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FY2021 Annual Report · Water Intelligence
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Water Intelligence plc 

Group Annual Report and Financial Statements for 
the Year Ended 31 December 2021 

Company number 03923150 

 
 
 
 Group Annual Report and Financial Statements 

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Contents 

Page 

2  Company Information 

3  Chairman’s Statement 

6  Strategic Report 

13  Directors’ Report 

18  Corporate Governance Statement 

23  Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

24 

Independent Auditors’ report to the members of Water Intelligence plc 

29  Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

30  Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

31  Company Statement of Financial Position 

32  Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

33  Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

34  Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

35  Company Statement of Cash Flows 

36  Notes to the Financial Statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
1 

 
 
 
 
 Company Information 

Directors & Advisers 

Directors 

Executive Chairman 
Executive Director  

Patrick DeSouza 
Laura Hills 
Bobby Knell              Non-Executive Director 
Michael Reisman  Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
C. Daniel Ewell 
(Appointed 8, April 2021) 

Company Secretary 
and Registered Office 

Adrian Hargrave 
27-28 Eastcastle Street 
London 
United Kingdom 
W1W 8DH 

Company number 

Registered in England and Wales number 03923150 

Nominated adviser and broker  WH Ireland Limited 

24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 

Brokers 
                                                         15 Fetter Lane 
                                                         London 
                                                         EC4A 1BW 

                  Dowgate Capital Limited 

                                                         RBC Europe Limited 
                                                         100 Bishopsgate 

     London 
     EC2M 1GT 

Independent Auditor 

Registrar 

Bankers 

Crowe UK LLP  
55 Ludgate Hill  
London EC4M 7JW 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen West Midlands 
B63 3DA 

People’s United Bank a division of M&T Bank  
265 Church Street 

CITI Bank 
CGC Centre, 
Canary Wharf           New Haven 
London 
E14 5LB 

CT 06510 
USA 

Water Intelligence plc 
2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

Overview 

Despite the challenges of navigating the global marketplace over the last few years, we continue to 
reaffirm our primary objective, one that has been set forth in the Chairman’s Statement for the last decade:  
to create a leading multinational growth company for water and wastewater infrastructure solutions whose 
growth is not only strong but sustainable.  Global market demand for services and products to preserve our 
most  precious  natural  resource  and  to  address  the  reality  of  aging  water  infrastructure  underpins  our 
mission.  We are proud that we were awarded the Green Economy Mark from the London Stock Exchange. 

In  our  2020  Chairman’s  Statement,  we  provided  a  simple  message:  full  steam  ahead  for  2021 
despite  the  disruptions  caused  by  Covid.    Demonstrated  in  this  year’s  report  and  consistent  with  that 
message, we produced strong growth in 2021 and reinforced our enviable compounded annual growth rate 
(“CAGR”) from 2016 when we launched our current growth plan. Revenue increased 44% to $54.5 million 
(2020: $37.9 million).  Statutory profit before tax (PBT) increased 80% to $7.6 million (2020: $4.2 million).  
However,  $1.9  million  of  statutory  PBT  represented  a  one-time  gain.    Not  including  the  one-time  gain, 
statutory PBT grew 35% to $5.7 million (2020: $4.2 million).  Meanwhile PBT Adjusted for non-cash costs 
(amortisation and share-based payments) and non-core costs increased by 36% to $6.9 million (2020: $5.1 
million).  Not counting our one-time statutory PBT gain, for the span of 2016 -2021 our CAGRs still show 
revenue growth of 35% and statutory PBT growth of 49%.  

For 2022, we have a new set of challenges layered upon the lingering effects of Covid.  We are all 
aware  of  the  inflationary  challenges  ranging  from  the  conflict  in  Ukraine  to  supply  chain  and  inflationary 
concerns  that  create  market  uncertainty.    For  our  business,  we  face  fuel  and  material  prices  that  have 
doubled over the course of 1H 2022 as we service our customers to solve their leakage problems. Moreover, 
we face rising labour costs and retention issues as our technicians and managers themselves need to cope 
with  economy-wide  inflation.  Tactically,  as  outlined  below,  we  are  responding  to  these  new  challenges. 
Overall, our Chairman’s Statement strategic message remains similar to last year’s: Full steam ahead but 
with prudence as we balance rising costs.   

We have several operational attributes that enable us to navigate these market-wide challenges 
better than most.  Importantly, global market demand for water infrastructure solutions remains strong as 
we rise to meet  new  execution challenges.   Second, our core  American  Leak  Detection (ALD) business 
operates in the United States, and we benefit from earning money in dollars as interest rates rise to cope 
with inflation and produce a stronger dollar. Third, we have made timely technology investments in making 
our business more efficient. These investments will help combat inflationary pressures on our costs. Most 
importantly,  this  year  we  are  completing  our  Salesforce  (and  related  applications)  implementation  to 
automate many of our business processes and help drive greater productivity by our workforce. Further, we 
are  introducing  during  Q3  a  proprietary  new  tool  for  water  surveys  that  should  lower  labour  costs  for 
delivering that municipal offering. We have executed successful field trials in the UK and are now planning 
similar trials in Australia. In navigating 1Q 2022, our growth trajectory remained firm with revenue increasing 
by 44% (Q1 2022: $16.5 million vs. Q1 2021: $11.4 million). Our PBT Adjusted still grew by 16% to $2.1 
million (Q1 2021: $1.7 million). 

As we navigate 2022, we are helped by the fact that we have a critical mass of customers and a 
matrix of business lines – residential, commercial, municipal, clean water, sewer – that help offset volatility 
in any one segment. Our overall market presence in 2022 will surpass $150 million in annual network-wide 
gross sales to customers. Network-wide gross sales is a non-statutory concept that illuminates the actual 
sales to customers executed under the same brand whether by franchisees or by corporate technicians. 
Network-wide  gross  sales  includes  both  indirect  sales  to  our  customers  by  our  franchisees  from  which 
royalty income to the Group is derived (which is recorded in statutory terms) plus direct sales from corporate 
operations. To reiterate, both franchisees and corporate locations operate under the same ALD brand and 
to the customers there is no difference in franchise or corporate execution. This critical mass of sales, across 

Water Intelligence plc 
3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

our  more  than  150  locations  spread  across  the  United  States  and  in  the  UK,  Australia  and  Canada, 
establishes a solid foundation of customers from which to launch our next stage of growth.   

In  building  from  this  foundation,  despite  market-wide  challenges,  we  are  well-positioned  for  the 
short-run,  medium-run  and  long-run  to  execute  our  growth  plan.  With  our  strong  balance  sheet  and  our 
ability  to  generate  cash  each  year,  we  have  the  working  capital  to  reinvest  in  the  business  for  short  to 
medium term projects that reinforce sustainable growth.  Over the last six months, we have accelerated 
investment in human capital; expanding our execution team both in terms of senior management and on-
the-ground trained technicians.  More broadly, as noted above, over the last five years, we have also made 
investments  in  technology  products  (sewer  diagnostic  tools,  open  channel  liners,  video  e-commerce, 
Salesforce) that will over the next several years expand our business lines and make our business more 
scalable. Finally, we have also positioned ourselves for the longer-run horizon with two sets of financings 
during 2021 and Q1 2022.  We expanded our institutional equity base during July and November 2021. In 
parallel, during February 2021 and April 2022, we lowered our cost of capital by blending in low-cost bank 
debt.  Such  short-run,  medium-run  and  long-run  tactics  enable  us  to  meet  the  marketplace  challenges 
ahead. 

Operating KPIs   

Water  Intelligence  Key  Performance  Indicators  (KPIs)  are  explained  more  fully  in  the  Strategic 
Report. These KPIs serve to underscore two key dimensions of our overall strategic growth plan.  First, we 
prioritize Network-wide growth in order to establish a strong foundation of market presence.  With over 40 
years of operations, American Leak Detection (ALD) is a well-developed and highly regarded brand that 
sells to customers – residential, commercial and municipal – across the United States and in Australia and 
Canada.  ALD represents approximately 90% of the Group’s revenue.  In 2021 through franchise operated 
and  corporate  operated  locations,  ALD  customers  purchased  services  and  products  amounting  to 
approximately $141 million of gross sales. Our Water Intelligence International (WII) brand added another 
$6  million  in  gross  sales  operating  primarily  in  the  UK.    In  implementing  Salesforce,  we  are  creating 
efficiencies to further grow Network-wide sales.   

For 2021, KPIs illuminate the growth of both ALD and WII brands.  KPI #1 or ALD royalty income 
grew 2% to $6.8 million (2020: $6.7 million).  This royalty income represents approximately $99 million of 
Network gross sales (2020: $97 million). ALD and WII corporate sales or KPIs #2, #3 and #4 (respectively 
franchise  related  activities  such  as  the  Corporate  insurance  channel;  US  Corporate  direct  sales;  and 
International Corporate direct sales) grew 53% to $47.7 million (2020: $31.2 million).  Captured by these 4 
KPIs, total Network gross sales (ALD and WII) grew 14% to approximately $147 million (2020: $129 million).  
With 44%  WI revenue growth during 1Q, Network sales is  on  pace to  significantly  pass $150 million  for 
2022. 

Second,  beyond  expanding  Network  sales,  we  also  seek  to  unlock  shareholder  value  and  add 
profits  to  the  Group’s  consolidated  accounts  by  selectively  reacquiring  franchises  and  then  delivering 
solutions  through  corporate-run  locations  more  efficiently.  Our  Salesforce  implementation  enables  us  to 
create  corporate  regional  hubs  that  will  help  scale  ALD’s  dispatch  and  scheduling.    In  executing  for  the 
same customers under the ALD brand but with corporate-run operations, we are bringing a portion of the 
approximately  $99  million  of  franchise  operated  sales  and  associated  profits  directly  onto  the  Water 
Intelligence Group (WI) accounts.   

As explained more fully in KPI #3, we have unlocked significant value by growing former franchise 
locations  faster  both  in  terms  of  sales  and  profits.  For  comparison  purposes,  corporate-run  locations 
acquired from franchisees before 1 January 2020 grew 18% to $18.3 million (2020: $15.5 million); profits 
from those reacquired locations increased 8% to $3.3 million (2020: $3.1 million) even as we reinvested in 
these  new  corporate  locations  after  acquisition  for  future  growth.    The  profit  yield  of  $3.3  million  under 
corporate execution at these locations is significantly higher than the profit yield from the same $18.3 million 
of sales if executed by a franchisee.  Profit to the Group from franchise royalty would be approximately $0.3 
million. The difference in yield is even more pronounced when one considers the $31.9 million of sales at 

Water Intelligence plc 
4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

all corporate-run locations not just the ones owned prior to 1 January 2020.  It should be underscored that 
despite such selective reacquisitions, our strategic plan is still committed to reinforcing our core franchise 
business. Not only is the franchise System integral to our firm culture, it also provides monthly recurring 
income from franchise royalties that enables the Group to optimize its capital base with a prudent amount 
of bank debt.  As noted above, during Q1 2021 and Q1 2022 we have been able to complement institutional 
equity investment rounds with rounds of low-cost bank debt. 

Strategic Direction 

Our strategic plan continues to deliver results but we are mindful that we need to be vigilant with 
respect to market-wide inflationary pressures.  We are making the necessary investments both to capture 
more of market demand for our solutions and to reinforce profitability.  We have invested in human capital 
to  retain  our  highly  trained  technicians  and  also  to  provide  incentives  to  execute  more  jobs.    We  have 
invested in advancing our technology leadership not only in terms of new, more efficient tools but also in 
automating our business.  Our sales footprint in the US, UK, Canada and Australia provide us with a stable 
base  and  we  will  prudently  look  for  opportunities  to  expand  our  multinational  footprint  because  aging 
infrastructure  is  a  world-wide  problem.    We  appreciate  our  institutional  investors  and  their  long-term 
commitment  towards  building  a  world-class  multinational  growth  company  despite  all  of  the  market 
challenges. 

Dr. Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 

8 June 2022 

Water Intelligence plc 
5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Business Review and Key Performance Indicators 

The Chairman’s Statement, on pages 3 to 5, provides an overview of the year and an outlook for Water 
Intelligence plc and its subsidiaries, together referred to as the “Group”. The business indicators offered 
below are meant to capture for the Board not only the state of performance but also the evolution of our 
business model to a platform company. The Group seeks to provide a “One-stop Shop” for our growing 
base  of  customers.  We  offer  a  matrix  of  clean  water  and  waste-water  solutions  for  residential, 
commercial and municipal infrastructure problems. With such offerings, we can both cross-sell services 
from different business units or up-sell technology products from partners.   

The  Water  Intelligence  platform  has  two  wholly-owned  subsidiaries:    American  Leak  Detection  (ALD) 
and Water Intelligence International (WII). These business units are approaching $150 million of gross 
sales to third-parties. The two subsidiaries  are distinguished by the  degree of franchise-operated and 
corporate-operated  locations  and  their  respective  priorities  with  respect  to  residential,  business-to-
business and municipal customers.  

ALD, our core business, is largely a franchise business with strategic corporate-operated locations.  ALD 
is a leader in using technology to pinpoint and repair water leaks without destruction. Solutions target 
both  residential  and  business-to-business  customers,  such  as  insurance  companies,  which  value  our 
“minimally invasive” value proposition.  ALD generates approximately $141 million of sales to end-users. 
That critical mass of gross sales is derived from direct sales via corporate-operated locations and indirect 
sales measured by royalty income from franchisees, which, in turn, is based on franchisee gross sales 
to end-users.  

WII,  our  UK-based  operation,  focuses  on  municipal  solutions  given  the  world-wide  problem  of  failing 
water  infrastructure.  WII  has  approximately  $6  million  of  sales  to  customers.  WII’s  solutions  are  also 
technology-based. WII is exclusively a corporate-run unit that leads the Group’s international expansion. 
WII does have the capability to execute ALD service offerings and is currently doing so at our corporate -
operated locations in Australia. WII also cross-sells complementary municipal offerings and residential 
wastewater solutions to ALD customers in the US.  

The Group’s growth strategy is evaluated through key performance indicators (KPIs) that capture both 
corporate-operated  and  franchise-operated  organic  growth  from  ALD  and  WII  solutions,  as  well  as, 
acquisition-led  growth,  especially  by  selectively  converting  ALD  franchises  to  corporate-operated 
locations. Such re-acquisitions of franchisee operations enable some amount of the approximately $100 
million  in  highly  profitable  franchisee  sales  to  end-users,  currently  recorded  as  royalty  income,  to  be 
converted to the Group’s direct P&L.  In evaluating such acquisition-led P&L growth, it is also important 
to separate continuing operating costs from non-core transaction costs. Finally, because of the monthly 
recurring  royalty  income  from  the  franchise  business,  the  Group  is  able  to  be  efficient  in  its  capital 
formation using both equity and  bank  debt.  As a result, it is important that the Group manage to the 
right balance in capital formation by monitoring the level of bank borrowings.  

Six key performance indicators (KPIs) are used by the Board to monitor the above described business 
model:  (i)  growth  in  ALD  franchise  royalty  income,  (ii)  growth  in  ALD  franchise-related  activities  that 
include both business to business sales and sales of parts and equipment , (iii) growth in ALD corporate-
operated locations in the United States, (iv) growth in WII corporate activities located outside the United 
States, (v) non-core costs and (vi) net borrowings from banks which are subject to financial covenants. 
These six indicators are reported to the  Board and used to assist the Board in the management of the 
business. 

2021 Conclusions Drawn From 6 KPIs: 

i. 

ii. 

iii. 

ALD Franchise System is expanding its sales and brand presence across the United States as 
indicated by royalty growth.  Royalty growth continues given market demand despite franchisee 
reacquisitions which remove some royalty from the pool of eligible royalty income.  
ALD Business-to-Business Channel takes advantage of our national execution presence under 
one  brand  and,  led  by  the  growth  of  the  insurance  company  channel,  is  fueling  expansion  in 
both franchise-operated and corporate-operated locations.  
ALD Corporate-operated locations add to critical mass of Group revenue and profits. Selective 
reacquisitions from our growing franchise System further unlocks equity value for the Group. 

Water Intelligence plc 
6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

iv.  WII complements our ALD brand and contributes complementary municipal sales to the Group’s 

v. 

vi. 

overall sales presence in the US and international geographies. 
Non-core  costs,  largely  legal  transactions  costs,  are  an  acceptable  trade-off  relative  to  the 
operating  P&L  benefits  of  adding  critical  mass  to  the  Group’s  revenue  and  profits  through 
acquisition. 
Net-borrowing  position  with  respect  to  banks  is  favourable  for  Group’s  continued  growth  and 
business  plan  especially  given  the  consistent  growth  of  monthly  recurring  income  and  low 
interest rate environment. 

Franchise Royalty Income.  

(i) 
ALD is the centrepiece of the Group’s distribution strategy as a “One-Stop Shop” platform because of its 
sales footprint in 46 states of the US and multiple locations in Australia and Canada. First, the franchise 
System  provides  over  100  operating  locations  across the  United  States  for  the  delivery  of  products  and 
services with some franchises owning multiple territories.  The Group’s business-to-business partners, such 
as insurance companies, value such an installed base.  Second, the franchise System provides a recurring 
royalty stream to the Group. More broadly, part of the Group’s strategy to unlock shareholder value is to 
selectively  reacquire  franchises  and  operate  the  business  as  a  corporate  location.  By  executing  such 
conversions, the Group is trading-off a portion of the pool of royalty income for aggregating the critical mass 
of revenue and profits from those locations onto the Group’s Statement of Income. 

Royalty income in 2021 grew in absolute terms by 2% compared with 2020 despite a significant number of 
reacquisitions during 2021 which had the effect of reducing the eligible pool of royalty income. Such royalty 
growth is attributable in part to the benefits arising from the Group’s insurance channel which expands the 
franchise  System.  Profits  before  tax  from  this  business  line  grew  by  2%  as  the  franchise  System  has 
continued to scale. The Group has 83 franchises at the end of 2021, which represents a decrease of 11 
franchises (2020: 94). The decrease was the result of the reacquisition and conversion of 11 franchises 
into corporate-run locations.  Performance from royalty income is as follows: 

Total USA 
International 
Total Group Royalty Income 
Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$'000 
6,699 
105 
6,803 
1,809 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$'000 
6,572 
119 
6,691 
1,771 

Change 
% 
2% 
(12)% 
2% 
2% 

Franchise-related Activities.  

(ii) 
US franchise-related activities capture underlying dimensions of the franchise System.  Parts and equipment 
sales are one indication of franchisee reinvestment in growth of their respective operations.  For 2021, not 
captured within this subcategory are amounts paid by franchisees for licenses to Salesforce and associated 
applications ($0.1 million). Business-to-Business channels, such as insurance and property management 
represent national customers and are an indication that these customers value ALD’s nationwide brand and 
sales footprint – an important aspect of competitive strategy. Jobs for franchisees are sourced by Corporate 
headquarters  from  insurance  companies  using  a  centralized  processing  system.  The  jobs  are  then 
dispatched to franchisees from corporate administration with corporate  administration taking  liability and 
payment risk. Finally, sales of franchise units represent the decision to develop a new territory through a 
franchisee as opposed to corporate operations.  This line item recognizes the Group’s current priority with 
respect  to  adding  corporate-operated  locations  as  opposed  to  franchisee-operated  locations  in  order  to 
develop and grow a territory.   

Revenue from franchise-related activities  in  2021 grew by 3% compared to 2020 largely because of the 
growth of the Group’s business-to-business channel.   Profits before tax grew 18% in 2021 compared with 
2020.  Performance from franchise-related activities are as follows: 

Water Intelligence plc 
7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Parts and equipment sales 
Business-to-Business sales 
Sales of Franchise Units 
Total Revenue Franchise Activities    
Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$'000 
806 
8,941 
23 
9,770 
805 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$'000 
950 
8,536 
27 
9,513 
683 

Change 
% 
(15)% 
5% 
(16)% 
3% 
18% 

US Corporate Operated Locations (ALD).  

(iii) 
Corporate-run locations, both greenfield and initiated after reacquisition of franchise locations, contribute 
revenue  and  profits  to  the  Group.    In  addition,  such  operations  also  support  the  franchise  System  with 
strategy,  marketing  and  execution  support  in  further  developing  territories.  Performance  of  the  US 
corporate-run  locations  post-reacquisition  is  also  an  indication  of  the  success  of  the  Group’s  strategy  to 
selectively reacquire ALD franchises and capture more of market demand for our minimally invasive leak 
detection  and  repair  solutions.  The  Group  directly  operates  38  locations,  an  increase  of  11  locations 
(2020: 27).   

As  set  forth  below,  ALD  Corporate-operated  revenue  grew  83%  to  $31.8  million  (2020:  $17.4  million). 
Meanwhile profits before tax grew strongly by 58% to a $6 million (2020: $3.8 million). We also measure 
the  difference between  near-term corporate growth  through reacquisitions  of franchisees and  longer-run 
corporate-operated organic growth post reacquisition.  We have included a line item for corporate locations 
owned during the comparison years; in this case, prior to January 1, 2020.  For these corporate-run locations 
after reacquisition, revenue grew 18% to $18.3 million (2020: $15.5 million) and profits before tax grew 8% 
to $3.3 million (2020: $3 million). 

Table (iii) also enables us to assess the trade-off between franchise royalty growth and corporate-operated 
growth by examining yield in terms of Group profit before tax. Corporate store profit before tax amounts to 
$6 million.  If the Group was a “franchise-only” business and the same $31.8 million of sales to the same 
customers  under  the  same  ALD  brand  were  executed  by  franchisees,  the  Group  would  only  receive 
approximately $0.6 million of the profit before taxes.  ($31.8 million of sales multiplied by 6.75% average 
royalty fee equals approximately $2.15 million of royalty income; and $2.15 million is then multiplied by 27% 
profit margin of royalty income - see KPI #1 – to yield $0.6 million of profits before tax to the Group).  Even 
at a much higher margin of managing the franchise System, corporate profits on direct sales is higher. 

Performance from corporate-operated locations is as follows: 

Revenue 
   Locations owned prior to 1 January 2020 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$'000 
31,861 
18,334 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$'000 
17,434 
15,474 

Change 
% 
83% 
18% 

Profit before tax (see note 4) 
   Locations owned prior to 1 January 2020 

6,007 
3,309 

3,796 
3,077 

58% 
8% 

Water Intelligence plc 
8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

International Corporate Operated Locations (WII)  

(iv) 
The Group continues to strengthen its multinational presence through its UK-based WII subsidiary. WII 
focuses largely on municipal solutions while maintaining core residential and commercial offerings. In this 
way, WII offers expertise that complements core ALD offerings which focus on residential and commercial 
solutions. WII has expanded its multinational operating scope by managing corporate locations 
established in Australia and Ontario, Canada after ALD franchisee reacquisitions.  

WII sales grew 42% during 2021 to $6.1 million. (2020: $4.3 million) and profits grew by 1% to $0.32 
million (2020: $0.31 million).  Performance from Water Intelligence International is as follows:   

UK  
Australia 
Canada 

Total Revenue from International 
Corporate Activities  

Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$'000 
2,384 
2,615 
1,111 

6,109 

316 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$'000 
1,591 
1,889 
814 

4,295 

312 

Change 
% 
50% 
38% 
36% 

42% 

1%  

Non-Core Costs.  

(v) 
During  2021, the Group incurred what are considered to be  non-core costs relating to  transactions or 
non-recurring expense. As discussed herein, understanding non-core costs, as distinct from continuing 
operating  costs,  helps  the  Board  evaluate  capital  allocation  choices  made  to  accelerate  operations 
organically  and  to  scale  through  acquisition.  In  2021,  there  were  $323,000  of  non-core  costs  (2020: 
$101,000).  Please see table below for details: 

ADP software upgrade  
Technology upgrades 
Transaction-related legal and other costs 
Total 

Year ended  
31 December 2021 
$’000  

Year ended  
31 December 2020 
$’000 

31  
193  
100  
323  

- 
- 
101 
101 

Net Bank Borrowings. 

(vi) 
Management of financial resources is important for making various decisions regarding the 
reinvestment rate in the growth of operations.  As noted herein, the monthly recurring income from 
franchise royalty provides the Group with attractive attributes for  using bank debt to complement 
equity sources of capital.  In the current macroeconomic environment, bank debt is a relatively 
cheaper cost of capital than equity.  The Group’s objective for risk management purposes is to be 
prudent with respect to bank financial covenants. Net cash after Bank Borrowings is positive and 
amortisation of such debt extends through 2026.  

Water Intelligence plc 
9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Group 

Lines of credit: acquisition and working capital 
Term loan 

Less: Cash 

Held in US Dollars 
Held in £ Sterling 
Held in CDN Dollars 
Held in AU Dollars 

Total Net Bank Borrowings/(Cash) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021 
$'000 
227 
7,781 
8,007 

20,404 
2,570 
270 
559 
23,802 
(15,795) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020 
$'000 
227 
6,555 
6,782 

5,662 
652 
250 
255 
6,819 
(37) 

In April 2022, as described in the subsequent events, the Group expanded its credit facilities. 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 
The  Group’s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for  measuring  and  managing  risk  are  described  in 
note 23. The principal risks and uncertainties to which the Group is exposed include: 

Market Risk 

The Group’s activities expose it to the financial risk of changes in foreign currency exchange rates as 
it undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. There has been no change to 
the Group’s exposure to market risks. The Group monitors exposure to foreign exchange rate changes 
on a daily basis by a daily review of the Group’s cash balances in the US, UK , Canada and Australia. 

Interest Rate Risk 
The Group’s interest rate risk arises from its working capital and term loan borrowings. 

Whilst borrowing issued at variable rates would expose the Group to cash flow risks, as at year -end, 
the Company is only subject to a variable rate on its working capital line of credit. 

Credit Risk 
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its cash and cash equivalents and trade 
receivables. The credit risk on other classes of financial assets is considered insignificant.  

Liquidity Risk 
The  Group  manages  its  liquidity  risk  primarily  through  the  monitoring  of  forecasts  and  actual  cash 
flows. 

Covid-19 Risk 
2021 represented the second year of the global pandemic.  Some regulations eased  while others 
remained.  The Group delivers water and wastewater services and is considered a supplier of 
“essential services” under governmental policies covering shelter-in-place.  As such the Group 
continued to operate during the most difficult time periods of the pandemic.  The Group continually 
evaluates health and safety protocols for our technicians.  The Group has sufficient cash to execute its 
plan and balance work protocols for the health and safety of all our stakeholders, especially our 
technicians and our customers. 

Other Risks 
There is a risk that existing and new customer relationships  and R&D will not lead to the sales growth 
and increased profits. The Group is reliant on a small number of skilled managers. The Group is reliant 
on effective relationships with its franchisees,  especially in the US. Finally, while not apparent during 
2021, there are emerging risks, such as inflation during 2022 that the Group is monitoring. 

Water Intelligence plc 
10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Corporate Governance statement S172 of the UK’s Companies Act 
Each director must act in a way that, in good faith, would most likely promote the success of the Group for 
the benefit of its stakeholders.  The Board of Directors consider, both individually and together, that they 
have acted in the way they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the 
company for the benefit of its members as a whole (having regard to the stakeholders and matters 
indicated in S172) in the decisions taken during the year ended 31 December 2021. Following is an 
overview of how the Board performed its duties during 2021. 

Shareholders and Banking Relationships 
The Executive Chairman, Chief Financial Officer, members of the Board and senior executives on the 
management team have regular contact with major shareholders and banking relationships.  The Board 
receives regular updates on the views of shareholders which are taken into account when the Board 
makes its decisions.  During February 2021 expanded its credit facilities. During July and November 2021, 
the Company raised capital largely from its current shareholders. The Group received feedback during 
each process.  

Employees 
The Board recognizes the importance of advanced human capital to a technology and services-led 
business.  The Board works through its human resources director to provide on-going training and 
benefits.  It also provides advancement opportunities in its various corporate-operated locations.  As 
noted herein, the Group has taken a variety of steps to address the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of its 
employees and stakeholders.   

Franchisees 
The Group holds an annual convention for its franchisees which includes education and training sessions. 
During 2021, as a result of the pandemic the Group did not hold its Convention. During 2021, the Group 
substituted with various video meetings including several meetings regarding pandemic updates and 
changing practices.  Franchisees have an Advisory Committee that provides input to the Board with 
quarterly meetings.  One of our Board members, Bobby Knell, successfully developed the Dallas franchise 
and retired as one of our leading franchisees. He provides an additional channel for input from the 
franchise System.  Throughout the year, the Group shared best practices with franchisees in responding 
to Covid-19 circumstances. 

Customers 
ALD has a reputation for high quality service delivery across the United States for over thirty years.  Given 
the importance of our reputation with customers, especially insurance companies, the Board pays 
significant levels of attention to the quality of our service delivery.  Management gathers data that it 
shares with the Board on customer satisfaction.  

Community and Environment 
The Group’s brand stands for the conservation of water and the importance of providing solutions to 
potable and non-potable water leaks.  Through our advertising and marketing the Group seeks to 
communicate to the public both the importance of sustainability, particularly with respect to water loss 
through leakage, and the importance for public health of remediating sewer blockages as consumers 
dispose of sanitary wipes in toilets during Covid-19.  The Group took an active role not only in providing 
leak detection services to local government in Flint, Michigan – a community known for its lead in the 
water crisis – but also in working to educate community members on the importance of on-going water 
monitoring.  The Board has sought to be active with respect to education and water. During 2019 and 
2020, members of the Board have worked with Columbia University to contribute to its “Year of Water” 
education campaign.   During 2020 the Group was pleased to receive the Green Economy Mark from the 
London Stock Exchange. 

Water Intelligence plc 
11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

By order of the Board 

Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 

8 June 2022

Water Intelligence plc 
12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director’s Report 

The  Directors  present  their  report  on  the  affairs  of  Water  Intelligence  plc  (the  “Company”)  and  its 
subsidiaries, referred to as the Group, together with the audited Financial  Statements and Independent 
Auditors’ report for the year ended 31 December 2021. 

Principal Activities 
The Group is a leading provider of minimally-invasive leak detection and remediation services for potable 
and non-potable water. The Group’s strategy is to be a “One-stop Shop” for solutions (including products) 
for residential, commercial and municipal customers. 

Results 
The financial performance for the year, including the Group’s Statement of Comprehensive Income and 
the Group’s financial position at the end of the year, is shown in the Financial Statements on pages 29 to 
35. 

2021  was  marked  by  sustained  and  balanced  multinational  growth  for  both  ALD  and  WII.  Total 
revenue grew 44% to $54.5 million and statutory profits before tax grew 80% to $7.6 million when 
compared with 2020. Profit before tax included a one-time gain of $1.9 million.  Holding the one-
time gain aside, statutory profit before tax grew 35% to $5.3 million.  Again, holding aside the one-
time gain, our ALD subsidiary grew revenue 44% to $48.4 million and profit before tax 38% to $5.40 
million when compared with 2020.  Our WII subsidiary grew revenue 42% to $6.1 million and grew 
profit  before  taxes  by  1%  to  $0.32  million.    The  splits  between  ALD  and  WII  revenue  remained 
consistent  during  2021  when  compared  with  2020  with  approximately  90%  of  total  revenue 
attributable to ALD and 10% of total sales attributable to WII. 

Going Concern 
The Directors have prepared a business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to December 2023. 
The  forecast  contains  certain  assumptions  about  the  level  of  future  sales  and  the  level  of  margins 
achievable. These assumptions are the Directors’ best estimate of the future development of the business.  
The Group generates increasing levels of cash driven by its profitable and growing US-based business, 
ALD.    The  Directors  also  note  that  the  Group  has  diversified  its  operations  further  with  growth  in  WII.  
Moreover,  after  oversubscribed  capital  raises  in  July  and  November  2021  and  expansion  of  its  credit 
facilities in February 2021 and April 2022, the Directors believe that funding will be available on a case-
by-case basis for additional initiatives. 

Cash  at  31  December  2021  increased  to  $23.8  million  (2020:  $6.8  million).  At  31 December  2021, 
total debt (borrowings and deferred consideration from franchise acquisitions) was $22 million with 
amortisation  of  such  amount  spread  through  2026.    Meanwhile,  operating  cash  flows  (EBITDA)  in 
2021 increased by 45% to $10.0 million (2020: $6.9 million).  For 2022, the Directors are monitoring 
inflationary  pressures  and  investments,  such  as  Salesforce.com  and  related  software  applications, 
geared to offset inflation through efficiencies.  

The Directors conclude that the Group will have adequate cash resources both to pursue its growth plan 
and  to  accelerate  execution  if  it  so  chooses.  The  Directors  are  satisfied  that  the  Group  has  adequate 
resources  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future  and  accordingly,  continue  to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.    

Research & Development; Commercialization 
The  Group’s  focus  is  currently  on  reinvestment  for  commercialization  of  products  not  pure  R&D. 
Expenditure  on  pure  research,  all  of  which  is  undertaken  by  third  parties  not related  to  the Group, 
was $0 (2020: $3,034). The Group remains committed to anticipate market demands and has spent 
money on new product development during the year which has been capitalised .  

Dividends 
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2020: $nil).  

Water Intelligence plc 
13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director’s Report 

Share Price 
On 31 December 2021, the closing market price  of  Water Intelligence plc ordinary shares was  1095.0 
pence. The highest and lowest prices of these shares during the year to 31 December 2021 were 1340.0 
pence and 490.0 pence respectively. 

 Capital Structure 
Details of the authorised and issued share capital are shown in Note  21. No person has any special 
rights of control over the Company’s share capital and all issued shares are fully paid.  

Future Developments 
Future developments are outlined throughout the Chairman’s Statement on pages 3-6. 

Financial Risk Management 
Financial  risk  management  is  outlined  in  the  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  section  of  the  Strategic 
Report on page 10.  

Subsequent Events 
On 19 January 2022, the  Group announced  the reacquisition of its Fort Worth,  Texas franchise  territory 
within  the  Group’s  ALD  franchise  business.    The  Fort  Worth  operation  is  fast-growing  and  expected  to 
accelerate further by adding new service locations in  north and  west Texas during 2022. Moreover, this 
reacquisition reinforces the Group’s strategy of establishing regional corporate hubs in the US that have 
scale to fuel growth in nearby corporate and franchise locations.  The purchase price of $7.7 million in cash 
is to be paid over three years. The purchase price is based on 2021 pro forma of $3.6 million in revenue 
and $1.2 million in profit before tax. 

On 3 February 2022, the Group announced the sale of certain territory in rural North Carolina to an existing, 
fast-growing franchisee of American Leak Detection (ALD).  The purchase price for the territory is $90,000, 
all of which is recognised as revenue at 100% profit margin. It is also expected that the franchise owner will 
be purchasing additional equipment from ALD to launch service vehicles to develop the territory. Finally, 
the commercialization of such “greenfield” territory will also add royalty income to the Group’s ALD business 
unit during 2022. 

On 7 April 2022, the Group announced the expansion of its acquisition line of credit to include an additional 
$15  million  for  further  acquisitions  of  its  franchises.  As  part  of  the  facility,  the  Group  entered  into  swap 
arrangements that maintain a fixed interest rate of approximately 5.5% on amounts drawn under the facility 
and are amortised over a term of five years. The covenants and guarantee requirements for the new facility 
remain the same all other credit facilities with People’s Bank, now operating post-acquisition as part of M&T 
Bank.  

On 12  May 2022, the Group announced the reacquisition of  its  American Leak Detection  Central Texas 
franchise.  The franchise includes the cities of Abilene, Lubbock and Midland which are west of  recently 
launched  corporate-operated  locations  of  Fort  Worth  (via  franchise  acquisition)  and  Wichita  Falls 
(greenfield).  The  purchase  price  of  $0.75  million  in  cash  is  based  on  the  franchise’s  2021  Statement  of 
Income of $0.65 million in revenue and $0.21 million in profit before tax. 

Water Intelligence plc 
14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director’s Report 

Directors 
The Directors who served the Company during the year and up to  the date of this report were as 
follows: 

Executive Directors 
Patrick DeSouza – Executive Chairman 
Laura Hills  

Non-Executive Directors 
Bobby Knell   
Michael Reisman 
C. Daniel Ewell (Appointed 8, April 2021) 

On 7 June  2021,  Laura Hills and Bobby  Knell  swapped roles as  executive and  non-executive directors 
respectively, reflecting their ongoing roles within the Group. The biographical details of the Directors of the 
Company are set out on the Corporate Governance section of the report and on the Company’s website 
www.waterintelligence.co.uk  

Directors’ emoluments 

2021 

Executive Directors 
P DeSouza 
L Hills 
Non-Executive Directors 
D Ewell 
B Knell 
M Reisman 

2020 

Executive Directors 
P DeSouza 
L Hills 
Non-Executive Directors 
D Silverstone 
B Knell 
M Reisman 

Salary, Fees & 
Bonus 

Benefits  Redundancy  

$ 

$ 

$  

639,381 
125,000 

15,004 
- 

30,000 
40,000 
40,000 

- 
- 
- 

874,381 

15,004 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

Salary, Fees & 
Bonus 

Benefits  Redundancy  

$ 

$ 

$  

581,203 
92,458 

20,500 
60,000 
20,304 
774,465 

25,312 
- 

- 
- 
- 
25,312 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Total 

$ 

654,385 
125,000 

30,000 
40,000 
40,000 

889,385 

Total 

$ 

606,515 
92,458 

20,500 
60,000 
20,304 
799,777 

Water Intelligence plc 
15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director’s Report 

Directors’ interests 
The Directors who held office at 31 December 2021 and subsequent to year end had the following direct 
interest in the voting rights of the Company at 31 December 2021 and at the date of this report, 
excluding the shares held by Plain Sight Systems, Inc. 

Number of shares at 
31 December 2021 

% held at 31 
December 2021 

Number of shares at  
8 June 2022 

% held at 8 
June 2022 

Patrick 
DeSouza*/** 
Michael Reisman* 
Laura Hills 
Bobby Knell 
Dan Ewell 

4,867,110 

184,126 
116,196 
27,000 
30,524 

25.03 

0.95 
0.60 
0.14 
0.16 

4,867,110 

184,126 
116,196 
27,000 
30,524 

25.04 

0.95 
0.60 
0.14 
0.16 

*Included in the total above, Patrick DeSouza has (i) 180,000 Partly Paid Shares (2016), (ii) 750,000  (March 2018) (iii) 
850,000 (May 2019) and (iv) 300,000 Partly Paid Shares (October 2020). These will not be admitted to trading or carry any 
economic rights until fully paid. 

*Patrick DeSouza and Michael Reisman are directors and shareholders in Plain Sight Systems, Inc.  
**Patrick DeSouza’s interests include 1,965,000 shares held by The Patrick J. DeSouza 2020 Irrevocable Trust U/A Dtd 
11/23/2020 and 605,936 shares held in The Patrick J. DeSouza GRAT #1 U/T/A Dtd 11/23/2020 

Share option schemes 
To provide incentive for the management and key employees  of the Group, the Directors  award stock 
options.  Details of the current scheme are set out in Note 7. 

Substantial Shareholders 
As well as the Directors’ interests reported above, the following interests of 3.0% and above as at the date 
of this report were as follows: 

Plain Sight Systems, Inc. 
Canaccord Genuity Group Inc. 
State Street Nominees Limited 
George D. Yancopoulos 
Amati AIM VCT 
Herald Investment Trust 

Number of shares  % held 
12.50 
2,430,410 
11.84 
2,300,580 
6.64 
1,291,339 
4.53 
880,920 
4.19 
814,660 
3.31 
642,526 

Corporate Responsibility 
The Board recognises its employment, environmental and health and safety responsibilities. It devotes 
appropriate  resources  towards  monitoring  and  improving  compliance  with  existing  standards.  An 
Executive Director has responsibility for these areas at  Board level, ensuring that the Group’s policies 
are upheld and providing the necessary resources. 

Employees 
The Board recognises that the Group’s employees are its most important asset.  

The  Group  is  committed  to  achieving  equal  opportunities  and  to  complying  with  relevant  anti-
discrimination  legislation.  It  is  established  Group  policy  to  offer  employees  and  job  applicants  the 
opportunity  to  benefit  from  fair  employment,  without  regard  to  their  sex,  sexual  orientation,  marital 
status, race, religion or belief, age or disability. Employees are encouraged to train and develop their 
careers. 

The Group has continued its policy of informing all employees of matters of concern to them as employees, 
both in their immediate work situation and in the wider context of the Group’s well-being. Communication 
with employees is effected through the  Board, the Group’s management briefings structure, formal and 
informal meetings and through the Group’s information systems. 

Water Intelligence plc 
16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director’s Report 

Independent Auditors 
Crowe UK LLP has expressed their willingness to continue in office. In accordance with section 489 of 
the Companies Act 2006, resolutions for their re-appointment and to authorise the Directors to determine 
the Independent Auditors’ remuneration will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.  

Statement of disclosure to the Independent Auditor 
Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has 
confirmed that: 

• 

• 

so far as that Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the 
Group's auditor is unaware; and 

that Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be 
aware  of  any  relevant  audit  information  and  to  establish  that  the  Company  and  the  Group's 
auditor is aware of that information. 

By order of the Board 

Patrick DeSouza 
Executive Chairman 
 8 June 2022 

Water Intelligence plc 
17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance Statement 

As a Board, we believe that practicing good Corporate Governance is essential for building a successful 
and sustainable business in the long-term interests of all stakeholders. Water Intelligence’s shares are 
listed on AIM, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange. 

With effect from September 2018, Water Intelligence has adopted the QCA Corporate Governance Code. 
The Company has adopted a share dealing code for the Board and employees of the Company which is 
in conformity with the requirements of Rule 21 of the AIM Rules for Companies. The Company takes steps 
to ensure compliance by the Board and applicable employees with the terms of such code. 
The following pages outline the structures, processes and procedures by which the Board ensures that 
high standards of corporate governance are maintained throughout the Group. 

Further details can be found on our website at www.waterintelligence.co.uk/corporate-Board-and-
governance. 

Takeovers and Mergers 
The Company is subject to The City Code on Takeovers and Mergers. 

Board 
The Board, chaired by Patrick DeSouza, comprises two executive and three non-executive directors and it 
oversees and implements the Company’s corporate governance program. As Chairman, Dr. DeSouza is 
responsible for the Company’s approach to corporate governance and the application of the principles of 
the QCA Code.  Michael Reisman and Dan Ewell are the Company’s independent directors. The Board is 
supported by two committees: audit and remuneration. The Board does not consider that it is of a size at 
present to require a separate nominations committee, and all members of the Board are involved in the 
appointment of new directors. 

Each Board member commits sufficient time to fulfil their duties and obligations to the Board and the 
Company. They are required to attend at least 4 Board meetings annually and join regular Board calls that 
take place between formal meetings and offer availability for consultation when needed. 

Board papers are sent out to all directors in advance of each Board meeting including management 
accounts and accompanying reports from those responsible. 

Meetings held during the period between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021 and the attendance of 
directors is summarized below: 

Patrick DeSouza 
Bobby Knell 
Michael Reisman       
Dan Ewell 
Laura Hills  

Board meetings 
Possible (attended) 
6/6 
6/6 
6/6 
6/6 
6/6 

Audit committee 
Possible (attended)  Possible (attended) 

Remuneration committee 

2/2 
2/2 

2/2 
2/2 

Board Committees 
The Board has established an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee with delegated duties and 
responsibilities. 

(a) Audit Committee 
Dan  Ewell,  Non-Executive  Director,  is  Chairman  of  the  Audit  Committee.  The  other  member  of  the 
Committee  is  Michael  Reisman.  The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that  the  financial 
performance, position and prospects for the Company are properly monitored, controlled and reported on 
and for meeting the auditors and reviewing their reports relating to accounts and internal controls. 

(b) Remuneration Committee 
Michael Reisman, Non-Executive Director, is Chairman of the Remuneration Committee. The other member 
of the Committee is Bobby Knell. The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing performance 

Water Intelligence plc 
18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance Statement 

of Executive Directors and determining the remuneration and basis of service agreement with due regard 
for the Combined Code. The Remuneration Committee also  determines the  payment  of  any bonuses to 
Executive Directors and the grant of options. 

The Company has adopted and operates a share dealing code for directors and senior employees on the 
same terms as the Model Code appended to the Listing Rules of the UKLA. 

Board Experience 
All five members of the Board bring complementary skill sets to the Board. One director is female and four 
are male. The Board believes that its blend of relevant experience, skills and personal qualities and 
capabilities is sufficient to enable it to successfully execute its strategy. In addition, the Board receives 
regular updates from, amongst others, its nominated adviser, legal counsel and company secretary in 
relation to key rule changes and corporate governance requirements, as well as regular liaison with audit 
firms both in the UK and the US in respect of key disclosure and accounting requirements for the Group, 
especially as accounting standards evolve. In addition, each new director appointment is required to 
receive AIM rule training from the Company’s nominated adviser at the time of their appointment. 

Patrick J. DeSouza, Executive Chairman 

Term of office: Appointed as Executive Chairman in July 2010. 

Background and suitability for the role: Dr. DeSouza has been Chairman of American Leak Detection 
since 2006 and Executive Chairman since its reverse merger to create Water Intelligence plc in 2010. He 
has 25 years of operating and advisory leadership experience with both public and private companies in 
the defence, software/Internet and asset management industries. Over the course of his career, Dr. 
DeSouza has had significant experience in corporate finance and cross-border mergers and acquisition 
transactions. He has practised corporate and securities law as a member of the New York and California 
bars. Dr. DeSouza has also worked at the White House as Director for Inter-American Affairs on the 
National Security Council. He is the author of Economic Strategy and National Security (2000)l. He is a 
graduate of Columbia College, the Yale Law School and Stanford Graduate School. 

Laura Hills, Executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed 7 June 2021, having previously been a non-executive director since 6 February 
2018. 

Background and suitability for the role: Laura has more than 30 years’ experience as a legal professional, 
having spent 10 years working for Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), where she served as 
Associate General for the agency’s finance program, supervising a team of lawyers on all finance 
transactions ranging from micro-lending and small business to multi-creditor infrastructure project 
financing in emerging market countries. In 2002, Ms. Hills founded Hills, Stern & Morley LLP, an emerging 
markets legal firm based in Washington D.C. Laura sits on the Board of the Gerald Ford Presidential 
Foundation. Laura brings considerable expertise in negotiating on infrastructure and renewables related 
transactions globally. Moreover, Ms. Hills experience with non-profits assists the Board in fulfilling its 
responsibility to advance the mission of Water Intelligence to support underserved communities globally. 
Laura holds undergraduate, graduate and law degrees from Stanford University.  

Bobby Knell, Non-Executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed 7 June 2021, having previously been an executive director since 17 January 
2019. 

Background and suitability for the role: The ALD franchise business is central to the operations and value 
proposition of Water Intelligence. Bobby has served as a managing director at Water Intelligence 
responsible for franchise relations for the last four years.  Prior to this role, Bobby founded and grew the 
Dallas franchise of American Leak Detection into a multi-million dollar operation, an operation now run by 

Water Intelligence plc 
19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance Statement 

his son.  His appointment furthers the alignment of strategy and interests between corporate operations 
and the core American Leak Detection franchise business. 

Michael Reisman, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 30 July 2010. 

Background and suitability for the role: Professor Reisman currently serves as Myres S. McDougal 
Professor of International Law at the Yale Law School, where he has been on the faculty since 1965 and 
has previously been a visiting professor in Tokyo, Berlin, Basel, Paris, Geneva and Hong Kong Professor 
Reisman is the President of the Arbitration Tribunal of the Bank for International Settlements and a 
member of the Advisory Committee on International Law of the Department of State. He has served as 
arbitrator and counsel in many international cases. He was also President of the Inter-American 
Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States. Because of his international legal 
experience and the growing multinational character of the Company, Professor Reisman leads matters of 
governance, corporate responsibility and remuneration. He is a graduate of Yale Law School. 

C. Daniel Ewell, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 8 April 2021 

Background and suitability for the role:  Dan Ewell is currently a Senior Advisor at Morgan Stanley, where 
he has worked as an investment banker for over 33 years. Prior to assuming his current role, Mr. Ewell 
served as Vice Chairman and Head of Western Region Investment Banking for Morgan Stanley. Dan has 
extensive experience in advising companies and helping them grow through capital raising and strategic 
transactions. His experience spans a range of sectors including consumer/retails, industrial, healthcare 
and media/technology, and included companies with franchised business models.  As the Group 
continues to scale its operations internationally, it has a need to broaden its institutional and strategic 
activity in capital markets. Mr. Ewell brings considerable expertise in this area.  He is a graduate of 
University of California, Berkeley, Yale Law School and Yale School of Management. 

The Group has a non-Board Chief Financial Officer, Pat Lamarco, who attends all Board meetings and 
reports regularly to the Board and assists in the preparation of Board materials and in reviewing the 
budget and ongoing performance.  Mr. Lamarco has significant tax and audit experience. Mr. Lamarco 
was formerly a partner with RSM, a global accounting firm. 

The Company Secretary is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are followed and that all 
applicable rules and regulations are complied with. Adrian Hargrave currently performs the role of 
Company Secretary, providing an advisory role to the Board. The Company Secretary is supported and 
guided in this role by the Company’s legal advisors. 

The Directors have access to the Company’s CFO, NOMAD, Company Secretary, lawyers and auditors 
as and when required and are able to obtain advice from other external bodies when necessary. 

Board Performance and Effectiveness 
The performance and effectiveness of the Board, its committees and individual Directors is reviewed by 
the Chairman and the Board an ongoing basis. Training is available should a Director request it, or if the 
Chairman feels it is necessary. The performance of the Board is measured by the Chairman and Michael 
Reisman, one of the non-executive directors, with reference to the Company’s achievement of its strategic 
goals. 

Water Intelligence plc 
20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance Statement 

Risk Management 
The Directors recognise their responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and have established 
systems to ensure that an appropriate and reasonable level of oversight and control is provided. The 
Group’s systems of internal control are designed to help the Group meet its business objectives by 
appropriately managing, rather than eliminating, the risks to those objectives. The controls can only 
provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The Executive Chairman with the assistance of the Company Secretary and the Chief Financial Officer 
manages a risk register for the Group that identifies key risks in the areas of corporate strategy, financial, 
clients, staff, environmental and the investment community. The Governance Committee of the Board are 
provided with a copy of the register. The register is reviewed periodically and is updated as and when 
necessary. 

Within the scope of the annual audit, specific financial risks are also evaluated in detail, including in 
relation to foreign currency, interest rates, debt covenants, taxation and liquidity. 

The annual budget is reviewed and approved by the Board. Financial results, with comparisons to budget 
and latest forecasts are reported on a monthly basis to the Board together with a report on operational 
achievements, objectives and issues encountered. Significant variances from plan are discussed at Board 
meetings and actions set in place to address them. 

Approval levels for authorisation of expenditure are at set levels throughout the management structure 
with any expenditure in excess of pre-defined levels requiring approval from the Executive Chairman and 
the Chief Financial Officer. 

Measures continue to be taken to review and embed internal controls and risk management procedures 
into the business processes of the organisation and to deal with areas of improvement which come to the 
management’s and the Board’s attention. We expect the internal controls for the business to change as 
the business expands both geographically and in terms of product development. 

The Company’s auditors are encouraged to raise comments on internal control in their management letter 
following their audit, and the points raised and actions arising are monitored through to completion by the 
Audit Committee. 

Corporate Culture 
Corporate Responsibility 

The Board recognises its employment, environmental and health and safety responsibilities. It devotes 
appropriate resources towards monitoring and improving compliance with existing standards. There is a 
professional Human Resources Director.  Laura Hills is responsible at the Board level. The Human 
Resources Director reports directly to Ms. Hills. Laura Hills ensures that the Group’s policies are upheld 
and providing the necessary resources. All members of the Board have significant experience in matters 
of public policy. 

Employees 

The Board recognises that the Group’s employees are its most important asset. 

The Group is committed to achieving equal opportunities and to complying with relevant anti-
discrimination legislation. It is established Group policy to offer employees and job applicants the 
opportunity to benefit from fair employment, without regard to their sex, sexual orientation, marital status, 
race, religion or belief, age or disability. Employees are encouraged to train and develop their careers. 
The Group has an employee handbook that is provided to all employees upon starting their employment 
within the Group. 

The Group has continued its policy of informing all employees of matters of concern to them as 
employees, both in their immediate work situation and in the wider context of the Group’s well-being. 

Water Intelligence plc 
21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corporate Governance Statement 

In addition, all directors and senior employees are required to abide by the Group’s share dealing code, 
which was updated in 2016 to reflect changes made to legislation following the introduction of the Market 
Abuse Regulation. 

Audit Committee Annual Review 
The role of the Audit Committee is to monitor the quality of internal controls and check that the financial 
performance of the Group is properly assessed and reported on. It receives and reviews reports from the 
Chief Financial Officer, other members of management and external auditors relating to the interim and 
annual accounts and the accounting and internal control systems in use throughout the Group. The 
members of the Audit Committee are Dan Ewell (Chairman) and Michael Reisman.  

The Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer are invited to attend parts of meetings, with other 
senior financial managers required to attend when necessary. The external auditors attend meetings to 
discuss the planning and conclusions of their work and meet with the members of the Committee. The 
Committee is able to call for information from management and consults with the external auditors directly 
as required. 

The objectivity and independence of the external auditors is safeguarded by reviewing the auditors’ formal 
declarations, monitoring relationships between key audit staff and the Company and tracking the level of 
non-audit fees payable to the auditors. 

The Committee met twice during the year, to review the 2020 annual accounts and the interim accounts to 
30 June 2021. The Committee reviewed with the independent auditor its judgements as to the 
acceptability of the Company’s accounting principles. 

In particular, the Committee discussed the application of the new accounting standard, IFRS16. The 
Committee reviewed and discussed the auditor’s comments on improvements which could be made to the 
internal controls. In addition, the Committee monitors the auditor firm’s independence from Company 
management and the Company. 

Remuneration Committee Annual Review 
The Remuneration Committee convenes not less than once a year and during the year it met on two 
occasions. The Committee comprises Michael Reisman and Bobby Knell, with Michael Reisman as 
Chairman. The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing the performance of Executive 
Directors and determining the remuneration and basis of service agreement. The Remuneration 
Committee also determines the payment of any bonuses to Executive Directors and the grant of options. 
Where appropriate the Committee consults the Executive Chairman regarding its proposals. No Director 
plays a part in any discussion regarding his or her own remuneration. 

Relations with Shareholders 
The Company is available to hold meetings with its shareholders to discuss objectives and to keep them 
updated on the Company’s strategy, Board membership and management. 

The Board also welcome shareholders’ enquiries, which may be sent via the Company’s website 
www.waterintelligence.co.uk. 

Water Intelligence plc 
22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

Directors’ Responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Financial Statements in accordance 
with the Companies Act 2006 and for being satisfied that the Financial Statements give a true and fair 
view. The Directors are also responsible for preparing the Financial Statements in accordance with UK 
adopted International Accounting Standards. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Financial Statements for each financial period which give 
a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and the Group and of the profit or loss of the 
Company  and  the  Group  for  that  period.  In  preparing  those  Financial  Statements,  the  Directors  are 
required to: 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;  

•  make judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

• 

• 

state  whether  applicable  accounting  standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material 
departures disclosed and explained in the Financial Statements; and 

prepare the Financial Statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the Company and the Group will continue in business. 

The Directors confirm that they have complied with the above requirements in preparing the 
Financial Statements. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that 
are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions, disclose with reasonable accuracy 
at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group, and to enable them to ensure that 
the Financial Statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. 

They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  ensuring  the  Annual  Report  and  Financial  Statements  are  made 
available  on  a  website.  Financial  Statements  are  published  on 
the  Group's  website 
(www.waterintelligence.co.uk)  in  accordance  with  legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the 
preparation  and  dissemination  of  Financial  Statements,  which  may  vary  from  legislation  in  other 
jurisdictions. The maintenance and integrity of the Group's website is the responsibility of the Directors . 
The Directors' responsibility also extends to the ongoing integrity of the Financi al Statements contained 
there

Water Intelligence plc 
23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of Water Intelligence plc (the “Parent Company”) and its 
subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2021, which comprise: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the Group statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2021; 
the Group and parent company statements of financial position as at 31 December 2021; 
the Group and parent company statements of changes in equity for the year then ended; 
the Group and parent company statements of cash flows for the year then ended; and 
the notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the financial statements is 
applicable law and UK adopted International Accounting Standards and, as regards the parent company 
financial statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent 
Company's affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended; 
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted 
International Accounting Standards ;  
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK 
adopted International Accounting Standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of 
the Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial 
statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have 
fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit 
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director’s use of the going concern basis 
of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.  Our evaluation of the directors 
assessment of the group and the parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting included the following:  

• 

• 
• 

• 

review and challenge of management’s going concern assessment and assumptions used covering a 
minimum of 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements; 
tested mathematical accuracy of the model used by management in their assessment; 
discussed with management and evaluated their assessment of the group and the company’s liquidity 
requirement; and  
assessed the reasonableness of management’s budget/forecasts, including comparison to actual results 
achieved in the year and the evaluation of downside sensitivities. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events 
or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group and the parent 
company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the 
financial statements are authorised for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described on 
the relevant sections of this report. 

Water Intelligence plc 
24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Overview of our audit approach 
Materiality 

In planning and performing our audit we applied the concept of materiality. An item is considered 
material if it could reasonably be expected to change the economic decisions of a user of  the 
financial statements. We used the concept of materiality to both focus our testing and to evaluate the 
impact of misstatements identified. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined overall materiality for the Group financial 
statements as a whole to be $398,000 (2020: $321, 000) based on a measure of 7% of profit before 
taxation (excluding the one-off gain of $1,869,800 recognised in respect of the PPP loan forgiveness) 
using the financial information obtained during our planning procedures.  We use a different level of 
materiality (‘performance materiality’) to determine the extent of our testing for the audit of the financial 
statements.  Performance materiality was initially set at $298,500 based on the overall audit materiality 
and is adjusted for the judgements made as to the entity risk and our evaluation of the specific risk of 
each audit area having regard to the internal control environment.  

Where considered appropriate performance materiality may be reduced to a lower level, such as, for 
related party transactions and directors’ remuneration. 

We agreed with management to report all identified errors in excess of $19,900. Errors below that 
threshold would also be reported to it if, in our opinion as auditor, disclosure was required on qualitative 
grounds. 

The parent company materiality was assessed as $40,400 based on approximately 5% of profit before tax. 
Parent company performance materiality was $30,300 and triviality was $2,020. 

Overview of the scope of our audit 

The Group, parent company and UK subsidiaries are accounted for from a location in the UK, whilst its 
material US subsidiaries and Australian subsidiary are accounted for from the US. Our audit was 
conducted from the main operating location in the UK and component auditors were used to perform the 
audit work in the US.  We have planned, controlled and directed the group audit under our direction. Due 
to restrictions earlier in the year around travel, we have remotely reviewed the US work to carry out our 
review of component auditor working papers and have met with group and local management virtually. 

Key Audit Matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified. These matters included those 
which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate 
opinion on these matters. 

This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit. 

Key audit matter 

How the scope of our audit addressed the key 
audit matter 

Revenue recognition 

Revenue is recognised in accordance 
with  the  accounting  policy  set  out  in 
the financial statements in Note 3. The 
Group  has  a  number  of  different 
revenue  streams,  some  of  which 
contain  judgements,  particularly 
in 
recognising  when  the  performance 

Our audit procedures consisted of: 

•  Validating 

that 

revenue 

is 

recognised 

in 

accordance with the accounting policies. 

•  Evaluating 

that 

the  accounting  policies  are 
appropriate and in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standard 15 ‘Revenue from 

Water Intelligence plc 
25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

obligations  under  a  purchase  order 
is 
have  been  satisfied. 
determined  with  reference 
the 
underlying contract with the purchaser 
and the nature of the service provided. 

  This 
to 

Contract  with  Customers’  and  performed  audit 
procedures to provide evidence that revenue was 
accounted for in accordance with the policy. 

Testing a sample of revenue transaction across the 
operating companies of the Group to ensure through 
testing an appropriate sample of income from each 
revenue stream by agreeing amounts to contracted 
amounts, cash receipt and/or when the performance 
obligations arising from a purchase order have been 
satisfied.  

Assessing the appropriateness of the related 
disclosures in the financial statements.  

Impairment of intangible assets 

to 

The carrying value of intangible assets 
relates 
franchisor 
trademarks, 
activities, goodwill on acquisitions and 
owned  stores  goodwill  and  other 
indefinite life intangible assets.  There 
is a risk that the carrying value could 
be  impaired  as  a  result  of  reduced 
future 
  Any  significant 
activity. 
downturn  in  performance  or  activity 
could also result  in an  impairment  of 
these assets. 

We reviewed management’s assessment of the carrying 
value of the group’s intangible assets.  In considering this 
assessment, we evaluated: 

• The discounted cash-flow forecasts for the  group and 
the  relevant  cash  generating  units.    This  assessment 
included  consideration  of  the  key  assumptions,  which 
principally  included  discount  rate  and  growth  rates  as 
discussed in Note 13. 

• We  have  checked  the  arithmetic  accuracy  of  the 

forecast. 

• Budgets and other operational plans 
• Discussion with management over plans and intentions 

for the group. 

Our audit procedures in relation to these matters were designed in the context of our audit opinion as a 
whole. They were not designed to enable us to express an opinion on these matters individually and we 
express no such opinion. 

Other information 
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information 
included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our 
opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent 
otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information 
and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we 
identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine 
whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the 
other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this 
regard. 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit  

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable 
legal requirements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or 
the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us 
to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for 

• 

our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and 
returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of the directors for the financial statements 
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 18, the directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and parent 
company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the 
group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit is capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud   

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
irregularities,  including fraud. The extent to which  our procedures are capable of detecting  irregularities, 
including  fraud  is  detailed  below:  We  design  our  procedures  so  as  to  obtain  sufficient  appropriate  audit 
evidence that the financial statements are not materially misstated due to non-compliance with laws and 
regulations or due to fraud or error.  

We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks within which the company operates, 
including the US tax legislations focusing on those laws and regulations that have a direct  effect  on the 
determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The laws and regulations we 
considered in this context were the Companies Act 2006 and Taxation legislation. 

We are not responsible for preventing non-compliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance 
with all laws and regulations – this responsibility lies with management with the oversight of the Directors. 

Based on our understanding of the Group and the Company and industry, discussions with management 
and directors we identified financial reporting standards and Companies Act 2006 as having a direct effect 
on the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  

As part of the engagement team discussion about how and where the Company’s financial statements may 
be materially misstated due to fraud, we did not identify any areas with an increased risk of fraud. 

Water Intelligence plc 
27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

We identified the greatest risk of material impact on the financial statements from irregularities, including 
fraud, to be the override of controls by management and revenue recognition.  

Our audit procedures included: 

• 

completing a risk-assessment process during our planning for this audit that specifically considered 
the risk of fraud; 

•  enquiry of management about the Company’s policies, procedures and related controls regarding 
compliance with laws and regulations and if there are any known instances of non-compliance; 

review, where applicable, of the Board of Directors’ minutes; 

•  examining supporting documents for all material balances, transactions and disclosures; 
• 
•  enquiry of management, about litigations and claims and inspection of relevant correspondence 
•  analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships; 
• 

specific  audit  testing  on  and  review  of  areas  that  could  be  subject  to  management  override  of 
controls and potential bias, most notably around the key judgments and estimates, including the 
revenue recognition, the determination of cash generating units, the evaluation of whether there 
is any indication of any impairment in investments, intangibles, goodwill or receivables  ; 
considering  management  override  of  controls  outside  of  the  normal  operating  cycles  including 
testing the appropriateness of journal entries recorded in the general ledger and other adjustments 
made in the preparation of the financial statements including evaluating the business rationale  of 
significant transactions, outside the normal course of business; 

• 

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected 
some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and 
performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards.  We are not responsible for preventing non-
compliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all laws and regulations.  

These inherent limitations are particularly significant in the case of misstatement resulting from fraud as 
this may involve sophisticated schemes designed to avoid detection, including deliberate failure to record 
transactions, collusion or the provision of intentional misrepresentations. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the 
Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 
of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. 
To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the 
company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

John Glasby (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of  
Crowe U.K. LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
55 Ludgate Hill 
London 
EC4M 7JW 
8 June 2022 

Water Intelligence plc 
28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

for the year ended 31 December 2021   

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Administrative expenses 

– Other Income 
– Share-based payments 
– Amortisation of intangibles 
– Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses 

Operating profit 
PPP loan forgiveness 
Finance income 
Finance expense 

Profit before tax 

Taxation expense 

Profit for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Other Comprehensive Income 
Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign 
operations 
Fair value adjustment on listed equity investment (net of 
deferred tax) 

 Total comprehensive profit for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Notes 

4 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December    

2020 
$ 

54,543,408 

37,933,896 

(8,964,486) 

(8,830,250) 

45,578,922 

29,103,646 

7 
13 

23 
8 
9 

10 

69,484 
(442,708) 
(470,226) 
(38,131,195) 
) 
(38,974,645) 

93,066 
(233,584) 
(524,017) 
(23,879,139) 
) 
(24,543,674) 

6,604,277 
1,869,800 
51,092 
(969,130) 

4,559,972 
- 
88,753 
(445,351) 

7,556,039 

4,203,374 

(1,641,350) 

(1,273,319) 

5,914,689 

2,930,055 

5,764,952 
149,737 

5,914,689 

2,892,974 
37,081 

2,930,055 

(221,281) 

32,375 

(300,049) 

(236,900) 

5,393,359 

2,725,530 

5,243,622 
149,737 
5,393,359 

2,688,449  
37,081  
2,725,530  

Profit per share attributable to equity holders of Parent  

 Basic 
Diluted 

11 
11 

Cents 
36.1 
33.3 

Cents 
19.5 
18.8 

The results reflected above relate to continuing activities. 

The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
29 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2021 

Notes 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets 
Listed equity investment 
Other intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Trade and other receivables 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Shares held in treasury  
Merger reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Accumulated OCI 
Reverse acquisition reserve 
Equity investment reserve 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable to Non-Controlling 
interest 
Non-controlling Interest 

Non-current liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 
Deferred tax liability 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

13 
24 
13 
14 
17 

16 
17 
18 

21 
21 
21 

21 

23 
12 
20 

19 
23 
12 

2021 
$ 

2020 
$ 

37,268,469 
1,185,039 
3,818,037 
7,807,227 
429,219 
50,507,991 

677,218 
8,379,894 
23,802,352 
32,859,464 
83,367,455 

22,159,836 
1,564,254 
1,651,296 
5,172,221 
581,191 
31,128,798 

444,791 
6,049,067 
6,818,715 
13,312,573 
44,441,371 

142,260 
35,252,633 
(468,427) 
1,001,150 
1,092,993 
(1.095.492) 
(27,758,088) 
46,672 
43,552,575 
51,766,276 

116,212 
12,091,069 
(340,327) 
1,001,150 
650,286 
(874,212) 
(27,758,090) 
346,721 
37,787,624 
23,020,433 

612,528 

346,124 

8,176,893 
8,220,613 
1,576,872 
17,974,378 

6,839,981 
3,421,936 
957,170 
11,219,087 

4,194,031 
3,325,579 
5,494,663 
13,014,273 
83,367,455 

3,900,465 
3,713,323 
2,241,939 
9,855,727 
44,441,371 

The financial statements of Water Intelligence plc, company number 03923150, were approved by the 
Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 8 June 2022. They were signed on its behalf by:    

Patrick De Souza  
Executive Chairman 
The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
     
     
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 Company Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2021 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Investment in subsidiaries 
 Trade and other receivables 
 Listed equity investment 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Shares held in treasury  
Merger reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Accumulated OCI 
Equity investment reserve 
Retained earnings 

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred tax liability 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

Notes 

2021 
$ 

2020 
$ 

15 
                       17 
                       24 

7,411,852 
23,270,653 
1,185,039 

7,459,645 
4,019,000 
1,564,254 

31,867,544 

13,042,900 

17 
18 

4,781,282 
1,865,798 

3,053,543 
366,737 

6,647,080 

3,420,280 

38,514,624 

16,463,180 

21 
21 
21 

142,260 
35,252,633 
(468,427) 
1,001,150 
1,092,993 
(1,834,431) 
46,672 
3,154,925 
38,387,775 

116,212 
12,091,069 
(340,327) 
1,001,150 
650,286 
(1,586,208) 
346,721 
3,963,789 
16,242,692 

                       20                   (5,777) 
            (5,777) 

          77,943 
          77,943 

19 

132,626 

142,545 

132,626 
38,514,624 

142,545 
16,463,180 

The loss for the financial year in the financial statements of the parent Company was $808,865 (2020: 
loss $636,089), which related entirely to Plc costs. 

The financial statements of Water Intelligence plc, company number 03923150, were approved by 
the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 8 June 2022. They were signed on its behalf by:    

Patrick De Souza  
Executive Chairman  

The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Share 
Capital  
$ 

Share 
Premium 
$ 

Shares 
held in 
Treasury 
$ 

Merger 
Reserve 
$ 

Share based 
payment 
reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
$ 

Reverse 
Acquisition 
Reserve 
$ 

Equity 
Investment  
Reserve 
$ 

Retained 
(Losses)/ 
Earnings  
$ 

Non-
controlling 
interest 
$ 

Total 
$ 

Total 
Equity 
$ 

As at 1 January 2020 

114,440 

9,717,349 

(539,834) 

1,001,150 

416,700 

(907,344) 

(27,758,088) 

584,378 

34,894,649 

17,523,401 

100,793 

17,624,194 

- 

- 
-                    
--    

- 
-                    
-    
-                    
-    

- 

- 
-                    
--    

- 
-                    
-    
-                    
-    

Issue of Ordinary Shares 
Options exercised 

Share-based payment expense 

Share buyback 

Sale of treasury share 

Capital Contribution NCI 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

1,454 
318 

2,039,399 
24,447 

-                  
-    
- 

-    

- 

- 

309,874 

915,418 

(715,911) 

- 

- 
-                  
-    
-                  
-    

                   -    

                   -    

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

             -    

233,585 

                -    

                   -    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

2,040,853 
24,765 

                -    

233,585 

(715,911) 

1,225,292 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

2,040,853 
24,765 

233,585 

(715,911) 

1,225,292 

- 

208,250 

208,250 

                -    

               -    

                -    

                   -    

2,892,974 

2,892,974 

37,081 

2,930,055 

                    - 

               -    

33,132 

                  -    

(237,657) 

- 

(204,525) 

- 

(204,525) 

As at 31 December 2020 

116,212 

12,091,069 

(340,327) 

1,001,150 

650,285 

(874,211) 

(27,758,088) 

346,721 

37,787,623 

23,020,434 

346,124 

23,366,558 

As at 1 January 2021 

116,212 

12,091,069 

(340,327) 

1,001,150 

650,285 

(874,211) 

(27,758,088) 

346,721 

37,787,623 

23,020,434 

346,124 

23,366,558 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 
Options exercised 

Share-based payment expense 

Share buyback 

Sale of treasury share 

Capital Contribution NCI 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

21,291 
4,757 

22,185,641 
754,905 

-                  
-    
- 

-    

- 

- 

221,018 

338,451 

(466,551) 

- 

- 
-                  
-    
-                  
-    

                   -    

                   -    

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

             -    

442,708 

                -    

                   -    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

22,206,932 
759,662 

                -    

442,708 

(466,551) 

559,469 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

22,206,932 
759,662 

442,708 

(466,551) 

559,469 

- 

116,667 

116,667 

                -    

               -    

                -    

                   -    

5,764,952 

5,764,952 

149,737 

5,914,689 

                    - 

               -    

(221,281) 

                  -    

(300,049) 

- 

(521,330) 

- 

(521,330) 

As at 31 December 2021 

142,260 

35,252,633 

(468,427) 

1,001,150 

1,092,993 

(1,095,492) 

(27,758,088) 

46,672 

43,552,575 

51,766,276 

612,528 

52,378,804 

The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
32 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Share 
Capital  
$ 

Share 
Premium 
$ 

Cost of 
Shares held 
in Treasury 
$ 

Merger 
Reserve 
$ 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
$ 

Equity 
Investment 
Reserve 
$ 

Retained 
(Losses)/ 
Earnings  
$ 

Total Equity 
$ 

114,440 

9,717,349 

(539,834) 

1,001,150 

416,700 

(1,870,039) 

584,378 

4,599,878 

14,024,022 

1,454 

2,039,399 

318 

24,447 

- 
- 

- 

(715,911) 

- 

- 

309,874 

915,418 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

233,585 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,040,853 

24,765 

233,585 

(715,911) 

1,225,292 

(636,089) 

(636,089) 

283,832 

(237,657) 

- 

46,175 

116,212 

12,091,069 

(340,327) 

1,001,150 

650,285 

(1,586,207) 

346,721 

3,963,790 

16,242,692 

116,212 

12,091,069 

(340,327) 

1,001,150 

650,285 

(1,586,207) 

346,721 

3,963,790 

16,242,692 

21,291 

22,185,641 

4,757 

754,905 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-    

- 

221,018 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(466,551) 

338,451 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

442,708 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

22,206,932 

759,662 

442,708 

(466,551) 

559,469 

(808,865) 

(808,865) 

(248,224) 

(300,049) 

- 

(548,273) 

142,260 

35,252,633 

(468,427) 

1,001,150 

1,092,993 

(1,834,431) 

46,672 

3,154,925 

38,387,775 

As at 1 January 2020 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 

Options exercised 

Share-based payment expense 

Share buyback 

Sale of treasury shares 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

As at 31 December 2020 

As at 1 January 2021 

Issue of Ordinary Shares 

Options exercised 

Share-based payment expense 

Share buyback 

Sale of treasury shares 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

As at 31 December 2021 

 The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within owners’ equity:  

Share capital 

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value.  

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 

Shares held in treasury 

Amounts received for buyback of shares 

Merger reserve 

Non-distributable reserve arising on reverse acquisition. 

Share based payment reserve 

Amounts recognised for the fair value of share options granted in accordance with IFRS 2.  

Foreign exchange reserve 

Foreign exchange differences on re-translation. 

Retained profits/(losses) 

Cumulative net profits/(losses) recognised in the Financial Statements. 

The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements  

Water Intelligence plc 
33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Year ended     

31 December 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 

2021                  

Cash flows from operating activities  
Profit before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash/non-operating items: 
Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Share based payments 
PPP loan forgiveness 
Finance costs 
Finance income 

$ 

$              

7,556,039 

4,203,374 

2,475,069 
470,225 
442,708 
(1,869,800) 

1,568,034 
524,017 
233,584 
- 
         969,130             445,351 
(88,753) 

(51,092) 

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 

9,992,279 

6,885,607 

Increase in inventories 
Increase in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease) / Increase in trade and other payables 

Cash generated by operations 

Income taxes paid 

Net cash generated from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Reacquisition of franchises 
Finance income 

Net cash used in investing activities 

(232,427) 
(1,924,070) 
(684,618) 

(110,780) 
(988,875) 
1,683,009 

7,151,164 

7,468,962 

(1,021,648) 

(982,776) 

6,129,516 

6,486,186 

(517,707) 
(2,078,559) 
(979,782) 
(5,239,558) 
51,092 

(717,519) 
- 
(300,000) 
(9,229,647) 
88,753 

(8,764,514) 

(10,158,413) 

Cash flows from financing activities 
21,291 
Issue of ordinary share capital  
22,185,641 
Premium on issue of ordinary share capital 
Share buyback 
(466,551) 
Sale of treasury shares                                                                                           559,469 
714,950 
Options exercised 
(969,130) 
Finance costs 
3,200,000 
Proceeds from borrowings 
(1,827,765) 
Repayment of borrowings  
    (2,350,676) 
Repayment of notes 
(1,448,594) 
Repayment of lease liabilities 

8,128 
2,031,084 
(715,911) 
1,225,292 
25,083 
(445,351) 
6,153,836 
(848,421) 
(1,409,939) 
(813,667) 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

19,618,635 

5,210,134 

16,983,637 
6,818,715 
23,802,352 

1,537,907 
5,280,808 
6,818,715 

The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
34 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities  
Loss before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash/non-operating items: 
Share based payment expense 
Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 
Increase in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease)/Increase in trade and other payables 

Cash used by operations 

Income taxes paid 
Net cash used by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Issue of ordinary share capital 

Premium on issue of ordinary share capital 

Share buyback 

Sale of treasury shares 

Options exercised 

Year ended  
31 December 
2021 
$ 

Year ended  
31 December 
2020 
$ 

(808,865) 

(636,089) 

442,708 
(366,157) 
(20,934,141) 
(215,442) 

233,585 
(402,504) 
(2,066,470) 
66,286 

(21,515,740) 

(2,402,688) 

- 
(21,515,740) 

- 
(2,402,688) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

21,291 
22,185,641 

(466,551) 

559,469 

714,950 

8,128 
2,031,084 

(715,911) 

1,225,292 

25,083 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

23,014,800 

2,573,676 

Increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

1,499,061 

366,737 

1,865,798 

170,988 

195,749 

366,737 

The accompanying notes on pages 36 to 71 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

1 

General information 

The Group is a leading provider of minimally invasive, leak detection and remediation services for potable 
and non-potable water. The Group’s strategy is to be a “One-stop Shop” of water leak and repair solutions 
(services and products) for residential, commercial and municipal customers. 

The  Company  is  a  public  limited  company  limited  by  shares.  Domiciled  in  the  United  Kingdom  and 
incorporated under registered number 03923150 in England and Wales. The Company’s registered office 
is 27-28 Eastcastle Street, London W1W 8DH. 

The  Company  is  listed  on  AIM  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  These  Financial  Statements  were 
authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 9 June 2022. 

2 

Adoption of a new International Financial Reporting Standards 

The following new standards were mandatory for adoption for periods ending 31 December 2021; however, 
these standards do not affect the Group: 

Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2: Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 

- 
-  Covid-19 Related Rent Concessions (Amendment to IFRS 16) 

The Group has not early adopted any other standard, interpretation or amendment that has been issued 
but  is  not  yet  effective  and  they  are  not  expected  to  have  a  material  impact  on  the  Group  financial 
statements. 

3 

Significant accounting policies 

Basis of preparation 
These Financial Statements of the Group and Company are prepared on a going concern basis, under 
the  historical  cost  convention  and  in  accordance  with  UK  adopted  International  Accounting  Standards 
(IFRS). The  Parent  Company’s Financial  Statements  have  also  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK 
adopted International Accounting Standards as applied by the Companies Act 2006. 

The  preparation  of  Financial  Statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make 
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities, income and expenses. 

The  estimates  and  associated  assumptions  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  factors  that  are 
believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances,  the  res ults  of  which  form  the  basis  of  making 
judgements  about  carrying  values  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  readily  apparent  from  other 
sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Trade and other payables in 2020 have been restated to include the appropriate current and non-current 
splits of lease liabilities. 

The Financial Statements are presented in US Dollars ($), rounded to the nearest dollar.  

Going concern 
The Directors have prepared a business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to December  2023. The 
forecast  contains  certain  assumptions  about  the  level  of  future  sales  and  the  level  of  margins  achievable. 
These assumptions are the Directors’ best estimate of the future development of the business.  The Group 
generates  increasing  levels  of  cash  driven  by  its  profitable  and  growing  US-based  business,  ALD.    The 
Directors also note that the Group has diversified its operations further with growth in WII.   Moreover, after 
oversubscribed capital raises in July and  November  2021 and expansion  of  its  credit facilities in February 

Water Intelligence plc 
36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

2021  and  April  2022,  The  Directors  believe  that  funding  will  be  available  on  a  case-by-case  basis  for 
additional initiatives.   

Cash at 31 December 2021 increased to $23.8 million (2020: $6.8 million). At 31 December 2021, total 
debt (borrowings and deferred consideration from franchise acquisitions) was $22 million with amortisation 
of such amount spread through 2026.  Meanwhile, operating cash flows (EBITDA) in 2021 increased by 
45% to $10.0 million (2020: $6.9 million).  For 2022, the Directors are monitoring inflationary p ressures 
and  investments,  such  as  Salesforce.com  and  related  software  applications,  geared  to  offset  inflation 
through efficiencies.  

The Directors conclude that the Group will have adequate cash resources both to pursue its growth plan 
and  to  accelerate  execution  if  it  so  chooses.  The  Directors  are  satisfied  that  the  Group  has  adequate 
resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and accordingly, continue to adopt 
the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements 

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID -19)   
as  a  pandemic  which  continues  to spread  throughout  the  United  States  and  the  world  through variants.  
The  Company  is  monitoring  the  social  effects  produced  by  COVID-19,  the  related  business  and  travel 
restrictions and changes to public policy intended to reduce its spread. The Company assesses on an on- 
going basis, the impact of COVID-19 on its operations, financial positions, cash flows, customer payments, 
and the industry in general and especially its impact on its employees, customers, and stakeholders.  Whilst 
to  date  there  has  been  no  material  impact  on  operations  and  liquidity  of  the  Company,  at  the  time  of 
issuance, these circumstances may change in the foreseeable future. 

The Directors are satisfied that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence 
for  the  foreseeable  future  and  accordingly,  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  in  preparing  the 
financial statements. 

Basis of consolidation 
The Group financial statements consolidate the accounts of Water Intelligence plc and all of its subsidiary 
undertakings  made  up  to  31  December  2021.  The Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income 
includes the results of all subsidiary undertakings for the period from the date on which control passes. 
Control is achieved where the Group (or one of its subsidiary undertakings) obtains the power to govern 
the financial and operating policies of an investee entity so as to derive benefits from its activiti es. 

The purchase method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. 
The cost of an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued 
and  liabilities  incurred  or assumed  at  the  date  of  exchange.  Identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities 
and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at 
the  acquisition  date,  irrespective  of  the  extent  of  any  minority  interest.  The  excess  o f  the  cost  of 
acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as 
goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, 
the difference is recognised directly in the income statement. 

The acquisition of ALDHC in 2010 was accounted for as a reverse acquisition. The assets and liabilities 
revalued at their fair value on acquisition therefore related to the Company. Both a merger reserve and 
a  reverse  acquisition  reserve  were  created  to  enable  the  presentation  of  a  conso lidated  statement  of 
financial position which combines the equity structure of the legal parent with the reserves of the legal 
subsidiary. 

Inter-company transactions and balances and unrealised gains or losses on transactions between Group 
companies are eliminated in full. 

Parent Company income statement – UK head office only 
The Company has taken advantage of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 in not presenting its own 
Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income.  The  Company’s  loss  after  tax  for  the  year  ended  31  December 
2021 is $808,865 (2020: $636,089).  

Water Intelligence plc 
37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Inventories 
The inventories, consisting primarily of equipment, parts, and supplies, are recorded at the lower of cost 
(FIFO) or market value. 

Defined contribution pension scheme  
Water  Intelligence  International  provides  a  government  run  pension  scheme  under  UK  legislation. 
Employees have the opportunity to opt in or opt out. It is compulsory for companies to offer this to their 
employees. This was implemented on 1 November 2017. 

Taxation 
Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and  deferred tax charge for the year. 

Current tax 
The  tax  currently  payable  is  based  on  taxable  profit  for  the  year.  Taxable  profit  differs  from  profit  as 
reported  in  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  because  it  excludes  items  of  income  or  expense 
that  are  taxable  or  deductible  in  other  periods  and  it  further  excludes  items  that  are  never  taxable  or 
deductible.  The  Group’s  and  Company's  liability  for current  tax  is  calculated  using  tax  rates  that  have 
been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end. 

Deferred tax 
Deferred income taxes are provided in full, using the liability method, for all temporary differences arising 
between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Financial Statements. 
Deferred income taxes are determined using tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted 
and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the related deferred 
income tax liability is settled. 

The principal temporary differences arise from  depreciation or amortisation charged on assets and tax 
losses carried  forward.  Deferred  tax  assets relating  to  the carry  forward  of unused  tax  losses  and  are 
recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against  which the 
unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance 
sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to 
allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. 

Foreign currencies 

Functional and presentational currency 

(i) 
Items  included  in  the  Financial  Statements  are  measured  using  the  currency  of  the  primary  economic 
environment in which each entity operates  

Transactions and balances 
Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  the  functional  currency  using  the  exchange  rates 
prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the 
settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year end exchange rates of monetary assets 
and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income statement. 

(ii)  Group Companies 
The results and financial position of all the  Group entities that have a functional currency different from 
the presentational currency are translated into the presentational currency as fol lows: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at closing rate 
at the date of the statement; 

the income and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for period where there is no 
significant fluctuation in rates, otherwise a more precise rate at a transaction date is used; and  

all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. 

Leases   The Group recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.  The 
right of use lease is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted 
for any lease payments made at or before commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred and an 
Water Intelligence plc 
38 

 
 
  
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

estimate  of  costs  to  dismantle  and  remove  the  underlying  asset.    The  right-of-use  asset  is  subsequently 
depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful 
life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term.  
The  lease  liability  is  initially  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments  that  are  not  paid  at  the 
commencement date discounted using the Group incremental borrowing rate. 

Revenue recognition 

IFRS 15 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers) came into effect on 1 January 2018 replacing IAS 18 
Revenue  and  related  interpretations.  Under  IFRS  15,  revenue  is  recognized  when  a  customer  obtains 
control of a good or service and thus has the ability to direct the use and obtain the benefits from the good 
or service.  

Nature of the Business 
Water Intelligence plc operates through two wholly-owned subsidiaries: American Leak Detection (ALD) and 
Water  Intelligence  International  (WII).  Both  subsidiaries  provide  precision  water  leak  detection  and  repair 
services.  The services that are performed for various customers are discrete activities - locating a water leak 
or fixing a leak.  The services are not bundled.  Each service has a price established in a rate book. Depending 
on customer preference, a service technician may stop after locating the leak. The customer would pay a fee 
for that service.  Or following the  leak detection service, the technician may also provide repair services for 
separate fee depending on what is contracted for by the customer.  Service jobs are typically short in duration, 
usually 1-2 hours for a leak detection service.  ALD delivers these services through corporate locations and 
franchise locations across the United States and in Canada and Australia.  WII operates outside the United 
States, mainly in the UK, and delivers services only through corporate locations.   

Customers and Sources of Revenue 

Residential.  Both ALD and WII provide services to residential customers.  Service technicians, whether 
from  franchise-operated  locations  or  corporate-operated  locations,  provide  services  to  homeowners.  
When the service is delivered, the homeowner is invoiced immediately upon completion of the service. The 
price of the service is a fixed call-out charge for the technician to come to the house and an hourly charge 
based on the time it takes to find the leak. Revenue is recognized upon completion of the service.  

Business-to-Business.  ALD has written national contracts with  nationwide insurance companies.  The 
insurance company, as ALD’s customer, receives claims from homeowners or property management for 
water-related  damage.    The  insurance  company  contracts  directly  with  ALD  headquarters.  ALD 
headquarters, as the principal, takes liability risk for performance of the service jobs and for providing to 
insurance companies certain management services.  A national price book is established as part of the 
national contract.  After the leak detection service is performed, report f rom ALD headquarters is delivered 
to  the  insurance  company  and  the  insurance  company  is  also  invoiced  for  the  job.  Service  is  deemed 
complete upon delivery of the report and invoice. Revenue is recognized upon delivery of the report and 
invoice.  

Municipal.    WII  headquarters  or  ALD  headquarters  will  contract  with  a  municipality  to  provide  leak 
detection services.  Such leak detection services largely consist of surveying kilometers of pipe.  During 
such  surveys,  a  designated  distance  is  covered  each  day  with  a  daily  rate  per  technician  per  kilometer 
covered.    A  report  is  prepared  for  the  municipality  weekly.  When  the  report  is  delivered,  the  service  is 
deemed complete with respect to the distance covered.  The municipality will be billed for the week’s work  
when the report is conveyed.  Revenue is recognized upon the delivery of the report.   

Franchise Sales, Equipment and On-going Royalty Payments.  ALD is a franchisor and leak detection 
services  are  delivered  not  only  by  corporate-operated  locations  but  also  by  ALD’s  franchise  System.  
Franchisees are independently owned and operated.  

The  franchise  System  has  the  following  characteristics  for  revenue  recognition.  ALD  sells  franchises  to 
third  parties.    A  franchise  is  an  exclusive  territory  in  which  a  franchisee  is  authorized  to  deliver  ALD 

Water Intelligence plc 
39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

services, mainly leak detection and repair.  ALD headquarters provides training and advice to support the 
delivery of services by franchisees.  

The franchise sale is documented by means of a ten-year license agreement that is renewable for ten-year 
increments based on certain conditions derived from franchisee performance. The agreement has three 
main components.  First, the agreement provides for the payment of an upfront fee in exchange for the 
exclusive territory and training.  The upfront fee is non-refundable. ALD revenue is recognized with respect 
to most of the upfront fee at the Closing of the franchise sale. The remaining portion of the upfront fee is 
recognized as revenue over time using a straight-line method to reflect the delivery of franchisor services 
over  the  ten-year  period.  Second,  the  franchise  agreement  provides  that  the  franchisee  may  purchase 
proprietary equipment from ALD and more general equipment from ALD -approved third parties. There is a 
price book. ALD revenue is recognized upon the delivery of equipment to franchisees  and an invoice for 
the equipment. Third, in accordance with the franchise license agreement, each franchise pays a royalty 
fee to ALD each month based on a percentage of the franchisee’s gross sales for that month.  Each month, 
a franchise files a royalty report and pays the royalty amount. ALD revenue is recognized upon the receipt 
of the royalty report. 

In  respect  of  the  sale  of  franchise  territories,  the  Group  will  monitor   on  an  ongoing  basis  the  correct 
apportionment for each such sale between recognition of upfront fees and fees which are deferred over 
the length of the franchise agreement. This year such sales were not a material part of the Group’s revenue 
or income. 

 Financial instruments 
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position when 
the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.   

Loans and receivables 
Trade  receivables,  loans, and  other  receivables  held  with  the  objective  to  collect  the  contractual  cash 
flows are classified as subsequently measured at amortised cost. These are initially measured at fair value 
plus transaction costs. At each period end, there is an assessment of the expected credit loss in accordance 
with IFRS 9, with any increase or reduction in the credit loss provision charged or released to other selling 
and administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.  

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, and other short 
term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. 

Impairment of financial assets 

The Group recognises an allowance for expected credit losses (ECLs) for all debt instruments not held 
at fair value through profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows 
due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows  that the Group expects to receive, discounted 
at an approximation of the original effective interest rate. The expected cash flows will include cash flows 
from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual t erms. 

The  Group  always recognises  lifetime  ECLs  for  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets.  ECLs  on  these 
financial  assets  are  estimated  using  a  provision  matrix  based  on  the  Group’s  historical  credit  loss 
experience,  adjusted  for  factors  that  are  specific  to  the  debtors,  general  economic  conditions  and  an 
assessment of both the current as well as the forecast conditions at the reporting date, including time 
value of money where appropriate. 

For all other financial instruments, the Group recognises lifetime ECL when there has been a significant 
increase in credit risk since initial recognition. Howev er, if the credit risk on the financial instrument has 
not  increased  significantly  since  initial  recognition,  the  Group  measures  the  loss  allowance  for  that 
financial instrument at an amount equal to 12‑month ECL. 

Water Intelligence plc 
40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Financial liabilities  
Financial liabilities, including borrowings, are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs and 
are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.  

Equity instruments 
An equity instrument is any instrument with a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting 
all  of  its  liabilities.  Equity  instruments  (ordinary  shares)  are  recorded  at  the  proceeds  received,  net  of 
direct issue costs. 

Derecognition of financial liabilities 
The Group derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Group’s obligations are discharged, 
cancelled or they expire. 

Property, plant and equipment 
All property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as 
follows: 

Equipment and displays: 
Motor vehicles: 
Leasehold improvements: 

5 to 7 years 
5 years 
7 years or lease term, whichever is shorter 

The  asset’s  residual  values  and  economic  lives  are  reviewed,  and  adjusted  if  appropriate,  at  each 
reporting date. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the 
asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated  recoverable amount. Assets that are no longer of 
economic use to the business are retired. 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and 
are recognised within other (losses) or gains in the income state ment. 

Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration over the fair values of the identifiable 
net assets acquired. 

Goodwill arising on acquisitions is not subject to amortisation but is subject to annual impairment testing. 
Any impairment is recognised immediately in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and 
not subsequently reversed. 

Other intangible assets 
Intangible assets are recorded as separately identifiable assets and recognised at historical cost  less any 
accumulated  amortisation.  These  assets  are  amortised  over  their  definite  useful  economic  lives  on  the 
straight-line method. 

Amortisation  is  computed using  the  straight-line  method  over the  estimated  definite  useful  lives  of  the 
assets as follows: 

Covenants not to compete 
Customer lists 
Salesforce 
Trademarks 
Patents 
Product development 

Years 

1-6 
5 
5 
20 
10 
4 

Any amortisation is included within administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.  

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, 
either  individually  or  at  the  cash-generating  unit  level.  The  assessment  of  indefinite  life  is  reviewed 

Water Intelligence plc 
41 

 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful 
life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis. 

The asset’s residual values and economic lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance 
sheet  date.  An  asset’s  carrying  amount  is  written  down  immediately  to  its  recoverable  amount  if  the 
asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.  

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and 
are recognised within other (losses) or gains in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.  

Research and development 
Research  expenditure  is  recognised  as  an  expense  when  incurred.  Costs  incurred  on  development 
projects (relating  to the  design  and  testing  of  new or  improved  products)  are  recognised  as  intangible 
assets when the following criteria are fulfilled. 

• 

It is technically feasible to complete the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or resale;  

•  Management intends to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

There is an ability to use or sell the intangible; 

It can be demonstrated how the intangible asset will generate possible future economic benefits;  

Adequate technical, financial and other resource to complete the development and to use or sell the 
intangible asset are available; and 

The expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development can be reliably measured.  

Other  development  expenditures  that  do  not  meet  these  criteria  are  recognised  as  an   expense  in  the 
period incurred. Development costs previously recognised as an expense are not recognised as an asset 
in  a  subsequent  period.  Capitalised  development  costs  are  recorded  as  intangible  assets  and  are 
amortised from the point at which they are ready for use on a straight-line basis over the asset’s estimated 
useful life. 

Segment reporting 
A business segment is a group of assets and operations engaged in providing products or services that is 
subject to risks and returns that are different from those of other business segments.   

Impairment reviews 
Assets  that  are  subject  to  amortisation  and  depreciation  are  r eviewed  for  impairment  when  events  or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. Assets that are 
not subject to amortisation and depreciation are reviewed on an annual basis at each year end and, if there 
is  any  indication  that  an  asset  may  be  impaired,  its  recoverable  amount  is  estimated.  The  recoverable 
amount is the higher of its net selling price and its value in use. Any impairment loss arising from the review 
is charged to the Statement of Comprehensive Income whenever the carrying amount of the asset exceeds 
its recoverable amount. 

Share based payments 
The Group has made share-based payments to certain Directors and employees and to certain advisers by 
way of issue of share options. The fair value of these payments is calculated either using the Black Scholes 
option pricing model or by reference to the fair value of any fees or remuneration settled by way of granting of 
options. The expense is recognised on a straight-line basis over the period from the date of award to the date 
of vesting, based on the best estimate of the number of shares that will eventually vest. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The  preparation  of  Financial  Statements  in  conformity  with  UK  adopted  International  Accounting 
Standards.requires the use of judgements together with accounting estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the 
reporting period. Although these judgements and estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of 
current events and actions, the resulting accounting treatment estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the 
related actual results.  

Water Intelligence plc 
42 

 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The key judgements in respect of the preparation of the financial statements are in respect of the accounting 
for  acquisitions,  determination  of  separately  identifiable  assets  on  acquisition,  the  determination  of  cash 
generating units, the evaluation of segmental information, the evaluation of whether there is any indication 
of  any  impairment  in  investments,  intangibles,  goodwill  or  receivables  and  whether  deferred  tax  assets 
should be recognized for tax losses. 

The estimates and assumptions that have a risk of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities within the next financial year are the fair value of assets arising on acquisition (see note 
12), carrying value of the goodwill, the carrying value of the other intangibles  (see note 13) and the carrying 
value of the investments. Please see relevant notes for these areas. 

4 

Segmental Information 

In the opinion of the Directors, the operations of the Group currently comprise five operating segments, being 
(i) Franchise royalty income, (ii) Franchise-related activities (including product and equipment sales, business-
to-business sales and sales of franchises), (iii) US corporate operated locations, (iv) International corporate 
operated locations and (v) Head office costs.  Information reported to the Group’s Chief Operating Decision 
Maker  (being  the  Executive  Chairman),  for  the  purpose  of  resource  allocation  and  assessment  of  division 
performance is now separated into the four income generating segments (items (i) to (iv)), and items that do 
not fall into these segments have been categorized as unallocated head office costs (v). 

The  Group  mainly  operates  in  the  US,  with  operations  in  the  UK  and  certain  other  countries   especially 
Canada  and  Australia.  No  single  customer  accounts  for  more  than  10%  of  the  Group's  total  external 
revenue. 

The following is an analysis of the Group’s revenues and  profits from operations and assets by business 
segment. 

Revenue 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Profit/(Loss) before tax 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 
Unallocated head office costs  
PPP loan forgiveness 
Non-core costs 
Total 

Water Intelligence plc 
43 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2021 

$ 

6,803,489 
9,769,657 
31,861,087 
6,109,175 

54,543,408 

2020 

$ 

6,691,433 
9,513,209 
17,434,216 
4,295,037 

37,933,895 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2021 

$ 

1,808,730 
805,171 
6,007,153 
315,740 
(2,927,132) 
1,869,800 
(323,423) 
7,556,039 

2020 

$ 

1,771,302 
682,958 
3,795,753 
311,783 
(2,257,323) 
- 
(101,099) 
4,203,374 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2021 

$ 

27,869,663 
2,452,933 
43,050,953 
9,993,906 

83,367,455 

2020 

$ 

10,571,497 
2,006,569 
24,932,417 
6,930,887 

44,441,371 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2021 

$ 

466,216 
4,009 
470,225 

2020 

$ 

496,315 
27,702 
524,017 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 

$ 

- 
- 
2,009,350 
465,719 

2,475,069 

$ 

- 
- 
1,288,989 
279,045 

1,568,034 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$ 

484,047 
13,719 
471,363 
969,129 

78,031 
8,769 
358,553 
445,353 

Assets 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Amortisation 

US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 
Total 

Depreciation 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations                                                  
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Finance Expense 

US corporate operated locations 
International corporate activities 
Unallocated head office costs 
Total 

Water Intelligence plc 
44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
                                                                                                
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Geographic Information 

As noted herein, the Group has two wholly-owned subsidiaries – ALD and WII.  ALD has US 
franchise-operated and corporate-operated locations and international franchises in Australia and 
Canada. Meanwhile, WII has corporate-operated activities outside the US.  We may also regroup the 
same information into US and Outside the US to capture the Group’s effort to be multinational 
company.  As indicated herein, the Group has had strong balanced growth in the US and abroad and 
across ALD and WII.  For 2021, outside the US sales have grown 41% to $6.2 million (2020: $4.4 
million). Sales in the US have grown 44% to $48.3 million (2020: $33.5 million). The percentage of 
International sales to total sales has remained constant at 11% (2020: 11%). 

Total Revenue 

Year ended 31 December 2021 

Year ended 31 December 2020 

US 
$ 

International 
$ 

Total 
$ 

US 
$ 

International 
$ 

Total 
$ 

6,698,729 

104,760 

6,803,489 

6,572,162 

119,271 

6,691,433 

9,769,657 

- 

9,769,657 

9,513,209 

- 

9,513,209 

31,861,087 

-  31,861,087  17,434,216 

-  17,434,216 

- 

6,109,175 

6,109,175 

- 

4,295,037 

4,295,038 

48,329,473 

6,213,935  54,543,408  33,519,587 

4,414,308  37,933,895 

Franchise royalty 
income 
Franchise related 
activities 
US Corporate 
owned Stores 
International 
corporate activities 
Total 

5 

Expenses by nature 

The Group’s operating profit has been arrived at after charging: 

Raw materials and consumables used 
Employee costs 

Depreciation charge 

Amortisation charge 

Marketing costs 

R&D 

Foreign exchange (gain)/loss 

Note 

6 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$ 
1,954,849 
24,226,020 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$ 
752,670 
14,444,268 

2,475,069 

1,568,034 

470,225 

293,036 

- 

1,624 

524,017 

290,049 

(3,034) 

(77,027) 

Water Intelligence plc 
45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Auditors remuneration 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for audit of 
Parent Company and Consolidated Financial 
Statements 
Fees payables to the Company’s auditor for other 
services (assurance related services) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$ 

54,000 

52,000  

- 

- 

The Group auditors are not the auditors of the US subsidiary companies. The fees paid to the auditor of 
the US subsidiary companies were $158,614 (2020: $142,336) for the audit of these companies and 
$38,899 (2020: $28,204) for other services.   

6 

Employees and Directors 

The Employees and Directors of the Company contribute to the execution and management of the 
business. 

Short-Term employee benefits 
Directors fees, salaries and benefits 
Employee wages and salaries 
Employer payroll taxes 
Long-Term employee benefits 
Share based payments 

Information regarding Directors’ emoluments are as follows: 

Short-Term employee benefits 

Directors’ fees, salaries and benefits 

Employer payroll taxes 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 

874,381 
21,313,711 
1,595,220 

774,465 
12,672,270 
763,948 

442,708 

233,584 

24,226,020 

14,444,268 

  Year ended 
 31 December 
2021 
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020  
$ 

874,381 

22,079 

896,460 

774,465 

20,331 

794,796 

The highest paid Director (Executive) received emoluments of $654,385 (2020: $606,515). 

Water Intelligence plc 
46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The average number of employees (including Directors) in the Group during the year  was: 

Directors (executive and non-executive) 
Management 
Field Services 
Franchise Support 
Administration 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 

5 
48 
223 
20 
83 

379 

5 
26 
150 
20 
46 

247 

7 

Share options 

The  Company  grants  share  options  at  its  discretion  to  Directors,  management  and  advisors.  These  are 
accounted for as equity settled options. Should the options remain unexercised after a period of ten years 
from  the  date  of  grant  the  options  will  expire  unless  an  extension  is  agreed  to  by  the  Board.  Options  are 
exercisable at a price equal to the Company’s quoted market price on the date of grant or an exercise price 
to be determined by the Board. 

Details for the share options and warrants granted, exercised, lapsed and outstanding at the year-end are as 
follows: 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted during the year 
Forfeited/lapsed during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Outstanding at end of the year 

Exercisable at end of the year 

Number of 
share 
options 
2021 
1,907,500 
555,500 
- 
(225,000) 
2,238,000 

682,500 

Weighted 
Number  
average 
of share  
exercise 
options 
price ($) 
2020 
2021 
3.92  1,450,000 
10.66 
525,000 
- 
- 
(67,500) 
2.54 
5.74  1,907,500 

1.58 

697,500 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price ($) 
2020 
3.01 
5.63 
- 
1.23 
3.92 

1.15 

Fair value of share options 
During the year, the Group granted 555,500 Share Options to certain Employees, with exercise prices 
ranging from of £4.56 to £8.35 ($6.24 to $12.56). 

The fair value of options granted during the prior year has been calculated using the Black Scholes  model 
which has given rise to fair values per share ranging from $1.93 to $4.11. This is based on risk-free rates of 
0.35% to 0.78% and volatility of 34.8% to 40.7%.  

The Black Scholes calculations for the options granted during the year resulted in a charge of $442,708 (2020: 
$233,584) which has been expensed in the year. 

The weighted average remaining contractual life of the share options as at 31 December 2021 was 7.10 
years (2020: 7.12 years). 

Water Intelligence plc 
47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Options arrangements that exist over the Company’s shares at year end and at the time of the report are 
detailed below: 

Grant 
ALDHC Plan  
2013 Directors  
2015 Options  
2016 Directors  
2016 Employee  
2016 Employee  
2018 Acquisition 
2018 Acquisition  
2019 Employee  
2019 Acquisition  
2020 Employee (1) 
2020 Acquisition (2) 
2021 Acquisition (3) 
2021 Directors (4) 
2021 Acquisition (5) 
2021 Acquisition (6) 
Total 

At report 
date 
67,500 
100,000 
122,500 
100,000 
25,000 
132,500 
135,000 
- 
425,000 
50,000 
500,000 
25,000 
45,500 
300,000 
100,000 
      75,000 
2,203,000 

2021 
67,500 
100,000 
122,500 
100,000 
25,000 
132,500 
135,000 
- 
425,000 
50,000 
500,000 
25,000 
45,500 
300,000 
100,000 
110,000 
2,238,000 

Exercise period 
To 

2020 

From 

Exercis
e price 

Date of 
Grant 
01/12/2023 
$1.14  01/12/2013 
142,500  01/12/2013 
01/08/2023 
$1.30  01/08/2013 
100,000  01/08/2013 
08/06/2025 
$0.67  08/06/2015 
177,500  08/06/2015 
13/06/2026 
$1.26  13/06/2016 
100,000  13/06/2016 
19/12/2026 
$1.24  19/12/2019 
45,000  19/12/2016 
$1.56  19/12/2019 
19/12/2026 
132,500  19/12/2016 
135,000  06/03/2018 
$3.15  06/03/2021     06/03/2028 
25,000  08/10/2018 
$4.52  08/10/2021     08/10/2028 
475,000  04/04/2019 
04/04/2029 
$6.24  04/04/2023 
50,000  04/04/2019 
04/04/2029 
$4.59  04/04/2023 
500,000  31/07/2020 
31/07/2030 
$5.60  31/07/2023 
25,000  30/09/2020 
30/09/2030 
$6.20  30/09/2024 
  01/01/2021 
01/01/2031 
$6.80  01/01/2025 
15/03/2031 
  15/03/2021  $10.40  15/03/2024 
  20/04/2021  $11.38  20/04/2025 
20/04/2031 
  01/07/2021  $12.56  01/07/2025 
01/07/2031 

1,907,500 

All share options are equity settled on exercise. The amounts at the Report Date reflect all share options 
that have been either exercised or forfeited. 

(1)  On  31  July  2020,  certain  employees  were  granted  options  to  purchase  500,000  New  Ordinary  Shares  at  a  price  of  $5.60.  

These options have a four-year vesting requirement. 

(2)  On  30  September  2020,  certain  vendors,  retained  as  employees,  were  granted  options  to  purchase  25,000  New  Ordinary 
Shares at a price of $6.20 pursuant to the acquisition of franchises acquired in 2020.  These options have a four-year vesting 
requirement. 

(3)  On 01 January 2021, certain vendors, retained as employees, were granted options to purchase 45,500 New Ordinary Shares 
at  a  price  of  $6.80  pursuant  to  the  acquisition  of  franchises  acquired  in  2020.    These  options  have  a  four-year  vesting 
requirement. 

(4)  On 15 March 2021, Dan Ewell, a newly appointed Director, received an option to purchase 200,000 New Ordinary Shares. All 
other members of the Board received an option to purchase 25,000 New Ordinary Shares. These options have an exercise 
price  of  $10.40  per  share,  being  a  18%  premium  to  the  prevailing  share  price.  These  Options  have  a  four-year  vesting 
requirement. 

(5)  On 20 April 2021, certain vendors, retained as employees, were granted options to purchase  100,000 New Ordinary Shares 
at a price of $11.38 pursuant to the acquisition of certain IP Assets.  These options have a four-year vesting requirement. 
(6)  On 1 July 2021, certain vendors, retained as employees, were granted options to purchase  110,000 New Ordinary Shares at 
a  price  of  $12.56  pursuant  to  the  acquisition  of  franchises  acquired  in  2021.    These  options  have  a  four -year  vesting 
requirement. 

Patrick DeSouza received (i) 180,000 Partly Paid Shares at an exercise price of $1.07 during 2016, (ii) 750,000 Partly Paid Shares 
at an exercise price of $2.71 in March 2018, (iii) 850,000 Partly Paid Shares at an exercise price of $4.82, in May 2019 and (iv) 
300,000 Partly Paid Shares at an exercise price of $6.13 in October 2020  in connection with capital raising and bank financings.   
These Partly Paid Shares carry voting rights but will not be admitted to trading or carry any economic rights until  fully paid. 

Water Intelligence plc 
48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

8 

Finance income 

Interest income 

9 

Finance expense  

Interest expense 

10 

Taxation 

Group 

Current tax: 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
51,092 

$ 
88,753 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021  
$ 
969,130 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020 
$ 
445,351 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 

$ 

Current tax on profits in the year 

1,084,022 

836,682 

Prior year over provision 

Total current tax 

Deferred tax current year 

Deferred tax prior year 

Deferred tax (credit)/expense (note 20) 

Income tax expense 

- 

1,084,022 

557,329 

- 

557,329 

1,641,350 

- 

836,681 

436,637 

- 

436,637 

1,273,319 

The  tax  on  the  Group's  loss  before  tax  differs  from  the  theoretical  amount  that  would  arise  using  the 
weighted average tax rate applicable to profits of the consolidated entities as follows:  

Profit before tax on ordinary activities 
Tax calculated at domestic rate applicable profits in 
respective countries 
(2021: 23.6% versus 2020: 31.7%) 
Tax effects of: 
Non-deductible expenses 
GILTI Inclusion 
PPP loan forgiveness 
Other tax adjustments, reliefs and transfers 
State taxes net of federal benefit 
Adjustment in respect of prior year 

Changes in rates 

7,556,039 

4,203,374 

1,457,165 

882,709 

136,081 
47,262 
(392,688) 
136,062 
263,377 
2,794 
(8,703) 

65,445 
15,202 
- 
95,620 
190,419 
17,262 
6,662 

Taxation expense recognized in income statement 

1,641,350 

1,273,319 

Water Intelligence plc 
49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The  Group  is  subject  to  income  taxes  in  multiple  jurisdictions.  Significant  judgment  is  required  in 
determining the worldwide provision for income taxes.  There are many transactions and calculations for 
which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Group recognises liabilities for anticipated tax audit 
issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due.  

As also set forth, in Note 20, at the balance sheet date, the Group’s UK trading operations had unused tax 
losses of £3,739,716 (2020: £5,898,312) available for offset against future profits. £934,929 (2020: 
£1,002,713) represents unrecognized deferred tax assets thereon at 25%. The deferred tax asset has not 
been recognized due to uncertainty over timing of utilization.  

The effective rate for tax for 2021 is 23.6% (2020: 31.7%). It is anticipated that the Group will use the 
effective tax rate of 29.3% (no PPP tax benefit in the future) going forward. 

11 

Earnings per share 

The profit per share has been calculated using the profit for the year and the weighted average number 
of ordinary shares outstanding during the year, as follows: 

Basic 

Profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the Parent ($) 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
Diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares 

Profit per share (cents) 
Diluted profit per share (cents) 

Adjusting for the PPP loan forgiveness has the following effect: 

Profit per share (cents) 
Adjusted Profit per share (cents) 

Diluted profit per share (cents) 
Adjusted Diluted profit per share (cents) 

12 

Acquisitions 

These can be summarised as follows: 

Year ended  
31 December 
2021  
$ 
5,764,952 
15,972,588 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
$ 
2,892,974 
14,832,294 

17,286,616 
36.1 
33.3 

15,427,122 
19.5 
18.8 

(11.7) 
24.4 

(10.8) 
22.5 

- 
19.5 

- 
18.8 

On 30 March 2021, the Group completed the reacquisition of its Central Florida (Clermont) franchise territory 
within the Group’s ALD franchise business.  Strategically, the Central Florida reacquisition will enable ALD to 
link  operations  along  the  eastern  part  of  Florida  from  its  Central  Florida  location  to  fast-growing  corporate 
operations in Orlando, to the east, and sizeable Melbourne and Miami operations, to the south. Demand is high 
for ALD water leak detection and repair offerings in this geography because of various factors ranging from the 
number of swimming pools to level of disposable income to rainy weather. The purchase price of $0.66 million 
is based on 2020 full-year results of approximately $0.66 million in sales and $0.15 million in adjusted profits.  

On 23 April 2021, the Group announced the acquisition of intellectual property assets (“IP”) from FastDitch, 
Inc., a US corporation (“FastDitch”). The IP Assets will be used to launch a new subsidiary of the Group’s core 
American Leak Detection business (“ALD”) dedicated to providing water infrastructure solutions. The subsidiary 
will operate under the tradename Intelliditch. The purchase price for the IP reflects a 75% equity stake for the 
Group in the new Intelliditch subsidiary in exchange for options for 100,000 shares in Water Intelligence at an 
exercise price of 822.5 pence and a 25% equity stake in IntelliDitch for the former owners of FastDitch. , 

Water Intelligence plc 
50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

On 2 June 2021, the Group announced the reacquisition of its Reno, Nevada franchise territory within its ALD 
franchise business. The acquisition strengthens corporate presence in the western part of the United States 
and links its ALD innovation centers in Silicon Valley and Seattle. The purchase price of $0.25 million is based 
on $0.25 million of sales during 2020.    

On 2 June 2021, the Group announced the acquisition of PlumbRight Services, Inc.  PlumbRight extends the 
plumbing services capabilities of the Group’s fast-growing, multimillion dollar Louisville, Kentucky location. The 
PlumbRight  team  will  enable  the  Louisville  office  to  take  on  larger  scale  repair  jobs  as  follow-through  sales 
beyond  current  pinpoint  leak  detection  solutions  for  its  existing  business  and  municipal  customers.  The 
purchase price of $0.7 million is based on 2020 sales of approximately $1 million.    

On 5 July 2021, the Group announced the reacquisition of its Northeast Florida (Jacksonville/Daytona) franchise 
territory within its ALD franchise business.  Strategically, this reacquisition follows the Central Florida location 
reacquisition.  The two reacquisitions enable ALD to link corporate operations along the eastern part of Florida 
from Jacksonville in the northeast to fast-growing corporate operations in Orlando and sizeable Melbourne and 
Miami operations, to the south. This operational scale should contribute to both growth and efficiencies.  The 
purchase price of $2.75 million is based on 2020 full-year results of approximately $2 million in sales and $0.5 
million in adjusted profits. 

On 8 July 2021, the Group announced the reacquisition of its Las Vegas and Phoenix franchise territories within 
its  ALD  franchise  business.    Demand  in  Las  Vegas  and  Phoenix  is  especially  strong  for  ALD  water  leak 
detection and repair services, due to a variety of factors such as heat, drought, the number of swimming pools 
and higher income levels. Strategically, these reacquisitions follow the May reacquisition of its Reno, Nevada 
franchise and the Group’s prior reacquisition of its franchise in Tucson, Arizona. It enables ALD to link existing 
corporate operations – Las Vegas with Reno and Phoenix with Tucson.  The combined purchase price of $10.3 
million will be paid over four years and  is based on combined 2020 full-year results of approximately $5.75 
million in sales and $1.6 million in adjusted profits.   

On  1  November  2021,  the  Group  announced  the  acquisition  of  Wat-er-save  Services  Limited  (“WS”),  a  UK 
provider  of  leak  detection,  repair  and  water  infrastructure  services  to  UK  commercial  customers  including 
universities  and  leisure  resorts.  The  acquisition  was  led  by  the  Group’s  UK-based  Water  Intelligence 
International (“WII”).  Strategically, this acquisition provides the Group with a more substantial sales footprint in 
the UK.  Financially, despite Covid-related restrictions, WS executed approximately £0.95 million of sales and 
£0.25 million of profit before tax for the year-ended 30 June 2021.The purchase price is £0.7 million. 

On 1 December 2021, the Group announced the reacquisition of its South Oregon franchise territory within its 
ALD franchise business.  Today’s acquisition accelerates the Group’s strong growth trajectory by adding scale 
to its regional  hub of corporate operations in the northwest United  States; a territory where green economy 
solutions are in high demand.  The purchase price of $1.38 million in cash will be paid over the next twelve 
months and is based on a pro forma revenue of $1.15 million and $0.25 million in profit before tax for full year 
2021. 

Water Intelligence plc 
51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Sub. Aqu. 
Intelliditch 

Sub. Aqu. 
Wat-er-
save 

Clermont 

Reno 

Las Vegas 
and 
Phoenix 

Daytona 

Medford 

PlumbRight 

Adjust-
ments 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

11,199 

34,077 

41,553 

539,854 

26,250 

54,868 

30,000 

133,100 

108,734 

60,000 

447,000 

490,628 

120,000 

40,595 

163,455 

104,434 

90,000 

84,957 

30,000 

- 

(13,001) 

(560,250) 

- 

(35,000) 

74,305 

90,231 

70,000 

- 

626,684 

111,118 

288,833 

497,378 

235,029 

243,412 

234,536 

Totals 

$ 

895,904 

967,929 

441,553 

48,269 

2,353,655 

6,741,835 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,502,277 

330,000 

21,000 

3,000,000 

900,000 

41,553 

330,000 

267,833 

7,150,842 

1,850,000 

116,667 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

688,559 

688,559 

- 

300,000 

375,000 

(100,000) 

10,603,787 

- 

- 

116,667 

116,667 

1,543,830 

660,000 

288,833 

10,150,842 

2,750,000 

1,377,117 

675,000 

(100,000) 

17,462,288 

- 

917,146 

548,882 

- 

9,653,464 

2,514,971 

1,133,705 

440,464 

(100,000) 

15,108,633 

2021 Acquisitions 

Fair value of assets and 
liabilities acquired 

Equipment 
Vehicles 

Non-compete 

Liabilities / Other 

Net assets acquired 

Consideration 

Cash 

Note payable 

Non-controlling interest  
Total consideration 

Intangible assets arising on 
acquisition (see note 13) 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

116,667 

116,667 

- 

- 

The intangible assets arising on the above acquisitions of $ 15,108,633 is included in additions to goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets for owned & operated 
stores (see note 13).   

Following acquisitions all Franchises are classed as one cash generating unit therefore cannot separately disclose revenue an d profit for each individual franchise. 

Water Intelligence plc 
52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

2020 Acquisitions 

Fair value of assets and 
liabilities acquired 

Equipment 
Vehicles 
Other 

Net assets acquired 

Consideration 

Cash 

Note payable  
Total consideration 

Intangible assets arising on 
acquisition (see note 13) 

Sub. Aqu. 

Denver  Minneapolis  San Jose  Maryland 

Seattle 

Melbourne 
Florida 

Baton 
Rouge 

Melbourne 
Australia 

Brisbane 
Australia 

Adjust-
ments 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

32,430 

- 

- 

73,720 

40,922 

- 

69,397 

- 

- 

50,410 

75,000 

60,000 

32,430 

114,642 

69,397 

185,410 

182,950 

187,906 

60,000 

430,856 

52,750 

40,500 

108,750 

115,800 

60,000 

30,000 

48,644 

80,086 

7,164 

69,364 

92,875 

7,036 

221,500 

186,300 

135,894 

169,276 

Totals 

$ 

620,164 

701,340 

224,200 

1,545,704 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

300,000 

327,670 

380,000 

1,350,000 

4,000,000 

800,000 

700,000 

1,270,177 

351,800 

50,000 

9,529,647 

- 

983,012 

667,000 

- 

1,500,000 

750,000 

1,150,000 

- 

35,180 

- 

5,085,192 

300,000 

1,310,682 

1,047,000 

1,350,000 

5,500,000 

1,550,000 

1,850,000 

1,270,177 

386,980 

50,000 

14,614,839 

267,570 

1,196,040 

977,603 

1,164,590 

5,069,144 

1,328,500 

1,663,700 

1,134,283 

217,704 

50,000 

13,069,135 

Water Intelligence plc 
53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The amount of deferred consideration for 2021 acquisitions as well as the remaining deferred 
consideration for acquisitions made in 2018, 2019 and 2020 (after discounting anticipated cash flows to 
evaluate the fair value), can be summarized as follows:  

Current 

South Florida 
Tucson 
Minneapolis 
San Jose 
Seattle 
Melbourne, Florida 
Baton Rouge 
Brisbane, Australia 
Clermont 
Las Vegas and Phoenix 
Daytona 
Medford 
PlumbRight 

 Total current deferred consideration 

Non-Current 

South Florida 
Tucson 
Minneapolis 
San Jose 
Seattle 
Melbourne, Florida 
Baton Rouge 
Reno 
Las Vegas and Phoenix 
Daytona 
PlumbRight 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$ 
24,928 
105,884 
327,670 
295,137 
750,000 

700,000 
38,320 

2,241,939 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
$ 
143,905 
271,667 
668,449 
353,040 
750,000 
462,375 
772,500 

Year 
acquired 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2021 
2021 
2021 
2021 
2021 

  Year ended 
 31 December 
2021 
$ 
26,466 
109,650 
327,670 
223,976 
450,000 
400,000 
175,000 

330,000 
1,713,343 
850,000 
688,559 
200,000 

5,494,663 

  Year ended 
 31 December 
2021 
$ 
117,439 
162,018 
327,672 
125,985 
300,000 
350,000 
175,000 
50,000 
5,437,499 
1,000,000 
175,000 

Year 
  acquired 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2021 
2021 
2021 
2021 

 Total non-current deferred consideration 

8,220,613 

3,421,936 

Water Intelligence plc 
54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

13 

Intangible assets 

The calculation of amortisation of intangible assets requires the use of estimates and judgement, related 
to the expected useful lives of the assets. 

An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate 
that the carrying amount may not be recovered.  

Goodwill and other indefinite life intangible assets  

 Group 

Cost 

At 1 January 2020 

Additions  

At 31 December 2020 

Additions (see note 12) 

At 31 December 2021 

Impairment 

At 1 January 2020 

Impairment in year 

Goodwill 
Acquisitions 
$ 

Goodwill relating 
to Owned & 
Operated stores 
$ 

Goodwill on 
franchisor 
activities 
$ 

3,039,251 

267,570 

3,306,821 

917,146 

4,223,967 

6,995,968 

12,801,565 

19,797,533 

14,191,487 

33,989,020 

636,711 

- 

636,711 

- 

636,711 

Totals 
$ 

10,671,930 

13,069,135 

23,741,065 

15,108,633 

38,849,698 

1,506,229 

75,000 

                    - 

1,581,229 

       -   

                    -                         -    

-    

At 31 December 2020 

1,506,229 

75,000 

                    - 

1,581,229 

Impairment in year 

- 

- 

At 31 December 2021 

1,506,229 

75,000 

Carrying amount 

- 

- 

- 

1,581,229 

At 31 December 2020 

1,800,592 

19,722,533 

636,711 

22,159,836 

At 31 December 2021 

2,717,738 

33,914,020 

636,711 

37,268,469 

The  increase  in  carrying  value  of  Goodwill  Acquisitions  at  31  December  2021  relate  to  goodwill  additions 
arising on the acquisitions outlined in Note 12 above during 2021. 

Goodwill  and  indefinite  life  intangible  assets  on  owned  &  operated  stores  comprises  legacy  owned  stores 
together with additions arising from reacquisitions of franchise operations from 2015 through 2021.  Details on 
additions in 2021 can be found in note 12 above.   

Where  appropriate  consideration  of  separately  identifiable  intangible  assets  has  been  considered  in  the 
evaluation of the fair value of assets acquired and the determination of the fair value of goodwill arising. For 
the acquisitions in 2015 - 2021 relating to the reacquisition of franchises, it is considered that the value being 
attributed to the purchase consideration relates to the synergies with surrounding franchises, obtaining wider 
geographical  coverage  directly  within  the  Group,  the  focus  to  seize  potential  opportunity  within  a  wider 
business strategy for revenue and earnings growth and the ability to expand new service offerings. Where 
appropriate, consideration of separate intangibles, such as covenants not to compete, are evaluated.  

Water Intelligence plc 
55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
    
    
 
  
    
    
   
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

There  is  no  separately  identified  intangible  considered  to  arise  from  the  customer  list  of  a  franchise 
reacquired  given  the  terms  of  the  franchise  agreement  and  on  that  these  customers  continue  to  be 
customers of the Group’s products and services before and after the reacquisition. 

An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate 
that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recovered.  For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill   or 
indefinite  life  intangible  assets  are  allocated  to  appropriate  cash  generating  units  which  can  be 
summarised as follows: 

Goodwill on Acquisitions is allocated to separate cash generating units. 

Goodwill  or indefinite life intangible assets  on owned &  operated stores  is allocated to cash generating 
units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.  

Goodwill on Franchisor Activities is considered to be related to a single cash generating unit by reference 
to  revenues  and  activities  derived  from  the  franchise  royalty  income  and  franchise  related  activities 
segments (see note 4). 

The cash generating units to which goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets have  been allocated are 
tested  for  impairment  annually.  If  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash  generating  unit  is  less  than  its 
carrying  amount,  the  impairment  loss  is  allocated  first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill 
allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount 
of  each  asset  in the  unit. An  impairment  loss  recognised  for  goodwill  is  not recovered  in  a subsequent 
period. 

The  key  assumptions/inputs  used  for  the  impairment  assessment  based  on  the  forecast  cash  flow  and 
revenues for 2021 were as follows: 

Discount rate 
Short term revenue growth 
Long term revenue growth 
Tax rate 
Discount rate sensitivity step 
Perpetual growth rate sensitivity step 

% 

15 
5 
3.5 
25 
2 
1 

This has resulted in no material impairment charge being required in 2021 (2020: $nil). 

Based upon the sensitivity analysis had the estimated discount rate used been 2% higher and the perpetual 
revenue growth rate used been 1% lower in these calculations the Group would still not have incurred any 
material impairment for any of the categories of goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets. 

Water Intelligence plc 
56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

13 

Intangible assets continued 

Other Intangible assets table 

Product 
development 
$ 

Covenants  
not to compete 
$ 

Customer 
Lists 

Trademarks 

Patents 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Website 
$ 

Salesforce 
$ 

Enterprise 
Solution 
Development 
$ 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Disposals   
At 31 December 2020 
Additions  
Disposals 
At 31 December 2021 

Accumulated amortisation 
 At 1 January 2020 

Amortisation expense 
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2020 

Amortisation expense  
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2021 

Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2020 

At 31 December 2021 

164,880 
- 
- 
164,880 
515,351 
(164,880) 
515,351 

164,880 

- 

- 
164,880 

- 
(164,880) 
- 
- 

- 

515,351 

490,128 
224,200 
   (290,000) 
424,328 
446,553 
(200,000) 
670,881 

290,128 

193,124 
(290,000) 
(151) 
193,101 

91,976 
(200,000) 
(188) 
84,889 

231,227 

585,992 

350,357 
- 
(217,500) 
132,857 
- 
- 
132,857 

323,784 

27,702 
(217,500) 
(1,130) 
132,857 

- 
- 
- 
132,857 

5,295,867 
- 
(62,050) 
5,233,817 
- 
- 
5,233,817 

3,682,108 

261,691 
(62,050) 
- 
3,881,749 

261,691 
- 
- 
4,143,440 

23,692 
- 
(23,692) 
- 
116,667 
- 
116,667 

90,000 
- 
(90,000) 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
1,558,208 
- 
1,558,208 

23,692 

82,500 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

129,851 
- 
- 
129,851 

- 
(23,692) 
- 
- 

5,833 
- 
- 
5,833 

7,500 
(90,000) 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,352,068 

- 

1,090,377 

110,833 

- 

68,001 

1,651,296 

1,428,357 

87,125 

3,818,037 

All intangible assets have been acquired by the Group. 
The calculation of amortisation of intangible assets requires the use of estimates and judgement, related to the expected useful lives of the assets.  
An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate that the carrying amount may not be recovered.  

Water Intelligence plc 
57 

Total 

$  

6,516,924  
224,200 
(683,242) 
6,057,883 
2,636,779 
(364,880) 
8,329,782 

4,567,092 
524,017  
(683,242) 
(1,281) 
4,406,587 

470,226 
(364,880) 
(188) 
4,511,745 

102,000 
- 
- 
102,000 
- 

102,000 

- 

34,000 
- 
- 
34,000 

(19,125) 
- 
- 
14,875 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

14 

Property, plant and equipment 

Equipme
nt & 
displays  
$ 

Motor 
Vehicles  
$ 

Leasehold 
Improvements  
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

Right of 
Use 
Vehicles 
$ 

Right of 
Use 
Offices 
$ 

Total  
$ 

1,976,560 

1,438,578 

83,672 

153,391 

1,394,254 

1,482,950 

6,529,405 

32,430 

1,053,569 
74,947 
(85,324) 
3,052,181 

- 

953,024 
(47,310) 
(17,787) 
2,326,504 

77,684 

115,371 

1,587,515 
- 
(23,687) 
- 
4,693,694 

789,876 
280,124 
(39,043) 
(122,810) 
3,350,021 

821,355 
(33,752) 
450,167 
3,426 
1,241,197 

477,466 
(10,429) 
306,723 
8,003 
781,762 

- 

- 
- 
- 
83,672 

- 

4,148 
- 
- 
- 
87,820 

7,988 
- 
15,098 
- 
23,085 

- 

- 
2,851 
- 

- 

- 
- 
17 
- 

- 

- 

32,430 

253,583 
723 
(199,594) 

719,831 
17,061 
(542,266) 

2,980,006 
48,272 
(844,970) 
8,745,143 

156,242 

1,448,967 

1,677,576 

- 

- 

193,055 

1,947,086 
(280,124) 
(1,517) 
- 

899,061 
- 
(7,754) 
(538,979) 

5,227,687 
- 
(71,984) 
(661,789) 
2,029,904  13,432,111 

156,259 

3,114,413 

38,072 
- 
11,859 
832 
50,764 

625,276 
(174,892) 
311,973 
77 
762,433 

661,116 
(421,793) 
472,214 
2,143 
713,681 

2,631,273 
(640,866) 
1,568,034 
14,481 
3,572,921 

66,485 

81,294 

- 

- 

- 

- 

147,778 

- 
- 
705,334 
(10,728) 
2,002,288 

(91,014) 
256,007 
560,828 
(16,485) 
1,572,391 

- 
- 
15,789 
- 
38,875 

- 
- 
12,086 
(63) 
62,787 

- 
(256,007) 
428,548 
(270) 
934,704 

(449,014) 
- 
752,483 
(3,312) 
1,013,838 

(540,027) 
- 
2,475,069 
(30,858) 
5,624,883 

1,810,985 
2,691,406 

1,544,742 
1,777,630 

60,587 
48,945 

105,479 
93,472 

686,533 
2,179,709 

963,896 
1,016,067 

5,172,221 
7,807,228 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Acquired on acquisition 
of subsidiary 
Additions 
Exchange differences 
Disposals 
At 31 December 2020 
Acquired on acquisition 
of subsidiary 
Additions 
Purchase ROU Vehicles 
Exchange differences 
Disposals 
At 31 December 2021 
Accumulated 
depreciation 
At 1 January 2020 
Eliminated on disposals 
Depreciation expense 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2020 
Acquired on acquisition 
of subsidiary 
Eliminated on disposals 
Purchase ROU Vehicles 
Depreciation expense 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2021 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2020 
At 31 December 2021 

 The value of the assets charged as security for the bank debt is $3,341,176 (2020: $2,056,692). 

Water Intelligence plc 
58 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

15 

Investment in subsidiary undertakings 

Company 
Cost 
At 31 December 2020 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 2021 
Impairment 
At 31 December 2020 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 2021 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2020 
At 31 December 2021 

Subsidiary 
Undertakings 
$  

13,860,551 
(47,794) 
13,812,758 

6,400,906 

                         -    

6,400,906 

7,459,645 
7,411,782 

The  Directors  annually  assess  the  carrying  value  of  the  investment  in  the  subsidiary  and  in  their 
opinion no impairment provision is currently necessary. See notes 12 and 13 for the assumptions and 
sensitivities in assessing the carrying value of the investment. 

The net carrying amounts noted above relate to the US incorporated subsidiaries.   

The subsidiary undertakings during the year were as follows: 

Water Intelligence International Limited* 
(leak detection products and services) 

Wat-er-save Services Limited 

Water Intelligence Australia Pty 

American Leak Detection Holding Corp. 
(holding company of ALD Inc.) * 

American Leak Detection, Inc. (leak 
detection product and services) 

Canadian Leak Detection, Inc. 

Qonnectis Group Limited (dormant) 

NRW Utilities Limited (Dormant) 

Registered office address 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 
Agriculture house, Acland Rd, 
Dorchester DT1 1EF 
1 Farrer Place, Sydney, NSW 
2000 
199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 US 

199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 US 

8-4696 Bartlette Rd. 
Beamsville, Ontario L0R 1B1 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 

Country of 
incorporation 

England and 
Wales 

Australia 

US 

US 

Canada 

England and 
Wales 

England and 
Wales 

Interest 
held 
% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100%  

100% 

*  Subsidiaries  owned  directly  by  the  Parent  Company.    These  subsidiaries  –  WII  and  ALDHC  – 
represent  the  two  principal  business  lines  of  the  Parent  Company.  Wat-er-save,  Water  Intelligence 
Australia, Canadian Leak Detection and American Leak Detection Inc. are also wholly-owned by the 
two principal subsidiaries and indirectly owned by the Parent.  

The Company’s strategy involves acquisitions, especially of franchisees. Not all acquisitions are 100% 
owned.    American  Leak  Detection  has  as  a  60%  stake  in  a  reacquired  franchise  in  Bakersfield, 
California. American Leak Detection has an unrestricted option to acquire the remaining 40% at a pre-

Water Intelligence plc 
59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

set price at any time in the future.  American Leak Detection also has a 51% stake in a former franchise 
located in Denver, Colorado.  Finally, American Leak Detection owns 75% of the IntelliDitch subsidiary 
that was set up as part of the acquisition of IP assets from FastDitch  in 2021. 

16 

Inventories 

Group Inventories 

Group 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021  
$ 
677,218 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020  
$ 
444,791 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2021,  an  expense  of  $8,964,486  (2020:  $8,830,250)  was 
recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, including business to business 
expenses  of  $8,288,217  (2020:  $8,024,178).  There  has  been  no  write  down  of  inventories  during 
2021. 

17 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade notes receivable 
Due from Group undertakings 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

$ 
429,219 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020 
$ 
581,191 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 

           -       -                      -    

    23,270,653 

4,019,000 

All trade notes receivables are due within five years from the end of the reporting period.  

Group 

Company 

Trade receivables 
Prepayments 
Due from Group undertakings 
Accrued royalties receivable 
Trade notes receivable 
Other receivables 
Due from related party 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021  
$ 
4,414,329 
1,928,308 
- 
513,853 
194,590 
997,709 
331,106 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
2,843,462 
899,903 
- 
673,832 
212,681 
1,093,994 
325,195 

$ 
- 
110,917 
4,670,366 
- 
- 
- 
- 

$ 
- 
3,973 
3,049,570 
- 
- 
- 
- 

3,053,543 

Current portion 

8,379,894 

6,049,067 

4,781,282 

Trade receivables disclosed above are classified as loans and receivables and are therefore 
measured at amortised cost. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other 
receivables approximates their fair value. 

Accrued royalties receivable are never reclassified to trade receivables as, should any royalties be 
withheld or unpaid, the Group has the right to take back the relevant franchise. 

The average credit period taken on sales is 39 days (2020: 39 days). 

Water Intelligence plc 
60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following 
currencies: 

US Dollar 
UK Pound 
Australian Dollar 
Canadian Dollar 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
7,108,323 
905,624 
286,598 
34,100 

8,334,644 

$ 
5,229,898 
504,926 
293,179 
21,063 

6,049,067 

The  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  at  the  reporting  date  is  the  carrying  value  of  each  class  of 
receivable mentioned above. The Group does not hold any collateral as security.  

18 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

19 

Trade and other payables 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
23,802,352 

$ 

$ 

$ 

6,818,715       

1,865,798         

366,737        

Trade payables 
Accruals and other payables (Note 2) 
Due to Group undertakings 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
723,458 
3,470,573 
- 

4,194,031 

$ 
1,526,733 
2,373,732 
- 

3,900,465 

$ 
6,881 
125,745 
- 

132,626 

$ 
21,094 
121,452 
- 

142,546 

Trade  payables  and  accruals  principally  comprise  amounts  outstanding  for  trade  purchases  and 
ongoing costs and are payable within 3 months. The average credit period taken for trade purchases 
is 16 days (2020:16 days). 

20 

Deferred Tax 

The analysis of deferred tax liabilities is as follows: 

Group 

2021 

$ 

2020 

$ 

Deferred tax (liability)/assets 

(1,576,872) 

(957,170) 

Water Intelligence plc 
61 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

The movement in deferred tax liabilities is as follows:  

2021 

Temporary differences: 
Net operating profit (loss) (non-
current) 
Short term temporary differences 

2020 

Temporary differences: 
Net operating profit (loss) (non-
current) 
Short term temporary differences 

Recognized in 
the income 
statement 
$ 

Recognized in 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income 
$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Opening 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

Closing 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

(957,170) 
(957,170) 

(557,329) 
(557,329) 

(62,373) 
(62,373) 

(1,576,872) 
(1,576,872) 

Opening 
balance 
$ 

Recognized in 
the income 
statement 
$ 

- 

-    

- 

- 

Recognized in 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income  
$ 

- 

- 

Closing 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

(588,684) 
(588,684) 

(436,637) 
(436,637) 

68,151 
68,151 

(957,170) 
(957,170) 

At the balance sheet date, the Group’s UK trading subsidiaries had unused tax losses (as reported on the 
Group’s tax returns) of £3,739,716 (2020: £5,898,312) available for offset against future profits. £934,929 
(2020: £1,002,713) represents unrecognized deferred tax assets thereon at 25%. The deferred tax asset 
has not been recognized due to uncertainty over timing of utilization. 

21 

Share capital 

The issued share capital in the year was as follows: 

Group & Company 

At 31 December 2020 
At 31 December 2021 

. 

Group & Company 

At 31 December 2020 
At 31 December 2021 

Ordinary Shares 
Number 
15,434,784 
17,366,688 

Shares held in 
treasury Number 
65,538 
51,000 

Total Number 
15,500,322 
17,417,688 

Share capital 
$ 
116,212 
141,594 

Share premium 
$ 
12,091,069 
35,208,586 

Shares in 
Treasury 
$ 
(340,327) 
(468,425) 

At various times during 2021, the Company bought 51,000 shares into treasury at a purchase price 
range of 600p to 992p. 

Water Intelligence plc 
62 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
                          
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

On 8 February 2021, the Company issued 6,500 shares to Bobby Knell in lieu of 2019 and 2020 
director fees.  

On 12 March 2021, the Company issued 20,000 shares pursuant to an exercise of options.   

On 14 July 2021, the Company announced a capital raise, pursuant to which the Company sold 
547,078 new ordinary shares to raise £5.0 million. At the same time, Patrick DeSouza, Executive 
Chairman of the Company, fully paid 120,000 of his partly paid shares and, in addition, options over 
130,000 ordinary shares were exercised and sold to incoming investors. All of these shares were 
admitted to trading on AIM on 19 July 2021.  

On 12 November 2021, the Company announced a capital raise, pursuant to which the Company 
sold 1,041,667 new ordinary shares to raise £12.5 million. These shares were admitted to trading on 
AIM on 17 November 2021.  

Reverse acquisition reserve  

The reverse acquisition reserve was created in accordance with IFRS3 Business Combinations and 
relates to the reverse acquisition of Qonnectis Plc by ALDHC in July 2010. Although these 
Consolidated Financial Statements have been issued in the name of the legal pare nt, the Company it 
represents in substance is a continuation of the financial information of the legal subsidiary ALDHC. 
A reverse acquisition reserve was created in 2010 to enable the presentation of a consolidated 
statement of financial position which combines the equity structure of the legal parent with the 
reserves of the legal subsidiary. Qonnectis Plc was renamed Water Intelligence Plc on completion of 
the reverse acquisition on 29 July 2010. 

22      Lease liability 

 Lease liabilities in statement of financial position 
 Amounts due within one year 

 Amount due after more than one year 

Amount recognized in the statement of  
  comprehensive income 
 Interest on leasehold liabilities 

Amount recognized in the statement of  
  cash flows 
 Repayment of lease liabilities 

23 

Financial instruments 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020  
$ 

1,161,879 
2,048,288 

771,713 
991,720 

3,210,167 

1,763,433 

136,986 

93,912 

1,448,594 

813,667 

Market risk (including foreign currency risk management) 
Interest rate risk 

The Group has exposure to the following key risks related to financial instruments:  
i. 
ii. 
iii.  Credit risk 
iv. 

Liquidity risk 

This note presents information about the Group’s  exposure to each of the above risks, the Group’s 
objectives, policies and processes for measuring and managing risk, and the Group’s management 
of  capital.  Further  quantitative  disclosures  are  included  throughout  these  consolidated  Financial 
Statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

The Directors determine, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments 
or other hedging contracts or techniques to mitigate risk. The main risk affecting such instruments is 
foreign currency risk which is discussed below.  Throughout the year ending 31 December 2021 no 
trading  in  financial  instruments  was  undertaken  (2020:  none)  and  the  Group  did  not  have  any 
derivative or hedging instruments. 

The  Group  uses  financial  instruments  including  cash,  loans  and  finance  leases,  as  well  as  trade 
receivables and payables that arise directly from operations. 

Due to the simple nature of these financial instruments, there is no material difference between book 
and fair values.  Discounting would not give a material difference to the results of the Group and the 
Directors believe that there are no material sensitivities that require additional disclosure.  

Fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities 
The  estimated  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  and  the  fair  va lues  of  the  Group’s  financial 
assets and financial liabilities is not considered material. 

Credit risk 
The  Group’s  principal  financial  assets  are  bank  balances, cash,  cash  equivalents,  trade  and  other 
receivables.  The  Group’s  credit  risk  is  primarily  attributable  to  its  trade  receivables  and  cash  and 
cash equivalents. Receivables are regularly monitored and assessed for recoverability. The Group 
has no significant concentration of credit risk as exposure is spread over a number of customers . As 
at 31 December 2021, 70.39% was held with one counterparty with a credit rating of Aaa and a further 
14.83% was held with another counterparty with a credit rating of A-. 

The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit los ses which uses 
a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables. To measure the expected credit losses, 
trade receivables have been grouped based on the shared credit risk characteristics and the days 
past due. The expected loss rates are based on the historic payment profiles of sales and the credit 
losses  experienced  within  this  period.  The  historical  loss  rates  are  adjusted  to  reflect  current  and 
forward-looking information.  

As the Group does not hold any collateral, the maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the 
carrying amount of the financial assets as at the end of each reporting period.  

As at 31 December 2021, trade receivables of $438,284 (2020: $281,805) were past due but not 
impaired. These relate to a number of customers for whom there is no history of default.  The ageing 
analysis of these trade receivables is as follows: 

Ageing of past due but not impaired receivables 

60-90 days 
90+ days 

Average age (days) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
196,106 
242,178 
438,284 
95 

$ 
87,621 
194,184 
281,805 
95 

The Group believes that no impairment allowance is necessary in respect of trade  receivables that 
are past due but not impaired. This is based on the Group’s good historic track record of collection 
for all such receivables. 

Credit risk management 
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss  to  the  Group.  The  Group  seeks  to  limit  credit  risk  on  liquid  funds  through  trading  only  with 
counterparties that are banks with high credit ratings assigned by international credit rating agencies.   

Water Intelligence plc 
64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
                             
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Exposure to credit risk 
The  carrying  amount  of  financial  assets  represents  the  maximum  credit  exposure.  The  exposure  to 
credit risk at the year-end was in respect of the past due receivables that have not been impaired are 
disclosed in note 17. 

Categories of financial instruments 

Group 

Company 

Year 
ended  
31 
December  
2020  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

$ 
- 

23,802,352  6,818,715 
8,379,894  6,049,067 
581,191 

429,219 

-    

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 
December  
2020   

$ 
- 
1,865,798 
28,051,935 
- 

$ 
- 
366,737 
7,072,544 
- 

4,194,031  3,900,465 
3,325,579  3,713,323 
8,176,893  6,839,981 
5,494,663  2,241,939 
8,220,613  3,421,936 

132,626 
- 
- 
- 
- 

142,545 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Loans and receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables – current 
Trade and other receivables – non-
current 
Financial Liabilities measured at 
amortised cost 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings – current 
Borrowings – non-current 
Deferred consideration – current 
Deferred consideration – non-current 

Borrowings 

Bank Debt 
The Group has a commercial banking relationship with People’s United Bank (People’s) (acquired in April 
2022 by M&T Bank) with various facilities: a working capital line of credit (“WCL”); acquisition lines of credit 
(“ALOCs”), and term loans (“Term Loans”).   

A $2,000,000 WCL is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Group. On October 13, 2020, the WCL 
was extended to a maturity date of December 5, 2021 and bore an annual variable interest rate equal to equal 
to LIBOR plus 3.00%. On December 4, 2021, the WCL was extended to a maturity date of December 5, 2023 
and bears an annual variable interest rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.00%. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the 
interest rate was 4.00%. Monthly interest only payments on any unpaid balance were made during 2021 and 
2020. The balance outstanding at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $226,737, and is included within line of 
credit on the consolidated balance sheets. 

In addition to the $2,000,000 line of credit, People’s had provided the Group with two acquisition lines of credit 
(ALOC 1 and ALOC 2).  Both ALOC 1 and ALOC 2 were refinanced on October 13, 2020.  People’s provided 
the Group with a term loan in the amount of $4,607,000 (“Term Loan”). The Term Loan bears interest at a rate 
equal to 3.58% and requires installments consisting of principal of $85,315 plus accrued interest to be paid 
monthly beginning in November 2020 until maturity in May 2025. The loan is secured by substantially all of the 
assets of the Group. The balance outstanding at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $3,497,907 and 
$4,521,685, respectively and is included within notes payable on the balance sheets. 

As part of the refinancing, People’s provided the Group with a new ALOC (“New ALOC”) in the amount of 
$6,000,000. The New ALOC has a two year draw period. The line bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 
3.00%. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the interest rate was 3.59% and requires installments of principal 
and interest amounting to $39,816 to be paid per month beginning in November 2020 until maturity in October 
2025. As part of the agreement, the New ALOC advance would be converted into a term loan if any ALOC 
advance exceeded $500,000 or automatically at the end of each draw period. Upon conversion, the term loan 

Water Intelligence plc 
65 

 
 
 
 
  
                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

would bear interest at a rate per annum equal to three (3) percentage points in excess of People’s five year cost 
of funds interest rate; with a floor of 3.25%. New ALOC is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Group.  
The balance outstanding at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $1,831,546 and $2,309,342, respectively and is 
included within notes payable on the balance sheets. 

In February 2021, the Group was advanced $3,200,000 from the New ALOC which converted the New ALOC 
into a new term loan (“New Term Loan”). The New Term Loan bears interest at a rate equal to 3.64% and 
requires installments consisting of principal and interest amounting to $53,333 to be paid monthly beginning in 
March 2021 until maturity in February 2026. The New Term Loan is secured by substantially all of the assets of 
the Group. The balance outstanding at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $2,666,667 and $0, respectively and 
is included within notes payable on the balance sheets. 

To summarize the above, the total amount of prior borrowings that have been refinanced at December 31, 2021 
and 2020 was $3,497,907 and $4,521,685 respectively.  In addition, the total amount of borrowings under new 
ALOC facilities at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $4,498,213 and $2,309,341 respectively.  

As noted in the subsequent events, the Group expanded its credit facilities in April 2022.  The interest rate for 
the new acquisition line of credit was established using the SOFR index.  Additionally, the existing working 
capital line of credit interest rate was amended upon renewal in December 2021 to be calculated using the 
SOFR index.  Therefore, the Group will not be impacted by the IBOR reform. 

In connection with the People’s line of credit, ALOC, and term note facilities, the Group is required to comply 
with certain financial and non-financial covenants. The most restrictive of these covenants includes a debt 
service coverage ratio to be tested quarterly and a maximum total funded debt to EBITDA ratio minimal to be 
tested quarterly. The Group was in compliance with those requirements at December 31, 2021. 

PPP Program - The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) brings much needed relief to business owners 
affected by the coronavirus. Not only does this loan program provide funding to help cover payroll and other 
expenses, but if used for qualifying purposes, part or all of the loan can be forgiven. ALD applied for and 
received funding of $1,869,800 under this program in April 2020.  The Group received notification from the 
SBA on March 31, 2021 that the full advance of $1,869,800 was forgiven.  The gain on the loan forgiveness 
was recognized in 2021, with the related expenses recognized in 2020. 

Financial Instruments 
Term loans 

PPP Loan 

Working Capital Line of Credit 

Acquisition Line of Credit 

Less: Loan Closing Costs 

Lease Liabilities 

Total 

Current 

Non-Current 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
1,106,366 

- 

- 

1,117,795 

(60,461) 

1,161,879 

$ 
1,074,507 

1,449,769 

- 

477,795 

(60,461) 

771,713 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021  
$ 
2,676,484 

- 

226,737 

3,380,418 

(155,034) 

2,048,288 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

$ 
3,585,440 

420,031 

226,737 

1,831,546 

(215,495) 

991,721 

3,325,579 

3,713,323 

8,176,893 

6,839,981 

Capital risk management 
In managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is to maintain a sufficient funding base to  enable 
working capital, research and development commitments and strategic investment needs to be met 
and  therefore  to  safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  in  order  to  provide 
returns to shareholders and benefits to other stakeholders. In making decisions to adjust its capital 
structure  to  achieve  these  aims,  through  new  share  issues,  the Group considers  not  only  its  short-
term position but also its long term operational and strategic objectives.  

Water Intelligence plc 
66 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

The capital structure of the Group currently consists of cash and cash equivalents, short and medium 
term  borrowings  and  equity  comprising  issued  capital,  reserves  and  retained  earnings.  Other  than 
with respect to Bank Debt, the Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirem ents.  
See KPI on page 11. 

Significant accounting policies 
Details  of  the  significant  accounting  policies  including  the  criteria  for  recognition,  the  basis  of 
measurement and the bases for recognition of income and expense for each class of  financial asset, 
financial liability and equity instrument are disclosed in Note 3. 

Foreign currency risk management 
The Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies (other than the functional currency 
of  the  Company  and  its  UK  operations,  being  £  Sterling),  with  exposure  to  exchange  rate  fluctuations. 
These transactions predominately relate to royalties receivable in the US denominated in currencies other 
than US$ being Canadian Dollars, Australian Dollars and Euro; royalties from such outside US sources in 
2021 were $104,760 (2020: $119,271). No foreign exchange contracts were in place at 31 December 2021 
(2020: Nil). 

The carrying amount of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary 
liabilities were: 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

Year ended  
31 December  
2020   

Year ended  
31 December  
2021   

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2020  
$ 

4,288,235 

1,685,233 

29,917,733 

7,439,281 

1,146,338 

1,053,196 

132,626 

142,545 

Assets 
Sterling, Australian and 
Canadian Dollars 
Liabilities 
Sterling, Australian and 
Canadian Dollars 

As shown above, at 31 December 2021 the Group had Sterling, Australian and Canadian denominated 
monetary net assets of $4,288,235 (2020: $1,685,233). If the foreign currency weakens by 10% against 
the US dollar, this would decrease net assets by $428,824 (2020: $168,523) with a corresponding impact 
on reported losses. Changes in exchange rate movements resulted in a loss from exchange differences 
on a translation of foreign exchange of $221,281 in 2021 (2020: gain of $33,375), resulting primarily from 
the share issuance during the year in Pound Sterling and subsequent intercompany transfer accounted 
in US Dollars. 

Interest rate risk management 
The Group is potentially exposed to interest rate risk because the Group borrows and deposits funds 
at  both  fixed  and  floating  interest  rates.  However,  at  the  year  end,  the  majority  of  borrowings  are  
subject  to fixed  rates  with  only  the  WCL  subject to variable  rates. The  fixed rate  borrowings  at  the 
year end are $8,065,568 (2020: $8,563,132) and the variable rate borrowings are $226,767 for both 
years. 

Interest rate sensitivity analysis  

The losses recorded by both the Group and the Company for the year ended 31 December 2021 would not 
materially change if market interest rates had been 1% higher/lower throughout 2021 and all other variables 
were held constant.  

Liquidity risk management 
Ultimate  responsibility  for  liquidity  management  rests  with  management.  The  Group’s  practice  is  to 
regularly review cash needs and to place excess funds on fixed term deposits for periods not exceeding 
one  month.  The  Group  manages  liquidity  risk  by  maintaining  adequate  banking  facilities  and  by 
continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows. 

The  Directors  have  prepared  a  business  plan  and  forecast  for  the  period  to  31  December  2023.  The 
forecast contains certain assumptions about the level of future sales and the level of margins achievable. 

Water Intelligence plc 
67 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

These  assumptions  are  the  Directors’  best  estimate  of  the  future  development  of  the  business.  The 
Directors acknowledge that the Group in the near-term trading is primarily reliant on cash generation from 
its predominantly US-based corporate-operated profits and franchisee royalty income. 

The following tables detail the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non -derivative financial 
liabilities with agreed repayment periods. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted 
cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest due repayment dates. The table shows principal 
cash flows. 

Group 

2021 
Payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

Group 

2020 
Payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

0-6 months 

$ 

6-12 months 
$ 

>12 months 
$ 

Total 
$ 

4,194,030 
607,899 
1,092,915 
4,558,239 

- 
553,980 
1,070,786 
936,424 

- 
2,048,288 
6,128,605 
8,220,613 

0-6 months 

$ 

6-12 months 
$ 

>12 months 
$ 

4,194,030 
3,210,167 
8,292,306 
13,715,276 

Total 
$ 

3,900,465 
365,363 
2,619,786 
1,364,771 

- 
406,350 
321,824 
877,168 

- 
991,720 
5,848,261 
3,421,936 

3,900,465 
1,763,433 
8,789,871 
5,663,875 

Interest expected to be paid on liabilities are shown in the table below  

Group 

2021 
Payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

0-6 months 

$ 

6-12 months 
$ 

>12 months 
$ 

Total 
$ 

- 
79,609 
220,481 
365,666 

- 
80,041 
277,735 
304,101 

- 
250,157 
942,856 
646,268 

- 
409,807 
1,441,072 
1,316,034 

The Company has no non-derivative financial liabilities. 

Derivatives 
The Group and Company have no derivative financial instruments . 

Fair values 
The Directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities 
approximate their fair values. 

Water Intelligence plc 
68 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities 
The changes in the Group’s liabilities arising from financing activities can be  classified as follows: 

At 1 January 2021 
Cash flows 

-  Repayment 
-  Proceeds 

Non-cash 

-  New Leases 
-  PPP loan 

forgiveness 
-  Reclassification 
As at 31 December 2021 

At 1 January 2020 
Cash flows 

-  Repayment 
-  Proceeds 

Non-cash 

-  New Leases 
-  Fair value 
-  Reclassification 
As at 31 December 2020 

Long-term 
borrowings 
$ 
5,848,261 

(1,827,765) 
3,200,000 

Short-term 
borrowings 
$ 
2,941,610 

Lease 
Liabilities 
$ 
1,763,433 

Total 

$ 
10,553,304 

- 
- 

(1,448,594) 
- 

(3,276,359) 
3,200,000 

- 
(420,031) 

- 
(1,449,769) 

2,895,328 
- 

2,895,328 
(1,869,800) 

(671,860) 
6,128,605 

671,860 
2,163,701 

- 
3,210,167 

- 
11,502,473 

Long-term 
borrowings 
$ 
2,321,401 

(848,421) 
6,153,836 

- 
- 
(1,778,555) 
5,848,261 

Short-term 
borrowings 
$ 
1,163,055 

Lease 
Liabilities 
$ 
1,703,805 

Total 

$ 
5,188,261 

- 
- 

(813,667) 
- 

(1,662,088) 
6,153,836 

- 
- 
1,778,555 
2,941,610 

873,295 
- 
- 
1,763,433 

873,295 
- 
- 
10,553,304 

24 

Fair value measurement 

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy for assets measured at fair value: 

Fair value measurement using 

Quoted 
process 
in active 
markets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
observable 
inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
unobservable 
inputs 
(Level 3) 

$000 

$000 

$000 

Total 

$000 

Assets measured at fair value 

Date of valuation 

Listed equity investments 

   SEEEN investment                         31 December 2021 

1,185 

1,185 

   SEEEN investment                         31 December 2020 

1,564 

1,564 

- 

- 

- 

- 

To estimate fair value, the lower end of the bid-offer spread as at 31 December 2021 was used to 
calculate the value of the holding. There is an active market for the Group's liquid equity investment.  

Water Intelligence plc 
69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

25 

Contingent liabilities 

The Directors are not aware of any material contingent liabilities.   

26 

Related party transactions 

PSS was one former owner of ALDHC until the reverse merger in 2010 that created Water 
Intelligence. PSS is now a significant shareholder of Water Intelligence and hence is a related party 
to the Company. PSS provides a technology license to Water Intelligence and ALD on terms 
favourable to Water Intelligence and ALD. The license is royalty-free for the first $5 million of sales 
for products developed with PSS technology. PSS also guarantees the bank debt of Water 
Intelligence as described below.  

During the normal course of operations, there are intercompany transactions among PSS, Water 
Intelligence plc, ALDHC and ALD. In previous years, PSS charged administrative fees to the 
Company to cover activities taken on behalf of company business, including research.  The financial 
results of these related party transactions are reviewed by an independent director of Water 
Intelligence plc, the parent of ALDHC and ALD. 

As described in Note 23, the Company's parent (and the Company as co-borrower) have different 
credit facilities with Peoples.  For the PSS guarantee, ALDHC pays 0.75% per annum based on the 
outstanding balance of the loan calculated at the end of each month. Interest charged on the PSS 
receivable will match the interest rate charged by the bank. The monthly charge for the PSS 
guarantee would not change and would be offset against amounts owed by PSS. The charge will be 
eliminated should the guarantee no longer be required by the bank. Interest income related to the 
PSS receivable amounted to $18,937 and $18,062 for the years December 31, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively. The guarantee fee expense for the PSS guarantee amounted to $ 67,000 and $38,219 
for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During 2021 the Company paid 
expenses on behalf of PSS in the amount of $54,374. The related receivable/prepaid balance 
remaining is $331,106 and $325,195 at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.   

During the year, the Company had the following transactions with its subsidiary companies:  

Water Intelligence International Limited 

Balance at 31 December 2020 
Net loans to subsidiary 
Other expenses recharged and exchange differences 

Balance at 31 December 2021 

 ALDHC 
Balance at 31 December 2020 
Loans prepaid by WI capital raise 
Balance at 31 December 2021 

 ALD Inc. 
Balance at 31 December 2020 
Loans incurred due to WI capital raise 
Loans paid to WI 
Other expenses recharged and exchange differences 

Balance at 31 December 2021 

Water Intelligence plc 
70 

$ 

3,049,570 
- 
1,620,796 

4,670,366 

$ 

- 
- 
- 

$ 

4,019,000 
19,205,100 
- 
46,552 

23,270,653 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

27 

Subsequent events 

On 19 January 2022, the Group announced the reacquisition of its Fort Worth, Texas franchise territory 
within  the  Group’s  ALD  franchise  business.    The  Fort  Worth  operation  is  fast-growing  and  expected  to 
accelerate further by adding new service locations in north and west Texas during 2022. Moreover, this 
reacquisition reinforces the Group’s strategy of establishing regional corporate hubs in the US that have 
scale to fuel growth in nearby corporate and franchise locations.  The purchase price of $7.7 million in cash 
is to be paid over three years.. The purchase price is based on 2021 pro forma of $3.6 million in revenue 
and $1.2 million in profit before tax. 

On 3 February 2022, the Group announced the sale of certain territory in rural North Carolina to an existing, 
fast-growing franchisee of American Leak Detection (ALD).  The purchase price for the territory is $90,000, 
all of which is recognised as revenue at 100% profit margin. It is also expected that the franchise owner will 
be purchasing additional equipment from ALD to launch service vehicles to develop the territory. Finally, 
the commercialization of such “greenfield” territory will also add royalty income to the Group’s ALD business 
unit during 2022. 

On 7 April 2022, the Group announced the expansion of its acquisition line of credit to include an additional 
$15  million  for  further  acquisitions  of  its  franchises.  As  part  of  the  facility,  the  Group  entered  into  swap 
arrangements that maintain a fixed interest rate of approximately 5.5% on amounts drawn under the facility 
and are amortised over a term of five years. The covenants and guarantee requirements for the new facility 
remain the same all other credit facilities with People’s Bank, now operating   post-acquisition as part of 
M&T Bank.  

On 12 May 2022, the Group announced  the reacquisition of its American Leak Detection Central Texas 
franchise.  The franchise includes the cities of Abilene, Lubbock and Midland which are west of  recently 
launched  corporate-operated  locations  of  Fort  Worth  (via  franchise  acquisition)  and  Wichita  Falls 
(greenfield). The  purchase price of $0.75 million in cash is based  on  the franchise’s  2021  Statement of 
Income of $0.65 million in revenue and $0.21 million in profit before tax. 

28 

Control 

The Company is under the control of its shareholders and not any one party. The shareholdings of the 
directors and entities in which they are related are as outlined within the Director’s Report. 

Water Intelligence plc 
71