Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Chemicals - Specialty / Orion Engineered Carbons S.A. / FY2024 Annual Report

Orion Engineered Carbons S.A.
Annual Report 2024

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Employees 1658
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FY2024 Annual Report · Orion Engineered Carbons S.A.
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30 August 2024 
APPENDIX 4E 
Preliminary Final Report for the year ended 30 June 2024 
Reporting Period 
The reporting period is for the year ended 30 June 2024 with the corresponding reporting period being 
for the year ended 30 June 2023. 
Results for announcement to the market 
30 June 2024 
A$'000 
Revenue from continuing operations 
Down 
25% 
To 
12,664 
Profit for the year 
Down 
180% 
To 
67 
Profit after tax attributable to members 
Down 
180% 
To 
67 
30 June 2024 
30 June 2023
Net tangible assets per share (cents) 
3.26 
2.18 
Dividends 
There is no proposal to pay dividends for the year ended 30 June 2024. 
Audit 
This report is based on accounts which have been audited. 
Commentary on results for the period 
The commentary on the results for the period is contained within the Annual Report and ASX 
announcement accompanying the report. 
Annual Meeting 
The annual meeting is expected to be held as follows: 
Place: Orbital UAV 
4 Whipple Street 
Balcatta, Western Australia 
Date: 16 November 2024 

CONTACTS 
Announcement authorised by: 
For further information, contact: 
John Welborn 
Thomas Spencer 
Chairman 
CFO & Company Secretary 
Tel: +61 8 9441 2311 
Tel: +61 8 9441 2135 
Email: contact@orbitalcorp.com.au 
Email: tspencer@orbitalcorp.com.au 
About Orbital UAV 
Orbital UAV provides integrated propulsion systems and flight critical components for tactical unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). 
Our design thinking and patented technology enable us to meet the long endurance and high reliability requirements of the UAV 
market. We have offices in Australia and the United States to serve our prestigious client base. 
Forward-looking statements 
This release includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are 
based upon management's expectations and beliefs concerning future events. Forward-looking statements are necessarily 
subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside the control of the Company that could cause actual 
results to differ materially from such statements. Actual results and events may differ significantly from those projected in the 
forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors including, but not limited to, those detailed from time to time in the 
Company’s Annual Reports. The Company makes no undertaking to subsequently update or revise the forward-looking 
statements made in this release to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this release. 

2O24 ANNU AL REP OR T 

 CONTENTS 
Directors’ Report 
1 
Auditor’s Independence Declaration 
16 
Financial Statements 
17 
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income 
18 
Consolidated statement of financial position 
19 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
20 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
21 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
22 
Consolidated entity disclosure statement 
48 
Directors’ declaration 
49 
Independent auditor’s report 
50 
Shareholding details 
54 
Corporate information 
55 
CORPORATE PROFILE 
Orbital UAV provides integrated propulsion systems and flight critical 
components for tactical unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). 
Our design thinking and patented technology enable us to meet the long 
endurance and high reliability requirements of the UAV market. We have 
offices in Australia and the United States to serve our prestigious client base. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          1
The Directors present their report together with the financial report of Orbital Corporation Limited (the Company or Orbital) and of the Group, 
being the Company and its subsidiaries for the year ended 30 June 2024 and the auditor's report thereon. 
Reference 
Contents of Directors’ Report 
Page 
1. 
Operating and Financial Review 
2 
2. 
Directors 
5 
3. 
Company Secretary 
6 
4. 
Directors’ Meetings 
6 
5. 
Principal Activities 
6 
6. 
Dividends 
6 
7. 
Events Subsequent to Reporting Date 
6 
8. 
Proceedings on Behalf of the Company 
6 
9. 
Likely Developments and Expected Results 
6 
10. 
Environmental Regulation and Performance 
6 
11. 
Directors’ Interests 
6 
12. 
Share Options 
7 
13. 
Auditor Independence and Non-Audit Services 
7 
14. 
Indemnification 
7 
15. 
Corporate Governance Statement 
7 
16. 
Rounding Off 
7 
17. 
Remuneration Report 
8 
18. 
Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration 
16 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          2
1. 
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW
John Welborn 
Chairman 
Non-Executive Director 
Dear Shareholders, 
On behalf of the Board of Directors (‘the Board’), we are pleased to present the annual report of Orbital Corporation (‘Orbital’ or ‘the Company’) and 
its subsidiaries (‘the Group’) for the year ended 30 June 2024 (‘FY24’). 
Overview 
FY24 highlights 
•
Delivery of $15.7M revenue and other income
•
Net profit after tax of $0.1M 
•
Successful Equity raise of $4M with new cornerstone shareholders 
•
Achievement of milestones for WA government loan valuing $1.5M 
•
Improved Net Asset position from $6.9M to $10.8M 
•
Closing cash and equivalents position of $4.8M
Orbital achieved operational revenue of $12.6M in FY24, with $9.1M through the export of heavy fuel engine models to core clients in both the US 
and Singapore. This represents a decrease in the production volumes from prior reporting periods and reflects the transition of export supplies to 
core client Boeing Insitu, toward pre-production activities for other key customers  Engineering development revenues of $3.5M is associated with 
the development of larger capacity engine models under contract and support the new production lines that commenced in the current financial year 
and predominantly focusses on technical integration works for Orbital core systems into customer supplied airframes. 
Other income of $1.5M was achieved through the successful delivery of key milestones associated with the Company’s WA Government Loan 
agreement as well as $1.8M Research and Development grants received against the innovation outlays from the previous financial year. 
Customer performance 
During the year, the Company delivered against mandates for key clients across the globe including: 
•
engine shipment programs with Boeing Insitu for both the N20 and V3 models,
•
the maturity of the development program with DSO National Laboratories to production readiness for its Volace 60 program,
•
Production commencement for Textron Systems Aerosonde® unmanned aircraft system,
•
Finance International to supply units into a south-east Asian defence organisation.
These new or expanded relationships demonstrate Orbital’s superior heavy fuel engine capability for uncrewed aerial vehicles (‘UAVs’) and 
notably broadens customer relationships across the world. 
Equity Offer 
In September 2023 the Company announced a $4M equity offer to new and existing shareholders. The offer was successfully closed in two 
tranches, in September 2023 and November 2023, with the second tranche subject to and following approval at the Company’s November AGM. 
A total of 28,571,429 new shares were issued pursuant to the prospectus. Orbital’s largest shareholder, UIL Limited, participated in the offer. 
Funds raised from the offer continue to support new engine development programs and to provide general working capital. 
Financial results and financial position 
The Company reported financial results for the year ended 30 June 2024, with revenue from continuing operations of $12.6M (2023: 
$16.8M), other income of $3.1M (2023: 5.7M) and a net profit after tax of $0.1M (2023: $0.02M). 
The Company reported a balance sheet with cash and receivables of $6.1M (2023: $5.2M), net current assets of $3.4M (2023: $2.2M) and net 
assets of $10.8M (2023: $6.9M). 
Net cash outflow from operating activities during the period was $0.03M (2023: $3.5M) and net cash inflows from financing activities was $3.3M 
(2023: $3.9M). 
The Total Debt position reported for the year ended 30 June 2024 is $2.4M (2023: $3.8M) after continued milestone achievements on the WA 
government loan.  
The annual report for the year ended 30 June 2024 contains an independent auditor’s report which highlights the existence of a material 
uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. For further information, refer to Note 1.J to the 
financial statements, together with the auditor’s report. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          3
WA Government loan
In January 2023, the Company agreed a deed of variation with the WA Government, replacing previous repayment schedules and refining 
milestone deliverables better aligned to industry success. Repayment amounts continue to reduce the loan principal where Orbital demonstrates, 
to the satisfaction of the Minister, that the relevant milestones set out in the deed of variation have been met by Orbital on or before the repayment 
dates. For FY24, the operational milestones of $1.5M were achieved and the loan repayments were offset, reducing the outstanding loan value to 
$2.4M. The Company expects to have fully repaid the loan by the end of December 2024.  
Shareholder returns 
2024 
2023 
2022 
2021 
2020 
Closing share price ($)1 
0.08 
0.18 
0.23 
0.83 
0.75 
Market capitalisation ($m) 
11.68 
20.52 
20.93 
64.46 
58.20 
Basic EPS (cents) from operations 
0.05 
0.02 
(12.92) 
(14.74) 
2.40 
1 as at 30 June 
Material Business Risks 
The Group actively manages risk exposures through a comprehensive risk management framework overseen by the Audit and Risk Committee. 
Current exposures relevant to the information provided in this report include: 
Concentration Risk 
The Group's business relies on business relationships, including its relationships with its key suppliers and customers. For the Group's reporting 
period ended 30 June 2024, the Company’s long term agreement (LTA) with Boeing Insitu accounted for approximately 70% of the Company’s 
revenue. Insitu may terminate the LTA for convenience, default or force majeure and this may have a material adverse effect on the financial 
performance, financial position and/or reputation of the Company. It is anticipated that the concentration risk associated with the Insitu LTA will be 
reduced as the Group transitions Textron and DSO National Laboratory programs into production, thus reducing the weighting of Insitu related 
revenues. 
Market Risk 
The Group currently operates predominantly in the aerospace sector.  The level of activity in this sector will be influenced by external factors 
including supply and demand, competitiveness of manufacturing operations and technology, availability and cost of key resources including 
people, equipment and critical consumables (among other things).  Variations in such factors, which are beyond the control of the Group, may 
have an adverse effect on future operating results of the Company. 
The Group conducts regular market analysis and engages with market leading defence contractors to position its products and services in areas 
of key demand. Research and Innovation initiatives are designed to maintain the Group's competitiveness in the sector. 
Foreign Currency Risk 
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. 
The Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates to the Group’s operating activities, in which sales and purchases 
are denominated in foreign currencies. 
The Group manages its exposure to foreign currency risk by regularly monitoring and performing sensitivity analysis on the Group's financial 
position and performance because of movements in foreign exchange rates. The Group holds bank accounts in foreign denominated currencies 
which are converted to Australian dollars through rate orders for at prevailing rates and maintains hedging facilities for risk mitigation for longer 
term exposures.  
Interest Rate Risk 
Interest rate risk is the risk that the Group's financial position will fluctuate due to changes in the market interest rates. 
The Group's exposure to market interest rates relates primarily to the Group's cash and term deposits with financial institutions. The primary goal 
of the Group is to maximise returns on surplus cash, using deposits with maturities of 90 days or less. Management continually monitors the 
returns on funds invested. There is currently no credit interest rate risk exposures on the Group’s balance sheet.  
Credit Risk 
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. 
The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating and investing activities, including trade receivables and short-term deposits with financial 
institutions. Maximum exposure to credit risk equals to the carrying amount of these financial assets. The significant concentration of credit risk 
within the Group relate to receivable balances from the Group's major customer. 
It is the Group's policy that all customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures including an assessment of 
their independent credit rating, financial position, experience and industry reputation. Key individual customer receivable balances are monitored 
on an ongoing basis. The significant concentrations of credit risk within the Group relate to receivable balances from the Group's major customer 
and cash held with investment grade financial institutions. 
The investment of surplus cash in short-term deposits is only invested with a major financial institution to minimise the risk of default of 
counterparties.  

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          4
Capital Risk Management 
For the purposes of the Group's capital management, capital includes contributed shareholder equity. When managing capital, management's 
objective is to ensure the entity continues as a going concern as well as to maintain optimal returns to shareholders and benefits for other 
stakeholders. Management also aims to maintain a capital structure that ensures the lowest cost of capital, provides a strong capital base so as to 
maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business. In order to maintain or adjust the capital 
structure, the Group may issue new shares or debt from time to time.  
  Outlook 
Entering financial year 2025 (‘FY25’), the production teams will be delivering against existing orders for the three engine models. It is anticipated 
that orders will be expanded for the existing lines and business development activities continue to identify additional demand for Orbital propulsion 
systems for both new and existing clients. 
The Company continues to invest in new products to drive future revenue performance and meet client demands for larger power units with world 
leading power to weight ratios.  
It is expected that the continued success of milestone delivery against the WA government legacy loan will see a full repayment of all outstanding 
debt by December 2024. The Company’s balance sheet has been greatly strengthened by the debt repayments and recent equity raises and 
positions the company well to execute on the competitive advantage in heavy fuel propulsion for the defence industry. 
The Chairman would like to thank the ongoing commitment of the Company’s shareholders and staff. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          5
2. 
DIRECTORS
The Directors of the Company at any time during or since the end of the financial year are: 
Mr John Paul Welborn, BCom, FCA, FAIM, MAICD, MAusIMM, JP 
Chairman 
Joined the Board in June 2014 and appointed as Chairman in March 2015, Mr Welborn is a Chartered Accountant with a Bachelor of Commerce 
degree from the University of Western Australia and is a Fellow Chartered Accountant of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia and 
New Zealand and holds memberships of the Australian Institute of Company Directors (AICD) and the Australasian Institute of Mining and 
Metallurgy (AusIMM). 
Mr Welborn is a former international rugby union player with extensive experience in the resources sector as a senior executive and in corporate 
management, finance and investment banking. He has served on the Boards of charitable organisations and is a former Commissioner of 
Tourism Western Australia. 
Mr Welborn also serves as a Non-Executive Director of Equatorial Resources Limited (appointed August 2010), and as a Non-Executive 
Chairman of Athena Resources Ltd (appointed July 2024) and is Executive Chairman of Fenix Resources Limited (appointed November 2021). 
Mr Steve Gallagher, B.E (Hons), B.Com, MAICD 
Non-Executive Director 
Joined the Board in April 2017. Mr Gallagher is Principal of Agere Pty Ltd, an advisory and investment company drawing on his capability and 
professional networks established over 30 years as a CEO, director, and Executive GM of global businesses with companies including Vix 
Technology Ltd, Siemens AG, Landis & Gyr AG and CCRTT Ltd. 
Mr Gallagher has operated in various business sectors including industrial automation, building technology and power systems, having spent 15 
years living and working in Asia (China, Hong Kong and Singapore) and Europe (Switzerland). 
Mr Gallagher is currently a Non-Executive Director and Chair of ICM Mobility Ltd (an investment holding company for mobility services companies 
in transportation including Vix Technology Ltd, Littlepay Ltd, Kuba Payments Ltd, Snapper Services Ltd, Unwire Ltd, DTI Ltd (ASX listed 
passenger information and surveillance business). 
Mr Gallagher is also the chairman of the Company’s Audit and Risk Committee. 
Mr Kyle Abbott, B.Com (Hons 1st), CA 
Non-Executive Director 
Joined the Board in May 2018. Mr Abbott is an experienced aerospace and defence industry executive. Mr Abbott was Managing Director of 
Western Australian Specialty Alloys (WASA) from 1996 to 2015. During this period WASA grew from a Western Australian specialised alloy 
manufacturer to become a major supplier to the global aerospace industry, with key customers in the United States, the United Kingdom and 
Japan. In 2000, Mr Abbott managed the successful sale of WASA to United States-based Precision Castparts Corporation (PCC), an S&P 
500 company. PCC was subsequently acquired by Berkshire Hathaway in 2015. 
Mr Abbott is also a member of the Company’s Audit and Risk Committee. 
Dr Grant Lukey, B.E (Hons), Grad Dip (Law), PhD, MAICD 
Non-Executive Director 
Dr Lukey joined the Board in December 2023. Dr Lukey is the CEO and Managing Director of Coogee Chemicals Pty Ltd and has significant 
experience in Chemical Engineering. He holds a PhD in Minerals Processing and has completed the Advanced Management Program at Harvard 
University (AMP 188). Currently a board member on the Kwinana Industries Council, and from 2015-2018 Grant also held the position of director 
on the board of Chemistry Australia. 
Mr Todd Alder, BEc (Acc), CPA, ACIS 
Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer 
Mr Todd Alder stepped down from his position as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer with effect from 22 September 2023. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          6
3. 
COMPANY SECRETARY
Mr Thomas Spencer, B.Bus, CPA, MAICD 
Mr Thomas Spencer was appointed as Chief Financial Officer and Company Secretary in October 2022. Mr Spencer is a seasoned finance 
executive with multinational experience, leading strategy development, governance and commercial initiatives across a spectrum of industries. 
He is a qualified CPA and holds a Bachelor of Business degree and is a member of the Australian Institute of Company Directors. In his previous 
roles with Capital International, McRae Investments and GMP Securities, Mr Spencer was responsible for the success of investment portfolios, 
commercial operations, financial integrity, acquisitions, dispositions and growth mandates for both institutional and private equity backed assets. 
4. 
DIRECTORS’ MEETINGS
The number of Directors’ meetings and the number of meetings attended by each of the Directors of the Company during the financial year 
are shown below. 
Directors Meetings 
Audit and Risk Committee Meetings 
Director 
No. of meetings attended 
No. of meetings held1 
No. of meetings attended 
No. of meetings held 
J P Welborn 
7 
7 
- 
- 
T M Alder 
2 
2 
- 
- 
S Gallagher 
7 
7 
4 
4 
K Abbott 
6 
7 
4 
4 
G Lukey 
4 
4 
- 
- 
1 Number of meetings held during the time the Director held office during the year. 
5. 
PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
Orbital’s focus is on the revolutionary design, proven manufacturing processes and rigorous testing to deliver superiority in UAV propulsion 
systems and flight critical components. 
The Group drives its UAV-focused strategy from its operations in WA, Australia and Oregon, USA. Our intellectual property, know-how and 
industry experience, enable us to meet the long endurance and high reliability requirements of the rapidly evolving UAV market. 
Working with our international customers and supply chain, we continue to design, develop and manufacture world-leading propulsion system 
solutions and associated technologies to meet the changing demands and increasing mission parameters of tactical UAVs. 
6. 
DIVIDENDS
No dividend has been paid or proposed in respect of the current financial year. 
7. 
EVENTS SUBSEQUENT TO REPORTING DATE 
There were no reportable events subsequent to the reporting date of 30 June 2024.
8. 
PROCEEDINGS ON BEHALF OF THE COMPANY
No proceedings have been brought or intervened in on behalf of the Company with leave of the Court under section 237 of the Corporations 
Act 2001. 
9. 
LIKELY DEVELOPMENTS AND EXPECTED RESULTS
Information as to the likely developments in the operations of the Group is set out in the operating and financial review above. 
10. 
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND PERFORMANCE
The Directors do not believe that the Group has significant environmental obligations. The Group’s policy is to comply with any applicable 
environmental regulations that are in force during the reporting period. 
11. 
DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS
The relevant interest of each Director in the share capital of the Company shown in the Register of Directors’ Shareholdings as at 30 June 
2024 is as follows: 
Director 
Ordinary Shares
Options
Performance Rights 
J P Welborn 
2,216,785
500,000
- 
S Gallagher 
366,668
50,000
- 
K Abbott 
105,000
25,000
- 
G Lukey 
730,726
-
- 
Total 
3,419,179
575,000
-

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          7
12. 
SHARE OPTIONS
The Company issued 17,500,000 options as part of the capital raising activities completed in February 2023. Options were issued for nil cash 
consideration and were valued at $1,033,205 using the Black Scholes method of calculation at issue date of 7 February 2023. The options are 
exercisable at $0.35 on or before the date that is 3 years after the date of issue. 
13. 
AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE AND NON-AUDIT SERVICES
The Company may decide to employ the auditor on assignments additional to their statutory audit duties where the auditor’s expertise and 
experience with the Company and/or the Group are important. For the year ended June 2024, the Group engaged with Nexia Perth Audit 
Services Pty Ltd in non-audit services that included corporate tax advice. Refer to Note F.6 of the Financial Statements for summary of fees 
paid. The Board of Directors has considered the position and, in accordance with advice received from the Audit Committee, is satisfied that the 
provision of the non-audit services is compatible with the general standard of independence for auditors imposed by the Corporations Act 2001. 
The directors are of the opinion that the services as disclosed in note F.6 to the financial statements do not compromise the external auditor's 
independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 for the following reasons: 
•
all non-audit services have been reviewed and approved to ensure that they do not impact the integrity and objectivity of the auditor; and
•
none of the services undermine the general principles relating to auditor independence as set out in APES 110 Code of Ethics Professional
Accountants issued by the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board, including reviewing or auditing the auditor's own work,
acting in a management or decision-making capacity for the company, acting as advocate for the company or jointly sharing economic risks 
and rewards.
14. 
INDEMNIFICATION
Indemnification and insurance of officers 
To the extent permitted by law, the Company indemnifies every officer of the Company against any liability incurred by that person: 
(a)
in his or her capacity as an officer of the Company; and 
(b)
to a person other than the Company or a related body corporate of the Company 
unless the liability arises out of conduct on the part of the officer which involves a lack of good faith. 
During the year, the Company paid a premium in respect of an insurance contract covering all Directors, Officers and employees of the Company 
(and/or any subsidiary companies of which it holds greater than 50% of the voting shares) against liabilities that may arise from their positions 
within the Company and its controlled entities, except where the liabilities arise out of conduct involving a lack of good faith. The Directors have 
not included details of the nature of the liabilities covered or the amount of the premium paid in respect of the insurance contract as disclosure 
is prohibited under the terms of the contract. 
Indemnification of auditors 
To the extent permitted by law, the Company has agreed to indemnify its auditors, Nexia Perth Audit Services Pty Ltd, as part of the terms of its 
audit engagement agreement against claims by third parties arising from the audit (for an unspecified amount). No payment has been made to 
indemnify Nexia Perth Audit Services during or since the financial year. 
15. 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
The Board of Orbital Corporation Limited is responsible for corporate governance. The Board has prepared the Corporate Governance Statement 
in accordance with the fourth edition of the ASX Corporate Governance Council’s Principles and Recommendations, which is available on the 
Company’s website at www.orbitaluav.com under the About Us/Corporate Governance section. 
16. 
ROUNDING OFF 
The Company is of a kind referred to in ASIC Corporations (Rounding in Financial/Directors’ Reports) Instrument 2016/191, dated 24 March 
2016, and in accordance with that Instrument, amounts in the financial report and Directors’ Report have been rounded off to the nearest 
thousand dollars unless otherwise indicated. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          8
17. REMUNERATION REPORT - AUDITED
KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL AND SUMMARY OF ORBITAL’S FIVE-YEAR PERFORMANCE 
Key management personnel (“KMP”) 
This Remuneration Report outlines the remuneration in place and outcomes achieved for KMPs during the year ended 30 June 2024. 
KMPs are defined as those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the major activities of the Group, 
directly or indirectly, including any Director, whether executive or otherwise, of the parent company. 
The names and positions of the individuals who were KMP during 2024 are set out in Table 1. 
Table 1 – KMP 
Executive 
Non-Executive Directors 
Executive Director 
Todd M Alder1 (Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director) 
Senior Executives 
John P Welborn (Chairman) 
Steve Gallagher (Chairman of the Audit & Risk Committee) 
Kyle Abbott (Member of the Audit & Risk Committee) 
Grant Lukey 
  Thomas Spencer2 (Chief Financial Officer & Company Secretary) 
Andrew Mills3 (Interim Chief Executive Officer) 
1 Mr Alder resigned as CEO and Managing Director on 27 September 2023 
2  Mr. Spencer was appointed as CFO & Company Secretary on 31 October 2022 
3 Mr. Mills became a KMP on 27 September 2023 and ceased to be a KMP on 31 March 2024 
Table 2 – Five-year performance 
The table below outlines Orbital’s performance over the last five years against key metrics. 
2024 
2023 
2022 
2021 
2020 
Closing share price ($) 
0.08 
0.18 
0.23 
0.83 
0.75 
Market capitalisation ($m) 
11.68 
20.52 
20.93 
64.46 
58.20 
Basic EPS (cents) from operations 
0.05 
0.02 
(12.92) 
(14.74) 
2.40 
Short term incentives were paid in 2020. No short term incentives were paid since 2020. 
REMUNERATION OVERVIEW 
The Group’s remuneration strategy is designed to attract, motivate and retain employees in a globally competitive market. The Board structures 
remuneration so that it rewards those who perform, is valued by executives, and is strongly aligned to the Company’s strategic direction and the 
creation of returns to shareholders. 
Total Fixed Remuneration (“TFR”) is determined by the scope of the executive’s role and their level of knowledge, skills and experience. 
Executive members of the KMP may receive a short-term incentive (“STI”) approved by the Board as reward for exceptional performance in a 
specific matter of importance. No STI was awarded during the year ended 30 June 2024 (2023: nil). 
Long-term incentives (“LTI”) consisting of performance rights that vest based on attainment of pre-determined performance goals are awarded 
to selected executives. During the 2018 financial year, the Group introduced new performance milestones under the Performance Rights Plan 
as part of its long-term incentive arrangements for the Managing Director and CEO, which were approved by shareholders on 27 October 2017 
and 23 May 2018 (2018 LTI Plan). 
During the 2021 financial year, the first tranche of 475,675 performance rights vested in full under the 2018 LTI Plan and the remaining 342,213 
performance rights expired on 10 August 2020. No rights have vested under the 2020 LTI Plan during the year ended 30 June 2024. The 2020 
LTI Plan expired on 30 September 2023. 
The remuneration of Non-Executive Directors of the Company consists only of Directors’ fees. Director fees were not reviewed or adjusted during 
the 2024 financial year. 
Remuneration Report at 2023 AGM 
The 2023 Remuneration Report received positive shareholder support at the 2023 AGM with more than 98% of votes cast in favour. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          9
Remuneration strategy 
The Group’s remuneration strategy is designed to attract, motivate and retain employees and Non-Executive Directors by identifying and 
rewarding high performers and recognising the contribution of each employee to the continued growth and success of the Group. 
To this end, key objectives of the Company’s reward framework are to ensure that remuneration practices: 
•
Are aligned to the Group’s business strategy; 
•
Offer competitive remuneration, benchmarked against the external market; 
•
Provide strong linkage between individual and Group performance and rewards; and 
•
Align the interests of executives with shareholders through measuring the Company’s market capitalisation or share price. 
Key changes to remuneration structure in 2024 
There were no changes to the remuneration structure of executives or Directors during the 2024 financial year. 
REMUNERATION GOVERNANCE 
Board of Directors 
The Board reviews and approves remuneration packages and policies applicable to Directors, the Company Secretary and the senior executives 
of the Group. 
Data is obtained from independent surveys to ensure that compensation throughout the Group is set at market rates having regard to experience 
and performance. In this regard, formal performance appraisals are conducted at least annually for all employees. Compensation packages may 
include a mix of fixed compensation, performance-based compensation and equity-based compensation. 
Remuneration approval process 
The Board approves the remuneration arrangements of the CEO and executives, and all awards made under LTI plans. The Board also sets the 
aggregate remuneration of Non-Executive Directors which is then subject to shareholder approval. 
The Board approves, having regard to the recommendations made by the CEO, the STI bonus plan and any discretionary bonus payments. 
Remuneration structure 
In accordance with best practice corporate governance, the structure of Non-Executive Directors and executive remuneration is separate and 
distinct. 
Services from remuneration consultants 
From 1 July 2011, all proposed remuneration consultancy contracts (within the meaning of section 206K of the Corporations Act 2001) are 
subject to prior approval by the Board or Human Resources. 
No consultants were engaged during the year ended 30 June 2024 (2023: nil). 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND EXECUTIVE KMP REMUNERATION 
Objective 
The Group aims to reward executives with a level and mix of remuneration commensurate with their position and responsibilities within the 
Group and aligned with market practice. The Group undertakes an annual remuneration review to determine the total remuneration positioning 
against the market. 
Structure 
Orbital Corporation’s remuneration structure for the CEO and executive KMP is comprised of one component that is fixed, being Total Fixed 
Remuneration (TFR), and two components that are variable, being short-term incentives (STI) and long-term incentives (LTI). 
The STI is an annual “at risk” component of remuneration for executives. It is payable based on performance against key performance indicators 
(KPIs) set at the beginning of the financial year. STIs are structured to remunerate executives for achieving annual Company targets and their 
own individual performance targets. The net amount of any STI after allowing for applicable taxation, is payable in cash. 
LTI targets are set as a percentage of fixed remuneration, converted to performance rights with vesting conditions subject to the Company’s 
share price performance. Vesting of performance rights is subject to share price targets with the overall value exposed to the upside or downside 
of the share price movement, therefore closely aligning with shareholder interests. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          10
The proportion of fixed remuneration and variable remuneration (potential short-term and long-term incentives) established for each executive 
is approved by the Board and for the year ended 30 June 2024 was as follows: 
Fixed Remuneration 
Variable Remuneration 
CEO 
Fixed Remuneration (50%) 
Target STI (20%) 
Target LTI (30%) 
Other executives 
Fixed Remuneration (69%) 
Target STI (14%) 
Target LTI (17%) 
The remuneration structure for the 2024 financial year is explained below: 
Summary of executive KMP remuneration for the 2024 financial year 
Total Fixed Remuneration (“TFR”) 
TFR consists of base compensation, which is calculated on a total cost basis and includes any fringe benefits tax charges related to employee 
benefits including motor vehicles, as well as employer contributions to superannuation funds. 
Executive contracts of employment do not include any guaranteed base pay increases. TFR is reviewed annually by the Board. The process 
consists of a review of Company, business division and individual performance, relevant comparative remuneration internally and externally and, 
where appropriate, external advice independent of management. 
The fixed component of executives’ remuneration is detailed in the Statutory Table on page 14. 
Variable Annual Reward - Short-term incentive (“STI”) 
Under the STI, all executives have the opportunity to earn an annual incentive award which is delivered in cash. The STI recognises and rewards 
annual performance. 
How is performance measured? 
The STI performance measures were chosen as they reflect the core drivers of short-term performance and provide a framework for delivering 
sustainable value to the Group, its shareholders and customers. Minimum Group performance targets need to be achieved before STI is eligible. 
Key performance indicators (“KPIs”) are measured covering financial and non-financial measures of performance. For each KPI, a target and 
stretch objective is set. A summary of the measures and weightings are set out below: 
Financial 
Non-financial  
Earnings 
Group KPIs 
CEO 
70% 
30% 
Other Executives 
0% 
100% 
Earnings is the measure against which management and the Board assess the short-term performance of the Group. If the earnings measure 
is met, performance against non-financial KPIs are used to determine the STI that the executive is entitled to, as follows: 
•
Individual performance rating in respect of the quality of work performed in all essential areas of responsibility; 
•
Individual cultural rating in respect of the extent to which demonstrated behaviour aligns with the Values of the Group. 
How much can executives earn? 
The maximum STI for the Chief Executive Officer is 40 per cent of fixed remuneration. The maximum STI for other executives is 20 
per cent of fixed remuneration. 
The minimum STI that may be awarded to the Chief Executive Officer and other executives is nil where the Company performance 
factor is zero. 
When is it paid? 
The STI award is determined after the end of the financial year following a review of performance over the year against the STI performance 
measures by the Executive Team comprising of the CEO, CFO, COO and CEng. The Board approves the final STI award based on this 
assessment of performance. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          11
Actual STI performance for the year ending 30 June 2024 
The following table outlines the proportion of the maximum STI earned in relation to the 2024 financial year. There were no STI amounts paid 
to KMPs for the year ended 30 June 2024. 
Maximum STI opportunity (Percentage of fixed 
remuneration) 
Percentage of maximum STI earned 
Todd M Alder 
40% 
0% 
Andrew Mills 
20% 
0% 
Thomas Spencer 
20% 
0% 
Long-term incentive (“LTI”) 
Under the LTI, the grant of performance rights and share acquisition performance rights were made to executives to align remuneration with the 
creation of shareholder value over the long-term. 
How is it paid? 
Executives are eligible to receive performance rights and share acquisition performance rights; that is, being the right to receive a given number 
of ordinary shares in the Group if a nominated performance milestone is achieved. 
2020 Performance Rights Plan – Long-term incentives 
The Company introduced a Performance Rights Plan (“2020 LTI Plan”) which was approved by shareholders on 24 November 2020. 
Performance rights were issued to the Managing Director and CEO (“CEO LTIs”) and other executives (“Executive LTIs”) and employees under 
the 2020 LTI Plan in two tranches, with each tranche subject to a separate performance milestone linked to the volume weighted average share 
price (“VWAP”) of the Company and tested over a three-year period as follows: 
Tranche Performance Condition 
Expiry Date 
Grant Date
(CEO LTIs) 
Grant Date 
(Exec LTIs) 
Fair 
Value/Right 
(CEO LTIs) 
Fair 
Value/Right 
(Exec LTIs) 
Vesting of 
Rights 
1 
The Company having a 90-day 
VWAP of at least $1.50 per share 
between 01 October 2020 and 30 
September 2023. 
30 September 
2023 
04 December 
2020 
28 October 
2020 
98 cents 
97 cents 
50 per cent 
2 
The Company having a 60-day 
VWAP of at least $2.50 per share 
between 01 October 2020 and 30 
September 2023. 
30 September 
2023 
04 December 
2020 
28 October 
2020 
73 cents 
76 cents 
50 per cent 
The allocation of performance rights to KMPs was as follows: 
Executive 
Title 
Performance rights issued
Tranche 1
Performance rights issued
Tranche 2
Total 
Mr T.Alder 
Managing Director and CEO 
234,000
140,400
374,400 
Total 
234,000 
140,400
374,400 
During year ended 30 June 2024, the performance rights issued to Mr Alder lapsed as he resigned on 22 September 2023. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          12
When is performance measured? 
Performance rights may vest at any time during the three-year period to 30 September 2023, subject to the abovementioned performance 
milestones. Performance rights lapse if the employment of the executive is terminated with cause, or by resignation, prior to vesting. 
Performance rights may vest prior to the satisfaction of the vesting conditions upon a change of control event, or if the Board allows early exercise 
on cessation of employment or in light of specific circumstances. 
No performance rights vested under the 2020 LTI Plan for the year ended 30 June 2024. 
How is performance measured? 
Awards are subject to the market capitalisation of the Group. The performance rights link the rewards payable to KMPs to the creation of 
shareholder value by increasing the share price of the Company. The Company’s share price at the date of calling the AGM to approve the CEO 
LTIs was $1.14 per share. The vesting of performance rights will only occur where the Company’s share price increases to $1.50 and 
$2.50 per share as set out in the abovementioned tables. 
Actual LTI performance for the year ending 30 June 2024 
During the financial year, no rights vested under the 2020 LTI Plan or for any other earlier plans issued in previous financial years. 
OTHER EQUITY PLANS 
Orbital has a history of providing employees with the opportunity to participate in ownership of shares in the Company using equity to support 
a competitive base remuneration position. 
Employee Share Plan 
Eligible employees are offered shares in the Company, at no cost to the employees, to the value of $1,000 per annum under the terms of the 
Company’s Employee Share Plan. There are no performance conditions, because the plan is designed to align the interests of participating 
employees with those of shareholders. No Directors or KMPs participated in the share plan in 2024 (2023: Nil). 
CONTRACTS FOR KMP 
All KMP have a contract for employment. The table below contains a summary of the key contractual provisions of the contracts of employment 
for the KMP. 
Fixed Remuneration 
Contract Duration 
Termination Notice 
Period (Company)1, 2 
Termination Notice 
Period (Executive) 
T Alder 
$390,000 
Unlimited 
3 months 
3 months 
A Mills3 
$204,000 
Unlimited 
6 months 
6 months 
T Spencer 
$280,000 
Unlimited 
3 months 
3 months 
1 Termination provisions – Orbital may choose to terminate the contract immediately by making a payment in lieu of notice equal to the fixed remuneration the 
executive would have received during the ‘Company Notice Period’. In the event of termination for serious misconduct or other nominated circumstances, 
executives are not entitled to this termination payment. Any payments made in the event of a termination of an executive contract will be consistent with the 
Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). 
2 On termination of employment, executives will be entitled to the payment of any fixed remuneration calculated up to the termination date and any leave 
entitlement accrued up to the termination date. Unvested LTI awards are forfeited upon termination for serious misconduct or employee initiated termination and 
at Board discretion if termination is initiated by the Company. 
3 Mr Mills’ inclusion in the KMP was for part period 22 September 2023 to 31 March 2024.  

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          13
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS REMUNERATION 
Objective 
The Board seeks to set aggregate remuneration at a level that provides the Company with the ability to attract and retain Directors of the highest 
calibre, whilst incurring a cost that is acceptable to shareholders. 
Structure 
The amount of aggregate remuneration sought to be approved by shareholders and the fee structure is reviewed against fees paid to Non- 
Executive Directors of comparable companies. The Board considers advice from external consultants when undertaking the review process. 
The Company’s constitution and the ASX listing rules specify that the Non-Executive Directors’ fee pool shall be determined from time to time 
by a general meeting. The latest determination was at the 2001 Annual General Meeting (AGM) held on 25 October 2001 when shareholders 
approved an aggregate fee pool of $400,000 per year. The Board will not seek any increase for the Non-Executive Director pool at the 2024 
AGM. 
Fees 
Non-Executive Directors do not receive retirement benefits other than statutory superannuation contributions, where required, nor do they 
participate in any incentive programs. 
The Chairman of the Board receives a base fee of $60,000 (2023: $121,095) and the Non-Executive Directors receive a base fee of $30,000 (2023: 
$60,000). 
The remuneration of Non-Executive Directors for the year ended 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023 is detailed in Table 1 of this report on page 
14. 
The maximum annual aggregate fee pool limit is $400,000 and was approved by shareholders. 
OTHER TRANSACTIONS WITH KMP AND THEIR RELATED PARTIES 
There were no other transactions with KMPs and their related parties, such as purchases, sales and investments, for the year ended 30 June 
2024. 
REPORTING NOTES 
Reporting in Australian dollars 
In this report, the remuneration and benefits reported are in Australian dollars. This is consistent with the functional and presentational currency 
of the Company. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          14
Statutory tables 
Table 1 - Compensation of Non-Executive Directors and executive KMPs for the year ended 30 June 2024 and 2023 
Short Term Benefits 
Post-
Employment 
Long-term 
Benefits 
Share 
Based 
Payments 
Total 
Salary & Director's Fees 
Cash Bonuses 
Non-monetary 
Total 
Employer Superannuation 
Contributions 
Leave Entitlements 
Performance Rights Plan 
Total Remuneration 
Proportion of remuneration 
performance related 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
% 
Non-executive Directors  
J Welborn 
2024 
70,074 
- 
- 
70,074 
7,708 
- 
- 
77,782 
- 
Chairman and Director (Non-executive) 
2023 
109,589 
- 
- 
109,589 
11,506 
- 
- 
121,095 
- 
S Gallagher 
2024 
37,500 
- 
- 
37,500 
- 
- 
- 
37,500 
- 
Director (Non-executive) 
2023 
60,000 
- 
- 
60,000 
- 
- 
- 
60,000 
- 
K Abbott 
2024 
37,500 
- 
- 
37,500 
- 
- 
- 
37,500 
- 
Director (Non-executive) 
2023 
60,000 
- 
- 
60,000 
- 
- 
- 
60,000 
- 
G Lukey3 
2024 
15,000 
- 
- 
15,000 
- 
- 
- 
15,000 
- 
Director (Non-executive) 
2023 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Total Consolidated, all non-executive 
2024 
160,074 
- 
- 
160,074 
7,708 
- 
- 
167,782 
- 
directors 
2023 
229,589 
- 
- 
229,589 
11,506 
- 
- 
241,095 
- 
Executive Directors 
T Alder 1 
2024 
233,008 
- 
- 
233,008 
13,699 
(115,011) 
- 
131,696 
0% 
Managing Director and Chief 
Executive Officer 
2023 
364,708 
- 
- 
364,708 
25,292 
33,954 
58,004 
481,958 
12% 
Executive Key Management Personnel 
A Mills2 
2024 
189,668 
- 
- 
189,668 
14,332 
8,447 
- 
212,447 
0% 
Interim Chief Executive Officer 
2023 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
0% 
T Spencer 
2024 
246,772 
- 
- 
246,772 
26,862 
(2,119) 
- 
271,515 
0% 
Chief Financial Officer 
2023 
146,947 
- 
- 
146,947
14,592 
12,608 
- 
174,147 
0% 
Total Consolidated, Executive directors, 
2024 
669,448 
- 
- 
669,448 
54,893 
(108,683) 
- 
615,658 
0% 
Executive Key Management Personnel 
2023 
511,655 
- 
- 
511,655
39,884 
46,562 
58,004 
656,105 
9% 
Total Consolidated, Non-executive 
2024 
829,522 
- 
- 
829,522 
62,601 
(108,683) 
- 
783,440 
0% 
Directors, Executive directors, and 
Executive Key Management Personnel 
2023 
741,244 
- 
- 
741,244 
80,864 
46,562 
58,004 
926,674 
6% 
1 Mr. Alder ceased as a KMP on 22 September 2023. 
2 Mr. Mills joined as KMP on 22 September 2023 and ceased on 31 March 2024. 
3 Dr. Lukey joined as KMP on 1 December 2023. 
Table 2 – Summary of CEO and Executive 
Type of equity 
Grant date 
Expiry date 
Awarded 
but not 
vested 
Vested 
% of total vested 
Lapsed 
Fair value 
 of equity ($)1 
T Alder 
Equity rights 
27 October 2017 
10 August 2020 
255,000 
- 
- 
255,000 
0.278 
Director and Chief Executive 
Officer 
Equity rights 
27 October 2017 
10 August 2020 
- 
340,000 
100% 
- 
0.365 
Equity rights 
23 May 2018 
10 August 2020 
- 
647,250 
100% 
- 
0.316 
Equity rights 
4 December 2020 
30 September 2023 
234,000 
- 
- 
234,000 
0.808 
Equity rights 
4 December 2020 
30 September 2023 
140,400 
- 
- 
140,400 
0.538 
1 In accordance with AASB2 Share-based Payments, the fair value of variable pay rights as at the grant date has been determined by applying the Monte 
Carlo|trinomial valuation model. For the assumptions used in the valuation of the rights, please refer to note F.3. The amount included as remuneration is not 
related to or indicative of the benefit (if any) that individual executives may ultimately realise should these equity instruments vest. 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          15
Table 3 – KMP share and equity holdings 
Details of shares and rights help by KMP including their personally related entities for the 2024 financial year are as follows: 
Type of equity1 
Opening 
holding at 
1 July 2023 
Rights allocated in 2024 Rights lapsed in 2024 
Net Changes other 
Closing holding at 
30 June 20242 
Non-executive Directors 
J Welborn 
Shares 
1,991,667 
- 
- 
225,118 
2,216,785 
Options 
500,000 
- 
- 
- 
500,000 
S Gallagher 
Shares 
216,668 
- 
- 
150,000 
366,668 
Options 
50,000 
- 
- 
- 
50,000 
K Abbott 
Shares 
85,000 
- 
- 
20,000 
105,000 
Options 
25,000 
- 
- 
- 
25,000 
G Lukey 
Shares 
- 
- 
- 
730,726 
730,726 
Options 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Executive Directors 
T Alder 
Equity Rights 
374,400 
- 
(374,400) 
- 
- 
Shares 
1,471,639 
- 
- 
(1,471,639) 
- 
Options 
25,000 
- 
- 
- 
25,000 
Executive Key Management Personnel 
A Mills 
Shares 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Options 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
T Spencer 
Shares 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Options 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1 Opening holding represents amounts carried forward in respect of KMP. 
2 Net Other Changes includes KMP participation in the equity placement during the year and other 'on-market' activity. 
3 Closing equity rights holdings represent unvested rights held at the end of the reporting period.  
End of Remuneration Report 
Signed in accordance with a resolution of the Directors: 
J P Welborn 
Chairman 
Dated at Perth, Western Australia this 30 August 2024 

16 
To the Board of Directors of Orbital Corporation Limited 
Auditor’s Independence Declaration under section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 
As lead auditor for the audit of the financial statements of Orbital Corporation Limited for the financial year 
ended 30 June 2024, I declare that to the best of my knowledge and belief, there have been no 
contraventions of: 
(a)
the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and
(b)
any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit.
Yours sincerely 
Nexia Perth Audit Services Pty Ltd 
Muranda Janse Van Nieuwenhuizen 
Director 
Perth, Western Australia 
30 August 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
CONTENTS
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          17
Financial statements 
D. Debt and capital
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other 
comprehensive income 
18 
D.1 Borrowings
40 
D.2 Share capital
41 
Consolidated statement of financial position 
19 
D.3 Option Reserves
41 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
20 
D.4 Reserves
42 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
21 
E. Other assets and liabilities
Notes to the financial statements 
E.1 Provisions
43 
1.A About these statements
22 
F. Other notes
A. Current year performance
F.1 Key management personnel compensation
44 
A.1 Operating segments
26 
F.2 Related parties
44 
A.2 Revenue
26 
F.3 Share based payments
45 
A.3 Other income
28 
F.4 Subsidiaries
46 
A.4 Expenses
29 
F.5 Parent entity information
46 
A.5 Taxes
30 
F.6 Auditor remuneration
47 
A.6 Earnings per share (EPS)
32 
F.7 Contingent assets
47 
F.8 Contingent liabilities
47 
B. Growth assets
F.9 Commitments
47 
B.1 Plant and equipment
33 
F.10 Events after the end of the reporting period
47 
B.2 Intangible assets
35 
F.11 Other accounting policies
47 
F.12 New accounting standards
47 
C. Working capital management
C.1 Inventories
37 
C.2 Trade and other receivables
38 
C.3 Cash and cash equivalents
38 
Consolidated Entity Disclosure Statement 
48 
C.4 Non-cash investing and financing activities
38 
Directors' declaration 
49 
C.5 Other financial assets
39 
Independent auditor's report 
50 
C.6 Trade and other payables
39 
Shareholding details 
54 
C.7 Deferred revenue
39 
Corporate information 
55 
C.8 Leases
39 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND 
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          18
Notes 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Continuing operations 
Sale of goods 
9,110 
12,350 
Engineering services revenue 
3,456 
4,426 
Interest revenue 
98 
26 
Total revenue 
A.2
12,664 
16,802 
Other income 
A.3
3,054 
5,711 
Materials and consumables expenses 
A.4(d)
(5,144) 
(8,216) 
Recovered excess inventory 
372 
404 
Employee benefits expenses 
A.4(a)
(7,496) 
(8,648) 
Depreciation expenses 
(844)
(1,046)
Amortisation of intangibles  
B.2
(408)
(276)
Engineering consumables and contractor expenses 
(949)
(792)
Occupancy expenses 
(446)
(718)
Travel and accommodation expenses 
(135)
(255)
Communications and computing expenses 
(684)
(744)
Patent expenses 
(208)
(191)
Insurance expenses 
(688)
(832)
Audit, compliance and listing expenses 
(260)
(540)
Finance costs 
A.4(b)
(334)
(214)
Bad debts recovered 
185 
 -  
Warranty expenses 
E.1
1,667 
(236) 
Other expenses  
A.4(c)
(159)
(249)
Foreign exchange gains/(losses) 
(120)
60
Profit/(loss) before income tax 
67 
20 
Income tax expense 
A.5
 -  
-  
Profit/(loss) for the year from 
67 
20 
Other comprehensive income 
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss: 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 
2 
2 
Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year 
69 
22 
Earnings per share 
Basic profit/(loss) for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent 
(cents) 
A.6
   0.05 
   0.02 
Diluted profit/(loss) for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent 
(cents) 
A.6
   0.05 
   0.02 
 
The accompanying notes form part of the financial statements. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          19
2024 
2023 
ASSETS 
Notes 
$'000 
$'000 
Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
C.3
4,784 
2,292 
Other financial assets 
C.5
748 
751 
Trade and other receivables 
C.2
577 
2,125 
Contract assets 
C.2
890 
 -  
Inventories 
C.1
4,020 
5,980 
Prepayments 
322 
191 
Finance lease receivable 
C.8
433 
430 
Total current assets 
11,774 
11,769 
Non-current assets 
Intangibles 
B.2
3,312 
3,238 
Plant and equipment 
B.1
1,138 
1,299 
Inventories 
C.1
2,896 
2,238 
Right-of-use asset 
C.8
2,758 
1,141 
Finance lease receivable 
C.8
332 
253 
Other receivables 
C.2
21 
 -  
Total non-current assets 
10,457 
8,169 
Total assets 
22,231 
19,938 
LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Trade payables and other liabilities 
C.6
1,660 
1,979 
Deferred revenue 
C.7
1,330 
1,243 
Borrowings 
D.1
2,438 
1,452 
Lease liabilities 
C.8
690 
752 
Provisions 
E.1
2,265 
4,096 
Total current liabilities 
8,383 
9,522 
Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
C.8
2,945 
1,083 
Borrowings 
D.1 
-
2,344
Provisions 
E.1
73 
51 
Total non-current liabilities 
3,018 
3,478 
Total liabilities 
11,401 
13,000 
Net assets 
10,830 
6,938 
Equity 
Share capital 
D.2
45,203 
41,380 
Options reserve 
D.3
1,033 
1,033 
Reserves 
D.4
2,596 
2,594 
Accumulated losses 
(38,002) 
(38,069) 
Total equity 
10,830 
6,938 
The accompanying notes form part of the financial statements. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          20
 Share capital 
 (Accumulated losses) 
 Employee 
 equity benefits reserve 
 Foreign currency  
 translation reserve 
 Option reserve 
 Total equity 
Notes 
D.2
D.4
D.4
D.3
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
At 1 July 2023 
41,380 
(38,069) 
2,652 
(58)
1,033
6,938 
Profit for the year 
-
67
 -  
-  
 -  
67 
Foreign currency translation 
-
-
 -  
2 
-
2
Total comprehensive profit for the year 
-
67
-
2
-
69
Issue of ordinary shares, net of costs 
3,787 
 -  
-  
 -  
-  
3,787 
Issue of share options 
 -  
-  
 -  
-  
 -  
-  
Share based payments 
36 
 -  
-  
 -  
-  
36 
At 30 June 2024 
45,203 
(38,002) 
2,652 
(56)
1,033
10,830 
At 1 July 2022 
37,682 
(38,089) 
2,665 
(60)
-
2,198 
Profit for the year 
-
20
 -  
-  
-
20 
Foreign currency translation 
-
-
 -  
2 
-
2
Total comprehensive profit for the year 
-
20
-
2
-
22
Issue of ordinary shares, net of costs 
3,662 
 -  
-  
 -  
-  
3,662 
Issue of share options 
 -  
-  
 -  
-  
1,033 
1,033 
Share based payments 
36 
-
(13)
 -  
-  
23 
At 30 June 2023 
41,380 
(38,069) 
2,652 
(58)
1,033
6,938 
The accompanying notes form part of the financial statements. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          21
2024 
2023 
Notes 
$'000 
$'000 
Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash receipts from customers 
14,211 
12,937 
Cash paid to suppliers and employees 
(15,715) 
(16,938) 
Cash receipts from R&D rebates 
1,442 
732 
Interest received 
98 
26 
Interest paid 
(70)
(251)
Net cash used in operating activities 
C.3
(34)
(3,494)
Cash flows from investing activities 
Payments for financial instruments 
4 
(166) 
Purchase of plant and equipment 
(311)
(290)
Grant rebates received 
364  
 
920
Payments for intangible asset 
(847)
(836)
Net cash used in investing activities 
(790)
(372)
Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issues of shares and options 
D.2
4,000 
5,000 
Share issue transaction costs 
(213)
(305)
Principal elements of lease payments 
(485)
(807)
Net cash from financing activities 
3,302 
3,888 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
2,478 
22 
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 July 
2,292 
2,363 
Effects of exchange rate fluctuations on the balances of cash held in foreign 
currencies 
14 
(93) 
Cash and cash equivalents at 30 June 
C.3
4,784 
2,292 
The accompanying notes form part of the financial statements. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          22
1.A  About these statements
The exchange differences arising on translation 
for consolidation are recognised in the Foreign 
Currency Translation Reserve (FCTR), via Other 
Comprehensive Income (OCI). On disposal of a 
foreign operation, the component of FCTR 
relating to that particular foreign operation is 
reclassified to profit or loss. 
Orbital Corporation Ltd ("Orbital" or the "Group") is a for-
profit company limited by shares, incorporated and
domiciled in Australia. Its shares are publicly traded on
the Australian Stock Exchange ("ASX"). The registered
office is 4 Whipple Street, Balcatta, Western Australia.
The nature of the operations and principal activities of the 
Group are described in the Directors Report and in the 
segment information in Note A.1. 
1.D Rounding of amounts
The Company is of a kind referred to in ASIC
Corporations (Rounding in Financial/Directors’
Reports) Instrument 2016/191, dated 24 March
2016, and in accordance with that Instrument,
amounts in the financial report and Directors’
Report have been rounded off to the nearest
thousand dollars unless otherwise indicated.
The financial statements were authorised for issue in 
accordance with a resolution of the Directors on 30 
August 2024.The Directors have the power to amend and 
reissue the financial statements. 
1.B Statement of compliance
1.E Basis of preparation
The financial statements are general purpose financial
statements, which have been prepared in accordance
with the requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth),
Australian Accounting Standards and other authoritative
pronouncements of the Australian Accounting Standards
Board. The financial statements comply with International
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the
International Accounting Standards Board.
The Group has not early adopted any standards, 
interpretations or amendments that have been issued but 
not yet effective. The adoption of these standards, 
interpretations or amendments will not significantly 
impact the Group's accounting policies, financial position 
or performance. 
1.C Currency
The financial statements are presented in Australian
dollars, which is the functional currency of the Company.
Transactions are recorded in the functional currency of
the transacting entity using the spot rate. Monetary
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies
are translated at the functional currency spot rate of
exchange at the reporting date. Differences arising on
settlement or translation of monetary items are
recognised in profit or loss. Non-monetary items that are
measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency
are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of
the initial transactions.
On consolidation, the assets and liabilities of foreign 
operations are translated into Australian dollars at the 
rate of exchange prevailing at the reporting date and their 
statements of profit or loss are translated at exchange 
rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. 
The consolidated financial statements have been
prepared on the historical cost basis.
The financial statements comprise the financial 
results of the Group and its subsidiaries as at 30 
June each year. Subsidiaries are fully 
consolidated from the date of which control is 
obtained by the Group and cease to be 
consolidated from the date at which the Group 
ceases to have control. 
The financial statements of subsidiaries are 
prepared for the same reporting period as the 
parent company, using consistent accounting 
policies. All intercompany balances and 
transactions, including unrealised profits and 
losses arising from intra-group transactions, have 
been eliminated in full.  
Comparative information has been reclassified 
where required for consistency with the current 
year's presentation. 
1.F Other accounting policies
Significant and other accounting policies that
summarise the measurement basis used and are
relevant to understanding the financial statements
are provided throughout the notes to the financial
statements.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024          23
1.G Financial and capital risk
management
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Group's risk management
strategy, policy and key risk parameters. The Board of Directors has oversight of the Group's internal control system
and risk management process. The Group's management of financial and capital risks is aimed at ensuring that
available capital, funding and cash flows are sufficient to meet the Group's financial commitments as and when they
fall due and maintain the capacity to fund its committed project developments. During 2024 the Group's strategy
remained unchanged from 2023, the gearing ratio at 30 June 2024 was 23% (2023: 55%). Gearing ratios are
calculated by dividing net debt (as per note D.1) by total equity.
The below risks arise in the normal course of the Group's business. Risk information can be found in the following 
sections: 
Section A 
 Foreign currency risk 
Page 
25 
Section C 
 Liquidity risk 
Page 
36 
Section C 
 Interest Rate risk 
Page 
36 
Section C 
 Credit risk 
Page 
37 
Section D 
 Capital risk management 
Page 
40 
1.H Key estimates and judgements
In applying the Group's accounting policies, management continually evaluates judgements, estimates and
assumptions based on experiences and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have an impact
on the Group. Significant judgements, estimates and assumptions made by management in the preparation of  these
financial statements are found in the following notes:
Note    Key estimate/ judgement 
A.5      Recoverability of deferred tax assets     Page 
31
B.1      Impairment of non-current assets
Page 
34 
C.1      Recoverability of inventories
Page 
37 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 24
1.J Going Concern
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the Group
will continue its operations and be able to meet its obligations as and when they become due and payable.
For the year ended 30 June 2024, the Group recorded an after tax profit of $67,000 (2023: $20,000) and operating 
cash outflows of $34,000 (2023: $3,494,000). As at 30 June 2024, the Group had net assets of $10,830,000 
(2023: $6,938,000) and net current assets of $3,391,000 (2023: 2,247,000). The Group also had cash outflows 
from investing activities of $790,000 (2023: 372,000) and cash inflows from financing activities of $3,302,000 
(2023: 3,888,000). 
The going concern assumption is based on the Group’s cash flow projections and existing cash reserves as at 30 
June 2024 and covers a period of at least twelve months from the date of this report.  
The projections show that the continuing viability of the Group and its ability to continue as a going concern and 
meet its debts and commitments as they fall due is dependent upon a number of factors including: 
• Successful continued development of new engine models, leading to further committed engineering and
production revenues.
• Achieving the milestones required under the terms of the WA government loan, as described in note D.1, such
that grants are received and repayments are not required within the forecast period.
• Achieving forecasted operational performance and positive operational cash flows from the existing engine
production and engineering programs.
• Reducing overheads through cost saving initiatives.
• Securing funding above and beyond the Group’s existing committed facilities if required.
As a result of these matters, there is a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Group's ability 
to continue as a going concern and therefore that the Group may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its 
liabilities in the normal course of business. 
The Directors consider that the Group will be successful in the above matters and have therefore prepared the 
financial report on a going concern basis. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 25
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
In this section
This section addresses financial performance of the Group for the reporting period including, where applicable, the 
accounting policies applied and the key estimates and judgements made. The section also includes the tax position of 
the Group for and at the end of the reporting period. 
A.1
Operating segments 
Page 26 
A.2
Revenue 
Page 26 
A.3
Other income 
Page 28 
A.4
Expenses 
Page 29 
A.5
Taxes 
Page 30 
A.6
Earnings per share 
Page 32 
Financial risks in this section 
Foreign currency risk 
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate as a result of changes 
in foreign exchange rates. The Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates to the Group’s 
operating activities, in which sales and purchases are denominated in foreign currencies.  
The Group manages its exposure to foreign currency risk by regularly monitoring and performing sensitivity analysis on 
the Group's financial position and performance as a result of movements in foreign exchange rates. The Group holds 
bank accounts in foreign denominated currencies which are converted to Australian dollars through rate orders for 
targeted exchange rates. The Group has foreign currency hedging facilities available as part of its bank facilities. 
Currently the Group does not directly hedge against its foreign currency exchange risk to a material extent. 
Exposure 
The Group’s exposure to USD at the reporting date for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 2023 are as follows: 
2024 
A$'000 
2023 
A$'000 
Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
476 
1,159 
Trade and other receivables 
140 
623 
Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
220 
95 
For the year ended 30 June 2024, revenue from external customers denominated in USD was A$8,344,000 (2023: 
A$7,034,000). 
Sensitivity 
The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in USD exchange rates, with all other 
variables held constant. The impact on the Group’s profit before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary 
assets and liabilities. There is no impact on changes in foreign currencies on other comprehensive income. The Group’s 
exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.  
The Group has used the observed range of actual historical rates for the preceding five year period, with a heavier 
weighting placed on recently observed market data, in determining reasonably possible exchange movements as part of 
their sensitivity analysis. Past movements in exchange rates are not necessarily indicative of future movements.  
Change in 
AUD/USD rate 
Increase / (Reduction) on 
profit before taxes 
2024 
+10%
(36) 
-10%
44 
2023 
+10%
(153) 
-10%
187 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 26
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.1     Operating segments
Identification of reportable segments 
The Group has identified its operating segments based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the 
executive management team (the chief operating decision makers) in assessing performance and in determining the 
allocation of resources. 
Segment performance is evaluated based on Revenue and Earnings Before Interest and Tax ("EBIT") which is 
allocated to the reportable segments according to the geographic location in which the item arose or relates to. 
The geographical location of the segment assets is based on the physical location of the assets. 
Segment information 
Year ended 30 June 2024 
Australia 
US 
Consolidated 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
Segment revenue 
12,664 
16,802 
 -  
-  
12,664 
16,802 
EBIT 
569 
449 
(168)
(215)
401 
234 
Finance expenses 
(265)
(192)
(69)
(22)
(334)
(214)
Profit/(loss) before income tax 
304 
257 
(237)
(237)
67 
20 
Australia 
US 
Consolidated 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
Assets 
21,125 
18,498 
1,106 
1,440 
22,231 
19,938 
Liabilities 
10,237 
11,399 
1,164 
1,601 
11,401 
13,000 
Net assets 
10,888 
7,099 
(58)
(161)
10,830 
6,938 
A.2     Revenue
 
 
 
Australia 
US 
Consolidated 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
Revenue 
12,664 
16,802 
 -  
-  
12,664 
16,802 
Total external revenue 
12,664 
16,802 
 -  
-  
12,664 
16,802 
Timing of revenue recognition 
At a point in time 
9,208 
12,376 
 -  
-  
9,208 
12,376 
Over time 
3,456 
4,426 
 -  
-  
3,456 
4,426 
12,664 
16,802 
 -  
-  
12,664 
16,802 
Revenues of approximately $9,887,000 (2023: $7,440,000) were derived from a single external customer. 
Recognition and measurement 
Revenue is recognised in accordance with the core principle by applying the following steps: 
• Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer
• Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract
• Step 3: Determine the transaction price
• Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
• Step 5: Recognise revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation
The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognised: 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 27
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.2     Revenue (continued)
· Revenue from rendering of services
The Group's general terms and conditions with customers specify a right to payment for work completed,
therefore performance obligations are satisfied over time. Using the output method for revenue recognition, the
Group recognises revenue based on an appraisal of results achieved or percentage complete.
· Sale of goods
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised on a per-unit basis as the goods are delivered to the customer
premise, which is deemed to be the time when the performance obligation is performed.
Revenue for goods sold but not delivered is recognised if:
(a) the reason for the bill-and-hold arrangement must be substantive;
(b) the product must be identified separately as belonging to the customer;
(c) the product currently must be ready for physical transfer to the customer:
(d) the entity cannot have the ability to use the product or to direct it to another customer.
A receivable is recognised when the goods are delivered as this is the point in time that the consideration is
unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.
· Interest income
Interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate method ("EIR"). The EIR is the rate that exactly
discounts the estimated cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where
appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset.
Assets and liabilities related to contracts with customers 
The Group has recognised the following assets and liabilities related to contracts with customers: 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Contract Liabilities 
Deferred revenue 
1,330 
1,243 
Refer to Note C.7 deferred revenue for a breakdown of deferred revenue recognised in the current year. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 28
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.3     Other income
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Grant income 
1,500 
4,825 
Rental income 
94 
150 
Research and development grant 
1,442 
732 
Other 
18 
4 
3,054 
5,711 
Recognition and measurement 
· Grant income
In FY24, Orbital achieved the relevant operational milestones and reduced the WA government loan value by $1.5M.
Accounting standards require interest to be imputed while the loan is interest free. The benefit of the loan reduction of
$1.5M and it being interest free $0.1M are recognised as grant income, in accordance with AASB 120 Accounting for
Government Grants. Refer to Note D.1 for further details.
· Research and development grant
In accordance with research and development tax legislation the Group is entitled to a refundable R&D tax offset
accounted for as research and development grant. Government grants are recognised when it is probable that the
grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an asset, it is
recognised as a reduction in the related asset. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognised as income
on a systematic basis over the periods that the related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed.
· Other income
The other income represents sales income from asset disposals.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 29
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.4     Expenses
(a)
Employee benefits expense
(d)
Materials and consumable expenses
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
Salaries and wages 
  5,409 
  6,351 
Raw materials and consumables 
3,184 
3,122 
Defined contribution plans 
  778 
  798 
Change in inventories 
1,960 
5,094 
Share based payments (Note F.3) 
 36 
  23 
5,144 
8,216 
Annual and long service leave 
  722 
  807 
Other personnel costs 
  551 
  669 
Recognition and measurement 
  7,496 
  8,648 
· Defined contribution plans
(b)
Finance costs
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution 
superannuation funds are recognised as an expense as 
incurred.  
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Interest expense 
  334 
  214 
The Group contributes to defined contribution plans for 
the provision of benefits to Australian employees on 
retirement, death or disability. Employee and employer 
contributions are calculated on percentages of gross 
salaries and wages. Apart from contributions required 
under law, there is no legally enforceable right for the 
Group to contribute to a superannuation plan.  
  334 
  214 
(c)
Other expenses
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Administration 
84 
119 
Marketing and investor relations 
5 
27 
Freight 
40 
66 
Other 
30 
37 
159 
249 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 30
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.5     Taxes
The major components of the income tax expense for the years 
ended 30 June 2024 and 2023 are:  
The Group has unused tax losses that arose in 
Australia, for which no deferred tax assets have 
been recognised of $52,194,180 (2023: 
$52,846,066) and are available indefinitely for 
offsetting against future taxable profits of the Group 
and its controlled entities in which those losses 
arose. 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Deferred income tax expense 
  - 
- 
Adjustments in respect of prior years 
 - 
- 
Total income tax expense 
-
- 
Under the tax laws of the United States of America,
unused tax losses that cannot be fully utilised for tax
purposes during the current period may be carried
forward into future periods, subject to statutory
limitations. At 30 June 2024, the Group had unused
tax losses for which no deferred tax assets have
been recognised of US$4,246,000 (2023:
US$13,764,000).
The reconciliation of the income tax benefits/(expenses) and 
accounting profit multiplied by the Australian domestic tax rate 
for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 2023 are:  
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Accounting profit/(loss) before tax 
from continuing operations 
67 
20 
Recognition and measurement 
Accounting profit/(loss) 
before income tax 
67 
20 
· Current income tax
At Australia's statutory income tax 
rate of 25.0% (2023: 25.0%) 
(17)
(5)
Current income tax assets and liabilities are 
measured at the amount expected to be recovered 
from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates 
and tax laws used to compute the amount are those 
that are enacted at the reporting date in the 
countries where the Group operates and generates 
taxable income. 
Non assessable income 
(736)
(1,389)
Expenses subject to R&D tax 
incentive 
1,175 
1,210 
Non-deductible expenses 
51 
52 
Deferred tax asset not recognised 
(473)
132
Income tax expense 
-
-  
· Deferred tax
Income tax expense reported in the 
statement of profit or loss 
Deferred tax is provided for using the full liability
method on temporary differences between the tax
bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying
amounts for financial reporting purposes at the
reporting date.
 -  
-  
Deferred tax balances comprise of the following deferred tax 
assets/(deferred tax liabilities): 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Inventory 
416 
639 
Revenue received in advance 
110 
311 
Plant and equipment 
(76)
25
Provisions and accruals 
774  
1,256
Intangible asset 
(828)
(809)
ROU leasing assets 
120  
(97)
ROU leasing liabilities 
(123)
138
Foreign exchange gains/losses 
2 
29 
Other 
42 
61 
Unrecognised temporary differences 
(437)
(1,553)
Net deferred tax asset 
-
-  

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 31
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.5     Taxes (continued)
· Deferred tax
Key estimate: Recoverability of deferred tax 
assets 
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable 
temporary differences, except: 
At 30 June 2024, the Group recognised nil (2023: 
nil) of deferred tax assets after assessing the 
likelihood of offsetting unused tax losses against 
future taxable profits.  
• When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial
recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a
transaction that is not a business combination and, at the
time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit
nor taxable profit or loss.
Offsetting deferred tax balances  
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if 
there is a legally enforceable right to offset current 
tax assets and liabilities and when they relate to 
income taxes levied by the same taxation authority 
on either the same taxable entity or different taxable 
entities that the Group intends to settle its current 
tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.  
• In respect of taxable temporary differences associated
with investments in subsidiaries, when the timing of the
reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and
it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse
in the foreseeable future.
Tax consolidation 
Orbital Corporation Limited and its 100 per cent 
owned Australian resident subsidiaries formed a tax 
consolidated group with effect from 1 July 2002. 
Orbital Corporation Limited is the head entity of the 
tax consolidated group. Members of the tax 
consolidated group have entered into a tax sharing 
agreement that provides for the allocation of income 
tax liabilities between the entities should the head 
entity default on its tax payment obligations. No 
amounts were recognised in the financial statements 
in respect of this agreement on the basis that the 
probability of default was assessed as remote.  
Deferred tax assets are recognised for deductible 
temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that 
taxable profit will be available against which the deductible 
temporary differences and carry forward of unused tax 
credits and unused tax losses may be utilised, except: 
• When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible
temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an
asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business
combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects
neither accounting profit or loss.
Orbital Corporation Limited and its controlled entities 
continue to account for their own current and 
deferred tax amounts. The Group has applied the 
'separate taxpayer within Group' approach by 
reference to the carrying amount in the separate 
financial statements of each entity and the tax 
values applying under tax consolidation. In addition 
to its own current and deferred tax amounts, Orbital 
Corporation Limited also recognised current tax 
liabilities (or assets) and deferred tax assets arising 
from unused tax losses assumed from its controlled 
entities in the tax consolidated group.  
• In respect of deductible temporary differences associated
with investments in subsidiaries, deferred tax assets are
recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the
temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future
and taxable profit will be available against which the
temporary differences may be utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at 
each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no 
longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available 
or allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. 
Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each 
reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it is 
probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred 
tax asset to be recovered. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in 
the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, 
based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted at the reporting date. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 32
A. CURRENT YEAR PERFORMANCE
A.6     Earnings per share (EPS)
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit for the 
year attributable to ordinary equity holders of Orbital 
Corporation Limited (“the Parent”) by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding 
during the year.  
Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the profit 
attributable to ordinary equity holders of the Parent by 
the weighted average number of ordinary shares 
outstanding during the year, plus the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares that would be 
issued on conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary 
shares into ordinary shares.  
Performance rights granted to key management 
personnel were deemed potential ordinary shares. 
Refer to Note F.3 for further details. 
There have been no transactions involving ordinary 
shares or potential ordinary shares between the reporting 
date and the date of authorisation of the financial 
statements.  
 
The number of potential ordinary shares not considered 
dilutive and contingently issuable are as follows:  
The following table reflects the income and share data 
used in the basic and diluted EPS computations:  
 2024 
Number 
 2023 
Number 
Options 
17,500,000 
17,500,000 
2024 
2023 
Performance rights 
-
430,464
$'000 
$'000 
Total 
17,500,000 
17,930,464 
Profit/(loss) for the year 
ended attributable to ordinary 
equity holders of the Parent: 
Continuing operations 
67 
20 
2024 
2023 
Number 
Number 
Weighted average number of 
ordinary shares for basic 
EPS 
137,892,988 
104,435,036 
Weighted average number 
of ordinary shares adjusted 
for the effect of dilution 
137,892,988 
104,435,036 
Earnings per share 
 Cents 
 Cents 
Basic profit/(loss) per share 
 0.05 
 0.02 
Diluted profit/(loss) per share 
 0.05 
 0.02 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 33
B. GROWTH ASSETS
In this section
This section addresses the strategic growth and assets position of the Group at the end of the reporting period 
including, where applicable, the accounting policies applied and the key estimates and judgements made.  
B.1
Plant and equipment 
Page 33 
B.2
Intangible assets 
Page 35 
B.1     Plant and equipm ent
Plant and 
equipment 
Leasehold 
improvements 
Total 
Recognition and measurement 
Plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of 
accumulated depreciation and accumulated 
impairment losses, if any. Such costs include the cost 
of replacing part of the plant and equipment. When 
significant parts of plant and equipment are required 
to be replaced at intervals, the Group depreciates 
those parts separately based on their specific useful 
lives. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, 
its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the 
plant and equipment as a replacement if the 
recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repairs and 
maintenance costs are expensed as incurred to 
occupancy expenses in the statement of profit or loss 
and other comprehensive income. An item of plant 
and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or 
when no future economic benefits are expected from 
its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on the de-
recognition of the asset, calculated as the difference 
between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying 
amount of the assets, is included in other income or 
other expenses in the statement of profit or loss and 
other comprehensive income when the asset is 
derecognised.    
$’000 
$’000 
$’000 
Gross carrying amount at cost 
At 30 June 2022 
13,800 
2,588 
16,388 
Additions 
246 
44 
290 
Grant rebate 
(196)
-
(196) 
At 30 June 2023 
13,850 
2,632 
16,482 
Additions  
219 
92 
311 
Disposals  
(234)
-
(234) 
At 30 June 2024 
13,835 
2,724 
16,559 
Depreciation and impairment 
At 30 June 2022 
(12,305) 
(2,378) 
(14,683) 
Depreciation 
(452)
(48)
(500) 
At 30 June 2023 
(12,757) 
(2,426) 
(15,183) 
Depreciation 
(359)
(36)
(395) 
Disposals  
157  
 -
157
At 30 June 2024 
(12,959) 
(2,462) 
(15,421) 
Net book value  
At 30 June 2024 
876 
262 
1,138 
At 30 June 2023 
1,093 
206 
1,299 
Plant and equipment was pledged as security under the 
Acknowledgement of Debt entered into with the 
Department of Jobs, Tourism, Science and Innovation 
and is subject to floating charges. Refer to Note C.7 for 
lease disclosure and Note D.1 for further details. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 34
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
B. GROWTH ASSETS
B.1     Plant and equipment (continued)
Impairment of non-financial assets 
Key estimate - Impairment of non-current assets 
The Group assesses, at each reporting date, whether 
there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If 
any indication exists, or when annual impairment 
testing for an asset is required, the Group estimates 
the recoverable amount of the asset or cash 
generating unit (“CGU”). The recoverable amount of 
the asset or the CGU is the higher of its fair value less 
costs of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable 
amount is determined for an individual asset, unless 
the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely 
independent of those from other assets or groups of 
assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU 
exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is 
considered impaired and is written down to its 
recoverable amount.  
When indicators of impairment are identified, the 
Group bases its impairment calculation on detailed 
budgets and forecast calculations, which are prepared 
separately for each of the Group’s CGUs to which the 
individual assets are allocated.  
During the year ended 30 June 2021, a strategic 
decision was made to cease production in the US and 
transition it to Australia. As a result, the CGUs located 
in the US became idle and not expected to generate 
any future cash flow in the short term, the US assets 
were written down to nil value. There were no 
indicators of impairment or reversal of impairment in 
the year ended 30 June 2024, with remaining assets 
expected to be recovered in full from future business 
activities. 
Impairment losses are recognised in the statement of 
profit or loss in expense categories consistent with the 
function of the impaired asset. 
Depreciation 
Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over 
the estimated useful life as follows: 
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash 
flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-
tax discount rate that reflects current market 
assessments of the time value of money and the risks 
specific to the asset. In determining fair value less 
costs of disposals, recent market transactions are 
taken into account. If no such transactions can be 
identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. 
These calculations are corroborated by valuation 
multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded 
companies or other available fair value indicators. 
Plant and equipment:  3 to 15 years  
Leasehold improvements:  3 to 15 years 
The residual values, useful lives and methods of 
depreciation of plant and equipment are reviewed at 
each financial year-end and adjusted prospectively, as 
appropriate.  

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 35
 B. GRO WT H ASSETS
B.2     Intangible assets
Consolidated 
Model 2019 
Development 
$'000 
Model 2021 
Development 
$'000 
Models 2023 
Development 
$'000 
Total 
$'000 
Year ended 30 June 2024 
Cost 
2,611 
4,223 
542 
7,376 
Accumulated amortisation and impairment 
(1,190) 
(365)
-
(1,555) 
R&D tax offset recognised  
(1,421) 
(1,088) 
-
(2,509)
Net carrying amount 
-
2,770
542 
3,312 
Movement 
Net carrying amount at the beginning of the year 
43 
3,195 
-
3,238
Additions 
-
304
542 
846
Amortisation for the year 
(43)
(365)
-
(408)
R&D tax offset recognised  
-
(364)
-
(364)
Net carrying amount at the end of 
the year 
-
2,770
542 
3,312 
Year ended 30 June 2023 
Cost 
2,611 
3,919 
-
6,530
Accumulated amortisation and impairment 
(1,147) 
 -  
-  
(1,147)
R&D tax offset recognised  
(1,421) 
(724)
-
(2,145)
Net carrying amount 
43 
3,195 
-
3,238
Movement 
Net carrying amount at the beginning of the year 
319 
3,083 
-
3,402
Additions 
-
836
-
836
Amortisation for the year 
(276)
-
-  
(276)
R&D tax offset recognised  
-
(724)
-
(724)
Net carrying amount at the end of 
the year 
43 
3,195 
-
3,238
The intangible assets comprise of capitalised development costs for the advancement of the modular propulsion 
systems. The intangible assets will be amortised using the straight-line method over a finite period of five years from 
completion of development. 
Recognition and measurement 
Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at 
cost less amortisation, any impairment losses and research and development tax grants received. Intangible assets with 
finite useful lives are amortised on a straight-line basis over their useful lives and tested for impairment whenever there is 
an indication that they may be impaired. The amortisation period and method is reviewed at each financial year end. 
Models 2023 are in the early stages of development and so amortisation has not yet commenced. 
Intangible asset 
Useful life 
Internally generated intangible 
Finite (up to five years) 
Research and development 
Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditures on individual projects are recognised as an 
intangible asset when the Group can demonstrate:  
• the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that the asset will be available for use or sale
• its intention to complete and its ability and intention to use or sell the asset
• how the asset will generate future economic developments
• the availability of resources to complete the asset
• the ability to measure reliably the expenditure incurred during the development of the asset
Following initial recognition of the development expenditure as an asset, the asset is carried at cost less any
accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation of the asset begins when the development
is complete and the asset is available for use. It is amortised over the period of expected future benefit. During the period
of development, the asset is tested for impairment annually.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 36
C. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
 
In this section
This section addresses inventories, trade and other receivables, cash, other financial assets and trade and other payables 
of the Group at the end of the reporting period including, where applicable, the accounting policies applied and the key 
estimates and judgements made.  
C.1    Inventories
Page 37 
C.2    Trade and other receivables
Page 38 
C.3    Cash and cash equivalents
Page 38 
C.4    Non-cash investing and financing activities
Page 38 
C.5    Other financial assets
Page 39 
C.6    Trade and other payables
Page 39 
C.7    Deferred revenue
Page 39 
C.8    Leases
Page 39 
Financial and capital risks in this section
Liquidity risk management 
Liquidity risk arises from the financial liabilities of the Group and the Group's subsequent ability to meet its obligations to 
repay financial liabilities as and when they fall due. The liquidity position of the Group is managed to ensure sufficient liquid 
funds are available to meet its financial commitments in a timely and cost effective manner. 
The Group's liquidity position is managed by the Board of Directors who regularly review cash-flow forecasts prepared by 
management, which includes the Group's short and long-term obligations, cash position and forecast liability position to 
maintain appropriate liquidity levels. At 30 June 2024, the Group has a total of $4,784,000 of cash at its disposal (2023: 
$2,292,000) and a net current asset position $3,391,000 (2023 net current asset: $2,247,000). The remaining contractual 
maturities of the Group's financial liabilities are: 
Less than 
3 months 
3-12
months 
1-5
years
Over 5 
years 
Total 
contractual 
cashflows 
Carrying amount 
(assets)/liabilities 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
At 30 June 2024 
Borrowings  
-
2,486
-
- 
2,486
 2,438 
Trade payables and other liabilities 
 1,660 
-
- 
 - 
 1,660 
1,660 
Lease liabilities 
 228 
749
 4,149 
 482 
 5,608 
 3,635 
 1,888 
 3,235 
 4,149 
 482 
 9,754 
 7,733 
At 30 June 2023 
Borrowings  
-
1,500
 2,486 
-
3,986
3,796 
Trade payables and other liabilities 
 1,979 
-
- 
-  
       1,979
1,979 
Lease liabilities 
 314 
539
 1,221 
-
2,074
 1,835 
 2,293 
 2,039 
 3,707 
-
8,039
 7,610 
 
 
 
Interest rate risk management 
Interest rate risk is the risk that the Group's financial position will fluctuate due to changes in the market interest rates. 
The Group's exposure to market interest rates relates primarily to the Group's cash and term deposits with financial 
institutions. The primary goal of the Group is to maximise returns on surplus cash, using deposits with maturities of 90 days 
or less. Management continually monitors the returns on funds invested. The exposure to interest rate risk as at 30 June 
2024 is as follows: 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Cash and cash equivalents (Note C.3) 
4,784 
2,292 
Short-term deposits (Note C.5) 
748 
751 
5,532 
3,043 
A reasonably possible change in the interest rate (+0.5%/-0.5%) (2023: +0.5%/-0.5%)), with all variables held constant, 
would have resulted in a change in post tax profit/(loss) of $24,000/($24,000) (2023: $11,000)/($11,000) and no impact to 
other comprehensive income. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 37
C. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Credit risk management 
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, 
leading to a financial loss. The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating and investing activities, including 
trade receivables and short-term deposits with financial institutions. Maximum exposure to credit risk equals to the 
carrying amount of these financial assets (as outlined in each applicable note). The significant concentration of credit 
risk within the Group relate to receivable balances from the Group's major customer. 
The maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of the statement of financial position at 30 June 2024 and 
2023 is the carrying amounts as illustrated in Note C.2.  
It is the Group's policy that all customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures 
including an assessment of their independent credit rating, financial position, past experience and industry reputation. 
Key individual customer receivable balances are monitored on an ongoing basis. The significant concentrations of 
credit risk within the Group relate to receivable balances from the Group's major customer and cash held with 
investment grade financial institutions. 
The investment of surplus cash in short-term deposits is only invested with a major financial institution to minimise the 
risk of default of counterparties.   
C.1     Inventories
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Raw materials  
6,304 
8,944 
Provision for impairment 
(1,664) 
(2,558) 
Work in progress  
2,171 
1,832 
Finished goods  
105 
 -  
6,916 
8,218 
Current 
4,020 
5,980 
Non current 
2,896 
2,238 
Recognition and measurement 
Inventories are carried at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its 
present location and condition are accounted for as follows:  
• Raw materials: weighted average cost
• Finished goods and work in progress:  weighted average cost of direct materials and direct manufacturing labour
and a proportion of manufacturing overhead costs
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of 
completion and selling expenses. 
Key estimate - Recoverability of inventories 
The Group's inventories are predominantly composed of purchased parts used in the construction of engines for sale. 
The recoverability of inventories is therefore highly dependent on the level of expected future orders of those engines 
by the Group's customers. The estimate of engine sales used in the calculation of the provision recognised at 
reporting date is informed by discussions with the Group's customers as to expected volume requirements for the 
engine programs. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 38
C. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
C.2     Trade and other receivables
C.3     Cash and cash equivalents
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
$'000 
Trade receivables 
392 
2,101 
Cash at bank 
4,784 
2,292 
Contract assets 
890 
 -  
4,784 
2,292 
Other receivables 
849 
873 
Impairment of other receivables (a) 
(849)
(849)
The reconciliation of net loss after tax to net cash flows 
from operations for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 
2023 is as follows:   
Recovery of bad debt (a) 
185 
 -  
Retention receivable 
21 
 -  
1,488 
2,125 
 
 
2024 
2023 
Current 
1,467 
2,125 
$'000 
$'000 
Non current 
21 
-
Profit/(loss) after income tax from continuing
operations
67 
20 
(a) At 30 June 2024, the Group has $664,000 (2023:
$849,000) as a provision for impaired receivables in respect
of an amount receivable from Avidsys Pty Ltd as
consideration for the disposal of REMSAFE Pty Ltd on 18
December 2017), where receivables of $185,000 were
recovered as of 30 June 2024. See the "Credit risk
management" section on credit risk of trade receivables,
which explains how the Group manages and measures the
quality of trade receivables that are neither past due nor
impaired.
 
 
Profit/(loss) after income tax
67 
20 
Depreciation & amortisation (Note B.1)
880 
777 
Government loan forgiven
(1,358) 
(4,690) 
Provision for excess stock
(893)
(434)
Warranties (Note E.1)
(1,667) 
236
Employee benefits (Note E.1)
(163)
(29)
Provision for doubtful debt
(185)
(75)
Share based payment expense (Note F.3)
36 
23 
Net foreign exchange gain
108 
2 
Net cash used in operating activities before 
changes in assets and liabilities 
The Group's payment terms on trade receivables range from 
30 - 35 days. The credit risk of trade receivables neither past 
due nor impaired was assessed as remote as historical 
default rates with associated customers are negligible. 
(3,175) 
(4,170) 
Changes in assets and liabilities during the year:  
Decrease/(increase) in receivables and 
prepayments 
1,494 
(984) 
Recognition and measurement 
(Increase)/decrease in inventories 
2,195 
5,065 
Trade and other receivables are non-derivative financial 
assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not 
quoted in an active market.  
(Increase)/decrease in deferred tax assets 
 -  
-  
 Increase/(decrease) in payables 
(548)
(3,405)
3,141 
676 
Trade and other receivables are recognised on initial 
recognition at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, 
trade receivables are measured at amortised cost using the 
effective interest rate method, less an allowance for 
uncollectible amounts.  
Net cash used in operating activities 
(34)
(3,494)
 
 
 
Recognition and measurement 
Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial 
position comprise cash at bank and short-term deposits 
with an original maturity of three months or less, which are 
subject to an insignificant risk as to change in value.  
Contract assets are recognised when the consolidated entity 
has transferred goods or services to the customer but where 
the consolidated entity is yet to establish an unconditional 
right to consideration. Contract assets are treated as financial 
assets for impairment purposes. 
Fair value 
 
 
 
The carrying amount of short-term deposits approximates 
their fair value.  
Impairment 
Trade receivables and contract assets are subject to the 
expected credit loss model. The Group applies the AASB 9 
simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses 
which uses the lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade 
receivable and contract assets. While cash and cash 
equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements 
of AASB 9, there is no material impairment in the current 
year.   
C.4     Non-cash investing and financing activities
 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Additions to the right-of use assets 
1,617 
800 
Additions to the finance lease receivable 
82 
499 
Changes in borrowings 
1,358 
4,690 
Changes in lease liabilities 
(1,800) 
(1,069) 
Shares issued under employee share plan 
36 
36 
Fair value 
1,293 
4,956 
The carrying amount of trade and other receivables 
approximates their fair value. 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 39
C. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
C.5     Other financial assets
C.8     Leases
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
The Group leases various premises. Lease terms are 
negotiated on an individual basis and contain a range of 
different terms and conditions.  
Short term deposits 
748 
751 
748 
751 
The Group has pledged short term deposits of $748,000 (2023: 
$751,000) as collateral for financing and lease facilities.  
Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially 
measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include 
the net present value of variable lease payments that are 
based on index or a rate. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term deposits 
Recognition and measurement 
 
 
Short-term deposits represent term deposits with financial 
institutions for periods greater than 90 days and less than 365 
days earning interest at the respective interest rate at time of 
lodgement. Short-term deposits are stated at amortised cost.  
The recognised right-of-use assets relate to the amount of 
the initial measurement of lease liability. 
A sub lease has been recognised as a Finance Lease 
Receivable under AASB 16 Leases. This reduced the right-
of-use asset on adoption. 
Fair value 
The carrying amount of short-term deposits approximates their 
fair value.  
Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance 
cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the 
lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of 
interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each 
period. Payments associated with short-term leases and 
leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line 
basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are 
leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. 
C.6     Trade and other payables
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Trade payables 
1,552 
1,767 
Taxes payable 
108 
212 
1,660 
1,979 
Recognition and measurement 
Trade and other payables are financial liabilities recognised 
when goods and services are received prior to the end of the 
reporting period, irrespective of whether or not billed to the 
Group. Trade and other payables are recognised on initial 
recognition at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, trade 
and other payables are measured at amortised cost.   
Amounts recognised in the balance sheet 
Set out below is a summary of the amounts disclosed in the 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position: 
Right-of-use assets 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Properties 
2,758 
1,141 
Fair value 
Total right-of-use assets 
2,758 
1,141 
The carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates 
their fair value.  
Finance Lease Receivable 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
C.7     Deferred revenue
Current 
433 
430 
Non Current 
332 
253 
Deferred revenue includes revenue allocated to unsatisfied 
performance obligations in engineering services contracts with 
customers, unsatisfied performance obligations on sale of goods 
to customers and long-term advances received from customers.  
765 
683 
Lease Liabilities 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Current 
690 
752 
Non Current 
2,945 
1,083 
A reconciliation of deferred revenue for the years ended 30 June 
2024 and 2023 is as follows:   
3,635 
1,835 
2024 
2023 
Amounts recognised in the statement of profit or loss 
$'000 
$'000 
The statement of profit or loss shows the following amounts 
relating to leases: 
At 1 July 
1,243 
4,046 
Deferred during the year 
6,666 
7,825 
2024 
2023 
Released to the statement of profit or loss 
(6,579) 
(10,628) 
$'000 
$'000 
At 30 June 
1,330 
1,243 
Depreciation charge of right-of-use assets 
449 
546 
Impairment 
- 
- 
Recognition and measurement 
Interest expense (included in finance cost) 
152 
57 
Deferred revenue is recognised as a liability when consideration 
is received prior to performance obligations being satisfied with a 
customer. The deferred revenue is recognised as income over 
the periods that the performance obligations are met. 
Interest income 
- 
- 
The total cash outflow for leases in 2024 was $485,000 
(2023: $807,000). 

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 40
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
D. DEBT AND CAPITAL
In this section 
This section addresses the debt and capital position of the Group at the end of the reporting period including, where 
applicable, the accounting policies applies and the key estimates and judgements made.  
D.1
 Borrowings 
Page 40 
D.2
 Share capital 
Page 41 
D.3
 Option reserves 
Page 41 
D.4
 Reserves 
Page 42 
Financial and capital risks in this section 
Capital risk management 
For the purposes of the Group's capital management, capital includes contributed shareholder equity. When 
managing capital, management's objective is to ensure the entity continues as a going concern as well as to 
maintain optimal returns to shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. Management also aims to maintain a 
capital structure that ensures the lowest cost of capital, provides a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, 
creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business. In order to maintain or adjust the 
capital structure, the Group may issue new shares or debt. 
D.1     Borrowings
2024 
2023 
• The term of the loan was 25 January 2010 to 30 May
2025
• The loan balance $9.9M was reclassified as current
borrowings under the loan terms in place at 30 June
2021 while it was under renegotiation.
• Orbital successfully renegotiated the loan and received
formal confirmation of a Deed of Variation on 31 January
2023.
• The Deed of Variation changed the repayment due
dates so that the term of the loan was reduced to 31
December 2024.
• The repayment offset options provide the potential to
forgive the entire value of the loan. The offset provisions
are contingent on the Company achieving operational
milestones over the remaining period.
• For the year ended June 2024, Orbital achieved
various operational milestones and reduced the loan by
$1.5M.
Accounting standards require interest to be imputed 
while the loan is interest free. The benefit of extension of 
interest free terms agreed under the Deed of Variation 
($0.3M) is recognised on contract effective date as grant 
income, in accordance with AASB 120 Accounting for 
Government Grants.  
The interest-free loan is secured by way of a first ranking 
floating debenture over the whole of the assets and 
undertakings of the Group.  
$'000 
$'000 
Current 
2,438 
1,452 
Non-current 
-
2,344
2,438 
3,796 
Changes in borrowings arising from financing 
activities are as follows:  
$'000 
At 30 June 2023 
3,796 
Loan forgiveness grant income 
(1,500) 
Interest expenses 
142 
At 30 June 2024 
2,438 
At 1 July 2022 
8,486 
Loan forgiveness grant income 
(4,500) 
Grant income (loan deferral) 
(325) 
Interest expenses 
135 
At 30 June 2023 
3,796 
On 25 January 2010, the Department of Jobs, 
Tourism, Science and Innovation ("JTSI") provided 
the Group with an interest-free loan of $14,346,000 
under the terms of a Deed (Acknowledgment of 
Debt) (“the Deed”). The terms and conditions 
attached to the Deed are as follows:   

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 41
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
D. DEBT AND CAPITAL
D.2     S hare capital
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Ordinary shares issued and fully paid 
 45,203 
 41,380 
Movement in ordinary shares 
Number 
$000's 
At 1 July 2022 
90,996,694 
 37,682 
Issue of ordinary shares 
25,000,000 
 3,968 
Share issue transaction costs 
-
(306)
Employee Share plan 
1,238,610 
 36 
At 30 June 2023 
117,235,304 
41,380 
At 1 July 2023 
 117,235,304 
 41,380 
Issue of ordinary shares 
 28,571,429 
4,000 
Share issue transaction costs 
-
(213)
Employee Share plan 
 250,182 
 36 
At 30 June 2024 
 146,056,915 
 45,203 
Recognition and measurement 
Share capital is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received. The cost of issuing shares is shown in the 
share capital as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. Own equity instruments that are re-acquired are 
recognised at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, 
issue or cancellation of the Group’s own equity instruments. The Company does not have authorised capital or par 
value in respect of its issued shares. 
Holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote 
per share at shareholders’ meetings. In the event of winding up of the Company, ordinary shareholders rank after 
creditors and are fully entitled to any proceeds of liquidation.  
D.3     Options reserve
 
 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Issued Options 
 1,033 
 1,033 
Movement in options 
Number 
$000's 
At 1 July 2022 
 - 
- 
Issue of options 
 17,500,000 
 1,033 
At 30 June 2023 
 17,500,000 
1,033 
Movement in options 
Number 
$000's 
At 1 July 2023 
 17,500,000 
 1,033 
Issue of options 
 - 
- 
At 30 June 2024 
 17,500,000 
 1,033 
During the 2023 financial year, 17,500,000 new Options were issued for nil cash consideration and were valued at 
$1,033,205 using the Black Scholes method of calculation at issue date of 7 February 2023. A volatility rate of 99.8% 
and a risk-free rate of 3.16% was used in the calculation. The options are exercisable at $0.35 on or before the date 
that is 3 years after the date of issue. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 42
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
D. DEBT AND CAPITAL
D.4     Reserves
Employee 
benefits 
reserve 
Foreign currency 
translation reserve 
Total 
$000's 
$000's 
$000's 
At 1 July 2022 
2,665 
(60)
2,605
Foreign currency translation 
- 
2 
2 
Rights issued pursuant to performance rights plan 
(13) 
- 
(13) 
At 30 June 2023 
2,652 
(58)
2,594
. 
At 1 July 2023 
2,652 
(58)
2,594
Foreign currency translation 
- 
2 
2 
Rights issued pursuant to performance rights plan 
- 
- 
- 
At 30 June 2024 
2,652 
(56)
2,596
Nature and purpose of reserves 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
Used to record foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign entities 
from their functional currency to the Group’s presentation currency. 
Employee benefits reserve 
The employee benefits reserve records the share-based payments provided to key management personnel as part of 
their long-term incentive remuneration. Refer to Note F.3 for further details.   

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 43
E. OTHER ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
In this section
This section addresses the other assets and liabilities position of the Group at the end of the reporting period 
including, where applicable, the accounting policies applies and the key estimates and judgements made.  
E.1
 Provisions 
Page 43 
 
E.1     Provisions
Warranties 
Contract 
performance 
liabilities 
Employee 
benefits 
Total 
$000's 
$000's 
$000's 
$000's 
At 1 July 2023 
2,869 
-
1,278
4,147 
Arising during the year 
125 
21 
483
629 
Utilised 
 -  
-  
(646)
(646) 
Expired 
(1,792) 
 -  
-  
(1,792) 
At 30 June 2024 
1,202 
21 
1,115 
2,338 
Current 
1,202 
-
1,063
2,265 
Non-current 
-
21
52 
73 
1,202 
21 
1,115 
2,338 
At 1 July 2022 
2,633 
-
1,307
3,940 
Arising during the 
year 
338 
-
681
1,019 
Utilised 
(11)
-
(710)
(721)
Expired 
(91)
-
-  
(91)
At 30 June 2023 
2,869 
-
1,278
4,147 
Current 
2,869 
-
1,227
4,096 
Non-current 
 -  
-  
51 
51 
2,869 
-
1,278
4,147 
Recognition and measurement 
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation, legal or construction, as a result of a past 
event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying benefits will be required to settle an obligation and a 
reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.  
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a pre-tax discount rate that 
reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the 
provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.  
Provision for warranties 
The Group provides for a provision for warranties for general repairs for two years after its propulsion system 
assemblies ("PSA") are sold. The provision for warranties represents the liability for potential warranty claims 
against the Group and is recognised at the point in time when a PSA is sold. The valuation of the provision for 
warranties is based on the product of the estimated defect rate, the cost of the PSA and the volume of PSAs sold. 
Employee benefits 
The Group does not expect its long-service or annual leave benefits to be settled wholly within twelve months of 
each reporting date. These liabilities are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflow to be 
made to the employees using the projected unit credit method. Expected future payments are discounted using 
market yields at the reporting date on high quality corporate bonds with terms to maturity and currencies that 
match, as closely as possible, estimated future cash flows.   
Other employee benefits expected to be wholly settled within one year after the end of the period in which the 
employees render the related services are classified as short-term benefits and are measured at the amount due 
to be paid.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 44
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
F. OTHER NOTES
In this section 
This section addresses information on other items which require disclosure to comply with Australian Accounting 
Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). This section includes Group structure information and other 
disclosures.  
F.1    Key management personnel compensation
Page 44 
F.2    Related parties
Page 44 
F.3    Share based payments
Page 45 
F.4    Subsidiaries
Page 46 
F.5    Parent entity information
Page 46 
F.6    Auditor remuneration
Page 47 
F.7    Contingent assets
Page 47 
F.8    Contingent liabilities
Page 47 
F.9    Commitments
Page 47 
F.10    Events after the end of the reporting period
Page 47 
F.11    Other accounting policies
Page 47 
F.12    New accounting standards
Page 47 
F.1    Key management personnel compensation
Compensation of key management personnel of the Group 
2024 
2023 
$ 
$ 
Short term employee benefits 
829,522 
1,061,639 
Post-employment benefits 
62,601 
80,864 
Long-term employee benefits 
(108,683) 
21,029 
Share based payments 
-
289
783,440 
1,163,821 
The amounts disclosed in the table are the amounts recognised as an expense during the reporting period related to 
key management personnel. The compensation of key management personnel is included in the employee benefits 
expense in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.  
Refer to table 2 and table 3 of the Remuneration report for KMP share and equity holdings, including performance 
rights.  
F.2     Related parties
Group structure 
Note F.4 provides information about the Group’s structure, including details of subsidiaries. 
Transactions with directors 
There were no transactions with directors during the year. Key management personnel compensation is disclosed in 
Note F.1. 
No other director or key management personnel entered into a material contract with the Group from the end of the 
previous financial year.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 45
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
F. OTHER  NOTES
F.3     Share based payments
2020 
Executive 
LTI Plan 
2020 CEO 
LTI Plan 
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Equity-settled share based payment 
transactions 
   36 
23 
Grant date 
28/10/2020 
4/12/2020 
Expiry date 
30/09/2023 
30/09/2023 
   36 
23 
Share price at grant date 
$1.19 
$1.18 
Fair value ($/right) - Tranche 1 
0.970 
0.980 
There were no cancellations or modifications to awards in 
the 2024 or 2023 financial years. Share-based payment 
plans are explained below:  
Fair value ($/right) - Tranche 2 
0.760 
0.730 
Expected volatility 
70% 
70% 
Risk-free interest rate 
0.12% 
0.13% 
Remaining contractual life 
1.25 years 
1.25 years 
Employee Share Plan  
Model used 
Monte 
Carlo 
Monte 
Carlo 
The Group provides benefits to its employees in the form 
of share based payments in which employees render 
services for ordinary shares in the Group. Under the plan, 
each eligible employee is offered fully paid ordinary 
shares to a maximum value of $1,000 per annum.  
The expected life of the performance rights is based on 
historical data and current expectations and is not 
necessarily indicative of exercise patterns that may 
occur. The expected volatility of performance rights 
reflects the assumption that the historical volatility over 
a period similar to the life of the performance rights is 
indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily 
be the actual outcome.  
For the year ended 30 June 2024, 250,182 ordinary 
shares (2023: 231,969 ordinary shares) were issued on 
19 March 2024 at a market value on the date of issue of 
$35,776 (2023: $35,955).  
2020 Executive LTI Plan and 2020 CEO LTI Plan 
On 28 October 2020 and 04 December 2020, the Group 
issued 717,198 performance rights to key management 
personnel as part of their long-term incentive plan. The 
terms of the performance rights are set out on pages 12 
of the Directors' Report. During the year ended 30 June 
2024, no performance rights issued under the plan 
vested. The share based payment expense recognised 
for the year ended 30 June 2024 was $nil (2023: $nil). 
Recognition and measurement 
Employees, including key management personnel, of 
the Group receive remuneration in the form of share-
based payments, whereby employees render services 
as consideration for equity instruments; that is, equity-
settled transactions. The cost of equity-settled 
transactions is determined using the fair value of the 
equity instrument at the date when the grant is made 
using an appropriate valuation model.  
The cost arising from share-based payments is 
recognised as an employee benefits expense, together 
with a corresponding increase in equity over the period 
in which the service and, where applicable, the 
performance conditions, are fulfilled; that is, the vesting 
period. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-
settled transactions at each reporting date until the 
vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting 
period has expired and the Group’s best estimate of 
the number of equity instruments that will ultimately 
vest. The expense or credit in the statement of profit or 
loss and other comprehensive income represents the 
movement in the cumulative expense recognised as at 
the beginning and end of that period.  
Service and non-market performance conditions are 
not taken into account when determining the grant date 
fair value of the awards, but the likelihood of the 
condition being met is assessed as part of the Group’s 
best estimate of the number of shares that will vest. 
Market performance conditions are reflected within the 
grant date fair value.  
Movements during the year  
The following table illustrates the number of performance 
rights during the year:  
2024 
Number 
2023 
Number 
Outstanding at 1 July 
430,464 
1,549,105 
Granted during the year 
- 
- 
Exercised during the year 
-
(1,006,641)
Lapsed during the year 
(430,464) 
(112,000)
Outstanding at 30 June 
-
430,464
The weighted average remaining contractual life of 
performance rights outstanding at 30 June 2024 was 0.00 
years (2023: 0.25 years).  
The following tables list the inputs into the models used 
for the plans for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 2023 
respectively:   

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 46
F. OTHER NOTES
F.4      Subsidiaries
The ultimate parent company of the Group is Orbital Corporation Limited. The consolidated financial statements of 
the Group include:  
Note 
Class of 
shares 
Country of 
incorporation 
Principal 
activities 
% equity interest 
Entity 
2024 
2023 
Orbital Australia Pty Ltd 
(b) 
(c)
Ordinary
Australia 
Production & 
Development 
100 
100 
Orbital Australia Manufacturing Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
OEC Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
S T Management Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
OFT Australia Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Investment Development Funding Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Power Investment Funding Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Kala Technologies Pty Ltd  
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Orbital Autogas Systems Pty Ltd 
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Orbital Share Plan Pty Ltd 
(a)
Ordinary
Australia 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Orbital Holdings (USA) Inc. 
Ordinary 
United States 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Orbital Fluid Technologies Inc. 
Ordinary 
United States 
Dormant 
100 
100 
Orbital UAV USA, LLC 
Ordinary 
United States 
Production & 
Development 
100 
100 
(a) Orbital Share Plan Pty Ltd was established on 22 September 2008 and acts as the trustee for Executive Long Incentive Performance Rights Plans.
(b) The Production activities are focussed on the manufacture, assembly and delivery of engines and propulsion systems for unmanned aerial vehicles,
and the continuous improvement of propulsion system and component part costs; product quality; and timing of product delivery.
(c) The Development activities specialise in the development of new UAV propulsion systems and flight critical components, including unmanned aerial
vehicle engineering studies, engine mapping, maintenance certification and engineering technical support across the Group.
F.5     Parent entity information
2024 
2023 
$'000 
$'000 
Current assets 
 -  
-  
Non-current assets 
7,661 
7,625 
Current liabilities 
2,438 
1,451 
Non-current liabilities 
-
2,344
Net assets 
5,223 
3,830 
Issued capital 
45,203 
41,380 
Share Options Reserve 
1,033 
1,033 
Accumulated losses 
(43,665) 
(41,235) 
Employee benefits reserve 
2,652 
2,652 
Total equity 
5,223 
3,830 
Profit / (loss) of the parent  
1,541 
4,689 
Total comprehensive profit/ (loss) of the parent entity 
1,541 
4,689 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 47
F. OTHER NOTES
 
 
F.6    Auditor remuneration
Intangible assets 
During the year the following fees were paid or payable for 
services provided by Nexia Perth Audit Services Pty Ltd 
(2023: PricewaterhouseCoopers Australia (PwC)) as the 
auditor of the parent entity, Orbital Corporation Limited, by 
PwC’s related network firms and by non-related audit firms: 
Patents 
Patents, licences and technology development and 
maintenance costs, not qualifying for capitalisation, 
are expensed as incurred. 
2024 
2023 
$ 
$ 
Fair value measurement 
(a) Auditors of the Group
Audit and review of financial reports
 97,638 
273,138 
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is 
measured or disclosed in the financial statements are 
categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described 
as follows, based on the lowest level input that is 
significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:  
Tax compliance services
 20,000 
  50,601 
Other services
-
20,400
117,638 
 344,139 
F.7     Contingent assets
►Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in
active markets for identical assets or liabilities
►Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the
lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement is directly or indirectly observable
►Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the
lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement is unobservable
The Group had no contingent assets as at 30 June 2024
and 30 June 2023.
F.8     Contingent liabilities
The Group had no contingent liabilities as at 30 June 2024
and 30 June 2023.
F.9     Commitments
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the 
financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis, 
the Group determines whether transfers have 
occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-
assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level 
input that is significant to the fair value measurement 
as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.  
 
 
The Group had no commitments that are not recognised as
liabilities as at 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023.
F.10     Events after the end of the reporting period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
There were no reportable events after the reporting period 
end. 
F.12     New accounting standards
F.11     Other accounting policies
New standards and interpretations 
Goods and services tax
The Group has reviewed new standards and 
interpretations and none of the new and amended 
accounting standards and interpretations will 
significantly affect the Group's accounting policies, 
financial position or performance. 
Revenue, expenses and assets are recognised net of the 
amount of GST, except where the amount of GST incurred 
is not recoverable from the taxation authority. In these 
circumstances, the GST is recognised as part of the cost of 
acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense. 
Receivables and payables are stated with the amounts of 
GST included. The net amount of GST recoverable from, or 
payable to, the Australian Taxation Office (“ATO”) is 
included as a current asset or liability in the consolidated 
statement of financial position. 
Cash flows are included in the statement of cash flows on a 
gross basis. The GST components of cash flows arising 
from investing and financing activities which are 
recoverable from, or payable to, the ATO are classified as 
operating cash flows. 

CONSOLIDATED ENTITY DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
AS AT 30 JUNE 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 48
Name of entity 
Type of entity 
Trustee, 
partner, or 
participant 
in joint 
venture 
% of share 
capital held 
Australian 
resident or 
foreign resident 
(for tax 
purposes) 
Foreign tax 
jurisdiction(s) 
of foreign 
residents 
Orbital Corporation Limited 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Orbital Australia Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Orbital Australia Manufacturing Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
OEC Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
S T Management Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
OFT Australia Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Investment Development Funding Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Power Investment Funding Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Kala Technologies Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Orbital Autogas Systems Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Orbital Share Plan Pty Ltd 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Australia 
n/a 
Orbital Holdings (USA) Inc. 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Foreign 
United States 
Orbital Fluid Technologies Inc. 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Foreign 
United States 
Orbital UAV USA, LLC 
Body corporate 
n/a 
100% 
Foreign 
United States 
Orbital Corporation (the 'head entity') and its wholly-owned Australian subsidiaries have formed an income tax consolidated group 
under the tax consolidation regime. 

DIRECTORS’ DECLARATION 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024 
 49
In accordance with a resolution of the Directors of Orbital Corporation Limited, I state that: 
1.
In the opinion of the Directors:
(a)
The financial statements and notes and the additional disclosures included in the Directors’ Report designated
as audited, of the Group are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001,including:
(i)
Giving a true and fair view of the financial position of the Group as at 30 June 2024 and of their
performance, as represented by the results of their operations and their cash flows, for the year
ended on that date; and
(ii)
Complying with Accounting Standards in Australia and the Corporations Act 2001.
(b)
The financial statements and notes also comply with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed
in note 2(a).
(c)
Other than the matters raised in Note 1.J here are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be
able to pay its debts as and when they become due and payable.
(d)
The information disclosed in the attached consolidated entity disclosure statement is true and correct.
2.
This declaration has been made after receiving the declaration required to be made to the Directors in accordance
with Section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001, from the Chief Financial Officer for the financial year 30 June 2024.
On behalf of the Board, 
JP Welborn 
Chairman 
Dated at Perth, Western Australia 30 August 2024 

50 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Orbital Corporation Limited 
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements 
Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of Orbital Corporation Limited (“the Company”) and its controlled 
entities (“the Group”), which comprises the consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 June 2024, 
the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and 
the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, 
including material accounting policy information, the consolidated entity disclosure statement and the 
directors’ declaration.  
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements of the Group is in accordance with the Corporations 
Act 2001, including: 
(i)  giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 30 June 2024 and of its performance
for the year then ended; and
(ii) complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001.
Basis for Opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under those 
standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the financial statements 
section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the auditor independence 
requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional & 
Ethical Standards Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including Independence 
Standards) (the Code) that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Australia.  We have also 
fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code.  
We confirm that the independence declaration required by the Corporations Act 2001, which has been given 
to the directors of the Company, would be in the same terms if given to the directors as at the time of this 
auditor’s report.  
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 
Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern 
We draw attention to Note 1.J in the financial statements, which indicates that the Group recorded an after 
tax profit of $67,000 (2023: $20,000) and operating cash outflows of $34,000 (2023: $3,494,000). As at 30 
June 2024, the Group had net assets of $10,830,000 (2023: 6,938,000) and net current assets of $3,391,000 
(2023: 2,247,000). The Group also had cash outflows from investing activities of $790,000 (2023: 372,000) 
and cash inflows from financing activities of $3,302,000 (2023: 3,888,000). As stated in Note 1.J, these 
events or conditions, along with other matters as set forth in Note 1.J, indicate that a material uncertainty 
exists that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is 
not modified in respect of this matter. 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024 

51 
Key Audit Matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our 
audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. 
Key audit matter 
How our audit addressed the key audit 
matter 
Valuation of Inventories 
Refer to note C.1 
As at 30 June 2024, the Group held inventories with 
a carrying value of $6,916,000, comprising of raw 
materials and work in progress which will be used 
in the construction of engines.  
In accordance with AASB 102: Inventories (“AASB 
102”), inventories shall be measured at the lower 
of cost and net realisable value.  
As at 30 June 2024, the Group recognised a 
provision of $1,664,000 to reduce the carrying 
value of certain items of inventory to its net 
realisable value, as required by Australian 
Accounting Standards. 
We focused on this matter due to the significance 
of the Inventories balance to the Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position and the significant 
level of estimation in determining the quantum of 
the provision. 
There is a risk that inventories are not carried at 
lower of cost and net realizable value and not 
recognised and disclosed in accordance with AASB 
102. 
Our procedures included, amongst others: 
• assessed the application of inventory costing
methodologies and whether this was consistent
with the requirements of AASB 102;
• agreed the cost of a sample of inventory items to
supplier invoices;
• on a sample basis, evaluated the direct labour
costs allocated to engines in inventories by
inspecting timesheets and agreeing the labour
cost to payroll data;
• on a sample basis, recalculated the mathematical
accuracy of weighted average and standard cost
and matched to closing cost per the inventory
report;
• checked the accuracy of allocation of overhead
costs per the basis of calculation determined by
the management;
• evaluated whether inventories were carried at the
lower of cost and net realisable value, by
comparing the cost of inventories in each engine's
respective final bill of material against sale prices
in customer contracts;
• checked the adequacy for provision for obsolete
and slow moving stocks based on future use of
those inventory for production or rework; and
• evaluated the adequacy of the disclosures made
in Note C.1 in the light of the requirements of
AASB 102.
Other Information 
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in 
the Group’s annual report for the year ended 30 June 2024, but does not include the financial statements 
and the auditor’s report thereon. 
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any 
form of assurance conclusion thereon. 
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information 
and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  
If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of the other 
information we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024 

52 
Responsibilities of the Directors for the Financial statements 
The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of: 
a)
the financial statements (other than the consolidated entity disclosure statement) that gives a true
and fair view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001;
and
b)
the consolidated entity disclosure statement that is true and correct in accordance with the
Corporations Act 2001, and
for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of: 
i)
the financial statements (other than the consolidated entity disclosure statement) that gives a true
and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; and
ii)
the consolidated entity disclosure statement that is true and correct and is free of misstatement,
whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, 
or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole is free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted 
in accordance with the Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of this financial statements. 
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located at The 
Australian Auditing and Assurance Standards Board website at:  
https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ar2_2020.pdf  
ANNUAL REPORT 2024 

53 
Report on the Remuneration Report 
Opinion on the Remuneration Report 
We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 8 to 15 of the Directors’ Report for the year 
ended 30 June 2024.  
In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Orbital Corporation Limited for the year ended 30 June 2024 
complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.  
Responsibilities 
The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration 
Report in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing 
Standards. 
Nexia Perth Audit Services Pty Ltd 
Muranda Janse Van Nieuwenhuizen 
Director 
Perth, Western Australia 
30 August 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024 

SHAREHOLDING DETAILS 
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 54
Class of Shares and Voting Rights 
As at 5 July 2024 there were 4,831 shareholders of the ordinary shares of the Company. The voting rights attaching to the ordinary shares, 
set out in Article 8 of the Company’s Constitution, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of 
shares, are: 
a)
at meetings of members or class of members, each member entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy or representative; and
b)
on a show of hands every person present who is a member has one vote, and on a poll every person present in person or by
proxy or representative has one vote for each ordinary share held.
Substantial Shareholders and Holdings as at 5 July 2024 
UIL Limited 
45,278,204 
31.10% 
BONEYARD INVESTMENTS PTY LTD  
21,471,639 
14.75% 
CITICORP NOMINEES PTY LIMITED  
15,869,287 
10.90% 
Distribution of Shareholdings as at 5 July 2024 
1-1,000
2,539 
1,001-5,000 
1,209 
5,001-10,000 
432 
10,001-100,000 
550 
100,001 and over 
101 
Number of shareholders 
4,831 
Total Shares on Issue 
145,584,770 
Number of unmarketable parcels 
  4,820,689 
Top 20 Shareholders as at 30 June 2024 
NUMBER OF 
SHARES 
HELD 
% OF 
SHARES 
1 
J P MORGAN NOMINEES AUSTRALIA PTY LIMITED 
45,278,204 
31.10 
2 
BONEYARD INVESTMENTS PTY LTD 
21,471,639 
14.75 
3 
CITICORP NOMINEES PTY LIMITED 
15,869,287 
10.90 
4 
ANNAPURNA PTY LTD 
3,074,167 
2.11 
5 
HSBC CUSTODY NOMINEES (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED - A/C 2 
2,428,507 
1.67 
6 
MR ANTHONY SHANE KITTEL & MRS MICHELE THERESE KITTEL 
2,000,000 
1.37 
7 
DEBUSCEY PTY LTD 
1,850,000 
1.27 
8 
BNP PARIBAS NOMINEES PTY LTD 
1,777,347 
1.22 
9 
BIRKETU PTY LTD 
1,455,688 
1.00 
10 
MR JOHN PAUL WELBORN 
1,199,380 
0.82 
11 
MR KENT MILLER LOGIE 
1,049,603 
0.72 
12 
MR MICHAEL WILLIAM FORD & MRS NINA BETTE FORD 
1,039,105 
0.71 
13 
BNP PARIBAS NOMS PTY LTD 
930,007 
0.64 
14 
VULCAN INVESTMENTS PTY LTD 
900,000 
0.63 
15 
MR JOHN PAUL WELBORN & MS CAROLINE ANNE WELBORN 
792,287 
0.55 
16 
MAGLO INVESTMENTS PTY LTD 
730,726 
0.50 
17 
TJM AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 
714,286 
0.49 
18 
MR ADRIANO DINO CUGOLA 
700,000 
0.48 
19 
MR GEOFFREY VICTOR DAY 
600,000 
0.41 
20 
BOND STREET CUSTODIANS LIMITED 
583,334 
0.40 
Top 20 Shareholders Total 
104,443,567 
71.74 
The 20 largest shareholders hold 71.74% of the ordinary shares of the Company (2023: 66.74%). 
On-market share buy-back 
There is no current on-market buy-back. 

CORPORATE INFORMATION
ANNUAL REPORT 2024  
 55
ABN 32 009 344 058 
REGISTERED AND PRINCIPAL OFFICE 
4 Whipple Street 
Balcatta, Western Australia 6021 
Australia 
CONTACT DETAILS 
Australia 
Telephone: 61 (08) 9441 2311 
contact@orbitalcorp.com.au
USA 
Address: 210 Wasco Loop, Hood River, OR 97031, USA 
info@orbitaluav.com
INTERNET ADDRESS 
www.orbitaluav.com
DIRECTORS 
J.P. Welborn, Chairman 
S.B. Gallagher 
F.K. Abbott 
G. Lukey
COMPANY SECRETARY 
T. B. Spencer 
SHARE REGISTRY 
Link Market Services Limited 
Level 12 QV1 Building 
250 St Georges Terrace 
Perth, Western Australia 6000 
Telephone: 61 (08) 9211 6670 
SHARE TRADING FACILITIES 
Australian Stock Exchange Limited (Code “OEC”) 
AUDITORS 
Nexia Perth Audit Services Pty Ltd 
Level 3, 88 William Street 
Perth, Western Australia 6000