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Water Intelligence

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FY2018 Annual Report · Water Intelligence
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Water Intelligence plc 

Group Annual Report and Financial Statements for 
the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

Company number 03923150 

 
 
 
 
 Group Annual Report and Financial Statements 

for the year ended 31 December 2018 

Contents 

Page 

2  Company Information 

3  Chairman’s Statement 

8  Strategic Report 

14  Directors’ Report 

18  Corporate Governance Statement 

23  Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

24 

Independent Auditors’ report to the members of Water Intelligence plc 

28  Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

29  Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

30  Company Statement of Financial Position 

32  Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

32  Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

33  Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

34  Company Statement of Cash Flows 

35  Notes to the Financial Statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
1 

 
 
 
 
 Company Information 

Directors & Advisers 

Directors 

Executive Chairman 
Executive Director  

Patrick DeSouza 
Bobby Knell 
Laura Hills                Non-Executive Director 
Michael Reisman  Non-Executive Director 
David Silverstone  Non-Executive Director 

Company Secretary 
and Registered Office 

Adrian Hargrave 
27-28 Eastcastle Street 
London 
United Kingdom 
W1W 8DH 

Company number 

Registered in England and Wales number 03923150 

Nominated adviser and broker  WH Ireland Limited 

Independent Auditor 

Registrar 

Bankers 

24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 

Crowe UK LLP  
St Brides House  
10 Salisbury Square  
London EC4Y 8EH 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
Steelpark Road 
Halesowen 
B62 8HD 

Barclays Bank PLC  People’s United Bank  
1 Churchill Place 
London 
E14 5HP 

265 Church Street 
New Haven 
CT 06510 
USA 

Water Intelligence plc 
2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

Overview.   

We had another remarkable year both in terms of financial and operating performance.  We delivered on 
our  annual  commitment  in  these  pages  for  sustainable,  multinational  growth.  Year-over-year,  we  grew 
revenue  by  45%  to  $25.5  million  (2017:  $17.6  million)  and  profit  before  tax  even  faster  by  53%  to  $1.8 
million (2017: $1.1 million).  Further, our shareholders benefited with fully diluted EPS growth of 21.3% to 
9.1 cents per share (2017: 7.5 cents per share).  Our balance sheet is strong and we have cash required 
to execute our growth plan. Moreover, as we will discuss below, robust financial performance results over 
the last five years underscore not only sustained growth but also an acceleration of that growth path.  Water 
Intelligence profits before tax adjusted for non-core costs and non-cash amortization expense at $2.4 million 
exceeded 2018 market expectations. 

Operationally, the foundations have been laid for continued strong performance.  We have expanded cross-
selling  efforts  between  our  American  Leak  Detection  (ALD)  and  Water  Intelligence  International  (WII) 
subsidiaries so that we can capture an entire matrix of opportunities – residential, commercial, municipal, 
clean water and wastewater – as complementary business lines with reduced customer acquisition costs.  
Further,  we  have  reinvested  profits  and  are  launching  new  proprietary  products  for  each  subsidiary  to 
sustain  growth  in  market  capture.  Yet,  before  discussing  our  strong  2018  performance  and  current 
momentum, we should underscore that demand from the global marketplace has provided us with a tailwind 
to deliver a very valuable company for our investors as we continue to scale operations.   

Water  and  infrastructure  services,  as  a  global  investment  category,  continues  to  gain  salience  because 
market  demand  for  solutions  is  anticipated  to  remain  strong  irrespective  of  volatile  macroeconomic  or 
political conditions.  Market research indicates that total global spending on water and wastewater currently 
amounts to $771 billion with capital expenditure expected to rise between 2019-2023 by 4.7% compounded 
annually, which is higher than forecasts of worldwide economic growth.  Moreover, the water infrastructure 
crisis has reached areas typically less visible to the marketplace. On March 7, 2019 the Wall Street Journal 
published “American  Homeowners  and  Their Insurers  Face  a  Flooding  Crisis  From Within.”   The  article 
indicated  that  over  the  last  five  years,  the  frequency  of  water-damage  claims  is  rising  affecting  1  in  50 
homeowners and posing a $13 billion problem for insurance companies. The article identified a hot new 
market for innovation called “InsureTech.”  Water remains our most precious natural resource around the 
world and may be considered a safe haven for investors. 

The  research  marketplace  is  responding  to  such  demand.  Columbia  University,  with  whom  we  have  a 
strong relationship, has recently announced the launch of its “2019:  A Year of Water: An Interdisciplinary 
Investigation.”  University of Chicago’s Molecular Engineering Institute, where we are an industrial affiliate, 
has  made  water  and  wastewater  a  core  area  of  research.  We  are  well-positioned  to  help  with 
commercialization of such  research given our sales and  distribution reach,  especially  given our national 
insurance channel.  For our leadership team, the critical need to conserve water and minimize water-related 
damage  is  a  call  to  create  a  world-class  company  that  can  provide  cutting-edge  solutions  for  an  entire 
matrix  of  market  opportunities  as  identified  above:  residential,  commercial,  municipal,  clean  water  and 
wastewater.  Because  of  global  market  demand  and  our  current  operational  footprint  with  sales  and 
distribution  across  the  US  and  in  the  UK,  Australia  and  Canada,  we  are  seeing  many  international 
opportunities to expand our range of solutions both organically and through acquisition. 

We have momentum financially and operationally and we have accelerated our efforts during the first third 
of  2019 across  all  business  lines that  form our strategic plan: We have signed  another major  insurance 
company partnership to feed the growth of our franchise royalty base; sold new franchises; closed three 
strategic reacquisitions of franchises; reaped strong organic growth across corporate locations; expanded 
of our municipal business, particularly in the U.S.; and unveiled a new proprietary technology product for 
diagnosing sewer blockages. These wins will reinforce our financial performance not only for 2019 but also 
for 2020 and beyond. We and our stakeholders are ready for the exciting journey ahead. 

Water Intelligence plc 
3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

Financial Performance and Attributes for Scaling Operations 

Financial Performance 

As  noted  above,  we  have  reaffirmed  our  stated  objective  of  sustainable  multinational  growth.    Water 
Intelligence revenue growth for 2018 was again strong at 45% year-over-year reaching $25.5 million (2017: 
$17.6 million). Profit before tax grew even faster at 53% year-over-year to $1.8 million (2017: $1.1 million).  
These  results  are  not  atypical.    Rather,  they  reflect  a  consistent  pattern  of  high  performance  that  is 
accelerating.  From 2014 to 2018, we achieved compound annual growth rates (CAGR) of 37% in terms of 
revenue and 32% in terms of profit before tax (2014: Revenue of $7.2 million; PBT of $0.6 million).  More 
recently, from 2016 to 2018, we achieved an even higher revenue CAGR of 45% and a higher PBT CAGR 
of  51%  (2016:  Revenue  of  $12.2  million;  PBT  of  $0.8  million).    And,  of  course,  these  accelerating 
percentage increases have taken place over a base of numbers that is getting larger each year. 

Our extraordinary results are reflected across both ALD and WII subsidiaries.  We will discuss various key 
performance indicators (KPI’s) in our Strategic Report and draw on segmental information tables provided 
herein. Our core ALD business grew strongly year-over-year as consumers continue to face higher water 
bills in the US and our business-to-business channel delivers more jobs from insurance companies seeking 
to  minimize  claims  by  deploying  our  minimally  invasive  leak  detection  solutions.    As  conveyed  in  our 
segmental tables, ALD revenue grew 45% to $22.6 million (2017: $15.5 million).  ALD profit before tax grew 
43% to $3.0 million (2017: $2.1 million).   

Two comments highlight the success of our business plan.  First, given ALD’s sales footprint in 46 states 
of the US, we continue to prioritize our franchise System as our main distribution base of solutions.  We will 
drive this centerpiece of our business strategy even as we unlock shareholder value with selective franchise 
reacquisitions  and  conversions  into  corporate-operated  locations.    In  absolute  terms,  despite  franchise 
reacquisitions during 2018 that reduced the possible pool of royalty income, we grew royalty income 5.7% 
to $6.3 million (2017: $5.9 million).  We should underscore that our royalty income masks somewhat the 
scale of the  ALD  franchise business.   Since  we  derive such  royalties from a  percentage (6-10%) of the 
gross  sales  of  our  franchisees,  the  actual  sales  to  end-user  customers  of  our  ALD  franchisees  grew  to 
approximately $85 million. As we have noted, combined with our corporate-operated sales, total sales to 
third parties from our ALD brand exceed $100 million. 

To  enlarge  the  revenue  base  of  the  franchise  System,  we  continue  to  grow  our  business-to-business 
insurance channel through which our corporate administration sources residential leak detection jobs from 
major insurance companies via a central processing system and then feeds the franchise system directly. 
Sales attributable to the business-to-business channel grew 93% to $5.0 million (2017: $2.6 million).  This 
channel is expected to continue its rapid growth, reinforced by our May 2019 national insurance contract 
win  –  our  third  formal  contract  with  one  of  the  major  insurance  companies.  During  2018  this  channel 
generated approximately 50,000 jobs (2017: 35,000). While the profit margins on such channel sales are 
lower than margins based on royalty where franchisees source jobs, such as pool leaks, at a local level, 
the trade-off is sensible as layering-in a big, supplementary business line that expands the ALD brand. The 
added administration / marketing expense assumed by corporate operations leading to channel sales with 
8% margin versus franchise royalty with 20% margin has the collateral benefit of advancing the brand and 
market capture for an important $13 billion pain point, as noted above, for water-damage insurance claims.  

Second,  the  selective  reacquisition  of  franchises  and  conversion  into  corporate-operated  locations 
continues  to  unlock  shareholder  value.  As  a  strategic  matter,  reacquisitions  provide  regional  corporate 
support for continued franchisees’ growth. As a financial matter, total sales from corporate locations grew 
70%  to  $10.1  million  (2017:  $5.9  million)  as  corporate  staff  executed  shoulder-to-shoulder  with  our 
franchisees in expanding our common ALD brand.  In executing corporate operations, we have been able 
to  grow such locations faster than  they  were  growing  before  they  became corporate  operations.   In our 
Strategic  Report,  to  distinguish  organic  growth  from  growth  simply  through  reacquisition,  we  show  that 
corporate operated locations held before January 1, 2017 have organically grown sales 34%.  (2018: $8.0 
million; 2017: $5.9 million). Further, margins improve after we reinvigorate the corporate location unlocking 
significant  shareholder  value  as  we  detail  in  the  Strategic  Report.    More  generally,  profit  margins  from 
corporate-operated  locations improved to 12% in  2018 from 4%  in  2017.  Such improvement  in margins 

Water Intelligence plc 
4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

generated incremental profits during 2018 of $1.0 million (2018: $1.2 million; 2017: $0.2 million) that we 
could reinvest.  Our operating plan for 2019 will be to keep pushing sales growth of corporate locations but 
continue to increase margins to levels closer to that of franchisees which are typically above 20%.  Hence 
selective reacquisitions  can  be a driver of the  share price  reflecting an  organic  expansion  of profits and 
equity multiple. 

We are executing the same process of growth and unlocking shareholder value with our WII subsidiary.  It 
is useful to remember that WII is a relatively new addition, launching in Q4 2016 to take advantage of the 
growth in infrastructure spending among municipalities in both clean water and wastewater.  Because ALD 
is focused on providing residential and commercial solutions but well known in communities across the US, 
our goal is to use the municipal expertise of WII to layer-in a supplementary business line leveraging ALD’s 
presence and reputation for excellence across the US. During 2018, WII grew 39% to $2.9 million (2017: 
$2.1 million); a growth trajectory similar to that of ALD.  Moreover, after initial start-up losses during 2017, 
we are now not only growing sales but also generating profit before taxes.  As the segmental information 
indicates,  during  2018  we  had  a  substantial  swing  of  approximately  $200,000  in  moving  from  “red”  to 
“black”. (2018: $0.03 million; 2017: ($0.16) million).  Further, we are pleased with the synergies unlocked 
among operating units.  During 2018, we used municipal wins to support growth in corporate sales both in 
Sydney, after a franchise reacquisition, and in select locations across the US.  During 2019 we are using 
the same strategy to support corporate sales in Ontario, Canada after a recent franchise reacquisition and 
municipal work across the US with several new contracts.  These efforts supplement the growth of the ALD 
brand. 

Our strong financial performance reinforces our already strong balance sheet. Cash as of December 31, 
2018 was approximately $5.0 million and net cash after taking into account all bank debt (short and long-
term) was approximately $2.6 million.  Moreover, during 2018, we generated free cash flow of $1.1 million 
in cash from operations (post-tax and working capital movements).  This represented an 80% growth  in 
free cash flow year-over-year (2017: $0.6 million).  As a result, our business plan and financial capability to 
execute such plan is on a solid footing. 

Attributes for Scaling Rapidly 

Our mission has been to create a world-class multinational growth company. The size and importance of 
the global addressable market for clean water and wastewater solutions affords us a great opportunity to 
seize.  To date, we have executed  our plan  in disciplined way.  With our performance over the last five 
years, we have put ourselves in position to make good on our long-run ambition. However, in getting from 
here to there, scaling of operations is always a challenge for every successful company.  

In tandem with our financial performance reported above, we would like to communicate to our shareholders 
that our execution plan has achieved five attributes that reinforce our ability to manage growth and scale 
operations: (i) a critical mass of existing sales to leverage into more sales (reduced customer acquisition 
costs); (ii) strong momentum with sales to push through any near-term bumps; (iii) a complementary matrix 
of product offerings to smooth out growth over the medium term; (iv) a suite of products that improve the 
long-run  microeconomics  of  the  business  (i.e.  reinforce  upselling  and  cross-selling);  and  (v)  brand 
differentiation for ready consumer choice at all times.  These attributes support  our efforts to accelerate 
execution towards the next milestone of $250 million of total sales (franchise and corporate). 

First, we have gained critical mass to take advantage of the market opportunity.  Under IFRS accounting, 
Water  Intelligence  revenue  passed  $25  million  during  2018.    However,  as  noted  above,  between  direct 
sales  and  indirect  sales  to  end-users  via  our  franchise  system  (recorded  as  royalty  income),  Water 
Intelligence has really passed over $100 million in sales to customers of our brand.  Coupled with our sales 
and  distribution  footprint  in  46  states  of  the  US,  UK,  Australia  and  Canada,  we  have  a  real  base  of 
operations and brand recognition from which to reach the next level of $250 million of direct and indirect 
sales  of  our  solutions.  Moreover,  geographic  distribution  of  operations  in  three  continents  provides  us 
sufficient leverage for market capture. Given the size of the global addressable market for preventing water 
loss and dealing with wastewater, we can not only expand much deeper in our current geographies but 
also, at some point, extend operations into Latin America from the US, and into Asia, Middle East and Africa 

Water Intelligence plc 
5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

with strategic partners. As noted below, we are already exploring working with a major Japanese company 
to expand into Asia. Our WII team has operating experience in all of these extended geographies. 

Second, as discussed above, we have strong momentum from which to take advantage of having critical 
mass. From 2016-18, we have achieved a revenue CAGR of 45% and a profit before tax CAGR of 51%; 
and that  horizon shows  acceleration from  2014-18  which  yielded  a 37%  revenue CAGR  and 31%  profit 
before tax CAGR. Our team already has a good feel for digesting strong growth. 

Third,  we  have  established  a platform with  a suite of  solutions that  provides a  matrix of complementary 
offerings  for  customers:  (i)  products  and  services  for  leak  detection  and  repair  of  both  clean  water  and 
wastewater  pipes;  (ii)  applications  and  experience  in  delivering  for  consumers,  businesses  and 
municipalities; and (iii) two operating subsidiaries for execution focus – one on each side of the Atlantic.  
Such  a  platform  provides  structure  for  taking  advantage  of  critical  mass  and  momentum  from 
complementary business lines. 

Fourth,  our  broad  solutions  matrix  enables  lower  customer  acquisition  costs  and,  correspondingly, 
increased margins from reduced marketing and delivery expenses.  Scale always requires improving the 
microeconomics of market capture to enable greater efficiencies and reinvestment.  Our complementary 
business lines enable us to provide solutions all along the water value chain from monitoring to pinpoint 
leak  detection  to  repair  to  prevention.    Our  range  of  solutions  provide  customers  with  ready  means  of 
addressing all of their problems in a comprehensive way and our technicians with opportunities for efficient 
upselling  since  they  are  already  on-site.    Moreover,  our  two  complementary  subsidiaries  –  ALD  for 
residential and commercial solutions and WII for municipal solutions – enable cross-selling opportunities 
reducing customer acquisition costs. Such upsales and cross-sales opportunities transform the economics 
available for Water Intelligence. For example, we gain customer leads for municipal contracts based on our 
reputation in providing solutions for homeowners in residential communities and vice versa.  Additionally, 
once  we  pinpoint  the  water  leak,  customers  prefer  for  us  to  also  finish  the  job  with  repair  thus  creating 
operating  efficiencies  and  value  for  customers.    Beyond  these  operating  efficiencies,  it  must  be 
remembered  that  our  core  value  proposition  of  leak  detection  and  repair  with  minimal  invasion  enables 
Water Intelligence to maintain its pricing margins. 

Finally, we have strengthened our brand by creating a products and services matrix that is distinguishable 
because of its use of proprietary and third-party technologies to enable precision detection and repair of 
pipes  to  produce  minimally-invasive  outcomes.    Moreover,  while  we  have  been  achieving  high  financial 
performance, we have not forgotten to reinvest in our technology profile. For our WII business, during 1H 
we are rolling-out our proprietary sewer diagnostic product.  We provided a first public viewing in February 
at the Worldwide Water and Wastewater Technology  and Equipment Show in Indianapolis and received 
strong  interest  from  both  potential  customers  and  distribution  partners.    We  are  currently  reviewing  a 
licensing  structure  given  the  proprietary  nature  of  our  product.  Meanwhile,  to  further  activate  our  ALD 
distribution platform with the broader offering of home services solutions, we are developing an e-commerce 
and  video  display  technology  to  advance  direct-to-consumer  product  sales  to  help  with  water-related 
problems  such  as  water  quality.    In  March  2019  we  provided  demonstrations  in  Tokyo  with  a  major 
Japanese corporation with whom we would like to sell Water Intelligence solutions in Asia. 

First Third of 2019 and Outlook  

We have taken advantage of these attributes to accelerate the pace of execution during the first third of 
2019.  We have achieved wins for every part of our business plan. First, we have continued to expand the 
core ALD franchise business and our royalty income base by closing our third major insurance company 
partnership to feed our business-to-business channel.  Second, after making our franchise System more 
valuable  through  reacquisitions,  we  have  begun  to  sell  franchises  again  thus  adding  high  gross  margin 
revenue  and  profits.  Third,  we  have  continued  to  unlock  shareholder  value  through  the  strategic  re-
acquisition of franchises: Ontario, Canada; South Atlanta; and Orlando, Florida.  As indicated, reacquired  
corporate-operated  locations  continue  to  achieve  strong  organic  growth.    Our  WII  subsidiary  has  won 
additional strategic municipal contracts to help grow the upper northeastern part of North America: Eastern 
Michigan; Upstate New York; Ontario, Canada. These wins during the first third of the year will add critical 

Water Intelligence plc 
6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

mass and momentum to the development of our operating platform.  As we roll-out our new technologies 
during Q2 and Q3, we will be reinforcing our brand definition setting the stage for further acceleration as 
we head into 2020. 

We are excited by the prospects for 2019.  Our products and solutions cultivate a technology profile for the 
marketplace.    We  see  ourselves  in  this  light  and  not  in  traditional  analyst  categories  such  as  “support 
services.”    To  date,  water  management  has  lagged  behind  other  aspects  of  the  smart  home  such  as 
information, gas and electric.  We aim to change that and seek to capitalize on the “Insuretech” opportunity.  
Our technology profile and recurring income from royalty and business-to-business channels enable us to 
navigate towards a higher valuation multiple based on our asset characteristics. 

We remain confident about delivering  on  our  vision  to create  a world-class  water  infrastructure  services 
company.  The addressable market is huge and technology is transforming the nature of solutions.  We are 
in  a  great  position  to  help  lead  change  with  respect  to  a  natural  resource  that  is  precious  and  inspires 
passion. 

Dr. Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 

8 May 2019

Water Intelligence plc 
7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Business Review and Key Performance Indicators 

The Chairman’s Statement, on pages 3-7, provides an overview of the year and the outlook for Water 
Intelligence plc and its subsidiaries, referred to as the “Group”. The business indicators offered below 
are  meant  to  capture  for  the  Board  not  only  the  state  of  performance  but  also  the  evolution  of  our 
business model to a platform company that is a “One-stop Shop” for customers through the cross-sale 
of solutions across our business units and the up-sale of technology products to our installed base of 
customers.  

The Water  Intelligence  platform  has  two  wholly-owned  subsidiaries:    American  Leak  Detection  (ALD) 
and  Water  Intelligence  International  (WII).    These  business  units  are  distinguished  by  the  degree  of 
franchise-operated  and  corporate-operated  locations  and  their  respective  priorities  on  residential, 
business-to-business and municipal customers. ALD, our core business, is largely a franchise business 
with strategic corporate-operated locations.  ALD is a leader in using technology to pinpoint and repair 
water leaks without destruction. Solutions target both residential and business-to-business customers, 
such  as  insurance  companies,  which  value  our  minimally  invasive  value  proposition.    ALD  has 
approximately $100 million of sales to end-users of the brand that is expressed through direct sales via 
corporate-operated locations and indirect sales measured by royalty income from franchisees, which, in 
turn, is based on franchisee gross sales to end-users. With its installed and growing base of residential 
customers, ALD can also upsell technology home services products to meet growing consumer demand 
for solutions  to water loss and  water quality.  Meanwhile, WII, our UK-based operation  that the Group 
acquired  in  Q4  2016,  focuses  on  municipal  solutions  given  the  world-wide  problem  of  failing  water 
infrastructure. WII’s solutions are also technology-centered. It is exclusively a corporate-run unit that will 
lead the Group’s international expansion. WII does have the capability to execute ALD service offerings 
and  is  currently  doing  so  at  our  corporate-operated  location  in  Sydney.  WII  also  cross-sells 
complementary municipal offerings to ALD.  

The Group’s strategy includes both organic growth from ALD and WII solutions, as well as, unlocking 
sales  growth  and  shareholder  value  through  acquisition,  especially  by  selectively  converting  ALD 
franchises to corporate-operated locations. In doing so, some amount of the $85 million in indirect sales 
via  our  franchise  System  can  be  converted  from  royalty  income  to  the  Group’s  direct  P&L  (currently 
approximately $20 million of direct sales). One measure of unlocking value for shareholders from such 
reacquisitions  is  based  on  our  ability  to  grow  converted  corporate  locations  faster  than  would  be  the 
case  under  franchisee  operation.  As  a  byproduct  of  such  acquisition-led  growth,  it  is  important  to 
separate  continuing  operating costs from  non-core  costs  related  to transactions  that  are executed as 
part  of  the  Group’s  growth  plan.  Finally,  because  of  the  recurring  nature  of  royalty  income  from  the 
franchise business, the Group is able to be efficient in its capital formation using both equity and debt.  
As a result, it is important that the Group manage to the right balance in capital formation by monitoring 
the level of net borrowings.  

Six key performance indicators (KPIs) are used by the board to monitor the above described business 
model:  (i)  growth  in  ALD  franchise  royalty  income,  (ii)  growth  in  ALD  franchise-related  activities  that 
include both business to business sales and sales of parts and equipment, (iii) growth in ALD corporate-
operated locations in the United States, (iv) growth in WII corporate activities located outside the United 
States, (v) non-core costs and (vi) net borrowings. These six indicators are reported to the Board on a 
monthly basis and used to assist the board in the management of the business. 

2018 Conclusions Drawn From 6 KPIs: 

i. 

ii. 
iii. 

ALD Franchise System is expanding as indicated by royalty growth reinforcing our “One-Stop 
Shop” distribution platform 
ALD Business-to-Business Channel led by insurance jobs is expanding Franchise System 
ALD  Corporate-operated  locations  add  to  critical  mass  of  Group  revenue  and  profits  and 
selective  reacquisitions  from  expanding  our  franchise  System  unlocks  Group’s  shareholder 
equity value 

iv.  WII has achieved early traction and contributes complementary international municipal sales to 

ALD brand 
Non-core  costs,  largely  legal  transactions  costs,  are  an  acceptable  tradeoff  relative  to  the 
operating benefits 
Net-borrowing position is favorable for Group’s continued growth and business plan 

v. 

vi. 

Water Intelligence plc 
8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Franchise Royalty Income.  

(i) 
The continued growth of the core ALD franchise business is the foundation for the business strategy of the 
Group. ALD is the centerpiece of the Group’s distribution strategy as a “One-Stop Shop” platform because 
of  its  sales  footprint  in  46  states  of  the  US  and  multiple  locations  in  Australia  and  Canada.  Moreover, 
because of the recurring nature of its royalty stream, the Group is able to increase shareholder value in its 
capital formation with a mix of debt and equity. As System-wide franchisee sales increase, the Board can 
decide whether to selectively reacquire franchises and convert them to corporate operated locations adding 
critical mass of revenue and earnings to the Group or to keep adding high margin royalty income.  Royalty 
income in 2018 grew in absolute terms by 6% compared with 2017 despite significant reacquisitions during 
2018 which had the effect of reducing the eligible pool of royalty income. Such royalty growth is attributable 
in  part  to  the benefits  arising from  the Group’s  insurance channel  which expands the franchise  System. 
Profits before tax from this business line grew by 1% as the Group reinvested by adding staff expenses to 
further  develop  business-to-business  partnerships  to  fuel  future  royalty  growth.    The  Group  has  105 
franchises at the end of 2018 which represents a decrease of 4 franchises (2017: 109). The decreases 
were the results of reacquisition and conversion into corporate-run locations.   Performance from royalty 
income is as follows: 

Total USA 
International 
Total Group Royalty Income 
Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$'000 
6,087 
178 
6,265 
1,448 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$'000 
5,688 
237 
5,924 
1,428 

Change 
% 
7% 
(25)% 
6% 
1% 

Franchise-related Activities.  

(ii) 
US franchise-related activities provide supporting evidence for strength of the core ALD business.  Parts 
and equipment sales are an indication of franchisee reinvestment in growth of their respective operations.  
Business-to-Business  channels,  such  as  insurance  and  property  management  represent  national 
customers and are an indication that these customers value ALD’s nationwide sales footprint – an important 
aspect of competitive strategy. Jobs for franchisees are sourced by the Group from insurance companies 
using  a  centralized  processing  system.  The  jobs  are  then  dispatched  to  franchisees  from  corporate 
administration. Finally, sales of franchise units represent the decision to develop a new territory through a 
franchisee.  This line item, correspondingly, is also a reflection of the Group’s priority with respect to adding 
corporate-operated locations in order to develop a territory.  Revenue from franchise-related activities grew 
by  69%  compared  to  2017  largely  because  of  the  growth  of  the  Group’s  business  to  business  channel.   
Profits  before  tax  grew  54%  compared  with  2017.    Performance  from  franchise-related  activities  are  as 
follows: 

Parts and equipment sales 
Business-to-Business sales 
Sales of Franchise Units 
Total Revenue from US Other Activities    
Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$'000 
1,076 
5,023 
55 
6,154 
484 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$'000 
1,039 
2,601 
10 
3,649 
315 

Change 
% 
4% 
93% 
453% 
69% 
54% 

Water Intelligence plc 
9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

U.S. Corporate Operated Locations.  

(iii) 
Corporate-run  locations  support  the  franchise  System  with  marketing  and  execution  support  in  further 
developing territories. Performance of the US corporate-run locations is an indication of the success of the 
Group’s strategy to selectively reacquire ALD franchises and open new locations to meet increasing market 
demand  for  our  minimally  invasive  leak  detection  and  repair  solutions.  Corporate-operated  locations 
supplement royalty income and add a critical mass of revenue and profits directly to the Group accounts. 
The  Group  directly  operates  15  territories,  an  increase  of  4  territory  (2017:  11).  Sales  growth  from 
corporate-operated locations grew strongly both organically and from reacquisitions when compared with 
2017.   

This KPI table has been redesigned for 2018 to add information for the Board.  We have begun to measure 
the  difference  between  corporate  growth  through  reacquisitions  of  franchisees  and  corporate-operated 
organic growth.  We have included a line item for corporate locations owned during the comparison years.  
Holding aside 2018 franchise reacquisitions, sales growth from corporate-operated locations owned prior to 
2017 grew 34% to $8 million.  Profit before taxes also grew both in absolute terms and, importantly in terms 
of margin (2018:12%; 2017: 4%) despite increased reinvestment expense for accelerated sales growth.   

Table (iii) also enables us to assess the trade-off between franchise royalty growth and corporate-operated 
growth by examining yield in terms of Group profit before tax. Corporate store profit before tax amount to 
$1.2 million.   By comparison,  ALD  corporate-operated  2018 sales of $10.1 million  would  have  produced 
only approximately $0.28 million of profit before tax for the Group if such $10.1 million of sales to end-users 
had originated from franchisees subject to a 7.25% royalty to the Group.  ($10.1 million of sales multiplied 
by  7.25%  royalty  equals  approximately  $0.73  million;  and  $0.73  million  is  then  multiplied  by  23%  profit 
margin of royalty income - see KPI #1 – to yield $0.28 million).  The incremental profit of approximately $0.9 
to 1 million of profits when derived from corporate operations ($1.21 million vs. $0.28 million) adds valuation 
to the Group at its trading multiple. On the other hand, as a risk adjusted matter, recurring royalty revenue 
is especially valuable for optimal capital formation through non-dilutive bank finance.  The Board will use 
this KPI to evaluate the trade-offs. Performance from corporate-operated locations is as follows: 

Revenue 
     Full Year 2018 and 2017 
     New locations 
Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$'000 
10,141 
7,961 
2,180 
1,213 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$'000 
5,948 
5,948 
- 
350 

Change 
% 
70% 
34% 
N/A 
247% 

International Corporate Operated Locations.  

(iv) 
The Group continues to strengthen its multinational presence through its UK-based WII subsidiary. WII 
was established during Q4 2016 with the acquisition of NRW Utilities Ltd.  WII expanded its operational 
scope by managing the corporate location established in Sydney, Australia after the reacquisition of a 
former ALD franchisee.  

The objective was for UK-based WII to lead the Group’s international expansion.  Sales have grown 
strongly at 39% during 2018 to $2.9 million. (2017: $2.1 million). Most importantly, within a year of 
operations WII has had a sizeable swing of $0.2 million in moving from start-up losses to profits while still 
achieving strong sales growth. Moreover, while still leading the Group’s international growth strategy, WII 
is working during 2019 to accelerate the pace of cross-selling to the US, Australian and Canadian 
operations of ALD unlocking shareholder value. Performance from Water Intelligence International is as 
follows: 

Water Intelligence plc 
10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Water Intelligence International 
Sydney 

Total Revenue from International 
Corporate Activities  

(Loss)/Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$'000 
1,628 
1,279 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$'000 
1,398 
696 

Change 
% 
16% 
83% 

2,907 

31 

2,094 

39% 

(157) 

Into profit 

Non-Core Costs.  

(v) 
During  2018,  the  Group  incurred  what  are  considered  to  be  non-core  costs  relating  to  (i)  legal  costs 
relating to transactions executed for the future growth of the business and (ii) a prepayment issue for a 
service that had not been performed at year end. As discussed herein, understanding non-core costs, 
as  distinct  from  continuing  operating  costs,  enables  the  Board  to  evaluate  capital  allocation  choices 
made  to  accelerate  operations  organically  and  to  scale  through  acquisition.  In  2018,  there  were 
$287,000  of  non-core  costs.  During  2017,  there  were  $198,000  of  non-core  costs.  Please  see  table 
below for details: 

Product development legal costs 
Corporate store extraordinary legal and post-acquisition 
Pre-payment provision 
Share reorganization and capital raising 
Legal costs of acquisitions  
Other legal costs 
Total 

Year ended 
31 December 2018
$’000  
60  
32  
60  
-  
-  
135  
287  

Year ended 
31 December 2017
$’000
-
-
-
141
19
38
198

Net Borrowings.  

(vi) 
Management of financial resources is important for making various decisions regarding the rate of 
growth of operations.  As noted herein, the recurring income from franchise royalty provides the Group 
with attractive attributes for using bank debt to complement equity sources of capital.  In the current 
macroeconomic environment, bank debt is a relatively cheaper cost of capital than equity.  Despite the 
growth of annual royalty income to $6.2 million which far exceeds the yearly amortization of the debt 
the Board takes a conservative approach to capital formation. During 2018 net debt was eliminated 
through a combination of an equity issuance and growth of cash from operations.  Net cash is currently 
approximately $2.6 million. 

Group 

Lines of credit: acquisition and working capital 
Term loan 

Less: Cash 

Held in US Dollars 
Held in £ Sterling 
Held in AU Dollars 

Total Net Borrowings/(Cash) 

Water Intelligence plc 
11 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018 
$'000 
1,616 
822 
2,438 

3,569 
1,239 
208 
5,016 
(2,578) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017 
$'000 
813 
1,217 
2,030 

601 
397 
59 
1,057 
973 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 Strategic Report 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 
The  Group’s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for  measuring  and  managing  risk  are  described  in 
note 23. The principal risks and uncertainties to which the Group is exposed include: 

Market Risk 

The Group’s activities expose it to the financial risk of changes in foreign currency exchange rates as 
it undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. There has been no change to 
the Group’s exposure to market risks. The Group monitors exposure to foreign exchange rate changes 
on a daily basis by a daily review of the Group’s cash balances in the US, UK and Australia. 

Interest Rate Risk 
The Group’s interest rate risk arises from its short and term loan borrowings. 

Whilst borrowing issued at variable rates would expose the Group to cash flow risks, as at year-end, 
the Company does not have any variable rate borrowings. 

Credit Risk 
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its cash and cash equivalents and trade 
receivables. The credit risk on other classes of financial assets is considered insignificant. 

Liquidity Risk 
The  Group  manages  its  liquidity  risk  primarily  through  the  monitoring  of  forecasts  and  actual  cash 
flows. 

Other Risks 
There is a risk that existing and new customer relationships and R&D will not lead to the sales growth. 
The Group is reliant on a small number of skilled managers. Further, the Group is reliant on effective 
relationships with its franchisees, especially in the US. 

By order of the Board 

Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 

8 May 2019 

Water Intelligence plc 
12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

The  Directors  present  their  report  on  the  affairs  of  Water  Intelligence  plc  (the  “Company”)  and  its 
subsidiaries, referred to as the Group, together with the audited Financial Statements and Independent 
Auditors’ report for the year ended 31 December 2018. 

Principal Activities 
The  Group  is  a  leading  provider  of  minimally-invasive  leak  detection  and  remediation  services.  The 
Group’s strategy is to be a “One-stop Shop” for solutions (including products) for residential, commercial 
and municipal customers. 

Results 
The financial performance for the year, including the Group’s Statement of Comprehensive Income and 
the Group’s financial position at the end of the year, is shown in the Financial Statements on pages 28 to 
34. 

2018 was marked by sustained and balanced multinational growth for both ALD and WII – ideal for 
scaling  of  operations.    Total  revenue  grew  45%  and  profit  before  tax  grew  53%  when  compared 
with 2017.  Our ALD subsidiary grew revenue 45% and profit before tax 43% when compared with 
2017.    Our WII  subsidiary  grew  revenue  39%  and  turned  sharply  from  start-up  losses  in  2017  to 
profits alongside its revenue growth in 2018.  More generally, Water Intelligence 2018 results are 
consistent  with  its  2016-18  CAGR  of  45%  revenue  growth  and  51%  profit  before  tax  growth  and 
faster than its 2014-18 CAGR of 37% revenue growth and 32% profit before tax growth.  The splits 
between  ALD  and WII  revenue  remained  consistent  with  2017  with  approximately  88.6%  of  total 
revenue attributable to ALD and 11.4% of total sales attributable to WII. 

Going Concern 
The  Directors  have  prepared  a  business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to April 2020. The 
forecast contains certain assumptions about the level of future sales and the level of margins achievable. 
These  assumptions  are  the  Directors’  best  estimate  of  the  future  development  of  the  business.  The 
Directors  acknowledge  that  the  Group  in  the  near-term  is  funded  mainly  on  cash  generation  by  its 
profitable US-based franchise business, ALD.  However, the Directors also note that the Group has net 
cash of $2.6  million  on  its balance sheet  as of December  31,  2018  and  have  diversified  its operations 
further with WII.  Moreover, after an oversubscribed capital raise in March 2017, the Directors believe that 
funding will be available on a case-by-case basis for different additional initiatives.  The Directors conclude 
that  the  Group  will  have  adequate  cash  resources  both  to  pursue  its  growth  plan  and  to  accelerate 
execution if it so chooses. The Directors are satisfied that the Group has adequate resources to continue 
in operational existence for the foreseeable future and accordingly, continue to adopt the going concern 
basis in preparing the financial statements.    

Research Design & Development 
Expenditure on research and development, all of which was undertaken by third parties not related to 
the  Group,  was  $64,285  (2017:  $10,752).  The  Group’s  focus  is  currently  on  reinvestment  for 
commercialization  of  products  not  pure  R&D;  however,  Group  is  committed  to  anticipate  market 
demands and has spent money on product development during the year, which has been capitalised.  

Dividends 
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2017: $nil).  

Share Price 
On  31  December  2018,  the  closing  market  price  of  Water  Intelligence  plc  ordinary  shares  was  233.0 
pence. The highest and lowest prices of these shares during the year to 31 December 2018 were 450.0 
pence and 171.5 pence respectively. 

Water Intelligence plc 
13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

Capital Structure 
Details of the  authorised  and  issued share capital are shown in Note 21. No person has any special 
rights of control over the Company’s share capital and all issued shares are fully paid. 

Future Developments 
Future developments are outlined in the Outlook section of the Chairman’s Statement on page 6. 

Financial Risk Management 
Financial risk management is outlined in the principal risks and uncertainties section of the strategic report 
on page 10.  

Subsequent Events 
On 17 January 2019, the Company announced that Bobby Knell would replace John Weigold as a director 
on  the  Board  of  the  Company,  pending  regulatory  checks.  This  confirmation  of  this  appointment  was 
announced  on  12  March  2019.  Bobby  had  been  serving  as  a  managing  director  at  Water  Intelligence 
responsible for franchise relations for the last four years.  Prior to this role, Mr. Knell founded and grew 
the Dallas franchise of American Leak Detection into a multimillion dollar operation; an operation now run 
by his son. 

On 5 February 2019, the Company announced a series of corporate activity, including the acquisition of 
Ontario (Niagara) franchise, expanding  the Group’s corporate presence  into Canada and upstate New 
York; the sale of a new franchise territory for Youngstown, Ohio and financial support to a franchisee in 
Idaho,  accelerating  its  expansion  into  municipal  offerings.  In  addition,  the  formal  launch  of  the  ORCA 
municipal sewer product into the United States was announced.  

On 7 March 2019, the Company announced the acquisition of  its South  Atlanta and  Southern Georgia 
franchise.  This  territory  will  be  used  to  create  a  regional  corporate  presence  to  help  accelerate 
development  of  southeastern  franchises.  In  addition,  the  franchise  owner  has  agreed  to  stay  with 
American Leak Detection and open a new corporate location given his experience. 

On  28  March  2019,  the  Company  announced  the  acquisition  of  its  Orlando,  Florida  franchise.  The 
acquisition enables the Group to set up another regional office in Florida to support the growth of the ALD 
business throughout the southeast United States. Together, Orlando and Miami provide a critical mass of 
operating  personnel  to  grow  the  entire  southeast  United  States  providing  residential,  commercial  and 
municipal solutions.  During 2H, the Company will be opening a Water Intelligence International office in 
either Miami or Orlando in order to advance the Group's municipal line of business. 

On 4 April 2019, the Company announced the sale of a territory in Southern Georgia. This territory was 
undeveloped  and  used  to  be  part  of  the  franchise  acquired  by  the  Company  on  7  March  2019.  This 
transaction allows for optimization of franchise territory in the region and could be a model across the US 
enabling  more  sales  coverage  in  support  of  our  national  channels  and  incentivizing  ever  greater 
collaboration among corporate and franchise operations towards execution of our growth plan.  

On 4 April 2019 the Board granted 475,000 options with an exercise price of  475p and a four-year vesting 
requirement to employees and directors to incentivized continued high performance. In addition, a further 
50,000 options with an exercise price of 350p and a four-year vesting requirement were issued to vendors 
of reacquired franchises in 2019 and who are remaining in the employment of the Group. 

On 25 April 2019, the Company announced five new municipal contracts in the US to be launched in Q2 
by WII to underscore its value-add in cross-selling to territories being developed by ALD. 

On 1 May 2019, the Company announced the launch of its third national insurance contract with a major 
US insurance company and the expansion of its business-to-business channel. 

Water Intelligence plc 
14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

The provisional fair values of the acquisitions subsequent to year end are detailed below: 

Ontario 
$’000 

Orlando 
$’000 

Atlanta  
$’000 

Totals 
$’000 

Fair value of assets and liabilities acquired 
Equipment 
Vehicles 
Other 
Net assets acquired 

41,224 
51,435 
125,140 
217,799 

27,800 
46,300 
- 
74,100 

- 
- 
- 
- 

69,024 
97,735 
125,140 
291,899 

Consideration 
Cash  
Deferred consideration – discounted to present 
value 
Total consideration 

665,134 
76,000 
741,134 

673,000 
471,698 
1,144,698 

250,000 
175,000 
425,000 

1,588,134 
722,698 
2,310,832 

Intangible asset arising on acquisition  

523,335 

1,070,598 

425,000 

2,018,933 

Directors 
The Directors who served the Company during the year and up to the date of this report were as 
follows: 

Executive Directors 
Patrick DeSouza – Executive Chairman 
John Weigold (Resigned 16 January 2019) 
Bobby Knell (Appointed 12 March 2019) 

Non-Executive Directors 
Laura Hills (Appointed 6 March 2018) 
Michael Reisman 
David Silverstone 
Robert Mitchell (Resigned 6 March 2018)  

The  biographical  details  of  the  Directors  of  the  Company  are  set  out  on  the  Company’s  website 
www.waterintelligence.co.uk  

Water Intelligence plc 
15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ emoluments 

2018 

Executive Directors 
P DeSouza 
J Weigold 
Non-Executive Directors 
D Silverstone 
L Hills 
M Reisman 

2017 

Executive Directors 
P DeSouza 
Non-Executive Directors 
D Silverstone 
R Mitchell 
M Reisman 
J Weigold 

 Directors’ Report 

Salary, Fees & 
Bonus 

Benefits  Redundancy  

$ 

$ 

479,417 
125,000 

22,455 
- 

21,000 
20,000 
20,000 

- 
- 
- 

665,417 

22,455 

$  

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

Salary, Fees & 
Bonus 

Benefits  Redundancy  

$ 

450,000 

21,000 
103,645 
21,000 
15,000 

610,645 

$ 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

$  

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

Total 

$ 

501,872 
125,000 

21,000 
20,000 
20,000 

687,872 

Total 

$ 

450,000 

21,000 
103,645 
21,000 
15,000 

610,645 

Directors’ interests 
The Directors who held office at 31 December 2018 and subsequent to year end had the following direct 
interest in the ordinary shares of the Company at 31 December 2018 and at the date of this report, 
excluding the shares held by Plain Sight Systems, Inc.: 

Patrick DeSouza* 
Michael Reisman* 
David Silverstone 
Jon Weigold 
Laura Hills 

Number of shares at 
31 December 2018 
4,192,110 
173,466 
- 
- 
89,331 

% held at 31 
December 2018 
27.52 
1.14 
- 
- 
0.59 

Number of shares at 
8 May 2019 
4,192,110 
173,466 
- 
- 
89,331 

% held at 8 May 
2019 
27.52 
1.14 
- 
- 
0.59 

*Included in the total above, Patrick DeSouza received (i) 600,000 Partly Paid Shares during 2016 and (ii) 750,000 in March 
2018. These will not be admitted to trading or carry any economic rights until fully paid. 

*Patrick DeSouza and Michael Reisman are directors and shareholders in Plain Sight Systems, Inc. 

Share option schemes 
In order to provide incentive for the management and key employees of the Group, the Directors award 
stock options.  Details of the current scheme are set out in Note 7. 

Water Intelligence plc 
16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

Substantial Shareholders 
As well as the Directors’ interests reported above, the following interests of 3.0% and above as at the date 
of this report were as follows: 

Plain Sight Systems, Inc. 
State Street Nominees Limited 
Amati AIM VCT 
George D. Yancopoulos 
Oryx International Growth Fund Limited 

Number of shares
2,430,000
984,752
814,200
656,166
604,500

% held
19.98
7.09
5.34
4.31
3.97

Corporate Responsibility 
The Board recognises its employment, environmental and health and safety responsibilities. It devotes 
appropriate  resources  towards  monitoring  and  improving  compliance  with  existing  standards.  An 
Executive Director has responsibility for these areas at Board level, ensuring that the Group’s policies 
are upheld and providing the necessary resources. 

Employees 
The Board recognises that the Group’s employees are its most important asset. 

The  Group  is  committed  to  achieving  equal  opportunities  and  to  complying  with  relevant  anti-
discrimination  legislation.  It  is  established  Group  policy  to  offer  employees  and  job  applicants  the 
opportunity  to  benefit  from  fair  employment,  without  regard  to  their  sex,  sexual  orientation,  marital 
status, race, religion or belief, age or disability. Employees are encouraged to train and develop their 
careers. 

The Group has continued its policy of informing all employees of matters of concern to them as employees, 
both in their immediate work situation and in the wider context of the Group’s well-being. Communication 
with employees is effected through the Board, the Group’s management briefings structure, formal and 
informal meetings and through the Group’s information systems. 

Independent Auditors 
Crowe UK LLP has expressed their willingness to continue in office. In accordance with section 489 of 
the Companies Act 2006, resolutions for their re-appointment and to authorise the Directors to determine 
the Independent Auditors’ remuneration will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.  

Statement of disclosure to the Independent Auditor 
Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has 
confirmed that: 

 

 

so far as that director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the 
Group's auditor is unaware; and 

that director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be 
aware  of  any  relevant  audit  information  and  to  establish  that  the  Company  and  the  Group's 
auditor is aware of that information. 

By order of the Board 

Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 
 8 May 2019

Water Intelligence plc 
17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance 

As a Board, we believe that practising good Corporate Governance is essential for building a successful 
and sustainable business in the long-term interests of all stakeholders. Water Intelligence’s shares are 
listed on AIM, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange. 

With effect from September 2018, Water Intelligence has adopted the QCA Corporate Governance Code. 
The Company has adopted a share dealing code for the Board and employees of the Company which is 
in conformity with the requirements of Rule 21 of the AIM Rules for Companies. The Company takes steps 
to ensure compliance by the Board and applicable employees with the terms of such code. 

The following pages outline the structures, processes and procedures by which the Board ensures that 
high standards of corporate governance are maintained throughout the Group. 

Further details can be found on our website at www.waterintelligence.co.uk/corporate-board-and-
governance. 

Takeovers and Mergers 
The Company is subject to The City Code on Takeovers and Mergers. 

Board 
The Board, chaired by Patrick DeSouza, comprises two executive and three non-executive directors and it 
oversees and implements the Company’s corporate governance programme. As Chairman, Dr. DeSouza 
is responsible for the Company’s approach to corporate governance and the application of the principles 
of the QCA Code. Michael Reisman and Laura Hills are the Company’s independent directors. The Board 
is supported by two committees: audit and remuneration. The Board does not consider that it is of a size 
at present to require a separate nominations committee, and all members of the Board are involved in the 
appointment of new directors. 

Each Board member commits sufficient time to fulfill their duties and obligations to the Board and the 
Company. They are required to attend at least 4 Board meetings annually and join Board calls that take 
place between formal meetings and offer availability for consultation when needed. 

Board papers are sent out to all directors in advance of each Board meeting including management 
accounts and accompanying reports from those responsible. 

Meetings held during the period between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018 and the attendance of 
directors is summarised below: 

Patrick DeSouza 
John Weigold 
Michael Reisman 
David Silverstone 
Laura Hills (appointed 6 
March 2018) 
Robert Mitchell 
(resigned 6 March 2018) 

Board meetings 
Possible (attended) 
6/6 
6/6 
6/6 
6/6 
4/4 

2/2 

Audit committee 
Possible (attended)  Possible (attended) 

Remuneration committee 

2/2 
2/2 

1/1 

1/1 

Board Committees 
The Board has established an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee with delegated duties and 
responsibilities. 

(a) Audit Committee 
Laura  Hills,  Non-Executive  Director,  is  Chairman  of  the  Audit  Committee.  The  other  member  of  the 
Committee  is  David  Silverstone.  The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that  the  financial 
performance, position and prospects for the Company are properly monitored, controlled and reported on 
and for meeting the auditors and reviewing their reports relating to accounts and internal controls. 

Water Intelligence plc 
18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance 

(b) Remuneration Committee 
Michael Reisman, Non-Executive Director, is Chairman of the Remuneration Committee. The other member 
of the Committee is Laura Hills. The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing performance of 
Executive Directors and determining the remuneration and basis of service agreement with due regard for 
the  Combined  Code.  The  Remuneration  Committee  also  determines  the  payment  of  any  bonuses  to 
Executive Directors and the grant of options. 

The Company has adopted and operates a share dealing code for directors and senior employees on the 
same terms as the Model Code appended to the Listing Rules of the UKLA. 

Board Experience 
All five members of the board bring complementary skill sets to the Board. One director is female and four 
are male. The board believes that its blend of relevant experience, skills and personal qualities and 
capabilities is sufficient to enable it to successfully execute its strategy. In addition, the Board receives 
regular updates from, amongst others, its nominated adviser, legal counsel and company secretary in 
relation to key rule changes and corporate governance requirements, as well as regular liaison with audit 
firms both in the UK and the US in respect of key disclosure and accounting requirements for the group, 
especially as accounting standards evolve. In addition, each new director appointment is required to 
receive AIM rule training from the Company’s nominated adviser at the time of their appointment. 

Patrick J. DeSouza, Executive Chairman 

Term of office: Appointed as Executive Chairman in July 2010. 

Background and suitability for the role: Dr. DeSouza was Chief Executive Officer of American Leak 
Detection prior to its reverse merger to create Water Intelligence plc. He is a graduate of Columbia 
College, the Yale Law School and Stanford Graduate School. He has 25 years of operating and advisory 
leadership experience with both public and private companies in the defence, software/Internet and asset 
management industries. Over the course of his career, Dr. DeSouza has had significant experience in 
corporate finance and cross-border mergers and acquisition transactions. He has practised corporate and 
securities law as a member of the New York and California bars. Dr. DeSouza has also worked at the 
White House as Director for Inter-American Affairs on the National Security Council. He is the author of 
Economic Strategy and National Security (2000) and has been a visiting lecturer at Yale Law School. 

Bobby Knell, Executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed March 2019. 

Background and suitability for the role: Bobby has been serving as a managing director at Water 
Intelligence responsible for franchise relations for the last four years.  Prior to this role, Bobby founded 
and grew the Dallas franchise of American Leak Detection into a multimillion dollar operation; an 
operation now run by his son.  His appointment allows the alignment of interests between corporate 
operations and the growing American Leak Detection franchise business to continue growing strongly. 

Michael Reisman, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 30 July 2010. 

Background and suitability for the role: Professor Reisman currently serves as Myres S. McDougal 
Professor of International Law at the Yale Law School, where he has been on the faculty since 1965 and 
has previously been a visiting professor in Tokyo, Berlin, Basel, Paris, Geneva and Hong Kong. He is a 
graduate of Yale Law School. Professor Reisman is the President of the Arbitration Tribunal of the Bank 
for International Settlements and a member of the Advisory Committee on International Law of the 
Department of State. He has served as arbitrator and counsel in many international cases. He was also 
President of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States. 
Because of his experience and the international character of the Company, Professor Reisman leads 
matters of governance and remuneration. 

Water Intelligence plc 
19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance 

Laura Hills, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 6 February 2018. 

Background and suitability for the role: Laura has more than 30 years’ experience as a legal professional, 
having spent 10 years working for the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), where she 
served as Associate General for the agency’s finance program, supervising a team of lawyers on all 
finance transactions ranging from micro-lending and small business to multi-creditor infrastructure project 
financing in emerging market countries. Prior to this, she spent time in Argentina where she served as a 
foreign associate to various practices, with a focus on international trade, tax and domestic antitrust 
issues. Since 2002, Ms. Hills has worked at Hills, Stern & Morley LLP, an emerging markets legal 
boutique based in Washington D.C. Given her background in finance and transactions, Laura heads the 
Audit Committee. Laura holds undergraduate, graduate and law degrees from Stanford University. Laura 
brings considerable expertise in negotiating on infrastructure and renewables related transactions 
globally. 

David Silverstone, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 6 February 2018, having previously been an 
Executive Director since November 2011. 

Background and suitability for the role: David has been involved in water issues since the early 1970s. He 
served as Connecticut’s first consumer advocate on utility issues from 1974 to 1977. He then practiced 
law focusing on utility issues representing water, electric and gas utilities, consumer groups, large 
consumers and small power producers until 1999. From 1999 to 2000 he was Group Vice-President and 
Chief Administrative Officer of The Southern Connecticut Gas Company, a local gas distribution company. 
From 2001 until his retirement in 2008 he was Chief Executive Officer of the South Central Connecticut 
Regional Water Authority based in New Haven, Connecticut. The Authority has over 400,000 consumers, 
1600 miles of pipe, and an annual operating budget of over $75 million. Since his retirement he has been 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Science Park Development Corporation, a non-profit company 
charged with the redevelopment of commercial space adjacent to Yale University into a high 
tech/bioscience mixed use development. Mr. Silverstone graduated from Lehigh University with a B.A, and 
from Columbia University School of Law with a J.D. David’s experience in the water sector provides the 
Board with additional insight and knowledge as to how to work with the wider water industry 

The Group has a non-Board Chief Financial Officer, Pat LaMarco, who reports regularly to the Executive 
Directors and assist in the preparation of Board materials and in reviewing the budget and ongoing 
performance. 

The Company Secretary is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are followed and that all 
applicable rules and regulations are complied with. Adrian Hargrave currently performs the role of 
Company Secretary, providing an advisory role to the Board. The Company Secretary is supported and 
guided in this role by the Company’s legal advisors. 

The Directors have access to the Company’s CFO, NOMAD, Company Secretary, lawyers and auditors 
as and when required and are able to obtain advice from other external bodies when necessary. 

Board Performance and Effectiveness 
The performance and effectiveness of the Board, its committees and individual Directors is reviewed by 
the Chairman and the Board an ongoing basis. Training is available should a Director request it, or if the 
Chairman feels it is necessary. The performance of the Board is measured by the Chairman and Michael 
Reisman, one of the non-executive directors, with reference to the Company’s achievement of its strategic 
goals. 

Risk Management 

Water Intelligence plc 
20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance 

The Directors recognise their responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and have established 
systems to ensure that an appropriate and reasonable level of oversight and control is provided. The 
Group’s systems of internal control are designed to help the Group meet its business objectives by 
appropriately managing, rather than eliminating, the risks to those objectives. The controls can only 
provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The Executive Chairman with the assistance of the Company Secretary and the Chief Financial Officer 
manages a risk register for the group that identifies key risks in the areas of corporate strategy, financial, 
clients, staff, environmental and the investment community. The Governance Committee of the board are 
provided with a copy of the register. The register is reviewed periodically and is updated as and when 
necessary. 

Within the scope of the annual audit, specific financial risks are also evaluated in detail, including in 
relation to foreign currency, interest rates, debt covenants, taxation and liquidity. 

The annual budget is reviewed and approved by the Board. Financial results, with comparisons to budget 
and latest forecasts are reported on a monthly basis to the Board together with a report on operational 
achievements, objectives and issues encountered. Significant variances from plan are discussed at Board 
meetings and actions set in place to address them. 

Approval levels for authorisation of expenditure are at set levels throughout the management structure 
with any expenditure in excess of pre-defined levels requiring approval from the Executive Chairman and 
the Chief Financial Officer. 

Measures continue to be taken to review and embed internal controls and risk management procedures 
into the business processes of the organisation and to deal with areas of improvement which come to the 
management’s and the Board’s attention. We expect the internal controls for the business to change as 
the business expands both geographically and in terms of product development. 

The Company’s auditors are encouraged to raise comments on internal control in their management letter 
following their audit, and the points raised and actions arising are monitored through to completion by the 
Audit Committee. 

Corporate Culture 
Corporate Responsibility 

The Board recognises its employment, environmental and health and safety responsibilities. It devotes 
appropriate resources towards monitoring and improving compliance with existing standards. There is a 
professional Human Resources Director, Ann Tennero.  Ms.Tennero reports to David Silverstone who is 
responsible at the Board level. Mr. Silverstone ensures that the Group’s policies are upheld and providing 
the necessary resources. All members of the Board have significant experience in matters of public policy. 

Employees 

The Board recognises that the Group’s employees are its most important asset. 

The Group is committed to achieving equal opportunities and to complying with relevant anti-
discrimination legislation. It is established Group policy to offer employees and job applicants the 
opportunity to benefit from fair employment, without regard to their sex, sexual orientation, marital status, 
race, religion or belief, age or disability. Employees are encouraged to train and develop their careers. 
The Group has an employee handbook that is provided to all employees upon starting their employment 
within the Group. 

The Group has continued its policy of informing all employees of matters of concern to them as 
employees, both in their immediate work situation and in the wider context of the Group’s well-being. 

Water Intelligence plc 
21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance 

In addition, all directors and senior employees are required to abide by the Group’s share dealing code, 
which was updated in 2016 to reflect changes made to legislation following the introduction of the Market 
Abuse Regulation. 

Audit Committee Annual Review 
The role of the Audit Committee is to monitor the quality of internal controls and check that the financial 
performance of the Group is properly assessed and reported on. It receives and reviews reports from the 
Chief Financial Officer, other members of management and external auditors relating to the interim and 
annual accounts and the accounting and internal control systems in use throughout the Group. The 
members of the Audit Committee are Laura Hills (Chairman) and David Silverstone.  

The Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer are invited to attend parts of meetings, with other 
senior financial managers required to attend when necessary. The external auditors attend meetings to 
discuss the planning and conclusions of their work and meet with the members of the Committee. The 
Committee is able to call for information from management and consults with the external auditors directly 
as required. 

The objectivity and independence of the external auditors is safeguarded by reviewing the auditors’ formal 
declarations, monitoring relationships between key audit staff and the Company and tracking the level of 
non-audit fees payable to the auditors. 

The Committee met twice during the year, to review the 2017 annual accounts and the interim accounts to 
30 June 2018. The Committee reviewed with the independent auditor its judgements as to the 
acceptability of the Company’s accounting principles. 

In particular, the Committee discussed the application of the new accounting standards, IFRS9 and 
IFRS15, and the future application of IFRS16. The Committee reviewed and discussed the auditor’s 
comments on improvements which could be made to the internal controls. In addition, the Committee 
monitors the auditor firm’s independence from Company management and the Company. 

Remuneration Committee Annual Review 
The Remuneration Committee convenes not less than once a year and during the year it met on one 
occasion. The Committee comprises Michael Reisman and Laura Hills, with Michael Reisman as 
Chairman. The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing the performance of Executive 
Directors and determining the remuneration and basis of service agreement. The Remuneration 
Committee also determines the payment of any bonuses to Executive Directors and the grant of options. 
Where appropriate the Committee consults the Executive Chairman regarding its proposals. No Director 
plays a part in any discussion regarding his or her own remuneration. 

Relations with Shareholders 
The Company is available to hold meetings with its shareholders to discuss objectives and to keep them 
updated on the Company’s strategy, Board membership and management. 

The board also welcome shareholders’ enquiries, which may be sent via the Company’s website 
www.waterintelligence.co.uk. 

Water Intelligence plc 
22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

Directors’ Responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Financial Statements in accordance 
with the Companies Act 2006 and for being satisfied that the Financial Statements give a true and fair 
view.  The  Directors  are  also  responsible  for  preparing  the  Financial  Statements  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) as adopted by the European Union. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Financial Statements for each financial period which give 
a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and the Group and of the profit or loss of the 
Company  and  the  Group  for  that  period.  In  preparing  those  Financial  Statements,  the  Directors  are 
required to: 

 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

 

 

state  whether  applicable  accounting  standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material 
departures disclosed and explained in the Financial Statements; and 

prepare the Financial Statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the Company and the Group will continue in business. 

The Directors confirm that they have complied with the above requirements in preparing the 
Financial Statements. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that 
are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions, disclose with reasonable accuracy 
at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group, and to enable them to ensure that 
the Financial Statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. 

They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  ensuring  the  Annual  Report  and  Financial  Statements  are  made 
the  Group's  website 
available  on  a  website.  Financial  Statements  are  published  on 
(www.waterintelligence.co.uk)  in  accordance  with  legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the 
preparation  and  dissemination  of  Financial  Statements,  which  may  vary  from  legislation  in  other 
jurisdictions. The maintenance and integrity of the Group's website is the responsibility of the Directors 
–  the  work  carried  out  by  the  auditors  does  not  involve  the  consideration  of  these  matters  and, 
accordingly,  and the auditors accept no  responsibly for any  changes  that  may  have  occurred  in the 
accounts since they were initially presented on the website. The Directors' responsibility also extends 
to the ongoing integrity of the Financial Statements contained there

Water Intelligence plc 
23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of Water Intelligence plc (the “Parent Company”) and its 
subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2018, which comprise: 

 
 
 
 
 

the Group statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2018; 
the Group and parent company statements of financial position as at 31 December 2018; 
the Group and parent company statements of cash flows for the year then ended; 
the Group and parent company statements of changes in equity for the year then ended; and 
the notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the financial statements is 
applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European 
Union. 

In our opinion: 

 

 

 

 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent 
Company's affairs as at 31 December 2018 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended; 
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted 
by the European Union;  
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs 
as adopted by the European Union as applied in accordance with the provisions of the 
Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial 
statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which ISAs (UK) require us to 
report to you when: 

  The directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial 

statements is not appropriate; or 

  The directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties that 
may cast significant doubt about the Group’s or the parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the 
going concern basis of accounting for a period of at least twelve months from the date when the 
financial statements are authorised for issue.  

Overview of our audit approach 
Materiality 

In planning and performing our audit we applied the concept of materiality. An item is considered 
material if it could reasonably be expected to change the economic decisions of a user of the 
financial statements. We used the concept of materiality to both focus our testing and to evaluate the 
impact of misstatements identified. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined overall materiality for the Group financial 
statements as a whole to be $165,000, based on a measure of profit before taxation.  We  

Water Intelligence plc 
24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

use a different level of materiality (‘performance materiality’) to determine the extent of our testing for the 
audit of the financial statements.  Performance materiality is set based on the audit materiality as adjusted 
for the judgements made as to the entity risk and our evaluation of the specific risk of each audit area 
having regard to the internal control environment.   

Where considered appropriate performance materiality may be reduced to a lower level, such as, for 
related party transactions and directors’ remuneration. 

We agreed with management to report all identified errors in excess of $5,000. Errors below that threshold 
would also be reported to it if, in our opinion as auditor, disclosure was required on qualitative grounds. 

Overview of the scope of our audit 

The Group and its UK subsidiaries are accounted for from a location in the UK, whilst its material US 
subsidiaries and Australian subsidiary are accounted for from the US. Our audit was conducted from the 
main operating location in the UK and component auditors were used to carry the audit work in the US.  
We visited the US to carry out our review of component auditor working papers as well as meet with group 
and local management. 

Key Audit Matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified. These matters included those 
which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate 
opinion on these matters. 

This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit. 

Key audit matter 

Revenue recognition 

How the scope of our audit addressed the key 
audit matter 

Our audit procedures consisted of: 

from 

financial  statements. 

Revenue is recognised in accordance 
with  the  accounting  policy  set  out  in 
  This 
the 
includes  the  transition  to  IFRS  15  – 
Revenue 
contracts  with 
customers.  The  accounting  policy 
contains  a  number  of  judgements, 
particularly  in  recognising  when  the 
risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  have 
is 
passed 
the  buyer. 
the 
determined  with  reference 
the 
underlying 
purchaser. 

  This 
to 

contract 

with 

to 

Impairment of intangible assets 

to 

The carrying value of intangible assets 
relates 
franchisor 
trademarks, 
activities, goodwill on acquisitions and 
owned  stores  goodwill  and  indefinite 
life intangible assets.  There is a risk 
that  the  carrying  value  could  be 
impaired  as  a  result  of  reduced 
activity. 

Reviewing  management’s  assessment  of  the  impact  of 
IFRS 15 on the revenue streams in the business and the 
accounting policies 

Validating that revenue is recognised in accordance with 
the  accounting  policies  through  testing  an  appropriate 
sample of income from each revenue stream.  

Assessing the appropriateness of the related 
disclosures in the financial statements.  

We reviewed management’s assessment of the carrying 
value of the group’s intangible assets.  In considering this 
assessment, we evaluated: 

 The  discounted cash-flow forecasts  for the  group  and 
the  relevant  cash  generating  units.    This  assessment 
included  consideration  of  the  key  assumptions,  which 
principally included discount rate and growth rates. 
 Board minutes, budgets and other operational plans 
 Discussion with management over plans and intentions 

for the group 

Water Intelligence plc 
25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Our audit procedures in relation to these matters were designed in the context of our audit opinion as a 
whole. They were not designed to enable us to express an opinion on these matters individually and we 
express no such opinion. 

Other information 
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information 
included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our 
opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent 
otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information 
and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we 
identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine 
whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the 
other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this 
regard. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit  

 

 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the directors’ report and strategic report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or 
the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us 
to report to you if, in our opinion: 

  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for 

 

our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and 
returns; or 
 
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Water Intelligence plc 
26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Responsibilities of the directors for the financial statements 
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 18, the directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and parent 
company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the 
group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the 
Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 
of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. 
To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the 
company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

John Glasby (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of  
Crowe U.K. LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
St Brides House 
10 Salisbury Square 
London 
EC4Y 8EH 
8 May 2019 

Water Intelligence plc 
27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

for the year ended 31 December 2018   

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross profit 
Administrative expenses 
– Other Income 
– Share-based payments 
– Amortisation of intangibles 
– Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses 

Operating profit 
Finance income 

Finance expense 

Profit before tax 
Taxation expense 

Profit for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Notes 

4 

7 
13 

8 

9 

10 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018
$

25,466,651 

Year ended 
31 
December 
2017
$
17,615,178 

(5,669,616) 

(3,334,101) 

19,797,035 

14,281,077 

48,027 
(104,652) 
(327,201) 
(17,450,905) 

33,671 
(62,397) 
(317,259) 
(12,668,525) 

(17,834,731) 

(13,014,510) 

1,962,304 
28,003 

1,266,567 
13,928 

(235,957) 

(135,461) 

1,754,350 
(468,624) 

1,285,726 

1,145,034 
(286,330) 

858,704 

1,294,701 
(8,975) 

1,285,726 

913,250
(54,546)

858,704

Other Comprehensive Income 
Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign 
operations 

 Total comprehensive profit for the year 

24 

(439,517) 

(39,038) 

846,209 

819,666 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Profit per share attributable to equity holders of Parent  

 Basic 
Diluted 

11 
11 

The results reflected above relate to continuing activities. 

855,184 
(8,975) 
846,209 

Cents 
9.7 
9.1 

874,212  
(54,546)  
819,666  

Cents 
8.0 
7.5 

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
28 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2018 

Notes 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets 
Other intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Trade and other receivables 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Shares held in treasury  
Merger reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Reverse acquisition reserve 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable to Non-Controlling 
interest 
Non-controlling Interest 

Non-current liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 
Deferred tax liability 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

13 
13 
14 
17 

16 
17 
18 

21 
21 
21 

21 

23 
12 
20 

19 
23 
12 

2018 
$ 

2017 
$ 

6,254,967 
2,423,565 
1,732,527 
618,005 
11,029,064 

451,465 
4,211,981 
5,016,406 
9,679,852 
20,708,916 

3,304,506 
2,398,192 
762,459 
59,075 
6,524,232 

359,973 
2,820,315 
774,767 
3,955,055 
10,479,287 

101,915 
6,887,739 
- 
1,001,150 
239,740 
(743,198) 
(27,758,088) 
33,246,277 
12,975,535 

65,305  
980,436 
(210,150) 
1,001,150 
135,088 
(303,681) 
(27,758,088) 
32,021,892 
5,931,952 

100,499 

39,158 

1,448,303 
879,307 
316,221 
2,643,831 

1,635,311 
374,600 
115,233 
2,125,144 

2,550,280 
989,736 
1,449,035 
4,989,051 
20,708,916 

1,428,509 
394,525 
559,999 
2,383,033 
10,479,287 

The financial statements of Water Intelligence plc, company number 03923150, were approved by the 
board of Directors and authorised for issue on the 8 May 2019. They were signed on its behalf by:    
Patrick De Souza  
Executive Chairman 

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements.

Water Intelligence plc 
29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 Company Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2018 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Investment in subsidiaries 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Shares held in treasury  
Merger reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Retained earnings 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

Notes 

2018 
$ 

2017 
$ 

15 

17 
18 

21 
21 
21 

19 

6,971,382 

6,971,382 

7,411,412

7,411,412

4,818,232 
48,164 

4,866,396 
11,837,778 

1,750,787
76

1,750,863
9,162,275

101,915 
6,887,739 
- 
1,001,150 
239,740 
(2,013,369) 
5,360,880 
11,578,055 

65,305
980,436
(210,150)
1,001,150
135,088
(1,472,274)
6,055,205
6,554,760

259,723 

259,723 

2,607,515

2,607,515

11,837,778 

9,162,275 

The loss for the financial year in the financial statements of the parent Company was $694,325 (2017: 
costs $601,301), which related entirely to Plc costs. 

The financial statements of Water Intelligence plc, company number 03923150, were approved by 
the board of Directors and authorised for issue on the 8 May 2019. They were signed on its behalf 
by:    

Patrick De Souza  
Executive Chairman  

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2018 

Share 
Capital  
$ 

Share 
Premium 
$ 

Shares 
held in 
Treasury 
$ 

Capital 
Redemption 
Reserve 
$ 

Reverse 
Acquisition 
Reserve 
$ 

Merger 
Reserve 
$ 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
$ 

Retained 
(Losses)/ 
Earnings  
$ 

Non-
controlling 
interest 
$ 

Total 
$ 

Total 
Equity 
$ 

As at 1 January 2017 

64,257 

926,787 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 

1,048 

53,649 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(27,758,088) 

1,001,150 

72,691 

(264,643) 

31,108,642 

5,150,796 

93,704 

5,244,500 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

54,697 

Share buyback  

- 

- 

(210,150)  

-                        -                       -                        -                       -                        -                      

(210,150) 

Share-based payment expense 

                  -   

                   -   

Profit for the year 

                  -   

                   -   

Other comprehensive loss 

                  -   

                   -   

                    -   

                    -   

-                    
--   
-                    
-   
-                    
-   

                    -   

                   -   

                   -   

                  -   

      62,397   

               -   

               -   

-   

-   

-   

                -   

62,397 

-                
-   
-                
-   

913,250 

913,250 

(54,546) 

858,704 

(39,038) 

- 

(39,038) 

- 

(39,038) 

- 

- 

- 

54,697 

(210,150) 

62,397 

As at 31 December 2017 

65,305 

980,436 

(210,150) 

As at 1 January 2018 

65,305 

980,436 

(210,150) 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 
Purchase Non-controlling 
interest (NWAR) 

36,610 

5,907,303 

210,150 

- 

Share-based payment expense 

                  -   

Capital Contribution by non-
controlling interests 

- 

Profit for the year 

                  -   

                   -   

Other comprehensive loss 

                  -   

                   -   

As at 31 December 2018 

101,915 

6,887,739 

- 

-   

- 

- 

-                    
--   
- 

                    -   

                    -   

-                    
-   
-                    
-   
- 

- 

- 

                   -   

                  -   

- 

- 

- 

- 

(27,758,088) 

1,001,150 

135,088 

(303,681) 

32,021,892 

5,931,952 

39,158 

5,971,110 

(27,758,088) 

1,001,150 

135,088 

(303,681) 

32,021,892 

5,931,952 

39,158 

5,971,110 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,154,063 

- 

6,154,063 

(70,316) 

(70,316) 

(29,684) 

(100,000) 

                    -   

                   -   

                -   

104,652 

- 

104,652 

     104,652 

-                   
-   
- 

- 

-                   
--   

               -   

-   

-                
-   
- 

-                
-   

1,294,701 

- 

- 

100,000 

100,000 

1,294,701 

(8,975) 

1,285,726 

- 

(27,758,088) 

1,001,150 

239,740 

(743,198) 

33,246,277 

12,975,535 

100,499 

13,076,034 

               -   

(439,517) 

- 

(439,517) 

- 

(439,517) 

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
                   
                   
 
 
 
                   
 
 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2018 

Share 
Capital  
$ 

64,257 

Share 
Premium 
$ 

926,787 

1,048 

53,649 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Shares held 
in Treasury 
$ 
- 

- 

(210,150)  

- 

- 

- 

65,305 

65,305 

980,436 

(210,150) 

980,436 

(210,150) 

36,610 

5,907,303 

210,150 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

101,915 

6,887,739 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Capital 
Redemption 
Reserve 
$ 

Merger 
Reserve 
$ 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
$ 

Retained 
(Losses)/ 
Earnings  
$ 

Total Equity 
$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,001,150 

72,691 

(1,919,342) 

6,656,506 

6,802,049 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

62,397 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

54,697 

(210,150) 

62,397 

(601,301) 

(601,301) 

447,068 

- 

447,068 

1,001,150 

135,088 

(1,472,274) 

6,055,205 

6,554,760 

1,001,150 

135,088 

(1,472,274) 

6,055,205 

6,554,760 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

104,652 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,122,424 

104,652 

(694,325) 

(694,325) 

(541,095) 

- 

(541,095) 

1,001,150 

239,740 

(2,013,369) 

5,360,880 

11,578,055 

As at 1 January 2017 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 

Share buyback  

Share-based payment expense 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive loss 

As at 31 December 2017 

As at 1 January 2018 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 

Share-based payment expense 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive loss 

As at 31 December 2018 

 The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within owners’ equity: 

Share capital 

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value.  

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 

Shares held in treasury 

Amounts received for buyback of shares 

Merger reserve 

Non-distributable reserve arising on reverse acquisition. 

Share based payment reserve 

Amounts recognised for the fair value of share options granted in accordance with IFRS 2. 

Foreign exchange reserve 

Foreign exchange differences on re-translation. 

Retained profits/(losses) 

Cumulative net profits/(losses) recognised in the Financial Statements. 

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements.

Water Intelligence plc 
32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2018 

Cash flows from operating activities  
Profit before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash/non-operating items: 
Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Share based payments 
Interest paid 
Interest received 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018
$

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 

$             

1,754,350
`

355,897
327,201
104,652
235,957
(28,003)

1,145,034

168,817
317,259
62,397
135,461
(13,928)

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 

2,750,054

1,815,040

Increase in inventories 
Increase in trade and other receivables 
Decrease in trade and other payables 

Cash generated by operations 

Income taxes 

Net cash generated from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Reacquisition of franchises 
Interest received 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Issue of ordinary share capital  
Premium on issue of ordinary share capital 
Share buyback 
Interest paid 
Proceeds from borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings  

Net cash (used by)/generated from financing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

(91,492)
(1,950,597)
682,256

(32,471)
(654,040)
(30,301)

1,390,221

1,098,228

(267,636)

(476,178)

1,122,585

622,050

(789,591)
(352,574)
(330,174)
(1,762,917)
28,003

(3,207,253)

36,610
5,907,302
210,150
(235,957)
926,472
(518,270)

6,326,307

4,241,639
774,767
5,016,406

(444,976)
(197,000)
-
(195,000)
13,928

(823,048)

1,048
53,649
(210,150)
(135,461)
332,434
(122,644)

(81,124)

(282,122)
1,056,889
774,767

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements

Water Intelligence plc 
33 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2018 

Cash flows from operating activities  
Loss before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash/non-operating items: 
Share based payment expense 
Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 
Increase in trade and other receivables 
Increase in trade and other payables 

Cash used by operations 

Income taxes 
Net cash used by operating activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Issue of ordinary share capital 

Premium on issue of ordinary share capital 

Share buyback 

Net cash (used by)/generated from financing activities 

(Decrease)/Increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Year ended  
31 December 
2018 
$ 

Year ended  
31 December 
2017 
$ 

(694,325) 

(601,301) 

104,652 
(589,673) 
(3,067,445) 
(2,448,857) 

62,397 
(538,904) 
(592,344) 

1,017,992 

(6,105,975) 

(113,256) 

- 
(6,105,975) 

- 
(113,256) 

36,610 
5,907,303 

210,150 

6,154,063 

1,048 
53,649 

(210,150) 

(155,453) 

48,088 

(268,709) 

76 

268,785 

48,164 

76 

The accompanying notes on pages 35 to 66 are an integral part of these financial statements.

Water Intelligence plc 
34 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

1 

General information 

The Group is a leading provider of minimally invasive, leak detection and remediation services. The 
Group’s strategy is to be a “One-stop Shop” of water leak and repair solutions (services and products) 
for residential, commercial and municipal customers. 

The Company is a public limited company domiciled in the United Kingdom and incorporated under 
registered  number  03923150  in  England  and  Wales.  The  Company’s  registered  office  is  27-28 
Eastcastle Street, London W1W 8DH. 

The  Company  is  listed  on  AIM  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  These  Financial  Statements  were 
authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 8 May 2019. 

Adoption of new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards 

2 
A  number  of  new  and  revised  standards,  including  IFRS  9  and  15,  are  effective  for  annual  periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2018. Adoption of these standards, on a modified retrospective basis, 
has not had an impact on the Group’s financial statements, except the following, set out below: 

 

 

IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments  came  into  effect  on  1  January  2018  and  impacted  the  rules 
relating  to  the  classification,  measurement  and  impairment  of  financial  assets.  The  Group 
holds  all  financial  assets  with  the  intention  of  collecting  the  contractual  cash  flows,  and  no 
contractual terms have failed the “solely payments of principal and interest” test. In addition, 
moving from the “incurred credit loss” model under IAS 39 to the “expected credit loss model” 
had no effect on the results for the year ending 31 December 2017. 

IFRS  15  (Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers)  came  into  effect  on  1  January  2018 
replacing  IAS  18  Revenue  and related  interpretations. It  dealt  with  revenue recognition  and 
established principles for reporting useful information to users of financial statements about 
the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s 
contracts with customers. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of a good 
or service and thus has the ability to direct the use and obtain the benefits from the good or 
service. The Group has carried out a review of existing contractual arrangements as part of 
this process to identify the customer contracts, the performance obligations, the transaction 
price and when the performance obligation is satisfied, and has determined that there was no 
material  impact  on  the  Group’s  revenue  streams  as  set  out  in  the  sub-section  “Revenue 
Recognition” below. Particularly in respect of the sale of franchise territories, the Group will 
monitor on an ongoing basis the correct apportionment for each such sale between opening 
package fees, which are delivered upon or shortly after such a sale and territorial fees, which 
are  deferred  over  the  length  of  the  franchise  agreement  and  released  to  the  combined 
statements  of  comprehensive  income  on  a  straight-line  basis.  The  Group  does  not  expect 
such sales to be a material part of the Group’s revenue or income. 

In  addition,  for  the  financial  year  commencing  1  January  2019,  the  Group  and  Company  will  adopt 
IFRS 16, replacing IAS 17, in respect of its treatment of operating leases. On implementation of IFRS 
16,  the Group  will  recognise  a right  of  use  asset  and  corresponding  liability  in  respect  of  its current 
lease obligations.  

As set out in note 22, the Group has a number of property and vehicle leases. The future aggregate 
minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases at 31 December 2018 was $833,150, 
which would need to be fair valued and recognised as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet with 
a right to use asset also recognised.  

In 2018 the charge recognised in the consolidated income statement relating to operating leases was 
$707,490 (2017: $640,154) and was disclosed within operating expenses. Under IFRS 16, this charge 
would be reversed and a depreciation charge for the right of use asset would be recognised as well as 
an interest charge on the liability. The group has calculated that on transition the group will recognize 

Water Intelligence plc 
35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability estimated at $0.8m. There is not expected to be 
any material impact on the statement of comprehensive income. 

3 

Significant accounting policies 

Basis of preparation 
These  Financial  Statements  of  the  Group  and  Company  are  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis, 
under the historical cost convention (with the exception of share-based payments and goodwill) and 
in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  and  IFRIC  interpretations 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and adopted by the European Union, 
in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. The Parent Company’s Financial Statements have also 
been prepared in accordance with IFRS and the Companies Act 2006. 

The  preparation  of  Financial  Statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make 
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. 

The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and factors that are 
believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the circumstances,  the  results  of  which form  the  basis  of  making 
judgements  about  carrying  values  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  readily  apparent  from  other 
sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

The Financial Statements are presented in US Dollars ($), rounded to the nearest dollar. 

Going concern 
The  Group’s  business  activities,  together  with  factors  likely  to  affect  its  future  development, 
performance and position are set out in the Directors’ Report, Strategic Report and the Chairman’s 
Statement. The Directors have prepared a business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to April 
2020.  The  forecast  contains  certain  assumptions  about  the  level  of  future  sales  and  the  level  of 
margins achievable.  

These assumptions are the Directors’ best estimate of the future development of the business. The 
Directors acknowledge that the Group in the near-term is funded on a mixture of cash generation by 
its  profitable US-based, ALD  franchise  business and  its existing cash position, as well as available 
banking facilities. The Directors believe that the funding will be available on a case by case basis for 
different initiatives such that the Group will have adequate cash resources to pursue its growth plan. 

The  Directors  are  satisfied  that  the  Group  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in  operational 
existence for the foreseeable future and accordingly,  continue to  adopt  the  going  concern basis in 
preparing the financial statements. 

Basis of consolidation 
The  Group  financial  statements  consolidate  the  accounts  of  Water  Intelligence  plc  and  all  of  its 
subsidiary  undertakings  made  up  to  31  December  2018.  The  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Comprehensive  Income  includes  the  results  of  all  subsidiary  undertakings  for  the  period  from  the 
date  on  which  control  passes.  Control  is  achieved  where  the  Company  (or  one  of  its  subsidiary 
undertakings) obtains the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an investee entity 
so as to derive benefits from its activities. 

The  purchase  method  of  accounting  is  used  to  account  for  the  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  by  the 
Group. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments 
issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange. Identifiable assets acquired and 
liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their 
fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any minority interest. The excess of 
the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired 
is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the 
subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised directly in the income statement. 

Water Intelligence plc 
36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The  acquisition  of  ALDHC  in  2010  was  accounted  for  as  a  reverse  acquisition.  The  assets  and 
liabilities revalued at their fair value on acquisition therefore related to the Company. Both a merger 
reserve and a reverse acquisition reserve were created to enable the presentation of a consolidated 
statement  of  financial  position  which  combines  the  equity  structure  of  the  legal  parent  with  the 
reserves of the legal subsidiary. 

Inter-company  transactions  and  balances  and  unrealised  gains  or  losses  on  transactions  between 
Group companies are eliminated in full. 

Parent Company income statement – UK head office only 
The Company has taken advantage of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 in not presenting its 
own  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income.  The  Company’s  loss  after  tax  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2018 is $624,009 (2017: $601,301).  

Inventories 
The inventories, consisting primarily of equipment, parts, and supplies, are recorded at the lower of 
cost (FIFO) or market value. 

Provisions 
A provision shall be recognised only in the event that certain criteria are met, these being: 

 

 

 

An obligation has arisen as a result of the Group or Company’s past activities; 

A cash outflow will be required to settle the obligation; and 

A reliable estimate can be made of the obligation. 

Defined contribution pension scheme  
Water  Intelligence  International  provides  a  government  run  pension  scheme  under  UK  legislation. 
Employees  have  the  opportunity  to  opt  in  or  opt  out.  It  is compulsory  for companies  to  offer this  to 
their employees. This was implemented on 1 November 2017. 

Taxation 
Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax charge for the year. 

Current tax 
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as 
reported in the Statement of Comprehensive Income because it excludes items of income or expense 
that are taxable or deductible in other periods and it further excludes items that are never taxable or 
deductible. The Group’s and Company's liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have 
been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end. 

Deferred tax 
Deferred  income  taxes  are  provided  in full,  using the  liability  method, for  all  temporary  differences 
arising  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  in  the  Financial 
Statements.  Deferred  income  taxes  are  determined  using  tax  rates  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantially  enacted  and  are  expected  to  apply  when  the  related  deferred  income  tax  asset  is 
realised or the related deferred income tax liability is settled. 

The principal temporary differences arise from depreciation or amortisation charged on assets and 
tax losses carried forward. Deferred tax assets relating to the carry forward of unused tax losses and 
are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 
the unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each 
balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable profits will be 
available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. 

Foreign currencies 

(i) 

Functional and presentational currency 

Water Intelligence plc 
37 

 
 
 
  
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Items included in the Financial Statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic 
environment  in  which  each  entity  operates  (“the  functional  currency”)  which  is  considered  by  the 
Directors  to  be  Pounds  Sterling  (£)  for  the  Parent  Company  and  US  Dollars  ($)  for  ALDHC.  The 
Financial Statements have been presented in US Dollars which represents the dominant economic 
environment in which the Group operates and is the functional currency of the Group. The effective 
exchange rate  at  31  December  2018  was  £1  =  US$1.2670  (2017:  £1  =  US$1.2491).  The  average 
exchange rate for the year 31 December 2017 were £1 = US$1.3354 (2017: £1 = US$1.2880). 
Transactions and balances 
Foreign currency transactions  are translated  into the functional currency using  the  exchange  rates 
prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the 
settlement  of  such  transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  year  end  exchange  rates  of  monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income statement. 

(ii)  Group Companies 
The  results  and  financial  position  of  all  the  Group  entities  that  have  a  functional  currency  different 
from the presentational currency are translated into the presentational currency as follows: 

(a) 

(b) 

assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at closing 
rate at the date of the statement; 

the income and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for period where there is 
no significant fluctuation in rates, otherwise a more precise rate at a transaction date is used; 
and 

(c) 

all resulting exchange differences are recognised in equity. 

Leases 
Assets held under finance leases are initially recognised as assets at their fair value at the inception 
of  the  lease  or,  if  lower,  at  the  present  value  of  the  minimum  lease  payments.  The  corresponding 
liability to the lesser is included in the consolidated statements of financial position as a finance lease 
obligation. 

Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so 
as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses 
are recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, 
in  which  case  they  are  capitalised  in  accordance  with  the  Company’s  general  policy  on  borrowing 
costs. 

Contingent rentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred. 

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, 
except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic 
benefits from the leased asset are consumed. 

Contingent  rentals  arising  under  operating  leases  are  recognised  as  an  expense  in  the  period  in 
which they are incurred. 

In  the  event  that  lease  incentives  are  received  to  enter  into  operating  leases,  such  incentives  are 
recognised as a liability. The aggregate benefit of incentives is recognised as a reduction of rental 
expense  on  a  straight-line  basis, except where another systematic  basis  is more  representative of 
the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. 

Revenue recognition 

Revenue is measured based on consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in a contract 
with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. 

The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control of a product or service to a customer. 

Water Intelligence plc 
38 

 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Franchise royalty income 
The Group receives royalties from franchisees in various percentages of their gross monthly sales. 
Royalties are paid monthly in arrears based on the sales generated by franchisees in that month and 
as such recognised under the accrual method of accounting. 

Franchise related activities 
Service  revenue  is  recognised  when  the  services  are  rendered  and  complete.  This  also  applies  to 
services rendered by any  Business-to-Business channel.  In the case of Part and Equipment Sales, 
revenue is recognised when the item is delivered to franchisees, in the case of business-to-business 
sales,  the  sale  is  recognised  when  the  franchisee  is  assigned  the  relevant  work  and  in  the case  of 
franchise sales, cash is typically irredeemably received upfront and are included in deferred income 
until all set up requirements have been performed, with a small portion being recognised throughout 
the life of the franchise agreement. 

U.S. Corporate operated locations 
Sales of other goods and products, in particular corporate-operated locations, are recognised at fair 
value of the consideration received or receivable following delivery of the goods or services. 

International corporate activities  
For the majority of customers, revenue is recognised as invoiced, as the work is completed in the same 
reporting  period. Except  for  one  customer, where the work is  performed  in the reporting  period  prior to 
invoicing,  revenue  is  recognised  on  an  accruals  basis  in  the  reporting  period  in  which  the  work  is 
performed. 

Financial instruments 
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position 
when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.  

Loans and receivables 
Trade receivables, loans, and other receivables held with the objective to collect the contractual cash 
flows are classified as subsequently measured at amortised cost. These are initially measured at fair 
value plus transaction costs. At each period end, there is an assessment of the expected credit loss in 
accordance with IFRS 9; with any increase or reduction in the credit loss provision charged or released 
to  other  selling  and  administrative  expenses  in  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income.  IFRS  9  was 
adopted as at 1 January 2018 and as permitted the prior year actuals comparatives were not restated. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, and other short 
term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. 

Impairment of financial assets 

The Group  recognises an allowance for expected  credit losses (ECLs) for all debt  instruments not 
held at fair value through profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual 
cash  flows  due  in  accordance  with  the  contract  and  all  the  cash  flows  that  the  Group  expects  to 
receive,  discounted  at  an  approximation  of  the  original  effective  interest  rate.  The  expected  cash 
flows will include cash flows  from  the sale  of collateral  held or  other credit enhancements that are 
integral to the contractual terms. 

The  Group  always  recognises  lifetime  expected  credit  losses  ("ECL")  for  trade  receivables  and 
contract assets. The expected credit losses on these financial assets are estimated using a provision 
matrix based on the Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to 
the  debtors,  general  economic  conditions  and  an  assessment  of  both  the  current  as  well  as  the 
forecast conditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate. 

For  all  other  financial  instruments,  the  Group  recognises  lifetime  ECL  when  there  has  been  a 
significant increase  in credit risk since initial  recognition. However, if the credit risk  on  the financial 
instrument  has  not  increased  significantly  since  initial  recognition,  the  Group  measures  the  loss 
allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12‑month ECL. 

Water Intelligence plc 
39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Financial liabilities  
Financial liabilities, including borrowings, are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs 
and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

Equity instruments 
An  equity  instrument  is  any  instrument  with  a  residual  interest  in  the  assets  of  the  Company  after 
deducting  all  of  its  liabilities.  Equity  instruments  (ordinary  shares)  are  recorded  at  the  proceeds 
received, net of direct issue costs. 

Derecognition of financial liabilities 
The  Group  derecognises  financial  liabilities  when,  and  only  when,  the  Group’s  obligations  are 
discharged, cancelled or they expire. 

Property, plant and equipment 
All property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. 

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets 
as follows: 

Equipment and displays: 
Motor vehicles: 
Leasehold improvements: 

5 to 7 years 
5 years 
7 years or lease term, whichever is shorter 

The asset’s residual  values and economic lives are reviewed, and adjusted if  appropriate, at  each 
reporting date. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if 
the  asset’s  carrying  amount  is  greater  than  its  estimated  recoverable  amount.  Assets  that  are  no 
longer of economic use to the business are retired. 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount 
and are recognised within other (losses) or gains in the income statement. 

Goodwill 
Goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  over  the  fair  values  of  the 
identifiable net assets acquired. 

Goodwill  arising  on  acquisitions  is  not  subject  to  amortisation  but  is  subject  to  annual  impairment 
testing. Any impairment is recognised immediately in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income and not subsequently reversed. 

Other intangible assets 
Intangible assets are recorded as separately identifiable assets and recognised at historical cost less 
any accumulated amortisation. These assets are amortised over their definite useful economic lives 
on the straight-line method. 

Amortisation  is computed  using  the  straight-line method  over  the  definite  estimated  useful  lives  of 
the assets as follows: 

Covenants not to compete 
Customer lists 
Trademarks 
Patents 
Product development 

Years 

3 
5 
20 
10 
2 

Any amortisation is included within administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive 
income. 

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, 
either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed 
annually  to  determine  whether  the  indefinite  life  continues  to  be supportable.  If  not,  the change  in 
useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis. 

Water Intelligence plc 
40 

 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The asset’s residual  values and economic lives are reviewed, and adjusted if  appropriate, at  each 
balance sheet date. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount 
if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount 
and are recognised within other (losses) or gains in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Research and development 
Research expenditure is recognised as an expense when incurred. Costs incurred on development 
projects (relating to the design and testing of new or improved products) are recognised as intangible 
assets when the following criteria are fulfilled. 

 

It is technically feasible to complete the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or 
resale; 

  Management intends to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; 

 

 

 

 

There is an ability to use or sell the intangible; 

It can be demonstrated how the intangible asset will generate possible future economic 
benefits; 

Adequate technical, financial and other resource to complete the development and to use or sell 
the intangible asset are available; and 

The  expenditure  attributable  to  the  intangible  asset  during  its  development  can  be  reliably 
measured. 

Other development expenditures that do not meet these criteria are recognised as an expense in the 
period incurred. Development costs previously recognised as an expense are not recognised as an 
asset in a subsequent period. Capitalised development costs are recorded as intangible assets and 
are amortised from the point at which they are ready for use on a straight-line basis over the asset’s 
estimated useful life. 

Segment reporting 
A business segment is a group of assets and operations engaged in providing products or services that 
is subject to risks and returns that are different from those of other business segments.  

Impairment reviews 
Assets that are subject to amortisation and depreciation are reviewed for impairment when events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. Assets that 
are not subject to amortisation and depreciation are reviewed on an annual basis at each year end and, 
if  there  is  any  indication  that  an  asset  may  be  impaired,  its  recoverable  amount  is  estimated.  The 
recoverable amount is the higher of its net selling price and its value in use. Any impairment loss arising 
from the review is charged to the Statement of Comprehensive Income whenever the carrying amount 
of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. 

Share based payments 
The Group has made share-based payments to certain Directors and employees and to certain advisers 
by way of issue  of share options. The fair value of these payments  is calculated either using the Black 
Scholes option pricing model or by reference to the fair value of any fees or remuneration settled by way 
of granting of options. The expense is recognised on a straight-line basis over the period from the date of 
award to the date of vesting, based on the best estimate of the number of shares that will eventually vest. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The preparation of Financial Statements in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards 
requires  the  use  of  judgements  together  with  accounting  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the 
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the 
reporting  period.  Although  these  judgements  and  estimates  are  based  on  management’s  best 
knowledge of current events and actions, the resulting accounting treatment estimates will, by definition, 
seldom equal the related actual results.  

Water Intelligence plc 
41 

 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The  key  judgements  in  respect  of  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  are  in  respect  of  the 
accounting  for  acquisitions,  determination  of  separately  identifiable  assets  on  acquisition,  the 
determination  of  cash  generating  units,  the  evaluation  of  segmental  information,  the  evaluation  of 
whether there  is any indication  of any impairment in investments, intangibles,  goodwill or receivables 
and whether deferred tax assets should be recognized for tax losses. 

The estimates and assumptions that have a risk of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are the fair value of assets arising on acquisition 
(see note 12), carrying value of the goodwill, the carrying value of the other intangibles (see note 13) 
and the carrying value of the investments. Please see relevant notes for these areas. 

4 

Segmental Information 

In the opinion of the Directors, the operations of the Group currently comprise five operating segments, 
being (i) Franchise royalty income, (ii) Franchise-related activities (including product and equipment sales, 
business-to-business  sales  and  sales  of  franchises),  (iii)  U.S.  corporate  operated  locations,  (iv) 
International corporate operated locations and (v) head office costs.  Information reported to the Group’s 
Chief Operating Decision Maker (being the Executive Chairman), for the purpose of resource allocation 
and  assessment  of  division  performance  is  now  separated  into  the  four  income  generating  segments 
(items (i) to (iv)), and items that do not fall into these segments have been categorized as unallocated head 
office costs (v). 

The Group mainly operates in the US, with operations in the UK and certain other countries especially 
Canada and Australia. No single customer accounts for more than 10% of the Group's total external 
revenue. 

The  following  is  an  analysis  of  the  Group’s  revenues  and  profits  from  operations  and  assets  by 
business segment.  

Revenue 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Profit/(Loss) before tax 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 
Unallocated head office costs  
One-Time costs 
Total 

Water Intelligence plc 
42 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

$ 

6,264,839 
6,153,652 
10,140,892 
2,907,268 

25,466,651 

2017 

$ 

5,924,353 
3,649,200 
5,947,805 
2,093,820 

17,615,178 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

$ 

1,447,989 
484,036 
1,213,304 
31,219 
(1,135,435) 
(286,762) 
1,754,350 

2017 

$ 

1,427,858 
315,099 
349,609 
(157,141) 
(592,778) 
(197,613) 
1,145,034 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Assets 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Amortization 

US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 
Total 

Depreciation 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Finance Expense 

International corporate activities 
Unallocated head office costs 
Total 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

$ 

8,946,370 
1,764,171 
7,648,032 
2,350,344 

2017 

$ 

4,748,391 
359,972 
3,739,931 
1,630,993 

20,708,917 

10,479,287 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

$ 

298,357 
28,844 
327,201 

2017 

$ 

290,858 
26,401 
317,259 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 

$ 

- 
- 
278,884 
77,013 

355,897 

$ 

- 
- 
151,427 
15,992 

167,419 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$ 

40 
235,916 
235,957 

3,283 
132,178 
135,461 

For the purpose of monitoring segmental performance, no liabilities are reported to the Group’s Chief 
Operating Decision Maker. 

Geographic Information 

As noted herein, the Group has two wholly-owned subsidiaries – ALD and WII.  ALD has U.S. 
franchises and corporate-operated locations and international franchises and corporate-operated 
locations in Australia and Canada. Meanwhile, WII has corporate-operated activities outside the 

Water Intelligence plc 
43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

U.S.  We may also regroup the same information into US and Outside the US to capture the 
Group’s effort to be multinational company.  As indicated herein, the Group has had strong 
balanced growth in the US and abroad and across ALD and WII.  Between 2018 and 2017, 
International/Outside the US has grown to $3.1 million from $2.3 million. However, the percentage 
of International sales to Total sales has remained relatively constant at 12.1% (2017: 13.2%) 

Total Revenue 

Franchise 
royalty income 
Corporate 
owned Stores 
Franchise 
related 
activities 
International 
corporate 
Total 

Year ended 31 December 2018 

Year ended 31 December 2017 

US 
$ 

International 
$ 

Total 
$ 

US 
$ 

International 
$ 

Total 
$ 

6,087,083 

177,756 

6,264,849 

5,687,764 

236,590 

5,924,354 

10,140,892 

-  10,140,892 

5,947,805 

6,153,652 

- 

6,153,652 

3,649,200 

- 

- 

5,947,805 

3,649,200 

- 

2,907,268 

2,907,268 

- 

2,093,820 

2,093,820 

22,381,627 

3,085,024  25,466,651  15,284,769 

2,330,410  17,615,179 

5 

Expenses by nature 

The Group’s operating profit has been arrived at after charging: 

Raw materials and consumables used 
Employee costs 

Operating lease rentals 

Depreciation charge 

Amortization charge 

Marketing costs 

R & D 

Foreign exchange (gain)/loss 

Auditors remuneration 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for audit of 
Parent Company and Consolidated Financial 
Statements 
Fees payables to the Company’s auditor for other 
services (assurance related services) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$ 
661,264 
9,579,521 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$ 
851,482 
7,313,155 

Note 

6 

707,490 

355,897 

327,201 

243,799 

4,285 

5,131 

640,154 

167,419 

317,259 

215,006 

10,752 

(8,162) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$ 

41,545 

71,482 

- 

- 

The Group auditors are not the auditors of the US subsidiary companies. The fees paid to the auditor 
of the US subsidiary companies were $100,910 (2017: $125,445) for the audit of these companies 
and $48,582 (2017: $nil) for other services.   

Water Intelligence plc 
44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

6 

Employees and Directors 

The Directors of the Company are considered to be the key management of the business. 

Short-Term employee benefits 
Directors fees, salaries and benefits 
Wages and Salaries 
Social Security Costs 
Long-Term employee benefits 
Share based payments 

Information regarding Directors emoluments are as follows: 

Short-Term employee benefits 
Directors’ fees, salaries and benefits 
Social Security Costs 
Long-Term employee benefits 
Share based payments 

Year ended
31 December
2018
$

Year ended
31 December
2017
$

687,872
8,203,268
583,729

104,652

9,579,521

610,645 
6,246,178 
393,935 

62,397 

7,313,155 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$

687,872 
17,892 

104,652 

810,416 

610,645
20,102

61,114

691,861

The highest paid Director received emoluments of $501,872 (2017: $450,000). 

The average number of employees (including Directors) in the Group during the year was: 

Directors (executive and non-executive) 
Management 
Field Services 
Franchise Support 
Administration 

7 

Share options 

Year ended
31 December
2018
$

Year ended
31 December
2017
$

5
22
106
20
20

173

5
7
86
20
6

124

The Company grants share options at its discretion to Directors, management and advisors. These are 
accounted for as equity settled options. Should the options remain unexercised after a period of ten years 
from the date of grant the options will expire unless an extension is agreed to by the board. Options are 
exercisable at a price equal to the Company’s quoted market price on the date of grant or an exercise 
price to be determined by the board. 

Water Intelligence plc 
45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Details for the share options and warrants granted, exercised, lapsed and outstanding at the year-end 
are as follows: 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted during the year 
Forfeited/lapsed during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Outstanding at end of the year 

Exercisable at end of the year 

Number of 
share 
options 
2018 
1,005,000 
160,000 
- 
(310,000) 
855,000 

745,000 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price ($)
2018
1.02
3.36
-
0.86
1.43

Number 
of share 
options 
2017 
1,765,000 
- 
- 
(80,000) 
1,685,000 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (£)
2017
1.12
-
-
0.67
1.15

1.08

1,005,000 

1.02

Fair value of share options 
During the year, the Group granted 160,000 Share Options to certain Employees, with exercise 
prices ranging from of £2.25 to £3.48 ($3.15 to $4.52). 

The fair value of options granted during the prior year has been calculated using the Black Scholes model 
which has given rise to fair values per share ranging from 71.98p to 109.69p. This is based on risk-free 
rates ranging from 1.24% to 1.44% and volatility ranging from 42% to 45%.  

The Black Scholes calculations for the options granted during the year resulted in a charge of $104,652 
(2017: $62,397) which has been expensed in the year. As the options granted prior to 2016 had no vesting 
period, none of the charge expensed in 2018 related to options granted prior to 2016. 

The weighted average remaining contractual life of the share options as at 31 December 2018 was 6.68 
years (2017: 7.33 years). 

Options arrangements that exist over the Company’s shares at year end and at the time of the report are 
detailed below: 

At report 
date 
Grant 
317,500 
ALDHC Plan (1) 
250,000 
2013 Directors (2) 
177,500 
2015 Options (3) 
200,000 
2016 Directors (4) 
- 
2016 Directors (4) 
220,000 
2016 Employee (5) 
210,000 
2016 Employee (5) 
2018 Acquisition (6)  135,000 
25,000 
2018 Acquisition (7) 
475,000 
2019 Employee (8) 
50,000 
2019 Acquisition (9) 

2018 
317,500 
250,000 
177,500 
200,000 
- 
220,000 
210,000 
135,000 
25,000 
- 
- 

2017 

Date of 
Grant 
417,500  01/12/2013 
250,000  01/08/2013 
337,500  08/06/2015 
200,000  13/06/2016 
50,000  13/06/2016 
220,000  19/12/2016 
210,000  19/12/2016 
-  06/03/2018 
-  08/10/2018 
-  04/04/2019 
-  04/04/2019 

Total 

2,177,500 

1,535,000 

1,685,000 

All share options are equity settled on exercise. 

From 

Exercise period
To

Exercise 
price
01/12/2023
$1.14 01/12/2013 
01/08/2023
$1.30 01/08/2013 
08/06/2025
$0.67 08/06/2015 
13/06/2026
$1.26 13/06/2016 
13/06/2026
$0.92 13/06/2016 
19/12/2026
$1.24 19/12/2019 
19/12/2026
$1.56 19/12/2019 
$3.15 06/03/2021     06/03/2028 
$4.52 08/10/2021     08/10/2028 
04/04/2029
$6.24 04/04/2023 
04/04/2029
$4.59 04/04/2023 

(1)  Under  ALDHC’s  2006  Employee,  Director  and  Consultant  Stock  Plan  (“ALDHC  Option  Plan”),  certain  directors  and 
employees of ALD, were granted options to acquire an aggregate of 738,750 shares in ALDHC with an exercise price 
of $1.14 per share. Of these grants, the Executive Chairman had been granted an option to purchase 250,000 shares. 
Following Admission, all options under the ALDHC Option Plan were to be cancelled or waived in return for the grant 
of  options  over  New  Ordinary  Shares  with  the  same  economic  value  as  existing  options  under  the  ALDHC  Option 
Plan. The conversion to options over 417,500 New Ordinary Shares in respect of these options has been completed 
in  2013,  the  balance  being  attributable  to  leavers  between  2010  and  2013  or  options  that  have  not  been  taken  up. 
These Options have all vested in full. The Executive Chairman exercised 100,000 of these options in March 2018. 

Water Intelligence plc 
46 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

(2)  In recognition of three years of deferred compensation and additional services rendered, each member of the board, 
after  consultation  with  the  NOMAD,  received  an  option  to  purchase  50,000  New  Ordinary  Shares  pursuant  to  the 
Option Plan in 2013. The Director options have an exercise price of $1.30 per share or 67% above the highest share 
price for 2013. These Options have all vested in full.    

(3)  On  5  June  2015,  the  Group  granted  417,500  Share  Options  to  the  Executive  Chairman  and  David  Silverstone,  both 
directors of the Company, and to certain Employees, all with an exercise price of $0.67. 100,000 of these Share Options 
relate to the Executive Chairman’s compensation and an additional 50,000 of these Share Options relate to the Executive 
Chairman’s  personnel  guarantee  of  the  loan  with  Liberty  Bank  in  2014.  40,000  of  these  Share  Options  relate  to 
compensation payable to David Silverstone. 80,000 of these were exercised in September 2017. Subsequent to year end, 
10,000 were exercised in January 2018 and a further 150,000 were exercised in March 2018. 

(4)  On 13 June 2016, each member of the board received an option to purchase 50,000 New Ordinary Shares. The Director 
options  have  an  exercise  price  of  $1.26  per  share  which  is  5%  higher  than  the  highest  share  price  for  2015.  These 
Options have a three-year vesting requirement. Stephen Leeb’s 50,000 options lapsed on his resignation as a Director 
during  2016.  On  13  June  2016,  the  Executive  Chairman,  a  director  of  the  Company,  was  also  granted  50,000  Share 
Options with an exercise price of $0.92 related to the Executive Chairman’s personnel guarantee of the loan with Liberty 
Bank in 2015, which were exercised in March 2018. 

(5)  On 19 December 2016, certain employees were granted options to purchase 220,000 New Ordinary Shares at a price of 
$1.24 and 210,000 New Ordinary Shares at a price of $1.56 based on 2016 performance and as an incentive for future 
performance.  These options have a three-year vesting requirement. 

(6)  On 14 March 2018, certain vendors, retained as employees, were granted an option to purchase 135,000 New Ordinary 
Shares at a price of $3.15 pursuant to the acquisition of a franchise based in Louisville, Kentucky.  These options have 
a three-year vesting requirement. 

(7)  On 8 October 2018, certain vendors, retained as employees, were granted an option to purchase 25,000 New Ordinary 
Shares at a price of $4.52 pursuant to the acquisition of the territories around Portland, Oregon from a franchise. These 
options have a three-year vesting requirement. 

(8)  On 4 April 2019, certain employees were granted options to purchase 475,000 New Ordinary Shares at a price of $6.24 
based  on  2018  performance  and  as  an  incentive  for  future  performance.    These  options  have  a  four-year  vesting 
requirement. 

(9)  On 4 April 2019, certain vendors, retained as employees, were granted options to purchase 50,000 New Ordinary Shares 
at a price of $4.59 pursuant to the  acquisition of franchises acquired in 2019.  These options have  a four-year  vesting 
requirement. 

Patrick  DeSouza  received  (i)  600,000  Partly  Paid  Shares  at  an exercise  price  of  $1.07 during  2016  and  (ii)  750,000  Partly 
Paid Shares at an exercise price of $2.71 in March 2018 in connection with capital raising and bank financings. These Partly 
Paid Shares carry voting rights but will not be admitted to trading or carry any economic rights until fully paid. 

8 

Finance income 

Interest income 

9 

Finance expense  

Interest expense 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
28,003 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
13,928 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
235,957 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017 
$ 
135,461 

Water Intelligence plc 
47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

10 

Taxation 

Group 

Current tax: 

Current tax on profits in the year 

267,636 

476,178 

Prior year over provision 

Total current tax 

Deferred tax current year 

Deferred tax prior year 

Deferred tax (credit)/expense (note 20) 

Income tax expense 

- 

267,636 

200,988 

-                       

476,178 

(189,848)  

- 

                 - 

200,988 

468,624 

(189,848) 

286,330 

The tax on the Group's loss before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the 
weighted average tax rate applicable to profits of the consolidated entities as follows: 

Profit before tax on ordinary activities 
Tax calculated at domestic rate applicable profits in 
respective countries 
(2018: 26.7% versus 2017: 25%) 
Tax effects of: 
Non-deductible expenses 
Losses carried back 
Other tax adjustments, reliefs and transfers 
State taxes net of federal benefit 
Adjustment in respect of prior year 
Deferred tax not recognized 
Adjust deferred tax rate to 25% 
Changes in rates 

1,754,350 

1,145,034 

366,568 

398,289 

19,737 
- 
11,946 
69,988 
(6,925) 
- 
- 
7,310 

65,187 
2,996 
(1) 
43,377 
(82,657) 
87,340 
903 
(229,104) 

Taxation expense recognized in income statement 

468,624 

286,330 

The  Group  is  subject  to  income  taxes  in  multiple  jurisdictions.  Significant  judgment  is  required  in 
determining the worldwide provision for income taxes.  There are many transactions and calculations 
for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Group recognises liabilities for anticipated 
tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due.  

As also set forth, in Note 20, at the balance sheet date, the Group’s UK trading operations had unused 
tax losses of £4,276,906 (2017: £3,473,249) available for offset against future profits. £727,074 (2017:  
£593,205) represents unrecognized deferred tax assets thereon at 17%. The deferred tax asset has not 
been recognized due to uncertainty over timing of utilization.  

The effective rate for tax for 2018 is 26.7% (2017: 25.0%). It is anticipated that the Group will use 
this effective tax rate of 26.7% (due to 2017 US tax cut) going forward. 

Water Intelligence plc 
48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

11 

Earnings per share 

The profit per share has been calculated using the profit for the year and the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year, as follows: 

Basic 

Profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the Parent ($) 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
Diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares 

Profit per share (cents) 
Diluted profit per share (cents) 

12 

Acquisitions 

Year ended 
31 
December 
2018
$
1,294,701

Year 
ended 31 
December 
2017
$
913,250 
13,401,624 11,403,236 

14,304,790
9.7
9.1

12,123,812
 8.0 
7.5 

During  2018,  the  Group  purchased  franchisee  operations  in  Louisville,  Kentucky;  Bakersfield, 
California; South Florida and Portland, Oregon. These acquisitions not only are expected to contribute 
revenue and earnings but also strengthen the Group’s corporate execution capabilities in the US. In 
the US such corporate presence supports the American Leak Detection franchise system.  

On  7  March  2018,  the  Group  completed  the  reacquisition  of  its  Louisville,  Kentucky  franchise.  The 
franchise owner has remained with the business as Vice President for Midwest operations to add depth 
to  the  corporate  team  and  reinforce  the  Midwestern  hub  created  through  the  acquisition  of  this 
franchise and previous reacquisitions. 

On 15 March 2018, the Group completed the reacquisition of its Bakersfield, California franchise. As 
part of this re-acquisition, there was a minority investment from the franchise to the north of Bakersfield, 
which  covers  the  city  of  Fresno.  This  franchisee  helps  provide  management  expertise  to  grow  this 
significant opportunity in Central California. 

On 15 May 2018, the Group completed the reacquisition of its South Florida franchise, spanning from 
the southern counties of Miami to Key West. This has been combined with American Leak Detection's 
fast  growing  and  highly  profitable  corporate  operation  which  is  located  immediately  to  the  north, 
spanning Ft. Lauderdale and Miami, in order to form a significant regional operation in the Southeast 
US. 

On 9 October 2018, the Group completed the reacquisition of the territories of Portland, Oregon and 
certain  parts  of  Washington  State  (the  "Portland  Region")  from  a  franchise  owner,  who  remains  a 
franchisee  and  continues  to  develop  the  rest  of  their  territory.  This  reacquisition  enables  American 
Leak  Detection  to  set  up  a  regional  corporate  office  to  support  the  growth  of  its  franchisees  in  the 
northwest United States. 

These can be summarised as follows: 

Fair value of assets and 
liabilities acquired 
Equipment 
Vehicles 
Net assets acquired 

Louisville 
$ 

Bakers-
field 
$ 

Indiana 
Plumbing 
$ 

South 
Florida 
$ 

Portland 
$ 

Adjust-
ments 
$ 

Totals 
$ 

55,878 
39,393 
95,270 

33,275 
11,200 
44,475 

17,600 
60,574 
78,174 

50,000 
30,000 
80,000 

119,454 
119,000 
238,454 

- 
- 
- 

276,207 
260,167 
536,373 

Water Intelligence plc 
49 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Consideration 
Cash 
Note payable  
Total consideration 

Intangible assets arising on 
acquisition (see note 13) 

465,000  252,000 
1,084,058 
- 
1,549,058  252,000 

90,674  150,000 
-  211,561 

646,250 
615,477 
90,674  361,561  1,261,727 

18,650  1,622,574 
(34,335)  1,876,760 
(15,685)  3,499,335 

1,453,788  207,525 

12,500  281,561  1,023,273 

(15,685)  2,962,961 

The  intangible  assets  arising  on  the  above  acquisitions  of  $2,966,147  is  included  in  additions  to 
goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets for owned & operated stores (see note 13).   

Following acquisitions all Franchises are classed as one cash generating unit therefore cannot 
separately disclose revenue and profit for each individual franchise. 

The amount of deferred consideration for 2018 acquisitions as well as the remaining deferred 
consideration for acquisitions made in 2015, 2016 and 2017 (after discounting anticipated cash flows 
to evaluate the fair value), can be summarized as follows:  

Current 

T&M Tech LLC (South Michigan franchise) 
Cincinnati 
NRW 
Sydney 
Indianapolis 
Kentucky 
South Florida 
Portland 

 Total current deferred consideration 

Non-Current 

T&M Tech LLC (South Michigan franchise) 
Cincinnati 
NRW 
Sydney 
Indianapolis 
Kentucky 
South Florida 
Portland 

 Total non-current deferred consideration 

Year 
acquired 
2015 
2016 
2016 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2018 
2018 

Year 
acquired 
2015 
2016 
2016 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2018 
2018 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$ 
74,282 
55,712 
- 
55,631 

102,073 
523,745 
22,116 
615,476 

1,449,035 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
$ 
72,389 
54,292 
- 
- 

- 
560,313 
192,313 
- 

879,307 

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$
64,654
48,302
67,456
263,747

115,839
-
-
-

559,999

Year ended 
31 December 
2017 
$
149,187
112,079
-
-

113,335
-
-
-

374,600

Water Intelligence plc 
50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

13 

Intangible assets 

The calculation of amortization of intangible assets requires the use of estimates and judgement, 
related to the expected useful lives of the assets. 

An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events 
indicate that the carrying amount may not be recovered.  

Goodwill and other indefinite life intangible assets  

 Group 

Cost 

Goodwill 
Acquisitions 
$ 

Owned & 
Operated stores 
$ 

Goodwill on 
franchisor 
activities 
$ 

Totals 
$ 

At 1 January 2017 

2,325,109 

1,513,440 

636,711 

4,475,260 

Additions (see note 12) 

At 31 December 2017 

Additions (see note 12) 

At 31 December 2018 

Impairment 

- 

397,975                    

                    -   

 397,975            

2,325,109 

220,025 

2,545,134 

1,911,415 

2,742,936 

4,654,351 

636,711 

- 

636,711 

4,873,235 

2,962,961 

7,836,196 

At 1 January 2017 

1,493,729 

75,000 

                    -   

1,568,729 

Impairment in year 

                    -   

                    -                        -   

                    -   

At 31 December 2017 

Impairment in year 

1,493,729 

12,500 

75,000 

                    - 

- 

At 31 December 2018 

1,506,229 

75,000 

Carrying amount 

- 

- 

1,568,729 

12,500 

1,581,229 

At 31 December 2017 

831,380 

1,836,415 

636,711 

3,304,506 

At 31 December 2018 

1,038,905 

4,579,351 

636,711 

6,254,967 

The increase in carrying value of Goodwill Acquisitions at 31 December 2018 relate to goodwill additions 
arising on the acquisition outlined in Note 12 above during 2018. 

Goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets on owned & operated stores comprises legacy owned stores 
together with additions arising from reacquisitions of franchise operations in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018.  
Details on additions in 2018 can be found in note 12 above.   

Goodwill on Franchisor Activities relates to the royalty income franchise business. 

Where appropriate consideration of separately identifiable intangible assets has been considered in the 
evaluation of the fair value of assets acquired and the determination of the fair value of goodwill arising. 
For  the  acquisitions  in  2018,  2017,  2016  and  2015  relating  to  the  reacquisition  of  franchises,  it  is 
considered that the value  being attributed to the purchase consideration relates to the synergies with 
surrounding franchises, obtaining wider geographical coverage directly within the Group, the focus to 
seize potential opportunity within their wider business strategy for revenue and earnings growth and the 
ability to expand new service offerings. Where appropriate consideration of separate intangibles, such 
as covenants not to compete, are evaluated.  

Water Intelligence plc 
51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
  
   
   
  
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

There is no separately identified intangible considered to arise from the customer list of the franchise 
reacquired  given  the  terms  of  the  franchise  agreement  and  on  that  these  customers  continue  to  be 
customers of the Group’s products and services before and after the reacquisition. 

An  impairment  review  is  undertaken  annually  or  whenever  changes  in  circumstances  or  events 
indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recovered.  For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing, 
goodwill  or indefinite life intangible assets are  allocated to appropriate cash generating units which 
can be summarised as follows: 

Goodwill Acquisitions are separately categorized as cash generating units. 

Goodwill  or  indefinite  life  intangible  assets  on  owned  &  operated  stores  are  categorized  as  cash 
generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.  

Goodwill on Franchisor Activities is considered as one cash generating unit by reference to revenues 
and activities derived from the franchise royalty income and franchise related activities segments (see 
note 4). 

The  cash  generating  units  to  which  goodwill  or  indefinite  life  intangible  assets  have  been  allocated 
are tested for impairment annually. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than 
its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill 
allocated  to  the  unit  and  then  to  the  other  assets  of  the  unit  pro-rata  on  the  basis  of  the  carrying 
amount  of  each  asset  in  the  unit.  An  impairment  loss recognised for  goodwill  is  not  recovered  in  a 
subsequent period. 

The  key assumptions/inputs used  for  the impairment  assessment  based  on the  forecast cash  flow  and 
revenues for 2018 were as follows: 

Discount rate 
Short term revenue growth 
Long term revenue growth 
Tax rate 
Discount rate sensitivity step 
Perpetual growth rate sensitivity step 

% 

15 
5 
3.5 
25 
2 
1 

This has resulted in no material impairment charge being required in 2018 (2017: $nil). 

Based  upon  the  sensitivity  analysis  had  the  estimated  discount  rate  used  been  2%  higher  and  the 
perpetual  revenue  growth  rate  used  been  1%  lower  in  these  calculations  the  Group  would  still  not 
have incurred any material impairment for any of the categories of goodwill or indefinite life intangible 
assets. 

Water Intelligence plc 
52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

13 

Intangible assets continued 

Other Intangible assets table 

Product 
development 
$ 

Covenants  
not to compete 
$ 

Customer 
Lists 

Trademarks 

Patents 

$ 

$ 

Website 
$ 

$ 

164,880 

290,000 

350,357 

5,293,817 

23,692 

- 

             -   

             -   

           -   

             -   

             -   

     90,000   

164,880 
- 
164,880 

290,000 
- 
290,000 

350,357 
- 
350,357 

5,293,817 
- 
5,293,817 

23,692 
- 
23,692 

90,000 
- 
90,000 

Enterprise 
Solution 
Development 
$ 

- 
107,000 

107,000 
350,471 
457,471 

Cost 
At 1 January 2017 

Additions 

At 31 December 2017 
Additions  
At 31 December 2018 
Accumulated amortisation 

 At 1 January 2017 

164,880 

276,667 

244,071 

2,894,985 

23,692 

- 

Amortisation expense 

             -   

          6,667   

26,401 

261,691 

-                22,500                

At 31 December 2017 

164,880 

283,334 

6,666 

- 

270,472 

3,156,676 

23,692 

22,500 

28,844 

(2,103) 

261,691 

- 

- 

- 

30,000 

- 

- 

- 

164,880 

290,000 

297,213 

3,418,367 

23,692 

52,500 

Total 

$  

6,122,746 

197,000   

6,319,746 
350,471 
6,610,217 

3,604,295 

317,259 

3,921,554 

327,201 

(2,103) 

4,246,652 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

             -   

           6,666   

- 

- 

79,885 

53,144 

2,137,141 

1,875,450 

- 

- 

67,500 

37,500 

107,000 

457,471 

2,398,192 

2,423,565 

Amortisation expense  

Exchange differences 

At 31 December 2018 

Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2017 

At 31 December 2018 

All intangible assets have been acquired by the Group. 

The calculation of amortization of intangible assets requires the use of estimates and judgement, related to the expected useful lives of the assets. 

An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate that the carrying amount may not be recovered. 

Water Intelligence plc 
53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

14 

Property, plant and equipment 

Cost 
At 1 January 2017 
Acquired on acquisition of 
subsidiary 
Additions 
Exchange differences 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2017 
Reclassification 
Acquired on acquisition of 
subsidiary 
Additions 
Exchange differences 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2018 
Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2017 
Eliminated on disposals 
Depreciation expense 

Exchange differences 

At 31 December 2017 
Reclassification 
Eliminated on disposals 
Depreciation expense 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2018 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2017 

At 31 December 2018 

Equipment & 
displays  
$ 

Motor 
Vehicles  
$ 

Leasehold 
Improvements  
$ 

Total  
$ 

958,935 

363,249 

123,418 

1,445,602 

49,373 

327,748 
2,086 
(486,533) 

851,609 
(137,747) 

50,875 

666,251 
(1,881) 
(703) 

1,428,404 

636,390 

      (485,278)   

120,122 

800 

272,034 
(70,792) 
(703) 
220,609 
(537) 
420,611 

- 

- 

49,373 

102,229 
2,655 
(106,678) 

361,455 
(49,998) 

71,774 

542,711 
(8,382) 
- 

917,560 

248,866 
(103,237) 
46,615 

645 

192,889 
(116,953) 
- 
133,924 
(4,079) 
205,781 

15,000 
- 
(123,418) 

15,000 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

15,000 

123,418 

        (123,418)   

682 

-   

682 
- 
- 
1,364 
- 
2,046 

444,977 
4,741 
(716,629) 

1,228,064 
(187,745) 

122,649 

1,208,962 
(10,263) 
(703) 

2,360,964 

1,008,674 
(711,933) 
167,419 

1,445 

465,605 
(187,745) 
(703) 
355,897 
(4,616) 
628,437 

512,620 

1,007,793 

235,521 

711,779 

14,318 

12,954 

762,459 

1,732,527 

The calculation of depreciation on property, plant and equipment requires the use of estimates and 
judgement, related to the expected useful lives of the assets. The depreciation expense in the year to 
31 December 2018 is not material to the accounts, and therefore any change in estimate related to 
expected useful lives would not have a material effect on the Financial Statements.  

The value of the assets charged as security for the bank debt is $1,234,492 (2017: $656,485). 

Water Intelligence plc 
54 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
                         
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

15 

Investment in subsidiary undertakings 

Company 
Cost 
At 31 December 2017 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 2018 
Impairment 
At 31 December 2017 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 2018 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2017 
At 31 December 2018 

Subsidiary 
Undertakings 
$  

13,812,318 
(440,030) 
13,372,288 

6,400,906 

                         -   

6,400,906 

7,411,412 
6,971,382 

The  Directors  annually  assess  the  carrying  value  of  the  investment  in  the  subsidiary  and  in  their 
opinion no impairment provision is currently necessary. See notes 12 and 13 for the assumptions and 
sensitivities in assessing the carrying value of the investment. 

The net carrying amounts noted above relate to the US incorporated subsidiaries.  

The subsidiary undertakings during the year were as follows: 

Water Intelligence International Limited* 
(leak detection products and services) 

Water Intelligence Australia Pty 

American Leak Detection Holding Corp. 
(holding company of ALD Inc.) * 

American Leak Detection, Inc. (leak 
detection product and services) 

Qonnectis Group Limited (dormant) 

NRW Utilities Limited (Dormant) 

Registered office address 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 
1 Farrer Place, Sydney, NSW 
2000 
199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 
U.S. 
199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 
U.S. 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 

Country of 
incorporation 

England and 
Wales 

Australia 

US 

US 

England and 
Wales 

England and 
Wales 

Interest 
held 
% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100%  

*  Subsidiaries  owned  directly  by  the  Parent  Company.    These  subsidiaries  –  WII  and  ALDHC  – 
represent  the  two  principal business lines  of the  Parent Company. Water Intelligence Australia and 
American Leak Detection are also wholly-owned by the two principal subsidiaries and indirectly owned 
by the Parent.  

The Company’s strategy involves acquisitions, especially  of franchisees.   American Leak Detection 
has reacquired one franchise, Bakersfield on 15 March 2018, by purchasing 100% upfront and at the 
same time sold 40% of the franchise. American Leak Detection has an unrestricted option to acquire 
the remaining 40% at a preset price at any time in the future.   

Water Intelligence plc 
55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

16 

Inventories 

Group Inventories 

Group 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
451,465 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
359,973 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2018,  an  expense  of  $5,446,010  (2017:  $3,334,101)  was 
recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, including business to business 
expenses  of  $4,806,466  (2017:  $2,518,840).  There  has  been  no  write  down  of  inventories  during 
2018. 

17 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade notes receivable 

Group 

Company 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018
$
618,005

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
59,075 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017   

$ 

           -       

                  -   

All non-current receivables are due within five years from the end of the reporting period. 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018   

Year ended  
31 December  
2017   

Year ended  
31 December  
2018   

Year ended  
31 December  
2017   

$ 
2,209,382 
697,123 
- 
520,478 
191,988 
357,487 
235,523 

4,211,982 

$ 
$ 
- 
1,458,112 
4,735 
328,142 
4,660,040 
- 
- 
476,744 
- 
76,218 
315,969 
123,540 
165,130                29,917 

$ 
- 
4,891 
1,704,886     

-  
                  -   

41,010 

                  -   

2,820,315 

4,818,232 

1,750,787      

Trade receivables 
Prepayments 
Due from Group undertakings 
Accrued royalties receivable 
Trade notes receivable 
Other receivables 
Due from related party 

Current portion 

Trade receivables disclosed above are classified as loans and receivables and are therefore 
measured at amortised cost. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other 
receivables approximates their fair value. 

Accrued royalties receivable are never reclassified to trade receivables as, should any royalties be 
withheld or unpaid, the Group has the right to take back the relevant franchise. 

The average credit period taken on sales is 39 days (2017: 37 days). 

Water Intelligence plc 
56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following 
currencies: 

US Dollar 
UK Pound 
Australian Dollar 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
3,534,868 
558,450 
118,663 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
2,398,632 

317,513                     
104,170 

4,211,981 

2,820,315  

The  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  at  the  reporting  date  is  the  carrying  value  of  each  class  of 
receivable mentioned above. The Group does not hold any collateral as security. 

18 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

774,767      

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
48,164        

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

76        

Cash at bank and in hand 

5,016,406 

19 

Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Accruals and other payables 
Due to Group undertakings 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
1,350,941 
1,199,339 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
659,547 
768,962 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
146,878 
112,845 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
148,401 
87,700 
2,371,414 

2,550,280 

1,428,509 

259,723 

2,607,515 

Trade  payables  and  accruals  principally  comprise  amounts  outstanding  for  trade  purchases  and 
ongoing costs and are payable within 3 months. The average credit period taken for trade purchases 
is 16 days (2017:16 days). 

20 

Deferred Tax 

The analysis of deferred tax liabilities is as follows: 

Group 

Deferred tax (liability)/assets 

2018 

$ 

2017 

$ 

(316,221) 

(115,233) 

Water Intelligence plc 
57 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The movement in deferred tax liabilities is as follows:  

2018 

Temporary differences: 
Net operating profit (loss) (non-current) 
Short term temporary differences 

2017 

Temporary differences: 
Net operating profit (loss) (non-current) 
Short term temporary differences 

Opening 
balance 
$ 

- 
- 
(115,233) 
(115,233) 

Opening 
balance 
$ 

- 

                          -   

(305,081) 
(305,081) 

Recognized in 
the income 
statement 
$ 

- 
- 
(200,988) 
(200,988) 

Recognized in 
the income 
statement 
$ 

- 
- 
189,848 
189,848 

Closing 
balance 
$ 

- 
- 
(316,221) 
(316,221) 

Closing 
balance 
$ 

- 
- 
(115,233) 
(115,233) 

At the balance sheet date, the Group’s UK trading subsidiaries had unused tax losses of £4,276,906 
(2017: £3,473,249) available for offset against future profits. £727,074 (2017: £593,205) represents 
unrecognized deferred tax assets thereon at 17%. The deferred tax asset has not been recognized due to 
uncertainty over timing of utilization. 

21 

Share capital 

The issued share capital in the year was as follows: 

Group & Company 

At 31 December 2017 
At 31 December 2018 

. 

Group & Company 

At 31 December 2017 
At 31 December 2018 

Ordinary Shares 
Number 
11,402,649 
13,883,969 

Shares held in 
treasury Number 
151,184 
- 

Total Number 
11,553,833 
13,883,969 

Share capital 
$ 
65,305 
101,915 

Share premium 
$ 
980,436 
6,887,739 

On 11 January 2018, the Company announced that David Silverstone, a director of the Company 
exercised a portion of his options holdings to subscribe for a total of 10,000 new ordinary shares. 
These shares were admitted to trading on AIM on 12 January 2018 and immediately sold. 

On 7 March 2018, the Company announced a capital raising, pursuant to which the Company sold 
2,021,320 new ordinary shares and 151,184 shares out of treasury. In addition, Patrick DeSouza, 
Executive Chairman of the Company, exercised a portion of his options to subscribe for 300,000 new 
ordinary shares. All of these shares were admitted to trading on AIM on 13 March 2018. In addition, 
Patrick DeSouza received 750,000 Partly Paid Shares (being ordinary shares with voting rights and 

Water Intelligence plc 
58 

 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

no economic rights until fully paid) in exchange for increasing the guarantee he is providing over the 
Company’s bank facilities. 

Reverse acquisition reserve  

The reverse acquisition reserve was created in accordance with IFRS3 Business Combinations and relates 
to the reverse acquisition of Qonnectis Plc by ALDHC in July 2010. Although these Consolidated Financial 
Statements have been issued in the name of the legal parent, the Company it represents in substance is a 
continuation of the financial information of the legal subsidiary ALDHC. A reverse acquisition reserve was 
created in 2010 to enable the presentation of a consolidated statement of financial position which combines 
the equity structure of the legal parent with the reserves of the legal subsidiary. Qonnectis Plc was renamed 
Water Intelligence Plc on completion of the reverse acquisition on 29 July 2010. 

22 

Obligations under operating leases 

The future aggregate minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases are set out 
below. 
2018 

No later than one year 

Later than one year, and not later than five years 
Total 

2017 

No later than one year 

Later than one year, and not later than five years 
Total 

Land & 
Buildings 
$ 
69,296 

Other 
$ 
237,463 

Total 
$ 
306,759 

4,400 

521,991 

526,391 

73,696 
Land & 
Buildings 
$ 
69,296 

  4,400   
 73,696 

759,454 

833,150 

Other 
$ 
179,951 

420,459 

600,410 

Total 
$ 
249,247 

424,859 
 674,106 

The operating lease commitments above apply to the Group; the Company has no operating leases. 
All leases relate to vehicles and office space 

23 

Financial instruments 

Market risk (including foreign currency risk management) 
Interest rate risk 

The Group has exposure to the following key risks related to financial instruments: 
i. 
ii. 
iii.  Credit risk 
iv. 

Liquidity risk 

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, the Group’s 
objectives, policies and processes for measuring and managing risk, and the Group’s management 
of  capital.  Further  quantitative  disclosures  are  included  throughout  these  consolidated  Financial 
Statements. 

The Directors determine, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments 
or other hedging contracts or techniques to mitigate risk. The main risk affecting such instruments is 
foreign currency risk which is discussed below. Throughout the year ending 31 December 2018 no 
trading  in  financial  instruments  was  undertaken  (2017:  none)  and  the  Group  did  not  have  any 
derivative or hedging instruments. 

The  Group  uses  financial  instruments  including  cash,  loans  and  finance  leases,  as  well  as  trade 
receivables and payables that arise directly from operations. 

Water Intelligence plc 
59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
             
             
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Due to the simple nature of these financial instruments, there is no material difference between book 
and fair values.  Discounting would not give a material difference to the results of the Group and the 
Directors believe that there are no material sensitivities that require additional disclosure. 

Fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities 
The  estimated  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  and  the  fair  values  of  the  Group’s  financial 
assets and financial liabilities is not considered material. 

Credit risk 
The  Group’s  principal financial  assets  are  bank  balances, cash,  cash  equivalents, trade  and  other 
receivables.  The  Group’s  credit  risk  is  primarily  attributable  to  its  trade  receivables  and  cash  and 
cash  equivalents.  Receivables are regularly monitored  and  assessed for recoverability. The Group 
has no significant concentration of credit risk as exposure is spread over a number of customers. As 
at 31 December 2018, 59.81% was held with one counterparty with a credit rating of Aaa and a further 
23.72% was held with another counterparty with a credit rating of A1. 

The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses 
a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables. To measure the expected credit losses, 
trade receivables  have been  grouped based  on the shared credit risk characteristics and the days 
past due. The expected loss rates are based on the historic payment profiles of sales and the credit 
losses  experienced  within  this  period.  The  historical  loss  rates  are  adjusted  to  reflect  current  and 
forward-looking information.  

As the Group does not hold any collateral, the maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the 
carrying amount of the financial assets as at the end of each reporting period. 

As at 31 December 2018, trade receivables of $470,976 (2017: $116,088) were past due but not 
impaired. These relate to a number of customers for whom there is no history of default. The ageing 
analysis of these trade receivables is as follows: 

Ageing of past due but not impaired receivables 

60-90 days 
90+ days 

Average age (days) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
109,963 
364,013 
470,976 
96 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

42,328               
73,760               

116,088   

92 

The Group believes that no impairment allowance is necessary in respect of trade receivables that are past 
due but not impaired. This is based on the Group’s good historic track record of collection for all such 
receivables. 

Credit risk management 
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counter-party will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss  to  the  Group.  The  Group  seeks  to  limit  credit  risk  on  liquid  funds  through  trading  only  with 
counterparties that are banks with high credit ratings assigned by international credit rating agencies.  

Exposure to credit risk 
The  carrying  amount  of  financial  assets  represents  the  maximum  credit  exposure.  The  exposure  to 
credit risk at the year-end was in respect of the past due receivables that have not been impaired are 
disclosed in note 17. 

Water Intelligence plc 
60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Categories of financial instruments 

Group 

Company 

Loans and receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables – current 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
- 
5,106,406 
4,211,982 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

                 -   
774,767 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
- 
48,164 
4,818,232 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
- 
       76  
     1,750,787  

2,820,315                     

Trade and other receivables – non-current 

618,605 

59,075 

--   

- 

                -   

Financial Liabilities measured at 
amortised cost 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings – current 
Borrowings – non-current 

Deferred consideration – current 

Deferred consideration – non-current 

Borrowings 

2,550,283 

989,736 
1,448,303 

1,449,035 

879,307 

1,428,509   

259,724 

2,607,515 

394,525                      
-   
1,635,311                     
-   

559,999 

- 
- 

- 

                -   
                -   

                -   

374,600                         - 

                 -   

Bank Debt 
The Group has a commercial banking relationship with People’s United Bank (“People’s”).  The relationship 
involves three facilities:  (i) term loan  that  was a refinancing  of a previous  term loan  with a  different  bank 
(2016 Term Loan); (ii) a working capital line of credit (WC Line) and (iii) an acquisition line of credit, primarily 
for franchise reacquisitions (ALOC 1 Line). 

2016 Term Loan.  The 2016 Term Loan was initiated on December 5, 2016 and is a four-year term 
loan amortizing through 2020. The principal amount outstanding at 31 December 2018 was $838,196 
(2017: $1,227,874).  Annual interest on the loan is fixed for the term at 4.78% and requires installments 
of  principal  and  interest  amounting  to  $36,716  to  be  paid  per  month.    People’s  requires  PlainSight 
Systems (PSS), among others, to guarantee the loan.  

WC Line.  The WC Line was initiated on 5 December 2016 with $500,000 availability.  The WC Line supports 
various short-term needs of the Group from support for our business-to-business insurance channel to fleet 
and inventory management. On March 6, 2018, to support the Group’s growth, People’s increased the WC 
Line from $500,000 to $2,000,000 with a maturity date of December 2019. The WC Line bears interest at 
LIBOR plus 3.00%.  At 31 December 2018, the interest rate was 5.38%.  The balance outstanding at 31 
December 2018 was $228,133 (2017: $228,133).  The WC Line is secured by substantially all of the assets 
of the Group and guarantees from other related parties including PSS.  

ALOC 1. ALOC 1 supports the Group’s growth strategy primarily with respect to franchise reacquisitions.  
ALOC 1 was initiated on 5 December 2016 with $1,500,000 of availability.  ALOC 1 has two annual draw 
periods that are interest only and convert into a four-year term loan at the end of the draw period. Upon 
conversion, the term loan would bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 3.00% in excess of People’s 
four-year cost of funds interest rate. The line of credit is secured by substantially all of the assets of the 
Group and the guarantee of other related parties including PSS.  

In December 2017, the first draw period of ALOC 1 ended.  $584,750 was converted into ALOC 1’s first.  
term loan in accordance with the bank agreement (ALOC 1T1).  ALOC 1T1 requires monthly amortization 
of $13,585 and carries an interest rate of 5.40% (as of 31 December 2017).  The balance outstanding as 
of  31 December 2018  was $460,974 (2017:  $584,750). The  maturity  date of ALOC 1T1  is 1 December 
2021. 

Water Intelligence plc 
61 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

In  December  2018,  the  second  and  final  draw  period  of  ALOC  1  ended.    $926,472  was  converted  into 
ALOC  1’s  second  term  loan  in  accordance  with  the  bank  agreement  (ALOC  1T2).    ALOC  1T2  requires 
monthly  amortization of  $21,884 and carries  an interest  rate  of 6.24%  (as  of 31  December  2018).  The 
balance outstanding as of 31 December 2018 was $926,472. The maturity date of ALOC 1T2 is 1 December 
2022. 

In connection with the People’s banking facilities, the Group is required to comply with certain financial and 
non-financial  covenants  to  be  performed  on  a  consolidated  basis.  These  covenants  include  (i)  a  debt 
service coverage ratio to be tested quarterly and (ii) a minimal semi-annual increase in capital funds to be 
tested semi-annually. The Group was in compliance with those requirements at 31 December 2018. 

Current 

Non-Current 

Financial Instruments 
2016 Term loan 

Working Capital Line of Credit 

Acquisition Line of Credit 

-  ALOC1T1, converted into term loan 

-  ALOC1T2, converted into term loan 

Less: Loan Closing Costs 

Total 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
408,989 

228,133 

352,614 

141,910 

210,704 

- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 
429,207 

394,525                      

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,034,832 

319,064 

715,768 

(15,736) 

1,448,303 

989,736 

394,525 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 
833,349 

228,133 

584,750 

584,750 

- 

(10,931) 

1,635,301  

Capital risk management 
In managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is to maintain a sufficient funding base to enable 
working capital, research and development commitments and strategic investment needs to be met 
and  therefore  to  safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  in  order  to  provide 
returns to shareholders and  benefits  to  other stakeholders. In making decisions  to  adjust its capital 
structure  to  achieve  these  aims,  through  new  share  issues,  the Group considers  not  only  its  short-
term position but also its long term operational and strategic objectives. 

The capital structure of the Group currently consists of cash and cash equivalents, short and medium 
term  borrowings  and  equity  comprising  issued  capital,  reserves  and  retained  earnings.  Other  than 
with respect to Bank Debt, the Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.  

Significant accounting policies 
Details  of  the  significant  accounting  policies  including  the  criteria  for  recognition,  the  basis  of 
measurement and the bases for recognition of income and expense for each class of financial asset, 
financial liability and equity instrument are disclosed in Note 3. 

Foreign currency risk management 
The Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies (other than the functional currency 
of  the  Company  and  its  UK  operations,  being  £  Sterling),  with  exposure  to  exchange  rate  fluctuations. 
These transactions predominately relate to royalties receivable in the US denominated in currencies other 
than US$ being Canadian Dollars, Australian Dollars and Euro; royalties from such outside US sources in 
2018 were $177,756 (2017: $236,590). No foreign exchange contracts were in place at 31 December 2018 
(2017: Nil). 

Water Intelligence plc 
62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The carrying amount of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary 
liabilities were: 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2018  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2017  
$ 

945,987 

598,004 

4,866,396 

1,750,863 

529,081 

467,946                        

259,724 

2,607,515 

Assets 
Sterling and Australian 
Dollars 
Liabilities 
Sterling and Australian 
Dollars 

As  shown  above,  at  31  December  2018  the  Group  had  Sterling  denominated  monetary  net  assets  of 
$416,006 (2017: $130,059). If Sterling weakens by 10% against the US dollar, this would decrease net 
assets by $41,601 (2017: $13,006) with a corresponding impact on reported losses. Changes in exchange 
rate  movements  resulted  in  a  loss  from  exchange  differences  on  a  translation  of  foreign  exchange  of 
$439,573 in 2018 (2017: loss of $39,038), resulting primarily from the share issuance during the year in 
Pound Sterling and subsequent intercompany transfer accounted in US Dollars. 

Interest rate risk management 
The Group is potentially exposed to interest rate risk because the Group borrows and deposits funds 
at both fixed and floating interest rates. However, at the year end, the borrowings are only subject to 
fixed rates. The floating rate borrowings at the year end are $1,615,579 (2017:$812,883). 

 Interest rate sensitivity analysis 
The losses recorded by both the Group and the Company for the year ended 31 December 2018 would 
not materially change if market interest rates had been 1% higher/lower throughout 2018 and all other 
variables were held constant. 

Liquidity risk management 
Ultimate  responsibility  for  liquidity  management  rests  with  management.  The  Group’s  practice  is  to 
regularly review cash needs and to place excess funds on fixed term deposits for periods not exceeding 
one  month.  The  Group  manages  liquidity  risk  by  maintaining  adequate  banking  facilities  and  by 
continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows. 

The Directors have prepared a business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to 30 April 2020. The 
forecast contains certain assumptions about the level of future sales and the level of margins achievable. 
These  assumptions  are  the  Directors’  best  estimate  of  the  future  development  of  the  business.  The 
Directors acknowledge that the Group in the near-term trading is primarily reliant on cash generation from 
its predominantly US-based royalty income. 

The following tables detail the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial 
liabilities with agreed repayment periods. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted 
cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest due repayment dates. The table shows principal 
cash flows. 

Group 

2018 
Payables 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

2017 
Payables 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

0-6 months 

$ 

6-12 months 
$ 

>12 months 
$ 

Total 
$ 

2,550,283 
272,182 
764,396 

1,428,509 
220,297 
210,312 

- 
717,554 
684,639 

- 
174,228 
349,687a 

- 
1,448,303 
879,307 

- 
1,635,311 
374,600 

2,550,283 
2,438,039 
2,328,342 

1,428,509 
2,029,836 
934,599 

Water Intelligence plc 
63 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
               
 
  
  
  
             
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The Company has no non-derivative financial liabilities. 

Derivatives 
The Group and Company have no derivative financial instruments. 

Fair values 
The Directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities 
approximate their fair values. 

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities 
The changes in the Group’s liabilities arising from financing activities can be classified as follows: 

At 1 January 2018 
Cash flows 

-  Repayment 
-  Proceeds 

Non-cash 

-  Acquisition 
-  Fair value 
-  Reclassification 
As at 31 December 2018 

At 1 January 2017 
Cash flows 

-  Repayment 
-  Proceeds 

Non-cash 

-  Acquisition 
-  Fair value 
-  Reclassification 
As at 31 December 2017 

Long-term 
borrowings 
$ 
1,635,311 

(518,270) 
926,472 

- 
- 
(595,211) 
1,448,303 

Long-term 
borrowings 
$ 
1,327,593 

(122,644) 
332,434 

- 
- 
97,928 
1,635,311 

Short-term 
borrowings 
$ 
394,525 

- 
- 

- 
- 
595,211 
989,736 

Short-term 
borrowings 
$ 
492,453 

- 
- 

- 
- 
(97,928) 
394,525 

Total 

$ 
2,029,836 

(518,270) 
926,472 

- 
- 

2,438,088 

Total 

$ 
1,820,046 

(122,644) 
332,434 

- 
- 
- 
2,029,836 

24 

Contingent liabilities 

The Directors are not aware of any material contingent liabilities.  

25 

Related party transactions 

PSS  was  a  former  owner  of  ALDHC  and  ALD  until  the  reverse  merger  in  2010  that  created  Water 
Intelligence. PSS is now an affiliate of Water Intelligence and hence is a related party to the Company. 
PSS provides a technology license to Water Intelligence and ALD on terms favorable to Water Intelligence 
and  ALD.  The  license  is  royalty-free  for  the  first  $5  million  of  sales  for  products  developed  with  PSS 
technology. PSS also guarantees the bank debt of Water Intelligence as described below.  
During  the  normal  course  of  operations,  there  are  intercompany  transactions  among  PSS,  Water 
Intelligence plc, ALDHC and ALD. In previous years, PSS charged administrative fees to the Company to 
cover activities taken on behalf of company business, including research. The financial results of these 
related party transactions are reviewed by an independent director of Water Intelligence plc, the parent of 
ALDHC and ALD. 

Water Intelligence plc 
64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

As described in Note 7, the Company's parent (and the Company  as co-borrower) have different credit 
facilities with Peoples.  For the PSS  guarantee, ALD pays 0.75%  per annum based on the outstanding 
balance of the loan calculated at the end of each month. Interest charged on the PSS receivable will match 
the interest rate charged by the bank. The monthly charge for the PSS guarantee would not change and 
would be offset against amounts owed by PSS. The charge will be eliminated should the guarantee no 
longer be required by the bank. Interest income related to the PSS receivable amounted to $13,686 and 
$10,302 for the years December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The guarantee fee expense for the PSS 
guarantee  amounted  to  $16,877  and  $10,496  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2018  and  2017, 
respectively. During 2018 the Company paid expenses on behalf of PSS in the amount of $43,677. The 
related receivable/prepaid balance remaining is $205,606 and $165,130 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, 
respectively.  The net receivable outstanding as of December 31, 2018 is $188,729 (2017: $154.634). 

During the year, the Company had the following transactions with its subsidiary companies: 

Water Intelligence International Limited 

Balance at 31 December 2017 
Net loans to subsidiary 
Other expenses recharged and exchange differences 

Balance at 31 December 2017 

 ALDHC 
Balance at 31 December 2017 
Loans prepaid by WI capital raise 
Balance at 31 December 2018 

 ALD Inc. 
Balance at 31 December 2017 
Loans repaid by WI capital raise 
Loans to WI 
Other expenses recharged and exchange differences 

Balance at 31 December 2018 

26 

Subsequent events 

$ 

1,704,886 
- 
817,914 

2,522,800 

$ 

(376,729) 
376,729 
- 

$ 

(1,994,685) 
5,030,851 
(605,195) 
(293,731) 

2,137,240 

On 17 January 2019, the Company announced that Bobby Knell would replace John Weigold as a director 
on  the  Board  of  the  Company,  pending  regulatory  checks.  This  confirmation  of  this  appointment  was 
announced  on  12  March  2019.  Bobby  had  been  serving  as  a  managing  director  at Water  Intelligence 
responsible for franchise relations for the last four years.  Prior to this role, Mr. Knell founded and grew 
the Dallas franchise of American Leak Detection into a multimillion dollar operation; an operation now run 
by his son. 

On 5 February 2019, the Company announced a series of corporate activity, including the acquisition of 
Ontario (Niagara) franchise, expanding the Group’s corporate presence into Canada and  upstate New 
York; the sale of a new franchise territory for Youngstown, Ohio and financial support to a franchisee in 
Idaho,  accelerating  its  expansion  into  municipal  offerings.  In  addition,  the  formal  launch  of  the  ORCA 
municipal sewer product into the United States was announced.  

On 7 March 2019, the Company announced the acquisition of its South Atlanta and Southern Georgia 
franchise.  This  territory  will  be  used  to  create  a  regional  corporate  presence  to  help  accelerate 

Water Intelligence plc 
65 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

development  of  southeastern  franchises.  In  addition,  the  franchise  owner  has  agreed  to  stay  with 
American Leak Detection and open a new corporate location given his experience. 

On  28  March  2019,  the  Company  announced  the  acquisition  of  its  Orlando,  Florida  franchise.  The 
acquisition enables the Group to set up another regional office in Florida to support the growth of the ALD 
business throughout the southeast United States. Together, Orlando and Miami provide a critical mass of 
operating  personnel  to  grow  the  entire  southeast  United  States  providing  residential,  commercial  and 
municipal solutions.  During 2H, the Company will be opening a Water Intelligence International office in 
either Miami or Orlando in order to advance the Group's municipal line of business. 

On 4 April 2019, the Company announced the sale of a territory in Southern Georgia. This territory was 
undeveloped  and  used  to  be  part  of  the  franchise  acquired  by  the  Company  on  7  March  2019.  This 
transaction allows for optimization of franchise territory in the region and could be a model across the US 
enabling  more  sales  coverage  in  support  of  our  national  channels  and  incentivizing  ever  greater 
collaboration among corporate and franchise operations towards execution of our growth plan.  

On 4 April 2019 the Board granted 475,000 options with an exercise price of 475p and a four-year vesting 
requirement to employees and directors to incentivized continued high performance. In addition, a further 
50,000 options with an exercise price of 350p and a four-year vesting requirement were issued to vendors 
of reacquired franchises in 2019 and who are remaining in the employment of the Group. 

On 25 April 2019, the Company announced five new municipal contracts in the US to be launched in Q2 
by WII to underscore its value-add in cross-selling to territories being developed by ALD. 

On 1 May 2019, the Company announced the launch of its third national insurance contract with a major 
US insurance company and the expansion of its business-to-business channel. 

The provisional fair values of the acquisitions subsequent to year end are detailed below: 

Ontario 
$’000 

Orlando 
$’000 

Atlanta  
$’000 

Totals 
$’000 

Fair value of assets and liabilities acquired 
Equipment 
Vehicles 
Other 
Net assets acquired 

41,224 
51,435 
125,140 
217,799 

27,800 
46,300 
- 
74,100 

- 
- 
- 
- 

69,024 
97,735 
125,140 
291,899 

Consideration 
Cash  
Deferred consideration – discounted to present 
value 
Total consideration 

665,134 

673,000 

250,000 

1,588,134 

76,000 

471,698 

175,000 

722,698 

741,134 

1,144,698 

425,000 

2,310,832 

Intangible asset arising on acquisition  

523,335 

1,070,598 

425,000 

2,018,933 

27 

Control 

The Company is under the control of its shareholders and not any one party. The shareholdings of the 
directors and entities in which they are related are as outlined within the Director’s Report. 

Water Intelligence plc 
66