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Orion Engineered Carbons S.A.

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FY2011 Annual Report · Orion Engineered Carbons S.A.
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ANNUAL REPORT 2011

Orbital Corporation Limited
ABN 32 009 344 058

Corporate Profile

Contents

Orbital	 is	 a	 leader	 in	 Specialised	 Engine	 and	 Vehicle	
Systems.

Orbital	 provides	 engine	 and	 vehicle	 technologies	 and	
alternative	 fuel	 solutions	 that	 improve	 performance,	 add	
features	 and	 reduce	 fuel	 costs	 whilst	 reducing	 harmful	
greenhouse	gas	emissions.	

Orbital	FlexDI	technology	“One	engine	-	any	fuel”	-	has	been	
commercialised	in	the	marine,	motorcycle,	recreational	and	
autorickshaw	light	commercial	vehicle	markets	since	1996.

Orbital	 Autogas	 Systems	 Liquid	 LPG	 systems,	 offering	
seamless	 performance	 and	 satisfying	 Australian	 emissions	
requirement,	 are	 now	 commercially	 available	 in	 the	 Ford	
EcoLPi	 products,	 Holden	 Special	 Vehicles	 (HSV)	 as	 an	
option,	and	as	after-market	kits	for	popular	car	models.

The	 Orbital	 group	 earns	 income	 from	 multiple	 sources	
including:	

•	 Alternative	Fuels	

o	 Orbital	Autogas	Systems

o	 Sprint	Gas	

•	 Synerject	LLC	Joint	venture

•	 Orbital	Consulting	Services	

•	 Royalties	and	Licences

Orbital’s	 principal	 operations	 in	 Perth,	 Western	 Australia,	
provide	 a	 world	 class	 facility	 with	 capabilities	 in	 design,	
manufacturing,	 development	 and	 testing	 of	 engines	 and	
engine	 management	 systems.	 Headquartered	 in	 Perth,	
Western	Australia,	Orbital	stock	is	traded	on	the	Australian	
Stock	Exchange	(OEC)	and	the	NYSE	Amex	(OBT)

•	 Chairman’s	and	CEO’s	Report    .   .   .   .   

1

•	 Review	of	Operations.    .    .    .    .    .    .    2

•	 Directors’	Report  .    .    .    .    .    .    .    .    9

•	 Corporate	Governance	Statement    .   .   . 

23

•	

Income	Statement .    .    .    .    .    .    .    .  30

•	 Statement	of	Comprehensive	Income .    .    .  31

•	 Statement	of	Changes	in	Equity   .    .    .    .  31

•	 Statement	of	Financial	Position    .   .   .   . 

32

•	 Statement	of	Cash	Flows .    .    .    .    .    .  33

•	 Notes	to	the	Financial	Statements     .    .    .  34

•	 Directors’	Declaration .    .    .    .    .    .    .  82

•	

Independent	Auditor’s	Report .    .    .    .    .  83

•	 Shareholding	Details  .    .    .    .    .    .    .  84

•	 Offices	and	Officers  .    .    .    .    . Back	Cover

Highlights of the Year

• 

Statutory net profit after tax of $1.76 million compared 
to a profit of $4.52 million last year. 

•	 Underlying	profit	after	tax	of	$0.16	million	compared	

to a loss of $2.31 million last year.

•	

Synerject	 increased	 revenue	 to	 US$120.83	 million	
(+34%)	and	profit	after	tax	to	US$6.50	million	(+37%).

•	 Orbital	 Autogas	 Systems	 (OAGS)	 launched	 “Liquid”	
LPG	injection	systems	on	the	Ford	EcoLPi	Falcon	and	
continued	development	of	aftermarket	kits.	

•	 Holden	 Special	 Vehicles	

the	
introduction	 of	 the	 OAGS	 “Liquid”	 LPG	 system	 on	 its	
prestigious	 high	 performance	 vehicles.	 This	 includes	
HSV’s	top	of	the	line	model	“Grange”.

(HSV)	 announced	

•	 Orbital	 successfully	 delivered	 industry	 benchmark	
results	 utilising	 FlexDI™	 on	 Changan	 demonstrator	
engines	 and	 vehicle,	 meeting	 stringent	 Chinese	 fuel	
consumption	targets.

•	 Orbital	acquired	the	business	of	Sprint	Gas,	one	of	the	
largest	distributors	in	the	Australian	LPG	aftermarket,	for	
an	initial	investment	of	$2.00	million.	

•	 Orbital	 completed	 the	 sale	 of	 land	 and	 buildings	 in	
Perth	for	$8.65	million.	Orbital	will	lease	the	facilities	
for	10	years,	with	2	further	5	year	options	if	required.	
The	proceeds	have	been	used	to	acquire	Sprint	Gas	
and	will	be	utilised	to	support	further	strategic	growth	
plans	of	the	company.

Changan’s  ICCS  engine  incorporating  Orbital’s  FlexDI  technology.  The  ICCS  engine  was 
displayed to the public for the first time at the Shanghai Auto Show in April.

Chairman’s and CEO’s Report
X
X

On  behalf  of  the  Board  of  Directors  we  present  Orbital’s 
Annual Report for the year ended 30 June 2011.

Overview

We  are  pleased  to  report  a  statutory  profit  for  the  year 
ended 30 June 2011 of $1.76 million (2010: $4.52 million) 
and  an  underlying  profit  after  tax  of  $0.16  million;  an 
improvement in the underlying result of $2.46 million year 
on year. (see page 4 for a breakdown)

Underlying Profit/(Loss)

1.0

0.0

(1.0)

(2.0)

$'ms

(3.0)

(4.0)

(5.0)

(6.0)

FY09

FY10

FY11

As  noted  in  previous  years,  Orbital  has  strategically 
invested  in  developing  an  Australian  LPG  business.  We 
foreshadowed  our  investment  in  this  development  as 
we  worked  closely  with  Ford  Australia  on  the  EcoLPi 
Falcon  incorporating  the  most  advanced  LPG  “Liquid” 
technology  currently  available,  to  deliver  across-the-board 
improvements. Ford has now launched the EcoLPi and has 
received positive industry feedback. We also developed a 
range of Liquid kits for the LPG aftermarket.  Our in-house 
development  was  complimented  in  May  2011  by  the 
acquisition of Sprint Gas, one of the largest distributors in 
the Australian LPG aftermarket. These investments are now 
yielding positive results, with Orbital returning to underlying 
operating profits in this reporting period.

One  of  the  more  significant  contributions  to  this  year’s 
improvement  was  the  increased  profit  of  Orbital’s  42% 
owned joint venture, Synerject. Synerject increased revenue 
by 34% to US$120.83 million, reported profit after tax of 
US$6.50  million  (+37%)  and  generated  US$8.52  million 
positive  operating  cashflow.  Synerject  has  introduced  a 
number  of  new  products  into  the  motorcycle  markets  in 
Taiwan and North America and the snowmobile markets in 
North America and Europe. More stringent global emissions 
requirements continue to drive demand for Synerject’s non-
automotive engine management solutions.   

Capital Management and Investment

During the year Orbital entered into a sale and leaseback 
of  its  land  and  buildings  in  Perth  for  $8.65  million.  The 
transaction  generated  a  net  profit  of  $4.24  million  and 
provided  capital  at  a  net  funded  cost  of  approximately 
8.6% p.a.; these funds will be more appropriately invested 
in strategic growth opportunities.

As  noted  above,  in  May  2011  we  acquired  55%  of  the 
business of Sprint Gas Australia for an investment of $2.00 
million  with  an  option  to  acquire  the  remaining  45%  at  a 
price based on post-acquisition earnings. Sprint Gas is one 
of the largest distributors of automotive LPG conversion kits 
in Australia. Sprint Gas has a national footprint and a wide 
range  of  products,  which  will  complement  the  Liquid  LPi 
aftermarket kits distributed by Orbital Autogas Systems.  

Peter Day – Chairman

Terry Stinson – CEO

Board of Directors and Staff

We  thank  our  fellow  Directors  Vijoleta  Braach-Maksvytis 
and Merv Jones for their ongoing contributions throughout 
the year. We would also like to acknowledge the invaluable 
contribution  Grahame  Young  made  during  25  years  of 
service  to  Orbital  before  his  retirement  from  the  board  in 
February  this  year.  We  thank  him  and  wish  him  well  for 
the future.

Outlook

In 2010, we targeted a return to profits in the year ended 
30 June 2011. That has been achieved. 

In the 2012 financial year we are targeting increased profits 
and sustainable operating cashflow. This will be achieved 
through growth provided by recent investments in the next 
generation Ford EcoLPi Falcon, Liquid LPi aftermarket kits, the 
Sprint Gas acquisition, and continued growth for Synerject.  

We  also  have  a  number  of  potential  organic  growth 
opportunities which may be progressed in 2012, including 
engine supply to the unmanned aerial systems sector and 
dual fuel LNG systems supply for road transport. We will 
also assess acquisition opportunities as they arise. 

Orbital  has  strengthened  its  financial  capacity  including 
cash on hand at 30 June 2011 of $6.87 million. which can 
provide a solid base and the investment flexibility needed 
for anticipated growth

W P DAY   
Chairman  

T D STINSON 
Chief Executive Officer

We targeted  
a return to 
profits in the 
year ended  
30 June 2011. 
That has been 
achieved.

Annual Report 2011   1

 
 
 
 
 
Review of Operations

Business 
Segment

Business Name 
& Brands

Activities

Year in Brief

The Future

Alternative Fuels

ORBITAL
ORBITAL

ALTERNATIVE FUELS
Alternative Fuels

■	 Alternative Fuel application and system supply is a 

cornerstone of Orbital’s forward strategy
■	 LPG (Liquid Propane Gas)

5.8

8%

$’m sales

Synerject

76%

51.4

Orbital Share of Synerject Sales $’m

Consulting Services

ORBITAL
ORBITAL

Consulting
Consulting

9.5

25%

14%

$’m sales

■	 Supplier to Ford Australia, HSV and aftermarket
■	 Distributorship through Sprint Gas and OAGS
■	 Exclusive rights to Vialle LPG product in Australia

■	 CNG (Compressed Natural Gas)

■	 Exclusive distribution rights to Continental LPG 

and CNG fuel supply components for Australia 
and New Zealand

■	 LNG (Liquid Natural Gas)

■	 Provision of fleet level heavy duty engine dual 

fuel LNG – diesel substitution systems

■	42:58% Orbital/Continental joint venture established 

in 1997
■	Global manufacturer and supplier of engine 

management systems (EMS) and electronic fuel 
injection systems for non-automotive markets
■	Synerject has access to Continental automotive 

components, purchasing and know how
■	Largest independent EMS supplier for non-

automotive applications 

■	Specialist engineering consulting service based in 
Perth, Western Australia, employing approximately 
61 staff. 
■	Engine design and development
■	Combustion systems
■	Fuel systems
■	Engine management systems 
■	Alternative fuels (LPG, CNG, Ethanol, Heavy 

Fuels)

■	Fuel economy and emissions solutions

Intellectual Property

ORBITAL
ORBITAL

Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property

■	Patented Orbital Technologies

■	Licensing
■	Royalties

1.1

2%

$’m sales

2   Orbital

Business 

Segment

Business Name 

& Brands

Alternative Fuels

ORBITAL

ALTERNATIVE FUELS

5.8

8%

$’m sales

Synerject

76%

51.4

9.5

25%

14%

$’m sales

1.1

2%

$’m sales

Orbital Share of Synerject Sales $’m

Consulting Services

ORBITAL

ORBITAL

Consulting

Consulting

Intellectual Property

ORBITAL

ORBITAL

Intellectual Property

Intellectual Property

Activities

Year in Brief

The Future

■	 Revenue of $5,847k, with a loss of $2,764k compared to 
$6,203k and $1,737k respectively in the previous year

■	 Australian LPG system aftermarket subdued this year due to low 

petrol prices and decreasing Government rebate
■	 Increase in investment for next generation LPG systems

■	 Ford introduction of the EcoLPi Falcon cars, using Orbital’s Liquid 

LPG fuel system

■	 Acquisition of Sprint Gas Australia, major domestic 

distributorship

■	 HSV offering Orbital’s Liquid LPG as option on prestigious 

performance cars

■	 50 Liquid LPG aftermarket kits now available

■	Launch of EcoLPi Falcon
■	Inclusion of Sprint Gas Australia business for full year
■	Development of additional Liquid LPG system aftermarket kits, 
covering popular Australian vehicle models.  The Liquid LPG 
systems offer
■	Fuel cost saving
■	Improved torque, power and cold starting
■	Emissions – up to 14% reduction in CO2 emissions vs 

gasoline vehicle

■	Market growth will be influenced by increased petrol prices
■	Continue to explore opportunities in the CNG/LPG markets in 

■  Acquisition of Sprint Gas Australia provides access to key Victorian 

Australia and Asia

LPG market and outlet for Orbital’s Liquid LPG systems

■	Revenue of $US120,834k compared to US$90,375k in the 

■	Develop China/Asia motorcycle sales opportunities as emission 

previous year  - 34% increase 

legislation drives move to engine management systems 

■	Equity accounted contribution to Orbital of $3,233k compared 

■	Taiwan, with very stringent emission requirements, will remain a 

to $1,874k in the previous year – 72% increase 

key market for Synerject EMS

■	Taiwan is a key scooter market driven by the stringent emission 

■	Expand the high end performance market with additional 

standards

■	Successfully expanding high end product penetration in the 

motorcycle and recreational markets

■	Investing in new products for the Asian motorcycle market
■	 Expanding presence in India
■	 Operating cashflow US$8,517k

motorcycle, snowmobile and ATV models
■	Initial sales into Lawn and Garden market
■	Develop low cost EMS systems to suit high volume, low cost 

scooter markets

■	Revenue of $9,492k with contribution to group of $161k 
compared to $9,621k and $1,031k respectively in the  
previous year

■	Development of spark ignition heavy fuel engines for UAS 

(Unmanned Aircraft Systems)

■	Mitchell Corporation

■	Provision of engine management expertise and development  

support to Mitchell’s existing LNG truck fleet

■	Advanced Engineering Contracts

■	Contracts awarded for advanced fuel/combustion systems 

for alternative fuels

■	Changan demonstrator program for the FlexDITM passenger car 

successfully completed

■	Revenue $1,081k compared to $1,199k in the previous year
■	Contribution $610k compared to $732k in the previous year
■	North American marine market showing slight improvement, 
however still well down on pre global financial crisis market.

■	Negative foreign exchange impact of $127k due to 

strengthening Australian Dollar

■	Order book at 30th June of $4.63 million 
■	UAS -  niche area for Consulting Services
■	Supporting Corporate and Alternative Fuels growth initiatives
■ 	Increased workload for heavy duty test facilities

■	Fuel and Control Systems development for alternative. fuels
■	Engine emission certification
■	Fuel quality

■	Targeting engineering support for the resource sector

■	Marine market likely to remain flat given European and North 

American markets financial situation

■	Motorcycle markets in Europe to remain low until driven by 

future emission legislation

Annual Report 2011   3

 
Orbital achieved 
a $2.46 million 
year on year 
improvement in 
the underlying 
result in FY2011.

Review of Operations

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW

The headline financial results for Orbital for the year ended 30 June 2011 are shown below.

Alternative Fuels
 - Revenue 
 - Contribution 
Consulting Services 
 - Revenue 
- Contribution 
Licences & royalties 
- Revenue 
- Contribution 
Total Revenue 
Total Contribution 
Synerject

- Revenue (100%)(1) 

- Equity accounted profit 

Unallocated other income 
Unallocated other expenses 
Foreign exchange gain/(loss) 
Finance costs (net) 
Research and development 
Business development costs* 
Government grant on restructure of loan* 
Gain on sale of property* 
Write-off capitalised development costs* 
Provision for slow moving inventory* 
Terminations costs* 

Profit before tax 
Taxation  
Profit after tax 

June 2011 

June 2010

US$m 

120.8 

US$m

90.4

June 2011 
$’000 

June 2010
$’000

5,847 
(757) 

9,492 
161 

1,081 
610 

16,420 
14 

6,203
(1,727)

9,621
1,031

1,199
732

17,023
36

3,233 

1,874

959 
(2,809) 
79 
(353) 
(1,158) 
(205) 
- 
4,237 
(1,065) 
(942) 
(417) 

1,573 
190 

1,763 

644
(3,488)
(97)
(513)
(1,152)
(595)
7,695
-
-
-
(276)

4,128
388

4,516

Underlying profit/(loss) (excluding one off items*) 

155 

(2,308)

(1) As reported by Synerject LLC.

Detailed comments on Orbital’s four business streams are as follows:

4   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alternative 
fuel system 
development is 
core to Orbital’s 
growth strategy.

Orbital’s  Liquid  LPi  systems  were  also  introduced  on  Holden 
Special  Vehicles  in  late  2010,  confirming  that  the  systems 
can meet the needs of Australia’s most prestigious and highest 
performance cars.  

In  May  2011,  Orbital  acquired  the  business  of  SGA  for 
an  initial  investment  of  $2,000,000.  SGA  is  a  major  LPG 
distributor  in  Victoria,  with  a  presence  in  most  capital  cities 
in  Australia.    SGA  offers  a  full  range  of  LPG  systems  for 
the  aftermarket,  and  will  be  an  outlet  for  Orbital’s  Liquid  LPi 
systems.   SGA also enables an Orbital presence in Victoria 
which  is  the  centre  of  Australia’s  auto  LPG  markets  and  the 
home of Australia’s automotive manufacturing businesses.

Orbital strategically invested in the LPG aftermarket at a time 
when the Australian market was under pressure.  The Australian 
LPG aftermarket contracted throughout the year (approximately 
50%),  driven  initially  by  the  relatively  lower  differential 
between  the  cost  of  petrol  and  LPG,  and  reduction  in  the 
Government installation subsidy.  However, LPG continues to 
offer a lower cost, cleaner alternative to petrol.  We acquired 
a company that has a lead market share position in Australia.  
Orbital’s initial investment is effectively net asset value and we 
retain the support of the long standing owners.  This positions 
Orbital for future recovery in LPG markets. 

Looking  forward,  Orbital  is  undertaking  research  and 
development in the next generation of alternative fuels systems; 
for example direct injection of alternative fuels. In the case of 
CNG, direct injection can reclaim some of the performance 
typically  lost  with  manifold  injection  applications  of  CNG. 
Orbital continues to support direct injection CNG projects for 
international customers.

Alternative Fuels
Revenue 
Contribution 

Write-off of capitalised  
development costs 
Provision for slow moving 

 inventory 

Segment result 

June 2011 
$’000 

June 2010
$’000

  5,847  
(757)  

6,203 
(1,727) 

  (1,065) 

(942) 

-

-

  (2,764) 

(1,727)

Alternative fuel system development is core to Orbital’s growth 
strategy.  Long term projections for increased crude oil prices, 
together  with  sovereign  fuel  security  and  requirements  to 
reduce  vehicle  emissions,  drive  this  strategy.  The  USA  has 
announced  major  developments  and  sponsorship  for  use  of 
CNG (Compressed Natural Gas).   In the Asia Pacific region, 
the size of the CNG vehicle fleet increased by almost 16% to 
6.7 million vehicle, with a global increase of 11%.  In Europe 
there  is  a  push  for  increasing  use  of  CNG  and  LPG  (Liquid 
Petroleum  Gas)  with  European  Automotive  manufacturer’s 
now  offering  product  using  both  of  these  fuels.  In  the  LNG 
(Liquid  Natural  Gas)  application  the  “Blue  Corridor”  (key 
road  transport  routes  with  LNG  readily  available)  is  being 
developed in Continental Europe. Orbital is already active in 
this space and plans to grow in each of these markets. 

Revenue  decreased  by  approximately  6%  compared  to  last 
year due to Ford ceasing production of the previous generation 
LPG  Falcon  at  the  end  of  September  2010.  Revenue  was 
partly compensated by increased aftermarket sales including 
contribution  from  Sprint  Gas  Australia  (SGA)  which  was 
acquired at the end of May 2011. Gross margins improved 
due  to  the  stronger  Australian  dollar  compared  to  the  Euro. 
Operational efficiencies have also been introduced reducing 
overheads resulting in an overall year on year improvement in 
contribution of $970,000.

In conjunction with the acquisition of SGA, the Orbital Autogas 
Systems  operation  was  also  reviewed.  The  contraction  in 
the  LPG  aftermarket  prompted  a  write-down  of  previously 
capitalised  development  costs  for  Liquid  LPi  aftermarket  kits 
($1,065,000). In addition it was decided to provide for slow 
moving Liquid LPi aftermarket inventory ($942,000). In total 
these non-cash adjustments amounted to $2,007,000. 

Ford Australia has recently released their “EcoLPi” Ford Falcon 
vehicle  range  equipped  with  Orbital’s  Liquid  LPG  systems 
(Liquid LPi).   The response from the motoring press has been 
very positive. Liquid LPi technology solves issues of emissions 
compliance,  cold  start  and  reduced  power  compared  with 
previous LPG systems. Most importantly, fuel cost savings are 
approximately $1,000 year based on current fuel costs for a 
typical Australian family vehicle.

Ford  Australia’s  EcoLPi  Falcon  is  the  only  dedicated  LPG  car  built  in 
Australia

Annual Report 2011   5

 
 
 
 
 
Synerject 
revenue 
increased  
by 34% to  
US$ 120.83 m.

Review of Operations

Synerject

June 2011 
US$’000 

June 2010
US$’000

Revenue (100%) 
Profit after tax (100%) 
Operating cash flow, 
 after capex (100%) 

120,834  
6,500  

90,375 
4,744 

8,517 

5,957

Orbital equity accounted  
contribution  

A$’000 

A$’000

3,233  

1,874

Synerject,  Orbital’s  42:58%  Joint  Venture  Partnership  with 
Continental  AG,  is  a  key  supplier  of  engine  management 
systems  to  the  non-automotive  market,  with  small  engine 
applications  for  scooters  through  to  high  performance 
motorcycles, outboards and snowmobiles.

Synerject revenue increased by 34% to US$120,834,000 
with a corresponding increase in profit after tax. 

The  marine  and  recreational  markets  are  still  impacted  by 
the  ongoing  effect  of  the  global  financial  crisis  however 
Synerject achieved growth with investment in new products 
which have been launched throughout the year. In particular, 
Synerject has expanded in the supply of systems to the high 
end  market  including  snowmobiles  and  high  performance 
motorcycles.

Taiwan,  with  its  stringent  in-field  emission  requirements 
remains  a  major  market  for  Synerject,  with  2  out  of  the  3 
major Taiwanese motorcycle/scooter manufactures utilizing 
Synerject product. China is the largest motorcycle market in 
the  world  and  has  recently  introduced  motorcycle  Euro  III 
emissions standards. This remains Synerject’s primary growth 
target.

Synerject has also recently introduced new product into the 
high volume utility and small engine markets. 

Notwithstanding  the  revenue  growth  Synerject  kept  tight 
control of working capital, generating increased cash flow 
year  on  year.  Synerject  had  net  cash  on  hand  at  30  June 
2011  of  US$2,291,000  (2010:  US$3,316,000  net 
debt).  Orbital  received  dividends  of  A$1,208,000  from 
Synerject during the year (2010: A$677,000).

Synerject production facility in Delavan, USA

6   Orbital

The Australian dollar has strengthened against the US dollar 
over recent years adversely impacting the translated equity 
accounted share of Synerject’s profit (FY2011: A$416,000 
impact).

Synerject  is  well  positioned  in  all  of  its  markets  and  has  a 
number  of  new  product  launches  planned  in  the  next  12 
months. Synerject has a strong balance sheet and the active 
support of both parents.

Synerject Revenue

140

120

100

80

60
US $m
40

20

0

8
7
6
5
4
US $m
3
2
1
0

10

8

6

4
US $m

2

0

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5
A $m

1

0.5

0

FY09

FY10

FY11

Synerject Profit After Tax

FY09

FY10

FY11

Synerject Free Cashflow

FY09

FY10

FY11

Orbital Equity Accounted Result

FY09

FY10

FY11

 
 
 
 
 
 
Orbital’s heavy 
duty engine test 
cell continues 
to be in high 
demand.

Consulting Services

June 2011 
$’000 

June 2010
$’000

Revenue 

Contribution 

9,492  

161  

9,621 

1,031 

Orbital  Consulting  Services  (OCS)  provides  engineering 
consulting services, design, development and testing in the 
areas  of  engine  design,  engine  combustion,  fuel  systems, 
engine  management  systems,  alternative  fuels,  engine 
and  vehicle  testing  and  certification.  Orbital  provides  fuel 
economy and emissions solutions to a wide variety of vehicle 
applications, from small displacement utility engines to large 
transportation and power generation applications.  

OCS  revenue  of  $9,492,000  was  marginally  lower  than 
FY2010.  A  significant  portion  of  OCS  customers  are 
overseas  and  the  strong  Australian  dollar  has  meant  that 
OCS services are less competitive globally and margins are 
under pressure. Orbital continues to win new programs on a 
consistent basis due to the unique technology and services 
offered by Orbital, and the order book is higher now than 
this time last year.  

Orbital’s new dual fuel LNG system development continues 
working  with  Western  Australia’s  Mitchell  Corporation 
(recently acquired by Toll Transport).   The initial pilot level 
fleet of three LNG system fitted prime movers has expanded 
to nine.  Mitchell has achieved significant fuel cost savings 
compared  to  diesel  fuel  only  operation  and  improved 
reliability.  Orbital’s success with the Mitchell LNG program 
has  generated  interest  from  the  broader  transport  industry.  
To expand significantly in this segment will require industry 
buy-in,  expanded  fuelling  infrastructure  and  additional 
investment.    We  see  this  as  a  growth  area;  however  we 
will continue to have a measured approach to limit Orbital’s 
future financial exposure without limiting the upside in LNG 
for transport.

Major  work  for  OCS  is  the  development  of  spark  ignition 
heavy  fuel  engines  for  UAS  (unmanned  aerial  systems) 
applications.  Orbital’s  proprietary  FlexDITM  systems  enable 
a petrol type engine to run on heavy fuels and continue to 
deliver  high  performance.  Orbital  goes  beyond  FlexDITM 
offering engine design, development and prototype engine 
systems  for  various  customer  applications.    We  anticipate 
that this segment of our business will grow and strategically it 
is complementary to Orbital’s alternative fuels initiative.

The  Changan  program  has  been  successfully  completed, 
confirming the capability of the Orbital FlexDITM fuel system, 
which  was  integrated  into  Changan’s  new  Intelligent 
Compound  Combustion  system  (ICCS).    Orbital  and 
Changan  hit  the  target  of  20%  reduction  for  vehicle  fuel 
consumption as measured on the European Drive Cycle. The 
improved performance of the engine was also demonstrated 
in  the  vehicle  assessment.  Changan  are  satisfied  with  the 
results  and  displayed  the  engine  concept  at  the  Shanghai 
Auto show in April 2011.

Orbital’s heavy duty engine test cell continues to be in high 
demand, with the test facility working extended hours during 
the year to match customer demand plus supporting Orbital’s 
large engine R&D.  The heavy duty test facility has proven to 
be a worthwhile investment.

Orbital’s  core  engineering  group  provides  engineering  fee 
for service to external customers and creates new products 
for  the  Orbital  group.    The  support  ranges  from  advanced 
engine R&D through to development of LPG aftermarket kits 
and support for customer application programs.

At 31 July, 2011 Orbital had an order book of $4,630,000 
(30 June 2010: $3,400,000)

Royalties and Licences

June 2011 
$’000 

June 2010
$’000

Revenue 
Contribution 

1,081 
610 

1,199 
732

Orbital  earns  royalties  and  licenses  from  products  using 
its  FlexDITM  systems  and  technology.    The  royalty  bearing 
products  today  are  in  the  recreational  and  scooter/
motorcycle markets.   

Orbital’s key royalty earning products, the Mercury Marine 
Optimax and the Tohatsu TLDI, achieved a slight increase in 
volume in a relatively flat global outboard engine market. As 
Orbital’s  royalties  are  predominantly  earned  in  US  Dollars 
the  volume  increase  was  however  offset  by  the  strength  of 
the Australian Dollar. 

The  recreational  market  growth  is  expected  to  remain  flat, 
especially in the key North American market, due to financial 
insecurity and the general careful use of discretionary income.

Changan’s ICCS engine incorporating Orbital’s FlexDI technology

Mercury Optimax outboard engines

Annual Report 2011   7

 
 
 
 
 
 
Orbital 
acquired 55% 
of the business 
of Sprint Gas 
Australia.

Review of Operations

Other

Outlook

The Orbital Board targeted a return to underlying operating 
profits in FY2011. That has been achieved. 

Year over year, changes in the exchange rate and markets 
impacted  profitability.  The  strong  Australian  dollar  has 
made our engineering services less competitive for overseas 
customers and the translation of royalty revenue and Orbital’s 
share  of  Synerject’s  results  were  both  negatively  impacted. 
The  launch  of  the  Ford  EcoLPi  Falcon  range  was  delayed 
which meant that OAGS sales of the newly developed Liquid 
LPi system to Ford were negligible in FY2011. The Australian 
LPG retrofit market is at record lows impacting the launch of 
the recently developed LLi retrofit kits.

Notwithstanding  the  impacts  to  the  operating  environment 
a $2,463,000 improvement in underlying operating result 
was  achieved  through  cost  reduction  and  efficiencies  and 
the continuing growth of revenue and profits of Synerject.

Continued  delivery  on  our  strategy  and  the  investments  to 
date provides a solid foundation for targeted growth in the 
coming year:

Ford has now launched the EcoLPi Falcon which is receiving 
excellent  media  coverage  and  positive  feedback  from  the 
market.

Synerject has launched a number of new products in FY2011 
and plans further product launches in FY2012. 

Sprint  Gas  was  acquired  on  27th  May  2011  and  will 
contribute full year earnings in FY2012. Sprint Gas revenue 
was approximately $7,300,000 in FY2011. 

OAGS  has  now  developed  approximately  50  Liquid  LPi 
aftermarket kits and trained a national network of installers. 
OAGS  will  also  distribute  through  Sprint  Gas’s  long 
established distribution channels.

Orbital’s UAS engine systems initiative is gaining momentum 
and FlexDITM provides Orbital with a unique position in this 
market.  

Orbital  expects  Royalties  to  be  flat  year  on  year  and  the 
Consulting Services business to provide some growth and a 
marginally improved contribution. As noted above the OCS 
order book at 31 July 2011 is $4,630,000. 

The  business  efficiencies  achieved  in  FY2011  will  provide 
benefits  in  FY2012  with  reduction  in  overheads  (on  a  like 
for  like  basis).  The  integration  of  Sprint  Gas  will  provide 
synergistic benefits for both Sprint Gas and OAGS. 

As  noted  above  the  sale  of  property  has  provided  a  cash 
reserve for strategic growth. The Board will assess acquisition 
opportunities  as  they  arise  and  direct  R&D  investment  in  a 
number of alternative fuel application opportunities. 

The  Orbital  Board  looks  forward  to  growth,  improving  our 
profitability and delivering sustainable operating cashflows. 

In February 2011 Orbital completed the sale and leaseback 
of its land and buildings in Balcatta for $8,650,000.  The 
sale  generated  a  net  profit  of  approximately  $4,237,000 
and  provides  cash  reserves  for  strategic  acquisitions  such 
as  Sprint  Gas  and  organic  growth  opportunities  such  as 
the launch of the new Ford EcoLPi Falcon range of vehicles. 
Orbital  has  entered  into  a  lease  agreement  to  rent  the 
facilities for 10 years (plus two 5 year options) for an initial 
rent of $745,000 per annum.

In May 2011 Orbital acquired 55% of the business of Sprint 
Gas  Australia  for  $2,000,000.  Sprint  Gas,  founded  in 
1978,  imports,  assembles  and  distributes  automotive  LPG 
conversion kits in the Australian LPG aftermarket. Sprint Gas 
generated sales of approximately $7,300,000 in FY2011 
through  distribution  centres  in  Victoria,  Queensland  and 
Western Australia. The Sprint Gas business will compliment 
the recently developed range of Liquid LPi kits distributed by 
Orbital Autogas Systems. Put and call options are in place 
for the vendors remaining 45% holding of Sprint Gas which 
Orbital records as contingent (future) consideration. Orbital 
consolidates  100%  of  Sprint  Gas.  This  business  will  be 
reported in the Alternative Fuels segment going forward.  

Research  and  development  investment  of  $1,158,000 
(2010:  $1,152,000)  related  primarily  to  applications  of 
Orbital’s  FlexDITM  system  in  conjunction  with  the  Changan 
project in China.

During the year management irrevocably waived their right 
to  cash  bonuses  which  were  awarded  and  accrued  in 
FY2010,  resulting  in  a  credit  to  the  Income  Statement  of 
$407,000 in this year.

Other  overhead  expenses  were  managed  closely  and  a 
range of savings were achieved including corporate costs, 
travel and accommodation, communication, insurance and 
patent costs.

Cash Flow

Operating cash flows 
Synerject dividend 

Sale of Balcatta property 
Acquisition of Sprint Gas 
Other capital expenditures 
 and development costs 
Financing cash flow 

Movement in cash/short 
 term deposits 

June 2011 
$’000 

June 2010
$’000

(1,792) 
1,208 
(584) 
8,557 
(1,780) 

(1,074) 
(1,848) 

(5,049)
677
(4,372)
-
-

(2,478)
336

3,271 

(6,514)

Net cash used in operating activities (including the receipt of 
dividends from Synerject) was $584,000; an improvement 
of  $3,788,000  compared  to  FY2010.  Cash  utilised 
for  acquisition  of  plant  and  equipment  and  development 
costs  decreased  to  $1,074,000  (FY2010:  $2,478,000) 
as  Orbital  completed  the  investment  in  Liquid  LPi  retrofit 
kits  and  the  heavy  duty  engine  test  facility.  Orbital  repaid 
$1,848,000 loans (2010: $336,000 net drawdown). At 
30 June 2011 Orbital had cash and short term deposits of 
$6,874,000 (June 2010: $3,608,000).

8   AnnuAl RepORt 2010 

ORbitAl CORpORAtiOn limited

 
 
 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

The Directors present their report together with the financial 
report  of  Orbital  Corporation  Limited  (the  Company 
or  Orbital)  and  of  the  Group,  being  the  Company,  its 
subsidiaries and the Group’s interest in its associates for the 
year ended 30 June 2011 and the auditors’ report thereon.

Ref  Contents of Directors’ Report 

Page

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

Directors 

Company Secretary 

Principal Activities 

Consolidated Result 

Directors’ Meetings 

Directors’ Interests 

7.  Operating and Financial Review 

8. 

9. 

Dividends 

State of Affairs 

10.  Events Subsequent to Balance Date 

11. 

Likely Developments and Expected Results 

12.  Share Options 

13. 

Indemnification and Insurance of Officers 

14.  Non-Audit Services 

15. 

Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

16.  Rounding Off 

17.  Remuneration Report 

1. 

DIRECTORS

9

10

10

10

10

10

10

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

12

12

13

The Directors of the Company at any time during or since the 
end of the financial year are:

Mr William Peter Day,  
LLB (Hons), MBA, FCPA, FCA, GAICD 
Chairman, Independent Non-Executive Director

Joined the Board and appointed Chairman in August 2007.  
Mr  Day  retired  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  the  global 
packaging  group  Amcor  in  2007.    He  has  a  diversified 
background in finance and general management in mining, 
manufacturing, food and financial services industries.  

He  has  held  senior  executive  and  director  positions  with 
Bonlac Foods, Rio Tinto, CRA and Comalco including Chief 
Financial  Officer  at  Commonwealth  Aluminum  Corporation 
(USA)  and  Managing  Director,  CRA  Business  Services 
in  Australia.    He  is  a  former  Chairman  of  the  Australian 
Accounting Standards Board, and was Deputy Chairman of 
the Australian Securities & Investments Commission. 

Mr  Day  is  a  member  of  the  Company’s  Audit  Committee 
and  the  Company’s  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and 
Nomination Committee.

Mr Day is a non-executive director of Ansell Limited (appointed 
20 August 2007), SAI Global Limited (appointed 15 August 
2008)  and  Centro  Retail  Trust  Limited  (also  Chairman 
appointed  01  October  2009).    He  is  also  involved  in  a 
number of public interest activities.

Mr Terry Dewayne Stinson,  
BBA (magna cum laude) 
Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer

conglomerate 

Joined  the  Board  in  June  2008.    Mr  Stinson  has  been  a 
senior  executive  with  Siemens  VDO,  Europe’s  largest 
engineering 
(recently  purchased  by 
Continental Corporation), with direct responsibility for sales 
in  excess  of  US$300  million  per  annum  in  their  Gasoline 
Systems,  Fuel  Systems  and  Fuel  Components  operations  in 
the  United  States,  Germany,  Italy,  China  and  support  in 

many others. Mr Stinson has also served as a representative 
Director for Siemens VDO on the Synerject Board.

Prior  to  that,  he  held  the  position  of  VP  Manufacturing  for 
Outboard Marine Corporation, a privately held US$1 billion 
multinational outboard marine propulsion and boat company 
and executive positions with Synerject and Mercury Marine.

Mr  Stinson  was  appointed  a  Member  of  the  Australian 
Industry Innovation Council (AIIC) in 2009 and is Chairman 
of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd.

Dr Mervyn Thomas Jones,  
B.E(Hons), Ph.D, DipBusStuds, CEng (UK), FIChemE (UK), 
FAICD, MIoD (NZ) 
Independent Non-Executive Director

Joined the Board in March 2008.  Dr Jones has more than 40 
years experience as a consulting engineer and as a senior 
executive.  He has specific expertise in the development and 
management of organic business growth in the Asia Pacific 
region,  as  well  as  acquisition  experience  in  both  Australia 
and China.  

Dr  Jones  chairs  the  Company’s  Audit  Committee  (since  28 
February  2011)  and  is  also  a  member  of  the  Company’s 
Human Resources, Remuneration and Nomination Committee 
(Chairman until 28 February 2011).

Dr Jones is also a non-executive director of Pacific Environment 
Limited  (appointed  3  July  2009,  appointed  Chairman  16 
February 2010). 

Dr Vijoleta Braach-Maksvytis,  
BSc (Hons), Ph.D, MAICD  
Independent Non-Executive Director

Joined the Board in March 2008.  Dr Braach-Maksvytis is 
an innovation strategist with more than 20 years experience 
in  organisational  change,  formation  of  cross-sectoral  and 
global  partnerships,  the  commercialisation  of  technology, 
and  intellectual  property  strategy.    Previous  roles  include 
Head of the Office of the Chief Scientist of Australia, Science 
Executive  and  Director  Global  Development  for  CSIRO, 
and  most  recently,  Deputy  Vice  Chancellor  Innovation  and 
Development at the University of Melbourne, and is currently 
an advisor in the area of social innovation.

Dr Braach-Maksvytis pioneered nanotechnology in Australia 
and holds over 20 patents in the field. Dr Braach-Maksvytis 
was a Member of the Australian Federal Government’s Green 
Car Innovation Fund Committee and on the advisory board 
of the Intellectual Property Research Institute of Australia, and 
is a member of a number of other public interest boards.  

Dr  Braach-Maksvytis  chairs 
the  Company’s  Human 
Resources, Remuneration and Nomination Committee (since 
28 February 2011) and is also a member of the Company’s 
Audit Committee.

Dr Braach-Maksvytis is also a non-executive director of AWE 
Limited (appointed 7 October 2010).

Mr John Grahame Young,  
LLB, FTIA, TEP 
Independent Non-Executive Director

Mr  Young  retired  from  the  Board  on  28  February  2011.  
Joined the Board in November 1985.  Mr Young is a lawyer 
with more than 30 years experience in corporate, revenue 
and  intellectual  property  law.    He  has  been  a  director  of 
Cape Bouvard Investments Pty Ltd since 1998.

Mr  Young  chaired  the  Company’s  Audit  Committee  and 
was  also  a  member  of  the  Company’s  Human  Resources, 
Remuneration and Nomination Committee.

ORbitAl CORpORAtiOn limited  

 AnnuAl RepORt 2010   9

Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

2. 

COMPANY SECRETARY

Mr Ian G Veitch, B.Bus, GradDipACG, CA was appointed 
to the position of Company Secretary on 1 July 2009. He 
is  a  Chartered  Accountant  with  over  17  years  experience 
in  corporate  accounting  and  an  Affiliate  of  Chartered 
Secretaries Australia.

3. 

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

Orbital is an international developer of innovative technical 
solutions for a cleaner world.  Orbital provides innovation, 
design, product development and operational improvement 
services  to  the  world’s  producers,  suppliers,  regulators  and 
end  users  of  engines  and  engine  management  systems 
for  applications  in  motorcycles,  marine  and  recreational 
vehicles, automobiles and trucks.

There  were  no  significant  changes  in  the  nature  of  the 
activities of the Group during the year.

4. 

CONSOLIDATED RESULT

The  consolidated  profit  after  income  tax  for  the  year 
attributable  to  the  members  of  Orbital  was  $1,763,084 
(2010:$4,515,451 profit).

5. 

DIRECTORS’ MEETINGS

The number of Directors’ meetings (including meetings of the committees of Directors) and the number of meetings attended by each 
of the Directors of the Company during the financial year are shown below.

Directors’ 
Meetings 

Audit Committee 
Meetings 

Human Resources, Remuneration  
& Nomination Committee Meetings

Director 

No. of  
meetings 
attended 

No. of 
meetings 
held* 

No. of 
meetings 
attended 

No. of 
meetings 
held* 

No. of 
meetings 
attended 

No. of 
meetings 
held*

W P Day 
T D Stinson 
M T Jones 
V Braach-Maksvytis 
J G Young 

11 
11 
11 
10 
8 

11 
11 
11 
11 
8 

4 
 -  
4 
4 
3 

4 
 -  
4 
4 
3 

* number of meetings held during the time the director held office during the year.

3 
- 
3 
3 
2 

3
-
3
3
2

6. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS

The relevant interest of each Director in the share capital of the 
Company shown in the Register of Directors’ Shareholdings 
as at the date of this report is as follows: -

 Director 

 W P Day 

 T D Stinson 

 M T Jones 

Ordinary 
Shares 

ELTSP 
Rights 

Performance 
Rights

 10,000  

 -  

 - 

  375,690   1,320,000    1,150,000 

 18,000  

 -  

 -  

 - 

 - 

 V Braach-Maksvytis 

 -  

  403,690   1,320,000    1,150,000 

7. 

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW

A  comprehesive  review  of  operations  of  the  consolidated 
entity, is set out in pages 4 to 8 of this report.

10   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
8. 

DIVIDENDS

No dividend has been paid or proposed in respect of the 
current financial year.

9. 

STATE OF AFFAIRS

In May 2011, the Group acquired 55% of the voting shares 
of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd, a new company incorporated to 
acquire the operating business of Sprint Gas, an Australian 
business  specialising  in  the  importation  and  wholesaling 
of  LPG  Fuel  systems  (refer  note  38).  There  were  no  other 
significant changes in the state of affairs of the Group during 
the  financial  year,  other  than  as  reported  elsewhere  in  the 
financial statements.

10. 

EVENTS SUBSEQUENT TO BALANCE DATE

On  11  August  2011  the  Company  announced  that  its 
American Depositary Shares will begin trading on the NYSE 
Amex on 25 August 2011.  

There has not arisen in the interval between the end of the 
financial  year  and  the  date  of  this  report  any  other  item, 
transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  directors  of  the  Company,  to  affect 
significantly the operations of the Group, the results of those 
operations, or the state of affairs of the Group, in future years.

11. 

LIKELY DEVELOPMENTS AND EXPECTED RESULTS

Information as to the likely developments in the operations of 
the Group is set out in the review of operations above.  Further 
information  as  to  the  likely  developments  in  the  operations 
of  the  Group  and  the  expected  results  of  those  operations 
in subsequent financial years has not been included in this 
report because to include such information would be likely to 
result in unreasonable prejudice to the Group.

12. 

SHARE OPTIONS

The  Company  has  no  unissued  shares  under  option  at  the 
date of this report.

13. 

INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE OF 
OFFICERS

To  the  extent  permitted  by  law,  the  Company  indemnifies 
every officer of the Company against any liability incurred 
by that person:

(a)  in his or her capacity as an officer of the Company; and 

(b)  to a person other than the Company or a related body 

corporate of the Company 

unless  the  liability  arises  out  of  conduct  on  the  part  of  the 
officer which involves a lack of good faith.

During the year the Company paid a premium in respect of 
a contract insuring all Directors, Officers and employees of 
the Company (and/or any subsidiary companies of which it 
holds greater than 50% of the voting shares) against liabilities 
that may arise from their positions within the Company and 
its controlled entities, except where the liabilities arise out of 
conduct involving a lack of good faith.  The Directors have 
not included details of the nature of the liabilities covered or 
the amount of the premium paid in respect of the insurance 
contract  as  disclosure  is  prohibited  under  the  terms  of  the 
contract.

14. 

NON-AUDIT SERVICES

During the year Ernst & Young, the Company’s auditor, has 
performed certain other services in addition to their statutory 
duties.

The  Board  has  considered  the  non-audit  services  provided 
during the year by the auditor and in accordance with advice 
provided by resolution of the Audit Committee is satisfied that 
the provision of those non-audit services by the auditor during 
the  year  is  compatible  with,  and  did  not  compromise,  the 
auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 
2001 for the following reasons:

•	 all	 non-audit	 services	 were	 subject	 to	 the	 corporate	
governance procedures adopted by the Company and 
have been reviewed by the Audit Committee to ensure 
that they do not impact the integrity and objectivity of the 
auditor;

•	

the	 non-audit	 services	 do	 not	 undermine	 the	 general	
principles  relating  to  auditor  independence  as  set  out 
in Professional Statement F1 Professional Independence, 
as they did not involve reviewing or auditing the auditor’s 
own work, acting in a management or decision making 
capacity for the Company, acting as an advocate for the 
Company or jointly sharing risks and rewards.

Details of the amounts paid to the auditor of the Company, 
Ernst & Young, and its related practices for audit and non-
audit services provided during the year are shown in note 42 
to the financial statements.

Annual Report 2011   11

 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

15. 

LEAD AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE DECLARATION 
UNDER SECTION 307C OF THE CORPORATIONS 
ACT 2001

The  directors  received  the  following  declaration  from  the 
auditor of Orbital Corporation Limited.

Auditor’s independence declaration to the Directors of 
Orbital Corporation Limited

In  relation  to  our  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial 
report  of  Orbital  Corporation  Limited  and 
its 
controlled entities for the year ended 30 June 2011, 
to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief,  there  have 
been no contraventions of the auditor independence 
requirements  of  the  Corporations  Act  2001  or  any 
applicable code of professional conduct. 

Ernst & Young 

G Lotter, Partner 
Perth 

23 August 2011

16. 

ROUNDING OFF 

The Company is of a kind referred to in ASIC Class Order 
98/100 dated 10 July 1998 and in accordance with that 
Class Order, amounts in the financial report and Directors’ 
Report have been rounded off to the nearest thousand dollars 
unless otherwise indicated.

12   Orbital

17. 

REMUNERATION REPORT - AUDITED

17.2. 

Remuneration at a glance

Orbital’s remuneration strategy is designed to attract, motivate 
and  retain  employees  and  non-executive  directors  by 
identifying and rewarding high performers and recognising 
the contribution of each employee to the continued growth 
and success of the Group.

There  have  been  no  material  changes  to  the  medium-term 
incentive  (MTI)  bonus  plan  for  the  2011  financial  year. 
As  in  previous  years,  incentive  payments  are  based  on  1) 
Profit  after  tax,  2)  Operating  Cash  Flow,  and  3)  Pro-rata 
Consolidated Sales.

Long-term incentive (LTI) awards consisting of shares that vest 
based  on  attainment  of  pre-determined  performance  goals 
are  awarded  to  select  executives.  For  the  2011  financial 
year,  the  Company  used  relative  total  shareholder  return 
and  earnings  per  share  as  the  performance  measures  for 
the  share  awards.  During  the  2011  financial  year,  the 
performance hurdles for the 2008 grant of shares were not 
met and no shares were vested.

As a result of the one for ten share consolidation conducted 
by  the  Company  during  the  financial  year,  all  of  the  LTI 
targets impacted by the number of shares outstanding have 
been reset to maintain their relativity.

The remuneration of non-executive directors of the Company 
consists only of directors’ fees and committee fees. Director 
fees and committee fees were reviewed and adjusted during 
the year.  The Chairman, Mr Peter Day, sacrificed a portion 
of his directors fee in the 2011 financial year.

Remuneration strategy

Orbital’s remuneration strategy is designed to attract, motivate 
and  retain  employees  and  non-executive  directors  by 
identifying and rewarding high performers and recognising 
the contribution of each employee to the continued growth 
and success of the Group.

To  this  end,  key  objectives  of  the  Company’s  reward 
framework are to ensure that remuneration practices:

•	 Are	aligned	to	the	Group’s	business	strategy

•	 Offer	 competitive	 remuneration	 benchmarked	 against	

the external market

•	 Provide	 strong	 linkage	 between	 individual	 and	 Group	

performance and rewards

•	 Align	the	interests	of	executives	with	shareholders	through	

measuring total shareholder return (TSR)

Principles of compensation

This  Remuneration  Report  for  the  year  ended  30  June 
2011  outlines  the  director  and  executive  remuneration 
arrangements of the Company and the Group in accordance 
with the requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and its 
Regulations. For the purposes of this report Key Management 
Personnel (KMP) are defined as those persons having authority 
and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the 
major  activities  of  the  Company  and  the  Group,  directly 
or  indirectly,  including  any  director  (whether  executive  or 
otherwise) of the parent company, and the senior executives 
of the Group and Company.  Remuneration disclosures for 
two senior managers of the Group who are not KMP but are 
within the 5 highest paid executives of the Company and the 
Group is also presented.

The  remuneration  report  is  presented  under  the  following 
sections:

17.1.   Individual key management personnel and other 

executives disclosures

17. 2.   Remuneration at a glance
17. 3.   Board oversight of remuneration
17. 4.   Non-executive director remuneration arrangements
17. 5.   Executive remuneration arrangements
17. 6.   Company performance and the link to 

remuneration

17. 7.   Executive contractual arrangements
17. 8.  Remuneration tables
17. 9.   Equity instruments 

17.1. 

Individual Key Management Personnel and 
Other Executives Disclosures

Details  of  KMP  and  the  highest  paid  executives  of  the 
Company and the Group are set out below.

Key management personnel 

(i) Directors

W Peter Day Chairman (Non-executive)

Mervyn T Jones (Non-executive)

Vijoleta Braach-Maksvytis (Non-executive)

J Grahame Young (Non-executive) – 
retired 28 February 2011

Terry D Stinson (Executive)

(ii) Executives

Keith A Halliwell – Chief Financial Officer

B Anthony Fitzgerald – Director, Orbital Autogas Systems – 
resigned 1 July 2011

Geoff  P  Cathcart  –  Director,  Consulting  Services  & 
Engineering

Other  than  the  resignation  of  B  Anthony  Fitzgerald,  there 
were  no  other  changes  to  KMP  after  reporting  date  and 
before the date the financial report was authorised for issue.

Other executives

David  R  Worth  –  Director,  Business  Development,  Orbital 
Consulting Services 

Ian G Veitch – Company Secretary

Annual Report 2011   13

 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

17.3.  Board Oversight of Remuneration

Structure

The  remuneration  of  non-executive  directors  consists  of 
directors’ fees and committee fees. Non-executive directors 
do not receive retirement benefits, nor do they participate in 
any incentive programs.

The  Chairman  of  the  Board  receives  a  fee  of  $105,000 
which also covers membership of Committees of the Board.  
The  Chairman  sacrificed  a  portion  of  his  fee  in  the  2011 
financial  year.    Each  non-executive  director  receives  a 
base  fee  of  $55,000  for  being  a  director  of  the  Group. 
An  additional  fee  of  $3,500  is  also  paid  for  each  Board 
committee on which a non-executive director sits or $8,000 
if  the  director  is  the  Chairman  of  a  Board  committee.  The 
payment  of  additional  fees  for  serving  on  a  committee 
recognises the additional time commitment required by non-
executive directors who serve on committees.

The  remuneration  of  non-executive  directors  for  the  year 
ended  30  June  2011  and  30  June  2010  is  detailed  in 
Section 17.8 of this report.

17.5.  Executive Remuneration Arrangements

Remuneration levels and mix

The  Group  aims  to  reward  executives  with  a  level  and 
mix  of  remuneration  commensurate  with  their  position  and 
responsibilities  within  the  Group  and  aligned  with  market 
practice.    The  Group  undertakes  an  annual  remuneration 
review  to  determine  the  total  remuneration  positioning 
against the market.

The  CEO’s  target  remuneration  mix  comprises  60%  fixed 
remuneration, 20% target MTI opportunity and 20% LTI. The 
LTI  value  is  the  total  accounting  expense  associated  with 
the grant made during the financial year. Executives’ target 
remuneration  mix  ranges  from  65-85%  fixed  remuneration, 
8-20% target MTI opportunity and 7-15% LTI.

Structure

In  the  2011  financial  year,  the  executive  remuneration 
framework consisted of the following components:

•	

•	

Fixed	remuneration

Variable	remuneration	(MTI	and	LTI)

Human Resources, Remuneration and Nomination 
Committee

The  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee  reviews  and  makes  recommendations  to  the 
Board on remuneration packages and policies applicable to 
directors, secretary and senior executives of the Company.  

Data  is  obtained  from  independent  surveys  to  ensure  that 
compensation  throughout  the  Group  is  set  at  market  rates 
having  regard  to  experience  and  performance.  In  this 
regard,  formal  performance  appraisals  are  conducted  at 
least  annually  for  all  employees.  Compensation  packages 
may  include  a  mix  of  fixed  compensation,  performance-
based compensation and equity-based compensation.

The  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee  comprises  three  independent  non-executive 
directors.  Further  information  on  the  committee’s  role, 
responsibilities  and  membership  can  be  seen  at  www.
orbitalcorp.com.au.

Remuneration approval process

The  Board  approves  the  remuneration  arrangements  of 
the  CEO  and  executives  and  all  awards  made  under  the 
long-term  incentive  (LTI)  plan,  following  recommendations 
from  the  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee. The Board also sets the aggregate remuneration 
of non-executive directors which is then subject to shareholder 
approval.

The  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee approves, having regard to the recommendations 
made  by  the  CEO,  the  medium-term  incentive  (MTI)  bonus 
plan.

Remuneration structure

In  accordance  with  best  practice  corporate  governance, 
the  structure  of  non-executive  directors  and  executive 
remuneration is separate and distinct.

17.4.  Non-Executive Director Remuneration 

Arrangements

Remuneration policy

The Board seeks to set aggregate remuneration at a level that 
provides the Company with the ability to attract and retain 
directors of the highest calibre, whilst incurring a cost that is 
acceptable to shareholders.

The  amount  of  aggregate  remuneration  sought  to  be 
approved by shareholders and the fee structure is reviewed 
against fees paid to non-executive directors of comparable 
companies.  The  Board  considers  advice  from  external 
consultants when undertaking the review process.

The  Company’s  constitution  and  the  ASX  listing  rules 
specify  that  the  non-executive  directors’  fee  pool  shall  be 
determined from time to time by a general meeting. The latest 
determination  was  at  the  2001  annual  general  meeting 
(AGM)  held  on  25  October  2001  when  shareholders 
approved an aggregate fee pool of $400,000 per year.

The Board will not seek any increase for the non-executive 
director pool at the 2011 AGM.

14   Orbital

17.5.  Executive Remuneration Arrangements (continued)

The table below illustrates the structure of Orbital Corporation Limited’s executive remuneration arrangements:

Remuneration component

Fixed compensation

MTI component

LTI component

Vehicle
	Represented 
by total fixed 
remuneration 
(TFR).
	Comprises 
base salary, 
Superannuation 
contributions 
and other 
benefits.
	Paid in cash.

Purpose
	Set with reference to role, market 

and experience.

	Executives are given the opportunity 
to receive their fixed remuneration 
in a variety of forms including cash 
and fringe benefits such as motor 
vehicles. It is intended that the 
manner of payment chosen will be 
optimal for the recipient without 
creating undue cost for the Group.

	Rewards executives for their 

contribution to achievement of 
Group outcomes.

	Awards are 
made in the 
form of shares 
or performance 
rights.

	Rewards executives for their 
contribution to the creation of 
shareholder value over the longer 
term.

Link to performance
	No link to company 
performance.

	Profit after tax.
	Pro-rata Consolidated 

Sales.

	Operating Cash 

Flows.

	Vesting of awards is 
dependent on Orbital 
Corporation Limited’s 
TSR performance 
relative to a peer 
group and its Earnings 
Per Share.

Fixed compensation

Fixed compensation consists of base compensation (which is calculated on a total cost basis and includes any FBT charges related 
to employee benefits including motor vehicles), as well as employer contributions to superannuation funds.

Executive contracts of employment do not include any guaranteed base pay increases. TFR is reviewed annually by the remuneration 
committee.  The  process  consists  of  a  review  of  company,  business  unit  and  individual  performance,  relevant  comparative 
remuneration internally and externally and, where appropriate, external advice independent of management.

The fixed component of executives’ remuneration is detailed in Section 17.8.

Variable remuneration — short-term incentive (STI)

Orbital does not provide a STI for KMP.

Variable remuneration — medium-term incentive (MTI)

The medium term incentive, replacing the short term incentive, was established in 2009 to incentivise executives to achieve stretch 
key performance indicators (KPI’s). The MTI plan is a target based plan rather than a time based plan.  

Executive directors and senior executives may receive MTI bonuses based on the achievement of key performance indicators (“KPI’s”) 
related to the performance of the Group over the medium term. The three KPI’s chosen by the Human Resource, Remuneration and 
Nomination Committee in August 2009 relate to 1) Profit after tax, 2) Operating Cash Flow, and 3) Pro-rata Consolidated Sales.  
These three measures are chosen as they directly align the individual’s reward to the Group’s strategy and performance.  

The KPI’s are summarised as follows:

Key Performance Indicator

Proportion of MTI award 
KPI applies to

Minimum KPI
$’000

Financial measure:
	Profit after tax
	Operating Cash Flow
	Pro-rata Consolidated Sales

33%
33%
33%

100
100 
100,000

Stretch KPI
$’000

9,000
2,700 
150,000

Bonuses can only be paid if Orbital generates a profit after tax and also generates positive operating cash flow (before working 
capital  movements).    Abnormal  one-off  items  influencing  the  KPIs  may  be  excluded  at  the  discretion  of  the  Human  Resources, 
Remuneration and Nomination Committee. No bonus will be paid unless the Board is satisfied that Orbital has sufficient cash 
reserves.

Bonuses are awarded when a target is achieved which is higher than that which has already been achieved and rewarded.  The 
MTI earned accumulates over time as targets are achieved with any incremental MTI earned paid annually.

Annual Report 2011   15

 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

17.5.  Executive Remuneration Arrangements (continued)

Variable remuneration — medium-term incentive (MTI) (continued)

The  total  potential  MTI  available  is  set  at  a  level  so  as  to  provide  sufficient  incentive  to  executives  to  achieve  the  operational 
targets and such that the cost to the Group is reasonable in the circumstances.The annual MTI payments for executives are subject 
to the approval of the Human Resources, Remuneration and Nomination Committee on an annual basis, after consideration of 
performance against KPIs. This process usually occurs within three months after the reporting date. Payments made are delivered 
as a cash bonus in the following reporting period.

MTI awards for 2010 and 2011 financial years 

For the 2010 financial year, 100% of the MTI cash bonus of $406,645 as previously accrued in that period vested to executives, 
however all participants in the MTI scheme voluntarily and irrevocably waived their right to their MTI cash bonuses. The Group 
recorded a reversal of the MTI cash bonus of $406,645 during the current financial year.

The Human Resources, Remuneration and Nomination Committee has considered the MTI bonus for the 2011 financial year. The 
MTI cash bonus available for the 2011 financial year is nil. This amount has been determined on the basis that 1) the Group’s Profit 
after tax (after removing abnormal items) target for the year ended 30 June 2011 has been met, however 2) Positive Operating 
Cash Flows for the year ended 30 June 2011 were not achieved, and 3) the Consolidated Pro-rata Sales of the Group have not 
reached the minimum threshold of $100,000,000.

During the year the MTI bonus plan was altered so that Positive Operating Cash Flow (excluding working capital movements) is 
now a pre-requisite for the payment of any MTIs.

Estimates of the minimum and maximum possible total value of the award over time is as follows:

Name

Position

Terry Stinson

Chief Executive Officer

Keith Halliwell

Chief Financial Officer

Tony Fitzgerald

Director, Orbital Autogas Systems

Geoff Cathcart

Director, Consulting Services and Engineering 

David Worth

Director, Business Development, OCS

Ian Veitch

Company Secretary

Amount
(Min – Max)

0 - $630,000

0 - $359,478

0 - $332,013

0 - $269,325

0 - $166,971

0 -   $72,114

The maximum bonus is only payable if the stretch targets on all three of the KPI’s are achieved.  No bonus is awarded where 
performance falls below minimum thresholds.

Variable remuneration — long-term incentives (LTI)

 LTI awards are made annually to executives in order to align remuneration with the creation of shareholder value over the long-
term. As such, LTI awards are only made to executives and other key talent who have an impact on the Group’s performance 
against the relevant long-term performance measure.

Employee Share Plan No.1

Senior executives (together with all other eligible employees) are each offered shares in the Company, at no cost to the employees, 
to the value of $1,000 per annum under the terms of the Company’s Employee Share Plan.  There are no performance conditions, 
because  the  plan  is  designed  to  align  the  interests  of  participating  employees  with  those  of  shareholders.    Directors  do  not 
participate in Share Plan No.1.

Executive Long Term Share Plan

Executives may also be offered rights in the Company’s Executive Long Term Share Plan under which offered shares will vest for 
no consideration subject to the satisfaction of performance conditions over a 3 year period or subject to Board discretion for other 
qualifying reasons. The performance conditions, which are based 50% on the relative ranking of the Total Shareholder Return 
(“TSR”) of the Company to a group of selected peers, and 50% on Earnings Per Share (EPS) (FY2009: based 100% on TSR), apply 
to determine the number of shares (if any) that vest to the Executives.

TSR is the percentage increase in a company’s share price plus reinvested dividends over a given period and reflects the increase 
in value delivered to shareholders over that period. The peer group to which the Company’s TSR will be compared will comprise 
the 50 smallest companies, other than resource companies and property and investment trust companies, within the S&P / ASX 
300 Index. These companies have a similar market capitalisation to the Company. The TSR performance criterion was chosen 
as it is widely accepted as one of the best indicators of shareholder wealth creation as it includes share price growth, dividends 
and other capital adjustments.  In addition, this criterion provides a readily obtained objective means of measuring the Group’s 
performance against its peer group.

The Company’s TSR ranking at the end of the Performance Period, when compared to the TSR of the peer group will determine the 
percentage of shares originally offered which will vest to the Executive. 

16   Orbital

X
X

17.5.  Executive Remuneration Arrangements (continued)

Variable remuneration — long-term incentives (LTI) (continued)

The following table sets out the relevant percentages of shares offered which will vest based on various percentile rankings of the 
Company:

Company Performance
(TSR Ranking)

Up to the 50th percentile

% of offered shares
issued to each executive

0%

At or above the 50th percentile but below the 75th percentile

50% to 99% (on a straight line basis)

At or above the 75th percentile but below the 90th percentile

At or above the 90th percentile

100%

125%

No shares will be granted under the FY2009 offer unless the Company’s TSR is at or above the 50th percentile.  

No shares will be granted under the FY2011 and FY2010 offers unless the Company’s TSR is at or above the 50th percentile or 
the EPS for the years ended 30 June 2012 and 30 June 2013 is at or above 15 and 11 cents per share, respectively.  

TSR Performance targets under the LTI offered in FY2008 were not met in FY2011 and as a result nil (2010: 911,400) shares 
were issued to KMPs.

At the Company’s Annual General Meeting in October 2010, shareholders approved the above plan in relation to the ongoing 
remuneration of the Executive Director. 

Performance Rights Plan 

The Company also introduced a Performance Rights Plan in 2009 as part of the employment contact of Mr T D Stinson.  The 
Performance  Rights  Plan  was  approved  by  shareholders  in  October  2008.    The  Board  has  no  present  intention  to  utilise  the 
Performance Rights Plan for any other senior executives.

Under the Performance Rights Plan, performance rights will only be issued if the terms and conditions detailed below are satisfied.

A performance right is a right to acquire one fully paid ordinary share in the Company.  Until they are exercised, performance 
rights:

(i)  do not give the holder a legal or beneficial interest in shares of 

the Company; and

(ii)  do  not  enable  participating  executives  to  receive  dividends, 
rights on winding up, voting rights or other shareholder benefits.

Performance rights issued under the Performance Rights Plan will be 
exercisable if:

(i)  a performance hurdle is met over the periods specified by the 

Board; or

(ii) 

the Board allows early exercise on cessation of employment; or

(iii) 

it is determined by the Board in light of specific circumstances.

The  terms  and  conditions  of  the  offer  of  Performance  Rights  made 
during the year ended 30 June 2009 are as follows:

(i)  Mr  T  D  Stinson  will  be  awarded  1,150,000  performance 

rights;

(ii) 

the grant of performance rights will be in seven tranches, each 
tranche with a different specified share price target as set out in 
the next column:

Tranche

Number of 
performance rights

Share price  
target

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

200,000

200,000

200,000

$2.50

$5.00

$7.50

200,000

$10.00

125,000

$20.00

125,000

$30.00

100,000

$50.00

The target share prices were chosen as they directly align the director’s reward with group strategy.

(iii) 

the acquisition price and exercise price of the performance rights will be nil.

(iv)  Mr T D Stinson will only be permitted to exercise a performance right if:

•	 the	Company	attains	the	specified	share	price	target	(see	table	above)	within	eight	years	from	the	date	of	grant	of	the	

performance right; and

•	 the	specified	share	price	target	is	also	achieved	at	the	end	of	two	years	from	the	date	the	target	is	first	achieved	(“Vesting	
Date”) based on the Company’s average closing share price over a 90 day period up to and including the Vesting Date;

(v) 

If the specified share price target is either not achieved within eight years from the date of grant, or if so achieved, not also 
achieved at the end of the Vesting Date, the performance right will lapse.

No performance rights were granted during the year ended 30 June 2011.

Annual Report 2011   17

 
 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

17.5.  Executive Remuneration Arrangements (continued)

Termination and change of control provisions

Where a participant ceases employment prior to the vesting of their award, the unvested shares are forfeited unless the Board 
applies its discretion to allow vesting at or post cessation of employment in appropriate circumstances.

In the event of a change of control of the Group, the performance period end date will generally be brought forward to the date of 
the change of control and awards will vest subject to performance over this shortened period, subject to ultimate Board discretion.

LTI awards for 2011 financial year

Shares were granted under the Employee Share Plan No.1 to a number of executives on 17 January 2011.  No Shares were 
granted under the Executive Long Term Share Plan or the Performance Rights Plan during the 2011 financial year.

Details in respect of the award are provided in Section 17.9.

17.6.  Company performance and the link to remuneration 

Company performance and its link to medium-term incentives

Performance linked compensation includes both medium-term and long-term incentives and is designed to reward key management 
personnel for meeting or exceeding their financial and personal objectives.  The medium-term incentive (MTI), which has replaced 
the short term incentive, is an “at risk” bonus provided in the form of cash, while the long-term incentive (LTI) is provided as ordinary 
shares of Orbital Corporation Limited under the rules of the various Share Plans.

In considering the Group’s performance and benefits for shareholders wealth the Human Resources, Remuneration and Nomination 
Committee has regard to the following indices in respect of the current financial year and the previous four financial years.

Profit after tax, Pro-rata Consolidated Sales and Operating Cash Flows are considered in setting the MTI as they are considered 
important medium term performance targets. 

Company performance for the current year, the last 4 years and KPI targets are as follows:

Profit after tax

Operating Cash Flow

2007
$’000

1,333

(182)

2008
$’000

2009
$’000

2010
$’000

2011
$’000

Minimum KPI
$’000

Stretch KPI
$’000

469

(2,451)

4,516

1,763

73

(856)

(4,372)

(584)

positive

positive

100,000

9,000

2,700

150,000

Pro-rata Consolidated Sales

65,004

59,875

63,867

61,081

65,889

Operating Cash Flow (before 
working capital movements)*

(250)

901

(2,372)

(2,934)

(833)

positive

Not applicable

* A positive operating cash flow (before working capital movements) must be achieved as a pre-condition for the payment of any 
MTI.

Company performance and its link to long-term incentives

The performance measure which drives LTI vesting is the Company’s TSR performance relative to the companies within its peer 
group  and  earnings  per  share  (EPS).  The  table  below  show  the  performance  of  the  Group  as  measured  by  the  Group’s  total 
shareholder return (TSR) to the median of the TSR for peer group and also the Group’s earnings per share for the past five years 
(including the current period) to 30 June 2011.  The earnings per share values in the table below have been adjusted to reflect 
the share consolidation undertaken during the reporting period.

Company performance for the current year and last 4 years is as follows:

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012
Minimum

2013
Minimum

TSR ranking (percentile)

Earnings per share (cents)

*

3.00

76th

1.00

70th

(5.10)

56th

9.39

*

3.65

50th

15.00

50th

11.00

* The Company did not measure its TSR ranking in 2007 or 2011 as the Board determined that Orbital’s TSR would be below 
the median TSR of the peer group. 

As a result of the Company’s performance over the last five years, LTIs offered during 2005, 2006 and 2007 were fully vested 
in financial year 2008 and partially vested in financial years 2009 and 2010 respectively.  The performance target for the LTIs 
offered in 2008 were not met during the financial year 2011 and as such no shares were vested.

18   Orbital

X
X

17.7.  Executive contractual arrangements 

Remuneration arrangements for KMP are formalised in employment agreements. Details of these contracts are provided below.

CEO

The CEO, Mr. Stinson, is employed under a rolling contract.

Under the terms of the present contract as disclosed to the ASX on 14 September 2007:

•	

•	

•		

The	CEO	receives	fixed	remuneration	of	$350,000	per	annum

The	CEO’s	target	MTI	opportunity	per	annum	is	20%	of	annual	TEC	and	his	maximum	MTI	opportunity	per	annum	is	 
60% of TEC

The	CEO	is	eligible	to	participate	in	Orbital	Corporation	Limited’s	LTI	plan	on	terms	determined	by	the	Board,	subject	to	
receiving any required or appropriate shareholder approval

The CEO’s termination provisions are as follows:

Notice 
Period

Payment in lieu 
of notice

Treatment of MTI 
on termination

Treatment of LTI  
on termination

Termination  
payments

Employer initiated 
termination

Termination for 
serious misconduct

12 months

12 months

None

None

Pro-rated for time 
and performance

Board discretion

None

Unvested awards 
forfeited

Unvested awards 
forfeited

None

Employee-initiated 
termination

3 months

3 months

Unvested awards 
forfeited

Unvested awards 
forfeited subject to 
Board discretion

None

Other KMP

All other KMP have rolling contracts.

Standard KMP termination provisions are as follows:

Notice 
Period

Payment in 
lieu of notice

Treatment of MTI 
on termination

Treatment of LTI on 
termination

Termination  
payments

Employer 
initiated 
termination

1 month

1 month

Pro-rated for time 
and performance

Board discretion

4 weeks pay, plus 2 weeks 
pay for each completed 
year of service, plus for each 
completed year of service 
beyond 10, an additional 
1/2 weeks pay, plus a 
pro-rata payment for each 
completed month of service in 
the final year.  The maximum 
entitlement to termination pay 
is limited to 65 weeks pay.

Termination 
for serious 
misconduct

Employee-
initiated 
termination

None

None

Unvested awards 
forfeited

Unvested awards 
forfeited

None

1 month

1 month

Unvested awards 
forfeited

Unvested awards 
forfeited subject to 
Board discretion

None

Payments applicable to outgoing executives

The following arrangements applied to outgoing executives in office during the 2011 financial year:

•	

•		

Mr	Fitzgerald	received	a	termination	payment	of	$288,241,	in	accordance	with	the	Company’s	policy	on	termination	
payments, after over 29 years of service to the Group;

In	accordance	with	the	terms	of	the	Company’s	Executive	Long	Term	Share	Plan,	Mr	Fitzgerald’s	Executive	Long	Term	Share	
Plan rights that had not reached their vesting date were forfeited. 

Other than the termination of Mr Fitzgerald, there were no changes to the KMP of the Group for the year ended 30 June 2011 
or subsequent to 30 June 2011.

Annual Report 2011   19

 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

17.8.   Remuneration Tables

Details of the nature and amount of each major element of remuneration of each director of the Company and each of the five 
named Company executives, and relevant group executives who receive the highest remuneration are:

Non-executive Directors

W Peter Day
Chairman (Non-executive)

Mervyn T Jones
Director (Non-executive)

Vijoleta Braach-Maksvytis
Director (Non-executive)

J Grahame Young
Director (Non-executive)

Total Consolidated, all non-executive directors

Executive Director
Terry D Stinson
Director and Chief Executive Officer

Total Consolidated, all specified directors

Executives

Keith A Halliwell
Chief Financial Officer

B Anthony Fitzgerald (e)
Director, Orbital Autogas Systems

Geoff P Cathcart
Director, Consulting Services & Engineering

Other executives
David R Worth (f)
Director, Business Development OCS

Ian G Veitch (f)
Company Secretary

Total Consolidated, all specified executives

Year

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

Year

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

2011
2010

Short Term

Post Employment

Share Based Payments

Termination
Payments

Salary and 
Director's
Fees
$

Cash
Bonuses
$ (a)

Total
$

Employer 
Superannuation
Contributions

$

Employee
Share Plans
$ (b)(c)

Performance 
Rights Plan
$ (d)

$

Total
$

Proportion of 
remuneration 
performance 
related 
% (g)

63,075
96,376

60,827
55,092

57,955
50,505

41,949
52,358

223,806
254,331

322,892
321,101

546,698
575,432

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

(140,000)
140,000

(140,000)
140,000

63,075
96,376

60,827
55,092

57,955
50,505

41,949
52,358

223,806
254,331

182,892
461,101

406,698
715,432

5,676
8,674

5,475
4,958

5,216
4,545

3,775
4,712

20,142
22,889

36,144
38,532

56,286
61,421

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

113,800
58,383

113,800
58,383

49,283
49,283

49,283
49,283

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

68,751
105,050

66,302
60,050

63,171
55,050

45,724
57,070

243,948
277,220

382,119
607,299

626,067
884,519

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

31.2%
40.8%

21.3%
28.0%

Short Term

Post Employment

Share Based Payments

Termination
Payments

Employer 
Superannuation
Contributions

$

Employee
Share Plans
$ (b)(c)

Performance 
Rights Plan
$ (d)

Proportion of 
remuneration 
performance 
related 
% (g)

Total
$

Salary and 
Director's
Fees
$

Cash
Bonuses
$ (a)

256,694
245,701

230,593
225,629

196,340
186,998

174,288
170,203

155,268
147,926

(79,884)
79,884

(73,781)
73,781

(59,850)
59,850

(37,105)
37,105

(16,025)
16,025

Total
$

176,810
325,585

156,812
299,410

136,490
246,848

137,183
207,308

139,243
163,951

28,757
27,439

27,671
27,076

18,841
16,669

20,915
20,424

12,985
12,325

59,542
46,982

(41,647)
39,917

42,427
31,172

17,571
16,002

14,033
11,448

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

$

-
-

288,241
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

265,109
400,006

431,077
366,403

197,758
294,689

175,669
243,734

166,261
187,724

17.3%
31.7%

-8.2%
31.0%

16.5%
30.9%

8.3%
21.8%

7.7%
14.6%

6.1%
27.6%

1,013,183
976,457

(266,645)
266,645

746,538
1,243,102

109,169
103,933

91,926
145,521

288,241
-

1,235,874
1,492,556

Notes in relation to the table of directors’ and executive officers remuneration

(a)   

Bonuses are those paid or accrued as payable in relation to the year reported.  For the 2010 financial year, 100% of 
the MTI cash bonus of $406,645 as previously accrued in that period vested to executives, however all participants in 
the MTI scheme voluntarily and irrevocably waived their right to their MTI cash bonuses. The Group recorded a reversal 
of the MTI cash bonus of $406,645 during the current financial year.

(b)   

The fair value of the Employee Share Plan #1 is based upon the market value (at offer date) of shares offered.

(c)  

The fair value of the Executive Long Term Share plan (“ELTSP”) is calculated at the date of grant through utilisation of the 
assumptions underlying the Black-Scholes methodology to produce a Monte-Carlo simulation model and is allocated to 
each reporting period evenly over the period from grant date to vesting date.  The value disclosed is the portion of the 
fair value of the rights recognised in this reporting period.  In valuing the rights the market based hurdles that must be met 
before the executive long term share plan rights vest in the holder have been taken into account.

20   Orbital

          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
            
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
          
              
          
             
                
                  
                   
             
                   
        
              
         
           
                
                  
                   
            
                   
        
              
         
           
                
                  
                   
            
                   
        
      
         
           
         
             
                   
            
        
       
         
           
           
             
                   
            
        
      
         
           
         
             
                   
            
        
       
         
           
           
             
                   
            
 
        
       
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
        
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
       
         
           
          
                  
            
            
        
        
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
       
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
        
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
       
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
        
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
       
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
        
        
         
           
           
                  
                   
            
     
      
         
         
           
                  
            
         
        
       
      
         
         
                  
                   
         
X
X

17.8.   Remuneration Tables (continued)

TSR related rights

The  following  factors  and  assumptions  were  used  in  determining  the  fair  value  of  TSR  related  rights  issued  under  the  ELTSP  
on grant date:

Grant Date

Life

Fair Value 
per right

Exercise 
Price

Market price 
of shares on 
grant date

Expected 
volatility

Risk free interest 
rate

31-Aug-08

3 years

58 cents

31-Aug-09

3 years

38 cents

31-Aug-10

3 years

33 cents

nil

nil

nil

79 cents

62.70%

55 cents

65.00%

34 cents

60.00%

5.68%

5.03%

4.27%

EPS related rights

The  following  factors  and  assumptions  were  used  in  determining  the  fair  value  of  EPS  related  rights  issued  under  the  ELTSP  
on grant date:

Grant Date

Life

Fair Value 
per right

Exercise 
Price

Market price 
of shares on 
grant date

31-Aug-09

3 years

55 cents

31-Aug-10

3 years

34 cents

nil

nil

55 cents

34 cents

The fair value of the EPS related rights is equal to the market price of shares on the grant date.

(d)  

The fair value of the Performance Rights is calculated at the date of grant through utilisation of the assumptions underlying 
the Black-Scholes methodology to produce a Monte-Carlo simulation model and allocated to each reporting period evenly 
over the period from grant date to vesting date.  The value disclosed is the portion of the fair value of the performance 
rights  recognised  in  this  reporting  period.    In  valuing  the  performance  rights  the  hurdles  that  must  be  met  before  the 
executive long term share plan shares vest in the holder have been taken into account.

Grant Date

Life

Fair Value 
per right

Target 
price

Market price 
of shares on 
grant date

Expected 
volatility

Risk free interest 
rate

31-Aug-08

10 years

47 cents

  $2.50

79 cents

55.00%

31-Aug-08

10 years

35 cents

  $5.00

79 cents

55.00%

31-Aug-08

10 years

28 cents

  $7.50

79 cents

55.00%

31-Aug-08

10 years

23 cents

$10.00

79 cents

55.00%

31-Aug-08

10 years

13 cents

$20.00

79 cents

55.00%

31-Aug-08

10 years

9 cents

$30.00

79 cents

55.00%

31-Aug-08

10 years

5 cents

$50.00

79 cents

55.00%

5.75%

5.75%

5.75%

5.75%

5.75%

5.75%

5.75%

(e) 

(f)   

Mr Fitzgerald ceased to be a KMP on 1 July 2011.

Mr Worth  and  Mr  Veitch  are  included  above  as  their  remuneration  is  within  the  5  highest  paid  executives  not  being 
directors or KMP.

(g) 

The reversal of the cash bonus has been excluded from the calculation of proportion of remuneration performance related.

17.9.   Equity Instruments

All shares refer to ordinary shares of Orbital Corporation Limited.

Analysis of Shares Offered as Compensation

Details of the shares offered under the LTI to each key management person and specified senior managers during the reporting 
period are as shown below. Please refer to footnote (b) below for the terms and conditions relating to the granting of the rights 
offered under the Executive Long Term Share Plan.

Annual Report 2011   21

 
Directors’ Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

17.9. 

 Equity Instruments (continued)

Analysis of Shares Offered as Compensation (continued)

 Employee Share Plan No. 1 

Executive Long Term Share Plan

Executive Director

T D Stinson 

Executives 

K A Halliwell 

B A Fitzgerald 

G P Cathcart 

Other executives 

DW Worth 

IG Veitch 

Number of 
shares 
issued 

2011 
2010 

2011 
2010 
2011 
2010 
2011 
2010 

2011 
2010 
2011 
2010 

 -  
 -  

 3,369  
 1,625  
 3,369  
 1,625  
 3,369  
 1,625  

 3,369  
 1,625  
 3,369  
 1,625  

Number of 
Value (a)  Rights Granted/  Value (b) 
(Forfeited) 

$ 

$ 

 -  
 -  

 665,000  
 525,000  

 222,775  
 244,125  

Price 

- 
- 

$0.2968  
$0.6160  
$0.2968  
$0.6160  
$0.2968  
$0.6160  

 1,000  
 1,000  
 1,000  
 1,000  
 1,000  
 1,000  

 337,567  
 266,500  
 (316,000) 
 246,000  
 252,700  
 199,500  

 113,085  
 123,923  
 -    
 114,390  
 84,655  
 92,768  

Number of
Rights
Vested

 -  
 - 

 -  

40,920 

 -  

34,100 

 -  

16,120 

$0.2968  
$0.6160  
$0.2968  
$0.6160  

 1,000  
 1,000  
 1,000  
 1,000  

 88,033  
 69,500  
 76,000  
 60,000  

 29,492  
 32,318  
 25,460  
 27,900  

 -  

14,880 

 -  
3,100 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

The fair value of the employee share plan No. 1 based upon the market value (at offer date of 31 October 2010 and 
31 October 2009 respectively) of shares offered. These awards are fully vested.

Represents the fair value of rights offered on 31 August 2010 and 31 August 2009 respectively using a Monte-Carlo 
simulation model.  The vesting of the shares offered on 31 August 2010 is subject to the achievement of two performance 
conditions; a) 50% related to the Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) of the Company compared to a peer group of selected 
companies over a three year period, and b) 50% related to the Group achieving earnings in excess of 11 cents per share 
for the year ending 30 June 2013.  The vesting of the shares offered on 31 August 2009 is subject to the achievement of 
two performance conditions; a) 50% related to the Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) of the Company compared to a peer 
group of selected companies over a three year period, and b) 50% related to the Group achieving earnings in excess of 
15 cents per share for the year ending 30 June 2012. Performance conditions were met in respect of shares offered in 
August 2006 and shares in relation to that offer were vested at the expiration of the performance period during the 2010 
financial year.

No performance rights vested during the years ended 30 June 2011 or 30 June 2010.

As  a  result  of  the  one  for  ten  share  consolidation  conducted  on  20  October  2010  by  the  Company,  all  of  the  KPIs 
impacted by the number of shares outstanding have been reset by a multiple of 10 to maintain their relativity, whilst the 
number of rights outstanding for each offer has been divided by 10.  The share consolidation did not change the time 
remaining to expiry of the rights outstanding or change the total fair value of the rights outstanding at the time of the 
Company undertaking the share consolidation.  Refer to note 36 for details of number of awards outstanding and their 
new terms and conditions.  The share price on the consolidation date was $0.27.

End of Remuneration Report

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the Directors:

W P DAY   

Director 

T D STINSON

Managing Director

Dated at Perth, Western Australia this 23rd day of August 2011.

22   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

1.  

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AT ORBITAL

The  Board  of  Directors  of  Orbital  Corporation  Limited  is 
responsible  for  the  corporate  governance  of  the  Group.  
The Board guides and monitors the business and affairs of 
the Group on behalf of the shareholders by whom they are 
elected and to whom they are accountable.  This statement 
reports on Orbital’s key governance principles and practices.  
These  principles  and  practices  are  reviewed  regularly 
and  revised  as  appropriate  to  reflect  changes  in  law  and 
developments in corporate governance.

The  Company,  as  a  listed  entity,  must  comply  with  the 
Corporations  Act  2001  (Cwth)  (Corporations  Act),  the 
Australian  Securities  Exchange  (ASX)  Listing  Rules  (ASX 
Listing  Rules)  and  other  Australian  and  international  laws.  
The ASX Listing Rules requires the Company to report on the 
extent to which it has followed the Corporate Governance 
the  ASX  Corporate 
Recommendations  contained 
Governance  Council’s  (ASXCGC)  second  edition  of  its 
Corporate  Governance  Principles  and  Recommendations 
(August 2007).  Orbital believes that, throughout the 2011 
financial year and to the date of this report, it has complied 
with all the ASXCGC Recommendations.

in 

Information  on  Orbital’s  corporate  governance  framework 
is  also  provided  in  the  Corporate  Governance  section  of 
Orbital’s website (www.orbitalcorp.com.au)

2.  

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

2.1  

Role of the Board

ASXCGC Recommendations 1.1, 1.3

The Board’s primary role is to protect and enhance long-term 
shareholder  value  by  providing  strategic  guidance  to  the 
Group and effective oversight of management.

To  fulfil  this  role,  the  Board  is  responsible  for  the  overall 
corporate  governance  of  the  Group  including  formulating 
its  strategic  direction,  approving  and  monitoring  capital 
expenditure,  setting  remuneration,  appointing,  removing 
and  creating  succession  policies  for  directors  and  senior 
executives, establishing and monitoring the achievement of 
management’s  goals  and  ensuring  the  integrity  of  internal 
control and management information systems. 

It is also responsible for approving and monitoring financial 
and  other  reporting.  A  copy  of  the  Board’s  Charter  is 
available in the Corporate Governance section of Orbital’s 
website.

The  Board  has  delegated  responsibility  for  operation  and 
administration  of  the  Group  to  the  Chief  Executive  Officer 
and executive management.  Responsibilities are delineated 
by formal authority delegations.

The  Board  conducts  an  annual  review  of  its  processes  to 
ensure  that  it  is  able  to  carry  out  its  functions  in  the  most 
effective manner.

2.2  

Composition of the Board

ASXCGC Recommendations 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.6

The names and qualifications of the directors of the Company 
in office at the date of this Report are detailed in the Directors’ 
Report on page 9.

The  composition  of  the  Board  is  determined  using  the 
following principles:

•	

•	

•	

•	

A	minimum	of	three	directors,	with	a	broad	range	of	
expertise;

An	independent	non-executive	director	as	Chairman;

A	 majority	 of	 independent	 non-executive	 directors;	
and

The	 role	 of	 Chief	 Executive	 Officer	 (CEO)	 and	
Chairman  should  not  be  exercised  by  the  same 
individual.

An independent director is a non-executive director who:

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

is	not	a	substantial	shareholder	of	the	company	or	
an officer of, or otherwise associated directly with, 
a substantial shareholder of the company;

within	the	last	three	years	has	not	been	employed	in	
an  executive  capacity  by  the  company  or  another 
group member, or been a director after ceasing to 
hold any such employment;

within	the	last	three	years	has	not	been	a	principal	
of  a  professional  adviser  or  a  consultant  to  the 
company or another group member, or an employee 
materially associated with the service provided;

is	 not	 a	 material*	 supplier	 or	 customer	 of	 the	
company  or  other  group  member,  or  an  officer  of 
or otherwise associated directly or indirectly with a 
material supplier or customer;

has	 no	 material*	 contractual	 relationship	 with	 the	
company or another group member other than as a 
director of the company;

has	 not	 served	 on	 the	 board	 for	 a	 period	 which	
could,  or  could  reasonably  be  perceived  to, 
materially interfere with the director’s ability to act in 
the best interests of the company; and

is	free	from	any	interest	and	any	business	or	other	
relationship  which  could,  or  could  reasonably  be 
perceived to, materially interfere with the director’s 
ability to act in the best interests of the company.

*No  non-executive  director  is  a  supplier  to  or 
customer of the Group, nor does any non-executive 
Director  have  a  contractual  relationship  with  the 
Group  (other  than  as  a  director  of  the  Company) 
and therefore the Board has not had to consider any 
materiality threshold.

2.3  

Conflicts of Interest

In  accordance  with  the  Corporations  Act  2001  and  the 
Company’s  constitution,  directors  must  keep  the  Board 
advised,  on  an  ongoing  basis,  of  any  interest  that  could 
potentially conflict with those of the Company.  Where the 
Board  believes  that  a  significant  conflict  exists  the  director 
concerned  must  not  be  present  at  the  meeting  whilst  the 
item  is  considered  or  vote  on  the  matter.    The  Board  has 
procedures  in  place  to  assist  directors  to  disclose  potential 
conflicts of interest. 

2.4  

Board Succession Planning

ASXCGC Recommendation 2.6

The  Board  manages  its  succession  planning  with  the 
assistance  of  the  Human  Resources,  Remunerations  and 
Nominations Committee.  The Committee annually reviews 
the size, composition and diversity of the Board and the mix 

Annual Report 2011   23

 
 
Corporate Governance Statement
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

of existing and desired competencies across members and 
reports its conclusions to the Board.  In conducting the review 
a  skills  matrix  is  used  to  enable  the  Committee  to  assess 
the skills and experience of each director and the combined 
capabilities of the Board.

•	

•	

the	 performance	 of	 the	 Board	 and	 each	 of	 its	
committees  against 
their 
respective charters; and

requirements  of 

the 

the	 individual	 performance	 of	 the	 Chairman	 and	
each director.

the 

importance  of  Board 

Recognising 
the 
Committee takes each director’s tenure into consideration in 
its succession planning.

renewal, 

2.5  

Directors’ Retirement and Re-election

ASXCGC Recommendation 2.6 

Non-executive directors must retire at the third AGM following 
their  election  or  most  recent  re-election.    At  least  one  non-
executive director must stand for election at each AGM.  Any 
director  appointed  to  fill  a  vacancy  since  the  date  of  the 
previous  AGM  must  submit  themselves  to  shareholders  for 
election at the next AGM.

Board support for a director’s re-election is not automatic and 
is subject to satisfactory director performance.

2.6 

Directors’ Appointment, Induction Training and 
Continuing Education

All new directors are required to sign and return a letter of 
appointment which sets out the key terms and conditions of 
their appointment, including duties, rights and responsibilities, 
the time commitment envisaged and the Board’s expectations 
regarding their involvement with committee work.

As part of the induction process, new directors are provided 
with  detailed  information  about  the  nature  of  the  Group’s 
business,  current  issues,  group  strategy,  financial  matters, 
policies  and  procedures  and  are  given  the  opportunity  to 
meet with management to obtain an insight into the Group’s 
business operations.

All  directors  are  expected  to  maintain  the  skills  required  to 
discharge  their  obligations  to  the  company.    Directors  are 
encouraged to undertake continuing professional education 
including industry seminars and approved education courses.

2.7  

Board Access to Independent Professional Advice 
and Company Information

ASXCGC Recommendation 2.6

Each director has the right of access to all relevant Company 
information  and  to  the  Group’s  executives  and,  subject  to 
prior consultation with the Chairman, may seek independent 
professional  advice  from  a  suitably  qualified  adviser  at 
the  Group’s  expense.    The  director  must  consult  with  an 
advisor  suitably  qualified  in  the  relevant  field,  and  obtain 
the Chairman’s approval of the fee payable for the advice 
before  proceeding  with  the  consultation.    A  copy  of  the 
advice received by the director is made available to all other 
members of the board.

2.8  

Review of Board Performance

ASXCGC Recommendations 2.5, 2.6

The  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee  is  responsible  for  determining  the  process  for 
evaluating Board performance.  Evaluations are conducted 
by way of questionnaires appropriate in scope and content 
to effectively review:

24   Orbital

The performance of each director retiring at the next AGM 
is taken into account by the Board in determining whether or 
not the Board should support the re-election of the director.

2.9  

Directors’ Remuneration

Details of remuneration paid to directors (executive and non-
executive) are set out in the Remuneration Report on pages 13 
to 22.  The Remuneration Report also contains information on 
the Company’s policy for determining the nature and amount 
of remuneration for directors and senior executives and the 
relationship between the policy and company performance.

Shareholders  will  be  invited  to  consider  and  approve  the 
Remuneration Report at the 2011 AGM.

2.10   Board Meetings

The  full  Board  currently  holds  six  scheduled  meetings  each 
year, plus strategy meetings and any extraordinary meetings 
at  such  other  times  as  may  be  necessary  to  address  any 
specific significant matters that may arise.

The  agenda  for  meetings  is  prepared  in  conjunction 
with  the  Chairman,  Managing  Director  and  Company 
Secretary.    Standing  items  include  the  managing  director’s 
report,  financial  reports,  strategic  matters,  governance 
and  compliance.    Submissions  are  circulated  in  advance.  
Executives  are  regularly  involved  in  board  discussions 
and  directors  have  other  opportunities,  including  visits  to 
operations, for contact with a wider group of employees.

2.11   Company Secretary

Details  of  the  Company  Secretary  are  set  out  on  page  
10 of the Directors’ Report.  The appointment and removal of 
a Company Secretary is a matter for decision by the Board.  
The  Company  Secretary  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that 
Board  procedures  are  complied  with  and  that  governance 
matters are addressed.

3.  

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD

3.1  

Board Committees, Membership and Charters

ASXCGC Recommendations 2.4, 2.6, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 
8.1, 8.3, 

To  assist  in  the  execution  of  its  responsibilities,  the  Board 
has  established  a  number  of  Board  Committees  including 
an Audit Committee and a Human Resources, Remuneration 
and Nomination Committee. These committees have written 
mandates  and  operating  procedures,  which  are  reviewed 
on a regular basis.  The effectiveness of each committee is 
also constantly monitored.  The Board has also established 
a framework for the management of the Group including a 
system of internal control and the establishment of appropriate 
ethical standards.

3.2  

Audit Committee

ASXCGC Recommendations 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4

The  role  of  the  Audit  Committee  is  to  give  the  Board  of 
Directors  additional  assurance  regarding  the  quality  and 
reliability  of  financial  information  prepared  for  use  by  the 
Board in determining accounting policies for inclusion in the 
financial report. The Committee has a documented charter, 
approved  by  the  Board.  A  copy  of  the  Audit  Committee’s 
Charter  is  available  in  the  Corporate  Governance  section 
of Orbital’s website. All members of the Committee must be 
independent, non-executive directors.

Members of the Audit Committee during the year were Mr J 
G Young (Chairman – 1 July 2010 to 28 February 2011), 
Dr M T Jones (Chairman – from 28 February 2011), Mr W 
P  Day  and  Dr  V  Braach-Maksvytis.    The  external  auditors, 
Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Company 
Secretary  and  other  financial  and  accounting  staff  are 
invited  to  Audit  Committee  meetings  at  the  discretion  of 
the  Committee.  The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief 
Financial  Officer  declared  in  writing  to  the  Board  that  the 
Company’s  financial  reports  for  the  year  ended  30  June 
2011 present a true and fair view, in all material respects, 
of the Company’s financial condition and operational results 
and are in accordance with relevant accounting standards. 
This statement is required annually.

The responsibilities of the Audit Committee include, liaising 
with  the  external  auditors  and  ensuring  that  the  annual 
and  half-year  statutory  audits/reviews  are  conducted  in 
an  effective  manner;  reviewing  and  ensuring  management 
implement appropriate and prompt remedial action for any 
deficiencies identified; monitoring compliance with Australian 
and  international  taxation  requirements;  the  Australian  and 
United States corporations laws and ASX Listing Rules; and 
improving quality of the accounting function.

The  Audit  Committee  reviews  the  performance  of  the 
external auditors on an annual basis and meets with them 
to discuss audit planning matters, statutory reporting and as 
required for any special reviews or investigations deemed 
necessary by the Board. The Audit Committee also assesses 
whether non-audit services provided by the external auditor 
are  consistent  with  maintaining  the  external  auditor’s 
independence and provides advice to the Board whether 
the  provision  of  such  services  by  the  external  auditor  is 
compatible  with  the  general  standard  of  independence 
of  auditors  imposed  by  the  Corporations  Act.    The  Audit 
Committee charter provides for rotation of the external audit 
partner every five years.

3.3  

Human Resources, Remuneration and 
Nomination Committee

ASXCGC Recommendations 2.4, 2.6

role  of 

The 
the  Human  Resources,  Remuneration 
and  Nomination  Committee  is  to  review  and  make 
recommendations  to  the  Board  on  the  remuneration 
packages  and  policies  applicable  to  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer,  senior  executives  and  directors.  It  also  plays 
a  role  in  evaluation  of  the  performance  of  the  Chief 
Executive  Officer  and  management  succession  planning.  
This  role  also  includes  responsibility  for  employee  share 
schemes,  incentive  performance  packages,  superannuation 
fringe  benefits  policies  and  professional 
entitlements, 

indemnity and liability insurance policies.  From time-to-time, 
the Remuneration Committee obtains independent advice on 
the appropriateness of remuneration packages, given trends 
in comparative companies both locally and internationally.

The Committee also oversees the appointment and induction 
process for directors.  It reviews the composition of the Board 
and  makes  recommendations  on  the  appropriate  skill  mix, 
personal qualities, expertise and diversity. When a vacancy 
exists or there is a need for particular skills, the Committee, in 
consultation with the Board, determines the selection criteria 
based on the skills deemed necessary. Potential candidates 
are identified by the Committee with advice from an external 
consultant,  where  appropriate.  The  Board  then  appoints 
the most suitable candidate who must stand for election at 
the next general meeting of shareholders.  The Nomination 
Committee is also responsible for the selection, appointment 
and  succession  planning  process  of  the  Company’s  Chief 
Executive Officer.

Members  of  the  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and 
Nomination Committee during the year were Dr M T Jones 
(Chairman  –  1  July  2010  to  28  February  2011),  Dr  V 
Braach-Maksvytis (Chairman – from 28 February 2011), Mr 
W P Day and Mr J G Young (retired 28 February 2011).

The  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee  meet  as  and  when  required.    The  Committee 
has a documented charter, approved by the Board. A copy 
of  the  Human  Resources,  Remuneration  and  Nomination 
Committee’s  Charter 
the  Corporate 
is  available 
Governance section of Orbital’s website.

in 

The performance of all Directors is reviewed by the Chairman 
each  year.    Directors  whose  performance  is  unsatisfactory 
are asked to retire. 

4  

SHAREHOLDERS

4.1  

Shareholder Communication

ASXCGC Recommendations 6.1, 6.2

Directors  recognise  that  shareholders,  as  the  ultimate 
owners of the Company, are entitled to receive timely and 
relevant  high  quality  information  about  their  investment.  
Similarly,  prospective  new  investors  are  entitled  to  be  able 
to make informed investment decisions when considering the 
purchase of shares.

Information is communicated to shareholders as follows:

•	

•	

•	

The	 disclosure	 of	 full	 and	 timely	 information	 about	
Orbital’s activities in accordance with the disclosure 
requirements contained in the ASX Listing Rules and 
the Corporations Act;

All	information	released	to	the	market	to	be	placed	
on  the  Company’s  website  promptly  following 
release;

The	 annual	 financial	 report	 is	 distributed	 to	 all	
shareholders  (and  to  American  Depositary  Receipt 
(ADR)  holders)  on  request  in  accordance  with 
Corporation Act requirements and includes relevant 
information about the operations of the Group during 
the year, changes in the state of affairs of the Group 
and  details  of  future  developments,  in  addition  to 
other  disclosures  required  by  the  Corporations  Act 
and US Securities Law;

Annual Report 2011   25

 
Corporate Governance Statement
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

•	

The	half-yearly	report	contains	summarised	financial	
information  and  a  review  of  the  operations  of 
the  Group  during  the  period.    The  half-year 
financial  report  is  prepared  in  accordance  with 
the  requirements  of  Accounting  Standards  and  the 
Corporations  Act  and  is  lodged  with  Australian 
and  United  States  regulatory  bodies  and  stock 
exchanges.  Financial  reports  are  sent  to  any 
shareholder or ADR holder who requests them; and

The  Board  encourages  participation  of  shareholders 
at  the  Annual  General  Meeting  to  ensure  a  high  level  of 
accountability  and  identification  with  the  Group’s  strategy 
and goals. Important issues are presented to the shareholders 
as  single  resolutions.  The  Company’s  external  auditor  is 
requested  to  attend  annual  general  meetings  to  answer 
any  questions  concerning  the  audit  and  the  content  of  the 
auditor’s report. 

Shareholders  are  requested  to  vote  on  the  appointment 
of  Directors,  aggregate  remuneration  of  non-executive 
directors, the granting of shares to Directors and changes to 
the Constitution.  A copy of the Constitution is available to 
any shareholder who requests it.

4.2  

Continuous Disclosure and Market 
Communications

ASXCGC Recommendations 5.1, 5.2

The Board of Directors aims to ensure that shareholders are 
informed  of  all  major  developments  affecting  the  Group’s 
state of affairs. The Board has adopted a policy to identify 
matters that may have a material effect on the price of the 
Company’s securities and to notify the ASX as required.

This  policy  on  Release  of  Price  Sensitive  Information  is 
overseen  and  coordinated  by  the  Company  Secretary. 
All  directors,  officers  and  members  of  the  Company’s 
management  committee  are  required  to  forward  details  of 
any  potentially  price  sensitive  information  to  the  Company 
Secretary, who is also to be made aware, in advance, of 
proposed information disclosures (including information to be 
presented at private briefings) to enable consideration of the 
continuous disclosure requirements. Proposed announcements 
are to be approved by the Managing Director and either the 
Chairman or Company Secretary prior to release to the ASX. 
The Company Secretary is responsible for all communications 
with the ASX.

The  Company’s  policy  on  Release  of  Price  Sensitive 
Information  and 
its  policy  on  communication  with 
shareholders  are  available  in  the  Corporate  Governance 
Section of Orbital’s website.

5.  

PROMOTING RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL 
BEHAVIOUR

5.1  

Code of Conduct and Whistleblower Policy

ASXCGC Recommendations 3.1, 3.3

All Directors, managers and employees are expected to act 
with the utmost integrity and objectivity, striving at all times 
to  enhance  the  reputation  and  performance  of  the  Group.  
Every employee has a nominated supervisor to whom they 
may  refer  any  issues  arising  from  their  employment.  The 
Board  has  approved  a  Code  of  Conduct,  applicable  to 

all  Directors  and  employees  of  the  Group,  providing  for 
the  conduct  of  business  in  accordance  with  the  highest 
ethical  standards  and  sound  corporate  governance.  The 
Code  also  incorporates  the  Company’s  policy  on  trading 
in  the  Company’s  securities.  A  Code  of  Ethics,  relating  to 
Accounting  Practice  and  Financial  Reporting,  has  also 
been adopted by the Board and applies specifically to the 
Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  senior 
finance  officers  of  the  Company  who  influence  financial 
performance.  The  Code  of  Ethics  is  complementary  to  the 
Code  of  Conduct,  copies  of  both  of  which  are  available 
in the Corporate Governance section of Orbital’s website.

5.2  

Securities Ownership and Dealing

ASXCGC Recommendation 3.2, 3.3

The Company’s policy with respect to Directors and Officers 
dealing in the Company’s shares or options states that:

•	

•	

•	

•	

Directors	and	Officers	are	prohibited	from	dealing	
in the Company’s securities at any time when they 
possess  information  which,  if  publicly  disclosed, 
would  be  likely  to  affect  the  market  price  of  the 
Company’s securities;

Directors	and	Officers	are	prohibited	from	short	term	
trading in the Company’s securities;

Directors	 must	 obtain	 the	 written	 approval	 of	 the	
Chairman  before  undertaking  any  transactions 
involving the Company’s securities; and

Directors	 and	 Officers	 are	 prohibited	
from	
undertaking transactions in the Company’s securities 
during  the  period  from  one  month  prior  to  the 
proposed release of the Company’s annual or half-
year result until two days after that release.

A  copy  of  the  Securities  Trading  Policy  is  available  in  the 
Corporate Governance section of Orbital’s website.

6. RISK MANAGEMENT

6.1  

Approach to Risk Management and Internal 
Control

ASXCGC Recommendations 7.1, 7.4

The  Board  oversees  the  establishment,  implementation  and 
review  of  the  Company’s  risk  management  systems,  which 
have  been  established  by  management  for  assessing, 
monitoring  and  managing  operational,  financial  reporting 
and  compliance  risks  for  the  Group.  Responsibility  for 
establishing  and  maintaining  effective  risk  management 
strategies  rests  with  senior  management,  accountable  to 
the Chief Executive Officer and the Audit Committee of the 
Board.  The  Audit  Committee  reviews  the  risk  management 
and  internal  control  structure  implemented  by  management 
so  as  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  that  the  Group’s 
assets  are  safeguarded  and  that  reliable  financial  records 
are  maintained.  Operational  and  other  compliance 
risk  management  has  also  been  reviewed  and  found 
to  be  operating  efficiently  and  effectively.    A  copy  of  the 
Company’s  risk  management  policy  is  available  in  the 
Corporate Governance section of Orbital’s website.

Risks  to  the  Group  arise  from  matters  such  as  competitive 
technologies that may be developed, delays in government 

26   Orbital

regulation, reduction in development and testing expenditure 
by  the  Company’s  customers,  the  impact  of  exchange  rate 
movements,  environmental  issues,  occupational  safety  and 
health and financial reporting.

6.2  

Internal Control Framework

ASXCGC Recommendations 7.2, 7.4

The Board recognises that no cost effective internal control 
system will preclude all errors and irregularities. The system is 
based upon written procedures, policies and guidelines, an 
organisational structure that provides an appropriate division 
of  responsibility,  and  the  careful  selection  and  training  of 
qualified personnel.  

Established practices ensure:

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

Capital	 expenditure	 commitments	 are	 subject	 to	
authority level approval procedures;

Financial	 exposures	 are	 controlled	 by	 the	 use	 of	
forward exchange contracts, where appropriate;

Occupational	safety	and	health	issues	are	monitored	
by a management committee;

Financial	reporting	accuracy	and	compliance	with	
regulatory requirements; and

Compliance	with	environmental	regulation.

Where risks, such as natural disasters, cannot be adequately 
mitigated  using  internal  controls,  those  risks  are  transferred 
to  third  parties  through  insurance  coverage  to  the  extent 
considered appropriate.

6.3  

Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial 
Officer Assurance

ASXCGC Recommendations 7.3, 7.4

The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer 
have declared, in writing to the Board, that the Company’s 
financial  reports  are  founded  on  a  sound  system  of  risk 
management  and  internal  compliance  and  control  which 
implements the policies adopted by the Board, and that they 
have evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s financial 
disclosure controls and procedures and have concluded that 
they are operating efficiently and effectively. 

Monthly  financial  results  are  reported  against  budgets 
approved by the directors and revised forecasts for the year 
are prepared regularly.

6.4  

Environmental Regulation

for  environmental 

The  Group  holds  a  number  of  permits,  licences  and 
registrations 
regulation  under  both 
Australian  Commonwealth  and  State  legislation.    These 
permits,  licences  and  registrations  are  primarily  for  the 
storage  of  fuels  and  chemicals  and  the  disposal  of  waste 
and are reviewed by the Group on an on-going basis.  The 
directors are not aware of any serious breaches during the 
period covered by this report. 

7.  

EXTERNAL AUDITOR RELATIONSHIP

ASXCGC Recommendation 4.4

The  Audit  Committee  oversees  the  terms  of  engagement 
of  Orbital’s  external  auditor.    The  Audit  Committee  ensures 
that the audit approach covers all financial statement areas 
where there is a risk of material misstatement and that audit 
activities are carried out throughout the Orbital Group in the 
most effective, efficient and comprehensive manner.

The  Committee  has  the  responsibility  for  the  appointment, 
compensation  and  oversight  of  the  external  Auditor  and 
to  ensure  that  the  external  Auditor  meets  the  required 
standards  for  Auditor  Independence.  In  monitoring  Auditor 
Independence  the  Committee  will  have  regard  to  any 
legislative  or  regulatory  requirements,  and  the  following 
principles:

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

It	is	mandatory	that	the	Audit	Partner	responsible	for	
the Audit be rotated at least every five years. At least 
two years must expire before the Audit Partner can 
again be involved in the Audit of the Group.

The	 Committee	 monitors	 the	 number	 of	 former	
employees of the external Auditor who were involved 
in  auditing  the  company,  currently  employed  in 
senior  financial  positions  in  the  company,  and 
assesses whether this impairs or appears to impair 
the Auditor’s judgment or independence in respect 
of  the  company.  An  individual  auditor  who  was 
engaged  by  the  external  Auditor  and  participated 
in  the  company’s  audit  shall  be  precluded  from 
employment  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  or  Chief 
Financial  Officer  of  the  company  for  a  period  of 
twelve months from the time of the audit.

the  company  and 

Consider	 whether	 taken	 as	 a	 whole,	 the	 various	
relationships  between 
the 
external  Auditor  and  the  economic  importance  of 
the company (in terms of fees paid to the external 
Auditor  for  the  Audit  as  well  as  fees  paid  to  the 
external  Auditor  for  the  provision  of  non-audit 
services)  to  the  external  Auditor  impair  or  appear 
to impair the Auditor’s judgment or independence in 
respect of the company.

The	company	shall	not	engage	its	external	Auditor	for	
certain  non-audit  services  (including  book-keeping, 
financial  information  systems  design,  valuations, 
actuarial services, internal audit outsourcing, human 
resources and unrelated legal/expert services). Any 
proposal to grant the external Auditor non-prohibited 
non-audit services will be referred to the Chairman 
of  the  Audit  Committee  by  management  prior  to 
granting the work.  

The	Chairman	of	the	Committee	will	meet	(at	least	
annually)  with  the  external  Auditors  without  the 
presence of management

Annual Report 2011   27

 
 
Corporate Governance Statement
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

8.  

ASX Corporate Governance Council Recommendations Checklist

The table below summarises the Group’s compliance with the ASX Corporate Governance Council’s Recommendations.

Recommendation

Comply
Yes / No

Reference

Principle 1 - Lay solid foundations for management and oversight

1.1

1.2

1.3

Companies should establish the functions reserved to the board and those 
delegated to senior executives and disclose those functions.

Companies should disclose the process for evaluating the performance 
of senior executives.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the guide to 
reporting on Principle 1

Principle 2 - Structure the board to add value

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

A majority of the board should be independent directors.

The chair should be an independent director.

The roles of chair and chief executive officer should not be exercised 
by the same individual.

The board should establish a nomination committee.

Companies should disclose the process for evaluating the performance 
of the board, its committees and individual directors.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the guide to 
reporting on Principle 2.

Principle 3 - Promote ethical and responsible decision-making

3.1

Companies should establish a code of conduct and disclose the code or 
a summary of the code as to:

•  The practices necessary to maintain confidence in the company’s  
    integrity.

•  The practices necessary to take into account their legal obligations  
    and the reasonable expectations of their stakeholders.

•  The responsibility and accountability of individuals for reporting  
    and investigating reports of unethical practices.

3.2

3.3

Companies should establish a policy concerning trading in company 
securities by directors, senior executives and employees, and disclose 
the policy or a summary of that policy.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the guide to 
reporting on Principle 3

Principle 4 - Safeguard integrity in financial reporting

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

The board should establish an audit committee

The audit committee should be structured so that it:

•  Consists only of non-executive directors

•  Consists of a majority of independent directors

•  Is chaired by an independent chair, who is not chair of the board

•  Has at least three members

The audit committee should have a formal charter.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the Guide to 
reporting on Principle 4

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

2.1

Remuneration 
Report

2.1, 2.8,  
Remuneration 
Report

2.2

2.2

2.2

3.1, 3.3

2.8

2.2, 2.4, 2.5, 2.7,  
2.8, 3.1, 3.3

5.1

5.2

5.1, 5.2

3.1, 3.2

3.1, 3.2

3.1, 3.2

3.1, 3.2, 7

28   Orbital

Recommendation

Comply
Yes / No

Reference

Principle 5 - Make timely and balanced disclosure

5.1

5.2

Companies should establish written policies designed to ensure 
compliance with ASX listing rule disclosure requirements and to ensure 
accountability at a senior executive level for that compliance and 
disclose those policies or a summary of those policies.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the guide to 
reporting on Principle 5.

Principle 6 - Respect the rights of shareholders

6.1

6.2

Companies should design a communications policy for promoting 
effective communication with shareholders and encouraging their 
participation at general meetings and disclose their policy or a 
summary of that policy.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the guide to 
reporting on Principle 6.

Principle 7 - Recognise and manage risk

7.1

7.2

7.3

Companies should establish policies for the oversight and management 
of material business risks and disclose a summary of those policies.

The board should require management to design and implement the 
risk management and internal control system to manage the company’s 
material business risks and report to it on whether those risks are being 
managed effectively. The board should disclose that management has 
reported to it as to the effectiveness of the company’s management of 
its material business risks

The board should disclose whether it has received assurance from the 
chief executive officer [or equivalent] and the chief financial officer 
[or equivalent] that the declaration provided in accordance with 
section 295A of the Corporations Act is founded on a sound system of 
risk management and internal control and that the system is operating 
effectively in all material respects in relation to financial reporting 
risks.  

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

4.2

4.2

4.1

4.1

6.1

6.2

Yes

6.3

7.4

Companies should provide the information indicated in the guide to 
reporting on Principle 7.

Yes

6.1, 6.2, 6.3

Principle 8 – Remunerate fairly and responsibly

8.1

8.2

8.3

The board should establish a remuneration committee.

Companies should clearly distinguish the structure of nonexecutive 
directors’ remuneration from that of executive directors and senior 
executives.

Companies should provide the information indicated in the Guide to 
reporting on Principle 8.

Yes

Yes

Yes

3.1

2.9,  
Remuneration 
Report

3.1

Annual Report 2011   29

 
Income Statement
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

Engineering services income 
Sale of goods 
Licence and royalty income 
Other revenue 
Total Revenue 

Other income 
Inventory expenses 
Employee benefits expenses 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Engineering consumables and contractors 
Occupancy expenses 
Travel and accommodation 
Communications and computing 
Patent costs 
Insurance costs 
Audit, compliance and listing costs 
Finance costs 
Other expenses 

NOTE 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 9,492  
 5,847  
 1,081  
 218  
 16,638  

 6,110  
 (4,484) 
 (10,494) 
 (1,174) 
 (1,954) 
 (1,165) 
 (634) 
 (593) 
 (300) 
 (441) 
 (704) 
 (688) 
 (1,777) 

 9,621 
 6,203 
 1,199 
 242 
 17,265 

 8,759 
 (4,607)
 (10,792)
 (1,004)
 (2,085)
 (786)
 (866)
 (791)
 (338)
 (441)
 (560)
 (755)
 (745)

7 

8 
9(d) 
9(a) 

9(b) 
9(c) 

Share of profit from equity accounted investment 

16 

 3,233  

 1,874 

Profit before income tax  
Income tax benefit 
Profit for the year attributable to the members of the parent entity 

10(a) 

 1,573  
 190  
 1,763  

 4,128 
 388 
 4,516 

Earnings per share: 
Basic earnings per share (in cents) 
Diluted earnings per share (in cents) 

11 
11 

 3.65  
 3.65  

 9.39 
 9.29 

The income statements are to be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements set out on pages 34 to 81.

30   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Comprehensive Income
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

Net profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income 
Share of foreign currency reserve of equity accounted investment 

Foreign currency translation 

Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 1,763  

 4,516 

343 

 (3,758) 

 (3,415) 

 (356)

 (813)

 (1,169)

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS)/INCOME FOR THE YEAR 

 (1,652) 

 3,347 

Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year attributable to owners of the parent 

 (1,652) 

 3,347 

The statements of comprehensive income are to be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements set out on pages 
34 to 81.

Statement of Changes in Equity
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

Share  
Capital 

Retained 
Profits 

$’000 

$’000 

Employee 
Equity 
Benefits 
Reserve 
$’000 

Foreign 
Currency 
Transalation 
Reserve 
$’000 

Total

$’000

At 1 July 2009 

Profit for period 

Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income for the period 

 19,055  

 (3,224) 

 884  

 399  

 17,114 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 4,516  

 -    

 4,516  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 4,516 

 (1,169) 

 (1,169)

 (1,169) 

 3,347 

Transactions with owners in their  
capacity as owners 

Shares issued in accordance with share plan 

Share based payments 

Balance at 30 June 2010 

 117  

 89  

 -    

 -    

 (117) 

 250  

 -    

 -    

 -   

 339 

 19,261  

 1,292  

 1,017  

 (770) 

 20,800 

At 1 July 2010 

 19,261  

 1,292  

 1,017  

 (770) 

 20,800 

Profit for period 

Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income for the period 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 1,763  

 -    

 1,763  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 1,763 

 (3,415) 

 (3,415)

 (3,415) 

 (1,652)

Transactions with owners in their  
capacity as owners 

Share based payments 

Balance at 30 June 2011 

 84  

 -    

 250  

 -    

 334 

 19,345  

 3,055  

 1,267  

 (4,185) 

 19,482 

The statements of changes in equity are to be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements set out on pages  
34 to 81.

Annual Report 2011   31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Financial Position
AS AT 30 JUNE 2011

Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 
Other financial assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Total Current Assets 

Non-Current Assets 
Investment in associate 
Deferred tax assets 
Property, plant & equipment 
Intangibles and goodwill 
Total Non-Current Assets 

Total Assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade payables and other liabilities 
Interest bearing borrowings 
Employee benefits 
Deferred revenue 
Government grants 
Other provisions 
Total Current Liabilities 

Non-current liabilities
Long term borrowings 
Employee benefits 
Government grants 
Contingent consideration 
Other provisions 
Total Non-Current Liabilities 

Total Liabilities 

Net Assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Reserves 
Retained profits 

Total Equity 

NOTE 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

12 
13 
14 
15 

16 
17 
18 
19 

20 
21 
23 
24 
27 
25 

26 
23 
27 
28 
25 

 3,440  
 3,434  
 6,841  
 4,388  

 3,608 
 - 
 5,084 
 3,722 

 18,103  

 12,414 

 11,406 
 4,958 
 4,134 
 2,173 

 22,671 

 11,534 
 5,215 
 7,911 
 1,525 

 26,185 

 40,774 

 38,599 

 5,004 
 648 
 2,354 
 316 
 225 
 195 

 8,742 

 7,777  
 132  
 1,649  
 2,688  
 304  

 12,550  

 2,676 
 2,056 
 2,420 
 316 
 225 
 173 

 7,866 

 7,604 
 455 
 1,874 
 - 
 - 

 9,933 

 21,292 

 17,799 

 19,482 

 20,800 

29 
30 
30 

 19,345 
 (2,918) 
 3,055 

 19,261 
 247 
 1,292 

 19,482 

 20,800 

The statements of financial position are to be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements set out on pages  
34 to 81.

32   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Cash Flows
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash receipts from customers 
Cash paid to suppliers and employees 

Cash used in operations 
Interest received 
Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 
Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities 
Dividends received from associate 
Net proceeds from sale of property, plant & equipment 
Acquisition of property, plant & equipment 
Costs incurred on development of intangibles 
Acquisition of subsidiary 
Redemption/(acquisition) of short term deposits 
Net cash provided by investing activities 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities 
Proceeds from borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings 
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 July 
Effects of exchange rate fluctuations on the  
balances of cash held in foreign currencies 

NOTE 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 17,070  
 (18,742) 

 17,947 
 (22,925)

35 

38 

 (1,672) 
 218  
 (104) 
 (234) 

 (1,792) 

 1,208  
 8,557  
 (481) 
 (593) 
 (1,780) 
 (3,434) 

 3,477  

 -  
 (1,848) 

 (1,848) 

 (4,978)
 242 
 (107)
 (206)

 (5,049)

 677 
 44 
 (1,394)
 (1,128)
 - 
 3,500 

 1,699 

 536 
 (200)

 336 

 (163) 

 (3,014)

 3,608  

 6,623 

 (5) 

 (1)

Cash and cash equivalents at 30 June 

12 

 3,440  

 3,608 

Non-Cash Investing Activities

There were no non-cash investing or financing activities for the years ended 30 June 2010 and 2011.

Refer to note 6 for details of non-cash operating items.

The statements of cash flows are to be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements set out in pages 34 to 81.

Annual Report 2011   33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

Notes Index 

Page

1.   

REPORTING ENTITY

3.  Significant accounting policies 

1.  Reporting Entity 
2.  Basis of Preparation 

(a)  Statement of Compliance with IFRS 
(b)  Basis of Measurement 
(c)  Functional and Presentation Currency 
(d)  Use of Estimates and Judgements 

34
34
34
34
34
34
34
(a)  New accounting standards and interpretations  34
35
(b)  Basis of consolidation 
35
(c)  Foreign currency 
36
(d)  Financial instruments 
36
(e)  Inventories 
37
(f)  Property, plant and equipment 
37
(g)  Intangibles and goodwill 
37
(h)  Impairment 
38
(i)  Share capital 
38
(j)  Employee benefits 
38
(k)  Provisions – Warranties 
39
(l)  Revenue recognition 
39
(m)  Operating leases 
39
(n)  Finance expense 
39
(o)  Income tax 
39
(p)  Operating segment 
40
(q)  Goods and services tax 
40
(r)  Earnings per share 
40
(s)  Government grants 
(t)  Business combinations 
40
(u)  New standards and interpretations  

not yet adopted 

40
4.  Financial risk management objectives and policies  44
5.  Significant accounting judgements, estimates and 

assumptions 

47
6.  Operating segments 
49
7.  Other revenue 
51
8.  Other income 
52
9.  Expenses 
52
10. Income Tax 
53
11. Earnings per share 
54
12. Cash and cash equivalents 
54
13. Other financial assets 
55
14. Trade and other receivables 
55
15. Inventories 
56
16. Investment in associate 
56
17. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
57
18. Property, plant and equipment 
59
19. Intangibles and goodwill 
60
20. Trade and other payables 
62
21. Interest bearing loans and borrowings 
62
22. Financing arrangements 
63
23. Employee benefits 
64
24. Deferred revenue 
64
25. Other provisions 
65
26. Long term borrowings 
66
27. Government grants 
67
28. Contingent consideration 
67
29. Share capital 
68
30. Retained profits and reserves 
69
70
31. Consolidated entity 
32  Information relating to Orbital Corporation Limited  71
71
33. Related party disclosures 
72
34. Key management personnel 
75
35. Notes to the statement of cash flows 
75
36. Share based payment plans 
78
37. Defined contribution superannuation fund 
78
38. Business combination 
80
39. Commitments 
80
40. Contingencies 
81
41. Events after the balance sheet date 
81
42. Remuneration of auditors 

34   Orbital

Orbital Corporation Limited (the “Company”) is a company 
domiciled  in  Australia.  The  address  of  the  Company’s 
registered  office  is  4  Whipple  Street,  Balcatta,  Western 
Australia. The consolidated financial report of the Company 
for the year ended 30 June 2011 comprises the Company 
and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”).

The consolidated financial report was authorised for issue by 
the directors on 23 August 2011.

2. 

(a) 

BASIS OF PREPARATION

Statement of Compliance

The  financial  report  complies  with  Australian  Accounting 
Standards as issued by the Australian Accounting Standards 
Board and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 
as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

(b) 

Basis of Measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on 
the historical cost basis, except for contingent consideration 
which is measured at fair value.

(c) 

Functional and Presentation Currency

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented 
in  Australian  dollars,  which  is  the  Company’s  functional 
currency  and  the  functional  currency  of  the  majority  of  the 
Group.

The Company is of a kind referred to in ASIC Class Order 
98/100 dated 10 July 1998 and in accordance with that 
Class Order, all financial information presented in Australian 
dollars  has  been  rounded  to  the  nearest  thousand  unless 
otherwise stated.

(d) 

Use of Estimates and Judgements

The preparation of financial statements requires management 
to  make  judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect 
the application of accounting policies and reported amounts 
of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may 
differ from these estimates.

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on 
an  ongoing  basis.    Revisions  to  accounting  estimates  are 
recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if 
the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the 
revision and future periods if the revision affects both current 
and future periods.

Judgements  made  by  management  in  the  application  of 
Australian  Accounting  Standards  that  have  a  significant 
effect on the financial report and estimates with a significant 
risk of material adjustment in the next year are discussed in 
note 5.

3.   

(a) 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

New Accounting Standards and Interpretations

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of 
the previous financial year.  From 1 July 2010, the Group 
has adopted all the standards and interpretations mandatory 
for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  July  2010.  
Adoption of these standards and interpretations did not have 
any  effect  on  the  financial  position  or  performance  of  the 
Group.  The Group has not elected to early adopt any new 
standards or amendments.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.   

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

(b) 

(i)  

Basis of Consolidation

Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are all those entities over which the Group has 
the power to govern the financial and operating policies so 
as to obtain benefits from their activities. The existence and 
effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable 
or  convertible  are  considered  when  assessing  whether  a 
group controls another entity.

The  financial  statements  of  the  subsidiaries  are  prepared 
for the same reporting period as the parent company, using 
consistent accounting policies. In preparing the consolidated 
financial  statements,  all 
intercompany  balances  and 
transactions,  income  and  expenses  and  profit  and  losses 
resulting from intragroup transactions have been eliminated 
in full.

Subsidiaries  are  fully  consolidated  from  the  date  on 
which  control  is  obtained  by  the  Group  and  cease  to  be 
consolidated  from  the  date  on  which  control  is  transferred 
out of the Group.

The  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  accounted  for  using  the 
acquisition  method  of  accounting.  The  acquisition  method 
of  accounting  involves  recognising  at  acquisition  date, 
separately  from  goodwill,  the  identifiable  assets  acquired, 
the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the 
acquiree. The identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities 
assumed are measured at their acquisition date fair values.

The difference between the above items and the fair value of 
the consideration (including the fair value of any pre-existing 
investment  in  the  acquiree)  is  goodwill  or  a  discount  on 
acquisition.

not  amortised.    After  application  of  the  equity  method,  the 
Group determines whether it is necessary to recognise any 
impairment loss with respect to the Group’s net investment in 
associates.

The Group’s share of its associates’ post-acquisition profit or 
losses is recognised in the income statement, and its share 
of  post-acquisition  movements  in  reserves  is  recognised  in 
reserves.    The  cumulative  post-acquisition  movements  are 
adjusted  against  the  carrying  amount  of  the  investment.  
Dividends  received  from  the  associate  reduce  the  carrying 
amount of the investment.

When the Group’s share of losses in the associate equals or 
exceeds its interest in the associate, including any unsecured 
long-term receivables or loans, the Group does not recognise 
further  losses,  unless  it  has  incurred  obligations  or  made 
payments on behalf of the associate.

The  associate’s  accounting  policies  conform  to  those  used 
by  the  Group  for  like  transactions  and  events  in  similar 
circumstances.

(iii) 

Transactions Eliminated on Consolidation

Intra-group balances, and any unrealised gains and losses or 
income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, 
are  eliminated  in  preparing  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  Unrealised  gains  arising  from  transactions  with 
associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest 
in the entity with adjustments made to the investment in the 
associate.  Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way 
as  unrealised  gains,  but  only  to  the  extent  that  there  is  no 
evidence  of  impairment.  Gains  and  losses  are  recognised 
as  the  contributed  assets  are  consumed  or  sold  or,  if  not 
consumed or sold, when the Group’s interest in such entities 
is disposed of.

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary that does 
not result in a loss of control, is accounted for as an equity 
transaction.

(c) 

(i) 

Foreign Currency

Foreign currency transactions

If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it

•	 Derecognises	 the	 assets	 (including	 goodwill)	 and	

liabilities of the subsidiary.

•	 Derecognises	the	carrying	amount	of	any	non-controlling	

interest.

•	 Derecognises	 the	 cumulative	 translation	 differences,	

recorded in equity.

•	 Recognises	the	fair	value	of	the	consideration	received.
•	 Recognises	the	fair	value	of	any	investment	retained.
•	 Recognises	any	surplus	or	deficit	in	profit	or	loss.
•	 Reclassifies	the	parent’s	share	of	components	previously	
recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  to  profit  or 
loss.

(ii) 

Associate

The Group’s investment in its associate is accounted for using 
the equity method of accounting in the consolidated financial 
statements.  The associate is an entity over which the Group 
has significant influence and that is neither a subsidiary nor 
a joint venture.

The Group generally deems they have significant influence if 
they have over 20% of the voting rights.

Under  the  equity  method,  investments  in  associates  are 
carried in the consolidated statement of financial position at 
cost plus post-acquisition changes in the Group’s share of net 
assets of the associate.  Goodwill relating to an associate 
is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is 

Transactions  in  foreign  currencies  are  converted  to  the 
respective functional currencies of Group entities at exchange 
rates at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting 
date (except those representing the Group’s net investment in 
subsidiaries and its associate – see below) are retranslated 
to the functional currency at the exchange rate at that date. 
Foreign  exchange  differences  arising  on  translation  are 
recognised  in  the  income  statement.    Non-monetary  assets 
and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in 
a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at 
the date of the transaction.  

(ii)  

Financial statements of foreign operations

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated 
to Australian dollars at exchange rates ruling at the reporting 
date. The revenues and expenses of foreign operations are 
translated  to  Australian  dollars  at  rates  approximating  the 
exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions. Foreign 
exchange differences arising on retranslation are recognised 
directly  in  a  separate  component  of  equity  described  as 
‘foreign currency translation reserve’. 

(iii) 

Net investment in foreign operations

Exchange differences arising from the translation of balances 
representing  the  net  investment  in  foreign  operations  are 
taken  to  the  foreign  currency  translation  reserve.  They  are 
released into the income statement upon disposal.

Annual Report 2011   35

 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

3.   

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

(d) 

(i) 

Financial Instruments

Non-derivative financial instruments

Non-derivative  financial  instruments  comprise  trade  and 
other  receivables,  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  loans  and 
borrowings, and trade and other payables.

Non-derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at 
fair value plus, for instruments not at fair value through profit 
or loss, any directly attributable transaction costs.  Subsequent 
to  initial  recognition  non-derivative  financial  instruments  are 
measured as described below.

A  financial  instrument  is  recognised  if  the  Group  becomes 
party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.  Financial 
assets  are  derecognised  if  the  Group’s  contractual  rights  to 
the cash flows from the financial asset expire or if the Group 
transfers the financial asset to another party without retaining 
control  or  substantially  all  risks  and  rewards  of  the  asset.  
Regular  way  purchases  and  sales  of  financial  assets  are 
accounted  for  at  trade  date,  i.e.,  the  date  that  the  Group 
commits itself to purchase or sell the asset.  Financial liabilities 
are derecognised if the  Group’s obligations specified in the 
contract expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Cash and cash equivalents - refer note 12
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances, at call 
deposits and bank-endorsed bills of exchange at discounted 
value.

Other financial assets - refer note 13
Other  financial  assets  comprise  term  deposits  with  financial 
institutions with maturities between 90 days and 365 days.  
Subsequent  to  initial  recognition  other  financial  assets  are 
stated at amortised cost.

Trade and other receivables - refer note 14
Subsequent to initial recognition, trade receivables are stated 
at  their  amortised  cost,  less  impairment  losses.    Normal 
settlement terms are 30 to 60 days.  The collectability of debts 
is assessed at balance date and specific allowance is made 
for any doubtful accounts.  Individual debts that are known to 
be uncollectible are written off when identified. An impairment 
allowance is recognised when there is objective evidence that 
the Group will not be able to collect the receivable. Financial 
difficulties  of  the  debtor,  default  payments  or  debts  more 
than  60  days  overdue  are  considered  objective  evidence 
of  impairment.  The  amount  of  the  impairment  loss  is  the 
receivable carrying amount compared to the present value of 
estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective 
interest rate.

Trade and other payables - refer note 20
Liabilities are recognised for amounts due to be paid in the 
future  for  goods  or  services  received.    Subsequent  to  initial 
recognition,  trade  and  other  payables  are  stated  at  their 
amortised cost.

Trade  payables  are  non-interest  bearing  and  are  normally 
settled on 30-day terms.

Interest bearing borrowings - refer note 21
Included in current liabilities is an amount owing under a trade 
finance facility utilised for the import of inventory.  The trade 
finance facility provides loans of up to 180 days with interest 
payable at maturity.  The loans are initially recognised at the  

fair  value  of  consideration  received  plus  transaction  costs 
and subsequently stated at amortised cost with any difference 
between cost and repayment value being recognised in the 
income  statement  over  the  period  of  the  borrowings  on  an 
effective interest basis.

Long term borrowings - refer note 26
Included  in  non-current  liabilities  is  an  amount  owing  to 
the  Government  of  Western  Australia  resulting  from  a  loan 
of  $14,346,164  restructured  in  January  2010.    The  loan 
is  interest-free  with  annual  repayments  commencing  in  May 
2010 and concluding in May 2025.

The non-interest bearing loan from the Government of Western 
Australia was recognised initially at fair value and subsequently 
stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The 
difference between the fair value and face value of the loan is 
accounted for as a government grant as disclosed in note 26.

Contingent consideration - refer note 28
Included  in  non-current  liabilities  is  an  amount  owing  to  the 
owners of the non-controlling interest in Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty 
Ltd.  The contingent consideration was recognised initially at 
fair  value  and  subsequently  at  fair  value  through  profit  and 
loss.

(ii) 

Derivative financial instruments

The Group may use derivative financial instruments to hedge 
its exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations and interest rate 
movements.  In accordance with its treasury policy, the Group 
entity  does  not  hold  the  derivative  financial  instruments  for 
trading purposes.  However, derivatives that do not qualify for 
hedge accounting are accounted for as trading instruments.

Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at fair 
value.    Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  derivative  financial 
instruments are stated at fair value.  Changes in the fair value 
of the derivative financial instrument that are not designated as 
cash flow hedging instruments are recognised in profit or loss.

Cash flow hedges
Changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instrument 
designated as a cash flow hedge are recognised directly in 
equity to the extent that the hedge is effective.  To the extent that 
the hedge is ineffective, changes in fair value are recognised 
in profit or loss.

If  the  hedging  instrument  no  longer  meets  the  criteria  for 
hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, 
then  hedge  accounting  is  discontinued  prospectively.    The 
cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in equity remains 
there until the forecast transaction occurs.  When the hedged 
item is a non-financial asset, the amount recognised in equity 
is  transferred  to  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  when  it  is 
recognised.  In other cases the amount recognised in equity is 
transferred to profit or loss in the same period that the hedged 
item affects profit or loss.

(e) 

Inventories - refer note 15

Inventories are carried at the lower of cost and net realisable 
value.    Cost  is  based  on  the  first-in  first-out  principle  and 
includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and 
bringing  them  to  their  present  location  and  condition.    Net 
realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary 
course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and 
selling expenses.

36   Orbital

 
 
 
3.   

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

(iii) 

Goodwill

(f) 

(i) 

Property, Plant and Equipment - refer note 18

Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less 
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.  

Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the 
acquisition of the asset.

(ii) 

Subsequent costs

The cost of replacing part of an item of property, plant and 
equipment is recognised in the carrying amount of the item if it 
is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within 
the part will flow to the Group and its cost can be measured 
reliably.  The costs of day-to-day servicing of property, plant 
and equipment are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

(iii) 

Depreciation and Amortisation

Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  including  buildings 
but  excluding  freehold  land,  are  depreciated/amortised  on 
a  straight  line  basis  over  their  estimated  useful  lives.    The 
depreciation rates used in the current and comparative period 
for each class of asset are as follows: Buildings 2.5%; Plant 
and Equipment 6.67% to 33.3%. Assets are depreciated or 
amortised from the date of acquisition. 

The residual value, the useful life and the depreciation method 
applied to an asset are reassessed at least annually.

(iv) 

Asset Sales

The  net  profit  or  loss  from  asset  sales  are  included  as  other 
income  or  expenses  of  the  Group.    The  profit  or  loss  on 
disposal  of  assets  is  brought  to  account  at  the  date  that  an 
unconditional  contract  of  sale  is  signed.    The  profit  or  loss 
on  disposal  is  calculated  as  the  difference  between  the 
carrying amount of the asset at the time of disposal and the 
net proceeds on disposal.

(g) 

(i) 

Intangibles and goodwill - refer note 19

Research and Development

Expenditure  on  research  activities,  undertaken  with  the 
prospect  of  gaining  new  scientific  or  technical  knowledge 
and understanding, is recognised in the income statement as 
an expense as incurred.  

Expenditure  on  development  activities,  whereby  research 
findings  are  applied  to  a  plan  or  design  for  the  production 
of  new  or  substantially  improved  products  and  processes, 
is  capitalised  if  the  product  or  process  is  technically  and 
commercially feasible and the Group has sufficient resources 
to complete development.  

Expenditure on intangibles which may be capitalised includes 
the  cost  of  materials  and  direct  labour.  Other  development 
expenditure  is  recognised  in  the  income  statement  as  an 
expense  as  incurred.  Capitalised  expenditure  is  stated  at 
cost  less  accumulated  amortisation  and  impairment  losses.  
Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight-
line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets 
unless such lives are indefinite.

(ii) 

Patents, Licences and Technologies

licences  and 

Patents, 
technology  development  and 
maintenance  costs,  not  qualifying  for  capitalisation,  are 
expensed as incurred.

Goodwill  acquired  in  a  business  combination  is  initially 
measured at cost being the excess of the cost of the business 
combination over the Group’s interest in the net fair value of 
the  acquiree’s  identifiable  assets,  liabilities  and  contingent 
liabilities.

Following  initial  recognition,  goodwill  is  measured  at  cost 
less any accumulated impairment losses.

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a 
business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated 
to  each  of  the  Group’s  cash-generating  units,  or  groups  of 
cash-generating units, that are expected to benefit from the 
synergies  of  the  combination,  irrespective  of  whether  other 
assets or liabilities of the Group are assigned to those units 
or groups of units.

Impairment  is  determined  by  assessing  the  recoverable 
amount of the cash-generating unit (group of cash-generating 
units), to which the goodwill relates.

When  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash-generating  unit 
(group  of  cash-generating  units)  is  less  than  the  carrying 
amount, an impairment loss is recognised. When goodwill 
forms part of a cash-generating unit (group of cash-generating 
units)  and  an  operation  within  that  unit  is  disposed  of, 
the  goodwill  associated  with  the  operation  disposed  of 
is  included  in  the  carrying  amount  of  the  operation  when 
determining  the  gain  or  loss  on  disposal  of  the  operation. 
Goodwill  disposed  of  in  this  manner  is  measured  based 
on the relative values of the operation disposed of and the 
portion  of  the  cash-generating  unit  retained.  Impairment 
losses recognised for goodwill are not subsequently reversed.

(h) 

(i) 

Impairment

Financial assets

A  financial  asset  is  considered  to  be  impaired  if  objective 
evidence  indicates  that  one  or  more  events  have  had  a 
negative  effect  on  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  that 
asset.

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured 
at  amortised  cost  is  calculated  as  the  difference  between 
its carrying amount, and the present value of the estimated 
future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest 
rate.  An impairment loss in respect of an available-for-sale 
financial  asset  is  calculated  by  reference  to  its  current  fair 
value.

Individually  significant  financial  assets  are  tested  for 
impairment on an individual basis.  The remaining financial 
assets are assessed collectively in groups that share similar 
credit risk characteristics.

All impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss.  Any 
cumulative  loss  in  respect  of  an  available-for-sale  financial 
asset recognised previously in equity is transferred to profit 
or loss.

An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related 
objectively  to  an  event  occurring  after  the  impairment  loss 
was recognised.  For financial assets measured at amortised 
cost  and  available-for-sale  financial  assets  that  are  debt 
securities,  the  reversal  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss.    For 
available-for-sale  financial  assets  that  are  equity  securities, 
the reversal is recognised directly in equity. 

Annual Report 2011   37

 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

3.   

(ii) 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Non-financial assets

The  carrying  amounts  of  the  Group’s  non-financial  assets, 
other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed 
at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any 
indication of impairment.  If any such indication exists then 
the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.  

An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of 
an asset or its cash-generating unit exceeds its recoverable 
amount.    A  cash-generating  unit  is  the  smallest  identifiable 
asset  group  that  generates  cash  flows  that  largely  are 
independent  from  other  assets  and  groups.    Impairment 
losses  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss.    Impairment  losses 
recognised in respect of cash-generating units are allocated 
first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated 
to  the  units  and  then  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  the 
other assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro rata basis.

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit 
is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to 
sell.  In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows 
are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount 
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value 
of money and the risks specific to the asset.

An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  goodwill  is  not  reversed.  
In  respect  of  other  assets,  impairment  losses  recognised  in 
prior  periods  are  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  for  any 
indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists.  
An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change 
in estimates used to determine the recoverable amount.  An 
impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s 
carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount 
that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or 
amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.

(iii) 

Goodwill

Impairment  is  determined  by  assessing  the  recoverable 
amount of the cash-generating unit (group of cash-generating 
units), to which the goodwill relates.

(i) 

(i)  

Share capital - refer note 29

Issued Capital

Share  capital  is  recognised  at  the  fair  value  of  the 
consideration received.

(ii) 

Dividends 

Dividends are recognised as a liability in the period in which 
they are declared.

(iii) 

Transaction Costs

Transaction costs of an equity transaction are accounted for 
as  a  deduction  from  equity,  net  of  any  related  income  tax 
benefit.

(j) 

(i) 

Employee Benefits 

Short-term benefits - refer note 23

The provisions for employee entitlements to wages, salaries 
and annual leave due to be settled within 12 months of year 
end represent present obligations resulting from employees’ 
services  provided  up  to  the  balance  date,  calculated  at 
undiscounted  amounts  based  on  wage  and  salary  rates 
that  the  Group  expects  to  pay  as  at  the  reporting  date 
including  related  on-costs,  such  as  workers’  compensation  

and payroll tax.  Expenses for non-accumulating sick leave 
are recognised when the leave is taken and are measured at 
the rates paid or payable.

(ii) 

Long Service Leave - refer note 23

The  provision  for  employee  entitlements  to  long  service 
leave  represents  the  present  value  of  the  estimated  future 
cash outflows to be made resulting from employees’ services 
provided up to balance sheet date.

The provision is calculated using estimated future increases 
in  wage  and  salary  rates  including  related  on-costs  and 
expected settlement dates based on the Group’s experience 
with  staff  departures  and  is  discounted  using  the  rates 
attached to national government securities at balance sheet 
date, which most closely match the terms of maturity of the 
related liabilities.

(iii) 

Defined  Contribution  Superannuation  Fund 
refer note 37

-  

Obligations  for  contributions  to  the  defined  contribution 
superannuation  fund  are  recognised  as  an  expense  in  the 
income statement as incurred. 

(iv) 

Share-based payment transactions - refer note 36

Employees have been offered the right to take up shares in 
the Company under three plans (i) the Employee Share Plan 
No.1 provides $1,000 of shares per annum and is subject 
to  qualification  by  length  of  service,  (ii)  the  Executive  Long 
Term Share Plan (“ELTSP”) is subject to qualification by length 
of service and achievement of corporate performance targets 
related to returns to shareholders, and (iii) the Performance 
Rights Plan is subject to qualification by length of service and 
achievement of share price targets.

The fair value of rights granted to employees is recognised as 
an employee benefit expense with a corresponding increase 
in  equity.    The  fair  value  of  the  shares  granted  under  the 
Employee  Share  Plan  No.1  is  based  on  the  market  price 
of  the  shares  on  the  date  of  issue.    The  fair  value  of  the 
ELTSP is measured at grant date taking into account market 
performance  conditions  only,  and  spread  over  the  vesting 
period during which the employees become unconditionally 
entitled  to  the  performance–based  shares.    The  fair  value 
of  the  shares  granted  is  measured  using  a  Monte-Carlo 
simulation  model.    The  amount  recognised  as  an  expense 
is  adjusted  to  reflect  the  actual  number  of  shares  that  vest 
except where forfeiture is only due to market conditions that 
are  not  met.    The  fair  value  of  the  Performance  Rights  is 
measured at grant date taking into account the share price 
targets and spread over the expected life of the rights.

(k) 

Provisions – Warranties - refer note 25

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the 
Group has a present legal or constructive obligation that can 
be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of 
economic  benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation.  
Provisions  are  determined  by  discounting  the  expected 
future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market 
assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific 
to the liability.

Provision  for  warranty  is  recognised  when  the  underlying 
products are sold.  The provision is based on historical claim 
data.

38   Orbital

 
 
3.   

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

(l) 

Revenue Recognition

Borrowing  costs  consist  of  interest  and  other  costs  that  an 
entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds

Revenues are recognised and measured at the fair value of 
the consideration received net of the amount of goods and 
services tax (GST).  Exchanges of goods or services of the 
same nature and value without any cash consideration are 
not recognised as revenues.

(i) 

Revenue from Rendering of Services

Revenue from services rendered is recognised in the income 
statement  in  proportion  to  the  stage  of  completion  of  the 
transaction at the reporting date. The stage of completion is 
assessed by reference to the extent of work performed. No 
revenue  is  recognised  if  there  are  significant  uncertainties 
regarding recovery of the consideration due.

Revenue  received  in  advance  represents  cash  payments 
received  from  customers  in  accordance  with  contractual 
commitments prior to the performance of the service.

(ii) 

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when there is 
persuasive evidence, usually in the form of an executed sales 
agreement at the time of delivery of the goods to customer, 
indicating that there has been a transfer of risks and rewards 
to the customer, no further work or processing is required, the 
quantity and quality of the goods has been determined, the 
price is fixed and generally title has passed. 

(iii) 

Licence and royalties

Revenue  earned  under  various  licence,  royalty  and  other 
agreements  is  recognised  on  an  accrual  basis  upon  the 
satisfactory completion of contracted technical specifications.  
Additional revenue may be earned after a fixed time interval 
or  after  delivery  of  a  prototype  engine  and/or  hardware 
meeting specified performance targets, provided the licence 
agreements  are  not  terminated.    Under  the  terms  of  the 
licence  agreements,  licensees  are  not  specifically  obliged 
to  commence  production  and  sale  of  engines  using  OCP 
Technology and may terminate the agreements upon notice 
to  Orbital.    If  a  licensee  were  to  terminate  its  licence 
agreement with Orbital, the licensee would forfeit the licence 
and any technical disclosure fees paid through to the date of 
termination.  Revenue under royalty agreements is recognised 
when such amounts become due and payable.

(iv) 

Interest Revenue

Revenue is recognised as interest accrues using the effective 
interest method.

(v) 

Dividends

Revenue is recognised when the Group’s right to receive the 
payment is established.

(m) 

(i) 

Operating leases

Operating lease payments 

Payments  made  under  operating  leases  are  recognised  in 
the  income  statement  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  term 
of the lease. 

(n)  

Finance expense 

Borrowing  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition, 
construction or production of a qualifying asset (i.e. an asset 
that  necessarily  takes  a  substantial  period  of  time  to  get 
ready for its intended use or sale) are capitalised as part of 
the cost of that asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed 
in the period they occur.

(o) 

(i) 

Income Tax - refer note 10

Current income tax expense and liability

Income  tax  on  the  profit  or  loss  for  the  year  presented 
comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognised 
in  the  income  statement  except  to  the  extent  that  it  relates 
to  items  recognised  directly  in  equity,  in  which  case  it  is 
recognised in equity. 

Current  tax  is  the  expected  tax  payable  on  the  taxable 
income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantially 
enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to 
tax payable in respect of previous years.  

(ii) 

Deferred income tax expense and liability

Deferred  tax  is  provided  using  the  balance  sheet  liability 
method,  providing  for  temporary  differences  between 
the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial 
reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  taxation 
purposes.    The  amount  of  deferred  tax  provided  is  based 
on  the  expected  manner  of  realisation  or  settlement  of  the 
carrying  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities,  using  tax  rates 
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.  

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is 
probable that future taxable profits will be available against 
which  the  asset  can  be  utilised.    Deferred  tax  assets  are 
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the 
related tax benefit will be realised.  

(iii) 

Tax Consolidation

The  Company  and  its  wholly-owned  Australian  resident 
entities  have  formed  a  tax-consolidated  group  with  effect 
from 1 July 2002 and are therefore taxed as a single entity 
from that date.  The head entity within the tax-consolidated 
group is Orbital Corporation Limited.

(p) 

Operating segments - refer note 6 

An  operating  segment  is  a  component  of  an  entity  that 
engages  in  business  activities  from  which  it  may  earn 
revenues  and  incur  expenses  (including  revenues  and 
expenses  relating  to  transactions  with  other  components 
of  the  same  entity),  whose  operating  results  are  regularly 
reviewed  by  the  entity’s  executive  management  team  (the 
chief  operating  decision  maker)  to  make  decisions  about 
resources  to  be  allocated  to  the  segment  and  assess  its 
performance and for which discrete financial information is 
available.  Management  will  also  consider  other  factors  in 
determining operating segments such as the existence of a 
line manager and the level of segment information presented 
to the executive management team.

The  group  aggregates  two  or  more  operating  segments 
when  they  have  similar  economic  characteristics,  and  the 
segments are similar in each of the following respects:

•	 Nature	of	the	products	and	services,

•	 Nature	of	the	production	processes,

•	 Type	or	class	of	customer	for	the	products	and	services,

•	 Methods	used	 to	 distribute	 the	 products	 or	 provide	 the	

services, and if applicable

•	 Nature	of	the	regulatory	environment.

Annual Report 2011   39

 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

When the grant relates to an asset (investment grants relating 
to the construction of a heavy duty engine test facility), the fair 
value is credited to deferred income and is released to the 
income statement over the expected useful life of the relevant 
asset by equal annual instalments.

(t) 

Business combinations – refer note 38

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition 
method.  The  consideration  transferred  in  a  business 
combination shall be measured at fair value, which shall be 
calculated as the sum of the acquisition date fair values of the 
assets transferred by the acquirer, the liabilities incurred by 
the acquirer to former owners of the acquiree and the equity 
issued by the acquirer, and the amount of any non-controlling 
interest in the acquiree. For each business combination, the 
acquirer measures the non-controlling interest in the acquiree 
either  at  fair  value  or  at  the  proportionate  share  of  the 
acquiree’s  identifiable  net  assets.    Acquisition-related  costs 
are  expensed  as  incurred,  and  included  in  administrative 
expenses.

When the Group acquires a business, it assesses the financial 
assets  and  liabilities  assumed  for  appropriate  classification 
and  designation  in  accordance  with  the  contractual  terms, 
economic  conditions,  the  Group’s  operating  or  accounting 
policies and other pertinent conditions as at the acquisition 
date. This includes the separation of embedded derivatives 
in host contracts by the acquiree.

If  the  business  combination  is  achieved  in  stages,  the 
acquisition  date  fair  value  of  the  acquirer’s  previously  held 
equity interest in the acquiree is remeasured to fair value at 
the acquisition date through profit or loss.

Any  contingent  consideration  to  be  transferred  by  the 
acquirer  will  be  recognised  at  fair  value  at  the  acquisition 
date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent 
consideration which is deemed to be an asset or liability will 
be recognised in accordance with AASB 139 either in profit 
or loss or as a change to other comprehensive income. If the 
contingent consideration is classified as equity, it should not 
be remeasured until it is finally settled within equity

(u) 

New standards and interpretations  
not yet effective

The  following  standards,  amendments  to  standards  and 
interpretations  have  been  identified  as  those  which  may 
impact the entity in the period of initial application.  They are 
available for early adoption at 30 June 2011, but have not 
been applied in preparing this financial report:

3.   

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
(continued)

(p) 

Operating segments - refer note 6 (continued)

Operating  segments  that  meet  the  quantitative  criteria  as 
prescribed by AASB 8 are reported separately. However, an 
operating segment that does not meet the quantitative criteria 
is  still  reported  separately  where  information  about  the 
segment would be useful to users of the financial statements. 

Information  about  other  business  activities  and  operating 
segments  that  are  below  the  quantitative  criteria  are 
combined and disclosed in a separate category for “all other 
segments”.

(q) 

Goods and services tax

Revenue,  expenses  and  assets  are  recognised  net  of  the 
amount of goods and services tax (GST), except where the 
amount of GST incurred is not recoverable from the taxation 
authority.  In these circumstances, the GST is recognised as 
part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the 
expense.

Receivables  and  payables  are  stated  with  the  amounts  of 
GST included.  The net amount of GST recoverable from, or 
payable to, the Australian Taxation Office is included as a 
current asset or liability in the statement of financial position.

Cash  flows  are  included  in  the  statement  of  cash  flows  on 
a gross basis.  The GST components of cash flows arising 
from investing and financing activities which are recoverable 
from,  or  payable  to,  the  ATO  are  classified  as  operating 
cash flows.

(r) 

Earnings per share – refer note 11

The  Group  presents  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share 
(EPS) data for its ordinary shares.  Basic EPS is calculated by 
dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 
of  the  Company  by  the  weighted  average  number  of 
ordinary shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted  EPS  is  determined  by  adjusting  the  profit  or  loss 
attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  and  the  weighted 
average  number  of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  for  the 
effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.  

(s) 

Government grants – refer note 27

Government  grants  are  recognised  in  the  Statement  of 
Financial Position as a liability when the grant is received. 
Government  grants  are  recognised  as  income  over  the 
periods necessary to match them with the related costs which 
they  are  intended  to  compensate,  on  a  systematic  basis. 
Government grants received on compensation for expenses 
and  losses  already  incurred  or  for  the  purpose  of  giving 
immediate  financial  support  are  recognised  immediately  in 
profit and loss for the period.

When  the  grant  relates  to  a  discount  on  services  to  be 
rendered in the future, the fair value is credited to deferred 
revenue  and  is  released  to  the  income  statement  over  the 
periods that the discounted services are rendered.

40   Orbital

Application 
date of 
standard 

1 January 
2013

Application
date for
Group

1 July 2013

3.   

(u) 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

New standards and interpretations not yet effective (continued)

 Reference 

Title 

Summary 

AASB 9

(IFRS 9)

Financial Instruments

AASB 9 (IFRS 9) includes requirements for the classification 
and measurement of financial assets resulting from the first part 
of Phase 1 of the IASB’s project to replace IAS 39 Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement (AASB 139 Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement) (IAS 39). 

These  requirements  improve  and  simplify  the  approach  for 
classification and measurement of financial assets compared with 
the  requirements  of  AASB  139(IAS  39).  The  main  changes  from 
AASB 139 (IAS 39) are described below. 

(a)  Financial assets are classified based on (1) the objective of the 
entity’s business model for managing the financial assets; (2) 
the characteristics of the contractual cash flows. This replaces 
the numerous categories of financial assets in AASB 139 (IAS 
39), each of which had its own classification criteria.  

(b)  AASB 9 allows an irrevocable election on initial recognition to 
present gains and losses on investments in equity instruments 
that are not held for trading in other comprehensive income. 
Dividends in respect of these investments that are a return on 
investment can be recognised in profit or loss and there is no 
impairment or recycling on disposal of the instrument. 

(c)  Financial assets can be designated and measured at fair value 
through profit or loss at initial recognition if doing so eliminates 
or  significantly  reduces  a  measurement  or  recognition 
inconsistency  that  would  arise  from  measuring  assets  or 
liabilities,  or  recognising  the  gains  and  losses  on  them,  on 
different bases.

AASB 2009-
11

(IFRS 9 and 
consequential 
amendments 
to IFRS 1, 3, 
4, 5, 7, IAS 
1, 2, 8, 12, 
18, 21, 27, 
28, 31, 32, 
36, 39 and 
IFRIC 10, 12)

AASB 124 
(Revised)

(IAS 24)

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards arising 
from AASB 9 (IFRS 9) 
[AASB 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 101, 
102, 108, 112, 118, 121, 
127, 128, 131, 132, 136, 
139, 1023 & 1038 and 
Interpretations 10 & 12]

•	 These	amendments	arise	from	the	issuance	of	AASB	9	

Financial Instruments (IFRS 9) that sets out requirements for 
the classification and measurement of financial assets. The 
requirements in AASB 9 (IFRS 9) form part of the first phase 
of the International Accounting Standards Board’s project 
to replace IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and 
Measurement.

•	 This	 Standard	 shall	 be	 applied	 when	 AASB	 9	 (IFRS	 9)	 is	

applied.

1 January 
2013

1 July 2013

Related Party Disclosures 
(December 2009)

1 January 
2011

1 July 2011

The  revised  AASB  124  (IAS  24)  simplifies  the  definition  of  a 
related party, clarifying its intended meaning and eliminating 
inconsistencies from the definition, including:

(a)    The  definition  now  identifies  a  subsidiary  and  an  associate 

with the same investor as related parties of each other

(b)  Entities  significantly  influenced  by  one  person  and  entities 
significantly influenced by a close member of the family of that 
person are no longer related parties of each other 

(c)  The definition now identifies that, whenever a person or entity 
has both joint control over a second entity and joint control or 
significant  influence  over  a  third  party,  the  second  and  third 
entities are related to each other

A partial exemption is also provided from the disclosure requirements 
for government-related entities.  Entities that are related by virtue of 
being  controlled  by  the  same  government  can  provide  reduced 
related party disclosures. 

Annual Report 2011   41

 
  
 
 
  
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

3.   

(u) 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

New standards and interpretations not yet effective (continued)

 Reference 

Title 

Summary 

Application 
date of 
standard 

AASB 2009-
12

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards

This amendment makes numerous editorial changes to a range of 
Australian Accounting Standards and Interpretations.

1 January 
2011

[AASBs 5, 8, 108, 110, 112, 
119, 133, 137, 139, 1023 
& 1031 and Interpretations 2, 
4, 16, 1039 & 1052]

(IFRS 5, 8, 
IAS 8, 10, 
12, 19, 33, 
37, 39 and 
IFRIC 2, 4, 
16)

In  particular,  it  amends  AASB  8  Operating  Segments  (IFRS  8) 
to  require  an  entity  to  exercise  judgement  in  assessing  whether 
a  government  and  entities  known  to  be  under  the  control  of  that 
government are considered a single customer for the purposes of 
certain  operating  segment  disclosures.    It  also  makes  numerous 
editorial  amendments  to  a  range  of  Australian  Accounting 
Standards  and  Interpretations,  including  amendments  to  reflect 
changes made to the text of IFRS by the IASB.

Application
date for
Group

1 July 2011

AASB 1054

Australian Additional 
Disclosures

This standard is as a consequence of phase 1 of the joint Trans-
Tasman Convergence project of the AASB and FRSB.

1 January 
2011

1 July 2011

This standard relocates all Australian specific disclosures from other 
standards  to  one  place  and  revises  disclosures  in  the  following 
areas:

(a)  Compliance with Australian Accounting Standards

(b)  The  statutory  basis  or  reporting  framework  for  financial 

statements

(c)  Whether  the  financial  statements  are  general  purpose  or 

special purpose

(d)  Audit fees

(e)  Imputation credits

Emphasises  the  interaction  between  quantitative  and  qualitative 
AASB  7  (IFRS  7)  disclosures  and  the  nature  and  extent  of  risks 
associated with financial instruments.

Clarifies that an entity will present an analysis of other comprehensive 
income  for  each  component  of  equity,  either  in  the  statement  of 
changes in equity or in the notes to the financial statements. 

Provides guidance to illustrate how to apply disclosure principles in 
AASB 134 (IAS 34) for significant events and transactions.

Clarifies  that  when  the  fair  value  of  award  credits  is  measured 
based  on  the  value  of  the  awards  for  which  they  could  be 
redeemed, the amount of discounts or incentives otherwise granted 
to customers not participating in the award credit scheme, is to be 
taken into account.

This  Standard  makes  numerous  editorial  amendments  to  a  range 
of Australian Accounting Standards and Interpretations, including 
amendments  to  reflect  changes  made  to  the  text  of  IFRS  by  the 
IASB.

These amendments have no major impact on the requirements of 
the amended pronouncements.

increase 

requirements 

the  disclosure 

for 
The  amendments 
transactions  involving  transfers  of  financial  assets.  Disclosures 
require enhancements to the existing disclosures in AASB 7 (IFRS 7) 
where an asset is transferred but is not derecognised and introduce 
new  disclosures  for  assets  that  are  derecognised  but  the  entity 
continues to have a continuing exposure to the asset after the sale.

1 January 
2011

1 July 2011

1 January 
2011

1 July 2011

1 January 
2011

1 July 2011

AASB 2010-4

(IFRS 1, 7, 
IAS 1, 34 
and IFRIC 13)

Further Amendments to 
Australian Accounting 
Standards arising from the 
Annual Improvements Project 
[AASB 1, AASB 7, AASB 101, 
AASB 134 and Interpretation 
13]

AASB 2010-5

(IFRS 1, 3, 4, 
5, IAS 1, 7, 
12, 18, 19, 
21, 32, 33, 
34, 37, 39, 
40 and SIC 
12, 15, 27, 
32)

AASB 2010-6

(IFRS 1 & 7)

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards

[AASB 1, 3, 4, 5, 101, 
107, 112, 118, 119, 121, 
132, 133, 134, 137, 139, 
140, 1023 & 1038 and 
Interpretations 112, 115, 
127, 132 & 1042]

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards – 
Disclosures on Transfers of 
Financial Assets [AASB 1 & 
AASB 7] 

42   Orbital

  
 
 
  
 
 
3.   

(u) 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

New standards and interpretations not yet effective (continued)

 Reference 

Title 

Summary 

Application 
date of 
standard 

1 January 
2013

Application
date for
Group

1 July 2013

AASB 2010-7

(IFRS 9 and 
consequential 
amendments 
to IFRS 1, 3, 
4, 5, 7, IAS 
1, 2, 8, 12, 
18, 20, 21, 
27, 28, 31, 
32, 36, 37, 
39 and IFRIC 
2, 5, 10, 12, 
19 and SIC 
27)

AASB 2011-1

(IFRS 1, 5, 
IAS 1, 7, 8, 
21, 28, 32, 
34 and IFRIC 
2 and SIC 
12, 13)

AASB 2011-2

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards arising 
from AASB 9 (December 
2010)

[AASB 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 101, 
102, 108, 112, 118, 120, 
121, 127, 128, 131, 132, 
136, 137, 139, 1023, & 
1038 and interpretations 2, 5, 
10, 12, 19 & 127] 

The requirements for classifying and measuring financial liabilities 
were added to AASB 9 (IFRS 9). The existing requirements for the 
classification  of  financial  liabilities  and  the  ability  to  use  the  fair 
value option have been retained. However, where the fair value 
option  is  used  for  financial  liabilities  the  change  in  fair  value  is 
accounted for as follows:

•	 The	change	attributable	to	changes	in	credit	risk	are	presented	

in other comprehensive income (OCI)

•	 The	remaining	change	is	presented	in	profit	or	loss

If  this  approach  creates  or  enlarges  an  accounting  mismatch  in 
the profit or loss, the effect of the changes in credit risk are also 
presented in profit or loss.

This Standard amendments many Australian Accounting Standards, 
removing  the  disclosures  which  have  been  relocated  to  AASB 
1054.

1 January 
2011

1 July 2011

This Standard makes amendments to the application of the revised 
disclosures to Tier 2 entities, that are applying AASB 1053.

1 January 
2013

1 July 2013

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards 
arising from the Trans-Tasman 
Convergence project 

[AASB 1, AASB 5, AASB 
101, AASB 107, AASB 108, 
AASB 121, AASB 128, AASB 
132, AASB 134, Interpretation 
2, Interpretation 112, 
Interpretation 113]

Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards 
arising from the Trans-Tasman 
Convergence project – 
Reduced disclosure regime 

[AASB 101, AASB 1054]

**

(IFRS 10)

Consolidated Financial 
Statements 

IFRS 10 establishes a new control model that applies to all entities.  
It replaces parts of IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial 
Statements dealing with the accounting for consolidated financial 
statements and SIC-12 Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities. 

1 January 
2013

1 July 2013

The new control model broadens the situations when an entity is 
considered  to  be  controlled  by  another  entity  and  includes  new 
guidance  for  applying  the  model  to  specific  situations,  including 
when  acting  as  a  manager  may  give  control,  the  impact  of 
potential voting rights and when holding less than a majority voting 
rights may give control. 

Annual Report 2011   43

 
  
 
 
  
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

3.   

(u) 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

New standards and interpretations not yet effective (continued)

 Reference 

Title 

Summary 

**

(IFRS 11)

Joint Arrangements

**

(IFRS 12)

Disclosure of Interests in Other 
Entities

**

(IFRS 13)

Fair Value Measurement

IFRS 11 replaces IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures and SIC-13 Jointly- 
controlled Entities – Non-monetary Contributions by Ventures. IFRS 
11 uses the principle of control in IFRS 10 to define joint control, 
and therefore the determination of whether joint control exists may 
change.  In  addition  IFRS  11  removes  the  option  to  account  for 
jointly controlled entities (JCEs) using proportionate consolidation. 
Instead,  accounting  for  a  joint  arrangement  is  dependent  on  the 
nature of the rights and obligations arising from the arrangement. 
Joint  operations  that  give  the  venturers  a  right  to  the  underlying 
assets and obligations themselves is accounted for by recognising 
the share of those assets and obligations.  Joint ventures that give 
the  venturers  a  right  to  the  net  assets  is  accounted  for  using  the 
equity method.

IFRS  12  includes  all  disclosures  relating  to  an  entity’s  interests  in 
subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates and structures entities. 
New  disclosures  have  been  introduced  about  the  judgements 
made by management to determine whether control exists, and to 
require summarised information about associates and subsidiaries 
with non-controlling interests.

IFRS  13  establishes  a  single  source  of  guidance  under  IFRS  for 
determining  the  fair  value  of  assets  and  liabilities.  IFRS  13  does 
not change when an entity is required to use fair value, but rather, 
provides  guidance  on  how  to  determine  fair  value  under  IFRS 
when  fair  value  is  required  or  permitted  by  IFRS.  Application  of 
this definition may result in different fair values being determined 
for the relevant assets.

IFRS 13 also expands the disclosure requirements for all assets or 
liabilities carried at fair value.  This includes information about the 
assumptions made and the qualitative impact of those assumptions 
on the fair value determined.

*  

Designates the beginning of the applicable annual reporting period unless otherwise stated

**  

The AASB has not issued this standard, which was finalised by the IASB in May 2011

The directors have not determined the impact of the above new and amended accounting standards.

Application 
date of 
standard 

1 January 
2013

Application
date for
Group

1 July 2013

1 January 
2013

1 July 2013

1 January 
2013

1 July 2013

4. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

The Group’s principal financial instruments comprise cash and short-term deposits, receivables, payables, and financial liabilities.

The Group manages its exposure to key financial risks, including interest rate and currency risk in accordance with the Group’s 
financial  risk  management  policy.  The  objective  of  the  policy  is  to  support  the  delivery  of  the  Group’s  financial  targets  whilst 
protecting future financial security.

The Group from time-to-time enters into derivative transactions, principally forward currency contracts. The purpose is to manage 
the currency risks arising from the Group’s operations and its sources of revenue. The main risks arising from the Group’s financial 
instruments are interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group uses different methods to measure 
and manage different types of risks to which it is exposed. These include monitoring levels of exposure to interest rate and foreign 
exchange risk and assessments of market forecasts for interest and foreign exchange rates. Ageing analyses and monitoring of 
specific credit allowances are undertaken to manage credit risk, liquidity risk is monitored through the development of future rolling 
cash flow forecasts.

The Board reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks as summarised below.

Primary responsibility for identification and control of financial risks rests with the Audit Committee under the authority of the Board. 
The Board reviews and agrees policies for managing each of the risks identified below, including the setting of limits for hedging 
cover of foreign currency and interest rate risk, credit allowances, and future cash flow forecast projections.

44   Orbital

  
 
 
  
 
 
4. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (continued)

Risk Exposures and Responses

Interest rate risk
The Group’s exposure to market interest rates relates primarily to the Group’s cash, cash equivalents on deposit and term deposits 
with Australian banks.

The  primary  goal  of  the  Group  is  to  maximize  returns  on  surplus  cash,  using  deposits  with  maturities  of  less  than  90  days.  
Management continually monitors the returns on funds invested.  The Group also has a term deposit of greater than 90 days and 
less than 365 days that has been pledged as security to the Group’s bankers for a trade finance facility.

At balance date, the Group had the following mix of financial assets and financial liabilities exposed to Australian variable interest 
rate risk that are not designated in cash flow hedges:

Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities 
Interest bearing liabilities 
Contingent consideration 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 3,440  

 3,608 

 648  
 2,688  
 3,336  

2,056
 - 
2,056

The following sensitivity analysis is based on the interest rate risk exposures in existence at the balance sheet date: 

At 30 June 2011, if interest rates had moved, as illustrated in the table below, with all other variables held constant, post tax 
profit and other comprehensive income would have been affected as follows:

Consolidated

+1% (100 basis points) 

-.5% (50 basis points) 

Post tax profit 
Higher/(Lower) 

Other comprehensive income 
Higher/(Lower)

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000

 8  

 (4) 

 36  

 (18) 

 -  

 -  

 - 

 - 

The movements in profit are due to higher/lower interest revenue from variable rate cash balances. The sensitivity is the same in 
2011 as in 2010 because the only balances affected by interest rates are cash and interest-bearing loan balances.

Foreign currency risk 
As a result of the investment in Synerject LLC, an associate, the Group’s income statement and statement of financial position can 
be affected significantly by movements in the US$/A$ exchange rates.

The Group also has transactional currency exposures. Such exposure arises from sales or purchases by an operating entity in 
currencies other than the functional currency.

Approximately 20% (FY2010: 17%) of the Group’s sales are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the 
operating entity making the sale, whilst approximately 14% (FY2010: 26%) of costs are denominated in currencies other than the 
functional currency of the operating entity making the expenditure.

With  respect  to  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies,  the  Group  ensures  that  its  net  exposure  is  kept  to  an 
acceptable level by buying or selling forward foreign currency contracts at spot rates when incurred.  The Group does not hold 
foreign currency positions for trading purposes.

Annual Report 2011   45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

4. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (continued)

At 30 June 2011, the Group had the following exposure to US$ foreign currency that is not designated in cash flow hedges:

Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial liabilities
Trade and other payables 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 68  
 120  
 188  

 139  

 195 
 308 
 503 

 - 

At 30 June 2011, the Group had the following exposure to European Currency Units that is not designated in cash flow hedges:

Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial liabilities
Trade and other payables 

 13  
 23  
 36  

 130  

 23 
 48 
 71 

 - 

The following sensitivity is based on the foreign currency risk exposures in existence at the balance sheet date: 

At 30 June 2011, had the Australian Dollar moved, as illustrated in the table below, with all other variables held constant, post 
tax profit and other comprehensive income would have been affected as follows:

Consolidated 

AUD/USD/EURO +10% 

AUD/USD/EURO -5% 

Post Tax Profit 

Higher/(Lower) 

Other comprehensive 
 income 
Higher/(Lower)

2011 

$’000 

2010 

$’000 

2011 

$’000 

2010

$’000

 4  

 (2) 

 (46) 

 26  

 -  

 -  

 - 

 - 

The movements in profit in 2011 are less sensitive than in 2010 due to the lower level of net US Dollar assets and the net Euro 
financial liabilities position at balance date. 

Credit risk 
Credit risk arises from the financial assets of the Group, which comprise cash and cash equivalents and trade and other receivables. 
The Group’s exposure to credit risk arises from potential default of the counter party, with a maximum exposure equal to the carrying 
amount of these financial assets (as outlined in each applicable note).

The Group does not hold any credit derivatives to offset its credit exposure, however the Group does hold receivable insurance 
where appropriate.

It is the Group’s policy that all customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures including 
an assessment of their independent credit rating, financial position, past experience and industry reputation. Risk limits are set for 
each individual customer in accordance with parameters set by management. These risk limits are regularly monitored.

In addition, receivable balances are monitored on an ongoing basis.

There are no significant concentrations of credit risk within the Group and financial instruments are only invested with a major 
financial institution to minimise the risk of default of counterparties.  An ageing of receivables is included in note 14.

Liquidity risk
The Group has established a trade finance facility with its bankers.  The Group does not have any other bank overdrafts, bank 
loans, preference shares, finance leases or committed available credit lines at 30 June 2011.

The only external borrowings of the Group are the trade finance facility repayable on terms not exceeding 180 days and the 
interest  free  Western  Australian  Government  loan  of  $14,346,164  repayable  in  yearly  instalments  from  May  2010  to  May 
2025.

46   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

4. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (continued)

The Group has recognised a contingent consideration liability of $3,474,000 payable in November 2013 to the owners of the 
non-controlling interest in Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd. 

The table below reflects all contractually fixed pay-offs, repayments and interest resulting from recognised financial liabilities as of 
30 June 2011. For all obligations the respective undiscounted cash flows for the respective upcoming fiscal years are presented. 
Cash flows for financial liabilities without fixed amount or timing are based on the conditions existing at 30 June 2011.  The 
Group’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as is possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its 
liabilities when due and payable without incurring unacceptable losses or risks.

The remaining contractual maturities of the Group’s financial liabilities are:

6 months or less 
6-12 months 
1-5 years 
Over 5 years 

Fair value 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

 5,652  
 288  
 5,329  
 11,763  
 23,032  

2010
$’000

 4,732 
 240 
 1,546 
 12,360 
 18,878 

The methods for estimating fair value are outlined in the relevant notes to the financial statements.

The  Group’s  contingent  consideration  liability  belongs  to  level  3  fair  value  hierarchy,  where  the  inputs  for  the  valuation  of  the 
liability are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs)(Level 3).

The following table shows a reconciliation of the movement in the fair value of the financial instruments categorised within Level 3 
between the beginning and the end of the reporting period.

At 1 July 
Recognised during the year 
Released to the income statement 
At 30 June 

 -  
 2,688  
 -  
 2,688  

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

No gains or losses were recognised in the income statement during the current year due to a change in the fair value of the 
contingent consideration.

The fair value of the contingent consideration payable was calculated with reference to the estimated future value of the Sprint Gas 
business, which is based on an estimated average EBITDA multiple. The undiscounted value was discounted at the present value 
using a market discount rate of 9.8%.  If the business was to perform 20% better or 20% worse than forecast the estimated fair 
value of the contingent consideration would increase by $531,000/decrease by $531,000 respectively

5. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported amounts in the financial statements.  Management continually evaluates its judgements and estimates in relation to assets, 
liabilities, contingent liabilities, revenue and expenses.  Management bases its judgements and estimates on historical experience 
and on other various factors it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the result of which form the basis of the carrying 
values of the assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  Actual results may differ from these estimates 
under different assumptions and conditions.

Management has identified the following critical accounting policies for which significant judgements, estimates and assumptions 
are made.  Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions and may materially affect 
financial results or the financial position reported in future periods.

Further details of the nature of these assumptions and conditions may be found in the relevant notes to the financial statements.

(a) 

Significant accounting judgements

Impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill
The Group assesses impairment of all assets at each reporting date by evaluating conditions specific to the Group and to the 
particular asset that may lead to impairment. These include product and manufacturing performance, technology, economic and 
political  environments  and  future  product  expectations.    If  an  impairment  trigger  exists  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  asset  is 
determined.  Given the current uncertain economic environment management considered that the indicators of impairment were 
significant enough and as such these assets have been tested for impairment in this financial period.  Value in use models, based 
on approved budgets and forecasts, have been used to assess impairments of each cash generating unit.

Annual Report 2011   47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

5. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS (continued)

Capitalised development costs
Development costs are only capitalised when it can be demonstrated that the technical feasibility of completing the intangible 
asset is valid so that the asset will be available for use or sale.  During the reporting period the Group identified an impairment 
trigger in relation to the capitalised development costs for the aftermarket LPI kits and recognised an allowance for impairment of 
$1,065,000.

Consolidation of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd
On  27  May  2011,  Orbital  Autogas  Systems  Pty  Ltd  acquired  55%  of  the  voting  shares  of  Sprint  Gas  (Aust)  Pty  Ltd,  a  new 
company incorporated to acquire the operating business of Sprint Gas, an Australian business specializing in the importation and 
wholesaling of LPG Fuel systems.  Concurrently with the entering into of the Business Acquisition Agreement, the Group entered 
into a Subscription and Shareholders Agreement with the owners of the 45% non-controlling interest in Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd.  
As part of the Subscription and Shareholders Agreement Call and Put options were issued over the remaining 45% non-controlling 
interest. Management has determined that the Call and Put options, exercisable after 30 months, are in nature a forward contract 
and in substance represent contingent consideration.  The Group has accounted for the business combination as though it acquired 
a 100% interest and has recognised a financial liability to the non-controlling shareholders equal to the fair value of the underlying 
obligations under the Put and Call option (Contingent consideration liability).

(b)  

Significant accounting estimates and assumptions 

Taxation

The Group’s accounting policy for taxation requires management’s judgement as to the types of arrangements considered to be 
a tax on income in contrast to an operating cost. Judgement is also required in assessing whether deferred tax assets and certain 
deferred  tax  liabilities  are  recognised  on  the  balance  sheet.  Deferred  tax  assets,  including  those  arising  from  unrecouped  tax 
losses, capital losses and temporary differences, are recognised only where it is considered more likely than not that they will be 
recovered, which is dependent on the generation of sufficient future taxable profits. Assumptions about the generation of future 
taxable profits and repatriation of retained earnings depend on management’s estimates of future cash flows. These depend on 
estimates of future production and sales volumes, operating costs, capital expenditure, dividends and other capital management 
transactions. Judgements are also required about the application of income tax legislation. These judgements and assumptions are 
subject to risk and uncertainty, hence there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will alter expectations, which may impact 
the amount of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities recognised on the balance sheet and the amount of other tax losses 
and temporary differences not yet recognised. In such circumstances, some or all of the carrying amounts of recognised deferred 
tax assets and liabilities may require adjustment, resulting in a corresponding credit or charge to the income statement.

Share-based payment transactions
The Group measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at 
the date at which they are granted. The fair value of shares granted under the Employee Share Plan No.1 is the market value on the 
date of issue.  The fair value of the Executive Long Term Share Plan rights is determined by an external valuer using a monte-carlo 
simulation model, with the assumptions detailed in note 36.  The fair value of the performance rights is determined by an external 
valuer using a monte-carlo simulation model, with assumptions detailed in note 36.  The accounting estimates and assumptions 
relating to equity-settled share-based payments would have no impact on the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the 
next annual reporting period but may impact expenses and equity. 

Impairment of goodwill and intangibles with indefinite useful lives
The  Group  determines  whether  goodwill  and  intangibles  with  indefinite  useful  lives  are  impaired  at  least  on  an  annual  basis. 
This requires an estimation of the recoverable amount of the cash-generating units, using a value in use discounted cash flow 
methodology,  to  which  the  goodwill  and  intangibles  with  indefinite  useful  lives  are  allocated.  No  impairment  loss  has  been 
recognised in the current year in respect of goodwill.

Product warranty
In determining the level of provision required for product warranties the Group has made judgements in respect of the expected 
performance of the product, number of customers who will actually use the product warranty and how often, and the costs of 
fulfilling the performance of the product warranty. Historical experience and current knowledge of the performance of products has 
been used in determining this provision. The related carrying amounts are disclosed in note 25.

Estimation of useful lives of assets
The estimation of the useful lives of assets has been based on historical experience as well as manufacturers’ warranties (for plant 
and equipment). In addition, the condition of the assets is assessed at least once per year and considered against the remaining 
useful life. Adjustments to useful lives are made when considered necessary.

Revenue from Rendering of Services
Revenue from services rendered is recognised in the income statement in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction 
at the reporting date. The stage of completion is assessed by reference to the extent of work performed. No revenue is recognised 
if there are significant uncertainties regarding recovery of the consideration due.

48   Orbital

X

5. 

(b)  

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS (continued)

Significant accounting estimates and assumptions (continued) 

Recognition of contingent consideration
The  Group  has  measured  the  value  of  the  contingent  consideration  liability  by  reference  to  the  fair  values  of  the  underlying 
obligations under the Put and Call options that give rise to the liability.  In determining the fair values of underlying obligations 
under the Put and Call options the Group has made judgements in respect of the expected earnings before interest, depreciation 
and amortisation expected to be generated by the business during the calculation period.   

6. 

OPERATING SEGMENTS 

Identification of reportable segments

The  group  has  identified  its  operating  segments  based  on  the  internal  reports  that  are  reviewed  and  used  by  the  executive 
management team (the chief operating decision makers) in assessing performance and in determining the allocation of resources.

The  operating  segments  are  identified  by  management  based  on  the  manner  in  which  the  product  is  sold,  whether  retail  or 
wholesale, and the nature of the services provided, the identity of service line manager and country of origin. Discrete financial 
information about each of these operating businesses is reported to the executive management team on at least a monthly basis.

The reportable segments are based on the similarity of the products produced and sold and/or the services provided, as these are 
the sources of the Group’s major risks and have the most effect on the rates of return.

Types of products and services

Engineering services (consultancy)
The engineering services business provides consultancy services to original equipment manufacturers, engine manufacturers and 
government departments.  The engineering services provided include research, design, development, calibration, improvement, 
production support, performance testing, emissions testing and certification.

Alternative fuels (sale of goods)
The alternative fuels businesses provide LPG fuel systems to an Australian automobile manufacturer, LPG retrofit installers and also 
operate spare parts businesses for LPG fuel systems.

Royalties and licences (intellectual property rights)
The  royalties  and  licences  business  receives  revenue  from  licensees  of  Orbital  technologies.    Applications  utilising  Orbital 
technologies include outboard engines, autorickshaws and scooters.

Accounting policies 

The following items and associated assets and liabilities are not allocated to operating segments as they are not considered part 
of the core operations of any segment:

•	 Corporate	management	and	finance	and	administration	overhead	expenses.

•	 Share	of	profit	from	equity	accounted	investment.

•	 Finance	costs	-	including	adjustments	on	provisions	due	to	discounting.

•	 Cash	and	cash	equivalents.

•	 Borrowings.

Segment capital expenditure is the total cost incurred during the period to acquire segment assets that are expected to be used 
for more than one period.

Inter-segment pricing is determined on an arm’s length basis.

Geographical information

The engineering services and royalties and licences segments are managed on a worldwide basis.  The alternative fuels segment 
is managed on an Australian basis.

In presenting geographical information revenue is based on the geographical location of customers and non-current assets are 
based on the geographical location of the assets.

Revenue is derived predominantly from the provision of engineering services, the sale of LPG fuel systems and the sale of intellectual 
property  rights  to  Orbital’s  OCP  technology.  The  consolidated  entity  operates  predominantly  in  the  automotive,  marine  and 
motorcycle engine markets.

Major customers 

The Group has a number of customers to which it provides both products and services. The alternative fuels segment supplies an 
Australian automobile manufacturer with LPG fuel systems that accounted for 12.7% of external revenue (2010: 22.9%). The next 
most significant customer which accounted for 12.2% (2010: 12.1%) of external revenue was in the engineering services segment.  
No other customer accounts for more than 10% of revenue.

Annual Report 2011   49

 
X

Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

6. 

OPERATING SEGMENTS (continued)

(a) 

Operating segments

Consulting  
Services 

Alternative 
Fuels 

Royalties and 
licences (i) 

Consolidated

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000

Segment Revenue - external customers 

 9,492  

 9,621  

 5,847  

 6,203  

 1,081  

 1,199    16,420    17,023 

Unallocated other revenue 

Total Revenue 

Segment profit/(loss) 

Research & development 

Unallocated expenses - net (ii) 

Gain on restructure of WA Government Loan 

Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment 

Finance costs 

Share of profit from equity accounted investment 

Net profit before related income tax 

Income tax benefit 

Profit after tax attributable to members 

 218  

 242 

 16,638    17,265 

 161  

 1,031  

 (2,764) 

 (1,727) 

 610  

 732  

 (1,993) 

 36 

 (1,158) 

 (1,152)

 (2,581) 

 (3,570)

 -      7,695 

 4,760  

 -   

 (688) 

 (755)

 3,233  

 1,874 

 1,573  

 4,128 

 190  

 388 

 1,763  

 4,516 

Consulting  
Services 

Alternative 
Fuels 

Royalties and 
licences (i) 

Consolidated

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000

Non-cash (revenue) and expenses 

Depreciation and amortisation 

 695  

 737  

 479  

 267  

Equity settled employee compensation 

 122  

 127  

 9  

 49  

Other non-cash (income)/expenses 

 (225) 

 (345) 

 2,007  

 -    

Segment non-cash expenses 

 592  

 519  

 2,495  

 316  

 -    

 1  

 -    

 1  

Equity settled employee compensation 

Amortisation of non-interest bearing loans 

Gain on restructure of WA Government Loan 

Share of profit from equity accounted investment 

Foreign exchange translation (gain)/loss 

Total non-cash (revenue) and expenses 

 -      1,174  

 1,004 

 1  

 132  

 177 

 -      1,782  

 (345)

 1  

 3,088  

 202  

 614  

 836 

 163 

 626 

 -      (7,695)

 (3,233) 

 (1,874)

 (79) 

 97 

 592  

 (7,847)

(i) 

Licence and royalty costs include direct patent costs and research and development.

(ii)  Unallocated  expenses  (net)  include  corporate  management  and  finance  and  administration  overhead  expenses  net  of 
unallocated other income. In FY10, unallocated expenses include $595,000 of due diligence and capital raising expenses 
for a proposed acquisition which did not proceed.

50   Annual Report 2010 

Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. 

OPERATING SEGMENTS (continued)

(a) 

Operating segments (continued)

Segment Assets 

Unallocated assets 

Cash 

Other financial assets 

Equity accounted investment in associate 

Deferred tax asset 

Consolidated Total Assets 

Segment Liabilities 

Unallocated liabilities 

Borrowings 

Consolidated Total Liabilities 

Consolidated Net Assets 

Consulting  
Services 

Alternative 
Fuels 

Royalties and 
licences (i) 

Consolidated

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000

 7,619    10,695  

 9,581  

 6,784  

 336  

 763    17,536    18,242 

 3,440  

 3,608 

 3,434  

 -   

 11,406    11,534 

 4,958  

 5,215 

 40,774    38,599 

 7,766  

 7,348  

 5,672  

 2,847  

 77  

 -     13,515    10,195 

 7,777  

 7,604 

 21,292    17,799 

 19,482    20,800 

Segment acquisitions of non current assets 

 217  

 827  

 857  

 1,695  

 -    

 -      1,074  

 2,522

Acquisitions of non-current assets represent acquisitions of property, plant and equipment of $481,000 and development of 
intangibles of $593,000

(b) 

Geographic information

Americas 

Europe 

Asia 

Australia 

Consolidated

2011  2010  2011  2010  2011  2010  2011  2010  2011  2010 
$’000  $’000  $’000  $’000  $’000  $’000  $’000  $’000  $’000  $’000

Revenue - external customers 

 3,473    4,032  

 889  

 282    1,917    3,665   10,141    9,044   16,420   17,023 

Non-current assets 

 16,122   16,749  

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -     6,549    9,436   22,671   26,185 

7. 

OTHER REVENUE

Interest revenue 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 218  

 242 

Orbital  

2010 Annual Report   51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

8. 

OTHER INCOME

Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment 
Automotive grant income (a) 
Net foreign exchange gains 
Government grant arising on restructure of non interest bearing loan (refer note 26) 
Grant income 
Other  

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 4,760  
 680  
 79  
 -  
 587  
 4  

 41 
 538 
 - 
 7,695 
 330 
 155 

 6,110  

 8,759 

(a)  The  Group  received  Automotive  Competitiveness  and  Investment  Scheme  (ACIS)  credits  from  the  Federal  Government  for 
qualifying  research  and  development  activities  and  accounts  for  these  as  government  grants.  During  the  year  ACIS  was 
replaced by the Automotive Transformation Scheme

9. 

EXPENSES 

(a) 

Employee benefits expense

Salaries and wages 
Contributions to defined contributions superannuation funds 
Share based payments 
(Decrease)/Increase in liability for annual leave 
Increase in liability for long service leave 
Termination costs 
Other associated personnel expenses 

(b) 

Finance costs

Interest on borrowings 
Non-cash interest expense WA Government Loan 

(c) 

Other expenses

Administration 
Marketing 
Investor relations 
(Write-back)/allowance for impairment of receivables 
Write-off previously capitalised development expenditure 
Net foreign exchange losses 
Other   

(d) 

Inventory expenses

Raw materials and consumables purchased 
Inventory write-downs (Note 15) 
Change in inventories 

(e) 

Lease payments included in income statement

 8,249  
 892  
 334  
 18  
 19  
 418  
 564  
 10,494  

 74  
 614  
 688  

 234  
 73  
 28  
 43  
 1,065  
 -  
 334  
 1,777  

 8,485 
 914 
 339 
 (110)
 98 
 276 
 790 
 10,792 

 129 
 626 
 755 

 284 
 97 
 88 
 (114)
 - 
 97 
 293 
 745 

 4,208  
 942  
 (666) 

 4,484  

 5,245 
 - 
 (638)

 4,607 

Minimum lease payments - operating lease 

 490  

 171 

52   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

9. 

EXPENSES (continued)

(f) 

Research and development costs 

Research and development costs charged directly to the income statement:

–  LPI development 
–  Green Car Innovation Fund project 
–  Other research & development 

10. 

INCOME TAX

(a) 

Recognised in the income statement

Current income tax

Current year (expense)/benefit 
Prior year under provided 

Deferred tax

Relating to originating and reversing temporary differences 
Benefit on recognition of tax losses 

Total income tax benefit in income statement 

(b) 

Numerical reconciliation between tax benefit and pre-tax net profit

Profit before tax 

Income tax using the statutory tax rates 
–  Non deductible expenditure 
–  Non assessable items 
–  Deferred tax assets not brought to account in prior years now recognised 
–  Net withholding tax recouped/(paid) 
–  United States of America Federal and State taxes 
–  Under provided for in prior periods 

Income tax benefit on pre-tax net profit 

(c) 

Tax consolidation

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 -  
 963  
 195  

 275 
 - 
 877 

 1,158  

 1,152 

 (342) 
 -  

 (342) 

 79 
 (108)

 (29)

 -  
 532  

 532  

 (2,826)
 3,243 

 417 

 190  

 388 

 1,573  

 4,128 

 (472) 
 (711) 
 706  
 922  
 (70) 
 (185) 
 -  

 190  

 (1,238)
 (1,193)
 444 
 2,404 
 202 
 (123)
 (108)

 388 

(i)   Members of the tax consolidated group and the tax sharing arrangement

  Orbital Corporation Limited and its 100% owned Australian resident subsidiaries formed a tax consolidated group with effect 
from 1 July 2002. Orbital Corporation Limited is the head entity of the tax consolidated group. Members of the group have 
entered into a tax sharing agreement that provides for the allocation of income tax liabilities between the entities should the 
head entity default on its tax payment obligations. No amounts have been recognised in the financial statements in respect of 
this agreement on the basis that the possibility of default is remote.

Annual Report 2011   53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

11. 

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share

The calculation of basic earnings per share at 30 June 2011 was based on the profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of 
$1,763,084 (2010: profit $4,515,451) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial 
year ended 30 June 2011 of 48,325,837 shares (2010: 48,086,676 shares), calculated as follows:

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$ 

2010
$

Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 

 1,763,084  

 4,515,451 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (1) 

Number 

Number

Weighted average number of ordinary shares at 30 June 
Effect of potential dilutive ordinary shares 

Weighted average number of potential dilutive ordinary shares at 30 June 

 48,325,837    48,086,676 
 539,125 
 -    

 48,325,837    48,625,801 

Earnings per share  

Basic earnings per share 

Diluted earnings per share 

cents 

cents

 3.65  

 3.65  

 9.39 

 9.29 

Shares  granted  to  employees  (including  Key  Management  Personnel)  as  described  in  note  36  are  considered  to  be  potential 
ordinary shares and have been included in the determination of the diluted earnings per share to the extent they are dilutive.  These 
potential ordinary shares have not been included in the determination of basic earnings per share.  In the current year, no potential 
shares which are issuable under the ELTSP have been included in the diluted earnings per share calculation.  The 2,849,800 
rights granted under the ELTSP and the 1,150,000 performance rights have not been included in the diluted earnings per share 
calculation as they are contingent on future performance.

(1) Share Consolidation

On 28 October, 2010 the shareholders in Annual General Meeting approved the consolidation of ordinary shares on the basis 
that every ten ordinary shares be consolidated into one ordinary share, and where this consolidation results in a fraction of a share 
being held by a shareholder, the directors of the Company be authorised to round that fraction up to the nearest whole share.  The 
share consolidation became effective on 28 October, 2010.  The effect of the share consolidation has been retroactively applied 
to the number of shares outstanding and earnings per share calculations above.  

12. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash at bank 
Cash at bank - US dollars 
Cash at bank - European currency units 
At call deposits - financial institutions 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 1,181  
 68  
 13  
 2,178  

 3,440  

 148 
 195 
 23 
 3,242 

 3,608 

54   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

13. 

OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

Short term deposits - financial institutions 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

 3,434  

 3,434  

2010
$’000

 - 

 - 

Short term deposits represents term deposits with financial institutions for periods greater than 90 days and less than 365 days 
earning interest at the respective term deposit rates at time of lodgement.

Due to the short term nature of the deposits carrying value approximates fair value. Short term deposits are only invested with a 
major financial institution to minimise the risk of default of counterparties.

14. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Current

Trade receivables 
Allowance for impairment loss (a) 

Accrued royalties 
Taxation instalments 
Other receivables 
Prepayments 

(a) 

Allowance for impairment loss

 6,284  
 (154)  

 6,130  
 288  
 48  
 117  
 258  

 6,841  

 4,138 
(116)

 4,022 
 734 
 141 
 71 
 116 

 5,084 

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on 30-60 day terms.  An allowance for impairment loss is recognised 
when there is objective evidence that an individual trade receivable is impaired.  An impairment allowance account of $154,000 
(2010: $116,000) has been recognised by the Group at balance date.  Movement in this allowance account has been included 
in the other expenses item.

Movements in the allowance for impairment loss were as follows:

At 1 July  
Write-back/(charge) for the year 
Amounts written off 

At 30 June  

At 30 June, the ageing analysis of trade receivables is as follows:

 (116) 
 (43) 
 5  

 (154) 

 (230)
 114 
 - 

 (116)

Total 

0-30 
days 

31-60 
days 

61-90 
days 
PDNI* 

+91 
days 
PDNI* 

+91
days
CI*

 6,284  

 4,484  

 1,097  

 267  

 282  

 154 

 4,138  

 2,494  

 1,009  

 419  

 100  

 116 

 2011 Consolidated 

 2010 Consolidated 

*  Past due not impaired (‘PDNI’)

  Considered impaired (‘CI’)

Receivables past due but not considered impaired are $549,000 (2010:$519,000).  Payment terms on these amounts have  
not been re-negotiated. Management has been in contact with each relevant debtor and is satisfied that payment will be received 
in full.

Other balances within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets and are not past due.  It is expected that these 
other balances will be received when due.

Annual Report 2011   55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

14. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued

(b) 

Fair value and credit risk

Due to the short term nature of these receivables, their carrying value is assumed to approximate fair value.

The maximum exposure to credit risk is the fair value of receivables.  Collateral is not held as security.  

(c) 

Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

Detail regarding foreign exchange and interest rate risk exposure is disclosed in note 4.

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

15. 

INVENTORIES

Materials and production supplies - at lower of cost and net realisable value 

 4,388  

 3,722 

(a) 

Inventory expense

Inventories recognised as an expense for the year ended 30 June 2011 totalled $4,484,000 (2010: $4,607,000) for the Group 
(Refer to Note 9(d)).

Inventory write-downs recognised as an expense totalled $942,000 (2010: $nil) for the Group as a result of the contraction of the 
Australian LPG retrofit market (Refer to Note 19(c)). 

16. 

INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATE

(a) 

Interest in Synerject LLC

On  31  March  2009  the  Group  sold  an  8%  share  of  Synerject  LLC  to  Continental  Corporation.    The  sale  of  the  interest  to 
Continental Corporation resulted in a loss of joint control of Synerject, as such the investment is now recognised and disclosed as 
an investment in an associate.  

The principal activities of Synerject LLC are the marketing, sale and manufacture, including research and development in the area 
of engine management systems and components in the marine, recreational, motorcycle and utility markets.

The Group accounts for the investment in Synerject using the equity method.

The Group has the following interests in Synerject: 

Name 

Principal activities 

 incorporation    Year end  

2011 

2010

 Country of  

 Financial  

 30 June Ownership 

Synerject LLC 

Manufacture of engine management systems  

 USA  

31 December 

42% 

42%

Summarised financial information relating to Synerject at 30 June 2011 is as follows: 

Total 

 Total  

Revenues 

Profit 

Assets 

 Liabilities   Net assets

(100%) 

(100%) 

(100%) 

(100%)  

(100%)

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000

 120,834  

 6,500  

 53,810  

 33,025  

 20,785 

 90,375  

 4,744  

 46,071  

 29,688  

 16,383 

30 June 2011 

30 June 2010 

56   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

16. 

INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATE (continued)

Share of 
Synerject’s 
net profit 
recognised 
A$’000 

Total 
Assets 
(100%) 
A$’000 

Total 
Liabilities 
(100%) 
A$’000 

 Net assets 
as reported  
by 
Synerject  
(100%) 
A$’000 

Share of
 Synerject’s
net assets 
equity
 accounted
A$’000

Revenues 
(100%) 
A$’000 

Profit 
(100%) 
A$’000 

30 June 2011 

 122,314  

 6,580  

 3,233  

 50,107  

 30,752  

 19,355  

 11,406  

30 June 2010 

 104,323  

 5,476  

 1,874  

 53,478  

 34,461  

 19,017  

 11,534

(b) 

Movements in the carrying amount of the Group’s interest in Synerject

Beginning of year 
Share of profits after tax 
Share of reserves 
Dividends received 
Unrealised foreign exchange movements 

End of year 

(c) 

Results of Synerject

Share of Synerject’s profit before income tax 
Share of income tax expense 

Share of Synerject’s net profit - as disclosed by Synerject 

Adjustments: 
- dissimilar accounting treatment with respect to revenue recognition 
- dissimilar accounting treatment with respect to development expenditure 
- dissimilar accounting treatment with respect to intangibles 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 11,534  
 3,233  
 343  
 (1,208) 
 (2,496) 

 11,406  

 11,264 
 1,874 
 (357)
 (677)
 (570)

 11,534 

 2,835  
 (71) 

 2,764  

 357  
 98  
 14  

 2,363 
 (87)

 2,276 

 (402)
 (354)
 354 

Share of jointly controlled entity’s net profit accounted for using the equity method 

 3,233  

 1,874 

(d) 

Commitments

Share of Synerject’s capital commitments contracted but not provided for or payable:
Within one year 
One year or later and no later than five years 
Later than 5 years 

 292  
 1,014  
 467  

 1,773  

 649 
 1,349 
 741 

 2,739 

17. 

DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following:

Consolidated 

Deferred 
Tax Assets 

Deferred 
Tax Liabilities 

Net

2011 

2010 

2011 

2010 

2011 

2010

$’000 

$’000 

$’000 

$’000 

$’000 

$’000

Tax value of US loss carry-forwards recognised 

4,716 

 5,215  

 -  

 -  

 4,716 

 5,215 

Other net temporary differences 

Net tax assets 

  2,301  

 2,197  

 (2,059) 

 (2,197) 

 242  

 - 

  7,017  

 7,412  

 (2,059) 

 (2,197) 

 4,958  

 5,215  

Annual Report 2011   57

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

17. 

DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (continued)

Unrecognised deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of the following items:

Australia (net at 30%) 

Tax losses 
Timing difference from provision for capital loss on investment 
Other net temporary differences (a) 

United States of America (net at 34%)

Tax losses 
Other net temporary differences 

(a) 

Other net temporary differences 

Annual leave 
Long service leave 
Staff bonus 
Revenue in advance 
Impairment allowance 
Other 
Government loan 
Accelerated depreciation: plant & equipment 

Net temporary differences 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 17,907  
 1,934  
 233  

 20,074  

 17,654 
 1,934 
 (207)

 19,381 

 8,588  
 3,339  

 11,927  

 10,632 
 5,075 

 15,707 

 339  
 407  
 15  
 1,122  
 320  
 (208) 
 (1,851) 
 89  

 233  

 259 
 401 
 173 
 964 
 - 
 193 
 (2,023)
 (174)

 (207)

Under the tax laws of the United States, tax losses that cannot be fully utilised for tax purposes during the current year may be carried 
forward, subject to some statutory limitations, to reduce taxable income in future years.  At 30 June 2011, the available tax carry 
forward losses of US$40,154,383 (2010: US$45,034,834) expire between the years 2012 and 2024.

Movement in temporary differences during the year

Consolidated

Balance 
1-Jul-09 
$’000 

Acquired 
during the year 
$’000 

Recognised 
in income 
$’000 

Recognised 
in equity (b) 
$’000 

Balance 
30-Jun-10 
$’000

Tax value of loss carry-forwards recognised 

Net tax assets 

 5,054  

 5,054  

 -    

 -    

 417  

 417  

 (256) 

 (256) 

 5,215 

 5,215 

Consolidated

Balance 
1-Jul-10 
$’000 

Acquired 
during the year 
$’000 

Recognised 
in income 
$’000 

Recognised 
in equity (b) 
$’000 

Balance 
30-Jun-11 
$’000

Tax value of loss carry-forwards recognised 

 5,215  

 -    

 532  

 (1,031) 

 4,716 

Other temporary differences 

Net tax assets 

 -    

 5,215  

 242  

 242  

 -    

 -    

 242 

 532  

 (1,031) 

 4,958 

(b)  The amounts recognised through equity represent the foreign exchange differences arising on the translation of the foreign 

subsidiary.

58   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

18. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Freehold land
At cost 

Buildings
At cost 
Less: accumulated depreciation 

Plant and equipment
At cost 
Less: accumulated depreciation 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 -  

 1,091 

 -  
 -  

 -  

 3,057 
 (1,137)

 1,920 

 21,693  
 (17,559) 

 4,134  

 22,336 
 (17,436)

 4,900 

Total property, plant and equipment - net book value 

 4,134  

 7,911 

Reconciliations

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts for each class of property,  
plant and equipment are set out below:

Freehold land

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Disposals 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Buildings

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Disposals 
Depreciation 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Plant and equipment

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Additions 
Acquired in business combination 
Disposals 
Depreciation 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Total

Carrying amount at beginning of year 

Carrying amount at end of year 

 1,091  
 (1,091) 

 -  

 1,091 
 - 

 1,091 

 1,920  
 (1,866) 
 (54) 

 -  

 2,002 
 - 
 (82)

 1,920 

 4,900  
 481  
 468  
 (839) 
 (876) 

 4,134  

 4,304 
 1,394 

 -   

 (3)
 (795)

 4,900 

 7,911  

 4,134  

 7,397 

 7,911 

All property, plant and equipment of the Group are subject to floating charges from the Group’s banker (see note 22) and from 
the Government of Western Australia (see note 26).

Annual Report 2011   59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

19. 

INTANGIBLES AND GOODWILL 

Net carrying value
Goodwill acquired in business combinations
At cost 

Capitalised development expenditure
At cost 
Less: accumulated amortisation 
Less: allowance for impairment 

Total intangibles and goodwill - net book value 

(a) Reconciliation of carrying amounts at the beginning and end of the period

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts for goodwill

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Goodwill arising from acquisition of Sprint Gas business (note 38) 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts for capitalised development expenditure
Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Additions 
Write-off of previously capitalised development expenditure 
Amortisation 

Carrying amount at end of year 

(b) Description of the Group’s intangible assets and goodwill

Goodwill 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 1,736  

 363 

 1,891  
 (389) 
 (1,065) 

 437  

 1,298 
 (136)
 - 

 1,162 

 2,173  

 1,525 

 363  
 1,373  

 1,736  

 363 
 - 

 363 

 1,162  
 593  
 (1,065) 
 (253) 

 437  

 170 
 1,128 
 - 
 (136)

 1,162 

The goodwill arose on the acquisitions of Boral Alternative Fuel Systems on 26 June 2008 ($363,000) and Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty 
Ltd on 27 May 2011 ($1,373,000). 

After initial recognition, goodwill acquired in a business combination is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.  
Goodwill is not amortised but is subject to impairment testing on an annual basis or whenever there is an indication of impairment.

Capitalised development expenditure

Expenditure on development activities relating to next generation LPG fuel systems for the Ford EcoLPI Falcon have been capitalised.  
The EcoLPI range of Falcon vehicles were launched by Ford Australia in July 2011.

(c) Impairment losses recognised

(i) Continuing operations

An impairment loss of $1,065,000 on previously capitalised development expenditure was recognised for continuing operations 
in the 2011 financial year (2010: $nil). The impaired development expenditure related to the development of LPG fuel systems 
for aftermarket conversions.  The impairment loss was recognised as a result of the contraction of the Australian LPG retrofit market, 
which led to a significant decrease in the number of vehicles being converted to LPG during the reporting period and to lower than 
expected penetration of our Liquid LPG product into this contracting market.  The assessment of recoverable amount was based on 
a value in use model using a discount rate of 18.4% and was determined at the cash-generating unit level.  The cash-generating 
unit consists of the capitalised development costs relating to the reportable Alternative Fuels Segment.  The impairment loss has been 
recognised in the income statement in the line item “other expenses”.

60   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

19. 

INTANGIBLES AND GOODWILL (continued)

(d) Impairment tests for goodwill and intangibles with indefinite useful lives

(i)   Description of the cash generating units and other relevant information

Goodwill  acquired  through  business  combinations  have  been  allocated  to  and  are  tested  at  the  level  of  their  respective  cash 
generating units, each of which is an operating segment within the same reportable segment (refer to note 6), for impairment testi

•	 Orbital	Autogas	Systems	cash	generating	unit

•	 Sprint	Gas	cash	generating	unit

Orbital Autogas Systems cash generating unit 

The recoverable amount of the Orbital Autogas Systems cash generating unit has been determined based on a value in use calculation 
using cash flow projections as at 30 June 2011 based on financial budgets approved by management covering a five-year period. 
The pre-tax, risk-adjusted discount rate applied to these cash flow projections is 18.4%.

Sprint Gas cash generating unit 

The recoverable amount of the Sprint Gas cash generating unit has been determined based on a value in use calculation using 
cash flow projections as at 30 June 2011 based on financial budgets approved by management covering a five-year period.

The pre-tax, risk-adjusted discount rate applied to these cash flow projections is 18.4%.

(ii)   Carrying amount of goodwill and intangible assets allocated to each of the cash generating units

The carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets allocated to the Orbital Autogas Systems segment and to the Sprint Gas 
segment are shown below:

Carrying amount of goodwill 

2011 
$’000 

2010 
$’000 

 363  

 363  

2011 
$’000 
 1,373  

Carrying amount of capitalised development expenditure 

 437  

 1,162  

 -  

2010 
$’000 

 -  

 -  

2011 
$’000 
 1,736  

2010 
$’000

 363 

 437  

 1,162 

Orbital Autogas  
Systems 

Sprint Gas 

Total

(iii)  Key  assumptions  used  in  value  in  use  calculations  for  the  Orbital  Autogas  Systems  and  Sprint  Gas  units,  respectively,  for  

30 June 2011 and 30 June 2010

The calculations of value in use for the Orbital Autogas Systems and Sprint Gas cash generating units are most sensitive to the 
following assumptions:

•	 Revenue

•	 Gross	margins

•	 Discount	rates

Revenues – revenues for the Orbital Autogas Systems unit are based on expected volumes of production of the Ford EcoLPI Falcon 
by its largest customer, Ford Australia, over the budget period and for the Sprint Gas unit are based on values achieved in the 
years preceding the start of the budget period.

Gross margins — gross margins are based on the average values achieved in the years preceding the start of the budget period.

Discount rates — discount rates reflect management’s estimate of the time value of money and the risks specific to each unit that 
are not already reflected in the cash flows. In determining appropriate discount rates for each unit, regard has been given to the 
external borrowing rate of the entity as a whole.

Annual Report 2011   61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

19. 

INTANGIBLES AND GOODWILL (continued)

(iv)  Sensitivity to changes in assumptions

Orbital Autogas Systems sales unit

With  regard  to  the  assessment  of  the  value  in  use  of  the  Orbital  Autogas  Systems  sales  unit,  management  believe  that  no 
reasonably possible change in any of the above key assumptions would cause the carrying value of the unit to materially exceed 
its recoverable amount.

Sprint Gas sales unit

With regard to the assessment of the value in use of the Sprint Gas sales unit, management believe that no reasonably possible 
change  in  any  of  the  above  key  assumptions  would  cause  the  carrying  value  of  the  unit  to  materially  exceed  its  recoverable 
amount.

20. 

TRADE PAYABLES AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Current

Trade creditors and accruals 
Revenues received in advance 

(a) 

Fair value

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 3,453  
 1,551  

 5,004  

 2,047 
 629 

 2,676 

Due to the short term nature of trade payables and other liabilities, their carrying value is assumed to approximate their fair 
value.

(b)  

Interest rate, foreign exchange and liquidity risk

Information regarding interest rate, foreign exchange and liquidity risk exposure is set out in note 4.

21. 

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS

Current

Loans and advances - secured (a) 

(a) 

Security

 648  

 2,056 

A first ranking mortgage debenture with fixed and floating charges over the whole of the assets has been granted to the Company’s 
banker for the establishment of the credit facilities and forward exchange contracts totalling $3,365,000 (2010: $3,800,000).

(b)  

Maturity

All loans and advances have a maturity of no greater than 180 days.

62   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. 

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS (continued)

(c) 

Interest

Interest calculations are based on fixed interest rates applicable at the date of drawdown and payable on maturity. The average 
interest rate on borrowings outstanding at reporting date is 8.49% (2010: 8.00%).

(d) 

Fair value

Due to the short term nature of these loans, their carrying value is assumed to approximate their fair value.

(e)  

Interest rate, foreign exchange and liquidity risk

Information regarding interest rate, foreign exchange and liquidity risk exposure is set out in note 4.

22. 

FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

The consolidated entity has standby arrangements with Westpac Banking Corporation to provide support facilities:

NOTE 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

Total facilities available

Forward exchange contracts facility 
Trade finance facility 
Corporate credit card facility 
Bank guarantee 
Multi-option credit facility 

Facilities utilised at balance date
Forward exchange contracts facility 
Trade finance facility 
Corporate credit card facility 
Bank guarantee 
Multi-option credit facility 

Facilities not utilised at balance date
Forward exchange contracts facility 
Trade finance facility 
Corporate credit card facility 
Bank guarantee 
Multi-option credit facility 

21 

 200  
 2,500  
 200  
 465  
 -  

 3,365  

 -  
 648  
 34  
 465  
 -  

 1,147  

 200  
 1,852  
 166  
 -  
 -  

 2,218  

 350 
 2,500 
 200 
 - 
 750 

 3,800 

 - 
 2,056 
 29 
 - 
 - 

 2,085 

 350 
 444 
 171 
 - 
 750 

 1,715 

A first ranking mortgage debenture with fixed and floating charges over the whole of the assets has been granted to the Company’s 
banker for the establishment of the credit facilities and forward exchange contracts totalling $3,365,000 (2010: $3,800,000). 

The Company has also provided the Company’s banker with security over a short term deposit of $3,365,000 (2010: $nil) held 
by the Company’s banker as cash collateral for the financing facilities. 

The bank guarantee has been provided for the benefit of the landlord of the Balcatta premises. 

Annual Report 2011   63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

23. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(a)  Current 

(b)  Non-Current 

(c)  Aggregate Liability for employee entitlements 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 2,354  

 2,420 

 132  

 455 

 2,486  

 2,875 

The present value of employee entitlements not expected to be settled within twelve months of balance date have been calculated 
using the following weighted averages:

Assumed rate of increase in wage and salary rates 
Discount rate at 30 June 
Settlement term (years) 

Number of employees at year end 

24. 

DEFERRED REVENUE 

(a) 

Current

4.0% 
5.1% 
10 

118 

3.5%
5.2%
10

102

Deferred revenue for operation of heavy duty engine testing facility 

 316  

 316 

(b) 

Movement in deferred revenue 

At 1 July 
Transferred from government grants (see note 27) 
Released to the income statement 

At 30 June 

 316  
 -  
 -  

 316  

 - 
 512 
 (196)

 316 

In  June  2008  the  Group  received  funding  of  $2,760,000  from  the  Commonwealth  of  Australia  through  the  Alternative  Fuels 
Conversion Program administered by the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts towards the construction 
of a heavy duty engine test facility.  The terms of the Grant included providing the Commonwealth with preferential access to the 
facility at a discount to the commercial rate.  This discount to commercial rates of $512,000 has been transferred from government 
grants (see note 27) and recorded as deferred revenue.

The deferred revenue will be recognised as income over the periods in which the Commonwealth utilises the Heavy Duty Engine 
Testing Facility at discounted rates.

64   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

25. 

OTHER PROVISIONS 

(a) 

Current

Warranties 
Surplus lease space 
Other 

(b) 

Non-Current

Surplus lease space 

(c) 

Reconciliations

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts for each class of provisions are set out below:

Warranties - current 

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Arising during the year 
Utilised 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Surplus lease space - current

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Utilised 
Reclassified (to) from non current 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Other provisions - current

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Arising during the year 
Utilised 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Surplus lease space - non-current 

Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Arising during the year 
Reclassified (to) from non current 

Carrying amount at end of year 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 88  
 37  
 70  

 195  

 304  

 304  

 119  
 91  
 (122) 

 88  

 -  
 (13) 
 50  

 37  

 54  
 70  
 (54) 

 70  

 -  
 354  
 (50) 

 304  

 119 
 - 
 54 

 173 

 - 

 - 

 92 
 67 
 (40)

 119 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 54 
 - 

 54 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

Surplus lease space provision relates to certain unutilised office space.  The provision takes account of estimated rental income 
Orbital is able to recover by sub-letting the space.

Annual Report 2011   65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

26. 

LONG TERM BORROWINGS

Non-Current

Loans and advances - secured (a) 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 7,777  

 7,604 

(a)  The Government of Western Australia had previously provided the company with a fully utilised loan facility of $19,000,000 
under the terms of a “Development Agreement”.  During the 2010 year Orbital reached agreement with the WA Government 
through the Department of Commerce for the Restructure of the Non-Interest Bearing Loan.

Under  the  agreed  restructure  the  original  loan  has  been  terminated  and  replaced  by  a  new  loan  of  $14,346,000  with  the 
following terms and conditions.

•	 Term	–	2010	to	2025.

•	 Repayments	-	Commencing	May	2010	at	$200,000	per	annum.

•	 Repayments	-	Increasing	annually	to	a	maximum	of	$2,100,000	per	annum	in	2023.

•	

Interest	free.

The  restructured  loan’s  net  fair  value  at  27  January  2010  utilising  a  market  interest  rate  of  6.52%  was  $7,558,000  which 
compares to the carrying value of the old loan of $15,253,000 at that date.  In accordance with the Accounting Standards, the 
benefit of the interest free government loan amounting to $7,695,000 was accounted for as a government grant.

This loan facility is secured by way of a second ranking floating debenture over the whole of the assets and undertakings of the 
Company.

The non-interest bearing loan from the Government of Western Australia was initially recognised at fair value and subsequently 
stated at amortised cost with any difference between cost and repayment value being recognised in the income statement over 
the period of the borrowings on an effective interest basis.  During the 2011 year Orbital made an additional loan repayment to 
the Government of Western Australia of $200,000 which resulted in the recognition of an interest expense of $117,000 in the 
reporting period.

The fair value of the loan 2011: $7,423,513 (2010:$7,184,041) is calculated by discounting the expected future cash flows 
at the prevailing market interest rate at reporting date 2011: 7.23% (2010: 7.17%)

66   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
X

27. 

GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Current liabilities

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

Investment grant for construction of heavy duty engine testing facility 

 225  

 225 

Non-current liabilities 

Investment grant for construction of heavy duty engine testing facility 
Total government grants deferred 

 1,649  

 1,874  

 1,874 

 2,099 

(a) 

Movement in government grants 

At 1 July 
Transferred to deferred revenue 
Released to the income statement 

At 30 June 

 2,099  
 -  
 (225) 

 1,874  

 2,760 
 (512)
 (149)

 2,099 

In  June  2008  the  Group  received  funding  of  $2,760,000  from  the  Commonwealth  of  Australia  through  the  Alternative  Fuels 
Conversion Program administered by the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts towards the construction 
of a heavy duty engine test facility.  The Group will fund the maintenance and operation of the facility until at least financial year 
2014/2015 and provide the Commonwealth with preferential access to the facility.

The terms of the Grant included providing the Commonwealth with preferential access to the facility at a discount to the commercial 
rate.  This discount to commercial rates of $512,000 has been transferred to deferred revenue (see note 24) and recorded as 
deferred revenue.

The government grant will be recognised as income over the periods and in the proportions in which depreciation on the heavy 
duty engine test facility is charged.

28. 

CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION

Non-current liabilities 

Contingent consideration for business acquisition 

 2,688  

 - 

On 27 May 2011, Orbital Autogas Systems Pty Ltd acquired 55% of the voting shares of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd, a new company 
incorporated to acquire the operating business of Sprint Gas, an Australian business specialising in the importation and wholesaling 
of LPG Fuel systems.

Concurrently with the entering into of the Business Acquisition Agreement, the Group entered into a Subscription and Shareholders 
Agreement  with  the  owners  of  the  45%  non-controlling  interest  in  Sprint  Gas  (Aust)  Pty  Ltd.  As  part  of  the  Subscription  and 
Shareholders  Agreement  Put  and  Call  options  were  issued  over  the  remaining  45%  non-controlling  interest.  The  Put  and  Call 
options, exercisable after 30 months, are in nature a forward contract and therefore a present ownership interest is granted.  The 
Group has accounted for the business combination as though it acquired a 100% interest and has recognised a financial liability 
to the non-controlling shareholders equal to the fair value of the underlying obligations under the Put and Call options (contingent 
consideration liability).

The  underlying  obligations  under  the  Put  and  Call  options  that  gives  rise  to  the  contingent  consideration  liability  were  initially 
recognised at fair value and subsequently at fair value through the profit and loss

The contingent consideration payable will be calculated with reference to the estimated value of the Sprint Gas business, based 
on an estimated average EBITDA multiple.  The undiscounted estimated contingent consideration payable is $3,474,000.  If the 
business was to perform 20% better or 20% worse than the current four year forecast the estimated fair value of the contingent 
consideration would increase by $531,000/decrease by $531,000 respectively. 

Annual Report 2011   67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

28. 

CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION (continued)

(a) 

Movement in contingent consideration

At 1 July 
Recognised during the year 
Released to the income statement 

At 30 June 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 -  
 2,688  
 -  

 2,688  

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

No gains or losses were recognised in the income statement during the current year due to a change in the fair value of the 
contingent consideration

29. 

SHARE CAPITAL

Ordinary shares 

Movement in ordinary shares on issue

At 1 July 2009 
Shares issued pursuant to employee share plans 

At 30 June 2010 
Shares issued pursuant to Share Consolidation 
Shares issued pursuant to employee share plans 

At 30 June 2011 

 19,345  

 19,261 

Number 

$’000

 47,888,505  
 308,889  

 48,197,394  
 1,494  
 283,670  

 48,482,558  

 19,055 
 206 

 19,261 
 - 
 84 

 19,345 

Holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote per share 
at shareholders’ meetings.

In the event of winding up of the Company, ordinary shareholders rank after creditors and are fully entitled to any proceeds of 
liquidation.

(a) 

Capital management 

When managing capital, management’s objective is to ensure the entity continues as a going concern as well as to maintain 
optimal returns to shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. Management also aims to maintain a capital structure that 
ensures the lowest cost of capital, provides a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and 
to sustain future development of the business.

Management defines capital as contributed shareholder equity and has no current plans to change the share capital.

(b)  

Share Consolidation

On 28 October, 2010 the shareholders in Annual General Meeting approved the consolidation of ordinary shares on the basis 
that every ten ordinary shares be consolidated into one ordinary share, and where this consolidation results in a fraction of a share 
being held by a shareholder, the directors of the Company be authorised to round that fraction up to the nearest whole share.  The 
share consolidation became effective on 28 October, 2010.

The effect of the share consolidation has been retroactively applied to the number of shares outstanding and Earnings per share 
calculations above.  

68   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

30. 

RETAINED PROFITS AND RESERVES

(a) 

Movements in retained earnings were as follows:

Balance 1 July 
Net profit 

Balance 30 June 

(b) 

Other reserves

Consolidated 

Balance 1 July 2009 

Equity-settled transaction-employee shares 

Transfer to share capital 

Other comprehensive income 

Balance at 30 June 2010 

Balance 1 July 2010 

Equity-settled transaction-employee shares 

Other comprehensive income 

Balance at 30 June 2011 

(c) 

Nature and purpose of reserves 

Employee equity benefits reserve

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 1,292  
 1,763  

 (3,224)
 4,516 

 3,055  

 1,292 

Employee 

Foreign

Equity  

Benefits 

Reserve 

$’000 

Currency 

Translation 

Reserve 

$’000 

Total

$’000

884  

 250  

 (117) 

 399  

 1,283 

 -  

 -  

 250 

 (117)

 -  

 (1,169) 

 (1,169)

 1,017  

 (770) 

 247 

 1,017  

 250  

 -  

 1,267  

 (770) 

 -  

 (3,415) 

 (4,185) 

 247 

 250 

 (3,415)

 (2,918)

The employee equity benefits reserve is used to record the value of share based payments provided to employees, including KMP’s, 
as part of their remuneration.  Refer to note 36 for further details of these plans.

Foreign currency translation reserve

The foreign currency translation reserve is used to record exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements 
of foreign subsidiaries.

Annual Report 2011   69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

31. 

CONSOLIDATED ENTITY

Ultimate Parent Entity

 - Orbital Corporation Limited

Controlled Entities, incorporated and carrying  
on business in:

Australia 

 - Orbital Australia Pty Ltd 

 - Orbital Australia Manufacturing Pty Ltd 

 - OEC Pty Ltd 

 - S T Management Pty Ltd 

 - OFT Australia Pty Ltd 

 - Investment Development Funding Pty Ltd 

 - Power Investment Funding Pty Ltd 

 - Orbital Environmental Pty Ltd 

 - Orbital Share Plan Pty Ltd 

 - Orbital Autogas Systems Pty Ltd 

 - Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd 

United States of America 

 - Orbital Holdings (USA) Inc. 

 - Orbital Fluid Technologies Inc. 

 - Orbital Engine Company (USA) Inc. 

United Kingdom 

 - Orbital Engine Company (UK) Ltd 

Note 

Class of 

Shares 

Consolidated

Entity Interest

2011 

% 

2010

 % 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

Ord 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

-

100

100

100

100

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a)  Dormant for the years ended 30 June 2011 and 30 June 2010.

(b)  Orbital Share Plan Pty Ltd was established on 22 September 2008 and acts as the trustee of the Orbital Executive Long 

Term Share Plans.

(c)  Refer to note 38 for further discussion.

70   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32. 

INFORMATION RELATING TO ORBITAL CORPORATION LIMITED

Current assets 
Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Issued capital 
Retained profits/(accumulated losses) 
Employee equity benefits reserve 

Total shareholders’ equity 

Profit/(loss) of the parent entity 
Total comprehensive income of the parent entity 

Guarantee

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 4  
 38,645  

 22 
 41,494 

 -  
 19,163  

 - 
 20,694 

 19,345  
 (1,130) 
 1,267  

 19,482  

 19,261 
 522 
 1,017 

 20,800 

 (1,652) 
 (1,652) 

 4,270 
 4,270 

Orbital  Corporation  Limited  has  provided  a  guarantee  to  Westpac  Banking  Corporation  for  all  liabilities  and  obligations 
of  Orbital  Australia  Pty  Ltd.    See  note  22  for  details  of  Orbital  Australia  Pty  Ltd’s  outstanding  liabilities  to  Westpac  Banking 
Corporation. 

33. 

RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

(a) 

Identity of related parties

The Group has a relationship with its subsidiaries (see note 31), with its investment accounted for using the equity method (see note 
16), and with its key management personnel (refer to disclosures for key management personnel, see note 34).

(b) 

Controlled Entities

Details of interest in controlled entities are set out in Note 31.  

(c)  

Other Related Parties

Details of dealings with other related parties, being joint venture entity Synerject LLC, are set out below:

(i) 

Receivables and Payables

The aggregate amounts receivable from/payable to Synerject LLC by the Group at balance date are:

Receivables

Current 

Payables 

Current 

(ii) 

Transactions

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

 -  

 3 

 7  

 110 

During the year the Group provided engineering services to Synerject LLC of $nil (2010: $nil) and purchased goods and services 
to the value of $140,000 (2010: $190,000) from Synerject LLC.  All transactions are in the ordinary course of business and on 
normal commercial terms and conditions.

Annual Report 2011   71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

34  

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL

The following were key management personnel of the Group at any time during the reporting period and unless otherwise 
indicated were key management personnel for the entire period:

Non-executive directors

Mr WP Day (Chairman) 

Mr JG Young – retired 28 February 2011

Dr MT Jones 

Dr V Braach-Maksvytis

Executive directors

Mr TD Stinson (Managing Director & Chief Executive Officer) 

Executives

Mr KA Halliwell (Chief Financial Officer)

Mr BA Fitzgerald (Director, Orbital Autogas Systems) (ceased to be KMP on 1 July 2011)

Dr GP Cathcart (Director, Consulting Services and Engineering)

Key management personnel compensation

The key management personnel compensation included in ‘employee benefits expense’ (see note 9) are as follows:

Short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits 
Equity compensation benefits 
Termination benefits 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$ 

2010
$

 876,810  
 131,555  
 223,405  
 288,241  

 1,587,275 
 132,605 
 225,737 
 - 

 1,520,011  

 1,945,617 

Individual directors and executives compensation disclosures

No director has entered into a material contract with the Group since the end of the previous financial year and there were no 
material contracts involving directors’ interests at year-end.

Loans to key management personnel and their related parties.

The Group has not made any loans to key management personnel or their related parties since the end of the previous financial 
year and there were no loans to any key management person or their related parties at year-end.

72   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34  

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL (continued)

Movements in shares

The movement during the reporting period in the number of ordinary shares in Orbital Corporation Limited held, directly, indirectly 
or beneficially, by each key management person, including their related parties, is as follows:

Non-executive directors 

Mr WP Day 

Mr JG Young 

Dr V Braach-Maksvytis 

Dr MT Jones 

Executive directors 

Mr TD Stinson (d) 

Executives 

Mr KA Halliwell 

Mr BA Fitzgerald 

Dr GP Cathcart 

Non-executive directors 

Mr WP Day 

Mr JG Young 

Dr V Braach-Maksvytis 

Dr MT Jones 

Executive directors 

Mr TD Stinson 

Executives 

Mr KA Halliwell 

Mr BA Fitzgerald 

Dr GP Cathcart 

Held at 

Granted as compensation 

Held at

1-Jul-10 

Purchases 

ESP #1 

ELTSP 

Sales 

Other(a)(b)  30-Jun-11

 10,000  

 74,854  

 -  

 18,000  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 10,000 

(74,854) 

 -  

 -  

 -  

 - 

 18,000 

 230,088  

 145,602  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 - 

 375,690 

 136,734  

37,500  

 3,369  

 103,242  

 48,091  

 -  

 -  

 3,369  

 3,369  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

2  

 177,605 

2  

 106,613 

2  

 51,462 

Held at 

Granted as compensation 

Held at

1-Jul-09 

Purchases 

ESP #1 

ELTSP 

Sales 

Other(c) 

30-Jun-10

 10,000  

 74,854  

 -  

 18,000  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 10,000 

 74,854 

 - 

 18,000 

 120,100  

 110,000  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 (12) 

 230,088 

  94,189  

  67,517  

  30,346  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 1,625  

 40,920  

 1,625  

 34,100  

 1,625  

 16,120  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 136,734  

 -  

 103,242  

 -  

 48,091  

(a)   Represents shareholdings at time that Mr J G Young ceased to be a Director.

(b)  Represents the rounding of shareholdings as a result of the share consolidation.

(c)  As a result of a change to the ratio of ADRs to ordinary shares the equivalent ordinary shares of Mr Stinson were rounded 

down to the nearest multiple of 160.

(d)   Mr Stinson’s shareholding of 375,690 is represented by 6,618 ADRs and 269,802 ordinary shares.

Annual Report 2011   73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

34  

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL (continued)

Movements in ELTSP rights

The movement during the reporting period in the number of ELTSP rights to ordinary shares in Orbital Corporation Limited held, 
directly, indirectly or beneficially, by each key management person, including their related parties, is as follows:

Executive directors

Mr TD Stinson 

Executives

Mr KA Halliwell 

Mr BA Fitzgerald 

Dr GP Cathcart 

Executive directors

Mr TD Stinson 

Executives

Mr KA Halliwell 

Mr BA Fitzgerald 

Dr GP Cathcart 

Held at 

1-Jul-10 

Offered 

Forfeited 

Vested 

Expired 

30-Jun-11

Held at

  655,000  

 665,000  

 363,500  

 337,567  

 -  

 -  

 333,000  

 311,600  

 (627,600) 

 256,500  

 252,700  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 1,320,000  

 (27,000) 

 674,067 

 (17,000) 

 - 

 (17,000) 

 492,200  

Held at 

1-Jul-09 

Offered 

Forfeited 

Vested 

Expired 

30-Jun-10

Held at

  130,000  

 525,000  

 163,000  

 266,500  

 142,000  

 246,000  

 83,000  

 199,500  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 655,000  

 (40,920) 

 (25,080) 

 363,500 

 (34,100) 

 (20,900) 

 333,000 

 (16,120) 

 (9,880) 

 256,500  

Movements in performance rights

The movement during the reporting period in the number of performance rights to ordinary shares in Orbital Corporation Limited 
held, directly, indirectly or beneficially, by each key management person, including their related parties, is as follows:

Executive directors 

Mr TD Stinson 

Executive directors 

Mr TD Stinson 

Held at 

1-Jul-10 

Offered 

Forfeited 

Vested 

Expired 

30-Jun-11

Held at

 1,150,000  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 1,150,000 

Held at 

1-Jul-09 

Offered 

Forfeited 

Vested 

Expired 

30-Jun-10

Held at

 1,150,000 

 -  

  -  

 -  

 -  

 1,150,000

74   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35.  

NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Reconciliation of cash flows from operating activities

Profit after income tax 
Adjustments for:
(Profit) on sale of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation 
Amortisation 
Amortisation of deferred revenue and government grants 
Impairment, write-off/(write-back) of trade receivables 
Impairment of capitalised development costs 
Inventory write-down 
Amortisation of non-interest bearing loans 
Gain on restructure of non-interest bearing loans 
Amounts set aside to warranty and other provisions 
Share of net profit of equity accounted investment 
Employee compensation expense 
Net foreign exchange (gains)/losses 
Net cash used in operating activities before  

changes in assets and liabilities 

Changes in assets and liabilities during the year:
(Increase)/decrease in receivables 
(Increase)/decrease in inventories 
(Increase)/decrease in deferred tax assets 
(Decrease)/increase in payables 
(Decrease)/increase in employee provisions 

Net cash used in operating activities 

36. 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENT PLANS

(a) 

Recognised share-based payment expenses 

NOTE 

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

8 
18 
19 

19 

16 
36(a) 

 1,763  

 4,516 

 (4,760) 
 930  
 253  
 (225) 
 38  
 1,065  
942 
 613  
 -  
 318  
 (3,233) 
 334  
 (79) 

 (41)
 877 
 136 
 (345)
 (114)
 - 
-
 626 
 (7,695)
 (133)
 (1,874)
 339 
 97 

 (2,041) 

 (3,611)

 (621) 
 360 
 (532) 
 1,629  
 (587) 

 249 

 28 
 (638)
 (417)
 (951)
 540 

 (1,438)

 (1,792) 

 (5,049)

The expense recognised for employee services received during the year is shown in the table below:

Expense arising from equity-settled share-based payment transactions 

 334  

 339 

The share-based payment plans are described below.  Entitlements to shares are based 50% of Total Shareholder Return and 
50% on Earnings Per Share.  

(b) 

Employee share Plan No. 1

Under Employee Share Plan No. 1 each eligible employee is offered fully paid ordinary shares to the value of $1,000 per annum.

During the year there were 283,670 (2010: 144,589) shares issued under Plan 1 to eligible employees at a market value on the 
day of issue of $84,193 (2010: $89,000).

Annual Report 2011   75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

36. 

SHARE BASED PAYMENT PLANS (continued)

(c) 

Executive Long Term Share Plan (“ELTSP”)

Executives may also be offered shares in the Company’s Executive Long Term Share Plan under which offered shares will be 
granted  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  performance  conditions  over  a  3  year  period  or  subject  to  Board  discretion  for  other 
qualifying reasons. 

The number of shares that the executive actually receives depends on two performance hurdles, as set out below:

(i)  50% of the shares offered will be issued depending on the performance of the Company relative to a group of selected peers 
(being the 50 smallest companies by market capitalisation (other than resource companies and property and investment trust 
companies) within the S&P / ASX 300 Index). The peer group is ranked in terms of Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”).  TSR is 
the percentage increase in a company’s share price plus reinvested dividends over a three year period commencing on 1 
September 2010 and ending on 31 August 2013 (“Performance Period”).

The following table sets out the relevant percentages of an executive’s Personal Allotment which will be issued at the conclusion 
of the Performance Period based on the TSR ranking of the Company relative to the peer group:

Company Performance (TSR Ranking) 

% of Personal Allotment issued to each executive

Up to the 50th percentile 

0%

At or above the 50th percentile but below the 75th percentile 

50% to 99% (on a straight-line basis).

At or above the 75th percentile but below the 90th percentile 

At or above the 90th percentile 

100%

125%

  No shares will be granted unless the Company’s TSR is at or above the 50th percentile.  In 2011 nil (2010: 164,300) rights 

were issued in accordance with the terms of the plan. 

(ii)  50% of the shares offered will be issued if the Company achieves earnings in excess of 11 cents per share for the year ending 

30 June 2013.

At the Company’s Annual General Meeting in October 2010, shareholders approved the above plan in relation to the ongoing 
remuneration of Executive Directors and senior executives. 

During the year, a total of 1,730,900 rights under the plan were offered to 6 executives (2010: 1,436,000 rights offered to 7 
executives).

Summary of rights granted under the ELTSP

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Forfeited during the year 
Vested during the year and shares issued 
Expired during the year 

Outstanding at the end of the year 

2011 
No 

2010
No

 1,855,000  
 1,730,900  
 (642,600) 
 -  
 (93,500) 

 780,000
 1,436,000
 (96,000)
 (164,300)
 (100,700)

 2,849,800  

 1,855,000

The outstanding balance as at 30 June 2011 is represented by:

•		310,000	rights	with	a	fair	value	at	grant	date	of	$0.580	that	will	potentially	vest	in	August	2011;

•		1,120,500	rights	with	a	fair	value	at	grant	date	of	$0.465	that	will	potentially	vest	in	August	2012;

•		1,419,300	rights	with	a	fair	value	at	grant	date	of	$0.335	that	will	potentially	vest	in	August	2013.

76   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36. 

SHARE BASED PAYMENT PLANS (continued)

Fair value of rights on grant date

TSR related rights

The  following  factors  and  assumptions  were  used  in  determining  the  fair  value  of  TSR  related  rights  issued  under  the  ELTSP  
on grant date:

Life 

3 years 

3 years 

3 years 

Fair Value 
per share 

58 cents 

38 cents 

33 cents 

Exercise Price 

Price of shares 
on grant date 

nil 

nil 

nil 

79 cents 

55 cents 

34 cents 

Expected 
volatility 

62.70% 

65.00% 

60.00% 

Risk free
interest rate 

5.68%

5.03%

4.27%

Grant Date 

31-Aug-08 

31-Aug-09 

31-Aug-10 

EPS related rights

The following factors and assumptions were used in determining the fair value of EPS related rights issued under the ELTSP  
on grant date:

Grant Date 

31-Aug-09 

31-Aug-10 

Life 

3 years 

3 years 

Fair Value 
per share 

55 cents 

34 cents 

Exercise Price 

nil 

nil 

Price of shares
on grant date 

55 cents

34 cents

The fair value of the EPS related rights is equal to the market price of shares on the grant date.

(d) 

Performance Rights Plan 

The Company also introduced a Performance Rights Plan as part of its long-term incentive arrangements for senior executives, 
which was approved by shareholders in October 2009.  

Under the Performance Rights Plan, performance rights will only be issued if the terms and conditions detailed below are satisfied.

A performance right is a right to acquire one fully paid ordinary share in the Company.  Until they are exercised, performance 
rights:

(i)  do not give the holder a legal or beneficial interest in shares of the Company; and

(ii)  do not enable participating executives to receive dividends, rights on winding up, voting rights or other shareholder benefits.

Performance rights issued under the Performance Rights Plan will be exercisable if:

(i)  a performance hurdle is met over the periods specified by the Board; or

(ii)  the Board allows early exercise on cessation of employment (see “Cessation of employment” below); or

(iii)  it is determined by the Board in light of specific circumstances.

The Terms and conditions of the offer of Performance Rights made during the year ended 30 June 2009 are as follows:

(i)  Mr T D Stinson will be awarded 1,150,000 performance rights;

(ii)  the grant of performance rights will be in seven tranches, each tranche with a different specified share price target as set  

out below:

Tranche 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Number of 
performance 
rights 

Share price 
target 
$ 

Fair Value at 
 grant date 
$

200,000 

200,000 

200,000 

200,000 

125,000 

125,000 

100,000 

  $2.50 

  $5.00 

  $7.50 

$10.00 

$20.00 

$30.00 

$50.00 

94,000

70,000

56,000

46,000

16,250

11,250

  5,000

Annual Report 2011   77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

36. 

SHARE BASED PAYMENT PLANS (continued)

(d) 

Performance Rights Plan (continued)

(iii)  the acquisition price and exercise price of the performance rights will be nil.

(iv)  Mr T D Stinson will only be permitted to exercise a performance right if:

•	

•	

the	 Company	 attains	 the	 specified	 share	 price	 target	 (see	 table	 above)	 within	 eight	 years	 from	 the	 date	 of	 grant	 of	 the	
performance right; and

the	specified	share	price	target	is	also	achieved	at	the	end	of	two	years	from	the	date	the	target	is	first	achieved	(“Vesting	
Date”) based on the Company’s average closing share price over a 90 day period up to and including the Vesting Date;

(v)  If the specified share price target is either not achieved within eight years from the date of grant, or if so achieved, not also 

achieved at the end of the Vesting Date, the performance right will lapse.

No performance rights were granted during the years ended 30 June 2011 or 30 June 2010.

37. 

DEFINED CONTRIBUTION SUPERANNUATION FUND

The Group contributes to a defined contribution plan for the provision of benefits to Australian employees on retirement, death or 
disability. Employee and employer contributions are based on various percentages of gross salaries and wages.  Apart from the 
contributions required under superannuation legislation, there is no legally enforceable obligation on the Company or its controlled 
entities to contribute to the superannuation plan.

38. 

BUSINESS COMBINATION

Initial acquisition of Sprint Gas Business

On  27  May  2011,  Orbital  Autogas  Systems  Pty  Ltd  acquired  55%  of  the  voting  shares  of  Sprint  Gas  (Aust)  Pty  Ltd,  a  new 
company  incorporated  to  acquire  the  operating  business  of  Sprint  Gas,  an  Australian  business  specialising  in  the  importation 
and wholesaling of LPG Fuel systems.   The consideration transferred was $2,000,000 cash as payment in full for 2,200,000 
ordinary shares in the new company, Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd.

Concurrently with the entering into of the Business Acquisition Agreement, the Group entered into a Subscription and Shareholders 
Agreement  with  the  owners  of  the  45%  non-controlling  interest  in  Sprint  Gas  (Aust)  Pty  Ltd.  As  part  of  the  Subscription  and 
Shareholders  Agreement  Put  and  Call  options  were  issued  over  the  remaining  45%  non-controlling  interest.  The  Put  and  Call 
options, exercisable after 30 months, are in nature a forward contract and in substance represent contingent consideration.  The 
Group has accounted for the business combination as though it acquired a 100% interest and has recognised a financial liability 
to the non-controlling shareholders equal to the fair value of the underlying obligations under the Put and Call options (Contingent 
consideration liability).  

The option that gives rise to the contingent consideration liability is classified as a financial liability at fair value through profit and 
loss.

The acquisition of Sprint Gas significantly broadens the Group’s wholesaling and distribution activities in the area of alternative 
fuels and positions the Group as a leader in the Australian LPG market.

The  relocation  provision  recognised  on  acquisition  was  a  present  obligation  of  Sprint  Gas  (Aust)  Pty  Ltd  prior  to  the  business 
combination  and  its  execution  was  not  conditional  upon  it  being  acquired  by  Orbital  Corporation  Limited.  The  key  factor 
contributing  to  the  $1,373,000  of  goodwill  is  the  profits  expected  to  be  generated  by  the  business  during  the  contingent 
consideration calculation period. None of the goodwill recognised is expected to be deductable for income tax purposes.

Included in the business acquired were receivables with a gross contractual and fair value of $1,208,000 resulting from trade 
sales with customers. Management expects these amounts to be collected in full and converted to cash consistent with customer 
terms, which call for payment within 30-45 days of the initial sale.

78   Orbital

38. 

BUSINESS COMBINATION (continued)

Initial acquisition of Sprint Gas Business (continued)

The  total  provisional  cost  of  the  combination  was  $4,688,000  and  comprised  the  payment  of  cash  and  the  recognition  of  a 
contingent consideration liability.  As the acquisition was made close to year end, the Company has left the acquisition accounting 
open pending further adjustment to the fair values of net assets acquired.  The initial accounting for the combination will be finalised 
within the next financial year.

The provisional fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd as of the date of acquisition were as 
follows:

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Plant and equipment 
Deferred tax asset 

Trade and other payables 
Employee benefits 
Relocation provision 

Provisional fair value of identifiable net assets 
Goodwill arising on acquisition 

The fair values have been determined provisionally and based upon the best information  
available as initial accounting was not complete at the reporting date.

Acquisition-date fair-value consideration transferred:
Cash paid 
Contingent consideration liability 

Consideration transferred 

Direct costs relating to the acquisition (included in administration expenses) 

The cash outflow on acquisition is as follows: 
Net cash acquired with the subsidiary 
Cash paid (including $200,000 loan to Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd) 

Net consolidated cash outflow 

Consolidated Fair value  

at acquisition date
$’000

 420 
 1,319 
 1,968 
 468 
 242 

 4,417 

 (835)
 (197)
 (70)

 (1,102)

 3,315 
 1,373 

 4,688 

Consolidated Fair value  

at acquisition date
$’000

 2,000 
 2,688 

 4,688 

 206 

 420 
 (2,200)

 (1,780)

The consolidated statement of comprehensive income includes sales revenue and net profit for the year ended 30 June 2011 of 
$1,112,153 and $204,049 respectively, as a result of the acquisition of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd. 

It is not possible to quantify the impact that the acquisition of Sprint Gas (Aust) Pty Ltd would have had on the consolidated statement 
of  comprehensive  income  had  it  occurred  at  the  beginning  of  the  reporting  period  as  separate  books  and  records  were  not 
maintained for this business unit.

Annual Report 2011   79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

39. 

COMMITMENTS

(a) 

Operating leases

The Group leases premises and plant & equipment under operating leases.  The lease for the engineering premises is for a period 
of 10 years with options to extend for two further periods of five years each.  Leases for warehousing premises typically run for a 
period of 5 years.  The plant & equipment leases typically run for a period of 5 years and the lease payments are fixed.  None 
of the leases include contingent rentals.

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$’000 

2010
$’000

Non-cancellable future operating lease rentals not provided for in the financial statements and payable:

- Not later than one year 
- Later than one year but not later than five years 
- later than five years 

 1,022  
 3,536  
 4,273  

 8,831  

 184 
 3 
 - 

 187 

During the financial year ended 30 June 2010, $489,612 was recognised as an expense in the income statement in respect of 
operating leases (2010:$171,081).

(b) 

Other

In  June  2008  the  Group  received  funding  of  $2,760,000  from  the  Commonwealth  of  Australia  through  the  Alternative  Fuels 
Conversion Program administered by the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts towards the construction 
of a heavy duty engine test facility.

The  Group  will  fund  the  maintenance  and  operation  of  the  facility  until  at  least  financial  year  2014/2015  and  provide  the 
Commonwealth with preferential access to the facility, as follows:

Operational commitment to the running of the heavy duty engine testing facility not provided for in the financial statements and 
payable:

- Not later than one year 
- Later than one year but not later than five years 

40. 

CONTINGENCIES

 391  
 682  

 1,073  

 391 
 1,073 

 1,464 

The details and estimated maximum amounts of contingent liabilities that may become payable are set out below.  The directors 
are not aware of any circumstance or information that would lead them to believe that these liabilities will crystallise.

In the event of the Company terminating the employment of the Chief Executive Officer (other than by reason of serious misconduct 
or material breach of his service agreement), an equivalent of 12 months remuneration is payable to the CEO.  In the event of the 
Company terminating the employment of a KMP (other than by reason of serious misconduct or material breach of their service 
agreement), an equivalent of 4 weeks pay, plus 2 weeks pay for each completed year of service, plus for each completed year of 
service beyond 10, an additional 1/2 weeks pay, plus a pro-rata payment for each completed month of service in the final year 
is payable to the KMP.  The maximum entitlement to termination pay is limited to 65 weeks pay.  There are no other contingent 
liabilities for termination benefits under the service agreements with Directors or other persons who take part in the management 
of any entity within the Group. 

80   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X

41. 

EVENTS AFTER THE BALANCE SHEET DATE

On 11 August 2011 the Company announced that its American Depositary Shares will begin trading on the NYSE Amex on 25 
August 2011.  

There has not arisen in the interval between the end of the financial year and the date of this report any item, transaction or event 
of a material and unusual nature that is likely, in the opinion of the Directors of the Company, to significantly affect the operations 
of the Group, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the Group in subsequent financial years.

42. 

REMUNERATION OF AUDITORS

Amounts received or due and receivable for audit services by:

Auditors of the Company

- Audit and review of financial reports 

Amounts received or due and receivable for taxation services by: 
Auditors of the Company 

Amounts received or due and receivable for other services by:
Auditors of the Company 

Total auditors’ remuneration 

The Auditors of the Group in 2011 and 2010 were Ernst & Young.

CONSOLIDATED

2011 
$ 

2010
$

 347,900  

 374,420 

 10,000  

 10,055 

 5,150  

 5,627 

 363,050  

 390,102 

Annual Report 2011   81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Declaration
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

In accordance with a resolution of the directors of Orbital Corporation Limited, we state that:

1. 

In the opinion of the Directors:

(a)  

the financial statements and notes and the additional disclosures included in the Directors’ Report designated as audited, 
of the Group are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including:

(i) 

(ii) 

giving a true and fair view of the financial position of the Group as at 30 June 2011 and of their performance, as 
represented by the results of their operations and their cash flows, for the year ended on that date; and 
complying with Accounting Standards in Australia and the Corporations Regulations 2001.

(b) 

the financial statements and notes also comply with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in note 2(a).

(c) 

there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due 
and payable.

2.  This declaration has been made after receiving the declarations required to be made to the Directors in accordance with 

Section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001, from the chief executive officer and chief financial officer for the financial year 
30 June 2011.

On behalf of the Board
: 

W P DAY 
Chairman 

T D STINSON
Managing Director

Dated at Perth, Western Australia this 23rd day of August 2011 

82   Orbital

 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2011

To the members of Orbital Corporation Limited 
Report on the Financial Report 

We have audited the accompanying financial report of Orbital Corporation Limited, which comprises the consolidated statement of financial 
position as at 30 June 2011, the consolidated income statement, the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated 
statement of changes in equity and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, notes comprising a summary of significant 
accounting policies and other explanatory information, and the directors’ declaration of the consolidated entity comprising the company and 
the entities it controlled at the year’s end or from time to time during the financial year. 

Directors’ Responsibility for the Financial Report 

The directors of the company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view in accordance with 
Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for such internal controls as the directors determine are necessary to 
enable the preparation of the financial report that is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In Note 2(a), the directors 
also state, in accordance with Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, that the financial statements comply with 
International Financial Reporting Standards.

Auditor’s Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial report based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian 
Auditing Standards. These standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements relating to audit engagements and plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial report is free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial report. The procedures 
selected depend on our judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial report, whether due to fraud 
or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal controls relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the 
financial report in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion 
on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal controls. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the 
reasonableness of accounting estimates made by the directors, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Independence 

In conducting our audit we have met the independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001. We have given to the directors of the 
company a written Auditor’s Independence Declaration. 

Opinion 

In our opinion: 

a. 

the financial report of Orbital Corporation Limited is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: 

i 

ii 

giving a true and fair view of the consolidated entity’s financial position at 30 June 2011 and of its performance for the year 
ended on that date; and 

complying with Australian Accounting Standards  and the Corporations Regulations 2001; and

b. 

the financial report also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in Note 2 (a). 

Report on the Remuneration Report 

We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 13 to 22 of the directors’ report for the year ended 30 June 2011. The directors 
of the company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration Report in accordance with section 300A of the 
Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance 
with Australian Auditing Standards. 

Opinion 

In our opinion the Remuneration Report of Orbital Corporation Limited for the year ended 30 June 2011, complies with section 300A of the 
Corporations Act 2001. 

Ernst & Young

G Lotter, Partner   Perth   23 August 2011

GL;HG;ORBITAL;063

Liability limited by a scheme approved
under Professional Standards Legislation

Annual Report 2011   83

 
Shareholding Details

Class of Shares and Voting Rights

As at 31 July 2011 there were 5,157 shareholders of the ordinary shares of the Company. The voting rights attaching to the 
ordinary shares, set out in Article 8 of the Company’s Constitution, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached 
to any class or classes of shares, are:-

a)   at  meetings  of  members  or  class  of  members,  each  member  entitled  to  vote  may  vote  in  person  or  by  proxy  or  

representative; and

b)   on a show of hands every person present who is a member has one vote, and on a poll every person present in person or by 

proxy or representative has one vote for each ordinary share held.

Substantial Shareholders and Holdings as at 31 July 2011

SG Hiscock & Company Ltd 
(as notified on 13 July 2011)

Distribution of Shareholdings as at 31 July 2011

1-1,000 
1,001-5,000 
5,001-10,000 
10,001-100,000 
100,001 and over 

Total Shares on Issue 

Number of shareholders holding less than a marketable parcel 

Top 20 Shareholders as at 31 July 2011

4,755,400 

9.80%

 3,078 
 1,240 
 411 
 376 
 52 

 5,157 

 48,482,558 

 3,313 

NAME 

 NUMBER OF SHARES HELD   % OF SHARES

National Nominees Limited* 
Equity Trustees Limited SGH PI Smaller Co’s 
Verido Holdings Pty Ltd 
Colbern Fiduciary Nominees Pty Limited 
Bond Street Custodians Limited 
Annapurna Pty Limited 
Morgan Stanley Australia Securities (Nominee) Pty Limited 
Equity Trustees Limited SGH Tiger A/C 
Mr Christopher Ian Wallin & Ms Fiona Kay Wallin 
Nefco Nominees Pty Limited 
Twokind Pty Ltd 
Ms Barbara Lynn Gallisath 
Mr Michael William Ford & Mrs Nina Bette Ford 
Interstate Investments Pty Ltd 
Dr Colin Rose 
Texas Holdings Pty Ltd 
Mr Terry Dewayne Stinson 
Mr Murray Gordon Scott 
Ms Kerry Moran 
Mr William Ewart Granter 

 11,710,775  
 3,196,510  
 1,510,000  
 1,165,497  
 907,850  
 900,000  
 796,770  
 792,901  
 689,200  
 597,500  
 575,000  
 441,930  
 365,122  
 331,515  
 313,407  
 312,728  
 269,802  
 257,673  
 240,000  
 230,067  

 25,604,247  

24.15%
6.59%
3.11%
2.40%
1.87%
1.86%
1.64%
1.64%
1.42%
1.23%
1.19%
0.91%
0.75%
0.68%
0.65%
0.65%
0.56%
0.53%
0.50%
0.47%

52.81%

The twenty largest shareholders hold 52.81% of the ordinary shares of the Company.

* Denotes The Bank of New York Mellon nominee company for United States American Depository Receipts. This nominee 
company is the main representative body for Orbital’s 9,000 (approx) US shareholders.

On-market buy-back

There is no current on-market buy-back.

84   Orbital

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REGISTERED AND PRINCIPAL OFFICE

SHARE REGISTRY

4 Whipple Street  
Balcatta, Western Australia 6021

CONTACT DETAILS

Australia: - 
Telephone: +61 (0)8 9441 2311 
Facsimile: +61 (0)8 9441 2111

INTERNET ADDRESS

http://www.orbitalcorp.com.au 
Email: info@orbitalcorp.com.au

DIRECTORS

Peter Day – Chairman 
Terry Stinson – Chief Executive Officer 
Mervyn Jones 
Vijoleta Braach-Maksvytis

COMPANY SECRETARY

Ian Veitch

Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd 
Level 2, Reserve Bank Building 
45 St Georges Terrace 
Perth, Western Australia, 6000 
Telephone: +61 (0)8 9323 2000 
Facsimile: +61 (0)8 9323 2033

ADR FACILITY

The Bank of New York Mellon 
101 Barclay Street 
New York, NY, 10286 
United States of America 
Telephone: +1 (212) 815 2218 
Facsimile: +1 (212) 571 3050

SHARE TRADING FACILITIES

Australian Stock Exchange Limited (Code “OEC”) 
NYSE Amex (Code: “OBT”)

AUDITORS

Ernst & Young 
The Ernst & Young Building 
11 Mounts Bay Road 
Perth, Western Australia, 6000

ORBITAL

Alternative Fuels

ORBITAL
ORBITAL

Consulting
Consulting

ORBITAL
ORBITAL

Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property

Alternative Fuels

Synerject

Orbital Consulting Services

Royalties & Licences