Cockpit.  

Our Market Risk offerings cover the life cycle of risk: Pre-trade, At-trade and Post-trade risk.  The offerings are 
used across the spectrum of customers from Tier one banks to traders.  

Our Compliance offerings cover a full range of regulatory requirements, the anchor of which is surveillance 
but  extends  across  market  abuse  online  training,  digital  on  boarding  (Know  Your  Customer)  as  well  as 
regulatory  reporting,  enhanced  individual  due  diligence  and  senior  management  regime.    Our  Compliance 
offering  includes  many  partner  products  which  expand  what  we  can  do  for  customers  and  leverages  the 
partners investment in offerings as well as subject matter expertise.  

We launched our People and Culture Risk offering in February 2021 in conjunction with Kintail Consulting as 
part  of  our  Operations  offering.    This  will  leverage  the  Risk  Cockpit  functionality  and  online  training 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

partnerships and specifically addresses one of the industries key risk areas as identified by the Regulators - 
people and culture. 

How we sell 

We  have  a  clear  focus  for  increasing  sales,  starting  with  expanding  sales  to  current  customers  and  then 
targeting people we know and who are within our addressable market.  We are increasing our online marketing 
presence  as  we  are  no  longer  able  to  attend  physical  industry  conferences  due  to  the  pandemic.    We 
specifically target a range of buying points within a customer organisation so that we can benefit from the 
master services agreement we have and internal cross referencing about the positive KRM22 experience. 

Strategy 

Our strategy consists of six core pillars that ensure we build a successful company. 

‘Foundation of the business’   

‘Driving growth’  

Technology as a service  

Organic growth 

Business automation   

Team effectiveness  

Technology as a service 

Acquisitions  

Partnerships  

At the heart of our philosophy is the concept of reducing the cost and complexity of risk management for 
customers through technology delivered on an open platform, while driving increased business margins for 
investors. 

Organic growth 

Organic growth is the central tenant of our business approach.  In 2020 we secured £0.8m of new business 
however this organic growth was offset by an unprecedented level of existing customer churn in the year.  We 
have implemented  a sophisticated  customer  relationship management system  that provides  visibility  and 
allows us to manage and track sales activities through completion of sales opportunities.  We have a very 
strong pipeline of prospects across Enterprise, Market, Compliance and Operations risk. 

Business automation 

We have implemented extensive business automation to ensure we have a scalable operational foundation 
covering customer acquisition, service delivery and through to financial control and administration.  This will 
ensure that as we increase margin, we will also improve the bottom line performance.   

Acquisitions and commercial partnerships 

We have been clear from the start of KRM22 that we build, acquire and partner to bring products to the Global 
Risk  Platform  and  therefore  to  our  customers  and  prospects.    We  have  established  partnerships  to 
complement our existing portfolio across Market, Compliance and Operations risk.  We had to hold back on 
acquisitions and further partnerships in 2020 but we look to reignite these initiatives in 2021. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Team effectiveness 

The investment in the team we have recruited and acquired is at the heart of our business.  Team members 
know their roles and that KRM22 operates under the philosophy that business is a team game.  The Board 
and I would like to thank the team for their commitment and work during a difficult year. 

We are fully committed to our stakeholders including the communities in which we work.  The Executive team 
and Board will take further action to establish a more comprehensive Environmental, Social and Governance 
(“ESG”) programme in 2021. 

Outlook  

After a challenging 2020, we have entered the new financial year stronger than last year.  A higher quality of 
customers  that  can  grow  with  us  and  an  extensive  sale  opportunities  and  prospects  list,  together  with 
vaccines  helping  to  bring  the  pandemic  under  control,  we  are  confident  of  continuing  our  growth  and 
delivering market expectations. 

Keith Todd CBE 

Executive Chairman and CEO 

15 March 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report 

 
 
 
 
 
7 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

THE GLOBAL RISK PLATFORM 

All the risk applications of a customer in one place  

The KRM22 Global Risk Platform brings all client’s risk applications together to help them manage their entire 
risk profile across the five domains in a single place. 

Customers can log in to all applications with one click and with integration can share and avoid duplication of 
data. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

OUR PRODUCTS 

Enterprise Risk Cockpit 

The Risk Cockpit improves your team’s process efficiency and 
accuracy by capturing all risk management data in a single place for 
automated analysis.  

Your senior management and risk teams can: 

•  Eliminate the need for cumbersome spreadsheets 
•  Automate processes and workflows 
•  Define and embed accountabilities within the firm 
• 

Increase your ability to capture and analyse operational 
losses 

•  Create a common risk management language and approach 
•  Deliver enterprise risk analysis and reporting 

Regulatory Navigator 

The Regulatory Navigator brings out-the-box regulatory functionality 
covering Market Abuse, SM&CR and Financial Crime.  Address your 
overall regulatory risk and compliance position through real-time, 
meaningful management information, sourced from the entire 
regulatory application suite. 

Your senior management and risk and compliance teams can: 
•  Eliminate the need for cumbersome spreadsheets  
•  Automate key regulatory processes and monitoring 

workflows 

•  Embed regulatory industry best practice within the firm 
• 
Increase your ability to monitor and manage regulatory 
breaches 

•  Benchmark versus continuously evolving industry best 

practice 

•  Deliver a culture of individual accountability and transparency 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Market Surveillance 

Market surveillance provides insightful analytics and contextual 
market surveillance to help capital markets firms identify and 
manage the potential risks of market abuse, fraud and operational 
breaches. 

Your risk and control team can: 

• 
Initiate their daily workflow through alerts 
• 
Identify the appropriate actions to manage alerts 
•  Configure and analyse alert scenarios in real-time 
•  Develop case management workflows 
• 
Investigate the risk profile of your firm 
•  Provide business intelligence by exploring the underlying data 

Individual Accountability Regime 

The Individual Accountability Regime allows financial institutions to 
manage accountability throughout the firm, and comply with SMCR 
and conduct rules, through governance tools and frameworks that 
evolve as regulation and the business change. 

Your compliance and HR teams can: 

•  Save time by automating IAR workflows  
• 
Increase visibility of responsibilities  
•  Understand certification position of individuals 
•  Trace workflows through time-stamped audit trails  
•  Drive culture and accountabilities 
•  Automate SMCR breach reporting 

Client Onboarding 

Digital client onboarding provides capital market firms with the tools 
to make client onboarding as seamless as possible whilst allowing 
them to fulfil their regulatory obligations. 

Your credit and compliance teams can: 

•  Execute KYC and AML checks on new and existing clients  
•  Understand deep detail about clients through enhanced 

checks 

•  Classify clients and investors to make risk-based decisions 
•  Check audit controls through supporting documentation 

storage 

•  Ensure approval with declarations, terms and e-signatures  
•  Validate the data provided in real-time to make rapid choices 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Regulatory Reporting 

Regulatory Reporting enables capital market firms to comply with its 
regulatory reporting obligations across multiple jurisdictions 
including EMIR, REMIT, FinfraG, MifIR, MiFIDII and SFTR. 

Your operational teams can: 

•  Comply with complex reporting obligations including 

reconciling data with trade repositories 

•  Validate data in seconds in order to take timely corrective 

action 

•  Control remove the need to delegate providing you full 

control 

•  Straight-through-processing with an end to end solution with 

TR’s 

•  Monitor all reporting processes using intuitive dashboards 
•  Check audit controls and logs over every process 

Enhanced Due Diligence 

Enhanced Due Diligence enables firms to better understand online 
reputational risks and evidence compliance, supporting the 
mandatory due diligence requirements of a person’s honesty and 
integrity as part of the Fit and Proper assessment.  

Your compliance and HR teams can: 

•  Access data not visible to traditional web searches 
•  Eliminate false positives in due diligence 
•  Understand online reputational risks 
•  Confirm employee suitability 
•  Leverage AI techniques not bound by any single natural 

language 

•  Remove bias from regulatory decisions 

Regulatory Training 

Regulatory training helps regulated firms address their mandatory 
training requirements by ensuring individuals understand the 
fundamentals of Market Abuse, Financial Crime and SM&CR.  

Your regulated employees and managers can: 

•  Facilitate the prevention and detection of misconduct 

through a framework for training 

•  Undertake simple interactive training delivered through on-

demand videos and handbooks 

•  Learn at their own pace with 24/7 access 
•  Understand key regulatory compliance obligations 
•  Access examination certificates to provide training evidence 
•  Track their completed and passed courses 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Post-Trade Risk - Stress 

Post-Trade Stress scales the type and amount of risk calculations 
performed against multiple set of limits and risk slides, offering a 
unique “max risk calculation” for risk managers.  

Your firm can:  

•  React to extreme volatility through intraday P&L 
•  Analyse multiple market stress scenarios in real-time 
•  Understand your exposure with multi-level margin 

requirements 

•  Define single and multi-dimensional limit alerts 
•  Drill down into underlying alert conditions 
•  Establish an audit trail by commenting on alerts and 

notifications 

Post-Trade Risk - VaR 

Post-Trade VaR provides the unique view of multiple VaR 
calculations across a single account, product or the whole portfolio 
in a single place.  

Your risk and credit managers can: 

•  Manage multiple asset classes and portfolios 
•  Understand the components of a VaR calculation 
•  Establish portfolio positions for the VaR calculation 
• 
•  Assign probabilities to possible risk factor values 
•  Create pricing functions for positions 
•  View three VaR models - Historic, Parametric and Monte 

Identify the risk factors affecting valuation of positions 

Carlo 

At-Trade Risk 

At-Trade Risk provides P&L and Exchange Margin for clearing 
houses, clearing members, traders, brokers and other financial 
institutions that make decisions based on the management of risk. 
Your risk and credit managers can: 

•  Understand your true exposure at all times 
•  React to extreme volatility across the book 
•  Receive automatic alerts of limit violations 
•  Access a centralised source of market and trade information 
•  Obtain real-time data directly from Exchanges 
•  Monitor your firms margin requirements and P&L 

information  

•  Generate multiple and flexible stress scenarios 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Pre-Trade Risk  

Pre-Trade Risk helps combat time consuming and error prone 
processes by maintaining pre-trade limits in one centralised 
application.  

Your risk and credit managers can: 

•  Reduce errors and manual input of limits 
•  View alerts of unauthorised limit changes made in the 

trading venues 

•  Support multiple trading venues with ease 
•  Access all ISVs and proprietary trading systems in one place 
•  Create integrated reports with centralised monitoring 
•  Audit all events from one central place 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

The Board considers the risks set out below to be the principal risks to KRM22.  The Board continually reviews 
the risks facing KRM22, including the use of the Risk Cockpit to help monitor and manage these risks, and 
ensures appropriate steps are taken to mitigate them.  If more than one event occurs, it is possible that the 
overall effect of such events would compound the possible adverse effects on KRM22.  The Board recognises 
that the nature and scope of risks can change and there may be other risks to which KRM22 is exposed so the 
list is not intended to be exhaustive.   

Potential impact 

Mitigating actions 

Risk and 
uncertainty 

COVID-19 

Customer 
retention 

New contract 
signings 

The spread of coronavirus and resulting COVID-
19 global pandemic caused economic growth to 
slow abruptly in 2020 with repercussions around 
the world.  Coronavirus and the related risks and 
uncertainties continue to evolve and there is no 
way  of  predicting  with  certainty  the  extent  to 
which it will impact stakeholders of the business.  
impacted  customer 
In  2020  the  pandemic 
retention,  delays 
in  new  contract  signings, 
liquidity  of  customers  and  staff  retention.    The 
potential impacts are detailed further under the 
separate risk and uncertainty components. 

Given  KRM22’s  strategic  focus  on  Annualised 
retention  of  key 
the 
Recurring  Revenue, 
customers  is  critical  to  the  maintenance  of 
revenue  streams.    The  loss  of  key  customers 
could adversely impact business results. 

Delays  in  new  customer  contract  signings  will 
impact business results and the cash position of 
KRM22.  Investors are expecting KRM22 to sign 
new  customer  contracts  and  increase  ARR  and 
any  delays 
impact  shareholder 
confidence. 

in  this  will 

Foreign exchange 

KRM22  operates  internationally  and  is  therefore 
exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. 

The mitigating actions associated with COVID-19 related 
risks  and  uncertainties  are  included  in  further  detail 
under each risk and uncertainty component listed below. 

Every  client  has  an  account  manager  who  regularly 
the  customer  and  who  ensures 
speaks  with 
requirements are met. 

KRM22  also  has  a  centralised  customer  support  team 
with  defined  service  levels  to  ensure  quality  product 
service to the customer. 

All  sales  opportunities  are  assigned  a  business 
development manager who updates the executive team 
on a regular basis.   

The CFO maintains detailed cash forecasts that include 
sensitivity  analysis  applied  to  new  sales  opportunities 
including  delayed  sales,  reduced  recurring  and  non-
recurring  revenue  values  and  no  future  sales  growth.  
These  are  reviewed  and  discussed  on  a  regular  basis 
between the CFO and CEO so that they can manage the 
cost base and cashflow accordingly.  The forecasts are 
also discussed at the monthly board meetings. 

KRM22 relies on a partial natural hedge of GBP, EUR and 
USD  costs  and  revenue  being  in  the  same  currencies.  
KRM22 also continuously monitors its foreign exchange 
exposure 
forward  currency 
transactions are necessary. 

to  assess  whether 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14 

Risk and 
uncertainty 

Liquidity of 
customers 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Potential impact 

Mitigating actions 

KRM22  has  a  global  customer  base  with  these 
customers being stakeholders in their own supply 
chain.  Our customer’s liquidity will be dependent 
on a number of factors including the ability of their 
own  customers  to  pay  sales 
invoices,  their 
suppliers providing services that support their own 
revenue and the availability of staff to perform the 
work that drives their revenue and liquidity of the 
business.  The actions of these stakeholders will 
impact our customers liquidity and their ability to 
pay our sales invoices. 

KRM22 has a centralised finance function with accounts 
receivable  balances  reviewed  on  a  regular  basis  with 
account managers and executives of the Company.  The 
use  of  automated  centralised  systems  allows  AR 
balances to be updated daily and, should an AR balance 
become  overdue,  appropriate  action  can  be  taken  to 
resolve  payment  of  any  outstanding  amounts.  
Sensitivity  analysis  is  included  on  AR  payments  when 
preparing cash forecasts. 

Compliance with 
laws and 
regulations 

KRM22’s business is the sale of software that will 
facilitate compliance with financial services laws 
and  regulations.    A  failure  by  KRM22  to  comply 
with  laws  and  regulations  in  its  own  business 
could  lead  to  fines  and  revocation  of  business 
licences, as well as significant reputational loss. 

KRM22  employs  fully  qualified  finance  professionals 
and  external  professional  advisors,  including  legal  and 
tax, to ensure all relevant legal and regulatory codes are 
fully complied with. 

Staff recruitment 
and retention 

KRM22 is reliant on the skills and knowledge of 
its people in a wide range of areas but especially 
in  executive  management  and  software 
development. 

to  recruit, 

Failure 
retain  and  motivate  an 
appropriate number of  suitably  qualified  people 
in  critical  areas  could  lead  to  a  deterioration  in 
the  quality  of  our  products  and  services.    This 
could 
its 
customers’  needs  resulting 
loss  of 
business  and  a  failure  to  deliver  expected 
financial returns. 

lead  to  KRM22  failing  to  meet 

in  the 

Debt facility 

The  Convertible  Loan  with  Kestrel  Partners 
to  adhere  with  various 
requires  KRM22 
obligations  including  compliance  with  financial 
covenants and the provision of forward looking 
compliance information, payment of interest by 
due  dates  and  the  reporting  of  management 
information within agreed timeframes.  Failure to 
comply with a financial covenant will result in an 
Event  of  Default  which  may  result  in  Kestrel 
Partners withdrawing the Convertible Loan with 
all amounts accrued becoming immediately due 
and  payable  which  KRM22  would  be  unable  to 
settle.  

reviews  KRM22’s 
The  Remuneration  Committee 
compensation  policies  to  ensure  KRM22  continues  to 
attract,  motivate  and  retain  qualified  personnel.    All 
employees  are  offered  share  options  in  KRM22  so  that 
they  have  a  vested  interest  in  the  long-term  success  of 
KRM22. 

KRM22 is committed to the retention of staff by adopting 
a friendly and flexible working environment and offering a 
broad range of staff benefits. 

There  is  regular  staff  engagement  and  communication 
including  formal  bi-weekly  internal  company  meetings 
where  the  Executive  team  update  all  staff  on  business 
wide  issues  and  encourage  team  participation.    In 
addition,  formal  staff  appraisals  are  completed  three 
times  a  year  for  employees  and  their  managers  to  give 
direct  feedback  and  to  understand  staff  morale,  flight 
risks and any gap in skills or qualifications.  The output of 
each  appraisal  is  discussed  by  the  Executive  Directors 
with any remedial action plans implemented accordingly.  

The  risk  of  failing  to  adhere  with  financial  covenants  is 
mitigated  by  growth  in  ARR  generated  through  new 
customer agreements, management of the cost base and 
ensuring  that  regular  forecasts  are  maintained  that 
include  sensitivity  analysis  applied 
to  new  sales 
opportunities.    Forecasts,  with  specific  reference  to  the 
financial  covenants  are  also  reviewed  and  discussed  at 
each board meeting. 

There are defined reporting obligations that KRM22 has to 
Kestrel  Partners  and  this  includes  a  process  to  engage 
together in advance of any forecasted issues and risks.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15 

Risk and 
uncertainty 

Investor attitude 
and confidence 

Information 
security 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Potential impact 

Mitigating actions 

Investors  lose  faith  in  KRM22  and  the  ability  to 
grow  the  business  at  a  rate  that  provides  them 
with a suitable return on investment. 

The  CEO  and  CFO  meet  institutional  shareholders,  fund 
managers and analysts at least twice a year to understand 
how the strategy and the Board’s decisions impact on and 
are received by investors.  In  addition, the CEO and CFO 
maintain  regular  contact  with  finnCap,  as  Broker  and 
NOMAD,  who  keep  in  regular  contact  with  our  investor 
base. 

To  be  a  credible  and  competitive  Software-as-a-
Service 
stores, 
(SaaS)  organisation  who 
processes  or  transmits  critical  information,  well 
defined  controls  and  procedures  are  required  to 
be defined and adhered to.  Without these controls 
and procedures, unauthorised access and theft of 
customer  and  Company  data  could  materialise 
and be extremely damaging to the Company, both 
financially and reputationally. 

and 

policies 

security 

SOC 2 requires organisations to establish and follow strict 
information 
procedures, 
encompassing 
the  security,  availability,  processing, 
integrity  and  confidentiality  of  customer  data.    After  a 
successful audit phase, the Company has obtained SOC 2 
Type 1 accreditation.  In addition to mitigating information 
security risks, SOC 2 accreditation will also provide KRM22 
with  an  edge  over  competitors  who  cannot  show 
compliance 

Impact of 
Brexit 

The  United  Kingdom  (“UK”)  formally  left  the 
European Union (“EU”) on 31 January 2020. 

The Directors deem that the effects of the UK leaving the 
EU  has  not  had  a  significant 
impact  on  KRM22’s 
operations and the Directors, together with management, 
are constantly monitoring the situation. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

SECTION 172 STATEMENT 

Under  section  172(1) of  the  Companies  Act  2006,  the  Directors of  a  company  have  a  duty  to  promote  the 
success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole, and in doing so have regard (amongst other 
matters) to: 

a)  The likely consequences of any decision in the long-term; 
b)  The interests of the company’s employees; 
c)  The need to foster the company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others; 
d)  The impact of the company’s operations on the community and environment; 
e)  The desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 
f)  The need to act fairly as between members of the company. 

During the year ended 31 December 2020, the key decisions considered by the board were fundraising, cost 
control and cash management, all of which were set against the backdrop of the COVID-19 global pandemic. 

The  key  stakeholders  considered  as  part  of  the  decision-making  process  were  KRM22’s  shareholders, 
customers, employees and providers of the Group’s debt facilities in the year. 

COVID-19 

In response to the impact of COVID-19, the business transitioned to home and flexible working, recognising 
that employees had to adapt to new ways of working with the additional personal pressures of home schooling 
and childcare.  In addition, COVID-19, and the global economic uncertainty that ensued, extended the sales 
cycle and time taken to close new sales.  The closing of floor trading at the CME precipitated an unprecedented 
level of churn with our trader customers as traders withdrew from trading while the trading pits were closed or 
suspended.  This created additional pressure on the Company’s cash position. 

The Directors responded to this by implementing a range of cost control and cash management measures, 
completed a equity fundraise of £1.3m and replaced the existing £10.0m Harbert Debt Facility, of which an 
initial £1.0m was drawn down in 2019, with a new £3.0m Convertible Loan provided by Kestrel Partners. 

Cost control and cash management 

In March and April 2020, the Board considered a range of cost saving measures including short-term measures 
through  salary  sacrifices  in  exchange  for  the  grant  of  share  options  and  long-term  measures  by  reducing 
headcount  through  employee  redundancies.    The  Board  considered  how  the  proposal  would  impact  the 
affected stakeholders in terms of: 

•  Team motivation, as a result of staff taking temporary salary sacrifices; 
•  Team morale, as a result of staff redundancies; 
•  The  reduction  of  headcount  and  the  impact  on  customer  deliverables  and  development  of  core 

products which would help drive the Company’s ARR; and  

Having  considered  the  impact  on  the  affected  stakeholders,  the  Board  were  of  the  opinion  that  this  was 
necessary to ensure the long-term success of KRM22 and approved the cost management measures.  There 
is natural stakeholder conflict as employees want job security and to be remunerated accordingly whilst the 
shareholders want a return from their investment and for KRM22 to be profitable.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The Executive Directors engaged with employees through a consultation process and kept employees regularly 
updated with anticipated timeframe for reinstatement of full salaries.  KRM22 undertakes staff appraisals each 
semester and used this form of stakeholder engagement to understand employee morale in response to the 
temporary salary sacrifice.  Having completed the assessment in the summer of 2020, the Directors made a 
decision to reinstate full salaries for those employees who accepted a 10% salary sacrifice from October 2020 
with all other employee salaries being reinstated to full salary from January 2021. 

As  part  of  the  cost  saving  measures  to  reduce  headcount,  a  formal  redundancy  consultation  process  was 
followed  in  line  with  the  relevant  laws  and  regulations  applicable  to  each  geographical  location  where 
redundancies were implemented.  

The final decision made to reduce headcount promotes the short-term and long-term interest of KRM22 as it 
allowed cost savings of approximately £0.7m to be made which improved cashflow, thus ensuring that the 
Company  remained  solvent  and  it  will  help  improve  profitability  in  the  long-term  and  ensure  that  KRM22 
continues as a going concern.   

Fundraising 

In response to extended sales cycles, the Executive Directors, together with finnCap as broker, engaged with 
KRM22’s existing shareholders and potential new investors in May 2020 to raise £1.3m of equity funding to 
provide working capital to support the business.   

On  15  September  2020,  KRM22  replaced  its  existing  £10.0m  Harbert  Debt  Facility  with  a  new  £3.0m 
Convertible Loan Facility provided by Kestrel Partners.  The interest rate on the Convertible Loan is 9.5% per 
annum, which is less than the interest rate of 11% per annum on the Harbert Debt Facility. 

Repayment of the Harbert Debt Facility incurred an early repayment charge of 5% and the Convertible Loan 
Facility included an arrangement fee of 2%, both of which impacted KRM22’s profitability.  Whilst the short-
term impact of additional costs affects the Company’s profitability, there is no requirement for KRM22 to make 
capital repayments which improves cashflow and provides stability during times of economic certainty, thus 
helping to provide confidence and stability for all KRM22 stakeholders. 

In  addition,  Kestrel  Partners,  including  individual  holdings,  have  a  20%  shareholding  in  the  Company  which 
means that the long-term goals of our debt provider and shareholders are aligned. 

None of the key decisions considered by the Board in 2020 had an environmental impact and the Directors are 
satisfied  that  decisions  made  by  the  Board  promote  the  long-term  interest  of  KRM22  for  the  benefit  of  its 
members as a whole. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

Despite the challenging trading conditions in the year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, total revenue recognised 
for  the  year  was  £4.6m, an  increase  of  11%  on  2019  and  adjusted  EBITDA  loss  for  the  year  was £0.2m,  a 
significant reduction on 2019 when the Company reported an adjusted EBITDA loss of £3.1m.  The reduction 
in  adjusted  EBITDA loss was  a  result  of the  continued tight  control  of the  cost  base,  the  full  year effect of 
company reorganisations completed in 2019, together with a further reorganisation in 2020, and short-term 
cost savings through temporary salary sacrifices accepted by all staff in 2020. 

Scope of financial results 

This  financial  review  focuses  on  the  twelve  month  period  ending  31  December  2020,  whilst  the  prior  year 
comparatives include the seven months of revenue and costs for the Object+ group of companies from the 
date of acquisition on 30 May 2019 and full year revenue and costs for all other KRM22 group companies. 

Profit and Loss 

Total revenue 

Revenue recognised for the year to 31 December 2020 was £4.6m (2019: £4.1m), an increase of 11% compared 
with the prior year, with 91% (2019: 91%) of total revenue generated from recurring customer contracts.  Non-
recurring revenue the year ended 31 December 2020 totalled £0.4m (2019: £0.3m) and related principally to 
customer implementations and proof of concept work. 

Recurring revenue 

A key revenue metric for KRM22 is ARR (Annualised Recurring Revenue) and as at 31 December 2020, ARR 
was £4.1m at the year end FX rate or £4.3m at the FY20 average FX rate.  KRM22 signed new contracted ARR 
in 2020 of £0.8m (2019: £0.7m) with £0.1m generated from Enterprise Risk products, £0.5m from Market Risk 
products and £0.2m from Compliance Risk products.  The increase in ARR was offset by an increased level of 
churn and also impacted by the increased strengthening of Sterling against the US dollar.   

Gross profit 

Gross profit for the year to 31 December 2020 was £4.2m (2019: £3.7m) and the consistent gross profit margin 
of 90% continues to demonstrate the operating leverage of the business and indicates how the cost base can 
be covered efficiently as new recurring revenue contracts are signed. 

Capitalised research and development 

A total of £1.0m (2019: £1.5m) of research and development was capitalised in the year to 31 December 2020.  
Capitalised research and development is amortised over three years. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 

Impairment 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

In  the  year  ended  31  December  2020,  impairment  costs  of  £2.7m  were  recognised  in  connection  with  the 
recoverability of goodwill associated with the acquisition of  KRM22 Market Surveillance, KRM22 ProOpticus 
and  Object+  and  impairment  on  account  of  trademarks  at  £0.3m.    The  impairment  reflects  the  uncertain 
economic conditions in 2020 and in year revenue growth which was less than initial forecasts.  The impairment 
does not reflect a change in the overall Group’s strategic outlook. 

Reorganisation costs 

In response to delays in new customer contract signatures and general economic uncertainty as a result of 
COVID-19, a total or 8 FTE roles were made redundant and our Spanish operations were closed.  As a result of 
the staff redundancies made in the year, a total of £0.4m (2019: £0.5m) of company reorganisation costs has 
been recognised in the year ended 31 December 2020. 

Extinguishment of debt 

On  16  April  2020,  the  Group  acquired  the  remaining  40%  minority  interest  in  KRM22  Market  Surveillance 
Limited (“KRM22 Market Surveillance”) from Cinnober Financial Technology AB (“Cinnober”).  Under the terms 
of the transaction, a total of £2.9m in debt due to KRM22 and Cinnober (together the “Parent Companies”) 
together with £0.3m of other liabilities due to the Parent Companies was converted into ordinary shares in 
KRM22  Market  Surveillance  immediately  prior  to  KRM22  consolidating  its  ownership  of  KRM22  Market 
Surveillance.   

On completion of the debt to equity conversion in KRM22 Market Surveillance, KRM22 immediately acquired 
the remaining 40% stake in KRM22 Market Surveillance for a total consideration of £0.6m payable to Cinnober 
by way of a convertible loan note (CLN) provided by KRM22 to Cinnober.  The CLN was for a one-year term and 
could be satisfied by either the allotment and issue of ordinary shares by no later than 31 July 2020 or settled 
by  cash  at  any  point  in  the  CLN  term,  at  the  Company’s  sole  discretion.    On  28  June  2020,  the  CLN  was 
converted  into  1,454,434  new  ordinary  shares  at  38.4p  per  share  in  the  Company  and  therefore  no  cash 
consideration was paid as part of the acquisition.  The settlement of £1.3m of debt due to Cinnober, through 
the issue of the CLN, resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of £0.7m which has been recognised in the 
consolidated income statement for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Adjusted EBITDA is the key metric that the Company considers in order to understand the cash-profitability of 
the business.  This is due in particular to the non-cash items that impact the Income Statement under IFRS 
accounting, such as non-cash share-based costs. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Adjusted EBITDA for the year to 31 December 2020 was a £0.2m loss (2019: loss of £3.1m) and was in line 
market forecasts and a significant reduction on prior year.  The reduction in Adjusted EBITDA loss was driven 
by  new  sales,  tight  management  of  the  underlying  cost  base  of  the  business,  the  full  year  impact  of  cost 
savings  plans  and  company  reorganisations  implemented  in  2019,  a  further  company  reorganisation 
implemented in June 2020 and reduced salaries paid in the year due to the voluntary temporary salary sacrifice 
scheme.  A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA loss to the reported operating loss is provided as follows: 

Adjusted EBITDA loss  
Depreciation and amortisation 
Unrealised FX losses  
Impairment of intangible assets 
Contingent consideration write back 
Acquisition and debt expenses 
Gain on extinguishment of debt (net) 
Group restructuring costs 
Deferred salary bonus accrual write back 
Share-based payment expense 
Operating loss 

Finance charges 

2020 
£’m 
(0.2) 
(1.7) 
(0.2) 
(3.0) 
0.3 
(0.4) 
0.7 
(0.4) 
0.4 
(0.9) 
(5.4) 

2019 
£’m 
(3.1) 
(1.3) 
– 
(2.3) 
1.5 
(0.4) 
– 
(0.5) 
– 
(1.0) 
(7.1) 

Net finance expense in the year was £0.3m (2019: £0.2m) and includes: 

• 

• 
• 

Interest paid of £0.1m (2019: £0.1m), inclusive of early repayment charges of 5%, on the Harbert debt 
facility; 
Interest accrued/paid on the Kestrel Convertible Loan Facility of £0.1m; and 
IFRS16 lease liability interest of £0.1m (2019: £0.1m). 

Taxation 

The tax credit in the year was £0.2m (2019: credit of £0.8m) which includes £0.1m (2019: £0.6m) R&D tax 
credit received.   

Reported operating loss 

Reported operating loss for the year to 31 December 2020 was £5.5m (2019: loss of £6.5m).   

Financial position 

Assets 

The cash balance as at 31 December 2020 was £2.0m (2019: £1.1m). 

Current assets at 31 December 2020 include trade and other receivables of £1.4m (2019: £1.4m).   

Non-current assets were £9.2m (2019: £13.1m) relating principally to: £6.7m for goodwill and assets acquired 
(2019:  £10.4m),  £1.0m  for  right  of  use  assets  recognised  under  IFRS16  (2019:  £1.6m)  and  £1.3m  (2019: 
£0.8m) for capitalised development costs. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21 

Liabilities 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

As at 31 December 2020, our principal liabilities were: 

•  £3.0m Convertible Loan owed to Kestrel Partners LLP.  The interest rate payable on the loan is 9.5% 
payable  in  cash  quarterly  in  arears.    The  loan  can  be  converted  into  new  Ordinary  Shares  in  the 
Company at any time at a conversion price of 38p and the conversion can be requested by Kestrel 
Partners at any time.  The Company has the right to request conversion eighteen months following the 
date of the agreement, subject to certain conditions regarding the Company's share price at that time.  
•  £0.8m (US$1.1m) discounted contingent consideration (£1.1m (US$1.6m) undiscounted) for earn out 
payments for the acquisition of Object+.  The contingent consideration can be satisfied in either cash 
or  Company  or  ordinary  shares  at  the  Company’s  discretion.    The  undiscounted  contingent 
consideration of US$1.6m was reduced by US$0.5m, reflecting re-appraisal of expected cash outflows 
given  probable  conditions  at  the  balance  sheet  date  and  this  adjustment  has  been  included  in  the 
discounted liability of £0.8m recognised at the statement of financial position date. 

•  £1.0m for the right of use of assets relating to all future payments of leased-office rentals under IFRS16 
‘Leases’  whereby  such  lease  payments  are  provided  for  at  today’s  value.    In  practice,  these  rental 
payments will be spread over the next few years.  As a result, £0.5m of the related liability is shown in 
current liabilities as it relates to lease payments that will be paid in 2021, with the balance for periods 
greater than one year. 

•  £1.5m of deferred revenue; contracted and paid services that will be released in a future period. 

As a result of acquiring the remaining 40% shareholding in KRM22 Market Surveillance, by way of a Convertible 
Loan Note (“CLN”) and the subsequent conversion of the CLN into ordinary shares in the Company, a total of 
£1.3m in debt was removed from the statement of financial position in the year ended 31 December 2020.   

Investors 

As an AIM-listed business, a large proportion of KRM22’s shareholders are professional investment funds.  In 
addition, the Directors together owned 3,701,389 shares at the year end. 

Funding 

On  13  May  2020,  the  Company  raised  £1.3m  gross  proceeds  in  equity  funding  through  a subscription  and 
placement of 4,266,664 new shares at 30 pence per share.   

On 15 September 2020, KRM22 entered into an agreement for a new three year £3.0m convertible loan facility 
(the “Convertible Loan”) with Kestrel Partners LLP (“Kestrel”), the Company’s largest shareholder following the 
fundraise  completed  on  13  May  2020.    The  proceeds  of  the  Convertible  Loan  were  used  to  replace  the 
Company’s  existing  debt  facility  (the  “Debt  Facility”)  provided  Harbert  European  Growth  Capital  Fund  II 
(“Harbert”).  The outstanding balance of the Debt Facility, inclusive of loan principal, accrued interest and early 
repayment charges of 5%, was £0.8m.   

In conjunction with the Debt Facility, the Company issued warrants over 495,049 new ordinary shares in the 
Company to Harbert with an exercise price of £1.01 per ordinary share.  Whilst the balance of the Debt Facility 
was settled, the warrants remain in place and are exercisable by Harbert until 29 April 2029. 

The interest rate payable on the Convertible Loan is 9.5% per annum, which compares favourably to the 11% 
per annum interest rate on the Harbert Debt Facility, and is paid quarterly in arrears.  Kestrel can convert the 
Convertible  Loan  into  new  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  at  any  time  at  a  conversion  price  of  38p.    The 
Company has the right to request conversion 18 months following the date of the agreement, subject to certain 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

conditions regarding the Company's share price at that time.  Kestrel has the right to prevent any conversion 
which would trigger a Rule 9 event under the Takeover Code. 

The  Convertible  Loan  is  secured  on  certain  KRM22  assets  and  includes  covenants  based  on  the  Group’s 
financial performance, based on ARR, solvency and profitability. 

COVID-19 reinforced the principle that companies need access to greater to liquidity to address uncertainties, 
extended sales cycles and provide potential customers with confidence in the financial strength of the Group.  
In addition, the Convertible Loan strengthened the financial position of the Company and provides access to 
working capital and growth capital. 

Use of cash in the year 

Our net cash inflow in the year was £0.9m, which included the £3.0m Kestrel Convertible Loan receipt, of which 
£1.0m was used for capitalised research and development, £0.9m was used to settle the Harbert Debt Facility 
and the balance was used to provide working capital for KRM22. 

Going concern 

As noted in our Chairman’s report, COVID-19 has impacted the Group.  It is not yet clear when global economic 
activity will return to normal, therefore we must prepare the business for varying levels of performance.  To 
that end, we have modelled the effects of differing levels of sales decline along with the measures we can take 
to ensure that the Group remains within its available working capital, and we have prepared cash flow forecasts 
for a period in excess of twelve months. 

The Directors have no reason to believe that customer revenue and receipts will decline to the point that the 
Group no longer has sufficient resources to fund its operations.  However, in the unlikely event that this should 
occur, the Group will have to manage its working capital positions, as well as making significant reductions in 
its fixed cost expenses.  Further, analysis of KRM22’s going concern position is detailed in the Directors report 
on pages 43 - 44. 

Shareholdings and Earnings per share 

As at 31 December 2020, KRM22 had 26,719,127 shares in issue.  The undiluted weighted average number of 
shares for the period to 31 December 2020 was 24,414,093.  The difference in the two numbers results from 
the  timing of  shares  issued  for  the  equity  fundraise  completed on  13 May  2020  and  the  conversion of  the 
Cinnober Convertible Loan Note on 28 June 2020. 

The resulting Earning per Share (“EPS”) is a 24.1p loss per share (2019: loss of 30.4p) on a weighted average 
number of shares basis (equivalent to 24,414,093 on the shares in issue at year end).  Due to the loss made, 
diluted EPS is the same as EPS. 

Dividend 

We aim to deliver capital growth for shareholders to generate an attractive total return.   However we do not 
recommend a dividend for the year, but may choose to do so in future years. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 

Conclusion 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Whilst 2020 has been challenging in terms of time taken to convert the sales pipeline and increased customer 
churn,  adjusted  EBITDA  loss  has  reduced  to  £0.2m  from  £3.1m  in  2019  and  total  recognised  revenue  has 
increased to £4.6m from £4.1m in 2019.  The Kestrel Convertible Loan has helped strengthen the financial 
position of KRM22 and this, together with the sales pipeline opportunities, means that KRM22 is well placed 
for growth in 2021. 

Approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by: 

Kim Suter 

CFO 

15 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance 

Corporate Governance 

 
 
 
 
 
 
25 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

Keith Todd CBE 
CEO and Chairman 

Keith has 40 years of global technology business experience from publicly listed and large multi-nationals to 
start-up businesses. 

As well as being Executive Chairman and CEO of the Company, he is currently Non-Executive Chairman of 
Blighter Surveillance, a private Radar business and a board Advisor to Horizon Software.  

From 2002 to March 2017 he served as Executive Chairman of Aim listed FFastFill plc, provider of SaaS to the 
global derivatives community and from 2013 to March 2017 Chairman of Ion Agency Trading. 

He was Non-Executive chairman of AIM-listed Amino Technologies plc, a provider of digital TV entertainment 
and cloud solutions to network operators from 2005 to 2017.  He also served as Non-Executive Chairman of 
UK Broadband Stakeholder Group (a UK Government advisory board), Easynet plc and Chief Executive of ICL 
plc. 

Stephen Casner 
President 

Stephen serves as President of KRM22 with specific responsibility for our North American business operations, 
our market risk products as well as the Company’s mergers and acquisitions.  He has led the acquisition and 
integration of Prime Analytics in Chicago and Object+ in Amsterdam for KRM22.  

Stephen has accumulated over 35 years of experience in the “Fin-Tech” industry.  He has been as a senior 
leader or CEO of 5 different start-ups; of which two are current industry leaders in their respective markets 
(Quantra and HazelTree).  

Kim Suter 
CFO 

Kim has significant experience in building and leading finance functions to support business growth. 

He started his career in practice, covering all aspects of audit, financial reporting and tax for a range of clients, 
providing him with a broad knowledge of how finance functions operate across different business sizes and 
industries.    Kim  has  since  applied  this  knowledge  to  support  structured  growth  at  a  number  of  start-up 
organisations prior to joining KRM22.  Kim joined KRM22 in July 2018 as Head of Finance to set up the finance 
function for the KRM22 group and has served as CFO since July 2019.  Kim is a qualified Chartered Certified 
Accountant. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Sandy Broderick 
Independent Non-Executive Director 

Sandy was previously Non-Executive Director of AIM listed regulatory reporting and collateral risk management 
solutions company, Lombard Risk Management plc, which was acquired by Vermeg Group. 

Prior to Lombard Risk Management he was CEO of DTCC DerivSERV, where he led the roll out of its Global 
Trade Repository in Europe and Asia, as well as holding the CEO position of New York Portfolio Clearing, where 
he oversaw its development and successful sale to ICE. 

During Sandy’s 23 year derivative trading career at Societe Generale and Bank of America, he was at the centre 
of several industry initiatives in clearing and market infrastructure, including development of the LCH Clearnet 
SwapClear system. 

Sandy was Chairman of the OTC Derivnet Board from 2011 to 2012.  Currently Sandy works with a number of 
companies as an expert witness for Regulatory, Trading and Competition issues. 

Garry Jones 
Non-Executive Director 

Garry Jones is currently CEO of Perfect Channel, a leading technology company operating in the marketplace 
and auction technology space - overlaying platform technology with machine learning and artificial intelligence.  
As  well  as  being  a  Non-Executive  Director of  KRM22,  he  is  a  member of  the  Board of  ICBCS,  an emerging 
markets investment bank. 

With many years’ experience in financial services, Garry has been CEO of three of the largest derivatives and 
OTC  exchanges  in  Europe:  BrokerTec,  LIFFE  and  the  LME,  as  well  as  taking  leadership  roles  in  the  parent 
companies of NYSE Euronext and HKEX. 

Garry has contributed to the business change, growth, and globalisation in the exchange world as technology 
has  fundamentally  changed  the  way  that  we  trade,  driving  the  momentum  behind  electronic  trading  and 
increased efficiency in the post trade environment. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Steve Sparke 
Non-Executive Director 

Steve has over 35 years’ experience in Financial Services, trading Interest Rate products for the first 15 years, 
and subsequently in the Exchange Traded Derivatives (“ETD”) and Commodity industry with extensive board-
level experience for global ETD and Commodities organisations.   

Prior to his role as Vice Chairman, leading the Conduct and Culture initiatives of Marex Spectron, Steve spent 
10  years  as  Group  COO,  responsible  for  the  firm’s  operating  environment,  including  IT,  Operations,  Risk, 
Compliance and HR.   

Before joining Marex Spectron, Steve spent 20 years with UBS where he was Managing Director and Global 
Head of Exchange-Traded Derivatives.   

Steve also holds NED positions on the UK Regulated Entities of TP ICAP and was Non-Executive Chairman of 
FIA’s  European  Advisory  Board  until  the  end  of  2019,  where  he  continues  as  a  Board  Advisor.    Steve  was 
previously a NED of NYSE Euronext LIFFE (now ICE Europe) for over 10 years and was a NED at PATS Systems, 
an AIM-listed DMA system provider.  

Steve has a Law degree from Nottingham University. 

Karen Bach 

Non-Executive Director (previously Chief Operating Officer until 30 June 2019, resigned 2 April 2020) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 

In  applying  a  recognised  corporate  governance  code,  the  Directors  have  adopted  the  Quoted  Companies 
Alliance’s (QCA) Corporate Governance Code for small and mid-sized quoted companies (“QCA Code”).  The 
principal means of communicating our application of the Code are detailed in this annual report and on our 
website (www.krm22.com/investor-information/governance). 

The Directors believe that, in addition to being responsible for setting the strategic direction and managing risk 
across the business, they are responsible for good corporate governance, clear shareholder and stakeholder 
communications  and  monitoring  the  effectiveness  of  the  Executive  Directors.    The  Directors  believe  that 
effective  corporate  governance,  appropriate  to  KRM22,  considering  its  size  and  stage  of  development,  will 
assist  in  the  delivery  of  corporate  strategy,  the  generation  of  shareholder  value  and  the  safeguarding  of 
shareholders’ long-term interests. 

This  report  follows the structure of  the  QCA Code  guidelines  and  explains  how  the  Board have  applied the 
guidance as well as the reasons for any departures from the guidance. 

At the centre of KRM22’s philosophy are four groups of stakeholders: 

•  Customers:  Customers  should  enjoy  doing  business  with  KRM22,  receive  value  for  money  and 

understand that KRM22 is aligned with their values. 
Investors: Investors should receive superior returns from KRM22, governed along established lines. 

• 
•  Team: The team should be highly motivated, well rewarded and believe in the Company vision. 
•  Community: The local and global community should see KRM22 as an asset. 

In  adopting  QCA  principles,  the  Directors  have  ensured  alignment  with  the  goals  of  the  Company’s 
stakeholders. 

QCA PRINCIPLES 
Principle 1: Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders 

KRM22 listed on AIM, via an IPO, on 30 April 2018.  As part of this process, the Board determined the long-term 
vision of KRM22 and detailed the steps to achieve that strategy. 

Since  the  IPO,  the  Board  has  refined  the  strategy,  based  on  customer  feedback,  additional  input  from  risk 
management experts from the five KRM22 domains of risk: enterprise, market, compliance, operations and 
technology,  shareholder  feedback,  debt  provider  feedback  and  employee  participation  which  has  led  to  a 
clearer definition of KRM22’s strategy.   

Corporate  status:  KRM22  (KRM:L)  is  a  closed-ended  investment  company  (CEIC)  listed  on  the  AIM  of  the 
London Stock Exchange.  This means that the number of shares in the Company are known and the shares 
are traded on AIM.  KRM22 expects to convert to an operating company when its business develops to fit the 
necessary criteria. 

In adopting Principle 1, KRM22 is assisting investors to obtain superior returns. 

Principle 2: Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The Company’s CEO and CFO meet institutional shareholders, fund managers and analysts at least twice a 
year to understand how the strategy and the Board’s decisions impact on and are received by investors. 

The Annual General Meeting provides an opportunity for all shareholders to meet the Directors and raise any 
questions. 

finnCap act as the Company’s NOMAD and broker. 

Nominated Advisor (NOMAD): NOMADs are approved by the London Stock Exchange and must meet 
eligibility criteria set out in the AIM Rules for NOMADs.  In their role, finnCap advises and guides the 
KRM22 Board on its responsibilities as an AIM listed business and undertakes due diligence and works 
as the primary advisor of the business. 

Broker: finnCap is also the appointed broker of KRM22.  In this role finnCap facilitate communications 
with existing and potential new investors.  The CEO and CFO regularly meet investors together with 
representatives  of  the  broker.    finnCap  also  advise  KRM22  on  shareholder  communications  on  its 
website, all RNS releases (Regulatory News Service – AIM) and will guide communications within the 
Annual Report. 

Investor  queries  can  be  directed  to  KRM22  by  email  to  InvestorRelations@krm22.com.    All  advisor  details, 
including those of KRM22’s NOMAD and Auditors can be found on the last page of this report. 

In adopting Principle 2, KRM22 assures investors that the Company is aligned to their needs, expectations and 
values. 

Principle 3: Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-
term success 

The Board believes that KRM22 should be seen as an asset to its stakeholders, aligned with their values.  This 
is why the Board plans to establish of an Environment, Social and Governance (“ESG”) programme in 2021. 

The ESG programme will be centred around meeting the United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals 
(“SDGs”) (https://sdgs.un.org/goals).  In order to work towards these SDGs, KRM22 will promote a culture of 
transparency and discussion amongst all four stakeholder groups. 

The first phase of the ESG programme is an exercise to benchmark the Company against the SDGs with the 
aim of establishing the areas of focus for the remainder of the programme.  During this benchmarking phase, 
each stakeholder group will be considered and if necessary, consulted to establish alignment with their views 
and values. 

In addition to the ESG programme, KRM22 continually gathers feedback from all stakeholder groups. 

Methods of two-way communication include: 

Investors: see Principle 10 below. 

Customers: Regular meetings with existing and potential customers by the Business Development team in 
Europe via London, North America via New York and Chicago, and Asia via Singapore and Australia. 

Team:  KRM22  communicates  regularly  with  the  cross-country,  multi-national  and  diverse  team  in  multiple 
ways.  Bi-weekly internal company meetings are held where the Executive team update all staff on business-
wide issues and encourage team participation.  In addition, KRM22 uses centralised internal systems including 
team-wide easy-to-use communication tools, formal performance appraisals are completed three times a year, 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

with informal appraisals completed throughout the year, and “all-employee” announcements (for example, on 
acquisitions/investments, new customer contract wins, customer projects and other business-wide news). 

Principle 3 provides the main methodology of meeting KRM22’s ESG goals across all four stakeholder groups. 

Principle 4: Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the 
organisation 

Good  effective  risk  management  is  part  of  KRM22’s  DNA  and  the  Company  has  built  the  Enterprise  Risk 
Cockpit  as  a  product  to  market  and  sell  and  also  use  internally  to  effectively  manage  risk  throughout  the 
Company.  Therefore, risk management is embedded in the culture of not only the KRM22 Board, but also the 
whole team. 

Director experience in risk management: All the Directors have experience of building growing multi-
national businesses and understand the risks and challenges that come with the journey.  Their sector 
and professional mix of skills is particularly relevant – see Principle 6. 

Team experience in risk management: The subject matter expertise within the multi-national team is 
very  strong  and  includes  market  risk,  compliance  risk  and  enterprise  risk  experts.    As  a  company 
dedicated to risk management technology, the KRM22 team has a high understanding and experience 
in managing risk. 

Enterprise Risk Cockpit: The Enterprise Risk Cockpit is an application that KRM22 has developed to 
allow CEOs and their teams to see real-time risk statuses and enable them to take action.  KRM22 has 
implemented the Enterprise Risk Cockpit internally to monitor and manage risks. 

Controls and processes: The Directors are continually reviewing controls and processes in all key areas 
on  an  ongoing  basis.    When  an  acquisition  is  completed,  the  acquired  company’s  control’s  and 
processes are reviewed and are aligned with group policy as quickly as possible, with a target of within 
three months from the date of acquisition. 

Principle 5: Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 

Role and composition of the board: 

Keith Todd is the Executive Chairman and CEO and as such has two roles in the business: 

•  Chairman: The principal role of the Chairman is to manage and to provide leadership to the Board of 

Directors of the Company.  The Chairman is accountable to the Board. 

•  CEO: The principal role as the CEO is to make major corporate decisions, manage the overall operations 

and resources and act as the ultimate point of communication with stakeholders. 

Whilst QCA guidelines encourage the role of Chairman and CEO to be held by two different people, Keith Todd’s 
experience helps him perform these two roles with self-challenge.  In addition, the Board currently comprises 
an equal number of executive and non-executives which encourages healthy challenge and debate with the 
non-executives providing additional independence.   

The Board believes strongly that a mix of professional skills, risk management experience and capital market 
understanding  make  a  difference,  as  does  diversity,  and  one  of  the  responsibilities  of  the  Nomination 
Committee is to undertake an annual assessment of Board Effectiveness which includes a review of skills, 
experience and composition. 

The KRM22 leadership is described on pages 25 – 27. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Principle 6: Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and 
capabilities 

The  Directors  consider  that  the  mix  of  professional  skills,  risk  management  experience  and  capital  market 
understanding is key to the effectiveness of the Board and its Committees.  As such, the Board is very satisfied 
that the resulting mix of skills is suited to the sector, to the maturity and growth stage and for an AIM-listed 
business. 

Skills: Of the six Directors, five have worked within capital markets, two are qualified accountants and one is a 
qualified lawyer.  All six Directors have experience of growing businesses and how risks need to be managed 
within a fast-growth environment. 

The Directors maintain their professional experience and skill set through Continued Professional Development 
(legal  and  financial),  and  constant  contact  with  customers,  sector  experts  and  industry  influencers,  and  by 
listening to feedback from all stakeholders. 

Principle  7:  Evaluate  Board  performance  based  on  clear  and  relevant  objectives,  seeking  continuous 
improvement 

The  KRM22  Board  has  three  Board  Committees,  each  consisting  of  the  two  independent  Non-Executive 
Directors.  See more details in Principle 9. 

The responsibilities of the Nomination Committee include an annual assessment of Board Effectiveness.  The 
last assessment was completed in March 2020.  The Directors assessed the Board on: 

•  Risk management (including Going Concern); 
•  Adequacy of management information to make decisions and manage risk; 
•  The effectiveness of decision processes and decision making; 
•  Board composition (mix of skills, experience, diversity, and adequate succession planning); 
•  The effectiveness of each Director on the Board, whether Executive or Non-Executive; 
•  Board communication and organisation; and 
•  Director induction and training. 

The Nomination Committee regarded the Board’s performance, effectiveness and composition as appropriate 
considering  the  size  and  stage  of  KRM22’s  development  however  they  continue  to  monitor  the  Board’s 
construction and remit as KRM22 develops and grows.   

Principle 8: Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

KRM22 has grown fast and brought together different business and nationality cultures, through acquisitions 
and its own organic growth, and therefore the Board is very people-focused, including all stakeholders whether 
internal or external. 

Team 

The aim of the Directors is to build and maintain a culture of transparency and performance and the Directors 
believe that empowerment of employees is key to delivering the strategy. 

KRM22’s three key company values are: 

•  Focus wins; 
•  Business is a team game; and 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

•  Clear accountabilities for all. 

All employees have access to an internal HR system which provides the full organisation chart across KRM22.  
This helps each employee understand where they fit within the organisation and how their work contributes to 
KRM22’s growth and performance. 

As the business has grown, KRM22 has adopted corporate policies, staff handbooks and accounting policies 
which are aligned with the needs of the Group, each country and team.  As each business is acquired, the team 
is included in internal communications and is integrated/transitioned into the communication and systems of 
KRM22.  Each member of the team is expected to sign and adhere to certain policies, including the Business 
Code of Conduct which outlines key responsibilities in terms or ethics. 

In addition, for full transparency, the Board has adopted whistleblowing policies for employees and external 
stakeholders, including the choice of reporting to and excluding the CFO. 

As  discussed  in  Principle  3,  KRM22’s  ESG  programme  is  focused  on  meeting  the United  Nations 17  SDGs 
which promotes a strong ethical culture within all areas of the Company. 

Principle  9:  Maintain  governance  structures  and  processes  that  are  fit  for  purpose  and  support  good 
decision-making by the Board 

The Board of Directors is responsible for setting the strategic direction of the business, managing risks and 
monitoring performance and progress.  To help fulfil these responsibilities, the Directors have implemented 
independent Board Committees which together with the Matters Reserved for the Board, provide structure and 
formalisation of corporate governance. 

The Matters Reserved for the Board include Board approval for acquisitions.  For the acquisitions completed 
to date, the Board has received due diligence information undertaken by employees and external advisors to 
provide the right information to make the right decisions for the business. 

The Board is regularly provided with financial information for monitoring performance and to make strategic 
decisions 

Risk Management 

The  Company  uses  its  own  Enterprise  Risk  Cockpit  software  tool  to  assess  and  monitor  risks.    This  has 
gradually replaced any list of risks in Excel or Word (often the basis for a “Risk Register”) and deliver much 
more visibility to the Directors of the performance KRM22 as a whole. 

Independence 

At  31  December  2020  the  Board  was  comprised  of  three  Executive  Directors  and  three  Non-Executive 
Directors.    Three  of  the  Non-Executive  Directors  are  considered  independent  as  they  have  not  previously 
worked with the executive team. 

Under  their  letters  of  appointment,  the  Non-Executive  Directors  have  a  time  commitment  of  two  days  per 
month  and  the  executives  are  full-time  (with  time  allowed  for  agreed  external  professional  activities).    All 
Directors are able to allocate sufficient time to KRM22 to fulfil their responsibilities. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Nineteen scheduled board meetings were held during the year. 

20 

Board meeting  
attendance 2020 
Executive Directors 
Keith Todd 
Stephen Casner 
Kim Suter 
Non-Executive Directors 
Sandy Broderick 
Garry Jones 
Steve Sparke 
Former Non-Executive Directors 
Karen Bach 

Board committees 

Maximum possible  
meeting attendance 

Number of meetings  
attended 

% of meetings  
attended 

19 
19 
15 

19 
19 
19 

4 

19 
17 
15 

19 
17 
18 

4 

100 
89 
100 

100 
89 
95 

100 

The  Directors  have  established  an  Audit  Committee,  a  Nominations  Committee  and  a  Remuneration 
Committee with formally delegated duties and responsibilities.  None of the Executive Directors are members 
of these Committees and, when invited to attend Committee meetings, it is to present information and not be 
part of the decision making. 

Principle 10: Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with 
shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

All financial reports and publicly-available information is published in the investor information section of the 
KRM22 website (www.krm22.com).  This includes AIM rule 26, significant shareholder information and details 
of our Directors’ roles and experience. 

The CEO and CFO meet with institutional fund investors to communicate progress and plans at least twice a 
year and have met them at other times where appropriate.  In addition, the CEO and CFO meet with Kestrel 
Partners  LLP  (the  “Security  Agent”)  to  report  on  financial  covenants  and  forward-looking  compliance 
information as part of the reporting obligations of the Convertible Loan Agreement dated 15 September 2020 
(the “Convertible Loan”). 

The Directors believe that these meetings provide valuable two-way communication and allow investors and 
Security Agent to provide feedback.  Other investors are provided a channel for communication via the KRM22 
investor information on the website and via email contact at InvestorRelations@krm22.com. 

The  report of  Board Committees  is included  in our  Annual  Report  and  Accounts  each  year.   When  General 
Meetings are held, the Directors publish the results of votes on the KRM22 website in the Investor Information 
section.  

Internally KRM22 uses multiple team-tools to communicate – see Principle 3. 

Board Committees and Secretary 

The Board delegates authority to three committees to assist in meeting its business objectives while ensuring 
a  sound  system  of  internal  control  and  risk  management.    The  committees  meet  independently  of  Board 
meetings. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34 

Audit Committee 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The Audit Committee was established by a resolution of the Board on the recommendation of the Nomination 
Committee.  The Audit Committee, which meets at least three times a year,  consisted of Steve Sparke and 
Garry Jones, both of whom were non-executive directors of the Company.  Steve Sparke chaired the Committee 
and  has  extensive  board  level  experience,  having  previously  been  the  Chairman  of  the  Audit  and  Risk 
Committee at NYSE Euronext LIFFE (now ICE Europe).   

The responsibilities of the Audit Committee are detailed in the Audit Committee report on page 35. 

Remuneration Committee 

The  Remuneration  Committee,  which  meets  at  least  once  a  year,  consisted  of  Sandy  Broderick  and  Garry 
Jones, both of whom were non-executive directors of the Company.   The Committee was established by a 
resolution of the Board on the recommendation of the Nomination Committee.  During the year to 31 December 
2020, and to date, the Committee was chaired by Sandy Broderick. 

The responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee are detailed in the Remuneration Committee are detailed 
in the Remuneration Committee report on page 37. 

Nomination Committee 

The Nomination Committee, which meets at least once a year, consisted of Sandy Broderick and Garry Jones, 
both of whom are non-executive directors of the Company.  The Committee was established by a resolution 
of  the  Board.    During  the  year  to  31  December  2020,  and  to  date,  the  Committee  was  chaired  by  Sandy 
Broderick. 

The responsibilities of the Nomination Committee are detailed in the Nomination Committee report on page 
41. 

For and on behalf of the Board 

Keith Todd CBE 

Executive Chairman and CEO 

15 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

The Audit Committee is responsible for challenging the quality of internal and external controls and for ensuring 
that the financial performance of KRM22 is properly reviewed and reported. 

The Committee reviews reports on the interim and annual accounts, financial announcements, the Company’s 
accounting  and  financial  control  systems,  changes  to  accounting  policies,  the  extent  of  non-audit  services 
undertaken by the external auditor and the appointment of the external auditor. 

During the year the Audit Committee reviewed the 2019 annual report, 2020 interim report and the associated 
announcements.  The Audit Committee considered the accounting policies and principles adopted in these 
accounts as well as significant accounting issues and areas of judgement and complexity. 

Composition 

The terms of reference for the Audit Committee require the committee to consist of preferably three members 
but not less than two members and that a majority of the members shall be independent non-executives with 
at least one of whom shall have recent relevant financial experience. 

During 2020, and to date, the Audit Committee was composed of myself, Steve Sparke, as Chairman and Garry 
Jones.  I have extensive board-level experience and have previously been the Chairman of the Audit and Risk 
Committee at NYSE Euronext LIFFE (now ICE Europe) and, whilst working at Marex Spectron, the Internal Audit 
group reported to me and I was a standing attendee of the Audit and Compliance committee.  The Board is of 
the view that we have recent and relevant financial experience.  Kim Suter (CFO) and Carol Tarpey (Financial 
Controller)  and  other  Executive  Directors  may  attend  Committee  meetings  by  invitation.    The  Committee 
formally met on three occasions during the year.  However, other informal discussions were held by Committee 
members during the year and since year end.  I report to the Board following an Audit Committee meeting and 
minutes are available to the Board. 

Role of the Committee 

The main duties of the Committee are set out in its terms of reference, which are available on KRM22’s website 
and the main items of business considered by the Committee in the year included: 

•  Consideration of risk management and internal control systems; 
•  Review and approval of the 2019 audit plan and engagement; 
•  Review of the 2019 audited annual report; 
•  Consideration of key audit matters and how they are addressed; 
•  Review of the unaudited 2020 interim report; 
•  Review the suitability of the external auditor; and 
•  Meeting with the external auditor without management present. 

Financial Reporting 

The Committee reviews whether suitable accounting policies have been adopted and whether management 
has  made  appropriate  judgements  and  estimates.    The  Committee’s  remit  includes  reviews  of  accounting 
papers  prepared  by  management  providing  details  on  the  main  financial  reporting  judgements  as  well  as 
assessments of the impact of potential new accounting standards. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

There were no material changes in accounting policy for the Committee to consider during 2020 and the key 
papers  reviewed  by  the  Committee  included  the  accounting  treatment  for  the  acquisition  of  the  remaining 
shareholding  in  KRM22  Market  Surveillance  Limited,  the  Kestrel  Loan  and  share-based  payments.    The 
Committee have concluded that the annual report and financial statements are appropriately prepared and 
provide the information necessary for shareholders to assess KRM22’s strategy and performance. 

Risk management and interim controls 

The risk and control management framework of KRM22 is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk 
of  failure  to  meet  KRM22’s  objectives  and  the  system  can  only  provide  reasonable  and  not  absolute 
assurances against material misstatement or loss.  KRM22 faces a number of risks, the significant ones of 
which are set out in the section on Principal risks and uncertainties on pages 13 - 15. 

Through the control systems outlined in the Statement of Corporate Governance on pages  25 - 34, KRM22 
operates an ongoing process of identifying, evaluating and managing significant risks faced by the business.  
This process includes the following: 

•  Defined organisation structure and appropriate delegation of authority; 
•  Formal authorisation procedure for investments; 
•  Clear responsibility for management to maintain good financial control and the production and review 

of detailed, accurate and timely financial information; 
Identification of operational risks and mitigation plans developed by senior management; and 

• 
•  Regular reports to the Board from Executive Directors. 

During the year, internal control processes have been monitored and reviewed by the Committee and the Board 
and, where necessary improvements, have been identified and implemented.   

External Auditor 

BDO was appointed auditor of KRM22 in 2018.  The Committee considers that its relationship with the auditor 
is working well and is satisfied with their effectiveness. 

The Committee is responsible for implementing a suitable policy for ensuring that non-audit work undertaken 
by the auditor is reviewed so that it will not impact their independence and objectivity.  The breakdown of fees 
between audit and non-audit services is provided in note 7 to KRM22’s financial statements.  The non-audit 
fees primarily relate to taxation advice and compliance. 

As necessary, the Committee held private meetings with the auditor to review key items within its scope of 
responsibility.    Taking  into  account  the  auditor’s  knowledge  of  KRM22  and  experience,  the  Committee has 
recommended to the Board that the auditor is reappointed for the year ending 31 December 2021. 

For and on behalf of the Audit Committee 

Steve Sparke 

Audit Committee Chairman 

15 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
37 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

The Board has prepared this report in relation to all Directors who have served during the year to 31 December 
2020.  As an AIM listed company KRM22 Plc is not required to provide the full disclosures required of fully 
listed companies, however, the Board has chosen to provide the following details as a voluntary disclosure.  As 
a  result,  the  Auditor  is  not  required  to  and  has  not  audited  the  information  included  in  this  report,  unless 
otherwise stated. 

Composition 

The terms of reference for the Remuneration Committee require the committee to consist of preferably three 
members  but  not  less  than  two  members  and  that  a  majority  of  the  members  shall  be  independent  non-
executives. 

During 2020, and to date, the Committee was composed of myself (Sandy Broderick) as Chairman and Garry 
Jones.  

Role of the Committee 

The purpose of the Committee is to ensure that the executive directors and other key employees of KRM22 
(together, ‘Executive Directors’) are fairly rewarded for their individual contribution to the overall performance 
of KRM22.  The Committee’s main role and responsibilities are to: 

•  Have responsibility for setting the remuneration policy for Executive Directors and such other members 

of the executive management as it is designated to consider; 

•  Recommend and monitor the level and structure of remuneration for senior management; 
•  Obtain  reliable, up-to-date  information  about  remuneration in  other  companies of  comparable  scale 
and complexity in the light of reviewing the ongoing appropriateness of and relevance of remuneration 
policy; 

•  Review the design of all share incentive plans for approval by the Board; and 
•  Approve the design of, and determine targets for, any performance-related pay schemes operated by 

KRM22 and approve the annual payments made under such schemes. 

Remuneration Policy 

In setting the remuneration policy, the Committee recognises the need to be competitive in an international 
market.  The Committee’s policy is to set remuneration levels which ensure that the Executive Directors are 
fairly  rewarded  in  line  with  high  levels  of  performance  and  not  in  excess  of  market  rates  for  comparable 
companies.  Remuneration policy is designed to support business growth strategies and to create a strong 
performance-oriented environment.  The policy must also attract, retain, and motivate high calibre individuals.  
The Remuneration Committee believes that a successful remuneration policy must ensure that a significant 
proportion  of  the  remuneration  package  is  linked  to  the  achievement  of  ambitious  corporate  performance 
targets and a strong alignment with the interests of shareholders. 

Consistent with the pay for performance policy, annual cash bonuses are linked to performance criteria.  Share 
option and warrant awards to Executive Directors are linked to performance as well as being time vested. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38 

Annual salary 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Salaries are set at a level appropriate for the role and the individual and are reviewed annually with effect from 
1 January.  Adjustments are made, if required, to reflect company and individual performance and competitive 
pay levels.  No salary increases were made during the year or on 1 January 2021 and, in fact, a substantial 
proportion of executive salaries were only partially paid in the year or replaced with share options.  Further 
detail on share options granted to senior executives are detailed below. 

Performance bonus 

These  are  designed  to  reflect  KRM22’s  performance  taking  into  account  the  performance  of  its  peers,  the 
markets in which KRM22 operates and the Executive Directors’ contribution to that performance.  No bonuses 
were paid to the Directors in the year. 

Share Options, Restricted Stock and Warrants 

The following share options, restricted stock and warrants were held by Directors in the year. 

Option holder 
name 
Keith Todd 

Kim Suter 

Sandy Broderick 

Garry Jones 

Date of grant 
18/09/2020 

Exercise price 
£0.380 

Vesting period 
18/09/2020 – 17/09/2023 

28/09/2018 
10/06/2019 
10/06/2019 
23/12/2019 
22/07/2020 
18/09/2020 
01/10/2020 

10/06/2019 
18/09/2020 
01/10/2020 

10/06/2019 
01/10/2020 

£1.000 
£0.850 
£0.850 
£0.525 
£0.300 
£0.380 
£0.380 

£0.850 
£0.380 
£0.380 

£0.850 
£0.380 

28/09/2018 – 27/09/2021 
10/06/2019 – 10/06/2022 
10/06/2019 – 01/03/2020 
23/12/2019 – 22/12/2022 
22/07/2020 – 22/08/2020 
18/09/2020 – 17/09/2023 
01/10/2020 – 31/10/2020 

10/06/2019 – 03/04/2022 
18/09/2020 – 17/09/2023 
01/10/2020 – 31/12/2020 

10/06/2019 – 03/04/2022 
01/10/2020 – 31/12/2020 

Steve Sparke 

01/10/2020 

£0.380 

01/10/2020 – 31/12/2020 

Total 

Restricted stock 
holder name 
Stephen Casner 
Total 

Warrant holder 
name 
Keith Todd 
Stephen Casner 
Karen Bach 
Total 

Date of award 
18/09/2020 

Exercise price 
£0.380 

Vesting period 
18/09/2020 – 17/09/2023 

Date of grant 
30/04/2018 
24/04/2018 
24/04/2018 

Exercise price 
£1.00 
£1.00 
£1.00 

Vesting period 
30/04/2018 – 29/04/2021 
24/04/2018 – 23/04/2021 
24/04/2018 – 23/04/2021 

Number of ordinary 
shares under option 
287,831 
287,831 
50,000 
50,000 
30,000 
60,000 
21,875 
124,342 
17,270 
353,487 
10,000 
59,210 
59,211 
128,421 
176,471 
49,342 
225,813 
59,211 
59,211 
1,054,763 

Number of ordinary 
shares under option 
253,162 
253,162 

Warrants 
held 
3,300,000 
1,200,000 
900,000 
5,400,000 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

During the year, a range of measures were implemented to mitigate the cash impact of COVID and delayed 
sales including staff accepting a temporary salary sacrifice of between six and nine months.  In lieu of staff 
receiving a reduced level of remuneration, a total of 867,923 share options were granted, of which  206,909 
options were granted to the Directors.   

In addition, a further 1,187,322 share options and a restricted stock award of 253,162 was awarded in exchange 
for salary deferrals, and the related accrued repayment bonuses, undertaken by certain employees in March 
2019  for  twelve  months  as  part  of  the  Company’s  management  of  cashflows.    The  accrued  repayment 
bonuses were due to be repaid at an uncommitted future date  however, in conjunction with the Convertible 
Loan with Kestrel, it was agreed that the accrued deferred salary bonus would be converted to share options.  
Of the total 1,187,322 share options granted to staff, 471,383 share options were granted to the Directors. 

Further information on warrants and share options issued is detailed in note 0 to the financial statements. 

Service contracts 

The Executive Directors have employment contracts which are subject to between 3- and 12-months’ notice 
from either the executive or KRM22 at any given time. 

Non-Executive Directors’ fees are determined by the Executive Directors having regard to the need to attract 
high calibre individuals with the right experience, the anticipated time commitment to fulfil their duties and 
comparative  fees  paid  in  the  market  to  which  KRM22  operates.    They  may  be  invited  to  participate  in  the 
KRM22 share options scheme. 

Directors’ Emoluments 

The  remuneration  of  the  Executive  and  Non-Executive  Directors  (audited) for  the  year  ended  31  December 
2020 was as follows: 

2020 

2019 

Salary 
& Fees 
£’000 
12 
45 
56 
5 
6 
8 

13 
– 
– 
– 
145 

Benefits 
£’000 
8 
– 
2 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
10 

Share 
based 
payments 
£’000 
372 
143 
13 
5 
12 
4 

25 
– 
– 
– 
574 

Bonus 
£’000 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

Pension 
£’000 
– 
– 
3 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
3 

Total 
£’000 
392 
188 
74 
10 
18 
12 

38 
– 
– 
– 
732 

Salary 
& Fees 
£’000 
175 
226 
– 
30 
17 
2 

110 
10 
4 
28 
602 

Benefits 
£’000 
8 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

6 
– 
– 
– 
14 

Bonus 
£’000 
(6) 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

(5) 
– 
– 
– 
(11) 

Share 
based 
payments 
£’000 
518 
188 
– 
– 
5 
– 

141 
– 
8 
– 
860 

Pension 
£’000 
– 
1 
– 
– 
– 
– 

11 
– 
– 
– 
12 

Total 
£’000 
695 
415 
– 
30 
22 
2 

263 
10 
12 
28 
1,477 

Keith Todd 
Stephen Casner 
Kim Suter 
Sandy Broderick 
Garry Jones 
Steve Sparke 
Former Directors 
Karen Bach 
David Ellis 
Jim Oliff 
Matt Reed 
Total 

During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Directors waived some of their salary through a voluntary salary 
sacrifice scheme and some of the Directors were granted share options in lieu of the reduced salary.   

The  benefits  relate  to  private  medical  insurance,  life  insurance,  critical  illness  cover  and  income  protection 
insurance for Directors and their immediate families. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40 

Directors’ Interests 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The Directors who held office at 31 December 2020 had the following interest in the ordinary share capital of 
the Company as at that date: 

Director 

Keith Todd 
Stephen Casner 
Kim Suter 
Sandy Broderick 
Garry Jones 
Steve Sparke 

At 31 December 2020 
No. of ordinary shares of 10p each 

At 31 December 2019 
No. of ordinary shares of 10p each 

2,700,108 
513,143 
26,666 
11,765 
176,471 
273,236 

2,347,052 
513,143 
10,000 
11,765 
176,471 
189,903 

Sandy Broderick 

Remuneration Committee Chairman 

15 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

NOMINATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

During 2020, and to date, the Committee was composed of Sandy Broderick, as Chairman, and Garry Jones. 

The main duties of the Committee are set out in its terms of reference, which are available on KRM22’s website.  
The Committee met on two occasions in 2020 to undertake an annual review of Board performance and to 
consider the appointment of Kim Suter to the Board as an Executive Director.   

The annual review of Board performance was undertaken in March 2020 and considered the time spent by 
Non-Executive board members, the structure, size and composition of the Board, the Board’s performance and 
the  Nomination  Committee’s  performance.    The  Committee  concluded  that  the  Board’s  performance, 
effectiveness and composition was appropriate considering the size and stage of KRM22’s development and 
would  continue  to  monitor  the  Board’s  construction  and  remit  as  KRM22  grows.    In  considering  the 
performance of the Nomination Committee, the Committee deemed their performance as satisfactory, given 
the non-expansionary phase of KRM22, and therefore lack of significant work for the Committee to consider. 

Sandy Broderick 

Nomination Committee Chairman 

15 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
42 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements of KRM22 Plc (‘the Company’) and its 
subsidiary companies, together called ‘KRM22’, for the year ended 31 December 2020.  An indication of likely 
future developments in the business is set out in the Strategic Report. 

Principal activities 

The  principal  activity  of KRM22  is  the  development  and sale  of  risk management software to  the  financial 
services industry. 

Directors 

The Directors of the Company who served throughout the year and to the date of signing this report, except as 
noted below were: 

Keith Todd CBE 

Chairman and CEO  

Stephen Casner 

President  

Kim Suter 

CFO (appointed 2 April 2020) 

Sandy Broderick 

Non-Executive Director  

Garry Jones 

Non-Executive Director 

Steve Sparke 

Non-Executive Director 

Karen Bach 

Non-Executive Director (resigned 2 April 2020) 

Director indemnification and insurance 

KRM22 maintains Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance for each of its directors.  The insurance covers any 
liabilities that may arise to a third party, other than KRM22 or Company, for negligence, default or breach of 
trust or duty. 

Financial risk management objectives and policies 

Further detailed commentary on financial risk management is included in note 26. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43 

Liquidity risk 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

KRM22 seeks to manage financial risk by ensuring adequate liquidity is available to meet foreseeable needs 
and to invest cash assets safely and profitably.  Short-term flexibility is achieved by holding significant cash 
balances in KRM22’s main operational currencies, notably UK Sterling, US Dollar, Euro and Czech Kroner. 

Foreign exchange risk 

KRM22 has significant operations in both the UK and overseas.  Revenue and costs are exposed to variations 
in  exchange  rates  and  therefore  reported  losses.    There  is  some  natural  hedging  of  transactional  foreign 
exchange risk, however KRM22 remains subject to translation exchange risk. 

COVID-19 risk 

The global COVID-19 pandemic  has created increased levels of risk to due to the difficulty in being able to 
predict the timing and certainty of events affecting KRM22 and its stakeholders.  Delays in the conversion of 
sales pipeline opportunities impact cashflow and, whilst KRM22 cannot control external factors around the 
timing and certainty of new contract sales, actions have been taken during 2020 to manage cashflow including 
the arrangement of the Convertible Loan with Kestrel and managing the underlying cost base of the business. 

Overseas branches 

KRM22 has one branch outside the UK located in Czech Republic. 

Research and Development 

KRM22 continues to dedicate resource to develop the Global Risk Platform and its suite of risk management 
products  including  Enterprise  (Risk  Cockpit),  Market  (Pre-Trade,  At-Trade  and  Post-Trade)  and  Compliance 
(Market Surveillance). 

In accordance with IAS38 ‘Intangible Assets’, expenses are capitalised when it is probably that future economic 
benefits will be attributable to the asset and these costs can be measured reliably (see note 3).  For the year 
ended 31 December 2020, total expenditure that has been capitalised on these projects totalled £1.0m (2019: 
£1.5m). 

Going Concern 

KRM22’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and 
position are set out in the Strategic report on pages 6 - 23 and the financial position of KRM22, its cash flows, 
liquidity position and borrowing facilities are described in the notes to the financial statements, in particular in 
the consolidated cash flow statement on page 64 and in note 26 (financial instruments). 

These  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  going  concern  basis.    The  Directors  have  reviewed 
KRM22’s going concern position taking account of its current business activities, budgeted performance and 
the  factors  likely  to  affect  its  future  development,  as  set  out  in  its  Annual  report,  and  include  KRM22’s 
objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital, its financial risk management objectives and its 
exposure to credit and liquidity risks. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The COVID-19 pandemic impact on our business have been appropriately managed and the Board believes 
that the business is able to navigate through the impact of COVID-19.  Taking account of this, the Directors 
have  undertaken  a  significant  assessment  of  the  cashflow  forecasts  covering  a  period  of  at  least  twelve 
months from the date of approval of the financial statements.  Cashflow forecasts has been prepared based 
on a range of scenarios including, but not limited to, existing customer churn at different churn rates, no new 
contracted sales revenue, delayed sales, cost reductions and a combination of these different scenarios. 

Having  assessed  the  sensitivity  analysis on  cashflows,  the  key  risks  to  KRM22  remaining  a  going  concern 
without implementing extensive cost reduction measures is existing customers paying on payment terms and 
within 45 days of invoice, customer churn of up to 10%, conversion of some of the sales opportunities that are 
currently at contract negotiation stage and maintaining control of the cost base.   

If the forecast is achieved, KRM22 will be able to operate within its existing facilities.  However, the time to 
close new customers and the value of each customer, which are deemed individually as high value and low 
volume,  is  key.    As  such,  there is  a  risk  that  KRM22’s  working  capital may  prove  insufficient  to  cover  both 
operating activities and the repayment of its debt facility.  In such circumstances, KRM22 would be obliged to 
seek additional funding through a placement of shares or other sources of funding.  There is no certainty that 
such funds could be raised. 

The Directors have concluded that the circumstances set forth above represent a material uncertainty, which 
may cast significant doubt about the Company and KRM22’s ability to continue as a going concern.  However 
the Directors expect to be able to raise funds through a placement of shares or other source of funding and 
believe that taken as a whole, the factors described above enable the Company and KRM22 to continue as a 
going concern for the foreseeable future, being twelve months from their signing of their financial statements.  
The financial statements do not include the adjustments that would be required if the Company and  Group 
were unable to continue as a going concern. 

See note 3 on page 68 for further information on going concern. 

Post year-end reporting date events 

On  4  March  2021,  the  Company  signed  an  addendum  (the  “Addendum”)  to  the  Object+  Share  Purchase 
Agreement dated 29 May 2019.  Under the terms of the Addendum, the undiscounted deferred consideration 
of  US$1.6m  (£1.2m)  associated  with  the  third  performance  milestone  was  reduced  by  US0.5m  (£0.4m)  to 
US$1.1m (£0.8m) in return for a cash payment of US$0.1m (£0.1m) to the Seller of Object+ and the Company 
waiving the US$0.1m (£0.1m) promissory loan note due from the Seller to the Company.  As of the statement 
of financial position date the Director’s expectation was that such a position was probable taking account of 
the performance of the Group and engagement with the seller.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
45 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Substantial Shareholders 

As at 31 December 2020, the Shareholders listed below had a disclosable interest of 3% or more in the nominal 
value of the ordinary share capital of the Company. 

Kestrel Partners 
KRM22 Concert Party 
Canaccord Genuity Wealth Management 
Cinnober Financial Technology AB 
Herald Investment Management 
Octopus Investments 
Gresham House 

Energy and carbon 

Number of 
ordinary shares 
5,366,657 
4,317,532 

3,112,859 
2,654,434 
2,431,456 
1,134,308 
1,000,000 

Percentage of 
ordinary shares % 
20.1 
16.2 

11.7 
9.9 
9.1 
4.3 
3.7 

The 2018 Regulations introduced requirements under Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 for an enhanced 
group of companies, which are defined as large by the Companies Act 2006, to disclose their annual energy 
use  and  greenhouse  gas  emissions,  and  related  information.    The  Group  is  not  currently  defined  as  large.  
However given the Group’s values and taking account of its energy consumption has chosen to apply the 2018 
Regulations.  KRM22 plc, itself consumes less than 40MWh and therefore as a low energy user, which negates 
the need to make detailed disclosures of its energy and carbon information.  Furthermore and taking account 
of  this,  it  has  applied  the  option  permitted  by  the  2018  Regulations  to  exclude  any  energy  and  carbon 
information relating to its subsidiaries where the subsidiary would not itself be obliged to include if reporting 
on its own account; this applies to all subsidiaries within the group. 

Brexit 

The United Kingdom (‘UK’) formally left the European Union (‘EU’) on 30 January 2020.  The period from when 
the UK voted to exit the EU on 23 June 2016 and the formal process initiated by the UK government to withdraw 
from the EU, or Brexit, created volatility in the global financial markets.  The UK entered a transition period, 
being an intermediary arrangement covering matters like trade and border arrangements, citizens’ rights and 
jurisdiction  on  matters  including  dispute  resolution,  taking  account  of  The  EU  (Withdrawal  Agreement)  Act 
2020, which ratified the Withdrawal Agreement, as agreed between the UK and the EU.  The transition period 
ended on 31 December 2020, where upon the UK-EU Trade & Cooperation Agreement (together with other 
connected  Agreements  concluded  on  by  the  UK  and  EU,  which  includes  the  Exchanging  and  Protecting  of 
Classified  Information  Agreement)  signed  on  the  24  December  2020,  with  UK  Parliament  approval  on  30 
December 2020. 

As such, the Directors deem that the adoption of the UK-EU Trade & Cooperation Agreement will not have a 
significant impact on the Company’s operations nor consider it likely that the Company will be significantly 
impacted as it is not an importer or exporter of goods across EU borders.  However, the Directors and senior 
leadership team are closely monitoring the situation to be able to manage the risk of any volatility in global 
financial markets and impact on global economic performance due to Brexit.  

Corporate governance 

The Company adopts the QCA Corporate Governance Code for Small and Mid-Size Quoted Companies (“QCA 
guidelines”) as set out on pages 28 - 34. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
46 

Dividends 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

No interim dividends were paid and the Directors do not recommend payment of a final dividend. 

Share options schemes 

Details of employee share schemes are set out in note 0 to the financial statements. 

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year.  Under that law, 
Directors  have  prepared  the  Group  and  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.  Under company law 
the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view  of  the  state  of  the  affairs  of  KRM22  and  the  Company  and  for  the  profit  or  loss  of  KRM22  and  the 
Company for that period.  The Directors are also required to prepare financial statements in accordance with 
the rules of the London Stock Exchange for companies trading securities on the AIM. 

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are also required to: 

•  Select suitable accounting policies and apply them consistently; 
•  Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
•  State  whether  they  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  international  accounting  standards  in 

conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; and 

•  Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis, unless it is inappropriate to presume the 

Group and Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the 
Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for 
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  ensuring  that  the  annual  report  and  the  financial  statements  are  made 
available  on  the  Company’s  website.    Financial  statements  are  published  on  the  Company’s  website  in 
accordance with legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements,  which  may  vary  from  legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination of financial statements, which may vary from legislation in other jurisdictions.  The maintenance 
and integrity of the Company’s website is the responsibility of the Directors.  The Directors’ responsibility also 
extends to the ongoing integrity of the financial statements contained therein. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
47 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Disclosure of information to the auditor 

Each of the Directors of the Company at the time when this report was approved confirms that: 

•  So far, as the Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information which the Company’s auditor is 

unaware; and 

•  He or she has taken all the steps that he or she ought to have taken as a Director in order to make 
himself or herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor 
is aware of that information.  This confirmation is given in accordance with Section 418(2) of the Act. 

Auditor 

BDO LLP was appointed as auditor to the Company and in accordance with Section 485 of the Companies Act 
2006, a resolution proposing that they be reappointed will be tabled at a General Meeting. 

Approval 

The Directors’ Report was approved on behalf of the Board by: 

Kim Suter 

Company Secretary 

15 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Financial Statements 

 
 
 
 
 
49 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE 
MEMBERS OF KRM22 PLC 

Opinion on the financial statements 

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the  financial  statements  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  state  of  the  Group’s  and  of  the  Parent 
Company’s affairs as at 31 December 2020 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended; 
the  Group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; 
the  Parent  Company  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with 
international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 
and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies 
Act 2006. 

We have audited the financial statements of KRM22 Plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the 
‘Group’) for the year ended 31 December 2020 which comprise the consolidated income statement and the 
statement of comprehensive income for the Group, the consolidated statement of financial position  for the 
Group, the Company statement of financial position, the consolidated statement of changes in equity for 
the Group,  the Company statement of changes in equity, the consolidated statement of cash flows for the 
Group  and  the  Company  statement  of  cash  flows  and  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements, 
including a summary of significant accounting policies.  

The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and 
international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as 
regards  the  Parent  Company  financial  statements,  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK)  (ISAs(UK))  and 
applicable  law.    Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report.   We believe that the audit 
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Independence 

We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements 
that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as 
applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these 
requirements.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
50 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to note 3 in the financial statements which indicates that the Group may need to raise 
further finance within the next 12 months to enable it to cover its operating expenses, especially in light of 
the  current  continuous  COVID-19  pandemic  causing  economic  uncertainty  and  making  accurate 
forecasting even more judgemental and complex.  There is no certainty that such funds could be raised.  
These  events  or  conditions,  along  with  the  other  matters  as  set  out  in  note  3,  indicate  that  a  material 
uncertainty  exists  that  may  cast  significant  doubt  about  the  Group’s  and  the  parent  company  ability  to 
continue as a going concern.  Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

The calculations supporting the going concern assessment require management to make highly subjective 
judgements.  We  have  therefore  spent  significant  audit  effort  in  assessing  the  appropriateness  of  the 
assumptions involved, and as such this has been identified as a Key Audit Matter.  

Our audit procedures included the following: 

•  Review of the internal forecasting process to confirm the projections are prepared by an appropriate 
level  of  staff  that  are  aware  of  the  detailed  figures  included  in  the  forecast  but  also  have  an 
understanding of the entity’s market, strategy and changes in the customer base and the potential 
impact that Covid-19 might have on these projections; 

•  Reviewing management’s assessment of going concern through analysis of the Group’s cash flow 
forecast and other projections through to 30 June 2022, including assessing and challenging the 
assumptions as to determine whether there is adequate support for the assumptions underlying the 
forecasts and comparison against post yea -end results to date and performing sensitivity analysis 
to consider cash flow changes if the level of revenue and costs.  This includes, taking account of 
the Covid-19 pandemic, reverse stress testing to ascertain what levels of cost increases or revenue 
decline cause a cash shortage at any point in management’s post balance sheet assessment period 
and considering the likelihood that those fact patterns could occur; 

•  Reviewing the terms of the Group’s existing financing and covenants attached to it and plans for 

future fund raising; 

•  Reviewing  post-balance  sheet  events,  specifically  the  actual  cash  flow  position  against  that 

budgeted; and 

•  Considering the adequacy of the disclosures in the financial statements against the requirements 

of the accounting standards. 

Overview 

Coverage 

86% (2019: 86%) of Group loss before tax 

89% (2019: 93%) of Group revenue 

90% (2019: 95%) of Group total assets 

Key audit matters 

2020 

2019 

KAM 1 

KAM 2  

Going Concern 

Going Concern 

Revenue 
Recognition 

Revenue Recognition 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
51 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

KAM 3 

KAM 4  

Acquisition  of 
remaining 
the 
40% 
of 
subsidiary 
(KRM22  Market 
Surveillance Ltd, 
previously 
Irisium Ltd) 

Acquisition  of  Object 
+ 
BV 
Holding 
(‘Object+’): 
Accounting 
for 
acquisition  and  the 
business 
combination  

Impairment  of 
intangible 
assets 
(including 
Goodwill) 

- 

KAM 3 in 2019 is no longer considered to be a key audit matter because it 
was a specific transaction/event during that year.  It has been replaced by a 
specific transaction/event that occurred in 2020.  KAM 4 has been added 
considering 
testing 
management’s  assessment  of  impairment  of  the  intangibles  and  the 
amounts, judgements and estimates relating to these are significant.  

there  have  been 

identified  while 

indicators 

Materiality 

Group financial statements as a whole 

£244,000 (2019: £336,000) based 5% of average loss before tax for last 3 
years (2019: 5% of loss before tax in 2019)  

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the 
Group’s  system  of  internal  control,  and  assessing  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  in  the  financial 
statements.  We also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including assessing 
whether  there  was  evidence  of  bias  by  the  Directors  that  may  have  represented  a  risk  of  material 
misstatement. 

In  establishing  the  overall  approach  to  the  Group  audit,  we  assessed  the  audit  significance  of  each 
component  in  the  Group  by  reference  to  both  its  individual  financial  significance  to  the  Group  or  other 
specific nature or circumstances. We identified seven individually significant components, which makes up 
86% of Group loss before tax and also covers 90% of the total assets of the Group.  

The significant components in all territories were audited by the Group audit team, as the Group’s finance 
team and information for all territories are based within the UK and to this extent: 

•  The  Group  audit  team  performed  full  scope  audits  for  KRM22  Plc  and  its  subsidiaries  KRM22 
Central  Limited,  KRM22  Development  Limited,  and  KRM22  Market  Surveillance  Ltd  (previously 
known as Irisium Ltd); 

•  The  Group  audit  team  performed  specified  audit  procedures  for  KRM22  Americas  Inc,  KRM22 
ProOpticus LLC, and Object+ Financial Services BV due to their significance to the Group, focussing 
on Group risk areas; and 

•  The  remaining  components  not  subject  to  full  scope  audit  or  specific  procedures  have  been 
reviewed  for  Group  reporting  purposes,  by  the  Group  auditor,  using  analytic  procedures  to 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
52 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

corroborate the conclusions reached that there are no significant risks of material misstatement of 
the aggregated financial information of these components.  

The Group audit team performed the audit of 86% of the Group revenue and 100% of the intangible assets 
using the materiality levels set out above. 

Key audit matters 

In addition to the matter described in the material uncertainty related to going concern section, key audit 
matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect 
on:  the  overall  audit  strategy,  the  allocation  of  resources  in  the  audit,  and  directing  the  efforts  of  the 
engagement team.  These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements 
as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

Key audit matter  

Revenue 
Recognition  

How  the  scope  of  our  audit  addressed  the 
key audit matter 
• 

We performed the following specific testing: 

The  Group,  as  a  software  business, 
generates revenue primarily from the sale of 
recurring software as a service licenses, and 
non-recurring software implementation and 
set up services too.  Details of the Group’s 
revenue  streams  and  accounting  policies 
applied during the period are given in note 3. 
• 
We considered there to be a significant audit 
risk  arising  from  inappropriate  or  incorrect 
recognition of revenue. 
• 

to ensure each revenue stream had a 
standalone value and that revenue is 
not 
/ 
recorded 
recognised prematurely.  

The  key  audit  matters  related  to  revenue 
recognition are as follows: 

inaccurately 

• 

• 

• 

• 

to 

•  The  risk  of  material  misstatement  in 
relation 
recognition 
revenue 
concerns  the  recognition  around  the 
year  end,  particularly  in  relation  to 
license sales.  License sales require an 
activations code to be provided to the 
customer, which enables access.  This 
in turn provides evidence of delivery to 
the 
in 
the  customer 
contractual  performance  obligation; 
and 

relation 

to 

•  There  is  also  a  risk  that  all  revenue 
streams  have  not  been  recognised  in 
line with the revenue recognition policy, 
in  particular  the  unbundling  of  any 
contracts in line with their performance 
obligations,  to  ensure  each  revenue 
stream had a standalone value and that 
revenue is not recorded inaccurately / 
recognised prematurely.  

receipt 

•  Verified  a  sample  of  Software-as-a-
Service (‘SaaS’) license fees recognised 
in  the  year,  reconciling  to  underlying 
agreements, 
and 
cash 
appropriate trigger events (performance 
obligations) for revenue recognition;  
•  Agreed  a  sample  of  the  Group’s  non-
recurring 
(mainly 
revenue 
implementation  fees)  received  through 
to  delivery  order  confirmation  and 
ultimate cash receipt and confirm that it 
has a standalone value; and 

•  Cut-off  procedures 

to 

including  testing 
invoices  raised  in  December  2020  and 
to 
January  2021,  verifying  back 
underlying  agreements, 
check 
revenue has been recognised within the 
correct period.  
checked 

completeness, 
the 
existence  and  accuracy  of  accrued 
income  and  deferred  revenue  balances 
shown  in  the  statement  of  financial 
position  at  year  end.    We  selected  a 
sample 
transactions 
revenue 
occurring  either  side  of  the  year-end 
reporting  date  across  all 
revenue 
streams and checked that the revenues 
recognised for the year under audit and 
accrued income and deferred revenues 
recognised  at  the  year  end  reporting 
date  had  been  recorded  appropriately 
with  reference  to  the  sampled  revenue 
contract 

of 

•  We 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
53 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Acquisition 
the 
of 
remaining 
40% 
non-
controlling 
interest 
KRM22 
Market 
Surveillance 
Ltd 

in 

•  We  assessed  whether  the  revenue 
recognition  policies  adopted  by  the 
Group 
accounting 
standards.  

comply  with 

Key observations: 

revenue  has  been 

Based on the work performed we consider 
that 
recognised 
appropriately  and  in  accordance  with  the 
Group’s  revenue  recognition  accounting 
policy. 

See  accounting  policy 
in  note  3,  the 
operating expense (note 6) and the business 
combinations note (note 27). 

We  performed  the  following  substantive 
audit procedures :  

interest 

On  16  April  2020,  the  remaining  40% 
in  KRM22  Market 
minority 
Surveillance  Limited  (‘the  subsidiary’)  was 
acquired for a total consideration of £0.55m 
by  way  of  a  convertible  loan  note  (‘CLN’).  
The  transaction  also  involved  historic  debt 
due being converted into ordinary shares in 
to 
the  subsidiary 
consolidating 
the 
subsidiary.  

its  ownership  of 

immediately  prior 

There  are  risks  present  as  a  result  of 
management’s 
to  make 
significant judgements in assessing the fair 
values of consideration and treatment of the 
loans extinguished. 

requirement 

The inherent complexity of the judgements 
involved  in  assessing  the  fair  values  have 
led us to assess this as a key audit matter 
along with the related disclosures. 

•  Obtained the share purchase agreement, 
related  to  the  transaction  and  ensured 
in 
the 
accordance  with  the  relevant  terms  of 
the agreement.  

accounting 

treatment 

is 

•  Obtained  the  CLN  agreement  entered 
between  the  parties  and  agreed  the 
accuracy  and  completeness  of  the 
relevant  terms  of  the  agreement.    The 
terms of the CLN were verified to ensure 
in 
instrument  was  accounted 
the 
accordance  with 
the 
calculation  for  conversion  into  ordinary 
shares  was  arithmetically  checked  and 
agreed.   

IFRS  9  and 

•  Tested  the  accuracy  of  accounting 
treatment  applied,  taking  account  of 
IFRIC 19, where upon equity instruments 
are  issued  to  settle  financial  liabilities 
and measured at fair value and audited 
the  calculated  of  the  resultant  gain  on 
extinguishment  being  recorded  in  the 
consolidated income statement. 

•  We evaluated the disclosures provided in 
the  financial  statements  and  checked 
that these are consistent with the terms 
of 
the  acquisition  and  amounts 
disclosed accurately reflect the value of 
the 
the 
assets 
requirements of IFRS. 

acquired 

and 

Key observations 

Based  on  the  procedures  performed,  we 
noted no instances of material numerical or 
presentational  misstatements  in  the  year 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
54 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Impairment 
of 
intangible 
assets 
(including 
Goodwill) 

Taking  account  of  the  Group’s  accounting 
policy in note 3, and as disclosed in note 12, 
the  Directors  have  determined  that  an 
impairment  of  intangible  assets  (including 
goodwill)  does  exists,  amounting 
to 
£3,022k.  This has been determined based 
on  a  value  in  use  model,  which  includes 
consideration  of  probability  adjusted 
scenarios based on difference revenue and 
cost  growth  assumptions,  to  assess  the 
recoverability  of 
intangible  assets 
the 
(including goodwill).  

There are significant judgements involved in 
the estimation of the recoverable amount of 
the  intangibles  (including  goodwill).  The 
adequacy of related disclosures also needs 
to be assessed.  

relating to the accounting for remaining 40% 
non-controlling interest of the subsidiary. 

The senior members of the audit team were 
responsible  for  completing  the  work  in 
relation to the assessment of impairment of 
intangibles  (including  goodwill)  and  our 
audit procedures included the following: 

•  We reviewed management’s impairment 
assessment, based on our knowledge of 
the  Group’s  business,  performance  to 
from  discussions  with 
date  and 
management. 

•  We  have  considered  whether 
to  value 

the 
the 
methodology  applied 
recoverable  amount  of  the  intangibles 
appropriately supports the asset value.   
•  We  reviewed  and  challenged  of  the 
assumptions underpinning the forecasts 
and the other inputs into the value in use 
model.  This included a recalculation of 
the discount rate applied. 

•  We  checked  that  the  forecast  figures 
included  within  the  model  had  been 
approved  by  the  Board  and  the  base 
case  scenario  was  consistent  with 
in  other  audit 
information  obtained 
procedures. 

•  We  have  also  reviewed  the  different 
scenarios used by management and ran 
evaluate 
our  own 
management’s  assessment  of 
the 
recoverability  of  intangibles  (including 
goodwill). 

sensitives 

to 

•  We assessed the adequacy of the related 
accounting  policies  and  disclosures  in 
the financial statements.  

Key observations 

Based  on  the  procedures  performed,  we 
consider  management’s 
judgements 
relating  to  the  impairment  of  intangible 
assets to be appropriate. 

Our application of materiality 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect 
of  misstatements.    We  consider  materiality  to  be  the  magnitude  by  which  misstatements,  including 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
55 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

omissions, could influence the economic decisions of reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the 
financial statements.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, 
we  use  a  lower  materiality  level,  performance  materiality,  to  determine  the  extent  of  testing  needed. 
Importantly, misstatements below these levels will not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also 
take  account  of  the  nature  of  identified  misstatements,  and  the  particular  circumstances  of  their 
occurrence, when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole.  

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole 
and performance materiality as follows: 

Group financial statements 

Parent company financial statements 

2020 

2019 

2020 

2019 

Materiality 

£ 244,000 

£ 336,000 

£ 126,000 

£ 176,000 

Basis for 
determining 
materiality 

5%  of  three  year’s 
average  of  losses 
before tax 

5%  of  in  year  Loss 
before tax 

2% of total assets 

1% of total assets 

Rationale for the 
benchmark 
applied 

Performance 
materiality 

Basis for 
determining 
performance 
materiality 

A  primary  KPI  used  by  management  to 
assess the performance of the business. 

As the parent primarily acts as a holding 
company for the Group’s investments. 

£ 170,000 

£ 235,000 

£ 88,200 

£ 123,000 

including 

a  number  of  factors 
the 
expected total value of known and likely 
misstatements 
past 
factors)  and 
experience  and  other 
management’s 
towards 
proposed adjustments 

attitude 

(based 

on 

including 

a  number  of  factors 
the 
expected total value of known and likely 
misstatements 
past 
factors)  and 
experience  and  other 
management’s 
towards 
proposed adjustments 

attitude 

(based 

on 

Component materiality 

The individual component materiality values used for the individual overseas components were set at 50%-
75% Group materiality, dependent on the size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of 
that component, at £122,000 - £183,000 for overseas components.  For UK components, this was set at 
5% of loss before tax, which ranged between £26,000 to £104,000.   In the audit of each component, we 
further applied performance materiality levels of 70% of the component materiality to our testing to ensure 
that the risk of errors exceeding component materiality was appropriately mitigated. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
56 

Reporting threshold 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess 
of £12,200 (2019: £10,100).  We also agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, 
warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information.  The other information comprises the information 
included in the annual report 2020 other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon.  Our 
opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise 
explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information 
is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, 
or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent 
material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in 
the financial statements themselves.  If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is 
a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting 

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we 
are  required  by  the  Companies  Act  2006  and  ISAs  (UK)  to  report  on  certain  opinions  and  matters  as 
described below.   

Strategic report 
and Directors’ 
report  

Matters on 
which we are 
required to 
report by 
exception 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the  information  given  in  the  Strategic  report  and  the  Directors’  report  for  the 
financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with 
the financial statements; and 
the Strategic report and the Directors’ report have been prepared in accordance 
with applicable legal requirements. 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Parent Company 
and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material 
misstatements in the strategic report or the Directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the 
Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or 
returns  adequate  for  our  audit  have  not  been  received  from  branches  not 
visited by us; or 
the  Parent  Company  financial  statements  are  not  in  agreement  with  the 
accounting records and returns; or 

• 

•  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; 

or 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our 

audit. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
57 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page  46, the 
Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they 
give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent 
Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the 
Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes 
our  opinion.    Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit 
conducted  in  accordance  with  ISAs  (UK)  will  always  detect  a  material  misstatement  when  it  exists.  
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due 
to fraud or error, and then design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, including 
obtaining audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

•  We  have  identified  and  assessed  the  potential  risks  related  to  irregularities,  including  fraud,  by 

considering the following: 

o  Enquiries  of  management  regarding:  the  compliance  with  laws  and  regulations;  the 
detection  and  response  to  the  risk  of  fraud  and  any  knowledge  of  actual,  suspected  or 
alleged fraud; and the controls in place to mitigate risks related to fraud or non-compliance 
with laws and regulations; 

o  Obtaining  an  understanding  of  the  legal  and  regulatory  framework  in  which  the  Group 
operates. The key laws considered are accounting standards and the Companies Act 2006. 

•  We have responded to risks identified by performing procedures including the following: 

o  Enquiry of in-house management and external legal counsel concerning actual and potential 

litigation and claims; 

o  Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships which 

may indicate risks of misstatement due to fraud; and 

o  Reading the minutes of meetings of those charged with governance. 
o  Review of financial statements disclosures and testing to supporting documentation. 

•  We have also considered the risk of fraud through management override of controls by: 

o  Testing on a sample basis the appropriateness of journal entries and other adjustments; 
o  Assessing whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of 

potential bias;  
indicative of potential bias;  

o 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
58 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Our  audit  procedures  were  designed  to  respond  to  risks  of  material  misstatement  in  the  financial 
statements, recognising that the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than 
the  risk  of  not  detecting  one  resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may  involve  deliberate  concealment  by,  for 
example,  forgery,  misrepresentations  or  through  collusion.    There  are  inherent  limitations  in  the  audit 
procedures  performed  and  the  further  removed  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  is  from  the 
events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  is  available  on  the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at: 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of 
Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the 
Parent Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for 
no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to 
anyone other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, 
for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Iain Henderson (Senior Statutory Auditor) 

For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor 

London, UK 

Date: 15 March 2021 

BDO  LLP  is  a  limited  liability  partnership  registered  in  England  and  Wales  (with  registered  number 
OC305127). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
59 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT AND 
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE GROUP 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit 
Administrative expenses 

Operating  loss  before  interest,  taxation,  depreciation,  amortisation,  share 
based payment and exceptional items (‘Adjusted EBITDA’) 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Impairment of intangible assets 
(Loss)/profit disposal of tangible/intangible assets 
Contingent consideration write back 
Gain on extinguishment of debt (net) 
Unrealised foreign exchange loss 
Acquisition and debt related expenses 
Company reorganisation costs 
Deferred salary bonus accrual write back 
Share-based payment charge 

Operating loss 
Finance charge (net) 

Loss before taxation 
Taxation credit 
Loss for the year 
Loss for the year attributable to: 
Equity shareholders of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 

Other comprehensive income 
Item that may be reclassified subsequently to profit and loss: 
Exchange (loss)/gain on translation of foreign operations 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
Total comprehensive loss for the year attributable to: 
Equity shareholders of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 

Loss per ordinary share 
Basic earnings per share 
Diluted earnings per share 

Note 
5 

6 

9 

10 

11 

11 

All amounts relate to continuing activities. 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements. 

2020 
£’000 
4,594 
(440) 

4,154 
(9,570) 

(167) 

(1,688) 
(3,022) 
(63) 
342 
677 
(160) 
(401) 
(430) 
381 
(885) 

(5,416) 
(324) 

(5,740) 

246 
(5,494) 

(5,879) 

385 
(5,494) 

(117) 

(5,611) 

(5,996) 

385 
(5,611) 

(24.1p) 

(24.1p) 

2019 
£’000 
4,143 
(434) 
3,709 
(10,830) 
(3,072) 

(1,259) 
(2,344) 
22 
1,493 
– 
– 
(413) 
(527) 
– 
(1,021) 

(7,121) 
(196) 

(7,317) 
792 
(6,525) 

(5,648) 
(877) 
(6,525) 

33 
(6,492) 

(5,615) 
(877) 
(6,492) 

(30.4p) 
(30.4p) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
60 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
FINANCIAL POSITION FOR THE GROUP 

As at 31 December 2020 

Non-current assets 
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Right of use assets 
Other receivables 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Lease liabilities  
Loans and borrowings 
Derivative financial liability  

Net current assets/(liabilities) 

Non-current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Lease liabilities  
Loans and borrowings 
Deferred tax liability 

Total liabilities 
Net assets 
Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Merger reserve 
Convertible debt reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Share-based payment reserve 
Retained earnings 

Note 

12 

12 
13 
19 
15 

15 

17 

18 
19 
20 
20 

18 

19 
20 
21 

23 

24 

2020 
£’000 

4,937 

3,065 
136 
1,041 
– 
9,179 

1,434 

1,974 
3,408 
12,587 

2,539 
456 
97 
45 
3,137 
271 

882 

549 
2,664 
405 
4,500 
7,637 
4,950 

2019 
£’000 

7,667 
3,562 
233 
1,642 
42 
13,146 

1,358 
1,076 
2,434 
15,580 

2,954 
488 
388 
45 
3,875 
(1,441) 

1,179 
988 
1,597 
536 
4,300 
8,175 
7,405 

2,672 
16,676 
(190) 
224 
108 
2,563 
(17,103) 
4,950 
– 
4,950 

2,100 
15,435 
(190) 
– 
(9) 
1,678 
(10,871) 
8,143 
(738) 
7,405 

Non-controlling interest 
Total equity 
The financial statements were approved by the Board and authorised for issue on 15 March 2021 and are 
signed on its behalf by: 

Kim Suter 
Company Secretary 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
61 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL 
POSITION 

As at 31 December 2020 

Non-current assets 
Investments 
Intercompany loans 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Loans and borrowings 

Net current (liabilities)/assets 
Non-current liabilities 
Loans and borrowings 

Total liabilities 
Net (liabilities)/assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Convertible debt reserve 
Share-based payment reserve 
Retained earnings 
Total equity 

Note 

14 
15 

15 
17 

18 
20 

20 

23 

24 

2020 
£’000 

489 
737 
1,226 

76 
157 
233 
1,459 

150 
97 
247 
(14) 

2,664 
2,664 
2,911 
(1,452) 

2,672 
16,676 
224 
2,563 
(23,587) 
(1,452) 

2019 
£’000 

301 
1,297 
1,598 

290 
88 
378 
1,976 

366 
– 
366 
12 

– 
– 
366 
1,610 

2,100 
15,435 
– 
1,678 
(17,603) 
1,610 

As  permitted  by  s408  Companies  Act  2006,  the  Company  has  not  prepared  its  own  statement  of 
comprehensive Income and related notes.  The Company’s loss for the year was £5,984,000 (2019: loss of 
£16,469,000). 

The  financial statements  were  approved  by  the  Board  and  authorised  for issue  15  March  2021  and  are 
signed on its behalf by: 

Kim Suter 

Company Secretary 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
62 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES 
IN EQUITY FOR THE GROUP 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Ordinary 
Shares 
£’000 
2,100 
– 

Share 
premium 
£’000 
15,435 
– 

Merger 
reserve 
£’000 
(190) 
– 

Convertible 
debt reserve 
£’000 
– 
– 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
£’000 
(9) 
– 

SBP 
Reserve 
£’000 
1,678 
– 

Retained 
losses 
NCI 
£’000  £’000 
(738) 
385 

(10,871) 
(5,879) 

Total 
equity 
£’000 
7,405 
(5,494) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

572 

1,241 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

224 

– 

– 

117 

117 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

885 

– 

– 

117 

(5,879) 

385 

(5,377) 

(353) 

353 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

224 

1,813 

885 

4,950 

2,672 

16,676 

(190) 

224 

108 

2,563 

(17,103) 

At 1 January 2020 
Loss for the year 
Other 
comprehensive 
loss 
Total 
comprehensive 
loss 
Non-controlling 
interest  
Convertible debt 
option 
Allotment of share 
capital 
Share-based 
payments 
At 31 December 
2020 

For the year ended 31 December 2019 

Ordinary 
Shares 
£’000 
1,638 
– 

Share 
premium 
£’000 
12,659 
– 

Merger 
reserve 
£’000 
(190) 
– 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
£’000 
24 
– 

– 
– 
462 
– 
2,100 

– 
– 
2,776 
– 
15,435 

– 
– 
– 
– 
(190) 

(33) 
(33) 
– 
– 
(9) 

At 1 January 2019 
Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive 
income 
Total comprehensive loss 
Allotment of share capital 
Share-based payments 
At 31 December 2019 

SBP 
reserve 
£’000 
657 
– 

Retained 
losses 
£’000 
(5,223) 
(5,648) 

– 
– 
– 
1,021 
1,678 

– 
(5,648) 
– 
– 
(10,871) 

NCI 
£’000 
139 
(877) 

– 
(877) 
– 
– 
(738) 

Total 
equity 
£’000 
9,704 
(6,525) 

(33) 
(6,558) 
3,238 
1,021 
7,405 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
63 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN 
EQUITY 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

As at 1 January 2020 
Loss for the period 
Convertible debt option 
Allotment of share capital 
Share-based payments 
As at 31 December 2020 

Ordinary 
shares 
£’000 
2,100 
– 
– 
572 
– 
2,672 

Share 
premium 
£’000 
15,435 
– 
– 
1,241 
– 
16,676 

Convertible 
debt reserve 
£’000 
– 
– 
224 
– 
– 
224 

SBP 
Reserve 
£’000 
1,678 
– 
– 
– 
885 
2,563 

Retained 
losses 
£’000 
(17,603) 
(5,984) 
– 
– 
– 
(23,587) 

For the year ended 31 December 2019 

As at 1 January 2019 
Loss for the period 
Allotment of share capital 
Share-based payments 
As at 31 December 2019 

Ordinary 
shares 
£’000 
1,638 
– 
462 
– 
2,100 

Share 
premium 
£’000 
12,659 
– 
2,776 
– 
15,435 

SBP 
reserve 
£’000 
657 
– 
– 
1,021 
1,678 

Retained 
losses 
£’000 
(1,134) 
(16,469) 
– 
– 
(17,603) 

Total 
equity 
£’000 
1,610 
(5,984) 
224 
1,813 
885 
(1,452) 

Total 
equity 
£’000 
13,820 
(16,469) 
3,238 
1,021 
1,610 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
64 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH 
FLOWS FOR THE GROUP 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss for the year 

Adjustments for: 
Tax credit 
Net finance expense 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and right of use assets 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Loss/(profit) on disposal of intangible/tangible assets 
Write back of contingent consideration 
Gain on extinguishment of debt (net) 
Unrealised foreign exchange loss 
Deferred salary bonus accrual write back 
Equity-settled share-based payment expense 

Bad debt provision 
Income taxes received 

(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease)/Increase in trade and other payables 

Net cash flows used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of subsidiary undertakings (net of cash acquired) 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of shares 
Costs of issue of shares 

Lease payments principal 
Lease payments interest 
Receipts from borrowings  
Repayments of borrowings  
Net cash from financing activities 
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year  
Bank overdraft  
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements. 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

(5,494) 

(6,525) 

(246) 
324 
1,018 
670 
3,022 
63 
(342) 
(677) 
160 
(381) 
885 

340 
121 
(537) 

(76) 
(329) 
(405) 
(942) 

– 
(959) 
(2) 
(961) 

1,280 
(25) 

(458) 
(84) 
3,000 
(874) 
2,839 
936 

1,076 
– 
(38) 
1,974 

(792) 
196 
672 
587 
2,344 
(22) 
(1,493) 
– 
85 
– 
1,021 

–  
562 
(3,365) 

98 
8 
106 
(3,259) 

(379) 
(1,599) 
(16) 
(1,994) 

2,787 
(65) 

(559) 
(93) 
1,056 
(203) 
2,923 
(2,330) 

3,355 
22 
29 
1,076 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
65 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the year 

Adjustments for: 
Net finance income 
Deferred salary bonus accrual write back 
Increase in provisions against intra-group loans 
Equity-settled share-based payment expense 

Decrease in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 

Net cash outflows used in operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities 
Advance of loans to subsidiaries 
Net cash outflow used in investing activities 
Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of shares 
Costs of the issue of shares 
Receipts from borrowings 
Repayments of borrowings 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

(5,984) 

(16,469) 

(1,381) 
(107) 
6,186 
697 

(589) 
214 
(187) 
27 
(562) 

(3,620) 
(3,620) 

1,280 
(25) 
3,000 
(4) 
4,251 
69 
88 
157 

(1,119) 
– 
15,927 
946 

(715) 
16 
123 
139 
(576) 

(4,268) 
(4,268) 

2,787 
(65) 
– 
– 
2,722 
(2,122) 
2,210 
88 

The notes on pages 66 to 99 form part of these financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
66 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

1.  General information 

KRM22  Plc,  (the  ‘Company’),  is  a  public  company,  limited  by  shares  and  is  listed  on  the  Alternative 
Investment Market (AIM).  The Company is incorporated and domiciled in the UK.  The registered office is 
5 Ireland Yard, London, EC4V 5EH. 

The principal activity of the Company, and together with its subsidiaries (‘KRM22’, the ‘Group’), is to develop 
and invest in leading risk tools to support enterprise, market, compliance, operational and technology risks. 

2.  Basis of Preparation and Consolidation 

Basis of preparation 

The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and 
international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as 
regards  the  Parent  Company  financial  statements,  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. 

The financial information has been prepared on the historical cost basis except that financial instruments 
are stated at the fair value. 

The financial statements are prepared in Sterling, which is the functional currency of the Parent Company 
too.  Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £’000. 

KRM22 applied all standards and interpretations issued by the IASB that were effective as of 1 January 
2020.  The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all 
years presented in this financial information. 

The  preparation  of  the  financial  statements,  in  conformity  with  IFRS,  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical 
accounting estimates.  It also  requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying 
KRM22’s accounting policies.   The areas involving a higher degree of judgement  or complexity, or areas 
where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements, are disclosed in 
note 4. 

Adoption of new and revised standards 

There are no new standards impacting the Group that have been adopted in the annual financial statements 
for the year ended 31 December 2020, which have given rise to material changes in the Group's accounting 
policies. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
67 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Standards, amendments and interpretations to published standards not yet effective 

There are a number of new standards and amendments to and interpretations of existing standards, which 
have been published and are not yet mandatory and which the Group has decided not to adopt early, as 
below: 

Effective date for 
annual periods 
beginning 
on/after 

Issue 
date 

Expected 
impact 

Amendments to IAS 1: Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current 
(not EU endorsed) 

23-Jan-20 

01-Jan-23 

None 

Basis of consolidation 

The  financial  information  represents  the  consolidated  financial  information  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries (‘KRM22’, the ‘Group’) as if they are formed as a single entity.  Intercompany transactions and 
balances  between  KRM22  companies  are  therefore  eliminated  in  full.    The  results  of  subsidiary 
undertakings  are  included  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  from  the  date  that 
control commences until the date that control ceases.  The Company controls a subsidiary if all three of 
the following elements are present: 

•  power over the investee; 
•  exposure to variable returns from the investee; and 
• 

the ability of the investor to use its power to affect those variable returns. 

Control is reassessed whenever facts and circumstances indicate that there may be a change in any of 
these elements of control.  In assessing control, KRM22 takes into consideration potential voting rights that 
are currently exercisable. 

On  19  April  2018,  KRM22  Plc,  a  company  under  common  control  of  the  KRM22  Central  Limited 
shareholders, acquired KRM22 Central Limited from its shareholders in return for an issue of shares.  As a 
combination of entities under common control, the transaction falls outside the scope of the standard IFRS 
3 ‘Business Combinations’. 

Paragraph  10  of  IAS8  Accounting  Policies,  Changes  in  Accounting  Estimates  and  Errors  requires 
management to use its judgement in developing and applying a policy that is relevant, reliable, represents 
faithfully the transaction, reflects the economic substance of the transaction, is neutral, is  prudent and is 
complete in all material respects when selecting appropriate methodology for consolidation accounting. 

In  the  absence  of  IFRS  guidance,  KRM22  has  applied  merger  accounting  in  accordance  with  ‘FRS102: 
Section 19 Business Combinations and Goodwill’, as the business combination meets the requirements set 
out in paragraph 27, namely: 

• 

• 

the  use  of  the  merger  accounting  method  is  not  prohibited  by  company  law  or  other  relevant 
legislation; 
the ultimate equity holders remain the same, and the rights of each equity shareholder, relative to 
others before and after the acquisition are unchanged; and 

•  no non-controlling interest in the net assets of KRM22 is altered by the transfer. 

In  accordance  with  merger  accounting,  consolidated  accounts  have  been  prepared  for  the  restructured 
Group  as  if  it  has  always  been  in  existence.    The  carrying  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  have  not  been 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
68 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

adjusted to fair value.  The difference between the nominal value of the shares issued and the nominal value 
of the shares received has been recorded in the merger reserve. 

3.  Accounting policies 

Going concern 

These financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis.  The Directors have reviewed 
the Company and KRM22’s going concern position taking into account of its current business activities, 
budgeted  performance  and  the  factors  likely  to  affect  its  future  development,  which  are  set  out  in  this 
Annual Report, and include KRM22’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital, its financial 
risk management objectives and its exposure to credit and liquidity risks.  

The Group and Company meets their day-to-day working capital requirements through cash generated from 
the capital it has raised on AIM, and a Convertible Loan facility with Kestrel Partners LLP (“Kestrel”).  On 15 
September 2020 KRM22 signed a three-year convertible loan agreement with Kestrel for £3.0m with some 
proceeds of the loan being used to settle the existing Debt Facility with.  At 31 December 2020 KRM22 had 
£2.0m of cash at bank and debt due to Kestrel of £3.0m (gross).  

The Directors have undertaken a significant assessment of the cashflow forecasts covering a period of at 
least twelve months from the date of approval of the financial statements.  Cashflow forecasts have been 
prepared based on a range of scenarios including, but not limited to, existing customer churn at different 
churn rates, no new contracted sales revenue, delayed sales, cost reductions and a combination of these 
different scenarios.   

Having assessed the sensitivity analysis on cashflows, the key risks to KRM22 remaining a going concern 
without implementing extensive cost reduction measures is, existing customers paying on payment terms 
and within 45 days of invoice, customer churn of up to 10%, conversion of some of the sales opportunities 
that are currently at contract negotiation stage and maintaining control of the cost base.   

If the forecasts are achieved, KRM22 will be able to operate within its existing facilities.  However, the time 
to close new customers and the value of each customer, which are deemed individually as high value and 
low volume, is key.  As such, there is a risk that KRM22’s working capital may prove insufficient to cover 
both operating activities and the repayment of its debt facility.  In such circumstances, KRM22 would be 
obliged to seek additional funding, through a placement of shares or other source of funding.  There is no 
certainty that such funds could be raised. 

The  Directors  have  concluded  that  the  circumstances  set  forth  above  represent  a  material  uncertainty, 
which may cast significant doubt about the Company and KRM22’s ability to continue as a going concern.  
However the Directors expect to be able to raise funds through a placement of shares or other source of 
funding and believe that taken as a whole, the factors described above enable the Company and KRM22 to 
continue  as  a  going  concern  for the  foreseeable future,  being  twelve  months  from  their signing  of  their 
financial statements.  The financial statements do not include the adjustments that would be required if the 
Company and Group were unable to continue as a going concern. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
69 

Revenue recognition 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Revenue comprises recurring revenue, non-recurring revenue and other revenue and is stated exclusive of 
VAT and sales tax. 

All  revenue  is  only  recognised to the extent  when  services  have  been  delivered  and  the  revenue  can  be 
reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made.  Revenue is measured at the fair value 
of the consideration received or receivable. 

The following specific recognition criteria are applied to each revenue stream: 

Recurring revenue 

Recurring revenue comprises Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) license fees which give the licensee a 
right to access the software for a fixed period of time together with ongoing post-contract customer 
support  services  comprising  customer  support  (including  designated  contacts,  telephone  and 
onsite support), hosting and maintenance services, enhancements and minor and major upgrades.  
All of the post-contract customer support services are bundled into one service and are not readily 
distinguishable in terms of apportioning the license fee between its constituent parts. 

In applying the principles of IFRS15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’ the Directors consider 
that SaaS licenses provide the customer with a right to access the software over a period of time 
and  that  revenue  generated  from  sales  of  software  licenses  is  recognised  over  the  term  of  the 
license. 

Where license fees are invoiced in advance, the income is deferred and released over the term of 
the  license  with  the  balance  recorded  within  accruals  and  deferred  income  in  the  statement  of 
financial position. 

Non-recurring revenue 

Non-recurring revenue comprises one-off pieces of work including implementation fees related to 
initial set-up services and ad-hoc development services which are outside the scope of post-contract 
customer services covered by the license fee. 

Where implementation fees have only been partially completed at the statement of financial position 
date, revenue represents the value of service provided to date based on completed implementations 
as  defined  in  the  contract.    Where  payments  have  been  received  from  customers  in  advance  of 
services provided, the amounts are recorded within accruals and deferred income in the statement 
of financial position.  The implementation fee is a distinct obligation and therefore recognised at a 
point in time. 

Other revenue 

Other revenue comprises miscellaneous revenue that is not part of providing SaaS services, either 
as  recurring  revenue  or  non-recurring  implementation  fees,  and  is  not  part  of  KRM22’s  core 
business.    Turnover  represents  the  value  of  service  provided  and  where  payments  have  been 
received from customers in advance of services provided, the amounts are recorded within accruals 
and deferred income in the statement of financial position.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
70 

Deferred revenue 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

At 31 December 2020, the balance of deferred revenue was £1.5m (2019: £1.1m) and this will be 
released to the income statement in full within one year of the statement of financial position date. 

Operating segments 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Group’s 
chief  operating  decision  maker  (CODM).    The  CODM,  who  is  responsible  for  allocating  resources  and 
assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer. 

Business combinations and goodwill 

KRM22 applies the acquisition method to account for business combinations.  The consideration transferred 
for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair values of the assets transferred, the liabilities assumed by the 
former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by KRM22.  The  consideration transferred 
includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. 

Identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, and liabilities assumed are measured initially at their fair values 
at the acquisition date.  Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the 
amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquired entity measured on the proportionate net asset basis, 
over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  If, 
after reassessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed  exceeds  the  sum  of  the  consideration transferred, the excess is recognised immediately in the 
income statement as a bargain purchase gain. 

After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.   For the 
purposes of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, 
allocated to the KRM22’s cash-generating unit that is expected to benefit from the combination, irrespective 
of whether other assets of liabilities of the acquiree are assigned to that unit. 

Intangible assets 

Research expenditure is expensed to the income statement in the year in which it is incurred.  Expenditure 
on internal projects is capitalised if it can be demonstrated that: 

it is technically and commercially feasible to develop the asset for future economic benefit; 

• 
•  adequate resources are available to maintain and complete the development; 
•  KRM22 is able to use the asset; 
•  use of the asset will generate future economic benefit; 
•  expenditure on the development of the asset can be measured reliably; and 
• 
it is KRM22’s intention to complete the development and use or sell it. 

Other development expenditure is recognised in the income statement as an expense as incurred. 

Capitalised  development  expenditure  is  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortisation  and  less 
accumulated impairment losses. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
71 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of 
intangible assets.  Intangibles assets are amortised from the date they are available for use.  The estimated 
useful lives are as follows: 

Acquired software 

Capitalised development costs 

Customer contracts and relationships 

Brand (including trademarks)   

- 

- 

- 

- 

straight line over 5 - 10 years 

straight line over 3 years 

straight line over 10 years 

straight line over 3 - 10 years 

The basis for choosing these useful lives is with  reference to the years over which they can continue to 
generate value for KRM22. 

Amortisation charges are included within administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of income 
statement.    KRM22  reviews  the  amortisation  year  and  methodology  when  events  and  circumstances 
indicate that the useful life may have changed since the last reporting date. 

Property, plant and equipment 

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  initially  measured  at  historical  cost  and  subsequently  measured  at 
historical cost, net of depreciation and any impairment losses. 

Depreciation  on  other  assets  is  calculated  on  a  straight-line  method  to  allocate  their  cost  or  revalued 
amounts to their residual values over their estimated useful lives, as follows: 

Fixtures and fittings 

Office and computer equipment     

- 

- 

straight line over 4 years 

straight line over 4 years 

The  gain  or  loss  arising  on  the  disposal  of  an  asset  is  determined  as  the  difference  between  the  sale 
proceeds and the carrying value of the asset and is recognised in the income statement. 

Right of use assets 

KRM22 recognises right of use assets for all applicable leases at the lease liability commencement date. 
The right of use asset is initially measured at cost, and consists of the amount of: 

the initial measurement of lease liability, plus 

• 
•  any lease payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date, less 
•  any lease incentives received; 
• 
the initial estimation of restoration costs; and 
•  any initial direct costs incurred by the lessee. 

Depreciation on right of use assets is calculated on a straight line method over the lease term. 

Non-current assets 

The Company’s interests in subsidiaries are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost 
less accumulated impairment losses. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
72 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Impairment of tangible and intangibles assets 

All  tangible  and  intangible  assets  are  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  might  not  be  recoverable.    An  impairment  loss  is 
recognised  for the  amount  by  which  the  asset’s carrying  amount exceeds  its recoverable  amount.    The 
recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use.  For the 
purposes  of  assessing  impairment,  assets  are  grouped  at  the  lowest  levels  for  which  there  are  largely 
independent cash inflows or Cash Generating Units (CGUs). 

Financial assets 

Financial assets are recognised in KRM22 and the Company’s statement of financial position when KRM22 
and  the  Company  becomes  party  to  the  contractual  provisions  of  the  instrument.    Under  IFRS  9  the 
classification of financial assets is based both on the business model and cash flow type under which the 
assets are held.  There are three principal classification categories for financial assets: amortised cost; fair 
value through other comprehensive income; and fair value through profit or loss.  KRM22 has not classified 
any of its financial assets as fair value through other comprehensive income. 

Amortised cost 

These  assets  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  held  under  the  ‘held  to  collect’  business  model  and 
attracting cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest.  They comprise trade and other 
receivables and cash and cash equivalents.  They are initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs 
and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less provision for 
impairment. 

Impairment provisions for trade and other receivables are calculated using an expected credit loss model.  
Under  this  model,  impairment  provisions  are  recognised  to  reflect  expected  credit  losses  based  on  a 
combination  of  historic  and  forward-looking  information,  the  amount  of  such  a  provision  being  the 
difference  between  the  net  carrying  amount  and  the  present  value  of  the  future  expected  cash  flows 
associated with the impaired receivable.  For trade receivables, which are reported net; such provisions are 
recorded in a separate allowance account.  On confirmation that the trade receivable will not be collectable, 
the gross carrying value of the asset is written off against the associated provision. 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks and other short term highly 
liquid investments with maturities of three months or less. 

Financial liabilities 

Financial  liabilities  are  classified  as  either  financial  liabilities  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  or  other 
financial liabilities. 

(a) Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities are stated at fair  value with differences taken to the consolidated income statement.  
Interest on financial liabilities up to maturity are included as a finance expense in the consolidated income 
statement. 

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or is a derivative 
(except for effective hedge) or are designated upon initial recognition as FVTPL. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
73 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Gains or Losses, including any interest expense on liabilities held for trading or a derivative, are recognised 
in the consolidated income statement. 

(b) Trade and other payables 

Trade  payables  and  other  payables  are  not  interest  bearing  and  are  stated  at  their  full  value  on  initial 
recognition.    For  disclosure  purposes,  the  fair  values  of  trade  and  other  payables  are  estimated  at  the 
present value of future cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date.  As trade 
payables and other payables are short term in nature at the reporting date, the carrying value is considered 
to be a reasonable approximation of fair value. 

(c) Other financial liabilities 

Other financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs.  They are subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, with interest  recognised on an effective 
rate basis. 

Fair value measurement  

Fair value is measured using the following fair value hierarchy that reflects the significance of the inputs 
used in making the measurements. The different levels can be defined as follows: 

•  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; 
•  Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within level that are observable for the asset or 

liability, either directly (i.e. prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and 

•  Level  3:  inputs  for the  asset  or  liability  that  are  based  on  observable  market  data  (unobservable 

inputs). 

Taxation 

The tax expense represents the sum of tax currently payable and deferred tax. 

(a)  Current tax 

Any current tax payable is based on taxable profit for the year.  Taxable profit differs from net profit as 
reported in the income statement because it excludes certain items of income or expense that are either 
taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible.  The 
Company’s liability  for  current  tax  is  calculated using  tax  rates that  have been enacted or  substantively 
enacted by the reporting end date. 

Companies  within  the  group  may  be  entitled  to  claim  special  tax  allowances  in  relation  to  qualifying 
research and development expenditure, e.g. R&D tax credits.  The Group accounts for such allowances as 
tax credits which means they are recognised when it is probable that the benefit will flow to the group and 
that the benefit can be reliably measured.  R&D tax credits reduce current tax expense and, to the extent the 
amounts  are  due in  respect of  them  and not settled by the statement of  financial position  date,  reduce 
current tax payable. 

(b)  Deferred tax 

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation 
of  taxable  profit  and  is  accounted  for  using  the  liability  method.    Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  generally 
recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
74 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be 
utilised.  Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or 
the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and other liabilities in a transaction 
that affects neither the tax profit or loss nor the accounting profit or loss. 

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent 
that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset 
to be recovered.  Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the 
liability is settled or the asset is realised.  Deferred tax is charged or credited to the income statement, 
except  when  it relates  to items  charged  or credited  directly  to ‘other  comprehensive income’,  in which 
case the deferred tax is dealt with in ‘other comprehensive income’.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
offset when the Company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and 
the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority. 

Provisions 

Provisions are recognised when KRM22 has a legal or constructive present obligation as a result of a past 
event, it is probable that KRM22 will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made 
of the amount of KRM22’s obligation. 

The  amount  recognised  as  a  provision  is  the  best  estimate  of  the  consideration  required  to  settle  the 
present obligation at the reporting end date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the 
obligation.  Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, 
its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. 

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from 
a  third  party,  a  receivable  is  recognised  as  an  asset  if  it  is  virtually  certain  that  reimbursement  will  be 
received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably. 

Employee benefits 

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and as an expense, unless those 
costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of inventories or non-current assets.  The cost of 
any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the year in which the employee’s services are received. 

Retirement benefits 

KRM22  operates  a  defined  contribution  plan,  under  which  KRM22  pays  contributions  to  independently 
administered pension plans on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis.  KRM22 has no further payment 
obligations once the contributions have been paid.  The contributions are recognised as an employee benefit 
expense in the income statement when they are due. 

Share-based payments 

The Company issues equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees and these payments are 
measured at fair value (excluding the effect of non-market-based vesting conditions) at the date of the grant 
using appropriate pricing models.  The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-
based  payments  is  expensed  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  vesting  period,  based  on  the  Company’s 
estimate  of  shares  that  will  eventually  vest  and  adjusted  for  the  effect  of  non-market-based  vesting 
conditions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
75 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

At  the  date  of  each  statement of  financial  position,  the  Company  revises  its estimate  of  the number  of 
equity instruments that are expected to become exercisable.  It recognises the impact of the revision of 
original estimates, if any, in the income statement, and a corresponding adjustment is made to equity over 
the remaining vesting period.  The fair value of the awards and ultimate expense are not adjusted on a 
change in market vesting conditions during the vesting period. 

The value of share-based payment is taken directly to reserves and the charge for the period is recorded in 
the income statement. 

KRM22’s scheme, which awards shares in the parent entity, includes recipients who are employees in all 
subsidiaries.  In the consolidated financial statements, the transaction is treated as an equity-settled share-
based  payment,  as  KRM22  has  received  services  in  consideration  for  KRM22’s  equity  instruments.    An 
expense is recognised in the Group income statement for the fair value of share-based payment over the 
vesting year, with a credit recognised in equity. 

In the subsidiaries’ financial statements, the awards, in proportion to the recipients who are employees in 
said subsidiary, are treated as an equity-settled share-based payment, as the subsidiaries do not have an 
obligation to settle the award.  An expense for the grant date fair value of the award is recognised over the 
vesting  period,  with  a  credit  recognised  in  equity.    The  credit  is  treated  as  a  capital  contribution, as  the 
parent  is  compensating  the  subsidiaries’  employees  with  no  cost  to  the  subsidiaries  as  there  is  no 
expectation to recharge the cost. In the parent company’s financial statements, there is no share-based 
payment charge where the recipients are employed by a subsidiary, with the parent company recognising 
an increase in the investment in the subsidiaries as a capital contribution from the parent and a credit to 
equity. 

Earnings per share 

Earnings per share are calculated by dividing profit or loss after tax attributable to equity shareholders of 
the parent company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period. 

Diluted earnings per share requires that the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue is adjusted 
to assume conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.  These arise from awards made under share-
based incentive schemes.  Instruments that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future 
have been considered but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they 
are  anti-dilutive  for  the  periods  presented.    This  is  due  to  the  KRM22  incurring  losses  on  continuing 
operations for the year. 

Leases 

Under IFRS16 ‘Leases’, KRM22 recognises a lease liability at the commencement date of the lease at an 
amount equal to the present value of the lease payments during the lease term that are not yet paid.  The 
present value of the lease payments is based on applying a discount rate which is either the interest rate 
implicit in the lease or the incremental borrowing rate.  The interest rate is treated as an interest expense 
and charged to the income statement. 

KRM22 also recognises a right of use asset at the lease liability commencement date and is measured at 
cost as detailed in the Right of use assets accounting policy.  The right of use asset is depreciated over the 
term of the lease. 

Where a lease has less than twelve months until the lease expiry date  from the date of commencement, 
KRM22  continues  to  classify  these  as  operating  leases  and  are  charged  as  an  expense  to  the  income 
statement on a straight line basis. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
76 

Foreign currency 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Foreign currency transactions are translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of transactions.  
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at rates of exchange at the 
statement  of  financial  position  date.    Any  gain  or  loss  arising  from  a  change  in  the  exchange  rates  of 
exchange subsequent to the date of the transaction is included as a gain or loss in the income statement. 

The statement of financial position of the foreign subsidiaries are translated into Sterling at the exchange 
rate at the year end.  The results of foreign subsidiaries are translated into Sterling at the  average rate of 
exchange during the financial year.  Exchange differences which arise from the translation of opening net 
assets or the foreign subsidiary undertakings are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income and transferred to the KRM22’s translation reserve. 

Descriptions of nature of each component of equity 

The components of KRM22’s equity can be described as follows: 

•  Share capital – The amount for the nominal value of shares issued. 
•  Share  premium  –  The  amount  subscribed  for  share  capital  in  excess  of  nominal  value  after 

deducting certain costs of issue. 

•  Foreign exchange reserve – This reserve relates to exchange differences arising on the translation 
of the statement of financial position of the KRM22’s foreign operations at the closing rate and the 
translation of the income statement of those operations at the average rate. 

•  Merger reserve – See note 2. 
•  Convertible debt reserve – This relates to the residual amount of any liability component from the 
fair  value  of  debt  instruments  as  a  whole  where  the  debt  instrument  includes  a  liability  and 
embedded equity feature. 

•  Share-based payment (SBP) reserve – This relates to the fair value of share options and warrants 

determined at the grant date of the equity- settled share-based payments. 

•  Retained  deficit  –  The  net  gains  and  losses  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 

comprehensive  income. 

4.  Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty 

IAS 1 requires disclosure of the judgements, apart from those involving estimations, that management has 
made in the process of applying the entity’s accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the 
amounts recognised in the financial statements. 

In the application of KRM22 and Company’s accounting policies, the Directors are required to make certain 
judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not 
readily apparent from other sources.  The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical 
experience  and  other  factors  that  are  considered  to  be  relevant.    Actual  results  may  differ  from  these 
estimates.  The Directors believe that there are five areas within the financial statements which constitute 
critical accounting judgements as follows: 

I. 

Contingent consideration 

When  KRM22  acquires  subsidiary  undertakings,  the  total  consideration  to  be  paid  can  include  a 
combination of initial cash consideration, Company ordinary shares and contingent consideration 
that  can  be  settled  in  either  in  the  form  of  cash  or  Company  ordinary  shares  at  the  Company’s 
discretion. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
77 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The contingent consideration is dependent on the acquired subsidiary undertaking achieving certain 
performance conditions at a future date and as specified in the relevant share purchase agreement.  
As the performance  conditions are  based on a future  date, management are  required to  apply  a 
significant amount of judgement in determining the likelihood of whether the performance criteria 
will be  achieved. 

II. 

Revenue 

The allocation and timing of the recognition of revenue requires management judgement.  Contracts 
can  include  both  the  sale  of  licences  and  the  provision  of  services  including  integration  and 
development.   

The  point  at  which  the  significant  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  transfer  is  dependent  on  the 
contractual terms and on this basis an analysis is made of each separable component of revenue.  
In respect of a licence, this would usually be across the license term as the license is deemed  to 
provide a ‘right of access’ to the customer.  In respect of provision of services and integration and 
development  this  would  usually  be  the  period  of  time  in  which  the  integration  and  development 
services were completed. 

III. 

Capitalisation of development costs 

Development  costs  are  capitalised  based  on  an  assessment  on  whether  they  meet  the  criteria 
specified in IAS 38 for capitalisation.  During each reporting period, an assessment is performed by 
management to determine time spent developing the intangible assets as a proportion of total time 
spent in the year.  This represents an area of judgement and impacts the value of intangible costs 
capitalised. 

IV. 

Leases 

The recognition of leases in line with IFRS 16 requires significant judgement around the interest rate 
used to calculate the discount rate of the present value of future cash flows. 

V. 

Business combinations 

The valuation of contingent consideration based on the future performance of acquired businesses 
relies upon significant judgments made by management. 

In addition, IAS 1 requires disclosure of information about the assumptions the entity makes about 
the future, and other major sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that 
have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities within the next financial year.  In respect of those assets and liabilities, the notes to the 
financial statements include details of their nature and carrying amount at the end of the reporting 
period. 

In addition, judgments are made around the fair value of certain  acquired assets to disclose their 
fair value, based on areas such as expected credit risk of assumptions around performance. 

VI. 

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets 

The Group has carried out an impairment review of its cash generating unit (“CGU”) and recognised 
an impairment loss on goodwill and trademarks in the year.  The recoverable amount of the CGU is 
based on estimates of future cash flows discounted using an appropriate discount rate.  Estimates 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
78 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

of future cash flows are inherently uncertain as the long-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on 
the general economy is unclear.  To take account of this uncertainty, management have used the 
“expected cash flow approach” which involves probability weighting several alternate scenarios. 

It is possible that changes in economic conditions or deviations in actual performance from forecast 
could result in a material adjustment to the carrying value of the CGU within the next financial year.  
The key estimates made by management are set out in note 12.  The information in note 12 given 
on  each  scenario  also  provides  an  indication  of  the  amount  of  any  further  impairment  for  other 
reasonably possible outcomes. 

5.  Segmental reporting 

The  Board  of  Directors,  as  the  chief  operating  decision  maker  in  accordance  with  IFRS  8  Operating 
Segments, has determined that KRM22 have identified five risk domains as operating segments, however 
for reporting purposes into a single global business unit and operates as a single operating segment, as the 
nature of services delivered are common. 

The internal management accounting information has been prepared in accordance with IFRS but has a 
non-GAAP ‘Adjusted EBITDA’ as a profit measure for the overall group.  This amount is reported on the face 
of the income statement. 

KRM22’s  revenue  from  external  customers  and  information  about  its  non-current  assets,  excluding 
deferred tax, by geography is detailed below: 

UK 
Europe 
USA 
Rest of world 
Total 

2020 
Revenue 
£’000 
990 
763 
2,383 
458 
4,594 

2020 
Non-current 
assets 
£’000 
3,973 
1,911 
3,294 
1 
9,179 

2019 
Revenue 
£’000 
422 
798 
2,489 
434 
4,143 

2019 
Non-current 
assets 
£’000 
5,151 
2,463 
5,531 
1 
13,146 

The Directors consider that the business has five risk domains: Enterprise, Market, Compliance, Operations 
and Technology as is described in Strategic Report.  Within these five risk domains, there are three revenue 
streams with different characteristics, which are generated from the same assets and cost base. 

For the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019, no customer generated more than 10% of total revenue.   

Non-current assets include goodwill and intangible assets recognised on consolidation and are classified 
by  reference  to  the  geographical  location  of  the  KRM22  group  company  which  initially  acquired  the 
acquiree. 

Recurring revenue is recognised over the period of time and non-recurring revenue is recognised at a point 
in time.  Other revenue comprises miscellaneous revenue that is not part of KRM22’s core business.  

Recurring revenue 
Non-recurring revenue 
Other revenue 
Total revenue 

2020 
£’000 
4,193 
401 
– 
4,594 

2019 
£’000 
3,753 
305 
85 
4,143 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

79 

Enterprise 
Market 
Compliance 
Other 
Total 

6.  Operating loss 

2020 
£’000 
420 
2,476 
1,673 
25 
4,594 

2020 
£’000 
93 
577 
1,018 
3,022 
401 
430 
(342) 
(677) 
(381) 
23 
260 

2019 
£’000 
81 
2,447 
1,530 
85 
4,143 

2019 
£’000 
92 
495 
672 
2,344 
413 
527 
(1,493) 
– 
– 
41 
111 

Operating loss for the year has been arrived at after charging the following: 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation of right of use assets 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Acquisition and debt expenses (refer to note below) 
Company reorganisation costs (refer to note below) 
Contingent consideration written back (refer to note below) 
Gain on extinguishment of debt (net) (refer to note below) 
Deferred salary bonus accrual write back 
Operating lease costs 
Foreign currency exchange losses 

I. 

II. 

III. 

Acquisition and debt related costs 
Total  acquisition  and  debt  related  costs  in  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  of  £0.4m  (2019: 
£0.4m) were recognised and related to the acquisition of the remaining 40% shareholding in KRM22 
Market Surveillance and the replacement of the Harbert Debt Facility with the Kestrel Convertible 
Loan facility. 

Company reorganisation costs  
Reorganisation costs in the year ended 31 December 2020 of £0.4m (2019: £0.5m) were recognised 
and  related  to  staff  redundancy  costs  as  a  result  of  KRM22  scaling  back  certain  business 
operations. 

Contingent consideration write back 
A contingent consideration write back of £0.3m (2019: £1.5m) was recognised in connection the 
write  back  of  previously  recognised  contingent  consideration  associated  with  the  acquisition  of 
Object+.    The  Directors  believe  that  the  second  tranche  of  contingent  consideration  will  not  be 
payable and, as detailed in note 29, part of value of the third tranche of contingent consideration 
was reduced.  The Directors have therefore written back this element of consideration from the fair 
value of the total consideration that could have been paid under the terms of the share purchase 
agreement. 

The contingent consideration write back recognised in the year ended 31 December 2019 was in 
connection with the acquisition of KRM22 ProOpticus.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
80 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

IV.  Gain on extinguishment of debt (net) 

On  15  April  2020,  £1.3m  of  debt  due  from  KRM22  Market  Surveillance  to  Cinnober  Financial 
Technology AB (“Cinnober”) was settled through the issue of a £0.6m convertible loan note (“CLN) 
provided by KRM22 to Cinnober which resulted in  the recognition of a gain on extinguishment of 
debt in the year ended 31 December 2020 of £0.7m (2019: £nil).  

V. 

Deferred salary bonus accrual write back 
Total accrued salary bonuses of £0.4m were written back during the year ended 31 December 2020 
(2019: £nil) and resulted from employees waiving any entitlement to bonuses accrued in the year 
ended 31 December 2019 in exchange for the grant of share options (see note 24).  The bonuses 
were in connection with a deferred salary bonus scheme between KRM22 and certain employees in 
the year ended 31 December 2019.  

7.  Auditor’s remuneration 

For audit services 
      Audit of the financial statements of the Company 
      Audit of the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries 

For other services 
      Tax services of the Company 
      Tax services for the Company’s subsidiaries 
      Tax services around acquisitions 

8.  Employee information 

2020 
£’000 

95 
8 
103 

12 
14 
2 
28 

2019 
£’000 

115 
13 
128 

8 
15 
3 
26 

I. 

Employee numbers 
The average monthly number of people, including Executive Directors, employed by KRM22 during 
the year was as follows: 

UK 
Europe 
USA 
Rest of world 
Total 

II. 

Employee benefits 
The aggregate payroll cost of these persons were as follows: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Pension costs to defined contribution schemes 
Share-based payments 
Total 

2020 
No. 
22 
17 
11 
2 
52 

2020 
£’000 
2,520 
85 
101 
886 
3,592 

2019 
No. 
35 
20 
15 
2 
72 

2019 
£’000 
3,818 
189 
175 
1,021 
5,203 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
81 

III. 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Directors’ remuneration 
The remuneration of the Directors, who also represent the key management personnel of KRM22, 
during the year was as follows: 

Remuneration for qualifying services 
Pension contributions to defined contribution schemes 
Share-based payments 
Total 

2020 
£’000 
155 
3 
574 
732 

2019 
£’000 
603 
12 
860 
1,475 

Full  details  of  Directors’  remuneration  is  presented  in  the  Remuneration  Committee  report  on  page  39.  
Remuneration disclosed above includes the following amounts paid to the highest paid director: 

Remuneration for qualifying services 
Total 

2020 
£’000 
61 
61 

2019 
£’000 
228 
228 

The number of Directors for whom retirement benefits are accruing under defined contribution schemes 
amounted to 1 (2019: 1). 

9.  Finance expense 

Interest income 
Interest expense on financial liabilities 
Interest expense on lease liabilities 
Net finance expense 

10. Taxation 

Current tax 
UK Corporation tax at 19% on loss for the year (2019: 19%) 
Prior year adjustment to deferred tax 
Research and Development tax credits 
Total current tax 

Deferred tax 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Intangible assets recognised on acquisition 
Total deferred tax (note 21) 
Total tax credit 

2020 
£’000 
(5) 
243 
86 
324 

2020 
£’000 

– 
11 
(121) 
(110) 

(14) 
(122) 
(136) 
(246) 

2019 
£’000 
(1) 
101 
96 
196 

2019 
£’000 

– 
(28) 
(562) 
(590) 

(37) 
(165) 
(202) 
(792) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
82 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The tax expense differs from the standard rate of corporate tax in the UK for the year of 19% for the following 
reasons: 

Losses before tax 
Loss before tax based on corporation tax 19% (2019: 19%) 
Accelerated capital allowances 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Intangible assets recognised on acquisition 
Adjustments to brought forward values 
Losses carried forward 
Total tax credit 

2020 
£’000 
(5,740) 
(1,091) 
(14) 
78 
(122) 
11 
892 
(246) 

2019 
£’000 
(7,317) 
(1,390) 
(37) 
86 
(165) 
(28) 
742 
(792) 

For information on the Group’s total available tax losses, see note 21.  

11. Loss per share 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the loss attributable to the equity holders of KRM22 by 
the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year. 

KRM22 has dilutive ordinary shares, this being warrants, restricted stock awards and share options granted 
to employees.  As KRM22 has incurred a loss in the year, the diluted loss per share is the same as the basic 
earnings per share as the loss has an anti-dilutive effect. 

Loss for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent 
Basic weighted average number of shares in issue 
Diluted weighted average number of shares in issue 

12. Intangible assets 

2020 
£’000 
(5,879) 
24,414,093 
33,256,848 
(24.1p) 

2019 
£’000 
(5,648) 
18,552,176 
25,933,265 
(30.4p) 

Goodwill on 
Consolidation 
£’000 

Acquired 
software and 
related assets 
£’000 

Trademarks 
and licences 
£’000 

Capitalised 
development 
costs 
£’000 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 
Accumulated amortisation 
At 1 January 2020 
Amortisation for the year 
Impairment charge for the year 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 

At 31 December 2019 

7,667 
– 
– 
(11) 
7,656 

– 
– 
2,719 
– 
– 
2,719 

7,667 

2,856 
– 
– 
(4) 
2,852 

640 
451 
– 
– 
(6) 
1,085 

2,216 

At 31 December 2020 

4,937 

1,767 

704 
– 
(169) 
(19) 
516 

180 
80 
303 
(38) 
(9) 
516 

524 

– 

Total 
£’000 

14,547 
959 
(169) 
(36) 
15,301 

3,318 
1,018 
3,022 
(38) 
(21) 
7,299 

3,320 
959 
– 
(2) 
4,277 

2,498 
487 
– 
– 
(6) 
2,979 

822 

11,229 

1,298 

8,002 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
83 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Goodwill that arose in prior periods is not amortised.  Impairment testing is carried out at Cash Generating 
Units (CGU) level on an annual basis. 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020,  the  Group’s  share  price  declined  and  management  are  now 
projecting lower revenue growth than that used in last year’s impairment assessment.  Accordingly, the 
Company  has  reassessed  the  recoverability  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  and  this  resulted  in  an 
impairment of £3.0m. 

The Company has estimated the recoverable amount at £8.0m using a value-in-use model by projecting 
cashflows  for  the  next  five  years  together  with  a  terminal  value  using  a  growth  rate.    The  five-year 
projections  used  in  the  model  are  based  on  the  FY21  budget  approved  by  the  Directors.    Given  the 
uncertainty  involved  in  predicting  long-term  projections,  management  developed  expectations  of  future 
performance under a range of scenarios with different levels of future revenue growth.  The value in use 
was estimated by probability weighting the value in use under each scenario as summarised below. 

Scenario 
Upside 
Base case 
Downside 
Severe downside 
Probability weighted average 

Annual 
Revenue growth 
FY21 to FY25 
% 
23% 
18% 
11% 
5% 

Annual 
cost growth 
FY21 to FY25 
% 
5% 
3% 
2% 
1% 

Headroom/ 
Value in use 
£’000 
17,078 
11,044 
2,864 
(4,242) 
8,002 

(Impairment) 
£’000 
6,054 
20 
(8,160) 
(15,266) 
(3,022) 

Probability 
% 
8% 
55% 
30% 
7% 
100% 

The single most likely scenario assumed revenue growth of 18% per annum over the period (2019: 25%).  
The other key assumptions used were: 

•  The discount rate (WACC) of 12% (2019: 14%).  An increase of 1% in WACC rate would result in a 

£1.2m increase in the impairment required. 

•  Long-term growth rate of 1.5% (2019: 1.0%).  An increase of 1%, in the long-term growth rate would 

result in a £1.0m reduction in the impairment recognised 

13. Property, plant and equipment 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 
Accumulated depreciations 
At 1 January 2020 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 

Net book value at 31 December 2019 

Net book value at 31 December 2020 

Fixtures and 
fittings 
£’000 

Office 
equipment 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

261 
– 
(1) 
(4) 
256 

101 
66 
– 
(4) 
163 

160 

93 

129 
2 
(11) 
(1) 
119 

56 
27 
(7) 
– 
76 

73 

43 

390 
2 
(12) 
(5) 
375 

157 
93 
(7) 
(4) 
239 

233 

136 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
84 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

14. Investment in subsidiaries 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
At 31 December 2020 
Carrying amount 
At 1 January 2020 
At 31 December 2020 

£’000 

2020 
£’000 

301 
188 
489 

301 
489 

2019 
£’000 
) 
£’000 
225 
76 
301 

225 
301 

The additions in 2020 represents share capital contributions made to the Company’s subsidiaries in respect 
of  the  share  option  expense  recognised  on  share  options  issued  by  the  Company  to  employees  of  the 
appropriate subsidiaries.  The capital contribution transaction is a non-cash transaction. 

Details of the Company’s subsidiaries at 31 December 2020 are as follows: 

Name of undertaking 

Registered office 

KRM22 Central Limited *  

KRM22 Development Limited 

KRM22 Development Spain SL** 

KRM22 Singapore Pte Limited 

KRM22 Americas Inc. 

KRM22 ProOpticus LLC 

KRM22 Netherlands B.V. 

KRM22 Market Surveillance 
Limited 

5 Ireland Yard 
London, EC4V 5EH 
England 

5 Ireland Yard 
London, EC4V 5EH 
England 

Travessera de Gràcia, 11 
5th floor 
08021, Barcelona 
Spain 

10 Anson Road, #23-02 
International Plaza 
079903 
Singapore 

444 Madison Ave 
Suite 2801, New York 
NY, 10022 
USA 

111 West Jackson Blvd. 
Suite 1310, Chicago 
IL, 60604 
USA 

Max Euweplein 26 
1017MB, Amsterdam 
The Netherlands 

5 Ireland Yard 
London, EC4V 5EH 
England 

Ownership interest and 
voting rights 

Nature of business 

100% 

Administrative and sales 
company 

100% 

Development services 

100% 

Development services 

100% 

Sales company 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Administrative and sales 
company 

Administrative and sales 
company 

Non-trading intermediate 
holding company 

Administrative and sales 
company 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
85 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Name of undertaking 

Registered office 

Ownership interest and 
voting rights 

Nature of business 

Object+ Holding B.V. 

Object+ B.V. 

Object+ Financial Services B.V. 

Object+ Financial Products B.V. 

Object+ Americas LLC 

Max Euweplein 26 
1017MB, Amsterdam 
The Netherlands 

Max Euweplein 26 
1017MB, Amsterdam 
The Netherlands 

Max Euweplein 26 
1017MB, Amsterdam 
The Netherlands 

Max Euweplein 26 
1017MB, Amsterdam 
The Netherlands 

111 West Jackson Blvd. 
Suite 1310, Chicago 
IL, 60604 
USA 

*  Shares held directly by KRM22 Plc 
**  In liquidation 

15. Trade and other receivables 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Non-trading intermediate 
holding company 

Non-trading intermediate 
holding company 

Administrative and sales 
company 

Administrative and sales 
company 

100% 

Sales company 

Trade receivables disclosed below are classified as loans and receivables and are therefore measured at 
amortised cost. 

Amounts falling due within one year: 
     Trade receivables 
     Other receivables 
     Prepayments and accrued income 
Total trade and other receivables due within one year 
Amounts falling due after more than one year: 
     Amounts due from group undertakings 
     Other receivables 
Total trade and other receivables due in more than one year 

2020 
Group 
£’000 

980 
232 
222 
1,434 

– 
– 
– 

2020 
Company 
£’000 

2019 
Group 
£’000 

2019 
Company 
£’000 

– 
29 
47 
76 

737 
– 
737 

620 
243 
495 
1,358 

– 
42 
42 

– 
10 
280 
290 

1,297 
– 
1,297 

The carrying value of trade and other receivables approximates fair value. 

At  31  December  2020,  the  Group  had  trade  receivables  falling  due  within  one  year  of  £1.0m  including 
provisions of £0.3m (2019: £0.6m with provisions of £nil), other receivables falling due within one year of 
£0.2m including provisions of £0.03m (2019: £0.2m with provisions of £nil) and other receivables falling 
due after more than one year of £nil including provisions of £0.03m (2019: £0.04m with provisions of £nil).  
At 31 December 2020, the Company had amounts due from group undertakings falling due after more than 
one year of £0.7m including provisions of £6.2m (2019: £1.3m with provisions of £15.9m). 

KRM22 has elected to apply the simplified approach available under IFRS 9:5.5.15 for its trade receivables. 
KRM22’s trade receivables result from transactions in the scope of IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers’.  Under this simplified approach, a lifetime expected loss allowance is always recognised (both 
at initial recognition and throughout the life of the trade receivable). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
86 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

KRM22’s trade receivables have a short duration of less than twelve months, and do not have a contractual 
interest rate.  Therefore an EIR of zero has been applied to cash flows.  KRM22 has used a provision matrix 
to determine the lifetime ECL of the portfolio.  It is based on KRM22’s historical, observed default rates, and 
is adjusted by a forward looking estimate of future economic conditions. 

KRM22 group revenue was derived from organic customer growth and acquired customer growth through 
the previous acquisitions: KRM22 Market Surveillance, KRM22 ProOpticus and the Object+ Group.  Based 
on  historical  observed  default  rates  of  the  acquired  companies,  the  estimated  impairment  loss  is 
immaterial.  Furthermore, since acquisition the Group has managed customer credit risk in line with Group 
policy and outstanding receivables are actively monitored and discussed by management.   There are no 
doubts as to the future recoverability of these balances.  Therefore, any impairment would be immaterial. 

Amounts due from group undertakings have been classified as falling due after more than one year based 
on the agreed terms of repayment by subsidiaries in future periods.  The Company provides regular funding 
to KRM22 Central Limited at an appropriate interest rate of 8.14%.  The Directors consider the terms of the 
transaction to be at arm’s length. 

There are significant doubts as to the future recoverability of these intercompany balances, and as such, a 
provision for bad and doubtful debts of £6.2m (2019: £15.9m) has been raised against the amounts due 
from group undertakings in the Company statement of financial position and recorded as a charge in the 
Company income statement. 

16. Trade receivables – credit risk 

Aging of due and past due but not impaired receivables 
0 – 30 days 
31 – 60 days 
61 – 90 days 
91 – 120 days 
120 + days 
Total trade and other receivables due in less than one year 

17. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at banks and on hand 

2020 
£’000 
897 
9 
– 
– 
74 
980 

2019 
£’000 
566 
– 
51 
3 
– 
620 

2020 
Group 
£’000 
1,974 
1,974 

2020 
Company 
£’000 
157 
157 

2019 
Group 
£’000 
1,076 
1,076 

2019 
Company 
£’000 
88 
88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
87 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

18. Trade and other payables 

Amounts falling due within one year: 
     Bank overdraft 
     Trade payables 
     Accruals and deferred income 
     Social security and other taxation 
     Other payables 
Total due within one year 
Amounts falling due after more than one year: 
     Contingent consideration 
     Provision for dilapidations  
Total due in more than one year 

2020 
Group 
£’000 

2020 
Company 
£’000 

2019 
Group 
£’000 

2019 
Company 
£’000 

– 
373 
1,821 
253 
92 
2,539 

828 
54 
882 

– 
28 
89 
– 
33 
150 

– 
– 
– 

22 
867 
1,829 
131 
105 
2,954 

1,110 
69 
1,179 

– 
109 
117 
– 
140 
366 

– 
– 
– 

The fair value of trade and other payables are the same as the carrying values. 

Provisions for dilapidation for expected future expenditure in accordance with lease obligations are based 
on the Group’s best estimate of the likely committed cash outflow.  These costs are expected to be incurred 
at the end of the lease and therefore have been classified as non-current. 

19. Leases – right of use assets and lease liabilities 

Right of use assets  

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 
Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2020 
Depreciation charge for year 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 

Net book value at 31 December 2019 

Net book value at 31 December 2020 

Lease liabilities 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Interest expense 
Lease payments 
Foreign exchange movements 
At 31 December 2020 

Total 
£’000 

2,022 
(188) 
(52) 
1,782 

380 
577 
(188) 
(28) 
741 

1,642 

1,041 

Total 
£’000 

1,476 
86 
(548) 
(9) 
1,005 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
88 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The maturity of the lease liabilities is as follows: 

Amounts payable under leases 
     Within one year 
     In two to five years 

KRM22’s leases relate to various office leases held by subsidiary undertakings. 

20. Loans and borrowings 

Current 
Secured loans 

Non-Current 
Secured loans 
Unsecured loans 

2020 
£’000 

456 
549 
1,005 

2020 
£’000 

97 
97 

2,664 
– 
2,664 
2,761 

2019 
£’000 

488 
988 
1,476 

2019 
£’000 

388 
388 

435 
1,162 
1,597 
1,985 

The fair value of loans and borrowings are the same as the carrying values. 

On 15 September 2020, the Company entered into an agreement for a new three year £3.0m convertible 
loan facility (the “Convertible Loan”) with Kestrel Partners LLP (“Kestrel”).  The proceeds of the Convertible 
Loan were used to replace the Group’s existing secured debt facility (the “Debt Facility”) provided Harbert 
European Growth Capital Fund II (“Harbert”) to KRM22 Central Limited.  The outstanding balance of the 
Debt Facility, inclusive of loan principal, accrued interest and early repayment charges of 5%, was £0.8m.   

The interest rate payable on the Convertible Loan is 9.5% per annum, which compares favourably to the 
11% per annum interest rate on the Harbert Debt Facility, and is paid quarterly in arrears.  Kestrel can convert 
the Convertible Loan into new ordinary shares in the Company at any time at a conversion price of 38p.  The 
Company has the right to request conversion eighteen months following the date of the agreement, subject 
to certain conditions regarding the Company's share price at that time.  Kestrel has the right to prevent any 
conversion which would trigger a Rule 9 event under the Takeover Code. 

The Convertible Loan contains a host liability and embedded (fixed-for-fixed) equity conversion feature on 
the basis that there is a contractual cash obligation to pay quarterly interest and a requirement to repay the 
principal amount at the end of three-year Convertible Loan term, subject to the conversion option not being 
exercised by either Kestrel or KRM22.  The Convertible Loan is classified as being a compound financial 
instrument  and  on  this  basis  IAS  32  requires  that  the  Convertible  Loan  is  split  into  equity  and  liability 
components.  The fair value of the liability component, included in current and non-current borrowings, at 
initial recognition was calculated using a market interest rate that would apply to a stand-alone loan without 
a conversion feature (12.65%).  The equity component is assigned as the residual amount of £0.2m (see 
SOCE on page 62), by deducting the amount calculated for the liability component from the fair value of the 
instrument as a whole.  As the Convertible Loan is not quoted on an active market, the transaction price of 
£3.0m for the instrument is its fair value.  The carrying amount of the liability component of the Convertible 
Loan is adjusted for total transaction costs incurred of £0.1m. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
89 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Whilst the balance of the Debt Facility was settled during the year ended 31 December 2020, the warrants 
over 495,049 new ordinary shares in the Company, that were issued in conjunction with the Debt Facility, 
remain in place and are exercisable by Harbert until 29 April 2029.  The warrants are treated as a financial 
instrument and recorded at fair value as a current liability amounting to £0.04m (2019: £0.04m) (see note 
26). 

At 31 December 2019 KRM22 had an unsecured loan of £1.2m relating to shareholder loans provided to 
KRM22 Market Surveillance Limited (“KRM22 Market Surveillance”), a subsidiary of KRM22 Central Limited, 
by Cinnober Financial Technology AB (“Cinnober”) who owned 40% of the issued share capital of KRM22 
Market  Surveillance  at  31  December  2019.    The  shareholder  loans  provided  from  Cinnober  to  KRM22 
Market Surveillance were subject to an interest rate of 5% and the loan was repayable on 31 December 
2023.   

On 16 April 2020, the loan due to Cinnober from KRM22 Market Surveillance, which totalled £1.3m, was 
converted into ordinary shares in KRM22 Market Surveillance.  Immediately following the debt to equity 
conversion,  the  Company  acquired  the  remaining  40%  stake  in  KRM22  Market  Surveillance  for  a  total 
consideration of £0.6m payable to Cinnober by way of an unsecured convertible loan note (“CLN”) provided 
by KRM22 to Cinnober.  The interest rate payable on the loan was 8% per annum. 

On 28 June 2020, the CLN was converted into 1,454,434 new ordinary shares at 38.4p per share in the 
Company and therefore no cash consideration was paid to settle the CLN.  The settlement of £1.3m debt, 
through the issue of the CLN, resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of £0.7m (refer note 6) which 
has been recognised in the income statement for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

21. Deferred tax 

Deferred tax liability at 1 January 2019 
On acquisition 
Income statement credit 
Deferred tax liability at 31 December 2019 
Income statement (credit)  
Foreign exchange movements 
Deferred tax liability at 31 December 2020 

Intangible assets recognised 
on acquisition 
£’000 
559 
119 
(165) 
513 
(122) 
5 
396 

Accelerated capital 
allowances 
£’000 
60 
– 
(37) 
23 
(14) 
– 
9 

Total 
£’000 
619 
119 
(202) 
536 
(136) 
5 
405 

KRM22 has tax losses of £14.7m (2019: £13.6m) that are available for offset against future taxable profits 
of those subsidiary companies in which the tax losses arose.  Deferred tax assets have not been recognised 
in respect of these losses as they may not be used to offset taxable profits elsewhere in the Group and they 
have arisen in subsidiaries whose future taxable profits are uncertain.  The estimated value of the deferred 
tax asset not recognised is £2.9m (2019: £2.6m). 

In addition to the above operating tax losses, a potential deferred tax asset, could relate to pre-acquisition 
tax  losses  of  KRM22  ProOpticus.    The  availability  and  future  utilisation  of  these  losses  remains  under 
consideration, taking account of both its legacy ownership structure and Section  382  of  the  US  Internal 
Revenue Code, whereby the ability to utilise net operating losses arising prior to a change of ownership is 
limited to a percentage of the entity value of the entity at the date of change of ownership.  These potential 
operating  tax  losses  (and  related  potential  deferred  tax  asset)  have  not  been  included  in  the  available 
operating tax losses (and related deferred tax asset) owing to current uncertainties on their actual usability. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
90 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

A deferred tax liability of £0.4m (2019: £0.5m) has been recognised in relation to intangible assets of £2.9m 
(2019:  £3.3m)  that  arise  on  the  acquisition  of  KRM22  Market  Surveillance,  KRM22  ProOpticus  and  the 
Object+ group in prior periods. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in that jurisdiction 
in the year when the asset is realised or the liability settled, based on tax rates that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted at the statement of financial position date and therefore these have been measured 
at 19% UK and an effective rate of 23% on our overseas jurisdictions. 

22. Operating leases 

KRM22 operates from various leased properties around the world and the terms of property leases vary by 
location.  Any property leases that have less than twelve months at the date of inception until termination 
date are deemed to be short–term leases and recognised as operating leases. 

KRM22 has total minimum future lease commitments under non–cancellable operating leases as set out 
below: 

Due within one year 

23. Share capital 

Issue and fully paid 10p Ordinary shares 
At 1 January 
Issued for cash during the year* 
Issued for other consideration 
At 31 December 

2020 
£’000 
2 
2 

2020 
No. 

20,998,029 
4,266,664 
1,454,434 
26,719,127 

2020 
£’000 

2,100 
427 
145 
2,672 

2019 
No. 

16,376,388 
4,014,732 
606,909 
20,998,029 

2019 
£’000 
25 
25 

2019 
£’000 

1,638 
401 
61 
2,100 

The following movements in the ordinary share capital of the Company occurred during the year: 

•  On 14 May 2020, the Company issued 3,816,666 new ordinary shares of 10 pence each at a placing 
price of 30 pence per share through a placement and subscription.  On the same date a subscription 
was made for further 449,998 new ordinary shares of 10 pence each at a price of 30 pence per share, 
to be settled on completion of the requisite subscription paperwork.  The subscription was settled on 
27 May 2020.  The total number of shares issued as part of this share issue was 4,266,664 ordinary 
shares of 10 pence (nominal value) each to raise £1.3m.  

•  On 29 June 2020, the Company issued 1,454,434 new ordinary shares at a price of 38.4 pence per 
share as consideration for settlement of the £0.6m convertible loan note due to Cinnober Financial 
Technology AB for the acquisition of the remaining stake in KRM22 Market Surveillance.  

The share premium account represents the premium arising on the issue of equity shares, comprising 10 
pence  ordinary  shares,  net  of  share  issue  expenses.    Total  costs  relating  to  the  share  placement  and 
subscription of £0.03m have been recognised within share premium. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
91 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

24. Share–based payments 

Warrants 

On 24 April 2018, the Company passed a resolution for a total of 6,000,000 warrants to be granted to certain 
directors  and members of  staff  conditional on  the  Company’s  admission to the  AIM.    The  warrants  are 
exercisable in full in three equal tranches, in the event that the Company’s share price equals or exceeds 
three separate hurdles at the relevant testing or vesting date.  The earliest testing date for tranche one is 
two years following admission to the AIM, i.e. 30 April 2020, with the earliest testing date for tranche two 
and three being one year later, i.e. 30 April 2021. 

If these conditions are met the warrants are exercisable at a 100 pence per share.  The vesting period is 
three years and the warrants can be exercised if, at a testing date, the specific performance conditions are 
met, or the Directors, in their absolute discretion, determine that an option may be exercised at any other 
time and in any other circumstances.  If the options remain unexercised after a period of ten years from the 
date of the grant the options expire. 

Employee share option plan 

The KRM22 Employee Share Option Plan (“ESOP”), a UK tax authority approved Enterprise Management 
Incentive (“EMI”), was set up on 24 April 2018.  During the year the Company granted a total of 2,058,242 
options to employees of KRM22 and this included 1,187,322 options (the “Salary Deferral Bonus Options”) 
granted to employees who waived their right to receive a salary deferral bonus and 870,920 options (the 
“Salary Sacrifice Options”) granted to employees who waived a proportion of their salary.  Both the Salary 
Deferral Bonus Options and Salary Sacrifice Options were granted to help the Company’s cashflow. 

The Salary Deferral Bonus Options vest over a three-year period in thirty-six equal monthly instalments and 
do not lapse if an employee ceases to be employed by KRM22.  The Salary Sacrifice Options granted to 
Executive Directors and employees vest over a one-month period from the date of grant and the Salary 
Sacrifice Options granted to Non-Executive Directors vest over a three-month period from the date of grant.  
All Salary Sacrifice Options lapse on termination of employment with the Company and are not subject to 
any share price performance conditions. 

With  the  exception  of  the  Salary  Deferral  Bonus  Options  and  Salary  Sacrifice  Options  granted  in  2020, 
together with Salary Deferral Options granted in 2019 which are not subject to any share price performance, 
all share options vest over a three–year period and are exercisable on the third anniversary of the grant date 
provided  that  the  share  price  has  increased  by  5%  compounded  during  the  period  and  provided  the 
employee remains employed by KRM22.   

All options unexercised after a period of ten years from the date of  grant expire.  KRM22 has no legal or 
constructive obligation to repurchase or settle the options for cash. 

Options  are  exercisable  at  a  range  of  between  30.0  pence  per  share  and  109.5  pence  per  share.    The 
weighted average remaining contractual life of the share options outstanding at 31 December 2020 is  1 
year and 7 months (2019: 2 years and 3 months). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
92 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Outstanding at 1 January 
Granted during the year – warrants 
Granted during the year – ESOP 
Forfeited during the year – ESOP 
Exercised during the year 
Expire during the year 
Outstanding at 31 December 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
£ 
0.81 
– 
0.36 
0.76 
– 
– 
0.72 

2020 
Number 
7,839,471 
– 
2,058,242 
(193,997) 
– 
– 
9,703,716 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
£ 
1.00 
– 
0.70 
1.01 
– 
– 
0.81 

2019 
Number 
7,086,000 
– 
1,156,471 
(403,000) 
– 
– 
7,839,471 

The  fair  value  of  options  subject  to  non–market  based  vesting  conditions  are  measured  using  a  Black 
Scholes model and those options with market based conditions are measured using a Monte Carlo pricing 
model. 

The fair value of the outstanding options without performance conditions was measured using the Black 
Scholes options valuation model.  The inputs to that model in respect of the share options outstanding 
under each issue were as follows: 

Grant month 
Weighted average share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Weighted average contractual life 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend growth rate 
Risk-free interest rate 

Grant month 
Weighted average share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Weighted average contractual life 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend growth rate 
Risk-free interest rate 

Sep 
2018 
£1.0950 
£1.000 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.86% 
Dec 
2019 
£0.525 
£0.525 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.86% 

Jun 
2019 
£0.770 
£0.850 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.86% 
Jul 
2020 
£0.280 
£0.300 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.86% 

Jun 
2019 
£0.770 
£0.850 
1 year 
30% 
– 
0.86% 
Sep 
2020 
£0.380 
£0.380 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.86% 

Nov 
2019 
£0.535 
£0.850 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.86% 
Oct 
2020 
£0.380 
£0.380 
3 year 
30% 
– 
0.86% 

The fair value of the outstanding warrants with performance conditions was measured using the Monte 
Carlo simulation model and the inputs to that model in respect of the share options outstanding under each 
issue were as follows: 

Weighted average share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Weighted average contractual life 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend growth rate 
Risk-free interest rate 

2018 

£1.3198 
£1.00 
3 years 
30% 
– 
0.8287% 

The  total  expense  recognised  for  the  year  ending  31  December  2020  arising  from  equity-settled  share-
based payment transactions amounted to £0.9m (2019: £1.0m) and the share-based payment reserve as 
at 31 December 2020 amounted to £2.6m (2019: £1.7m). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
93 

25. Capital commitments 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

At 31 December 2020 KRM22 had no material capital commitments (2019: £nil). 

26. Financial instruments and financial risk management 

KRM22’s  principal  financial  liabilities  comprise  trade  and  other  payables  and  borrowings.    The  primary 
purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the operations.  KRM22 has trade and other receivables 
and cash that derive directly from its operations. 

The Company has limited financial liabilities as its primary purpose is to hold investments in other group 
companies.  The Company’s receivables largely relate to its funding of the operations of KRM22.  All items 
below are stated at amortised cost unless explicitly stated.  The Company measures fair values using the 
following fair value hierarchy that reflects the significance of the inputs used in making the measurements.  

The table below analyses financial instruments carried at fair value by hierarchy level. 

Financial assets 
Cash at banks and on hand – unrestricted 
Trade receivables group companies 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial liabilities 
Bank overdraft 
Trade and other payables 
Accruals 
Contingent consideration at FVTPL (Level 3) 
Borrowings 
Derivative financial liability at FVTPL (Level 1) 
Finance lease obligations 

2020 
Group 
£’000 

2020 
Company 
£’000 

2019 
Group 
£’000 

2019 
Company 
£’000 

1,974 
– 
1,212 
3,186 

– 
519 
355 
828 
2,761 
45 
1,005 
5,513 

157 
737 
– 
894 

– 
61 
89 
– 
– 
– 
– 
150 

1,076 
– 
905 
1,981 

22 
1,041 
717 
1,110 
1,985 
45 
1,476 
6,396 

88 
1,297 
– 
1,385 

– 
109 
257 
– 
– 
– 
– 
366 

The Directors consider that the carrying amount for all financial assets and liabilities which are not held at 
fair value through profit or loss approximates to their fair value. 

In conjunction with the Harbert Debt Facility, the Company has constituted warrants over 495,049 Ordinary 
shares.  Whilst the balance of the Debt Facility was settled during the year ended 31 December 2020, the 
warrants remain in place and are exercisable by Harbert until 29 April 2029.  The warrants are treated as a 
derivative financial instrument and recorded at fair value as a current liability with any adjustment in fair 
value at the statement of financial position dated recognised within finance charge on financial liabilities in 
the income statement.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
94 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The fair value of the warrant instrument was measured using the binomial option valuation model.  The 
inputs to the model are as follows: 

Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Contractual life 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend growth rate 
Risk-free interest rate 

Financial risk management 

2019 

£0.82 
£1.01 
10years 
30% 
– 
0.84% 

KRM22 is exposed to market risk, which includes interest rate risk and currency risk, credit risk and liquidity 
risk.  The senior management oversees the management of these risks and ensures that the financial risk 
taken is governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured 
and managed in accordance with KRM22’s policies and risk appetite. 

The Board of Directors review and agree polices for managing each of these risks, which are summarised 
below: 

a)  Market risk 

KRM22’s activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange 
rates and interest rates. 

Financial currency risk management 

KRM22 is exposed to transactional exchange risk.  Transactional foreign exchange risk arises from 
sales  or  purchases  by  a  group  company  in  a  currency  other  than  that  Company’s  functional 
currency.  Further the Group and the Company have inter-company loans made in currencies other 
than their functional currency.   

Year ended 31 December 2019 
     Average rate 
     Year-end spot rate 
Year ended 31 December 2020 
     Average rate 
     Year-end spot rate 

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis 

USD 

EUR 

CZK 

SGD 

1.28 
1.31 

1.29 
1.36 

1.14 
1.17 

1.12 
1.11 

29.30 
29.78 

29.73 
28.95 

1.74 
1.77 

1.77 
1.80 

The  following  table  details  KRM22’s  sensitivity  analysis to  a  5%  decrease in  Sterling  against the 
relevant foreign currencies which the Directors believe could have the most significant impact on 
the performance of KRM22.  For a 5% strengthening of Sterling against the relevant currency there 
would be a comparable impact on financial performance. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
95 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

US Dollar 
Euros 
Czech Kroner 
Singapore Dollar 

Interest rate risk 

Loss 
2020 
£’000 
(43) 
(7) 
(48) 
(3) 
(101) 

Other equity 
2020 
£’000 
(68) 
(7) 
(103) 
– 
(178) 

Loss 
2019 
£’000 
(124) 
(29) 
(44) 
12 
(185) 

Other equity 
2019 
£’000 
13 
(18) 
(58) 
3 
(60) 

Interest  rate  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  of  future  cash  flows  or  a  financial  instrument  will 
fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates.  The Directors do not believe the interest rate 
risk to be material and therefore no sensitivity analysis has been prepared. 

b)  Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or 
customer contract, leading to a financial loss.  KRM22 is exposed to credit risk from its operations, 
primarily from trade receivables, and from loans provided to related parties. 

Trade receivables 

Customer  credit  risk  is managed  subject  to  KRM22’s established  policy,  procedures  and  control 
relating to customer credit risk management.  Outstanding receivables are regularly monitored and 
discussed at executive management and Board level of group companies. 

Financial instruments and cash deposits 

Credit risk from cash balances with banks and financial institutions is managed in accordance with 
KRM22 policy.  Credit risk with respect to cash is managed by carefully selecting the institutions 
with which cash is deposited. 

Impairment 

The financial assets of the Group comprise cash at banks, trade receivables and other receivables.  
Having reviewed the recoverability of KRM22’s financial assets since the reporting date, as well as 
the  likelihood  of  future  losses  over  the  next  twelve  months  and  the  lifetime  of  the  assets,  the 
Directors have recognised credit losses in respect of other receivables, as detailed in note 15.  

c)  Liquidity risk 

KRM22 is not currently cash generative, however funds were raised as part of the IPO, subsequent 
share placements and the Kestrel Convertible Loan facility.  The Board carefully monitors the levels 
of cash and is comfortable that it has sufficient cash for normal operating requirements.  KRM22 
has no committed lines of credit. 

The following table details KRM22’s remaining contractual maturity for its financial liabilities based 
on contractual payments: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
96 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

At 31 December 2019 

Trade and other payables 
Contingent consideration 
Secured loans (gross) 
Unsecured loans 
Finance lease obligations 

At 31 December 2020 

Trade and other payables 
Contingent consideration 
Secured loans (gross) 
Finance lease obligations 

Capital risk management 

Within 1 year 
£’000 

1 to 2 years 
£’000 

2 to 5 years 
£’000 

1,842 
– 
388 
– 
488 

2,539 
– 
356 
459 

– 
86 
388 
– 
400 

– 
828 
285 
283 

– 
1,024 
164 
1,162 
588 

– 
– 
3,214 
375 

Total 
£’000 

1,842 
1,110 
940 
1,162 
1,476 

2,539 
828 
3,855 
1,117 

KRM22 manages its capital to ensure that it will be able to continue as a going concern while also 
maximising the operational potential of the business.  The capital structure of KRM22 consists of 
cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the Company, comprising 
issued capital and reserves as disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.  KRM22 
is not exposed to externally imposed capital requirements. 

27. Business combinations 

KRM22 Market Surveillance Limited 

On 16 April 2020, KRM22 Central Limited acquired the remaining 40% issued share capital in KRM22 Market 
Surveillance for a total consideration of £0.6m payable to Cinnober by way of a convertible loan note (“CLN”) 
provided  by  the  Company  to  Cinnober.    On  28  June  2020,  the  CLN  was  converted  into  1,454,434  new 
ordinary shares at 38.4p per share in the Company and therefore no cash consideration was paid as part 
of the acquisition. 

KRM22 ProOpticus LLC 

On  25  September  2018  KRM22  Americas  Inc.,  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  KRM22  Central  Limited, 
acquired  KRM22  ProOpticus  LLC  (formerly  Prime  Analytics  LLC).    The  acquisition  was  for  an  initial 
consideration of US$3.5m (£2.6m) cash and US$1.0m (£0.8m) in the Company’s ordinary shares together 
with contingent consideration of US$3.0m (£2.3m).  The contingent consideration, which could be satisfied 
either cash or Company ordinary shares at the Company’s discretion, was payable in two equal tranches of 
US$1.5m  each  in  the  event  that  KRM22  ProOpticus  achieved  US$3.0m  revenue  in  the  year  ended  31 
December 2019 and US$3.3m revenue in the year ended 31 December 2020.   

The two performance milestones were not achieved and on this basis the Directors excluded this element 
of consideration from the fair value of the total consideration that could have been paid under the term of the 
share  purchase  agreement.    The  adjustment  for  the  write  back  of  contingent  consideration  of  £1.5m  was 
recognised in the consolidated income statement for the year ended 31 December 2019.  

Object+ Holding B.V. 

On 30 May 2019 KRM22 Netherlands B.V., a wholly owned subsidiary of KRM22 Central Limited, acquired 
Object+  Holding  B.V.  and  its  subsidiaries  Object+  B.V.,  Object+  Financial  Services  B.V.,  Object+  Financial 
Products B.V. and Object+ Americas LLC (collectively “Object+”), a risk management and post-trade services 
technology business focused on capital markets. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
97 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

The acquisition was for an initial consideration of US$1.2m (£0.9m) with US$0.5m (£0.4m) payable in cash 
and  US$0.7m  (£0.5m)  through  the  issue  of  606,909  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  together  with 
contingent consideration of US$2.7m (£2.3m).   

The contingent consideration is payable in three tranches subject to earn-out conditions.  The first tranche 
of contingent consideration of US$0.6m (£0.4m) was payable in the event that the ARR of Object+ native 
products  exceeds  US$1.0m  (£0.8m)  on  the  first  anniversary  of  acquisition.    The  second  tranche  of 
contingent  consideration  of  US$0.6m  (£0.4m)  is  payable  in  the  event  that  the  ARR  of  Object+  native 
products exceeds US$1.5m (£1.1m) on the second anniversary of acquisition.  The third and final tranche 
of contingent consideration of US$1.6m (£1.2m) is payable in the event that US$0.3m (£0.2m) of ARR can 
be generated by sales of Object+ native products to new customers by the third anniversary of acquisition.  
The third tranche contingent consideration can be paid at any point between the first and third anniversary 
date of acquisition.  

The contingent consideration can be satisfied in either cash or Company ordinary shares at the Company’s 
discretion.  If contingent consideration is satisfied by the issue of ordinary shares, the number of shares 
issued will be determined by the market share price at the issue  date.  The contingent consideration of 
£2.3m has been discounted to a present value of £1.3m based on a WACC of 13.8%. 

The  first  performance  milestone  of  US$1.0  (£0.7m)  ARR  by  the  first  anniversary  of  acquisition  was  not 
achieved and therefore the first tranche of contingent consideration was excluded from the initial fair value of 
the total consideration that could have been paid under the terms of the share purchase agreement. 

Based on the current financial performance of Object+, the Directors do not believe that Object+ will achieve 
the second performance milestone of US$1.5m (£1.1m) ARR target on the second anniversary of acquisition.  
On this basis the Directors believe that the second tranche of contingent consideration will not be payable and 
have therefore excluded this element of consideration from fair value of the total consideration that could have 
been paid under the terms of the share purchase agreement. 

The Directors believe that the third and final performance milestone was achieved at the statement of financial 
position date.  As detailed in note 29, the third and final tranche of contingent consideration of US$1.6m was 
reduced by US$0.5m on 4 March 2021 in consideration for a cash payment of US$0.1m (£0.1m) and KRM22 
waiving a US$0.1m (£0.1m) promissory loan note due from the seller of Object+.  The fair value of the third 
tranche of consideration has been reduced to reflect the reduced consideration. 

A  total  adjustment  for  the  write  back  of  contingent  consideration  of  £0.3m  has  been  recognised  in  the 
consolidated income statement. 

Fair value of consideration paid 

Cash 
KRM22 Plc shares 
Contingent consideration 

Adjustment to contingent consideration 

£’000 

390 
514 
1,150 
2,054 
(342) 
1,712 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
98 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

Details of the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, purchase consideration and goodwill 
are as follows: 

Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Software 
Customer relationships 
Brand 

Current assets and liabilities 
Receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Payables 
Deferred tax 

Net identifiable (liabilities)/assets acquired 
Goodwill 
Total consideration paid by the Group 

Book value 
£’000 

Fair value 
adjustments 
£’000 

Fair value 
under IFRS 
£’000 

29 
– 
– 
– 
29 

326 
28 
(605) 
– 
(251) 
(222) 

– 
421 
28 
27 
476 

– 
– 
– 
(122) 
(122) 
354 

29 
421 
28 
27 
505 

326 
28 
(605) 
(122) 
(373) 
132 
1,922 
2,054 

Goodwill is recognised on the acquisition as a result of  Object+ contracted sales pipeline in the financial 
technology market and synergies expected to arise after acquisition.  Acquisition costs of £0.1m arose as 
a  result  of  the  transaction  and  are  included  in  the  Group’s  administrative  expenses  in  the  consolidated 
income statement for the year ended 31 December 2019. 

The fair value of receivables acquired was £0.3m and the Directors believe that this also represents the 
gross contractual amounts receivable, as this is the Directors best estimate at the date of acquisition of 
contractual cashflows expected to be collected. 

Object+ has contributed £0.5m to group revenues (2019: £0.5m) and a profit of £0.1m to group loss (2019: 
loss of £0.1m).  For comparative purposes, had the transaction been undertaken at 1 January 2019, Object+ 
would have contributed £0.8m to group revenues and £0.1m to group loss. 

28. Related party transactions 

Remuneration of key management personnel 

The remuneration of key management personnel, including Directors, is set out in aggregate for each of the 
categories specified in IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures as follows: 

Short-term employee benefits 
Retirement benefits 
Share-based payment benefits 
Total 

2020 
£’000 
155 
3 
574 
732 

2019 
£’000 
603 
12 
860 
1,475 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
99 

Related party transactions 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

On  5  June  2018  the  Group  acquired  a  60%  shareholding  in  KRM22  Market  Surveillance  Limited  from 
Cinnober  Financial  Technology  AB  (“Cinnober”).    In  addition  to  the  acquisition,  Cinnober  together  with 
KRM22 each provided loans to KRM22 Market Surveillance and the loans were subject to an interest rate 
of 5% per annum. 

On 16 April 2020, KRM22 Central Limited acquired the remaining 40% minority interest in KRM22 Market 
Surveillance from Cinnober.  Under the terms of the transaction, a total of £2.9m in debt due to KRM22 and 
Cinnober  (together  the  “Parent  Companies”)  together  with  £0.3m  of  other  liabilities  due  to  the  Parent 
Companies was converted into ordinary shares in KRM22 Market Surveillance immediately prior to KRM22 
consolidating its ownership of KRM22 Market Surveillance. 

On completion of the debt to equity conversion in KRM22 Market Surveillance, the Company immediately 
acquired the remaining 40% stake in KRM22 Market Surveillance for a total consideration of £0.6m payable 
to Cinnober by way of a convertible loan note (CLN) provided by KRM22 to Cinnober.  The CLN was for a 
one-year term and could be satisfied by either the allotment and issue of ordinary shares of the Company 
by  no  later  than  31  July  2020  or  settled  by  cash  at  any  point  in  the  CLN  term,  at  the  Company’s  sole 
discretion.  The interest rate payable on the CLN was 8% per annum payable quarterly. 

On 28 June 2020, the CLN was converted into 1,454,434 new ordinary shares at 38.4p per share in the 
Company and therefore no cash consideration was paid as part of the acquisition.  The settlement of £1.3m 
of debt, through the issue of the CLN, resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of £0.7m which has been 
recognised in the income statement. 

At 31 December 2020, the balance of loans due from the Group to Cinnober was £nil (2019: £1.2m). 

During the year, KRM22 Market Surveillance charged goods and services to Cinnober of £0.2m (2019: £0.3m) 
under normal commercial terms.  At 31 December 2020, the balance due to KRM22 Market Surveillance 
from Cinnober was £0.1m (2019: £0.1m).  Cinnober is currently a 9.9% shareholder of the Company. 

On 15 September 2020, KRM22 entered into an agreement for a new three year £3.0m convertible loan 
facility  (the  “Convertible  Loan”)  with  Kestrel  Partners  LLP  (“Kestrel”).    The  interest  rate  payable  on  the 
Convertible Loan is 9.5% per annum payable quarterly in arrears.  Kestrel can convert the Convertible Loan 
into new ordinary shares in the Company at any time at a conversion price of 38p.  The Company has the 
right  to  request  conversion  eighteen  months  following  the  date  of  the  agreement,  subject  to  certain 
conditions regarding the Company's share price at that time.  Kestrel has the right to prevent any conversion 
which would trigger a Rule 9 event under the Takeover Code.  The Convertible Loan is secured on certain 
KRM22  assets  and  includes  covenants  based  on  the  Group’s  financial  performance,  based  on  ARR, 
solvency and profitability.  Kestrel, inclusive of beneficial interests, is a 20.1% shareholder of the Company. 

29. Events after the reporting date 

On 4 March 2021, the Company signed an addendum (the “Addendum”) to the  Object+ Share Purchase 
Agreement  dated  29  May  2019.    Under  the  terms  of  the  Addendum,  the  undiscounted  deferred 
consideration  of  US$1.6m  (£1.2m)  associated  with  the  third  performance  milestone  was  reduced  by 
US$0.5m (£0.4m) to US$1.1m (£0.8m) in return for a cash payment of US$0.1m (£0.1m) to the Seller of 
Object+ and the Company waiving the US$0.1m (£0.1m) promissory loan note due from the Seller to the 
Company.  As of the statement of financial position date the Director’s expectation was that such a position 
was probable taking account of the performance of the Group and engagement with the seller.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100 

KRM22 plc 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

The board of directors 

Registered office 

Keith Todd CBE 

Chairman and CEO  

Stephen Casner 

President  

Kim Suter 

5 Ireland Yard, London, EC4V 5EH 

Company number 

11231735 

Company secretary 

Kim Suter 

CFO (appointed 2 April 2020) 

Nominated Adviser and Broker 

Sandy Broderick 

Non-Executive Director  

Garry Jones 

Non-Executive Director  

Steve Sparke 

Non-Executive Director  

Karen Bach 

Non-Executive Director (resigned 2 April 2020) 

finnCap, 1 Bartholomew Close, London, EC1A 7BL 

Solicitors 

Fieldfisher  LLP,  Riverbank  House,  2  Swan  Lane, 
London, EC4R 3TT 

Auditor 

BDO LLP, 55 Baker Street, London, W1U 7EU 

Registrars 

Equiniti,  Aspect  House,  Spencer  Road,  Lancing, 
West Sussex, BN99 6D

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 2020 |        

PAGE | 1