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UK Oil & Gas Plc

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FY2021 Annual Report · UK Oil & Gas Plc
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Company Registration No:  05299925 

UK Oil & Gas Plc 

Annual Report and Accounts 
For the year ended 30 September 2021 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 

Strategic Report For The Year Ended 30 September 2021 ......................................................................................................................... 3 
Our Business ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 
Our Strategy ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 
Statement From The Chairman ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 
Chief Executive’s Statement ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 
Principal Risks And Uncertainties ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 
Operational Review ................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 
Financial Review ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 
Key Performance Indicators ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 
Reserves And Resources .......................................................................................................................................................................... 17 
Health, Safety And The Environment ....................................................................................................................................................... 19 
Directors’ Section 172 Statement ............................................................................................................................................................ 21 
Corporate Governance ............................................................................................................................................................................ 23 
Directors’ Remuneration Report .............................................................................................................................................................. 30 
Report Of The Independent Auditor To The Members Of Uk Oil & Gas Plc ............................................................................................... 36 
Financial Statements ............................................................................................................................................................................... 41 

Consolidated Statement Of Comprehensive Income  For Year Ended 30 September 2021 ........................................................................ 41 

Consolidated Statement Of Financial Position As At 30 September 2021 ................................................................................................. 42 

Company Statement Of Financial Position As At 30 September 2021 ....................................................................................................... 43 

Consolidated Statement Of Changes In Equity For The Year Ended 30 September 2021 ........................................................................... 44 

Company Statement Of Changes In Equity For The Year Ended 30 September 2021 ................................................................................. 44 

Consolidated Statement Of Cash Flow For The Year Ended 30 September 2021 ....................................................................................... 46 

Company Statement Of Cash Flow For The Year Ended 30 September 2021 ............................................................................................. 47 

Notes To The Financial Statements .......................................................................................................................................................... 48 

Company Information ............................................................................................................................................................................. 71 

Forward-looking Statement 

This annual report contains ‘forward-looking information’, which may include, but is not limited to, statements with respect to the future financial and operating 

performance of UK Oil & Gas Plc, its subsidiaries, investment assets and affiliated companies, the estimation of oil reserves or resources, the realisation of 

resource estimates, costs of production, capital and exploration expenditures, costs and timing of the development of new assets, requirements for additional 

capital, governmental regulation of operations and exploration operations, timing and receipt of approvals, licenses, environmental risks, title disputes or claims. 

Often, but not always, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as ‘plans’, ‘expects’, ‘is expected’, ‘budget’, ‘scheduled’, ‘estimates’, 

‘forecasts’, ‘intends’, ‘anticipates’ or ‘believes’, or variations (including negative variations) of such words and phrases, or state that certain actions, events or 

results ‘may’, ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’ or ‘will’ be taken, occur or be achieved. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and 

other factors that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of UK Oil & Gas Plc and/or its subsidiaries, investment assets and/or its affiliated 

companies to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. 

Such factors include, among others, general business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties; the actual results of current exploration activities; 

conclusions of economic evaluations and studies; fluctuations in the value of UK Pounds Sterling relative to the United States Dollar, and other foreign currencies; 

changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; future prices of products; possible variations in recovery rates; failure of plant, equipment or 

processes  to  operate  as  anticipated;  accidents,  labour  disputes  and  other  risks  of  the  oil  &  gas  industry;  political  instability,  adverse  weather  conditions, 

insurrection or war; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of development or construction activities. 

Although UK Oil & Gas Plc has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described 

in forward-looking statements, there may well be other factors that cause actions, events or results to differ from those currently anticipated, estimated or 

intended. 

Forward-looking statements contained herein are made as of the date of this annual report, and UK Oil & Gas Plc disclaims any obligation to update any forward-

looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or results or otherwise. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements 

will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not 

place  undue  reliance  on  forward-looking  statements  due  to  the  inherent  uncertainty  therein.  Nothing  in  this  annual  report  should  be  construed  as a  profit 

forecast. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

The Directors present their strategic report on the group for the year ended 30 September 2021. 

OUR BUSINESS 

UK Oil & Gas Plc (“UKOG” or the “Company”) is an energy company currently primarily focused upon oil & gas 
exploration and production. We specialise in creating new geological ideas, concepts and methodologies to find 
and produce oil & gas from previously unexplored or overlooked rock formations within established petroleum 
producing provinces.  

Our current operational focus is on the UK and Turkey onshore sectors, where we aim to build a sustainable oil 
& gas production base that can act as a springboard to further worldwide opportunities. UKOG has operated 
safely and environmentally responsibly in the UK since 2013.  

Our current UK onshore portfolio consists of direct and indirect interests in six oil & gas exploration, appraisal, 
development  and  production  assets,  all  situated  within  the  Weald  and  Purbeck-Wight  Basins  of  southern 
England. We are the largest acreage holder in the south of England, with assets covering 689 gross km².  

We hold majority interests in four UK onshore oil & gas discoveries, the most notable being at Horse Hill and 
Loxley in Surrey, together with a significant position in the Kimmeridge Limestone (KL) oil deposit or “play”. UKOG 
holds the largest acreage position within the play’s most prospective area or “sweet spot”, covering 489 gross 
km². 

Our UK oil & gas portfolio contains a good balance of low-risk production, appraisal and development assets as 
well as upside exploration assets within both the Kimmeridge Limestone and Portland conventional plays. 

Our portfolio in Turkey consists of a 50% non-operated working interest in the 305 km² Resan licence in southeast 
Turkey,  containing  the  potentially  significant  undeveloped  Basur-Resan  oil  discovery  plus  further  exploration 
prospects. This project is assessed to contain significantly greater discovered oil volumes than any of our UK 
projects and, if successful, offers potentially transformational growth for the Company. 

Our portfolio, notably Basur-Resan in Turkey, has the potential to generate significant returns for the Company 
and its shareholders. 

The Company is reviewing the potential acquisition of further new international producing oil and gas properties 
which  have  the  potential  to  deliver  potentially  significant  short  term  cash  flow.  These  assets  also  have  the 
potential to become self-funding relatively quickly. 

As a further diversification, we are increasingly active in the newly emerging geothermal energy field, where we 
possess the key subsurface and engineering skills necessary to make such projects work. We have teamed up 
with UK geothermal technology specialist Ceraphi Energy Limited (“Ceraphi”) to evaluate the economic feasibility 
of transitioning a part of our Horse Hill site into a geothermal and solar energy hub. This hub could potentially 
supply heat energy to a defined significant industrial end-user in the area. We are also a founder member of the 
Geothermal Energy Advancement Association. 

As  well  as  standalone  geothermal  projects,  we  are  currently  investigating  the  viability  of  hybrid  energy  sites 
centred around subsurface gas and/or hydrogen storage. These projects are envisaged to  test the Company’s 
hydrogen  battery  concept  to  provide  peak-shaver  power  generation  and  green  hydrogen  generation  from 
geothermal and other renewable sources. Two new prime coastal sites have been identified and are under active 
investigation.  

A review of business activities in the year and future developments is outlined within the Statement from the 
Chairman (page 5), the Chief Executive’s Statement (page 6) and the Operational Review (page 12). 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OUR STRATEGY 

UKOG aims to build a diverse, sustainable and self-funding international energy business which has the following 
strategic objectives: 

Oil & Gas: 

1.  Find and Develop Low-Cost and Long-life Assets   

- 

Continuing to invest in new and existing near-term production assets in the international sector is 
a  key  priority.  New  assets  added  to  the  Company’s  portfolio  must  demonstrate  potential  self-
funding capacity in the near term. Once in production, revenues from these assets will provide free 
cash flow to re-invest and deliver shareholder returns.  

2.  Resource and Reserve Growth 

- 

Building  our  recoverable  resources,  reserves  and  future  production  through  targeted  and 
disciplined high-impact exploration, appraisal projects and acquisitions, both in UK and increasingly 
in the international sector. 

3.  Balance Risk and Reward 

-  Maximising value by ground floor or early entry where possible. 
- 
Judicious use of farmouts to provide operational funding. 
-  Maximising return on investment by actively considering divestment after an asset has been de-

risked, where appropriate.  

Geothermal, Renewables and Hydrogen: 

1.  UK Energy Diversification - Reduce Carbon Footprint of Company’s Existing Petroleum Producing Sites  
-  Where viable, implement geothermal and/or solar energy cogeneration plus battery storage from 

existing wells/sites. 

-  Where viable, add new standalone geothermal and battery storage for grid/heat export. 

2.  Find and Develop New Stand-alone Geothermal and Energy-hub Projects 
-  Ground floor entry, either operated or as joint venture partner. 
-  UK initial focus, international expansion if successful or commercially viable opportunities arise. 
- 

Strategic partnerships with sector technology specialists. 

3.  Hydrogen 

- 
- 

Investigate potential sites for hydrogen generation, storage and hydrogen battery concept.  
Focus  initially  on  the  UK,  with  international  expansion  if  successful  or  if  commercially  viable 
opportunities arise. 

-  Ground  floor  operated  entry  through  planning  permission  stages,  with  possible  subsequent 

strategic partnerships/JV arrangements with a large infrastructure player. 
Strategic partnerships with sector technology specialists. 

- 

Targeted Portfolio Management: 

Continuously review and high-grade our portfolio to either acquire or divest further stakes in existing assets. We 
also look to acquire assets at any stage in the life cycle and are not limited by geography, where we can create 
significant value for shareholders. 

UKOG shares this vision and strategy through internal dialogue with employees and externally with shareholders 
and  stakeholders  via  public  announcements  and  dissemination  of  information  through  our  website  and  the 
Annual Report and Accounts. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
STATEMENT FROM THE CHAIRMAN 

Two years ago, the price of crude oil in the USA was briefly negative. As we approach the end of the first quarter 
of 2022, the picture is altogether optimistic and brighter, with Brent crude surpassing 100 dollars per barrel as I 
write this statement. The uncertainty of oil prices over the last 24 months has thankfully stabilised, but that 
cannot be said of the geo-political picture where any number of dramas could unfold which could alter the mood 
of our industry. 

That  is  why  I  am  excited  by  UKOG’s  pursuit  of  opportunities  in  renewable  energy,  notably  in  respect  of 
geothermal energy and gas storage solutions for hydrogen development. As a country the UK needs to be more 
self-reliant and less dependent on international gas pipelines. Over decades we have allowed our gas storage 
capacity to fall alarmingly. UKOG, a company with multi-faceted ambitions and abilities, is looking at domestic 
projects which could reverse that decline. Additionally, the management team is also considering several other 
potentially  exciting  opportunities  both  domestic  and  international  and  is  proactively  seeking  to  diversify  the 
Company’s portfolio in recognition of the rapidly evolving industry landscape. 

The Company’s gas project at Loxley is in the hands of the Secretary of State after a tortuous appeal process, but 
I hope that common sense will prevail and follow the view of Energy Minister Greg Hands who said: “We will 
always prefer British gas production to foreign imports”. Given today’s mammoth carbon footprint of importing 
oil and gas into the UK, why should the resources directly under our feet, including Loxley, not be drilled and 
developed? 

I have only recently taken on the role of Chairman, but I have had close links with UKOG for many years and fully 
support the efforts of Stephen Sanderson to take on new opportunities in new territories and in new sectors. 
Whilst some private investors may harbour concerns regarding the recent trend in the Company’s share price, 
raising funds from equity remains a necessary part of UKOG’s strategy as it continues funding the forward growth 
of its high priority projects. This will remain the case until such time as the Group is generating self-sufficient 
cash flows from operations. Reserve-based lending is rarely an economic option for junior oil companies primarily 
engaged in exploration and, whilst I have sympathy for any frustrations regarding share dilution, I am encouraged 
that the Company is building a highly desirable and carefully curated asset portfolio with long-term economic 
promise. 

It  requires  a  great  deal  of  specialist  knowledge  and  experience  for  a  business  to  spin  several  plates  in  this 
industry,  however  geographical  and  sector-based  diversification  remains  core  to  UKOG’s  ambitions.  Tireless 
efforts continue to be made in the pursuit of maximising shareholder value, and as ever there is no room for 
standing still. 

I confidently predict a busy 2022 on all fronts, both home and abroad. There will rarely be a dull moment and, as 
we approach the drilling of our first production well in Turkey, let’s hope for an enjoyable and profitable ride. 

Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Non-Executive Chairman, 24 March 2022 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT 

I am delighted to be able to write this Annual Report in a more optimistic environment than a year ago, with the 
Covid-19 pandemic beginning to be brought under control thanks to the creative intervention of science-based 
solutions in double-quick time. 

UKOG  has  emerged  blinking  into  the  glow  of  a  new  world  of  opportunity  as  we  explore,  amongst  other 
opportunities, fresh commercial ideas for renewable energy generation. As was made perfectly clear during the 
COP26 climate change conference in Glasgow last Autumn, the world requires fossil fuels for the foreseeable 
future to sustain our lifestyle and to keep our homes and businesses warm and lit, but we all acknowledge that 
it is vital to move towards cleaner methods of power generation and transportation. 

It is not a case of out with the old, in with the new. More a case of a sensible and logical transition. As Business 
Secretary Kwasi Kwarteng put it, “transition” from oil and gas “not extinction”. 

With this in mind, we have spent time and energy looking at creating an all-encompassing energy hub in the 
south of England for geothermal power generation, where we have identified a prime site for geothermal energy 
and a first-rate end user. Our high-level ambition is to convert part of our Horse Hill well site into a geothermal 
energy hub, having signed a Heads of Terms agreement with geothermal specialists Ceraphi, who confidently 
predict that we could supply more than 200,000 megawatt hours per year of continuous baseload from that site 
primarily in the form of heat energy.  

We  are  also  actively  evaluating  two  potential  sites  in  the  UK  for  hydrogen  generation  and  storage,  to  take 
advantage of the national transition from natural gas to hydrogen for industrial and domestic power and heating 
demands. Part of the project would encompass a new ‘hydrogen-battery’ concept to store energy for use during 
peak power demand, together with ‘green-power’ from geothermal to generate ‘green-hydrogen’. 

These are early days, but they are also exciting ones for the Company as we actively embrace this new world and 
its unique challenges. 

A year ago, we spread our international reach into Turkey having entered an exciting joint venture with Aladdin 
Middle East (“AME”), exemplifying our ongoing strategy of active portfolio management. We are continually high 
grading our portfolio, both by seeking new high potential assets and divesting lower ranking assets, as and when 
opportunities present themselves. In this way we can harness fast-tracked organic growth through the project 
execution stage. 

In this spirit of expanding our horizons we have completed the evaluation of potentially lucrative proven oil & 
gas field opportunities elsewhere in the world, including in the United States, where access to such opportunities 
has arisen from within the Directors’ extensive business network. Should negotiations be successful, there is the 
realistic prospect of adding significantly to both our reserves and cash flow base in the coming year.  

Turkey 
UKOG’s December visit to Ankara for first-time face-to-face meetings with our joint venture operator AME was 
hugely successful and of great benefit to all concerned. Travel restrictions in place due to Covid-19 had prevented 
this trip ever since we completed our Farm-In agreement for a 50% non-operated working interest in the 305 
km² Resan Licence. 

The  Resan  Licence  lies  within  the  SE  Anatolian  basin,  a  geological  continuation  of  the  prolific  Zagros  "fold-
belt" petroleum system within the foothills of the Taurus-Zagros mountains in Iraq, Iran and Turkey, one of the 
Middle East's major oil producing areas. Multiple producing oil fields lie to the immediate west and south-east 
of the Licence, containing significant proven recoverable reserves. 

The recent focus at our Basur-Resan licence has been the acquisition of a 2D seismic programme. This followed 
news  from  AME  that  drilling  of  the  Basur-3  appraisal  well  was  halted  when  the  directional  assembly  was 
temporarily  stuck  in  the  12¼"  hole  section.  Credit  must  be  given  to  AME’s  drilling  team  who  performed  a 
successful recovery or 'fishing' operation to return the assembly safely back to surface.  

With the first phase of seismic acquisition now complete, we look forward to the drilling of a Basur-3 sidetrack 
(“B-3S”)  once  processed  seismic  results  have  been  received.  B-3S  is  located  within  the  north-western 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

structural culmination of the 60 km² Basur-Resan anticlinal structure, with a surface location approximately 1.2 
km north of the 1964 Basur-1 oil discovery well. 

The  B-3  appraisal  well  was  the  first  modern  well  designed  to  properly  appraise  and  assess  the  extent  and 
commercial viability of the Basur-Resan oil pool discovered in the 1950s-1960s. Its primary objectives were the 
naturally fractured and dolomitised limestone rocks of the Cretaceous age Garzan and Mardin formations, which 
are productive at our partner AME’s East Sadak oil field, whose western edge is some 20 km to the southeast 
and along the same geological anticlinal trend. 

AME's and the Company's bid for three new licences in last year's Turkish mini-licence round, announced on 10 
December 2020, was ultimately unsuccessful. The mini-licence round attracted several other bidders including 
the  Turkish  national  oil  company,  TPAO,  to  whom  the  licences  were  awarded.  Although  the  result  was 
disappointing given  the  work  programme  offered  by  AME  and  UKOG,  the  bid  was  always  ancillary  to  the 
Company's main focus of appraising Basur-Resan. 

The Company continues to look for additional projects in Turkey and has reviewed a further new opportunity to 
the  southeast  of  our  Resan  licence.  This  contains  an  interesting  and  potentially  material  undrilled  anticlinal 
feature analogous to both East Sadak and Basur-Resan.  

Horse Hill 
The focus at Horse Hill has been on optimising production and keeping capital expenditure under firm control. 
To assist this, we completed a material purchase of surface production equipment from PW Well Test. A more 
efficient and suitable gas flare has also been installed at the site. 

A  facilities  upgrade  was  completed  in  the  year,  with  modifications  made  in  preparation  for  transitioning  the 
site to automated 24-hour production, together with the installation of the first tranche of permanent facility 
equipment required  under  the  Health  and  Safety  Executive's  Control  of  Major  Accident  Hazards  (COMAH) 
regulations. 

Well intervention operations were completed efficiently towards the beginning of the year. Despite the resulting 
October and November downtime, total Portland oil production during the first quarter was 7,045 bbl. Average 
production uptime was 57% over that period and ranged from 37% during October's main HH-1 intervention 
period, to 85% in November, post-intervention. 

Notably,  the  Oil  and  Gas  Authority  (“OGA”)  granted  two-year  extensions  to  the  remaining  deadlines  for  the 
PEDL137 and PEDL246 Retention Area work programmes in the year, and at the end of 2020 over 162,000 bbl of 
Brent quality crude had been produced and exported from the Kimmeridge and Portland pools. 

Injunction 
The High Court upheld the Company's injunction against unlawful protests at the Horse Hill site. Mrs Justice Falk 
found that there was a sufficiently real and imminent risk to justify the interim injunction order and its revised 
scope,  which  prohibits  trespass  to  the  site's  land,  obstruction  of  the  main  entrance  and  lorry  surfing.  The 
injunction remained in force until autumn 2021. 

Judicial Review 
We were delighted that in February 2022 the Court of Appeal rejected the Judicial Review (“JR”) appeal of Surrey 
County Council’s (“SCC”) September 2019 planning consent for long-term oil production at Horse Hill, 85.635% 
owned  by  UKOG.  The  written  judgement  means  that  the  planning  consent  for  Horse  Hill  oil  production  was 
granted  entirely  lawfully  and,  as  such,  confirms  that  Horse  Hill  can  remain  operational  until  the  end  of  its 
commercial field life. 

This latest judgment in UKOG’s favour comes after more than two years in which Sarah Finch on behalf of the 
Weald Action group has sought to stop the Company’s oil production at Horse Hill. Given that during this time 
five  judges  have  found  against  their  case,  one  cannot  help  but  wonder  why  they  were  permitted  so  many 
repeated bites at the same legal cherry. That seems at very least unfair and perhaps is also somewhat unjust. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

Loxley 
The future of our wholly-owned gas appraisal project at Loxley is now in the hands of the Secretary of State for 
Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (SoS), who has recovered the Company's appeal against Surrey County 
Council's  decision  to  refuse  planning  consent.  The  final  appeal  determination  will  now  be  made  by  the  SoS 
utilising the Planning Inspector's report and recommendation.  

Whilst the Company had expected a decision from the Planning Inspectorate in the first quarter of 2022, the 
recovery by the SoS may lengthen the timeline for an appeal decision. 

The project was refused twice by SCC in June and November 2020, before a virtual public inquiry was held in 
August 2021. 

As questions regarding the UK's gas supply and record high gas prices have risen to the fore in recent months, I 
hope that in deciding the appeal, the SoS will carefully consider how Loxley gas, as a secure domestic source, 
could help address various pertinent national issues, including how the increasing import dependency exposes 
UK consumers to upwards gas price volatility and decreasing security of supply. New domestic gas, such as Loxley, 
could help mitigate this situation. 

Similarly, higher pre-combustion carbon footprint LNG imports could also negatively impact the initial phases of 
the UK's 'Hydrogen Economy' from a net zero aspect, as it is widely predicted that 'blue hydrogen' from methane 
reforming will initially constitute a significant proportion of available hydrogen. 

Domestic gas offers a significant “net zero advantage” in this respect. The Company has stated that, if granted 
necessary permissions, it plans to supply Loxley gas as a feedstock for reforming into hydrogen, fully in keeping 
with the government's net zero ambitions and plans. 

Isle of Wight 
The disappointing, but not unexpected, decision by the Isle of Wight’s planning committee to refuse consent for 
the  appraisal  and  testing  of  the  Arreton  discovery  merely  served  to  underscore  our  growing  interest  in  the 
international arena for oil and gas, and our new direction into geothermal and hydrogen-based energy in the UK. 
The refusal went against the recommendation by the council's planning officers to approve the project. 

We took considerable care and undertook much research to minimise the potential impacts of the site, choosing 
a location 300m distant from the A3056 and adjacent to land with existing non-agricultural commercial uses, 
namely the Wight Farm Anaerobic Digestion Energy Power Station and the Blackwater Quarry for aggregates. No 
objections to the development were raised by statutory consultees on environmental, drinking water, landscape 
or health and safety grounds. 

Given the number of new opportunities available to the Company, all of which are considered to offer far greater 
success case economic impact and higher probabilities of success than the proposed Isle of Wight project, the 
Company has decided not to appeal against the planning refusal. The envisaged £0.5 million planning appeal 
costs will therefore remain available and could be used for developing new oil & gas and geothermal/energy 
storage projects (see New Ventures below).  

New Ventures 
The Company evaluated a number of potential producing oil & gas fields and near-term production opportunities 
in the period with the greatest number being within the United States, where the career histories of the Board 
give privileged access to a broad network of opportunities. A full due diligence evaluation of one international 
property is now in its final stages.  

As stated above, the Company is also currently evaluating the technical and commercial feasibility of two new 
potentially significant geothermal-hub projects together with two hydrogen-hub storage and renewable energy 
projects, one in the south of England and the other in the northeast.  

The Company hopes to bring at least one new oil and gas opportunity and one or more geothermal-hub and 
hydrogen-hub projects to fruition in the coming year. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

Financials 
In tandem with most other similar companies, UKOG relies on the liquidity of its shares to be able to raise funds 
from  equity,  which  it  views  as  the  most  sensible  and  realistic  way  of  funding  the  growth  of  its  projects  and 
portfolio pipeline. However, with UKOG’s wide-ranging activity and interests we firmly believe that the Company 
is progressing towards being self-sufficient in its generation of cash flows. 

During the reporting period, we successfully raised £2.2 million in October 2020 to fund our share of initial drilling 
and  seismic  costs  in  Turkey.  This  was  followed  in  July  2021  when  we  successfully  raised  approximately  £5.0 
million  to  fund  our  remaining share  of  the  Basur-3 appraisal well's drilling, completion and testing costs and 
planned 2D seismic acquisition costs. 

At the same time, we decided to announce an Open Offer to all shareholders to give them the opportunity to 
invest on the same terms as those who participated in the Placing. This resulted in the Company raising a further 
£0.5 million. 

Last summer we also completed the final instalment due under the sale and purchase agreement of the Horse 
Hill surface production equipment from PW Well Test Ltd. UKOG acquired the equipment for a total of £1.65 
million.  

Director Share Purchase Programme 
In May 2021 we announced that the Company was committed to put in place an annual MAR compliant Defined 
Director Share Purchase Programme in which a director commits to purchase UKOG ordinary shares each month 
equivalent in value to a fixed percentage of their net monthly salary. I made my first purchase in December and 
am continuing to make monthly purchases in line with the programme. 

Market Place 
The oil and gas industry has rebounded strongly throughout 2021, with oil prices reaching their highest levels in 
six years. At the time of writing, Brent prices have surpassed $100 per barrel, with concerns about the omicron 
variant of Covid-19 easing. This optimism has been tempered by the worrying events in Ukraine which will have 
a direct impact on our future security. 

Renewables 
UKOG  became  one  of  the  six  founder  members  of  the  newly  formed  Geothermal  Energy  Advancement 
Association ("GEAA") in line with our goals, strategy and ambitions to enter this new sector at birth. We believe 
our membership can help raise awareness amongst policy makers and the public of the benefits of this renewable 
energy  sector.  The  potential  conversion  of  part  of  our  Horse  Hill  well  site  into  a  geothermal  energy  hub 
represents the Company’s first direct step into this sector. 

Board Changes  
We  announced  just  before  Christmas  that,  after  a  thorough  external  recruitment  process,  Matt  Gormley  had 
joined UKOG as the Company's Chief Financial Officer, a non-board position. He was previously Group Financial 
Controller of Shanta Gold Limited and an Audit Manager at Grant Thornton UK LLP. I was delighted to welcome 
Matt into the UKOG team. His fresh perspective from an alternate sector will be particularly valuable as UKOG 
seeks to expand internationally and diversify into green geothermal and hydrogen energy within the UK. 

With effect from 1 January 2022 the board was also restructured, with Kiran Morzaria stepping down as Finance 
Director to become a Non-Executive Director. Allen Howard moved from Non-Executive Chairman to become an 
Executive  Director  of  the  Company  on  a  part-time  basis.  Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor  became  Non-Executive 
Chairman. 

I would also like to take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks and gratitude to Kiran Morzaria for his 
huge influence on the Company. I’m pleased with Kiran’s continuing involvement, albeit on a non-executive basis. 

Stephen Sanderson 
Chief Executive, 24 March 2022 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

UKOG continuously monitors its risk exposures and reports its review to the board of directors (“The Board”). 
The Board reviews these risks and focuses on ensuring effective systems of internal financial and non-financial 
controls are in place and maintained. 

Key Risk Areas 
Key risk areas surrounding our existing business are tabulated below; categorised as being Strategic, Operational 
and Financial. 

Risk 

Strategic risks 

Exposure to political risk, we operate in 
and may seek new opportunities in 
countries, regions and cities where 
political, economic and social transition 
may take place. Political instability, 
changes to the regulatory or taxation 
environment, international trade 
disputes and barriers to free trade, 
international sanctions, expropriation or 
nationalisation of property, civil strife, 
strikes, insurrections, acts of terrorism, 
acts of war and public health situations 
(including the continued impact of the 
COVID-19 pandemic or any future 
epidemic or pandemic) may disrupt or 
curtail our operations or development 
activities and could affect the ability of 
UKOG to deliver to its Strategy. 

Operational risks 

Permitting risk, planning, environmental, 
licensing and other permitting risks 
associated with our operations 
particularly with exploration drilling 
operations. 

Mitigation  

Magnitude and likelihood 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood – Medium 

Through industry associations and 
direct contact, the Company engages 
with Government and other 
appropriate organisations to ensure 
the Company is kept abreast of 
expected potential changes and takes 
an active role in making appropriate 
representations. 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood – High 

During the period the Company 
continued to face several challenges in 
obtaining all the permits that it 
requires to deliver on its strategy. This 
is despite UKOG’s compliance with 
regulations, proactive engagement 
with regulators and communities, and 
the expertise and experience of its 
management team. We believe this is 
because of changing priorities within 
the United Kingdom and the Company 
has sought to further diversify this risk 
by seeking investments outside the 
United Kingdom. 

Exploration risk, the Company fails to 
locate and explore hydrocarbon-bearing 
prospects that have the potential to 
deliver commercially, e.g. key wells are 
dry or less successful than anticipated. 

Oil production, oil is not produced in the 
anticipated quantities from the Group’s 
assets, or it cannot be produced 
economically. 

Analysis of available technical 
information to determine the work 
programme. Risk-sharing arrangements 
entered to reduce downside risk. 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood – High 

Analysis of available technical 
information to improve our 
understanding of the reservoir and 
continue to review cost structure to 
target low production costs. 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood – Medium 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED) 

Operational risks (continued) 

Price and markets, our financial 
performance is impacted by fluctuating 
prices of oil, gas and refined products. 
Oil, gas and product prices are subject to 
international supply and demand and 
margins can be volatile. Political 
developments, increased supply from 
new oil and gas or alternative low carbon 
energy sources, technological change, 
global economic conditions, public health 
situations (including the continued 
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or any 
future epidemic or pandemic). 

Loss of key staff 

Financial risks 

Liquidity risk, exposure through its 
operations to liquidity risks. 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood – High 

During the previous reporting period 
the Group entered into production at 
Horse Hill. The Group determined that 
given its stage of development the 
costs of hedging would be prohibitive. 
The Group continues to will continue to 
keep this under review. At this point 
the Group also continues to review 
costs where appropriate. 

Provide and maintain competitive 
remuneration packages to attract the 
right calibre of staff. Build a strong and 
unified team. 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood – Low 

The Board regularly reviews UKOG’s 
cash flow forecasts and the availability 
or adequacy of its current facilities to 
meet UKOG’s cash flow requirements. 

Magnitude- High 
Likelihood - Medium 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATIONAL REVIEW 

UKOG’s operational activities were concentrated on the Horse Hill oil field, located near Gatwick Airport, and on 
the Resan licence in south-east Turkey, containing the undeveloped Basur-Resan oil discovery. 

Horse Hill Oil Field, PEDL137 and PEDL246 (UKOG 85.635%) 
The  field  and  surrounding  licence  is  operated  by  UKOG's  subsidiary  company  Horse  Hill  Developments  Ltd 
(“HHDL”) in which UKOG has 77.9% ownership. The Licensees are HHDL (65% interest) and UKOG (137/246) Ltd 
(35% interest). 

At the beginning of the reporting period, further well intervention operations on Horse Hill-1 (“HH-1”) were safely 
completed, optimising oil flow by isolating the Kimmeridge perforations, by reperforating the full Portland oil 
producing section, by insertion of a new simplified production tubing string and by setting the downhole pump 
at a deeper level than the existing perforations to increase pumping efficiency.  

The intervention was immediately followed by an ongoing series of multi-week production optimisation trials to 
achieve an optimum balance between oil revenues and water handling and other operational costs. Trials include 
well-cycling (i.e., shutting in the well for a set period each day to reduce water inflow) and pump optimisations. 
The trials continued for several months. 

These  improvements  set  HH-1  up  for  long  term  continuous  and  optimised  oil  production  from  the  Portland. 
Conversion of the HH-2z well to water injection, subject to regulatory approval, plus further infill development 
of both Portland (HH-3 well) and Kimmeridge (HH-4 well) offer significant upside for the Horse Hill field. 

Pressure build-up data was also carried out confirming the HH-1 connected oil in place volumes of 7-11 mmbbl. 

The removal of ancillary third-party rental equipment and the purchase of the surface production equipment 
from PW Well Test Ltd was completed. 

Due  to  the  coronavirus  pandemic  the  OGA  granted  two-year  extensions  to  the  remaining  deadlines  for  the 
PEDL137 and PEDL246 Retention Area work programmes. 

Planned  shutdowns  were  successfully  completed  to  install  new  surface  production  facilities  in  line  with 
requirements  under  the  Control  of  Major  Accident  Hazards  (COMAH)  Regulations.  In  addition,  a  new  more 
efficient gas flare was installed and commissioned successfully at Horse Hill. 

As  of  end-December  over  162,000  bbl  of  Brent  quality  crude  had  been  produced  and  exported  from  the 
Kimmeridge and Portland pools. 

Significant efforts have again been made in managing and reducing operational costs. Recent Brent crude prices 
of over $90/bbl have helped operational cash flow from the field. 

During the period an energy efficiency study was completed for Horse Hill to reduce diesel consumption and 
carbon emissions recommending the installation of 250kW solar PV and 67kWh Li-ion battery storage. Further 
detailed scoping is required during the next period to confirm capital expenditure and timings for the project 
within the overall field development.  

Post period, the Company announced the signing of a Heads of Terms with geothermal specialists Ceraphi to 
enter  into  a  joint  venture  agreement  to  develop  part  of  the  Horse  Hill  site  into  a  geothermal  energy  hub 
(GeoHub). The GeoHub, currently at a conceptual stage, is targeted to generate and supply more than 200,000 
MWh per year of continuous baseload, primarily as heat energy. The project's first phase would aim to supply 
significant industrial end-users in the locality with 100% green heating and cooling plus ancillary green electricity 
and/or hydrogen. 

Turkey, Resan Licence (UKOG 50%) 
In  October  2020,  UKOG  completed  a  Participation  Agreement  and  Joint  Operating  Agreement  with  Aladdin 
Middle East Ltd (“AME”), an independent oil company with 60 years of operational experience in Turkey, to take 
a 50% non-operated working interest in the 305 km² Resan Licence. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATIONAL REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

UKOG  is  taking  an  active  technical  role  in  a  4-well  oil  appraisal  and  step-out  exploration  drilling  programme 
designed primarily to assess the commercial viability of the significant Basur-Resan oil discovery. The transaction 
was approved by the Turkish government and completed in January 2021. 

The  Resan  Licence  lies  within  the  SE  Anatolian  basin,  a  geological  continuation  of  the  prolific  Zagros  "fold-
belt" petroleum system within the foothills of the Taurus-Zagros mountains in Iraq, Iran and Turkey, one of the 
Middle East's major oil producing areas. Multiple producing oil fields lie to the immediate west and south-east 
of the Licence, containing significant proven recoverable reserves. 

UKOG quickly built on this exciting entry into Turkey by submitting an application for three further exploration 
licences covering four blocks, again with a 50% interest and AME as operator. Disappointingly, however, the 
Turkish government decided to award the licences to the Turkish national oil company, TPAO. 

Construction of the drilling pad and access road for the Basur-3 (“B-3”) appraisal well began in March 2021 and 
was completed in May. The Turkish Energy Ministry approved drilling of B-3 in April and well was spudded on 
26th June. The directional drilling assembly became stuck in the 12¼” hole section whilst pulling out of hole. The 
rig performed a successful recovery or ‘fishing’ operation to free the drilling assembly and return it safely back 
to surface. The incident occurred after the well had made good progress, reaching a drilled depth immediately 
above the Garzan and Mardin target objectives, which remain untested.  

AME advised  that,  to  achieve  the  well’s  primary  objective  of  appraising  the  Basur-1  oil  discovery,  a  deviated 
mechanical sidetrack, B-3S, is planned, the existing 12¼” hole section being considered unsuitable for onwards 
drilling. AME further advised that, to ensure the sidetrack is optimally located, they plan to pause further drilling 
until after the acquisition and processing of the new seismic data over the sidetrack’s envisaged trajectory.  

The  B-3  appraisal  well  was  the  first  modern  well  designed  to  properly  appraise  and  assess  the  extent  and 
commercial viability of the Basur-Resan oil pool discovered in the 1950s-1960s. Its primary objectives were the 
naturally fractured and dolomitised limestone rocks of the Cretaceous age Garzan and Mardin Formations, which 
are productive at our partner AME’s East Sadak oil field, whose western edge is some 20 km to the southeast 
and along the same geological anticlinal trend. 

Active  planning  of  B-3S  is  well  underway  and  initial  discussions  with  prospective  drilling  rig  contractors  have 
taken place, with detailed well planning and contractor selection progressing. In the interests of maximising cost 
efficiencies, plans are in place for surplus UKOG-owned casing to be transferred to the B-3S site for utilisation 
during drilling. It is planned that the well will commence upon receipt and interpretation of the fast-track seismic 
processing, 

Good  progress  has  been  made  post  period  by  Viking  Geophysical  Services  (VGS)  in  acquiring  the  2D  seismic 
programme. VGS’ acquisition programme is being overseen by an expert quality control consultant and a first 
tranche of acquisition (Phase 1) has been completed. Priority has been given to process 3 lines covering the B-3S 
area and trajectory plus the proposed new Resan-6 drilling location. Existing legacy data has also been recently 
reprocessed and a pre-stack depth migration process has commenced aimed at sharpening the seismic imaging 
of faults that may be encountered along the B-3S trajectory. 

Loxley, Broadford Bridge, PEDL234 (UKOG (234) 100%) 
The OGA approved an amendment to the PEDL234 Retention Area work programme, wherein Loxley-1 is to be 
drilled by December 2023. 

Following Surrey County Council’s (SCC) initial 29th June 2020 planning committee meeting, SCC decided that the 
Loxley  Gas  project  should  be  redetermined  on  27th  November  2020.  However,  again  contrary  to  the 
recommendation of its own planning team, SCC refused Loxley planning consent. In February 2021 UKOG filed 
an appeal to the Planning Inspectorate, with our leading legal counsel advising that there are strong grounds to 
expect a positive appeal outcome. The appeal was heard via a public inquiry commencing on 27th July 2021.  

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATIONAL REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

Post period, the Planning Inspectorate advised that the Secretary of State (“SoS”) had recovered the appeal. The 
final  appeal  determination  will  now  be  made  by  the  SoS  utilising  the  Planning  Inspector’s  report  and 
recommendation.   

The Company has submitted a further planning permission extension application to West Sussex County Council's 
Planning Committee for its Broadford Bridge-1/1z Kimmeridge oil discovery. 

Arreton, Isle of Wight, PEDL331 (UKOG 95%) 
UKOG’s planning application to the Isle of Wight Council for the appraisal drilling and flow testing of the Arreton 
oil discovery was refused post period. Having taken time to consider, the Company has decided not to appeal 
this decision.  

Other Assets 
Stable oil production with low water cut continues from the Horndean oil field in Hampshire (UKOG 10%).  

Kris Bone  
Operations Director  
24 March 2022 

Matt Cartwright 
Commercial Director 
24 March 2022 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 

Income Statement 
Revenues for the year from sales of oil amounted to £1.56 million (2020: £0.91 million). This increase of 71.4% 
was largely driven by long term oil production having commenced partway through the 2020 financial year at 
Horse Hill, via HH-1. The Group sold 36,664 bbl from Horse Hill and Horndean during the year at an average sale 
price of £43/bbl.  

Depletion, Depreciation and Amortisation costs amounted to £0.69 million (2020: £1.37 million), reflecting the 
stabilisation of production from Horse Hill during the year and the impact of certain assets being fully depreciated 
during the previous financial year. Other Cost of Sales reduced to £1.07 million (2020: £1.17 million). The Group 
recorded a gross loss for the year of £0.19 million (2020: £1.63 million). 

Administration  expenses  during  the  year  amounted  to  £2.10  million  (2020:  £1.76  million).  Following  an 
impairment review carried out as at 30 September 2021, the net present value of the HH-1 well at Horse Hill was 
determined  to  be  lower  than  its  recorded  book  value,  and  it  was  therefore  determined  that  the  value  of 
associated oil & gas properties should be impaired by £1.46 million.  This lower net present value assessment 
was  primarily  due  to  lower-than-expected  flow  rates  at  HH-1  where  production  rates  have  now  stabilised 
following commencement of long-term oil production during the previous financial year.   

An Operating loss for the year of £3.81 million was recorded (2020: £14.1 million). Finance costs amounted to 
£0.89 million (2020: £0.29 million), relating primarily to unwinding of discounts on decommissioning provisions. 
An exploration write-off of £0.95 million was recognised following the Company’s decision not to appeal the 
October 2021 decision by the Isle of Wight Council's Planning Committee to refuse consent for the appraisal and 
testing of the Arreton oil and gas discovery. 

The net effect of the above was a retained loss for the year of £4.89 million (2020: £20.94 million). 

Balance Sheet 
During the financial year to 30 September 2021, non-current assets decreased to £37.68 million (2020: £37.78 
million). This included the effects of an impairment of oil & gas assets at Horse Hill, an exploration write-off at 
the Arreton oil and gas discovery, and £2.11 million of capital expenditure on oil exploration & evaluation assets, 
primarily at the Basur-Resan oil discovery in Turkey.  

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  totalled  £4.73  million  at  the  year-end  (2020:  £1.63  million)  which  contributed 
significantly to an increase  in  current  assets  from  £2.38 million  at  30  September  2020 to  £5.36 million  at  30 
September 2021. Current liabilities decreased to £4.15 million (2020: £5.07 million) following a reduction in trade 
and other creditors.  

At the end of the year, the Group’s net assets amounted to £37.50 million (2020: £34.01 million). 

Cash Flow and Financing 
The net cash outflow from operating activities during the reporting period was £1.41 million (2020: cash outflow 
of £2.77 million). The reduced outflow is primarily attributable to working capital movements and twelve months 
of operating cash flows from Horse Hill in the year to 30 September 2021.  

UKOG raised £7.12 million during the reporting period via the issue of equity (net of share issue costs), which 
was used primarily to fund investing activities (£2.72 million). A portion of the amount raised remained unspent 
at the end of the year. 

As a result of the above, the Group recorded a £3.09 million net increase in cash and cash equivalents during the 
year and had £4.73 million in cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year. 

Matt Gormley 
Chief Financial Officer 
24 March 2022 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS 

UKOG  has  adopted  both  financial  and  non-financial  key  performance  indicators  (KPI’s)  to  measure  progress 
against our strategy. These KPI’s will develop and new ones will be added as we progress our strategy. 

KPI’s 

Production (bopd) 

Operating costs (£/bbl)* 

Operating Cashflow £m 

Year 
(bopd)  140 

2021 

2020 
128 

Year 
(£/bbl)  29 

2021 

2020 
28 

Year 
£m 

2021 
(1.41) 

2020 
(2.77) 

HH-1 entered into 
production during March 
2020. These rates are 
reported on a gross basis 
and as such represent all 
production and relevant 
costs irrespective of 
amounts attributable to 
non-controlling interest 
shareholders of operating 
subsidiaries. 

Group production will 
provide operating cashflow 
to fund our investments and 
deliver shareholder value. 
At this point in time we 
receive production from our 
ownership in the Horndean 
oil field which is not under 
our control and the Horse 
Hill oil field of which we 
own 85.635%. 

Daily and weekly production 
is monitored for all 
producing assets and 
reported to senior 
management. Production 
forecasts are prepared 
during the year to measure 
progress against the 
production target. 

HH-1 entered into production 
during March 2020. Operating 
costs have remained largely 
consistent since production 
from HH1 stabilised. 

Operating cash outflows 
reduced during the reporting 
period as a result of higher 
revenues and working capital 
movements. 

Operating costs per bbl are a 
key focus at our operations 
and the focus for the 
Company is to keep these 
costs low, so as to improve 
cash generation from our 
producing assets. Currently, 
operating costs are in relation 
to our ownership of the 
Horndean oil field (10% 
ownership), which is not 
under our control, and the 
Horse Hill oil field of which 
we own 85.635%. 

Operating costs are 
monitored closely, to ensure 
that budget targets are being 
met. 

Cashflow is key to providing 
funding for investing in the 
business and pursuing our 
strategy. This has to date 
been funded predominantly 
via equity and debt. 

Cashflow forecasts are 
reported to the Board on a 
regular basis, to ensure our 
progress is within our budget. 
Long-term forecasts are also 
provided to ensure that the 
strategy of the business can 
be adequately funded. 

Reason for choice 

How we measure 

* Operating costs exclude depreciation of the oil asset and indirect management charges from UKOG 

Other non-Financial KPI’s 

Reason for choice 

How we measure 

Lost time injuries (LTI & LTI Frequency) 
2021 – 0, LTI Frequency 0; 2020 – 0, LTI Frequency 0 
Health & safety is our highest priority and we look to provide the highest level of protection 
to all our stakeholders 
We track HSE lagging indicators during the year, which are reported to the Board. We aim 
to have zero LTI’s. If we have an LTI it is investigated, and a clear remedial action is 
identified and implemented. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RESERVES AND RESOURCES 

Total aggregate net discovered 2C (mid case) contingent resources and 2P (mid case) reserves now stand at 37.48 
mmboe.  

HH-1 production remains in contingent resource category, while the company waits on the Environment Agency 
Production Permit. Upon the receipt of this permit, the company intends to review the HH-1 production decline 
and attribute reserves to HH-1, thus transferring them from Contingent Resources to Reserves category.  

Discovered  prospective  resources  (i.e.,  undiscovered  but  drill  ready  within  identified  exploration  prospects) 
remain the same as last year, while we seek to resume drilling on the Turkey Basur-Resan licence.  

Table 1: Recoverable Reserves mmbbl: Producing Fields, Gross and Net (as of 31 December 2021) 

Asset 

UKOG  % 
Interest 

1P 

2P 

3P 

Gross mmbbl 

Net Attributable mmbbl 

Horndean 1 

10 

1.02 

1.20 

1.37 

TOTAL (mmbbl)² ³ 

1P 

0.10 

0.10 

2P 

0.12 

0.12 

3P 

0.14 

0.14 

Operator 

IGas 

Notes:  
1.  DeGolyer  and  MacNaughton  (“D&M”)  for  IGas  Feb  2022,  2.  Horse  Hill  reserve  volumes  await  external  CP  verification 
following 12 months of stable production history, see text above, 3. Avington is temporarily shut-in, consequently no reserves 
are attributable, recoverable resources shown in Table 3 below. 

Table 2: Contingent Resources mmbbl/mmboe (i.e., discovered and drill ready recoverable volumes)  

Asset 

Licence 

UKOG 
% 

Gross 
mmbbl/mmboe 

1C 

2C 

3C 

mean 

M47 
b1, b2 

50 

14.9 

30.5 

67.0 

37.2 

Net Attributable 
mmbbl/mmboe 

2C 

3C 

mean 

Operator 

15.3 

33.5 

18.6 

AME 

1C 

7.5 

PEDL137 

85.64 

0.6 

1.5 

3.6 

1.9 

0.5 

1.3 

3.1 

1.6 

HHDL 

PEDL137 

85.64 

PEDL234 

100 

PEDL331 

PEDL331 

PEDL070 
PL211 

95 

95 

5 
10 

0.4 

3.1 

1.4 

6.2 

0.5 
0.3 

1.6 

5.5 

3.7 

6.1 

9.3 

10.3 

2.7 

5.9 

5.1 

0.3 

3.1 

1.3 

1.4 

5.5 

3.5 

5.2 

9.3 

9.8 

2.3 

5.9 

4.9 

HHDL 

UKOG 

UKOG 

10.8 

17.6 

11.5 

5.9 

10.3 

16.7 

11.0 

UKOG 

0.7 
0.8 

1.0 
1.3 

0.7 
0.8 

0.03 
0.03 

0.04 
0.08 

0.05 
0.13 

0.04 
0.08 

IGas 
IGas 

18.6 

37.3 

77.8 

44.4 

Turkey,  
Basur-Resan 4 
Horse-Hill 
Portland 1 
Horse-Hill 
Kimmeridge 6 
Loxley Gas 3 ,5 
Arreton 
Portland 1 
Arreton 
Oolite 1 
Avington 2 
Horndean 2 
TOTAL 
mmboe 

Notes: 
1. Xodus June 2018, estimates for Horse Hill are deterministic based upon per well recoveries, 2. D&M for IGas Feb 2022, 
estimates for Horndean and Avington are deterministic, not probabilistic, 3. Xodus September 2020, probabilistic based upon 
range  of  recovery  factors,  4.  Xodus  June  2020,  probabilistic  based  upon  range  of  recovery  factors,  5.  1  million  bbl  oil 
equivalent (mmboe) = 5.8 bcf, 6. RPS Jun 2019. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RESERVES AND RESOURCES (CONTINUED) 

Table 3: Prospective Resources (i.e., exploration, drill ready but as yet undiscovered recoverable volumes)  

Asset 

Licence 

UKOG % 

Gross mmbbl 

Net Attributable mmbbl 

Low 

Best 

High  Mean 

Low 

Best 

High   Mean 

Turkey, Prospect A 2  M47 b1,b2 
Godshill Portland 1 
PEDL331 
Arreton North 1 

PEDL331 

50 

95 

95 

4.0 

1.7 

0.5 

8.7 

6.8 

2.7 

17.0 

17.4 

7.6 

9.9 

8.6 

3.6 

TOTAL  

2.0 

1.6 

0.5 

4.1 

4.4 

6.5 

2.6 

13.4 

8.5 

16.5 

7.2 

32.3 

5.0 

8.2 

3.4 

16.6 

Notes: 
1.  Xodus  June  2018,  Godshill  possesses  the  same  underlying  Lower  Oolite  potential  as  Arreton  but  this  target  was  not 
reviewed by Xodus in 2018, to be included in any subsequent external CP review, 2. Xodus June 2020 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HEALTH, SAFETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 

UKOG is committed to providing, so far as is reasonably practicable, a quality working environment that is safe 
and one that poses no risks to the health and safety of our employees, contractors, the local community and 
stakeholders.   

The  health  &  safety  of  employees  and  the  public,  and  the  protection  of  the  environment,  are  core  business 
objectives of UKOG. They rank equally with the company’s other business objectives.  

Health,  safety  and  environmental  (HSE)  risks  associated  with  the  business  practices  of  UKOG  are  addressed 
through the effective implementation of our HSE Policy, which is designed to ensure that every person who works 
for UKOG is responsible for ensuring that health and safety is managed in all aspects of our business.  

The Company’s HSE aspirations are: “get it right, first time, every time with no accidents, no harm to people, the 
ecology and the environment”.  

To  achieve  the  identified  objectives,  we  will  ensure  that  all  necessary  and  reasonable  resources  are  made 
available. We will confirm that objectives are being met by reviewing and reporting on performance and auditing 
the implementation and operation of UKOG’s HSE Management System. 

Our full HSE framework is available on our website: http://www.ukogplc.com/page.php?pID=101 

Health & Safety Review 
UKOG, under our operating subsidiary HHDL, has continued production activities at Horse Hill, including safe 
completion  of  well  intervention  operations.  A  new,  more  efficient,  enclosed  gas  flare  with  lower  carbon 
emissions was installed on the site during the period. An energy efficiency study was also completed for Horse 
Hill to reduce diesel consumption and carbon emissions, recommending the installation of 250kW solar PV and 
67kWh of Li-ion battery storage. In addition, HHDL has continued the process of obtaining the full environmental 
production permit, including water injection and additional development drilling, from the Environment Agency 
(EA). The permitting process has taken longer than anticipated with the regulator but award of the permit is 
expected in Q2 2022.  

Well site construction, together with the associated access road, and drilling activities were completed without 
incident by our operating partner AME in Turkey. AME carried out 11 HSE audits of Oceanmec during their drilling 
operations. 

There were no lost time injuries or environmental incidents on any of UKOG’s sites during the reporting period 
or post period. The lost time injury frequency was also zero. 

The EA and Health and Safety Executive made a number of site visits, linked to Horse Hill well operations and 
production equipment. 

A workscope for Horse Hill site modifications and upgrades was agreed with the Competent Authority (CA) under 
Regulation 6 of the Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations (2015) (COMAH). The first phase of these 
COMAH upgrades was safely completed in the period.  

UKOG continues to keep good housekeeping standards on its sites. The Company continuously monitors all its 
live operations for noise, ensuring noise from its sites is kept to a minimum, and is compliant with the levels set 
by the relevant site planning approval. UKOG only utilises service companies that can demonstrate commitment 
to our HSE standards. 

Community engagement 
Any complaints received are reviewed and responded to. Communication links are in place with residents close 
to our sites, who can call UKOG at any time. 

Because of our strict Covid-19 policy to ensure the safety of our staff and visitors, we kept visits to Horse Hill to 
a minimum. 

The Company meets and communicates regularly with local police to give operational updates. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HEALTH, SAFETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT (CONTINUED) 

Route to development 
UKOG  operates  within  a  highly  regulated  industry,  led  by  the  OGA,  a  Government  agency  reporting  to  the 
Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, who among other things are responsible for checking a 
company’s  financial  and  operational  competency  before  issuing  a  Petroleum  Exploration  and  Development 
Licence (“PEDL”) and other regulatory approvals. 

Once a potential site has been identified, UKOG must secure landowner consent and a land lease to operate on 
the land, before the EA assess any risk to groundwater and air quality, as well as the arrangements for waste 
management. 

In parallel with seeking EA permits, discussions with local planning authorities begin. They in turn seek the 
views of the local community and statutory consultees. The Health and Safety Executive also regulates and 
monitors all onshore oil & gas exploration and production activities. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ SECTION 172 STATEMENT 

The following disclosure describes how the Directors have had regard to the matters set out in section 172(1)(a) 
to (f) and forms the Directors’ statement required under section 414CZA of The Companies Act 2006. 

The matters set out in section 172(1) (a) to (f) are that a Director must act in the way they consider, in good 
faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a whole, 
and in doing so have regard (amongst other matters) to: 

•  the likely consequences of any decisions in the long term; 
•  the interests of the company’s employees; 
•  the need to foster the company’s business relationships with suppliers/customers and others; 
•  the impact of the company’s operations on the community and environment; 
•  the company’s reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 
•  the need to act fairly between members of the company. 

As set out above in the Strategic Report the Board remains focused on providing value for shareholders through 
the long term success of the Company. The means by which this is achieved is set out further below. 

Likely Consequences of any Decisions in the Long Term 
The  Statement  From  the  Chairman,  the  Chief  Executive’s  Statement  and  the  Strategic  Review  set  out  the 
Company’s strategy. In applying this strategy, particularly in seeking new projects and developing current ones 
to deliver reserves and resource growth, the Board assesses the long term future of our projects and investments 
with a view to shareholder return. The approach to general strategy and risk management strategy of the group 
is set out in the Statement of Compliance with the QCA Code of Practice (Principles 1 and 4) on pages 23 to 29. 

Interest of Employees 
The Group has a very limited number of employees and all have direct access to the Executive Directors on a 
daily basis and to the Chairman, if necessary. The Group has a formal Employees’ Policy manual which includes 
processes for confidential report and whistleblowing. 

Need to Foster the Company’s Business Relationships with Suppliers/Customers and Others 
The Group continuously interacts with a variety of suppliers and customers important to its success. The Group 
strives to strike the right balance between engagement and communication. Furthermore, the Company works 
within  the  limitations  of  what  can  be  disclosed  to  the  various  stakeholders  with  regards  to  maintaining 
confidentiality of market and/or commercially sensitive information. Our suppliers are fundamental to ensuring 
that  the  Group  can  execute  its  development  and  production  strategy  on  time  and  on  budget.  Using  quality 
suppliers ensures that as a business we meet the high standards of performance that we expect of ourselves and 
vendor partners. Our management team work closely with our suppliers, via one on one meetings and where 
possible supplier site visits and facility reviews to ensure our suppliers are able to meet our requirements. 

Impact of the Company’s Operations on the Community and Environment 
The Group takes its responsibility within the community and wider environment seriously. Its approach to its 
social responsibilities is set out in the Statement of Compliance with the QCA Code of Practice (Principle 3) on 
page 23. 

The Desirability of the Company Maintaining a Reputation for High Standards of Business Conduct 
The Directors are committed to high standards of business conduct and governance and have adopted the QCA 
Code of Practice which is set out on pages 23 to 29. Where there is a need to seek advice on particular issues, 
the Board will consult with its lawyers and nominated advisers to ensure that its reputation for good business 
conduct is maintained. 

The Need to Act Fairly Between Members of the Company 
The Board’s approach to shareholder communication is set out in the Statement of Compliance with the QCA 
Code of Practice (Principle 2) on page 23. The Company aims to keep shareholders fully informed of significant 
developments in the Group’s progress. Information is disseminated through Stock Exchange announcements, 
website updates and, where appropriate, video-casts. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ SECTION 172 STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

During  2021  the  Company  issued  numerous  stock  exchange  announcements  on  operational  issues.  All 
information is made available to all shareholders at the same time and no individual shareholder, or group of 
shareholders, is given preferential treatment. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

Introduction to Governance 
The Directors recognise that good corporate governance is a key foundation for the long-term success of the 
Company. As the Company is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange it also is subject to the 
continuing  requirements  of  the  AIM  Rules.  The  Board  has  therefore  adopted  the  principles  set  out  in  the 
Corporate  Governance  Code  for  small  and  midsized  companies  published  by  the  Quoted  Companies  Alliance 
(“QCA Code”). The principles are listed below with an explanation of how the Company applies each principle, 
and the reasons for any aspect of non-compliance. 

1. Establish a strategy and business model which promote long- term value for shareholders 

UK Oil & Gas Plc provides shareholders with a full discussion of corporate strategy within our Annual Report. A 
dedicated section explains how we will establish long term shareholder value, as set out on page 3. 

The Company is focused around 3 key strategic goals: Maximise production and recovery from its existing asset 
portfolio, grow the asset portfolio through select onshore development and appraisal projects, actively manage 
costs and risks through operational and management control of the entire process of exploring, appraising and 
developing its assets.  

The Management team actively evaluates projects that simultaneously de-risk the current portfolio and create 
long-term shareholder value. Projects are evaluated based on many characteristics to mitigate risk to our current 
activities,  including  but  not  limited  to,  alignment  with  the  Company’s  core  competencies,  geography,  time 
horizon and value creation. Further, a core component of the Company’s activities includes an active dialogue 
with our legal and legislative advisors to ensure the Company remains up to date on current legislation, policy 
and compliance issues. 

Key business challenges and how they may be mitigated are detailed on pages 10 to 11. 

2. Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

UKOG encourages two-way communication with institutional and private investors. The Chief Executive talks 
regularly with the Company’s major shareholders and ensures that their views are communicated fully to the 
Board. Where voting decisions are not in line with the company’s expectations the Board will engage with those 
shareholders to understand and address any issues. The Company Secretary is the main point of contact for such 
matters. 

The  Company  seeks  out  appropriate  platforms  to  communicate  to  a  broad  audience  its  current  activities, 
strategic goals and broad view of the sector and other related issues. This includes but is not limited to media 
interviews, website videos, in-person investor presentations and written content. 

Communication to all stakeholders is the direct responsibility of the Senior Management team. Managers work 
directly with professionals to ensure all inquiries (through established channels for this specific purpose such as 
email  or  phone)  are  addressed  in  a  timely  matter  and  that  the  Company  communicates  with  clarity  on  its 
proprietary internet platforms. Senior management routinely provides interviews to local media and business 
reporters in support of the company’s activities. The Board routinely reviews the Company communication policy 
and programmes to ensure quality communication with all stakeholders. 

3. Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success 

In all endeavours, the Company gives due consideration to the impact on its neighbours. The Company seeks out 
methodologies, processes and expertise in order to address the concerns of the non-investment community. As 
such, it actively identifies the bespoke needs of local communities and their respective planners. For example, 
the company provides for local hotlines and establishes community liaison groups to address local questions and 
concerns. 

UKOG seeks to maintain positive relationships within the communities in which it operates. As such, UKOG is 
dedicated to ensuring: 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CONTINUED) 

• Open and honest dialogue; 
• Engagement with stakeholders at all stages of development; 
• Proactive addressing of local concerns; 
• Active minimisation of impact on our neighbours; and 
• Adherence to a strict health and safety code of conduct. 

As a responsible OGA approved and EA permitted UK operator, UKOG is committed to utilising industry best 
practices and achieving the highest standards of environmental management and safety. 

Our operations: 

• Continuously assess and monitor environmental impact; 
• Promote internally and across our industry best practices for environmental management and safety; and 
• Constant attention to maintaining our exemplary track record of safe oil & gas production. 

For more information please refer to page 19 of the Annual Report as well as the Community section within the 
Company’s corporate website. 

4. Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organization 

Risk Management on pages 10 to 11 of the Annual Report details risks to the business, how these are mitigated 
and the change in the identified risk over the last reporting period. 

The Board considers risks to the business at every Board meeting (at least 4 meetings are held each year) and 
the risk register is updated at each meeting. The Company formally reviews and documents the principal risks to 
the business at least annually. 

Both the Board and senior managers are responsible for reviewing and evaluating risk and the Executive Directors 
meet  at  least  monthly  to  review  ongoing  trading  performance,  discuss  budgets  and  forecasts  and  new  risks 
associated with ongoing trading. 

5. Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair 

Oversight  of  UKOG  is  performed  by  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors.  Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor,  the  Non-
Executive Chairman, is responsible for the running of the Board and Stephen Sanderson, the Chief Executive, has 
executive responsibility for running the Company’s business and implementing Company strategy. All Directors 
receive regular and timely information regarding the Company’s operational and financial performance.  

Relevant information is circulated to the Directors in advance of meetings. In addition, minutes of the meetings 
of the Directors of the UK subsidiaries are circulated to the Board. All Directors have direct access to the advice 
and services of the Company Secretary and are able to take independent professional advice in the furtherance 
of the duties, if necessary, at the company’s expense. 

The Board comprises two Executive Directors and two Non-Executive Directors with a mix of significant industry 
and business experience within public companies. The Board considers that all Non-Executive Directors bring an 
independent judgement to bear. All Directors must commit the required time and attention to thoroughly fulfil 
their duties. 

The  Board  has  a  formal  schedule  of  matters  reserved  to  it  and  is  supported  by  the  Audit,  Remuneration, 
Nomination and AIM Rules compliance committee. The Schedule of Matters Reserved and Committee Terms of 
Reference are available on the Company’s website and can be accessed on the Corporate Governance page of 
the website. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CONTINUED) 

6. Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

The Nomination Committee will determine the composition of the Board of the Company and appointment of 
senior employees. It will develop succession plans as necessary and report to the Directors. Where new Board 
appointments are considered the search for candidates is conducted, and appointments are made, on merit, 
against objective criteria and with due regard for the benefits of diversity on the Board, including gender. 

The Company Secretary supports the Chairman in addressing the training and development needs of Directors. 

As a small company, all members of the Board share responsibility for all Board functions. As such the Board will 
from time to time engage outside consultants to provide an independent assessment. 

7. Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 

The Board intends to carry out an internal evaluation on individual Directors on an ad-hoc basis in the form of 
peer  reviews  and  appraisals.  The  individual  reviews  and  appraisals  are  used  to  identify  group  and  individual 
targets which are reviewed and assessed at the end of the financial year. 

8. Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

The Company is committed to maintaining and promoting high standards of business integrity. Company values, 
which incorporate the principles of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) and sustainability, guide the Company's 
relationships  with  clients,  employees  and  the  communities  and  environment  in  which  we  operate.  The 
Company's  approach  to  sustainability  addresses  both  our  environmental  and  social  impacts,  supporting  the 
Company's  vision  to  remain  an  employer  of  choice,  while  meeting  client  demands  for  socially  responsible 
partners. 

Company  policy  strictly  adheres  to  local  laws  and  customs  while  complying  with  international  laws  and 
regulations. These policies have been integral in the way group companies have done business in the past and 
will continue to play a central role in influencing the Group's practice in the future. 

The ethical values of UKOG including health, safety, environmental, social and community and relationships, are 
set out on page 19 of the Annual Report. 

9. Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making 

by the Board 

The  Company  has  adopted  a  model  code  for  directors'  dealings  and  persons  discharging  managerial 
responsibilities appropriate for an AIM company, considering the requirements of the Market Abuse Regulations 
"MAR"), and takes reasonable steps to ensure compliance is also observed by the Company's employees (AIM 
Rule 21 in relation to directors' dealings). 

The Corporate Governance Statement details the company’s governance structures, the role and responsibilities 
of each director. Details and members of the Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee can be found on 
page 28. 

10.  Communicate  how  the  company  is  governed  and  is  performing  by  maintaining  a  dialogue  with 
shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

The Company encourages two- way communication with both its institutional and private investors and responds 
quickly to all queries received. The Chief Executive talks regularly with the Company’s major shareholders and 
ensures that their views are communicated fully to the Board. 

The Board recognises the AGM as an important opportunity to meet private shareholders. The Directors are 
available to listen to the views of shareholders informally immediately following the AGM. 

To the extent that voting decisions are not in line with expectations, the Board will engage with shareholders to 
understand and address any issues. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CONTINUED) 

In addition to the investor relations activities carried out by the Company as set out above, and other relevant 
disclosures included within the Investor Relations section of the Company’s website, reports on the activities of 
each of the Committees during the year are set out in the Annual Report. 

While building a strong governance framework the Company also tries to ensure that it takes a proportionate 
approach  and  that  its  processes  remain  fit  for  purpose  as  well  as  embedded  within  the  culture  of  the 
organisation.  We  continue  to  evolve  our  approach  and  make  ongoing  improvements  as  part  of  building  a 
successful and sustainable company. 

Board of Directors 
The  Board  consists  of  a  team  of  experienced  multidisciplinary  members  who  are  committed  to  delivering 
shareholder value. 

Nicholas Mardon Taylor, Non-Executive Chairman  
Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor  served  as  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Hurricane  Energy  PLC  from  May  2012  until 
January 2016. He has worked in the oil industry for over 35 years, his first involvement in the North Sea being in 
the early licensing rounds. He was with Hurricane from 2005 to January 2016 when he was the Company’s first 
CFO and was subsequently responsible for the Company’s Environmental Management System. 

Stephen Sanderson, Chief Executive 
Stephen Sanderson joined UK Oil & Gas Plc in September 2014. He was appointed Executive Chairman and Chief 
Executive  in  July  2015  and  in  August  2018  ceded  his  role  as  Executive  Chairmen  as  part  of  improvements  in 
corporate  governance.  A  highly  experienced petroleum  geologist,  oil  industry  veteran and  upstream  energy 
business  leader,  with  over  30  years  operating  experience,  Stephen  is  a  proven  oil  finder  and  has  been 
instrumental  in  the  discovery of  more  than  12  commercial  conventional  fields,  including  the  Norwegian 
Smorbuk-Midgaard field complex.  

Stephen held a variety of senior management roles for ARCO (which was acquired by BP in 2000), Wintershall 
AG (a subsidiary of German chemical giant BASF) and three junior start-ups. He created and ran successful new 
exploration  businesses  in  Africa,  Europe  and  South  America.  He  has  significant  technical  and  commercial 
expertise in the petroleum systems of Africa, the North Sea, Norway, onshore UK & Europe, South America, the 
South Atlantic, Middle East, Asia, India, Australia and the USA. He is a graduate and Associate of the Royal School 
of Mines, Imperial College, London, a Fellow of the Geological Society of London and a member of the American 
Association of Petroleum Geologists.  

Allen D Howard, Executive Director 
Allen  Howard  was  Senior  Vice  President  of  Houston-based  Premier  Oilfield  Laboratories,  having  been  Chief 
Operating Officer of well analysis experts Nutech. Allen also held senior positions with Schlumberger. He holds a 
degree in Chemical Engineering from Texas Tech University and an MBA from Mays Business School in Texas. 
Allen was appointed as Non-Executive Chairman for UKOG in August 2018, before taking up his current Executive 
role at the beginning of 2022. 

Kiran Morzaria, Non-Executive Director 
Kiran Morzaria holds a Bachelor of Engineering (Industrial Geology) from the Camborne School of Mines and an 
MBA (Finance) from CASS Business School. He has extensive experience in the mineral resource industry working 
in both operational and management roles. Mr Morzaria spent the first four years of his career in exploration, 
mining and civil engineering.  He then obtained his MBA and became the Finance Director of Vatukoula Gold 
Mines Plc for seven years. He has served as a director of a number of public companies in both an executive and 
non-executive capacity; he is a non-executive director of European Metals Holdings Ltd and the Chief Executive 
Officer for Cadence Minerals Plc. Mr Morzaria previously served in an Executive capacity as the Finance Director 
of UKOG, transitioning to his current Non-Executive position at the beginning of 2022. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CONTINUED) 

Board and Committee Membership 

Member 
Stephen Sanderson 
Allen D Howard 
Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Kiran Morzaria 

Board Title 
Chief Executive 
Executive Director 
Non-Executive Chairman 
Non-Executive Director 

The Board and its Committees 

Audit Committee Title 

Remuneration Committee Title 

Member 
Chairman 

Member 
Chairman 

The  Board  of  the  Company  consists  of  two  Executive  Directors  and  two  Non-Executive  Directors.  The  Non-
Executive Directors are not considered independent under the FRC Code as they hold options and/or shares in 
the Company. However, the Board considers that the Non-Executive Directors are independent of management 
under all other measures and are able to exercise independence of judgement. 

With effect from 1 January 2022 the board was restructured. Kiran Morzaria stepped down as Finance Director 
and  became  a  Non-Executive  Director.  Allen  Howard  moved  from  Non-Executive  Chairman  to  become  an 
Executive  Director  of  the  Company  on  a  part-time  basis.  Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor  became  the  Non-Executive 
Chairman. 

The Board is responsible for formulating, reviewing and approving the Company’s strategy, financial activities 
and operating performance. Day-to-day management is devolved to the executive directors, who are charged 
with  consulting  the  Board  on  all  significant  financial  and  operational  matters.  The  Board  retains  ultimate 
accountability for governance and is responsible for monitoring the activities of the executive team. 

The  roles  of  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive  are  split  in  accordance  with  best  practice.  The  Chairman  has  the 
responsibility of ensuring that the Board discharges its responsibilities. The Chairman is also responsible for the 
leadership and effective working of the Board, for setting the Board agenda, and ensuring that Directors receive 
accurate, timely and clear information. No one individual has unfettered powers of decision. 

The  Chief  Executive  has  the  overall  responsibility  for  creating,  planning,  implementing,  and  integrating  the 
strategic  direction  of  the  Company.  This  includes  responsibility  for  all  components  and  departments  of  the 
business. The Chief Executive ensures that the organisation's leadership maintains constant awareness of both 
the  external  and  internal  competitive  landscape,  opportunities  for  expansion,  customer  base,  markets,  new 
industry developments and standards. 

The  Board  met  regularly  during  the  year.  Tabulated  below  is  the  attendance  of  Board  Members  during  the 
reporting period. Several of the meetings held during the year were in relation to the allotment of equity and, 
given that these meetings were largely procedural in nature, it was not deemed necessary for the non-executive 
board members to attend. 

Board Member 

Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Stephen Sanderson 
Allen D Howard  
Kiran Morzaria 

Meetings 
attended (out of 
a total possible) 
3/11 
11/11 
3/11 
11/11 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CONTINUED) 

Audit Committee 

The audit committee consists of Kiran Morzaria (Chairman) and Nicholas Mardon Taylor. Prior to 1 January 2022 
the audit committee consisted of Nicholas Mardon Taylor (Chairman) and Allen D Howard. The Audit Committee 
met once during the year. 

Board member 
Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Allen D Howard 

Meetings attended (out of a total possible) 
1/1 
1/1 

The principal duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee include: 

•  Overseeing the Company’s financial reporting disclosure process; this includes the choice of 

appropriate accounting policies 

•  Monitoring the Company’s internal financial controls and assess their adequacy 
•  Reviewing key estimates, judgements and assumptions applied by management in preparing 

published financial statements 

•  Annually assessing the auditor’s independence and objectivity 
•  Making recommendations in relation to the appointment, re-appointment and removal of the 

company’s external auditor 

Remuneration Committee 

The  Remuneration  Committee  consists  of  Kiran  Morzaria  (Chairman)  and  Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor.  Prior  to  1 
January  2022  the  Remuneration  Committee  consisted  of  Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor  (Chairman)  and  Allen  D 
Howard. The Remuneration Committee met once during the year. 

Board member 
Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Allen D Howard 

Meetings attended (out of a total possible) 
1/1 
1/1 

The principal duties and responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee include: 

Setting the remuneration policy for all Executive Directors 

• 
•  Recommending and monitoring the level and structure of remuneration for senior management 
•  Approving the design of, and determining targets for, performance related pay schemes operated by 

the company and approve the total annual payments made under such schemes 

•  Reviewing the design of all share incentive plans for approval by the board and shareholders 

None of the Committee members have any personal financial interest (other than as shareholders and option 
holders), conflicts of interest arising from cross-directorships or day-to-day involvement in the running of the 
business. No director plays a part in any financial decision about his or her own remuneration. 

Internal Controls 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  the  Company’s  system  of  internal  controls  and 
reviewing  its  effectiveness.  The  procedures  that  include  financial,  operational,  health  and  safety,  compliance 
matters and risk management are reviewed on an ongoing basis. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CONTINUED) 

The Company’s internal control procedures include the following: 

• Board approval for all significant projects, including corporate transactions and major capital projects; 
• The Board receives and reviews regular reports covering both the technical progress of projects and the 

Company’s financial affairs to facilitate its control; 

• There is a comprehensive budgeting and planning system for all items of expenditure with an annual 

budget approved by the Board; 

• The Company has in place internal control and risk management systems in relation to the Company's 
financial  reporting  process  and  the  Company's  process  for  preparing  consolidated  accounts.  These 
systems include policies and procedures to ensure that adequate accounting records are maintained, 
and transactions are recorded accurately and fairly to permit the preparation of consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS; and 

• The Audit Committee reviews draft annual and interim reports before recommending their publication 
to the Board. The Audit Committee discusses with the Chief Financial Officer and external auditors the 
significant accounting policies, estimates and judgements applied in preparing these reports. 

The  internal  control  system  can  only  provide  reasonable  and  not  absolute  assurance  against  material 
misstatement or loss. The Board has considered the need for a separate internal audit function but, bearing in 
mind the present size and composition of the Company, does not consider it necessary at the current time. 

UK Bribery Act 
UKOG has reviewed the appropriate policies and procedures to ensure compliance with the UK Bribery Act. The 
Company  continues  actively  to  promote  good  practice  throughout  the  Company  and  has  initiated  a  rolling 
programme of anti-bribery and corruption training for all relevant employees. 

Relations with Shareholders 
Communications  with  shareholders  are  considered  important  by  the  Directors.  The  primary  contact  with 
shareholders, investors and analysts is the Chief Executive. Other senior management, however, regularly speak 
to investors and analysts during the year.  

Company circulars and press releases have also been issued throughout the year for the purpose of keeping 
investors informed about the Company’s progress and in accordance with AIM regulations. 

The Company also maintains a website (www.ukogplc.com) which is regularly updated and contains a wide range 
of information about the Company. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT 

This report explains our remuneration policy for Directors and sets out how decisions regarding Directors’ pay 
for the period under review have been taken. 

Directors’ Remuneration Policy 
The  Company’s  policy  is  to  maintain  levels  of  remuneration  sufficient  to  attract,  motivate  and  retain  senior 
executives.  

Executive Director remuneration currently consists of basic salary, pensions, annual bonus (based on annually 
set targets) and long-term incentives (to reward long term performance). 

The Company seeks to strike an appropriate balance between fixed and performance-related reward so that the 
total remuneration package is structured to align a significant proportion to the achievement of performance 
targets,  reinforcing  a  clear  link  between  pay  and  performance.  The  performance  targets  for  staff,  senior 
executives  and  the  Executive  Directors  are  each  aligned  to  the  key  drivers  of  the  business  strategy,  thereby 
creating a strong alignment of interest between staff, Executive Directors and shareholders. 

The  Remuneration  Committee  will  continue  to  review  the  Company’s  remuneration  policy  and  make 
amendments, as and when necessary, to ensure it remains fit for purpose and continues to drive high levels of 
executive performance and remains both affordable and competitive in the market. 

Annual Statement 
During the year no annual cash bonus scheme was adopted, as the current remuneration was viewed as sufficient 
to attract, motivate and retain senior executives. At the end of July 2020 the Directors agreed to an interim salary 
cut of between 20% and 50% of their monthly salary; this was agreed due to the impact COVID-19 had on the 
Group’s revenues due to a significant reduction in the price of oil. These interim salary cuts remained in place 
until March 2021 at which point previous salaries were reinstated. 

During  the  year  and  as  required  under  the  Pensions  Act  of  2008  the  Company  implemented  an  automatic 
enrolment pension scheme and contributed up to 3% of Executive Directors qualifying earnings. 

Remit of the Remuneration Committee 
The remit of the Remuneration Committee is provided in the Corporate Governance section. 

Share Price Movements During the Year 
The Company’s share price as at 30 September 2021 was £0.0014 per share. The share price range during the 
year was £0.0035 to £0.0012 (2020 - £0.0016 to £0.0115). 

Current Arrangement in Financial Year (Audited) 

Executive  Directors  are  employed  under  rolling  contracts  with  notice  periods  of  12  months  or  less  from  the 
Company. Non-Executive Directors are employed under rolling contracts with notice period of three months, 
under which they are not entitled to any pension, benefits or bonuses. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT (CONTINUED) 

During the years ended 30 September 2020 and 2021 the Directors occupied the following Board positions: Allen 
D  Howard  (Non-Executive  Chairman),  Stephen  Sanderson  (Chief  Executive  Officer),  Kiran  Morzaria  (Finance 
Director),  Nicholas  Mardon  Taylor  (Non-Executive  Director).  The  Directors’  emoluments  for  the  year  were  as 
follows: 

Board Position* 

Director 
Nicholas Mardon Taylor  Non-Executive Director 
Stephen Sanderson 
Allen D Howard 
Kiran Morzaria 
Total Directors 

Chief Executive 
Non-Executive Chairman 
Executive Director 

Board Position* 

Director 
Nicholas Mardon Taylor  Non-Executive Director 
Stephen Sanderson 
Allen D Howard 
Kiran Morzaria 
Total Directors 

Chief Executive 
Non-Executive Chairman 
Executive Director 

Year ended 30 September 2021 

Salary 

Bonus 

Pension 

£’000 
44 
284 
48 
92 
468 

£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

£’000 
- 
1 

1 
2 

Share Based 
Payments 
£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Benefits 
in Kind 
£’000 
- 
1 
- 
- 
1 

Year ended 30 September 2020 

Salary 

Bonus 

Pension 

£’000 
49 
297 
54 
115 
515 

£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

£’000 
- 
1 
- 
- 
1 

Share Based 
Payments 
£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Benefits 
in Kind 
£’000 
- 
3 
- 
- 
3 

Total 

£’000 
44 
287 
48 
93 
471 

Total 

£’000 
49 
301 
54 
115 
519 

*Board positions listed are the positions which were occupied during the financial year being reported. The Board 
was subsequently restructured with effect from 1 January 2022, as detailed within the Corporate Governance 
section. 

As at 30 September 2021, the outstanding long-term incentives, in the form of options, held by the Directors 
who served during the period are set out in the table below. 

At 1 
October 
2020 

Issued 
during 
the year 

Share options 

Stephen Sanderson 
Stephen Sanderson 
Total 

No. 
million 
25 
25 
50 

No. 
million 
- 
- 
- 

At 1 
October 
2020 

Issued 
during 
the year 

No. 
Million 
20.0 
6.5 
26.5 

No. 
million 
- 
- 
- 

Share options 

Kiran Morzaria 
Kiran Morzaria 
Total 

lapsed / 
exercised 
during the 
year 
No. 
million 
- 
- 
- 

lapsed / 
exercised 
during the 
year 
No. 
million 
- 
- 
- 

At 30 
September 
2021 

Exercise 
price 

Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry date 

No. 
million 
25 
25 
50 

£ 

0.0115 
0.0130 

25/05/2017 
27/09/2020 

24/05/2022 
25/09/2024 

At 30 
September 
2021 

Exercise 
price 

Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry date 

No. 
million 
20.0 
6.5 
26.5 

£ 

0.0115 
0.0130 

25/05/2017 

24/05/2022 

27/09/2020 

25/09/2024 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT (CONTINUED) 

Share options 

Allen Howard 
Allen Howard 
Total 

Share options 

Nicholas Mardon 
Taylor 
Total 

No. 

At 1 
October 
2020 

Issued 
during 
the 
year 
No. 
Million  million 
- 
- 
- 

 10  
5 
 15  

At 1 
October 
2020 

Issued 
during 
the 
year 
No. 
million  million 
- 

No. 

4 

lapsed / 
exercised 
during the 
year 
No. 
million 
- 
- 
- 

lapsed / 
exercised 
during the 
year 
No. 
million 
- 

At 30 
September 
2021 

Exercise 
price 

Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry date 

No. 
million 
 10  
5 
 15  

£ 

0.0115 
0.0130 

25/05/2017 

24/05/2022 

27/09/2020 

25/09/2024 

At 30 
September 
2021 

Exercise 
price 

Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry date 

No. 
million 
4 

£ 

0.0130 

27/09/2020 

25/09/2024 

4 

- 

- 

4 

32 

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 

The Directors present their annual report together with the audited consolidated financial statements of the 
Group for the Year Ended 30 September 2021. 

Business Review and Future Developments 
A  review  of  business  activities  in  the  year  and  future  developments  is  outlined  in  the  Statement  From  The 
Chairman (page 5), the Chief Executive’s Statement (page 6) and the Operational Review (page 12). 

Principal Activity and Business Review 
The principal activity of the Group is exploring for, appraising and developing oil & gas assets. 

Results and Dividends 
Loss on ordinary activities of the Group after taxation amounted to £4,833,000 (2020: loss of £20,937,000).  The 
Directors  do  not  recommend  the  payment  of  a  dividend  (2020:  £nil).  The  Company  has  no  plans  to  adopt  a 
dividend policy in the immediate future.  

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 
Information  of  the  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Group  is  included  in  the  Principal  Risks  and 
Uncertainties section of the Strategic Report. 

Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies 
The Group’s principal financial instruments are trade receivables, trade payables, cash at bank, and borrowings.  
The main purpose of these financial instruments is to fund the Group's operations. 

It is, and has been throughout the period under review, the Group’s policy that no trading in financial instruments 
shall  be  undertaken.  The  main  risk  arising  from  the  Group’s  financial  instruments  is  liquidity  risk.  The  Board 
reviews and agrees policies for managing this risk and this is summarised below. 

Liquidity Risk 
The Group's objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and flexibility through the use of 
equity and its cash resources. Further details of this are provided in the principal accounting policies, headed 
'going concern'. 

Key Performance Indicators (“KPI’s") 
KPI’s adopted by the Group are detailed in the KPI’s section of the Strategic Report.  

Going Concern 
The Directors note the losses and cash outflows that the Group has made for the year ended 30 September 2021. 
The  Directors  have  prepared  cash  flow  forecasts  for  the  period  to  31  March  2023,  which  take  into  account 
anticipated production and costs, the forward curve of Brent crude oil and external funding.  

The  Group  closely  monitors  and  manages  its  liquidity  risks.  Cash  flow  forecasts  for  the  Group  are  regularly 
produced based on, inter alia, management’s best estimate of the Group’s production and expenditure forecasts 
and future oil prices. The cost structure of the Group comprises a high proportion of discretionary spend and 
therefore in the event that cash flows become constrained, costs can be quickly reduced to enable the Group to 
operate within its available funding.  

Notwithstanding the Company’s current cash balance and minimal contractual expenditure commitments, the 
Board  are  cognisant  of  the  potential  impacts  of  COVID-19  or  other  possible  unforeseen  events  outside  of  its 
control on the Group. Whilst the potential future impacts are unknown, the Board has considered the operational 
disruption that could be caused by factors such as national restrictions enforced in response to the COVID-19 
pandemic,  factoring  in  these  potential  impacts  and  reasonable  mitigating  actions  to  forecasts  and  sensitivity 
scenarios. 

Taking into account anticipated production and costs, the forward curve of Brent crude oil and external funding, 
forecasts prepared demonstrate that the Group will have sufficient cash funds available to allow it to continue 
in business for a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements. The  
33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS (CONTINUED) 

Company has minimal contractual expenditure commitments and the Board considers that in conjunction with 
equity or debt financing, the present funds are sufficient to maintain the working capital of the Company for a 
period of at least 12 months from the date of signing the Annual Report and Financial Statements. For these 
reasons the Directors adopt the going concern basis in the preparation of the Financial Statements. 

Events After the Reporting Period 
Events after the Reporting Period are outlined in Note 24 to the Financial Statements. 

Corporate Governance 
Information in relation to the Corporate Governance of the Group is contained within the Corporate Governance 
Section of the Strategic Report. 

Suppliers’ Payment Policy 
The  Group’s  policy  is  to  agree  terms  and  conditions  with  suppliers  in  advance;  payment  is  then  made  in 
accordance with the agreement provided the supplier has met the terms and conditions. Suppliers are typically 
paid within 30 days of issue of invoice. 

Charitable Contributions 

During the year the Group made charitable donations amounting to £Nil (2020 - £Nil). 

Substantial Shareholdings 

As at 06 January 2022, the Company had been notified of the following substantial shareholdings in its ordinary 
share capital: 

Number of Ordinary 
Shares 
2,148,165,647 
1,731,921,508 
1,451,439,204 
1,228,568,726 
1,117,483,614 
1,060,037,130 
1,039,533,166 
750,162,712 
550,403,443 
524,815,517 

Holding % 

13.23% 
10.67% 
8.94% 
7.57% 
6.88% 
6.53% 
6.40% 
4.62% 
3.39% 
3.23% 

Shareholder 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited 
Barclays Direct Investing Nominees Limited 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited 
HSDL Nominees Limited 
HSDL Nominees Limited 
HSBC Client Holdings Nominee (Uk) Limited 
Jim Nominees Limited 

Current Board & Directors Interests 

Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Stephen Sanderson 
Allen D Howard 
Kiran Morzaria 

Non-Executive Chairman 
Chief Executive 
Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

The directors hold options to purchase new ordinary shares in the Company, details of which are specified in the 
Renumeration Report on page 30 to 32. In addition, Stephen Sanderson holds 3,470,387 ordinary shares in the 
Company and Kiran Morzaria holds 4,508,178 ordinary shares in the Company. 

Auditor 
PKF Littlejohn LLP has expressed their willingness to continue in office as auditor and a resolution to reappoint 
PKF Littlejohn LLP as auditor will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting (“AGM”). 

Annual General Meeting 

Notice of the forthcoming Annual General Meeting has been enclosed separately. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS (CONTINUED) 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  annual  report  and  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Under that law the Directors have elected to prepare the Group and Parent Company financial statements in 
accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. Under Company law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the 
Group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
• 

State whether applicable IFRS’s have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the financial statements; and 
Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 
the Group will continue in business. 

• 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group 
and Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  
They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and Company and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information 
included  on  the  Company’s  website.    Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination  of  the  financial  statements  may  differ  from  legislation  in  other  jurisdictions.  The  Company’s 
website is maintained in accordance with AIM Rule 26. 

Statement as to Disclosure of Information to the Auditor 

As at the date of this report the serving directors confirm that: 

• 

• 

So far as each Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Group’s auditors are 
unaware, and 
They have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as Directors in order to make themselves aware 
of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group’s auditor are aware of that information. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD 

Stephen Sanderson 
Director 
24 March 2022 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR TO THE MEMBERS OF UK OIL & GAS PLC  

Opinion  

We have audited the financial statements of UK Oil & Gas plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the 
‘group’) for the year ended 30 September 2021 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income, the Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated and Parent 
Company Statements of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated and Parent Company Statements of Cash Flow and 
notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework 
that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and international accounting standards in conformity 
with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and as regards the parent company financial statements, as 
applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.  

In our opinion:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s 
affairs as at 30 September 2021 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended;  
the  group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; 
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and as applied in 
accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies 
Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit 
of  the  financial  statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are  independent  of  the  group  and  parent  company  in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, 
including  the  FRC’s  Ethical  Standard  as  applied  to  listed  entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Conclusions relating to going concern  

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of 
accounting  in  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  is  appropriate.  Our  evaluation  of  the  directors’ 
assessment  of  the  group’s  and  parent  company’s  ability  to  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting  included  a  review  of  the  group  cash  flow  forecasts,  and  challenging  the  areas  of  management 
judgement and estimation uncertainty. Discussions with management surrounding the groups committed costs 
and assessment of those against current cash balances in a disaster scenario, to ensure the group have sufficient 
funds to continue to operate as a going concern.  

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group's or parent company’s ability 
to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are 
authorised for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. 

Our application of materiality  

For  the  purposes  of  determining  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  we 
define  materiality  as  a  magnitude  of  misstatement  that  makes  it  probably  that  the  economic  decisions  of  a 
reasonable knowledgeable person, relying on the financial statements, would be changed or influenced. We also 
determine a level of performance materiality which we use to assess the extent of testing needed to reduce an 

36 

 
 
appropriately  low  level  in  the  probability  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and  undetected  misstatements 
exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole. 

Materiality for the group financial statements was set at £600,000 (2020: £788,000). This was calculated based 
in 1.5% of net assets for the year. Net assets was used as the benchmark for the basis of materiality being the 
key area of relevance to stakeholders in assessing the financial performance of the group in its early years of 
production. The same basis for the calculation of materiality for the parent company financial statements was 
used,  however  restricted  to  £599,999  (2020:  £787,999),  to  ensure  a  level  below  that  of  group  materiality  as 
required by ISA (UK) 600. 

We also determine a level of performance materiality which we use to assess the extent of testing needed to 
reduce  to  an  appropriately  low  level  probability  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and  undetected 
misstatements exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole. Performance materiality for the group 
and part company was set at £390,000 (2020: £472,800) and £389,999 (2020: £472,799) respectively, being 65% 
of materiality for the financial statements as a whole. 

We  agreed  to  report  to  those  charged  with  governance  all  corrected  and  uncorrected  misstatements  we 
identified through our audit with a value in excess of £30,000 for both the group and parent company. We also 
agreed to report any other audit misstatements below that threshold that we believe warranted reporting on 
qualitative grounds. 

Our approach to the audit 

The  scope  of  our  audit  was  influenced  by  our  application  of  materiality.  The  quantitative  and  qualitative 
thresholds  for  materiality  determine  the  scope  of  our  audit  and  the  nature,  timing  and  extent  of  our  audit 
procedures. 

As part of our planning, we assessed all components of the group for their significance under ISA (UK) 600 in 
order to determine the scope of the work to be performed. Those entities of the group which were considered 
to be significant components, being UK Oil & Gas plc and Horse Hill Developments Limited, were subject to full 
scope audit procedures, and those considered to be material, being UKOG (137/246) Holdings Limited, UKOG 
(234) Limited and UKOG (37/246) Limited were subject to audit procedures on significant and identified risk areas 
only, in accordance with ISA (UK) 600 for group reporting purposes. Procedures were then performed to address 
the  risks  identified  and  for  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material  misstatement,  the  procedures  are 
outlined  below  in  the  key  audit  matters  section  of  this  report.  The  remaining  components  were  subject  to 
analytical review procedures. 

We did not rely on the work of any component auditors. 

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of 
the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the 
overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. 
These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

Key Audit Matter 

How our scope addressed this matter 

Carrying  value  and  correct  classification  of 
exploration and evaluation assets (Note 11) 
There is a risk that the assets are incorrectly valued 
or  need  to  be  impaired.  As  Horse  Hill  entered  the 
production  stage  last  year,  there  is  a  risk  that  the 
assets  are  incorrectly  included  as  intangibles  when 
they should be reclassified to Tangibles. 

Our work in this area included: 

•  Reviewing  impairment  workings  prepared 
by management against the criteria per IFRS 
6,  and  challenging  the  assumptions    made 
thereto;  

•  Vouching a sample of additions in the period 
to  supporting  documentation  and  ensure 

37 

 
  
 
they meet the capitalisation criteria per IFRS 
6;  

•  Reviewing  the  effect  of  COVID-19  on  the 
group and the potential profitability of said 
assets; and 

•  Vouched  a  sample  of  exploration  and 
evaluation  assets  at  the  year  end  to 
supporting  licences  and  ensuring  they  are 
valid 

There  are  no  key  observations  outside  of  the  work 
performed above. 

Our work in this area included: 

•  A  review  of  management’s  net  present 
value  workings,  and  challenging  key 
assumptions  made  including  the  discount 
rate,  forecasted  oil  price  and  reserves 
estimates;  

•  Reviewing  the  effect  of  COVID-19  on  the 
group and the potential profitability of said 
assets; 

•  Reviewing the unit of production method of 
depletion and performing a recalculation of 
the charge thereto;  

Carrying value of producing assets (Note 12) 
There is a risk of material misstatement around the 
carrying  value  of  PPE,  whether  any  impairment  is 
required and if the correct assets have been included 
within  PPE  compared  to  Exploration  and  Evaluation 
of Assets. 

• 

•  Verifying  the  mathematical  accuracy  of 
calculations prepared by management; and 
Physically  verifying  a  sample  of  assets  to 
support existence and correct classification. 
Impairment charges were process in respect 
of the carrying value of HHDL following the 
receipt  of  the  Exodus  reserves  estimate 
report.  

• 

Key Observations: 
impairment  assessment  of  the  Horse  Hill 
The 
Developments  Oil  &  Gas  Properties  took 
into 
consideration  an  oil  price  of  $91/barrel,  being  the 
spot  rate  at  assessment.  Forward  curves  provide 
significant differing estimates, and thus management 
have determined this to be the most appropriate for 
this assessment within these financial statements. If 
the oil price were to change, this will affect the value 
in use assessment of the assets and either increase or 
decrease the impairment charge processed. 

Other information  

The  other  information  comprises  the  information  included  in  the  annual  report,  other  than  the  financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained 
within the annual report. Our opinion on the group and parent company financial statements does not cover the 
other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form 
of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 

38 

 
  
 
 
 
whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our  knowledge 
obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a 
material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we 
conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006  

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:  

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements.  

Matters on which we are required to report by exception  

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the 
directors’ report.  

We  have  nothing  to  report  in  respect  of  the  following  matters  in  relation  to  which  the Companies  Act  2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:  

• 

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our 
audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or  
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; 
or  
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or  
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.  

Responsibilities of directors  

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation of the group and parent company financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true 
and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the group and parent company financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the 
group and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related 
to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate 
the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures 
in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, 
including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is 
detailed below: 

39 

 
•  We obtained an understanding of the group and parent company and the sector in which they operate 
to identify laws and regulations that could reasonably be expected to have a direct effect on the financial 
statements.  We  obtained  our  understanding  in  this  regard  through  discussions  with  management, 
industry research, application of cumulative audit knowledge and experience of the sector. 

•  We determined the principal laws and regulations relevant to the group and parent company in this 

regard to be those arising from: 
- 
Companies Act 2006 
- 
IFRS  
- 
Employment Law  
- 
Bribery Act  
- 
Tax legislation  
-  Health and Safety legislation  
- 

Environmental law  

•  We  designed  our  audit  procedures  to  ensure  the  audit  team  considered  whether  there  were  any 
indications of non-compliance by the group and parent company with those laws and regulations. These 
procedures included, but were not limited to: 
- 
- 
- 

enquiries of management 
review of RNS announcements  
review of board and other committee minutes 

•  We  also  identified  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements  due  to  fraud.  We 
considered, in addition to the non-rebuttable presumption of a risk of fraud arising from management 
override of controls, and the information disclosed in the Key Audit Matters section of this report, we 
did not identify any significant fraud risks.  

•  As in all of our audits, we addressed the risk of fraud arising from management override of controls by 
performing audit procedures which included, but were not limited to: the testing of journals;  reviewing 
accounting  estimates  for  evidence  of  bias;  and  evaluating  the  business  rationale  of  any  significant 
transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business. 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including 
those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk 
increases  the  more  that  compliance  with  a  law  or  regulation  is  removed  from  the  events  and  transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. 
The  risk  is  also  greater  regarding  irregularities  occurring  due  to  fraud  rather  than  error,  as  fraud  involves 
intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This  description  forms  part  of  our 
auditor’s report.  

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the 
Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members 
those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest 
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone, other than the company and the 
company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Alistair Roberts (Senior Statutory Auditor)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 

24 March 2022 

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

40 

 
 
 
                                                
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
FOR YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Revenue 
Cost of sales  
Depletion, Depreciation and Amortisation 
Other Cost of Sales 

Gross loss 

Operating expenses 
Administrative expenses 
Impairment expense 
Foreign exchange losses 

Operating loss 

Finance Cost 
Exploration Write-off 

Loss before taxation 

Taxation 

Retained loss for the year  

Retained loss attributable to; 
Equity holders of the Parent 
Non-Controlling Interests 

Notes 

30 Sep 2021 
£’000 

30 Sep 2020 
£’000 

6 

1,562 

908 

(684) 
(1,067) 

(1,367) 
(1,171) 

(189) 

(1,630) 

(2,098) 
(1,456) 
(62) 

(1,755) 
(10,652) 
(16) 

(3,805) 

(14,053) 

(89) 
(946) 

(286) 
(6,598) 

(4,840) 

(20,937) 

12 

6 

8 
11 

9 

(43) 

- 

(4,883) 

(20,937) 

(4,492) 
(391) 
(4,883) 

(20,937) 
- 
(20,937) 

There are no other comprehensive income or expenses during the two reported periods to disclose. 

All operations are continuing. 

Earnings per share 

Basic and diluted 

Pence 

Pence 

10 

(0.03) 

(0.24) 

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements.  

41 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Exploration & evaluation assets 
Decommissioning Asset 
Oil & Gas properties 
Property, Plant & Equipment 

Total non-current assets   

Current assets 
Inventory 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets   

Total Assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 

Total current liabilities 

Non-current Liabilities 
Provisions 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net Assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium account 
Share based payment reserve 
Accumulated losses 

Non-controlling interest 

Total shareholders' equity  

Notes 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

11 
11 
12 
12 

14 
15 
16 

30,420 
95 
5,472 
1,690 

29,259 
285 
6,380 
1,852 

37,677 

37,776 

2 
627 
4,727 

5,356 

1 
742 
1,634 

2,378 

43,033 

40,154 

17 
18 

(1,067) 
(3,087) 

(1,981) 
(3,084) 

(4,154) 

(5,065) 

19 

(1,376) 

(1,031) 

(1,376) 

(1,031) 

(5,530) 

(6,096) 

37,503 

34,058 

20 

21 

13,208 
107,097 
2,056 
(84,580) 
37,781 
(278) 

12,694 
99,528 
1,811 
(80,088) 
33,945 
113 

37,503 

34,058 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 24 March 2022 and are signed on 
its behalf by: 

Stephen Sanderson 
Director   

Allen Howard 
Director 

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

42 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Exploration & evaluation assets 
Investment in subsidiary companies 
Property, Plant and Equipment 

Total non-current assets   

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Intercompany balances 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets   

Total Assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables   

Total Current Liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net Assets 

Shareholders’ Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium account 
Share based payment reserve 
Accumulated losses 

Total shareholders' equity  

Notes 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

11 
13 
12 

15 

16 

17 

20 

21 

823 
26,242 
1,632 

1,644 
21,406 
1,773 

28,697 

24,823 

308 
21,727 
4,146 

546 
26,690 
1,346 

26,181 

28,583 

54,878 

53,406 

(330) 

(330) 

(330) 

(1,419) 

(1,419) 

(1,419) 

54,548 

51,986 

13,208 
107,097 
2,056 
(67,813) 

12,694 
99,528 
1,811 
(62,046) 

54,548 

51,986 

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the profit and loss account of the parent company has 
not been separately presented in these accounts. The parent company loss for the year was £5,766,000 (2020: 
loss £15,378,000). 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 24 March 2022 and are signed on its 
behalf by: 

Stephen Sanderson 
Director   

Registered number: 05299925 

Allen Howard 
Director 

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

43 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Balance at 1 October 2019 

Loss for the year 

Total comprehensive income 

Issue of shares 
Cost of share issue 

Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 30 September 2020 

Loss for the year 

Total comprehensive income 

Issue of shares 

Cost of share issue 
Warrants exercised 
Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 30 September 2021 

Share capital 

Share premium 

Share based 
payment reserve 

Accumulated 
losses  

 £’000  

12,250 

- 

- 

444 
- 

444 

12,694 

- 

- 

507 

- 
7 
514 

 £’000  

85,773 

- 

- 

14,240 
(485) 

13,755 

99,528 

- 

- 

8,231 

(765) 
103 
7,569 

13,208 

107,097 

 £’000  

1,811 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

1,811 

- 

- 

- 

245 
- 
245 

2,056 

 £’000  

(59,153) 

(20,937) 

(20,937) 

- 
- 

- 

(80,088) 

(4,492) 

(4,492) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

(84,580) 

Total 

 £’000  

40,681 

(20,937) 

(20,937) 

14,684 
(485) 

14,199 

33,945 

(4,492) 

(4,492) 

8,738 

(520) 
110 
8,328 

37,781 

Non Controlling 
Interests 
£’000 

113 

- 

- 
- 

- 

113 

(391) 

(391) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

(278) 

Total 

 £’000  

40,794 

(20,937) 

(20,937) 

14,684 
(485) 

14,199 

34,058 

(4,883) 

(4,883) 

8,738 

(520) 
110 
8,328 

37,503 

44 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Balance at 1 October 2019 
Loss for the year 

Total comprehensive income 

Issue of shares 

Cost of share issue 

Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 30 September 2020 

Loss for the year 

Total comprehensive income 

Issue of shares 
Cost of share issue 
Warrants exercised 

Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 30 September 2021 

Share capital 
 £’000  

Share premium 
 £’000  

Share based 
payment reserve 
 £’000  

Accumulated 
losses  
 £’000  

12,250 
- 

-  

444 

- 

444 

12,694 

507 
- 
7 

514 

85,773 
- 

-  

14,240 

(485) 

13,755 

99,528 

8,231 
(765) 
103 

7,569 

1,811 
- 

-  

- 

- 

- 

1,811 

- 
245 
- 

245 

(46,669) 
(15,378) 

(15,378) 

- 

- 

- 

(62,047) 

(5,766) 

(5,766) 

- 
- 
- 

- 

13,208 

107,097 

2,056 

(67,813) 

Total 
 £’000  

53,165 
(15,378) 

(15,378) 

14,684 

(485) 

14,199 

51,986 

(5,766) 

(5,766) 

8,738 
(520) 
110 

8,328 

54,548 

45 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss before tax 
Depletion & impairment 
Exploration write-off 
Cash movement on provisions 
Increase in inventories 
Decrease in trade & other receivables 
Increase / (decrease) in trade & other payables 
Finance cost 
Taxation paid 
Net cash outflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Expenditures on exploration & evaluation assets 
Expenditures on oil & gas properties 
Expenditures on plant, property & equipment 
Net cash outflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Share issue costs 
Warrants exercised 
Loan transaction fees 
Repayments of convertible loan note 
Convertible loan financing fees 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 

2021 
£’000 

(4,840) 
2,140 
946 
- 
(1) 
115 
187 
89 
(43) 
(1,407) 

(2,107) 
(594) 
(17) 
(2,718) 

7,638 
(520) 
110 
(10) 
- 
- 
7,218 

3,093 

1,634 

4,727 

2020 
£’000 

(20,937) 
11,995 
6,598 
(8) 
(1) 
437 
(1,142) 
286 
- 
(2,773) 

(7,360) 
(4) 
(371) 
(7,735) 

7,734 
(485) 
- 
- 
(1,825) 
(175) 
5,249 

(5,258) 

6,892 

1,634 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss before tax 
Depletion & impairment 
Decrease / (increase) in trade & other receivables 
Increase / (decrease) in trade & other payables 
Interest income 
Finance cost 
Net cash (outflow) from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Expenditures on exploration & evaluation assets 
Expenditures on property, plant & equipment 
Loan advanced to subsidiary 
Net cash (outflow) from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Share issue costs 
Warrants exercised 
Loan transaction fees 
Repayments of convertible loan note 
Convertible loan financing fees 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 

2021 
£’000 

(5,766) 
4,163 
239 
10 
(16) 
10 
(1,360) 

- 
(4) 
(3,054) 
(3,058) 

7,638 
(520) 
110 
(10) 
- 
- 
7,218 

2,800 

1,346 

4,146 

2020 
£’000 

(15,378) 
14,226 
(236) 
(111) 
(473) 
175 
(1,797) 

(645) 
(324) 
(7,332) 
(8,302) 

7,734 
(485) 
- 
- 
(1,825) 
(175) 
5,294 

(4,850) 

6,196 

1,346 

47 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.  Corporate Information 
The consolidated financial statements of UK Oil & Gas Plc (the Company) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the 
Group), for the year ended 30 September 2021 were authorised for issue by the directors on 24 March 2022.  UK 
Oil & Gas Plc (the Company & parent) is a public limited company incorporated and registered in the United 
Kingdom and listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM). The registered office is located at The Broadgate 
Towers, 20 Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EW.   

The  Group  is  principally  engaged  in  oil  production  and  oil  &  gas  exploration  and  evaluation  (see  Note  4). 
Information on the Group’s structure is provided in Note 13 and information on other related parties is provided 
in Note 25. 

2.  Principal Accounting Policies 

a)  Basis of preparation 
The consolidated financial statements of the UK Oil & Gas Plc (the Company) and subsidiaries (the Group) have 
been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standards in conformity with the requirements of 
the Companies Act 2006 ("IFRSs") as they apply to the Group for the year ended 30 September 2021 and with 
the Companies Act 2006.   

The accounting policies have been applied consistently throughout the preparation of these financial statements, 
the financial report is presented in Pound Sterling (£) and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand pounds 
(£‘000)  unless  otherwise  stated.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  provide  comparative  information  in 
respect of the previous period. 

Subsidiary Undertakings Exempt from Audit 
UK  Oil  &  Gas  Plc  has  guaranteed  the  liabilities  of  the  subsidiaries  listed  below  under  section  479A  of  the 
Companies Act 2006 in respect of the year ended 30 September 2021. 

UKOG (234) Ltd - 07055133 
UKOG (GB) Limited - 04050227 
UKOG Solent Limited - 0500092 
UKOG Weald Limited - 04881234 
UKOG (137/246) Holdings Ltd - 09010542 
UKOG (137/246) Ltd - 06807023 
UK Oil & Gas Investments Ltd - 11252712 
UKOG Turkey Ltd – 10212262 
UK Geothermal Ltd - 13386906 

New and Amended Standards and Interpretations 
During the year, the Group adopted the following new and amended IFRSs for the first time for the reporting 
period commencing 1 October 2020: 

•  Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8: Definition of material  
•  Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards  

There  is  no  material  impact  on  the  financial  statements  following  the  adoption  of  these  new  standards  and 
interpretations. 

New Standards and interpretations Not Yet Adopted 
Certain  new  standards,  interpretations  and  amendments  to  existing  standards  have  been  published  that  are 
effective for reporting periods starting 1 October 2021.  These have not been early adopted by the Group and 
are not expected to have a material impact on the entity in the current or future reporting periods: 

•  Amendments to IFRS 3: Business Combinations – Reference to the Conceptual Framework  
•  Amendments to IAS 16: Property Plant and Equipment  
•  Amendments to IAS 37: Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets  
•  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2.     Principal Accounting Policies (continued) 

•  Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16: Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2 
•  Amendment to IFRS 16 Leases – Covid 19 Related Rent Concessions  

b)  Going Concern 
The Directors note the losses and cash outflows that the Group has made for the year ended 30 September 2021. 
The  Directors  have  prepared  cash  flow  forecasts  for  the  period  to  31  March  2023,  which  take  into  account 
anticipated production and costs, the forward curve of Brent crude oil and external funding.  

The  Group  closely  monitors  and  manages  its  liquidity  risks.  Cash  flow  forecasts  for  the  Group  are  regularly 
produced based on, inter alia, management’s best estimate of the Group’s production and expenditure forecasts 
and future oil prices. The cost structure of the Group comprises a high proportion of discretionary spend and 
therefore in the event that cash flows become constrained, costs can be quickly reduced to enable the Group to 
operate within its available funding.  

Notwithstanding the Company’s current cash balance and minimal contractual expenditure commitments, the 
Board  are  cognisant  of  the  potential  impacts  of  COVID-19  or  other  possible  unforeseen  events  outside  of  its 
control on the Group. Whilst the potential future impacts are unknown, the Board has considered the operational 
disruption that could be caused by factors such as national restrictions enforced in response to the COVID-19 
pandemic,  factoring  in  these  potential  impacts  and  reasonable  mitigating  actions  to  forecasts  and  sensitivity 
scenarios. 

The Group’s base case going concern model was run with average oil prices of $82/bbl to March 2023. There is 
a high degree of uncertainty around these forward rates. Taking into account anticipated production and costs, 
the forward curve of Brent crude oil and external funding, these forecasts demonstrate that the Group will have 
sufficient cash funds available to allow it to continue in business for a period of at least twelve months from the 
date of approval of these financial statements. Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a 
going concern basis. 

It is the prime responsibility of the Board to ensure the Group remains a going concern. At 31 September 2021 
the Company had cash and cash equivalents of £4,727,000 and borrowings of £3,087,000. These borrowings are 
due  by  the  Company’s  subsidiary,  Horse  Hill  Developments  Ltd,  to  its  shareholders.  There  is  no  repayment 
schedule associated with this loan and repayment is determined by the directors of Horse Hill Developments Ltd. 
The  intent  is  to  repay  this  loan  from  the  free  cash  flow  generated  from  the  HH-1  well  or  any  other  further 
developments  on  the  licence  areas  of  Horse  Hill  Developments  Ltd.  The  Company  has  minimal  contractual 
expenditure commitments and the Board considers that in conjunction with equity or debt financing, the present 
funds are sufficient to maintain the working capital of the Company for a period of at least 12 months from the 
date of signing the Annual Report and Financial Statements. For these reasons the Directors adopt the going 
concern basis in the preparation of the Financial Statements. 

c)  Basis of consolidation 
Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which the Group has control. The Group controls 
an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity 
and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated 
from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control 
ceases.  All  intercompany  transactions  and  balances  between  Group  companies,  including  unrealised  profits 
arising from them, are eliminated in full.   

At  30  September  2021,  the  Group  comprised  the  Company  and  entities  controlled  by  UK  Oil  &  Gas  Plc  (its 
subsidiaries) (note 13). No new subsidiaries were acquired during the year, and none were dissolved / struck off 
or liquidated.  

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

 Business combinations  

d) 
The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for all business combinations, regardless of whether 
equity instruments or other assets are acquired. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary 
comprises the: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

fair values of the assets transferred 
liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquired business 
equity interests issued by the group 
fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement, and 
fair value of any pre-existing equity interest in the subsidiary. 

Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are, with 
limited exceptions, measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. The group recognises any non-
controlling interest in the acquired entity on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis either at fair value or at the non-
controlling  interest’s  proportionate  share  of  the  acquired  entity’s  net  identifiable  assets.  Acquisition-related 
costs are expensed as incurred. 

Where settlement of any part of the consideration is deferred or contingent, the amounts payable in the future 
are  recognised  at  their  fair  value  at  the  acquisition  date.  The  discount  rate  used  is  the  entity’s  incremental 
borrowing rate, being the rate at which a similar borrowing could be obtained from an independent financier 
under comparable terms and conditions.   

Contingent  consideration  is  classified  either  as  equity  or  a  financial  liability.  Amounts  classified  as  a  financial 
liability  are  subsequently  remeasured  to  fair  value  with  changes  in  fair  value  recognised  in  profit  or  loss. 
Contingent consideration classified as equity is not remeasured and its subsequent settlement is accounted for 
within equity. 

Goodwill  is  initially  measured  at  cost  (being  the  excess  of  the  consideration  transferred  and  the  amount 
recognised for non-controlling interests and any previous interest held of the net identifiable assets acquires and 
liabilities  assumed).  If  the  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired  is  in  excess  of  the  aggregate  consideration 
transferred, the difference is recognised in profit or loss. 

If the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition date carrying value of the acquirer’s previously 
held equity interest in the acquiree is remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date. Any gains or losses arising 
from such remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss. 

Joint arrangements 

e) 
Certain of the Group’s licence interests are held jointly with others under arrangements whereby unincorporated 
and jointly controlled ventures are used to explore, evaluate and ultimately develop and produce from its oil & 
gas interests. The Group’s share of assets, liabilities, income and expenditure of these joint operations, have 
been classified in the appropriate balance sheet and income statement headings, except where its share of such 
amounts remain the responsibility of another party in accordance with the terms of carried interests.  

When the Group, acting as an operator or manager of a joint arrangement, receives reimbursement of direct 
costs recharged to the joint arrangement, such recharges represent reimbursements of costs that the operator 
incurred as an agent for the joint arrangement and therefore have no effect on profit or loss. 

f)  Revenue 
Revenue comprises the invoiced value of goods and services supplied by the Group, excluding value added tax 
and  trade  discounts.  Revenue  is  recognised  when  control  passes  to  the  customer  and  there  is  no  unfulfilled 
obligation that could affect the customer’s acceptance of the goods. In the case of oil and petroleum products, 
this generally occurs when the product is physically transferred into a vessel, pipe or other delivery mechanism. 

Revenue  from  the  production  of  oil,  from  fields  in  which  the  Group  has  an  interest  with  other  producers,  is 
recognised based on the Group’s working interest and the terms of the relevant production sharing contracts. 
Differences between oil lifted and sold and the Group’s share of production are not significant. Revenues from 
the sale of oil produced as a by-product of the evaluation or “testing” phase of a well are offset against the cost 
of the intangible asset that is being created. This can be seen by reference to Note 11.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

g)  Non-current assets 
Intangible Exploration & Evaluation Assets 
The  Group  accounts  for  exploration  and  evaluation  costs  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  IFRS  6 
Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources as follows: 

• 

• 
• 

Pre-licence costs (costs incurred prior to obtaining the legal rights to explore an area) are expensed 
immediately to the Income Statement. 

Exploration licence and leasehold land and property acquisition costs are capitalised in intangible assets.  
Licence costs paid in connection with a right to explore in an existing exploration area are capitalised 
and amortised over the term of the permit. 

•  Costs  directly  associated  with  an  exploration  well  are  capitalised  as  exploration  and  evaluation 
intangible assets until the drilling of the well is complete and the results have been evaluated. These 
costs  include  directly  attributable  employee  remuneration,  materials  and  consumables,  drilling 
(including coring and sampling), evaluation of technical feasibility and commercial viability (including 
appraisal drilling and production testing). 

•  Revenues generated from the sale of hydrocarbons during this phase are offset against the cost of the 

intangible asset. 

Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment at each reporting date, before reclassification and 
whenever facts and circumstances suggest that they may be impaired.  If no future activity is planned, the licence 
has been relinquished or has expired, or where development is likely to proceed but there are indications that 
the exploration and evaluation asset costs are unlikely to be recovered in full either by development or through 
sale, the carrying value of the asset is written off to the Income Statement. 

Property, Plant and Equipment - Oil & Gas Properties  
Oil & gas properties and other property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation 
and accumulated impairment losses. 

The initial cost of an asset comprises its purchase price or construction cost, any costs directly attributable to 
bringing the asset into operation, the initial estimate of the decommissioning obligation and, for qualifying assets 
(where relevant), borrowing costs. The purchase price or construction cost is the aggregate amount paid and the 
fair value of any other consideration given to acquire the asset. The capitalised value of any associated finance 
lease is also included within property, plant and equipment. 

Oil & gas properties are depreciated/amortised on a unit-of-production basis over the total proved developed 
and  undeveloped  reserves  of  the  field  concerned.  The  unit-of-production  rate  calculation  for  the 
depreciation/amortisation of field development costs takes into account expenditures incurred to date, together 
with sanctioned future development expenditure.  

The  Group’s  interests  in  oil  &  gas  properties  are  assessed  for  indication  so  impairment  including  events  or 
changes  in  circumstances  which  indicate  that  the  carrying  value  of  an  asset  may  not  be  recoverable.  Any 
impairment in value is charged to the Income Statement. 

Other Property, Plant and Equipment 
Other property, plant and equipment is stated at cost to the Group less accumulated depreciation.  These assets 
are generally depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which is between 2 and 10 
years depending on the type of asset.  

Decommissioning Assets 
A decommissioning  asset is recognised in the appropriate category of the Group’s non-current assets (intangible 
exploration and evaluation assets and property, plant and equipment) depending on the underlying accounting 
treatment for the operations or asset leading to the associated decommissioning provision. The asset is assessed 
for impairment as necessary and otherwise depleted on a straight-line basis over the estimated period to future 
removal of production facilities or site restoration.  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

h)  Decommissioning Provisions 
A provision for decommissioning is recognised where a liability for the removal of production facilities or site 
restoration exists. 

Segmental information 

i) 
An  operating  segment  is  a  distinguishable  component  of  the  Group  that  is  involved  in  oil  production,  oil 
exploration or related activities, within a particular economic environment, which is subject to risks and rewards 
that are different from those of other segments. 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting provided to the chief operating 
decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing 
performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Board of Directors of the Company. 

j)  Financial Instruments 
Financial Assets 
Financial assets are divided into the following categories: loans and receivables and available-for-sale financial 
assets.  Financial assets are assigned to the different categories by management on initial recognition, depending 
on the purpose for which they were acquired, and are recognised when the Group becomes party to contractual 
arrangements. Both loans and receivables and available for sale financial assets are initially recorded at fair value. 

Loans  and  receivables  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  with  fixed  or  determinable  payments  that  are  not 
quoted in an active market. Trade receivables, most other receivables and cash and cash equivalents fall into this 
category of financial assets.  Loans and receivables are measured subsequent to initial recognition at amortised 
cost  using  the  effective  interest  method,  less  provision  for  impairment.  Any  change  in  their  value  through 
impairment or reversal of impairment is recognised in the income statement. 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and short term deposits. Any interest earned is classified as 
interest income within finance income. 

A financial asset is derecognised only where the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or the 
financial asset is transferred, and that transfer qualifies for derecognition.  A financial asset is transferred if the 
contractual  rights  to  receive  the  cash  flows  of  the  asset  have  been  transferred  or  the  Group  retains  the 
contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the asset but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash 
flows to one or more recipients.   

A financial asset that is transferred qualifies for derecognition if the Group transfers substantially all the risks and 
rewards of ownership of the asset, or if the Group neither retains nor transfers substantially all the risks and 
rewards of ownership but does transfer control of that asset.  

Financial Liabilities 
Financial  liabilities  are  obligations  to  pay  cash  or  other  financial  assets  and  are  recognised  when  the  Group 
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.   

All financial liabilities initially recognised at fair value less transaction costs and thereafter carried at amortised 
cost using the effective interest method, with interest-related charges recognised as an expense in finance cost 
in the income statement.  A financial liability is derecognised only when the obligation is extinguished, that is, 
when the obligation is discharged or cancelled or expires. 

Impairment of Financial Assets 
At the end of each reporting period, a provision is made if there is sufficient evidence that a financial asset or 
group of financial assets has been impaired.   Provision against trade receivables is made when there is objective 
evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due to it in accordance with the original terms of 
those receivables. The amount of the write-down is determined as the difference between the asset's carrying 
amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

Inventories 

k) 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of materials is the purchase cost, 
determined on first-in, first-out basis. The cost of crude oil and refined products is the purchase cost, the cost of 
refining, including the appropriate proportion of depreciation, depletion and amortisation and overheads based 
on normal operating capacity, determined on a weighted average basis. The net realisable value of crude oil and 
refined products is based on the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated 
costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. 

l)  Taxation 
The tax charge includes both current and deferred tax. 

Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be paid to or received from the tax 
authorities, calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet 
date.  Taxable profits or losses differ from the reported profit or loss before taxation in the Income Statement as 
it excludes items that are taxable or deductible in different periods, as well as items that are never deductible or 
taxable.  

Deferred  income  taxes  are  calculated  using  the  liability  method  on  temporary  differences.    Deferred  tax  is 
generally provided on the difference between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases.  
However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the initial recognition of an 
asset or liability unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or accounting profit.   

Deferred tax on temporary differences associated with shares in subsidiaries and joint ventures is not provided 
if reversal of these temporary differences can be controlled by the Company and it is probable that reversal will 
not occur in the foreseeable future.  In addition, tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income 
tax credits to the Company are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets. 

Deferred tax liabilities are provided in full, with no discounting. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent 
that it is probable that the underlying deductible temporary differences will be able to be offset against future 
taxable income.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated at tax rates that are expected to apply to their 
respective period of realisation, provided they are enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Changes  in  deferred  tax  assets  or  liabilities  are  recognised  as  a  component  of  tax  expense  in  the  income 
statement, except where they relate to items that are charged or credited directly to equity in which case the 
related deferred tax is also charged or credited directly to equity. 

m)  Share-Based Payments  
The  Group  operates  a  number  of  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plans,  under  which  the  entity 
receives services from employees as consideration for equity instruments (options) of the Company.  The fair 
value of the employee services received in exchange for the grant of the options is recognised as an expense.  
The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted: 

• 
• 

• 

Including any market performance conditions; 
Excluding  the  impact  of  any  service  and  non-market  performance  vesting  conditions  (for  example, 
profitability or sales growth targets, or remaining an employee of the entity over a specified time period; 
and, 
Including  the  impact  of  any  non-vesting  conditions  (for  example,  the  requirement  for  employees  to 
save). 

Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are expected to 
vest.  The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified 
vesting conditions are to be satisfied.  

In addition, in some circumstances, employees may provide services in advance of the grant date, and therefore 
the grant-date fair value is estimated for the purposes of recognising the expense during the period between 
service commencement period and grant date. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

m)   Share-Based Payments (continued) 

At the end of each reporting period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected 
to vest based on the non-market vesting conditions.  It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, 
if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. 

When the options are exercised, the Company issues new shares.  The proceeds received, net of any directly 
attributable transaction costs, are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium. 

n)  Equity 
Equity comprises the following: 

• 
• 

• 

• 

"Share capital" representing the nominal value of equity shares. 
"Share premium" representing the excess over nominal value of the fair value of consideration received 
for equity shares, net of expenses of the share issue. 
“Share  based  payment  reserve”  represents  the  value  of  equity  benefits  provided  to  employees  and 
directors as part of their remuneration and provided to consultants and advisors hired by the Group 
from time to time as part of the consideration paid. 
"Retained earnings" represents retained profits and (losses). 

m)  Foreign currencies 
The consolidated financial statements are presented in UK pound sterling, the functional currency of the Group. 
Transactions  in  other  currencies  are  translated  at  the  exchange  rate  ruling  at  the  date  of  the  transaction. 
Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance 
sheet date.  Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the 
exchange rate at the date of the transaction.  Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign 
currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined.   

Any exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on translating monetary items at rates 
different from those at which they were initially recorded are recognised in the profit or loss in the period in 
which they arise.  Exchange differences on non-monetary items are recognised in other comprehensive income 
to the extent that they relate to a gain or loss on that non-monetary item taken to other comprehensive income, 
otherwise such gains and losses are recognised in the income statement.  The Group and Company's functional 
currency and presentational currency is Sterling. 

3.  Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions  
The preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgements, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses during the reporting period, 
and  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities,  and  the  disclosure  of  contingent  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the 
consolidated financial statements.   Estimates and assumptions are continuously evaluated and are based on 
management’s  experience  and  other  factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events  that  are  believed  to  be 
reasonable under the circumstances. However, actual outcomes can differ from these estimates. 

In  particular,  the  Group  has  identified  the  following  areas  where  significant  judgements,  estimates  and 
assumptions are required, and where if actual results were to differ, this could materially affect the financial 
position of financial results reported in a future period. Further information on each of these areas and how they 
impact  the  various  accounting  policies  are  described  below  and  also  in  the  relevant  notes  to  the  financial 
statements. 

Judgements 
(i) Estimates and assumptions 
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date 
that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within 
the next financial year, are described below. The Group based its assumptions and estimates on parameters 
available when the consolidated financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions 
about future developments, however, may change due to market change or circumstances arising beyond the 
control of the Group. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.  

54 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

3.   Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions (continued) 

(ii) Hydrocarbon reserve and resource estimates 
The Group estimates and reports hydrocarbon reserves in line with the principles contained in the SPE Petroleum 
Resources Management Reporting System (PRMS) framework. As the economic assumptions used may change 
and as additional geological information is obtained during the operation of a field, estimates of recoverable 
reserves may change.  

The  volume  of  proved  and  probable  oil  &  gas  reserves  is  an  estimate  that  affects  the  unit  of  production 
depreciation of producing oil & gas property, plant and equipment as well as being a significant estimate affecting 
decommissioning  provisions,  impairment  calculations  and  the  valuation  of  oil  &  gas  properties  in  business 
combinations.  Contingent  resources  affect  the  valuation  of  exploration  and  exploration  assets  acquired  in 
business combinations and the estimation of the recoverable value of those assets in impairment tests. Proved 
and probable reserves and contingent resources are estimated using standard recognised evaluation techniques. 
Estimates  are  reviewed  at  least  annually  and  are  regularly  estimated  by  independent  consultants.  Future 
development costs are estimated taking into account the level of development required to produce the reserves 
by reference to operators, where applicable, and internal engineers. 

The current long-term Brent oil price assumption used in the estimation of reserves is US$64/bbl. The carrying 
amount of oil & gas development and production assets at 30 September 2021 is shown in Note 12. 

(iii) Recoverable value of intangible exploration and evaluation assets and goodwill  
The  Group  has  capitalised  intangible  exploration  and  evaluation  assets  in accordance  with  IFRS  6.  Significant 
judgement is required to determine whether it continues to be appropriate to carry these costs on the balance 
sheet and whether the assets have been impaired. 

The key areas in which management have applied judgement include the Group’s intention to proceed with a 
future work programme for a prospect or licence, the likelihood of licence and planning permission renewal, 
plans  for  relinquishment,  assessment  of  results  from  wells  or  geological  or  geophysical  studies,  and  the 
assessment of whether the carrying value of the exploration and evaluation assets is unlikely to be recovered in 
full from successful development or by sale.   

Goodwill is assessed in each reporting period to determine whether there is any impairment.   

In both the above areas, the assessments include estimates and assumptions such as long-term oil prices, foreign 
exchange rates, discount rates, reserves, production profiles and capital expenditure, all of which are subject to 
risk and uncertainty.  It is possible therefore that changes in these estimates may impact the recoverable values 
of goodwill and exploration and evaluation assets. 

Details of the Group’s intangible exploration and evaluation assets and goodwill are disclosed in Note 11 to the 
financial statements. 

(iv) Recoverable value of property, plant and equipment 
Management reviews the Group’s reported property, plant and equipment each reporting period to determine 
whether any indication of impairment exists. Where an indicator of impairment exists, a formal estimate of the 
recoverable amount is made, which requires the use of key assumptions and judgements such as long-term oil 
prices, foreign exchange rates, discount rates, reserves, production profiles and capital expenditure, all of which 
are subject to risk and uncertainty.  

Details of the Group’s property, plant and equipment are disclosed in Note 12 to the financial statements. 

(v) Decommissioning costs 
The estimated cost of decommissioning at the end of the producing lives of fields is periodically reviewed and is 
based on forecast prices and technology at the balance sheet date. Provision is made for the estimated cost using 
a discounted cash flow method and a risk free rate of return.  Details of the Group’s decommissioning provisions 
are disclosed in Note 19 to the financial statements. 

55 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

4.  Segmental Reporting 
All  of  the  Group’s  assets  and  operations  are  located  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  Turkey.  For  management 
purposes,  the  Group  is  organised  into  business  units  based  on  the  main  types  of  activities  and  has  three 
reportable segments, as follows: 

•  Oil exploration and production: includes producing business activities 
•  Oil exploration and evaluation: includes non-producing activities. 
•  Head Office, corporate and administrative, including parent company activities. 

The Board of Directors monitors the operating results of its business units separately for the purpose of making 
decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. Segment performance is evaluated based on 
operating profit or loss and is measured consistently with operating profit or loss in the consolidated financial 
statements. However, the Group’s financing (including finance costs and finance income) and income taxes are 
managed on a group basis and are not allocated to operating segments. 

The accounting policies used by the Group in reporting segments internally are the same as those used in the 
financial statements. 

Subject to further acquisitions and/or disposals, the Group expects to further review its segmental information 
during the forthcoming financial year, as it begins to see the full impact of its acquisitions and/or disposals. 

Group 

Year ended 30 September 2021 
Revenue 
External Customers 
Total revenue 
Results 
Depreciation, Depletion & 
Amortisation 
Exploration and Production 
Write offs & Impairment 
Finance costs 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation 
Loss after taxation 

Oil production  
£’000 

Oil exploration 
& evaluation 
£’000 

Corporate & 
Administrative 
£’000 

Consolidated 
£’000 

1,562 
1,562 

(348) 

(1,456) 
2 
(1,716) 
- 
(1,716) 

- 
- 

(190) 

(946) 
(81) 
(1,375) 
(43) 
(1,418) 

- 
- 

(146) 

- 
(10) 
(1,749) 
- 
(1,749) 

1,562 
1,562 

(684) 

(2,402) 
(89) 
(4,840) 
(43) 
(4,883) 

Segment assets 

5,200 

5,331 

32,502 

43,033 

Segment liabilities 

(3,340) 

(1,955) 

(235) 

(5,530) 

Other disclosures: 
Capital expenditure (1) 

594 

2,107 

17 

2,718 

(1)  Capital  expenditure  consists  of  capitalised  exploration  expenditure,  development  expenditure, 
additions to oil & gas properties and to other intangible assets including expenditure on assets from the 
acquisition of subsidiaries. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

4.    Segment Reporting (continued) 

Group 

Year ended 30 September 2020 
Revenue 
External Customers 
Total revenue 
Results 
Depreciation, Depletion & 
Amortisation 
Exploration and Production 
Write offs & Impairment 
Finance costs 
Profit/(loss) before & after 
taxation 

Segment assets 

Segment liabilities 

Other disclosures: 
Goodwill on acquisition 
Capital expenditure (1) 

Oil production  
£’000 

Oil exploration 
& evaluation 
£’000 

Corporate & 
Administrative 
£’000 

Consolidated 
£’000 

908 
908 

(756) 

(10,652) 
(111) 

(17,870) 

10,011 

(3,788) 

- 
1,770 

- 
- 

(573) 

(6,598) 
- 

(689) 

4,641 

(890) 

- 
7,360 

- 
- 

(38) 

- 
(175) 

908 
908 

(1,367) 

(17,250) 
(286) 

(2,378) 

(20,937) 

25,502 

40,154 

(1,418) 

(6,096) 

- 
- 

- 
9,130 

(1) Capital expenditure consists of capitalised exploration expenditure, development expenditure, additions to 
oil & gas properties and to other intangible assets including expenditure on assets from the acquisition of 
subsidiaries. 

5.  Operating Loss 

Group 
Operating (loss) is stated after charging: 

– Directors’ remuneration – fees & salaries 
– Employee Benefit Trust charge 

– Auditors’ remuneration 
        Audit-related assurance services  

        Other compliance services 
– Depletion of oil & gas properties 

6.  Revenue 

2021 

£'000 

471 
7 

62 

- 
314 

The Group has recognised the following amounts relating to revenue in the statement of comprehensive 
income: 

Group 

Revenue from contracts with customers 

2021 
£'000 

1,562 
1,562 

All revenue is derived from sales of oil from one geographic location and is recognised at a point in time. 

2020 

£'000 

515 
7 

56 

- 
743 

2020 
£'000 

908 
908 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

7.  Directors and Employees 

The Company employed the services of an average of 14 employees in the year (2020: 13), of which an average 
of 4 (2020: 4) were Executive and Non-Executive Directors. Remuneration in respect of these employees was: 

Group 

Employment costs, including Directors, during the year: 
Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Employee pension costs 
Benefits in kind 

2021 
£'000 

1,369 
174 
13 
9 
1,565 

Employee pension costs payable at the end of the year amounted to £2,000 (2020: £2,000). 

Average number of persons, including Executive Directors employed 
Administration 
Operations 

Directors’ remuneration 
Emoluments 

Stephen Sanderson 
Kiran Morzaria 
Allen Howard 
Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Total Directors Emoluments 

No. 
8 
6 
14 

£'000 
471 

2021 
£'000 

 287  
 93  
 48  
 44 
 471  

2021 
S Sanderson 
K Morzaria 
A Howard  
N Mardon Taylor  

2020 
S Sanderson 
K Morzaria 
A Howard 
N Mardon Taylor  

Fees and 
salaries 
£’000 
284 
92 
48 
44 
468 

Fees and 
salaries 
£’000 
297 
115 
54 
49 
515 

Bonuses 

Pension 

£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

£’000 
1 
1 
- 
- 
2 

Bonuses 

Pension 

£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

£’000 
1 
- 
- 
- 
1 

Benefits in 
Kind 
£’000 
1 
- 
- 
- 
1 

Benefits in 
Kind 
£’000 
3 
- 
- 
- 
3 

Share based  
payments (*) 
£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Share based  
payments (*) 
£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

2020 
£'000 

1,423 
179 
11 
6 
1,619 

No. 
7 
6 
13 

£'000 
519 

2020 
£'000 

301 
115 
54 
49 
519 

Total 

£’000 
287 
93 
48 
44 
471 

Total 

£’000 
301 
115 
54 
49 
519 

* Share based payments are non-cash remuneration by way of the issue of share options in the company. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

8.   Finance Costs 

Loan interest due to non-controlling interests 

Unwind discount on decommissioning provision (note 19) 
Change in estimate of decommissioning liability 

Loan transaction fees 
Convertible loan note fees 

Finance Costs 

9.    Income Tax 

2021 
£'000 

3 

98 
(22) 

10 
- 

89 

2020 
£'000 

111 

- 
23 

- 
175 

309 

There is no tax credit on the loss for the current or prior year.  The tax assessed for the year differs from the 
standard rate of corporation tax in the UK as follows: 

Loss for the year before tax 
Tax rate 40% (30% for ring-fenced activities plus 
10% ring fence supplement) 

Expected tax credit 

Tax adjustment for non-deductible expenditure 

Tax impact of capital allowances 
Adjustment in respect of prior periods 

Impact of losses taxed at different rates 
Tax impact of losses carried forward 

Future income tax benefit not brought to account 

Actual tax expense 

2021 

£'000 

2020 

£'000 

(4,840) 

(19,041) 

40% 

(1,936) 

207 

(8) 
43 

636 
1,101 

- 

43 

40% 

(7,616) 

388 

(10) 
- 

576 
6,584 

78 

- 

The  Group  estimated  carried  forward  tax  losses  are  £10,799,000  (2020:  £6,529,000),  none  of  which  are 
recognised as a deferred tax asset. 

10.   Earnings per Share 

The calculation of the basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the consolidated loss attributable to the equity 
holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. 

Group 
Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 

2021 
£’000 
(4,492) 

2020 
£’000 
(20,937) 

Number 

Number 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for calculating 
basic loss per share 

13,481,093,231 

8,577,532,755 

Basic and diluted loss per share 

Pence 

(0.03) 

Pence 

(0.24) 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

10.  Earnings per Share (continued) 

As  inclusion  of  the  potential  ordinary  shares  would  result  in  a  decrease  in  the  earnings  per  share  they  are 
considered to be anti-dilutive, as such, a diluted earnings per share is not included. The potential amount of 
dilutive shares is 435,125,816, which represents outstanding options and warrants. 

11.   Intangible assets 

Exploration & 
evaluation 
costs 
£’000 

Group 
Decommissioning 
Asset 

Goodwill 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Company 
Exploration & 
evaluation 
costs 
£’000 

Cost & Net Book Value 
As at 1 October 2019 
Reclassification 
Additions 
Revenues from sale of by-
product 
Transfers 
Exploration Write offs & 
Amortisation 
As at 30 September 2020 

Additions 
Exploration Write offs & 
Amortisation 
As at 30 September 2021 

27,224 
17,443 
9,116 

(1,755) 
(14,869) 
(7,899) 

29,259 

2,107 
(946) 

30,420 

355 
- 
596 

- 
(173) 
(494) 

285 

- 
(190) 

95 

17,443 
(17,443) 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

45,021 
- 
9,712 

(1,755) 
(15,042) 
(8,392) 

29,544 

2,107 
(1,136) 

2,344 
- 
601 

- 
- 
(1,302) 

1,643 

119 
(939) 

30,515 

823 

Revenues from the sale of hydrocarbons produced as a by-product of testing and evaluation activities are offset 
against the costs of the intangible asset. These totalled £nil in the year (2020: £1,755,000). 

In March 2020 the first Horse Hill well was put into production and as a result the carrying value of this well of 
£14.86 million was transferred from exploration & evaluation assets to oil & gas properties during the previous 
financial year. 

The Directors have assessed the fair value of the exploration & evaluation assets as at 30 September 2021. An 
impairment review was carried out on the exploration & evaluation assets. Having taken time to consider, the 
Company has decided not to appeal the October 2021 decision by the Isle of Wight Council's Planning Committee 
to refuse consent for the appraisal and testing of the Arreton oil and gas discovery, and as such has written off 
the value of associated exploration & evaluation assets. No further impairment of exploration & evaluation assets 
was identified during this review. 

Exploration and evaluation activity involves the search for hydrocarbon resources, the determination of technical 
feasibility and the assessment of commercial viability of an identified resource. Additions during the year reflect 
the associated exploration and evaluation activities.  

At this point the Company is still assessing the potential of the remaining assets and will continue to develop and 
evaluate these assets in the coming year. Since their acquisition dates there has been no further material changes 
to the Licence areas. The directors therefore consider that no further impairment is required at 30 September 
2021. 

Joint Operations 
UKOG's wholly owned subsidiary UKOG Turkey Ltd signed a participation agreement and joint operating 
agreement with AME during the year, to take a 50% non-operated working interest in the 305 km² Resan M47- 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

b1, b2 licence in Turkey. Together with AME, the business is working towards finalising the design and delivery 
of a successful first appraisal well aimed at establishing the commerciality of the aerially extensive and as yet 
undeveloped Basur-Resan oil discovery contained within the licence. 

12. Oil & Gas Properties 

Group 
Cost 
As at 1 October 
Transfers 
Additions 
Change in estimate 
As at 30 September 

Depletion & impairment 
As at 1 October 
Depletion charge 
Impairment 
As at 30 September 

Carrying value 
As at 30 September 

Impairment Review 

Oil & gas 
properties 
2021 
£’000 

Decommissioning 
Asset 
2021 
£’000 

 16,568  
- 
 594  
- 
 17,162  

(10,358) 
(314) 
(1,456) 
(12,128) 

 193  
- 
- 
267 
460  

(23) 
- 
- 
(23) 

Property, 
plant & 
equipment 
2021 
£’000 

 2,180  
- 
 17 
- 
 2,197  

Total 
2021 
£’000 

 18,941  
- 
 611 
267 
19,819  

Total 
2020 
£’000 

2,134 
15,042 
1,766 
- 
18,941 

(327)  
(179) 
- 
(506) 

(10,708)  
(493) 
(1,456) 
(12,657) 

(508) 
(850) 
(9,350) 
(10,709) 

5,034 

437 

1,691 

7,162 

8,232 

The Directors have carried out an impairment review as at 30 September 2021. The Directors determined that 
the net present value of the HH-1 well was £3.63 million and therefore determined that HH-1 should be impaired 
by £1.46 million. The net present value utilised an internally generated depletion curve that was independently 
reviewed.  Costs  were  based  on  current  costs  less  any  anticipated  savings.  A  long-term  Brent  oil  price  of 
US$91/bbl was used being the spot rate at the time of assessment, with a discount rate of 6.3% used being the 
weighted average costs of capital of Horse Hill Developments Ltd, the holding company of HH-1. Based on current 
production at Horndean no impairment was deemed necessary. 

Company 
Cost 
As at 1 October 
Additions 
As at 30 September 

Depletion & impairment 
As at 1 October 
Depletion charge 
As at 30 September 

Carrying value 
As at 30 September 

Property, plant & 
equipment 

2021 
£’000 

1,815 
4 
1,819 

(42) 
(145) 
(187) 

2020 
£’000 

116 
1,699 
1,815 

(8) 
(26) 
(34) 

1,632 

1,773 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

13.   Investment in Subsidiaries 

Company 

Cost and net book amount 
At 1 October 
Capital reorganisation of subsidiaries 
Impairment 
At 30 September 

2021 
£’000 

21,406 
7,915 
(3,079) 
26,242 

2020 
£’000 

26,206  
- 
(4,800) 
21,406 

The  Directors  carried  out  an  impairment  review  of  the  Company’s  Investment  in  its  subsidiaries  as  at  30 
September 2021. As a result the Directors determined to impair its investments in Horse Hill Developments Ltd, 
UKOG Solent Ltd and UKOG Weald Ltd by £2.65 million, £0.30 million and £0.13 million respectively. Further 
details in respect of the assumptions used for the impairment review of oil & gas properties within Horse Hill 
Developments Ltd have been outlined within Note 12. 

The Company holds more than 50 per cent of the share capital of the following companies as at 30 September 
2021: 

Company 

UKOG (GB) Limited 

UKOG Solent Limited 

UKOG Weald Limited 

UKOG (234) Limited  

Horse Hill Developments Ltd 

UKOG (137/246) Holdings Ltd 

UKOG (137/246) Ltd 

UKOG (Turkey) Ltd  

UK Oil & Gas Investments Limited  

UK Geothermal Limited 

Country of 
Registration 

Proportion 
held 

Functional 
Currency 

Nature of 
business 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

UK 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

77.9% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

GB£ 

Oil production 

Oil exploration 

Oil exploration 

Oil exploration 

Oil production 

Holding Company 

Oil exploration 

Oil exploration 

Dormant 

Dormant 

The registered address of each of these subsidiaries can be found on the website of Companies House. 

All subsidiary undertakings are included in the consolidated financial statements. The proportion of the voting 
rights in the subsidiary undertaking held directly by the parent company do not differ from the proportion of the 
ordinary shares held. The following companies are taking an exception from the audit of the financial statements 
as per S479A of the Companies Act; UKOG (GB) Limited (04050227), UKOG Solent Limited (05000092), UKOG 
Weald  Limited  (04991234),  UKOG  (234)  Ltd  (07055133),  UKOG  (137/246)  Holdings  Ltd  (09010542),  UKOG 
(Turkey) Ltd (10212262), UK Oil & Gas Investments Limited (11252712), UK Geothermal Limited (13386906). 

14.   Inventory 

Group 

Inventories - Crude Oil 

Total 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

2 

2 

1 

1 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

15.   Trade and Other Receivables 

Trade debtors 
Other debtors 
Loans to subsidiary companies 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Total 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£’000 
44 
268 
- 
315 
627 

2020 
£’000 
19 
442 
- 
281 
742 

2021 
£’000 
22 
47 
21,727 
239 
22,035 

2020 
£’000 
9 
356 
26,690 
182 
27,236 

The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value. 

16.   Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 
Total 

17.   Trade and Other Payables 

Current trade and other payables 
Trade creditors 
Other creditors 
Accruals and deferred income 
Total 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

4,727 
4,727 

2020 
£’000 

1,634 
1,634 

2021 
£’000 

4,146 
4,146 

2020 
£’000 

1,346 
1,346 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£’000 
745 
48 
273 
1,067 

2020 
£’000 
1,362 
483 
136 
1,981 

2021 
£’000 
84 
49 
197 
330 

2020 
£’000 
1,199 
49 
171 
1,419 

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value. 

18.   Borrowings 

Borrowings 
Loans payable to Non-Controlling Interests 
Total 

Group 

Company 

2021 
£’000 
3,087 
3,087 

2020 
£’000 
3,084 
3,084 

2021 
£’000 
- 
- 

2020 
£’000 
- 
- 

At  30  September  2021,  the  outstanding  loan  balances  owed  to  HHDL’s  shareholders  were;  Alba  Mineral 
Resources PLC (Alba) £2.52 million (2020: £2.52m), Doriemus PLC (Doremius) £0.57 million (2020: £0.57) and UK 
Oil & Gas Plc £16.59 million (2020: £16.03m). The loans are payable on determination by the Board of HHDL. The 
loans currently attract an interest rate equivalent to the Bank of England base rate, which was 0.1% during the 
year. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

19.   Provisions - Decommissioning 

Group 
As at 1 October 
Change of estimate 
Release 
Unwind discount 
As at 30 September 

2021 
£’000 
1,031 
247 
- 
98 
1,376 

2020 
£’000 
427 
615 
(11) 
- 
1,031 

The amount provided for at 30 September 2021 represents the Group’s share of decommissioning liabilities in 
respect of the producing Horndean and Avington fields, the producing site at Horse Hill and the Broadford Bridge 
drilling site.  

The Company makes full provision for the future cost of decommissioning oil production facilities and pipelines 
on a discounted basis upon the installation of those facilities. The decommissioning provision represents the 
present value of decommissioning costs relating to oil & gas properties.  

These provisions have been created based on the Company’s internal estimates. Assumptions used include an 
average  group-wide  discount  rate  of  10.0%  and  an  annual  inflation  rate  of  2.0%  applied  to  future 
decommissioning  costs.  Assumptions  based  on  the  current  economic  environment  have  been  made,  which 
management believes are a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the future liability. These estimates are 
reviewed regularly to take into account any material changes to the assumptions.  

However,  actual  decommissioning  costs  will  ultimately  depend  upon  future  market  prices  for  the  necessary 
decommissioning works required which will reflect market conditions at the relevant time. Furthermore, the 
timing of decommissioning is likely to depend on when the fields cease to produce at economically viable rates. 
This, in turn, will depend upon future oil & gas prices, which are inherently uncertain. 

20.   Share Capital 

Ordinary Shares 

Issued at 30 September 2019 

On 2 December 2019, placing for cash at 0.85p per share 

On 02 January 2020, for acquisition at 0.91p per share 

On 01 April 2020, for acquisition at 0.39p per share 

On 30 April 2020, placing for cash at 0.20p per share 

On 3 June 2020, placing for cash at 0.20p per share 
On 24 June, warrant exercise at 0.20p per share 

On 08 July 2020, for acquisition at 0.20p per share 
For conversion of loan notes (at prices from 0.19p to 0.98p) 

Issued at 30 September 2020 

On 02 October 2020, placing for cash at 0.16p per share 
On 04 December 2020, warrant exercise at 0.16p per share 

On 11 February 2021, for acquisition at 0.20p per share 
On 25 May 2021, for acquisition at 0.13p per share 

On 05 July 2021, placing for cash at 0.18p per share 
On 27 July 2021, placing for cash at 0.18p per share 

Issued at 30 September 2021 

Number of 
ordinary shares 

Nominal 
Value 

6,658,567,170 

235,294,117 

331,125,828 

255,102,041 

637,500,000 

2,100,000,000 
129,375,000 

131,014,768 
621,406,132 

11,099,385,057 

1,374,999,993 
68,750,000 

412,475,262 
262,759,440 

2,763,888,878 
256,974,621 

16,239,233,251 

£ 

0.0001 

0.0001 

0.0001 

0.0001 

0.0001 

0.0001 
0.0001 

0.0001 
0.0001 

0.0001 

0.0001 
0.0001 

0.0001 
0.0001 

0.0001 
0.0001 

0.0001 

Total 
Value 

£’000 

666 

24 

33 

25 

64 

210 
13 

13 
62 

1,110 

137 
7 

41 
26 

276 
26 

1,624 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

20.    Share Capital (continued) 

Deferred shares 
The Company has in existence at 30 September 2021 and at 30 September 2020, 1,158,385,352,229 deferred 
shares of 0.001p. These deferred shares do not carry voting rights. 

Total Ordinary and Deferred Shares 
The issued share capital as at 30 September 2021 is as follows: 

Number  
of shares 

Nominal Value 
£ 

Total Value 
£’000 

Ordinary shares 
Deferred shares 

16,239,233,251 
1,158,385,352,229 

0.0001 
0.00001 

1,624 
11,584 
13,208 

21. Share Based Payments 

Share Options 
No options were granted during the year (2020: nil). 

As at 30 September 2021 the options in issue were: 

Exercise price 

1.15p 
1.6p 
1.13p 

Expiry date 

Options in issue 
  30 September 2021 

24 May 2022 
12 April 2023 
25 September 2024 

117,000,000 
17,500,000 
121,500,000 

256,000,000 

No  options  were  exercised,  and  no  options  were  cancelled  during  the  year  (2020:  none  exercised,  none 
cancelled). No options lapsed during the year (2020: 45,000,000). 

Warrants 
As of 30 September 2021, 179,125,816 warrants were in issue (2020: 40,931,372). 

206,944,444  warrants  were  issued  during  the  year  (2020:  153,638,706).  No  warrants  lapsed  during  the  year 
(2020: nil). 68,750,000 warrants were exercised during the year (2020: 129,375,000 exercised). 

Employee Benefit Trust 
The Company established an employee benefit trust called the UK Oil & Gas Employee Benefit Trust (EBT) on 29 
September  2014,  to  implement  the  use  of  the  Company's  existing  share  incentive  plan  over  10%  of  the 
Company's issued share capital from time to time in as efficient a manner as possible for the beneficiaries of that 
plan. The EBT is a discretionary trust for the benefit of directors, employees and consultants of the Company. 
The  shares  held  in  the  EBT  are  intended  to  be  used  to  satisfy  future  awards  made  by  the  Company's 
Remuneration Committee under the share incentive scheme. 

The EBT did not subscribe to shares during the year to 30 September 2021 (2020: nil). The balance of ordinary 
shares held by the EBT on 30 September 2021 was 250,000,000 (2020: 250,000,000). Awards of Ordinary Shares 
to beneficiaries by the EBT will be subject to appropriate vesting and other performance conditions, in line with 
normal market practice, which will be set by the Remuneration Committee. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

21.  Share Based Payments (continued) 

Details of share options granted during the year to Directors, consultants & employees over the ordinary shares 
are as follows: 

At 1 
October 
2020 
No. 

Issued 
during 
the 
year 
No. 

Lapsed / 
exercised 
during the 
year 
No. 

Million  Million 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

10 
5 
20 
6.5 
25 
25 

Million 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

4 
95.5 
62 

17.5 

81 
256 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

At 30 
September 
2021 
No. 

Exercise 
price 
£ 

Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry date 

Million 
10 
5 
20 
6.5 
25 
25 

4 
95.5 
62 

0.0115 
0.0113 
0.0115 
0.0113 
0.0115 
0.0113 

25/05/2017 
27/09/2019 
25/05/2017 
27/09/2019 
25/05/2017 
27/09/2019 

24/05/2022 
25/09/2024 
24/05/2022 
25/09/2024 
24/05/2022 
25/09/2024 

0.0113 

27/09/2019 

25/09/2024 

0.0115 

25/05/2017 

24/05/2022 

17.5 

0.0160 

13/04/2018 

12/04/2023 

0.0113 

27/09/2019 

25/09/2024 

81 
256 

Share 
options 
A Howard 
A Howard 
K Morzaria 
K Morzaria 
S Sanderson 
S Sanderson 
N Mardon 
Taylor 

Consultants 
Consultants 
& 
employees 
Consultants 
& 
employees 

The share price range during the year was £0.0035 to £0.0012 (2020 - £0.0016 to £0.0115). 

The  disclosure  of  Weighted  Average  Exercise  Prices  and  a  Weighted  Average  Contractual  Life  analysis  is  not 
viewed  as  informative  because  of  the  minimal  variation  of  options  currently  in  issue,  and  therefore  has 
accordingly not been disclosed. 

For those options granted where IFRS 2 "Share-Based Payment" is applicable, the fair values were calculated 
using the Black-Scholes model.  The inputs into the model were as follows: 

13 April 2018 (0.4p) 
13 April 2018 (1.6p) 
27 September 2019 (1.13p) 

Risk free 
rate 

Share price 
volatility 

Expected life 

Share price at 
date of grant 

0.8% 
0.9% 
0.4% 

128.9% 
128.9% 
63.13% 

1.72 years 
5 years 
5 years 

£0.015 
£0.015 
£0.011 

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Company's share price for 12 
months  prior  to  the  date  of  grant.  The  expected  life  used  in  the  model  has  been  adjusted,  based  on 
management's  best  estimate,  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise  restrictions  and  behavioural 
considerations. The Company recognised total expenses of £nil (2020: £nil) relating to equity-settled share-based 
payment transactions during the year, and £nil (2020: £nil) was transferred via equity to retained earnings on 
the exercising or lapse of options during the year. 

Details of warrants granted during the year to consultants over the ordinary shares are as follows: 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

21.  Share Based Payments (continued) 

At 1 
October 
2020 
No. 

Issued 
during 
the 
year 
No. 
Million  Million 
- 
- 
- 
- 
69 
138 
207 

17 
5 
12 
8 
- 
- 
41 

Lapsed / 
exercised 
during the 
year 
No. 
Million 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(69) 
- 
(69) 

At 30 
September 
2021 
No. 
Million 
17 
5 
12 
8 
- 
138 
179 

Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry date 

Exercise 
price 
£ 

0.0105 
0.0115 
0.0085 
0.0020 
0.0016 
0.0016 

02/04/2019 
04/11/2019 
29/11/2019 
24/05/2020 
06/10/2020 
02/07/2021 

02/04/2022 
04/11/2022 
29/11/2022 
24/05/2023 
06/10/2023 
01/07/2024 

Warrants 
Consultants 
Consultants 
Consultants 
Consultants 
Consultants 
Consultants 

22. Financial Instruments and Risk Analysis 

Financial Assets by Category 
The  categories  of  financial  asset,  all  included  initially  measured  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  carried  at 
amortised cost in the balance sheet and the headings in which they are included are as follows: 

Current assets – Group 

Inventory 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Current assets – Company 

Trade and other receivables 
Intercompany balances 
Cash and cash equivalents 

2021 
£’000 
2 
627 
4,727 
5,356 

2021 
£’000 
308 
21,727 
4,146 
26,181 

2020 
£’000 
1 
742 
1,634 
2,377 

2020 
£’000 
546 
26,690 
1,346 
28,583 

Financial Liabilities by Category 
The categories of financial liability all included at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised cost in the 
balance sheet and the headings in which they are included are as follows: 

Current liabilities – Group 

Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 

Current liabilities – Company 

Trade and other payables 

2021 
£’000 
1,067 
3,087 
4,154 

2021 
£’000 
(330) 
(330) 

2020 
£’000 
1,981 
3,084 
5,065 

2020 
£’000 
(1,419) 
(1,419) 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

22.  Financial Instruments and Risk Analysis (continued) 

The group is exposed to market risk through its use of financial instruments and specifically to credit risk, and 
liquidity  risk  which  result  from  both  its  operating  and  investing  activities.  The  group's  risk  management  is 
coordinated at its head office, in close co-operation with the board of Directors, and focuses on actively securing 
the group's short to medium term cash flows by minimising the exposure to financial markets.  

Long term financial investments are managed to generate lasting returns. The group does not actively engage in 
the trading of financial assets for speculative purposes, nor does it write options. The most significant financial 
risks to which the group is exposed to are described below. 

Interest Rate Sensitivity 
The group is not substantially exposed to interest rate sensitivity, other than in relation to interest bearing bank 
accounts. 

Credit Risk Analysis 
The group's exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of trade receivables and cash at bank. The 
group continuously monitors defaults of customers and other counterparties, identified either individually or by 
Company,  and  incorporates  this  information  into  its  credit  risk  controls.  Where  available  at  reasonable  cost, 
external credit ratings and/or reports on customers and other counterparties are obtained and used.  

The group's policy is to deal only with creditworthy counterparties. Group management considers that trade 
receivables  that  are  not  impaired  for  each  of  the  reporting  dates  under  review  are  of  good  credit  quality, 
including those that are past due. None of the group's financial assets are secured by collateral or other credit 
enhancements. The credit risk for liquid funds and other short-term financial assets is considered negligible since 
the counterparties are reputable banks with high quality external credit ratings. 

Liquidity Risk Analysis 

The majority of the Group’s liabilities are contractually due within one year. The loan due from HHDL to Alba and 
Doriemus is payable on determination by the Board of HHDL.  

The group’s continued future operations depend on the ability to raise sufficient working capital through the 
issue  of  equity  share  capital  or  debt  financing.  The  Directors  are  confident  that  adequate  funding  will  be 
forthcoming with which to finance operations. Controls over expenditure are carefully managed.   

Capital Management Policies 

The group's capital management objectives are to: 

- 
- 
- 

Ensure the group's ability to continue as a going concern; and 
Provide a return to shareholders 
To provide capital for the purpose of strengthening the Group's risk management capability. 

The  Group  actively  and  regularly  reviews  and  manages  its  capital  structure,  to  ensure  an  optimal  capital 
structure, and equity holder returns, taking into consideration the future capital requirements of the Group and 
capital  efficiency,  prevailing  and  projected  profitability,  projected  operating  cash  flows,  projected  capital 
expenditures and projected strategic investment opportunities. Management regards total equity as capital and 
reserves, for capital management purposes. 

Commodity Price Risk 
The Group is exposed to the risk of fluctuations in prevailing market commodity prices on the mix of oil & gas 
products it produces. The Group’s policy is to manage these risks through the use of contract-based prices with 
customers. 

Commodity Price Sensitivity 
The table below summarises the impact on profit before tax for changes in commodity prices. The analysis is 
based on the assumption that the crude oil price moves 10% resulting in a change of US$ 9.30/bbl (2020: US$  

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

22.  Financial Instruments and Risk Analysis (continued) 

6.84/bbl),  with  all  other  variables  held  constant.  Reasonably  possible  movements  in  commodity  prices  were 
determined based on a review of the last two years’ historical prices and economic forecasters’ expectations. 

Increase/decrease in crude oil prices 

Increase US$ 9.30 /bbl (2020: US$ 6.84/bbl) 
Decrease US$ 9.30 /bbl (2020: US$ 6.84/bbl)  

Effect on profit before 
tax for the year ended 
30 September 2021 
Increase/(Decrease) 

Effect on profit before 
tax for the year ended 
30 September 2020 
Increase/(Decrease) 

£’000 
253 
(253) 

£’000 
98 
(98) 

Currency Risk 
The  Group  has  no  significant  monetary  assets  or  liabilities  that  are  denominated  in  a  foreign  currency.  The 
Group’s  exposed  to  currency  risk,  with  the  price  of  Brent  Crude  Oil  being  denominated  in  US$.  The  current 
exposure is not seen as material, with the current level of revenue being generated therefrom. The Board will 
continue to monitor this risk as the operations and/or revenues increase. 

23. Commitments & Contingent Liabilities 

Ongoing exploration expenditure is required to maintain title to the Group’s exploration permits. No provision 
has been made in the financial statements for these amounts as the expenditure is expected to be fulfilled in the 
normal course of the operations of the Group. As at 30 September 2021, the Group had no further material 
commitments (2020: none). 

24. Events after the Reporting Date 

Apart from the those disclosed in the Strategic Report which forms part of these Annual Report and Accounts, 
there are no events to report after the reporting date. 

25. Related Party Transactions  

Transactions with Related Parties 
In February 2019 UK Oil & Gas Plc engaged Apex Completions, LLC (Apex) as a consultant to the Company. Allen 
Howard, UKOG's Executive Director, is a Director of and a shareholder in Apex and, as a result, the Agreement is 
considered a related party transaction. Apex was engaged to help the Company further develop its understanding 
of  the  Portland  and  Kimmeridge  reservoirs.  The  Agreement  provides  for  Apex  to  periodically  invoice  the 
Company  for  work  carried  out  based  upon  the  time  spent  by  its  personnel.  During  the  year  Apex  charged 
consultancy fees of £nil (2020 – £82,000). The amounts due to Apex at the end of the year amounted to £nil 
(2020: £nil). 

UK Oil & Gas Plc paid a subscription fee for membership with United Kingdom Onshore Oil & Gas (UKOOG) during 
the year. UKOOG represent the onshore oil and gas industry and wider supply chain and provides the Company 
with general industry advice and representation. Stephen Sanderson, UKOG's Chief Executive, is a Director of 
UKOOG and, as a result, the subscription fee for membership is considered a related party transaction. During 
the  year  the  Company  paid  £30,000  for  its  membership  with  UKOOG  (2020:  £30,000).  The  amounts  due  to 
UKOOG at the end of the year amounted to £nil (2020: £nil). 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

25. Related Party Transactions (continued) 

Remuneration of Key Management Personnel 
The remuneration of the directors, and other key management personnel of the Company, is set out below in 
aggregate for each of the categories specified in IAS24 Related Party Disclosures. Further details in respect of 
the remuneration of the directors can be found within the Directors Remuneration Report on page 30. 

Short-term employee benefits 

26. Ultimate Controlling Party 

In the opinion of the Directors there is no controlling party.  

2021 
£’000 

959 
959 

2020 
£’000 

1,046 
1,046 

70 

 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION 

Company registration number 

05299925 

Registered office 

Directors 

Secretary 

Auditors 

Nominated Adviser 

Solicitors  

Registrars 

The Broadgate Tower 8th Floor 
20 Primrose Street 
London 
EC2A 2EW 

Nicholas Mardon Taylor 
Stephen Sanderson 
Allen Howard 
Kiran Morzaria 

Kiran Morzaria 

PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
Registered Auditor 
15 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf 
London, E14 4HD 

WH Ireland Limited 
24 Martin Lane 
London, EC4R 0DR 

Hill Dickinson 
The Broadgate Tower 8th Floor 
20 Primrose Street 
London, EC2A 2EW 

Share Registrars Limited 
The Courtyard, 
17 West Street 
Farnham, 
Surrey, GU9 7DR 

71